PMID-sentid	Pub_year	Sent_text	compound_name	comp_offset	prot_official_name	organism	prot_offset
6264769-10	1980	Endogenous SOD, epinephrine, ceruloplasmin, blood plasma proteins, inflammatory fluid, may modulate the amount of superoxide by their superoxide scavenging capacities.	Superoxides	114-124	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	11-14
6264769-10	1980	Endogenous SOD, epinephrine, ceruloplasmin, blood plasma proteins, inflammatory fluid, may modulate the amount of superoxide by their superoxide scavenging capacities.	Superoxides	134-144	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	11-14
6291560-0	1980	Inhibitor effect of polyamines on reduction of cytochrome C by superoxide anion.	Superoxides	63-79	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	47-59
7350246-1	1980	After in vitro exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or muramyl dipeptide (MDP), cultured resident mouse peritoneal macrophages were primed to display enhanced generation of superoxide anion (O2-) in response to stimulation by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) or opsonized zymosan.	Superoxides	173-189	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	47-50
115873-7	1979	In particular, it was found that the reported inhibition of cytochrome P-450-catalyzed hydroxylation reactions by copper-tyrosine is associated with an inhibition rather than a stimulation of the formation of hydrogen peroxide, the product of the dismutation of the superoxide radicals generated as a result of the decay of oxycytochrome P-450.	Superoxides	266-276	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	60-76
228974-0	1979	Serine protease inhibitors inhibit superoxide production by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes stimulated by various surface active agents.	Superoxides	35-45	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	0-15
30812210-1	1979	Superoxide dismutase activity was shown to be present in bovine milk serum and was quantified by measuring the capacity of retentate from dialyzed milk serum to inhibit reduction of cytochrome c by xanthine-xanthine oxidase-generated superoxide anion.	Superoxides	234-250	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	147-151
225679-4	1979	The chemical and biological reactivity of superoxide is high and includes a leading role in bacterial killing caused by radiation, in which superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme that catalyses the reaction: O2 + O2 +2H leads to H2O2 +O2 protected markedly.	Superoxides	42-52	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	140-160
225679-4	1979	The chemical and biological reactivity of superoxide is high and includes a leading role in bacterial killing caused by radiation, in which superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme that catalyses the reaction: O2 + O2 +2H leads to H2O2 +O2 protected markedly.	Superoxides	42-52	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	162-165
225679-4	1979	The chemical and biological reactivity of superoxide is high and includes a leading role in bacterial killing caused by radiation, in which superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme that catalyses the reaction: O2 + O2 +2H leads to H2O2 +O2 protected markedly.	Superoxides	207-209	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	140-160
225679-4	1979	The chemical and biological reactivity of superoxide is high and includes a leading role in bacterial killing caused by radiation, in which superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme that catalyses the reaction: O2 + O2 +2H leads to H2O2 +O2 protected markedly.	Superoxides	207-209	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	162-165
225679-4	1979	The chemical and biological reactivity of superoxide is high and includes a leading role in bacterial killing caused by radiation, in which superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme that catalyses the reaction: O2 + O2 +2H leads to H2O2 +O2 protected markedly.	Superoxides	212-214	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	140-160
225679-4	1979	The chemical and biological reactivity of superoxide is high and includes a leading role in bacterial killing caused by radiation, in which superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme that catalyses the reaction: O2 + O2 +2H leads to H2O2 +O2 protected markedly.	Superoxides	212-214	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	162-165
225679-4	1979	The chemical and biological reactivity of superoxide is high and includes a leading role in bacterial killing caused by radiation, in which superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme that catalyses the reaction: O2 + O2 +2H leads to H2O2 +O2 protected markedly.	Superoxides	212-214	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	140-160
225679-4	1979	The chemical and biological reactivity of superoxide is high and includes a leading role in bacterial killing caused by radiation, in which superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme that catalyses the reaction: O2 + O2 +2H leads to H2O2 +O2 protected markedly.	Superoxides	212-214	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	162-165
224122-8	1979	These studies suggest that intact proteinase function is required for O2- generation and that this step follows the calcium influx in the activation sequence induced by FMLP.	Superoxides	70-72	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	169-173
221543-5	1979	In addition, human (but not eggwhite) lysozyme depresses oxidative metabolism (hexose monophosphate shunt activity) and superoxide generation of neutrophils.	Superoxides	120-130	lysozyme	Homo sapiens	38-46
223976-5	1979	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), which enzymatically destroys superoxide, caused moderate inhibition of PHA-dependent cytotoxicity over the concentration range of 100--500 microgram/ml whereas catalytically inactive enzyme had no effect.	Superoxides	57-67	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
223976-5	1979	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), which enzymatically destroys superoxide, caused moderate inhibition of PHA-dependent cytotoxicity over the concentration range of 100--500 microgram/ml whereas catalytically inactive enzyme had no effect.	Superoxides	57-67	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
37165-8	1979	We now present evidence that enhanced production of superoxide contributes to such inhibition, especially in the presence of catalase at acid pH.	Superoxides	52-62	catalase	Homo sapiens	125-133
39543-9	1979	Production of O(2) (-) by NADH-ubiquinone reductase preparation (Complex I) with NADH or NADPH as an electron donor was assayed by measuring the formation of adrenochrome or the reduction of acetylated cytochrome c which does not react with the respiratory-chain components.	Superoxides	14-18	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	202-214
219122-2	1979	In response to activation by the synthetic chemotactic factor FMLP, human peripheral neutrophils generated superoxide radicals as assessed by ferricytochrome C reduction.	Superoxides	107-126	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	62-66
219122-3	1979	A dose-dependent increase in the amount of superoxide induced by FMLP over the concentration range of 1 X 10(-8) M to 1.6 X 10(-7) M was observed.	Superoxides	43-53	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	65-69
219122-4	1979	Examination of the kinetics of the response revealed large amounts of superoxide generated by 1 min of incubation at 37 degrees C at an optimal dose of FMLP and a plateau effect after 5 min of incubation.	Superoxides	70-80	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	152-156
219122-5	1979	Divalent cations did not influence the binding of 3H-FMLP to the cell, but superoxide generation by FMLP-activated neutrophils was observed to be dependent on the presence of divalent cations in the medium.	Superoxides	75-85	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	100-104
219122-7	1979	Mg2+, 0.25 to 4 mM, increased FMLP-induced superoxide generation to a much lower extent than did Ca2+.	Superoxides	43-53	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	30-34
219122-8	1979	Lanthanum ion, 0.1 to 1 mM, in the presence of 1 mM Ca2+ inhibited the production of superoxide by FMLP 4 X 10(-8 ) M. Over the concentration range 3.3 X 10(-5 M to 3 X 10(-4 M, verapamil, a drug which selectively blocks the calcium channel, caused a dose-dependent inhibition of superoxide production and calcium-45 uptake in response to FMLP.	Superoxides	85-95	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	99-103
219122-8	1979	Lanthanum ion, 0.1 to 1 mM, in the presence of 1 mM Ca2+ inhibited the production of superoxide by FMLP 4 X 10(-8 ) M. Over the concentration range 3.3 X 10(-5 M to 3 X 10(-4 M, verapamil, a drug which selectively blocks the calcium channel, caused a dose-dependent inhibition of superoxide production and calcium-45 uptake in response to FMLP.	Superoxides	85-95	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	339-343
219122-8	1979	Lanthanum ion, 0.1 to 1 mM, in the presence of 1 mM Ca2+ inhibited the production of superoxide by FMLP 4 X 10(-8 ) M. Over the concentration range 3.3 X 10(-5 M to 3 X 10(-4 M, verapamil, a drug which selectively blocks the calcium channel, caused a dose-dependent inhibition of superoxide production and calcium-45 uptake in response to FMLP.	Superoxides	280-290	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	99-103
219969-4	1979	The release of superoxide anions was measured spectrophotometrically with a dual wavelength spectrophotometer by adding a blood sample to an assay mixture containing cytochrome C.	Superoxides	15-32	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	166-178
421692-1	1979	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) protect aerobic organisms against the toxic superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide, which are generated during phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs).	Superoxides	104-120	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
421692-1	1979	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) protect aerobic organisms against the toxic superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide, which are generated during phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs).	Superoxides	104-120	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
421692-5	1979	Since SOD generates bactericidal hydrogen peroxide and regulates the release of the toxic superoxide radical into the surrounding tissues, this study may add new understanding to the pathophysiological aspects of acute and chronic inflammatory processes.	Superoxides	90-108	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	6-9
32915-0	1979	Participation of superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radicals in NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase-catalyzed peroxidation of methyl linolenate.	Superoxides	17-27	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	72-104
229682-7	1979	Measurements of the reduction of succinylated cytochrome c using purified cytochrome P-450 and the flavoprotein, NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase, directly demonstrate the formation of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	185-202	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	46-58
229682-7	1979	Measurements of the reduction of succinylated cytochrome c using purified cytochrome P-450 and the flavoprotein, NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase, directly demonstrate the formation of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	185-202	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	74-145
212091-2	1978	The production of superoxide radicals from primaquine diphosphate in aqueous solution has been demonstrated, using as indicator the reduction of cytochrome C with inhibition of the reaction by superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	18-28	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	145-157
212024-0	1978	Evidence for the involvement of superoxide in vitamin K-dependent carboxylation of glutamic acid residues of prothrombin.	Superoxides	32-42	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	109-120
207707-1	1978	Superoxide anion, generated by xanthine oxidase within vesicles formed from washed erythrocyte ghosts, crosses the vesicle membrane to reduce cytochrome c in the medium (Lynch, R. E., and Fridovich, I.	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	142-154
207707-5	1978	The reduction of external cytochrome c, caused by O2- produced by the enzymic turnover of internal xanthine oxidase, was 85 to 90% inhibited by SITS and DIDS.	Superoxides	50-52	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	26-38
745653-6	1978	Excessive amounts of catalase and/or other protein, either native or denatured will prevent the effects of superoxide and/or ascrobate, but cannot replace the requirements for catalytic quantities of catalase or Fe2+.	Superoxides	107-117	catalase	Homo sapiens	21-29
207567-0	1978	Superoxide anion involvement in NBT reduction catalyzed by NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase: a pitfall.	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	59-91
207727-5	1978	Superoxide anion production correlated closely with CL responses in NaF-treated human PMNs.	Superoxides	0-16	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	68-71
199619-7	1977	Under the influence of inhibited phagosome formation by cytochalasin B, the cells released an increased amount of superoxide and peroxide into the extracellular medium relative to oxygen consumption, and all detectable peroxide release could be inhibited by the addition of ferricytochrome c. Decreased H(2)O(2) production in the presence of this compound could not be ascribed to diminished bacterial binding, decreased oxidase activity, or increased H(2)O(2) catabolism and was reversed by the simultaneous addition of SOD.	Superoxides	114-124	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	521-524
195574-8	1977	Experiments with superoxide dismutase and catalase suggest that there are two types of oxidation taking place: an enzymic, H2O2-dependent oxidation of dihydroxyfumarate by peroxidase, and a non-enzymic reaction involving oxidation of dihydroxyfumarate by O2 leads to.	Superoxides	125-127	catalase	Homo sapiens	42-50
192766-9	1977	Prior exposure of platelets to low fluxes of superoxide anion lowered the threshold for release by subsequent addition of thrombin, suggesting a synergistic effect.	Superoxides	45-61	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	122-130
190225-3	1977	The formation of O2 was established by observing the reduction of oxidized cytochrome c concomitant with MetHb formation at pH 9, and by showing that superoxide dismultase and catalse inhibit cytochrome c reduction at that pH.	Superoxides	17-19	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	75-87
190225-3	1977	The formation of O2 was established by observing the reduction of oxidized cytochrome c concomitant with MetHb formation at pH 9, and by showing that superoxide dismultase and catalse inhibit cytochrome c reduction at that pH.	Superoxides	17-19	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	192-204
187622-2	1977	Nevertheless, superoxide radicals were detectable in the surrounding medium of metabolically viable platelet suspensions by using two assay systems: cytochrome c and nitroblue tetrazolium.	Superoxides	14-24	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	149-161
993860-3	1976	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme which protects against superoxide radical, was quantitated in pellet and supernatant of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and alveolar macrophages (AM).	Superoxides	61-79	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Cavia porcellus	22-25
10982-0	1976	The kinetics of the reduction of cytochrome c by the superoxide anion radical.	Superoxides	53-77	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	33-45
187927-0	1976	Oxidation of alpha-methyldopa and other catechols by cytochrome P-450-generated superoxide anion: possible mechanism of methyldopa hepatitis.	Superoxides	80-96	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	53-69
181184-1	1976	Reduction of exogenous cytochrome c was induced by the treatment of human polymorphonuclear leucocytes with cytochalasin E. The reduction was completely inhibited by superoxide, dismutase, indicating that superoxide anions were released from the cells.	Superoxides	166-176	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	23-35
181184-1	1976	Reduction of exogenous cytochrome c was induced by the treatment of human polymorphonuclear leucocytes with cytochalasin E. The reduction was completely inhibited by superoxide, dismutase, indicating that superoxide anions were released from the cells.	Superoxides	205-222	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	23-35
180060-0	1976	Chemiluminescence and superoxide production by myeloperoxidase-deficient leukocytes.	Superoxides	22-32	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	47-62
180060-3	1976	Although the maximal rate of superoxide anion production by myeloperoxidase-deficient leukocytes is not significantly different from that of normal cells, superoxide production falls off less rapidly with time so that with prolonged incubation, it is greater in myeloperoxidase-deficient than in normal cells.	Superoxides	29-45	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	60-75
180060-3	1976	Although the maximal rate of superoxide anion production by myeloperoxidase-deficient leukocytes is not significantly different from that of normal cells, superoxide production falls off less rapidly with time so that with prolonged incubation, it is greater in myeloperoxidase-deficient than in normal cells.	Superoxides	29-39	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	60-75
180060-6	1976	Zymosan, the phagocytic particle employed in the intact cell system, considerably increased the chemiluminescence of a cell-free superoxide-H2O2 generating system (xanthine-xanthine oxidase) and a system containing myeloperoxidase, H2O2, and chloride.	Superoxides	129-139	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	215-230
182128-2	1976	The reactions of superoxide and H2O2 with oxyhaemoglobin or methaemoglobin and their inhibition by superoxide dismutase or catalase were used to detect the formation of superoxide or H2O2 on autoxidation of oxyhaemoglobin.	Superoxides	17-27	catalase	Homo sapiens	123-131
181730-3	1976	Superoxide also gives rise to breaks in DNA suppressible by both superoxide dismutase and catalase.	Superoxides	0-10	catalase	Homo sapiens	90-98
4144-4	1976	This accumulation of O2- was demonstrated in terms of a burst of reduction of cytochrome c, seen when the latter compound was added after aerobic preincubation of xanthine oxidase with its substrate.	Superoxides	21-23	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	78-90
1260505-3	1976	However similar complete inhibition of DNA strand breakage by catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) indicates that the hydroxyl radical (formed by interaction of superoxide with hydrogen peroxide) is the primary reactive species.	Superoxides	147-157	catalase	Homo sapiens	62-70
181968-5	1976	Moreover, the soluble stimulators complement component C5a, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), and calcium ions in the presence of the ionophore A23187, also increased the O2- production of these cells.	Superoxides	170-172	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	55-58
13869-3	1976	2) with or without cyanide in the incubation medium, LG omitted, Mn++ in the presence of NADPH induced superoxide anion (O- WITH 2) production, as evidenced by oxygen consumption and H2O2 production, which were abolished (in the absence of cyanide) by cytochrome C (a potent O- with 2 scavenger).	Superoxides	103-119	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	252-264
168866-2	1975	The finding that peroxidase is a potential source of superoxide suggests a possible role for myeloperoxidase in leucocytes.	Superoxides	53-63	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	93-108
4366184-0	1974	Role of the superoxide anion in the myeloperoxidase-mediated antimicrobial system.	Superoxides	12-28	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	36-51
4344152-2	1972	The reaction of ferric myeloperoxidase with superoxide anion.	Superoxides	44-60	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	23-38
5452730-0	1970	Reactions of superoxide anion, catechols, and cytochrome c.	Superoxides	13-29	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	46-58
33780792-3	2021	Our results showed that SUMO E3 ligase (SIZ1) gene expression was higher in florets treated with PSKalpha, which may prevent endogenous H2O2 accumulation, resulting from the higher activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase.	Superoxides	193-203	catalase	Homo sapiens	215-223
33582931-0	2021	Nrf1 Knock-Down in the Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus Alleviates Hypertension Through Intervention of Superoxide Production-Removal Balance and Mitochondrial Function.	Superoxides	108-118	nuclear respiratory factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
33582931-7	2021	Together, the results indicate that the PVN Nrf1 is associated with the development of 2K1C-induced hypertension, and Nrf1 knock-down in the PVN can alleviate hypertension through intervention of mitochondrial function and restorement of the production-removal balance of superoxide.	Superoxides	272-282	nuclear respiratory factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	118-122
33934624-6	2021	The functional nature of this partnership was shown by silencing FXYD1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells, where 50% decreased NO and 2-fold augmented superoxide was shown.	Superoxides	158-168	FXYD domain containing ion transport regulator 1	Homo sapiens	65-70
33040403-0	2021	Functional selective FPR1 signaling in favor of an activation of the neutrophil superoxide generating NOX2 complex.	Superoxides	80-90	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	21-25
34052343-1	2021	Our group has previously observed that protein S-glutathionylation serves as an integral feedback inhibitor for the production of superoxide (O2 -)/hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (KGDH), pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), and complex I in muscle and liver mitochondria, respectively.	Superoxides	130-140	pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase catalytic subunit 1	Homo sapiens	218-240
34052343-1	2021	Our group has previously observed that protein S-glutathionylation serves as an integral feedback inhibitor for the production of superoxide (O2 -)/hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (KGDH), pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), and complex I in muscle and liver mitochondria, respectively.	Superoxides	130-140	pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase catalytic subunit 1	Homo sapiens	242-245
33961402-1	2021	Copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is a major antioxidant metalloenzyme that protects cells from oxidative damage by superoxide anions (O2-).	Superoxides	122-139	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	34-38
34016263-8	2021	Exogenous C16:0-ceramide directly increased superoxide via tetrahydrobiopterin-mediated endothelial nitric oxide synthase uncoupling and dysregulated protein phosphatase 2 in human aortic endothelial cells.	Superoxides	44-54	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	88-121
34021781-11	2021	A cell-permeant superoxide scavenger reduced the ET-1-induced contraction in the indoxyl sulfate group.	Superoxides	16-26	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	49-53
34044064-2	2021	In animals, BMAL1 further acts as transcription factor for the SOD1 gene which encodes the major antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	116-126	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	63-67
33781891-0	2021	Epigenetic silencing of GTP cyclohydrolase 1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma growth by activating superoxide anion-mediated ASK1/p38 signaling via inhibiting tetrahydrobiopterin de novo biosynthesis.	Superoxides	100-116	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	131-134
33781891-10	2021	Further mechanistic studies found that GCH1 silencing-induced BH4 reduction resulted in an increase of intracellular superoxide anion levels in a dose-dependent manner, which mediated the activation of ASK1/p38 signaling.	Superoxides	117-133	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	207-210
33781891-11	2021	Collectively, our study reveals that epigenetic silencing of GCH1 promotes HCC growth by activating superoxide anion-mediated ASK1/p38 signaling via inhibiting BH4 de novo biosynthesis, suggesting that targeting GCH1/BH4 pathway may be a promising therapeutic strategy to combat HCC.	Superoxides	100-116	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	131-134
33516729-0	2021	Mitochondrial biogenesis factor PGC-1alpha suppresses spinal morphine tolerance by reducing mitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	106-116	PPARG coactivator 1 alpha	Rattus norvegicus	32-42
33516729-13	2021	Our findings include that: (i) spinal MT decreased the expression of spinal PGC-1alpha in the SCDH neurons; (ii) rPGC-1alpha increased mechanical threshold and thermal latency in MT animals; (iii) Mito-Tempol reduced MT behavioral response; (iv) rPGC-1alpha reduced MT-induced mitochondria-targeted superoxide; and (v) cultured neuronal cells treated with TNFalpha increased mitochondria-targeted superoxide that can be inhibited by rPGC-1alpha.	Superoxides	299-309	PPARG coactivator 1 alpha	Rattus norvegicus	113-124
33516729-13	2021	Our findings include that: (i) spinal MT decreased the expression of spinal PGC-1alpha in the SCDH neurons; (ii) rPGC-1alpha increased mechanical threshold and thermal latency in MT animals; (iii) Mito-Tempol reduced MT behavioral response; (iv) rPGC-1alpha reduced MT-induced mitochondria-targeted superoxide; and (v) cultured neuronal cells treated with TNFalpha increased mitochondria-targeted superoxide that can be inhibited by rPGC-1alpha.	Superoxides	397-407	PPARG coactivator 1 alpha	Rattus norvegicus	113-124
33516729-14	2021	The present findings suggest that spinal PGC-1alpha reduce MT through decreasing mitochondria-targeted superoxide in the SCDH.	Superoxides	103-113	PPARG coactivator 1 alpha	Rattus norvegicus	41-51
33932953-0	2021	Oxidant-Resistant LRRC8A/C anion channels support superoxide production by Nox1.	Superoxides	50-60	leucine rich repeat containing 8 VRAC subunit A	Homo sapiens	18-24
33932953-1	2021	KEY POINTS: LRRC8A-containing anion channels associate with Nox1 and regulate superoxide production and TNFalpha signaling.	Superoxides	78-88	leucine rich repeat containing 8 VRAC subunit A	Homo sapiens	12-18
33932953-10	2021	ABSTRACT: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) activates NADPH Oxidase 1 (Nox1) in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), producing superoxide (O2  - ) required for subsequent signaling.	Superoxides	133-143	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	10-37
33932953-10	2021	ABSTRACT: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) activates NADPH Oxidase 1 (Nox1) in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), producing superoxide (O2  - ) required for subsequent signaling.	Superoxides	133-143	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	39-47
33838472-0	2021	Sustained IKKbeta phosphorylation and NF-kappaB activation by superoxide-induced peroxynitrite-mediated nitrotyrosine modification of B56gamma3 and PP2A inactivation.	Superoxides	62-72	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	38-47
33838472-3	2021	Through pharmacological or genetic inhibition of SOD1, we show that elevated intracellular superoxide (O2-) mediates sustained IKK phosphorylation, and induces downstream degradation of IkappaBalpha, leading to the nuclear localization and transcriptional activation of NF-kappaB.	Superoxides	91-101	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	49-53
33838472-3	2021	Through pharmacological or genetic inhibition of SOD1, we show that elevated intracellular superoxide (O2-) mediates sustained IKK phosphorylation, and induces downstream degradation of IkappaBalpha, leading to the nuclear localization and transcriptional activation of NF-kappaB.	Superoxides	91-101	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	186-198
33838472-3	2021	Through pharmacological or genetic inhibition of SOD1, we show that elevated intracellular superoxide (O2-) mediates sustained IKK phosphorylation, and induces downstream degradation of IkappaBalpha, leading to the nuclear localization and transcriptional activation of NF-kappaB.	Superoxides	91-101	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	270-279
33935045-6	2021	Especially, excessive COMP-Ang1 disturbed late-stage erythroblast maturation, followed by decreased expression of stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) and globin transcription factor 1 (GATA-1) and increased levels of superoxide anion and p-p38 kinase.	Superoxides	219-235	angiopoietin 1	Mus musculus	27-31
33516729-12	2021	Furthermore, we examined the effect of rPGC-1alpha on mitochondrial superoxide using cultured neurons.	Superoxides	68-78	PPARG coactivator 1 alpha	Rattus norvegicus	39-50
33388549-4	2021	Here, we identified that Wnt3A promoted superoxide generation, leading to Tyr42 phosphorylation of RhoA through activations of c-Src and Rho-dependent coiled coil kinase 2 (ROCK2) and phosphorylation of p47phox, a component of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	40-50	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	99-103
33923136-6	2021	CeO2NPs have been reported to act as a ROS and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) scavenger and to have multi-enzyme mimetic activity, including SOD activity (deprotionation of superoxide anion into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide), catalase activity (conversion of hydrogen peroxide into oxygen and water), and peroxidase activity (reducing hydrogen peroxide into hydroxyl radicals).	Superoxides	174-190	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	142-145
33592181-1	2021	Human cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs or P450s) are known to be reduced by their electron transfer partners in the absence of substrate and in turn to reduce other acceptor molecules such as molecular oxygen, thereby creating superoxide anions (O2- ).	Superoxides	224-241	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	6-21
33859191-1	2021	SOD1 is known as the major cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase and an anticancer target.	Superoxides	39-49	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	0-4
32144830-1	2021	Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is a front-line antioxidant enzyme catalysing superoxide breakdown and is important for most forms of eukaryotic life.	Superoxides	6-16	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
32144830-2	2021	The evolution of aerobic respiration by mitochondria increased cellular production of superoxide, resulting in an increased reliance upon SOD1.	Superoxides	86-96	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	138-142
33827604-6	2021	Mechanism investigation revealed that Ru@SiO2-PA caused enhanced generation of superoxide anion, which subsequently triggered DNA damage and dysfunction of MAPKs and PI3K/AKT pathways.	Superoxides	79-95	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	171-174
33025358-3	2021	Stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1), an endogen neuroprotective protein, acts as an anti-inflammatory and suppresses superoxide generation through induction of uncoupling proteins (UCPs) in the mitochondria.	Superoxides	105-115	stanniocalcin 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-15
33025358-3	2021	Stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1), an endogen neuroprotective protein, acts as an anti-inflammatory and suppresses superoxide generation through induction of uncoupling proteins (UCPs) in the mitochondria.	Superoxides	105-115	stanniocalcin 1	Rattus norvegicus	17-22
33388549-4	2021	Here, we identified that Wnt3A promoted superoxide generation, leading to Tyr42 phosphorylation of RhoA through activations of c-Src and Rho-dependent coiled coil kinase 2 (ROCK2) and phosphorylation of p47phox, a component of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	40-50	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	127-132
32977740-14	2021	Cav-1determines the cellular glucose supply through Glut-4 and regulates the activity of NOX-2 generating superoxide anions, and that of eNOS generating NO.	Superoxides	106-123	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
33665378-0	2021	Nitric oxide produced by NOS2 copes with the cytotoxic effects of superoxide in macrophages.	Superoxides	66-76	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	25-29
32363908-4	2021	CRITICAL ISSUES: Under conditions of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) depletion, eNOS generated superoxide trigger pathological events.	Superoxides	89-99	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	74-78
33732696-6	2021	The pharmacological dissociation of the GSTP1-JNK heterocomplex resulted in the activation of JNK, which led to a significant decrease in sperm viability, motility, mitochondrial activity, and plasma membrane stability, as well as to an increase of intracellular superoxides.	Superoxides	263-274	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	46-49
33732696-6	2021	The pharmacological dissociation of the GSTP1-JNK heterocomplex resulted in the activation of JNK, which led to a significant decrease in sperm viability, motility, mitochondrial activity, and plasma membrane stability, as well as to an increase of intracellular superoxides.	Superoxides	263-274	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	94-97
33421588-0	2021	Superoxide produced by mitochondrial site IQ inactivates cardiac succinate dehydrogenase and induces hepatic steatosis in Sod2 knockout mice.	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	122-126
33421588-6	2021	Lack of SOD2 is expected to elevate superoxide levels in the mitochondrial matrix, and leads to severe pathologies and death about 8 days after birth.	Superoxides	36-46	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	8-12
33356954-8	2021	Moreover, overexpression of FOXO1 in HK-2 cells increased HK-2 cell viability and PGC1-alpha expression, and it alleviated the mitochondrial injury and superoxide accumulation induced by LPS.	Superoxides	152-162	forkhead box O1	Homo sapiens	28-33
33665378-2	2021	Herein we validated the hypothesis that interaction of NO with superoxide exerts protection against superoxide toxicity using macrophages from mice with a knockout (KO) of inducible NO synthase (NOS2) and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), either individually or both.	Superoxides	63-73	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	195-199
33665378-2	2021	Herein we validated the hypothesis that interaction of NO with superoxide exerts protection against superoxide toxicity using macrophages from mice with a knockout (KO) of inducible NO synthase (NOS2) and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), either individually or both.	Superoxides	63-73	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	205-227
33665378-2	2021	Herein we validated the hypothesis that interaction of NO with superoxide exerts protection against superoxide toxicity using macrophages from mice with a knockout (KO) of inducible NO synthase (NOS2) and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), either individually or both.	Superoxides	63-73	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	229-233
33673360-2	2021	Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (Nox) is the major source of placental superoxide in early pregnancy and its activation with the subsequent formation of superoxide has been demonstrated for various agents including Transforming Growth Factor beta-1 (TGF-beta1), a well-known p38 MAPK pathway activator.	Superoxides	99-109	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	0-59
33593113-4	2021	Superoxide inhibition in PVX-inoculated leaves by infiltration of antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, SOD and catalase, CAT) partially suppresses extreme resistance parallel with the appearance of localized leaf necrosis resembling a hypersensitive resistance response (HR).	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	102-105
33593113-4	2021	Superoxide inhibition in PVX-inoculated leaves by infiltration of antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, SOD and catalase, CAT) partially suppresses extreme resistance parallel with the appearance of localized leaf necrosis resembling a hypersensitive resistance response (HR).	Superoxides	0-10	catalase	Homo sapiens	110-118
33593113-4	2021	Superoxide inhibition in PVX-inoculated leaves by infiltration of antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, SOD and catalase, CAT) partially suppresses extreme resistance parallel with the appearance of localized leaf necrosis resembling a hypersensitive resistance response (HR).	Superoxides	0-10	catalase	Homo sapiens	120-123
33581737-10	2021	Gene expression analysis of CD34+ve cells showed an increase in expression of antioxidants (superoxide dismutase 2 or SOD2, Catalase and Glutathione Peroxidase or GPX) and notable endothelial markers (PECAM1, VEGF-A, and NOS3).	Superoxides	92-102	CD34 molecule	Homo sapiens	28-32
33673360-2	2021	Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (Nox) is the major source of placental superoxide in early pregnancy and its activation with the subsequent formation of superoxide has been demonstrated for various agents including Transforming Growth Factor beta-1 (TGF-beta1), a well-known p38 MAPK pathway activator.	Superoxides	99-109	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	243-276
33673360-2	2021	Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (Nox) is the major source of placental superoxide in early pregnancy and its activation with the subsequent formation of superoxide has been demonstrated for various agents including Transforming Growth Factor beta-1 (TGF-beta1), a well-known p38 MAPK pathway activator.	Superoxides	99-109	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	278-287
33673360-2	2021	Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (Nox) is the major source of placental superoxide in early pregnancy and its activation with the subsequent formation of superoxide has been demonstrated for various agents including Transforming Growth Factor beta-1 (TGF-beta1), a well-known p38 MAPK pathway activator.	Superoxides	181-191	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	0-59
33673360-2	2021	Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (Nox) is the major source of placental superoxide in early pregnancy and its activation with the subsequent formation of superoxide has been demonstrated for various agents including Transforming Growth Factor beta-1 (TGF-beta1), a well-known p38 MAPK pathway activator.	Superoxides	181-191	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	243-276
33673360-2	2021	Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (Nox) is the major source of placental superoxide in early pregnancy and its activation with the subsequent formation of superoxide has been demonstrated for various agents including Transforming Growth Factor beta-1 (TGF-beta1), a well-known p38 MAPK pathway activator.	Superoxides	181-191	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	278-287
33267663-2	2021	Approach and Results: 3KO mice displayed significantly reduced platelet superoxide radical generation, which was associated with impaired platelet aggregation, adhesion, and thrombus formation in response to the key agonists collagen and thrombin.	Superoxides	72-90	coagulation factor II	Mus musculus	238-246
33079465-4	2021	The nanozyme prevents the mitochondrial damage in SOD1 and SOD2-depleted cells by regulating the superoxide levels and restores the physiological levels of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins.	Superoxides	97-107	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	50-54
33426618-10	2021	Alternatively, we did observe a uniform increase in superoxide build-up in cellular mitochondria, which was released as a propagating wave simultaneously with the propagating recruitment of BAX to the mitochondrial outer membrane.	Superoxides	52-62	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	190-193
33360774-6	2021	Pretreatment with the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling inhibitors IWR-1-endo (IWR) and ICG-001 abolished aFGF-mediated attenuation of mitochondrial superoxide generation and endothelial protection.	Superoxides	142-152	fibroblast growth factor 1	Mus musculus	99-103
33360774-9	2021	The role of HXK2 in aFGF-mediated attenuation of mitochondrial superoxide levels and EC protection was further confirmed by si-Hxk2 and a cell-permeable form of hexokinase II VDAC binding domain (HXK2VBD) peptide, which inhibits mitochondrial localization of HXK2.	Superoxides	63-73	fibroblast growth factor 1	Mus musculus	20-24
33360774-10	2021	Taken together, these findings suggest that the endothelial protective effect of aFGF under diabetic conditions could be partly attributed to its role in suppressing mitochondrial superoxide generation via HXK2, which is mediated by the Wnt/beta-catenin/c-Myc axis.	Superoxides	180-190	fibroblast growth factor 1	Mus musculus	81-85
33259795-2	2021	To combat this threat, the cell employs the enzyme Cu/Zn Superoxide Dismutase (SOD1), which can convert the radical superoxide into molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, through redox reactions.	Superoxides	116-126	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	51-77
33259795-2	2021	To combat this threat, the cell employs the enzyme Cu/Zn Superoxide Dismutase (SOD1), which can convert the radical superoxide into molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, through redox reactions.	Superoxides	116-126	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	79-83
33355632-8	2021	In renal fibroblasts, palmitic acid (PA; 50-200 microM) and angiotensin II (Ang II; 10-8-10-6M) promoted extracellular matrix, superoxide anion production and inflammatory markers upregulation.	Superoxides	127-143	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	60-94
33218686-1	2021	Cu/Zn Superoxide Dismutase (Sod1) catalyzes the disproportionation of cytotoxic superoxide radicals (O2 -) into oxygen (O2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a key signaling molecule.	Superoxides	80-90	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-26
33360774-5	2021	We found that aFGF markedly decreased mitochondrial superoxide generation in both db/db mice and endothelial cells incubated with high glucose (30 mM) plus palmitic acid (PA, 0.1 mM), and restored diabetes-impaired Wnt/beta-catenin signaling.	Superoxides	52-62	fibroblast growth factor 1	Mus musculus	14-18
33519483-9	2020	Thus, our data indicated that FMN inhibited hyperglycemia-induced superoxide overproduction by activating the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway.	Superoxides	66-76	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	110-114
33430172-7	2021	The generation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide was increased in aortas from CETP transgenic mice, while silencing CETP in cultured human aortic endothelial cells effectively decreased oxidative stress promoted by all major sources of ROS: mitochondria and NOX2.	Superoxides	18-28	cholesteryl ester transfer protein	Homo sapiens	80-84
33218686-1	2021	Cu/Zn Superoxide Dismutase (Sod1) catalyzes the disproportionation of cytotoxic superoxide radicals (O2 -) into oxygen (O2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a key signaling molecule.	Superoxides	80-90	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
33141062-2	2021	Majority of in vitro studies on the functioning of NADPH oxidase indirectly follows the enzymatic reaction by the superoxide reduction of cytochrome c (cyt c).	Superoxides	114-124	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	138-150
33141062-2	2021	Majority of in vitro studies on the functioning of NADPH oxidase indirectly follows the enzymatic reaction by the superoxide reduction of cytochrome c (cyt c).	Superoxides	114-124	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	152-157
33197763-5	2021	Decreased activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were markedly reversed upon treatment with cbFeD while levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) were significantly restored towards normal values.	Superoxides	24-34	catalase	Mus musculus	65-68
32927156-6	2021	Meanwhile, SO2 pretreatment increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD), and effectively reduced the content of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in drought-treated wheat seedlings, suggesting SO2 could alleviate drought-induced oxidative damage by enhancing antioxidant defense system in plants.	Superoxides	56-66	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	78-81
33237755-0	2020	Oxidative Damage of Tryptophan Hydroxylase-2 Mediated by Peroxisomal Superoxide Anion Radical in Brains of Mouse with Depression.	Superoxides	69-93	tryptophan hydroxylase 2	Mus musculus	20-44
33535822-8	2021	Furthermore, compared with control-aptamer-treated mice, renal carboxymethyllysine, RAGE, and NADPH oxidase-driven superoxide generation were significantly decreased in RAGE-aptamer-treated mice at 12 weeks old with subsequent amelioration of histological alterations in glomerular and interstitial area, while adipose tissue adiponectin expression was increased.	Superoxides	115-125	advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor	Mus musculus	169-173
33009206-2	2021	Superoxide anion radicals, the main product of ROS, can be reduced by manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) to hydrogen peroxide, which is further reduced by catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) to water.	Superoxides	0-16	catalase	Homo sapiens	158-166
33009206-2	2021	Superoxide anion radicals, the main product of ROS, can be reduced by manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) to hydrogen peroxide, which is further reduced by catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) to water.	Superoxides	0-16	catalase	Homo sapiens	168-171
33169683-8	2021	NaHS increased the expression of the cytoprotective nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its subsequent antioxidant proteins; heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NAD(P) H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), reduced glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	241-251	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	52-95
33169683-8	2021	NaHS increased the expression of the cytoprotective nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its subsequent antioxidant proteins; heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NAD(P) H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), reduced glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	241-251	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	97-101
32827682-5	2020	NOX1 down-regulation could decrease the content of Malondialdehyde (MDA), Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, and up-regulate superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity.	Superoxides	167-177	NADPH oxidase 1	Sus scrofa	0-4
33362711-12	2020	Spermatozoa with LP correlated positively with the percentage of spermatozoa with increased mitochondrial superoxide (r = 0.11, p < 0.01) In conclusion, these findings in a large number of men suggest that age, mitochondrial damage, and alteration of chromatin compactness could activate the apoptotic cascade which could result in an increased fDNA rate.	Superoxides	106-116	renin binding protein	Homo sapiens	58-61
33298526-5	2021	Using these reagents, here we have determined how enhanced generation of mitochondrial superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, or disruption of mitochondrial thiol homeostasis affect activation of the Nrf2 system in cells, which was assessed by Nrf2 protein level, nuclear translocation and expression of its target genes.	Superoxides	87-97	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	195-199
33095057-12	2020	Mitochondrial superoxide scavenger also effectively abrogated ERK activation and osteogenic differentiation of VSMCs by high Pi.	Superoxides	14-24	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	62-65
33011272-3	2020	Activation of NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX-2) in neutrophils by stimulators of protein kinase C (PKC), such as phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), results in the rapid generation of superoxide at the expense of oxidation of NADPH to NADP+.	Superoxides	171-181	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	71-87
33011272-3	2020	Activation of NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX-2) in neutrophils by stimulators of protein kinase C (PKC), such as phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), results in the rapid generation of superoxide at the expense of oxidation of NADPH to NADP+.	Superoxides	171-181	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	89-92
33011272-11	2020	Activation of NADK by PKC in phagocytic cells could be critical for the rapid provision of sufficient levels of superoxide for host defence against invading microorganisms.	Superoxides	112-122	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	22-25
33320165-5	2020	The trends obtained from both SOD and GSH assays were indicators of therapeutic defence against oxidative stress via neutralizing superoxide anions (SOA).	Superoxides	130-147	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	30-33
33012204-7	2020	In human aortic endothelial cells stimulated with Ang II plus TNF (tumor necrosis factor)-alpha, mito2HOBA reduced mitochondrial superoxide and cardiolipin oxidation, a specific marker of mitochondrial oxidative stress.	Superoxides	129-139	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	62-95
32354273-7	2020	Knockdown of p22phox abolished the increase in superoxide after GW9508 and linoleic acid.	Superoxides	47-57	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Rattus norvegicus	13-20
33298902-5	2020	ROS, including mitochondrial superoxide, led to the oxidation of RIP1, as well as formation and activation of the necrosome.	Superoxides	29-39	receptor (TNFRSF)-interacting serine-threonine kinase 1	Mus musculus	65-69
32072720-4	2020	These synthetic miR-214 s were synthesized by various chemical modifications (such as 4"-aminoethyl-2"-fluoro, 2"-fluoro, 2"-O-methyl, phosphorothioate, and oligospermine modifications) of the wild-type mature miR-214 sequences.	Superoxides	122-133	microRNA 214	Canis lupus familiaris	16-23
33064449-6	2020	We use a protein corona formed from superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme that scavenges superoxide, to probe the relationship between TiO2 particles and superoxide generation.	Superoxides	36-46	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	58-61
32758662-4	2020	Superoxide is produced by the phagocyte NADPH oxidase, a complex enzyme composed of two membrane subunits, gp91phox or NOX2 and p22phox, and four cytosolic components p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and Rac2.	Superoxides	0-10	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	198-202
33064449-6	2020	We use a protein corona formed from superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme that scavenges superoxide, to probe the relationship between TiO2 particles and superoxide generation.	Superoxides	89-99	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	36-56
33064449-6	2020	We use a protein corona formed from superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme that scavenges superoxide, to probe the relationship between TiO2 particles and superoxide generation.	Superoxides	89-99	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	58-61
33241128-5	2020	DEN/CCl4 - induced oxidative stress was confirmed by elevated levels of lipid peroxidation and decreased levels of superoxide dismutase, glutathione-S-transferase, and reduced glutathione.	Superoxides	115-125	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Rattus norvegicus	4-8
33204397-8	2020	The inhibition of NQO1 by dicoumarol increased mitochondrial superoxide and sensitized cancer cells to M/A.	Superoxides	61-71	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	18-22
32758880-4	2020	Like Ang (1-7), alamandine is a vasodilator and can counteract the effects of Ang II by increasing nitric oxide release from the endothelium and decreasing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NADPH)-related superoxide production.	Superoxides	224-234	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	156-207
33073372-5	2020	Ginsenoside Rb2 reduced myocardial superoxide generation; downregulated gp91phox expression; and decreased the mRNA expression levels and activities of interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.	Superoxides	35-45	RB transcriptional corepressor like 2	Rattus norvegicus	12-15
32901881-6	2020	The present results suggested that the expression levels of Trx, Txnip and ITCH in HLECs cultured with different glucose concentrations were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting, and the apoptotic rate of the cells was detected by flow cytometry and superoxide detection assay.	Superoxides	285-295	itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase	Homo sapiens	75-79
33195253-6	2020	Specifically, LacCer forms Lyn-coupled lipid microdomains, which mediate neutrophil chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and superoxide generation, whereas PtdGlc-enriched microdomains mediate neutrophil differentiation and spontaneous apoptosis.	Superoxides	114-124	LYN proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	27-30
31907585-10	2020	Inhibition of ALAS1 by ALAS1 siRNA decreased heme and mitochondrial superoxide levels, results in inhibition of doxorubicin-induced apoptosis.	Superoxides	68-78	5'-aminolevulinate synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	14-19
31907585-10	2020	Inhibition of ALAS1 by ALAS1 siRNA decreased heme and mitochondrial superoxide levels, results in inhibition of doxorubicin-induced apoptosis.	Superoxides	68-78	5'-aminolevulinate synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	23-28
32915316-8	2020	Renal infusion of capsaicin promoted p65-NFkappaB phosphorylation and IL-1beta production in the PVN, which were prevented by PVN microinjection of NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin or the superoxide anion scavenger tempol.	Superoxides	188-204	synaptotagmin 1	Rattus norvegicus	37-40
32915316-8	2020	Renal infusion of capsaicin promoted p65-NFkappaB phosphorylation and IL-1beta production in the PVN, which were prevented by PVN microinjection of NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin or the superoxide anion scavenger tempol.	Superoxides	188-204	interleukin 1 alpha	Rattus norvegicus	70-78
32915316-12	2020	The IL-1beta production in the PVN is dependent on the AT1R-mediated superoxide anion generation and NFkappaB activation.	Superoxides	69-85	interleukin 1 alpha	Rattus norvegicus	4-12
33128532-6	2022	Treatment with MPL flavonoids, especially at a dose of 200 mg/kg, attenuated CCl4-induced increases in alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1beta, and interleukin-6, as well as reductions in superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase.	Superoxides	334-344	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Rattus norvegicus	77-81
32971034-12	2020	Thus, our findings reveal a new possible mechanism of the protective action of alpha-2 adrenergic agonists against ammonium-induced hyperexcitation and demonstrate the correlation between intracellular calcium concentration, mitochondrial membrane potential, pHi, the intensity of superoxide production in hippocampal cells under acute hyperammonemia.	Superoxides	281-291	glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2	Homo sapiens	79-86
33114493-1	2020	BACKGROUND: The superoxide-generating enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX2 or gp91phox, the phagocytic isoform) was reported as a major source of oxidative stress in various human diseases.	Superoxides	16-26	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	45-104
33096711-0	2020	Tafazzin Mutation Affecting Cardiolipin Leads to Increased Mitochondrial Superoxide Anions and Mitophagy Inhibition in Barth Syndrome.	Superoxides	73-90	tafazzin, phospholipid-lysophospholipid transacylase	Homo sapiens	0-8
32860873-4	2020	Among other pathways, HO-1 expression is stimulated by the Nrf2/Keap1 system which senses electrophilic compounds including alkylating agents and reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide or hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	184-194	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	59-63
32860873-4	2020	Among other pathways, HO-1 expression is stimulated by the Nrf2/Keap1 system which senses electrophilic compounds including alkylating agents and reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide or hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	184-194	kelch like ECH associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	64-69
33320587-6	2020	Remarkably, the generation of singlet oxygen and a superoxide radical by HexakisaminoC60 was found to be markedly elevated in the presence of bovine serum albumin and NADH, respectively.	Superoxides	51-69	albumin	Homo sapiens	149-162
33049519-2	2020	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), a nuclear-encoded antioxidant enzyme, catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide radicals (O2 -) in mitochondria.	Superoxides	107-126	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	0-30
33019780-1	2020	This study was aimed at evaluating the changes in the concentration and activity of all superoxide dismutase isoenzymes (SOD1, SOD2, SOD3) in the blood of patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) and healthy subjects, taking into account the extracellular (plasma) and intracellular (erythrocyte lysate) compartment.	Superoxides	88-98	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	121-125
33019780-1	2020	This study was aimed at evaluating the changes in the concentration and activity of all superoxide dismutase isoenzymes (SOD1, SOD2, SOD3) in the blood of patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) and healthy subjects, taking into account the extracellular (plasma) and intracellular (erythrocyte lysate) compartment.	Superoxides	88-98	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	133-137
33027675-6	2020	Scavenging paramagnetic byproducts of oxygen metabolism with SOD2 in hepatic mitochondria fully abolishes these insulin sensitizing effects, demonstrating that mitochondrial superoxide mediates induction of these therapeutic changes.	Superoxides	174-184	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	61-65
32631692-9	2020	CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that inhibition of superoxide damage to RGCs through regulation of the Akt/BAD pathway is one of the mechanisms by which OECs and alpha-crystallin promote optic nerve recovery after injury.	Superoxides	55-65	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	107-110
32045933-4	2020	RESULTS: MCAD-deficient fibroblasts showed increased level of mitochondrial superoxide, while lipids were less oxidatively damaged, and higher amount of manganese superoxide dismutase were detected compared to healthy controls, showing forceful antioxidant system in MCADD.	Superoxides	76-86	acyl-CoA dehydrogenase medium chain	Homo sapiens	9-13
33049519-2	2020	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), a nuclear-encoded antioxidant enzyme, catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide radicals (O2 -) in mitochondria.	Superoxides	107-126	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	32-37
32502471-7	2020	In addition, we observed a decreased activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced levels of thioredoxin (TRX) that parallel the decreased Nrf2-DNA binding.	Superoxides	49-59	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	144-148
32942306-7	2020	In addition, cytoplasmic irradiation elevated the level of cellular mitochondrial superoxide, which enhanced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK 1/2) and its mediated nuclear accumulation of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2).	Superoxides	82-92	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	132-174
32942306-7	2020	In addition, cytoplasmic irradiation elevated the level of cellular mitochondrial superoxide, which enhanced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK 1/2) and its mediated nuclear accumulation of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2).	Superoxides	82-92	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	176-183
32942306-7	2020	In addition, cytoplasmic irradiation elevated the level of cellular mitochondrial superoxide, which enhanced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK 1/2) and its mediated nuclear accumulation of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2).	Superoxides	82-92	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	271-275
32942306-9	2020	Overall, we showed that cytoplasmic irradiation induces radio-adaptive responses and that mitochondrial superoxide/ERK 1/2/NRF2 signaling is a mechanism.	Superoxides	104-114	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	115-122
32942306-9	2020	Overall, we showed that cytoplasmic irradiation induces radio-adaptive responses and that mitochondrial superoxide/ERK 1/2/NRF2 signaling is a mechanism.	Superoxides	104-114	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	123-127
32561290-11	2020	These could be due to attenuation of the overproduction of superoxide, NO, and IL-6, which were attributed to reduction of the overexpression of iNOS and Wnt5a.	Superoxides	59-69	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	145-149
32927603-3	2020	Several findings show that superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) enzyme has effects that go beyond its superoxide dismutase activity and that its functions are not limited to the intracellular compartment.	Superoxides	27-37	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	51-55
32561290-11	2020	These could be due to attenuation of the overproduction of superoxide, NO, and IL-6, which were attributed to reduction of the overexpression of iNOS and Wnt5a.	Superoxides	59-69	Wnt family member 5A	Rattus norvegicus	154-159
32066884-2	2020	Among the first line of defense against oxidative stress is the dismutation of superoxide radicals, which in the mitochondria is carried out by manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2).	Superoxides	79-89	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	176-180
32066884-2	2020	Among the first line of defense against oxidative stress is the dismutation of superoxide radicals, which in the mitochondria is carried out by manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2).	Superoxides	144-164	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	176-180
32986376-8	2020	Also, treatment with ASCex has markedly down-regulated the mRNA expression levels of Nuclear Factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB), a nuclear transcriptional activator as well as the mRNA expression of the cytoplasmic SOD1 gene which encodes Cu/Zn SOD, the first line defense against superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	273-283	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	207-211
32791328-2	2020	By genetic screening, we found that NADPH oxidases (Nox and Duox) associated with superoxide anion (O -2) are responsible for caspase-3 activation and delamination.	Superoxides	82-98	Dual oxidase	Drosophila melanogaster	60-64
31786752-10	2020	On the other hand, the Nrf2 signaling pathway involves improving the antioxidant capacity by promoting the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	160-170	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	23-27
32716562-7	2020	In Neuro-2a cells, ZIP12 deficiency by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) depletion or CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing resulted in impaired mitochondrial function, increased superoxide presence, and detectable protein carbonylation.	Superoxides	160-170	solute carrier family 39 (zinc transporter), member 12	Mus musculus	19-24
32705166-9	2020	It is well known that the increased expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase results in nitric oxide overproduction, which then rapidly reacts with hydrogen peroxide or superoxide generated by the mitochondria, to form highly reactive and harmful peroxynitrite, which ultimately induces nitrotyrosine formation.	Superoxides	174-184	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	50-81
32705166-12	2020	Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the mechanisms that further increase mitochondrial superoxide generation (e.g., the inhibition of Cx43 translocation into the mitochondria) significantly accelerate the occurrence of cell death.	Superoxides	88-98	gap junction protein, alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	135-139
32750667-10	2020	In addition, mdivi-1-dependent proteolytic processing of L-OPA1 was associated with increased mitochondrial superoxide production and altered expression of mitochondrial serine/proteases.	Superoxides	108-118	OPA1 mitochondrial dynamin like GTPase	Homo sapiens	59-63
32599261-7	2020	Our data showed that inhibition of Cx43 translocation to mitochondria, obtained by radicicol pre-treatment, significantly increases cytosolic and mitochondrial superoxide formation, mitochondrial membrane depolarization and the consequent apoptosis induced by Trastuzumab.	Superoxides	160-170	gap junction protein, alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	35-39
32806077-5	2020	Besides, KD8@N-MCNs have both superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, which can scavenge intracellular superfluous reactive oxygen species and alleviate neuroinflammation in vivo.	Superoxides	30-40	catalase	Homo sapiens	55-63
32841160-15	2020	Additionally, the activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and reduced glutathione was enhanced to 53.06, 40, 52.22 and 38.49%, respectively.	Superoxides	50-60	catalase	Mus musculus	72-80
32801360-3	2020	In vitro studies reveal that blocking autophagy with 3MA, bafilomycin A1 or by knocking down ATG5 with SiRNA inhibits silibinin-induced mitochondrial accumulation of superoxide, AIF translocation from mitochondria to nuclei and glioma cell death.	Superoxides	166-176	autophagy related 5	Homo sapiens	93-97
32801360-7	2020	Knockdown of BNIP3 with SiRNA inhibits silibinin-induced mitochondrial depolarization, accumulation of mitochondrial superoxide, and AIF translocation from mitochondria to nuclei, as well as prevents glioma cell death.	Superoxides	117-127	BCL2 interacting protein 3	Homo sapiens	13-18
32302669-3	2020	In this study, by using live cell imaging and biochemical approaches, we demonstrate that IFN-gamma plus high glucose augment endothelial connexin43 hemichannel activity, resulting in the increase of ATP release, ATP-mediated Ca2+ dynamics and production of nitric oxide and superoxide anion, as well as impaired insulin-mediated uptake and intercellular diffusion of glucose and cell survival.	Superoxides	275-291	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	90-99
32850409-2	2020	Human melanomas often show hyperactivity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and NADPH oxidase (NOX), which, respectively, generate nitric oxide (NO   ) and superoxide (O2  - ).	Superoxides	152-162	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	44-65
32756530-2	2020	The most common ROS, such as superoxide radical (O2-.) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), are scavenged by superoxide dismutase, peroxiredoxins, and catalase.	Superoxides	29-47	catalase	Homo sapiens	144-152
32087270-7	2020	However, SOD1 and SOD2 activities are inhibited, leading to increased superoxide anion level, which in turn causes DNA strand breaks.	Superoxides	70-86	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	9-13
32087270-7	2020	However, SOD1 and SOD2 activities are inhibited, leading to increased superoxide anion level, which in turn causes DNA strand breaks.	Superoxides	70-86	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	18-22
33096425-1	2020	Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) binds copper and zinc ions and is one of three superoxide dismutases responsible for destroying free superoxide radicals in the body.	Superoxides	77-87	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	0-22
33096425-1	2020	Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) binds copper and zinc ions and is one of three superoxide dismutases responsible for destroying free superoxide radicals in the body.	Superoxides	77-87	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	24-28
32222623-7	2020	Mechanistically, we provide compelling evidence that PM2.5 reduces SOD2 expression through activation of Akt pathway, which leads to a disruption of mitochondrial redox homeostasis characterized by increased accumulation of mitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	238-248	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	105-108
31933062-6	2020	Knockout of USP15 significantly reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in HT22 cells under the exposure to glutamate treatment.	Superoxides	104-114	ubiquitin specific peptidase 15	Mus musculus	12-17
32394347-1	2020	Mice lacking the superoxide anion scavenger CuZn superoxide dismutase (Sod1-/- mice) develop a number of age-related phenotypes, including an early progression of muscle atrophy and weakness (sarcopenia) associated with loss of innervation.	Superoxides	17-33	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	71-75
32073833-2	2020	The reaction of the copper(I) complex of N,N,N",N"-tetramethypropylenediamine with a series of para-substituted nitrosobenzene derivatives leads to adducts in which the nitrosoarene (ArNO) is reduced by zero, one, or two electrons, akin to the isovalent species dioxygen, superoxide, and peroxide, respectively.	Superoxides	272-282	cytohesin 2	Homo sapiens	183-187
32639881-6	2020	Moreover, Ang II-infused wild-type mice had increased blood pressure, AF inducibility, atrial diameter, fibrosis, infiltration of macrophages, and superoxide production compared with saline-treated wild-type mice, whereas these effects were significantly attenuated in CXCR-2 knockout mice and wild-type mice transplanted with CXCR-2-deficient bone marrow cells or treated with SB225002.	Superoxides	147-157	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	10-16
32700888-6	2022	The activities of SOD and MDA were detected by total superoxide dismutase assay kit and malondialdehyde assay kit.	Superoxides	53-63	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	18-21
32227083-7	2020	NBT staining and pharmacological experiments indicate that ILA induces superoxide formation of the wild type and of an SA-deficient (NahG sid2) line.	Superoxides	71-81	ILITYHIA	Arabidopsis thaliana	59-62
32401607-7	2020	After 12 wk Western diet, ESMIRO/ApoE-/-/Nox2-/y mice had reduced EC superoxide generation and greater aortic relaxation to acetylcholine.	Superoxides	69-79	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	33-37
32443183-3	2020	The aims of this study were to examine the association between maternal Mn level and the risk of SPB at the early stage of pregnancy, and investigate whether this association was modified by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT).	Superoxides	242-252	catalase	Homo sapiens	283-286
32334145-4	2020	XO is a major generator of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide that subsequently trigger a cascade of oxidative radical pathways, including those produced by LPO, which have bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects against pathogens including opportunistic bacteria.	Superoxides	49-59	lactoperoxidase	Homo sapiens	155-158
32475319-9	2020	Taken together, these results provide new evidence for a physiological role of PT mitochondrial Ang II/AT1a/superoxide/NHE3 and Ang II/AT2/NO/NHE3 signaling pathways in maintaining blood pressure homeostasis.	Superoxides	108-118	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Mus musculus	103-107
32475319-9	2020	Taken together, these results provide new evidence for a physiological role of PT mitochondrial Ang II/AT1a/superoxide/NHE3 and Ang II/AT2/NO/NHE3 signaling pathways in maintaining blood pressure homeostasis.	Superoxides	108-118	solute carrier family 9 (sodium/hydrogen exchanger), member 3	Mus musculus	119-123
32388268-5	2020	Mechanistically, overexpression of Hsp22 attenuates hypoxia-induced oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondrial and the high rate of superoxide production.	Superoxides	132-142	heat shock protein family B (small) member 8	Homo sapiens	35-40
32529856-3	2022	An electrochemical, enzymatic biosensor based on cytochrome c (cyt c) was selected to measure reactive oxygen species (ROS), including hydrogen peroxide and super oxides, due to the stability of signal over time.	Superoxides	157-169	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	49-61
32212239-9	2020	Functionally, charge regulation would allow SOD1"s "electrostatic loop" to attract superoxide equally regardless of redox state during the diffusion-limited reduction and oxidation of superoxide.	Superoxides	83-93	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	44-48
32212239-9	2020	Functionally, charge regulation would allow SOD1"s "electrostatic loop" to attract superoxide equally regardless of redox state during the diffusion-limited reduction and oxidation of superoxide.	Superoxides	184-194	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	44-48
32529856-3	2022	An electrochemical, enzymatic biosensor based on cytochrome c (cyt c) was selected to measure reactive oxygen species (ROS), including hydrogen peroxide and super oxides, due to the stability of signal over time.	Superoxides	157-169	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	63-68
32092308-1	2020	The non-activating allosteric modulator AZ1729, specific for free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2), transfers the orthosteric FFAR2 agonists propionate and the P2Y2R specific agonist ATP into activating ligands that trigger an assembly of the neutrophil superoxide generating NADPH-oxidase.	Superoxides	251-261	free fatty acid receptor 2	Homo sapiens	61-87
32526922-5	2020	Furthermore, results of immunohistochemistry showed that the nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB/p65 and tyrosine nitration of cytoplasmic protein were stimulated by zoledronate, while MPMBP inhibited these phenomena, by acting as a superoxide anion (O2-) scavenger.	Superoxides	232-248	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	86-96
32092308-1	2020	The non-activating allosteric modulator AZ1729, specific for free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2), transfers the orthosteric FFAR2 agonists propionate and the P2Y2R specific agonist ATP into activating ligands that trigger an assembly of the neutrophil superoxide generating NADPH-oxidase.	Superoxides	251-261	free fatty acid receptor 2	Homo sapiens	89-94
32092308-1	2020	The non-activating allosteric modulator AZ1729, specific for free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2), transfers the orthosteric FFAR2 agonists propionate and the P2Y2R specific agonist ATP into activating ligands that trigger an assembly of the neutrophil superoxide generating NADPH-oxidase.	Superoxides	251-261	free fatty acid receptor 2	Homo sapiens	123-128
32565731-5	2020	Treatment with catalase and polyethylene glycol covalently linked to superoxide dismutase (PEG-SOD) to individually remove H2O2 and O2  - or treatment with the AR inhibitor epalrestat decreased ROS and H2O2, increased NO levels and TAC, and reduced vWF release.	Superoxides	69-79	von Willebrand factor	Homo sapiens	249-252
31814456-7	2020	MI-1 and D1 acted like antioxidants in inflamed colonic tissue, as evidenced by reduce of lipid and protein peroxidation products (by 43-67%) and increase of superoxide dismutase activity (by 40 and 58%) with restoring these values to control ones.	Superoxides	158-168	midline 1	Homo sapiens	0-11
31758207-3	2020	The results showed that after treatment of D-GalN/LPS-stimulated hepatocytes with 2.5-20 muM apigenin, the supernatant alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferasein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and malondialdehyde levels and intracellular nuclear factor-kappaB protein expression were decreased, while the supernatant superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) levels, intracellular PPARgamma and inhibitor of kappa B-alpha protein expressions, and nucleus Nrf-2 protein expression were increased.	Superoxides	328-338	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	50-53
32014500-6	2020	The elevated levels of H2O2 (a biomarker of oxidative stress) and the free radicals (NO  and O2 -) reduced the concentration of dominant pathogens and regulated ROS/RNS/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mTOR pathway by affecting p-AMPK, Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1).	Superoxides	25-27	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	205-209
32014500-6	2020	The elevated levels of H2O2 (a biomarker of oxidative stress) and the free radicals (NO  and O2 -) reduced the concentration of dominant pathogens and regulated ROS/RNS/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mTOR pathway by affecting p-AMPK, Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1).	Superoxides	25-27	RUNX family transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	239-274
32014500-6	2020	The elevated levels of H2O2 (a biomarker of oxidative stress) and the free radicals (NO  and O2 -) reduced the concentration of dominant pathogens and regulated ROS/RNS/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mTOR pathway by affecting p-AMPK, Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1).	Superoxides	25-27	RUNX family transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	276-281
31778733-9	2020	Results clearly showed that O3 exposure increased both transcript and protein levels of the main inflammasome complex, such as ASC and caspase-1.	Superoxides	28-30	caspase 1	Homo sapiens	135-144
32014500-6	2020	The elevated levels of H2O2 (a biomarker of oxidative stress) and the free radicals (NO  and O2 -) reduced the concentration of dominant pathogens and regulated ROS/RNS/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mTOR pathway by affecting p-AMPK, Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1).	Superoxides	25-27	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	284-309
32014500-6	2020	The elevated levels of H2O2 (a biomarker of oxidative stress) and the free radicals (NO  and O2 -) reduced the concentration of dominant pathogens and regulated ROS/RNS/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mTOR pathway by affecting p-AMPK, Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1).	Superoxides	25-27	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	311-314
32014500-6	2020	The elevated levels of H2O2 (a biomarker of oxidative stress) and the free radicals (NO  and O2 -) reduced the concentration of dominant pathogens and regulated ROS/RNS/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mTOR pathway by affecting p-AMPK, Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1).	Superoxides	25-27	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	316-345
32014500-6	2020	The elevated levels of H2O2 (a biomarker of oxidative stress) and the free radicals (NO  and O2 -) reduced the concentration of dominant pathogens and regulated ROS/RNS/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mTOR pathway by affecting p-AMPK, Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1).	Superoxides	25-27	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	347-351
32477123-9	2020	Analysis of structural components of rafts, such as caveolin-1 and flotillin-1, showed that the action of SMase D on cell membranes leads to a reduction in caveolin-1, which is possibly degraded by toxin-induced superoxide production in cells.	Superoxides	212-222	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	156-166
32429083-10	2020	Moreover, the extract promoted the expression of endogenous antioxidants, such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase through the Nrf-2 pathway evaluated by RT-PCR.	Superoxides	92-102	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	153-158
32499803-4	2020	Under normoxia, AOX was important to maintain respiratory carbon flow, to prevent the mitochondrial generation of superoxide and nitric oxide (NO), to control lipid peroxidation and protein S-nitrosylation, and possibly to reduce the inhibition of cyt oxidase by NO.	Superoxides	114-124	ubiquinol oxidase 1, mitochondrial	Nicotiana tabacum	16-19
32499803-5	2020	Under hypoxia, AOX was again important in preventing superoxide generation and lipid peroxidation, but now contributed positively to NO amount.	Superoxides	53-63	ubiquinol oxidase 1, mitochondrial	Nicotiana tabacum	15-18
32499803-7	2020	Alternatively, it may indicate that AOX activity simply reduces the amount of superoxide scavenging of NO, by reducing the availability of superoxide.	Superoxides	78-88	ubiquinol oxidase 1, mitochondrial	Nicotiana tabacum	36-39
32499803-7	2020	Alternatively, it may indicate that AOX activity simply reduces the amount of superoxide scavenging of NO, by reducing the availability of superoxide.	Superoxides	139-149	ubiquinol oxidase 1, mitochondrial	Nicotiana tabacum	36-39
32483451-7	2020	The released SOD-Fe0 and Lapa were further endocytosed by tumor cells and the Lapa produces superoxide anion (O2 - ) through the catalysis of NQO1 that is overexpressed in tumor cells, while O2 -  is converted to H2O2 via SOD.	Superoxides	92-108	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	13-20
32483451-7	2020	The released SOD-Fe0 and Lapa were further endocytosed by tumor cells and the Lapa produces superoxide anion (O2 - ) through the catalysis of NQO1 that is overexpressed in tumor cells, while O2 -  is converted to H2O2 via SOD.	Superoxides	92-108	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	142-146
32483451-7	2020	The released SOD-Fe0 and Lapa were further endocytosed by tumor cells and the Lapa produces superoxide anion (O2 - ) through the catalysis of NQO1 that is overexpressed in tumor cells, while O2 -  is converted to H2O2 via SOD.	Superoxides	92-108	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	13-16
32509148-5	2020	Exogenous FNDC5 attenuated Ang II-induced superoxide generation, NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) and NLRP3 upregulation, mature caspase-1, and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) production in A7R5 cells.	Superoxides	42-52	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	27-33
32061681-1	2020	We recently reported that constitutive ablation of cyclophilin-D (Cyp-D) in mice reduces oxygen consumption (VO2) while paradoxically increasing exercise endurance, thereby demonstrating increased O2 utilization efficiency.	Superoxides	110-112	peptidylprolyl isomerase F (cyclophilin F)	Mus musculus	51-64
32061681-1	2020	We recently reported that constitutive ablation of cyclophilin-D (Cyp-D) in mice reduces oxygen consumption (VO2) while paradoxically increasing exercise endurance, thereby demonstrating increased O2 utilization efficiency.	Superoxides	110-112	peptidylprolyl isomerase F (cyclophilin F)	Mus musculus	66-71
32245890-10	2020	Mechanistically, we found that cells that exclusively express L-OPA1 generate more superoxide and are more sensitive to Ca2+-induced mitochondrial permeability transition, suggesting that S-OPA1, and not L-OPA1, protects against cellular stress.	Superoxides	83-93	OPA1 mitochondrial dynamin like GTPase	Homo sapiens	64-68
32353034-0	2020	Analyzing structural alterations of mitochondrial intermembrane space superoxide scavengers cytochrome-c and SOD1 after methylglyoxal treatment.	Superoxides	70-80	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	92-104
31894427-8	2020	VEGF mRNA expression did not increase during in vitro cell differentiation under 21% O2, but slightly increased under 2.5% O2 only at 24 h. VEGF-A monomer was not detected in the cell lysates and in the concentrated supernatants, while a ~ 42 KDa band corresponding to the precursor L-VEGF was detected in all the cellular extracts.	Superoxides	123-125	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	0-4
31867846-1	2020	AIMS: Mutations in DNA/RNA-binding factor (fused-in-sarcoma) FUS and superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1) cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).	Superoxides	69-79	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	93-98
32323757-6	2020	However, it inhibits the fMLP-dependent superoxide generation, elastase release and cell migration, and interferes with the process of calcium flux, supporting the idea that plant Cu-AO can interact with human neutrophils to modulate their inflammatory function.	Superoxides	40-50	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	25-29
32007503-8	2020	RESULTS: Basal expression of SOD2 but not SOD1 was largely reduced in TLR2/4dKO compared to WT chondrocytes, correlated with significantly enhanced menadione-induced mitochondrial superoxide generation (2.85 to 3.92 and 3.39 to 8.97 with mean difference 3.39 and 6.18 for 25 and 50 muM menadione, respectively) and phosphorylation of H2AX.	Superoxides	180-190	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	29-33
32220789-1	2020	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EcSOD) is the only extracellular scavenger of superoxide anion (O2.-) with unique binding capacity to cell surface and extracellular matrix through its heparin-binding domain.	Superoxides	82-98	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	0-34
32220789-1	2020	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EcSOD) is the only extracellular scavenger of superoxide anion (O2.-) with unique binding capacity to cell surface and extracellular matrix through its heparin-binding domain.	Superoxides	82-98	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-41
32220789-1	2020	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EcSOD) is the only extracellular scavenger of superoxide anion (O2.-) with unique binding capacity to cell surface and extracellular matrix through its heparin-binding domain.	Superoxides	100-102	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	0-34
32220789-1	2020	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EcSOD) is the only extracellular scavenger of superoxide anion (O2.-) with unique binding capacity to cell surface and extracellular matrix through its heparin-binding domain.	Superoxides	100-102	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-41
32360463-7	2020	According to the obtained data, Cro inhibits SOD activity by scavenging superoxide radical (O2), while Crt inhibits SOD by affecting the copper-binding site.	Superoxides	72-90	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	45-48
31960754-6	2020	In addition, ALP restored the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and associated signaling pathways (PARP, PI3K/AKT and Nrf2-mediated HO-1/NQO-1) following H2O2 treatment.	Superoxides	44-54	alopecia, recessive	Mus musculus	13-16
32353034-0	2020	Analyzing structural alterations of mitochondrial intermembrane space superoxide scavengers cytochrome-c and SOD1 after methylglyoxal treatment.	Superoxides	70-80	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	109-113
32353034-5	2020	The main scavengers for the detoxification of superoxide in the IMS are Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) and cytochrome-c.	Superoxides	46-56	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	101-105
32353034-5	2020	The main scavengers for the detoxification of superoxide in the IMS are Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) and cytochrome-c.	Superoxides	46-56	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	111-123
32083866-8	2020	Diosmin reduced LPS-induced total ROS production (DCFDA assay) and superoxide anion production (NBT assay and NBT-positive cells).	Superoxides	67-83	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	16-19
32365693-8	2020	EAF significantly inhibited CCl4-induced elevation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), total bilirubin (TB), total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TG), in the blood serum and prevented lipid peroxidation and restored superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione (GSH) content in liver tissues.	Superoxides	251-261	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Rattus norvegicus	28-32
32008372-9	2020	Increased activities of iNOS and NOX1 enzymes at MEPs in obese mice generated higher levels of NO and superoxide radicals, resulting in increased local peroxynitrite formation and subsequent oxidation of the regulatory protein AKAP150 at cysteine 36, to impair AKAP150-TRPV4 channel signaling at MEPs.	Superoxides	102-112	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	24-28
32315368-2	2020	The platelet, one of the main activators of neutrophils, contains Interleukin 8 (IL-8), a potent neutrophil chemo-attractant and P-selectin that induces excretion of superoxide in the neutrophils, forming platelet-neutrophil aggregates that are increased in individuals with active UC, hence an index of both cells could produce a monitoring tool.	Superoxides	166-176	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	66-79
32315368-2	2020	The platelet, one of the main activators of neutrophils, contains Interleukin 8 (IL-8), a potent neutrophil chemo-attractant and P-selectin that induces excretion of superoxide in the neutrophils, forming platelet-neutrophil aggregates that are increased in individuals with active UC, hence an index of both cells could produce a monitoring tool.	Superoxides	166-176	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	81-85
32326503-5	2020	Besides, pretreatment with APE reversed the CCl4 effects on superoxide dismutase (SOD), myeloperoxidase (MPO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) levels in liver tissue in rats and reduced tissue damage as shown in hematoxylin and eosin staining.	Superoxides	60-70	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Rattus norvegicus	44-48
32351667-7	2020	Converted to a superoxide-producing enzyme, uncoupled eNOS not only leads to reduction of the nitric oxide (NO) generation but also potentiates the preexisting oxidative stress, which contributes significantly to atherogenesis.	Superoxides	15-25	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	54-58
32144179-7	2020	Functionally, deletion of Bbeta2 and maintained Drp1 Ser637 phosphorylation improved mitochondrial respiratory capacity, Ca2+ homeostasis, and attenuated superoxide production in response to ischemia and excitotoxicity in vitro and ex vivo Lastly, deletion of Bbeta2 rescued excessive stroke damage associated with dephosphorylation of Drp1 S637 and mitochondrial fission.	Superoxides	154-164	dynamin 1-like	Mus musculus	48-52
32171979-7	2020	The NSAPP pathway is an oxide transport chain that begins when insulin stimulates NADPH oxidase-4 to generate superoxide (O2 -).	Superoxides	110-120	insulin	Homo sapiens	63-70
32016862-5	2020	Also, the pre- or posttreatment by HSP and/or TAU significantly minimized CCl4-induced reduction of superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione, and albumin concentrations.	Superoxides	100-110	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Rattus norvegicus	74-78
32157879-4	2020	LRW treatment could decrease Ang II-triggered superoxide production, inflammation, and proliferation in VSMCs.	Superoxides	46-56	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	29-35
31638087-7	2020	H2S exerts its antioxidant effect by limiting free radical reactions through the activation of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, which protect against the effects of aging by regulating apoptosis-related genes, including p53, Bax, and Bcl-2.	Superoxides	126-136	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	278-281
31638087-7	2020	H2S exerts its antioxidant effect by limiting free radical reactions through the activation of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, which protect against the effects of aging by regulating apoptosis-related genes, including p53, Bax, and Bcl-2.	Superoxides	126-136	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	283-286
31638087-7	2020	H2S exerts its antioxidant effect by limiting free radical reactions through the activation of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, which protect against the effects of aging by regulating apoptosis-related genes, including p53, Bax, and Bcl-2.	Superoxides	126-136	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	292-297
31873063-5	2020	Chimeric 14-18mer LNA/2"OMe oligonucleotides, exhibiting an LNA incorporation of ~33%, significantly ameliorated the misregulated alternative splicing of Mbnl1-dependent exons in primary DM1 mouse myoblasts and tibialis anterior muscles of DM1 mice.	Superoxides	22-27	muscleblind like splicing factor 1	Mus musculus	154-159
31957540-9	2020	Loss-of-function analysis indicated FTSJ3, a 2"-O-Me methyltransferase, as a candidate RNMT with functional roles in promoting cancer growth and survival.	Superoxides	45-52	FtsJ RNA 2'-O-methyltransferase 3	Homo sapiens	36-41
31960567-4	2020	Co/PMCS can eliminate O2 - and H2O2 by mimicking superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, while remove  OH via the oxidative-reduction cycle, exhibiting markedly higher activity than nanozymes.	Superoxides	22-24	catalase	Mus musculus	71-79
32256070-4	2020	Methods: The purpose of this research was to prepare a novel thermo-sensitive hydrogel-poly(N-isopropyl-acrylamide)/poly(gamma-glutamic acid) (PP) loaded with superoxide dismutase (SOD) to improve the effect for trauma treatment.	Superoxides	159-169	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	181-184
31691474-6	2020	The experimental studies and DFT calculations reveal that the high performance of the Co@FLG is mainly attributed to its great O2 absorptivity endowed by the abundant Co-Nx and pyridinic-N in the FLG shell and the strong electron-donating ability from the Co ND core to the FLG shell to elevate the eg-orbital energy of Co(II) and lower the activation energy for breaking the O=O/O-O bonds.	Superoxides	127-129	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	320-326
31691474-6	2020	The experimental studies and DFT calculations reveal that the high performance of the Co@FLG is mainly attributed to its great O2 absorptivity endowed by the abundant Co-Nx and pyridinic-N in the FLG shell and the strong electron-donating ability from the Co ND core to the FLG shell to elevate the eg-orbital energy of Co(II) and lower the activation energy for breaking the O=O/O-O bonds.	Superoxides	380-383	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	320-326
32256070-8	2020	The activity of SOD in vitro was up to 85% at 10 h, which was advantageous to eliminate the superoxide anion.	Superoxides	92-108	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	16-19
31973815-0	2020	P-Tyr42 RhoA GTPase amplifies superoxide formation through p47phox, phosphorylated by ROCK.	Superoxides	30-40	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	8-12
31973815-4	2020	Phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), a tumor promoter, also induces production of superoxides; PMA activates Src, a tyrosine kinase, and increases p-Tyr42 RhoA levels.	Superoxides	78-89	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	105-108
31973815-4	2020	Phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), a tumor promoter, also induces production of superoxides; PMA activates Src, a tyrosine kinase, and increases p-Tyr42 RhoA levels.	Superoxides	78-89	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	151-155
31973815-6	2020	Restoration of RhoA Y42F (a dephospho-mimic form) still had reduced superoxide formation in response to PMA, compared with WT and Y42E RhoA.	Superoxides	68-78	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	15-19
32060138-6	2020	CD43 core-2 O-glycosylation depended on cell-intrinsic canonical Notch signals and identified CD4+ and CD8+ T cells with high cytokine-producing ability.	Superoxides	10-13	sialophorin	Homo sapiens	0-4
32105455-3	2020	This PDOE system is able to block intracellular O2 consumption and down-regulate HIF-1alpha expression, which successfully rescues cancer cells from becoming hypoxic and relieves the intrinsic hypoxia burden of tumors in vivo, thereby sparing sufficient endogenous O2 for the PDT process.	Superoxides	265-267	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	81-91
32017423-1	2020	In this paper, we have used two N,O-ketiminato ligands ( L1 and L2 ) with biphenyl and terphenyl substituent on the nitrogen atom.	Superoxides	32-46	L1 cell adhesion molecule	Homo sapiens	57-66
31893554-2	2020	In this study, ozone pre-treatment (0.10, 0.25 and 0.50 mg O3/mg DOC (dissolved organic carbon)) was employed to oxidize model biopolymer, which was represented by bovine serum albumin (BSA) and sodium alginate (SA) in the presence of Ca2+ and Mg2+ (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mM).	Superoxides	59-61	albumin	Homo sapiens	171-184
31865110-3	2020	2019 Sep 5;220:117104) showed the effects of mercaptopropionic acid- CdTe quantum dots to the antioxidant enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase molecules and then demonstrates the subsequent quantum dots toxic effects at a cellular level, and they proposed a mechanism of QD induced apoptosis and cell death involving oxidative stress, revealing their potential risk in the biomedical applications.	Superoxides	127-137	catalase	Mus musculus	114-122
31634466-2	2020	Based on data obtained at the whole cell level using poorly specific chemical probes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide have been proposed to contribute to the stimulation of insulin secretion by nutrients (positive role) and to the alterations of cell survival and secretory function in T2D (negative role).	Superoxides	124-134	insulin	Homo sapiens	212-219
32014991-0	2020	Genome-wide siRNA screening reveals that DCAF4-mediated ubiquitination of optineurin stimulates autophagic degradation of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	128-138	optineurin	Homo sapiens	74-84
32003121-7	2020	N-homocysteinylation of superoxide dismutases (SOD1/2) provided new mechanistic insights for homocysteine-induced oxidative stress, apoptosis and Wnt signalling deregulation.	Superoxides	24-34	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	47-53
32017896-3	2020	Here we report that the La-related protein LARP7 functions as a critical cofactor for 2"-O-methylation of U6 in mouse male germ cells.	Superoxides	86-90	La ribonucleoprotein domain family, member 7	Mus musculus	43-48
32017896-4	2020	Mechanistically, LARP7 promotes U6 loading onto box C/D snoRNP, facilitating U6 2"-O-methylation by box C/D snoRNP.	Superoxides	80-84	La ribonucleoprotein domain family, member 7	Mus musculus	17-22
32017896-5	2020	Importantly, ablation of LARP7 in the male germline causes defective U6 2"-O-methylation, massive alterations in pre-mRNA splicing, and spermatogenic failure in mice, which can be rescued by ectopic expression of wild-type LARP7 but not an U6-loading-deficient mutant LARP7.	Superoxides	72-76	La ribonucleoprotein domain family, member 7	Mus musculus	25-30
32017896-6	2020	Our data uncover a novel role of LARP7 in regulating U6 2"-O-methylation and demonstrate the functional requirement of such modification for splicing fidelity and spermatogenesis in mice.	Superoxides	56-60	La ribonucleoprotein domain family, member 7	Mus musculus	33-38
32057236-5	2020	When reaction with O2 occurs in the absence of protons or in the presence of 1 equiv of proton (i.e., from [FeII2(LS)(LSH)]+), unsupported mu-oxo or mu-hydroxo FeIII dinuclear complexes ([FeIII2(LS)2O] and [FeIII2(LS)2(OH)]+, respectively) are generated.	Superoxides	19-21	helicase, lymphoid specific	Homo sapiens	118-121
32016568-6	2020	In the sensing process, SOD and CuInZnS QDs on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) competed with each other for hydrogen peroxide to produce superoxide during electrochemical luminescence, thus quenching the ECL signal of CuInZnS QDs.	Superoxides	137-147	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	24-27
32121598-11	2020	These results indicate that miR155-5p inhibits VSMC migration in SHR by suppressing ACE expression and its downstream production of Ang II, superoxide anion, and inflammatory factors.	Superoxides	140-156	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Rattus norvegicus	84-87
31809873-7	2020	Photoactivation of AKT inhibited the transcriptional activity of Forkhead box transcription factor O1 (FoxO1), reducing expression of lipolytic enzymes and FFA generation and release.	Superoxides	99-101	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	19-22
32167099-6	2020	Activated Nrf2 up-regulated antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)) and inhibited ROS and MDA production.	Superoxides	59-69	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	10-14
31759980-1	2020	Collagen beta (1-O) galactosyltransferase 1 (GLT25D1) has been reported to transfer galactose to hydroxylysine residues via beta (1-O) linkages in collagen.	Superoxides	15-18	collagen beta(1-O)galactosyltransferase 1	Mus musculus	45-52
31872977-4	2020	We have further generated a hypoxia-sensing mouse model, R26-O2 CreER, by targeted insertion of the O2 CreER-coding cassette in the ROSA26 locus.	Superoxides	61-63	gene trap ROSA 26, Philippe Soriano	Mus musculus	132-138
31872977-4	2020	We have further generated a hypoxia-sensing mouse model, R26-O2 CreER, by targeted insertion of the O2 CreER-coding cassette in the ROSA26 locus.	Superoxides	100-102	gene trap ROSA 26, Philippe Soriano	Mus musculus	132-138
32014991-1	2020	Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is one of the genes implicated in the devastating neurodegenerative disorder amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).	Superoxides	6-16	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
31725940-8	2020	Bmi1 overexpression in MSCs also corrected 1,25(OH)2 D deficiency-induced oxidative stress and DNA damage, and cellular senescence of Cyp27b1+/- mice by reducing levels of reactive oxygen species, elevating serum total superoxide dismutase levels, reducing the percentage of gammaH2 A.X, p16, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha positive cells and decreasing gammaH2A.X, p16, p19, p53, p21, IL-1beta and IL-6 expression levels.	Superoxides	219-229	Bmi1 polycomb ring finger oncogene	Mus musculus	0-4
30927077-4	2020	Furthermore, iNOS produces superoxide anion which proceeds with NO to the harmful oxidant peroxynitrite, causing oxidative stress in the heart.	Superoxides	27-43	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	13-17
32095349-12	2020	Its SOD activity under -4  C had a significant negative correlation (r = - 0.995) with superoxide anion O2  - content.	Superoxides	87-103	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	4-7
32515177-3	2020	In this experiment, we explored whether naringenin can increase the expression of superoxide dismutase 1(SOD1), reduce the oxidative stress of PC12 cells induced by homocysteine (Hcy), and decrease the apoptosis of PC12 cells induced by Hcy by inhibiting the expression of mir-224-3p.	Superoxides	82-92	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	105-109
31739104-9	2020	Administration of CCl4 to rat severely depleted the activity level of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration while appreciably increased the concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), H2O2, nitrite, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-2 in lung and kidney tissues of rat.	Superoxides	107-117	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Rattus norvegicus	18-22
31874363-5	2020	These potentials are in the range of typical (O,O) chelated Co(III) ternary complexes bearing 4 N donor ligands and follow the order being more positive for the tpa containing complexes.	Superoxides	46-49	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase III	Homo sapiens	60-67
31957672-1	2020	Hypoxia (O2 &lt;= 2 mg L-1) can severely threaten the survival of marine life and alter the biogeochemical cycles of coastal ecosystems.	Superoxides	9-11	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-16	Homo sapiens	23-26
31982474-4	2020	Here, we proposed an alternative non-pharmacological, non-side-effect, low cost therapy based on anti-inflammation, antioxidant, regenerative and anti-pathogens properties of ozone (O3), through the activation of several molecular mechanisms (Nrf2-ARE, NF-kappaB, NFAT, AP-1, HIFalpha).	Superoxides	182-184	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	243-247
32056106-1	2020	Aberrant structural formations of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase enzyme (SOD1) are the probable mechanism by which circumscribed mutations in the SOD1 gene cause familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS1).	Superoxides	40-50	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	69-73
32056106-1	2020	Aberrant structural formations of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase enzyme (SOD1) are the probable mechanism by which circumscribed mutations in the SOD1 gene cause familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS1).	Superoxides	40-50	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	142-146
32056106-1	2020	Aberrant structural formations of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase enzyme (SOD1) are the probable mechanism by which circumscribed mutations in the SOD1 gene cause familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS1).	Superoxides	40-50	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	198-202
32056106-6	2020	Superoxide exposure via paraquat initiated the formation of SOD1 trimers in untransfected SH-SY5Y cells and increased the aggregation propensity of G85R in HEK293FT.	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	60-64
32056106-7	2020	These data show the kinetic formation of aberrant SOD1 subsets implicated in ALS1 and indicate that superoxide substrate may initiate its radical polymerization.	Superoxides	100-110	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	50-54
31992853-4	2020	Inhibition of PIM kinases caused excessive mitochondrial fission and significant upregulation of mitochondrial superoxide, increasing intracellular ROS.	Superoxides	111-121	Pim-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	14-17
32180786-1	2020	Rcd1 (radical-induced cell death1) is an Arabidopsis thaliana mutant, which exhibits high tolerance to paraquat [methyl viologen (MV)], herbicide that interrupts photosynthetic electron transport chain causing the formation of superoxide and inhibiting NADPH production in the chloroplast.	Superoxides	227-237	WWE protein-protein interaction domain protein family	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-4
32180786-5	2020	In light conditions, superoxide production was elevated in rcd1, but no metabolic markers of oxidative stress were detected.	Superoxides	21-31	WWE protein-protein interaction domain protein family	Arabidopsis thaliana	59-63
32111948-9	2020	We suggest that SOD2 is required to detoxify potential elevated superoxide anion levels by producing H2O2 in the physiologically persistent CL.	Superoxides	64-80	superoxide dismutase 2	Felis catus	16-20
32128111-8	2020	Along with superoxide scavenging property, SOD3 also displays anti-angiogenic, anti-chemotactic and anti-inflammatory functions in both enzymatic and non-enzymatic manners.	Superoxides	11-21	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	43-47
32048696-0	2020	Structures of mixed manganese ruthenium oxides (Mn1-xRux)O2 crystallised under acidic hydrothermal conditions.	Superoxides	57-59	MN1 proto-oncogene, transcriptional regulator	Homo sapiens	48-51
31833760-5	2020	The results identified tofacitinib as a concentration-, time-, and NADPH-dependent irreversible inhibitor of CYP3A4 where glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase/catalase offered minor or little protection against the CYP3A4 inactivation.	Superoxides	144-154	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	109-115
31887964-4	2020	More significantly, in the presence of competitive anions Cl-, SO42-, HCO3-, NO3-, F- and HCrO4-, the resultant La-CS@PDA still conducted distinct selectivity for phosphate, which could be attributed to the selective binding sites of La species in the composite.	Superoxides	90-95	NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist	Homo sapiens	77-80
31669277-2	2020	The mutations in Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) causing its misfolding and aggregation are found linked to the motor neuron disorder, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.	Superoxides	23-33	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	45-49
32095349-12	2020	Its SOD activity under -4  C had a significant negative correlation (r = - 0.995) with superoxide anion O2  - content.	Superoxides	104-106	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	4-7
32042309-7	2020	SOD efficacy suggests that superoxide scavenging is a promising therapeutic strategy in excitotoxic injury.	Superoxides	27-37	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
31373359-1	2020	Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) suppresses oxidative stress within cells by decreasing the levels of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	99-116	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	0-22
31373359-1	2020	Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) suppresses oxidative stress within cells by decreasing the levels of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	99-116	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	24-28
31876685-11	2020	These observations suggest that SirT3-SOD2-intracellular superoxide is a key component associated with the cognitive dysfunction induced by LTIH.	Superoxides	57-67	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	38-42
31954371-0	2020	Superoxide induced inhibition of death receptor signaling is mediated via induced expression of apoptosis inhibitory protein cFLIP.	Superoxides	0-10	CASP8 and FADD like apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	125-130
32011969-5	2021	Among the pluripotency related transcripts, the expression of Oct4 was significantly upregulated and the expression of Sox2 and Nanog was significantly downregulated in embryos at 5% than at 20% O2.	Superoxides	195-197	homeobox protein NANOG	Ovis aries	128-133
31837790-5	2020	In contrast, CCl4 injection significantly reduced hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities; that is, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	125-135	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Rattus norvegicus	13-17
31876980-4	2020	Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of pancreatic superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT), and reduced glutathione was effectively increased while the value for thiobarbituric acid reactive species was decreased.	Superoxides	52-62	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	84-87
31901444-11	2020	Increased levels of superoxide anion (O2-) were found in the renal cortex of both WT and IL-10-deficient mice.	Superoxides	20-36	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	89-94
31723239-6	2020	Mechanistically, SIRT3 prevents mitochondrial superoxide surges in detached cells by regulating the manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2).	Superoxides	46-56	sirtuin 3	Homo sapiens	17-22
31723239-6	2020	Mechanistically, SIRT3 prevents mitochondrial superoxide surges in detached cells by regulating the manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2).	Superoxides	100-120	sirtuin 3	Homo sapiens	17-22
32007910-7	2020	We demonstrated that inhibition of the thioredoxin-dependent system or copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) could abrogate NRF2-mediated resistance to beta-lapachone, while depletion of catalase or glutathione was ineffective.	Superoxides	71-93	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	105-109
32007910-7	2020	We demonstrated that inhibition of the thioredoxin-dependent system or copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) could abrogate NRF2-mediated resistance to beta-lapachone, while depletion of catalase or glutathione was ineffective.	Superoxides	71-93	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	126-130
32024241-6	2020	Loss of ADAM17 in endothelial cells markedly reduced oxidative stress evidenced by decreased levels of superoxide, 3-nitrotyrosine, and 4-hydroxynonenal and decreased leukocyte-endothelium adhesive interactions in vivo and in vitro.	Superoxides	103-113	a disintegrin and metallopeptidase domain 17	Mus musculus	8-14
31851532-5	2020	BALF neutrophils from Saa3 knockout mice exhibited reduced superoxide production compared to neutrophils from wildtype mice.	Superoxides	59-69	serum amyloid A 3	Mus musculus	22-26
31851532-6	2020	In vitro treatment of mouse neutrophils with SAA3 restored the abilities of the neutrophils to produce superoxide.	Superoxides	103-113	serum amyloid A 3	Mus musculus	45-49
31563106-12	2020	For the three PCB-OH radicals considered here, their reactions with O2 also form HO-PCBs and bicyclic radicals.	Superoxides	68-70	pyruvate carboxylase	Homo sapiens	14-17
31604191-7	2020	Monte Carlo simulation of delta18O-NO3- indicated that oxidation process by hydroxyl radical contributed 65 +- 14% of NO3-, with the rest from hydrolysis of N2O5.	Superoxides	157-161	NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist	Homo sapiens	35-38
31552902-7	2020	Furthermore, trichostatin A increased the expression of Nrf2-related target genes, such as superoxide dismutase, NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 and glutathione S-transferase, thereby increasing the total antioxidant capacity of SH-SY5Y cells and inhibiting amyloid beta-peptide-induced autophagy.	Superoxides	91-101	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	56-60
31954371-2	2020	Here we report that pharmacological or genetic means to effect an increase in intracellular superoxide result in cFLIP upregulation.	Superoxides	92-102	CASP8 and FADD like apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	113-118
31954371-3	2020	Interestingly, Bcl-2 overexpression is associated with a concomitant increase in cFLIP, and reducing superoxide sensitizes Bcl-2 overexpressing cancer cells to receptor-mediated apoptosis via downregulation of cFLIP.	Superoxides	101-111	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	123-128
31954371-3	2020	Interestingly, Bcl-2 overexpression is associated with a concomitant increase in cFLIP, and reducing superoxide sensitizes Bcl-2 overexpressing cancer cells to receptor-mediated apoptosis via downregulation of cFLIP.	Superoxides	101-111	CASP8 and FADD like apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	210-215
31954371-4	2020	Moreover, inhibiting glycolytic flux overcomes apoptosis resistance by superoxide-dependent downregulation of cFLIP.	Superoxides	71-81	CASP8 and FADD like apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	110-115
31954371-5	2020	Superoxide-induced upregulation of cFLIP is a function of enhanced transcription, as evidenced by increases in cFLIP promoter activity and mRNA abundance.	Superoxides	0-10	CASP8 and FADD like apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	35-40
31954371-5	2020	Superoxide-induced upregulation of cFLIP is a function of enhanced transcription, as evidenced by increases in cFLIP promoter activity and mRNA abundance.	Superoxides	0-10	CASP8 and FADD like apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	111-116
31954371-6	2020	The positive effect of superoxide on cFLIP is mediated through its reaction with nitric oxide to generate peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	23-33	CASP8 and FADD like apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	37-42
31954371-7	2020	Corroborating these findings in cell lines, subjecting primary cells derived from lymphoma patients to glucose deprivation ex vivo, as a means to decrease superoxide, not only reduced cFLIP expression but also significantly enhanced death receptor sensitivity.	Superoxides	155-165	CASP8 and FADD like apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	184-189
31898906-1	2020	Recent studies have associated the absence of bound metals (Apo protein) and mutations in the Cu-Zn Human Superoxide Dismutase (SOD1) with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) disease, suggesting mechanisms of SOD1 aggregation.	Superoxides	106-116	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	128-132
31689658-9	2020	In addition, airway inflammation, a lower number of CD3epsilon-CD49b+ splenic NK cells, and systemic oxidative stress were caused at the end of pregnancy after O3 exposure, which did not recover at the end of lactation for the first two responses.	Superoxides	160-162	integrin alpha 2	Mus musculus	63-68
31689658-10	2020	CONCLUSIONS: Prenatal O3 exposure increased the severity of OVA-induced asthma in the offspring, which might be directly induced by CD3epsilon-CD49b+ splenic NK cells in the offspring and indirectly related to the damaged maternal immune system.	Superoxides	22-24	integrin alpha 2	Mus musculus	143-148
31898906-1	2020	Recent studies have associated the absence of bound metals (Apo protein) and mutations in the Cu-Zn Human Superoxide Dismutase (SOD1) with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) disease, suggesting mechanisms of SOD1 aggregation.	Superoxides	106-116	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	209-213
31845986-4	2020	The OXR1-depleted cells had higher levels of superoxide and micronucleus (MN) formation than control cells after irradiation.	Superoxides	45-55	oxidation resistance 1	Homo sapiens	4-8
31991904-8	2020	Pre-treatment with N-acetyl-l-cysteine and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) significantly suppressed AG-1-induced toxicity, suggesting that superoxide and hydrogen peroxide contribute to AG-1-induced toxicity in human cancer cells.	Superoxides	163-173	catalase	Homo sapiens	89-97
31980020-10	2020	The FAS/FIS ratio increased from 0.46 to 0.72 within 260 s in group N2O and from 0.42 to 0.69 within 286 s in group Air.	Superoxides	68-71	long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1554	Homo sapiens	8-11
31964409-7	2020	Mechanistically, we identified lncRNA-NEAT1 as a mediator of exosomeMIF by regulating the expression of miR-142-3p and activating Forkhead class O1 (FOXO1).	Superoxides	145-147	forkhead box O1	Homo sapiens	149-154
31880441-4	2020	Specifically, the MoO3-x NUs first induce catalase (CAT)-like reactivity to decompose hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in tumor microenvironment, producing a considerable amount of O2 for subsequent oxidase (OXD)-like reactivity of MoO3-x NUs; a substantial cytotoxic superoxide radical ( O2-) is thus generated for tumor cell apoptosis.	Superoxides	107-109	catalase	Homo sapiens	42-50
31880441-4	2020	Specifically, the MoO3-x NUs first induce catalase (CAT)-like reactivity to decompose hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in tumor microenvironment, producing a considerable amount of O2 for subsequent oxidase (OXD)-like reactivity of MoO3-x NUs; a substantial cytotoxic superoxide radical ( O2-) is thus generated for tumor cell apoptosis.	Superoxides	107-109	catalase	Homo sapiens	52-55
31880441-4	2020	Specifically, the MoO3-x NUs first induce catalase (CAT)-like reactivity to decompose hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in tumor microenvironment, producing a considerable amount of O2 for subsequent oxidase (OXD)-like reactivity of MoO3-x NUs; a substantial cytotoxic superoxide radical ( O2-) is thus generated for tumor cell apoptosis.	Superoxides	260-270	catalase	Homo sapiens	42-50
31880441-4	2020	Specifically, the MoO3-x NUs first induce catalase (CAT)-like reactivity to decompose hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in tumor microenvironment, producing a considerable amount of O2 for subsequent oxidase (OXD)-like reactivity of MoO3-x NUs; a substantial cytotoxic superoxide radical ( O2-) is thus generated for tumor cell apoptosis.	Superoxides	260-270	catalase	Homo sapiens	52-55
31880441-4	2020	Specifically, the MoO3-x NUs first induce catalase (CAT)-like reactivity to decompose hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in tumor microenvironment, producing a considerable amount of O2 for subsequent oxidase (OXD)-like reactivity of MoO3-x NUs; a substantial cytotoxic superoxide radical ( O2-) is thus generated for tumor cell apoptosis.	Superoxides	173-175	catalase	Homo sapiens	42-50
31880441-4	2020	Specifically, the MoO3-x NUs first induce catalase (CAT)-like reactivity to decompose hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in tumor microenvironment, producing a considerable amount of O2 for subsequent oxidase (OXD)-like reactivity of MoO3-x NUs; a substantial cytotoxic superoxide radical ( O2-) is thus generated for tumor cell apoptosis.	Superoxides	173-175	catalase	Homo sapiens	52-55
31849213-6	2020	Catalase (CAT) was encapsulated to catalyze the production of oxygen (O2) from H2O2.	Superoxides	70-72	catalase	Mus musculus	0-8
31963256-1	2020	Catalase (CAT) stands out as one of the most efficient natural enzymes when catalysing the split of H2O2 into H2O and O2; H2O2 is one of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) involved in oxidative stress, a process closely related to aging and several health disorders or diseases like male infertility.	Superoxides	102-104	catalase	Homo sapiens	0-8
31963256-1	2020	Catalase (CAT) stands out as one of the most efficient natural enzymes when catalysing the split of H2O2 into H2O and O2; H2O2 is one of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) involved in oxidative stress, a process closely related to aging and several health disorders or diseases like male infertility.	Superoxides	102-104	catalase	Homo sapiens	10-13
31849213-6	2020	Catalase (CAT) was encapsulated to catalyze the production of oxygen (O2) from H2O2.	Superoxides	70-72	catalase	Mus musculus	10-13
31873002-5	2020	More importantly, the CAT-mimicking Pt nanozyme on the Sm-TCPP nanosheets could effectively convert over-expressed H2O2 in the tumor microenvironment into O2 to relieve tumor hypoxia.	Superoxides	117-119	catalase	Homo sapiens	22-25
31841322-3	2020	The organic ligands coordinate equatorially to the two CoII ions via two bidentate (O,S) N-acylthiourea moieties and tridentate to the central Ln ion via the (O,N,O) 2,6-dipicolinoyl moieties.	Superoxides	159-164	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	55-59
31952251-6	2020	Ganpu tea and GCP could significantly enhance the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) by 13.4% (p < 0.05) and 15.1% (p < 0.01), as well as the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) by 16.3% (p < 0.01) and 20.5% (p < 0.01), respectively.	Superoxides	64-74	golgin B1	Homo sapiens	14-17
32021440-9	2020	Also, CA6-generated ROS inhibited Akt and activated forkhead O3A (FoxO3a), causing cytotoxicity in gastric cancer cells.	Superoxides	61-64	carbonic anhydrase 6	Mus musculus	6-9
32025460-1	2020	The aim of this review is to highlight the rich chemistry of alpha-haloamides originally mainly used to discover new C-N, C-O and C-S bond forming reactions, and later widely employed in C-C cross-coupling reactions with C(sp3), C(sp2) and C(sp) coupling partners.	Superoxides	122-125	Sp2 transcription factor	Homo sapiens	229-234
31860288-5	2020	Reactions with four equimolar amounts of AgL (L = CH3COO- or NO3-) in water-acetone gave doubly oxido- and bidentate oxygen donor ligand-bridged diruthenium complexes of Ru(III)-Ru(IV), [{RuIII,IV(ebpma)}2(mu-O)2(mu-L)]2+ ([3L]2+; L = O2CCH3; [3CH3COO]2+, L = O2NO; [3NO3]2+).	Superoxides	260-264	amylo-alpha-1, 6-glucosidase, 4-alpha-glucanotransferase	Homo sapiens	41-44
32323267-3	2020	H2O2 is generated by superoxide dismutase (SOD)-mediated conversion of superoxide produced by membrane-localized NADPH oxidases (NOXes).	Superoxides	21-31	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	43-46
31760771-6	2020	Angiotensin II (10 nM) increased O2- production by 113+-42 relative light units (RLU)/mg protein/s in Controls and by 401+-74 RLU/mg protein/s in FRUCT (p&lt;0.05 vs. Control, n=11 each group).	Superoxides	33-35	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
31264901-8	2020	Consistently, chronic hypoxia augmented endothelin-1-induced superoxide production through epidermal growth factor receptor signaling, and rats treated chronically with gefitinib displayed reduced right ventricular pressure and diminished arterial remodeling.	Superoxides	61-71	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	40-52
31760771-11	2020	We conclude: 1) angiotensin II causes oxidative stress in proximal tubules by increasing O2- production by NOX4 and decreasing GSH; and 2) dietary fructose enhances angiotensin II"s ability to stimulate O2- and diminish GSH thereby exacerbating oxidative stress.	Superoxides	89-91	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	16-30
31760771-11	2020	We conclude: 1) angiotensin II causes oxidative stress in proximal tubules by increasing O2- production by NOX4 and decreasing GSH; and 2) dietary fructose enhances angiotensin II"s ability to stimulate O2- and diminish GSH thereby exacerbating oxidative stress.	Superoxides	89-91	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	165-179
31760771-11	2020	We conclude: 1) angiotensin II causes oxidative stress in proximal tubules by increasing O2- production by NOX4 and decreasing GSH; and 2) dietary fructose enhances angiotensin II"s ability to stimulate O2- and diminish GSH thereby exacerbating oxidative stress.	Superoxides	203-205	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	16-30
31760771-11	2020	We conclude: 1) angiotensin II causes oxidative stress in proximal tubules by increasing O2- production by NOX4 and decreasing GSH; and 2) dietary fructose enhances angiotensin II"s ability to stimulate O2- and diminish GSH thereby exacerbating oxidative stress.	Superoxides	203-205	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	165-179
31734849-7	2020	Arsenic trioxide (As2O3; 1-5 muM) significantly induced senescence in human articular chondrocytes by increasing senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-beta-Gal) activity and protein expression of p16, p53, and p21.	Superoxides	18-23	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A	Homo sapiens	203-206
31734849-7	2020	Arsenic trioxide (As2O3; 1-5 muM) significantly induced senescence in human articular chondrocytes by increasing senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-beta-Gal) activity and protein expression of p16, p53, and p21.	Superoxides	18-23	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	208-211
31734849-7	2020	Arsenic trioxide (As2O3; 1-5 muM) significantly induced senescence in human articular chondrocytes by increasing senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-beta-Gal) activity and protein expression of p16, p53, and p21.	Superoxides	18-23	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	217-220
31670860-2	2020	Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), a cytosolic antioxidant enzyme has a key role in neutralizing the excessive prooxidant by scavenging the super oxide anions.	Superoxides	136-147	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-22
31670860-2	2020	Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), a cytosolic antioxidant enzyme has a key role in neutralizing the excessive prooxidant by scavenging the super oxide anions.	Superoxides	136-147	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	24-28
31759978-6	2020	Increased production of O2 - after X1 or sorafenib was abrogated by JNK inhibition and antioxidants.	Superoxides	24-26	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	68-71
33117618-5	2020	P-SPI consumption inhibited serum ACE activity, increased superoxide dismutase activity and nitric oxide levels and reduced malondialdehyde levels in serum.	Superoxides	58-68	chromogranin A	Homo sapiens	2-5
33172292-7	2020	GLA also elevated the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in H/R-stimulated H9c2 cells.	Superoxides	67-77	galactosidase, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
32600223-3	2020	To limit ROS toxicity, cells use Cu-dependent chaperone proteins, Cu-binding ceruloplasmin, and Cu-modulated enzymes like superoxide dismutases (SOD) like SOD1 and SOD3 to scavenge excess superoxide anion which favours Cu+ reduction, and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase, important in aerobic energy production.	Superoxides	188-204	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	155-159
32600223-3	2020	To limit ROS toxicity, cells use Cu-dependent chaperone proteins, Cu-binding ceruloplasmin, and Cu-modulated enzymes like superoxide dismutases (SOD) like SOD1 and SOD3 to scavenge excess superoxide anion which favours Cu+ reduction, and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase, important in aerobic energy production.	Superoxides	188-204	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	164-168
31914595-5	2020	Parallel studies revealed that fission-defective Drp1 knockout hearts and MEFs evoked stronger mitochondrial enlargement, enhanced mitophagy with mitochondrial volume decrease and increased mitochondrial calcium uptake, superoxide production, and permeability transition pore opening, contributed to cardiomyocyte apoptosis and dilated cardiomyopathy.	Superoxides	220-230	dynamin 1-like	Mus musculus	49-53
31914665-3	2020	Here we hypothesized that in vitro expression of mutant dog SOD1 would recapitulate features of human ALS (ie, SOD1 protein aggregation, reduced cell viability, perturbations in mitochondrial morphology and membrane potential, reduced ATP production, and increased superoxide ion levels); further, we hypothesized that an equivalent equine SOD1 variant would share similar perturbations in vitro, thereby explain horses" susceptibility to certain neurodegenerative diseases.	Superoxides	265-275	superoxide dismutase 1	Canis lupus familiaris	60-64
31819034-3	2019	Through hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) which elicits various molecular events, cells are able to overcome low O2.	Superoxides	114-116	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	8-34
31760771-0	2020	Angiotensin II-induced superoxide and decreased glutathione in proximal tubules: Effect of dietary fructose.	Superoxides	23-33	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
31760771-1	2020	Angiotensin II exacerbates oxidative stress in part by increasing superoxide (O2-) production by many renal tissues.	Superoxides	66-76	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
31760771-1	2020	Angiotensin II exacerbates oxidative stress in part by increasing superoxide (O2-) production by many renal tissues.	Superoxides	77-82	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
31760771-4	2020	We hypothesized that angiotensin II causes proximal nephron oxidative stress in part by stimulating NADPH oxidase (NOX) 4-dependent O2- production and decreasing the amount of the antioxidant glutathione, and this is exacerbated by dietary fructose.	Superoxides	132-134	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	21-35
31869312-13	2020	CONCLUSION: Adding a 4-wk course of CR to UC for patients with CSX not only increased the Duke Treadmill Score and exercise test duration but also improved the resting O2 pulse, peak (Equation is included in full-text article.	Superoxides	168-170	NK2 homeobox 5	Homo sapiens	63-66
31724066-3	2020	The superoxide dismutase (SOD), an antioxidant enzyme, plays an essential pathogenic role in the inflammatory diseases by not only catalyzing the conversion of the superoxide to hydrogen peroxide and oxygen but also affecting immune responses.	Superoxides	4-14	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	26-29
31520427-8	2020	Superoxide-induced oxidative stress was assessed according to dihydroethidium (DHE) relative fluorescence intensity, capacity for antioxidation according to superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and the balance between oxidation and reduction based on the redox ratio.	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	157-177
31520427-8	2020	Superoxide-induced oxidative stress was assessed according to dihydroethidium (DHE) relative fluorescence intensity, capacity for antioxidation according to superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and the balance between oxidation and reduction based on the redox ratio.	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	179-182
31729001-1	2020	The superoxide (O2  -)-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes comprises a membrane-associated heterodimeric flavocytochrome, known as cytochrome b 558 (consisting of NOX2 and p22phox) and four cytosolic regulatory proteins, p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	4-14	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	280-283
31729001-1	2020	The superoxide (O2  -)-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes comprises a membrane-associated heterodimeric flavocytochrome, known as cytochrome b 558 (consisting of NOX2 and p22phox) and four cytosolic regulatory proteins, p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	16-18	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	280-283
31648572-7	2020	Abbreviations AKT protein kinase B ARMS alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma ATM ataxia telangiectasia mutated Bax Bcl-2-associated X protein Bcl-2 B-cell lymphoma 2 CDC2 cyclin-dependent kinase 2 Bcl-xL B-cell lymphoma-extra large c-FLIP cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein CDDP cisplatin COX-2 cyclooxygenase-2 cyt c cytochrome c DNA-PKcs DNA-dependent protein kinase EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor EMT epithelial-mesenchymal transition ERK extracellular signal-regulated kinase ES Ewing`s sarcoma ETS2 erythroblastosis virus transcription factor 2 GBM glioblastoma multiforme HCC hepatocellular carcinoma HNSCC head and neck squamous cell carcinoma IAP inhibitor of apoptosis protein IkappaBalpha inhibitor of kappaB alpha IKK inhibitor of kappaB kinase IR ionizing radiation lncRNA long non-coding RNA luc luciferase Mcl-1 myeloid cell leukemia-1 MDR1 multidrug resistance protein 1 miR microRNA MMP-9 matrix metalloproteinase-9 mTOR mammalian target of rapamycin NB neuroblastoma NF-kappaB nuclear factor-kappaB NPC nasopharyngeal carcinoma NSCLC non-small cell lung cancer OSCC oral squamous cell carcinoma PARP poly-(ADP-ribose)-polymerase pH2AX phosphorylated histone 2AX-immunoreactive PI3K phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase Prp4K Pre-mRNA processing factor 4 kinase RCC renal cell carcinoma ROS reactive oxygen species SCC squamous cell carcinoma SLN solid lipid nanoparticle SOD2 superoxide dismutase 2 TERT telomerase reverse transcriptase TNF-alpha tumor necrosis factor-alpha TxnRd1 thioredoxin reductase-1 VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor XIAP X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein DeltaPsim mitochondrial membrane potential.	Superoxides	1386-1396	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	14-17
31648572-7	2020	Abbreviations AKT protein kinase B ARMS alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma ATM ataxia telangiectasia mutated Bax Bcl-2-associated X protein Bcl-2 B-cell lymphoma 2 CDC2 cyclin-dependent kinase 2 Bcl-xL B-cell lymphoma-extra large c-FLIP cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein CDDP cisplatin COX-2 cyclooxygenase-2 cyt c cytochrome c DNA-PKcs DNA-dependent protein kinase EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor EMT epithelial-mesenchymal transition ERK extracellular signal-regulated kinase ES Ewing`s sarcoma ETS2 erythroblastosis virus transcription factor 2 GBM glioblastoma multiforme HCC hepatocellular carcinoma HNSCC head and neck squamous cell carcinoma IAP inhibitor of apoptosis protein IkappaBalpha inhibitor of kappaB alpha IKK inhibitor of kappaB kinase IR ionizing radiation lncRNA long non-coding RNA luc luciferase Mcl-1 myeloid cell leukemia-1 MDR1 multidrug resistance protein 1 miR microRNA MMP-9 matrix metalloproteinase-9 mTOR mammalian target of rapamycin NB neuroblastoma NF-kappaB nuclear factor-kappaB NPC nasopharyngeal carcinoma NSCLC non-small cell lung cancer OSCC oral squamous cell carcinoma PARP poly-(ADP-ribose)-polymerase pH2AX phosphorylated histone 2AX-immunoreactive PI3K phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase Prp4K Pre-mRNA processing factor 4 kinase RCC renal cell carcinoma ROS reactive oxygen species SCC squamous cell carcinoma SLN solid lipid nanoparticle SOD2 superoxide dismutase 2 TERT telomerase reverse transcriptase TNF-alpha tumor necrosis factor-alpha TxnRd1 thioredoxin reductase-1 VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor XIAP X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein DeltaPsim mitochondrial membrane potential.	Superoxides	1386-1396	BCL2 like 1	Homo sapiens	186-192
31648572-7	2020	Abbreviations AKT protein kinase B ARMS alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma ATM ataxia telangiectasia mutated Bax Bcl-2-associated X protein Bcl-2 B-cell lymphoma 2 CDC2 cyclin-dependent kinase 2 Bcl-xL B-cell lymphoma-extra large c-FLIP cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein CDDP cisplatin COX-2 cyclooxygenase-2 cyt c cytochrome c DNA-PKcs DNA-dependent protein kinase EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor EMT epithelial-mesenchymal transition ERK extracellular signal-regulated kinase ES Ewing`s sarcoma ETS2 erythroblastosis virus transcription factor 2 GBM glioblastoma multiforme HCC hepatocellular carcinoma HNSCC head and neck squamous cell carcinoma IAP inhibitor of apoptosis protein IkappaBalpha inhibitor of kappaB alpha IKK inhibitor of kappaB kinase IR ionizing radiation lncRNA long non-coding RNA luc luciferase Mcl-1 myeloid cell leukemia-1 MDR1 multidrug resistance protein 1 miR microRNA MMP-9 matrix metalloproteinase-9 mTOR mammalian target of rapamycin NB neuroblastoma NF-kappaB nuclear factor-kappaB NPC nasopharyngeal carcinoma NSCLC non-small cell lung cancer OSCC oral squamous cell carcinoma PARP poly-(ADP-ribose)-polymerase pH2AX phosphorylated histone 2AX-immunoreactive PI3K phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase Prp4K Pre-mRNA processing factor 4 kinase RCC renal cell carcinoma ROS reactive oxygen species SCC squamous cell carcinoma SLN solid lipid nanoparticle SOD2 superoxide dismutase 2 TERT telomerase reverse transcriptase TNF-alpha tumor necrosis factor-alpha TxnRd1 thioredoxin reductase-1 VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor XIAP X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein DeltaPsim mitochondrial membrane potential.	Superoxides	1386-1396	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	282-287
31648572-7	2020	Abbreviations AKT protein kinase B ARMS alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma ATM ataxia telangiectasia mutated Bax Bcl-2-associated X protein Bcl-2 B-cell lymphoma 2 CDC2 cyclin-dependent kinase 2 Bcl-xL B-cell lymphoma-extra large c-FLIP cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein CDDP cisplatin COX-2 cyclooxygenase-2 cyt c cytochrome c DNA-PKcs DNA-dependent protein kinase EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor EMT epithelial-mesenchymal transition ERK extracellular signal-regulated kinase ES Ewing`s sarcoma ETS2 erythroblastosis virus transcription factor 2 GBM glioblastoma multiforme HCC hepatocellular carcinoma HNSCC head and neck squamous cell carcinoma IAP inhibitor of apoptosis protein IkappaBalpha inhibitor of kappaB alpha IKK inhibitor of kappaB kinase IR ionizing radiation lncRNA long non-coding RNA luc luciferase Mcl-1 myeloid cell leukemia-1 MDR1 multidrug resistance protein 1 miR microRNA MMP-9 matrix metalloproteinase-9 mTOR mammalian target of rapamycin NB neuroblastoma NF-kappaB nuclear factor-kappaB NPC nasopharyngeal carcinoma NSCLC non-small cell lung cancer OSCC oral squamous cell carcinoma PARP poly-(ADP-ribose)-polymerase pH2AX phosphorylated histone 2AX-immunoreactive PI3K phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase Prp4K Pre-mRNA processing factor 4 kinase RCC renal cell carcinoma ROS reactive oxygen species SCC squamous cell carcinoma SLN solid lipid nanoparticle SOD2 superoxide dismutase 2 TERT telomerase reverse transcriptase TNF-alpha tumor necrosis factor-alpha TxnRd1 thioredoxin reductase-1 VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor XIAP X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein DeltaPsim mitochondrial membrane potential.	Superoxides	1386-1396	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	288-304
32043431-6	2020	The obligatory contribution of O2 to de novo UMP synthesis means that DHODH has a pivotal role in adapting the proliferative capacity of cells to different conditions of oxygenation, such as hypoxia in growing tumors.	Superoxides	31-33	dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone)	Homo sapiens	70-75
31790899-8	2020	HIF-1 activation could be partly attributed to an increase in radical oxygen species and a decrease in superoxide dismutase activity.	Superoxides	103-113	Hypoxia-inducible factor 1	Caenorhabditis elegans	0-5
31677552-7	2020	This O2-dependent inhibition is mediated by O2-sensing neurons that communicate with the intestine through neurotransmitter and neuropeptide signalling, and requires the activity of hydroxylated HIF-1.	Superoxides	5-7	Hypoxia-inducible factor 1	Caenorhabditis elegans	195-200
31677552-7	2020	This O2-dependent inhibition is mediated by O2-sensing neurons that communicate with the intestine through neurotransmitter and neuropeptide signalling, and requires the activity of hydroxylated HIF-1.	Superoxides	44-46	Hypoxia-inducible factor 1	Caenorhabditis elegans	195-200
31678720-3	2020	Duox1 and Duox2 activities similarly produce intracellular protons but synthesize hydrogen peroxide directly instead of superoxide.	Superoxides	120-130	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	10-15
31926632-6	2020	Furthermore, 7-O-cinnamoyltaxifolin and 7-O-feruloyltaxifolin reduced LPS-induced neuroinflammation in BV-2 microglia cells as assessed by effects on the levels of NO, IL6 and TNFalpha.	Superoxides	13-35	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	168-171
31926632-6	2020	Furthermore, 7-O-cinnamoyltaxifolin and 7-O-feruloyltaxifolin reduced LPS-induced neuroinflammation in BV-2 microglia cells as assessed by effects on the levels of NO, IL6 and TNFalpha.	Superoxides	13-35	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	176-184
31926632-6	2020	Furthermore, 7-O-cinnamoyltaxifolin and 7-O-feruloyltaxifolin reduced LPS-induced neuroinflammation in BV-2 microglia cells as assessed by effects on the levels of NO, IL6 and TNFalpha.	Superoxides	40-61	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	168-171
31926632-6	2020	Furthermore, 7-O-cinnamoyltaxifolin and 7-O-feruloyltaxifolin reduced LPS-induced neuroinflammation in BV-2 microglia cells as assessed by effects on the levels of NO, IL6 and TNFalpha.	Superoxides	40-61	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	176-184
31647296-4	2019	The activities of Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD2), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) exhibited an age-related decline, whereas catalase was unchanged and Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) displayed only slight decrease in old heart and was unchanged in the senescent heart.	Superoxides	21-31	peroxiredoxin 5	Rattus norvegicus	112-133
31922706-7	2019	RelA, RelB, ASK1, TNF-alpha and SC expressions were significantly higher in the 85% O2 group in comparison with the control group and the 40% O2 group.	Superoxides	84-86	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	18-27
31922706-8	2019	In the 40% O2 group, RelA, RelB, ASK1 and TNF-alpha were upregulated, but SC expression was not significantly different than that of the control group.	Superoxides	11-13	RELB proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	27-31
31922706-8	2019	In the 40% O2 group, RelA, RelB, ASK1 and TNF-alpha were upregulated, but SC expression was not significantly different than that of the control group.	Superoxides	11-13	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	42-51
31882813-5	2019	Besides, Mn-TAT PTD-Ngb activated the phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway, which up-regulated the expression of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT).	Superoxides	199-209	catalase	Homo sapiens	227-235
31882813-5	2019	Besides, Mn-TAT PTD-Ngb activated the phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway, which up-regulated the expression of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT).	Superoxides	199-209	catalase	Homo sapiens	237-240
31970202-3	2020	The objective of this study was to enhance breathing and prolong survival by suppressing superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) expression in respiratory motor neurons using adeno-associated virus (AAV) expressing an artificial microRNA targeting the SOD1 gene.	Superoxides	89-99	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	113-117
31970202-3	2020	The objective of this study was to enhance breathing and prolong survival by suppressing superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) expression in respiratory motor neurons using adeno-associated virus (AAV) expressing an artificial microRNA targeting the SOD1 gene.	Superoxides	89-99	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	242-246
31855568-0	2019	Molecular docking of novel 5-O-benzoylpinostrobin derivatives as wild type and L858R/T790M/V948R mutant EGFR inhibitor.	Superoxides	27-49	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	104-108
31855568-1	2019	Background Previous studies have shown that 5-O-benzoylpinostrobin derivatives is a potential anti-breast cancer, with the highest potential being the HER2 inhibitors, is a protein"s member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family.	Superoxides	44-66	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	151-155
31855568-1	2019	Background Previous studies have shown that 5-O-benzoylpinostrobin derivatives is a potential anti-breast cancer, with the highest potential being the HER2 inhibitors, is a protein"s member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family.	Superoxides	44-66	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	197-229
31855568-1	2019	Background Previous studies have shown that 5-O-benzoylpinostrobin derivatives is a potential anti-breast cancer, with the highest potential being the HER2 inhibitors, is a protein"s member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family.	Superoxides	44-66	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	231-235
31855568-3	2019	Thus, it is possible that 5-O-benzoylpinostrobin derivatives can also inhibit the overexpression of EGFR in NSCLC.	Superoxides	26-48	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	100-104
31855568-5	2019	This study aimed to determine the potential of 5-O-benzoylpinostrobin derivatives as an inhibitor of wild type and L858R/T790M/V948R-mutant EGFR.	Superoxides	47-69	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	140-144
31855568-8	2019	Results Docking results showed that all 5-O-benzoylpinostrobin derivatives showed a lower DeltaG for both wild type and L858R/T790M/V948R-mutant EGFR, with the lowest DeltaG shown by 4-methyl-5-O-benzoylpinostrobin and 4-trifluoromethyl-5-O-benzoylpinostrobin.	Superoxides	40-62	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	145-149
31855568-11	2019	Conclusions These results confirm that 5-O-benzoylpinostrobin derivatives have the potential to inhibit EGFR in both wild type and L858R/T790M/V948R-mutant.	Superoxides	39-61	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	104-108
31891121-9	2019	We demonstrate transcriptional and translational upregulation of NGF, NT-3, Ang-1, and FGF-2 in response to cytokines in ASCs in 21% and 5% O2.	Superoxides	140-142	fibroblast growth factor 2	Homo sapiens	87-92
31851612-10	2019	The toxicity parameters showed both pinostrobin and the 5-O-benzoylpinostrobin derivatives, including the class IV toxicity category with the lowest LD50 value indicated by the nitro derivative of 1500, with the possible target of the androgen receptor and prostaglandin G/H synthase 1.	Superoxides	56-78	androgen receptor	Homo sapiens	235-252
31851612-10	2019	The toxicity parameters showed both pinostrobin and the 5-O-benzoylpinostrobin derivatives, including the class IV toxicity category with the lowest LD50 value indicated by the nitro derivative of 1500, with the possible target of the androgen receptor and prostaglandin G/H synthase 1.	Superoxides	56-78	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	257-285
31880456-0	2020	SN2 Reactions of N2O5 with Ions in Water: Microscopic Mechanisms, Intermediates, and Products.	Superoxides	17-21	solute carrier family 38 member 5	Homo sapiens	0-3
31614143-7	2019	Neurotensin addition to NCI-H838 cells increased significantly reactive oxygen species which was inhibited by SR48692, Tiron (superoxide scavenger) and diphenylene iodonium (DPI inhibits the ability of NADPH oxidase and dual oxidase enzymes to produce reactive oxygen species).	Superoxides	126-136	neurotensin	Homo sapiens	0-11
32038732-3	2019	Furthermore, the activity of two Nrf2-dependent antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) in the liver of diabetic rats was studied.	Superoxides	69-79	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	33-37
31819034-3	2019	Through hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) which elicits various molecular events, cells are able to overcome low O2.	Superoxides	114-116	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	36-41
31811262-4	2019	Superoxide anion generationin human neutrophils was measured by cytochrome c reduction assay.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	64-76
31811262-9	2019	Taken together, our results suggest that eugenol inhibits the generation of superoxide anion by neutrophils via the inhibition of Raf/MEK/ERK1/2/p47phox-phosphorylation pathway.	Superoxides	76-86	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	134-137
31811262-9	2019	Taken together, our results suggest that eugenol inhibits the generation of superoxide anion by neutrophils via the inhibition of Raf/MEK/ERK1/2/p47phox-phosphorylation pathway.	Superoxides	76-86	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	138-144
31577132-6	2019	However, the O2 generated on the anode can oxidize Cu to Cu2O that may work as the catalyst for NO3--N reduction to NH4+-N by H2, resulting in more than 60% NH4+-N generated without a proton exchange membrane.	Superoxides	13-15	NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist	Homo sapiens	96-99
31637841-6	2019	The induction of mitochondrial superoxide by antimycin A (Ant A) improves MRSA eradication in casp11-/- cells, where mitochondria remain in the vicinity of the bacterium.	Superoxides	31-41	caspase 4, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase	Mus musculus	94-100
31639106-7	2019	Mitochondria from TGF-beta1-treated Pink1-/- BMDMs exhibited increased superoxide levels, along with reduced respiration and ATP production.	Superoxides	71-81	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	18-27
31867480-4	2019	The Co(II) ion in complex Co1 was coordinated by the N4O2 mode provided by two L ligands and two SCN- anions.	Superoxides	53-57	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	4-10
31867480-5	2019	The two Co(II) ions in Co2 were in the N2O4 and NO5 coordination environment and were linked by two mu2-OAc- bridges and one rare mu3-OAc- bridge.	Superoxides	39-43	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	8-14
31871542-4	2019	We demonstrate that SH-SY5Y cells express p47phox and that the stimulation of Formyl-Peptide Receptor 1 (FPR1) by N-fMLP induces p47phox phosphorylation and NOX-dependent superoxide generation.	Superoxides	171-181	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	78-103
31871542-4	2019	We demonstrate that SH-SY5Y cells express p47phox and that the stimulation of Formyl-Peptide Receptor 1 (FPR1) by N-fMLP induces p47phox phosphorylation and NOX-dependent superoxide generation.	Superoxides	171-181	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	105-109
31871542-4	2019	We demonstrate that SH-SY5Y cells express p47phox and that the stimulation of Formyl-Peptide Receptor 1 (FPR1) by N-fMLP induces p47phox phosphorylation and NOX-dependent superoxide generation.	Superoxides	171-181	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	116-120
31885807-6	2019	Along with a decline for mitochondrial superoxide, exogenous rHB-EGF improved the damage of oxidative stress on mtDNA copy number, ATP level, mitochondrial membrane potential, and activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I and III whose blockage by ROT and AA led to a failure of rHB-EGF in protecting stromal cell differentiation against injury.	Superoxides	39-49	heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	61-68
31494226-4	2019	Moreover, the administration of CXCR2-specific inhibitor N-(2-hydroxy-4-nitrophenyl)-N"-(2-bromophenyl)-urea (SB225002) in SHRs (at 2 months of age) for an additional 4 months significantly suppressed the elevation of blood pressure, cardiac myocyte hypertrophy, fibrosis, inflammation, and superoxide production and improved heart dysfunction in SHRs compared with vehicle-treated SHRs.	Superoxides	291-301	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus	32-37
31720669-3	2019	In order to promote photobleaching of indigo, we have utilised a BOPHY-based (BOPHY = aryl fused symmetrical pyrrole-BF2 complex) chromophore known to form both superoxide ions and a stable alkyl hydroperoxide under illumination in aerated solution.	Superoxides	161-171	forkhead box G1	Homo sapiens	117-120
31541678-7	2019	Furthermore, acarbose blocked the Nox4-dependent superoxide (O2.-) generation, which regulated NLRP3 inflammasome in RAECs.	Superoxides	49-59	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Rattus norvegicus	95-100
31541678-7	2019	Furthermore, acarbose blocked the Nox4-dependent superoxide (O2.-) generation, which regulated NLRP3 inflammasome in RAECs.	Superoxides	61-63	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Rattus norvegicus	95-100
31541678-10	2019	Taken together, our data indicated that acarbose ameliorated endothelial barrier dysfunction by directly inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome which was dependent on inhibiting Nox4 oxidase-dependent O2.- production.	Superoxides	192-194	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Rattus norvegicus	116-121
31347718-5	2019	Fortunately, OS preconditioning can increase the expression of superoxide dismutase, catalase, NQO1, and heme oxygenase 1 through the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 pathway, thereby decreased the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, relieved the damage of ROS to mitochondria, DNA and cell membrane, enhanced the anti-OS ability of BMSCs, and promoted the survival of BMSCs under OS.	Superoxides	63-73	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	134-177
31870086-5	2019	Copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD)1 overexpression is not beneficial in neonatal HI.	Superoxides	0-22	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	34-39
31385236-0	2019	Superoxide-hydrogen peroxide imbalance differentially modulates the keratinocytes cell line (HaCaT) oxidative metabolism via Keap1-Nrf2 redox signaling pathway.	Superoxides	0-10	kelch like ECH associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	125-130
31385236-0	2019	Superoxide-hydrogen peroxide imbalance differentially modulates the keratinocytes cell line (HaCaT) oxidative metabolism via Keap1-Nrf2 redox signaling pathway.	Superoxides	0-10	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	131-135
31385236-9	2019	In this sense, we suggested that the superoxide-hydrogen peroxide imbalance differentially modulates oxidative stress on keratinocytes cell line via Keap1-Nrf2 gene expression pathway.	Superoxides	37-47	kelch like ECH associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	149-154
31385236-9	2019	In this sense, we suggested that the superoxide-hydrogen peroxide imbalance differentially modulates oxidative stress on keratinocytes cell line via Keap1-Nrf2 gene expression pathway.	Superoxides	37-47	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	155-159
31647942-7	2019	The close contacts existing between the RyR and the mitochondria created optimal conditions for the Ca2+ clearance, and the ensuing formation of O2-.	Superoxides	145-147	ryanodine receptor 1	Homo sapiens	40-43
31752090-7	2019	In support of a role of the oxidative state in the control of lymphocyte activation, exposure of spleen cells to exogenous superoxide induced Cx43 expression, p38 activation and IgG production.	Superoxides	123-133	gap junction protein, alpha 1	Mus musculus	142-146
31849698-16	2019	O  2    (ml kg-1 min-1), in the supine compared with the upright bicycle test.	Superoxides	0-4	CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group)	Homo sapiens	17-22
31665197-2	2019	The rate coefficient for the reaction of NO3 radical with N2O was measured to be k2 &lt; 5 x 10-20 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 at 298 K using a direct method that involves a large reaction chamber equipped with cavity ring down spectroscopic detection of NO3 and N2O5.	Superoxides	58-61	NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist	Homo sapiens	41-44
31665197-2	2019	The rate coefficient for the reaction of NO3 radical with N2O was measured to be k2 &lt; 5 x 10-20 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 at 298 K using a direct method that involves a large reaction chamber equipped with cavity ring down spectroscopic detection of NO3 and N2O5.	Superoxides	58-61	NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist	Homo sapiens	246-249
31665197-2	2019	The rate coefficient for the reaction of NO3 radical with N2O was measured to be k2 &lt; 5 x 10-20 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 at 298 K using a direct method that involves a large reaction chamber equipped with cavity ring down spectroscopic detection of NO3 and N2O5.	Superoxides	254-258	NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist	Homo sapiens	41-44
31712437-4	2019	The encoded protein, EGLN1/PHD2, is an O2 sensor that controls levels of the Hypoxia Inducible Factor-alpha (HIF-alpha), which regulates the cellular response to hypoxia.	Superoxides	39-41	egl-9 family hypoxia inducible factor 1	Homo sapiens	21-26
31712437-4	2019	The encoded protein, EGLN1/PHD2, is an O2 sensor that controls levels of the Hypoxia Inducible Factor-alpha (HIF-alpha), which regulates the cellular response to hypoxia.	Superoxides	39-41	egl-9 family hypoxia inducible factor 1	Homo sapiens	27-31
31712437-10	2019	These findings contextualize previous reports of natural selection at EGLN1 in Andeans, and support the hypothesis that natural selection has increased the frequency of an EGLN1 causal variant that enhances O2 delivery or use during exercise at altitude in Peruvian Quechua.	Superoxides	207-209	egl-9 family hypoxia inducible factor 1	Homo sapiens	172-177
31760962-3	2019	We now know SOD1 is a zinc and copper metalloenzyme that clears superoxide as part of our antioxidant defence and respiratory regulation systems.	Superoxides	64-74	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	12-16
31871552-12	2019	A superoxide donor xanthine+xanthine oxidase elevated caveolin-1 or Rab5c levels.	Superoxides	2-12	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	54-64
31871555-6	2019	Treatment with neutrophil elastase inhibitors, either sivelestat sodium hydrate or SERPINB1, effectively reduced lung naphthol-positive cells and BALF inflammatory cell content, increased expression of lung HO-1 and tight junction proteins ZO-1 and occludin, and increased the activity of superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	289-299	elastase, neutrophil expressed	Rattus norvegicus	15-34
31746021-7	2019	Furthermore, transfection with an miR-142 mimic prevented the upregulation of TLR4/NFkB expression and activation in H2 O2 -treated NRCs.	Superoxides	120-122	microRNA 142	Mus musculus	34-41
31746021-7	2019	Furthermore, transfection with an miR-142 mimic prevented the upregulation of TLR4/NFkB expression and activation in H2 O2 -treated NRCs.	Superoxides	120-122	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	78-82
31717974-7	2019	Moreover, it was shown that an activation of mTOR and Pi3k signaling pathways with 1 mol% Er3+, 20 mol% Yb3+: KYP2O7 can promote the MC3T3-E1 cells expression of late osteogenic markers including RUNX and BMP-2.	Superoxides	110-116	bone morphogenetic protein 2	Mus musculus	205-210
31545415-8	2019	Further experiments suggested that the proliferation of SMSCs was obviously suppressed and apoptosis was markedly increased under severe hypoxic (0.5%) and hypoxic (5% O2) conditions following HIF-1alpha siRNA transfection.	Superoxides	168-170	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	193-203
31815149-4	2019	Superoxide generation was assessed by L-012-enhanced chemiluminescence and was increased in both M(IFN-gamma+LPS) and M(IL-4) macrophages, as compared to unpolarised macrophages (MPhi).	Superoxides	0-10	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	99-108
31815149-4	2019	Superoxide generation was assessed by L-012-enhanced chemiluminescence and was increased in both M(IFN-gamma+LPS) and M(IL-4) macrophages, as compared to unpolarised macrophages (MPhi).	Superoxides	0-10	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	120-124
31815149-10	2019	Conclusion: We show that superoxide generation is not only enhanced with stimuli associated with M1 macrophage activation but also with the M2 stimulus IL-4.	Superoxides	25-35	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	152-156
31781168-1	2019	Despite the genetic heterogeneity reported in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (fALS), Cu/Zn superoxide-dismutase (SOD1) gene mutations are the second most common cause of the disease, accounting for around 20% of all families (ALS1) and isolated sporadic cases (sALS).	Superoxides	105-115	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	127-131
31621316-2	2019	Herein, we report a dual role catalase (EasC), unexpectedly using O2 as the oxidant, that catalyzes the oxidative cyclization of the central C ring from a 1,3-diene intermediate.	Superoxides	66-68	catalase	Homo sapiens	30-38
31685804-9	2019	In the context of OTM, the hypoxic marker HIF-1alpha does not appear to be primarily stabilized by a reduced O2 supply but is rather stabilised mechanically.	Superoxides	109-111	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	42-52
31682627-3	2019	TNF-alpha-induced expression of TSLP in human keratinocyte HaCaT and in mouse keratinocyte PAM212 cell lines were inhibited under hypoxic condition (1% O2), although the mRNA expressions of TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, and VEGF-A were not inhibited.	Superoxides	152-154	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-9
31389735-7	2019	In the presence of COMP, BMPR2 siRNA treated BPA showed increases in superoxide detected by MitoSOX and depletion of SOD2.	Superoxides	69-79	bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2	Bos taurus	25-30
31736979-5	2019	LPS released by gram negative bacteria can enhance or prime neutrophil superoxide production in combination with other agonists such as the bacterial peptide formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP).	Superoxides	71-81	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	178-182
31513817-12	2019	(5) Compared with LPS-challenged cells, DMF pretreatment caused a lower production of mitochondrial superoxide and a higher mitochondrial membrane potential, which could be abolished by Nrf2-siRNA.	Superoxides	100-110	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	186-190
32055224-8	2019	IGF-1 also significantly induced the phosphorylation of v-Akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 (AKT) in the hypothalamus of chicks, but did not influence the phosphorylation of forkhead box O1, S6 protein, AMP-activated protein kinase, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2.	Superoxides	197-199	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	103-106
31681723-3	2019	P. jirovecii Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) gene could be a molecular target with high clinical relevance, but the epidemiological information about SOD genotypes distribution is scarce.	Superoxides	13-23	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	35-38
31871961-4	2019	Furthermore, As2O3 decreased the transcription factor STAT3 mRNA expression of Th17 cells but increased the transcription factor Foxp3 of Treg cells.	Superoxides	13-18	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Homo sapiens	54-59
31401382-0	2019	Estradiol inhibits fMLP-induced neutrophil migration and superoxide production by upregulating MKP-2 and dephosphorylating ERK.	Superoxides	57-67	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	19-23
31589161-5	2019	There is a two-cross hyperconjugation in the N-C-O fragment between the lone electron pair of the N atom (lpN) and the antibonding orbital of a C-O bond (sigma*C-O) and vice versa between lpO and sigma*C-N.	Superoxides	47-50	lactoperoxidase	Homo sapiens	188-191
31589161-5	2019	There is a two-cross hyperconjugation in the N-C-O fragment between the lone electron pair of the N atom (lpN) and the antibonding orbital of a C-O bond (sigma*C-O) and vice versa between lpO and sigma*C-N.	Superoxides	144-147	lactoperoxidase	Homo sapiens	188-191
31454684-0	2019	Imbalance between nitric oxide and superoxide anion induced by uncoupled nitric oxide synthase contributes to human melanoma development.	Superoxides	35-51	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	73-94
31401382-3	2019	We found that fMLP significantly induced dHL-60 cell and neutrophil migration and superoxide production, which was inhibited by ERK inhibitor PD98059.	Superoxides	82-92	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	14-18
31401382-3	2019	We found that fMLP significantly induced dHL-60 cell and neutrophil migration and superoxide production, which was inhibited by ERK inhibitor PD98059.	Superoxides	82-92	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	128-131
31401382-4	2019	E2 significantly inhibited fMLP-induced dHL-60 cell and neutrophil migration and superoxide production at both physiological and pharmacological concentrations.	Superoxides	81-91	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	27-31
31401382-6	2019	Pretreatment of these cells with estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist ICI 182780 reversed the inhibition of fMP-induced cell migration and superoxide production, and the induction of MKP-2 expression and the suppression of fMP-induced ERK phosphorylation by E2.	Superoxides	136-146	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	33-50
31401382-6	2019	Pretreatment of these cells with estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist ICI 182780 reversed the inhibition of fMP-induced cell migration and superoxide production, and the induction of MKP-2 expression and the suppression of fMP-induced ERK phosphorylation by E2.	Superoxides	136-146	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	52-54
31401382-8	2019	Collectively, these results demonstrate that fMLP stimulates neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide production through activating ERK, and indicate that ER-mediated upregulation of MKP-2 may dephosphorylate ERK and contribute to the inhibitory effect of E2 on neutrophil activation by fMLP.	Superoxides	87-97	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	45-49
31175066-4	2019	Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is an AngII-activated intra-neuronal signaling protein, which has been suggested to be redox sensitive as overexpressing the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase attenuates AngII-induced activation of CaMKII.	Superoxides	200-210	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	62-67
31175066-4	2019	Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is an AngII-activated intra-neuronal signaling protein, which has been suggested to be redox sensitive as overexpressing the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase attenuates AngII-induced activation of CaMKII.	Superoxides	200-210	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	232-237
30819616-0	2019	Mitochondrial superoxide disrupts the metabolic and epigenetic landscape of CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes.	Superoxides	14-24	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	76-79
31562365-0	2019	NADPH oxidase is the major source of placental superoxide in early pregnancy: association with MAPK pathway activation.	Superoxides	47-57	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	95-99
31562365-9	2019	Increased superoxide production at 7-9 GW is associated with p38 MAPK pathway activation, suggesting that it is involved in physiological placental function and healthy early development of the placenta, through MAPK pathways.	Superoxides	10-20	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	61-64
31562365-9	2019	Increased superoxide production at 7-9 GW is associated with p38 MAPK pathway activation, suggesting that it is involved in physiological placental function and healthy early development of the placenta, through MAPK pathways.	Superoxides	10-20	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	65-69
31562365-9	2019	Increased superoxide production at 7-9 GW is associated with p38 MAPK pathway activation, suggesting that it is involved in physiological placental function and healthy early development of the placenta, through MAPK pathways.	Superoxides	10-20	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	212-216
31533349-4	2019	NQO1 reduced ArN O at low rates with concomitant superoxide production.	Superoxides	49-59	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
31616837-6	2019	Particularly, the O2/N2 separation performance of the PIM-1/ZIF-8-7 composite membrane exceeds the Robeson upper bound line.	Superoxides	18-20	Pim-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	54-59
31550857-0	2019	[PDCD4 enhances the inhibitory effect of As(2)O(3) on the growth and NF-kappaB signaling pathway in neuroblastoma cells].	Superoxides	41-50	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	69-78
31550857-13	2019	Furthermore, the expression levels of cleaved caspase-3 in the control group, PDCD4 group, As(2)O(3) group and As(2)O(3)+ PDCD4 group were 0.21+-0.03, 0.30+-0.02, 0.43+-0.05 and 0.57+-0.06, respectively.	Superoxides	91-100	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	46-55
31550857-13	2019	Furthermore, the expression levels of cleaved caspase-3 in the control group, PDCD4 group, As(2)O(3) group and As(2)O(3)+ PDCD4 group were 0.21+-0.03, 0.30+-0.02, 0.43+-0.05 and 0.57+-0.06, respectively.	Superoxides	111-121	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	46-55
31550857-17	2019	Conclusion: PDCD4 enhances the inhibitory effect of As(2)O(3) on the growth and NF-kappaB signaling pathway in neuroblastoma cells.	Superoxides	52-61	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	80-89
31347256-3	2019	In the human body, HOCl is produced by the myeloperoxidase enzyme from superoxide in very low concentrations (20 to 400 mum); this species is secreted by neutrophils and monocytes to help fight pathogens.	Superoxides	71-81	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	43-58
31616837-0	2019	High Performance of PIM-1/ZIF-8 Composite Membranes for O2/N2 Separation.	Superoxides	56-58	Pim-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	20-25
31616837-5	2019	The pure-gas permeation results confirmed that growth of ZIF-8 on the PIM-1 membrane can enhance the performance of O2/N2 separation.	Superoxides	116-118	Pim-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	70-75
31506286-5	2019	Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) is a mitochondrial-specific antioxidant enzyme that dismutates superoxide to hydrogen peroxide, which is then converted to water by catalase and glutathione peroxidase.	Superoxides	93-103	catalase	Homo sapiens	162-170
31511067-0	2019	The adipokine vaspin reduces apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep-3B) cells, associated with lower levels of NO and superoxide anion.	Superoxides	128-144	serpin family A member 12	Homo sapiens	14-20
31511067-10	2019	A decreased level of nitric oxide and superoxide anion 24 h after vaspin addition at 5 ng/ml was correlated with restricted, to the physiological level, apoptosis.	Superoxides	38-54	serpin family A member 12	Homo sapiens	66-72
31511067-12	2019	CONCLUSIONS: Apoptosis was suppressed after vaspin treatment, together with low levels of nitric oxide and superoxide anions.	Superoxides	107-124	serpin family A member 12	Homo sapiens	44-50
31405463-6	2019	After thawing, there was a reduction (P <  0.05) in the percentage and fluorescence intensity of sperm with greater quantities of superoxide and peroxide only in samples treated with GSH + IGF-I and GSH + anti-IGF-I.	Superoxides	130-140	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	189-194
31602952-0	2019	[Shenxiong Glucose Injection inhibits H_2O_2-induced apoptosis of H9c2 cells by activating PI3K/AKT pathway].	Superoxides	40-42	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	96-99
31229571-7	2019	Cellular levels of superoxide and peroxides increased at 40  C and 42  C. Heat shock (42  C)-induced increases in Prx3 and Prx-SO3 were inhibited by antioxidants (PEG-catalase, MnTBAP) and a Nrf2 shRNA.	Superoxides	19-29	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	191-195
31470261-2	2019	Mice lacking the superoxide scavenger CuZnSOD (Sod1-/-) exhibit high levels of oxygen-derived radicals and oxidative damage, associated with neuronal and muscular phenotypes consistent with sarcopenia.	Superoxides	17-27	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	38-45
31470261-2	2019	Mice lacking the superoxide scavenger CuZnSOD (Sod1-/-) exhibit high levels of oxygen-derived radicals and oxidative damage, associated with neuronal and muscular phenotypes consistent with sarcopenia.	Superoxides	17-27	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	47-51
31467276-7	2019	We show that mCa2+ overload contributes to AD progression by promoting superoxide generation, metabolic dysfunction and neuronal cell death.	Superoxides	71-81	carbonic anhydrase 2	Mus musculus	13-17
31466304-9	2019	The enhancement of SNA caused by Ang II can be significantly attenuated by the pretreatment of AT1R antagonist lorsatan, superoxide scavenger Tempol and NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin (Apo) in OH rats.	Superoxides	121-131	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	33-39
31319025-2	2019	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) protects cells from superoxide-triggered apoptosis by converting superoxide to oxygen and peroxide.	Superoxides	92-102	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
31319025-2	2019	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) protects cells from superoxide-triggered apoptosis by converting superoxide to oxygen and peroxide.	Superoxides	92-102	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
31319025-5	2019	Malonic acid-decorated fullerene (MA-C60) was used as a superoxide disproportionation chemocatalyst mimicking the function of SOD.	Superoxides	56-66	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	126-129
31326693-1	2019	Superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3) is an extracellular enzyme with the capacity to modulate extracellular redox conditions by catalyzing the dismutation of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	151-161	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	0-22
31326693-1	2019	Superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3) is an extracellular enzyme with the capacity to modulate extracellular redox conditions by catalyzing the dismutation of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	151-161	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	24-28
31602952-17	2019	The protective effect of Shenxiong Glucose Injection on H_2O_2 cells injury was significantly inhibited by LY294002,a PI3 K/AKT pathway inhibitor.	Superoxides	58-60	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	124-127
31602952-18	2019	The results suggested that Shenxiong Glucose Injection may inhibit H_2O_2-induced H9 c2 cells apoptosis by regulating PI3 K/AKT signaling pathway.	Superoxides	69-71	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	124-127
31391086-7	2019	Moreover, the enhancement of AAR caused by TNFalpha can be significantly strengthened by the pretreatment of diethyldithiocarbamate (DETC), a superoxide dismutase inhibitor, but attenuated by TNF-alpha receptor antagonist R-7050, superoxide scavenger PEG-SOD and NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin (Apo) in rats with OH.	Superoxides	142-152	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	43-51
31319025-2	2019	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) protects cells from superoxide-triggered apoptosis by converting superoxide to oxygen and peroxide.	Superoxides	47-57	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
31319025-2	2019	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) protects cells from superoxide-triggered apoptosis by converting superoxide to oxygen and peroxide.	Superoxides	47-57	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
31686890-2	2019	Several of these compounds are capable of influencing the activation of intracellular signaling pathways, such as NF-kB, MAPK and JAK-STAT, responsible for the production of various inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1beta) and 12 (IL-12), enzymes involved in the production of reactive species such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and superoxide dehydrogenase (SOD), as well as enzymes involved in the production of eicosanoids, such as cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LO).	Superoxides	409-419	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	213-240
31686890-2	2019	Several of these compounds are capable of influencing the activation of intracellular signaling pathways, such as NF-kB, MAPK and JAK-STAT, responsible for the production of various inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1beta) and 12 (IL-12), enzymes involved in the production of reactive species such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and superoxide dehydrogenase (SOD), as well as enzymes involved in the production of eicosanoids, such as cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LO).	Superoxides	409-419	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	242-251
30569733-6	2019	Higher baseline SA was linked to higher inflammatory response assessed by higher C-reactive protein values at day 1 and day 3.	Superoxides	16-18	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	81-99
31153640-7	2019	Importantly, SIRT3 activity was enhanced by NOS1, which contributes to the low level of mitochondrial superoxide and apoptosis resistance.	Superoxides	102-112	sirtuin 3	Homo sapiens	13-18
31346243-1	2019	The Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is a ubiquitous enzyme that catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide radicals to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	32-36
31022331-11	2019	The rats treated with d-GalN showed brain damage; increased myeloperoxidase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and superoxide dismutase activities; and decreased glutathione levels.	Superoxides	165-175	galanin and GMAP prepropeptide	Rattus norvegicus	24-28
31090437-6	2019	Bleomycin stimulated mitochondrial (mt) superoxide production, mtDNA damage, and apoptosis in Beas2B cells, which was attenuated by the catalytically inactive mutants of PLD or PLD2 siRNA.	Superoxides	40-50	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	170-173
31071452-6	2019	Cell lines transfected with RAC2 [N92 T] displayed characteristics of active GTP-bound RAC2 including enhanced NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide production both at rest and in response to PMA.	Superoxides	133-143	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	28-32
31701714-9	2019	Compared with 21% O2 group, the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, CAT, HO-1, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were increased significantly (P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was lower (P&lt;0.01) in 12%O2 group cells; only the expression of GPX-1 mRNA was increased (P&lt;0.05) in 8%O2 group; the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were decreased significantly(P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was higher (P&lt;0.01) in 5%O2 group.	Superoxides	18-20	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	47-51
31701714-9	2019	Compared with 21% O2 group, the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, CAT, HO-1, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were increased significantly (P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was lower (P&lt;0.01) in 12%O2 group cells; only the expression of GPX-1 mRNA was increased (P&lt;0.05) in 8%O2 group; the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were decreased significantly(P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was higher (P&lt;0.01) in 5%O2 group.	Superoxides	18-20	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	90-94
31701714-9	2019	Compared with 21% O2 group, the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, CAT, HO-1, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were increased significantly (P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was lower (P&lt;0.01) in 12%O2 group cells; only the expression of GPX-1 mRNA was increased (P&lt;0.05) in 8%O2 group; the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were decreased significantly(P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was higher (P&lt;0.01) in 5%O2 group.	Superoxides	18-20	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	96-100
31701714-9	2019	Compared with 21% O2 group, the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, CAT, HO-1, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were increased significantly (P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was lower (P&lt;0.01) in 12%O2 group cells; only the expression of GPX-1 mRNA was increased (P&lt;0.05) in 8%O2 group; the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were decreased significantly(P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was higher (P&lt;0.01) in 5%O2 group.	Superoxides	18-20	catalase	Mus musculus	102-105
31701714-9	2019	Compared with 21% O2 group, the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, CAT, HO-1, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were increased significantly (P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was lower (P&lt;0.01) in 12%O2 group cells; only the expression of GPX-1 mRNA was increased (P&lt;0.05) in 8%O2 group; the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were decreased significantly(P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was higher (P&lt;0.01) in 5%O2 group.	Superoxides	18-20	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	107-111
31701714-9	2019	Compared with 21% O2 group, the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, CAT, HO-1, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were increased significantly (P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was lower (P&lt;0.01) in 12%O2 group cells; only the expression of GPX-1 mRNA was increased (P&lt;0.05) in 8%O2 group; the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were decreased significantly(P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was higher (P&lt;0.01) in 5%O2 group.	Superoxides	18-20	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	338-342
31701714-9	2019	Compared with 21% O2 group, the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, CAT, HO-1, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were increased significantly (P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was lower (P&lt;0.01) in 12%O2 group cells; only the expression of GPX-1 mRNA was increased (P&lt;0.05) in 8%O2 group; the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were decreased significantly(P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was higher (P&lt;0.01) in 5%O2 group.	Superoxides	18-20	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	392-396
31701714-9	2019	Compared with 21% O2 group, the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, CAT, HO-1, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were increased significantly (P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was lower (P&lt;0.01) in 12%O2 group cells; only the expression of GPX-1 mRNA was increased (P&lt;0.05) in 8%O2 group; the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were decreased significantly(P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was higher (P&lt;0.01) in 5%O2 group.	Superoxides	18-20	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	398-402
31701714-9	2019	Compared with 21% O2 group, the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, CAT, HO-1, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were increased significantly (P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was lower (P&lt;0.01) in 12%O2 group cells; only the expression of GPX-1 mRNA was increased (P&lt;0.05) in 8%O2 group; the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were decreased significantly(P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was higher (P&lt;0.01) in 5%O2 group.	Superoxides	228-230	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	47-51
31701714-9	2019	Compared with 21% O2 group, the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, CAT, HO-1, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were increased significantly (P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was lower (P&lt;0.01) in 12%O2 group cells; only the expression of GPX-1 mRNA was increased (P&lt;0.05) in 8%O2 group; the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were decreased significantly(P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was higher (P&lt;0.01) in 5%O2 group.	Superoxides	228-230	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	47-51
31701714-9	2019	Compared with 21% O2 group, the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, CAT, HO-1, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were increased significantly (P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was lower (P&lt;0.01) in 12%O2 group cells; only the expression of GPX-1 mRNA was increased (P&lt;0.05) in 8%O2 group; the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were decreased significantly(P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was higher (P&lt;0.01) in 5%O2 group.	Superoxides	228-230	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	47-51
31259544-3	2019	CFR simultaneously detects superoxide anion (O2 -) and caspase-3 (casp3) through respective activation of its independent chemiluminescence and near-infrared fluorescence channels.	Superoxides	27-43	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	66-71
31336753-4	2019	For example, an acute oxidative stress via mitochondrial superoxide production stimulates the activation of endogenous antioxidant gene transcription regulated by the redox sensitive transcription factor Nrf2, resulting in an adaptive hormetic response.	Superoxides	57-67	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	204-208
31062473-5	2019	Furthermore, we proved that knockdown of TFAM enhanced the interaction between p53 and MDM2, resulting in decreased expression of p53 and the downstream target TIGAR, and thus leading to elevated level of mitochondrial superoxide and DNA double-strand break (DSB) which were exacerbated when treated the cell with ionizing radiation.	Superoxides	219-229	transcription factor A, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	41-45
31062473-5	2019	Furthermore, we proved that knockdown of TFAM enhanced the interaction between p53 and MDM2, resulting in decreased expression of p53 and the downstream target TIGAR, and thus leading to elevated level of mitochondrial superoxide and DNA double-strand break (DSB) which were exacerbated when treated the cell with ionizing radiation.	Superoxides	219-229	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	79-82
30238472-5	2019	The results suggest that the inverse regulation of ZmUPB1 and ZmPRX112 transcription observed in cells of the TZ in response to nitrogen depletion or NO3 - supply affects the balance between superoxide (O2  - ) and hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) in the root apex and consequently triggers differential root growth.	Superoxides	191-201	beta alanine synthase 1	Zea mays	51-57
30238472-5	2019	The results suggest that the inverse regulation of ZmUPB1 and ZmPRX112 transcription observed in cells of the TZ in response to nitrogen depletion or NO3 - supply affects the balance between superoxide (O2  - ) and hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) in the root apex and consequently triggers differential root growth.	Superoxides	203-205	beta alanine synthase 1	Zea mays	51-57
31084929-7	2019	Furthermore, we found that superoxide anion levels were significantly increased in AngII-treated endothelial cells compared with controls and that the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) significantly abolished CSE ubiquitination.	Superoxides	27-43	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	83-88
31261892-10	2019	Our results show that treatment of mouse pre-adipocytes with AngII increased lipid accumulation, superoxide levels, inflammatory cytokine levels, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), and adiponectin levels.	Superoxides	97-107	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	61-66
31216990-10	2019	Besides, both SAA1 siRNA and NOX-4 siRNA could not only enhance the O2- production and NADPH oxidase activity, but also up-regulate the protein expression of NOX4, the release of inflammatory factors, and the levels of p-p38 and p-NF-kappaB p65 in LPS-induced VSMCs.	Superoxides	68-70	serum amyloid A1	Homo sapiens	14-18
31588260-7	2019	Currently, the most effective approaches to reverse the radioresistance of hypoxic tumors are to introduce nanomaterials with O2-elevating ability by delivering exogenous O2, generating O2 in situ, increasing intratumoral blood flow, or reducing HIF-1 expression to harness the O2 level in solid tumors.	Superoxides	126-128	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	246-251
31258517-4	2019	After host cell invasion, mycobacteria induces the expression of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) to generate superoxide radicals (  O 2 -   ), which are then converted to more toxic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by superoxide dismutase (SOD) and subsequently reduced to water by catalase.	Superoxides	100-110	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	201-221
31258517-4	2019	After host cell invasion, mycobacteria induces the expression of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) to generate superoxide radicals (  O 2 -   ), which are then converted to more toxic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by superoxide dismutase (SOD) and subsequently reduced to water by catalase.	Superoxides	100-110	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	223-226
31854673-7	2019	A total of 32.6% of OP within the effluent was removed through bioadsorption reactions with activated coke, while the removal of OP was up to 79.1% when 30 mg L-1 of O3 was applied, which suggested that advanced oxidation was more beneficial for the enhancement of OP removal.	Superoxides	166-168	L1 cell adhesion molecule	Homo sapiens	159-162
30051353-9	2019	Mechanistic studies revealed that increase in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase-2 (NOX2)-dependent superoxide/reactive oxygen species (ROS) production plays a key role in both LPS- and DSP-4-elicited neurotoxicity.	Superoxides	125-135	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	202-205
30723080-1	2019	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 (RAC2), through interactions with reduced NAD phosphate oxidase component p67 phox , activates neutrophil superoxide production, whereas interactions with p21-activated kinase are necessary for fMLF-induced actin remodeling.	Superoxides	149-159	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	0-42
30723080-1	2019	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 (RAC2), through interactions with reduced NAD phosphate oxidase component p67 phox , activates neutrophil superoxide production, whereas interactions with p21-activated kinase are necessary for fMLF-induced actin remodeling.	Superoxides	149-159	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	44-48
30723080-3	2019	Neutrophils from RAC2[E62K] patients exhibited excessive superoxide production, impaired fMLF-directed chemotaxis, and abnormal macropinocytosis.	Superoxides	57-67	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	17-21
30723080-4	2019	Cell lines transfected with RAC2[E62K] displayed characteristics of active guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound RAC2 including enhanced superoxide production and increased membrane ruffling.	Superoxides	134-144	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	28-32
30723080-4	2019	Cell lines transfected with RAC2[E62K] displayed characteristics of active guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound RAC2 including enhanced superoxide production and increased membrane ruffling.	Superoxides	134-144	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	110-114
31052583-8	2019	NM-200 induced production of IL-8, a potent attractor and activator of neutrophils, growth factors (VEGF and IGF-1) and superoxide.	Superoxides	120-130	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	29-33
30790656-2	2019	ROS are chemically and functionally similar to reactive sulfur species (RSS) and both ROS and RSS have been shown to be metabolized by the antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase and catalase.	Superoxides	160-170	catalase	Homo sapiens	185-193
30911842-0	2019	Correction to: Selenite-mediated production of superoxide radical anions in A549 cancer cells is accompanied by a selective increase in SOD1 concentration, enhanced apoptosis and Se-Cu bonding.	Superoxides	47-72	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	136-140
31114507-4	2019	Furthermore, central TNF-alpha inhibition reduced sympathetic modulation and blunted the increased superoxide accumulation in the RVLM of 2K1C rats.	Superoxides	99-109	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	21-30
31021818-6	2019	In vitro siRNA silencing of Wipi1 in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes limited non-canonical autophagy and blunted aldosterone-induced mitochondrial superoxide levels.	Superoxides	149-159	WD repeat domain, phosphoinositide interacting 1	Rattus norvegicus	28-33
30848893-6	2019	The biological functional assessments revealed that the modifications inhibited the activity of TPIS and induced the activity of ENOA, in vitro and in vivo, followed by an increase in the level of cellular methylglyoxal, advanced glycation end products, and reactive oxygen species/superoxide, and the induction of mitochondrial dysfunction, which further inhibited oxidative phosphorylation and stimulated glycolysis.	Superoxides	282-292	triosephosphate isomerase 1	Homo sapiens	96-100
31701714-11	2019	In addition, 12% O2 for 12 h could promote the Nrf2 antioxidant system, and 5% extremely low oxygen may inhibit it.	Superoxides	17-19	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	47-51
30925081-2	2019	TNFalpha activates NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide (O2 -), production extracellularly is required for subsequent signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).	Superoxides	87-97	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-8
30974160-4	2019	The BTZ treatment significantly increased superoxide production and cell death in the testes of SOD1-KO mice compared to wild-type (WT) mice.	Superoxides	42-52	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	96-100
30808243-1	2019	A nonactivating allosteric modulator of free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFA2R, also called GPCR 43) turns both propionate (an orthosteric FFA2R agonist) and ATP (an agonist for the purinergic P2Y2 receptor), into potent activating ligands that trigger an assembly of the superoxide-generating neutrophil NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	267-277	free fatty acid receptor 2	Homo sapiens	45-66
30808243-1	2019	A nonactivating allosteric modulator of free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFA2R, also called GPCR 43) turns both propionate (an orthosteric FFA2R agonist) and ATP (an agonist for the purinergic P2Y2 receptor), into potent activating ligands that trigger an assembly of the superoxide-generating neutrophil NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	267-277	free fatty acid receptor 2	Homo sapiens	68-73
30808243-1	2019	A nonactivating allosteric modulator of free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFA2R, also called GPCR 43) turns both propionate (an orthosteric FFA2R agonist) and ATP (an agonist for the purinergic P2Y2 receptor), into potent activating ligands that trigger an assembly of the superoxide-generating neutrophil NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	267-277	free fatty acid receptor 2	Homo sapiens	134-139
31015037-9	2019	In conclusion, sequential activation of LOX-1, JNK, and L-arginine consuming enzyme arginase-I in diabetes elicits superoxide-dependent oxidative stress and impairs endothelial NO-mediated dilation in coronary arterioles.	Superoxides	115-125	arginase 1	Sus scrofa	84-94
30761998-1	2019	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX) is a multisubunit enzyme complex that utilizes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate to produce superoxide anions and other reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	160-177	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	0-51
31003152-7	2019	RESULTS: Compared to the control group, liver cells from apoE-KO presented some typical redox imbalance features: higher levels of intracellular ROS (global oxidative stress ~60%, superoxide anion ~82%, and peroxynitrite/hydroxyl radical ~53%), higher amounts of apoptotic cells (up to ~19%) and higher mitochondrial intensity of catalase (+339%) and transferrin spots (+914%).	Superoxides	180-196	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	57-61
31128707-6	2019	Salt treatment resulted in the highest O2- increase in the Atgstf8 root, while the amount of H2O2 elevated most in the case of Atgstu19.	Superoxides	39-41	glutathione S-transferase phi 8	Arabidopsis thaliana	59-66
30738311-2	2019	Recent evidence indicates that S-glutathionylation may occur on the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), leading to eNOS uncoupling, characterized by a decreased NO production and an increased generation of superoxide anion (O2 -).	Superoxides	212-228	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	68-101
30738311-2	2019	Recent evidence indicates that S-glutathionylation may occur on the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), leading to eNOS uncoupling, characterized by a decreased NO production and an increased generation of superoxide anion (O2 -).	Superoxides	212-228	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	103-107
30738311-2	2019	Recent evidence indicates that S-glutathionylation may occur on the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), leading to eNOS uncoupling, characterized by a decreased NO production and an increased generation of superoxide anion (O2 -).	Superoxides	212-228	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	121-125
30738311-2	2019	Recent evidence indicates that S-glutathionylation may occur on the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), leading to eNOS uncoupling, characterized by a decreased NO production and an increased generation of superoxide anion (O2 -).	Superoxides	230-232	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	68-101
30738311-2	2019	Recent evidence indicates that S-glutathionylation may occur on the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), leading to eNOS uncoupling, characterized by a decreased NO production and an increased generation of superoxide anion (O2 -).	Superoxides	230-232	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	103-107
30738311-2	2019	Recent evidence indicates that S-glutathionylation may occur on the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), leading to eNOS uncoupling, characterized by a decreased NO production and an increased generation of superoxide anion (O2 -).	Superoxides	230-232	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	121-125
30935113-8	2019	Unexpectedly, however, elevated ACSL-5 expression increased mitochondrial superoxide production (+30%), which was associated with a significant reduction (p &lt; 0.05) in insulin-stimulated p-Akt and p-AS160 protein levels.	Superoxides	74-84	insulin	Homo sapiens	171-178
30914692-2	2019	High glucose levels and angiotensin II (Ang II) are known to stimulate superoxide production in renal mesangial cells.	Superoxides	71-81	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	24-38
30914692-2	2019	High glucose levels and angiotensin II (Ang II) are known to stimulate superoxide production in renal mesangial cells.	Superoxides	71-81	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	40-46
30823595-6	2019	The potential antioxidant properties of B12 include: (1) direct scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS), particularly superoxide; (2) indirect stimulation of ROS scavenging by preservation of glutathione; (3) modulation of cytokine and growth factor production to offer protection from immune response-induced oxidative stress; (4) reduction of homocysteine-induced oxidative stress; and (5) reduction of oxidative stress caused by advanced glycation end products.	Superoxides	122-132	NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B3	Homo sapiens	40-43
30849122-9	2019	Citrulline injected ip on day 4 PI with quinine-injected ip on day 6 PI partially protected mice from eCM; citrulline plus scavenging of superoxide with pegylated superoxide dismutase and pegylated catalase protected all recipients from eCM.	Superoxides	137-147	catalase	Mus musculus	198-206
30604589-5	2019	The direct coupling of two adjacent oxo ligands bound to Ru and Mn leads to the production of a superoxide intermediate Int1.	Superoxides	96-106	Wnt family member 1	Homo sapiens	120-124
30604589-7	2019	Subsequent O2 release from Int1 turns out to be quite facile.	Superoxides	11-13	Wnt family member 1	Homo sapiens	27-31
31245767-9	2019	However, the introduction of the msl1 lesion into the msl2 msl3 mutant background suppressed other msl2 msl3 mutant phenotypes, including ectopic callus formation, accumulation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in the shoot apical meristem, decreased root length, and reduced number of lateral roots.	Superoxides	180-190	MSCS-like 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	54-63
31245767-9	2019	However, the introduction of the msl1 lesion into the msl2 msl3 mutant background suppressed other msl2 msl3 mutant phenotypes, including ectopic callus formation, accumulation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in the shoot apical meristem, decreased root length, and reduced number of lateral roots.	Superoxides	180-190	MSCS-like 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	54-58
30277804-10	2019	Lack of NOS2 induction prevented superoxide scavenging and decreased reactive oxidant formation.	Superoxides	33-43	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	8-12
30608177-8	2019	Cigarette smoke and angiotensin II impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation and induced superoxide overproduction, which was diminished in mCAT mice.	Superoxides	89-99	catalase	Mus musculus	140-144
30521379-5	2019	The results showed that TGF-beta1 stimulation induced EndMT and elevated endothelial NO and O2 - production as well as nitration of the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase (PP)2A.	Superoxides	92-94	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	24-33
30557564-8	2019	Since manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is the main mechanism to detoxify mitochondrial superoxide radicals, the cause and effect relationship between improved respiration and decreased oxidative stress was examined after knocking down MnSOD.	Superoxides	16-26	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	38-43
30557564-8	2019	Since manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is the main mechanism to detoxify mitochondrial superoxide radicals, the cause and effect relationship between improved respiration and decreased oxidative stress was examined after knocking down MnSOD.	Superoxides	16-26	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	241-246
30557564-9	2019	Downregulating MnSOD in diabetic WT neurons increased hyperglycemia-induced superoxide levels, which was still significantly decreased by KU-596.	Superoxides	76-86	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	15-20
30915150-7	2019	TLR-2 blocking peptide was used to confirm that pardaxin attenuated phagocytotic ability and superoxide anion production in leukemic cells via activating MyD88 protein.	Superoxides	93-109	toll like receptor 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
30677425-7	2019	We further found that ASM downregulation blocked the Nox2-dependent superoxide (O2-) generation, which regulated vascular remodeling in AFs under Ang II.	Superoxides	68-78	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	146-152
30508577-5	2019	In adults, this increased generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) activate redox-sensitive transcription factors such as nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB), activator protein-1 (AP1) and heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), resulting in increases in cytoprotective proteins such as the superoxide dismutases, catalase and heat shock proteins that prevent oxidative damage to tissues and facilitate remodelling and proteostasis in both an intra- and inter-cellular manner.	Superoxides	293-303	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	139-160
30508577-5	2019	In adults, this increased generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) activate redox-sensitive transcription factors such as nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB), activator protein-1 (AP1) and heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), resulting in increases in cytoprotective proteins such as the superoxide dismutases, catalase and heat shock proteins that prevent oxidative damage to tissues and facilitate remodelling and proteostasis in both an intra- and inter-cellular manner.	Superoxides	293-303	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	162-170
30508577-5	2019	In adults, this increased generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) activate redox-sensitive transcription factors such as nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB), activator protein-1 (AP1) and heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), resulting in increases in cytoprotective proteins such as the superoxide dismutases, catalase and heat shock proteins that prevent oxidative damage to tissues and facilitate remodelling and proteostasis in both an intra- and inter-cellular manner.	Superoxides	293-303	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	173-192
30508577-5	2019	In adults, this increased generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) activate redox-sensitive transcription factors such as nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB), activator protein-1 (AP1) and heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), resulting in increases in cytoprotective proteins such as the superoxide dismutases, catalase and heat shock proteins that prevent oxidative damage to tissues and facilitate remodelling and proteostasis in both an intra- and inter-cellular manner.	Superoxides	293-303	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	194-197
30677425-7	2019	We further found that ASM downregulation blocked the Nox2-dependent superoxide (O2-) generation, which regulated vascular remodeling in AFs under Ang II.	Superoxides	80-82	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	146-152
30804795-5	2019	In addition, RBC exposed to O2 - were conditioned with specific shear stresses, prior to evaluation of cellular deformability and activation of PI3K/Akt kinase and RBC-NOS.	Superoxides	28-30	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	149-152
30654942-10	2019	Elevated superoxide anions were observed when SOD3 was knocked down.	Superoxides	9-26	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	46-50
30502348-7	2019	Trf2 deletion also led to a pro-oxidative arterial phenotype characterized by increased in NADPH oxidase gene expression; a 210% increase in superoxide levels that was partly dependent on NADPH oxidase activity; and an oxidative stress mediated reduction in carotid artery vasodilation (all P &lt;= .05).	Superoxides	141-151	telomeric repeat binding factor 2	Mus musculus	0-4
30401703-8	2019	Together, these data identify leukemia-generated NOX2-derived superoxide as a driver of protumoral p16INK4a-dependent senescence in BM stromal cells.	Superoxides	62-72	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A	Mus musculus	99-107
30790510-9	2019	To detoxify excess superoxide as a consequence of lowered Nos2, an overexpressed SOD2 in Stat5b silenced cells results in increased H2O2 production.	Superoxides	19-29	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	58-62
30790510-9	2019	To detoxify excess superoxide as a consequence of lowered Nos2, an overexpressed SOD2 in Stat5b silenced cells results in increased H2O2 production.	Superoxides	19-29	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	81-85
30769841-8	2019	By contrast, the contents of malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion of StDREB2-overexpressing transgenic plants were significantly lower than that of the wild type plants.	Superoxides	68-84	ethylene-responsive transcription factor ERF010-like	Solanum tuberosum	88-95
29334762-7	2019	Whereas PE serum, ox-LDL, progesterone, or soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1) elevated superoxide levels via elevating NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) and NOX4 levels and reducing superoxide dismutase (SOD) 1 levels, thereby downregulating KCas.	Superoxides	96-106	fms related receptor tyrosine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	51-77
29334762-7	2019	Whereas PE serum, ox-LDL, progesterone, or soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1) elevated superoxide levels via elevating NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) and NOX4 levels and reducing superoxide dismutase (SOD) 1 levels, thereby downregulating KCas.	Superoxides	96-106	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	180-208
30460537-2	2019	Though superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) overexpression may protect against ROS damage to the autonomic nervous system, superoxide radical reduction may change normal physiological functions.	Superoxides	7-17	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	31-35
30678135-6	2019	Ang II stimulation increased the expression of Ang II receptor 1 (AT1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), tumor growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) mRNA, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activity and the levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion ( O2-) and reduced anti-oxidant enzyme activity.	Superoxides	319-335	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
30678135-6	2019	Ang II stimulation increased the expression of Ang II receptor 1 (AT1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), tumor growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) mRNA, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activity and the levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion ( O2-) and reduced anti-oxidant enzyme activity.	Superoxides	311-313	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
30406221-3	2019	In order to monitor O2 - level fluctuations in living cells, we synthesized two reaction-type probes of TPA-DHP-1,2,3 and TPA-PPA-1,2,3, which were composed of an electron-rich triphenylamine (TPA) and the very active functional groups of dihydropyridine (DHP) and pyridinium (PPA).	Superoxides	20-22	inorganic pyrophosphatase 1	Homo sapiens	126-135
30342014-2	2019	The effect of NDS27, its excipients (hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin and lysine), curcumin lysinate and curcumin were compared on the release of superoxide anion by PMNs using a chemiluminescence assay and on the enzymatic activity of MPO.	Superoxides	145-161	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	235-238
30318012-7	2019	NADPH oxidase includes five NOX and two dual oxidases (DUOX1 and DUOX2) subfamilies that through the production of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, play key roles in oxidative stress and several signaling pathways involved in early and late effects of ionizing radiation.	Superoxides	115-125	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	65-70
31298161-7	2019	NRF-2 mediated antioxidant mechanism always suppresses the formation of superoxide (O2-) as well as other reactive oxygen species (ROS).	Superoxides	72-82	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
31298161-7	2019	NRF-2 mediated antioxidant mechanism always suppresses the formation of superoxide (O2-) as well as other reactive oxygen species (ROS).	Superoxides	84-86	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
31619606-6	2019	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase produces superoxide which mediates the anticancer activity of TS.	Superoxides	69-79	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	0-59
30804795-6	2019	Intracellular generation of O2 - decreased phosphorylation of RBC-NOS at its primary activation site (Ser1177) (p &lt; 0.001), while phosphorylation of Akt kinase at its active residue (Ser473) was also diminished (p &lt; 0.001).	Superoxides	28-30	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	152-155
30804795-10	2019	Impaired RBC deformability induced by intracellular O2 - may be due, in part, to impaired activation of PI3K/Akt, and downstream signaling with RBC-NOS.	Superoxides	52-54	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	109-112
29206074-4	2019	In particular, the flow cytometry assay that we describe here allowed us to confirm that thrombin, collagen-related peptide (CRP) and arachidonic acid but not adenosine diphosphate (ADP) stimulate superoxide anion formation in a concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	197-213	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	89-97
29792152-3	2019	RESULTS: AR contributes in diabetes by generating excess intracellular superoxide and other mediators of oxidative stress through polyol pathway.	Superoxides	71-81	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B	Homo sapiens	9-11
30311259-8	2019	Interestingly, we also observed reduced expression of iron regulatory protein 2 along with impaired activity of mitochondrial aconitase and reduced mitochondrial superoxide formation in restless legs syndrome subjects.	Superoxides	162-172	iron responsive element binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	54-79
29206074-5	2019	0.1unit/ml thrombin, 3 mug/ml CRP and 30 muM arachidonic acid are commonly used to stimulate platelets in vitro and here were shown to stimulate a significant increase in superoxide anion formation.	Superoxides	171-187	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	11-19
30290302-5	2019	Catalase as well as the antioxidants N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and glutathione (GSH) partially inhibited the cytotoxic effect of DDC + HOCbl, whereas ascorbate, pyruvate, and tiron, a scavenger of superoxide anion, had no cytoprotective effect.	Superoxides	194-210	catalase	Homo sapiens	0-8
30583677-6	2018	Conclusions: High lipid peroxidationis an important risk factor for breast cancer and the increased levels of superoxide anion in breast cancer cells may bea reason for the induction of SOD activity.	Superoxides	110-126	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	186-189
30388683-0	2019	Calcium signals between the ryanodine receptor- and mitochondria critically regulate the effects of arsenite on mitochondrial superoxide formation and on the ensuing survival vs apoptotic signaling.	Superoxides	126-136	ryanodine receptor 1	Homo sapiens	28-46
30394045-6	2018	Moreover, the atg1 and atg8 mutants aggregated more H2O2 and O2 - than the wild-type yeast.	Superoxides	54-56	ubiquitin-like protein ATG8	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	23-27
30394045-7	2018	In addition, inhibitors of the ROS scavenging enzyme induced expression of the ATG1 and ATG8 genes by increasing the levels of H2O2 and O2 -.	Superoxides	129-131	ubiquitin-like protein ATG8	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	88-92
30394045-8	2018	In contrast, glutathione (GSH) and N-acetylcystine (NAC) decreased the ATG1 and ATG8 expression by reducing H2O2 and O2 - production.	Superoxides	110-112	ubiquitin-like protein ATG8	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	80-84
30134499-0	2018	Neutrophil priming that turns natural FFA2R agonists into potent activators of the superoxide generating NADPH-oxidase.	Superoxides	83-93	free fatty acid receptor 2	Homo sapiens	38-43
30622668-6	2018	Kallistatin via its heparin-binding site antagonizes TNF-alpha-induced senescence and superoxide formation, while kallistatin"s active site is essential for inhibiting miR-34a synthesis, thus elevating sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)/eNOS synthesis in EPCs.	Superoxides	86-96	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	53-62
30273834-5	2018	These nanocarriers targeted to caveolar Plasmalemmal Vesicle-Associated Protein (Plvap) deliver superoxide dismutase (SOD) into endosomes in endothelial cells, the specific site of influx of superoxide mediating by such pro-inflammatory signaling as some cytokines and lipopolysaccharide (LPS).	Superoxides	96-106	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	118-121
30193891-7	2018	MnSOD then converts superoxide into hydrogen peroxide, which activates ERK1/2 to promote tumor cell migration and activates FAK to promote tumor cell adhesion.	Superoxides	20-30	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	71-77
30293142-9	2018	Ang II induced the expression of NADPH oxidase and caused superoxide anion accumulation, which were attenuated by propofol.	Superoxides	58-74	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	0-6
30317185-2	2018	NOX-generated superoxide has been suggested to promote insulin resistance in the liver.	Superoxides	14-24	insulin	Homo sapiens	55-62
29981238-10	2018	CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Angiotensin II in the CNS facilitates micturition reflex by inhibiting central GABAergic activity and activating the AT1 receptor/PLC/PKC/NADPH oxidase/superoxide anion pathway.	Superoxides	182-198	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	30-44
30774882-7	2019	Furthermore, we found that the tumour necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) functions as a positive mediator of O2 - generation.	Superoxides	102-104	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	55-64
30110572-0	2018	Superoxide via Sp3 mechanism increases renal renin activity, renal AT1 receptor function, and blood pressure in rats.	Superoxides	0-10	Sp3 transcription factor	Rattus norvegicus	15-18
30110572-1	2018	We tested a hypothesis that superoxide, by inducing Sp3, increases renal renin activity, renal angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) function, and blood pressure (BP) in rats.	Superoxides	28-38	Sp3 transcription factor	Rattus norvegicus	52-55
30411067-4	2018	Drought was imposed at the booting stage by withholding water for 21 d. Foliar-sprayed nanoceria (10 mg L-1) efficiently reduced leaf superoxide radical (41%) and hydrogen peroxide (36%) levels and decreased cell membrane lipid peroxidation (37%) under drought.	Superoxides	134-152	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-16	Homo sapiens	104-107
30464607-0	2018	Knockdown of PRL-3 increases mitochondrial superoxide anion production through transcriptional regulation of RAP1.	Superoxides	43-59	protein tyrosine phosphatase 4A3	Homo sapiens	13-18
30464607-11	2018	Results: Knockdown of PRL-3 significantly increases mitochondrial superoxide anion, mitochondria membrane potential, and induces cell cycle arrest.	Superoxides	66-82	protein tyrosine phosphatase 4A3	Homo sapiens	22-27
30464607-12	2018	Decreased PRL-3-induced mitochondrial superoxide anion accumulation is related to the downregulation of RAP1, which could also affect the level of mitochondria superoxide anion.	Superoxides	38-54	protein tyrosine phosphatase 4A3	Homo sapiens	10-15
30464607-12	2018	Decreased PRL-3-induced mitochondrial superoxide anion accumulation is related to the downregulation of RAP1, which could also affect the level of mitochondria superoxide anion.	Superoxides	38-54	TERF2 interacting protein	Homo sapiens	104-108
30464607-12	2018	Decreased PRL-3-induced mitochondrial superoxide anion accumulation is related to the downregulation of RAP1, which could also affect the level of mitochondria superoxide anion.	Superoxides	160-176	protein tyrosine phosphatase 4A3	Homo sapiens	10-15
30464607-12	2018	Decreased PRL-3-induced mitochondrial superoxide anion accumulation is related to the downregulation of RAP1, which could also affect the level of mitochondria superoxide anion.	Superoxides	160-176	TERF2 interacting protein	Homo sapiens	104-108
30464607-15	2018	Both PRL-3 and RAP1 could regulate the expression of manganese superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and the uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), which may be related to PRL-3 suppression induced mitochondria superoxide anion.	Superoxides	193-209	protein tyrosine phosphatase 4A3	Homo sapiens	5-10
30464607-15	2018	Both PRL-3 and RAP1 could regulate the expression of manganese superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and the uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), which may be related to PRL-3 suppression induced mitochondria superoxide anion.	Superoxides	193-209	TERF2 interacting protein	Homo sapiens	15-19
30464607-15	2018	Both PRL-3 and RAP1 could regulate the expression of manganese superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and the uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), which may be related to PRL-3 suppression induced mitochondria superoxide anion.	Superoxides	193-209	protein tyrosine phosphatase 4A3	Homo sapiens	154-159
30464607-16	2018	Conclusion: Our study presents the first evidence that PRL-3 is involved in the regulation of mitochondria superoxide anion as a transcriptional factor.	Superoxides	107-123	protein tyrosine phosphatase 4A3	Homo sapiens	55-60
30347803-8	2018	In addition, the scavenging capability of PSC-MC on hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion radical was higher than those of DPPH radical and ABTS radical, which suggested that ASC-SC and PSC-SC might be served as hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion radical scavenger in cosmeceutical products for protecting skins from photoaging and ultraviolet damage.	Superoxides	233-257	PYD and CARD domain containing	Homo sapiens	175-178
30337619-8	2018	Both AAT and PLTP reduced neutrophil degranulation and superoxide production, possibly though their inhibition of the Src tyrosine kinase, Hck.	Superoxides	55-65	serpin family A member 1	Homo sapiens	5-8
30337619-8	2018	Both AAT and PLTP reduced neutrophil degranulation and superoxide production, possibly though their inhibition of the Src tyrosine kinase, Hck.	Superoxides	55-65	phospholipid transfer protein	Homo sapiens	13-17
29873936-9	2018	Some of the key enzyme systems generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) like superoxide which may prevent EDR.	Superoxides	75-85	paternally expressed 10	Homo sapiens	104-107
29802924-6	2018	Importantly, fraction RRP1 demonstrated stronger antioxidative activities than RRP2 by scavenging DPPH, hydroxyl and superoxide anion radicals in vitro.	Superoxides	117-142	ribosomal RNA processing 1	Mus musculus	22-26
30073804-1	2018	BACKGROUND: We have previously shown that the deletion of the superoxide scavenger, CuZn superoxide dismutase, in mice (Sod1-/- mice) results in increased oxidative stress and an accelerated loss of skeletal muscle mass and force that mirror the changes seen in old control mice.	Superoxides	62-72	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	120-124
30309503-7	2018	Our results showed that administration of 100muM of H2O2 on HUVECs for 2, 6, 12 and 24 h induced a time-dependent increase in ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 mRNA and protein expression levels with a significant increase observed from 6 h. HUVECs exposed to H2O2 exhibit increased O2-, suggesting that H2O2 induced oxidative stress may be a reasonable for atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	54-56	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	137-143
30319243-12	2018	Conclusion: Lactobacillus strains with dismutase-like activity are more effective in alleviating intestinal inflammation than strains producing catalase, suggesting that superoxide anion radical decomposition is crucial in this process.	Superoxides	170-186	catalase	Mus musculus	144-152
30093535-6	2018	Our results indicate that inhibition of Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission by the outer mitochondrial AKAP1/PKA complex protects neurons from ischemic stroke by maintaining respiratory chain activity, inhibiting superoxide production, and delaying Ca2+ deregulation.	Superoxides	214-224	dynamin 1-like	Mus musculus	40-44
30093535-10	2018	Mechanistically, we show that electron transport deficiency, increased superoxide production, and Ca2+ overload result from genetic disinhibition of Drp1.	Superoxides	71-81	dynamin 1-like	Mus musculus	149-153
30209406-3	2018	The latter are strongly influenced by pH for all three hemoglobins - (with a fundamental involvement of the distal histidine), as well as by added anion concentrations - suggesting either a process dominated by nucleophilic displacement of superoxide for AtHb2 or an inhibitory effect for AtHb1 and AtHb3.	Superoxides	240-250	homeobox protein 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	255-260
30534079-10	2018	In the heart and skeletal muscle, mitochondria, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases, uncoupled nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and xanthine oxidase are major ROS sources producing superoxide anion (O2 -) and/or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	201-217	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	120-141
30534079-10	2018	In the heart and skeletal muscle, mitochondria, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases, uncoupled nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and xanthine oxidase are major ROS sources producing superoxide anion (O2 -) and/or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	219-223	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	120-141
30483268-4	2018	In response to C5a stimulation, MK2-/- neutrophils generated less superoxide in which both NADPH oxidase activation and p47phox phosphorylation were decreased.	Superoxides	66-76	MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 2	Mus musculus	32-35
30424581-3	2018	MEOS induction accelerates the metabolism of ethanol to acetaldehyde that facilitates organ injury including the liver, and it produces via CYP 2E1 many reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as ethoxy radical, hydroxyethyl radical, acetyl radical, singlet radical, superoxide radical, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical, alkoxyl radical, and peroxyl radical.	Superoxides	262-280	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily E member 1	Homo sapiens	140-147
30110572-1	2018	We tested a hypothesis that superoxide, by inducing Sp3, increases renal renin activity, renal angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) function, and blood pressure (BP) in rats.	Superoxides	28-38	angiotensin II receptor, type 1b	Rattus norvegicus	95-125
30110572-1	2018	We tested a hypothesis that superoxide, by inducing Sp3, increases renal renin activity, renal angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) function, and blood pressure (BP) in rats.	Superoxides	28-38	angiotensin II receptor, type 1b	Rattus norvegicus	127-131
30110572-17	2018	Taken together, our results suggest that superoxide activates renal Sp3 via lysine acetylation increasing renin activity, AT1R function, and BP in rats.	Superoxides	41-51	Sp3 transcription factor	Rattus norvegicus	68-71
30110572-17	2018	Taken together, our results suggest that superoxide activates renal Sp3 via lysine acetylation increasing renin activity, AT1R function, and BP in rats.	Superoxides	41-51	angiotensin II receptor, type 1b	Rattus norvegicus	122-126
30607738-1	2018	The characteristics of the formation of the superoxide radical anion ([Formula: see text]) and hydrogen peroxide by xanthine oxidases isolated from microorganisms and from cow"s milk were investigated.	Superoxides	44-68	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	178-182
30354808-9	2018	In conclusion, both O2- from p47phox/NOX2 and H2O2 from NOX4/POLDIP2 enhance maximal arteriolar Ang II contractions from RRM mice during high salt, but H2O2 and NOX4/POLDIP2 reduce the sensitivity to lower concentrations of Ang II by &gt;100-fold.	Superoxides	20-22	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	96-102
30179714-8	2018	High level of mitochondrial superoxide generation was observed in the transfected cells and NS3-4A and NS4A triggered a cascade of activation starting from caspase-9, then caspase-7 and caspase-3 that ultimately led to the cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase PARP.	Superoxides	28-38	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	186-195
30384445-6	2018	We found that the release of superoxide, together with the expression of NOX2 subunits p47phox, p-p47phox, and the upstream PI3Kgamma/AKT signaling were all down-regulated by 8e, both in the penumbral region of the rat brain and in the primary cultured microglia subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD).	Superoxides	29-39	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	134-137
30384445-7	2018	With the use of siRNA and pharmacological inhibitors, we further demonstrated that 8e regulates the formation of superoxide in activated microglia through the PI3Kgamma/AKT/NOX2 signaling pathway and subsequently prevents neuronal death in neighboring neurons.	Superoxides	113-123	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	169-172
30037290-0	2018	pLG72 induces superoxide radicals via interaction and aggregation with SOD1.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	71-75
30004839-1	2018	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD), one of three mammalian SOD isoforms, is the sole extracellular enzymatic defense against superoxide.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-42
30004839-1	2018	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD), one of three mammalian SOD isoforms, is the sole extracellular enzymatic defense against superoxide.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	39-42
28601846-8	2018	Interestingly, the deficient superoxide production was reversed by treatment of patients" neutrophils and whole blood with toll-like receptor 7/8 (TLR7/8) agonists.	Superoxides	29-39	toll like receptor 7	Homo sapiens	123-145
30135489-7	2018	Furthermore, we found that argirein blocked the endothelin (ET)-1/Nox4 signal-dependent superoxide (O2-.)	Superoxides	88-98	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	48-65
30135489-7	2018	Furthermore, we found that argirein blocked the endothelin (ET)-1/Nox4 signal-dependent superoxide (O2-.)	Superoxides	100-102	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	48-65
28601846-8	2018	Interestingly, the deficient superoxide production was reversed by treatment of patients" neutrophils and whole blood with toll-like receptor 7/8 (TLR7/8) agonists.	Superoxides	29-39	toll like receptor 7	Homo sapiens	147-153
29957360-10	2018	This study provides evidence that the anti-osteoclastic effect of CAPE depends upon the attenuated superoxide anion production, which is closely related with interruption of an active Nox1 complex formation due to the attenuated catalytic subunit Nox1 expression resulting from suppression of the IKKbeta/IkappaBalpha/NF-kappaB and JNK/AP-1 signaling pathway and the down-regulation of the p47phox subunit translocation to the cell membrane.	Superoxides	99-115	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells inhibitor, alpha	Mus musculus	305-317
29957360-10	2018	This study provides evidence that the anti-osteoclastic effect of CAPE depends upon the attenuated superoxide anion production, which is closely related with interruption of an active Nox1 complex formation due to the attenuated catalytic subunit Nox1 expression resulting from suppression of the IKKbeta/IkappaBalpha/NF-kappaB and JNK/AP-1 signaling pathway and the down-regulation of the p47phox subunit translocation to the cell membrane.	Superoxides	99-115	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	318-327
29953407-2	2018	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is the first line of defense against reactive oxygen species (ROS), eliminating the strong superoxide radical and producing H2O2, which can then be degraded by catalase (CAT).	Superoxides	118-136	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
29953407-2	2018	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is the first line of defense against reactive oxygen species (ROS), eliminating the strong superoxide radical and producing H2O2, which can then be degraded by catalase (CAT).	Superoxides	118-136	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
29953407-2	2018	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is the first line of defense against reactive oxygen species (ROS), eliminating the strong superoxide radical and producing H2O2, which can then be degraded by catalase (CAT).	Superoxides	118-136	catalase	Homo sapiens	187-195
29953407-2	2018	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is the first line of defense against reactive oxygen species (ROS), eliminating the strong superoxide radical and producing H2O2, which can then be degraded by catalase (CAT).	Superoxides	118-136	catalase	Homo sapiens	197-200
30038429-5	2018	Mechanistically, although both AdipoRon and APN activate AMPK and p38 MAPK in an AdipoR-dependent manner that elicits survival signals, only AdipoRon induces rapid mitochondrial dysfunction through mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, followed by superoxide production via RIPK1 and ERK1/2 activation.	Superoxides	239-249	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Homo sapiens	44-47
29987037-7	2018	In addition, we report that extracellular superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3) is required to convert superoxide to hydrogen peroxide, which acts as the key signaling molecule for follicle rupture, independent of MMP2 activation.	Superoxides	42-52	Superoxide dismutase 3	Drosophila melanogaster	66-70
28891325-4	2018	Low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress, balance between superoxide and nitric oxide, and the infiltration of macrophages, T cells, and B cells in insulin-sensitive tissues lead to metabolic impairment and accelerated aging.	Superoxides	58-68	insulin	Homo sapiens	148-155
29473951-5	2018	In ARPE-19 and CCD-841 cells, activation of GPR109A by high concentrations of the agonists 4-HNE (&gt;=10 muM), niacin (&gt;=1000 muM) and 3-OHBA (&gt;=1000 muM) induced apoptosis accompanied by elevated Ca2+ and superoxide levels.	Superoxides	213-223	hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2	Homo sapiens	44-51
29989545-4	2018	In sel-12 mutants, elevated endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondrial Ca2+ signaling leads to an increase in mitochondrial Ca2+ content which stimulates mitochondrial respiration resulting in an increase in mitochondrial superoxide production.	Superoxides	220-230	Presenilin sel-12	Caenorhabditis elegans	3-9
29989545-5	2018	By reducing ER Ca2+ release, mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake or mitochondrial superoxides in sel-12 mutants, we demonstrate rescue of the mitochondrial metabolic defects and prevent neurodegeneration.	Superoxides	72-83	Presenilin sel-12	Caenorhabditis elegans	87-93
30140407-1	2018	Objectives: Human superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) is the cytosolic form of this enzyme it detoxifies superoxide anions and attenuates their toxicities and concomitant detrimental effects on the cells.	Superoxides	99-116	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	18-40
31565647-6	2018	Moreover, RQ-PCR analysis revealed that the enhanced cytotoxic effect of As2O3 in the presence of melatonin is mediated, at least partly, through suppressing the expression of NF-kappaB anti-apoptotic target genes such as MCL-1, BCL-2, survivin, XIAP, and c-IAP1 in breast cancer cells.	Superoxides	73-78	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	176-185
31565647-6	2018	Moreover, RQ-PCR analysis revealed that the enhanced cytotoxic effect of As2O3 in the presence of melatonin is mediated, at least partly, through suppressing the expression of NF-kappaB anti-apoptotic target genes such as MCL-1, BCL-2, survivin, XIAP, and c-IAP1 in breast cancer cells.	Superoxides	73-78	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	229-234
30140407-1	2018	Objectives: Human superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) is the cytosolic form of this enzyme it detoxifies superoxide anions and attenuates their toxicities and concomitant detrimental effects on the cells.	Superoxides	99-116	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	42-46
30140407-10	2018	More valuable information could probably be provided about the variety of the diseases caused by superoxide anions toxicities by intervention and application of the non-viral method for expressions of SOD1 and SOD3 enzymes.	Superoxides	97-114	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	201-205
30140407-10	2018	More valuable information could probably be provided about the variety of the diseases caused by superoxide anions toxicities by intervention and application of the non-viral method for expressions of SOD1 and SOD3 enzymes.	Superoxides	97-114	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	210-214
29738376-7	2018	In vitro, NXT reduced lipopolysaccharide-activated adhesion of THP-1 monocytes to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by inhibiting expression of adhesion molecules and interleukin 6, and reducing production of mitochondrial superoxide that is related to activation of antioxidant enzymes expression.	Superoxides	237-247	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	63-68
29559385-1	2018	Oxidative stress exhibits a central role in the course of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a progressive neurodegenerative disease commonly found to include a copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) gene mutation.	Superoxides	175-185	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	197-201
29953508-8	2018	Interleukin-1-beta and interferon-gamma also increase mitochondrial superoxide levels (P &lt; 0.05), which may reinforce the inhibition of pyruvate oxidation, and cause a modest (20%) but significant (P &lt; 0.01) loss of INS-1E cells.	Superoxides	68-78	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	0-18
29946898-6	2018	IL-6 affected also the mitochondrial membrane potential together with elevated mitochondrial superoxide generation, and glycogen deposition was reduced.	Superoxides	93-103	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	0-4
29792324-5	2018	The results indicated that Mn2+aq was oxidized to birnessite by superoxide radicals (O2 -) generated from the photolysis of NO3- under UV irradiation.	Superoxides	64-74	NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist	Homo sapiens	124-127
29792324-5	2018	The results indicated that Mn2+aq was oxidized to birnessite by superoxide radicals (O2 -) generated from the photolysis of NO3- under UV irradiation.	Superoxides	85-87	NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist	Homo sapiens	124-127
29601810-0	2018	2",3-dihydroxy-5-methoxybiphenyl suppresses fMLP-induced superoxide anion production and cathepsin G release by targeting the beta-subunit of G-protein in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	57-73	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	44-48
29601810-6	2018	RIR-2 inhibited fMLP-induced superoxide anion production (IC50:2.57 +- 0.22 muM), cathepsin G release (IC50:18.72 +- 3.76 muM) and migration in a concentration dependent manner.	Superoxides	29-45	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	16-20
29601810-11	2018	RIR-2 specifically modulates fMLP-mediated neutrophil superoxide anion production and cathepsin G release by inhibiting the interaction between Gbeta-protein with downstream signaling which subsequently interferes with the activation of intracellular calcium, PLCgamma2, AKT, p38, PKC, ERK, p47ph x and p40phox.	Superoxides	54-70	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	29-33
30086537-3	2018	GRSF1 levels declined in senescent cells through reduced protein stability, and lowering GRSF1 abundance caused mitochondrial stress leading to elevated production of superoxide, increased DNA damage foci, and diminished cell proliferation.	Superoxides	167-177	G-rich RNA sequence binding factor 1	Homo sapiens	89-94
29891006-1	2018	BACKGROUND: SOD1 is an abundant enzyme that has been studied as a regulator of the antioxidant defence system, and this enzyme is well known for catalyzing the dismutation of superoxide into hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	175-185	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	12-16
29891006-10	2018	We demonstrated that these mechanisms of SOD1 partly exist to maintain low levels of the superoxide anion and to avoid the accumulation of lipid droplets via enhanced CPT1A-mediated fatty acid oxidation.	Superoxides	89-105	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	41-45
28888781-8	2018	Siglec-8-mediated ROS was generated through reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activation because pretreatment of eosinophils with catalase (an extracellular superoxide scavenger) or NSC 23766 (a Rac GTPase inhibitor) completely inhibited Siglec-8-mediated eosinophil apoptosis.	Superoxides	191-201	catalase	Homo sapiens	164-172
29505165-7	2018	The detection limit of PST-NA to O2.- was estimated to be 2.1 nm min-1 over 60 min of detection.	Superoxides	33-35	CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group)	Homo sapiens	65-70
29867936-9	2018	On the other hand, superoxide production in heart homogenates was elevated already in 6-month-old Tgalphaq*44 mice and progressively increased to high levels in 14-month-old Tgalphaq*44 mice, while the enzymatic activity of catalase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase was all elevated as early as in 4-month-old Tgalphaq*44 mice and stayed at a similar level in 14-month-old Tgalphaq*44.	Superoxides	19-29	catalase	Mus musculus	224-232
29734380-7	2018	There was a significant correlation between antimycin A-induced calcium responses and mitochondrial superoxide in wild-type "responding" A1/V1+ neurons, which was eliminated in TRPA1-/- neurons, but not TRPV1-/- neurons.	Superoxides	100-110	BCL2 related protein A1	Homo sapiens	137-142
29782017-5	2018	With the addition of enzymes such as ascorbate oxidase (AO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) to the assays, we can determine which portion of tPMET is due to ascorbate export or superoxide production, respectively.	Superoxides	64-74	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	86-89
29723291-10	2018	Cu content and the activity of anti-oxidant enzyme Cu/Zn-dependent superoxide dismutase, SOD1, were lower in Prnp0/0 and Tg(PrPDeltaOR)/Prnp0/0 lungs than in WT lungs.	Superoxides	67-77	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	89-93
29672130-0	2018	NADPH oxidase 4-derived superoxide mediates flow-stimulated NKCC2 activity in thick ascending limbs.	Superoxides	24-34	solute carrier family 12 member 1	Homo sapiens	60-65
29672130-4	2018	We hypothesized that raising luminal flow augments NKCC2 activity by enhancing superoxide ([Formula: see text]) production by NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4).	Superoxides	79-89	solute carrier family 12 member 1	Homo sapiens	51-56
29210363-5	2018	The ROS level was dependent on the nitric oxide and superoxide producers iNOS and NOX1, respectively, suggesting peroxynitrite as the effector molecule.	Superoxides	52-62	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	73-77
29529199-5	2018	In this study we explored the hypothesis that superoxide anions participate in the generation of the Parkin and PINK1 associated phenotypic effect by testing the capacity of endogenous and exogenous superoxide dismutating molecules to rescue the toxic effects induced by loss of PINK1 or Parkin, in both cellular and fly models.	Superoxides	46-56	parkin	Drosophila melanogaster	101-107
29371030-4	2018	By applying western blot, it was found that hr5F alleviates the high glucose-induced superoxide overproduction insults by regulating SIRT1-PGC-1alpha/Nrf2 pathway, together with regulating NRF-1, mtTFA, Bax/Bcl-2 to ameliorate cell apoptosis.	Superoxides	85-95	PPARG coactivator 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	139-149
29578208-5	2018	Neutrophils that overexpress ACE have an increased production of superoxide, which increases their ability to kill bacteria.	Superoxides	65-75	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	29-32
29371030-4	2018	By applying western blot, it was found that hr5F alleviates the high glucose-induced superoxide overproduction insults by regulating SIRT1-PGC-1alpha/Nrf2 pathway, together with regulating NRF-1, mtTFA, Bax/Bcl-2 to ameliorate cell apoptosis.	Superoxides	85-95	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	150-154
29371030-4	2018	By applying western blot, it was found that hr5F alleviates the high glucose-induced superoxide overproduction insults by regulating SIRT1-PGC-1alpha/Nrf2 pathway, together with regulating NRF-1, mtTFA, Bax/Bcl-2 to ameliorate cell apoptosis.	Superoxides	85-95	transcription factor A, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	196-201
29364969-8	2018	In addition, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), a scavenger of O2-, inhibitors of growth factor receptors and of c-Src, all inhibited the overexpression of cell cycle proteins cyclin D1 and cdk4 in VSMC from SHR.	Superoxides	53-55	cyclin D1	Rattus norvegicus	166-175
29431796-1	2018	A new turn-on near-infrared fluorescence probe (BDP) based on dibenzo[a,c]phenazine for superoxide anion detection with aggregation-induced emission properties as well as a desirable large Stokes shift was designed and synthesized.	Superoxides	88-104	AT-rich interaction domain 3B	Homo sapiens	48-51
29431796-2	2018	After BDP reacted with superoxide, the initial diphenyl-phosphinyl groups of BDP were cleaved, resulting in the production of the pyridinium modified fluorophore (BD) with near-infrared emission.	Superoxides	23-33	AT-rich interaction domain 3B	Homo sapiens	6-9
29431796-2	2018	After BDP reacted with superoxide, the initial diphenyl-phosphinyl groups of BDP were cleaved, resulting in the production of the pyridinium modified fluorophore (BD) with near-infrared emission.	Superoxides	23-33	AT-rich interaction domain 3B	Homo sapiens	77-80
29431796-3	2018	The fluorescent sensor BDP has a high selectivity for superoxide anions over some other intracellular ROSs, reductants, metal ions and amino acids.	Superoxides	54-71	AT-rich interaction domain 3B	Homo sapiens	23-26
29431796-4	2018	When HepG2 cells undergo apoptosis and inflammation, BDP is a good probe to keep track of the endogenous superoxide anion level by confocal laser scanning microscopic imaging.	Superoxides	105-121	AT-rich interaction domain 3B	Homo sapiens	53-56
29402381-5	2018	Specifically, lowering of mitochondrial CoQ caused insulin resistance in adipocytes as a result of increased superoxide/hydrogen peroxide production via complex II.	Superoxides	109-119	insulin	Homo sapiens	51-58
28914882-6	2018	During differentiation, SOD2 was specifically induced to eliminate excess mitochondrial superoxide and protein oxidation, whereas SIRT3 expression was increased to enhance SOD2 activity through deacetylation of K68.	Superoxides	88-98	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	24-28
29149638-5	2018	Evaluation of the superoxide-scavenging activity between Cygb variants showed that the DeltaC and DeltaNC mutants exhibited slightly higher activity involving superoxide scavenging as compared with wild-type Cygb.	Superoxides	18-28	cytoglobin	Homo sapiens	57-61
29149638-5	2018	Evaluation of the superoxide-scavenging activity between Cygb variants showed that the DeltaC and DeltaNC mutants exhibited slightly higher activity involving superoxide scavenging as compared with wild-type Cygb.	Superoxides	18-28	cytoglobin	Homo sapiens	208-212
29149638-5	2018	Evaluation of the superoxide-scavenging activity between Cygb variants showed that the DeltaC and DeltaNC mutants exhibited slightly higher activity involving superoxide scavenging as compared with wild-type Cygb.	Superoxides	159-169	cytoglobin	Homo sapiens	57-61
29207156-0	2018	MAPK inhibitors, particularly the JNK inhibitor, increase cell death effects in H2O2-treated lung cancer cells via increased superoxide anion and glutathione depletion.	Superoxides	125-141	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	34-37
29207156-6	2018	Intracellular ROS levels were significantly increased in the H2O2-treated cells at 1 and 24 h. Only the JNK inhibitor increased ROS levels in the H2O2-treated cells at 1 h and all MAPK inhibitors raised superoxide anion levels in these cells at 24 h. In addition, H2O2 induced GSH depletion in Calu-6 and A549 cells and the JNK inhibitor significantly enhanced GSH depletion in H2O2-treated cells.	Superoxides	203-219	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	104-107
29207156-9	2018	The enhanced effect of MAPK inhibitors, especially the JNK inhibitor, on cell death in H2O2-treated lung cancer cells was correlated with increased O2 - levels and GSH depletion.	Superoxides	89-91	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	55-58
29143938-10	2018	Additionally, Lv-shR-IL-1R1 treatment prevented an increase in superoxide anion and pro-inflammatory cytokines (PICs, TNF-alpha and IL-1beta) in the PVN of SHR, and upregulated anti-inflammatory cytokine (AIC, IL-10) expression.	Superoxides	63-79	interleukin 1 receptor type 1	Rattus norvegicus	14-27
29246840-3	2018	Mitochondrial antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) are sensitive to O2 tension.	Superoxides	79-81	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	35-55
29246840-3	2018	Mitochondrial antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) are sensitive to O2 tension.	Superoxides	79-81	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	57-60
29594540-4	2018	As a sensing material for monitoring superoxide anion (O2 -) and typically operated at 0.5 V (vs. SCE), it displays high sensitivity (9.6 muA muM-1 cm-2), a low detection limit (9.7 nM at S/N = 3), a wide linear response range (10 nM to 10 muM), and fast response (1.6 s).	Superoxides	37-53	latexin	Homo sapiens	142-145
29594540-4	2018	As a sensing material for monitoring superoxide anion (O2 -) and typically operated at 0.5 V (vs. SCE), it displays high sensitivity (9.6 muA muM-1 cm-2), a low detection limit (9.7 nM at S/N = 3), a wide linear response range (10 nM to 10 muM), and fast response (1.6 s).	Superoxides	55-57	latexin	Homo sapiens	142-145
28837882-4	2018	Accumulation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species triggers granular mitochondria formation, while mitoTEMPO (a mitochondria-targeted superoxide scavenger) restores tubular mitochondrial morphology within Abeta-treated neurons.	Superoxides	137-147	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	208-213
28837882-5	2018	Interestingly, modulations of mitochondria fission and fusion by genetic and pharmacological tools attenuated not only the induction of granular mitochondria, but also mitochondrial superoxide levels in Abeta-treated neurons.	Superoxides	182-192	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	203-208
28982074-6	2018	Here, we tested our hypothesis that autophagy is required for IL-13-mediated superoxide production via the NADPH oxidase DUOX1.	Superoxides	77-87	interleukin 13	Homo sapiens	62-67
28982074-11	2018	Under parallel culture conditions, IL-13 and IL-4 increased intracellular superoxide levels as determined by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy.	Superoxides	74-84	interleukin 13	Homo sapiens	35-40
28982074-11	2018	Under parallel culture conditions, IL-13 and IL-4 increased intracellular superoxide levels as determined by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy.	Superoxides	74-84	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	45-49
28982074-13	2018	Silencing DUOX1 by siRNA attenuated IL-13-mediated increases in superoxide, but did not reduce autophagy activities.	Superoxides	64-74	interleukin 13	Homo sapiens	36-41
28982074-14	2018	Notably, depletion of autophagy regulatory protein ATG5 significantly reduced superoxide without diminishing total DUOX1 levels.	Superoxides	78-88	autophagy related 5	Homo sapiens	51-55
29743977-4	2018	Stimulation of FPR1 by N-fMLP induces p47phox phosphorylation, which is the crucial event for NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production.	Superoxides	118-128	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	15-19
29743977-4	2018	Stimulation of FPR1 by N-fMLP induces p47phox phosphorylation, which is the crucial event for NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production.	Superoxides	118-128	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	25-29
29632821-1	2018	Mitochondrial uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) mediates free fatty acid (FA)-dependent H+ translocation across the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM), which leads to acceleration of respiration and suppression of mitochondrial superoxide formation.	Superoxides	222-232	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	0-34
29632821-1	2018	Mitochondrial uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) mediates free fatty acid (FA)-dependent H+ translocation across the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM), which leads to acceleration of respiration and suppression of mitochondrial superoxide formation.	Superoxides	222-232	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	36-40
29301787-1	2018	OBJECTIVE: Copper transporter ATP7A (copper-transporting/ATPase) is required for full activation of SOD3 (extracellular superoxide dismutase), which is secreted from vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and anchors to endothelial cell surface to preserve endothelial function by scavenging extracellular superoxide.	Superoxides	120-130	ATPase, Cu++ transporting, alpha polypeptide	Mus musculus	30-35
29301787-2	2018	We reported that ATP7A protein expression and SOD3 activity are decreased in insulin-deficient type 1 diabetes mellitus vessels, thereby, inducing superoxide-mediated endothelial dysfunction, which are rescued by insulin treatment.	Superoxides	147-157	ATPase, Cu++ transporting, alpha polypeptide	Mus musculus	17-22
29144009-6	2018	The enzyme kept its functional integrity upon immobilization; therefore, TNS-PDADMAC-SOD showed excellent superoxide radical anion scavenging activity.	Superoxides	106-130	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	85-88
29180450-7	2018	EM analysis disclosed a significant morphological change of mitochondria in the CCD cells of VDAC3-KO mice compared with wildtype mice, which may have been caused by mitochondrial superoxide overload.	Superoxides	180-190	voltage-dependent anion channel 3	Mus musculus	93-98
28579116-5	2018	In addition, over-expression of SIRT3 repressed AngII-induced excessive production of mitochondrial superoxide, as well as mitochondrial dysfunction evidenced by the maintenance of mitochondrial number and morphology, and the stabilization of mitochondrial membrane potential.	Superoxides	100-110	sirtuin 3	Homo sapiens	32-37
29329239-5	2018	Both effectively reduced spontaneous and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-induced extracellular and intracellular accumulation of superoxide radicals, but induced a sharp increase in the oxidation of intracellular 2",7"-dichlorofluorescein upon short exposure.	Superoxides	137-147	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	41-68
29329239-5	2018	Both effectively reduced spontaneous and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-induced extracellular and intracellular accumulation of superoxide radicals, but induced a sharp increase in the oxidation of intracellular 2",7"-dichlorofluorescein upon short exposure.	Superoxides	137-147	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	70-79
29293500-4	2018	Upon silencing of PARP10, mitochondrial superoxide production decreased in line with increased expression of antioxidant genes pointing out lower oxidative stress upon PARP10 silencing.	Superoxides	40-50	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase family member 10	Homo sapiens	18-24
29850654-1	2018	Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) is a metalloenzyme that catalyzes the disproportionation of superoxide into molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	90-100	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-22
29850654-1	2018	Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) is a metalloenzyme that catalyzes the disproportionation of superoxide into molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	90-100	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	24-28
29413528-7	2018	In addition, there is a review of parthanatos in which NO combines with the superoxide anion ( [Formula: see text] ) to form peroxynitrite (ONOO-) that damages DNA and activates poly (ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymerase (PARP).	Superoxides	76-92	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	214-218
29135055-4	2018	Irrespective of glycemic status, colostrum and blood cells treated with IL-4 and IL-17 increased superoxide release in the presence of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC).	Superoxides	97-107	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	72-76
29183727-1	2018	The membrane bound cytochrome b558 composed of gp91-phox and p22-phox proteins, and cytosolic proteins p40-, p47-and p67-phox are important components of superoxide (O2-)-generating system in phagocytes.	Superoxides	154-164	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	117-120
29183727-1	2018	The membrane bound cytochrome b558 composed of gp91-phox and p22-phox proteins, and cytosolic proteins p40-, p47-and p67-phox are important components of superoxide (O2-)-generating system in phagocytes.	Superoxides	166-168	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	117-120
29209893-8	2018	The superoxide anion ( O2-) scavenging ability of SOD-CLP-ELP was 1.5 times that of SOD, and the catalytic efficiency of DAAO-CLP-ELP was 1.7 times that of DAAO.	Superoxides	4-20	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	50-53
29414428-9	2018	These results show that Akt/GSK-3beta/PKCepsilon/eNOS-dependent pathways-mediated superoxide production and apoptosis appear as important factors involved in the observed gender differences.	Superoxides	82-92	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	24-27
29414428-9	2018	These results show that Akt/GSK-3beta/PKCepsilon/eNOS-dependent pathways-mediated superoxide production and apoptosis appear as important factors involved in the observed gender differences.	Superoxides	82-92	protein kinase C, epsilon	Rattus norvegicus	38-48
29732984-9	2018	HFDinduced cardiac collagen deposition and superoxide production were enhanced in Trpv1-/- mice.	Superoxides	43-53	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1	Mus musculus	82-87
28902432-10	2018	CTRP9 significantly enhanced the phosphorylation levels of AMPK, Akt and eNOS, and reduced superoxide production and TNF-alpha levels in PVAT from obese mice.	Superoxides	91-101	C1q and tumor necrosis factor related protein 9	Mus musculus	0-5
29202295-5	2018	Consistently, nth-1 mutants express markers of chronic oxidative stress with high basal phosphorylation of MAP-kinases (MAPK) but further activation of MAPK in response to the superoxide generator paraquat is attenuated.	Superoxides	176-186	Endonuclease III homolog	Caenorhabditis elegans	14-19
29613828-6	2018	TNF-alpha induced mitochondrial dysfunction with impaired basal, ATP-linked, and maximal respiration, decreased cellular ATP synthesis, and increased mitochondrial superoxide production (measured by MitoSOX red fluorescence), which were rescued by inhibiting HDACs with MPT0E014 (1 muM, a Class I and IIb inhibitor), or MS-275 (1 muM, a Class I inhibitor).	Superoxides	164-174	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-9
29216769-12	2018	In summary, zinc induces mitophagy through PINK1 and Beclin1 via ERK leading to the prevention of mitochondrial superoxide generation in the setting of H/R.	Superoxides	112-122	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	65-68
28712304-5	2017	Recent Advances: Thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) regulates NO, H2S, and superoxide production and signaling in several cell types.	Superoxides	64-74	thrombospondin 1	Homo sapiens	17-33
29209893-8	2018	The superoxide anion ( O2-) scavenging ability of SOD-CLP-ELP was 1.5 times that of SOD, and the catalytic efficiency of DAAO-CLP-ELP was 1.7 times that of DAAO.	Superoxides	23-25	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	50-53
29172520-1	2017	A component of the neurotoxicity of the beta amyloid peptide (Abeta) of Alzheimer"s disease is its ability to generate superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals by reaction of its reduced copper complex Abeta/Cu+ with molecular oxygen.	Superoxides	119-129	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	40-60
29172520-1	2017	A component of the neurotoxicity of the beta amyloid peptide (Abeta) of Alzheimer"s disease is its ability to generate superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals by reaction of its reduced copper complex Abeta/Cu+ with molecular oxygen.	Superoxides	119-129	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	62-67
29172520-1	2017	A component of the neurotoxicity of the beta amyloid peptide (Abeta) of Alzheimer"s disease is its ability to generate superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals by reaction of its reduced copper complex Abeta/Cu+ with molecular oxygen.	Superoxides	119-129	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	214-219
28993273-4	2017	However, excess and sustained accumulation of O2 --generating defective mitochondria overpowered the mitophagic machinery, ultimately triggering Bax-dependent apoptosis and NF-kappaB-intervened pro-inflammatory mucosal injury.	Superoxides	46-48	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	145-148
28993273-5	2017	We further observed that stress-induced enhanced serum corticosterone stimulated mitochondrial recruitment of glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which contributed to gut mitochondrial dysfunctions as documented from reduced ETC complex 1 activity, mitochondrial O2 - accumulation, depolarization and hyper-fission.	Superoxides	257-259	nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1	Homo sapiens	110-133
28993273-5	2017	We further observed that stress-induced enhanced serum corticosterone stimulated mitochondrial recruitment of glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which contributed to gut mitochondrial dysfunctions as documented from reduced ETC complex 1 activity, mitochondrial O2 - accumulation, depolarization and hyper-fission.	Superoxides	257-259	nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1	Homo sapiens	135-137
28643395-1	2017	Catalase is an antioxidative enzyme that converts hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) produced by superoxide dismutase from highly reactive superoxide (O2- ) to water and oxygen molecules.	Superoxides	89-99	catalase	Mus musculus	0-8
29162483-4	2017	The amount of H2O2, superoxide anion, nitric oxide release and bacterial CFU were significantly decreased in TNFR1 plus IL-1R blocked macrophages when compared with macrophages having intact receptors at 60 min of S. aureus infection.	Superoxides	20-36	tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 1b	Mus musculus	109-114
28964807-5	2017	We found that the administration of LPS led to mitochondrial oxidative stress and dysfunction as evidenced by increased mitochondrial superoxide production and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP production in the hippocampus.	Superoxides	134-144	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	36-39
29095915-10	2017	In db/db mice, mRNA and protein expression of IL-6 and superoxide (O2-) production were higher, but reduced by anti-IL-6 treatment.	Superoxides	55-65	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	111-120
29095915-10	2017	In db/db mice, mRNA and protein expression of IL-6 and superoxide (O2-) production were higher, but reduced by anti-IL-6 treatment.	Superoxides	67-69	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	111-120
28751023-10	2017	Further, pretreatment with Mito-TEMPO, a mitochondrial superoxide scavenger, blocked TGF-beta-induced mitochondrial superoxide, NOX4 expression and differentiation of human lung fibroblasts.	Superoxides	55-65	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	85-93
28751023-10	2017	Further, pretreatment with Mito-TEMPO, a mitochondrial superoxide scavenger, blocked TGF-beta-induced mitochondrial superoxide, NOX4 expression and differentiation of human lung fibroblasts.	Superoxides	116-126	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	85-93
28751023-12	2017	Collectively, these results suggest that LYCAT is a negative regulator of TGF-beta-induced lung fibroblast differentiation by modulation of mitochondrial superoxide and NOX4 dependent H2O2 generation, and this may serve as a potential therapeutic target for human lung fibrosis.	Superoxides	154-164	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	74-82
29183043-8	2017	Conclusions: B(e)P decreases the endothelium-dependent NO-induced vasodilation in the retinal arterioles through the production of superoxide from NADPH oxidase, which is linked to JNK and p38 kinase.	Superoxides	131-141	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	181-184
29183043-8	2017	Conclusions: B(e)P decreases the endothelium-dependent NO-induced vasodilation in the retinal arterioles through the production of superoxide from NADPH oxidase, which is linked to JNK and p38 kinase.	Superoxides	131-141	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	189-192
28750571-2	2017	Superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1; OMIM: 147450) metabolizes highly reactive and more dangerous superoxide radicals into less reactive molecules.	Superoxides	91-101	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-22
28750571-2	2017	Superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1; OMIM: 147450) metabolizes highly reactive and more dangerous superoxide radicals into less reactive molecules.	Superoxides	91-101	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	24-28
28825980-4	2017	Among the isolated compounds, 7-O-methylcorylifol A and psoralen exhibited potent inhibition (IC50 values &lt;= 10.89 muM) of superoxide anion generation by human neutrophils in response to N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine/cytochalasin B (fMLP/CB).	Superoxides	126-142	latexin	Homo sapiens	118-121
29163205-1	2017	Kinin B1 receptor (B1R) enhanced superoxide anion ([Formula: see text]) production in the vasculature of diabetic rats.	Superoxides	33-49	bradykinin receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	0-17
29163205-1	2017	Kinin B1 receptor (B1R) enhanced superoxide anion ([Formula: see text]) production in the vasculature of diabetic rats.	Superoxides	33-49	bradykinin receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	19-22
29851012-6	2018	Superoxide dismutase (MnSOD, SOD2) from the mitochondrial matrix, as well as superoxide dismutase (Cu/ZnSOD, SOD1) present in small amounts in the mitochondrial intramembrane space, converts superoxide anion to hydrogen peroxide, which can be then converted by catalase to harmless H2O.In the chapter we describe a relation between mitochondrial membrane potential and the rate of ROS formation.	Superoxides	191-207	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	109-113
30130789-3	2018	This pathology can be modeled in hSOD1G93A mice, which have a point mutation in the gene for superoxide dismutase 1.	Superoxides	93-103	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	33-38
29055824-2	2017	Thus, hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is generated via the reaction of myeloperoxidase (from neutrophils and monocytes) with hydrogen peroxide, and peroxynitrous acid (ONOOH), a potent oxidizing and nitrating agent is formed from superoxide radicals and nitric oxide, generated by stimulated macrophages.	Superoxides	223-233	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	64-79
29029079-1	2017	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD, SOD3) protects tissues against oxidative damage by detoxifying superoxide anions, particularly in the lungs and cardiovascular system.	Superoxides	107-124	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	0-34
29029079-1	2017	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD, SOD3) protects tissues against oxidative damage by detoxifying superoxide anions, particularly in the lungs and cardiovascular system.	Superoxides	107-124	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-42
29029079-1	2017	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD, SOD3) protects tissues against oxidative damage by detoxifying superoxide anions, particularly in the lungs and cardiovascular system.	Superoxides	107-124	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	44-48
28974565-8	2017	In cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and cardiofibroblasts, exposure of Ang II decreased angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 protein and increased superoxide generation, cellular proliferation, and migration, which were rescued by pyr1-apelin-13, and Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthase agonist stimulation.	Superoxides	146-156	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	75-81
28974565-9	2017	The increased superoxide generation and apoptosis in cultured cardiofibroblasts in response to Ang II were strikingly prevented by pyr1-apelin-13 which was partially reversed by cotreatment with the Akt inhibitor MK2206.	Superoxides	14-24	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	95-101
28974565-9	2017	The increased superoxide generation and apoptosis in cultured cardiofibroblasts in response to Ang II were strikingly prevented by pyr1-apelin-13 which was partially reversed by cotreatment with the Akt inhibitor MK2206.	Superoxides	14-24	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	199-202
29194441-5	2017	The superoxide dismutase Sod5 is co-induced with Fre8 and our findings are consistent with a model in which extracellular Sod5 acts as partner for Fre8, converting Fre8-derived superoxide to the diffusible H2O2 molecule.	Superoxides	4-14	putative ferric-chelate reductase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	49-53
29194441-5	2017	The superoxide dismutase Sod5 is co-induced with Fre8 and our findings are consistent with a model in which extracellular Sod5 acts as partner for Fre8, converting Fre8-derived superoxide to the diffusible H2O2 molecule.	Superoxides	4-14	putative ferric-chelate reductase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	147-151
29194441-5	2017	The superoxide dismutase Sod5 is co-induced with Fre8 and our findings are consistent with a model in which extracellular Sod5 acts as partner for Fre8, converting Fre8-derived superoxide to the diffusible H2O2 molecule.	Superoxides	4-14	putative ferric-chelate reductase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	147-151
29186034-10	2017	IL-6 has direct effects on endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity and expression as well as increasing vascular superoxide, which rapidly inactivates NO thereby limiting NO bioavailability.	Superoxides	116-126	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	0-4
29078279-8	2017	Importantly, increased H2O2 served as a second messenger and led to the STAT3 dimerization and, hence, activation of antiapoptotic signaling, which eventually significantly suppressed the superoxide burst and decreased the infarct size during the I/R process in cHet mice.	Superoxides	188-198	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Mus musculus	72-77
28916726-4	2017	beta-Lapachone"s therapeutic efficacy partially stems from the drug"s induction of a futile NQO1-mediated redox cycle that causes high levels of superoxide and then peroxide formation, which damages DNA and causes hyperactivation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, resulting in extensive NAD+/ATP depletion.	Superoxides	145-155	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	92-96
28444175-7	2017	Short BTL was associated with high O2.- in PBMNC (P = 0.04) but not in vessels, whereas VTL was related to O2.- in IMA (rho = -0.49, P = 0.004) and SV (rho = -0.52, P = 0.01).	Superoxides	35-37	cysteine rich hydrophobic domain 2	Homo sapiens	6-9
28444175-8	2017	Angiotensin II (AngII) incubation of VSMC (30 days), as a means of stimulating NADPH-oxidases, increased O2.- and reduced TL in carriers of the high-responsiveness P22ph x alleles (P = 0.007).	Superoxides	105-107	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
28444175-8	2017	Angiotensin II (AngII) incubation of VSMC (30 days), as a means of stimulating NADPH-oxidases, increased O2.- and reduced TL in carriers of the high-responsiveness P22ph x alleles (P = 0.007).	Superoxides	105-107	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	16-21
28782506-9	2017	However, only FT iNrf2 cells demonstrated enhanced resistance to doxorubicin and cumene hydroperoxide-mediated increases in mitochondrial superoxide and lipid peroxidation, respectively, and did so in a dox-dependent manner.	Superoxides	138-148	kelch like ECH associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	17-22
28711502-3	2017	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is the major superoxide scavenger in mitochondria, whose activity is regulated by SIRT3-mediated deacetylation, particularly at the Lys68 site (Chen et al., 2011) [5].	Superoxides	10-20	sirtuin 3	Homo sapiens	121-126
28712304-5	2017	Recent Advances: Thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) regulates NO, H2S, and superoxide production and signaling in several cell types.	Superoxides	64-74	thrombospondin 1	Homo sapiens	35-39
29036233-0	2017	Correction: Diabetes-Induced Superoxide Anion and Breakdown of the Blood-Retinal Barrier: Role of the VEGF/uPAR Pathway.	Superoxides	29-45	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	102-106
28715630-1	2017	Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, with a 10% genetic linkage, of which 20% of these cases may be attributed to mutations in superoxide dismutase (SOD1).	Superoxides	171-181	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	193-197
29022898-7	2017	In addition, an SOD mimetic that attenuated the superoxide level suppressed mitophagy, while an SOD inhibitor accumulated cellular superoxide and promoted mitophagy.	Superoxides	131-141	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	96-99
29022898-9	2017	Together, our study sheds light on the link between ROS and mitophagy at a molecular level, and suggests the therapeutic potential of regulating mitophagy through the superoxide-p38-mitophagy axis.	Superoxides	167-177	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	178-181
29025747-7	2017	In ligated carotid arteries, Ucp2-/- mice, compared with wild-type littermates, exhibited accelerated myointimal formation, which was associated with increased superoxide production and can be attenuated by treatment with antioxidant 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidinoxyl (TEMPOL).	Superoxides	160-170	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	29-33
28978450-2	2017	It funnels electrons coming from NADH and ubiquinol to cytochrome c, but it is also capable of producing significant amounts of the free radical superoxide.	Superoxides	145-155	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	55-67
28715643-1	2017	During exposure to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) insult, angiotensin II (AngII)-induced endothelin-1 (ET-1) upregulation in endothelial cells progressively impairs nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability while increasing levels of superoxide anion (O2-) and leading to the onset of endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	222-238	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	54-68
28715643-1	2017	During exposure to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) insult, angiotensin II (AngII)-induced endothelin-1 (ET-1) upregulation in endothelial cells progressively impairs nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability while increasing levels of superoxide anion (O2-) and leading to the onset of endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	222-238	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	70-75
28715643-1	2017	During exposure to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) insult, angiotensin II (AngII)-induced endothelin-1 (ET-1) upregulation in endothelial cells progressively impairs nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability while increasing levels of superoxide anion (O2-) and leading to the onset of endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	222-238	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	85-97
28715643-1	2017	During exposure to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) insult, angiotensin II (AngII)-induced endothelin-1 (ET-1) upregulation in endothelial cells progressively impairs nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability while increasing levels of superoxide anion (O2-) and leading to the onset of endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	222-238	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	99-103
28715643-1	2017	During exposure to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) insult, angiotensin II (AngII)-induced endothelin-1 (ET-1) upregulation in endothelial cells progressively impairs nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability while increasing levels of superoxide anion (O2-) and leading to the onset of endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	240-242	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	54-68
28715643-1	2017	During exposure to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) insult, angiotensin II (AngII)-induced endothelin-1 (ET-1) upregulation in endothelial cells progressively impairs nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability while increasing levels of superoxide anion (O2-) and leading to the onset of endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	240-242	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	70-75
28715643-1	2017	During exposure to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) insult, angiotensin II (AngII)-induced endothelin-1 (ET-1) upregulation in endothelial cells progressively impairs nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability while increasing levels of superoxide anion (O2-) and leading to the onset of endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	240-242	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	85-97
28715643-1	2017	During exposure to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) insult, angiotensin II (AngII)-induced endothelin-1 (ET-1) upregulation in endothelial cells progressively impairs nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability while increasing levels of superoxide anion (O2-) and leading to the onset of endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	240-242	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	99-103
28638979-9	2017	RESULTS: Inhibition of endocytosis prevented priming of superoxide release by TNFalpha and inhibited TNFalpha stimulation and priming of exocytosis of all four granule subsets.	Superoxides	56-66	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	78-86
28600985-7	2017	In HAMECs, insulin-induced time-dependent increases in Nox2 expression and P47phox phosphorylation were echoed by elevations of superoxide production.	Superoxides	128-138	insulin	Homo sapiens	11-18
28600985-11	2017	Finally, insulin induced nitrotyrosine formation which was reversed by inhibiting NO or superoxide generation.	Superoxides	88-98	insulin	Homo sapiens	9-16
28755631-11	2017	In conclusion, upregulation of UCP2 conferred protective effects to the stressed beta-cell through mechanisms not directly associated with superoxide production.	Superoxides	139-149	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	31-35
28961211-4	2017	The anti-inflammatory activities of compounds 1-12 were assessed by measuring their inhibitory effect on N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenyl-alanine/cytochalasin B (fMLP/CB)-induced superoxide anion generation and elastase release in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	179-195	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	162-166
28129719-8	2017	INNOVATION: Real-time changes of mitochondrial H2O2 and GSH in tissue cultures during early RP, and also during controlled production of superoxide and peroxide, reveal significant differences between CA1 and CA3.	Superoxides	137-147	carbonic anhydrase 3	Homo sapiens	209-212
29022898-7	2017	In addition, an SOD mimetic that attenuated the superoxide level suppressed mitophagy, while an SOD inhibitor accumulated cellular superoxide and promoted mitophagy.	Superoxides	48-58	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	16-19
28481867-7	2017	In addition, IL-6, via STAT3-mediated feedback to mitochondria, autonomously adjusts mitochondrial superoxide to levels suitable to maintain stem cell-like activity.	Superoxides	99-109	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	13-17
28481867-7	2017	In addition, IL-6, via STAT3-mediated feedback to mitochondria, autonomously adjusts mitochondrial superoxide to levels suitable to maintain stem cell-like activity.	Superoxides	99-109	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Homo sapiens	23-28
28633086-4	2017	Besides, melatonin markedly decreased the content of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion in melatonin-treated seedlings, which is attributed to the increased total antioxidant capacity, GSH and AsA contents, as well as enzyme activity including ascorbate peroxidase (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and glutathione transferase (GST).	Superoxides	75-91	POD1	Triticum aestivum	248-268
28808297-5	2017	We observed that sPLA2-HDL potently and rapidly inhibited platelet aggregation induced by several agonists, P-selectin expression, GPIIb/IIIa activation and superoxide production, whereas native HDL showed little effects.	Superoxides	157-167	phospholipase A2 group X	Homo sapiens	17-22
28915557-7	2017	Consistent with increased mitochondrial mass and reduced respiratory capacity, p16-deficient PMFs generated increased mitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	132-142	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A	Homo sapiens	79-82
28331062-11	2017	Importantly, HIF-1alpha activation significantly lowered mitochondrial oxygen consumption and superoxide production and increased mitochondrial volume density.	Superoxides	94-104	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	13-23
28317735-3	2017	Ang II increased the generation of superoxide anion from NADPH oxidase, as well as the amount of hydrogen peroxide and nitrotyrosine.	Superoxides	35-51	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
28231483-5	2017	Mechanistically, MnP reduces superoxide to hydrogen peroxide, which activates intracellular Nrf2 signaling leading to the induction of antioxidant enzymes, including MnSOD and catalase, and mitochondrial uncoupling protein 3.	Superoxides	29-39	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	92-96
28900160-6	2017	Moreover, we provide evidence that increased production of mitochondrial superoxide as a consequence of elevated mitochondria activity, contributes to the p38alpha reduced cell survival triggered by sustained p38alpha activation.	Superoxides	73-83	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	155-163
28900160-6	2017	Moreover, we provide evidence that increased production of mitochondrial superoxide as a consequence of elevated mitochondria activity, contributes to the p38alpha reduced cell survival triggered by sustained p38alpha activation.	Superoxides	73-83	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	209-217
28645653-2	2017	Catalase, is an important endogenous antioxidant enzyme that catabolizes hydrogen peroxide produced by the dismutation of superoxide.	Superoxides	122-132	catalase	Mus musculus	0-8
28603086-4	2017	SOD catalyzes the dismutation of the superoxide anion (O2 -) to oxygen (O2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	37-53	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
28437863-9	2017	Mechanistic investigations revealed that SIRT3 overexpression causes manganese superoxide dismutase deacetylation and activation, which depleted intracellular superoxide contents, leading to adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibition and mammalian target of rapamycin C1 activation, resulting in autophagy suppression.	Superoxides	79-89	sirtuin 3	Homo sapiens	41-46
28572500-14	2017	The increased cytoplasmic free Ca2+ concentration along with MYOD, MYOG, and micro-RNA upregulation could be related to reduced O2 - production, which, in turn, favors myogenic regeneration.	Superoxides	128-130	myogenic differentiation 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
28686251-2	2017	Sod1 dismutes superoxide anions to hydrogen peroxide and oxygen.	Superoxides	14-31	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
28544111-4	2017	Kallistatin blocked TNF-alpha-induced superoxide levels, NADPH oxidase activity, and microRNA-21 (miR-21) and p16INK4a synthesis.	Superoxides	38-48	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	20-29
28568315-9	2017	The superoxide radical degradation pathway was identified as over-represented based on the differential expression of the genes GPX7, SOD2 and TYRP1, suggesting a potential role for oxidative stress or inflammatory pathways among low gain-high intake animals.	Superoxides	4-22	glutathione peroxidase 7	Bos taurus	128-132
28568315-9	2017	The superoxide radical degradation pathway was identified as over-represented based on the differential expression of the genes GPX7, SOD2 and TYRP1, suggesting a potential role for oxidative stress or inflammatory pathways among low gain-high intake animals.	Superoxides	4-22	tyrosinase related protein 1	Bos taurus	143-148
28648460-4	2017	The anti-inflammatory activities of compounds 1-6 were evaluated by measuring their ability to suppress N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenyl-alanine/cytochalasin B (fMLP/CB)-induced superoxide anion generation and elastase release in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	178-194	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	161-165
28244682-8	2017	In conclusion, our findings suggest that extracellular histones stimulate the release of endothelial-dependent mediators through an up-regulation in COX-2-PGIS-PGI2 pathway which involves a COX-2-dependent superoxide production that decreases the activity of eNOS and the NO production.	Superoxides	206-216	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	149-154
28244682-8	2017	In conclusion, our findings suggest that extracellular histones stimulate the release of endothelial-dependent mediators through an up-regulation in COX-2-PGIS-PGI2 pathway which involves a COX-2-dependent superoxide production that decreases the activity of eNOS and the NO production.	Superoxides	206-216	prostaglandin I2 synthase	Homo sapiens	155-159
28244682-8	2017	In conclusion, our findings suggest that extracellular histones stimulate the release of endothelial-dependent mediators through an up-regulation in COX-2-PGIS-PGI2 pathway which involves a COX-2-dependent superoxide production that decreases the activity of eNOS and the NO production.	Superoxides	206-216	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	190-195
28282615-8	2017	Furthermore, we found decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial fragmentation and increased mitochondrial superoxide levels in MLN64-overexpressing cells and in NPC1-deficient cells.	Superoxides	125-135	START domain containing 3	Mus musculus	146-151
28282615-9	2017	Consequently, MLN64 expression was increased in NPC1-deficient cells and reduction of its expression restore mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial superoxide levels.	Superoxides	160-170	START domain containing 3	Mus musculus	14-19
28750088-8	2017	The hAOX1 variants were characterized carefully by quantitative differences in their ability to produce superoxide radical.	Superoxides	104-122	aldehyde oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	4-9
28750088-12	2017	Considering the high toxicity of the superoxide in the cell, the hAOX1-L438V SNP variant is an eventual candidate for critical or pathological roles of this natural variant within the human population.	Superoxides	37-47	aldehyde oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	65-70
28804681-6	2017	Both reactions were inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD), but not by catalase, confirming that superoxide anion, and not hydrogen peroxide, is the species oxidizing luminol to produce chemiluminescence.	Superoxides	98-114	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	33-53
28804681-6	2017	Both reactions were inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD), but not by catalase, confirming that superoxide anion, and not hydrogen peroxide, is the species oxidizing luminol to produce chemiluminescence.	Superoxides	98-114	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	55-58
28595002-4	2017	Using recombinant human enzyme, we discovered that DCXR mediates redox cycling of a variety of quinones generating superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and, in the presence of transition metals, hydroxyl radicals.	Superoxides	115-131	dicarbonyl and L-xylulose reductase	Homo sapiens	51-55
28456571-6	2017	Although with SIRT1 silenced, EPO could reverse to some extent DOX-induced mitochondrial superoxide accumulation, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP depletion, it failed to normalize protein expression of PGC-1alpha and its downstream genes.	Superoxides	89-99	erythropoietin	Homo sapiens	30-33
28431961-6	2017	Then, senescence under these conditions showed persistent activation of p53 pathway and mitochondrial dysfunctions, characterized by O2 - generation, inhibition of respiratory complex II activity and over-expression of SOD2 and GPX1 detoxification enzymes.	Superoxides	133-135	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	72-75
28751803-1	2017	Extracellular-superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD or SOD3), which catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide anions into hydrogen peroxide, plays a key role in vascular protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS).	Superoxides	88-105	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-42
28751803-1	2017	Extracellular-superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD or SOD3), which catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide anions into hydrogen peroxide, plays a key role in vascular protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS).	Superoxides	88-105	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	46-50
28199717-6	2017	Levels of ROS in whole C6 cells, and superoxide in the mitochondria of C6 cells immediately after gamma-irradiation, were reduced by IL-6, but this was not observed in RNB cells.	Superoxides	37-47	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	133-137
28263293-4	2017	AOPP challenge rapidly increased the production of intracellular superoxide by activation of NADPH oxidases, demonstrated by p47phox translocation and interaction with p22phox and gp91phox, and this in turn led to apoptosis.	Superoxides	65-75	NSFL1 cofactor	Rattus norvegicus	125-128
28263293-4	2017	AOPP challenge rapidly increased the production of intracellular superoxide by activation of NADPH oxidases, demonstrated by p47phox translocation and interaction with p22phox and gp91phox, and this in turn led to apoptosis.	Superoxides	65-75	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Rattus norvegicus	168-175
28502718-5	2017	Cells over-expressing mtND5 variant produced both peroxide as well as super-oxide ROS; the generation of which was dependent on the functional status of P53; modulating epigenetically the expression of key apoptosis pathway genes.	Superoxides	70-81	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	153-156
27181592-9	2017	Additionally, inhibition of JNK with SP600125 alleviated intracellular accumulation of ROS and attenuated mitochondrial generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	134-144	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	28-31
28504877-6	2017	With the assistance of probe, we found that inhibition of Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) could transduce a signal through mitochondrial complexes I and II to enhance the O2 - and pH levels and eventually induced mitohyperfusion and apoptosis in breast cancer cells.	Superoxides	172-174	dynamin 1-like	Mus musculus	58-83
28504877-6	2017	With the assistance of probe, we found that inhibition of Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) could transduce a signal through mitochondrial complexes I and II to enhance the O2 - and pH levels and eventually induced mitohyperfusion and apoptosis in breast cancer cells.	Superoxides	172-174	dynamin 1-like	Mus musculus	85-89
28588226-5	2017	Both kaempferide and kaempferol significantly suppressed mutant SOD1-induced superoxide in mitochondria.	Superoxides	77-87	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	64-68
28804681-8	2017	Myeloperoxidase (MPO), isolated from human neutrophils, was also able to enhance the superoxide- and hydrogen peroxide-dependent luminol-amplified chemiluminescence.	Superoxides	85-95	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	0-15
28804681-8	2017	Myeloperoxidase (MPO), isolated from human neutrophils, was also able to enhance the superoxide- and hydrogen peroxide-dependent luminol-amplified chemiluminescence.	Superoxides	85-95	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	17-20
28542246-3	2017	Genetic ablation of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), an antioxidant enzyme that acts to reduce O2.- concentration, revealed a new O2.--dependent regulation of IRP1 leading to the reduction of IRP1 protein level and in consequence to the diminution of IRP1 enzymatic and IRE-binding activities.	Superoxides	128-130	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	20-42
26660451-4	2017	Thus, the consequences of the interaction (redox crosstalk) of superoxide/hydrogen peroxide produced by mitochondria with other ROS producing enzymes such as NADPH oxidases (Nox) are of outstanding importance and will be discussed including the consequences for endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) uncoupling as well as the redox regulation of the vascular function/tone in general (soluble guanylyl cyclase, endothelin-1, prostanoid synthesis).	Superoxides	63-73	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	262-295
26660451-4	2017	Thus, the consequences of the interaction (redox crosstalk) of superoxide/hydrogen peroxide produced by mitochondria with other ROS producing enzymes such as NADPH oxidases (Nox) are of outstanding importance and will be discussed including the consequences for endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) uncoupling as well as the redox regulation of the vascular function/tone in general (soluble guanylyl cyclase, endothelin-1, prostanoid synthesis).	Superoxides	63-73	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	414-426
28542246-3	2017	Genetic ablation of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), an antioxidant enzyme that acts to reduce O2.- concentration, revealed a new O2.--dependent regulation of IRP1 leading to the reduction of IRP1 protein level and in consequence to the diminution of IRP1 enzymatic and IRE-binding activities.	Superoxides	128-130	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	44-48
28445457-5	2017	Mechanistically, cardiac pathology was attributed to mCa2+ overload driving increased generation of superoxide and necrotic cell death, which was rescued by genetic inhibition of mitochondrial permeability transition pore activation.	Superoxides	100-110	carbonic anhydrase 2	Mus musculus	53-57
28391978-2	2017	Normally, superoxide dismutase (SOD) converts superoxide anions to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and H2O2 is then naturalized to be water by peroxiredoxin 4.	Superoxides	46-63	peroxiredoxin 4	Rattus norvegicus	136-151
28286065-6	2017	The activation of Nrf2-ARE pathway by PD eventually led to the quenching of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide overproduction boosted by HG.	Superoxides	105-115	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	18-22
28052871-2	2017	We hypothesized that myoglobin enhances the angiotensin II (ANG II) response in afferent arterioles by increasing superoxide and reducing nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability.	Superoxides	114-124	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	44-58
28052871-2	2017	We hypothesized that myoglobin enhances the angiotensin II (ANG II) response in afferent arterioles by increasing superoxide and reducing nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability.	Superoxides	114-124	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	60-66
28052871-14	2017	The results suggest that the enhanced afferent arteriolar reactivity to ANG II is mainly due to a myoglobin-induced increase in superoxide and associated reduction in the NO bioavailability.	Superoxides	128-138	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	72-78
28210753-7	2017	Puerarin-7-O-glucuronide also reversed angiotensin II-induced increases in intracellular superoxide production and NADPH oxidase activity and decreases in total SOD activity.	Superoxides	89-99	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	39-53
28323499-4	2017	EYGF-33 significantly enhanced the production of superoxide anions in the mitochondria of Caco-2 cells; this could activate a mitochondrial apoptotic pathway leading to typical Poly Adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage as observed in the Western blot result.	Superoxides	49-66	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	223-227
28503149-10	2017	In accordance, aortic rings from B1R-/- or B2R-/- mice exhibit decreased NO  bioavailability and increased superoxide generation compared to WT mice, suggesting the involvement of excessive ROS generation in the endothelial dysfunction of B1R-/- and B2R-/- mice.	Superoxides	107-117	bradykinin receptor, beta 1	Mus musculus	33-49
28299863-6	2017	Thus, these data suggest that DKK3 promotes cell survival during oxidative stress by suppressing the expression of the superoxide-producing enzyme XDH.	Superoxides	119-129	dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 3	Homo sapiens	30-34
28414812-4	2017	Unlike previous studies, our experimental design included a genetic approach to alter superoxide levels by using superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1)-deficient mice fed a high methionine/low folate diet to produce hyperhomocysteinemia.	Superoxides	86-96	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	113-135
28414812-4	2017	Unlike previous studies, our experimental design included a genetic approach to alter superoxide levels by using superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1)-deficient mice fed a high methionine/low folate diet to produce hyperhomocysteinemia.	Superoxides	86-96	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	137-141
28122729-7	2017	Using specific reactive oxygen species detection and antioxidants, we have demonstrated that superoxide anions generated by zinc are a key upstream mechanism for PKCalpha activation leading to the subsequent suppression of stem cell features of lung cancer.	Superoxides	93-110	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	162-170
28216161-5	2017	Meanwhile, excessive superoxide production was induced as determined by mitochondrial superoxide formation assay (MitoSOX) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) detection.	Superoxides	21-31	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	127-149
28216161-5	2017	Meanwhile, excessive superoxide production was induced as determined by mitochondrial superoxide formation assay (MitoSOX) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) detection.	Superoxides	21-31	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	151-155
28108311-7	2017	Further, we found that RIP1 and RIP3 regulated shikonin-induced overproduction of ROS via causing excessive generation of mitochondrial superoxide and depletion of GSH, indicating that ROS was the downstream signal of RIP1 and RIP3.	Superoxides	136-146	receptor (TNFRSF)-interacting serine-threonine kinase 1	Mus musculus	23-27
28063347-1	2017	Mycobacterium tuberculosis has distinctive ability to detoxify various microbicidal superoxides and hydroperoxides via a redox catalytic cycle involving thiol reductants of peroxiredoxin (Prx) and thioredoxin (Trx) systems which has conferred on it resistance against oxidative killing and survivability within host.	Superoxides	84-95	thioredoxin	Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv	197-208
28063347-1	2017	Mycobacterium tuberculosis has distinctive ability to detoxify various microbicidal superoxides and hydroperoxides via a redox catalytic cycle involving thiol reductants of peroxiredoxin (Prx) and thioredoxin (Trx) systems which has conferred on it resistance against oxidative killing and survivability within host.	Superoxides	84-95	thioredoxin	Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv	210-213
28542246-0	2017	A drastic superoxide-dependent oxidative stress is prerequisite for the down-regulation of IRP1: Insights from studies on SOD1-deficient mice and macrophages treated with paraquat.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	122-126
28542246-3	2017	Genetic ablation of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), an antioxidant enzyme that acts to reduce O2.- concentration, revealed a new O2.--dependent regulation of IRP1 leading to the reduction of IRP1 protein level and in consequence to the diminution of IRP1 enzymatic and IRE-binding activities.	Superoxides	93-95	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	20-42
28542246-3	2017	Genetic ablation of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), an antioxidant enzyme that acts to reduce O2.- concentration, revealed a new O2.--dependent regulation of IRP1 leading to the reduction of IRP1 protein level and in consequence to the diminution of IRP1 enzymatic and IRE-binding activities.	Superoxides	93-95	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	44-48
28250190-4	2017	Superoxide anion production and translocation of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2) and nuclear transcription factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) subunit p65 to the nucleus and the activation of their target genes were quantified.Results: Pretreatment of HUVECs with 1,25(OH)2D3 prevented the leptin-induced increase in superoxide anion production (P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	0-16	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	94-98
28115850-9	2017	TLR4/NF-kappaB and Nrf2 pathways were upregulated with high-fat diet intake in mice, resulting in reduction of superoxide dismutase activity and increase in superoxide radical, H2O2, malondialdehyde, XO, XDH, and XO/XDH ratio.	Superoxides	157-175	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	0-4
28153500-7	2017	The increase in EGFR and HER2 transactivation caused by ET-1 addition to NSCLC cells was inhibited by lapatinib (EGFR and HER2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)), gefitinib (EGFR TKI), ZD4054 or BQ-123 (ETAR antagonist), GM6001 (matrix metalloprotease inhibitor), PP2 (Src inhibitor) or Tiron (superoxide scavenger).	Superoxides	292-302	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	16-20
28153500-7	2017	The increase in EGFR and HER2 transactivation caused by ET-1 addition to NSCLC cells was inhibited by lapatinib (EGFR and HER2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)), gefitinib (EGFR TKI), ZD4054 or BQ-123 (ETAR antagonist), GM6001 (matrix metalloprotease inhibitor), PP2 (Src inhibitor) or Tiron (superoxide scavenger).	Superoxides	292-302	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	25-29
28153500-7	2017	The increase in EGFR and HER2 transactivation caused by ET-1 addition to NSCLC cells was inhibited by lapatinib (EGFR and HER2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)), gefitinib (EGFR TKI), ZD4054 or BQ-123 (ETAR antagonist), GM6001 (matrix metalloprotease inhibitor), PP2 (Src inhibitor) or Tiron (superoxide scavenger).	Superoxides	292-302	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	56-60
28188272-8	2017	The aldehyde-dependent differential generation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide by AAO4 and the induction of AAO4 expression by hydrogen peroxide shown here suggest a self-amplification mechanism for detoxifying additional reactive aldehydes produced during stress.	Superoxides	50-60	aldehyde oxidase 4	Arabidopsis thaliana	86-90
28039839-5	2017	The renal cortex of the LPS-treated rats showed: i) increased expression of inflammatory molecules (TNF-alpha, iNOS and IL-6); ii) activation of several steps of NF-kappaB pathway; iii) overexpression of TLR4, and iv) higher superoxide anion production and lipid peroxidation index in association with increased levels of gp91phox and p47phox (NOX2) and NOX4.	Superoxides	225-241	toll-like receptor 4	Rattus norvegicus	204-208
28186992-4	2017	Bioinformatics analyses of these DEPs revealed that autophagy and several pathways associated with autophagy, such as mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, p70S6K signaling, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)-mediated oxidative stress and superoxide radical degradation, were dysregulated.	Superoxides	265-283	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	184-227
28235709-11	2017	CONCLUSIONS: LPC induced nNOS uncoupling and nNOSSer852 phosphorylation, reduced NO and H2O2 production and improved superoxide production by modulating ERK1/2 activity in human and murine endothelial cells.	Superoxides	117-127	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	153-159
28366987-5	2017	Coexisting catalase in the reaction mixture, as a result, could increase O2 - generation.	Superoxides	73-75	catalase	Homo sapiens	11-19
28366987-6	2017	The catalase-exaggerated extracellular O2 - generation could give a harmful effect to living cells.	Superoxides	39-41	catalase	Homo sapiens	4-12
28179303-1	2017	Tumor cells, in contrast to non-malignant cells, show sustained expression of membrane-associated NADPH oxidase-1 and therefore generate extracellular superoxide anions and their dismutation product H2O2 In order to prevent intercellular reactive oxygen species/reactive nitrogen species (ROS/RNS)-dependent apoptosis-inducing signaling, tumor cells need to express membrane-associated catalase that interferes with HOCl and nitric oxide/peroxynitrite signaling.	Superoxides	151-168	catalase	Homo sapiens	386-394
28179303-2	2017	Catalase is attached to tumor cells through the activity of transglutaminase-2 and is prevented from superoxide anion-dependent inhibition through coexpression of membrane-associated superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	101-117	catalase	Homo sapiens	0-8
28032259-0	2017	Role of the NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase NQR and the cytochrome b AIR12 in controlling superoxide generation at the plasma membrane.	Superoxides	89-99	plasma membrane ascorbate-reducible b-type cytochrome family protein	Glycine max	68-73
27889641-0	2017	Increased mitochondrial superoxide in the brain, but not periphery, sensitizes mice to angiotensin II-mediated hypertension.	Superoxides	24-34	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	87-101
27889641-1	2017	Angiotensin II (AngII) elicits the production of superoxide (O2 -) from mitochondria in numerous cell types within peripheral organs and in the brain suggesting a role for mitochondrial-produced O2 - in the pathogenesis of hypertension.	Superoxides	49-59	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	0-14
27889641-1	2017	Angiotensin II (AngII) elicits the production of superoxide (O2 -) from mitochondria in numerous cell types within peripheral organs and in the brain suggesting a role for mitochondrial-produced O2 - in the pathogenesis of hypertension.	Superoxides	49-59	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	16-21
27889641-1	2017	Angiotensin II (AngII) elicits the production of superoxide (O2 -) from mitochondria in numerous cell types within peripheral organs and in the brain suggesting a role for mitochondrial-produced O2 - in the pathogenesis of hypertension.	Superoxides	61-63	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	0-14
27889641-1	2017	Angiotensin II (AngII) elicits the production of superoxide (O2 -) from mitochondria in numerous cell types within peripheral organs and in the brain suggesting a role for mitochondrial-produced O2 - in the pathogenesis of hypertension.	Superoxides	61-63	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	16-21
27889641-1	2017	Angiotensin II (AngII) elicits the production of superoxide (O2 -) from mitochondria in numerous cell types within peripheral organs and in the brain suggesting a role for mitochondrial-produced O2 - in the pathogenesis of hypertension.	Superoxides	195-197	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	0-14
27889641-1	2017	Angiotensin II (AngII) elicits the production of superoxide (O2 -) from mitochondria in numerous cell types within peripheral organs and in the brain suggesting a role for mitochondrial-produced O2 - in the pathogenesis of hypertension.	Superoxides	195-197	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	16-21
27889641-4	2017	Herein, we hypothesized that increased mitochondrial O2 - in the absence of pro-hypertensive stimuli, such as AngII, elevates baseline systemic mean arterial pressure (MAP), and that AngII-mediated hypertension is exacerbated in animals with increased mitochondrial O2 - levels.	Superoxides	53-55	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	183-188
27889641-4	2017	Herein, we hypothesized that increased mitochondrial O2 - in the absence of pro-hypertensive stimuli, such as AngII, elevates baseline systemic mean arterial pressure (MAP), and that AngII-mediated hypertension is exacerbated in animals with increased mitochondrial O2 - levels.	Superoxides	266-268	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	183-188
28163078-2	2017	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), an antioxidant enzyme acting within the mitochondria, converts toxic superoxide to hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	32-38
27920123-6	2017	Insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of protein kinase B was increased in hIRECO EC as was Nox2 NADPH oxidase-dependent generation of superoxide, whereas insulin-stimulated and shear stress-stimulated eNOS activations were blunted.	Superoxides	132-142	insulin	Homo sapiens	0-7
27920123-9	2017	CONCLUSIONS: Enhancing insulin sensitivity specifically in EC leads to a paradoxical decline in endothelial function, mediated by increased tyrosine phosphorylation of eNOS and excess Nox2-derived superoxide.	Superoxides	197-207	insulin	Homo sapiens	23-30
27920123-10	2017	Increased EC insulin sensitivity leads to a proatherosclerotic imbalance between NO and superoxide.	Superoxides	88-98	insulin	Homo sapiens	13-20
27920123-12	2017	This study demonstrates for the first time that increased endothelial insulin sensitivity leads to a proatherosclerotic imbalance between NO and superoxide.	Superoxides	145-155	insulin	Homo sapiens	70-77
27349771-1	2017	We investigated the responses of mice that are defective in the superoxide-scavenging enzyme SOD1 to thioacetamide (TAA)-induced hepatotoxicity.	Superoxides	64-74	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	93-97
27649046-6	2017	Overall, the data show that the superoxide scavenger MnTBAP attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by targeting VEGF and Wnt signaling pathways.	Superoxides	32-42	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	121-125
28025796-9	2017	Exogenous IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta enhanced superoxide, ROS, and XO in the PMNs of control and MB+PQ-treated rats; however, IFN- gamma was found to be the most potent inducer.	Superoxides	54-64	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	21-30
28025796-9	2017	Exogenous IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta enhanced superoxide, ROS, and XO in the PMNs of control and MB+PQ-treated rats; however, IFN- gamma was found to be the most potent inducer.	Superoxides	54-64	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	36-44
28038454-5	2017	In addition, we explored the mechanism by which superoxide regulates the apoptotic effect of intense heat stress, and found that it involved Bcl-2 down-regulation through ubiquitin - proteasomal degradation.	Superoxides	48-58	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	141-146
28038454-6	2017	Superoxide production also led to Bcl-2 dephosphorylation through inactivation of MAP kinase ERK1/2, which promoted Bcl-2 ubiquitination.	Superoxides	0-10	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	34-39
28038454-6	2017	Superoxide production also led to Bcl-2 dephosphorylation through inactivation of MAP kinase ERK1/2, which promoted Bcl-2 ubiquitination.	Superoxides	0-10	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	93-99
28038454-6	2017	Superoxide production also led to Bcl-2 dephosphorylation through inactivation of MAP kinase ERK1/2, which promoted Bcl-2 ubiquitination.	Superoxides	0-10	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	116-121
28228725-2	2017	The water-soluble CORM-A1 reduced apoptosis and NADPH oxidase (NOX)-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha/cycloheximide (CHX) in mouse MODE-K intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), without influencing TNF-alpha/CHX-induced mitochondrial superoxide anion ([Formula: see text]).	Superoxides	279-295	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	117-138
27736201-12	2017	Interestingly, ET1-shRNA prevented cold-induced superoxide production and cardiac hypertrophy.	Superoxides	48-58	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	15-18
28087333-5	2017	We demonstrate that the absence of NNT in 6J cells led to distinct mitochondrial bioenergetic profiles and a pro-oxidative mitochondrial phenotype characterized by increased superoxide production and reduced glutathione peroxidase activity.	Superoxides	174-184	nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase	Mus musculus	35-38
27540894-5	2017	We observed that the level of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), an enzyme responsible for reducing superoxide radicals in mitochondria, was increased by RANKL.	Superoxides	44-54	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	68-72
27907863-6	2017	The two complexes catalyze the dismutation of superoxide (superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity) and peroxide (catalase (CAT) activity) in basic medium.	Superoxides	46-56	catalase	Homo sapiens	109-117
27907863-6	2017	The two complexes catalyze the dismutation of superoxide (superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity) and peroxide (catalase (CAT) activity) in basic medium.	Superoxides	46-56	catalase	Homo sapiens	119-122
28013172-5	2017	Treatment of roots with thenoyltrifluoroacetone, a non-competitive inhibitor of SDH, markedly reduced root growth and induced both superoxide and H2O2 production in a dose dependent manner.	Superoxides	131-141	SDH	Hordeum vulgare	80-83
28013172-6	2017	Similar to results obtained in intact roots, Hg strongly inhibited SDH activity in the crude mitochondrial fraction and caused a considerable increase of superoxide production, which was markedly reduced by the competitive inhibitors of SDH.	Superoxides	154-164	SDH	Hordeum vulgare	237-240
26419261-4	2017	Superoxide anion production was assessed by the determination of the reduction of cytochrome c and iodonitrotetrazolium, lipid peroxidation (LPO), metallothioneins (MTs), and catalase (CAT) activity.	Superoxides	0-16	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	175-183
26419261-4	2017	Superoxide anion production was assessed by the determination of the reduction of cytochrome c and iodonitrotetrazolium, lipid peroxidation (LPO), metallothioneins (MTs), and catalase (CAT) activity.	Superoxides	0-16	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	185-188
28167915-9	2017	Superoxide generation in polymorphonuclear neutrophil cells were established using relative luminescence units (PMNs RLU) at baseline (pre-HPX) and immediately after hypoxia induction (post-HPX6).	Superoxides	0-10	ladybird homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	190-194
28452586-4	2017	Consistent with that, mice with adipocyte-specific deletion of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) exhibit increased adipocyte superoxide generation and are protected from weight gain and insulin resistance which otherwise develops in wild-type (WT) mice that consume an obesogenic diet.	Superoxides	73-83	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	95-100
27247097-10	2017	We speculate that the uraemic state might serve to sensitize the central actions of other sympathoexcitatory factors, including renal afferent nerve inputs to the CNS and angiotensin II, by way of recruiting convergent superoxide-dependent and pro-inflammatory pathways.	Superoxides	219-229	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	171-185
29047081-6	2017	In parallel with these different cellular sites of superoxide production, the three SOD isoforms are also specifically localized to the cytosol (SOD1), mitochondria (SOD2) or extracellular compartment (SOD3).	Superoxides	51-61	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	84-87
29047081-6	2017	In parallel with these different cellular sites of superoxide production, the three SOD isoforms are also specifically localized to the cytosol (SOD1), mitochondria (SOD2) or extracellular compartment (SOD3).	Superoxides	51-61	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	145-149
29047081-6	2017	In parallel with these different cellular sites of superoxide production, the three SOD isoforms are also specifically localized to the cytosol (SOD1), mitochondria (SOD2) or extracellular compartment (SOD3).	Superoxides	51-61	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	202-206
28849474-9	2017	Superoxide anion production in activated PMN from CSAD KO homozygotes (HO) was not significantly different from wild-type (WT) with and without 25 mM taurine.	Superoxides	0-16	cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase	Mus musculus	50-54
27556956-6	2017	The production of superoxide anion in KO-Rtp801 MLF was lower than that in Rtp801 Wt cells after CSE treatment, and it was inhibited in Wt MLF by silencing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase-4 (Nox4) expression with small interfering Nox4 RNA.	Superoxides	18-34	DNA-damage-inducible transcript 4	Mus musculus	41-47
28794327-5	2017	The current response at the Nafion /poly(FeT3ThP)-modified electrode exhibited good linearity in the O2-  and NO concentration ranges 1.3 - 4.1, and 0.5 - 10 muM, respectively.	Superoxides	101-103	latexin	Homo sapiens	158-161
27757734-11	2017	Furthermore, CRT inhibition significantly blunted APN"s anti-oxidative action (evidenced by gp91phox expression and superoxide generation).	Superoxides	116-126	calreticulin	Mus musculus	13-16
29062837-5	2017	Endothelin-1-induced NADPH oxidase-driven superoxide generation was measured by lucigenin chemiluminescence assays performed with BQ-123 or BQ-788.	Superoxides	42-52	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-12
29062837-12	2017	We conclude that the NK1-mediated neurocompensatory response to balloon injury elicits a contractile hyperreactivity to endothelin-1 in rat contralateral carotid by enhancing the muscular ETB-mediated NADPH oxidase-driven generation of superoxide, which activates calcium channels.	Superoxides	236-246	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	120-132
27737949-5	2017	In high glucose-exposed endothelial cells, metformin treatment and adenoviral overexpression of constitutively active AMPK downregulated mitochondrial superoxide, lowered levels of dynamin-related protein (Drp1) and its translocation into mitochondria, and prevented mitochondrial fragmentation.	Superoxides	151-161	protein kinase, AMP-activated, alpha 2 catalytic subunit	Mus musculus	118-122
28251103-5	2017	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is responsible for detoxification of superoxide anion and required for normal health and reproduction.	Superoxides	64-80	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
28251103-5	2017	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is responsible for detoxification of superoxide anion and required for normal health and reproduction.	Superoxides	64-80	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
28115850-9	2017	TLR4/NF-kappaB and Nrf2 pathways were upregulated with high-fat diet intake in mice, resulting in reduction of superoxide dismutase activity and increase in superoxide radical, H2O2, malondialdehyde, XO, XDH, and XO/XDH ratio.	Superoxides	157-175	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	5-14
28115850-9	2017	TLR4/NF-kappaB and Nrf2 pathways were upregulated with high-fat diet intake in mice, resulting in reduction of superoxide dismutase activity and increase in superoxide radical, H2O2, malondialdehyde, XO, XDH, and XO/XDH ratio.	Superoxides	157-175	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	19-23
28616625-5	2017	A major mechanism associated with the impairment of endothelial function with eNOS deficiency and a high fat diet appears to be related to increases in plasma IL-6 that serves to further reduce the bioavailability of NO either directly or indirectly via reductions in eNOS expression or activity and via increases in vascular superoxide.	Superoxides	326-336	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	159-163
32263743-2	2016	Under nonpathogenic conditions, the natural enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) regulates the intracellular superoxide concentrations, but nearly all tumor tissues show reduced SOD levels.	Superoxides	51-61	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	73-76
29350504-1	2017	Background/Aim: Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is the critical enzyme in the detoxification of superoxide radicals because those are the first species produced in the majority of biological free radical producing reactions.	Superoxides	91-110	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	16-36
29350504-1	2017	Background/Aim: Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is the critical enzyme in the detoxification of superoxide radicals because those are the first species produced in the majority of biological free radical producing reactions.	Superoxides	91-110	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	38-41
27756626-2	2016	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) has a great therapeutic potential by scavenging superoxide that is one of ROS; however, in vivo application is limited especially when it is orally administered.	Superoxides	75-85	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
27756626-2	2016	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) has a great therapeutic potential by scavenging superoxide that is one of ROS; however, in vivo application is limited especially when it is orally administered.	Superoxides	75-85	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
27756626-9	2016	SOD in ZAN (200:40) reduced the intracellular ROS level and it saved 88.9+-7.5% of Caco-2 cells from the toxic superoxide in 4 hours.	Superoxides	111-121	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
28442712-6	2016	Pre-treatment of HCASMC with Cu(II)ATSM protected against the pro-oxidant effects of angiotensin II (Ang II) by attenuating superoxide generation, apoptosis, proliferation and increases in intracellular calcium.	Superoxides	124-134	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	85-99
28442712-6	2016	Pre-treatment of HCASMC with Cu(II)ATSM protected against the pro-oxidant effects of angiotensin II (Ang II) by attenuating superoxide generation, apoptosis, proliferation and increases in intracellular calcium.	Superoxides	124-134	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	101-107
27335373-7	2016	We demonstrate that Plg treatment of podocytes specifically upregulates NADPH oxidase isoforms NOX2/NOX4 and increases production of mitochondrial-dependent superoxide anion (O2-) that promotes endothelin-1 synthesis.	Superoxides	157-173	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	194-206
28018948-4	2017	Both Fpr agonist and galectin-3 activated neutrophils to release superoxide.	Superoxides	65-75	lectin, galactose binding, soluble 3	Mus musculus	21-31
27941944-5	2016	We present EPR spin-trapping proof that: (i) EBN is an efficient probe for the analysis of glutathione thiyl radical (GS ); (ii) beta-cyclodextrins increase the kinetic stability of the spin-adduct EBN/ SG; and (iii) in aqueous solutions, EBN does not react with superoxide anion radical (O2- ) to form EBN/ OOH to any significant extent.	Superoxides	263-287	cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 4 subunit	Homo sapiens	45-48
27941944-5	2016	We present EPR spin-trapping proof that: (i) EBN is an efficient probe for the analysis of glutathione thiyl radical (GS ); (ii) beta-cyclodextrins increase the kinetic stability of the spin-adduct EBN/ SG; and (iii) in aqueous solutions, EBN does not react with superoxide anion radical (O2- ) to form EBN/ OOH to any significant extent.	Superoxides	263-287	cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 4 subunit	Homo sapiens	198-201
27941944-5	2016	We present EPR spin-trapping proof that: (i) EBN is an efficient probe for the analysis of glutathione thiyl radical (GS ); (ii) beta-cyclodextrins increase the kinetic stability of the spin-adduct EBN/ SG; and (iii) in aqueous solutions, EBN does not react with superoxide anion radical (O2- ) to form EBN/ OOH to any significant extent.	Superoxides	263-287	cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 4 subunit	Homo sapiens	198-201
27941944-5	2016	We present EPR spin-trapping proof that: (i) EBN is an efficient probe for the analysis of glutathione thiyl radical (GS ); (ii) beta-cyclodextrins increase the kinetic stability of the spin-adduct EBN/ SG; and (iii) in aqueous solutions, EBN does not react with superoxide anion radical (O2- ) to form EBN/ OOH to any significant extent.	Superoxides	263-287	cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 4 subunit	Homo sapiens	198-201
27941944-5	2016	We present EPR spin-trapping proof that: (i) EBN is an efficient probe for the analysis of glutathione thiyl radical (GS ); (ii) beta-cyclodextrins increase the kinetic stability of the spin-adduct EBN/ SG; and (iii) in aqueous solutions, EBN does not react with superoxide anion radical (O2- ) to form EBN/ OOH to any significant extent.	Superoxides	289-291	cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 4 subunit	Homo sapiens	45-48
27941944-5	2016	We present EPR spin-trapping proof that: (i) EBN is an efficient probe for the analysis of glutathione thiyl radical (GS ); (ii) beta-cyclodextrins increase the kinetic stability of the spin-adduct EBN/ SG; and (iii) in aqueous solutions, EBN does not react with superoxide anion radical (O2- ) to form EBN/ OOH to any significant extent.	Superoxides	289-291	cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 4 subunit	Homo sapiens	198-201
27941944-5	2016	We present EPR spin-trapping proof that: (i) EBN is an efficient probe for the analysis of glutathione thiyl radical (GS ); (ii) beta-cyclodextrins increase the kinetic stability of the spin-adduct EBN/ SG; and (iii) in aqueous solutions, EBN does not react with superoxide anion radical (O2- ) to form EBN/ OOH to any significant extent.	Superoxides	289-291	cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 4 subunit	Homo sapiens	198-201
27941944-5	2016	We present EPR spin-trapping proof that: (i) EBN is an efficient probe for the analysis of glutathione thiyl radical (GS ); (ii) beta-cyclodextrins increase the kinetic stability of the spin-adduct EBN/ SG; and (iii) in aqueous solutions, EBN does not react with superoxide anion radical (O2- ) to form EBN/ OOH to any significant extent.	Superoxides	289-291	cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 4 subunit	Homo sapiens	198-201
27496206-1	2016	Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn], or SOD1, is a homo-dimeric protein that functions as an antioxidant by scavenging for superoxides.	Superoxides	116-127	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-27
27496206-1	2016	Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn], or SOD1, is a homo-dimeric protein that functions as an antioxidant by scavenging for superoxides.	Superoxides	116-127	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
27838438-0	2016	LRRC8A channels support TNFalpha-induced superoxide production by Nox1 which is required for receptor endocytosis.	Superoxides	41-51	leucine rich repeat containing 8 VRAC subunit A	Homo sapiens	0-6
27838438-0	2016	LRRC8A channels support TNFalpha-induced superoxide production by Nox1 which is required for receptor endocytosis.	Superoxides	41-51	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	24-32
27838438-2	2016	In vascular smooth muscle cells, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) activates VRAC via type 1 TNFalpha receptors (TNFR1), and this requires superoxide (O2 -) production by NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1).	Superoxides	144-154	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	33-60
27838438-2	2016	In vascular smooth muscle cells, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) activates VRAC via type 1 TNFalpha receptors (TNFR1), and this requires superoxide (O2 -) production by NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1).	Superoxides	144-154	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	62-70
27838438-2	2016	In vascular smooth muscle cells, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) activates VRAC via type 1 TNFalpha receptors (TNFR1), and this requires superoxide (O2 -) production by NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1).	Superoxides	156-158	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	33-60
27838438-2	2016	In vascular smooth muscle cells, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) activates VRAC via type 1 TNFalpha receptors (TNFR1), and this requires superoxide (O2 -) production by NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1).	Superoxides	156-158	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	62-70
27838438-10	2016	Reducing JNK expression (siJNK) increased extracellular O2 - suggesting that JNK provides important negative feedback regulation to Nox1 at the plasma membrane.	Superoxides	56-58	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	9-12
27838438-10	2016	Reducing JNK expression (siJNK) increased extracellular O2 - suggesting that JNK provides important negative feedback regulation to Nox1 at the plasma membrane.	Superoxides	56-58	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	27-30
27841765-4	2016	Angiotensin II (Ang II) was shown to activate PVMs, causing them to produce superoxide and thereby alter the proper functioning of the adjacent arterioles.	Superoxides	76-86	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
27841765-4	2016	Angiotensin II (Ang II) was shown to activate PVMs, causing them to produce superoxide and thereby alter the proper functioning of the adjacent arterioles.	Superoxides	76-86	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	16-22
28004421-3	2016	Furthermore, PMA- or fMLP-stimulated neutrophils from CBA/CaH mice generated much less superoxide and NETs than similarly stimulated neutrophils from BALB/c mice.	Superoxides	87-97	peroneal muscular atrophy	Mus musculus	13-17
27090969-1	2016	We describe a Japanese man with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) associated with a p.Cys146Arg mutation in the copper/zinc superoxide dismutase gene (SOD1).	Superoxides	135-145	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	162-166
27585756-5	2016	Our results showed that in the LPS/IFNgamma-activated microglia TQ significantly decreased the cellular production of both superoxide and nitric oxide fourfold (p &lt; 0.0001) and sixfold (p &lt; 0.0001), respectfully.	Superoxides	123-133	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	35-43
28078256-3	2016	The degree of hydrolysis, emulsion capacity and stability, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity, and superoxide radical scavenging activity of SPI were significantly increased, but the magnitudes of apparent viscosity, consistency index, and dynamic moduli (G", G"") of SPI were significantly decreased after the combined heating and enzymatic treatments.	Superoxides	122-132	chromogranin A	Homo sapiens	164-167
27744119-6	2016	The superoxide scavengers superoxide dismutase and tempol, and the antioxidant apocynin, were able to avoid this enhanced contractility to angiotensin II in aortic rings from the S60 group.	Superoxides	4-14	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	139-153
27965593-1	2016	The Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is an ubiquitary cytosolic dimeric carbohydrate free molecule, belonging to a family of isoenzymes involved in the scavenger of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	166-183	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	32-36
27897222-10	2016	Therefore, our results demonstrate that gp91phox-derived superoxide is important for promoting efficient osteoclast differentiation by inducing NFATc1 as a downstream signaling mediator of RANK.	Superoxides	57-67	nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic, calcineurin dependent 1	Mus musculus	144-150
27932980-5	2016	TNF-alpha markedly stimulated NADPH oxidase activation and ROS including superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production which were inhibited by pretreatment with a TNFR1 neutralizing antibody, APO, DPI or transfection with siRNA of TRAF2, ASK1, or p47 phox .	Superoxides	73-83	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-9
27861632-4	2016	Exposure to mild hypoxia (5% O2) for 24h reduced cGMP content and induced retinal degeneration by caspase dependent and independent (PARP activation) mechanisms.	Superoxides	29-31	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	133-137
28203527-0	2016	Superoxide increases angiotensin II AT1 receptor function in human kidney-2 cells.	Superoxides	0-10	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	21-35
28203527-13	2016	Taken together, our results suggest that superoxide, but not H2O2, via Sp3 up-regulates AT1R expression and function in the renal cells.	Superoxides	41-51	Sp3 transcription factor	Homo sapiens	71-74
27558805-2	2016	In contrast, NADPH cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (CYP450OR), catalyzes the 1-electron reduction of quinones and xenobiotics, resulting in enhanced superoxide formation.	Superoxides	148-158	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	19-49
27558805-2	2016	In contrast, NADPH cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (CYP450OR), catalyzes the 1-electron reduction of quinones and xenobiotics, resulting in enhanced superoxide formation.	Superoxides	148-158	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	51-59
27558805-5	2016	In contrast, over-expression of NADPH cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (CYP450OR) resulted in enhanced redox cycling activity and decreased cellular viability, consistent with the enhanced generation of superoxide and H2O2.	Superoxides	201-211	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	38-68
27558805-5	2016	In contrast, over-expression of NADPH cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (CYP450OR) resulted in enhanced redox cycling activity and decreased cellular viability, consistent with the enhanced generation of superoxide and H2O2.	Superoxides	201-211	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	70-78
27335373-7	2016	We demonstrate that Plg treatment of podocytes specifically upregulates NADPH oxidase isoforms NOX2/NOX4 and increases production of mitochondrial-dependent superoxide anion (O2-) that promotes endothelin-1 synthesis.	Superoxides	175-177	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	194-206
27847869-6	2016	This impairment increases the levels of superoxide and oxidative stress, which activate AKT via oxidative inactivation of the phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN).	Superoxides	40-50	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	88-91
27544660-6	2016	UCP2 knockout mice revealed enhanced levels of mitochondrial superoxide in elderly animals.	Superoxides	61-71	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	0-4
26990420-2	2016	Extracellular-superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is mainly produced by vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), is secreted into the extracellular space, and protects cells from the damaging effects of the superoxide anion.	Superoxides	198-214	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	0-34
26990420-2	2016	Extracellular-superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is mainly produced by vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), is secreted into the extracellular space, and protects cells from the damaging effects of the superoxide anion.	Superoxides	198-214	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-42
27670145-11	2016	The treatment improved vasorelaxing responses, reversed the vascular remodelling and abolished the effects of angiotensin II on the production of  O2-.	Superoxides	147-149	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	110-124
27540115-4	2016	Superoxide (O2 ( -)) production induced by angiotensin II (AngII) was absent in mouse EBP50 KO VSMC vs. WT.	Superoxides	0-10	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	43-57
27442448-0	2016	NADPH oxidase-produced superoxide mediated a 50-Hz magnetic field-induced epidermal growth factor receptor clustering.	Superoxides	23-33	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	74-106
27442448-9	2016	CONCLUSIONS: Nox-produced superoxide mediated a 50-Hz magnetic field-induced EGFR clustering.	Superoxides	26-36	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	77-81
27614387-9	2016	Production of hydrogen peroxide or superoxide after knockout could be rescued with either human or rat p22phox, but not with the DUOX-maturation factors DUOXA1/A2.	Superoxides	35-45	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Rattus norvegicus	103-110
27687768-7	2016	Furthermore, superoxide anion scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) or NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor apocynin inhibited Ang II-induced activation of Akt and ERK1/2 signaling.	Superoxides	13-29	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	143-146
27687768-7	2016	Furthermore, superoxide anion scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) or NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor apocynin inhibited Ang II-induced activation of Akt and ERK1/2 signaling.	Superoxides	13-29	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	151-157
27503855-4	2016	The activated FFA2R induced superoxide anion secretion at a low level in naive blood neutrophils.	Superoxides	28-44	free fatty acid receptor 2	Homo sapiens	14-19
27380944-5	2016	Whilst, the exponential rise of O2(.-) is secondary to the focal accumulation of higher order lipid raft-Rac1/2-actin oligomers; O2(.-) mediated inactivation and redistribution of ECSOD, accounts for the minimal concentration of H2O2 that the phagocyte experiences.	Superoxides	32-34	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	180-185
27380944-5	2016	Whilst, the exponential rise of O2(.-) is secondary to the focal accumulation of higher order lipid raft-Rac1/2-actin oligomers; O2(.-) mediated inactivation and redistribution of ECSOD, accounts for the minimal concentration of H2O2 that the phagocyte experiences.	Superoxides	129-131	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	180-185
27245461-9	2016	EP4-receptor silencing in primary VSMCs abolished PGE2 inhibition of AngII-induced Nox2 mRNA and superoxide production.	Superoxides	97-107	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	69-74
27649793-6	2016	It was found that IRW treatment could attenuate Ang II-stimulated proliferation, superoxide production, and inflammation in VSMCs.	Superoxides	81-91	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	48-54
27362287-3	2016	Here we tested the hypothesis that IRI modulates renal afferent arteriolar responses to Ang II via increasing superoxide (O2-) or hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ).	Superoxides	110-120	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	88-94
27362287-3	2016	Here we tested the hypothesis that IRI modulates renal afferent arteriolar responses to Ang II via increasing superoxide (O2-) or hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ).	Superoxides	122-124	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	88-94
27297082-1	2016	Previous reports indicate that overexpression of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), an intracellular superoxide (O2 ( -) ) scavenging enzyme, in the brain subfornical organ improves cardiac function in a mouse model of heart failure (HF).	Superoxides	61-71	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	83-90
27297082-1	2016	Previous reports indicate that overexpression of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), an intracellular superoxide (O2 ( -) ) scavenging enzyme, in the brain subfornical organ improves cardiac function in a mouse model of heart failure (HF).	Superoxides	122-126	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	83-90
27567024-1	2016	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD or SOD3) protects against various oxidative stress-related diseases by scavenging reactive superoxides in the extracellular space.	Superoxides	134-145	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-42
27567024-1	2016	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD or SOD3) protects against various oxidative stress-related diseases by scavenging reactive superoxides in the extracellular space.	Superoxides	134-145	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	46-50
26918530-5	2016	Leptin increased superoxide anion (O2 ( ) -) generation from NADPH oxidase (via PI3 K/Akt pathway), NOX2 expression and nitrotyrosine levels.	Superoxides	17-33	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	86-89
27453505-0	2016	Superoxide induces Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation in a TLR-4 and NOX-dependent mechanism.	Superoxides	0-10	signal sequence receptor, delta	Mus musculus	44-48
27453505-0	2016	Superoxide induces Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation in a TLR-4 and NOX-dependent mechanism.	Superoxides	0-10	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	64-69
27453505-5	2016	We hypothesize that superoxide induces NET formation through a signaling cascade involving Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) and neutrophil NADPH Oxidase (NOX).	Superoxides	20-30	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	91-111
27453505-5	2016	We hypothesize that superoxide induces NET formation through a signaling cascade involving Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) and neutrophil NADPH Oxidase (NOX).	Superoxides	20-30	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	113-118
27453505-6	2016	We treated neutrophils with extracellular superoxide and observed NET DNA release, histone H3 citrullination, and increased levels of MPO-DNA complexes occurring in a TLR-4 dependent manner.	Superoxides	42-52	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	167-172
27453505-10	2016	Our study demonstrates a requirement for TLR-4 and NOX in superoxide-induced NETs, and suggests involvement of superoxide-induced NETs in pathophysiologic settings.	Superoxides	58-68	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	41-46
29938962-5	2016	However, only the region containing FPDW 121-124 on Nef is able to induce superoxide production.	Superoxides	74-84	S100 calcium binding protein B	Homo sapiens	52-55
27474077-6	2016	Conversely, IFN-gamma synthesis and IL-12R synthesis were rescued by the addition of exogenous superoxide via the paramagnetic superoxide donor potassium dioxide or superoxide-sufficient dendritic cells.	Superoxides	95-105	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	12-21
27474077-6	2016	Conversely, IFN-gamma synthesis and IL-12R synthesis were rescued by the addition of exogenous superoxide via the paramagnetic superoxide donor potassium dioxide or superoxide-sufficient dendritic cells.	Superoxides	127-137	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	12-21
27474077-6	2016	Conversely, IFN-gamma synthesis and IL-12R synthesis were rescued by the addition of exogenous superoxide via the paramagnetic superoxide donor potassium dioxide or superoxide-sufficient dendritic cells.	Superoxides	127-137	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	12-21
27456244-2	2016	To counter this, the RAS also consists of peptides and receptors which increase nitric oxide release from the endothelium and decrease nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase-related superoxide production.	Superoxides	195-205	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	135-186
27391159-6	2016	Consistent with the in vivo evidence, we show that increased levels of O2.- induced by gelsolin overexpression triggers the secretion of uPA.	Superoxides	71-73	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	137-140
27364911-6	2016	FGF21 inhibited Ang II-enhanced ROS production/superoxide anion levels, rescued the Ang II-reduced Complex IV and citrate synthase activities, and suppressed the Ang II-induced meprin protein expression.	Superoxides	47-63	fibroblast growth factor 21	Homo sapiens	0-5
27317946-5	2016	Myocardial expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a major pro-inflammatory cytokine that causes cardiac dysfunction, was upregulated in mice with endotoxemia, which was accompanied by increases in NOX2 expression, superoxide generation and ERK1/2 phosphorylation.	Superoxides	230-240	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	25-52
27317946-5	2016	Myocardial expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a major pro-inflammatory cytokine that causes cardiac dysfunction, was upregulated in mice with endotoxemia, which was accompanied by increases in NOX2 expression, superoxide generation and ERK1/2 phosphorylation.	Superoxides	230-240	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	54-63
27317946-8	2016	Additionally, pretreatment with ginseng extract inhibited superoxide generation, ERK1/2 phosphorylation and TNF-alpha expression induced by LPS in cultured cardiomyocytes.	Superoxides	58-68	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	140-143
27540115-4	2016	Superoxide (O2 ( -)) production induced by angiotensin II (AngII) was absent in mouse EBP50 KO VSMC vs. WT.	Superoxides	0-10	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	59-64
27540115-4	2016	Superoxide (O2 ( -)) production induced by angiotensin II (AngII) was absent in mouse EBP50 KO VSMC vs. WT.	Superoxides	12-14	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	43-57
27540115-4	2016	Superoxide (O2 ( -)) production induced by angiotensin II (AngII) was absent in mouse EBP50 KO VSMC vs. WT.	Superoxides	12-14	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	59-64
27540115-5	2016	Moreover, ex vivo incubation of aortas with AngII showed a significant increase in O2 ( -) in WT but not EBP50 or Nox1 nulls.	Superoxides	83-85	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	44-49
27262612-3	2016	Remarkably, the CPDs arising in the dark originate by a novel pathway that resembles bioluminescence but does not end in light: First, UV activates the enzymes nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and NADPH oxidase (NOX), which generate the radicals nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide (O2(-)); these combine to form the powerful oxidant peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)).	Superoxides	263-273	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	160-181
27301358-8	2016	These effects were minimized in Apoe(-/-)/Cyp1b1(+/+) mice treated with TMS and in Apoe(-/-)/Cyp1b1(-/-) mice and by concurrent treatment with the superoxide scavenger 4-hydroxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl.	Superoxides	147-157	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	32-36
27262612-3	2016	Remarkably, the CPDs arising in the dark originate by a novel pathway that resembles bioluminescence but does not end in light: First, UV activates the enzymes nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and NADPH oxidase (NOX), which generate the radicals nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide (O2(-)); these combine to form the powerful oxidant peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)).	Superoxides	275-277	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	160-181
27212019-8	2016	Both compounds reached in vivo CNS concentrations compatible with NOX inhibition and thioridazine significantly decreased superoxide levels in the spinal cord of SOD1(G93A) mice in vivo.	Superoxides	122-132	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	162-166
26659944-4	2016	We examined the relationship between AngII-mediated hypertension and the cellular distribution of the superoxide generating NADPH oxidase (NOX) in AVP-expressing hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) neurons in "menopausal" female mice.	Superoxides	102-112	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	37-42
27168055-7	2016	Patient pre-treatment baseline, unstimulated neutrophil superoxide release showed a significant, positive correlation with plasma CRP concentration (p = 0.01).	Superoxides	56-66	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	130-133
27168055-9	2016	The positive, pre-therapy relationship between unstimulated neutrophil superoxide release and plasma CRP is consistent with a protective role for CRP in reducing oxidative stress and systemic inflammation in vivo.	Superoxides	71-81	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	101-104
27210108-1	2016	Controlled endothelial delivery of SOD may alleviate abnormal local surplus of superoxide involved in ischemia-reperfusion, inflammation and other disease conditions.	Superoxides	79-89	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	35-38
27210108-2	2016	Targeting SOD to endothelial surface vs. intracellular compartments is desirable to prevent pathological effects of external vs. endogenous superoxide, respectively.	Superoxides	140-150	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	10-13
27210108-3	2016	Thus, SOD conjugated with antibodies to cell adhesion molecule PECAM (Ab/SOD) inhibits pro-inflammatory signaling mediated by endogenous superoxide produced in the endothelial endosomes in response to cytokines.	Superoxides	137-147	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	6-9
27210108-3	2016	Thus, SOD conjugated with antibodies to cell adhesion molecule PECAM (Ab/SOD) inhibits pro-inflammatory signaling mediated by endogenous superoxide produced in the endothelial endosomes in response to cytokines.	Superoxides	137-147	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	73-76
27210108-5	2016	Ab/SOD enlargement from about 100 to 300nm enhanced amount of cell-bound SOD and protection against extracellular superoxide.	Superoxides	114-124	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	3-6
27210108-9	2016	ICAM-targeted Ab/SOD more effectively mitigated inflammatory signaling by intracellular superoxide in vitro and in animal models, although total uptake was inferior to that of PECAM-targeted Ab/SOD.	Superoxides	88-98	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
27443965-5	2016	vWF silencing prevented AngII-induced increase in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX) activity and superoxide anion (O2-) levels, known triggers of ET-1 expression.	Superoxides	129-145	von Willebrand factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
27443965-5	2016	vWF silencing prevented AngII-induced increase in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX) activity and superoxide anion (O2-) levels, known triggers of ET-1 expression.	Superoxides	147-149	von Willebrand factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
27443965-8	2016	In conclusion, endothelial vWF knockdown prevented Ang II-induced ET-1 upregulation through attenuation of NOX-mediated O2- production.	Superoxides	120-122	von Willebrand factor	Homo sapiens	27-30
27443965-8	2016	In conclusion, endothelial vWF knockdown prevented Ang II-induced ET-1 upregulation through attenuation of NOX-mediated O2- production.	Superoxides	120-122	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	51-57
27118175-9	2016	In summary, these findings suggest that the increased superoxide anion generation in carotid arteries from diabetic rats associated to the increased local nitric oxide synthases expression and activity induced by acute restrain stress were responsible for exacerbating the local formation of peroxynitrite and the contraction induced by angiotensin II.	Superoxides	54-70	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	337-351
27106041-6	2016	In relation to mechanisms, effects of Ang II in SOCS3(+/-) mice were prevented by inhibitors of STAT3, IL-6, NF-kappaB, or superoxide.	Superoxides	123-133	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	38-44
27090160-9	2016	Knockdown of CPEB using intrathecal AS-ODN, reduced the up-regulated mitochondrial superoxide in the spinal dorsal horn in rats with gp120 combined with ddC.	Superoxides	83-93	cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	13-17
27130034-0	2016	Iron-sulfur cluster damage by the superoxide radical in neural tissues of the SOD1(G93A) ALS rat model.	Superoxides	34-44	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	78-82
27130034-9	2016	These results suggest that the superoxide anion may be the cause of the observed oxidative damage to SOD1(G93A) rat neural tissues and that the iron-sulfur clusters may be the source of poorly liganded redox active iron implicated in ALS pathogenesis.	Superoxides	31-47	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	101-105
27184745-4	2016	Endothelial dysfunction is linked to eNOS uncoupling, which consists of a switch from the generation of NO to the generation of superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	128-145	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	37-41
27432987-3	2016	Arabidopsis thaliana SAL1 (AtSAL1) senses changes in photosynthetic redox poise, hydrogen peroxide, and superoxide concentrations in chloroplasts via redox regulatory mechanisms.	Superoxides	104-114	SAL1 phosphatase-like protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	21-25
27432987-3	2016	Arabidopsis thaliana SAL1 (AtSAL1) senses changes in photosynthetic redox poise, hydrogen peroxide, and superoxide concentrations in chloroplasts via redox regulatory mechanisms.	Superoxides	104-114	SAL1 phosphatase-like protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	27-33
27187852-3	2016	In the present study, we investigated whether macrophages of individuals with hypertension show higher nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase-derived superoxide anion production compared with normotensive individuals.	Superoxides	163-179	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	103-154
27140632-6	2016	Both H2S and, remarkably, kri-1-dependent ROS are required for the life extension produced by low levels of the superoxide-generator paraquat and by a mutation that inhibits respiration.	Superoxides	112-122	FERM domain-containing protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	26-31
26844974-0	2016	ET-1 Stimulates Superoxide Production by eNOS Following Exposure of Vascular Endothelial Cells to Endotoxin.	Superoxides	16-26	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
27033009-1	2016	To calculate superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity rapidly and accurately by indirect SOD assays, a formula based on the ratio of the catalytic speed of SOD to the reaction speed of the indicator with superoxide anion was deduced.	Superoxides	199-215	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	13-33
27033009-1	2016	To calculate superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity rapidly and accurately by indirect SOD assays, a formula based on the ratio of the catalytic speed of SOD to the reaction speed of the indicator with superoxide anion was deduced.	Superoxides	199-215	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	35-38
27033009-1	2016	To calculate superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity rapidly and accurately by indirect SOD assays, a formula based on the ratio of the catalytic speed of SOD to the reaction speed of the indicator with superoxide anion was deduced.	Superoxides	199-215	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	84-87
27033009-1	2016	To calculate superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity rapidly and accurately by indirect SOD assays, a formula based on the ratio of the catalytic speed of SOD to the reaction speed of the indicator with superoxide anion was deduced.	Superoxides	199-215	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	84-87
27050287-2	2016	Stimulated neutrophils activate their NADPH oxidase (NOX2) to generate large amounts of superoxide, which acts as a precursor of hydrogen peroxide and other reactive oxygen species that are generated by their heme enzyme myeloperoxidase.	Superoxides	88-98	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	221-236
27050287-4	2016	The superoxide dismutates to hydrogen peroxide, which is used by myeloperoxidase to generate other oxidants, including the highly microbicidal species hypochlorous acid.	Superoxides	4-14	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	65-80
26981929-3	2016	Copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is a primary antioxidative enzyme that scavenges superoxide anion radicals.	Superoxides	89-114	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	34-38
26983705-2	2016	Resting neutrophils become primed by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP), and primed neutrophils generate O2 (-) in response to fMLP or adhesion, respectively.	Superoxides	145-147	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	167-171
27160222-4	2016	Intraplantar injection of superoxide anion activated NF-kappaB and increased cytokine production (IL-1beta, TNF-alpha and IL-10) and oxidative stress (nitrite and lipid peroxidation levels) at the primary inflammatory foci and in the spinal cord (L4-L6).	Superoxides	26-42	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	98-106
27160222-4	2016	Intraplantar injection of superoxide anion activated NF-kappaB and increased cytokine production (IL-1beta, TNF-alpha and IL-10) and oxidative stress (nitrite and lipid peroxidation levels) at the primary inflammatory foci and in the spinal cord (L4-L6).	Superoxides	26-42	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	108-117
27160222-4	2016	Intraplantar injection of superoxide anion activated NF-kappaB and increased cytokine production (IL-1beta, TNF-alpha and IL-10) and oxidative stress (nitrite and lipid peroxidation levels) at the primary inflammatory foci and in the spinal cord (L4-L6).	Superoxides	26-42	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	122-127
26592435-8	2016	Superoxide was increased significantly in PCLS, and Tiron and mito-Tempo dramatically attenuated the response, preventing claudin-4 and claudin-7 dissociation from ZO-1.	Superoxides	0-10	claudin 4	Rattus norvegicus	122-131
26592435-8	2016	Superoxide was increased significantly in PCLS, and Tiron and mito-Tempo dramatically attenuated the response, preventing claudin-4 and claudin-7 dissociation from ZO-1.	Superoxides	0-10	claudin 7	Rattus norvegicus	136-145
27215203-7	2016	The generation of superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals were detected by the cytochrome c reduction assay and the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay.	Superoxides	18-35	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	79-91
26901385-1	2016	The extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3, EC-SOD) enzyme is a major extracellular scavenger of the superoxide anion, a free radical with the potential to cause oxidative damage.	Superoxides	103-119	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	40-44
26901385-1	2016	The extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3, EC-SOD) enzyme is a major extracellular scavenger of the superoxide anion, a free radical with the potential to cause oxidative damage.	Superoxides	103-119	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	46-52
26988296-10	2016	Moreover, (pro)renin receptor expression and local Ang II production were upregulated in skeletal muscle from MI and were attenuated in MI+Aliskiren mice, in tandem with a decrease in superoxide production and NAD(P)H oxidase activities.	Superoxides	184-194	ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal accessory protein 2	Mus musculus	15-29
26781513-5	2016	Ourin vitrostudy revealed a well-defined POD concentration of DOX below which adaptive induction of proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1alpha) -mediated mitochondrial genes, including NRF-1, MnSOD, UCP2, and COX1, concurred with negligible changes in mitochondrial superoxide and cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	292-302	PPARG coactivator 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	158-168
27064285-5	2016	In human grafts, chronic insulin resistance decreased antioxidant enzyme expression and increased superoxide and amyloid formation.	Superoxides	98-108	insulin	Homo sapiens	25-32
27071400-6	2016	Knockdown of Sirt3 in human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) increased intracellular mitochondrial superoxide accumulation, as assessed by electron spin resonance spectroscopy and fluorescence imaging.	Superoxides	98-108	sirtuin 3	Homo sapiens	13-18
26898144-5	2016	IDH2 knockdown decreased the expression of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes I, II and III, which lead to increased mitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	155-165	isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
26908299-9	2016	Further, in cultured human aortic endothelial cells, high glucose levels (30 mmol/l) over 5 days significantly increased superoxide production which was inhibited by downregulation of MRP1 via siRNA.	Superoxides	121-131	ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 1	Homo sapiens	184-188
26896748-5	2016	2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (DMNQ), a superoxide generating agent, mimicked high glucose-suppressed SIRT2 and SIRT6 expression.	Superoxides	43-53	sirtuin 6	Mus musculus	115-120
26873938-8	2016	IFN-gamma ex vivo caused significant endothelial dysfunction, which was reduced by superoxide anion scavenging.	Superoxides	83-99	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-9
26719020-1	2016	BACKGROUND &amp; AIMS: Myeloperoxidase exocytosis and production of hydrogen peroxide via the neutrophil superoxide-generating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase contribute to efficient elimination of bacteria.	Superoxides	105-115	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	23-38
27152019-5	2016	Further analyses revealed that in leaf epidermal cells, XDH1 likely functions as an oxidase, along with the NADPH oxidases RbohD and RbohF, to generate superoxide, which is dismutated into H2O2 The resulting enrichment of H2O2 in the fungal haustorial complex within infected epidermal cells helps to constrain the haustorium, thereby contributing to RPW8-dependent and RPW8-independent powdery mildew resistance.	Superoxides	152-162	xanthine dehydrogenase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	56-60
27148058-4	2016	Both in I/R rats and hypoxia/reoxygenation H9C2 cells, ALDH2 activation suppressed phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1)/Parkin expression, regulating mitophagy, by preventing 4-hydroxynonenal, reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial superoxide accumulation.	Superoxides	263-273	aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1	Rattus norvegicus	55-60
25809076-4	2016	As eNOS produces nitric oxide (NO) and NAD(P)Hoxidase produces superoxide anions (O2 (-) , quenching NO) we propose that the eNOS/NAD(P)Hoxidase protein ratio is a marker of vasodilator capacity.	Superoxides	63-80	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	125-129
25809076-4	2016	As eNOS produces nitric oxide (NO) and NAD(P)Hoxidase produces superoxide anions (O2 (-) , quenching NO) we propose that the eNOS/NAD(P)Hoxidase protein ratio is a marker of vasodilator capacity.	Superoxides	82-84	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	3-7
25809076-4	2016	As eNOS produces nitric oxide (NO) and NAD(P)Hoxidase produces superoxide anions (O2 (-) , quenching NO) we propose that the eNOS/NAD(P)Hoxidase protein ratio is a marker of vasodilator capacity.	Superoxides	82-84	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	125-129
26769958-8	2016	The superoxide anion scavenger decreased hypoxia-induced Fas ligand, Fas death receptors, Fas-associated death domain (FADD), activated caspase-8, and activated caspase-3 (Fas-dependent apoptotic pathway) as well as Bad, activated caspase-9 and activated caspase-3 (mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway), endonuclease G (EndoG), apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), and TUNEL-positive apoptosis.	Superoxides	4-20	caspase 9	Rattus norvegicus	231-240
26769958-8	2016	The superoxide anion scavenger decreased hypoxia-induced Fas ligand, Fas death receptors, Fas-associated death domain (FADD), activated caspase-8, and activated caspase-3 (Fas-dependent apoptotic pathway) as well as Bad, activated caspase-9 and activated caspase-3 (mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway), endonuclease G (EndoG), apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), and TUNEL-positive apoptosis.	Superoxides	4-20	endonuclease G	Rattus norvegicus	309-323
26769958-8	2016	The superoxide anion scavenger decreased hypoxia-induced Fas ligand, Fas death receptors, Fas-associated death domain (FADD), activated caspase-8, and activated caspase-3 (Fas-dependent apoptotic pathway) as well as Bad, activated caspase-9 and activated caspase-3 (mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway), endonuclease G (EndoG), apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), and TUNEL-positive apoptosis.	Superoxides	4-20	endonuclease G	Rattus norvegicus	325-330
26769958-9	2016	The superoxide anion scavenger increased IGF-1, IGF-1R, p-PI3k, p-Akt, p-Bad, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xL (survival pathway).	Superoxides	4-20	BCL2, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	78-83
27079272-2	2016	While hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) affects Ca(2+)-activated CaMKII in vitro, Angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced CaMKIIdelta signaling in cardiomyocytes is Ca(2+) independent and requires NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide, but not its dismutation product H2O2.	Superoxides	202-212	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	73-87
27079272-2	2016	While hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) affects Ca(2+)-activated CaMKII in vitro, Angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced CaMKIIdelta signaling in cardiomyocytes is Ca(2+) independent and requires NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide, but not its dismutation product H2O2.	Superoxides	202-212	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	89-95
27079272-9	2016	The requirement for ONOO(-) in transducing Ang II signaling identifies ONOO(-), which has been viewed as a reactive damaging byproduct of superoxide and nitric oxide, as a mediator of GPCR-CaMKII signaling.	Superoxides	138-148	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	43-49
26840531-5	2016	Moreover, Tf-NGO@HPIP effectively induced cancer-cell apoptosis through activation of superoxide-mediated p53 and MAPK pathways along with inactivation of ERK and AKT.	Superoxides	86-96	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	106-109
26840531-5	2016	Moreover, Tf-NGO@HPIP effectively induced cancer-cell apoptosis through activation of superoxide-mediated p53 and MAPK pathways along with inactivation of ERK and AKT.	Superoxides	86-96	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	114-118
26840531-5	2016	Moreover, Tf-NGO@HPIP effectively induced cancer-cell apoptosis through activation of superoxide-mediated p53 and MAPK pathways along with inactivation of ERK and AKT.	Superoxides	86-96	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	155-158
26840531-5	2016	Moreover, Tf-NGO@HPIP effectively induced cancer-cell apoptosis through activation of superoxide-mediated p53 and MAPK pathways along with inactivation of ERK and AKT.	Superoxides	86-96	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	163-166
26922123-1	2016	Previous studies have demonstrated that intramedullary inhibition of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) increases the blood pressure and superoxide production response to angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion.	Superoxides	126-136	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	69-85
26922123-1	2016	Previous studies have demonstrated that intramedullary inhibition of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) increases the blood pressure and superoxide production response to angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion.	Superoxides	126-136	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	87-91
26922123-1	2016	Previous studies have demonstrated that intramedullary inhibition of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) increases the blood pressure and superoxide production response to angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion.	Superoxides	126-136	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	160-174
26922123-1	2016	Previous studies have demonstrated that intramedullary inhibition of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) increases the blood pressure and superoxide production response to angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion.	Superoxides	126-136	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	176-182
26922123-2	2016	The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that increased renal medullary superoxide production contributes to the increase in blood pressure in response to blockade of renal medullary HO-1 in Ang II-induced hypertension.	Superoxides	85-95	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	196-200
26922123-2	2016	The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that increased renal medullary superoxide production contributes to the increase in blood pressure in response to blockade of renal medullary HO-1 in Ang II-induced hypertension.	Superoxides	85-95	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	204-210
26922123-8	2016	Renal medullary superoxide production in Ang II-treated mice was significantly increased by infusion of QC-13 alone.	Superoxides	16-26	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	41-47
26922123-12	2016	These results demonstrate that renal medullary interstitial blockade of HO-1 exacerbates Ang II-induced hypertension via a mechanism that is dependent on enhanced superoxide generation and highlight the important antioxidant function of HO-1 in the renal medulla.	Superoxides	163-173	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	72-76
26922123-12	2016	These results demonstrate that renal medullary interstitial blockade of HO-1 exacerbates Ang II-induced hypertension via a mechanism that is dependent on enhanced superoxide generation and highlight the important antioxidant function of HO-1 in the renal medulla.	Superoxides	163-173	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	89-95
26882290-8	2016	The results of antioxidant assays indicated that Pc1, Pc2 and Pc3 compounds have remarkable superoxide radical scavenging activities, moderate 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl activities and metal chelating effect activities.	Superoxides	92-110	proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1	Bos taurus	49-52
26882290-8	2016	The results of antioxidant assays indicated that Pc1, Pc2 and Pc3 compounds have remarkable superoxide radical scavenging activities, moderate 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl activities and metal chelating effect activities.	Superoxides	92-110	proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 2	Bos taurus	54-57
26882290-8	2016	The results of antioxidant assays indicated that Pc1, Pc2 and Pc3 compounds have remarkable superoxide radical scavenging activities, moderate 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl activities and metal chelating effect activities.	Superoxides	92-110	proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1	Bos taurus	62-65
26882290-9	2016	All the experimental studies showed that Pc1, Pc2 and Pc3 compounds bind to CT-DNA via minor groove binding, cleave of supercoiled pBR322 DNA via photocleavage pathway, inhibit topoisomerase I and have remarkable superoxide radical scavenging activities.	Superoxides	213-223	proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1	Bos taurus	41-44
26882290-9	2016	All the experimental studies showed that Pc1, Pc2 and Pc3 compounds bind to CT-DNA via minor groove binding, cleave of supercoiled pBR322 DNA via photocleavage pathway, inhibit topoisomerase I and have remarkable superoxide radical scavenging activities.	Superoxides	213-223	proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 2	Bos taurus	46-49
26882290-9	2016	All the experimental studies showed that Pc1, Pc2 and Pc3 compounds bind to CT-DNA via minor groove binding, cleave of supercoiled pBR322 DNA via photocleavage pathway, inhibit topoisomerase I and have remarkable superoxide radical scavenging activities.	Superoxides	213-223	proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1	Bos taurus	54-57
26778209-3	2016	METHODS AND RESULTS: Angiotensin II (100 nM, 8 h) induced dysfunction, characterized by suppressed nitric oxide availability (85 +- 4% p&lt;0.05) and increased superoxide production (136 +- 5 %, p&lt;0.001).	Superoxides	160-170	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	21-35
26778209-5	2016	Quercetin (3 muM, 8 h) prevented angiotensin II induced changes in nitric oxide and superoxide levels, but no effect upon nitric oxide or superoxide in control cells.	Superoxides	84-94	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	33-47
26778209-8	2016	CONCLUSION: Physiologically obtainable quercetin concentrations are capable of ameliorating angiotensin II-induced endothelial nitric oxide and superoxide imbalance via protein kinase C-independent restoration of p47(phox) gene and protein expression.	Superoxides	144-154	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	92-106
26928315-11	2016	In conclusion, NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide elevated expression of MMP-9, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1, and these interactions can finally result in increases of BBB permeability in MOG35-55+CFA+PTX-exposed endothelial cells.	Superoxides	37-47	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	90-96
26930130-9	2016	In this process, the Met residues are partially oxidized to sulfoxide; this ability to scavenge superoxide may play a role in the proposed antioxidant properties of PrP(C).	Superoxides	96-106	prion protein	Homo sapiens	165-171
26943326-4	2016	Treatment of HK-2 cells with ANG II increases the production of superoxide (O2 -), nitric oxide ( NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) expression, peroxynitrite (ONOO-) and mitochondrial dysfunction.	Superoxides	64-74	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	29-35
26754589-0	2016	Propylthiouracil, Perchlorate, and Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Modulate High Concentrations of Iodide Instigated Mitochondrial Superoxide Production in the Thyroids of Metallothionein I/II Knockout Mice.	Superoxides	127-137	metallothionein 1	Mus musculus	168-185
26754589-6	2016	Compared to the WT mice, a significant decrease in the relative viability along with a significant increase in LDH release and mitochondrial superoxide production were detected in MT-I/II KO mice(P&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	141-151	metallothionein 1	Mus musculus	180-190
26862035-12	2016	Cilostazol was also demonstrated to partially reduced the angII-induced increase in superoxide production.	Superoxides	84-94	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	58-63
26799113-0	2016	Oxygen Activation by Co(II) and a Redox Non-Innocent Ligand: Spectroscopic Characterization of a Radical-Co(II)-Superoxide Complex with Divergent Catalytic Reactivity.	Superoxides	112-122	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	21-27
26799113-0	2016	Oxygen Activation by Co(II) and a Redox Non-Innocent Ligand: Spectroscopic Characterization of a Radical-Co(II)-Superoxide Complex with Divergent Catalytic Reactivity.	Superoxides	112-122	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	105-111
26657039-5	2016	SOD 1 is a powerful antioxidant enzyme that protects cells from the damaging effects of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	88-98	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
26912083-3	2016	Antioxidant enzymes, such as extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD), in the extracellular matrix (ECM) neutralize the toxicity of superoxide.	Superoxides	43-53	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	65-71
26768586-10	2016	Over-expression of p53 suppressed the inhibitory effects of GB on NOX4 and p66(shc) expression and superoxide generation and the protective effects of GB on loss of cell viability and apoptosis associated with cisplatin.	Superoxides	99-109	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	19-22
26768586-12	2016	GB significantly increased miR214 expression and inhibition of miR214 suppressed the inhibitory effects of GB on p53, NOX4 and p66(shc) expression and superoxide generation and the protective effects of GB against cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	151-161	microRNA 214	Homo sapiens	63-69
26768586-13	2016	We demonstrate that GB decreases superoxide generation and the subsequent apoptosis through reduction of p53-mediated NOX4/p66(shc) pathway via up-regulation of miR214, resulting in attenuation of cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	33-43	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	105-108
26768586-13	2016	We demonstrate that GB decreases superoxide generation and the subsequent apoptosis through reduction of p53-mediated NOX4/p66(shc) pathway via up-regulation of miR214, resulting in attenuation of cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	33-43	microRNA 214	Homo sapiens	161-167
26616244-2	2016	We recently showed that mice with a mutation in the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane Peptidase 2-like (Immp2l) gene had elevated levels of mitochondrial superoxide, impaired fertility and age-associated phenotypes, including kyphosis and ataxia.	Superoxides	149-159	IMP2 inner mitochondrial membrane peptidase-like (S. cerevisiae)	Mus musculus	52-97
26616244-2	2016	We recently showed that mice with a mutation in the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane Peptidase 2-like (Immp2l) gene had elevated levels of mitochondrial superoxide, impaired fertility and age-associated phenotypes, including kyphosis and ataxia.	Superoxides	149-159	IMP2 inner mitochondrial membrane peptidase-like (S. cerevisiae)	Mus musculus	99-105
26881470-3	2016	The intermediate product O2 - from the hydrolysis of metal superoxides is converted by cytochrome c to O2 and by superoxide dismutase (SOD) to 1/2 mol O2 and 1/2 mol H2O2, which is then converted by catalase (CAT) to 1/2 mol O2.	Superoxides	103-105	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	87-99
26881470-3	2016	The intermediate product O2 - from the hydrolysis of metal superoxides is converted by cytochrome c to O2 and by superoxide dismutase (SOD) to 1/2 mol O2 and 1/2 mol H2O2, which is then converted by catalase (CAT) to 1/2 mol O2.	Superoxides	103-105	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	87-99
26881470-3	2016	The intermediate product O2 - from the hydrolysis of metal superoxides is converted by cytochrome c to O2 and by superoxide dismutase (SOD) to 1/2 mol O2 and 1/2 mol H2O2, which is then converted by catalase (CAT) to 1/2 mol O2.	Superoxides	103-105	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	87-99
26943326-4	2016	Treatment of HK-2 cells with ANG II increases the production of superoxide (O2 -), nitric oxide ( NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) expression, peroxynitrite (ONOO-) and mitochondrial dysfunction.	Superoxides	76-78	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	29-35
26707483-7	2016	Endothelial VCAM-1 induction by TNF-alpha was responsible for superoxide anion production being quenched by N-acetyl-cysteine and Tat-SOD.	Superoxides	62-78	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	12-18
26707483-7	2016	Endothelial VCAM-1 induction by TNF-alpha was responsible for superoxide anion production being quenched by N-acetyl-cysteine and Tat-SOD.	Superoxides	62-78	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	32-41
26707483-7	2016	Endothelial VCAM-1 induction by TNF-alpha was responsible for superoxide anion production being quenched by N-acetyl-cysteine and Tat-SOD.	Superoxides	62-78	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	134-137
26707483-8	2016	SOD treatment markedly inhibited superoxide anion production induced by TNF-alpha, but no inhibition of endothelial transmigration was noted.	Superoxides	33-49	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
26707483-8	2016	SOD treatment markedly inhibited superoxide anion production induced by TNF-alpha, but no inhibition of endothelial transmigration was noted.	Superoxides	33-49	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	72-81
26732672-5	2016	Among the tested compounds, flexuvarol B and chrysin showed the most potent anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting superoxide anion generation and elastase release from human neutrophils in response to fMLP with IC50 2.25-5.55muM.	Superoxides	115-131	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	202-206
26824355-6	2016	Using RNA interference, we showed that ARF6 is essential for ROS generation since in conditions where this GTPase was knocked down, Ang II could no longer promote superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	163-179	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	132-138
26884476-0	2016	Angiotensin II stimulates superoxide production by nitric oxide synthase in thick ascending limbs.	Superoxides	26-36	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
26884476-1	2016	Angiotensin II (Ang II) causes nitric oxide synthase (NOS) to become a source of superoxide (O2 (-)) via a protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent process in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	81-91	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
26884476-1	2016	Angiotensin II (Ang II) causes nitric oxide synthase (NOS) to become a source of superoxide (O2 (-)) via a protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent process in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	81-91	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	16-22
26884476-1	2016	Angiotensin II (Ang II) causes nitric oxide synthase (NOS) to become a source of superoxide (O2 (-)) via a protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent process in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	93-95	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
26884476-1	2016	Angiotensin II (Ang II) causes nitric oxide synthase (NOS) to become a source of superoxide (O2 (-)) via a protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent process in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	93-95	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	16-22
26884476-2	2016	Ang II stimulates both NO and O2 (-) production in thick ascending limbs.	Superoxides	30-36	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
26884476-3	2016	We hypothesized that Ang II causes O2 (-) production by NOS in thick ascending limbs via a PKC-dependent mechanism.	Superoxides	35-37	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	21-27
26884476-6	2016	This concentration of Ang II-stimulated O2 (-) production by 50% (1.77 +- 0.26 vs. 2.62 +- 0.36 relative lights units (RLU)/s/mug protein; P &lt; 0.04; n = 5).	Superoxides	40-42	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	22-28
26884476-7	2016	In the presence of the NOS inhibitor L-NAME, Ang II-stimulated O2 (-) decreased from 2.02 +- 0.29 to 1.10 +- 0.11 RLU/s/mug protein (P &lt; 0.01; n = 8).	Superoxides	63-65	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	45-51
26884476-11	2016	We conclude that: (1) Ang II causes NOS to produce O2 (-) in thick ascending limbs via a PKC- and NADPH oxidase-dependent process; and (2) the effect of Ang II is not due to limited substrate.	Superoxides	51-57	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	22-28
26721432-5	2016	In this study, using transgenic mice expressing human Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1), an enzyme that catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide anions, we examined the effect of SOD1 overexpression on depressive-like behavioral phenotypes in mice.	Superoxides	133-150	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	54-80
26721432-5	2016	In this study, using transgenic mice expressing human Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1), an enzyme that catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide anions, we examined the effect of SOD1 overexpression on depressive-like behavioral phenotypes in mice.	Superoxides	133-150	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	82-86
26629876-0	2016	Free Superoxide is an Intermediate in the Production of H2O2 by Copper(I)-Abeta Peptide and O2.	Superoxides	5-15	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	74-79
26656068-7	2016	In addition, tan IIA markedly reduced STZ induced elevation in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) level, and significantly inhibited STZ induced reduction in superoxide dismutases (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in the parietal cortex and hippocampus.	Superoxides	186-196	ATPase, class II, type 9A	Mus musculus	17-20
26375520-1	2016	In hypertension studies, anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) has been shown to prevent angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced vasoconstriction and regulate vascular function by down-regulating pro-inflammatory cytokine and superoxide production in vascular cells.	Superoxides	230-240	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	101-115
26935390-8	2016	A clear role of GSTM1 in modulating azathioprine cytotoxicity, with a close dependency on superoxide anion production, has been recently demonstrated.	Superoxides	90-106	glutathione S-transferase mu 1	Homo sapiens	16-21
26375520-1	2016	In hypertension studies, anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) has been shown to prevent angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced vasoconstriction and regulate vascular function by down-regulating pro-inflammatory cytokine and superoxide production in vascular cells.	Superoxides	230-240	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	117-123
26590088-9	2016	Ascorbate inhibition of the VEGF effect could thus be due either to scavenging superoxide or to peroxynitrite generated by the uncoupled eNOS, or more likely to its ability to recycle tetrahydrobiopterin, thus avoiding enzyme uncoupling in the first place.	Superoxides	79-89	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	28-32
26470784-7	2016	High glucose concentration induced ATP synthase disruption, mitochondrial superoxide generation, and cell death in cardiomyocytes, all of which were prevented by overexpression of mitochondria-targeted calpastatin or ATP5A1.	Superoxides	74-84	ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, alpha subunit 1	Mus musculus	217-223
26398710-8	2016	FL3 and FL37 protected against TNFalpha-induced mitochondrial superoxide generation by preserving respiratory chain complex I activity and prohibitin expression.	Superoxides	62-72	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	31-39
26595232-4	2016	In this study, we evaluated the superoxide anion-scavenging activity of PC-SOD in HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells.	Superoxides	32-48	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	75-78
26595232-6	2016	Nevertheless, by analyzing enzyme activities in cell suspensions containing PC-SOD or SOD, PC-SOD and SOD showed almost equal activity for scavenging extracellular superoxide anions produced by HL-60 cells.	Superoxides	164-181	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	76-89
26595232-6	2016	Nevertheless, by analyzing enzyme activities in cell suspensions containing PC-SOD or SOD, PC-SOD and SOD showed almost equal activity for scavenging extracellular superoxide anions produced by HL-60 cells.	Superoxides	164-181	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	91-105
26595232-7	2016	Furthermore, the activity for scavenging extracellular superoxide anions increased with increased amount of PC-SOD on the plasma membrane.	Superoxides	55-72	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	111-114
26839633-8	2016	Apoptosis-resistant Bcl-2-overexpressing cells even can afford higher TRPM2 activity without risking a hazardous Ca(2+)-overload-induced mitochondrial superoxide anion formation.	Superoxides	151-167	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	20-25
26859849-2	2016	In this segment, while transport is increased by ADH via cAMP, sodium reabsorption results from Ang II-induced superoxide (O2(-)) production.	Superoxides	111-121	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	96-102
26881025-4	2016	Presently, we tested the hypothesis that elevated levels of superoxide (O2 ( -)) in the OVLT contribute to the hypertensive effects of AngII.	Superoxides	60-70	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	135-140
26881470-3	2016	The intermediate product O2 - from the hydrolysis of metal superoxides is converted by cytochrome c to O2 and by superoxide dismutase (SOD) to 1/2 mol O2 and 1/2 mol H2O2, which is then converted by catalase (CAT) to 1/2 mol O2.	Superoxides	25-27	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	87-99
27137130-4	2016	The influence of IFN-gamma incorporated nanoemulsions on functional activity of mononuclear cell for Escherichia coli enteropathogenic was analyzed through superoxide release, phagocytosis, microbicidal activity and intracellular calcium release.	Superoxides	156-166	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	17-26
27467924-7	2016	Mechanistic investigations revealed that nitric oxide (NO), superoxide and peroxynitrite produced by uncoupling of inducible NO synthase (NOS II) in cancer cells are key mediators of ALA and IFNgamma-mediated tumor growth inhibition.	Superoxides	60-70	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	191-199
26756632-6	2015	However, elevation of ANG II above normal levels increases O2 - production, promotes oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction, and plays a major role in multiple disease conditions.	Superoxides	59-61	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	22-28
26696823-7	2015	Upon LPS stimulation, stefin B was targeted into the mitochondria, and the lack of stefin B resulted in the increased destabilization of the mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial superoxide generation.	Superoxides	192-202	cystatin B	Mus musculus	83-91
25537191-6	2015	Surprisingly, low-dose arsenic could also transcriptionally increase TG-interacting factor (TGIF) expression via c-Src/EGFR/AKT/FOXO3A signaling involving superoxide production from NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	155-165	TGFB induced factor homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	69-90
25537191-6	2015	Surprisingly, low-dose arsenic could also transcriptionally increase TG-interacting factor (TGIF) expression via c-Src/EGFR/AKT/FOXO3A signaling involving superoxide production from NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	155-165	TGFB induced factor homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	92-96
26269022-3	2015	Our laboratory recently demonstrated that superoxide-deficient nonobese diabetic (NOD.Ncf1(m1J)) mice exhibited a delay in type 1 diabetes (T1D) partially due to blunted IFN-gamma synthesis by CD4 T cells.	Superoxides	42-52	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	170-179
26269022-7	2015	Exogenous superoxide blunted exacerbated Th1 cytokines and proinflammatory chemokines to approximately wild-type levels, concomitant with reduced IL-12Rbeta2 signaling and P-STAT4 (Y693) activation.	Superoxides	10-20	negative elongation factor complex member C/D, Th1l	Mus musculus	41-44
26184564-11	2015	Interestingly, DUSP4 gene silencing contributes to the increase in superoxide generation from cells.	Superoxides	67-77	dual specificity phosphatase 4	Mus musculus	15-20
26453925-7	2015	Water-soluble superoxide dismutase (SOD) was added in order to suppress the reaction of CHA with O2( -) outside the membrane.	Superoxides	97-99	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	36-39
26453925-10	2015	Addition of TMT-H to thylakoid suspension in the presence of SOD resulted in the increase in light-induced O2 uptake rate, that argued in favor of TMT-H ability to detect O2( -) produced within the membrane core.	Superoxides	107-109	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	61-64
26456056-5	2015	The addition of Hsp90 alone only modestly increases Nox5 enzyme activity but in combination with the co-chaperones, Hsp70, HOP, Hsp40, and p23 it robustly stimulated superoxide, but not hydrogen peroxide, production.	Superoxides	166-176	DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member B1 pseudogene 1	Homo sapiens	128-133
26456056-14	2015	Silencing of HOP, Hsp40 and p23 reduced Nox5-dependent superoxide.	Superoxides	55-65	DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member B1 pseudogene 1	Homo sapiens	18-23
26456061-5	2015	As reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by the E3 component of hOGDHc is a pathologically relevant feature, superoxide generation by the complexes with optimal stoichiometry was measured by the acetylated cytochrome c reduction method in both the forward and the reverse catalytic directions.	Superoxides	112-122	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	209-221
26456836-0	2015	Curcumin inhibits superoxide anion-induced pain-like behavior and leukocyte recruitment by increasing Nrf2 expression and reducing NF-kappaB activation.	Superoxides	18-34	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	102-106
26456836-11	2015	Curcumin also inhibited superoxide anion-induced leukocyte recruitment in the peritoneal cavity and in the paw skin inhibited myeloperoxidase activity, oxidative stress, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha production and NF-kappaB activation as well as enhanced IL-10 production, and HO-1 and Nrf2 mRNA expression.	Superoxides	24-40	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	126-141
26456836-11	2015	Curcumin also inhibited superoxide anion-induced leukocyte recruitment in the peritoneal cavity and in the paw skin inhibited myeloperoxidase activity, oxidative stress, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha production and NF-kappaB activation as well as enhanced IL-10 production, and HO-1 and Nrf2 mRNA expression.	Superoxides	24-40	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	170-178
26456836-11	2015	Curcumin also inhibited superoxide anion-induced leukocyte recruitment in the peritoneal cavity and in the paw skin inhibited myeloperoxidase activity, oxidative stress, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha production and NF-kappaB activation as well as enhanced IL-10 production, and HO-1 and Nrf2 mRNA expression.	Superoxides	24-40	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	183-192
26456836-11	2015	Curcumin also inhibited superoxide anion-induced leukocyte recruitment in the peritoneal cavity and in the paw skin inhibited myeloperoxidase activity, oxidative stress, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha production and NF-kappaB activation as well as enhanced IL-10 production, and HO-1 and Nrf2 mRNA expression.	Superoxides	24-40	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	280-284
25628311-11	2015	Analysis of protein and mRNA expression determined that the angiotensin II receptor At1R was implicated in modulation of the NADPH-dependent pathway of superoxide generation.	Superoxides	152-162	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	60-74
26116226-6	2015	In GILT-/- cells, there is a shift from the reduced to the oxidized form of glutathione, resulting in mitochondrial autophagy, decreased superoxide dismutase 2, and elevated superoxide levels.	Superoxides	137-147	IFI30 lysosomal thiol reductase	Homo sapiens	3-7
26660551-8	2015	In reconstitution experiments, IL-6 produced concentration-dependent impairment of endothelial responses as well as greater increases in NADPH-stimulated superoxide levels in arteries from eNOS(+/-) mice fed a control diet compared to eNOS(+/+) mice.	Superoxides	154-164	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	31-35
26660551-11	2015	The impairment produced by a HFD in eNOS(+/-) mice appears to be mediated by IL-6-induced increases in vascular superoxide.	Superoxides	112-122	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	77-81
26625143-13	2015	SIM, APO, and NAC either partially inhibit or completely block the TNF-alpha induced H2O2 or superoxide production.	Superoxides	93-103	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	67-76
26291279-4	2015	An increase was also seen in superoxide in response to treatment with TNF-alpha, which was localised to the mitochondria and this was also associated with activation of NF-kappaB.	Superoxides	29-39	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	70-79
26291279-5	2015	The changes in superoxide, activation of NF-kB and release of myokines were attenuated following pre-treatment with SS-31 peptide indicating that the ability of TNF-alpha to induce myokine release may be mediated through mitochondrial superoxide, which is, at least in part, associated with activation of the redox sensitive transcription factor NF-kB.	Superoxides	15-25	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	161-170
26291279-5	2015	The changes in superoxide, activation of NF-kB and release of myokines were attenuated following pre-treatment with SS-31 peptide indicating that the ability of TNF-alpha to induce myokine release may be mediated through mitochondrial superoxide, which is, at least in part, associated with activation of the redox sensitive transcription factor NF-kB.	Superoxides	235-245	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	161-170
26342455-1	2015	Tumor cells generate extracellular superoxide anions and are protected against intercellular apoptosis-inducing HOCl- and NO/peroxynitrite signaling through the expression of membrane-associated catalase.	Superoxides	35-52	catalase	Homo sapiens	195-203
26342455-9	2015	This regulatory network allows to establish several pathways for synergistic interactions, like the combination of modulators of NO metabolism with enhancers of superoxide anion generation, modulators of NO metabolism that act at different targets and between modulators of NO metabolism and direct catalase inhibitors.	Superoxides	161-177	catalase	Homo sapiens	299-307
26610457-3	2015	Compounds 2, 3, 5, 6, and 8-10 exhibited inhibition (IC50&lt;=12.51 muM) of superoxide anion generation by human neutrophils in response to formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine/cytochalasin B (fMLP/CB).	Superoxides	76-92	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	200-204
26120766-3	2015	We postulated that disturbed flow modulates autophagy with an implication in mitochondrial superoxide (mtO2( -)) production.	Superoxides	91-101	tRNA mitochondrial 2-thiouridylase	Homo sapiens	103-107
26566578-2	2015	To address this concern, we performed additional experiments using the superoxide inhibitable assays cytochrome C and water soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1) reduction.	Superoxides	71-81	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	101-113
26560496-0	2015	Serine 1179 Phosphorylation of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Increases Superoxide Generation and Alters Cofactor Regulation.	Superoxides	75-85	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	31-64
26422659-2	2015	Among the first line of defense against oxidative stress is the dismutation of superoxide radicals, which in the mitochondria is carried out by manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD).	Superoxides	79-89	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	144-174
26422659-2	2015	Among the first line of defense against oxidative stress is the dismutation of superoxide radicals, which in the mitochondria is carried out by manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD).	Superoxides	79-89	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	176-181
26531161-4	2015	In anti-inflammation assay, compounds 1 and 2 displayed strong inhibition of superoxide anion generation and elastase release in human neutrophils stimulated by fMLP/CB.	Superoxides	77-93	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	161-165
26335060-1	2015	In response to in vitro stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), microglia induce the production of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta) together with nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion (O2(-)).	Superoxides	212-214	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	148-156
26335060-2	2015	Here we investigated the role of NO and O2(-) in the signaling mechanism by which IL-1beta is induced in microglia.	Superoxides	40-42	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	82-90
26335060-3	2015	The LPS-inducible IL-1beta was significantly suppressed by pretreatment with the NO scavenger 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide, but not by pretreatment with the O2(-) scavenger N-acetyl cysteine, suggesting the close association of NO with IL-1beta induction.	Superoxides	194-196	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	18-26
26881025-4	2016	Presently, we tested the hypothesis that elevated levels of superoxide (O2 ( -)) in the OVLT contribute to the hypertensive effects of AngII.	Superoxides	72-74	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	135-140
26881025-8	2016	These results support the hypothesis that overproduction of O2 ( -) in the OVLT plays an important role in the development of chronic AngII-dependent hypertension.	Superoxides	60-62	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	134-139
26290366-8	2015	In conclusion IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and IL-6, when infused systemically, caused immediate and partly reversible increases in glomerular permeability, which could be inhibited by the superoxide scavenger tempol, suggesting an important role of ROS in acute cytokine-induced permeability changes in the GFB.	Superoxides	181-191	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	14-22
26290366-8	2015	In conclusion IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and IL-6, when infused systemically, caused immediate and partly reversible increases in glomerular permeability, which could be inhibited by the superoxide scavenger tempol, suggesting an important role of ROS in acute cytokine-induced permeability changes in the GFB.	Superoxides	181-191	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	24-33
26290366-8	2015	In conclusion IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and IL-6, when infused systemically, caused immediate and partly reversible increases in glomerular permeability, which could be inhibited by the superoxide scavenger tempol, suggesting an important role of ROS in acute cytokine-induced permeability changes in the GFB.	Superoxides	181-191	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	39-43
26342070-8	2015	LV superoxide production was increased, in part attributable to nitric oxide synthase (NOS) uncoupling, whereas AKT and NOS isoform expression and phosphorylation were unchanged.	Superoxides	3-13	nitric oxide synthase 2	Sus scrofa	64-85
25770663-3	2015	Angiotensin II (Ang II) is a potent vasoactive agent that also exerts mitogenic, proinflammatory, and profibrotic effects through several signaling pathways, in part involving ROS, particularly superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	194-204	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
25770663-3	2015	Angiotensin II (Ang II) is a potent vasoactive agent that also exerts mitogenic, proinflammatory, and profibrotic effects through several signaling pathways, in part involving ROS, particularly superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	194-204	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	16-22
26246053-7	2015	Bosentan also inhibited superoxide anion-induced interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production, while it enhanced IL-10 production in the paw skin and spinal cord.	Superoxides	24-40	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	49-67
25975985-4	2015	At a mechanistic level, Nrf2 promotes the repair of DNA damage and drives detoxification of superoxide that is generated hours to days after irradiation.	Superoxides	92-102	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	24-28
26160850-1	2015	p67(phox) is the paramount cytosolic regulator of the superoxide-generating Nox of phagocytes, by controlling the conformation of the catalytic component, Nox2.	Superoxides	54-64	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	0-3
26374996-2	2015	However, some electrons leak from the respiratory chain and yield superoxide, which is rapidly metabolized into H2O2 by SOD2.	Superoxides	66-76	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	120-124
26374996-9	2015	SOD2-tg mitochondria produced less superoxide, and had lower redox activity in converting cyclic hydroxylamine to stable nitroxide, and a lower GSSG concentration.	Superoxides	35-45	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	0-4
26255877-6	2015	They also abolished the increased aortic superoxide levels by reducing the increased toll-like receptor-4 mRNA levels and NADPH oxidase activity found in SHR.	Superoxides	41-51	toll-like receptor 4	Rattus norvegicus	85-105
26246053-7	2015	Bosentan also inhibited superoxide anion-induced interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production, while it enhanced IL-10 production in the paw skin and spinal cord.	Superoxides	24-40	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	69-77
26246053-7	2015	Bosentan also inhibited superoxide anion-induced interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production, while it enhanced IL-10 production in the paw skin and spinal cord.	Superoxides	24-40	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	83-110
26246053-7	2015	Bosentan also inhibited superoxide anion-induced interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production, while it enhanced IL-10 production in the paw skin and spinal cord.	Superoxides	24-40	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	112-121
26225838-0	2015	Superoxide induces protein oxidation in plasma and TNF-alpha elevation in macrophage culture: Insights into mechanisms of neurotoxicity following doxorubicin chemotherapy.	Superoxides	0-10	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	51-60
26259609-5	2015	Mitochondrial biogenesis and cytosolic production of reactive oxygen species were also reduced after p53 inhibition; the latter change induced mitochondrial superoxide accumulation and mitochondrial damage, which triggered the activation of caspase 3.	Superoxides	157-167	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	101-104
26259609-5	2015	Mitochondrial biogenesis and cytosolic production of reactive oxygen species were also reduced after p53 inhibition; the latter change induced mitochondrial superoxide accumulation and mitochondrial damage, which triggered the activation of caspase 3.	Superoxides	157-167	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	241-250
26225838-10	2015	These findings, together with our prior results, provide strong evidence that O2(-)  and its resulting reactive species are critically involved in Dox-induced plasma protein oxidation and TNF-alpha release.	Superoxides	78-80	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	188-197
26430964-0	2015	Overexpression of Bcl-2 induces STAT-3 activation via an increase in mitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	83-93	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	18-23
26430964-0	2015	Overexpression of Bcl-2 induces STAT-3 activation via an increase in mitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	83-93	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Homo sapiens	32-38
26430964-4	2015	Bcl-2-induced STAT3 activation was a function of GTP-loaded Rac1 and NADPH oxidase (Nox)-dependent increase in intracellular superoxide (O2 -).	Superoxides	125-135	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	0-5
26430964-4	2015	Bcl-2-induced STAT3 activation was a function of GTP-loaded Rac1 and NADPH oxidase (Nox)-dependent increase in intracellular superoxide (O2 -).	Superoxides	125-135	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Homo sapiens	14-19
26430964-4	2015	Bcl-2-induced STAT3 activation was a function of GTP-loaded Rac1 and NADPH oxidase (Nox)-dependent increase in intracellular superoxide (O2 -).	Superoxides	137-139	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	0-5
26430964-4	2015	Bcl-2-induced STAT3 activation was a function of GTP-loaded Rac1 and NADPH oxidase (Nox)-dependent increase in intracellular superoxide (O2 -).	Superoxides	137-139	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Homo sapiens	14-19
26430964-6	2015	Interestingly, while inhibiting intracellular O2 - blocked STAT3 phosphorylation, transient overexpression of wild type STAT3 resulted in a significant increase in mitochondrial O2 - production, which was rescued by the functional mutants of STAT3 (Y705F).	Superoxides	46-48	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Homo sapiens	59-64
26430964-6	2015	Interestingly, while inhibiting intracellular O2 - blocked STAT3 phosphorylation, transient overexpression of wild type STAT3 resulted in a significant increase in mitochondrial O2 - production, which was rescued by the functional mutants of STAT3 (Y705F).	Superoxides	46-48	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Homo sapiens	120-125
26430964-6	2015	Interestingly, while inhibiting intracellular O2 - blocked STAT3 phosphorylation, transient overexpression of wild type STAT3 resulted in a significant increase in mitochondrial O2 - production, which was rescued by the functional mutants of STAT3 (Y705F).	Superoxides	46-48	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Homo sapiens	120-125
26489513-10	2015	Moreover, Ad-SIRT1 reduced the increase in the superoxide generation and malonaldialdehyde content and simultaneously increased the antioxidant capability.	Superoxides	47-57	sirtuin 1	Rattus norvegicus	10-18
26528122-0	2015	Angiotensin II-superoxide-NFkappaB signaling and aortic baroreceptor dysfunction in chronic heart failure.	Superoxides	15-25	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
26528122-0	2015	Angiotensin II-superoxide-NFkappaB signaling and aortic baroreceptor dysfunction in chronic heart failure.	Superoxides	15-25	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	26-34
26180238-6	2015	Our results indicate that elevated O(2)(-) production in SHR is sufficient to account for observed differences between normotensive and hypertensive rats in the response of the afferent arteriole to NO synthase inhibition, Tempol, and angiotensin II at baseline perfusion pressures.	Superoxides	35-40	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	235-249
26446519-9	2015	RESULTS: PEP-1-SOD1 fusion protein efficiently transduced into MCF, scavenged intracellular O2 (-), decreased intracellular MDA content, increased SOD activity, suppressed ANG II-induced proliferation, reduced expression of TGF-beta1, alpha-SMA, collagen type I and III, restored MMP-1 secretion, and attenuated TIMP-1 secretion.	Superoxides	92-94	neuronal vesicle trafficking associated 1	Rattus norvegicus	9-14
26446519-9	2015	RESULTS: PEP-1-SOD1 fusion protein efficiently transduced into MCF, scavenged intracellular O2 (-), decreased intracellular MDA content, increased SOD activity, suppressed ANG II-induced proliferation, reduced expression of TGF-beta1, alpha-SMA, collagen type I and III, restored MMP-1 secretion, and attenuated TIMP-1 secretion.	Superoxides	92-94	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	15-19
26446519-9	2015	RESULTS: PEP-1-SOD1 fusion protein efficiently transduced into MCF, scavenged intracellular O2 (-), decreased intracellular MDA content, increased SOD activity, suppressed ANG II-induced proliferation, reduced expression of TGF-beta1, alpha-SMA, collagen type I and III, restored MMP-1 secretion, and attenuated TIMP-1 secretion.	Superoxides	92-94	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	15-18
26144375-6	2015	In such mechanism, AT1 activation leads to the aortic release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, which stimulates NAD(P)H oxidase/Nox1-driven generation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	153-163	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Mus musculus	19-22
26144375-6	2015	In such mechanism, AT1 activation leads to the aortic release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, which stimulates NAD(P)H oxidase/Nox1-driven generation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	153-163	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	65-92
26291484-0	2015	Superoxide anion-induced pain and inflammation depends on TNFalpha/TNFR1 signaling in mice.	Superoxides	0-16	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	58-66
26430964-6	2015	Interestingly, while inhibiting intracellular O2 - blocked STAT3 phosphorylation, transient overexpression of wild type STAT3 resulted in a significant increase in mitochondrial O2 - production, which was rescued by the functional mutants of STAT3 (Y705F).	Superoxides	178-180	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Homo sapiens	120-125
26430964-6	2015	Interestingly, while inhibiting intracellular O2 - blocked STAT3 phosphorylation, transient overexpression of wild type STAT3 resulted in a significant increase in mitochondrial O2 - production, which was rescued by the functional mutants of STAT3 (Y705F).	Superoxides	178-180	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Homo sapiens	120-125
26241336-8	2015	Ang II (1 muM, 3 h) induced the expression of nNOS and NADPH oxidase, caused NO and superoxide anion accumulation, thus leading to excessive oxidative stress.	Superoxides	84-100	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	0-6
26253183-6	2015	When this rapid initial burst was reduced, through the inhibition of c-NOS and NADPH oxidases (NOX) or the scavenging of NO and superoxide the NF-kappaB activation, NOS-2 expression and nitrite production were significantly attenuated.	Superoxides	128-138	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	165-170
26600675-4	2015	Disruption of AIR12 also affected primary and lateral root development and was linked to changes in root catalase activity and superoxide production.	Superoxides	127-137	auxin-induced in root cultures-like protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	14-19
26291484-4	2015	Tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 deficiency (TNFR1-/-) and treatment of wild-type mice with etanercept (a soluble TNFR2 receptor that inhibits TNFalpha actions) inhibited superoxide anion-induced pain-like behaviors.	Superoxides	171-187	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	143-151
26291484-7	2015	These results demonstrate that TNFalpha/TNFR1 signaling is important in superoxide anion-triggered pain and that TNFalpha/TNFR1 signaling amplifies the oxidative stress triggered by superoxide anion, which contributes to sustaining pain and inflammation.	Superoxides	72-88	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	31-39
26291484-7	2015	These results demonstrate that TNFalpha/TNFR1 signaling is important in superoxide anion-triggered pain and that TNFalpha/TNFR1 signaling amplifies the oxidative stress triggered by superoxide anion, which contributes to sustaining pain and inflammation.	Superoxides	182-198	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	113-121
25934568-3	2015	Isometrically mounted segments of mouse distal tail artery were used to investigate the effects of endothelium denudation, blocking Ca(2+) channels and inhibiting superoxide signalling on Ang II-induced facilitation of nerve-evoked contractions.	Superoxides	163-173	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	188-194
26337205-7	2015	In contrast, in apoptosis sensitive cells activated p53 increased superoxide levels and inhibited glycolysis through repression of glycolytic pathway genes.	Superoxides	66-76	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	52-55
26337205-12	2015	Specifically, the findings indicate 1) that glycolysis plays an essential role in autophagy by limiting superoxide levels and maintaining expression of ATG genes required for autophagic vesicle maturation, 2) that p53 can promote or inhibit autophagy depending on the status of glycolysis, and 3) that inhibiting protective autophagy can expand the breadth of cells susceptible to Nutlin-3a induced apoptosis.	Superoxides	104-114	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	214-217
26344080-6	2015	The generation of eosinophil superoxide anion (O2(-)) was examined based on the superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of cytochrome C.	Superoxides	29-45	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	126-138
26344080-6	2015	The generation of eosinophil superoxide anion (O2(-)) was examined based on the superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of cytochrome C.	Superoxides	47-49	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	126-138
26246018-8	2015	In cultured cardiomyocytes, lipopolysaccharide induced mitochondrial superoxide generation that was prevented by overexpression of mitochondria-targeted calpastatin or ATP5A1.	Superoxides	69-79	ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, alpha subunit 1	Mus musculus	168-174
26111938-6	2015	Increasing BH4 bioavailability either exogenously by BH4 supplementation or endogenously by treatment with the selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor--delta activator GW501516 (2 mg/kg/day, 14 days) attenuated eNOS uncoupling and decreased superoxide anion production in cerebral microvessels of Tg2576 mice (p < 0.05).	Superoxides	254-270	peroxisome proliferator activator receptor delta	Mus musculus	121-170
27057461-1	2016	As a part of cellular pathogen defense, IFNgamma triggers induction of NADPH oxidase NOX2, which produces superoxide into phagosomes of immune cells.	Superoxides	106-116	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	40-48
26391839-3	2015	The results obtained showed that exogenously-generated H2O2 induce anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in HUVECs counteracting the pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant effect of IL-1beta related to the production of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	218-235	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	180-188
26717598-4	2015	Catalase (scavenger of hydrogen peroxide), mannitol (scavenger of hydroxyl radicals) and superoxide dismutase (scavenger of superoxide radicals) reduced the level of ROS production under LA, suggesting the generation of H2O2, OH* and O2- radicals, respectively.	Superoxides	124-143	catalase	Homo sapiens	0-8
26139608-8	2015	Administration of Ret-NH2 once per week inhibited capillary degeneration and accumulation of albumin in the neural retina, significantly reducing diabetes-induced retinal superoxide and expression of inflammatory proteins.	Superoxides	171-181	ret proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	18-21
25362851-3	2015	When MnSOD is deficient, superoxide radical and its resulting reactive oxygen species (ROS) activate ligand binding to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha), suggesting that the activation of PPARalpha signaling is a major mechanism underlying MnSOD-dependent UCPs expression that consequently triggers the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, leading to increased aerobic glycolysis.	Superoxides	25-43	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	5-10
25362851-3	2015	When MnSOD is deficient, superoxide radical and its resulting reactive oxygen species (ROS) activate ligand binding to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha), suggesting that the activation of PPARalpha signaling is a major mechanism underlying MnSOD-dependent UCPs expression that consequently triggers the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, leading to increased aerobic glycolysis.	Superoxides	25-43	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Mus musculus	119-167
25362851-3	2015	When MnSOD is deficient, superoxide radical and its resulting reactive oxygen species (ROS) activate ligand binding to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha), suggesting that the activation of PPARalpha signaling is a major mechanism underlying MnSOD-dependent UCPs expression that consequently triggers the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, leading to increased aerobic glycolysis.	Superoxides	25-43	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Mus musculus	169-178
25362851-3	2015	When MnSOD is deficient, superoxide radical and its resulting reactive oxygen species (ROS) activate ligand binding to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha), suggesting that the activation of PPARalpha signaling is a major mechanism underlying MnSOD-dependent UCPs expression that consequently triggers the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, leading to increased aerobic glycolysis.	Superoxides	25-43	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Mus musculus	215-224
25362851-3	2015	When MnSOD is deficient, superoxide radical and its resulting reactive oxygen species (ROS) activate ligand binding to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha), suggesting that the activation of PPARalpha signaling is a major mechanism underlying MnSOD-dependent UCPs expression that consequently triggers the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, leading to increased aerobic glycolysis.	Superoxides	25-43	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	267-272
25362851-3	2015	When MnSOD is deficient, superoxide radical and its resulting reactive oxygen species (ROS) activate ligand binding to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha), suggesting that the activation of PPARalpha signaling is a major mechanism underlying MnSOD-dependent UCPs expression that consequently triggers the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, leading to increased aerobic glycolysis.	Superoxides	25-43	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	335-338
26140661-7	2015	Comparable changes in COX-2 mRNA, miR-16 and c-Myc detected in dHUVEC were produced in nHUVEC exposed to transient high glucose and then stimulated with IL-1beta under physiological glucose levels; superoxide anion production was enhanced under these experimental conditions.	Superoxides	198-214	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	22-27
26140661-8	2015	CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Our results describe a possible mechanism operating in GDM that links the enhanced superoxide anion production and epigenetic changes, associated with hyperglycaemic memory, to endothelial dysfunction through dysregulated post-transcriptional control of COX-2 gene expression in response to inflammatory stimuli.	Superoxides	113-129	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	284-289
26210873-5	2015	We demonstrate that the inhibition of OL differentiation by TNF-alpha is associated with i) increased mitochondrial superoxide production; ii) decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (mMP); and iii) decreased ADP-induced Ca(2+) oscillations, which we previously showed to be dependent on efficient mitochondria.	Superoxides	116-126	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	60-69
26001727-2	2015	Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) activation by TNFalpha requires endosomal superoxide production by Nox1.	Superoxides	77-87	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	0-22
26001727-2	2015	Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) activation by TNFalpha requires endosomal superoxide production by Nox1.	Superoxides	77-87	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	24-33
26001727-2	2015	Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) activation by TNFalpha requires endosomal superoxide production by Nox1.	Superoxides	77-87	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	49-57
26001727-10	2015	TNFalpha-stimulated superoxide generation was enhanced by JNK1 inhibition in WT, but not in Nox1 KO VSMC.	Superoxides	20-30	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-8
26001727-10	2015	TNFalpha-stimulated superoxide generation was enhanced by JNK1 inhibition in WT, but not in Nox1 KO VSMC.	Superoxides	20-30	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	58-62
26001727-12	2015	JNK and endosomal superoxide may represent novel targets for pharmacologic modulation of TNFalpha signaling and vascular inflammation.	Superoxides	18-28	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	89-97
28911718-12	2015	When irradiated in the presence of superoxide dismutase (SOD), the level of lipid peroxidation decreased, indicating that lipid peroxidation is also mediated by superoxide.	Superoxides	35-45	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	57-60
26211713-0	2015	Endothelin-1 impairs coronary arteriolar dilation: Role of p38 kinase-mediated superoxide production from NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	79-89	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	0-12
26211713-0	2015	Endothelin-1 impairs coronary arteriolar dilation: Role of p38 kinase-mediated superoxide production from NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	79-89	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	59-62
26211713-7	2015	The arteriolar wall contains ETA receptors and the adverse effect of ET-1 was prevented by ETA receptor antagonist BQ123, the superoxide scavenger Tempol, the NADPH oxidase inhibitors apocynin and VAS2870, the NOX2-based NADPH oxidase inhibitor gp91 ds-tat, or the p38 kinase inhibitor SB203580.	Superoxides	126-136	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	69-73
26211713-9	2015	Immunohistochemical staining showed that ET-1 elicited Tempol-, apocynin- and SB203580-sensitive superoxide productions in the arteriolar wall.	Superoxides	97-107	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	41-45
26211713-10	2015	Our results indicate that exposure of coronary arterioles to a pathophysiological, sub-vasomotor concentration of ET-1 leads to vascular dysfunction by impairing endothelium-dependent NO-mediated dilation via p38 kinase-mediated production of superoxide from NADPH oxidase following ETA receptor activation.	Superoxides	243-253	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	114-118
26211713-10	2015	Our results indicate that exposure of coronary arterioles to a pathophysiological, sub-vasomotor concentration of ET-1 leads to vascular dysfunction by impairing endothelium-dependent NO-mediated dilation via p38 kinase-mediated production of superoxide from NADPH oxidase following ETA receptor activation.	Superoxides	243-253	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	209-212
26317224-1	2015	BACKGROUND: The cytokine and drug interferon-gamma enhances superoxide anion production by the antimicrobicidal Nox2 enzyme of neutrophils.	Superoxides	60-76	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	34-50
26317224-4	2015	Interferon-gamma was found to enhance superoxide production by Nox2 in a concentration dependent manner.	Superoxides	38-48	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-16
26317224-6	2015	Additionally, application of interferon-gamma for 3 hours to pre-differentiated PLB-985 cells, which models studies using isolated neutrophils, was much less effective at enhancing superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	181-197	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	29-45
25514499-7	2015	Superoxide generation was measured with transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta, eotaxin, and CLC3 blockers.	Superoxides	0-10	C-C motif chemokine ligand 11	Homo sapiens	79-86
26347655-7	2015	It is proposed that CuB delivers superoxide to NO bound to Fe-heme forming peroxynitrite, then nitrate that diffuses away.	Superoxides	33-43	rhomboid 5 homolog 2	Mus musculus	20-23
25514499-12	2015	PMA, TGF-beta, and eotaxin used the CLC3-dependent pathway to increase superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	71-81	C-C motif chemokine ligand 11	Homo sapiens	19-26
26069236-9	2015	SOD and catalase protected against superoxide-induced methionine oxidation and restored protein C activation in vitro (P&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	35-45	catalase	Mus musculus	0-16
26055795-8	2015	Dihydroethidium fluorescence analysis revealed that superoxide production was increased in STAT3 iCKO mice.	Superoxides	52-62	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Mus musculus	91-96
25903194-2	2015	A method able to detect and quantify PM oxidative potential, based on the cytochrome c (cyt-c) reduction by means of superoxide anion produced through quinones redox cycling in the presence of reducing agents, is here described.	Superoxides	117-133	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	74-86
25903194-2	2015	A method able to detect and quantify PM oxidative potential, based on the cytochrome c (cyt-c) reduction by means of superoxide anion produced through quinones redox cycling in the presence of reducing agents, is here described.	Superoxides	117-133	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	88-93
26034201-2	2015	Superoxide participates in acute calcium signaling in afferent arterioles and renal vasoconstriction produced by angiotensin II, endothelin, thromboxane, and pressure-induced myogenic tone.	Superoxides	0-10	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	113-127
26218692-11	2015	RESULTS: The iPLA2gamma-specific inhibitor reduced the fMLP/PMA-stimulated superoxide generation by 90% and 30%, respectively; in addition, the inhibitor completely blocked the fMLP/PMA-activated elastase release.	Superoxides	75-85	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	55-59
26163808-3	2015	LPS-stimulated iNOS and NADPH oxidase (Nox) activity in RAW 264.7 murine macrophages was assessed by measuring cellular nitrate and superoxide ( [Formula: see text] ) production, respectively.	Superoxides	132-142	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	15-19
25724429-1	2015	UNLABELLED: Here, evidence suggests that nitric oxide synthases (NOS) of tumor cells, in contrast with normal tissues, synthesize predominantly superoxide and peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	144-154	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	41-63
25983062-2	2015	This process occurs at least due partially to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (PHOX) activation, which leads to the production of superoxide and oxidative stress.	Superoxides	150-160	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	46-97
26076008-5	2015	Superoxide production by NOX2 requires the p47(phox) (NCF1) subunit to organize the formation of the NOX2 complex on the cell membrane.	Superoxides	0-10	NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47)	Mus musculus	43-46
26100311-9	2015	Superoxide generation was higher and equal in neonatal CD4+ and CD8+ cells, respectively, compared to the adult ones.	Superoxides	0-10	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	55-58
25906743-1	2015	Extracellular-superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is one of the main anti-oxidative enzymes that protect cells against the damaging effects of superoxide.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-42
26221846-5	2015	A cytochrome c assay revealed that the O2 (-) inhibitory activity of Mn-por could be maintained even after treatment with simulated gastric and intestinal fluids.	Superoxides	39-41	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	2-14
25725292-5	2015	TNF-alpha/CHX time-dependently increased intracellular total ROS and mitochondrial superoxide anion production in MODE-K cells, starting from 2h.	Superoxides	83-99	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	0-9
25725292-7	2015	The mitochondrial electron transport chain inhibitors, amytal (IQ site of complex I) and TTFA (Qp site of complex II) showed a pronounced decrease in TNF-alpha/CHX-induced total ROS, mitochondrial superoxide anion and cell death levels.	Superoxides	197-213	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	150-159
25725292-9	2015	The results suggest that mitochondria and NOX are the two major sources of ROS overproduction during TNF-alpha/CHX-induced cell death in MODE-K cells, with superoxide anions being the major ROS species.	Superoxides	156-173	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	101-110
25340263-0	2015	Bazedoxifene blocks AGEs-RAGE-induced superoxide generation and MCP-1 level in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	38-48	advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor	Mus musculus	25-29
25552596-6	2015	However, adiponectin expression in PVAT was positively correlated with vascular NADPH oxidase-derived O2 (-).	Superoxides	102-104	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Homo sapiens	9-20
25744413-4	2015	The specific iNOS inhibitor 1400 W significantly attenuated the LPS-induced mitochondrial superoxide production and dysfunction in adrenal glands, and reversed the LPS-induced adrenocortical hyporesponsiveness to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).	Superoxides	90-100	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	13-17
25744413-4	2015	The specific iNOS inhibitor 1400 W significantly attenuated the LPS-induced mitochondrial superoxide production and dysfunction in adrenal glands, and reversed the LPS-induced adrenocortical hyporesponsiveness to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).	Superoxides	90-100	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	64-67
25284589-6	2015	Hace1 targets the Rac1 GTPase for degradation at Rac1-dependent NADPH oxidase complexes, blocking superoxide generation by the latter.	Superoxides	98-108	HECT domain and ankyrin repeat containing, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1	Mus musculus	0-5
25284589-12	2015	Finally, Gln starvation increases superoxide levels in Hace1(-/-) MEFs, and NADPH oxidase inhibitors block the induction of superoxide and cell death by Gln starvation.	Superoxides	34-44	HECT domain and ankyrin repeat containing, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1	Mus musculus	55-60
26071379-3	2015	A pepducin with a peptide sequence identical to the third intracellular loop of FPR1 was found to inhibit neutrophil functions including granule mobilization and superoxide production.	Superoxides	162-172	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	80-84
25980585-5	2015	Briefly, honokiol inhibited fMLP-induced superoxide anion production (IC50 = 9.80 +- 0.21 muM, n = 4), cathepsin G release (IC50 = 14.23 +- 1.43 muM, n = 4) and migration (IC50 = 5.69 +- 1.51 muM, n = 4) in a concentration dependent manner.	Superoxides	41-57	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
25670255-2	2015	Angiotensin II is a well-recognized stimulus for superoxide production through NADPH oxidase activation and opening of the mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels (mKATP).	Superoxides	49-59	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
25670255-9	2015	Myocardial superoxide production was also increased by angiotensin II, and this action was completely prevented either by NADPH oxidase inhibition or mKATP channel blockade.	Superoxides	11-21	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	55-69
25809538-3	2015	Neutrophils of obese subjects showed significant elevation of the release of basal superoxides (P &lt; 0.0001), formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-stimulated superoxides (P &lt; 0.0001) and opsonized zymosan (OZ)-stimulated superoxides (P &lt; 0.045) compared with lean controls.	Superoxides	168-179	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	151-155
25809538-3	2015	Neutrophils of obese subjects showed significant elevation of the release of basal superoxides (P &lt; 0.0001), formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-stimulated superoxides (P &lt; 0.0001) and opsonized zymosan (OZ)-stimulated superoxides (P &lt; 0.045) compared with lean controls.	Superoxides	168-179	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	151-155
25841779-0	2015	Transforming growth factor beta-interacting factor-induced malignant progression of hepatocellular carcinoma cells depends on superoxide production from Nox4.	Superoxides	126-136	TGFB induced factor homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	0-50
25841779-7	2015	Overexpression of TGIF in HepG2 cells increased superoxide production from Nox4, matrix metalloproteinase expression, invadopodia formation, and cellular migration/invasion ability.	Superoxides	48-58	TGFB induced factor homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	18-22
25841779-9	2015	Using gene knockdown and pharmacological inhibitors, we demonstrate that c-Src/AKT is the upstream signaling that regulates TGIF-induced Nox4 activation and subsequent superoxide production.	Superoxides	168-178	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	73-78
25841779-9	2015	Using gene knockdown and pharmacological inhibitors, we demonstrate that c-Src/AKT is the upstream signaling that regulates TGIF-induced Nox4 activation and subsequent superoxide production.	Superoxides	168-178	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	79-82
25841779-9	2015	Using gene knockdown and pharmacological inhibitors, we demonstrate that c-Src/AKT is the upstream signaling that regulates TGIF-induced Nox4 activation and subsequent superoxide production.	Superoxides	168-178	TGFB induced factor homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	124-128
26164722-8	2015	Treatment of cardiomyocytes with Ang II also increased superoxide production, and this effect of Ang II was attenuated by HET0016.	Superoxides	55-65	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	33-39
26164722-8	2015	Treatment of cardiomyocytes with Ang II also increased superoxide production, and this effect of Ang II was attenuated by HET0016.	Superoxides	55-65	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	97-103
26164722-10	2015	All results suggest that 20-HETE may play a key role in Ang II-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes by a mitochondrial superoxide-dependent pathway.	Superoxides	118-128	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	56-62
25761747-6	2015	The ability of CCK-8 to cause EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation was blocked by CI-988, gefitinib (EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor), PP2 (Src inhibitor), GM6001 (matrix metalloprotease inhibitor), and tiron (superoxide scavenger).	Superoxides	202-212	cholecystokinin	Homo sapiens	15-18
25761747-6	2015	The ability of CCK-8 to cause EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation was blocked by CI-988, gefitinib (EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor), PP2 (Src inhibitor), GM6001 (matrix metalloprotease inhibitor), and tiron (superoxide scavenger).	Superoxides	202-212	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	30-34
25877692-8	2015	These results suggest the possibility that the elimination of the clonogenic potentials of CD34(+) cells involves the generation of mitochondrial superoxide induced by ionizing radiation.	Superoxides	146-156	CD34 molecule	Homo sapiens	91-95
25878055-10	2015	Citrate synthase activity and mitochondrial biogenesis gene were downregulated, and superoxide production was significantly increased in the skeletal muscle from CKD, and these changes were normalized in CKD + AST-120.	Superoxides	84-94	transmembrane protease, serine 11d	Mus musculus	210-213
25940438-8	2015	Moreover, silencing of S100A11 stimulated mitochondrial superoxide production, which was decreased by AACOCF(3), as well as N-acetyl-L-cysteine, which also mimicked the effect of PLA(2) inhibitor on NSCLC chemosensitization upon S100A11 silencing.	Superoxides	56-66	S100 calcium binding protein A11	Homo sapiens	23-30
25940438-9	2015	Thus, we present the novel TSN-S100A11-PLA(2) axis regulating superoxide-dependent apoptosis, triggered by platinum-based chemotherapeutic agents in NSCLC that may be targeted by innovative cancer therapies.	Superoxides	62-72	S100 calcium binding protein A11	Homo sapiens	31-38
25940438-9	2015	Thus, we present the novel TSN-S100A11-PLA(2) axis regulating superoxide-dependent apoptosis, triggered by platinum-based chemotherapeutic agents in NSCLC that may be targeted by innovative cancer therapies.	Superoxides	62-72	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	39-45
25992608-2	2015	Mice overexpressing the mitochondrial matrix isoform of superoxide dismutase (sod2(tg) mice) and/or transgenically expressing catalase within the mitochondrial matrix (mcat(tg) mice) have increased scavenging of O2( -) and H2O2, respectively.	Superoxides	212-214	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	78-82
25993470-8	2015	RESULTS: Angiotensin II promotes insulin resistance in skeletal muscle cells via mitochondrial oxidative stress, resulting in a two-fold increase in superoxide generation.	Superoxides	149-159	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	9-23
25993470-11	2015	Acetyl-L-carnitine, by lowering angiotensin II-induced mitochondrial superoxide formation, prevents Sirtuin3 dysfunction.	Superoxides	69-79	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	32-46
25993470-14	2015	CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate that angiotensin II-induced insulin resistance fosters mitochondrial superoxide generation, in turn leading to Sirtuin3 dysfunction.	Superoxides	103-113	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	39-53
25047230-0	2015	Immobilization of superoxide dismutase on Pt-Pd/MWCNTs hybrid modified electrode surface for superoxide anion detection.	Superoxides	93-109	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	18-38
25047230-2	2015	In the present work, we fabricated a novel O2( -) electrochemical sensor through immobilizing superoxide dismutase (SOD) onto a Pt-Pd/MWCNTs hybrid modified electrode surface.	Superoxides	43-45	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	94-114
25047230-2	2015	In the present work, we fabricated a novel O2( -) electrochemical sensor through immobilizing superoxide dismutase (SOD) onto a Pt-Pd/MWCNTs hybrid modified electrode surface.	Superoxides	43-45	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	116-119
25047230-5	2015	Thanks to the specific biocatalysis of SOD towards O2( -) and the Pt-Pd/MWCNTs - promoted fast electron transfer at the fabricated interface, the developed biosensor exhibits a fast, selective and linear amperometric response upon O2( -) in the concentration scope of 40-1550 muM (R(2)=0.9941), with a sensitivity of 0.601 mA cm(-2) mM(-1) and a detection limit of 0.71 muM (S/N=3).	Superoxides	51-53	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	39-42
25047230-5	2015	Thanks to the specific biocatalysis of SOD towards O2( -) and the Pt-Pd/MWCNTs - promoted fast electron transfer at the fabricated interface, the developed biosensor exhibits a fast, selective and linear amperometric response upon O2( -) in the concentration scope of 40-1550 muM (R(2)=0.9941), with a sensitivity of 0.601 mA cm(-2) mM(-1) and a detection limit of 0.71 muM (S/N=3).	Superoxides	231-233	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	39-42
25605636-8	2015	Superoxide flashes, spontaneous bursts of superoxide generation, caused by opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), occur more frequently in AHS iPSCs-Hep.	Superoxides	0-10	protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, U	Mus musculus	134-138
25605636-8	2015	Superoxide flashes, spontaneous bursts of superoxide generation, caused by opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), occur more frequently in AHS iPSCs-Hep.	Superoxides	42-52	protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, U	Mus musculus	134-138
25565313-9	2015	In vitro analysis of primary mesangial cells showed that deletion of p47(phox) led to reduced basal levels of superoxide and collagen IV production.	Superoxides	110-120	NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47)	Mus musculus	69-72
25565313-9	2015	In vitro analysis of primary mesangial cells showed that deletion of p47(phox) led to reduced basal levels of superoxide and collagen IV production.	Superoxides	110-120	NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47)	Mus musculus	73-77
25589411-5	2015	While endosomal superoxide production induces caspase-1 and NLRP3 transcription, it does not affect prae-IL-1beta transcription.	Superoxides	16-26	caspase 1	Homo sapiens	46-55
25589411-5	2015	While endosomal superoxide production induces caspase-1 and NLRP3 transcription, it does not affect prae-IL-1beta transcription.	Superoxides	16-26	NLR family pyrin domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	60-65
25770601-0	2015	Anamperometric superoxide anion radicalbiosensor based on SOD/PtPd-PDARGO modified electrode.	Superoxides	15-31	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	58-61
25874717-4	2015	Treatment with inflammatory cytokine TNFalpha increased superoxide and oxidative stress and decreased eNOS and VE-cadherin acutely over 48 hours in aortic valve endothelial cells (VEC) and chronically over 21 days in ex vivo AV leaflets.	Superoxides	56-66	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	37-45
25711612-13	2015	Interleukin-10 deficiency also resulted in increased myeloperoxidase activity, greater depletion of reduced glutathione levels, increased superoxide anion production and the maintenance of high plasma concentrations of creatine kinase (until 24 h after the swimming session) in soleus muscle (P   0.05).	Superoxides	138-154	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	0-14
25875935-9	2015	Insulin and apocynin attenuate ROS and O2 - generation, and restored vascular reactivity to U46619 and CGRP.	Superoxides	39-41	insulin	Homo sapiens	0-7
25596949-4	2015	RESULTS: Atorvastatin inhibited IL-1beta-induced GAGs release, TNF-alpha, MMP-13, and O2(-) with no effect on TIMP-1 and NO.	Superoxides	86-88	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	32-40
25598170-7	2015	Angiotensin II, AT1 receptors and NAD(P)H oxidase-derived superoxide anions pathway in the PVN are mainly responsible for the enhanced CSAR in CHF and hypertension.	Superoxides	58-75	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
25460870-1	2015	BACKGROUND: Hyperglycemia in patients with acute coronary syndromes is associated with poor outcomes, and its rapid correction with insulin infusion has been shown to restore platelet responsiveness to nitric oxide and to suppress superoxide (O2(-)) generation.	Superoxides	231-241	insulin	Homo sapiens	132-139
25460870-1	2015	BACKGROUND: Hyperglycemia in patients with acute coronary syndromes is associated with poor outcomes, and its rapid correction with insulin infusion has been shown to restore platelet responsiveness to nitric oxide and to suppress superoxide (O2(-)) generation.	Superoxides	243-245	insulin	Homo sapiens	132-139
25450812-2	2015	Hyperglycemia leads to increased production of superoxide radical in mitochondrial electron transport chain, consequently, inhibit glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, increase the flux of substrates that direct the expression of genes responsible for activation of polyol, hexosamine, advanced glycation end products and protein kinase-C pathways enzymes.	Superoxides	47-65	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	131-171
25129059-4	2015	Increased bacterial catalase and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities by S. aureus with concomitant decrease in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anion, and nitric oxide (NO) release were observed in case of prior CXCR1 blocking.	Superoxides	149-165	chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 1	Mus musculus	228-233
25399352-1	2015	MAIN CONCLUSION: NADPH oxidase AtrbohD an d AtrbohF negatively modulate lateral root development by changing the peroxidase activity and increasing the local generation of superoxide in primary roots of Arabidopsis in an auxin-independent manner.	Superoxides	172-182	peroxidase	Arabidopsis thaliana	113-123
25388649-8	2015	The enhanced superoxide anion production in glomeruli and proximal tubules, associated with the increased expression of gp91(phox) and p47(phox), is involved in the oxidative stress in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.	Superoxides	13-29	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Rattus norvegicus	125-129
25388649-8	2015	The enhanced superoxide anion production in glomeruli and proximal tubules, associated with the increased expression of gp91(phox) and p47(phox), is involved in the oxidative stress in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.	Superoxides	13-29	NSFL1 cofactor	Rattus norvegicus	135-138
25388649-8	2015	The enhanced superoxide anion production in glomeruli and proximal tubules, associated with the increased expression of gp91(phox) and p47(phox), is involved in the oxidative stress in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.	Superoxides	13-29	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Rattus norvegicus	139-143
25578810-1	2015	Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) is a highly conserved bimetallic protein enzyme, used for the scavenging the superoxide radicals (O2 (-)) produced due to aerobic metabolism in the mitochondrial respiratory chain.	Superoxides	6-16	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	30-34
25578810-1	2015	Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) is a highly conserved bimetallic protein enzyme, used for the scavenging the superoxide radicals (O2 (-)) produced due to aerobic metabolism in the mitochondrial respiratory chain.	Superoxides	134-136	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	30-34
25711811-2	2015	Recombinant AIR12 from Arabidopsis accepted electrons from ascorbate or superoxide, and donated electrons to either monodehydroascorbate or oxygen.	Superoxides	72-82	auxin-induced in root cultures-like protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	12-17
25711811-7	2015	However, AIR12-overexpressing plants accumulated ROS (superoxide, hydrogen peroxide) and lipid peroxides in leaves, indicating that AIR12 may alter the redox state of the apoplast under particular conditions.	Superoxides	54-64	auxin-induced in root cultures-like protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	9-14
25779629-5	2015	Like an aged bone, Sod2 depletion in the osteocytes positively enhanced the production of cellular superoxide in vivo.	Superoxides	99-109	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	19-23
25779629-10	2015	These findings demonstrate that the mitochondrial superoxide induced in osteocytes by Sod2 ablation causes age-related bone loss due to the impairment of canalicular networks and bone metabolism via the deregulation of the sclerostin and RANKL expression.	Superoxides	50-60	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	86-90
25751262-1	2015	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3), which catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide anions to hydrogen peroxide at the cell membranes, regulates the cellular growth in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	78-95	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-40
25288672-7	2015	Mechanistic analysis of superoxide-deficient bone marrow-derived macrophages revealed a marked diminution in a proinflammatory M1 phenotype due to decreased P-STAT1 (Y701) and interferon regulatory factor 5 compared with NOD mice.	Superoxides	24-34	interferon regulatory factor 5	Mus musculus	176-206
25713188-8	2015	With this Perspective, approaches that stimulate AMPK and PGC1alpha via exercise, caloric restriction, and medications result in stimulation of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation activity, restore physiologic mitochondrial superoxide production, and promote organ healing.	Superoxides	228-238	PPARG coactivator 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	58-67
25399352-8	2015	Moreover, the deficiency of AtrbohD and AtrbohF caused a marked increase in peroxidase activity in the mature root zone, which contributed to the localized accumulation of O2 (-) and the elevated LR density in the double mutants.	Superoxides	172-174	peroxidase	Arabidopsis thaliana	76-86
25490952-10	2015	Furthermore, Cd-induced superoxide and lipid peroxidation mediated activation of proapoptotic markers p21 and p53 in the developing embryo.	Superoxides	24-34	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	110-113
25690286-3	2015	Results indicated that CPF1 (molecular weight less than 1 kDa) and CPF2 (molecular weight between 1 and 3 kDa) exhibited good hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion radical and 2,2"-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) diammonium salt (ABTS) radical scavenging activity and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC).	Superoxides	144-168	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 2	Homo sapiens	67-71
25671321-8	2015	Further, we show that increasing mitochondrial superoxide levels through deletion of sod-2 or treatment with paraquat can still increase lifespan in clk-1;sod-1 double mutants, which live shorter than clk-1 worms.	Superoxides	47-57	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	155-160
25699251-1	2015	The superoxide (O( -) 2)-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes consists of a membrane component, cytochrome b 558 (a heterodimer of Nox2 and p22 (phox) ), and four cytosolic components, p47 (phox) , p67 (phox) , p40 (phox) , and Rac.	Superoxides	4-14	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	200-203
25699251-1	2015	The superoxide (O( -) 2)-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes consists of a membrane component, cytochrome b 558 (a heterodimer of Nox2 and p22 (phox) ), and four cytosolic components, p47 (phox) , p67 (phox) , p40 (phox) , and Rac.	Superoxides	4-14	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	230-233
25709434-8	2015	Importantly, the cytotoxic effects of TiO2NPs were attenuated by the pretreatment of hFOB 1.19 cells with SOD, indicating the significant role of O2 ( -) in the cell damage and death observed.	Superoxides	40-42	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	106-109
25288367-4	2015	It is claimed that ET-1 induces proinflammatory mechanisms, increasing superoxide anion production and cytokine secretion.	Superoxides	71-87	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	19-23
25229693-7	2015	Moreover, metformin administration partially although significantly attenuated PTEN deletion-induced accumulation of superoxide.	Superoxides	117-127	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Mus musculus	79-83
23836447-9	2015	These results suggest that upregulation of eNOS phosphorylation at Ser1177 and eNOS phosphorylation at Thr495 produce NO and superoxide anions, respectively, resulting in generation of peroxynitrite, which causes impairment of vascular endothelial cells.	Superoxides	125-142	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	43-47
23836447-9	2015	These results suggest that upregulation of eNOS phosphorylation at Ser1177 and eNOS phosphorylation at Thr495 produce NO and superoxide anions, respectively, resulting in generation of peroxynitrite, which causes impairment of vascular endothelial cells.	Superoxides	125-142	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	79-83
25476852-5	2015	We found that incubation of purified recombinant Sirt6 protein with 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1; a peroxynitrite donor that generates nitric oxide and superoxide simultaneously) increased Sirt6 tyrosine nitration and decreased its intrinsic catalytic activity.	Superoxides	154-164	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	93-98
25493575-9	2015	Simultaneous delivery of the AID peptide with curcumin allowed for effective attenuation of the L-type Ca(2+) channel-activated increases in superoxide (assessed as changes in DHE fluorescence; Empty NP = 53.1 +- 7.6%; NP-C-AID = 7.32 +- 3.57%) and mitochondrial membrane potential (assessed as changes in JC-1 fluorescence; Empty NP = 19.8 +- 2.8%; NP-C-AID=13.05 +- 1.78%).	Superoxides	141-151	activation-induced cytidine deaminase	Rattus norvegicus	29-32
25535282-0	2015	Atg7 enhances host defense against infection via downregulation of superoxide but upregulation of nitric oxide.	Superoxides	67-77	autophagy related 7	Mus musculus	0-4
25460325-7	2015	This SOD-1 increase was associated with an increase in sod1 gene expression, increase in SOD-1 activity, and decrease in O2( -) levels.	Superoxides	121-123	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	5-10
25628043-7	2015	Compared to AFs from wild-type mice, AFs derived from apoE(-/-) mice exhibited elevated NADPH oxidase activity, O2(-) production and higher mRNA and protein levels of p47phox, correlated with increased capability of proliferation and migration.	Superoxides	112-117	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	54-58
25416191-3	2015	This covalent modification enhances ACE reactivity toward angiotensin II (ANG II)-NADPH oxidase-superoxide-dependent endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	96-106	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Rattus norvegicus	36-39
25416191-3	2015	This covalent modification enhances ACE reactivity toward angiotensin II (ANG II)-NADPH oxidase-superoxide-dependent endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	96-106	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	74-80
25872153-5	2015	After pretreatment with S1P, the fMLP-activated neutrophils released increased levels of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	89-106	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
26670366-10	2015	DCBPY and SOD inhibits the reduction of cytochrome c and inhibited the NO consumption by O2-, showing that O2- has been removed from the solution.	Superoxides	107-109	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	40-52
25089004-8	2015	However, O2- generation by the macula densa increased to 21.4 +- 2.5 unit min(-1) in Ang II-induced hypertensive mice.	Superoxides	9-11	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	85-91
25089004-11	2015	CONCLUSIONS: Under physiological conditions, TGF response is mainly controlled by the NO generated in the macula densa; in Ang II induced hypertension, the TGF response is mainly controlled by the O2- generated by the macula densa.	Superoxides	197-199	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	123-129
24965329-4	2015	Superoxide anion production was assessed by determination of the reduction of cytochrome c and iodonitrotetrazolium (INT), lipid peroxidation (LPO), metallothioneins (MTs), and catalase (CAT) activity.	Superoxides	0-16	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	177-185
24965329-4	2015	Superoxide anion production was assessed by determination of the reduction of cytochrome c and iodonitrotetrazolium (INT), lipid peroxidation (LPO), metallothioneins (MTs), and catalase (CAT) activity.	Superoxides	0-16	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	187-190
26120888-5	2015	We exposed HepG2 cells to different concentrations of cadmium chloride (2.5, 5, and 10 muM) for 12 h. We found that Cd induced mitochondrial-derived superoxide anion-dependent autophagic cell death.	Superoxides	149-165	latexin	Homo sapiens	87-90
26120888-12	2015	These results suggest that melatonin exerts a hepatoprotective effect on mitochondrial-derived O2( -)-stimulated autophagic cell death that is dependent on the SIRT3/SOD2 pathway.	Superoxides	95-101	sirtuin 3	Homo sapiens	160-165
26550576-1	2015	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3) is a secreted enzyme that uses superoxide anion as a substrate in a dismutase reaction that results in the formation of hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	73-89	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-40
26599430-4	2015	Recent studies have reported that enhanced expression of cytosolic superoxide dismutase (SOD1), a critical enzyme responsible for regulation of superoxide radicals, may increase the aggressive and invasive potential of malignant cells in some cancers.	Superoxides	67-77	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	89-93
26155184-3	2015	Although preliminary studies with CGD patients on treatment with IFN-gamma showed that it enhanced phagocytosis and superoxide production, ongoing studies did not reveal a significant increase of this function.	Superoxides	116-126	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	65-74
26155184-11	2015	CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that IFN-gamma treatment may increase the oxidative bursting activity by increasing the superoxide production in neutrophils, particularly in gp91phox subtype.	Superoxides	118-128	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	35-44
23628005-7	2015	In addition, PGI2 overexpression further increased iNOS expression and superoxide accumulation in cardiomyocytes compared with DOX alone, which may be the reason for aggravated cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	71-81	prostaglandin I receptor (IP)	Mus musculus	13-17
25520316-0	2015	Superoxide anion radicals induce IGF-1 resistance through concomitant activation of PTP1B and PTEN.	Superoxides	0-25	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Mus musculus	94-98
25520316-3	2015	We report here that IGF-1 signalling in vitro and in a murine ageing model in vivo is suppressed in response to accumulation of superoxide anions (O2 -) in mitochondria, either by chemical inhibition of complex I or by genetic silencing of O2 --dismutating mitochondrial Sod2.	Superoxides	128-145	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	271-275
25520316-3	2015	We report here that IGF-1 signalling in vitro and in a murine ageing model in vivo is suppressed in response to accumulation of superoxide anions (O2 -) in mitochondria, either by chemical inhibition of complex I or by genetic silencing of O2 --dismutating mitochondrial Sod2.	Superoxides	147-149	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	271-275
25520316-5	2015	Enhanced O2 - led to activation of the phosphatases PTP1B and PTEN, which via dephosphorylation of the IGF-1 receptor and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate dampened IGF-1 signalling.	Superoxides	9-11	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Mus musculus	62-66
25520316-6	2015	Genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of PTP1B and PTEN abrogated O2 --induced IGF-1 resistance and rescued the ageing skin phenotype.	Superoxides	65-67	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Mus musculus	50-54
25385799-0	2015	Neutralization of mitochondrial superoxide by superoxide dismutase 2 promotes bacterial clearance and regulates phagocyte numbers in zebrafish.	Superoxides	32-42	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Danio rerio	46-68
26255385-2	2015	To study the anti-inflammation effect, 14 compounds of phenolic acid phenethyl esters are synthesised, while the inhibition on superoxide anion generation (which is linked to an inflammation effect) induced by PMA and fMLP stimulants is detected.	Superoxides	127-143	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	218-222
26156624-6	2015	RESULTS: Pioglitazone significantly reduced angiotensin II-induced enhanced lipid deposition and superoxide production in the adventitia of the aorta, as detected by oil red O and dihydroethidium (DHE) staining, respectively.	Superoxides	97-107	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	44-58
25252686-7	2015	The activated p53 appears to delay retroviral gene expression by suppressing NADPH oxidase, a superoxide-producing enzyme.	Superoxides	94-104	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	14-17
26670366-6	2015	The O2- was generated using hypoxantine xantine oxidase and the reduction of cytochrome c, NO consumption by O2- and the effect in avoid NO consumption was measured.	Superoxides	4-6	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	77-89
25446015-3	2015	Angiotensin II (Ang II) activates NADPH-dependent oxidases, which are a major source of superoxide and are upregulated in major aging-related diseases such as hypertension and neurodegenerative disease.	Superoxides	88-98	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	0-14
25446015-3	2015	Angiotensin II (Ang II) activates NADPH-dependent oxidases, which are a major source of superoxide and are upregulated in major aging-related diseases such as hypertension and neurodegenerative disease.	Superoxides	88-98	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	16-22
26180586-2	2015	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes play a pivotal role in the antioxidant system and they also catalyze superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	104-114	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	22-25
26301039-3	2015	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD, SOD2) is a mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme that converts toxic superoxide to hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	32-38
26301039-3	2015	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD, SOD2) is a mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme that converts toxic superoxide to hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	40-44
25317685-11	2015	Angiotensin II manipulates the free radical-antioxidant balance in the vasculature by selectively increasing O2(-) production and decreasing SOD activity and causes an oxidative stress induced elevation in blood pressure in the Wistar rat.	Superoxides	109-114	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
26417938-0	2015	Hydrogen peroxide-independent generation of superoxide catalyzed by soybean peroxidase in response to ferrous ion.	Superoxides	44-54	peroxidase	Glycine max	76-86
26417938-3	2015	By employing the purified proteins of horseradish peroxidase as a model, we have recently proposed a likely role for free Fe(2+) in reduction of ferric enzyme of plant peroxidases into ferrous intermediate and oxygen-bound form of enzyme known as Compound III which may eventually releases superoxide anion radical (O2( -)), especially under alkaline condition, possibly contributing to the plant defense mechanism.	Superoxides	290-314	peroxidase	Glycine max	50-60
25269106-5	2014	The rate of superoxide anion radical (O2(-)) production under Fe(III)-oxalate/H2O2/UV (350 nm) was 0.19 +- 0.02 muM/min with a steady-state concentration of 5.43 +- 0.473 x 10(-10) M. Detailed product studies using liquid chromatography coupled to Q-TOF/MS demonstrate both reduction (multiple dehalogenations) and oxidation (aromatic ring and side chains) contribute to the degradation pathways.	Superoxides	12-36	latexin	Homo sapiens	112-115
25269106-5	2014	The rate of superoxide anion radical (O2(-)) production under Fe(III)-oxalate/H2O2/UV (350 nm) was 0.19 +- 0.02 muM/min with a steady-state concentration of 5.43 +- 0.473 x 10(-10) M. Detailed product studies using liquid chromatography coupled to Q-TOF/MS demonstrate both reduction (multiple dehalogenations) and oxidation (aromatic ring and side chains) contribute to the degradation pathways.	Superoxides	38-40	latexin	Homo sapiens	112-115
25493635-5	2014	Among the isolated compounds, 5-hydroxy-7-methoxyflavone (5), quercetin (6), and (2S)-7-hydroxyflavanone (10) exhibited potent inhibition of fMLP-induced superoxide anion generation by human neutrophils, with IC50 values of 1.77 +- 0.70, 3.82 +- 0.46, and 4.92 +- 1.71 muM, respectively.	Superoxides	154-170	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	141-145
25083917-7	2014	However, even without the full reduction to Cu(I), the Cu site in the Zn-less variants of SOD1 is shown to be catalytically incompetent: unable to bind superoxide in a way comparable to the WT-SOD1.	Superoxides	152-162	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	90-94
25474595-5	2014	(N11) significantly inhibited superoxide anion generation and elastase release in formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (FMLP)-activated human neutrophils, with IC50 values of 0.67+-0.38 microg/ml and 0.84+-0.12 microg/ml, respectively.	Superoxides	30-46	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	127-131
25307720-3	2014	This study was designed to investigate whether PVN superoxide anions mediate CSAR and Ang II-induced CSAR enhancement response in fructose-induced insulin resistance (IR) rats.	Superoxides	51-68	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	86-92
25474089-4	2014	Additional studies have reported that over-expressing copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), an intracellular superoxide (O2 -) scavenging enzyme, in the SFO attenuates chronic AngII-induced hypertension.	Superoxides	66-76	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	88-95
25474089-4	2014	Additional studies have reported that over-expressing copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), an intracellular superoxide (O2 -) scavenging enzyme, in the SFO attenuates chronic AngII-induced hypertension.	Superoxides	66-76	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	182-187
25474089-4	2014	Additional studies have reported that over-expressing copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), an intracellular superoxide (O2 -) scavenging enzyme, in the SFO attenuates chronic AngII-induced hypertension.	Superoxides	127-129	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	88-95
25474089-5	2014	Herein, we tested the hypothesis that overproduction of O2 - in the MnPO is an underlying mechanism in the long-term hypertensive effects of chronic AngII.	Superoxides	56-58	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	149-154
25474089-9	2014	These results support the hypothesis that production of O2 - in the MnPO contributes to the development of chronic AngII-dependent hypertension.	Superoxides	56-58	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	115-120
25307720-8	2014	Moreover, PVN pre-treatment with tempol or losartan prevented superoxide anions increase caused by Ang II in IR rats.	Superoxides	62-79	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	99-105
25307720-9	2014	CONCLUSION: PVN superoxide anions mediate CSAR and Ang II-induced CSAR response in IR rats.	Superoxides	16-33	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	51-57
25307720-10	2014	In IR state, increased NAD(P)H oxidase activity and decreased SOD and CAT activities in the PVN promote superoxide anions increase to involve in CSAR enhancement.	Superoxides	104-121	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	70-73
25307720-11	2014	Ang II may increase NAD(P)H oxidase activity via AT1 receptor to induce superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	72-88	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
25183231-1	2014	We have reported the molecular characterization including gene silencing, superoxide activity, superoxide anion production, gene expression and molecular characterization of a mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (mMnSOD) from striped murrel Channa striatus (named as CsmMnSOD).	Superoxides	74-84	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	222-228
25091502-0	2014	Endothelin-1 contributes to endothelial dysfunction and enhanced vasoconstriction through augmented superoxide production in penile arteries from insulin-resistant obese rats: role of ET(A) and ET(B) receptors.	Superoxides	100-110	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-12
25091502-4	2014	KEY RESULTS: ET-1 stimulated acute O2 (-) production that was blunted by tempol and the NADPH oxidase inhibitor, apocynin, but markedly enhanced in obese animals.	Superoxides	35-41	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	13-17
25091502-6	2014	Selective ETA (BQ123) or ETB receptor (BQ788) antagonists reduced both basal and ET-1-stimulated superoxide generation and reversed ET-1-induced inhibition of NO-mediated relaxations in OZR, while only BQ-123 antagonized ET-1 actions in LZR.	Superoxides	97-107	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	81-85
25183231-1	2014	We have reported the molecular characterization including gene silencing, superoxide activity, superoxide anion production, gene expression and molecular characterization of a mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (mMnSOD) from striped murrel Channa striatus (named as CsmMnSOD).	Superoxides	95-111	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	222-228
25363644-0	2014	Involvement of superoxide and nitric oxide in BRAF(V600E) inhibitor PLX4032-induced growth inhibition of melanoma cells.	Superoxides	15-25	B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	46-50
25246240-9	2014	Our data indicate that diosgenin exhibits inhibitory effects on superoxide anion production through the blockade of cAMP, PKA, cPLA2, PAK, Akt and MAPKs signaling pathways.	Superoxides	64-80	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	139-142
26101557-4	2015	RESULTS: In in vitro study, more significant increases in mitochondrial superoxide production and Prx 3 expression were detected in the MT-I/II KO groups.	Superoxides	72-82	metallothionein 1	Mus musculus	136-146
25339677-0	2014	DOCK2 and DOCK5 act additively in neutrophils to regulate chemotaxis, superoxide production, and extracellular trap formation.	Superoxides	70-80	dedicator of cyto-kinesis 2	Mus musculus	0-5
25490417-4	2014	Treatment of hph1 mice with recombinant human EPO (1000 U/kg, subcutaneously for 3 days) significantly decreased superoxide anion production by eNOS and improved BH4 to 7,8-BH2 ratio in aortas.	Superoxides	113-129	erythropoietin	Homo sapiens	46-49
25437917-3	2014	Anti-inflammatory activity of new metabolites to inhibit the superoxide anion generation and elastase release in N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl phenylalanine/cytochalasin B (FMLP/CB)-induced human neutrophil cells and cytotoxicity of both new compounds toward five cancer cell lines were reported.	Superoxides	61-77	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	169-173
25151272-6	2014	Superoxide anion (O2(.-)) accumulation was measured with the reduction of ferricytochrome c. Compared with the control group, angiotensin II up-regulated expression of PKCbetaII, Pin-1 and PP2A, induced p66(Shc)-Ser(36) phosphorylation, and facilitated p66(Shc) mitochondrial translocation, resulting in O2(.-) accumulation, mitochondrial cytochrome c release, caspase 3 activation, and the inhibition of cell viability.	Superoxides	0-16	peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase, NIMA-interacting 1	Mus musculus	179-184
25163518-1	2014	We recently demonstrated increased superoxide (O2( -)) and decreased H2O2 levels in pulmonary arteries of chronic hypoxia-exposed wild-type and normoxic superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) knockout mice.	Superoxides	35-45	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	177-181
25406086-14	2014	These effects are accompanied by increased expression of AT2 receptor, which provide positive effects against Ang II-induced superoxide generation, resulting in attenuation of AngII-induced vasoconstriction.	Superoxides	125-135	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	110-116
25406086-14	2014	These effects are accompanied by increased expression of AT2 receptor, which provide positive effects against Ang II-induced superoxide generation, resulting in attenuation of AngII-induced vasoconstriction.	Superoxides	125-135	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	176-181
25163518-1	2014	We recently demonstrated increased superoxide (O2( -)) and decreased H2O2 levels in pulmonary arteries of chronic hypoxia-exposed wild-type and normoxic superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) knockout mice.	Superoxides	47-49	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	177-181
25288807-5	2014	Upon LPS stimulation, stefin B was targeted into the mitochondria, and the lack of stefin B resulted in the increased destabilization of mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial superoxide generation.	Superoxides	188-198	cystatin B	Mus musculus	83-91
25370744-4	2014	Melanoma-predisposing CDKN2A germline mutations, which affect conserved glycine and aspartate residues within the GHDDGQ motif, impair the ability of ARF to control superoxide production and suppress growth of melanoma cells in vivo.	Superoxides	165-175	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A	Homo sapiens	22-28
25398022-9	2014	Immunoreactivity of the catalytic subunit of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, Nox2, and superoxide were elevated in ApoE-/- mice that were fed the low n-3 PUFA diet, and this was also significantly attenuated in mice that were fed the high n-3 PUFA diet.	Superoxides	116-126	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	144-148
25369284-9	2014	The ANG II/B1R agonist synergism was inhibited by losartan (AT1 blocker, 10 microM), B1R antagonist (10 microM) and Tiron (superoxide anion scavenger, 10 mM).	Superoxides	123-139	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	4-14
25369284-9	2014	The ANG II/B1R agonist synergism was inhibited by losartan (AT1 blocker, 10 microM), B1R antagonist (10 microM) and Tiron (superoxide anion scavenger, 10 mM).	Superoxides	123-139	bradykinin receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	11-14
24947366-7	2014	Decreased GSIS in HF-fed sod2(+/-) was associated with increased ROS, such as superoxide ion.	Superoxides	78-88	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	25-29
25151339-2	2014	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), a critical enzyme in the detoxification of superoxide radicals, was found to be abnormal in TD.	Superoxides	71-81	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
25151339-2	2014	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), a critical enzyme in the detoxification of superoxide radicals, was found to be abnormal in TD.	Superoxides	71-81	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
25059284-1	2014	OBJECTIVE: In vitro superoxide activates pulmonary endothelial TRPM2 channels and increases Kf .	Superoxides	20-30	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 2	Rattus norvegicus	63-68
25059284-11	2014	CONCLUSION: Diabetic rats exhibit a TRPM2-mediated increase in lung Kf , which is associated with increased TRPM2 activation and increased vascular superoxide levels.	Superoxides	148-158	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 2	Rattus norvegicus	36-41
25134729-6	2014	However, T42EC expression enhanced Abeta-induced mitochondrial membrane potential loss and increased superoxide levels compared to what was observed in mature neurons expressing full-length tau.	Superoxides	101-111	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	35-40
25105464-14	2014	These data suggest that the NRF2 pathway is differentially responsive to CDDO-Me activation in peripheral blood cells from patients with septic shock and results in increased O2 production.	Superoxides	175-177	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	28-32
25160910-4	2014	Excellent activities of superoxide dismutation by PEI-SOD@HSN are found and transformation of H2 O2 to water by PEI-CAT@HSN.	Superoxides	24-34	catalase	Homo sapiens	116-119
25160910-5	2014	When PEI-SOD and PEI-CAT are co-encapsulated, cascade transformation of superoxide through hydrogen peroxide to water was facile.	Superoxides	72-82	catalase	Homo sapiens	21-24
25160910-8	2014	The rapid cell uptake and strong detoxification effect on superoxide radicals by the SOD/CAT-encapsulated hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles demonstrate the general concept of implanting catalytic nanoreactors in biological cells with designed functions.	Superoxides	58-77	catalase	Homo sapiens	89-92
25363644-6	2014	SOD and L-NMMA could abolish the PLX4032-induced increase in intracellular O2 (-) and NO production, thereby rescuing cell growth in BRAF mutant A375 cells (A375(BRAFV600E)).	Superoxides	75-77	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
25359976-6	2014	NGFbeta was released by macrophages in response to S. aureus exoproteins through activation of the NOD-like receptors NLRP3 and NLRP4 and enhanced phagocytosis and superoxide-dependent killing, stimulated proinflammatory cytokine production, and promoted calcium-dependent neutrophil recruitment.	Superoxides	164-174	nerve growth factor	Homo sapiens	0-7
25069039-9	2014	In addition, 4OHTAM induced O2--dependent activation of ERK, inhibition of which destabilized lysosomes/autolysosomes upon 4OHTAM treatment and together with depletion of NO led to necrotic cell death.	Superoxides	28-30	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	56-59
25343455-8	2014	Superoxide production in vascular wall was increased by AII and BSO alone, and was markedly enhanced by AII+BSO.	Superoxides	0-10	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	56-59
25343455-8	2014	Superoxide production in vascular wall was increased by AII and BSO alone, and was markedly enhanced by AII+BSO.	Superoxides	0-10	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	104-107
25333617-1	2014	Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (Sod1) loss causes a redox imbalance as it leads to excess superoxide generation, which results in the appearance of various aging-related phenotypes, including skin atrophy.	Superoxides	6-16	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	28-32
25143378-5	2014	Diphtheria toxin-mediated ablation of lysozyme M-positive (LysM(+)) monocytes in ATII-infused LysM(iDTR) transgenic mice prevented eNOS glutathionylation and eNOS-derived N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester-sensitive superoxide formation in the endothelial layer.	Superoxides	220-230	lysozyme 2	Mus musculus	59-63
25143378-5	2014	Diphtheria toxin-mediated ablation of lysozyme M-positive (LysM(+)) monocytes in ATII-infused LysM(iDTR) transgenic mice prevented eNOS glutathionylation and eNOS-derived N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester-sensitive superoxide formation in the endothelial layer.	Superoxides	220-230	lysozyme 2	Mus musculus	94-98
25285524-6	2014	Oxidative stress from menadione-generated superoxide induced JNK-dependent stathmin phosphorylation at Ser-16, Ser-25 and Ser-38 in hepatocytes.	Superoxides	42-52	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	61-64
25019585-3	2014	LPS treatment resulted in an increase in the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX-4), suggesting the cytosolic overexpression of nitric oxide and superoxide anion, the primary reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS).	Superoxides	187-203	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	59-90
25019585-3	2014	LPS treatment resulted in an increase in the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX-4), suggesting the cytosolic overexpression of nitric oxide and superoxide anion, the primary reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS).	Superoxides	187-203	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	92-96
24997046-3	2014	Addition of SOD to the medium inhibited LDL oxidation, indicating the formation of superoxide anion-radicals under autoxidation of glucose.	Superoxides	83-108	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	12-15
24997046-4	2014	Similarly, SOD inhibited free radical peroxidation of liposomes from egg lecithin in the presence of glucose that confirms the generation of superoxide radicals under co-oxidation of unsaturated lipids and glucose.	Superoxides	141-151	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	11-14
25226386-2	2014	Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is upregulated in hyperhomocysteinemia and can generate superoxide.	Superoxides	95-105	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	0-31
25226386-2	2014	Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is upregulated in hyperhomocysteinemia and can generate superoxide.	Superoxides	95-105	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	33-37
25226386-8	2014	Deficiency of iNOS did not alter myocardial infarct size in mice fed the control diet but significantly increased infarct size and cardiac superoxide production in mice fed the HM/LF diet (P&lt;0.05 vs. Nos2+/+ mice).	Superoxides	139-149	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	14-18
24932545-8	2014	H2S is also capable of reducing cytochrome c(3+) with the concomitant formation of superoxide.	Superoxides	83-93	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	32-44
25056956-0	2014	Arachidonic acid induces direct interaction of the p67(phox)-Rac complex with the phagocyte oxidase Nox2, leading to superoxide production.	Superoxides	117-127	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	51-54
24995577-11	2014	Additionally, esculetin induced the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential with a release of cytochrome c into the cytosol which starts at 6 h of treatment with esculetin and increases up to 24 h. Esculetin induced an increase in superoxide anion at long times of treatment and a reduction of peroxides at short times (1 h) with an observed increase at 2-4 h of treatment.	Superoxides	232-248	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	95-107
25056956-0	2014	Arachidonic acid induces direct interaction of the p67(phox)-Rac complex with the phagocyte oxidase Nox2, leading to superoxide production.	Superoxides	117-127	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	61-64
24909615-5	2014	By such treatment, the protein level of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was doubled and cellular oxidants, including nitric oxide, superoxide, and their derivatives, were increasingly produced.	Superoxides	138-148	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	40-71
24993132-6	2014	Moreover, Kp infection induced excessive proinflammatory cytokines and superoxide in the lung of atg7 KO mice.	Superoxides	71-81	autophagy related 7	Mus musculus	97-101
24909615-5	2014	By such treatment, the protein level of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was doubled and cellular oxidants, including nitric oxide, superoxide, and their derivatives, were increasingly produced.	Superoxides	138-148	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	73-77
25165814-8	2014	Only SIRT3 overexpression affected fatty acid metabolism, and only SIRT4 overexpression altered superoxide levels and mitochondrial membrane potential.	Superoxides	96-106	sirtuin 4	Homo sapiens	67-72
25056956-9	2014	p67(phox)-Rac-Nox2 assembly and superoxide production are both abrogated by alanine substitution for Tyr-198, Leu-199, and Val-204 in the p67(phox) activation domain that localizes the C-terminal to the Rac-binding domain.	Superoxides	32-42	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	138-141
24327206-9	2014	Ang II, ET-1 and EGF increased myocardial superoxide production (187 +- 9 %, 149 +- 8 % and 163.7 +- 6 % of control, respectively) and AG1478 inhibited these effects.	Superoxides	42-52	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-6
24327206-9	2014	Ang II, ET-1 and EGF increased myocardial superoxide production (187 +- 9 %, 149 +- 8 % and 163.7 +- 6 % of control, respectively) and AG1478 inhibited these effects.	Superoxides	42-52	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	8-12
25036668-3	2014	It was found that both immediate inflammation responses including superoxide anion generation and elastase release were significantly inhibited by treatment with compounds 20, 21, and 24 (superoxide anion generation: IC50 7.0, 7.6, 4.0 muM; elastase release: IC50 3.7, 4.4, 1.0 muM, respectively).	Superoxides	188-204	latexin	Homo sapiens	236-239
25036668-3	2014	It was found that both immediate inflammation responses including superoxide anion generation and elastase release were significantly inhibited by treatment with compounds 20, 21, and 24 (superoxide anion generation: IC50 7.0, 7.6, 4.0 muM; elastase release: IC50 3.7, 4.4, 1.0 muM, respectively).	Superoxides	188-204	latexin	Homo sapiens	278-281
25144362-5	2014	METHODS AND RESULTS: Dihydroethidium micro-fluorography in porcine CSMCs demonstrated that basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) increased superoxide production, which was blocked by the NOX inhibitor apocynin (Apo).	Superoxides	139-149	fibroblast growth factor 2	Homo sapiens	91-121
25144362-5	2014	METHODS AND RESULTS: Dihydroethidium micro-fluorography in porcine CSMCs demonstrated that basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) increased superoxide production, which was blocked by the NOX inhibitor apocynin (Apo).	Superoxides	139-149	fibroblast growth factor 2	Homo sapiens	123-127
25062433-6	2014	Intriguingly, as a promising candidate for AD treatment, the chiral metal complex can cross the blood-brain barrier and have superoxide dismutase activity.	Superoxides	125-135	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	14-15
24928513-7	2014	In the presence of superoxide, high yields of hydroperoxides were formed by LPO and urate.	Superoxides	19-29	lactoperoxidase	Homo sapiens	76-79
25093580-8	2014	CLI-095, a TLR4 inhibitor, mitigated the increases in NAD(P)H oxidase activity, superoxide anion production, migration and proliferation that were induced by angiotensin II.	Superoxides	80-96	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	158-172
24924945-8	2014	These data indicate the efficacy of nonreducible PLL50-PEG CuZnSOD nanozyme in counteracting excessive O2(-) and decreasing blood pressure in AngII-dependent hypertensive mice after central administration.	Superoxides	103-105	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	59-66
24863258-1	2014	(6R)-5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-L-biopterin (BH4) availability regulates nitric oxide and superoxide formation by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS).	Superoxides	82-92	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	106-139
24869957-6	2014	The specific TLR7 agonist imiquimod (10 mug/ml) elevated basal superoxide production and, in a similar fashion to influenza A virus, enhanced NOX2 oxidase-dependent oxidative burst.	Superoxides	63-73	toll like receptor 7	Homo sapiens	13-17
24535002-0	2014	Selenite-mediated production of superoxide radical anions in A549 cancer cells is accompanied by a selective increase in SOD1 concentration, enhanced apoptosis and Se-Cu bonding.	Superoxides	32-57	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	121-125
24486155-5	2014	The ROS genes gss, gstm2, gstt2 and sod2 were upregulated, and the presence of superoxide following 10 muM PX exposure was determined via dihydroethidium fluorescence studies further implicating PX-induced oxidative stress in HSG cells.	Superoxides	79-89	latexin	Homo sapiens	103-106
24728465-10	2014	Vascular superoxide and nitrotyrosine levels were increased in ACE2(+/-) vessels consistent with increased vascular oxidative stress.	Superoxides	9-19	angiotensin I converting enzyme (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) 2	Mus musculus	63-67
25020117-4	2014	LLO stimulated superoxide production from HLMVEC and this was prevented by silencing PKCalpha or NOS inhibition suggesting a link between these pathways.	Superoxides	15-25	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	85-93
24946209-3	2014	We show here that IAV H1N1 infected human alveolar cells increased superoxide anion level mainly by suppressing the copper-zinc superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) gene, and that the SOD1-controlled generation of ROS was tightly correlated with virus replication.	Superoxides	67-83	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	177-181
24821111-8	2014	Moreover, incubation of P-gp positive cells with DPPE led to a significant increase in superoxide levels and a drop in cellular ATP and GSH pools that were reversible with inhibitors of P-gp ATPase.	Superoxides	87-97	glycerol-3-phosphate phosphatase	Cricetulus griseus	24-28
24821111-8	2014	Moreover, incubation of P-gp positive cells with DPPE led to a significant increase in superoxide levels and a drop in cellular ATP and GSH pools that were reversible with inhibitors of P-gp ATPase.	Superoxides	87-97	glycerol-3-phosphate phosphatase	Cricetulus griseus	186-190
25020117-6	2014	Expression of a phosphomimetic T495D eNOS (human isoform) resulted in increased superoxide and diminished nitric oxide (NO) production.	Superoxides	80-90	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	37-41
25020117-10	2014	Both hsp90 and caveolin-1 have been shown to influence eNOS uncoupling and a peptide mimicking the scaffolding domain of caveolin-1 blocked the ability of PKCalpha to stimulate eNOS-derived superoxide.	Superoxides	190-200	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	15-25
25020117-10	2014	Both hsp90 and caveolin-1 have been shown to influence eNOS uncoupling and a peptide mimicking the scaffolding domain of caveolin-1 blocked the ability of PKCalpha to stimulate eNOS-derived superoxide.	Superoxides	190-200	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	121-131
25020117-10	2014	Both hsp90 and caveolin-1 have been shown to influence eNOS uncoupling and a peptide mimicking the scaffolding domain of caveolin-1 blocked the ability of PKCalpha to stimulate eNOS-derived superoxide.	Superoxides	190-200	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	155-163
25020117-10	2014	Both hsp90 and caveolin-1 have been shown to influence eNOS uncoupling and a peptide mimicking the scaffolding domain of caveolin-1 blocked the ability of PKCalpha to stimulate eNOS-derived superoxide.	Superoxides	190-200	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	177-181
25020117-11	2014	Collectively, these results suggest that the G+ pore-forming toxins promote increased EC permeability via activation of PKCalpha, phosphorylation of eNOS-T495, loss of hsp90 and caveolin-1 binding which collectively promote eNOS uncoupling and the production of barrier disruptive superoxide.	Superoxides	281-291	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	120-128
25020117-11	2014	Collectively, these results suggest that the G+ pore-forming toxins promote increased EC permeability via activation of PKCalpha, phosphorylation of eNOS-T495, loss of hsp90 and caveolin-1 binding which collectively promote eNOS uncoupling and the production of barrier disruptive superoxide.	Superoxides	281-291	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	224-228
24829399-10	2014	Hyperstretch could increase PARP-1 expression and activity by inducing superoxide production and DNA damage.	Superoxides	71-81	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	28-34
24907870-6	2014	NO/heme-independent sGC activation provided protection over ACE inhibition against mitochondrial superoxide production and progressive fibrotic remodeling, ultimately leading to a further improvement of cardiac performance, hypertrophic growth and heart failure.	Superoxides	97-107	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	60-63
24858340-10	2014	iNOS inhibition was associated with a reduction in NO and peroxynitrite (ONOO-)- and increased superoxide generation.	Superoxides	95-105	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	0-4
24720662-0	2014	Suppression of NADPH oxidase- and mitochondrion-derived superoxide by Notoginsenoside R1 protects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through estrogen receptor-dependent activation of Akt/Nrf2 pathways.	Superoxides	56-66	reticulon 4 receptor	Rattus norvegicus	70-88
24720662-10	2014	NGR1 prevented oxidative stress by suppressing NADPH oxidase- and mitochondrion-derived superoxide and inhibiting production of malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine in vivo and in vitro.	Superoxides	88-98	reticulon 4 receptor	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
24742817-5	2014	According to our results, HDI induces O2(-) increase (P &lt; 0.001) through enzymatic inhibition of cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase 1 (P &lt; 0.05), which might reduce MMP, further leading to mitochondrial O2(-) production.	Superoxides	38-40	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	112-134
24721152-6	2014	But in the meantime, rhein enhances the activity of caspase-1 by inhibiting intracellular (in situ) IKKbeta, in turn increasing the IL-1beta and high-mobility-group box 1 release, which can be amplified by rhein s reductive effect on intracellular superoxide anion.	Superoxides	248-264	caspase 1	Homo sapiens	52-61
24742817-5	2014	According to our results, HDI induces O2(-) increase (P &lt; 0.001) through enzymatic inhibition of cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase 1 (P &lt; 0.05), which might reduce MMP, further leading to mitochondrial O2(-) production.	Superoxides	207-209	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	112-134
24742817-6	2014	Increased O2(-) levels promote ERK phosphorylation (approx sixfold compared to control; P &lt; 0.001) and downstream transcriptional increase of several genes: HMOX1 (P &lt; 0.05), involved in the protection of chemical reactive species; MDR1 (P &lt; 0.01), responsible for the efflux of xenobiotics in the cell; and CD83 (P &lt; 0.05), a DC maturation marker.	Superoxides	10-12	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	31-34
24721152-6	2014	But in the meantime, rhein enhances the activity of caspase-1 by inhibiting intracellular (in situ) IKKbeta, in turn increasing the IL-1beta and high-mobility-group box 1 release, which can be amplified by rhein s reductive effect on intracellular superoxide anion.	Superoxides	248-264	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	132-140
24742817-6	2014	Increased O2(-) levels promote ERK phosphorylation (approx sixfold compared to control; P &lt; 0.001) and downstream transcriptional increase of several genes: HMOX1 (P &lt; 0.05), involved in the protection of chemical reactive species; MDR1 (P &lt; 0.01), responsible for the efflux of xenobiotics in the cell; and CD83 (P &lt; 0.05), a DC maturation marker.	Superoxides	10-12	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	238-242
24171497-9	2014	Transfection of HL-60 neutrophil-like cells with the DGKalphaDelta10 spliced variant induced an increase in the stimulated production of superoxide anion replicating the phenotype of LAgP PMNs.	Superoxides	137-153	diacylglycerol kinase beta	Homo sapiens	53-68
24746616-1	2014	Dehydrogenases that use ubiquinone as an electron acceptor, including complex I of the respiratory chain, complex II, and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, are known to be direct generators of superoxide and/or H2O2.	Superoxides	195-205	glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	106-156
24771458-3	2014	METHODS: Chemotaxis was assayed on agarose gel and superoxide generation by cytochrome C reduction.	Superoxides	51-61	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	76-88
24171497-10	2014	CONCLUSION: DGKalphaDelta10 can act as a dominant-negative transcript that can modulate superoxide production and provides an example of genetic regulation of the inflammatory response that may be relevant to human inflammatory diseases such as LAgP.	Superoxides	88-98	diacylglycerol kinase beta	Homo sapiens	12-27
24727493-6	2014	ANG II also increased NOX-1 expression, NOX activity, and superoxide production in SHR cells; the selective NOX-1 inhibitor ML-171 and catalase reduced ANG II-induced COX-2 and ET-1 transcription.	Superoxides	58-68	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
24727493-6	2014	ANG II also increased NOX-1 expression, NOX activity, and superoxide production in SHR cells; the selective NOX-1 inhibitor ML-171 and catalase reduced ANG II-induced COX-2 and ET-1 transcription.	Superoxides	58-68	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	124-143
24727493-6	2014	ANG II also increased NOX-1 expression, NOX activity, and superoxide production in SHR cells; the selective NOX-1 inhibitor ML-171 and catalase reduced ANG II-induced COX-2 and ET-1 transcription.	Superoxides	58-68	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	152-158
24511121-8	2014	In rodent aortic rings, treatment with thrombospondin-1 increased the production of superoxide and inhibited nitric oxide-mediated vasodilation in a SIRP-alpha-dependent manner.	Superoxides	84-94	thrombospondin 1	Homo sapiens	39-55
24623277-7	2014	The superoxide production observed in the aortae of control mice with Ang II was suppressed in those of SMKO mice with Ang II, and this finding was consistent with the results of little Ang II-induced c-Src phosphorylation in SMKO mouse aortae.	Superoxides	4-14	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	70-76
24623277-7	2014	The superoxide production observed in the aortae of control mice with Ang II was suppressed in those of SMKO mice with Ang II, and this finding was consistent with the results of little Ang II-induced c-Src phosphorylation in SMKO mouse aortae.	Superoxides	4-14	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	119-125
24623277-7	2014	The superoxide production observed in the aortae of control mice with Ang II was suppressed in those of SMKO mice with Ang II, and this finding was consistent with the results of little Ang II-induced c-Src phosphorylation in SMKO mouse aortae.	Superoxides	4-14	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	119-125
24511121-9	2014	Renal IRI upregulated the thrombospondin-1-SIRP-alpha signaling axis and was associated with increased superoxide production and cell death.	Superoxides	103-113	thrombospondin 1	Homo sapiens	26-42
24511121-9	2014	Renal IRI upregulated the thrombospondin-1-SIRP-alpha signaling axis and was associated with increased superoxide production and cell death.	Superoxides	103-113	signal regulatory protein alpha	Homo sapiens	43-53
24663342-9	2014	More superoxide was detected in mEL5 roots after treatment with nitrite or cytokinin, and treatment with an inhibitor of superoxide production prevented mEL5 roots from both nitrite- and cytokinin-induced meristematic cell death.	Superoxides	5-15	epilepsy 5	Mus musculus	32-36
24663342-9	2014	More superoxide was detected in mEL5 roots after treatment with nitrite or cytokinin, and treatment with an inhibitor of superoxide production prevented mEL5 roots from both nitrite- and cytokinin-induced meristematic cell death.	Superoxides	121-131	epilepsy 5	Mus musculus	153-157
24663342-10	2014	These results indicate a nitrogen-triggered pathway that leads to changes in root formation through the production of cytokinin and superoxide, on which EL5 acts to prevent meristematic cell death.	Superoxides	132-142	epilepsy 5	Mus musculus	153-156
24388786-4	2014	We confirm that SOD1 + GFP and SOD1 + CAT reduced lipid peroxidation indicating superoxide metabolites were primarily responsible for lipid peroxidation.	Superoxides	80-90	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	16-20
24388786-4	2014	We confirm that SOD1 + GFP and SOD1 + CAT reduced lipid peroxidation indicating superoxide metabolites were primarily responsible for lipid peroxidation.	Superoxides	80-90	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	38-41
24410726-1	2014	Iron superoxide dismutase (Fe-SOD) can eliminate superoxide anion radicals and is widely used in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and foodstuff.	Superoxides	49-74	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	30-33
24709972-12	2014	Ang II in the PVN significantly enhanced CSAR and superoxide anions level, which was inhibited by PVN pretreatment with IMD or tempol (a superoxide anions scavenger) in Sham and CHF rats.	Superoxides	50-67	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
24511121-7	2014	Thrombospondin-1 also stimulated phosphorylation of p47(phox) (an organizer subunit for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 1/2) and increased production of superoxide, both of which were abrogated by knockdown or antibody blockade of SIRP-alpha.	Superoxides	181-191	thrombospondin 1	Homo sapiens	0-16
24879527-4	2014	Compounds 1, 4-12, and 14-17 exhibited inhibition (IC50 &lt;= 7.31 microg/mL) of superoxide anion generation by human neutrophils in response to formyl-l-methionyl-l-leucyl-l-phenylalanine/cytochalasin B (fMLP/CB).	Superoxides	81-97	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	205-209
25003023-1	2014	Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) is an antioxidant enzyme that converts superoxide anion radicals into hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen.	Superoxides	69-94	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	0-22
25003023-1	2014	Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) is an antioxidant enzyme that converts superoxide anion radicals into hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen.	Superoxides	69-94	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	24-28
24833903-3	2014	The level of superoxide anions generated in platelets after thrombin and platelet-activating factor stimulation and activity of GPx in patients with schizophrenia and healthy volunteers was estimated.	Superoxides	13-30	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	60-68
24833903-4	2014	The results obtained from the study indicate that the generation of superoxide anions in platelets as a response of platelets in patients with schizophrenia to such activating factors as thrombin or platelet-activating factor is higher than in the response of platelets of healthy subjects.	Superoxides	68-85	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	187-195
24595304-6	2014	Only TNFalpha treatment of 3T3-L1 cells led to an increase in oxidative stress (as measured by superoxide anion production and protein carbonylation) and C16 ceramide synthesis.	Superoxides	95-111	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	5-13
24632094-8	2014	RESULTS: Ang II treated cells showed significantly higher levels of superoxide production compared to the control group (p&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	68-78	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	9-15
24405159-9	2014	Transfection studies with wild-type and mutant human eNOS confirmed the dual role of eNOS as a producer of superoxide anion (O2-) with SIN-1 treatment, and a producer of NO in the presence of DMPO.	Superoxides	107-123	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	53-57
24405159-9	2014	Transfection studies with wild-type and mutant human eNOS confirmed the dual role of eNOS as a producer of superoxide anion (O2-) with SIN-1 treatment, and a producer of NO in the presence of DMPO.	Superoxides	107-123	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	85-89
24405159-9	2014	Transfection studies with wild-type and mutant human eNOS confirmed the dual role of eNOS as a producer of superoxide anion (O2-) with SIN-1 treatment, and a producer of NO in the presence of DMPO.	Superoxides	107-123	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	135-140
24405159-9	2014	Transfection studies with wild-type and mutant human eNOS confirmed the dual role of eNOS as a producer of superoxide anion (O2-) with SIN-1 treatment, and a producer of NO in the presence of DMPO.	Superoxides	125-128	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	53-57
24405159-9	2014	Transfection studies with wild-type and mutant human eNOS confirmed the dual role of eNOS as a producer of superoxide anion (O2-) with SIN-1 treatment, and a producer of NO in the presence of DMPO.	Superoxides	125-128	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	85-89
24405159-9	2014	Transfection studies with wild-type and mutant human eNOS confirmed the dual role of eNOS as a producer of superoxide anion (O2-) with SIN-1 treatment, and a producer of NO in the presence of DMPO.	Superoxides	125-128	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	135-140
24700749-1	2014	Endogenous manganese based superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) provides the primary defense against excess production of potentially toxic superoxide anion (O2 (-) ).	Superoxides	133-149	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	49-55
24700749-1	2014	Endogenous manganese based superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) provides the primary defense against excess production of potentially toxic superoxide anion (O2 (-) ).	Superoxides	151-153	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	49-55
23504249-6	2014	Compared with pure PCB 77, exposing endothelial cells to lower chlorinated PCB byproducts led to improved cellular viability, decreased superoxide production, and decreased nuclear factor kappa B activation based on duration of remediation.	Superoxides	136-146	pyruvate carboxylase	Homo sapiens	75-78
24601882-5	2014	Activation of AKT1 signaling in mitochondria increased glucose uptake, enhanced respiration efficiency, reduced superoxide generation, and increased ATP production in the cardiomyocytes.	Superoxides	112-122	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	14-18
24561577-0	2014	Rapid reaction of superoxide with insulin-tyrosyl radicals to generate a hydroperoxide with subsequent glutathione addition.	Superoxides	18-28	insulin	Homo sapiens	34-41
24561577-2	2014	We used insulin as a model to study the kinetics, mechanisms, and products of the reactions of radiation-induced or enzyme-generated protein-tyrosyl radicals with superoxide to demonstrate the feasibility of these reactions under oxidative stress conditions.	Superoxides	163-173	insulin	Homo sapiens	8-15
24561577-4	2014	However, in the presence of superoxide, dimerization was largely outcompeted by the reaction of superoxide with insulin-tyrosyl radicals.	Superoxides	28-38	insulin	Homo sapiens	112-119
24561577-4	2014	However, in the presence of superoxide, dimerization was largely outcompeted by the reaction of superoxide with insulin-tyrosyl radicals.	Superoxides	96-106	insulin	Homo sapiens	112-119
24561577-6	2014	Mass-spectrometry-based product analyses revealed the addition of superoxide to the insulin-Tyr14 radical to form the hydroperoxide.	Superoxides	66-76	insulin	Homo sapiens	84-91
24561578-4	2014	Further, oxLDL induced Nox2/superoxide-dependent TRAF3IP2 expression, IKK/p65 and JNK/c-Jun activation, and LOX-1 upregulation, suggesting a reinforcing mechanism.	Superoxides	28-38	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	82-85
24561578-7	2014	The activators of the AMPK/Akt pathway, adiponectin, AICAR, and metformin, attenuated superoxide generation, TRAF3IP2 expression, and oxLDL/TRAF3IP2-mediated EC death.	Superoxides	86-96	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	27-30
24561578-7	2014	The activators of the AMPK/Akt pathway, adiponectin, AICAR, and metformin, attenuated superoxide generation, TRAF3IP2 expression, and oxLDL/TRAF3IP2-mediated EC death.	Superoxides	86-96	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Homo sapiens	40-51
24534273-7	2014	CoQ10 treatment (2.5 muM) for 5 days significantly (p&lt;0.0005) decreased the level of mitochondrial superoxide in the CoQ10 deficient neurons.	Superoxides	102-112	latexin	Homo sapiens	21-24
24325797-2	2014	In the present study, we found that mouse embryonic cortical neural progenitor cells exhibit intermittent spontaneous mitochondrial superoxide (SO) flashes that require transient opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores (mPTPs).	Superoxides	132-142	6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase	Mus musculus	235-240
24325797-7	2014	If Abeta inhibits NPC proliferation in the brains of AD patients by a similar mechanism, then interventions that inhibit mPTP-mediated superoxide flashes would be expected to protect NPCs against the adverse effects of Abeta.	Superoxides	135-145	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	3-8
24325797-7	2014	If Abeta inhibits NPC proliferation in the brains of AD patients by a similar mechanism, then interventions that inhibit mPTP-mediated superoxide flashes would be expected to protect NPCs against the adverse effects of Abeta.	Superoxides	135-145	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	219-224
24373863-8	2014	Blockade of TNF-alpha improved respiratory muscle function and structure, and animal weight, and, in the diaphragm, reduced inflammatory cell numbers and superoxide anion production drastically while inducing larger increases in protein and messenger RNA levels and immunohistochemical expression of TNF-alpha, internal nuclei, and markers of muscle regeneration.	Superoxides	154-170	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	12-21
24373863-9	2014	Blunting of TNF-alpha also induced a reduction in blood inflammatory cytokines and superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	83-99	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	12-21
24591154-10	2014	Superoxide levels were increased in the presence of AZT/ddI and significantly decreased in cells exposed to AZT/3TC/Tempol at P3, P7, and P10.	Superoxides	0-10	S100 calcium binding protein A10	Homo sapiens	138-141
24709972-12	2014	Ang II in the PVN significantly enhanced CSAR and superoxide anions level, which was inhibited by PVN pretreatment with IMD or tempol (a superoxide anions scavenger) in Sham and CHF rats.	Superoxides	137-154	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
24709972-13	2014	CONCLUSION: IMD in the PVN inhibits CSAR via AM receptor, and attenuates the effects of Ang II on CSAR and superoxide anions level in CHF rats.	Superoxides	107-124	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	88-94
24709972-14	2014	PVN superoxide anions involve in the effect of IMD on attenuating Ang II-induced CSAR response.	Superoxides	4-21	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	66-72
24493668-5	2014	We trace the primary intracellular target of calcium to be protein kinase C isoforms alpha and beta (PKCalpha and PKCbeta), which in turn phosphorylate subunits of the oxidase leading to superoxide production.	Superoxides	187-197	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	101-109
23886445-7	2014	We discuss a new role of Sirt3 in the direction of the primary superoxide scavenger protein, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), and how the acetylation or deacetylation of several specific lysines appears to direct MnSOD enzymatic dismutase activity.	Superoxides	63-73	sirtuin 3	Homo sapiens	25-30
24692674-6	2014	Due to the co-localization of NOX1, catalase and SOD on the outer membrane of tumor cells, specific inhibition of membrane-associated SOD causes superoxide anion-dependent inhibition of catalase.	Superoxides	145-161	catalase	Homo sapiens	36-44
24692674-6	2014	Due to the co-localization of NOX1, catalase and SOD on the outer membrane of tumor cells, specific inhibition of membrane-associated SOD causes superoxide anion-dependent inhibition of catalase.	Superoxides	145-161	catalase	Homo sapiens	186-194
24480319-4	2014	In this paper, we discuss the mechanisms underlying resistance to mTOR inhibitors, which include the downstream effectors of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mTOR pathway, the activation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), the PIM kinase family, PTEN expression, elevated superoxide levels, stimulation of autophagy, immune cell response and ERK/MAPK, Notch and Aurora signaling pathways.	Superoxides	279-289	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	66-70
24512907-1	2014	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is responsible for the dismutation of the superoxide radical produced in the extracellular space and known to be expressed by inflammatory cells, including macrophages and neutrophils.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-42
24326392-4	2014	Copper/zinc-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is a specific antioxidant enzyme that counteracts superoxide anions.	Superoxides	90-107	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	34-38
24724445-3	2014	RESULTS: SOD, which catalyzes the reduction of superoxide anions to hydrogen peroxide and has anti-oxidative effects, was significantly lower in E group at the end of surgery whereas the levels of myeloperoxydase were not different between the groups.	Superoxides	47-64	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	9-12
24509158-3	2014	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EcSOD) inhibits pancreatic cancer cell growth by scavenging nonmitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-41
24509158-4	2014	We hypothesized that EcSOD overexpression leads to changes in the O2(-)/H2O2 balance modulating the redox status affecting signal transduction pathways.	Superoxides	66-71	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	21-26
24692073-1	2014	OBJECTIVES: Metallothionein (MT) and two forms of superoxide dismutase (SOD), which are dependent on zinc and copper ions, are involved in defense against the same superoxide anion radicals and are present in extra- and intracellular compartments.	Superoxides	164-189	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	50-70
24692073-1	2014	OBJECTIVES: Metallothionein (MT) and two forms of superoxide dismutase (SOD), which are dependent on zinc and copper ions, are involved in defense against the same superoxide anion radicals and are present in extra- and intracellular compartments.	Superoxides	164-189	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	72-75
24496038-8	2014	NTS transactivation of the EGFR was inhibited by GM6001 (matrix metalloprotease inhibitor), Tiron (superoxide scavenger) or U73122 (phospholipase C inhibitor) but not H89 (PKA inhibitor).	Superoxides	99-109	neurotensin	Homo sapiens	0-3
24496038-8	2014	NTS transactivation of the EGFR was inhibited by GM6001 (matrix metalloprotease inhibitor), Tiron (superoxide scavenger) or U73122 (phospholipase C inhibitor) but not H89 (PKA inhibitor).	Superoxides	99-109	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	27-31
24515115-3	2014	However, the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (OGDH), branched-chain 2-oxoacid dehydrogenase (BCKDH), and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complexes are also capable of considerable superoxide/H2O2 production.	Superoxides	174-184	pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase catalytic subunit 1	Homo sapiens	102-124
24515115-3	2014	However, the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (OGDH), branched-chain 2-oxoacid dehydrogenase (BCKDH), and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complexes are also capable of considerable superoxide/H2O2 production.	Superoxides	174-184	pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase catalytic subunit 1	Homo sapiens	126-129
24515115-6	2014	At optimal conditions for each system, superoxide/H2O2 was produced by the OGDH complex at about twice the rate from the PDH complex, four times the rate from the BCKDH complex, and eight times the rate from site IF of complex I.	Superoxides	39-49	pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase catalytic subunit 1	Homo sapiens	121-124
24515115-7	2014	Depending on the substrates present, the dominant sites of superoxide/H2O2 production at the level of NADH may be the OGDH and PDH complexes, but these activities may often be misattributed to complex I.	Superoxides	59-69	pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase catalytic subunit 1	Homo sapiens	127-130
24647101-1	2014	Superoxide dismutase 1 (Sod1) has been known for nearly half a century for catalysis of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	88-98	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-22
24647101-1	2014	Superoxide dismutase 1 (Sod1) has been known for nearly half a century for catalysis of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	88-98	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	24-28
24617993-0	2014	Muscadine grape skin extract reverts snail-mediated epithelial mesenchymal transition via superoxide species in human prostate cancer cells.	Superoxides	90-100	snail family transcriptional repressor 1	Homo sapiens	37-42
24617993-8	2014	RESULTS: Snail overexpression in ARCaP and LNCaP cells was associated with increased concentration of mitochondrial superoxide, in vitro.	Superoxides	116-126	snail family transcriptional repressor 1	Homo sapiens	9-14
24617993-12	2014	CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that superoxide species may play a role in Snail transcription factor-mediated EMT.	Superoxides	35-45	snail family transcriptional repressor 1	Homo sapiens	73-78
24260774-8	2014	The experimental results confirmed the association rule identified for the p53 pathway and mitochondrial superoxide levels (via MitoSox reagent) and further revealed that blocking of the transcriptional activity of p53 lowered the MitoSox signal.	Superoxides	105-115	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	75-78
24260774-8	2014	The experimental results confirmed the association rule identified for the p53 pathway and mitochondrial superoxide levels (via MitoSox reagent) and further revealed that blocking of the transcriptional activity of p53 lowered the MitoSox signal.	Superoxides	105-115	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	215-218
24304655-1	2014	BACKGROUND: Ablation of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) has been involved in the enhancement of salt sensitivity associated with increased superoxide level and decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability.	Superoxides	135-145	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	24-44
24304655-1	2014	BACKGROUND: Ablation of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) has been involved in the enhancement of salt sensitivity associated with increased superoxide level and decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability.	Superoxides	135-145	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	46-50
24304655-13	2014	This beneficial effect of UCP2 is mediated by decreased superoxide and reserved NO bioavailability.	Superoxides	56-66	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	26-30
24134589-4	2014	In human lung microvascular endothelial cells, DDAH II overexpression prevented the LPS-dependent increase in ADMA, superoxide, peroxynitrite, and protein nitration.	Superoxides	116-126	dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	47-51
24384524-6	2014	In HSA-Cl/Br-treated neutrophils, monoclonal antibodies against CD18, the beta subunit of beta2 integrins, reduced the production of superoxide anion radicals and hydrogen peroxide as well as MPO exocytosis, suggesting that CD18 contributed to neutrophil activation.	Superoxides	133-158	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	64-68
24324051-8	2014	Serum CT-1 and IL-6 levels, which associated with the left ventricular mass index, correlated with superoxide production.	Superoxides	99-109	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	15-19
24324051-10	2014	CT-1 stimulated NADPH oxidase superoxide production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, which resulted in an increased release of IL-6.	Superoxides	30-40	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	133-137
24366086-12	2014	These results suggest that caffeine may enhance insulin receptor substrate 1-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Akt-neuronal nitric oxide synthase signaling to decrease blood pressure by abolishing superoxide production in the NTS.	Superoxides	193-203	insulin receptor substrate 1	Rattus norvegicus	48-76
24140862-5	2014	In vitro, confocal microscopy and size-exclusion chromatography demonstrated that dismutation of O2(-) by 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl (Tempol) and decomposition of H2O2 by catalase prevented Hcys-induced aggregation of NLRP3 inflammasome proteins and inhibited Hcys-induced caspase-1 activation and IL-1beta production in mouse podocytes.	Superoxides	97-99	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	318-326
24378345-5	2014	Influx of O2( -) activated HSCs, evidenced by the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin and the secretion of transforming growth factor beta1 and collagen.	Superoxides	10-12	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 1	Homo sapiens	138-143
24505490-6	2014	We found that a relatively specific PKCalpha inhibitor, Ro-32-0432, dose-dependently inhibited PMA-induced superoxide production from Nox5.	Superoxides	107-117	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	36-44
24505490-11	2014	Exposure of endothelial cells to high glucose significantly increased PKCalpha activation, and enhanced Nox5 derived superoxide in a manner that was in prevented by a PKCalpha inhibitor, Go 6976.	Superoxides	117-127	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	167-175
24285500-2	2014	MD-derived superoxide (O2-), primarily generated by Nox2, is enhanced by acute ANG II stimulation.	Superoxides	11-21	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	79-85
24285500-2	2014	MD-derived superoxide (O2-), primarily generated by Nox2, is enhanced by acute ANG II stimulation.	Superoxides	23-25	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	79-85
24285500-5	2014	We measured O2- generation in isolated and perfused MDs and found that O2- generation by the MD was increased from 9.4 +- 0.9 U/min in control mice to 34.7 +- 1.8 U/min in ANG II-induced hypertensive mice (P &lt; 0.01).	Superoxides	71-73	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	172-178
24184207-11	2014	Further studies are needed to define whether SOD-1-dependent superoxide/peroxide balance is relevant for regulation of T cell activation, as well as in the functional cross talk between immune effectors.	Superoxides	61-71	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	45-50
24102471-5	2014	Excessive amounts of NO produced by iNOS up-regulation can react with superoxide anions forming peroxynitrite, thereby promoting nitrosative stress and endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	70-87	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	36-40
24140706-6	2014	Antioxidant EUK-8, a synthetic catalytic superoxide and hydrogen peroxide scavenger, significantly decreases ATG-mediated p38 activation and apoptosis.	Superoxides	41-51	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	122-125
24368122-4	2014	These stimuli can also induce IFN-gamma-pretreated neutrophils to release reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and hypochlorous acid, as well as granule lysosomal enzymes and the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-6.	Superoxides	113-129	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	30-39
24334251-6	2014	Superoxide production was 23.6% higher in HUVECs incubated with TNF-alpha in 2% medium compared to 2% medium alone, but unchanged with TNF-alpha in 20% medium.	Superoxides	0-10	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	64-73
24473199-9	2014	In a parallel study, although specific iNOS inhibition reduced plasma malondialdehyde and myocardial superoxide anion generation, it did not affect the deleterious effects of I/R on myocardial structure and function.	Superoxides	101-117	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	39-43
24375019-2	2014	SIN-1(3-morpholino-sydnonimine), which can lead the simultaneous generation of superoxide anion and nitric oxide, and then form the highly reactive species ONOO(-), induced dose-dependent inhibition in amplitudes of both mEPSCs and sEPSCs.	Superoxides	79-95	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
24281189-9	2014	Furthermore, interferon-gamma neutralization eliminates AngII-increased superoxide products and endothelial apoptosis by inhibiting AngII-induced Kynurenines generation, suggesting that AngII-activated Kyn pathway is interferon-gamma-dependent.	Superoxides	72-82	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	13-29
24281189-9	2014	Furthermore, interferon-gamma neutralization eliminates AngII-increased superoxide products and endothelial apoptosis by inhibiting AngII-induced Kynurenines generation, suggesting that AngII-activated Kyn pathway is interferon-gamma-dependent.	Superoxides	72-82	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	56-61
24281189-10	2014	Mechanistically, we found that AngII-enhanced 3-hydroxykynurenine promoted the generation of NAD(P)H oxidase-mediated superoxide anions by increasing the translocation and membrane assembly of NAD(P)H oxidase subunits in endothelial cells, resulting in accelerated apoptosis and consequent endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	118-135	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	31-36
23875749-4	2014	After phagocytosis of bovine serum albumin (BSA) coated beads, both human and mice neutrophils showed significant elevation in superoxide radicals, nitric oxide (NO), ROS/RNS and consequent BSA nitration.	Superoxides	127-137	albumin	Homo sapiens	29-42
23875749-9	2014	INNOVATION: Present study highlights previously undefined role of Rac2-iNOS interaction, in translocation of iNOS to phagosomal compartment and consequent NO, superoxide radicals, ROS/RNS generation, BSA nitration and microbial killing.	Superoxides	159-169	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	66-70
23875749-9	2014	INNOVATION: Present study highlights previously undefined role of Rac2-iNOS interaction, in translocation of iNOS to phagosomal compartment and consequent NO, superoxide radicals, ROS/RNS generation, BSA nitration and microbial killing.	Superoxides	159-169	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	71-75
23318435-11	2014	This study suggests that epigenetic silencing of EcSOD may contribute to mammary tumorigenesis and that restoring the extracellular superoxide scavenging activity could be an effective strategy for breast cancer treatment.	Superoxides	132-142	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	49-54
24213612-6	2014	The data show that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), but not superoxide anion (O2( -)), was increased in the early phases (within 6 h) of PAB in RV and that this increase was diminished by catalase and diphenyleneiodonium chloride but not by SOD, N(omega)-nitro-l-arginin methyl ester, febuxostat, or indomethacin.	Superoxides	40-42	catalase	Mus musculus	181-189
24296301-6	2014	Likewise, superoxide anion production increased approximately 5 fold at 10 and 15muM and 9 fold at 20muM BDE-47 with a 1-h exposure, as measured by cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	10-26	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	148-160
23795780-5	2014	INNOVATION: Islets from the GPX1 and(or) SOD1 knockout mice provided metabolically controlled intracellular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide conditions for the present study to avoid confounding effects.	Superoxides	137-147	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	41-45
24053613-0	2014	Nox2-induced production of mitochondrial superoxide in angiotensin II-mediated endothelial oxidative stress and hypertension.	Superoxides	41-51	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	55-69
24053613-1	2014	AIMS: Angiotensin II (AngII)-induced superoxide (O2( -)) production by the NADPH oxidases and mitochondria has been implicated in the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction and hypertension.	Superoxides	37-47	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	6-20
24053613-1	2014	AIMS: Angiotensin II (AngII)-induced superoxide (O2( -)) production by the NADPH oxidases and mitochondria has been implicated in the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction and hypertension.	Superoxides	37-47	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	22-27
24053613-1	2014	AIMS: Angiotensin II (AngII)-induced superoxide (O2( -)) production by the NADPH oxidases and mitochondria has been implicated in the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction and hypertension.	Superoxides	49-55	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	6-20
24053613-1	2014	AIMS: Angiotensin II (AngII)-induced superoxide (O2( -)) production by the NADPH oxidases and mitochondria has been implicated in the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction and hypertension.	Superoxides	49-55	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	22-27
24053613-5	2014	Nox2 depletion in gp91phox knockout mice inhibited AngII-induced cellular and mitochondrial O2( -) and attenuated hypertension.	Superoxides	92-94	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	51-56
24053613-6	2014	Inhibition of mitochondrial reverse electron transfer with malonate, malate, or rotenone attenuated AngII-induced cytoplasmic and mitochondrial O2( -) production.	Superoxides	144-147	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	100-105
24053613-7	2014	Inhibition of the mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel (mitoK(+)ATP) with 5-hydroxydecanoic acid or specific PKCe peptide antagonist (EAVSLKPT) reduced AngII-induced H2O2 in isolated mitochondria and diminished cytoplasmic O2( -).	Superoxides	177-179	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	161-166
24053613-10	2014	Mitochondria-targeted H2O2 scavenger mitoEbselen attenuated redox-dependent c-Src and inhibited AngII-induced cellular O2( -), diminished aortic H2O2, and reduced blood pressure in hypertensive mice.	Superoxides	24-26	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	96-101
24407242-4	2014	P-JNK plus adenosine 5"-triphosphate (ATP) added to isolated liver mitochondria promoted superoxide production, which was amplified by addition of calcium and inhibited by a blocking peptide corresponding to the JNK binding site on Sab (KIM1).	Superoxides	89-99	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	2-5
24407242-4	2014	P-JNK plus adenosine 5"-triphosphate (ATP) added to isolated liver mitochondria promoted superoxide production, which was amplified by addition of calcium and inhibited by a blocking peptide corresponding to the JNK binding site on Sab (KIM1).	Superoxides	89-99	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	212-215
24407242-4	2014	P-JNK plus adenosine 5"-triphosphate (ATP) added to isolated liver mitochondria promoted superoxide production, which was amplified by addition of calcium and inhibited by a blocking peptide corresponding to the JNK binding site on Sab (KIM1).	Superoxides	89-99	SH3 domain binding protein 5	Homo sapiens	232-235
25984330-7	2014	The further studies indicate that the interaction between AT1-R and NF-kappaB in the PVN contributes to oxidative stress and sympathoexcitation by modulating neurotransmitters in heart failure, and the superoxide activates NF-kappaB in the PVN and contributes to neurohumoral excitation.	Superoxides	202-212	angiotensin II receptor, type 1b	Rattus norvegicus	58-63
24141169-8	2014	Denudation of endothelium and blockade of LOX-1 but not CD32 prevented CRP-induced elevation of superoxide in the vessel wall.	Superoxides	96-106	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	71-74
25038992-5	2014	Recent studies demonstrated that the intracellular PON proteins; PON2 and PON3 (i) are associated with mitochondria and mitochondria-associated membranes, (ii) modulate mitochondria-dependent superoxide production, and (iii) prevent apoptosis.	Superoxides	192-202	paraoxonase 1	Homo sapiens	51-54
24196666-0	2014	Superoxide release from contracting skeletal muscle in pulmonary TNF-alpha overexpression mice.	Superoxides	0-10	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	65-74
24196666-8	2014	Our results demonstrate that pulmonary TNF-alpha overexpression leads to a greater O2( -) release from contracting soleus muscle in Tg(+) compared with WT and that the excessive formation of O2( -) in the contracting muscle of Tg(+) mice leads to earlier fatigue.	Superoxides	83-85	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	39-48
24196666-8	2014	Our results demonstrate that pulmonary TNF-alpha overexpression leads to a greater O2( -) release from contracting soleus muscle in Tg(+) compared with WT and that the excessive formation of O2( -) in the contracting muscle of Tg(+) mice leads to earlier fatigue.	Superoxides	191-193	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	39-48
24117164-4	2014	Work by McCord serves as the foundation upon which our understanding of how superoxide functions in a variety of physiological systems is built and demonstrates how superoxide is essential to aerobic life, yet, if left unchecked by SOD, toxic to a multitude of systems.	Superoxides	76-86	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	232-235
24002659-8	2014	We interestingly found that superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide induced a diverse apoptosis level by differently inhibiting GI via NF-kappaB pathway.	Superoxides	28-44	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	134-143
24117164-4	2014	Work by McCord serves as the foundation upon which our understanding of how superoxide functions in a variety of physiological systems is built and demonstrates how superoxide is essential to aerobic life, yet, if left unchecked by SOD, toxic to a multitude of systems.	Superoxides	165-175	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	232-235
24358134-3	2013	Here, we showed that Ras/Rac1/ERK signaling pathway is activated in melanocytes submitted to anchorage impediment, regulating superoxide levels, global DNA methylation, and Dnmt1 expression.	Superoxides	126-136	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	30-33
24052408-0	2014	Superoxide activates mTOR-eIF4E-Bax route to induce enhanced apoptosis in leukemic cells.	Superoxides	0-10	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	21-25
24052408-0	2014	Superoxide activates mTOR-eIF4E-Bax route to induce enhanced apoptosis in leukemic cells.	Superoxides	0-10	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	32-35
24274545-6	2014	Inhibition of either mitogen-activated protein kinase or superoxide generation abolishes LPS-induced NF-kappaB O-GlcNAcylation.	Superoxides	57-67	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	101-110
24274568-7	2014	The IC50 values of PMP-2 were 0.47, 0.6 and 0.93 mg/mL for superoxide anion scavenging, hydroxyl radical scavenging, and hydroxyl peroxide scavenging, respectively.	Superoxides	59-75	peripheral myelin protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	19-24
24401606-5	2014	Moreover, specific inhibition of HO-1 by tin mesoporphyrin revealed a suppression of superoxide production in iron and/or CVB3-treated macrophages.	Superoxides	85-95	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	33-37
24186494-10	2014	Superoxide levels were significantly increased by diabetes in Nrf2 knockout mice as compared with wild-type mice.	Superoxides	0-10	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	62-66
23915064-6	2014	Despite the initial indications that the mitochondrial electron transport chain was the predominant source of superoxide during activity, with the development of analytical methods a number of alternative potential sites have been identified including the NAD(P)H oxidases, xanthine oxidase, cyclooxygenases, and lipoxygenases linked to the activity of the phospholipase A2 enzymes.	Superoxides	110-120	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	357-373
24504963-1	2014	The superoxide (O2 ( -))-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes comprises a membrane-imbedded heterodimeric flavocytochrome, known as cytochrome b 558 (consisting of Nox2 and p22 (phox) ) and four cytosolic regulatory proteins, p47 (phox) , p67 (phox) , p40 (phox) , and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	4-14	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	249-252
24504963-1	2014	The superoxide (O2 ( -))-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes comprises a membrane-imbedded heterodimeric flavocytochrome, known as cytochrome b 558 (consisting of Nox2 and p22 (phox) ) and four cytosolic regulatory proteins, p47 (phox) , p67 (phox) , p40 (phox) , and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	4-14	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	296-299
24564604-7	2014	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was then added to the inflowing perfusion media to convert any superoxide crossing the microdialysis membrane to H(2)O(2) within the microdialysis probe.	Superoxides	90-100	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
24564604-7	2014	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was then added to the inflowing perfusion media to convert any superoxide crossing the microdialysis membrane to H(2)O(2) within the microdialysis probe.	Superoxides	90-100	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
24389620-2	2014	The enzyme, superoxide dismutase (SOD) catalyses the dismutation of superoxide anion to hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	68-84	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	34-37
24401210-10	2014	Furthermore, T0901317 decreased the TNF-alpha-induced superoxide and nitrotyrosine production, but did not upregulate the TNF-alpha-downregulated eNOS dimer/monomer ratio.	Superoxides	54-64	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	36-45
24705256-9	2014	In OLETF rats at the early hyperglycemic stage, aortic superoxide production is increased owing to activation of uncoupled eNOS through phosphorylation by PI3-kinase/Akt.	Superoxides	55-65	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	166-169
25200066-9	2014	Podocytes with Nrf2 siRNAs showed higher intracellular superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide production, apoptosis and BSA permeability as well as lower synaptopodin expression compared with podocytes exposed to HG (p&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	55-71	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	15-19
24859499-6	2014	Mitochondrial superoxide and hydrogen peroxide formation in the myocardium increased in the H/M-Sod2(+/-)+BSO group in comparison with the WT+BSO group (P&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	96-100
24059224-0	2014	Effect of resveratrol and tiron on the inactivation of glyceraldehyde-3- phosphate dehydrogenase induced by superoxide anion radical.	Superoxides	108-132	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	55-96
24059224-5	2014	Here, we present data that clearly indicate the prooxidative properties of resveratrol and tiron in the inactivation of GAPDH induced by the superoxide anion generated via xanthine oxidase mediated oxidation of xanthine.	Superoxides	141-157	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	120-125
24059224-6	2014	Generated in the studied system tiron and resveratrol radicals are much more efficient in the inactivation of GAPDH than the superoxide anion alone.	Superoxides	125-141	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	110-115
24959009-3	2014	Production of RMs mainly superoxides ( O2 (-)) has been found in a variety of predominating cellular enzyme systems including nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, xanthine oxidase, cyclooxygenase, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and myeloperoxidase.	Superoxides	25-36	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	213-246
24959009-3	2014	Production of RMs mainly superoxides ( O2 (-)) has been found in a variety of predominating cellular enzyme systems including nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, xanthine oxidase, cyclooxygenase, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and myeloperoxidase.	Superoxides	39-41	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	213-246
24292713-5	2014	ATN-224-dependent SOD1 inhibition increased superoxide, which diminished enzyme activity of the antioxidant glutathione peroxidase, leading to an increase in intracellular hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) levels.	Superoxides	44-54	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	18-22
25460725-3	2014	Production of RMs mainly superoxide (O2(-)) has been found in a variety of predominating cellular enzyme systems including NAD(P)H oxidase, xanthine oxidase (XO), cyclooxygenase (COX), uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and myeloperoxidase (MPO).	Superoxides	25-35	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	195-228
25460725-3	2014	Production of RMs mainly superoxide (O2(-)) has been found in a variety of predominating cellular enzyme systems including NAD(P)H oxidase, xanthine oxidase (XO), cyclooxygenase (COX), uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and myeloperoxidase (MPO).	Superoxides	25-35	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	240-255
25460725-3	2014	Production of RMs mainly superoxide (O2(-)) has been found in a variety of predominating cellular enzyme systems including NAD(P)H oxidase, xanthine oxidase (XO), cyclooxygenase (COX), uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and myeloperoxidase (MPO).	Superoxides	25-35	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	257-260
25460725-3	2014	Production of RMs mainly superoxide (O2(-)) has been found in a variety of predominating cellular enzyme systems including NAD(P)H oxidase, xanthine oxidase (XO), cyclooxygenase (COX), uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and myeloperoxidase (MPO).	Superoxides	37-39	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	195-228
25460725-3	2014	Production of RMs mainly superoxide (O2(-)) has been found in a variety of predominating cellular enzyme systems including NAD(P)H oxidase, xanthine oxidase (XO), cyclooxygenase (COX), uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and myeloperoxidase (MPO).	Superoxides	37-39	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	240-255
25460725-3	2014	Production of RMs mainly superoxide (O2(-)) has been found in a variety of predominating cellular enzyme systems including NAD(P)H oxidase, xanthine oxidase (XO), cyclooxygenase (COX), uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and myeloperoxidase (MPO).	Superoxides	37-39	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	257-260
24598074-1	2014	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes consists of the membrane-associated cytochrome b 558 (a heterodimer of Nox2 and p22(phox)) and 4 cytosolic components: p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase, Rac, in complex with RhoGDI.	Superoxides	4-14	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	184-187
24598074-1	2014	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes consists of the membrane-associated cytochrome b 558 (a heterodimer of Nox2 and p22(phox)) and 4 cytosolic components: p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase, Rac, in complex with RhoGDI.	Superoxides	4-14	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	228-231
24187133-2	2013	A peptide that mimics a putative activation domain of the Nox1 activator subunit NOXA1 (NOXA1 docking sequence, also known as NoxA1ds) potently inhibited Nox1-derived superoxide anion (O2 -) production in a reconstituted Nox1 cell-free system, with no effect on Nox2-, Nox4-, Nox5-, or xanthine oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species production as measured by cytochrome c reduction, Amplex Red fluorescence, and electron paramagnetic resonance.	Superoxides	167-183	NADPH oxidase activator 1	Homo sapiens	81-86
24187133-2	2013	A peptide that mimics a putative activation domain of the Nox1 activator subunit NOXA1 (NOXA1 docking sequence, also known as NoxA1ds) potently inhibited Nox1-derived superoxide anion (O2 -) production in a reconstituted Nox1 cell-free system, with no effect on Nox2-, Nox4-, Nox5-, or xanthine oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species production as measured by cytochrome c reduction, Amplex Red fluorescence, and electron paramagnetic resonance.	Superoxides	167-183	NADPH oxidase activator 1	Homo sapiens	88-93
24187133-2	2013	A peptide that mimics a putative activation domain of the Nox1 activator subunit NOXA1 (NOXA1 docking sequence, also known as NoxA1ds) potently inhibited Nox1-derived superoxide anion (O2 -) production in a reconstituted Nox1 cell-free system, with no effect on Nox2-, Nox4-, Nox5-, or xanthine oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species production as measured by cytochrome c reduction, Amplex Red fluorescence, and electron paramagnetic resonance.	Superoxides	167-183	NADPH oxidase activator 1	Homo sapiens	126-131
24187133-2	2013	A peptide that mimics a putative activation domain of the Nox1 activator subunit NOXA1 (NOXA1 docking sequence, also known as NoxA1ds) potently inhibited Nox1-derived superoxide anion (O2 -) production in a reconstituted Nox1 cell-free system, with no effect on Nox2-, Nox4-, Nox5-, or xanthine oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species production as measured by cytochrome c reduction, Amplex Red fluorescence, and electron paramagnetic resonance.	Superoxides	167-183	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	361-373
24187133-2	2013	A peptide that mimics a putative activation domain of the Nox1 activator subunit NOXA1 (NOXA1 docking sequence, also known as NoxA1ds) potently inhibited Nox1-derived superoxide anion (O2 -) production in a reconstituted Nox1 cell-free system, with no effect on Nox2-, Nox4-, Nox5-, or xanthine oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species production as measured by cytochrome c reduction, Amplex Red fluorescence, and electron paramagnetic resonance.	Superoxides	185-187	NADPH oxidase activator 1	Homo sapiens	81-86
24187133-2	2013	A peptide that mimics a putative activation domain of the Nox1 activator subunit NOXA1 (NOXA1 docking sequence, also known as NoxA1ds) potently inhibited Nox1-derived superoxide anion (O2 -) production in a reconstituted Nox1 cell-free system, with no effect on Nox2-, Nox4-, Nox5-, or xanthine oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species production as measured by cytochrome c reduction, Amplex Red fluorescence, and electron paramagnetic resonance.	Superoxides	185-187	NADPH oxidase activator 1	Homo sapiens	88-93
24187133-2	2013	A peptide that mimics a putative activation domain of the Nox1 activator subunit NOXA1 (NOXA1 docking sequence, also known as NoxA1ds) potently inhibited Nox1-derived superoxide anion (O2 -) production in a reconstituted Nox1 cell-free system, with no effect on Nox2-, Nox4-, Nox5-, or xanthine oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species production as measured by cytochrome c reduction, Amplex Red fluorescence, and electron paramagnetic resonance.	Superoxides	185-187	NADPH oxidase activator 1	Homo sapiens	126-131
24187133-2	2013	A peptide that mimics a putative activation domain of the Nox1 activator subunit NOXA1 (NOXA1 docking sequence, also known as NoxA1ds) potently inhibited Nox1-derived superoxide anion (O2 -) production in a reconstituted Nox1 cell-free system, with no effect on Nox2-, Nox4-, Nox5-, or xanthine oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species production as measured by cytochrome c reduction, Amplex Red fluorescence, and electron paramagnetic resonance.	Superoxides	185-187	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	361-373
24113456-4	2013	Although diabetes-associated podocyte depletion was unaffected by EP1 deletion, EP1 antagonism with ONO-8711 in cultured podocytes decreased angiotensin II-mediated superoxide generation, suggesting that EP1-associated injury of remaining podocytes in vivo could contribute to filtration barrier dysfunction.	Superoxides	165-175	prostaglandin E receptor 1 (subtype EP1)	Mus musculus	80-83
24113456-4	2013	Although diabetes-associated podocyte depletion was unaffected by EP1 deletion, EP1 antagonism with ONO-8711 in cultured podocytes decreased angiotensin II-mediated superoxide generation, suggesting that EP1-associated injury of remaining podocytes in vivo could contribute to filtration barrier dysfunction.	Superoxides	165-175	prostaglandin E receptor 1 (subtype EP1)	Mus musculus	80-83
22703342-6	2013	RESULTS: The superoxide inducer menadione triggered a significant de-repression of COX5b and CYC7.	Superoxides	13-23	cytochrome c oxidase subunit Vb	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	83-88
22703342-8	2013	COX5b/CYC7 was also de-repressed in wild-type cells treated with antimycin A, a mitochondrial bc1 complex inhibitor that increases superoxide production.	Superoxides	131-141	cytochrome c oxidase subunit Vb	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-5
24072697-7	2013	Proteomic analyses revealed that superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) expression was reduced in TAK1-deficient endothelial cells, resulting in attenuated hydrogen peroxide production but increased mitochondrial superoxide production.	Superoxides	33-43	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	57-61
24072697-11	2013	CONCLUSIONS: These results establish TAK1 as an AMPKalpha1 kinase that regulates vascular endothelial growth factor-induced and cytokine-induced angiogenesis by modulating SOD2 expression and the superoxide anion:hydrogen peroxide balance.	Superoxides	196-212	protein kinase, AMP-activated, alpha 1 catalytic subunit	Mus musculus	48-58
24157690-5	2013	An earlier publication reported that endogenous superoxide (O2(-)) in human breast cancer cells constitutively inhibits catalase bioactivity (at the level of its protein), resulting in increased H2O2 levels.	Superoxides	48-58	catalase	Homo sapiens	120-128
24157690-5	2013	An earlier publication reported that endogenous superoxide (O2(-)) in human breast cancer cells constitutively inhibits catalase bioactivity (at the level of its protein), resulting in increased H2O2 levels.	Superoxides	60-62	catalase	Homo sapiens	120-128
24157690-6	2013	Interestingly in this study, O2(-) was also found to be down- regulated following NO treatment providing a basis for the observed increase in catalase bioactivity.	Superoxides	29-31	catalase	Homo sapiens	142-150
23832602-2	2013	Superoxide radical-generating menadione and serum deprivation diminished the steady-state mRNA levels for the genes phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), ubiquitin specific peptidase 28 (USP28), damage-regulated autophagy modulator (DRAM), TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR), and cylindromatosis (CYLD).	Superoxides	0-18	DNA damage regulated autophagy modulator 1	Homo sapiens	196-232
23832602-2	2013	Superoxide radical-generating menadione and serum deprivation diminished the steady-state mRNA levels for the genes phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), ubiquitin specific peptidase 28 (USP28), damage-regulated autophagy modulator (DRAM), TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR), and cylindromatosis (CYLD).	Superoxides	0-18	DNA damage regulated autophagy modulator 1	Homo sapiens	234-238
24256261-11	2013	MutSOD1 aggregated and impaired proteasomes only in motoneurons, which were particularly sensitive to superoxide-induced oxidative stress.	Superoxides	102-112	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	0-7
24028658-7	2013	At the cellular and mitochondrial levels, ROS were increased in yeast treated with ethanol and increased to a higher level in the ssq1 , isa1 , iba57  and grx5  mutants - hydrogen peroxide and superoxide were the main molecules detected.	Superoxides	193-203	Hsp70 family ATPase SSQ1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	130-134
24028658-7	2013	At the cellular and mitochondrial levels, ROS were increased in yeast treated with ethanol and increased to a higher level in the ssq1 , isa1 , iba57  and grx5  mutants - hydrogen peroxide and superoxide were the main molecules detected.	Superoxides	193-203	monothiol glutaredoxin GRX5	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	155-159
23792772-0	2013	Mitochondrial superoxide mediates labile iron level: evidence from Mn-SOD-transgenic mice and heterozygous knockout mice and isolated rat liver mitochondria.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	67-73
24036105-3	2013	This study examined the role of the enzymatic antioxidant SOD, which converts the pro-oxidant superoxide into H2O2, in vitiligo pathogenesis.	Superoxides	94-104	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	58-61
24126683-6	2013	The finding that AG1478, an EGFR kinase inhibitor, substantially blocked both EGFR phosphorylation and superoxide anion production strongly suggested that phosphorylation of EGFR can be responsible for the activation of NOX with the consequent production of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	103-119	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	28-32
24126683-7	2013	Therefore, EGFR phosphorylation can exert a key role in the production of superoxide anion and ROS induced by PN in MDA-MB-231 cells.	Superoxides	74-90	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	11-15
24103366-3	2013	The studied complexes were found to react with superoxide (generated by a xanthine/xanthine oxidase system) at rate constants (kCu(II)-RSSR) close to 10(6)M(-1)s(-1), which are three orders of magnitude lower than that reported for superoxide dismutase (SOD) but comparable to that of several other copper-containing complexes reported as SOD mimetics.	Superoxides	47-57	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	232-252
24103366-3	2013	The studied complexes were found to react with superoxide (generated by a xanthine/xanthine oxidase system) at rate constants (kCu(II)-RSSR) close to 10(6)M(-1)s(-1), which are three orders of magnitude lower than that reported for superoxide dismutase (SOD) but comparable to that of several other copper-containing complexes reported as SOD mimetics.	Superoxides	47-57	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	254-257
24103366-3	2013	The studied complexes were found to react with superoxide (generated by a xanthine/xanthine oxidase system) at rate constants (kCu(II)-RSSR) close to 10(6)M(-1)s(-1), which are three orders of magnitude lower than that reported for superoxide dismutase (SOD) but comparable to that of several other copper-containing complexes reported as SOD mimetics.	Superoxides	47-57	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	339-342
24103366-4	2013	The interaction between the tested Cu(II)-RSSR and superoxide, led to the generation and recovery of concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and oxygen that were, respectively, below and above those theoretically-expected from a sole SOD mimetic action.	Superoxides	51-61	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	230-233
23937122-10	2013	Local delivery of Ang-4 protein significantly increased cavernous endothelial content, induced eNOS phosphorylation, and decreased the generation of superoxide anion and apoptosis in diabetic mice.	Superoxides	149-165	angiopoietin 4	Mus musculus	18-23
24289788-8	2013	Combined treatment with zinc and angiotensin II substantially increased the levels of superoxides in neurons compared to those induced by zinc alone.	Superoxides	86-97	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	33-47
23898825-6	2013	The percentage of  O2(-)-positive sperm was significantly correlated with sperm DeltaPsim and caspase-3/7 activation in the ejaculate.	Superoxides	19-22	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	94-103
23898825-10	2013	The activation of caspase-3/7 could then follow the increased intrinsic superoxide levels due to depleted intrinsic glutathione (GSH).	Superoxides	72-82	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	18-27
24324479-7	2013	However, in senescence, superoxide dismutase (SOD), that converts superoxide anion radical ([Formula: see text]) to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2,) decreases, while the thylakoid Ndh complex, that favors the generation of singlet oxygen ((1)O2) and [Formula: see text], and peroxidase (PX), that consumes H2O2, increase.	Superoxides	66-90	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	24-44
24324479-7	2013	However, in senescence, superoxide dismutase (SOD), that converts superoxide anion radical ([Formula: see text]) to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2,) decreases, while the thylakoid Ndh complex, that favors the generation of singlet oxygen ((1)O2) and [Formula: see text], and peroxidase (PX), that consumes H2O2, increase.	Superoxides	66-90	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	46-49
24340135-8	2013	O2 ( -) levels in hepatocytes of untreated Sod2 (+/-) mice were three-fold higher than in untreated LMC mice, as observed by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy.	Superoxides	0-2	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	43-47
24340135-9	2013	O2 ( -) levels in mitochondria of Sod2 (+/) mice were four-fold higher than in mitochondria of untreated LMC mice, as measured by MitoSOX Red fluorescence and flow cytometry.	Superoxides	0-2	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	34-38
24187133-7	2013	Moreover, hypoxia-induced human pulmonary artery endothelial cell O2 - production was completely inhibited by NoxA1ds.	Superoxides	66-68	NADPH oxidase activator 1	Homo sapiens	110-117
23838628-4	2013	Two compounds showed selective inhibition against elastase release and superoxide anion generation, respectively, by human neutrophils with IC50 values of 5.66 and 3.59 muM, while two others inhibited both inflammatory mediators with IC50 values of 0.66-3.49 muM.	Superoxides	71-87	latexin	Homo sapiens	169-172
24400151-9	2013	Vascular expression of IL-6 (a proinflammatory mediator of vascular disease) and components of NADPH oxidase (a major source of superoxide) was increased in old IL-10-deficient mice compared with wild-type (P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	128-138	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	161-166
24400151-10	2013	These findings provide the first evidence that age-related and superoxide-mediated endothelial dysfunction occurs earlier with IL-10 deficiency.	Superoxides	63-73	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	127-132
24251118-4	2013	We previously reported that Immp2l mutation in mice causes excessive mitochondrial superoxide generation, which causes infertility and early signs of aging.	Superoxides	83-93	IMP2 inner mitochondrial membrane peptidase-like (S. cerevisiae)	Mus musculus	28-34
24138787-14	2013	Blockade of TNF-alpha with infliximab, but not inhibition of inducible NOS or cyclooxygenase, improved endothelial relaxation and decreased superoxide formation.	Superoxides	140-150	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	12-21
24008014-11	2013	This study reveals that when both types of inhibition are released, Noxa1 achieves high-level superoxide production.	Superoxides	94-104	NADPH oxidase activator 1	Homo sapiens	68-73
24047198-0	2013	Selective and sensitive detection of intracellular O2( -) using Au NPs/cytochrome c as SERS nanosensors.	Superoxides	51-53	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	71-83
24047198-1	2013	A novel surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanosensor was developed by modifying oxidized cytochrome c (Cyt c) on gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) for the sensitive and selective determination of intracellular superoxide anion radical (O2( -)).	Superoxides	211-235	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	96-108
24047198-1	2013	A novel surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanosensor was developed by modifying oxidized cytochrome c (Cyt c) on gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) for the sensitive and selective determination of intracellular superoxide anion radical (O2( -)).	Superoxides	211-235	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	110-115
24047198-1	2013	A novel surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanosensor was developed by modifying oxidized cytochrome c (Cyt c) on gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) for the sensitive and selective determination of intracellular superoxide anion radical (O2( -)).	Superoxides	237-239	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	96-108
24047198-1	2013	A novel surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanosensor was developed by modifying oxidized cytochrome c (Cyt c) on gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) for the sensitive and selective determination of intracellular superoxide anion radical (O2( -)).	Superoxides	237-239	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	110-115
24047198-2	2013	On the basis of the differences in the SERS spectra between the oxidized and reduced form of Cyt c, this nanosensor could be employed to investigate O2( -) concentration by measuring the SERS spectra of the reduced Cyt c.	Superoxides	149-151	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	93-98
24047198-2	2013	On the basis of the differences in the SERS spectra between the oxidized and reduced form of Cyt c, this nanosensor could be employed to investigate O2( -) concentration by measuring the SERS spectra of the reduced Cyt c.	Superoxides	149-151	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	215-220
23965989-2	2013	Bioavailability of BH4 is a critical factor in regulating the balance between NO and superoxide production by endothelial NOS (eNOS coupling).	Superoxides	85-95	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	127-131
23965989-7	2013	eNOS-derived superoxide production was significantly elevated in W447A and W447F versus wild-type eNOS, and this was sufficient to oxidize BH4 to 7,8-dihydrobiopterin.	Superoxides	13-23	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
23965989-7	2013	eNOS-derived superoxide production was significantly elevated in W447A and W447F versus wild-type eNOS, and this was sufficient to oxidize BH4 to 7,8-dihydrobiopterin.	Superoxides	13-23	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	98-102
23965989-11	2013	These data reveal a key role for Trp-447 in determining NO versus superoxide production by eNOS, by effects on BH4-dependent catalysis, and by modulating eNOS dimer formation.	Superoxides	66-76	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	91-95
24146950-6	2013	These results affirmed that Ab/SOD-quenched superoxide anion produced by endothelial cells in response to proinflammatory agents mediates NFkappaB activation.	Superoxides	44-60	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	138-146
23871616-6	2013	Pre-treatment with the inhibitor, CRP-i2, resulted in a significant reduction in CRP induced superoxide anion, NFkappab activity and biomarkers of inflammation.	Superoxides	93-109	C-reactive protein	Rattus norvegicus	34-37
23871616-6	2013	Pre-treatment with the inhibitor, CRP-i2, resulted in a significant reduction in CRP induced superoxide anion, NFkappab activity and biomarkers of inflammation.	Superoxides	93-109	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	81-84
23968725-7	2013	It was found that superoxide (O2(-)) generation was involved in arsenite-induced the activation of MAPK and PI3K pathways, which led to the HIF-1alpha, COX-2 and VEGF overexpressions.	Superoxides	18-28	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	99-103
23968725-7	2013	It was found that superoxide (O2(-)) generation was involved in arsenite-induced the activation of MAPK and PI3K pathways, which led to the HIF-1alpha, COX-2 and VEGF overexpressions.	Superoxides	18-28	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	140-150
23968725-7	2013	It was found that superoxide (O2(-)) generation was involved in arsenite-induced the activation of MAPK and PI3K pathways, which led to the HIF-1alpha, COX-2 and VEGF overexpressions.	Superoxides	18-28	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	152-157
23968725-7	2013	It was found that superoxide (O2(-)) generation was involved in arsenite-induced the activation of MAPK and PI3K pathways, which led to the HIF-1alpha, COX-2 and VEGF overexpressions.	Superoxides	18-28	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	162-166
23968725-7	2013	It was found that superoxide (O2(-)) generation was involved in arsenite-induced the activation of MAPK and PI3K pathways, which led to the HIF-1alpha, COX-2 and VEGF overexpressions.	Superoxides	30-32	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	99-103
23968725-7	2013	It was found that superoxide (O2(-)) generation was involved in arsenite-induced the activation of MAPK and PI3K pathways, which led to the HIF-1alpha, COX-2 and VEGF overexpressions.	Superoxides	30-32	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	140-150
23968725-7	2013	It was found that superoxide (O2(-)) generation was involved in arsenite-induced the activation of MAPK and PI3K pathways, which led to the HIF-1alpha, COX-2 and VEGF overexpressions.	Superoxides	30-32	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	152-157
23968725-7	2013	It was found that superoxide (O2(-)) generation was involved in arsenite-induced the activation of MAPK and PI3K pathways, which led to the HIF-1alpha, COX-2 and VEGF overexpressions.	Superoxides	30-32	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	162-166
24093947-8	2013	Increased superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) activity suggests an increase in O2  dismutation and this was further supported by elevated levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and decline in catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) antioxidant protection in skeletal muscle at this time.	Superoxides	73-75	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	10-32
24093947-8	2013	Increased superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) activity suggests an increase in O2  dismutation and this was further supported by elevated levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and decline in catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) antioxidant protection in skeletal muscle at this time.	Superoxides	73-75	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	34-38
23561917-9	2013	In human endothelial cells VEGF inhibition induced a dose-dependent increase in mitochondrial superoxide generation with an uncoupling of eNOS, resulting in reduced NO availability and decreased proliferation.	Superoxides	94-104	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	27-31
22443458-2	2013	The molecular mechanisms of AngII pathophysiological activity involve the stimulation of NADPH oxidases, which produce superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	119-129	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	28-33
23420569-6	2013	In vitro and in vivo macrophages treated with PRL presented an enhanced superoxide anion production, elevated phagocytic index and increased phagocytic activity.	Superoxides	72-88	prolactin	Salmo salar	46-49
23802566-1	2013	Superoxide dismutase 1 (Sod1) is a major superoxide-scavenging enzyme in the eukaryotic cell, and is localized in the cytosol and intermembrane space of mitochondria.	Superoxides	41-51	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-22
23802566-1	2013	Superoxide dismutase 1 (Sod1) is a major superoxide-scavenging enzyme in the eukaryotic cell, and is localized in the cytosol and intermembrane space of mitochondria.	Superoxides	41-51	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	24-28
23957209-1	2013	UNLABELLED: Superoxide production by Nox1, a member of the Nox family NAPDH oxidases, requires expression of its regulatory soluble proteins Noxo1 (Nox organizer 1) and Noxa1 (Nox activator 1) and is markedly enhanced upon cell stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a potent activator of protein kinase C (PKC).	Superoxides	12-22	NADPH oxidase activator 1	Homo sapiens	169-174
23957209-1	2013	UNLABELLED: Superoxide production by Nox1, a member of the Nox family NAPDH oxidases, requires expression of its regulatory soluble proteins Noxo1 (Nox organizer 1) and Noxa1 (Nox activator 1) and is markedly enhanced upon cell stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a potent activator of protein kinase C (PKC).	Superoxides	12-22	NADPH oxidase activator 1	Homo sapiens	176-191
23864513-5	2013	18:429-440, 2013), working with singly modified human cytochromes c, claim to have found a new mechanism for the reduction of iron(III) cytochrome c by superoxide.	Superoxides	152-162	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	136-148
23868084-4	2013	RESULTS: Zofenoprilat counteracts the superoxide anion production and cell apoptosis induced by angiotensin I treatment by blocking the extrinsic caspase cascade, NF-kB and p38 activation.	Superoxides	38-54	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	96-109
23801050-9	2013	However, abolishment of iNOS induction with 1400W or iNOS RNAi would restore peroxynitrite, TGF-beta, and fibronectin productions completely to basal level and attenuate superoxide production.	Superoxides	170-180	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	24-28
23801050-9	2013	However, abolishment of iNOS induction with 1400W or iNOS RNAi would restore peroxynitrite, TGF-beta, and fibronectin productions completely to basal level and attenuate superoxide production.	Superoxides	170-180	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	53-57
24194516-4	2013	Our studies demonstrate that SIRT3 expression is down-regulated during keratinocyte differentiation, consistent with an increase in mitochondrial superoxide levels.	Superoxides	146-156	sirtuin 3	Homo sapiens	29-34
24194516-5	2013	Importantly, loss of SIRT3 expression in keratinocytes increased superoxide levels and promoted the expression of differentiation markers, whereas overexpression decreased superoxide levels and reduced the expression of differentiation markers.	Superoxides	65-75	sirtuin 3	Homo sapiens	21-26
24363997-0	2013	Over-expressed copper/zinc superoxide dismutase localizes to mitochondria in neurons inhibiting the angiotensin II-mediated increase in mitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	27-37	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	100-114
24363997-2	2013	AngII intra-neuronal signaling is mediated, at least in part, by reactive oxygen species, particularly superoxide (O2 ( -)).	Superoxides	103-113	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-5
24363997-2	2013	AngII intra-neuronal signaling is mediated, at least in part, by reactive oxygen species, particularly superoxide (O2 ( -)).	Superoxides	115-117	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-5
24363997-3	2013	Recently, it has been discovered that mitochondria are a major subcellular source of AngII-induced O2 ( -).	Superoxides	99-101	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	85-90
24236204-11	2013	Furthermore, overexpression of AKIP1 reduced and silencing of AKIP1 increased mitochondrial superoxide production, suggesting that AKIP1 modulates the efficiency of electron flux through the ETC.	Superoxides	92-102	A-kinase interacting protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	31-36
24236204-11	2013	Furthermore, overexpression of AKIP1 reduced and silencing of AKIP1 increased mitochondrial superoxide production, suggesting that AKIP1 modulates the efficiency of electron flux through the ETC.	Superoxides	92-102	A-kinase interacting protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	62-67
24236204-11	2013	Furthermore, overexpression of AKIP1 reduced and silencing of AKIP1 increased mitochondrial superoxide production, suggesting that AKIP1 modulates the efficiency of electron flux through the ETC.	Superoxides	92-102	A-kinase interacting protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	62-67
24236204-12	2013	Together, this suggests that AKIP1 overexpression improves mitochondrial function to enhance respiration without excess superoxide generation, thereby implicating a role for AKIP1 in mitochondrial stress adaptation.	Superoxides	120-130	A-kinase interacting protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	29-34
24163350-5	2013	In mouse brain, superoxide production induced by NMDA injections or ischemia-reperfusion was likewise prevented by inhibiting Na(+)/H(+) exchange and by reduced expression of the Na(+)/H(+) exchanger-1 (NHE1).	Superoxides	16-26	solute carrier family 9 (sodium/hydrogen exchanger), member 1	Mus musculus	179-201
24163350-5	2013	In mouse brain, superoxide production induced by NMDA injections or ischemia-reperfusion was likewise prevented by inhibiting Na(+)/H(+) exchange and by reduced expression of the Na(+)/H(+) exchanger-1 (NHE1).	Superoxides	16-26	solute carrier family 9 (sodium/hydrogen exchanger), member 1	Mus musculus	203-207
23941231-8	2013	There were three genes that contributed to "response to superoxide" and "oxygen radical" pathways, including the SOD1 gene.	Superoxides	56-66	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	113-117
23768398-5	2013	The addition of catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) prevented the hydroxyl radical driven-degradation of beta-glucan induced by iron(II) or ascorbic acid/iron(II), demonstrating the involvement of both superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in the hydroxyl radical formation.	Superoxides	29-39	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	51-54
23768398-6	2013	SOD, which catalyses the dismutation of superoxide into hydrogen peroxide, should have stimulated the formation of radicals, since these radicals are generated from the reaction between hydrogen peroxide and iron(II).	Superoxides	40-50	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
24070210-3	2013	SOD is a metalloenzyme and it acts as an excellent antioxidant to protect the body from superoxide radicals that are generated in the biological system.	Superoxides	88-98	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
24175971-2	2013	Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD, SOD1) is a conserved enzyme for scavenging superoxide radical in cells.	Superoxides	6-16	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	28-37
24175971-2	2013	Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD, SOD1) is a conserved enzyme for scavenging superoxide radical in cells.	Superoxides	6-16	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	39-43
24132636-4	2013	TNNI3K-mediated injury occurs through increased mitochondrial superoxide production and impaired mitochondrial function and is largely dependent on p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation.	Superoxides	62-72	TNNI3 interacting kinase	Homo sapiens	0-6
24132636-5	2013	We developed a series of small-molecule TNNI3K inhibitors that reduce mitochondrial-derived superoxide generation, p38 activation, and infarct size when delivered at reperfusion to mimic clinical intervention.	Superoxides	92-102	TNNI3 interacting kinase	Homo sapiens	40-46
23883585-4	2013	To define cellular factors that influence the efficacy of beta-lapachone using knowledge of its mechanism of action, we confirmed that NQO1 was required for lethality and mediated a futile redox cycle where ~120 moles of superoxide were formed per mole of beta-lapachone in 2 minutes.	Superoxides	221-231	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	135-139
23918204-7	2013	One of the sources of ROS in IL-1beta-activated astrocytes was from increased superoxide production in mitochondria accompanied by enhanced manganese superoxide dismutase and inhibited catalase expression.	Superoxides	78-88	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	29-37
23932941-6	2013	We also showed that rt-lep causes a decrease in superoxide anion production in trout blood leucocytes.	Superoxides	48-64	leptin	Oncorhynchus mykiss	23-26
23856291-6	2013	In RvD1-treated macrophages, efferocytosis-induced phosphorylation of p47(phox) and association between p47(phox) and gp91(phox) were downregulated, resulting in abrogation of generation of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	190-206	NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47)	Mus musculus	70-79
23819990-7	2013	In the absence of UCP2, endothelial growth stimulation provoked mitochondrial network fragmentation and premature senescence via a mechanism involving superoxide-mediated p53 activation.	Superoxides	151-161	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	171-174
23919400-1	2013	The metalloenzyme Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) catalyzes the reduction of superoxide anions into molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	79-96	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	18-44
23919400-1	2013	The metalloenzyme Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) catalyzes the reduction of superoxide anions into molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	79-96	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	46-50
23927036-2	2013	To remove ROS, cells have developed ROS-specific defense mechanisms, including the enzyme Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1), which catalyzes the disproportionation of superoxide anions into molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	167-184	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	118-122
22989604-9	2013	Reduced superoxide levels and DCF in the exer+NAC group were associated with decreased Akt, AMPK and eNOS phosphorylation.	Superoxides	8-18	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	87-90
22989604-9	2013	Reduced superoxide levels and DCF in the exer+NAC group were associated with decreased Akt, AMPK and eNOS phosphorylation.	Superoxides	8-18	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Rattus norvegicus	92-96
24007566-8	2013	The only pathways significant after multiple comparison corrections (FDR &lt;0.05) were the Nrf2-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) oxidative response (superoxide dismutase 2, catalase, peroxiredoxin 1, PIK3C3, DNAJC17, microsomal glutathione S-transferase 3) and superoxide radical degradation (SOD2, CAT).	Superoxides	268-286	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	92-96
23953206-4	2013	The common spectrophotometric probes for O2( -) are nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) and cytochrome c.	Superoxides	41-43	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	84-96
23953206-9	2013	In this study, the O2( -) scavenging activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), L-ascorbic acid, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), albumin from human serum, flavonoids and herbal extracts were assessed by using this method.	Superoxides	19-21	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	51-71
23953206-9	2013	In this study, the O2( -) scavenging activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), L-ascorbic acid, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), albumin from human serum, flavonoids and herbal extracts were assessed by using this method.	Superoxides	19-21	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	73-76
23958265-7	2013	Basal generation of superoxide was increased 1.55 fold (P = 0.01) in endothelial cells from ApoE(-/-)/ESMIRO mice and was inhibited by the NADPH oxidase inhibitor gp91ds-tat (-12 +- 0.04%, P = 0.04), the NO synthase inhibitor L-NMMA (-8 +- 0.02%, P = 0.001) and the mitochondrial specific inhibitor rotenone (-23 +- 0.04%, P = 0.006).	Superoxides	20-30	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	92-96
23707391-8	2013	Transfection of dominant negative (DN) RhoA (N19) cDNA plasmid, small hairpin (sh)-RhoA forming plasmid, and Y27632, an inhibitor of Rho-kinase, abrogated the superoxide formation in BV2 cells stimulated by fAbeta.	Superoxides	159-169	Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2	Mus musculus	133-143
23707391-12	2013	These results suggest that RhoA closely engages in the regulation of superoxide production induced by fAbeta through phosphorylation of p47(PHOX) in microglial BV2 cells.	Superoxides	69-79	NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47)	Mus musculus	136-139
23966169-4	2013	Of note, unstressed HCT116 p53(+/+) cells simultaneously show increased O2 consumption and decreased mitochondrial superoxide production compared with their p53-null counterpart.	Superoxides	72-74	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	27-30
23966169-4	2013	Of note, unstressed HCT116 p53(+/+) cells simultaneously show increased O2 consumption and decreased mitochondrial superoxide production compared with their p53-null counterpart.	Superoxides	115-125	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	27-30
23482378-8	2013	In aortic preparations, apocynin treatment decreased Ang II-mediated superoxide production from 2433+-120 relative light units (RLU)/min/mg to 1851+-126 RLU/min/mg (n = 4 mice per group), which was similar to levels observed in MHyB mice alone (1473+-132 RLU/min/mg) or in combination with apocynin (1503+-115 RLU/min/mg).	Superoxides	69-79	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	53-59
23871616-5	2013	RESULTS: Treatment with CRP resulted in significant increase in superoxide anion, nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappab) activity and the release of biomarkers of inflammation from macrophages compared to Wistar rats treated with human albumin (HuSA).	Superoxides	64-80	C-reactive protein	Rattus norvegicus	24-27
23223967-8	2013	Thus, the low production of superoxide anions, subsequent to NADPH oxidase inhibition, might act by increasing the expression of Nrf2 and PPARalpha and by decreasing that of NF-kappaB, which, in turn, would enhance the antioxidant defense systems.	Superoxides	28-45	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	129-133
25509359-4	2013	The product of SOD1 is a cytosolic dimeric enzyme Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) responsible for detoxification of the cellular superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	56-66	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	15-19
25509359-4	2013	The product of SOD1 is a cytosolic dimeric enzyme Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) responsible for detoxification of the cellular superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	56-66	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	78-82
23289810-2	2013	Copper-zinc superoxide dismutases, SOD-1 and SOD-3, and manganese superoxide dismutase, SOD-2, are enzymes involved in the protection against oxidative stress and detoxification of superoxide.	Superoxides	12-22	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	35-40
23289810-2	2013	Copper-zinc superoxide dismutases, SOD-1 and SOD-3, and manganese superoxide dismutase, SOD-2, are enzymes involved in the protection against oxidative stress and detoxification of superoxide.	Superoxides	12-22	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	45-50
23830845-9	2013	Excessive arginase activity reduces the l-arginine supply for nitric oxide synthase (NOS), causing it to become uncoupled and produce superoxide and less NO.	Superoxides	134-144	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	62-83
23981672-8	2013	CONCLUSIONS: ApoE(-/-) mice chronically administered with sildenafil exhibited reduced levels of superoxide anion in MNC and less DNA fragmentation in MNC and liver cells, which are biomarkers of genotoxicity.	Superoxides	97-113	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	13-17
24191234-3	2013	Our previous data highlighted a role for angiotensin II in the induction of telomere-dependent and -independent premature senescence of human vascular smooth muscle cells and suggested this was due to production of superoxide by NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	215-225	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	41-55
24191234-4	2013	However, since a role for mitochondrial oxidants was not ruled out we hypothesise that angiotensin II mediates senescence by mitochondrial superoxide generation and suggest that inhibition of superoxide may prevent vascular smooth muscle cell aging in vitro.	Superoxides	139-149	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	87-101
24191234-4	2013	However, since a role for mitochondrial oxidants was not ruled out we hypothesise that angiotensin II mediates senescence by mitochondrial superoxide generation and suggest that inhibition of superoxide may prevent vascular smooth muscle cell aging in vitro.	Superoxides	192-202	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	87-101
24191234-9	2013	These data suggest that mitochondrial superoxide is necessary for the induction of stress-induced premature senescence by angiotensin II and taken together with other data suggest that mitochondrial cross-talk with NADPH oxidases, via as yet unidentified signalling pathways, is likely to play a key role.	Superoxides	38-48	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	122-136
23978851-6	2013	Luminol specifically reacts with the superoxide generated within the phagosomes of neutrophils since bioluminescence results from a myeloperoxidase (MPO) mediated reaction.	Superoxides	37-47	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	132-147
23978851-6	2013	Luminol specifically reacts with the superoxide generated within the phagosomes of neutrophils since bioluminescence results from a myeloperoxidase (MPO) mediated reaction.	Superoxides	37-47	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	149-152
23902728-6	2013	The cyt c-immobilized PDA-bound titania substrates showed stable and durable electrochemical performances upon continuous current-voltage cycling for 240 times (the final current change was less than 3%) and could detect superoxide that is a core indicator for various diseases including cancers.	Superoxides	221-231	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	4-9
23950968-4	2013	To this end we identified a novel mechanism by which NO down regulated endogenous hydrogen peroxide [H2O2] formation via the down-regulation of superoxide [O2 (.-)] and the activation of catalase.	Superoxides	103-105	catalase	Homo sapiens	187-195
23816468-5	2013	Exposure to Ang II resulted in significant increases in suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) expression and phosphorylation levels of JAK2, STAT3 and ERK1/2 linked with elevated superoxide production and cell proliferation in HUASMCs.	Superoxides	184-194	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Homo sapiens	146-151
23816468-5	2013	Exposure to Ang II resulted in significant increases in suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) expression and phosphorylation levels of JAK2, STAT3 and ERK1/2 linked with elevated superoxide production and cell proliferation in HUASMCs.	Superoxides	184-194	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	156-162
23816468-8	2013	Intriguingly, downregulation of profilin-1 with profilin-1 siRNA (50 nM) was able to abolish Ang II-induced upregulations of profilin-1 expression, ERK1/2 phosphorylation and superoxide production with attenuation of VSMC proliferation.	Superoxides	175-185	profilin 1	Homo sapiens	32-42
23816468-8	2013	Intriguingly, downregulation of profilin-1 with profilin-1 siRNA (50 nM) was able to abolish Ang II-induced upregulations of profilin-1 expression, ERK1/2 phosphorylation and superoxide production with attenuation of VSMC proliferation.	Superoxides	175-185	profilin 1	Homo sapiens	48-58
23816468-8	2013	Intriguingly, downregulation of profilin-1 with profilin-1 siRNA (50 nM) was able to abolish Ang II-induced upregulations of profilin-1 expression, ERK1/2 phosphorylation and superoxide production with attenuation of VSMC proliferation.	Superoxides	175-185	profilin 1	Homo sapiens	48-58
23951261-0	2013	Diabetes-induced superoxide anion and breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier: role of the VEGF/uPAR pathway.	Superoxides	17-33	plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor	Rattus norvegicus	95-99
23951261-3	2013	The purpose of this study was to define the role of superoxide anion in VEGF/uPAR expression and BRB breakdown in diabetes.	Superoxides	52-68	plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor	Rattus norvegicus	77-81
23729209-6	2013	IPA-NO also suppressed ET1-induced cardiomyocyte superoxide generation.	Superoxides	49-59	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	23-26
23373855-4	2013	Diminished mitochondrial superoxide inhibited redox-dependent Akt, restored activity of mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase, and reduced HIF1-alpha and lactate dehydrogenase expression in cancer cells.	Superoxides	25-35	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	62-65
23988004-3	2013	In vitro exposure of cardiac fibroblasts to superoxide anion stimulates their proliferation by increasing the production of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), a potent fibrogenic cytokine.	Superoxides	44-60	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	124-156
23988004-3	2013	In vitro exposure of cardiac fibroblasts to superoxide anion stimulates their proliferation by increasing the production of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), a potent fibrogenic cytokine.	Superoxides	44-60	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	158-167
23608466-0	2013	Mitochondrial superoxide mediates mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum dysfunctions in TRAIL-induced apoptosis in Jurkat cells.	Superoxides	14-24	TNF superfamily member 10	Homo sapiens	90-95
23608466-1	2013	Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide (O2( -)) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), have been reported to be important mediators of the apoptosis induced by death ligands, including Fas, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL).	Superoxides	39-49	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	192-219
23608466-1	2013	Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide (O2( -)) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), have been reported to be important mediators of the apoptosis induced by death ligands, including Fas, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL).	Superoxides	39-49	TNF superfamily member 10	Homo sapiens	225-280
23608466-1	2013	Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide (O2( -)) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), have been reported to be important mediators of the apoptosis induced by death ligands, including Fas, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL).	Superoxides	39-49	TNF superfamily member 10	Homo sapiens	282-287
23608466-1	2013	Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide (O2( -)) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), have been reported to be important mediators of the apoptosis induced by death ligands, including Fas, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL).	Superoxides	51-53	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	192-219
23608466-1	2013	Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide (O2( -)) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), have been reported to be important mediators of the apoptosis induced by death ligands, including Fas, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL).	Superoxides	51-53	TNF superfamily member 10	Homo sapiens	225-280
23608466-1	2013	Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide (O2( -)) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), have been reported to be important mediators of the apoptosis induced by death ligands, including Fas, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL).	Superoxides	51-53	TNF superfamily member 10	Homo sapiens	282-287
23608466-6	2013	TRAIL treatment resulted in increased mitochondrial O2( -) generation and the oxidation of cardiolipin.	Superoxides	52-54	TNF superfamily member 10	Homo sapiens	0-5
23608466-7	2013	The O2( -)-selective scavenger MnTBaP [Mn(III) tetrakis (4-benzoic acid) porphyrin chloride] specifically blocked TRAIL-induced apoptosis and proapoptotic events including mitochondrial membrane collapse and caspase-3/7 activation.	Superoxides	4-10	TNF superfamily member 10	Homo sapiens	114-119
23608466-7	2013	The O2( -)-selective scavenger MnTBaP [Mn(III) tetrakis (4-benzoic acid) porphyrin chloride] specifically blocked TRAIL-induced apoptosis and proapoptotic events including mitochondrial membrane collapse and caspase-3/7 activation.	Superoxides	4-10	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	208-217
23608466-9	2013	In addition, increased mitochondrial O2( -) generation by uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation or inhibition of the electron transport chain amplified the TRAIL-induced apoptosis and proapoptotic events.	Superoxides	37-39	TNF superfamily member 10	Homo sapiens	158-163
23608466-11	2013	Our data indicate that mitochondrial O2( -) mediates mitochondrial and ER dysfunctions during TRAIL-induced apoptosis in Jurkat cells.	Superoxides	37-39	TNF superfamily member 10	Homo sapiens	94-99
23608466-12	2013	The present findings suggest that pharmacological agents increasing mitochondrial O2( -) may serve as clinical drugs that amplify TRAIL effectiveness toward cancer cells.	Superoxides	82-84	TNF superfamily member 10	Homo sapiens	130-135
23905971-4	2013	Uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) is an inner mitochondrial membrane protein whose expression lowers mitochondrial superoxide (O2i-) production.	Superoxides	109-119	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	0-20
23905971-4	2013	Uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) is an inner mitochondrial membrane protein whose expression lowers mitochondrial superoxide (O2i-) production.	Superoxides	109-119	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	22-26
24228386-1	2013	Achatina fulica C-reactive protein (ACRP) reversed the toxic effects of lead nitrate both in vivo in mice and in vitro in rat hepatocytes restoring the basal level of cell viability, lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione and superoxides.	Superoxides	227-238	catenin (cadherin associated protein), alpha-like 1	Mus musculus	0-34
24228386-1	2013	Achatina fulica C-reactive protein (ACRP) reversed the toxic effects of lead nitrate both in vivo in mice and in vitro in rat hepatocytes restoring the basal level of cell viability, lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione and superoxides.	Superoxides	227-238	catenin (cadherin associated protein), alpha-like 1	Mus musculus	36-40
24101387-1	2013	Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion radical or hydroxyl radical, play an important role in inflammation processes as well as in transduction of signals from receptors to interleukin -1beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) or lipopolysaccharides (LPS).	Superoxides	58-82	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	209-227
24101387-1	2013	Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion radical or hydroxyl radical, play an important role in inflammation processes as well as in transduction of signals from receptors to interleukin -1beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) or lipopolysaccharides (LPS).	Superoxides	58-82	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	229-237
24101387-10	2013	However, the superoxide radical reacts with nitric oxide forming peroxynitrite that inactivates prostaglandin I synthase (PGIS), suppressing the production of prostaglandin I2 (PGI2).	Superoxides	13-23	prostaglandin I2 synthase	Homo sapiens	122-126
23850514-9	2013	Further, C60/HSA efficiently generated not only superoxide anion radicals O2 - but also singlet oxygen 1O2 through photoirradiation.	Superoxides	48-73	albumin	Homo sapiens	13-16
23981672-5	2013	RESULTS: MNC from apoE(-/-) vehicle exhibited a 2-fold increase in production of superoxide anion in comparison with WT.	Superoxides	81-97	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	18-22
23981672-6	2013	In contrast, sildenafil-administered apoE(-/-) mice showed superoxide anion levels similar to those observed in WT mice.	Superoxides	59-75	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	37-41
24159377-9	2013	In conclusion, adenosine-induced increase in CF in isolated heart involves Nox2-generated superoxide, possibly through ERK 1/2 phosphorylation with subsequent p47-phox subunit phosphorylation.	Superoxides	90-100	NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47)	Mus musculus	159-162
22277574-6	2013	Angiotensin II increased the superoxide signals detected by dihydroethidium staining in myocardial cells with lipid deposition, and this increase was suppressed by pioglitazone.	Superoxides	29-39	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
23922819-9	2013	As indicated by the results, OXA might participate in the central regulation of cardiovascular activities by disturbing the sympathovagal balance in AMI, which could be explained by the possibility that OXR and NAD(P)H-derived O2 (-) in RVLM mediates OXA-induced cardiovascular responses.	Superoxides	227-229	hypocretin neuropeptide precursor	Rattus norvegicus	29-32
23721231-5	2013	Whereas the SOD1 substrate (the radical anion superoxide, O2 -) was able to penetrate both membranes equally well, the CAT substrate (H2O2) showed different rates of diffusion.	Superoxides	46-56	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	12-16
23721231-5	2013	Whereas the SOD1 substrate (the radical anion superoxide, O2 -) was able to penetrate both membranes equally well, the CAT substrate (H2O2) showed different rates of diffusion.	Superoxides	58-60	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	12-16
23721231-6	2013	When O2 - was generated inside polymersomes filled with both SOD1 and CAT, the activities of the two systems were comparable again.	Superoxides	5-7	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
23721231-6	2013	When O2 - was generated inside polymersomes filled with both SOD1 and CAT, the activities of the two systems were comparable again.	Superoxides	5-7	catalase	Homo sapiens	70-73
23790103-3	2013	While Fe(III)-CBS is inert to exogenous ligands, Fe(II)-CBS can be reversibly inhibited by carbon monoxide (CO) and reoxidized by O2 to yield superoxide radical.	Superoxides	130-132	cystathionine beta-synthase	Homo sapiens	56-59
23790103-3	2013	While Fe(III)-CBS is inert to exogenous ligands, Fe(II)-CBS can be reversibly inhibited by carbon monoxide (CO) and reoxidized by O2 to yield superoxide radical.	Superoxides	142-160	cystathionine beta-synthase	Homo sapiens	56-59
23790103-9	2013	Reoxidation of Fe(II)CO-CBS by O2 was multiphasic.	Superoxides	31-33	cystathionine beta-synthase	Homo sapiens	24-27
23624625-0	2013	Mitochondrial-localized NADPH oxidase 4 is a source of superoxide in angiotensin II-stimulated neurons.	Superoxides	55-65	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	69-83
23624625-2	2013	ANG II-mediated intraneuronal signaling has been shown to be predicated by an increase in mitochondrial superoxide (O2 -), yet the source of this reactive oxygen species (ROS) production remains unclear.	Superoxides	104-114	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	0-6
23624625-2	2013	ANG II-mediated intraneuronal signaling has been shown to be predicated by an increase in mitochondrial superoxide (O2 -), yet the source of this reactive oxygen species (ROS) production remains unclear.	Superoxides	116-118	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	0-6
23624625-9	2013	Additionally, adenoviral-encoded small interfering RNA for Nox4 (AdsiNox4) caused a robust knockdown in Nox4 mRNA and protein levels, which led to the attenuation of ANG II-induced mitochondrial O2 - production.	Superoxides	195-197	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	166-172
23624625-11	2013	Collectively, these data suggest that Nox4 is a source of O2 - in neuron mitochondria that contributes to ANG II intraneuronal signaling.	Superoxides	58-60	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	106-112
23417568-4	2013	In the current study, we scrutinized the effects of hydrogen peroxide and/or menadione (superoxide anion generator) on JNK/p38-MAPKs and JAK2-STAT3 pathways to elucidate the mechanism(s) by which each oxidant modulated the above-mentioned pathways leading to SK-N-MC cell death.	Superoxides	88-104	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	119-122
23832989-1	2013	The electron transport system required for energy transduction in mitochondria releases free electrons to generate superoxide, which is converted to hydrogen peroxide either spontaneously or by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	115-125	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	194-214
23832989-1	2013	The electron transport system required for energy transduction in mitochondria releases free electrons to generate superoxide, which is converted to hydrogen peroxide either spontaneously or by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	115-125	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	216-219
23417568-4	2013	In the current study, we scrutinized the effects of hydrogen peroxide and/or menadione (superoxide anion generator) on JNK/p38-MAPKs and JAK2-STAT3 pathways to elucidate the mechanism(s) by which each oxidant modulated the above-mentioned pathways leading to SK-N-MC cell death.	Superoxides	88-104	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	123-126
23417568-4	2013	In the current study, we scrutinized the effects of hydrogen peroxide and/or menadione (superoxide anion generator) on JNK/p38-MAPKs and JAK2-STAT3 pathways to elucidate the mechanism(s) by which each oxidant modulated the above-mentioned pathways leading to SK-N-MC cell death.	Superoxides	88-104	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Homo sapiens	142-147
23417568-5	2013	Our results delineated that hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion radical induced distinct responses as we showed that STAT3 and p38 were activated in response to hydrogen peroxide, but not superoxide anion radicals indicating the specificity in ROS-induced signaling pathways activations and behaviors.	Superoxides	50-74	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Homo sapiens	120-125
23417568-5	2013	Our results delineated that hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion radical induced distinct responses as we showed that STAT3 and p38 were activated in response to hydrogen peroxide, but not superoxide anion radicals indicating the specificity in ROS-induced signaling pathways activations and behaviors.	Superoxides	50-74	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	130-133
23453926-0	2013	Advanced oxidation protein products induce cardiomyocyte death via Nox2/Rac1/superoxide-dependent TRAF3IP2/JNK signaling.	Superoxides	77-87	TRAF3 interacting protein 2	Mus musculus	98-106
23453926-7	2013	The superoxide anion generating xanthine/xanthine oxidase system and hydrogen peroxide both induced TRAF3IP2 expression.	Superoxides	4-20	TRAF3 interacting protein 2	Mus musculus	100-108
23453926-12	2013	These results demonstrate for the first time that AOPPs induce cardiomyocyte death via Nox2/Rac1/superoxide-dependent TRAF3IP2/JNK activation in vitro and suggest that AOPPs may contribute to myocardial injury in vivo.	Superoxides	97-107	TRAF3 interacting protein 2	Mus musculus	118-126
24174716-3	2013	These bacterial species initiate the production of various cytokines such as interleukin-8 and TNF-alpha, further causing an increase in number and activity of polymorphonucleocytes (PMN) along with these cytokines, PMNs also produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) superoxide via the respiratory burst mechanism as the part of the defence response to infection.	Superoxides	264-274	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	77-90
23549379-5	2013	Using a prechiasmatic injection model of SAH, we show here that eNOS knockout (KO) significantly alleviates vasospasm of the middle cerebral artery and reduces superoxide production.	Superoxides	160-170	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	64-68
24174716-3	2013	These bacterial species initiate the production of various cytokines such as interleukin-8 and TNF-alpha, further causing an increase in number and activity of polymorphonucleocytes (PMN) along with these cytokines, PMNs also produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) superoxide via the respiratory burst mechanism as the part of the defence response to infection.	Superoxides	264-274	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	95-104
23799360-3	2013	Compounds 3, 5, 6, and 10 exhibited inhibition (IC50 values &lt;=4.52 mug/mL) of superoxide anion generation by human neutrophils in response to formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine/cytochalasin B (fMLP/CB).	Superoxides	81-97	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	205-209
23922819-0	2013	The effect of orexin-A on cardiac dysfunction mediated by NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide anion in ventrolateral medulla.	Superoxides	80-96	hypocretin neuropeptide precursor	Rattus norvegicus	14-22
23922819-2	2013	The current study was designed to test the hypothesis that the central orexin-A (OXA) could be involved in the cardiovascular dysfunction of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by releasing NAD(P)H oxidase-derived superoxide anion (O2 (-)) generation in RVLM, AMI rat model established by ligating the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery to induce manifestation of cardiac dysfunction, monitored by the indicators as heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and left intraventricular pressure.	Superoxides	212-228	hypocretin neuropeptide precursor	Rattus norvegicus	71-79
23922819-2	2013	The current study was designed to test the hypothesis that the central orexin-A (OXA) could be involved in the cardiovascular dysfunction of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by releasing NAD(P)H oxidase-derived superoxide anion (O2 (-)) generation in RVLM, AMI rat model established by ligating the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery to induce manifestation of cardiac dysfunction, monitored by the indicators as heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and left intraventricular pressure.	Superoxides	212-228	hypocretin neuropeptide precursor	Rattus norvegicus	81-84
23922819-2	2013	The current study was designed to test the hypothesis that the central orexin-A (OXA) could be involved in the cardiovascular dysfunction of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by releasing NAD(P)H oxidase-derived superoxide anion (O2 (-)) generation in RVLM, AMI rat model established by ligating the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery to induce manifestation of cardiac dysfunction, monitored by the indicators as heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and left intraventricular pressure.	Superoxides	230-236	hypocretin neuropeptide precursor	Rattus norvegicus	71-79
23922819-2	2013	The current study was designed to test the hypothesis that the central orexin-A (OXA) could be involved in the cardiovascular dysfunction of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by releasing NAD(P)H oxidase-derived superoxide anion (O2 (-)) generation in RVLM, AMI rat model established by ligating the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery to induce manifestation of cardiac dysfunction, monitored by the indicators as heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and left intraventricular pressure.	Superoxides	230-236	hypocretin neuropeptide precursor	Rattus norvegicus	81-84
23922819-5	2013	Microinjection of OXA into the cerebral ventricle significantly increased O2 (-) production and mRNA expression of NAD(P)H oxidase subunits when compared with aCSF-treated ones.	Superoxides	74-80	hypocretin neuropeptide precursor	Rattus norvegicus	18-21
23628882-8	2013	Hsp70 protein levels were significantly decreased, and this correlated with increases in eNOS/Hsp90 interactions, NOS activity, and NOx levels, and a significant decrease in eNOS-derived superoxide.	Superoxides	187-197	heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein	Ovis aries	0-5
23628882-8	2013	Hsp70 protein levels were significantly decreased, and this correlated with increases in eNOS/Hsp90 interactions, NOS activity, and NOx levels, and a significant decrease in eNOS-derived superoxide.	Superoxides	187-197	nitric oxide synthase, endothelial	Ovis aries	174-178
23454539-2	2013	We have recently reported that in addition to post-translational nitration and inactivation of mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase holoenzyme (NOX) in the spinal cord is a major source for the overt production of superoxide-derived PN during the development of morphine-induced antinociceptive tolerance.	Superoxides	119-129	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	141-146
23718265-11	2013	While superoxide-mediated PARP activation is attenuated in the presence of NO, PARP inhibition does not modify the loss of mitochondrial function or adenine and pyridine nucleotide pools and subsequent bioenergetic dysfunction.	Superoxides	6-16	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	26-30
23454539-10	2013	These results suggest that NOX2 activity provides a significant source of superoxide-derived PN to undertake post-translational modifications of mitochondrial MnSOD and to engage neuroinflammatory signaling in the spinal cord associated with opioid-induced antinociceptive tolerance.	Superoxides	74-84	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	159-164
23840469-12	2013	Interleukin-1beta or tumor necrosis factor-alpha stimulated mitochondrial superoxide flash activity by 2-fold in vitro and 5-fold in situ, without altering individual flash properties except for reduction in spatial size due to mitochondrial fragmentation.	Superoxides	74-84	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	0-48
23618922-10	2013	Caspase-3/7 activity, which was increased by 200 muM PFOS, could be suppressed by ROS/O2(-) scavengers and nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) inhibitors in AL cells.	Superoxides	86-88	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	0-9
23576605-0	2013	Angiotensin II slow-pressor hypertension enhances NMDA currents and NOX2-dependent superoxide production in hypothalamic paraventricular neurons.	Superoxides	83-93	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
23629449-3	2013	Of these, five compounds 3, 6, 19a, 24a, and 24b exhibited potent and dual inhibitory effects on FMLP-induced superoxide anion (O2 (-)) generation and neutrophil elastase release in neutrophils with IC50 values of 0.23/0.60, 1.88/2.47, 1.87/3.60, 0.12/0.37, and 1.32/1.03 muM, respectively.	Superoxides	110-126	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	97-101
23625959-7	2013	Circulating adiponectin was independently associated with nitric oxide bioavailability and O2(-) production/eNOS uncoupling in both arteries and veins.	Superoxides	91-96	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Homo sapiens	12-23
23629449-3	2013	Of these, five compounds 3, 6, 19a, 24a, and 24b exhibited potent and dual inhibitory effects on FMLP-induced superoxide anion (O2 (-)) generation and neutrophil elastase release in neutrophils with IC50 values of 0.23/0.60, 1.88/2.47, 1.87/3.60, 0.12/0.37, and 1.32/1.03 muM, respectively.	Superoxides	128-130	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	97-101
23629449-4	2013	Further studies indicated that inhibition of superoxide production in human neutrophils by these dipeptides was associated with the selective inhibition of formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1).	Superoxides	45-55	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	156-181
23629449-4	2013	Further studies indicated that inhibition of superoxide production in human neutrophils by these dipeptides was associated with the selective inhibition of formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1).	Superoxides	45-55	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	183-187
23781221-3	2013	Increasing number of studies from recent years demonstrates that uncoupling of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), whereby the enzyme eNOS produces detrimental amount of superoxide anion [Formula: see text] instead the vasoprotective nitric oxide (NO( )), plays a critical role in vascular dysfunction under various pathophysiological conditions and in aging.	Superoxides	176-192	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	79-112
23738738-4	2013	Superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) is the key enzyme for the protection of oxidative stress, which catalyzes the removal of superoxide radical anion, thereby raising the need to better understand the interaction between INH and SOD.	Superoxides	129-153	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
23738738-4	2013	Superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) is the key enzyme for the protection of oxidative stress, which catalyzes the removal of superoxide radical anion, thereby raising the need to better understand the interaction between INH and SOD.	Superoxides	129-153	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
23738738-4	2013	Superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) is the key enzyme for the protection of oxidative stress, which catalyzes the removal of superoxide radical anion, thereby raising the need to better understand the interaction between INH and SOD.	Superoxides	129-153	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	233-236
23625959-9	2013	In contrast, local adiponectin gene expression/release in perivascular adipose tissue was positively correlated with O2(-) and eNOS uncoupling in the underlying vessels.	Superoxides	117-120	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Homo sapiens	19-30
23736784-1	2013	inhibit superoxide generation and elastase release in human neutrophils by blocking formyl peptide receptor 1.	Superoxides	8-18	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	84-109
23542920-7	2013	Moreover, compared with untreated PPAR-alpha KO mice, myosin heavy chain tyrosine nitration and anion superoxide production were markedly reduced in PPAR-alpha KO mice after treatment.	Superoxides	102-112	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Mus musculus	149-159
23755271-6	2013	ZnO also caused DNA strand breakage and oxidative DNA damage in the RAW 264.7 cells as well as p47(phox) NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide generation in bone marrow-derived macrophages.	Superoxides	129-139	NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47)	Mus musculus	95-98
23520167-4	2013	Absence of T-box expressed in T cells (T-bet), the IFN-gamma transcription factor encoded by Tbx21, reduced vascular superoxide and peroxynitrite formation and attenuated expression of nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase subunits as well as inducible NO synthase, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, and interleukin-12 in aortas of ATII-infused mice.	Superoxides	117-127	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	51-60
23349484-3	2013	Using three complementary methods to measure superoxide, we demonstrated higher levels of superoxide in insulin-resistant endothelial cells, which could be pharmacologically inhibited both acutely and chronically, using the Nox inhibitor gp91ds-tat.	Superoxides	45-55	insulin	Homo sapiens	104-111
22817606-7	2013	Angiotensin II enhanced intravascular superoxide generation, eutrophic remodelling, collagen and fibronectin depositions, and decreased elastin content, resulting in increased vessel stiffness.	Superoxides	38-48	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
23349484-3	2013	Using three complementary methods to measure superoxide, we demonstrated higher levels of superoxide in insulin-resistant endothelial cells, which could be pharmacologically inhibited both acutely and chronically, using the Nox inhibitor gp91ds-tat.	Superoxides	90-100	insulin	Homo sapiens	104-111
23349484-5	2013	siRNA-mediated knockdown of Nox2, which was specifically elevated in insulin-resistant endothelial cells, significantly reduced superoxide levels.	Superoxides	128-138	insulin	Homo sapiens	69-76
23649652-1	2013	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) catalyzes superoxide radical (O2 (-)) into hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which is further catalyzed by the combined action of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) into water and oxygen.	Superoxides	49-67	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	0-30
23569086-8	2013	Western blotting demonstrated that incubation of isolated TAL with AngII increased phosphorylation of p47(phox) at Ser(304), suggesting that AngII stimulates the basolateral Cl channels by increasing NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide generation.	Superoxides	224-234	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	67-72
23569086-8	2013	Western blotting demonstrated that incubation of isolated TAL with AngII increased phosphorylation of p47(phox) at Ser(304), suggesting that AngII stimulates the basolateral Cl channels by increasing NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide generation.	Superoxides	224-234	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	141-146
23558387-10	2013	Pretreatment with either SOD (degrades superoxide anion) or catalase (degrades hydrogen peroxide) depressed oxidant activity in TNF-treated muscle and abolished the decrement in specific force.	Superoxides	39-55	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	128-131
23445482-9	2013	In human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) incubated with CRP, inhibitors CRPi-2, CRPi-3, and CRPi-6 significantly inhibited CRP-induced superoxide, cytokine release, and nuclear factor-kappaB (NFkappaB) activity.	Superoxides	136-146	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	57-60
23445482-9	2013	In human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) incubated with CRP, inhibitors CRPi-2, CRPi-3, and CRPi-6 significantly inhibited CRP-induced superoxide, cytokine release, and nuclear factor-kappaB (NFkappaB) activity.	Superoxides	136-146	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	73-76
23649652-1	2013	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) catalyzes superoxide radical (O2 (-)) into hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which is further catalyzed by the combined action of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) into water and oxygen.	Superoxides	49-67	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	32-37
23649652-1	2013	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) catalyzes superoxide radical (O2 (-)) into hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which is further catalyzed by the combined action of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) into water and oxygen.	Superoxides	49-67	catalase	Mus musculus	194-202
23649652-1	2013	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) catalyzes superoxide radical (O2 (-)) into hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which is further catalyzed by the combined action of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) into water and oxygen.	Superoxides	49-67	catalase	Mus musculus	204-207
23649652-2	2013	MnSOD plays a role in cell protection from superoxide damage.	Superoxides	43-53	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	0-5
23613809-0	2013	Superoxide mediates direct current electric field-induced directional migration of glioma cells through the activation of AKT and ERK.	Superoxides	0-10	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	122-125
23611775-2	2013	Down-regulation of the mitochondrial enzyme superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) contributes to the stabilization of HIF-1alpha under hypoxia due to the decreased dismutation of superoxide radical.	Superoxides	171-189	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	110-120
23642335-1	2013	BACKGROUND: Catalase (CAT) breaks down H2O2 into H2O and O2 to protects cells from oxidative damage.	Superoxides	41-43	catalase	Homo sapiens	12-20
23642335-1	2013	BACKGROUND: Catalase (CAT) breaks down H2O2 into H2O and O2 to protects cells from oxidative damage.	Superoxides	41-43	catalase	Homo sapiens	22-25
23475768-2	2013	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) limits superoxide bioavailability, and decreased SOD activity is associated with PH.	Superoxides	34-44	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	22-25
23475768-3	2013	A decrease in SOD activity is expected to increase superoxide and reduce hydrogen peroxide levels.	Superoxides	51-61	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	14-17
23475768-8	2013	We found that SOD1 knockout (KO) mice have elevated pulmonary arterial wall superoxide and decreased hydrogen peroxide levels compared with wild-type (WT) littermates.	Superoxides	76-86	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	14-18
23422569-6	2013	Inhibition of SIRT1 significantly increased vascular superoxide production, enhanced NADPH oxidase activity, and mRNA expression of its subunits p22(phox) and NOX4, which were prevented by resveratrol.	Superoxides	53-63	sirtuin 1	Rattus norvegicus	14-19
23708100-0	2013	Sod1 loss induces intrinsic superoxide accumulation leading to p53-mediated growth arrest and apoptosis.	Superoxides	28-38	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	0-4
23708100-2	2013	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes play a major role in the antioxidant system and they also catalyze superoxide radicals (O2 -).	Superoxides	102-121	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	22-25
23708100-2	2013	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes play a major role in the antioxidant system and they also catalyze superoxide radicals (O2 -).	Superoxides	123-125	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	22-25
23708100-5	2013	We demonstrated that Sod1 deficiency impaired proliferation and induced apoptosis associated with O2 - accumulation in the cytoplasm and mitochondria in fibroblasts.	Superoxides	98-100	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	21-25
23583448-3	2013	The critical role of NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide generation in this cross-talk mechanism is supported by the finding that blockade of NADPH oxidase function prevents c-Met trans-phosphorylation and the downstream signalling cascade.	Superoxides	45-55	MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	173-178
23667524-11	2013	SOD activity was reduced by midgut PSN knockdown, and these flies were sensitive to the superoxide-inducing chemical paraquat.	Superoxides	88-98	Presenilin	Drosophila melanogaster	35-38
23454417-2	2013	Peroxynitrite, formed from NO and superoxide, can induce multiple proteins nitration, even including NF-kappaB and iNOS, to alter their functions.	Superoxides	34-44	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	101-110
23454417-2	2013	Peroxynitrite, formed from NO and superoxide, can induce multiple proteins nitration, even including NF-kappaB and iNOS, to alter their functions.	Superoxides	34-44	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	115-119
23519470-5	2013	We show here that treatment of prostate cancer PPC-1 cells with the superoxide generators menadione, paraquat, or buthionine sulfoximine down-regulates c-FLIP long (c-FLIP(L)) protein levels, which is prevented by the proteasome inhibitor MG132.	Superoxides	68-78	CASP8 and FADD like apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	152-158
23519470-5	2013	We show here that treatment of prostate cancer PPC-1 cells with the superoxide generators menadione, paraquat, or buthionine sulfoximine down-regulates c-FLIP long (c-FLIP(L)) protein levels, which is prevented by the proteasome inhibitor MG132.	Superoxides	68-78	CASP8 and FADD like apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	165-174
23637767-6	2013	TNFalpha stimulated NADPH-dependent superoxide release, total ROS formation and expression of ICAM-1and VCAM-1.	Superoxides	36-46	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-8
23613809-7	2013	Collectively, our data demonstrate that superoxide may play a critical role in DCEF-induced directional migration of glioma cells through the regulation of Akt and Erk1/2 activation.	Superoxides	40-50	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	156-159
23613809-7	2013	Collectively, our data demonstrate that superoxide may play a critical role in DCEF-induced directional migration of glioma cells through the regulation of Akt and Erk1/2 activation.	Superoxides	40-50	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	164-170
23613809-0	2013	Superoxide mediates direct current electric field-induced directional migration of glioma cells through the activation of AKT and ERK.	Superoxides	0-10	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	130-133
23395155-5	2013	In BH4 deficiency, oxygen reduction uncouples from NO synthesis, thereby converting eNOS to a superoxide-producing enzyme.	Superoxides	94-104	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	84-88
23559002-7	2013	We also show that the unprenylated RhoA- and Rac1-GTP retained at least part of their functional activities, as evidenced by the increase in intracellular superoxide production and JNK activation in response to simvastatin.	Superoxides	155-165	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	35-39
23559002-8	2013	Notably, blocking superoxide production attenuated JNK activation as well as cell death induced by simvastatin.	Superoxides	18-28	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	51-54
23559002-10	2013	Taken together, our data highlight the critical role of non-canonical regulation of Rho GTPases and involvement of downstream superoxide-mediated activation of JNK pathway in the anticancer activity of simvastatin, which would have potential clinical implications.	Superoxides	126-136	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	160-163
22996620-7	2013	Moreover, a small amount of O2- induced by water extracts from fermented soy milk at low concentration (1 mg mL-1) increased the content of calcium ions and activated eNOS, thereby promoting NO production and the coupling state of eNOS.	Superoxides	28-30	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	167-171
23354121-9	2013	We thus demonstrate for the first time that UCP2, functional due to fatty acids released by redox-activated mt-iPLA2gamma, suppresses mitochondrial superoxide production by its uncoupling action.	Superoxides	148-158	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	44-48
23455484-3	2013	Here lysine mutagenesis of the distal surface (i.e., of exposed residues around the Met80 axial ligand) of human cytochrome c was pursued to evaluate the effect of the surface charges on the reaction rate with the superoxide anion radical and on the redox properties of the heme protein.	Superoxides	214-238	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	113-125
23238663-8	2013	At baseline, a subcohort of T2DM HT and HT alone participants showed evidence of nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-derived superoxide production, indicating defective enzymatic activity.	Superoxides	117-127	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	81-102
23271050-11	2013	LTB4-induced superoxide release was attenuated by TCS 5861528 (56%) and HC-030031 (66%), NAC (58%), SOD (50%), and LY255283 (59%) but not by the leukotriene B4 receptor 1 antagonist U-75302 (9 nmol/site) or SB366791.	Superoxides	13-23	leukotriene B4 receptor 1	Mus musculus	145-170
23465059-0	2013	Low-dose gamma irradiation enhances superoxide anion production by nonirradiated cells through TGF-beta1-dependent bystander signaling.	Superoxides	36-52	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	95-104
23465059-6	2013	A kinetic analysis demonstrated that the enhanced superoxide anion production was substantially reduced before the release of the bystander signal by activated TGF-beta.	Superoxides	50-66	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	160-168
22996620-7	2013	Moreover, a small amount of O2- induced by water extracts from fermented soy milk at low concentration (1 mg mL-1) increased the content of calcium ions and activated eNOS, thereby promoting NO production and the coupling state of eNOS.	Superoxides	28-30	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	231-235
23219873-3	2013	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Sod2) is an antioxidant enzyme that governs steady-state levels of the superoxide in the mitochondrial matrix.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	32-36
23317476-5	2013	Both IRW and IQW exhibited antioxidant effects as shown by reduction of TNF-induced superoxide generation.	Superoxides	84-94	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	72-75
23497312-14	2013	In vitro, enhanced Nox1, RAGE expression as well as the production of intracellular superoxide anions, and reduced expression of Cu/Zn SOD induced by AGEs were attenuated by the anti-RAGE antibody or a ROS inhibitor.	Superoxides	84-101	advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor	Rattus norvegicus	183-187
23313413-1	2013	At optimal NADH concentration (50muM), the complex I-mediated process results in a formation of two superoxide anions and H(2)O(2) as the reaction products in approximately 0.7 ratio.	Superoxides	100-117	latexin	Homo sapiens	33-36
23329142-1	2013	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is the only enzyme that removes superoxide radical in the extracellular space.	Superoxides	76-94	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-42
23200808-3	2013	As the activation of both types of ET-1 receptor (ETA and ETB) leads to increased generation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, this may contribute to the severe oxidative stress found in PH patients.	Superoxides	96-106	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	35-39
23200808-3	2013	As the activation of both types of ET-1 receptor (ETA and ETB) leads to increased generation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, this may contribute to the severe oxidative stress found in PH patients.	Superoxides	96-106	endothelin receptor type B	Homo sapiens	58-61
23314732-3	2013	Here, we show that exogenously applied H(2)O(2) (30-100 microM) induces cell death in TRAIL-resistant human melanoma cells via intracellular superoxide (O(2)-) generation.	Superoxides	141-151	TNF superfamily member 10	Homo sapiens	86-91
23314732-0	2013	Hydrogen peroxide induces cell death in human TRAIL-resistant melanoma             through intracellular superoxide generation.	Superoxides	105-115	TNF superfamily member 10	Homo sapiens	46-51
22881869-4	2013	Superoxide is generated in the narrow space between the ingested organism and the phagosomal membrane and kinetic modeling indicates that it reaches a concentration of around 20 muM.	Superoxides	0-10	latexin	Homo sapiens	178-181
22881869-6	2013	MPO has many substrates, but its main phagosomal reactions should be to dismutate superoxide and, provided adequate chloride, catalyze efficient conversion of hydrogen peroxide to hypochlorous acid (HOCl).	Superoxides	82-92	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	0-3
23118353-9	2013	Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of PDI or its down-regulation by short interfering RNAs prevented NOX activation in microglia and subsequent production of superoxide.	Superoxides	163-173	protein disulfide isomerase family A member 2	Homo sapiens	43-46
23283965-7	2013	Functionally, superoxide flashes in response to hyperosmotic stress participated in the activation of JNK and p38.	Superoxides	14-24	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	102-105
23283965-7	2013	Functionally, superoxide flashes in response to hyperosmotic stress participated in the activation of JNK and p38.	Superoxides	14-24	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	110-113
23314732-3	2013	Here, we show that exogenously applied H(2)O(2) (30-100 microM) induces cell death in TRAIL-resistant human melanoma cells via intracellular superoxide (O(2)-) generation.	Superoxides	43-47	TNF superfamily member 10	Homo sapiens	86-91
23357556-3	2013	The interaction of p47(phox) with protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms (alpha, betaI, betaII, delta and zeta) was attenuated by Fal-002-2 with a similar IC50 value to that required for inhibition of O2( -) generation, whereas Fal-002-2 had no prominent effect on PKC isoform membrane translocation and did not affect the kinase activity.	Superoxides	194-196	NSFL1 cofactor	Rattus norvegicus	19-22
23357556-3	2013	The interaction of p47(phox) with protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms (alpha, betaI, betaII, delta and zeta) was attenuated by Fal-002-2 with a similar IC50 value to that required for inhibition of O2( -) generation, whereas Fal-002-2 had no prominent effect on PKC isoform membrane translocation and did not affect the kinase activity.	Superoxides	194-196	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Rattus norvegicus	23-27
23319734-0	2013	Mitochondrial superoxide generation enhances P2X7R-mediated loss of cell surface CD62L on naive human CD4+ T lymphocytes.	Superoxides	14-24	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	102-105
23328933-5	2013	The generation of superoxide which is dismutated to hydrogen peroxide upregulates the intracellular toll like receptors (TLR) 7 and 8, and leads to robust production of inflammatory cytokines.	Superoxides	18-28	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	121-124
24024135-9	2013	We speculate that the inactivation of EC-SOD by peroxidase activity plays a role in regulating SOD activity in vivo, as even low levels of superoxide will allow for the peroxidase reaction to occur.	Superoxides	139-149	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	38-44
23385237-4	2013	The production of both superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in bone marrow cells was higher in young apoE-/- mice than in age-matched C57 mice, and reactive oxygen species  were increased in aged C57 and apoE-/- mice.	Superoxides	23-33	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	97-101
23195678-2	2013	Our laboratory has demonstrated that manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), a major mitochondrial antioxidant that eliminates superoxide, is inactivated during renal transplantation and renal I/R and precedes development of renal failure.	Superoxides	47-57	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	69-74
23220724-3	2013	We hypothesize that aldosterone enhances O(2)(-) production in the MD mediated by protein kinase C (PKC), which buffers the effect of NO in control of TGF response.	Superoxides	41-45	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	100-103
23220724-9	2013	To determine if PKC is involved in aldosterone-induced O(2)(-) production, we exposed the O(2)(-) cells to a nonselective PKC inhibitor chelerythrine chloride, a specific PKCalpha inhibitor Go6976, or a PKCalpha siRNA, and the aldosterone-induced increase in O(2)(-) production was blocked.	Superoxides	55-62	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	16-19
23220724-9	2013	To determine if PKC is involved in aldosterone-induced O(2)(-) production, we exposed the O(2)(-) cells to a nonselective PKC inhibitor chelerythrine chloride, a specific PKCalpha inhibitor Go6976, or a PKCalpha siRNA, and the aldosterone-induced increase in O(2)(-) production was blocked.	Superoxides	55-59	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	16-19
23220724-10	2013	These data indicate that aldosterone-stimulated O(2)(-) production in the MD buffers the effect of NO in control of TGF response, an effect that was mediated by PKCalpha.	Superoxides	48-52	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	161-169
23276447-1	2013	Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe-OH (fMLP) binds to formyl peptide receptors, FPR1 and FPR2, and evokes migration and superoxide anion production in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	104-120	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-21
23276447-1	2013	Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe-OH (fMLP) binds to formyl peptide receptors, FPR1 and FPR2, and evokes migration and superoxide anion production in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	104-120	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	23-27
23205777-1	2013	Under oxidative stress conditions, mitochondria are the major site for cellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide anion and H2O2 that can attack numerous mitochondrial proteins including dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLDH).	Superoxides	132-148	dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	216-246
23205777-1	2013	Under oxidative stress conditions, mitochondria are the major site for cellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide anion and H2O2 that can attack numerous mitochondrial proteins including dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLDH).	Superoxides	132-148	dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	248-252
23205777-8	2013	Further studies using catalase indicate that it was H2O2 instead of superoxide anion that was responsible for DLDH inactivation.	Superoxides	68-84	dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	110-114
23266544-4	2013	Incubation of isolated carotid arteries from C57BL/6J mice with Ang II overnight increased superoxide  2-fold and reduced vasodilator responses to the endothelium-dependent agonist acetylcholine by  50% versus controls (P&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	91-101	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	64-70
23006546-7	2013	PD1, in nanomolar concentrations, suppressed the chemotaxis induced by CCL11/eotaxin-1 or 5-oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid and modulated the expression of the adhesion molecules CD11b and L-selectin, although it had no effects on the degranulation, superoxide anion generation, or survival of the eosinophils.	Superoxides	244-260	ribosomal protein L17	Homo sapiens	0-3
23114721-7	2013	In the PVN, superoxide anion and angiotensin II levels were increased while SOD1 activity and protein expression were decreased in SHR, which were attenuated by SOD1 overexpression in the PVN.	Superoxides	12-28	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	161-165
23348590-5	2013	Here, we show that RanBP9 induces the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and increase in mitochondrial superoxides associated with decrease in Bcl-2, increase in Bax protein and oligomerization, fragmentation of mitochondria, and cytochrome c release.	Superoxides	109-120	RAN binding protein 9	Homo sapiens	19-25
23332757-4	2013	SOD1 binds a C-terminal degron we identified in Yck1p/Yck2p and promotes kinase stability by catalyzing superoxide conversion to peroxide.	Superoxides	104-114	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
23161879-1	2013	The GTP-binding protein Rac regulates diverse cellular functions including activation of NADPH oxidase, a major source of superoxide production (O(2)( -)).	Superoxides	122-132	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	24-27
23161879-1	2013	The GTP-binding protein Rac regulates diverse cellular functions including activation of NADPH oxidase, a major source of superoxide production (O(2)( -)).	Superoxides	145-149	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	24-27
24024135-1	2013	Superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) controls the level of superoxide in the extracellular space by catalyzing the dismutation of superoxide into hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen.	Superoxides	52-62	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	22-28
24024135-1	2013	Superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) controls the level of superoxide in the extracellular space by catalyzing the dismutation of superoxide into hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen.	Superoxides	123-133	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	22-28
24024135-9	2013	We speculate that the inactivation of EC-SOD by peroxidase activity plays a role in regulating SOD activity in vivo, as even low levels of superoxide will allow for the peroxidase reaction to occur.	Superoxides	139-149	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	41-44
23085029-6	2013	Also, ascorbic acid (500 muM), glutathione (100 muM) and Cu/Zn SOD (100 U/ml) prevented the inhibitory effect of superoxide anion generators on the relaxation to nitrergic stimulation and NO.	Superoxides	113-129	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	57-66
23163230-1	2013	Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) efficiently catalyzes dismutation of superoxide, but its poor delivery to the target sites in the body, such as brain, hinders its use as a therapeutic agent for superoxide-associated disorders.	Superoxides	67-77	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	0-22
23163230-1	2013	Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) efficiently catalyzes dismutation of superoxide, but its poor delivery to the target sites in the body, such as brain, hinders its use as a therapeutic agent for superoxide-associated disorders.	Superoxides	67-77	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	24-28
23163230-1	2013	Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) efficiently catalyzes dismutation of superoxide, but its poor delivery to the target sites in the body, such as brain, hinders its use as a therapeutic agent for superoxide-associated disorders.	Superoxides	192-202	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	0-22
23163230-1	2013	Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) efficiently catalyzes dismutation of superoxide, but its poor delivery to the target sites in the body, such as brain, hinders its use as a therapeutic agent for superoxide-associated disorders.	Superoxides	192-202	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	24-28
23163230-8	2013	The SOD activity in cell lysates and ability to attenuate angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced superoxide in live cells were increased for this conjugate compared to SOD1 and PEG-SOD1.	Superoxides	90-100	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	4-7
23163230-8	2013	The SOD activity in cell lysates and ability to attenuate angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced superoxide in live cells were increased for this conjugate compared to SOD1 and PEG-SOD1.	Superoxides	90-100	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	58-72
23163230-8	2013	The SOD activity in cell lysates and ability to attenuate angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced superoxide in live cells were increased for this conjugate compared to SOD1 and PEG-SOD1.	Superoxides	90-100	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	74-80
23163230-14	2013	Altogether, SOD1-POx conjugates are promising candidates as macromolecular antioxidant therapies for superoxide-associated diseases such as Ang II-induced neurocardiovascular diseases.	Superoxides	101-111	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	12-16
23163230-14	2013	Altogether, SOD1-POx conjugates are promising candidates as macromolecular antioxidant therapies for superoxide-associated diseases such as Ang II-induced neurocardiovascular diseases.	Superoxides	101-111	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	140-146
23085029-12	2013	These results indicate that quercetin has antioxidant effect and protects NO from endogenous superoxide anion-driven inactivation and enhances its biological activity, suggesting that quercetin may scavenge superoxide anion in a Cu/Zn SOD, glutathione or ascorbic acid-inhibitable manner.	Superoxides	93-109	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	229-238
23085029-12	2013	These results indicate that quercetin has antioxidant effect and protects NO from endogenous superoxide anion-driven inactivation and enhances its biological activity, suggesting that quercetin may scavenge superoxide anion in a Cu/Zn SOD, glutathione or ascorbic acid-inhibitable manner.	Superoxides	207-223	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	229-238
23245897-0	2013	A novel amperometric biosensor for superoxide anion based on superoxide dismutase immobilized on gold nanoparticle-chitosan-ionic liquid biocomposite film.	Superoxides	35-51	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	61-81
23245897-1	2013	A novel superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) biosensor is proposed based on the immobilization of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD) in a gold nanoparticle-chitosan-ionic liquid (GNPs-CS-IL) biocomposite film.	Superoxides	8-24	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	100-120
23245897-1	2013	A novel superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) biosensor is proposed based on the immobilization of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD) in a gold nanoparticle-chitosan-ionic liquid (GNPs-CS-IL) biocomposite film.	Superoxides	8-24	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	122-125
23245897-1	2013	A novel superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) biosensor is proposed based on the immobilization of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD) in a gold nanoparticle-chitosan-ionic liquid (GNPs-CS-IL) biocomposite film.	Superoxides	26-31	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	100-120
23245897-1	2013	A novel superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) biosensor is proposed based on the immobilization of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD) in a gold nanoparticle-chitosan-ionic liquid (GNPs-CS-IL) biocomposite film.	Superoxides	26-31	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	122-125
23245897-8	2013	Based on the biomolecule recognition of the specific reactivity of SOD toward O(2)(-), the developed biosensor exhibited a fast amperometric response (&lt;5s), wide linear range (5.6-2.7x10(3)nM), low detection limit (1.7nM), and excellent selectivity for the real-time measurement of O(2)(-).	Superoxides	78-82	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	67-70
23316476-5	2012	For example overexpression of Bcl-2 has been shown to contribute to a pro-oxidant intracellular milieu and down-regulation of cellular superoxide levels enhanced death sensitivity of Bcl-2 overexpressing cells.	Superoxides	135-145	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	30-35
23316476-5	2012	For example overexpression of Bcl-2 has been shown to contribute to a pro-oxidant intracellular milieu and down-regulation of cellular superoxide levels enhanced death sensitivity of Bcl-2 overexpressing cells.	Superoxides	135-145	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	183-188
23086992-3	2013	ANG II, which is elevated in hypertension, has been reported to trigger the production of superoxide and other reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	90-100	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
23103499-8	2013	However, isolated Pkd2 heterozygous VSM cells displayed basal increases in superoxide and sodium nitroprusside-stimulated peroxynitrite formation, which were both suppressed by rosiglitazone.	Superoxides	75-85	polycystin 2, transient receptor potential cation channel	Homo sapiens	18-22
24351550-7	2013	Excess CHOP expression, by itself, induced superoxide production and apoptosis.	Superoxides	43-53	DNA damage inducible transcript 3	Homo sapiens	7-11
23212557-9	2013	In vivo CTRP9 administration to diabetic mice significantly attenuated NADPH oxidase expression and superoxide generation, reduced infarct size, and improved cardiac function.	Superoxides	100-110	C1q and tumor necrosis factor related protein 9	Mus musculus	8-13
23811556-3	2013	In vitro, a variety of aconitase-inhibitors, such as fluorocitrate, cyanide ion, ferricyanide ([Fe(CN)6]), and various oxidants including superoxide anion, inhibited the activity of m-aconitase even in the presence of Fe(II), whereas a NO-donor, nitroprusside (SNP) ([Fe(CN)5NO]), was the only agent that significantly increased activity of that enzyme.	Superoxides	138-154	aconitase 2	Homo sapiens	182-193
23103160-6	2013	In addition, we found that, mimicking SOD, Au NPs efficiently catalyze the decomposition of superoxide.	Superoxides	92-102	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	38-41
24489577-8	2013	Compared to spontaneous release, superoxide release was stimulated by IFN- gamma and TGF- beta in normoglycemic and diabetic groups.	Superoxides	33-43	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	70-80
24161906-6	2013	In cultured cardiofibroblasts, exposure to AngII (100 nmol/L) for 30 min resulted in marked increases in superoxide production and expression of CTGF, FKN and phosphorylated ERK1/2, which were strikingly prevented by recombinant human ACE2 (rhACE2; 1mg/ml) and the CTGF-neutralizing antibody (5 mug/ml), but were aggravated by ACE2 inhibitor DX600 (0.5 mumol/L).	Superoxides	105-115	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	43-48
24489577-8	2013	Compared to spontaneous release, superoxide release was stimulated by IFN- gamma and TGF- beta in normoglycemic and diabetic groups.	Superoxides	33-43	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	85-94
23478273-1	2013	BACKGROUND: Superoxide dismutase (SOD), an antioxidant acting against superoxide (oxygen radical, O(2)( -)), it is released in inflammatory pathways and causes connective tissue breakdown.	Superoxides	70-80	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	12-32
23865358-7	2013	IMD also significantly inhibited ET1-induced increases in cardiomyocyte size and superoxide generation.	Superoxides	81-91	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	33-36
23165113-5	2013	Ang II also activates the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) additively to aldosterone, and this effect appears to be mediated through protein kinase C and superoxide generation by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase.	Superoxides	154-164	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-6
23751520-0	2013	Nox4-generated superoxide drives angiotensin II-induced neural stem cell proliferation.	Superoxides	15-25	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	33-47
23751520-7	2013	SiRNA targeting of Nox4 mRNA reduced both the constitutive and Ang II-induced Nox4 protein levels and attenuated Ang II-driven increases in superoxide levels and stem cell proliferation.	Superoxides	140-150	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	113-119
23751520-8	2013	Our findings are consistent with our hypothesis that Ang II-induced proliferation of neural stem cells occurs via Nox4-generated superoxide, suggesting that an Ang II/Nox4 axis is an important regulator of neural stem cell self-renewal and as such may fine-tune normal, stress- or disease-modifying neurogenesis.	Superoxides	129-139	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	53-59
23751520-8	2013	Our findings are consistent with our hypothesis that Ang II-induced proliferation of neural stem cells occurs via Nox4-generated superoxide, suggesting that an Ang II/Nox4 axis is an important regulator of neural stem cell self-renewal and as such may fine-tune normal, stress- or disease-modifying neurogenesis.	Superoxides	129-139	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	160-166
23478273-1	2013	BACKGROUND: Superoxide dismutase (SOD), an antioxidant acting against superoxide (oxygen radical, O(2)( -)), it is released in inflammatory pathways and causes connective tissue breakdown.	Superoxides	98-102	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	34-37
22750422-3	2013	In Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats, Ang II infusion (0.1 mug min(-1) kg(-1)) induced a pressor response, activation of NADPH oxidase and generation of superoxide in the heart, kidney and blood vessels; these effects were significantly blunted by recombinant human ACE2 (rhACE2; 2 mg kg(-1)), in association with a lowering of plasma Ang II and elevation of Ang-(1-7) levels.	Superoxides	143-153	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	28-34
23059458-0	2013	Up-regulation of heme oxygenase-1 attenuates brain damage after cerebral ischemia via simultaneous inhibition of superoxide production and preservation of NO bioavailability.	Superoxides	113-123	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	17-33
23441482-6	2013	An increased ability to release superoxide anion by the studied PMNs was observed, which decreased after ERK1/2 pathway inhibition.	Superoxides	32-48	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	105-111
23921602-3	2013	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is the first-line and only antioxidant enzyme that converts superoxide to hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	87-97	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
23921602-3	2013	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is the first-line and only antioxidant enzyme that converts superoxide to hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	87-97	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
23478273-1	2013	BACKGROUND: Superoxide dismutase (SOD), an antioxidant acting against superoxide (oxygen radical, O(2)( -)), it is released in inflammatory pathways and causes connective tissue breakdown.	Superoxides	70-80	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	34-37
23478273-1	2013	BACKGROUND: Superoxide dismutase (SOD), an antioxidant acting against superoxide (oxygen radical, O(2)( -)), it is released in inflammatory pathways and causes connective tissue breakdown.	Superoxides	98-102	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	12-32
22417122-2	2013	All compounds showed inhibitory effect on fMLP-induced superoxide generation in a concentration-dependent manner with the following order: BM&gt;LA&gt;GE.	Superoxides	55-65	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	42-46
23800993-9	2013	These results suggest that superoxide production, NHE-1 activation, and intracellular alkalization were early features prior to apoptosis in Ang II-treated mouse podocytes, and may offer new insights into the mechanisms responsible for Ang II-induced podocyte injury.	Superoxides	27-37	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	141-147
23800993-9	2013	These results suggest that superoxide production, NHE-1 activation, and intracellular alkalization were early features prior to apoptosis in Ang II-treated mouse podocytes, and may offer new insights into the mechanisms responsible for Ang II-induced podocyte injury.	Superoxides	27-37	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	236-242
23106228-7	2013	pft1 mutants showed perturbed H(2)O(2) and superoxide (O(2)( -)) distribution, suggesting that PFT1 is essential to maintain redox homeostasis in the root.	Superoxides	43-53	phytochrome and flowering time regulatory protein (PFT1)	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-4
23106228-7	2013	pft1 mutants showed perturbed H(2)O(2) and superoxide (O(2)( -)) distribution, suggesting that PFT1 is essential to maintain redox homeostasis in the root.	Superoxides	43-53	phytochrome and flowering time regulatory protein (PFT1)	Arabidopsis thaliana	95-99
23106228-7	2013	pft1 mutants showed perturbed H(2)O(2) and superoxide (O(2)( -)) distribution, suggesting that PFT1 is essential to maintain redox homeostasis in the root.	Superoxides	34-38	phytochrome and flowering time regulatory protein (PFT1)	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-4
24396568-4	2013	TNF-alpha increased the levels of superoxide, Nox (nitrate and nitrite), malondialdehyde, and nitrotyrosine production, accompanied by increased protein expression of p-PKC-beta2, gP91phox, and endothelial cell apoptosis, whereas all these changes were further enhanced by nitroglycerine.	Superoxides	34-44	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-9
23160901-17	2013	Down-regulation of the PPARgamma-signaling pathway may lead to increased superoxide production, resulting in pulmonary vascular dysfunction and contributing to pulmonary hypertension in the nitrofen-induced CDH model.	Superoxides	73-83	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	23-32
22871094-3	2013	The aim of our study was to explain the effect of superoxide anion radicals ([Formula: see text]) production on hemostatic properties of blood platelets (activated by a strong physiological agonist - thrombin) from breast cancer patients before the surgery, after the surgery, and after various phases (I-IV) of chemotherapy (doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide).	Superoxides	50-75	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	200-208
23472139-6	2013	The AGEs-stimulated Akt activation was blocked by a PI3-kinase inhibitor LY 294002, Src inhibitor PP2, an antioxidant NAC, superoxide scavenger Tiron, or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAD(P)H) oxidase inhibitor DPI, suggesting the involvement of Src and NAD(P)H oxidase in the activation of PI3-kinase-Akt pathway by AGEs.	Superoxides	123-133	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	20-23
23222364-6	2013	Superoxide anion generation was determined, using the cytochrome c reduction assay.	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	54-66
22993073-6	2012	Because Src is a vasculopathic signaling species upstream and downstream of superoxide anion, such expression was evaluated; expression of Src and phosphorylated Src was both markedly increased in the AVF.	Superoxides	76-92	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	8-11
22993073-6	2012	Because Src is a vasculopathic signaling species upstream and downstream of superoxide anion, such expression was evaluated; expression of Src and phosphorylated Src was both markedly increased in the AVF.	Superoxides	76-92	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	139-142
22993073-6	2012	Because Src is a vasculopathic signaling species upstream and downstream of superoxide anion, such expression was evaluated; expression of Src and phosphorylated Src was both markedly increased in the AVF.	Superoxides	76-92	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	139-142
23235461-4	2012	AUL12 inhibits the respiratory complex I and causes a rapid burst of mitochondrial superoxide levels, leading to activation of the mitochondrial fraction of GSK-3alpha/beta and to the ensuing phosphorylation of the mitochondrial chaperone cyclophilin D, which in turn facilitates PTP opening.	Superoxides	83-93	peptidylprolyl isomerase F	Homo sapiens	239-252
23087362-3	2012	METHODS AND RESULTS: Nanomolar concentrations of TSP1 found in human vascular disease robustly stimulated superoxide (O(2)( -)) levels in vascular smooth muscle cells at both cellular and tissue level as measured by cytochrome c and electron paramagnetic resonance.	Superoxides	106-116	thrombospondin 1	Homo sapiens	49-53
23026387-7	2012	The addition of exogenous CAT and SOD significantly protected the capacity for glucose uptake and respiration, suggesting that superoxide and H(2)O(2) are involved in the impairment of activity during UV-B exposure.	Superoxides	127-137	catalase	Homo sapiens	26-29
23026387-7	2012	The addition of exogenous CAT and SOD significantly protected the capacity for glucose uptake and respiration, suggesting that superoxide and H(2)O(2) are involved in the impairment of activity during UV-B exposure.	Superoxides	127-137	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	34-37
23087362-3	2012	METHODS AND RESULTS: Nanomolar concentrations of TSP1 found in human vascular disease robustly stimulated superoxide (O(2)( -)) levels in vascular smooth muscle cells at both cellular and tissue level as measured by cytochrome c and electron paramagnetic resonance.	Superoxides	118-122	thrombospondin 1	Homo sapiens	49-53
22923475-3	2012	Diabetes-induced capillary degeneration, proinflammatory changes, and superoxide production in the retina and allodynia were inhibited in diabetic animals in which iNOS or PARP1 was deleted from bone marrow cells only.	Superoxides	70-80	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	164-168
22632894-8	2012	The present results demonstrate that deficiency of SOD1, but not SOD3, increases renal superoxide in the setting of diabetes and causes overt renal injury in nephropathy-resistant diabetic mice, and that SOD3 deficiency does not provide additive effects on the severity of DN in SOD1-deficient C57BL/6-Akita mice.	Superoxides	87-97	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	51-55
22933517-2	2012	Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) plays a pivotal role in antioxidation by scavenging the superoxide anion, and its deficiency causes infertility in female mice, but the significance of the enzyme in male mice remains unclear.	Superoxides	86-102	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	0-22
22933517-2	2012	Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) plays a pivotal role in antioxidation by scavenging the superoxide anion, and its deficiency causes infertility in female mice, but the significance of the enzyme in male mice remains unclear.	Superoxides	86-102	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	24-28
22758933-10	2012	Exposure to superoxide increases expression of SOD2 in an Akt-dependent manner and regulates CPC survival during oxidative stress.	Superoxides	12-22	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	58-61
23000059-0	2012	Estrogen receptor potentiates mTORC2 signaling in breast cancer cells by upregulating superoxide anions.	Superoxides	86-103	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-17
23000059-5	2012	We examined a panel of human breast cancer specimens and found that ER-positive breast cancer specimens exhibited a higher incidence of augmented O(2)( -) levels compared to matched normal tissue.	Superoxides	146-150	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	68-70
23000059-8	2012	Detailed investigations using in vitro experiments established that 17beta-estradiol (E2)-stimulated breast cancer cells exhibited transiently upregulated O(2)( -) levels, with the presence of ER being a crucial determinant for the phenomenon to take place.	Superoxides	155-159	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	193-195
23000059-9	2012	Gene expression, ER transactivation, and confocal studies revealed that the E2-induced transient O(2)( -) upregulation was effected by ER through a nongenomic pathway possibly involving mitochondria.	Superoxides	97-102	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	17-19
23000059-9	2012	Gene expression, ER transactivation, and confocal studies revealed that the E2-induced transient O(2)( -) upregulation was effected by ER through a nongenomic pathway possibly involving mitochondria.	Superoxides	97-102	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	135-137
23000059-12	2012	Taken together, our findings unravel a novel nongenomic pathway unique to estrogen-responsive breast cancer cells wherein, upon stimulation by E2, ER may regulate mTORC2 activity in a redox-dependent manner by transiently modulating O(2)( -) levels particularly within mitochondria.	Superoxides	233-237	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	147-149
22940494-2	2012	Using mouse embryonic fibroblasts in which the expression of PTEN was knocked out, we show that a decrease in intracellular superoxide anion resulted in a rapid dephosphorylation of Akt at Thr308 followed by Ser473.	Superoxides	124-140	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Mus musculus	61-65
22940494-2	2012	Using mouse embryonic fibroblasts in which the expression of PTEN was knocked out, we show that a decrease in intracellular superoxide anion resulted in a rapid dephosphorylation of Akt at Thr308 followed by Ser473.	Superoxides	124-140	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	182-185
22612323-6	2012	CONCLUSIONS: It could be suggested that increased oxidative stress and VEGF contribute to enhance the impairment of placental perfusion by increasing peroxynitrite formation, product of the NO and superoxide reaction, thereby partly contributing to account for the pathophysiology of this disease.	Superoxides	197-207	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	71-75
22750392-5	2012	GLP-1 completely blocked the angiotensin II-induced superoxide generation, NF-kappaB activation, up-regulation of mRNA levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in mesangial cells, all of which were prevented by the treatments with H-89, an inhibitor of protein kinase A.	Superoxides	52-62	glucagon	Homo sapiens	0-5
22750392-5	2012	GLP-1 completely blocked the angiotensin II-induced superoxide generation, NF-kappaB activation, up-regulation of mRNA levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in mesangial cells, all of which were prevented by the treatments with H-89, an inhibitor of protein kinase A.	Superoxides	52-62	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	29-43
22750392-6	2012	The present results demonstrated for the first time that GLP-1 blocked the angiotensin II-induced mesangial cell injury by inhibiting superoxide-mediated NF-kappaB activation via protein kinase C pathway.	Superoxides	134-144	glucagon	Homo sapiens	57-62
22750392-6	2012	The present results demonstrated for the first time that GLP-1 blocked the angiotensin II-induced mesangial cell injury by inhibiting superoxide-mediated NF-kappaB activation via protein kinase C pathway.	Superoxides	134-144	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	75-89
24567847-0	2013	Angiotensin II-Superoxide Signaling and Arterial Baroreceptor Function in Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus.	Superoxides	15-25	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
24567847-7	2013	The alterations of the HCN channels are regulated by angiotensin II-NADPH oxidase-superoxide signaling in the aortic baroreceptor neurons.	Superoxides	82-92	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	53-67
23001375-0	2012	Enhanced phosphoinositide 3-kinase(p110alpha) activity prevents diabetes-induced cardiomyopathy and superoxide generation in a mouse model of diabetes.	Superoxides	100-110	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha	Mus musculus	35-44
23001375-9	2012	Protection in diabetic caPI3K mice was associated with attenuation of left ventricular superoxide generation, attenuated Anp, Bnp, PKCbeta2, Ask1 and p22                   (                     phox                   ) expression, and elevated AKT.	Superoxides	87-97	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha	Mus musculus	23-29
23001375-10	2012	Further, in cardiomyocyte-like cells, increased PI3K(p110alpha) activity suppressed high glucose-induced superoxide generation and enhanced mitochondrial function.	Superoxides	105-115	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha	Mus musculus	53-62
22998079-3	2012	Studies have shown superoxide dismutase (SOD) plays an important role in reduction of O(2)( -) and ONOO(-) during eNOS uncoupling.	Superoxides	86-90	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	41-44
22632894-1	2012	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a major defender against excessive superoxide generated under hyperglycemia.	Superoxides	65-75	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	22-25
22632894-4	2012	Increased glomerular superoxide levels were observed in SOD1(-/-)SOD3(+/+) and SOD1(-/-)SOD3(-/-) C57BL/6-Akita mice but not in SOD1(+/+)SOD3(-/-) C57BL/6-Akita mice.	Superoxides	21-31	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	56-60
22632894-4	2012	Increased glomerular superoxide levels were observed in SOD1(-/-)SOD3(+/+) and SOD1(-/-)SOD3(-/-) C57BL/6-Akita mice but not in SOD1(+/+)SOD3(-/-) C57BL/6-Akita mice.	Superoxides	21-31	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	79-83
22632894-4	2012	Increased glomerular superoxide levels were observed in SOD1(-/-)SOD3(+/+) and SOD1(-/-)SOD3(-/-) C57BL/6-Akita mice but not in SOD1(+/+)SOD3(-/-) C57BL/6-Akita mice.	Superoxides	21-31	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	79-83
23068098-0	2012	Guanosine diphosphate exerts a lower effect on superoxide release from mitochondrial matrix in the brains of uncoupling protein-2 knockout mice: new evidence for a putative novel function of uncoupling proteins as superoxide anion transporters.	Superoxides	47-57	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	109-129
23068098-1	2012	In this report, we show new experimental evidence that, in mouse brain mitochondria, uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) can be involved in superoxide (O(2)( -)) removal from the mitochondrial matrix.	Superoxides	132-142	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	85-105
23068098-1	2012	In this report, we show new experimental evidence that, in mouse brain mitochondria, uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) can be involved in superoxide (O(2)( -)) removal from the mitochondrial matrix.	Superoxides	132-142	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	107-111
23068098-1	2012	In this report, we show new experimental evidence that, in mouse brain mitochondria, uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) can be involved in superoxide (O(2)( -)) removal from the mitochondrial matrix.	Superoxides	144-148	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	85-105
23068098-1	2012	In this report, we show new experimental evidence that, in mouse brain mitochondria, uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) can be involved in superoxide (O(2)( -)) removal from the mitochondrial matrix.	Superoxides	144-148	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	107-111
22982594-6	2012	Attenuation of L-NAME-inhibitable superoxide anion levels by GW501516 demonstrated that activation of PPARdelta might prevent uncoupling of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS, P&lt;0.05, n=6-9).	Superoxides	34-50	peroxisome proliferator activator receptor delta	Mus musculus	102-111
22964577-11	2012	In summary, our data show that the superoxide-hydrogen peroxide-DNA breakage pathway activates the PAR cycle by PARP-1 and PARG, which serves as a survival mechanism in CSE-exposed cells.	Superoxides	35-45	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	112-118
22964577-11	2012	In summary, our data show that the superoxide-hydrogen peroxide-DNA breakage pathway activates the PAR cycle by PARP-1 and PARG, which serves as a survival mechanism in CSE-exposed cells.	Superoxides	35-45	poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase	Homo sapiens	123-127
22361333-1	2012	Nitric oxide synthase enzyme (NOS) possesses the unique ability to be "uncoupled" to produce superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) instead of nitric oxide (NO).	Superoxides	93-109	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	0-28
22361333-1	2012	Nitric oxide synthase enzyme (NOS) possesses the unique ability to be "uncoupled" to produce superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) instead of nitric oxide (NO).	Superoxides	111-115	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	0-28
23102218-3	2012	We have conjugated a mitochondria-targeting triphenylphosphonium (TPP) cation to a O(2)( -)-selective pentaaza macrocyclic Mn(II) superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic to make MitoSOD, a mitochondria-targeted SOD mimetic.	Superoxides	83-88	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	152-155
23102218-3	2012	We have conjugated a mitochondria-targeting triphenylphosphonium (TPP) cation to a O(2)( -)-selective pentaaza macrocyclic Mn(II) superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic to make MitoSOD, a mitochondria-targeted SOD mimetic.	Superoxides	83-88	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	177-180
23102218-8	2012	MitoSOD is an effective mitochondria-targeted macrocyclic SOD mimetic that selectively protects mitochondria from O(2)( -) damage.	Superoxides	114-118	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	4-7
23079185-9	2012	In human endothelial cells, TNFalpha induced superoxide production, p-selectin, tissue factor and PAI-1, and suppressed thrombomodulin, resulting in an accelerated endothelial dependent blood clotting in vitro.	Superoxides	45-55	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	28-36
22749807-5	2012	Catalase activity was up regulated on treatment with superoxide (O2-) scavengers such as pegylated SOD (PEG-SOD, indicating inhibition of catalase by the increased O2- produced by HBC cells.	Superoxides	53-63	catalase	Homo sapiens	0-8
22749807-5	2012	Catalase activity was up regulated on treatment with superoxide (O2-) scavengers such as pegylated SOD (PEG-SOD, indicating inhibition of catalase by the increased O2- produced by HBC cells.	Superoxides	53-63	catalase	Homo sapiens	138-146
22749807-5	2012	Catalase activity was up regulated on treatment with superoxide (O2-) scavengers such as pegylated SOD (PEG-SOD, indicating inhibition of catalase by the increased O2- produced by HBC cells.	Superoxides	65-67	catalase	Homo sapiens	0-8
22749807-5	2012	Catalase activity was up regulated on treatment with superoxide (O2-) scavengers such as pegylated SOD (PEG-SOD, indicating inhibition of catalase by the increased O2- produced by HBC cells.	Superoxides	65-67	catalase	Homo sapiens	138-146
22749807-5	2012	Catalase activity was up regulated on treatment with superoxide (O2-) scavengers such as pegylated SOD (PEG-SOD, indicating inhibition of catalase by the increased O2- produced by HBC cells.	Superoxides	164-166	catalase	Homo sapiens	0-8
22749807-5	2012	Catalase activity was up regulated on treatment with superoxide (O2-) scavengers such as pegylated SOD (PEG-SOD, indicating inhibition of catalase by the increased O2- produced by HBC cells.	Superoxides	164-166	catalase	Homo sapiens	138-146
22483692-0	2012	Endothelin-1 increases superoxide production in human coronary artery bypass grafts.	Superoxides	23-33	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	0-12
22483692-1	2012	AIMS: Endothelin-1 (ET-1) has been shown to increase endothelial superoxide (O(2)(-)) production in experimental animal models.	Superoxides	65-75	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	6-18
22483692-1	2012	AIMS: Endothelin-1 (ET-1) has been shown to increase endothelial superoxide (O(2)(-)) production in experimental animal models.	Superoxides	65-75	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	20-24
22483692-1	2012	AIMS: Endothelin-1 (ET-1) has been shown to increase endothelial superoxide (O(2)(-)) production in experimental animal models.	Superoxides	77-81	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	6-18
22483692-1	2012	AIMS: Endothelin-1 (ET-1) has been shown to increase endothelial superoxide (O(2)(-)) production in experimental animal models.	Superoxides	77-81	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	20-24
22483692-3	2012	We sought to elucidate whether ET-1 increases O(2)(-) production in human vessels and to identify the mechanism behind this effect.	Superoxides	46-53	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	31-35
22483692-7	2012	The increase in O(2)(-)production induced by ET-1 in IMA was inhibited by co-incubation with dual BQ (p &lt; 0.05; n=15) and BQ123 (p&lt;0.05; n = 17).	Superoxides	16-20	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	45-49
22483692-9	2012	SIGNIFICANCE: ET-1 increases O(2)(-) production especially in human arteries and less so in veins from patients with coronary artery disease via a receptor-dependent pathway involving a flavin dependent enzyme which is likely to be NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	29-33	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	14-18
22483692-10	2012	Production of O(2)(-) may be an important factor underlying the negative effects of ET-1 on vascular function such as impairment of endothelium-dependent vasodilatation and pro-inflammatory effects.	Superoxides	14-18	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	84-88
22906494-11	2012	The data suggest that the mechanism of menadione-induced JNK activation involves the production of reactive oxygen species, likely superoxide anion, and intracellular GSH levels play an important role in preventing GSTA1-JNK complex dissociation, subsequent JNK activation and induction of cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	131-147	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	57-60
22875785-1	2012	Angiotensin II (ANG II) stimulates production of superoxide (O(2)(-)) by NADPH oxidase (NOX) in medullary thick ascending limbs (TALs).	Superoxides	49-59	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	16-22
22875785-1	2012	Angiotensin II (ANG II) stimulates production of superoxide (O(2)(-)) by NADPH oxidase (NOX) in medullary thick ascending limbs (TALs).	Superoxides	61-65	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	16-22
22280420-9	2012	Role of cytokines such as TNF-alpha, IL-17 or IL-6 and their links to superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production are discussed.	Superoxides	70-80	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	46-50
22926288-9	2012	We have previously shown, in a model of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, that PRP/NP affects activities of superoxide dismutase and NF-kappaB.	Superoxides	116-126	prion protein	Homo sapiens	87-93
22846601-8	2012	SOD must favor reduction of oxygen by the INH radical to give superoxide and ultimately hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	62-72	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
22459774-2	2012	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) catalyses the dismutation of superoxide anion to hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	56-72	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
22459774-10	2012	PC-SOD suppressed the bleomycin-induced pulmonary inflammatory response and production of superoxide anions in the lung more effectively than pirfenidone.	Superoxides	90-107	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
22380651-9	2012	The O(2) (-) production was stimulated with phorbol-12-13-dibutyrate and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) and measured by superoxide dismutase inhibitable reduction of ferricytochrome c. RESULTS: Aliphatic alcohols of illegally produced spirits inhibited the FMLP-induced O(2) (-) production in a concentration dependent manner.	Superoxides	4-12	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	114-118
22380651-9	2012	The O(2) (-) production was stimulated with phorbol-12-13-dibutyrate and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) and measured by superoxide dismutase inhibitable reduction of ferricytochrome c. RESULTS: Aliphatic alcohols of illegally produced spirits inhibited the FMLP-induced O(2) (-) production in a concentration dependent manner.	Superoxides	4-12	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	273-277
22380651-11	2012	DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Aliphatic alcohols found in illegally produced spirits can inhibit FMLP-induced O(2) (-) production by granulocytes in a concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	107-115	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	94-98
22435601-1	2012	To investigate whether chronic alcohol consumption induces vascular injury via angiotensin II (Ang II) type 1 (AT1) receptor-dependent superoxide generation, male transgenic mice with knockout of AT1 gene (AT1-KO) and age-matched wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice were pair-fed a modified Lieber-DeCarli alcohol or isocaloric maltose dextrin control liquid diet for 2 months.	Superoxides	135-145	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	95-101
22435601-1	2012	To investigate whether chronic alcohol consumption induces vascular injury via angiotensin II (Ang II) type 1 (AT1) receptor-dependent superoxide generation, male transgenic mice with knockout of AT1 gene (AT1-KO) and age-matched wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice were pair-fed a modified Lieber-DeCarli alcohol or isocaloric maltose dextrin control liquid diet for 2 months.	Superoxides	135-145	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Mus musculus	111-114
22435601-7	2012	These results suggest that chronic alcohol consumption may activate NOX via Ang II/AT1 receptor, to generate superoxide and associated peroxynitrite that in turn causes aortic nitrosative damage, inflammation, cell death and proliferation, and remodelling.	Superoxides	109-119	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	76-82
22435601-7	2012	These results suggest that chronic alcohol consumption may activate NOX via Ang II/AT1 receptor, to generate superoxide and associated peroxynitrite that in turn causes aortic nitrosative damage, inflammation, cell death and proliferation, and remodelling.	Superoxides	109-119	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Mus musculus	83-86
22687340-1	2012	BACKGROUND &amp; AIMS: Steatohepatitis (SH) is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and excessive production of superoxide, which can then be converted into H(2)O(2) by SOD2.	Superoxides	117-127	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	174-178
22687340-4	2012	RESULTS: In isolated mitochondria and primary hepatocytes, superoxide scavenging by SOD mimetics or purified SOD decreased superoxide and peroxynitrite generation but increased H(2)O(2) following mGSH depletion, despite mitochondrial peroxiredoxin/thioredoxin defense.	Superoxides	59-69	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	84-87
22687340-4	2012	RESULTS: In isolated mitochondria and primary hepatocytes, superoxide scavenging by SOD mimetics or purified SOD decreased superoxide and peroxynitrite generation but increased H(2)O(2) following mGSH depletion, despite mitochondrial peroxiredoxin/thioredoxin defense.	Superoxides	59-69	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	109-112
22687340-4	2012	RESULTS: In isolated mitochondria and primary hepatocytes, superoxide scavenging by SOD mimetics or purified SOD decreased superoxide and peroxynitrite generation but increased H(2)O(2) following mGSH depletion, despite mitochondrial peroxiredoxin/thioredoxin defense.	Superoxides	123-133	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	84-87
22687340-4	2012	RESULTS: In isolated mitochondria and primary hepatocytes, superoxide scavenging by SOD mimetics or purified SOD decreased superoxide and peroxynitrite generation but increased H(2)O(2) following mGSH depletion, despite mitochondrial peroxiredoxin/thioredoxin defense.	Superoxides	123-133	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	109-112
22687340-7	2012	As a proof-of-principle of the detrimental role of superoxide scavenging when mGSH was depleted transgenic mice overexpressing SOD2 exhibited enhanced susceptibility to MCD-mediated SH.	Superoxides	51-61	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	127-131
23073791-7	2012	In vitro superoxide generation in HAECs was detected by DHE staining after administration of TNF-alpha.	Superoxides	9-19	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	93-102
23073791-10	2012	In vitro TNF-alpha increased superoxide production and p47(phox) expression in HAECs, and such increases could be ameliorated by the specific PKC-zeta inhibitor.	Superoxides	29-39	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	9-18
23073791-11	2012	Our findings suggest that superoxide over-production triggered by PKC-zeta-dependent NADPH oxidase activation contributes to TNF-alpha-induced endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	26-36	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	125-134
22823229-2	2012	We have previously reported that transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1) released by hippocampal cells modulates interferon-gamma (IFNgamma)-induced production of O(2) (-) and NO  by glial cells.	Superoxides	167-171	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	33-65
22823229-2	2012	We have previously reported that transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1) released by hippocampal cells modulates interferon-gamma (IFNgamma)-induced production of O(2) (-) and NO  by glial cells.	Superoxides	167-171	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	67-75
22823229-2	2012	We have previously reported that transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1) released by hippocampal cells modulates interferon-gamma (IFNgamma)-induced production of O(2) (-) and NO  by glial cells.	Superoxides	167-171	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	117-133
22823229-2	2012	We have previously reported that transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1) released by hippocampal cells modulates interferon-gamma (IFNgamma)-induced production of O(2) (-) and NO  by glial cells.	Superoxides	167-171	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	135-143
22823229-4	2012	We found that costimulation with TGFbeta1 decreased IFNgamma-induced phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-type-1 (STAT1) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), which correlated with a reduced O(2) (-) and NO  production in mixed and purified glial cultures.	Superoxides	233-237	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	33-41
22823229-4	2012	We found that costimulation with TGFbeta1 decreased IFNgamma-induced phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-type-1 (STAT1) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), which correlated with a reduced O(2) (-) and NO  production in mixed and purified glial cultures.	Superoxides	233-237	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	52-60
22823229-4	2012	We found that costimulation with TGFbeta1 decreased IFNgamma-induced phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-type-1 (STAT1) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), which correlated with a reduced O(2) (-) and NO  production in mixed and purified glial cultures.	Superoxides	233-237	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	195-198
22622498-6	2012	AOPPs-induced activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and the excessive generation of intracellular superoxide were largely inhibited by anti-RAGE immunoglobulin G or RAGE siRNA.	Superoxides	126-136	advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor	Mus musculus	168-172
22622498-6	2012	AOPPs-induced activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and the excessive generation of intracellular superoxide were largely inhibited by anti-RAGE immunoglobulin G or RAGE siRNA.	Superoxides	126-136	advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor	Mus musculus	193-197
22227007-4	2012	The formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), the first ligand of RAGE identified, requires a complex series of reactions including nonenzymatic glycation and free radical reactions involving superoxide-radicals and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	203-222	advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor	Mus musculus	77-81
22835814-13	2012	SOA formation in the presence of Ang II was also inhibited in the presence of SOD (superoxide scavenger), DPI (NADPH inhibitor) and losartan (specific AT(1) receptor antagonist).	Superoxides	83-93	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	33-39
22836756-4	2012	We found that miR-21 inhibited the metabolism of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide, produced either by endogenous basal activities or exposure to ionizing radiation (IR), by directing attenuating SOD3 or by an indirect mechanism that limited TNFa production, thereby reducing SOD2 levels.	Superoxides	49-59	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	194-198
22835814-0	2012	Apocynum venetum leaf extract, an antihypertensive herb, inhibits rat aortic contraction induced by angiotensin II: a nitric oxide and superoxide connection.	Superoxides	135-145	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	100-114
22836756-4	2012	We found that miR-21 inhibited the metabolism of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide, produced either by endogenous basal activities or exposure to ionizing radiation (IR), by directing attenuating SOD3 or by an indirect mechanism that limited TNFa production, thereby reducing SOD2 levels.	Superoxides	49-59	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	240-244
22829592-8	2012	These results demonstrate that Fe(2+)-generated O(2)() mediates p21(ras) and TAK1 activation via PTP inhibition and Lys(63)-polyUb of TRAF6 in caveosomes for proinflammatory M1 activation in HM.	Superoxides	48-52	protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 1	Rattus norvegicus	97-100
22441669-4	2012	Superoxide is potentially damaging, but also triggers mitochondrial cytochrome c release.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	68-80
22333037-9	2012	Endothelial nitric oxide synthase may produce both superoxide anion (( )O(2)(-)) and nitric oxide (NO) leading to peroxynitrite (( )ONOO(-)) generation.	Superoxides	51-67	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	0-33
22580158-8	2012	We have found that exposure to PCB quinones leads to: (1) a decrease in cell viability; (2) an increase in both the total ROS production and superoxide production; (3) only 3Cl-PCBQ caused significant increase in the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) level; (4) an increase in SOD activity and a decrease in catalase activity; and (5) a decrease in GST activity and GSH level.	Superoxides	141-151	pyruvate carboxylase	Homo sapiens	31-34
22796328-3	2012	The superoxide that is produced during normal respiration is primarily detoxified within the mitochondria by superoxide dismutase 2 (Sod2), a key protein for maintaining mitochondrial function.	Superoxides	4-14	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	109-131
22796328-3	2012	The superoxide that is produced during normal respiration is primarily detoxified within the mitochondria by superoxide dismutase 2 (Sod2), a key protein for maintaining mitochondrial function.	Superoxides	4-14	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	133-137
22713489-2	2012	Copper/zinc-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is a specific antioxidant enzyme that counteracts superoxide anions.	Superoxides	90-107	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	34-38
22728269-9	2012	Using an adeno-associated virus antisense construct to selectively decrease p47(phox) expression in neurons showed that this led to inhibition of both the increase in superoxide and the neuronal cell death associated with OGD.	Superoxides	167-177	NSFL1 cofactor	Rattus norvegicus	76-79
22728269-9	2012	Using an adeno-associated virus antisense construct to selectively decrease p47(phox) expression in neurons showed that this led to inhibition of both the increase in superoxide and the neuronal cell death associated with OGD.	Superoxides	167-177	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Rattus norvegicus	80-84
22805345-1	2012	The renal medullary thick ascending limb (mTAL) of the Dahl salt-sensitive (SS) rat is the site of enhanced NaCl reabsorption and excess superoxide production.	Superoxides	137-147	talipes	Mus musculus	42-46
22713489-6	2012	RESULTS: Overexpression of SOD1 suppressed production of superoxide anions after ischemic reperfusion injury and reduced NSC death after transplantation.	Superoxides	57-74	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	27-31
22713489-7	2012	In contrast, downexpression of SOD1 promoted superoxide generation and increased oxidative stress-mediated NSC death.	Superoxides	45-55	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	31-35
22634165-0	2012	Splitomicin inhibits fMLP-induced superoxide anion production in human neutrophils by activate cAMP/PKA signaling inhibition of ERK pathway.	Superoxides	34-50	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	21-25
22728270-0	2012	TG-interacting factor-induced superoxide production from NADPH oxidase contributes to the migration/invasion of urothelial carcinoma.	Superoxides	30-40	TGFB induced factor homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	0-21
22728270-7	2012	Overexpression of AKT1 could increase cellular superoxide production and invasion.	Superoxides	47-57	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	18-22
22728270-8	2012	Moreover, by using the PI3K/AKT inhibitor wortmannin or shRNA of AKT1, the TGIF-induced Nox activation and superoxide production were significantly inhibited.	Superoxides	107-117	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	28-31
22728270-8	2012	Moreover, by using the PI3K/AKT inhibitor wortmannin or shRNA of AKT1, the TGIF-induced Nox activation and superoxide production were significantly inhibited.	Superoxides	107-117	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	65-69
22728270-8	2012	Moreover, by using the PI3K/AKT inhibitor wortmannin or shRNA of AKT1, the TGIF-induced Nox activation and superoxide production were significantly inhibited.	Superoxides	107-117	TGFB induced factor homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	75-79
22728270-9	2012	Accordingly, we suggest that PI3K/AKT signaling mediates TGIF-induced Nox2/p67(phox) complex activation and the resultant superoxide production which reinforces the PI3K/AKT signaling to promote the cellular migration/invasion ability of UC.	Superoxides	122-132	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	34-37
22728270-9	2012	Accordingly, we suggest that PI3K/AKT signaling mediates TGIF-induced Nox2/p67(phox) complex activation and the resultant superoxide production which reinforces the PI3K/AKT signaling to promote the cellular migration/invasion ability of UC.	Superoxides	122-132	TGFB induced factor homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	57-61
22728270-9	2012	Accordingly, we suggest that PI3K/AKT signaling mediates TGIF-induced Nox2/p67(phox) complex activation and the resultant superoxide production which reinforces the PI3K/AKT signaling to promote the cellular migration/invasion ability of UC.	Superoxides	122-132	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	75-78
22728270-9	2012	Accordingly, we suggest that PI3K/AKT signaling mediates TGIF-induced Nox2/p67(phox) complex activation and the resultant superoxide production which reinforces the PI3K/AKT signaling to promote the cellular migration/invasion ability of UC.	Superoxides	122-132	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	170-173
22634165-9	2012	Our results showed that splitomicin inhibited superoxide anion production by fMLP (1 muM) and NaF (20mM) in a concentration-dependent manner (37.5-450 muM).	Superoxides	46-62	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	77-81
22634165-9	2012	Our results showed that splitomicin inhibited superoxide anion production by fMLP (1 muM) and NaF (20mM) in a concentration-dependent manner (37.5-450 muM).	Superoxides	46-62	latexin	Homo sapiens	85-88
22634165-9	2012	Our results showed that splitomicin inhibited superoxide anion production by fMLP (1 muM) and NaF (20mM) in a concentration-dependent manner (37.5-450 muM).	Superoxides	46-62	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	94-97
22634165-9	2012	Our results showed that splitomicin inhibited superoxide anion production by fMLP (1 muM) and NaF (20mM) in a concentration-dependent manner (37.5-450 muM).	Superoxides	46-62	latexin	Homo sapiens	151-154
22634165-13	2012	This negative effect was well-correlated with increased cAMP levels via PKA activity and the subsequent inhibition of ERK (p42/p44) phosphorylation to decrease superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	160-176	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	118-121
22753205-5	2012	Accordingly, Ang II increases vascular superoxide production, reduces endothelium-dependent vasodilation, and increases vasoconstriction in mesenteric arteries to a greater extent in Atox1(-/-) than in wild-type mice.	Superoxides	39-49	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	13-19
22636674-5	2012	ANG II-induced superoxide generation, NF-kappaB and AP-1 activation, and IL-18 and MMP-9 induction were all markedly attenuated by losartan, diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI), and Nox1 knockdown.	Superoxides	15-25	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
22687918-2	2012	Mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a critical antioxidant protein that scavenges the highly reactive superoxide radical.	Superoxides	122-140	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	14-44
22687918-2	2012	Mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a critical antioxidant protein that scavenges the highly reactive superoxide radical.	Superoxides	122-140	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	46-51
22753205-10	2012	In summary, Atox1 functions to prevent Ang II-induced endothelial dysfunction and hypercontraction in resistant vessels, as well as hypertension, in vivo by reducing extracellular superoxide levels via increasing vascular SOD3 expression and activity.	Superoxides	180-190	antioxidant 1 copper chaperone	Mus musculus	12-17
22753205-10	2012	In summary, Atox1 functions to prevent Ang II-induced endothelial dysfunction and hypercontraction in resistant vessels, as well as hypertension, in vivo by reducing extracellular superoxide levels via increasing vascular SOD3 expression and activity.	Superoxides	180-190	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	39-45
22906169-4	2012	Treatment of activated neutrophils with either FMLP or PMA resulted in significantly decreased reactivity of superoxide in the setting of increased formation of H2O2 and MPO-mediated iodination, with no detectable effects on either oxygen consumption or MPO release.	Superoxides	109-119	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	170-173
23006987-6	2012	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), the unique enzyme responsible for the dismutation of superoxide radicals, is expected to occupy an indispensable position in the treatment of ROS-mediated tissue injuries originating from exposure to radiation.	Superoxides	81-91	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
23006987-6	2012	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), the unique enzyme responsible for the dismutation of superoxide radicals, is expected to occupy an indispensable position in the treatment of ROS-mediated tissue injuries originating from exposure to radiation.	Superoxides	81-91	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
22549451-7	2012	In experiments using cultured myocytes, aldosterone (100 nmole/L) and angiotensin II (100 nmole/L) enhanced both sources of superoxide production, although these humoral factors affected NADPH oxidase subunits (p47phox and gp91phox) differently.	Superoxides	124-134	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	70-84
22549451-8	2012	In conclusion, aldosterone and angiotensin II increase NADPH oxidase-dependent and mitochondrial superoxide production in myocytes, and the combination of an angiotensin II receptor blocker and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist has a synergistic attenuation of cardiac oxidative stress, leading to an improvement in cardiac function in postinfarct failing hearts.	Superoxides	97-107	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	31-45
22549451-8	2012	In conclusion, aldosterone and angiotensin II increase NADPH oxidase-dependent and mitochondrial superoxide production in myocytes, and the combination of an angiotensin II receptor blocker and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist has a synergistic attenuation of cardiac oxidative stress, leading to an improvement in cardiac function in postinfarct failing hearts.	Superoxides	97-107	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	158-172
22580124-4	2012	Partially ligated ApoE knockout mice, a more physiologically relevant model of low and oscillatory flow, developed an advanced lesion in 2 weeks, and orally administered 8-OHdG significantly reduced plaque formation along with reduced superoxide formation, monocyte/macrophage infiltration, and extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation.	Superoxides	235-245	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	18-22
22931670-2	2012	Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the new isolated neutrophil; the superoxide anion output was detected indirectly by cytochrome C reduction in respiratory burst; the dihydro-rhodamine 123 was used to detect the intensity of respiratory burst; the signal transduction pathways of neutrophil respiratory burst were explored by Western blot.	Superoxides	69-85	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	120-132
22931670-3	2012	The results showed that after pretreated with S1P, the level of superoxide anion released by fMLP-activated neutrophils significantly increased; the Rhodamine 123 mean fluorescence intensity in S1P primed fMLP-activated neutrophils group was significantly higher than that in fMLP treatment group; PI3K and Akt proteins involved in the signal pathway of neutrophil respiratory burst.	Superoxides	64-80	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	93-97
22931670-3	2012	The results showed that after pretreated with S1P, the level of superoxide anion released by fMLP-activated neutrophils significantly increased; the Rhodamine 123 mean fluorescence intensity in S1P primed fMLP-activated neutrophils group was significantly higher than that in fMLP treatment group; PI3K and Akt proteins involved in the signal pathway of neutrophil respiratory burst.	Superoxides	64-80	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	205-209
22931670-3	2012	The results showed that after pretreated with S1P, the level of superoxide anion released by fMLP-activated neutrophils significantly increased; the Rhodamine 123 mean fluorescence intensity in S1P primed fMLP-activated neutrophils group was significantly higher than that in fMLP treatment group; PI3K and Akt proteins involved in the signal pathway of neutrophil respiratory burst.	Superoxides	64-80	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	205-209
22827889-5	2012	The increase in ROS could be completely prevented by inhibition of NADPH oxidase (NOX) complexes suggesting that ATXN7 directly or indirectly causes oxidative stress by increasing superoxide anion production from these complexes.	Superoxides	180-196	ataxin 7	Homo sapiens	113-118
22827889-6	2012	Moreover, we could observe that induction of mutant ATXN7 leads to a decrease in the levels of catalase, a key enzyme in detoxifying hydrogen peroxide produced from dismutation of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	180-197	ataxin 7	Homo sapiens	52-57
22484311-0	2012	5-Hydroxy-7-methoxyflavone inhibits N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine-induced superoxide anion production by specific modulate membrane localization of Tec with a PI3K independent mechanism in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	90-106	tec protein tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	164-167
22484311-5	2012	Briefly, MCL-1 specific inhibited fMLP-induced superoxide anion production in a concentration-dependent (IC(50)=0.16+-0.01 muM) and Tec kinase-dependent manner, however, MCL-1 did not affect fMLP-induced cathepsin G release.	Superoxides	47-63	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	34-38
22554771-0	2012	Omentin plays an anti-inflammatory role through inhibition of TNF-alpha-induced superoxide production in vascular smooth muscle cells.	Superoxides	80-90	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	62-71
22554771-13	2012	It is suggested that omentin inhibits TNF-alpha-induced VCAM-1 expression via preventing the activation of p38 and JNK at least in part through inhibition of superoxide production.	Superoxides	158-168	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	38-47
22510373-6	2012	Via GR, relaxin attenuated the TNF-related stimulation of endothelin-1 expression, superoxide and nitrotyrosine formation, and arginase II expression.	Superoxides	83-93	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	31-34
22519881-6	2012	Accordingly, ablation of Akt with siRNA further enhanced the inhibitory effects of GW501516 in Ang II-induced superoxide production.	Superoxides	110-120	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	25-28
22628375-8	2012	In WT mice, Ang II increased basal and phorbol-dibutyrate-stimulated superoxide production in the cerebrovasculature, and these increases were abolished in Nox2(-/y) mice.	Superoxides	69-79	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	12-18
22575763-6	2012	Infusion of Ang-II for 7days induced cardiac hypertrophy, increased collagen content, and upregulated CIKS mRNA and protein expression in WT mice, whereas cardiac hypertrophy and collagen deposition were markedly attenuated in the CIKS-null mice, despite a similar increase in systolic blood pressure and DPI-inhibitable superoxide generation in both types of animals.	Superoxides	321-331	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	12-18
22537177-0	2012	Alternative oxidase modulates leaf mitochondrial concentrations of superoxide and nitric oxide.	Superoxides	67-77	ubiquinol oxidase 1, mitochondrial	Nicotiana tabacum	0-19
22537177-4	2012	Based on our results, we suggest that AOX respiration acts to reduce the generation of ROS and RNS in plant mitochondria by dampening the leak of single electrons from the electron transport chain to O(2) or nitrite.	Superoxides	200-204	ubiquinol oxidase 1, mitochondrial	Nicotiana tabacum	38-41
22260450-7	2012	Klotho gene expression also significantly attenuated the angiotensin II (AngII)-induced superoxide production, oxidative damage, and apoptosis.	Superoxides	88-98	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	57-71
22410002-7	2012	Accordingly, the new inhibitor reduced neutrophil activation with FPR1 agonists, leading to mobilization of adhesion molecules (CR3) and the generation of superoxide anion from the neutrophil NADPH-oxidase.	Superoxides	155-171	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	66-70
22469513-0	2012	Mitochondrial superoxide mediates doxorubicin-induced keratinocyte apoptosis through oxidative modification of ERK and Bcl-2 ubiquitination.	Superoxides	14-24	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	111-114
22469513-0	2012	Mitochondrial superoxide mediates doxorubicin-induced keratinocyte apoptosis through oxidative modification of ERK and Bcl-2 ubiquitination.	Superoxides	14-24	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	119-124
22469513-6	2012	The mechanism by which superoxide mediates the apoptotic effect of DOX was shown to involve downregulation of Bcl-2 through ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation.	Superoxides	23-33	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	110-115
22469513-7	2012	Superoxide induces dephosphorylation of Bcl-2 through MAP kinase ERK1/2 inactivation, which promotes ubiquitination of Bcl-2.	Superoxides	0-10	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	40-45
22469513-7	2012	Superoxide induces dephosphorylation of Bcl-2 through MAP kinase ERK1/2 inactivation, which promotes ubiquitination of Bcl-2.	Superoxides	0-10	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	65-71
22469513-7	2012	Superoxide induces dephosphorylation of Bcl-2 through MAP kinase ERK1/2 inactivation, which promotes ubiquitination of Bcl-2.	Superoxides	0-10	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	119-124
22613204-5	2012	Exogenous CuZnSOD completely abolished the EPR-derived GM+R signal in mitochondria isolated from both genotypes, evidence that confirms mitochondrial superoxide release.	Superoxides	150-160	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	10-17
22609206-3	2012	The endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)-inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) reduced superoxide formation in platelets identifying "uncoupled" eNOS as a superoxide source.	Superoxides	107-117	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	4-37
22609206-3	2012	The endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)-inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) reduced superoxide formation in platelets identifying "uncoupled" eNOS as a superoxide source.	Superoxides	175-185	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	4-37
22260450-7	2012	Klotho gene expression also significantly attenuated the angiotensin II (AngII)-induced superoxide production, oxidative damage, and apoptosis.	Superoxides	88-98	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	73-78
22260450-12	2012	Klotho not only downregulated Nox2 protein expression and intracellular superoxide production but also attenuated AngII-induced superoxide production, oxidative damage, and apoptosis.	Superoxides	128-138	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	114-119
22499563-3	2012	Among the isolates, compounds 1-3, 5, (+)-pinoresinol (6), and betulinic acid (12) exhibited inhibition (IC50 &lt;= 4.41 microM) of superoxide anion generation by human neutrophils in response to formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine/cytochalasin B (fMLP/CB).	Superoxides	132-148	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	256-260
22411528-3	2012	However, phosphatidylserine externalization is a relatively late step in apoptosis, and it is possible that the superoxide burst is not an early axotomy signal but rather a result of cytochrome c release from the mitochondrial inner membrane with consequent accumulation of reduced intermediates.	Superoxides	112-122	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	183-195
22411528-4	2012	Other possibilities are that both superoxide generation and cytochrome c release are induced in parallel by axotomy, or that cytochrome c release potentiates the effect of the superoxide burst.	Superoxides	176-186	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	125-137
22411528-6	2012	Based on this model of factor-dependent cell death, superoxide precedes, and possibly potentiates, cytochrome c release, and thus the former is likely an early signal for certain types of neuronal apoptosis in the central nervous system.	Superoxides	52-62	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	99-111
22532027-0	2012	NADPH oxidase-produced superoxide mediates EGFR transactivation by c-Src in arsenic trioxide-stimulated human keratinocytes.	Superoxides	23-33	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	43-47
22532027-0	2012	NADPH oxidase-produced superoxide mediates EGFR transactivation by c-Src in arsenic trioxide-stimulated human keratinocytes.	Superoxides	23-33	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	67-72
22532027-9	2012	Conversely, ATO-induced NADPH oxidase activation and superoxide generation could be inhibited by the c-Src inhibitor PP1, but not by the EGFR inhibitor PD153035.	Superoxides	53-63	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	101-106
22532027-9	2012	Conversely, ATO-induced NADPH oxidase activation and superoxide generation could be inhibited by the c-Src inhibitor PP1, but not by the EGFR inhibitor PD153035.	Superoxides	53-63	neuropeptide Y receptor Y4	Homo sapiens	117-120
22781821-6	2012	LPO, inhibition of Mn-SOD and complex III activities were more pronounced when inhaled oxygen was partially enriched with superoxide radical.	Superoxides	122-140	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Cavia porcellus	19-25
22465246-9	2012	These findings suggest that Ang II-NADPH oxidase-superoxide signaling chronically regulates the protein expression of the HCN channels in rat nodose neurons.	Superoxides	49-59	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	28-34
22354779-5	2012	Superoxide anion radical level was increased in mitochondria of both TNFalpha- and FCCP-treated adipocytes, whereas mitochondrial DNA copy number was significantly higher only in TNFalpha-treated cells.	Superoxides	0-24	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	69-77
22465246-2	2012	Our previous study showed that angiotensin II (Ang II) acutely increased hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) currents in nodose ganglion (NG) neurons via NADPH oxidase-superoxide signaling.	Superoxides	190-200	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	31-45
22465246-2	2012	Our previous study showed that angiotensin II (Ang II) acutely increased hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) currents in nodose ganglion (NG) neurons via NADPH oxidase-superoxide signaling.	Superoxides	190-200	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	47-53
22322977-9	2012	In contrast, enhanced dismutation of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide with SOD had no effect on ANG II-dependent stimulation of L-type calcium channels.	Superoxides	37-47	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	74-77
22313459-2	2012	EC-SOD is also observed in monocytes/macrophages, and its high expression contributes to the suppression of atherosclerosis by scavenging superoxide.	Superoxides	138-148	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	0-6
22344792-2	2012	Motoneuron damage in the facial nuclei after facial nerve avulsion is accelerated in presymptomatic transgenic rats expressing human mutant Cu(2+) /Zn(2+) superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), compared with that in wild-type rats.	Superoxides	155-165	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	179-183
22354161-6	2012	Investigation of the antioxidative properties showed that the polymeric Co(II) complex has a strong radical scavenging potency against hydroxyl radicals, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals, nitric oxide and superoxide anion radicals.	Superoxides	211-236	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	72-78
22450315-2	2012	Although previous studies have suggested the involvement of superoxide catalyzed by complex III more recent studies raise the possibility that nitric oxide (NO) catalyzed by cytochrome c oxidase (Cco/NO), which functions in hypoxic signaling in yeast, may also be involved.	Superoxides	60-70	ryanodine receptor 1	Homo sapiens	196-202
22497828-10	2012	To define the role of AT1-mediated PKC/NOX-derived superoxide generation in alcohol-induced cardiotoxicity, mice with knockout of the AT1 gene and wild-type mice were simultaneously treated with alcohol for 2 months.	Superoxides	51-61	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Mus musculus	22-25
22362050-13	2012	The increased iNOS expression was correlated with increased expression of superoxide scavenger MnSOD.	Superoxides	74-84	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	14-18
22896786-0	2012	Cytoplasmic superoxide radical: a possible contributing factor to intracellular Abeta oligomerization in Alzheimer disease.	Superoxides	12-30	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	80-85
22330068-14	2012	In conclusion, IOZ treatment induces Rap1 activation and phosphorylation of RhoA, which in turn cause Rac1 activation and promote Rac1 translocation to the membrane leading to binding with p22(phox) that activates NADPH oxidase and produces superoxide.	Superoxides	241-251	dynein cytoplasmic 1 heavy chain 1	Mus musculus	189-192
22406317-0	2012	Superoxide plays critical roles in electrotaxis of fibrosarcoma cells via activation of ERK and reorganization of the cytoskeleton.	Superoxides	0-10	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	88-91
22406317-9	2012	Collectively, our results indicate that superoxide plays critical roles in DCEF-induced directional migration of fibrosarcoma cells, possibly by regulating the activation of ERKs.	Superoxides	40-50	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	174-178
22235113-10	2012	Specific subfractions made superoxide in the presence of NADPH by cell-free assay (cytochrome c).	Superoxides	27-37	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	83-95
22404107-0	2012	Aldehyde oxidase functions as a superoxide generating NADH oxidase: an important redox regulated pathway of cellular oxygen radical formation.	Superoxides	32-42	aldehyde oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	0-16
22404107-3	2012	Utilizing electron paramagnetic resonance spin trapping, we measured the role of AO in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through the oxidation of NADH and the effects of inhibitors of AO on NADH-mediated superoxide (O(2)( -)) generation.	Superoxides	218-228	aldehyde oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	198-200
22404107-6	2012	With NADH oxidation by AO, &gt;=65% of the total electron flux led to O(2)( -) generation.	Superoxides	70-74	aldehyde oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	23-25
22404107-7	2012	Diphenyleneiodonium completely inhibited AO-mediated O(2)( -) production, confirming that this occurs at the FAD site.	Superoxides	53-61	aldehyde oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	41-43
22404107-9	2012	From the kinetic data, and the levels of AO and NADH, O(2)( -) production was estimated to be ~89 and ~4 nM/s in liver and heart, respectively, much higher than that estimated for XOR under similar conditions.	Superoxides	54-62	aldehyde oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	41-43
22287576-4	2012	Endothelial overexpression of Nox2 in ApoE(-/-) mice did not alter blood pressure, but significantly increased vascular superoxide production compared with ApoE(-/-) littermates, measured using both lucigenin chemiluminescence and 2-hydroxyethidium production (ApoE(-/-), 19.9 +- 6.3 vs. Nox2-Tg ApoE(-/-), 47.0 +- 7.0 nmol 2-hydroxyethidium/aorta, P&lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	120-130	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	38-42
22287576-7	2012	CONCLUSION: Endothelial-targeted Nox2 overexpression in ApoE(-/-) mice is sufficient to increase vascular superoxide production and increase macrophage recruitment possible via activation of endothelial cells.	Superoxides	106-116	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	56-60
22082048-8	2012	This shows that H2O2 can activate NADPH oxidase, leading to O2 - production, followed by ERK activation and ultimately resulting in the differentiation of HL-60 cells.	Superoxides	18-20	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	89-92
22147556-5	2012	The results revealed an over-expression of iNOS and HO-1 in the papilla, compared with that in the pulp, mediated by the nuclear factor kappa B transcription factor activated by the reactive oxygen species that acts as scavengers for the superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	238-248	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	43-47
22160804-3	2012	Myocytes were treated with ouabain (50 muM) for up to 24 h. Ouabain significantly increased gene and protein levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) which was associated with significantly increased release of NO from myocytes as well as increased total release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide anion (O(2) (-)), and increased peroxynitrite formation as assessed by protein tyrosine nitration.	Superoxides	305-321	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	119-150
22160804-3	2012	Myocytes were treated with ouabain (50 muM) for up to 24 h. Ouabain significantly increased gene and protein levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) which was associated with significantly increased release of NO from myocytes as well as increased total release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide anion (O(2) (-)), and increased peroxynitrite formation as assessed by protein tyrosine nitration.	Superoxides	305-321	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	152-156
22160804-3	2012	Myocytes were treated with ouabain (50 muM) for up to 24 h. Ouabain significantly increased gene and protein levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) which was associated with significantly increased release of NO from myocytes as well as increased total release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide anion (O(2) (-)), and increased peroxynitrite formation as assessed by protein tyrosine nitration.	Superoxides	323-327	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	119-150
22160804-3	2012	Myocytes were treated with ouabain (50 muM) for up to 24 h. Ouabain significantly increased gene and protein levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) which was associated with significantly increased release of NO from myocytes as well as increased total release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide anion (O(2) (-)), and increased peroxynitrite formation as assessed by protein tyrosine nitration.	Superoxides	323-327	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	152-156
22222766-0	2012	A superoxide-mediated mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 degradation and c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase activation pathway for luteolin-induced lung cancer cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	2-12	dual specificity phosphatase 1	Homo sapiens	22-68
22222766-4	2012	The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) was potently activated after superoxide accumulation.	Superoxides	63-73	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	4-27
22222766-4	2012	The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) was potently activated after superoxide accumulation.	Superoxides	63-73	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	29-32
22222766-5	2012	Suppression of superoxide completely blocked luteolin-induced JNK activation, which was well correlated to alleviation of luteolin"s cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	15-25	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	62-65
22222766-7	2012	We further found that luteolin triggers a superoxide-dependent rapid degradation of the JNK-inactivating phosphatase mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1).	Superoxides	42-52	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	88-91
22222766-7	2012	We further found that luteolin triggers a superoxide-dependent rapid degradation of the JNK-inactivating phosphatase mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1).	Superoxides	42-52	dual specificity phosphatase 1	Homo sapiens	117-163
22222766-7	2012	We further found that luteolin triggers a superoxide-dependent rapid degradation of the JNK-inactivating phosphatase mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1).	Superoxides	42-52	dual specificity phosphatase 1	Homo sapiens	165-170
22574436-11	2012	With respect to the anti-inflammatory activity, compounds 15 and 16 (each 10 microg/mL) inhibited superoxide anion generation by human neutrophils in response to fMLP/CB by 92.0% and 87.3%, respectively.	Superoxides	98-114	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	162-166
22392142-0	2012	NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide destabilizes lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin 8 mRNA via p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase mitogen-activated protein kinase, and the destabilizing factor tristetraprolin.	Superoxides	22-32	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	73-86
22392142-0	2012	NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide destabilizes lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin 8 mRNA via p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase mitogen-activated protein kinase, and the destabilizing factor tristetraprolin.	Superoxides	22-32	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	96-99
22392142-2	2012	We previously showed that NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide induces inflammatory mediators in response to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS).	Superoxides	48-58	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	105-132
22392142-2	2012	We previously showed that NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide induces inflammatory mediators in response to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS).	Superoxides	48-58	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	134-143
22405822-4	2012	Pretreatment of the cells with either candesartan (a selective Ang II type 1 receptor [AT(1)R] antagonist) or Tempol (a cell-permeable superoxide scavenger) significantly inhibited Ang II-induced DNA synthesis.	Superoxides	135-145	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	181-187
22292618-4	2012	The system is composed of superoxide dismutase (SOD) conjugated to oxidation-sensitive amphiphilic polysulfide/PEG block copolymers; the conjugate combines the SOD reactivity toward superoxide with that of hydrophobic thioethers toward hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	26-36	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	48-51
22292618-4	2012	The system is composed of superoxide dismutase (SOD) conjugated to oxidation-sensitive amphiphilic polysulfide/PEG block copolymers; the conjugate combines the SOD reactivity toward superoxide with that of hydrophobic thioethers toward hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	26-36	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	160-163
22292618-5	2012	Specifically, here we have demonstrated how this hybrid system can efficiently convert superoxide into hydrogen peroxide, which is then "mopped-up" by the polysulfides: this modus operandi is functionally analogous to the SOD/catalase combination, with the advantages of (a) being based on a single and more stable system, and (b) a higher overall efficiency due the physical proximity of the two ROS-reactive centers (SOD and polysulfides).	Superoxides	87-97	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	222-225
22292618-5	2012	Specifically, here we have demonstrated how this hybrid system can efficiently convert superoxide into hydrogen peroxide, which is then "mopped-up" by the polysulfides: this modus operandi is functionally analogous to the SOD/catalase combination, with the advantages of (a) being based on a single and more stable system, and (b) a higher overall efficiency due the physical proximity of the two ROS-reactive centers (SOD and polysulfides).	Superoxides	87-97	catalase	Homo sapiens	226-234
22292618-5	2012	Specifically, here we have demonstrated how this hybrid system can efficiently convert superoxide into hydrogen peroxide, which is then "mopped-up" by the polysulfides: this modus operandi is functionally analogous to the SOD/catalase combination, with the advantages of (a) being based on a single and more stable system, and (b) a higher overall efficiency due the physical proximity of the two ROS-reactive centers (SOD and polysulfides).	Superoxides	87-97	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	419-422
22393005-7	2012	However, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers suppressed the coordination of cytochrome c release and also inhibited Bid-induced cell death, whereas both superoxide and hydrogen peroxide sensitized mitochondria to Bid-induced permeabilization.	Superoxides	158-168	BH3 interacting domain death agonist	Homo sapiens	218-221
22169010-8	2012	We conclude that ANG II stimulates ENaC in the CCD through a Ca(2+)-independent PKC pathway that activates NOX thereby increasing superoxide generation.	Superoxides	130-140	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	17-23
22169010-8	2012	We conclude that ANG II stimulates ENaC in the CCD through a Ca(2+)-independent PKC pathway that activates NOX thereby increasing superoxide generation.	Superoxides	130-140	sodium channel epithelial 1 subunit gamma	Rattus norvegicus	35-39
22215724-6	2012	Conversely, in hypoxic animals and cell cultures activation of CD47 by TSP1 disrupts this constitutive interaction, promoting eNOS-dependent superoxide production, oxidative stress, and PAH.	Superoxides	141-151	thrombospondin 1	Homo sapiens	71-75
22222162-4	2012	CYP2E1 is known to metabolize ethanol and produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide in epithelial cells.	Superoxides	91-101	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily E member 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
22227335-13	2012	In summary, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion-derived from endothelial NAD(P)H oxidase mediate the hyperreactivity to angiotensin II in type I-diabetic rat carotid, involving the participation of cyclooxygenase-1 and Rho-kinase.	Superoxides	52-68	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	141-155
22304816-0	2012	A superoxide anion biosensor based on direct electron transfer of superoxide dismutase on sodium alginate sol-gel film and its application to monitoring of living cells.	Superoxides	2-18	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	66-86
22304816-3	2012	Based on bimolecular recognition for specific reactivity of SOD/SA toward O(2)( -), the SOD modified electrode was utilized to measure O(2)( -) with good analytical performance, such as low applied potential (0 V), high selectivity (no obvious interference), wide linear range (0.44-229.88 muM) and low detection limit (0.23 muM) in pH 7.0 phosphate buffer solution.	Superoxides	74-78	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	60-63
22304816-3	2012	Based on bimolecular recognition for specific reactivity of SOD/SA toward O(2)( -), the SOD modified electrode was utilized to measure O(2)( -) with good analytical performance, such as low applied potential (0 V), high selectivity (no obvious interference), wide linear range (0.44-229.88 muM) and low detection limit (0.23 muM) in pH 7.0 phosphate buffer solution.	Superoxides	74-78	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	88-91
22304816-3	2012	Based on bimolecular recognition for specific reactivity of SOD/SA toward O(2)( -), the SOD modified electrode was utilized to measure O(2)( -) with good analytical performance, such as low applied potential (0 V), high selectivity (no obvious interference), wide linear range (0.44-229.88 muM) and low detection limit (0.23 muM) in pH 7.0 phosphate buffer solution.	Superoxides	135-139	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	60-63
22304816-3	2012	Based on bimolecular recognition for specific reactivity of SOD/SA toward O(2)( -), the SOD modified electrode was utilized to measure O(2)( -) with good analytical performance, such as low applied potential (0 V), high selectivity (no obvious interference), wide linear range (0.44-229.88 muM) and low detection limit (0.23 muM) in pH 7.0 phosphate buffer solution.	Superoxides	135-139	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	88-91
22167522-3	2012	Uncoupling of eNOS, with subsequently less NO and more superoxide generation, is one of the major underlying causes of endothelial dysfunction found in atherosclerosis, diabetes, hypertension, cigarette smoking, hyperhomocysteinemia, and ischemia/reperfusion injury.	Superoxides	55-65	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	14-18
22130631-1	2012	BACKGROUND: Mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) converts superoxide anion into H(2)O(2), which is neutralized sequentially by either catalase (CAT) or glutathione peroxidase 1 (Gpx 1) into water or converted into highly reactive hypochlorous acid by myeloperoxidase (MPO).	Superoxides	74-90	catalase	Homo sapiens	150-158
22130631-1	2012	BACKGROUND: Mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) converts superoxide anion into H(2)O(2), which is neutralized sequentially by either catalase (CAT) or glutathione peroxidase 1 (Gpx 1) into water or converted into highly reactive hypochlorous acid by myeloperoxidase (MPO).	Superoxides	74-90	catalase	Homo sapiens	160-163
22130631-1	2012	BACKGROUND: Mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) converts superoxide anion into H(2)O(2), which is neutralized sequentially by either catalase (CAT) or glutathione peroxidase 1 (Gpx 1) into water or converted into highly reactive hypochlorous acid by myeloperoxidase (MPO).	Superoxides	74-90	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	267-282
22130631-1	2012	BACKGROUND: Mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) converts superoxide anion into H(2)O(2), which is neutralized sequentially by either catalase (CAT) or glutathione peroxidase 1 (Gpx 1) into water or converted into highly reactive hypochlorous acid by myeloperoxidase (MPO).	Superoxides	74-90	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	284-287
22422532-4	2012	Pharmacological studies revealed that compound 3 exhibited significant activities on superoxide-anion generation and elastase release by human neutrophils in response to FMLP/CB.	Superoxides	85-95	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	170-174
22199367-10	2012	Aged SOD2+/- SMCs had increased mitochondrial superoxide but decreased hydrogen peroxide levels.	Superoxides	46-56	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	5-9
22108198-7	2012	Interleukin-10 knockout mice colonized with superoxide-producing E faecalis developed inflammation and colorectal cancer, whereas colonization with a superoxide-deficient strain resulted in inflammation but not cancer.	Superoxides	44-54	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	0-14
22178681-6	2012	fMLP- and PMA-induced tyrosyl or serine/threonine phosphorylation, and fMLP-, PMA- and AA-induced translocation of p67(phox), p47(phox) and Rac to plasma membrane were in parallel with the suppression of the stimulus-induced superoxide generation.	Superoxides	225-235	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
22178681-4	2012	The five oleanolic acid triterpenoid saponins used in this experiment suppressed N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-induced superoxide generation in a concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	136-146	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	122-126
22213462-13	2012	These findings suggest that the superoxide anion-MEK-ERK-MLCK-MLC signaling mediates IS-induced junctional dispersal of BPAECs.	Superoxides	32-48	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	49-52
22213462-13	2012	These findings suggest that the superoxide anion-MEK-ERK-MLCK-MLC signaling mediates IS-induced junctional dispersal of BPAECs.	Superoxides	32-48	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	53-56
22213462-13	2012	These findings suggest that the superoxide anion-MEK-ERK-MLCK-MLC signaling mediates IS-induced junctional dispersal of BPAECs.	Superoxides	32-48	modulator of VRAC current 1	Homo sapiens	57-60
22249290-8	2012	We show that adiponectin treatment decreased the generation of superoxide anion in both cell lines, whereas the transcript levels of NADPH oxidase (NOX)2 and NOX4 increased.	Superoxides	63-79	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Homo sapiens	13-24
22194624-7	2012	ILK deletion caused endothelial NOS (eNOS) uncoupling, reflected in reduced tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) levels, increased BH2 levels, decreased dihydrofolate reductase expression, and increased eNOS-dependent generation of superoxide accompanied by extensive vascular protein nitration.	Superoxides	221-231	integrin linked kinase	Homo sapiens	0-3
22194624-8	2012	ILK reexpression prevented eNOS uncoupling in cKO cells, whereas superoxide formation was unaffected by ILK depletion in eNOS-KO cells, indicating eNOS as a primary source of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	175-191	integrin linked kinase	Homo sapiens	0-3
22210751-10	2012	NAD(P)H oxidase activity and superoxide production by lucigenin chemiluminescence were significantly increased in skeletal muscle from ANG II mice.	Superoxides	29-39	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	135-141
22178681-6	2012	fMLP- and PMA-induced tyrosyl or serine/threonine phosphorylation, and fMLP-, PMA- and AA-induced translocation of p67(phox), p47(phox) and Rac to plasma membrane were in parallel with the suppression of the stimulus-induced superoxide generation.	Superoxides	225-235	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	71-75
22178681-6	2012	fMLP- and PMA-induced tyrosyl or serine/threonine phosphorylation, and fMLP-, PMA- and AA-induced translocation of p67(phox), p47(phox) and Rac to plasma membrane were in parallel with the suppression of the stimulus-induced superoxide generation.	Superoxides	225-235	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	115-118
21797845-1	2012	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: One key mechanism for endothelial dysfunction is endothelial NOS (eNOS) uncoupling, whereby eNOS generates superoxide (O(2) ( -) ) rather than NO.	Superoxides	131-141	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	73-88
21745193-11	2012	CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS: In human monocyte/macrophages, monocyte-derived MPs exert an autocrine activation that was modulated by PPARgamma ligands, inducing both pro-inflammatory (superoxide anion production, cytokine release and NF-kappaB activation) and anti-inflammatory (PPARgamma expression) effects.	Superoxides	184-200	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	133-142
21797845-1	2012	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: One key mechanism for endothelial dysfunction is endothelial NOS (eNOS) uncoupling, whereby eNOS generates superoxide (O(2) ( -) ) rather than NO.	Superoxides	143-147	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	73-88
22212735-6	2012	In the following step, the electron transfer from Lum (-) to O(2) regenerates Lum and forms the superoxide anion (O(2) (-)), which undergoes disproportionation into H(2)O(2) and O(2).	Superoxides	96-112	lumican	Homo sapiens	50-53
20626399-3	2012	ANG II increases the NAD(P)H-dependent superoxide anion production and the intracellular generation of ROS in cardiac fibroblasts and apocynin, a membrane NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor, abrogates this rise.	Superoxides	39-55	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-6
22212735-6	2012	In the following step, the electron transfer from Lum (-) to O(2) regenerates Lum and forms the superoxide anion (O(2) (-)), which undergoes disproportionation into H(2)O(2) and O(2).	Superoxides	96-112	lumican	Homo sapiens	78-81
22175783-1	2012	The first example of an O(2) adduct of an active Co-substituted oxygenase has been observed in the extradiol ring cleavage of the electron-poor substrate 4-nitrocatechol (4NC) by Co(II)-homoprotocatechuate 2,3-dioxygenase (Co-HPCD).	Superoxides	24-28	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	179-185
21900685-1	2012	Copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD, SOD1) is one of the major antioxidant enzymes, and is localized in the cytoplasm to scavenge superoxide.	Superoxides	12-22	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	34-42
21900685-1	2012	Copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD, SOD1) is one of the major antioxidant enzymes, and is localized in the cytoplasm to scavenge superoxide.	Superoxides	12-22	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	44-48
22175783-2	2012	Upon O(2) binding to the high-spin Co(II) (S = (3)/(2)) enzyme-substrate complex, an S = (1)/(2) EPR signal exhibiting (59)Co hyperfine splitting (A = 24 G) typical of a low-spin Co(III)-superoxide complex was observed.	Superoxides	5-9	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	35-41
22175783-2	2012	Upon O(2) binding to the high-spin Co(II) (S = (3)/(2)) enzyme-substrate complex, an S = (1)/(2) EPR signal exhibiting (59)Co hyperfine splitting (A = 24 G) typical of a low-spin Co(III)-superoxide complex was observed.	Superoxides	187-197	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	35-41
21896300-1	2012	Excessive free radical production or oxidative stress may be involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia as evidenced by increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, a critical enzyme in the detoxification of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	136-146	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	158-161
23080136-3	2012	HIF-1 activates transcription of the Nox2 gene, encoding NADPH oxidase 2, which generates superoxide.	Superoxides	90-100	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	0-5
21900450-10	2012	In SHR, NOS was uncoupled as incubation of proximal tubules with ANG II and l-arginine, a NOS substrate, caused superoxide generation only in SHR and not in WKY rats.	Superoxides	112-122	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	65-71
22790929-7	2012	Furthermore, we successfully detected in situ superoxide radicals associated with increased protein carbonylation in hAPP/Sod1-/-.	Superoxides	46-56	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	117-121
21940672-6	2012	IGF-I induces an increase in NADPH-dependent superoxide generation, enhances the release of hydrogen peroxide, and increases the expression of NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) in PTCs.	Superoxides	45-55	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
22790929-7	2012	Furthermore, we successfully detected in situ superoxide radicals associated with increased protein carbonylation in hAPP/Sod1-/-.	Superoxides	46-56	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	122-126
22062629-9	2012	SOD2 exerts its inhibitory effect on VSMC migration induced by angiotensin II by scavenging superoxide anion and suppressing the phosphorylation of Akt.	Superoxides	92-108	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	63-77
22293492-4	2012	2,5,6,7-Tetramethoxyflavan (1) showed a potent inhibitory effect on superoxide anion production in formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP)/cytochalasin B (CB)-activated human neutrophils.	Superoxides	68-84	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	144-148
22041526-3	2012	In in vitro experiments using human peripheral blood neutrophils, PDE4 inhibitors ASP3258, cilomilast, and roflumilast inhibited fMLP-induced superoxide production in a concentration-dependent manner with IC50 values of 5.0, 96, and 4.7 nM, respectively.	Superoxides	142-152	phosphodiesterase 4A	Homo sapiens	66-70
22041526-3	2012	In in vitro experiments using human peripheral blood neutrophils, PDE4 inhibitors ASP3258, cilomilast, and roflumilast inhibited fMLP-induced superoxide production in a concentration-dependent manner with IC50 values of 5.0, 96, and 4.7 nM, respectively.	Superoxides	142-152	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	129-133
22627375-4	2012	We have observed that in the absence of eosinophil chemoattractants, neutrophils stimulated by IL-8 augment eosinophil trans-basement membrane migration by releasing superoxide anion, matrix metalloproteinase, leukotriene B(4) and platelet-activating factor.	Superoxides	166-182	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	95-99
22848833-0	2012	Chronic C-Type Natriuretic Peptide Infusion Attenuates Angiotensin II-Induced Myocardial Superoxide Production and Cardiac Remodeling.	Superoxides	89-99	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	55-69
22848833-10	2012	Finally, CNP decreased Ang II-induced cardiac superoxide production.	Superoxides	46-56	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	23-29
22848833-12	2012	Our data indicate that treatment with CNP attenuated Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and contractile dysfunction which were accompanied by reduced cardiac superoxide production.	Superoxides	169-179	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	53-59
21954286-7	2012	p67(phox) is involved in the regulation of electron flow from NADPH to oxygen, leading to superoxide radical formation inside the phagosome.	Superoxides	90-100	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	0-3
21584653-7	2012	Mechanistic studies revealed that the neuroprotective effects of ASA were mediated through the inhibition of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (PHOX), a key enzyme for superoxide production in microglia.	Superoxides	186-196	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	109-160
22057568-6	2012	Superoxide dismutase (MnSOD, SOD2) from the mitochondrial matrix as well as superoxide dismutase (Cu/ZnSOD, SOD1) present in small amounts in the mitochondrial intramembrane space, convert superoxide anion to hydrogen peroxide, which can be then converted by catalase to harmless H(2)O.	Superoxides	189-205	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	108-112
23149576-4	2012	These results suggested that the class-IA isoforms (p110alpha, p110beta, and p110delta) of PI3K are sufficient to trigger and maintain superoxide production.	Superoxides	135-145	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha	Mus musculus	52-61
22144277-3	2012	Rac in the GTP-bound form directly binds to the oxidase activator p67(                   phox                 ), which in turn interacts with Nox2, leading to superoxide production.	Superoxides	159-169	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	66-69
22144277-5	2012	On the other hand, in the presence of either p67(                   phox                 ) or Noxa1, Rac facilitates superoxide production by Nox3, which is responsible in the inner ear for formation of otoconia, tiny mineralized structures that are required for sensing balance and gravity.	Superoxides	117-127	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	45-48
22144277-5	2012	On the other hand, in the presence of either p67(                   phox                 ) or Noxa1, Rac facilitates superoxide production by Nox3, which is responsible in the inner ear for formation of otoconia, tiny mineralized structures that are required for sensing balance and gravity.	Superoxides	117-127	NADPH oxidase activator 1	Homo sapiens	94-99
20696495-5	2012	Fibrillar beta-amyloid (Abeta) stimulation has previously been demonstrated to induce the assembly and activation of the microglial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase leading to superoxide production through a tyrosine kinase-based signaling cascade.	Superoxides	203-213	histocompatibility 2, class II antigen A, beta 1	Mus musculus	24-29
22064654-1	2012	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EcSOD) is an important superoxide scavenger in the lung in which its loss, sequence variation, or abnormal expression contributes to lung diseases; however, the role of EcSOD in lung cancer has yet to be studied.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-41
22064654-1	2012	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EcSOD) is an important superoxide scavenger in the lung in which its loss, sequence variation, or abnormal expression contributes to lung diseases; however, the role of EcSOD in lung cancer has yet to be studied.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	205-210
20696495-6	2012	Ibuprofen treatment of microglia or monocytes with racemic or S-ibuprofen inhibited Abeta-stimulated Vav tyrosine phosphorylation, NADPH oxidase assembly, and superoxide production.	Superoxides	159-169	histocompatibility 2, class II antigen A, beta 1	Mus musculus	84-89
23236515-6	2012	Sepsis resulted in increases in NADPH oxidase activity and expression of p47(phox) and p67(phox) and up-regulation of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase in brains, indicating that superoxide, produced by NADPH oxidase, reacts with NO to form peroxynitrite, that maybe lead to the loss of BBB integrity.	Superoxides	182-192	NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47)	Mus musculus	73-82
22084200-3	2012	For example, copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1), which destroys free superoxide radicals in the body, undergoes a large conformational transition from an "open" state (apo structure) to a "closed" state (holo structure).	Superoxides	25-35	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	47-51
23056347-7	2012	Rats that received TNF only had increased production rates of superoxide, peroxynitrite and total reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cytosol and increased production rates of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in mitochondria.	Superoxides	62-72	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	19-22
22064362-8	2012	Activation of AMPK, a cellular metabolic sensor, and its downstream target ACC by low glucose concentration was largely inhibited by addition of MnTBAP, a MnSOD and catalase mimetic that also totally suppressed superoxide production.	Superoxides	211-221	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Rattus norvegicus	14-18
22064362-9	2012	Taken together, the data show that low glucose activates AMPK in a superoxide-dependent, AMP-independent way.	Superoxides	67-77	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Rattus norvegicus	57-61
23056347-7	2012	Rats that received TNF only had increased production rates of superoxide, peroxynitrite and total reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cytosol and increased production rates of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in mitochondria.	Superoxides	177-187	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	19-22
22936985-13	2012	Moreover, Rac-mediated O(2) (-) generation, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and myocardial fibrosis seem to play a pivotal role in the transition from cardiac hypertrophy to cardiac dilation and failure.	Superoxides	23-27	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	10-13
22984565-7	2012	The bound carbonate blocks direct access of substrates to Cu(I), suggesting that an adjunct to the accepted mechanism of SOD catalysed dismutation of superoxide operates, with Cu(I) oxidation by superoxide being driven via a proton-coupled electron transfer mechanism involving the bound carbonate rather than the solvent.	Superoxides	150-160	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	121-124
22984565-7	2012	The bound carbonate blocks direct access of substrates to Cu(I), suggesting that an adjunct to the accepted mechanism of SOD catalysed dismutation of superoxide operates, with Cu(I) oxidation by superoxide being driven via a proton-coupled electron transfer mechanism involving the bound carbonate rather than the solvent.	Superoxides	195-205	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	121-124
22952763-0	2012	Expression of human paraoxonase 1 decreases superoxide levels and alters bacterial colonization in the gut of Drosophila melanogaster.	Superoxides	44-54	paraoxonase 1	Homo sapiens	20-33
22952763-7	2012	We found that PON1 alters expression of multiple oxidative stress genes and decreases superoxide anion levels in normal and germ-free D. melanogaster.	Superoxides	86-102	paraoxonase 1	Homo sapiens	14-18
22952763-9	2012	PON1 expression directly decreased superoxide anion levels and altered bacterial colonization of the gut and its gene expression profile, highlighting the complex nature of the interaction between host genotype and gut microbiota.	Superoxides	35-51	paraoxonase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
22815806-9	2012	Bilateral PVN pretreatment with either superoxide anion scavenger tempol or polyethylene glycol-superoxide dismutase (PEG-SOD) inhibited the effects of ET-1 on the CSAR, RSNA and MAP.	Superoxides	39-55	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	152-156
22808054-6	2012	Ang II simulated mitochondrial Nox4 and resulted in the abrupt production of mitochondrial superoxide (O(2) (-)) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)).	Superoxides	91-101	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
22808054-6	2012	Ang II simulated mitochondrial Nox4 and resulted in the abrupt production of mitochondrial superoxide (O(2) (-)) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)).	Superoxides	103-107	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
22815806-10	2012	Microinjection of ET-1 into the PVN increased the superoxide anion level in the PVN, which was abolished by PVN pretreatment with BQ-123.	Superoxides	50-66	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	18-22
22815806-11	2012	Epicardial application of capsaicin increased superoxide anion level in PVN which was further enhanced by PVN pretreatment with ET-1.	Superoxides	46-62	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	128-132
22815806-13	2012	Superoxide anions in PVN are involved in the effects of ET-1 in the PVN.	Superoxides	0-17	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	56-60
22693564-0	2012	Human stanniocalcin-1 suppresses angiotensin II-induced superoxide generation in cardiomyocytes through UCP3-mediated anti-oxidant pathway.	Superoxides	56-66	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	33-47
22693564-6	2012	Treatment of cardiomyocytes with STC1 decreases mitochondrial membrane potential and suppresses baseline and angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced superoxide generation.	Superoxides	141-151	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	109-123
22693564-6	2012	Treatment of cardiomyocytes with STC1 decreases mitochondrial membrane potential and suppresses baseline and angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced superoxide generation.	Superoxides	141-151	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	125-131
22506056-7	2012	Angeli"s salt also suppresses Ang II induction of key triggers of the cardiomyocyte hypertrophic response, including NADPH oxidase (on both Nox2 expression and superoxide generation), as well as p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK).	Superoxides	160-170	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	30-36
22693641-7	2012	Furthermore, ACE2 deficiency led to greater increases in Ang II-mediated profilin-1 expression, NADPH oxidase activity, and superoxide and peroxynitrite production in the aortas of ACE2KO mice associated with enhanced phosphorylated levels of Akt, p70S6 kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS).	Superoxides	124-134	angiotensin I converting enzyme (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) 2	Mus musculus	13-17
22355351-8	2012	These newly discovered regulators conveyed their activity through a non-conventional RELB-depended NFkappaB signaling pathway and regulation of superoxide activity.	Superoxides	144-154	RELB proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	85-89
22470485-9	2012	B(1)R antagonist also significantly inhibited the increased production of superoxide anion in diabetic retinae.	Superoxides	74-90	bradykinin receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
22355351-8	2012	These newly discovered regulators conveyed their activity through a non-conventional RELB-depended NFkappaB signaling pathway and regulation of superoxide activity.	Superoxides	144-154	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	99-107
22359684-0	2012	Upregulation of UCP2 by adiponectin: the involvement of mitochondrial superoxide and hnRNP K.	Superoxides	70-80	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	16-20
22359684-11	2012	CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Mitochondrial superoxide production stimulated by adiponectin serves as a trigger to initiate the translocation of hnRNP K, which in turn promotes UCP2 expressions in liver.	Superoxides	40-50	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	173-177
22276192-8	2012	PPARgamma activation significantly attenuated thapsigargin-induced cell death, concomitant with an inhibition of caspase activation, a delay in DeltaPsim loss, and a reduction of superoxide/ROS generation in STHdh(Q111) cells.	Superoxides	179-189	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	0-9
22276192-9	2012	Expression of mutant huntingtin in primary neurons induced superoxide/ROS, an effect that was significantly reduced by constitutively active PPARgamma.	Superoxides	59-69	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	141-150
23339859-1	2012	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3) is a secreted enzyme that regulates levels of extracellular superoxide and protects the extracellular matrix from degradation by reactive species.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-40
22291917-10	2012	CONCLUSION: Overt plaque formation, increased vascular inflammation and L/E- interactions are associated with significant reduction of superoxide production in apoE(-/-)/eNOS(-/-) vessels.	Superoxides	135-145	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	160-164
22002086-0	2011	Spectral and kinetic evidence for reaction of superoxide with compound I of myeloperoxidase.	Superoxides	46-56	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	76-91
22072715-0	2011	PPARdelta coordinates angiotensin II-induced senescence in vascular smooth muscle cells through PTEN-mediated inhibition of superoxide generation.	Superoxides	124-134	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	22-36
22002086-2	2011	Previously, we developed a kinetic model to demonstrate that within the confines of neutrophil phagosomes, superoxide should react exclusively with MPO and be converted to hypochlorous acid.	Superoxides	107-117	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	148-151
22174146-3	2011	We show here that MR activation is necessary to promote reactive oxygen species formation by a physiological concentration of angiotensin II (1 nmol l(-1)), since an increase in superoxide anion formation of ~50% of basal was suppressed by blocking MR with spironolactone or eplerenone.	Superoxides	178-194	nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 2	Rattus norvegicus	18-20
22174146-3	2011	We show here that MR activation is necessary to promote reactive oxygen species formation by a physiological concentration of angiotensin II (1 nmol l(-1)), since an increase in superoxide anion formation of ~50% of basal was suppressed by blocking MR with spironolactone or eplerenone.	Superoxides	178-194	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	126-140
22174146-3	2011	We show here that MR activation is necessary to promote reactive oxygen species formation by a physiological concentration of angiotensin II (1 nmol l(-1)), since an increase in superoxide anion formation of ~50% of basal was suppressed by blocking MR with spironolactone or eplerenone.	Superoxides	178-194	nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 2	Rattus norvegicus	249-251
22002086-3	2011	The model consists of all known reactions and rate constants for reactions of superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and chloride ions with MPO, except for the reaction of superoxide with compound I, which could only be estimated.	Superoxides	78-88	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	132-135
22002086-11	2011	Characterization of this reaction confirms that superoxide is a physiological substrate for MPO and that their interactions are central to an important host defense mechanism.	Superoxides	48-58	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	92-95
21940665-0	2011	Angiotensin II-NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide mediates diabetes-attenuated cell excitability of aortic baroreceptor neurons.	Superoxides	37-47	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
21940665-9	2011	These findings suggest that endogenous angiotensin II-NADPH oxidase-superoxide signaling contributes to the enhanced HCN currents and the depressed cell excitation in the aortic baroreceptor neurons of diabetic rats.	Superoxides	68-78	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	39-53
22015457-6	2011	Administration of superoxide dismutase (to scavenge superoxide anions) or L-N(G)-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME, a nonselective nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) restored PGIS activity and attenuated pericyte apoptosis.	Superoxides	52-69	prostaglandin I2 synthase	Homo sapiens	174-178
21767162-10	2011	The protective effects of MnSOD, NOS inhibitors, and superoxide or peroxynitrite scavengers point out a role of the superoxide anion reacting with NO to form mtDNA- and protein-damaging peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	116-132	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	26-31
21976223-9	2011	Whereas both CCL1 and LPS monotreatment inhibited spontaneous superoxide release in macrophages, CCL1 significantly induced superoxide release in the presence of LPS in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	124-134	C-C motif chemokine ligand 1	Homo sapiens	97-101
21925591-1	2011	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is an antioxidant enzyme that breaks down superoxide anion into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide in extracellular spaces and plays key roles in controlling pulmonary and vascular diseases in response to oxidative stresses.	Superoxides	86-102	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	0-34
21925591-1	2011	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is an antioxidant enzyme that breaks down superoxide anion into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide in extracellular spaces and plays key roles in controlling pulmonary and vascular diseases in response to oxidative stresses.	Superoxides	86-102	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-42
21814206-3	2011	The present study first revealed that the serum activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) responsible for superoxide removal is reduced in the DN stage of microalbuminuria, but not in normoalbuminuria in type 2 diabetic patients.	Superoxides	60-70	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	82-85
22984577-4	2012	In addition to its function as a quinone reductase NQO1 has been shown to reduce superoxide and regulate the 20 S proteasomal degradation of proteins including p53.	Superoxides	81-91	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	51-55
21761200-0	2011	Caveolin-1 sensitizes cisplatin-induced lung cancer cell apoptosis via superoxide anion-dependent mechanism.	Superoxides	71-87	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	0-10
21761200-5	2011	Inhibitory study revealed that superoxide anion inhibitor MnTBAP could inhibit cisplatin-mediated toxicity only in H460/Cav-1 cells while had no effect on H460 cells.	Superoxides	31-47	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	120-125
21761200-6	2011	Further, superoxide anion detected by DHE probe indicated that H460/Cav-1 cells generated significantly higher superoxide anion level in response to cisplatin than that of control cells.	Superoxides	9-25	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	68-73
21761200-6	2011	Further, superoxide anion detected by DHE probe indicated that H460/Cav-1 cells generated significantly higher superoxide anion level in response to cisplatin than that of control cells.	Superoxides	111-127	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	68-73
21761200-7	2011	The role of Cav-1 in regulating cisplatin sensitivity was confirmed in shRNA-mediated Cav-1 down-regulated (H460/shCav-1) cells and the cells exhibited decreased cisplatin susceptibility and superoxide generation.	Superoxides	191-201	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	12-17
21761200-7	2011	The role of Cav-1 in regulating cisplatin sensitivity was confirmed in shRNA-mediated Cav-1 down-regulated (H460/shCav-1) cells and the cells exhibited decreased cisplatin susceptibility and superoxide generation.	Superoxides	191-201	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	86-91
21824519-3	2011	Homozygous mutation of Immp2l (Immp2l(Tg(Tyr)979Ove) or Immp2l(-/-)) elevates mitochondrial membrane potential, increases superoxide (O(2)(-)) production in the brain and impairs fertility.	Superoxides	122-132	IMP2 inner mitochondrial membrane peptidase-like (S. cerevisiae)	Mus musculus	23-29
21824519-3	2011	Homozygous mutation of Immp2l (Immp2l(Tg(Tyr)979Ove) or Immp2l(-/-)) elevates mitochondrial membrane potential, increases superoxide (O(2)(-)) production in the brain and impairs fertility.	Superoxides	122-132	IMP2 inner mitochondrial membrane peptidase-like (S. cerevisiae)	Mus musculus	31-37
21824519-3	2011	Homozygous mutation of Immp2l (Immp2l(Tg(Tyr)979Ove) or Immp2l(-/-)) elevates mitochondrial membrane potential, increases superoxide (O(2)(-)) production in the brain and impairs fertility.	Superoxides	122-132	IMP2 inner mitochondrial membrane peptidase-like (S. cerevisiae)	Mus musculus	56-67
21824519-3	2011	Homozygous mutation of Immp2l (Immp2l(Tg(Tyr)979Ove) or Immp2l(-/-)) elevates mitochondrial membrane potential, increases superoxide (O(2)(-)) production in the brain and impairs fertility.	Superoxides	134-138	IMP2 inner mitochondrial membrane peptidase-like (S. cerevisiae)	Mus musculus	23-29
21824519-3	2011	Homozygous mutation of Immp2l (Immp2l(Tg(Tyr)979Ove) or Immp2l(-/-)) elevates mitochondrial membrane potential, increases superoxide (O(2)(-)) production in the brain and impairs fertility.	Superoxides	134-138	IMP2 inner mitochondrial membrane peptidase-like (S. cerevisiae)	Mus musculus	31-37
21824519-3	2011	Homozygous mutation of Immp2l (Immp2l(Tg(Tyr)979Ove) or Immp2l(-/-)) elevates mitochondrial membrane potential, increases superoxide (O(2)(-)) production in the brain and impairs fertility.	Superoxides	134-138	IMP2 inner mitochondrial membrane peptidase-like (S. cerevisiae)	Mus musculus	56-67
21824519-9	2011	The increased damage in Immp2l(+/-) mice was associated with early increase in O(2)(-) production.	Superoxides	79-83	IMP2 inner mitochondrial membrane peptidase-like (S. cerevisiae)	Mus musculus	24-30
21824519-11	2011	Our results suggest that Immp2l deficiency increases ischemic brain damage by enhancing O(2)(-) production and damaging mitochondrial functional performance.	Superoxides	88-92	IMP2 inner mitochondrial membrane peptidase-like (S. cerevisiae)	Mus musculus	25-31
21992268-1	2011	Cysteine dioxygenase (CDO) is a non-heme mononuclear iron enzyme that catalyzes the O(2)-dependent oxidation of L-cysteine (Cys) to produce cysteine sulfinic acid (CSA).	Superoxides	84-88	cell adhesion associated, oncogene regulated	Homo sapiens	22-25
21992268-5	2011	In principle, O(2)( -) can serve as a suitable acceptor for the remaining 3-electrons necessary for CSA formation and regeneration of the active Fe(II)-CDO enzyme (1).	Superoxides	14-18	cell adhesion associated, oncogene regulated	Homo sapiens	152-155
21992268-10	2011	Following treatment with O(2)( -), the specific activity of recovered CDO increased to ~60% relative to untreated enzyme.	Superoxides	25-29	cell adhesion associated, oncogene regulated	Homo sapiens	70-73
21978170-5	2011	Coculture of irradiated human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells with L10-activated THP-1 cells resulted in significantly decreased percentage of viable A549 cells from 66 to 37% (p = 0.018), increased levels of superoxide, interleukin-8, and RANTES, and decreased levels of angiogenin and vascular endothelial growth factor.	Superoxides	208-218	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	80-85
21981804-0	2011	Superoxide anion contributes to the induction of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) through activation of the MKK3/6-p38 MAPK cascade in rat microglia.	Superoxides	0-16	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	49-76
21981804-0	2011	Superoxide anion contributes to the induction of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) through activation of the MKK3/6-p38 MAPK cascade in rat microglia.	Superoxides	0-16	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	78-86
21981804-2	2011	In this study, we investigated the role of O(2)(-) and NO in the induction of TNFalpha in microglia.	Superoxides	43-47	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	78-86
21926345-5	2011	Also, the inhibition of VAMP-2 with tetanus toxin or VAMP-2 siRNA abolished FasL-induced MR clustering, its colocalization with a NADPH oxidase unit gp91(phox), and increased superoxide production.	Superoxides	175-185	vesicle-associated membrane protein 2	Bos taurus	24-30
21926345-5	2011	Also, the inhibition of VAMP-2 with tetanus toxin or VAMP-2 siRNA abolished FasL-induced MR clustering, its colocalization with a NADPH oxidase unit gp91(phox), and increased superoxide production.	Superoxides	175-185	vesicle-associated membrane protein 2	Bos taurus	53-59
21926345-5	2011	Also, the inhibition of VAMP-2 with tetanus toxin or VAMP-2 siRNA abolished FasL-induced MR clustering, its colocalization with a NADPH oxidase unit gp91(phox), and increased superoxide production.	Superoxides	175-185	Fas ligand	Bos taurus	76-80
21784060-7	2011	Interestingly, calyculin A enhanced formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP)-induced superoxide production, while genistein inhibited this process.	Superoxides	70-80	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	36-54
21784060-7	2011	Interestingly, calyculin A enhanced formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP)-induced superoxide production, while genistein inhibited this process.	Superoxides	70-80	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	56-60
21826531-8	2011	Superoxide production was higher in both MAT and SMA of Lepr(db) mice, and anti-IFNgamma reduced MAT and SMA superoxide production.	Superoxides	109-119	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	80-88
21748763-9	2011	Mitochondrial production of superoxide was increased in the jnk2(-/-) and WT mice, compared to the jnk1(-/-) mice, upon pyrazole plus TNF-alpha treatment.	Superoxides	28-38	mitogen-activated protein kinase 9	Mus musculus	60-64
21748763-9	2011	Mitochondrial production of superoxide was increased in the jnk2(-/-) and WT mice, compared to the jnk1(-/-) mice, upon pyrazole plus TNF-alpha treatment.	Superoxides	28-38	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	134-143
21981804-3	2011	The LPS-inducible TNFalpha was significantly suppressed by pretreatment with the O(2)(-) scavenger N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), but not by the NO scavenger 2-(4-Carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl imidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide, suggesting the close association of O(2)(-) with TNFalpha induction.	Superoxides	81-85	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	18-26
22174146-6	2011	Similarly, an increase in superoxide anion promoted by an equipotent dose of aldosterone (10 nmol l(-1)) was blocked by spironolactone or eplerenone, by preventing epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation, but not by inhibiting glucocorticoid receptors or protein synthesis, suggesting non-genomic MR effects.	Superoxides	26-42	nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 2	Rattus norvegicus	306-308
21981804-3	2011	The LPS-inducible TNFalpha was significantly suppressed by pretreatment with the O(2)(-) scavenger N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), but not by the NO scavenger 2-(4-Carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl imidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide, suggesting the close association of O(2)(-) with TNFalpha induction.	Superoxides	81-86	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	18-26
21981804-5	2011	On the other hand, an O(2)(-) donor, 3-(4-Morpholinyl)sydnonimine (SIN-1), induced TNFalpha in microglia, and the effects of SIN-1 were completely abolished in the presence of superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	22-29	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	67-72
21981804-5	2011	On the other hand, an O(2)(-) donor, 3-(4-Morpholinyl)sydnonimine (SIN-1), induced TNFalpha in microglia, and the effects of SIN-1 were completely abolished in the presence of superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	22-29	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	83-91
21981804-5	2011	On the other hand, an O(2)(-) donor, 3-(4-Morpholinyl)sydnonimine (SIN-1), induced TNFalpha in microglia, and the effects of SIN-1 were completely abolished in the presence of superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	22-29	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	125-130
21981804-8	2011	Taken together, these results showed that O(2)(-) is an important signaling molecule for activating the MKK3/6-p38 cascade, which is requisite for inducing TNFalpha in microglia.	Superoxides	42-46	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	156-164
21395369-3	2011	RESULTS: Exogenous hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) treatment or knockdown of the major superoxide scavenger enzyme, superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), by small interfering RNA (siRNA) increases autophagy in mouse and human cell lines.	Superoxides	84-94	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	113-135
21704159-4	2011	We now show that SOD1 is expressed in cortical neurons, that SOD1 expression is increased by exposure of brain slice cultures to E(2), and that the E(2)-mediated increase in SOD1 expression is further augmented by exposure of brain slice cultures to increased superoxide levels or oxygen and glucose deprivation.	Superoxides	260-270	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	17-21
21866283-6	2011	DFT calculations support a proposal that [Co(II)(mebpena)](+) reacts with O(2) to form a Co(III)-superoxide complex which can abstract an H atom from a ligand methylene C atom as the initial step towards the observed oxidative C-N bond cleavage.	Superoxides	97-107	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	42-47
21866283-6	2011	DFT calculations support a proposal that [Co(II)(mebpena)](+) reacts with O(2) to form a Co(III)-superoxide complex which can abstract an H atom from a ligand methylene C atom as the initial step towards the observed oxidative C-N bond cleavage.	Superoxides	97-107	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase III	Homo sapiens	92-95
21847495-1	2011	Our previous studies identified two 2-benzoylaminobenzoate derivatives 1, which potently inhibited superoxide (O(2) (-)) generation induced by formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (FMLP) in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	99-109	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	188-192
21847495-1	2011	Our previous studies identified two 2-benzoylaminobenzoate derivatives 1, which potently inhibited superoxide (O(2) (-)) generation induced by formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (FMLP) in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	111-114	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	188-192
21847495-3	2011	Of these, compounds 17, 18, 46, 49, and 50 showed the most potent inhibitory effect on FMLP-induced release of O(2) (-) in human neutrophils with IC(50) values of 0.20, 0.16, 0.15, 0.06, and 0.29 muM, respectively.	Superoxides	111-115	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	87-91
21847495-3	2011	Of these, compounds 17, 18, 46, 49, and 50 showed the most potent inhibitory effect on FMLP-induced release of O(2) (-) in human neutrophils with IC(50) values of 0.20, 0.16, 0.15, 0.06, and 0.29 muM, respectively.	Superoxides	111-115	latexin	Homo sapiens	196-199
21395369-3	2011	RESULTS: Exogenous hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) treatment or knockdown of the major superoxide scavenger enzyme, superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), by small interfering RNA (siRNA) increases autophagy in mouse and human cell lines.	Superoxides	84-94	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	137-141
21443684-2	2011	Lack of SOD1 may lead to increased superoxide, reduced nitric oxide (NO), and increased peroxynitrite, each of which could initiate muscle fiber loss.	Superoxides	35-45	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	8-12
22004287-5	2011	The generation of eosinophil superoxide anion (O2-) was examined based on the superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of cytochrome C.	Superoxides	29-45	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	124-136
22004287-5	2011	The generation of eosinophil superoxide anion (O2-) was examined based on the superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of cytochrome C.	Superoxides	47-50	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	124-136
21803947-6	2011	Compared with WT-HFD mice, ApoE(-/-)-HFD mice displayed an increase in total plasma cholesterol levels (P &lt; 0.001), vascular (P &lt; 0.05) and platelet (P &lt; 0.05) superoxide (O(2)( -)) production, and reduced endogenous NO( ) bioavailability (P &lt; 0.001).	Superoxides	169-179	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	27-31
21821620-10	2011	Polymers of alpha1AT primed neutrophils with CD62L shedding and increased superoxide production following ANCA activation.	Superoxides	74-84	serpin family A member 1	Homo sapiens	12-20
21729921-7	2011	Propofol ameliorated Ang II-induced NADPH oxidase expression and activation (P&lt;0.01), lipid peroxidation (P&lt;0.05), and superoxide anion generation (P&lt;0.05), whereas restoring NOSIII phosphorylation and activity (P&lt;0.01) were down-regulated by Ang II.	Superoxides	125-141	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	21-27
21757500-0	2011	Role of superoxide radical anion in the mechanism of apoB100 degradation induced by DHA in hepatic cells.	Superoxides	8-32	apolipoprotein B	Homo sapiens	53-60
21443684-7	2011	Muscle fibers from Sod1(-/-) mice showed substantially reduced generation of superoxide in response to contractions compared with fibers from WT mice.	Superoxides	77-87	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	19-23
21832879-4	2011	Mutant p53 melanoma were resistant to a comparable metabolic restriction, only showing PARP fragmentation when glucose depletion was accompanied by treatment with diphenylene iodonium (DPI), a NADPH oxidase inhibitor of superoxide (O2*-) generation.	Superoxides	220-230	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	7-10
21832879-4	2011	Mutant p53 melanoma were resistant to a comparable metabolic restriction, only showing PARP fragmentation when glucose depletion was accompanied by treatment with diphenylene iodonium (DPI), a NADPH oxidase inhibitor of superoxide (O2*-) generation.	Superoxides	232-234	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	7-10
21736939-3	2011	rd10(+/+) mice deficient in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) showed increased levels of superoxide radicals and carbonyl adducts (a marker of oxidative damage) in the retina and more rapid loss of cone function than rd10(+/+) mice with normal levels of SOD1.	Superoxides	28-38	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	52-56
21736939-3	2011	rd10(+/+) mice deficient in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) showed increased levels of superoxide radicals and carbonyl adducts (a marker of oxidative damage) in the retina and more rapid loss of cone function than rd10(+/+) mice with normal levels of SOD1.	Superoxides	28-38	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	250-254
21757500-5	2011	We hypothesized that superoxide (SO) was a major participant in DHA-induced apoB100 degradation, given its promotion of lipid peroxidation.	Superoxides	21-31	apolipoprotein B	Homo sapiens	76-83
21757500-5	2011	We hypothesized that superoxide (SO) was a major participant in DHA-induced apoB100 degradation, given its promotion of lipid peroxidation.	Superoxides	33-35	apolipoprotein B	Homo sapiens	76-83
21859962-4	2011	Stretch-induced fluorescence was reduced significantly (P&lt;0.05) by incubation with Tempol (3.7+-0.8%), pegylated superoxide dismutase (3.2+-1.0%), or apocynin (3.5+-0.9%) but not by pegylated catalase, L-nitroarginine methylester, or Ca(2+)-free medium, relating it to Ca(2+)-independent vascular superoxide.	Superoxides	116-126	catalase	Mus musculus	195-203
22217996-3	2011	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3), a copper and zinc superoxide dismutase, which is expressed in selected tissues, is secreted into the extracellular space and catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide radical to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen.	Superoxides	197-215	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-40
21865594-1	2011	Superoxide dismutase 1 (Sod1) is an important antioxidative enzyme that converts superoxide anions to hydrogen peroxide and water.	Superoxides	81-98	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-22
21865594-1	2011	Superoxide dismutase 1 (Sod1) is an important antioxidative enzyme that converts superoxide anions to hydrogen peroxide and water.	Superoxides	81-98	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	24-28
21621610-1	2011	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (ECSOD) is the major superoxide-scavenging enzyme in the lung.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-41
21876076-10	2011	Preincubation with superoxide inhibitor or scavenger attenuated the Ang II-induced vasoconstriction in control but not in MS rats.	Superoxides	19-29	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	68-74
21804961-0	2011	Superoxide radical biosensor based on a nano-composite containing cytochrome c.	Superoxides	0-18	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	66-78
21804961-1	2011	A biosensor for the quantification of superoxide radical (O(2) (-)) was developed based on a nano-composite containing cytochrome c (Cyt c), carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes and a room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL).	Superoxides	38-56	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	119-131
21804961-1	2011	A biosensor for the quantification of superoxide radical (O(2) (-)) was developed based on a nano-composite containing cytochrome c (Cyt c), carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes and a room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL).	Superoxides	38-56	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	133-138
21804961-1	2011	A biosensor for the quantification of superoxide radical (O(2) (-)) was developed based on a nano-composite containing cytochrome c (Cyt c), carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes and a room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL).	Superoxides	58-66	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	119-131
21804961-1	2011	A biosensor for the quantification of superoxide radical (O(2) (-)) was developed based on a nano-composite containing cytochrome c (Cyt c), carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes and a room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL).	Superoxides	58-66	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	133-138
21804961-4	2011	The biosensor showed a relatively high sensitivity (7.455 A M(-1) cm(-2)) and a long term stability (180 days) towards O(2) (-) in the concentration range from 0.05 to 8.1 muM with a detection limit of 0.03 muM.	Superoxides	119-123	latexin	Homo sapiens	172-175
21804961-4	2011	The biosensor showed a relatively high sensitivity (7.455 A M(-1) cm(-2)) and a long term stability (180 days) towards O(2) (-) in the concentration range from 0.05 to 8.1 muM with a detection limit of 0.03 muM.	Superoxides	119-123	latexin	Homo sapiens	207-210
21875910-5	2011	Depletion of LysM(+) cells attenuated ATII-induced blood pressure increase (measured by radiotelemetry) and vascular endothelial and smooth muscle dysfunction (assessed by aortic ring relaxation studies) and reduced vascular superoxide formation (measured by chemiluminescence, cytochrome c assay, and oxidative fluorescence microtopography) and the expression of NADPH oxidase subunits gp91(phox) and p67(phox) (assessed by Western blot and mRNA reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction).	Superoxides	225-235	lysozyme 2	Mus musculus	13-17
20712406-4	2011	p53 orchestrates mitochondrial redox signaling by the coordinated control of at least two key effectors: the superoxide scavenger MnSOD, and the ROS generator p66shc.	Superoxides	109-119	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	0-3
21586323-5	2011	Our findings demonstrate that Nox2ds, but not its scrambled control, potently inhibited superoxide (O(2)( -)) production in the Nox2 cell-free system, as assessed by the cytochrome c assay.	Superoxides	88-98	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	170-182
21586323-5	2011	Our findings demonstrate that Nox2ds, but not its scrambled control, potently inhibited superoxide (O(2)( -)) production in the Nox2 cell-free system, as assessed by the cytochrome c assay.	Superoxides	100-104	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	170-182
21708247-6	2011	The critical role of NADPH-oxidase-dependent superoxide generation in this cross-talk mechanism is corroborated by the finding that apocynin or a siRNA against p22(phox) prevents EGFR transactivation and c-Src kinase activity.	Superoxides	45-55	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	179-183
22308229-2	2011	Our previous study has shown that angiotensin II (Ang II)-NADPH oxidase-superoxide signaling is associated with the reduced cell excitability in the aortic baroreceptor neurons (a primary afferent limb of the arterial baroreflex) from diabetic rats.	Superoxides	72-82	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	34-48
22308229-2	2011	Our previous study has shown that angiotensin II (Ang II)-NADPH oxidase-superoxide signaling is associated with the reduced cell excitability in the aortic baroreceptor neurons (a primary afferent limb of the arterial baroreflex) from diabetic rats.	Superoxides	72-82	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	50-56
22308229-8	2011	These results indicate that overactivation of the Ang II-NADPH oxidase-superoxide signal pathway in the nodose ganglia contributes to the blunted baroreflex sensitivity in diabetes.	Superoxides	71-81	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	50-56
21896159-6	2011	ApoE KO-MNC mice also have reduced production of superoxide anions and increased eNOS expression compared to apoE KO mice.	Superoxides	49-66	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	0-4
21703327-7	2011	Exposure of bronchial epithelial cells to O(2)(-), ONOO(-) or H(2)O(2) induced expression of CHOP, whereas NO alone did not.	Superoxides	42-46	DNA damage inducible transcript 3	Homo sapiens	93-97
21703327-8	2011	Induction of CHOP mRNA by cigarette smoke extract (CSE) was attenuated by scavengers for O(2)(-), ONOO(-) or NO, whereas scavenging H(2)O(2) did not affect the induction of CHOP.	Superoxides	89-93	DNA damage inducible transcript 3	Homo sapiens	13-17
21703327-9	2011	Like CSE, O(2)(-) and ONOO(-) caused activation of the CHOP gene promoter.	Superoxides	10-14	DNA damage inducible transcript 3	Homo sapiens	55-59
21703327-10	2011	Scavengers for O(2)(-), ONOO(-) or NO attenuated CSE-triggered activation of the CHOP gene promoter.	Superoxides	15-19	DNA damage inducible transcript 3	Homo sapiens	81-85
21703327-14	2011	These results suggest that O(2)(-) and ONOO(-) are selectively involved in CSE-triggered induction of CHOP and that the PERK-eIF2alpha pathway plays a crucial role in the induction of CHOP and apoptosis downstream of the particular reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	27-31	DNA damage inducible transcript 3	Homo sapiens	102-106
21719741-1	2011	Mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD2) prevents accumulation of the superoxide that arises as a consequence of oxidative phosphorylation.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	36-40
21724868-0	2011	Suppression of eNOS-derived superoxide by caveolin-1: a biopterin-dependent mechanism.	Superoxides	28-38	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	15-19
21724868-0	2011	Suppression of eNOS-derived superoxide by caveolin-1: a biopterin-dependent mechanism.	Superoxides	28-38	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	42-52
21724868-2	2011	In the absence of the requisite eNOS cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin (BH(4)), NADPH oxidation is uncoupled from NO generation, leading to the production of superoxide.	Superoxides	153-163	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	32-36
21724868-4	2011	In the current study, we investigated the effects of both BH(4) depletion and oxidation on eNOS-derived superoxide production in endothelial cells in an attempt to elucidate the molecular mechanisms regulating eNOS oxidase activity.	Superoxides	104-114	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	91-95
21724868-9	2011	Moreover, when caveolin-1 silencing was combined with a pharmacological inhibitor of AKT, BH(4) depletion increased eNOS-derived superoxide to 165% of that observed with BH(4) oxidation.	Superoxides	129-139	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	15-25
21724868-9	2011	Moreover, when caveolin-1 silencing was combined with a pharmacological inhibitor of AKT, BH(4) depletion increased eNOS-derived superoxide to 165% of that observed with BH(4) oxidation.	Superoxides	129-139	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	85-88
21724868-9	2011	Moreover, when caveolin-1 silencing was combined with a pharmacological inhibitor of AKT, BH(4) depletion increased eNOS-derived superoxide to 165% of that observed with BH(4) oxidation.	Superoxides	129-139	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	116-120
21198553-8	2011	NADPH-oxidase-derived superoxide avidly reacts with eNOS-derived NO to form peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)).	Superoxides	22-32	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	52-56
21705187-5	2011	Serotonin and superoxide produced by polymorphonuclear leukocytes were also higher than in coronary disease patients (5.4 ng/mL, P = 0.001, and 97 nmol/10 x E8 x minutes, P = 0.005), and big endothelin-1 levels tended to be higher (0.99 fmol/mL, P = 0.073).	Superoxides	14-24	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	191-203
21838680-2	2011	The increased oxidative stress in subjects with type 2 diabetes is a consequence of several abnormalities, including hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and dyslipidemia, each of which contributes to mitochondrial superoxide overproduction in endothelial cells of large and small vessels as well as the myocardium.	Superoxides	231-241	insulin	Homo sapiens	132-139
22156677-5	2011	Superoxide radicals as secondary messengers involve in the induction of T cells viability and proliferative activity regulating genes (CD95L and IL-2) and by this way contribute modification of cell proliferation and apoptosis intensity.	Superoxides	0-19	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	145-149
21700895-0	2011	Effects of acute and chronic endurance exercise on intracellular nitric oxide and superoxide in circulating CD34+ and CD34- cells.	Superoxides	82-92	CD34 molecule	Homo sapiens	108-112
21700895-0	2011	Effects of acute and chronic endurance exercise on intracellular nitric oxide and superoxide in circulating CD34+ and CD34- cells.	Superoxides	82-92	CD34 molecule	Homo sapiens	118-122
21966644-7	2011	RESULTS: Superoxide levels increased 1.4-fold in the muscle of mice with cancer cachexia, and this was associated with a decrease in mRNA of NOX enzyme subunits, NOX2, p40(phox) and p67(phox) along with the antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2 and GPx.	Superoxides	9-19	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	227-231
21966644-7	2011	RESULTS: Superoxide levels increased 1.4-fold in the muscle of mice with cancer cachexia, and this was associated with a decrease in mRNA of NOX enzyme subunits, NOX2, p40(phox) and p67(phox) along with the antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2 and GPx.	Superoxides	9-19	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	233-237
21642378-4	2011	Furthermore, new data are presented that provide novel insights into how disruption of the eNOS dimer prevents eNOS uncoupling and the production of superoxide under conditions of elevated oxidative stress and identifies a novel regulatory region we have termed the "flexible arm".	Superoxides	149-159	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	91-95
21642378-4	2011	Furthermore, new data are presented that provide novel insights into how disruption of the eNOS dimer prevents eNOS uncoupling and the production of superoxide under conditions of elevated oxidative stress and identifies a novel regulatory region we have termed the "flexible arm".	Superoxides	149-159	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	111-115
21665943-3	2011	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	56-73	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
21665943-8	2011	Inhalation of PC-SOD suppressed the elastase-induced increase in the pulmonary level of superoxide anions and apoptosis.	Superoxides	88-105	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	14-20
21665943-11	2011	The results suggest that PC-SOD protects against pulmonary emphysema by decreasing the pulmonary level of superoxide anions, resulting in the inhibition of inflammation and apoptosis and amelioration of the protease/antiprotease imbalance.	Superoxides	106-123	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	25-31
21697181-0	2011	Contribution of persistent C-Jun N-terminal kinase activity to the survival of human vestibular schwannoma cells by suppression of accumulation of mitochondrial superoxides.	Superoxides	161-172	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	27-50
21697181-9	2011	VS cultures treated with JNK inhibitors demonstrated significantly higher levels of MitoSOX Red fluorescence, implying that persistent JNK activity specifically suppresses superoxide production in the mitochondria.	Superoxides	172-182	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	25-28
21697181-9	2011	VS cultures treated with JNK inhibitors demonstrated significantly higher levels of MitoSOX Red fluorescence, implying that persistent JNK activity specifically suppresses superoxide production in the mitochondria.	Superoxides	172-182	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	135-138
21697181-11	2011	Taken together, these results indicate that persistent JNK activity enhances VS cell survival, at least in part, by suppressing accumulation of mitochondrial superoxides.	Superoxides	158-169	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	55-58
21635951-5	2011	However, high amounts of NO produced by inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and/or peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)), a reactive intermediate of NO with superoxide anion are involved in pro-inflammatory reactions and tissue damage as well.	Superoxides	136-152	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	40-61
21860369-12	2011	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases and uncoupled nitric oxide synthase (NOS) were the major sources of superoxide in VV, because their inhibitors greatly attenuated superoxide production in VV.	Superoxides	129-139	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	75-96
21860369-12	2011	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases and uncoupled nitric oxide synthase (NOS) were the major sources of superoxide in VV, because their inhibitors greatly attenuated superoxide production in VV.	Superoxides	191-201	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	75-96
21563797-6	2011	Tat-Sab(KIM1) selectivity was also demonstrated in anisomycin-stressed HeLa cells where Tat-Sab(KIM1) prevented Bcl-2 phosphorylation, cell death, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and superoxide generation but not c-Jun phosphorylation.	Superoxides	193-203	SH3 domain binding protein 5	Homo sapiens	4-7
21563797-6	2011	Tat-Sab(KIM1) selectivity was also demonstrated in anisomycin-stressed HeLa cells where Tat-Sab(KIM1) prevented Bcl-2 phosphorylation, cell death, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and superoxide generation but not c-Jun phosphorylation.	Superoxides	193-203	SH3 domain binding protein 5	Homo sapiens	92-95
21666221-0	2011	Superoxide induces endothelial nitric-oxide synthase protein thiyl radical formation, a novel mechanism regulating eNOS function and coupling.	Superoxides	0-10	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	19-52
21666221-0	2011	Superoxide induces endothelial nitric-oxide synthase protein thiyl radical formation, a novel mechanism regulating eNOS function and coupling.	Superoxides	0-10	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	115-119
21666221-3	2011	We demonstrate endothelial NOS (eNOS) oxidant-induced protein thiyl radical formation from tetrahydrobiopterin-free enzyme or following exposure to exogenous superoxide using immunoblotting, immunostaining, and mass spectrometry.	Superoxides	158-168	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	15-30
21666221-3	2011	We demonstrate endothelial NOS (eNOS) oxidant-induced protein thiyl radical formation from tetrahydrobiopterin-free enzyme or following exposure to exogenous superoxide using immunoblotting, immunostaining, and mass spectrometry.	Superoxides	158-168	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	32-36
21666221-4	2011	Spin trapping with 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) followed by immunoblotting using an anti-DMPO antibody demonstrated the formation of eNOS protein radicals, which were abolished by superoxide dismutase and L-NAME, indicating that protein radical formation was due to superoxide generation from the eNOS heme.	Superoxides	191-201	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	144-148
21666221-4	2011	Spin trapping with 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) followed by immunoblotting using an anti-DMPO antibody demonstrated the formation of eNOS protein radicals, which were abolished by superoxide dismutase and L-NAME, indicating that protein radical formation was due to superoxide generation from the eNOS heme.	Superoxides	191-201	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	308-312
21666221-9	2011	Furthermore, in endothelial cells treated with menadione to trigger cellular superoxide generation, eNOS protein radical formation, as visualized with confocal microscopy, was increased, and these results were confirmed by immunoprecipitation with anti-eNOS antibody, followed by immunoblotting with an anti-DMPO antibody.	Superoxides	77-87	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	100-104
21666221-9	2011	Furthermore, in endothelial cells treated with menadione to trigger cellular superoxide generation, eNOS protein radical formation, as visualized with confocal microscopy, was increased, and these results were confirmed by immunoprecipitation with anti-eNOS antibody, followed by immunoblotting with an anti-DMPO antibody.	Superoxides	77-87	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	253-257
21666221-10	2011	Thus, eNOS protein radical formation provides the basis for a mechanism of superoxide-directed regulation of eNOS, involving thiol oxidation, defining a unique pathway for the redox regulation of cardiovascular function.	Superoxides	75-85	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	6-10
21666221-10	2011	Thus, eNOS protein radical formation provides the basis for a mechanism of superoxide-directed regulation of eNOS, involving thiol oxidation, defining a unique pathway for the redox regulation of cardiovascular function.	Superoxides	75-85	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	109-113
21709927-0	2011	CdSe/ZnS quantum dot-Cytochrome c bioconjugates for selective intracellular O2 - sensing.	Superoxides	76-78	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	21-33
21709927-1	2011	We demonstrate that the coupling system of negatively capped CdSe/ZnS QDs with an oxidized Cytochrome c (Cyt c) is capable of the fluorescent imaging of a superoxide radical (O(2) -) with high sensitivity and specificity in living cells, without interference from other Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) or relevant intracellular components.	Superoxides	155-173	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	91-103
21709927-1	2011	We demonstrate that the coupling system of negatively capped CdSe/ZnS QDs with an oxidized Cytochrome c (Cyt c) is capable of the fluorescent imaging of a superoxide radical (O(2) -) with high sensitivity and specificity in living cells, without interference from other Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) or relevant intracellular components.	Superoxides	155-173	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	105-110
21709927-1	2011	We demonstrate that the coupling system of negatively capped CdSe/ZnS QDs with an oxidized Cytochrome c (Cyt c) is capable of the fluorescent imaging of a superoxide radical (O(2) -) with high sensitivity and specificity in living cells, without interference from other Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) or relevant intracellular components.	Superoxides	175-182	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	91-103
21709927-1	2011	We demonstrate that the coupling system of negatively capped CdSe/ZnS QDs with an oxidized Cytochrome c (Cyt c) is capable of the fluorescent imaging of a superoxide radical (O(2) -) with high sensitivity and specificity in living cells, without interference from other Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) or relevant intracellular components.	Superoxides	175-182	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	105-110
21659534-6	2011	Furthermore, the tMPT/superoxide flash served as a convergence point for pro- and anti-apoptotic regulation mediated by cyclophilin D and Bcl-2 proteins.	Superoxides	22-32	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	138-143
21620448-2	2011	NADPH oxidase is a major source of intracellular superoxide, which is converted to the less toxic product by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	49-59	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	109-129
21620448-2	2011	NADPH oxidase is a major source of intracellular superoxide, which is converted to the less toxic product by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	49-59	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	131-134
21620448-3	2011	Superoxide contributes to hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha stabilization.	Superoxides	0-10	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	26-63
21640818-2	2011	It has been shown that, in the absence of gamma-interferon inducible lysosomal thiol reductase (GILT), cells are under increased oxidative stress with higher superoxide levels and decreased stability, expression, and function of mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2).	Superoxides	158-168	IFI30 lysosomal thiol reductase	Homo sapiens	96-100
21712056-10	2011	The ability of BRS-3 to regulate EGFR transactivation in NCI-H1299-BRS-3 cells was reduced by AG1478 or gefitinib (EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors), GM6001 (matrix metalloprotease inhibitor), PP2 (Src inhibitor), N-acetylcysteine (anti-oxidant), Tiron (superoxide scavenger) and DPI (NADPH oxidase inhibitor).	Superoxides	253-263	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	33-37
21737013-13	2011	CONCLUSIONS: Small arteries from visceral fat of obese patients are characterized by an increased TNF-alpha production, which reduces NO availability by promoting superoxide generation via nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and iNOS activation.	Superoxides	163-173	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	98-107
21487074-9	2011	In cell culture, exposure of lung fibroblasts to Ang II increased CTGF expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner, which could be abolished by inhibition of superoxide, NO, and peroxynitrite accumulation.	Superoxides	162-172	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	49-55
21419845-7	2011	The suppression of oxygen consumption by addition of SOD or catalase further confirmed the production of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	105-115	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	53-56
21635550-6	2011	Additionally, the function of JNK pathway in generation of superoxide anion was determined.	Superoxides	59-75	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	30-33
21474820-5	2011	IL17A/ApoE(-/-) mice had reduced aortic superoxide production, increased aortic nitric oxide levels, decreased aortic leukocyte and dendritic cell infiltration, and reduced weight gain after a high-fat diet compared with ApoE(-/-) mice.	Superoxides	40-50	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	6-10
21285291-8	2011	Activation of Ang II-stimulated signalling pathways in the ACE2-deficient myocardium was associated with increased expression and phosphorylation of p47(phox), NADPH oxidase activity, and superoxide generation, leading to enhanced MMP-mediated degradation of the extracellular matrix.	Superoxides	188-198	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	14-20
21285291-8	2011	Activation of Ang II-stimulated signalling pathways in the ACE2-deficient myocardium was associated with increased expression and phosphorylation of p47(phox), NADPH oxidase activity, and superoxide generation, leading to enhanced MMP-mediated degradation of the extracellular matrix.	Superoxides	188-198	angiotensin I converting enzyme (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) 2	Mus musculus	59-63
21285291-9	2011	Additional loss of p47(phox) in the ACE2KO mice normalized the increased NADPH oxidase activity, superoxide production, and systolic dysfunction following pressure overload.	Superoxides	97-107	NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47)	Mus musculus	19-22
21285291-9	2011	Additional loss of p47(phox) in the ACE2KO mice normalized the increased NADPH oxidase activity, superoxide production, and systolic dysfunction following pressure overload.	Superoxides	97-107	NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47)	Mus musculus	23-27
21419845-7	2011	The suppression of oxygen consumption by addition of SOD or catalase further confirmed the production of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	105-115	catalase	Homo sapiens	60-68
21545835-8	2011	This EPR signal was quenched by the addition of the superoxide scavenging enzyme Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1).	Superoxides	52-62	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	109-113
21545835-0	2011	Removal of H2O2 and generation of superoxide radical: role of cytochrome c and NADH.	Superoxides	34-52	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	62-74
21554318-7	2011	Interestingly, NSC34 cells expressing mutant SOD1 are more sensitive to a superoxide-induced oxidative stress.	Superoxides	74-84	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	45-49
21474567-8	2011	In contrast, anti-PECAM/SOD, but not anti-PECAM/catalase, inhibited a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced increase in endothelial permeability, identifying a key role of endogenous O(2)() in the VEGF-mediated regulation of endothelial barrier function.	Superoxides	195-201	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	70-104
21474567-8	2011	In contrast, anti-PECAM/SOD, but not anti-PECAM/catalase, inhibited a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced increase in endothelial permeability, identifying a key role of endogenous O(2)() in the VEGF-mediated regulation of endothelial barrier function.	Superoxides	195-201	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	106-110
20586113-2	2011	However, superoxide production during respiratory burst (RB) of non-differentiated THP-1 (nd-THP-1) cells is very low.	Superoxides	9-19	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	83-88
20586113-2	2011	However, superoxide production during respiratory burst (RB) of non-differentiated THP-1 (nd-THP-1) cells is very low.	Superoxides	9-19	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	93-98
21600945-8	2011	Stimulation of B1R with a selective agonist (des-Arg9-BK, 10 muM; 30 min) increased O2( -)production which was prevented by apocynin and diphenyleneiodonium (NADPH oxidase inhibitors).	Superoxides	84-86	bradykinin receptor B1	Homo sapiens	15-18
21443946-7	2011	Knockdown of Nrf2 expression using an siRNA approach attenuated basal Nox4 expression; however, it enhanced superoxide/ROS generation under both normoxia and hyperoxia.	Superoxides	108-118	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	13-17
21421868-8	2011	RESULTS: The level of superoxide anion in the RGC layer was significantly higher in 24-week-old SOD1-deficient mice than in wild-type mice.	Superoxides	22-38	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	96-100
21474673-2	2011	We recently showed that Bcl-2 overexpression inhibited apoptosis in leukemia cells by creating a pro-oxidant intracellular milieu, and that inhibiting intracellular superoxide production sensitized Bcl-2-overexpressing cells to apoptotic stimuli.	Superoxides	165-175	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	24-29
21474673-2	2011	We recently showed that Bcl-2 overexpression inhibited apoptosis in leukemia cells by creating a pro-oxidant intracellular milieu, and that inhibiting intracellular superoxide production sensitized Bcl-2-overexpressing cells to apoptotic stimuli.	Superoxides	165-175	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	198-203
21474673-3	2011	We report here that silencing and functional inhibition of Rac1 block Bcl-2-mediated increase in intracellular superoxide levels in tumor cells.	Superoxides	111-121	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	70-75
21474673-6	2011	That this interaction is functionally relevant is supported by the ability of the Bcl-2 BH3 peptide as well as the silencing and functional inhibition of Rac1 to inhibit intracellular superoxide production as well as overcome Bcl-2-mediated drug resistance in human leukemia cells and cervical cancer cells.	Superoxides	184-194	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	82-87
21570954-3	2011	Superoxide production was increased 2.4-fold in the skeletal muscle of Ang II infused mice, and this increase was prevented in p47(phox)(-/-) mice.	Superoxides	0-10	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	71-77
21570954-3	2011	Superoxide production was increased 2.4-fold in the skeletal muscle of Ang II infused mice, and this increase was prevented in p47(phox)(-/-) mice.	Superoxides	0-10	NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47)	Mus musculus	127-130
21570954-4	2011	Apocynin treatment prevented Ang II-induced superoxide production in skeletal muscle, consistent with Ang II increasing NADPH oxidase derived ROS.	Superoxides	44-54	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	29-35
22396877-3	2011	However, in addition to the "classical" humoral RAS there exist local RAS in many tissues and locally formed AII activates NADPH-dependent oxidases, which are a major source of superoxide and are upregulated in major aging-related diseases such as hypertension, diabetes and atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	177-187	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	109-112
21411480-2	2011	In this study, we report that human embryonic kidney cells (HEK) exposed to renin or prorenin for 24 h in the presence of a blocking concentration of the angtiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor perindoprilate increased superoxide anion production as measured by luminescence (lucigenin) and electron spin resonance spectroscopy (hydroxylamine radical transition).	Superoxides	220-236	renin	Homo sapiens	76-81
21427411-12	2011	These findings demonstrate for the first time that AMPK activation rescues impaired EPC functions and suppresses mitochondrial superoxide by inducing MnSOD in type 1 diabetes.	Superoxides	127-137	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	150-155
21545835-9	2011	The amount of superoxide radical adduct formed from the oxidation of NADH by the peroxidase activity of Fe3+cyt c increased with NADH and H2O2 concentration.	Superoxides	14-24	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	108-113
21545835-10	2011	From these results, we propose a mechanism in which the peroxidase activity of Fe3+cyt c oxidizes NADH to NAD( ), which in turn donates an electron to O2, resulting in superoxide radical formation.	Superoxides	151-153	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	83-88
21545835-10	2011	From these results, we propose a mechanism in which the peroxidase activity of Fe3+cyt c oxidizes NADH to NAD( ), which in turn donates an electron to O2, resulting in superoxide radical formation.	Superoxides	168-178	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	83-88
21545835-12	2011	Our results suggest that Fe3+cyt c could have a novel role in the deleterious effects of ischemia/reperfusion and diabetes due to increased production of superoxide radical.	Superoxides	154-172	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	29-34
21545836-7	2011	Treatment with the Nrf2 activator CDDO-Me increased antioxidant gene expression and normalized I/R-induced superoxide in the retina in wild-type but not Nrf2(-/-) mice.	Superoxides	107-117	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	19-23
21397009-2	2011	The mitochondrial intermembrane space (IMS) Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is activated after oxidative modification of its critical thiol moieties by superoxide anion (O2( -)).	Superoxides	154-170	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	72-76
21397009-2	2011	The mitochondrial intermembrane space (IMS) Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is activated after oxidative modification of its critical thiol moieties by superoxide anion (O2( -)).	Superoxides	172-174	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	72-76
21376054-4	2011	Further, Ang-II induced WISP1 was superoxide-dependent, and inhibited by DPI, an inhibitor of NADPH oxidases, and by knockdown of NOX2.	Superoxides	34-44	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	9-15
20945388-4	2011	MSF-2 inhibited fMLP-induced neutrophil superoxide anion production, cathepsin G release and migration in human neutrophils isolated from healthy volunteers, reflecting inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) activation.	Superoxides	40-56	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	16-20
20945388-5	2011	Specifically, PI3K/AKT activation results in migration, degranulation and superoxide anion production in neutrophils.	Superoxides	74-90	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	19-22
21376054-4	2011	Further, Ang-II induced WISP1 was superoxide-dependent, and inhibited by DPI, an inhibitor of NADPH oxidases, and by knockdown of NOX2.	Superoxides	34-44	cellular communication network factor 4	Rattus norvegicus	24-29
21376054-6	2011	Ang-II induced WISP1 expression via superoxide/Akt/GSK3beta/beta-catenin/TCF/LEF and by Akt-dependent CREB activation.	Superoxides	36-46	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
21376054-6	2011	Ang-II induced WISP1 expression via superoxide/Akt/GSK3beta/beta-catenin/TCF/LEF and by Akt-dependent CREB activation.	Superoxides	36-46	cellular communication network factor 4	Rattus norvegicus	15-20
21376054-7	2011	Further, Ang-II also activated CREB via superoxide-mediated p38 MAPK and ERK activation.	Superoxides	40-50	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	9-15
21376054-7	2011	Further, Ang-II also activated CREB via superoxide-mediated p38 MAPK and ERK activation.	Superoxides	40-50	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	73-76
21511303-11	2011	The angiotensin II response involves the production of superoxide and the development of oxidative stress.	Superoxides	55-65	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	4-18
21391659-3	2011	Compounds 6-8, 11, 13, and 15 exhibited inhibition (IC50 values&lt;=18.4 muM) of superoxide anion generation by human neutrophils in response to formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine/cytochalasin B (fMLP/CB).	Superoxides	81-97	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	205-209
21463685-0	2011	The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway mediates retinal progenitor cell survival under hypoxic and superoxide stress.	Superoxides	86-96	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	9-12
21497204-8	2011	SIN-1 decomposition products, NO and superoxide anion or peroxynitrite, induced greater cytotoxicity in lymphocyte cultures (separately and in whole blood) supplemented with HEPES - the organic buffer that is widely used to maintain stable physiological pH in cell cultures -, due to H(2)O(2) production, than in cultures without HEPES.	Superoxides	37-53	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
21454694-7	2011	In cytokine-treated human lung microvascular endothelial cells, disruption of B1R-CPM heterodimers inhibited B1R-dependent NO production stimulated by bradykinin and blocked the increased endothelial permeability caused by treatment with bradykinin and pyrogallol (a superoxide generator).	Superoxides	267-277	bradykinin receptor B1	Homo sapiens	78-81
21454694-7	2011	In cytokine-treated human lung microvascular endothelial cells, disruption of B1R-CPM heterodimers inhibited B1R-dependent NO production stimulated by bradykinin and blocked the increased endothelial permeability caused by treatment with bradykinin and pyrogallol (a superoxide generator).	Superoxides	267-277	bradykinin receptor B1	Homo sapiens	109-112
21513697-0	2011	Reduced endothelial dependent vasodilation in vessels from TLR4(-/-) mice is associated with increased superoxide generation.	Superoxides	103-113	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	59-63
21513697-4	2011	We have used en face confocal imaging of mesenteric arteries from mice deficient in the TLR4 receptor stained with dihydroethidium (DHE) to measure superoxide production.	Superoxides	148-158	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	88-92
21513697-6	2011	Mesenteric arteries from TLR4(-/-) mice had a reduced endothelial dependent relaxant response and increased superoxide levels when stimulated with acetylcholine.	Superoxides	108-118	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	25-29
21513697-7	2011	Increased levels of superoxide, as detected by DHE staining, were seen in vessels from TLR4(-/-) mice, which were reduced to control levels in the presence of MnCl(2).	Superoxides	20-30	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	87-91
21513697-8	2011	Our observations suggest that loss of TLR4 increases superoxide generation which reduces the biological activity of endothelial derived nitric oxide and thereby explains the endothelial dysfunction and associated cardiovascular phenotype in TLR4(-/-) mice.	Superoxides	53-63	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	38-42
21513697-8	2011	Our observations suggest that loss of TLR4 increases superoxide generation which reduces the biological activity of endothelial derived nitric oxide and thereby explains the endothelial dysfunction and associated cardiovascular phenotype in TLR4(-/-) mice.	Superoxides	53-63	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	241-245
21261471-1	2011	Oxidative stress has been shown to convert endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) from an NO-producing enzyme to an enzyme that generates superoxide, a process termed NOS uncoupling.	Superoxides	140-150	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	43-76
21460183-5	2011	The increased superoxide content induces c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1) kinase activity, which in turn affects FOXO localization through a compensatory dephosphorylation of Akt.	Superoxides	14-24	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	41-66
21575165-3	2011	ET-1 is reported to augment superoxide anion generation and may counteract nitric oxide (NO) vasodilation.	Superoxides	28-44	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
21575165-14	2011	The superoxide scavenger tiron (10 muM) and the putative NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin (10 muM) leftward shifted concentration-response curves for O2 lowering without changing vasodilation to 1% O2.	Superoxides	4-14	latexin	Homo sapiens	35-38
21460183-5	2011	The increased superoxide content induces c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1) kinase activity, which in turn affects FOXO localization through a compensatory dephosphorylation of Akt.	Superoxides	14-24	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	68-72
21460183-5	2011	The increased superoxide content induces c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1) kinase activity, which in turn affects FOXO localization through a compensatory dephosphorylation of Akt.	Superoxides	14-24	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	175-178
21453242-3	2011	Indeed SOD blunts the cascade of oxidations initiated by superoxide.	Superoxides	57-67	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	7-10
21454558-7	2011	Mitochondrial superoxide production was shown to be the source of JNK-induced ROS amplification, as an NADPH oxidase inhibitor demonstrated little impact on JNK-mediated ROS generation.	Superoxides	14-24	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	66-69
21454558-8	2011	Using mitochondrial isolation from JNK null fibroblasts and targeting the mitochondrial scaffold of JNK, Sab, we demonstrated that mitochondrial JNK signaling was responsible for mitochondrial superoxide amplification.	Superoxides	193-203	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	35-38
21454558-8	2011	Using mitochondrial isolation from JNK null fibroblasts and targeting the mitochondrial scaffold of JNK, Sab, we demonstrated that mitochondrial JNK signaling was responsible for mitochondrial superoxide amplification.	Superoxides	193-203	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	100-103
21454558-8	2011	Using mitochondrial isolation from JNK null fibroblasts and targeting the mitochondrial scaffold of JNK, Sab, we demonstrated that mitochondrial JNK signaling was responsible for mitochondrial superoxide amplification.	Superoxides	193-203	SH3 domain binding protein 5	Homo sapiens	105-108
21454558-8	2011	Using mitochondrial isolation from JNK null fibroblasts and targeting the mitochondrial scaffold of JNK, Sab, we demonstrated that mitochondrial JNK signaling was responsible for mitochondrial superoxide amplification.	Superoxides	193-203	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	100-103
21421868-2	2011	METHODS: In the SOD1 total knockout (SOD1-deficient) mice, the level of superoxide anion was measured using dihydroethidium.	Superoxides	72-88	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	16-20
21421868-2	2011	METHODS: In the SOD1 total knockout (SOD1-deficient) mice, the level of superoxide anion was measured using dihydroethidium.	Superoxides	72-88	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	37-41
21145826-8	2011	Moreover, menadione or 2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, which generate intracellular superoxide anion or hydrogen peroxide, respectively, induced ERK1/2 and JNK1/2 activation and migration.	Superoxides	86-102	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	147-153
21338338-7	2011	Furthermore, in the present paper we report a 3-fold increase in cellular levels of ROS (reactive oxygen species), in particular superoxide anion, mainly produced by DS-HSF mitochondria.	Superoxides	129-145	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	169-172
21284489-4	2011	Furthermore, its effect on generation of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals produced within infiltrated neutrophils was measured by cytochrome c and deoxyribose assay, respectively.	Superoxides	41-51	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	130-142
21145826-8	2011	Moreover, menadione or 2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, which generate intracellular superoxide anion or hydrogen peroxide, respectively, induced ERK1/2 and JNK1/2 activation and migration.	Superoxides	86-102	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	158-162
21266577-7	2011	In combination with superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, MPO oxidized urate to a reactive hydroperoxide.	Superoxides	20-30	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	54-57
22613021-2	2011	Copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) reacts with superoxide, which is also a substrate for NO, to provide antioxidative protection.	Superoxides	12-22	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	34-38
21443430-6	2011	This decrease in superoxide release was accompanied by diminished mRNA expression for subunit p47(phox) of the phagocyte superoxide-generating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase.	Superoxides	17-27	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	143-194
21443430-6	2011	This decrease in superoxide release was accompanied by diminished mRNA expression for subunit p47(phox) of the phagocyte superoxide-generating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase.	Superoxides	121-131	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	143-194
21321782-5	2011	At an applied potential of +300 mV, PMMA/PANI-Au(nano)/SOD-ESCFM shows highly sensitive detection of O(2) (-).	Superoxides	101-105	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	55-58
21266577-12	2011	The reactions of this radical with superoxide and nitric oxide provide a plausible link between urate and MPO in cardiovascular disease.	Superoxides	35-45	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	106-109
21490199-3	2011	We recently showed that decreasing the level of superoxide through the overexpression of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD-2) prevents memory deficits in the Tg2576 mouse model of AD.	Superoxides	48-58	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	125-130
21490199-9	2011	Finally, in transgenic mice overexpressing SOD-2, Abeta-induced LTP impairments and superoxide generation were prevented.	Superoxides	84-94	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	43-48
21239112-2	2011	Activation of S1PR(1) has been reported to increase the formation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase-derived superoxide (O(2)( -)) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-derived nitric oxide (NO).	Superoxides	137-147	sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	14-21
21425153-7	2011	Increased activation of p38MAPK, MAPKAPK2, and Hsp27 was observed in lung cancer stem cells compared with control A549 cells both before and after exposure to superoxide and chemotoxic agents.	Superoxides	159-169	MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 2	Mus musculus	33-41
20977430-2	2011	Our present study was designed to evaluate whether RWPs act directly in the vascular wall improving endothelial dysfunction and O(2)( -) production induced by ET-1 and to analyse the compounds responsible for these protective effects.	Superoxides	128-133	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	159-163
20977430-4	2011	ET-1 reduced the relaxant responses to acetylcholine, increased intracellular O(2)( -) production, NADPH oxidase activity and protein expression of NADPH oxidase subunit p47phox.	Superoxides	78-83	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
21215798-4	2011	Inactivation of the superoxide dismutase gene (Sod2) encoding the chief defense enzyme against mitochondrial superoxide radicals results in neonatal lethality.	Superoxides	20-30	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	47-51
21270817-9	2011	These findings indicate that superoxide production contributes to Ang II-induced astrocyte senescence.	Superoxides	29-39	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	66-72
21300668-3	2011	Scavengers of superoxide (superoxide dismutase and manganese [III] tetrakis[1-methyl-4-pyridyl]porphyrin) abrogated equol stimulated Akt and eNOS phosphorylation, and the mitochondrial complex I inhibitor rotenone inhibited Akt, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, and eNOS phosphorylation, as well as NO-mediated increases in intracellular cGMP.	Superoxides	14-24	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	133-136
21300668-3	2011	Scavengers of superoxide (superoxide dismutase and manganese [III] tetrakis[1-methyl-4-pyridyl]porphyrin) abrogated equol stimulated Akt and eNOS phosphorylation, and the mitochondrial complex I inhibitor rotenone inhibited Akt, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, and eNOS phosphorylation, as well as NO-mediated increases in intracellular cGMP.	Superoxides	14-24	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	224-227
21300668-3	2011	Scavengers of superoxide (superoxide dismutase and manganese [III] tetrakis[1-methyl-4-pyridyl]porphyrin) abrogated equol stimulated Akt and eNOS phosphorylation, and the mitochondrial complex I inhibitor rotenone inhibited Akt, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, and eNOS phosphorylation, as well as NO-mediated increases in intracellular cGMP.	Superoxides	14-24	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	229-270
21280062-3	2011	We hypothesize that the enhanced chemiluminescence produced by Sod2 and Sod1 deficiency reflects in situ superoxide generation in the mitochondria and cytoplasm, respectively.	Superoxides	105-115	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	63-67
21369578-4	2011	Reactions involving redox cycles between the Ce(3+) and Ce(4+) oxidation states allow nanoceria to react catalytically with superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, mimicking the behavior of two key antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase and catalase, potentially abating all noxious intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) via a self-regenerating mechanism.	Superoxides	124-134	catalase	Homo sapiens	238-246
21340460-11	2011	These results indicate that c-Src in the PVN is involved in the enhanced CSAR and sympathetic activation in renovascular hypertension, and mediates the excitatory effects of Ang II in the PVN on the CSAR and sympathetic activity via NAD(P)H oxidase-derived generation of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	271-288	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	174-180
21295319-3	2011	Among the isolates, hiiranlactone B (2) and hiiranlactone D (4) exhibited inhibitory activity against fMLP-induced superoxide production by human neutrophils with IC(50) values of 21.86+-3.97 and 25.78+-4.77muM, respectively.	Superoxides	115-125	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	102-106
21279210-4	2011	Superoxide is present at low levels and disproportionates in aqueous media; however, the homogeneous kinetics are included in our simulations and the results show that it is possible to estimate the magnitude of the flux of superoxide produced by the cells and to accurately determine the time-dependence of the flux in response to stimuli such as injection of parathyroid hormone, vitamin D(3) and pertussis toxin.	Superoxides	0-10	parathyroid hormone	Homo sapiens	361-380
21279210-4	2011	Superoxide is present at low levels and disproportionates in aqueous media; however, the homogeneous kinetics are included in our simulations and the results show that it is possible to estimate the magnitude of the flux of superoxide produced by the cells and to accurately determine the time-dependence of the flux in response to stimuli such as injection of parathyroid hormone, vitamin D(3) and pertussis toxin.	Superoxides	224-234	parathyroid hormone	Homo sapiens	361-380
21239495-0	2011	Presenilins promote the cellular uptake of copper and zinc and maintain copper chaperone of SOD1-dependent copper/zinc superoxide dismutase activity.	Superoxides	119-129	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	92-96
21418589-0	2011	The scavenging of superoxide radicals promotes apoptosis induced by a novel cell-permeable fusion protein, sTRAIL:FeSOD, in tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-resistant leukemia cells.	Superoxides	18-28	TNF superfamily member 10	Homo sapiens	124-179
21418589-5	2011	The decrease in cellular O2-, which was accompanied by a brief accumulation of H2O2 and downregulation of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) and cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein, sensitized K562 leukemia cells and human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis.	Superoxides	25-27	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	121-124
21418589-5	2011	The decrease in cellular O2-, which was accompanied by a brief accumulation of H2O2 and downregulation of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) and cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein, sensitized K562 leukemia cells and human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis.	Superoxides	25-27	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	128-131
21418589-5	2011	The decrease in cellular O2-, which was accompanied by a brief accumulation of H2O2 and downregulation of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) and cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein, sensitized K562 leukemia cells and human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis.	Superoxides	25-27	TNF superfamily member 10	Homo sapiens	253-258
21087144-5	2011	The current study demonstrates that DC cells signal a DNA damage response through p53 and its downstream mediator, p21(WAF/CIP), which is accompanied by an elevation in steady-state levels of superoxide and percent glutathione disulfide, both indicators of oxidative stress.	Superoxides	192-202	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	82-85
21087144-7	2011	Further, restoring telomerase activity or inhibiting p53 or p21(WAF/CIP) significantly mitigated growth inhibition as well as caused a significant decrease in steady-state levels of superoxide.	Superoxides	182-192	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	53-56
21087144-8	2011	Our results support a model in which telomerase insufficiency in DC leads to p21(WAF/CIP) signaling, via p53, to cause increased steady-state levels of superoxide, metabolic oxidative stress, and senescence.	Superoxides	152-162	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	105-108
21211511-9	2011	These results provide strong pharmacological and genetic evidence for the implication of H-Ras and NADPH oxidase-generated superoxide production in MMP-13 gene regulation by IL-1beta and TNF-alpha.	Superoxides	123-133	matrix metallopeptidase 13	Homo sapiens	148-154
21211511-9	2011	These results provide strong pharmacological and genetic evidence for the implication of H-Ras and NADPH oxidase-generated superoxide production in MMP-13 gene regulation by IL-1beta and TNF-alpha.	Superoxides	123-133	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	174-182
21211511-9	2011	These results provide strong pharmacological and genetic evidence for the implication of H-Ras and NADPH oxidase-generated superoxide production in MMP-13 gene regulation by IL-1beta and TNF-alpha.	Superoxides	123-133	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	187-196
21241727-10	2011	CONCLUSIONS: the impaired defense against mitochondrial superoxide formation in SOD2+/- mice prolongs JNK activation after APAP overdose and consequently further enhances the mitochondrial oxidant stress leading to exaggerated mitochondrial dysfunction, release of intermembrane proteins with nuclear DNA fragmentation and more necrosis.	Superoxides	56-66	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	80-84
21246206-0	2011	Central TNF inhibition results in attenuated neurohumoral excitation in heart failure: a role for superoxide and nitric oxide.	Superoxides	98-108	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	8-11
21246206-1	2011	This study examined the effect of central tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) blockade on the imbalance between nitric oxide and superoxide production in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and ventrolateral medulla (VLM), key autonomic regulators, and their contribution to enhanced sympathetic drive in mice with congestive heart failure (CHF).	Superoxides	127-137	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	42-69
21246206-1	2011	This study examined the effect of central tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) blockade on the imbalance between nitric oxide and superoxide production in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and ventrolateral medulla (VLM), key autonomic regulators, and their contribution to enhanced sympathetic drive in mice with congestive heart failure (CHF).	Superoxides	127-137	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	71-74
21246206-9	2011	These results indicate that elevated TNF in these autonomic regulatory regions of the brain alter the production of superoxide and nitric oxide, contributing to fluid imbalance and sympathoexcitation in CHF.	Superoxides	116-126	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	37-40
21047173-1	2011	Platinum nanoparticles (Pt-NPs) are known to possess anti-tumouric activity and the ability to scavenge superoxides and peroxides indicating that they can act as superoxide dismutase (SOD)/catalase mimetics.	Superoxides	104-115	catalase	Homo sapiens	189-197
20836698-7	2011	Ang II-treated animals had higher levels of superoxide anion and inducible nitric oxide synthase and increased urinary protein and plasma creatinine levels.	Superoxides	44-60	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-6
21030671-6	2011	Sin-1 exposure caused a disproportionately large decrease in Ca(2+) sensitivity, evidently due to coproduction of superoxide, as it was prevented by Tempol, a superoxide dismutase mimetic.	Superoxides	114-124	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
21164151-5	2011	Superoxide anion levels and NAD(P)H oxidase activity in the PVN increased in 2K1C rats and were much higher in 2K1C rats than in sham-operated (sham) rats after the epicardial application of capsaicin or PVN microinjection of ANG II.	Superoxides	0-16	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	226-232
21278346-7	2011	When human monoblastic U937 cells were cultured in the presence of IFN-gamma, transcription of gp91-phox was remarkably upregulated, and the cells were differentiated to macrophage-like cells that can produce O(2)(-).	Superoxides	209-213	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	67-76
21182845-4	2011	The present study demonstrated that iNOS-derived superoxide generation was reduced, and that the NO bioavailability was increased, by treatment with the NOS-cofactor, tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), before I/R in the hearts isolated from diabetic rats.	Superoxides	49-59	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	36-40
21156818-8	2011	In addition, oxidation of 17AAGH2 could be prevented by superoxide dismutase (SOD), demonstrating that 17AAGH2 was sensitive to oxidation by superoxide.	Superoxides	56-66	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	78-81
21239112-2	2011	Activation of S1PR(1) has been reported to increase the formation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase-derived superoxide (O(2)( -)) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-derived nitric oxide (NO).	Superoxides	149-153	sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	14-21
21630593-1	2011	A previous work suggested that peptides from the histidine-containing copper-binding motifs in human prion protein (PrP) function as peroxidase-like biocatalysts catalyzing the generation of superoxide anion radicals in the presence of neurotransmitters (aromatic monoamines) and phenolics such as tyrosine and tyrosyl residues on proteins.	Superoxides	191-216	prion protein	Homo sapiens	116-119
21720543-4	2011	The results revealed a significant increase in infarct volume in hyperglycemic SOD2(-/+) mice, and this was accompanied with an early (5 h) significant rise in superoxide production and reduced SOD2 activity in SOD2(-/+) mice as compared to WT mice.	Superoxides	160-170	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	79-83
21720543-5	2011	The superoxide production is associated with oxidative DNA damage as indicated by colocalization of the dihydroethidium (DHE) signal with 8-OHdG fluorescence in SOD2(-/+) mice.	Superoxides	4-14	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	161-165
21630593-2	2011	In this study, using various phenolic substrates, the phenol-dependent superoxide-generating activities of PrP-derived peptide sequences were compared.	Superoxides	71-81	prion protein	Homo sapiens	107-110
21352551-6	2011	Peak respiratory burst activity was seen at 15-20 min, and superoxide levels returned to baseline by 1 h. IL-8 release was dependent on both membrane-associated CD14 (mCD14) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4.	Superoxides	59-69	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	106-110
21150282-9	2011	In direct support of these findings, the tumor promoting effects of Cav-1 deficient fibroblasts could be functionally suppressed (nearly 2-fold) by the recombinant over-expression of SOD2 (superoxide dismutase 2), a known mitochondrial enzyme that de-activates superoxide, thereby reducing mitochondrial oxidative stress.	Superoxides	189-199	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	68-73
21123734-4	2011	TNF-alpha rapidly enhanced endogenous CO production in a superoxide- and NADPH oxidase-dependent manner in CMVEC with innate, but not with small interfering RNA (siRNA)-downregulated Nox4 activity.	Superoxides	57-67	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-9
21084672-1	2011	Studies have shown that the superoxide mechanism is involved in angiotensin II (ANG II) signaling in the central nervous system.	Superoxides	28-38	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	64-78
21084672-1	2011	Studies have shown that the superoxide mechanism is involved in angiotensin II (ANG II) signaling in the central nervous system.	Superoxides	28-38	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	80-86
21084672-2	2011	We hypothesized that ANG II activates sympathetic outflow by stimulation of superoxide anion in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.	Superoxides	76-92	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	21-27
21084672-9	2011	These data support the concept that superoxide anion contributes to an enhanced ANG II-mediated signaling in the PVN involved with the exaggerated sympathoexcitation in diabetes.	Superoxides	36-52	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	80-86
20586612-4	2011	Null of SOD1 and GPX1 elevated respective islet superoxide and hydroperoxide production, and upregulated p53 phosphorylation.	Superoxides	48-58	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	8-12
20586612-5	2011	Knockout of SOD1 downregulated the foxhead box A2/pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 pathway in a superoxide-dependent fashion at epigenetic, mRNA, and protein levels in islets, but improved insulin signaling in liver and muscle.	Superoxides	98-108	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	12-16
21130157-5	2011	Conditional loss of SOD2 led to increased superoxide, apoptosis, and developmental defects in the T cell population, resulting in immunodeficiency and susceptibility to the influenza A virus H1N1.	Superoxides	42-52	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	20-24
21124322-5	2011	Angiotensin II is a classic prooxidant peptide that increases superoxide production through the activation of NAD(P)H oxidases.	Superoxides	62-72	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
21173341-8	2011	Viral delivery of CuZnSOD to the PVN not only prevented the elevation in O(2)(- ) but also abolished renovascular hypertension.	Superoxides	73-77	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	18-25
20920494-5	2011	LPS-induced ICAM-1 and IL-8 expression was associated with increased superoxide formation in AEC.	Superoxides	69-79	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	23-27
20888844-8	2011	Sulforaphane stimulation for 4 h induced an Nrf2-dependent increase of Nqo1 and Hmox1 mRNA that remained elevated for 24 h, and the corresponding proteins remained elevated for over 48 h. In addition, peroxide-clearing activity and the levels of glutathione were elevated for more than 20 h after stimulation for 4 h with sulforaphane, resulting in an increased resistance to superoxide-induced cell damage.	Superoxides	376-386	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	44-48
20950631-6	2011	Further studies demonstrated that microglial NADPH oxidase (PHOX), the key superoxide-producing enzyme, but not calcium channel in neurons, is the site of action for the neuroprotective effect of verapamil.	Superoxides	75-85	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Rattus norvegicus	60-64
21144829-3	2011	In the current study, interrelationships between mitochondrial fusion, energy metabolism and oxidative stress on development were explored using a fzo-1 mutant defective in the fusion process and a mev-1 mutant overproducing superoxide from mitochondrial electron transport complex II of Caenorhabditis elegans.	Superoxides	225-235	Succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial	Caenorhabditis elegans	198-203
21232086-7	2011	RESULTS: We found that Abeta-induced activation of microglia, activation of PHOX, generation of superoxide and other reactive oxygen species, and loss of dopaminergic neurons were decreased in MAC1-/- cultures compared to MAC1+/+ cultures.	Superoxides	96-106	integrin alpha M	Mus musculus	193-197
21115331-5	2011	formosana were showed potent inhibitory effects on superoxide anion production in fMLP/CB-activated human neutrophils as well as other anti-inflammatory effects, and led to the isolation of 25 compounds.	Superoxides	51-67	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	82-86
21115331-6	2011	Among them, compounds 8, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17 and 20 were exhibited more potent inhibitory effect on superoxide anion generation and elastase release by human neutrophils in response to fMLP/CB.	Superoxides	99-115	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	184-188
21232086-12	2011	CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, our data demonstrate that Abeta activates MAC1 receptor to increase the activity of PI3K, which in turn phosphorylates p47phox, triggers the translocation of cytosolic subunits of PHOX to microglia membrane, increases PHOX activation and the subsequent production of superoxide and causes neurotoxicity.	Superoxides	296-306	integrin alpha M	Mus musculus	71-75
21036124-8	2011	Pretreatment with tempol (a SOD mimetic, 50mg/kg) or co-enzyme Q(10) (50mg/kg) not only decreased the superoxide production, but also reduced the infarct size and normalized mitochondrial dysfunction in the gastrocnemius muscle.	Superoxides	102-112	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	28-31
21093414-4	2011	Moreover, Snail-expressing cells displayed increased concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS), specifically, superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, in vitro and in vivo.	Superoxides	115-125	snail family transcriptional repressor 1	Homo sapiens	10-15
20708598-2	2011	It becomes active when membrane-bound cytochrome b(558), the redox core, is assembled with cytosolic p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and rac proteins to produce superoxide, the precursor for generation of toxic reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	162-172	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	112-115
20706193-1	2011	BACKGROUND: gp91(PHOX), a catalytic subunit of NAD(P)H oxidase, is involved in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced superoxide (O2-) generation.	Superoxides	111-121	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	79-93
20706193-1	2011	BACKGROUND: gp91(PHOX), a catalytic subunit of NAD(P)H oxidase, is involved in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced superoxide (O2-) generation.	Superoxides	111-121	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	95-101
20706193-1	2011	BACKGROUND: gp91(PHOX), a catalytic subunit of NAD(P)H oxidase, is involved in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced superoxide (O2-) generation.	Superoxides	123-125	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	79-93
20706193-1	2011	BACKGROUND: gp91(PHOX), a catalytic subunit of NAD(P)H oxidase, is involved in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced superoxide (O2-) generation.	Superoxides	123-125	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	95-101
20706193-8	2011	CONCLUSION: These data suggest that an enhanced O2- activity and its interaction with NO contribute to the early developmental phase of Ang II-induced salt-sensitive hypertension.American Journal of Hypertension (2011).	Superoxides	48-50	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	136-142
20959532-8	2011	Silencing TLR2, TLR4, and p47phox with small inhibitory RNAs (siRNAs) significantly reduced superoxide release, NF-kappaB activity, IL-1beta, and MCP-1 secretion in HG and palmitate-treated THP-1 cells.	Superoxides	92-102	toll like receptor 2	Homo sapiens	10-14
21804221-2	2011	The increased formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is thought to be a key event in the pathogenesis of DR. Extracellular-superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is an anti-inflammatory enzyme that is distributed mainly in vascular cells and protects cells from ROS by scavenging superoxide anion.	Superoxides	275-291	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	113-147
21804221-2	2011	The increased formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is thought to be a key event in the pathogenesis of DR. Extracellular-superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is an anti-inflammatory enzyme that is distributed mainly in vascular cells and protects cells from ROS by scavenging superoxide anion.	Superoxides	275-291	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	149-155
21804221-8	2011	It is known that the presence of a high level of EC-SOD throughout the vessel walls might have an important protective role against superoxide in the vascular system.	Superoxides	132-142	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	49-55
21691087-8	2011	In addition, NADPH oxidase subunit, gp91(phox) and GH receptors aggregated in membrane raft clusters, which produced O(2).	Superoxides	117-121	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	51-53
21078595-4	2011	Sod1(-/-) neurons also show oxidation of mitochondrial--but not cytosolic--thioredoxin, suggesting that loss of SOD1 causes preferential oxidative stress in mitochondria, a primary source of superoxide in cells.	Superoxides	191-201	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	0-4
20954800-2	2011	However, we previously demonstrated simvastatin-induced HO-1-exaggerated nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-kappabeta) activation and superoxide production on exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS).	Superoxides	129-139	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	186-189
20954800-3	2011	The addition of the iron chelator, desferrioxamine, to reduce the accumulation of ferric iron from heme by HO-1 resulted in a blockade of aggravated superoxide production.	Superoxides	149-159	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	107-111
20876216-2	2011	Catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) conjugated with antibodies to platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM-1) bind specifically to endothelium and inhibit effects of corresponding ROS, H(2)O(2), and superoxide anion.	Superoxides	215-231	catalase	Mus musculus	0-8
20954800-5	2011	Moreover, increased superoxide formation by either atorvastatin or rosuvastatin, in the presence or absence of LPS, could not be reduced by the addition of desferrioxamine, unlike simvastatin.	Superoxides	20-30	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	111-114
20876216-6	2011	Inhibitors of NADPH oxidase and anion channel ClC3 blocked TNF-induced VCAM expression, affirming that superoxide produced and transported by these proteins, respectively, mediates inflammatory signaling.	Superoxides	103-113	chloride channel, voltage-sensitive 3	Mus musculus	46-50
20876216-6	2011	Inhibitors of NADPH oxidase and anion channel ClC3 blocked TNF-induced VCAM expression, affirming that superoxide produced and transported by these proteins, respectively, mediates inflammatory signaling.	Superoxides	103-113	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	59-62
21212740-0	2011	SOD2, the principal scavenger of mitochondrial superoxide, is dispensable for embryogenesis and imaginal tissue development but essential for adult survival.	Superoxides	47-57	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	0-4
21212740-6	2011	Instead, we found that the high mitochondrial superoxide environment arising from the absence of SOD2 leads to the induction of autophagy.	Superoxides	46-56	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	97-101
21576984-7	2011	Rac2-deficient eosinophils showed significantly less superoxide release (p &lt; 0.05, 26% less than wild type).	Superoxides	53-63	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
21576984-9	2011	CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that Rac2 is an important regulator of eosinophil function by contributing to superoxide production, granule protein release, and eosinophil shape change.	Superoxides	116-126	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	43-47
21646801-6	2011	Superoxide generation was measured via the cytochrome C reduction method.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	43-55
22016654-6	2011	Sirt3 has also now been identified as a genomically expressed, mitochondrial localized tumor suppressor and this review will outline potential relationships between mitochondrial ROS/superoxide levels, aging, and cell phenotypes permissive for estrogen and progesterone receptor positive breast carcinogenesis.	Superoxides	183-193	sirtuin 3	Homo sapiens	0-5
20811799-2	2011	IFNG-inducible KYN/pteridines inflammation cascade is characterized by up-regulation of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity (induced by KYN) and decreased formation of NOS cofactor, BH4, that results in uncoupling of NOS that shifting arginine from NO to superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	256-272	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-4
22272128-3	2011	SOD-1 catalyses the superoxide radical (O(-2)) into hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen.	Superoxides	20-38	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
21946535-1	2011	AIM: The anti-oxidant enzyme copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) metabolizes superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) in vascular cells.	Superoxides	84-100	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	63-70
21946535-1	2011	AIM: The anti-oxidant enzyme copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) metabolizes superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) in vascular cells.	Superoxides	102-106	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	63-70
21946535-7	2011	Dihydroethidine staining revealed increased levels of vascular O(2)(-) in media from CuZnSOD(-/-) mice.	Superoxides	63-67	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	85-92
21077177-3	2011	Extracellular-superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is a major anti-oxidative enzyme that protects the cells from damaging effects of superoxide.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-42
20964702-5	2011	RESULTS: Plasmas from patients were significantly more effective in both directly stimulating neutrophil superoxide production and priming for subsequent formyl-met-leu-phe (fMLP)-stimulated superoxide production than plasmas from healthy controls (p&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	191-201	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	154-172
20964702-5	2011	RESULTS: Plasmas from patients were significantly more effective in both directly stimulating neutrophil superoxide production and priming for subsequent formyl-met-leu-phe (fMLP)-stimulated superoxide production than plasmas from healthy controls (p&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	191-201	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	174-178
20964702-8	2011	Individual neutralizing antibodies against IL-8, GM-CSF or IFN-alpha inhibited the direct stimulatory effect of patients" plasma, whereas the ability to prime for fMLP-stimulated superoxide production was only inhibited by neutralization of IFN-alpha.	Superoxides	179-189	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	163-167
22028915-8	2011	The suppression of TNFalpha by SKF525A in the presence of IL-4 was associated with a reduction in superoxide anion generation and reproduced by the superoxide dismutase MnCl(2).	Superoxides	98-114	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	19-27
22028915-8	2011	The suppression of TNFalpha by SKF525A in the presence of IL-4 was associated with a reduction in superoxide anion generation and reproduced by the superoxide dismutase MnCl(2).	Superoxides	98-114	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	58-62
22219714-5	2011	Detailed analysis of macrophage activation showed the time dependence between LPS-induced iNOS expression and increased O(2)( -) formation.	Superoxides	120-124	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	90-94
21931865-4	2011	These effects were associated with increased superoxide anion production, sensitive to the inhibition of IkappaB-alpha phosphorylation, in pancreatic but not tracheal CF cells, and reduced upon inhibition of either mitochondrial complex I or NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	45-61	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	105-118
22219714-6	2011	Moreover, downregulation of macrophage iNOS expression, as well as the inhibition of iNOS activity by NOS inhibitors, unveiled an important role of this enzyme in controlling O(2)( -) and peroxynitrite formation during macrophage stimulation.	Superoxides	175-183	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	39-43
22219714-6	2011	Moreover, downregulation of macrophage iNOS expression, as well as the inhibition of iNOS activity by NOS inhibitors, unveiled an important role of this enzyme in controlling O(2)( -) and peroxynitrite formation during macrophage stimulation.	Superoxides	175-183	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	85-89
22219714-7	2011	In conclusion, our data demonstrated that simultaneous induction of NADPH oxidase, together with the iNOS enzyme, can result in the uncoupled state of iNOS resulting in the production of functionally important levels of O(2)( -) soon after macrophage activation with LPS.	Superoxides	220-224	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	101-105
22219714-7	2011	In conclusion, our data demonstrated that simultaneous induction of NADPH oxidase, together with the iNOS enzyme, can result in the uncoupled state of iNOS resulting in the production of functionally important levels of O(2)( -) soon after macrophage activation with LPS.	Superoxides	220-224	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	151-155
22219714-8	2011	Moreover, we demonstrated, for the first time that increased concentrations of L-arginine further potentiate iNOS-dependent O(2) ( -) formation in inflammatory macrophages.	Superoxides	124-130	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	109-113
21179168-1	2010	Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is critical in the regulation of vascular function, and can generate both nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide (O(2)( -)), which are key mediators of cellular signalling.	Superoxides	137-147	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	0-33
21179168-1	2010	Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is critical in the regulation of vascular function, and can generate both nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide (O(2)( -)), which are key mediators of cellular signalling.	Superoxides	137-147	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	35-39
21172066-4	2010	Moreover NGAL levels increase in correlation with the age, and showed a significantly correlation between the increase with the severity of disease.DS is characterized by an enhancement of gene production such as GART, SOD-1 and CBS that encode specific protein and enzyme involved in hydrogen peroxide and superoxide production, species highly cytotoxic implicated in inflammation and ageing.NGAL may have the potential application to ameliorate the toxicity induced by oxidative stress conditions such as Alzheimer"s disease, thalassemia, cardiovascular disease, burn injury, transplantation, diabetes, and aging.	Superoxides	307-317	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	219-224
21147698-9	2010	The reduced affinity of eNOS to the cofactor BH4 may lead to insufficient NO, but increased superoxide production in preeclamptic placentas.	Superoxides	92-102	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	24-28
21172655-6	2010	Furthermore, infection of Sirt3-/- MEFs with lenti-MnSOD(K122-R) inhibited in vitro immortalization by an oncogene (Ras), inhibited IR-induced genomic instability, and decreased mitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	192-202	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	51-56
21172066-4	2010	Moreover NGAL levels increase in correlation with the age, and showed a significantly correlation between the increase with the severity of disease.DS is characterized by an enhancement of gene production such as GART, SOD-1 and CBS that encode specific protein and enzyme involved in hydrogen peroxide and superoxide production, species highly cytotoxic implicated in inflammation and ageing.NGAL may have the potential application to ameliorate the toxicity induced by oxidative stress conditions such as Alzheimer"s disease, thalassemia, cardiovascular disease, burn injury, transplantation, diabetes, and aging.	Superoxides	307-317	cystathionine beta-synthase	Homo sapiens	229-232
20923773-6	2010	Superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide down-regulated Cav-1 expression and inhibited cell migration and invasion, whereas hydroxyl radical up-regulated the Cav-1 expression and promoted cell migration and invasion.	Superoxides	0-16	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	54-59
20923773-7	2010	The down-regulating effect of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide on Cav-1 is mediated through a transcription-independent mechanism that involves protein degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.	Superoxides	30-46	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	72-77
20500512-4	2010	RESULTS: 8-IPF(2alpha) promoted the formation of O(2)(-) , an effect inhibited by apocynin (an NADPH oxidase inhibitor) and up-regulated the expression of PDE5.	Superoxides	49-56	phosphodiesterase 5A	Homo sapiens	155-159
20500512-7	2010	CONCLUSIONS: These data show that O(2) (-) derived from NADPH oxidase influences the relative balance of PGI(2) and 8-IPF(2alpha) in CVSMCs, which in turn alters the degree of PDE5 expression.	Superoxides	34-40	phosphodiesterase 5A	Homo sapiens	176-180
20814019-0	2010	Transcriptional upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in rostral ventrolateral medulla by angiotensin II: significance in superoxide homeostasis and neural regulation of arterial pressure.	Superoxides	134-144	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	102-116
21068326-6	2010	Interestingly, inhibition of NHE-1 not only abolished pH(i) regulation but also reduced production of superoxide anion as well as expression of cytokines and inducible nitric oxide synthase.	Superoxides	102-118	solute carrier family 9 (sodium/hydrogen exchanger), member 1	Mus musculus	29-34
20817944-1	2010	The assembly of cytosolic subunits p47(phox), p67(phox), and p40(phox) with flavocytochrome b(558) at the membrane is required for activating the neutrophil NADPH oxidase that generates superoxide for microbial killing.	Superoxides	186-196	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	46-49
20729399-4	2010	We found that kallistatin gene delivery significantly attenuated aortic superoxide formation and glomerular capillary loss in hypertensive DOCA-salt rats.	Superoxides	72-82	serpin family A member 4	Rattus norvegicus	14-25
20367259-5	2010	The function of SOD1 in the IMS is still unknown, but it is plausible that it serves to remove superoxide released from the mitochondrial respiratory chain.	Superoxides	95-105	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	16-20
20868230-0	2010	Superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide-induced signaling and damage in angiotensin II and aldosterone action.	Superoxides	0-16	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	71-85
20868230-4	2010	When present in high concentrations, both angiotensin II and aldosterone, as various other endogenous substances, activate NADPH oxidase, which produces superoxide.	Superoxides	153-163	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	42-56
20868230-5	2010	In this review the generation of superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide in cells stimulated with angiotensin II or aldosterone, as well as the subsequently induced signaling processes and DNA damage is discussed.	Superoxides	33-50	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	98-112
20631980-8	2010	Diabetes-induced increases in renal cytosolic and mitochondrial superoxide generation were prevented in diabetic Rage KO mice, but enhanced in all At2 KO mice.	Superoxides	64-74	advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor	Mus musculus	113-117
20631980-9	2010	Adenoviral overexpression of RAGE or AGE treatment decreased cell surface AT2 expression, in association with increasing superoxide generation; both were reversed using antioxidants N-acetylcysteine and apocynin, and soluble RAGE in primary mesangial cells.	Superoxides	121-131	advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor	Mus musculus	29-33
20844008-0	2010	Rac1-dependent intracellular superoxide formation mediates vascular endothelial growth factor-induced placental angiogenesis in vitro.	Superoxides	29-39	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	59-93
20844008-4	2010	Intracellular superoxide formation began to significantly increase after 25-30 min of VEGF stimulation, which was mediated by both VEGFR1 and VEGFR2.	Superoxides	14-24	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	86-90
20844008-4	2010	Intracellular superoxide formation began to significantly increase after 25-30 min of VEGF stimulation, which was mediated by both VEGFR1 and VEGFR2.	Superoxides	14-24	fms related receptor tyrosine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	131-137
20844008-6	2010	In oFAPEC transfected with specific Rac1 small interfering RNA (siRNA, 40 nm), VEGF-induced intracellular superoxide formation was completely abrogated in association with a 78% reduction of endogenous Rac1.	Superoxides	106-116	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	79-83
20844008-8	2010	Pretreatment of an NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin also abrogates the VEGF-stimulated intracellular superoxide production and DNA synthesis in oFPAECs.	Superoxides	101-111	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	71-75
20844008-10	2010	This NADPH oxidase system appears to generate the second messenger superoxide that plays a critical role in the signaling control of the VEGF-induced placental angiogenesis.	Superoxides	67-77	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	137-141
20516051-8	2010	In PASMC, reduction of respiration and mitochondrial cytochrome c and aa3 (complex IV), but not of cytochrome b (complex III) matched an increase in matrix superoxide levels as well as mitochondrial membrane hyperpolarisation with subsequent cytosolic calcium increase.	Superoxides	156-166	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	53-65
20638473-5	2010	The Sod2(-/-) MEFs produced less cellular ATP, had lower O(2) consumption, generated more superoxide, and expressed less Prdx3 protein.	Superoxides	57-61	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	4-8
20638473-5	2010	The Sod2(-/-) MEFs produced less cellular ATP, had lower O(2) consumption, generated more superoxide, and expressed less Prdx3 protein.	Superoxides	90-100	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	4-8
20815781-2	2010	Hydrogen peroxide (15 muM) and taurine chloramine (200 muM) induced HL 60 differentiation, which was detected by CD11b expression and superoxide production.	Superoxides	134-144	latexin	Homo sapiens	22-25
20815781-2	2010	Hydrogen peroxide (15 muM) and taurine chloramine (200 muM) induced HL 60 differentiation, which was detected by CD11b expression and superoxide production.	Superoxides	134-144	latexin	Homo sapiens	55-58
20876452-2	2010	Angiotensin II induces superoxide production, which is metabolized by superoxide dismutase (SOD) or scavenged by NO.	Superoxides	23-33	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	92-95
20876452-8	2010	Arterioles from SOD1-ko had 4-fold increased superoxide formation with angiotensin II at 10(-9) mol/L.	Superoxides	45-55	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	16-20
20876452-12	2010	In conclusion, SOD1 limits afferent arteriole remodeling and reduces sensitivity and responsiveness to angiotensin II by reducing superoxide and maintaining NO bioavailability.	Superoxides	130-140	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	15-19
20813909-7	2010	Relative to the wild type, fib4 KD apples were more sensitive to methyl viologen and had higher superoxide levels during methyl viologen treatment.	Superoxides	96-106	Plastid-lipid associated protein PAP / fibrillin family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	27-31
20874678-9	2010	The paradigm that, inhibiting the overproduction of superoxides and peroxides would prevent cardiac dysfunction in diabetes has been difficult to verify using conventional antioxidants like vitamins E and C. That led to use of catalytic antioxidants such as SOD/CAT mimetics.	Superoxides	52-63	catalase	Homo sapiens	262-265
21062045-11	2010	It was also demonstrated that the 4-chlorophenol/TiO(2) system under visible light that cannot generate neither OH radicals nor valence band holes converted As(III) to As(V) through the superoxide pathway.	Superoxides	186-196	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	168-173
20413544-4	2010	Activation of the cells with fMLP/CB resulted in abrupt and sustained increases in cytosolic Ca2(+), as well as release of elastase and production of superoxide and LTB4, and expression of CR3, all of which were attenuated by formoterol and montelukast individually, and especially by the combination of these agents.	Superoxides	150-160	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	29-33
20882024-7	2010	Moreover, in Rgs2(-/-) mice, the AngII+Telmi group exhibited significant improvement in survival, reduction of enlarged aortic diameter, inhibition of superoxide production and suppression of NAD(P)H oxidase activity compared with the AngII group.	Superoxides	151-161	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	33-38
20702831-9	2010	In addition, both omega-3 PUFAs demonstrated reduced responsiveness to VEGF-stimulated superoxide and nitrite release and significantly impaired endothelial wound healing, proliferation, and angiogenic sprout formation.	Superoxides	87-97	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	71-75
21123558-3	2010	We used the O(2)( -)-sensitive dye MitoSOX to monitor O(2)( -) in neurons expressing different levels of Bax and mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD2).	Superoxides	12-16	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	149-153
21123558-3	2010	We used the O(2)( -)-sensitive dye MitoSOX to monitor O(2)( -) in neurons expressing different levels of Bax and mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD2).	Superoxides	54-58	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	149-153
21123558-4	2010	Basal and apoptotic O(2)( -) levels in both SCG and CG neurons were reduced in SOD2 wild-type (WT) cells having lower Bax concentrations.	Superoxides	20-24	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	79-83
20832454-2	2010	The superoxide anion (O(2)( -)) is suggested to be part of the signaling mechanisms activated by angiotensin II (ANG II) and central virus-mediated overexpression of the enzyme superoxide dismutase (that dismutates O(2)( -) to H(2)O(2)) reduces pressor and dipsogenic responses to central ANG II.	Superoxides	4-20	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	97-111
20832454-2	2010	The superoxide anion (O(2)( -)) is suggested to be part of the signaling mechanisms activated by angiotensin II (ANG II) and central virus-mediated overexpression of the enzyme superoxide dismutase (that dismutates O(2)( -) to H(2)O(2)) reduces pressor and dipsogenic responses to central ANG II.	Superoxides	4-20	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	113-119
20832454-2	2010	The superoxide anion (O(2)( -)) is suggested to be part of the signaling mechanisms activated by angiotensin II (ANG II) and central virus-mediated overexpression of the enzyme superoxide dismutase (that dismutates O(2)( -) to H(2)O(2)) reduces pressor and dipsogenic responses to central ANG II.	Superoxides	4-20	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	289-295
20570646-1	2010	With the aim of developing a novel superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity assay, a series of polymethinium salts (streptocyanines) were prepared and studied for their ability to be reduced by superoxide radical anion generated either from the pyrogallol autoxidation or by the xanthine oxidase-catalyzed oxidation of xanthine.	Superoxides	189-213	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	35-55
20976160-6	2010	SOD2 overexpression reduces mitochondrial superoxide load.	Superoxides	42-52	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	0-4
20976160-12	2010	In STZ-treated SOD-overexpressing hyperglycemic mice in which superoxide levels are reduced, these deficits are reversed.	Superoxides	62-72	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	15-18
20570646-1	2010	With the aim of developing a novel superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity assay, a series of polymethinium salts (streptocyanines) were prepared and studied for their ability to be reduced by superoxide radical anion generated either from the pyrogallol autoxidation or by the xanthine oxidase-catalyzed oxidation of xanthine.	Superoxides	189-213	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	57-60
20674329-1	2010	A novel highly sensitive biosensor for the direct and simultaneous determination of superoxide anion radical (O2-) and nitrite (NO2-) was developed by incorporation of carbon nanotube (CNT) solubilized in nafion in polypyrrole (PPy) matrix on Pt electrode followed by immobilization of Cu,ZnSOD (SOD1) on it.	Superoxides	84-108	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	296-300
20724703-1	2010	RATIONALE: Bone morphogenic protein (BMP)4 can stimulate superoxide production and exert proinflammatory effects on the endothelium.	Superoxides	57-67	bone morphogenetic protein 4	Mus musculus	37-42
20800516-1	2010	The antioxidant enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) serves as the primary defense against mitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	33-43	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	55-59
20679349-2	2010	The membrane-integrated protein gp91(phox) serves as the catalytic core, because it contains a complete electron-transporting apparatus from NADPH to molecular oxygen for superoxide production.	Superoxides	171-181	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	37-41
20679349-6	2010	Alanine substitution for Tyr-198, Leu-199, or Val-204 abrogates the ability of p67(phox) to support superoxide production by gp91(phox)-based oxidase as well as its related oxidases Nox1 and Nox3; the activation also involves other invariant residues such as Leu-193, Asp-197, and Gly-200.	Superoxides	100-110	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	79-82
20679349-6	2010	Alanine substitution for Tyr-198, Leu-199, or Val-204 abrogates the ability of p67(phox) to support superoxide production by gp91(phox)-based oxidase as well as its related oxidases Nox1 and Nox3; the activation also involves other invariant residues such as Leu-193, Asp-197, and Gly-200.	Superoxides	100-110	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	83-87
20679349-6	2010	Alanine substitution for Tyr-198, Leu-199, or Val-204 abrogates the ability of p67(phox) to support superoxide production by gp91(phox)-based oxidase as well as its related oxidases Nox1 and Nox3; the activation also involves other invariant residues such as Leu-193, Asp-197, and Gly-200.	Superoxides	100-110	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	130-134
20679349-7	2010	Intriguingly, replacement of Gln-192 by alanine or that of Tyr-198 by phenylalanine or tryptophan rather enhances superoxide production by gp91(phox)-based oxidase, suggesting a tuning role for these residues.	Superoxides	114-124	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	144-148
21076178-4	2010	Factors that decrease intracellular superoxide anions in parallel with enhanced longevity and more efficient G0/G1 arrest include genetic inactivation of growth signaling pathways that inhibit Rim15p, which activates oxidative stress responses, and downregulation of these pathways by caloric restriction.	Superoxides	36-53	protein kinase RIM15	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	193-199
20638134-3	2010	When Hg(2+) and Cu(I)-[GSH](2) were mixed equimolarly, the superoxide formation, assessed through the cytochrome c reduction and dihydroethidium oxidation, was increased by over 50%.	Superoxides	59-69	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	102-114
20397192-0	2010	Carbonyl compounds methylglyoxal and glyoxal affect interleukin-8 secretion in intestinal cells by superoxide anion generation and activation of MAPK p38.	Superoxides	99-115	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	52-65
20397192-7	2010	The most important mechanism by which MG and GL induced IL-8 secretion was the generation of superoxide anions which was confirmed by the inhibition of the cytosolic NADPH oxidase with diphenyl iodonium (DPI) or by application of superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	93-110	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	56-60
20397192-7	2010	The most important mechanism by which MG and GL induced IL-8 secretion was the generation of superoxide anions which was confirmed by the inhibition of the cytosolic NADPH oxidase with diphenyl iodonium (DPI) or by application of superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	93-110	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	230-250
20397192-7	2010	The most important mechanism by which MG and GL induced IL-8 secretion was the generation of superoxide anions which was confirmed by the inhibition of the cytosolic NADPH oxidase with diphenyl iodonium (DPI) or by application of superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	93-110	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	252-255
20397192-8	2010	Our data suggest that multiple pathways were simultaneously activated; however, superoxide dependent MAPK p38 activation seems to be the most dominant pathway for IL-8 secretion in intestinal cells.	Superoxides	80-90	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	101-105
20397192-8	2010	Our data suggest that multiple pathways were simultaneously activated; however, superoxide dependent MAPK p38 activation seems to be the most dominant pathway for IL-8 secretion in intestinal cells.	Superoxides	80-90	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	106-109
20397192-8	2010	Our data suggest that multiple pathways were simultaneously activated; however, superoxide dependent MAPK p38 activation seems to be the most dominant pathway for IL-8 secretion in intestinal cells.	Superoxides	80-90	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	163-167
20448043-0	2010	Angiotensin II stimulates thick ascending limb superoxide production via protein kinase C(alpha)-dependent NADPH oxidase activation.	Superoxides	47-57	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
20570646-3	2010	The values found to be optimal for a SOD assay were defined as pH 7.4, wavelength 728nm, xanthine and xanthine oxidase as superoxide source, and a reaction time of 5min.	Superoxides	122-132	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	37-40
20570646-4	2010	Based on the color change caused by the superoxide-induced bleaching of the streptocyanine, a qualitative colorimetric method for the SOD activity detection is proposed, enabling visual detection within a short time without any instrument.	Superoxides	40-50	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	134-137
20661628-6	2010	Furthermore, tir1 afb2 displayed a reduced accumulation of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion, as well as enhanced antioxidant enzymes activities under stress.	Superoxides	81-97	F-box/RNI-like superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	13-17
20814003-8	2010	In arteries from control mice, Ang II selectively impaired responses to the endothelium-dependent agonist acetylcholine by  50% (P&lt;0.05) via a superoxide-mediated mechanism.	Superoxides	146-156	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	31-37
20540939-10	2010	Results obtained with L-NNA, 1400W, 7-NI, OxyHb, ODQ or Tiron showed that this response was mediated by products from endothelial NOS (eNOS) different from NO and without soluble guanylate cyclase activation, but it involved superoxide anions.	Superoxides	225-242	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	118-133
20540939-10	2010	Results obtained with L-NNA, 1400W, 7-NI, OxyHb, ODQ or Tiron showed that this response was mediated by products from endothelial NOS (eNOS) different from NO and without soluble guanylate cyclase activation, but it involved superoxide anions.	Superoxides	225-242	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	135-139
20540939-12	2010	Data suggest that balloon catheter injury promoted eNOS uncoupling in contralateral carotids, which generates superoxide rather than NO, and reduces phenylephrine-induced extracellular calcium mobilization, despite the hyper-reactivity to phenylephrine in contralateral carotids.	Superoxides	110-120	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	51-55
20595380-6	2010	RNAi-mediated knockdown of COMMD1 expression results in a significant induction of SOD1 activity and a consequent decrease in superoxide anion concentrations, whereas overexpression of COMMD1 exerts exactly the opposite effects.	Superoxides	126-142	copper metabolism domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	27-33
20621069-4	2010	Here, we tested the hypothesis that the pressor response induced by peripheral chemoreflex activation involves the angiotensin-II/AT(1)R/superoxide pathway within the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM).	Superoxides	137-147	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	115-129
20511543-2	2010	Based on recent mouse studies, the lack of O(2)( )-dependent interferon gamma (IFNgamma)-induced synthesis of kynurenine (kyn), an anti-inflammatory tryptophan metabolite produced by indolamine 2,3 deoxygenase (IDO), was proposed as a cause of hyperinflammation in CGD and this pathway has been considered for clinical intervention.	Superoxides	43-47	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	61-77
20511543-2	2010	Based on recent mouse studies, the lack of O(2)( )-dependent interferon gamma (IFNgamma)-induced synthesis of kynurenine (kyn), an anti-inflammatory tryptophan metabolite produced by indolamine 2,3 deoxygenase (IDO), was proposed as a cause of hyperinflammation in CGD and this pathway has been considered for clinical intervention.	Superoxides	43-47	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	79-87
20511543-3	2010	Here, we show that IFNgamma induces normal levels of kynurenine in cultures of O(2)( )-deficient monocytes, dendritic cells, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes from gp91(PHOX)- or p47(PHOX)-deficient human CGD donors.	Superoxides	79-86	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	19-27
20639222-4	2010	Infusion of ANG II (0.7 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)) for 2 wk potentiated NADPH-dependent superoxide generation and hydrogen peroxide production compared with similarly treated negative littermate controls.	Superoxides	84-94	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	12-18
20639222-9	2010	Pretreatment of mouse aortas with the eNOS inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester decreased ANG II-induced superoxide production in Tg(SMCnox1) mice compared with wild-type mice, indicating that uncoupled eNOS is also a significant source of increased superoxide in transgenic mice.	Superoxides	113-123	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	98-104
20639222-9	2010	Pretreatment of mouse aortas with the eNOS inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester decreased ANG II-induced superoxide production in Tg(SMCnox1) mice compared with wild-type mice, indicating that uncoupled eNOS is also a significant source of increased superoxide in transgenic mice.	Superoxides	258-268	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	98-104
20553682-1	2010	ET-1 induces vascular O(2)(*-) production via activation of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	22-30	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
20553682-3	2010	At 2 h, ET-1 induced an increase in NADPH oxidase-driven O(2)(*-) production in rat isolated aortic rings, which was completely suppressed in PP2 (c-Src inhibitor)-pretreated rings, whereas PP3 (inactive analogue of PP2) was without effect.	Superoxides	57-65	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	8-12
20541601-0	2010	Neutrophil-mediated oxidation of enkephalins via myeloperoxidase-dependent addition of superoxide.	Superoxides	87-97	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	49-64
20541601-4	2010	In this investigation we reveal that neutrophils use myeloperoxidase to oxidize enkephalins to their corresponding tyrosyl free radicals, which react preferentially with the superoxide to form a hydroperoxide.	Superoxides	174-184	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	53-68
20430825-7	2010	The knockdown of ERAL1 in human HeLa cells elevated mitochondrial superoxide production and slightly decreased mitochondrial membrane potential.	Superoxides	66-76	Era like 12S mitochondrial rRNA chaperone 1	Homo sapiens	17-22
20812283-3	2010	Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) represents one of the three isoforms that produce nitric oxide using L-arginine as a substrate in response to an increase in superoxide anion activated by NF-kB.	Superoxides	164-180	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	0-31
20812283-3	2010	Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) represents one of the three isoforms that produce nitric oxide using L-arginine as a substrate in response to an increase in superoxide anion activated by NF-kB.	Superoxides	164-180	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	33-37
22371793-10	2010	CONCLUSIONS: The present study indicates that CoQ improves the most important component of the antioxidant defence system - SOD-1, which is responsible for O(2) ( -) scavenging.	Superoxides	156-160	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	124-129
20688045-5	2010	AngII-induced production of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide were elevated in response to the heat shock treatment.	Superoxides	50-60	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
20679547-4	2010	Daily treatment of Ang II-infused wild-type mice with recombinant human ACE2 (rhACE2; 2 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) IP) blunted the hypertrophic response and expression of hypertrophy markers and reduced Ang II-induced superoxide production.	Superoxides	211-221	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	19-25
20679547-11	2010	In adult ventricular cardiomyocytes and cardiofibroblasts, Ang II-mediated superoxide generation, collagen production, and extracellular signal-regulated 1/2 signaling were inhibited by rhACE2 in an Ang 1-7-dependent manner.	Superoxides	75-85	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	59-65
21253464-7	2010	Other phenotypes identified suggest that AIM45, YGR207c/CIR1 and YOR356w/CIR2 can protect cells from oxidative and heat stress, which encompass increased heat stress sensitivity, superoxide sensitivity, both only on non-fermentable carbon sources.	Superoxides	179-189	Cir1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	56-60
20493251-0	2010	Pluronic-modified superoxide dismutase 1 attenuates angiotensin II-induced increase in intracellular superoxide in neurons.	Superoxides	18-28	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	52-66
20493251-1	2010	Overexpressing superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1; also called Cu/ZnSOD), an intracellular superoxide (O(2)(*-))-scavenging enzyme, in central neurons inhibits angiotensin II (AngII) intraneuronal signaling and normalizes cardiovascular dysfunction in diseases associated with enhanced AngII signaling in the brain, including hypertension and heart failure.	Superoxides	15-25	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	39-43
20493251-1	2010	Overexpressing superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1; also called Cu/ZnSOD), an intracellular superoxide (O(2)(*-))-scavenging enzyme, in central neurons inhibits angiotensin II (AngII) intraneuronal signaling and normalizes cardiovascular dysfunction in diseases associated with enhanced AngII signaling in the brain, including hypertension and heart failure.	Superoxides	15-25	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	154-168
20493251-1	2010	Overexpressing superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1; also called Cu/ZnSOD), an intracellular superoxide (O(2)(*-))-scavenging enzyme, in central neurons inhibits angiotensin II (AngII) intraneuronal signaling and normalizes cardiovascular dysfunction in diseases associated with enhanced AngII signaling in the brain, including hypertension and heart failure.	Superoxides	15-25	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	170-175
20493251-1	2010	Overexpressing superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1; also called Cu/ZnSOD), an intracellular superoxide (O(2)(*-))-scavenging enzyme, in central neurons inhibits angiotensin II (AngII) intraneuronal signaling and normalizes cardiovascular dysfunction in diseases associated with enhanced AngII signaling in the brain, including hypertension and heart failure.	Superoxides	15-25	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	280-285
20493251-1	2010	Overexpressing superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1; also called Cu/ZnSOD), an intracellular superoxide (O(2)(*-))-scavenging enzyme, in central neurons inhibits angiotensin II (AngII) intraneuronal signaling and normalizes cardiovascular dysfunction in diseases associated with enhanced AngII signaling in the brain, including hypertension and heart failure.	Superoxides	97-101	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	15-37
20493251-1	2010	Overexpressing superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1; also called Cu/ZnSOD), an intracellular superoxide (O(2)(*-))-scavenging enzyme, in central neurons inhibits angiotensin II (AngII) intraneuronal signaling and normalizes cardiovascular dysfunction in diseases associated with enhanced AngII signaling in the brain, including hypertension and heart failure.	Superoxides	97-101	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	39-43
20493251-4	2010	The modified SOD1 effectively scavenged xanthine oxidase/hypoxanthine-derived O(2)(*-), as determined by HPLC and the measurement of 2-hydroxyethidium.	Superoxides	78-82	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
20493251-6	2010	Importantly, without inducing neuronal toxicity, SOD1-Pluronic conjugates significantly inhibited AngII-induced increases in intraneuronal O(2)(*-) levels.	Superoxides	139-143	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	49-53
20493251-6	2010	Importantly, without inducing neuronal toxicity, SOD1-Pluronic conjugates significantly inhibited AngII-induced increases in intraneuronal O(2)(*-) levels.	Superoxides	139-143	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	98-103
20493945-2	2010	The uncoupling proteins (UCP1, UCP2, and UCP3) and adenine nucleotide translocase induce proton leak in response to exogenously added fatty acids, superoxide, or lipid peroxidation products.	Superoxides	147-157	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	31-35
20529851-1	2010	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of resting phagocytes includes cytochrome b(559), a membrane-associated heterodimer composed of two subunits (Nox2 and p22(phox)), and four cytosolic proteins (p47(phox), p67(phox), Rac, and p40(phox)).	Superoxides	4-14	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	219-222
20395942-11	2010	CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that UCP2 plays an important role in preventing salt-sensitive hypertension, which may be achieved by suppressing superoxide production and reserving NO bioavailability in blood vessels.	Superoxides	150-160	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	41-45
20511416-8	2010	In the aortic wall, superoxide production was enhanced and NO-dependent relaxation diminished in apoE(-/-) x TGFbeta(1) mice but improved significantly after apocynin or SOD.	Superoxides	20-30	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	97-101
20716276-6	2010	Superoxide anion (*O(2)(-)) plays a proapoptotic role by causing downregulation and degradation of Bcl-2 protein through the ubiquitin-proteasomal pathway.	Superoxides	0-16	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	99-104
20434429-2	2010	This pseudo-catalase cycle involves several redox intermediates including Compounds I, II and III, hydrogen peroxide reduction and oxidation reactions as well as release of both dioxygen and superoxide.	Superoxides	191-201	catalase	Homo sapiens	12-20
20609565-5	2010	A 10-fold increase in superoxide production was seen in the Sod2 +/- CA2 neurons, indicating that Sod2 plays an important role in protecting the CA2 region of the hippocampus from seizure-induced free radical damage.	Superoxides	22-32	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	60-64
20609565-5	2010	A 10-fold increase in superoxide production was seen in the Sod2 +/- CA2 neurons, indicating that Sod2 plays an important role in protecting the CA2 region of the hippocampus from seizure-induced free radical damage.	Superoxides	22-32	carbonic anhydrase 2	Mus musculus	69-72
20609565-5	2010	A 10-fold increase in superoxide production was seen in the Sod2 +/- CA2 neurons, indicating that Sod2 plays an important role in protecting the CA2 region of the hippocampus from seizure-induced free radical damage.	Superoxides	22-32	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	98-102
20609565-5	2010	A 10-fold increase in superoxide production was seen in the Sod2 +/- CA2 neurons, indicating that Sod2 plays an important role in protecting the CA2 region of the hippocampus from seizure-induced free radical damage.	Superoxides	22-32	carbonic anhydrase 2	Mus musculus	145-148
20606111-7	2010	The elevated superoxide levels were normalized by expression of CuZnSOD in RVLM.	Superoxides	13-23	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	64-71
20489658-11	2010	Taken together, our results suggest that superoxide anions and prostanoids from cyclooxygenase-2 alter pathways downstream of alpha1-adrenoceptor activation in the contralateral carotid in response to injury.	Superoxides	41-58	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	80-96
20814064-0	2010	Superoxide is a potential culprit of caspase-3 dependent endothelial cell death induced by lysophosphatidylcholine.	Superoxides	0-10	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	37-46
20814064-3	2010	In this study, we report that superoxide mediate LPC-induced caspase-3 dependent apoptosis in cultured HUVECs.	Superoxides	30-40	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	61-70
20814064-9	2010	These findings indicate that the superoxide generation caused by LPC activates the caspase-3 which results in HUVECs death.	Superoxides	33-43	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	83-92
20814064-10	2010	This study reveals some evidences linking superoxide with caspase-3 activation and provides a new dimension to superoxide-mediated caspase-3 activation in developing the endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	42-52	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	58-67
20814064-10	2010	This study reveals some evidences linking superoxide with caspase-3 activation and provides a new dimension to superoxide-mediated caspase-3 activation in developing the endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	42-52	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	131-140
20814064-10	2010	This study reveals some evidences linking superoxide with caspase-3 activation and provides a new dimension to superoxide-mediated caspase-3 activation in developing the endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	111-121	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	131-140
20420821-0	2010	Plumbagin activates ERK1/2 and Akt via superoxide, Src and PI3-kinase in 3T3-L1 cells.	Superoxides	39-49	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	31-34
20420821-5	2010	The plumbagin-stimulated ERK1/2 and Akt activities were sensitive to an antioxidant NAC, superoxide dismutase mimetic MnTBAP, superoxide scavenger Tiron and NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor DPI.	Superoxides	89-99	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	36-39
20448043-1	2010	Angiotensin II (Ang II) stimulates thick ascending limb (TAL) O2 production, but the receptor(s) and signaling mechanism(s)involved are unknown.	Superoxides	62-64	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-22
20448043-2	2010	The effect of Ang II on O2.	Superoxides	24-26	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	14-20
20448043-5	2010	We hypothesized that in TALs, Ang II stimulates O2.	Superoxides	48-50	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	30-36
20448043-6	2010	via AT1and PKC alpha-dependent NADPH oxidase activation.In rat TALs, 1 nM Ang II stimulated O2.	Superoxides	92-94	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	74-80
20448043-8	2010	An AT1antagonist blocked the stimulatory effect of Ang II on O2.	Superoxides	61-63	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	51-57
20448043-14	2010	A general PKC inhibitor, GF109203X, blocked the effect of Ang II on O2(1.47 +/- .21 versus 2.72 +/- .47 nmol/min/mg with Ang II alone; p &lt; 0.03).	Superoxides	68-70	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	58-64
20448043-14	2010	A general PKC inhibitor, GF109203X, blocked the effect of Ang II on O2(1.47 +/- .21 versus 2.72 +/- .47 nmol/min/mg with Ang II alone; p &lt; 0.03).	Superoxides	68-70	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	121-127
20448043-15	2010	A PKCalpha- and ss-selective inhibitor, Go6976, also blocked the stimulatory effect of Ang II on O2.	Superoxides	97-99	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	87-93
20448043-18	2010	In control TALs, Ang II stimulated O2.	Superoxides	35-37	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	17-23
20448215-4	2010	METHODS AND RESULTS: In this study, we found that the hormone angiotensin (Ang II) increased endothelial mitochondrial superoxide production.	Superoxides	119-129	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	62-73
20448215-4	2010	METHODS AND RESULTS: In this study, we found that the hormone angiotensin (Ang II) increased endothelial mitochondrial superoxide production.	Superoxides	119-129	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	75-81
20448215-6	2010	These effects were mimicked by overexpressing the mitochondrial MnSOD (SOD2), whereas SOD2 depletion with small interfering RNA increased both basal and Ang II-stimulated cellular O2(-).	Superoxides	180-182	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	86-90
20448215-6	2010	These effects were mimicked by overexpressing the mitochondrial MnSOD (SOD2), whereas SOD2 depletion with small interfering RNA increased both basal and Ang II-stimulated cellular O2(-).	Superoxides	180-182	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	153-159
20091314-9	2010	During I/R, production of superoxide (O(2) (.-)) was greatest in TNF(++/++) mice as compared to WT, TNF(-/++) and TNF(-/-) mice.	Superoxides	26-36	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	65-68
20091314-9	2010	During I/R, production of superoxide (O(2) (.-)) was greatest in TNF(++/++) mice as compared to WT, TNF(-/++) and TNF(-/-) mice.	Superoxides	26-36	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	100-103
20091314-9	2010	During I/R, production of superoxide (O(2) (.-)) was greatest in TNF(++/++) mice as compared to WT, TNF(-/++) and TNF(-/-) mice.	Superoxides	26-36	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	100-103
20091314-9	2010	During I/R, production of superoxide (O(2) (.-)) was greatest in TNF(++/++) mice as compared to WT, TNF(-/++) and TNF(-/-) mice.	Superoxides	38-42	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	65-68
20651824-4	2010	These results suggest that in the mouse aorta, exposure to high glucose levels may lead to an excessive generation of superoxide via increased gp91phox and decreased Mn-SOD protein expression and that this may in turn trigger an impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation.	Superoxides	118-128	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	166-172
20590844-1	2010	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) is a mitochondrial enzyme that converts toxic O(2)(-) to H(2)O(2).	Superoxides	86-93	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	0-30
20590844-1	2010	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) is a mitochondrial enzyme that converts toxic O(2)(-) to H(2)O(2).	Superoxides	86-93	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	32-38
21731194-8	2010	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase and catalase are termed as primary antioxidants as these scavenge superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	117-133	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
21731194-8	2010	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase and catalase are termed as primary antioxidants as these scavenge superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	117-133	catalase	Homo sapiens	55-63
20375908-6	2010	These protective effects of aliskiren in db/db mice were attributed to the attenuation of p22(phox)-related nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase-induced superoxide.	Superoxides	168-178	dynein cytoplasmic 1 heavy chain 1	Mus musculus	90-159
20638037-0	2010	Endothelin-1 enhances superoxide and prostaglandin E2 production of isolated diabetic glomeruli.	Superoxides	22-32	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-12
20638037-3	2010	The aim of this study was to determine whether ET-1 exerts a differential effect on the production of superoxide and PGE2 in diabetic glomeruli.	Superoxides	102-112	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	47-51
20638037-7	2010	ET-1 stimulated superoxide production in normal, DM1W and DM1M glomeruli (p &lt; 0.01) but not in DM3M rats.	Superoxides	16-26	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
20638037-10	2010	Pretreatment with indomethacin further enhanced ET-1-stimulated superoxide production in all groups of diabetic rats (p &lt; 0.05), while the ET-1-stimulated PGE2 production was attenuated by indomethacin.	Superoxides	64-74	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	48-52
20638037-13	2010	ET-1 further stimulated production of both superoxide and PGE2.	Superoxides	43-53	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
20638037-14	2010	Indomethacin could enhance ET-1-stimulated superoxide production while attenuating PGE2 production.	Superoxides	43-53	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	27-31
20223891-4	2010	Significantly higher levels of superoxide were detected in SOD1-deficinet embryos cultured under 20% O(2) using dihydroethidium.	Superoxides	31-41	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	59-63
20470909-5	2010	Both TNF-alpha mRNA and NF-kappaB activation were reduced by hypoxia that suppressed superoxide anion generation.	Superoxides	85-101	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	5-14
20353766-0	2010	Angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers prevent tumor necrosis factor-alpha-mediated endothelial nitric oxide synthase reduction and superoxide production in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.	Superoxides	133-143	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
20353766-0	2010	Angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers prevent tumor necrosis factor-alpha-mediated endothelial nitric oxide synthase reduction and superoxide production in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.	Superoxides	133-143	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	48-75
20353766-9	2010	These results suggest that AT1 receptor blockers are able to ameliorate TNF-alpha-dependent eNOS reduction or cell injury by inhibiting superoxide production or nuclear factor-kappaB activation.	Superoxides	136-146	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	72-81
20053589-0	2010	Dietary salt enhances angiotensin-II-induced superoxide formation in the rostral ventrolateral medulla.	Superoxides	45-55	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	22-36
20053589-1	2010	We investigated the association of dietary salt and angiotensin-II infusion on hypertension and superoxide formation in the RVLM.	Superoxides	96-106	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	52-66
20053589-9	2010	The magnitude of superoxide formation measured by the dihydroethidium technique in the RVLM was greater in the RVLM of rats treated with Ang-II+2% NaCl (123+/-10 Delta%, P&lt;0.05%), than with Ang-II+0.4% (67+/-9 Delta%) and saline+2% NaCl (5+/-3 Delta%,).	Superoxides	17-27	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	137-143
20053589-10	2010	The findings indicate that dietary salt potentiates Ang-II-derived superoxide formation in the RVLM, resulting in a more severe hypertension.	Superoxides	67-77	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	52-58
20053589-9	2010	The magnitude of superoxide formation measured by the dihydroethidium technique in the RVLM was greater in the RVLM of rats treated with Ang-II+2% NaCl (123+/-10 Delta%, P&lt;0.05%), than with Ang-II+0.4% (67+/-9 Delta%) and saline+2% NaCl (5+/-3 Delta%,).	Superoxides	17-27	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	193-199
20400306-2	2010	The SOD-like activity of parent ligands and complexes were determined by the inhibition of nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction method, using xanthine/xanthine oxidase as the superoxide radical generator.	Superoxides	176-186	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	4-7
20226235-6	2010	It was observed that superoxide production through the activation of the calcium-dependent enzymes, phospholipase A(2) (cPLA(2)) and xanthine oxidase (XaO), contributes to neuronal damage, while nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is apparently not involved.	Superoxides	21-31	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	100-118
20226235-6	2010	It was observed that superoxide production through the activation of the calcium-dependent enzymes, phospholipase A(2) (cPLA(2)) and xanthine oxidase (XaO), contributes to neuronal damage, while nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is apparently not involved.	Superoxides	21-31	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	195-216
20215577-9	2010	L-arginine may act through three pathways, providing a substrate for NO generation, preserving eNOS expression/phosphorylation, and maintaining the association of eNOS and HSP90, which allows restoration of eNOS activity and coupling activity, to maintain the balance between NO and O(2)(*-) and delay the development of PH.	Superoxides	283-287	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Rattus norvegicus	172-177
20335375-2	2010	Because vascular superoxide increases ANG II sensitivity, we hypothesized that peripheral responsiveness following recovery from AKI was attributable to vascular oxidant stress.	Superoxides	17-27	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	38-44
20149782-2	2010	Although most previous work has implicated the A(2A)AR, we have recently shown that selective activation of the abundantly expressed A(3)AR inhibits neutrophil superoxide production and chemotaxis providing a potential mechanistic explanation for the efficacy of A(3)AR agonists in experimental animal models of inflammation.	Superoxides	160-170	adenosine A3 receptor	Mus musculus	133-139
20149782-3	2010	In this study, we hypothesized that the A(3)AR suppresses neutrophil functions by inhibiting the monomeric GTPase Rac, a central regulator of chemokine-directed neutrophil migration and superoxide production.	Superoxides	186-196	adenosine A3 receptor	Mus musculus	40-46
20149782-3	2010	In this study, we hypothesized that the A(3)AR suppresses neutrophil functions by inhibiting the monomeric GTPase Rac, a central regulator of chemokine-directed neutrophil migration and superoxide production.	Superoxides	186-196	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	114-117
20345980-0	2010	Ketamine reduces inducible superoxide generation in human neutrophils in vitro by modulating the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-mediated pathway.	Superoxides	27-37	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	97-133
20345980-4	2010	Here, we show that treatment with S(+)-ketamine or R(-)-ketamine at different concentrations (50, 100, 200, 400 microM) reduced fMLP-induced superoxide anion generation and p47(phox) phosphorylation in neutrophils in a concentration-dependent manner (y = -0.093x + 93.35 for S(+)-ketamine and y = -0.0982x + 95.603 for R(-)-ketamine, respectively).	Superoxides	141-157	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	128-132
20345980-5	2010	While treatment with 50 microM ketamine inhibited fMLP-induced superoxide generation by 10%, treatment with 400 microM S(+)-ketamine and R(-)-ketamine reduced fMLP-induced superoxide generation to 60.5 +/- 8.3% and 60.0 +/- 8.5%, respectively, compared with that in neutrophils treated with fMLP alone.	Superoxides	63-73	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	50-54
20345980-5	2010	While treatment with 50 microM ketamine inhibited fMLP-induced superoxide generation by 10%, treatment with 400 microM S(+)-ketamine and R(-)-ketamine reduced fMLP-induced superoxide generation to 60.5 +/- 8.3% and 60.0 +/- 8.5%, respectively, compared with that in neutrophils treated with fMLP alone.	Superoxides	172-182	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	159-163
20345980-5	2010	While treatment with 50 microM ketamine inhibited fMLP-induced superoxide generation by 10%, treatment with 400 microM S(+)-ketamine and R(-)-ketamine reduced fMLP-induced superoxide generation to 60.5 +/- 8.3% and 60.0 +/- 8.5%, respectively, compared with that in neutrophils treated with fMLP alone.	Superoxides	172-182	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	159-163
20345980-7	2010	Interestingly, treatment with SB203580, the p38 MAPK inhibitor, also mitigated fMLP-induced superoxide anion generation and p38 MAPK and p47(phox) phosphorylation as well as apoptosis in a concentration-dependent fashion in neutrophils.	Superoxides	92-108	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	44-47
20345980-7	2010	Interestingly, treatment with SB203580, the p38 MAPK inhibitor, also mitigated fMLP-induced superoxide anion generation and p38 MAPK and p47(phox) phosphorylation as well as apoptosis in a concentration-dependent fashion in neutrophils.	Superoxides	92-108	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	79-83
20345980-8	2010	Therefore, ketamine racemes inhibited fMLP-induced superoxide anion generation and p47(phox) phosphorylation by modulating fMLP-mediated p38 MAPK activation in neutrophils.	Superoxides	51-67	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	38-42
20345980-8	2010	Therefore, ketamine racemes inhibited fMLP-induced superoxide anion generation and p47(phox) phosphorylation by modulating fMLP-mediated p38 MAPK activation in neutrophils.	Superoxides	51-67	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	137-140
20445533-2	2010	Through activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, angiotensin II induces superoxide, which is primarily cleared by cytosolic copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD).	Superoxides	98-108	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	75-89
20211249-10	2010	These results suggest that hepatotoxicity exhibited by the Hsp90 inhibitors belonging to benzoquinone ansamycins could be attributed to superoxide.	Superoxides	136-146	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Rattus norvegicus	59-64
20385973-9	2010	RNA interference knockdown of IL-6 significantly decreased the cold-induced increase in vascular superoxide production.	Superoxides	97-107	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	30-34
20439821-0	2010	Angiotensin II-induced vascular smooth muscle cell migration and growth are mediated by cytochrome P450 1B1-dependent superoxide generation.	Superoxides	118-128	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
20117233-6	2010	Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor l-NAME increased phagocytosis, LT and superoxide formation by neutrophils, and abolished the difference in the action of the LPSs forms.	Superoxides	76-86	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	0-21
20385134-5	2010	The resultant anionic current balances the excess charge extruded by the active NADPH oxidase, supporting the generation of superoxide by the enzyme.	Superoxides	124-134	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	80-93
20363911-8	2010	Furthermore, overexpression of Bcl-2 in the vascular endothelium inhibited the diabetes-induced degeneration of retinal capillaries and aberrant superoxide generation, but had no effect on Bax expression or leukostasis.	Superoxides	145-155	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	31-36
20127174-7	2010	Bcl-2 down-regulation as well as anoikis enhancement by curcumin were inhibited by superoxide anion scavenger, Mn(III)tetrakis(4-benzoic acid) porphyrin chloride, but were unaffected by other ROS scavengers including catalase and deferoxamine, suggesting that superoxide anion is a key player in the downregulation of Bcl-2 by curcumin.	Superoxides	83-99	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	0-5
20127174-7	2010	Bcl-2 down-regulation as well as anoikis enhancement by curcumin were inhibited by superoxide anion scavenger, Mn(III)tetrakis(4-benzoic acid) porphyrin chloride, but were unaffected by other ROS scavengers including catalase and deferoxamine, suggesting that superoxide anion is a key player in the downregulation of Bcl-2 by curcumin.	Superoxides	260-276	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	0-5
20097285-7	2010	Nuclear G93A SOD1 has identical superoxide dismutase activity but displays increased peroxidase activity when compared to wild-type SOD1.	Superoxides	32-42	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
20074642-5	2010	P-Rex1-dependent superoxide generation in the reconstituted COS(phox) cells was further enhanced by expression of the novel PKC isoform PKCdelta and by overexpression of Akt.	Superoxides	17-27	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	64-68
20074642-5	2010	P-Rex1-dependent superoxide generation in the reconstituted COS(phox) cells was further enhanced by expression of the novel PKC isoform PKCdelta and by overexpression of Akt.	Superoxides	17-27	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	170-173
20074642-7	2010	In contrast, a dominant negative Akt mutant reduced the fMet-Leu-Phe stimulated superoxide generation as well as Rac1 activation.	Superoxides	80-90	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	33-36
20074642-8	2010	These results demonstrate that in COS(phox) cells, P-Rex1 is a critical component for FPR1-mediated signaling leading to NADPH oxidase activation, and there is a crosstalk between the P-Rex1-Rac pathway and Akt in superoxide generation.	Superoxides	214-224	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	38-42
20074642-8	2010	These results demonstrate that in COS(phox) cells, P-Rex1 is a critical component for FPR1-mediated signaling leading to NADPH oxidase activation, and there is a crosstalk between the P-Rex1-Rac pathway and Akt in superoxide generation.	Superoxides	214-224	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	86-90
20074642-8	2010	These results demonstrate that in COS(phox) cells, P-Rex1 is a critical component for FPR1-mediated signaling leading to NADPH oxidase activation, and there is a crosstalk between the P-Rex1-Rac pathway and Akt in superoxide generation.	Superoxides	214-224	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	207-210
20480235-2	2010	Infusions of Ang II and a high salt diet increase the activity of NADPH oxidase that stimulates superoxide anion (O(-2)) generation and increases the expression of certain subunits of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	96-112	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	13-19
20480235-3	2010	Apocynin, an NADPH oxidase inhibitor with antihypertensive effects, is able to inhibit the release of superoxide anion by inhibiting NADPH oxidase activity and blocking the migration of p47 phox to the mitochondrial membrane.	Superoxides	102-118	NSFL1 cofactor	Rattus norvegicus	186-189
20459757-11	2010	Agents that generate hydroxyl and superoxide radicals reduce EBNA1"s activity but increase transactivation by Tat.	Superoxides	34-44	EBNA-1	Human gammaherpesvirus 4	61-66
20439172-9	2010	Oxidative stress induced by As, especially excessive superoxide, plays a critical role in blocking the LKB1-AMPK pathway.	Superoxides	53-63	serine/threonine kinase 11	Mus musculus	103-107
20439172-9	2010	Oxidative stress induced by As, especially excessive superoxide, plays a critical role in blocking the LKB1-AMPK pathway.	Superoxides	53-63	protein kinase, AMP-activated, alpha 1 catalytic subunit	Mus musculus	108-112
20040516-10	2010	Collectively, we show that Sod1(-/-) mice display characteristics of normal aging muscle in an accelerated manner and propose that the superoxide-induced NMJ degeneration and mitochondrial dysfunction are potential mechanisms of sarcopenia.	Superoxides	135-145	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	27-31
20184893-1	2010	Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is a dimeric metal-binding enzyme responsible for the dismutation of toxic superoxide to hydrogen peroxide and oxygen in cells.	Superoxides	6-16	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
20346917-0	2010	Curcumin dramatically enhances retinoic acid-induced superoxide generating activity via accumulation of p47-phox and p67-phox proteins in U937 cells.	Superoxides	53-63	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	117-120
20346917-1	2010	The membrane bound cytochrome b558 composed of large gp91-phox and small p22-phox subunits, and cytosolic proteins p40-, p47- and p67-phox are important components of superoxide (O(2)(-))-generating system in phagocytes and B lymphocytes.	Superoxides	167-177	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	130-133
20346917-1	2010	The membrane bound cytochrome b558 composed of large gp91-phox and small p22-phox subunits, and cytosolic proteins p40-, p47- and p67-phox are important components of superoxide (O(2)(-))-generating system in phagocytes and B lymphocytes.	Superoxides	179-182	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	130-133
20346917-7	2010	These results suggested that curcumin dramatically enhances RA-induced O(2)(-)-generating activity via accumulation of cytosolic p47-phox and p67-phox proteins in U937 cells.	Superoxides	71-78	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	142-145
20089930-0	2010	Mitochondria-produced superoxide mediates angiotensin II-induced inhibition of neuronal potassium current.	Superoxides	22-32	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	42-56
20053794-0	2010	PKC-alpha mediates flow-stimulated superoxide production in thick ascending limbs.	Superoxides	35-45	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	0-9
20053794-4	2010	We hypothesized that PKC mediates flow-stimulated net O(2)(-) production by thick ascending limbs.	Superoxides	54-58	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	21-24
20053794-7	2010	Flow-stimulated O(2)(-) was also blocked in p47(phox)-deficient mice.	Superoxides	16-20	NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47)	Mus musculus	44-47
20053794-9	2010	In the absence of flow, the PKC activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (200 nM) enhanced net O(2)(-) production from 5 +/- 2 to 92 +/- 6 AU/s (P &lt; 0.001; n = 6).	Superoxides	96-100	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	28-31
20053794-10	2010	The PKC-alpha- and betaI-selective inhibitor Go 6976 (100 nM) decreased flow-stimulated net O(2)(-) production from 54 +/- 15 to 2 +/- 1 AU/s (P &lt; 0.04; n = 5).	Superoxides	92-96	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	4-13
20053794-11	2010	Flow-induced net O(2)(-) production was inhibited in thick ascending limbs transduced with dominant-negative (dn)PKC-alpha but not dnPKCbetaI or LacZ (Delta = 11 +/- 3 AU/s for dnPKCalpha, 55 +/- 7 AU/s for dnPKCbetaI, and 63 +/- 7 AU/s for LacZ; P &lt; 0.001; n = 6).	Superoxides	17-21	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	113-122
20089675-8	2010	In cultured proximal tubular cells, TK inhibited angiotensin II-induced superoxide production and NADH oxidase activity via NO formation.	Superoxides	72-82	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	49-63
19843095-2	2010	Regulation of vascular Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase by p47(phox) plays a pivotal role in the development of atherosclerotic lesions through the generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	159-169	NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47)	Mus musculus	56-59
20214507-6	2010	Plasma and liver high-mobility group box 1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, plasma aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were also suppressed with the suppression of O(2).- generation.	Superoxides	187-191	glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 2	Rattus norvegicus	86-112
20194292-3	2010	In the present study, we hypothesized that EPO stimulates expression and activity of copper- and zinc-containing superoxide dismutase (SOD1), thus protecting vascular tissue from oxidative stress induced by excessive concentrations of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	235-252	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	135-139
20194292-6	2010	The ability of EPO to reduce vascular production of superoxide anions was abolished in SOD1-deficient mice.	Superoxides	52-69	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	87-91
20194298-6	2010	Ang II treatment produced superoxide-mediated impairment of responses to the endothelium-dependent vasodilator acetylcholine (P&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	26-36	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	0-6
20194298-10	2010	Vascular superoxide levels after treatment with an inhibitor of CuZn and extracellular superoxide dismutase were higher in Ang II-treated versus vehicle-treated MnSOD(+/-) mice.	Superoxides	9-19	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	123-129
20194298-10	2010	Vascular superoxide levels after treatment with an inhibitor of CuZn and extracellular superoxide dismutase were higher in Ang II-treated versus vehicle-treated MnSOD(+/-) mice.	Superoxides	9-19	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	161-166
20194307-8	2010	Moreover, pitavastatin and Tempol reduced Ang II-induced atrial superoxide production and atrial transforming growth factor-beta1 expression and Smad 2/3 phosphorylation.	Superoxides	64-74	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	42-48
20125033-6	2010	TNF increased intracellular superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production accompanied by increases of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein expression and nitric oxide production.	Superoxides	28-38	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
20053794-12	2010	We concluded that flow stimulates net O(2)(-) production in thick ascending limbs via PKC-alpha-mediated activation of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	38-43	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	86-95
20103697-0	2010	Superoxide scavenging and Akt inhibition in myocardium ameliorate pressure overload-induced NF-kappaB activation and cardiac hypertrophy.	Superoxides	0-10	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	92-101
20103697-1	2010	Recent studies from our laboratory and others have shown that increases in cytoplasmic superoxide (O(2)( -)) levels and Akt activation play a key role in agonist-stimulated NF-kappaB activation and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in vitro.	Superoxides	87-97	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	173-182
20103697-1	2010	Recent studies from our laboratory and others have shown that increases in cytoplasmic superoxide (O(2)( -)) levels and Akt activation play a key role in agonist-stimulated NF-kappaB activation and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in vitro.	Superoxides	99-103	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	173-182
20103697-9	2010	Since a direct cause-and-effect relationship between NF-kappaB activation and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy has been established previously, our data support the hypothesis that increased O(2)( -) generation and Akt activation are key signaling intermediates in pressure overload-induced activation of NF-kappaB and cardiac hypertrophy.	Superoxides	184-188	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	53-62
20103697-9	2010	Since a direct cause-and-effect relationship between NF-kappaB activation and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy has been established previously, our data support the hypothesis that increased O(2)( -) generation and Akt activation are key signaling intermediates in pressure overload-induced activation of NF-kappaB and cardiac hypertrophy.	Superoxides	184-188	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	298-307
20224768-4	2010	Our findings show that the absence of STAT3 signaling in astrocytes leads to (i) increased production of superoxide anion and other reactive oxygen species and decreased level of glutathione, (ii) decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and decreased ATP production, and (iii) decreased rate of cell proliferation.	Superoxides	105-121	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Homo sapiens	38-43
20150548-2	2010	The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that changes in superoxide, in genetically altered mice with deletion and overexpression of copper/zinc-superoxide dismutase (SOD1), modulate susceptibility to ICH.	Superoxides	66-76	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	176-180
20150548-9	2010	Moreover, levels of superoxide and matrix metalloproteinase-9 were greater in SOD1(-/-) mice than wild-type littermates after induction of ICH.	Superoxides	20-30	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	78-82
20060889-5	2010	However, overexpression of SOD2 in these cells reduced the mitochondrial superoxide level, protected mitochondrial morphology and functions, and provided resistance against glutamate-induced oxidative cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	73-83	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	27-31
20100497-8	2010	Additionally, Ang II stimulated O(2)(-) and ROS generations in VSMCs, and EGCG decreased the Ang II-induced increase of O(2)(-) and ROS in a concentration-dependent fashion.	Superoxides	32-36	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	14-20
20015941-3	2010	Diabetic RAGE-/- mice were protected against albuminuria, hyperfiltration, glomerulosclerosis, decreased renal mitochondrial ATP production, and excess generation of both mitochondrial and cytosolic superoxide.	Superoxides	199-209	advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor	Mus musculus	9-13
20007453-0	2010	Tumor necrosis factor induces matrix metalloproteinases in cardiomyocytes and cardiofibroblasts differentially via superoxide production in a PI3Kgamma-dependent manner.	Superoxides	115-125	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	0-21
20007453-5	2010	In response to recombinant TNF (rTNF, 20 ng/ml), cardiomyocytes exhibited faster and more pronounced superoxide production compared with cardiofibroblasts, concomitant with increased expression of several MMPs.	Superoxides	101-111	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	27-30
20007453-10	2010	We identified phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)gamma as a key factor in TNF-mediated events since TNF-induced superoxide production, MMP expression, and activity were significantly suppressed in cardiomyocytes and cardiofibroblasts deficient in PI3Kgamma.	Superoxides	113-123	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	75-78
20007453-10	2010	We identified phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)gamma as a key factor in TNF-mediated events since TNF-induced superoxide production, MMP expression, and activity were significantly suppressed in cardiomyocytes and cardiofibroblasts deficient in PI3Kgamma.	Superoxides	113-123	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	101-104
20007453-11	2010	We further demonstrated that the TNF-superoxide-MMP axis of events is in fact activated in heart disease in vivo.	Superoxides	37-47	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	33-36
20007453-13	2010	Our study demonstrates that TNF triggers expression and activation of MMPs faster and stronger in cardiomyocytes than in cardiofibroblasts in a superoxide-dependent manner and via activation of PI3Kgamma, thereby contributing to adverse myocardial remodeling in disease.	Superoxides	144-154	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	28-31
20034962-3	2010	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide anion to hydrogen peroxide, which is subsequently detoxified by catalase.	Superoxides	56-72	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
20044444-10	2010	Employing this cell line, we also found that the ANG II-induced inhibition of Kv4.3 mRNA expression was attenuated by the superoxide scavenger Tempol and the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB-203580.	Superoxides	122-132	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	49-55
20044444-10	2010	Employing this cell line, we also found that the ANG II-induced inhibition of Kv4.3 mRNA expression was attenuated by the superoxide scavenger Tempol and the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB-203580.	Superoxides	122-132	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3	Rattus norvegicus	78-83
20091890-6	2010	Moreover, ACSO mitigated TNF-alpha induced depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential and overproduction of superoxide anion, associated with the inhibition of NOX4, a subunit of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase, mRNA transcription.	Superoxides	116-132	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	25-34
20139358-6	2010	JNK small interference RNA (siJNK) reduced oxLDL-induced mitochondrial superoxide production by 88.4% and mitochondrial membrane potential by 61.7%.	Superoxides	71-81	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	0-3
19892017-7	2010	The increase in NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production positively correlated with the activation of both CAT and GPx.	Superoxides	40-50	catalase	Homo sapiens	112-115
19740072-5	2010	These include eNOS(endothelial NO synthase), which produces NO (inhibited by Rho), and NADPH oxidase, which produces superoxide (dependent on Rac).	Superoxides	117-127	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	142-145
19843513-8	2010	Phenylephrine and endothelin-1 induced powerful concentration-dependent vasoconstrictions that were unaffected by superoxide scavengers.	Superoxides	114-124	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	18-30
19040422-4	2010	These events are attenuated in cells stably overexpressing the antioxidant enzyme SOD1, suggesting that superoxide plays a crucial role in destabilizing cytoskeleton.	Superoxides	104-114	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	82-86
20154025-0	2010	Intermittent high glucose exacerbates the aberrant production of adiponectin and resistin through mitochondrial superoxide overproduction in adipocytes.	Superoxides	112-122	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Homo sapiens	65-76
20016022-8	2010	The protective effects of MnSOD, tempol, NOS inhibitors, and uric acid point out a role of the superoxide anion reacting with NO to form mtDNA-damaging peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	95-111	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	26-31
19946124-0	2010	Beta-actin association with endothelial nitric-oxide synthase modulates nitric oxide and superoxide generation from the enzyme.	Superoxides	89-99	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	28-61
19895807-0	2010	The role of superoxide anion in the inhibitory effect of SIN-1 in thrombin-activated human platelet adhesion.	Superoxides	12-28	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	57-62
19946124-7	2010	Site-directed mutagenesis of the actin-binding domain of eNOS replacing leucine and tryptophan with alanine yielded an eNOS mutant that exhibited reduced eNOS-beta-actin association, decreased NO production, and increased superoxide formation in COS-7 cells.	Superoxides	222-232	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	57-61
19946124-7	2010	Site-directed mutagenesis of the actin-binding domain of eNOS replacing leucine and tryptophan with alanine yielded an eNOS mutant that exhibited reduced eNOS-beta-actin association, decreased NO production, and increased superoxide formation in COS-7 cells.	Superoxides	222-232	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	119-123
19946124-7	2010	Site-directed mutagenesis of the actin-binding domain of eNOS replacing leucine and tryptophan with alanine yielded an eNOS mutant that exhibited reduced eNOS-beta-actin association, decreased NO production, and increased superoxide formation in COS-7 cells.	Superoxides	222-232	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	119-123
19946124-8	2010	Disruption of eNOS-beta-actin interaction in endothelial cells using ABS peptide 326 resulted in decreased NO production, increased superoxide formation, and decreased endothelial monolayer wound repair, which was prevented by PEG-SOD and NO donor NOC-18.	Superoxides	132-142	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	14-18
19946124-9	2010	Taken together, this novel finding indicates that beta-actin binding to eNOS through residues 326-333 in the eNOS protein results in shifting the enzymatic activity from superoxide formation toward NO production.	Superoxides	170-180	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	72-76
19946124-9	2010	Taken together, this novel finding indicates that beta-actin binding to eNOS through residues 326-333 in the eNOS protein results in shifting the enzymatic activity from superoxide formation toward NO production.	Superoxides	170-180	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	109-113
19946124-10	2010	Modulation of NO and superoxide formation from eNOS by beta-actin plays an important role in endothelial function.	Superoxides	21-31	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	47-51
19895807-4	2010	3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) co-generates NO and O(2)(-), yielding ONOO(-).	Superoxides	52-56	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	25-30
20039174-0	2010	Oxidative stress induced by loss of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) or superoxide-generating herbicides causes axonal degeneration in mouse DRG cultures.	Superoxides	42-52	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	64-68
19951259-6	2010	Superoxide production was increased in mthfr+/- mice fed HCD treated or not with rosiglitazone, whereas plasma nitrite was decreased by rosiglitazone in mice fed or not HCD.	Superoxides	0-10	methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase	Mus musculus	39-44
20007513-0	2010	GTPase-Rac enhances depolarization-induced superoxide production by the macula densa during tubuloglomerular feedback.	Superoxides	43-53	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	7-10
19685356-5	2010	RESULTS: In hIP samples tested by cytochrome c reduction kinetics, the average superoxide production was 27.34 mumoles per mg of total protein, against 0.36 in controls.	Superoxides	79-89	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	34-46
20007513-11	2010	In conclusion, we found that depolarization of the MD during TGF leads to translocation of Rac to the apical membrane, which enhances O(2)(-) generation by the MD.	Superoxides	134-137	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	91-94
19729361-7	2010	Enhanced NF-kappaB activity in db/db mice was associated with increased oxidative stress as demonstrated by increased ROS, superoxide, and peroxynitrite production, and increased NF-kappaB, gp91phox, and Nox1 expression; PDTC ameliorated these effects.	Superoxides	123-133	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	9-18
20094844-1	2010	Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is an antioxidant enzyme that catalyzes the removal of superoxide radicals generated in various biological oxidations.	Superoxides	6-16	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
20045652-3	2010	The geometry at the central metal ion provides a site for binding of superoxide anion responsible for better SOD mimic behaviour.	Superoxides	69-85	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	109-112
20065158-1	2010	In the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), angiotensin II-derived superoxide anions, which increase sympathetic nerve activity, induce a pressor response by activating the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway.	Superoxides	68-85	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	45-59
20065158-1	2010	In the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), angiotensin II-derived superoxide anions, which increase sympathetic nerve activity, induce a pressor response by activating the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway.	Superoxides	68-85	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	226-263
20065158-1	2010	In the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), angiotensin II-derived superoxide anions, which increase sympathetic nerve activity, induce a pressor response by activating the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway.	Superoxides	68-85	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	265-268
20053941-2	2010	Phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2))-derived arachidonic acid (AA) activates the assembly of NADPH oxidase to generate superoxide anion.	Superoxides	110-126	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	0-18
20010434-4	2010	ANG induced an increase in the extracellular superoxide anion produced by NADPH oxidase but had no effect in the intracellular ROS production.	Superoxides	45-61	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-3
20053941-2	2010	Phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2))-derived arachidonic acid (AA) activates the assembly of NADPH oxidase to generate superoxide anion.	Superoxides	110-126	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	20-26
20053941-4	2010	The aim of this study was to identify the PLA(2) isoform involved in the regulation of superoxide generation in neutrophils and investigate if PLA(2) mediates priming in response to pathologic hyperglycemia.	Superoxides	87-97	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	42-48
20053941-6	2010	Incubating neutrophils with the Ca(2+)-independent PLA(2) (iPLA(2)) inhibitor bromoenol lactone (BEL) completely suppressed fMLP-induced generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	151-161	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	51-57
20053941-6	2010	Incubating neutrophils with the Ca(2+)-independent PLA(2) (iPLA(2)) inhibitor bromoenol lactone (BEL) completely suppressed fMLP-induced generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	151-161	phospholipase A2 group VI	Homo sapiens	59-66
20053941-6	2010	Incubating neutrophils with the Ca(2+)-independent PLA(2) (iPLA(2)) inhibitor bromoenol lactone (BEL) completely suppressed fMLP-induced generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	151-161	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	124-128
20053941-8	2010	Small interfering RNA knockdown of iPLA(2) inhibited superoxide generation by neutrophils.	Superoxides	53-63	phospholipase A2 group VI	Homo sapiens	35-42
20053941-9	2010	Neutrophils from people with poorly controlled diabetes and in vitro incubation of neutrophils with high glucose and the receptor for advanced glycation end products ligand S100B greatly enhanced superoxide generation compared with controls, and this was significantly inhibited by BEL.	Superoxides	196-206	S100 calcium binding protein B	Homo sapiens	173-178
20053941-12	2010	This study provides evidence for the role of iPLA(2) in enhanced superoxide generation in neutrophils from people with diabetes mellitus and presents an alternate pathway independent of protein kinase C and phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase-1 hydrolase signaling.	Superoxides	65-75	phospholipase A2 group VI	Homo sapiens	45-52
20026664-0	2010	VSOP/Hv1 proton channels sustain calcium entry, neutrophil migration, and superoxide production by limiting cell depolarization and acidification.	Superoxides	74-84	hydrogen voltage-gated channel 1	Mus musculus	0-4
20022053-2	2010	Mice with mutation in the Immp2l gene have high superoxide ion levels and a consequent decrease in the bioavailable amount of nitric oxide.	Superoxides	48-58	IMP2 inner mitochondrial membrane peptidase-like (S. cerevisiae)	Mus musculus	26-32
20033309-2	2010	We investigated the hypothesis that SOD3, which neutralizes superoxide anions (O2(-)) in the intercellular space of the brain, prevents the inactivation of nitric oxide (NO) and is thus involved in regulating cerebral vascular tone.	Superoxides	60-77	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-40
20033309-2	2010	We investigated the hypothesis that SOD3, which neutralizes superoxide anions (O2(-)) in the intercellular space of the brain, prevents the inactivation of nitric oxide (NO) and is thus involved in regulating cerebral vascular tone.	Superoxides	79-81	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-40
20033309-4	2010	In normal conditions, SOD3 was found to minimize O2(-) levels, protecting endogenously produced NO at a sufficient level to maintain cerebral vascular tone and reactivity.	Superoxides	49-51	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	22-26
20033309-6	2010	SOD3 was found to neutralize superoxide anions produced in the brain during respiration of 100% O2 and to maintain basal NO levels and its vasodilatory potential in normobaric hyperoxia.	Superoxides	29-46	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
20033309-6	2010	SOD3 was found to neutralize superoxide anions produced in the brain during respiration of 100% O2 and to maintain basal NO levels and its vasodilatory potential in normobaric hyperoxia.	Superoxides	96-98	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
19915948-0	2010	Xanthine dehydrogenase AtXDH1 from Arabidopsis thaliana is a potent producer of superoxide anions via its NADH oxidase activity.	Superoxides	80-97	xanthine dehydrogenase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	23-29
19915948-3	2010	By an alternative activity, AtXDH1 is capable of oxidizing NADH with concomitant formation of NAD(+) and superoxide.	Superoxides	105-115	xanthine dehydrogenase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	28-34
19915948-4	2010	Here we demonstrate that in comparison to the specific activity with xanthine as substrate, the specific activity of recombinant AtXDH1 with NADH as substrate is about 15-times higher accompanied by a doubling in superoxide production.	Superoxides	213-223	xanthine dehydrogenase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	129-135
19915948-6	2010	Rather, each sub-activity is determined by specific conditions such as the availability of substrates and co-substrates, which allows regulation of superoxide production by AtXDH1.	Superoxides	148-158	xanthine dehydrogenase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	173-179
19915948-7	2010	Since AtXDH1 exhibits the most pronounced NADH oxidase activity among all xanthine dehydrogenase proteins studied thus far, our results imply that in particular by its NADH oxidase activity AtXDH1 is an efficient producer of superoxide also in vivo.	Superoxides	225-235	xanthine dehydrogenase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	6-12
19915948-7	2010	Since AtXDH1 exhibits the most pronounced NADH oxidase activity among all xanthine dehydrogenase proteins studied thus far, our results imply that in particular by its NADH oxidase activity AtXDH1 is an efficient producer of superoxide also in vivo.	Superoxides	225-235	xanthine dehydrogenase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	190-196
19891970-8	2010	Agonist inactivation occurs through a myeloperoxidase (MPO)/hydrogen peroxide catalyzed reaction, and the problem could be avoided by using a FACS based technique to measure the change in [Ca(2+)](i), by the use of an agonist insensitive to the MPO/hydrogen peroxide-system or, by adding an MPO inhibitor or a scavenger that removes either superoxide/hydrogen peroxide or the MPO-derived metabolites.	Superoxides	340-350	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	38-53
19891970-8	2010	Agonist inactivation occurs through a myeloperoxidase (MPO)/hydrogen peroxide catalyzed reaction, and the problem could be avoided by using a FACS based technique to measure the change in [Ca(2+)](i), by the use of an agonist insensitive to the MPO/hydrogen peroxide-system or, by adding an MPO inhibitor or a scavenger that removes either superoxide/hydrogen peroxide or the MPO-derived metabolites.	Superoxides	340-350	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	55-58
20018626-0	2010	Cytohesin-1 regulates the Arf6-phospholipase D signaling axis in human neutrophils: impact on superoxide anion production and secretion.	Superoxides	94-110	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	0-11
20018626-7	2010	Similarly, silencing cytohesin-1 or Arf6 in PLB-985 cells negatively affected fMLF-induced activation of PLD, superoxide production, and expression of granule markers on the cell surface.	Superoxides	110-120	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	21-32
19815008-7	2010	Gp120-induced Ca(2+) signaling in both neuron types was inhibited by GPx1 or Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1), implicating superoxide and peroxide in ligand (gp120)-induced signaling upstream of Ca(2+) release from intracellular stores.	Superoxides	83-93	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	105-109
19819231-7	2010	SOD2 knockdown increased intracellular superoxide levels and cell death was presumed triggered from knockdown.	Superoxides	39-49	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	0-4
21188246-2	2010	Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH(4)) is an essential cofactor of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) to produce NO, whereas dihydrobiopterin (BH(2)) can shift the eNOS product profile from NO to superoxide, which is further converted to hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and cause I/R injury.	Superoxides	181-191	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	81-85
21061463-8	2010	The results showed that CMP could inhibit mitochondrial injury and swelling induced by Fe2(+)-L-Cysteine in a concentration- dependent manner and it also had a significant superoxide anion scavenging effect.	Superoxides	172-188	matrilin 1, cartilage matrix protein	Mus musculus	24-27
19846752-0	2010	Angiotensin II enhances hyperpolarization-activated currents in rat aortic baroreceptor neurons: involvement of superoxide.	Superoxides	112-122	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
19846752-9	2010	In addition, NADPH oxidase inhibitor (100 muM apocynin) and superoxide scavenger (1 mM tempol) also significantly blunted the ANG II-induced increase of the I(h) and decrease of the membrane excitability in the AB neurons.	Superoxides	60-70	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	126-132
19846752-10	2010	Furthermore, losartan, apocynin, or tempol significantly attenuated the superoxide overproduction in the NG tissues induced by ANG II.	Superoxides	72-82	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	127-133
19846752-11	2010	These results suggest that ANG II-NADPH oxidase-superoxide signaling can activate the I(h) and subsequently decrease the membrane excitability of rat AB neurons.	Superoxides	48-58	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	27-33
19684035-3	2010	Arginase, an enzyme that competes with nitric oxide synthase (NOS) for l-arginine, not only reduces NO formation but also increases superoxide production by NOS.	Superoxides	132-142	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	39-60
20110684-8	2010	Taken together, these data indicate that LPC induces superoxide overload in HUVECs via SOD1 inhibition and downregulates phospho-ERK1/2 and eNOS levels.	Superoxides	53-63	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	87-91
20392440-2	2010	It has been described that Nef, a regulatory protein from HIV, can modulate superoxide production in other cells, therefore altered superoxide production in neutrophils from HIV infected patients, could be secondary to a direct effect of Nef on components of the NADPH oxidase complex.	Superoxides	76-86	S100 calcium binding protein B	Homo sapiens	27-30
20392440-2	2010	It has been described that Nef, a regulatory protein from HIV, can modulate superoxide production in other cells, therefore altered superoxide production in neutrophils from HIV infected patients, could be secondary to a direct effect of Nef on components of the NADPH oxidase complex.	Superoxides	76-86	S100 calcium binding protein B	Homo sapiens	238-241
20392440-2	2010	It has been described that Nef, a regulatory protein from HIV, can modulate superoxide production in other cells, therefore altered superoxide production in neutrophils from HIV infected patients, could be secondary to a direct effect of Nef on components of the NADPH oxidase complex.	Superoxides	132-142	S100 calcium binding protein B	Homo sapiens	27-30
20392440-2	2010	It has been described that Nef, a regulatory protein from HIV, can modulate superoxide production in other cells, therefore altered superoxide production in neutrophils from HIV infected patients, could be secondary to a direct effect of Nef on components of the NADPH oxidase complex.	Superoxides	132-142	S100 calcium binding protein B	Homo sapiens	238-241
20392440-3	2010	In this work, we describe that Nef, was capable of increasing superoxide production in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	62-72	S100 calcium binding protein B	Homo sapiens	31-34
21063103-0	2010	Opposite effect of Hsp90alpha and Hsp90beta on eNOS ability to produce nitric oxide or superoxide anion in human embryonic kidney cells.	Superoxides	87-103	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	47-51
21086785-11	2010	Also, plasma glutathione peroxidase activity negatively correlated with cellular superoxide anion, while plasma superoxide dismutase activity positively correlated with intracellular glutathione.	Superoxides	81-97	glutathione peroxidase 3	Homo sapiens	6-35
21525761-9	2010	In the model of acute alcohol binge, the protective effects of MnSOD, tempol, NOS inhibitors and uric acid suggested a role of the superoxide anion reacting with NO to form mtDNA-damaging peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	131-147	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	63-68
20057381-3	2010	The SODs convert superoxide radical into hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen, whereas the catalase and peroxidases convert hydrogen peroxide into water.	Superoxides	17-35	catalase	Homo sapiens	93-101
20873960-7	2010	All tested compounds significantly inhibited thrombin-induced arachidonic peroxidation, O2-i production and also platelet protein oxidation/nitration induced by peroxynitrite, which is a strong oxidant formed intravascularly in vivo.	Superoxides	88-90	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	45-53
20594416-4	2010	Extracellular-superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is an anti-inflammatory enzyme that protects cells from reactive oxygen species (ROS) by scavenging superoxide anion.	Superoxides	144-160	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	0-34
20594416-4	2010	Extracellular-superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is an anti-inflammatory enzyme that protects cells from reactive oxygen species (ROS) by scavenging superoxide anion.	Superoxides	144-160	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-42
20046060-1	2010	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) is a mitochondrial enzyme that converts toxic O(2)(-) to H(2)O(2).	Superoxides	86-93	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	0-30
20046060-1	2010	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) is a mitochondrial enzyme that converts toxic O(2)(-) to H(2)O(2).	Superoxides	86-93	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	32-38
19875441-0	2009	Oxidative half-reaction of arabidopsis thaliana sulfite oxidase: generation of superoxide by a peroxisomal enzyme.	Superoxides	79-89	sulfite oxidase	Arabidopsis thaliana	48-63
19875441-7	2009	The physiological implications of plant sulfite oxidase as a copious generator of superoxide are discussed.	Superoxides	82-92	sulfite oxidase	Arabidopsis thaliana	40-55
20026664-2	2010	Voltage-gated proton channels (voltage-sensing domain only protein [VSOP]/Hv1) are required for high-level superoxide production by phagocytes, but the mechanism of this effect is not established.	Superoxides	107-117	hydrogen voltage-gated channel 1	Mus musculus	31-66
20026664-2	2010	Voltage-gated proton channels (voltage-sensing domain only protein [VSOP]/Hv1) are required for high-level superoxide production by phagocytes, but the mechanism of this effect is not established.	Superoxides	107-117	hydrogen voltage-gated channel 1	Mus musculus	68-72
20026664-4	2010	VSOP/Hv1-/- neutrophils had a more acidic cytosol, were more depolarized, and produced less superoxide and hydrogen peroxide than neutrophils from wild-type mice.	Superoxides	92-102	hydrogen voltage-gated channel 1	Mus musculus	0-4
19919046-7	2009	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was encapsulated in the hydrogels for the purpose of capturing superoxide within the inflammatory tissue after being delivered in vivo.	Superoxides	90-100	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
19919046-7	2009	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was encapsulated in the hydrogels for the purpose of capturing superoxide within the inflammatory tissue after being delivered in vivo.	Superoxides	90-100	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
19919046-12	2009	It was found that SOD loading largely suppressed superoxide penetration into the hydrogel and cell membrane.	Superoxides	49-59	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	18-21
19715684-5	2009	Downregulation of Cu-Zn SOD in consequence of the degradation of this enzyme, causes decreased dismutation of O(2)(-), that further contributes to the enhanced level of O(2)(-) in the periportal region.	Superoxides	110-114	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	18-27
19715684-5	2009	Downregulation of Cu-Zn SOD in consequence of the degradation of this enzyme, causes decreased dismutation of O(2)(-), that further contributes to the enhanced level of O(2)(-) in the periportal region.	Superoxides	169-173	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	18-27
19997580-2	2009	The purpose of these studies was to determine whether human corneal stromal (HCS) fibroblasts are capable of producing O(2) (.-) via nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases, a family of protein complexes believed to be responsible for the localized and limited production of O(2) (.-) with regulatory activity.	Superoxides	119-123	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	77-80
19997580-2	2009	The purpose of these studies was to determine whether human corneal stromal (HCS) fibroblasts are capable of producing O(2) (.-) via nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases, a family of protein complexes believed to be responsible for the localized and limited production of O(2) (.-) with regulatory activity.	Superoxides	296-300	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	77-80
19997580-6	2009	The production of O(2) (.-) by whole cells and cell-free preparations was assessed by measurement of NADPH-dependent superoxide dismutase-inhibitable cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	18-22	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	150-162
19997580-13	2009	CONCLUSIONS: HCS fibroblasts produced O(2) (.-) in a NADPH-dependent manner via at least three isoforms of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	38-42	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	13-16
20553079-1	2009	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an antioxidant enzyme that acts to degrade superoxide, a major causitive factor for oxidative stress associated with cancer, cardiovascular disease, and various other ailments.	Superoxides	73-83	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
20553079-1	2009	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an antioxidant enzyme that acts to degrade superoxide, a major causitive factor for oxidative stress associated with cancer, cardiovascular disease, and various other ailments.	Superoxides	73-83	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
19809869-6	2009	Aortic superoxide production capacity was measured in response to provocation by angiotensin II and NAD(P)H.	Superoxides	7-17	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	81-95
19877015-0	2009	BCR-induced superoxide negatively regulates B-cell proliferation and T-cell-independent type 2 Ab responses.	Superoxides	12-22	BCR activator of RhoGEF and GTPase	Mus musculus	0-3
19877015-2	2009	B lymphocytes produce superoxide after BCR ligation.	Superoxides	22-32	BCR activator of RhoGEF and GTPase	Mus musculus	39-42
19628743-8	2009	Administration of plasmids encoding SOD2 or CAT significantly reduced levels of superoxide ion, hydrogen peroxide, and 4-HNE.	Superoxides	80-90	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	36-40
19628743-8	2009	Administration of plasmids encoding SOD2 or CAT significantly reduced levels of superoxide ion, hydrogen peroxide, and 4-HNE.	Superoxides	80-90	catalase	Mus musculus	44-47
19770838-5	2009	HAART 3-plex significantly reduced the intracellular cholesterol transport molecule caveolin-1, whereas it increased superoxide anion production in THP-1 foam cells as compared with controls.	Superoxides	117-133	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	148-153
19330844-3	2009	Salmeterol selectively increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by NADPH oxidase (PHOX), the major superoxide-producing enzyme in microglia.	Superoxides	116-126	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Rattus norvegicus	99-103
19635794-1	2009	At least 119 mutations in the gene encoding copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis by an unidentified toxic gain of function.	Superoxides	56-66	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	78-82
19330844-6	2009	Furthermore, we found ERK inhibition, but not protein kinase A (PKA) inhibition, significantly abolished salmeterol-induced superoxide production, p47(phox) translocation, and its ability to mediate neurotoxicity.	Superoxides	124-134	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	22-25
19759334-0	2009	Inhibition of biliverdin reductase increases ANG II-dependent superoxide levels in cultured renal tubular epithelial cells.	Superoxides	62-72	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	45-51
19759334-1	2009	Induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the renal medulla increases carbon monoxide and bilirubin production and decreases ANG II-mediated superoxide production.	Superoxides	139-149	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	13-29
19759334-1	2009	Induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the renal medulla increases carbon monoxide and bilirubin production and decreases ANG II-mediated superoxide production.	Superoxides	139-149	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	31-35
19759334-1	2009	Induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the renal medulla increases carbon monoxide and bilirubin production and decreases ANG II-mediated superoxide production.	Superoxides	139-149	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	123-129
19759334-6	2009	Superoxide production induced by ANG II (10(-9) M) significantly increased in both TALH and IMCD-3 cells.	Superoxides	0-10	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	33-39
19759334-9	2009	We conclude that decreased levels of cellular bilirubin increase ANG II-mediated superoxide production and sodium transport; however, increases in bilirubin are not necessary for HO-1 induction to attenuate ANG II-mediated superoxide production.	Superoxides	81-91	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	65-71
19733148-2	2009	CBS was inactivated by peroxynitrite, the product of nitric oxide and superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	70-80	cystathionine beta-synthase	Homo sapiens	0-3
19409565-8	2009	These observations, together with the functions of catalase and Cu/Zn-SOD to scavenge hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anions, implicate a causal role of ROS in the pathogenesis of BaP-induced atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	108-125	catalase	Mus musculus	51-59
19409565-8	2009	These observations, together with the functions of catalase and Cu/Zn-SOD to scavenge hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anions, implicate a causal role of ROS in the pathogenesis of BaP-induced atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	108-125	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	64-73
19802000-1	2009	In this study, two commercially available superoxide scavengers, tetrakis (1-methyl-4-pyridyl) porphyrin (Mn[III]TMPyP) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as red palm oil (RPO), a natural vegetable oil, had been used to investigate their possible in vitro effects against the toxic effects of superoxide (O(2).)	Superoxides	42-52	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	146-149
19802000-1	2009	In this study, two commercially available superoxide scavengers, tetrakis (1-methyl-4-pyridyl) porphyrin (Mn[III]TMPyP) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as red palm oil (RPO), a natural vegetable oil, had been used to investigate their possible in vitro effects against the toxic effects of superoxide (O(2).)	Superoxides	124-134	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	146-149
19802000-1	2009	In this study, two commercially available superoxide scavengers, tetrakis (1-methyl-4-pyridyl) porphyrin (Mn[III]TMPyP) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as red palm oil (RPO), a natural vegetable oil, had been used to investigate their possible in vitro effects against the toxic effects of superoxide (O(2).)	Superoxides	310-314	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	146-149
19301149-7	2009	Inhibition of the Na+-H+ exchanger isoform 1 (NHE1) also inhibited leptin-induced superoxide anion production but at the same time amplified leptin-induced production of other oxidative species.	Superoxides	82-98	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Homo sapiens	18-44
19301149-7	2009	Inhibition of the Na+-H+ exchanger isoform 1 (NHE1) also inhibited leptin-induced superoxide anion production but at the same time amplified leptin-induced production of other oxidative species.	Superoxides	82-98	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Homo sapiens	46-50
19671069-12	2009	Chlorhexidine (0, 0.5, 1, 5 and 10 micromol/L) dose-dependently prevented HOCl-induced inactivation of alpha1-AT and reduced HOCl recovery from phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-treated human neutrophils, but did not inhibit superoxide anion and MPO release.	Superoxides	223-239	serpin family A member 1	Homo sapiens	103-112
19672955-2	2009	Twenty percent of familial ALS cases are associated with mutations in Cu(2+)/Zn(2+) superoxide dismutase (SOD1).	Superoxides	84-94	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	106-110
19576886-0	2009	Involvement of NADPH oxidase and protein kinase C in endothelin-1-induced superoxide production in retinal microvessels.	Superoxides	74-84	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	53-65
19576886-2	2009	We examined whether endothelin-1 (ET-1) increases the formation of superoxide anions in retinal microvessels.	Superoxides	67-84	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	20-32
19576886-2	2009	We examined whether endothelin-1 (ET-1) increases the formation of superoxide anions in retinal microvessels.	Superoxides	67-84	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	34-38
19576886-8	2009	The intracellular superoxide levels were significantly increased after addition of ET-1 (100 nM), and this elevation was suppressed by apocynin or myr-PKC.	Superoxides	18-28	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	83-87
19576886-10	2009	The ET-1-induced increase of superoxide was significantly suppressed by BQ-123 (1.0 microM), while effects of adding BQ-788 (1.0 microM) were insignificant.	Superoxides	29-39	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	4-8
19576886-13	2009	These results suggest that ET-1 increases the formation of superoxides in the retinal microvascular pericytes most likely by activating NADPH oxidase through ET(A) receptors.	Superoxides	59-70	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	27-31
19576886-15	2009	Thus, ET-1 may augment its vasoconstrictive effects through the formation of superoxide, which may impair the bioavailability of nitric oxide in the retinal microvasculature.	Superoxides	77-87	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	6-10
19788422-6	2009	We show that the engineered SOD-Hb fusion protein retains the oxygen-binding capacity and, moreover, decreases cytotoxic ferrylHb (HbFe(4+)) formation when challenged with superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	172-182	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	28-31
19731237-2	2009	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) converts superoxide anion into hydrogen peroxide, which, unless detoxified by glutathione peroxidase or catalase (CAT), can form the hydroxyl radical with iron.	Superoxides	48-64	catalase	Homo sapiens	153-156
19805637-4	2009	Recently we established that NADPH oxidase (Nox)-derived superoxide acting in the forebrain subfornical organ is critical in the physiological responses to central Ang-II.	Superoxides	57-67	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	164-170
19562688-5	2009	In vitro, PPAR-gamma agonist 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostagladlin J(2) (15d-PGJ2) decreased cell-scraping-induced superoxide generation through suppression of NADPH oxidase activity via down-regulation of p22(phox) and gp91(phox).	Superoxides	113-123	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	10-20
19562688-7	2009	These data demonstrate that upregulation of PPAR-gamma and NADPH oxidases are involved in restenosis and activation of PPAR-gamma can inhibit the NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide generation in SMCs after injury.	Superoxides	170-180	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	44-54
19562688-7	2009	These data demonstrate that upregulation of PPAR-gamma and NADPH oxidases are involved in restenosis and activation of PPAR-gamma can inhibit the NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide generation in SMCs after injury.	Superoxides	170-180	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	119-129
20099714-5	2009	Cells were treated with Ang II, 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1), which liberates NO and superoxide anion generating peroxynitrite, or the lipopetide Toll-like receptor-2 (TLR-2) agonist Pam3CSK4.	Superoxides	88-104	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	57-62
19878539-3	2009	EPCs tolerate oxidative stress by upregulating superoxide dismutase (SOD), the enzyme that neutralizes superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	103-119	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	47-67
19878539-3	2009	EPCs tolerate oxidative stress by upregulating superoxide dismutase (SOD), the enzyme that neutralizes superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	103-119	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	69-72
19878539-3	2009	EPCs tolerate oxidative stress by upregulating superoxide dismutase (SOD), the enzyme that neutralizes superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	121-123	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	47-67
19878539-3	2009	EPCs tolerate oxidative stress by upregulating superoxide dismutase (SOD), the enzyme that neutralizes superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	121-123	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	69-72
19268941-8	2009	CRP treatment also resulted in increased dihydroethidium staining for superoxide in aortic endothelium and membrane translocation of p47phox, a regulatory subunit of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	70-80	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	0-3
19666846-8	2009	HO-1-induced BPA rings treated with the copper chelator 10 mM diethyldithiocarbamate to inactivate ecSOD and Cu,Zn-SOD showed increased superoxide and decreased peroxide to levels equal to non-HO-1-induced rings, whereas the addition of SOD to freshly isolated BPA rings attenuated HPV similar to HO-1 induction with CoCl(2).	Superoxides	136-146	superoxide dismutase 3	Bos taurus	99-104
19685188-3	2009	SOD1 over-expression partially protected against cytotoxicity (P &lt; 0.001) and decreased superoxide (O(2) (*-)) in ATP depleted cells.	Superoxides	91-101	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
19685188-3	2009	SOD1 over-expression partially protected against cytotoxicity (P &lt; 0.001) and decreased superoxide (O(2) (*-)) in ATP depleted cells.	Superoxides	103-107	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
19846917-9	2009	In addition, the JNK and p38 inhibitors significantly increased the ROS levels including O(2)(-) in the ATO-treated Calu-6 cells.	Superoxides	89-93	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	17-20
19846917-9	2009	In addition, the JNK and p38 inhibitors significantly increased the ROS levels including O(2)(-) in the ATO-treated Calu-6 cells.	Superoxides	89-93	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	25-28
19356759-7	2009	Tempol (a SOD mimetic) enhanced ACh-induced relaxation (P&lt;0.05) and reduced ACh-induced superoxide generation (P&lt;0.01) only in male-old aortas.	Superoxides	91-101	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	10-13
19738419-1	2009	Manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) is a nuclear encoded and mitochondria localized antioxidant enzyme that converts mitochondria derived superoxide to hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	32-36
20046122-5	2009	A portion of the superoxide generated at complex III is also released into the mitochondrial intermembrane space, which contains a recently identified copper, zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu,ZnSOD).	Superoxides	17-27	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	186-194
19740380-9	2009	Superoxide release from neutrophils was measured by the reduction of ferricytochrome C, degranulation by the conversion of a synthetic colour substrate, cytokine release by interleukin-8 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and adhesion by a flow-based adhesion assay.	Superoxides	0-10	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	173-186
19458341-12	2009	The authors suggest that elevated O(2)(-) levels due to genetic abnormalities of SOD2 or immunologic activation of mononuclear phagocytes lead to greater levels of RPE apoptosis.	Superoxides	34-38	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	81-85
19684141-2	2009	In numerous bacterial pathogens, CuZn-containing superoxide dismutases (SodC) are important virulence factors, localizing to the periplasm to offer protection from host-derived superoxide radicals (O(2)(-)).	Superoxides	177-196	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	72-76
19684141-2	2009	In numerous bacterial pathogens, CuZn-containing superoxide dismutases (SodC) are important virulence factors, localizing to the periplasm to offer protection from host-derived superoxide radicals (O(2)(-)).	Superoxides	198-202	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	72-76
19684141-6	2009	Transcomplementing the sodC gene in the DeltasodC mutant or inhibiting the IFN-gamma-dependent production of O(2)(-) or nitric oxide (NO) enhanced intramacrophage survival of the sod mutants.	Superoxides	109-116	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	23-27
19684141-6	2009	Transcomplementing the sodC gene in the DeltasodC mutant or inhibiting the IFN-gamma-dependent production of O(2)(-) or nitric oxide (NO) enhanced intramacrophage survival of the sod mutants.	Superoxides	109-116	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	75-84
20083859-3	2009	NADPH oxidases (Nox) are the predominant producers of superoxide in the vasculature, whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) are the major enzymes responsible for the inactivation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, respectively.	Superoxides	93-103	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	115-118
19540523-12	2009	Furthermore, HIV Nef significantly increased superoxide anion production in porcine pulmonary arteries and HPAECs compared with controls (P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	45-61	S100 calcium binding protein B	Homo sapiens	17-20
19559788-0	2009	Superoxide radical protects liposome-contained cytochrome c against oxidative damage promoted by peroxynitrite and free radicals.	Superoxides	0-18	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	47-59
19542021-0	2009	Activation of NF-kappaB by palmitate in endothelial cells: a key role for NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide in response to TLR4 activation.	Superoxides	96-106	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	122-126
19542021-1	2009	OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether NADPH oxidase-dependent production of superoxide contributes to activation of NF-kappaB in endothelial cells by the saturated free fatty acid palmitate.	Superoxides	73-83	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	113-122
19542021-4	2009	Reduction in superoxide levels by each of 3 different interventions-pretreatment with superoxide dismutase (SOD), diphenylene iodinium (DPI), or knockdown of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) by siRNA-attenuated palmitate-mediated NF-kappaB signaling.	Superoxides	13-23	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	220-229
19542021-7	2009	CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production links palmitate-stimulated TLR4 activation to NF-kappaB signaling in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	64-74	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	113-117
19542021-7	2009	CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production links palmitate-stimulated TLR4 activation to NF-kappaB signaling in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	64-74	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	132-141
19492401-3	2009	If superoxide is important in mediating embryotoxicity, increased SOD expression should protect embryos against insult.	Superoxides	3-13	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	66-69
19492401-12	2009	CONCLUSION: Maternal hSOD1 expression protected fetuses against malformations induced by hydroxyurea, providing evidence that superoxide plays a role in mediating the response of organogenesis stage embryos to this teratogen.	Superoxides	126-136	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	21-26
19443423-4	2009	Superoxide anion production was significantly increased due to the inhibition of mitochondrial membrane potential and catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities as well as activation of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	0-16	catalase	Homo sapiens	118-126
19482077-1	2009	Copper/zinc-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) plays a protective role in cells by catalyzing the conversion of the superoxide anion into molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	109-125	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	34-38
19620507-5	2009	In contrast, relaxation to acetylcholine in arteries from IL-10(-/-) mice was reduced by &gt;50% by Ang II (P&lt;0.05) and this effect was prevented by a scavenger of superoxide.	Superoxides	167-177	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	58-63
19620507-5	2009	In contrast, relaxation to acetylcholine in arteries from IL-10(-/-) mice was reduced by &gt;50% by Ang II (P&lt;0.05) and this effect was prevented by a scavenger of superoxide.	Superoxides	167-177	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	100-106
19620507-6	2009	Vascular superoxide increased approximately 2-fold (P&lt;0.05) after treatment with Ang II in IL-10(-/-) mice but not in wild-type.	Superoxides	9-19	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	84-90
19620507-6	2009	Vascular superoxide increased approximately 2-fold (P&lt;0.05) after treatment with Ang II in IL-10(-/-) mice but not in wild-type.	Superoxides	9-19	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	94-99
19620507-7	2009	After systemic administration of Ang II (1.4 mg/kg per day for 10 days), Ang II produced modest impairment of endothelial function in wild-type mice but marked impairment in IL-10(-/-) mice (P&lt;0.05) that was reversed by a superoxide scavenger.	Superoxides	225-235	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	73-79
19406829-2	2009	Herein, we report that eosinophilia in MES rats is caused by a loss-of-function mutation in the gene for cytochrome b(-245), alpha polypeptide (Cyba; also known as p22(phox)), which is an essential component of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex.	Superoxides	215-225	Fc epsilon receptor Ia	Rattus norvegicus	125-142
19406829-2	2009	Herein, we report that eosinophilia in MES rats is caused by a loss-of-function mutation in the gene for cytochrome b(-245), alpha polypeptide (Cyba; also known as p22(phox)), which is an essential component of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex.	Superoxides	215-225	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Rattus norvegicus	144-148
19182107-10	2009	Aortic expression of NADPH oxidase subunits (p47(phox) and rac1) and iNOS were markedly increased, paralleled by increases in superoxide generation and extensive protein nitration in the aorta.	Superoxides	126-136	NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47)	Mus musculus	45-48
19523965-5	2009	Repetitive adult exposure to the NMDA-R antagonist ketamine increases the levels of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 in brain which, through activation of the superoxide-producing enzyme NADPH oxidase (Nox2), leads to the loss of the GABAergic phenotype of PV-interneurons and to decreased inhibitory activity in prefrontal cortex.	Superoxides	169-179	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	113-126
19687253-0	2009	Oncogene homologue Sch9 promotes age-dependent mutations by a superoxide and Rev1/Polzeta-dependent mechanism.	Superoxides	62-72	serine/threonine protein kinase SCH9	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	19-23
19560534-4	2009	Lowered levels of ROS were detected in culture medium coamended with the extract and with either catalase or superoxide dismutase, indicating the generation of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion, respectively.	Superoxides	182-198	catalase	Homo sapiens	97-105
19559686-2	2009	Mice genetically targeted for the superoxide-forming vascular NADPH oxidase subunit, NOX1, have a blunted hypertensive response to Ang II.	Superoxides	34-44	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	131-137
19559686-3	2009	We therefore hypothesised that NOX1 is mechanistically involved in Ang II-induced superoxide production by cerebral arteries, and potentially in stroke outcome.	Superoxides	82-92	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	67-73
19559686-13	2009	Thus, NOX1 is essential for superoxide production in large cerebral arteries in response to Ang II but not under basal conditions.	Superoxides	28-38	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	92-98
19687253-5	2009	These results suggest that the proto-oncogene homologue Sch9 promotes the accumulation of superoxide-dependent DNA damage in nondividing cells, which induces error-prone DNA repair that generates point mutations to avoid GCRs and cell death during the first round of replication.	Superoxides	90-100	serine/threonine protein kinase SCH9	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	56-60
19625648-1	2009	Rac1 and Rac2, members of the small Rho GTPase family, play essential roles in coordinating directional migration and superoxide production during neutrophil responses to chemoattractants.	Superoxides	118-128	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	9-13
19497305-9	2009	In summary, the data show that down-regulation of Rac1-GTPase contributes to the inhibition of angiotensin II-mediated superoxide release by 17beta-estradiol in monocytes.	Superoxides	119-129	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	95-109
19502554-12	2009	This indicates that the early changes in superoxide lead to VEGF increases and thereby NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production, which is required for HIF-1alpha upregulation.	Superoxides	41-51	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	60-64
19501049-4	2009	miR398 regulates copper homeostasis via down-regulating the expression of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (CSD), a scavenger of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	80-90	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	102-105
19666610-0	2009	Overexpression of SOD-2 reduces hippocampal superoxide and prevents memory deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer"s disease.	Superoxides	44-54	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	18-23
19502554-12	2009	This indicates that the early changes in superoxide lead to VEGF increases and thereby NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production, which is required for HIF-1alpha upregulation.	Superoxides	41-51	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	156-166
19502554-12	2009	This indicates that the early changes in superoxide lead to VEGF increases and thereby NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production, which is required for HIF-1alpha upregulation.	Superoxides	111-121	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	60-64
19502554-12	2009	This indicates that the early changes in superoxide lead to VEGF increases and thereby NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production, which is required for HIF-1alpha upregulation.	Superoxides	111-121	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	156-166
19445920-0	2009	Inhibition of superoxide anion generation by CHS-111 via blockade of the p21-activated kinase, protein kinase B/Akt and protein kinase C signaling pathways in rat neutrophils.	Superoxides	14-30	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	112-115
19674192-4	2009	We report the first evidence that TGF-beta(1) induces Nrf2 mediated HO-1 expression and antioxidant response element activity, which was paralleled by enhanced superoxide production and expression of the NAD(P)H oxidase subunit p22(phox).	Superoxides	160-170	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	54-58
19410579-11	2009	Collectively, our results suggest that CRP stimulates superoxide production and the subsequent formation of peroxynitrite from basal released NO compromises PGI(2) synthesis, and thus endothelium-dependent PGI(2)-mediated dilation, by inhibiting PGI(2)-S activity through tyrosine nitration.	Superoxides	54-64	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	39-42
19649279-6	2009	Similarly, contractile and calcium responses to 5-HT were decreased by superoxide dismutase and catalase which, catabolise superoxide anion and H(2)O(2), respectively.	Superoxides	123-139	catalase	Homo sapiens	96-104
19587989-0	2009	Reaction of hydrogen peroxide with coordinated superoxide in [(NH3)5CoIII(micro-O2)CoIII(NH3)5]5+: a mechanistic study.	Superoxides	47-57	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase III	Homo sapiens	68-73
19587989-1	2009	In aqueous acetate buffer media, hydrogen peroxide reduces the bridging superoxide in [(NH3)5CoIII(micro-O2)CoIII(NH3)5]5+ (1) to the corresponding peroxide in the complex, [(NH3)5CoIII(micro-O2H)CoIII(NH2)(NH3)4]4+ (2), itself being oxidized to HO2*.	Superoxides	72-82	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase III	Homo sapiens	93-98
19587989-1	2009	In aqueous acetate buffer media, hydrogen peroxide reduces the bridging superoxide in [(NH3)5CoIII(micro-O2)CoIII(NH3)5]5+ (1) to the corresponding peroxide in the complex, [(NH3)5CoIII(micro-O2H)CoIII(NH2)(NH3)4]4+ (2), itself being oxidized to HO2*.	Superoxides	72-82	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase III	Homo sapiens	108-113
19674192-6	2009	Inhibition of NAD(P)H oxidase or scavenging of superoxide diminished HO-1 induction in response to TGF-beta(1).	Superoxides	47-57	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	69-73
19324844-1	2009	PURPOSE: Oxidative stress is thought to contribute to diabetes-induced cataract, and the authors have previously demonstrated that lenses from mice lacking the antioxidant enzyme copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) show elevated levels of superoxide radicals and are more prone in vitro to develop glucose-induced cataract than are wild-type lenses.	Superoxides	191-201	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	213-217
19627269-1	2009	Mice lacking superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD2 or MnSOD) die during embryonic or early neonatal development, with diffuse superoxide-induced mitochondrial damage.	Superoxides	13-23	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	37-41
19627269-1	2009	Mice lacking superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD2 or MnSOD) die during embryonic or early neonatal development, with diffuse superoxide-induced mitochondrial damage.	Superoxides	13-23	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	45-50
19627269-7	2009	These data suggest that specific sites in the PI3K-Akt pathway are more sensitive to increased superoxide levels than to the increased hydrogen peroxide levels generated in Sod2-transgenic myoblasts.	Superoxides	95-105	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	51-54
19363130-9	2009	MG-132 or the neutralization of TNF-alpha reduced superoxide production in Lepr(db) mice.	Superoxides	50-60	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	32-41
19465644-3	2009	Lesional iNOS can potentially produce nitric oxide radicals (NO), superoxide radicals (O2(-)), or both; these radicals may then react to form peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	66-85	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	9-13
19465644-3	2009	Lesional iNOS can potentially produce nitric oxide radicals (NO), superoxide radicals (O2(-)), or both; these radicals may then react to form peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	87-89	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	9-13
19465644-8	2009	We show that iNOS significantly contributes to vascular NO production and itself produces O2(-), leading to peroxynitrite formation in atherosclerotic lesions.	Superoxides	90-93	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	13-17
19113817-3	2009	Cellular stimulation by TNF-alpha induced NADPH-dependent superoxide production in the endosomal compartment, and this ROS was required for IKK-mediated activation of NF-kappaB.	Superoxides	58-68	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	24-33
19113817-3	2009	Cellular stimulation by TNF-alpha induced NADPH-dependent superoxide production in the endosomal compartment, and this ROS was required for IKK-mediated activation of NF-kappaB.	Superoxides	58-68	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	167-176
19113817-4	2009	Inhibiting endocytosis reduced the ability of TNF-alpha to induce both NADPH-dependent endosomal superoxide and NF-kappaB, supporting the notion that redox-dependent signaling of the receptor occurs in the endosome.	Superoxides	97-107	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	46-55
19113817-6	2009	Studies using both Nox2 siRNA and Nox2-knockout primary fibroblasts indicated that Nox2 was critical for TNF-alpha-mediated induction of endosomal superoxide.	Superoxides	147-157	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	105-114
18982356-0	2009	Disposable superoxide anion biosensor based on superoxide dismutase entrapped in silica sol-gel matrix at gold nanoparticles modified ITO electrode.	Superoxides	11-27	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	47-67
18982356-1	2009	A novel disposable biosensor based on direct electron transfer of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was fabricated for the determination of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	133-149	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	66-86
18982356-1	2009	A novel disposable biosensor based on direct electron transfer of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was fabricated for the determination of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	133-149	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	88-91
18982356-4	2009	The immobilized SOD exhibited high catalytical activity towards superoxide anion.	Superoxides	64-80	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	16-19
19245441-5	2009	The formation of superoxide and expression of p47(phox) and PDE5 was reduced by ACS6, sildenafil citrate and NaHS (order of potency: ACS6 &gt; sildenafil citrate &gt; NaHS).	Superoxides	17-27	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Rattus norvegicus	50-54
19196803-7	2009	Ang II stimulation also prominently increased superoxide production, lipid peroxidation, and gene expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase components in ARKO mice compared with WT mice.	Superoxides	46-56	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	0-6
19144554-6	2009	GH has several biological actions in the immune system: enhancing thymopoiesis and T cell development, modulating cytokine production, enhancing B cell development and antibody production, priming neutrophils and monocytes for superoxide anion secretion, enhancing neutrophil adhesion and monocyte migration and anti-apoptotic action.	Superoxides	227-243	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	0-2
19234337-12	2009	Studies using human ECs demonstrated that TNF-alpha-induced CCL2 production was also inhibited by the NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor DPI, the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine, or the superoxide scavenger Tiron, further indicating that inhibition occurs through the NAD(P)H/ROS pathway.	Superoxides	177-187	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	42-51
19470681-2	2009	In the present study, we investigated the enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD), a major defender against superoxide, in the kidneys during the development of murine DN.	Superoxides	49-59	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	71-74
19411313-8	2009	Since we found that p47(phox) is expressed in a subset of alveolar epithelial cells, its deletion may protect postnatal type II alveolar epithelial proliferation from hyperoxia through effects on epithelial as well as phagocyte-generated superoxide.	Superoxides	238-248	NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47)	Mus musculus	20-23
19593099-4	2009	SP acts primarily through neurokinin-1 receptors of inflammatory and endothelial cells, and may induce production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (superoxide anion, NO*, peroxynitrite, hydroxyl radical), leading to enhanced consumption of tissue antioxidants; stimulate release of inflammatory mediators; promote tissue adhesion molecule expression; and enhance inflammatory cell tissue infiltration and cardiovascular lesion formation.	Superoxides	155-171	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	0-2
19361482-4	2009	Recent evidence suggests that the stretch-induced release of angiotensin II (Ang II) and endothelin 1 (ET-1) stimulates myocardial superoxide production from NADPH oxidases which, in turn, contributes to the Anrep effect.	Superoxides	131-141	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	61-75
19361482-4	2009	Recent evidence suggests that the stretch-induced release of angiotensin II (Ang II) and endothelin 1 (ET-1) stimulates myocardial superoxide production from NADPH oxidases which, in turn, contributes to the Anrep effect.	Superoxides	131-141	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	77-83
19361482-4	2009	Recent evidence suggests that the stretch-induced release of angiotensin II (Ang II) and endothelin 1 (ET-1) stimulates myocardial superoxide production from NADPH oxidases which, in turn, contributes to the Anrep effect.	Superoxides	131-141	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	89-101
19361482-4	2009	Recent evidence suggests that the stretch-induced release of angiotensin II (Ang II) and endothelin 1 (ET-1) stimulates myocardial superoxide production from NADPH oxidases which, in turn, contributes to the Anrep effect.	Superoxides	131-141	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	103-107
19361482-5	2009	nNOS has also been shown to regulate the production of myocardial superoxide, suggesting that this isoform may influence the cardiac response to stretch or ET-1 by altering the NO-redox balance in the myocardium.	Superoxides	66-76	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	156-160
19508391-4	2009	KEY RESULTS: LPS + IFNgamma caused an increase in monolayer permeability, induction of iNOS and NADPH oxidase type 1 (Nox1) proteins, formation of superoxide, nitric oxide and 3-nitrotyrosine, and increase in PP2A activity in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	147-157	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	19-27
19283527-0	2009	Curcumin sensitizes lung cancer cells to cisplatin-induced apoptosis through superoxide anion-mediated Bcl-2 degradation.	Superoxides	77-93	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	103-108
19407826-6	2009	Starvation-induced autophagy was also inhibited by the addition of catalase, which reduced both O(2)(*-) and H(2)O(2) levels.	Superoxides	96-100	catalase	Homo sapiens	67-75
19828096-4	2009	Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) represents one of the three isoforms that produce nitric oxide using L-arginine as a substrate in response to an increase in superoxide anion activated by NF-kappaB.	Superoxides	164-180	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	0-31
19828096-4	2009	Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) represents one of the three isoforms that produce nitric oxide using L-arginine as a substrate in response to an increase in superoxide anion activated by NF-kappaB.	Superoxides	164-180	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	33-37
19357530-10	2009	NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production was augmented (P &lt; 0.05) in insulin-resistant patients with respect to insulin-sensitive patients.	Superoxides	24-34	insulin	Homo sapiens	77-84
19357530-10	2009	NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production was augmented (P &lt; 0.05) in insulin-resistant patients with respect to insulin-sensitive patients.	Superoxides	24-34	insulin	Homo sapiens	120-127
19357530-11	2009	The interaction between insulin resistance and abnormally high NADPH oxidase-mediated superoxide production was associated with the highest matrix metalloproteinase-9 values.	Superoxides	86-96	insulin	Homo sapiens	24-31
19357530-12	2009	Increased NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production was significantly associated with higher NADPH oxidase p22phox expression in insulin-resistant than in insulin-sensitive patients.	Superoxides	34-44	insulin	Homo sapiens	133-140
19357530-12	2009	Increased NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production was significantly associated with higher NADPH oxidase p22phox expression in insulin-resistant than in insulin-sensitive patients.	Superoxides	34-44	insulin	Homo sapiens	159-166
19457567-11	2009	PI3K-dependent phosphorylation of Akt depended on NADPH oxidase activity and superoxide production.	Superoxides	77-87	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	34-37
19295184-0	2009	Suppression of superoxide anion and elastase release by C18 unsaturated fatty acids in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	15-31	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	56-59
19488447-4	2009	Mixed-ligand bipyridyl Cu(II) complexes demonstrated the highest superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity in a chemical superoxide anion-generating system, with IC(50) values in the low micromolar range.	Superoxides	120-136	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	65-85
19488447-4	2009	Mixed-ligand bipyridyl Cu(II) complexes demonstrated the highest superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity in a chemical superoxide anion-generating system, with IC(50) values in the low micromolar range.	Superoxides	120-136	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	87-90
19324844-8	2009	CONCLUSIONS: The increased cataract formation and the compromised antioxidant capacity found in the diabetic SOD1-null lenses thus emphasize the involvement of superoxide radicals in diabetes-induced cataract.	Superoxides	160-170	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	109-113
19886398-2	2009	Superoxide anion radical, one example of ROS, forms as a result of normal cellular respiration and is usually cleared successfully by superoxide dismutase (SOD) and other radical scavengers.	Superoxides	0-24	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	134-154
19886398-2	2009	Superoxide anion radical, one example of ROS, forms as a result of normal cellular respiration and is usually cleared successfully by superoxide dismutase (SOD) and other radical scavengers.	Superoxides	0-24	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	156-159
19509624-8	2009	RESULTS: PMN priming after exposure to either shock or postshock resuscitation lymph was noted by increased expression of CD11b, superoxide generation, and elastase release after exposure to fMLP.	Superoxides	129-139	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	191-195
19886398-3	2009	However, when superoxide exceeds the clearance capacity of SOD and other ROS scavengers, superoxide initiates a number of pathologic processes.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	59-62
19886398-3	2009	However, when superoxide exceeds the clearance capacity of SOD and other ROS scavengers, superoxide initiates a number of pathologic processes.	Superoxides	89-99	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	59-62
19492112-1	2009	The Arabidopsis radical-induced cell death1 (rcd1) mutant is sensitive to ozone fumigation and apoplastic superoxide, but tolerant to methyl viologen.	Superoxides	106-116	WWE protein-protein interaction domain protein family	Arabidopsis thaliana	45-49
19332555-0	2009	Execution of superoxide-induced cell death by the proapoptotic Bcl-2-related proteins Bid and Bak.	Superoxides	13-23	BH3 interacting domain death agonist	Homo sapiens	86-89
19332555-6	2009	Together, these studies identify an O(2)(*-)-driven, caspase-initiated apoptotic pathway that selectively involves the Bcl-2 family proteins Bid and Bak.	Superoxides	36-42	BH3 interacting domain death agonist	Homo sapiens	141-144
19332555-7	2009	This pathway manifests itself during chronic ethanol consumption in aged animals and identifies caspase-2, Bid, and Bak as essential mediators of O(2)(*-)-induced apoptosis that may prove effective targets for the development of therapeutics to treat alcoholic liver disease.	Superoxides	146-154	BH3 interacting domain death agonist	Homo sapiens	107-110
19288401-6	2009	Six tricyclic diterpenoids used in this experiment suppressed the superoxide generation induced by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) and arachidonic acid (AA) in a concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	66-76	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	140-144
19288401-8	2009	The compounds also suppressed fMLP- and AA-induced tyrosyl or PMA-induced serine/threonine phosphorylation, and translocation of cytosolic compounds, p47 (phox), p67 (phox) and Rac to the cell membrane in parallel with the suppression of the stimulus-induced superoxide generation.	Superoxides	259-269	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	30-34
19558814-13	2009	CONCLUSIONS: Ang II may induce the generation of O2*-, inactivate NO and increase gene and protein expression of eNOS in EPCs.	Superoxides	49-51	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	13-19
19474327-2	2009	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD; SOD2), a primary mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme, scavenges superoxide radicals and its overexpression provides neuroprotection.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	32-38
19474327-2	2009	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD; SOD2), a primary mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme, scavenges superoxide radicals and its overexpression provides neuroprotection.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	40-44
19474327-9	2009	Moreover, we found that STAT3 deactivated by reperfusion induces accumulation of O(2)(*-) in mitochondria.	Superoxides	81-85	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Mus musculus	24-29
19286663-2	2009	The main function of SOD1 is believed to be the scavenging and detoxification of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	81-91	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	21-25
19233261-10	2009	Intervention studies with known reactive oxygen species (ROS) modifiers suggested that H(2)O(2), singlet oxygen, hydroxyl radical, and superoxide may also be involved in this PCB-mediated oxidative DNA damage.	Superoxides	135-145	pyruvate carboxylase	Homo sapiens	175-178
19414794-4	2009	We observed impaired O(2)( ) generation by LPS-treated and fMLP-activated IRAK4-deficient PMN that correlated with decreased phosphorylation of p47(phox) and subnormal translocation of p47(phox), p67(phox), Rac2, and gp91(phox)/Nox2 to the membranes indicating that TLR4 signaling to the NOX activation pathway requires IRAK4.	Superoxides	21-25	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	59-63
19414794-4	2009	We observed impaired O(2)( ) generation by LPS-treated and fMLP-activated IRAK4-deficient PMN that correlated with decreased phosphorylation of p47(phox) and subnormal translocation of p47(phox), p67(phox), Rac2, and gp91(phox)/Nox2 to the membranes indicating that TLR4 signaling to the NOX activation pathway requires IRAK4.	Superoxides	21-25	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	196-199
19414794-4	2009	We observed impaired O(2)( ) generation by LPS-treated and fMLP-activated IRAK4-deficient PMN that correlated with decreased phosphorylation of p47(phox) and subnormal translocation of p47(phox), p67(phox), Rac2, and gp91(phox)/Nox2 to the membranes indicating that TLR4 signaling to the NOX activation pathway requires IRAK4.	Superoxides	21-25	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	207-211
19414794-5	2009	NEMO-deficient PMN generated significantly less O(2)( ) in response to LPS-primed fMLP and translocated less p67(phox) than normal PMN, although p47(phox) and Rac2 translocation were normal.	Superoxides	48-52	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	82-86
19268487-4	2009	In this study, superoxide generated from xanthine and xanthine oxidase activated lung fibroblasts by increasing the release of TGF-beta1 and collagen.	Superoxides	15-25	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	127-136
19268487-8	2009	Apparently, superoxide rather than hydrogen peroxide is involved in the regulation of TGF-beta1 and collagen release in lung fibroblasts.	Superoxides	12-22	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	86-95
19268487-11	2009	ERK1/2 and p38 MAPKs are involved in the intracellular pathway leading to superoxide-induced fibroblasts activation.	Superoxides	74-84	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	0-6
19268487-11	2009	ERK1/2 and p38 MAPKs are involved in the intracellular pathway leading to superoxide-induced fibroblasts activation.	Superoxides	74-84	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	11-14
19398669-8	2009	Both MTHFR genotype and vascular 5-MTHF were associated with vascular nitric oxide bioavailability and superoxide generated by uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase.	Superoxides	103-113	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	137-170
19409913-12	2009	SIGNIFICANCE: Proteasome inhibition prevents TNFalpha-induced vascular dysfunction by reduction of superoxide production and suppression of endothelin levels.	Superoxides	99-109	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	45-53
19229193-1	2009	BACKGROUND: Based on previous data, we hypothesized that an increase of angiotensin II (Ang II)-via the Ang II type 1 (AT-1) receptor-in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) and the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus could activate NAD(P)H oxidase that will produce superoxides resulting in increased sympathetic activity and hypertension.	Superoxides	285-296	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	72-86
19229193-1	2009	BACKGROUND: Based on previous data, we hypothesized that an increase of angiotensin II (Ang II)-via the Ang II type 1 (AT-1) receptor-in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) and the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus could activate NAD(P)H oxidase that will produce superoxides resulting in increased sympathetic activity and hypertension.	Superoxides	285-296	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	88-94
19193722-9	2009	In conclusion, IP renders kidney resistance to I/R injury, and this resistance is mediated by increased superoxide formation, which activates MnSOD activity and expression as well as HSP-27 expression.	Superoxides	104-114	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	142-147
18499366-17	2009	Production of O(2)(-) was significantly higher using catalase compared to all the other groups (p=0.006), while OH was not significantly influenced by any of the antioxidants tested.	Superoxides	14-18	catalase	Canis lupus familiaris	53-61
19213944-8	2009	In HCAs or HCAECs incubated with dihydroethidium and dichlorodihydrofluorescein, BK induced superoxide and H2O2 formation, which was inhibited by gp91ds-tat or apocynin but not by gp91scram-tat or rotenone.	Superoxides	92-102	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	81-83
19213944-9	2009	HPLC analysis confirmed that BK specifically induced superoxide production.	Superoxides	53-63	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	29-31
19285483-6	2009	Superoxide anion production upon PMA activation was significantly reduced in neutrophils from VSOP/Hv1 knockout mice.	Superoxides	0-16	hydrogen voltage-gated channel 1	Mus musculus	94-98
19413947-6	2009	Finally, p53-depleted cells exhibit significant disruption of cellular ROS homeostasis, characterized by reduced mitochondrial and cellular superoxide levels and increased cellular hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	140-150	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	9-12
19479843-3	2009	Among the isolated compounds, lucidafuran (1) and aucuparin (3) exhibited potent inhibitory activity against fMLP-induced superoxide (O(*-)(2)) production by human neutrophils with IC(50) values of 18.7+/-4.4 and 17.0+/-6.8 microM, resp.	Superoxides	122-132	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	109-113
19442097-5	2009	The mitochondria function is regulated by several factors including nitric oxide, oxidative stress, mammalian target of rapamycin, ADP and P(i) availability, which result in a complex regulation of ATP production and oxygen consumption, but also superoxide generation.	Superoxides	246-256	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	100-129
19211919-8	2009	Obstruction of the common biliopancreatic duct time-dependently enhanced angiotensinogen levels, which correlated well with superoxide generation, ERK1/2 and CREB phosphorylation, and subsequent IL-6 expression.	Superoxides	124-134	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	73-88
19558814-0	2009	[Effects of clearance of superoxide anion by catechin on the expression of NO and eNOS and apoptosis in endothelial progenitor cells induced by angiotensin II].	Superoxides	25-41	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	144-158
19558814-1	2009	OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of clearance of superoxide anion by catechin on the expression of nitrogen monoxidum (NO) and endothelial nitricoxide synthase (eNOS) and apoptosis in endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) induced by angiotensin II (Ang II).	Superoxides	50-66	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	232-246
19558814-1	2009	OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of clearance of superoxide anion by catechin on the expression of nitrogen monoxidum (NO) and endothelial nitricoxide synthase (eNOS) and apoptosis in endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) induced by angiotensin II (Ang II).	Superoxides	50-66	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	248-254
19558814-7	2009	The O2*- concentration in the Ang II and the Ang II+catechin treatment groups (81.7+/- 3.6 and 62.3+/- 2.2 U/L respectively) was significantly higher than that in the control group (33.7+/- 2.8 U/L) (P&lt;0.01).	Superoxides	4-6	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	30-36
19558814-7	2009	The O2*- concentration in the Ang II and the Ang II+catechin treatment groups (81.7+/- 3.6 and 62.3+/- 2.2 U/L respectively) was significantly higher than that in the control group (33.7+/- 2.8 U/L) (P&lt;0.01).	Superoxides	4-6	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	45-51
19558814-10	2009	There were significant differences in the concentrations of O2*- and NO between the Ang II and the Ang II+catechin treatment groups (P&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	60-62	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	84-90
19558814-10	2009	There were significant differences in the concentrations of O2*- and NO between the Ang II and the Ang II+catechin treatment groups (P&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	60-62	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	99-105
19251446-3	2009	Recent reports suggest that highly expressed and inducible endogenous NQO1 from cardiovascular cells may act as a potential superoxide scavenger.	Superoxides	124-134	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	70-74
19439231-1	2009	Insulin stimulates superoxide (O(2)(-)) production in monocytes and macrophages.	Superoxides	19-29	insulin	Homo sapiens	0-7
19715503-2	2009	In-vitro administration of salmon IGF-I (sIGF-I), human IGF-I, and human IGF-II Increased superoxide production in zymosan-stimulated HKL.	Superoxides	90-100	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	34-39
19715503-2	2009	In-vitro administration of salmon IGF-I (sIGF-I), human IGF-I, and human IGF-II Increased superoxide production in zymosan-stimulated HKL.	Superoxides	90-100	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	42-47
19296689-0	2009	Cytochrome C mutants for superoxide biosensors.	Superoxides	25-35	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	0-12
19296689-1	2009	The effect of introducing positive charges (lysines) in human cytochrome c (cyt c) on the redox properties and reaction rates of cyt c with superoxide radicals was studied.	Superoxides	140-150	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	62-74
19296689-1	2009	The effect of introducing positive charges (lysines) in human cytochrome c (cyt c) on the redox properties and reaction rates of cyt c with superoxide radicals was studied.	Superoxides	140-150	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	76-81
19296689-1	2009	The effect of introducing positive charges (lysines) in human cytochrome c (cyt c) on the redox properties and reaction rates of cyt c with superoxide radicals was studied.	Superoxides	140-150	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	129-134
19439213-3	2009	In this study, we investigated the regulation of antioxidant enzyme systems in microglial cells by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and found that pretreatment with IFN-gamma for 20 h protected microglial cells from the toxicity of various reactive species such as hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), superoxide anion, 4-hydroxy-2(E)-nonenal, and peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	291-307	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	161-170
19176602-4	2009	Activity of NOS3 was characterized by conversion of arginine to citrulline, BH(4) intracellular availability, cGMP, and superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	120-136	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	12-16
19176602-7	2009	In aged cells with an uncoupled NOS3 as shown by the reduced BH(4) level, the increase in superoxide anion and the lower production of cGMP and the decrease in NO bioavailability were linearly correlated with the increase in basal [Ca(2+)](i).	Superoxides	90-106	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	32-36
19189960-8	2009	Dextromethorphan treatment (10-40 mg/kg/day) for 10 weeks in apoE-deficient mice significantly reduced superoxide production in their polymorphonuclear leukocytes and aortas.	Superoxides	103-113	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	61-65
19222497-6	2009	RESULTS: TauCl inhibited superoxide anion generation triggered by N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP; 30 nM), phorbol myristate acetate (1 nM) and serum opsonized zymosan (0.5 mg/mL) with similar potency (IC50 approximately 200 microM) for the three stimuli, while taurine (0.1-1 mM) was scarcely effective.	Superoxides	25-41	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	88-92
19337906-4	2009	Hyperoxia-induced activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase that is responsible for superoxide anion production, as evidenced by up-regulation and membrane translocation of p67phox, and the inflammatory responses, such as increased mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, and transforming growth factor-beta, were also significantly attenuated with PBN treatment.	Superoxides	108-124	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	275-302
19337906-4	2009	Hyperoxia-induced activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase that is responsible for superoxide anion production, as evidenced by up-regulation and membrane translocation of p67phox, and the inflammatory responses, such as increased mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, and transforming growth factor-beta, were also significantly attenuated with PBN treatment.	Superoxides	108-124	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	304-317
19130504-0	2009	HIV-1 Nef induces p47(phox) phosphorylation leading to a rapid superoxide anion release from the U937 human monoblastic cell line.	Superoxides	63-79	S100 calcium binding protein B	Homo sapiens	6-9
19130504-3	2009	We have recently shown that the inducible expression of HIV-1 Nef in human macrophages cell line modulates in bi-phasic mode the superoxide anion release by NADPH oxidase, inducing a fast increase of the superoxide production, followed by a delayed strong inhibition mediated by Nef-induced soluble factor(s).	Superoxides	129-145	S100 calcium binding protein B	Homo sapiens	279-282
19130504-3	2009	We have recently shown that the inducible expression of HIV-1 Nef in human macrophages cell line modulates in bi-phasic mode the superoxide anion release by NADPH oxidase, inducing a fast increase of the superoxide production, followed by a delayed strong inhibition mediated by Nef-induced soluble factor(s).	Superoxides	129-139	S100 calcium binding protein B	Homo sapiens	279-282
19130504-4	2009	Our study is focused on the molecular mechanisms involved in Nef-mediated activation of NADPH oxidase and superoxide anion release.	Superoxides	106-122	S100 calcium binding protein B	Homo sapiens	61-64
19130504-5	2009	Using U937 cells stably transfected with different Nef alleles, we found that both Nef membrane localization and intact SH3-binding domain are needed to induce superoxide release.	Superoxides	160-170	S100 calcium binding protein B	Homo sapiens	51-54
19130504-5	2009	Using U937 cells stably transfected with different Nef alleles, we found that both Nef membrane localization and intact SH3-binding domain are needed to induce superoxide release.	Superoxides	160-170	S100 calcium binding protein B	Homo sapiens	83-86
19130504-6	2009	The lack of effect during treatment with a specific MAPK pathway inhibitor, PD98059, demonstrated that Nef-induced superoxide release is independent of Erk1/2 phosphorylation.	Superoxides	115-125	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	52-56
19130504-6	2009	The lack of effect during treatment with a specific MAPK pathway inhibitor, PD98059, demonstrated that Nef-induced superoxide release is independent of Erk1/2 phosphorylation.	Superoxides	115-125	S100 calcium binding protein B	Homo sapiens	103-106
19558361-2	2009	In this study, the inhibitory effect of TMC-SOD and heparin-SOD on superoxide anion release from macrophages was studied in vitro.	Superoxides	67-83	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	44-47
19558361-2	2009	In this study, the inhibitory effect of TMC-SOD and heparin-SOD on superoxide anion release from macrophages was studied in vitro.	Superoxides	67-83	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	52-63
19558361-3	2009	Both TMC-SOD and heparin-SOD exhibited excellent inhibitory effects on superoxide anion release from macrophages, and the effects of TMC-SOD surpassed those of native SOD and heparin-SOD.	Superoxides	71-87	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	9-12
19558361-3	2009	Both TMC-SOD and heparin-SOD exhibited excellent inhibitory effects on superoxide anion release from macrophages, and the effects of TMC-SOD surpassed those of native SOD and heparin-SOD.	Superoxides	71-87	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	17-28
19558361-3	2009	Both TMC-SOD and heparin-SOD exhibited excellent inhibitory effects on superoxide anion release from macrophages, and the effects of TMC-SOD surpassed those of native SOD and heparin-SOD.	Superoxides	71-87	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	25-28
19558361-3	2009	Both TMC-SOD and heparin-SOD exhibited excellent inhibitory effects on superoxide anion release from macrophages, and the effects of TMC-SOD surpassed those of native SOD and heparin-SOD.	Superoxides	71-87	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	25-28
18952697-5	2009	RESULTS: Anti-PR3 (15 mug/mL) directly stimulated superoxide production and enhanced FMLP-stimulated superoxide production.	Superoxides	101-111	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	85-89
18952697-6	2009	Anti-PR3 (0.5 mug/mL) did not stimulate superoxide production but did enhance FMLP-stimulated superoxide production.	Superoxides	94-104	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	78-82
19211495-2	2009	METHODS: AngII-stimulated superoxide (O(2)(-)) production by cerebral arteries from male and female wild-type (WT) and Nox2(-/-) mice was measured using lucigenin- or L-012-enhanced chemiluminescence.	Superoxides	26-36	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	9-14
19439231-1	2009	Insulin stimulates superoxide (O(2)(-)) production in monocytes and macrophages.	Superoxides	31-39	insulin	Homo sapiens	0-7
19211495-2	2009	METHODS: AngII-stimulated superoxide (O(2)(-)) production by cerebral arteries from male and female wild-type (WT) and Nox2(-/-) mice was measured using lucigenin- or L-012-enhanced chemiluminescence.	Superoxides	38-42	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	9-14
19439231-2	2009	However, the mechanisms through which insulin induces O(2)(-) production are not completely understood.	Superoxides	54-58	insulin	Homo sapiens	38-45
19439231-3	2009	In this study, we (a) characterized the enzyme and the pathways involved in insulin-stimulated O(2)(-) production in human monocytes and murine macrophages, and (b) analyzed the consequences of insulin-stimulated O(2)(-) production on the cellular phenotype in these cells.	Superoxides	95-102	insulin	Homo sapiens	76-83
19439231-3	2009	In this study, we (a) characterized the enzyme and the pathways involved in insulin-stimulated O(2)(-) production in human monocytes and murine macrophages, and (b) analyzed the consequences of insulin-stimulated O(2)(-) production on the cellular phenotype in these cells.	Superoxides	213-220	insulin	Homo sapiens	76-83
19439231-3	2009	In this study, we (a) characterized the enzyme and the pathways involved in insulin-stimulated O(2)(-) production in human monocytes and murine macrophages, and (b) analyzed the consequences of insulin-stimulated O(2)(-) production on the cellular phenotype in these cells.	Superoxides	213-220	insulin	Homo sapiens	194-201
19439231-4	2009	We showed that insulin stimulated O(2)(-) production, and promoted p47(phox) translocation to the plasma membrane.	Superoxides	34-41	insulin	Homo sapiens	15-22
19439231-8	2009	Small-interfering RNA-specific gene silencing targeted specifically against Nox2 reduced the cognate protein expression, decreased insulin-induced O(2)(-) production, inhibited the turn on of NFkappaB, p38MAPK, and ERK 1/2, and reduced cell proliferation in macrophages.	Superoxides	147-154	insulin	Homo sapiens	131-138
18621373-0	2009	C-reactive protein stimulates superoxide anion release and tissue factor activity in vivo.	Superoxides	30-46	C-reactive protein	Rattus norvegicus	0-18
19151253-4	2009	We investigated these mechanisms in a model of salt-sensitive hypertension in which we have previously shown that endothelial dysfunction is mediated by superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) linked to local ANG II.	Superoxides	153-169	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	196-202
19151253-4	2009	We investigated these mechanisms in a model of salt-sensitive hypertension in which we have previously shown that endothelial dysfunction is mediated by superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) linked to local ANG II.	Superoxides	171-175	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	196-202
19151253-10	2009	This study provides insight into the mechanisms that underlie the association between metabolic and hypertensive cardiovascular diseases and support the notion that O(2)(-) overproduction linked to tissue ANG II interferes with shared insulin signaling pathways in metabolic and cardiovascular tissues.	Superoxides	165-172	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	205-211
18754709-4	2009	Catalytic antioxidants mimic the activities of superoxide dismutase or catalase or both, detoxifying superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, and in some cases, peroxynitrite and other toxic species as well.	Superoxides	47-57	catalase	Homo sapiens	71-79
18754709-4	2009	Catalytic antioxidants mimic the activities of superoxide dismutase or catalase or both, detoxifying superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, and in some cases, peroxynitrite and other toxic species as well.	Superoxides	101-111	catalase	Homo sapiens	71-79
18621373-5	2009	Intraperitoneal administration of CRP (20mg/kg body weight) compared to human serum albumin (HuSA) increased superoxide anion release and tissue factor activity from peritoneal macrophages in vivo (p&lt;0.01).	Superoxides	109-125	C-reactive protein	Rattus norvegicus	34-37
18621373-7	2009	Pretreatment with reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers or protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor significantly abrogated CRP-induced superoxide anion release and tissue factor activity.	Superoxides	131-147	C-reactive protein	Rattus norvegicus	119-122
18621373-8	2009	Pretreatment with extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitors, but not p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) significantly decreased CRP-induced superoxide anion release from macrophages in vivo.	Superoxides	197-213	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	18-55
18621373-8	2009	Pretreatment with extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitors, but not p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) significantly decreased CRP-induced superoxide anion release from macrophages in vivo.	Superoxides	197-213	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	57-60
18621373-8	2009	Pretreatment with extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitors, but not p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) significantly decreased CRP-induced superoxide anion release from macrophages in vivo.	Superoxides	197-213	C-reactive protein	Rattus norvegicus	185-188
18621373-10	2009	Antibodies to Fc gamma receptors, CD32 and CD64 resulted in significant reduction in CRP-induced superoxide and tissue factor activity in vivo.	Superoxides	97-107	Fc gamma receptor 2B	Rattus norvegicus	34-38
18621373-10	2009	Antibodies to Fc gamma receptors, CD32 and CD64 resulted in significant reduction in CRP-induced superoxide and tissue factor activity in vivo.	Superoxides	97-107	C-reactive protein	Rattus norvegicus	85-88
19295663-7	2009	TNF-alpha-induced endothelial cell apoptosis was associated with dramatic increases in production of intracellular hydrogen peroxide (approximately 20 times greater than control) and superoxide (approximately 16 times greater than control), as measured by dichlorofluorescein and dihydroethidium fluorescent staining, respectively.	Superoxides	183-193	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-9
32038816-7	2009	Hepatic antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) were elevated by PGP in CCl4-treatment groups.	Superoxides	29-39	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Rattus norvegicus	106-109
18785879-4	2009	Human CASMCs (coronary artery smooth muscle cells) in culture exposed to IL (interleukin)-1beta or TNF-alpha (tumour necrosis factor-alpha) had increased superoxide generation and enhanced CD40 expression, detected by EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance) and immunoblotting respectively.	Superoxides	154-164	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	73-95
18785879-4	2009	Human CASMCs (coronary artery smooth muscle cells) in culture exposed to IL (interleukin)-1beta or TNF-alpha (tumour necrosis factor-alpha) had increased superoxide generation and enhanced CD40 expression, detected by EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance) and immunoblotting respectively.	Superoxides	154-164	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	99-108
19027750-8	2009	Both superoxide and peroxynitrite production were increased in APN(-/-) vessels (P&lt;0.01 vs. WT).	Superoxides	5-15	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Homo sapiens	63-66
19286753-7	2009	CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that increases of urinary sodium and potassium excretion elicited by central administration of Ang II are mediated by NAD(P)H oxidase- dependent production of superoxide and protein kinase C activation in conscious hydrated rats.	Superoxides	195-205	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	131-137
19059428-3	2009	Because superoxide dismutase (SOD) plays a central role in detoxifying superoxide radicals, we have examined the effects of mutational inactivation of each isoform of sod on normal lifespan and lifespan extension by dietary restriction (DR) or cold-/hypothermic-induced longevity (CHIL).	Superoxides	8-18	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	30-33
19129478-1	2009	The assembly of cytosolic p47(phox) and p67(phox) with flavocytochrome b(558) at the membrane is crucial for activating the leukocyte NADPH oxidase that generates superoxide for microbial killing.	Superoxides	163-173	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	40-43
32038816-7	2009	Hepatic antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) were elevated by PGP in CCl4-treatment groups.	Superoxides	29-39	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Rattus norvegicus	113-117
19041937-3	2009	This study was conducted to determine whether a TNF-induced increase in superoxide (O(2)(*)(-)) contributes to mitochondrial damage in the left ventricle (LV) by impairing respiratory complex I activity.	Superoxides	72-82	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	48-51
19081082-0	2009	Angiotensin II induces superoxide generation via NAD(P)H oxidase activation in isolated rat pancreatic islets.	Superoxides	23-33	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
19081082-4	2009	We found that ANGII-induced superoxide generation via NAD(P)H oxidase activation and increased protein and mRNA levels of NAD(P)H oxidase subunits (p47(PHOX) and gp91(PHOX)).	Superoxides	28-38	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	14-19
19201909-5	2009	This decrease in superoxide production was paralleled by a significant IFN-beta-mediated increase in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) protein levels.	Superoxides	17-27	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	125-129
19100830-4	2009	Isopedicin potently and concentration-dependently inhibited superoxide anion (O(2)(*)(-)) production in formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (FMLP)-activated human neutrophils with an IC(50) value of 0.34+/-0.03 microM.	Superoxides	60-76	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	149-153
19100830-4	2009	Isopedicin potently and concentration-dependently inhibited superoxide anion (O(2)(*)(-)) production in formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (FMLP)-activated human neutrophils with an IC(50) value of 0.34+/-0.03 microM.	Superoxides	78-82	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	149-153
19073907-7	2009	We found that superoxide was a critical mediator of T-cell TNF-alpha production, as this was significantly inhibited by polyethylene glycol (PEG)-SOD, but not PEG-catalase.	Superoxides	14-24	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	59-68
19109942-3	2009	Lipid deposition was found in myocardial, vascular wall, and perivascular cells of the angiotensin II-infused rat heart, and superoxide generation was increased in these lipid-positive cells.	Superoxides	125-135	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	87-101
19057515-6	2009	RESULTS: In the injured artery, superoxide anion production and expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase subunits p47(phox) and Rac-1 were markedly increased, together with expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha.	Superoxides	32-48	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	263-296
19019916-6	2009	Challenge with AOPPs triggered cytosolic superoxide generation, resulting in upregulation of fibronectin and collagen IV genes and proteins and overexpression of TGF-beta1 via a PKC-NADPH oxidase-dependent pathway, as these downstream events were blocked by the inhibitors of PKC, inhibitors of NADPH oxidase, or the cytosolic superoxide scavenger.	Superoxides	41-51	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	162-171
19073907-8	2009	Thus, T cells contain an endogenous renin-angiotensin system that modulates T-cell function, NADPH oxidase activity, and production of superoxide that, in turn, modulates TNF-alpha production.	Superoxides	135-145	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	171-180
18927216-13	2009	It is suggested that in this animal model, characterized by TSH elevation and low-grade inflammation, an increased expression and function of iNOS, resulting in superoxide generation, accounts for an impaired NO availability.	Superoxides	161-171	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	142-146
18851713-8	2009	The protection afforded by SOD against such decay demonstrates that these processes are superoxide-radical-dependent.	Superoxides	88-106	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	27-30
18987049-6	2009	In isolated VSMCs or aorta from wild-type mice, Ang II stimulation markedly increased the levels of O2(-) and MAPK phosphorylation.	Superoxides	100-102	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	48-54
18987049-14	2009	Both O2(-) and ONOO(-) participate in Ang II-induced activation of vascular MAPK.	Superoxides	5-7	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	38-44
18647135-0	2009	The angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism is associated with phagocytic NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide generation: potential implication in hypertension.	Superoxides	120-130	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	4-33
18647135-1	2009	The objective of the present study was to analyse the influence of the ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) gene I/D (insertion/deletion) polymorphism on NADPH oxidase-dependent O(2)(*-) (superoxide radical) production, and to investigate the clinical implication of this association in hypertensive subjects.	Superoxides	187-205	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	71-74
18647135-1	2009	The objective of the present study was to analyse the influence of the ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) gene I/D (insertion/deletion) polymorphism on NADPH oxidase-dependent O(2)(*-) (superoxide radical) production, and to investigate the clinical implication of this association in hypertensive subjects.	Superoxides	187-205	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	76-105
18647135-12	2009	In conclusion, in the present study we have reported for the first time an association of the D/D genotype of the ACE I/D polymorphism with phagocytic NADPH oxidase-mediated O(2)(*-) overproduction.	Superoxides	174-178	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	114-117
19114648-8	2009	We conclude that O(2)(.-)- and H(2)O(2)-dependent feedforward impairment of mitochondrial ETC complexes because of predisposed downregulation of superoxide dismutase or catalase and a cross-talk between NADPH oxidase-derived O(2)(.-) and ETC enzymes contribute to chronic oxidative stress in the RVLM of spontaneously hypertensive rats, leading to augmented sympathetic vasomotor tone and hypertension.	Superoxides	17-21	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	169-177
19114648-8	2009	We conclude that O(2)(.-)- and H(2)O(2)-dependent feedforward impairment of mitochondrial ETC complexes because of predisposed downregulation of superoxide dismutase or catalase and a cross-talk between NADPH oxidase-derived O(2)(.-) and ETC enzymes contribute to chronic oxidative stress in the RVLM of spontaneously hypertensive rats, leading to augmented sympathetic vasomotor tone and hypertension.	Superoxides	35-39	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	169-177
19075094-0	2009	Angiotensin II decreases nitric oxide synthase 3 expression via nitric oxide and superoxide in the thick ascending limb.	Superoxides	81-91	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
19075094-9	2009	Angiotensin II increases superoxide, and superoxide scavenges NO.	Superoxides	25-35	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
19075094-10	2009	Thus, we tested whether scavenging superoxide enhances the angiotensin II-induced reduction in NOS3 expression.	Superoxides	35-45	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	59-73
19075094-13	2009	We concluded that angiotensin II-induced decreases in NOS3 expression in mTHALs require both NO and superoxide.	Superoxides	100-110	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	18-32
18773197-3	2009	Cardiomyocytes from embryonic chick heart were treated with 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1), which decomposes to liberate NO and superoxide anion (O(2) (-)) which in turn generates peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	129-145	mitogen-activated protein kinase associated protein 1	Gallus gallus	85-90
18790533-5	2009	These effects were probably associated with the increase of intracellular superoxide in mitochondrial signaling pathway which attributed to the down-regulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	74-84	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	163-183
18790533-5	2009	These effects were probably associated with the increase of intracellular superoxide in mitochondrial signaling pathway which attributed to the down-regulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	74-84	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	185-188
18773197-3	2009	Cardiomyocytes from embryonic chick heart were treated with 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1), which decomposes to liberate NO and superoxide anion (O(2) (-)) which in turn generates peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	147-155	mitogen-activated protein kinase associated protein 1	Gallus gallus	85-90
19460141-11	2009	Production of superoxide anions was evaluated using the cytochrome c reduction assay.	Superoxides	14-31	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	56-68
18996352-0	2009	FPRL1-mediated induction of superoxide in LL-37-stimulated IMR90 human fibroblast.	Superoxides	28-38	cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide	Homo sapiens	42-47
19123835-1	2009	The amyloid beta peptide (Abeta) of Alzheimer"s disease evolves hydrogen peroxide in vitro in the presence of Cu(II), external reducing agents, and molecular oxygen, without producing detectable amounts of the one-electron reduced intermediate, superoxide, O(2)(-*).	Superoxides	245-255	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	26-31
19015023-6	2009	O(2)(-) inactivates mitochondrial aconitase to release iron from iron-sulfur clusters, which forms the hydroxyl radical ((.	Superoxides	0-4	aconitase 2	Homo sapiens	20-43
19011239-2	2009	In the absence of BH4, eNOS becomes "uncoupled" and generates superoxide rather than NO.	Superoxides	62-72	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	23-27
19011239-7	2009	Intracellular BH4 deficiency induced superoxide generation from eNOS, as assessed by N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester inhibitable 2-hydroxyethidium generation, and attenuated NO production.	Superoxides	37-47	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	64-68
19011239-9	2009	Furthermore, increasing the intracellular BH2 concentration in the presence of a constant eNOS:BH4 ratio was sufficient to induce eNOS-dependent superoxide production.	Superoxides	145-155	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	90-94
19011239-9	2009	Furthermore, increasing the intracellular BH2 concentration in the presence of a constant eNOS:BH4 ratio was sufficient to induce eNOS-dependent superoxide production.	Superoxides	145-155	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	130-134
19129394-2	2009	Superoxide produced from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is considered the major source of ROS in neurons during excitation where mitochondrial superoxide levels are normally controlled by superoxide dismutase (SOD-2).	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	219-224
19129394-2	2009	Superoxide produced from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is considered the major source of ROS in neurons during excitation where mitochondrial superoxide levels are normally controlled by superoxide dismutase (SOD-2).	Superoxides	152-162	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	219-224
19129394-6	2009	Our studies also support the notion that SOD-2 nitration is a critical mechanism that maintains elevated superoxide levels in the spinal cord after capsaicin treatment.	Superoxides	105-115	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	41-46
19056377-7	2009	Increased dihydroethidium (DHE) fluorescence in response to TGF-beta1, which was inhibited by DETA-NONOate and TEMPOL, suggested a role for intracellular superoxide in TGF-beta1 signalling.	Superoxides	154-164	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	60-69
19056377-7	2009	Increased dihydroethidium (DHE) fluorescence in response to TGF-beta1, which was inhibited by DETA-NONOate and TEMPOL, suggested a role for intracellular superoxide in TGF-beta1 signalling.	Superoxides	154-164	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	168-177
18436224-5	2009	Furthermore, ET-1 increased intracellular O(2*)(-) production in all layers of the vessel, protein expression of NADPH oxidase subunit p47(phox) without affecting p22(phox) expression and lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence signal stimulated by calcium ionophore A23187.	Superoxides	42-47	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
18436224-0	2009	Quercetin inhibits vascular superoxide production induced by endothelin-1: Role of NADPH oxidase, uncoupled eNOS and PKC.	Superoxides	28-38	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	61-73
18436224-2	2009	We have investigated the effects of quercetin and its methylated metabolite isorhamnetin (1-10microM) on endothelial dysfunction and superoxide (O(2*)(-)) production induced by endothelin-1 (ET-1, 10nM).	Superoxides	133-143	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	177-189
18436224-2	2009	We have investigated the effects of quercetin and its methylated metabolite isorhamnetin (1-10microM) on endothelial dysfunction and superoxide (O(2*)(-)) production induced by endothelin-1 (ET-1, 10nM).	Superoxides	145-150	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	177-189
19273067-3	2009	Reactive oxygen species (ROS) (e.g., superoxide, peroxynitrite, hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide) are all potential reactants capable of initiating DNA single strand breakage, with subsequent activation of the nuclear enzyme poly (ADP ribose) synthetase (PARS), leading to eventual severe energy depletion of the cells, and necrotic-type cell death.	Superoxides	37-47	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	231-259
18791203-4	2009	LPS + IFN gamma increased synthesis of peroxynitrite precursors nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide by inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and NADPH oxidase, respectively.	Superoxides	86-96	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	6-15
18791203-4	2009	LPS + IFN gamma increased synthesis of peroxynitrite precursors nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide by inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and NADPH oxidase, respectively.	Superoxides	86-96	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	100-121
18791203-4	2009	LPS + IFN gamma increased synthesis of peroxynitrite precursors nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide by inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and NADPH oxidase, respectively.	Superoxides	86-96	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	123-127
18791203-8	2009	CONCLUSION: LPS + IFN gamma stimulates endothelial cells to produce iNOS-derived NO and NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide, which form peroxynitrite that nitrates tyrosine residues in PP2Ac and inhibits their phosphorylation.	Superoxides	110-120	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	18-27
18852069-8	2009	These results suggest that geldanamycin may enhance eNOS phosphorylation at Thr-495 by inhibiting Hsp90, Hsp90 uncoupling eNOS protein results in increased eNOS-dependent O2(-) production.	Superoxides	171-173	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Rattus norvegicus	98-103
18852069-8	2009	These results suggest that geldanamycin may enhance eNOS phosphorylation at Thr-495 by inhibiting Hsp90, Hsp90 uncoupling eNOS protein results in increased eNOS-dependent O2(-) production.	Superoxides	171-173	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Rattus norvegicus	105-110
19607981-2	2009	Superoxide anion is converted by superoxide dismutase into hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and the latter is then transformed into the toxic hydroxyl radical, through the Haber-Weiss reaction, converted to water by glutathione peroxidase (GPx) or dismuted to water and oxygen through catalase.	Superoxides	0-16	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	278-286
18852069-0	2009	Hsp90 mediates the balance of nitric oxide and superoxide anion in the lungs of rats with acute pulmonary thromboembolism.	Superoxides	47-63	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
18852069-2	2009	The association of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), which generates nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion (O2(-)), is a critical mechanism on regulating vessel homeostasis.	Superoxides	134-150	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Rattus norvegicus	19-40
18852069-2	2009	The association of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), which generates nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion (O2(-)), is a critical mechanism on regulating vessel homeostasis.	Superoxides	134-150	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Rattus norvegicus	42-47
18852069-2	2009	The association of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), which generates nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion (O2(-)), is a critical mechanism on regulating vessel homeostasis.	Superoxides	152-154	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Rattus norvegicus	19-40
18852069-2	2009	The association of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), which generates nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion (O2(-)), is a critical mechanism on regulating vessel homeostasis.	Superoxides	152-154	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Rattus norvegicus	42-47
18852069-3	2009	In this study, the role of Hsp90 association with eNOS in the balance of NO and O2(-) was examined in PTE rat model.	Superoxides	80-82	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Rattus norvegicus	27-32
19305493-5	2009	The ability of phagocytosis and superoxide release by AM was reduced by MCP-1 neutralizing antibodies.	Superoxides	32-42	mast cell protease 1	Mus musculus	72-77
19305493-7	2009	AM from MCP-1(-/-) mice also demonstrated less superoxide and impaired phagocytosis over the controls.	Superoxides	47-57	mast cell protease 1	Mus musculus	8-13
19436757-5	2009	Furthermore, superoxide production by NADPH-oxidase was directly responsible for age-related loss of parvalbumin (PV)-expressing GABAergic interneurons, neurons essential for normal information processing, encoding, and retrieval in hippocampus and cortex.	Superoxides	13-23	parvalbumin	Mus musculus	101-112
19436757-7	2009	CONCLUSIONS: Present results indicate that IL-6 mediates age-related loss of critical PV-expressing GABAergic interneurons through increased neuronal NADPH-oxidase-derived superoxide production, and that rescue of these interneurons preserves cognitive performance in aging mice, suggesting that elevated peripheral IL-6 levels may be directly and mechanistically linked to long-lasting cognitive deficits in even normal older individuals.	Superoxides	172-182	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	43-47
19091984-4	2008	Removal of IL-6 in neuronal cultures by anti-IL-6 blocking antibodies, or in vivo by use of IL-6-deficient mice, prevented the increase in superoxide by ketamine and rescued the interneurons.	Superoxides	139-149	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	11-15
19072268-0	2008	Detection of the superoxide radical anion using various alkanethiol monolayers and immobilized cytochrome c.	Superoxides	17-41	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	95-107
18929641-0	2008	Tumor necrosis factor alpha activates transcription of the NADPH oxidase organizer 1 (NOXO1) gene and upregulates superoxide production in colon epithelial cells.	Superoxides	114-124	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-27
18929641-2	2008	Interleukin-1beta, flagellin, interferon-gamma, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) similarly induced Nox1 in a colon cancer cell line (T84), whereas only TNF-alpha fully induced NOXO1 and upregulated superoxide-producing activity by ninefold.	Superoxides	209-219	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	0-17
18929641-2	2008	Interleukin-1beta, flagellin, interferon-gamma, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) similarly induced Nox1 in a colon cancer cell line (T84), whereas only TNF-alpha fully induced NOXO1 and upregulated superoxide-producing activity by ninefold.	Superoxides	209-219	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	52-79
18929641-2	2008	Interleukin-1beta, flagellin, interferon-gamma, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) similarly induced Nox1 in a colon cancer cell line (T84), whereas only TNF-alpha fully induced NOXO1 and upregulated superoxide-producing activity by ninefold.	Superoxides	209-219	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	81-90
18849334-6	2008	Administration of anti-TNF-alpha at the onset of reperfusion partially restored nitric oxide-mediated coronary arteriolar dilation and reduced superoxide production.	Superoxides	143-153	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	23-32
18850075-9	2008	Our model is the first to definitely demonstrate that sustained AhR activation by TCDD increases blood pressure and induces cardiac hypertrophy, which may be mediated, in part, by increased superoxide.	Superoxides	190-200	aryl-hydrocarbon receptor	Mus musculus	64-67
18835932-9	2008	Furthermore, overexpression of UCP-2 significantly ablated both O(2).	Superoxides	64-68	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	31-36
18835932-15	2008	CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that AMPK activation increases UCP-2, resulting in the inhibition of both O(2).	Superoxides	99-103	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	56-61
18971355-6	2009	Ad-Cu/ZnSOD targeted to this region abolished the increased superoxide levels and led to significantly improved myocardial function compared with control vector-treated mice.	Superoxides	60-70	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	3-11
18971355-8	2009	These effects of superoxide scavenging with Ad-Cu/ZnSOD in the forebrain paralleled increased post-MI survival rates compared with controls.	Superoxides	17-27	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	47-55
18792915-10	2009	Superoxide increased GSH content, and activities of SOD, catalase and GPx in qHSCs but not in aHSCs.	Superoxides	0-10	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	57-65
19714290-3	2009	METHODS: Superoxide production by T84 cells was measured by the cytochrome c method.	Superoxides	9-19	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	64-76
19714290-7	2009	RESULTS: IL-10 significantly inhibited IFN-gamma- or TNF-alpha-induced up-regulation of superoxide-producing activity in T84 cells by suppressing expression of Nox1 mRNA and protein.	Superoxides	88-98	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	39-48
19714290-7	2009	RESULTS: IL-10 significantly inhibited IFN-gamma- or TNF-alpha-induced up-regulation of superoxide-producing activity in T84 cells by suppressing expression of Nox1 mRNA and protein.	Superoxides	88-98	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	53-62
19145780-6	2009	Angiotensin II increased O2*- production more in SHR than WKY rats.	Superoxides	25-27	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
20375610-2	2009	In activation of the oxidase, the multidomain protein p67(phox)plays a central role: it translocates to the membrane as a ternary complex with p47(phox)and p40(phox), and interacts with the small GTPase Rac to assemble with the membrane-integrated catalytic protein gp91(phox), leading to superoxide production.	Superoxides	289-299	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	54-57
20375610-2	2009	In activation of the oxidase, the multidomain protein p67(phox)plays a central role: it translocates to the membrane as a ternary complex with p47(phox)and p40(phox), and interacts with the small GTPase Rac to assemble with the membrane-integrated catalytic protein gp91(phox), leading to superoxide production.	Superoxides	289-299	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	203-206
18927353-2	2009	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) catalyzes dismutation of superoxide anion to hydrogen peroxide, which is subsequently detoxified by catalase.	Superoxides	52-68	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
19571580-0	2009	Early signaling by vascular endothelial growth factor and placental growth factor in human bone marrow-derived endothelial cells is mediated by superoxide.	Superoxides	144-154	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	19-53
19571580-0	2009	Early signaling by vascular endothelial growth factor and placental growth factor in human bone marrow-derived endothelial cells is mediated by superoxide.	Superoxides	144-154	placental growth factor	Homo sapiens	58-81
19571580-5	2009	RESULTS: We show here that VEGF and PlGF generate extracellular and intracellular O(2)(-) that regulates their downstream signaling transduction pathways.	Superoxides	82-86	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	27-31
19571580-5	2009	RESULTS: We show here that VEGF and PlGF generate extracellular and intracellular O(2)(-) that regulates their downstream signaling transduction pathways.	Superoxides	82-86	placental growth factor	Homo sapiens	36-40
19571580-6	2009	Indeed, the extracellular O(2)(-) generated treatment of endothelial cells (using hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase) was sufficient to initiate receptor phosphorylation of VEGF receptor 2.	Superoxides	26-30	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	168-172
19571580-7	2009	The PlGF treatment of endothelial cells increased the generation of intracellular ROS in an extracellular O(2)(-) dependent manner.	Superoxides	106-110	placental growth factor	Homo sapiens	4-8
18987137-0	2009	Viral inhibitor of apoptosis vFLIP/K13 protects endothelial cells against superoxide-induced cell death.	Superoxides	74-84	K13	Human gammaherpesvirus 8	29-34
18987137-8	2009	The induction of MnSOD expression was dependent on vFLIP/K13-mediated activation of NF-kappaB, occurred in a cell-intrinsic manner, and was correlated with decreased intracellular superoxide accumulation and increased resistance of endothelial cells to superoxide-induced death.	Superoxides	180-190	K13	Human gammaherpesvirus 8	51-56
18987137-8	2009	The induction of MnSOD expression was dependent on vFLIP/K13-mediated activation of NF-kappaB, occurred in a cell-intrinsic manner, and was correlated with decreased intracellular superoxide accumulation and increased resistance of endothelial cells to superoxide-induced death.	Superoxides	253-263	K13	Human gammaherpesvirus 8	51-56
20131937-8	2009	As the activation of RAS, particularly the enhanced production of angiotensin II, can induce both O(2)(-) and NO generation, it has been suggested that physiological interactions of RAS, NO and O(2)(-) provide a coordinated regulation of kidney function.	Superoxides	98-102	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	66-80
20131937-8	2009	As the activation of RAS, particularly the enhanced production of angiotensin II, can induce both O(2)(-) and NO generation, it has been suggested that physiological interactions of RAS, NO and O(2)(-) provide a coordinated regulation of kidney function.	Superoxides	194-198	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	66-80
19074877-8	2008	Integrin alpha5 induction occurred at the level of transcription and was dependent on elevated intracellular superoxide in HIF-1alpha-knockdown cells.	Superoxides	109-119	integrin subunit alpha 5	Homo sapiens	0-15
19074877-8	2008	Integrin alpha5 induction occurred at the level of transcription and was dependent on elevated intracellular superoxide in HIF-1alpha-knockdown cells.	Superoxides	109-119	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	123-133
18845543-8	2008	Specifically, chymase activation was attenuated by inhibition of nitric oxide, superoxide, and peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	79-89	chymase 1	Homo sapiens	14-21
18922887-10	2008	However, TNF-alpha induced an increase in RBF and caused attenuation of the GFR reduction in mice pretreated with superoxide (O(2)(-)) scavenger tempol (2 microg.g(-1).min(-1); n = 6).	Superoxides	114-124	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	9-18
18922887-10	2008	However, TNF-alpha induced an increase in RBF and caused attenuation of the GFR reduction in mice pretreated with superoxide (O(2)(-)) scavenger tempol (2 microg.g(-1).min(-1); n = 6).	Superoxides	126-130	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	9-18
18922887-12	2008	These data suggest that TNF-alpha induces renal vasoconstriction and hypofiltration via enhancing the activity of O(2)(-) and thus reducing the activity of NO.	Superoxides	114-118	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	24-33
19107988-7	2008	Inactivating NADPH oxidase with either apocynin or deletion of the p47(phox) subunit blocked neuronal superoxide production and negated the deleterious effects of hyperglycemia.	Superoxides	102-112	NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47)	Mus musculus	67-70
18694873-4	2008	Furthermore, superoxide detection by dihydroethidium-derived fluorescence and immunohistochemical staining of p22phox expression were significantly increased in wild-type mice fed on the high-fat diet, while these oxidative stresses in FcR gamma(-/-) mice were not enhanced by the high-fat diet.	Superoxides	13-23	Fc receptor, IgE, high affinity I, gamma polypeptide	Mus musculus	236-245
19016244-1	2008	The superoxide dismutases (SOD) are a family of enzymes that function as the first line of antioxidant defense against highly reactive superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	4-14	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	27-30
19198181-2	2008	We tested the hypothesis that SOD3 regulates the equilibrium between superoxide (O2-) and nitric oxide (NO), thereby controlling vascular tone and cerebrovascular reactivity.	Superoxides	69-79	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	30-34
18942689-7	2008	Anti-TNF antibody (Ab) pretreatment did not inhibit the increase of Kupffer cells, but it effectively suppressed superoxide/reactive oxygen production from Kupffer cells and the resulting hepatic injury.	Superoxides	113-123	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	5-8
18942689-11	2008	CONCLUSION: Superoxide produced by Kupffer cells may be the essential effector in Con-A hepatitis, and TNF and NKT cells support their activation and superoxide production.	Superoxides	150-160	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	103-106
18801963-2	2008	Angiotensin II and endothelin-1 induced an NADPH oxidase (NOX)-dependent increase in anion superoxide (O(2)(-)) production detected by chemiluminescence.	Superoxides	91-101	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
18801963-2	2008	Angiotensin II and endothelin-1 induced an NADPH oxidase (NOX)-dependent increase in anion superoxide (O(2)(-)) production detected by chemiluminescence.	Superoxides	91-101	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	19-31
18628779-7	2008	Superoxide production in the ischemic brains of mice pretreated with the Akt inhibitor was higher than in vehicle-treated mice.	Superoxides	0-10	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	73-76
18981141-7	2008	Further mechanistic studies revealed that a MPP(+)-mediated increase in superoxide production was reduced in MAC1(-/-) neuron-glia cultures compared with MAC1(+/+) cultures.	Superoxides	72-82	integrin alpha M	Mus musculus	109-113
18981141-8	2008	The stunted production of superoxide in MAC1(-/-) microglia is likely linked to the lack of translocation of the cytosolic NADPH oxidase (PHOX) subunit (p47(phox)) to the membrane.	Superoxides	26-36	integrin alpha M	Mus musculus	40-44
19005069-5	2008	[Nox1-p22(phox)] dimers localized in intracellular compartments are recruited to phagosome membranes during microglial phagocytosis of zymosan, and Nox1 produces O2(.-) in zymosan-loaded phagosomes.	Superoxides	162-164	dynein cytoplasmic 1 heavy chain 1	Mus musculus	6-9
18854902-6	2008	The results indicate that Co(II) binds O2 in the presence of GGH, and leads to the formation of a DMPO-HO adduct without first forming free superoxide or hydroxyl radical, supporting the participation of a reactive high-valent cobalt complex.	Superoxides	140-150	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	26-32
18826240-1	2008	Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD-1), an enzyme that catalyzes the disproportionation reaction of superoxide to produce oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, thereby protecting cells from oxidative stress, is a homodimer that coordinates one copper and one zinc ion per monomer.	Superoxides	7-17	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	29-34
18981572-10	2008	Furthermore, Rb1 reduced the TNF-alpha-induced increase of superoxide anion production by 41% and inhibited the TNF-alpha-induced decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential by 44% in HUVECs.	Superoxides	59-75	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	29-38
18981572-12	2008	In conclusion, Rb1 effectively blocked the TNF-alpha-induced over-expression of VCAM-1, increased THP-1 adhesion and over-production of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	136-152	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	43-52
18660830-8	2008	CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: These data demonstrate that superoxide derived from NOX upregulates the expression of PDE5 in human VSMCs.	Superoxides	58-68	phosphodiesterase 5A	Homo sapiens	116-120
18782627-4	2008	Pretreatment of aminoguanidine (an inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), 10 microM) and vitamin C (an antioxidant agent, 100 microM) for 2h, reduced significantly the Ox-LDL-induced increase of NO and O2*-, and vitamin C completely inhibited increase of intracellular NO and O2*-.	Superoxides	216-218	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	81-85
18782627-4	2008	Pretreatment of aminoguanidine (an inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), 10 microM) and vitamin C (an antioxidant agent, 100 microM) for 2h, reduced significantly the Ox-LDL-induced increase of NO and O2*-, and vitamin C completely inhibited increase of intracellular NO and O2*-.	Superoxides	290-292	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	81-85
31766805-8	2008	DNRA was a major sink for NO3 - , which may have contributed to the lower rates of N2 O and leaching losses.	Superoxides	83-87	NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist	Homo sapiens	26-29
18784937-3	2008	Hsp90 interacts directly with nitric oxide synthases (NOS), increasing NOS activity and altering the balance of superoxide versus NO production.	Superoxides	112-122	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
18760347-0	2008	Distinct roles of Nox1 and Nox4 in basal and angiotensin II-stimulated superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production.	Superoxides	71-81	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	45-59
18768397-1	2008	The extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3), a secretory copper-containing enzyme, regulates angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced hypertension by modulating levels of extracellular superoxide anion.	Superoxides	178-194	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	95-109
18768397-1	2008	The extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3), a secretory copper-containing enzyme, regulates angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced hypertension by modulating levels of extracellular superoxide anion.	Superoxides	178-194	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	111-117
18768397-3	2008	Here we show that chronic Ang II infusion enhanced systolic blood pressure and vascular superoxide anion production in MNK mutant (MNK(mut)) mice as compared with those in wild-type mice, which are associated with impaired acetylcholine-induced endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in MNK(mut) mice.	Superoxides	88-104	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	26-32
18768397-3	2008	Here we show that chronic Ang II infusion enhanced systolic blood pressure and vascular superoxide anion production in MNK mutant (MNK(mut)) mice as compared with those in wild-type mice, which are associated with impaired acetylcholine-induced endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in MNK(mut) mice.	Superoxides	88-104	ATPase, Cu++ transporting, alpha polypeptide	Mus musculus	119-122
18768397-8	2008	In summary, MNK plays an important role in modulating Ang II-induced hypertension and endothelial function by regulating SOD3 activity and vascular superoxide anion production and becomes a potential therapeutic target for oxidant stress-dependent cardiovascular diseases.	Superoxides	148-164	ATPase, Cu++ transporting, alpha polypeptide	Mus musculus	12-15
18768397-8	2008	In summary, MNK plays an important role in modulating Ang II-induced hypertension and endothelial function by regulating SOD3 activity and vascular superoxide anion production and becomes a potential therapeutic target for oxidant stress-dependent cardiovascular diseases.	Superoxides	148-164	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	54-60
18762777-9	2008	Moreover, in both primary cultured rat cardiomyocytes and myofibroblasts, recombinant kallistatin inhibited intracellular superoxide formation induced by H(2)O(2), and the antioxidant effect of kallistatin was abolished by Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), indicating a NO-mediated event.	Superoxides	122-132	serpin family A member 4	Rattus norvegicus	86-97
18708074-8	2008	The mechanism of iNOS-dependent septic PMVEC permeability was pursued through pharmacologic studies with inhibitors of NOS, and scavengers of NO, superoxide, and peroxynitrite, and treatment of PMVEC with the NO donor, DETA-NONOate.	Superoxides	146-156	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	17-21
18708074-9	2008	Septic iNOS+/+ AM-dependent trans-PMVEC albumin leak was significantly attenuated by pharmacologic iNOS inhibition (L-NAME and 1400W), and scavenging of either NO (oxyhemoglobin), superoxide (PEG-SOD), or peroxynitrite (FeTPPS).	Superoxides	180-190	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	7-11
18991804-8	2008	IFN-gamma stimulates superoxide release and is a prophylactic agent for CGD.	Superoxides	21-31	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-9
18487040-6	2008	Varying superoxide concentrations in solution can be detected by an enhanced conversion of superoxide-reduced cytochrome c and thus by an enhanced photo current at the quantum dot modified electrode.	Superoxides	8-18	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	110-122
18487040-6	2008	Varying superoxide concentrations in solution can be detected by an enhanced conversion of superoxide-reduced cytochrome c and thus by an enhanced photo current at the quantum dot modified electrode.	Superoxides	91-101	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	110-122
18706498-6	2008	Superoxide production paralleled the increase in iNOS expression, and inhibition of either iNOS (aminoguanidine or iminopiperdine) or superoxide (apocynin) significantly reduced cell death.	Superoxides	0-10	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	49-53
18622039-0	2008	Phosphorylation of endothelial nitric-oxide synthase regulates superoxide generation from the enzyme.	Superoxides	63-73	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	19-52
18622039-11	2008	Thus, Akt-mediated phosphorylation modulates eNOS uncoupling and greatly increases O(2)* generation from the enzyme at low Ca(2+) concentrations, and PKCalpha-mediated phosphorylation alters the sensitivity of the enzyme to other negative regulatory signals.	Superoxides	83-87	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	6-9
18756259-4	2008	Superoxide anion production was increased by DETC and decreased by tempol in control and ANG II-treated fibroblasts.	Superoxides	0-16	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	89-95
18701634-0	2008	Heme oxygenase attenuates angiotensin II-mediated superoxide production in cultured mouse thick ascending loop of Henle cells.	Superoxides	50-60	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	26-40
18701634-3	2008	The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that induction of HO-1 can reduce the ANG II-mediated increase in superoxide production in cultured thick ascending loop of Henle (TALH) cells.	Superoxides	116-126	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	68-72
18701634-3	2008	The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that induction of HO-1 can reduce the ANG II-mediated increase in superoxide production in cultured thick ascending loop of Henle (TALH) cells.	Superoxides	116-126	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	88-94
18701634-6	2008	Treatment of mTALH cells with 10(-9) M ANG II increased dihydroethidium (DHE) fluorescence (an index of superoxide levels) from 35.5+/-5 to 136+/-18 relative fluorescence units (RFU)/microm2.	Superoxides	104-114	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	39-45
18701634-8	2008	To determine which metabolite of HO-1 is responsible for reducing ANG II-mediated increases in superoxide production in mTALH cells, cells were preincubated with bilirubin or carbon monoxide (CO)-releasing molecule (CORM)-A1 (each at 100 microM) before exposure to ANG II.	Superoxides	95-105	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	33-37
18701634-8	2008	To determine which metabolite of HO-1 is responsible for reducing ANG II-mediated increases in superoxide production in mTALH cells, cells were preincubated with bilirubin or carbon monoxide (CO)-releasing molecule (CORM)-A1 (each at 100 microM) before exposure to ANG II.	Superoxides	95-105	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	66-72
18701634-10	2008	These results demonstrate that induction of HO-1 in mTALH cells reduces the levels of ANG II-mediated superoxide production through the production of both bilirubin and CO.	Superoxides	102-112	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	44-48
18701634-10	2008	These results demonstrate that induction of HO-1 in mTALH cells reduces the levels of ANG II-mediated superoxide production through the production of both bilirubin and CO.	Superoxides	102-112	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	86-92
18958420-4	2008	In addition, application of Ang II increased the superoxide and hydrogen peroxide levels in the control HUVECs but not in APE1/Ref-1-overexpressing HUVECs.	Superoxides	49-59	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	28-34
18518859-8	2008	The activated forms of Rac1 and NOXA1 are essentially involved in Nox1 activation and their interactions might be responsible for regulating the O(2)(-)-producing activity in Caco-2 cells.	Superoxides	145-150	NADPH oxidase activator 1	Homo sapiens	32-37
18726685-1	2008	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is the main SOD isoform in the arterial wall contributing to cardiovascular defense against oxidative stress by removing the superoxide anion.	Superoxides	169-185	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	0-34
18726685-1	2008	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is the main SOD isoform in the arterial wall contributing to cardiovascular defense against oxidative stress by removing the superoxide anion.	Superoxides	169-185	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-42
18726685-1	2008	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is the main SOD isoform in the arterial wall contributing to cardiovascular defense against oxidative stress by removing the superoxide anion.	Superoxides	169-185	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	39-42
18555026-9	2008	In addition, the enzymatic site of cytochrome c was sensitive to the attack of both superoxide and hydroxyl radicals as observed through the reduction of Fe(3+), the degradation of the protoporphyrin IX and the oxidative disruption of the Met80-Fe(3+) bond.	Superoxides	84-94	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	35-47
18535108-3	2008	Superoxide production was determined by assessing ethidium fluorescence using flow cytometry in HAAECs exposed to ET1 (10-30 nm) at different time intervals.	Superoxides	0-10	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	114-117
18535108-4	2008	ET1 significantly decreased superoxide production in HAAECs in the presence of NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, indicating that ET1 suppressed superoxide generation independent of nitric oxide synthase.	Superoxides	28-38	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
18535108-4	2008	ET1 significantly decreased superoxide production in HAAECs in the presence of NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, indicating that ET1 suppressed superoxide generation independent of nitric oxide synthase.	Superoxides	28-38	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	129-132
18535108-4	2008	ET1 significantly decreased superoxide production in HAAECs in the presence of NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, indicating that ET1 suppressed superoxide generation independent of nitric oxide synthase.	Superoxides	144-154	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
18535108-4	2008	ET1 significantly decreased superoxide production in HAAECs in the presence of NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, indicating that ET1 suppressed superoxide generation independent of nitric oxide synthase.	Superoxides	144-154	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	129-132
18535108-11	2008	This finding reveals a novel function of ETB1 receptors in regulating endothelial NADPH oxidase activity, superoxide production, and cell proliferation, opening a new avenue for understanding the role of ETB1 receptors in protecting endothelial cells.	Superoxides	106-116	endothelin receptor type B	Homo sapiens	41-45
18545258-3	2008	However, overexpression of SOD-1 prevented activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) and neuronal death, suggesting that zinc release is upstream of superoxide production.	Superoxides	160-170	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	27-32
18545258-4	2008	Accordingly, zinc-induced superoxide production was blocked in neuronal cultures by the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin and by genetic deficiency in the p47(phox) subunit of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	26-36	NSFL1 cofactor	Rattus norvegicus	154-157
18625913-7	2008	Mice lacking the complement receptor 3 (CR3; CD11b/CD18), which belongs to the beta(2)-integrin family, also displayed impaired host defense against pneumococci, along with defective neutrophil superoxide production, but cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis was normal.	Superoxides	194-204	integrin alpha M	Mus musculus	17-38
18625913-7	2008	Mice lacking the complement receptor 3 (CR3; CD11b/CD18), which belongs to the beta(2)-integrin family, also displayed impaired host defense against pneumococci, along with defective neutrophil superoxide production, but cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis was normal.	Superoxides	194-204	integrin alpha M	Mus musculus	40-43
18625913-7	2008	Mice lacking the complement receptor 3 (CR3; CD11b/CD18), which belongs to the beta(2)-integrin family, also displayed impaired host defense against pneumococci, along with defective neutrophil superoxide production, but cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis was normal.	Superoxides	194-204	integrin alpha M	Mus musculus	45-50
18625913-7	2008	Mice lacking the complement receptor 3 (CR3; CD11b/CD18), which belongs to the beta(2)-integrin family, also displayed impaired host defense against pneumococci, along with defective neutrophil superoxide production, but cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis was normal.	Superoxides	194-204	integrin beta 2	Mus musculus	51-55
18625913-9	2008	Thus, our study demonstrates the pivotal role of myeloid SFKs and CR3 in mounting an effective defense against CNS infection with Streptococcus pneumonia by regulating phagocytosis and NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production.	Superoxides	209-219	integrin alpha M	Mus musculus	66-69
18955813-1	2008	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) removes damaging reactive oxygen species from the cellular environment by catalyzing the dismutation of two superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide and oxygen.	Superoxides	135-145	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	22-25
18817445-5	2008	Compounds 1-4 exhibited inhibition (IC50&lt;or=29.8 microM) of superoxide anion generation by human neutrophils in response to formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine/cytochalasin B (fMLP/CB).	Superoxides	63-79	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	187-191
18634866-5	2008	After degeneration of rods, injection of hydroethidine resulted in strong fluorescence in the retina of rd1 mice, indicating high levels of superoxide radicals, and this was reduced, as was nitrotyrosine staining, by apocynin, suggesting that overaction of NADP(H) oxidase is at least partially responsible.	Superoxides	140-150	phosphodiesterase 6B, cGMP, rod receptor, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	104-107
18755348-9	2008	Superoxide levels in stenotic valves were significantly reduced by inhibition of nitric oxide synthases (NOS), which suggests uncoupling of the enzyme.	Superoxides	0-10	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	81-103
18535108-1	2008	Endothelin (ET)-1 stimulates nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases and increases superoxide production in some cells such as vascular smooth muscle cells.	Superoxides	104-114	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	0-10
18535108-2	2008	Here, we reported that ET1 inhibited NADPH oxidase activity, superoxide generation, and cell proliferation in human abdominal aortic endothelial cells (HAAECs) via the ETB1-Pyk2-Rac1-Nox1 pathway.	Superoxides	61-71	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	23-26
18535108-2	2008	Here, we reported that ET1 inhibited NADPH oxidase activity, superoxide generation, and cell proliferation in human abdominal aortic endothelial cells (HAAECs) via the ETB1-Pyk2-Rac1-Nox1 pathway.	Superoxides	61-71	endothelin receptor type B	Homo sapiens	168-172
18781224-8	2008	Biochemical analysis of HCT116 cells over expressing the deacetylation mutant, as compared to wild-type SIRT3 gene, demonstrated an overall oxidized intracellular environment, as monitored by increase in intracellular superoxide and oxidized glutathione levels.	Superoxides	218-228	sirtuin 3	Homo sapiens	104-109
18640101-6	2008	Honokiol efficiently scavenged superoxide radicals in xanthine oxidase and cytochrome P-450 cell-free systems with the rate constant 3.2x10(5)M(-1)s(-1), which is similar to reactivity of ascorbic acid but 20-times higher than reactivity of vitamin E analog trolox.	Superoxides	31-41	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	75-91
18579705-1	2008	The aims of the present study were to determine whether superoxide (O(2)(-)) production is enhanced in medullary thick ascending limb (mTAL) of Dahl salt-sensitive (SS) rats compared with a salt-resistant consomic control strain (SS.13(BN)) and to elucidate the cellular pathways responsible for augmented O(2)(-) production.	Superoxides	56-66	talipes	Mus musculus	135-139
18579705-1	2008	The aims of the present study were to determine whether superoxide (O(2)(-)) production is enhanced in medullary thick ascending limb (mTAL) of Dahl salt-sensitive (SS) rats compared with a salt-resistant consomic control strain (SS.13(BN)) and to elucidate the cellular pathways responsible for augmented O(2)(-) production.	Superoxides	68-75	talipes	Mus musculus	135-139
18579705-1	2008	The aims of the present study were to determine whether superoxide (O(2)(-)) production is enhanced in medullary thick ascending limb (mTAL) of Dahl salt-sensitive (SS) rats compared with a salt-resistant consomic control strain (SS.13(BN)) and to elucidate the cellular pathways responsible for augmented O(2)(-) production.	Superoxides	68-73	talipes	Mus musculus	135-139
18579705-4	2008	O(2)(-) production was stimulated in mTAL by incrementing superfusate NaCl concentration from 154 to 254 to 500 mM.	Superoxides	0-7	talipes	Mus musculus	37-41
18579705-5	2008	O(2)(-) production was enhanced in mTAL of SS rats compared with SS.13(BN) rats in response to incrementing bath NaCl.	Superoxides	0-7	talipes	Mus musculus	35-39
18539125-2	2008	Peroxynitrite is formed by the reaction of the superoxide radical (O2.-) with the nitric oxide radical (.NO) that is generated by nitric oxide synthase (NOS).	Superoxides	47-65	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	130-151
18539125-2	2008	Peroxynitrite is formed by the reaction of the superoxide radical (O2.-) with the nitric oxide radical (.NO) that is generated by nitric oxide synthase (NOS).	Superoxides	67-69	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	130-151
18716321-0	2008	Targeted increases in endothelial cell superoxide anion production stimulate eNOS-dependent nitric oxide production, not uncoupled eNOS activity.	Superoxides	39-55	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	77-81
18600366-11	2008	Incremental increases in TNFalpha/TNFR1 expression induces activation and production of superoxide via NAD(P)H oxidase and/or mitochondria respiratory chain, leading to endothelial dysfunction progressing to the development of type II diabetes.	Superoxides	88-98	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	25-33
18600366-11	2008	Incremental increases in TNFalpha/TNFR1 expression induces activation and production of superoxide via NAD(P)H oxidase and/or mitochondria respiratory chain, leading to endothelial dysfunction progressing to the development of type II diabetes.	Superoxides	88-98	tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 1b	Mus musculus	34-39
18556460-5	2008	Our results show that the chemotactic peptide fMLP primes PMNs to generate O(2)(*-) and overexpress CD11b, both events being central to the inflammatory process, while CORM-3 significantly decreases these events (IC(50)=1.66 microM for O(2)(*-) production; 1.20 microM for CD11b expression in human PMNs).	Superoxides	75-79	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	46-50
18757424-7	2008	TSP1 causes a significant increase in phorbol ester-mediated superoxide generation from differentiated monocytes by interaction with alpha(6)beta(1) integrin through its NH(2)-terminal region.	Superoxides	61-71	thrombospondin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
20443830-3	2008	In this context, superoxide dismutase (SOD) preserves NO in vivo by scavenging superoxide and preventing the consumptive reactions.	Superoxides	17-27	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	39-42
18497304-8	2008	ONOO(-) generated by the interaction between exogenous administration of O(2)(*-) and endogenous *NO, or provided by direct injection of ONOO(-), activated the transcription factor NF-kappaB in paw tissues, enhancing expression of the inducible but not the constitutive cyclooxygenase enzyme (COX-2 and COX-1, respectively).	Superoxides	73-77	cytochrome c oxidase I, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	303-308
18556460-5	2008	Our results show that the chemotactic peptide fMLP primes PMNs to generate O(2)(*-) and overexpress CD11b, both events being central to the inflammatory process, while CORM-3 significantly decreases these events (IC(50)=1.66 microM for O(2)(*-) production; 1.20 microM for CD11b expression in human PMNs).	Superoxides	236-240	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	46-50
18573333-1	2008	The only known function of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is to catalyze the dismutation of superoxide anion into hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	95-111	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	55-59
18424077-2	2008	As Ang II is known to increase superoxide production by activating NADPH oxidase in some non-phagocytic cells, we hypothesized that the produced superoxide by NADPH activation could contribute to the regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in keratinocytes.	Superoxides	31-41	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	3-9
18590811-8	2008	Complete inhibition of LPS-stimulated expression of CD11b by catalase, induction of CD11b expression by H2O2 alone, and inhibition of superoxide-stimulated CD11b expression by catalase suggest that H2O2, but not superoxide, is in fact involved in the expression of CD11b.	Superoxides	134-144	catalase	Homo sapiens	176-184
18678787-3	2008	Levels of the p85-alpha subunit and reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase subunits, including p47phox, p22phox, and Rac-1, increased in the membrane fraction from arteries treated with D-glucose (20 mmol/L) accompanied by increased intracellular superoxide production.	Superoxides	268-278	phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1	Homo sapiens	14-23
18678787-6	2008	Therefore, it can be concluded that the activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Akt pathway, in combination with the translocation of p47phox, p22phox, and Rac-1, contributes to the superoxide production induced by high glucose, resulting in the impairment of ATP-sensitive K(+) channel function in the human visceral artery.	Superoxides	190-200	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	88-91
18424077-2	2008	As Ang II is known to increase superoxide production by activating NADPH oxidase in some non-phagocytic cells, we hypothesized that the produced superoxide by NADPH activation could contribute to the regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in keratinocytes.	Superoxides	31-41	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	214-246
18424077-2	2008	As Ang II is known to increase superoxide production by activating NADPH oxidase in some non-phagocytic cells, we hypothesized that the produced superoxide by NADPH activation could contribute to the regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in keratinocytes.	Superoxides	145-155	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	3-9
18424077-2	2008	As Ang II is known to increase superoxide production by activating NADPH oxidase in some non-phagocytic cells, we hypothesized that the produced superoxide by NADPH activation could contribute to the regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in keratinocytes.	Superoxides	145-155	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	214-246
18424077-2	2008	As Ang II is known to increase superoxide production by activating NADPH oxidase in some non-phagocytic cells, we hypothesized that the produced superoxide by NADPH activation could contribute to the regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in keratinocytes.	Superoxides	145-155	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	248-252
18424077-3	2008	OBJECTIVE: We examined whether Ang II could generate superoxide and enhance EGFR expression levels in HaCaT cells.	Superoxides	53-63	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	31-37
18424077-6	2008	RESULTS: Ang II (1-100 microM) increased the superoxide formation.	Superoxides	45-55	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	9-15
18424077-11	2008	Xanthine/xanthine oxidase system, an exogenous superoxide generating system, enhanced the EGFR protein expression.	Superoxides	47-57	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	90-94
18424077-14	2008	CONCLUSION: These results suggest that Ang II enhances the cell proliferation and EGFR expression via superoxide production under the regulation of NO in HaCaT cells, implying that Ang II may regulate the proliferation, differentiation and tumorigenesis of the epidermis by harmonizing the superoxide and NO production.	Superoxides	102-112	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	39-45
18424077-14	2008	CONCLUSION: These results suggest that Ang II enhances the cell proliferation and EGFR expression via superoxide production under the regulation of NO in HaCaT cells, implying that Ang II may regulate the proliferation, differentiation and tumorigenesis of the epidermis by harmonizing the superoxide and NO production.	Superoxides	102-112	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	82-86
18424077-14	2008	CONCLUSION: These results suggest that Ang II enhances the cell proliferation and EGFR expression via superoxide production under the regulation of NO in HaCaT cells, implying that Ang II may regulate the proliferation, differentiation and tumorigenesis of the epidermis by harmonizing the superoxide and NO production.	Superoxides	102-112	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	181-187
18424077-14	2008	CONCLUSION: These results suggest that Ang II enhances the cell proliferation and EGFR expression via superoxide production under the regulation of NO in HaCaT cells, implying that Ang II may regulate the proliferation, differentiation and tumorigenesis of the epidermis by harmonizing the superoxide and NO production.	Superoxides	290-300	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	39-45
18424077-14	2008	CONCLUSION: These results suggest that Ang II enhances the cell proliferation and EGFR expression via superoxide production under the regulation of NO in HaCaT cells, implying that Ang II may regulate the proliferation, differentiation and tumorigenesis of the epidermis by harmonizing the superoxide and NO production.	Superoxides	290-300	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	181-187
18539650-0	2008	Endothelin-1 regulates cardiac L-type calcium channels via NAD(P)H oxidase-derived superoxide.	Superoxides	83-93	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	0-12
18539650-7	2008	In addition, ET-1 significantly increased NAD(P)H oxidase activity and elevated intracellular superoxide levels in cultured cardiac myocytes.	Superoxides	94-104	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
18539650-8	2008	The superoxide generator, xanthine-xanthine oxidase (10 mM, 20 mU/ml), also increased calcium channel NPo in cardiac myocytes, mimicking the effect of ET-1.	Superoxides	4-14	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	151-155
18539650-9	2008	These observations provide the first evidence that ET-1 induces the activation of L-type Ca(2+) channels via stimulation of NAD(P)H-derived superoxide production in cardiac myocytes.	Superoxides	140-150	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	51-55
18716442-1	2008	Cytoplasmic Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is an antioxidant enzyme that converts superoxide to hydrogen peroxide in cells.	Superoxides	18-28	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	40-44
18583455-4	2008	Selective activation of the A(3)AR with (2S,3S,4R,5R)-3-amino-5-[6-(2,5-dichlorobenzylamino)purin-9-yl]-4-hydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-carboxylic acid methylamide (CP-532,903) potently inhibited mouse bone marrow neutrophil superoxide generation and chemotaxis induced by various activating agents.	Superoxides	220-230	adenosine A3 receptor	Mus musculus	28-34
18523147-2	2008	U937 cells with a stably transfected repressor of NF-kappaB (IkappaBalpha-S32A/S36A) demonstrated significantly lower superoxide release and lower CYBB and NCF1 gene expression compared with control U937 cells.	Superoxides	118-128	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	50-59
18586098-2	2008	In familial ALS, patients bear mutations in the superoxide dismutase gene (SOD1).	Superoxides	48-58	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	75-79
18523147-2	2008	U937 cells with a stably transfected repressor of NF-kappaB (IkappaBalpha-S32A/S36A) demonstrated significantly lower superoxide release and lower CYBB and NCF1 gene expression compared with control U937 cells.	Superoxides	118-128	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	61-73
18538674-8	2008	Similarly, treatment with xanthine oxidase, to endogenously generate superoxide, resulted in higher mRNA levels of TGF-beta1 and type I collagen in both normal peritoneal and adhesion fibroblasts.	Superoxides	69-79	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	115-124
18514074-4	2008	The current study demonstrates that endogenously formed peroxynitrite at nanomolar concentrations, originating from the interaction of *NO and *O2, potently activated PGHS-1, which parallels TxA2 formation and aggregation in human platelets.	Superoxides	144-146	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	167-173
18538674-9	2008	In contrast, treatment with SOD, to scavenge endogenous superoxide, resulted in a decrease in TGF-beta1 and type I collagen expression in adhesion fibroblasts to levels seen in normal peritoneal fibroblasts; no effect on the expression of these molecules was seen in normal peritoneal fibroblasts.	Superoxides	56-66	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	28-31
18625248-5	2008	ET-1 also induced an increase in ()O(2)(-) production that was inhibited by the NADPH oxidase blocker, apocynin, and by the blockers of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K(+) channels (mK(ATP)), glibenclamide and 5 hydroxydecanoic acid.	Superoxides	33-38	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
18538674-9	2008	In contrast, treatment with SOD, to scavenge endogenous superoxide, resulted in a decrease in TGF-beta1 and type I collagen expression in adhesion fibroblasts to levels seen in normal peritoneal fibroblasts; no effect on the expression of these molecules was seen in normal peritoneal fibroblasts.	Superoxides	56-66	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	94-103
18438942-0	2008	Early increase of Nox4 NADPH oxidase and superoxide generation following endothelin-1-induced stroke in conscious rats.	Superoxides	41-51	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	73-85
18685038-7	2008	Finally, we show that DAP12 and CD11b control the production of microglial superoxide ions, which kill the neurons.	Superoxides	75-85	integrin alpha M	Mus musculus	32-37
18505730-1	2008	Rac plays a pivotal role in the assembly of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes.	Superoxides	48-58	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
18695162-3	2008	Evidence for this includes the fact that mutations of SOD1, which normally reduce the production of toxic superoxide anion, account for 12% to 23% of familial cases in ALS.	Superoxides	106-122	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	54-58
18695162-3	2008	Evidence for this includes the fact that mutations of SOD1, which normally reduce the production of toxic superoxide anion, account for 12% to 23% of familial cases in ALS.	Superoxides	106-122	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	168-171
18567710-7	2008	In the presence of Tiron and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-catalase, known to reduce the level of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), second applications of Ang II evoked similarly reduced constrictions, even after high-pressure exposure (29% +/- 4% at 10(-8) M).	Superoxides	94-110	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	168-174
18539754-1	2008	We hypothesized that impaired nitric oxide (NO)-dependent dilation (endothelial dysfunction) in type 2 diabetes results, in part, from elevated production of superoxide (O(2)(*-)) induced by the interaction of advanced glycation end products (AGE)/receptor for AGE (RAGE) and TNF-alpha signaling.	Superoxides	158-168	advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor	Mus musculus	266-270
18539754-1	2008	We hypothesized that impaired nitric oxide (NO)-dependent dilation (endothelial dysfunction) in type 2 diabetes results, in part, from elevated production of superoxide (O(2)(*-)) induced by the interaction of advanced glycation end products (AGE)/receptor for AGE (RAGE) and TNF-alpha signaling.	Superoxides	158-168	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	276-285
18539754-1	2008	We hypothesized that impaired nitric oxide (NO)-dependent dilation (endothelial dysfunction) in type 2 diabetes results, in part, from elevated production of superoxide (O(2)(*-)) induced by the interaction of advanced glycation end products (AGE)/receptor for AGE (RAGE) and TNF-alpha signaling.	Superoxides	170-174	advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor	Mus musculus	266-270
18539754-1	2008	We hypothesized that impaired nitric oxide (NO)-dependent dilation (endothelial dysfunction) in type 2 diabetes results, in part, from elevated production of superoxide (O(2)(*-)) induced by the interaction of advanced glycation end products (AGE)/receptor for AGE (RAGE) and TNF-alpha signaling.	Superoxides	170-174	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	276-285
18583318-0	2008	Superoxide-dependent cathepsin activation is associated with hypertensive myocardial remodeling and represents a target for angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker treatment.	Superoxides	0-10	angiotensin II receptor, type 1b	Rattus norvegicus	124-154
18583318-8	2008	These data suggest that cathepsins likely trigger and promote cardiac remodeling and that blocking the angiotensin II type 1 receptor attenuates cathepsin expression and activity by inhibiting the production of superoxide by NADPH oxidase, thereby attenuating cardiac remodeling and dysfunction.	Superoxides	211-221	angiotensin II receptor, type 1b	Rattus norvegicus	103-133
18758504-2	2008	Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an antiinflammatory cytokine that stimulates nitric oxide production, decreases superoxide production, and restores endothelial integrity after vascular injury.	Superoxides	106-116	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	0-14
18818569-0	2008	Increased superoxide radical with a decrease in vascular endothelial growth factor and inducible nitric oxide synthase level leads to the progression of left ventricular hypertrophy in a pressure-overload rat heart model.	Superoxides	10-28	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	87-118
18758504-2	2008	Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an antiinflammatory cytokine that stimulates nitric oxide production, decreases superoxide production, and restores endothelial integrity after vascular injury.	Superoxides	106-116	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	16-21
18544562-0	2008	Superoxide-mediated proteasomal degradation of Bcl-2 determines cell susceptibility to Cr(VI)-induced apoptosis.	Superoxides	0-10	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	47-52
18437360-3	2008	In addition, reduced L-arginine availability to iNOS induced by arginase may result in the synthesis of both NO and the superoxide anion by this enzyme, thereby enhancing the production of peroxynitrite, which has procontractile and pro-inflammatory actions.	Superoxides	120-136	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	48-52
18971527-2	2008	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) protects the human body from oxidative stress by converting the toxic superoxide anion (O2-) into less toxic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	114-130	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	0-34
18971527-2	2008	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) protects the human body from oxidative stress by converting the toxic superoxide anion (O2-) into less toxic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	114-130	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-42
18971527-2	2008	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) protects the human body from oxidative stress by converting the toxic superoxide anion (O2-) into less toxic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	132-134	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	0-34
18971527-2	2008	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) protects the human body from oxidative stress by converting the toxic superoxide anion (O2-) into less toxic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	132-134	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-42
18616952-8	2008	Conversely, a peroxynitrite donor (SIN-1) increased both neutrophil-PMVEC adhesion (38+/-2% vs. 14+/-1% control, p&lt;0.01) and trans-PMVEC neutrophil migration; with both effects were completely inhibited by scavenging of NO, superoxide, or peroxynitrite (p&lt;0.05 for each).	Superoxides	227-237	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	35-40
18616579-0	2008	Microcin J25 induces the opening of the mitochondrial transition pore and cytochrome c release through superoxide generation.	Superoxides	103-113	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	74-86
19967051-2	2008	Combination of cilostazol (0.3~3 microM) with probucol (0.03~0.3 microM) significantly suppressed TNF-alpha-stimulated NAD(P)H-dependent superoxide, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and TNF-alpha release in comparison with probucol or cilostazol alone.	Superoxides	137-147	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	98-107
18566341-4	2008	Tempol and Apocynin reversed the increased expression of AT1R mRNA, c-Jun mRNA, c-fos mRNA, and superoxide production induced by Ang II.	Superoxides	96-106	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	129-135
18538762-0	2008	Superoxide anion mediates angiotensin II-induced potentiation of contractile response to sympathetic stimulation.	Superoxides	0-16	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	26-40
18538762-2	2008	This study was designed to investigate the role of superoxide anion in the potentiation effects of angiotensin II.	Superoxides	51-67	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	99-113
18538762-7	2008	Angiotensin II increased superoxide production by mesenteric arteries, which was blunted by angiotensin AT(1) receptor antagonist CV-11974, and NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor apocynin.	Superoxides	25-35	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
18538762-8	2008	Superoxide generating compound pyrogallol mimicked the effects of angiotensin II.	Superoxides	0-10	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	66-80
18538762-10	2008	In cultured smooth muscle cells from mesenteric arteries, angiotensin II and superoxide similarly induced ERK phosphorylation.	Superoxides	77-87	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	106-109
18538762-11	2008	These results showed that superoxide mediated angiotensin II-induced potentiation of contractile response to EFS and tyrosine kinase-MAPK/ERK activation was involved.	Superoxides	26-36	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	46-60
18538762-11	2008	These results showed that superoxide mediated angiotensin II-induced potentiation of contractile response to EFS and tyrosine kinase-MAPK/ERK activation was involved.	Superoxides	26-36	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	138-141
18298405-1	2008	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an enzymatic component of the antioxidant defense system that protects spermatozoa by catalysing the dismutation of superoxide anions to hydrogen peroxide and oxygen.	Superoxides	146-163	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	22-25
18538348-6	2008	In addition, the different susceptibilities to UA-induced IL-1beta release were suggested to be correlated with the amount of superoxide anion (O2-) generated from the 5 different types of Mphi.	Superoxides	126-142	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	58-66
18632636-6	2008	Using adenovirus-mediated extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) gene transduction to enzymatically decrease O(2)(*-) levels, we showed that in the presence of heparin, adenovirus EC-SOD gene transduction resulted in an increase in the expression of EC-SOD outside the cells with resultant inhibition of cell invasion ability.	Superoxides	114-118	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	26-60
18632636-6	2008	Using adenovirus-mediated extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) gene transduction to enzymatically decrease O(2)(*-) levels, we showed that in the presence of heparin, adenovirus EC-SOD gene transduction resulted in an increase in the expression of EC-SOD outside the cells with resultant inhibition of cell invasion ability.	Superoxides	114-118	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	62-68
18632636-6	2008	Using adenovirus-mediated extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) gene transduction to enzymatically decrease O(2)(*-) levels, we showed that in the presence of heparin, adenovirus EC-SOD gene transduction resulted in an increase in the expression of EC-SOD outside the cells with resultant inhibition of cell invasion ability.	Superoxides	114-118	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	185-191
18632636-6	2008	Using adenovirus-mediated extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) gene transduction to enzymatically decrease O(2)(*-) levels, we showed that in the presence of heparin, adenovirus EC-SOD gene transduction resulted in an increase in the expression of EC-SOD outside the cells with resultant inhibition of cell invasion ability.	Superoxides	114-118	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	185-191
18538348-6	2008	In addition, the different susceptibilities to UA-induced IL-1beta release were suggested to be correlated with the amount of superoxide anion (O2-) generated from the 5 different types of Mphi.	Superoxides	144-146	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	58-66
18569016-4	2008	The results showed that chronic insulin treatment significantly increased the intracellular generation of superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical.	Superoxides	106-122	insulin	Homo sapiens	32-39
18339714-10	2008	The Ras and Rac1 regulation of superoxide appeared to raise apoptotic activity by activating GSK-3beta and inhibiting Wnt5a/beta-catenin signaling.	Superoxides	31-41	Wnt family member 5A	Rattus norvegicus	118-123
18402813-12	2008	Pon1(-/-) mice were also found to show a threefold increase in aortic superoxide production rate (P=.04).	Superoxides	70-80	paraoxonase 1	Mus musculus	0-4
18420487-7	2008	In marked contrast, exposure of HRECs to proinflammatory cytokines IL-1beta or TNF-alpha increased glucose consumption, mitochondrial superoxide production, ERK and JNK phosphorylation, tyrosine phosphorylation, NF-kappaB activation, and caspase activation.	Superoxides	134-144	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	67-75
18420487-7	2008	In marked contrast, exposure of HRECs to proinflammatory cytokines IL-1beta or TNF-alpha increased glucose consumption, mitochondrial superoxide production, ERK and JNK phosphorylation, tyrosine phosphorylation, NF-kappaB activation, and caspase activation.	Superoxides	134-144	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	79-88
18383346-7	2008	As far as mechanisms for oxidative stress defence are concerned, we observed that treatment with IL-1beta+TNFalpha decreases cellular glutathione content and increases glutathione release into the extracellular space while stimulating superoxide anion and nitric oxide production as well as H(2)O(2) release.	Superoxides	235-251	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	97-105
18383346-7	2008	As far as mechanisms for oxidative stress defence are concerned, we observed that treatment with IL-1beta+TNFalpha decreases cellular glutathione content and increases glutathione release into the extracellular space while stimulating superoxide anion and nitric oxide production as well as H(2)O(2) release.	Superoxides	235-251	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	106-114
18474831-0	2008	Angiotensin II-dependent superoxide: effects on hypertension and vascular dysfunction.	Superoxides	25-35	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
18551023-7	2008	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphateoxidase-derived superoxide formation was greater in the hearts of the angiotensin II/high-salt rats than of the angiotensin II/low-salt rats.	Superoxides	59-69	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	113-127
18551023-7	2008	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphateoxidase-derived superoxide formation was greater in the hearts of the angiotensin II/high-salt rats than of the angiotensin II/low-salt rats.	Superoxides	59-69	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	155-169
18390927-8	2008	HL-60 cells cultured in HG and S100B exhibited a 1.8-fold increase in fMLP-induced superoxide generation compared with those cultured in normal glucose (5.5 mM).	Superoxides	83-93	S100 calcium binding protein B	Homo sapiens	31-36
18390927-8	2008	HL-60 cells cultured in HG and S100B exhibited a 1.8-fold increase in fMLP-induced superoxide generation compared with those cultured in normal glucose (5.5 mM).	Superoxides	83-93	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	70-74
18773271-7	2008	CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrate that iNOS plays a crucial role in nitrosative and oxidative DNA damage in GK rats, suggesting a retinal neurotoxic role of nitric oxide and superoxide in diabetic retinas.	Superoxides	179-189	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	44-48
18480413-1	2008	Small GTPase Rac is a crucial regulator of actin cytoskeletal rearrangement, and it plays an important role in cell spreading, migration, mitogenesis, phagocytosis, superoxide generation, and axonal growth.	Superoxides	165-175	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	13-16
18499466-3	2008	In rat mesencephalic cultures, AII increased 6-OHDA-induced dopaminergic (DA) cell death, generation of superoxide in DA neurons and microglial cells, the expression of NADPH-oxidase mRNA, and the number of reactive microglial cells.	Superoxides	104-114	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	31-34
19035120-6	2008	RESULTS: The expression of Cu/Zn SOD was down regulated at both protein and mRNA levels, and the level of superoxide anions increased in the PTEN-null cells (PTEN-/-).	Superoxides	106-123	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	27-36
19035120-6	2008	RESULTS: The expression of Cu/Zn SOD was down regulated at both protein and mRNA levels, and the level of superoxide anions increased in the PTEN-null cells (PTEN-/-).	Superoxides	106-123	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Mus musculus	141-145
19035120-6	2008	RESULTS: The expression of Cu/Zn SOD was down regulated at both protein and mRNA levels, and the level of superoxide anions increased in the PTEN-null cells (PTEN-/-).	Superoxides	106-123	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Mus musculus	158-162
18565815-18	2008	It can be supposed that the hydrogene peroxide produced due to increased expression of superoxide dismutase is metabolized by the induced glutathione-peroxidase and catalase keeping by this the balance of the antioxidant system.	Superoxides	87-97	catalase	Homo sapiens	165-173
18479157-4	2008	A combination of the facilitated direct electron transfer and the bifunctional enzymatic catalytic activities of the SOD substantially offers a dual electrochemical approach to determination of O2(*-), in which O2(*-) could be detected both anodically and cathodically.	Superoxides	194-196	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	117-120
18479157-4	2008	A combination of the facilitated direct electron transfer and the bifunctional enzymatic catalytic activities of the SOD substantially offers a dual electrochemical approach to determination of O2(*-), in which O2(*-) could be detected both anodically and cathodically.	Superoxides	211-213	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	117-120
18491327-10	2008	The majority of the reactive species released by a macrophage are thus likely to be derived from NO* and superoxide (O2*-) co-produced by iNOS.	Superoxides	105-115	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	138-142
18491327-10	2008	The majority of the reactive species released by a macrophage are thus likely to be derived from NO* and superoxide (O2*-) co-produced by iNOS.	Superoxides	117-121	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	138-142
18440651-6	2008	Superoxide anion generation was measured using the cytochrome c reduction method.	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	51-63
18440651-9	2008	Preincubation with IFN-gamma resulted in enhanced GM-CSF- or IL-5-induced superoxide anion generation and degranulation of human eosinophils, whereas stimulus-induced eosinophil adhesion was unaffected.	Superoxides	74-90	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	19-28
18440651-12	2008	Finally, we confirmed that MAPK inhibitors blocked the enhancement of stimuli-induced superoxide anion generation of IFN-gamma treated eosinophils.	Superoxides	86-102	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	27-31
18440651-12	2008	Finally, we confirmed that MAPK inhibitors blocked the enhancement of stimuli-induced superoxide anion generation of IFN-gamma treated eosinophils.	Superoxides	86-102	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	117-126
18440651-13	2008	In conclusion, IFN-gamma might upregulate ERK, p38, or JNK/ATF-2 phosphorylation induced by GM-CSF or IL-5, leading to enhanced cytokine-induced eosinophil superoxide generation and degranulation.	Superoxides	156-166	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	15-24
18440651-13	2008	In conclusion, IFN-gamma might upregulate ERK, p38, or JNK/ATF-2 phosphorylation induced by GM-CSF or IL-5, leading to enhanced cytokine-induced eosinophil superoxide generation and degranulation.	Superoxides	156-166	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	55-58
18523309-6	2008	IL-1beta cleavage is blocked under conditions where superoxide anion formation is blocked or monocytes are treated with antioxidants or a peroxynitrite scavenger.	Superoxides	52-68	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	0-8
18669246-7	2008	IL-8, in turn, triggered those neutrophils which were isolated from heifers suffering from BRD, and released elastase, ALKP and 5-oxo-ETE, but not MPO or superoxide (O2(-)).	Superoxides	166-168	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Bos taurus	0-4
18331617-4	2008	MnSOD +/- and -/- MEFs demonstrated increased superoxide steady-state levels; these fibroblasts failed to exit from the proliferative cycle, and showed increasing cyclin D1 and cyclin B1 protein levels.	Superoxides	46-56	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	0-5
18331617-6	2008	Overexpression of MnSOD in MnSOD +/- MEFs suppressed superoxide levels and G(2) accumulation, decreased cyclin B1 protein levels, and facilitated cells" transit into quiescence.	Superoxides	53-63	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	18-23
18331617-6	2008	Overexpression of MnSOD in MnSOD +/- MEFs suppressed superoxide levels and G(2) accumulation, decreased cyclin B1 protein levels, and facilitated cells" transit into quiescence.	Superoxides	53-63	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	27-32
18331617-8	2008	These results support the hypothesis that MnSOD activity regulates a mitochondrial "ROS-switch" favoring a superoxide-signaling regulating proliferation and a hydrogen peroxide-signaling supporting quiescence.	Superoxides	107-117	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	42-47
18408127-8	2008	These findings implicate the immune system in the early endothelial cell dysfunction associated with hypercholesterolemia and are consistent with a mechanism of impaired EDV that is mediated by CD4+ T cells and IFN-gamma, acting through the generation of superoxide from vascular NAD(P)H oxidase.	Superoxides	255-265	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	211-220
18327972-10	2008	These studies indicate that both superoxide and NO (precursors of peroxynitrite formation) play a significant role in caspase 3 activation in cardiac allograft rejection.	Superoxides	33-43	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	118-127
18272544-9	2008	Phosphorylation of p53 at site Ser15 and Chk1 at Ser317, as well as accumulation of p21(waf1/cip1), was observed within 8-24 h. Superoxide dismutase and catalase were unable to overcome this G2/M arrest, possibly indicating that neutrophil products other than superoxide or H(2)O(2) are involved in this cellular response.	Superoxides	260-270	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	19-22
18354059-8	2008	Selective ER agonists demonstrated that the decrease in mitochondrial superoxide was mediated by ERalpha, not ERbeta.	Superoxides	70-80	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	97-104
18439671-8	2008	Strikingly, TCS-LZ complex, but not LZ or TCS alone, exhibited unique specificity to scavenge superoxide radicals, generated by the natural xanthine/xanthine oxidase coupling system, without affecting the catalytic function of oxidase.	Superoxides	94-104	lysozyme	Homo sapiens	16-18
18378695-1	2008	The compartmentalized production of superoxide (*O(2)(-)) by endosomal NADPH oxidase is important in the redox-dependent activation of NF-kappaB following interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) stimulation.	Superoxides	36-46	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	135-144
18378695-1	2008	The compartmentalized production of superoxide (*O(2)(-)) by endosomal NADPH oxidase is important in the redox-dependent activation of NF-kappaB following interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) stimulation.	Superoxides	36-46	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	155-172
18378695-1	2008	The compartmentalized production of superoxide (*O(2)(-)) by endosomal NADPH oxidase is important in the redox-dependent activation of NF-kappaB following interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) stimulation.	Superoxides	36-46	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	174-182
18547815-4	2008	Incubation of human neutrophils obtained from peripheral blood of healthy donors with C. laevigata extract (0.75-250 microg/ml) inhibited N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP)-induced superoxide anion generation, elastase release and chemotactic migration with potency values of 43.6, 21.9, and 31.6 microg/ml, respectively.	Superoxides	174-190	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	160-164
18385137-1	2008	Human extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is a tetrameric glycoprotein responsible for the removal of superoxide generated in the extracellular space.	Superoxides	20-30	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	42-48
18367166-4	2008	PL3S significantly inhibited the generation of superoxide anion and the release of elastase in formyl-l-methionyl-l-leucyl-l-phenylalanine (FMLP)-activated human neutrophils in a concentration-dependent fashion with IC50 values of 3.06+/-0.20 and 3.30+/-0.48 microM, respectively.	Superoxides	47-63	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	140-144
18400212-4	2008	In addition, we harvested cerebral microvessels for Western blot analysis of AT1R protein and measured production of superoxide anion by brain tissue under basal conditions and in response to angiotensin II in the absence or presence of losartan.	Superoxides	117-133	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	192-206
18400212-8	2008	Finally, superoxide production was higher in brain tissue from diabetics compared to nondiabetics under basal conditions, angiotensin II increased superoxide production in nondiabetics and diabetics, and losartan decreased basal (diabetics) and angiotensin II-induced production of superoxide (nondiabetics and diabetics).	Superoxides	147-157	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	122-136
18400212-8	2008	Finally, superoxide production was higher in brain tissue from diabetics compared to nondiabetics under basal conditions, angiotensin II increased superoxide production in nondiabetics and diabetics, and losartan decreased basal (diabetics) and angiotensin II-induced production of superoxide (nondiabetics and diabetics).	Superoxides	147-157	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	122-136
18480288-7	2008	Whereas LPS failed to kill preOLs in cocultures of microglia and preOLs deficient in inducible NOS (iNOS) or gp91(phox), the catalytic subunit of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase, LPS caused a similar degree of preOL death in mixed glial cultures of wild-type, iNOS-/-, and gp91(phox-/-) mice.	Superoxides	150-160	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	100-104
18480288-7	2008	Whereas LPS failed to kill preOLs in cocultures of microglia and preOLs deficient in inducible NOS (iNOS) or gp91(phox), the catalytic subunit of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase, LPS caused a similar degree of preOL death in mixed glial cultures of wild-type, iNOS-/-, and gp91(phox-/-) mice.	Superoxides	150-160	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	268-272
18347018-3	2008	A direct regulatory interaction of Rac with Nox2 has been proposed as part of a two-step mechanism for regulating electron transfer during superoxide formation.	Superoxides	139-149	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	35-38
18366234-5	2008	On the basis of the above results, the co-induction of the SOD and POD activities to eliminate the superoxide and also hydrogen peroxide as a one-pot reaction was finally performed by using the Mn-HPyP-modified DMPC liposome, resulting in an increase in the efficiency of the elimination of both superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	99-109	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	59-62
18366234-5	2008	On the basis of the above results, the co-induction of the SOD and POD activities to eliminate the superoxide and also hydrogen peroxide as a one-pot reaction was finally performed by using the Mn-HPyP-modified DMPC liposome, resulting in an increase in the efficiency of the elimination of both superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	296-306	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	59-62
18299324-4	2008	Both potassium superoxide and O(2)(*-) generated by xanthine oxidase modestly activated rhIDO, in reactions that were prevented completely by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	30-38	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	142-162
18299324-4	2008	Both potassium superoxide and O(2)(*-) generated by xanthine oxidase modestly activated rhIDO, in reactions that were prevented completely by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	30-38	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	164-167
18299324-5	2008	In contrast, SOD mimetics had no effect on IDO activity in enterocytes and interferon-gamma-treated human cells, despite significantly decreasing cellular O(2)(*-) Similarly, cellular IDO activity was unaffected by increasing SOD activity via co-expression of Cu,Zn-SOD or by increasing cellular O(2)(*-) via treatment of cells with menadione.	Superoxides	155-159	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	13-16
18437152-6	2008	RESULTS: N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP)-stimulated superoxide production by neutrophils was significantly increased in women with preeclampsia when compared with the other two groups.	Superoxides	67-77	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	50-54
18292390-9	2008	Finally, human macrophages acquire responsiveness to the CXCR2 ligands (IL-8 and Grobeta), as measured by superoxide anion production, after induction of CXCR2 expression by PPAR-gamma ligands.	Superoxides	106-122	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	72-88
18309109-8	2008	STC1 also significantly decreased TNF-alpha-induced superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	52-68	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	34-43
18041581-13	2008	Taken together, these observations suggest that LacCer species with very long fatty acids are specifically necessary for Lyn-coupled LacCer-enriched lipid raft-mediated neutrophil superoxide generation and migration.	Superoxides	180-190	LYN proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	121-124
18436840-0	2008	C-reactive protein inhibits endothelium-dependent nitric oxide-mediated dilation of retinal arterioles via enhanced superoxide production.	Superoxides	116-126	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	0-18
18436840-10	2008	DHE staining showed that CRP produced TEMPOL-sensitive superoxide production in the arteriolar endothelium.	Superoxides	55-65	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	25-28
18436840-11	2008	CONCLUSIONS: CRP inhibits endothelium-dependent NO-mediated dilation in retinal arterioles by producing superoxide from NAD(P)H oxidase, which appears to be linked with p38 kinase and RhoA/Rho-kinase activation.	Superoxides	104-114	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	13-16
18436840-11	2008	CONCLUSIONS: CRP inhibits endothelium-dependent NO-mediated dilation in retinal arterioles by producing superoxide from NAD(P)H oxidase, which appears to be linked with p38 kinase and RhoA/Rho-kinase activation.	Superoxides	104-114	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	184-188
20409900-9	2008	Moreover, it was shown that angiotensin II caused an increase in superoxide ion (O(2)(-.))	Superoxides	65-75	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	28-42
18480265-1	2008	Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) is an abundant copper/zinc enzyme found in the cytoplasm that converts superoxide into hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen.	Superoxides	101-111	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-22
18480265-1	2008	Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) is an abundant copper/zinc enzyme found in the cytoplasm that converts superoxide into hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen.	Superoxides	101-111	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	24-28
18480265-9	2008	SOD1 inhibition also increases the steady-state levels of superoxide, which induces protein oxidation in A431 cells but, surprisingly, does not oxidize phosphatases.	Superoxides	58-68	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
18480265-10	2008	Thus, SOD1 inhibition in A431 tumor cells results in both prooxidant effects caused by the increase in the levels of superoxide and antioxidant effects caused by lowering the levels of H(2)O(2).	Superoxides	117-127	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	6-10
18398337-10	2008	CYBA C242T and NOS3 G894T polymorphisms had additive effects on vascular superoxide generation (P = 0.026) and xanthine oxidase activity was increased in patients with CAD (P = 0.043).	Superoxides	73-83	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	15-19
18287332-9	2008	These results demonstrate that extracellular superoxide has proinflammatory effects on neutrophils, predominantly acting through an TLR4-dependent mechanism that enhances nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB and increases expression of NF-kappaB-dependent cytokines.	Superoxides	45-55	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	196-205
18287332-9	2008	These results demonstrate that extracellular superoxide has proinflammatory effects on neutrophils, predominantly acting through an TLR4-dependent mechanism that enhances nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB and increases expression of NF-kappaB-dependent cytokines.	Superoxides	45-55	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	234-243
17869258-13	2008	PMNL priming and fibrinogen levels correlated positively with the severity of hyperlipidemia (r=0.32, P=0.02 for CD11b vs. cholesterol and r=0.38, P=0.009 for CD11b vs. LDL-c; r=0.35, P=0.01 for fibrinogen vs. cholesterol and r=0.3, P=0.03 for superoxide release vs. LDL-c).	Superoxides	244-254	fibrinogen beta chain	Homo sapiens	17-27
18207366-6	2008	In CAMs transfected with siRNA of ADP-ribosyl cyclase or RyR, this SR O2- production was attenuated.	Superoxides	70-72	ryanodine receptor 2	Homo sapiens	57-60
18207366-8	2008	These results provide direct evidence that O2- could be locally produced via NOX on the SR and that this local O2- producing system is controlled by cADPR-RyR/Ca2+ signaling pathway.	Superoxides	43-45	ryanodine receptor 2	Homo sapiens	155-158
18207366-8	2008	These results provide direct evidence that O2- could be locally produced via NOX on the SR and that this local O2- producing system is controlled by cADPR-RyR/Ca2+ signaling pathway.	Superoxides	111-113	ryanodine receptor 2	Homo sapiens	155-158
18418428-9	2008	Furthermore, in the VSMC A10 cell line, 8Br-cAMP also restored the Ang II-evoked enhanced production of O(2)(-), NADPH oxidase activity, and enhanced levels of p47(phox) and Nox4 proteins to control levels.	Superoxides	104-108	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	67-73
18418431-1	2008	Recently, it has been reported that losartan, an angiotensin II receptor (ATR) antagonist, depresses the angiotensin II-induced production of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	142-152	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	49-63
18418431-1	2008	Recently, it has been reported that losartan, an angiotensin II receptor (ATR) antagonist, depresses the angiotensin II-induced production of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	142-152	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	105-119
18258688-4	2008	Surprisingly, the antioxidant enzyme Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1), which is known primarily as a scavenger of superoxide, was associated with the DNA-bound receptor.	Superoxides	43-53	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	65-69
18258688-8	2008	Interestingly, when MCF-7 cells are exposed to 17beta-estradiol and superoxide generated by addition of potassium superoxide (KO2) to the cell medium, SOD1 levels are increased and tyrosine nitration, which is an indicator of oxidative stress-induced protein damage, is significantly diminished.	Superoxides	68-78	superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Felis catus	151-155
18222183-7	2008	In mice with iNOS expression, the main contribution to MNIC-MGD decomposition was made by superoxide ions whose destructive effect is mediated by an oxidative mechanism.	Superoxides	90-100	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	13-17
18414230-8	2008	The production of O2- by NADPH oxidase contributes to intracellular signaling by LPS in endothelial cells as it does for TNF-alpha and helps turn on the innate immune response in these cells.	Superoxides	18-20	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	121-130
18446057-4	2008	TNF treatment induced rapid accumulation of mitochondrial superoxide (O2-) through the Nox1 NADPH oxidase when cells undergo necrosis.	Superoxides	58-68	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	0-3
18446057-4	2008	TNF treatment induced rapid accumulation of mitochondrial superoxide (O2-) through the Nox1 NADPH oxidase when cells undergo necrosis.	Superoxides	70-72	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	0-3
18305118-12	2008	This effect is principally mediated by superoxide anion, therefore identifying a new, potentially relevant role of reactive oxygen species in VEGF signaling.	Superoxides	39-55	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	142-146
18227068-4	2008	Decreasing superoxide in diabetic mice by either transgenic expression of manganese superoxide dismutase or by administration of an superoxide dismutase mimetic corrected post-ischemic defects in neovascularization, oxygen delivery, and chemokine expression, and normalized tissue survival.	Superoxides	11-21	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	74-104
18417691-6	2008	Furthermore, superoxide radical formation in mitochondria was increased in SOD1(G93A) astrocytes.	Superoxides	13-23	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	75-79
18275859-4	2008	In these Pten-deleted MEFs, the basal levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were increased, and both the basal level and the ROS-induced oxidative damage of DNA were increased, as evidenced by increased levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anion, 8-hydroxy-2"-deoxyguanosine, and DNA double-strand breaks.	Superoxides	241-257	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Mus musculus	9-13
18341341-2	2008	We found that manganous phosphate is unique among those manganous salts studied in its ability to remove superoxide rapidly and catalytically from aqueous solution via a disproportionation mechanism that is entirely different from those of the SOD enzymes.	Superoxides	105-115	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	244-247
18387435-0	2008	Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase-derived superoxide and vascular endothelial dysfunction in human heart failure.	Superoxides	68-78	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	8-59
18387435-7	2008	Superoxide levels were positively correlated with New York Heart Association functional class (r = 0.684; p &lt; 0.05) and CRP (r = 0.501; p &lt; 0.005; n = 32).	Superoxides	0-10	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	123-126
18287332-4	2008	Extracellular superoxide generation induced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and increased neutrophil production of the NF-kappaB-dependent cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and macrophage inhibitory protein-2 (MIP-2).	Superoxides	14-24	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	69-90
18287332-4	2008	Extracellular superoxide generation induced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and increased neutrophil production of the NF-kappaB-dependent cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and macrophage inhibitory protein-2 (MIP-2).	Superoxides	14-24	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	92-101
18287332-4	2008	Extracellular superoxide generation induced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and increased neutrophil production of the NF-kappaB-dependent cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and macrophage inhibitory protein-2 (MIP-2).	Superoxides	14-24	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	146-155
18287332-4	2008	Extracellular superoxide generation induced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and increased neutrophil production of the NF-kappaB-dependent cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and macrophage inhibitory protein-2 (MIP-2).	Superoxides	14-24	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	176-203
18287332-4	2008	Extracellular superoxide generation induced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and increased neutrophil production of the NF-kappaB-dependent cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and macrophage inhibitory protein-2 (MIP-2).	Superoxides	14-24	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	205-214
20409900-9	2008	Moreover, it was shown that angiotensin II caused an increase in superoxide ion (O(2)(-.))	Superoxides	81-85	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	28-42
20409900-13	2008	Consequently, in human monocytes angiotensin II caused NHE1 activation through pathways involving isoforms of PKC with the participation of O(2)(-.)	Superoxides	140-144	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	33-47
20409900-13	2008	Consequently, in human monocytes angiotensin II caused NHE1 activation through pathways involving isoforms of PKC with the participation of O(2)(-.)	Superoxides	140-144	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Homo sapiens	55-59
18439101-9	2008	The JNK inhibitor markedly suppressed TNF-alpha-induced and GM-CSF-induced superoxide release.	Superoxides	75-85	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	4-7
18206660-9	2008	The results showed that (1) HO-1 is induced in chronic cholestatic liver disease, (2) superoxide anions time- and dose-dependently induce HO-1 activity, (3) HO-1 overexpression inhibits superoxide-anions-induced apoptosis, and (4) CO blocks superoxide-anions-induced JNK phosphorylation and caspase-9, -6, -3 activation and abolishes apoptosis but does not increase necrosis.	Superoxides	86-103	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	267-270
18206660-9	2008	The results showed that (1) HO-1 is induced in chronic cholestatic liver disease, (2) superoxide anions time- and dose-dependently induce HO-1 activity, (3) HO-1 overexpression inhibits superoxide-anions-induced apoptosis, and (4) CO blocks superoxide-anions-induced JNK phosphorylation and caspase-9, -6, -3 activation and abolishes apoptosis but does not increase necrosis.	Superoxides	86-96	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	267-270
18206660-10	2008	We conclude that HO-1 and CO protect primary hepatocytes against superoxide-anions-induced apoptosis partially via inhibition of JNK activity.	Superoxides	65-75	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	129-132
18548979-9	2008	esults: EPO treatment attenuated superoxide release ex vivo and in vivo and promoted PMNL survival ex vivo.	Superoxides	33-43	erythropoietin	Homo sapiens	8-11
18548979-12	2008	The percent of PMNLs expressing EPO-R was higher before EPO treatment and correlated positively with the rate of superoxide release.	Superoxides	113-123	erythropoietin	Homo sapiens	32-35
18439101-10	2008	These findings suggest that JNK1 and JNK2 are involved in TNF-alpha-induced neutrophil apoptosis and GM-CSF-mediated antiapoptotic effect on neutrophils, respectively, and both JNK isoforms are involved in TNF-alpha-induced and GM-CSF-induced superoxide release.	Superoxides	243-253	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	28-32
18439101-10	2008	These findings suggest that JNK1 and JNK2 are involved in TNF-alpha-induced neutrophil apoptosis and GM-CSF-mediated antiapoptotic effect on neutrophils, respectively, and both JNK isoforms are involved in TNF-alpha-induced and GM-CSF-induced superoxide release.	Superoxides	243-253	mitogen-activated protein kinase 9	Homo sapiens	37-41
18439101-10	2008	These findings suggest that JNK1 and JNK2 are involved in TNF-alpha-induced neutrophil apoptosis and GM-CSF-mediated antiapoptotic effect on neutrophils, respectively, and both JNK isoforms are involved in TNF-alpha-induced and GM-CSF-induced superoxide release.	Superoxides	243-253	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	58-67
18439101-10	2008	These findings suggest that JNK1 and JNK2 are involved in TNF-alpha-induced neutrophil apoptosis and GM-CSF-mediated antiapoptotic effect on neutrophils, respectively, and both JNK isoforms are involved in TNF-alpha-induced and GM-CSF-induced superoxide release.	Superoxides	243-253	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	28-31
18386220-6	2008	RESULTS: Exogenous XO increased cellular ROS production and caused superoxide-dependent inhibition of Akt phosphorylation and enhancement of p38 MAPK phosphorylation in a time-and dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	67-77	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	102-105
18298074-6	2008	FMLP-, PMA-, and AA-induced tyrosyl or serine/threonine phosphorylation and translocation of p47phox, p67phox, and Rac to the plasma membrane were in parallel with the suppression of the stimulus-induced superoxide generation.	Superoxides	204-214	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
18203633-2	2008	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD or SOD3) scavenges superoxide is the major catalytic antioxidant in joint fluid and is decreased in OA cartilage.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-42
18203633-2	2008	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD or SOD3) scavenges superoxide is the major catalytic antioxidant in joint fluid and is decreased in OA cartilage.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	46-50
18171673-3	2008	We found that SOD1 controls cytochrome c-catalyzed peroxidation in vitro when superoxide is available.	Superoxides	78-88	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	14-18
21731109-7	2008	Redox potentials for structurally-related Co(II) complexes are shown to be cathodically-shifted relative to their Fe(II) analogues, making them ineffective reducing agents for substrates such as superoxide.	Superoxides	195-205	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	42-48
18224486-6	2008	Flow cytometry revealed an increase of intracellular superoxide due to BC2 or BC4, which was further increased when hyperthermia was combined.	Superoxides	53-63	charged multivesicular body protein 2A	Homo sapiens	71-74
18224486-11	2008	These results indicate that the intracellular superoxide generated by BC2 or BC4 is involved in the enhancement of apoptosis through Fas-mitochondria caspase and [Ca2+](i)-dependent pathways, and a decrease in Hsp70 also contributed to the enhancement of apoptosis.	Superoxides	46-56	charged multivesicular body protein 2A	Homo sapiens	70-73
18239850-1	2008	We have studied the effects of superoxide production after Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) down-regulation by RNA interference.	Superoxides	31-41	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	87-91
18418435-8	2008	In addition, there was a significant elevation of superoxide anion produced by Hcy-treated cells, which preceded the increased phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha.	Superoxides	50-66	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells inhibitor, alpha	Mus musculus	146-158
18301379-3	2008	Recent data have indicated that superoxide generation is dependent on the activation of NADPH oxidases, which form a complex with the adaptor molecules RIP1 and TRADD.	Superoxides	32-42	TNFRSF1A associated via death domain	Homo sapiens	161-166
18301379-4	2008	The mechanism of superoxide generation further establishes RIP1 as the central molecule in ROS production and cell death initiated by TNFalpha and other death receptors.	Superoxides	17-27	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	134-142
18250367-8	2008	The interaction between angiotensin II and UK14,304 on superoxide generation and RhoA activation was blocked by inhibitors of phospholipase C (U73312), protein kinase C (GF109203X), c-src (PP1), NADPH oxidase (diphenyleneiodonium), or superoxide (Tempol).	Superoxides	235-245	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	24-38
18250367-9	2008	We conclude that NADPH oxidase/superoxide and RhoA/Rho kinase are involved in the interaction between alpha(2)-adrenoceptors and angiotensin II on renal vascular resistance by mediating signaling events downstream of the phospholipase C/protein kinase C/c-src pathway.	Superoxides	31-41	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	129-143
18292807-2	2008	Heterodimers of p22(phox) and gp91(phox) proteins constitute the superoxide-producing cytochrome core of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	65-75	dynein cytoplasmic 1 heavy chain 1	Mus musculus	16-19
18199822-0	2008	Superoxide-induced potentiation in the hippocampus requires activation of ryanodine receptor type 3 and ERK.	Superoxides	0-10	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	104-107
18199822-7	2008	We identified a functional coupling between L-type voltage-gated calcium channels and RyRs and identified RyR3, a subtype enriched in area CA1, as the specific isoform required for superoxide-induced potentiation.	Superoxides	181-191	ryanodine receptor 3	Mus musculus	106-110
18199822-8	2008	Superoxide also enhanced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in area CA1, and ERK was necessary for superoxide-induced potentiation.	Superoxides	0-10	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	48-85
18199822-8	2008	Superoxide also enhanced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in area CA1, and ERK was necessary for superoxide-induced potentiation.	Superoxides	0-10	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	87-90
18199822-8	2008	Superoxide also enhanced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in area CA1, and ERK was necessary for superoxide-induced potentiation.	Superoxides	131-141	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	48-85
18199822-8	2008	Superoxide also enhanced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in area CA1, and ERK was necessary for superoxide-induced potentiation.	Superoxides	131-141	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	109-112
18199822-9	2008	Thus superoxide-induced potentiation requires the redox targeting of RyR3 and the subsequent activation of ERK.	Superoxides	5-15	ryanodine receptor 3	Mus musculus	69-73
18199822-9	2008	Thus superoxide-induced potentiation requires the redox targeting of RyR3 and the subsequent activation of ERK.	Superoxides	5-15	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	107-110
18083280-11	2008	Overproduction of superoxide anion correlated positively with the level of PMNs apoptosis (measured by cytochrome c release), suggesting that superoxide anion might be an important factor inducing apoptotic death of blood cells.	Superoxides	18-34	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	103-115
18083280-11	2008	Overproduction of superoxide anion correlated positively with the level of PMNs apoptosis (measured by cytochrome c release), suggesting that superoxide anion might be an important factor inducing apoptotic death of blood cells.	Superoxides	142-158	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	103-115
18298074-2	2008	G-Rh2 significantly suppressed superoxide generation induced by N-formylmethionyl-leucylphenylalanine (fMLP), phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), and arachidonic acid (AA) in a concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	31-41	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	103-107
18298074-3	2008	G-Rh1 showed a comparably lower suppression on fMLP-induced superoxide generation.	Superoxides	60-70	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	47-51
18206670-7	2008	XR indeed reduced 9,10-PQ and produced superoxide anion through redox cycling.	Superoxides	39-55	dicarbonyl and L-xylulose reductase	Homo sapiens	0-2
18507034-12	2008	CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that up-regulation of caveolin-1 by rosiglitazone requires superoxide formation and the activation of Src, EGFR, and the Mek1-Erk1/2 and p38 MAP kinase pathways.	Superoxides	93-103	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	56-66
18096828-4	2008	CRP significantly decreased the expression of ATP-binding membrane cassette transporter A-1 (ABCA1) and ABCG1, whereas it increased superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	132-148	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	0-3
18096828-6	2008	Reducing superoxide anion by antioxidant seleno-L-methionine or SOD mimetic (MnTBAP) effectively abolished the CRP-induced decrease in cholesterol efflux and the expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1.	Superoxides	9-25	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	111-114
18096828-6	2008	Reducing superoxide anion by antioxidant seleno-L-methionine or SOD mimetic (MnTBAP) effectively abolished the CRP-induced decrease in cholesterol efflux and the expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1.	Superoxides	9-25	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 1	Homo sapiens	186-191
17994107-1	2008	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To analyse the influence of hypertension in the modulation induced by inducible NOS (iNOS)-derived NO and superoxide anion (O(2) (*-)) of vasoconstrictor responses and the sources of O(2) (*-) implicated.	Superoxides	148-152	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	109-113
17994107-1	2008	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To analyse the influence of hypertension in the modulation induced by inducible NOS (iNOS)-derived NO and superoxide anion (O(2) (*-)) of vasoconstrictor responses and the sources of O(2) (*-) implicated.	Superoxides	207-211	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	94-107
17994107-1	2008	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To analyse the influence of hypertension in the modulation induced by inducible NOS (iNOS)-derived NO and superoxide anion (O(2) (*-)) of vasoconstrictor responses and the sources of O(2) (*-) implicated.	Superoxides	207-211	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	109-113
17994107-8	2008	CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Increased O(2) (*-) formation from NADP(H) oxidase in vessels from hypertensive rats contributes to the vasoconstrictor responses and counteract the increase of NO from iNOS and the consequent modulation of these responses.	Superoxides	40-49	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	199-203
18250367-3	2008	Therefore, we hypothesized that NADPH oxidase/superoxide and RhoA/Rho kinase are downstream components of the signal transduction pathway that mediate the interaction between alpha(2)-adrenoceptors and angiotensin II on renal vascular resistance.	Superoxides	46-56	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	202-216
18250367-7	2008	In cultured preglomerular vascular smooth muscle cells, UK14,304 enhanced angiotensin II-induced intracellular superoxide (2-hydroxyethidium production) and potentiated activation of RhoA (Western blot of activated RhoA bound to the binding domain of rhotekin).	Superoxides	111-121	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	74-88
18250367-8	2008	The interaction between angiotensin II and UK14,304 on superoxide generation and RhoA activation was blocked by inhibitors of phospholipase C (U73312), protein kinase C (GF109203X), c-src (PP1), NADPH oxidase (diphenyleneiodonium), or superoxide (Tempol).	Superoxides	55-65	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	24-38
18250367-8	2008	The interaction between angiotensin II and UK14,304 on superoxide generation and RhoA activation was blocked by inhibitors of phospholipase C (U73312), protein kinase C (GF109203X), c-src (PP1), NADPH oxidase (diphenyleneiodonium), or superoxide (Tempol).	Superoxides	55-65	neuropeptide Y receptor Y4	Rattus norvegicus	189-192
18292807-7	2008	Thus, p22(phox) represents a shared and essential component of at least 2 superoxide-producing cytochromes with entirely different biological functions.	Superoxides	74-84	dynein cytoplasmic 1 heavy chain 1	Mus musculus	6-9
18073186-4	2008	We found that the HO-1 upregulation was significantly associated with increased nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) activation, manifested as IkappaBalpha phosphorylation and p65 nuclear translocation, as well as increased production of superoxides.	Superoxides	236-247	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	18-22
18073186-5	2008	Inhibition of the induced HO-1 by zinc protoporphyrin reduced the increased NF-kappaB activation and superoxides production.	Superoxides	101-112	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	26-30
18073186-10	2008	This study revealed that simvastatin-induced HO-1 led to increased NF-kappaB activation and superoxides production in the neuronal cells when exposed to LPS, and iron production may play a role in such a response.	Superoxides	92-103	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	45-49
18166194-0	2008	Changes in the ratio between FPR and FPRL1 triggered superoxide production in human neutrophils-a tool in analysing receptor specific events.	Superoxides	53-63	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	29-32
18166194-1	2008	Neutrophils express the G protein-coupled N-formyl peptide receptor (FPR) as well as its closely related homologue, formyl peptide like receptor 1 (FPRL1), and activation of these receptors induce a release of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	210-227	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	42-67
18166194-1	2008	Neutrophils express the G protein-coupled N-formyl peptide receptor (FPR) as well as its closely related homologue, formyl peptide like receptor 1 (FPRL1), and activation of these receptors induce a release of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	210-227	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	69-72
18045581-4	2008	The results showed that the treatment of SNE significantly lowered the CCl4-induced serum levels of hepatic enzyme markers (GOT, GPT, ALP, and total bilirubin), superoxide and hydroxyl radical.	Superoxides	161-171	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Rattus norvegicus	71-75
18083891-0	2008	Mitochondrial metabolism, redox signaling, and fusion: a mitochondria-ROS-HIF-1alpha-Kv1.5 O2-sensing pathway at the intersection of pulmonary hypertension and cancer.	Superoxides	91-93	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	74-84
17988652-0	2008	(2R,3R)-2-(3",4"-dihydroxybenzyl)-3-(3"",4""-dimethoxybenzyl)butyrolactone suppresses fMLP-induced superoxide production by inhibiting fMLP-receptor binding in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	99-109	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	86-90
17988652-0	2008	(2R,3R)-2-(3",4"-dihydroxybenzyl)-3-(3"",4""-dimethoxybenzyl)butyrolactone suppresses fMLP-induced superoxide production by inhibiting fMLP-receptor binding in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	99-109	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	135-148
17988652-2	2008	Human neutrophils were stimulated with fMLP (1 microM), PMA (100 nM) or leukotriene B(4) (LTB(4); 1 microM) and induced superoxide anion release.	Superoxides	120-136	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	39-43
17988652-3	2008	PP-6 specifically inhibited fMLP-induced superoxide anion production in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC(50) value of 0.3+/-0.1 microM.	Superoxides	41-57	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
17988652-11	2008	Additionally, the inhibiting effect of PP-6 on fMLP-induced superoxide anion was reversed when PP-6 was washed out.	Superoxides	60-76	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	47-51
17845735-3	2008	PMN, isolated from blood from healthy subjects, were tested upon activation with 1 microm- n-formyl-methyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) for superoxide anion production (ferric cytochrome c reduction) and released elastase (chromogenic test).	Superoxides	139-155	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	129-133
17845735-3	2008	PMN, isolated from blood from healthy subjects, were tested upon activation with 1 microm- n-formyl-methyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) for superoxide anion production (ferric cytochrome c reduction) and released elastase (chromogenic test).	Superoxides	139-155	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	175-187
18077603-3	2008	Cells exhibiting angiotensin II-induced mtDNA damage showed two phases of superoxide generation, the first derived from NAD(P)H oxidase and the second of mitochondrial origin, whereas cells prevented from experiencing mtDNA damage importantly exhibited only the first phase.	Superoxides	74-84	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	17-31
17999630-3	2008	The superoxide dismutases (SOD) are a family of enzymes that play a pivotal role protecting tissues from damage by oxidant stress by scavenging superoxide anion, which prevents the formation of other more potent oxidants such as peroxynitrite and hydroxyl radical.	Superoxides	144-160	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	27-30
20103895-1	2008	SDHC E69 cells, which overproduce superoxide anions in their mitochondria, were previously established that had a mutation in the SDHC gene of complex II of the respiratory chain.	Superoxides	34-51	succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit C, integral membrane protein	Mus musculus	0-4
20103895-1	2008	SDHC E69 cells, which overproduce superoxide anions in their mitochondria, were previously established that had a mutation in the SDHC gene of complex II of the respiratory chain.	Superoxides	34-51	succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit C, integral membrane protein	Mus musculus	130-134
20103895-3	2008	Cytoplasmic cytochrome c release from mitochondria was significantly elevated in SDHC E69 cells and was likely caused by superoxide anion overproduction from mitochondria.	Superoxides	121-137	succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit C, integral membrane protein	Mus musculus	81-85
18360051-2	2008	Angiotensin II (Ang II) induces production of NAD(P)H oxidase-dependent superoxide in vascular and mesangial cells, but the direct role of Ang II in glomerular superoxide production remains unknown.	Superoxides	72-82	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
18360051-2	2008	Angiotensin II (Ang II) induces production of NAD(P)H oxidase-dependent superoxide in vascular and mesangial cells, but the direct role of Ang II in glomerular superoxide production remains unknown.	Superoxides	72-82	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	16-22
18219391-2	2008	SOD1 is a cytosolic enzyme that facilitates the conversion of superoxide (O(2)(*-)) to H(2)O(2).	Superoxides	62-72	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	0-4
18006643-4	2008	Small-molecule Gbetagamma inhibitors suppressed fMLP-stimulated Rac activation, superoxide production, and PI3-kinase activation in differentiated HL60 cells.	Superoxides	80-90	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
18201674-1	2008	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD) is the major extracellular scavenger of superoxide (O(2)(.-)) and a main regulator of nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity in the blood vessel wall, heart, lungs, kidney, and placenta.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-41
18201674-1	2008	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD) is the major extracellular scavenger of superoxide (O(2)(.-)) and a main regulator of nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity in the blood vessel wall, heart, lungs, kidney, and placenta.	Superoxides	95-99	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	0-34
18201674-1	2008	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD) is the major extracellular scavenger of superoxide (O(2)(.-)) and a main regulator of nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity in the blood vessel wall, heart, lungs, kidney, and placenta.	Superoxides	95-99	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-41
17977731-8	2008	We also observed that eupafolin can undergo oxidation catalyzed by EDTA-Fe, promoting cytochrome c reduction in the presence of NADH, resulting in the production of the superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	169-187	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	86-98
18083891-0	2008	Mitochondrial metabolism, redox signaling, and fusion: a mitochondria-ROS-HIF-1alpha-Kv1.5 O2-sensing pathway at the intersection of pulmonary hypertension and cancer.	Superoxides	91-93	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 5	Homo sapiens	85-90
18083891-6	2008	Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) converts intramitochondrial superoxide to diffusible H(2)O(2), which serves as a redox-signaling molecule, regulating pulmonary vascular tone and structure through effects on Kv1.5 and transcription factors.	Superoxides	58-68	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 5	Homo sapiens	205-210
18083891-7	2008	O(2) sensing is mediated by this mitochondria-ROS-HIF-1alpha-Kv1.5 pathway.	Superoxides	0-4	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	50-60
18083891-7	2008	O(2) sensing is mediated by this mitochondria-ROS-HIF-1alpha-Kv1.5 pathway.	Superoxides	0-4	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 5	Homo sapiens	61-66
17967787-5	2008	Inhibiting hemin-induced ERK-1/2 activation by U0126 (MAPK-inhibitor), the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine, the NADPH oxidase inhibitors apocynin and diphenyleneiodonium chloride, the superoxide scavenger tiron, or tricarbonyldichlororuthenium(II)-dimer (carbon-monoxide donor; CORM-2) blocked hemin-induced Egr-1 expression.	Superoxides	182-192	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	25-32
18360051-2	2008	Angiotensin II (Ang II) induces production of NAD(P)H oxidase-dependent superoxide in vascular and mesangial cells, but the direct role of Ang II in glomerular superoxide production remains unknown.	Superoxides	160-170	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
17975109-4	2008	Bradykinin induced vascular superoxide and H2O2 production in an endothelium-dependent manner and elicited a concentration-dependent dilation that was reduced by catalase but not by 14,15-epoxyeicosa-5(Z)-enoic acid (EEZE), 6-(2-propargyloxyphenyl)hexanoic acid, sulfaphenazole, or iberiotoxin.	Superoxides	28-38	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	0-10
18360051-2	2008	Angiotensin II (Ang II) induces production of NAD(P)H oxidase-dependent superoxide in vascular and mesangial cells, but the direct role of Ang II in glomerular superoxide production remains unknown.	Superoxides	160-170	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	16-22
18360051-3	2008	Here we examined the effect of Ang II on superoxide production both ex vivo and in vivo.	Superoxides	41-51	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	31-37
17981802-0	2008	Mechanism of angiotensin II-induced superoxide production in cells reconstituted with angiotensin type 1 receptor and the components of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	36-46	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	13-27
17981802-1	2008	The mechanism of angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced superoxide production was investigated with HEK293 or Chinese hamster ovary cells reconstituted with the angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT(1)R) and NADPH oxidase (either Nox1 or Nox2) along with a pair of adaptor subunits (either NOXO1 with NOXA1 or p47(phox) with p67(phox)).	Superoxides	49-59	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	17-31
17981802-1	2008	The mechanism of angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced superoxide production was investigated with HEK293 or Chinese hamster ovary cells reconstituted with the angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT(1)R) and NADPH oxidase (either Nox1 or Nox2) along with a pair of adaptor subunits (either NOXO1 with NOXA1 or p47(phox) with p67(phox)).	Superoxides	49-59	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	33-39
17981802-5	2008	A contribution of Galpha(12/13), phospholipase D, and phosphatidyl-inositol 3-kinase to Ang II-induced superoxide generation was also suggested, whereas Src and the epidermal growth factor receptor did not appear to participate in this effect of Ang II.	Superoxides	103-113	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	88-94
18091741-7	2008	Nuclear translocation of NFkappaB (p65) was noted within 5 min of exposure to H(2)O(2) and at least 15 min after exposure to superoxide or BSO.	Superoxides	125-135	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	25-33
18360051-4	2008	Ang II increased superoxide generation in isolated normal glomeruli in a dose-dependent manner, and co-incubation with olmesartan, an angiotensin type 1 receptor blocker, suppressed such increase.	Superoxides	17-27	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
18360051-12	2008	These results indicate that Ang II directly induced superoxide production through activation of NAD(P)H oxidase, and olmesartan would inhibit superoxide production and oxidative stress independent of its blood pressure-lowering effect.	Superoxides	52-62	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	28-34
17942638-4	2008	Furthermore, we found that these increases in FGF-2 expression were mediated by increases in superoxide levels via NADPH oxidase activation.	Superoxides	93-103	fibroblast growth factor 2	Homo sapiens	46-51
17988660-1	2008	OBJECTIVES: Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a key antioxidant enzyme, responsible for scavenging of superoxide anion - a precursor of all reactive oxygen species (ROS).	Superoxides	98-114	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	12-32
18382884-4	2008	Superoxide produced by the NADPH oxidase may react with NO released by the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) thereby generating peroxynitrite (ONOO-), leading to eNOS uncoupling and therefore eNOS-mediated superoxide production.	Superoxides	0-10	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	75-108
18382884-4	2008	Superoxide produced by the NADPH oxidase may react with NO released by the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) thereby generating peroxynitrite (ONOO-), leading to eNOS uncoupling and therefore eNOS-mediated superoxide production.	Superoxides	213-223	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	75-108
17988660-1	2008	OBJECTIVES: Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a key antioxidant enzyme, responsible for scavenging of superoxide anion - a precursor of all reactive oxygen species (ROS).	Superoxides	98-114	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	34-37
18328147-4	2008	When challenged with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), RA neutrophils exhibited reduced responses to these cytokines, which included O2- release, adherence, priming for enhanced O2- release, and phosphorylation of ERK and p38.	Superoxides	271-273	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	107-134
18328147-4	2008	When challenged with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), RA neutrophils exhibited reduced responses to these cytokines, which included O2- release, adherence, priming for enhanced O2- release, and phosphorylation of ERK and p38.	Superoxides	271-273	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	136-145
18328147-4	2008	When challenged with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), RA neutrophils exhibited reduced responses to these cytokines, which included O2- release, adherence, priming for enhanced O2- release, and phosphorylation of ERK and p38.	Superoxides	226-228	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	107-134
18328147-4	2008	When challenged with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), RA neutrophils exhibited reduced responses to these cytokines, which included O2- release, adherence, priming for enhanced O2- release, and phosphorylation of ERK and p38.	Superoxides	226-228	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	136-145
18289003-3	2008	Reactive oxygen species (ROS) (e.g., superoxide, peroxynitrite, hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide) are all potential reactants capable of initiating DNA single strand breakage, with subsequent activation of the nuclear enzyme poly (ADP ribose) synthetase (PARS), leading to eventual severe energy depletion of the cells, and necrotic-type cell death.	Superoxides	37-47	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	231-259
18504401-6	2008	Superoxide generation was quantitated with the cytochrome C reduction method.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	47-59
17901229-6	2008	In situ detection of O(2)(-) production showed a significant elevation at 1-2 h after pMCAO in the ischemic cortex with enhanced oxidative damage detected at 24 h. ERK activation may be downstream of free radicals, a suggestion supported by the findings that cells positive for O(2)(-) had high pERK activation and that a superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic, tempol, significantly attenuated pERK activation after MCAO.	Superoxides	21-25	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	164-167
17901229-6	2008	In situ detection of O(2)(-) production showed a significant elevation at 1-2 h after pMCAO in the ischemic cortex with enhanced oxidative damage detected at 24 h. ERK activation may be downstream of free radicals, a suggestion supported by the findings that cells positive for O(2)(-) had high pERK activation and that a superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic, tempol, significantly attenuated pERK activation after MCAO.	Superoxides	278-282	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	164-167
17996868-0	2008	Endothelin-1 (ET-1) causes death of retinal neurons through activation of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and production of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	120-136	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-12
17996868-0	2008	Endothelin-1 (ET-1) causes death of retinal neurons through activation of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and production of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	120-136	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	14-18
17996868-3	2008	In the present study, we evaluated the effect of ET-1 on death of retinal neurons consisting mainly of amacrine cells, and its interaction with nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and superoxide production.	Superoxides	176-186	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	49-53
17996868-11	2008	The intracellular superoxide and peroxynitrite levels were also significantly increased 24h after incubation with 100nM of ET-1, and this elevation was suppressed by SOD and L-NAME.	Superoxides	18-28	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	123-127
17996868-13	2008	These results indicate that the neuronal death caused by ET-1 is most likely mediated by the activation of NOS in association with the formation of superoxides and peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	148-159	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	57-61
18036868-1	2008	The NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) oxidase (NOX) of "professional" phagocytic cells transfers electrons across the wall of the phagocytic vacuole, forming superoxide in the lumen.	Superoxides	176-186	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	11-63
18358763-1	2008	Complex I, i.e. proton-pumping NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, is an essential component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain but produces superoxide as a side-reaction.	Superoxides	138-148	crystallin zeta	Rattus norvegicus	36-58
17891450-8	2008	These findings demonstrate that D3T reacts with thiols, particularly a dithiol, generating superoxide, which may provide a mechanistic explanation for induction of Nrf2-dependent phase 2 enzymes by D3T.	Superoxides	91-101	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	164-168
18160945-2	2008	Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) are the main enzymes responsible for the detoxification of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	119-135	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	33-53
18160945-2	2008	Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) are the main enzymes responsible for the detoxification of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	119-135	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	55-58
19013355-13	2008	Selenium induces apoptosis by producing superoxide that activates p53.	Superoxides	40-50	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	66-69
18289643-11	2008	The involvement of the PI3 kinase/Akt pathway in neutrophil superoxide production was revealed by using LY294002 in isolated neutrophils/platelets experiments, as well as during whole blood aggregation-mediated neutrophil-platelet conjugation.	Superoxides	60-70	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	34-37
18063869-2	2008	Erythrocyte catalase (CAT) and cellular glutathione peroxidase (c-GPx) are antioxidant enzymes that detoxify peroxides generated from dismutation of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	149-165	catalase	Homo sapiens	12-20
18063869-2	2008	Erythrocyte catalase (CAT) and cellular glutathione peroxidase (c-GPx) are antioxidant enzymes that detoxify peroxides generated from dismutation of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	149-165	catalase	Homo sapiens	22-25
17920716-7	2008	This finding should be useful for our understanding of the response of NO and free radicals such as *OH and O(2)(-) in the mPFC after central and peripheral administration of IL-1beta.	Superoxides	108-113	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	175-183
18925374-11	2008	The fifth section of this chapter briefly summarizes three different cellular processes in which CRN4/CORO1A is involved, namely actin-binding, superoxide generation and Ca(2+)-signaling and refers to the largely unexplored mammalian coronins CRN5/CORO2A and CRN6/CORO2B, the latter binding to vinculin.	Superoxides	144-154	coronin 1A	Homo sapiens	102-108
18056392-6	2007	Engagement of CD66b, but not CD66a, by mAb or a natural ligand, galectin-3, activated a Src kinase family molecule, hemopoietic cell kinase (Hck), and induced cellular adhesion, superoxide production, and degranulation of eosinophils.	Superoxides	178-188	CEA cell adhesion molecule 8	Homo sapiens	14-19
18374196-5	2008	Upon treatment of ovarian cancer TYK-nu cells with vitamin K2, superoxide is produced after two to three days, followed shortly thereafter by release of mitochondrial cytochrome c.	Superoxides	63-73	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	167-179
18374196-7	2008	Data suggest that superoxide production might cause damage to mitochondrial membranes, open permeability transition pores, and result in disruption of DeltaPsim with subsequent release of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	18-28	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	188-200
18160853-3	2007	Considering previous observation of superoxide generation by Ca2+ influx through P2X7R in microglia, we hypothesized that ROS production in fAbeta-stimulated microglia might be mediated by ATP released from the microglia.	Superoxides	36-46	purinergic receptor P2X 7	Homo sapiens	81-86
17962626-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that IL-6 mediates the increases in superoxide, vascular hypertrophy, and endothelial dysfunction in response to angiotensin II (Ang II).	Superoxides	97-107	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	66-70
17883332-6	2007	Selective expression of HO-1 prevented TNF- and hyperglycemia-mediated superoxide (O2-) formation, DNA degeneration, and upregulation of caspase, but increased the expression of pAkt and Bcl-xL, proteins responsible for endothelial dysfunction in diabetes.	Superoxides	71-81	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	39-42
17883332-6	2007	Selective expression of HO-1 prevented TNF- and hyperglycemia-mediated superoxide (O2-) formation, DNA degeneration, and upregulation of caspase, but increased the expression of pAkt and Bcl-xL, proteins responsible for endothelial dysfunction in diabetes.	Superoxides	83-85	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	39-42
17977674-4	2007	SIN-1(3-morpholino-sydnonimine), which leads to the simultaneous generation of superoxide anion and NO, and then forms the highly reactive species ONOO(-), induced a dose-dependent inhibition in amplitudes of transient potassium currents (I(A)) and delayed rectifier potassium currents (I(K)).	Superoxides	79-95	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
17827253-6	2007	We found that overexpression of HSP90 significantly increased the shear-stimulated association of HSP90 with eNOS and led to significant increases in NO production and reduced NOS-dependent superoxide generation.	Superoxides	190-200	NOS type III	Ovis aries	109-113
17827253-9	2007	Our data indicate that HSP90-eNOS interactions were decreased in shunt lambs and that this was associated with decreased NO generation and an increase in eNOS-dependent generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	183-193	NOS type III	Ovis aries	29-33
17827253-9	2007	Our data indicate that HSP90-eNOS interactions were decreased in shunt lambs and that this was associated with decreased NO generation and an increase in eNOS-dependent generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	183-193	NOS type III	Ovis aries	154-158
17827253-10	2007	Together, our data support a significant role for HSP90 in promoting NO generation and inhibiting superoxide generation by eNOS and indicate that the disruption of this interaction may be involved in the endothelial dysfunction associated with pulmonary hypertension.	Superoxides	98-108	NOS type III	Ovis aries	123-127
17962626-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that IL-6 mediates the increases in superoxide, vascular hypertrophy, and endothelial dysfunction in response to angiotensin II (Ang II).	Superoxides	97-107	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	174-188
17962626-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that IL-6 mediates the increases in superoxide, vascular hypertrophy, and endothelial dysfunction in response to angiotensin II (Ang II).	Superoxides	97-107	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	190-196
17962626-7	2007	CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate that IL-6 is essential for Ang II-induced increases in superoxide, endothelial dysfunction, and vascular hypertrophy.	Superoxides	91-101	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	41-45
17962626-7	2007	CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate that IL-6 is essential for Ang II-induced increases in superoxide, endothelial dysfunction, and vascular hypertrophy.	Superoxides	91-101	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	63-69
17893865-5	2007	For example, 1"-acetoxychavicol acetate, which occurs in the rhizomes of the subtropical Zingiberaceae plant, has been shown to attenuate NOX-derived superoxide generation in macrophages, as well as lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide and prostaglandin E(2) production through the suppression of iNOS and COX-2 synthesis, respectively.	Superoxides	150-160	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	300-304
17989922-0	2007	The interaction of superoxide with nitric oxide destabilizes hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha.	Superoxides	19-29	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	61-92
17989922-4	2007	A prerequisite for O(2)(-) in combination with NO to destabilize HIF-1alpha was corroborated in RCC4-rho0 cells, when the redox cycler 2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone was used as a source of superoxide.	Superoxides	19-24	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	65-75
17989922-4	2007	A prerequisite for O(2)(-) in combination with NO to destabilize HIF-1alpha was corroborated in RCC4-rho0 cells, when the redox cycler 2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone was used as a source of superoxide.	Superoxides	192-202	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	65-75
17927981-3	2007	We demonstrate that overexpression of SOD2 decreases superoxide (O(2)(-)) in cultured primary dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons and subsequently blocks caspase-3 activation and cellular injury.	Superoxides	53-63	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	38-42
17927981-3	2007	We demonstrate that overexpression of SOD2 decreases superoxide (O(2)(-)) in cultured primary dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons and subsequently blocks caspase-3 activation and cellular injury.	Superoxides	65-69	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	38-42
17927981-4	2007	Underexpression of SOD2 in dissociated DRG cultures from adult SOD2(+/-) mice results in increased levels of O2-, activation of caspase-3 cleavage and decreased neurite outgrowth under basal conditions that are exacerbated by hyperglycemia.	Superoxides	109-111	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	19-23
18344628-1	2007	Elevated superoxide formation in cardiac extracts of apolipoprotein E-knockout (apoE-KO) mice has been reported.	Superoxides	9-19	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	53-69
18344628-1	2007	Elevated superoxide formation in cardiac extracts of apolipoprotein E-knockout (apoE-KO) mice has been reported.	Superoxides	9-19	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	80-84
17256105-8	2007	This result may provide further support to the idea that AFP is a bifunctional protein, acting in cellular defence against oxidative stress both as a copper buffer and as a superoxide radical scavenger.	Superoxides	173-183	alpha fetoprotein	Homo sapiens	57-60
17893865-5	2007	For example, 1"-acetoxychavicol acetate, which occurs in the rhizomes of the subtropical Zingiberaceae plant, has been shown to attenuate NOX-derived superoxide generation in macrophages, as well as lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide and prostaglandin E(2) production through the suppression of iNOS and COX-2 synthesis, respectively.	Superoxides	150-160	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	309-314
17653758-4	2007	Superoxide production and NOX activity were inhibited by diphenylene iodonium chloride, a specific inhibitor of NOX, which in turn effectively inhibited wound-healing and increased susceptibility to microbial infection and decay in 1-month-old tubers.	Superoxides	0-10	respiratory burst oxidase homolog protein D	Solanum tuberosum	112-115
17942113-6	2007	Pretreatment with sepiapterin, a BH4 precursor, prevented CRP-mediated effects on BH(4) levels, superoxide production as well as eNOS activity.	Superoxides	96-106	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	58-61
17942113-10	2007	Furthermore, CRP-induced O(2)(-) production was reversed by pharmacologic inhibition and siRNAs to p47 phox and p22 phox.	Superoxides	25-32	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	13-16
17942113-12	2007	The pretreatment of cells with NO synthase inhibitor (N-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester [l-NAME]) also prevented CRP-mediated O(2)(-) production further strengthening CRP-mediated eNOS uncoupling.	Superoxides	124-128	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	111-114
17942113-12	2007	The pretreatment of cells with NO synthase inhibitor (N-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester [l-NAME]) also prevented CRP-mediated O(2)(-) production further strengthening CRP-mediated eNOS uncoupling.	Superoxides	124-128	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	165-168
17942113-15	2007	To conclude, CRP uncouples eNOS resulting in increased superoxide production, decreased NO production and altered eNOS phosphorylation.	Superoxides	55-65	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	13-16
17884970-6	2007	Vascular production of superoxide radicals and the expression of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase subunits were decreased in APJ(-/-)ApoE(-/-) mice compared with APJ(+/+)ApoE(-/-) mice fed a standard normal diet.	Superoxides	23-33	apelin receptor	Mus musculus	144-147
17826739-7	2007	On further investigation, we found that OsAPX1-, OsAPX2-, and OsSodB-scavenging free-oxygen radicals, such as superoxide (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), could be induced in AtNDPK2-overexpressed rice plants.	Superoxides	110-120	nucleoside diphosphate kinase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	181-188
17826739-7	2007	On further investigation, we found that OsAPX1-, OsAPX2-, and OsSodB-scavenging free-oxygen radicals, such as superoxide (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), could be induced in AtNDPK2-overexpressed rice plants.	Superoxides	122-124	nucleoside diphosphate kinase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	181-188
17873009-8	2007	Sorbitol significantly increased arterial superoxide production detected by lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence, which was inhibited by SOD plus CAT.	Superoxides	42-52	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	137-140
17873009-8	2007	Sorbitol significantly increased arterial superoxide production detected by lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence, which was inhibited by SOD plus CAT.	Superoxides	42-52	catalase	Homo sapiens	146-149
17873019-10	2007	The decreased superoxide production was associated with significant increases in CuZn-SOD and extracellular SOD protein expressions and total SOD activity.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	81-111
17873019-10	2007	The decreased superoxide production was associated with significant increases in CuZn-SOD and extracellular SOD protein expressions and total SOD activity.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	86-89
17678635-11	2007	Treatment with a SOD mimetic compound, MnTBAP, prevented superoxide-induced cardiac pathological changes in PPARgamma knockout mice.	Superoxides	57-67	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	17-20
17854274-0	2007	MKK6 phosphorylation regulates production of superoxide by enhancing Rac GTPase activity.	Superoxides	45-55	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6	Homo sapiens	0-4
17223222-5	2007	PM vesicles were isolated from roots, and NADPH oxidase activity was determined by measuring superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) production.	Superoxides	93-109	respiratory burst oxidase homolog protein A	Triticum aestivum	42-55
17698051-1	2007	Peptide hormone Angiotensin II (Ang II) activates NAD(P)H oxidase, via AT1 receptors leading to increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as the superoxide anion (O(2)(-)).	Superoxides	163-179	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	16-30
17698051-1	2007	Peptide hormone Angiotensin II (Ang II) activates NAD(P)H oxidase, via AT1 receptors leading to increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as the superoxide anion (O(2)(-)).	Superoxides	163-179	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	32-38
17698051-1	2007	Peptide hormone Angiotensin II (Ang II) activates NAD(P)H oxidase, via AT1 receptors leading to increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as the superoxide anion (O(2)(-)).	Superoxides	181-185	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	16-30
17698051-1	2007	Peptide hormone Angiotensin II (Ang II) activates NAD(P)H oxidase, via AT1 receptors leading to increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as the superoxide anion (O(2)(-)).	Superoxides	181-185	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	32-38
17704302-8	2007	In addition, we found that in parallel with the restoration of decreased S-nitrosylation of NF-kappaB, high glucose-induced NF-kappaB activation was blocked by the superoxide inhibitors.	Superoxides	164-174	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	92-101
17704302-8	2007	In addition, we found that in parallel with the restoration of decreased S-nitrosylation of NF-kappaB, high glucose-induced NF-kappaB activation was blocked by the superoxide inhibitors.	Superoxides	164-174	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	124-133
17975262-1	2007	Angiotensin II (Ang II) highly stimulates superoxide anion production by neutrophils.	Superoxides	42-58	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-22
17223222-5	2007	PM vesicles were isolated from roots, and NADPH oxidase activity was determined by measuring superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) production.	Superoxides	111-116	respiratory burst oxidase homolog protein A	Triticum aestivum	42-55
17686539-6	2007	It was also reported that UCP1, 2 and 3 responses to superoxide application were an antioxidant protective mechanism.	Superoxides	53-63	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	26-39
17712041-3	2007	To protect endothelium against superoxide attack, we designed and tested antibody-directed targeting of superoxide dismutase (SOD) to the endothelial surface determinant, platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM)-1.	Superoxides	31-41	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	104-124
17712041-3	2007	To protect endothelium against superoxide attack, we designed and tested antibody-directed targeting of superoxide dismutase (SOD) to the endothelial surface determinant, platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM)-1.	Superoxides	31-41	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	126-129
17712041-4	2007	We synthesized anti-PECAM/SOD conjugates that retained 70% of enzymatic activity (superoxide anion dismutation) and specifically bound to endothelial cells, but not PECAM-negative cells.	Superoxides	82-98	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	26-29
17712041-6	2007	In the first model, anti-PECAM/SOD, but not unconjugated SOD, protected endothelial cells against injury caused by superoxide produced in the medium by hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase.	Superoxides	115-125	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	31-34
17712041-8	2007	In the second model, anti-PECAM/SOD at the optimal dose provided complete protection against necrosis caused by paraquat-induced intracellular superoxide generation.	Superoxides	143-153	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	32-35
17719272-6	2007	PVN microinjection of tempol decreased superoxide anion and MDA levels, but epicardial application of bradykinin or PVN microinjection of angiotensin II increased superoxide anion and MDA to higher levels in CHF rats than in sham-operated rats.	Superoxides	163-179	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	138-152
17991144-8	2007	RESULTS: We found that human C5a was able to induce chemotaxis, superoxide generation, actin cytoskeletal change, and intracellular calcium mobilization in porcine PMNs.	Superoxides	64-74	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	29-32
17875351-7	2007	The present study showed that the signal intensity of superoxide adduct was increased by 20mg/kg of methamphetamine in the heart and lungs, and methamphetamine plus morphine tended to increase superoxide adduct in all of the tissues measured by ESR spin trap methods.	Superoxides	54-64	esterase 5 regulator	Mus musculus	245-248
17937792-1	2007	BACKGROUND: Human extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is a tetrameric metalloenzyme responsible for the removal of superoxide anions from the extracellular space.	Superoxides	123-140	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	18-52
17937792-1	2007	BACKGROUND: Human extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is a tetrameric metalloenzyme responsible for the removal of superoxide anions from the extracellular space.	Superoxides	123-140	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	54-60
17717013-13	2007	Superoxide was increased in aorta (measured using lucigenin and hydroethidine) after LPS, and levels of superoxide were significantly reduced following ECSOD but not ECSOD(R213G).	Superoxides	104-114	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	152-157
17717013-14	2007	Thus, ECSOD reduces superoxide and improves relaxation to acetylcholine in the aorta after LPS, while the ECSOD variant R213G had minimal effect.	Superoxides	20-30	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	6-11
19093460-2	2007	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) catalyzes the conversion of superoxide radical to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and molecular oxygen (O2) thus providing a biological defense against oxygen toxicity.	Superoxides	55-73	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
19093460-2	2007	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) catalyzes the conversion of superoxide radical to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and molecular oxygen (O2) thus providing a biological defense against oxygen toxicity.	Superoxides	55-73	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
17616751-7	2007	Furthermore, three different inhibitors of NO synthase suppressed, in a dose-dependent manner, ANG II-induced MAP kinase phosphorylation in rat vascular smooth muscle cells, which was closely linked to superoxide generation in cells.	Superoxides	202-212	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	95-101
17652361-1	2007	We studied whether angiotensin II (ANG II) via superoxide may contribute to retinal leukostasis and thus to the pathogenesis of retinopathies.	Superoxides	47-57	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	19-33
17652361-1	2007	We studied whether angiotensin II (ANG II) via superoxide may contribute to retinal leukostasis and thus to the pathogenesis of retinopathies.	Superoxides	47-57	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	35-41
17652361-7	2007	In addition, incubation of dihydroethidium-loaded retina sections with ANG II caused marked increase in superoxide formation.	Superoxides	104-114	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	71-77
17652361-10	2007	Thus increases in intravitreal ANG II can induce retinal leukostasis, which appears to be mediated via increasing superoxide generation by NAD(P)H oxidase, and by VEGF.	Superoxides	114-124	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	31-37
17928673-2	2007	Because it had some advantages in stability and reactivity over conventional spin-trapping agents, we applied it to the ESR analyses of superoxide anion radical scavenging activity (SOSA) of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and of well-known natural antioxidants (green tea, oolong tea, and red wine).	Superoxides	136-160	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	191-211
17928673-2	2007	Because it had some advantages in stability and reactivity over conventional spin-trapping agents, we applied it to the ESR analyses of superoxide anion radical scavenging activity (SOSA) of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and of well-known natural antioxidants (green tea, oolong tea, and red wine).	Superoxides	136-160	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	213-216
17685851-1	2007	Besides nitric oxide (NO), NO synthases (NOS) also produce superoxide ((*)O(2)()), a primary reactive oxygen species involved in both cell injury and signaling.	Superoxides	59-69	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	27-39
17692291-3	2007	We have compared the effects of piroxicam on superoxide production mediated by two closely related G-protein coupled receptors expressed on neutrophils, the formyl peptide receptor (FPR) and the formyl peptide receptor like 1 (FPRL1).	Superoxides	45-55	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	157-180
17692291-5	2007	Piroxicam reduced the neutrophil superoxide production induced by the FPR agonist but had no significant effect on the FPRL1 induced response.	Superoxides	33-43	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	70-73
17822438-0	2007	Myocyte enhancer factor 2B is involved in the inducible expression of NOX1/NADPH oxidase, a vascular superoxide-producing enzyme.	Superoxides	101-111	myocyte enhancer factor 2B	Rattus norvegicus	0-26
17822438-8	2007	These results indicate that superoxide production in vascular smooth muscle cells is regulated by the ATF-1-MEF2B cascade by induction of the expression of the NOX1 gene.	Superoxides	28-38	myocyte enhancer factor 2B	Rattus norvegicus	108-113
17559999-6	2007	In the absence of metals, quercetin protects SH-groups of GAPDH from oxidation by the superoxide anion generated by the system containing xanthine/xanthine oxidase.	Superoxides	86-102	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	58-63
17761303-10	2007	EPR spin trapping experiments using DMPO show that PPD inhibits the superoxide radical scavenging activity of oxidized cyt c.	Superoxides	68-78	argonaute RISC catalytic component 2	Homo sapiens	51-54
17761303-10	2007	EPR spin trapping experiments using DMPO show that PPD inhibits the superoxide radical scavenging activity of oxidized cyt c.	Superoxides	68-78	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	119-124
17654704-0	2007	MAC1 mediates LPS-induced production of superoxide by microglia: the role of pattern recognition receptors in dopaminergic neurotoxicity.	Superoxides	40-50	integrin alpha M	Mus musculus	0-4
17654704-2	2007	Using neuron-glia and microglia-enriched cultures from mice deficient in the MAC1 receptor (MAC1-/-), we demonstrate that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment results in lower TNFalpha response, attenuated loss of DA neurons, and absence of extracellular superoxide production in MAC1-/- cultures.	Superoxides	253-263	integrin alpha M	Mus musculus	77-81
17654704-7	2007	Together, these data demonstrate that MAC1 is essential for LPS-induced superoxide from microglia, implicating MAC1 as a critical trigger of microglial-derived oxidative stress during inflammation-mediated neurodegeneration.	Superoxides	72-82	integrin alpha M	Mus musculus	38-42
17664391-5	2007	Angiotensin II induced B1 receptor expression in the aorta and increased significantly systolic blood pressure, superoxide anion, and the nuclear factor kappaB activity.	Superoxides	112-128	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
17664391-9	2007	These results provide evidence that angiotensin II induces B1 receptor expression in aorta by superoxide anion generation, via reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, concomitant to nuclear factor kappaB activation.	Superoxides	94-110	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	36-50
17679649-8	2007	Bilirubin also concentration-dependently reduced NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production stimulated by angiotensin II in rat vascular smooth muscle cells and by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate in human neutrophil-like HL-60 cells.	Superoxides	73-83	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	109-123
17875676-10	2007	Hypertension also increased T lymphocyte production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha, and treatment with the TNFalpha antagonist etanercept prevented the hypertension and increase in vascular superoxide caused by angiotensin II.	Superoxides	196-206	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	113-121
17638298-6	2007	Additionally, the thalamus was found to have an increase in the amount of a potent antioxidant enzyme, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), which may be in response to an increase in deleterious superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	113-123	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	135-140
17984584-0	2007	Costimulatory effects of complement receptor type 3 and Fc receptor for IgG (FcgammaR) on superoxide production and signal transduction in bovine neutrophils.	Superoxides	90-100	Fc gamma receptor and transporter	Bos taurus	56-67
17653133-8	2007	Using this assay, we found that both superoxide and nitric oxide inhibit renal cortical DDAH activity in vitro.	Superoxides	37-47	dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	88-92
17532618-0	2007	A sensor for superoxide in aqueous and organic/aqueous media based on immobilized cytochrome c on binary self-assembled monolayers.	Superoxides	13-23	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	82-94
17532618-1	2007	A method for the electrochemical detection of superoxide radical was developed, based on cytochrome c (cyt c) immobilized on the binary self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of thioctic acid (T-COOH) and thioctic amide (T-NH2) on gold electrode.	Superoxides	46-64	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	89-101
17532618-1	2007	A method for the electrochemical detection of superoxide radical was developed, based on cytochrome c (cyt c) immobilized on the binary self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of thioctic acid (T-COOH) and thioctic amide (T-NH2) on gold electrode.	Superoxides	46-64	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	103-108
17532618-2	2007	The sensor works by electrochemically detecting cyt c reduced by the superoxide radical generated by a xanthine-XOD system.	Superoxides	69-87	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	48-53
17960110-2	2007	The present investigation asks whether lambda-crystallin enhances NADH photo-oxidation by superoxide radicals produced via a photosensitization reaction of near-UV with NADH.	Superoxides	90-100	lambda-crystallin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	39-56
17869312-3	2007	Superoxide production was quantified in synovial cells obtained from six patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and six with osteoarthritis (OA), stimulated with (i) AA, and (ii) PLA(2) inhibitors prior to IL-1beta or TNF-alpha treatment.	Superoxides	0-10	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	207-215
17869312-3	2007	Superoxide production was quantified in synovial cells obtained from six patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and six with osteoarthritis (OA), stimulated with (i) AA, and (ii) PLA(2) inhibitors prior to IL-1beta or TNF-alpha treatment.	Superoxides	0-10	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	219-228
17869312-6	2007	cPLA(2) inhibitors inhibited both IL-1beta and TNF-alpha-induced superoxide production in RA and OA cells.	Superoxides	65-75	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	47-56
17391658-10	2007	NADPH oxidase inhibitors and superoxide scavengers significantly decreased Ang II-induced ET-1 mRNA and peptide expression, superoxide production as well as collagen expression.	Superoxides	29-39	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	75-81
17391658-10	2007	NADPH oxidase inhibitors and superoxide scavengers significantly decreased Ang II-induced ET-1 mRNA and peptide expression, superoxide production as well as collagen expression.	Superoxides	124-134	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	75-81
17664134-7	2007	Bradykinin enhanced cellular LDH release, apoptosis, generation of superoxide, and hydrogen peroxide induced by ATP depletion.	Superoxides	67-77	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	0-10
17556650-6	2007	Superoxide levels, as measured using lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence, were increased more than 2-fold in old MnSOD+/- mice compared with old MnSOD+/+ and young mice (P&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	114-119
17556650-6	2007	Superoxide levels, as measured using lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence, were increased more than 2-fold in old MnSOD+/- mice compared with old MnSOD+/+ and young mice (P&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	146-151
19668475-9	2007	Lower angiotensin II levels may have beneficial effects on outcomes by lowering vascular superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	89-105	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	6-20
17443690-6	2007	When eNOS protein expression in endothelial cells was significantly decreased by eNOS siRNA treatment, superoxide generation was significantly higher in the MMECs grown in low glucose, but reduced in those grown in high glucose for 72 h. Thus, exposure of MMECs to high glucose results in increased oxidative stress that is associated with increased eNOS and NADPH oxidase subunit expression, notably p22phox, and decreased expression of SOD1 and 3.	Superoxides	103-113	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	438-448
17878758-7	2007	The rise in cardiac superoxide anion production (lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence method) induced by AngII was reversed by all treatments.	Superoxides	20-36	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	105-110
17537988-4	2007	These results suggested that TNF-alpha, produced by activated macrophages, could serve as an autocrine/paracrine regulator of the oxidase, resulting in increased and/or prolonged production of O2*-.	Superoxides	193-195	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	29-38
17537988-7	2007	Pharmacological inhibitors of NF-kappaB activation blocked TNF-alpha-induced up-regulation of NCF1, NCF2, and CYBB message, which correlated with a reduction in expression of the corresponding oxidase proteins and decreased O2*- production.	Superoxides	224-227	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	30-39
17537988-7	2007	Pharmacological inhibitors of NF-kappaB activation blocked TNF-alpha-induced up-regulation of NCF1, NCF2, and CYBB message, which correlated with a reduction in expression of the corresponding oxidase proteins and decreased O2*- production.	Superoxides	224-227	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	59-68
17537988-8	2007	These data demonstrate that the increase in and/or maintenance of O2*- production in TNF-alpha-treated MonoMac1 cells and monocytes are a result, in part, of transcriptional up-regulation of three essential NADPH oxidase genes via the NF-kappaB pathway.	Superoxides	66-69	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	85-94
17537988-8	2007	These data demonstrate that the increase in and/or maintenance of O2*- production in TNF-alpha-treated MonoMac1 cells and monocytes are a result, in part, of transcriptional up-regulation of three essential NADPH oxidase genes via the NF-kappaB pathway.	Superoxides	66-69	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	235-244
17555556-3	2007	Following activation with lipopolysaccharide, mSOD1(G93A) microglia released more nitric oxide, more superoxide, and less insulin-like growth factor-1 than wild-type microglia.	Superoxides	101-111	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	46-51
17697870-6	2007	Treatment of KO-D with the SOD mimetic tempol for 4 weeks suppressed albuminuria, increases in glomerular transforming growth factor beta, collagen alpha1(IV), nitrotyrosine, and glomerular superoxide, and concurrently increased C(In).	Superoxides	190-200	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	27-30
17697870-8	2007	The findings provide support for a role for superoxide and its metabolism by SOD1 in the pathogenesis of renal injury in diabetes in vivo, and implicate increased interaction of superoxide with nitric oxide as a pathogenetic factor.	Superoxides	44-54	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	77-81
17631528-7	2007	Overexpression of BAP1 or BAP2 with their partner BON1 inhibits PCD induced by pathogens, the proapoptotic gene BAX, and superoxide-generating paraquat in Arabidopsis or Nicotiana benthamiana.	Superoxides	121-131	BON association protein 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	26-30
17573040-0	2007	PPARgamma activation abolishes LDL-induced proliferation of human aortic smooth muscle cells via SOD-mediated down-regulation of superoxide.	Superoxides	129-139	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	0-9
17573040-3	2007	Herein is the first report of PPARgamma activation by troglitazone (TG) exerting its inhibitory effects on LDL-induced cell proliferation via generation not of H(2)O(2), but of O2(.-), and the subsequent activation of Erk1/2 in hAoSMCs.	Superoxides	177-179	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	30-39
17577578-4	2007	However, F2L inhibits formyl peptide receptor (FPR) and FPRL1 activities, resulting in the complete inhibition of intracellular calcium increases, and superoxide generation induced by N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe, MMK-1, or Trp-Lys-Tyr-Met-Val-d-Met (WKYMVm) in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	151-161	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	47-50
17960110-9	2007	We also found that lambda-crystallin largely increased NADH oxidation by a superoxide that is generated enzymatically.	Superoxides	75-85	lambda-crystallin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	19-36
17960110-10	2007	These results indicate that NADH bound to lambda-crystallin rapidly reacts with superoxides.	Superoxides	80-91	lambda-crystallin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	42-59
17960110-12	2007	However, lambda-crystallin-enhanced NADH oxidation exceeded the superoxide levels generated by NADH photosensitization and xanthine/xanthine oxidase.	Superoxides	64-74	lambda-crystallin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	9-26
17960110-13	2007	CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that NADH binding to lambda-crystallin enhances NADH photo-oxidation through a radical chain reaction mechanism that is initiated by superoxides generated by NADH photosensitization and propagated by another superoxide from the molecule oxygen.	Superoxides	158-169	lambda-crystallin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	46-63
17960110-13	2007	CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that NADH binding to lambda-crystallin enhances NADH photo-oxidation through a radical chain reaction mechanism that is initiated by superoxides generated by NADH photosensitization and propagated by another superoxide from the molecule oxygen.	Superoxides	158-168	lambda-crystallin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	46-63
17960110-14	2007	High concentrations of NADH bound to lambda-crystallin may be beneficial to the rabbit lens in scavenging the low amounts of superoxide produced by near-UV absorption, since oxygen tension in the lens is very low.	Superoxides	125-135	lambda-crystallin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	37-54
17602959-3	2007	The insulin-induced effects were prevented by cotreatment with either a superoxide scavenger or a peroxynitrite scavenger.	Superoxides	72-82	insulin	Homo sapiens	4-11
17486142-6	2007	Uncoupling of eNOS (one electron transfer to molecular oxygen, the second substrate of eNOS) during ischemia-reperfusion due to diminished availability of L-arginine and/or tetrahydrobiopterin is even discussed as one major source of superoxide formation.	Superoxides	234-244	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	14-18
17486142-6	2007	Uncoupling of eNOS (one electron transfer to molecular oxygen, the second substrate of eNOS) during ischemia-reperfusion due to diminished availability of L-arginine and/or tetrahydrobiopterin is even discussed as one major source of superoxide formation.	Superoxides	234-244	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	87-91
17602954-3	2007	On transfection into K562 cells stably expressing NOX1 and NOXO1, both NOXA1(trunc) and an equivalent truncated wild-type NOXA1(1-273) were expressed as approximately 29-kDa truncated NOXA1 proteins lacking both PB1 and SH3 domains, yet both were as active as wild-type NOXA1 in phorbol-stimulated superoxide generation.	Superoxides	298-308	NADPH oxidase activator 1	Homo sapiens	71-76
17687073-2	2007	Accumulating evidence suggests that AngII stimulates intracellular formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as the superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	122-138	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	36-41
17646272-1	2007	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) plays a key role in the detoxification of superoxide free radicals.	Superoxides	69-79	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
18051612-5	2007	Thus, the virulence of V. vulnificus is significantly affected by the cellular level of SOD activity, and an increase in SOD level through MnSOD induction by SoxR under superoxide stress is essential for virulence.	Superoxides	169-179	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	139-144
17652755-8	2007	Overexpression of MnSOD inhibited diabetes-induced increases in mitochondrial superoxide levels and membrane permeability and the decrease in complex III activity.	Superoxides	78-88	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	18-23
17293848-8	2007	These results suggest that the protective effect of iNOS-derived NO is mediated by peroxynitrite formed by the reaction of NO with NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide.	Superoxides	153-163	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	52-56
17635749-6	2007	Superoxide production rapidly increased after 2 h and remained at a high level for 24 h. Scavenging O(2) (-) reversed transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1) and fibronectin mRNA level.	Superoxides	0-10	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	118-151
17394531-0	2007	Mutant SOD1-induced neuronal toxicity is mediated by increased mitochondrial superoxide levels.	Superoxides	77-87	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	7-11
17394531-5	2007	Additionally, we tested the hypothesis that mutant SOD1 increases mitochondrial-produced superoxide (O(2) (*)) levels and that SOD2 overexpression protects neurons from mutant SOD1-induced toxicity by reducing O(2) (*) levels in mitochondria.	Superoxides	89-99	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	51-55
17635749-6	2007	Superoxide production rapidly increased after 2 h and remained at a high level for 24 h. Scavenging O(2) (-) reversed transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1) and fibronectin mRNA level.	Superoxides	0-10	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	153-162
17635749-6	2007	Superoxide production rapidly increased after 2 h and remained at a high level for 24 h. Scavenging O(2) (-) reversed transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1) and fibronectin mRNA level.	Superoxides	100-104	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	118-151
17635749-6	2007	Superoxide production rapidly increased after 2 h and remained at a high level for 24 h. Scavenging O(2) (-) reversed transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1) and fibronectin mRNA level.	Superoxides	100-104	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	153-162
17869078-5	2007	The 15-LOX arachidonic acid metabolite 15-HETE inhibits superoxide production and polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) migration across cytokine-activated endothelium and can be further metabolized to the anti-inflammatory lipoxins.	Superoxides	56-66	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase type B	Homo sapiens	4-10
17566772-4	2007	As expected, aorta from angiotensin II-infused rats exhibited increased level of superoxide anions (as evaluated with dihydroethidine as fluorescent probe) and a reduced relaxation to acetylcholine in comparison to saline group.	Superoxides	81-98	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	24-38
17513298-2	2007	Analysis of 100 ALS-associated mutations in copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) shows that these are site-selective with a preference to decrease the proteins" net repulsive charge.	Superoxides	56-66	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	78-82
17548354-1	2007	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase is converted to an active state by the assembly of a membrane-localized cytochrome b(559) with three cytosolic components: p47(phox), p67(phox), and GTPase Rac1 or Rac2.	Superoxides	4-14	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	174-177
17548354-1	2007	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase is converted to an active state by the assembly of a membrane-localized cytochrome b(559) with three cytosolic components: p47(phox), p67(phox), and GTPase Rac1 or Rac2.	Superoxides	4-14	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	204-208
17616699-0	2007	Superoxide signaling mediates N-acetyl-L-cysteine-induced G1 arrest: regulatory role of cyclin D1 and manganese superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	102-132
17336361-3	2007	SOD1 converts superoxide to peroxide; GPx1 converts peroxide to water.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
17332440-6	2007	Peptidoglycan (PGN) (TLR2 ligand), flagellin (TLR5 ligand), and Imiquimod R837 (TLR7 ligand) could significantly upregulate cell surface expression of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and CD18, and induce the release of IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, growth-related oncogene (GRO)-alpha, and superoxides of eosinophils.	Superoxides	291-302	toll like receptor 2	Homo sapiens	21-25
17332440-6	2007	Peptidoglycan (PGN) (TLR2 ligand), flagellin (TLR5 ligand), and Imiquimod R837 (TLR7 ligand) could significantly upregulate cell surface expression of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and CD18, and induce the release of IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, growth-related oncogene (GRO)-alpha, and superoxides of eosinophils.	Superoxides	291-302	toll like receptor 7	Homo sapiens	80-84
17508908-4	2007	Corresponding to this reduction of LR clustering with NAD(P)H oxidase subunits in ASM-siRNA transfected CAECs, superoxide (O(2)(-*)) production was significantly decreased as measured by either ESR or fluorescent spectrometry.	Superoxides	111-121	sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1	Homo sapiens	82-85
17508908-4	2007	Corresponding to this reduction of LR clustering with NAD(P)H oxidase subunits in ASM-siRNA transfected CAECs, superoxide (O(2)(-*)) production was significantly decreased as measured by either ESR or fluorescent spectrometry.	Superoxides	123-127	sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1	Homo sapiens	82-85
17463333-2	2007	We have shown that the atherosclerotic lesion size was augmented in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-KO) mice overexpressing eNOS because of the enhanced superoxide production.	Superoxides	154-164	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	96-100
17324120-1	2007	Cn (calcineurin) activity is stabilized by SOD1 (Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase), a phenomenon attributed to protection from superoxide (O2*-).	Superoxides	55-65	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	43-47
17324120-1	2007	Cn (calcineurin) activity is stabilized by SOD1 (Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase), a phenomenon attributed to protection from superoxide (O2*-).	Superoxides	133-135	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	43-47
17324120-1	2007	Cn (calcineurin) activity is stabilized by SOD1 (Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase), a phenomenon attributed to protection from superoxide (O2*-).	Superoxides	133-135	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	49-75
17394422-6	2007	In intact mitochondria, the extent and duration of SOD1 activation was inversely correlated with mitochondrial superoxide production.	Superoxides	111-121	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	51-55
17394422-10	2007	Activation of IMS SOD1 by exogenous H2O2 delayed CaCl2-induced loss of transmembrane potential, decreased cytochrome c release and markedly prevented superoxide-induced loss of aconitase activity in intact mitochondria respiring at state-3.	Superoxides	150-160	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	18-22
17394422-11	2007	These findings suggest that H2O2, superoxide and TxrR-1 regulate IMS SOD1 activity reversibly, and that the active enzyme is implicated in protecting vital mitochondrial functions.	Superoxides	34-44	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	69-73
17317755-1	2007	Chronic hypoxic (CH) preconditioning reduces superoxide-induced renal dysfunction via the upregulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and contents.	Superoxides	45-55	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	128-131
17250890-4	2007	Cytochrome c release to cytoplasm, superoxide anion overproduction and ATP depletion in NB4 cells induce, 16 h later, apoptosis by a typical caspase-9/caspase-3-dependent intrinsic pathway.	Superoxides	35-51	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	151-160
17206381-3	2007	Upon exposure to 1 mM 3-morpholinosydnomine N-ethylcarbamide (SIN-1), a generator of peroxynitrite through the reaction between nitric oxide and superoxide anion, to U937 cells, the viability was lower and the protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation and oxidative DNA damage reflected by an increase in 8-hydroxy-2"-deoxyguanosine, were higher in the inhibitor-treated cells as compared to the control cells.	Superoxides	145-161	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	62-67
17548209-0	2007	Angiotensin-(1-7) blocks the angiotensin II-stimulated superoxide production.	Superoxides	55-65	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	29-43
17548209-2	2007	The present study was conducted to examine Ang-(1-7) and Ang II effects on superoxide anion production in rat aorta using the lucigenin chemiluminescence method.	Superoxides	75-91	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	57-63
17548209-3	2007	Ang II dose-dependently increased superoxide anion formation when compared to control levels; a maximal increase (2.5-fold) was observed with 1 x 10(-10)M peptide concentration.	Superoxides	34-50	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
17548209-4	2007	The Ang II-stimulated superoxide formation was blocked by 1 x 10(-10)M losartan, the specific AT(1) receptor antagonist, but not by 1 x 10(-10)M PD 123319, the AT(2) receptor antagonist, suggesting that the increased superoxide levels caused by Ang II are mediated through AT(1) receptors activation.	Superoxides	22-32	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	4-10
17548209-4	2007	The Ang II-stimulated superoxide formation was blocked by 1 x 10(-10)M losartan, the specific AT(1) receptor antagonist, but not by 1 x 10(-10)M PD 123319, the AT(2) receptor antagonist, suggesting that the increased superoxide levels caused by Ang II are mediated through AT(1) receptors activation.	Superoxides	22-32	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	245-251
17548209-4	2007	The Ang II-stimulated superoxide formation was blocked by 1 x 10(-10)M losartan, the specific AT(1) receptor antagonist, but not by 1 x 10(-10)M PD 123319, the AT(2) receptor antagonist, suggesting that the increased superoxide levels caused by Ang II are mediated through AT(1) receptors activation.	Superoxides	217-227	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	4-10
17548209-5	2007	The Ang II-stimulated superoxide production was not modified by 2 x 10(-8)M allopurinol or 1 x 10(-7)M indomethacin, but was completely abolished by NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitors: 1 x 10(-8)M diphenylene iodonium, or 2 x 10(-8)M apocynin, demonstrating that NAD(P)H oxidase participates in such response.	Superoxides	22-32	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	4-10
17548209-7	2007	In conclusion, we demonstrated that Ang-(1-7) blocks the pro-oxidant effects of Ang II, thus reducing the superoxide anion production and delaying the hypertension development.	Superoxides	106-122	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	80-86
17530864-2	2007	Stimulation with a soluble agonist or activation with bacterial lipopolysaccharide plus gamma-interferon caused only very small initial increases in O2 consumption above basal rates; however, at 2-4 h post-activation, respiration increased to 2-3-fold and remained at these elevated levels over the subsequent lifetime of the cell (20-30 h).	Superoxides	149-151	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	88-104
17448908-4	2007	Whereas inhibition of NADPH oxidase or knockdown of the gp91(phox) or p47(phox) gene blunted the early phase (60-150 min), coenzyme Q10 or mitochondrial K(ATP) channel inhibitor antagonized the delayed phase (120-240 min) of LPS-induced increase in O2*- production in RVLM and cardiovascular depression.	Superoxides	249-251	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Rattus norvegicus	61-65
17482227-6	2007	The increase in COX-2 mRNA was associated with release of (3)H-AA, phosphorylation of p38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, increased levels of nuclear NF-kappaB and increased superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	231-247	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	16-21
17560373-2	2007	TNF signaling enables the generation of superoxide in phagocytic and vascular cells through the activation of the NADPH oxidase Nox2/gp91.	Superoxides	40-50	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	0-3
17560373-6	2007	Moreover, the prevention of TNF-induced superoxide generation with dominant-negative mutants of TRADD or Rac1, as well as knockdown of Nox1 using siRNA, inhibits necrosis.	Superoxides	40-50	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	28-31
17308007-0	2007	ERK activation contributes to regulation of spontaneous contractile tone via superoxide anion in isolated rat aorta of angiotensin II-induced hypertension.	Superoxides	77-93	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
17308007-0	2007	ERK activation contributes to regulation of spontaneous contractile tone via superoxide anion in isolated rat aorta of angiotensin II-induced hypertension.	Superoxides	77-93	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	119-133
17413034-10	2007	CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate TNF-alpha upregulates expression of arginase in endothelial cells, which leads to O2(-) production then induces endothelial dysfunction in I/R injury.	Superoxides	116-121	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	34-43
17413035-3	2007	When endothelial nitric oxide synthase is 6R-BH4-deplete, it synthesizes superoxide rather than nitric oxide.	Superoxides	73-83	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	5-38
17418121-2	2007	Modulation of NTS signaling by superoxide may be linked to the subcellular location of the mobile NADPH oxidase p47(phox) subunit, which is known to be present in dendrites of NTS neurons.	Superoxides	31-41	NSFL1 cofactor	Rattus norvegicus	112-115
17516238-9	2007	These results imply the possibility that 8-oxoGTP is formed during respiratory burst of neutrophils and limits neutrophil production of superoxides by antagonizing GTP toward Rac.	Superoxides	136-147	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	175-178
17516243-3	2007	Phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA; 100 ng/ml) caused an increase in fluorescence and lucigenin chemiluminescence in HL-60, which was abolished by superoxide dismutase (SOD; 600 U/ml) indicating that DHE detects extracellular superoxide.	Superoxides	149-159	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	171-174
17516243-4	2007	Furthermore, both HL-60 cells and HMEC-1 generated a fluorescence signal in the presence of DHE under resting conditions, which was unaffected by SOD, but abolished by polyethylene glycosylated-SOD (PEG-SOD) (100 U/ml) and MnTmPyP (25 microM), indicating that DHE also detects superoxide produced intracellularly.	Superoxides	277-287	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	194-197
17516243-4	2007	Furthermore, both HL-60 cells and HMEC-1 generated a fluorescence signal in the presence of DHE under resting conditions, which was unaffected by SOD, but abolished by polyethylene glycosylated-SOD (PEG-SOD) (100 U/ml) and MnTmPyP (25 microM), indicating that DHE also detects superoxide produced intracellularly.	Superoxides	277-287	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	194-197
17516233-11	2007	This quenching activity against O(2)(-) persisted like SOD.	Superoxides	32-36	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	55-58
17420332-4	2007	Neutrophil superoxide production was measured by cytochrome C reduction.	Superoxides	11-21	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	49-61
17470722-2	2007	Angiotensin II ([Ang II] 1 micromol/L)-stimulated NO and superoxide (O(2)(*-)) production were imaged by fluorescence microscopy in thin tissue strips from the inner stripe of the outer medulla.	Superoxides	57-67	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
17470722-4	2007	Ang II stimulation resulted in production of NO in epithelial cells of the mTAL that diffused to vasa recta pericytes of SS-13(BN) rats but not in SS/Mcwi rats except when tissues were preincubated with the superoxide scavenger TIRON (1 mmol/L).	Superoxides	207-217	talipes	Mus musculus	75-79
17470727-9	2007	ERalpha activation had the most potent effects on both nitrite formation and inhibiting O(2)(-) (P&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	88-92	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-7
17470727-10	2007	These data demonstrate novel and differential mechanisms by which ERalpha and ERbeta activation control coronary artery vasoreactivity in males and females and regulate vascular NO and O(2)(-) formation.	Superoxides	185-189	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	66-73
17493633-0	2007	Increased superoxide production in nitrate tolerance is associated with NAD(P)H oxidase and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 downregulation.	Superoxides	10-20	aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1	Rattus norvegicus	92-116
16953235-1	2007	Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) is a potent chemoattractant molecule released from both bacteria and damaged mitochondria that activates fMLP receptors (FPR) leading to neutrophil chemotaxis, degranulation and superoxide production.	Superoxides	204-214	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-18
16953235-1	2007	Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) is a potent chemoattractant molecule released from both bacteria and damaged mitochondria that activates fMLP receptors (FPR) leading to neutrophil chemotaxis, degranulation and superoxide production.	Superoxides	204-214	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	20-24
16953235-1	2007	Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) is a potent chemoattractant molecule released from both bacteria and damaged mitochondria that activates fMLP receptors (FPR) leading to neutrophil chemotaxis, degranulation and superoxide production.	Superoxides	204-214	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	131-135
17448908-4	2007	Whereas inhibition of NADPH oxidase or knockdown of the gp91(phox) or p47(phox) gene blunted the early phase (60-150 min), coenzyme Q10 or mitochondrial K(ATP) channel inhibitor antagonized the delayed phase (120-240 min) of LPS-induced increase in O2*- production in RVLM and cardiovascular depression.	Superoxides	249-251	NSFL1 cofactor	Rattus norvegicus	70-73
17448908-4	2007	Whereas inhibition of NADPH oxidase or knockdown of the gp91(phox) or p47(phox) gene blunted the early phase (60-150 min), coenzyme Q10 or mitochondrial K(ATP) channel inhibitor antagonized the delayed phase (120-240 min) of LPS-induced increase in O2*- production in RVLM and cardiovascular depression.	Superoxides	249-251	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Rattus norvegicus	74-78
17344208-11	2007	This is significant because superoxide production underlies the role of human PRODH in p53-mediated apoptosis, implying commonalities between eukaryotic and bacterial monofunctional PRODHs.	Superoxides	28-38	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	87-90
17308007-9	2007	These findings suggest that ANG II infusion induces the production of superoxide and spontaneous tone and that both are dependent on ERK-MAPK activation.	Superoxides	70-80	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	28-34
17237245-6	2007	After 8 wk of treatment with the superoxide scavenger Tempol, 12-wk-old db/db mice had lower superoxide production, reduced plasma glucose and lipids, and lower BMP-4 and OPN protein expression when compared with nontreated mice.	Superoxides	33-43	bone morphogenetic protein 4	Mus musculus	161-166
17395009-0	2007	Inactivation and nitration of human superoxide dismutase (SOD) by fluxes of nitric oxide and superoxide.	Superoxides	36-46	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	58-61
17289842-11	2007	These findings suggest that exposure of EDCs and endothelial cells to either experimentally prepared or naturally occurring modified LDL results in an increased transfer of mitochondria-derived superoxide anion to p53, which stimulates a conformational change in Bax favoring its translocation to the mitochondria with resultant apoptosis of these cells.	Superoxides	194-210	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	214-217
17289842-11	2007	These findings suggest that exposure of EDCs and endothelial cells to either experimentally prepared or naturally occurring modified LDL results in an increased transfer of mitochondria-derived superoxide anion to p53, which stimulates a conformational change in Bax favoring its translocation to the mitochondria with resultant apoptosis of these cells.	Superoxides	194-210	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	263-266
17224469-9	2007	Finally, EX decreased superoxide production in the paraventricular nucleus of Ang II-infused rats.	Superoxides	22-32	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	78-84
17230520-8	2007	In LNCaP cells, we established superoxide as a primary mediator for selenite-induced DNA SSBs, p53 activation and caspase-mediated apoptosis.	Superoxides	31-41	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	95-98
17230520-10	2007	The results support the p53-mitochondria axis in a feedback loop for sustaining superoxide production to lead to efficient caspase-mediated apoptosis by selenite.	Superoxides	80-90	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	24-27
16969382-8	2007	A hydroethidine study demonstrated that superoxide anion production after SAH was reduced in the cerebral cortex of the SOD1 Tg rats.	Superoxides	40-56	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	120-124
17287434-8	2007	Interestingly, inhibition of superoxide with superoxide dismutase or Mn(III) tetrakis (4-benzoic acid) prophyrin completely blocked Ang II-induced decrease in mIPSCs.	Superoxides	29-39	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	132-138
17287434-11	2007	Ang II attenuates GABAergic input to PVN presympathetic neurons through reactive oxygen species, especially superoxide anions.	Superoxides	108-125	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
17381162-0	2007	Reactions of superoxide with myeloperoxidase.	Superoxides	13-23	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	29-44
17382199-0	2007	Phosphorylation of the survival kinase Akt by superoxide is dependent on an ascorbate-reversible oxidation of PTEN.	Superoxides	46-56	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	39-42
17382199-0	2007	Phosphorylation of the survival kinase Akt by superoxide is dependent on an ascorbate-reversible oxidation of PTEN.	Superoxides	46-56	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Mus musculus	110-114
17382199-1	2007	In this report, we demonstrate that in serum-deprived mouse embryonic fibroblasts an increase in intracellular level of superoxide through pharmacological inhibition of the Cu/ZnSOD protein or the down-regulation of its expression using specific siRNA mimics growth factor-induced phosphorylation of Akt.	Superoxides	120-130	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	173-181
17382199-1	2007	In this report, we demonstrate that in serum-deprived mouse embryonic fibroblasts an increase in intracellular level of superoxide through pharmacological inhibition of the Cu/ZnSOD protein or the down-regulation of its expression using specific siRNA mimics growth factor-induced phosphorylation of Akt.	Superoxides	120-130	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	300-303
17382199-2	2007	Using the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and PTEN knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts, we show that phosphorylation of Akt by superoxide requires the production of PIP3 and that the target for the induction of Akt phosphorylation by O2.- is the phosphatase PTEN.	Superoxides	120-130	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Mus musculus	38-42
17382199-2	2007	Using the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and PTEN knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts, we show that phosphorylation of Akt by superoxide requires the production of PIP3 and that the target for the induction of Akt phosphorylation by O2.- is the phosphatase PTEN.	Superoxides	120-130	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	113-116
17382199-2	2007	Using the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and PTEN knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts, we show that phosphorylation of Akt by superoxide requires the production of PIP3 and that the target for the induction of Akt phosphorylation by O2.- is the phosphatase PTEN.	Superoxides	120-130	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	204-207
17382199-2	2007	Using the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and PTEN knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts, we show that phosphorylation of Akt by superoxide requires the production of PIP3 and that the target for the induction of Akt phosphorylation by O2.- is the phosphatase PTEN.	Superoxides	120-130	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Mus musculus	251-255
17382199-2	2007	Using the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and PTEN knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts, we show that phosphorylation of Akt by superoxide requires the production of PIP3 and that the target for the induction of Akt phosphorylation by O2.- is the phosphatase PTEN.	Superoxides	227-229	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	113-116
17382199-2	2007	Using the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and PTEN knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts, we show that phosphorylation of Akt by superoxide requires the production of PIP3 and that the target for the induction of Akt phosphorylation by O2.- is the phosphatase PTEN.	Superoxides	227-229	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	204-207
17382199-3	2007	Interestingly, the inhibition of PTEN involves an O2.--mediated oxidation of the phosphatase rather than regulation of its phosphorylation or decreased protein expression.	Superoxides	50-52	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Mus musculus	33-37
17382199-4	2007	Moreover, using differential reduction of oxidized protein by DTT and ascorbate, O2.--dependent oxidation of PTEN is shown to be due to S-nitrosylation of the protein.	Superoxides	81-83	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Mus musculus	109-113
17382199-5	2007	Finally, exposure of serum-deprived mouse embryonic fibroblasts to fetal bovine serum leads to a rapid and strong phosphorylation of Akt that is dependent on an ascorbate-reversible O2.--mediated oxidation of PTEN.	Superoxides	182-184	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	133-136
17382199-5	2007	Finally, exposure of serum-deprived mouse embryonic fibroblasts to fetal bovine serum leads to a rapid and strong phosphorylation of Akt that is dependent on an ascorbate-reversible O2.--mediated oxidation of PTEN.	Superoxides	182-184	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Mus musculus	209-213
17382199-6	2007	These results support O2.- as a physiologically relevant second messenger for Akt activation through S-nitrosylation of PTEN and offer a mechanistic explanation for the mitogenic and prosurvival activities of O2.-.	Superoxides	22-24	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	78-81
17382199-6	2007	These results support O2.- as a physiologically relevant second messenger for Akt activation through S-nitrosylation of PTEN and offer a mechanistic explanation for the mitogenic and prosurvival activities of O2.-.	Superoxides	22-24	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Mus musculus	120-124
17382199-6	2007	These results support O2.- as a physiologically relevant second messenger for Akt activation through S-nitrosylation of PTEN and offer a mechanistic explanation for the mitogenic and prosurvival activities of O2.-.	Superoxides	209-211	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	78-81
17142346-2	2007	We investigated the hypothesis that increased superoxide (O(2)(*-)) release by an uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) contributes to impaired pulmonary vasodilation in PPHN.	Superoxides	46-56	nitric oxide synthase, endothelial	Ovis aries	92-125
17142346-2	2007	We investigated the hypothesis that increased superoxide (O(2)(*-)) release by an uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) contributes to impaired pulmonary vasodilation in PPHN.	Superoxides	46-56	nitric oxide synthase, endothelial	Ovis aries	127-131
17142346-2	2007	We investigated the hypothesis that increased superoxide (O(2)(*-)) release by an uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) contributes to impaired pulmonary vasodilation in PPHN.	Superoxides	58-61	nitric oxide synthase, endothelial	Ovis aries	92-125
17142346-2	2007	We investigated the hypothesis that increased superoxide (O(2)(*-)) release by an uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) contributes to impaired pulmonary vasodilation in PPHN.	Superoxides	58-61	nitric oxide synthase, endothelial	Ovis aries	127-131
17194725-0	2007	HO-1 induction lowers blood pressure and superoxide production in the renal medulla of angiotensin II hypertensive mice.	Superoxides	41-51	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	0-4
17194725-0	2007	HO-1 induction lowers blood pressure and superoxide production in the renal medulla of angiotensin II hypertensive mice.	Superoxides	41-51	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	87-101
17194725-8	2007	Medullary superoxide production was increased by ANG II infusion and normalized in mice pretreated with CoPP.	Superoxides	10-20	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	49-55
17194725-9	2007	The reduction in ANG II-mediated superoxide production in the medulla with CoPP was associated with a decrease in extracellular superoxide dismutase protein but an increase in catalase protein and activity.	Superoxides	33-43	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	17-23
17194725-9	2007	The reduction in ANG II-mediated superoxide production in the medulla with CoPP was associated with a decrease in extracellular superoxide dismutase protein but an increase in catalase protein and activity.	Superoxides	33-43	catalase	Mus musculus	176-184
17194725-10	2007	These results suggest that reduction in superoxide and possibly hydrogen peroxide production in the renal medulla may be a potential mechanism by which induction of HO-1 with CoPP lowers blood pressure in ANG-II dependent hypertension.	Superoxides	40-50	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	165-169
17194725-10	2007	These results suggest that reduction in superoxide and possibly hydrogen peroxide production in the renal medulla may be a potential mechanism by which induction of HO-1 with CoPP lowers blood pressure in ANG-II dependent hypertension.	Superoxides	40-50	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	205-211
17220186-1	2007	Angiotensin II (ANG II) infusion increases renal superoxide (O(2)(-)) and enhances renal vasoconstriction via macula densa (MD) regulation of tubuloglomerular feedback, but the mechanism is unclear.	Superoxides	49-59	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
17220186-1	2007	Angiotensin II (ANG II) infusion increases renal superoxide (O(2)(-)) and enhances renal vasoconstriction via macula densa (MD) regulation of tubuloglomerular feedback, but the mechanism is unclear.	Superoxides	49-59	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	16-22
17220186-1	2007	Angiotensin II (ANG II) infusion increases renal superoxide (O(2)(-)) and enhances renal vasoconstriction via macula densa (MD) regulation of tubuloglomerular feedback, but the mechanism is unclear.	Superoxides	61-65	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
17220186-1	2007	Angiotensin II (ANG II) infusion increases renal superoxide (O(2)(-)) and enhances renal vasoconstriction via macula densa (MD) regulation of tubuloglomerular feedback, but the mechanism is unclear.	Superoxides	61-65	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	16-22
17234726-6	2007	Ang II substantially increased endothelial XO protein levels and XO-dependent superoxide production in cultured endothelial cells, which was prevented by NAD(P)H-oxidase inhibition.	Superoxides	78-88	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-6
17353002-0	2007	Characterization of superoxide production from aldehyde oxidase: an important source of oxidants in biological tissues.	Superoxides	20-30	aldehyde oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	47-63
17353002-5	2007	Superoxide generation was measured and quantitated by cytochrome c reduction and EPR spin trapping with p-dimethyl aminocinnamaldehyde as reducing substrate.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	54-66
17353002-6	2007	Prominent superoxide generation was observed with an initial rate of 295 nmol min(-1) mg(-1).	Superoxides	10-20	CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group)	Homo sapiens	78-84
17353002-8	2007	In view of the ubiquitous distribution of aldehydes in tissues, aldehyde oxidase can be an important basal source of superoxide that would be enhanced in disease settings where cellular aldehyde levels are increased.	Superoxides	117-127	aldehyde oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	64-80
17222393-0	2007	Production of extracellular superoxide by human lymphoblast cell lines: comparison of electron spin resonance techniques and cytochrome C reduction assay.	Superoxides	28-38	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	125-137
17495413-8	2007	The in vitro model of I/R showed that lipid peroxidation is a trigger of the injury, and superoxide and iron ion participate in TJ opening and decrease in P-gp function.	Superoxides	89-99	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	155-159
17197441-2	2007	TNF-alpha stimulation of PMNs resulted in superoxide production that was dependent on CD11b/CD18-mediated PMN adhesion.	Superoxides	42-52	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	0-9
17197441-2	2007	TNF-alpha stimulation of PMNs resulted in superoxide production that was dependent on CD11b/CD18-mediated PMN adhesion.	Superoxides	42-52	integrin alpha M	Mus musculus	86-91
17197441-2	2007	TNF-alpha stimulation of PMNs resulted in superoxide production that was dependent on CD11b/CD18-mediated PMN adhesion.	Superoxides	42-52	integrin beta 2	Mus musculus	92-96
16584734-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is the major extracellular scavenger of superoxides, and one of the main regulators of nitric oxide bioactivity in vessel walls.	Superoxides	95-106	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	11-45
16584734-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is the major extracellular scavenger of superoxides, and one of the main regulators of nitric oxide bioactivity in vessel walls.	Superoxides	95-106	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	47-53
17240121-4	2007	Increased superoxide production, induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and decreased caveolin-1 were observed in a concentration-dependent manner in THP-1 derived macrophages with high glucose concentrations.	Superoxides	10-20	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	164-169
17240121-10	2007	This might be due to the actions of superoxide via the activation of NADPH oxidase by translocation of its component and uncoupling of induced iNOS in macrophages.	Superoxides	36-46	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	143-147
17327432-8	2007	LR-90 also prevented oxidative stress in activated monocytes, as demonstrated by its inhibitory effects on S100b-induced expression of NADPH oxidase and intracellular superoxide production.	Superoxides	167-177	S100 calcium binding protein B	Homo sapiens	107-112
17327434-1	2007	Uncoupling of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) resulting in superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) formation instead of nitric oxide (NO) causes diabetic endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	72-88	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	18-51
17327434-1	2007	Uncoupling of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) resulting in superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) formation instead of nitric oxide (NO) causes diabetic endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	90-95	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	18-51
17242303-8	2007	Correspondingly, ADMA increased PEG-SOD reversible manner the production of vascular superoxide assessed by lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence and ethidium bromide fluorescence.	Superoxides	85-95	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	36-39
17318262-10	2007	Akt thus serves as a molecular switch that increases angiogenesis and the generation of superoxide, fostering more aggressive tumor behavior.	Superoxides	88-98	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
17255946-1	2007	Over 110 structurally diverse missense mutations in the superoxide dismutase (SOD1) gene have been linked to the pathogenesis of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FALS), yet the mechanism by which these lead to cytotoxicity still remains unknown.	Superoxides	56-66	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	78-82
17123468-1	2007	Dicoumarol, a competitive inhibitor of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), increases intracellular superoxide and affects cell growth of tumor cells.	Superoxides	104-114	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	39-71
17123468-1	2007	Dicoumarol, a competitive inhibitor of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), increases intracellular superoxide and affects cell growth of tumor cells.	Superoxides	104-114	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	73-77
17381162-3	2007	It is generally accepted that superoxide is a precursor of hydrogen peroxide which myeloperoxidase uses to oxidize chloride to hypochlorous acid.	Superoxides	30-40	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	83-98
17381162-4	2007	Previously, we demonstrated that superoxide modulates the chlorination activity of myeloperoxidase by reacting with its ferric and compound II redox states.	Superoxides	33-43	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	83-98
17381162-5	2007	In this investigation we used pulse radiolysis to determine kinetic parameters of superoxide reacting with redox forms of myeloperoxidase and used these data in a steady-state kinetic analysis.	Superoxides	82-92	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	122-137
17381162-9	2007	It will act as a superoxide dismutase when superoxide reacts consecutively with ferric myeloperoxidase and compound III.	Superoxides	17-27	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	87-102
17381162-11	2007	The favorable kinetics of these reactions indicate that, within the confines of a phagosome, superoxide will react with myeloperoxidase and affect the reactions it will catalyze.	Superoxides	93-103	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	120-135
17349936-1	2007	Lenses from mice lacking the antioxidant enzyme copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) show elevated levels of superoxide radicals and are prone to developing cataract when exposed to high levels of glucose in vitro.	Superoxides	60-70	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	82-86
17404617-5	2007	Superoxide production and neuronal death were also blocked in studies using mice or cultured neurons deficient in the p47(phox) subunit of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	0-10	NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47)	Mus musculus	118-152
17292965-1	2007	It is well known that the wild type Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (holo SOD) catalyzes the conversion of superoxide anion to peroxide hydrogen and dioxygen.	Superoxides	102-118	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	36-62
17292965-1	2007	It is well known that the wild type Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (holo SOD) catalyzes the conversion of superoxide anion to peroxide hydrogen and dioxygen.	Superoxides	102-118	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	69-72
17374653-4	2007	At 6 h, AngII induced a marked increase in O(2)(-) production as measured by dihydroethidium fluorescence, which was prevented by quercetin and isorhamnetin.	Superoxides	43-47	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	8-13
17374653-8	2007	Taken together, these results show for the first time, to our knowledge, that quercetin and isorhamnetin prevent AngII-induced endothelial dysfunction by inhibiting the overexpression of p47(phox) and the subsequent increased O(2)(-) production, resulting in increased nitric oxide bioavailability.	Superoxides	226-231	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	113-118
17210799-11	2007	These data suggest that 20-HETE stimulates superoxide formation by pathways other than apocynin-sensitive NAD(P)H oxidase, thereby activating MAPK and then enhancing VEGF synthesis that drives EC proliferation.	Superoxides	43-53	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	166-170
16621167-1	2007	Angiotensin II activates (via type 1 receptors) NAD(P)H-dependent oxidases, which are a major source of superoxide, and is relevant in the pathogenesis of several cardiovascular diseases and certain degenerative changes associated with ageing.	Superoxides	104-114	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
17291583-5	2007	Antioxidant enzymes include two types of superoxide dismutase (SOD), which specifically scavenges superoxide radicals: copper-zinc SOD, which is located in the cytosol and Mn-SOD, which is located in the mitochondria.	Superoxides	41-51	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	63-66
17389234-3	2007	We also disclose that motility of hPMs and J774.1 induced by a chemotactic peptide (N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine [fMLP]) was inhibited by superoxide dismutase or N-acetylcystein, indicating stimulation of motility by superoxide generated by fMLP stimulation.	Superoxides	149-159	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	125-129
17389234-3	2007	We also disclose that motility of hPMs and J774.1 induced by a chemotactic peptide (N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine [fMLP]) was inhibited by superoxide dismutase or N-acetylcystein, indicating stimulation of motility by superoxide generated by fMLP stimulation.	Superoxides	149-159	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	252-256
17109119-1	2007	Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1), which is localized cytoplasmically and in the mitochondrial intermembrane space, is an enzyme that is critically important for superoxide free-radical elimination.	Superoxides	6-16	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	28-32
17224469-1	2007	Angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced arterial baroreflex dysfunction is associated with superoxide generation in the brain.	Superoxides	83-93	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-22
17224469-3	2007	The aim of this study was to determine whether previous EX prevents baroreflex impairment caused by central administration of exogenous Ang II via an Ang II-superoxide mechanism.	Superoxides	157-167	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	136-142
17224469-3	2007	The aim of this study was to determine whether previous EX prevents baroreflex impairment caused by central administration of exogenous Ang II via an Ang II-superoxide mechanism.	Superoxides	157-167	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	150-156
17129739-3	2007	Mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD-2 or Mn-SOD) is a key antioxidant enzyme that scavenges superoxide.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	36-41
17129739-3	2007	Mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD-2 or Mn-SOD) is a key antioxidant enzyme that scavenges superoxide.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	45-51
17129739-7	2007	However, SOD-2 overexpression did decrease mitochondrial superoxide in hippocampal neurons, and extended the lifespan of the mice.	Superoxides	57-67	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	9-14
17316075-5	2007	Furthermore, SCC-VII tumor cells demonstrated increased relative hydrogen peroxide (the product of MnSOD superoxide dismutation)-induced apoptosis in vitro.	Superoxides	105-115	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	99-104
17126611-5	2007	Superoxide dismutase (SOD; converts superoxide to H(2)O(2)) significantly reduced the contraction in both types of arteries -- an effect abolished by catalase (H(2)O(2) scavenger), suggesting that the SOD effect was mediated by H(2)O(2).	Superoxides	36-46	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	150-158
17308111-7	2007	This activation, in combination with BaP-induced phosphorylated p53, promoted mitochondrial superoxide anion production, supporting the existence of a common target for NHE1 and p53.	Superoxides	92-108	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	64-67
17308111-7	2007	This activation, in combination with BaP-induced phosphorylated p53, promoted mitochondrial superoxide anion production, supporting the existence of a common target for NHE1 and p53.	Superoxides	92-108	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Homo sapiens	169-173
17308111-7	2007	This activation, in combination with BaP-induced phosphorylated p53, promoted mitochondrial superoxide anion production, supporting the existence of a common target for NHE1 and p53.	Superoxides	92-108	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	178-181
16963226-19	2007	Finally, we showed that addition of arachidonic acid restored the production of O(2)(-) in monocytes defective in either PKCalpha or cPLA(2) expression.	Superoxides	80-84	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	121-129
17258726-8	2007	COX-2 was up-regulated by superoxide from E faecalis and mutant fractions decreased when COX-2 was silenced using short interfering RNA.	Superoxides	26-36	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
17258726-8	2007	COX-2 was up-regulated by superoxide from E faecalis and mutant fractions decreased when COX-2 was silenced using short interfering RNA.	Superoxides	26-36	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	89-94
17258726-10	2007	CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that macrophage COX-2 is induced by superoxide from E faecalis and promotes CIN in mammalian cells through diffusible factors.	Superoxides	73-83	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	53-58
17339755-7	2007	TNF-alpha, PMA, OZP and ZAS increased superoxide production in different magnitudes, whereas leptin did not.	Superoxides	38-48	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-9
17339755-8	2007	TNF-alpha, but not leptin, enhanced OZP- and ZAS-induced superoxide production, possibly, in part due to facilitating translocation of p47(phox), a component of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	57-67	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-9
17126953-8	2007	These results indicate that PS/PC liposomes can inhibit the microglial production of both NO and O(2)(-), and thus presumably prevent a subsequent formation of ONOO(-).	Superoxides	97-101	surfactant protein C	Homo sapiens	28-33
17332699-2	2007	First, the discovery of 7 Nox/Duox family proteins, Noxo1 and Noxa1 (homologues of gp91(phox), p47(phox) and p67(phox)) may clarify novel physiological mechanisms for superoxide regulation in various organs, such as the regulation of blood pressure, mucosal defense system in respiratory/digestive tract and nephron.	Superoxides	167-177	NADPH oxidase activator 1	Homo sapiens	62-67
17332699-2	2007	First, the discovery of 7 Nox/Duox family proteins, Noxo1 and Noxa1 (homologues of gp91(phox), p47(phox) and p67(phox)) may clarify novel physiological mechanisms for superoxide regulation in various organs, such as the regulation of blood pressure, mucosal defense system in respiratory/digestive tract and nephron.	Superoxides	167-177	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	109-112
17239711-0	2007	The deleterious effects of hyperglycemia on platelet function in diabetic patients with acute coronary syndromes mediation by superoxide production, resolution with intensive insulin administration.	Superoxides	126-136	insulin	Homo sapiens	175-182
17112788-11	2007	These data support the hypothesis that combined reduction of superoxide along with enhanced endogenous kinins may facilitate blood pressure lowering in Ang II hypertension.	Superoxides	61-71	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	152-158
17239711-10	2007	Intravenous insulin infusion resulted in a greater reduction (p &lt; 0.001) in BSL, differentially improved platelet responsiveness to SNP (p = 0.049), and decreased O2- (p &lt; 0.001) and ADMA levels (p = 0.049).	Superoxides	166-168	insulin	Homo sapiens	12-19
17126813-1	2007	NADPH oxidase organizer 1 (Noxo1), harboring a PX domain, two SH3 domains, and a proline-rich region (PRR), participates in activation of superoxide-producing Nox-family NADPH oxidases.	Superoxides	138-148	nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2	Homo sapiens	81-100
17189831-10	2007	Taken together, these findings suggest that shear stress stabilizes Nrf2 protein via the lipid peroxidation elicited by xanthine oxidase and flavoprotein mediated generation of superoxide, resulting in gene induction by the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway.	Superoxides	177-187	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	68-72
17189831-10	2007	Taken together, these findings suggest that shear stress stabilizes Nrf2 protein via the lipid peroxidation elicited by xanthine oxidase and flavoprotein mediated generation of superoxide, resulting in gene induction by the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway.	Superoxides	177-187	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	224-228
17126813-1	2007	NADPH oxidase organizer 1 (Noxo1), harboring a PX domain, two SH3 domains, and a proline-rich region (PRR), participates in activation of superoxide-producing Nox-family NADPH oxidases.	Superoxides	138-148	nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2	Homo sapiens	102-105
16788136-10	2007	ET-1 immediately stimulated superoxide formation (measured with TEMPO-9-AC, 68 arbitrary units) that was inhibited 95% by apocynin or diphenyl iodonium.	Superoxides	28-38	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
17242675-1	2007	PURPOSE: To ameliorate experimental optic neuritis by combining scavenging of superoxide by germ line increases in the extracellular superoxide dismutase (ECSOD) and hydrogen peroxide by viral-mediated gene transfer of the human catalase gene.	Superoxides	78-88	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	155-160
17242675-1	2007	PURPOSE: To ameliorate experimental optic neuritis by combining scavenging of superoxide by germ line increases in the extracellular superoxide dismutase (ECSOD) and hydrogen peroxide by viral-mediated gene transfer of the human catalase gene.	Superoxides	78-88	catalase	Homo sapiens	229-237
17242675-5	2007	RESULTS: Combined scavenging of H(2)O(2) and superoxide with ECSOD and catalase suppressed demyelination by 72%, 54% due to catalase, and 19% due to ECSOD.	Superoxides	45-55	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	61-66
17242675-5	2007	RESULTS: Combined scavenging of H(2)O(2) and superoxide with ECSOD and catalase suppressed demyelination by 72%, 54% due to catalase, and 19% due to ECSOD.	Superoxides	45-55	catalase	Homo sapiens	124-132
17242675-5	2007	RESULTS: Combined scavenging of H(2)O(2) and superoxide with ECSOD and catalase suppressed demyelination by 72%, 54% due to catalase, and 19% due to ECSOD.	Superoxides	45-55	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	149-154
16951043-0	2007	Superoxide mediates acute renal vasoconstriction produced by angiotensin II and catecholamines by a mechanism independent of nitric oxide.	Superoxides	0-10	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	61-75
16980348-8	2007	These findings indicate that hypercholesterolemia-induced increases in venular leukocyte and platelet adhesion might contribute to the impaired endothelium-dependent dilation of closely paired arterioles via a mechanism that is distance limited and dependent on P-selectin and superoxide.	Superoxides	277-287	selectin, platelet	Mus musculus	262-272
17115888-3	2007	The GTP binding protein Rac regulates a wide variety of cellular functions, including the activation of NADPH oxidase, the major source of O2*-in the blood vessel wall.	Superoxides	139-142	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	24-27
18002134-3	2007	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) competes with NO for superoxide, and reduces the formation of peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	48-58	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
18002134-3	2007	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) competes with NO for superoxide, and reduces the formation of peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	48-58	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
18002134-7	2007	Results indicate that SOD location and concentration in the arteriole significantly affect superoxide concentration.	Superoxides	91-101	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
18806309-8	2007	These results suggest that GSH oxidation catalyzed by selenite, and the diselenides selenocystamine and diselenodipropionic acid, generated the superoxide radical in which the CL was inhibited by SOD.	Superoxides	144-162	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	196-199
18002134-8	2007	The model predicts that a reduction in SOD levels results in increased superoxide and peroxynitrite concentrations and decreased NO concentration in the vessel.	Superoxides	71-81	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	39-42
17082482-0	2007	The CX3C chemokine fractalkine induces vascular dysfunction by generation of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	77-94	C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1	Rattus norvegicus	19-30
17082482-10	2007	Aortic superoxide formation was enhanced by fractalkine, which was inhibited by diphenyleneiodonium but not by inhibitors of xanthine oxidase or NO synthase.	Superoxides	7-17	C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1	Rattus norvegicus	44-55
17202657-7	2007	CCl4 caused significant changes of activities of the enzymes, MDA level, and the rate of O2*- generation and histopathological changes of acute hepatic injury were noted.	Superoxides	89-91	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
17901563-0	2007	The highly expressed and inducible endogenous NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 in cardiovascular cells acts as a potential superoxide scavenger.	Superoxides	123-133	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	46-78
17901563-1	2007	It has recently been demonstrated that purified NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is able to scavenge superoxide (O2(.-)) though the rate of reaction of O2(.-) with NQO1 is much lower than the rate of enzymatic dismutation catalyzed by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	108-118	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	48-80
17901563-1	2007	It has recently been demonstrated that purified NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is able to scavenge superoxide (O2(.-)) though the rate of reaction of O2(.-) with NQO1 is much lower than the rate of enzymatic dismutation catalyzed by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	108-118	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	82-86
17901563-1	2007	It has recently been demonstrated that purified NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is able to scavenge superoxide (O2(.-)) though the rate of reaction of O2(.-) with NQO1 is much lower than the rate of enzymatic dismutation catalyzed by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	108-118	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	171-175
17901563-1	2007	It has recently been demonstrated that purified NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is able to scavenge superoxide (O2(.-)) though the rate of reaction of O2(.-) with NQO1 is much lower than the rate of enzymatic dismutation catalyzed by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	120-122	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	48-80
17901563-1	2007	It has recently been demonstrated that purified NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is able to scavenge superoxide (O2(.-)) though the rate of reaction of O2(.-) with NQO1 is much lower than the rate of enzymatic dismutation catalyzed by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	120-122	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	82-86
17901563-1	2007	It has recently been demonstrated that purified NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is able to scavenge superoxide (O2(.-)) though the rate of reaction of O2(.-) with NQO1 is much lower than the rate of enzymatic dismutation catalyzed by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	120-122	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	171-175
17901563-1	2007	It has recently been demonstrated that purified NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is able to scavenge superoxide (O2(.-)) though the rate of reaction of O2(.-) with NQO1 is much lower than the rate of enzymatic dismutation catalyzed by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	159-161	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	48-80
17901563-1	2007	It has recently been demonstrated that purified NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is able to scavenge superoxide (O2(.-)) though the rate of reaction of O2(.-) with NQO1 is much lower than the rate of enzymatic dismutation catalyzed by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	159-161	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	82-86
17901563-1	2007	It has recently been demonstrated that purified NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is able to scavenge superoxide (O2(.-)) though the rate of reaction of O2(.-) with NQO1 is much lower than the rate of enzymatic dismutation catalyzed by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	159-161	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	171-175
17901563-2	2007	This study was undertaken to determine if the endogenously expressed NQO1 in cardiovascular cells could scavenge O2(.-).	Superoxides	113-115	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	69-73
17901563-5	2007	Cytosols from H9c2 and human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) were isolated to determine the O2(.-) scavenging ability of the endogenously expressed NQO1 by using pyrogallol autooxidation assay.	Superoxides	96-98	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	152-156
17901563-7	2007	The NADH/NADPH-dependent inhibition of pyrogallol autooxidation by the cytosols was completely abolished by the NQO1-specific inhibitor, ES936, suggesting that the endogenously expressed NQO1 could scavenge O2(.-).	Superoxides	207-209	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	112-116
17901563-7	2007	The NADH/NADPH-dependent inhibition of pyrogallol autooxidation by the cytosols was completely abolished by the NQO1-specific inhibitor, ES936, suggesting that the endogenously expressed NQO1 could scavenge O2(.-).	Superoxides	207-209	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	187-191
17901563-10	2007	5-(Diethoxyphosphoryl)-5-methyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide spin-trapping experiments using potassium superoxide as a O2(.-) generator further confirmed the ability of NQO1 from HASMCs to scavenge O2(.-).	Superoxides	110-112	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	160-164
17901563-10	2007	5-(Diethoxyphosphoryl)-5-methyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide spin-trapping experiments using potassium superoxide as a O2(.-) generator further confirmed the ability of NQO1 from HASMCs to scavenge O2(.-).	Superoxides	189-191	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	160-164
17901563-11	2007	The spin-trapping experiments also showed that induction of NQO1 by D3T in HASMCs augmented the O2(.-) scavenging ability.	Superoxides	96-98	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	60-64
17641392-3	2007	Along with minimizing NO scavenging by superoxide and reducing the formation of peroxynitrite, these complexes may also prolong sGC stability by retarding its degradation.	Superoxides	39-49	sarcoglycan beta	Homo sapiens	128-131
17894858-15	2007	Those exosomes have an active role in vascular signaling as redox-active particles that can induce endothelial cell caspase-3 activation and apoptosis by generating superoxide, NO and peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	165-175	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	116-125
17143071-7	2007	Angiotensin II-nitric oxide interactions are modulated by reactive oxygen species, as shown by angiotensin II type 1-mediated activation of superoxide and depression of antioxidant enzymes leading to reduced nitric oxide concentration - mechanisms that may be also important in angiotensin II-dependent hypertension.	Superoxides	140-150	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
17143071-7	2007	Angiotensin II-nitric oxide interactions are modulated by reactive oxygen species, as shown by angiotensin II type 1-mediated activation of superoxide and depression of antioxidant enzymes leading to reduced nitric oxide concentration - mechanisms that may be also important in angiotensin II-dependent hypertension.	Superoxides	140-150	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	95-109
17113923-2	2006	Previous reports have shown that angiotensin II (Ang II) induces the production of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)), and impairment of endothelial function in cerebral microvessels in vivo.	Superoxides	83-99	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	33-47
17138940-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: Angiotensin II (AngII) disrupts the regulation of the cerebral circulation through superoxide, a reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by a nox2-containing NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	94-104	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	11-25
17138940-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: Angiotensin II (AngII) disrupts the regulation of the cerebral circulation through superoxide, a reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by a nox2-containing NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	94-104	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	27-32
17138940-2	2007	We tested the hypothesis that AngII-derived superoxide reacts with nitric oxide (NO) to form peroxynitrite, which, in turn, contributes to the vascular dysfunction.	Superoxides	44-54	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	30-35
17138940-8	2007	CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide evidence that peroxynitrite, formed from NO and nox2-derived superoxide, contributes to the deleterious cerebrovascular effects of AngII.	Superoxides	97-107	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	167-172
17192473-2	2007	We recently reported that in aortic endothelial cells, Ang II induces endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) uncoupling to produce superoxide (O(2)*(-)) rather than nitric oxide (NO*), upon loss of the tetrahydrobiopterin (H(4)B) salvage enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR).	Superoxides	133-143	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	55-61
17192473-2	2007	We recently reported that in aortic endothelial cells, Ang II induces endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) uncoupling to produce superoxide (O(2)*(-)) rather than nitric oxide (NO*), upon loss of the tetrahydrobiopterin (H(4)B) salvage enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR).	Superoxides	145-148	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	55-61
17541276-12	2007	Finally, theophylline attenuated the superoxide anion generation from IL-8-stimulated neutrophils on the Matrigel-coated plates.	Superoxides	37-53	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	70-74
17099894-7	2007	mSOD1 mouse MNs accumulate mitochondria from the axon terminals and generate higher levels of superoxide, nitric oxide, and peroxynitrite than MNs in control mice.	Superoxides	94-104	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	0-5
17097745-3	2007	Stable overexpression of SOD1 caused significant decreases in superoxide and nitric oxide production, with concurrent increases in hydrogen peroxide following LPS.	Superoxides	62-72	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	25-29
17898468-7	2007	SOD activity was determined by the stopped-flow analysis and cytochrome c assay, which allowed the evaluation of k(cat) and IC(50) for the reaction with a superoxide anion radical (.O(2)(-)).	Superoxides	155-179	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	61-73
17293058-4	2007	Superoxide can directly quench NO; moreover, by giving rise to peroxynitrite, it can oxidize the cNOS cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), thereby suppressing cNOS activity and converting it to superoxide generator.	Superoxides	0-10	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	97-101
17293058-4	2007	Superoxide can directly quench NO; moreover, by giving rise to peroxynitrite, it can oxidize the cNOS cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), thereby suppressing cNOS activity and converting it to superoxide generator.	Superoxides	0-10	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	158-162
17293058-4	2007	Superoxide can directly quench NO; moreover, by giving rise to peroxynitrite, it can oxidize the cNOS cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), thereby suppressing cNOS activity and converting it to superoxide generator.	Superoxides	193-203	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	97-101
17060455-6	2007	This provides new molecular insights into regulation of the neutrophil NADPH oxidase, suggesting that chemoattractant-stimulated superoxide production can be amplified by a positive feedback loop in which p67(phox) targets Vav1-mediated Rac activation.	Superoxides	129-139	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	205-208
17060455-6	2007	This provides new molecular insights into regulation of the neutrophil NADPH oxidase, suggesting that chemoattractant-stimulated superoxide production can be amplified by a positive feedback loop in which p67(phox) targets Vav1-mediated Rac activation.	Superoxides	129-139	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	237-240
17284935-9	2007	These results demonstrated that PEDF could inhibit diabetes- or AGE-induced RAGE gene expression by blocking the superoxide-mediated NF-kappaB activation.	Superoxides	113-123	advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor	Rattus norvegicus	76-80
17164139-1	2007	When working on the regulation of prostacyclin synthase (PGIS), we found that PGIS was selectively inhibited by peroxynitrite (ONOO-), a potent oxidant formed by the combination of superoxide anion and nitric oxide (NO) at a rate of diffusion-controlled.	Superoxides	181-197	prostaglandin I2 synthase	Homo sapiens	34-55
17164139-1	2007	When working on the regulation of prostacyclin synthase (PGIS), we found that PGIS was selectively inhibited by peroxynitrite (ONOO-), a potent oxidant formed by the combination of superoxide anion and nitric oxide (NO) at a rate of diffusion-controlled.	Superoxides	181-197	prostaglandin I2 synthase	Homo sapiens	57-61
17164139-1	2007	When working on the regulation of prostacyclin synthase (PGIS), we found that PGIS was selectively inhibited by peroxynitrite (ONOO-), a potent oxidant formed by the combination of superoxide anion and nitric oxide (NO) at a rate of diffusion-controlled.	Superoxides	181-197	prostaglandin I2 synthase	Homo sapiens	78-82
17164139-8	2007	We conclude that the nitration of PGIS nitration might be a new pathogenic mechanism for superoxide-induced endothelium dysfunction often observed in vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, ischemia, endotoxic shock, and diabetes.	Superoxides	89-99	prostaglandin I2 synthase	Homo sapiens	34-38
17113923-2	2006	Previous reports have shown that angiotensin II (Ang II) induces the production of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)), and impairment of endothelial function in cerebral microvessels in vivo.	Superoxides	83-99	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	49-55
17113923-2	2006	Previous reports have shown that angiotensin II (Ang II) induces the production of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)), and impairment of endothelial function in cerebral microvessels in vivo.	Superoxides	101-105	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	33-47
17113923-2	2006	Previous reports have shown that angiotensin II (Ang II) induces the production of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)), and impairment of endothelial function in cerebral microvessels in vivo.	Superoxides	101-105	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	49-55
17113923-12	2006	Significant correlation was found between O(2)(-) positive cells and Ang II positive cell in the cerebrum.	Superoxides	42-46	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	69-75
17159810-12	2006	The structure of these complexes is similar to the active site of Cu,Zn-SOD (superoxide dismutase) and superoxide radical scavenger activity of these complexes is known.	Superoxides	77-87	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	66-75
17384286-0	2006	Superoxide anions are involved in doxorubicin-induced ERK activation in hepatocyte cultures.	Superoxides	0-17	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	54-57
17172431-9	2006	Reexpression of wild-type p53 in PC3 cells resulted in increases in superoxide production, apoptosis, and caspase-9 activity and a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential following cotreatment with SeMet and METase.	Superoxides	68-78	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	26-29
17128987-1	2006	We have previously shown that redox agents including superoxide anion radical and nitrogen dioxide can react with GXXXXGK(S/T)C motif-containing GTPases (i.e., Rac1, Cdc42, and RhoA) to stimulate guanine nucleotide release.	Superoxides	53-77	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	177-181
16973969-6	2006	LPS treatment enhanced protein levels of p22(phox), a catalytic subunit of NADPH oxidase, and increased NADPH oxidase activity and levels of superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	141-151	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	0-3
17043164-1	2006	The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that loss of a single copy of the gene for CuZn superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) increases vascular superoxide levels and produces vascular dysfunction with aging.	Superoxides	98-108	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	120-127
17043164-8	2006	Vascular superoxide levels were increased in aorta in old CuZnSOD(+/+) mice and increased further in CuZnSOD(+/-) mice with aging.	Superoxides	9-19	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	58-65
17043164-8	2006	Vascular superoxide levels were increased in aorta in old CuZnSOD(+/+) mice and increased further in CuZnSOD(+/-) mice with aging.	Superoxides	9-19	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	101-108
17043164-9	2006	These findings provide the first direct evidence that normal CuZnSOD expression protects endothelial function and that deficiency in a single copy of the gene that encodes CuZnSOD produces increases in superoxide and marked impairment of endothelial function with aging.	Superoxides	202-212	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	172-179
17159805-3	2006	Myeloperoxidase (MPO), a major NO scavenger and a marker of oxidative stress, as well as increased inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, may affect the NO-superoxide balance, critical for cellular redox balance in the cardiovascular system at physiologic conditions.	Superoxides	168-178	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	99-130
17159805-3	2006	Myeloperoxidase (MPO), a major NO scavenger and a marker of oxidative stress, as well as increased inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, may affect the NO-superoxide balance, critical for cellular redox balance in the cardiovascular system at physiologic conditions.	Superoxides	168-178	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	132-136
16643813-13	2006	Neutrophil superoxide generation is significantly decreased by inhibition of thromboxane synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, or phospholipase A2.	Superoxides	11-21	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	99-115
17020759-5	2006	In addition, oxidized ATP per se decreased the intracellular superoxide concentration, whereas ATP and the P2X(7) receptor-selective agonist 3"-O-(4-benzoylbenzoyl)adenosine 5"-triphosphate (BzATP) stimulated intracellular superoxide production, an effect inhibited by oxidized ATP.	Superoxides	223-233	purinergic receptor P2X 7	Homo sapiens	107-122
16860001-13	2006	Superoxide anion may play a major role in angiotensin II contractions of human resistance arteries in the presence of cardiovascular disease.	Superoxides	0-16	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	42-56
17070425-11	2006	Amlodipine treatment in HCD-fed ApoE KO mice also reduced superoxide production in the ischemic area of the brain.	Superoxides	58-68	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	32-36
16643813-13	2006	Neutrophil superoxide generation is significantly decreased by inhibition of thromboxane synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, or phospholipase A2.	Superoxides	11-21	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	120-136
16643813-14	2006	NS-398 inhibits neutrophil superoxide generation as effectively as aspirin, suggesting that cyclooxygenase-2 plays an important role in neutrophil superoxide production mediated by thromboxane.	Superoxides	27-37	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	92-108
16643813-14	2006	NS-398 inhibits neutrophil superoxide generation as effectively as aspirin, suggesting that cyclooxygenase-2 plays an important role in neutrophil superoxide production mediated by thromboxane.	Superoxides	147-157	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	92-108
17052202-3	2006	Under physiological conditions, superoxide, formed as a by-product of respiration, activates UCP2.	Superoxides	32-42	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	93-97
17034361-0	2006	Adiponectin inhibits superoxide generation by human neutrophils.	Superoxides	21-31	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Homo sapiens	0-11
16822952-8	2006	TNF-alpha increased reactive oxygen species generation, including hydrogen peroxide and superoxide radicals, as detected by dihydrorhodamine-123 and dihydroethidium.	Superoxides	88-98	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	0-9
17052202-5	2006	It is suggested that the physiological role of UCP2 is to prevent excessive superoxide generation through a feedback loop.	Superoxides	76-86	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	47-51
17023270-3	2006	The partially purified extract of V. coloratum (PPE-SVC) potently inhibited formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (FMLP)-induced superoxide anion generation and elastase release in a concentration-dependent manner with IC(50) values of 0.58+/-0.03 and 4.93+/-0.54 microg/ml, respectively.	Superoxides	135-151	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	121-125
17056004-1	2006	Hydrogen peroxide production in isolated pea thylakoids was studied in the presence of cytochrome c to prevent disproportionation of superoxide radicals outside of the thylakoid membranes.	Superoxides	133-143	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	87-99
17015770-1	2006	Low rates of angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion raise blood pressure, renal vascular resistance (RVR), NADPH oxidase activity, and superoxide.	Superoxides	129-139	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	13-27
17015770-1	2006	Low rates of angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion raise blood pressure, renal vascular resistance (RVR), NADPH oxidase activity, and superoxide.	Superoxides	129-139	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	29-35
17122966-0	2006	Superoxide production and NADPH oxidase expression in human rheumatoid synovial cells: regulation by interleukin-1beta and tumour necrosis factor-alpha.	Superoxides	0-10	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	101-118
17122966-1	2006	OBJECTIVES: to evaluate the rheumatoid synovial cell capacity to produce superoxide anion in response to interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and to study the NADPH oxidase involvement in this production.	Superoxides	73-89	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	105-122
17122966-1	2006	OBJECTIVES: to evaluate the rheumatoid synovial cell capacity to produce superoxide anion in response to interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and to study the NADPH oxidase involvement in this production.	Superoxides	73-89	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	124-132
17122966-1	2006	OBJECTIVES: to evaluate the rheumatoid synovial cell capacity to produce superoxide anion in response to interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and to study the NADPH oxidase involvement in this production.	Superoxides	73-89	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	168-177
17030506-3	2006	fMLP-stimulated superoxide production was completely abolished by SB203580, a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor, whereas anisomycin, a p38 MAP kinase activator, did not induce superoxide production, indicating that p38 MAP kinase was essential, but not sufficient, for NADPH oxidase activation.	Superoxides	16-26	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
17030506-3	2006	fMLP-stimulated superoxide production was completely abolished by SB203580, a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor, whereas anisomycin, a p38 MAP kinase activator, did not induce superoxide production, indicating that p38 MAP kinase was essential, but not sufficient, for NADPH oxidase activation.	Superoxides	16-26	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	78-92
17030506-3	2006	fMLP-stimulated superoxide production was completely abolished by SB203580, a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor, whereas anisomycin, a p38 MAP kinase activator, did not induce superoxide production, indicating that p38 MAP kinase was essential, but not sufficient, for NADPH oxidase activation.	Superoxides	16-26	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	78-81
17030506-4	2006	Anisomycin pretreatment strongly activated p38 MAP kinase in fMLP-stimulated cells, accompanied by greatly increased superoxide production, suggesting that p38 MAP kinase determines the extent of the fMLP-stimulated NADPH oxidase activity.	Superoxides	117-127	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	156-159
17030506-4	2006	Anisomycin pretreatment strongly activated p38 MAP kinase in fMLP-stimulated cells, accompanied by greatly increased superoxide production, suggesting that p38 MAP kinase determines the extent of the fMLP-stimulated NADPH oxidase activity.	Superoxides	117-127	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	200-204
17030506-5	2006	Furthermore, superoxide production was remarkably reactivated by cytochalasin B addition after fMLP-stimulated production had disappeared, and this was correlated with highly activated p38 MAP kinase.	Superoxides	13-23	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	95-99
17030506-5	2006	Furthermore, superoxide production was remarkably reactivated by cytochalasin B addition after fMLP-stimulated production had disappeared, and this was correlated with highly activated p38 MAP kinase.	Superoxides	13-23	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	185-199
17091389-8	2006	The induction of inducible NO synthase and the overproduction of NO and superoxide anions by LPS were also reduced by LK-4.	Superoxides	72-89	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	93-96
17056570-2	2006	Clustering of FcgammaRs results in the activation of Vav proteins, Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factors, and results in robust superoxide generation through the NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	134-144	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	71-74
17043238-8	2006	Compared with wild-type microglia, mSOD1(G93A) microglia produced and released more superoxide and nitrite+nitrate, and induced more neuronal death.	Superoxides	84-94	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	35-40
17015180-3	2006	The current paradigm is that the presence of SOD results in a lower level of H(2)O(2) because it would prevent the non-enzymatic reactions of superoxide that form H(2)O(2).	Superoxides	142-152	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	45-48
17015180-6	2006	We found that SOD could change the rate of formation of H(2)O(2) in cases where equilibrium-specific reactions form superoxide with an equilibrium constant (K) less than 1.	Superoxides	116-126	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	14-17
16822492-8	2006	The Ang II treatment also increased vascular superoxide anion production and expression of nox1 and p22phox NADPH oxidase subunits.	Superoxides	45-61	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	4-10
17023265-2	2006	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is a major superoxide scavenger in human plasma and vascular tissues.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-42
16741139-10	2006	ANG II further increased superoxide production in LP only, and this was inhibited by coincubation with diphenylene iodonium or apocynin (inhibitor of NADPH oxidase complex).	Superoxides	25-35	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
16741139-12	2006	In conclusion, vasoconstriction to ANG II is exaggerated in this model of developmental programming of hypertension, secondary to enhanced vascular production of superoxide anion by NADPH oxidase with concomitant increase of AT1R expression.	Superoxides	162-178	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	35-41
16962985-0	2006	Nrf2 regulates an adaptive response protecting against oxidative damage following diquat-mediated formation of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	111-127	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	0-4
16873728-2	2006	The purpose of this study was to determine whether SOD2 provides protection against increased vascular superoxide and endothelial dysfunction in apoE-deficient mice.	Superoxides	103-113	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	51-55
16873728-6	2006	In carotid artery, superoxide was increased (67+/-5.2 relative fluorescence intensity/vessel area [RI] in apoe/sod2 mice, 31+/-3.1 RI in apoE/SOD2 mice, P&lt;0.05), and relaxation to acetylcholine was impaired in apoe/sod2 mice versus apoe/ SOD2, apoE/sod2, apoE/SOD2 mice.	Superoxides	19-29	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	106-110
16873728-6	2006	In carotid artery, superoxide was increased (67+/-5.2 relative fluorescence intensity/vessel area [RI] in apoe/sod2 mice, 31+/-3.1 RI in apoE/SOD2 mice, P&lt;0.05), and relaxation to acetylcholine was impaired in apoe/sod2 mice versus apoe/ SOD2, apoE/sod2, apoE/SOD2 mice.	Superoxides	19-29	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	111-115
16873728-6	2006	In carotid artery, superoxide was increased (67+/-5.2 relative fluorescence intensity/vessel area [RI] in apoe/sod2 mice, 31+/-3.1 RI in apoE/SOD2 mice, P&lt;0.05), and relaxation to acetylcholine was impaired in apoe/sod2 mice versus apoe/ SOD2, apoE/sod2, apoE/SOD2 mice.	Superoxides	19-29	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	137-141
16873728-6	2006	In carotid artery, superoxide was increased (67+/-5.2 relative fluorescence intensity/vessel area [RI] in apoe/sod2 mice, 31+/-3.1 RI in apoE/SOD2 mice, P&lt;0.05), and relaxation to acetylcholine was impaired in apoe/sod2 mice versus apoe/ SOD2, apoE/sod2, apoE/SOD2 mice.	Superoxides	19-29	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	142-146
16873728-6	2006	In carotid artery, superoxide was increased (67+/-5.2 relative fluorescence intensity/vessel area [RI] in apoe/sod2 mice, 31+/-3.1 RI in apoE/SOD2 mice, P&lt;0.05), and relaxation to acetylcholine was impaired in apoe/sod2 mice versus apoe/ SOD2, apoE/sod2, apoE/SOD2 mice.	Superoxides	19-29	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	213-217
16873728-6	2006	In carotid artery, superoxide was increased (67+/-5.2 relative fluorescence intensity/vessel area [RI] in apoe/sod2 mice, 31+/-3.1 RI in apoE/SOD2 mice, P&lt;0.05), and relaxation to acetylcholine was impaired in apoe/sod2 mice versus apoe/ SOD2, apoE/sod2, apoE/SOD2 mice.	Superoxides	19-29	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	218-222
16873728-6	2006	In carotid artery, superoxide was increased (67+/-5.2 relative fluorescence intensity/vessel area [RI] in apoe/sod2 mice, 31+/-3.1 RI in apoE/SOD2 mice, P&lt;0.05), and relaxation to acetylcholine was impaired in apoe/sod2 mice versus apoe/ SOD2, apoE/sod2, apoE/SOD2 mice.	Superoxides	19-29	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	213-217
16873728-6	2006	In carotid artery, superoxide was increased (67+/-5.2 relative fluorescence intensity/vessel area [RI] in apoe/sod2 mice, 31+/-3.1 RI in apoE/SOD2 mice, P&lt;0.05), and relaxation to acetylcholine was impaired in apoe/sod2 mice versus apoe/ SOD2, apoE/sod2, apoE/SOD2 mice.	Superoxides	19-29	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	241-245
16873728-6	2006	In carotid artery, superoxide was increased (67+/-5.2 relative fluorescence intensity/vessel area [RI] in apoe/sod2 mice, 31+/-3.1 RI in apoE/SOD2 mice, P&lt;0.05), and relaxation to acetylcholine was impaired in apoe/sod2 mice versus apoe/ SOD2, apoE/sod2, apoE/SOD2 mice.	Superoxides	19-29	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	247-251
16873728-6	2006	In carotid artery, superoxide was increased (67+/-5.2 relative fluorescence intensity/vessel area [RI] in apoe/sod2 mice, 31+/-3.1 RI in apoE/SOD2 mice, P&lt;0.05), and relaxation to acetylcholine was impaired in apoe/sod2 mice versus apoe/ SOD2, apoE/sod2, apoE/SOD2 mice.	Superoxides	19-29	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	218-222
16873728-6	2006	In carotid artery, superoxide was increased (67+/-5.2 relative fluorescence intensity/vessel area [RI] in apoe/sod2 mice, 31+/-3.1 RI in apoE/SOD2 mice, P&lt;0.05), and relaxation to acetylcholine was impaired in apoe/sod2 mice versus apoe/ SOD2, apoE/sod2, apoE/SOD2 mice.	Superoxides	19-29	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	247-251
16873728-6	2006	In carotid artery, superoxide was increased (67+/-5.2 relative fluorescence intensity/vessel area [RI] in apoe/sod2 mice, 31+/-3.1 RI in apoE/SOD2 mice, P&lt;0.05), and relaxation to acetylcholine was impaired in apoe/sod2 mice versus apoe/ SOD2, apoE/sod2, apoE/SOD2 mice.	Superoxides	19-29	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	241-245
16873728-8	2006	In aorta, superoxide levels were increased and relaxation to acetylcholine was impaired in apoe/sod2 and apoe/SOD2 mice, but responses were similar in apoe/sod2 and apoe/SOD2 mice.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	96-100
16873728-8	2006	In aorta, superoxide levels were increased and relaxation to acetylcholine was impaired in apoe/sod2 and apoe/SOD2 mice, but responses were similar in apoe/sod2 and apoe/SOD2 mice.	Superoxides	10-20	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	105-109
16873728-8	2006	In aorta, superoxide levels were increased and relaxation to acetylcholine was impaired in apoe/sod2 and apoe/SOD2 mice, but responses were similar in apoe/sod2 and apoe/SOD2 mice.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	110-114
16873728-8	2006	In aorta, superoxide levels were increased and relaxation to acetylcholine was impaired in apoe/sod2 and apoe/SOD2 mice, but responses were similar in apoe/sod2 and apoe/SOD2 mice.	Superoxides	10-20	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	105-109
16873728-8	2006	In aorta, superoxide levels were increased and relaxation to acetylcholine was impaired in apoe/sod2 and apoe/SOD2 mice, but responses were similar in apoe/sod2 and apoe/SOD2 mice.	Superoxides	10-20	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	105-109
16765442-3	2006	Extracellularly generated superoxide elicited Ca(2+) transients and inhibited angiotensin II-induced cytoplasmic Ca(2+) signaling.	Superoxides	26-36	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	78-92
16890211-1	2006	OBJECTIVE: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide have been linked to the hypertrophic response of the heart to stimuli including angiotensin II (AngII), mechanical stretch, and pressure overload.	Superoxides	49-59	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	140-154
16890211-1	2006	OBJECTIVE: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide have been linked to the hypertrophic response of the heart to stimuli including angiotensin II (AngII), mechanical stretch, and pressure overload.	Superoxides	49-59	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	156-161
16890211-7	2006	RESULTS: AngII induced increases in cardiomyocyte size (to 176 +/- 9% n = 8 p &lt; 0.001, at 48 h), beta-myosin heavy chain expression (to 4.0 +/- 1.6-fold n = 6 p &lt; 0.05, at 48 h), c-fos expression (to 1.9 +/- 0.5-fold n = 7 p &lt; 0.01, at 6 h), superoxide generation (to 181+/-21% n = 8 p &lt; 0.005, at 24 h), and expression of the gp91phox subunit of NADPH oxidase (to 2.4 +/- 0.5-fold n = 7 p &lt; 0.05, at 48 h).	Superoxides	251-261	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	9-14
16890211-10	2006	ANP and tempol also significantly inhibited ET1-induced increases in cardiomyocyte size and superoxide generation, but had no effect on markers of hypertrophy when studied alone.	Superoxides	92-102	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	44-47
16962276-2	2006	A mev-1 mutation in the cytochrome b large subunit (SDHC) of complex II results in superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) overproduction and therefore leads to apoptosis and precocious aging in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.	Superoxides	83-99	Succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial	Caenorhabditis elegans	2-7
16962276-2	2006	A mev-1 mutation in the cytochrome b large subunit (SDHC) of complex II results in superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) overproduction and therefore leads to apoptosis and precocious aging in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.	Superoxides	83-99	succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit C, integral membrane protein	Mus musculus	52-56
16962276-2	2006	A mev-1 mutation in the cytochrome b large subunit (SDHC) of complex II results in superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) overproduction and therefore leads to apoptosis and precocious aging in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.	Superoxides	101-105	Succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial	Caenorhabditis elegans	2-7
16962276-2	2006	A mev-1 mutation in the cytochrome b large subunit (SDHC) of complex II results in superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) overproduction and therefore leads to apoptosis and precocious aging in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.	Superoxides	101-105	succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit C, integral membrane protein	Mus musculus	52-56
16940222-3	2006	Angiotensin II infusion (1 mg/kg per day for 7 days) caused endothelial dysfunction in male Wistar rats and increased vascular superoxide as detected by lucigenin-derived chemiluminescence, as well as dihydroethidine staining.	Superoxides	127-137	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
17050190-6	2006	Activation of gp91phox involves the integrated function of cytoplasmic proteins such as p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and the small guanosine triphosphatase Rac; these proteins translocate to the phagosomal membrane to interact with cytochrome b558, leading to superoxide production.	Superoxides	258-268	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	154-157
16971657-5	2006	The possibility that increases in superoxide and related products that are induced by low K intake were responsible for stimulating phosphorylation of P38 and ERK also was supported by the finding that application of H(2)O(2) increased the phosphorylation of ERK and P38 in the cultured mouse collecting duct cells.	Superoxides	34-44	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	159-162
16971657-5	2006	The possibility that increases in superoxide and related products that are induced by low K intake were responsible for stimulating phosphorylation of P38 and ERK also was supported by the finding that application of H(2)O(2) increased the phosphorylation of ERK and P38 in the cultured mouse collecting duct cells.	Superoxides	34-44	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	259-262
16971657-11	2006	It is concluded that low K intake-induced increases in superoxide levels are responsible for stimulation of P38 and ERK and that MAPK inhibit the SK channels by stimulating PTK expression and via a PTK-independent mechanism.	Superoxides	55-65	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	116-119
16807359-6	2006	More importantly, IL-10 failed to protect DA neurons in cultures from mice lacking NADPH oxidase (PHOX), a key enzyme for extracellular superoxide production in immune cells, suggesting the critical role of PHOX in IL-10 neuroprotection.	Superoxides	136-146	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Rattus norvegicus	98-102
17049599-1	2006	Angiotensin II (Ang II) and leptin generate statin-inhibitable superoxide anion production that accounts for only part of the entire superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	63-79	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
17049599-1	2006	Angiotensin II (Ang II) and leptin generate statin-inhibitable superoxide anion production that accounts for only part of the entire superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	63-79	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	16-22
17049599-1	2006	Angiotensin II (Ang II) and leptin generate statin-inhibitable superoxide anion production that accounts for only part of the entire superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	133-149	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
17049599-1	2006	Angiotensin II (Ang II) and leptin generate statin-inhibitable superoxide anion production that accounts for only part of the entire superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	133-149	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	16-22
17049599-6	2006	According to our results; (1) superoxide anion generation in HC-monocytes was elevated after Ang II, leptin and FMLP-stimulation, whereas PMA and A23187-stimulation had lower stimulating effect in HC than in control cells.	Superoxides	30-46	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	93-99
17049599-6	2006	According to our results; (1) superoxide anion generation in HC-monocytes was elevated after Ang II, leptin and FMLP-stimulation, whereas PMA and A23187-stimulation had lower stimulating effect in HC than in control cells.	Superoxides	30-46	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	112-116
17049599-8	2006	(3) The Ang II and leptin-induced total superoxide anion generation and cholesterol synthesis were more elevated in HC than in control monocytes.	Superoxides	40-56	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	8-14
16908017-8	2006	Generation of superoxide (O(2)(-)) of the smooth muscle cells (with NADH presence), measured using the lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence, was markedly increased by angiotensin II (100 nM) and homocysteine (30 microM).	Superoxides	14-24	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	167-181
16908017-8	2006	Generation of superoxide (O(2)(-)) of the smooth muscle cells (with NADH presence), measured using the lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence, was markedly increased by angiotensin II (100 nM) and homocysteine (30 microM).	Superoxides	26-30	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	167-181
16829532-5	2006	Introduction of intracellular- or extracellular-generated O2- during NO generation resulted in a concomitant increase in oxidative intermediates with a decrease in steady-state NO concentrations and a proportional reduction in the levels of sGC, ERK, HIF-1alpha, and p53 regulation.	Superoxides	58-60	sarcoglycan beta	Homo sapiens	241-244
16829532-5	2006	Introduction of intracellular- or extracellular-generated O2- during NO generation resulted in a concomitant increase in oxidative intermediates with a decrease in steady-state NO concentrations and a proportional reduction in the levels of sGC, ERK, HIF-1alpha, and p53 regulation.	Superoxides	58-60	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	246-249
16829532-5	2006	Introduction of intracellular- or extracellular-generated O2- during NO generation resulted in a concomitant increase in oxidative intermediates with a decrease in steady-state NO concentrations and a proportional reduction in the levels of sGC, ERK, HIF-1alpha, and p53 regulation.	Superoxides	58-60	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	251-261
16829532-5	2006	Introduction of intracellular- or extracellular-generated O2- during NO generation resulted in a concomitant increase in oxidative intermediates with a decrease in steady-state NO concentrations and a proportional reduction in the levels of sGC, ERK, HIF-1alpha, and p53 regulation.	Superoxides	58-60	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	267-270
16829532-8	2006	H2O2 in bolus or generated from the dismutation of O2- by SOD, was cytotoxic at high concentrations and activated p53 independent of NO.	Superoxides	2-4	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	114-117
16987008-5	2006	Here the authors describe how the novel superoxide-producing Nox oxidases (Nox1, 3, 4, and 5) with different functions are regulated by p22( phox ), the Nox organizers, the Nox activators, and Rac, and how their expression is controlled at the transcriptional level.	Superoxides	40-50	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	193-196
17017857-2	2006	The cytotoxic effects of these quinones are mainly due to the following two factors: (i) inhibition of DNA topoisomerase-II and, (ii) formation of semiquinone radical that can transfer an electron to oxygen to produce super oxide, which is catalyzed by flavoenzymes such as NADPH-cytochrome-P-450 reductase.	Superoxides	218-229	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	274-306
16781079-0	2006	PIN inhibits nitric oxide and superoxide production from purified neuronal nitric oxide synthase.	Superoxides	30-40	dynein light chain LC8-type 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
16894053-3	2006	We hypothesized that O(2)(-) stimulates NaCl absorption by activating protein kinase C (PKC).	Superoxides	21-26	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	88-91
16894053-9	2006	The PKC-alpha/beta-selective inhibitor Go976 (100 nmol/L) blocked the ability of O(2)(-) to stimulate Cl(-) absorption by isolated perfused medullary thick ascending limbs (Delta4.5+/-15.0%; n=5).	Superoxides	81-88	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	4-13
16894053-11	2006	We conclude that PKC-alpha is required for O(2)(-)-stimulated NaCl absorption in the thick ascending limb.	Superoxides	43-50	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	17-26
17122956-3	2006	Under the conditions of oxidative stress, superoxide dismutase (SOD) acts as an endogenous cellular defense system to degrade superoxide (O2-) into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	42-52	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	64-67
16913815-1	2006	The enzyme Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD) is a ubiquitous oxireductase, which is responsible for the cellular defense against oxidative stress caused by the high toxicity of the superoxide radical, and has been also linked to some cases of familiar amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.	Superoxides	187-205	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	11-38
16923948-2	2006	In previous studies, we showed that blocking neutrophil influx by treatment with SB265610, a selective CXCR2 antagonist, could partly reduce superoxide accumulation and preserve alveolar development in 60% O(2)-exposed newborn rats.	Superoxides	141-151	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus	103-108
16923948-2	2006	In previous studies, we showed that blocking neutrophil influx by treatment with SB265610, a selective CXCR2 antagonist, could partly reduce superoxide accumulation and preserve alveolar development in 60% O(2)-exposed newborn rats.	Superoxides	206-210	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus	103-108
16913815-1	2006	The enzyme Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD) is a ubiquitous oxireductase, which is responsible for the cellular defense against oxidative stress caused by the high toxicity of the superoxide radical, and has been also linked to some cases of familiar amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.	Superoxides	187-205	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	40-49
16626305-8	2006	Hcy treatment (20-100 microM) caused an activation of NADPH oxidase and an increase in the superoxide anion level in monocytes (THP-1, a human monocytic cell line).	Superoxides	91-107	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	128-133
16670255-2	2006	In this study, we used genetic tools to test the hypothesis that increased formation of superoxide (O2-*) radicals from a Rac1-regulated Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase is a key upstream mediator of ANG II-induced activation of serine-threonine kinase Akt, and that this signaling cascade plays a crucial role in ANG II-dependent cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.	Superoxides	88-100	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	197-203
16626305-14	2006	Taken together, these results indicate that Hcy-stimulated superoxide anion production in monocytes is regulated through PKC-dependent phosphorylation of p47phox and p67phox subunits of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	59-75	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	121-124
16670255-2	2006	In this study, we used genetic tools to test the hypothesis that increased formation of superoxide (O2-*) radicals from a Rac1-regulated Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase is a key upstream mediator of ANG II-induced activation of serine-threonine kinase Akt, and that this signaling cascade plays a crucial role in ANG II-dependent cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.	Superoxides	88-100	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	311-317
16670255-8	2006	These findings suggest that O2-* generated by a Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase is a central mediator of ANG II-induced Akt activation and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and that dysregulation of this signaling cascade may play an important role in cardiac hypertrophy.	Superoxides	28-30	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	103-109
16914587-7	2006	The inhibition of SOD1 activity in endothelial cells is dose and time dependent and leads to an increase in the steady-state levels of superoxide anions, resulting in the inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation without apparent induction of apoptosis.	Superoxides	135-152	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	18-22
16489119-6	2006	The results showed that exposure of cells to silica led to NFAT transactivation and TNF-alpha induction, where superoxide anion radical (O(2)(-).	Superoxides	111-135	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	84-93
16814765-6	2006	The cAMP response was also inhibited by pre-treatment with the specific peroxide scavenger, ebselen, but not superoxide dismutase, or NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), thus, suggesting the possible involvement of a peroxide rather than O(2)(-) or nitric oxide (NO).	Superoxides	245-252	cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide	Homo sapiens	4-8
16762923-0	2006	Direct involvement of the small GTPase Rac in activation of the superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase Nox1.	Superoxides	64-74	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	39-42
16762923-1	2006	Activation of the non-phagocytic superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase Nox1, complexed with p22(phox) at the membrane, requires its regulatory soluble proteins Noxo1 and Noxa1.	Superoxides	33-43	NADPH oxidase activator 1	Homo sapiens	167-172
16762923-4	2006	Electropermeabilized HeLa cells, ectopically expressing Nox1, Noxo1, and Noxa1, produce superoxide in a GTP-dependent manner, which is abrogated by expression of a mutant Noxa1(R103E), defective in Rac binding.	Superoxides	88-98	NADPH oxidase activator 1	Homo sapiens	73-78
16762923-4	2006	Electropermeabilized HeLa cells, ectopically expressing Nox1, Noxo1, and Noxa1, produce superoxide in a GTP-dependent manner, which is abrogated by expression of a mutant Noxa1(R103E), defective in Rac binding.	Superoxides	88-98	NADPH oxidase activator 1	Homo sapiens	171-176
16762923-4	2006	Electropermeabilized HeLa cells, ectopically expressing Nox1, Noxo1, and Noxa1, produce superoxide in a GTP-dependent manner, which is abrogated by expression of a mutant Noxa1(R103E), defective in Rac binding.	Superoxides	88-98	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	198-201
16762923-5	2006	Superoxide production in Nox1-expressing HeLa and Caco-2 cells is decreased by depletion or sequestration of Rac; on the other hand, it is enhanced by expression of the constitutively active Rac1(Q61L), but not by that of a mutant Rac1 with the A27K substitution, deficient in binding to Noxa1.	Superoxides	0-10	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	109-112
16762923-5	2006	Superoxide production in Nox1-expressing HeLa and Caco-2 cells is decreased by depletion or sequestration of Rac; on the other hand, it is enhanced by expression of the constitutively active Rac1(Q61L), but not by that of a mutant Rac1 with the A27K substitution, deficient in binding to Noxa1.	Superoxides	0-10	NADPH oxidase activator 1	Homo sapiens	288-293
16489119-6	2006	The results showed that exposure of cells to silica led to NFAT transactivation and TNF-alpha induction, where superoxide anion radical (O(2)(-).	Superoxides	137-141	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	84-93
16489119-9	2006	This study demonstrated that silica was able to activate NFAT in an O(2)(-).-dependent manner, which was required for TNF-alpha induction.	Superoxides	68-72	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	118-127
16603691-7	2006	These findings suggest that 1) agonist-induced Ca2+ responses and NO levels are reduced in aortas of rats on a HS diet; 2) increased vascular superoxide levels contribute to NO destruction, and, eventually, to impaired Ca2+ signaling in the vascular endothelial cells; and 3) reduced circulating ANG II levels during elevated dietary salt lead to elevated superoxide levels, impaired endothelial Ca2+ signaling, and reduced NO production in the endothelium.	Superoxides	142-152	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	296-302
16864727-1	2006	BACKGROUND: Angiotensin II (Ang II) contributes to vascular pathology in part by stimulating NADPH oxidase activity, leading to increased formation of superoxide (O2-).	Superoxides	151-161	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	12-26
16714011-4	2006	RESULTS: Mamushi aqueous extract markedly suppressed fMLP-induced superoxide generation in a concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	66-76	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	53-57
16714011-5	2006	fMLP-induced translocation of cytosolic compounds p47phox, p67phox and Rac to the cell membrane was suppressed in parallel to the suppression of superoxide generation.	Superoxides	145-155	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
16919916-10	2006	These results demonstrate that increased intracellular superoxide concentrations are proinflammatory in neutrophils, acting through a p38 MAPK dependent mechanism that results in enhanced nuclear accumulation of NF-kappaB and increased expression of NF-kappaB dependent proinflammatory cytokines.	Superoxides	55-65	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	134-137
16919916-10	2006	These results demonstrate that increased intracellular superoxide concentrations are proinflammatory in neutrophils, acting through a p38 MAPK dependent mechanism that results in enhanced nuclear accumulation of NF-kappaB and increased expression of NF-kappaB dependent proinflammatory cytokines.	Superoxides	55-65	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	212-221
16919916-10	2006	These results demonstrate that increased intracellular superoxide concentrations are proinflammatory in neutrophils, acting through a p38 MAPK dependent mechanism that results in enhanced nuclear accumulation of NF-kappaB and increased expression of NF-kappaB dependent proinflammatory cytokines.	Superoxides	55-65	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	250-259
16714011-6	2006	The fractions with MW below 10 kDa dose-dependently suppressed tyrosyl phosphorylation of 45.0, 77.6 and 99.5 kDa proteins in fMLP-treated human neutrophils; the inhibition of tyrosyl phosphorylation was in parallel to that of the fMLP-induced translocation of p47phox to the cell membrane and superoxide generation.	Superoxides	294-304	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	126-130
16864727-1	2006	BACKGROUND: Angiotensin II (Ang II) contributes to vascular pathology in part by stimulating NADPH oxidase activity, leading to increased formation of superoxide (O2-).	Superoxides	151-161	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	28-34
16714011-7	2006	CONCLUSIONS: Mamushi aqueous extract markedly suppressed fMLP-induced superoxide generation in human neutrophils and also suppressed the translocation of cytosolic compounds to the cell membrane and tyrosyl phosphorylation of proteins.	Superoxides	70-80	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	57-61
16864727-1	2006	BACKGROUND: Angiotensin II (Ang II) contributes to vascular pathology in part by stimulating NADPH oxidase activity, leading to increased formation of superoxide (O2-).	Superoxides	163-165	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	12-26
16864727-1	2006	BACKGROUND: Angiotensin II (Ang II) contributes to vascular pathology in part by stimulating NADPH oxidase activity, leading to increased formation of superoxide (O2-).	Superoxides	163-165	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	28-34
18220632-4	2006	The physiological role of UCP2 remains controversial, but it may act as a downstream signal transducer of superoxide.	Superoxides	106-116	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	26-30
16820786-0	2006	Interferon-gamma enhances superoxide production in human mesangial cells via the JAK-STAT pathway.	Superoxides	26-36	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-16
16790527-4	2006	The steady-state concentration of superoxide was significantly increased after 12 h, when SOD1 was only slightly decreased, and progressively returned to values close to those observed in control cells.	Superoxides	34-44	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	90-94
16911517-1	2006	Activation of the superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase Nox1 requires both the organizer protein Noxo1 and the activator protein Noxa1.	Superoxides	18-28	NADPH oxidase activator 1	Homo sapiens	126-131
16843826-8	2006	Neuronal NOS half-saturated with BH4 and the donor compound 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) were used as enzymatic and nonenzymatic sources of NO/superoxide, respectively.	Superoxides	146-156	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	85-90
16820786-4	2006	Significant increases in O(2)(-) production with IFN-gamma were completely abolished by the flavin-containing enzyme inhibitor, diphenyleneiodonium (10 micromol/l), and the Janus-activated kinase (JAK)2 inhibitor, AG490 (100 micromol/l).	Superoxides	25-30	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	49-58
16820786-8	2006	These data suggest that IFN-gamma stimulates O(2)(-) production in HMCs via the JAK-STAT pathway and NAD(P)H oxidase.	Superoxides	45-49	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	24-33
16928829-12	2006	The inhibition of AR expression and activity by selenite occurs via a redox mechanism involving GSH, superoxide, and Sp1.	Superoxides	101-111	androgen receptor	Homo sapiens	18-20
16543474-0	2006	FcgammaR-induced production of superoxide and inflammatory cytokines is differentially regulated by SHIP through its influence on PI3K and/or Ras/Erk pathways.	Superoxides	31-41	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	146-149
16698001-12	2006	Transfection with RhoGDIalpha siRNA constructs potently reduced RhoGDIalpha protein expression, decreased AngII-induced superoxide production and lipid peroxidation, and inhibited AngII-induced leucine incorporation.	Superoxides	120-130	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	106-111
16756966-7	2006	Exogenous superoxide augmented the contractile response to EFS and to phenylephrine in PVAT (-) MA, and this augmentation was blunted by inhibition of tyrosine kinase and MAPK/ERK.	Superoxides	10-20	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	176-179
16714011-9	2006	O-phosphoserylethanolamine, a new dipeptide isolated from mamushi, also suppressed fMLP-induced superoxide generation in human neutrophils in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	96-106	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	83-87
16524734-8	2006	For the inhibitory activity of fMLP-induced superoxide anion generation, 11a (2.7 microM), 11b (2.8 microM), and 13b (2.2 microM) are three of the most active.	Superoxides	44-60	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	31-35
16828895-1	2006	Superoxide dismutases (SOD) are important anti-oxidant enzymes that guard against superoxide toxicity.	Superoxides	82-92	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	23-26
16828895-2	2006	Various SOD enzymes have been characterized that employ either a copper, manganese, iron or nickel co-factor to carry out the disproportionation of superoxide.	Superoxides	148-158	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	8-11
16819234-3	2006	Among them, viscolin (1) showed the most significant inhibition on superoxide anion generation by human neutrophils in response to fMLP (formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine).	Superoxides	67-83	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	131-135
16714214-6	2006	In keeping with this mode of activation, C5a, known as an agent of superoxide generation, was also found to induce secretion of nitric oxide from human eosinophils and rat granulocytes and monocytes.	Superoxides	67-77	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	41-44
16794486-7	2006	Abundance of gp91, nitrotyrosine formation and superoxide production, indices of inflammation and cardiac collagen content were increased in Ang II-treated FORKO compared to Ang II-treated WT mice (P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	47-57	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	141-147
16878272-6	2006	CYP2E1 is also an effective generator of reactive oxygen species such as the superoxide anion radical and hydrogen peroxide, and in the presence of iron catalysts, it produces powerful oxidants such as the hydroxyl radical.	Superoxides	77-101	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily E member 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
16891456-3	2006	The authors suggested that inhibition of cell growth might result from an increase in intracellular superoxide production due to inhibition of NQO1.	Superoxides	100-110	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	143-147
16891456-4	2006	We have recently shown that NQO1 can directly scavenge superoxide and this effect may become physiologically relevant in cells containing high NQO1 levels.	Superoxides	55-65	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
16891456-4	2006	We have recently shown that NQO1 can directly scavenge superoxide and this effect may become physiologically relevant in cells containing high NQO1 levels.	Superoxides	55-65	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	143-147
16891456-12	2006	In summary, mechanism-based inhibitors of NQO1, such as ES936, may be useful therapeutic agents for the treatment of pancreatic cancer, although the underlying mechanism seems to be independent of superoxide generation.	Superoxides	197-207	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	42-46
16891474-0	2006	Inorganic selenium sensitizes prostate cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis through superoxide/p53/Bax-mediated activation of mitochondrial pathway.	Superoxides	87-97	TNF superfamily member 10	Homo sapiens	55-60
16677818-2	2006	Mice deficient in the mitochondrial form of superoxide dismutase (SOD2) die during embryonic or early postnatal development, precluding analysis of a pathological role for superoxide in adult tissue.	Superoxides	44-54	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	66-70
16677818-4	2006	SOD2 immunoreactivity was specifically lost in a subset of somatomotor neurons resulting in enhanced superoxide production.	Superoxides	101-111	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	0-4
16706650-3	2006	Of the several ECTO-NOX proteins now known, one is a novel cell surface form (arNOX) associated with lymphocytes, sera, saliva and perspiration of patients of age 50 or older and is capable of directly reducing ferric cytochrome c through the generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	257-267	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	218-230
16763183-11	2006	The findings also suggest a gene dosing effect of CuZnSOD for increases in O2-, induction of cerebral vascular hypertrophy and impaired endothelium-dependent dilatation.	Superoxides	75-77	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	50-57
16584925-4	2006	O2*- measured ex vivo by L-012-enhanced chemiluminescence was increased by 79+/-17% in whole sympathetic ganglia from apoE-/- mice (n=5) compared with sympathetic ganglia from control mice (n=5) (P&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	0-3	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	118-122
16584925-6	2006	Dihydroethidium staining confirmed the selective increase in O2*- in sympathetic ganglia of apoE-/- mice, and revealed the contribution of both neurons and non-neuronal cells to the O2*- generation.	Superoxides	61-63	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	92-96
16584925-7	2006	We investigated the enzymatic source of increased O2*- in sympathetic ganglia of apoE-/- mice.	Superoxides	50-52	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	81-85
16701555-5	2006	When we then exposed myocytes to the superoxide generator menadione, we observed significantly higher death of MEK-EE expressing myocytes.	Superoxides	37-47	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	111-114
16769910-3	2006	In this study, we examined the hypothesis that BMP4 would induce hypertension in intact animals by increasing superoxide production from vascular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases and an impairment of vasodilation responses.	Superoxides	110-120	bone morphogenetic protein 4	Mus musculus	47-51
16567040-2	2006	We have characterized the expression of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn SOD), one of the main antioxidant proteins involved in the breakdown of superoxide, in the immature rat dorsolateral subventricular zone (SVZ), rostral migratory stream (RMS) and hippocampal subgranular zone (SGZ).	Superoxides	46-56	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	68-77
16650385-4	2006	At pH 6.8 and 25 degrees C in the presence of 0.02 U/ml of XO, 10 and 20 microM allopurinol both produced 10 microM oxypurinol and 2.8 microM superoxide radical (determined by cytochrome C reduction).	Superoxides	142-160	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	176-188
16631605-2	2006	Although cytosolic Sod 1 has a key role in the detoxification of superoxide ((*)O(2)(-)), little is known about its importance in vascular aging.	Superoxides	65-75	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	19-24
16630555-0	2006	Simultaneous measurement of superoxide generation and intracellular Ca2+ concentration reveals the effect of extracellular Ca2+ on rapid and transient contents of superoxide generation in differentiated THP-1 cells.	Superoxides	28-38	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	203-208
16630555-0	2006	Simultaneous measurement of superoxide generation and intracellular Ca2+ concentration reveals the effect of extracellular Ca2+ on rapid and transient contents of superoxide generation in differentiated THP-1 cells.	Superoxides	163-173	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	203-208
16630555-2	2006	A human monocytic cell line, THP-1, differentiated to be neutrophil-like cells generated superoxide with increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration when stimulated with formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) whereas PMA, phorbol ester-stimulated superoxide response occurred without change in [Ca2+]i.	Superoxides	89-99	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	29-34
16630555-2	2006	A human monocytic cell line, THP-1, differentiated to be neutrophil-like cells generated superoxide with increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration when stimulated with formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) whereas PMA, phorbol ester-stimulated superoxide response occurred without change in [Ca2+]i.	Superoxides	89-99	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	210-214
16630555-2	2006	A human monocytic cell line, THP-1, differentiated to be neutrophil-like cells generated superoxide with increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration when stimulated with formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) whereas PMA, phorbol ester-stimulated superoxide response occurred without change in [Ca2+]i.	Superoxides	254-264	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	29-34
16630555-2	2006	A human monocytic cell line, THP-1, differentiated to be neutrophil-like cells generated superoxide with increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration when stimulated with formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) whereas PMA, phorbol ester-stimulated superoxide response occurred without change in [Ca2+]i.	Superoxides	254-264	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	210-214
16630555-5	2006	Verapamil, voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel blocker, dose-dependently inhibited fMLP-stimulated extracellular Ca2+ influx and superoxide generation without affecting PMA-stimulated superoxide generation.	Superoxides	124-134	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	78-82
16684951-10	2006	As DPI can also inhibit endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) superoxide generation, we repeated this experiment using a more specific NADPH oxidase inhibitor (apocynin) and an inhibitor of NOS (3-ethylisothiourea).	Superoxides	65-75	nitric oxide synthase, endothelial	Ovis aries	24-57
16684951-10	2006	As DPI can also inhibit endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) superoxide generation, we repeated this experiment using a more specific NADPH oxidase inhibitor (apocynin) and an inhibitor of NOS (3-ethylisothiourea).	Superoxides	65-75	nitric oxide synthase, endothelial	Ovis aries	59-63
16684951-14	2006	Finally, we demonstrated that the addition of BH(2) produced an increase in superoxide generation from purified, recombinant eNOS.	Superoxides	76-86	nitric oxide synthase, endothelial	Ovis aries	125-129
16716906-1	2006	Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) and heat shock protein 90 (hsp90) have been anticipated to regulate endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)-dependent superoxide anion radical (O2*-) generation in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	145-169	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	94-127
16630604-10	2006	It was suggested that, apart from its anti-hypertensive effect, the mechanism of suppressed NT degradation in the renal cortex by the ACE inhibitor enhances both O2*- degradation per se and antioxidative effects including SOD activation.	Superoxides	162-164	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Rattus norvegicus	134-137
16716903-2	2006	The present study assessed the hypothesis that O2*- or H2O2 levels augmented by the reduced molecular synthesis or enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), or glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), where sympathetic premotor neurons that generate tonic vasomotor tone are located, contribute to the pathogenesis of hypertension.	Superoxides	47-49	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	162-170
16716903-2	2006	The present study assessed the hypothesis that O2*- or H2O2 levels augmented by the reduced molecular synthesis or enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), or glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), where sympathetic premotor neurons that generate tonic vasomotor tone are located, contribute to the pathogenesis of hypertension.	Superoxides	47-49	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	172-175
16716903-4	2006	A causative relationship between these biochemical correlates of oxidative stress and neurogenic hypertension was established when gene transfer by microinjection of adenovirus encoding SOD1, SOD2, or CAT into the bilateral RVLM promoted a long-lasting reduction in arterial pressure in SHR, but not WKY rats, accompanied by an enhanced SOD1, SOD2, or CAT protein expression or enzyme activity and reduced O2*- or H2O2 level in the RVLM.	Superoxides	406-408	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	186-190
16716903-4	2006	A causative relationship between these biochemical correlates of oxidative stress and neurogenic hypertension was established when gene transfer by microinjection of adenovirus encoding SOD1, SOD2, or CAT into the bilateral RVLM promoted a long-lasting reduction in arterial pressure in SHR, but not WKY rats, accompanied by an enhanced SOD1, SOD2, or CAT protein expression or enzyme activity and reduced O2*- or H2O2 level in the RVLM.	Superoxides	406-408	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	201-204
16716903-5	2006	These results together suggest that downregulation of gene expression and enzyme activity of the antioxidant SOD1, SOD2, or CAT may underlie the augmented levels of O2*- and H2O2 in the RVLM, leading to oxidative stress and hypertension in SHR.	Superoxides	165-167	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	109-113
16716903-5	2006	These results together suggest that downregulation of gene expression and enzyme activity of the antioxidant SOD1, SOD2, or CAT may underlie the augmented levels of O2*- and H2O2 in the RVLM, leading to oxidative stress and hypertension in SHR.	Superoxides	165-167	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	124-127
16680451-5	2006	We propose that changes in superoxide levels due to alteration of SOD1 activity affect iron metabolism in glial and neuronal cells from higher eukaryotes and that this may be relevant to diseases of the nervous system.	Superoxides	27-37	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	66-70
16788048-0	2006	Superoxide production in human neutrophils is enhanced by treatment with transmembrane peptides derived from human formyl peptide receptor.	Superoxides	0-10	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	115-138
16788048-6	2006	However, Neutrophils treated with hFPRTM4 produced 4-fold superoxide anion compared with untreated cells when stimulated with FPR agonist fMLP.	Superoxides	58-74	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	35-38
16788048-6	2006	However, Neutrophils treated with hFPRTM4 produced 4-fold superoxide anion compared with untreated cells when stimulated with FPR agonist fMLP.	Superoxides	58-74	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	138-142
16685209-0	2006	Synergistic effect of mechanical stretch and angiotensin II on superoxide production via NADPH oxidase in vascular smooth muscle cells.	Superoxides	63-73	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	45-59
16685209-8	2006	The combined effects of mechanical strain and angiotensin II might promote vascular damage through the production of superoxide in a hypertensive state.	Superoxides	117-127	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	46-60
16547169-3	2006	On incubation of human coronary artery endothelial cells with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) (50 ng/ml), monocyte adhesion significantly increased with increased superoxide generation and expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) accompanied by increased degradation of inhibitory kappaBalpha in cytoplasm and activation of nuclear factor-kappaB p65 in nucleus.	Superoxides	171-181	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	62-89
16547169-3	2006	On incubation of human coronary artery endothelial cells with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) (50 ng/ml), monocyte adhesion significantly increased with increased superoxide generation and expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) accompanied by increased degradation of inhibitory kappaBalpha in cytoplasm and activation of nuclear factor-kappaB p65 in nucleus.	Superoxides	171-181	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	91-100
16547169-7	2006	In conclusion, increased cAMP level by cilostazol is directly coupled to its maxi-K channel opening action via protein kinase activation in human endothelial cells, thereby suppressing TNF-alpha-stimulated superoxide production and expression of adhesion molecules.	Superoxides	206-216	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	185-194
16647052-6	2006	Superoxide, TNFalpha and U46619 elicited an increase in the formation of superoxide and induced gp91(phox) expression in pulmonary artery endothelial cells following a 16 h incubation an effect blocked by the continual presence of SOD and apocynin but not catalase.	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	231-234
16647052-6	2006	Superoxide, TNFalpha and U46619 elicited an increase in the formation of superoxide and induced gp91(phox) expression in pulmonary artery endothelial cells following a 16 h incubation an effect blocked by the continual presence of SOD and apocynin but not catalase.	Superoxides	0-10	catalase	Homo sapiens	256-264
16647052-6	2006	Superoxide, TNFalpha and U46619 elicited an increase in the formation of superoxide and induced gp91(phox) expression in pulmonary artery endothelial cells following a 16 h incubation an effect blocked by the continual presence of SOD and apocynin but not catalase.	Superoxides	73-83	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	12-20
16510283-2	2006	Most of the newly synthesized compounds exhibited superior inhibitory activity than both the lead compound and the positive control (trifluoperazine) toward fMLP-stimulated neutrophil superoxide formation.	Superoxides	184-194	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	157-161
16619190-8	2006	IL-1 beta-/- mice showed decreased recruitment of granulocytes in response to an intraperitoneal C. albicans challenge, and generation of superoxide production was diminished in IL-1 beta-/- granulocytes.	Superoxides	138-148	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	0-9
16619190-8	2006	IL-1 beta-/- mice showed decreased recruitment of granulocytes in response to an intraperitoneal C. albicans challenge, and generation of superoxide production was diminished in IL-1 beta-/- granulocytes.	Superoxides	138-148	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	178-187
16531408-0	2006	Direct and indirect roles of cytochrome b in the mediation of superoxide generation and NO catabolism by mitochondrial succinate-cytochrome c reductase.	Superoxides	62-72	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	129-141
16531408-2	2006	Succinate-cytochrome c reductase (SCR) of the electron transport chain has been implicated as an essential part of the mediation of O2*- generation and an alternative target of nitric oxide (NO) in the regulation of mitochondrial respiration.	Superoxides	132-134	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	10-22
16551617-6	2006	Tracing SOD-ScFv by fluorescein isothiocyanate and superoxide anions (O2*-) in SPC-A-1 cells showed that the fusion protein could recognize and enter SPC-A-1 cells to eliminate O2*-.	Superoxides	51-68	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	8-11
16551617-6	2006	Tracing SOD-ScFv by fluorescein isothiocyanate and superoxide anions (O2*-) in SPC-A-1 cells showed that the fusion protein could recognize and enter SPC-A-1 cells to eliminate O2*-.	Superoxides	51-68	immunglobulin heavy chain variable region	Homo sapiens	12-16
16551617-6	2006	Tracing SOD-ScFv by fluorescein isothiocyanate and superoxide anions (O2*-) in SPC-A-1 cells showed that the fusion protein could recognize and enter SPC-A-1 cells to eliminate O2*-.	Superoxides	51-68	proline rich protein gene cluster	Homo sapiens	150-153
16551617-6	2006	Tracing SOD-ScFv by fluorescein isothiocyanate and superoxide anions (O2*-) in SPC-A-1 cells showed that the fusion protein could recognize and enter SPC-A-1 cells to eliminate O2*-.	Superoxides	70-72	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	8-11
16551617-6	2006	Tracing SOD-ScFv by fluorescein isothiocyanate and superoxide anions (O2*-) in SPC-A-1 cells showed that the fusion protein could recognize and enter SPC-A-1 cells to eliminate O2*-.	Superoxides	70-72	immunglobulin heavy chain variable region	Homo sapiens	12-16
16551617-6	2006	Tracing SOD-ScFv by fluorescein isothiocyanate and superoxide anions (O2*-) in SPC-A-1 cells showed that the fusion protein could recognize and enter SPC-A-1 cells to eliminate O2*-.	Superoxides	70-72	proline rich protein gene cluster	Homo sapiens	150-153
16551617-6	2006	Tracing SOD-ScFv by fluorescein isothiocyanate and superoxide anions (O2*-) in SPC-A-1 cells showed that the fusion protein could recognize and enter SPC-A-1 cells to eliminate O2*-.	Superoxides	70-73	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	8-11
16551617-6	2006	Tracing SOD-ScFv by fluorescein isothiocyanate and superoxide anions (O2*-) in SPC-A-1 cells showed that the fusion protein could recognize and enter SPC-A-1 cells to eliminate O2*-.	Superoxides	70-73	immunglobulin heavy chain variable region	Homo sapiens	12-16
16551617-6	2006	Tracing SOD-ScFv by fluorescein isothiocyanate and superoxide anions (O2*-) in SPC-A-1 cells showed that the fusion protein could recognize and enter SPC-A-1 cells to eliminate O2*-.	Superoxides	70-73	proline rich protein gene cluster	Homo sapiens	79-82
16551617-6	2006	Tracing SOD-ScFv by fluorescein isothiocyanate and superoxide anions (O2*-) in SPC-A-1 cells showed that the fusion protein could recognize and enter SPC-A-1 cells to eliminate O2*-.	Superoxides	70-73	proline rich protein gene cluster	Homo sapiens	150-153
16551617-7	2006	The lower oxidative stress resulting from the decrease in cellular O2*- delayed the cell cycle at G1 and significantly slowed SPC-A-1 cell growth in association with the dephosphorylation of the serine-threonine protein kinase Akt and expression of p27kip1.	Superoxides	67-69	proline rich protein gene cluster	Homo sapiens	126-129
16551617-7	2006	The lower oxidative stress resulting from the decrease in cellular O2*- delayed the cell cycle at G1 and significantly slowed SPC-A-1 cell growth in association with the dephosphorylation of the serine-threonine protein kinase Akt and expression of p27kip1.	Superoxides	67-69	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	227-230
16554029-3	2006	Adiponectin can also suppress superoxide generation in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	30-40	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Homo sapiens	0-11
16647629-1	2006	To examine the hypothesis that NAD(P)H oxidase (Nox)-derived superoxide generation is involved in the development of angiotensin II (ANG II)-induced hypertension, we evaluated the responses to ANG II infusion (65 ng/min; osmotic mini-pump) for 2 weeks in rats treated with or without apocynin (APO) (inhibitor of Nox subunits assembly) in drinking water (12 mmol/L).	Superoxides	61-71	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	117-131
16647629-1	2006	To examine the hypothesis that NAD(P)H oxidase (Nox)-derived superoxide generation is involved in the development of angiotensin II (ANG II)-induced hypertension, we evaluated the responses to ANG II infusion (65 ng/min; osmotic mini-pump) for 2 weeks in rats treated with or without apocynin (APO) (inhibitor of Nox subunits assembly) in drinking water (12 mmol/L).	Superoxides	61-71	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	133-139
16771675-1	2006	Activation of the enzyme Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) involves several posttranslational modifications including copper and zinc binding, as well as formation of the intramolecular disulfide bond.	Superoxides	31-41	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	53-57
16646023-2	2006	METHODS: Superoxide release from neutrophils binding to purified P-selectin or to tumor necrosis factor-activated endothelial cells was measured under flow or static conditions using the superoxide dismutase (SOD)-inhibitable reduction of ferricytochrome c. Neutrophils were activated with fMLP, normal IgG, or ANCA IgG.	Superoxides	9-19	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	290-294
16646023-5	2006	RESULTS: ANCA IgG or fMLP induced superoxide release when perfused over neutrophils that were rolling over P-selectin, but not those that were binding to endothelial cells.	Superoxides	34-44	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	21-25
16646023-10	2006	CONCLUSION: Endothelial cells inhibit superoxide generation by fMLP and ANCA-activated neutrophils.	Superoxides	38-48	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	63-67
16564549-9	2006	But in neutrophils, FMLP-activated superoxide generation and [Ca2+]i increase were found being inhibited by exposure to CLZ .	Superoxides	35-45	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	20-24
16716906-1	2006	Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) and heat shock protein 90 (hsp90) have been anticipated to regulate endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)-dependent superoxide anion radical (O2*-) generation in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	171-173	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	94-127
16622226-10	2006	U73122, a phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor, and pertussis toxin inhibited the toxin-induced generation of O2(-) and formation of DG, but not the phosphorylation of PDK1.	Superoxides	105-107	LOC100009319	Oryctolagus cuniculus	27-30
16572112-0	2006	Ras modulation of superoxide activates ERK-dependent fibronectin expression in diabetes-induced renal injuries.	Superoxides	18-28	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	39-42
16310883-0	2006	Superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide induce hepatocyte death by different mechanisms: involvement of JNK and ERK MAP kinases.	Superoxides	0-17	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	104-107
16310883-6	2006	Superoxide anions-induced apoptosis is dependent on JNK activity.	Superoxides	0-17	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	52-55
16310883-13	2006	CONCLUSIONS: In normal hepatocytes, superoxide anions-induced caspase activation and apoptosis is dependent on JNK activity and totally abolished by superoxide scavengers.	Superoxides	36-53	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	111-114
16310883-13	2006	CONCLUSIONS: In normal hepatocytes, superoxide anions-induced caspase activation and apoptosis is dependent on JNK activity and totally abolished by superoxide scavengers.	Superoxides	36-46	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	111-114
16572112-11	2006	Ras induction of superoxide activated ERK-dependent fibrosis-stimulatory factor and extracellular matrix gene transcription of mesangial cells.	Superoxides	17-27	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	38-41
16565872-0	2006	Nitric oxide and superoxide in rat mesangial cells: modulation by C-reactive protein.	Superoxides	17-27	C-reactive protein	Rattus norvegicus	66-84
16565872-2	2006	We evaluated the effects of CRP on the production of nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide by rat mesangial cells (RMC) and the impact on cell function.	Superoxides	75-85	C-reactive protein	Rattus norvegicus	28-31
16565872-6	2006	Incubation with 100 microg/ml CRP for 60-120 min resulted in a 272% increase in superoxide production that was prevented by diphenyleneiodium chloride but not L-NAME (p&lt;0.0001).	Superoxides	80-90	C-reactive protein	Rattus norvegicus	30-33
16565872-7	2006	CONCLUSION: CRP enhances superoxide release in RMC, which in turn inactivates NO and reduces net production.	Superoxides	25-35	C-reactive protein	Rattus norvegicus	12-15
16150638-3	2006	The observation that the CL intensities were inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD), Vitamin C (Vc) and glutathione (GSH) in a dose-dependent manner suggested that superoxide radical (O2*-) was involved in the CL reaction and responsible for oxidation of luminol.	Superoxides	165-183	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	58-78
16150638-3	2006	The observation that the CL intensities were inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD), Vitamin C (Vc) and glutathione (GSH) in a dose-dependent manner suggested that superoxide radical (O2*-) was involved in the CL reaction and responsible for oxidation of luminol.	Superoxides	165-183	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	80-83
16150638-3	2006	The observation that the CL intensities were inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD), Vitamin C (Vc) and glutathione (GSH) in a dose-dependent manner suggested that superoxide radical (O2*-) was involved in the CL reaction and responsible for oxidation of luminol.	Superoxides	185-189	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	58-78
16150638-3	2006	The observation that the CL intensities were inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD), Vitamin C (Vc) and glutathione (GSH) in a dose-dependent manner suggested that superoxide radical (O2*-) was involved in the CL reaction and responsible for oxidation of luminol.	Superoxides	185-189	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	80-83
16424399-4	2006	SODs process superoxide anion to hydrogen peroxide, which is subsequently neutralized by GPx and CAT; TrxR neutralizes other ROS, such as peroxinitrite.	Superoxides	13-29	catalase	Homo sapiens	97-100
16424399-7	2006	Under these conditions, the superoxide anion processing enzyme SOD1 is not sufficiently stimulated by an ROS load.	Superoxides	28-44	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	63-67
16556864-7	2006	The Ang II effect is also blocked by expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD), but not catalase, showing that superoxide is required.	Superoxides	51-61	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	4-10
16642552-3	2006	Superoxide is cleared by superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) to protect the physiological function of NO.	Superoxides	0-10	catalase	Homo sapiens	56-64
16642552-3	2006	Superoxide is cleared by superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) to protect the physiological function of NO.	Superoxides	0-10	catalase	Homo sapiens	66-69
16608305-6	2006	This result supports that the positive guanidinium plays a role in the catalytic mechanism of Cu,Zn-SOD by ensuring that superoxide enters and peroxide leaves rapidly from the coordination sphere of the copper ion.	Superoxides	121-131	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	100-103
16585403-8	2006	Diminished levels of BH4 promote O2*- production by eNOS (referred to as eNOS uncoupling).	Superoxides	33-35	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	52-56
16585403-8	2006	Diminished levels of BH4 promote O2*- production by eNOS (referred to as eNOS uncoupling).	Superoxides	33-35	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	73-77
16410455-6	2006	Antioxidant enzymes, especially the three isoforms of superoxide dismutase (SOD), modulate basal levels of superoxide and protect against vasomotor dysfunction.	Superoxides	54-64	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	76-79
16611050-7	2006	The actin cytoskeleton is central to NADPH oxidase activation that produces superoxide which is an intracellular signalling molecule for the hypertensive and inflammatory actions of angiotensin II.	Superoxides	76-86	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	182-196
16611050-11	2006	Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor type 1 antagonists decrease angiotensin II stimulated superoxide production thus decreasing not only blood pressure but also inflammation.	Superoxides	123-133	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	45-59
16611050-11	2006	Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor type 1 antagonists decrease angiotensin II stimulated superoxide production thus decreasing not only blood pressure but also inflammation.	Superoxides	123-133	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	97-111
16179939-2	2006	Using pharmacological and molecular approaches to manipulate intracellular O2*-, here we report that an increase in intracellular O2*- anion induces Na+/H+ exchanger 1 (NHE-1) gene promoter activity resulting in increased NHE-1 protein expression, which strongly correlates with the resistance of cells to death stimuli.	Superoxides	75-79	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Homo sapiens	149-167
16179939-2	2006	Using pharmacological and molecular approaches to manipulate intracellular O2*-, here we report that an increase in intracellular O2*- anion induces Na+/H+ exchanger 1 (NHE-1) gene promoter activity resulting in increased NHE-1 protein expression, which strongly correlates with the resistance of cells to death stimuli.	Superoxides	75-79	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Homo sapiens	169-174
16179939-2	2006	Using pharmacological and molecular approaches to manipulate intracellular O2*-, here we report that an increase in intracellular O2*- anion induces Na+/H+ exchanger 1 (NHE-1) gene promoter activity resulting in increased NHE-1 protein expression, which strongly correlates with the resistance of cells to death stimuli.	Superoxides	75-79	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Homo sapiens	222-227
16572112-5	2006	Superoxide, not nitric oxide or hydrogen peroxide, mediated high glucose- and AGE-induced TGF-beta1 and fibronectin expression.	Superoxides	0-10	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	90-99
16580590-4	2006	In addition, NO synthase (NOS) can generate superoxide rather than NO in response to atherogenic stimuli ("NOS uncoupling").	Superoxides	44-54	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	13-24
16094317-12	2006	Endothelial function is greatly impaired in a genetic model of Ang II-dependent hypertension via a mechanism that involves superoxide.	Superoxides	123-133	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	63-69
16528409-2	2006	In this report, we show that increased oxidation of FFAs in aortic endothelial cells without added insulin causes increased production of superoxide by the mitochondrial electron transport chain.	Superoxides	138-148	insulin	Homo sapiens	99-106
16528409-3	2006	FFA-induced overproduction of superoxide activated a variety of proinflammatory signals previously implicated in hyperglycemia-induced vascular damage and inactivated 2 important antiatherogenic enzymes, prostacyclin synthase and eNOS.	Superoxides	30-40	prostaglandin I2 synthase	Homo sapiens	204-225
16528409-3	2006	FFA-induced overproduction of superoxide activated a variety of proinflammatory signals previously implicated in hyperglycemia-induced vascular damage and inactivated 2 important antiatherogenic enzymes, prostacyclin synthase and eNOS.	Superoxides	30-40	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	230-234
16531806-7	2006	Angiotensin II increased the NAD(P)H-dependent superoxide anion production and the intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species in cardiac fibroblasts, and apocynin abrogated this rise.	Superoxides	47-63	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
16531806-8	2006	CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that in adult rat cardiac fibroblasts the membrane-associated NAD(P)H oxidase complex is the predominant source of superoxide anion and reactive oxygen species generation in angiotensin II-stimulated adult cardiac fibroblasts.	Superoxides	142-158	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	201-215
16428598-10	2006	Transgenic plants overexpressing an apyrase gene had reduced O2- production in response to applied ATP and wounding.	Superoxides	61-63	apyrase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	36-43
16506790-10	2006	The degradation of heparan sulfate via reductive homolysis of its N-chloro derivatives may be of significance at sites of inflammation, where MPO-derived HOCl is produced in high concentration and transition-metal ions and O(2)(*-) are known to be present or generated.	Superoxides	223-227	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	142-145
16354662-5	2006	The one-electron reactions led to superoxide formation as detected by cytochrome c reduction and, interestingly, reductive N-denitration of tetryl or 2,4-dinitrophenyl-N-methylnitramine, resulting in the release of nitrite.	Superoxides	34-44	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	70-82
16412384-0	2006	Regulation of superoxide stress in Pseudomonas putida KT2440 is different from the SoxR paradigm in Escherichia coli.	Superoxides	14-24	redox-sensitive transcriptional activator SoxR	Pseudomonas putida KT2440	83-87
16412384-6	2006	However, a P. putida soxR-deletion strain had normal resistance to the superoxide-generating agent paraquat.	Superoxides	71-81	redox-sensitive transcriptional activator SoxR	Pseudomonas putida KT2440	21-25
16385082-10	2006	CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that myocardial I/R initiates expression of TNF-alpha, which induces activation of xanthine oxidase and production of O2*-, leading to coronary endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	153-157	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	79-88
16351573-1	2006	In IL-1beta (interleukin 1beta)-stimulated rat hepatocytes exposed to superoxide, we have previously identified an IRX (inflammatory redox)-sensitive DR1 [direct repeat of RG(G/T)TCA with one base spacing] cis-acting activator element (nt -1327 to -1315) in the iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase) promoter: AGGTCAGGGGACA.	Superoxides	70-80	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	3-11
16351573-1	2006	In IL-1beta (interleukin 1beta)-stimulated rat hepatocytes exposed to superoxide, we have previously identified an IRX (inflammatory redox)-sensitive DR1 [direct repeat of RG(G/T)TCA with one base spacing] cis-acting activator element (nt -1327 to -1315) in the iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase) promoter: AGGTCAGGGGACA.	Superoxides	70-80	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	13-30
16351573-1	2006	In IL-1beta (interleukin 1beta)-stimulated rat hepatocytes exposed to superoxide, we have previously identified an IRX (inflammatory redox)-sensitive DR1 [direct repeat of RG(G/T)TCA with one base spacing] cis-acting activator element (nt -1327 to -1315) in the iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase) promoter: AGGTCAGGGGACA.	Superoxides	70-80	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	262-266
16351573-1	2006	In IL-1beta (interleukin 1beta)-stimulated rat hepatocytes exposed to superoxide, we have previously identified an IRX (inflammatory redox)-sensitive DR1 [direct repeat of RG(G/T)TCA with one base spacing] cis-acting activator element (nt -1327 to -1315) in the iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase) promoter: AGGTCAGGGGACA.	Superoxides	70-80	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	268-299
16469512-4	2006	Thrombin-induced intracellular ROS production was inhibited by NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitors (DPI and apocynin), cyclooxygenase inhibitor (acetylsalicylic acid), and superoxide scavengers (tiron and MnTMPyP).	Superoxides	163-173	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	0-8
16520234-0	2006	Long-term exposure to oxidized low-density lipoprotein enhances tumor necrosis factor-alpha-stimulated endothelial adhesiveness of monocytes by activating superoxide generation and redox-sensitive pathways.	Superoxides	155-165	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	64-91
16601571-5	2006	CONCLUSIONS: Angiotensin II accelerates the development of atherosclerosis by activating angiotensin II type 1 receptors that then promote superoxide anion generation and oxidative stress, leading to activation of nuclear transcription factor and endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	139-155	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	13-27
16601571-5	2006	CONCLUSIONS: Angiotensin II accelerates the development of atherosclerosis by activating angiotensin II type 1 receptors that then promote superoxide anion generation and oxidative stress, leading to activation of nuclear transcription factor and endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	139-155	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	89-103
16111903-2	2006	Nitrogen-derived reactive oxidant species capable of involving DNA single strand breakage and PARP activation include peroxynitrite (the reaction product of nitric oxide and superoxide), but not nitric oxide per se.	Superoxides	174-184	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	94-98
17546512-4	2006	We determined the enhancement of Ang II-induced superoxide anion and leukotriene C(4) (LTC(4)) generation, membrane fluidity and cell-bound cholesterol content of neutrophils obtained from 12 control subjects, 11 patients with obesity (Ob), 10 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2-DM) and 12 patients with HC.	Superoxides	48-64	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	33-39
16412660-13	2006	In conclusion, our results indicate that superoxide radicals play crucial role in enhanced contractile and impaired vasodilatory responses to Ang II and ACh, respectively, in thoracic aortic rings isolated from diet-induced insulin resistant rats.	Superoxides	41-51	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	142-148
16469315-1	2006	Human extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is involved in the defence against oxidative stress induced by the superoxide radical.	Superoxides	117-135	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	6-40
16469315-1	2006	Human extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is involved in the defence against oxidative stress induced by the superoxide radical.	Superoxides	117-135	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	42-48
16489034-0	2006	Expression of p53 enhances selenite-induced superoxide production and apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells.	Superoxides	44-54	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	14-17
16489034-4	2006	In addition, we also showed that superoxide production by selenite was p53 dependent.	Superoxides	33-43	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	71-74
16489034-10	2006	On the other hand, restoration of wild-type p53 expression in PC3 cells increased cellular sensitivity to selenite and resulted in increased superoxide production, caspase-9 activation, and apoptosis following selenite treatment.	Superoxides	141-151	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	44-47
16489034-11	2006	These results suggest that selenite induces apoptosis by producing superoxide to activate p53 and to induce p53 mitochondrial translocation.	Superoxides	67-77	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	90-93
16489034-12	2006	Activation of p53 in turn synergistically enhances superoxide production and apoptosis induced by selenite.	Superoxides	51-61	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	14-17
16143585-5	2006	We therefore hypothesized that activation of eNOS produced reactive oxygen species in 4-wk but not fetal PA. To address this question, we studied NO and superoxide production by endothelial cells at baseline and following NOS stimulation with A-23187, VEGF, and laminar shear stress.	Superoxides	153-163	nitric oxide synthase, endothelial	Ovis aries	45-49
16162660-2	2006	We report that interferon (IFN)-gamma, a crucial transactivator of the gp91(phox) gene, also stimulates expression of Nox1 mRNA and protein in large intestinal epithelium (T84 cells), leading to fourfold upregulation of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) generation.	Superoxides	220-236	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	15-37
16162660-2	2006	We report that interferon (IFN)-gamma, a crucial transactivator of the gp91(phox) gene, also stimulates expression of Nox1 mRNA and protein in large intestinal epithelium (T84 cells), leading to fourfold upregulation of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) generation.	Superoxides	238-242	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	15-37
16448070-1	2006	Because of its high reaction rate and specificity, the enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) offers great potential for the sensitive quantification of superoxide radicals in electrochemical biosensors.	Superoxides	62-72	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	84-87
16448070-8	2006	In an amperometric biosensorial approach, the SOD-mutant electrode was successfully applied for the detection of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	113-132	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	46-49
15990193-2	2006	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is found in the extracellular matrix of tissues and the major scavenger of superoxide radical.	Superoxides	119-137	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	0-34
15990193-2	2006	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is found in the extracellular matrix of tissues and the major scavenger of superoxide radical.	Superoxides	119-137	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-42
16446495-5	2006	Moreover, our findings showed a decrease in tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha)- or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced O2*- production in CD patient neutrophils adherent to fibronectin as compared with controls.	Superoxides	128-130	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	44-65
16446495-5	2006	Moreover, our findings showed a decrease in tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha)- or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced O2*- production in CD patient neutrophils adherent to fibronectin as compared with controls.	Superoxides	128-130	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	67-76
16446495-5	2006	Moreover, our findings showed a decrease in tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha)- or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced O2*- production in CD patient neutrophils adherent to fibronectin as compared with controls.	Superoxides	128-130	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	182-193
16446495-12	2006	In conclusion, our results indicate that decreased O2*- production and adhesion, caused, in part, by an anomalous response to TNF-alpha, together with low GSH level and low cell viability, may be responsible for the defective neutrophil function found in CD patients.	Superoxides	51-54	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	126-135
16400006-4	2006	Superoxide anions and H(2)O(2) increased mRNA and protein expression of GAS5 (growth arrest-specific protein 5) and CHOP (C/EBP homology protein).	Superoxides	0-17	DNA damage inducible transcript 3	Homo sapiens	116-120
16400006-4	2006	Superoxide anions and H(2)O(2) increased mRNA and protein expression of GAS5 (growth arrest-specific protein 5) and CHOP (C/EBP homology protein).	Superoxides	0-17	DNA damage inducible transcript 3	Homo sapiens	122-144
16400006-5	2006	Cultured podocytes overexpressing CHOP showed increased generation of superoxide anions compared to controls.	Superoxides	70-87	DNA damage inducible transcript 3	Homo sapiens	34-38
16383310-9	2006	The applicability of these cyt c immobilized bioimitation membranes as the biosensors was tested for the determination of superoxide.	Superoxides	122-132	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	27-32
17002793-9	2006	These cytokines have previously been shown to independently regulate the frequency (IFN-gamma) and amplitude (IL-8) of the oscillations of key metabolites in neutrophils, including nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) (NAD(P)H) and superoxide ion.	Superoxides	241-251	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	110-114
17119274-3	2006	Superoxide generation by cells in response to fMLP depended on the duration of pretreatment and the concentration of H2O2.	Superoxides	0-10	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	46-50
16598535-4	2006	Superoxide-derived hydrogen peroxide is the principal substrate for leukocyte-derived peroxidases, in particular myeloperoxidase, which associates with endothelial cells and has been shown to catalytically oxidize nitric oxide in vivo.	Superoxides	0-10	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	113-128
16598535-6	2006	Moreover, superoxide and hydrogen peroxide activate the redox-sensitive transcription factors NF-kappaB and thus mediates expression of proinflammatory proteins like adhesion molecules.	Superoxides	10-20	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	94-103
16469270-1	2006	This review highlights recent epidemiologic, clinical-genetic, and neurochemical advances in our understanding of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and their relationships to familial ALS caused by superoxide dismutase (SOD1) gene mutations.	Superoxides	209-219	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	231-235
16540423-4	2006	In the present study, we have considered the major routes of superoxide damaging effects in mitochondria: the initiation of apoptosis through the reduction of cytochrome c, the activation of uncoupled proteins by superoxide, and the mitochondrial damage due to the competition between superoxide and nitric oxide at the Complex IV site (cytochrome oxidase).	Superoxides	61-71	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	159-171
16824780-9	2006	These results indicate that chorion cell-derived interleukin-6 is partly responsible for monocyte differentiation to macrophages capable of generating superoxide anion.	Superoxides	151-167	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	49-62
16328023-5	2006	Our results suggest that triptolide acts to regulate inflammation through NF-kappaB-mediated inhibition of inflammation-related cytokines and the production of superoxide anion and NO.	Superoxides	160-176	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	74-83
16563235-4	2006	Incubation with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha, 10 ng/ml) for 12 h increased superoxide production in both cell types, whereas angiotensin II, platelet-derived growth factor or interleukin-1beta had little effects.	Superoxides	85-95	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	16-43
16563235-4	2006	Incubation with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha, 10 ng/ml) for 12 h increased superoxide production in both cell types, whereas angiotensin II, platelet-derived growth factor or interleukin-1beta had little effects.	Superoxides	85-95	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	45-54
16563235-7	2006	In contrast, upregulation of Nox2 appeared to mediate the enhanced superoxide production by TNF-alpha in HEK293 cells.	Superoxides	67-77	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	92-101
16331108-0	2006	Acute pressor effect of central angiotensin II is mediated by NAD(P)H-oxidase-dependent production of superoxide in the hypothalamic cardiovascular regulatory nuclei.	Superoxides	102-112	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	32-46
16331108-2	2006	OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that central effects of Ang II are mediated by reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate [NAD(P)H]-oxidase-dependent production of superoxide in the hypothalamus.	Superoxides	175-185	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	58-64
16331108-7	2006	In response to Ang II, apocynin-sensitive production of superoxide increased significantly in the nuclei of the anterior hypothalamus, in the subfornical organ, and in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus.	Superoxides	56-66	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	15-21
16331108-8	2006	CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrate that acute pressor responses of central Ang II are mediated by NAD(P)H-oxidase-dependent production of superoxide in the hypothalamus.	Superoxides	142-152	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	79-85
16323214-2	2006	In a small proportion of patients, ALS is caused by mutations in copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1), and mice overexpressing SOD1(G93A) mutant develop a syndrome that closely resembles the human disease.	Superoxides	77-87	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	99-103
16599264-8	2006	The effects of O2 were significantly abolished by catalase (CAT) alone or in combination with superoxide dismutase (SOD), but not by inactive CAT or SOD alone.	Superoxides	15-17	catalase	Homo sapiens	50-58
16599264-8	2006	The effects of O2 were significantly abolished by catalase (CAT) alone or in combination with superoxide dismutase (SOD), but not by inactive CAT or SOD alone.	Superoxides	15-17	catalase	Homo sapiens	60-63
16039106-4	2006	Rebamipide (2-(4-chlorobenzoylamino)-3-[2(1H)-quinolinon-4-yl] propionic acid, OPC-12759) directly inhibits the production of superoxide (O2-) and inhibits proinflammatory cytokines (such as TNFalpha and IL-8).	Superoxides	126-136	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	191-199
16085106-1	2006	One of the most important antioxidant enzymes is superoxide dismutase (SOD), which catalyses the dismutation of superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	49-59	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	71-74
16085106-7	2006	(iii) While detoxifying superoxide radicals SOD cycles between a reduced and oxidized state.	Superoxides	24-34	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	44-47
16085106-8	2006	At low superoxide levels the intermediates might interact with other redox partners and increase the superoxide reductase (SOR) activity of SOD.	Superoxides	7-17	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	140-143
16162660-0	2006	Interferon-gamma activates transcription of NADPH oxidase 1 gene and upregulates production of superoxide anion by human large intestinal epithelial cells.	Superoxides	95-111	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-16
16405902-6	2006	The five triterpenoids used in the present experiment significantly suppressed N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-induced superoxide generation in concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	134-144	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	120-124
16405902-9	2006	fMLP- and AA-induced tyrosyl phosphorylation and translocation of the cytosolic proteins p47(phox), p67(phox), and rac to the cell membrane were suppressed in parallel with the suppression of the stimulus-induced superoxide generation.	Superoxides	213-223	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
16293798-1	2006	This article explores the physiology of superoxide generation by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), the so-called "uncoupled" state of the enzyme.	Superoxides	40-50	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	65-98
16293798-1	2006	This article explores the physiology of superoxide generation by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), the so-called "uncoupled" state of the enzyme.	Superoxides	40-50	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	100-104
16325162-8	2006	Furthermore, APE1/ref-1 overexpression inhibited the TNF-alpha-induced increase in intracellular superoxide and p38 MAPK phosphorylation.	Superoxides	97-107	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	53-62
16325162-10	2006	Furthermore, APE1/ref-1 may inhibit VCAM-1 expression by inhibiting superoxide production and p38 MAPK activation.	Superoxides	68-78	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	36-42
16371425-8	2006	Aortas of MNK(mut) mice revealed a decrease in activity of SOD3, but not SOD1, in association with a robust increase in O2*- levels.	Superoxides	120-122	ATPase, Cu++ transporting, alpha polypeptide	Mus musculus	10-13
16371425-10	2006	In conclusion, vascular MNK plays an essential role in full activity of SOD3 through transporting copper to SOD3 in the TGN, thereby regulating O2*- levels in the vasculature.	Superoxides	144-147	ATPase, Cu++ transporting, alpha polypeptide	Mus musculus	24-27
16371425-11	2006	These studies provide a novel insight into vascular MNK as a critical modulator of "superoxide" stress, which may contribute to cardiovascular disease.	Superoxides	84-94	ATPase, Cu++ transporting, alpha polypeptide	Mus musculus	52-55
16390828-3	2006	Regression analysis showed that increases in aortic superoxide anion (O.-2) with aging were significantly correlated with changes in the expression and/or regulation of proteins involved in metabolic (AMPK-alpha), signaling (mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) along with c-Src), apoptotic (Bax, Bcl-2, Traf-2) and transcriptional (NF-kappaB) activities.	Superoxides	52-68	BCL2, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	302-307
16390828-3	2006	Regression analysis showed that increases in aortic superoxide anion (O.-2) with aging were significantly correlated with changes in the expression and/or regulation of proteins involved in metabolic (AMPK-alpha), signaling (mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) along with c-Src), apoptotic (Bax, Bcl-2, Traf-2) and transcriptional (NF-kappaB) activities.	Superoxides	52-68	Tnf receptor-associated factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	309-315
16443156-8	2006	Finally, nimesulide in vitro caused a concentration-dependent net increase in superoxide anion in mitochondria from Sod2(+/-), but not Sod2(+/+) mice.	Superoxides	78-94	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	116-120
16755144-0	2006	Calcium [corrected] channel blockers reduce angiotensin II-induced superoxide generation and inhibit lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 expression in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	67-77	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	44-58
16413574-7	2006	Histochemical data showed that superoxide production and JNK phosphorylation in arteriolar endothelial cells was enhanced by TNF.	Superoxides	31-41	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	125-128
16413574-10	2006	These data indicate that TNF inhibits endothelium-dependent NO-mediated dilation of coronary arterioles by ceramide-induced activation of JNK and subsequent production of superoxide via xanthine oxidase.	Superoxides	171-181	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	25-28
16267117-10	2006	Finally, the increase in I(Kv) produced by rMIF was abolished by the superoxide scavenger Tiron (1 mM).	Superoxides	69-79	macrophage migration inhibitory factor	Rattus norvegicus	43-47
16267117-11	2006	These studies indicate that the neuronal action of MIF includes a stimulatory action on I(Kv) that may be mediated by a TPOR/superoxide-scavenging mechanism.	Superoxides	125-135	macrophage migration inhibitory factor	Rattus norvegicus	51-54
16451750-2	2006	Superoxide anion (O(2)(-*)) production by human polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs), challenged by the chemotactic agent N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP), was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by all the compounds tested, compounds 3, 4 and 5 being statistically the most active.	Superoxides	0-16	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	156-160
16451750-2	2006	Superoxide anion (O(2)(-*)) production by human polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs), challenged by the chemotactic agent N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP), was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by all the compounds tested, compounds 3, 4 and 5 being statistically the most active.	Superoxides	18-27	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	156-160
16329988-5	2006	We also show that overexpression of the PH domain of betaPix results in inhibition of superoxide anion generation in response to EGF.	Superoxides	86-102	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 7	Homo sapiens	53-60
15993046-5	2006	SOD"s remarkable ability to catalyze the dismutation of the superoxide anion (O (2)(-)) has been demonstrated.	Superoxides	60-76	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
15993046-5	2006	SOD"s remarkable ability to catalyze the dismutation of the superoxide anion (O (2)(-)) has been demonstrated.	Superoxides	78-83	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
16394009-9	2006	CpG-DNA evoked concomitant increases in intracellular superoxide and NO levels, leading to enhanced ONOO- formation and, consequently, nuclear accumulation of c-Fos and NF-kappaB.	Superoxides	54-64	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	169-178
16313901-2	2006	High glucose stimulated superoxide both extracellularly (lucigenin chemiluminescence, cytochrome c reduction) and intracellularly (dihydrorhodamine 123 fluorescence).	Superoxides	24-34	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	86-98
16150464-6	2006	In a dose-dependent manner, APS-1 was demonstrated to be free radical scavenging in superoxide and hydroxyl radical assays, inhibitory to the copper-mediated oxidation of human low density lipoprotein (LDL), and protective against hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-induced lesion to rat PC12 cell (pheochromocytoma cell line).	Superoxides	84-94	autoimmune regulator	Homo sapiens	28-33
16106039-0	2006	Enhanced superoxide generation modulates renal function in ANG II-induced hypertensive rats.	Superoxides	9-19	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	59-65
17546512-7	2006	Both Ang II-induced superoxide anion and LTC(4) generation were decreased in control cells by pertussis toxin and fluvastatin (Flu), whereas in each patient group, mepacrin, verapamil and Flu were effective, suggesting alterations in signal pathways, which may be attributed to isoprenylation.	Superoxides	20-36	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	5-11
16404134-5	2006	However, when NO is reduced by the NO scavenger carboxy-PTIO, Ang II can induce superoxide diffusion from mTAL to vasa recta pericytes.	Superoxides	80-90	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	62-68
16340215-1	2006	We hypothesized that prolonged angiotensin II (AngII) infusion would alter vascular reactivity by enhancing superoxide anion (O-.2) generation.	Superoxides	108-124	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	31-45
16340215-1	2006	We hypothesized that prolonged angiotensin II (AngII) infusion would alter vascular reactivity by enhancing superoxide anion (O-.2) generation.	Superoxides	108-124	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	47-52
16183707-0	2006	Increased superoxide anion production by interleukin-1beta impairs nitric oxide-mediated relaxation in resistance arteries.	Superoxides	10-26	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	41-58
16183707-6	2006	IL-1beta impaired acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) vasodilation and increased nitrite and O(2)(.)	Superoxides	108-112	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	0-8
16183707-13	2006	The results of the present study demonstrate that long-term incubation with IL-1beta induces an impairment of the nitric oxide-mediated relaxation in mesenteric resistance arteries through the production of O(2)(.	Superoxides	207-211	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	76-84
16404134-3	2006	Angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced interaction of superoxide and NO was determined in thin tissue strips isolated from the renal outer medullary region of Sprague-Dawley rats using fluorescent microscopy techniques.	Superoxides	47-57	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
16404134-3	2006	Angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced interaction of superoxide and NO was determined in thin tissue strips isolated from the renal outer medullary region of Sprague-Dawley rats using fluorescent microscopy techniques.	Superoxides	47-57	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	16-22
16220025-3	2006	Specific superoxide formation was measured by lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence, reduction of cytochrome c and rhodamine-123 fluorescence.	Superoxides	9-19	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	97-109
16472678-5	2006	For example, an oxidase activator (p47phox or Noxo1) and an oxidase activator (p67phox or Noxa1) are absolutely required for superoxide production by gp91phox and Nox1, but not by Nox3.	Superoxides	125-135	NADPH oxidase activator 1	Homo sapiens	90-95
16354686-4	2006	Clearance of both superoxide and H2O2 from within the endosomal compartment significantly abrogated IL-1beta-dependent IKK and NF-kappaB activation.	Superoxides	18-28	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	100-108
16354686-6	2006	Small interfering RNAs to either MyD88 or Rac1 inhibited IL-1beta induction of endosomal superoxide and NF-kappaB activation.	Superoxides	89-99	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	57-65
16220025-8	2006	The DHP Ca2+-channel agonist BayK8644 and ACE inhibitors captopril and ramiprilat led extracellular superoxide concentration to control level.	Superoxides	100-110	dihydropyrimidinase	Homo sapiens	4-7
16220025-8	2006	The DHP Ca2+-channel agonist BayK8644 and ACE inhibitors captopril and ramiprilat led extracellular superoxide concentration to control level.	Superoxides	100-110	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	42-45
16220025-11	2006	Ang II-induced superoxide was elevated by the phorbolester PMA and blocked by the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor chelerythrine.	Superoxides	15-25	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-6
17332678-7	2006	Whereas when iNOS induction was combined with arachidonate, death was not blocked by apocynin, but was blocked by a cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor (ibuprofen), suggesting that the source of superoxide contributing to cell death differs in these two conditions.	Superoxides	190-200	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	13-17
17166877-9	2006	The present results support continued development of our in vitro model as a tool for predicting certain in vivo responses, and suggest that in some biological systems the capability to scavenge superoxide but produce excess H(2)O(2), as is known for CuZnSOD, may be potentially deleterious.	Superoxides	195-205	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	251-258
16391519-0	2005	Downstream components of RhoA required for signal pathway of superoxide formation during phagocytosis of serum opsonized zymosans in macrophages.	Superoxides	61-71	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	25-29
16391519-4	2005	Tat-C3 blocked superoxide production, suggesting that RhoA is essentially involved in superoxide formation during phagocytosis of SOZ.	Superoxides	15-25	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	54-58
16391519-4	2005	Tat-C3 blocked superoxide production, suggesting that RhoA is essentially involved in superoxide formation during phagocytosis of SOZ.	Superoxides	86-96	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	54-58
16391519-6	2005	Inhibition of RhoA-activated kinase (ROCK), an important downstream effector of RhoA, by Y27632 and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) by ML-7 abrogated superoxide production by SOZ.	Superoxides	151-161	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	14-18
16391519-6	2005	Inhibition of RhoA-activated kinase (ROCK), an important downstream effector of RhoA, by Y27632 and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) by ML-7 abrogated superoxide production by SOZ.	Superoxides	151-161	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	80-84
16391519-10	2005	Taken together, RhoA, ROCK, p38MAPK, ERK1/2, and p47(PHOX) may be subsequently activated, leading to activation of NADPH oxidase to produce superoxide.	Superoxides	140-150	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	16-20
16391519-10	2005	Taken together, RhoA, ROCK, p38MAPK, ERK1/2, and p47(PHOX) may be subsequently activated, leading to activation of NADPH oxidase to produce superoxide.	Superoxides	140-150	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	37-43
16126163-5	2005	Oxy-I resembles the ferrous oxygen complex known for cytochrome P450, whereas oxy-II appears to be locked in the superoxide form.	Superoxides	113-123	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	53-84
16153593-3	2005	The corresponding vasorelaxant mechanisms are counteracted by superoxide which not only traps *NO but through the resulting peroxynitrite blocks prostacyclin synthase by nitration of an active site tyrosine residue.	Superoxides	62-72	prostaglandin I2 synthase	Homo sapiens	145-166
16281056-1	2005	We have created P1 artificial chromosome transgenic mice expressing the human mitochondrial superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and thus generated mice with a physiologically controlled augmentation of SOD2 expression leading to increased SOD2 enzyme activities and lowered superoxide levels.	Superoxides	92-102	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	196-200
16281056-1	2005	We have created P1 artificial chromosome transgenic mice expressing the human mitochondrial superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and thus generated mice with a physiologically controlled augmentation of SOD2 expression leading to increased SOD2 enzyme activities and lowered superoxide levels.	Superoxides	92-102	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	196-200
16215680-5	2005	In contrast, the detoxification of superoxide anions significantly reduced caspase 3 activity and almost completely inhibited the apoptotic decrease in total cellular DNA content as measured by propidium iodide staining.	Superoxides	35-52	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	75-84
16373854-4	2005	The administration of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) markedly reduced the CH-enhanced maximal PA constrictor response to ET-1, demonstrating the contribution of superoxide to CH-enhanced PA constrictor responses.	Superoxides	28-38	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	50-53
16373854-8	2005	To demonstrate that the increased chemiluminescence is due to superoxide generation, we added Cu/Zn SOD, which markedly decreased chemiluminescence, demonstrating the specificity of this assay.	Superoxides	62-72	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	94-103
16230508-3	2005	Because Ang II induces NAD(P)H oxidase activation, we hypothesized here that Brown Norway rats have higher vascular NAD(P)H oxidase activity and superoxide anion production than Lewis rats.	Superoxides	145-161	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	8-14
16087389-2	2005	EC-SOD contains a unique heparin-binding domain at its carboxy-terminus that establishes localization to the extracellular matrix where the enzyme scavenges superoxide anion.	Superoxides	157-173	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	0-6
16087389-4	2005	In addition to protecting against extracellular oxidative damage, EC-SOD, by scavenging superoxide, preserves nitric oxide bioactivity and facilitates hypoxia-induced gene expression.	Superoxides	88-98	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	66-72
16204644-3	2005	We studied whether local anesthetics affected LPS priming for enhanced release of O2- in response to triggering by the chemotactic peptide N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP), and we investigated which element in the LPS signaling pathway might be the target of local anesthetics.	Superoxides	82-84	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	180-184
16144972-1	2005	Experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that elevated levels of endothelin 1 (ET-1) in the vasculature activate NADPH oxidase and/or uncoupled nitric-oxide synthase (NOS), resulting in O2-* production, and mediate increased constriction.	Superoxides	194-196	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	73-85
16144972-1	2005	Experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that elevated levels of endothelin 1 (ET-1) in the vasculature activate NADPH oxidase and/or uncoupled nitric-oxide synthase (NOS), resulting in O2-* production, and mediate increased constriction.	Superoxides	194-196	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	87-91
16144972-4	2005	ET-1 significantly increased O2-* production compared with vehicle.	Superoxides	29-31	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
16144972-5	2005	SOD, ebselen, and apocynin inhibited the ET-1-induced increase in O2-* in intact and endothelium-denuded aorta.	Superoxides	66-70	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	41-45
16144972-6	2005	L-NAME and BH4 inhibited the ET-1-induced increase in O2-* in intact tissue, whereas these two compounds had no effect on ET-1-induced O2-* in endothelium-denuded aorta.	Superoxides	54-56	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	29-33
16144972-7	2005	Preincubation with BQ-123 or A-192621, individually, had no effect on ET-1-induced O2-*; however combining both antagonists inhibited the ET-1-stimulated increase in O2-*.	Superoxides	166-168	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	138-142
16316348-6	2005	Changes in P(alb) in response to O2- generated by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or xanthine/xanthine oxidase (X/XO) was assessed under conditions of nitric oxide depletion and repletion.	Superoxides	33-35	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	50-77
16316348-6	2005	Changes in P(alb) in response to O2- generated by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or xanthine/xanthine oxidase (X/XO) was assessed under conditions of nitric oxide depletion and repletion.	Superoxides	33-35	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	79-88
16316348-9	2005	O2- generated after incubation with TNF-alpha or X/XO increased P(alb).	Superoxides	0-2	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	36-45
16336581-0	2005	Increased phagocytic nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase-dependent superoxide production in patients with early chronic kidney disease.	Superoxides	83-93	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	21-72
16336581-7	2005	A direct correlation (r=0.441, P&lt;0.05) was found between plasma insulin levels and NADPH oxidase-mediated *O2- production in patients.	Superoxides	110-112	insulin	Homo sapiens	67-74
16139868-3	2005	To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the increased apoptosis, we compared alphaMUPA and WT mice for parameters associated with SOD2 (MnSOD), a mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme that converts superoxide radicals into H(2)O(2) and is also known to inhibit apoptosis.	Superoxides	203-222	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	140-144
16139868-3	2005	To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the increased apoptosis, we compared alphaMUPA and WT mice for parameters associated with SOD2 (MnSOD), a mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme that converts superoxide radicals into H(2)O(2) and is also known to inhibit apoptosis.	Superoxides	203-222	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	146-151
16135774-9	2005	Pre-incubation with the selective mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonist, eplerenone (10 micromol/L), significantly attenuated aldosterone-induced O(2)(-) production, NADPH oxidase activation and membranous translocation of p47phox and p67phox.	Superoxides	151-156	nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 2	Rattus norvegicus	34-60
16311928-0	2005	Superoxide production and oxygen consumption in endothelium-intact and -denuded artery stimulated by angiotensin II.	Superoxides	0-10	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	101-115
16311928-2	2005	We tested the hypothesis that superoxide (O2-) or other reactive oxidant species generated by AII played a role in the paradoxical O2 consumption response in porcine carotid artery, with or without an intact endothelium.	Superoxides	30-40	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	94-97
16216417-1	2005	Nitric oxide synthases (NOS) independent of the isozyme, produce nitric oxide (.NO), superoxide (O2.-), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	85-95	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	0-22
16216417-1	2005	Nitric oxide synthases (NOS) independent of the isozyme, produce nitric oxide (.NO), superoxide (O2.-), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	97-99	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	0-22
16319316-6	2005	Manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) was upregulated in pial vessels and around brain microvessels of APP+ mice, pointing to a role of superoxide in the dysfunctions elicited by amyloidosis.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	32-36
16148002-0	2005	Superoxide-dependent oxidation of melatonin by myeloperoxidase.	Superoxides	0-10	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	47-62
16148002-10	2005	We propose that myeloperoxidase uses superoxide to oxidize melatonin by two distinct pathways.	Superoxides	37-47	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	16-31
16148002-13	2005	In the other pathway, myeloperoxidase uses superoxide to insert dioxygen into melatonin to form AFMK.	Superoxides	43-53	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	22-37
16195479-9	2005	The modulation of superoxide release coincided with decreased expression of ecSOD and MnSOD and upregulation of the p22phox and p67phox subunits of the NADPH oxidase complex in progesterone-treated animals.	Superoxides	18-28	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	86-91
16210546-7	2005	Superoxide production (basal or in response to NADPH or angiotensin II) in the intracranial arteries, BA, and MCA was 10- to 100-fold greater than in AO, CA, RA, or MA.	Superoxides	0-10	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	47-70
16309582-1	2005	Angiotensin II can induce oxidant stress by stimulating vascular superoxide production.	Superoxides	65-75	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
16115878-1	2005	The superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase consists of a membrane-bound flavocytochrome b(558), the cytosol factors p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac2, which translocate to the membrane to assemble the active complex following neutrophil activation.	Superoxides	4-14	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	133-136
16115878-1	2005	The superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase consists of a membrane-bound flavocytochrome b(558), the cytosol factors p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac2, which translocate to the membrane to assemble the active complex following neutrophil activation.	Superoxides	4-14	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	144-147
16115878-1	2005	The superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase consists of a membrane-bound flavocytochrome b(558), the cytosol factors p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac2, which translocate to the membrane to assemble the active complex following neutrophil activation.	Superoxides	4-14	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	176-180
15942049-8	2005	Measurement of superoxide production with the fluorescent probe tempo 9-AC showed that ANG II caused an increase of 48 +/- 20 arbitrary units; apocynin or diphenyl iodonium (an inhibitor of flavoprotein oxidases) inhibited the response by 94%.	Superoxides	15-25	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	87-93
15942049-11	2005	We conclude that ANG II rapidly activates NAD(P)H oxidases of afferent arterioles, leading to the formation of O(2)-*, which then stimulates ADPR cyclase to form cADPR.	Superoxides	111-117	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	17-23
16267647-1	2005	A superoxide dismutase (SOD) biosensor for determination of superoxide radicals has been developed by immobilization of superoxide dismutase within gelatin (G) on a Pt electrode surface.	Superoxides	2-12	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	24-27
16267647-1	2005	A superoxide dismutase (SOD) biosensor for determination of superoxide radicals has been developed by immobilization of superoxide dismutase within gelatin (G) on a Pt electrode surface.	Superoxides	2-12	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	120-140
16267647-3	2005	The response of the G-SOD biosensor was proportional to O2*- concentration and the detection limit was 0.01 mmol L(-1) at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3.	Superoxides	56-59	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
16356114-11	2005	In conclusion, glucose promotes iron-mediated oxidation of apoB- 100 proline and arginine residues via a superoxide-dependent mechanism, thus rendering the LDL particles more atherogenic.	Superoxides	105-115	apolipoprotein B	Homo sapiens	59-68
16356118-5	2005	Others put forward a so-called "unifying hypothesis" suggesting that activation of several major pathways implicated in diabetic complications (e.g., sorbitol pathway) occurs due to increased production of superoxide anion radicals in mitochondria and resulting poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activation.	Superoxides	206-231	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	262-289
16356120-1	2005	Hyperglycemia-induced overproduction of superoxide by mitochondrial electron-transport chain triggers several pathways of injury involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications [protein kinase C (PKC), hexosamine and polyol pathway fluxes, advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation] by inhibiting glyceraldehyde- 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) activity.	Superoxides	40-50	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	309-350
16356120-1	2005	Hyperglycemia-induced overproduction of superoxide by mitochondrial electron-transport chain triggers several pathways of injury involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications [protein kinase C (PKC), hexosamine and polyol pathway fluxes, advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation] by inhibiting glyceraldehyde- 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) activity.	Superoxides	40-50	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	352-357
16356121-2	2005	The levels of superoxides are elevated in the retina, and the mitochondria become dysfunctional with proapoptotic protein, Bax, translocating from the cytosol into the mitochondria, and cytochrome c leaking out from the mitochondria.	Superoxides	14-25	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	186-198
16356121-4	2005	Inhibition of superoxides inhibits glucose -induced mitochondrial dysfunction, activation of caspase-3, and cell death in retinal capillary cells.	Superoxides	14-25	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	93-102
16179589-7	2005	Small interference RNA against Nox4 downregulates Nox4 mRNA by 80+/-5%, inhibits NADPH-driven superoxide production in response to TGF-beta1 by 65+/-7%, and reduces TGF-beta1-induced expression of SM alpha-actin by 95+/-2% (n=6, P&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	94-104	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	131-140
16246966-6	2005	Infusion of Ang II induced a significant increase in mean blood pressure, accompanied by augmented expression of Nox1 mRNA and superoxide production in the aorta of Nox1(+/Y), whereas the elevation in blood pressure and production of superoxide were significantly blunted in Nox1(-/Y).	Superoxides	127-137	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	12-18
16246966-6	2005	Infusion of Ang II induced a significant increase in mean blood pressure, accompanied by augmented expression of Nox1 mRNA and superoxide production in the aorta of Nox1(+/Y), whereas the elevation in blood pressure and production of superoxide were significantly blunted in Nox1(-/Y).	Superoxides	234-244	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	12-18
15899505-2	2005	Extracellular SOD (EC-SOD/SOD3) is a major superoxide scavenger and it is located on cell surfaces and primarily in extracellular matrix, and binds heparan sulfates by its carboxyterminal portion.	Superoxides	43-53	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	14-17
15899505-2	2005	Extracellular SOD (EC-SOD/SOD3) is a major superoxide scavenger and it is located on cell surfaces and primarily in extracellular matrix, and binds heparan sulfates by its carboxyterminal portion.	Superoxides	43-53	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	19-25
15899505-2	2005	Extracellular SOD (EC-SOD/SOD3) is a major superoxide scavenger and it is located on cell surfaces and primarily in extracellular matrix, and binds heparan sulfates by its carboxyterminal portion.	Superoxides	43-53	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	26-30
16151022-5	2005	DPI or antisense p22phox or p47phox oligonucleotide treatment also attenuated the AT1 receptor-dependent increase in O2*- production in the ventrolateral medulla elicited by Ang II at the RVLM.	Superoxides	117-121	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	174-180
16210055-6	2005	Superoxide anion generation was determined by means of cytochrome C reduction and degranulation by means of eosinophil-derived neurotoxin release.	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	55-67
16210055-9	2005	Finally, WAY103 inhibited VCAM-1-stimulated superoxide generation but enhanced cytokine-activated eosinophil-derived neurotoxin degranulation.	Superoxides	44-54	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	26-32
16210057-15	2005	Eosinophils in mucosal tissues can be either primed for action (cytokine production and survival) or fully activated (degranulation and superoxide release) by different forms of S-IgA.	Superoxides	136-146	CD79a molecule	Homo sapiens	180-183
16279946-9	2005	This reaction involves the TNFalpha-induced generation of superoxide leading to activation of NF-kappaB, and can be abolished by antioxidants and by overexpression of a super-suppressor phosphorylation-resistant IkappaBalpha.	Superoxides	58-68	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	27-35
16279946-9	2005	This reaction involves the TNFalpha-induced generation of superoxide leading to activation of NF-kappaB, and can be abolished by antioxidants and by overexpression of a super-suppressor phosphorylation-resistant IkappaBalpha.	Superoxides	58-68	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	94-103
16279946-9	2005	This reaction involves the TNFalpha-induced generation of superoxide leading to activation of NF-kappaB, and can be abolished by antioxidants and by overexpression of a super-suppressor phosphorylation-resistant IkappaBalpha.	Superoxides	58-68	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	212-224
16214039-10	2005	Sublethal superoxide dose evoked: (1) proinflammatory state manifested by increased IL-8 mRNA expression and CAM on the endothelial surface, (2) HUVEC apoptosis and activated endothelial NADPH oxidase, (3) increase in intracellular tissue factor, and (4) decrease in eNOS mRNA and protein and up-regulation of iNOS mRNA.	Superoxides	10-20	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	84-88
16214039-10	2005	Sublethal superoxide dose evoked: (1) proinflammatory state manifested by increased IL-8 mRNA expression and CAM on the endothelial surface, (2) HUVEC apoptosis and activated endothelial NADPH oxidase, (3) increase in intracellular tissue factor, and (4) decrease in eNOS mRNA and protein and up-regulation of iNOS mRNA.	Superoxides	10-20	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	310-314
16195397-6	2005	HIF1alpha nuclear translocation was not observed in ATPase-deficient fibroblasts with increased superoxide production and was found to be independent of cellular iron availability in SDHA-mutant cells.	Superoxides	96-106	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	0-9
16203876-4	2005	Histological analyses showed that increased amounts of superoxide and intense TGF-beta1 mRNA expression were present in lipid-positive tubular epithelial cells in angiotensin II-infused animals.	Superoxides	55-65	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	163-177
16216984-7	2005	Superoxide levels in control mice were higher in aorta treated with Ang II than with vehicle and were markedly reduced in CuZnSOD transgenic mice.	Superoxides	0-10	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	68-74
16216984-7	2005	Superoxide levels in control mice were higher in aorta treated with Ang II than with vehicle and were markedly reduced in CuZnSOD transgenic mice.	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	122-129
16088894-5	2005	Among the pro-inflammatory signals, the ability of the two anthraquinones to interfere with the production of superoxide anion (O(2) (-)), which was assumed as a marker of reactive oxygen species (ROS), was evaluated in an in vitro cell model by testing phagocytes, such as human neutrophils, challenged by the chemotactic agent N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP).	Superoxides	128-136	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	369-373
16171809-11	2005	Although genetic disruption of the iNOS gene provides partial protection against cytokine-induced cardiac dysfunction, iNOS-independent mechanisms, including contribution of NO from other NOS enzymes and the generation of superoxide, are also important contributors.	Superoxides	222-232	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	35-39
16204621-3	2005	However, this production of O2- is dependent on translocation of the oxidase subunits, including gp91phox, p22phox, p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and Rac2 from the cytosol or specific granules to the plasma membrane.	Superoxides	28-30	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	147-151
16107552-4	2005	We first confirmed the presence of ROS in the hearts of AhR null mice by measuring superoxide (O2*-)-dependent oxidation of dihydroethidium.	Superoxides	83-93	aryl-hydrocarbon receptor	Mus musculus	56-59
16107552-4	2005	We first confirmed the presence of ROS in the hearts of AhR null mice by measuring superoxide (O2*-)-dependent oxidation of dihydroethidium.	Superoxides	95-100	aryl-hydrocarbon receptor	Mus musculus	56-59
16230485-6	2005	Infusion of Ang II (0.7 mg/kg per day) into these mice for 2 weeks led to a potentiation of superoxide production compared with similarly treated negative littermate controls.	Superoxides	92-102	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	12-18
16230485-9	2005	Tempol decreased the level of Ang II-induced aortic superoxide production and partially reversed the hypertrophic and hypertensive responses in these animals.	Superoxides	52-62	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	30-36
16151022-0	2005	NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide anion mediates angiotensin II-induced pressor effect via activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in the rostral ventrolateral medulla.	Superoxides	22-38	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	48-62
16151022-0	2005	NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide anion mediates angiotensin II-induced pressor effect via activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in the rostral ventrolateral medulla.	Superoxides	22-38	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	104-140
16151022-2	2005	We tested the hypothesis that NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide anion (O2*-) in the RVLM mediates Ang II-induced pressor response via activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways.	Superoxides	52-68	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	97-103
16151022-2	2005	We tested the hypothesis that NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide anion (O2*-) in the RVLM mediates Ang II-induced pressor response via activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways.	Superoxides	52-68	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	181-185
16151022-2	2005	We tested the hypothesis that NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide anion (O2*-) in the RVLM mediates Ang II-induced pressor response via activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways.	Superoxides	70-72	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	97-103
16151022-2	2005	We tested the hypothesis that NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide anion (O2*-) in the RVLM mediates Ang II-induced pressor response via activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways.	Superoxides	70-72	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	181-185
16226933-6	2005	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and the uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase may be O2- -producing enzymes.	Superoxides	111-113	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	70-103
16186418-3	2005	METHODS AND RESULTS: Exposure of cultured human aortic endothelial cells to clinically relevant concentrations of CD40L (20 to 80 ng/mL) dose-dependently increased the production of superoxide (O2*-), decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity, and increased PGIS nitration.	Superoxides	182-192	CD40 ligand	Homo sapiens	114-119
16186418-3	2005	METHODS AND RESULTS: Exposure of cultured human aortic endothelial cells to clinically relevant concentrations of CD40L (20 to 80 ng/mL) dose-dependently increased the production of superoxide (O2*-), decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity, and increased PGIS nitration.	Superoxides	182-192	prostaglandin I2 synthase	Homo sapiens	256-260
16186418-3	2005	METHODS AND RESULTS: Exposure of cultured human aortic endothelial cells to clinically relevant concentrations of CD40L (20 to 80 ng/mL) dose-dependently increased the production of superoxide (O2*-), decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity, and increased PGIS nitration.	Superoxides	194-196	CD40 ligand	Homo sapiens	114-119
16186418-3	2005	METHODS AND RESULTS: Exposure of cultured human aortic endothelial cells to clinically relevant concentrations of CD40L (20 to 80 ng/mL) dose-dependently increased the production of superoxide (O2*-), decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity, and increased PGIS nitration.	Superoxides	194-196	prostaglandin I2 synthase	Homo sapiens	256-260
16186418-4	2005	Furthermore, inhibition of CD40 expression by small interfering RNA blocked the effects of CD40L on O2*-, NO bioactivity, and PGIS nitration, which indicates a specific effect of CD40L.	Superoxides	100-102	CD40 ligand	Homo sapiens	91-96
16186418-8	2005	CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that CD40L might contribute to the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis by increasing O2*(-)- and ONOO(-)-dependent PGIS nitration and thromboxane A2/prostaglandin H2 receptor stimulation.	Superoxides	120-122	CD40 ligand	Homo sapiens	30-35
16186418-8	2005	CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that CD40L might contribute to the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis by increasing O2*(-)- and ONOO(-)-dependent PGIS nitration and thromboxane A2/prostaglandin H2 receptor stimulation.	Superoxides	120-122	prostaglandin I2 synthase	Homo sapiens	150-154
15928021-9	2005	Housing pregnant mice in 12% O(2), or induction of maternal hyperglycemia (&gt;250 mg/dl), decreased Pax3 expression fivefold, and increased NTD eightfold.	Superoxides	29-33	paired box 3	Mus musculus	101-105
16009356-2	2005	Enzymatic systems such as the mitochondrial respiratory chain, vascular NAD(P)H oxidases, xanthine oxidase, and uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) produce superoxide anion (O2*-) in vascular cells.	Superoxides	171-187	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	122-155
16009356-2	2005	Enzymatic systems such as the mitochondrial respiratory chain, vascular NAD(P)H oxidases, xanthine oxidase, and uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) produce superoxide anion (O2*-) in vascular cells.	Superoxides	189-191	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	122-155
16140212-7	2005	Treatment of cells under hypoxia with low concentrations of the superoxide generator 2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone lowered HIF-1alpha protein stabilization.	Superoxides	64-74	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	126-136
16298730-8	2005	Our results underline the importance of SOD in terminating superoxide-dependent chain reactions in cells under oxidative stress.	Superoxides	59-69	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	40-43
15920727-8	2005	Further, both TLR4(-/-) and TLR4(+/+) microglia showed a similar increase in extracellular superoxide production when exposed to LPS (1-1,000 ng/ml).	Superoxides	91-101	toll-like receptor 4	Rattus norvegicus	14-18
15920727-8	2005	Further, both TLR4(-/-) and TLR4(+/+) microglia showed a similar increase in extracellular superoxide production when exposed to LPS (1-1,000 ng/ml).	Superoxides	91-101	toll-like receptor 4	Rattus norvegicus	28-32
15920727-9	2005	These data indicate that LPS-induced superoxide production in microglia is independent of TLR4 and that ROS derived from the production of extracellular superoxide in microglia mediates the LPS-induced TNF-alpha response of both the TLR4-dependent and independent pathway.	Superoxides	37-47	toll-like receptor 4	Rattus norvegicus	233-237
15920727-9	2005	These data indicate that LPS-induced superoxide production in microglia is independent of TLR4 and that ROS derived from the production of extracellular superoxide in microglia mediates the LPS-induced TNF-alpha response of both the TLR4-dependent and independent pathway.	Superoxides	153-163	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	202-211
15829915-10	2005	Superoxide production and ubiquitinated protein in the SOD 1 Tg mice were also lower than in the wild-type mice after tFCI.	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	55-60
16052483-5	2005	Higher oxidative stress (superoxide production, intracellular GSH depletion) was induced by alpha-linolenic (ALA) and linoleic (LA) incubation (P&lt;0.01) and superoxide production was suppressed by specific PKCalpha inhibitor (Go 6976) and linked to increased toxicity and IL-2 synthesis inhibition.	Superoxides	159-169	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	208-216
16052483-5	2005	Higher oxidative stress (superoxide production, intracellular GSH depletion) was induced by alpha-linolenic (ALA) and linoleic (LA) incubation (P&lt;0.01) and superoxide production was suppressed by specific PKCalpha inhibitor (Go 6976) and linked to increased toxicity and IL-2 synthesis inhibition.	Superoxides	159-169	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	274-278
16135774-9	2005	Pre-incubation with the selective mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonist, eplerenone (10 micromol/L), significantly attenuated aldosterone-induced O(2)(-) production, NADPH oxidase activation and membranous translocation of p47phox and p67phox.	Superoxides	151-156	nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 2	Rattus norvegicus	62-64
16160603-1	2005	Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) uncoupling is a condition of increased production of superoxide anion associated with a decreased production of nitric oxide (NO) by this enzyme.	Superoxides	81-97	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	0-21
16160597-3	2005	Angiotensin II (Ang II) has been shown to augment O2- formation.	Superoxides	50-52	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
16160597-3	2005	Angiotensin II (Ang II) has been shown to augment O2- formation.	Superoxides	50-52	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	16-22
16254825-2	2005	The effect of these flavonoids on stimulus-induced superoxide generation in human neutrophils was assayed by measuring the reduction of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	51-61	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	136-148
16254825-5	2005	FMLP-induced tyrosyl phosphorylation or PMA-induced serine/threonine phosphorylation and the translocation of the cytosolic proteins p47(phox) and p67(phox) to the cell membrane were suppressed in parallel to the suppression of the stimulus-induced superoxide generation.	Superoxides	249-259	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
16254825-5	2005	FMLP-induced tyrosyl phosphorylation or PMA-induced serine/threonine phosphorylation and the translocation of the cytosolic proteins p47(phox) and p67(phox) to the cell membrane were suppressed in parallel to the suppression of the stimulus-induced superoxide generation.	Superoxides	249-259	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	147-150
16259125-3	2005	Catalase (CAT), an antioxidant enzyme that specifically scavenges H2O2, could significantly diminish both histone acetylation increase and cell death caused by VK3, whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme that specifically eliminates O2*-, showed no effect on both of these, leading to the conclusion that H2O2 generation, but not O2*- generation, contributes to VK3-induced histone hyperacetylation and cell death.	Superoxides	68-70	catalase	Homo sapiens	0-8
16259125-3	2005	Catalase (CAT), an antioxidant enzyme that specifically scavenges H2O2, could significantly diminish both histone acetylation increase and cell death caused by VK3, whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme that specifically eliminates O2*-, showed no effect on both of these, leading to the conclusion that H2O2 generation, but not O2*- generation, contributes to VK3-induced histone hyperacetylation and cell death.	Superoxides	68-70	catalase	Homo sapiens	10-13
16259125-3	2005	Catalase (CAT), an antioxidant enzyme that specifically scavenges H2O2, could significantly diminish both histone acetylation increase and cell death caused by VK3, whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme that specifically eliminates O2*-, showed no effect on both of these, leading to the conclusion that H2O2 generation, but not O2*- generation, contributes to VK3-induced histone hyperacetylation and cell death.	Superoxides	240-242	catalase	Homo sapiens	0-8
16259125-3	2005	Catalase (CAT), an antioxidant enzyme that specifically scavenges H2O2, could significantly diminish both histone acetylation increase and cell death caused by VK3, whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme that specifically eliminates O2*-, showed no effect on both of these, leading to the conclusion that H2O2 generation, but not O2*- generation, contributes to VK3-induced histone hyperacetylation and cell death.	Superoxides	240-242	catalase	Homo sapiens	10-13
16150654-2	2005	We hypothesized that sulfaphenazole, an inhibitor of CYP2C6 and 9, also attenuates post-ischemic endothelial dysfunction by reducing CYP-mediated superoxide generation (which scavenges nitric oxide (NO)), thereby restoring NO bioavailability and vascular tone.	Superoxides	146-156	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	53-56
15987712-12	2005	PON inversely correlated with IgG aCL titres (P&lt;0.001), superoxide (P&lt;0.008) and peroxynitrite levels (P&lt;0.0009).	Superoxides	59-69	paraoxonase 1	Mus musculus	0-3
16140258-1	2005	The topology of superoxide generation by sn-glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and complex III in intact Drosophila mitochondria was studied using aconitase inactivation to measure superoxide production in the matrix, and hydrogen peroxide formation in the presence of superoxide dismutase to measure superoxide production from both sides of the membrane.	Superoxides	181-191	Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	44-78
16243586-7	2005	Similarly, angiotensin II-stimulated arterial superoxide production was reduced in the presence of the above inhibitors.	Superoxides	46-56	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	11-25
16243586-10	2005	Angiotensin II induced superoxide anion production may be mediated by multiple inter-dependent rate-limiting enzymes in both types of artery.	Superoxides	23-39	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
16243586-11	2005	Our studies may have important implication for future therapeutic approaches involving inhibition of angiotensin II mediated superoxide generation in hypertension and prevention of cardiovascular disease.	Superoxides	125-135	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	101-115
16243586-15	2005	Angiotensin II induced superoxide anion production may be mediated by multiple inter-dependent rate-limiting enzymes in both types of artery.	Superoxides	23-39	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
16140258-0	2005	The topology of superoxide production by complex III and glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase in Drosophila mitochondria.	Superoxides	16-26	Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	57-91
16140258-1	2005	The topology of superoxide generation by sn-glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and complex III in intact Drosophila mitochondria was studied using aconitase inactivation to measure superoxide production in the matrix, and hydrogen peroxide formation in the presence of superoxide dismutase to measure superoxide production from both sides of the membrane.	Superoxides	16-26	Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	44-78
16140258-1	2005	The topology of superoxide generation by sn-glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and complex III in intact Drosophila mitochondria was studied using aconitase inactivation to measure superoxide production in the matrix, and hydrogen peroxide formation in the presence of superoxide dismutase to measure superoxide production from both sides of the membrane.	Superoxides	181-191	Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	44-78
16195486-4	2005	This is caused by increased vascular superoxide production and a supersensitivity to vasoconstrictors secondary to a tonic activation of protein kinase C. NADPH oxidase(s) and uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase have been proposed as superoxide sources.	Superoxides	37-47	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	186-219
16195486-4	2005	This is caused by increased vascular superoxide production and a supersensitivity to vasoconstrictors secondary to a tonic activation of protein kinase C. NADPH oxidase(s) and uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase have been proposed as superoxide sources.	Superoxides	242-252	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	186-219
16195486-5	2005	Superoxide and vascular NO rapidly form peroxynitrite, which aggravates tolerance by promoting NO synthase uncoupling and inhibition of soluble guanylyl cyclase and prostacyclin synthase.	Superoxides	0-10	prostaglandin I2 synthase	Homo sapiens	165-186
16109303-3	2005	We herein hypothesize that in biological systems the presence of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the facile transmembrane diffusion of (*)NO preclude accumulation of O(2)*(-) and (*)NO radicals under flux ratios different from one, preventing the secondary reactions that result in the inhibition of 3-nitrotyrosine formation.	Superoxides	165-169	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	87-90
16109303-6	2005	However, when superoxide dismutation by SOD and (*)NO decay due to diffusion out of the compartment were incorporated in the model, a quite different profile of J(NO(2(-))Y) as a function of the radical flux ratio was obtained: despite the fact that nitration yields were much lower, the bell-shape profile was lost and the extent of tyrosine nitration was responsive to increases in either O(2)*(-) or (*)NO, in agreement with in vivo observations.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	40-43
16015598-2	2005	Furthermore, angiotensin activates NADPH-dependent oxidases, which are a major source of superoxide, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, commonly used in the treatment of hypertension and chronic heart failure, have shown antioxidant properties in several tissues.	Superoxides	89-99	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Rattus norvegicus	105-134
16145000-6	2005	An Ang II type 1 (AT1) receptor blocker, valsartan, inhibited atherosclerotic lesion formation, superoxide production, NADPH oxidase activity, and p47phox expression; these inhibitory effects were significantly weaker in AT2/ApoE-KO mice.	Superoxides	96-106	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	3-9
16084485-2	2005	Activators include superoxide and reactive alkenals, suggesting new physiological functions for UCP2 and UCP3: their activation by superoxide when protonmotive force is high causes mild uncoupling, which lowers protonmotive force and attenuates superoxide generation by the electron transport chain.	Superoxides	19-29	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	96-100
16156895-10	2005	This mechanism may mediate inflammatory neurodegeneration in response to cytokines, bacteria, ATP, arachidonate and pathological prions, in which case neurons may be protected by iNOS or NOX inhibitors, or scavengers of NO, superoxide or peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	224-234	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	179-183
16084485-2	2005	Activators include superoxide and reactive alkenals, suggesting new physiological functions for UCP2 and UCP3: their activation by superoxide when protonmotive force is high causes mild uncoupling, which lowers protonmotive force and attenuates superoxide generation by the electron transport chain.	Superoxides	131-141	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	96-100
16084485-2	2005	Activators include superoxide and reactive alkenals, suggesting new physiological functions for UCP2 and UCP3: their activation by superoxide when protonmotive force is high causes mild uncoupling, which lowers protonmotive force and attenuates superoxide generation by the electron transport chain.	Superoxides	131-141	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	96-100
15863444-12	2005	Eosinophils treated with medium from IL-4-stimulated A549 cells preincubated with anti-CCL26 showed a marked decrease of superoxide anion production compared with anti-CCL24 treated.	Superoxides	121-137	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	37-41
15972824-9	2005	Using a spin-trapping technique combined with electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, we confirmed this result but also demonstrated that the partially glycosylated form of Duox2, located in the endoplasmic reticulum, generates superoxide in a calcium-dependent manner.	Superoxides	234-244	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	179-184
15908460-2	2005	Endothelin-1 (ET-1) induces superoxide production, which can be dismutated to H(2)O(2).	Superoxides	28-38	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-12
15847608-0	2005	HIV-1 Nef regulates the release of superoxide anions from human macrophages.	Superoxides	35-52	S100 calcium binding protein B	Homo sapiens	6-9
15847608-4	2005	We show here that the inducible expression of Nef in human phagocytic cells modulates the superoxide release in a biphasic manner.	Superoxides	90-100	S100 calcium binding protein B	Homo sapiens	46-49
15847608-5	2005	In particular, an early Nef-induced increase of the superoxide release was followed by a dramatic decrease starting from 10 h after the Nef induction.	Superoxides	52-62	S100 calcium binding protein B	Homo sapiens	24-27
15847608-5	2005	In particular, an early Nef-induced increase of the superoxide release was followed by a dramatic decrease starting from 10 h after the Nef induction.	Superoxides	52-62	S100 calcium binding protein B	Homo sapiens	136-139
15847608-7	2005	Whereas the early increase in superoxide release is probably the result of the already described Nef-dependent activation of PAK-2 (p21-activated kinase 2)-Rac2, we were interested in investigating the mechanisms underlying the late inhibition of superoxide release observed originally.	Superoxides	30-40	S100 calcium binding protein B	Homo sapiens	97-100
15847608-7	2005	Whereas the early increase in superoxide release is probably the result of the already described Nef-dependent activation of PAK-2 (p21-activated kinase 2)-Rac2, we were interested in investigating the mechanisms underlying the late inhibition of superoxide release observed originally.	Superoxides	30-40	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	156-160
15847608-8	2005	In this regard, we individuated at least three independent requirements for the Nef-induced blockade of superoxide release: (i) the active protein synthesis; (ii) both the membrane localization and the interaction with endocytotic machinery of Nef; and (iii) the release of soluble factor(s).	Superoxides	104-114	S100 calcium binding protein B	Homo sapiens	80-83
15847608-8	2005	In this regard, we individuated at least three independent requirements for the Nef-induced blockade of superoxide release: (i) the active protein synthesis; (ii) both the membrane localization and the interaction with endocytotic machinery of Nef; and (iii) the release of soluble factor(s).	Superoxides	104-114	S100 calcium binding protein B	Homo sapiens	244-247
16093920-0	2005	Vascular but not cardiac remodeling is associated with superoxide production in angiotensin II hypertension.	Superoxides	55-65	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	80-94
16181054-4	2005	The addition of IFN-gamma, alone or in combination with TNF-alpha, increased spontaneous superoxide release by PBM and THP-1 cells (p &lt; 0.05) and increased phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-stimulated superoxide release by CM, PBM, and THP-1 cells (p &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	89-99	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	16-25
16181054-4	2005	The addition of IFN-gamma, alone or in combination with TNF-alpha, increased spontaneous superoxide release by PBM and THP-1 cells (p &lt; 0.05) and increased phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-stimulated superoxide release by CM, PBM, and THP-1 cells (p &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	89-99	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	56-65
16181054-4	2005	The addition of IFN-gamma, alone or in combination with TNF-alpha, increased spontaneous superoxide release by PBM and THP-1 cells (p &lt; 0.05) and increased phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-stimulated superoxide release by CM, PBM, and THP-1 cells (p &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	202-212	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	16-25
16181054-4	2005	The addition of IFN-gamma, alone or in combination with TNF-alpha, increased spontaneous superoxide release by PBM and THP-1 cells (p &lt; 0.05) and increased phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-stimulated superoxide release by CM, PBM, and THP-1 cells (p &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	202-212	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	56-65
16125525-2	2005	Results suggest that a 6-week-long Flu administration completely counteracted the AII-induced increase in superoxide anion and leukotriene C4 production of the neutrophils of patients with hypercholesterolemia.	Superoxides	106-122	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	82-85
15933216-3	2005	Mn-SOD is acknowledged as a major sink for mitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	57-67	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	0-6
15947986-9	2005	Priming with VT1 significantly reduced superoxide release when neutrophils were stimulated with fMLP or PMA.	Superoxides	39-49	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	96-100
15972824-10	2005	These results suggest that post-translational modifications during the maturation process of Duox2 could be implicated in the mechanism of H2O2 formation by favoring intramolecular superoxide dismutation.	Superoxides	181-191	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	93-98
15949904-1	2005	The activity of gp91phox, the catalytic subunit of the superoxide-generating respiratory burst oxidase, is stimulated by the regulatory subunits p47phox, p67phox and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	55-65	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	183-186
16081809-1	2005	Rac1 and Rac2 are capable of stimulating superoxide production in vitro, but their targeting and functional mechanisms are still unknown.	Superoxides	41-51	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	9-13
15946965-14	2005	In conclusion, diabetes-related oxidative stress attenuates K+ currents through ANG II-generated increased superoxide ion levels.	Superoxides	107-117	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	80-86
16043023-3	2005	In this study we demonstrate that removal of superoxide by the SOD mimetic (SODm) M40403 reduces the respiratory and histopathological lung abnormalities due to ovalbumin (OA) aerosol in a model of allergic asthma-like reaction in sensitized guinea pigs.	Superoxides	45-55	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Cavia porcellus	63-66
15778277-1	2005	We have previously reported that ANG II stimulation increased superoxide anion (O2-) through the activation of NAD(P)H oxidase and inhibited nitric oxide (NO)-dependent control of myocardial oxygen consumption (MVo2) by scavenging NO.	Superoxides	62-78	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	33-39
16014616-3	2005	Superoxide levels were elevated in arteries after LPS, and increased levels of superoxide were prevented by gene transfer of IL-10.	Superoxides	0-10	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	50-53
16014616-3	2005	Superoxide levels were elevated in arteries after LPS, and increased levels of superoxide were prevented by gene transfer of IL-10.	Superoxides	0-10	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	125-130
16014616-3	2005	Superoxide levels were elevated in arteries after LPS, and increased levels of superoxide were prevented by gene transfer of IL-10.	Superoxides	79-89	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	125-130
15879305-3	2005	Superoxide produced by the NADPH oxidase may react with NO released by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), thereby generating peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	0-10	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	71-104
15993333-7	2005	Under this condition, apoptosis was triggered by an increased production of superoxide that led to a specific activation of the JNK-dependent pathway.	Superoxides	76-86	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	128-131
15993333-8	2005	The involvement of superoxide and JNK was demonstrated by cell death inhibition in experiments carried out in the presence of Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase or with specific inhibitors of JNK activity.	Superoxides	19-29	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	126-152
15993333-8	2005	The involvement of superoxide and JNK was demonstrated by cell death inhibition in experiments carried out in the presence of Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase or with specific inhibitors of JNK activity.	Superoxides	19-29	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	184-187
16121716-5	2005	Chandraprabha Vati was a good scavenger of superoxide radical and Maha yogaraja Guggulu was efficient in scavenging nitric oxide (NO), while both inhibited lipid peroxidation efficiently.	Superoxides	43-61	vesicle amine transport 1	Homo sapiens	14-18
16206826-3	2005	Compounds 5, 3, 9, 4, 17 and 13 have strong inhibitory effects on superoxide anion formation (98%, 93%, 91%, 88%, 85% and 81%, respectively) at 10(-3) M concentration and these results are better than 30 IU of superoxide dismutase (SOD) (76%).	Superoxides	66-82	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	210-230
16206826-3	2005	Compounds 5, 3, 9, 4, 17 and 13 have strong inhibitory effects on superoxide anion formation (98%, 93%, 91%, 88%, 85% and 81%, respectively) at 10(-3) M concentration and these results are better than 30 IU of superoxide dismutase (SOD) (76%).	Superoxides	66-82	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	232-235
16024814-7	2005	Conversely, p38 MAPK activation was dependent upon superoxide and was also nullified in STAT1 knockout macrophages, probably due to impaired generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	51-61	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	12-15
16024814-7	2005	Conversely, p38 MAPK activation was dependent upon superoxide and was also nullified in STAT1 knockout macrophages, probably due to impaired generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	155-165	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	12-15
16099495-1	2005	Superoxide dismutases (SOD), a group of metal-containing enzymes, have a vital anti-oxidant role in human health, conferred by their scavenging of one of the reactive oxygen species, superoxide anion.	Superoxides	183-199	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-21
16099495-1	2005	Superoxide dismutases (SOD), a group of metal-containing enzymes, have a vital anti-oxidant role in human health, conferred by their scavenging of one of the reactive oxygen species, superoxide anion.	Superoxides	183-199	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	23-26
16184402-9	2005	Trilinolein inhibited ET-1-increased NADPH oxidase activity and superoxide formation in a concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	64-74	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	22-26
16184402-10	2005	This increase in superoxide production by ET-1 was significantly inhibited by trilinolein, diphenyleneiodonium, or N-acetylcysteine.	Superoxides	17-27	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	42-46
16184402-12	2005	These data indicate that trilinolein inhibits ET-1-induced ERK phosphorylation, JNK phosphorylation, and c-fos gene expression via attenuating superoxide production in cardiomyocytes.	Superoxides	143-153	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	46-50
15878793-4	2005	A 2-week administration of AT II increased significantly systolic blood pressure, the production of superoxide anion in the aorta and B1 receptor binding sites in the thoracic spinal dorsal horn.	Superoxides	100-116	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	27-32
15922491-3	2005	In the present study we investigated the ability of N/OFQ, in comparison with the proinflammatory peptide formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP), to stimulate human neutrophil and monocyte chemotaxis and the release of lysozyme and superoxide anion (O2-) production from neutrophils.	Superoxides	219-235	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	52-57
15922491-3	2005	In the present study we investigated the ability of N/OFQ, in comparison with the proinflammatory peptide formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP), to stimulate human neutrophil and monocyte chemotaxis and the release of lysozyme and superoxide anion (O2-) production from neutrophils.	Superoxides	237-239	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	52-57
15998028-7	2005	As the redox potentials to convert the Co(II) to Co(III) are high, it can be inferred that the redox potential of the Co(II)-substituted SOD may be outside the range required to convert the superoxide radical (O2*-) to hydrogen peroxide, and this is sufficient to explain the inactivity of the enzyme.	Superoxides	190-208	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	39-45
15845871-10	2005	It is likely that LPS induction of iNOS, which produces NO, coupled to pyrazole induction of CYP2E1 which produces superoxide, sets up conditions for maximal peroxynitrite formation and production of 3-nitrotyrosine adducts.	Superoxides	115-125	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	35-39
15845871-10	2005	It is likely that LPS induction of iNOS, which produces NO, coupled to pyrazole induction of CYP2E1 which produces superoxide, sets up conditions for maximal peroxynitrite formation and production of 3-nitrotyrosine adducts.	Superoxides	115-125	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	93-99
15964507-2	2005	In the mitochondria, superoxide is detoxified by manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2).	Superoxides	21-31	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	49-79
15964507-2	2005	In the mitochondria, superoxide is detoxified by manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2).	Superoxides	21-31	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	81-85
15878941-7	2005	Furthermore, IL-6 time dependently increased superoxide anion production and ONOO- formation; the latter was abolished by 5,10,15,20-tetrakis-(4-sulphonatophenyl)-porphyrinato iron (III) (FeTPPS), an ONOO- decomposition catalyst.	Superoxides	45-61	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	13-17
15998684-2	2005	G6PD may therefore affect superoxide anion production via vascular NADPH oxidase, which is key in mediating the vascular response to angiotensin II (Ang II).	Superoxides	26-42	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	133-147
15998684-2	2005	G6PD may therefore affect superoxide anion production via vascular NADPH oxidase, which is key in mediating the vascular response to angiotensin II (Ang II).	Superoxides	26-42	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	149-155
15998028-7	2005	As the redox potentials to convert the Co(II) to Co(III) are high, it can be inferred that the redox potential of the Co(II)-substituted SOD may be outside the range required to convert the superoxide radical (O2*-) to hydrogen peroxide, and this is sufficient to explain the inactivity of the enzyme.	Superoxides	190-208	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase III	Homo sapiens	49-56
15998028-7	2005	As the redox potentials to convert the Co(II) to Co(III) are high, it can be inferred that the redox potential of the Co(II)-substituted SOD may be outside the range required to convert the superoxide radical (O2*-) to hydrogen peroxide, and this is sufficient to explain the inactivity of the enzyme.	Superoxides	190-208	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	118-124
15998028-7	2005	As the redox potentials to convert the Co(II) to Co(III) are high, it can be inferred that the redox potential of the Co(II)-substituted SOD may be outside the range required to convert the superoxide radical (O2*-) to hydrogen peroxide, and this is sufficient to explain the inactivity of the enzyme.	Superoxides	210-215	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	39-45
15998028-7	2005	As the redox potentials to convert the Co(II) to Co(III) are high, it can be inferred that the redox potential of the Co(II)-substituted SOD may be outside the range required to convert the superoxide radical (O2*-) to hydrogen peroxide, and this is sufficient to explain the inactivity of the enzyme.	Superoxides	210-215	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase III	Homo sapiens	49-56
15998028-7	2005	As the redox potentials to convert the Co(II) to Co(III) are high, it can be inferred that the redox potential of the Co(II)-substituted SOD may be outside the range required to convert the superoxide radical (O2*-) to hydrogen peroxide, and this is sufficient to explain the inactivity of the enzyme.	Superoxides	210-215	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	118-124
15852033-14	2005	TNF-alpha further increased prednisolone-enhanced O(2)(*-) formation in intact PA segments and PAECs.	Superoxides	50-54	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-9
15939049-14	2005	CONCLUSIONS: PON1 directly reduced macrophage and aortic oxidative status, which was associated with decreased superoxide anion production and increased glutathione content.	Superoxides	111-127	paraoxonase 1	Mus musculus	13-17
15922319-3	2005	We employed this tissue model to explore mechanisms involved in AngII-mediated superoxide production.	Superoxides	79-89	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	64-69
15922319-6	2005	RESULTS: Superoxide production was stimulated by AngII and PMA and attenuated by AT1 receptor antagonists (mean percentage reduction 80.2%, P&lt;0.01) and inhibitors of PKC (mean reduction 94.8%, P&lt;0.001) and NAD(P)H oxidase (mean reduction 100%, P&lt; 0.001).	Superoxides	9-19	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	49-54
15922319-7	2005	CONCLUSIONS: AngII stimulates platelet superoxide production through activation of vascular NAD(P)H oxidase via the AT1 receptor and PKC.	Superoxides	39-49	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	13-18
15998281-7	2005	Taken together, our results suggest that ROS production, especially superoxide production via NADPH oxidase, is required for NMDA receptor-dependent activation of ERK in hippocampal area CA1.	Superoxides	68-78	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	163-166
15911738-7	2005	Moreover, in estrogen-deficient rats, TNF-alpha inhibition reduced the constriction of mesenteric arteries to phenylephrine, increased the modulation of this vasoconstriction by the NO synthase inhibitor nitro-l-arginine methyl ester, and decreased the modulation by a superoxide scavenger (Mn(III)tetrakis(4-benzoic acid) porphyrin chloride).	Superoxides	269-279	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	38-47
15942460-8	2005	Treatment with BH4 also significantly reduced Ang II-induced increases in inducible NO synthase expression, nitrotyrosine immunostaining, NO production and superoxide anion formation in rats.	Superoxides	156-172	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	46-52
15942460-9	2005	CONCLUSION: These results indicate that BH4 might prevent the development of hypertension and myocardial hypertrophy, as well as the Ang II-induced production of superoxide and NO, thereby reducing the production of peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	162-172	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	133-139
15911335-3	2005	ROS (e.g., superoxide, peroxynitrite, hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide) are all potential reactants capable of initiating DNA single strand breakage, with subsequent activation of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase (PARS), leading to eventual severe energy depletion of the cells, and necrotic-type cell death.	Superoxides	11-21	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	205-232
15941833-1	2005	Recent studies demonstrate that oxidative inactivation of tetrahydrobiopterin (H4B) may cause uncoupling of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) to produce superoxide (O2*-).	Superoxides	160-170	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	108-141
15941833-1	2005	Recent studies demonstrate that oxidative inactivation of tetrahydrobiopterin (H4B) may cause uncoupling of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) to produce superoxide (O2*-).	Superoxides	172-174	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	108-141
15941833-8	2005	Rapid and transient activation of endothelial NAD(P)H oxidases was responsible for the initial burst production of O2* (Rac1 inhibitor NSC 23766 but not an N-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester-attenuated ESR O2*- signal at 30 min) in response to angiotensin II, preceding a second peak in O2*- production at 24 h that predominantly depended on uncoupled eNOS.	Superoxides	115-117	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	241-255
15941833-10	2005	production and diminished eNOS production of O2*- in angiotensin II-stimulated cells.	Superoxides	45-47	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	53-67
15824103-3	2005	Here we show that ectopic expression of Nox3 in various types of cells leads to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-independent constitutive production of a substantial amount of superoxide under the conditions where gp91(phox) and Nox1 fail to generate superoxide, i.e. in the absence of the oxidase organizers and activators.	Superoxides	175-185	NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47)	Mus musculus	218-222
15824103-4	2005	Nox3 likely forms a functional complex with p22(phox); Nox3 physically interacts with and stabilizes p22(phox), and the Nox3-dependent superoxide production is totally dependent on p22(phox).	Superoxides	135-145	dynein cytoplasmic 1 heavy chain 1	Mus musculus	44-47
15824103-4	2005	Nox3 likely forms a functional complex with p22(phox); Nox3 physically interacts with and stabilizes p22(phox), and the Nox3-dependent superoxide production is totally dependent on p22(phox).	Superoxides	135-145	NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47)	Mus musculus	48-52
15824103-4	2005	Nox3 likely forms a functional complex with p22(phox); Nox3 physically interacts with and stabilizes p22(phox), and the Nox3-dependent superoxide production is totally dependent on p22(phox).	Superoxides	135-145	dynein cytoplasmic 1 heavy chain 1	Mus musculus	101-104
15824103-4	2005	Nox3 likely forms a functional complex with p22(phox); Nox3 physically interacts with and stabilizes p22(phox), and the Nox3-dependent superoxide production is totally dependent on p22(phox).	Superoxides	135-145	NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47)	Mus musculus	105-109
15824103-4	2005	Nox3 likely forms a functional complex with p22(phox); Nox3 physically interacts with and stabilizes p22(phox), and the Nox3-dependent superoxide production is totally dependent on p22(phox).	Superoxides	135-145	dynein cytoplasmic 1 heavy chain 1	Mus musculus	101-104
15824103-4	2005	Nox3 likely forms a functional complex with p22(phox); Nox3 physically interacts with and stabilizes p22(phox), and the Nox3-dependent superoxide production is totally dependent on p22(phox).	Superoxides	135-145	NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47)	Mus musculus	105-109
15824103-5	2005	The organizers p47(phox) and Noxo1 are capable of enhancing the superoxide production by Nox3 in the absence of the activators, and the enhancement requires the interaction of the organizers with p22(phox), further indicating a link between Nox3 and p22(phox).	Superoxides	64-74	NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47)	Mus musculus	15-24
15824103-5	2005	The organizers p47(phox) and Noxo1 are capable of enhancing the superoxide production by Nox3 in the absence of the activators, and the enhancement requires the interaction of the organizers with p22(phox), further indicating a link between Nox3 and p22(phox).	Superoxides	64-74	dynein cytoplasmic 1 heavy chain 1	Mus musculus	196-199
15824103-5	2005	The organizers p47(phox) and Noxo1 are capable of enhancing the superoxide production by Nox3 in the absence of the activators, and the enhancement requires the interaction of the organizers with p22(phox), further indicating a link between Nox3 and p22(phox).	Superoxides	64-74	NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47)	Mus musculus	19-23
15824103-5	2005	The organizers p47(phox) and Noxo1 are capable of enhancing the superoxide production by Nox3 in the absence of the activators, and the enhancement requires the interaction of the organizers with p22(phox), further indicating a link between Nox3 and p22(phox).	Superoxides	64-74	dynein cytoplasmic 1 heavy chain 1	Mus musculus	250-253
15824103-5	2005	The organizers p47(phox) and Noxo1 are capable of enhancing the superoxide production by Nox3 in the absence of the activators, and the enhancement requires the interaction of the organizers with p22(phox), further indicating a link between Nox3 and p22(phox).	Superoxides	64-74	NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47)	Mus musculus	200-204
15824103-8	2005	Thus Nox3 functions together with p22(phox) as an enzyme constitutively producing superoxide, which can be distinctly regulated by combinatorial use of the organizers and activators.	Superoxides	82-92	dynein cytoplasmic 1 heavy chain 1	Mus musculus	34-37
15824103-8	2005	Thus Nox3 functions together with p22(phox) as an enzyme constitutively producing superoxide, which can be distinctly regulated by combinatorial use of the organizers and activators.	Superoxides	82-92	NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47)	Mus musculus	38-42
15917194-10	2005	This study suggests that water-soluble antioxidants, which scavenge superoxide radicals, may reduce platelet CD40L expression.	Superoxides	68-78	CD40 ligand	Homo sapiens	109-114
15917191-3	2005	In this study we found that peroxynitrite, a physiological oxidant formed by the fast radical-radical reaction between the nitric oxide and the superoxide anion, induced tyrosine phosphorylation of the serine/threonine protein phosphatase 1alpha (PP1alpha) in human erythrocytes through activation of src family kinases.	Superoxides	144-160	protein phosphatase 1 catalytic subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	247-255
16001098-9	2005	However, the low activity of SOD in PMN may be responsible for the increased levels of superoxide anion radicals in the epidermis.	Superoxides	87-112	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	29-32
15925745-4	2005	When uncoupled from essential cofactors, NO synthase III (NOS III) can also produce O(2)(*-).	Superoxides	84-88	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	41-56
15925745-4	2005	When uncoupled from essential cofactors, NO synthase III (NOS III) can also produce O(2)(*-).	Superoxides	84-88	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	58-65
15925745-10	2005	A reduction in O(2)(*-) production in response to L-NAME occurred in the remaining patients and indicates O(2)(*-) production by the uncoupled NOS III enzyme.	Superoxides	15-19	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	143-150
15925745-10	2005	A reduction in O(2)(*-) production in response to L-NAME occurred in the remaining patients and indicates O(2)(*-) production by the uncoupled NOS III enzyme.	Superoxides	15-23	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	143-150
15925745-11	2005	CONCLUSIONS: This study provides first published evidence that NOS III can reside in the uncoupled state in patients with hypertension and, to a greater extent, in patients with coexisting hypertension and diabetes, and that it contributes significantly to increased superoxide production in these disease states.	Superoxides	267-277	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	63-70
15778738-3	2005	2 This study was undertaken to establish the role of SP in human AM isolated from healthy smokers and non-smokers, by evaluating the presence of tachykinin NK(1) receptors (NK-1R) and SP"s ability to induce superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) production and cytokine release, as well as activation of the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) pathway.	Superoxides	207-223	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	184-186
15778738-5	2005	These NK-1R are functional, as SP and NK(1) agonists dose-dependently induce O(2)(-) production and cytokine release.	Superoxides	77-81	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	31-33
15962931-6	2005	This signal was quenched by the addition of the superoxide scavenging enzyme Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	48-58	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	77-103
15920727-9	2005	These data indicate that LPS-induced superoxide production in microglia is independent of TLR4 and that ROS derived from the production of extracellular superoxide in microglia mediates the LPS-induced TNF-alpha response of both the TLR4-dependent and independent pathway.	Superoxides	153-163	toll-like receptor 4	Rattus norvegicus	233-237
16026269-2	2005	Hyperglycemia directly promotes an endothelial dysfunction inducing process of overproduction of superoxide and consequently peroxynitrite, that damages DNA and activates the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase.	Superoxides	97-107	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	190-217
15864528-11	2005	The production of superoxide anions (O2-) was significantly increased in the aortae of AngII-treated rats, and this increase was prevented by the administration of tempol or BH4.	Superoxides	18-35	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	87-92
15864528-11	2005	The production of superoxide anions (O2-) was significantly increased in the aortae of AngII-treated rats, and this increase was prevented by the administration of tempol or BH4.	Superoxides	37-39	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	87-92
15890620-4	2005	Strikingly, and so far unreported, we found a substantial decrease in the activity of the cytosolic copper, zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) in the heart tissue of SOD2(+/-) mice, suggesting that the breakdown of mitochondrial membranes in the heart of SOD2(+/-) mice results in the enhanced release of superoxide anion radicals or derivatives thereof with subsequent inactivation of cytosolic SOD1.	Superoxides	303-328	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	135-139
15890620-4	2005	Strikingly, and so far unreported, we found a substantial decrease in the activity of the cytosolic copper, zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) in the heart tissue of SOD2(+/-) mice, suggesting that the breakdown of mitochondrial membranes in the heart of SOD2(+/-) mice results in the enhanced release of superoxide anion radicals or derivatives thereof with subsequent inactivation of cytosolic SOD1.	Superoxides	303-328	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	164-168
15935981-0	2005	Perioperative treatment with human growth hormone down-regulates apoptosis and increases superoxide production in PMN from patients undergoing infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.	Superoxides	89-99	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	35-49
15929797-1	2005	BACKGROUND: In the nervous system, as in other organs, Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn SOD) is a key antioxidant enzyme involved in superoxide detoxification in normal cellular metabolism and after cell injury.	Superoxides	61-71	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	83-92
15985711-13	2005	In both HSV and IMA segments superoxide production was more than doubled in the presence of SOD inhibitor-DETC.	Superoxides	29-39	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	92-95
15980672-12	2005	CONCLUSIONS: The disturbed metabolism of superoxide due to the decreased activities of SOD and catalase seem to be important in the pathogenesis of NASH.	Superoxides	41-51	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	87-90
15980672-12	2005	CONCLUSIONS: The disturbed metabolism of superoxide due to the decreased activities of SOD and catalase seem to be important in the pathogenesis of NASH.	Superoxides	41-51	catalase	Homo sapiens	95-103
15837578-6	2005	The inhibition of O2- and NO production by Hippocampal-Cm was mimicked by the addition of recombinant TGF beta1.	Superoxides	18-20	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	102-111
15837578-7	2005	Treating Hippocampal-Cm with an antibody against TGF beta1 to neutralize its activity eliminated its ability to inhibit O2- and NO production.	Superoxides	120-122	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	49-58
15935810-3	2005	Recently suggested roles for NQO1 which may have relevance for mechanisms underlying benzene toxicity include modulation of cellular redox balance, direct scavenging of superoxide, stabilization of p53 and stabilization of microtubules.	Superoxides	169-179	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	29-33
15884106-11	2005	CONCLUSION: A decrease in SOD antioxidant activity leading to increased mucosal levels of superoxide anion and peroxynitrite radicals may contribute to the development of esophageal damage and Barrett"s esophagus in patients with gastroesophageal reflux.	Superoxides	90-106	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	26-29
15879116-5	2005	DMSO also elevated IL-1beta secretion by PBMC in response to exogenous superoxide anions.	Superoxides	71-88	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	19-27
15757894-6	2005	The elevated basal activity of I kappa B kinase in macrophages from Ucp2-/- mice can be blocked by cell-permeable inhibitors of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide generation, but not by a specific inhibitor for inducible nitric-oxide synthase.	Superoxides	128-138	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	68-72
15757894-7	2005	Isolated mitochondria from Ucp2-/- cells produced more superoxide/hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	55-65	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	27-31
15637112-0	2005	Increased superoxide leads to decreased flow-induced dilation in resistance arteries of Mn-SOD-deficient mice.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	88-94
15637112-5	2005	Tempol or tiron (superoxide scavengers) increased flow-induced dilation in vessels of Mn-SOD+/- mice.	Superoxides	17-27	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	86-95
15637112-7	2005	Superoxide levels in the arteries of Mn-SOD+/- mice were significantly increased.	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	37-43
15637112-11	2005	We conclude that an increased concentration of superoxide due to reduced activity of Mn-SOD, which inactivates nitric oxide and inhibits eNOS activity, contributes to the impaired vasodilator function of isolated mesenteric arteries of Mn-SOD+/- mice.	Superoxides	47-57	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	85-91
15637112-11	2005	We conclude that an increased concentration of superoxide due to reduced activity of Mn-SOD, which inactivates nitric oxide and inhibits eNOS activity, contributes to the impaired vasodilator function of isolated mesenteric arteries of Mn-SOD+/- mice.	Superoxides	47-57	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	236-245
15965076-10	2005	In undifferentiated PC12 cells, wild-type Tat-SOD1 could prevent DNA fragmentation due to superoxide anion attacks generated by 35 mM paraquat, whereas mutant Tat-D101G enhanced cell death.	Superoxides	90-106	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	46-50
15718491-6	2005	In the presence of superoxide scavenger 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPOL), NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor apocynin, or p38 kinase (an upstream activator of NAD(P)H oxidase) inhibitor SB203850, but not xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol or JNK inhibitor SP600125, the detrimental effect of CRP on serotonin-induced dilation was prevented.	Superoxides	19-29	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	136-139
15718491-6	2005	In the presence of superoxide scavenger 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPOL), NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor apocynin, or p38 kinase (an upstream activator of NAD(P)H oxidase) inhibitor SB203850, but not xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol or JNK inhibitor SP600125, the detrimental effect of CRP on serotonin-induced dilation was prevented.	Superoxides	19-29	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	260-263
15718491-6	2005	In the presence of superoxide scavenger 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPOL), NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor apocynin, or p38 kinase (an upstream activator of NAD(P)H oxidase) inhibitor SB203850, but not xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol or JNK inhibitor SP600125, the detrimental effect of CRP on serotonin-induced dilation was prevented.	Superoxides	19-29	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	310-313
15718491-7	2005	Dihydroethidium staining showed that CRP produced SB203850- and TEMPOL-sensitive superoxide production in the arteriolar endothelium.	Superoxides	81-91	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	37-40
15718491-9	2005	CONCLUSIONS: CRP inhibits endothelium-dependent NO-mediated dilation in coronary arterioles by producing superoxide from NAD(P)H oxidase via p38 kinase activation.	Superoxides	105-115	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	13-16
15718491-9	2005	CONCLUSIONS: CRP inhibits endothelium-dependent NO-mediated dilation in coronary arterioles by producing superoxide from NAD(P)H oxidase via p38 kinase activation.	Superoxides	105-115	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	141-144
15746439-5	2005	Consistent with this, basal and thrombin-induced superoxide levels increased in these SMCs.	Superoxides	49-59	coagulation factor II	Mus musculus	32-40
15862706-2	2005	While the superoxide radical and SOD have been implicated in many disease states including inflammatory diseases, diseases of ischemia and reperfusion, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer, as well as more subtle roles in cell signaling and perhaps in immune function, SOD is not yet in widespread usage in human clinical medicine.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	271-274
15862712-5	2005	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is the only extracellular scavenger of the superoxide radical.	Superoxides	87-105	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	0-34
15862712-5	2005	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is the only extracellular scavenger of the superoxide radical.	Superoxides	87-105	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-42
15862712-6	2005	The reactivity of superoxide is promiscuous and it is crucial that EC-SOD is positioned at the site of superoxide production to prevent adventitious reactions.	Superoxides	18-28	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	67-73
15862712-6	2005	The reactivity of superoxide is promiscuous and it is crucial that EC-SOD is positioned at the site of superoxide production to prevent adventitious reactions.	Superoxides	103-113	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	67-73
15888142-8	2005	RESULTS: Dapsone suppressed intra- and extracellular production of O(2) (-) and elastase release triggered by fMLP and C5a, but not by PMA.	Superoxides	67-71	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	110-114
15888142-8	2005	RESULTS: Dapsone suppressed intra- and extracellular production of O(2) (-) and elastase release triggered by fMLP and C5a, but not by PMA.	Superoxides	67-71	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	119-122
15867370-5	2005	In the mitochondria, p53 interacts with the primary antioxidant enzyme, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), consistent with the reduction of its superoxide scavenging activity, and a subsequent decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential.	Superoxides	82-92	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	21-24
15821443-4	2005	In THP-1 and cultured VSMC, O2- caused an increase in NF-kappa B activation (P &lt; 0.05) that was correlated with inhibitory I kappa B-alpha degradation.	Superoxides	28-30	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	3-8
15821443-4	2005	In THP-1 and cultured VSMC, O2- caused an increase in NF-kappa B activation (P &lt; 0.05) that was correlated with inhibitory I kappa B-alpha degradation.	Superoxides	28-30	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	54-64
15821443-4	2005	In THP-1 and cultured VSMC, O2- caused an increase in NF-kappa B activation (P &lt; 0.05) that was correlated with inhibitory I kappa B-alpha degradation.	Superoxides	28-30	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	126-141
15671037-3	2005	We previously showed that RelA-NF-kappaB functioned as a proapoptotic factor by activating the p53-signaling pathway in response to doxycycline-induced superoxide.	Superoxides	152-162	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	31-40
15886672-12	2005	CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to show that ginsenoside Rb1 can effectively block Hcy-induced endothelial dysfunction and superoxide anion production as well as eNOS downregulation in porcine coronary arteries.	Superoxides	128-144	RB transcriptional corepressor 1	Sus scrofa	62-65
15886672-18	2005	Our results showed that ginsenoside Rb1 can effectively block Hcy-induced dysfunction of endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation as well as superoxide anion production and eNOS downregulation.	Superoxides	137-153	RB transcriptional corepressor 1	Sus scrofa	36-39
15817892-7	2005	Angiotensin II infusion, via AT1 receptor, directly increased brain superoxide by 1.8-fold (P&lt;0.05; n=6 to 7 in each group) and impaired blood-brain barrier in salt-loaded SHRSP by 1.7-fold (P&lt;0.05), and this increase in brain superoxide and blood-brain barrier impairment was prevented by tempol as well as candesartan.	Superoxides	68-78	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
15817892-7	2005	Angiotensin II infusion, via AT1 receptor, directly increased brain superoxide by 1.8-fold (P&lt;0.05; n=6 to 7 in each group) and impaired blood-brain barrier in salt-loaded SHRSP by 1.7-fold (P&lt;0.05), and this increase in brain superoxide and blood-brain barrier impairment was prevented by tempol as well as candesartan.	Superoxides	233-243	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
15817892-8	2005	CONCLUSIONS: Excess salt, via oxidative stress, accelerates stroke, and angiotensin II, via AT1 receptor, plays a pivotal role in brain superoxide production of SHRSP by excess salt.	Superoxides	136-146	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	72-86
15671037-3	2005	We previously showed that RelA-NF-kappaB functioned as a proapoptotic factor by activating the p53-signaling pathway in response to doxycycline-induced superoxide.	Superoxides	152-162	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	95-98
15671037-4	2005	In the present study, we demonstrate that the ability of doxycycline/superoxide to induce expression of polo-like kinase 3 (Plk3) depends on NF-kappaB activity.	Superoxides	69-79	polo like kinase 3	Homo sapiens	104-122
15671037-4	2005	In the present study, we demonstrate that the ability of doxycycline/superoxide to induce expression of polo-like kinase 3 (Plk3) depends on NF-kappaB activity.	Superoxides	69-79	polo like kinase 3	Homo sapiens	124-128
15671037-4	2005	In the present study, we demonstrate that the ability of doxycycline/superoxide to induce expression of polo-like kinase 3 (Plk3) depends on NF-kappaB activity.	Superoxides	69-79	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	141-150
15671037-6	2005	Plk3 formed a complex with p53 and was involved in the phosphorylation of p53 on Ser-20 in response to superoxide.	Superoxides	103-113	polo like kinase 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
15671037-6	2005	Plk3 formed a complex with p53 and was involved in the phosphorylation of p53 on Ser-20 in response to superoxide.	Superoxides	103-113	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	27-30
15671037-6	2005	Plk3 formed a complex with p53 and was involved in the phosphorylation of p53 on Ser-20 in response to superoxide.	Superoxides	103-113	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	74-77
15671037-7	2005	Inhibition of Plk3 expression by Plk3 small interfering RNA suppressed the doxycycline/superoxide-mediated apoptosis.	Superoxides	87-97	polo like kinase 3	Homo sapiens	14-18
15671037-7	2005	Inhibition of Plk3 expression by Plk3 small interfering RNA suppressed the doxycycline/superoxide-mediated apoptosis.	Superoxides	87-97	polo like kinase 3	Homo sapiens	33-37
15590897-5	2005	NADPH oxidase, which produces O2-., and Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD), which degrades O2-., thereby contribute to regulation of endothelial cell.NO metabolism.	Superoxides	95-97	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	40-66
15808886-6	2005	We also observed that caffeic acid suppressed the generation of superoxide anion stimulated by ANG II that activates NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	64-80	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	95-101
15814724-10	2005	However, PKC alpha inactivation by transfecting a catalytically inactive PKC alpha mutant attenuated superoxide formation.	Superoxides	101-111	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	9-18
15814724-10	2005	However, PKC alpha inactivation by transfecting a catalytically inactive PKC alpha mutant attenuated superoxide formation.	Superoxides	101-111	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	73-82
15814684-5	2005	In contrast, the N43A mutant, which binds to Por1 (Arfaptin 2), p67phox, and Pak1, is able to rescue superoxide production but not chemotaxis.	Superoxides	101-111	ADP-ribosylation factor interacting protein 2	Mus musculus	45-49
15814684-5	2005	In contrast, the N43A mutant, which binds to Por1 (Arfaptin 2), p67phox, and Pak1, is able to rescue superoxide production but not chemotaxis.	Superoxides	101-111	ADP-ribosylation factor interacting protein 2	Mus musculus	51-61
15795323-3	2005	METHODS AND RESULTS: In cultured mouse neonatal cardiomyocytes, LPS increased NADH oxidase (gp91phox subunit) expression and superoxide generation.	Superoxides	125-135	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	64-67
15590897-0	2005	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ligands regulate endothelial membrane superoxide production.	Superoxides	87-97	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	0-48
15590897-5	2005	NADPH oxidase, which produces O2-., and Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD), which degrades O2-., thereby contribute to regulation of endothelial cell.NO metabolism.	Superoxides	95-97	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	68-77
15590897-6	2005	Therefore, we examined the ability of PPAR-gamma ligands to modulate endothelial O2-.	Superoxides	81-83	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	38-48
15590897-13	2005	These data suggest that in addition to any direct effects on endothelial.NO production, PPAR-gamma ligands enhance endothelial.NO bioavailability, in part by altering endothelial O2-.	Superoxides	179-181	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	88-98
15746442-1	2005	It is well established that the central cardiovascular effects of angiotensin II (Ang II) involve superoxide production.	Superoxides	98-108	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	66-80
15585671-12	2005	The attenuation by tempol of the high salt-induced blood pressure elevation indicates that ANG II-induced production of superoxide anion contributes to the development of salt-sensitive hypertension after transient induction of ANG II-dependent hypertension.	Superoxides	120-136	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	91-97
15746442-1	2005	It is well established that the central cardiovascular effects of angiotensin II (Ang II) involve superoxide production.	Superoxides	98-108	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	82-88
15699459-0	2005	Superoxide mediates angiotensin II-induced influx of extracellular calcium in neural cells.	Superoxides	0-10	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	20-34
15699459-8	2005	These data provide the first evidence that O2*- is involved in the Ang II-stimulated influx of extracellular Ca2+ in neural cells and suggest a potential intracellular signaling mechanism involved in Ang II-mediated oxidant regulation of central neural control of blood pressure.	Superoxides	43-46	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	67-73
15699459-1	2005	We recently demonstrated that superoxide (O2*-) is a key signaling intermediate in central angiotensin II (Ang II)-elicited blood pressure and drinking responses, and that hypertension caused by systemic Ang II infusion involves oxidative stress in cardiovascular nuclei of the brain.	Superoxides	30-40	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	91-105
15699459-1	2005	We recently demonstrated that superoxide (O2*-) is a key signaling intermediate in central angiotensin II (Ang II)-elicited blood pressure and drinking responses, and that hypertension caused by systemic Ang II infusion involves oxidative stress in cardiovascular nuclei of the brain.	Superoxides	30-40	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	107-113
15699459-1	2005	We recently demonstrated that superoxide (O2*-) is a key signaling intermediate in central angiotensin II (Ang II)-elicited blood pressure and drinking responses, and that hypertension caused by systemic Ang II infusion involves oxidative stress in cardiovascular nuclei of the brain.	Superoxides	30-40	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	204-210
15699459-1	2005	We recently demonstrated that superoxide (O2*-) is a key signaling intermediate in central angiotensin II (Ang II)-elicited blood pressure and drinking responses, and that hypertension caused by systemic Ang II infusion involves oxidative stress in cardiovascular nuclei of the brain.	Superoxides	42-46	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	91-105
15699459-1	2005	We recently demonstrated that superoxide (O2*-) is a key signaling intermediate in central angiotensin II (Ang II)-elicited blood pressure and drinking responses, and that hypertension caused by systemic Ang II infusion involves oxidative stress in cardiovascular nuclei of the brain.	Superoxides	42-46	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	107-113
15699459-6	2005	Overexpression of cytoplasm-targeted O2*- dismutase via an adenoviral vector (AdCuZnSOD) efficiently scavenged Ang II-induced increases in intracellular O2*- and markedly attenuated the increase in [Ca2+]i caused by this peptide.	Superoxides	37-39	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	111-117
15817833-7	2005	Furthermore, thyroid hormone pre-incubation enhanced O2- production for n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl- phenylalanine (FMLP) stimulation.	Superoxides	53-55	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	114-118
16138568-3	2005	We exposed VSMCs to Ang II and caffeic acid and found that caffeic acid significantly inhibited intracellular superoxide anion generation (decreased from 127 +/- 6.3% to 100.3 +/- 6.6% of the control cells) and the cell proliferation induced by Ang II.	Superoxides	110-126	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	20-26
16138568-3	2005	We exposed VSMCs to Ang II and caffeic acid and found that caffeic acid significantly inhibited intracellular superoxide anion generation (decreased from 127 +/- 6.3% to 100.3 +/- 6.6% of the control cells) and the cell proliferation induced by Ang II.	Superoxides	110-126	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	245-251
15608082-3	2005	The potent vasoconstrictor endothelin-1 (ET-1) is also elevated in diabetes and following CABG; however, the effect of ET-1 on *O2* generation and/or vascular dysfunction in bypass conduits remain unknown.	Superoxides	128-130	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	119-123
15775784-6	2005	RESULTS: Ang II (1 micromol/l) induced a larger p47phox subunit translocation and increased intracellular O2 production to a larger extent in HT in comparison to NT and this effect was blocked by apocynin, an inhibitor of the NAD(P)H oxidase.	Superoxides	106-108	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	9-15
15608082-4	2005	Accordingly, this study investigated basal and ET-1-stimulated *O2* production in bypass conduits and determined the effect of *O2* on conduit reactivity.	Superoxides	64-66	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	47-51
15608082-7	2005	Plasma ET-1 levels were associated with elevated basal *O2* levels, and treatment of conduits with exogenous ET-1 further increased *O2* production and augmented vasoconstriction.	Superoxides	56-58	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	7-11
15608082-7	2005	Plasma ET-1 levels were associated with elevated basal *O2* levels, and treatment of conduits with exogenous ET-1 further increased *O2* production and augmented vasoconstriction.	Superoxides	56-58	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	109-113
15608082-7	2005	Plasma ET-1 levels were associated with elevated basal *O2* levels, and treatment of conduits with exogenous ET-1 further increased *O2* production and augmented vasoconstriction.	Superoxides	133-135	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	109-113
15608082-9	2005	These findings suggest that ET-1 causes bypass conduits dysfunction via stimulation of *O2* production in diabetes.	Superoxides	88-90	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
15702642-2	2005	Among them, 1 and 2 showed significant inhibitory effects on superoxide anion generation by human neutrophils in response to fMLP/CB.	Superoxides	61-77	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	125-129
15781740-12	2005	CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that exercise capacity is reduced in conditions in which superoxide anion is increased, and this is associated with a greater increase in whole-body oxygen consumption in SOD2+/- compared with SOD2+/+.	Superoxides	92-108	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	206-210
15828232-5	2005	In addition, the phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-stimulated 22 kDa-subunit (p22phox) protein levels and 47 kDa-subunit (p47phox) protein levels in NADPH (superoxide generating enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (reduced form)) oxidase were decreased by treatment with PPARalpha and PPARgamma ligands/activators.	Superoxides	154-164	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	298-307
15721216-6	2005	This demonstrates that the ERK1/2 signaling pathways play an important role in glucose deprivation-induced death in immunostimulated astroglia by regulating the generation of NO, superoxide and their reaction product, peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	179-189	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	27-33
15749189-5	2005	Superoxide anion production by activated neutrophils was determined by a spectrophotometric method involving the measurement of cytochrome C reduction.	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	128-140
15721992-1	2005	To understand the role of oxidative stress and mitochondrial defects in the development of neurodegeneration, we examined the age-related pathological changes and corresponding gene expression profiles in homozygous mutant mice deficient in the mitochondrial form of superoxide dismutase (MnSOD, SOD2).	Superoxides	267-277	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	289-294
15721992-1	2005	To understand the role of oxidative stress and mitochondrial defects in the development of neurodegeneration, we examined the age-related pathological changes and corresponding gene expression profiles in homozygous mutant mice deficient in the mitochondrial form of superoxide dismutase (MnSOD, SOD2).	Superoxides	267-277	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	296-300
15819251-12	2005	The selective use of hydroxyl radical quenchers and superoxide dismutase demonstrated that superoxide, O2-, plays a major role in the oxidation of As(III) to As(V).	Superoxides	52-62	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	158-163
15819251-12	2005	The selective use of hydroxyl radical quenchers and superoxide dismutase demonstrated that superoxide, O2-, plays a major role in the oxidation of As(III) to As(V).	Superoxides	103-105	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	158-163
15865106-3	2005	Polymorphic variations in NAD(P)H oxidase p22phox and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) enzyme activities may alter superoxide production or the rate of chemical metabolism, respectively, and this may influence the risk for CRC.	Superoxides	103-113	paraoxonase 1	Homo sapiens	54-67
15729131-2	2005	Angiotensin II type 1 receptor activation results in production of superoxide, but whether angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockade prevents production of superoxide and subsequent neuronal injury after ischemia remains unclear.	Superoxides	67-77	angiotensin II receptor, type 1b	Rattus norvegicus	0-30
15729131-6	2005	Angiotensin II type 1 receptor may have an essential role in superoxide production and subsequent injury in vulnerable neurons after global cerebral ischemia.	Superoxides	61-71	angiotensin II receptor, type 1b	Rattus norvegicus	0-30
29699208-5	2005	Antioxidant enzymes include: superoxide dismutase (SOD), which is a specific enzyme to scavenge superoxide radicals; copper-zinc SOD, located in the cytosol; and manganese SOD, located in the mitochondria.	Superoxides	29-39	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	51-54
29699208-6	2005	Both types of SOD belong to the first enzymatic step to scavenge superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	65-75	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	14-17
15536166-9	2005	Heightened generation of superoxide anion in aortic rings in ANG II-infused rats and by vascular smooth muscle cells exposed to ANG II was normalized by bilirubin in vitro.	Superoxides	25-41	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	61-67
15536166-9	2005	Heightened generation of superoxide anion in aortic rings in ANG II-infused rats and by vascular smooth muscle cells exposed to ANG II was normalized by bilirubin in vitro.	Superoxides	25-41	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	128-134
15536166-10	2005	We conclude that the pressor and prooxidant effects of ANG II are attenuated in the hyperbilirubinemic Gunn rat, an effect which, we speculate, may reflect, at least in part, the scavenging of superoxide anion by bilirubin.	Superoxides	193-209	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	55-61
15706098-4	2005	Bcl-2 expression increases cell resistance to oxidants, augments the expression of intracellular defenses against reactive oxygen species, and may affect mitochondrial generation of superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	182-192	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	0-5
15865106-3	2005	Polymorphic variations in NAD(P)H oxidase p22phox and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) enzyme activities may alter superoxide production or the rate of chemical metabolism, respectively, and this may influence the risk for CRC.	Superoxides	103-113	paraoxonase 1	Homo sapiens	69-73
15721870-0	2005	Oxidized low-density lipoprotein increases superoxide production by endothelial nitric oxide synthase by inhibiting PKCalpha.	Superoxides	43-53	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	116-124
15721870-1	2005	OBJECTIVE: Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) increases superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) production by the endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS).	Superoxides	63-79	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	148-152
15721870-1	2005	OBJECTIVE: Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) increases superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) production by the endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS).	Superoxides	81-84	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	148-152
15721870-9	2005	In COS-7 cells, a T495A eNOS mutant generated significantly more O(2)(-) than a T495D mutant did, indicating that the dephosphorylation of Thr(495) alone can increase O(2)(-) production by eNOS.	Superoxides	65-69	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	24-28
15698597-15	2005	CONCLUSION: D,L-homocysteine and D,L-homocysteine-thiolactone enhanced fMLP-induced superoxide generation by the increment of translocation to membrane of p47(phox) and p67(phox).	Superoxides	84-94	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	169-172
15698597-16	2005	L-cystathionine and N-acetyl-L-cysteine suppressed fMLP- and PMA-induced superoxide generation by the inhibition of translocation to membrane of p47(phox) and p67(phox).	Superoxides	73-83	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	159-162
15753257-6	2005	This suggests that fMLP receptor endocytosis could account, at least in part, for the priming of O2 degrees- production.	Superoxides	97-99	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	19-32
15763397-2	2005	Moreover, we have proven that MPO inhibits production of atherogenic free radical superoxide anion and MPO-inhibitors increase superoxide release.	Superoxides	82-92	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	30-33
15683711-7	2005	The reactions with cytochrome c and NBT were mediated by superoxide anions since they were inhibited by superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	57-74	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	19-31
15683715-0	2005	Endothelin mediates superoxide production in angiotensin II-induced hypertension in rats.	Superoxides	20-30	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	45-59
15683715-3	2005	Our objective was to determine whether the ET-1 synthesis in VSMC is involved in angiotensin II-induced superoxide anion production in rats.	Superoxides	104-120	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	81-95
15683715-4	2005	Our results show that treatments of isolated VSMC with angiotensin II and ET increased superoxide.	Superoxides	87-97	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	55-69
15683715-7	2005	In vivo, LU302872 reduced the aortic superoxide production induced by angiotensin II administered for 12 days.	Superoxides	37-47	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	70-84
15683715-8	2005	In conclusion, our results suggest that the superoxide generation induced by chronic angiotensin II infusion may be mediated by ET-1 acting on ETA receptors in VSMC in vitro.	Superoxides	44-54	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	85-99
15699441-5	2005	Stimulation of RVSMCs by Ang II or diazoxide increased phosphorylated MAP kinases (ERK1/2, p38, and JNK), as well as superoxide production, which were then suppressed by 5-HD pretreatment in a dose-dependent manner, except for ERK1/2 activation by Ang II.	Superoxides	117-127	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	25-31
15503194-12	2005	Excessive production of TNF(alpha) and free radicals such as NO and superoxide by LPS stimulation were also attenuated by baicalein at a concentration-dependent pattern.	Superoxides	68-78	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	24-34
15788155-3	2005	Murine IFN-gamma-activated peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) produced nitric oxide (NO), measured as nitrite plus nitrate, and superoxide.	Superoxides	124-134	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	7-16
15962096-1	2005	Recent work has demonstrated that hyperglycemia-induced overproduction of superoxide by the mitochondrial electron-transport chain triggers several pathways of injury [(protein kinase C (PKC), hexosamine and polyol pathway fluxes, advanced glycation end product formation (AGE)] involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications by inhibiting glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) activity.	Superoxides	74-84	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	348-388
15962096-1	2005	Recent work has demonstrated that hyperglycemia-induced overproduction of superoxide by the mitochondrial electron-transport chain triggers several pathways of injury [(protein kinase C (PKC), hexosamine and polyol pathway fluxes, advanced glycation end product formation (AGE)] involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications by inhibiting glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) activity.	Superoxides	74-84	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	390-395
15752200-5	2005	The sod2 mutant accumulated significantly more reactive oxygen species (ROS) at 37 degrees C as well at 30 degrees C in the presence of antimycin A, suggesting that SOD2p is the primary defence of Cn against the superoxide anion (O(2) (.-)) in the mitochondria.	Superoxides	212-228	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	4-8
15652491-4	2005	Extracellular O(2)(-) was detected using an amperometric sensor constructed by immobilisation of cytochrome c using a binder, 3,3"-dithiobis(sulphosuccinimidylpropionate), to attach the redox protein onto the surface of electrodeposited Au electrodes incorporated into the optically transparent cell chip.	Superoxides	14-21	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	97-109
15652491-5	2005	The simultaneous intra- and extracellular production of O(2)(-) was successfully observed from PMA-stimulated A172 cells and inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	56-60	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	138-158
15652491-5	2005	The simultaneous intra- and extracellular production of O(2)(-) was successfully observed from PMA-stimulated A172 cells and inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	56-60	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	160-163
15652491-8	2005	Feasibility of the integration of the two methods, optical and electrochemical, and the neutralisation of the intra- and extracellular O(2)(-) levels by SOD have been demonstrated.	Superoxides	135-139	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	153-156
15576639-7	2005	CONCLUSIONS: These results provide evidence that SOD expression in endothelial cells attenuates TNF-alpha-induced superoxide anion production and adhesion molecule expression, and that this protective effect is mediated by decreased JNK and p38 phosphorylation and activator protein-1 and nuclear factor kappaB inactivation.	Superoxides	114-130	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	49-52
15721870-9	2005	In COS-7 cells, a T495A eNOS mutant generated significantly more O(2)(-) than a T495D mutant did, indicating that the dephosphorylation of Thr(495) alone can increase O(2)(-) production by eNOS.	Superoxides	167-171	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	24-28
15721870-11	2005	CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that a decrease in the activity of PKCalpha in ox-LDL-treated endothelial cells is associated with the dephosphorylation of eNOS, dissociation of the eNOS signaling complex, and the enhanced production of eNOS-derived O(2)(-).	Superoxides	254-258	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	71-79
15471976-3	2005	Aortas of Tg(p22smc) mice had increased p22(phox) and Nox1 protein levels and produced more superoxide and H(2)O(2).	Superoxides	92-102	dynein cytoplasmic 1 heavy chain 1	Mus musculus	13-16
15528474-2	2005	The goal of this study was to determine whether overexpression of CuZn superoxide dismutase (SOD) protects against ceramide-induced increases in vascular superoxide and endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	71-81	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	93-96
15528474-10	2005	CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that ceramide-induced increases in superoxide impair endothelium-dependent relaxation, and that select overexpression of the CuZn isoform of SOD prevents ceramide-induced oxidative stress in vessels.	Superoxides	70-80	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	176-179
15642147-4	2005	O2*- production by monocytes stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) was quantified by the cytochrome c reduction method.	Superoxides	0-3	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	99-111
16403692-9	2005	Aortic superoxide production and the extent of atherosclerotic lesions were greater in ApoE(-)/(-) mice on a normal-salt diet compared with C57Bl/6.	Superoxides	7-17	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	87-91
15665296-3	2005	The SDHC E69 cells overproduced superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) from mitochondria, had elevated cytoplasmic carbonyl proteins and 8-OH-deoxyguanine in their DNA as well as significantly higher mutation frequencies than wild type.	Superoxides	32-48	succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit C, integral membrane protein	Mus musculus	4-8
15665296-3	2005	The SDHC E69 cells overproduced superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) from mitochondria, had elevated cytoplasmic carbonyl proteins and 8-OH-deoxyguanine in their DNA as well as significantly higher mutation frequencies than wild type.	Superoxides	50-55	succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit C, integral membrane protein	Mus musculus	4-8
15586010-8	2005	This hypothesis is supported by recent data showing that sodium retention and hypertension can develop when the balance of production of these free radicals is tipped towards O2*-, such as in diabetes, atherosclerosis and renin-angiotensin-system activation.	Superoxides	175-177	renin	Homo sapiens	222-227
15375030-6	2005	When EC-SOD was overexpressed in Hep3B cells, we found a significant reduction in Epo gene induction by both CoCl2 (50 microM) and hypoxia (1% O2).	Superoxides	143-145	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	5-11
15375030-6	2005	When EC-SOD was overexpressed in Hep3B cells, we found a significant reduction in Epo gene induction by both CoCl2 (50 microM) and hypoxia (1% O2).	Superoxides	143-145	erythropoietin	Homo sapiens	82-85
15670578-1	2005	Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) production of nitric oxide (NO) has been mostly associated with so-called nitrosative stress or interaction with superoxide anion.	Superoxides	152-168	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	0-31
15670578-1	2005	Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) production of nitric oxide (NO) has been mostly associated with so-called nitrosative stress or interaction with superoxide anion.	Superoxides	152-168	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	33-37
15649651-2	2005	Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) generally will protect against superoxide-mediated tissue injury but protection by this enzyme against noise trauma is controversial.	Superoxides	6-16	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	28-32
15713431-6	2005	These results suggest that FR260330 might be a useful therapeutical approach to various inflammatory diseases, in which superoxide or peroxynitrite formed from iNOS-derived NO are involved.	Superoxides	120-130	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	160-164
15471981-3	2005	If so, then is the mechanism because of intracellular depletion of tetrahydrobiopterin [BH4; a cofactor of NO synthase (NOS)], which results in superoxide production by uncoupled NOS?	Superoxides	144-154	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	107-118
15576639-6	2005	It also attenuated intracellular superoxide anion production and NADPH oxidase activity in TNF-alpha-treated HAECs.	Superoxides	33-49	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	91-100
15670740-0	2005	Antioxidant effect of bovine serum albumin on membrane lipid peroxidation induced by iron chelate and superoxide.	Superoxides	102-112	albumin	Homo sapiens	29-42
15513930-17	2005	These studies suggest two conclusions: (i) superoxide generation by phagocytes during liver damage and inflammation aggravates genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in hepatocytes and may thus contribute to tumor initiation and promotion; (ii) DEN has a direct stimulatory effect on KC to release superoxide and TNFalpha.	Superoxides	43-53	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	306-314
15653108-4	2005	RESULTS: When the cells were preincubated with phenolic acids and their derivatives, the superoxide generation induced by fMLP (1.0 micromol/l) and PMA (0.16 micromol/l) was inhibited to various degrees with compounds 1, 2 and 4 significantly suppressing such generation in a concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	89-99	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	122-126
15546960-6	2005	LPS also increased NADH oxidase (gp91(phox) and p47(phox) subunits) expression and superoxide generation.	Superoxides	83-93	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	0-3
15623539-1	2005	Experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that hypertension produced by chronic ET-1 infusion is mediated by NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production.	Superoxides	141-151	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	88-92
15623539-10	2005	Similarly, ET-1 infusion also significantly increased aortic superoxide production (chemiluminescence and dihydroethidium staining techniques), which was prevented by both tempol and apocynin.	Superoxides	61-71	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	11-15
15623539-11	2005	These data provide evidence that chronic ET-1 infusion increases vascular NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production but does not account for chronic ET-1-induced hypertension.	Superoxides	98-108	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	41-45
16502343-9	2005	Superoxide anion (O(2) (*-)) release from leukocytes upon stimulation with N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP) and total blood glutathione were also higher in patients as compared to HNC.	Superoxides	0-16	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	122-126
16502343-9	2005	Superoxide anion (O(2) (*-)) release from leukocytes upon stimulation with N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP) and total blood glutathione were also higher in patients as compared to HNC.	Superoxides	18-22	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	122-126
15839099-4	2005	Cell responses against both superoxide and peroxide stresses include enhanced expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase, however, the extent was different: treatment with PQ increased mainly SOD, whereas exogenous H2O2 led to enhanced catalase.	Superoxides	28-38	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	114-117
15670639-7	2005	Since the inhibition of the EAAT2 transporter subtype had no effect on glutamate re-uptake in this model, our study suggests an impaired function of the EAAT1/3 transporter subtypes, possibly due to oxidative inactivation, in the presence of mutant copper/zinc superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	261-271	solute carrier family 1 member 3	Homo sapiens	153-160
15504745-7	2005	In rac2(-/-) neutrophils isolated from mice transplanted with Rac-transduced bone marrow cells, superoxide production and chemotaxis were fully reconstituted by expression of exogenous Rac2, but not Rac1.	Superoxides	96-106	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	62-65
15504745-9	2005	Thus, the composition of the polybasic domain is sufficient for determining Rac isoform specificity in the production of superoxide and chemotaxis in murine neutrophils in vivo.	Superoxides	121-131	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	76-79
15625114-9	2005	MPO also augmented PMN-dependent superoxide (O(2)(*-)) production, which was prevented by anti-CD11b antibodies, but not MPO inhibitors.	Superoxides	33-43	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	0-3
15625114-9	2005	MPO also augmented PMN-dependent superoxide (O(2)(*-)) production, which was prevented by anti-CD11b antibodies, but not MPO inhibitors.	Superoxides	45-53	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	0-3
15569826-9	2005	Transfection of a dominant-negative (RacN17) and constitutively active Rac1 mutant (RacV12) indicated that ANP-induced superoxide generation and MKP-1 expression are mediated via Rac1 activation.	Superoxides	119-129	natriuretic peptide A	Homo sapiens	107-110
15569826-10	2005	ANP-evoked production of superoxide was found to activate c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK).	Superoxides	25-35	natriuretic peptide A	Homo sapiens	0-3
15569826-10	2005	ANP-evoked production of superoxide was found to activate c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK).	Superoxides	25-35	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	58-81
15569826-10	2005	ANP-evoked production of superoxide was found to activate c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK).	Superoxides	25-35	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	83-86
15634780-4	2005	Overexpression of UCP2 decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which was measured using dihydroethidium because it is specifically oxidized to fluorescent ethidium by the superoxide anion, whereas mice lacking UCP2 exhibited increased ROS relative to wild-type controls.	Superoxides	183-199	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	18-22
15576639-7	2005	CONCLUSIONS: These results provide evidence that SOD expression in endothelial cells attenuates TNF-alpha-induced superoxide anion production and adhesion molecule expression, and that this protective effect is mediated by decreased JNK and p38 phosphorylation and activator protein-1 and nuclear factor kappaB inactivation.	Superoxides	114-130	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	96-105
15576639-9	2005	Superoxide dismutase overexpression in endothelial cells attenuates tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced superoxide anion production and adhesion molecule expression, and this effect is mediated by decreased JNK and p38 phosphorylation and AP-1 and nuclear factor B inactivation.	Superoxides	104-120	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
15576639-9	2005	Superoxide dismutase overexpression in endothelial cells attenuates tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced superoxide anion production and adhesion molecule expression, and this effect is mediated by decreased JNK and p38 phosphorylation and AP-1 and nuclear factor B inactivation.	Superoxides	104-120	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	68-95
15513946-3	2005	This study also shows that TALK-1 and TALK-2 channels, expressed in Xenopus oocytes, are strongly and specifically activated by nitric oxide (obtained with a mixture of sodium nitroprussate (SNP) and dithiothreitol (DTT)), superoxide anion (obtained with xanthine and xanthine oxidase) and singlet oxygen (obtained upon photoactivation of rose bengal, and with chloramine T).	Superoxides	223-239	potassium two pore domain channel subfamily K member 17	Homo sapiens	38-44
15947481-0	2005	The synthetic chemoattractant peptide WKYMVm induces superoxide production by human eosinophils via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-mediated activation of ERK1/2.	Superoxides	53-63	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	153-159
15947481-6	2005	In addition, pretreatment with the ERK1/2 kinase inhibitor PD98059 resulted in marked inhibition of superoxide production induced by WKYMVm.	Superoxides	100-110	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	35-41
15947481-10	2005	CONCLUSION: These results suggest that WKYMVm stimulates human eosinophils to induce superoxide production via a PI3-kinase-mediated ERK1/2 pathway.	Superoxides	85-95	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	133-139
15947482-6	2005	RESULTS: The PKC zeta inhibitor significantly blocked FMLP- or PMA-induced O(2)(-) generation by eosinophils.	Superoxides	75-79	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	54-58
15678111-6	2005	Transgenic rats had a mild increase in ATF-4 and CHOP and minimal neuronal degeneration, indicating that superoxide was involved in ER stress-induced cell death.	Superoxides	105-115	activating transcription factor 4	Rattus norvegicus	39-44
15678111-8	2005	When superoxide was visualized with ethidium, signals for ATF-4 and superoxide overlapped in the same cells.	Superoxides	5-15	activating transcription factor 4	Rattus norvegicus	58-63
15721393-1	2005	It has long been suggested that superoxide dismutase (SOD) be used for antioxidant therapy on the basis of its ability to catalyze the dismutation of superoxide radicals involved in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis.	Superoxides	150-169	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	32-52
15997672-1	2005	It has been suggested that superoxide dismutase (SOD) plays an important role in endothelial dysfunction in essential hypertension (EH), by competing with nitric oxide for superoxide, thus influencing nitric oxide bioavailability.	Superoxides	27-37	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	49-52
15997672-8	2005	Lowering of SOD activity in patients with different stages of EH leads to inefficient detoxification of superoxide in EH.	Superoxides	104-114	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	12-15
15721393-1	2005	It has long been suggested that superoxide dismutase (SOD) be used for antioxidant therapy on the basis of its ability to catalyze the dismutation of superoxide radicals involved in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis.	Superoxides	150-169	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	54-57
16284952-8	2005	Reduced I/R injury by using selective inhibition of iNOS perhaps works by limiting cytotoxic ONOO(-) generation, a reaction product of nitric oxide (NO) and super-oxide anion (O(2) (-)).	Superoxides	157-174	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	52-56
15804172-1	2005	The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether the local prevention of luminal superoxide-mediated biological damage in the rat jejunal mucosa could be achieved by liposomal superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the SOD mimic tempamine (TMN).	Superoxides	92-102	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	209-212
15804172-1	2005	The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether the local prevention of luminal superoxide-mediated biological damage in the rat jejunal mucosa could be achieved by liposomal superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the SOD mimic tempamine (TMN).	Superoxides	92-102	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	222-225
15761243-9	2005	Exogenous Ang II increased net O2* accumulation by 2.7-fold (p &lt; 0.01), which was normalized by losartan and irbesartan.	Superoxides	31-33	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	10-16
15456782-1	2004	Plant mitochondrial uncoupling protein (UCP) is activated by superoxide suggesting that it may function to minimize mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation.	Superoxides	61-71	Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1-like	Solanum tuberosum	40-43
15761243-10	2005	DPI and apocynin blocked the HG and Ang II-induced increases in O2* (p &lt; 0.01).	Superoxides	64-66	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	36-42
15761243-12	2005	CONCLUSION: High glucose increases O2* accumulation in HMC primarily by increasing its production via the Ang II-NADH/NADPH oxidase system.	Superoxides	35-37	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	106-112
16209336-5	2005	Angiotensin II induces superoxide and superoxide-derived hydrogen peroxide production, which may stimulate many proatherosclerotic processes, including increased expression of adhesion molecules, chemoattractants and activation of transcription factor NF-kappaB.	Superoxides	23-33	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
16209336-5	2005	Angiotensin II induces superoxide and superoxide-derived hydrogen peroxide production, which may stimulate many proatherosclerotic processes, including increased expression of adhesion molecules, chemoattractants and activation of transcription factor NF-kappaB.	Superoxides	23-33	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	252-261
16209336-5	2005	Angiotensin II induces superoxide and superoxide-derived hydrogen peroxide production, which may stimulate many proatherosclerotic processes, including increased expression of adhesion molecules, chemoattractants and activation of transcription factor NF-kappaB.	Superoxides	38-48	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
16209336-5	2005	Angiotensin II induces superoxide and superoxide-derived hydrogen peroxide production, which may stimulate many proatherosclerotic processes, including increased expression of adhesion molecules, chemoattractants and activation of transcription factor NF-kappaB.	Superoxides	38-48	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	252-261
15589971-10	2005	Thus, it appeared that inhibition of SOD might be the major cause for the production of cellular superoxide with concomitant decrease of H(2)O(2) in DPD-treated cells.	Superoxides	97-107	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	37-40
15456782-8	2004	Under such conditions, an increase in UCP protein content resulted in a modest but significant decrease in the rate of superoxide production.	Superoxides	119-129	Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1-like	Solanum tuberosum	38-41
15522206-4	2004	In normal mice exposed to a subacute (3 weeks) ethanol intoxication, a significant increase in the number of apoptotic hepatocytes was observed in concomitance with the up-regulation of the mitochondrial superoxide scavenger MnSOD, a reliable indicator of oxidative stress.	Superoxides	204-214	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	225-230
15452132-9	2004	Consistently, superoxide radicals generated by hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase also induced the activation of N-SMase, but not A-SMase, through a catalase-sensitive pathway.	Superoxides	14-24	sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1	Homo sapiens	129-136
15284074-5	2004	Brain superoxide levels tended to be higher in ANG II-treated rats compared with rats treated with Tempol and ANG II.	Superoxides	6-16	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	47-53
15659779-7	2004	In this study, we demonstrate that a mixture of glycerol and cyanide reduced cytochrome c and nitroblue tetrazolium, both of which are superoxide anion indicators.	Superoxides	135-151	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	77-89
15646653-4	2004	Superoxide release and adherence induced by GM-CSF or TNF were inhibited by PI3K inhibitors.	Superoxides	0-10	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	54-57
15613778-9	2004	However, in eNOS-transgenic mice (eNOS-Tg) crossbred with apolipoprotein E-deficient mice (apoE-KO/eNOS-Tg), we found the accelerated lesion formation in association with increased superoxide production from vessels compared with apoE-KO mice.	Superoxides	181-191	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	91-95
15622376-10	2004	CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that oxLDL inhibits endothelial cell migration through a superoxide-dependent mechanism and that reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) oxidase is the cellular source of the superoxide.	Superoxides	221-231	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	137-190
15380626-6	2004	The hyperglycemia-induced post-transcriptional upregulation of MnSOD and CuZnSOD levels suggest a response to increased superoxide production which, in the presence of increased nitric oxide production, may play a major role in the increased risk of damage following hyperglycemic stroke.	Superoxides	120-130	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	73-80
15277329-6	2004	Concomitantly, aortic release of superoxide radicals was increased 2-fold in ApoE-/- mice compared with wild-type animals, whereas aortic superoxide production was normalized in ApoE-/--AT1-/- mice (L-012 chemiluminescence).	Superoxides	33-43	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	77-81
15277329-6	2004	Concomitantly, aortic release of superoxide radicals was increased 2-fold in ApoE-/- mice compared with wild-type animals, whereas aortic superoxide production was normalized in ApoE-/--AT1-/- mice (L-012 chemiluminescence).	Superoxides	138-148	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	178-182
15249506-6	2004	In 2 male patients with inherited gp91phox deficiency, collagen-, thrombin-, and arachidonic acid-stimulated platelets showed an almost complete absence of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) and CD40L expression.	Superoxides	156-172	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	66-74
15326186-6	2004	NOX3-dependent superoxide production required a stimulus in the absence of subunits and upon co-expression with phagocyte NADPH oxidase subunits p47(phox) and p67(phox), but it was stimulus-independent upon co-expression with colon NADPH oxidase subunits NOX organizer 1 and NOX activator 1.	Superoxides	15-25	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	159-162
15326186-6	2004	NOX3-dependent superoxide production required a stimulus in the absence of subunits and upon co-expression with phagocyte NADPH oxidase subunits p47(phox) and p67(phox), but it was stimulus-independent upon co-expression with colon NADPH oxidase subunits NOX organizer 1 and NOX activator 1.	Superoxides	15-25	NADPH oxidase activator 1	Homo sapiens	275-290
15320813-2	2004	Hyperglycemia directly promotes an endothelial dysfunction inducing process of overproduction of superoxide and consequently peroxynitrite that damages DNA and activates the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase.	Superoxides	97-107	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	189-216
15490108-0	2004	Hyperglycaemia-induced superoxide production decreases eNOS expression via AP-1 activation in aortic endothelial cells.	Superoxides	23-33	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	55-59
15490108-0	2004	Hyperglycaemia-induced superoxide production decreases eNOS expression via AP-1 activation in aortic endothelial cells.	Superoxides	23-33	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	75-79
15271858-2	2004	In this study, we tested the hypothesis that a Rac1-dependent NADPH oxidase is a key source of O(2)(*-) in Ang II-sensitive neurons and is involved in these central Ang II-dependent effects.	Superoxides	95-99	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	107-113
15271858-2	2004	In this study, we tested the hypothesis that a Rac1-dependent NADPH oxidase is a key source of O(2)(*-) in Ang II-sensitive neurons and is involved in these central Ang II-dependent effects.	Superoxides	95-99	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	165-171
15271858-4	2004	Ang II induced a time-dependent increase in Rac1 activation and O(2)(*-) production in Neuro-2A cells, and this was abolished by pretreatment with AdN17Rac1 or the NADPH oxidase inhibitors apocynin or diphenylene iodonium.	Superoxides	64-68	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	0-6
15271858-10	2004	These results, for the first time, identify a Rac1-dependent NADPH oxidase as the source of central Ang II-induced O(2)(*-) production, and implicate this oxidase in cardiovascular diseases associated with dysregulation of brain Ang II signaling, including hypertension.	Superoxides	115-123	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	100-106
15317674-6	2004	The Cu/ZnSOD and extracellular SOD inhibitor diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) paradoxically enhanced contraction to 5-HT and superoxide more in aortas of WT mice than in MnSOD(+/-) mice.	Superoxides	121-131	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	9-12
15289284-14	2004	GEA 3162 and SIN-1 oxidised the O(2)(-)- and ONOO(-)-sensitive dye, dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR 123; 1 microm), suggesting that ONOO(-) released from these compounds is responsible for oxidation of DHR 123.	Superoxides	32-39	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	13-18
15302679-6	2004	Superoxide dismutase (150 U ml(-1)) plus catalase (1200 U ml(-1)), used to remove superoxide and hence prevent peroxynitrite formation, prevented the inhibitory effect of SIN-1 (which generates superoxide) but not of MAHMA/NO or FK409.	Superoxides	82-92	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	171-176
15302679-6	2004	Superoxide dismutase (150 U ml(-1)) plus catalase (1200 U ml(-1)), used to remove superoxide and hence prevent peroxynitrite formation, prevented the inhibitory effect of SIN-1 (which generates superoxide) but not of MAHMA/NO or FK409.	Superoxides	194-204	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	171-176
15131591-2	2004	In cells possessing wild-type p53, TNF-alpha stimulated ceramide formation via the activation of both neutral and acid sphingomyelinases (SMases), accompanied by superoxide anion (O2-*) production, and induced mitochondrial depolarization and cytochrome c release, whereas p53-deficient cells were partially resistant to TNF-alpha and lacked O2-* generation and neutral SMase activation.	Superoxides	162-178	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	35-44
15131591-2	2004	In cells possessing wild-type p53, TNF-alpha stimulated ceramide formation via the activation of both neutral and acid sphingomyelinases (SMases), accompanied by superoxide anion (O2-*) production, and induced mitochondrial depolarization and cytochrome c release, whereas p53-deficient cells were partially resistant to TNF-alpha and lacked O2-* generation and neutral SMase activation.	Superoxides	180-182	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	35-44
15131591-3	2004	Restoration of functional p53 sensitized glioma cells expressing mutant p53 to TNF-alpha by accumulation of O2-*.	Superoxides	108-110	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	26-29
15131591-3	2004	Restoration of functional p53 sensitized glioma cells expressing mutant p53 to TNF-alpha by accumulation of O2-*.	Superoxides	108-110	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	72-75
15131591-3	2004	Restoration of functional p53 sensitized glioma cells expressing mutant p53 to TNF-alpha by accumulation of O2-*.	Superoxides	108-110	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	79-88
15331536-3	2004	Only mitochondrial overexpression of catalase provided protection against menadione toxicity, a chemical agent that preferentially generates superoxide radicals intramitochondrially.	Superoxides	141-151	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	37-45
15331549-6	2004	As compared with nondiabetic specimens, diabetic specimens showed higher levels of both iNOS mRNA and protein levels (P &lt; 0.001) associated with the highest tissue levels of nitrotyrosine and O(2)(-) (P &lt; 0.001).	Superoxides	195-199	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	88-92
15288122-1	2004	Mutations of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), a metalloenzyme catalyzing the conversion of superoxide anion to hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), are linked to motor neuron degeneration.	Superoxides	95-111	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	43-47
15750262-5	2004	Treatment with genistein also remarkably reduced the Ang II-induced superoxide by the reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium, inhibited nitrotyrosine formation, and attenuated endothelin-1 production by ELISA via the stimulation of Ang II.	Superoxides	68-78	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	53-59
15240745-6	2004	The generation of superoxide by both uPA-/- and uPAR-/- neutrophils was about half of that seen in WT neutrophils.	Superoxides	18-28	plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor	Mus musculus	48-52
15381825-0	2004	Endothelial protection from reperfusion injury by ischemic preconditioning and diazoxide involves a SOD-like anti-O2- mechanism.	Superoxides	114-116	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Cavia porcellus	100-103
15381825-8	2004	IPC, diazoxide, and SOD (150 IU/ml) attenuated O2- outflow, increased *OH outflow and protected endothelium.	Superoxides	47-49	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Cavia porcellus	20-23
15490413-3	2004	We recently have shown that oxidative stress in CRF animals is associated with and, in part, owing to up-regulation of superoxide-producing enzyme, nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAD(P)H) oxidase, and down-regulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	119-129	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	234-254
15490413-3	2004	We recently have shown that oxidative stress in CRF animals is associated with and, in part, owing to up-regulation of superoxide-producing enzyme, nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAD(P)H) oxidase, and down-regulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	119-129	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	256-259
15326075-5	2004	LPS, TNF-alpha, and IL-1alpha all stimulated the formation of O2*- and expression of gp91(phox) in both PAVSMCs and PAECs, an effect inhibited by NADPH oxidase inhibitors, diphenyleneiodonium, and apocynin.	Superoxides	62-64	interleukin 1 alpha	Sus scrofa	20-29
15326075-6	2004	SIN-1, NCX 4016, and NCX 4050 but not ASA alone inhibited the formation of O2*- and expression of gp91(phox).	Superoxides	75-78	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
15307774-0	2004	A superoxide sensor based on a multilayer cytochrome c electrode.	Superoxides	2-12	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	42-54
15307774-1	2004	A novel multilayer cytochrome c electrode for the quantification of superoxide radical concentrations is introduced.	Superoxides	68-86	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	19-31
15317858-4	2004	PC12 pheochromocytoma cells expressing active Akt1 exhibit lower ROS levels in response to hydrogen peroxide, as determined with the superoxide-sensitive probe hydroethidine.	Superoxides	133-143	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	46-50
15264228-8	2004	Notably, cytotoxicity by M239V-PS2 could be inhibited by the combination of two clinically usable inhibitors of superoxide-generating enzymes, apocynin and oxypurinol.	Superoxides	112-122	presenilin 2	Homo sapiens	31-34
15181005-1	2004	gp91(phox) (Nox2), the catalytic subunit of the superoxide-generating respiratory burst oxidase, is regulated by subunits p47(phox) and p67(phox).	Superoxides	48-58	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	136-139
15242550-0	2004	Superoxide-related signaling cascade mediates nuclear factor-kappaB activation in acute inflammation.	Superoxides	0-10	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	46-67
15242550-2	2004	In this study, we used a selective nonpeptidyl superoxide dismutase mimetic, M40403, to investigate the role of superoxide anion in NF-kappaB activation during acute inflammation in mice.	Superoxides	112-128	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	132-141
15460450-5	2004	SOD removes superoxide anions by converting them to H2O2, which can be rapidly converted to water by CAT and GPx.	Superoxides	12-29	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	101-104
15491410-10	2004	Elimination of the post-Ang II decrease in medullary NO in animals pre-treated with tempol suggests that tissue superoxide generation stimulated by the hormone might reduce local bioavailability of NO.	Superoxides	112-122	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	24-30
15543094-8	2004	In SIDS victims, chronic hypoxia, TNF-alpha and other inflammatory cytokines, and arachidonic acid (AA) as well as n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (FA), stimulated and/or augmented superoxide generation by polymorphonuclear leukocytes, which contributed to tissue damage.	Superoxides	181-191	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	34-43
15500351-14	2004	The formation of superoxide anion was spectrophotometrically confirmed using two independent methods, including the reduction of cytochrome c and the reduction of sodium 4-[3-(iodophenyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-2H-5-tetrazolio]-1,3-benzene disulfonate (WST-1).	Superoxides	17-33	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	129-141
15501776-0	2004	Role of protein tyrosine kinase p53/56lyn in diminished lipopolysaccharide priming of formylmethionylleucyl- phenylalanine-induced superoxide production in human newborn neutrophils.	Superoxides	131-141	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	32-35
15501776-0	2004	Role of protein tyrosine kinase p53/56lyn in diminished lipopolysaccharide priming of formylmethionylleucyl- phenylalanine-induced superoxide production in human newborn neutrophils.	Superoxides	131-141	LYN proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	38-41
15501776-5	2004	In a respiratory assay, the LPS-primed increase in formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine (fMLP)-triggered O2- release by adult PMNs was greatly decreased by PP1 [4-amino-5-(4-methyphenyl)-7-(t-butyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine], a src kinase inhibitor, to the level of untreated newborn PMNs, in which LPS failed to prime.	Superoxides	103-105	inorganic pyrophosphatase 1	Homo sapiens	154-157
15501776-5	2004	In a respiratory assay, the LPS-primed increase in formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine (fMLP)-triggered O2- release by adult PMNs was greatly decreased by PP1 [4-amino-5-(4-methyphenyl)-7-(t-butyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine], a src kinase inhibitor, to the level of untreated newborn PMNs, in which LPS failed to prime.	Superoxides	103-105	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	226-229
15838275-5	2004	The endothelin-1- induced attenuation was very strongly suppressed by co-incubation with J-104132, endothelin receptor A/B antagonist, or polyethylene-glycolated superoxide dismutase, a cell-permeant superoxide anion scavenger or LY294002, phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor.	Superoxides	162-172	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	4-16
15838275-6	2004	These results indicate that endothelin-1 can induce endothelial dysfunction, and that this may be related to superoxide generation and to PI3-kinase activity.	Superoxides	109-119	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	28-40
15838363-8	2004	These findings suggest that endothelin-1, through the endothelin-A receptor, contributes to salt-induced hypertension and vascular superoxide production in endothelin-B-deficient rats.	Superoxides	131-141	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	28-40
15480102-7	2004	Moreover, stimulation of *O2- production by angiotensin II and endothelin-1 was higher (P &lt;0.05) in cells from hypertensives than in cells from normotensives.	Superoxides	26-28	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	44-58
15480102-7	2004	Moreover, stimulation of *O2- production by angiotensin II and endothelin-1 was higher (P &lt;0.05) in cells from hypertensives than in cells from normotensives.	Superoxides	26-28	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	63-75
15485492-5	2004	These effects depended on the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK/ERK1/2) pathway, as the specific MEK inhibitor, PD98059, prevented HaRas-mediated increase in ROS and superoxide anions.	Superoxides	215-232	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	109-112
15485492-5	2004	These effects depended on the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK/ERK1/2) pathway, as the specific MEK inhibitor, PD98059, prevented HaRas-mediated increase in ROS and superoxide anions.	Superoxides	215-232	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	113-119
15485492-5	2004	These effects depended on the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK/ERK1/2) pathway, as the specific MEK inhibitor, PD98059, prevented HaRas-mediated increase in ROS and superoxide anions.	Superoxides	215-232	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	146-149
15375300-3	2004	Rho negatively regulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase and Rac contributes to NAD(P)H-oxidase activation and superoxide production.	Superoxides	113-123	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	63-66
15375300-4	2004	Statins inhibit both Rho and Rac GTPase activity via inhibition of geranylgeranylation, which confers endothelial nitric oxide synthase upregulation and decreases superoxide production, respectively.	Superoxides	163-173	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	29-32
15451371-4	2004	When the availability of intracellular O2- was reduced by application of the cell membrane-permeable O2- scavengers MnTBAP or CP-H (spin trap), HFS-induced LTP was attenuated to 12.0+/-1.7% and 8.7+/-3.1% increase, respectively.	Superoxides	39-41	carboxypeptidase E	Rattus norvegicus	126-130
15451371-4	2004	When the availability of intracellular O2- was reduced by application of the cell membrane-permeable O2- scavengers MnTBAP or CP-H (spin trap), HFS-induced LTP was attenuated to 12.0+/-1.7% and 8.7+/-3.1% increase, respectively.	Superoxides	101-103	carboxypeptidase E	Rattus norvegicus	126-130
15554240-4	2004	NQO1 has recently been shown to interact with superoxide and may be involved in scavenging superoxide within the cell.	Superoxides	46-56	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
15554240-4	2004	NQO1 has recently been shown to interact with superoxide and may be involved in scavenging superoxide within the cell.	Superoxides	91-101	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
15554245-7	2004	From the results reviewed here, two schemes for the involvement of MnSOD and catalase in the regulation of apoptosis can be extracted: 1) Both MnSOD and catalase inhibit apoptosis by removing superoxide anion radicals or H2O2, respectively, because these reactive oxygen species are mediators required for the apoptotic program or inhibit a survival pathway.	Superoxides	192-217	catalase	Homo sapiens	77-85
15554245-7	2004	From the results reviewed here, two schemes for the involvement of MnSOD and catalase in the regulation of apoptosis can be extracted: 1) Both MnSOD and catalase inhibit apoptosis by removing superoxide anion radicals or H2O2, respectively, because these reactive oxygen species are mediators required for the apoptotic program or inhibit a survival pathway.	Superoxides	192-217	catalase	Homo sapiens	153-161
15370188-4	2004	The change in neutrophil superoxide generation was significantly correlated with the change in growth hormone concentration after Qi-training (p &lt; .01).	Superoxides	25-35	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	95-109
15370188-5	2004	These data indicate that, in elderly men, Qi-training enhances superoxide generation by neutrophils, possibly via the changes in plasma growth hormone concentration.	Superoxides	63-73	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	136-150
15507763-1	2004	IFN-gamma dependent increase of superoxide production by neutrophils was observed in three patients with Chronic Granulomatous disease from one family.	Superoxides	32-42	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-9
15507763-5	2004	The changes of splicing pattern in the transcripts and prolonged effect on superoxide generating ability of patients" neutrophils indicate that IFN-gamma induced an ability to correct abnormal splicing of CYBB gene transcripts in progenitor cells at least in part.	Superoxides	75-85	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	144-153
15507767-0	2004	Reactions of superoxide with myeloperoxidase and its products.	Superoxides	13-23	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	29-44
15507767-4	2004	We show that superoxide has a profound influence on oxidative reactions catalysed by MPO.	Superoxides	13-23	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	85-88
15507767-7	2004	Superoxide also reacts rapidly with radicals generated by MPO, e.g. from tyrosine and tyrosyl peptides.	Superoxides	0-10	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	58-61
15541774-6	2004	K562 human erythrokeukemia cells transfected with constructs for expression of gp91(phox), plus other essential NADPH oxidase components generated substantial amounts of superoxide when activated with phorbol ester, lesser amounts with arachidonic acid exposure, and none with TNFalpha.	Superoxides	170-180	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	277-285
15258259-4	2004	Direct transduction of synthetic FPR-siRNAT28 into human macrophages also inhibited the expression of FPR and abrogated cell chemotaxis and the release of superoxide anions induced by the bacterial formylpeptide.	Superoxides	155-172	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	33-36
15544058-1	2004	Topical formulations with superoxide dismutase (SOD), a scavenger of superoxide radicals, have proved to be effective against some skin diseases.	Superoxides	26-36	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	48-51
15633931-7	2004	This review devoted to late diabetic complications will summarize recent findings about proximal hyperglycaemia-induced alterations leading to common pathogenic action - inhibition of glycolysis on the level of GAPDH due to increased ratio NADH/NAD+, generation of superoxide and intracellular accumulation of dicarbonyls.	Superoxides	265-275	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	211-216
15258136-2	2004	Our data demonstrate that both LPO-Fe(II) species are capable of binding O(2) at a similar rate to generate the ferrous-dioxy complex.	Superoxides	73-77	lactoperoxidase	Homo sapiens	31-34
15258136-6	2004	Our results have also shown that the decay of the LPO-Fe(II)-O(2) complex occurs by two sequential O(2)-independent steps.	Superoxides	61-65	lactoperoxidase	Homo sapiens	50-53
15262974-6	2004	With the use of methyl-beta-cyclodextrin, a cholesterol-depleting agent that reversibly disrupts rafts, we confirm an important regulatory role for rafts in the activation state of p38 and Cdc42 and in the Rho GTPase-dependent functions superoxide anion production and actin polymerization.	Superoxides	237-253	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	181-184
15364863-4	2004	Superoxide, TNF-alpha, and MCP-1/CCL2 production were significantly reduced in the SOD1 transgenic donor heart recipients, and graft injury determined by serum CPK-MB levels was significantly decreased.	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	83-87
15249506-7	2004	Incubation of platelets from healthy subjects with a PLA2 inhibitor almost completely prevented agonist-induced O(2)(-) and CD40L expression.	Superoxides	112-116	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	53-57
15319070-2	2004	The major protector against superoxide anion in the cell cytosol is Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD).	Superoxides	28-44	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	68-94
15319070-2	2004	The major protector against superoxide anion in the cell cytosol is Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD).	Superoxides	28-44	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	96-105
15155776-6	2004	CP-stimulated O2- production is completely dependent on p38-MAPK activation, as determined by sensitivity to the p38-MAPK inhibitor SB203580.	Superoxides	14-16	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	56-59
15155776-6	2004	CP-stimulated O2- production is completely dependent on p38-MAPK activation, as determined by sensitivity to the p38-MAPK inhibitor SB203580.	Superoxides	14-16	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	113-116
15155776-6	2004	CP-stimulated O2- production is completely dependent on p38-MAPK activation, as determined by sensitivity to the p38-MAPK inhibitor SB203580.	Superoxides	14-16	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	117-121
15155776-6	2004	CP-stimulated O2- production is completely dependent on p38-MAPK activation, as determined by sensitivity to the p38-MAPK inhibitor SB203580.	Superoxides	14-16	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	60-64
15255947-4	2004	The potent cell-permeant superoxide dismutase/catalase mimetic manganese tetrakis (N-ethylpyridinium-2yl) porphyrin, MnTE-PyP, abolishes the deregulation-related increase in superoxide but has no effect on deregulation itself.	Superoxides	25-35	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	46-54
15255947-4	2004	The potent cell-permeant superoxide dismutase/catalase mimetic manganese tetrakis (N-ethylpyridinium-2yl) porphyrin, MnTE-PyP, abolishes the deregulation-related increase in superoxide but has no effect on deregulation itself.	Superoxides	25-35	inorganic pyrophosphatase 1	Rattus norvegicus	122-125
15257082-7	2004	In vitro experiments done in parallel showed that long-term culture with interferon-gamma resulted in similar alterations of PMN: loss of chemotactic activity, whereas other functions of PMN, such generation of superoxides and phagocytosis of opsonized bacteria, were preserved or even enhanced.	Superoxides	211-222	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	73-89
15260123-8	2004	In the GMF-null cells, concurrent with a decrease in CuZnSOD, the function of which is to convert superoxide to H2O2, there was an increase in the activity of the two enzymes that degrade H2O2: catalase and glutathione peroxidase.	Superoxides	98-108	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	53-60
15276407-1	2004	We evaluated in Mexican children environmentally exposed to arsenic and lead monocyte nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion production in response to direct activation with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) + lipopolysaccharide (LPS).	Superoxides	108-124	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	174-190
15276407-1	2004	We evaluated in Mexican children environmentally exposed to arsenic and lead monocyte nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion production in response to direct activation with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) + lipopolysaccharide (LPS).	Superoxides	108-124	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	192-201
15166218-10	2004	The trapping of the superoxide radical by cytochrome c in the reaction of BH(4)(-) eNOS(ox) exhibited a limiting rate of approximately 15 s(-1), the time for the superoxide radical to leave the heme pocket and reach the protein surface; this reveals a general problem of the regular spin-trapping method in determining radical formation kinetics.	Superoxides	20-38	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	42-54
15166218-10	2004	The trapping of the superoxide radical by cytochrome c in the reaction of BH(4)(-) eNOS(ox) exhibited a limiting rate of approximately 15 s(-1), the time for the superoxide radical to leave the heme pocket and reach the protein surface; this reveals a general problem of the regular spin-trapping method in determining radical formation kinetics.	Superoxides	162-180	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	42-54
15280800-1	2004	EC-SOD catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide radical to hydrogen peroxide and oxygen in the interstitial spaces of tissues and in extracellular fluids (plasma, lymph, and synovial fluid).	Superoxides	36-54	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	0-6
15145937-11	2004	Resistance to death from superoxide therefore requires both PKC/PKD and ERK1/2 activation in order to down-regulate proapoptotic JNK/c-Jun signaling.	Superoxides	25-35	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	60-63
15145937-11	2004	Resistance to death from superoxide therefore requires both PKC/PKD and ERK1/2 activation in order to down-regulate proapoptotic JNK/c-Jun signaling.	Superoxides	25-35	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	72-78
15145937-11	2004	Resistance to death from superoxide therefore requires both PKC/PKD and ERK1/2 activation in order to down-regulate proapoptotic JNK/c-Jun signaling.	Superoxides	25-35	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	129-132
15192025-0	2004	Hypertension caused by angiotensin II infusion involves increased superoxide production in the central nervous system.	Superoxides	66-76	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	23-37
15192025-3	2004	We recently identified superoxide (O2*-) in the brain as a key signaling intermediate in the transient pressor response elicited by acute injection of Ang II directly into the CNS.	Superoxides	23-33	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	151-157
15192025-3	2004	We recently identified superoxide (O2*-) in the brain as a key signaling intermediate in the transient pressor response elicited by acute injection of Ang II directly into the CNS.	Superoxides	35-39	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	151-157
15192025-4	2004	Here we tested the hypothesis that hypertension caused by chronic systemic infusion of Ang II is mediated by a central neurogenic mechanism involving O2*-.	Superoxides	150-154	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	87-93
15192025-5	2004	Infusion of Ang II (600 ng x kg(-1) x min(-1)) over a 2-week period in mice caused a gradually developing hypertension that was correlated with marked elevations in O2*- production specifically in the subfornical organ (SFO), a brain region lying outside the blood-brain barrier and known to be a primary sensor for blood-borne Ang II.	Superoxides	165-168	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	12-18
15192025-7	2004	These data suggest that increased intracellular O2*- production in the SFO is critical in the development of Ang II-induced hypertension.	Superoxides	48-51	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	109-115
15271863-1	2004	On the predominance of cerebral superoxide formation for angiotensin II-induced systemic hypertension.	Superoxides	32-42	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	57-71
15131110-10	2004	However, both full-length and truncated NCB5OR produce superoxide from oxygen with slow turnover rates: kcat = approximately 0.05 and approximately 1 s(-1), respectively.	Superoxides	55-65	cytochrome b5 reductase 4	Homo sapiens	40-46
15131110-12	2004	Taken together, these data suggest that endogenous NCB5OR is a soluble NAD(P)H reductase preferentially reducing substrate(s) rather than transferring electrons to molecular oxygen and therefore not an NAD(P)H oxidase for superoxide production.	Superoxides	222-232	cytochrome b5 reductase 4	Homo sapiens	51-57
15193957-4	2004	After preincubation with high micromolar concentrations of CP55 940, fMLP-stimulated PMN showed a reduction in superoxide production, whereas the spontaneous burst activity of resting PMN remained unaffected.	Superoxides	111-121	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	69-73
15218160-3	2004	The goal of this study was to determine whether overexpression of CuZn-SOD protects against LPS-induced increases in superoxide and endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	117-127	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	66-74
15218160-9	2004	LPS-induced increases in superoxide, as measured using lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence, were higher in vessels from non-Tg mice than from SOD-Tg mice.	Superoxides	25-35	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	143-146
15240796-6	2004	The Abeta-mediated inhibition of LTP induction also was prevented by the superoxide scavenger superoxide dismutase applied together with catalase.	Superoxides	73-83	histocompatibility 2, class II antigen A, beta 1	Mus musculus	4-9
15240796-7	2004	Evidence for involvement of superoxide in the action of Abeta on LTP induction was shown by the ability of an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase to prevent the Abeta-mediated inhibition of LTP induction.	Superoxides	28-38	histocompatibility 2, class II antigen A, beta 1	Mus musculus	56-61
15240796-7	2004	Evidence for involvement of superoxide in the action of Abeta on LTP induction was shown by the ability of an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase to prevent the Abeta-mediated inhibition of LTP induction.	Superoxides	28-38	histocompatibility 2, class II antigen A, beta 1	Mus musculus	152-157
15240796-8	2004	The study thus provides evidence that the Abeta-mediated inhibition of LTP induction involves an inflammatory-type reaction in which activation of microglia results in the production of nitric oxide and superoxide and thence possibly peroxynitrite, a highly reactive oxidant.	Superoxides	203-213	histocompatibility 2, class II antigen A, beta 1	Mus musculus	42-47
15020294-7	2004	This increase in superoxide levels could be blocked by the exogenous addition of Cu/Zn SOD (150 U/ml) or by apocynin (30 microM, an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase) but was not affected by gp91(phox) knockout mice.	Superoxides	17-27	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	81-90
14988070-3	2004	We tested the hypothesis that chronic in vivo estrogen treatment or superoxide inhibition with the SOD mimetic EUK-8 improves cardiac functional recovery after I/R in the aged female rat.	Superoxides	68-78	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	99-102
15186954-4	2004	The superoxide-production activity in neutrophils was determined by cytochrome c reduction assay.	Superoxides	4-14	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	68-80
15281495-3	2004	Thus, we hypothesized that exposure of plasma to the OONO- generated with 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1), a molecule that produces both nitric oxide and superoxide, would result in a decrease in hemostatic function via diminished coagulation protein activity.	Superoxides	154-164	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	99-104
15240547-3	2004	We have recently demonstrated that inhibition of NQO(1) with dicumarol increases intracellular O(2)(.-) production and inhibits the in vitro malignant phenotype of pancreatic cancer cells (J. Cullen et al., Cancer Res., 63: 5513-5520, 2003).	Superoxides	95-99	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	49-55
15256709-3	2004	Among them, oleanolic acid (18) showed a significant inhibition effect on superoxide anion generation by human neutrophils in response to formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP).	Superoxides	74-90	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	183-187
15239103-3	2004	The therapeutic efficacy of EC-SOD gene delivery by polycationic liposomes was determined against the toxicity of superoxide anions and hydroxyethyl radicals in HepG2 cells and in a mouse model of acute liver injury caused by D-galactosamine and lipopolysaccharide intoxication.	Superoxides	114-131	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	28-34
15270576-3	2004	Compound 2 showed significantly selective inhibition on superoxide anion generation from human neutrophils stimulated by fMLP/CB with an IC(50) value of 10.0 microg/mL.	Superoxides	56-72	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	121-125
15349134-4	2004	Stobadine dose-dependently decreased superoxide generation and myeloperoxidase release after receptor-specific stimuli, with the highest effect on fMLP stimulation of superoxide generation and on opsonized zymosan stimulation of myeloperoxidase release.	Superoxides	167-177	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	147-151
15202767-1	2004	Dopamine (50 or 100 microM) attenuated the nuclear damage and cell death due to 500 microM SIN-1, a donor of superoxide and nitric oxide, in differentiated PC12 cells whereas 200 microM dopamine did not depress cell death.	Superoxides	109-119	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	91-96
15208394-2	2004	Here, we show that the Arabidopsis mutant radical-induced cell death1 (rcd1), although hypersensitive to apoplastic superoxide and ozone, is more resistant to chloroplastic superoxide formation, exhibits reduced sensitivity to abscisic acid, ethylene, and methyl jasmonate, and has altered expression of several hormonally regulated genes.	Superoxides	116-126	WWE protein-protein interaction domain protein family	Arabidopsis thaliana	71-75
15170212-0	2004	Localization of Rac2 via the C terminus and aspartic acid 150 specifies superoxide generation, actin polarity and chemotaxis in neutrophils.	Superoxides	72-82	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	16-20
15170212-4	2004	Thus, we have defined specific sequences in Rac that specify subcellular localization and determine the specificity of Rac2 in neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide generation.	Superoxides	153-163	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	119-123
15245865-5	2004	On the other hand, PP strongly reduces the superoxide production by the NADPH oxidase complex after either PMA or fMLP activation of granulocytes.	Superoxides	43-53	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	114-118
15260807-6	2004	Total antioxidant capacity was determined via wound fluid inhibition of cytochrome C reduction by a superoxide radical flux.	Superoxides	100-118	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	72-84
15102862-7	2004	Our results demonstrate that NF-kappaB plays an essential role in activation of wild-type p53 tumor suppressor to initiate proapoptotic signaling in response to overgeneration of superoxide.	Superoxides	179-189	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	90-93
15208394-2	2004	Here, we show that the Arabidopsis mutant radical-induced cell death1 (rcd1), although hypersensitive to apoplastic superoxide and ozone, is more resistant to chloroplastic superoxide formation, exhibits reduced sensitivity to abscisic acid, ethylene, and methyl jasmonate, and has altered expression of several hormonally regulated genes.	Superoxides	173-183	WWE protein-protein interaction domain protein family	Arabidopsis thaliana	71-75
15215539-5	2004	A recent paper describes the presence of an inactive pool of SOD1 whose activation is wholly reliant on the presence of superoxide or oxygen and a specific copper-containing chaperone.	Superoxides	120-130	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
15093220-0	2004	Third-generation superoxide anion sensor based on superoxide dismutase directly immobilized by sol-gel thin film on gold electrode.	Superoxides	17-33	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	50-70
15093220-1	2004	A third-generation biosensor for superoxide anion (O(2)*-) was developed based on superoxide dismutase (SOD) immobilized by thin silica-PVA sol-gel film on gold electrode surface.	Superoxides	33-49	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	82-102
15093220-1	2004	A third-generation biosensor for superoxide anion (O(2)*-) was developed based on superoxide dismutase (SOD) immobilized by thin silica-PVA sol-gel film on gold electrode surface.	Superoxides	33-49	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	104-107
15093220-1	2004	A third-generation biosensor for superoxide anion (O(2)*-) was developed based on superoxide dismutase (SOD) immobilized by thin silica-PVA sol-gel film on gold electrode surface.	Superoxides	51-58	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	82-102
15093220-1	2004	A third-generation biosensor for superoxide anion (O(2)*-) was developed based on superoxide dismutase (SOD) immobilized by thin silica-PVA sol-gel film on gold electrode surface.	Superoxides	51-58	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	104-107
15093220-6	2004	Based on biomolecular recognition for specific reactivity of SOD toward O(2)*- the SOD electrode was applied to a sensitive and selective measurement of O(2)*- with the low operation potential (-0.15 V versus SCE) in phosphate buffer solution, pH 7.0.	Superoxides	72-76	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	61-64
15093220-6	2004	Based on biomolecular recognition for specific reactivity of SOD toward O(2)*- the SOD electrode was applied to a sensitive and selective measurement of O(2)*- with the low operation potential (-0.15 V versus SCE) in phosphate buffer solution, pH 7.0.	Superoxides	72-76	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	83-86
15234536-8	2004	PRL-treated monocyte-derived macrophages showed also an enhanced release of superoxide anion (O2-) release.	Superoxides	76-92	prolactin	Homo sapiens	0-3
15234536-8	2004	PRL-treated monocyte-derived macrophages showed also an enhanced release of superoxide anion (O2-) release.	Superoxides	94-96	prolactin	Homo sapiens	0-3
15185295-9	2004	Administration of N-acetyl L-cysteine or a chimeric superoxide dismutase (SOD)-SOD2/3, a genetically engineered SOD-abrogated ALT release in H/R-perfused PP zones, implicating a role for superoxide (O(2) (-)).	Superoxides	52-62	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	74-77
15247047-1	2004	One of the most important antioxidant enzymes is superoxide dismutase (SOD), which catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide radicals to peroxide.	Superoxides	49-59	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	71-74
15247047-8	2004	We call it the "alternative pathway" mechanism, because it depends on superoxide radicals having alternative pathways besides their reaction with SOD.	Superoxides	70-80	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	146-149
15450858-2	2004	In this study, the effects of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and polyclonal tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) antibodies on DCA- and TCA-induced SA production and cellular death have been tested on the J774.A1 macrophage cultures.	Superoxides	147-149	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	52-55
15450858-2	2004	In this study, the effects of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and polyclonal tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) antibodies on DCA- and TCA-induced SA production and cellular death have been tested on the J774.A1 macrophage cultures.	Superoxides	147-149	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	101-110
15450858-6	2004	On the other hand, addition of TNF-alpha antibodies to the DCA- and TCA-treated cultures resulted in significant reduction of DCA- but not TCA-induced cellular death and SA production by the cells.	Superoxides	170-172	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	31-40
15102856-4	2004	Using this assay, together with in vitro kinase assays and immunochemical studies, we report that p38 MAPK plays a critical role in TNFalpha priming of the human and porcine NADPH oxidase for superoxide production in response to complement-opsonized zymosan (OpZ), but little, if any, role in neutrophil priming by platelet-activating factor (PAF) for OpZ-dependent responses.	Superoxides	192-202	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	98-101
15102856-4	2004	Using this assay, together with in vitro kinase assays and immunochemical studies, we report that p38 MAPK plays a critical role in TNFalpha priming of the human and porcine NADPH oxidase for superoxide production in response to complement-opsonized zymosan (OpZ), but little, if any, role in neutrophil priming by platelet-activating factor (PAF) for OpZ-dependent responses.	Superoxides	192-202	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	132-140
15102862-3	2004	In this report, we show that doxycycline increased superoxide generation and subsequently activated NF-kappaB, which in turn up-regulated p53 expression and increased the stability and DNA binding activity of p53.	Superoxides	51-61	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	138-141
15102862-3	2004	In this report, we show that doxycycline increased superoxide generation and subsequently activated NF-kappaB, which in turn up-regulated p53 expression and increased the stability and DNA binding activity of p53.	Superoxides	51-61	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	209-212
15102862-7	2004	Our results demonstrate that NF-kappaB plays an essential role in activation of wild-type p53 tumor suppressor to initiate proapoptotic signaling in response to overgeneration of superoxide.	Superoxides	179-189	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	29-38
15070892-4	2004	In wt CA, 30 min of hypoxia (1% O(2)) followed by reoxygenation (16% O(2)) resulted in further coronary vasoconstriction (internal diameter from 105 +/- 11 to 84.5 +/- 17.9 microm), whereas this response was completely blocked in both CuZn-SOD Tg and gp91(phox) knock-out CA (104.3 +/- 10.5 to 120.7 +/- 14 microm and 143.3 +/- 15.3 to 172.7 +/- 12.5 microm, respectively, p &lt; 0.01).	Superoxides	32-37	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	235-243
15070892-4	2004	In wt CA, 30 min of hypoxia (1% O(2)) followed by reoxygenation (16% O(2)) resulted in further coronary vasoconstriction (internal diameter from 105 +/- 11 to 84.5 +/- 17.9 microm), whereas this response was completely blocked in both CuZn-SOD Tg and gp91(phox) knock-out CA (104.3 +/- 10.5 to 120.7 +/- 14 microm and 143.3 +/- 15.3 to 172.7 +/- 12.5 microm, respectively, p &lt; 0.01).	Superoxides	32-36	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	235-243
15185295-9	2004	Administration of N-acetyl L-cysteine or a chimeric superoxide dismutase (SOD)-SOD2/3, a genetically engineered SOD-abrogated ALT release in H/R-perfused PP zones, implicating a role for superoxide (O(2) (-)).	Superoxides	52-62	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	79-85
15185295-9	2004	Administration of N-acetyl L-cysteine or a chimeric superoxide dismutase (SOD)-SOD2/3, a genetically engineered SOD-abrogated ALT release in H/R-perfused PP zones, implicating a role for superoxide (O(2) (-)).	Superoxides	52-62	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	79-82
15153794-10	2004	Furthermore, cockroach-induced superoxide production from eosinophils was significantly inhibited by the pretreatment of cells with a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor SB202190.	Superoxides	31-41	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	134-137
15147563-2	2004	Here we show that triggering of the formyl peptide receptor (FPR) with f-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLF) substantially reduced the neutrophil superoxide production induced by activation of the CXC receptors with IL-8.	Superoxides	129-139	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	36-59
15147563-2	2004	Here we show that triggering of the formyl peptide receptor (FPR) with f-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLF) substantially reduced the neutrophil superoxide production induced by activation of the CXC receptors with IL-8.	Superoxides	129-139	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	61-64
15185295-9	2004	Administration of N-acetyl L-cysteine or a chimeric superoxide dismutase (SOD)-SOD2/3, a genetically engineered SOD-abrogated ALT release in H/R-perfused PP zones, implicating a role for superoxide (O(2) (-)).	Superoxides	199-203	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	74-77
15147563-2	2004	Here we show that triggering of the formyl peptide receptor (FPR) with f-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLF) substantially reduced the neutrophil superoxide production induced by activation of the CXC receptors with IL-8.	Superoxides	129-139	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	199-203
15185295-9	2004	Administration of N-acetyl L-cysteine or a chimeric superoxide dismutase (SOD)-SOD2/3, a genetically engineered SOD-abrogated ALT release in H/R-perfused PP zones, implicating a role for superoxide (O(2) (-)).	Superoxides	199-203	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	79-85
15185295-9	2004	Administration of N-acetyl L-cysteine or a chimeric superoxide dismutase (SOD)-SOD2/3, a genetically engineered SOD-abrogated ALT release in H/R-perfused PP zones, implicating a role for superoxide (O(2) (-)).	Superoxides	199-203	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	79-82
15167450-10	2004	In-vitro incubation of platelets with angiotensin II elicited a significant increase in O2 (P &lt; 0.001) that was dose-dependently inhibited by irbesartan and diphenylene iodonium, an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	88-90	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	38-52
15125794-2	2004	Physical shockwave treatment increased osteogenic activity of HUCB mesenchymal progenitor cells through superoxide-mediated TGF-beta1 induction.	Superoxides	104-114	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	124-133
15125794-15	2004	Superoxide scavenging by superoxide dismutase blocked SW enhancement of TGF-beta1 production and formation of CFU-Stroma.	Superoxides	0-10	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	72-81
15125794-18	2004	An optimal physical SW treatment enhanced osteogenesis through superoxide-mediated TGF-beta1 production.	Superoxides	63-73	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	83-92
14985908-2	2004	An in-vitro superoxide anion generation xanthine/xanthine oxidase stable source was established on line with FIA/CL-detection apparatus, for measuring SOD activity.	Superoxides	12-28	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	151-154
15163543-14	2004	Although without supportive data, superoxide production induced by arsenic exposure can theoretically impair insulin secretion by interaction with uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), and oxidative stress can also cause amyloid formation in the pancreas, which could progressively destroy the insulin-secreting beta cells.	Superoxides	34-44	insulin	Homo sapiens	109-116
14970220-1	2004	Phagocytosis is accompanied by the production of superoxide by the NADPH oxidase complex, for which GTP-bound Rac is essential.	Superoxides	49-59	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	110-113
14970220-9	2004	Taken together, these results suggest that Rho plays an important role in superoxide formation during phagocytosis of SOZ, COZ, and IOZ via phosphorylation of p47(PHOX).	Superoxides	74-84	NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47)	Mus musculus	159-162
15110391-0	2004	p38 MAPK associated with stereoselective priming by grepafloxacin on O2- production in neutrophils.	Superoxides	69-71	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	0-3
15110391-6	2004	Grepafloxacin-induced primed superoxide generation was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with PD169316 and SB203580, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors, but not with PD98059, a specific inhibitor of the upstream kinase that activates p44/42 MAPK, or SP600125, an inhibitor of stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK).	Superoxides	29-39	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	123-126
15110391-6	2004	Grepafloxacin-induced primed superoxide generation was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with PD169316 and SB203580, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors, but not with PD98059, a specific inhibitor of the upstream kinase that activates p44/42 MAPK, or SP600125, an inhibitor of stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK).	Superoxides	29-39	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	359-362
15075214-3	2004	We tested the hypothesis that, after a demanding isometric contraction protocol, the major source of superoxide and hydroxyl radical activity in the extracellular space of muscles is mitochondrial generation of superoxide anions and that, with a reduction in MnSOD activity, concentration of superoxide anions in the extracellular space is unchanged but concentration of hydroxyl radicals is decreased.	Superoxides	101-111	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	259-264
15075214-5	2004	A 15-min protocol of 180 isometric contractions induced a rapid, equivalent increase in reduction of cytochrome c as an index of superoxide anion concentrations in the extracellular space of Sod2(+/+) and Sod2(+/-) mice, whereas hydroxyl radical activity measured by formation of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate from salicylate increased only in the extracellular space of muscles of Sod2(+/+) mice.	Superoxides	129-145	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	191-195
15259513-3	2004	Extracellular superoxide production was measured by the cytochrome c reduction assay.	Superoxides	14-24	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	56-68
15111505-3	2004	Insulin treatment significantly increased intracellular superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) production, an effect completely abolished by Tiron, a cell-permeable superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic and by polyethylene glycol (PEG)-SOD, but not by PEG catalase.	Superoxides	56-72	insulin	Homo sapiens	0-7
15105207-4	2004	OONO(-) was generated with 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1), a molecule that produces both nitric oxide and superoxide.	Superoxides	107-117	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	52-57
15134512-7	2004	ROS (e.g., superoxide, peroxynitrite, hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide) are all potential reactants capable of initiating DNA single strand breakage, with subsequent activation of the nuclear enzyme poly (ADP ribose) synthetase (PARS), leading to eventual severe energy depletion of the cells, and necrotic-type cell death.	Superoxides	11-21	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	205-233
15293551-4	2004	Catalase, SOD and bathocuproine, a chelator of Cu(I), inhibited the DNA damage, suggesting the involvement of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide and Cu(I).	Superoxides	129-139	catalase	Homo sapiens	0-8
15111505-4	2004	Furthermore, insulin-induced O(2)(-) production was attenuated by the NAD(P)H inhibitor apocynin, but not by rotenone or oxypurinol.	Superoxides	29-36	insulin	Homo sapiens	13-20
15111505-5	2004	Inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3"-kinase (PI 3"-kinase) pathway with LY294002 blocked insulin-stimulated O(2)(-) production, suggesting a direct involvement of PI 3"-kinase in the activation of NAD(P)H oxidase.	Superoxides	113-120	insulin	Homo sapiens	94-101
15111505-7	2004	In conclusion, these findings provided direct evidence that elevated insulin levels generate O(2)(-) by an NAD(P)H-dependent mechanism that involves the activation of PI 3"-kinase and stimulates ERK-1- and ERK-2-dependent pathways.	Superoxides	93-100	insulin	Homo sapiens	69-76
15111505-7	2004	In conclusion, these findings provided direct evidence that elevated insulin levels generate O(2)(-) by an NAD(P)H-dependent mechanism that involves the activation of PI 3"-kinase and stimulates ERK-1- and ERK-2-dependent pathways.	Superoxides	93-100	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	195-200
15111505-7	2004	In conclusion, these findings provided direct evidence that elevated insulin levels generate O(2)(-) by an NAD(P)H-dependent mechanism that involves the activation of PI 3"-kinase and stimulates ERK-1- and ERK-2-dependent pathways.	Superoxides	93-100	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	206-211
15082065-4	2004	Superoxide anion was produced by incubating cells with xanthine and xanthine oxidase plus catalase, singlet oxygen was generated with rose Bengal and luminic stimuli, and hydrogen peroxide was induced with the glucose and glucose oxidase.	Superoxides	0-16	catalase	Homo sapiens	90-98
15100319-2	2004	Although signaling through pathways involving phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3-K) and the downstream kinase Akt (protein kinase B) plays a central role in modulating neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide generation in response to engagement of G protein-coupled receptors, the importance of these kinases in affecting inflammatory responses of neutrophils stimulated through TLR2 has not been examined.	Superoxides	190-200	phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1	Homo sapiens	46-71
15100319-2	2004	Although signaling through pathways involving phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3-K) and the downstream kinase Akt (protein kinase B) plays a central role in modulating neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide generation in response to engagement of G protein-coupled receptors, the importance of these kinases in affecting inflammatory responses of neutrophils stimulated through TLR2 has not been examined.	Superoxides	190-200	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	106-109
15100319-2	2004	Although signaling through pathways involving phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3-K) and the downstream kinase Akt (protein kinase B) plays a central role in modulating neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide generation in response to engagement of G protein-coupled receptors, the importance of these kinases in affecting inflammatory responses of neutrophils stimulated through TLR2 has not been examined.	Superoxides	190-200	toll like receptor 2	Homo sapiens	372-376
15675181-7	2004	Superoxide generation after 24-h serum stimulation was less in the iNOS KO cells compared with WT cells.	Superoxides	0-10	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	67-71
15116368-1	2004	The G93A transgenic mouse has a mutation in copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) that results in oxidative stress and motor neuron loss.	Superoxides	56-66	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	78-85
15102952-0	2004	NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1: role as a superoxide scavenger.	Superoxides	44-54	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	0-32
15102952-2	2004	The rate of auto-oxidation of fully reduced NQO1 was markedly accelerated in the presence of superoxide (O(2)(*)(-)), whereas the addition of superoxide dismutase greatly inhibited the rate of auto-oxidation.	Superoxides	93-103	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	44-48
15064408-4	2004	Activity assays with pure proteins and cell extracts reveal that O(2) (or superoxide) is required for activation of SOD1 by CCS.	Superoxides	74-84	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	116-120
15034941-8	2004	In contrast, paraquat-mediated superoxide stress in fibroblasts promoted aggregation of endogenous SOD1, but not mutant SOD1.	Superoxides	31-41	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	99-103
14726515-11	2004	Finally it was found that AtXDH1 is a strict dehydrogenase and not an oxidase, but is able to produce superoxide radicals indicating that besides purine catabolism it might also be involved in response to various stresses that require reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	102-121	xanthine dehydrogenase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	26-32
15006901-6	2004	Adhesion of neutrophils to ACLB caused a size-dependent generation and release of O(2)(-) and also potentiated TNF alpha-induced O(2)(-) release.	Superoxides	129-133	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	111-120
15036821-0	2004	p22phox-derived superoxide mediates enhanced proliferative capacity of diabetic vascular smooth muscle cells.	Superoxides	16-26	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Rattus norvegicus	0-7
15036821-5	2004	Furthermore, inhibition of p22phox expression by transfection of antisense p22phox oligonucleotides into diabetic VSMC resulted in a decrease in superoxide generation, which was accompanied by a significant attenuation of cell proliferation.	Superoxides	145-155	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Rattus norvegicus	27-34
15036821-5	2004	Furthermore, inhibition of p22phox expression by transfection of antisense p22phox oligonucleotides into diabetic VSMC resulted in a decrease in superoxide generation, which was accompanied by a significant attenuation of cell proliferation.	Superoxides	145-155	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Rattus norvegicus	75-82
14736885-2	2004	EC-SOD participates in the detoxification of reactive oxygen species by catalyzing the dismutation of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	102-112	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	0-6
14736885-3	2004	The tissue distribution of the enzyme is particularly important because of the reactive nature of its substrate, and it is likely essential that EC-SOD is positioned at the site of superoxide production to prevent adventitious oxidation.	Superoxides	181-191	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	145-151
15068654-9	2004	Furthermore, racial comparisons indicated that African American adolescents (n = 16), as compared with Caucasian adolescents (n = 128), had significantly higher responses in PMN superoxide release to N-Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP) activation during mid-semester and lymphocyte proliferative responses at both time points.	Superoxides	178-188	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	200-220
15068654-9	2004	Furthermore, racial comparisons indicated that African American adolescents (n = 16), as compared with Caucasian adolescents (n = 128), had significantly higher responses in PMN superoxide release to N-Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP) activation during mid-semester and lymphocyte proliferative responses at both time points.	Superoxides	178-188	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	222-226
15086456-3	2004	On the other hand, high glucose-induced mitochondrial overproduction of superoxide anion was found to activate PKC.	Superoxides	72-88	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	111-114
15126922-4	2004	METHODS AND RESULTS: Chronic infusion of Ang II (200 ng/kg per min for 12 days) increased the aortic and cardiac tissue production of superoxide anion (O2) (lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence method) by 77 and 35%, respectively.	Superoxides	134-150	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	41-47
15126922-4	2004	METHODS AND RESULTS: Chronic infusion of Ang II (200 ng/kg per min for 12 days) increased the aortic and cardiac tissue production of superoxide anion (O2) (lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence method) by 77 and 35%, respectively.	Superoxides	152-154	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	41-47
15126922-7	2004	However, concurrent treatment with ASA in Ang II-infused rats completely prevented the Ang II-induced production of O2, in addition to hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy.	Superoxides	116-118	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	42-48
15126922-7	2004	However, concurrent treatment with ASA in Ang II-infused rats completely prevented the Ang II-induced production of O2, in addition to hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy.	Superoxides	116-118	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	87-93
15126922-8	2004	Similar protective effects were observed in cultured aortic smooth muscle cells, in which increases in O2 production and [H]leucine incorporation (221 and 38%, respectively) induced by Ang II (10 mol/l) were totally prevented by concurrent incubation with ASA (10 mol/l).	Superoxides	103-105	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	185-191
14681237-0	2004	Ras induction of superoxide activates ERK-dependent angiogenic transcription factor HIF-1alpha and VEGF-A expression in shock wave-stimulated osteoblasts.	Superoxides	17-27	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	38-41
14980716-4	2004	Neutrophil function analysis revealed that MPO activity was significantly diminished with slightly elevated superoxide production.	Superoxides	108-118	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	43-46
14707037-5	2004	Compared with ApoE-KO controls, transgenic mice (ApoE-KO/GCH-Tg) had higher aortic BH4 levels, reduced endothelial superoxide production and eNOS uncoupling, increased cGMP levels, and preserved NO-mediated endothelium dependent vasorelaxations.	Superoxides	115-125	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	49-53
14993144-0	2004	Opposing roles of p47phox in basal versus angiotensin II-stimulated alterations in vascular O2- production, vascular tone, and mitogen-activated protein kinase activation.	Superoxides	92-94	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	42-56
14993144-1	2004	BACKGROUND: NADPH oxidase is a major source of vascular superoxide (O2-) production and is implicated in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced oxidant stress.	Superoxides	56-66	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	105-119
14993144-1	2004	BACKGROUND: NADPH oxidase is a major source of vascular superoxide (O2-) production and is implicated in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced oxidant stress.	Superoxides	56-66	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	121-127
14993144-1	2004	BACKGROUND: NADPH oxidase is a major source of vascular superoxide (O2-) production and is implicated in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced oxidant stress.	Superoxides	68-70	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	105-119
14993144-1	2004	BACKGROUND: NADPH oxidase is a major source of vascular superoxide (O2-) production and is implicated in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced oxidant stress.	Superoxides	68-70	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	121-127
14993144-5	2004	In WT aortae, Ang II increased NADPH-dependent O2- production (2.5+/-0.5-fold; P&lt;0.05), impaired relaxation to acetylcholine (maximum 60+/-6% versus 80+/-3%; P&lt;0.05), and increased ERK1/2, p38MAPK, and JNK phosphorylation (P&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	47-49	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	14-20
15013818-7	2004	A well established candidate for activation would be oxidative stress, however we could exclude that oxidation mediated by cytochrome P450 2E1 (or flavine monooxygenase) was responsible for activation under a defined set of experimental conditions since superoxide or hydrogen peroxide alone did not activate the enzyme (in microsomes prepared by our routine procedure).	Superoxides	254-264	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily E member 1	Homo sapiens	123-142
14681237-7	2004	Inhibition of superoxide production by diphenyliodonium, an NADPH oxidase inhibitor, was found to suppress VEGF-A expression.	Superoxides	14-24	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	107-113
14681237-9	2004	Further studies demonstrated that SW significantly promoted ERK activation in 1 h and HIF-1alpha phosphorylation and HIF-1alpha binding to VEGF promoter in 3 h. In support of the observation that superoxide mediated the SW-induced ERK activation and HIF-1alpha transactivation, we further demonstrated that scavenging of superoxide by superoxide dismutase and inhibition of ERK activity by PD98059 decreased HIF-1alpha activation and VEGF-A levels.	Superoxides	196-206	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	86-96
14681237-9	2004	Further studies demonstrated that SW significantly promoted ERK activation in 1 h and HIF-1alpha phosphorylation and HIF-1alpha binding to VEGF promoter in 3 h. In support of the observation that superoxide mediated the SW-induced ERK activation and HIF-1alpha transactivation, we further demonstrated that scavenging of superoxide by superoxide dismutase and inhibition of ERK activity by PD98059 decreased HIF-1alpha activation and VEGF-A levels.	Superoxides	196-206	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	117-127
14681237-9	2004	Further studies demonstrated that SW significantly promoted ERK activation in 1 h and HIF-1alpha phosphorylation and HIF-1alpha binding to VEGF promoter in 3 h. In support of the observation that superoxide mediated the SW-induced ERK activation and HIF-1alpha transactivation, we further demonstrated that scavenging of superoxide by superoxide dismutase and inhibition of ERK activity by PD98059 decreased HIF-1alpha activation and VEGF-A levels.	Superoxides	196-206	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	139-143
14681237-9	2004	Further studies demonstrated that SW significantly promoted ERK activation in 1 h and HIF-1alpha phosphorylation and HIF-1alpha binding to VEGF promoter in 3 h. In support of the observation that superoxide mediated the SW-induced ERK activation and HIF-1alpha transactivation, we further demonstrated that scavenging of superoxide by superoxide dismutase and inhibition of ERK activity by PD98059 decreased HIF-1alpha activation and VEGF-A levels.	Superoxides	196-206	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	231-234
14681237-9	2004	Further studies demonstrated that SW significantly promoted ERK activation in 1 h and HIF-1alpha phosphorylation and HIF-1alpha binding to VEGF promoter in 3 h. In support of the observation that superoxide mediated the SW-induced ERK activation and HIF-1alpha transactivation, we further demonstrated that scavenging of superoxide by superoxide dismutase and inhibition of ERK activity by PD98059 decreased HIF-1alpha activation and VEGF-A levels.	Superoxides	196-206	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	117-127
14681237-9	2004	Further studies demonstrated that SW significantly promoted ERK activation in 1 h and HIF-1alpha phosphorylation and HIF-1alpha binding to VEGF promoter in 3 h. In support of the observation that superoxide mediated the SW-induced ERK activation and HIF-1alpha transactivation, we further demonstrated that scavenging of superoxide by superoxide dismutase and inhibition of ERK activity by PD98059 decreased HIF-1alpha activation and VEGF-A levels.	Superoxides	196-206	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	231-234
14681237-9	2004	Further studies demonstrated that SW significantly promoted ERK activation in 1 h and HIF-1alpha phosphorylation and HIF-1alpha binding to VEGF promoter in 3 h. In support of the observation that superoxide mediated the SW-induced ERK activation and HIF-1alpha transactivation, we further demonstrated that scavenging of superoxide by superoxide dismutase and inhibition of ERK activity by PD98059 decreased HIF-1alpha activation and VEGF-A levels.	Superoxides	196-206	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	117-127
14681237-9	2004	Further studies demonstrated that SW significantly promoted ERK activation in 1 h and HIF-1alpha phosphorylation and HIF-1alpha binding to VEGF promoter in 3 h. In support of the observation that superoxide mediated the SW-induced ERK activation and HIF-1alpha transactivation, we further demonstrated that scavenging of superoxide by superoxide dismutase and inhibition of ERK activity by PD98059 decreased HIF-1alpha activation and VEGF-A levels.	Superoxides	196-206	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	434-440
14699015-6	2004	Treatment of C57BL/6J mice with IL-6 for 18 days increased vascular AT1 receptor expression (real-time RT-PCR) and angiotensin II-induced vasoconstriction, enhanced vascular superoxide production (L-012 chemiluminescence, DHE fluorescence), and impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilatation.	Superoxides	174-184	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	32-36
14576080-0	2004	Superoxide, H2O2, and iron are required for TNF-alpha-induced MCP-1 gene expression in endothelial cells: role of Rac1 and NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	0-10	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	44-53
14576080-3	2004	Adenovirus-mediated expression of superoxide dismutase and catalase inhibited TNF-alpha-induced MCP-1 gene expression, suggesting important roles of superoxide (O(2)(-).)	Superoxides	34-44	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	78-87
14576080-3	2004	Adenovirus-mediated expression of superoxide dismutase and catalase inhibited TNF-alpha-induced MCP-1 gene expression, suggesting important roles of superoxide (O(2)(-).)	Superoxides	161-165	catalase	Mus musculus	59-67
14576080-3	2004	Adenovirus-mediated expression of superoxide dismutase and catalase inhibited TNF-alpha-induced MCP-1 gene expression, suggesting important roles of superoxide (O(2)(-).)	Superoxides	161-165	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	78-87
14576080-13	2004	These data suggest that ROS such as superoxide and H(2)O(2) derived from Rac1-activated NADPH oxidase mediate TNF-alpha-induced MCP-1 expression in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	36-46	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	110-119
14681237-0	2004	Ras induction of superoxide activates ERK-dependent angiogenic transcription factor HIF-1alpha and VEGF-A expression in shock wave-stimulated osteoblasts.	Superoxides	17-27	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	84-94
14681237-0	2004	Ras induction of superoxide activates ERK-dependent angiogenic transcription factor HIF-1alpha and VEGF-A expression in shock wave-stimulated osteoblasts.	Superoxides	17-27	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	99-105
14681237-5	2004	Here, we found that SW elevation of VEGF-A expression in human osteoblasts to be mediated by Ras-induced superoxide and ERK-dependent HIF-1alpha activation.	Superoxides	105-115	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	36-42
15032648-7	2004	Experimental evidences suggest that (6R)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin (BH(4)), the natural and essential cofactor of NO synthases (NOS), plays a crucial role not only in increasing the rate of NO generation by NOS but also in controlling the formation of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) in the endothelial cells.	Superoxides	254-270	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	116-128
15032648-7	2004	Experimental evidences suggest that (6R)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin (BH(4)), the natural and essential cofactor of NO synthases (NOS), plays a crucial role not only in increasing the rate of NO generation by NOS but also in controlling the formation of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) in the endothelial cells.	Superoxides	272-276	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	116-128
15032648-8	2004	Under insulin-resistant conditions where BH(4) levels are suboptimal, in addition to a reduced synthesis of NO, an accelerated inactivation of NO by O(2)(-) within the vascular wall was observed.	Superoxides	149-153	insulin	Homo sapiens	6-13
14988262-8	2004	Evidence of increased NO responsiveness and the suppression of glomerular nitrotyrosine may both reflect reduced NO-superoxide interaction in SOD-Tg-db/db mice.	Superoxides	116-126	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	142-145
14988266-6	2004	In addition, an antioxidant and inhibitors of mitochondrial superoxide, NADPH oxidase, and glucose metabolism to glucosamine also blocked high glucose-induced COX-2 expression to varying degrees.	Superoxides	60-70	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	159-164
14984722-2	2004	The present study systematically investigated the effect of angiotensin II (AT(1))- receptor blockade on vascular superoxide (O(2)(-)) production and endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	114-124	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	60-92
14984722-2	2004	The present study systematically investigated the effect of angiotensin II (AT(1))- receptor blockade on vascular superoxide (O(2)(-)) production and endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	126-130	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	60-92
14980699-4	2004	We demonstrate here that a subset of mice with partial deficiency of the mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (Sod2(-/+)) show increased incidence of spontaneous and handling-induced seizures that correlates with chronic mitochondrial oxidative stress (increased aconitase inactivation and 8-hydroxy-2"-deoxyguanosine formation in mitochondria) and diminished mitochondrial oxygen utilization.	Superoxides	87-97	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	109-113
15129734-3	2004	The results indicate that the L-012-derived chemiluminescence induced by superoxide from hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase (HX/XO) or by 3-morpholino sydnonimine (SIN-1)-derived peroxynitrite largely depends on the incubation time.	Superoxides	73-83	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	159-164
14978155-14	2004	Angiotensin II (AngII) activates NADPH oxidases, leading to production of the superoxide anion and decreased availability of nitric oxide (NO), further impairing vascular function.	Superoxides	78-94	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
14978155-14	2004	Angiotensin II (AngII) activates NADPH oxidases, leading to production of the superoxide anion and decreased availability of nitric oxide (NO), further impairing vascular function.	Superoxides	78-94	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	16-21
14755545-7	2004	Diphenylene iodonium (DPI), inhibitor of NAD(P)H oxidase, and tiron, superoxide scavenger, inhibited Ang II- and Ang II+ IL-1beta-stimulated increases in OPN mRNA.	Superoxides	69-79	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	101-107
14755545-7	2004	Diphenylene iodonium (DPI), inhibitor of NAD(P)H oxidase, and tiron, superoxide scavenger, inhibited Ang II- and Ang II+ IL-1beta-stimulated increases in OPN mRNA.	Superoxides	69-79	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	113-119
14755545-7	2004	Diphenylene iodonium (DPI), inhibitor of NAD(P)H oxidase, and tiron, superoxide scavenger, inhibited Ang II- and Ang II+ IL-1beta-stimulated increases in OPN mRNA.	Superoxides	69-79	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	121-129
14978110-6	2004	Cotransfection of p41(nox) and p51(nox) cDNAs in T84 cells enhanced PMA-stimulated O(2)(-) release 5-fold.	Superoxides	83-87	HLA complex P5	Homo sapiens	31-34
15076160-9	2004	The activity of Cu/Zn-SOD in the thoracic aorta was significantly reduced in rats fed a high Zn diet relative to rats fed a standard diet, appearing to at least in part, play a role in an increase in the action of superoxide in the vessel wall of rats fed a high Zn diet.	Superoxides	214-224	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	16-25
15086540-1	2004	Abnormal production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induces tissue damage and superoxide dismutase (SOD) that converts superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide functions as defense against ROS.	Superoxides	120-139	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	79-99
15086540-1	2004	Abnormal production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induces tissue damage and superoxide dismutase (SOD) that converts superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide functions as defense against ROS.	Superoxides	120-139	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	101-104
15009884-8	2004	In the presence of superoxide, sense sigA transformants showed greater resistance than vector controls, and the antisense sigA transformant did not grow.	Superoxides	19-29	RNA polymerase sigma factor SigA	Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv	37-41
15017522-2	2004	The vasculature, interstitium, juxtaglomerular apparatus, and the distal nephron in the kidney express nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase that generates superoxide anion, which is an important component of angiotensin II-induced oxidative stress.	Superoxides	178-194	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	231-245
14749279-5	2004	Mitochondrial superoxide has been identified as a posttranslational regulator of UCP2 activity in islets; thus, UCP2 may provide protection to beta-cells at one level while simultaneously having detrimental effects on insulin secretion.	Superoxides	14-24	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	81-85
14757147-0	2004	Angiotensin II stimulates superoxide production via both angiotensin AT1A and AT1B receptors in mouse aorta and heart.	Superoxides	26-36	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Mus musculus	69-73
14757147-1	2004	The present study was conducted to determine the roles of angiotensin AT(1A) and AT(1B) receptors in angiotensin II-induced superoxide anion production in mouse aorta and heart.	Superoxides	124-140	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Mus musculus	70-75
14757147-3	2004	The basal production rate of superoxide anion in aorta of wild type (WT) mice was significantly higher than in angiotensin AT(1A) receptor knockout (AT(1A) KO) mice.	Superoxides	29-45	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Mus musculus	123-128
14757147-4	2004	Angiotensin II (2.8 mg/kg/day, s.c. for 13 days) significantly increased superoxide anion production in aorta of both AT(1A) KO and WT mice.	Superoxides	73-89	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Mus musculus	118-123
14757147-5	2004	However, the superoxide anion production rate in aorta of angiotensin II-infused AT(1A) KO mice was significantly lower than in angiotensin II-infused WT mice.	Superoxides	13-29	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Mus musculus	81-86
14757147-9	2004	These results indicate that angiotensin II stimulates superoxide anion production via both angiotensin AT(1A) and AT(1B) receptors, and that angiotensin AT(1A) receptors appear to play a predominant role in angiotensin II-induced superoxide anion production in mouse aorta and heart.	Superoxides	54-70	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Mus musculus	103-108
14757147-9	2004	These results indicate that angiotensin II stimulates superoxide anion production via both angiotensin AT(1A) and AT(1B) receptors, and that angiotensin AT(1A) receptors appear to play a predominant role in angiotensin II-induced superoxide anion production in mouse aorta and heart.	Superoxides	230-246	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Mus musculus	153-158
14758023-0	2004	Superoxide generation by Nox1 in guinea pig gastric mucosal cells involves a component with p67(phox)-ability.	Superoxides	0-10	zona pellucida sperm-binding protein 3 receptor	Cavia porcellus	92-95
14765128-1	2004	The superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase consists of a membrane-bound flavocytochrome b558 complex, and cytosolic factors p47phox, p67phox and the small GTPase Rac, which translocate to the membrane to assemble the active complex following cell activation.	Superoxides	4-14	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	168-171
14749279-5	2004	Mitochondrial superoxide has been identified as a posttranslational regulator of UCP2 activity in islets; thus, UCP2 may provide protection to beta-cells at one level while simultaneously having detrimental effects on insulin secretion.	Superoxides	14-24	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	112-116
14749737-2	2004	Physiological concentrations of angiotensin II activate NAD(P)H oxidase and trigger free radical generation (especially that of O(2)(-*)).	Superoxides	128-132	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	32-46
15104211-9	2004	The excess cortical O2*- levels in the SHRSP may be associated with a down-regulation of Cu/Zn SOD but are not related to a decrease in oestrogen.	Superoxides	20-22	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	89-98
14657004-5	2004	SIN-1, which releases both NO and superoxide (O2*-), reduced HIF-1alpha levels, suggesting that inhibitory NO donors may elicit effects through peroxynitrite (ONOO*-).	Superoxides	34-44	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
14657004-5	2004	SIN-1, which releases both NO and superoxide (O2*-), reduced HIF-1alpha levels, suggesting that inhibitory NO donors may elicit effects through peroxynitrite (ONOO*-).	Superoxides	46-48	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
14657004-9	2004	The results indicate that HIF-1alpha is stabilized by agents that produce NO and reduce ROS but destabilized by agents that increase ROS, including O2*- and ONOO*-.	Superoxides	148-150	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	26-36
14767991-3	2004	We examined how liver regeneration is affected by uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2), an inner mitochondrial membrane carrier that senses and negatively regulates superoxide production.	Superoxides	156-166	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	50-70
14698997-1	2004	Excess production of superoxide anion in response to angiotensin II plays a central role in the transduction of signal molecules and the regulation of vascular tone.	Superoxides	21-37	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	53-67
14767991-3	2004	We examined how liver regeneration is affected by uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2), an inner mitochondrial membrane carrier that senses and negatively regulates superoxide production.	Superoxides	156-166	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	72-76
14767997-5	2004	Chronic CYP2E1 overexpression led to increased extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) activation constitutively and in response to oxidant stress from the superoxide generator menadione.	Superoxides	167-177	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily E member 1	Homo sapiens	8-14
14767997-5	2004	Chronic CYP2E1 overexpression led to increased extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) activation constitutively and in response to oxidant stress from the superoxide generator menadione.	Superoxides	167-177	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	47-88
14767997-5	2004	Chronic CYP2E1 overexpression led to increased extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) activation constitutively and in response to oxidant stress from the superoxide generator menadione.	Superoxides	167-177	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	90-96
15106732-9	2004	The results suggest that protein tyrosine kinase participates in fMLP-mediated superoxide generation by HOT-treated human neutrophils.	Superoxides	79-89	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	65-69
14760150-1	2004	BACKGROUND: Functional polymorphisms in the genes encoding superoxide dismutases (SOD)-that is, superoxide scavenging antioxidant enzymes-may play an important role in the development of inflammatory airway diseases such as asthma.	Superoxides	59-69	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	82-85
15106732-4	2004	HOT significantly inhibited N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-induced superoxide generation in a concentration-dependent manner, but not that induced by arachidonic acid (AA).	Superoxides	83-93	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	69-73
14717942-7	2004	In a subgroup of patients using PS dialyzers, reuse itself was associated with higher fMLP-induced superoxide production.	Superoxides	99-109	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	86-90
14676270-1	2004	In neutrophils and other phagocytic cells, the small GTPase Rac is an essential regulator of a multi-component NADPH oxidase that produces high levels of superoxide, which kills invading pathogens.	Superoxides	154-164	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	60-63
14676270-2	2004	In many other cell types, Rac and newly discovered relatives of the neutrophil burst oxidase and its subunits have been found associated with production of reactive oxygen species, implicating superoxide production in a wide range of cellular processes not related to host defense.	Superoxides	193-203	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	26-29
14744631-2	2004	In serum-deprived human fibroblasts, exposure to 100 microM N-fMLP or 10 microM peptide W for 1 min induced both p47phox translocation and NADPH-dependent superoxide generation.	Superoxides	155-165	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	62-66
15218542-5	2004	Among many enzymatic systems that are capable of producing O(2)(*-), NAD(P)H oxidase and uncoupled endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) apparently are the main sources of O(2)(*-) in the endothelial cells.	Superoxides	59-63	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	124-128
14630727-10	2004	Treatment of cells with a superoxide anion scavenger (polyethylene glycol-superoxide dismutase) or IkappaB kinase inhibitor (prostaglandin A(1)) could prevent Hcy-induced activation of IKK kinases and NF-kappaB in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	26-42	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	201-210
14630727-11	2004	In conclusion, these results suggest that Hcy-induced superoxide anion production may play a potential role for NF-kappaB activation in the early stages of atherosclerosis in the vascular wall via activation of IkappaB kinases.	Superoxides	54-70	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	112-121
14699004-12	2004	Reduced SOD activity may reflect low superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	37-53	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	8-11
14706836-1	2004	Superoxide generated using exogenous xanthine oxidase indirectly activates an uncoupling protein (UCP)-mediated proton conductance of the mitochondrial inner membrane.	Superoxides	0-10	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	98-101
15218542-5	2004	Among many enzymatic systems that are capable of producing O(2)(*-), NAD(P)H oxidase and uncoupled endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) apparently are the main sources of O(2)(*-) in the endothelial cells.	Superoxides	165-169	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	124-128
15218542-6	2004	It seems that O(2)(*-) generated by NAD(P)H oxidase may trigger eNOS uncoupling and contribute to the endothelial balance between NO and O(2)(*-).	Superoxides	14-18	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	64-68
15218542-6	2004	It seems that O(2)(*-) generated by NAD(P)H oxidase may trigger eNOS uncoupling and contribute to the endothelial balance between NO and O(2)(*-).	Superoxides	137-141	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	64-68
12807699-1	2004	We tested the hypothesis that the NAD(P)H oxidase-dependent generation of superoxide anion (O2-*) mediates tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF)-induced alterations in the permeability of pulmonary microvessel endothelial monolayers (PMEM).	Superoxides	74-90	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	107-134
14749668-4	2004	Superoxide production by maternal neutrophils and donor neutrophils cultured with STBM from cases of preeclampsia was greater than controls (P values.006 and.019, respectively), and dose-response relationships were observed.	Superoxides	0-10	VANGL planar cell polarity protein 2	Homo sapiens	82-86
12807699-1	2004	We tested the hypothesis that the NAD(P)H oxidase-dependent generation of superoxide anion (O2-*) mediates tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF)-induced alterations in the permeability of pulmonary microvessel endothelial monolayers (PMEM).	Superoxides	74-90	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	136-139
12919935-1	2004	The aim of this study was to investigate the significance of two intracellular scavengers of nitric oxide (NO): 1) superoxide dismutase (SOD) (SOD2) to scavenge intramitochondrial superoxide anion, and 2) cytosolic myoglobin (Mb) in the regulation of tissue O2 consumption.	Superoxides	180-196	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	137-140
12919935-1	2004	The aim of this study was to investigate the significance of two intracellular scavengers of nitric oxide (NO): 1) superoxide dismutase (SOD) (SOD2) to scavenge intramitochondrial superoxide anion, and 2) cytosolic myoglobin (Mb) in the regulation of tissue O2 consumption.	Superoxides	180-196	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	143-147
12919935-1	2004	The aim of this study was to investigate the significance of two intracellular scavengers of nitric oxide (NO): 1) superoxide dismutase (SOD) (SOD2) to scavenge intramitochondrial superoxide anion, and 2) cytosolic myoglobin (Mb) in the regulation of tissue O2 consumption.	Superoxides	258-260	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	137-140
12919935-1	2004	The aim of this study was to investigate the significance of two intracellular scavengers of nitric oxide (NO): 1) superoxide dismutase (SOD) (SOD2) to scavenge intramitochondrial superoxide anion, and 2) cytosolic myoglobin (Mb) in the regulation of tissue O2 consumption.	Superoxides	258-260	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	143-147
12807699-1	2004	We tested the hypothesis that the NAD(P)H oxidase-dependent generation of superoxide anion (O2-*) mediates tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF)-induced alterations in the permeability of pulmonary microvessel endothelial monolayers (PMEM).	Superoxides	92-94	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	107-134
12807699-1	2004	We tested the hypothesis that the NAD(P)H oxidase-dependent generation of superoxide anion (O2-*) mediates tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF)-induced alterations in the permeability of pulmonary microvessel endothelial monolayers (PMEM).	Superoxides	92-94	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	136-139
12807699-6	2004	p22phox antisense oligonucleotide prevented the TNF-induced effect on p22phox, p47phox, O2-*, and permeability.	Superoxides	88-90	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	48-51
12807699-8	2004	The TNF-induced increase in O2-* and permeability to albumin was also prevented by the O2-* scavenger Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (100 U/ml).	Superoxides	28-30	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	4-7
12807699-8	2004	The TNF-induced increase in O2-* and permeability to albumin was also prevented by the O2-* scavenger Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (100 U/ml).	Superoxides	87-89	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	4-7
12807699-9	2004	The results indicate that the activation of NAD(P)H oxidase, via the generation of O2-*, mediates TNF-induced barrier dysfunction in PMEM.	Superoxides	83-85	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	98-101
14704595-3	2004	Ang II also indirectly facilitates transformation of macrophages and smooth muscle cells into foam cells by promoting superoxide radical formation (via NADP/NADPH oxidase stimulation).	Superoxides	118-128	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-6
16529174-1	2004	The aim of this study done in patients with periodontitis was (a) to determine superoxide anion production in whole blood by measuring cytochrome c reduction; (b) to assess the effects of oxidative burst in periodontal disease by analyzing lipid peroxidation and degradation of DNA bases in the peripheral and gingival blood; (c) to search for associations between superoxide anion production, lipid peroxidation, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine concentration and clinical parameters.	Superoxides	79-95	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	135-147
14667941-4	2004	Using the superoxide dismutase (SOD)-inhibitable cytochrome c reduction assay, we report here that the beta-adrenergic agonist, adrenaline at physiologic concentrations (5-100 nM) inhibited formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-stimulated but not phorbol-myristate-acetate (PMA)-stimulated PMN superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	301-317	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	49-61
14667941-5	2004	The inhibitory effect of adrenaline runs in parallel with an increase in intracellular levels of cAMP which was reversed by the protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor H-89, suggesting a role for PKA in mediating the inhibitory effect of adrenaline on fMLP-induced superoxide production.	Superoxides	258-268	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	245-249
14667941-8	2004	We suggest that adrenaline inhibits fMLP induced superoxide production upstream of the NADPH oxidase via a mechanism involving PKA and cPLA(2).	Superoxides	49-59	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	36-40
15777015-1	2004	The release of cytochrome c from mitochondria during apoptosis results in the enhanced production of superoxide radicals, which are converted to H2O2 by Mn-superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	101-120	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	15-27
14656912-9	2003	Angiotensin II increased lucigenin-detectable superoxide anion in LV tissue in a manner that was inhibited by bradykinin, AA, tempol, losartan, or apocynin.	Superoxides	46-62	kininogen 1	Canis lupus familiaris	110-120
15777017-2	2004	Superoxide-producing enzymes involved in increased oxidative stress within vascular tissue include NAD(P)H-oxidase, xanthine oxidase and endothelial nitric oxide synthase in an uncoupled state.	Superoxides	0-10	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	137-170
15901411-10	2004	It is suggested that light emission induced by the SIN1 cocktail results from the oxidation of SEL [IV] to the [VI] state, possibly due to the generation of mixtures of superoxide, peroxide, peroxynitrite and also of unidentified oxidant species, catalyzed by CoCo(2+).	Superoxides	169-179	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	51-55
14679228-7	2004	The rate of cytochrome c reduction was enhanced in the presence of O(2) suggesting that superoxide is a product of the interaction of reduced AfpA with O(2).	Superoxides	67-71	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	12-24
14679228-7	2004	The rate of cytochrome c reduction was enhanced in the presence of O(2) suggesting that superoxide is a product of the interaction of reduced AfpA with O(2).	Superoxides	88-98	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	12-24
14679228-7	2004	The rate of cytochrome c reduction was enhanced in the presence of O(2) suggesting that superoxide is a product of the interaction of reduced AfpA with O(2).	Superoxides	152-156	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	12-24
14657615-3	2004	Therefore, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of IL-1beta or NO on enzyme activity of NADPH oxidase (NOX), a superoxide-generating system recently documented to participate in a variety of vascular functions.	Superoxides	134-144	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	74-82
14718366-8	2004	These results also suggest that the mechanism of Ang II-mediated renal vascular action involves concomitant generation of O2-.	Superoxides	122-124	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	49-55
14694157-7	2004	Addition of the superoxide radical scavenger tempol restored the ability of bradykinin, enalaprilat, and amlodipine to suppress oxygen consumption in tissue from 23-mo-old animals to levels seen in younger animals, suggesting NO destruction by superoxide as the reason for decreased NO availability.	Superoxides	16-26	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	76-86
14694157-7	2004	Addition of the superoxide radical scavenger tempol restored the ability of bradykinin, enalaprilat, and amlodipine to suppress oxygen consumption in tissue from 23-mo-old animals to levels seen in younger animals, suggesting NO destruction by superoxide as the reason for decreased NO availability.	Superoxides	244-254	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	76-86
14989368-4	2004	Superoxides are believed to underlie many of the oxidative changes in hyperglycemic conditions, including increases in aldose reductase and protein kinase C activity.	Superoxides	0-11	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B	Homo sapiens	119-135
14706236-2	2004	The mev-1(kn1) mutants are hypersensitive to oxidative stress and age precociously, probably because of elevated superoxide anion production in mitochondria.	Superoxides	113-129	Succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial	Caenorhabditis elegans	4-9
12963085-2	2004	It has been proposed that Abeta induces death by oxidative stress, possibly through the generation of peroxynitrite from superoxide and nitric oxide.	Superoxides	121-131	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	26-31
15720822-5	2004	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and aminooxyacetate (AOA), a malate/aspartate shuttle inhibitor, strongly inhibited WST-1 reduction and reduced DCIP reduction by 40-60%, but failed to affect FeCN reduction, indicating involvement of mitochondrial TCA cycle-derived NADH and a possible role for superoxide in WST-1 but not FeCN reduction.	Superoxides	289-299	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
14962293-3	2004	The intracellular antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase-1 (Gpx-1) and copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZn SOD) detoxify peroxynitrite and superoxide, respectively.	Superoxides	87-97	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	109-117
14744014-2	2003	The oxidase, dormant in resting cells, becomes activated to produce superoxide, a precursor of microbicidal oxidants, by interacting with the adaptor proteins p47phox and p67phox as well as the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	68-78	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	207-210
12842815-3	2003	We have shown that the bicarbonate (HCO3-)-chloride anion exchange protein (AE2) expressed in the lung also exchanges O2-* for HCO3-.	Superoxides	118-120	solute carrier family 4 member 2	Rattus norvegicus	76-79
12842815-7	2003	Release of O2-* was also inhibited by an AE2 inhibitor (SITS) and abolished in normoxia by an NO synthase inhibitor (NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester).	Superoxides	11-13	solute carrier family 4 member 2	Rattus norvegicus	41-44
12842815-10	2003	These results indicate that O2-* produced by endothelial NOS in normoxia and unidentified sources in hypoxia regulate pulmonary vascular tone via AE2.	Superoxides	28-30	solute carrier family 4 member 2	Rattus norvegicus	146-149
12919932-6	2003	Second, based on ligation-mediated PCR, the pattern of angiotensin II-induced DNA damage resembles peroxynitritemediated damage rather than damage caused by either superoxide or nitric oxide.	Superoxides	164-174	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	55-69
12958047-8	2003	Ox-LDL, Ang II, and TNF-alpha each enhanced intracellular superoxide radical generation, and pioglitazone pretreatment reduced superoxide generation (P&lt;0.01 versus ox-LDL, Ang II, or TNF-alpha).	Superoxides	58-76	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	8-14
14588154-4	2003	In vascular smooth muscle cells, activation of the NADPH oxidases and the subsequent formation of O(2) .- has been demonstrated for various agents including angiotensin II, thrombin, lysophosphatidylcholine, and tumor necrosis factor alpha.	Superoxides	98-104	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	157-171
14588154-4	2003	In vascular smooth muscle cells, activation of the NADPH oxidases and the subsequent formation of O(2) .- has been demonstrated for various agents including angiotensin II, thrombin, lysophosphatidylcholine, and tumor necrosis factor alpha.	Superoxides	98-104	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	173-181
14588154-4	2003	In vascular smooth muscle cells, activation of the NADPH oxidases and the subsequent formation of O(2) .- has been demonstrated for various agents including angiotensin II, thrombin, lysophosphatidylcholine, and tumor necrosis factor alpha.	Superoxides	98-104	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	212-239
14588154-5	2003	By influencing the activity of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and AKT, NADPH oxidase-derived O(2) .- increases the expression of several pro-arteriosclerotic genes, such as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, tissue factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor.	Superoxides	99-103	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	31-34
14588154-5	2003	By influencing the activity of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and AKT, NADPH oxidase-derived O(2) .- increases the expression of several pro-arteriosclerotic genes, such as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, tissue factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor.	Superoxides	99-103	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	72-75
14588154-5	2003	By influencing the activity of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and AKT, NADPH oxidase-derived O(2) .- increases the expression of several pro-arteriosclerotic genes, such as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, tissue factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor.	Superoxides	99-103	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	234-268
12958047-8	2003	Ox-LDL, Ang II, and TNF-alpha each enhanced intracellular superoxide radical generation, and pioglitazone pretreatment reduced superoxide generation (P&lt;0.01 versus ox-LDL, Ang II, or TNF-alpha).	Superoxides	58-76	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	20-29
12958047-8	2003	Ox-LDL, Ang II, and TNF-alpha each enhanced intracellular superoxide radical generation, and pioglitazone pretreatment reduced superoxide generation (P&lt;0.01 versus ox-LDL, Ang II, or TNF-alpha).	Superoxides	58-68	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	8-14
12958047-8	2003	Ox-LDL, Ang II, and TNF-alpha each enhanced intracellular superoxide radical generation, and pioglitazone pretreatment reduced superoxide generation (P&lt;0.01 versus ox-LDL, Ang II, or TNF-alpha).	Superoxides	58-68	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	20-29
12958047-12	2003	CONCLUSIONS: These observations suggest that the PPAR-gamma ligand pioglitazone reduces intracellular superoxide radical generation and subsequently reduces the expression of transcription factors, expression of the LOX-1 gene, and monocyte adhesion to activated endothelium.	Superoxides	102-120	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	49-59
14769150-5	2003	IFN-gamma (100 U/ml) and TNF-alpha (1000 U/ml) also caused a significant increase in superoxide release by HL-60 clone 15 cells after 2 days compared with control or with butyric acid-induced cells.	Superoxides	85-95	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-9
14597645-0	2003	Role of superoxide in modulating the renal effects of angiotensin II.	Superoxides	8-18	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	54-68
14597645-1	2003	Angiotensin II is known to stimulate NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide (O2-) generation, which may contribute to the acute renal vasoconstrictor and antinatriuretic actions of this peptide.	Superoxides	61-71	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
14597645-1	2003	Angiotensin II is known to stimulate NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide (O2-) generation, which may contribute to the acute renal vasoconstrictor and antinatriuretic actions of this peptide.	Superoxides	73-75	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
14597645-10	2003	These results indicate that some of the acute renal effects of angiotensin II may be enhanced by an increased NADPH oxidase-derived O2- production that reduces renal NO bioavailability.	Superoxides	132-134	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	63-77
14679178-6	2003	This study demonstrates that endogenously produced mitochondrial superoxide activates UCP2-mediated proton leak, thus lowering ATP levels and impairing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.	Superoxides	65-75	insulin	Homo sapiens	171-178
14679182-9	2003	These results prove the novel concept that endothelial Cu,Zn-SOD plays an important role as an "EDHF synthase" in mice, in addition to its classical role to scavenge superoxide anions.	Superoxides	166-183	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	55-64
14641051-1	2003	Generation of DeltaPsi (membrane potential) by cytochrome oxidase proteoliposomes oxidizing superoxide-reduced cytochrome c has been demonstrated.	Superoxides	92-102	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	111-123
14641051-8	2003	These data and the results of some other researchers can be rationalized as follows: (1) O(2) accepts an electron to form superoxide; (2) cytochrome c oxidizes superoxide back to O(2); (3) an electron removed from the reduced cytochrome c is transferred to O(2) by cytochrome oxidase in a manner that generates Deltamicro(H(+)) (transmembrane difference in electrochemical H(+) potential).	Superoxides	122-132	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	138-150
14641051-8	2003	These data and the results of some other researchers can be rationalized as follows: (1) O(2) accepts an electron to form superoxide; (2) cytochrome c oxidizes superoxide back to O(2); (3) an electron removed from the reduced cytochrome c is transferred to O(2) by cytochrome oxidase in a manner that generates Deltamicro(H(+)) (transmembrane difference in electrochemical H(+) potential).	Superoxides	122-132	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	226-238
14641051-8	2003	These data and the results of some other researchers can be rationalized as follows: (1) O(2) accepts an electron to form superoxide; (2) cytochrome c oxidizes superoxide back to O(2); (3) an electron removed from the reduced cytochrome c is transferred to O(2) by cytochrome oxidase in a manner that generates Deltamicro(H(+)) (transmembrane difference in electrochemical H(+) potential).	Superoxides	160-170	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	138-150
14641051-8	2003	These data and the results of some other researchers can be rationalized as follows: (1) O(2) accepts an electron to form superoxide; (2) cytochrome c oxidizes superoxide back to O(2); (3) an electron removed from the reduced cytochrome c is transferred to O(2) by cytochrome oxidase in a manner that generates Deltamicro(H(+)) (transmembrane difference in electrochemical H(+) potential).	Superoxides	160-170	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	226-238
14641051-9	2003	Thus cytochrome c mediates a process of superoxide removal, resulting in regeneration of O(2) and utilization of the electron involved previously in the O(2) reduction.	Superoxides	40-50	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	5-17
14641051-9	2003	Thus cytochrome c mediates a process of superoxide removal, resulting in regeneration of O(2) and utilization of the electron involved previously in the O(2) reduction.	Superoxides	89-93	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	5-17
14641051-9	2003	Thus cytochrome c mediates a process of superoxide removal, resulting in regeneration of O(2) and utilization of the electron involved previously in the O(2) reduction.	Superoxides	153-157	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	5-17
14984014-9	2003	These data suggest that an increase in ONOO- as a result of an increase in the production of O2*-, may feedback to inhibit 5-HT-induced eNOS phosphorylation at Ser1179 and therefore, contribute to endothelial dysfunction associated with cardiovascular diseases.	Superoxides	93-95	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	136-140
14717337-2	2003	Studies in animal models indicate that angiotensin II increases superoxide anion production by vascular tissues.	Superoxides	64-80	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	39-53
14717337-3	2003	We examined whether angiotensin II attenuates endothelium-dependent vasodilation via an increase in superoxide anion production in human forearm vessels in vivo.	Superoxides	100-116	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	20-34
14717337-10	2003	Thus, angiotensin II likely attenuates endothelium-dependent vasodilation via an increase of superoxide anion production in the human forearm in vivo.	Superoxides	93-109	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	6-20
14769871-0	2003	Possible involvement of optimally phosphorylated L-plastin in activation of superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	76-86	lymphocyte cytosolic protein 1	Homo sapiens	49-58
14679173-3	2003	A new study demonstrates that hyperglycemia-induced mitochondrial superoxide production activates uncoupling protein 2, which decreases the ATP/ADP ratio and thus reduces the insulin-secretory response.	Superoxides	66-76	insulin	Homo sapiens	175-182
14769150-5	2003	IFN-gamma (100 U/ml) and TNF-alpha (1000 U/ml) also caused a significant increase in superoxide release by HL-60 clone 15 cells after 2 days compared with control or with butyric acid-induced cells.	Superoxides	85-95	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	25-34
14674687-5	2003	26 min is longer than the period length of 24 min for the usual constitutive (CNOX) ECTO-NOX proteins of the cell surface and sera which neither generate superoxide nor reduce ferricytochrome c. The aging-related ECTO-NOX protein (arNOX) provides a mechanism to transmit cell surface oxidative changes to surrounding cells and circulating lipoproteins potentially important to atherogenesis.	Superoxides	154-164	ecto-NOX disulfide-thiol exchanger 1	Homo sapiens	78-82
14652649-3	2003	When stimulated with the calcium-ionophore A23187, platelet activating factor (PAF) or the microbial agent n-formyl-Methionyl-Leucyl-Phenylalanine (fMLP), significantly increased release of elastase and superoxide anion was noted in both groups with pulmonary hypertension.	Superoxides	203-219	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	148-152
14615576-1	2003	Human extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD; EC 1.15.1.1) is a scavenger of superoxide anions in the extracellular space.	Superoxides	81-98	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	6-40
14615576-1	2003	Human extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD; EC 1.15.1.1) is a scavenger of superoxide anions in the extracellular space.	Superoxides	81-98	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	42-48
14522134-10	2003	The non-selective PKC inhibitors, staurosporine and Ro31-8220, significantly reduced histamine-induced superoxide production.	Superoxides	103-113	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	18-21
14616239-6	2003	Given that this HIF-1-mediated action is associated with local redox status, evidence is presented to indicate that reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially superoxide (O) is importantly involved in HIF-1-mediated molecular adaptation in renal medullary cells.	Superoxides	158-168	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	16-21
14616239-6	2003	Given that this HIF-1-mediated action is associated with local redox status, evidence is presented to indicate that reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially superoxide (O) is importantly involved in HIF-1-mediated molecular adaptation in renal medullary cells.	Superoxides	158-168	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	200-205
12837686-0	2003	Angiotensin II mediates LDL-induced superoxide generation in mesangial cells.	Superoxides	36-46	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
14530871-11	2003	Furthermore, priming effects and triggering effects of TPO on the production of superoxide metabolites from peripheral blood neutrophils were not observed.	Superoxides	80-90	thrombopoietin	Homo sapiens	55-58
14556086-14	2003	Superoxide production probably contributed to the impaired dilation to Ach since treatment with SOD/catalase improved dilation.	Superoxides	0-10	catalase	Canis lupus familiaris	100-108
12894215-0	2003	Decrease in intracellular superoxide sensitizes Bcl-2-overexpressing tumor cells to receptor and drug-induced apoptosis independent of the mitochondria.	Superoxides	26-36	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	48-53
12894215-3	2003	Moreover, Bcl-2 overexpression resulted in a slightly elevated constitutive level of superoxide anion and pH in CEM leukemia cells.	Superoxides	85-101	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	10-15
12894215-4	2003	Interestingly, decreasing intracellular superoxide concentration with an inhibitor of the beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase or by transient transfection with a dominant-negative form of the guanosine triphosphate-binding protein Rac1 resulted in a significant increase in the sensitivity of CEM/Bcl-2 cells to CD95- or merocil-induced apoptosis.	Superoxides	40-50	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	318-323
14499342-7	2003	Inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activity by PD98059 attenuated superoxide release and chemotaxis, and simultaneous treatment with SB203580 and PD98059 demonstrated additive inhibition.	Superoxides	89-99	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	14-51
14499342-7	2003	Inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activity by PD98059 attenuated superoxide release and chemotaxis, and simultaneous treatment with SB203580 and PD98059 demonstrated additive inhibition.	Superoxides	89-99	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	53-56
12975388-0	2003	In salt-sensitive hypertension, increased superoxide production is linked to functional upregulation of angiotensin II.	Superoxides	42-52	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	104-118
12975388-12	2003	Thus, SS hypertension might represent a specific vascular diathesis linked to functional upregulation of Ang II action (increased O2- synthesis) accompanied by insufficient NO bioavailability, which promotes severe endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	130-132	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	105-111
14517226-0	2003	Endothelin-1 stimulates arterial VCAM-1 expression via NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide in mineralocorticoid hypertension.	Superoxides	77-87	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-12
14517226-3	2003	This study tested the hypothesis that ET-1 augments arterial VCAM-1 expression through NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide (O2-).	Superoxides	109-119	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	38-42
14517226-3	2003	This study tested the hypothesis that ET-1 augments arterial VCAM-1 expression through NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide (O2-).	Superoxides	121-123	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	38-42
14517226-8	2003	The results of this study indicate that ET-1 stimulates arterial VCAM-1 expression by producing O2- from an ETA receptor/NADPH oxidase pathway in low-renin mineralocorticoid hypertension.	Superoxides	96-98	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	40-44
14654755-3	2003	Extracellular superoxide was measured using cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	14-24	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	44-56
14644319-2	2003	The immediate products of such reactions, superoxide anion radicals and hydrogen peroxide can be metabolised by enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), respectively, and depending on its concentration by Vitamin C (Vit C).	Superoxides	42-67	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	128-148
14502568-6	2003	The simultaneous donor of O(2) (-) and NO, SIN-1 (500 microM), also stimulated basal I(Ca) (22.8 +/- 2.1%, n = 13).	Superoxides	26-30	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	43-48
12960242-7	2003	Neutrophils spontaneously produced NO whose production was not increased, but rather decreased by nicotine stimulation, suggesting that superoxide, produced by nicotine, generates peroxynitrite by reacting with preformed NO, which enhances the NF-kappaB activity, thereby producing IL-8.	Superoxides	136-146	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	244-253
12960242-7	2003	Neutrophils spontaneously produced NO whose production was not increased, but rather decreased by nicotine stimulation, suggesting that superoxide, produced by nicotine, generates peroxynitrite by reacting with preformed NO, which enhances the NF-kappaB activity, thereby producing IL-8.	Superoxides	136-146	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	282-286
14644319-2	2003	The immediate products of such reactions, superoxide anion radicals and hydrogen peroxide can be metabolised by enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), respectively, and depending on its concentration by Vitamin C (Vit C).	Superoxides	42-67	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	150-153
14644319-2	2003	The immediate products of such reactions, superoxide anion radicals and hydrogen peroxide can be metabolised by enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), respectively, and depending on its concentration by Vitamin C (Vit C).	Superoxides	42-67	catalase	Homo sapiens	159-167
14644319-2	2003	The immediate products of such reactions, superoxide anion radicals and hydrogen peroxide can be metabolised by enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), respectively, and depending on its concentration by Vitamin C (Vit C).	Superoxides	42-67	catalase	Homo sapiens	169-172
14644319-8	2003	The variable responses with SOD indicate a lesser involvement of superoxide anion radicals due to SOD-mediated conversion of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide generally causing a lower level of DNA damage than other ROS.	Superoxides	65-90	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	28-31
14644319-8	2003	The variable responses with SOD indicate a lesser involvement of superoxide anion radicals due to SOD-mediated conversion of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide generally causing a lower level of DNA damage than other ROS.	Superoxides	65-90	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	98-101
14644319-8	2003	The variable responses with SOD indicate a lesser involvement of superoxide anion radicals due to SOD-mediated conversion of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide generally causing a lower level of DNA damage than other ROS.	Superoxides	65-75	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	28-31
14644319-8	2003	The variable responses with SOD indicate a lesser involvement of superoxide anion radicals due to SOD-mediated conversion of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide generally causing a lower level of DNA damage than other ROS.	Superoxides	65-75	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	98-101
14551246-5	2003	Left ventricular (LV) ASK1 was activated by Ang II infusion in wild-type mice, which was mediated by angiotensin II type 1 receptor and superoxide.	Superoxides	136-146	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	44-50
14521919-6	2003	The expressions of p67 and p47(phox) were reduced by the addition of apocynin, aminoguanidine or ONO 1714 whereas xanthine oxidase and cyclooxygenase did not have a major role in superoxide production.	Superoxides	179-189	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	19-22
14500337-7	2003	Vascular NAD(P)H oxidase expression (nox1, nox4, gp91phox, and p22phox) and endothelial production of superoxide anions were markedly increased by angiotensin II, both of which were also significantly suppressed by fasudil.	Superoxides	102-119	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	147-161
12943965-6	2003	In the presence of 20 microM carotenoid cleavage products, inhibition of superoxide production was accompanied by DNA fragmentation and increased level of intracellular caspase-3 activity.	Superoxides	73-83	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	169-178
14530369-4	2003	We found that superoxide production elicited by FMLP in Vav1(-/-) murine neutrophils isolated from either bone marrow or from peritoneal exudates was substantially reduced compared with that of wild type.	Superoxides	14-24	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
14556853-4	2003	We also show that menadione, a superoxide anion generator and a highly reactive electrophile, operates both modes of Yap1 activation.	Superoxides	31-47	DNA-binding transcription factor YAP1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	117-121
14556853-6	2003	We propose that Yap1 has two distinct molecular redox centers, one triggered by ROS (hydroperoxides and the superoxide anion) and the other by chemicals with thiol reactivity (electrophiles and divalent heavy metals cations).	Superoxides	108-124	DNA-binding transcription factor YAP1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	16-20
14556858-3	2003	Glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and center o of complex III in the presence of antimycin had the greatest maximum capacities to generate superoxide on the cytosolic side of the inner membrane.	Superoxides	140-150	Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	0-34
14556858-7	2003	There was a high rate of superoxide production with sn-glycerol 3-phosphate as substrate; two-thirds mostly from glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase on the cytosolic side and one-third on the matrix side from complex I following reverse electron transport.	Superoxides	25-35	Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	113-147
14530346-0	2003	Dual phosphorylation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase adaptor Grb2-associated binder 2 is responsible for superoxide formation synergistically stimulated by Fc gamma and formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine receptors in differentiated THP-1 cells.	Superoxides	102-112	GRB2 associated binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	58-82
14530346-2	2003	The heterodimeric PI 3-kinase is also activated by G protein-coupled chemotactic fMLP receptors, and activation of the lipid kinase plays an important role in various immune responses, including superoxide formation in neutrophils.	Superoxides	195-205	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	81-85
14530346-3	2003	Although fMLP-induced superoxide formation is markedly enhanced in FcgammaRII-primed neutrophils, the molecular mechanisms remain poorly characterized.	Superoxides	22-32	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	9-13
14530346-8	2003	Enhanced superoxide formation in response to Fcgamma and fMLP was markedly attenuated when the Gab2 Ser/Thr phosphorylation was inhibited.	Superoxides	9-19	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	57-61
14530346-8	2003	Enhanced superoxide formation in response to Fcgamma and fMLP was markedly attenuated when the Gab2 Ser/Thr phosphorylation was inhibited.	Superoxides	9-19	GRB2 associated binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	95-99
14530346-9	2003	These results show the importance of the dual phosphorylation of PI 3-kinase adaptor Gab2 for the enhanced superoxide formation in neutrophil-type cells.	Superoxides	107-117	GRB2 associated binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	85-89
14504187-10	2003	By increasing both superoxide and inducible NO synthase, CRP resulted in increased nitration of PGIS by peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	19-29	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	57-60
14504187-10	2003	By increasing both superoxide and inducible NO synthase, CRP resulted in increased nitration of PGIS by peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	19-29	prostaglandin I2 synthase	Homo sapiens	96-100
12871978-3	2003	The copper-zinc-containing SOD (SOD1) acts as a major defense against ROS by detoxifying the superoxide anion.	Superoxides	93-109	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	32-36
14510783-4	2003	Enhancement by Ang II was inhibited by the AT1 antagonist, Losartan, and the superoxide scavenger, Tempol.	Superoxides	77-87	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	15-21
14510783-12	2003	We suggest that Ang II facilitates autoregulation by a tubuloglomerular feedback-dependent mechanism through AT1 receptor-mediated depletion of nitric oxide, probably by stimulating generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	196-206	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	16-22
12958025-0	2003	Rac regulates cardiovascular superoxide through diverse molecular interactions: more than a binary GTP switch.	Superoxides	29-39	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
12958025-2	2003	Rac has two major functions: 1) it regulates the organization of the actin cytoskeleton, and 2) it controls the activity of the key enzyme complex NADPH oxidase to control superoxide production in both phagocytes and nonphagocytic cells.	Superoxides	172-182	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
12958025-3	2003	In phagocytes, superoxide derived from NADPH has a bactericidal function, whereas Rac-derived superoxide in the cardiovascular system has a diverse array of functions that have recently been a subject of intense interest.	Superoxides	94-104	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	82-85
14500156-4	2003	Priming (by lysophosphatidic acid [LPA]) and activation (by N-formylmethionine-leucyl-phenylalanine) of superoxide release by isolated human neutrophils was studied by using a cytochrome c-reduction assay.	Superoxides	104-114	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	176-188
13679077-0	2003	8-Nitroxanthine, a product of myeloperoxidase, peroxynitrite, and activated human neutrophils, enhances generation of superoxide by xanthine oxidase.	Superoxides	118-128	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	30-45
14642909-2	2003	CNTs-PME was used to study electrochemical properties of superoxide anion in aprotic media.	Superoxides	57-73	cystatin B	Homo sapiens	5-8
14565769-7	2003	SIN-1-induced formation of AUXN is considered to be a superoxide-mediated reaction, while the structure of EPOX points to a two electron oxidation reaction involving a Michael type addition with peroxynitrite as the nucleophile, followed by cyclization yielding a (1,2)-dioxepin-5-one ring structure.	Superoxides	54-64	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
14563429-8	2003	CONCLUSIONS: Activated Kupffer cells, which produce superoxide anions, are involved in Con A-induced hepatic necro-inflammation in mice possibly through the activation of Th1-associated immune response mediated by CD4 and/or CXCR3 positive cells recruited into the liver.	Superoxides	52-69	negative elongation factor complex member C/D, Th1l	Mus musculus	171-174
12874096-3	2003	Endothelin-1 (5 pmol/kg per minute) was chronically infused into the jugular vein by use of mini-osmotic pump for 9 days in male Sprague-Dawley rats and in rats treated with the superoxide anion scavenger tempol (30 mg/kg per day).	Superoxides	178-194	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-12
12913063-2	2003	Superoxide anion accumulation has been reported in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertension, in which endothelin-1 plays an important role in cardiovascular damage.	Superoxides	0-16	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	114-126
12946449-6	2003	Superoxide generation was measured by the cytochrome c reduction method.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	42-54
12946449-10	2003	Although FMLP- or OZ-induced superoxide generation and elastase release were not affected by the addition of COX-2 inhibitor, cytokine release such as interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6 and IL-8 was significantly inhibited by high concentration of COX-2 inhibitor, but tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) was partially attenuated.	Superoxides	29-39	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	9-13
12975384-1	2003	The source of superoxide (O2*-) production and cell-to-cell interactions of O2*- and nitric oxide (NO) in response to angiotensin II (AngII) were studied by fluorescence microscopic techniques to image rat renal outer medullary microtissue strips.	Superoxides	76-78	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	118-132
12975384-1	2003	The source of superoxide (O2*-) production and cell-to-cell interactions of O2*- and nitric oxide (NO) in response to angiotensin II (AngII) were studied by fluorescence microscopic techniques to image rat renal outer medullary microtissue strips.	Superoxides	76-78	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	134-139
12975384-3	2003	AngII (1 micromol/L) significantly increased O2*- in the isolated, medullary thick ascending limb (mTAL).	Superoxides	45-49	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
12975384-6	2003	However, AngII did increase O2*- when the tissue strips were preincubated with the NO scavenger 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (carboxy-PTIO), indicating that cross-talk of O2*- from mTAL to the VR occurred but was normally inhibited by NO.	Superoxides	28-30	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	9-14
12957441-3	2003	The plausible mechanisms are that angiotensin II promotes superoxide anion generation, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and impaired fibrinolysis.	Superoxides	58-74	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	34-48
14499878-3	2003	In addition, we investigated the effect of angiotensin II (ANG II) on O(2)(-) production via activation of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	70-77	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	43-57
14499878-3	2003	In addition, we investigated the effect of angiotensin II (ANG II) on O(2)(-) production via activation of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	70-77	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	59-65
14499878-13	2003	Although it is not clear which mechanisms are responsible for the increase in NADPH oxidase activity, a role for ANG II-mediated superoxide production via activation of NADPH oxidase is suggested.	Superoxides	129-139	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	113-119
14527082-6	2003	CYP2E1 is also an effective generator of reactive oxygen species such as the superoxide anion radical and hydrogen peroxide, and in the presence of iron catalysts, produces powerful oxidants such as the hydroxyl radical.	Superoxides	77-101	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily E member 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
12885792-0	2003	NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide augments endothelin-1-induced venoconstriction in mineralocorticoid hypertension.	Superoxides	22-32	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	42-54
12885792-2	2003	We have recently reported that the arterial endothelin-1 (ET-1) level is increased, resulting in NADPH oxidase activation and superoxide generation.	Superoxides	126-136	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	44-56
12885792-2	2003	We have recently reported that the arterial endothelin-1 (ET-1) level is increased, resulting in NADPH oxidase activation and superoxide generation.	Superoxides	126-136	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	58-62
12885792-3	2003	However, the effect of ET-1 on venous superoxide production and its relation to venoconstriction are unknown.	Superoxides	38-48	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	23-27
12885792-4	2003	The present study tested the hypotheses that ET-1 stimulates venous NADPH oxidase and superoxide via its ET(A) receptors, resulting in enhanced venoconstriction in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats.	Superoxides	86-96	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	45-49
12885792-5	2003	Treatment with ET-1 (0.01 to 1 nmol/L), but not the selective ET(B) receptor agonist sarafotoxin s6c, of vena cavas of normal rats concentration-dependently increased superoxide levels, an effect that was abolished by the selective ET(A) receptor antagonist ABT-627.	Superoxides	167-177	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	15-19
12885792-7	2003	Moreover, ET-1 treatment (10(-9) mol/L, 10 minutes) of isolated vena cavas further elevated superoxide levels in DOCA-salt rats only but not sham rats, an effect that was abrogated by the superoxide scavenger tempol.	Superoxides	92-102	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	10-14
12885792-7	2003	Moreover, ET-1 treatment (10(-9) mol/L, 10 minutes) of isolated vena cavas further elevated superoxide levels in DOCA-salt rats only but not sham rats, an effect that was abrogated by the superoxide scavenger tempol.	Superoxides	188-198	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	10-14
12885792-11	2003	These results suggest that superoxide contributes to ET-1-induced venoconstriction through an elevated venous NADPH oxidase activity in mineralocorticoid hypertension.	Superoxides	27-37	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	53-57
14604470-2	2003	RP-1, under in-vitro conditions dose-dependently chelated metal ions, inhibited radiation or metal ion-induced hydroxyl radicals and lipid peroxidation and scavenged superoxide anions.	Superoxides	166-183	retinitis pigmentosa 1 (human)	Mus musculus	0-4
12967769-5	2003	Thus, at low concentrations of L-arginine iNOS produces both NO and superoxide anions, which results in the increased synthesis of the highly reactive, detrimental oxidant peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	68-85	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	42-46
12914802-1	2003	Angiotensin II (ANG II)-induced interleukin (IL)-6 synthesis requires NAD(P)H-oxidase-derived superoxide anions.	Superoxides	94-111	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	16-22
12815175-0	2003	Inhibition of small-conductance Cl- channels by the interleukin-1beta-stimulated production of superoxide in rabbit gastric parietal cells.	Superoxides	95-105	interleukin-1 beta	Oryctolagus cuniculus	52-69
12815175-5	2003	The IL-1beta (1 ng ml-1)-induced decrease of the Cl- current was abolished by anti-IL-1beta antibody (2 microg ml-1), recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist (500 ng ml-1), GDPbetaS (500 microM) and superoxide dismutase (100 units ml-1), a scavenger of O2-.	Superoxides	250-252	interleukin-1 beta	Oryctolagus cuniculus	4-12
12815175-5	2003	The IL-1beta (1 ng ml-1)-induced decrease of the Cl- current was abolished by anti-IL-1beta antibody (2 microg ml-1), recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist (500 ng ml-1), GDPbetaS (500 microM) and superoxide dismutase (100 units ml-1), a scavenger of O2-.	Superoxides	250-252	interleukin-1 beta	Oryctolagus cuniculus	83-91
12815175-10	2003	These results indicate that IL-1beta binds to the IL-1 receptor of gastric parietal cells and inhibits the small-conductance Cl- channel via the G protein-mediated Rho/Rho-kinase-dependent production of O2-.	Superoxides	203-205	interleukin-1 beta	Oryctolagus cuniculus	28-36
14520547-3	2003	We, therefore investigated if vasospasm, can be prevented by a novel, stable, and cell permeable SOD mimetic, MnTBAP [Mn(III) tetrakis (4-benzoic acid) porphyrin] which permeates the biological membranes and scavenges superoxide anions and peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	218-235	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	97-100
14520547-12	2003	INTERPRETATION: These results suggest that this SOD mimetic (MnTBAP) attenuates delayed cerebral vasoconstriction following experimental SAH and that superoxide anions have a role in the pathogenesis of vasospasm after SAH.	Superoxides	150-167	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	48-51
12626343-1	2003	Peroxynitrite, formed by nitric oxide and superoxide, has been shown to nitrate and reduce the function of proinflammatory proteins such as interleukin (IL)-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and eotaxin, but in contrast, to enhance the function of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in reducing IL-1 release from blood monocytes.	Superoxides	42-52	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	140-158
12894019-11	2003	Intracellular killing of bacteria increased markedly (P = 0.026) and superoxide generation was enhanced upon exposure to HTS (775.78 +/- 23.6 vs. 696.57 +/- 42.2, P = 0.017) despite inhibition of MAP kinase and NFkappaB activation.	Superoxides	69-79	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	211-219
12975384-6	2003	However, AngII did increase O2*- when the tissue strips were preincubated with the NO scavenger 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (carboxy-PTIO), indicating that cross-talk of O2*- from mTAL to the VR occurred but was normally inhibited by NO.	Superoxides	208-210	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	9-14
12975384-8	2003	We conclude that AngII stimulates O2*- production in mTAL via the NAD(P)H oxidase pathway and that interactions of O2*- and NO ultimately determine the effectiveness of in situ free-radical cross-talk between the mTAL and the VR.	Superoxides	34-36	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	17-22
14513297-11	2003	On Chr 3, resistance segregated with a marker between previously described Idd loci and coinciding with an independently mapped locus conferring a suppressed superoxide burst by ALR neutrophils (Susp).	Superoxides	158-168	growth factor, augmenter of liver regeneration	Mus musculus	178-181
14505347-4	2003	Taken together, hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) rather than superoxide anion (O(2) (*-)) acts as a second messenger of metabolic oxidative stress to activate the ASK1-MAPK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) kinase (MEK)-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction pathway.	Superoxides	39-43	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	221-224
14523042-4	2003	Both the hyperglycemia-induced decrease in activity of GAPDH and its poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation were prevented by overexpression of either uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) or manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), which decrease hyperglycemia-induced superoxide.	Superoxides	177-187	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	199-204
12866025-7	2003	Scavenging of mitochondrial superoxide anions by NO prevents the downregulation of bcl-X(L), the depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential, the cytochrome c release and finally the activation of caspase-3.	Superoxides	28-45	BCL2 like 1	Homo sapiens	83-91
12866025-7	2003	Scavenging of mitochondrial superoxide anions by NO prevents the downregulation of bcl-X(L), the depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential, the cytochrome c release and finally the activation of caspase-3.	Superoxides	28-45	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	157-169
12866025-7	2003	Scavenging of mitochondrial superoxide anions by NO prevents the downregulation of bcl-X(L), the depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential, the cytochrome c release and finally the activation of caspase-3.	Superoxides	28-45	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	208-217
12866025-8	2003	In conclusion, NO effectively inhibits apoptosis by scavenging superoxide anions generated in the mitochondria of p53 mutant cells and thereby prevents the downregulation of the antiapoptotic factor bcl-X(L), which controls the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.	Superoxides	63-80	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	114-117
12941305-1	2003	Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is an abundant metalloenzyme important in scavenging superoxide ions.	Superoxides	6-16	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	28-32
13679868-5	2003	Taken together, these results demonstrate that there are at least two distinct apoptotic pathways: one dependent on O2-, which is induced by 2ME2 and is associated with release of cyto c and Smac; and the other an independent of O2-, which is triggered by Dex and associated with Smac release.	Superoxides	116-118	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	180-186
12957657-4	2003	Overexpression of catalase or superoxide dismutase suggested that Fas induced production of both superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	97-113	catalase	Homo sapiens	18-26
12925450-1	2003	BACKGROUND: We recently reported that arterial superoxide (O2-) is augmented by increased endothelin-1 (ET-1) in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertension, a model of low renin hypertension.	Superoxides	47-57	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	90-102
12925450-1	2003	BACKGROUND: We recently reported that arterial superoxide (O2-) is augmented by increased endothelin-1 (ET-1) in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertension, a model of low renin hypertension.	Superoxides	59-61	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	90-102
12927819-8	2003	Thus, exposure of endothelial cells to Ang II causes a complex response involving generation of superoxide anion, which may be involved in DNA damage.	Superoxides	96-112	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	39-45
12944259-6	2003	The simulations show that electrostatic interactions depress the rate of superoxide association with myeloperoxidase, bringing it into the range necessary for oscillatory behavior in activated neutrophils.	Superoxides	73-83	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	101-116
12944259-7	2003	Such negative electrostatic steering of enzyme-substrate association presents a novel control mechanism and lies in sharp contrast to the electrostatically-steered fast association of superoxide and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase, which is also simulated here.	Superoxides	184-194	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	199-225
14500388-10	2003	We conclude that inhibition of NQO(1) increases intracellular O(2)(.-) production and inhibits the in vitro malignant phenotype of pancreatic cancer.	Superoxides	62-66	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	31-37
12968068-1	2003	Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is an abundant metalloenzyme important in scavenging superoxide ions.	Superoxides	7-17	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	29-33
12933833-7	2003	Interestingly, casein-elicited PMNs from iNOS(-/-) mice released more superoxide than did WT PMNs when stimulated with P. gingivalis.	Superoxides	70-80	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	41-45
12928414-3	2003	This increased TNFR expression correlated with an increase in TNF-induced superoxide production.	Superoxides	74-84	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	15-18
12920210-12	2003	We also found that ERK-mediated cytosolic PLA2 activity is essential for superoxide generation.	Superoxides	73-83	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	19-22
12920210-12	2003	We also found that ERK-mediated cytosolic PLA2 activity is essential for superoxide generation.	Superoxides	73-83	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	42-46
12788981-2	2003	Enzymatic scavenging of O2*- is carried out by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	24-26	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	47-67
12788981-2	2003	Enzymatic scavenging of O2*- is carried out by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	24-26	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	69-72
12788981-13	2003	In summary, SOD produces endothelium-dependent pulmonary vascular relaxation by protecting nitric oxide from destruction by O2*-.	Superoxides	124-126	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	12-15
12748170-3	2003	A further consequence of cytochrome c release is the enhanced mitochondrial production of superoxide radicals (O2.	Superoxides	90-109	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	25-37
12748170-3	2003	A further consequence of cytochrome c release is the enhanced mitochondrial production of superoxide radicals (O2.	Superoxides	111-113	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	25-37
12934716-1	2003	The transcription of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), expression of which is essential for detoxification of superoxide radicals from mitochondria, has been shown to be regulated in vitro by many factors and conditions including oxidative stress, cytokines, lipopolysaccharide, cytoplasmic myc (c-myc), p53 and tumour necrosis factors.	Superoxides	31-41	p53	Drosophila melanogaster	310-313
12830400-2	2003	One-fifth of these cases of FALS are associated with mutations in copper/zinc-dependent superoxide dismutase (SOD1), but the gene defect in the remaining 80% of familial cases is, as yet, unknown.	Superoxides	88-98	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	110-114
13678532-4	2003	Ang II significantly stimulated superoxide formation in monocytes, as measured by nitro blue tetrazolium reduction assay, as well as the chemotactic response to MCP-1 with the increased expression of CCR2 determined by RT-PCR and western blotting analysis.	Superoxides	32-42	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-6
13678532-6	2003	The induction of HO-1 in monocytes suppresses not only Ang II-stimulated superoxide formation, but also Ang II-enhanced chemotactic activity.	Superoxides	73-83	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	55-61
12922936-8	2003	The interaction between iNOS and eNOS was reversed by the superoxide scavenger MnTMPyP.	Superoxides	58-68	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	24-28
12922936-11	2003	These data provide functional evidence that supplementing L-arginine from the extracellular medium optimises the formation of NO from eNOS and suggests that the impairment of eNOS by iNOS is caused by excess formation of superoxide by NO synthase, which can be prevented by L-arginine.	Superoxides	221-231	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	183-187
12909332-8	2003	Pretreatment of SHR rings with catalase and Tiron, a superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) scavenger, increased the relaxant responses to the levels observed in WKY rings whereas pyrogallol, a O(2)(-)-generator, abolished relaxant responses to ACh.	Superoxides	53-69	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	31-39
12885586-6	2003	In addition, EC-SOD is likely to play an important role in mediating nitric oxide-induced signaling events, since the reaction of superoxide and nitric oxide can interfere with nitric oxide signaling.	Superoxides	130-140	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	13-19
12846745-1	2003	BACKGROUND: Angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced renal injury is associated with perivascular inflammation, cell proliferation, and increased superoxide production in the vascular wall.	Superoxides	137-147	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	12-26
12846745-1	2003	BACKGROUND: Angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced renal injury is associated with perivascular inflammation, cell proliferation, and increased superoxide production in the vascular wall.	Superoxides	137-147	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	28-34
12962151-4	2003	The ROS formation in the AD treatment was evidenced by flow cytometry, and further supported by suppression of caspase-3 activation by superoxide radical-forming enzyme inhibitors (TTFA, rotenone, and DPI).	Superoxides	135-145	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	111-120
12739149-9	2003	Under natural conditions, i.e. in the absence of external NADH, this enzyme may provide superoxide (O2*-) (and H2O2 utilized by POD for) *OH production in the cell wall.	Superoxides	88-98	peroxidase 1	Zea mays	128-131
12739149-9	2003	Under natural conditions, i.e. in the absence of external NADH, this enzyme may provide superoxide (O2*-) (and H2O2 utilized by POD for) *OH production in the cell wall.	Superoxides	100-104	peroxidase 1	Zea mays	128-131
12837521-2	2003	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), a critical enzyme in the detoxification of superoxide radicals, was found to be abnormal in TD.	Superoxides	71-81	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
12837521-2	2003	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), a critical enzyme in the detoxification of superoxide radicals, was found to be abnormal in TD.	Superoxides	71-81	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
12850576-0	2003	Differential role of PTK, ERK and p38 MAPK in superoxide impairment of NMDA cerebrovasodilation.	Superoxides	46-56	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	34-37
12880943-4	2003	The formation of superoxide anion via electron transfer to O2 was monitored by optical spectroscopy, using SOD-inhibitable cytochrome c reduction assay.	Superoxides	17-33	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	123-135
12823186-6	2003	The experiment was then performed in the presence of superoxide dismutase (SOD) that reduces levels of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	103-120	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Cavia porcellus	53-73
12823186-6	2003	The experiment was then performed in the presence of superoxide dismutase (SOD) that reduces levels of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	103-120	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Cavia porcellus	75-78
12793995-0	2003	Differential role of PTK and ERK MAPK in superoxide impairment of K(ATP) and K(Ca) channel cerebrovasodilation.	Superoxides	41-51	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	29-32
12793995-0	2003	Differential role of PTK and ERK MAPK in superoxide impairment of K(ATP) and K(Ca) channel cerebrovasodilation.	Superoxides	41-51	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
12793995-2	2003	This study tested the hypothesis that activation of protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) and the ERK isoform of MAPK by O2 - contribute to impairment of KATP and KCa channel PAD.	Superoxides	113-115	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	90-93
12793995-2	2003	This study tested the hypothesis that activation of protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) and the ERK isoform of MAPK by O2 - contribute to impairment of KATP and KCa channel PAD.	Superoxides	113-115	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	105-109
12793995-5	2003	These data show that PTK and ERK MAPK activation contribute to O2 --induced KATP and KCa channel PAD impairment and suggest a differential greater role for PTK and ERK MAPK in KATP vs. KCa channel PAD impairment.	Superoxides	63-65	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	29-32
12793995-5	2003	These data show that PTK and ERK MAPK activation contribute to O2 --induced KATP and KCa channel PAD impairment and suggest a differential greater role for PTK and ERK MAPK in KATP vs. KCa channel PAD impairment.	Superoxides	63-65	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
12793995-5	2003	These data show that PTK and ERK MAPK activation contribute to O2 --induced KATP and KCa channel PAD impairment and suggest a differential greater role for PTK and ERK MAPK in KATP vs. KCa channel PAD impairment.	Superoxides	63-65	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	164-167
12793995-5	2003	These data show that PTK and ERK MAPK activation contribute to O2 --induced KATP and KCa channel PAD impairment and suggest a differential greater role for PTK and ERK MAPK in KATP vs. KCa channel PAD impairment.	Superoxides	63-65	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	168-172
12763764-6	2003	Tiron, a superoxide scavenger that facilitates H2O2 formation, enhanced bradykinin-induced production of H2O2, as well as the EDHF-mediated relaxations and hyperpolarizations.	Superoxides	9-19	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	72-82
12871831-10	2003	In aortae from apolipoprotein(E)-deficient mice (apoE(0)) with hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis, superoxide production is largely derived from NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	99-109	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	15-32
12807725-3	2003	The gas phase of CS contains free radicals such as superoxide radicals, hydroxyl radicals and hydrogen peroxide, which potentially can activate NF-kappaB.	Superoxides	51-70	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	144-153
12824263-7	2003	RESULTS: Increased concentrations of glucose or 3-methyL-o-glucose stimulated formation of nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide induced protein nitration on tyrosine and increased expression and activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS).	Superoxides	113-123	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	203-236
12824263-7	2003	RESULTS: Increased concentrations of glucose or 3-methyL-o-glucose stimulated formation of nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide induced protein nitration on tyrosine and increased expression and activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS).	Superoxides	113-123	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	238-242
12810837-2	2003	One of the major factors in the protection from superoxide anions is the enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD), which catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	48-65	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	102-105
12810837-2	2003	One of the major factors in the protection from superoxide anions is the enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD), which catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	48-58	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	102-105
12818576-0	2003	NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide anion mediates angiotensin II-induced cardiac hypertrophy.	Superoxides	22-38	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	48-62
12901426-5	2003	Production of superoxide anion and antioxidative enzymes activities, such as glutathione reductase (GSSGR) and catalase (CAT) may be changed during MTB infection in the host.	Superoxides	14-30	catalase	Homo sapiens	111-119
12901426-5	2003	Production of superoxide anion and antioxidative enzymes activities, such as glutathione reductase (GSSGR) and catalase (CAT) may be changed during MTB infection in the host.	Superoxides	14-30	catalase	Homo sapiens	121-124
12832676-5	2003	RESULTS: LPS, IL-1alpha, and TNF-alpha promoted the formation of O(2)(*-) from PA compared with untreated controls in a time and dose dependent manner, an effect markedly enhanced by removal of the endothelium but completely inhibited by the NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenylene iodonium chloride (DPI).	Superoxides	65-69	interleukin 1 alpha	Sus scrofa	14-23
12906741-1	2003	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD, SOD2) is an inducible antioxidant localized to the mitochondria, which have been shown to be both the sites of superoxide anion (O(2)*-)) production and the target of free radical attacks.	Superoxides	151-167	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	0-30
12684509-1	2003	Manganous superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-inducible gene product, plays an important role in removing superoxide anions produced inside mitochondria.	Superoxides	131-148	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	0-30
12684509-1	2003	Manganous superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-inducible gene product, plays an important role in removing superoxide anions produced inside mitochondria.	Superoxides	131-148	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	32-38
12684509-1	2003	Manganous superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-inducible gene product, plays an important role in removing superoxide anions produced inside mitochondria.	Superoxides	131-148	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	43-64
12684509-1	2003	Manganous superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-inducible gene product, plays an important role in removing superoxide anions produced inside mitochondria.	Superoxides	131-148	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	66-69
12948415-3	2003	The superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the metallothionien (MT) are the main enzymes to clear the superoxide anion and OH.	Superoxides	94-110	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	4-24
12948415-3	2003	The superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the metallothionien (MT) are the main enzymes to clear the superoxide anion and OH.	Superoxides	94-110	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	26-29
12766646-0	2003	Cyclooxygenase-2-dependent superoxide generation contributes to age-dependent impairment of G protein-mediated cerebrovasodilation.	Superoxides	27-37	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Sus scrofa	0-16
12766646-1	2003	BACKGROUND: Previous studies have observed that activation of cyclooxygenase-2 contributes to generation of superoxide anion after fluid percussion brain injury (FPI).	Superoxides	108-124	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Sus scrofa	62-78
12766646-2	2003	This study was designed to characterize the effects of FPI on the vascular activity of two activators of a pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein, mastoparan and mastoparan-7, and the role of cyclooxygenase-2-dependent superoxide anion generation in such effects as a function of age.	Superoxides	216-232	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Sus scrofa	189-205
12766646-7	2003	CONCLUSIONS: These data show that G protein activation elicits cerebrovasodilation that is blunted following FPI in an age-dependent manner, and suggest that cyclooxygenase-2-dependent superoxide anion generation contributes to G protein activation-induced dilator impairment after the insult in an age-dependent manner.	Superoxides	185-201	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Sus scrofa	158-174
12663375-0	2003	c-Src induces phosphorylation and translocation of p47phox: role in superoxide generation by angiotensin II in human vascular smooth muscle cells.	Superoxides	68-78	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	0-5
12663375-0	2003	c-Src induces phosphorylation and translocation of p47phox: role in superoxide generation by angiotensin II in human vascular smooth muscle cells.	Superoxides	68-78	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	93-107
12663375-13	2003	CONCLUSIONS: c-Src regulates NAD(P)H oxidase-derived *O2- generation acutely by stimulating p47phox phosphorylation and translocation and chronically by increasing protein content of gp91phox, p22phox, and p47phox in Ang II-stimulated cells.	Superoxides	54-56	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	13-18
12757846-4	2003	In the present study, we show that superoxide generated in several enzymatic or chemical systems (e.g., xanthine/xanthine oxidase, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, or potassium superoxide) oxidizes HE to a fluorescent product (excitation, 480 nm; emission, 567 nm) that is totally different from E+.	Superoxides	35-45	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	131-164
12835897-6	2003	activation of 10(6) PMN by fMLP (0.1 microM) and cytochalasin B (0.1 microM) resulted in production of both the estrolytic ("elastolytic") activity and superoxide, (ii).	Superoxides	152-162	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	27-31
12771544-2	2003	Recently, treatment with a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor which generally inhibits PKC isoforms has been shown to modulate several eosinophil functions in distinct manners, in that PKC inhibition enhanced CD11b expression and cellular adhesion, but inhibited superoxide generation and degranulation in PAF-stimulated human eosinophils.	Superoxides	261-271	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	45-48
12771544-2	2003	Recently, treatment with a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor which generally inhibits PKC isoforms has been shown to modulate several eosinophil functions in distinct manners, in that PKC inhibition enhanced CD11b expression and cellular adhesion, but inhibited superoxide generation and degranulation in PAF-stimulated human eosinophils.	Superoxides	261-271	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	85-88
12771544-2	2003	Recently, treatment with a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor which generally inhibits PKC isoforms has been shown to modulate several eosinophil functions in distinct manners, in that PKC inhibition enhanced CD11b expression and cellular adhesion, but inhibited superoxide generation and degranulation in PAF-stimulated human eosinophils.	Superoxides	261-271	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	85-88
12870835-6	2003	Superoxide anion generation was measured by reduction of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	57-69
12906741-1	2003	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD, SOD2) is an inducible antioxidant localized to the mitochondria, which have been shown to be both the sites of superoxide anion (O(2)*-)) production and the target of free radical attacks.	Superoxides	151-167	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	32-38
12906741-1	2003	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD, SOD2) is an inducible antioxidant localized to the mitochondria, which have been shown to be both the sites of superoxide anion (O(2)*-)) production and the target of free radical attacks.	Superoxides	151-167	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	40-44
12906741-1	2003	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD, SOD2) is an inducible antioxidant localized to the mitochondria, which have been shown to be both the sites of superoxide anion (O(2)*-)) production and the target of free radical attacks.	Superoxides	169-176	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	0-30
12906741-1	2003	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD, SOD2) is an inducible antioxidant localized to the mitochondria, which have been shown to be both the sites of superoxide anion (O(2)*-)) production and the target of free radical attacks.	Superoxides	169-176	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	32-38
12906741-1	2003	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD, SOD2) is an inducible antioxidant localized to the mitochondria, which have been shown to be both the sites of superoxide anion (O(2)*-)) production and the target of free radical attacks.	Superoxides	169-176	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	40-44
12738898-6	2003	Production of superoxide anion was assessed by the hydroethidine method in both wild-type mice and SOD1 Tg mice.	Superoxides	14-30	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	99-103
12732715-5	2003	Manipulation of LOL1 expression alters both the superoxide-dependent, runaway cell death phenotype of lsd1 plants and the normal HR.	Superoxides	48-58	lsd one like 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	16-20
12595345-9	2003	Ang II-mediated inhibition was not observed in the presence of L-NMMA or after endothelial removal but was prevented by losartan, superoxide scavenger TEMPOL, or NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin.	Superoxides	130-140	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-6
12531810-2	2003	Because the accumulation of superoxide (O(2)-) by inhibition of SOD depends on the cellular generation of O(2)-, we hypothesized that the endogenous production of superoxide may be a critical factor that affects the antileukemia activity of 2-ME.	Superoxides	28-38	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	64-67
12531810-2	2003	Because the accumulation of superoxide (O(2)-) by inhibition of SOD depends on the cellular generation of O(2)-, we hypothesized that the endogenous production of superoxide may be a critical factor that affects the antileukemia activity of 2-ME.	Superoxides	40-44	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	64-67
12531810-2	2003	Because the accumulation of superoxide (O(2)-) by inhibition of SOD depends on the cellular generation of O(2)-, we hypothesized that the endogenous production of superoxide may be a critical factor that affects the antileukemia activity of 2-ME.	Superoxides	106-110	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	64-67
12531810-2	2003	Because the accumulation of superoxide (O(2)-) by inhibition of SOD depends on the cellular generation of O(2)-, we hypothesized that the endogenous production of superoxide may be a critical factor that affects the antileukemia activity of 2-ME.	Superoxides	163-173	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	64-67
12734380-4	2003	Inhibition of Akt activity in human neutrophils by an inhibitory peptide significantly attenuated fMLP-stimulated, but not PMA-stimulated, superoxide release.	Superoxides	139-149	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	14-17
12770950-12	2003	9 It is suggested that in rabbit mesenteric resistance arteries, SOD increases the ACh-induced, endothelium-dependent relaxation by enhancing the action of NO in the smooth muscle via its H(2)O(2)-producing action (rather than via a superoxide-scavenging action).	Superoxides	233-243	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	65-68
12772802-6	2003	These changes were prevented by inhibiting XO by allopurinol or scavenging superoxide by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	75-85	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	89-109
12772802-6	2003	These changes were prevented by inhibiting XO by allopurinol or scavenging superoxide by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	75-85	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	111-114
12797479-0	2003	Grape and grape seed extract capacities at protecting LDL against oxidation generated by Cu2+, AAPH or SIN-1 and at decreasing superoxide THP-1 cell production.	Superoxides	127-137	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	138-143
12797479-7	2003	Among the PP fractions, B was the most effective at protecting LDL in the SIN-1 system and at impairing THP-1 superoxide production.	Superoxides	110-120	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	104-109
12714867-7	2003	A correlation between the superoxide anion production and the ERK-MAPK activity was also observed.	Superoxides	26-42	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	62-65
12714867-8	2003	CONCLUSIONS: The present study suggests that the NAD(P)H-dependent increase of the superoxide anion production in the vascular tissue following a treatment with angiotensin II is dependent on the activation of the ERK-MAPK pathway.	Superoxides	83-99	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	161-175
12714867-8	2003	CONCLUSIONS: The present study suggests that the NAD(P)H-dependent increase of the superoxide anion production in the vascular tissue following a treatment with angiotensin II is dependent on the activation of the ERK-MAPK pathway.	Superoxides	83-99	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	214-217
12902640-7	2003	The endothelial dysfunction in apoE(0) mice is associated with hyperlipidemia and increased vascular oxidative stress measured as increased superoxide production.	Superoxides	140-150	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	31-35
12628745-4	2003	When NO and superoxide are generated at equal fluxes the resulting peroxynitrite can cause tyrosine nitrations (e.g. prostacyclin synthase inhibition) or oxidations of zinc-fingers in proteins, indicating a new messenger function.	Superoxides	12-22	prostaglandin I2 synthase	Homo sapiens	117-138
12466152-3	2003	In interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta)-stimulated hepatocytes exposed to superoxide, we demonstrate that hepatocyte nuclear factor-4alpha (HNF-4alpha) acts as an activator of redox-associated hepatocyte iNOS expression at the level of protein, mRNA, and promoter activation.	Superoxides	66-76	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	3-20
12466152-3	2003	In interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta)-stimulated hepatocytes exposed to superoxide, we demonstrate that hepatocyte nuclear factor-4alpha (HNF-4alpha) acts as an activator of redox-associated hepatocyte iNOS expression at the level of protein, mRNA, and promoter activation.	Superoxides	66-76	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	22-30
12466152-3	2003	In interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta)-stimulated hepatocytes exposed to superoxide, we demonstrate that hepatocyte nuclear factor-4alpha (HNF-4alpha) acts as an activator of redox-associated hepatocyte iNOS expression at the level of protein, mRNA, and promoter activation.	Superoxides	66-76	hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha	Homo sapiens	98-130
12466152-3	2003	In interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta)-stimulated hepatocytes exposed to superoxide, we demonstrate that hepatocyte nuclear factor-4alpha (HNF-4alpha) acts as an activator of redox-associated hepatocyte iNOS expression at the level of protein, mRNA, and promoter activation.	Superoxides	66-76	hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha	Homo sapiens	132-142
12466152-3	2003	In interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta)-stimulated hepatocytes exposed to superoxide, we demonstrate that hepatocyte nuclear factor-4alpha (HNF-4alpha) acts as an activator of redox-associated hepatocyte iNOS expression at the level of protein, mRNA, and promoter activation.	Superoxides	66-76	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	196-200
12711629-22	2003	This effect may be attributable to the ability of TNF to increase levels of superoxide anions (O(2)(-)) and the ability of O(2)(-) to inactivate NO.	Superoxides	76-93	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	50-53
12711629-22	2003	This effect may be attributable to the ability of TNF to increase levels of superoxide anions (O(2)(-)) and the ability of O(2)(-) to inactivate NO.	Superoxides	95-99	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	50-53
12731668-0	2003	Serine protease inhibitors inhibit superoxide release and adherence in human neutrophils stimulated by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.	Superoxides	35-45	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	0-15
12731668-0	2003	Serine protease inhibitors inhibit superoxide release and adherence in human neutrophils stimulated by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.	Superoxides	35-45	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	156-183
12731668-1	2003	Stimulation of human neutrophils with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) results in increased superoxide (O2-) release and adherence.	Superoxides	154-164	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	99-126
12731668-1	2003	Stimulation of human neutrophils with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) results in increased superoxide (O2-) release and adherence.	Superoxides	154-164	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	128-131
12731668-1	2003	Stimulation of human neutrophils with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) results in increased superoxide (O2-) release and adherence.	Superoxides	166-168	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	99-126
12731668-1	2003	Stimulation of human neutrophils with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) results in increased superoxide (O2-) release and adherence.	Superoxides	166-168	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	128-131
12731668-2	2003	O2- release and adherence are dependent on activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK).	Superoxides	0-2	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	57-94
12731668-2	2003	O2- release and adherence are dependent on activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK).	Superoxides	0-2	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	96-99
12731668-2	2003	O2- release and adherence are dependent on activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK).	Superoxides	0-2	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	105-141
12731668-2	2003	O2- release and adherence are dependent on activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK).	Superoxides	0-2	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	143-147
12731668-5	2003	On the other hand, GM-CSF- or TNF-induced phosphorylation of ERK and p38 MAPK was unaffected by these inhibitors at the concentrations effective for the inhibition of O2- release and adherence.	Superoxides	167-169	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	30-33
12615354-10	2003	(3) In the complexes formed, cytochrome c becomes autoxidizable; its reduction by superoxide or ascorbate as well as its operation as electron carrier between the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes appear to be inhibited.	Superoxides	82-92	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	29-41
12570724-3	2003	The fMLP-receptor interaction activates multiple transduction pathways responsible for various neutrophil functions such as adhesion, chemotaxis, exocytosis of secretory granules and superoxide anion production, which represent the physiological response to bacterial infection and tissue damage.	Superoxides	183-199	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	4-17
12616485-0	2003	Superoxide activates very late antigen-4 on an eosinophil cell line and increases cellular binding to vascular cell adhesion molecule-1.	Superoxides	0-10	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	102-135
12668130-3	2003	Recombinant adenoviruses expressing Cu/ZnSOD or MnSOD were utilized to modulate superoxide levels in the cytoplasmic or mitochondrial compartments, respectively, prior to coronary artery I/R injury in the rat heart.	Superoxides	80-90	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	36-44
12600921-4	2003	METHODS AND RESULTS: This study investigated (1) whether and how endothelin-1 (ET-1), which is increased in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats, contributes to arterial superoxide generation and (2) the effect of gene transfer of manganese superoxide dismutase and endothelial nitric oxide synthase.	Superoxides	161-171	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	65-77
12600921-4	2003	METHODS AND RESULTS: This study investigated (1) whether and how endothelin-1 (ET-1), which is increased in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats, contributes to arterial superoxide generation and (2) the effect of gene transfer of manganese superoxide dismutase and endothelial nitric oxide synthase.	Superoxides	161-171	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	79-83
12600921-6	2003	ET-1 concentration-dependently stimulated superoxide production in vitro in carotid arteries of normotensive rats.	Superoxides	42-52	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
12600921-7	2003	The increase in arterial superoxide in both ET-1-treated normotensive and DOCA-salt rats was reversed by a selective ET(A) receptor antagonist, ABT-627, the flavoprotein inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium, and the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin but not by the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N(omega)-L-arginine methyl ester or the xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol.	Superoxides	25-35	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	44-48
12600921-10	2003	CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that ET-1 augments vascular superoxide production at least in part via an ET(A)/NADPH oxidase pathway in low-renin mineralocorticoid hypertension.	Superoxides	64-74	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	41-45
12714867-1	2003	OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAD(P)H) oxidase and the increase of superoxide anion production by angiotensin II is dependent upon the activation of the ERK-MAPK pathway.	Superoxides	132-148	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	163-177
12606638-0	2003	Rac1 and superoxide are required for the expression of cell adhesion molecules induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	9-19	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	90-117
12694301-5	2003	Radical (i.e., superoxide) (O2-) formation in response to oxLDL is associated with p53, as well as HIF-1 alpha accumulation in human macrophages, a process that is antagonized by NO.	Superoxides	15-25	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	83-86
12694301-5	2003	Radical (i.e., superoxide) (O2-) formation in response to oxLDL is associated with p53, as well as HIF-1 alpha accumulation in human macrophages, a process that is antagonized by NO.	Superoxides	15-25	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	99-110
12694301-5	2003	Radical (i.e., superoxide) (O2-) formation in response to oxLDL is associated with p53, as well as HIF-1 alpha accumulation in human macrophages, a process that is antagonized by NO.	Superoxides	28-30	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	83-86
12694301-5	2003	Radical (i.e., superoxide) (O2-) formation in response to oxLDL is associated with p53, as well as HIF-1 alpha accumulation in human macrophages, a process that is antagonized by NO.	Superoxides	28-30	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	99-110
12694301-6	2003	On the other side, NO-elicited HIF-1 alpha stabilization is modulated by O2-.	Superoxides	73-75	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	31-42
12657742-11	2003	These data show that TRI alters hsp90 interactions with eNOS and induces eNOS to shift from NO to O2- generation.	Superoxides	98-100	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	73-77
12665482-2	2003	When uncoupled from essential cofactors, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) produces O2*-.	Superoxides	91-95	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	41-74
12665482-2	2003	When uncoupled from essential cofactors, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) produces O2*-.	Superoxides	91-95	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	76-80
12665482-5	2003	When eNOS is functioning normally, incorporation of Nomega-Nitro-L-Arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 1 mmol/L), results in increased O2*- detection, as inhibition of NO production prevents NO scavenging of O2*-.	Superoxides	130-132	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	5-9
12665482-7	2003	In the remaining 9 CCF patients, incorporation of L-NAME reduced O2*- production by 39%, indicating O2*- production by eNOS uncoupling.	Superoxides	100-104	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	119-123
12559815-4	2003	The antioxidant capacities of each biomaterial were assessed by their inhibition of O(2)*- -induced cytochrome C reduction, generated via PMN stimulation by phorbol myristyl acetate (PMA); and their inhibition of *OH-induced 2-deoxy-D-ribose degradation, generated by PMA stimulated PMN in the presence of a ferric chloride-EDTA chelate.	Superoxides	84-89	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	100-112
12824912-2	2003	We found that the addition of either catalase or superoxide dismutase (SOD) to a culture medium of MDA-MB-435S cells almost completely abolished the cytotoxic effect of 5-S-GAD, indicating that both hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and the superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) are involved in the cytotoxic action of 5-S-GAD.	Superoxides	236-252	catalase	Homo sapiens	37-45
12824912-2	2003	We found that the addition of either catalase or superoxide dismutase (SOD) to a culture medium of MDA-MB-435S cells almost completely abolished the cytotoxic effect of 5-S-GAD, indicating that both hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and the superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) are involved in the cytotoxic action of 5-S-GAD.	Superoxides	222-226	catalase	Homo sapiens	37-45
12640213-2	2003	The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the atypical antipsychotic drug risperidone on blood superoxide dismutase (SOD), a critical enzyme in the detoxification of superoxide radicals, and to explore the relationship between changes in SOD and the therapeutic outcome.	Superoxides	112-122	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	134-137
12693801-4	2003	SA release from peripheral PMN was measured spectrophotometrically as the superoxide dismutase (SOD) inhibitable reduction of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	0-2	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	126-138
12633754-7	2003	Furthermore, increased capacity of MPM from PON1(0) and PON1(0)/E(0) mice to oxidize LDL (by 40% and by 19%, respectively) and to release superoxide anions was observed.	Superoxides	138-155	paraoxonase 1	Mus musculus	44-48
12633754-7	2003	Furthermore, increased capacity of MPM from PON1(0) and PON1(0)/E(0) mice to oxidize LDL (by 40% and by 19%, respectively) and to release superoxide anions was observed.	Superoxides	138-155	paraoxonase 1	Mus musculus	56-60
12633754-11	2003	Upon incubation of PON1(0)/E(0) derived macrophages with human PON1 (7.5 arylesterase units/ml), cellular peroxides content was decreased by 18%, macrophage superoxide anion release was decreased by 33%, and macrophage-mediated oxidation of LDL was reduced by 22%.	Superoxides	157-173	paraoxonase 1	Homo sapiens	19-23
12633754-11	2003	Upon incubation of PON1(0)/E(0) derived macrophages with human PON1 (7.5 arylesterase units/ml), cellular peroxides content was decreased by 18%, macrophage superoxide anion release was decreased by 33%, and macrophage-mediated oxidation of LDL was reduced by 22%.	Superoxides	157-173	paraoxonase 1	Homo sapiens	63-67
12615666-8	2003	In vitro incubation (18 hours) of HHcy arteries with anti-TNF-alpha antibody decreased O2*- production, whereas incubation of control vessels with TNF-alpha increased O2*- generation and nox1 expression.	Superoxides	87-89	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	58-67
12615666-8	2003	In vitro incubation (18 hours) of HHcy arteries with anti-TNF-alpha antibody decreased O2*- production, whereas incubation of control vessels with TNF-alpha increased O2*- generation and nox1 expression.	Superoxides	167-169	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	147-156
12623976-0	2003	Vasopressin induces vascular superoxide via endothelin-1 in mineralocorticoid hypertension.	Superoxides	29-39	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	0-11
12623976-0	2003	Vasopressin induces vascular superoxide via endothelin-1 in mineralocorticoid hypertension.	Superoxides	29-39	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	44-56
12623976-1	2003	We have recently reported that endothelin-1 (ET-1), which is increased in the arteries of deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertensive rats, stimulates superoxide production.	Superoxides	160-170	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	31-43
12623976-1	2003	We have recently reported that endothelin-1 (ET-1), which is increased in the arteries of deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertensive rats, stimulates superoxide production.	Superoxides	160-170	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	45-49
12623976-2	2003	However, the humoral mechanisms responsible for ET-1-induced superoxide formation in low-renin models of hypertension, such as DOCA-salt hypertension, remain undefined.	Superoxides	61-71	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	48-52
12623976-4	2003	The present study tested the hypothesis that vasopressin contributes to ET-1-induced vascular superoxide production in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats.	Superoxides	94-104	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	45-56
12623976-4	2003	The present study tested the hypothesis that vasopressin contributes to ET-1-induced vascular superoxide production in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats.	Superoxides	94-104	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	72-76
12623976-6	2003	In vitro vasopressin treatment of carotid arteries from normal rats for 24 hours, but not 4 hours, increased both ET-1 and superoxide levels.	Superoxides	123-133	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	9-20
12623976-7	2003	The increase of vasopressin-induced superoxide was reduced by pretreatment of the vessels with ABT627, a selective ETA receptor antagonist ABT627.	Superoxides	36-46	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	16-27
12623976-10	2003	These results suggest that vasopressin increases vascular superoxide levels by stimulating ET-1 formation in mineralocorticoid hypertension, and that V1-vasopressin receptors play an important role in this process.	Superoxides	58-68	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	27-38
12623976-10	2003	These results suggest that vasopressin increases vascular superoxide levels by stimulating ET-1 formation in mineralocorticoid hypertension, and that V1-vasopressin receptors play an important role in this process.	Superoxides	58-68	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	91-95
12630530-3	2003	In the host infected by endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS), the expression and release of proinflammatory tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) rapidly increases, and the formation of free radicals (e.g., superoxide anion [O2*-] and nitric oxide [NO*] in the present study) are inevitably overproduced.	Superoxides	208-224	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	136-145
12630530-3	2003	In the host infected by endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS), the expression and release of proinflammatory tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) rapidly increases, and the formation of free radicals (e.g., superoxide anion [O2*-] and nitric oxide [NO*] in the present study) are inevitably overproduced.	Superoxides	226-229	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	107-134
12630530-3	2003	In the host infected by endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS), the expression and release of proinflammatory tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) rapidly increases, and the formation of free radicals (e.g., superoxide anion [O2*-] and nitric oxide [NO*] in the present study) are inevitably overproduced.	Superoxides	226-229	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	136-145
12595345-10	2003	Dihydroethidium staining showed that Ang II elicited losartan- and TEMPOL-sensitive superoxide production in arterioles.	Superoxides	84-94	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	37-43
12595345-12	2003	Ang II at a subvasomotor level impairs endothelium-dependent NO-mediated dilation attributable to elevated superoxide production via AT1 receptor activation of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	107-117	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-6
12591747-3	2003	This avenue of investigation was based on recent reports suggesting that hsp90 modulates NOS production of *NO and O2-.	Superoxides	115-117	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Rattus norvegicus	73-78
12475976-2	2003	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes consists of a membrane-associated flavocytochrome b(559) and four cytosolic components as follows: p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (1 or 2).	Superoxides	4-14	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	172-175
12475976-2	2003	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes consists of a membrane-associated flavocytochrome b(559) and four cytosolic components as follows: p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (1 or 2).	Superoxides	4-14	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	215-218
12473664-9	2003	In conclusion, NOX1 is a superoxide-generating enzyme that is activated by two novel proteins, which we propose to name NOXO1 (NOX organizer 1) and NOXA1 (NOX activator 1).	Superoxides	25-35	NADPH oxidase activator 1	Homo sapiens	148-153
12473664-9	2003	In conclusion, NOX1 is a superoxide-generating enzyme that is activated by two novel proteins, which we propose to name NOXO1 (NOX organizer 1) and NOXA1 (NOX activator 1).	Superoxides	25-35	NADPH oxidase activator 1	Homo sapiens	155-170
12575983-6	2003	The increase in intracellular concentration of O2.- was followed by a dose-dependent reduction in basal and bradykinin-induced intracellular NO concentration (p from &lt;0.01 to &lt;0.001).	Superoxides	47-49	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	108-118
12590362-5	2003	The addition of HA into a reaction system has been shown to generate superoxide in a dose-dependent manner by the superoxide dismutase-inhibitable cytochrome c reduction assay.	Superoxides	69-79	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	147-159
12584172-5	2003	RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with LPS and IFN-gamma produced O(2)(-), nitric oxide (NO) and peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) continuously for 5-25 h. There was a 2.0-fold increase in the mutation frequency of the gpt gene in AS52 cells co-cultured with TPA stimulated HL-60 cells, when compared with non-treated cells.	Superoxides	59-63	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	32-35
12584172-5	2003	RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with LPS and IFN-gamma produced O(2)(-), nitric oxide (NO) and peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) continuously for 5-25 h. There was a 2.0-fold increase in the mutation frequency of the gpt gene in AS52 cells co-cultured with TPA stimulated HL-60 cells, when compared with non-treated cells.	Superoxides	59-63	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	40-49
12524405-6	2003	Extracellular O(2)(-) production was measured by the cytochrome c reduction assay or luminol enhanced luminescence.	Superoxides	14-21	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	53-65
12522148-11	2003	It is intriguing that 8-nitroguanosine markedly stimulated superoxide generation from cytochrome P450 reductase and iNOS in vitro.	Superoxides	59-69	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	116-120
12600921-0	2003	Endothelin-1 increases vascular superoxide via endothelin(A)-NADPH oxidase pathway in low-renin hypertension.	Superoxides	32-42	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-12
12600921-1	2003	BACKGROUND: Angiotensin II-induced hypertension is associated with NAD(P)H oxidase-dependent superoxide production in the vessel wall.	Superoxides	93-103	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	12-26
12521608-2	2003	Increased expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) has been shown to play an important role in maintaining high levels of (*)NO generation to offset the increase in O(2)(*-) that occurs during proliferation.	Superoxides	179-183	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	24-57
12524232-7	2003	Insulin reduced mouse peritoneal macrophage (MPM) lipid peroxides content and superoxide anion release by up to 44% and 62%, respectively (P&lt;0.01).	Superoxides	78-94	insulin	Homo sapiens	0-7
12505201-7	2003	The signal obtained in PEC from TLR4-sufficient mice was completely abrogated by superoxide dismutase (SOD), which indicated that the response depended on the formation of superoxide anion, and was also seen in purified neutrophils but not purified macrophages (Mphi).	Superoxides	172-188	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	32-36
12524222-1	2003	OBJECTIVE: Angiotensin II (AII) has been shown to increase endothelial NAD(P)H oxidase activity, which is a source of superoxide anion that in turn may induce the formation of peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	118-134	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	11-25
12524222-1	2003	OBJECTIVE: Angiotensin II (AII) has been shown to increase endothelial NAD(P)H oxidase activity, which is a source of superoxide anion that in turn may induce the formation of peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	118-134	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	27-30
12496163-1	2003	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an enzyme that converts superoxide radicals into hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen and has been shown to contribute to the virulence of many human-pathogenic bacteria through its ability to neutralize toxic levels of reactive oxygen species generated by the host.	Superoxides	54-64	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
14757966-9	2003	Substances such as nicotinamide, allopurinol and pentoxifylline reduce superoxide- or hydrogen peroxide-induced proliferation of fibroblasts, GAG production and HLA-DR or HSP-72 expression by GO orbital fibroblasts, possibly through scavenging oxygen free radicals.	Superoxides	71-81	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 1A	Homo sapiens	171-177
12483106-1	2003	Rac plays a central role in regulating neutrophil responses to inflammatory signals, including actin remodeling, chemotaxis, and superoxide production by the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase.	Superoxides	129-139	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
12589775-9	2003	When nPG at low concentrations (nM to microM) was mixed with a large excess of O(2)(-)*, the superoxide signal was destroyed as indicated by UV visible spectroscopy and EPR.	Superoxides	79-83	OPA1 mitochondrial dynamin like GTPase	Homo sapiens	5-8
12589775-9	2003	When nPG at low concentrations (nM to microM) was mixed with a large excess of O(2)(-)*, the superoxide signal was destroyed as indicated by UV visible spectroscopy and EPR.	Superoxides	93-103	OPA1 mitochondrial dynamin like GTPase	Homo sapiens	5-8
12589775-10	2003	Kinetic analysis indicated that nPG dismutated O(2)(-)* in repetitive additions of superoxide with little loss of activity.	Superoxides	83-93	OPA1 mitochondrial dynamin like GTPase	Homo sapiens	32-35
12589775-14	2003	The evidence indicates that nPG dismutates the superoxide ion in a catalytic manner.	Superoxides	47-57	OPA1 mitochondrial dynamin like GTPase	Homo sapiens	28-31
12595898-2	2003	The high-affinity fMLP receptor (FPR1) of phagocytic cells interacts with bacterial fMLP and mediates chemotaxis, degranulation, and superoxide production.	Superoxides	133-143	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	18-31
12595898-2	2003	The high-affinity fMLP receptor (FPR1) of phagocytic cells interacts with bacterial fMLP and mediates chemotaxis, degranulation, and superoxide production.	Superoxides	133-143	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
12595898-2	2003	The high-affinity fMLP receptor (FPR1) of phagocytic cells interacts with bacterial fMLP and mediates chemotaxis, degranulation, and superoxide production.	Superoxides	133-143	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	18-22
14715442-7	2003	Remarkably, we found that those oligodendrocytes displaying bipolar morphology following kainate exposure, also expressed the inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitrotyrosine immunoreactivity, suggesting that peroxynitrite could be formed by the reaction of nitric oxide with superoxide.	Superoxides	292-302	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	167-171
15981946-3	2003	PKC may have multiple adverse effects on vascular function, including the activation of superoxide-producing enzymes such as the nicotinamide adenine dinicleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase as well as increased expression of a dysfunctional, superoxide-producing, uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS III).	Superoxides	88-98	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
15981946-3	2003	PKC may have multiple adverse effects on vascular function, including the activation of superoxide-producing enzymes such as the nicotinamide adenine dinicleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase as well as increased expression of a dysfunctional, superoxide-producing, uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS III).	Superoxides	241-251	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
15981946-4	2003	PKC-mediated superoxide production may inactivate nitric oxide (NO) derived from endothelial NOS III, but also may inhibit the activity and/or expression of the NO downstream target, the soluble guanylyl cyclase.	Superoxides	13-23	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
15981946-4	2003	PKC-mediated superoxide production may inactivate nitric oxide (NO) derived from endothelial NOS III, but also may inhibit the activity and/or expression of the NO downstream target, the soluble guanylyl cyclase.	Superoxides	13-23	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	93-100
12482932-1	2002	More than 100 point mutations of the superoxide scavenger Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC ) have been associated with the neurodegenerative disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).	Superoxides	37-47	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	58-84
12482932-1	2002	More than 100 point mutations of the superoxide scavenger Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC ) have been associated with the neurodegenerative disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).	Superoxides	37-47	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	86-89
12471136-0	2002	Repression of rac2 mRNA expression by Anaplasma phagocytophila is essential to the inhibition of superoxide production and bacterial proliferation.	Superoxides	97-107	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	14-18
12456638-0	2002	The adaptor protein p40(phox) as a positive regulator of the superoxide-producing phagocyte oxidase.	Superoxides	61-71	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	24-28
12456638-1	2002	Activation of the superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase, crucial in host defense, requires the cytosolic proteins p67(phox) and p47(phox).	Superoxides	18-28	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	121-124
12456638-1	2002	Activation of the superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase, crucial in host defense, requires the cytosolic proteins p67(phox) and p47(phox).	Superoxides	18-28	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	125-129
12456638-1	2002	Activation of the superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase, crucial in host defense, requires the cytosolic proteins p67(phox) and p47(phox).	Superoxides	18-28	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	139-143
12456638-4	2002	Here we show that p40(phox) enhances membrane translocation of p67(phox) and p47(phox) in stimulated cells, which leads to facilitated production of superoxide.	Superoxides	149-159	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	22-26
12456638-4	2002	Here we show that p40(phox) enhances membrane translocation of p67(phox) and p47(phox) in stimulated cells, which leads to facilitated production of superoxide.	Superoxides	149-159	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	63-66
12456638-4	2002	Here we show that p40(phox) enhances membrane translocation of p67(phox) and p47(phox) in stimulated cells, which leads to facilitated production of superoxide.	Superoxides	149-159	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	67-71
12456638-4	2002	Here we show that p40(phox) enhances membrane translocation of p67(phox) and p47(phox) in stimulated cells, which leads to facilitated production of superoxide.	Superoxides	149-159	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	67-71
12370493-0	2002	Intracellular superoxide induces apoptosis in VSMCs: role of mitochondrial membrane potential, cytochrome C and caspases.	Superoxides	14-24	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	95-107
12573139-3	2002	Angiotensin II has been shown to activate the vascular NAD(P)H oxidase(s) resulting in the production of reactive oxygen species, namely superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	137-147	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
12573143-8	2002	Generation of superoxide detected by hydroethidine, but not hydrogen peroxide detected by dehydrorhodamine 123, was transiently increased by TNF in both of the cells.	Superoxides	14-24	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	141-144
12573143-10	2002	These results indicate that the increase in superoxide generation might be involved in TNF-induced, but not in constitutive, NF-kappaB activation.	Superoxides	44-54	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	87-90
12390298-10	2002	Because Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a zinc-containing enzyme and superoxide is a potent scavenger of nitric oxide (NO), a vasodilator, we hypothesized that one of the mechanisms by which ZD increases RVR is by decreasing NO bioavailability by the enhanced formation of superoxide due to low Cu/Zn SOD activity.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	36-39
12390298-10	2002	Because Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a zinc-containing enzyme and superoxide is a potent scavenger of nitric oxide (NO), a vasodilator, we hypothesized that one of the mechanisms by which ZD increases RVR is by decreasing NO bioavailability by the enhanced formation of superoxide due to low Cu/Zn SOD activity.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	299-308
12390298-10	2002	Because Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a zinc-containing enzyme and superoxide is a potent scavenger of nitric oxide (NO), a vasodilator, we hypothesized that one of the mechanisms by which ZD increases RVR is by decreasing NO bioavailability by the enhanced formation of superoxide due to low Cu/Zn SOD activity.	Superoxides	73-83	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	299-308
12390298-13	2002	Administration of the SOD mimetic tempol (5 mg/kg per min) decreased RVR to a significantly greater extent in ZD rats compared with control, suggesting that superoxide was responsible for the mechanism.	Superoxides	157-167	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	22-25
12444147-7	2002	Changes in cell polarization and the augmentation of the fMLP-induced superoxide anion generation, by all priming agents were also inhibited by DMS, while only the superoxide anion release was blocked by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002.	Superoxides	70-86	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	57-61
12444147-7	2002	Changes in cell polarization and the augmentation of the fMLP-induced superoxide anion generation, by all priming agents were also inhibited by DMS, while only the superoxide anion release was blocked by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002.	Superoxides	164-180	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	57-61
12456490-4	2002	The hypothesis that superoxide is a key mediator of the actions of Ang II in the CNS was tested in mice using adenoviral vector-mediated expression of superoxide dismutase (AdSOD).	Superoxides	20-30	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	67-73
12456490-6	2002	In addition, Ang II stimulated superoxide generation in primary CNS cell cultures, and this was prevented by the Ang II receptor (Ang II type 1 subtype) antagonist losartan or AdSOD.	Superoxides	31-41	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	13-19
12456490-6	2002	In addition, Ang II stimulated superoxide generation in primary CNS cell cultures, and this was prevented by the Ang II receptor (Ang II type 1 subtype) antagonist losartan or AdSOD.	Superoxides	31-41	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	113-119
12433839-3	2002	We tested the hypothesis that selective loss of CuZnSOD results in increased superoxide and altered vascular responsiveness in CuZnSOD-deficient (CuZnSOD(-/-)) mice compared with wild-type (CuZnSOD(+/+)) littermates.	Superoxides	77-87	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	48-55
12433839-5	2002	Vascular superoxide levels, measured using lucigenin (5 micro mol/L)-enhanced chemiluminescence and hydroethidine (2 micro mol/L)-based confocal microscopy, were increased (approximately 2-fold; P&lt;0.05) in CuZnSOD(-/-) mice as compared with wild-type mice.	Superoxides	9-19	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	209-216
12433839-10	2002	These findings provide the first direct insight into the functional importance of CuZnSOD in blood vessels and indicate that this specific isoform of SOD limits increases in superoxide under basal conditions.	Superoxides	174-184	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	82-89
12417549-1	2002	BACKGROUND: Like endothelial and smooth muscle cells, vascular adventitial fibroblasts contain a substantial NAD(P)H oxidase superoxide anion (O2-)-generating system activated by angiotensin II (Ang II).	Superoxides	125-141	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	179-193
12417549-1	2002	BACKGROUND: Like endothelial and smooth muscle cells, vascular adventitial fibroblasts contain a substantial NAD(P)H oxidase superoxide anion (O2-)-generating system activated by angiotensin II (Ang II).	Superoxides	143-147	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	179-193
12417549-1	2002	BACKGROUND: Like endothelial and smooth muscle cells, vascular adventitial fibroblasts contain a substantial NAD(P)H oxidase superoxide anion (O2-)-generating system activated by angiotensin II (Ang II).	Superoxides	143-147	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	195-201
12417549-5	2002	Endogenous O2- was increased by treating the adventitial side of the aortas with Ang II (10 pmol/L), leading to impairment of EDR.	Superoxides	11-13	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	81-87
12417549-7	2002	Ang II-treated aortas from gp91(phox-/-) mice, which lack significant adventitial O2-, exhibited greater EDR and were not affected by SOD.	Superoxides	82-84	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	0-6
12381518-3	2002	In passage 1 culture of rat HSCs, TGF-beta1 induced a concentration-dependent increase in procollagen-alpha(1)(I) mRNA levels and enhanced intracellular H(2)O(2) and superoxide anion formation and lipid peroxidation but decreased GSH levels.	Superoxides	166-182	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	34-43
12381518-8	2002	These results demonstrate that DLPC prevents TGF-beta1-induced increase in collagen mRNA by inhibiting generation of oxidative stress and associated H(2)O(2)-dependent p38 MAPK activation, which explains its antifibrogenic effect.	Superoxides	152-157	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	45-54
12530078-2	2002	ESR spectroscopy shows that these extracts produced radicals under alkaline condition, and scavenged radicals such as superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical and nitric oxide (NO) radical.	Superoxides	118-134	esterase 5 regulator	Mus musculus	0-3
12426211-3	2002	METHODS AND RESULTS: ANP alone and its potentiation by retrothiorphan, the NEP inhibitor, significantly inhibited superoxide, lysozyme, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 release by N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe-stimulated PMNs.	Superoxides	114-124	natriuretic peptide A	Homo sapiens	21-24
12426211-3	2002	METHODS AND RESULTS: ANP alone and its potentiation by retrothiorphan, the NEP inhibitor, significantly inhibited superoxide, lysozyme, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 release by N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe-stimulated PMNs.	Superoxides	114-124	membrane metalloendopeptidase	Homo sapiens	75-78
12426214-1	2002	OBJECTIVE: Angiotensin II (Ang II)-mediated induction of vascular superoxide anion formation could contribute to the development of endothelial dysfunction, hypertension, and atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	66-82	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	11-25
12426214-1	2002	OBJECTIVE: Angiotensin II (Ang II)-mediated induction of vascular superoxide anion formation could contribute to the development of endothelial dysfunction, hypertension, and atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	66-82	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	27-33
12426214-4	2002	METHODS AND RESULTS: We investigated the dose-dependent regulation of superoxide anion formation and of NAD(P)H oxidase subunit expression in response to Ang II in human endothelial cells.	Superoxides	70-86	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	154-160
12426214-5	2002	Ang II regulates superoxide anion formation and the limiting subunit of endothelial NAD(P)H oxidase, gp91-phox, in a dose-dependent manner via Ang II type 1 (AT1) receptor-mediated induction and Ang II type 2 receptor-mediated partial inhibition at higher Ang II concentrations.	Superoxides	17-33	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-6
12426214-5	2002	Ang II regulates superoxide anion formation and the limiting subunit of endothelial NAD(P)H oxidase, gp91-phox, in a dose-dependent manner via Ang II type 1 (AT1) receptor-mediated induction and Ang II type 2 receptor-mediated partial inhibition at higher Ang II concentrations.	Superoxides	17-33	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	143-149
12426214-5	2002	Ang II regulates superoxide anion formation and the limiting subunit of endothelial NAD(P)H oxidase, gp91-phox, in a dose-dependent manner via Ang II type 1 (AT1) receptor-mediated induction and Ang II type 2 receptor-mediated partial inhibition at higher Ang II concentrations.	Superoxides	17-33	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	143-149
12426214-5	2002	Ang II regulates superoxide anion formation and the limiting subunit of endothelial NAD(P)H oxidase, gp91-phox, in a dose-dependent manner via Ang II type 1 (AT1) receptor-mediated induction and Ang II type 2 receptor-mediated partial inhibition at higher Ang II concentrations.	Superoxides	17-33	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	143-149
12411394-8	2002	Superoxide and MCP-1 production were enhanced by RacV12 (constitutively active) in the absence of ND, and were inhibited by RacN17 (dominant-negative) adenoviral transduction under ND, suggesting that the small G-protein Rac1 is required.	Superoxides	0-10	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	205-220
12469939-7	2002	Rolipram and Ariflo (cilomilast), two selective PDE4 inhibitors, dose-dependently inhibited receptor-coupled activation of superoxide.	Superoxides	123-133	phosphodiesterase 4A	Homo sapiens	48-52
12469939-8	2002	These results suggest that PDE4B is the main subtype involved in regulating superoxide induced by Fc gammaRs activation.	Superoxides	76-86	phosphodiesterase 4B	Homo sapiens	27-32
12466317-16	2002	Both mechanical stress, mainly secondary to systolic hypertension, and elevated circulating and tissue levels of angiotensin II, partially independent from each other, cause excessive generation of superoxide compounds.	Superoxides	198-208	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	113-127
12587976-1	2002	Previously, we have demonstrated that increased superoxide generation plays a role in the nitric oxide (NO)-mediated inhibition of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) in endothelial cells (ECs) and that the overexpression of SOD1 could reduce the inhibitory effect of NO.	Superoxides	48-58	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	220-224
12767264-4	2003	The respiratory burst was measured as superoxide anion release by the cytochrome c reduction test and plasma membrane potential was modulated by experimental changes of the extracellular potassium concentration.	Superoxides	38-54	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	70-82
12472772-7	2003	Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-primed neutrophils released 26.7 +/- 2.8 nmol O2-/0.75 x 106 PMN/45 min and 10 micromol/L simvastatin reduced this amount to 18.0 +/- 2.1 nmol.	Superoxides	86-88	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-27
12472772-7	2003	Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-primed neutrophils released 26.7 +/- 2.8 nmol O2-/0.75 x 106 PMN/45 min and 10 micromol/L simvastatin reduced this amount to 18.0 +/- 2.1 nmol.	Superoxides	86-88	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	29-38
12384495-4	2002	W-54011 also inhibited C5a-induced intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization, chemotaxis, and generation of reactive super oxide species in human neutrophils with IC(50) values of 3.1, 2.7, and 1.6 nm, respectively.	Superoxides	109-120	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	23-26
12372827-2	2002	Superoxide activates nucleotide-sensitive mitochondrial proton transport through the uncoupling proteins UCP1, UCP2, and UCP3 (Echtay, K. S., et al.	Superoxides	0-10	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	105-109
12372827-4	2002	Two possible mechanisms were proposed: direct activation of the UCP proton transport mechanism by superoxide or its products and a cycle of hydroperoxyl radical entry coupled to UCP-catalyzed superoxide anion export.	Superoxides	98-108	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	64-67
12372827-4	2002	Two possible mechanisms were proposed: direct activation of the UCP proton transport mechanism by superoxide or its products and a cycle of hydroperoxyl radical entry coupled to UCP-catalyzed superoxide anion export.	Superoxides	192-208	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	178-181
12558193-6	2002	RESULTS: Although FMLP-activated generation of inositol triphosphate and mobilisation of Ca2+ from neutrophil internal stores, as well as the magnitude of the subsequent efflux and store-operated influx of the cation were unaffected by ADA, there was a prolonged elevation in cytosolic Ca2+ in the presence of the enzyme, which was associated with failure to activate adenylate cyclase and with increased production of superoxide and release of elastase.	Superoxides	419-429	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	18-22
12468931-4	2002	Rac2-deficient mice and a human patient with a D57N Rac2 mutant share a phenotype of leukocytosis with defective neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide production in response to some, but not all, agonists.	Superoxides	139-149	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	52-56
12512695-1	2002	Ang II-induced endothelial dysfunction is associated with perivascular inflammation and increased superoxide production in the vascular wall.	Superoxides	98-108	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
12367771-4	2002	RESULTS: The superoxide generation induced by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) was significantly suppressed by betulin and lupeol depending on the concentration of the triterpenoids.	Superoxides	13-23	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	87-91
12367771-8	2002	Lupeol and betulin suppressed tyrosyl phosphorylation of a 45.0-kDa protein in fMLP-treated human neutrophils in parallel to the suppression of fMLP-induced superoxide generation, but betulinic acid did not.	Superoxides	157-167	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	79-83
12367771-8	2002	Lupeol and betulin suppressed tyrosyl phosphorylation of a 45.0-kDa protein in fMLP-treated human neutrophils in parallel to the suppression of fMLP-induced superoxide generation, but betulinic acid did not.	Superoxides	157-167	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	144-148
12521225-2	2002	When the cells were preincubated with DCEG, the superoxide generation induced by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) was enhanced in concentration-dependent manner but DCEC showed no effect.	Superoxides	48-58	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	122-126
12521225-6	2002	The superoxide generation induced by fMLP in the DCEG-treated cells was suppressed by genistein.	Superoxides	4-14	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	37-41
12521225-9	2002	The enhancement of tyrosyl phosphorylation of these proteins in the DCEG-treated cells was parallel to the enhancement of the fMLP-induced superoxide generation.	Superoxides	139-149	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	126-130
12489993-1	2002	Previously, we have demonstrated that increased superoxide generation plays a role in the nitric oxide (NO)-mediated inhibition of endothelial NO synthase (NOS III) in endothelial cells (ECs).	Superoxides	48-58	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	156-163
12489993-2	2002	In this study we demonstrate that the source of the superoxide is likely due to both NADPH oxidase and NOS III itself.	Superoxides	52-62	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	103-110
12489993-8	2002	In conclusion, our results indicate that superoxide and peroxynitrite are involved in the inhibition of NOS III by NO, and that the scavenging of superoxide may be necessary to prevent NOS III inhibition during treatments that involve inhaled NO or NO donors.	Superoxides	41-51	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	104-111
12496163-1	2003	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an enzyme that converts superoxide radicals into hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen and has been shown to contribute to the virulence of many human-pathogenic bacteria through its ability to neutralize toxic levels of reactive oxygen species generated by the host.	Superoxides	54-64	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
12234811-0	2002	Superoxide contributes to vascular dysfunction in mice that express human renin and angiotensinogen.	Superoxides	0-10	renin	Homo sapiens	74-79
12487371-1	2002	Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide radicals produced during biological oxidations and environmental stress.	Superoxides	6-16	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
12215380-5	2002	We treated cells with IFN-gamma to enhance the expression of FcgammaRI and to obtain enough production of superoxide.	Superoxides	106-116	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	22-31
12234811-0	2002	Superoxide contributes to vascular dysfunction in mice that express human renin and angiotensinogen.	Superoxides	0-10	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	84-99
12384174-5	2002	We conclude that the formation of peroxynitrite by a reaction between superoxide anion and NO is primarily responsible for the fatal cardiovascular depression induced by overproduction of NO after activation of iNOS at the RVLM.	Superoxides	70-86	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	211-215
12239175-4	2002	Coincubation with the PI3-kinase inhibitor LY294002, which in parallel experiments abolished GM-CSF-primed, fMLP-stimulated superoxide anion production and GM-CSF-stimulated PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) accumulation, inhibited the GM-CSF and TNF-alpha survival effect.	Superoxides	124-140	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	108-112
12458889-8	2002	The authors speculate that in BD patients, serum superoxide radicals may be dismutated to H2O2 by increased CuZn-SOD activity and the conversion of H2O2 to hydroxyl radical may be enhanced by iron, owing to diminished serum Trf; these mechanisms may contribute to the increased serum lipid peroxidation.	Superoxides	49-68	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	108-116
12458889-8	2002	The authors speculate that in BD patients, serum superoxide radicals may be dismutated to H2O2 by increased CuZn-SOD activity and the conversion of H2O2 to hydroxyl radical may be enhanced by iron, owing to diminished serum Trf; these mechanisms may contribute to the increased serum lipid peroxidation.	Superoxides	49-68	transferrin	Homo sapiens	224-227
12364355-6	2002	In contrast, in p47(phox-/-) mice the hypertensive response to angiotensin II infusion (122+/-4 mm Hg; P&lt;0.05) was markedly blunted, and there was no increase of vascular O2*- production.	Superoxides	174-177	NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47)	Mus musculus	16-19
12356790-8	2002	Taken together, these findings suggest that grepafloxacin evokes a priming effect on neutrophil superoxide generation intracellularly through the translocation of p47-phox and even p67-phox protein to the membrane fractions.	Superoxides	96-106	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	181-184
12352324-2	2002	This study looked for the effect of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase inhibitors on NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide anion production in THP-1 cells, a monocyte-derived cell line, and on the translocation of p21 Rac 2 and p67.	Superoxides	132-148	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	234-243
12352324-2	2002	This study looked for the effect of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase inhibitors on NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide anion production in THP-1 cells, a monocyte-derived cell line, and on the translocation of p21 Rac 2 and p67.	Superoxides	132-148	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	248-251
12218155-3	2002	Pretreatment of neutrophils with TNF-alpha or GM-CSF, while not influencing fMLP-stimulated PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 accumulation at 5 s, caused a major increase in PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 at later times (10-60 s), which paralleled the augmented superoxide anion (O2-) response.	Superoxides	229-245	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	33-42
12389121-5	2002	SOD-like activity was measured as the inhibition of nitroblue tetrazolium reduction due to superoxide anion generation by xanthine plus xanthine oxidase.	Superoxides	91-107	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
12218155-3	2002	Pretreatment of neutrophils with TNF-alpha or GM-CSF, while not influencing fMLP-stimulated PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 accumulation at 5 s, caused a major increase in PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 at later times (10-60 s), which paralleled the augmented superoxide anion (O2-) response.	Superoxides	247-249	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	33-42
12193733-11	2002	PPARgamma-mediated down-regulation of p47 phagocyte oxidase, a component of the NAD(P)H oxidase system, was identified as one molecular mechanism causing inhibition of superoxide radical formation.	Superoxides	168-178	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	0-9
12200641-5	2002	the reaction of nitric oxide and superoxide would form the strong oxidant peroxynitrite; 3) that this process would be accompanied by the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) which interacts with NOS and whose products could further affect myocardial function.	Superoxides	33-43	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	152-168
12200641-5	2002	the reaction of nitric oxide and superoxide would form the strong oxidant peroxynitrite; 3) that this process would be accompanied by the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) which interacts with NOS and whose products could further affect myocardial function.	Superoxides	33-43	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	170-175
12176910-7	2002	In addition to increasing receptor expression, GM-CSF treatment enhanced the interleukin 8 (IL-8) secretion and superoxide priming responses of neutrophils to stimulation with TLR2 ligands, including zymosan, peptidoglycan, and lipoarabinomannan.	Superoxides	112-122	toll like receptor 2	Homo sapiens	176-180
12176910-9	2002	The removal of TLR2 lipopeptide components from LPS by phenol re-extraction substantially reduced both the IL-8 and superoxide response of the stimulated neutrophils, indicating that, unlike monocytes, the neutrophil response is preferentially directed to TLR2 ligands.	Superoxides	116-126	toll like receptor 2	Homo sapiens	15-19
12172481-5	2002	Superoxide radicals generated by the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase may thus contribute to impaired endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation by the inactivation of nitric oxide, and more generally to vascular dysfunction, thereby contributing to accelerated atherosclerosis in diabetic patients.	Superoxides	0-19	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	53-104
12192108-5	2002	Investigation results suggest that all three subtypes of eotaxin directly stimulate eosinophil superoxide anion generation that is inhibited by neutralizing eotaxin antibody or pretreatment of cells with the receptor antibody anti-CCR3.	Superoxides	95-111	C-C motif chemokine ligand 11	Homo sapiens	57-64
12192108-5	2002	Investigation results suggest that all three subtypes of eotaxin directly stimulate eosinophil superoxide anion generation that is inhibited by neutralizing eotaxin antibody or pretreatment of cells with the receptor antibody anti-CCR3.	Superoxides	95-111	C-C motif chemokine ligand 11	Homo sapiens	157-164
12123763-2	2002	Since the vascular levels of O(2)(*-) are regulated by the superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes, a role of SOD in the cardiovascular disease is of substantial interest.	Superoxides	29-33	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	59-79
12479880-9	2002	fMLP-induced superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) production was, however, attenuated by insulin.	Superoxides	13-29	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
12479880-9	2002	fMLP-induced superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) production was, however, attenuated by insulin.	Superoxides	31-35	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
12183682-0	2002	Inhibition by naloxone stereoisomers of beta-amyloid peptide (1-42)-induced superoxide production in microglia and degeneration of cortical and mesencephalic neurons.	Superoxides	76-86	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	40-66
12165299-4	2002	The peroxidase-catalyzed degradation of cell-wall polysaccharides can be inhibited by KCN and superoxide radical (O(2)*) or OH* scavengers.	Superoxides	94-112	peroxidase	Glycine max	4-14
12165299-4	2002	The peroxidase-catalyzed degradation of cell-wall polysaccharides can be inhibited by KCN and superoxide radical (O(2)*) or OH* scavengers.	Superoxides	114-120	peroxidase	Glycine max	4-14
12186546-12	2002	In contrast to its effect on NO synthesis, hsp90 dose-dependently inhibited O(2)(-.)	Superoxides	76-80	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Rattus norvegicus	43-48
12123763-2	2002	Since the vascular levels of O(2)(*-) are regulated by the superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes, a role of SOD in the cardiovascular disease is of substantial interest.	Superoxides	29-33	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	81-84
12123763-2	2002	Since the vascular levels of O(2)(*-) are regulated by the superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes, a role of SOD in the cardiovascular disease is of substantial interest.	Superoxides	29-33	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	105-108
12184785-6	2002	SOD and catalase inhibited the DNA damage, suggesting that DNA damage involved superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	79-95	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-16
12421025-4	2002	CONCLUSION: The decreased SOD level in long term and low dose of HU therapy in E beta thalassaemia may have some role to inhibit superoxide radical of erythrocyte.	Superoxides	129-147	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	26-29
12104090-3	2002	SOD activity was expressed as the amount of protein causing a 50% inhibition of formazan dye (505 nm), employing xanthine and xanthine oxidase to generate superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	155-165	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
12172875-0	2002	Cryopreservation of reduced cytochrome C for determination of N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine-stimulated superoxide anion production in human whole blood.	Superoxides	113-129	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	28-40
12172875-3	2002	In the present study, an improved cytochrome C assay was investigated which allowed measurements of superoxide anions in whole blood samples following activation of phagocytes by physiological stimuli such as the bacterial tripeptide N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP).	Superoxides	100-117	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	34-46
12172875-4	2002	The fMLP-stimulated production of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) showed a sigmoidal-shaped fMLP dose-response curve, and constant O(2)(-) production rates (nmol.1(-1)x10(6) granulocytes) could be determined reliably up to a blood granulocyte concentration of 1 x 10(4) x microl(-1).	Superoxides	34-50	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	4-8
12172875-4	2002	The fMLP-stimulated production of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) showed a sigmoidal-shaped fMLP dose-response curve, and constant O(2)(-) production rates (nmol.1(-1)x10(6) granulocytes) could be determined reliably up to a blood granulocyte concentration of 1 x 10(4) x microl(-1).	Superoxides	34-50	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	87-91
12170264-7	2002	Superoxide anion generation and degranulation were suppressed by means of inhibition of either PKC or PKA.	Superoxides	0-16	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	95-98
12170264-8	2002	CONCLUSION: PKC and PKA negatively regulate PAF-induced CD11b upregulation and cellular adhesion but promote eosinophil effector functions, such as superoxide anion generation and degranulation.	Superoxides	148-164	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	12-15
12225656-1	2002	Previous studies have observed that the recently described endogenous opioid, nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NOC/oFQ), contributes to impairment of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced cerebrovasodilation following fluid percussion brain injury (FPI) via a cyclooxygenase (COX)-dependent generation of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)).	Superoxides	294-310	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	78-88
12225656-1	2002	Previous studies have observed that the recently described endogenous opioid, nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NOC/oFQ), contributes to impairment of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced cerebrovasodilation following fluid percussion brain injury (FPI) via a cyclooxygenase (COX)-dependent generation of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)).	Superoxides	294-310	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	89-100
12225656-1	2002	Previous studies have observed that the recently described endogenous opioid, nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NOC/oFQ), contributes to impairment of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced cerebrovasodilation following fluid percussion brain injury (FPI) via a cyclooxygenase (COX)-dependent generation of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)).	Superoxides	294-310	nocturnin	Homo sapiens	102-105
12225656-1	2002	Previous studies have observed that the recently described endogenous opioid, nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NOC/oFQ), contributes to impairment of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced cerebrovasodilation following fluid percussion brain injury (FPI) via a cyclooxygenase (COX)-dependent generation of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)).	Superoxides	294-310	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	106-109
12225656-1	2002	Previous studies have observed that the recently described endogenous opioid, nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NOC/oFQ), contributes to impairment of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced cerebrovasodilation following fluid percussion brain injury (FPI) via a cyclooxygenase (COX)-dependent generation of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)).	Superoxides	312-316	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	78-88
12225656-1	2002	Previous studies have observed that the recently described endogenous opioid, nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NOC/oFQ), contributes to impairment of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced cerebrovasodilation following fluid percussion brain injury (FPI) via a cyclooxygenase (COX)-dependent generation of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)).	Superoxides	312-316	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	89-100
12225656-1	2002	Previous studies have observed that the recently described endogenous opioid, nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NOC/oFQ), contributes to impairment of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced cerebrovasodilation following fluid percussion brain injury (FPI) via a cyclooxygenase (COX)-dependent generation of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)).	Superoxides	312-316	nocturnin	Homo sapiens	102-105
12225656-1	2002	Previous studies have observed that the recently described endogenous opioid, nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NOC/oFQ), contributes to impairment of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced cerebrovasodilation following fluid percussion brain injury (FPI) via a cyclooxygenase (COX)-dependent generation of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)).	Superoxides	312-316	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	106-109
12011051-5	2002	Previous reports have concluded that retinoic acid and superoxide activate proton transport by UCP2.	Superoxides	55-65	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	95-99
12270686-1	2002	Alterations in the activity of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1), an enzyme that converts superoxide (O(.-)(2)) to hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) plus O(2), have been found to affect cellular susceptibility to oxidative stress and have been invoked as a pathogenetic mechanism in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases.	Superoxides	37-47	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	59-63
12194501-3	2002	Among the various biochemical events associated with these conditions, emerging evidence suggests the formation of superoxide anion and expression/activity of its endogenous scavenger, superoxide dismutase (SOD), as a common denominator.	Superoxides	115-131	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	185-205
12194501-3	2002	Among the various biochemical events associated with these conditions, emerging evidence suggests the formation of superoxide anion and expression/activity of its endogenous scavenger, superoxide dismutase (SOD), as a common denominator.	Superoxides	115-131	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	207-210
12138286-4	2002	Following 6 weeks of EPO treatment in CAPD patients, both the rate of superoxide release from PMNLs and PMNL counts fell significantly when compared with the pretreatment values.	Superoxides	70-80	erythropoietin	Homo sapiens	21-24
12138286-5	2002	In vitro incubation of PMNLs from CAPD patients with increasing amounts of EPO displayed a significant reduction in their rates of superoxide release.	Superoxides	131-141	erythropoietin	Homo sapiens	75-78
12175817-5	2002	SOD (200 U/mL, 5-min preincubation) restored the stimulatory effect of ANG II (1.31 +/- 0.08-fold; n = 4; P &lt; 0.05 compared to 10(-7) M alone), suggesting a role for superoxide.	Superoxides	169-179	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	71-77
12083801-9	2002	In this study, we for the first time demonstrate a novel mechanism, independent of Ras activation but initiated by superoxide anion production, for PPARgamma agonists to trigger the Raf-MEK-ERK1/2 signaling pathway.	Superoxides	115-131	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	148-157
12109776-10	2002	The activity of the superoxide scavenger, Cu/Zn-SOD, in the thoracic aorta was significantly decreased in SHR fed a Zn-deficient diet relative to SHR fed a standard diet.	Superoxides	20-30	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	42-51
12109776-11	2002	It appears that a decrease in the activity of Cu/Zn-SOD observed in the thoracic aorta of SHR fed a Zn-deficient diet at least in part plays a role in an increase in the action of superoxide in this model.	Superoxides	180-190	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	46-55
12039851-5	2002	In vitro experiments confirm that iNOS can produce superoxide mainly from the heme domain, whereas BH4 administration can reverse this superoxide production in the presence of adequate anti-oxidant defense.	Superoxides	51-61	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	34-38
12065474-5	2002	Increased C5aR expression following treatment with acapsular cryptococci was accompanied by increased binding of C5a to PMN, increased superoxide production in response to stimulation with C5a, and an increased chemotactic response to C5a.	Superoxides	135-145	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	10-14
12065474-5	2002	Increased C5aR expression following treatment with acapsular cryptococci was accompanied by increased binding of C5a to PMN, increased superoxide production in response to stimulation with C5a, and an increased chemotactic response to C5a.	Superoxides	135-145	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	10-13
12180008-6	2002	Superoxide integrates many activities of this kind and is important for physiological function of myeloperoxidase.	Superoxides	0-10	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	98-113
12089369-13	2002	p38 MAPK inhibition with 10 microM SB202190 that also decreased ANCA-induced superoxide generation prevented S473 phosphorylation of Akt in response to TNF-alpha and to ANCA.	Superoxides	77-87	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	0-3
12089369-13	2002	p38 MAPK inhibition with 10 microM SB202190 that also decreased ANCA-induced superoxide generation prevented S473 phosphorylation of Akt in response to TNF-alpha and to ANCA.	Superoxides	77-87	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	133-136
12089369-13	2002	p38 MAPK inhibition with 10 microM SB202190 that also decreased ANCA-induced superoxide generation prevented S473 phosphorylation of Akt in response to TNF-alpha and to ANCA.	Superoxides	77-87	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	152-161
12089369-14	2002	However, SB202190 but not LY294002 abrogated TNF-alpha-mediated ANCA antigen surface translocation, demonstrating that superoxide generation and ANCA antigen translocation proceed by separate mechanisms.	Superoxides	119-129	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	45-54
12131535-3	2002	The effect of tempol on Ang II-evoked superoxide production was assessed in aortic rings.	Superoxides	38-48	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	24-30
12131535-10	2002	CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that increased superoxide anions mediate vasoconstrictor responses to Ang II, but not to other agonists, in an endothelium-dependent manner, by quenching vasodilatory mediator, nitric oxide.	Superoxides	47-64	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	102-108
12083801-9	2002	In this study, we for the first time demonstrate a novel mechanism, independent of Ras activation but initiated by superoxide anion production, for PPARgamma agonists to trigger the Raf-MEK-ERK1/2 signaling pathway.	Superoxides	115-131	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	186-189
12083801-9	2002	In this study, we for the first time demonstrate a novel mechanism, independent of Ras activation but initiated by superoxide anion production, for PPARgamma agonists to trigger the Raf-MEK-ERK1/2 signaling pathway.	Superoxides	115-131	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	190-196
12100471-1	2002	The inducible nitrogen oxygen synthase (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) system acting in concert with superoxide radicals is recognized as a powerful macrophage microbicidal mechanism.	Superoxides	98-108	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	4-38
12083801-0	2002	Superoxide anion-dependent Raf/MEK/ERK activation by peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma agonists 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2), ciglitazone, and GW1929.	Superoxides	0-16	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	31-34
12083801-0	2002	Superoxide anion-dependent Raf/MEK/ERK activation by peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma agonists 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2), ciglitazone, and GW1929.	Superoxides	0-16	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	35-38
12083801-7	2002	Chemiluminescence study reveals that these three PPARgamma agonists are able to induce superoxide anion production, with an efficacy similar to their action on ERK phosphorylation.	Superoxides	87-103	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	49-58
12083801-8	2002	Consistent with this notion, we also show that superoxide anion donor 2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphoquinone elicits ERK phosphorylation.	Superoxides	47-63	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	109-112
12095130-7	2002	The maximal rate of superoxide production was measured by reduction of cytochrome C.	Superoxides	20-30	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	71-83
12100471-1	2002	The inducible nitrogen oxygen synthase (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) system acting in concert with superoxide radicals is recognized as a powerful macrophage microbicidal mechanism.	Superoxides	98-108	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	40-44
12298152-7	2002	The participation of IFN-gamma in immune reactions of CNS also is carried out at the expense of amplification under its influence of superoxide production, NO and prostaglandine synthesis, expression in astrocytes and microglial cells of ICAM adgesive molecule.	Superoxides	133-143	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	21-30
11948371-4	2002	Evidence suggests that sustained upregulation of the inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase (NOS-2) co-localizes with enterocyte apoptosis and immunoreactivity to 3-nitrotyrosine, the footprint of peroxynitrite (ONOO-), a potent oxidant formed by the reaction of nitric oxide (NO) with superoxide.	Superoxides	290-300	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	97-102
12056906-8	2002	In addition, PKC alpha, beta II, delta, and zeta were able to induce production of superoxide anions in a cell-free system using recombinant cytosolic proteins.	Superoxides	83-100	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	13-48
12049845-1	2002	Four terpenylnaphthoquinones were found to enhance the rate of superoxide production in the presence of ascorbate as detected from the superoxide dismutase (SOD)-inhibitable initial oxygen consumption rates.	Superoxides	63-73	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	135-155
12057773-7	2002	At normal SOD levels, the outcome depends on the ratio between the rate of processes that consume superoxide without forming H(2)O(2) and the rate of processes that consume superoxide with high (&gt;/= 1) H(2)O(2) yield.	Superoxides	98-108	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	10-13
12057773-7	2002	At normal SOD levels, the outcome depends on the ratio between the rate of processes that consume superoxide without forming H(2)O(2) and the rate of processes that consume superoxide with high (&gt;/= 1) H(2)O(2) yield.	Superoxides	173-183	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	10-13
12057773-11	2002	According to the minimal model, only where most superoxide is eliminated through H(2)O(2)-free processes does SOD activity have the moderately large influence on H(2)O(2) production observed in some experiments.	Superoxides	48-58	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	110-113
12049845-1	2002	Four terpenylnaphthoquinones were found to enhance the rate of superoxide production in the presence of ascorbate as detected from the superoxide dismutase (SOD)-inhibitable initial oxygen consumption rates.	Superoxides	63-73	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	157-160
11959468-9	2002	In the case of chemically unstable substrates, such as superoxide anion, ionic repulsion slow down the approach rate of the substrate so that spontaneous decomposition can prevail over the reaction with Cyt C incorporated in the coating.	Superoxides	55-71	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	203-208
11997240-7	2002	These findings suggest that HS-activated cAMP/PKA signaling inhibits superoxide formation by intercepting fMLP-induced activation steps upstream of ERK and p38.	Superoxides	69-79	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	148-151
11997240-7	2002	These findings suggest that HS-activated cAMP/PKA signaling inhibits superoxide formation by intercepting fMLP-induced activation steps upstream of ERK and p38.	Superoxides	69-79	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	156-159
12003789-11	2002	Thus physiological hypoxia leads to p38 phosphorylation through a mechanism that requires electron flux in the proximal region of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, which suggests that either H(2)O(2) or superoxide participates in activating that process.	Superoxides	213-223	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	36-39
11997668-6	2002	Instead, we observed that incubation of HIT and RIN lysates with peroxynitrite, a reactive intermediate of nitric oxide with superoxide anion, resulted in significant reduction in the GAPDH activity.	Superoxides	125-141	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	184-189
12031983-14	2002	Restoration of vasorelaxation with PEG-SOD or allopurinol suggests that the mechanism(s) by which IL-10 preserves endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation involves O(2-), perhaps by reducing production of O(2-) by xanthine oxidase.	Superoxides	160-165	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	98-103
12028049-4	2002	These differentiated cells also produced quantities of superoxide anion similar to those produced by blood neutrophils, in response to physiological stimuli (fMLP); in addition, the fMLP-induced respiratory burst was primed by the proinflammatory cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor.	Superoxides	55-71	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	158-162
12028049-4	2002	These differentiated cells also produced quantities of superoxide anion similar to those produced by blood neutrophils, in response to physiological stimuli (fMLP); in addition, the fMLP-induced respiratory burst was primed by the proinflammatory cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor.	Superoxides	55-71	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	182-186
12067251-10	2002	p53 mutagenesis by BP-7,8-dione was attenuated by ROS scavengers and completely abrogated by a combination of superoxide dismutase and catalase, indicating that both superoxide anion and hydroxyl radicals were the responsible mutagens.	Superoxides	166-182	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	0-3
12087347-0	2002	Angiotensin II attenuates the vasodilating effect of a nitric oxide donor, glyceryl trinitrate: roles of superoxide and angiotensin II type 1 receptors.	Superoxides	105-115	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
12087347-8	2002	CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that angiotensin II may attenuate the arterial vasodilating effect of glyceryl trinitrate through angiotensin type 1 receptors and presumably through receptor-mediated superoxide production, which may be relevant to the development of nitrate tolerance.	Superoxides	200-210	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	37-51
12031983-0	2002	Interleukin-10 protects nitric oxide-dependent relaxation during diabetes: role of superoxide.	Superoxides	83-93	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	0-14
12031983-14	2002	Restoration of vasorelaxation with PEG-SOD or allopurinol suggests that the mechanism(s) by which IL-10 preserves endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation involves O(2-), perhaps by reducing production of O(2-) by xanthine oxidase.	Superoxides	201-206	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	98-103
12011487-9	2002	Spectrofluorimetric experiments with the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase showed that superoxide anions (O2*-) and H(2)O(2) are generated in silica-treated medium, but these ROS do not fully account for the induction of the intracellular ROS response.	Superoxides	107-124	catalase	Homo sapiens	86-94
12031898-7	2002	Further investigations into the mechanisms by which AA induced MnSOD expression showed that superoxide anions released from AA metabolism act as second messengers via a signal-controlling pathway involving protein kinase C and p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK).	Superoxides	92-109	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	227-263
12007146-1	2002	Free radicals, such as superoxide and nitric oxide, are known to play a role in a number of inflammatory and degenerative brain diseases, in which resident microglia upregulate the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and thus produce large amounts of nitric oxide.	Superoxides	23-33	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	181-212
12007146-1	2002	Free radicals, such as superoxide and nitric oxide, are known to play a role in a number of inflammatory and degenerative brain diseases, in which resident microglia upregulate the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and thus produce large amounts of nitric oxide.	Superoxides	23-33	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	214-218
12023388-2	2002	We hypothesized that inhibiting superoxide production during inducible NO synthase induction would suppress oxidative/nitrative stress and result in less severe lung injury.	Superoxides	32-42	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	61-82
12323112-0	2002	Insulin"s stimulation of endothelial superoxide generation may reflect up-regulation of isoprenyl transferase activity that promotes rac translocation.	Superoxides	37-47	insulin	Homo sapiens	0-7
12137755-7	2002	Granulocytes obtained from mice injected with Stx 2 showed reduced superoxide-producing activity compared with those from controls.	Superoxides	67-77	syntaxin 2	Mus musculus	46-51
12011487-9	2002	Spectrofluorimetric experiments with the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase showed that superoxide anions (O2*-) and H(2)O(2) are generated in silica-treated medium, but these ROS do not fully account for the induction of the intracellular ROS response.	Superoxides	126-128	catalase	Homo sapiens	86-94
11896062-1	2002	Activation of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes is the result of the assembly of a membrane-localized flavocytochrome (cytochrome b(559)) with the cytosolic components p47(phox), p67(phox), and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	18-28	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	199-202
11896062-1	2002	Activation of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes is the result of the assembly of a membrane-localized flavocytochrome (cytochrome b(559)) with the cytosolic components p47(phox), p67(phox), and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	18-28	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	231-234
11959652-6	2002	A combination of substance P and EGTA enhanced superoxide generation without an increase in DNA synthesis, showing that an increase in superoxide production does not result in hyperplasia when extracellular Ca(2+) is chelated.	Superoxides	47-57	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	17-28
12021231-13	2002	CONCLUSIONS: Ang II induces proliferation of VSMCs via production of superoxide, which enhances the expression of Id3.	Superoxides	69-79	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	13-19
12021231-13	2002	CONCLUSIONS: Ang II induces proliferation of VSMCs via production of superoxide, which enhances the expression of Id3.	Superoxides	69-79	inhibitor of DNA binding 3, HLH protein	Homo sapiens	114-117
12038771-0	2002	Superoxide dismutase-based third-generation biosensor for superoxide anion.	Superoxides	58-74	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
12038771-1	2002	A third-generation biosensor for superoxide anion (O2-) was developed by immobilizing superoxide dismutase (SOD) on a self-assembled monolayer of cysteine on gold electrode; i.e., a SOD/cysteine-modified gold electrode (SOD/Cys/Au) was fabricated.	Superoxides	33-49	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	86-106
12038771-1	2002	A third-generation biosensor for superoxide anion (O2-) was developed by immobilizing superoxide dismutase (SOD) on a self-assembled monolayer of cysteine on gold electrode; i.e., a SOD/cysteine-modified gold electrode (SOD/Cys/Au) was fabricated.	Superoxides	33-49	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	108-111
12038771-1	2002	A third-generation biosensor for superoxide anion (O2-) was developed by immobilizing superoxide dismutase (SOD) on a self-assembled monolayer of cysteine on gold electrode; i.e., a SOD/cysteine-modified gold electrode (SOD/Cys/Au) was fabricated.	Superoxides	33-49	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	182-185
12038771-1	2002	A third-generation biosensor for superoxide anion (O2-) was developed by immobilizing superoxide dismutase (SOD) on a self-assembled monolayer of cysteine on gold electrode; i.e., a SOD/cysteine-modified gold electrode (SOD/Cys/Au) was fabricated.	Superoxides	33-49	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	182-185
12038771-1	2002	A third-generation biosensor for superoxide anion (O2-) was developed by immobilizing superoxide dismutase (SOD) on a self-assembled monolayer of cysteine on gold electrode; i.e., a SOD/cysteine-modified gold electrode (SOD/Cys/Au) was fabricated.	Superoxides	51-53	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	86-106
12038771-1	2002	A third-generation biosensor for superoxide anion (O2-) was developed by immobilizing superoxide dismutase (SOD) on a self-assembled monolayer of cysteine on gold electrode; i.e., a SOD/cysteine-modified gold electrode (SOD/Cys/Au) was fabricated.	Superoxides	51-53	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	108-111
12038771-1	2002	A third-generation biosensor for superoxide anion (O2-) was developed by immobilizing superoxide dismutase (SOD) on a self-assembled monolayer of cysteine on gold electrode; i.e., a SOD/cysteine-modified gold electrode (SOD/Cys/Au) was fabricated.	Superoxides	51-53	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	182-185
12038771-1	2002	A third-generation biosensor for superoxide anion (O2-) was developed by immobilizing superoxide dismutase (SOD) on a self-assembled monolayer of cysteine on gold electrode; i.e., a SOD/cysteine-modified gold electrode (SOD/Cys/Au) was fabricated.	Superoxides	51-53	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	182-185
12038771-3	2002	The promoted direct electron transfer of SOD and biomolecular recognition by the exploitation of specific and significant enzyme-substrate reactivity of SOD toward O2- combined with the low operating potential enabled a sensitive measurement of O2-.	Superoxides	164-166	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	41-44
12038771-3	2002	The promoted direct electron transfer of SOD and biomolecular recognition by the exploitation of specific and significant enzyme-substrate reactivity of SOD toward O2- combined with the low operating potential enabled a sensitive measurement of O2-.	Superoxides	164-166	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	153-156
12038771-3	2002	The promoted direct electron transfer of SOD and biomolecular recognition by the exploitation of specific and significant enzyme-substrate reactivity of SOD toward O2- combined with the low operating potential enabled a sensitive measurement of O2-.	Superoxides	245-247	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	41-44
12038771-3	2002	The promoted direct electron transfer of SOD and biomolecular recognition by the exploitation of specific and significant enzyme-substrate reactivity of SOD toward O2- combined with the low operating potential enabled a sensitive measurement of O2-.	Superoxides	245-247	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	153-156
12038771-4	2002	At SOD/Cys/Au, O2- could be specifically oxidized and reduced to O2 and hydrogen peroxide, respectively, through the inherent catalytic reaction of SOD.	Superoxides	15-17	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	3-6
12038771-4	2002	At SOD/Cys/Au, O2- could be specifically oxidized and reduced to O2 and hydrogen peroxide, respectively, through the inherent catalytic reaction of SOD.	Superoxides	15-17	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	148-151
12038771-4	2002	At SOD/Cys/Au, O2- could be specifically oxidized and reduced to O2 and hydrogen peroxide, respectively, through the inherent catalytic reaction of SOD.	Superoxides	65-67	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	3-6
12038771-4	2002	At SOD/Cys/Au, O2- could be specifically oxidized and reduced to O2 and hydrogen peroxide, respectively, through the inherent catalytic reaction of SOD.	Superoxides	65-67	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	148-151
12038771-7	2002	The response mechanism of SOD/Cys/Au to O2- and its sensor characteristics are also presented and discussed.	Superoxides	40-42	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	26-29
12123083-1	2002	A superoxide dismutase (SOD)-modified electrode, in which SOD is oriented on the gold electrode via a self-assembled monolayer of cysteine so as to allow its direct electrode reaction, possesses a bi-directional electrocatalysis for both the oxidation of superoxide ion (O2-) to O2 and the reduction of O2- to H2O2 and functions as a third generation O2- biosensor.	Superoxides	2-12	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	24-27
12123083-1	2002	A superoxide dismutase (SOD)-modified electrode, in which SOD is oriented on the gold electrode via a self-assembled monolayer of cysteine so as to allow its direct electrode reaction, possesses a bi-directional electrocatalysis for both the oxidation of superoxide ion (O2-) to O2 and the reduction of O2- to H2O2 and functions as a third generation O2- biosensor.	Superoxides	2-12	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	58-61
12123083-1	2002	A superoxide dismutase (SOD)-modified electrode, in which SOD is oriented on the gold electrode via a self-assembled monolayer of cysteine so as to allow its direct electrode reaction, possesses a bi-directional electrocatalysis for both the oxidation of superoxide ion (O2-) to O2 and the reduction of O2- to H2O2 and functions as a third generation O2- biosensor.	Superoxides	271-273	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	2-22
12123083-1	2002	A superoxide dismutase (SOD)-modified electrode, in which SOD is oriented on the gold electrode via a self-assembled monolayer of cysteine so as to allow its direct electrode reaction, possesses a bi-directional electrocatalysis for both the oxidation of superoxide ion (O2-) to O2 and the reduction of O2- to H2O2 and functions as a third generation O2- biosensor.	Superoxides	271-273	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	24-27
12123083-1	2002	A superoxide dismutase (SOD)-modified electrode, in which SOD is oriented on the gold electrode via a self-assembled monolayer of cysteine so as to allow its direct electrode reaction, possesses a bi-directional electrocatalysis for both the oxidation of superoxide ion (O2-) to O2 and the reduction of O2- to H2O2 and functions as a third generation O2- biosensor.	Superoxides	271-273	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	58-61
12123083-1	2002	A superoxide dismutase (SOD)-modified electrode, in which SOD is oriented on the gold electrode via a self-assembled monolayer of cysteine so as to allow its direct electrode reaction, possesses a bi-directional electrocatalysis for both the oxidation of superoxide ion (O2-) to O2 and the reduction of O2- to H2O2 and functions as a third generation O2- biosensor.	Superoxides	279-281	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	2-22
12123083-1	2002	A superoxide dismutase (SOD)-modified electrode, in which SOD is oriented on the gold electrode via a self-assembled monolayer of cysteine so as to allow its direct electrode reaction, possesses a bi-directional electrocatalysis for both the oxidation of superoxide ion (O2-) to O2 and the reduction of O2- to H2O2 and functions as a third generation O2- biosensor.	Superoxides	279-281	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	24-27
12123083-1	2002	A superoxide dismutase (SOD)-modified electrode, in which SOD is oriented on the gold electrode via a self-assembled monolayer of cysteine so as to allow its direct electrode reaction, possesses a bi-directional electrocatalysis for both the oxidation of superoxide ion (O2-) to O2 and the reduction of O2- to H2O2 and functions as a third generation O2- biosensor.	Superoxides	279-281	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	58-61
12123083-1	2002	A superoxide dismutase (SOD)-modified electrode, in which SOD is oriented on the gold electrode via a self-assembled monolayer of cysteine so as to allow its direct electrode reaction, possesses a bi-directional electrocatalysis for both the oxidation of superoxide ion (O2-) to O2 and the reduction of O2- to H2O2 and functions as a third generation O2- biosensor.	Superoxides	279-281	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	2-22
12123083-1	2002	A superoxide dismutase (SOD)-modified electrode, in which SOD is oriented on the gold electrode via a self-assembled monolayer of cysteine so as to allow its direct electrode reaction, possesses a bi-directional electrocatalysis for both the oxidation of superoxide ion (O2-) to O2 and the reduction of O2- to H2O2 and functions as a third generation O2- biosensor.	Superoxides	279-281	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	24-27
12123083-1	2002	A superoxide dismutase (SOD)-modified electrode, in which SOD is oriented on the gold electrode via a self-assembled monolayer of cysteine so as to allow its direct electrode reaction, possesses a bi-directional electrocatalysis for both the oxidation of superoxide ion (O2-) to O2 and the reduction of O2- to H2O2 and functions as a third generation O2- biosensor.	Superoxides	279-281	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	58-61
12123083-1	2002	A superoxide dismutase (SOD)-modified electrode, in which SOD is oriented on the gold electrode via a self-assembled monolayer of cysteine so as to allow its direct electrode reaction, possesses a bi-directional electrocatalysis for both the oxidation of superoxide ion (O2-) to O2 and the reduction of O2- to H2O2 and functions as a third generation O2- biosensor.	Superoxides	279-281	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	2-22
12123083-1	2002	A superoxide dismutase (SOD)-modified electrode, in which SOD is oriented on the gold electrode via a self-assembled monolayer of cysteine so as to allow its direct electrode reaction, possesses a bi-directional electrocatalysis for both the oxidation of superoxide ion (O2-) to O2 and the reduction of O2- to H2O2 and functions as a third generation O2- biosensor.	Superoxides	279-281	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	24-27
12123083-1	2002	A superoxide dismutase (SOD)-modified electrode, in which SOD is oriented on the gold electrode via a self-assembled monolayer of cysteine so as to allow its direct electrode reaction, possesses a bi-directional electrocatalysis for both the oxidation of superoxide ion (O2-) to O2 and the reduction of O2- to H2O2 and functions as a third generation O2- biosensor.	Superoxides	279-281	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	58-61
11959633-1	2002	Our purpose was to address the role of NAPDH oxidase-derived superoxide anion in the vascular response to ANG II.	Superoxides	61-77	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	106-112
11959633-4	2002	Superoxide anion levels were increased twofold in ANG II-treated wild-type mice but not in hSOD mice.	Superoxides	0-16	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	50-56
11959652-0	2002	Calcium- and superoxide anion-mediated mitogenic action of substance P on cardiac fibroblasts.	Superoxides	13-29	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	59-70
11962667-5	2002	The antioxidant capacities of each material were assessed by their ability to inhibit cytochrome C reduction by O2*- fluxes, generated via the oxidation of hypoxanthine by xanthine oxidase, and their inhibition of 2-deoxy-D-ribose degradation by *OH fluxes, generated by the reaction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and iron (Fe2+).	Superoxides	112-114	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	86-98
12374897-0	2002	Antioxidative effects of fluvastatin on superoxide anion activated by angiotensin II in human aortic smooth muscle cells.	Superoxides	40-56	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	70-84
12374897-1	2002	We examined the antioxidative effects of fluvastatin, a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor (statin), on superoxide anion formation activated by angiotensin II (Ang II) in vitro.	Superoxides	127-143	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	167-181
12374897-3	2002	Treatment of human aortic smooth muscle cells (hASMC) with Ang II for 24 hours resulted in a 3.2 +/- 0.5-fold increase in intracellular superoxide anion formation as detected by lucigenin assay.	Superoxides	136-152	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	59-65
12374897-4	2002	hASMC treated with clinical concentrations of fluvastatin (0-100 nM) showed a dose-dependent decrease in Ang II-activated superoxide anion formation.	Superoxides	122-138	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	105-111
12374897-5	2002	The addition of similar concentrations of trolox to hASMC inhibited Ang II-activated superoxide anion formation in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	85-101	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	68-74
11955672-8	2002	As no changes in glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were observed in overfed rats, while SOD and Cu-Zn SOD activities were decreased in these animals, it is assumed that superoxide anion is an important intermediate in the toxicity of ad lib.	Superoxides	167-183	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	94-103
11953403-0	2002	A superoxide-hypersusceptible Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium mutant is attenuated but regains virulence in p47(phox-/-) mice.	Superoxides	2-12	NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47)	Mus musculus	116-119
11961046-8	2002	Time course studies and experiments with SN50 and M40403 suggest that O(2) production and NF-kappaB translocation may be involved in necrosis and apoptosis, but the latter also requires an increased expression of Bax.	Superoxides	70-74	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	213-216
12398152-8	2002	Under physiological conditions, thiyl radicals can react with thiolate anion yielding disulfide radical anion (RSSR)-* as an intermediate and finally disulfides and superoxide radical anion (O2-*), which is next inactivated in the reaction catalyzed by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	165-189	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	253-273
12398152-8	2002	Under physiological conditions, thiyl radicals can react with thiolate anion yielding disulfide radical anion (RSSR)-* as an intermediate and finally disulfides and superoxide radical anion (O2-*), which is next inactivated in the reaction catalyzed by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	165-189	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	275-278
12398152-8	2002	Under physiological conditions, thiyl radicals can react with thiolate anion yielding disulfide radical anion (RSSR)-* as an intermediate and finally disulfides and superoxide radical anion (O2-*), which is next inactivated in the reaction catalyzed by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	191-193	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	253-273
12398152-8	2002	Under physiological conditions, thiyl radicals can react with thiolate anion yielding disulfide radical anion (RSSR)-* as an intermediate and finally disulfides and superoxide radical anion (O2-*), which is next inactivated in the reaction catalyzed by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	191-193	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	275-278
12038779-10	2002	CONCLUSIONS: LDL cholesterol increases platelet O2- production by activating PLA2 and NADH/NADPH enzymes.	Superoxides	48-50	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	77-81
12173415-12	2002	FMLP stimulated the production of superoxide; however, 8,9-EET did not.	Superoxides	34-44	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
11991808-2	2002	In approximately 20% of the familial and 2% of sporadic cases the disease is due to a defect in the gene encoding the cytosolic antioxidant enzyme Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1).	Superoxides	154-164	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	176-180
11937300-0	2002	Genetic control of neutrophil superoxide production in diabetes-resistant ALR/Lt mice.	Superoxides	30-40	growth factor, augmenter of liver regeneration	Mus musculus	74-77
11937300-3	2002	In contrast, ALR mice exhibited a markedly suppressed superoxide burst.	Superoxides	54-64	growth factor, augmenter of liver regeneration	Mus musculus	13-16
11959796-17	2002	These results suggest that in STZ-induced diabetic rats, ET-1 may be directly involved in impairing endothelium-dependent relaxation via increased superoxide-anion production.	Superoxides	147-163	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	57-61
12101082-4	2002	In addition, analysis of the mode of action of IL-1 beta revealed a novel induction of intracellular ROS, including hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), the superoxide anion (O(2)(-*)) and the hydroxyl radical (*OH).	Superoxides	150-166	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	47-56
11938511-0	2002	Exposure to particles stimulates superoxide production by human THP-1 macrophages and avian HD-11EM osteoclasts activated by tumor necrosis factor-alpha and PMA.	Superoxides	33-43	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	64-69
11938511-0	2002	Exposure to particles stimulates superoxide production by human THP-1 macrophages and avian HD-11EM osteoclasts activated by tumor necrosis factor-alpha and PMA.	Superoxides	33-43	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	125-152
11938511-5	2002	Similarly, particle stimulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha-activated THP-1 cells increased O2- release.	Superoxides	95-97	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	35-62
11938511-5	2002	Similarly, particle stimulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha-activated THP-1 cells increased O2- release.	Superoxides	95-97	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	73-78
11927650-5	2002	Glucosamine (0.01-1 mM) dose-dependently suppressed the superoxide anion generation induced by formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) or complement-opsonized zymosan and inhibited the phagocytosis of complement-opsonized zymosan or IgG-opsonized latex particles.	Superoxides	56-72	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	115-119
11927657-4	2002	The ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF)-inhibitor brefeldin A (BFA) inhibited the fMLP-stimulated O2*- production strongly, whereas it did not influence any of the exocytic responses, and no significant effect of BFA was detected on the O2*- generation induced by other stimuli.	Superoxides	92-94	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	76-80
11927657-5	2002	On the basis of these results, we propose that upon chemoattractant stimulation, PLD activity is involved in induction of degranulation and O2*- production, but a BFA-sensitive ARF is only required to the activation of the NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	140-144	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	81-84
12034023-5	2002	Macrophage functions, such as production of superoxide anion and phagocytosis, also were stimulated by IL-1beta gene injection.	Superoxides	44-60	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	103-111
11830497-2	2002	Here it is postulated that increased PLD activity generating phosphatidic acid and diacylglycerol (DAG) is essential for superoxide release and degranulation and that ceramide, previously shown to be generated during PMN activation, inhibits PLD activation, thereby leading to inhibition of PMN function.	Superoxides	121-131	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	37-40
11830497-8	2002	In conclusion, superoxide, gelatinase, and lactoferrin release require activation of the PLD pathway in primed PMNs and cytochalasin B-treated PMNs.	Superoxides	15-25	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	89-92
12215229-8	2002	RESULTS: The expression of both normal and mutant SOD1 decreased the measured extracellular superoxide release, but had divergent effects on the measured release of NO.	Superoxides	92-102	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	50-54
12044962-7	2002	In addition, ApoE(-/-) mice fed the calorie-restricted diet showed a significant decrease in the level of lipid hydroperoxides and the production of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in the aorta as compared to ApoE(-/-) mice fed AL.	Superoxides	149-159	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	13-17
12182914-2	2002	Oxidative stress in blood platelets was estimated by the measurement of: (1) the generation of superoxide radicals (O(2)(-*)) (reduction of cytochrome c) and other reactive oxygen species--ROS: H(2)O(2), singlet oxygen and organic radicals (chemiluminescence), (2) the production of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and the level of conjugate dienes as markers of lipid peroxidation.	Superoxides	95-105	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	140-152
12182914-2	2002	Oxidative stress in blood platelets was estimated by the measurement of: (1) the generation of superoxide radicals (O(2)(-*)) (reduction of cytochrome c) and other reactive oxygen species--ROS: H(2)O(2), singlet oxygen and organic radicals (chemiluminescence), (2) the production of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and the level of conjugate dienes as markers of lipid peroxidation.	Superoxides	116-120	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	140-152
11972610-8	2002	RESULTS: Cross-linking of FcepsilonRI on RBL-2H3 cells or on human leucocytes from healthy donors by the anti-FcepsilonRI mAb resulted in a rapid generation of superoxide anion, as determined by chemiluminescence using superoxide-specific probes.	Superoxides	160-176	RB transcriptional corepressor like 2	Rattus norvegicus	41-46
11972610-8	2002	RESULTS: Cross-linking of FcepsilonRI on RBL-2H3 cells or on human leucocytes from healthy donors by the anti-FcepsilonRI mAb resulted in a rapid generation of superoxide anion, as determined by chemiluminescence using superoxide-specific probes.	Superoxides	160-170	RB transcriptional corepressor like 2	Rattus norvegicus	41-46
11972610-11	2002	CONCLUSION: These results indicate that both RBL-2H3 cells and human basophils generate superoxide anion upon FcepsilonRI cross-linking either by antibody or by allergen challenge and that blockade of the generation prevents the release of allergic mediators.	Superoxides	88-104	RB transcriptional corepressor like 2	Rattus norvegicus	45-50
11916928-10	2002	Upregulation of iNOS and raised NO generation are accompanied by a marked concomitant increase of superoxide production, a condition favoring the production of peroxynitrite, a powerful pro-oxidant that can mediate the toxic effects of high glucose on heart by itself and/or via the formation of nitrotyrosine, as suggested by the detection of cell apoptosis.	Superoxides	98-108	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	16-20
11927650-5	2002	Glucosamine (0.01-1 mM) dose-dependently suppressed the superoxide anion generation induced by formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) or complement-opsonized zymosan and inhibited the phagocytosis of complement-opsonized zymosan or IgG-opsonized latex particles.	Superoxides	56-72	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	95-113
11784711-0	2002	Superoxide mediates shock wave induction of ERK-dependent osteogenic transcription factor (CBFA1) and mesenchymal cell differentiation toward osteoprogenitors.	Superoxides	0-10	RUNX family transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	91-96
11784711-9	2002	In support that O(2)(-) mediated the ESW-induced ERK activation and osteogenic differentiation, we further demonstrated that scavenging of O(2)(-) by superoxide dismutase and inhibition of ERK activation by PD98059 decreased specific osteogenic transcription factor, core binding factor A1 activation, and decreased osteocalcin expression.	Superoxides	16-20	bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein	Homo sapiens	316-327
11879202-0	2002	The ratio between tetrahydrobiopterin and oxidized tetrahydrobiopterin analogues controls superoxide release from endothelial nitric oxide synthase: an EPR spin trapping study.	Superoxides	90-100	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	114-147
11879202-2	2002	Purified endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) generates superoxide under limited availability of 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin (BH(4)).	Superoxides	60-70	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	9-42
11879202-2	2002	Purified endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) generates superoxide under limited availability of 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin (BH(4)).	Superoxides	60-70	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	44-48
11879202-3	2002	Thus alterations in endothelial BH(4) levels have been postulated to stimulate superoxide production from eNOS.	Superoxides	79-89	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	106-110
11879202-4	2002	This possibility was examined by determining the concentration-dependent effects of BH(4), and its analogues, on superoxide formation by eNOS.	Superoxides	113-123	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	137-141
11879202-5	2002	Superoxide was quantified by EPR spin trapping, which is the only available technique to quantify superoxide from eNOS.	Superoxides	0-10	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	114-118
11879202-5	2002	Superoxide was quantified by EPR spin trapping, which is the only available technique to quantify superoxide from eNOS.	Superoxides	98-108	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	114-118
11879202-6	2002	Using 5-ethoxycarbonyl-5-methyl-pyrroline N-oxide, we show that only fully reduced BH(4) diminished superoxide release from eNOS, with efficiency BH(4)&gt;6-methyl-BH(4)&gt;5-methyl-BH(4).	Superoxides	100-110	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	124-128
11879202-14	2002	Collectively, these results indicate that the ratio between oxidized and reduced BH(4) metabolites tightly regulates superoxide formation from eNOS.	Superoxides	117-127	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	143-147
11733522-1	2002	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes consists of a membranal heterodimeric flavocytochrome (cytochrome b(559)), composed of gp91(phox) and p22(phox) subunits, and four cytosolic proteins, p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (1 or 2).	Superoxides	4-14	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	224-227
11884382-1	2002	Angiotensin II infusion causes endothelial dysfunction by increasing NAD(P)H oxidase-mediated vascular superoxide production.	Superoxides	103-113	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
11884382-2	2002	However, it remains to be elucidated how in vivo angiotensin II treatment may alter the expression of the gp91(phox) isoforms and the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS III) and subsequent signaling events and whether, in addition to the NAD(P)H oxidase, NOS III contributes to vascular superoxide formation.	Superoxides	291-301	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	49-63
11884382-5	2002	Angiotensin II caused endothelial dysfunction and increased vascular superoxide.	Superoxides	69-79	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
11884382-7	2002	NOS-inhibition with N(G)-nitro-L-arginine decreased superoxide in vessels from angiotensin II-treated animals, compatible with NOS-uncoupling.	Superoxides	52-62	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	79-93
11884382-10	2002	In vivo PKC-inhibition with chelerythrine reduced angiotensin II-induced superoxide production and markedly inhibited upregulation of NAD(P)H oxidase subunits.	Superoxides	73-83	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	50-64
11918852-10	2002	On the contrary, the proliferation of LAK cells induced by IL-2 was stimulated by certain concentrations of NO or O2-.	Superoxides	114-116	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	59-63
11911574-7	2002	Inhibition of IL-8 reduced endothelial cell permeability and neutrophil degranulation induced by exposure to M haemolytica-derived supernatant, whereas inhibition of PAF decreased superoxide release by neutrophils.	Superoxides	180-190	PCNA-associated factor	Bos taurus	166-169
11911574-9	2002	Neutrophil-mediated endothelial injury and neutrophil degranulation were, at least in part, mediated by IL8, whereas PAF promoted superoxide release by neutrophils in this in vitro system designed to mimic the in vivo events that occur during the early stages of bovine pneumonic pasteurellosis.	Superoxides	130-140	PCNA-associated factor	Bos taurus	117-120
12014661-3	2002	Myeloperoxidase converts hydrogen peroxide into the selective apoptosis mediator HOCl, which interacts with transformed target cell-derived superoxide anions and generates apoptosis-inducing hydroxyl radicals.	Superoxides	140-157	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	0-15
11867678-4	2002	Previously, LTB(4) and C5a have been shown in vitro to be inactivated by metabolites of superoxide.	Superoxides	88-98	hemolytic complement	Mus musculus	23-26
11849440-5	2002	More recent data, however, have shown that the iNOS can be a superoxide, peroxynitrite as well as a nitric oxide-producing enzyme, while the biological effects of iNOS probably depend upon the sort of radical species released by the enzyme as well as the anti-oxidant capacity of the cellular microenvironment of the enzyme.	Superoxides	61-71	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	47-51
12030423-3	2002	The results demonstrate the inhibitory effect of high Mg concentration as shown by the significant reduction of superoxide anion production following phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) or formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) activation.	Superoxides	112-128	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	224-228
11882706-1	2002	Periplasmic copper- and zinc-cofactored superoxide dismutases ([Cu,Zn]-SODs, SodC) of several Gram-negative pathogens can protect against superoxide-radical-mediated host defences, and thus contribute to virulence.	Superoxides	138-156	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	77-81
11882706-4	2002	In comparison to wild-type, while sodC mutants--whether single or double--showed no impairment in growth, they all showed equally enhanced sensitivity to superoxide and a dramatically increased sensitivity to the combination of superoxide and nitric oxide in vitro.	Superoxides	154-164	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	34-38
11882706-4	2002	In comparison to wild-type, while sodC mutants--whether single or double--showed no impairment in growth, they all showed equally enhanced sensitivity to superoxide and a dramatically increased sensitivity to the combination of superoxide and nitric oxide in vitro.	Superoxides	228-238	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	34-38
11882706-9	2002	Loss of either sodC gene confers maximum vulnerability to superoxide on S. choleraesuis.	Superoxides	58-68	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	15-19
11854621-5	2002	In two cell lines, the effects of TNF-alpha were completely abolished by superoxide dismutase, suggesting that superoxide anion mediates the effects.	Superoxides	111-127	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	34-43
11854621-12	2002	CONCLUSIONS: These studies suggest that TNF-alpha inhibits proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells by increasing the production of superoxide anion and that endogenously produced NO protects against this effect.	Superoxides	132-148	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	40-49
11872908-9	2002	A deficiency in MnSOD in mutant mice increased mitochondrial O2*- production and exacerbated cerebral infarction, worsening neurological deficits after ischemia/reperfusion.	Superoxides	61-64	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	16-21
11942325-1	2002	The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of superoxide anion(O2-) in the regulation of epidermal growth factor (EGF) or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression and proliferation in the prostate cancer cell line PC3.	Superoxides	57-73	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	133-165
11942325-1	2002	The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of superoxide anion(O2-) in the regulation of epidermal growth factor (EGF) or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression and proliferation in the prostate cancer cell line PC3.	Superoxides	57-73	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	167-171
11942325-1	2002	The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of superoxide anion(O2-) in the regulation of epidermal growth factor (EGF) or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression and proliferation in the prostate cancer cell line PC3.	Superoxides	74-77	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	133-165
11942325-1	2002	The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of superoxide anion(O2-) in the regulation of epidermal growth factor (EGF) or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression and proliferation in the prostate cancer cell line PC3.	Superoxides	74-77	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	167-171
11942325-4	2002	EGF or EGFR mRNA expression in the cells treated with O2- was examined by in situ hybridisation.	Superoxides	54-56	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	7-11
11854127-13	2002	Additional experiments showed that increased vascular superoxide production induced by 6-anilino-5,8-quinolinedione (LY85385) reduces sGC-activity but increases sGC-expression.	Superoxides	54-64	sarcoglycan beta	Homo sapiens	134-137
11854127-13	2002	Additional experiments showed that increased vascular superoxide production induced by 6-anilino-5,8-quinolinedione (LY85385) reduces sGC-activity but increases sGC-expression.	Superoxides	54-64	sarcoglycan beta	Homo sapiens	161-164
11959652-6	2002	A combination of substance P and EGTA enhanced superoxide generation without an increase in DNA synthesis, showing that an increase in superoxide production does not result in hyperplasia when extracellular Ca(2+) is chelated.	Superoxides	135-145	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	17-28
11823532-9	2002	Ecalectin induced concentration-dependent superoxide production from eosinophils but did not induce degranulation; usually these two events are coupled in eosinophil activation.	Superoxides	42-52	galectin 9	Homo sapiens	0-9
11834706-0	2002	Essential role of the NADPH oxidase subunit p47(phox) in endothelial cell superoxide production in response to phorbol ester and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.	Superoxides	74-84	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	129-156
11834706-7	2002	Prestimulation with PMA (100 ng/mL) or TNFalpha (100 U/mL) for 10 minutes significantly increased NADPH-dependent O(2)(-) production in wild-type CMECs, assessed either by lucigenin (5 micromol/L) chemiluminescence or dichlorohydrofluorescein (DCF) fluorescence.	Superoxides	114-118	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	39-47
11899098-5	2002	Reactive oxygen species (e.g., superoxide, peroxynitrite, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical) are all potential reactants capable of initiating DNA single strand breakage, with subsequent activation of the nuclear enzyme poly (ADP ribose) synthetase (PARS), leading to eventual severe energy depletion of the cells, and necrotic-type cell death.	Superoxides	31-41	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	225-253
11905990-4	2002	It was also highly likely that the involved superoxide-generating enzyme was nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and that the PTX-sensitive cytotoxic signal by M146L-PS1 was mediated by none of the G(i/o) proteins.	Superoxides	44-54	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	77-98
11741883-2	2002	We have demonstrated previously that oxidative stress induced by benzenetriol-mediated superoxide production increases interleukin-1beta-induced iNOS protein synthesis, steady state iNOS mRNA expression, NO production, iNOS gene transcription, and trans-activation of the iNOS promoter in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes.	Superoxides	87-97	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	119-136
11741883-2	2002	We have demonstrated previously that oxidative stress induced by benzenetriol-mediated superoxide production increases interleukin-1beta-induced iNOS protein synthesis, steady state iNOS mRNA expression, NO production, iNOS gene transcription, and trans-activation of the iNOS promoter in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes.	Superoxides	87-97	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	145-149
11741883-2	2002	We have demonstrated previously that oxidative stress induced by benzenetriol-mediated superoxide production increases interleukin-1beta-induced iNOS protein synthesis, steady state iNOS mRNA expression, NO production, iNOS gene transcription, and trans-activation of the iNOS promoter in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes.	Superoxides	87-97	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	182-186
11741883-2	2002	We have demonstrated previously that oxidative stress induced by benzenetriol-mediated superoxide production increases interleukin-1beta-induced iNOS protein synthesis, steady state iNOS mRNA expression, NO production, iNOS gene transcription, and trans-activation of the iNOS promoter in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes.	Superoxides	87-97	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	182-186
11741883-2	2002	We have demonstrated previously that oxidative stress induced by benzenetriol-mediated superoxide production increases interleukin-1beta-induced iNOS protein synthesis, steady state iNOS mRNA expression, NO production, iNOS gene transcription, and trans-activation of the iNOS promoter in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes.	Superoxides	87-97	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	182-186
12622181-5	2002	The activities of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were enhanced, which might be to eliminate the superoxide radical and H2O2 and accompanied by a fall in glutathione-s-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR) activity.	Superoxides	156-174	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	67-75
11818515-0	2002	The extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway is involved in human sperm function and modulated by the superoxide anion.	Superoxides	113-129	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	43-46
11849390-10	2002	Furthermore, superoxide release in response to immune complexes, phorbol ester (PMA), and bacterial peptide (FMLP) was significantly decreased.	Superoxides	13-23	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	109-113
11849390-14	2002	Specific inhibition of apoptosis by caspase-3 blockade prevented the increase in ANCA-antigen expression and preserved the capability of generating superoxide, thereby establishing a causative role for apoptosis.	Superoxides	148-158	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	36-45
11818515-1	2002	Our aim was to ascertain the role of the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) pathway in human sperm capacitation induced by fetal cord serum ultrafiltrate (FCSu) and its regulation by the superoxide anion (O(2)(-)*).	Superoxides	204-220	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	41-86
11818515-1	2002	Our aim was to ascertain the role of the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) pathway in human sperm capacitation induced by fetal cord serum ultrafiltrate (FCSu) and its regulation by the superoxide anion (O(2)(-)*).	Superoxides	204-220	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	88-91
11818515-4	2002	Therefore, the whole ERK cascade plays a role in capacitation, downstream of O(2)(-)* but upstream of protein tyrosine phosphorylation.	Superoxides	77-81	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	21-24
11818515-7	2002	The phospho-Ser/Thr-Pro content (characteristic of ERK1/2 substrates) of Triton-insoluble proteins (75 and 80 kDa) increased during capacitation and also appeared to be regulated by O(2)(-)* and the ERK pathway.	Superoxides	182-186	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	51-57
11818515-7	2002	The phospho-Ser/Thr-Pro content (characteristic of ERK1/2 substrates) of Triton-insoluble proteins (75 and 80 kDa) increased during capacitation and also appeared to be regulated by O(2)(-)* and the ERK pathway.	Superoxides	182-186	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	51-54
11945083-2	2002	The superoxide dismutase (SOD) level, responsible for eliminating toxic superoxides, drops significantly in pre-eclampsia.	Superoxides	72-83	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	4-24
11945083-2	2002	The superoxide dismutase (SOD) level, responsible for eliminating toxic superoxides, drops significantly in pre-eclampsia.	Superoxides	72-83	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	26-29
11812279-4	2002	We injected botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT) into muscles of normal C57BL/6 mice and transgenic mice expressing the G93A mutation in the superoxide dismutase 1 gene (SOD1-G93A mutation, a model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) several days before inoculation with adenoviruses.	Superoxides	134-144	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	163-167
11796199-6	2002	The coincubation of *NO and 6-hydroxydopamine with either bovine serum albumin or alpha-synuclein led to tyrosine nitration of the protein, in a concentration dependent-manner and sensitive to superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	193-203	albumin	Homo sapiens	65-78
11719086-5	2002	In the hyperlipidemic patients, a positive correlation was found between the degree of DNA damage and the basic oxidation of PMNLs (r=0.517), and the superoxide anion production of the cells stimulated with phorbolmiristate acetate (PMA) (r=0.326) and formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP) (r=0.525) as well.	Superoxides	150-166	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	252-270
11719086-5	2002	In the hyperlipidemic patients, a positive correlation was found between the degree of DNA damage and the basic oxidation of PMNLs (r=0.517), and the superoxide anion production of the cells stimulated with phorbolmiristate acetate (PMA) (r=0.326) and formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP) (r=0.525) as well.	Superoxides	150-166	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	272-276
11780125-5	2002	Here we show that superoxide increases mitochondrial proton conductance through effects on UCP1, UCP2 and UCP3.	Superoxides	18-28	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	97-101
11744035-11	2002	In line with this finding the NADPH induced O(2)(-) formation was enhanced in cardiac extracts from apoE-/- hearts.	Superoxides	44-49	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	100-104
12082283-4	2002	Using L-NMMA (1 mM), as a NO synthase inhibitor, and CuDips (10 microM), as a SOD mimetic, we provide evidence that the inhibitory potency of IL-1beta on proteoglycan synthesis and its stimulating effect on COX-2 activity depend both on NO and O2-* production.	Superoxides	244-246	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	142-150
11755532-4	2002	Moreover, caspase-3 stimulated the rate of mitochondrial state 4 respiration, superoxide production and NAD(P)H oxidation in a Bcl-xL- and cyclosporin A-inhibitable manner.	Superoxides	78-88	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	10-19
12477274-2	2002	METHODS AND RESULTS: Exposure of cord and adult macrophages to IFN-gamma gave quantitatively different results in Candida killing, as well as in release of superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	156-172	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	63-72
12477274-2	2002	METHODS AND RESULTS: Exposure of cord and adult macrophages to IFN-gamma gave quantitatively different results in Candida killing, as well as in release of superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	174-176	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	63-72
12555808-6	2002	These specific changes induced by UCP-2 antisense oligonucleotides were correlated with a rise in extracellular superoxide anion production and oxidative stress assessed by thiobarbituric acid reactive substance values.	Superoxides	112-128	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	34-39
11744035-12	2002	CONCLUSION: apoE-/- hearts develop a hemodynamically relevant endothelial dysfunction at the level of coronary resistance vessels most likely via inactivation of bioavailable NO by superoxide anions.	Superoxides	181-198	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	12-16
11597988-4	2001	We first confirmed that antioxidant N-acetylcysteine, superoxide scavenger Tiron, and DPI suppressed Ang II-induced IL-6 expression.	Superoxides	54-64	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	101-107
11739410-3	2001	Exposure of permeabilized HepG2 cells to O2*- elicited rapid and massive cytochrome c release (CCR), whereas H2O2 failed to induce any release.	Superoxides	41-44	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	73-85
11739410-7	2001	Furthermore, VDAC-reconstituted liposomes permeated cytochrome c after O2*- exposure, and this release was prevented by VDAC blocker.	Superoxides	71-73	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	52-64
11730359-4	2001	Glomerular macrophages, PMNs, and superoxide anion-positive cells were significantly increased in Thy-1 nephritis.	Superoxides	34-50	Thy-1 cell surface antigen	Rattus norvegicus	98-103
11705402-1	2001	Activation of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase, a superoxide-generating enzyme, involves assembly of cytosolic p47(phox), p67(phox), and rac with the membrane-associated cytochrome b(558).	Superoxides	45-55	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	117-120
11705402-1	2001	Activation of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase, a superoxide-generating enzyme, involves assembly of cytosolic p47(phox), p67(phox), and rac with the membrane-associated cytochrome b(558).	Superoxides	45-55	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	132-135
11698455-8	2001	In human neutrophils, superoxide generation induced by opsonized zymosan or chemoattractant fMLP was not affected or increased, respectively, after the methyl-beta-cyclodextrin treatment, but the superoxide generation induced by the insoluble immune complex via FcgammaRII was markedly reduced.	Superoxides	22-32	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	92-96
11756341-5	2002	Both the increase in tyrosine nitration and the decrease in PGIS activity were lessened by decreasing either nitric oxide or superoxide anion, suggesting that ONOO(-) was responsible.	Superoxides	125-141	prostaglandin I2 synthase	Homo sapiens	60-64
11789672-9	2002	When IL-8 was added to cultured granulocytes, the levels of CD18 expression on granulocytes and superoxide anion production by granulocytes were significantly increased.	Superoxides	96-112	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	5-9
12198815-6	2002	Growing evidence indicates that AR has a key role in oxidative stress in the peripheral nerve and contributes to superoxide production by the vascular endothelium.	Superoxides	113-123	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B	Homo sapiens	32-34
12145537-2	2002	METHODS: The effect of in vitro incubation with HeLa 229 cells persistently infected with influenza virus B/Lee/40 (He/Le cells) on the generation of superoxide anion by human granulocytes was examined by a cytochrome c reduction assay.	Superoxides	150-166	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	207-219
11813269-0	2002	Characterization of interferon gamma receptors on osteoclasts: effect of interferon gamma on osteoclastic superoxide generation.	Superoxides	106-116	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	20-36
11813269-0	2002	Characterization of interferon gamma receptors on osteoclasts: effect of interferon gamma on osteoclastic superoxide generation.	Superoxides	106-116	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	73-89
11813269-6	2002	Specific binding of IFN-gamma to the osteoclastic receptor stimulates osteoclastic superoxide generation.	Superoxides	83-93	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	20-29
11813269-7	2002	The p91 and p47 components of the NADPH oxidase increase after IFN-gamma stimulation and may account for the enhanced superoxide generation.	Superoxides	118-128	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	63-72
11813269-8	2002	Antisense experiments targeting p91 and p47 subunits abrogate the increased osteoclastic superoxide production stimulated by IFN-gamma.	Superoxides	89-99	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	125-134
11813269-9	2002	Thus, superoxide generation by osteoclasts is stimulated by activation of a functional IFN-gamma receptor on the osteoclast.	Superoxides	6-16	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	87-96
11781387-4	2002	Pretreatment of neutrophils with PP1 and with the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 resulted in a strong inhibition of fMLP-induced superoxide production and cytokine-mediated survival but not fMLP-induced migration.	Superoxides	122-132	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	109-113
11756504-2	2002	We have reported that overexpression of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) reduced superoxide production and ameliorated neuronal injury in the hippocampal CA1 subregion after global ischemia.	Superoxides	52-62	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	74-78
11786100-1	2002	BACKGROUND: Angiotensin II (Ang II) can up-regulate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate [NAD(P)H] oxidase, whose product superoxide anion (O2-) can interact with nitric oxide (NO) to form peroxynitrite (ONOO-).	Superoxides	129-145	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	12-26
11786100-1	2002	BACKGROUND: Angiotensin II (Ang II) can up-regulate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate [NAD(P)H] oxidase, whose product superoxide anion (O2-) can interact with nitric oxide (NO) to form peroxynitrite (ONOO-).	Superoxides	129-145	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	28-34
11786100-1	2002	BACKGROUND: Angiotensin II (Ang II) can up-regulate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate [NAD(P)H] oxidase, whose product superoxide anion (O2-) can interact with nitric oxide (NO) to form peroxynitrite (ONOO-).	Superoxides	147-150	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	12-26
11786100-1	2002	BACKGROUND: Angiotensin II (Ang II) can up-regulate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate [NAD(P)H] oxidase, whose product superoxide anion (O2-) can interact with nitric oxide (NO) to form peroxynitrite (ONOO-).	Superoxides	147-150	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	28-34
11834870-4	2002	Our results demonstrated that the superoxide production of mesangial cells increased after LDL stimulation (100 microg/ml for 4 h) and that the superoxide production was significantly suppressed by either superoxide dismutase (SOD; 500 U/ml for 36 h; p &lt; 0.01) or pravastatin (80 microM for 36 h; p &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	144-154	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	205-225
11834870-4	2002	Our results demonstrated that the superoxide production of mesangial cells increased after LDL stimulation (100 microg/ml for 4 h) and that the superoxide production was significantly suppressed by either superoxide dismutase (SOD; 500 U/ml for 36 h; p &lt; 0.01) or pravastatin (80 microM for 36 h; p &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	144-154	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	227-230
18475421-1	2002	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is the scavenger of superoxide anion (O2(-)) and functions as a protector of living bodies.	Superoxides	47-63	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
18475421-1	2002	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is the scavenger of superoxide anion (O2(-)) and functions as a protector of living bodies.	Superoxides	47-63	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
18475421-1	2002	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is the scavenger of superoxide anion (O2(-)) and functions as a protector of living bodies.	Superoxides	65-70	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
18475421-1	2002	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is the scavenger of superoxide anion (O2(-)) and functions as a protector of living bodies.	Superoxides	65-70	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
11992497-1	2002	By use of an optimized cytochrome c-based biosensor, superoxide radical production was measured continuously in vivo.	Superoxides	53-71	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	23-35
12060227-5	2002	Accumulation of alpha-DOX1 transcripts is impaired in SA-compromised plants and induced by SA and by chemicals generating nitric oxide (NO), intracellular superoxide or singlet oxygen, three signals mediating host cell death.	Superoxides	155-165	Peroxidase superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	22-26
12688508-0	2002	Inhibition of superoxide generation from fMLP-stimulated leukocytes by high concentrations of nitric oxide or peroxynitrite: characterization by electron spin resonance spectroscopy.	Superoxides	14-24	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	41-45
12688508-2	2002	We demonstrated that ONOO- (100 microM) decreased the ESR signal of DEPMPO-OOH from fMLP-activated PMNs, indicating the inhibition of O2*- generation, while it enhanced the signal of DEPMPO-OH.	Superoxides	134-136	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	84-88
12688508-4	2002	NOR-1 inhibited O2*- generation more effectively under conditions in which ONOO-was formed concurrently.	Superoxides	16-18	nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 3	Homo sapiens	0-5
12688508-5	2002	The ability of high concentrations of either ONOO- or NO* to inhibit O2*-generation from fMLP-stimulated PMNs is relevant to pathophysiological conditions, such as severe inflammation, in which NO* or ONOO- production can be significantly elevated.	Superoxides	69-71	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	89-93
12212372-4	2002	Examining the level of FMLP-stimulated production of superoxide in patients with surgical infection revealed that the amount of the superoxide produced by neutrophils noticeably decreased and droppped by more than 5 times in sepsis.	Superoxides	53-63	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	23-27
12212372-4	2002	Examining the level of FMLP-stimulated production of superoxide in patients with surgical infection revealed that the amount of the superoxide produced by neutrophils noticeably decreased and droppped by more than 5 times in sepsis.	Superoxides	132-142	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	23-27
11579094-4	2001	Previously, we showed that DOX undergoes a reductive activation at the reductase domain of endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (eNOS) forming the semiquinone and superoxide (Vasquez-Vivar, J., Martasek, P., Hogg, N., Masters, B. S. S., Pritchard, K. A., Jr., and Kalyanaraman, B.	Superoxides	160-170	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	91-124
11739410-0	2001	VDAC-dependent permeabilization of the outer mitochondrial membrane by superoxide induces rapid and massive cytochrome c release.	Superoxides	71-81	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	108-120
11761717-6	2001	Together with the fact that nitric oxide (NO) plays a potential role in neuronal differentiation, and that large amounts of NO have cytotoxicity from the reaction of NO with superoxide anions, our data suggested that the expressions of both SOD1 and SOD2, as scavengers of superoxide anions, were maintained from an early developmental stage to prepare stage-specific nNOS expression for a potential differentiation role and to elude NO cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	174-184	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	241-245
11709424-5	2001	IL-1 beta treatment stimulated superoxide production in VSM cells that was inhibited by pretreatment of cells with the superoxide scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and also by overexpression of the human manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) gene.	Superoxides	31-41	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	0-9
11709424-5	2001	IL-1 beta treatment stimulated superoxide production in VSM cells that was inhibited by pretreatment of cells with the superoxide scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and also by overexpression of the human manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) gene.	Superoxides	119-129	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	0-9
11709424-8	2001	The results demonstrate that IL-1 beta-dependent MMP-9 induction is mediated by superoxide-stimulated ERK activation.	Superoxides	80-90	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	29-38
11709424-8	2001	The results demonstrate that IL-1 beta-dependent MMP-9 induction is mediated by superoxide-stimulated ERK activation.	Superoxides	80-90	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	102-105
11738065-4	2001	O(2)(-) production was assessed by lucigenin chemiluminescence and cytochrome c reduction assay.	Superoxides	0-7	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	67-79
11738065-8	2001	Predominance of NADPH- over NADH-dependent O(2)(-) production was confirmed in cell homogenates and by cytochrome c reduction assay.	Superoxides	43-50	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	103-115
11903306-2	2001	Dichlorofluorescein oxidation and electrochemical monitoring of in situ nitric oxide (NO) release from cultured human endothelial cells reveals that agonists such as thrombin and histamine simultaneously stimulate transient superoxide production.	Superoxides	224-234	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	166-174
11738154-0	2001	Plasma concentration of myeloperoxidase enzyme in pre- and post-climacterial people: related superoxide anion generation.	Superoxides	93-109	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	24-39
11738154-7	2001	Adding the MPO inhibitors 4-aminobenzoic acid hydrazide (ABAH) and indomethacin to the granulocytes, the generation of superoxide anion increased and the decreasing effect of the steroids on superoxide production was inhibited.	Superoxides	119-135	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	11-14
11738154-7	2001	Adding the MPO inhibitors 4-aminobenzoic acid hydrazide (ABAH) and indomethacin to the granulocytes, the generation of superoxide anion increased and the decreasing effect of the steroids on superoxide production was inhibited.	Superoxides	119-129	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	11-14
11738154-8	2001	Incubating the neutrophils with the product of the reaction catalyzed by MPO itself (hypochlorite anion), we found significant decrease in superoxide generation.	Superoxides	139-149	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	73-76
11738154-9	2001	According to our results MPO seems to diminish the production of superoxide anion and so probably has an antioxidant ability.	Superoxides	65-81	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	25-28
12540279-1	2001	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a critical enzyme responsible for the elimination of superoxide radicals and is considered to be a key anti-oxidant in aerobic cells.	Superoxides	83-93	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
12540279-1	2001	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a critical enzyme responsible for the elimination of superoxide radicals and is considered to be a key anti-oxidant in aerobic cells.	Superoxides	83-93	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
12540279-5	2001	Since SOD is the key enzyme in the first metabolic step of superoxide elimination, deficiency in SOD or inhibition of the enzyme activity may cause severe accumulation of O(2)(*)(-) in cells and lead to cell death.	Superoxides	59-69	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	6-9
12540279-5	2001	Since SOD is the key enzyme in the first metabolic step of superoxide elimination, deficiency in SOD or inhibition of the enzyme activity may cause severe accumulation of O(2)(*)(-) in cells and lead to cell death.	Superoxides	59-69	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	97-100
12540279-8	2001	This may render the malignant cells more dependent on SOD to eliminate the toxic superoxide radicals and thus potentially more sensitive to SOD inhibitors.	Superoxides	81-91	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	54-57
12540279-8	2001	This may render the malignant cells more dependent on SOD to eliminate the toxic superoxide radicals and thus potentially more sensitive to SOD inhibitors.	Superoxides	81-91	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	140-143
11794696-1	2001	Cytochalasin B, despite its potent enhancing effect on superoxide (O2-) release triggered by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) and many other agonists, significantly inhibited O2- release triggered by interleukin 8 (IL-8) and platelet-activating factor in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	55-65	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	134-138
11794696-1	2001	Cytochalasin B, despite its potent enhancing effect on superoxide (O2-) release triggered by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) and many other agonists, significantly inhibited O2- release triggered by interleukin 8 (IL-8) and platelet-activating factor in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	67-69	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	134-138
11794696-1	2001	Cytochalasin B, despite its potent enhancing effect on superoxide (O2-) release triggered by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) and many other agonists, significantly inhibited O2- release triggered by interleukin 8 (IL-8) and platelet-activating factor in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	189-191	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	134-138
11811390-10	2001	Indeed, angiotensin II stimulates NAD(P)H oxidases responsible for the formation of superoxide, which inactivates NO.	Superoxides	84-94	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	8-22
11781814-0	2001	Nitric oxide attenuates but superoxide enhances iNOS expression in endotoxin- and IFNgamma-stimulated skeletal muscle endothelial cells.	Superoxides	28-38	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	48-52
11781814-2	2001	We tested the hypothesis that inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) induction in ECs (i.e., one of the steps in the septic process) is modulated by extravascularly generated nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide.	Superoxides	197-207	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	30-61
11781814-2	2001	We tested the hypothesis that inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) induction in ECs (i.e., one of the steps in the septic process) is modulated by extravascularly generated nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide.	Superoxides	197-207	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	63-67
11700991-1	2001	Two commonly used assays for superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity have been compared, one using cytochrome c and the other using XTT (2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) as the indicating scavenger of superoxide.	Superoxides	29-39	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	51-54
11700991-5	2001	Cyanide reacted with cytochrome c, but not XTT, in a concentration- and time-dependent manner and thus diminished its reducibility by superoxide.	Superoxides	134-144	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	21-33
11698472-5	2001	IL-1beta primed neutrophils for enhanced release of superoxide (O(2)(-)) stimulated by FMLP in parallel with increased phosphorylation of p38 MAPK.	Superoxides	52-62	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	0-8
11698472-5	2001	IL-1beta primed neutrophils for enhanced release of superoxide (O(2)(-)) stimulated by FMLP in parallel with increased phosphorylation of p38 MAPK.	Superoxides	52-62	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	87-91
11698472-5	2001	IL-1beta primed neutrophils for enhanced release of superoxide (O(2)(-)) stimulated by FMLP in parallel with increased phosphorylation of p38 MAPK.	Superoxides	64-68	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	0-8
11698472-5	2001	IL-1beta primed neutrophils for enhanced release of superoxide (O(2)(-)) stimulated by FMLP in parallel with increased phosphorylation of p38 MAPK.	Superoxides	64-68	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	87-91
11527963-4	2001	Here we report important biochemical changes in mev-1 animals that serve to explain their abnormalities under normoxic conditions: (i) an overproduction of superoxide anion from mitochondria; and (ii) a reciprocal reduction in glutathione content even under atmospheric oxygen.	Superoxides	156-172	Succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial	Caenorhabditis elegans	48-53
11527963-5	2001	In addition, unlike wild type, the levels of superoxide anion production from mev-1 mitochondria were significantly elevated under hyperoxia.	Superoxides	45-61	Succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial	Caenorhabditis elegans	78-83
11527963-7	2001	Our data suggest that the mev-1(kn1) mutation increases superoxide anion production at complex II itself rather than at complexes I and III.	Superoxides	56-72	Succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial	Caenorhabditis elegans	26-31
11597896-4	2001	Exposure to ET-1 resulted in increases in superoxide production and viable FPASMCs after 72 h. These increases were prevented by pretreatment with PD-156707.	Superoxides	42-52	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	12-16
11597896-6	2001	Wortmannin, LY-294002, diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulfonyl fluoride, and apocynin also prevented the ET-1-mediated increases in superoxide production and viable cell numbers.	Superoxides	151-161	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	124-128
11721898-7	2001	On the basis of the studies of the CL, fluorescence, UV-vis and ESCA spectra and the effect of dissolved oxygen in luminol solution, a mechanism for CL emission in unbuffered solution was considered as the formation of a superoxide radical ion during the decomposition of H2O2 catalyzed by the Co(II)-ethanolamine immobilized resin.	Superoxides	221-239	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	294-299
11673865-3	2001	The generation of superoxide anion radicals by this system was determined by either reduction of cytochrome c or Pholasin luminescence.	Superoxides	18-43	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	97-109
11795629-6	2001	In addition, the fMLP-triggered superoxide production of the PMNs was unchanged by the pretreatment with the PEG-HbV at 600 mg/dl Hb.	Superoxides	32-42	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	17-21
11714734-6	2001	Treatments with the Rho inhibitor C3 exotoxin and with cell-permeable superoxide dismutase also decreased AngII-induced O2*- production and myocyte hypertrophy.	Superoxides	120-124	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	106-111
11606622-1	2001	Superoxide is produced as a result of normal energy metabolism within the mitochondria and is scavenged by the mitochondrial form of superoxide dismutase (sod2).	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	155-159
11598389-8	2001	The FMLP-activated neutrophils from IgAN patients produced more superoxide than those of MsPGN patients and normal controls.	Superoxides	64-74	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	4-8
11598389-9	2001	CONCLUSION: The FMLP-activated neutrophils from patients with IgAN have differential effects in enhancing the cell death and the ET-1 production of glomerular mesangial cells through the release of superoxide.	Superoxides	198-208	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	16-20
11598389-9	2001	CONCLUSION: The FMLP-activated neutrophils from patients with IgAN have differential effects in enhancing the cell death and the ET-1 production of glomerular mesangial cells through the release of superoxide.	Superoxides	198-208	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	129-133
11755003-8	2001	A range of products have been shown to be produced by human postmortem microglia, both constitutively and in response to treatment with Abeta, including proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha, and macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), along with complement proteins, especially C1q, superoxide radicals and neurotoxic factors.	Superoxides	350-360	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	136-141
11731911-2	2001	Procyanidins strongly inhibit superoxide generation with an IC(50) of 7.2 microM, through a direct scavenging of superoxide and prevent the release from calcium ionophore activated neutrophils of beta-glucuronidase (IC(50) = 13.9 microM), myeloperoxidase (IC(50) = 7.2 microM) and elastase (IC(50) = 5.4 microM).	Superoxides	30-40	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	239-254
11514583-7	2001	With the use of a superoxide anion (O(2-)) generator, we established an O(2-)-sensitive pathway that blocked HIF-1alpha stabilization in response to NO and TNF-alpha while DFX- and PAO-evoked HIF-1alpha stabilization appeared O(2-)-insensitive.	Superoxides	18-34	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	109-119
11514583-7	2001	With the use of a superoxide anion (O(2-)) generator, we established an O(2-)-sensitive pathway that blocked HIF-1alpha stabilization in response to NO and TNF-alpha while DFX- and PAO-evoked HIF-1alpha stabilization appeared O(2-)-insensitive.	Superoxides	18-34	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	156-165
11514583-7	2001	With the use of a superoxide anion (O(2-)) generator, we established an O(2-)-sensitive pathway that blocked HIF-1alpha stabilization in response to NO and TNF-alpha while DFX- and PAO-evoked HIF-1alpha stabilization appeared O(2-)-insensitive.	Superoxides	18-34	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	192-202
11514583-7	2001	With the use of a superoxide anion (O(2-)) generator, we established an O(2-)-sensitive pathway that blocked HIF-1alpha stabilization in response to NO and TNF-alpha while DFX- and PAO-evoked HIF-1alpha stabilization appeared O(2-)-insensitive.	Superoxides	36-42	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	109-119
11514583-7	2001	With the use of a superoxide anion (O(2-)) generator, we established an O(2-)-sensitive pathway that blocked HIF-1alpha stabilization in response to NO and TNF-alpha while DFX- and PAO-evoked HIF-1alpha stabilization appeared O(2-)-insensitive.	Superoxides	36-42	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	156-165
11514583-7	2001	With the use of a superoxide anion (O(2-)) generator, we established an O(2-)-sensitive pathway that blocked HIF-1alpha stabilization in response to NO and TNF-alpha while DFX- and PAO-evoked HIF-1alpha stabilization appeared O(2-)-insensitive.	Superoxides	36-42	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	192-202
11514583-7	2001	With the use of a superoxide anion (O(2-)) generator, we established an O(2-)-sensitive pathway that blocked HIF-1alpha stabilization in response to NO and TNF-alpha while DFX- and PAO-evoked HIF-1alpha stabilization appeared O(2-)-insensitive.	Superoxides	36-41	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	109-119
11514583-7	2001	With the use of a superoxide anion (O(2-)) generator, we established an O(2-)-sensitive pathway that blocked HIF-1alpha stabilization in response to NO and TNF-alpha while DFX- and PAO-evoked HIF-1alpha stabilization appeared O(2-)-insensitive.	Superoxides	36-41	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	156-165
11514583-7	2001	With the use of a superoxide anion (O(2-)) generator, we established an O(2-)-sensitive pathway that blocked HIF-1alpha stabilization in response to NO and TNF-alpha while DFX- and PAO-evoked HIF-1alpha stabilization appeared O(2-)-insensitive.	Superoxides	36-41	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	192-202
11514583-7	2001	With the use of a superoxide anion (O(2-)) generator, we established an O(2-)-sensitive pathway that blocked HIF-1alpha stabilization in response to NO and TNF-alpha while DFX- and PAO-evoked HIF-1alpha stabilization appeared O(2-)-insensitive.	Superoxides	72-77	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	109-119
11514583-7	2001	With the use of a superoxide anion (O(2-)) generator, we established an O(2-)-sensitive pathway that blocked HIF-1alpha stabilization in response to NO and TNF-alpha while DFX- and PAO-evoked HIF-1alpha stabilization appeared O(2-)-insensitive.	Superoxides	72-77	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	156-165
11514583-7	2001	With the use of a superoxide anion (O(2-)) generator, we established an O(2-)-sensitive pathway that blocked HIF-1alpha stabilization in response to NO and TNF-alpha while DFX- and PAO-evoked HIF-1alpha stabilization appeared O(2-)-insensitive.	Superoxides	72-77	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	192-202
11698048-11	2001	This provokes iNOS induction, leading to microvascular injury involving both NO and superoxide.	Superoxides	84-94	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	14-18
11595386-1	2001	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is essential in protecting mitochondria against the damaging effects of superoxide radicals (O(2)(*-)), and increased expression of MnSOD protects cells and transgenic animals from various forms of oxidative stress.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	32-37
11595386-1	2001	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is essential in protecting mitochondria against the damaging effects of superoxide radicals (O(2)(*-)), and increased expression of MnSOD protects cells and transgenic animals from various forms of oxidative stress.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	171-176
11595386-1	2001	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is essential in protecting mitochondria against the damaging effects of superoxide radicals (O(2)(*-)), and increased expression of MnSOD protects cells and transgenic animals from various forms of oxidative stress.	Superoxides	132-136	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	0-30
11595386-1	2001	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is essential in protecting mitochondria against the damaging effects of superoxide radicals (O(2)(*-)), and increased expression of MnSOD protects cells and transgenic animals from various forms of oxidative stress.	Superoxides	132-136	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	32-37
11597127-0	2001	TNFalpha enhances the DNA single-strand breakage induced by the short-chain lipid hydroperoxide analogue tert-butylhydroperoxide via ceramide-dependent inhibition of complex III followed by enforced superoxide and hydrogen peroxide formation.	Superoxides	199-209	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-8
11578838-7	2001	The AGE-induced increase in oxidized glutathione could be prevented by the radical scavengers N-acetylcysteine, alpha-lipoic acid and 17beta-estradiol or by application of catalase, indicating that superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production precedes the AGE-mediated depletion of reduced glutathione.	Superoxides	198-208	renin binding protein	Homo sapiens	4-7
11578838-7	2001	The AGE-induced increase in oxidized glutathione could be prevented by the radical scavengers N-acetylcysteine, alpha-lipoic acid and 17beta-estradiol or by application of catalase, indicating that superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production precedes the AGE-mediated depletion of reduced glutathione.	Superoxides	198-208	renin binding protein	Homo sapiens	255-258
11597988-4	2001	We first confirmed that antioxidant N-acetylcysteine, superoxide scavenger Tiron, and DPI suppressed Ang II-induced IL-6 expression.	Superoxides	54-64	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	116-120
11673196-2	2001	As the presence of 3NT is strongly correlated with upregulation of the inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (NOS II), it has been hypothesized that 3NT formation results from the action of peroxynitrite (ONOO-), a highly reactive NO derivative produced from the reaction of molecular NO and O2-.	Superoxides	294-296	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	112-118
11603803-1	2001	Cytosolic Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is a ubiquitous small cytosolic metalloenzyme, which catalyses the conversion of superoxide anion to hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	125-141	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	38-42
11557552-6	2001	The findings suggest that various physiological and pathological conditions might markedly influence EC-SOD expression, significantly altering the susceptibility of the vascular wall to effects of the superoxide radical.	Superoxides	201-219	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	101-107
11597929-5	2001	Consistent with an antioxidant mechanism of action, S17834 (10 to 50 micromol/L) inhibited tumor necrosis factor-stimulated release of superoxide from endothelial cells measured by cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	135-145	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	181-193
11597929-8	2001	The ability to inhibit superoxide anion production appears to be key in the effect of S17834 on superoxide anion production and VCAM expression, because these actions were mimicked by adenovirus-mediated overexpression of superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	23-39	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	128-132
11520625-8	2001	These results indicated that the fMLP-induced O(2-)production activity of neutrophils in the term neonates was enhanced at the level of the receptor and suggested that this enhanced production contribute to the neonatal host defense against microbial infection.	Superoxides	46-51	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
11599928-7	2001	PM2.5-mediated DNA damage was abolished by superoxide dismutase, catalase, and deferoxamine, implicating superoxide radical, hydrogen peroxide, and the hydroxyl radical in the reactions inducing DNA damage.	Superoxides	105-123	catalase	Homo sapiens	65-73
11903498-7	2001	C5a, the most potent chemotactic anaphylatoxin, may attract neutrophils to the site of inflammation, leading to superoxide production, while MAC is deposited over endothelial cells and smooth vessel cells, leading to cell injury.	Superoxides	112-122	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
11720817-4	2001	Incubation of MNC with 50 U ml(-1) of IL-13 for 2 h significantly enhanced superoxide anion production in response to phorbol myristate acetate.	Superoxides	75-91	interleukin 13	Homo sapiens	38-43
11677273-1	2001	3-Morpholinosyndnomine (SIN-1) has been reported to be a peroxynitrite (OONO(-)) donor because it produces both nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide (O(2)(-).)	Superoxides	134-144	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	24-29
11677273-1	2001	3-Morpholinosyndnomine (SIN-1) has been reported to be a peroxynitrite (OONO(-)) donor because it produces both nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide (O(2)(-).)	Superoxides	146-150	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	24-29
11593437-2	2001	Rac is involved in actin polymerization, Jun kinase activation, and intracellular superoxide anion production, through distinct pathways in tumor cells.	Superoxides	82-98	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
12060292-3	2001	Excess electrons from the photosynthetic and respiratory electron transport chains can be used for the reduction of oxygen, thus producing superoxide radicals (O2.-); these are subsequently transformed to H2O2 via superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.1.1).	Superoxides	139-158	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	214-234
12060292-3	2001	Excess electrons from the photosynthetic and respiratory electron transport chains can be used for the reduction of oxygen, thus producing superoxide radicals (O2.-); these are subsequently transformed to H2O2 via superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.1.1).	Superoxides	139-158	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	236-239
11563864-5	2001	The thiol oxidation and superoxide anion release were inhibited by diphenyliodonium, a NADPH oxidase and NOsynthase inhibitor, proving that the respiratory burst and the NOsynthase were involved in the oxidation processes occurring in the differentiated THP-1.	Superoxides	24-40	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	254-259
11593437-5	2001	The inhibitory effect of activated Rac on apoptotic signaling is mediated by the interaction of Rac with intracellular oxidase and the subsequent production of superoxide, which is supported by experiments performed with M14 and NIH3T3 cells transiently transfected with the loss-of-function mutants of Rac in an activated RacV12 background.	Superoxides	160-170	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	35-38
11593437-5	2001	The inhibitory effect of activated Rac on apoptotic signaling is mediated by the interaction of Rac with intracellular oxidase and the subsequent production of superoxide, which is supported by experiments performed with M14 and NIH3T3 cells transiently transfected with the loss-of-function mutants of Rac in an activated RacV12 background.	Superoxides	160-170	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	96-99
11557318-4	2001	In contrast, NF-kappaB in melanoma cells is strongly recruited by changes in redox status and exhibits a correlative relationship to intracellular hydrogen peroxide (but not superoxide anion).	Superoxides	174-190	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	13-22
11557318-6	2001	Additionally, recruitment of AP-1 binding in melanoma cells was directly correlated with intracellular levels of superoxide anion (but not hydrogen peroxide).	Superoxides	113-129	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	29-33
11557318-8	2001	The responsiveness of NF-kappaB and AP-1 recruitment to intracellular levels of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion without concomitant control of apoptosis provides a general mechanism by which these cells can escape noxious injury (e.g., chemotherapy).	Superoxides	102-118	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	22-31
11557318-8	2001	The responsiveness of NF-kappaB and AP-1 recruitment to intracellular levels of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion without concomitant control of apoptosis provides a general mechanism by which these cells can escape noxious injury (e.g., chemotherapy).	Superoxides	102-118	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	36-40
11559774-6	2001	Superoxide anion (O2-) release assessed by cytochrome c reduction was compared in human eosinophils and neutrophils stimulated by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	43-55
11559775-4	2001	Superoxide anion (O2-) release was assessed by cytochrome c reduction in human eosinophils.	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	47-59
11559775-4	2001	Superoxide anion (O2-) release was assessed by cytochrome c reduction in human eosinophils.	Superoxides	18-20	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	47-59
11566189-3	2001	Analysis of the mode of action of TNF-alpha revealed the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anion (<compound-id="D013481">O(2-.	Superoxides	99-115	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	34-43
11564663-12	2001	These data suggest that the development of airway hyperresponsiveness during the airway inflammation upon ovalbumin challenge is dependent on the release of both superoxide and nitric oxide and is therefore likely to be dependent on reactive nitrogen species.	Superoxides	162-172	serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade B, member 1, pseudogene	Mus musculus	106-115
11557311-5	2001	CuZn-SOD-null lenses showed a doubled basal superoxide concentration, and were more prone to develop photochemical cataract in the present model with more opacification, more hydration, and less 86Rb uptake than lenses from wild-type mice.	Superoxides	44-54	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	0-8
11557311-6	2001	We conclude that CuZn-SOD is an important superoxide scavenger in the lens, and that it may have a protective role against cataract formation.	Superoxides	42-52	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	17-25
11593437-5	2001	The inhibitory effect of activated Rac on apoptotic signaling is mediated by the interaction of Rac with intracellular oxidase and the subsequent production of superoxide, which is supported by experiments performed with M14 and NIH3T3 cells transiently transfected with the loss-of-function mutants of Rac in an activated RacV12 background.	Superoxides	160-170	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	96-99
11593437-6	2001	Consistent with these findings, we also demonstrate that inhibition of the Rac pathway in the HaRas-expressing T24 bladder carcinoma cell line induces a decrease in superoxide anion concentration, and results in a significant increase in tumor cell sensitivity to apoptosis.	Superoxides	165-181	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	75-78
11593437-7	2001	These findings demonstrate the existence of a novel Rac-dependent survival pathway mediated by intracellular superoxide in tumor cells.	Superoxides	109-119	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	52-55
11504692-9	2001	These data indicate that generation of O(2)(-) in BPASMCs in response to 5-HT is followed by an increase in intracellular H(2)O(2) that mediates 5-HT-induced mitogenesis through activation of ERK1/ERK2 but not of p38 MAP kinase.	Superoxides	39-43	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Bos taurus	197-201
11490098-3	2001	One of the post-receptor events shortly after the addition of TNF is the generation of the superoxide anion (O2-*).	Superoxides	91-107	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	62-65
11490098-3	2001	One of the post-receptor events shortly after the addition of TNF is the generation of the superoxide anion (O2-*).	Superoxides	109-113	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	62-65
11490098-4	2001	In the present study, we attempted to examine the role of O2-* in the regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential (Delta(Psi)m) and the release of cytochrome c (cyto c) in L929 cells after stimulation with TNF.	Superoxides	58-60	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	209-212
11490098-5	2001	Challenge of cells with TNF (50 ng/ml) resulted in an early (30 min after the addition of TNF) increase in the production of O2-*.	Superoxides	125-127	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	24-27
11490098-5	2001	Challenge of cells with TNF (50 ng/ml) resulted in an early (30 min after the addition of TNF) increase in the production of O2-*.	Superoxides	125-127	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	90-93
11490098-6	2001	The use of mitochondrial electron transport chain inhibitors such as antimycin A and rotenone could, respectively, potentiate or suppress the TNF-mediated release of O2-* and cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	166-168	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	142-145
11490098-7	2001	TNF also induced a late (&gt;3 h after the addition of TNF) depolarization in the Delta(Psi)m. Reduction in the release of O2-* by rotenone (50 microM) or thenoyltrifluoroacetone (250 microM) suppressed both the TNF-mediated Delta(Psi)m depolarization and cyto c release.	Superoxides	123-125	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	0-3
11490098-7	2001	TNF also induced a late (&gt;3 h after the addition of TNF) depolarization in the Delta(Psi)m. Reduction in the release of O2-* by rotenone (50 microM) or thenoyltrifluoroacetone (250 microM) suppressed both the TNF-mediated Delta(Psi)m depolarization and cyto c release.	Superoxides	123-125	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	55-58
11490098-7	2001	TNF also induced a late (&gt;3 h after the addition of TNF) depolarization in the Delta(Psi)m. Reduction in the release of O2-* by rotenone (50 microM) or thenoyltrifluoroacetone (250 microM) suppressed both the TNF-mediated Delta(Psi)m depolarization and cyto c release.	Superoxides	123-125	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	55-58
11520794-4	2001	Pretreatment of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha-primed neutrophils with antibodies against FcgammaRII and FcgammaRIII inhibited MPO-ANCA and PR3-ANCA induced superoxide generation, confirming that FcgammaR ligation is involved in ANCA-mediated neutrophil activation.	Superoxides	160-170	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	16-37
11520794-4	2001	Pretreatment of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha-primed neutrophils with antibodies against FcgammaRII and FcgammaRIII inhibited MPO-ANCA and PR3-ANCA induced superoxide generation, confirming that FcgammaR ligation is involved in ANCA-mediated neutrophil activation.	Superoxides	160-170	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	39-42
11760394-2	2001	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) scavenges superoxide and inhibits the formation of peroxynitrite, thereby suppressing the resulting injury and regulating the bioavailability of NO.	Superoxides	37-47	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
11760394-2	2001	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) scavenges superoxide and inhibits the formation of peroxynitrite, thereby suppressing the resulting injury and regulating the bioavailability of NO.	Superoxides	37-47	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
11509539-6	2001	Pretreatment of VSM cells with the NO donor DETA NONOate significantly (P &lt; 0.05) decreased IL-1 beta-stimulated superoxide generation.	Superoxides	116-126	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	95-104
11522679-7	2001	In vitro infection of mesangial cells (MC) with a recombinant adenovirus encoding human SOD-1 increased SOD-1 activity threefold over control cells and prevented the reduction of aconitase activity, an index of cellular superoxide, and the increase in collagen synthesis that otherwise occurred in control MC in response to culture with 300 or 500 mg/dl glucose.	Superoxides	220-230	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	88-93
11509539-5	2001	Stimulation of VSM cells with IL-1 beta significantly (P &lt; 0.05) increased superoxide production, ERK activation, and MMP-9 induction.	Superoxides	78-88	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	30-39
11509539-8	2001	Direct exposure of VSM cells to increased superoxide levels by treatment with xanthine/xanthine oxidase increased ERK activation and MMP-9 induction, whereas pretreatment of cells with PD-98059 significantly (P &lt; 0.05) inhibited xanthine/xanthine oxidase-stimulated ERK activation and MMP-9 induction.	Superoxides	42-52	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	114-117
11509539-8	2001	Direct exposure of VSM cells to increased superoxide levels by treatment with xanthine/xanthine oxidase increased ERK activation and MMP-9 induction, whereas pretreatment of cells with PD-98059 significantly (P &lt; 0.05) inhibited xanthine/xanthine oxidase-stimulated ERK activation and MMP-9 induction.	Superoxides	42-52	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	269-272
11509539-9	2001	We conclude that NO inhibits IL-1 beta-stimulated MMP-9 induction by inhibiting superoxide generation and subsequent ERK activation.	Superoxides	80-90	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	29-38
11590701-4	2001	Comparison of two methods of superoxide detection (lucigenin-amplified CL and cytochrome c reduction) showed that there are excellent correlations between the results obtained by the two methods.	Superoxides	29-39	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	78-90
11516220-4	2001	Similarly to NO, nitroxides also can react with superoxide anion radical (O(2)(-)), they possess superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic action.	Superoxides	48-72	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	97-117
11551532-8	2001	This reduction of cGMP levels was blocked by SOD treatment, suggesting that superoxide anion generated by menadione could play a role in the inhibition of the nitric oxide pathway.	Superoxides	76-92	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	45-48
11589571-1	2001	Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide radicals produced during biological oxidations and environmental stress.	Superoxides	6-16	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
11589571-9	2001	The induced SOD1 may accelerate the neutralization of the superoxide anion and thus reduce the oxidative damage associated with dioxin toxicity.	Superoxides	58-74	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	12-16
11488600-3	2001	Our results show that oxidative stress induced by exogenous adding of hydrogen peroxide or superoxide anion in macrophage RAW 264.7 and mouse peritoneal macrophage cultures caused a marked enhancement of calcium-independent PLA2 (iPLA2) activity,whereas the increment of secreted PLA2 (sPLA2) and calcium-dependent cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2) activities were slight.	Superoxides	91-107	phospholipase A2, group VI	Mus musculus	230-235
11513598-12	2001	Superoxide and tyrosine drive the catalase activity because they reduce compound II back to the native enzyme.	Superoxides	0-10	catalase	Homo sapiens	34-42
11525764-10	2001	Reactive oxygen species (e.g., superoxide, peroxynitrite, hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide) are all potential reactants capable of initiating DNA single-strand breakage, with subsequent activation of the nuclear enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) synthetase (PARS), leading to eventual severe energy depletion of the cells, and necrotic-type cell death.	Superoxides	31-41	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	225-253
11500038-0	2001	Direct observation of release of cytochrome c from lipid-encapsulated protein by peroxide and superoxide: a possible mechanism for drug-induced apoptosis.	Superoxides	94-104	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	33-45
11500038-3	2001	Both hydrogen peroxide and superoxide were found to cause release of cytochrome c from the lipid encapsulated protein, which was detected from the distinct spectral changes due to the formation of the azide complex of cytochrome c in the solution.	Superoxides	27-37	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	69-81
11500038-3	2001	Both hydrogen peroxide and superoxide were found to cause release of cytochrome c from the lipid encapsulated protein, which was detected from the distinct spectral changes due to the formation of the azide complex of cytochrome c in the solution.	Superoxides	27-37	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	218-230
11493445-4	2001	Consistent with this idea, freshly explanted Fancc(-/-)Sod1(-/-) hepatocytes demonstrated increased spontaneous production of superoxide in vitro.	Superoxides	126-136	Fanconi anemia, complementation group C	Mus musculus	45-50
11489250-8	2001	These data show that vasopressin increased O2(-) production in a cyclooxygenase dependent manner and contributed to this production after FPI.	Superoxides	43-48	vasopressin	Sus scrofa	21-32
11493445-4	2001	Consistent with this idea, freshly explanted Fancc(-/-)Sod1(-/-) hepatocytes demonstrated increased spontaneous production of superoxide in vitro.	Superoxides	126-136	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	55-59
11443053-0	2001	Signaling by eNOS through a superoxide-dependent p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway.	Superoxides	28-38	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	13-17
11443053-1	2001	Expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in transfected U-937 cells upregulates phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production through a superoxide (O(2)(-))-dependent mechanism.	Superoxides	201-211	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	14-47
11443053-1	2001	Expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in transfected U-937 cells upregulates phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production through a superoxide (O(2)(-))-dependent mechanism.	Superoxides	201-211	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	49-53
11443053-1	2001	Expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in transfected U-937 cells upregulates phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production through a superoxide (O(2)(-))-dependent mechanism.	Superoxides	213-217	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	14-47
11443053-1	2001	Expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in transfected U-937 cells upregulates phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production through a superoxide (O(2)(-))-dependent mechanism.	Superoxides	213-217	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	49-53
11443053-2	2001	Because mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) have been shown to participate in both reactive oxygen species signaling and TNF-alpha regulation, their possible role in eNOS-derived O(2)(-) signal transduction was examined.	Superoxides	184-188	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	171-175
11443053-7	2001	Expression of Gln(361)eNOS, a mutant that produces O(2)(-) but not NO, still resulted in p42/44 MAPK phosphorylation.	Superoxides	51-55	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	22-26
11487528-7	2001	Peroxynitrite, a highly reactive nitrogen molecule derived from the interaction of NO and superoxide anion, significantly increased COX-2 expression.	Superoxides	90-106	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	132-137
11489250-0	2001	Vasopressin induced cyclooxygenase dependent superoxide generation contributes to K(+) channel function impairment after brain injury.	Superoxides	45-55	vasopressin	Sus scrofa	0-11
11489250-1	2001	This study determined if vasopressin generates superoxide anion (O2(-)) in a cyclooxygenase dependent manner and if such production contributes to impairment of dilation to activators of ATP sensitive K(+) (K(ATP)) and calcium sensitive K(+) (K(ca)) channels following fluid percussion brain injury (FPI) in newborn pigs equipped with closed cranial windows.	Superoxides	47-63	vasopressin	Sus scrofa	25-36
11489250-1	2001	This study determined if vasopressin generates superoxide anion (O2(-)) in a cyclooxygenase dependent manner and if such production contributes to impairment of dilation to activators of ATP sensitive K(+) (K(ATP)) and calcium sensitive K(+) (K(ca)) channels following fluid percussion brain injury (FPI) in newborn pigs equipped with closed cranial windows.	Superoxides	65-67	vasopressin	Sus scrofa	25-36
11457772-5	2001	Anti-CD18 monoclonal antibody or theophylline attenuated superoxide production of eosinophils and neutrophils stimulated by either stimuli.	Superoxides	57-67	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	5-9
20954153-3	2001	Activity can be measured as described in this unit by a number of indirect competitive inhibition assays based on the principle that the superoxide anion radical will reduce an inhibitory substrate [such as nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) or cytochrome c] and SOD activity will reduce the rate of reduction in a competitive fashion.	Superoxides	137-161	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	238-250
11447176-7	2001	In this report, we show that the M. tuberculosis sodC mutant is readily killed by superoxide generated externally, while the isogenic parental M. tuberculosis is unaffected under these conditions.	Superoxides	82-92	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	49-53
11457772-9	2001	These data demonstrated that CD54 and CD18 interaction of eosinophils or neutrophils is involved in superoxide production and that the inhibition of superoxide production by theophylline may be at least partly due to the inhibition of CD54 and CD18.	Superoxides	100-110	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	38-42
11493611-1	2001	Chronically elevated angiotensin II (Ang-II)-induced hypertension is partly mediated by superoxide production.	Superoxides	88-98	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	21-35
11493611-1	2001	Chronically elevated angiotensin II (Ang-II)-induced hypertension is partly mediated by superoxide production.	Superoxides	88-98	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	37-43
11495082-9	2001	The concentrations of recombinant (r)-IL-8, which covered the levels of activity detected in individual organ cultures or cell cultures of fractionated mucosal cells, could induce chemotactic migration and superoxide anion generation in neutrophils in vitro, and r-GROalpha had synergistic effects on r-IL-8-induced neutrophil activation.	Superoxides	206-222	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	38-42
11461170-1	2001	Insulin seems to have the ability to suppress the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and superoxide anion, enhance the synthesis of nitric oxide and inhibit the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) through stimulation of nitric oxide.	Superoxides	96-112	insulin	Homo sapiens	0-7
11545628-3	2001	Insulin inhibits TNF alpha and enhances TGF beta production, augments nitric oxide synthesis and blocks superoxide anion generation.	Superoxides	104-120	insulin	Homo sapiens	0-7
11435314-0	2001	Improved superoxide-generating ability by interferon gamma due to splicing pattern change of transcripts in neutrophils from patients with a splice site mutation in CYBB gene.	Superoxides	9-19	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	42-58
11435314-2	2001	Based on an increase of neutrophil superoxide-generating ability in response to interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) in a single patient with CGD, multicentered group studies demonstrated a beneficial effect of prophylactic IFN-gamma.	Superoxides	35-45	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	80-107
11435314-2	2001	Based on an increase of neutrophil superoxide-generating ability in response to interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) in a single patient with CGD, multicentered group studies demonstrated a beneficial effect of prophylactic IFN-gamma.	Superoxides	35-45	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	98-107
11435314-4	2001	The present report offers an additional kindred in whom an IFN-gamma-dependent increase in neutrophil superoxide production was observed in 3 affected patients.	Superoxides	102-112	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	59-68
11463603-3	2001	The superoxide dismutases (SOD) are the primary enzymatic method to reduce superoxide.	Superoxides	4-14	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	27-30
11437376-9	2001	In subendothelial space, EC-SOD bound on heparan sulfate might suppress LDL oxidation through reduction of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	107-123	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	25-31
11406471-0	2001	HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor stabilizes rabbit atheroma by increasing basal NO and decreasing superoxide.	Superoxides	93-103	3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	0-17
11435314-8	2001	The changes in the splicing pattern of the transcripts and the prolonged effect on superoxide-generating ability of patient neutrophils indicate that IFN-gamma induced a partial correction of the abnormal splicing of CYBB gene transcripts in myeloid progenitor cells.	Superoxides	83-93	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	150-159
11406499-8	2001	We conclude that NO generation by isolated OMDVR can be increased by L-arginine, that the endothelium-dependent vasodilator BK enhances NO production, and that NO consumption by superoxide plays a role in the determination of cellular NO concentrations.	Superoxides	178-188	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	124-126
11415454-9	2001	Further investigation revealed that the levels of superoxide were significantly elevated in cells incubated with homocysteine for 12-48 h. The addition of superoxide dismutase, a scavenger of superoxide, to the culture medium abolished the stimulatory effect of homocysteine on CCR2 expression as well as the binding activity of the receptor.	Superoxides	50-60	C-C motif chemokine receptor 2	Homo sapiens	278-282
11415454-9	2001	Further investigation revealed that the levels of superoxide were significantly elevated in cells incubated with homocysteine for 12-48 h. The addition of superoxide dismutase, a scavenger of superoxide, to the culture medium abolished the stimulatory effect of homocysteine on CCR2 expression as well as the binding activity of the receptor.	Superoxides	155-165	C-C motif chemokine receptor 2	Homo sapiens	278-282
11295363-8	2001	These observations correlated with the decrease of superoxide content as estimated by the INT-reductase assay in the presence of SOD using the same model system, as well as with the increase of intracellular SOD content and its activity.	Superoxides	51-61	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	129-132
11410114-12	2001	The mechanism could be either that lisinopril limits the angiotensin II-induced production of superoxide radicals which would normally inactivate NO, or that lisinopril may increase bradykinin-mediated NO release.	Superoxides	94-104	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	57-71
11481669-8	2001	There was a significant increase in total superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD + Mn-SOD) activity (141% of control) with PB plus exercise, suggesting that any influx of superoxide anions was scavenged efficiently.	Superoxides	163-180	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	64-72
11382929-5	2001	ANG II elicited robust phosphorylation of p42/44 MAPK as measured using phospho-specific antibodies, and increased superoxide production as measured by cytochrome c reduction and lucigenin chemiluminescence assays.	Superoxides	115-125	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
11444502-11	2001	We conclude that oxygen-derived free radicals can stimulate the synthesis of endothelin-1 in endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells by increasing preproendothelin-1 mRNA content and that this effect is mediated predominantly by superoxide anions.	Superoxides	234-251	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	77-89
11446714-0	2001	Increased generation of superoxide by angiotensin II in smooth muscle cells from resistance arteries of hypertensive patients: role of phospholipase D-dependent NAD(P)H oxidase-sensitive pathways.	Superoxides	24-34	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	38-52
11446714-0	2001	Increased generation of superoxide by angiotensin II in smooth muscle cells from resistance arteries of hypertensive patients: role of phospholipase D-dependent NAD(P)H oxidase-sensitive pathways.	Superoxides	24-34	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	135-150
11445809-3	2001	A novel, multifaceted leukocyte disorder-distinguished by defects in shape change, chemotaxis, ingestion, degranulation, superoxide anion production, and bactericidal activity-was established secondary to a defect in Rac2.	Superoxides	121-137	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	217-221
11512144-1	2001	We studied the effect of carbon disulphide (CS2) on the generation of superoxide anion (O2-*) and its chemiluminescence (CL) in the pyrogallol-luminol system.	Superoxides	70-86	chorionic somatomammotropin hormone 2	Homo sapiens	44-47
11512144-1	2001	We studied the effect of carbon disulphide (CS2) on the generation of superoxide anion (O2-*) and its chemiluminescence (CL) in the pyrogallol-luminol system.	Superoxides	88-92	chorionic somatomammotropin hormone 2	Homo sapiens	44-47
11512144-7	2001	The results suggest that CS2 can induce the pyrogallol-luminol system to generate an increased amount of O2-* and delay the CL peak time.	Superoxides	105-107	chorionic somatomammotropin hormone 2	Homo sapiens	25-28
11457979-0	2001	Superoxide production by plant homologues of the gp91(phox) NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	0-10	NADPH oxidase	Solanum lycopersicum	49-53
11457979-13	2001	Thus, in contrast to the mammalian gp91(phox), the plant homolog can produce O(2)(-) in the absence of additional cytosolic components and is stimulated directly by Ca(2+).	Superoxides	77-82	NADPH oxidase	Solanum lycopersicum	35-39
11441215-9	2001	CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that oxygen-derived free radicals, particularly superoxide, play an important role in the iNOS gene expression after SAH and provide a molecular basis for the protective role of SOD against vasospasm after SAH.	Superoxides	84-94	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	126-130
11422452-7	2001	In contrast, superoxide dismutase/catalase as well as MK-801 prevented toxicity of 3-hydroxyglutarate alone as well as its potentiation by iNOS, supporting a central role of NMDA receptor stimulation with subsequently increased superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	228-244	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	34-42
11422452-7	2001	In contrast, superoxide dismutase/catalase as well as MK-801 prevented toxicity of 3-hydroxyglutarate alone as well as its potentiation by iNOS, supporting a central role of NMDA receptor stimulation with subsequently increased superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	228-244	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	139-143
11378440-9	2001	In addition, Oxy5-overexpressing cells exhibit a reduction in endogenous superoxide ion levels, which concomitantly results in a dramatic decrease in their tumorigenic potential.	Superoxides	73-83	annexin 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	13-17
11704770-4	2001	Superoxide anion was measured by the cytochrome c reduction microtechnique and H(2)O(2) by phenol red.	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	37-49
11348997-0	2001	Novel gp91(phox) homologues in vascular smooth muscle cells : nox1 mediates angiotensin II-induced superoxide formation and redox-sensitive signaling pathways.	Superoxides	99-109	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	76-90
11348997-5	2001	We found that both nox1 and nox4 are expressed to a much higher degree than gp91(phox) in VSMCS: Although serum, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and Ang II downregulated nox4, they markedly upregulated nox1, suggesting that this enzyme may account for the delayed phase of superoxide production in these cells.	Superoxides	280-290	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	156-162
11348997-6	2001	Furthermore, an adenovirus expressing antisense nox1 mRNA completely inhibited the early phase of superoxide production induced by Ang II or PDGF and significantly decreased activation of the redox-sensitive signaling molecules p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and Akt by Ang II.	Superoxides	98-108	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	131-137
11349005-4	2001	Ang II increased aortic superoxide anion production 2-fold in the aorta of WT mice but did not do so in KO mice.	Superoxides	24-40	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	0-6
11349005-8	2001	These results indicate an essential role in vivo of gp91(phox) and NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide anion in the regulation of basal BP and a pressure-independent vascular hypertrophic and oxidant stress response to Ang II.	Superoxides	89-105	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	216-222
11358991-2	2001	Here we report that peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) formed by a reaction of NO with superoxide mediates IL-8 gene expression and IL-8 production in IL-1beta- and TNF-alpha-stimulated human leukocytes in whole blood.	Superoxides	76-86	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	96-100
11358991-2	2001	Here we report that peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) formed by a reaction of NO with superoxide mediates IL-8 gene expression and IL-8 production in IL-1beta- and TNF-alpha-stimulated human leukocytes in whole blood.	Superoxides	76-86	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	121-125
11358991-2	2001	Here we report that peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) formed by a reaction of NO with superoxide mediates IL-8 gene expression and IL-8 production in IL-1beta- and TNF-alpha-stimulated human leukocytes in whole blood.	Superoxides	76-86	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	140-148
11358991-2	2001	Here we report that peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) formed by a reaction of NO with superoxide mediates IL-8 gene expression and IL-8 production in IL-1beta- and TNF-alpha-stimulated human leukocytes in whole blood.	Superoxides	76-86	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	154-163
11399092-10	2001	TNFalpha treated chondrocytes at 48 h produce superoxide anion (EPR method).	Superoxides	46-62	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-8
11297530-1	2001	Manganese-superoxide dismutase (Sod2) removes mitochondrially derived superoxide (O(2)) at near-diffusion limiting rates and is the only antioxidant enzyme whose expression is regulated by numerous stimuli.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	32-36
11297530-1	2001	Manganese-superoxide dismutase (Sod2) removes mitochondrially derived superoxide (O(2)) at near-diffusion limiting rates and is the only antioxidant enzyme whose expression is regulated by numerous stimuli.	Superoxides	82-86	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	32-36
11282164-2	2001	Using Western blotting and specific inhibitors it is shown that both ERK 1/2 and p38 MAPK signal transduction pathways as well as PKC are involved in the amyloid-beta-stimulated superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	178-194	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	69-76
11282164-2	2001	Using Western blotting and specific inhibitors it is shown that both ERK 1/2 and p38 MAPK signal transduction pathways as well as PKC are involved in the amyloid-beta-stimulated superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	178-194	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	81-84
11341562-8	2001	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) inhibited the effects of crocidolite, reacting rapidly with *O2- before the secondary release of *OH.	Superoxides	88-90	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
11341562-8	2001	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) inhibited the effects of crocidolite, reacting rapidly with *O2- before the secondary release of *OH.	Superoxides	88-90	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
12067501-6	2001	Acellular synovial fluid amplifies the superoxide anion release induced by fMLP more than the corresponding serum, indicating that a bacterial infection in the joint might enhance the oxidative damage in the inflamed synovium.	Superoxides	39-55	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	75-79
11259536-11	2001	This study identifies endothelin-1 rather than prostanoids as a distal mediator induced by the reaction product of superoxide and nitric oxide, i.e., peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	115-125	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	22-34
11259567-7	2001	The competitive antagonistic action was further confirmed by the finding that rebamipide caused a parallel shift to the right in the dose-response curve of O2 production induced by fMLP.	Superoxides	156-158	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	181-185
11259567-8	2001	These results provide evidence that the competitive inhibitory action of rebamipide on the fMLP-receptor plays a main role in its inhibitory action on fMLP-induced O2 production.	Superoxides	164-166	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	91-104
11259567-8	2001	These results provide evidence that the competitive inhibitory action of rebamipide on the fMLP-receptor plays a main role in its inhibitory action on fMLP-induced O2 production.	Superoxides	164-166	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	91-95
11384204-2	2001	We previously demonstrated that NK1 and NK2 receptors are present on human monocytes, SP and NKA inducing superoxide anion production and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) mRNA expression.	Superoxides	106-122	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	86-88
11384204-2	2001	We previously demonstrated that NK1 and NK2 receptors are present on human monocytes, SP and NKA inducing superoxide anion production and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) mRNA expression.	Superoxides	106-122	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	93-96
11303730-7	2001	Superoxide (O2-) production was measured by reduction of cytochrome c, adherence to fibrinogen was assessed by the radioactivity of adherent Na2(51)CrO4 (51Cr)-labeled PMNs, and endothelial cell (EC) damage by measuring the radioactivity released from 51Cr-labeled human umbilical vein endothelial cells monolayers.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	57-69
11313892-0	2001	Elevated superoxide production by active H-ras enhances human lung WI-38VA-13 cell proliferation, migration and resistance to TNF-alpha.	Superoxides	9-19	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	126-135
11313892-5	2001	Upon scavenging by superoxide dismutase and other molecules that decrease the intracellular level of active H-ras mediated superoxide production, cell proliferation, migration and resistance to TNF-alpha were significantly reduced.	Superoxides	19-29	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	194-203
11313892-7	2001	The causal relationship between membrane superoxide production and increased cell proliferation, migration, and resistance to TNF-alpha by the expression of active H-ras, has provided direct evidence to demonstrate that superoxide acts as an intracellular messenger to cascade ras oncogenic signal relay and to modulate tumor malignant activity.	Superoxides	41-51	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	126-135
11313892-7	2001	The causal relationship between membrane superoxide production and increased cell proliferation, migration, and resistance to TNF-alpha by the expression of active H-ras, has provided direct evidence to demonstrate that superoxide acts as an intracellular messenger to cascade ras oncogenic signal relay and to modulate tumor malignant activity.	Superoxides	220-230	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	126-135
11246233-2	2001	Prior studies have shown, however, that SOD1 overexpression can reduce neuronal survival during exposure to superoxide generators by a mechanism involving excess H(2)O(2) accumulation.	Superoxides	108-118	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	40-44
11246233-6	2001	In contrast to prior observations with neurons, astrocytes that overexpress SOD1 showed increased resistance to superoxide toxicity.	Superoxides	112-122	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	76-80
11490098-8	2001	However, increase in the production of O2-* by antimycin A (25 microM) only slightly enhanced the TNF effect in altering the Delta(Psi)m and the release of cyto c. Treating cells with antimycin A alone could not induce a reduction in Delta(Psi)m nor a release of cyto c. Taken together, our results indicate that TNF induced damage in mitochondria in L929 cells.	Superoxides	39-41	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	98-101
11490098-8	2001	However, increase in the production of O2-* by antimycin A (25 microM) only slightly enhanced the TNF effect in altering the Delta(Psi)m and the release of cyto c. Treating cells with antimycin A alone could not induce a reduction in Delta(Psi)m nor a release of cyto c. Taken together, our results indicate that TNF induced damage in mitochondria in L929 cells.	Superoxides	39-41	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	313-316
11490098-9	2001	Our data also show that an increase in the production of O2-* was important in the TNF cytotoxicity, but was not sufficient to mimic the action of TNF.	Superoxides	57-59	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	83-86
11397713-4	2001	By use of confocal microscopy of an oxidative fluorescent probe (dihydroethidium), increased superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) production was demonstrated throughout the aortic wall but mainly in smooth muscle cells of apoE-deficient mice.	Superoxides	93-109	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	212-216
11397713-4	2001	By use of confocal microscopy of an oxidative fluorescent probe (dihydroethidium), increased superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) production was demonstrated throughout the aortic wall but mainly in smooth muscle cells of apoE-deficient mice.	Superoxides	111-118	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	212-216
11397713-6	2001	A cell-permeable SOD mimetic, Mn(III) tetra(4-benzoic acid) porphyrin chloride (10(-)(5) mol/L), reduced O(2)(-) production and partially normalized relaxations to acetylcholine and DEA-NONOate in apoE-deficient mice (P&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	105-109	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	17-20
11397713-9	2001	Our results demonstrate that in apoE-deficient mice on a Western-type fat diet, impairment of endothelial function is caused by increased production of O(2)(-) and reduced endothelial NO synthase enzyme activity.	Superoxides	152-156	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	32-36
11369646-5	2001	The results indicate that 3-(4-morpholinyl)-sydnonimine (SIN-1, an O2*- and NO* donor) and chemically synthesized peroxynitrite, but not S-nitroso-N-acetyl-D,L-penicillamine (SNAP, an NO* donor), have a strong apoptotic effect on human thymocytes (annexin V staining and TUNEL reaction).	Superoxides	67-70	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	57-62
11352506-1	2001	Neutrophil-like HL-60 cells reacted to N -formyl- l -Methionyl- l -Leucyl- l -P henylalanine (f MLP) with a rise in the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2]i), NADPH oxidase activation, and increased superoxide anion (O2-) production.	Superoxides	206-222	mucin 2, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming	Homo sapiens	96-99
11352506-1	2001	Neutrophil-like HL-60 cells reacted to N -formyl- l -Methionyl- l -Leucyl- l -P henylalanine (f MLP) with a rise in the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2]i), NADPH oxidase activation, and increased superoxide anion (O2-) production.	Superoxides	224-226	mucin 2, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming	Homo sapiens	96-99
11545248-0	2001	Effects of PDE4 inhibitors on lipopolysaccharide-induced priming of superoxide anion production from human mononuclear cells.	Superoxides	68-84	phosphodiesterase 4A	Homo sapiens	11-15
11545248-4	2001	Rolipram or RP 73-401 (10(-8) to 10(-5) M) induced significant reductions of fMLP-induced superoxide anion production in cells incubated with or without LPS.	Superoxides	90-106	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	77-81
11545248-5	2001	The db-cAMP (10(-5) to 10(-3) M) also elicited dose-dependent inhibitions of the fMLP-induced superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	94-110	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	81-85
11545248-7	2001	PRINCIPAL CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the inhibitory activity of PDE4 inhibitors on fMLP-induced production of superoxide anion production is mediated by db-cAMP rather than IL-10.	Superoxides	122-138	phosphodiesterase 4A	Homo sapiens	76-80
11545248-7	2001	PRINCIPAL CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the inhibitory activity of PDE4 inhibitors on fMLP-induced production of superoxide anion production is mediated by db-cAMP rather than IL-10.	Superoxides	122-138	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	95-99
11387506-0	2001	Vasopressin-induced protein kinase C-dependent superoxide generation contributes to atp-sensitive potassium channel but not calcium-sensitive potassium channel function impairment after brain injury.	Superoxides	47-57	vasopressin	Sus scrofa	0-11
11387506-5	2001	We tested whether vasopressin generates O(2)(-) in a protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent manner, which could link vasopressin release to impaired K(ATP) and K(Ca) channel-induced pial artery dilation after FPI.	Superoxides	40-44	vasopressin	Sus scrofa	18-29
11387506-5	2001	We tested whether vasopressin generates O(2)(-) in a protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent manner, which could link vasopressin release to impaired K(ATP) and K(Ca) channel-induced pial artery dilation after FPI.	Superoxides	40-44	vasopressin	Sus scrofa	111-122
11387506-14	2001	CONCLUSIONS: These data show that vasopressin, in concentrations present in CSF after FPI, increased O(2)(-) production in a PKC-dependent manner and contributes to such production after FPI.	Superoxides	101-108	vasopressin	Sus scrofa	34-45
11278264-0	2001	Heat shock protein 90 mediates the balance of nitric oxide and superoxide anion from endothelial nitric-oxide synthase.	Superoxides	63-79	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	85-118
11358825-6	2001	FcalphaRI proved more efficient in initiating early signaling events and effector functions, such as redirected tumor cell killing and generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	149-159	Fc alpha receptor	Homo sapiens	0-9
11348868-6	2001	Furthermore, the injury-induced superoxide production was associated with augmented NAD(P)H oxidase activity and upregulation of p47(phox) and p67(phox) in adventitial fibroblasts (immunohistochemistry).	Superoxides	32-42	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	143-146
11368132-0	2001	Induced myeloperoxidase activity and related superoxide inhibition during hormone replacement therapy.	Superoxides	45-55	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	8-23
11368132-18	2001	Adding myeloperoxidase to neutrophil granulocyte suspensions, the production of superoxide anion fell (e.g. adding 280 ng/ml myeloperoxidase: 77.9 +/- 14.04 % of control production, P &lt; 0.001).	Superoxides	80-96	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	7-22
11368132-18	2001	Adding myeloperoxidase to neutrophil granulocyte suspensions, the production of superoxide anion fell (e.g. adding 280 ng/ml myeloperoxidase: 77.9 +/- 14.04 % of control production, P &lt; 0.001).	Superoxides	80-96	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	125-140
11360435-5	2001	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzymatic quencher of O2- inhibited O2- production in all drugs tested.	Superoxides	53-55	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
11360435-5	2001	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzymatic quencher of O2- inhibited O2- production in all drugs tested.	Superoxides	53-55	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
11360435-5	2001	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzymatic quencher of O2- inhibited O2- production in all drugs tested.	Superoxides	67-69	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
11360435-5	2001	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzymatic quencher of O2- inhibited O2- production in all drugs tested.	Superoxides	67-69	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
11417851-3	2001	Cells were pretreated with Danchunhwan and exposed to sodium nitroprusside (SNP), an NO donor, and 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) which simultaneously generates NO and superoxide, thus possibly forming peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	169-179	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	124-129
11393255-3	2001	iNOS catalyzes the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), a key inflammatory mediator, which in turn reacts with superoxide to generate peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	106-116	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
11377135-1	2001	I suggest that insulin suppresses the secretion and antagonizes the harmful effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, macrophage migration-inhibitory factor, and superoxide anion.	Superoxides	160-176	insulin	Homo sapiens	15-22
11312732-3	2001	The complex M40403 was previously shown to be a superoxide dismutase (SOD) catalyst with rates for the catalytic dismutation of superoxide to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide at pH = 7.4 of 1.2 x 10(+7) M(-1) s(-1).	Superoxides	48-58	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	70-73
11315931-8	2001	RESULTS: Activation of PMN by MPO-ANCA-positive IgG preparations compared with PR3-ANCA-positive IgG preparations resulted in greater generation of superoxide anions (MPO-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 9.13 +/- 0.39 nmoles [mean +/- SEM], PR3-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 6.32 +/- 0.35 nmoles; P &lt; 0.001), Ca2+ fluxes (MPO-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 0.735 +/- 0.10, PR3-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 0.33 +/- 0.098; P &lt; 0.01), and MPO degranulation (MPO-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 251.98 +/- 26.7 ng, PR3-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 145.19 +/- 19.4 ng; P &lt; 0.001).	Superoxides	148-165	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	30-33
11315931-8	2001	RESULTS: Activation of PMN by MPO-ANCA-positive IgG preparations compared with PR3-ANCA-positive IgG preparations resulted in greater generation of superoxide anions (MPO-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 9.13 +/- 0.39 nmoles [mean +/- SEM], PR3-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 6.32 +/- 0.35 nmoles; P &lt; 0.001), Ca2+ fluxes (MPO-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 0.735 +/- 0.10, PR3-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 0.33 +/- 0.098; P &lt; 0.01), and MPO degranulation (MPO-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 251.98 +/- 26.7 ng, PR3-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 145.19 +/- 19.4 ng; P &lt; 0.001).	Superoxides	148-165	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	167-170
11315931-8	2001	RESULTS: Activation of PMN by MPO-ANCA-positive IgG preparations compared with PR3-ANCA-positive IgG preparations resulted in greater generation of superoxide anions (MPO-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 9.13 +/- 0.39 nmoles [mean +/- SEM], PR3-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 6.32 +/- 0.35 nmoles; P &lt; 0.001), Ca2+ fluxes (MPO-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 0.735 +/- 0.10, PR3-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 0.33 +/- 0.098; P &lt; 0.01), and MPO degranulation (MPO-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 251.98 +/- 26.7 ng, PR3-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 145.19 +/- 19.4 ng; P &lt; 0.001).	Superoxides	148-165	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	167-170
11315931-8	2001	RESULTS: Activation of PMN by MPO-ANCA-positive IgG preparations compared with PR3-ANCA-positive IgG preparations resulted in greater generation of superoxide anions (MPO-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 9.13 +/- 0.39 nmoles [mean +/- SEM], PR3-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 6.32 +/- 0.35 nmoles; P &lt; 0.001), Ca2+ fluxes (MPO-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 0.735 +/- 0.10, PR3-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 0.33 +/- 0.098; P &lt; 0.01), and MPO degranulation (MPO-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 251.98 +/- 26.7 ng, PR3-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 145.19 +/- 19.4 ng; P &lt; 0.001).	Superoxides	148-165	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	167-170
11315931-8	2001	RESULTS: Activation of PMN by MPO-ANCA-positive IgG preparations compared with PR3-ANCA-positive IgG preparations resulted in greater generation of superoxide anions (MPO-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 9.13 +/- 0.39 nmoles [mean +/- SEM], PR3-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 6.32 +/- 0.35 nmoles; P &lt; 0.001), Ca2+ fluxes (MPO-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 0.735 +/- 0.10, PR3-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 0.33 +/- 0.098; P &lt; 0.01), and MPO degranulation (MPO-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 251.98 +/- 26.7 ng, PR3-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 145.19 +/- 19.4 ng; P &lt; 0.001).	Superoxides	148-165	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	167-170
11345651-12	2001	Superoxide anion radicals which retard the oxidation of ADR were quenched by urocanic acid but not by histidine.	Superoxides	0-16	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B	Homo sapiens	56-59
11330877-1	2001	OBJECTIVES: To investigate the basal and NADH-stimulated superoxide (.O2-) production and inactivation by Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) in aorta from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and from desoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertensive (DOCA-HT) rats.	Superoxides	57-67	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	134-137
11330877-1	2001	OBJECTIVES: To investigate the basal and NADH-stimulated superoxide (.O2-) production and inactivation by Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) in aorta from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and from desoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertensive (DOCA-HT) rats.	Superoxides	70-72	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	134-137
11259567-0	2001	Rebamipide suppresses formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-induced superoxide production by inhibiting fMLP-receptor binding in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	75-85	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
11259567-1	2001	The purpose of the present work was to investigate the mechanism underlying the inhibitory action of rebamipide on superoxide anion (O2) production induced by the chemotactic peptide formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	133-135	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	222-226
11259567-2	2001	Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP(3)), a product of phosphoinositide 3-OH-kinase (PI 3-kinase) accumulated in response to fMLP and this accumulation was well correlated with O2 production in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	186-188	prolactin induced protein	Homo sapiens	42-45
11259567-2	2001	Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP(3)), a product of phosphoinositide 3-OH-kinase (PI 3-kinase) accumulated in response to fMLP and this accumulation was well correlated with O2 production in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	186-188	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	134-138
11259567-3	2001	Rebamipide inhibited PIP(3) production in parallel with the inhibition of fMLP-induced O2 production.	Superoxides	87-89	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	74-78
14715470-6	2001	In addition, the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase play a prooxidant role by increasing the autoxidation rate and formation of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	37-47	catalase	Homo sapiens	62-70
11313880-3	2001	p53 activation was followed by the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide anion (O2-*) measured by hydroethidium oxidation into ethidium and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) measured by oxidation of 2",7"-dichlorofluorescin (DCFH) into 2",7"-dichlorofluorescein (DCF), which was accompanied with ceramide generation through the activation of neutral, but not acid, sphingomyelinase.	Superoxides	79-95	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	0-3
11313880-3	2001	p53 activation was followed by the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide anion (O2-*) measured by hydroethidium oxidation into ethidium and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) measured by oxidation of 2",7"-dichlorofluorescin (DCFH) into 2",7"-dichlorofluorescein (DCF), which was accompanied with ceramide generation through the activation of neutral, but not acid, sphingomyelinase.	Superoxides	97-99	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	0-3
11313880-4	2001	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), a selective antioxidant for O2-*, had no effects on p53 expression but inhibited ceramide generation and apoptotic cell death caused by etoposide.	Superoxides	56-58	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
11313880-4	2001	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), a selective antioxidant for O2-*, had no effects on p53 expression but inhibited ceramide generation and apoptotic cell death caused by etoposide.	Superoxides	56-58	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
11313880-8	2001	Moreover, expression of functional p53 protein in glioma cells expressing mutant p53 using a temperature-sensitive human p53(Val138) induced ceramide accumulation by the activation of neutral sphingomyelinase which was dependent on the generation of O2-*.	Superoxides	250-254	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	35-38
11313880-8	2001	Moreover, expression of functional p53 protein in glioma cells expressing mutant p53 using a temperature-sensitive human p53(Val138) induced ceramide accumulation by the activation of neutral sphingomyelinase which was dependent on the generation of O2-*.	Superoxides	250-254	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	81-84
11313880-8	2001	Moreover, expression of functional p53 protein in glioma cells expressing mutant p53 using a temperature-sensitive human p53(Val138) induced ceramide accumulation by the activation of neutral sphingomyelinase which was dependent on the generation of O2-*.	Superoxides	250-254	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	81-84
11313880-9	2001	Taken together, these results suggest that p53 may modulate ceramide generation by activation of neutral sphingomyelinase through the formation of O2-*, but not its downstream compounds H2O2 or * OH.	Superoxides	147-149	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	43-46
11245904-2	2001	Antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutases (SOD, converting superoxide anion into H2O2) and catalase (converting H2O2 into water), are candidate drugs for augmentation of antioxidant defenses in endothelium.	Superoxides	60-76	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	44-47
11237707-1	2001	Tumor necrosis factor (TNFalpha) is an incomplete secretagogue in neutrophils and requires the engagement of beta integrins to trigger secretion of superoxide anion (O(-)(2)).	Superoxides	148-164	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-21
11237707-1	2001	Tumor necrosis factor (TNFalpha) is an incomplete secretagogue in neutrophils and requires the engagement of beta integrins to trigger secretion of superoxide anion (O(-)(2)).	Superoxides	148-164	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	23-31
11368186-1	2001	We recently reported the synthesis of a cationic superoxide dismutase (SOD) derivative (AH-SOD) that rapidly and selectively accumulates in and around proximal tubule cells and effectively dismutes superoxide radicals in situ.	Superoxides	49-59	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	71-74
11223870-0	2001	Roles of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and phospholipase D in temporal activation of superoxide production in FMLP-stimulated human neutrophils.	Superoxides	85-95	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	43-58
11223870-0	2001	Roles of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and phospholipase D in temporal activation of superoxide production in FMLP-stimulated human neutrophils.	Superoxides	85-95	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	110-114
11223870-7	2001	NADPH oxidase is activated in a PI3-kinase-dependent manner at the early phase, and PLD activity follows it and is related to superoxide production at the late phase in human neutrophils by stimulation with FMLP.	Superoxides	126-136	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	84-87
11223870-7	2001	NADPH oxidase is activated in a PI3-kinase-dependent manner at the early phase, and PLD activity follows it and is related to superoxide production at the late phase in human neutrophils by stimulation with FMLP.	Superoxides	126-136	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	207-211
11241298-3	2001	However, in presence of IFN-gamma or TNF-alpha, the superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) production, the p47phox, gp91phox and p22phox expression, and the binding of PU.1 and CP-1 to DNA are maintained at the high levels observed in blood monocytes.	Superoxides	52-68	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	24-33
11241298-3	2001	However, in presence of IFN-gamma or TNF-alpha, the superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) production, the p47phox, gp91phox and p22phox expression, and the binding of PU.1 and CP-1 to DNA are maintained at the high levels observed in blood monocytes.	Superoxides	70-74	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	24-33
11241298-7	2001	However, the preservation of O(2)(-) production by IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha is unrelated to their effect on gp91phox and p22phox expression.	Superoxides	29-34	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	51-60
11165869-4	2001	Superoxide radical production was assessed by the reduction of cytochrome C by glucose in the presence and absence of P or PM in a cell-free buffered solution.	Superoxides	0-18	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	63-75
11257465-6	2001	We found that in a dose-dependent manner fibrinogen inhibited superoxide generation (pyrogallol and xanthine-xanthine oxidase reactions), ferrous ion oxidation and hydroxyl radical dependent degradation (of deoxyribose).	Superoxides	62-72	fibrinogen beta chain	Homo sapiens	41-51
11171943-10	2001	ROS (e.g., superoxide, peroxynitrite, hydroxyl radical, and hydrogen peroxide) are all potential reactants capable of initiating DNA single-strand breakage, with subsequent activation of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase, leading to eventual severe energy depletion of the cells and necrotic-type cell death.	Superoxides	11-21	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	206-233
11222876-14	2001	We conclude that dihydroxylated PCBs, and PCB quinones after reaction with GSH, produce superoxide and other ROS both in vitro and in HL-60 cells, and oxidative DNA damage in the form of DNA strand breaks in vitro.	Superoxides	88-98	pyruvate carboxylase	Homo sapiens	32-35
11071897-1	2001	Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) is an effective producer of reactive oxygen species such as superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide, which may contribute to the development of alcohol liver disease or cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	89-107	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily E member 1	Homo sapiens	0-19
11071897-1	2001	Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) is an effective producer of reactive oxygen species such as superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide, which may contribute to the development of alcohol liver disease or cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	89-107	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily E member 1	Homo sapiens	21-27
11157675-1	2001	In a previous study, we found that the p22(phox) subunit of the NADH/NADPH oxidase is overexpressed in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) with enhanced vascular production of superoxide anion ((.)O(2)(-)).	Superoxides	221-237	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Rattus norvegicus	43-47
11156938-10	2001	These data provide genetic proof that p47phox is necessary for superoxide release by microglial cells and indicate that a system related to the phagocyte oxidase is active in these cells.	Superoxides	63-73	NSFL1 (p97) cofactor (p47)	Mus musculus	38-41
11159984-4	2001	IFN-gamma-activated resting peritoneal macrophages from MIF(-/-) mice showed impaired macrophage leishmanicidal activity and produced significantly lower levels of nitric oxide and superoxide in vitro.	Superoxides	181-191	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	0-9
11159984-4	2001	IFN-gamma-activated resting peritoneal macrophages from MIF(-/-) mice showed impaired macrophage leishmanicidal activity and produced significantly lower levels of nitric oxide and superoxide in vitro.	Superoxides	181-191	macrophage migration inhibitory factor (glycosylation-inhibiting factor)	Mus musculus	56-59
11168990-7	2001	RESULTS: The GCmix pretreatment decreased the superoxide production in activated neutrophils (fMLP or zymosan) by 50% (P &lt; 0.01) and the ATP concentration by 60% (P &lt; 0.05), and it inhibited glycolytic flux (lactate production) by 45% (P &lt; 0.01), but did not alter glutathione concentration.	Superoxides	46-56	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	94-98
11170825-0	2001	Increased superoxide generation is associated with decreased superoxide dismutase activity and mRNA expression in placental trophoblast cells in pre-eclampsia.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	61-81
11170825-12	2001	We conclude that increased superoxide generation was associated with decreased SOD activity and mRNA expression for CuZn-SOD in trophoblast cells isolated from pre-eclamptic placentae.	Superoxides	27-37	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	79-82
11170825-12	2001	We conclude that increased superoxide generation was associated with decreased SOD activity and mRNA expression for CuZn-SOD in trophoblast cells isolated from pre-eclamptic placentae.	Superoxides	27-37	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	121-124
11228101-10	2001	These results suggest that EFS of SHR mesenteric arteries releases neurogenic NO, the metabolism of which is increased in the presence of AII by the generation of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	163-180	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	138-141
11139472-4	2001	The selective CYP 2C9 inhibitor sulfaphenazole and the superoxide anion (O(2-)) scavengers Tiron and nordihydroguaretic acid also induced a leftward shift in the NO-mediated concentration-relaxation curve to bradykinin.	Superoxides	73-78	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	208-218
11139401-5	2001	Full activation of caspase 9 and caspase 3 appeared to be correlated with the appearance of superoxide anions in the mitochondria, and followed the drop in NADPH.	Superoxides	92-109	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	33-42
11139407-2	2001	Release of superoxide anion into the intermembrane space is a controversial topic, partly unresolved by the reaction of superoxide anion with cytochrome c, which faces the intermembrane space and is present in this compartment at a high concentration.	Superoxides	11-27	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	142-154
11139407-2	2001	Release of superoxide anion into the intermembrane space is a controversial topic, partly unresolved by the reaction of superoxide anion with cytochrome c, which faces the intermembrane space and is present in this compartment at a high concentration.	Superoxides	120-136	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	142-154
11145700-6	2001	Concomitant with the cleavage of ERK and p38 MAPK, GM-CSF- and TNF-induced superoxide release, adherence, and phosphorylation of ERK and p38 MAPK were decreased in neutrophils undergoing apoptosis.	Superoxides	75-85	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	33-36
11145700-7	2001	In addition, GM-CSF- and TNF-induced superoxide release and adherence were inhibited by PD98059 MAPK/ERK kinase inhibitor) as well as SB203580 (p38 MAPK inhibitor), suggesting possible involvement of ERK and p38 MAPK in superoxide release and adherence induced by these cytokines.	Superoxides	37-47	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	101-104
11145700-7	2001	In addition, GM-CSF- and TNF-induced superoxide release and adherence were inhibited by PD98059 MAPK/ERK kinase inhibitor) as well as SB203580 (p38 MAPK inhibitor), suggesting possible involvement of ERK and p38 MAPK in superoxide release and adherence induced by these cytokines.	Superoxides	37-47	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	200-203
11170241-2	2001	Previously, we showed that S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine-amine (SNAP), which generates nitric oxide, and 3-morpholinosydnonimine (Sin-1), which generates equal molar concentrations of superoxide and nitric oxide resulting in peroxynitrite production, exhibited different levels of cytotoxicity to normal human hepatocytes in culture.	Superoxides	186-196	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	132-137
11251697-5	2001	The electron spin resonance study also demonstrated that the formation of superoxide-DMPO spin adduct was strongly inhibited by a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, etodolac, in a concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	74-84	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	140-156
11575740-7	2001	Lower NO production in stage IV disease may be due to lower expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), further facilitating the production of superoxide anions (O2*-).	Superoxides	142-159	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	74-95
11575740-7	2001	Lower NO production in stage IV disease may be due to lower expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), further facilitating the production of superoxide anions (O2*-).	Superoxides	161-163	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	74-95
11686853-3	2001	We tested the hypothesis that a short-term in vitro exposure to domoic acid, might lead to the activation of rat neonatal microglia and the concomitant release of the putative neurotoxic mediators tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), matrix metalloproteinases-2 and-9 (MMP-2 and -9) and superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	291-307	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	197-224
11686853-3	2001	We tested the hypothesis that a short-term in vitro exposure to domoic acid, might lead to the activation of rat neonatal microglia and the concomitant release of the putative neurotoxic mediators tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), matrix metalloproteinases-2 and-9 (MMP-2 and -9) and superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	291-307	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	226-235
11686853-3	2001	We tested the hypothesis that a short-term in vitro exposure to domoic acid, might lead to the activation of rat neonatal microglia and the concomitant release of the putative neurotoxic mediators tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), matrix metalloproteinases-2 and-9 (MMP-2 and -9) and superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	309-311	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	197-224
11686853-3	2001	We tested the hypothesis that a short-term in vitro exposure to domoic acid, might lead to the activation of rat neonatal microglia and the concomitant release of the putative neurotoxic mediators tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), matrix metalloproteinases-2 and-9 (MMP-2 and -9) and superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	309-311	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	226-235
11269742-4	2001	DDP-induced C-MCLA was completely inhibited by the addition of the O2- scavenger, superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	67-69	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	82-102
11269742-4	2001	DDP-induced C-MCLA was completely inhibited by the addition of the O2- scavenger, superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	67-69	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	104-107
15256925-4	2001	On the other hand, a significant improvement in sperm parameter recovery was seen in the aliquot with both SOD and catalase supplementation; perhaps because of their combined and simultaneous action on superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	202-218	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	107-110
15256925-4	2001	On the other hand, a significant improvement in sperm parameter recovery was seen in the aliquot with both SOD and catalase supplementation; perhaps because of their combined and simultaneous action on superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	202-218	catalase	Homo sapiens	115-123
11993645-4	2001	While both the cytochrome c-immobilized monolayer and multilayer electrodes show anodic current responses to the generation of superoxide radical, the sensitivity of the multilayer system for the detection of superoxide radical was high relative to that of the monolayer system.	Superoxides	127-145	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	15-27
11993645-4	2001	While both the cytochrome c-immobilized monolayer and multilayer electrodes show anodic current responses to the generation of superoxide radical, the sensitivity of the multilayer system for the detection of superoxide radical was high relative to that of the monolayer system.	Superoxides	209-227	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	15-27
11993645-5	2001	In the case of the cytochrome c-multilayer electrodes, the generation of superoxide radical near the sensing element, cytochrome c, resulted in high sensitivity for the detection of superoxide.	Superoxides	73-91	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	19-31
11993645-5	2001	In the case of the cytochrome c-multilayer electrodes, the generation of superoxide radical near the sensing element, cytochrome c, resulted in high sensitivity for the detection of superoxide.	Superoxides	73-91	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	118-130
11993645-5	2001	In the case of the cytochrome c-multilayer electrodes, the generation of superoxide radical near the sensing element, cytochrome c, resulted in high sensitivity for the detection of superoxide.	Superoxides	73-83	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	19-31
11993645-5	2001	In the case of the cytochrome c-multilayer electrodes, the generation of superoxide radical near the sensing element, cytochrome c, resulted in high sensitivity for the detection of superoxide.	Superoxides	73-83	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	118-130
11824481-6	2001	Furthermore, endothelial oxidative response to stretch was matrix protein-dependent, whereas cells grown on fibronectin and collagen I produced significantly more superoxide.	Superoxides	163-173	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	108-119
11824481-9	2001	Strain-induced luciferase activity was blunted by coincubation with RGD peptides or calphostin C. Thus, exposure of endothelial cells to cyclic strain led to integrin activation of a PKC-sensitive pathway that results in increased superoxide anion production and mobilization of NFkappaB.	Superoxides	231-247	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	279-287
11022847-1	2000	The kinetics of O2*- reaction with semi-oxidized tryptophan radicals in lysozyme, Trp*(Lyz) have been investigated at various pHs and conformational states by pulse radiolysis.	Superoxides	16-18	lysozyme	Homo sapiens	87-90
11134891-6	2001	Moreover, pretreatment with cyclosporin A plus trifluoperazine, two mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) inhibitors, was capable of attenuating O(2)(*)(-)-mediated cytochrome c release and mitochondrial depolarization, and subsequently inhibiting apoptosis.	Superoxides	151-155	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	171-183
11962084-3	2001	Such effect of SIN-1 realized mainly by nitric oxide effect and, partially, superoxide radical.	Superoxides	76-94	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	15-20
11269002-6	2001	Similarly, enhanced superoxide anion generation in response to FMLP or phorbol myristate acetate before drainage was alleviated after drainage.	Superoxides	20-36	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	63-67
11168643-4	2001	Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-stimulated and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-induced superoxide formation was enhanced in peritoneal Mphi lacking TRAP; nitrite production in response to stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and IFN-gamma was also increased.	Superoxides	90-100	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	0-80
11168643-4	2001	Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-stimulated and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-induced superoxide formation was enhanced in peritoneal Mphi lacking TRAP; nitrite production in response to stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and IFN-gamma was also increased.	Superoxides	90-100	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	71-80
11208760-15	2001	Ang II-infused hypertensive rats showed doubled vascular superoxide production (assessed with lucigenin chemiluminescence), which was normalized by treatment with tempol (3 mmol/L, n=7).	Superoxides	57-67	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
11134248-10	2001	The p38-MAPK inhibitor (SB202190) and the ERK inhibitor (PD98059) diminished PR3-ANCA-mediated superoxide production dose dependently (11.6 +/- 1.7 nmol O(2)(-) to 1.9 +/- 0.6 with 50 microM SB202190 and 4.0 +/- 0.6 with 50 microM PD098059, respectively).	Superoxides	95-105	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	4-12
11134248-10	2001	The p38-MAPK inhibitor (SB202190) and the ERK inhibitor (PD98059) diminished PR3-ANCA-mediated superoxide production dose dependently (11.6 +/- 1.7 nmol O(2)(-) to 1.9 +/- 0.6 with 50 microM SB202190 and 4.0 +/- 0.6 with 50 microM PD098059, respectively).	Superoxides	95-105	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	42-45
11134248-10	2001	The p38-MAPK inhibitor (SB202190) and the ERK inhibitor (PD98059) diminished PR3-ANCA-mediated superoxide production dose dependently (11.6 +/- 1.7 nmol O(2)(-) to 1.9 +/- 0.6 with 50 microM SB202190 and 4.0 +/- 0.6 with 50 microM PD098059, respectively).	Superoxides	153-157	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	4-12
11134248-10	2001	The p38-MAPK inhibitor (SB202190) and the ERK inhibitor (PD98059) diminished PR3-ANCA-mediated superoxide production dose dependently (11.6 +/- 1.7 nmol O(2)(-) to 1.9 +/- 0.6 with 50 microM SB202190 and 4.0 +/- 0.6 with 50 microM PD098059, respectively).	Superoxides	153-157	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	42-45
11173977-6	2001	Lipid peroxidation and superoxide production correlate with the amount of cytochrome P450 2E1.	Superoxides	23-33	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily E member 1	Homo sapiens	74-93
11217146-1	2001	BACKGROUND: The antioxidant enzyme Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1) gene is localized to chromosome 21q22.1 and catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide anions to hydrogen peroxide, which may lead to the increased production of active oxygen species in Down Syndrome (DS), trisomy 21.	Superoxides	144-161	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	35-63
11217146-1	2001	BACKGROUND: The antioxidant enzyme Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1) gene is localized to chromosome 21q22.1 and catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide anions to hydrogen peroxide, which may lead to the increased production of active oxygen species in Down Syndrome (DS), trisomy 21.	Superoxides	144-161	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	65-69
11200073-8	2001	Generation of superoxide anion and release of elastase were suppressed in anti-PR3-pretreated neutrophils undergoing fMLP challenge.	Superoxides	14-30	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	117-121
11133247-1	2001	CYP2E1, induced in hepatocytes by heavy consumption of ethanol and certain other drugs, is a potent generator of superoxide, and is thereby thought to mediate the gravest aspects of alcoholic hepatotoxicity.	Superoxides	113-123	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily E member 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
11216837-4	2001	The maize NADH-dependent O2*--synthase activity could clearly be differentiated from peroxidase-mediated O2*--synthesizing activity by its insensitivity to cyanide and azide, as well as by its much higher affinity to O2.	Superoxides	25-28	peroxidase 1	Zea mays	85-95
11642716-8	2001	In conclusion, we assume that the insulin-induced increase in chemiluminescence of platelet-rich plasma was due to increased production of NO* and superoxide free radicals forming peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	147-157	insulin	Homo sapiens	34-41
11865975-4	2001	Compared to Neo control cells, BCL-2-expressing cells are more resistant to the killing and growth retardation induced by hydrogen peroxide, superoxide, or by the oxygen radical-generating quinone-containing compounds menadione, diaziquone and adriamycin.	Superoxides	141-151	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	31-36
11105318-4	2001	The addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD) resulted in a dramatic decrease of the ESR signal intensity of the superoxide radical adduct.	Superoxides	16-26	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	38-41
11007780-1	2000	The superoxide (O(2))-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes consists of a membrane-associated flavocytochrome (cytochrome b(559)) and four cytosolic proteins, p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (Rac1 or -2).	Superoxides	4-14	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	179-182
11007780-1	2000	The superoxide (O(2))-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes consists of a membrane-associated flavocytochrome (cytochrome b(559)) and four cytosolic proteins, p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (Rac1 or -2).	Superoxides	4-14	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	222-225
11007780-1	2000	The superoxide (O(2))-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes consists of a membrane-associated flavocytochrome (cytochrome b(559)) and four cytosolic proteins, p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (Rac1 or -2).	Superoxides	16-20	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	179-182
11007780-1	2000	The superoxide (O(2))-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes consists of a membrane-associated flavocytochrome (cytochrome b(559)) and four cytosolic proteins, p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (Rac1 or -2).	Superoxides	16-20	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	222-225
11118816-8	2000	Reconstitution experiments using transformed or nontransformed cells in conjunction with myeloperoxidase, HOCl, or an NO donor demonstrated that superoxide anions generated extracellularly by transformed cells participate in intercellular signalling and at the same time determine transformed cells as selective targets for intercellular induction of apoptosis.	Superoxides	145-162	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	89-104
11110778-4	2000	Therefore, we investigated the role of O(2)(-) anions generated by the NAD(P)H oxidase system on the Ang II activation of the JAK/STAT cascade and its impact on IL-6 synthesis.	Superoxides	39-44	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	101-107
11110778-5	2000	Ang II stimulation of rat aortic smooth muscle cells induced a rapid increase in O(2)(-) anions determined by laser fluoroscopy, which can be abolished by DPI, a flavoprotein inhibitor.	Superoxides	81-85	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
11110778-9	2000	These results suggest that stimulation of the JAK/STAT cascade by Ang II requires O(2)(-) anions generated by the NAD(P)H oxidase system, and O(2)(-) anion-dependent activation of the JAK/STAT cascade seems to be additionally involved in Ang II-induced IL-6 synthesis.	Superoxides	82-86	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	66-72
11110778-9	2000	These results suggest that stimulation of the JAK/STAT cascade by Ang II requires O(2)(-) anions generated by the NAD(P)H oxidase system, and O(2)(-) anion-dependent activation of the JAK/STAT cascade seems to be additionally involved in Ang II-induced IL-6 synthesis.	Superoxides	142-146	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	66-72
11110778-9	2000	These results suggest that stimulation of the JAK/STAT cascade by Ang II requires O(2)(-) anions generated by the NAD(P)H oxidase system, and O(2)(-) anion-dependent activation of the JAK/STAT cascade seems to be additionally involved in Ang II-induced IL-6 synthesis.	Superoxides	142-146	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	238-244
11110778-9	2000	These results suggest that stimulation of the JAK/STAT cascade by Ang II requires O(2)(-) anions generated by the NAD(P)H oxidase system, and O(2)(-) anion-dependent activation of the JAK/STAT cascade seems to be additionally involved in Ang II-induced IL-6 synthesis.	Superoxides	142-146	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	253-257
11110778-10	2000	Thus, Ang II-induced inflammatory effects seem to require O(2)(-) anions generated by the NAD(P)H oxidase system.	Superoxides	58-65	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	6-12
11117554-1	2000	Continuous subcutaneous administration of polyamine-modified catalase that has increased permeability at the blood-brain barrier showed both a highly significant delay in onset and an increase in survival in a transgenic mouse model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis having a point mutation in the gene encoding copper/zinc superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	332-342	catalase	Mus musculus	61-69
11209763-0	2000	Superoxide reactivates nitric oxide-inhibited catalase.	Superoxides	0-10	catalase	Homo sapiens	46-54
11209763-6	2000	Formation of peroxynitrite by the simultaneous generation of NO and O2- was only partially inhibited by ferricatalase, presumably due to slow binding of NO to catalase in comparison with the reaction of NO and O2-.	Superoxides	68-70	catalase	Homo sapiens	109-117
11209763-6	2000	Formation of peroxynitrite by the simultaneous generation of NO and O2- was only partially inhibited by ferricatalase, presumably due to slow binding of NO to catalase in comparison with the reaction of NO and O2-.	Superoxides	210-212	catalase	Homo sapiens	109-117
11090610-4	2000	Although rates of NO consumption in buffer were accelerated in the presence of a superoxide-generating system, subsequent addition of catalytic levels of a model peroxidase, MPO, to NO-containing solutions resulted in the rapid acceleration of NO consumption.	Superoxides	81-91	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	174-177
11086094-6	2000	The effect of the cyclopentenone 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-PGJ(2) on superoxide synthesis was dependent on p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activity, but was independent of the interaction with peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor gamma.	Superoxides	65-75	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	103-106
11132603-0	2000	Chronic inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis in rats increases aortic superoxide anion production via the action of angiotensin II.	Superoxides	70-86	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	116-130
11080209-10	2000	In cells that express HO-1, the association of reductase with HO-1 should competitively inhibit the interaction of reductase with cytochrome P450 isozymes and thereby limit free radical production as the latter two enzymes act cooperatively to produce superoxide.	Superoxides	252-262	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	22-26
11080209-10	2000	In cells that express HO-1, the association of reductase with HO-1 should competitively inhibit the interaction of reductase with cytochrome P450 isozymes and thereby limit free radical production as the latter two enzymes act cooperatively to produce superoxide.	Superoxides	252-262	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	62-66
11121130-0	2000	Suppressive effects of cyclosporin A and FK-506 on superoxide generation in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes primed by tumor necrosis factor alpha.	Superoxides	51-61	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	121-148
11200702-2	2000	Mutations in SOD1, the gene encoding a superoxide dismutase on chromosome 21, are indeed found in 20% of familial ALS patients, who constitute only 5 or 10% of all ALS patients.	Superoxides	39-49	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
19714405-2	2000	Mutations in SOD1, the gene encoding a superoxide dismutase on chromosome 21, are indeed found in 20% of familial ALS patients, who constitute only 5 or 10% of all ALS patients.	Superoxides	39-49	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
11114261-1	2000	Cytosolic Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is a ubiquitous small cytosolic metalloenzyme that catalyzes the conversion of superoxide anion to hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)).	Superoxides	123-139	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	38-42
11474120-2	2000	The transduction signalling mediated by IgG1 immune complexes are known to promote a concomitant production of superoxide and nitric oxide leading to the production of peroxynitrites and cell death by apoptosis.	Superoxides	111-121	immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 1 (G1m marker)	Mus musculus	40-44
11474120-3	2000	The Fc-mediated intracellular delivery of SOD1 thus limited the endogenous production of superoxide.	Superoxides	89-99	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	42-46
11474120-9	2000	The concomitant stimulation of the FcyR and the translocation of the SOD1 in the cytoplasm of IFN-gamma-activated macrophages not only reduced the production of superoxide anion but also induced the expression of the inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the related NO production.	Superoxides	161-177	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	69-73
11474120-9	2000	The concomitant stimulation of the FcyR and the translocation of the SOD1 in the cytoplasm of IFN-gamma-activated macrophages not only reduced the production of superoxide anion but also induced the expression of the inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the related NO production.	Superoxides	161-177	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	94-103
11474120-9	2000	The concomitant stimulation of the FcyR and the translocation of the SOD1 in the cytoplasm of IFN-gamma-activated macrophages not only reduced the production of superoxide anion but also induced the expression of the inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the related NO production.	Superoxides	161-177	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	258-262
11474120-12	2000	In this work, we propose that Fc-mediated intracellular delivery of the SOD1 that reduced the production of superoxide anion and of peroxynitrite, promoted a NO-induced protective effect in inducing the antioxidant armature of the cells.	Superoxides	108-124	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	72-76
11067938-3	2000	Here we report that exogenously administrated superoxide, generated by the hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase system (HXXO) or by the redox cycler 2, 3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphtoquinone, caused a marked amplification of IL-1beta-primed, steady state, MMP-9 mRNA level and an increase in gelatinolytic activity in the conditioned medium.	Superoxides	46-56	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	209-217
11045939-12	2000	Increased SOD-1 could contribute to the enhanced NO.-dependent dilation previously observed in EX porcine coronary arterioles by improving management of superoxide in the vascular cell environment, thus prolonging the biological half-life of NO.	Superoxides	153-163	superoxide dismutase 1	Sus scrofa	10-15
11045958-1	2000	Although NAD(P)H oxidase-derived superoxide (O(2)(-)) is increased during the development of angiotensin II (ANG II)-dependent hypertension, vascular regulation at the protein level has not been reported.	Superoxides	33-43	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	93-107
11045958-1	2000	Although NAD(P)H oxidase-derived superoxide (O(2)(-)) is increased during the development of angiotensin II (ANG II)-dependent hypertension, vascular regulation at the protein level has not been reported.	Superoxides	33-43	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	109-115
11045958-1	2000	Although NAD(P)H oxidase-derived superoxide (O(2)(-)) is increased during the development of angiotensin II (ANG II)-dependent hypertension, vascular regulation at the protein level has not been reported.	Superoxides	45-52	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	93-107
11045958-1	2000	Although NAD(P)H oxidase-derived superoxide (O(2)(-)) is increased during the development of angiotensin II (ANG II)-dependent hypertension, vascular regulation at the protein level has not been reported.	Superoxides	45-52	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	109-115
11045958-9	2000	Our results suggest that ANG II-induced increases in O(2)(-) are due to increased adventitial NAD(P)H oxidase activity, brought about by the heightened expression and interaction of its components.	Superoxides	53-57	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	25-31
11045980-6	2000	Bicarbonate enhanced the inactivation of purified mitochondrial aconitase in the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system, generating superoxide.	Superoxides	126-136	aconitase 2	Homo sapiens	50-73
11053225-0	2000	Endothelial nitric oxide synthase is a site of superoxide synthesis in endothelial cells treated with glyceryl trinitrate.	Superoxides	47-57	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	0-33
11114963-6	2000	RESULTS: In smokers before ibuprofen, monocyte adhesion to native and TNFalpha-stimulated HUVEC was increased (P &lt; 0001 and P &lt; 0.01, respectively), and so were O2- levels in native and PMA-stimulated monocytes (P &lt; 0.01 and P &lt; 0.001, respectively).	Superoxides	167-169	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	70-78
11106932-6	2000	iNOS produces an excessive amount of NO for long periods, which allows generation of a highly reactive nitrogen oxide species, peroxynitrite, via a radical coupling reaction of NO with superoxide.	Superoxides	185-195	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	0-4
11131300-10	2000	Functionally, up-regulation of PDE4 reduced the inhibition by prostaglandin E2 of zymosan-induced superoxide generation.	Superoxides	98-108	phosphodiesterase 4A	Homo sapiens	31-35
11065212-11	2000	These results suggest that EFS of SHR mesenteric arteries releases neurogenic NO, the metabolism of which is increased in the presence of ET-1 by the generation of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	164-181	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	138-142
11118808-3	2000	Superoxide is controlled by enzymes such as manganese- or copper-zinc-dependent superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD, CuZn-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and antioxidants derived from heme oxygenase (HO) activity such as biliverdin and bilirubin.	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	110-118
11073107-0	2000	C5a-stimulated human neutrophils use a subset of beta2 integrins to support the adhesion-dependent phase of superoxide production.	Superoxides	108-118	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
11073107-1	2000	Isolated human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) responded to human C5a with an immediate, transient release of superoxide lasting from 0.5 to 5 min.	Superoxides	114-124	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	70-73
11073107-2	2000	This was followed by a second release of superoxide, which began at 10 min after addition of C5a, was sustained for more than 30 min, and required ICAM-1 immobilized in the wells.	Superoxides	41-51	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	93-96
11073107-9	2000	Thus, PMN treated with C5a used signals via CR3, P150/95, and alphad/beta2, but not LFA-1, to support superoxide production.	Superoxides	102-112	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	23-26
11032887-1	2000	The activity of the superoxide-sensitive enzyme aconitase was monitored to evaluate the generation of superoxide in neuronal cell lines treated with beta-amyloid (Abeta) peptide 1-42.	Superoxides	20-30	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	163-168
11062295-10	2000	In vivo, significant superoxide scavenging by CuZn superoxide dismutase occurs within cellular compartments or through biochemical pathways that are not restricted to, and may be distinct from, neuronal NO/superoxide reaction and peroxynitrite synthesis.	Superoxides	21-31	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	46-71
11040403-2	2000	Under these conditions, a low, yet significant, spontaneous superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) production, matching with enhanced levels of basal adherence, was detected in FN-plated neutrophils of elderly donors.	Superoxides	60-76	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	165-167
11040403-2	2000	Under these conditions, a low, yet significant, spontaneous superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) production, matching with enhanced levels of basal adherence, was detected in FN-plated neutrophils of elderly donors.	Superoxides	78-83	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	165-167
11053782-5	2000	We also showed that the requirement for SOD in the previous NO&amp;z.rad; measurements appeared to be due to the high levels of exogenous superoxide production in their reaction system because of the presence of free FAD.	Superoxides	138-148	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	40-43
11068877-0	2000	Effect of a prolonged superoxide flux on transferrin and ferritin.	Superoxides	22-32	transferrin	Homo sapiens	41-52
11068877-5	2000	The reaction of ferritin and transferrin with a clean chemical source of superoxide, di(4-carboxybenzyl)hyponitrite (SOTS-1) was therefore investigated.	Superoxides	73-83	transferrin	Homo sapiens	29-40
10997917-11	2000	Folates, superoxide ions, and peroxynitrite scavengers restore the NO-generating activity to eNOS, collectively suggesting that cellular redox state plays an important role in HCy-suppressed NO-generating function of this enzyme.	Superoxides	9-19	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	93-97
11009441-0	2000	IL-10 deficiency increases superoxide and endothelial dysfunction during inflammation.	Superoxides	27-37	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	0-5
11009441-9	2000	Results using confocal microscopy and hydroethidine indicated that levels of superoxide are elevated in carotid arteries from IL-10 -/- mice compared with IL-10 +/+ mice after LPS injection.	Superoxides	77-87	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	126-131
11009441-11	2000	These data provide direct evidence that IL-10 protects endothelial function after an acute inflammatory stimulus by limiting local increases in superoxide.	Superoxides	144-154	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	40-45
11229371-4	2000	On the other hand, Kupffer cell-derived oxidants, such as superoxide, may play a role in initiating tumor nerosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production that leads to hepatocyte proliferation.	Superoxides	58-68	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	128-137
11037884-3	2000	The cells were added to wells coated with C1q, and the production of O2- was monitored kinetically as a color change due to reduction of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	69-71	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	137-149
11030714-0	2000	Differential role of angiotensin II receptor subtypes on endothelial superoxide formation.	Superoxides	69-79	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	21-35
11030714-3	2000	In quiescent human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) superoxide formation was measured after long-term incubation (6 h) with angiotensin II in the presence or absence of its receptor blocker candesartan (AT1) or PD123319 (AT2) using the cytochrome c assay.	Superoxides	60-70	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	132-146
11030714-5	2000	The basal superoxide formation (0.19+/-0.03 nmol superoxide mg protein(-1) min(-1)) in HUVEC was increased by 37.1% after exposure to angiotensin II (100 nM,) which was due to an activation of a NAD(P)H oxidase.	Superoxides	10-20	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	134-148
11030714-5	2000	The basal superoxide formation (0.19+/-0.03 nmol superoxide mg protein(-1) min(-1)) in HUVEC was increased by 37.1% after exposure to angiotensin II (100 nM,) which was due to an activation of a NAD(P)H oxidase.	Superoxides	49-59	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	134-148
11080612-9	2000	Tissue damage mediated by neutrophils can be initiated by complement fragments, notably C5a, which are potent stimulators of neutrophil superoxide production and adherence to coronary artery endothelium.	Superoxides	136-146	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	88-91
11022847-7	2000	The well-established long range intramolecular electron transfer from Tyr residues to Trp radicals--leading to the repair of the semi-oxidized Trp*(Lyz) and formation of the tyrosyl phenoxyl radical is inhibited by the Trp*(Lyz) + O2*- reaction, as is most of the Trp*(Lyz) + Trp*(Lyz) reaction.	Superoxides	231-233	lysozyme	Homo sapiens	148-151
11022847-7	2000	The well-established long range intramolecular electron transfer from Tyr residues to Trp radicals--leading to the repair of the semi-oxidized Trp*(Lyz) and formation of the tyrosyl phenoxyl radical is inhibited by the Trp*(Lyz) + O2*- reaction, as is most of the Trp*(Lyz) + Trp*(Lyz) reaction.	Superoxides	231-233	lysozyme	Homo sapiens	224-227
11022847-7	2000	The well-established long range intramolecular electron transfer from Tyr residues to Trp radicals--leading to the repair of the semi-oxidized Trp*(Lyz) and formation of the tyrosyl phenoxyl radical is inhibited by the Trp*(Lyz) + O2*- reaction, as is most of the Trp*(Lyz) + Trp*(Lyz) reaction.	Superoxides	231-233	lysozyme	Homo sapiens	224-227
11022847-7	2000	The well-established long range intramolecular electron transfer from Tyr residues to Trp radicals--leading to the repair of the semi-oxidized Trp*(Lyz) and formation of the tyrosyl phenoxyl radical is inhibited by the Trp*(Lyz) + O2*- reaction, as is most of the Trp*(Lyz) + Trp*(Lyz) reaction.	Superoxides	231-233	lysozyme	Homo sapiens	224-227
11052778-0	2000	Decreased superoxide anion production in cultured human promonocyte cells (THP-1) due to polyphenol mixtures from olive oil processing wastewaters.	Superoxides	10-26	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	75-80
11052778-1	2000	The purpose of this study was to examine whether human monocytic line THP-1 after differentiation into adherent macrophages, taken as a model of human macrophages implicated in atheroma, is able to produce lower quantities of O(2)(*)(-) either in the presence of polyphenol-rich olive oil wastewater (OWW) fractions or after OWW preincubation and withdrawal from the medium.	Superoxides	226-230	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	70-75
11034409-4	2000	In addition to PAF, the fMLP- and extracellular ATP-induced superoxide productions were inhibited by capsaicin, whereas PMA-induced superoxide production was not affected.	Superoxides	60-70	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	24-28
11034401-4	2000	Isolated alveolar macrophages from SP-A-/- mice generated significantly less, whereas those from SP-D-/- mice generated significantly greater superoxide and hydrogen peroxide compared with wild-type alveolar macrophages.	Superoxides	142-152	surfactant associated protein D	Mus musculus	97-101
11041881-0	2000	Ozone-sensitive arabidopsis rcd1 mutant reveals opposite roles for ethylene and jasmonate signaling pathways in regulating superoxide-dependent cell death.	Superoxides	123-133	WWE protein-protein interaction domain protein family	Arabidopsis thaliana	28-32
11041881-1	2000	We have isolated a codominant Arabidopsis mutant, radical-induced cell death1 (rcd1), in which ozone (O(3)) and extracellular superoxide (O(2)(*)-), but not hydrogen peroxide, induce cellular O(2)(*)- accumulation and transient spreading lesions.	Superoxides	126-136	WWE protein-protein interaction domain protein family	Arabidopsis thaliana	79-83
11041881-1	2000	We have isolated a codominant Arabidopsis mutant, radical-induced cell death1 (rcd1), in which ozone (O(3)) and extracellular superoxide (O(2)(*)-), but not hydrogen peroxide, induce cellular O(2)(*)- accumulation and transient spreading lesions.	Superoxides	138-142	WWE protein-protein interaction domain protein family	Arabidopsis thaliana	79-83
11041881-1	2000	We have isolated a codominant Arabidopsis mutant, radical-induced cell death1 (rcd1), in which ozone (O(3)) and extracellular superoxide (O(2)(*)-), but not hydrogen peroxide, induce cellular O(2)(*)- accumulation and transient spreading lesions.	Superoxides	192-196	WWE protein-protein interaction domain protein family	Arabidopsis thaliana	79-83
11014196-1	2000	Superoxide dismutases (SOD) are essential enzymes that eliminate superoxide radical (O2-) and thus protect cells from damage induced by free radicals.	Superoxides	65-83	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-21
11014196-1	2000	Superoxide dismutases (SOD) are essential enzymes that eliminate superoxide radical (O2-) and thus protect cells from damage induced by free radicals.	Superoxides	65-83	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	23-26
11014196-1	2000	Superoxide dismutases (SOD) are essential enzymes that eliminate superoxide radical (O2-) and thus protect cells from damage induced by free radicals.	Superoxides	85-87	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-21
11014196-1	2000	Superoxide dismutases (SOD) are essential enzymes that eliminate superoxide radical (O2-) and thus protect cells from damage induced by free radicals.	Superoxides	85-87	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	23-26
11014196-2	2000	The active O2- production and low SOD activity in cancer cells may render the malignant cells highly dependent on SOD for survival and sensitive to inhibition of SOD.	Superoxides	11-13	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	114-117
11014196-2	2000	The active O2- production and low SOD activity in cancer cells may render the malignant cells highly dependent on SOD for survival and sensitive to inhibition of SOD.	Superoxides	11-13	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	114-117
11014196-5	2000	Inhibition of SOD causes accumulation of cellular O2- and leads to free-radical-mediated damage to mitochondrial membranes, the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria and apoptosis of the cancer cells.	Superoxides	50-52	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	14-17
11016629-5	2000	NO and superoxide (O2-) generation was induced by a combination of lipopolysaccharide and IFN-gamma in mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells, and by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in differentiated human promyelocyte HL-60, respectively.	Superoxides	7-17	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	90-99
11016629-5	2000	NO and superoxide (O2-) generation was induced by a combination of lipopolysaccharide and IFN-gamma in mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells, and by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in differentiated human promyelocyte HL-60, respectively.	Superoxides	19-21	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	90-99
10975852-11	2000	By contrast, selectively cross-linking uPA-occupied uPAR was capable of directly inducing superoxide release as well as enhancing FMLP-stimulated superoxide release.	Superoxides	90-100	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	39-42
10975852-11	2000	By contrast, selectively cross-linking uPA-occupied uPAR was capable of directly inducing superoxide release as well as enhancing FMLP-stimulated superoxide release.	Superoxides	146-156	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	39-42
10973620-5	2000	N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP)-induced O(2)(-) production was not influenced by Y-27632, but was inhibited by wortmannin.	Superoxides	36-40	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
10973620-5	2000	N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP)-induced O(2)(-) production was not influenced by Y-27632, but was inhibited by wortmannin.	Superoxides	36-40	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	22-26
10961859-5	2000	The cloned cDNA was then introduced into normal bone marrow cells through retrovirus vectors, and neutrophils expressing this mutant exhibited decreased cell movement and production of superoxide in response to fMLP.	Superoxides	185-195	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	211-215
10960065-0	2000	Inducible nitric oxide synthase-derived superoxide contributes to hypereactivity in small mesenteric arteries from a rat model of chronic heart failure.	Superoxides	40-50	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-31
10960065-1	2000	The aims of this study were to (a) determine whether inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is expressed in small mesenteric arteries from rats with chronic heart failure (CHF), (b) investigate the functional significance of this potential source of nitric oxide (NO) on vascular responsiveness and (c) investigate the role that superoxide plays in modulating vascular function in these arteries.	Superoxides	329-339	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	86-90
10960065-12	2000	However, instead of generating large quantities of NO, iNOS appears to be generating superoxide, perhaps because of a deficiency in its substrate, L-arginine.	Superoxides	85-95	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	55-59
10960065-13	2000	Increased superoxide generation from iNOS contributes to the hyperesponsive nature of endothelium-intact small mesenteric arteries from rats with CHF.	Superoxides	10-20	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	37-41
11020665-1	2000	The rate of formation of superoxide measured by its reduction of tetranitromethane (TNM) and by its reduction of ferric cytochrome c (Fe(III) cc) are in excellent agreement when the superoxide is generated from a simple chemical precursor.	Superoxides	25-35	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	120-132
11020665-1	2000	The rate of formation of superoxide measured by its reduction of tetranitromethane (TNM) and by its reduction of ferric cytochrome c (Fe(III) cc) are in excellent agreement when the superoxide is generated from a simple chemical precursor.	Superoxides	182-192	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	120-132
10954569-12	2000	The finding that AACOCF(3) and SOD significantly block activation of NF-kappaB suggests that this activation is derived from the AA-superoxide anion pathway.	Superoxides	132-148	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	31-34
10985916-5	2000	The low Zn levels result in deficient CuZnSuperoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), which in turn leads to increased levels of superoxide.	Superoxides	117-127	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	38-62
10985916-5	2000	The low Zn levels result in deficient CuZnSuperoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), which in turn leads to increased levels of superoxide.	Superoxides	117-127	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	64-71
11022893-8	2000	However, there are a number of pathophysiologic conditions where Ang II interacts with various local autocrine and paracrine factors (such as nitric oxide [NO], eicosanoids, adenosine, and superoxide) to influence glomerular filtration rate.	Superoxides	189-199	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	65-71
10833511-4	2000	We now show that superoxide can inhibit endothelin-converting enzyme activity (ECE) and decrease endothelin-1 synthesis.	Superoxides	17-27	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	97-109
10926207-0	2000	IFN-gamma enhances osteoclast generation in cultures of peripheral blood from osteopetrotic patients and normalizes superoxide production.	Superoxides	116-126	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-9
10961653-2	2000	Approximately 20% of the inherited autosomal dominant cases are due to mutations within the gene coding for Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), a cytosolic homodimeric enzyme that catalyzes the dismutation of toxic superoxide anion.	Superoxides	216-232	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	138-142
10924079-0	2000	Role of superoxide in hemorrhagic shock-induced P-selectin expression.	Superoxides	8-18	selectin, platelet	Mus musculus	48-58
10924079-7	2000	These results implicate superoxide, derived from both xanthine oxidase and NADPH oxidase, as mediators of the increased P-selectin expression observed in different regional vascular beds exposed to hemorrhage and retransfusion.	Superoxides	24-34	selectin, platelet	Mus musculus	120-130
10934088-6	2000	Superoxide production was measured as superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	84-96
10934109-7	2000	These results suggest that: (1) RNS may be involved in the pathobiology of the airway inflammatory and obstructive process in COPD; and (2) NO produced in the airways, presumably via iNOS, is consumed by its reaction with superoxide anion and/or peroxidase-dependent mechanisms.	Superoxides	222-238	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	183-187
11035262-2	2000	Previous studies showed that the loss of cyt c triggered superoxide production by mitochondria and contributed to the oxidation of cellular thiol-disulfide redox state.	Superoxides	57-67	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	41-46
10900176-0	2000	NF- kappa B independent suppression of endothelial vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 gene expression by inhibition of flavin binding proteins and superoxide production.	Superoxides	184-194	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	0-11
10900176-0	2000	NF- kappa B independent suppression of endothelial vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 gene expression by inhibition of flavin binding proteins and superoxide production.	Superoxides	184-194	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	51-84
10900176-4	2000	Treatment of HAECs by tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF- alpha, 100 U/ml) for 1 h induced a 31% increase in O(2)(-)production within 5 min as determined by lucigenin chemiluminescence analysis of whole cells (n=4, P&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	108-112	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	22-50
10900176-4	2000	Treatment of HAECs by tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF- alpha, 100 U/ml) for 1 h induced a 31% increase in O(2)(-)production within 5 min as determined by lucigenin chemiluminescence analysis of whole cells (n=4, P&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	108-112	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	52-62
10917953-2	2000	METHODS: CGS 32359 (0.16-16 micromol/L) dose-dependently inhibited superoxide production by human C5a-activated porcine neutrophils (18 +/- 3.7 vs 1.6 +/- 0.5 nmol/5 min/5 x 10(6) neutrophils; P &lt;.05) and reduced neutrophil adherence to coronary endothelium from 194 +/- 9 to 43 +/- 6 neutrophils/mm(2) (P &lt;.05).	Superoxides	67-77	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	98-101
10944420-7	2000	IFN-gamma increased superoxide and thiol productions in both types of macrophages.	Superoxides	20-30	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	0-9
10944420-8	2000	We conclude that IFN-gamma promotes macrophage-mediated LDL oxidation by stimulating superoxide and thiol production under conditions where iNOS-catalyzed NO release is restricted.	Superoxides	85-95	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	17-26
10944918-5	2000	It has been investigated that the metabolic disorders associated with obesity enhance the superoxide production in the arterial walls through the insulin resistance.	Superoxides	90-100	insulin	Homo sapiens	146-153
10967199-3	2000	Angiotensin II stimulates a NAD(P)H oxidase to produce superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, both of which may act on intracellular growth-related proteins and enzymes to mediate the final physiological response.	Superoxides	55-65	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
10891334-7	2000	Low levels of heme degradation in the presence of superoxide and catalase are attributed to a reaction involving the superoxide produced during autoxidation.	Superoxides	117-127	catalase	Homo sapiens	65-73
10873158-3	2000	Both nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB and enhanced kappaB-dependent transcription induced by V(IV) were inhibited by overexpression of catalase, but not Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD), indicating that peroxides rather than superoxides initiated signaling.	Superoxides	233-244	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	30-39
10873158-3	2000	Both nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB and enhanced kappaB-dependent transcription induced by V(IV) were inhibited by overexpression of catalase, but not Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD), indicating that peroxides rather than superoxides initiated signaling.	Superoxides	233-244	catalase	Homo sapiens	137-145
10873967-5	2000	Superoxide anion production (respiratory burst) was determined by lucigenin enhanced chemiluminescence (LUCL); secondary granule lactoferrin release by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); and CD11b, CD18, and CD62L expression by flow cytometric analysis.	Superoxides	0-16	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	206-210
10926207-10	2000	IFN-gamma markedly increased (p &lt; 0.0001) superoxide production.	Superoxides	45-55	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-9
10886557-13	2000	CONCLUSION: Elevated levels of TGF-beta1 derived from glomerular or extraglomerular sources are capable of increasing glomerular Palb via superoxide and hydroxyl radicals and may lead to proteinuria in vivo.	Superoxides	138-148	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	31-40
10860831-0	2000	Plant rac proteins induce superoxide production in mammalian cells.	Superoxides	26-36	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	6-9
10871652-7	2000	In other words, Cu,Zn-SOD may contribute to the maintenance of pregnancy by preventing the accumulation of superoxide radicals that cause PGF(2alpha) synthesis.	Superoxides	107-117	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
10764736-0	2000	The small G-protein Rac mediates depolarization-induced superoxide formation in human endothelial cells.	Superoxides	56-66	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	20-23
10764736-7	2000	Accordingly, the Rac inhibitor Clostridium difficile toxin B blocked the effects of depolarization on superoxide formation.	Superoxides	102-112	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	17-20
10764736-9	2000	It is concluded that depolarization is an important stimulus of endothelial superoxide production, which involves a tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent translocation of the small G-protein Rac.	Superoxides	76-86	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	188-191
10860831-2	2000	In mammalian cells, Rac induces the activation of NADPH oxidase leading to superoxide production.	Superoxides	75-85	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	20-23
10860831-5	2000	We hypothesized that these plant Rac proteins could function as their mammalian counterpart and activate an enzymatic complex that leads to superoxide production.	Superoxides	140-150	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	33-36
10860831-6	2000	Here, we show that like human Rac1, activated Zea mays Rac genes can induce superoxide production, when expressed in a mammalian system: NIH 3T3 cells.	Superoxides	76-86	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	30-33
10861792-5	2000	Our results indicate that exposure of pial and cerebral vasculature to IL-1 beta significantly accelerates recruitment of neutrophils, reduces cerebral blood flow, and increases superoxide anion concentration at the pial surface during reperfusion.	Superoxides	178-194	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	71-80
10861792-6	2000	These results support the idea that prior exposure of brain vasculature to IL-1 beta results in acceleration of cerebrovascular injury by accelerating recruitment of neutrophils, which secrete superoxide anion, during reperfusion.	Superoxides	193-209	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	75-84
10859217-8	2000	These findings suggest that superoxide and TNF-alpha mediate gut I/R-induced E-selectin expression via an NF-kappaB-dependent mechanism; this upregulation of E-selectin contributes significantly to I/R-induced neutrophil recruitment.	Superoxides	28-38	selectin, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	77-87
10747895-2	2000	Purified endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (eNOS) can generate superoxide (O(2)) under special conditions but is only known to participate in cell signaling through NO.	Superoxides	63-73	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	9-42
10747895-2	2000	Purified endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (eNOS) can generate superoxide (O(2)) under special conditions but is only known to participate in cell signaling through NO.	Superoxides	63-73	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	44-48
10747895-2	2000	Purified endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (eNOS) can generate superoxide (O(2)) under special conditions but is only known to participate in cell signaling through NO.	Superoxides	75-79	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	9-42
10747895-2	2000	Purified endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (eNOS) can generate superoxide (O(2)) under special conditions but is only known to participate in cell signaling through NO.	Superoxides	75-79	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	44-48
10747895-3	2000	Here we show that eNOS regulates tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) through a mechanism dependent on the production of O(2) and completely independent of NO.	Superoxides	123-127	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	18-22
10747895-3	2000	Here we show that eNOS regulates tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) through a mechanism dependent on the production of O(2) and completely independent of NO.	Superoxides	123-127	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	33-60
10747895-3	2000	Here we show that eNOS regulates tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) through a mechanism dependent on the production of O(2) and completely independent of NO.	Superoxides	123-127	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	62-70
10747895-7	2000	Similar to the effect of eNOS, a O(2) donor dose-dependently increased TNFalpha production in differentiated U937 cells.	Superoxides	33-37	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	25-29
10747895-7	2000	Similar to the effect of eNOS, a O(2) donor dose-dependently increased TNFalpha production in differentiated U937 cells.	Superoxides	33-37	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	71-79
10747895-8	2000	In contrast, cotransfection of superoxide dismutase with eNOS prevented TNFalpha up-regulation, as did partial deletion of the eNOS NADPH binding site, a mutation associated with loss of O(2) production.	Superoxides	187-191	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	57-61
10747895-8	2000	In contrast, cotransfection of superoxide dismutase with eNOS prevented TNFalpha up-regulation, as did partial deletion of the eNOS NADPH binding site, a mutation associated with loss of O(2) production.	Superoxides	187-191	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	127-131
10747895-9	2000	Thus, eNOS may straddle a bifurcating pathway that can lead to the formation of either NO or O(2), interrelated but often opposing free radical messengers.	Superoxides	93-97	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	6-10
10859217-8	2000	These findings suggest that superoxide and TNF-alpha mediate gut I/R-induced E-selectin expression via an NF-kappaB-dependent mechanism; this upregulation of E-selectin contributes significantly to I/R-induced neutrophil recruitment.	Superoxides	28-38	selectin, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	158-168
10930123-2	2000	Pyrogallol, a O2 generator and precursor of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), had potent cytotoxic effects on the endothelial cells, but this effect was completely abolished by SOD/CAT.	Superoxides	14-16	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	169-172
10828042-3	2000	The patients" phagocytes have been shown previously to greatly increase superoxide release in response to interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in vitro and in vivo.	Superoxides	72-82	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	106-122
10828042-3	2000	The patients" phagocytes have been shown previously to greatly increase superoxide release in response to interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in vitro and in vivo.	Superoxides	72-82	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	124-133
10834943-8	2000	In the presence of ultra-low [O(2)(*-)](steady state), the oxidized form of SOD [Cu(II),Zn-SOD] or SOD mimic (oxo-ammonium cation) does not react with O(2)(*-) but rather oxidizes the target molecule that it was supposed to have protected.	Superoxides	30-34	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	76-79
10834943-8	2000	In the presence of ultra-low [O(2)(*-)](steady state), the oxidized form of SOD [Cu(II),Zn-SOD] or SOD mimic (oxo-ammonium cation) does not react with O(2)(*-) but rather oxidizes the target molecule that it was supposed to have protected.	Superoxides	151-155	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	76-79
10930123-2	2000	Pyrogallol, a O2 generator and precursor of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), had potent cytotoxic effects on the endothelial cells, but this effect was completely abolished by SOD/CAT.	Superoxides	14-16	catalase	Homo sapiens	173-176
10930123-4	2000	The cytotoxic effect of 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1), which is thought to form peroxynitrite (ONOO-) as a simultaneous O2- and NO generator, was completely blocked by SOD/CAT or Hb.	Superoxides	122-124	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	49-54
10930123-4	2000	The cytotoxic effect of 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1), which is thought to form peroxynitrite (ONOO-) as a simultaneous O2- and NO generator, was completely blocked by SOD/CAT or Hb.	Superoxides	122-124	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	170-173
10677615-3	2000	Mitochondria play a pivotal role in controlling apoptosis by releasing cytochrome c and modulating redox state, both under the regulation of manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn SOD) via superoxide anion detoxification.	Superoxides	185-201	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	141-171
10867503-7	2000	Eosinophil superoxide production stimulated with sIgA was abolished by anti-CD18 mAb, suggesting that beta2 integrins might be crucial for this reaction.	Superoxides	11-21	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	76-80
10792615-2	2000	We have shown that under hyperglycemic conditions, cultured proximal tubular cells express cytochrome P450 2E1, which is capable of producing superoxide (O2.).	Superoxides	142-152	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily E member 1	Homo sapiens	91-110
10792615-2	2000	We have shown that under hyperglycemic conditions, cultured proximal tubular cells express cytochrome P450 2E1, which is capable of producing superoxide (O2.).	Superoxides	154-156	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily E member 1	Homo sapiens	91-110
10905626-4	2000	One such gene is cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), an inducible prostaglandin and superoxide producing enzyme.	Superoxides	74-84	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	17-33
10905626-4	2000	One such gene is cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), an inducible prostaglandin and superoxide producing enzyme.	Superoxides	74-84	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	35-40
10921280-6	2000	Acute exposure to cigarette smoke initiates a superoxide-dependent mechanism that, through NF-kappa B activation and IL-8 expression, induces infiltration of neutrophils into the airways in vivo.	Superoxides	46-56	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	91-101
10921280-6	2000	Acute exposure to cigarette smoke initiates a superoxide-dependent mechanism that, through NF-kappa B activation and IL-8 expression, induces infiltration of neutrophils into the airways in vivo.	Superoxides	46-56	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	117-121
10823274-1	2000	The 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) generates both nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	73-89	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	29-34
10823274-1	2000	The 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) generates both nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	91-94	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	29-34
10823274-6	2000	In vitro studies were used as an approach to investigate how simultaneous productions of NO and O2- from SIN-1 modify thrombin- or thapsigargin-induced platelet Ca2+ mobilization.	Superoxides	96-98	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	105-110
10823274-6	2000	In vitro studies were used as an approach to investigate how simultaneous productions of NO and O2- from SIN-1 modify thrombin- or thapsigargin-induced platelet Ca2+ mobilization.	Superoxides	96-98	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	118-126
10823274-8	2000	This suggests that the effects of SIN-1 on platelet Ca2+ handling resemble those of NO, but are modulated by simultaneous O2- release, independently of H2O2 formation.	Superoxides	122-124	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	34-39
10928547-8	2000	Glycolate oxidase was also inactivated in the presence of a superoxide-generating system or by H2O2 in darkness.	Superoxides	60-70	hydroxyacid oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	0-17
10777562-0	2000	Selective involvement of superoxide anion, but not downstream compounds hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite, in tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced apoptosis of rat mesangial cells.	Superoxides	25-41	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	112-139
10777562-3	2000	In this report, we investigated the roles of superoxide anion (O-(2)), hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), and peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) in TNF-alpha-triggered apoptosis of mesangial cells.	Superoxides	45-61	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	132-141
10758162-5	2000	Addition of recombinant Rac to extracts of the patient neutrophils reconstituted O(2)(-) production in an in vitro assay system.	Superoxides	81-88	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	24-27
10758162-8	2000	Rac2(D57N) binds GDP but not GTP and inhibits oxidase activation and O(2)(-) production in vitro.	Superoxides	69-76	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
10692566-2	2000	When we assessed the effects of carvedilol on PMN responses in vitro, we observed that carvedilol dose dependently modulated generation of superoxide ions by NADPH oxidase when induced by the formylpeptide formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) or the phorbol ester phorbol myristate acetate.	Superoxides	139-149	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	245-249
10889449-5	2000	Taken together, these observations suggest that the induction of MnSOD expression by TNF-alpha is at least partially mediated by intracellular formation of oxygen free radicals, and that superoxide is most likely the initiating species involved in the mediation of MnSOD gene expression by TNF-alpha.	Superoxides	187-197	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	290-299
10762155-1	2000	The pathogenesis of neuronal cell death as a consequence of mutations in copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) associated with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis may involve oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction.	Superoxides	85-95	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	107-111
10768726-6	2000	Of the cytokines tested, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha was found to activate superoxide release in gingival fibroblasts.	Superoxides	81-91	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	25-58
10770281-4	2000	CRP inhibited phorbol myristate acetate-induced superoxide (O2-) production more efficiently than the fMLP-triggered response.	Superoxides	48-58	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	0-3
10770281-4	2000	CRP inhibited phorbol myristate acetate-induced superoxide (O2-) production more efficiently than the fMLP-triggered response.	Superoxides	60-63	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	0-3
10770281-8	2000	CRP-mediated regulation occurs via the CRP-R because an IgM mouse mAb to the human CRP-R mimicked CRP-induced inhibition of O2- production and chemotaxis.	Superoxides	124-126	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	39-42
10770281-8	2000	CRP-mediated regulation occurs via the CRP-R because an IgM mouse mAb to the human CRP-R mimicked CRP-induced inhibition of O2- production and chemotaxis.	Superoxides	124-126	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	39-42
10770281-8	2000	CRP-mediated regulation occurs via the CRP-R because an IgM mouse mAb to the human CRP-R mimicked CRP-induced inhibition of O2- production and chemotaxis.	Superoxides	124-126	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	39-42
10985929-0	2000	The link between met-enkephalin-induced down-regulation of APN activity and the release of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	91-107	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	17-31
12140598-2	2000	Activation of neutrophils leads to increased production of oxygen radicals(mainly superoxide)and hydrogen peroxide production.To date there is general agreement that measurement of superoxide production by neutrophils is a reliable way of determining neutrophil function and its activation.Thirty one patients with acute alcoholic hepatitis, twenty with compensated alcoholic liver disease end seventeen controls were studied.Patients with alcoholic hepatitis and alcoholic liver disease were enrolled on admission to the hospital and if they had no features of infection, bleeding or renal failure.The neutrophil stimuli used were opsonized zymosan and fMLP.The production of superoxide was similar in the three groups when neutrophils were not stimulated.After stimulation with opsonized zymosan,there was an increase in the production of superoxide from patients with acute alcoholic hepatitis in comparison to those with alcoholic liver disease and controls.	Superoxides	181-191	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	654-658
12140598-2	2000	Activation of neutrophils leads to increased production of oxygen radicals(mainly superoxide)and hydrogen peroxide production.To date there is general agreement that measurement of superoxide production by neutrophils is a reliable way of determining neutrophil function and its activation.Thirty one patients with acute alcoholic hepatitis, twenty with compensated alcoholic liver disease end seventeen controls were studied.Patients with alcoholic hepatitis and alcoholic liver disease were enrolled on admission to the hospital and if they had no features of infection, bleeding or renal failure.The neutrophil stimuli used were opsonized zymosan and fMLP.The production of superoxide was similar in the three groups when neutrophils were not stimulated.After stimulation with opsonized zymosan,there was an increase in the production of superoxide from patients with acute alcoholic hepatitis in comparison to those with alcoholic liver disease and controls.	Superoxides	181-191	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	654-658
12140598-2	2000	Activation of neutrophils leads to increased production of oxygen radicals(mainly superoxide)and hydrogen peroxide production.To date there is general agreement that measurement of superoxide production by neutrophils is a reliable way of determining neutrophil function and its activation.Thirty one patients with acute alcoholic hepatitis, twenty with compensated alcoholic liver disease end seventeen controls were studied.Patients with alcoholic hepatitis and alcoholic liver disease were enrolled on admission to the hospital and if they had no features of infection, bleeding or renal failure.The neutrophil stimuli used were opsonized zymosan and fMLP.The production of superoxide was similar in the three groups when neutrophils were not stimulated.After stimulation with opsonized zymosan,there was an increase in the production of superoxide from patients with acute alcoholic hepatitis in comparison to those with alcoholic liver disease and controls.	Superoxides	181-191	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	654-658
10706888-1	2000	Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is an inherited disease caused by defects in the superoxide-generating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase of phagocytes.	Superoxides	85-95	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	107-166
10802230-1	2000	The release of superoxide (O(2)(*-)) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), has been studied in the endothelial cell line ECV 304 in the presence and absence of selenium (Se) supplementation.	Superoxides	15-25	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	82-109
10802230-1	2000	The release of superoxide (O(2)(*-)) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), has been studied in the endothelial cell line ECV 304 in the presence and absence of selenium (Se) supplementation.	Superoxides	15-25	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	111-120
10802230-1	2000	The release of superoxide (O(2)(*-)) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), has been studied in the endothelial cell line ECV 304 in the presence and absence of selenium (Se) supplementation.	Superoxides	15-25	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	125-142
10802230-1	2000	The release of superoxide (O(2)(*-)) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), has been studied in the endothelial cell line ECV 304 in the presence and absence of selenium (Se) supplementation.	Superoxides	15-25	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	144-152
10802230-1	2000	The release of superoxide (O(2)(*-)) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), has been studied in the endothelial cell line ECV 304 in the presence and absence of selenium (Se) supplementation.	Superoxides	27-31	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	82-109
10802230-1	2000	The release of superoxide (O(2)(*-)) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), has been studied in the endothelial cell line ECV 304 in the presence and absence of selenium (Se) supplementation.	Superoxides	27-31	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	111-120
10802230-1	2000	The release of superoxide (O(2)(*-)) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), has been studied in the endothelial cell line ECV 304 in the presence and absence of selenium (Se) supplementation.	Superoxides	27-31	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	125-142
10802230-1	2000	The release of superoxide (O(2)(*-)) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), has been studied in the endothelial cell line ECV 304 in the presence and absence of selenium (Se) supplementation.	Superoxides	27-31	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	144-152
10702229-8	2000	The N-hydroxylamines appear to be effective through mitochondria; they delay age-dependent changes in mitochondria as measured by accumulation of rhodamine-123, they prevent reduction of cytochrome C(FeIII) by superoxide radical, and they reverse an age-dependent decay of mitochondrial aconitase, suggesting they react with the superoxide radical.	Superoxides	210-228	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	187-199
10712391-1	2000	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is a major superoxide scavenger and may be important to normal vascular function and cardiovascular health.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-42
10660121-6	2000	Although SIN-1 generates both NO and superoxide radical thereby forming peroxynitrite (ONOO-), this donor had no appreciable effect on cellular ATP levels, even in the presence of superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	37-55	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	9-14
10702213-0	2000	Superoxide enhances interleukin 1beta-mediated transcription of the hepatocyte-inducible nitric oxide synthase gene.	Superoxides	0-10	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	20-37
10702213-0	2000	Superoxide enhances interleukin 1beta-mediated transcription of the hepatocyte-inducible nitric oxide synthase gene.	Superoxides	0-10	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	79-110
10702213-2	2000	In interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta)-treated rat hepatocytes, we have previously demonstrated that inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein expression, steady-state iNOS messenger RNA (mRNA) levels, and NO synthesis are increased by oxidative stress induced by superoxide.	Superoxides	262-272	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	22-30
10702213-2	2000	In interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta)-treated rat hepatocytes, we have previously demonstrated that inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein expression, steady-state iNOS messenger RNA (mRNA) levels, and NO synthesis are increased by oxidative stress induced by superoxide.	Superoxides	262-272	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	94-125
10702213-12	2000	CONCLUSIONS: An ARE in the rat hepatocyte iNOS promoter confers redox sensitivity and augments IL-1beta-mediated iNOS gene and protein expression in the setting of superoxide treatment.	Superoxides	164-174	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	42-46
10702213-12	2000	CONCLUSIONS: An ARE in the rat hepatocyte iNOS promoter confers redox sensitivity and augments IL-1beta-mediated iNOS gene and protein expression in the setting of superoxide treatment.	Superoxides	164-174	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	95-103
10702213-12	2000	CONCLUSIONS: An ARE in the rat hepatocyte iNOS promoter confers redox sensitivity and augments IL-1beta-mediated iNOS gene and protein expression in the setting of superoxide treatment.	Superoxides	164-174	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	113-117
10733024-5	2000	RESULTS: The mean superoxide anion production of PMNLs of healthy controls was 1.855 nM/min/3 x 10(5) cells (SD=0.211 nM/min/3 x 10(5) cells).	Superoxides	18-34	CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group)	Homo sapiens	88-93
10733024-5	2000	RESULTS: The mean superoxide anion production of PMNLs of healthy controls was 1.855 nM/min/3 x 10(5) cells (SD=0.211 nM/min/3 x 10(5) cells).	Superoxides	18-34	CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group)	Homo sapiens	121-126
10759888-3	2000	RESULTS: We isolated a Bax-resistant mutant from E. coli cells that survive in the presence of paraquat, a generator of superoxide, by screening a library constructed from the random insertion of a transposon.	Superoxides	120-130	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	23-26
10706597-1	2000	We previously reported that superoxide dismutase (SOD) blocked human monocyte oxidation of LDL and therefore concluded that superoxide anion (O(2)(.-)) was required for oxidation.	Superoxides	124-140	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	28-48
10706597-1	2000	We previously reported that superoxide dismutase (SOD) blocked human monocyte oxidation of LDL and therefore concluded that superoxide anion (O(2)(.-)) was required for oxidation.	Superoxides	124-140	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	50-53
10706597-1	2000	We previously reported that superoxide dismutase (SOD) blocked human monocyte oxidation of LDL and therefore concluded that superoxide anion (O(2)(.-)) was required for oxidation.	Superoxides	142-146	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	28-48
10706597-1	2000	We previously reported that superoxide dismutase (SOD) blocked human monocyte oxidation of LDL and therefore concluded that superoxide anion (O(2)(.-)) was required for oxidation.	Superoxides	142-146	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	50-53
10706597-2	2000	Others, however, have suggested that SOD may inhibit by mechanisms alternative to the dismutation of O(2)(.-).	Superoxides	101-105	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	37-40
11810532-8	2000	Both neutrophil superoxide (O2-) and elastase production were increased by TNF-alpha stimulation, while significant inhibition was seen with the concomitant dosing of IL-10 (P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	16-26	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	75-84
11810532-8	2000	Both neutrophil superoxide (O2-) and elastase production were increased by TNF-alpha stimulation, while significant inhibition was seen with the concomitant dosing of IL-10 (P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	16-26	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	167-172
11810532-8	2000	Both neutrophil superoxide (O2-) and elastase production were increased by TNF-alpha stimulation, while significant inhibition was seen with the concomitant dosing of IL-10 (P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	28-30	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	75-84
11810532-8	2000	Both neutrophil superoxide (O2-) and elastase production were increased by TNF-alpha stimulation, while significant inhibition was seen with the concomitant dosing of IL-10 (P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	28-30	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	167-172
10742656-2	2000	SP-II fraction obtained by SP-Sephadex C-25 chromatography showed the most potent superoxide anion scavenging activity (SOSA), and it was further separated into a peptide using an octadecylsilano-high performance liquid chromatography.	Superoxides	82-98	integrin binding sialoprotein	Homo sapiens	0-5
10744274-5	2000	Superoxide production was measured by the reduction cytochrome c, elastase release by cleavage of AAPV-pNA, and beta2-integrin expression by flow cytometry.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	52-64
10720891-1	2000	BACKGROUND: The superoxide anion and other oxygen radicals have been implicated in the progression of chronic renal failure, and are removed by extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) in the extracellular space on the surface of the endothelium.	Superoxides	16-32	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	144-178
10720891-1	2000	BACKGROUND: The superoxide anion and other oxygen radicals have been implicated in the progression of chronic renal failure, and are removed by extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) in the extracellular space on the surface of the endothelium.	Superoxides	16-32	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	180-186
10712539-3	2000	The first peak of SA occurred 3 h after generation of superoxide (O(2)(.-)), and was inhibited by infiltration of catalase.	Superoxides	54-64	catalase isozyme 1-like	Gossypium hirsutum	114-122
10712539-3	2000	The first peak of SA occurred 3 h after generation of superoxide (O(2)(.-)), and was inhibited by infiltration of catalase.	Superoxides	66-70	catalase isozyme 1-like	Gossypium hirsutum	114-122
10744158-4	2000	Among the agonists used, such as ADP, thrombin and collagen, the release of O2- and OH was observed mainly when platelets were stimulated with collagen.	Superoxides	76-78	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	38-46
11067938-10	2000	Furthermore, IL-1beta-triggered phosphorylation of all three MAPKs, including p38-MAPK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and ERK, was substantially enhanced by superoxide.	Superoxides	152-162	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	13-21
11067938-10	2000	Furthermore, IL-1beta-triggered phosphorylation of all three MAPKs, including p38-MAPK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and ERK, was substantially enhanced by superoxide.	Superoxides	152-162	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	117-120
10984191-11	2000	Access to the site where toxic superoxides are generated or their targets may be necessary for the protective function of SOD1.	Superoxides	31-42	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	122-126
10799480-5	2000	Consequently, the inactivation of m-aconitase by superoxide may increase the formation of hydroxyl radical ((*)OH) through the Fenton reaction in mitochondria.	Superoxides	49-59	aconitase 2	Homo sapiens	34-45
10799480-6	2000	In this work, evidence for the generation of (*)OH from the reaction of m-aconitase with superoxide is provided using ESR spin trapping experiments with 5-diethoxyphosphoryl-5-methyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide and alpha-phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone.	Superoxides	89-99	aconitase 2	Homo sapiens	72-83
10799480-10	2000	Parallel low temperature ESR experiments demonstrated that the generation of the [3Fe-4S](1+) cluster increased with increasing additions of superoxide to m-aconitase.	Superoxides	141-151	aconitase 2	Homo sapiens	155-166
10793233-1	2000	Mice over-expressing a human mutation of Cu(2+)/Zn(2+) superoxide dismutase (SOD1) provide a model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.	Superoxides	55-65	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	77-81
10801763-0	2000	Investigation into the sources of superoxide in human blood vessels: angiotensin II increases superoxide production in human internal mammary arteries.	Superoxides	34-44	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	69-83
10801763-0	2000	Investigation into the sources of superoxide in human blood vessels: angiotensin II increases superoxide production in human internal mammary arteries.	Superoxides	94-104	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	69-83
10801763-2	2000	Observations in experimental animals suggest that angiotensin II (Ang II) increases.O(2)(-) production by activation of vascular NAD(P)H oxidase.	Superoxides	84-91	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	50-64
10848817-6	2000	Cells in group B were appropriately primed by G-CSF, GM-CSF, tumour necrosis factor alpha and IL-1beta for enhanced release of O2 -.	Superoxides	127-129	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	94-102
10892347-6	2000	TNF-alpha significantly increased the release of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide from HUVECs.	Superoxides	49-65	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-9
10767399-3	2000	Timosaponins E1 and E2 significantly inhibited N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-induced superoxide generation in a concentration-dependent manner, but not that induced by arachidonic acid (AA).	Superoxides	102-112	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	88-92
10767399-8	2000	The results suggest that protein tyrosine kinase participates in fMLP-mediated superoxide generation by timosaponin E1- and E2-treated human neutrophils.	Superoxides	79-89	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	65-69
10822170-2	2000	Inhibition of PKC by RO 31-8220 reduces the phagocytosis of latex particles and the release of superoxide, prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha.	Superoxides	95-105	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	14-17
10822170-10	2000	These results suggest that: (1) PKC-alpha but not PKC-beta is involved in the release of superoxide and PGE(2); (2) TNF-alpha release and the phagocytosis of latex particles are mediated by PKC-alpha, PKC-beta, and other PKC isoenzymes; and (3) PKC-alpha and PKC-beta play antagonistic roles in the differentiation process of THP-1 cells.	Superoxides	89-99	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	32-41
10822170-10	2000	These results suggest that: (1) PKC-alpha but not PKC-beta is involved in the release of superoxide and PGE(2); (2) TNF-alpha release and the phagocytosis of latex particles are mediated by PKC-alpha, PKC-beta, and other PKC isoenzymes; and (3) PKC-alpha and PKC-beta play antagonistic roles in the differentiation process of THP-1 cells.	Superoxides	89-99	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	32-35
10767420-0	2000	Induction of superoxide in glioma cell line U87 stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma: ESR using a new flow-type quartz cell.	Superoxides	13-23	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	87-103
10767420-1	2000	The production of superoxide and nitric oxide induced in U87 glioma treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) was examined by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy using a newly designed flow-type quartz cuvette without detaching cells from the culture plate.	Superoxides	18-28	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	110-126
10767420-1	2000	The production of superoxide and nitric oxide induced in U87 glioma treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) was examined by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy using a newly designed flow-type quartz cuvette without detaching cells from the culture plate.	Superoxides	18-28	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	128-137
10767420-6	2000	Further, the nitrite and nitrate levels in the medium did not increase for 24 h. By the ESR measurement of cells on culture plates without detachment stress, it was found that the production of superoxide was induced by LPS/IFN-gamma, but that of nitric oxide was not, in U87 glioma cells.	Superoxides	194-204	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	224-233
10823352-3	2000	In contrast, pyrogallol, a putative superoxide anion donor, induced a biphasic contraction, which could be abolished by SOD, but not by catalase or DMSO/mannitol.	Superoxides	36-52	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	120-123
10758056-1	2000	BACKGROUND: Angiotensin II-induced hypertension is associated with increased vascular superoxide production, which contributes to hypertension caused by the octapeptide.	Superoxides	86-96	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	12-26
10758056-12	2000	CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that increased vascular superoxide production occurs not only in angiotensin II-induced hypertension but also in hypertension known to be associated with low-renin states.	Superoxides	61-71	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	102-116
10759559-0	2000	Damage-induced neuronal endopeptidase (DINE) is a unique metallopeptidase expressed in response to neuronal damage and activates superoxide scavengers.	Superoxides	129-139	endothelin converting enzyme-like 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-37
10759559-0	2000	Damage-induced neuronal endopeptidase (DINE) is a unique metallopeptidase expressed in response to neuronal damage and activates superoxide scavengers.	Superoxides	129-139	endothelin converting enzyme-like 1	Rattus norvegicus	39-43
10759559-0	2000	Damage-induced neuronal endopeptidase (DINE) is a unique metallopeptidase expressed in response to neuronal damage and activates superoxide scavengers.	Superoxides	129-139	endothelin converting enzyme-like 1	Rattus norvegicus	57-73
10751227-10	2000	They support a role for oxidants in conveying the stimulatory signal from 5-HT, because 1) chemical antioxidants attenuate the 5-HT signal, 2) oxidants and 5-HT selectively activate ERK to a similar degree, 3) 5-HT produces superoxide and H(2)O(2) in these cells, and 4) a specific enzyme [NAD(P)H oxidase] has been implicated as the source of the ROS, which react selectively downstream of classical PKC.	Superoxides	224-234	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	182-185
11232599-0	2000	Calmodulin and cyclic ADP-ribose interaction in Ca2+ signaling related to cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum: superoxide anion radical-triggered Ca2+ release.	Superoxides	106-130	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	0-10
11232599-9	2000	At low concentrations (nearly nanomolar levels), *O2- induces Ca2+ release by stimulating synthesis of cADPR, which requires calmodulin for sensitization of ryanodine-sensitive Ca2+-release channels (RyRC).	Superoxides	50-52	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	125-135
11232599-11	2000	At higher concentrations (micromolar levels), *O2- produces a loss in the function of calmodulin that is to inhibit RyRC.	Superoxides	47-49	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	86-96
10981145-2	2000	Recent studies provide evidence that ANG II could stimulate intracellular formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as the superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	129-145	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	37-43
10981145-2	2000	Recent studies provide evidence that ANG II could stimulate intracellular formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as the superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	147-149	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	37-43
10981145-4	2000	Current evidence suggests that ANG II, through AT1-receptor activation, upregulates several subunits of this multienzyme complex, resulting in an increase in intracellular O2- concentration.	Superoxides	172-175	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	31-37
10744650-1	2000	Soluble recombinant (r) P-selectin and rP-selectin immobilized on plastic surfaces were tested for their capacity to activate neutrophils to produce superoxide anion.	Superoxides	149-165	selectin P	Rattus norvegicus	39-50
10744650-7	2000	Cap formation and superoxide anion production induced by solid-phase P-selectin or by IL-8 and soluble rP-selectin treatment were inhibited by treatment of the leukocytes with cytochalasin B.	Superoxides	18-34	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	86-90
10744650-7	2000	Cap formation and superoxide anion production induced by solid-phase P-selectin or by IL-8 and soluble rP-selectin treatment were inhibited by treatment of the leukocytes with cytochalasin B.	Superoxides	18-34	selectin P	Rattus norvegicus	103-114
10725748-7	2000	In the same cells, IL-8 also caused superoxide release.	Superoxides	36-46	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	19-23
10779046-7	2000	There was a positive correlation between the production of superoxide and ET-1 in diabetic glomeruli.	Superoxides	59-69	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	74-78
10809183-2	2000	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-stimulated superoxide production and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP)-stimulated aggregation in diabetic patients with triopathy were significantly greater than those in diabetics without triopathy.	Superoxides	45-55	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-33
10809183-3	2000	The more diabetic complications existed, the more TNF-alpha-stimulated superoxide was produced by PMN.	Superoxides	71-81	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	50-59
10698705-9	2000	Importantly, H(4)Bip was found to react chemically with superoxide (O(2)(-.))	Superoxides	56-66	growth differentiation factor 10	Homo sapiens	17-20
10677615-3	2000	Mitochondria play a pivotal role in controlling apoptosis by releasing cytochrome c and modulating redox state, both under the regulation of manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn SOD) via superoxide anion detoxification.	Superoxides	185-201	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	173-179
10755468-10	2000	These results suggest that TNFalpha enhances the toxicity of NO in BCECs and that at least part of this enhancement involves the generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	143-153	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	27-35
10662829-3	2000	It has been proposed that Abeta induces death by oxidative stress, possibly through the generation of peroxynitrite from superoxide and nitric oxide.	Superoxides	121-131	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	26-31
10662734-0	2000	Superoxide anion curbs nitric oxide modulation of afferent arteriolar ANG II responsiveness in diabetes mellitus.	Superoxides	0-16	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	70-76
10662734-9	2000	These observations indicate that superoxide anion suppresses the modulatory influence of endogenous NO on ANG II-induced afferent arteriolar constriction in diabetes mellitus.	Superoxides	33-49	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	106-112
10666117-2	2000	Here we show that IL-1beta and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) stimulate superoxide production by pulmonary vascular SMC and that this effect is blocked by both FTI-277 and GGTI-298, suggesting that farnesylated and geranylgeranylated proteins are required for superoxide production.	Superoxides	79-89	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	18-26
10666117-2	2000	Here we show that IL-1beta and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) stimulate superoxide production by pulmonary vascular SMC and that this effect is blocked by both FTI-277 and GGTI-298, suggesting that farnesylated and geranylgeranylated proteins are required for superoxide production.	Superoxides	267-277	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	18-26
10666117-4	2000	Furthermore, superoxide production by IL-1beta, PDGF factor, and constitutively activated Ras is blocked by diphenyleneiodonium, implicating NAD(P)H oxidase as the generating enzyme.	Superoxides	13-23	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	38-46
10668885-0	2000	Maximal human neutrophil priming for superoxide production and elastase release requires p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation.	Superoxides	37-47	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	89-92
10668885-9	2000	MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Maximal rate of O2- generation was measured by superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of cytochrome c and elastase release by the cleavage of N-methoxysuccinyl-Ala-Ala-Pro-Val-p-nitroanilide.	Superoxides	39-41	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	116-128
10668885-12	2000	CONCLUSIONS: The p38 MAPK pathway is required for maximal PAF-induced neutrophil priming for O2- production and elastase degranulation.	Superoxides	93-95	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	17-20
10642579-1	2000	The superoxide radical and its scavenger, superoxide dismutase (SOD), play important roles in the regulation of corpus luteum function.	Superoxides	4-22	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	64-67
10657274-6	2000	Macrophage and smooth muscle cell viability were inversely related to the production of superoxide free radicals and were significantly improved in the combined presence of superoxide dismutase and catalase.	Superoxides	88-98	catalase	Homo sapiens	198-206
10657983-2	2000	Vascular cell experiments suggest that ANG II is a potent stimulator of free radicals such as superoxide anion, an agent known to inactivate nitric oxide and promote the formation of peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	94-110	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	39-45
10816077-5	2000	Moreover, knowing that GSH plays a crucial role in the regulation of nitric oxide-dependent apoptosis, U937-R and parental lines have been treated with SIN-1, which is known to generate significant amounts of O2 and nitric oxide.	Superoxides	209-211	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	152-157
10685001-7	2000	In the presence of L-NAME, PMA (1 nM) stimulation significantly increased superoxide anion generation following 3 h treatments with IL-3, TNF-alpha or IFN-gamma.	Superoxides	74-90	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	138-147
10685001-7	2000	In the presence of L-NAME, PMA (1 nM) stimulation significantly increased superoxide anion generation following 3 h treatments with IL-3, TNF-alpha or IFN-gamma.	Superoxides	74-90	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	151-160
10698074-8	2000	These observations suggest that SOD1 overexpression can reduce neuronal death under conditions where peroxynitrite formation is a significant factor, but may exacerbate neuronal death under conditions of rapid intracellular superoxide formation or impaired H2O2 disposal.	Superoxides	224-234	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	32-36
10694186-0	2000	Acute production of vascular superoxide by angiotensin II but not by catecholamines.	Superoxides	29-39	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	43-57
10694186-1	2000	OBJECTIVE: To determine whether vascular superoxide is rapidly released by angiotensin II and is involved in vascular contraction.	Superoxides	41-51	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	75-89
10694186-3	2000	Subsequently, acute production of vascular superoxide by angiotensin II and its effect on isometric tension were measured in rat aortic rings.	Superoxides	43-53	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	57-71
10694186-8	2000	The effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine were concomitantly measured and were not significant CONCLUSIONS: The acute superoxide producing effect is likely to be specific to angiotensin II, because such a significant modification of the effects was not observed for catecholamines.	Superoxides	122-132	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	178-192
10694186-9	2000	Our results suggest that angiotensin II causes acute vascular superoxide production, which may be involved in the acute pressor effects.	Superoxides	62-72	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	25-39
10688968-6	2000	SP and NKA dose-dependently evoked O(2)(-)production from MO in all the conditions evaluated, their effects being competitively antagonized by selective antagonists (CP 96 345 and MEN 10 627, respectively).	Superoxides	35-39	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	0-2
10688968-6	2000	SP and NKA dose-dependently evoked O(2)(-)production from MO in all the conditions evaluated, their effects being competitively antagonized by selective antagonists (CP 96 345 and MEN 10 627, respectively).	Superoxides	35-39	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	7-10
10670838-3	2000	Circulating PMN were isolated during 12 days, followed by determination of formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-induced PMN-superoxide production (PMN-SOP) by SOD-inhibitable ferricytochrome C reduction, and PMN cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) by fluorescent fura2/AM (340/380 ratio).	Superoxides	132-142	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	114-118
10640619-3	2000	These enhanced mRNA levels for SOD-1 were consistent with the increased specific activities for SOD-1, suggesting that the superoxide radical generated in neurotoxic lesion, induced SOD-1 mRNA.	Superoxides	123-141	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	31-36
10640619-3	2000	These enhanced mRNA levels for SOD-1 were consistent with the increased specific activities for SOD-1, suggesting that the superoxide radical generated in neurotoxic lesion, induced SOD-1 mRNA.	Superoxides	123-141	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	96-101
10640619-3	2000	These enhanced mRNA levels for SOD-1 were consistent with the increased specific activities for SOD-1, suggesting that the superoxide radical generated in neurotoxic lesion, induced SOD-1 mRNA.	Superoxides	123-141	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	96-101
10636859-1	2000	Desensitization of C5a receptor controls superoxide production but not receptor sequestration in HL-60 cells.	Superoxides	41-51	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	19-31
10728373-0	2000	Involvement of protein kinase C in superoxide anion-induced activation of nuclear factor-kappa B in human endothelial cells.	Superoxides	35-51	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	74-96
10728373-8	2000	RESULTS: The treatment of the cells with superoxide anion for 60 min increased the NF-kappa B/DNA binding activity.	Superoxides	41-57	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	83-93
10728373-9	2000	Immunoblot analysis showed that superoxide anion induced phosphorylation of I kappa B alpha within 10 min.	Superoxides	32-48	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	76-91
10728373-11	2000	Pretreatment of the cells with calphostin C (100-400 nmol/l) and chelerythrine chloride (5-10 mumol/l), inhibitors of PKC, abolished the superoxide anion-induced NF-kappa B activation.	Superoxides	137-153	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	162-172
10728373-12	2000	Down-regulation of endogenous PKC by long-term exposure to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate decreased the superoxide anion-induced NF-kappa B activation to a basal level.	Superoxides	105-121	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	130-140
10728373-14	2000	CONCLUSION: These results suggest that PKC is involved in the activation of NF-kappa B by superoxide anion in human endothelial cells.	Superoxides	90-106	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	76-86
10660303-1	2000	The signalling pathway leading, for example, to actin cytoskeletal reorganisation, secretion or superoxide generation involves phospholipase D (PLD)-catalysed hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine to generate phosphatidic acid, which appears to mediate the messenger functions of this pathway.	Superoxides	96-106	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	127-142
10660303-1	2000	The signalling pathway leading, for example, to actin cytoskeletal reorganisation, secretion or superoxide generation involves phospholipase D (PLD)-catalysed hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine to generate phosphatidic acid, which appears to mediate the messenger functions of this pathway.	Superoxides	96-106	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	144-147
10635057-4	2000	ACE catalyzes the conversion of Ang I to Ang II, which in turn stimulates the production of PAI-1, sensitizes platelets, promotes the production of superoxide radicals that scavenge free NO, and induces the expression of tissue factor.	Superoxides	148-158	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	0-3
10615072-4	2000	The effects of TNF were prevented by the superoxide radical scavenger superoxide dismutase (SOD) (100 U/ml), the (*)NO synthase inhibitor aminoguanidine (100 microM), the guanylate cyclase inhibitor ODQ (100 microM), and the PKG inhibitors KT5823 (1 microM) and 8-bromo-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-thioate (100 microM).	Superoxides	41-51	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	15-18
10644521-1	2000	It is commonly believed that the activity of NO synthase (NOS) solely controls NO production from its substrates, L-Arg and O(2).	Superoxides	124-128	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	45-56
10863548-2	2000	We now report that superoxide anion production in microglia or macrophages from 3 different species is increased by long term exposure (24 hours) to A beta peptides.	Superoxides	19-35	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	149-155
10863548-3	2000	Since A beta competes for the uptake of opsonized latex beads and for the production of superoxide anion by opsonized zymosan, a likely site of action are membrane receptors associated with the uptake of opsonized particles or fibers.	Superoxides	88-104	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	6-12
10863548-5	2000	We also report that the effect of A beta peptides on superoxide anion production is not associated with a concomitant increase in nitric oxide (NO) production in either human monocyte derived macrophages (MDM) or hamster microglia from primary cultures.	Superoxides	53-69	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	34-40
10627995-2	1999	LDL-oxidation by peroxynitrite or the simultaneous action of nitrogen monoxide and superoxide, produced by morpholino-sydnonimine (SIN-1) is considerably enhanced by typical hydroxyl-radical scavengers such as formate or mannitol and by glucose.	Superoxides	83-93	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	131-136
10708546-7	2000	In contrast, CS-II enhanced the superoxide generation induced by fMLP and OZ, but not that induced by AA and PMA.	Superoxides	32-42	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	65-69
10634825-7	2000	uPA and uPAR mRNA expression was also induced by the incubation with xanthine and xanthine oxidase, a superoxide anion-generating system.	Superoxides	102-118	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	0-3
11138458-10	2000	Cyclic voltammetry revealed that the oxidation-reduction process of ADR was not electrochemically reversible and therefore the oxidation potential could not be determined accurately; however its value should be between 0.23 and 0.78 V. Analysis of the photooxidative process revealed that it was not mediated by the formation of singlet oxygen, superoxide anion radicals, hydrogen peroxide or hydroxyl radicals, and it is suggested that ADR was oxidized directly by the excited triplet riboflavin.	Superoxides	345-370	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B	Homo sapiens	68-71
11714406-4	2000	ACE inhibition prevents the formation of angiotensin II, which has been shown to be a potent stimulus of superoxide-producing enzymes in atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	105-115	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	0-3
11714406-4	2000	ACE inhibition prevents the formation of angiotensin II, which has been shown to be a potent stimulus of superoxide-producing enzymes in atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	105-115	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	41-55
10719757-2	2000	To investigate the role of oxygen radicals in the aging process in mammals, the life spans of transgenic mice on a CD-1 background expressing increased levels of CuZn superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), the enzyme that metabolizes superoxide radicals, were determined.	Superoxides	167-177	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	189-196
10611256-9	2000	In conclusion, the present study suggests that the superoxide radical and its scavenging system, especially Cu,Zn-SOD, play important roles in the regulation of human luteal function.	Superoxides	51-69	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	108-117
10724328-5	2000	We exposed these microsomes to superoxide which was generated using xanthine plus xanthine oxidase and catalase to prevent accumulation of peroxide due to superoxide dismutation.	Superoxides	31-41	catalase	Homo sapiens	103-111
10724328-5	2000	We exposed these microsomes to superoxide which was generated using xanthine plus xanthine oxidase and catalase to prevent accumulation of peroxide due to superoxide dismutation.	Superoxides	155-165	catalase	Homo sapiens	103-111
16787839-10	2000	An approach we have evaluated is treatment with salen manganese compounds, a class of catalytic antioxidant compounds which behave as superoxide dismutase (SOD)/catalase mimetics to detoxify superoxide.	Superoxides	134-144	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	161-169
10653519-2	2000	Phospholipase A2 (PLA2)-mediated release of arachidonic acid has been shown to play an essential role in superoxide anion (O2-) production in neutrophils exposed to various physiologic and pharmacologic agents.	Superoxides	105-121	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	0-16
10653519-2	2000	Phospholipase A2 (PLA2)-mediated release of arachidonic acid has been shown to play an essential role in superoxide anion (O2-) production in neutrophils exposed to various physiologic and pharmacologic agents.	Superoxides	105-121	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	18-22
10653519-2	2000	Phospholipase A2 (PLA2)-mediated release of arachidonic acid has been shown to play an essential role in superoxide anion (O2-) production in neutrophils exposed to various physiologic and pharmacologic agents.	Superoxides	123-125	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	0-16
10653519-2	2000	Phospholipase A2 (PLA2)-mediated release of arachidonic acid has been shown to play an essential role in superoxide anion (O2-) production in neutrophils exposed to various physiologic and pharmacologic agents.	Superoxides	123-125	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	18-22
10653519-3	2000	Therefore, studies were performed to determine if the organochlorine pesticides, lindane and dieldrin, activate neutrophils to produce O2- by a mechanism that requires PLA2.	Superoxides	135-137	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	168-172
10653519-6	2000	In addition, both O2- production and 3H-AA release were inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner by BEL, a mechanism-based inhibitor of calcium-independent PLA2.	Superoxides	18-20	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	161-165
10653519-7	2000	These data suggest that dieldrin and lindane stimulate O2- production by a mechanism that involves PLA2.	Superoxides	55-57	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	99-103
10590837-3	1999	In addition to the expected upregulation by heat shock, we show that a variety of stresses, including exposure to superoxide-generating redox-cycling quinones and the expression of the human beta amyloid peptide, specifically induce the reporter transgene.	Superoxides	114-124	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	191-211
10583381-4	1999	From experiments using an anti-calreticulin antibody, we proposed that calreticulin is partly localized on the surface of neutrophils, and L5-bound calreticulin transmits a signal into cells via G-protein to activate neutrophils to generate superoxide anion.	Superoxides	241-257	calreticulin	Homo sapiens	71-83
10583381-4	1999	From experiments using an anti-calreticulin antibody, we proposed that calreticulin is partly localized on the surface of neutrophils, and L5-bound calreticulin transmits a signal into cells via G-protein to activate neutrophils to generate superoxide anion.	Superoxides	241-257	calreticulin	Homo sapiens	71-83
10581309-5	1999	SIN-1, unlike SNAP, can release both NO and superoxide anion, the precursors of peroxynitrite (OONO-).	Superoxides	44-60	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
10581309-12	1999	LY 83583, a superoxide anion generator, elicited a positive inotropic effect, like SIN-1.	Superoxides	12-28	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	83-88
10594930-1	1999	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) converts superoxide radical to H(2)O(2), which is in turn broken down to water and oxygen by catalase.	Superoxides	36-54	catalase	Homo sapiens	120-128
10545203-6	1999	Tyrosine Y(115) was the residue modified by nitration after exposure of ribonuclease A to different nitrating agents: chemically synthesized peroxynitrite, nitric oxide, and superoxide generated by SIN-1 or myeloperoxidase (MPO)/H(2)O(2) plus nitrite (NO(-2)) in the presence of bicarbonate/CO(2).	Superoxides	174-184	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	198-203
10545203-6	1999	Tyrosine Y(115) was the residue modified by nitration after exposure of ribonuclease A to different nitrating agents: chemically synthesized peroxynitrite, nitric oxide, and superoxide generated by SIN-1 or myeloperoxidase (MPO)/H(2)O(2) plus nitrite (NO(-2)) in the presence of bicarbonate/CO(2).	Superoxides	174-184	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	207-222
10564167-1	1999	Endogenous superoxide anion (O(-)(2)) interferes with the bioactivity of nitric oxide (NO) in endothelium-dependent arterial relaxation (EDR).	Superoxides	11-27	paternally expressed 10	Homo sapiens	137-140
10578126-3	1999	3 PP1, an inhibitor of the src-family of protein tyrosine kinases, inhibited adhesion and CD11b/CD18-mediated superoxide anion generation with similar potencies (pEC50s=-5.53 and -5.99 respectively) suggesting that inhibition of the NADPH oxidase was a direct consequence of blocking adhesion.	Superoxides	110-126	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	96-100
10629421-4	1999	Addition of vanadate (100 microM) considerably increased the chemiluminescence (up to 17-fold) after PMA and made possible the detection of an enhanced superoxide production after stimulation with angiotensin II (by 1.7-fold).	Superoxides	152-162	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	197-211
10561080-8	2000	Furthermore, approximately 2.7- and 4.9-fold increases in cytochrome c reduction were observed following incubation with 12.5 and 25 microM Cr(VI), respectively, and 1.6- and 3.3-fold increases in cytochrome c reduction were observed with Cd(II), demonstrating enhanced production of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	284-300	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	58-70
10561080-8	2000	Furthermore, approximately 2.7- and 4.9-fold increases in cytochrome c reduction were observed following incubation with 12.5 and 25 microM Cr(VI), respectively, and 1.6- and 3.3-fold increases in cytochrome c reduction were observed with Cd(II), demonstrating enhanced production of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	284-300	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	197-209
10604958-5	2000	Recently, tumor necrosis factor-alpha has been demonstrated to increase superoxide radical generation in mesangial cells.	Superoxides	72-90	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	10-37
10666000-0	2000	Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-mediated signal transduction in human neutrophils: involvement of sphingomyelin metabolites in the priming effect of TNF-alpha on the fMLP-stimulated superoxide production.	Superoxides	178-188	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-27
10666000-0	2000	Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-mediated signal transduction in human neutrophils: involvement of sphingomyelin metabolites in the priming effect of TNF-alpha on the fMLP-stimulated superoxide production.	Superoxides	178-188	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	145-154
10666000-0	2000	Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-mediated signal transduction in human neutrophils: involvement of sphingomyelin metabolites in the priming effect of TNF-alpha on the fMLP-stimulated superoxide production.	Superoxides	178-188	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	162-166
10666000-1	2000	We investigated the mechanism underlying the priming effect of TNF-alpha on fMLP-stimulated superoxide production in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	92-102	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	63-72
10666000-1	2000	We investigated the mechanism underlying the priming effect of TNF-alpha on fMLP-stimulated superoxide production in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	92-102	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	76-80
10666000-2	2000	TNF-alpha enhanced fMLP-stimulated superoxide production in a concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	35-45	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-9
10666000-2	2000	TNF-alpha enhanced fMLP-stimulated superoxide production in a concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	35-45	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	19-23
10666000-5	2000	C2 ceramide produced a concentration-dependent inhibition of fMLP-stimulated superoxide production within the concentration range of 1-30 microM.	Superoxides	77-87	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
10666000-6	2000	Sphingosine had a dual effect on fMLP-stimulated superoxide generation, exhibiting a priming effect at lower concentrations (0.2-1 microM), but an inhibitory effect at higher concentrations (1-30 microM).	Superoxides	49-59	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
10666000-7	2000	SP-1-P (1-30 microM), showed a concentration-dependent enhancement of fMLP stimulated superoxide production.	Superoxides	86-96	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	70-74
10677867-0	2000	Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) gene mutations.	Superoxides	43-53	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	65-69
10994875-0	2000	Transformed target cell-derived superoxide anions drive apoptosis induction by myeloperoxidase.	Superoxides	32-49	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	79-94
10624880-4	1999	simpliciflora root, a traditional medicine as an antipyretic, modulates the generation of NO and superoxide in IFN-gamma primed or polymyristic acetate (PMA) stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, respectively.	Superoxides	97-107	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	111-120
10604594-6	1999	On the contrary, two of them showed kinetic constants for superoxide dismutation about one order of magnitude lower than that of the enzyme Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	58-68	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	140-166
10705716-5	1999	The superoxide dismutase enzyme (SOD) catalyzes dismutation of the superoxide radical into hydrogen peroxide and oxygen hydrogen peroxide is in turn reduced to water and oxygen by peroxidase glutathione and catalase enzymes.	Superoxides	4-14	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	33-36
10705716-5	1999	The superoxide dismutase enzyme (SOD) catalyzes dismutation of the superoxide radical into hydrogen peroxide and oxygen hydrogen peroxide is in turn reduced to water and oxygen by peroxidase glutathione and catalase enzymes.	Superoxides	4-14	catalase	Homo sapiens	207-215
10665834-3	1999	In the lungs, there is an impressive array of specific defence mechanisms that destroy superoxide, especially superoxide dismutase (SOD) and metallothionein.	Superoxides	87-97	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	110-130
10665834-3	1999	In the lungs, there is an impressive array of specific defence mechanisms that destroy superoxide, especially superoxide dismutase (SOD) and metallothionein.	Superoxides	87-97	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	132-135
10564760-3	1999	Electron paramagnetic resonance studies confirm that BQ-II is reductively activated by NADH:cytochrome c reductase to superoxide anion radical.	Superoxides	118-142	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	92-104
10552917-0	1999	An anionic impurity in preparations of cytochrome c interferes with assays of cationic catalysts of the dismutation of the superoxide anion radical.	Superoxides	123-147	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	39-51
10644010-2	1999	Two of these--NFkappaB and AP-1--can also be activated by reactive oxygen species, including the superoxide anion (also produced under TNF challenge).	Superoxides	97-113	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	135-138
10584204-4	1999	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was used to confirm the production of superoxide radicals (O2-).	Superoxides	65-75	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
10584204-4	1999	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was used to confirm the production of superoxide radicals (O2-).	Superoxides	65-75	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
10584204-4	1999	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was used to confirm the production of superoxide radicals (O2-).	Superoxides	86-88	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
10559793-7	1999	Previous work has demonstrated that extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD) can lower superoxide generation; this is the first report that intracellular SOD could also modify the amount of superoxide production from the cells.	Superoxides	50-60	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	72-75
10559793-7	1999	Previous work has demonstrated that extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD) can lower superoxide generation; this is the first report that intracellular SOD could also modify the amount of superoxide production from the cells.	Superoxides	50-60	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	154-157
10593590-7	1999	In contrast, the role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in B[a]P-induced superoxide ion enhancement is suggested by the inhibitory effect of the specific antagonist alpha-naphthoflavone (alphaNF), while the tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) is not involved in the phenomenon.	Superoxides	78-88	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	212-233
10593590-7	1999	In contrast, the role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in B[a]P-induced superoxide ion enhancement is suggested by the inhibitory effect of the specific antagonist alpha-naphthoflavone (alphaNF), while the tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) is not involved in the phenomenon.	Superoxides	78-88	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	235-244
10529371-1	1999	Phospholipase D (PLD) plays an important role in signaling through phosphatidylcholine (PC) and in the production of superoxide (respiratory burst) by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) stimulated by the chemoattractant fMet-Leu-Phe (fMLP).	Superoxides	117-127	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	0-15
10529371-1	1999	Phospholipase D (PLD) plays an important role in signaling through phosphatidylcholine (PC) and in the production of superoxide (respiratory burst) by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) stimulated by the chemoattractant fMet-Leu-Phe (fMLP).	Superoxides	117-127	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	17-20
10529371-8	1999	They further indicate that PLD stimulation by fMLP receptors occurs through two pathways, dependent and independent on MAP kinase, the former pathway being linked to superoxide production.	Superoxides	166-176	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	27-30
10529371-8	1999	They further indicate that PLD stimulation by fMLP receptors occurs through two pathways, dependent and independent on MAP kinase, the former pathway being linked to superoxide production.	Superoxides	166-176	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	46-50
10464373-10	1999	The results indicate that Cu/Zn SOD deficiencies increase the vulnerability of the cochlea to damage associated with normal aging, presumably through metabolic pathways involving the superoxide radical.	Superoxides	183-201	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	26-35
10491654-9	1999	In conclusion, the decrease in intracellular Cu, Zn-SOD activities inhibits progesterone production by rat luteal cells, which may be mediated by superoxide radicals, suggesting that intracellular Cu,Zn-SOD plays important roles in the regulation of luteal function.	Superoxides	146-156	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	197-206
10522849-4	1999	HYPOTHESIS: The p38 MAPK and extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) modulate superoxide generation and elastase release in activated human PMNs.	Superoxides	87-97	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	16-19
10522849-4	1999	HYPOTHESIS: The p38 MAPK and extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) modulate superoxide generation and elastase release in activated human PMNs.	Superoxides	87-97	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	20-24
10522849-4	1999	HYPOTHESIS: The p38 MAPK and extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) modulate superoxide generation and elastase release in activated human PMNs.	Superoxides	87-97	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	29-68
10522849-4	1999	HYPOTHESIS: The p38 MAPK and extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) modulate superoxide generation and elastase release in activated human PMNs.	Superoxides	87-97	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	70-76
10522849-7	1999	RESULTS: Superoxide release from activated PMNs was inhibited by blockade of p38 MAPK activation but unaffected by blockade of ERK1/2.	Superoxides	9-19	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	77-80
10522849-7	1999	RESULTS: Superoxide release from activated PMNs was inhibited by blockade of p38 MAPK activation but unaffected by blockade of ERK1/2.	Superoxides	9-19	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	81-85
10522849-9	1999	CONCLUSIONS: Activation of p38 MAPK promotes superoxide release from PMNs activated by f-Met-Leu-Phe.	Superoxides	45-55	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	27-30
10529474-8	1999	Further experiments revealed that Fas-induced cell death was associated with increased formation of superoxide anions in control neuroglioma cells and in cells overexpressing catalase.	Superoxides	100-117	catalase	Homo sapiens	175-183
10615405-0	1999	Angiotensin II-induced superoxide anion generation in human vascular endothelial cells: role of membrane-bound NADH-/NADPH-oxidases.	Superoxides	23-39	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
10615405-4	1999	In the present study, we investigate whether ANG II can induce O2- release from human vascular endothelial cells (HVECs) and the possible mechanisms involved.	Superoxides	63-65	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	45-51
10615405-6	1999	The O2- production was dose-dependently increased in HVECs treated with ANG II (10(-7)-10(-9) M) and with a maximum rate after 1 h of incubation.	Superoxides	4-6	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	72-78
10615405-12	1999	CONCLUSION: ANG II induces O2- release in HVECs via activation of membrane-bound NADH-/NADPH-oxidase, an effect, that is mediated by both AT-1 and AT-2 receptors.	Superoxides	27-29	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	12-18
10615405-13	1999	This suggests that acceleration of AS and MI in ANG II-mediated hypertension may at least be due to ANG II-induced O2- generation from vascular endothelial cells.	Superoxides	115-117	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	48-54
10615405-13	1999	This suggests that acceleration of AS and MI in ANG II-mediated hypertension may at least be due to ANG II-induced O2- generation from vascular endothelial cells.	Superoxides	115-117	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	100-106
10540175-3	1999	With this approach, ANCA IgG, but not normal IgG or ANCA F(ab")2 fragments caused a time and dose dependent release of O2- from TNF-alpha primed neutrophils.	Superoxides	119-121	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	128-137
10540319-0	1999	Reduced antilisterial activity of TNF-deficient bone marrow-derived macrophages is due to impaired superoxide production.	Superoxides	99-109	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	34-37
10540319-6	1999	The LPS-inducible superoxide production of TNF/LT-alpha(-/-) BMDM was impaired.	Superoxides	18-28	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	43-46
10540319-9	1999	Together these findings suggest that the defective host defense of TNF/LT-alpha-deficient mice against L. monocytogenes partially stems from reduced superoxide production of macrophages due to the absence of TNF and imply a function for peroxynitrite, the reaction product of NO and superoxide, in the intracellular killing of L. monocytogenes.	Superoxides	149-159	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	67-70
10540319-9	1999	Together these findings suggest that the defective host defense of TNF/LT-alpha-deficient mice against L. monocytogenes partially stems from reduced superoxide production of macrophages due to the absence of TNF and imply a function for peroxynitrite, the reaction product of NO and superoxide, in the intracellular killing of L. monocytogenes.	Superoxides	283-293	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	67-70
10523389-8	1999	In this way, a reduction in the concentration of nitric oxide (which is quenched by superoxide) along with the formation of F(2)-isoprostanes and endothelin could potentiate the vasoconstrictor effects of angiotensin II.	Superoxides	84-94	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	205-219
10540223-0	1999	Expression and translocation of Rac2 in eosinophils during superoxide generation.	Superoxides	59-69	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	32-36
10563472-5	1999	RESULTS: The enzymatic production of superoxide caused a dose-dependent increase in TNF-alpha synthesis, whereas hydrogen peroxide was ineffective.	Superoxides	37-47	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	84-93
10563472-8	1999	Superoxide stimulated TNF-alpha secretion was inhibited by intracellular Ca2+-buffers (MAPT-AM and BAPT-AM) or VOC operating antagonists (diltiazem and verapamil) and only to a small extent by pharmacological inhibitors of ligand-gated pathways (TMB-8 and SKF 96368).	Superoxides	0-10	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	22-31
10684546-4	1999	Superoxide anion generation was measured by lucigenin chemiluminescence and reduction of cytochrome c, SOD by inhibition of pyrogallol auto-oxidation, and No as nitrite/nitrate fluorometrically using 2-3-diaminonaphthalene as a probe.	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	89-101
10684546-4	1999	Superoxide anion generation was measured by lucigenin chemiluminescence and reduction of cytochrome c, SOD by inhibition of pyrogallol auto-oxidation, and No as nitrite/nitrate fluorometrically using 2-3-diaminonaphthalene as a probe.	Superoxides	0-16	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	103-106
10684546-6	1999	There was a positive correlation between superoxide anion generation and SOD activity (r = 0.65, P &lt;.05; r = 0.70, P &lt;.05 in IMA and SV, respectively) and NO release (r = 0.68, P &lt;.05; r = 0.75, P &lt;.03 in IMA and SV, respectively).	Superoxides	41-57	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	73-76
10603428-0	1999	Involvement of superoxide in acute reaction of angiotensin II in mesenteric microcirculation.	Superoxides	15-25	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	47-61
10603428-4	1999	The acute reaction between Ang II and mesenteric artery induced immediate superoxide (O(2)(-)) production when observed by a chemiluminescence method using the Cypridina luciferin analog.	Superoxides	74-84	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	27-33
10603428-4	1999	The acute reaction between Ang II and mesenteric artery induced immediate superoxide (O(2)(-)) production when observed by a chemiluminescence method using the Cypridina luciferin analog.	Superoxides	86-90	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	27-33
10603428-5	1999	The acute vascular O(2)(-) production on the addition of Ang II contributed to in vitro vascular contraction as it was significantly attenuated by SOD.	Superoxides	19-23	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	57-63
10603428-6	1999	The acute superoxide-producing effect is likely to be specific to Ang II because such significant modification by SOD was not observed for norepinephrine.	Superoxides	10-20	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	66-72
10555159-0	1999	Brain-derived neurotropic factor prevents superoxide anion-induced death of PC12h cells stably expressing TrkB receptor via modulation of reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	42-58	neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Rattus norvegicus	106-110
10533294-5	1999	METHODS: In this study, we measured hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion (O2-) levels after stimulation by IL-1 plus IL-6 in cultured HMCs.	Superoxides	65-81	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	126-130
10533294-5	1999	METHODS: In this study, we measured hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion (O2-) levels after stimulation by IL-1 plus IL-6 in cultured HMCs.	Superoxides	57-59	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	126-130
10533294-5	1999	METHODS: In this study, we measured hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion (O2-) levels after stimulation by IL-1 plus IL-6 in cultured HMCs.	Superoxides	57-59	MKKS centrosomal shuttling protein	Homo sapiens	143-147
10505651-4	1999	Under L-arginine deprivation and IL-1beta stimulation a concentration-dependent release of superoxide was also observed, which was inhibited in the presence of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor nitro-L-argininemethyl-ester.	Superoxides	91-101	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	33-41
10493821-4	1999	The effect of SIN-1 in smooth muscle cells was abrogated by superoxide and peroxynitrite inhibitors, which supports the hypothesis that peroxynitrite is an activating species of PGHS-1.	Superoxides	60-70	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	14-19
10493821-4	1999	The effect of SIN-1 in smooth muscle cells was abrogated by superoxide and peroxynitrite inhibitors, which supports the hypothesis that peroxynitrite is an activating species of PGHS-1.	Superoxides	60-70	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	178-184
10477741-9	1999	Experiments performed with the Src kinase inhibitor, PP1, provide the first evidence that Src kinase activation is required for FcalphaRI-induced production of superoxide anions and provide insight into the mechanism for FcalphaR-mediated activation of downstream oxidant signaling in myeloid cells.	Superoxides	160-177	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	31-34
10477741-9	1999	Experiments performed with the Src kinase inhibitor, PP1, provide the first evidence that Src kinase activation is required for FcalphaRI-induced production of superoxide anions and provide insight into the mechanism for FcalphaR-mediated activation of downstream oxidant signaling in myeloid cells.	Superoxides	160-177	inorganic pyrophosphatase 1	Homo sapiens	53-56
10477741-9	1999	Experiments performed with the Src kinase inhibitor, PP1, provide the first evidence that Src kinase activation is required for FcalphaRI-induced production of superoxide anions and provide insight into the mechanism for FcalphaR-mediated activation of downstream oxidant signaling in myeloid cells.	Superoxides	160-177	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	90-93
11228746-3	1999	TNF-induced NF-kappa B activation was inhibited by both superoxide and lipid peroxide quenchers but potentiated by an hydroxyl radical quencher.	Superoxides	56-66	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	12-22
10436316-4	1999	The cytosolic form of Cu/Zn-SOD appears specialized to remove superoxide produced as a result of injury.	Superoxides	62-72	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	22-31
10503889-1	1999	We previously reported findings that NADPH/cytochrome P450 reductase can generate superoxide anion radical (O2*-) from heterocyclic amines (HCA) and from many anticancer agents in vitro.	Superoxides	82-106	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	37-68
10503889-1	1999	We previously reported findings that NADPH/cytochrome P450 reductase can generate superoxide anion radical (O2*-) from heterocyclic amines (HCA) and from many anticancer agents in vitro.	Superoxides	108-112	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	37-68
10491088-6	1999	The results are consistent with the presence of an active Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase in excretory/secretory product from N. americanus and demonstrate a method for the unequivocal determination of the fate of superoxide anions in the presence of live worms.	Superoxides	209-226	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	58-84
10491133-9	1999	Only SIN-1, which produces peroxynitrite by generating both NO and superoxide anion, decreased the Soret region absorption and the pyridine hemochromogen spectrum of HO-2; superoxide dismutase (SOD) blocked the decrease.	Superoxides	67-83	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	5-10
10490275-0	1999	Superoxide release from interleukin-1B-stimulated human vascular cells: in situ electrochemical measurement.	Superoxides	0-10	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	24-38
10490279-2	1999	Increased rates of superoxide production from paraquat, which were sensitive to superoxide dismutase (SOD), required the presence of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) in the reaction medium, and occurred instantaneously after the addition of NADPH, which is impermeable to cell membranes.	Superoxides	19-29	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	80-100
10490279-2	1999	Increased rates of superoxide production from paraquat, which were sensitive to superoxide dismutase (SOD), required the presence of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) in the reaction medium, and occurred instantaneously after the addition of NADPH, which is impermeable to cell membranes.	Superoxides	19-29	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	102-105
10490279-8	1999	Under these conditions, superoxide production was enhanced with agonists, including interleukin-1beta, A23187, and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.	Superoxides	24-34	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	84-101
10596842-10	1999	alpha1-Protease inhibitor, which inhibits neutrophil elastase, is inactivated by oxidative metabolites such as superoxide and peroxynitrite, and this effect activates matrix metalloproteinases.	Superoxides	111-121	serpin family A member 1	Homo sapiens	0-25
10511400-3	1999	The production of superoxide anion was measured by chemiluminescence amplified by a Cypridina luciferin analogue in the presence of N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP).	Superoxides	18-34	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	132-152
10511400-3	1999	The production of superoxide anion was measured by chemiluminescence amplified by a Cypridina luciferin analogue in the presence of N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP).	Superoxides	18-34	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	154-158
10487305-6	1999	The only parameter that we have found to be different between the 2 groups is the low superoxide production after fMLP stimulation.	Superoxides	86-96	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	114-118
10453032-0	1999	Superoxide attenuates macrophage apoptosis by NF-kappa B and AP-1 activation that promotes cyclooxygenase-2 expression.	Superoxides	0-10	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	46-56
10453032-0	1999	Superoxide attenuates macrophage apoptosis by NF-kappa B and AP-1 activation that promotes cyclooxygenase-2 expression.	Superoxides	0-10	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	91-107
10453032-5	1999	Preactivation with superoxide promoted cyclooxygenase-2 induction that was NF-kappa B and AP-1 mediated.	Superoxides	19-29	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	39-55
10453032-5	1999	Preactivation with superoxide promoted cyclooxygenase-2 induction that was NF-kappa B and AP-1 mediated.	Superoxides	19-29	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	75-85
10453032-8	1999	The importance of AP-1 for superoxide-mediated Cox-2 expression and cell protection was substantiated by using the extracellular signal-regulated kinase-inhibitor PD98059 and the p38-inhibitor SB203580, which blocked Cox-2 expression.	Superoxides	27-37	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	47-52
10453032-8	1999	The importance of AP-1 for superoxide-mediated Cox-2 expression and cell protection was substantiated by using the extracellular signal-regulated kinase-inhibitor PD98059 and the p38-inhibitor SB203580, which blocked Cox-2 expression.	Superoxides	27-37	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	217-222
10453032-10	1999	Protection from apoptosis was verified in human macrophages with the notion that superoxide promoted Cox-2 expression, which in turn attenuated nitric oxide-evoked caspase activation.	Superoxides	81-91	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	101-106
10452867-5	1999	PMNs were isolated and superoxide anion (O(-)(2)) generation (nmol O(-)(2)/3.75 x 10(5) PMNs/min) was measured by reduction of cytochrome c after exposure to fMLP, C5a, or PMA; elastase release (% total PMN elastase content) was measured by cleavage of AAPV-pNA after exposure to fMLP or C5a.	Superoxides	23-39	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	127-139
10452867-5	1999	PMNs were isolated and superoxide anion (O(-)(2)) generation (nmol O(-)(2)/3.75 x 10(5) PMNs/min) was measured by reduction of cytochrome c after exposure to fMLP, C5a, or PMA; elastase release (% total PMN elastase content) was measured by cleavage of AAPV-pNA after exposure to fMLP or C5a.	Superoxides	23-39	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	158-162
10452867-5	1999	PMNs were isolated and superoxide anion (O(-)(2)) generation (nmol O(-)(2)/3.75 x 10(5) PMNs/min) was measured by reduction of cytochrome c after exposure to fMLP, C5a, or PMA; elastase release (% total PMN elastase content) was measured by cleavage of AAPV-pNA after exposure to fMLP or C5a.	Superoxides	23-39	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	164-193
10452867-5	1999	PMNs were isolated and superoxide anion (O(-)(2)) generation (nmol O(-)(2)/3.75 x 10(5) PMNs/min) was measured by reduction of cytochrome c after exposure to fMLP, C5a, or PMA; elastase release (% total PMN elastase content) was measured by cleavage of AAPV-pNA after exposure to fMLP or C5a.	Superoxides	23-39	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	280-284
10452867-5	1999	PMNs were isolated and superoxide anion (O(-)(2)) generation (nmol O(-)(2)/3.75 x 10(5) PMNs/min) was measured by reduction of cytochrome c after exposure to fMLP, C5a, or PMA; elastase release (% total PMN elastase content) was measured by cleavage of AAPV-pNA after exposure to fMLP or C5a.	Superoxides	23-39	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	164-167
10452883-5	1999	Superoxide was generated by the addition of xanthine with xanthine oxidase, while superoxide radicals were scavenged by the addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase.	Superoxides	82-92	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	136-156
10452883-5	1999	Superoxide was generated by the addition of xanthine with xanthine oxidase, while superoxide radicals were scavenged by the addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase.	Superoxides	82-92	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	158-161
10452883-5	1999	Superoxide was generated by the addition of xanthine with xanthine oxidase, while superoxide radicals were scavenged by the addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase.	Superoxides	82-92	catalase	Homo sapiens	167-175
10452883-10	1999	Generation of superoxide increased isometric tension, while pretreatment with SOD prevented the increase in isometric tension induced by superoxide.	Superoxides	137-147	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	78-81
10496147-4	1999	Sections were treated with 3-morpholinosydomine (SIN-1), which releases O2(-*) and NO simultaneously, with or without pre-treatment either with hemoglobin (3 microM) or melatonin (0.1-10 microM).	Superoxides	72-74	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	49-54
10471451-1	1999	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We have demonstrated that copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD), a cytosolic isoenzyme of SODs, has a protective role in the pathogenesis of superoxide radical-mediated brain injury.	Superoxides	171-189	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	84-92
10471451-2	1999	Using mice bearing a disruption of the CuZn-SOD gene (Sod1), the present study was designed to clarify the role of superoxide anion in the pathogenesis of selective vulnerability after transient global ischemia.	Superoxides	115-131	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	39-47
10455184-1	1999	The small GTPase Rac functions as a molecular switch in several important cellular events including cytoskeletal reorganization and activation of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase, the latter of which leads to production of superoxide, a precursor of microbicidal oxidants.	Superoxides	218-228	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	17-20
10453833-6	1999	RESULTS: Superoxide anion generation was reduced in the pregnant group compared with nonpregnant controls [fMLP by 51% (P = 0.03) and zymosan activated serum by 56% (P = 0.01)] but pre-eclamptic measurements did not show a similar reduction.	Superoxides	9-25	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	107-111
10455321-13	1999	Glaucine augmented cyclic AMP levels in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes challenged with N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP) or isoprenaline, and inhibited FMLP-induced superoxide generation, elastase release, leukotriene B4 production, [Ca2+]i signal and platelet aggregation as well as opsonized zymosan-, phorbol myristate acetate-, and A23187-induced superoxide release.	Superoxides	163-173	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	150-154
10455321-13	1999	Glaucine augmented cyclic AMP levels in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes challenged with N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP) or isoprenaline, and inhibited FMLP-induced superoxide generation, elastase release, leukotriene B4 production, [Ca2+]i signal and platelet aggregation as well as opsonized zymosan-, phorbol myristate acetate-, and A23187-induced superoxide release.	Superoxides	349-359	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	150-154
10455321-14	1999	The inhibitory effect of glaucine on superoxide generation by FMLP was reduced by H-89.	Superoxides	37-47	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	62-66
10415149-11	1999	The protection of mitochondria by overproduction of CuZnSOD is consistent with the involvement of superoxide or superoxide-derived ROS in the mitochondrial dysfunction caused by brain GSH depletion.	Superoxides	98-108	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	52-59
10415149-11	1999	The protection of mitochondria by overproduction of CuZnSOD is consistent with the involvement of superoxide or superoxide-derived ROS in the mitochondrial dysfunction caused by brain GSH depletion.	Superoxides	112-122	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	52-59
10381591-18	1999	In addition, SIN-1 and LY 83583 exert cyclic GMP-independent positive inotropic effects, which require the generation of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	121-137	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	13-18
10559793-7	1999	Previous work has demonstrated that extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD) can lower superoxide generation; this is the first report that intracellular SOD could also modify the amount of superoxide production from the cells.	Superoxides	87-97	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	50-70
10559793-7	1999	Previous work has demonstrated that extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD) can lower superoxide generation; this is the first report that intracellular SOD could also modify the amount of superoxide production from the cells.	Superoxides	87-97	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	72-75
10559793-7	1999	Previous work has demonstrated that extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD) can lower superoxide generation; this is the first report that intracellular SOD could also modify the amount of superoxide production from the cells.	Superoxides	87-97	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	154-157
10446154-1	1999	Copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) protects cells against oxidative hazards by the dismutation of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	12-22	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	34-38
10446400-7	1999	GGTS dose-dependently elevated [Ca(2+)](i), induced quenching of the 360 nm Fura-2-calcium fluorescence by Mn(2+) and stimulated superoxide release, while GTS and FTS-Me were inactive.	Superoxides	129-139	GTS	Homo sapiens	1-4
10480324-5	1999	Initially, we investigated the protective effect of extracellular SOD secreted from these transformed cells (IS(2)-L2 and IS(2)-FR cells) on extracellular superoxide anion (xanthine/xanthine oxidase; X/XO treatment)-induced cytotoxicity in normal cells.	Superoxides	155-171	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	66-69
10480324-12	1999	These results indicated a protective effect of transfection with secretable SOD genes against extracellular superoxide anion-induced cytotoxicity although no such protective effect was observed against the intracellular cytotoxicity generated by paraquat treatment.	Superoxides	108-124	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	76-79
10443798-2	1999	The prevention of such biological damage can be achieved by dismutation of superoxide to H2O2 which in turn is removed by catalase and GSH peroxidase.	Superoxides	75-85	catalase	Mus musculus	122-130
10393079-1	1999	It is commonly assumed that activation of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase requires the formation of a stable complex between flavocytochrome b-245 (the gp91phox/p22phox heterodimer) and the cytosolic cofactors p47phox, p67phox and Rac2.	Superoxides	46-56	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	239-243
10391884-0	1999	Thiols mediate superoxide-dependent NADH modification of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.	Superoxides	15-25	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	57-97
10440583-0	1999	The role of superoxide radical in TNF-alpha induced NF-kappaB activation.	Superoxides	12-30	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	34-43
10440583-0	1999	The role of superoxide radical in TNF-alpha induced NF-kappaB activation.	Superoxides	12-30	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	52-61
11228746-3	1999	TNF-induced NF-kappa B activation was inhibited by both superoxide and lipid peroxide quenchers but potentiated by an hydroxyl radical quencher.	Superoxides	56-66	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
10455262-4	1999	Pretreatment with Cu/Zn SOD (250 u ml(-1)) blocked this augmentation suggesting that it arose paradoxically through destruction of nitric oxide by superoxide anion.	Superoxides	147-163	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	18-27
10484661-5	1999	NO and superoxide formation as well as NOS stability are finely regulated by Ca2+/calmodulin interactions, by the cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin, and by substrate availability.	Superoxides	7-17	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	82-92
10489120-6	1999	SIN-1, on the other hand, generates NO and the superoxide anion which, in turn, generated peroxynitrite which was then converted to the hydroxyl radical.	Superoxides	47-63	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
10450791-6	1999	CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that elevated levels of insulin do not affect the NADPH-oxidase activity but, together with superoxide anions, interfere with myeloperoxidase availability and a subsequent myeloperoxidase-dependent generation of reactive oxygen metabolites in fMet-Leu-Phe-stimulated normal human neutrophils.	Superoxides	127-144	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	161-176
10450791-6	1999	CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that elevated levels of insulin do not affect the NADPH-oxidase activity but, together with superoxide anions, interfere with myeloperoxidase availability and a subsequent myeloperoxidase-dependent generation of reactive oxygen metabolites in fMet-Leu-Phe-stimulated normal human neutrophils.	Superoxides	127-144	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	207-222
10485329-3	1999	Endogenous protein phosphorylation pattern is inhibited in TNF-alpha induced neutrophil in Ca-dependent and Ca-independent manner, including a major 47 and 66 kDa cytosolic proteins, which may be implicated in superoxide anion generation.	Superoxides	210-226	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	59-68
10527884-3	1999	Whole AchE and the AchE recombinant catalytic subunit inhibited PMN superoxide anion (O2-) generation.	Superoxides	68-84	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	6-10
10527884-3	1999	Whole AchE and the AchE recombinant catalytic subunit inhibited PMN superoxide anion (O2-) generation.	Superoxides	68-84	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	19-23
10527884-3	1999	Whole AchE and the AchE recombinant catalytic subunit inhibited PMN superoxide anion (O2-) generation.	Superoxides	86-88	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	6-10
10527884-3	1999	Whole AchE and the AchE recombinant catalytic subunit inhibited PMN superoxide anion (O2-) generation.	Superoxides	86-88	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	19-23
10527884-4	1999	AchE synthetic peptides, residues 139-154 and 252-266 of the catalytic subunit, with sequence homology to that of the alpha3(IV) peptide also inhibited O2- production by PMN.	Superoxides	152-154	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	0-4
10527884-6	1999	The data show that the non-collagenous domain of the AchE down-regulates O2- production by PMN.	Superoxides	73-75	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	53-57
10547881-8	1999	However, owing to Mn-SOD activity decrease the ratio V/A, showing the level of superoxide radicals in subcellular organelles grows 3-fold.	Superoxides	79-89	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	18-24
10366759-3	1999	Previously, we reported that exposing human dermal fibroblasts to UVA in the presence of AGEs that were prepared with bovine serum albumin (BSA) decreased the cell viability due to superoxide anion radical s (.O2(-)) and hydroxyl radicals (.OH) generated by AGEs under UVA irradiation, and active oxygen species are detected with ESR spin-trapping.	Superoxides	181-205	albumin	Homo sapiens	125-138
10393242-1	1999	The Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide radicals produced from biological oxidation and environmental stresses.	Superoxides	67-86	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	32-36
10377187-2	1999	At concentrations as low as 1-10 nM, the LXA4 and ATL analogues each inhibited TNF-alpha-stimulated superoxide anion generation and IL-1beta release by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.	Superoxides	100-116	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	79-88
10364470-3	1999	An-I, An-Ia, and TB-III suppressed the superoxide generations induced by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) and arachidonic acid (AA) in a concentration-dependent manner, but enhanced that induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).	Superoxides	39-49	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	114-118
10364470-4	1999	While TB-II also suppressed and enhanced the superoxide generations induced by fMLP and PMA, respectively, the compound significantly enhanced the AA-induced superoxide generation.	Superoxides	45-55	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	79-83
10364470-5	1999	TB-I enhanced the fMLP-induced superoxide generation in a low concentration range (peak at 40 microM), gave no effect on the PMA-induced superoxide generation and weakly enhanced the AA-induced superoxide generation.	Superoxides	31-41	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	18-22
10364470-6	1999	TA-III enhanced the fMLP-induced superoxide generation more than twice as much as that by TB-I in the same concentration range.	Superoxides	33-43	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	20-24
10359739-5	1999	Both H2O2- and O2--induced apoptosis of cardiomyocytes were associated with an increase in p53 protein content, whereas protein levels of Bax and Bcl-2 were unaltered.	Superoxides	7-9	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	91-94
10362602-4	1999	Both superoxide (generated by xanthine oxidase plus hypoxanthine) and hydrogen peroxide were potent inducers of PAI-1, and hydroxyl radical scavengers completely abolished the TNF-alpha induction of PAI-1.	Superoxides	5-15	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	176-185
10362713-5	1999	Superoxide anions (O-2), but not hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), increased IL-6 production.	Superoxides	0-17	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	69-73
10362713-5	1999	Superoxide anions (O-2), but not hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), increased IL-6 production.	Superoxides	19-22	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	69-73
10533605-10	1999	Superoxide production in the myocardium was significantly higher in the IL-1 beta group than in the control group at day 2 (p &lt; 0.01), and OPC-6535 significantly suppressed the IL-1 beta-induced superoxide production (p &lt; 0.01).	Superoxides	0-10	interleukin 1 beta	Canis lupus familiaris	72-81
10533605-10	1999	Superoxide production in the myocardium was significantly higher in the IL-1 beta group than in the control group at day 2 (p &lt; 0.01), and OPC-6535 significantly suppressed the IL-1 beta-induced superoxide production (p &lt; 0.01).	Superoxides	0-10	interleukin 1 beta	Canis lupus familiaris	180-189
10533605-10	1999	Superoxide production in the myocardium was significantly higher in the IL-1 beta group than in the control group at day 2 (p &lt; 0.01), and OPC-6535 significantly suppressed the IL-1 beta-induced superoxide production (p &lt; 0.01).	Superoxides	198-208	interleukin 1 beta	Canis lupus familiaris	72-81
10533605-10	1999	Superoxide production in the myocardium was significantly higher in the IL-1 beta group than in the control group at day 2 (p &lt; 0.01), and OPC-6535 significantly suppressed the IL-1 beta-induced superoxide production (p &lt; 0.01).	Superoxides	198-208	interleukin 1 beta	Canis lupus familiaris	180-189
10533605-11	1999	An HPLC assay showed that nitrotyrosine, a marker of the formation of peroxynitrite by superoxide anion and nitric oxide, was present in the myocardium treated with IL-1 beta but not in that with control MS. OPC-6535 abolished the IL-1 beta-induced formation of myocardial nitrotyrosine.	Superoxides	87-103	interleukin 1 beta	Canis lupus familiaris	165-174
10378896-7	1999	Superoxide release stimulated by FMLP was inhibited partially by PD98059 or SB203580, a specific inhibitor of ERK or p38 pathway, and was almost completely inhibited by the combination of both inhibitors, whereas PMA-induced superoxide release was resistant to these two inhibitors in monocytes.	Superoxides	0-10	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
10378896-7	1999	Superoxide release stimulated by FMLP was inhibited partially by PD98059 or SB203580, a specific inhibitor of ERK or p38 pathway, and was almost completely inhibited by the combination of both inhibitors, whereas PMA-induced superoxide release was resistant to these two inhibitors in monocytes.	Superoxides	0-10	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	110-113
10378896-7	1999	Superoxide release stimulated by FMLP was inhibited partially by PD98059 or SB203580, a specific inhibitor of ERK or p38 pathway, and was almost completely inhibited by the combination of both inhibitors, whereas PMA-induced superoxide release was resistant to these two inhibitors in monocytes.	Superoxides	0-10	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	117-120
10378896-7	1999	Superoxide release stimulated by FMLP was inhibited partially by PD98059 or SB203580, a specific inhibitor of ERK or p38 pathway, and was almost completely inhibited by the combination of both inhibitors, whereas PMA-induced superoxide release was resistant to these two inhibitors in monocytes.	Superoxides	225-235	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
10380907-4	1999	Our results indicate that SP primes two distinct pathways with respect to the induction of reactive oxygen species in the human neutrophil: the production of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide by the calmodulin-dependent NADPH oxidase, and the generation of NO by a constitutive NO synthase.	Superoxides	158-174	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	26-28
10380907-6	1999	These results give insight into distinct signal transduction pathways in the SP-primed neutrophil with respect to the formation of superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and NO.	Superoxides	131-147	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	77-79
10443513-11	1999	Endothelin-1 may be involved in the plasma-mediated stimulation of neutrophil superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	78-94	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	0-12
11228746-5	1999	TNF-induced JNK activation, similar to NF-kappa B, was inhibited by both superoxide and lipid peroxide quenchers but potentiated by hydroxyl radical quencher.	Superoxides	73-83	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
11228746-5	1999	TNF-induced JNK activation, similar to NF-kappa B, was inhibited by both superoxide and lipid peroxide quenchers but potentiated by hydroxyl radical quencher.	Superoxides	73-83	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	12-15
11228746-5	1999	TNF-induced JNK activation, similar to NF-kappa B, was inhibited by both superoxide and lipid peroxide quenchers but potentiated by hydroxyl radical quencher.	Superoxides	73-83	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	39-49
11228746-7	1999	TNF cytotoxicity, however, was potentiated by superoxide radical quenchers and suppressed by hydroxyl radical and lipid peroxide quenchers.	Superoxides	46-56	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
11228746-8	1999	Overall, these results suggest that hydroxyl radicals mediate TNF-induced apoptosis but not activation of NF-kappa B, AP-1, and JNK; superoxide radicals mediate NF-kappa B and JNK activation but potentiate apoptosis; and lipid peroxides are required for all the signals induced by TNF.	Superoxides	133-143	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	161-171
11228746-8	1999	Overall, these results suggest that hydroxyl radicals mediate TNF-induced apoptosis but not activation of NF-kappa B, AP-1, and JNK; superoxide radicals mediate NF-kappa B and JNK activation but potentiate apoptosis; and lipid peroxides are required for all the signals induced by TNF.	Superoxides	133-143	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	176-179
10329680-1	1999	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is the only known extracellular enzyme designed to scavenge the superoxide anion.	Superoxides	108-124	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	0-34
10329680-1	1999	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is the only known extracellular enzyme designed to scavenge the superoxide anion.	Superoxides	108-124	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-42
10318800-6	1999	In contrast, the superoxide radical seemed to bypass the intermediate state since NADPH had very little ability to prevent the superoxide radical from converting catalase to compound II.	Superoxides	127-145	catalase	Homo sapiens	162-170
10369472-2	1999	In the presence of cytochalasin B (CB), C5a induced a dose-dependent release of the granular eosinophil peroxidase (EPO), but not O2-, whereas in the absence of CB O2- , but not EPO, was released.	Superoxides	130-132	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	40-43
10369472-2	1999	In the presence of cytochalasin B (CB), C5a induced a dose-dependent release of the granular eosinophil peroxidase (EPO), but not O2-, whereas in the absence of CB O2- , but not EPO, was released.	Superoxides	164-166	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	40-43
10335439-1	1999	Previous work has shown a sensitive inhibition of prostacyclin synthase activity by peroxynitrite as well as by superoxide in the presence of NO donors.	Superoxides	112-122	prostaglandin I2 synthase	Homo sapiens	50-71
10334816-0	1999	Paracrine role of adventitial superoxide anion in mediating spontaneous tone of the isolated rat aorta in angiotensin II-induced hypertension.	Superoxides	30-46	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	106-120
10391884-9	1999	Thus, linkage of GAPDH to NADH, in contrast to NAD, occurs in the presence of thiol, is independent of NO, and is mediated by superoxide.	Superoxides	126-136	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	17-22
10369561-8	1999	Because superoxide dismutase and catalase, which remove superoxide anion, decreased the augmented death of glucose-deprived immunostimulated CGC, the reaction of NO with superoxide to form peroxynitrite appears to be implicated in the potentiated neurotoxicity.	Superoxides	56-72	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	33-41
10329352-1	1999	Reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates (ROI, RNI), such as superoxide anion, nitric oxide (NO) and peroxynitrite, are present in villous trophoblasts and mediate TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis in other cell types.	Superoxides	63-79	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	166-175
10209008-1	1999	BACKGROUND: Angiotensin II activates NAD(P)H-dependent oxidases via AT1-receptor stimulation, the most important vascular source of superoxide (O2*-).	Superoxides	132-142	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	12-26
10209008-1	1999	BACKGROUND: Angiotensin II activates NAD(P)H-dependent oxidases via AT1-receptor stimulation, the most important vascular source of superoxide (O2*-).	Superoxides	144-147	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	12-26
10191264-1	1999	Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) catalyses the dismutation of superoxide radicals and neutralizes the oxidative effects of various chemicals.	Superoxides	6-16	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	28-32
10218477-6	1999	Additionally, Northern blot analysis showed that transforming growth factor-beta1, a key factor responsible for myocardial fibrosis, was upregulated in cardiac fibroblasts in response to superoxide stimulation.	Superoxides	187-197	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	49-81
11225733-2	1999	We have previously shown that selective activation of RyR/Ca2+ release channel by superoxide anion radical (O2.-) is dependent of the presence of calmodulin and identified calmodulin as a functional mediator of O2.- -triggered Ca2+ release through the RyR/Ca2+ release channel of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR).	Superoxides	82-106	ryanodine receptor 1	Homo sapiens	54-57
11225733-2	1999	We have previously shown that selective activation of RyR/Ca2+ release channel by superoxide anion radical (O2.-) is dependent of the presence of calmodulin and identified calmodulin as a functional mediator of O2.- -triggered Ca2+ release through the RyR/Ca2+ release channel of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR).	Superoxides	82-106	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	146-156
11225733-2	1999	We have previously shown that selective activation of RyR/Ca2+ release channel by superoxide anion radical (O2.-) is dependent of the presence of calmodulin and identified calmodulin as a functional mediator of O2.- -triggered Ca2+ release through the RyR/Ca2+ release channel of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR).	Superoxides	82-106	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	172-182
11225733-2	1999	We have previously shown that selective activation of RyR/Ca2+ release channel by superoxide anion radical (O2.-) is dependent of the presence of calmodulin and identified calmodulin as a functional mediator of O2.- -triggered Ca2+ release through the RyR/Ca2+ release channel of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR).	Superoxides	82-106	ryanodine receptor 1	Homo sapiens	252-255
11225733-2	1999	We have previously shown that selective activation of RyR/Ca2+ release channel by superoxide anion radical (O2.-) is dependent of the presence of calmodulin and identified calmodulin as a functional mediator of O2.- -triggered Ca2+ release through the RyR/Ca2+ release channel of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR).	Superoxides	108-110	ryanodine receptor 1	Homo sapiens	54-57
11225733-2	1999	We have previously shown that selective activation of RyR/Ca2+ release channel by superoxide anion radical (O2.-) is dependent of the presence of calmodulin and identified calmodulin as a functional mediator of O2.- -triggered Ca2+ release through the RyR/Ca2+ release channel of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR).	Superoxides	108-110	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	146-156
11225733-2	1999	We have previously shown that selective activation of RyR/Ca2+ release channel by superoxide anion radical (O2.-) is dependent of the presence of calmodulin and identified calmodulin as a functional mediator of O2.- -triggered Ca2+ release through the RyR/Ca2+ release channel of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR).	Superoxides	108-110	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	172-182
11225733-2	1999	We have previously shown that selective activation of RyR/Ca2+ release channel by superoxide anion radical (O2.-) is dependent of the presence of calmodulin and identified calmodulin as a functional mediator of O2.- -triggered Ca2+ release through the RyR/Ca2+ release channel of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR).	Superoxides	108-110	ryanodine receptor 1	Homo sapiens	252-255
11225733-2	1999	We have previously shown that selective activation of RyR/Ca2+ release channel by superoxide anion radical (O2.-) is dependent of the presence of calmodulin and identified calmodulin as a functional mediator of O2.- -triggered Ca2+ release through the RyR/Ca2+ release channel of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR).	Superoxides	211-213	ryanodine receptor 1	Homo sapiens	54-57
11225733-2	1999	We have previously shown that selective activation of RyR/Ca2+ release channel by superoxide anion radical (O2.-) is dependent of the presence of calmodulin and identified calmodulin as a functional mediator of O2.- -triggered Ca2+ release through the RyR/Ca2+ release channel of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR).	Superoxides	211-213	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	172-182
11225733-2	1999	We have previously shown that selective activation of RyR/Ca2+ release channel by superoxide anion radical (O2.-) is dependent of the presence of calmodulin and identified calmodulin as a functional mediator of O2.- -triggered Ca2+ release through the RyR/Ca2+ release channel of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR).	Superoxides	211-213	ryanodine receptor 1	Homo sapiens	252-255
11225733-5	1999	When heart homogenate was incubated with O2.-, conversion of NAD+ into cADPR was stimulated; the reduction of homogenate Ca2+ uptake (by increasing Ca2+ efflux through RyR/Ca2+ release channel) occurred.	Superoxides	41-43	ryanodine receptor 1	Homo sapiens	168-171
10195945-4	1999	The reduction in superoxide and lipid oxidation by AT seemed to be mediated by inhibition of protein kinase C. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism(s) by which AT inhibits IL-1 beta release.	Superoxides	17-27	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	190-199
10223197-5	1999	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase inhibited AP-1 activation induced by vanadate, indicating the involvement of superoxide anion radical (O2-*), hydroxyl radical (*OH) and/or H2O2 in the mechanism of vanadate-induced AP-1 activation.	Superoxides	117-141	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
10223197-5	1999	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase inhibited AP-1 activation induced by vanadate, indicating the involvement of superoxide anion radical (O2-*), hydroxyl radical (*OH) and/or H2O2 in the mechanism of vanadate-induced AP-1 activation.	Superoxides	117-141	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	50-54
10202371-0	1999	Endothelial cells upregulate eosinophil superoxide generation via VCAM-1 expression.	Superoxides	40-50	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	66-72
10202371-1	1999	BACKGROUND: In vitro eosinophil (EOS) adhesion to recombinant human (rh)-vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 stimulates superoxide anion (O2-) generation and enhances formyl-methionyl-leucyl phenylalanine (FMLP)-activated O2- generation.	Superoxides	125-141	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	73-113
10202371-1	1999	BACKGROUND: In vitro eosinophil (EOS) adhesion to recombinant human (rh)-vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 stimulates superoxide anion (O2-) generation and enhances formyl-methionyl-leucyl phenylalanine (FMLP)-activated O2- generation.	Superoxides	143-145	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	73-113
10202371-8	1999	Furthermore, enhanced O2- generation, but not adhesion, associated with IL-4 + TNFalpha-treatment of HUVEC was inhibited when EOS were treated with the platelet activating factor (PAF)-antagonist WEB 2086 (20 microM), thus suggesting an involvement of PAF in priming EOS.	Superoxides	22-24	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	72-76
10202371-8	1999	Furthermore, enhanced O2- generation, but not adhesion, associated with IL-4 + TNFalpha-treatment of HUVEC was inhibited when EOS were treated with the platelet activating factor (PAF)-antagonist WEB 2086 (20 microM), thus suggesting an involvement of PAF in priming EOS.	Superoxides	22-24	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	79-87
10101223-10	1999	Neutrophils activation of phospholipase D (PLD) and superoxide generation in response to IL-8 have also been demonstrated.	Superoxides	52-62	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	89-93
10232835-10	1999	The observed lack of increased peroxidase activity is consistent with mitochondrially-generated superoxide anion radical contributing to the mechanism of TNF-induced apoptosis.	Superoxides	96-120	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	154-157
10232844-2	1999	The cells, isolated and cultured from human oral tissues, were treated with STE (0-300 microl;g/ml) for 24 h. Superoxide anion production was determined by cytochrome c reductase.	Superoxides	110-126	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	156-168
10213272-0	1999	Src-family kinase-p53/ Lyn p56 plays an important role in TNF-alpha-stimulated production of O2- by human neutrophils adherent to fibrinogen.	Superoxides	93-95	FGR proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	0-3
10213272-0	1999	Src-family kinase-p53/ Lyn p56 plays an important role in TNF-alpha-stimulated production of O2- by human neutrophils adherent to fibrinogen.	Superoxides	93-95	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	18-21
10213272-0	1999	Src-family kinase-p53/ Lyn p56 plays an important role in TNF-alpha-stimulated production of O2- by human neutrophils adherent to fibrinogen.	Superoxides	93-95	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	58-67
10213272-0	1999	Src-family kinase-p53/ Lyn p56 plays an important role in TNF-alpha-stimulated production of O2- by human neutrophils adherent to fibrinogen.	Superoxides	93-95	fibrinogen beta chain	Homo sapiens	130-140
10213272-5	1999	Our results demonstrated that, in neutrophils adherent to fibrinogen, PP1 inhibited TNFalpha-stimulated superoxide production and protein tyrosine phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	104-114	fibrinogen beta chain	Homo sapiens	58-68
10213272-5	1999	Our results demonstrated that, in neutrophils adherent to fibrinogen, PP1 inhibited TNFalpha-stimulated superoxide production and protein tyrosine phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	104-114	inorganic pyrophosphatase 1	Homo sapiens	70-73
10213272-5	1999	Our results demonstrated that, in neutrophils adherent to fibrinogen, PP1 inhibited TNFalpha-stimulated superoxide production and protein tyrosine phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	104-114	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	84-92
10098850-5	1999	IL-10 inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha production, lysosomal enzyme activity, and superoxide anion production in a dose-dependent manner, but did not affect granulocyte/ macrophage colony-stimulating factor-dependent proliferation of microglia.	Superoxides	127-143	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	0-5
10066436-1	1999	Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide radicals produced from biological oxidation and environmental stresses.	Superoxides	6-16	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	28-32
10049498-2	1999	When the cells were preincubated with D-CK, the superoxide generation induced by arachidonic acid (AA), phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) were enhanced, showing a dependence on D-CK concentration.	Superoxides	48-58	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	188-192
10049498-4	1999	On the contrary, L-CK largely enhanced the fMLP-induced superoxide generation, whereas it showed no effect on those induced by AA and PMA.	Superoxides	56-66	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	43-47
10049498-6	1999	Genistein suppressed the fMLP-induced superoxide generation in the L-CK-treated cells more efficiently than that in the D-CK-treated cells.	Superoxides	38-48	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	25-29
9895225-6	1999	In addition, generation of superoxide was indicated by the gentamicin-stimulated reduction of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	27-37	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	94-106
10363748-7	1999	MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Superoxide production in PMN induced by fMLP (a receptor ligand) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), which acts directly on protein kinase C. RESULTS: fMLP-induced superoxide generation in the malnourished patients was 55+/-5% of that of the controls.	Superoxides	23-33	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	63-67
10363748-7	1999	MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Superoxide production in PMN induced by fMLP (a receptor ligand) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), which acts directly on protein kinase C. RESULTS: fMLP-induced superoxide generation in the malnourished patients was 55+/-5% of that of the controls.	Superoxides	23-33	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	175-179
10363748-7	1999	MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Superoxide production in PMN induced by fMLP (a receptor ligand) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), which acts directly on protein kinase C. RESULTS: fMLP-induced superoxide generation in the malnourished patients was 55+/-5% of that of the controls.	Superoxides	188-198	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	63-67
10363748-7	1999	MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Superoxide production in PMN induced by fMLP (a receptor ligand) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), which acts directly on protein kinase C. RESULTS: fMLP-induced superoxide generation in the malnourished patients was 55+/-5% of that of the controls.	Superoxides	188-198	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	175-179
10363748-9	1999	In those who received formula supplementation, fMLP-generated *O2- production levels were 48+/-8 and 73+/-13% (P = 0.12) of those of controls at the start and after 3 months, respectively.	Superoxides	63-65	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	47-51
9952318-3	1999	We concluded that cis-platinum accelerated the generation of superoxide anion in the cells, and the superoxide anion produced was converted into H2O by the cooperative roles of catalase and Cu,Zn-SOD.	Superoxides	100-116	catalase	Homo sapiens	177-185
9952318-3	1999	We concluded that cis-platinum accelerated the generation of superoxide anion in the cells, and the superoxide anion produced was converted into H2O by the cooperative roles of catalase and Cu,Zn-SOD.	Superoxides	100-116	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	190-199
10218656-4	1999	In aerated buffer (pH 7) the nitrite-dependent oxidation of NAD(P)H by LPO/H2O2 produced superoxide radical, O2*-, which was detected as a DMPO/*O2H adduct.	Superoxides	89-107	lactoperoxidase	Homo sapiens	71-74
10218656-4	1999	In aerated buffer (pH 7) the nitrite-dependent oxidation of NAD(P)H by LPO/H2O2 produced superoxide radical, O2*-, which was detected as a DMPO/*O2H adduct.	Superoxides	77-79	lactoperoxidase	Homo sapiens	71-74
10069678-2	1999	It was recently suggested that the endothelium may influence the actions of angiotensin II by production of, for example, nitric oxide and superoxide.	Superoxides	139-149	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	76-90
10229110-5	1999	Superoxide dismutase inhibited the effect of SIN-1, which indicates a role for superoxide, and contradicts a role for its dismutation product, hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	79-89	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	45-50
10229110-9	1999	On the other hand, the simultaneous production of superoxide, as achieved with the NO-donor SIN-1, negated the inhibitory effect of NO.	Superoxides	50-60	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	92-97
10398565-11	1999	SIN-1 could be useful as a source of oxidant for the characterization of antioxidant behaviour in a system where superoxide and nitric oxide are simultaneously generated.	Superoxides	113-123	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
9988743-8	1999	Comparison of the extent of CuZn-SOD inhibition of native and succinoylated cytochrome c reduction by cell-bound XO indicated that XO-dependent superoxide production was occurring in a cell compartment inaccessible to CuZn-SOD.	Superoxides	144-154	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	76-88
10049713-5	1999	Simulation based on the mechanism suggested revealed that the likely value for the rate constant of the primary step between luminol and superoxide anion radicals producing luminol radicals is 5x10(2)-1x10(3) M-1s-1.	Superoxides	137-162	tumor associated calcium signal transducer 2	Homo sapiens	209-215
9986706-5	1999	The reaction leads also to the formation of single-electron reduced products and concomitantly superoxide anion radicals as shown by coupling the reaction to the reduction of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	95-120	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	175-187
10027302-6	1999	Electron spin resonance (ESR) revealed that superoxide-scavenging ability of cell lysates of the QR clone with high level of Mn-SOD was significantly higher than that with low level of the antioxidative enzyme in the presence of potassium cyanide, an inhibitor for copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) (P&lt;0.001).	Superoxides	44-54	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	125-131
10027302-6	1999	Electron spin resonance (ESR) revealed that superoxide-scavenging ability of cell lysates of the QR clone with high level of Mn-SOD was significantly higher than that with low level of the antioxidative enzyme in the presence of potassium cyanide, an inhibitor for copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) (P&lt;0.001).	Superoxides	44-54	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	299-307
10188990-1	1999	Peroxynitrite, a potent oxidant formed by the reaction of nitric oxide and superoxide causes thymocyte necrosis, in part, via activation of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase (PARS).	Superoxides	75-85	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	159-186
10102942-4	1999	In addition to large amounts of nitric oxide (NO), injurious peroxynitrite may be formed in the epithelium by the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which is considered to elicit cytotoxicity by the generation of superoxide with reduced L-arginine availability.	Superoxides	218-228	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	114-145
10102942-4	1999	In addition to large amounts of nitric oxide (NO), injurious peroxynitrite may be formed in the epithelium by the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which is considered to elicit cytotoxicity by the generation of superoxide with reduced L-arginine availability.	Superoxides	218-228	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	147-151
10102942-9	1999	Selective inhibitors of iNOS activity, as well as topical L-arginine, may therefore prove beneficial in inflammatory bowel disease by reducing the production of superoxide by iNOS, while only the former option may be expected to reduce diarrhoea in chronic inflammatory bowel disorders.	Superoxides	161-171	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	24-28
10102942-9	1999	Selective inhibitors of iNOS activity, as well as topical L-arginine, may therefore prove beneficial in inflammatory bowel disease by reducing the production of superoxide by iNOS, while only the former option may be expected to reduce diarrhoea in chronic inflammatory bowel disorders.	Superoxides	161-171	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	175-179
10202994-9	1999	The drug also reduced LTB4 and superoxide anion production in granulocytes stimulated by zymosan or fMLP.	Superoxides	31-47	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	100-104
10102555-6	1999	RESULTS: Incubation with 1 mM putrescine for 1 hour inhibited superoxide production by TNF-primed PMNs by 20%, but enhanced the production of superoxide by unprimed cells by 38%.	Superoxides	62-72	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	87-90
10088607-3	1999	Trp-Lys-Tyr-Met-Val-D-Met (WKYMVm), a peptide that stimulates phosphoinositide (PI) hydrolysis in human leukocytes, including monocytes, binds to a unique cell surface receptor and stimulates superoxide generation, killing of Staphylococcus aureus, and activation of phospholipase D (PLD) in human monocytes.	Superoxides	192-202	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	284-287
10088607-7	1999	We suggest that the peptide stimulates PLD downstream of PLC activation and PLD activation in turn is essential for the peptide-induced immunological functions such as the superoxide generation and killing of bacteria by human monocytes.	Superoxides	172-182	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	39-42
10088607-7	1999	We suggest that the peptide stimulates PLD downstream of PLC activation and PLD activation in turn is essential for the peptide-induced immunological functions such as the superoxide generation and killing of bacteria by human monocytes.	Superoxides	172-182	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	76-79
9882616-1	1999	Incubation of human neutrophils with a chemotactic peptide [N-formylmethionyl-leucylphenylalanine (fMLP)] gave rise to an increase in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activity, phosphorylation of p47phox and superoxide-anion (O2(-)) generation in the same fMLP-concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	212-222	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	99-103
10189943-6	1999	Superoxide anion generation induced by fMLP in cytochalasin B-treated cells primed with PAF was not inhibited by the aqueous fraction.	Superoxides	0-16	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	39-43
9890990-3	1999	The expression of SP-22 protein was enhanced by about 1.5-4.6-fold when bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) were exposed to various oxidative stresses, including mitochondrial respiratory inhibitors which increased the superoxide generation in BAEC mitochondria.	Superoxides	222-232	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Rattus norvegicus	18-23
9882464-1	1999	SIN-1 has been used, in vitro, to simultaneously generate nitric oxide (*NO) and superoxide (O*-2).	Superoxides	81-91	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
9882616-1	1999	Incubation of human neutrophils with a chemotactic peptide [N-formylmethionyl-leucylphenylalanine (fMLP)] gave rise to an increase in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activity, phosphorylation of p47phox and superoxide-anion (O2(-)) generation in the same fMLP-concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	230-232	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	99-103
10667354-0	1999	Involvement of protein kinase C, p38 MAP kinase and ERK in arachidonic acid-stimulated superoxide production in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	87-97	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	33-36
9885230-7	1999	TNF-alpha-induced caspase activation was accompanied by a decrease in the ability of neutrophils to release superoxide anion.	Superoxides	108-124	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-9
9885230-8	1999	Conversely, TNF-alpha treatment in the presence of zVAD-fmk caused a prolonged augmentation of superoxide release.	Superoxides	95-105	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	12-21
10667354-0	1999	Involvement of protein kinase C, p38 MAP kinase and ERK in arachidonic acid-stimulated superoxide production in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	87-97	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	52-55
10052121-4	1999	Such proteins as bovine serum albumin (BSA) and ovalbumin also inhibited the autoxidation of ASA, therefore it seems that non-specific interaction between ASA and such proteins as catalase and BSA might stabilize ASA and that the non-enzymatic superoxide anion scavenging ability of proteins might be involved.	Superoxides	244-260	catalase	Homo sapiens	180-188
10672232-3	1999	These findings indicate that MnSOD is required to maintain the integrity of mitochondrial enzymes susceptible to direct inactivation by superoxide.	Superoxides	136-146	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	29-34
9864179-9	1999	GM-CSF- or TNF-induced superoxide (O2-) release was inhibited by p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting the possible involvement of p38 MAPK in GM-CSF- or TNF-induced O2- release.	Superoxides	23-33	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	11-14
9864179-9	1999	GM-CSF- or TNF-induced superoxide (O2-) release was inhibited by p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting the possible involvement of p38 MAPK in GM-CSF- or TNF-induced O2- release.	Superoxides	23-33	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	65-68
10051154-2	1999	The hypothesis that endogenous superoxide dismutase (SOD) protects the nitrergic transmitter from inactivation by superoxide and that this explains the lack of sensitivity of the transmitter to superoxide generators was tested in the rat isolated anococcygeus muscle.	Superoxides	31-41	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	53-56
9864179-9	1999	GM-CSF- or TNF-induced superoxide (O2-) release was inhibited by p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting the possible involvement of p38 MAPK in GM-CSF- or TNF-induced O2- release.	Superoxides	23-33	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	162-165
9864179-9	1999	GM-CSF- or TNF-induced superoxide (O2-) release was inhibited by p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting the possible involvement of p38 MAPK in GM-CSF- or TNF-induced O2- release.	Superoxides	35-37	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	11-14
9864179-9	1999	GM-CSF- or TNF-induced superoxide (O2-) release was inhibited by p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting the possible involvement of p38 MAPK in GM-CSF- or TNF-induced O2- release.	Superoxides	35-37	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	65-68
9864179-9	1999	GM-CSF- or TNF-induced superoxide (O2-) release was inhibited by p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting the possible involvement of p38 MAPK in GM-CSF- or TNF-induced O2- release.	Superoxides	35-37	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	162-165
10051154-2	1999	The hypothesis that endogenous superoxide dismutase (SOD) protects the nitrergic transmitter from inactivation by superoxide and that this explains the lack of sensitivity of the transmitter to superoxide generators was tested in the rat isolated anococcygeus muscle.	Superoxides	114-124	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	53-56
10440226-4	1999	With this review, we address the role of the small GTP binding protein, Rac, as a regulatory protein that controls superoxide production, and the effect of superoxide and derived oxidants in cell signaling.	Superoxides	115-125	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	72-75
12114769-1	1999	In adrenal glands, oxidative free radicals are synthesized in the course of hormonal production, and enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) is considered to scavenge these harmful superoxide radicals and, subsequently, to protect the cells.	Superoxides	175-194	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	130-133
12114769-8	1999	These results indicate that Cu,Zn-SOD and Mu-SOD may play different roles as a scavenger or antioxidants in normal human adrenal glands, i.e., Cu,Zn-SOD as a scavenger of toxic superoxide radicals generated during steroidogenesis and Mn-SOD during catecholamine production.	Superoxides	177-187	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	34-37
12114769-8	1999	These results indicate that Cu,Zn-SOD and Mu-SOD may play different roles as a scavenger or antioxidants in normal human adrenal glands, i.e., Cu,Zn-SOD as a scavenger of toxic superoxide radicals generated during steroidogenesis and Mn-SOD during catecholamine production.	Superoxides	177-187	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	45-48
12114769-8	1999	These results indicate that Cu,Zn-SOD and Mu-SOD may play different roles as a scavenger or antioxidants in normal human adrenal glands, i.e., Cu,Zn-SOD as a scavenger of toxic superoxide radicals generated during steroidogenesis and Mn-SOD during catecholamine production.	Superoxides	177-187	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	45-48
10654103-11	1999	AGE inhibitors might be able to stop formation of AGE-modified beta-amyloid deposits, antioxidants are likely to scavenge intracellular and extracellular superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide before these radicals damage cell constituents or activate microglia, and anti-inflammatory drugs attenuating microglial radical and cytokine production.	Superoxides	154-164	renin binding protein	Homo sapiens	50-53
9950265-0	1999	The role of aminopeptidase N in Met-enkephalin modulated superoxide anion release.	Superoxides	57-73	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	32-46
9931086-8	1999	Both endothelial and smooth muscle cells from all vessels showed evidence for the presence of superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme that scavenges superoxide anions.	Superoxides	147-164	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	94-114
9931086-8	1999	Both endothelial and smooth muscle cells from all vessels showed evidence for the presence of superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme that scavenges superoxide anions.	Superoxides	147-164	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	116-119
9987684-2	1999	Recently, it could be shown that bradykinin is a potent stimulus for the generation of arachidonic acid, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and superoxide radical via the bradykinin B2 receptor from macrophages depending on their stage of maturation or activation.	Superoxides	133-151	B2 bradykinin receptor	Cavia porcellus	160-182
10436263-1	1999	Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase is an endogenous scavanger of superoxide radicals (O(2)(*-)) which also induce the synthesis of this enzyme.	Superoxides	78-86	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-26
9987684-7	1999	However, the EC50 values of bradykinin-induced calcium signal of 23 +/- 8 nM and 29 +/- 17 nM and superoxide radical formation of 64 +/- 22 nM and 34 +/- 29 nM in control and interleukin-1 beta-treated cells, respectively, were not changed.	Superoxides	98-108	interleukin-1 beta	Cavia porcellus	175-193
9890397-11	1999	It appears that porcine cerebral arteries are innervated by NO synthase-containing nerves that liberate NO on excitation as a neurotransmitter to produce muscular relaxation, and the nerve function is protected by endogenous SOD from degradation of NO by superoxide anions.	Superoxides	255-272	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	225-228
9890314-8	1999	In addition, superoxide production was determined by measuring the capacity to reduce ferri- to ferro-cytochrome C by using 4-beta-phorbol 12-beta-myristate 13-alpha-acetate or N-formyl methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) for stimulus.	Superoxides	13-23	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	218-222
9890314-12	1999	Apoptosis correlated inversely with fMLP-stimulated superoxide production (r = -0.60, P = 0.04) and phagocytosis (r = -0.57, P = 0.05).	Superoxides	52-62	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	36-40
10378869-2	1999	Pretreatment of neurons or astrocytes with TNF caused significant increases in MnSOD activity, and also significantly attenuated 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) induced superoxide accumulation and loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential.	Superoxides	166-176	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	43-46
10385482-5	1999	To solve this problem previously, we established an in vitro model that showed that cultured human mesangial cells (HMC) stimulated with interleukin-1 (IL-1) plus IL-6 can cause mesangial cell proliferation, increasing production of chemical mediators and superoxide anion.	Superoxides	256-272	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	163-167
10072715-12	1999	ACE inhibitors enhance endothelial function by a bradykinin-dependent mechanism and probably also by blunting the generation of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	128-144	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	0-3
9893134-0	1999	Increased NAD(P)H oxidase-mediated superoxide production in renovascular hypertension: evidence for an involvement of protein kinase C. BACKGROUND: Angiotensin II infusion has been shown to cause hypertension and endothelial dysfunction and to increase superoxide (O-.2) production in vascular tissue, mainly via an activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) [NAD(P)H]-dependent oxidase, the most significant O-.2 source in endothelial and/or smooth muscle cells.	Superoxides	35-45	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	148-162
9893134-0	1999	Increased NAD(P)H oxidase-mediated superoxide production in renovascular hypertension: evidence for an involvement of protein kinase C. BACKGROUND: Angiotensin II infusion has been shown to cause hypertension and endothelial dysfunction and to increase superoxide (O-.2) production in vascular tissue, mainly via an activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) [NAD(P)H]-dependent oxidase, the most significant O-.2 source in endothelial and/or smooth muscle cells.	Superoxides	253-263	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	148-162
10095176-4	1999	Following 6 weeks of EPO treatment, in HD patients, the rate of superoxide release from PMNLs as well as WBC and PMNL counts fell significantly when compared with the pretreatment values.	Superoxides	64-74	erythropoietin	Homo sapiens	21-24
10659591-5	1999	Direct activation of PKC by a specific PKC activator, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), induced a remarkable O2- generation and a small MPO release, indicating that PKC may regulate entirely O2- synthesis and partially MPO degranulation.	Superoxides	190-192	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	135-138
10095176-5	1999	PMNLs from HD patients and healthy controls incubated in vitro with increasing amounts of EPO displayed a significant reduction in their rates of superoxide release and a significant improvement in survival.	Superoxides	146-156	erythropoietin	Homo sapiens	90-93
10216433-3	1999	These cells responded to fMLP or PAF with an increase in [Ca2+]i, associated with O2 production.	Superoxides	82-84	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	25-29
10216433-4	1999	Deprivation or chelation of extracellular calcium induced a reduction of fMLP or PAF-induced [Ca2+]i rise and O2- production.	Superoxides	110-112	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	73-77
10205832-1	1999	At present, photochemical detection of SOD-activity is used in most cases, where superoxide production is based on the NADPH oxidase activity or autooxidation of some substances, for instance, adrenaline.	Superoxides	81-91	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	39-42
9858522-5	1998	Cytokines produced by these CD4(+) T cells activate eosinophils as well as macrophages that produce both superoxide and nitric oxide.	Superoxides	105-115	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	28-31
9841872-0	1998	Activation of phospholipase A2 in human neutrophils by polyunsaturated fatty acids and its role in stimulation of superoxide production.	Superoxides	114-124	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	14-30
9841872-12	1998	Pretreatment of the leucocytes with PLA2 inhibitors markedly decreased superoxide production induced by C20:4(n-6).	Superoxides	71-81	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	36-40
9851874-9	1998	A specific Src inhibitor, PP1, was shown to completely abrogate the FcgammaR-induced superoxide response, correlating with a decrease in Cbl and Nck tyrosine phosphorylation.	Superoxides	85-95	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	11-14
9851874-9	1998	A specific Src inhibitor, PP1, was shown to completely abrogate the FcgammaR-induced superoxide response, correlating with a decrease in Cbl and Nck tyrosine phosphorylation.	Superoxides	85-95	neuropeptide Y receptor Y4	Homo sapiens	26-29
9856861-8	1998	SOD1, the enzyme that removes superoxide, did not protect against iron(III)/ascorbate toxicity.	Superoxides	30-40	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
9848884-2	1998	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), particularly extracellular SOD (EC-SOD), which accounts for the majority of SOD biological activity, is a major superoxide scavenger.	Superoxides	140-150	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
9848884-2	1998	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), particularly extracellular SOD (EC-SOD), which accounts for the majority of SOD biological activity, is a major superoxide scavenger.	Superoxides	140-150	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
9848884-2	1998	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), particularly extracellular SOD (EC-SOD), which accounts for the majority of SOD biological activity, is a major superoxide scavenger.	Superoxides	140-150	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	41-58
9848884-2	1998	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), particularly extracellular SOD (EC-SOD), which accounts for the majority of SOD biological activity, is a major superoxide scavenger.	Superoxides	140-150	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	60-66
9848884-2	1998	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), particularly extracellular SOD (EC-SOD), which accounts for the majority of SOD biological activity, is a major superoxide scavenger.	Superoxides	140-150	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	55-58
9820817-8	1998	In contrast, similar experiments performed on the indirect, tyrosine-mediated oxidation of NADPH by MPO showed that a propagation of the free radical chain was occurring, with generation of both O2(-.)	Superoxides	195-197	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	100-103
10224751-1	1998	OBJECTIVES: A deficiency in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in preeclamptic placentas can lead to an excess of superoxide radicals and may be responsible for the development and the severity of preeclampsia (PE).	Superoxides	28-38	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	50-53
9817920-2	1998	About 20% of familial cases are associated with mutations in the gene for copper/zinc superoxide dismutase ( SOD1 ), which catalyses the dismutation of the superoxide radical to hydrogen peroxide and oxygen.	Superoxides	86-96	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	109-113
9826384-4	1998	At 0.1 to 10 ng/ml, TNF-alpha also increased superoxide anion (O2-) produced by PMNs in response to phorbol myristate acetate, N-formylmethionyl leucyl phenylalanine, and unopsonized hyphae (P &lt; 0.01) but did not exert any effect on PMN phagocytosis of conidia in the presence of serum.	Superoxides	45-61	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	20-29
9826384-4	1998	At 0.1 to 10 ng/ml, TNF-alpha also increased superoxide anion (O2-) produced by PMNs in response to phorbol myristate acetate, N-formylmethionyl leucyl phenylalanine, and unopsonized hyphae (P &lt; 0.01) but did not exert any effect on PMN phagocytosis of conidia in the presence of serum.	Superoxides	63-65	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	20-29
9826384-5	1998	By comparison, TNF-alpha induced only a slight increase in O2- production by MNCs in response to phorbol myristate acetate (P = 0.05) and no concomitant increase in the percentage of MNC-induced hyphal damage.	Superoxides	59-61	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	15-24
9818932-1	1998	Mutations of the SOD1 gene encoding copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) cause an inherited form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.	Superoxides	48-58	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	17-21
9818932-1	1998	Mutations of the SOD1 gene encoding copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) cause an inherited form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.	Superoxides	48-58	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	70-77
9815198-6	1998	Superoxide formation was indicated by the approximately 75% regeneration of O2 upon addition of superoxide dismutase and catalase.	Superoxides	0-10	catalase	Homo sapiens	121-129
9815198-6	1998	Superoxide formation was indicated by the approximately 75% regeneration of O2 upon addition of superoxide dismutase and catalase.	Superoxides	76-78	catalase	Homo sapiens	121-129
9794432-2	1998	IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha, alone or in combination, caused a significant up-regulation of the NADPH oxidase system as reflected by an enhancement of the PMA-stimulated superoxide release, cytochrome b558 content, and expression of gp91-phox and p47-phox genes on both days 2 and 7 of cell culture.	Superoxides	166-176	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-9
9794432-2	1998	IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha, alone or in combination, caused a significant up-regulation of the NADPH oxidase system as reflected by an enhancement of the PMA-stimulated superoxide release, cytochrome b558 content, and expression of gp91-phox and p47-phox genes on both days 2 and 7 of cell culture.	Superoxides	166-176	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	14-23
9794432-6	1998	Indomethacin inhibited only the PMA-stimulated superoxide release of THP-1 cells differentiated with IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha during 7 days.	Superoxides	47-57	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	101-110
9794432-6	1998	Indomethacin inhibited only the PMA-stimulated superoxide release of THP-1 cells differentiated with IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha during 7 days.	Superoxides	47-57	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	115-124
9870795-9	1998	These results suggest that: (i) the repeated administration of 48/80 induced inflammatory gastric lesions in the rat stomach, mediated by endogenous 5-HT; (ii) NO/iNOS is involved in the pathogenic mechanism of 48/80-induced gastric lesions, in addition to oxyradical formation; and (iii) the deleterious role of NO in this lesion model can be accounted for by a cytotoxic action of peroxynitrite that is formed in the presence of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	431-441	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	163-167
9748253-2	1998	It has been previously shown that besides synthesizing nitric oxide (NO), neuronal and inducible NO synthase (NOS) generates superoxide (O-2) under conditions of L-arginine depletion.	Superoxides	125-135	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	97-108
9755109-0	1998	O2-induced ENaC expression is associated with NF-kappaB activation and blocked by superoxide scavenger.	Superoxides	0-2	sodium channel epithelial 1 subunit gamma	Rattus norvegicus	11-15
9755109-0	1998	O2-induced ENaC expression is associated with NF-kappaB activation and blocked by superoxide scavenger.	Superoxides	82-92	sodium channel epithelial 1 subunit gamma	Rattus norvegicus	11-15
9755109-12	1998	In contrast, the cell-permeable superoxide scavenger tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (TEMPO) eliminated the O2-induced increases in amiloride-sensitive Isc and ENaC mRNA levels.	Superoxides	32-42	sodium channel epithelial 1 subunit gamma	Rattus norvegicus	157-161
9755109-12	1998	In contrast, the cell-permeable superoxide scavenger tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (TEMPO) eliminated the O2-induced increases in amiloride-sensitive Isc and ENaC mRNA levels.	Superoxides	105-107	sodium channel epithelial 1 subunit gamma	Rattus norvegicus	157-161
9755109-14	1998	We conclude that 1) the O2-induced increase in amiloride-sensitive Isc is reversible and 2) the O2-induced increase in amiloride-sensitive Isc and ENaC mRNA levels is associated with activation of nuclear factor-kappaB and may be mediated, at least in part, by superoxide.	Superoxides	24-26	sodium channel epithelial 1 subunit gamma	Rattus norvegicus	147-151
9755109-14	1998	We conclude that 1) the O2-induced increase in amiloride-sensitive Isc is reversible and 2) the O2-induced increase in amiloride-sensitive Isc and ENaC mRNA levels is associated with activation of nuclear factor-kappaB and may be mediated, at least in part, by superoxide.	Superoxides	96-98	sodium channel epithelial 1 subunit gamma	Rattus norvegicus	147-151
9755109-14	1998	We conclude that 1) the O2-induced increase in amiloride-sensitive Isc is reversible and 2) the O2-induced increase in amiloride-sensitive Isc and ENaC mRNA levels is associated with activation of nuclear factor-kappaB and may be mediated, at least in part, by superoxide.	Superoxides	261-271	sodium channel epithelial 1 subunit gamma	Rattus norvegicus	147-151
10100885-0	1998	Ca2+-independent synergistic augmentation of O2- production by FMLP and PMA in HL-60 cells.	Superoxides	45-47	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	63-67
10100885-1	1998	N-Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP) and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) caused a synergistic augmentation of superoxide anion (O2-) production in neutrophil-like HL-60 cells differentiated with dibutyryl cAMP.	Superoxides	107-123	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	22-26
10100885-1	1998	N-Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP) and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) caused a synergistic augmentation of superoxide anion (O2-) production in neutrophil-like HL-60 cells differentiated with dibutyryl cAMP.	Superoxides	125-127	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	22-26
10100885-4	1998	Although FMLP-induced O2- production was inhibited by BAPTA-AM, a major part of the synergistic augmentation of O2- production by FMLP and PMA remained after BAPTA-AM treatment, suggesting that a Ca2+-independent mechanism might be involved in the augmentation.	Superoxides	22-24	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	9-13
10100885-4	1998	Although FMLP-induced O2- production was inhibited by BAPTA-AM, a major part of the synergistic augmentation of O2- production by FMLP and PMA remained after BAPTA-AM treatment, suggesting that a Ca2+-independent mechanism might be involved in the augmentation.	Superoxides	112-114	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	130-134
10100885-8	1998	Wortmannin, a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor, inhibited FMLP-induced O2- production, but it did not inhibit the synergistic augmentation of O2- production by PMA and FMLP.	Superoxides	78-80	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	65-69
10100885-11	1998	It is concluded that the synergistic augmentation of O2- production induced by PMA and FMLP is mediated through a PT-sensitive G protein and a protein kinase C in a Ca2+-independent manner.	Superoxides	53-55	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	87-91
9793799-8	1998	In the presence of fMLP, blood cells showed a burst of superoxide release, which was significantly more pronounced in patients when compared to healthy controls.	Superoxides	55-65	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	19-23
9766635-9	1998	TNF-alpha and GM-CSF priming of superoxide release stimulated by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine was significantly attenuated by the MEK inhibitor, PD098059, and the p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580.	Superoxides	32-42	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-9
9766635-9	1998	TNF-alpha and GM-CSF priming of superoxide release stimulated by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine was significantly attenuated by the MEK inhibitor, PD098059, and the p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580.	Superoxides	32-42	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	141-144
9766635-9	1998	TNF-alpha and GM-CSF priming of superoxide release stimulated by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine was significantly attenuated by the MEK inhibitor, PD098059, and the p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580.	Superoxides	32-42	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	174-177
9870562-7	1998	They showed a significant superoxide dismutase (SOD) inhibitable reduction of cytochrome C by acetoacetate, but not by beta-hydroxybutyrate, suggesting the generation of superoxide anion radicals by acetoacetate.	Superoxides	170-195	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	78-90
9856978-4	1998	Pretreatment of HSMCs with dexamethasone for 24 hours attenuated the basal and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-AB- and angiotensin II-induced superoxide anion (O2.	Superoxides	148-164	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	125-139
9856978-4	1998	Pretreatment of HSMCs with dexamethasone for 24 hours attenuated the basal and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-AB- and angiotensin II-induced superoxide anion (O2.	Superoxides	166-168	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	125-139
9824770-2	1998	Exposure of neutrophils to FMLP (1 microM), the calcium ionophore A23187 (1 microM), and opsonized zymosan (OZ, 0.5 mg/ml) was accompanied by activation of superoxide production and increased concentrations of intracellular cAMP.	Superoxides	156-166	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	27-31
9850166-7	1998	Only high concentrations of PAF (10(-5) M) caused an increased rate of PMA-stimulated superoxide production, although lower doses of PAF did reduce the lag time preceding the PMA-induced oxidative burst.	Superoxides	86-96	PCNA-associated factor	Bos taurus	28-31
9853257-3	1998	The present study was undertaken to investigate whether Ang II may stimulate superoxide anions (O2.)	Superoxides	77-94	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	56-62
9853257-3	1998	The present study was undertaken to investigate whether Ang II may stimulate superoxide anions (O2.)	Superoxides	96-98	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	56-62
9853257-7	1998	The effects of various inhibitors were tested on Ang II-induced O2.	Superoxides	64-66	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	49-55
9853257-13	1998	RESULTS: Ang II stimulated the accumulation of O2.	Superoxides	47-49	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	9-15
9853257-20	1998	CONCLUSIONS: This study provides the first evidence, to our knowledge, that Ang II induces O2.	Superoxides	91-93	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	76-82
9840743-0	1998	Superoxide electrode based on covalently immobilized cytochrome c: modelling studies.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	53-65
9840743-1	1998	We have recently described an optimised electrode for the detection of enzymatic and cellular superoxide (O2*-) production based on cytochrome c immobilized covalently at a surface-modified gold electrode and applied this system to the study of free radical production by activated human glioblastoma cells.	Superoxides	94-104	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	132-144
9840743-1	1998	We have recently described an optimised electrode for the detection of enzymatic and cellular superoxide (O2*-) production based on cytochrome c immobilized covalently at a surface-modified gold electrode and applied this system to the study of free radical production by activated human glioblastoma cells.	Superoxides	106-110	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	132-144
9804763-2	1998	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytic cells is a multicomponent system containing a membrane-bound flavocytochrome b and a small G protein Rac as well as cytosolic factors p67(phox) (phagocyte oxidase), p47(phox), and p40(phox), which translocate to the membrane upon activation.	Superoxides	4-14	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	163-166
9820546-2	1998	Here we report that peroxynitrite (ONOO-), formed by a reaction of nitric oxide (NO) with superoxide, mediates IL-8 gene expression and IL-8 production in LPS-stimulated human whole blood.	Superoxides	90-100	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	111-115
9820546-2	1998	Here we report that peroxynitrite (ONOO-), formed by a reaction of nitric oxide (NO) with superoxide, mediates IL-8 gene expression and IL-8 production in LPS-stimulated human whole blood.	Superoxides	90-100	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	136-140
9820546-6	1998	Combination of the NO-generating chemicals with a superoxide-generating system (xanthine/xanthine oxidase) markedly increased IL-8 release.	Superoxides	50-60	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	126-130
9849896-1	1998	In human neutrophils, significant agonist-stimulated superoxide anion (O2-) release is observed only after exposure to a priming agent such as TNFalpha.	Superoxides	53-69	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	143-151
9849896-1	1998	In human neutrophils, significant agonist-stimulated superoxide anion (O2-) release is observed only after exposure to a priming agent such as TNFalpha.	Superoxides	71-73	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	143-151
9849896-3	1998	TNFalpha pretreatment did not affect basal or stimulated Ins(1,4,5)P3 levels but greatly upregulated fMLP-stimulated PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 accumulation, in a manner that matched, both temporally and in magnitude, the increase in O2- generation implying a possible role for PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 in signalling primed O2- release.	Superoxides	223-225	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-8
9849896-3	1998	TNFalpha pretreatment did not affect basal or stimulated Ins(1,4,5)P3 levels but greatly upregulated fMLP-stimulated PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 accumulation, in a manner that matched, both temporally and in magnitude, the increase in O2- generation implying a possible role for PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 in signalling primed O2- release.	Superoxides	223-225	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	101-105
9849896-3	1998	TNFalpha pretreatment did not affect basal or stimulated Ins(1,4,5)P3 levels but greatly upregulated fMLP-stimulated PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 accumulation, in a manner that matched, both temporally and in magnitude, the increase in O2- generation implying a possible role for PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 in signalling primed O2- release.	Superoxides	304-306	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-8
9849896-3	1998	TNFalpha pretreatment did not affect basal or stimulated Ins(1,4,5)P3 levels but greatly upregulated fMLP-stimulated PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 accumulation, in a manner that matched, both temporally and in magnitude, the increase in O2- generation implying a possible role for PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 in signalling primed O2- release.	Superoxides	304-306	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	101-105
9827538-0	1998	Origin of superoxide production by endothelial nitric oxide synthase.	Superoxides	10-20	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	35-68
9827538-1	1998	Using fluorescence optical and electron spin resonance spectroscopy, we have investigated the production of superoxide by bovine endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS).	Superoxides	108-118	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	129-162
9827538-3	1998	Thus, calmodulin-mediated enzyme regulation affects production of nitric oxide and superoxide simultaneously and inseparably.	Superoxides	83-93	calmodulin	Bos taurus	6-16
9851588-8	1998	Enzymatic generation of superoxide during reduction of LY83583 by neuronal NO synthase, P450 reductase or DT-diaphorase was confirmed by electron spin resonance (ESR) experiments.	Superoxides	24-34	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	106-119
9795211-6	1998	MG-LDL preparations generated small amounts of superoxide anion radicals as measured by the reduction of cytochrome c, but this was not accompanied by peroxidation of the polyunsaturated fatty acids of MG-LDL.	Superoxides	47-72	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	105-117
9797345-6	1998	Inhibition of NADH/NADPH oxidase, which generates superoxide and H2O2, with diphenylene iodonium or apocynin decreased Ang II-induced MCP-1 mRNA accumulation.	Superoxides	50-60	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	119-125
9820355-10	1998	RESULTS: The sPLA2 acted directly on plasma membrane lipids to stimulate the PMN to produce superoxide and release elastase.	Superoxides	92-102	phospholipase A2 group X	Homo sapiens	13-18
9766529-8	1998	These results lead to a working hypothesis that arsenite-induced apoptosis is triggered by the generation of hydrogen peroxide through activation of flavoprotein-dependent superoxide-producing enzymes (such as NADPH oxidase), and hydrogen peroxide might play a role as a mediator to induce apoptosis through release of cytochrome c to cytosol, activation of CPP32 protease, and PARP degradation.	Superoxides	172-182	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	319-331
9766529-8	1998	These results lead to a working hypothesis that arsenite-induced apoptosis is triggered by the generation of hydrogen peroxide through activation of flavoprotein-dependent superoxide-producing enzymes (such as NADPH oxidase), and hydrogen peroxide might play a role as a mediator to induce apoptosis through release of cytochrome c to cytosol, activation of CPP32 protease, and PARP degradation.	Superoxides	172-182	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	358-363
9932661-7	1998	Furthermore, superoxide (O2-) generation was measured by cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	13-23	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	57-69
9932661-7	1998	Furthermore, superoxide (O2-) generation was measured by cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	25-27	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	57-69
9859861-10	1998	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was used to inhibit superoxide radicals and mannitol to inhibit hydroxyl radicals.	Superoxides	47-57	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
9859861-10	1998	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was used to inhibit superoxide radicals and mannitol to inhibit hydroxyl radicals.	Superoxides	47-57	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
9780211-9	1998	Finally, anti-CD18 mAb abolished eosinophil superoxide production stimulated with secretory IgA or secretory component but not with serum IgA, suggesting a crucial role for beta2 integrins in eosinophil interactions with secretory IgA or secretory component.	Superoxides	44-54	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	14-18
9808374-7	1998	3-morpholinosydomine (SIN-1), which releases O2- and NO simultaneously produced a significant dose-dependent relaxation of vascular tension, which pretreatment with hemoglobin did not affect SIN-1-induced relaxation.	Superoxides	45-47	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	22-27
9763522-9	1998	Such superoxide molecules stimulate the GTP loading of p21(ras).	Superoxides	5-15	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	55-58
9744995-0	1998	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase in the formation of superoxide in osteoclasts.	Superoxides	72-82	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	0-51
9744995-3	1998	It has been reported that nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase is the enzyme responsible for superoxide production in phagocyte; however, the NADPH oxidase present in osteoclasts has not been studied in detail.	Superoxides	116-126	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	26-85
9744995-3	1998	It has been reported that nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase is the enzyme responsible for superoxide production in phagocyte; however, the NADPH oxidase present in osteoclasts has not been studied in detail.	Superoxides	116-126	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	165-178
9744995-9	1998	Osteoclastic superoxide generation is inhibited by diphenylene iodonium, a specific inhibitor of the NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	13-23	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	101-114
9744995-10	1998	These studies suggest that superoxide generation by osteoclasts correlates with the activity of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	27-37	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	96-109
9788896-10	1998	Thus, PP1/PP2a appear to be the primary phosphatases for controlling the intensity of the respiratory burst during receptor-elicited superoxide production in AM, whereas PP1/PP2a and PP2b play a role in turning off the respiratory burst.	Superoxides	133-143	inorganic pyrophosphatase 1	Homo sapiens	6-9
9846011-1	1998	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) rapidly primed human neutrophils for enhanced superoxide (O2-) release, and membrane depolarization stimulated by chemotactic peptide (N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine), interleukin 8, concanavalin A (Con A) and ionomycin.	Superoxides	183-193	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-21
9846011-1	1998	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) rapidly primed human neutrophils for enhanced superoxide (O2-) release, and membrane depolarization stimulated by chemotactic peptide (N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine), interleukin 8, concanavalin A (Con A) and ionomycin.	Superoxides	195-197	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-21
9759901-2	1998	The actions of a number of these oxidants (e.g., hydroxyl radical and peroxynitrite, a reactive oxidant produced by the reaction of nitric oxide and superoxide) are mediated in part by the activation of the nuclear nick sensor enzyme, poly(ADP)-ribose synthetase (PARS), with consequent cellular energy depletion.	Superoxides	149-159	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	235-262
9759901-2	1998	The actions of a number of these oxidants (e.g., hydroxyl radical and peroxynitrite, a reactive oxidant produced by the reaction of nitric oxide and superoxide) are mediated in part by the activation of the nuclear nick sensor enzyme, poly(ADP)-ribose synthetase (PARS), with consequent cellular energy depletion.	Superoxides	149-159	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	264-268
9755854-0	1998	Potentiation of nitric oxide synthase expression by superoxide in interleukin 1 beta-stimulated rat mesangial cells.	Superoxides	52-62	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	66-84
9848095-2	1998	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is the primary antioxidant enzyme protecting against superoxide radicals produced within mitochondria.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	32-37
9755854-1	1998	Exposure of mesangial cells to superoxide, generated by the hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase system or by the redox cycler 2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone caused a concentration-dependent amplification of interleukin (IL)-1beta-stimulated nitrite production.	Superoxides	31-41	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	203-225
9755854-2	1998	The effect of superoxide was accompanied by an increase in inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein and iNOS mRNA levels.	Superoxides	14-24	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	59-90
9755854-2	1998	The effect of superoxide was accompanied by an increase in inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein and iNOS mRNA levels.	Superoxides	14-24	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	92-96
9755854-2	1998	The effect of superoxide was accompanied by an increase in inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein and iNOS mRNA levels.	Superoxides	14-24	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	110-114
9755854-5	1998	In transient transfection studies, superoxide caused a 10-fold augmentation of iNOS promoter activity in IL-1beta-challenged mesangial cells.	Superoxides	35-45	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	79-83
9755854-5	1998	In transient transfection studies, superoxide caused a 10-fold augmentation of iNOS promoter activity in IL-1beta-challenged mesangial cells.	Superoxides	35-45	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	105-113
9755854-6	1998	Our data identify superoxide as a co-stimulatory factor amplifying cytokine-induced iNOS gene expression and subsequent nitric oxide (NO) synthesis.	Superoxides	18-28	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	84-88
9749602-7	1998	Because SOD1 dismutates superoxide to H2O2, overexpression of SOD1 in the presence of developmentally low activities of the catalytic enzymes glutathione peroxidase and catalase leads to an increased production of H2O2, and may explain the increased brain injury observed after hypoxia-ischemia in neonatal SOD1 mice.	Superoxides	24-34	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	8-12
9749602-7	1998	Because SOD1 dismutates superoxide to H2O2, overexpression of SOD1 in the presence of developmentally low activities of the catalytic enzymes glutathione peroxidase and catalase leads to an increased production of H2O2, and may explain the increased brain injury observed after hypoxia-ischemia in neonatal SOD1 mice.	Superoxides	24-34	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	62-66
9749602-7	1998	Because SOD1 dismutates superoxide to H2O2, overexpression of SOD1 in the presence of developmentally low activities of the catalytic enzymes glutathione peroxidase and catalase leads to an increased production of H2O2, and may explain the increased brain injury observed after hypoxia-ischemia in neonatal SOD1 mice.	Superoxides	24-34	catalase	Mus musculus	169-177
9749602-7	1998	Because SOD1 dismutates superoxide to H2O2, overexpression of SOD1 in the presence of developmentally low activities of the catalytic enzymes glutathione peroxidase and catalase leads to an increased production of H2O2, and may explain the increased brain injury observed after hypoxia-ischemia in neonatal SOD1 mice.	Superoxides	24-34	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	62-66
9716559-1	1998	The corpus luteum expresses two enzymes that scavenge superoxide radicals and protect the cells from their toxic activities: cytosolic copper, zinc-superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD) and mitochondrial manganese-SOD (Mn-SOD).	Superoxides	54-64	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	170-179
9701674-2	1998	The copper-containing enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a key enzyme in suppressing the amounts of superoxide anion radicals.	Superoxides	102-118	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	29-49
9701674-2	1998	The copper-containing enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a key enzyme in suppressing the amounts of superoxide anion radicals.	Superoxides	102-118	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	51-54
9724058-1	1998	Copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) and manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) are the two major intracellular enzymes which inactivate superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	12-22	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	34-38
9724058-1	1998	Copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) and manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) are the two major intracellular enzymes which inactivate superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	12-22	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	76-80
9741578-2	1998	The formation of peroxynitrite from .NO and O2.- is controlled by superoxide dismutase (SOD), which can lower the concentration of superoxide ions.	Superoxides	44-46	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	66-86
9741578-2	1998	The formation of peroxynitrite from .NO and O2.- is controlled by superoxide dismutase (SOD), which can lower the concentration of superoxide ions.	Superoxides	44-46	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	88-91
9741578-2	1998	The formation of peroxynitrite from .NO and O2.- is controlled by superoxide dismutase (SOD), which can lower the concentration of superoxide ions.	Superoxides	66-76	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	88-91
9741578-14	1998	The biological effects of peroxynitrite also can be prevented by limiting the formation of peroxynitrite from .NO by lowering the concentration of O2.- using SOD or SOD mimics.	Superoxides	147-149	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	158-161
9741578-14	1998	The biological effects of peroxynitrite also can be prevented by limiting the formation of peroxynitrite from .NO by lowering the concentration of O2.- using SOD or SOD mimics.	Superoxides	147-149	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	165-168
9789410-2	1998	Superoxide anion (O2-) rise six time more on the proestrous, than on other stages, while its regulation enzyme, the superoxide dismutase (SOD), decreases.	Superoxides	0-16	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	116-136
9789410-2	1998	Superoxide anion (O2-) rise six time more on the proestrous, than on other stages, while its regulation enzyme, the superoxide dismutase (SOD), decreases.	Superoxides	0-16	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	138-141
9825573-4	1998	DESIGN AND METHODS: Assays of superoxide anion release (as reduction of cytochrome C) and cell adhesion (quantified by measuring membrane acid phosphatase) were carried out according to a microplate method whereby both parameters can be evaluated (Bellavite et al., 1992).	Superoxides	30-46	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	72-84
9740615-2	1998	We previously showed that angiotensin II (Ang II) increases superoxide production by activating an NADH/NADPH oxidase, which contributes to hypertrophy.	Superoxides	60-70	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	26-40
9740615-2	1998	We previously showed that angiotensin II (Ang II) increases superoxide production by activating an NADH/NADPH oxidase, which contributes to hypertrophy.	Superoxides	60-70	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	42-48
9796619-5	1998	The observations that both SOD and catalase reduced (in the case of LPC) or totally prevented (in the other cases) the acrosome reaction of capacitated spermatozoa and that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or ROS generated by the combination of xanthine and xanthine oxidase (O2.-, which dismutates to H2O2) triggered the acrosome reaction indicated the involvement of ROS in this process.	Superoxides	194-196	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	27-30
9769225-8	1998	To assess the functional significance of defetilide binding to leukocyte biology, we evaluated fMLP-stimulated superoxide production in the presence or absence of dofetilide.	Superoxides	111-121	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	95-99
9734602-0	1998	Angiotensin II induces superoxide anion production by mesangial cells.	Superoxides	23-39	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
9734602-5	1998	The studies reported herein were designed to investigate: (a) whether Ang II induces MC O2-production and (b) if increased O2- production elicits growth responses in MC.	Superoxides	88-90	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	70-76
9734602-8	1998	RESULTS: Ang II (10(-5) M to 10(-8) M) dose dependently increased MC O2- production up to 125% above control (ED 50 5 x 10(-7) M).	Superoxides	69-71	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	9-15
9734602-9	1998	LOS as well as DPI, and the PKC inhibitors blocked Ang II stimulated MC O2- production.	Superoxides	72-74	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	51-57
9734602-12	1998	Moreover, LOS, DPI, and the PKC inhibitors each independently inhibited MC 3H-leucine incorporation, thereby establishing the specificity of Ang II induced O2- in driving MC hypertrophy.	Superoxides	156-158	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	141-147
9748044-1	1998	This report presents a familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FALS) patient with widespread vacuoles and hyaline inclusions strongly immunostained with the anti-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) antibody.	Superoxides	162-172	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	184-188
9756092-11	1998	Thus, Ang II acting on AT1 receptors stimulates superoxide generation, which, in turn, induces expression of P-selectin on the endothelial cell surface.	Superoxides	48-58	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	6-12
9839892-7	1998	These results indicate that complement receptor type 3 (CR3)- and Fc receptor (FcR)-mediated O2 producing activities of neutrophils are clearly different between neonatal calves and cows.	Superoxides	93-95	Fc gamma receptor and transporter	Bos taurus	66-77
9839892-7	1998	These results indicate that complement receptor type 3 (CR3)- and Fc receptor (FcR)-mediated O2 producing activities of neutrophils are clearly different between neonatal calves and cows.	Superoxides	93-95	Fc gamma receptor and transporter	Bos taurus	79-82
9689061-0	1998	Superoxide generation by endothelial nitric oxide synthase: the influence of cofactors.	Superoxides	0-10	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	25-58
9689061-1	1998	The mechanism of superoxide generation by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) was investigated by the electron spin resonance spin-trapping technique using 5-diethoxyphosphoryl-5-methyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide.	Superoxides	17-27	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	42-75
9689061-1	1998	The mechanism of superoxide generation by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) was investigated by the electron spin resonance spin-trapping technique using 5-diethoxyphosphoryl-5-methyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide.	Superoxides	17-27	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	77-81
9689061-2	1998	In the absence of calcium/calmodulin, eNOS produces low amounts of superoxide.	Superoxides	67-77	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	38-42
9689061-3	1998	Upon activating eNOS electron transfer reactions by calcium/calmodulin binding, superoxide formation is increased.	Superoxides	80-90	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	16-20
9689061-7	1998	However, the concomitant addition of L-arginine and tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) abolishes superoxide generation by eNOS.	Superoxides	88-98	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	113-117
9689061-12	1998	Our data indicate that modulation of BH4 concentration may regulate the ratio of superoxide to nitric oxide generated by eNOS.	Superoxides	81-91	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	121-125
21781879-2	1998	3-Morpholinosydnonimine hydrochloride (SIN-1) produces NO and superoxide anion (O(2)( -)) which results in the formation of peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)).	Superoxides	62-78	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	39-44
21781879-2	1998	3-Morpholinosydnonimine hydrochloride (SIN-1) produces NO and superoxide anion (O(2)( -)) which results in the formation of peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)).	Superoxides	80-84	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	39-44
9749156-3	1998	On one hand, superoxide anions production is induced by angiotensin II and on the other hand, activated polynuclear neutrophils, through free radicals generation, alter endothelial ACE activity.	Superoxides	13-30	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	56-70
9749156-3	1998	On one hand, superoxide anions production is induced by angiotensin II and on the other hand, activated polynuclear neutrophils, through free radicals generation, alter endothelial ACE activity.	Superoxides	13-30	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	181-184
9744563-2	1998	Recently, we found that priming microglia with interferon (IFN)-gamma or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha resulted in an enhanced production of superoxide anion, a reactive oxygen intermediate that may be pathogenic during brain inflammation.	Superoxides	145-161	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	47-69
9744563-2	1998	Recently, we found that priming microglia with interferon (IFN)-gamma or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha resulted in an enhanced production of superoxide anion, a reactive oxygen intermediate that may be pathogenic during brain inflammation.	Superoxides	145-161	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	73-106
9744563-5	1998	Maximal inhibition of microglial cell superoxide generation by U50,488 was observed at 10 nM for the priming effect of interferon-gamma and at 1 microM for tumor necrosis factor-alpha.	Superoxides	38-48	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	119-135
9744563-5	1998	Maximal inhibition of microglial cell superoxide generation by U50,488 was observed at 10 nM for the priming effect of interferon-gamma and at 1 microM for tumor necrosis factor-alpha.	Superoxides	38-48	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	156-183
9767445-0	1998	The regulation of superoxide generation and nitric oxide synthesis by C-reactive protein.	Superoxides	18-28	C-reactive protein	Rattus norvegicus	70-88
9793837-10	1998	Thionine O, Nile Blue A and LY83583 were redox-cycling substrates producing superoxide ion, detectable by means of cytochrome c reduction, but leading to no loss of glutathione reductase activity, under aerobic or anaerobic conditions.	Superoxides	76-86	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	115-127
9612230-2	1998	3-Morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) was used to concurrently generate nitric oxide (.NO) and superoxide (O2-.	Superoxides	89-99	MAPK associated protein 1 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	25-30
9777410-5	1998	A distinct C1q receptor that triggers superoxide in polymorphonuclear leukocytes has been functionally characterized and designated as C1qRO2-.	Superoxides	38-48	CD93 molecule	Homo sapiens	11-23
9647467-17	1998	The present results support a role for ROS, particularly superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide, as mediators of the CsA-induced eNOS mRNA up-regulation.	Superoxides	57-73	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	129-133
9667737-9	1998	In addition, pre-incubation of LTB4 with purified rat hepatic DIG-1 reduced LTB4-stimulated production of superoxide anions in neutrophils, as evidenced by decreased lucigenin-derived chemiluminescence.	Superoxides	106-123	prostaglandin reductase 1	Rattus norvegicus	62-67
9605167-9	1998	Additionally, CSaRAM and CSaRAD inhibited binding of 125I-labeled recombinant human C5a to neutrophil membranes (Ki = 79 and 2 pM, respectively), C5a-stimulated neutrophil intracellular calcium mobilization (8 and 13 nM), CD11b integrin up-regulation (10 and 1 nM), superoxide generation (182 and 282 nM), lysozyme release (1 and 2 microM), and chemotaxis (11 and 7 microM).	Superoxides	266-276	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	84-87
9624628-1	1998	We examined the effects of the 21-aminosteroid antioxidant U-74389G (16-desmethyl-tirilazad) on the concentration of extracellular superoxide anion following fluid percussion traumatic brain injury (TBI) measured by a cytochrome c-coated electrode and on local cerebral perfusion (CBFld) measured by laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF).	Superoxides	131-147	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	218-230
10189055-3	1998	This study evaluated the effects of mammalian tachykinins and selective tachykinin agonists and antagonists on human monocytes isolated from healthy donors: SP, NKA and NKB all evoked a dose-dependent superoxide anion (O2-) production and the NK2 selective agonist [beta-Ala8]-NKA(4-10) induced a full response.	Superoxides	201-217	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	157-159
10189055-3	1998	This study evaluated the effects of mammalian tachykinins and selective tachykinin agonists and antagonists on human monocytes isolated from healthy donors: SP, NKA and NKB all evoked a dose-dependent superoxide anion (O2-) production and the NK2 selective agonist [beta-Ala8]-NKA(4-10) induced a full response.	Superoxides	201-217	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	161-164
10189055-3	1998	This study evaluated the effects of mammalian tachykinins and selective tachykinin agonists and antagonists on human monocytes isolated from healthy donors: SP, NKA and NKB all evoked a dose-dependent superoxide anion (O2-) production and the NK2 selective agonist [beta-Ala8]-NKA(4-10) induced a full response.	Superoxides	219-221	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	157-159
10189055-3	1998	This study evaluated the effects of mammalian tachykinins and selective tachykinin agonists and antagonists on human monocytes isolated from healthy donors: SP, NKA and NKB all evoked a dose-dependent superoxide anion (O2-) production and the NK2 selective agonist [beta-Ala8]-NKA(4-10) induced a full response.	Superoxides	219-221	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	161-164
10189055-3	1998	This study evaluated the effects of mammalian tachykinins and selective tachykinin agonists and antagonists on human monocytes isolated from healthy donors: SP, NKA and NKB all evoked a dose-dependent superoxide anion (O2-) production and the NK2 selective agonist [beta-Ala8]-NKA(4-10) induced a full response.	Superoxides	219-221	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	277-280
9582295-3	1998	In such studies 3-morpholinosydnonimine N-ethylcarbamide (SIN-1), a compound that simultaneously releases nitric oxide (.NO) and superoxide (O-2), is often used as a source for peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	129-139	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	58-63
9593776-8	1998	Nitrotyrosine concentration, an in vivo marker of the peroxynitrite production by nitric oxide and superoxide anion, was significantly higher in the myocardium of the IL-1beta group than in that of the control group or the group cotreated with dexamethasone or aminoguanidine.	Superoxides	99-115	interleukin 1 beta	Canis lupus familiaris	167-175
9565547-3	1998	The present research shows that superoxide is produced by mitochondria isolated from apoptotic cells due to a switch from the normal 4-electron reduction of O2 to a 1-electron reduction when cytochrome c is released from mitochondria.	Superoxides	32-42	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	191-203
9565547-3	1998	The present research shows that superoxide is produced by mitochondria isolated from apoptotic cells due to a switch from the normal 4-electron reduction of O2 to a 1-electron reduction when cytochrome c is released from mitochondria.	Superoxides	157-159	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	191-203
9565547-4	1998	Bcl-2, a protein that protects against apoptosis and blocks cytochrome c release, prevents superoxide production when it is overexpressed.	Superoxides	91-101	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	0-5
9565547-4	1998	Bcl-2, a protein that protects against apoptosis and blocks cytochrome c release, prevents superoxide production when it is overexpressed.	Superoxides	91-101	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	60-72
9588900-6	1998	An acute dose of CCl4 caused a transient production of superoxide radicals at 24 hours into pericentral necrotic areas, whereas HSC appearance and expression of collagen mRNA were detectable only at 48 and 72 hours.	Superoxides	55-74	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Rattus norvegicus	17-21
9612300-9	1998	A reaction between NO and superoxide would produce peroxynitrite, which could then react with the eNOS protein, resulting in enzyme inactivation.	Superoxides	26-36	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	98-102
9778146-7	1998	Superoxide dismutase and catalase, which stabilise NO by removing superoxide anion, ameliorated the potentiation of the NMDA-mediated death of CGC in co-culture with immunostimulated microglia, implying that reactions of NO with superoxide to form peroxynitrite can be implicated in the potentiated neurotoxicity.	Superoxides	66-82	catalase	Mus musculus	25-33
9778146-7	1998	Superoxide dismutase and catalase, which stabilise NO by removing superoxide anion, ameliorated the potentiation of the NMDA-mediated death of CGC in co-culture with immunostimulated microglia, implying that reactions of NO with superoxide to form peroxynitrite can be implicated in the potentiated neurotoxicity.	Superoxides	66-76	catalase	Mus musculus	25-33
9745927-9	1998	PKC seems to play a key-role also in cholinergic-induced ROS production superoxide anion being the primary reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	72-88	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
9774172-6	1998	The effects of NO were reversed by addition of the superoxide generating system (xanthine plus xanthine oxidase and catalase), indicating that superoxide is a vital modulator of the action of NO.	Superoxides	51-61	catalase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	116-124
9774172-6	1998	The effects of NO were reversed by addition of the superoxide generating system (xanthine plus xanthine oxidase and catalase), indicating that superoxide is a vital modulator of the action of NO.	Superoxides	143-153	catalase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	116-124
9645940-1	1998	Activation of the N-formyl peptide receptor (FPR) of human neutrophils by ligands such as N-formyl-methionine-leucine-phenylalanine (fMLP) induces mobilization of intracellular calcium, cell adhesion, chemotaxis, superoxide production and degranulation.	Superoxides	213-223	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	18-43
9645940-1	1998	Activation of the N-formyl peptide receptor (FPR) of human neutrophils by ligands such as N-formyl-methionine-leucine-phenylalanine (fMLP) induces mobilization of intracellular calcium, cell adhesion, chemotaxis, superoxide production and degranulation.	Superoxides	213-223	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	45-48
9645940-1	1998	Activation of the N-formyl peptide receptor (FPR) of human neutrophils by ligands such as N-formyl-methionine-leucine-phenylalanine (fMLP) induces mobilization of intracellular calcium, cell adhesion, chemotaxis, superoxide production and degranulation.	Superoxides	213-223	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	133-137
9707267-4	1998	Angiotensin II blockade also diminishes the production of superoxide anion, which inactivates ambient nitric oxide.	Superoxides	58-74	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	0-14
9642219-2	1998	Superoxide generation by the neutrophil respiratory burst oxidase (NADPH oxidase) can be reconstituted in a cell-free system using flavocytochrome b558 and the cytosolic proteins p47(phox), p67(phox), and Rac.	Superoxides	0-10	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	190-193
9642219-2	1998	Superoxide generation by the neutrophil respiratory burst oxidase (NADPH oxidase) can be reconstituted in a cell-free system using flavocytochrome b558 and the cytosolic proteins p47(phox), p67(phox), and Rac.	Superoxides	0-10	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	205-208
9642219-11	1998	In the presence of wild-type p67(phox), the V204A mutant was a potent inhibitor of superoxide generation, and inhibition was partially reversed by high concentrations of p67(phox), but not by p47(phox) or Rac.	Superoxides	83-93	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	29-32
9642219-11	1998	In the presence of wild-type p67(phox), the V204A mutant was a potent inhibitor of superoxide generation, and inhibition was partially reversed by high concentrations of p67(phox), but not by p47(phox) or Rac.	Superoxides	83-93	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	170-173
9663393-1	1998	Phospholipase D (PLD) activity has been implicated in the regulation of membrane trafficking [1,2], superoxide generation and cytoskeletal remodelling [3,4].	Superoxides	100-110	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	0-15
9663393-1	1998	Phospholipase D (PLD) activity has been implicated in the regulation of membrane trafficking [1,2], superoxide generation and cytoskeletal remodelling [3,4].	Superoxides	100-110	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	17-20
9651192-4	1998	Although only VCAM-1 stimulated EOS superoxide anion (O2-) generation, the addition of GM-CSF (100 pM) to the reactions resulted in a greater and equivalent production of O2- with VCAM-1 and ICAM-1.	Superoxides	36-52	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	14-20
9651192-4	1998	Although only VCAM-1 stimulated EOS superoxide anion (O2-) generation, the addition of GM-CSF (100 pM) to the reactions resulted in a greater and equivalent production of O2- with VCAM-1 and ICAM-1.	Superoxides	171-173	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	180-186
9661561-4	1998	Animals were exposed to 98% oxygen or air for 5 h. Superoxide (HO2) generation was measured in either an aliquot of white blood cells (WBCs) recovered from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) or from blood.	Superoxides	51-61	heme oxygenase 2	Rattus norvegicus	63-66
9721333-3	1998	Reactive O2 species (ROS) can also regulate force generation by vascular smooth muscle through mechanisms including the stimulation of production of vasoactive prostaglandins, the stimulation of sGC by catalase-mediated metabolism of H2O2 and inhibition of sGC activation by superoxide, the activation of protein kinase C, and the modulation of mediator release from the endothelium.	Superoxides	275-285	sarcoglycan beta	Homo sapiens	195-198
9721333-5	1998	For example, NO-elicited stimulation of sGC can be attenuated by superoxide, and this results in the formation of peroxynitrite (ONOO-).	Superoxides	65-75	sarcoglycan beta	Homo sapiens	40-43
9721333-7	1998	It appears that NO inhibits catalase through an O2 and superoxide dependent process which results in inhibition of relaxation mediated by H2O2-elicited stimulation of sGC.	Superoxides	48-50	sarcoglycan beta	Homo sapiens	167-170
9721333-7	1998	It appears that NO inhibits catalase through an O2 and superoxide dependent process which results in inhibition of relaxation mediated by H2O2-elicited stimulation of sGC.	Superoxides	55-65	sarcoglycan beta	Homo sapiens	167-170
9721335-9	1998	Recent findings suggest that the interactions with superoxide radicals, thiols, and metals (particularly with Fe2+) may be important not only in buffering excess NO produced by NOS-2, but also in channeling it from physiologically to pathophysiologically relevant targets.	Superoxides	51-61	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	177-182
9721338-4	1998	The timing of paralleled induction of XO with that of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) indicates efficient simultaneous reaction: NO + O2*- --&gt; ONOO- (peroxynitrite).	Superoxides	131-137	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	54-75
9721338-4	1998	The timing of paralleled induction of XO with that of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) indicates efficient simultaneous reaction: NO + O2*- --&gt; ONOO- (peroxynitrite).	Superoxides	131-137	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	77-81
9717666-7	1998	Extracellular superoxide production measured by the cytochrome c test did not correlate with intracellular rosamine oxidation: it was maximal in cytochalasin-treated cells and did not require any visible receptor rearrangement.	Superoxides	14-24	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	52-64
9733146-9	1998	These results suggest that, during sperm capacitation, Ca2+ induces an elevation in cAMP levels; this cAMP, through undefined serine/threonine protein phosphorylation, stimulates the generation of superoxide anion, which, in turn, causes the increase in p105/81 phosphotyrosine contents.	Superoxides	197-213	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	254-258
9796506-3	1998	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is responsible for the dismutation of the superoxide radicals into hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen.	Superoxides	69-79	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
9796506-3	1998	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is responsible for the dismutation of the superoxide radicals into hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen.	Superoxides	69-79	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
9702785-1	1998	Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), a ubiquitously expressed enzyme, detoxifies superoxide radicals and participates in copper homeostasis.	Superoxides	75-85	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	0-22
9702785-1	1998	Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), a ubiquitously expressed enzyme, detoxifies superoxide radicals and participates in copper homeostasis.	Superoxides	75-85	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	24-28
9699963-11	1998	EC-SOD localization around villous vessels suggests that EC-SOD serves potentially to protect the fetal vasculature from O2-, in both normal and pre-eclamptic pregnancies.	Superoxides	121-123	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	0-6
9699963-11	1998	EC-SOD localization around villous vessels suggests that EC-SOD serves potentially to protect the fetal vasculature from O2-, in both normal and pre-eclamptic pregnancies.	Superoxides	121-123	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	57-63
9624128-1	1998	The superoxide generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes consists, in resting cells, of a membrane-associated electron transporting flavocytochrome (cytochrome b559) and four cytosolic proteins as follows: p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase, Rac(1 or 2).	Superoxides	4-14	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	214-217
9624165-2	1998	Rac1 and Rac2 are specifically required for superoxide formation by components of the NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	44-54	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	9-13
9642115-1	1998	Rac GTPases regulate activation of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase, a multi-component enzyme complex that produces superoxide in response to host infection.	Superoxides	111-121	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
9642137-2	1998	The synthetic L-cystathionine sulfoxide significantly enhanced the superoxide generations induced by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine [fMLP], opsonized zymosan [OZ], arachidonic acid [AA], and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate [PMA].	Superoxides	67-77	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	142-146
9642137-5	1998	On the contrary, CS-II enhanced the superoxide generations induced by fMLP and OZ but not those induced by AA and PMA.	Superoxides	36-46	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	70-74
9642137-6	1998	The superoxide generation induced by PMA with CS-I was suppressed by H-7 and was enhanced by genistein, while that by fMLP with CS-II was suppressed by genistein and was enhanced by H-7.	Superoxides	4-14	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	118-122
9619504-2	1998	The similar pattern of vulnerability in the spinal cord of mutant superoxide dismutase (SOD-1) transgenic mice and mice treated with excitotoxins supports a role for excitotoxicity in the mechanism of degeneration.	Superoxides	66-76	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	88-93
9637711-3	1998	Clinically relevant hypertonicity (10-25 mM) suppressed degranulation and superoxide formation in response to fMLP and blocked the activation of the mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK) ERK1/2 and p38, but did not affect Ca2+ mobilization.	Superoxides	74-84	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	110-114
9612230-2	1998	3-Morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) was used to concurrently generate nitric oxide (.NO) and superoxide (O2-.	Superoxides	101-103	MAPK associated protein 1 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	25-30
9673409-3	1998	The relative potency of PMNs to produce the superoxide anion (O2-) was measured as the reduction of color intensity by addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	44-60	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	131-151
9673409-3	1998	The relative potency of PMNs to produce the superoxide anion (O2-) was measured as the reduction of color intensity by addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	44-60	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	153-156
10076523-4	1998	Recent evidence indicates that, in addition to its bactericidal activity, superoxide seems to function as a signal-transduction messenger, mediating the downstream effects of Ras and Rac in nonphagocytic cells.	Superoxides	74-84	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	183-186
9673409-3	1998	The relative potency of PMNs to produce the superoxide anion (O2-) was measured as the reduction of color intensity by addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	62-64	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	131-151
9673409-3	1998	The relative potency of PMNs to produce the superoxide anion (O2-) was measured as the reduction of color intensity by addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	62-64	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	153-156
9673409-4	1998	When the PMNs were cultured in conventional RPMI1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), the stimulation effect of TNF on O2- generation by PMNs was observed only for the first 6 hours.	Superoxides	141-143	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	134-137
9630365-16	1998	In conclusion, tissue Cu/Zn SOD inhibition elicited a selective lesion in basal endothelial function in rat isolated aortic smooth muscle, consistent with the inactivation of basal NO by superoxide anion.	Superoxides	187-203	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	22-31
9626590-4	1998	On a per nanomole cytochrome P450 basis, CYP3A4 was the most active P450 evaluated in catalyzing NADPH oxidation, production of superoxide anion radical, NADPH-dependent chemiluminescence, oxidation of dichlorofluorescein diacetate, and reduction of either ferric-EDTA or ferric-citrate.	Superoxides	128-152	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	41-47
9702532-10	1998	Quantitation of the superoxide radical was accomplished, with good agreement, by two techniques: the cytochrome c reduction and the ESR quantitation based on the double integration of the first derivative of the ESR signal.	Superoxides	20-38	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	101-113
9653671-1	1998	Several reports have emphasized that aged polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) exhibit an impairment of superoxide anion (O2-) generation when triggered with formyl-methionyl-leucine-phenylalanine (FMLP) in comparison to the younger counterpart.	Superoxides	97-113	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	191-195
9653671-1	1998	Several reports have emphasized that aged polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) exhibit an impairment of superoxide anion (O2-) generation when triggered with formyl-methionyl-leucine-phenylalanine (FMLP) in comparison to the younger counterpart.	Superoxides	115-117	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	191-195
9556559-1	1998	We report that exposure of aconitase to moderate concentrations of peroxynitrite, 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1; a superoxide- and nitric oxide-liberating substance), or hydrogen peroxide, inhibits the enzyme and enhances susceptibility to proteolytic digestion by the isolated 20 S proteasome.	Superoxides	116-126	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	107-112
9556559-3	1998	It should be noted that the superoxide and nitric oxide liberated by SIN-1 decomposition react to form a steady flux of peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	28-38	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	69-74
9556634-7	1998	Bax increased the level of superoxide anion as measured by the expression of superoxide-dependent promoter.	Superoxides	27-43	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	0-3
9556634-7	1998	Bax increased the level of superoxide anion as measured by the expression of superoxide-dependent promoter.	Superoxides	27-37	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	0-3
9556634-9	1998	It is proposed that trace amounts of Bax increase oxygen consumption, triggering generation of superoxide, which affects DNA, leading to bacterial death.	Superoxides	95-105	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	37-40
9571241-6	1998	In addition, a grx1 mutant was sensitive to oxidative stress induced by the superoxide anion, whereas a strain that lacked GRX2 was sensitive to hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	76-92	dithiol glutaredoxin GRX1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	15-19
9642682-2	1998	Previously, neurofilament conglomerates were immunolabeled for both superoxide dismutase (SOD1) and nitrotyrosine, suggesting the potential for oxidative nitration damage to neurofilament protein by peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	68-78	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	90-94
9672898-6	1998	The superoxide anion O2- is the principle agent of oxidative stress and both the cytochrome b5 and the ubiquinone reductase enzymes were semi-purified from sheep liver and shown to produce appreciable amounts of superoxide.	Superoxides	4-14	cytochrome b5	Ovis aries	81-94
9672898-9	1998	We conclude that neuroleptic medication reduces the expression of both the ubiquinone and cytochrome b5 reductase and among the effects of this reduction is a decrease in the production of neurotoxic superoxide.	Superoxides	200-210	cytochrome b5	Ovis aries	90-103
9635370-3	1998	METHODS: Stimulus induced superoxide anion (O2-) production in response to PMA (200 ng/mL), fMLP (1 mumol/L), platelet activating factor (PAF, 2 mumol/L) priming of the fMLP induced response, and opsonized zymosan OZ (1 mg/mL) was measured.	Superoxides	26-42	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	92-96
9635370-3	1998	METHODS: Stimulus induced superoxide anion (O2-) production in response to PMA (200 ng/mL), fMLP (1 mumol/L), platelet activating factor (PAF, 2 mumol/L) priming of the fMLP induced response, and opsonized zymosan OZ (1 mg/mL) was measured.	Superoxides	26-42	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	169-173
9635370-3	1998	METHODS: Stimulus induced superoxide anion (O2-) production in response to PMA (200 ng/mL), fMLP (1 mumol/L), platelet activating factor (PAF, 2 mumol/L) priming of the fMLP induced response, and opsonized zymosan OZ (1 mg/mL) was measured.	Superoxides	44-46	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	92-96
9555838-3	1998	We thus hypothesized that circulating lipid products, generated by sPLA2 cleavage of intravasated bone marrow, prime PMNs for enhanced superoxide anion (O2-) production.	Superoxides	135-151	phospholipase A2 group X	Homo sapiens	67-72
9555838-3	1998	We thus hypothesized that circulating lipid products, generated by sPLA2 cleavage of intravasated bone marrow, prime PMNs for enhanced superoxide anion (O2-) production.	Superoxides	153-155	phospholipase A2 group X	Homo sapiens	67-72
9555838-5	1998	After formyl-methionyleucylphenylalanine (fMLP) activation, O2- production was quantified by the superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	60-62	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	143-155
9587414-10	1998	The superoxide anion (O2-) also stimulated ERK1/2 activity.	Superoxides	4-20	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	43-49
9539776-7	1998	However, in the transgenic hearts with overexpression of SOD1 the burst of superoxide generation was almost totally quenched, and this was accompanied by a 2-fold increase in the recovery of contractile function, a 2.2-fold decrease in infarct size, and a greatly improved recovery of high energy phosphates compared with that in nontransgenic controls.	Superoxides	75-85	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	57-61
9539776-8	1998	These results demonstrate that superoxide is an important mediator of postischemic injury and that increasing intracellular SOD1 dramatically protects the heart from this injury.	Superoxides	31-41	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	124-128
9529106-3	1998	The data showed that human neutrophils pretreated with TNF for 10 to 30 min, displayed significantly enhanced superoxide production in response to LPS (from either Escherichia coli K-235 or E. coli O127:B8), measured as lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence (CL), seen as an increase in the initial peak rate as well as the total CL accumulated over the incubation period.	Superoxides	110-120	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	55-58
9529158-2	1998	We have previously reported that lactosylceramide (LacCer), a ubiquitous GSL, stimulates NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide generation by aortic smooth muscle cells and their consequent proliferation.	Superoxides	113-123	cathepsin A	Homo sapiens	73-76
9516486-1	1998	Copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) is believed to play a major role in the first line of antioxidant defense by catalyzing the dismutation of superoxide anion radicals to form hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen.	Superoxides	151-176	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	34-42
9497319-4	1998	Kinetic analysis showed that the degradation of S-nitrosothiols in the presence of superoxide proceeded at second order rate constants of 76,900 M-1 s-1 (S-nitrosocysteine) and 12,800 M-1 s-1 (S-nitrosoglutathione), respectively, with a stoichiometric ratio of 1 mol of S-nitrosothiol per 2 mol of superoxide.	Superoxides	83-93	tumor associated calcium signal transducer 2	Homo sapiens	145-152
9586797-4	1998	Herbimycin A and genistein decreased the fMLP- and OZ-induced superoxide generations after priming by Pro-Pro.	Superoxides	62-72	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	41-45
9586797-12	1998	Prednisolone improves the ulcers, and this compound decreased the fMLP- and OZ-induced superoxide generation and tyrosyl phosphorylation of 45 kDa protein in the patient"s neutrophils after priming by Pro-Pro.	Superoxides	87-97	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	66-70
9497319-4	1998	Kinetic analysis showed that the degradation of S-nitrosothiols in the presence of superoxide proceeded at second order rate constants of 76,900 M-1 s-1 (S-nitrosocysteine) and 12,800 M-1 s-1 (S-nitrosoglutathione), respectively, with a stoichiometric ratio of 1 mol of S-nitrosothiol per 2 mol of superoxide.	Superoxides	83-93	tumor associated calcium signal transducer 2	Homo sapiens	184-191
9592707-5	1998	Control of coronary vasomotor tone and proliferation processes within the vessel wall are both determined by the redox equilibrium of nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide radicals (O2-), induced by angiotensin II.	Superoxides	156-166	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	194-208
9513905-0	1998	TNF-alpha increases albumin permeability of isolated rat glomeruli through the generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	93-103	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	0-9
9501855-12	1998	The large amounts of EC-SOD in the sclera and cornea may be related to the risk for photochemical production of superoxide in these tissues.	Superoxides	112-122	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	21-27
9513905-10	1998	It is concluded that TNF-alpha derived from glomerular or extraglomerular sources can increase glomerular P(albumin) through generation of superoxide and may lead to proteinuria.	Superoxides	139-149	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	21-30
9655092-5	1998	PMN .O2- production was measured by a cytochrome c reduction assay in the presence or absence of either phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA, 0.4 microgram/ml) or N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP, 1 microM) and also after priming with 2000 nM platelet-activating factor (PAF) followed by activation with either PMA or FMLP.	Superoxides	5-7	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	204-208
9570746-9	1998	SOD prevented sperm capacitation triggered by the inducers mentioned above, but only when SOD was added at the beginning of incubation, and not after 30 minutes, indicating that the O2.- initiates a chain of early events leading to sperm capacitation.	Superoxides	182-184	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
9570746-9	1998	SOD prevented sperm capacitation triggered by the inducers mentioned above, but only when SOD was added at the beginning of incubation, and not after 30 minutes, indicating that the O2.- initiates a chain of early events leading to sperm capacitation.	Superoxides	182-184	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	90-93
9498791-3	1998	We show that neutrophils that have experienced an intracellular calcium rise obtained through interaction with the calcium-specific ionophore ionomycin are "primed" with respect to the FMLP-induced production of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	212-229	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	185-189
9498791-7	1998	We show that a rapid termination of FMLP-induced superoxide anion production is obtained in both desensitizable and nondesensitizable neutrophils, suggesting that the desensitization phenomenon is of limited importance in the oxidase termination process.	Superoxides	49-65	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	36-40
9655092-5	1998	PMN .O2- production was measured by a cytochrome c reduction assay in the presence or absence of either phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA, 0.4 microgram/ml) or N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP, 1 microM) and also after priming with 2000 nM platelet-activating factor (PAF) followed by activation with either PMA or FMLP.	Superoxides	5-7	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	331-335
9468506-0	1998	A role for superoxide in protein kinase C activation and induction of long-term potentiation.	Superoxides	11-21	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	25-41
9468506-2	1998	It is known that reactive oxygen species, including superoxide, are produced by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation in neurons, and recent studies have suggested that some reactive oxygen species can modulate PKC in vitro.	Superoxides	52-62	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	214-217
9468506-3	1998	Thus, we have investigated the role of superoxide in both the induction of LTP and the activation of PKC during LTP.	Superoxides	39-49	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	101-104
9468506-5	1998	The effects of superoxide on LTP induction may involve PKC, as we observed that superoxide was required for appropriate modulation of PKC activation during the induction of LTP.	Superoxides	15-25	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	55-58
9468506-5	1998	The effects of superoxide on LTP induction may involve PKC, as we observed that superoxide was required for appropriate modulation of PKC activation during the induction of LTP.	Superoxides	15-25	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	134-137
9468506-5	1998	The effects of superoxide on LTP induction may involve PKC, as we observed that superoxide was required for appropriate modulation of PKC activation during the induction of LTP.	Superoxides	80-90	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	55-58
9468506-5	1998	The effects of superoxide on LTP induction may involve PKC, as we observed that superoxide was required for appropriate modulation of PKC activation during the induction of LTP.	Superoxides	80-90	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	134-137
9468506-6	1998	In this respect, superoxide appears to work in conjunction with nitric oxide, which was required for a portion of the LTP-associated changes in PKC activity as well.	Superoxides	17-27	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	144-147
9468506-7	1998	Our observations indicate that superoxide and nitric oxide together regulate PKC in a physiologic context and that this type of regulation occurs during the induction of LTP in the hippocampus.	Superoxides	31-41	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	77-80
9469462-5	1998	Inhibition of the cellular p38 MAP kinase activation almost completely abolished the TNF-alpha-stimulated IL-8 production and superoxide generation of human neutrophils.	Superoxides	126-136	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	27-30
9469462-5	1998	Inhibition of the cellular p38 MAP kinase activation almost completely abolished the TNF-alpha-stimulated IL-8 production and superoxide generation of human neutrophils.	Superoxides	126-136	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	85-94
9469462-6	1998	In addition, the FMLP-induced neutrophil chemotaxis as well as superoxide generation were suppressed markedly by inhibiting the activation of cellular p38 MAP kinase, but not p44/42 MAP kinase.	Superoxides	63-73	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	17-21
9469462-6	1998	In addition, the FMLP-induced neutrophil chemotaxis as well as superoxide generation were suppressed markedly by inhibiting the activation of cellular p38 MAP kinase, but not p44/42 MAP kinase.	Superoxides	63-73	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	151-165
9461621-2	1998	Anionic amphiphiles, such as arachidonate, activate the superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase in a cell-free system with human neutrophil membrane, which contains cytochrome b558 comprising gp91(phox) and p22(phox), and three cytosolic proteins: p47(phox) and p67(phox), each harboring two SH3 domains, and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	56-66	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	267-270
9461621-2	1998	Anionic amphiphiles, such as arachidonate, activate the superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase in a cell-free system with human neutrophil membrane, which contains cytochrome b558 comprising gp91(phox) and p22(phox), and three cytosolic proteins: p47(phox) and p67(phox), each harboring two SH3 domains, and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	56-66	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	331-334
9452441-1	1998	Nitric oxide (NO), a physiologically important activator of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), is synthesized from L-arginine and O2 in a reaction catalyzed by NO synthases (NOS).	Superoxides	127-129	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	157-169
9452441-7	1998	The NO/O-2 donor SIN-1 caused only a slight accumulation of cGMP in the absence of GSH but was almost as effective as DEA/NO in the presence of the thiol.	Superoxides	7-10	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	17-22
9551717-7	1998	Inhibition of reactive oxygen species by superoxide dismutase and/or catalase, which decompose O2-.	Superoxides	95-97	catalase	Homo sapiens	69-77
9541643-12	1998	Examination using cytochrome c suggest that superoxide was generated from 2,5-DMHF.	Superoxides	44-54	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	18-30
9484979-11	1998	High EC-SOD expression in the arterial wall may be required not only to prevent deleterious effects of superoxide anion but also to preserve NO activity and prevent peroxynitrite formation.	Superoxides	103-119	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	5-11
9514602-5	1998	In addition, verapamil inhibited superoxide anion when human neutrophils were stimulated by PMA, fMLP, dioctanoylglycerol (DiC8), Ca.I or by opsonised zymosan (OZ).	Superoxides	33-49	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	97-101
9555838-8	1998	RESULTS: PMNs incubated with sPLA2-lysed bone marrow were primed for more than 3.5 times greater fMLP-induced O2- production.	Superoxides	110-112	phospholipase A2 group X	Homo sapiens	29-34
9438552-1	1998	We have demonstrated using the reduction of cytochrome c, that the keratinocyte cell line H357 generates superoxide at significant rates (8.36 nmol/h/10[6] cells).	Superoxides	105-115	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	44-56
9438552-3	1998	Superoxide production was increased more than twofold following preincubation with IL-1beta, or by the addition of the Ca2+ ionophore, Ionomycin.	Superoxides	0-10	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	83-91
9438558-1	1998	In vitro studies have demonstrated that mercaptoethylguanidine (MEG), a selective inhibitor of the inducible NO synthase (iNOS), is also effective as a scavenger of peroxynitrite (a potent cytotoxic oxidant produced by the reaction of NO and superoxide).	Superoxides	242-252	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	99-120
9438558-1	1998	In vitro studies have demonstrated that mercaptoethylguanidine (MEG), a selective inhibitor of the inducible NO synthase (iNOS), is also effective as a scavenger of peroxynitrite (a potent cytotoxic oxidant produced by the reaction of NO and superoxide).	Superoxides	242-252	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	122-126
9645394-3	1998	The inhibitors of the iNOS pathway, aminoguanidine and NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), suppressed the production of .NO and enhanced the steady-state concentration of O2.- determined.	Superoxides	170-172	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	22-26
9645394-4	1998	Conversely, superoxide dismutase (SOD) scavenged the O2.- released and increased the .NO-derived nitrite concentration detected.	Superoxides	53-55	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	12-32
9645394-4	1998	Conversely, superoxide dismutase (SOD) scavenged the O2.- released and increased the .NO-derived nitrite concentration detected.	Superoxides	53-55	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	34-37
9498504-6	1998	Superoxide generation was measured by cytochrome c reduction, elastase release was measured by cleavage of methoxysuccinyl-ala-ala-pro-val-p-nitroanilide, and CD11b was measured by fluorescent monoclonal antibody staining.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	38-50
9461097-14	1998	Superoxide anion and nitrotyrosine generating cells were also found at all time points, but were most abundantly present at four days after perfusion, coinciding with the peak in iNOS expression.	Superoxides	0-16	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	179-183
9521488-2	1998	Bradykinin stimulated the secretion of superoxide radical, arachidonic acid and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) via the bradykinin B2 receptor subtype in peritoneal macrophages, indicated by complete inhibitory effect of the bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist HOE 140.	Superoxides	39-57	B2 bradykinin receptor	Cavia porcellus	112-134
9427721-1	1998	Activation of human peripheral blood neutrophils by pathogens or by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), fMLP, or myeloid growth factors generates a respiratory burst in which superoxide production plays an important role in killing invading microorganisms.	Superoxides	172-182	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	101-105
9427721-7	1998	In contrast, genistein inhibited fMLP-induced superoxide production, but had little effect on the PMA-induced response, while staurosporine differentially inhibited PMA-induced superoxide production.	Superoxides	46-56	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
9435318-4	1998	LPS pretreatment increased superoxide (O2-) generation nearly 10-fold in response to N-formyl methionyl leucyl phenylalanine (fMLP).	Superoxides	27-37	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	126-130
9435318-4	1998	LPS pretreatment increased superoxide (O2-) generation nearly 10-fold in response to N-formyl methionyl leucyl phenylalanine (fMLP).	Superoxides	39-41	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	126-130
9435318-8	1998	However, PMNs treated sequentially with LPS and fMLP showed a three- to sixfold increase (compared with either agent alone) in plasma membrane-associated p47-phox, p67-phox, and Rac2, and translocation paralleled augmented O2- generation by intact PMNs.	Superoxides	223-225	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
9551934-1	1998	Arachidonic acid (AA) released from membrane phospholipids by phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is important as a substrate for eicosanoid formation and as a second messenger for superoxide anion (O2-) generation in neutrophils.	Superoxides	169-185	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	62-78
9551934-1	1998	Arachidonic acid (AA) released from membrane phospholipids by phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is important as a substrate for eicosanoid formation and as a second messenger for superoxide anion (O2-) generation in neutrophils.	Superoxides	169-185	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	80-84
9551934-1	1998	Arachidonic acid (AA) released from membrane phospholipids by phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is important as a substrate for eicosanoid formation and as a second messenger for superoxide anion (O2-) generation in neutrophils.	Superoxides	187-189	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	62-78
9551934-1	1998	Arachidonic acid (AA) released from membrane phospholipids by phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is important as a substrate for eicosanoid formation and as a second messenger for superoxide anion (O2-) generation in neutrophils.	Superoxides	187-189	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	80-84
9551934-10	1998	These data suggest that Aroclor 1242 and A23187 activate distinct isoforms of PLA2 that are linked to different functions: Aroclor 1242 activates a calcium-independent PLA2 that releases AA for the generation of O2-, and A23187 activates a calcium-dependent PLA2 that mobilizes AA for eicosanoid production.	Superoxides	212-214	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	78-82
9551934-10	1998	These data suggest that Aroclor 1242 and A23187 activate distinct isoforms of PLA2 that are linked to different functions: Aroclor 1242 activates a calcium-independent PLA2 that releases AA for the generation of O2-, and A23187 activates a calcium-dependent PLA2 that mobilizes AA for eicosanoid production.	Superoxides	212-214	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	168-172
9551934-10	1998	These data suggest that Aroclor 1242 and A23187 activate distinct isoforms of PLA2 that are linked to different functions: Aroclor 1242 activates a calcium-independent PLA2 that releases AA for the generation of O2-, and A23187 activates a calcium-dependent PLA2 that mobilizes AA for eicosanoid production.	Superoxides	212-214	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	168-172
9779168-1	1998	To analyze the effect of lecithinized superoxide dismutase (SOD) on superoxide accumulation after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats, we studied the SOD activity by NBT-reducing method and the expression of Cu,Zn-SOD mRNA by Northern blot analysis.	Superoxides	38-48	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	60-63
9779168-6	1998	These results support the hypothesis that superoxide anions may play an important role in the development of brain edema after TBI, and that leciyhinized SOD appears to prevent brain edema through a protective effect against superoxide anions.	Superoxides	225-242	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	154-157
9543282-5	1998	Superoxide anion release was measured by a spectrophotometric method based on the superoxide dismutase (SOD) -inhibitable reduction of ferricytochrome C by blood monocytes from untreated patients and asthmatics treated with i.v., inhaled and oral corticosteroids.	Superoxides	0-16	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	82-102
9543282-5	1998	Superoxide anion release was measured by a spectrophotometric method based on the superoxide dismutase (SOD) -inhibitable reduction of ferricytochrome C by blood monocytes from untreated patients and asthmatics treated with i.v., inhaled and oral corticosteroids.	Superoxides	0-16	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	104-107
9423851-7	1998	Antibodies against the gamma chain of the IL-2 receptor and, to a lesser extent, against the beta chain partially abrogated the IL-15-mediated enhanced superoxide production.	Superoxides	152-162	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	42-46
9423860-1	1998	Meningococcal sodC encodes periplasmic copper- and zinc-cofactored superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn SOD) which catalyzes the conversion of the superoxide radical anion to hydrogen peroxide, preventing a sequence of reactions leading to production of toxic hydroxyl free radicals.	Superoxides	138-162	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	14-18
9423860-1	1998	Meningococcal sodC encodes periplasmic copper- and zinc-cofactored superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn SOD) which catalyzes the conversion of the superoxide radical anion to hydrogen peroxide, preventing a sequence of reactions leading to production of toxic hydroxyl free radicals.	Superoxides	138-162	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	89-98
9423860-6	1998	These data support a role for meningococcal Cu,Zn SOD in protection against exogenous superoxide.	Superoxides	86-96	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	44-53
9414487-3	1998	The catalytic efficiency of the complexes for dismutation of superoxide radicals depends on the particular anion liganded to Cu(II) ion in the complexes, and the order of potency was observed to be ClO4 &gt; Cl &gt; NO3 in phosphate buffer at pH 7.40.	Superoxides	61-71	NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist	Homo sapiens	216-219
9443792-7	1998	Osteoclast superoxide production, monitored kinetically by cytochrome c reduction and histochemically by nitroblue tetrazolium reduction staining, was significantly greater in the presence of 121F, but not 29C, Fab treatment.	Superoxides	11-21	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	59-71
9412501-4	1998	Sod2 -/+ mice demonstrated a prominent increase in O2- production under normal physiological conditions and in ischemia, as evidenced by specific oxidation of a fluorescent probe, hydroethidine, reflecting decreased activity of Mn-SOD.	Superoxides	51-53	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	0-4
9422377-5	1998	Catalase effectively reduced C-DCDHF-DA but not HEt fluorescence, whereas SOD reduced HEt but not C-DCDHF-DA fluorescence, indicating that HEt and C-DCDHF-DA fluorescence correlated with O2- and hydrogen peroxide, respectively.	Superoxides	187-189	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	74-77
9816701-6	1998	The cytosolic [Ca2+] and protein kinase C responses were highly upregulated along with enhanced superoxide production in the early phase of burn injury.	Superoxides	96-106	carbonic anhydrase 2	Rattus norvegicus	15-18
9603282-7	1998	Added enzymatic antioxidants, superoxide dismutase or catalase, scavenging superoxide anions and H2O2, suppressed this enhanced proliferation.	Superoxides	75-92	catalase	Homo sapiens	54-62
9654608-13	1998	In additional to activation of neutrophils in preeclampsia, there may be involvement of the interleukin-6 and endothelin-1 in "priming" neutrophils for subsequent superoxide production.	Superoxides	163-173	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	92-105
9654608-13	1998	In additional to activation of neutrophils in preeclampsia, there may be involvement of the interleukin-6 and endothelin-1 in "priming" neutrophils for subsequent superoxide production.	Superoxides	163-173	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	110-122
9455977-1	1997	Mutations of the SOD1 gene, which encodes the enzyme copper/zinc superoxide dismutase, are associated with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).	Superoxides	65-75	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	17-21
9425254-1	1997	The cytosolic proteins p47phox and p67phox, each containing two SH3 domains, are required for activation of the superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase in a cell-free system with human neutrophil membrane and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	112-122	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	231-234
9704061-2	1997	TNF stimulates neutrophil adherence, degranulation, and superoxide production, but inhibits neutrophil migration.	Superoxides	56-66	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
9488002-6	1997	Chemically generated superoxide also induced expression of nitric oxide synthase possibly due to direct activation of the nuclear transcription factor NF kappa B, an effect prevented by both an antioxidant and TGF beta 1 pretreatment.	Superoxides	21-31	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	210-220
9415643-6	1997	We measured the generation of superoxide by cytochrome c reduction and myeloperoxidase (MPO) dependent products using peak luminol chemiluminescence.	Superoxides	30-40	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	44-56
9548461-2	1997	Our previous work in human myeloid cells showed that ligation of CD38 with mAbs (HB-7 and T-16; IgG1 subclass) not only induced protein-tyrosine phosphorylation but also potentiated superoxide generation stimulated by G protein-coupled receptors.	Superoxides	182-192	immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 1 (G1m marker)	Mus musculus	96-100
9348345-6	1997	Mutant SOD-expressing PC12 cells had higher rates of superoxide (O2-) production under a variety of conditions.	Superoxides	53-63	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	7-10
9396461-6	1997	Administration of superoxide dismutase and catalase revealed that O2- but not H2O2, was mitogenic to VSMCs, whereas H2O2 was responsible for VSMC death.	Superoxides	66-68	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	43-51
9366435-5	1997	Both PD098059 and SB203580 inhibited FMLP-stimulated superoxide release, as did inhibitors directed against protein kinase C, tyrosine kinases, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase.	Superoxides	53-63	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	37-41
9366432-3	1997	Other IL-8-induced biologic functions, such as superoxide generation, intracellular Ca2+ mobilization, and enzyme release were also reduced in hamycin-treated cells by 50 to 75%.	Superoxides	47-57	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	6-10
9401546-4	1997	Other effects of GH on the immune system appear to be direct, such as priming monocytes for enhanced production of hydrogen peroxide in response to phorbol esters, and stimulating neutrophils to secrete superoxide anions associated with enhanced phagocytic activity.	Superoxides	203-220	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	17-19
9372693-6	1997	In addition, [SP-C]2 induced increased superoxide anion release at an early phase (6 to 12 h) and an increase in glutathione content at 24 h of incubation.	Superoxides	39-55	surfactant protein C	Rattus norvegicus	14-18
9372693-7	1997	At 3 d after incubation, cellular glutathione and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content were significantly decreased in cells treated with [SP-C]2, [SP-C]2 was presumed to cause early cell death through increased formation of superoxide anion and the subsequent derangement of cellular metabolism.	Superoxides	225-241	surfactant protein C	Rattus norvegicus	139-143
9372693-7	1997	At 3 d after incubation, cellular glutathione and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content were significantly decreased in cells treated with [SP-C]2, [SP-C]2 was presumed to cause early cell death through increased formation of superoxide anion and the subsequent derangement of cellular metabolism.	Superoxides	225-241	surfactant protein C	Rattus norvegicus	148-152
9363374-2	1997	Increased expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and subsequent elevation of nitric oxide (NO) levels at inflammatory sites have led to the suggestion that peroxynitrite (the reaction product of superoxide and NO) is involved in pro-inflammatory processes.	Superoxides	209-219	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	24-55
9363374-2	1997	Increased expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and subsequent elevation of nitric oxide (NO) levels at inflammatory sites have led to the suggestion that peroxynitrite (the reaction product of superoxide and NO) is involved in pro-inflammatory processes.	Superoxides	209-219	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	57-61
9369274-0	1997	Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition alters nitric oxide and superoxide release in normotensive and hypertensive rats.	Superoxides	65-75	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Rattus norvegicus	0-29
9428622-8	1997	Interestingly, these vascular consequences of in vivo NTG treatment such as superoxide production and PKC activation can be mimicked in vitro by incubating cultured endothelial and smooth muscle cells with angiotensin II.	Superoxides	76-86	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	206-220
9350664-0	1997	Recombinant human erythropoietin enhances superoxide production by FMLP-stimulated polymorphonuclear leukocytes in hemodialysis patients.	Superoxides	42-52	erythropoietin	Homo sapiens	18-32
9350664-0	1997	Recombinant human erythropoietin enhances superoxide production by FMLP-stimulated polymorphonuclear leukocytes in hemodialysis patients.	Superoxides	42-52	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	67-71
9350664-4	1997	The in vivo study showed that rHuEPO therapy for 12 weeks enhanced the superoxide production by FMLP-stimulated PMNs (P &lt; 0.01).	Superoxides	71-81	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	96-100
9350664-8	1997	However, preincubation of rHuEPO enhanced superoxide production from FMLP- and STZ-stimulated PMNs.	Superoxides	42-52	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	69-73
9350664-9	1997	Our results indicate that rHuEPO enhanced FMLP-stimulated superoxide production of PMNs both in vivo and in vitro in hemodialysis patients, which may be responsible for the increased oxidant stress in hemodialysis patients after rHuEPO therapy.	Superoxides	58-68	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	42-46
9343365-0	1997	Activation of liver mitochondrial phospholipase A2 by superoxide.	Superoxides	54-64	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	34-50
9343365-7	1997	This suggests that superoxide anion stimulates phospholipase A2 which is prevented by superoxide scavenging agents and PLA2 inhibitors.	Superoxides	19-35	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	47-63
9343365-7	1997	This suggests that superoxide anion stimulates phospholipase A2 which is prevented by superoxide scavenging agents and PLA2 inhibitors.	Superoxides	19-35	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	119-123
9343365-7	1997	This suggests that superoxide anion stimulates phospholipase A2 which is prevented by superoxide scavenging agents and PLA2 inhibitors.	Superoxides	19-29	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	47-63
9343365-7	1997	This suggests that superoxide anion stimulates phospholipase A2 which is prevented by superoxide scavenging agents and PLA2 inhibitors.	Superoxides	19-29	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	119-123
9370364-1	1997	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytic cells is a multicomponent system containing a membrane-bound flavocytochrome b and a small G protein Rac as well as cytosolic factors p67phox, p47phox and p40phox which translocate to the membrane upon activation.	Superoxides	4-14	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	163-166
9345297-3	1997	The superoxide radical generated was completely scavenged by SOD during the late phase of TSH-treatment, presumably as an adaptive measure to check the oxygen burst.	Superoxides	4-22	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	61-64
9337212-0	1997	Platelet-derived growth factor-stimulated superoxide anion production modulates activation of transcription factor NF-kappaB and expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 in human aortic smooth muscle cells.	Superoxides	42-58	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	115-124
9337212-11	1997	This PDGF-induced O2.- production may be involved in vascular lesion formation by mediating, at least in part, NF-kappaB activation and MCP-1 induction.	Superoxides	18-20	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	111-120
9375974-10	1997	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), which catalyzes the conversion of superoxide anion to H2O2 had no significant effect on LTB4 production by human neutrophils.	Superoxides	62-78	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
9375974-10	1997	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), which catalyzes the conversion of superoxide anion to H2O2 had no significant effect on LTB4 production by human neutrophils.	Superoxides	62-78	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
9402301-1	1997	Superoxide, an agent which attenuates the half-life of nitric oxide, is metabolized and synthesized by superoxide dismutase (SOD) and xanthine oxidase, respectively.	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	103-123
9402301-1	1997	Superoxide, an agent which attenuates the half-life of nitric oxide, is metabolized and synthesized by superoxide dismutase (SOD) and xanthine oxidase, respectively.	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	125-128
9402301-11	1997	These results show that the pregnant uterus is capable of both synthesizing and degrading superoxide and suggest that superoxide dismutase and xanthine oxidase may play a role in the maintenance of uterine quiescence during pregnancy, but not in the initiation of parturition.	Superoxides	90-100	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	118-138
9335413-9	1997	The results suggest that A beta deposition in coronary resistance arteries causes endothelial damage that is mediated through superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	126-136	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	25-31
9386357-3	1997	The PAM model suggested that TNF-alpha and GM-CSF could activate PAM to restrict the intracellular growth of the bacteria, probably not through the superoxide anion release, but through the myeloperoxidasae-halide system.	Superoxides	148-164	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	29-38
9425624-8	1997	Our results suggest that: (1) the repeated administration of 5-HT induced inflammatory gastric lesions in the rat stomach; (2) iNOS is upreguated during 5-HT treatment, and NO produced by iNOS contributes to development of gastric lesions in response to 5-HT, in addition to the oxyradical formation, and (3) the deleterious role of NO in this model may be accounted for by a cytotoxic action of peroxynitrite that is formed in the presence of NO and superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	451-461	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	127-131
9425624-8	1997	Our results suggest that: (1) the repeated administration of 5-HT induced inflammatory gastric lesions in the rat stomach; (2) iNOS is upreguated during 5-HT treatment, and NO produced by iNOS contributes to development of gastric lesions in response to 5-HT, in addition to the oxyradical formation, and (3) the deleterious role of NO in this model may be accounted for by a cytotoxic action of peroxynitrite that is formed in the presence of NO and superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	451-461	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	188-192
9333325-0	1997	Endothelial nitric oxide synthase-dependent superoxide generation from adriamycin.	Superoxides	44-54	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	0-33
9333325-7	1997	Adriamycin binds to eNOS with a Km of approximately 5 microM, as calculated from both eNOS-dependent NADPH consumption and superoxide generation.	Superoxides	123-133	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	20-24
9333325-10	1997	A consequence of eNOS-mediated reductive activation of adriamycin is the disruption of the balance between nitric oxide and superoxide.	Superoxides	124-134	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	17-21
9310121-1	1997	We have demonstrated recently that methotrexate (MTX) inhibits superoxide generation and chemotaxis induced by N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) in neutrophils primed by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF).	Superoxides	63-73	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	151-155
9310121-2	1997	To extend these observations, we examined the in vitro effect of MTX on fMLP-stimulated superoxide generation and chemotaxis in neutrophils primed by either tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) or bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS).	Superoxides	88-98	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	72-76
9310121-3	1997	MTX inhibited superoxide generation and chemotaxis more efficiently in TNF-alpha- or LPS-primed neutrophils than in unprimed neutrophils.	Superoxides	14-24	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	71-80
9278333-5	1997	Furthermore, the TGF-beta1-induced M-CSF mRNA expression was inhibited by catalase, but not by superoxide dismutase, suggesting that H2O2 rather than superoxide anion (O2.-) is the primary mediator of the effects of TGF-beta1.	Superoxides	150-166	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	17-26
9278333-5	1997	Furthermore, the TGF-beta1-induced M-CSF mRNA expression was inhibited by catalase, but not by superoxide dismutase, suggesting that H2O2 rather than superoxide anion (O2.-) is the primary mediator of the effects of TGF-beta1.	Superoxides	135-137	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	17-26
9358529-8	1997	In common with a role for PLA2 and the subsequent release of arachidonic acid (AA), we have demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition of PDE-induced superoxide release by the PLA2 inhibitor mepacrine, as well as activation and priming of the fMLP-induced superoxide generation by AA.	Superoxides	146-156	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	26-30
9358529-8	1997	In common with a role for PLA2 and the subsequent release of arachidonic acid (AA), we have demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition of PDE-induced superoxide release by the PLA2 inhibitor mepacrine, as well as activation and priming of the fMLP-induced superoxide generation by AA.	Superoxides	146-156	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	172-176
9358529-8	1997	In common with a role for PLA2 and the subsequent release of arachidonic acid (AA), we have demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition of PDE-induced superoxide release by the PLA2 inhibitor mepacrine, as well as activation and priming of the fMLP-induced superoxide generation by AA.	Superoxides	252-262	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	172-176
9294870-1	1997	Key charged residues in Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn SOD) promote electrostatic steering of the superoxide substrate to the active site Cu ion, resulting in dismutation of superoxide to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, Lys-136, along with the adjacent residues Glu-132 and Glu-133, forms a proposed electrostatic triad contributing to substrate recognition.	Superoxides	30-40	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	52-61
9294870-1	1997	Key charged residues in Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn SOD) promote electrostatic steering of the superoxide substrate to the active site Cu ion, resulting in dismutation of superoxide to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, Lys-136, along with the adjacent residues Glu-132 and Glu-133, forms a proposed electrostatic triad contributing to substrate recognition.	Superoxides	101-111	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	24-50
9294870-1	1997	Key charged residues in Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn SOD) promote electrostatic steering of the superoxide substrate to the active site Cu ion, resulting in dismutation of superoxide to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, Lys-136, along with the adjacent residues Glu-132 and Glu-133, forms a proposed electrostatic triad contributing to substrate recognition.	Superoxides	101-111	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	52-61
9305796-4	1997	However, neutrophils exposed to 50 nM calyculin A and the chemotactic peptide formyl-met-leu-phe (FMLP, 100 nM) displayed markedly enhanced O2- production in comparison to cells stimulated with FMLP alone (28.63 +/- 7.00 versus 8.69 +/- 3.69 nmol O2-/1.5 x 10(6) neutrophils/5 min, respectively, n = 18, p &lt; 0.001), with an increased duration of O2- production.	Superoxides	140-142	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	98-102
9305796-4	1997	However, neutrophils exposed to 50 nM calyculin A and the chemotactic peptide formyl-met-leu-phe (FMLP, 100 nM) displayed markedly enhanced O2- production in comparison to cells stimulated with FMLP alone (28.63 +/- 7.00 versus 8.69 +/- 3.69 nmol O2-/1.5 x 10(6) neutrophils/5 min, respectively, n = 18, p &lt; 0.001), with an increased duration of O2- production.	Superoxides	247-249	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	98-102
9305796-4	1997	However, neutrophils exposed to 50 nM calyculin A and the chemotactic peptide formyl-met-leu-phe (FMLP, 100 nM) displayed markedly enhanced O2- production in comparison to cells stimulated with FMLP alone (28.63 +/- 7.00 versus 8.69 +/- 3.69 nmol O2-/1.5 x 10(6) neutrophils/5 min, respectively, n = 18, p &lt; 0.001), with an increased duration of O2- production.	Superoxides	247-249	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	98-102
9365024-7	1997	PUT-SOD administered in combination with PUT-CAT may eliminate both the superoxide radical and the H2O2 produced from the dismutation of superoxide, respectively, and thus prevent the formation of hydroxyl radicals.	Superoxides	72-90	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	45-48
9365024-7	1997	PUT-SOD administered in combination with PUT-CAT may eliminate both the superoxide radical and the H2O2 produced from the dismutation of superoxide, respectively, and thus prevent the formation of hydroxyl radicals.	Superoxides	72-82	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	45-48
9264557-4	1997	When cultured cells were subjected to treatment with paraquat to assess their ability to grow in the presence of high levels of superoxide radicals, Sod1-/- cells were 80 times more sensitive and Sod2-/- cells were 12 times more sensitive to paraquat than wild-type cells.	Superoxides	128-147	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	149-153
9264557-4	1997	When cultured cells were subjected to treatment with paraquat to assess their ability to grow in the presence of high levels of superoxide radicals, Sod1-/- cells were 80 times more sensitive and Sod2-/- cells were 12 times more sensitive to paraquat than wild-type cells.	Superoxides	128-147	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	196-200
9268712-0	1997	Tetrahydrobiopterin regulates superoxide and nitric oxide generation by recombinant endothelial nitric oxide synthase.	Superoxides	30-40	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	84-117
9268712-2	1997	Recent in vivo studies suggest that NOS III may also be a source of superoxide production, which would limit its role as a NO-producing enzyme.	Superoxides	68-78	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	36-43
9268712-3	1997	In the current study we examined both the NO and the superoxide generating potential of recombinant NOS III obtained from a baculovirus/Sf9 expression system.	Superoxides	53-63	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	100-107
9268712-4	1997	Using lucigenin chemiluminesence we could indeed demonstrate (superoxide dismutase inhibitable) superoxide production by NOS III.	Superoxides	62-72	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	121-128
9268712-7	1997	Superoxide generation by NOS III could be completely inhibited by diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), an inhibitor of the flavin moiety of the enzyme, indicating that this group is a main source of superoxide production by the enzyme.	Superoxides	0-10	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	25-32
9268712-7	1997	Superoxide generation by NOS III could be completely inhibited by diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), an inhibitor of the flavin moiety of the enzyme, indicating that this group is a main source of superoxide production by the enzyme.	Superoxides	189-199	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	25-32
9268712-10	1997	NOS III thus appears to be a superoxide generating enzyme probably through its flavin moiety, as well as a BH4-dependent NO producing enzyme.	Superoxides	29-39	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	0-7
9280288-5	1997	On the other hand, nitric oxide and superoxide generated concomitantly from 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) did not induce appreciable hemolysis, while it converted hemoglobin to methemoglobin extensively.	Superoxides	36-46	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	101-106
9263993-0	1997	Nitric oxide and superoxide induced p53 and Bax accumulation during mesangial cell apoptosis.	Superoxides	17-27	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	36-39
9313805-2	1997	In the human placenta, SOD may prevent excessive superoxide accumulation and any potential deleterious oxidative effects.	Superoxides	49-59	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	23-26
9245487-7	1997	With respect to control, IL-8 induced biological responses e.g. IL-8 directed migration, intracellular Ca2+ release and superoxide release are significantly reduced by 77%, 94% and 76%, respectively, in presence of MDC.	Superoxides	120-130	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	25-29
9213223-3	1997	To quantify the relatively large amount of O2.- generated over a 40-min period by 1 x 10(6) granulocytes/mL, a discontinuous "10-min pulse" method employing cytochrome c was used; 140 nmol O2.- per 1 x 10(6) cells was detected.	Superoxides	43-45	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	157-169
9231752-0	1997	Differential vulnerability of the CA1 and CA3 subfields of the hippocampus to superoxide and hydroxyl radicals in vitro.	Superoxides	78-88	carbonic anhydrase 3	Homo sapiens	42-45
9231752-2	1997	Cultures exposed to 100 microM duroquinone, a superoxide-generating compound, for 3 h developed CA1-selective lesions over a period of 24 h. The damage accounted for approximately 64% of the CA1 subfield, whereas CA3 showed just 6% damage, a pattern of damage comparable to that observed following hypoxia/ischaemia.	Superoxides	46-56	carbonic anhydrase 3	Homo sapiens	213-216
9263993-0	1997	Nitric oxide and superoxide induced p53 and Bax accumulation during mesangial cell apoptosis.	Superoxides	17-27	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	44-47
9228059-4	1997	Mutually facilitated binding (EC50) of Rac1 and p67(phox) within the NADPH oxidase complex was demonstrated using steady state kinetic methods measuring NADPH-dependent superoxide generation.	Superoxides	169-179	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	48-51
9379906-4	1997	A sodC mutant of S. typhimurium was unimpaired on aerobic growth in rich medium but showed enhanced sensitivity in vitro to the microbicidal action of superoxide.	Superoxides	151-161	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	2-6
9262168-0	1997	Superoxide free radical and intracellular calcium mediate A beta(1-42) induced endothelial toxicity.	Superoxides	0-10	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	58-64
9262168-10	1997	Human aortic endothelial cells are more sensitive to A beta(1-42) than A beta(1-40), via a pathway involving an excess of superoxide free radicals and influx of extracellular calcium.	Superoxides	122-132	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	53-59
9262168-10	1997	Human aortic endothelial cells are more sensitive to A beta(1-42) than A beta(1-40), via a pathway involving an excess of superoxide free radicals and influx of extracellular calcium.	Superoxides	122-132	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	71-77
9236411-11	1997	However, upregulation of eNOS and NO release is associated with a marked concomitant increase of O2- production.	Superoxides	97-99	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	25-29
9278151-8	1997	The simultaneous generation of superoxide and nitric oxide proved to be as efficient as a bolus of peroxynitrite which supports a possible inactivation of prostacyclin synthase under in vivo conditions.	Superoxides	31-41	prostaglandin I2 synthase	Homo sapiens	155-176
9214459-11	1997	After 24 hours of preservation, superoxide generation was inhibited in the control livers by anti-TNF antiserum, whereas TNF release was not inhibited by superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	32-42	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	98-101
9214459-12	1997	These results suggest that TNF induces superoxide generation by Kupffer cells, which mediates neutrophil accumulation and causes cellular injury in the initial phase of reperfusion.	Superoxides	39-49	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	27-30
9271316-1	1997	Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) is reported to cause tissue damage via enhanced neutrophil (PMNL) degranulation, superoxide production and altered PMNL migration.	Superoxides	115-125	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-27
9299852-4	1997	Superoxide (O2) production was measured by superoxide inhibitable cytochrome c reduction as well as by an NBT densitometric kinetic test.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	66-78
9299852-4	1997	Superoxide (O2) production was measured by superoxide inhibitable cytochrome c reduction as well as by an NBT densitometric kinetic test.	Superoxides	12-14	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	66-78
9271316-1	1997	Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) is reported to cause tissue damage via enhanced neutrophil (PMNL) degranulation, superoxide production and altered PMNL migration.	Superoxides	115-125	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	29-32
9271316-3	1997	Since PTX has been reported to influence TNF-induced PMNL functions, our studies focused on the effects of timing and duration of the presence of PTX on superoxide anion production by PMNL exposed to TNF.	Superoxides	153-169	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	200-203
9219158-7	1997	Formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) stimulation (10(-7) M) resulting in superoxide release of 31.7 +/- 6.1 nmol O2-/30 min (n = 10) also significantly increased the percentage of apoptosis, but at 24 h (P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	81-91	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	39-43
9268748-8	1997	Preincubation on normal neutrophils with the patients" sera caused an increase in their superoxide generation in accordance with the high IL-8 levels in these sera.	Superoxides	88-98	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	138-142
9219158-0	1997	Neutrophil superoxide release is required for spontaneous and FMLP-mediated but not for TNF alpha-mediated apoptosis.	Superoxides	11-21	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	62-66
9207771-8	1997	Superoxide production was measured by cytochrome C reduction and the enzymatic activity of lysozyme and beta-glucoronidase by optical density measurement of substrate conversion.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	38-50
9207771-9	1997	The results showed that AmF, SnF2, or AmF/SnF2 enhanced by two- to three-fold the superoxide release from fMLP-stimulated human neutrophils.	Superoxides	82-92	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	106-110
9223548-8	1997	Our results indicate that variabilin is an inhibitor of human secretory and cytosolic PLA2 activities that controls eicosanoid production in vitro and in vivo, inhibits neutrophil degranulation and superoxide generation in vitro and shows anti-inflammatory activity after topical or p.o.	Superoxides	198-208	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	86-90
9245567-8	1997	Superoxide generation was determined by superoxide dismutase inhibitive cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	72-84
9256158-3	1997	Since production of O2- in response to fMLP involves GTP-binding proteins and protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs), the current study was undertaken to determine whether these signalling pathways are involved in PCB-induced neutrophil activation.	Superoxides	20-22	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	39-43
9256158-3	1997	Since production of O2- in response to fMLP involves GTP-binding proteins and protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs), the current study was undertaken to determine whether these signalling pathways are involved in PCB-induced neutrophil activation.	Superoxides	20-22	pyruvate carboxylase	Homo sapiens	207-210
9256158-4	1997	Neutrophils exposed to Aroclor 1242 or fMLP produced significant O2-.	Superoxides	65-67	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	39-43
9256158-5	1997	Pretreatment of intact neutrophils with pertussis toxin or cholera toxin or exposure of permeabilized cells to GDPbetaS significantly inhibited O2- production in fMLP-treated neutrophils but did not alter the response to Aroclor 1242.	Superoxides	144-146	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	162-166
9256158-6	1997	Pretreatment with genistein, an inhibitor of PTKs, significantly inhibited O2- production in both Aroclor 1242- and fMLP-treated neutrophils; however, daidzein, a structural analogue of genistein which lacks activity against PTKs, was without effect.	Superoxides	75-77	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	116-120
9256158-8	1997	Similar results were obtained with 2,2",4,4"-tetrachlorobiphenyl (2,2",4,4"-TCB), a PCB congener that stimulates O2- production.	Superoxides	113-115	pyruvate carboxylase	Homo sapiens	84-87
9218633-5	1997	The contralateral increase in the amount of the superoxide-scavenging Cu/Zn-SOD indicates that this enzyme is induced by a retrograde reaction carried through callosal connections.	Superoxides	48-58	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	70-79
9215025-0	1997	Effect of exogenous nitric oxide and superoxide on interleukin-8 from human polymorphonuclear leucocytes.	Superoxides	37-47	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	51-64
9215025-9	1997	Nitric oxide and superoxide have profound effects on IL-8.	Superoxides	17-27	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	53-57
9212351-8	1997	Hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anions were also involved, as DNA damage was partially inhibited by catalase and, to a lesser extent, by superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	22-39	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	101-109
9201267-1	1997	The chemoattractant N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) interacts with neutrophils, generating signals that induce activation of the superoxide anion/hydrogen peroxide-producing NADPH-oxidase.	Superoxides	144-160	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
9201267-7	1997	We show that neutrophils treated with okadaic acid are primed with respect to the fMLP-induced production of superoxide anion, and that no desensitization is obtained in toxin-treated cells.	Superoxides	109-125	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	82-86
9219158-7	1997	Formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) stimulation (10(-7) M) resulting in superoxide release of 31.7 +/- 6.1 nmol O2-/30 min (n = 10) also significantly increased the percentage of apoptosis, but at 24 h (P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	121-123	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	39-43
9219158-9	1997	In conclusion, aging and FMLP-stimulated PMN undergo apoptosis by a superoxide release-dependent pathway, whereas TNF alpha-facilitated apoptosis appears to be unrelated to respiratory burst oxidase activity.	Superoxides	68-78	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	25-29
27406959-2	1997	The potentially toxic reduced oxygen intermediates (ROI), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion (O2(.-)), are generated when reduced AOX becomes oxidized by molecular oxygen, raising the possibility for involvement of AOX in pathophysiology.	Superoxides	87-103	aldehyde oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	141-144
27406959-2	1997	The potentially toxic reduced oxygen intermediates (ROI), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion (O2(.-)), are generated when reduced AOX becomes oxidized by molecular oxygen, raising the possibility for involvement of AOX in pathophysiology.	Superoxides	87-103	aldehyde oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	226-229
9144512-16	1997	Manipulation of the endogenous NO./O2- ratio by exogenous, sublethal S-nitrosoglutathione in addition to cytokines produced death, which was antagonized by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibition.	Superoxides	35-37	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	156-187
9144512-16	1997	Manipulation of the endogenous NO./O2- ratio by exogenous, sublethal S-nitrosoglutathione in addition to cytokines produced death, which was antagonized by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibition.	Superoxides	35-37	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	189-193
9157996-4	1997	These results suggest that superoxide free radicals or their reaction products are responsible for much of the synergistic cytotoxicity of TNF-alpha and hyperthermia.	Superoxides	27-37	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	139-148
9176213-5	1997	Superoxide was generated by the addition of xanthine with xanthine oxidase, superoxide radicals were scavenged by the addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase or SOD was inhibited by diethyldithiocarbamic acid.	Superoxides	0-10	catalase	Homo sapiens	162-170
9176213-5	1997	Superoxide was generated by the addition of xanthine with xanthine oxidase, superoxide radicals were scavenged by the addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase or SOD was inhibited by diethyldithiocarbamic acid.	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	174-177
9176213-5	1997	Superoxide was generated by the addition of xanthine with xanthine oxidase, superoxide radicals were scavenged by the addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase or SOD was inhibited by diethyldithiocarbamic acid.	Superoxides	76-86	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	130-150
9176213-5	1997	Superoxide was generated by the addition of xanthine with xanthine oxidase, superoxide radicals were scavenged by the addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase or SOD was inhibited by diethyldithiocarbamic acid.	Superoxides	76-86	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	152-155
9176213-5	1997	Superoxide was generated by the addition of xanthine with xanthine oxidase, superoxide radicals were scavenged by the addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase or SOD was inhibited by diethyldithiocarbamic acid.	Superoxides	76-86	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	174-177
9178934-0	1997	Protective effect of transfection with secretable superoxide dismutase (SOD) (a signal sequence-SOD fusion protein coding cDNA) expression vector on superoxide anion-induced cytotoxicity in vitro.	Superoxides	149-165	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	50-70
9178934-0	1997	Protective effect of transfection with secretable superoxide dismutase (SOD) (a signal sequence-SOD fusion protein coding cDNA) expression vector on superoxide anion-induced cytotoxicity in vitro.	Superoxides	149-165	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	72-75
9178934-14	1997	We then investigated the effect of extracellular SOD secreted from ILSOD-L2 cells on extracellular superoxide anion induced cytotoxicity in normal cells.	Superoxides	99-115	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	49-52
9189053-1	1997	The production of superoxide by the peripheral blood neutrophils of 19 patients with active rheumatoid arthritis was measured during treatment with sulphasalazine (SASP).	Superoxides	18-28	aspartic peptidase retroviral like 1	Homo sapiens	164-168
9179547-1	1997	Superoxide release in neutrophils and sera levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8) were determined in 15 patients with complicated acute myocardial infarction (MI) and 15 patients with uncomplicated MI.	Superoxides	0-10	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	68-72
9152240-9	1997	CONCLUSIONS: Increases in Mn-SOD activity in astroglial cells and microglial/phagocytic cells may contribute to the relative sparing of these cells from injury in EAE, whereas the low level of Mn-SOD in oligodendroglial cells and axons may increase their vulnerability to the effects of superoxide-induced oxidative injury that results in demyelination.	Superoxides	287-297	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Cavia porcellus	26-32
9152240-9	1997	CONCLUSIONS: Increases in Mn-SOD activity in astroglial cells and microglial/phagocytic cells may contribute to the relative sparing of these cells from injury in EAE, whereas the low level of Mn-SOD in oligodendroglial cells and axons may increase their vulnerability to the effects of superoxide-induced oxidative injury that results in demyelination.	Superoxides	287-297	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Cavia porcellus	193-199
9161920-5	1997	While none of these proteins showed any effects on chemotaxis, lactoferrin-lactoperoxidase and whey protein concentrate were found to have an enhancing effect on superoxide production in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	162-172	lactotransferrin	Ovis aries	63-74
9161920-5	1997	While none of these proteins showed any effects on chemotaxis, lactoferrin-lactoperoxidase and whey protein concentrate were found to have an enhancing effect on superoxide production in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	162-172	lactoperoxidase	Ovis aries	75-90
9178189-4	1997	FMLP (3-300 nM) and phorbol myristate acetate (160 pm-160 nM) induced concentration-related superoxide anion generation.	Superoxides	92-108	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
9178189-5	1997	Pre-treatment with N-acetylcysteine (33-333 microM) resulted in concentration-related inhibition of superoxide production induced by FMLP (30 nM) or phorbol myristate acetate (16 nM);-log IC50 values were 3.97 +/- 0.07 and 3.91 +/- 0.10, respectively.	Superoxides	100-110	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	133-137
9178189-13	1997	In conclusion, N-acetylcysteine reduces superoxide generation in response to FMLP and phorbol myristate acetate and partially protects against lipid peroxidation in PMN from man.	Superoxides	40-50	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	77-81
9145927-4	1997	SIN-1 releases both nitric oxide and superoxide, which together form peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	37-47	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
9224389-5	1997	The mean rate of .O2- production was determined by a cytochrome c reduction assay (nmole .O2-/min/1.33 x 10(5) PMN +/- SEM).	Superoxides	18-20	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	53-65
9224389-5	1997	The mean rate of .O2- production was determined by a cytochrome c reduction assay (nmole .O2-/min/1.33 x 10(5) PMN +/- SEM).	Superoxides	90-92	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	53-65
9159493-3	1997	After inducing the endogenous NO production with interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) the superoxide anion release was significantly reduced, which was reversed by the inhibition of the NO synthase.	Superoxides	115-131	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	49-66
9202724-3	1997	In the present study, we have compared SIN-1, which generates nitric oxide, superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide, with two other nitric oxide donors, S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) and the tetra-iron-sulphur cluster nitrosyl, Roussin"s black salt (RBS).	Superoxides	76-92	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	39-44
9202724-11	1997	The nitric oxide and superoxide anion produced by SIN-1 are though to combine to form highly reactive peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	21-37	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	50-55
9159493-3	1997	After inducing the endogenous NO production with interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) the superoxide anion release was significantly reduced, which was reversed by the inhibition of the NO synthase.	Superoxides	115-131	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	68-76
9159493-3	1997	After inducing the endogenous NO production with interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) the superoxide anion release was significantly reduced, which was reversed by the inhibition of the NO synthase.	Superoxides	115-131	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	82-98
9159493-3	1997	After inducing the endogenous NO production with interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) the superoxide anion release was significantly reduced, which was reversed by the inhibition of the NO synthase.	Superoxides	115-131	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	100-109
9133645-3	1997	Cat-SOD exhibited an excellent inhibitory effect on superoxide anion release from the macrophages, and this effect surpassed those of native SOD and SOD modified with mannose (Man-SOD) which is taken up via mannose receptor-mediated endocytosis by macrophages.	Superoxides	52-68	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	4-7
9144574-2	1997	Both Sin-1 which yields nitric oxide and peroxynitrite following the generation of superoxide anion plus nitric oxide, and SNAP which generates nitric oxide, induced dose dependent decreases in the colony forming capabilities of the human hepatocytes.	Superoxides	83-99	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	5-10
9133645-0	1997	Augmented inhibitory effect of superoxide dismutase on superoxide anion release from macrophages by direct cationization.	Superoxides	55-71	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	31-51
9133645-2	1997	The inhibitory effect of Cat-SOD on superoxide anion release from inflammatory macrophages and its cellular interaction were studied in vitro.	Superoxides	36-52	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	29-32
9133645-5	1997	The intracellular localization of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled SOD, Cat-SOD and Man-SOD observed by confocal laser microscopy supported the difference in their abilities to eliminate superoxide anions.	Superoxides	189-199	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	69-72
9133645-5	1997	The intracellular localization of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled SOD, Cat-SOD and Man-SOD observed by confocal laser microscopy supported the difference in their abilities to eliminate superoxide anions.	Superoxides	189-199	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	78-81
9133645-5	1997	The intracellular localization of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled SOD, Cat-SOD and Man-SOD observed by confocal laser microscopy supported the difference in their abilities to eliminate superoxide anions.	Superoxides	189-199	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	78-81
9133645-7	1997	In conclusion, Cat-SOD is desirable for its pharmacological activity, which is probably the result of its ability to be delivered to the vicinity of NADPH-oxidase which locates in the cell membrane and generates superoxide anions.	Superoxides	212-229	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	19-22
9144574-8	1997	The enhanced levels of Sin-1 cytotoxicity on the hepatocytes is suggested to be due both to the chemical generation of peroxynitrite and superoxide anion by Sin-1.	Superoxides	137-153	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	23-28
9144574-8	1997	The enhanced levels of Sin-1 cytotoxicity on the hepatocytes is suggested to be due both to the chemical generation of peroxynitrite and superoxide anion by Sin-1.	Superoxides	137-153	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	157-162
9166989-14	1997	SOD, but not other scavengers, prevented peroxidation, indicating an obligatory role for superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	89-99	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
9108073-3	1997	Wild-type CuZnSOD catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide (O(2)(-).)	Superoxides	47-57	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	10-17
9108073-3	1997	Wild-type CuZnSOD catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide (O(2)(-).)	Superoxides	59-63	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	10-17
9108073-9	1997	After treatment with paraquat (PQ), a widely used herbicide and O(2)(-).-generating compound, muscle disability significantly deteriorated in Tg-CuZnSOD mice but not in control mice.	Superoxides	64-68	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	142-152
9131041-1	1997	The superoxide (O2-)-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytic cells is composed of a membrane-bound flavocytochrome (cytochrome b-559) and three cytosolic components, p47-phox, p67-phox, and the small GTPase rac-1 (or 2).	Superoxides	4-14	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	175-178
9065490-8	1997	The tyrosine kinases Lyn, Syk, and FAK were activated on exposure of microglia and THP1 monocytes to Abeta, resulting in the tyrosine kinase-dependent generation of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	165-175	LYN proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	21-24
9167937-1	1997	Human neutrophils (PMN) activated by N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) simultaneously release nitric oxide (.NO), superoxide anion (O2.-) and its dismutation product, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	126-142	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	77-81
9167937-1	1997	Human neutrophils (PMN) activated by N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) simultaneously release nitric oxide (.NO), superoxide anion (O2.-) and its dismutation product, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	144-146	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	77-81
9176098-3	1997	After monocytes were primed with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) for 18 hr in suspension culture, they produced a high amount of superoxide (O2-) when triggered by phorbol myristate acetate.	Superoxides	154-164	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	61-77
9176098-3	1997	After monocytes were primed with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) for 18 hr in suspension culture, they produced a high amount of superoxide (O2-) when triggered by phorbol myristate acetate.	Superoxides	154-164	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	79-88
9176098-3	1997	After monocytes were primed with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) for 18 hr in suspension culture, they produced a high amount of superoxide (O2-) when triggered by phorbol myristate acetate.	Superoxides	166-168	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	61-77
9176098-3	1997	After monocytes were primed with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) for 18 hr in suspension culture, they produced a high amount of superoxide (O2-) when triggered by phorbol myristate acetate.	Superoxides	166-168	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	79-88
9065490-8	1997	The tyrosine kinases Lyn, Syk, and FAK were activated on exposure of microglia and THP1 monocytes to Abeta, resulting in the tyrosine kinase-dependent generation of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	165-175	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	83-87
9065490-8	1997	The tyrosine kinases Lyn, Syk, and FAK were activated on exposure of microglia and THP1 monocytes to Abeta, resulting in the tyrosine kinase-dependent generation of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	165-175	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	101-106
9203381-4	1997	Superoxide anion attains a level of 1 microM min-1 20 min after the start of irradiation as determined by the superoxide dismutase (SOD)-inhibitable reduction of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	162-174
8989903-3	1997	Increase in O2(-)-producing capacity in MPD was also observed when other receptor-mediated agonists such as interleukin-8 and concanavalin A were used, but not when phorbol ester, a direct activator of protein kinase C, was used as the triggering agonist of O2- release.	Superoxides	12-14	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	108-121
9056238-1	1997	When redox cycling of four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon o-quinones is catalyzed by the 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, autooxidation of the hydroquinone is a free radical chain reaction in which superoxide anion is the propagating species.	Superoxides	204-220	hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase 7	Homo sapiens	90-126
9057660-3	1997	Using a chemiluminescence assay of oxidase activity, we showed that transduced patient CD34+ progenitors differentiating to myeloid cells in culture produced 25% of the total superoxide produced by normal CD34+ progenitors differentiating in culture.	Superoxides	175-185	CD34 molecule	Homo sapiens	87-91
15989628-6	1997	A triple function of PLA2-derived lipid mediators has been suggested: causing immediate inflammatory signs, involvement in secondary processes, e.g., superoxide free radical (O2) generation, apoptosis, or tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-cytotoxicity, and controlling the expression and activation of pivotal proteins implicated in inflammation and cell development, e.g., cytokines, adhesion proteins, proteinases, NF-kappaB, fos/jun/AP-1, c-Myc, or p21ras.	Superoxides	150-160	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	21-25
15989628-6	1997	A triple function of PLA2-derived lipid mediators has been suggested: causing immediate inflammatory signs, involvement in secondary processes, e.g., superoxide free radical (O2) generation, apoptosis, or tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-cytotoxicity, and controlling the expression and activation of pivotal proteins implicated in inflammation and cell development, e.g., cytokines, adhesion proteins, proteinases, NF-kappaB, fos/jun/AP-1, c-Myc, or p21ras.	Superoxides	175-177	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	21-25
9066513-4	1997	Attachment alone of neutrophils to endothelial cells appeared to induce activation because elastase release and N-formyl-mentionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-induced superoxide (O2) production from neutrophils incubated with endothelial cells were greater than from neutrophils only.	Superoxides	167-177	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	112-151
9066513-4	1997	Attachment alone of neutrophils to endothelial cells appeared to induce activation because elastase release and N-formyl-mentionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-induced superoxide (O2) production from neutrophils incubated with endothelial cells were greater than from neutrophils only.	Superoxides	167-177	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	153-157
9066513-4	1997	Attachment alone of neutrophils to endothelial cells appeared to induce activation because elastase release and N-formyl-mentionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-induced superoxide (O2) production from neutrophils incubated with endothelial cells were greater than from neutrophils only.	Superoxides	179-181	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	112-151
9066513-4	1997	Attachment alone of neutrophils to endothelial cells appeared to induce activation because elastase release and N-formyl-mentionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-induced superoxide (O2) production from neutrophils incubated with endothelial cells were greater than from neutrophils only.	Superoxides	179-181	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	153-157
9071707-5	1997	Intact Ig of patients with PR3-ANCA or with MPO-ANCA stimulate O2- release from TNF alpha-primed normal PMN (2.6 +/- 3.57 to 15.3 +/- 7.39 nmol O2-/2.5 x 10(6) PMN/30 min).	Superoxides	63-65	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	80-89
9062356-9	1997	A specific p38 MAPk inhibitor (SK&amp;F 86002) blocked superoxide anion production in response to FMLP and reduced adhesion and chemotaxis in response to PAF or FMLP.	Superoxides	55-71	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	98-102
9147366-7	1997	Superoxide generation was measured by cytochrome c reduction and myeloperoxidase (MPO) products by measurement of peak luminol chemiluminescence (CL).	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	38-50
9147366-7	1997	Superoxide generation was measured by cytochrome c reduction and myeloperoxidase (MPO) products by measurement of peak luminol chemiluminescence (CL).	Superoxides	0-10	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	65-80
9147366-7	1997	Superoxide generation was measured by cytochrome c reduction and myeloperoxidase (MPO) products by measurement of peak luminol chemiluminescence (CL).	Superoxides	0-10	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	82-85
9239716-3	1997	SABP also induces the exposure of mannose ligand receptors on the sperm surface and increases the production of superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	112-128	prolactin induced protein	Homo sapiens	0-4
9239716-3	1997	SABP also induces the exposure of mannose ligand receptors on the sperm surface and increases the production of superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	130-133	prolactin induced protein	Homo sapiens	0-4
9701045-1	1997	Diethyl dithiocarbamate (DDC) has been used extensively as an inhibitor of CuZn superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the study of superoxide and nitric oxide.	Superoxides	80-90	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	102-105
27414766-6	1997	Superoxide is undoubtedly a physiological substrate for myeloperoxidase.	Superoxides	0-10	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	56-71
27414766-8	1997	Superoxide modulates the chlorination and peroxidation activities of myeloperoxidase.	Superoxides	0-10	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	69-84
27396880-5	1997	We propose that CoQ0H2 oxidation occurs as a chain reaction with superoxide as the chain carrier and that SOD inhibits this reaction by lowering the superoxide concentration.	Superoxides	149-159	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	106-109
9048779-6	1997	SIN-1 has been reported to release both NO and superoxide and thereby to rapidly form peroxynitrite (ONOO-).	Superoxides	47-57	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
9151285-1	1997	The enzyme Cu-Zn-SOD is a metalloenzyme that catalyzes the dismutation of the superoxide radical into hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen, being a defense system against free radical formation.	Superoxides	78-96	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	11-20
9237246-10	1997	The variability arises from the variability in SOD activity: all H2O2 produced is from O2- due to the action of SOD.	Superoxides	67-69	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	47-50
9237246-10	1997	The variability arises from the variability in SOD activity: all H2O2 produced is from O2- due to the action of SOD.	Superoxides	67-69	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	112-115
9085276-1	1997	In addition to the usual superoxide dismutation activity, Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) has a peroxidative function that utilizes its own dismutation product, H2O2 as a substrate.	Superoxides	25-35	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	58-84
9085276-1	1997	In addition to the usual superoxide dismutation activity, Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) has a peroxidative function that utilizes its own dismutation product, H2O2 as a substrate.	Superoxides	25-35	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	86-89
9051619-1	1997	This study examined in the rat anococcygeus muscle the tissue distribution of copper zinc superoxide dismutase, the activity of CuZn SOD, and the role of CuZn SOD in protecting nitric oxide from destruction by superoxide anion.	Superoxides	210-226	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	154-162
9029131-9	1997	Moreover, WKYMVm-NH2 is more effective than FMLP in the production of superoxide in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	70-80	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	44-48
9013592-2	1997	Peroxynitrite, the reaction product of nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide (O-2) is assumed to decompose upon protonation in a first order process via intramolecular rearrangement to NO3-.	Superoxides	61-71	NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist	Homo sapiens	180-183
9024144-3	1997	We hypothesized that hypertension associated with chronically elevated angiotensin II might be caused in part by vascular .O2- production.	Superoxides	123-125	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	71-85
9024144-10	1997	In contrast, angiotensin II-induced hypertension was associated with increased vascular .O2- production, whereas norepinephrine-induced hypertension was not.	Superoxides	89-91	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	13-27
9024144-13	1997	CONCLUSIONS: Hypertension caused by chronically elevated angiotensin II is mediated in part by .O2-, likely via degradation of endothelium-derived NO.	Superoxides	96-98	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	57-71
9024144-14	1997	Increased vascular .O2- may contribute to vascular disease in high renin/angiotensin II states.	Superoxides	20-22	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	73-87
9124377-6	1997	Increasing the intracellular steady-state O2.- concentration by perfusion of control lungs with the Cu and Zn-containing SOD inhibitor diethyldithiocarbamate (1 mM) stimulated light emission up to fourfold, but this spontaneous chemiluminescence was also insensitive to NLA.	Superoxides	42-44	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	121-124
9029070-2	1997	Two hundred ninety families were screened for mutations in the gene encoding copper-zinc cytosolic superoxide dismutase (SOD1).	Superoxides	99-109	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	121-125
9061311-6	1997	Superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production in neutrophils stimulated with formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) from a further 18 ALF patients was unaffected compared with control neutrophils.	Superoxides	0-10	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	114-118
9090754-6	1997	The combination of superoxide dismutase and catalase inhibited superoxide anion by approximately 83%, while mannitol resulted in an 87% inhibition of hydroxyl radical.	Superoxides	63-79	catalase	Homo sapiens	44-52
9016819-3	1997	CYP2E1 is also very effective in generating reactive oxygen intermediates such as superoxide radical and H2O2, oxidizing ethanol to the 1-hydroxyethyl radical, and has a high NADPH oxidase activity.	Superoxides	82-100	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily E member 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
9016819-10	1997	Associated with loss of CYP2E1 catalytic activity was a decrease in the formation of superoxide radical and H2O2, in microsomal lipid peroxidation catalyzed by low, but not high concentration of iron, and in consumption of NADPH.	Superoxides	85-103	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily E member 1	Homo sapiens	24-30
9020024-5	1997	Exogenous superoxide dismutase (SOD), a scavenger of O2.-, fully abolished the chemiluminescence response, further supporting this notion.	Superoxides	53-55	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	10-30
9020024-5	1997	Exogenous superoxide dismutase (SOD), a scavenger of O2.-, fully abolished the chemiluminescence response, further supporting this notion.	Superoxides	53-55	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	32-35
9358904-7	1997	In addition, the blood chemoluminescence (CL) level of patients with ankylosing spondylitis was inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD) but not by catalase, suggesting that superoxide anion is the major component of reactive oxygen species (ROS) involved in this assay system.	Superoxides	173-189	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	109-129
9358904-7	1997	In addition, the blood chemoluminescence (CL) level of patients with ankylosing spondylitis was inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD) but not by catalase, suggesting that superoxide anion is the major component of reactive oxygen species (ROS) involved in this assay system.	Superoxides	173-189	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	131-134
23889067-9	1997	It is also possible that cellular generation of superoxide (as might be expected on redox cycling of endogenous quinones following inhibition of DT diaphorase by dicoumarol) may be another source of MTT reduction.	Superoxides	48-58	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	145-158
9255350-10	1997	These results indicate that activated Rac, and particularly Rac2, can regulate superoxide production by NADPH oxidase of phagocytic cells through direct interaction with p67phox subunit.	Superoxides	79-89	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	38-41
9255350-10	1997	These results indicate that activated Rac, and particularly Rac2, can regulate superoxide production by NADPH oxidase of phagocytic cells through direct interaction with p67phox subunit.	Superoxides	79-89	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	60-64
9255350-11	1997	Recently published data suggest that Rac proteins could transduce mitogenic signals in non-phagocytic cells through superoxide production by a phagocytic-related NADPH oxidase enzymatic system which remains to be determined.	Superoxides	116-126	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	37-40
8989903-3	1997	Increase in O2(-)-producing capacity in MPD was also observed when other receptor-mediated agonists such as interleukin-8 and concanavalin A were used, but not when phorbol ester, a direct activator of protein kinase C, was used as the triggering agonist of O2- release.	Superoxides	258-260	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	108-121
9018467-4	1997	The results indicate that SOD attenuates intracellular superoxide-mediated toxic effects in guinea pigs infected with L. interrogans.	Superoxides	55-65	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Cavia porcellus	26-29
9013127-4	1997	Superoxide dismutase and catalase abolish both sperm capacitation and tyrosine phosphorylation of p105 and p81, suggesting the involvement of O2.- and hydrogen peroxide in these two processes.	Superoxides	142-144	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	98-102
9215812-0	1997	How does superoxide dismutase protect against tumor necrosis factor: a hypothesis informed by effect of superoxide on "free" iron.	Superoxides	9-19	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	46-67
9199889-3	1997	Free radical exposure did not alter neutral lipids, but among the phospholipids, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) content was decreased on exposure to superoxide anion, generated by xanthine-xanthine oxidase or menadione with a concomitant increase in the level of phosphatidic acid (PA), suggesting activation of phospholipase D (PLD).	Superoxides	148-164	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	311-326
9199889-3	1997	Free radical exposure did not alter neutral lipids, but among the phospholipids, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) content was decreased on exposure to superoxide anion, generated by xanthine-xanthine oxidase or menadione with a concomitant increase in the level of phosphatidic acid (PA), suggesting activation of phospholipase D (PLD).	Superoxides	148-164	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	328-331
9199889-11	1997	These findings suggest that superoxide anion stimulates intestinal mitochondrial PLD resulting in PE degradation and PA formation.	Superoxides	28-44	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	81-84
9378368-8	1997	Finally, light stimulated activities of pure PGHS-1 and PGHS-2 isozymes, and these were also shown to produce superoxide radical (detected with fluorogenic spin trap, proxyl fluorescamine).	Superoxides	110-128	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Sus scrofa	56-62
8995740-10	1997	These data indicate that stimulation of JG cells with oxidized LDL and Lp(a) induces formation of O2-, which may stimulate renin release in an autocrine fashion.	Superoxides	98-100	renin	Homo sapiens	123-128
8995740-11	1997	Renin release can be prevented by HDL, presumably by preventing the formation of O2-.	Superoxides	81-84	renin	Homo sapiens	0-5
9096262-3	1997	We showed that EP-receptor agonists (PGE1) EP2/EP3 agonist (misoprostol), EP2-receptor agonist (butaprost) and DP-receptor agonist (PGD2) inhibited fMLP-stimulated superoxide production from human blood neutrophils in a concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	164-174	prostaglandin D2 synthase	Homo sapiens	132-136
9343828-1	1997	Fc receptor for immunoglobulin G-mediated phagocytosis, superoxide production and intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) signaling of complement receptor type 3 (CR3)-deficient neutrophils from a heifer with leukocyte adhesion deficiency (BLAD) were compared to those of control heifers.	Superoxides	56-66	Fc gamma receptor and transporter	Bos taurus	0-11
9180345-6	1997	FMLP significantly increased superoxide anion production in all age-groups, but this effect was further amplified by Li only in PMNs of middle-aged subjects.	Superoxides	29-45	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
9413891-3	1997	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), a primary antioxidant, accelerates the dismutation of the toxic superoxide radical produced during the oxidative energy processes into the less harmful molecules, hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen.	Superoxides	92-110	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
9413891-3	1997	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), a primary antioxidant, accelerates the dismutation of the toxic superoxide radical produced during the oxidative energy processes into the less harmful molecules, hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen.	Superoxides	92-110	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
8982388-1	1996	The superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase consists of membrane-associated cytochrome b558 and cytosolic components, p47-phox and p67-phox.	Superoxides	4-14	zona pellucida sperm-binding protein 3 receptor	Cavia porcellus	126-129
8954615-3	1996	Pretreatment of murine peritoneal macrophages with either LPS or IFN-gamma suppressed macrophage responsiveness to both PAF-induced calcium mobilization and superoxide anion (O2-) production.	Superoxides	157-173	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	58-61
8954615-3	1996	Pretreatment of murine peritoneal macrophages with either LPS or IFN-gamma suppressed macrophage responsiveness to both PAF-induced calcium mobilization and superoxide anion (O2-) production.	Superoxides	157-173	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	65-74
8954615-3	1996	Pretreatment of murine peritoneal macrophages with either LPS or IFN-gamma suppressed macrophage responsiveness to both PAF-induced calcium mobilization and superoxide anion (O2-) production.	Superoxides	175-177	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	58-61
8954615-3	1996	Pretreatment of murine peritoneal macrophages with either LPS or IFN-gamma suppressed macrophage responsiveness to both PAF-induced calcium mobilization and superoxide anion (O2-) production.	Superoxides	175-177	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	65-74
8954615-7	1996	LPS and IFN-gamma treatment also decreased PAF-induced, calcium-dependent O2- production.	Superoxides	74-76	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	0-3
8954615-7	1996	LPS and IFN-gamma treatment also decreased PAF-induced, calcium-dependent O2- production.	Superoxides	74-76	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	8-17
8954615-8	1996	When added together, IFN-gamma increased the suppression of PAF-induced intracellular calcium mobilization and inhibited O2- production mediated by LPS.	Superoxides	121-123	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	21-30
8954615-8	1996	When added together, IFN-gamma increased the suppression of PAF-induced intracellular calcium mobilization and inhibited O2- production mediated by LPS.	Superoxides	121-123	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	148-151
9017230-4	1996	The sydnonimine SIN-1, which spontaneously decomposes to yield nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion radicals, led to axonal degeneration at concentrations between 1 microM and 10 microM.	Superoxides	85-110	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	16-21
8961931-1	1996	NADPH-dependent superoxide generation can be reconstituted in a cell-free system using recombinant cytosolic factors (p47-phox, p67-phox, and Rac) plus flavocytochrome b558.	Superoxides	16-26	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	128-131
8982728-0	1996	In vivo effect of OPC15161, a superoxide scavenger, on anti-Thy1 nephritis.	Superoxides	30-40	Thy-1 cell surface antigen	Rattus norvegicus	60-64
8961931-4	1996	In contrast, low concentrations of isoprenylated Rac1 and Rac2 both supported high rates of superoxide generation.	Superoxides	92-102	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	58-62
8959161-6	1996	PMNs were activated using N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) (10 mumol), and the production of superoxide (O2-) was measured by the spectrophotometric reduction of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	107-117	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	176-188
8997263-0	1996	IL-1 beta stimulates superoxide and delayed peroxynitrite production by pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells.	Superoxides	21-31	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	0-9
8997263-2	1996	We now report that an additional effect of IL-1 beta stimulation in RPMSMC is an increase in production of superoxide (O2-) that results in the formation of peroxynitrite (ONOO-).	Superoxides	107-117	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	43-52
8997263-2	1996	We now report that an additional effect of IL-1 beta stimulation in RPMSMC is an increase in production of superoxide (O2-) that results in the formation of peroxynitrite (ONOO-).	Superoxides	119-121	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	43-52
8997263-3	1996	IL-1 beta produced a rapid (within 1 h) concentration-dependent increase in O2-, as detected by ferricytochrome c reduction and lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence.	Superoxides	76-78	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	0-9
8943870-4	1996	PAF did not stimulate respiratory burst activity directly, but caused a rapid (maximal at 10 minutes) and concentration-dependent (EC50 50.2 nmol/L) increase in N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-stimulated superoxide anion release.	Superoxides	219-235	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	202-206
8943870-5	1996	At time-points &gt; 10 minutes, this priming effect spontaneously declined, with return to basal levels of fMLP-stimulated superoxide anion generation by 120 minutes.	Superoxides	123-139	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	107-111
8997524-8	1996	The superoxide anion (O2-) generated by PMNs activated by fMLP is dependent from the extracellular calcium in the medium, whereas O2- production by PMA or OZ stimulated neutrophils was extracellular calcium-independent.	Superoxides	4-20	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	58-62
8997524-8	1996	The superoxide anion (O2-) generated by PMNs activated by fMLP is dependent from the extracellular calcium in the medium, whereas O2- production by PMA or OZ stimulated neutrophils was extracellular calcium-independent.	Superoxides	22-24	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	58-62
8997524-9	1996	These observations suggest that an influx of calcium may play an important role in the production of elastase and in the capacity of PMNs stimulated by fMLP to produce O2- to reverse the PMA and OZ systems.	Superoxides	168-170	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	152-156
8973571-9	1996	Furthermore, the interaction of LPS with cell-surface L-selectin results in superoxide production, indicating that L-selectin can mediate both binding and activation of human neutrophils.	Superoxides	76-86	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	32-35
8979154-4	1996	In elderly subjects superoxide production, in response to fMLP, markedly resulted lower than in young controls both by circulating PMNs (3.6 +/- 2.7 and 9.3 +/- 3.3 nMOLES O2-/10(6) PMN respectively, p &lt; 0.0001) and by exudate PMNs (13.6 +/- 4.3 and 19.4 +/- 6 nMOLES O2-/10(6) PMNs respectively, p &lt; 0.005).	Superoxides	20-30	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	58-62
8979154-4	1996	In elderly subjects superoxide production, in response to fMLP, markedly resulted lower than in young controls both by circulating PMNs (3.6 +/- 2.7 and 9.3 +/- 3.3 nMOLES O2-/10(6) PMN respectively, p &lt; 0.0001) and by exudate PMNs (13.6 +/- 4.3 and 19.4 +/- 6 nMOLES O2-/10(6) PMNs respectively, p &lt; 0.005).	Superoxides	172-174	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	58-62
8979154-6	1996	The only parameter that we have found to be different between the two groups is the poor superoxide production after fMLP stimulus of PMNs.	Superoxides	89-99	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	117-121
8979156-4	1996	Treatment of neutrophils with all 4 macrolides was accompanied by dose-related inhibition of superoxide production by cells activated with FMLP or the calcium ionophore (A23187), while the responses activated by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) or opsonized zymosan were minimally affected.	Superoxides	93-103	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	139-143
8943420-3	1996	Incubation of peritoneal exudate macrophages with LPS and IFN-gamma significantly inhibited the production of elastase by a mechanism independent of nitric oxide, superoxide, and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	163-173	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	58-67
8975882-1	1996	Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), vitamin D3 (VD), and retinoic acid (RA) induce differentiation of human monoblastic leukemia U937 cells to macrophage-like cells with potential superoxide anion-generating activity upon further stimulation.	Superoxides	174-190	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-16
8975882-1	1996	Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), vitamin D3 (VD), and retinoic acid (RA) induce differentiation of human monoblastic leukemia U937 cells to macrophage-like cells with potential superoxide anion-generating activity upon further stimulation.	Superoxides	174-190	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	18-27
8967972-8	1996	Together, these data indicate that mice genetically endowed with increased SOD activity are protected from 2"-NH2-MPTP-induced toxicity, thereby implicating superoxide radicals in the mechanism of action of a neurotoxin that selectively depletes 5-HT and NE without affecting dopamine.	Superoxides	157-167	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	75-78
27406670-1	1996	Using various superoxide generating systems and nitroblue tetrazolium or cytochrome c as superoxide detector molecules it is possible to assess the superoxide dismutase activity of proteins.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	148-168
27406670-1	1996	Using various superoxide generating systems and nitroblue tetrazolium or cytochrome c as superoxide detector molecules it is possible to assess the superoxide dismutase activity of proteins.	Superoxides	89-99	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	73-85
27406670-1	1996	Using various superoxide generating systems and nitroblue tetrazolium or cytochrome c as superoxide detector molecules it is possible to assess the superoxide dismutase activity of proteins.	Superoxides	89-99	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	148-168
8939991-0	1996	The cytosolic component p47(phox) is not a sine qua non participant in the activation of NADPH oxidase but is required for optimal superoxide production.	Superoxides	131-141	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	28-32
8939991-1	1996	The superoxide (O-2)-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes is a multicomponent complex consisting of a membrane-associated flavocytochrome (cytochrome b559), bearing the NADPH binding site and two redox centers (FAD and heme) and three cytosolic activating components: p47(phox), p67(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (1 or 2).	Superoxides	4-14	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	274-278
8939991-1	1996	The superoxide (O-2)-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes is a multicomponent complex consisting of a membrane-associated flavocytochrome (cytochrome b559), bearing the NADPH binding site and two redox centers (FAD and heme) and three cytosolic activating components: p47(phox), p67(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (1 or 2).	Superoxides	4-14	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	281-284
8939991-1	1996	The superoxide (O-2)-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes is a multicomponent complex consisting of a membrane-associated flavocytochrome (cytochrome b559), bearing the NADPH binding site and two redox centers (FAD and heme) and three cytosolic activating components: p47(phox), p67(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (1 or 2).	Superoxides	4-14	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	285-289
8939991-1	1996	The superoxide (O-2)-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes is a multicomponent complex consisting of a membrane-associated flavocytochrome (cytochrome b559), bearing the NADPH binding site and two redox centers (FAD and heme) and three cytosolic activating components: p47(phox), p67(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (1 or 2).	Superoxides	16-19	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	274-278
8939991-1	1996	The superoxide (O-2)-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes is a multicomponent complex consisting of a membrane-associated flavocytochrome (cytochrome b559), bearing the NADPH binding site and two redox centers (FAD and heme) and three cytosolic activating components: p47(phox), p67(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (1 or 2).	Superoxides	16-19	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	281-284
8939991-1	1996	The superoxide (O-2)-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes is a multicomponent complex consisting of a membrane-associated flavocytochrome (cytochrome b559), bearing the NADPH binding site and two redox centers (FAD and heme) and three cytosolic activating components: p47(phox), p67(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (1 or 2).	Superoxides	16-19	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	285-289
8939991-9	1996	p47(phox) appears to facilitate or stabilize the interaction of p67(phox) and, possibly, Rac1 with cytochrome b559, and is required for optimal generation of O-2 under physiological conditions.	Superoxides	158-161	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	4-8
8939991-9	1996	p47(phox) appears to facilitate or stabilize the interaction of p67(phox) and, possibly, Rac1 with cytochrome b559, and is required for optimal generation of O-2 under physiological conditions.	Superoxides	158-161	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	64-73
8920943-1	1996	Tumor necrosis factor alpha mediated cell death in L929 cells correlates with a late increase in reduction of the superoxide scavenger 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), suggesting an increase in MTT reduction per viable cell.	Superoxides	114-124	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	0-27
8920943-7	1996	Our results suggest a late increase in superoxide production prior to cellular destruction during TNF and ceramide mediated cell death and support the notion that ceramide can serve as a second messenger for TNF in cell death.	Superoxides	39-49	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	98-101
8917499-0	1996	Superoxide-mediated clastogenesis and anticlastogenic effects of exogenous superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	75-95
8917499-3	1996	Increased superoxide production by activated monocytes/macrophages is followed by release of more long-lived metabolites, so-called clastogenic factors, which contain lipid peroxidation products, unusual nucleotides of inosine, and cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha.	Superoxides	10-20	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	250-277
8917499-9	1996	The cytochrome c assay showed significantly diminished O2- production by monocytes, pretreated with SOD and washed thereafter.	Superoxides	55-57	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	4-16
8917499-9	1996	The cytochrome c assay showed significantly diminished O2- production by monocytes, pretreated with SOD and washed thereafter.	Superoxides	55-57	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	100-103
8917499-10	1996	The preferential and rapid binding of SOD to monocytes may be of importance not only for the superoxide-mediated genotoxic effects, described above, but also from a therapeutic standpoint.	Superoxides	93-103	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	38-41
8950027-0	1996	Bovine papillomavirus oncoprotein E5 induces the NF kappa B activation through superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	79-89	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	49-59
8918370-1	1996	An NADPH-oxidase complex containing at least two protein components (gp91-phox and p22-phox) and a unique low redox potential (-245 mV) cytochrome b-245 is the source of superoxide generated for bacterial killing in neutrophils and has been suggested as the oxygen sensor in the carotid body.	Superoxides	170-180	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Rattus norvegicus	83-91
8950027-8	1996	We conclude that the superoxide anion is involved in activation of NF kappa B.	Superoxides	21-37	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	67-77
8950038-2	1996	In the hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase (HPX-XOD) reaction system, NPH-4 suppressed the production of the superoxide spin adduct, but enhanced that of the hydroxyl radical spin adduct.	Superoxides	103-113	neurexophilin 4	Homo sapiens	64-69
8933168-2	1996	IFN-alpha administration gave rise to a modulation of oxidative response in "R" group only, since these individuals displayed an O2- release by suspended and adherent PMN which fell within normal values.	Superoxides	129-131	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	0-9
8937731-6	1996	Ovalb-induced superoxide generation was measured by reduction of cytochrome C.	Superoxides	14-24	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	65-77
8937731-16	1996	The selective PDE 4 inhibitors, denbufylline and rolipram and the corticosteroid, beclomethasone produced a concentration-related inhibition of LTB4 release from eosinophils, TNF-alpha release from monocytes and superoxide generation from alveolar macrophages whilst having no effect on histamine release from mast cells.	Superoxides	212-222	phosphodiesterase 4A	Homo sapiens	14-19
8960464-8	1996	The lack of myeloperoxidase activity is compensated for by an increased phagocytic activity, an increased production of superoxide anion (lucigenin-chemiluminescence) and probably by an alternative metabolism of H2O2; since persons lacking myeloperoxidase activity do not normally suffer from severe infections, H2O2 is obviously metabolized to other reactive oxygen substrates than HOCl, e.g. to OH-radicals.	Superoxides	120-136	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	12-27
8930166-2	1996	The following agents inhibited phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-stimulated O2- generation significantly in the all-trans retinoic acid-treated HL-60 cells (expressed as percentage of control, P &lt; .05): 1) PKC inhibitors: staurosporine (100 nM, 3 +/- 1%); Ro 31-8220 (1 microM, 3 +/- 2%); sphingosine (100 microM, 15 +/- 7%); 2) PSP 1 and 2a inhibitors, okadaic acid (10 microM, 35 +/- 1%); calyculin A (10 microM, 73 +/- 1%); 3) MAPK inhibitor: SB-203580 (100 microM, 62 +/- 1%); 4) PTP inhibitors: phenylarsine oxide (1 microM, 12 +/- 9%); diamide (1 mM, 21 +/- 11%); and 5) secretory phospholipase A2 inhibitors: manoalide (1 microM, 24 +/- 10%); scalaradial (1 microM, 11 +/- 4%).	Superoxides	74-76	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	588-604
8892651-0	1996	The loss of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and recombinant human TNF-alpha priming effects on the superoxide-generating response in exudated neutrophils is associated with a decrease in their receptor affinities.	Superoxides	123-133	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	90-99
8892651-1	1996	Several cytokines are known to enhance FMLP-stimulated superoxide generation in human circulating blood neutrophils through binding to their specific receptors, a process referred to as the priming effect.	Superoxides	55-65	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	39-43
8892651-2	1996	The priming effects produced by recombinant human granulocyte CSF (rhGCSF) and TNF-alpha (rhTNF-alpha) on FMLP-stimulated superoxide production in human and rabbit blood neutrophils were compared with their effects in their respective tissue neutrophils, i.e., human salivary and rabbit peritoneal neutrophils.	Superoxides	122-132	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	79-88
8892651-2	1996	The priming effects produced by recombinant human granulocyte CSF (rhGCSF) and TNF-alpha (rhTNF-alpha) on FMLP-stimulated superoxide production in human and rabbit blood neutrophils were compared with their effects in their respective tissue neutrophils, i.e., human salivary and rabbit peritoneal neutrophils.	Superoxides	122-132	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	106-110
8892651-4	1996	Both rhGCSF and rhTNF-alpha produced dose-dependent priming effects on FMLP-stimulated superoxide production in human blood neutrophils, whereas they failed to produce any priming effects in human salivary neutrophils.	Superoxides	87-97	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	71-75
8892651-7	1996	These findings suggest that tissue neutrophils are less responsive to rhGCSF and rhTNF-alpha in the modulation of FMLP-stimulated superoxide generation.	Superoxides	130-140	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	114-118
8976075-4	1996	Neutrophils were isolated from human venous blood and their O2- production was measured by the cytochrome C reduction method.	Superoxides	60-62	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	95-107
8957234-0	1996	Inhibitory effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide on substance-P-induced superoxide production in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	77-87	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	57-68
8957234-1	1996	We examined the mechanisms of the inhibitory effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) on substance-P-induced superoxide anion (O2-) production in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	118-134	calcitonin related polypeptide alpha	Homo sapiens	56-87
8957234-1	1996	We examined the mechanisms of the inhibitory effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) on substance-P-induced superoxide anion (O2-) production in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	118-134	calcitonin related polypeptide alpha	Homo sapiens	89-93
8957234-1	1996	We examined the mechanisms of the inhibitory effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) on substance-P-induced superoxide anion (O2-) production in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	118-134	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	98-109
8957234-1	1996	We examined the mechanisms of the inhibitory effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) on substance-P-induced superoxide anion (O2-) production in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	136-138	calcitonin related polypeptide alpha	Homo sapiens	56-87
8957234-1	1996	We examined the mechanisms of the inhibitory effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) on substance-P-induced superoxide anion (O2-) production in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	136-138	calcitonin related polypeptide alpha	Homo sapiens	89-93
8957234-1	1996	We examined the mechanisms of the inhibitory effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) on substance-P-induced superoxide anion (O2-) production in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	136-138	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	98-109
8957234-2	1996	Substance P (30 microM) caused O2- production associated with an inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3)-induced transient increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]i).	Superoxides	31-33	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	0-11
8957234-3	1996	CGRP (10 microM) significantly inhibited substance-P-induced O2- production and transient increase in [Ca2+]i, but it only slightly suppressed IP3 formation.	Superoxides	61-63	calcitonin related polypeptide alpha	Homo sapiens	0-4
8957234-3	1996	CGRP (10 microM) significantly inhibited substance-P-induced O2- production and transient increase in [Ca2+]i, but it only slightly suppressed IP3 formation.	Superoxides	61-63	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	41-52
8957234-4	1996	In addition, CGRP inhibited IP3-induced O2- production and transient increase in [Ca2+]i, caused by exogenous addition of IP3 in saponin-permeabilized neutrophils.	Superoxides	40-42	calcitonin related polypeptide alpha	Homo sapiens	13-17
8957234-7	1996	We concluded that CGRP receptor stimulation reduces substance-P-induced O2- production by the inhibition of IP3-induced transient increase in [Ca2+]i, probably via the phosphorylation of IP3 receptor by cAMP-dependent protein kinase.	Superoxides	72-74	calcitonin related polypeptide alpha	Homo sapiens	18-22
8957234-7	1996	We concluded that CGRP receptor stimulation reduces substance-P-induced O2- production by the inhibition of IP3-induced transient increase in [Ca2+]i, probably via the phosphorylation of IP3 receptor by cAMP-dependent protein kinase.	Superoxides	72-74	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	52-63
8839868-11	1996	However, a slight but consistent reduction in their capacity to generate superoxide was observed, which suggests new insight into the cellular role of GDID4.	Superoxides	73-83	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	151-156
8930166-5	1996	Our pharmacological study suggests that, in neutrophil-like HL-60 cells, the signaling pathways leading to PMA-stimulated O2- generation appear to involve PKC, MAPK, phospholipase A2, arachidonic acid, PSP 1 and 2a and PTP.	Superoxides	122-124	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	166-182
8810307-1	1996	The capacity of neutrophils to generate superoxide (O-2) can be enhanced by prior exposure to "priming" agents such as interleukin-8 (IL-8), melanoma growth-stimulatory activity (MGSA), and neutrophil-activating peptide (ENA-78).	Superoxides	40-50	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	119-132
8810307-1	1996	The capacity of neutrophils to generate superoxide (O-2) can be enhanced by prior exposure to "priming" agents such as interleukin-8 (IL-8), melanoma growth-stimulatory activity (MGSA), and neutrophil-activating peptide (ENA-78).	Superoxides	40-50	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	134-138
8810307-1	1996	The capacity of neutrophils to generate superoxide (O-2) can be enhanced by prior exposure to "priming" agents such as interleukin-8 (IL-8), melanoma growth-stimulatory activity (MGSA), and neutrophil-activating peptide (ENA-78).	Superoxides	52-55	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	119-132
8810307-1	1996	The capacity of neutrophils to generate superoxide (O-2) can be enhanced by prior exposure to "priming" agents such as interleukin-8 (IL-8), melanoma growth-stimulatory activity (MGSA), and neutrophil-activating peptide (ENA-78).	Superoxides	52-55	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	134-138
8837751-1	1996	Subversion of mitochondrial electron transport to the production of O2.- has been proposed as a mechanism of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-mediated cell killing and to a lesser extent interleukin-1 (IL-1) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	68-70	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	109-130
8837751-1	1996	Subversion of mitochondrial electron transport to the production of O2.- has been proposed as a mechanism of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-mediated cell killing and to a lesser extent interleukin-1 (IL-1) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	68-70	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	132-135
8839868-0	1996	Targeted disruption of guanosine diphosphate-dissociation inhibitor for Rho-related proteins, GDID4: normal hematopoietic differentiation but subtle defect in superoxide production by macrophages derived from in vitro embryonal stem cell differentiation.	Superoxides	159-169	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	94-99
8839868-2	1996	Rac also has a special role in the production of superoxide, a key component in phagocytic antimicrobial function.	Superoxides	49-59	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
8840861-9	1996	Whereas native LDL had little effect, incubation with either oxidized LDL or LPS/TNF-alpha significantly increased superoxide production, nuclear factor-kappa B activity, VCAM-1 expression, and endothelial adhesiveness for monocytes.	Superoxides	115-125	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	81-90
9191502-9	1996	CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that postpump depression of cardiac function and contractility could be due to increased levels of OFRs and that SOD and CAT scavengers of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide respectively may be effective in preventing postpump cardiac dysfunction.	Superoxides	174-190	catalase	Canis lupus familiaris	156-159
8826976-8	1996	Like high D-glucose, pretreatment with the O2(-)-generating system, xanthine oxidase/hypoxanthine, elevated bradykinin-stimulated Ca2+ release (+10%), Ca2+ entry (+75%), and EDRF (+73%).	Superoxides	43-45	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	108-118
8977376-3	1996	It was observed that CF2 induced production of superoxide anion (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by the spleen cells of mice in vitro and in vivo.	Superoxides	47-63	coagulation factor II	Mus musculus	21-24
8977376-3	1996	It was observed that CF2 induced production of superoxide anion (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by the spleen cells of mice in vitro and in vivo.	Superoxides	65-67	coagulation factor II	Mus musculus	21-24
8977376-5	1996	Pretreatment of mice or spleen cells with anti-CF2-antisera inhibited O2- and H2O2 production in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	70-72	coagulation factor II	Mus musculus	47-50
8977376-7	1996	This indicated that O2- production is necessary for the cytotoxic activity of CF2.	Superoxides	20-22	coagulation factor II	Mus musculus	78-81
8977376-8	1996	Pretreatment of the cells with Ca2+ channel blocking drugs, nifedipine or verapamil, inhibited CF2-induced O2- and H2O2 production in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	107-109	coagulation factor II	Mus musculus	95-98
8866010-3	1996	These results strongly suggest that estrogen regulates superoxide anion radical generation by lowering the SOD activity.	Superoxides	55-79	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	107-110
8759064-9	1996	These benefits of ACE inhibition are likely due to attenuation of the contractile effects and superoxide-generating effects of angiotensin II and to enhancement of endothelial cell release of nitric oxide secondary to diminished breakdown of bradykinin.	Superoxides	94-104	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	18-21
8759064-9	1996	These benefits of ACE inhibition are likely due to attenuation of the contractile effects and superoxide-generating effects of angiotensin II and to enhancement of endothelial cell release of nitric oxide secondary to diminished breakdown of bradykinin.	Superoxides	94-104	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	127-141
8922534-3	1996	We measured PMN production of superoxide anions (O2-) by cytochrome c reduction (see Babior, B.M.	Superoxides	30-47	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	57-69
8768524-3	1996	This study shows that glutathione is an important antioxidant molecule in yeast, with gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (gsh1) mutants, deficient in glutathione synthesis, being hypersensitive to H2O2 and superoxide anions in both exponential- and stationary-phase cultures.	Superoxides	205-222	glutamate--cysteine ligase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	121-125
8885330-2	1996	The first post-receptor events to be observed in TNF alpha-sensitive lines are the generation of superoxide anion (O2-) within the mitochondria and the activation of phospholipase A2.	Superoxides	97-113	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	49-58
8885330-2	1996	The first post-receptor events to be observed in TNF alpha-sensitive lines are the generation of superoxide anion (O2-) within the mitochondria and the activation of phospholipase A2.	Superoxides	115-118	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	49-58
9013015-1	1996	Cardiopulmonary bypass is thought to injure all endothelial cells, mainly by cell-to-cell interaction with activated granulocytes which, augmented by endothelin-1 (ET-1), enhance the generation of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	197-207	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	150-162
9013015-1	1996	Cardiopulmonary bypass is thought to injure all endothelial cells, mainly by cell-to-cell interaction with activated granulocytes which, augmented by endothelin-1 (ET-1), enhance the generation of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	197-207	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	164-168
8894164-12	1996	Stimulation of endothelial cells with bradykinin enhanced cell injury provoked by the exogenous superoxide generating system, but not by the exogenous hydroxyl radical generating system.	Superoxides	96-106	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	38-48
8894164-13	1996	The enhancement by bradykinin was inhibited by NG-monomethyl-L-arginine and bradykinin B2-receptor antagonist, D-Arg-[Hyp3, Thi5,8, D-Phe7] bradykinin, suggesting that an interaction of NO with superoxide is involved in the enhanced cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	194-204	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	19-29
8894164-13	1996	The enhancement by bradykinin was inhibited by NG-monomethyl-L-arginine and bradykinin B2-receptor antagonist, D-Arg-[Hyp3, Thi5,8, D-Phe7] bradykinin, suggesting that an interaction of NO with superoxide is involved in the enhanced cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	194-204	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	76-86
8894164-13	1996	The enhancement by bradykinin was inhibited by NG-monomethyl-L-arginine and bradykinin B2-receptor antagonist, D-Arg-[Hyp3, Thi5,8, D-Phe7] bradykinin, suggesting that an interaction of NO with superoxide is involved in the enhanced cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	194-204	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	76-86
8833917-4	1996	Human retinal pigment epithelial cells exposed to superoxide or hydrogen peroxide rapidly increased VEGF mRNA levels.	Superoxides	50-60	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	100-104
8833917-5	1996	Superoxide-associated mRNA increases were dose dependent, blocked by antioxidants, and associated with elevated VEGF protein levels in conditioned media.	Superoxides	0-10	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	112-116
8833917-6	1996	Increases in VEGF mRNA levels were also observed in cultured human melanoma and rat glioblastoma cells with superoxide or hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	108-118	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	13-17
8879231-6	1996	When TNF-alpha-primed neutrophils were stimulated by anti-PR3 antibodies, superoxide and elastase secretion was provoked in the absence of lipid mediator generation.	Superoxides	74-84	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	5-14
8906612-3	1996	Mutations of the SOD gene may reduce its superoxide dismutase activity, thereby elevating free radical levels.	Superoxides	41-51	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	17-20
8906612-4	1996	In addition, the mutant SOD protein may function as a peroxidase to oxidize cellular components, and it may also react with peroxynitrite-a product of the reaction between superoxide and nitric oxide-to ultimately form nitrate proteins.	Superoxides	172-182	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	24-27
8952228-6	1996	A process known to generate the O2 is the induction of certain cytochrome P450 (CYP) isozymes by drugs or environmental pollutants.	Superoxides	32-34	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	63-78
8952228-6	1996	A process known to generate the O2 is the induction of certain cytochrome P450 (CYP) isozymes by drugs or environmental pollutants.	Superoxides	32-34	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	80-83
8952228-7	1996	RESULTS: We report: 1) a correlation between the induction of each CYP gene family and the O2 yield; 2) support to an observation reported previously that the tumor promoting ability of CYP inducers is mainly mediated by the O2; and 3) the description of a method for nitroxide mediated O2 detection in vivo.	Superoxides	91-93	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	67-70
8952228-7	1996	RESULTS: We report: 1) a correlation between the induction of each CYP gene family and the O2 yield; 2) support to an observation reported previously that the tumor promoting ability of CYP inducers is mainly mediated by the O2; and 3) the description of a method for nitroxide mediated O2 detection in vivo.	Superoxides	91-93	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	186-189
8952228-7	1996	RESULTS: We report: 1) a correlation between the induction of each CYP gene family and the O2 yield; 2) support to an observation reported previously that the tumor promoting ability of CYP inducers is mainly mediated by the O2; and 3) the description of a method for nitroxide mediated O2 detection in vivo.	Superoxides	225-227	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	67-70
8952228-7	1996	RESULTS: We report: 1) a correlation between the induction of each CYP gene family and the O2 yield; 2) support to an observation reported previously that the tumor promoting ability of CYP inducers is mainly mediated by the O2; and 3) the description of a method for nitroxide mediated O2 detection in vivo.	Superoxides	225-227	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	186-189
8952228-7	1996	RESULTS: We report: 1) a correlation between the induction of each CYP gene family and the O2 yield; 2) support to an observation reported previously that the tumor promoting ability of CYP inducers is mainly mediated by the O2; and 3) the description of a method for nitroxide mediated O2 detection in vivo.	Superoxides	225-227	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	67-70
8952228-7	1996	RESULTS: We report: 1) a correlation between the induction of each CYP gene family and the O2 yield; 2) support to an observation reported previously that the tumor promoting ability of CYP inducers is mainly mediated by the O2; and 3) the description of a method for nitroxide mediated O2 detection in vivo.	Superoxides	225-227	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	186-189
8923508-5	1996	SP, NKA and the NK2 selective agonist evoked superoxide anion (O2-) production in AMs obtained from sarcoid patients or healthy smokers.	Superoxides	45-61	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	0-2
8923508-5	1996	SP, NKA and the NK2 selective agonist evoked superoxide anion (O2-) production in AMs obtained from sarcoid patients or healthy smokers.	Superoxides	45-61	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	4-7
8923508-5	1996	SP, NKA and the NK2 selective agonist evoked superoxide anion (O2-) production in AMs obtained from sarcoid patients or healthy smokers.	Superoxides	45-61	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	16-19
8923508-5	1996	SP, NKA and the NK2 selective agonist evoked superoxide anion (O2-) production in AMs obtained from sarcoid patients or healthy smokers.	Superoxides	63-65	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	0-2
8923508-5	1996	SP, NKA and the NK2 selective agonist evoked superoxide anion (O2-) production in AMs obtained from sarcoid patients or healthy smokers.	Superoxides	63-65	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	4-7
8923508-5	1996	SP, NKA and the NK2 selective agonist evoked superoxide anion (O2-) production in AMs obtained from sarcoid patients or healthy smokers.	Superoxides	63-65	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	16-19
9558962-3	1996	When serum opsonic activity was assessed by LgCl, NaN3, markedly enhanced the responses, suggesting that O2- is accumulated due to the MPO blockade, leading to the excitation of LgCl.	Superoxides	105-107	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	135-138
8798532-0	1996	p22phox is a critical component of the superoxide-generating NADH/NADPH oxidase system and regulates angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy in vascular smooth muscle cells.	Superoxides	39-49	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	101-115
8798532-3	1996	We have shown that the hypertrophic agent angiotensin II stimulates superoxide production by activating the membrane-bound NADH/NADPH oxidase and that inhibition of this oxidase attenuates vascular hypertrophy.	Superoxides	68-78	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	42-56
8798426-5	1996	p67(phox)-(1-246), a truncated form of the protein which eliminates SH3 domains involved in binding to p47(phox), also supports superoxide generation, both in the presence and absence of p47(phox), providing further evidence for p47(phox) independent activity.	Superoxides	128-138	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	0-3
8790408-1	1996	Manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) converts superoxide to oxygen plus hydrogen peroxide and serves as the primary defense against mitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	32-36
8790408-1	1996	Manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) converts superoxide to oxygen plus hydrogen peroxide and serves as the primary defense against mitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	47-57	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	0-30
8790408-1	1996	Manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) converts superoxide to oxygen plus hydrogen peroxide and serves as the primary defense against mitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	47-57	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	32-36
8806780-6	1996	Surprisingly, the dicumarol-inhibitable quinoid detoxification enzyme DT-diaphorase was a significant source of phthiocol and pyocyanine-mediated O2.- generation in cells.	Superoxides	146-148	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	70-83
8886431-4	1996	The superoxide anion generating drug duroquinone (100 microM) reduced relaxations to exogenous NO by 54 +/- 6%; this inhibition was partially reversed by Cu/Zn SOD (250 u ml-1), and by ascorbate (500 microM).	Superoxides	4-20	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	154-163
8917629-9	1996	The superoxide anion is a potent inducer of the cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme, which is upregulated in colorectal cancer.	Superoxides	4-20	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	48-64
8888573-4	1996	In the concentration range tested (10(-12) - 10(-4) M), HNE inhibited FMLP-evoked O2- production with an IC50 of 11.6 +/- 1.5 x 10(-6) M; at concentrations &lt; or = 10(-6) M, HNE enhanced O2- production elicited by FMLP + SP, while higher concentrations were inhibitory.	Superoxides	82-84	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	70-74
8888573-4	1996	In the concentration range tested (10(-12) - 10(-4) M), HNE inhibited FMLP-evoked O2- production with an IC50 of 11.6 +/- 1.5 x 10(-6) M; at concentrations &lt; or = 10(-6) M, HNE enhanced O2- production elicited by FMLP + SP, while higher concentrations were inhibitory.	Superoxides	189-191	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	70-74
8983165-7	1996	The results suggest that superoxide production, lipid peroxidation and DNA-SSB in fetal and placental tissues may participate in the fetotoxic effects of TCDD and other polyhalogenated cyclic hydrocarbons, and that TCDD-induced oxidative damage in fetal and placental tissues is mediated at least in part by the Ah-receptor.	Superoxides	25-35	aryl-hydrocarbon receptor	Mus musculus	312-323
8794795-3	1996	The superoxide production was measured spectrophotometrically in activated PMNs initially incubated in the presence of IL-4 or IL-10.	Superoxides	4-14	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	119-123
8794795-9	1996	In conclusion, apart from the well-known suppressive effect on proinflammatory cytokine production, IL-4 delays and IL-10 inhibits superoxide generation.	Superoxides	131-141	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	100-104
8751892-10	1996	We conclude that myeloperoxidase-dependent processes are strongly favored by human neutrophils as their prime mechanism of oxidative killing of S. aureus and that superoxide makes a direct contribution to killing.	Superoxides	163-173	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	17-32
8751892-11	1996	Our results also suggest that superoxide acts in conjunction with a myeloperoxidase-dependent pathway.	Superoxides	30-40	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	68-83
8886852-0	1996	The production of superoxide anion and nitric oxide by cultured murine leukocytes and the accumulation of TNF-alpha in the conditioned media is inhibited by taurine chloramine.	Superoxides	18-34	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	106-115
8757337-6	1996	Conversely, microglial cells were induced by IL-1 beta and IFN-gamma to generate superoxide anions (O2.-) through an NADPH oxidase-dependent pathway.	Superoxides	81-98	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	45-54
8757337-6	1996	Conversely, microglial cells were induced by IL-1 beta and IFN-gamma to generate superoxide anions (O2.-) through an NADPH oxidase-dependent pathway.	Superoxides	81-98	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	59-68
8757337-6	1996	Conversely, microglial cells were induced by IL-1 beta and IFN-gamma to generate superoxide anions (O2.-) through an NADPH oxidase-dependent pathway.	Superoxides	100-102	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	45-54
8757337-6	1996	Conversely, microglial cells were induced by IL-1 beta and IFN-gamma to generate superoxide anions (O2.-) through an NADPH oxidase-dependent pathway.	Superoxides	100-102	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	59-68
8781293-6	1996	Inhibition of the macrophage NADPH oxidase with apocynin or dismutation of superoxide anions, the product of NADPH oxidase activation, with superoxide dismutase (SOD) significantly inhibited macrophage-mediated oxidation of LDL (by 61% to 89%) under these conditions.	Superoxides	75-92	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	109-122
8781538-0	1996	Superoxide and hydrogen peroxide induce CD18-mediated adhesion in the postischemic heart.	Superoxides	0-10	integrin subunit beta 2	Rattus norvegicus	40-44
8781538-7	1996	EPR spin trapping measurements demonstrated that SOD totally quenched the free radical generation observed upon reperfusion while catalase prevented the formation of hydroxyl and alkyl radicals derived from superoxide.	Superoxides	207-217	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	130-138
8781538-10	1996	Thus, endothelial derived H2O2 and .O2- further amplify postischemic injury by triggering CD18 expression on the surface of PMNs leading to increased PMN adhesion within the heart.	Superoxides	28-30	integrin subunit beta 2	Rattus norvegicus	90-94
8702551-4	1996	To address the role of superoxide in regulating gene expression in response to TNF, we have constitutively overexpressed Mn-SOD in a human fibrosarcoma cell line and asked what effect this has on the expression of a number of TNF-responsive genes using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.	Superoxides	23-33	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	79-82
8702551-10	1996	These findings indicate that both Mn-SOD and O2 may regulate the levels of a cellular oxidant involved in both basal and TNF-induced IL-1alpha expression, presumably superoxide.	Superoxides	166-176	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	121-124
8806716-11	1996	The inhibition of the ferritin-catalyzed lipid peroxidation by superoxide dismutase and anti-CYP2E1 IgG is consistent with a role for CYP2E1-generated superoxide radical in mobilizing iron from ferritin and in the subsequent catalysis of lipid peroxidation.	Superoxides	151-169	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	93-99
8806716-11	1996	The inhibition of the ferritin-catalyzed lipid peroxidation by superoxide dismutase and anti-CYP2E1 IgG is consistent with a role for CYP2E1-generated superoxide radical in mobilizing iron from ferritin and in the subsequent catalysis of lipid peroxidation.	Superoxides	151-169	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	134-140
8806716-12	1996	Since ferritin is the major cellular storage form of iron, increased mobilization of iron from ferritin by CYP2E1-derived superoxide radical may play a role in the development of oxidative stress after ethanol treatment.	Superoxides	122-140	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	107-113
8706348-4	1996	Further, catalase, a scavenger of hydrogen peroxide, completely reversed the inhibitory signal whereas scavengers of the superoxide anion, hypohalous acids, the hydroxyl radical, or nitric oxide synthesis inhibitors such as L-NMMA were ineffective.	Superoxides	121-137	catalase	Homo sapiens	9-17
8757214-6	1996	In addition, superoxide production was measured by superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	13-23	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	97-109
8877710-7	1996	Dynamic superoxide anion release served as a measure of the metabolic pathway of the oxidative burst after f-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) stimulation.	Superoxides	8-24	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	122-126
8899653-2	1996	A potent free radical, peroxynitrite, is readily formed from superoxide and nitric oxide, which captures superoxide three times faster than SOD-1.	Superoxides	61-71	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	140-145
8837043-7	1996	The data, further, suggest that metallothionein-II has a 6-fold higher capacity to scavenge superoxide radical than metallothionein-I.	Superoxides	92-110	metallothionein 2	Mus musculus	32-50
8837043-7	1996	The data, further, suggest that metallothionein-II has a 6-fold higher capacity to scavenge superoxide radical than metallothionein-I.	Superoxides	92-110	metallothionein 1	Mus musculus	32-49
8878069-0	1996	Superoxide anion release from neutrophils in growth hormone deficient adults before and after replacement therapy with recombinant human growth hormone.	Superoxides	0-16	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	45-59
8878069-0	1996	Superoxide anion release from neutrophils in growth hormone deficient adults before and after replacement therapy with recombinant human growth hormone.	Superoxides	0-16	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	137-151
8878069-8	1996	In growth hormone deficient subjects, formylpeptide-triggered release of superoxide anions from neutrophils was significantly suppressed by about 40% before treatment as compared to healthy control subjects.	Superoxides	73-90	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	3-17
8694859-3	1996	However, inhibition of superoxide generation by neutrophils activated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), opsonized zymosan (OZ), and arachidonate (AA) only occurred with higher concentrations of propranolol, and coincided with decreased intracellular calcium fluxes, phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity and synthesis of platelet-activating factor (PAF).	Superoxides	23-33	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	270-286
8694859-3	1996	However, inhibition of superoxide generation by neutrophils activated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), opsonized zymosan (OZ), and arachidonate (AA) only occurred with higher concentrations of propranolol, and coincided with decreased intracellular calcium fluxes, phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity and synthesis of platelet-activating factor (PAF).	Superoxides	23-33	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	288-292
8663333-2	1996	During activation, cytosolic proteins p47(phox), p67(phox), Rac2, and possibly p40(phox) translocate to the plasma membrane and associate with flavocytochrome b to form the active superoxide-generating system.	Superoxides	180-190	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	49-52
8663333-2	1996	During activation, cytosolic proteins p47(phox), p67(phox), Rac2, and possibly p40(phox) translocate to the plasma membrane and associate with flavocytochrome b to form the active superoxide-generating system.	Superoxides	180-190	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	60-64
8663342-4	1996	Both the specific pp1 inhibitor calyculin A (10 nM) and the pp2A inhibitor okadaic acid (10 microM) enhanced O2.- generation (185 +/- 24 and 189 +/- 35% of control, respectively, p &lt; 0.0001 for both, n = 8), as reported previously.	Superoxides	109-111	neuropeptide Y receptor Y4	Homo sapiens	18-21
8712210-8	1996	Our data suggest that a lower level of SOD activity, whether as a cause or a consequence of the disease process, might induce a decrease in the scavenger reaction of superoxide (O2-) thus causing the tissue to become more vulnerable to oxidative stress.	Superoxides	166-176	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	39-42
8712210-8	1996	Our data suggest that a lower level of SOD activity, whether as a cause or a consequence of the disease process, might induce a decrease in the scavenger reaction of superoxide (O2-) thus causing the tissue to become more vulnerable to oxidative stress.	Superoxides	178-180	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	39-42
8804796-3	1996	Augmentation of superoxide production by PMNs when stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) was observed following the addition of 25, 50, 100 and 200 micrograms/ml of FLRX.	Superoxides	16-26	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	142-146
8804796-5	1996	Superoxide production augmented by FLRX was diminished by the addition of staurosporine and H-7, when PMNs were stimulated with PMA, and by the addition of genistein, when PMNs were stimulated with fMLP.	Superoxides	0-10	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	198-202
21432427-0	1996	Development of a simultaneous multiple measurement method for superoxide generation from phagocytes using the cytochrome c reduction method.	Superoxides	62-72	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	110-122
8647926-4	1996	In 51Cr release assays, the toxicity of exogenous RO2S including hydrogen peroxide or superoxide (generated by xanthine oxidase/hypoxanthine) to human retinal pigment epithelial cells was inhibited by the iron chelators, desferrioxamine and apo-transferrin.	Superoxides	86-96	transferrin	Homo sapiens	245-256
8807596-9	1996	Overexpressed CD59 suppressed production of superoxide, one of the inflammatory mediators induced by sublytic C5b-9 attack.	Superoxides	44-54	CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group)	Homo sapiens	14-18
8687488-2	1996	In the present study, we demonstrated that NO synthase (cNOS) and xanthine oxidase (XO) of human keratinocytes can be activated to release NO, superoxide (O2-) and peroxynitrite (ONOO-) following exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation.	Superoxides	143-153	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	56-60
8687488-2	1996	In the present study, we demonstrated that NO synthase (cNOS) and xanthine oxidase (XO) of human keratinocytes can be activated to release NO, superoxide (O2-) and peroxynitrite (ONOO-) following exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation.	Superoxides	155-158	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	56-60
8687488-9	1996	ONOO- synthesized by NO and O2- following UVB radiation of cNOS and XO was inhibited by oxypurinol (100 microM).	Superoxides	28-30	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	59-63
8692878-7	1996	Superoxide production, a measure of the respiratory burst, was obtained with increasing concentrations of IL-8 with maximum effects at 25 to 50 nM, but no response was observed upon challenge with GRO alpha or NAP-2 up to 1000 nM.	Superoxides	0-10	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	106-110
8692878-8	1996	The superoxide production induced by IL-8 was inhibited by anti-IL8R1, but was not affected by anti-IL8R2.	Superoxides	4-14	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	37-41
8652844-15	1996	Intracellular delivery of the competitive inhibitory peptide into human neutrophils reduced both PMA- and fMLP-stimulated superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	122-138	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	106-110
8611025-6	1996	The determination of the rate constants of reaction of superoxide radical with thiols by spectrophotometrical cytochrome C assay could result in an underestimation of the values due to the reduction of cytochrome C by thiols.	Superoxides	55-73	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	110-122
8911682-4	1996	One such function is neutrophil superoxide generation, which is induced when phosphatidic acid, generated by activated phospholipase D (PLD), facilitates the interaction of a cytoplasmic low-molecular-weight G-protein with dormant, membrane-bound reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase.	Superoxides	32-42	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	119-134
8911682-4	1996	One such function is neutrophil superoxide generation, which is induced when phosphatidic acid, generated by activated phospholipase D (PLD), facilitates the interaction of a cytoplasmic low-molecular-weight G-protein with dormant, membrane-bound reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase.	Superoxides	32-42	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	136-139
8725616-5	1996	TNF alpha primed superoxide production by normal neutrophils in normal plasma, but this effect was significantly reduced in plasma with increased concentrations of sTNFR.	Superoxides	17-27	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-9
9157782-5	1996	Interferon (IFN) gamma, a stimulant of NADPH oxidase activity, increased superoxide production and bone resorption in cultures of calvarial explants from osteopetrotic (microphthalmic) mice.	Superoxides	73-83	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	0-22
8708538-0	1996	Parathyroid hormone induces superoxide anion burst in the osteoclast: evidence for the direct instantaneous activation of the osteoclast by the hormone.	Superoxides	28-44	parathyroid hormone	Rattus norvegicus	0-19
8708538-2	1996	Therefore, we have investigated the mechanism of parathyroid hormone (PTH)-mediated stimulation of osteoclast function in terms of its effect on O2- generation.	Superoxides	145-147	parathyroid hormone	Rattus norvegicus	49-68
8817404-2	1996	It has been suggested that accelerated inactivation of nitric oxide (NO) due to superoxide anion, which is rapidly removed by superoxide dismutase (SOD) in physiological condition, may be related to hypertension.	Superoxides	80-96	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	126-146
8817404-2	1996	It has been suggested that accelerated inactivation of nitric oxide (NO) due to superoxide anion, which is rapidly removed by superoxide dismutase (SOD) in physiological condition, may be related to hypertension.	Superoxides	80-96	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	148-151
8817404-12	1996	The present findings, in a limited data, could suggest that the fall in SOD activities following an increased superoxide anion production with subsequently augmented NO inactivation is, at least in part, involved in the pathogenesis of human hypertension, although the evidence is indirect.	Superoxides	110-126	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	72-75
8924517-4	1996	The altered ratio of NO/superoxide anion (O2-) production has been proposed to alleviate intrinsic inhibition of the transcription factor NF kappa B and lead to enhanced expression of adhesion molecules and chemotactic factors at the endothelial surface.	Superoxides	24-40	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	138-148
8967366-9	1996	These data show that vasopressin is reversed from a dilator to a vasoconstrictor after FPI and suggests the superoxide anion generation contributes to the alteration of vasopressin cerebrovascular effects after injury and that such altered vasopressin cerebrovascular effects contribute to pial vasoconstriction after FPI.	Superoxides	108-124	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	21-32
8967366-9	1996	These data show that vasopressin is reversed from a dilator to a vasoconstrictor after FPI and suggests the superoxide anion generation contributes to the alteration of vasopressin cerebrovascular effects after injury and that such altered vasopressin cerebrovascular effects contribute to pial vasoconstriction after FPI.	Superoxides	108-124	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	169-180
8967366-9	1996	These data show that vasopressin is reversed from a dilator to a vasoconstrictor after FPI and suggests the superoxide anion generation contributes to the alteration of vasopressin cerebrovascular effects after injury and that such altered vasopressin cerebrovascular effects contribute to pial vasoconstriction after FPI.	Superoxides	108-124	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	169-180
8728016-5	1996	In exudate cells, a strong negative correlation was found between palmitic acid content and O2- release in response to both fMLP and PMA (r = -0.52, p &lt; 0.02 and r = -0.49, p &lt; 0.05, respectively) whereas arachidonic acid correlated positively, but weakly, with O2- (r = 0.40, p = 0.07 and r = 0.47, p = 0.05, with fMLP and PMA as stimulants respectively).	Superoxides	92-94	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	124-128
8601624-4	1996	We have studied interactions of lipid mediators with a cytokine mediator tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) in stimulating superoxide production by human neutrophils for this reason and because it throws light on intracellular signals activating this response.	Superoxides	122-132	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	73-100
8601624-4	1996	We have studied interactions of lipid mediators with a cytokine mediator tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) in stimulating superoxide production by human neutrophils for this reason and because it throws light on intracellular signals activating this response.	Superoxides	122-132	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	102-105
8601624-5	1996	Pretreatment of neutrophils with TNF markedly augmented the amount of superoxide produced in response to AA but not to either a 20 carbon saturated fatty acid, or the hydroxy- or hydroperoxy-derivatives of AA.	Superoxides	70-80	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	33-36
8613709-1	1996	In response to formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP), human neutrophils (PMN) generate superoxide anion (O2-) by the enzyme complex NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	75-91	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	15-33
8613709-1	1996	In response to formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP), human neutrophils (PMN) generate superoxide anion (O2-) by the enzyme complex NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	75-91	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	35-39
8613709-1	1996	In response to formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP), human neutrophils (PMN) generate superoxide anion (O2-) by the enzyme complex NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	93-95	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	15-33
8613709-1	1996	In response to formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP), human neutrophils (PMN) generate superoxide anion (O2-) by the enzyme complex NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	93-95	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	35-39
8613709-11	1996	The fact that both PMA and fMLP stimulated O2- production but modulated PPI turnover in different ways, indicates that PPI labeling does not correlate with the oxidative response.	Superoxides	43-45	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	27-31
8613709-16	1996	Finally, BK inhibited O2- production by fMLP-activated PMN in a time-dependent manner.	Superoxides	22-24	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	9-11
8613709-16	1996	Finally, BK inhibited O2- production by fMLP-activated PMN in a time-dependent manner.	Superoxides	22-24	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	40-44
8771562-0	1996	Neutrophil signal transduction in Met-enkephalin modulated superoxide anion release.	Superoxides	59-75	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	34-48
8771562-1	1996	The present study explored the involvement of signal transduction system(s) in Met-enkephalin (MENK) modulated superoxide anion (O2-) release from human neutrophils.	Superoxides	111-127	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	79-93
8771562-1	1996	The present study explored the involvement of signal transduction system(s) in Met-enkephalin (MENK) modulated superoxide anion (O2-) release from human neutrophils.	Superoxides	111-127	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	95-99
8771562-1	1996	The present study explored the involvement of signal transduction system(s) in Met-enkephalin (MENK) modulated superoxide anion (O2-) release from human neutrophils.	Superoxides	129-131	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	79-93
8771562-1	1996	The present study explored the involvement of signal transduction system(s) in Met-enkephalin (MENK) modulated superoxide anion (O2-) release from human neutrophils.	Superoxides	129-131	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	95-99
8771562-3	1996	The most abundant product of MENK degradation, Tyr-Gly-Gly (TGG), suppressed O2- release over a wide range of concentrations (10(-12)-10(-8) M).	Superoxides	77-79	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	29-33
8771562-4	1996	MENK induced O2- release was associated with a dose-dependent increase of diacylglycerol (DAG) concentration and protein-kinase C (PKC) translocation to the neutrophil membranes, with an increase of cytosolic Ca++, and could be abolished by H7, a PKC inhibitor.	Superoxides	13-15	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	0-4
8771562-6	1996	Superoxide anion release induced by low concentrations of MENK (10(12)-10(-10) M), could be blocked by NDGA, an inhibitor of the lipoxygenase pathway.	Superoxides	0-16	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	58-62
8771562-7	1996	We concluded that MENK-induced O2- release results mainly due to DAG/PKC pathway activation, although other secondary messengers might be involved.	Superoxides	31-33	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	18-22
8901022-0	1996	Intracellular signaling pathway of substance P-induced superoxide production in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	55-65	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	35-46
8901022-1	1996	We examined the intracellular mechanisms of substance P-induced superoxide anion (O2-) production in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	64-80	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	44-55
8901022-1	1996	We examined the intracellular mechanisms of substance P-induced superoxide anion (O2-) production in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	82-85	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	44-55
8901022-2	1996	Addition of substance P (30 microM) caused O2- production and biphasic increases in intracellular Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]i) (early transient and subsequent sustained components) associated with the formation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3).	Superoxides	43-45	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	12-23
8901022-6	1996	An IP3 receptor antagonist, heparin, reduced both the substance P-induced O2- production and the transient increase in [Ca2+]i without any significant effects on the sustained increase in [Ca2+]i.	Superoxides	74-76	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	54-65
8901022-9	1996	These results suggest that the tachykinin NK1 receptor/G-protein-linked IP3 formation with the resulting IP3-induced transient increase in [Ca2+]i is the main signal transduction pathway for substance P-stimulated O2- production in neutrophils.	Superoxides	214-216	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	191-202
8630547-7	1996	Similarly, BAL-derived cells displayed significantly increased phorbol myristate acetate-stimulated release of superoxide anion (8.8 +/- 1.3 versus 4.5 +/- 0.7 nmol/5 x 10 5 cells/h; p&lt;0.01) for the oldest versus youngest subject group, and mean BAL IL-6 concentrations were significantly elevated in the oldest age group (0.86 +/- 0.13 ng/ml) compared with the youngest age group (0.53 +/- 0.03 ng/ml; p&lt;0.01).	Superoxides	111-127	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	253-257
8602757-1	1996	Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are metalloenzymes that detoxify superoxide radicals, and occur in cytosolic (Cu,Zn-SOD) and mitochondrial (Mn-SOD) forms in multiple tissues, including brain.	Superoxides	62-72	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	23-26
8616070-0	1996	The regulation of neutrophil phospholipase A2 by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and its role in priming superoxide production.	Superoxides	122-132	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	29-45
8616070-1	1996	Experiments were performed to investigate the relative role of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in the activation and cytokine-mediated priming of neutrophil superoxide production.	Superoxides	149-159	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	81-85
8616070-6	1996	In cells preincubated with GM-CSF, time- and dose-dependent priming of FMLP-stimulated PLA2 responses were observed and inhibition of PLA2 by mepacrine was accompanied by the inhibition of FMLP-stimulated superoxide production down to the level of unprimed cells.	Superoxides	205-215	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	71-75
8616070-6	1996	In cells preincubated with GM-CSF, time- and dose-dependent priming of FMLP-stimulated PLA2 responses were observed and inhibition of PLA2 by mepacrine was accompanied by the inhibition of FMLP-stimulated superoxide production down to the level of unprimed cells.	Superoxides	205-215	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	189-193
8616070-8	1996	These data suggest that a mepacrine-sensitive PLA2 may have a role in the GM-CSF mediated priming of superoxide production.	Superoxides	101-111	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	46-50
8634411-3	1996	Production of superoxide anion (O2-) by Xanthine (X) and Xanthine-Oxidase (XO) or NADPH caused a reduction (48% +/- 15% in 25 experiments) in the IL-1beta binding of polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) and monocytes that was inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	14-30	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	146-154
8634411-3	1996	Production of superoxide anion (O2-) by Xanthine (X) and Xanthine-Oxidase (XO) or NADPH caused a reduction (48% +/- 15% in 25 experiments) in the IL-1beta binding of polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) and monocytes that was inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	32-34	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	146-154
8851521-19	1996	enhanced fMLP-stimulated superoxide anion generation and shape change) are not receptor-mediated.	Superoxides	25-41	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	9-13
8608807-0	1996	Activation of human monocyte functions by tumor necrosis factor: rapid priming for enhanced release of superoxide and erythrophagocytosis, but no direct triggering of superoxide release.	Superoxides	103-113	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	42-63
8608807-1	1996	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), like granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimul ating factor (GM-CSF), rapidly primed human monocytes for enhanced release of superoxide (O-2) stimulated by receptor-mediated agonists, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) and concanavalin A (Con A), but not by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), which bypasses the receptors to stimulate the cells.	Superoxides	149-159	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-21
8608807-1	1996	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), like granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimul ating factor (GM-CSF), rapidly primed human monocytes for enhanced release of superoxide (O-2) stimulated by receptor-mediated agonists, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) and concanavalin A (Con A), but not by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), which bypasses the receptors to stimulate the cells.	Superoxides	149-159	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	23-26
8608807-1	1996	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), like granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimul ating factor (GM-CSF), rapidly primed human monocytes for enhanced release of superoxide (O-2) stimulated by receptor-mediated agonists, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) and concanavalin A (Con A), but not by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), which bypasses the receptors to stimulate the cells.	Superoxides	149-159	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	249-253
8608807-11	1996	These findings show that TNF rapidly primes human monocytes for enhanced release of O-(2) and erythrophagocytosis and suggest that TNF activates monocytes through autocrine or paracrine mechanisms at the inflammatory sites inasmuch as TNF is primarily produced by activated monocytes/macrophages.	Superoxides	84-89	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	25-28
8728118-4	1996	Superoxide radical formation was determined by cytochrome c reduction in the presence and absence of superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	0-18	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	47-59
8728118-4	1996	Superoxide radical formation was determined by cytochrome c reduction in the presence and absence of superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	0-18	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	101-121
8728118-4	1996	Superoxide radical formation was determined by cytochrome c reduction in the presence and absence of superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	0-18	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	123-126
8727441-6	1996	MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Superoxide anion production was determined by a flow cytometric method using dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR) as an oxidative probe after the priming of neutrophils with N-formyl-methionyl- leucylphenylalanine (fMLP) or with Escherichia coli.	Superoxides	26-42	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	231-235
8727441-10	1996	At this time, superoxide anion production by fMLP-stimulated neutrophils was also decreased (mRFI = 40 +/- 3, vs 57 +/- 5; P = 0.03).	Superoxides	14-30	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	45-49
8643079-5	1996	It has been proposed that the chemical mechanism involved in the Cu/Zn-SOD-catalyzed autoxidation of HQ may be occur through either its conventional activity as a superoxide:superoxide oxidoreductase or as a semiquinone:superoxide oxidoreductase.	Superoxides	163-173	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	65-74
8643079-28	1996	in the presence of O2 appears to be the underlying mechanism responsible for the enhancement by Cu/Zn-SOD of the oxidation of HQ.	Superoxides	19-21	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	96-105
8720667-0	1996	LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) and ICAM-1 (CD54) antibodies attenuate superoxide anion release from polymorphonuclear leukocytes in rats with experimental acute pancreatitis.	Superoxides	58-74	integrin subunit beta 2	Rattus norvegicus	13-17
8867924-3	1996	fMLP caused O2- production, Ca2+ mobilization and phosphoinositide hydrolysis.	Superoxides	12-14	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
8867924-7	1996	fMLP, but not tBuBHQ, caused BAPTA/AM-sensitive activation of phospholipase A2 and D. tBuBHQ caused O2- production by interacting with phosphatidylcholine in a cell-free system.	Superoxides	100-102	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
8867924-8	1996	The results suggest that tBuBHQ causes O2- production independent of Ca2+, and Ca2+ might be a cofactor in the activation of phospholipase A2 and D upstream in fMLP-induced O2- production.	Superoxides	39-41	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	160-164
8867924-8	1996	The results suggest that tBuBHQ causes O2- production independent of Ca2+, and Ca2+ might be a cofactor in the activation of phospholipase A2 and D upstream in fMLP-induced O2- production.	Superoxides	173-175	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	125-141
8867924-8	1996	The results suggest that tBuBHQ causes O2- production independent of Ca2+, and Ca2+ might be a cofactor in the activation of phospholipase A2 and D upstream in fMLP-induced O2- production.	Superoxides	173-175	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	160-164
9772673-11	1996	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) plays an important role in protecting cells against superoxide radical (O2-.)	Superoxides	79-97	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	22-25
9772673-11	1996	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) plays an important role in protecting cells against superoxide radical (O2-.)	Superoxides	99-101	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	22-25
8872182-2	1996	Bovine beta-casein showed an inhibitory effect on ovine neutrophil chemotaxis but had an enhancing effect on superoxide production by neutrophils.	Superoxides	109-119	casein beta	Bos taurus	7-18
8872505-5	1996	The enhanced NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide generation correlated well with elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-alpha] in plasma [p = 0.005], suggesting a causal relation.	Superoxides	37-47	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	99-126
8872505-5	1996	The enhanced NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide generation correlated well with elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-alpha] in plasma [p = 0.005], suggesting a causal relation.	Superoxides	37-47	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	128-137
8764220-8	1996	When cells were coincubated with SIN-1 plus superoxide dismutase, a technique designed to scavenge O2- and convert SIN-1 to purely an .NO-donor compound, Ca2+ signaling was identical to control.	Superoxides	99-101	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	33-38
8651684-8	1996	In the presence of SOD mimics, the DMPO-sulfur-centered adducts were more persistent, suggesting that O2-.	Superoxides	102-104	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	19-22
9035751-0	1996	[The effect of fibronectin on generation of superoxide anion by neutrophils during food poisoning and experimental salmonella endotoxemia].	Superoxides	44-60	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	15-26
8817062-8	1996	Amosite+TNF-exposed cells were also most sensitive to menadione (20 mumol/L, 2 h), a compound which generates superoxide radicals intracellularly.	Superoxides	110-120	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	8-11
8635290-0	1996	Role of cytokines, tyrosine kinase, and protein kinase C on production of superoxide and induction of scavenging enzymes in human leukocytes.	Superoxides	74-84	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	40-56
8635290-3	1996	The results revealed that both (O2)- generation stimulated by five different agents (opsonized zymosan, A23187, PAF, PMA, and fMLP) and the inductions of all three scavenging enzymes were potentiated by priming with TNF-alpha.	Superoxides	32-34	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	126-130
8635290-3	1996	The results revealed that both (O2)- generation stimulated by five different agents (opsonized zymosan, A23187, PAF, PMA, and fMLP) and the inductions of all three scavenging enzymes were potentiated by priming with TNF-alpha.	Superoxides	32-34	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	216-225
8635290-5	1996	IFN-gamma decreased (O2)- generation but increased scavenging enzyme induction.	Superoxides	21-23	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-9
8635290-6	1996	Antibodies to all three cytokines and all the TK and PKC inhibitors decreased (O2)- stimulated by most agents, but markedly enhanced (O2)- levels stimulated by PAF.	Superoxides	79-81	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	53-56
8666806-6	1996	Monocytes differentiated from the IFN-gamma-transduced PBHP cells demonstrated 1) up-regulation of MHC class I and II Ag expression, 2) increased Fc(gamma)RI expression, and 3) enhanced superoxide production in response to both opsonized zymosan (25-fold) and phorbol ester (3-fold).	Superoxides	186-196	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	34-43
8638526-7	1996	Recent information suggests that nitrate tolerance is caused by increased levels of superoxide at the vascular wall, which leads to reduced nitric oxide level and to increased sensitivity to vasoconstrictive mechanisms, such as endothelin and angiotensin II.	Superoxides	84-94	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	228-257
8967506-8	1996	These results suggest that xanthine oxidase-mediated superoxide anion-dependent activation of NF-kappa B occurs in vivo and in vitro.	Superoxides	53-69	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	94-104
8639425-3	1996	Superoxide release was assessed by a cytochrome c reduction assay.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	37-49
8727074-6	1996	IFN-alpha, beta, and gamma enhanced production of oxygen radicals, including superoxide, by D3-HL-60 cells.	Superoxides	77-87	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	0-9
8727074-7	1996	Superoxide production was enhanced to the greatest degree by IFN-gamma, followed by IFN-beta and then IFN-gamma.	Superoxides	0-10	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	61-70
8727074-7	1996	Superoxide production was enhanced to the greatest degree by IFN-gamma, followed by IFN-beta and then IFN-gamma.	Superoxides	0-10	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	102-111
8658499-5	1996	Total hydrogen peroxide and superoxide production was increased by stimulation of IFN gamma-primed cells with zymosan, but relative increases in primed V-treated cells were lower than that in controls.	Superoxides	28-38	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	82-91
8614020-7	1996	In vitro an inhibition of CAT activity was observed in the presence of a superoxide anion generating system, and this inhibition was prevented by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	73-89	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	26-29
8614020-11	1996	In the presence of superoxide anions, catalase may aggravate the lesions, and this possibility should be kept in mind when considering an antioxidant therapy.	Superoxides	19-36	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	38-46
8621776-0	1996	Angiotensin II-mediated hypertension in the rat increases vascular superoxide production via membrane NADH/NADPH oxidase activation.	Superoxides	67-77	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
8621776-2	1996	We tested the hypothesis that angiotensin II-induced hypertension is associated with an increase in vascular .O2- production, and characterized the oxidase involved in this process.	Superoxides	110-112	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	30-44
8621776-3	1996	Infusion of angiotensin II (0.7 mg/kg per d) increased systolic blood pressure and doubled vascular .O2- production (assessed by lucigenin chemiluminescence), predominantly from the vascular media.	Superoxides	101-103	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	12-26
8621776-5	1996	Studies using various enzyme inhibitors and vascular homogenates suggested that the predominant source of .O2- activated by angiotensin II infusion is an NADH/NADPH-dependent, membrane-bound oxidase.	Superoxides	107-109	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	124-138
8621776-8	1996	When Losartan was administered concomitantly with angiotensin II, vascular .O2- production and relaxations were normalized, demonstrating a role for the angiotensin type-1 receptor in these processes.	Superoxides	76-78	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	50-64
8621776-9	1996	We conclude that forms of hypertension associated with elevated circulating levels of angiotensin II may have unique vascular effects not shared by other forms of hypertension because they increase vascular smooth muscle .O2- production via NADH/NADPH oxidase activation.	Superoxides	222-224	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	86-100
8731012-2	1996	VE and CoQ8 inhibited O2.- generation of neutrophils stimulated by a protein kinase C mediated process monitored by cytochrome c reduction and spin trapping methods.	Superoxides	22-24	coenzyme Q8A	Homo sapiens	7-11
8731012-2	1996	VE and CoQ8 inhibited O2.- generation of neutrophils stimulated by a protein kinase C mediated process monitored by cytochrome c reduction and spin trapping methods.	Superoxides	22-24	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	116-128
8617263-7	1996	In summary, an activity has been identified in human and mouse melanoma cells that catalyzes the superoxide-dependent polymerization of (HO)2IndCOOH to melanin in vitro, and appears to be a function of the pmel 17/silver protein of the human pmel 17 gene and the mouse silver locus.	Superoxides	97-107	premelanosome protein	Homo sapiens	242-249
8611025-6	1996	The determination of the rate constants of reaction of superoxide radical with thiols by spectrophotometrical cytochrome C assay could result in an underestimation of the values due to the reduction of cytochrome C by thiols.	Superoxides	55-73	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	202-214
8611027-4	1996	Spectroscopic studies indicated NADH:molecular oxygen reductase activity resulted in the production of the superoxide radical, detected as the formation of adrenochrome from epinephrine and by the formation of adrenochrome from epinephrine and by the reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium, both of which could be inhibited by the addition of superoxide dismutase and were unaffected by the addition of catalase.	Superoxides	107-125	catalase	Homo sapiens	399-407
8651446-17	1996	These data suggest that (1) both acute and chronic alcohol administration to rats inhibit AM TNF-alpha and NO secretion; (2) acute and chronic alcohol treatment have differential effects on AM O2- secretion; and (3) alcohol-induced alteration in AM TNF-alpha, O2-, and NO secretion may in part explain the increased susceptibility of alcohol-consuming individuals to pulmonary infections.	Superoxides	260-262	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	249-258
8850321-11	1996	These results indicated that transfection with the SOD gene was effective against superoxide anion induced cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	82-98	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	51-54
8683033-5	1996	The superoxide anion production was stimulated by Zymosan, the TNF release by LPS.	Superoxides	4-20	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	63-66
8641336-1	1996	Interleukin-10 (IL-10) inhibited the production of superoxide anion (02-) by both unactivated and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-activated human monocytes.	Superoxides	51-67	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	98-114
8641336-1	1996	Interleukin-10 (IL-10) inhibited the production of superoxide anion (02-) by both unactivated and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-activated human monocytes.	Superoxides	51-67	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	116-125
8641336-7	1996	On the other hand, the induced O2- production by human monocytic leukemia cell lines (THP-1 and HL60) was not inhibited by IL-10.	Superoxides	31-33	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	86-91
8641338-1	1996	Both monocyte chemotactic and activating factor (MCAF) and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) stimulated an increase in cytoplasmic free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) and changes in intracellular pH (pHi) in human monocytes in parallel at lower concentrations and stimulated superoxide (O2-) release and changes in transmembrane potential in parallel at higher concentrations.	Superoxides	272-282	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	100-104
8641338-1	1996	Both monocyte chemotactic and activating factor (MCAF) and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) stimulated an increase in cytoplasmic free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) and changes in intracellular pH (pHi) in human monocytes in parallel at lower concentrations and stimulated superoxide (O2-) release and changes in transmembrane potential in parallel at higher concentrations.	Superoxides	284-286	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	100-104
8641338-9	1996	These findings suggest that MCAF, alone or in concert with other cytokines, primes monocytes for enhanced release of 02-, and that MCAF- or FMLP-induced intracellular acidification and alkalinization are closely associated with an increase in [Ca2+]i, but not O2- release.	Superoxides	260-262	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	140-144
8683033-6	1996	By incubation with 5 x 10(-6) and 5 x 10(-7) M Salbutamol or 5 x 10(-7) and 5 x 10(-8) M Isoproterenol prior to the stimulation, the production of superoxide anions as well as of TNF was inhibited to a significant degree.	Superoxides	147-164	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	179-182
8603994-0	1996	Alkyl-PAF and acyl-PAF human neutrophil priming for enhanced fMLP- and rC5a-induced superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	84-100	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
8655638-0	1996	Involvement of protein phosphatase 2A in PKC-independent pathway of neutrophil superoxide generation by fMLP.	Superoxides	79-89	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	104-108
8655638-2	1996	Superoxide generation induced by fMLP was inhibited by low-dose okadaic acid (10-100 nM), but it had no effect on superoxide synthesis by PMA, and the fMLP-induced rise of the intracellular Ca2+ concentration was not affected by low-dose okadaic acid.	Superoxides	0-10	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
8655638-2	1996	Superoxide generation induced by fMLP was inhibited by low-dose okadaic acid (10-100 nM), but it had no effect on superoxide synthesis by PMA, and the fMLP-induced rise of the intracellular Ca2+ concentration was not affected by low-dose okadaic acid.	Superoxides	0-10	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	151-155
8655638-6	1996	These findings suggested that fMLP induced phosphorylation of serine residues in p47phox was regulated by protein phosphatase 2A, and its phosphorylation was necessary for translocation and superoxide generation in fMLP-activated human neutrophils.	Superoxides	190-200	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	30-34
8655638-6	1996	These findings suggested that fMLP induced phosphorylation of serine residues in p47phox was regulated by protein phosphatase 2A, and its phosphorylation was necessary for translocation and superoxide generation in fMLP-activated human neutrophils.	Superoxides	190-200	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	215-219
8555272-14	1996	The priming of O2- production by C2-ceramide could involve yet unidentified mechanisms specific for fMLP, or it might imply that cytokines such as TNF-alpha have different mechanisms than C2-ceramide.	Superoxides	15-17	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	100-104
8555272-0	1996	C2-ceramide primes specifically for the superoxide anion production induced by N-formylmethionylleucyl phenylalanine (fMLP) in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	40-56	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	118-122
8543834-8	1996	Although iC5b67 antagonizes C5a and FMLP receptor-mediated superoxide generation, iC5b67 had no effect on PMA-induced superoxide formation.	Superoxides	59-69	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	36-49
8555272-3	1996	The preincubation of PMN for 15 min with C2-ceramide increased by up to almost 3-fold the amounts of O2- generated in response to 0.1 and 1 microM fMLP.	Superoxides	101-103	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	147-151
8555272-5	1996	Though less potent than C2-ceramide, C6-ceramide (N-hexanoylsphingosine) could prime for O2- generated in response to 0.1 microM fMLP, with maximal effects obtained at 10-20 microM.	Superoxides	89-91	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	129-133
8555272-7	1996	As expected, TNF-alpha (1000 U/ml), also primed for fMLP-induced O2- production; however, the combination of TNF-alpha and C2-ceramide showed no additive effect.	Superoxides	65-67	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	13-22
8555272-7	1996	As expected, TNF-alpha (1000 U/ml), also primed for fMLP-induced O2- production; however, the combination of TNF-alpha and C2-ceramide showed no additive effect.	Superoxides	65-67	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	52-56
9030886-9	1996	The superoxide radical generated by xanthine and xanthine oxidase reaction also formed 1 mumol/l GSA from 1 mumol/l ASA and the GSA formation was inhibited by superoxide dismutase or catalase almost completely.	Superoxides	4-14	catalase	Homo sapiens	183-191
8739176-2	1996	SST inhibited the production of PGE2 from monocytes stimulated by opsonized zymosan in all groups including the healthy control group and also inhibited the production of superoxide from PMNC after stimulation with FMLP.	Superoxides	171-181	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	215-219
8772511-3	1996	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) prevents this reaction by converting O2-.	Superoxides	64-66	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
8772511-3	1996	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) prevents this reaction by converting O2-.	Superoxides	64-66	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
8546573-11	1996	In addition, the IL-6-treated population produced more superoxide after 24 hours than did the untreated or heat-denature IL-6-treated groups, after either activating stimulus.	Superoxides	55-65	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	17-21
8546573-12	1996	CONCLUSIONS: Interleukin-6 delays PMN apoptosis, resulting in a larger population of surviving PMNs with a greater collective capacity for superoxide production.	Superoxides	139-149	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	13-26
8616950-3	1996	Similar to PMNL, monocytes obtained from IgA nephropathy (IgAN) seemed to be primed both non-specifically and specifically, as increased O2- generation was observed to N-formyl methionyl leucyl phenylalanine (FMLP) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), as well as IgA aggregates stimulants, respectively.	Superoxides	137-139	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	209-213
8743981-14	1996	The high level of EC SOD in vessels, and its localization between endothelial and smooth muscle cells, suggest that regulation of superoxide may be particularly important in this region, possibly in regulating vascular tone.	Superoxides	130-140	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	18-24
8720914-5	1996	The reaction constants with the reactive oxygen species hydroxyl radical and superoxide radical were also calculated and found to be 1.5 x 10(9) M-1s-1 and 8.1 x 10(2) M-1s-1, respectively.	Superoxides	77-95	tumor associated calcium signal transducer 2	Homo sapiens	145-151
8720914-5	1996	The reaction constants with the reactive oxygen species hydroxyl radical and superoxide radical were also calculated and found to be 1.5 x 10(9) M-1s-1 and 8.1 x 10(2) M-1s-1, respectively.	Superoxides	77-95	tumor associated calcium signal transducer 2	Homo sapiens	168-174
23282589-4	1996	High IL-4 concentrations are able to overcome the impairment in downregulation of proinflammatory cytokines and superoxide anions, respectively.	Superoxides	112-129	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	5-9
8726812-9	1996	Superoxide production in 100 microliters aliquots of aqueous fluid was 0.95 +/- 0.18 and 0.6 +/- 0.18 nmol O2/10 min in control eyes and in the eyes bearing sequestered TGF-beta 1, respectively (p &lt; 0.02).	Superoxides	0-10	LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: transforming growth factor beta-1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	169-179
8551399-3	1996	The data indicate that mutations in the p47-phagocyte oxidase component of the reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase component do not completely prevent oxidation despite severe defects in superoxide generation.	Superoxides	211-221	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	87-138
8613791-5	1996	Death induced by SOD1 downregulation appeared to require the reaction of superoxide with nitric oxide (NO) to form peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	73-83	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	17-21
8770966-11	1996	While superoxide anion reduces ET-1 levels, H2O2 leads to enhanced production of the peptide.	Superoxides	6-22	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	31-35
8699936-3	1996	We report herein that neutrophils from poorly controlled diabetics have impaired ability to generate superoxide in response to N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP) but not to 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).	Superoxides	101-111	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	127-147
8699936-3	1996	We report herein that neutrophils from poorly controlled diabetics have impaired ability to generate superoxide in response to N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP) but not to 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).	Superoxides	101-111	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	149-153
8699936-6	1996	These data show that decreased superoxide generation by neutrophils in insulin-dependent diabetics is, in part, due to impaired activation of phospholipase D and is solely due to high glucose concentrations.	Superoxides	31-41	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	142-157
8761342-1	1996	It has been proposed that the pathogenesis of Down"s Syndrome (DS) involves reactive oxygen species (ROS) arising from a gene dosage effect that disproportionately elevates superoxide dismutase (SOD1) activity.	Superoxides	173-183	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	195-199
8676749-1	1996	The impairment of superoxide anion (O2-) generation by aged polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) stimulated with formyl-methionyl-leucine-phenylalanine (FMLP) has been reported.	Superoxides	18-34	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	146-150
8676749-1	1996	The impairment of superoxide anion (O2-) generation by aged polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) stimulated with formyl-methionyl-leucine-phenylalanine (FMLP) has been reported.	Superoxides	36-38	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	146-150
8717151-1	1996	In human neutrophils, histamine H2-receptors mediate activation of adenylyl cyclase (AC) and inhibition of N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (FMLP)-induced superoxide anion (O2-) formation, and in HL-60 promyelocytes, H2-receptors mediate parallel activation of AC, phospholipase C (PLC) and non-selective cation (NSC) channels.	Superoxides	168-184	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	154-158
8717151-1	1996	In human neutrophils, histamine H2-receptors mediate activation of adenylyl cyclase (AC) and inhibition of N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (FMLP)-induced superoxide anion (O2-) formation, and in HL-60 promyelocytes, H2-receptors mediate parallel activation of AC, phospholipase C (PLC) and non-selective cation (NSC) channels.	Superoxides	186-188	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	154-158
8825394-0	1996	Endothelin-1 has a priming effect on production of superoxide anion by alveolar macrophages: its possible correlation with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.	Superoxides	51-67	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	0-12
8825394-7	1996	PMA-stimulated production of O2- increased when cells were preincubated with several doses of ET-1 (5 x 10(-13) to 2 x 10(-12) M), whereas ET-3 was without effect.	Superoxides	29-31	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	94-98
8825394-8	1996	TAS contained significant amounts of immunoreactive ET-1, and there was a close positive correlation (r = 0.764) between the activity of O2- production and immunoreactive ET-1 levels in TAS samples.	Superoxides	137-139	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	52-56
8825394-8	1996	TAS contained significant amounts of immunoreactive ET-1, and there was a close positive correlation (r = 0.764) between the activity of O2- production and immunoreactive ET-1 levels in TAS samples.	Superoxides	137-139	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	171-175
8825394-9	1996	These results may be interpreted to indicate that ET-1 synthesized by and secreted from tracheal epithelial cells and/or alveolar macrophages has a priming effect on alveolar macrophages to produce O2-, thus possibly contributing to the development of BPD.	Superoxides	198-201	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	50-54
8961380-2	1996	After stimulation with substance P (30 microM), single synovial A (macrophage-like) or B (fibroblast-like) cells released oxyradicals such as superoxide anions (O2-) and/or hypochlorous anions (OCl-) under a microscope equipped with an ultrasensitive photonic image intensifier.	Superoxides	142-159	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	23-34
8961380-2	1996	After stimulation with substance P (30 microM), single synovial A (macrophage-like) or B (fibroblast-like) cells released oxyradicals such as superoxide anions (O2-) and/or hypochlorous anions (OCl-) under a microscope equipped with an ultrasensitive photonic image intensifier.	Superoxides	161-164	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	23-34
8521415-6	1995	These findings indicate that intracellular SOD is involved in cell motility by virtue of its action in scavenging superoxide in the cells.	Superoxides	114-124	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	43-46
8541554-6	1995	Calmodulin antagonists (calmidazolium and W-7) caused up to 80% inhibition of MBP-stimulated O2- production.	Superoxides	93-95	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	0-10
7493969-6	1995	Adding superoxide dismutase to the medium markedly reduced the ratio of NO3- to NO2-, consistent with the hypothesis that NO3- in the medium results primarily from the extracellular reaction of NO with O2-..	Superoxides	81-83	NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist	Homo sapiens	122-125
8719801-2	1995	The role of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn SOD) in protection of nitrergic neurotransmission in the mouse anococcygeus was investigated by use of duroquinone (DQ), which generates superoxide anions within tissues via reduction by flavoprotein enzymes.	Superoxides	189-206	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	46-55
8567031-0	1995	Serine protease inhibitors block priming of monocytes for enhanced release of superoxide.	Superoxides	78-88	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	0-15
8567031-5	1995	The ability of LPS, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha or PAF to maintain the high superoxide response was blocked by addition of inhibitors of serine proteases, either 4-(2-aminoethyl)-benzenesulphonyl fluoride (AEBSF) or 3,4-dichloroisocoumarin.	Superoxides	69-79	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	20-29
8567031-5	1995	The ability of LPS, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha or PAF to maintain the high superoxide response was blocked by addition of inhibitors of serine proteases, either 4-(2-aminoethyl)-benzenesulphonyl fluoride (AEBSF) or 3,4-dichloroisocoumarin.	Superoxides	69-79	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	31-40
8567031-11	1995	We conclude that activity of a monocyte serine protease is required to maintain the high superoxide response in monocytes primed with LPS, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, or PAF.	Superoxides	89-99	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	40-55
8567031-11	1995	We conclude that activity of a monocyte serine protease is required to maintain the high superoxide response in monocytes primed with LPS, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, or PAF.	Superoxides	89-99	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	139-148
8567031-11	1995	We conclude that activity of a monocyte serine protease is required to maintain the high superoxide response in monocytes primed with LPS, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, or PAF.	Superoxides	89-99	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	150-159
8595930-3	1995	IFN-gamma treatment enhanced O2- production of fMLP or PMA-stimulated U937 cells.	Superoxides	29-31	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-9
8595930-3	1995	IFN-gamma treatment enhanced O2- production of fMLP or PMA-stimulated U937 cells.	Superoxides	29-31	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	47-51
8595935-2	1995	We found that IdB 1031 did not depress neutrophil phagocytosis and chemotaxis, whereas at a concentration of 10(-4) M it significantly (p &lt; 0.05) reduced the fMLP-triggered neutrophil production of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	201-217	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	161-165
8683417-6	1995	Nicotine inhibited production of superoxide anion (measured by reduction of cytochrome c) and hydrogen peroxide (measured by oxidation of phenol red).	Superoxides	33-49	cytochrome c	Nicotiana tabacum	76-88
8683417-8	1995	By observing that nicotine inhibited the reduction of cytochrome c by reagent potassium superoxide, we determined that nicotine directly absorbed superoxide.	Superoxides	88-98	cytochrome c	Nicotiana tabacum	54-66
7493016-1	1995	The Sod2 gene for Mn-superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), an intramitochondrial free radical scavenging enzyme that is the first line of defense against superoxide produced as a byproduct of oxidative phosphorylation, was inactivated by homologous recombination.	Superoxides	21-31	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	4-8
7493016-1	1995	The Sod2 gene for Mn-superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), an intramitochondrial free radical scavenging enzyme that is the first line of defense against superoxide produced as a byproduct of oxidative phosphorylation, was inactivated by homologous recombination.	Superoxides	21-31	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	43-48
7493016-4	1995	These findings indicate that MnSOD is required for normal biological function of tissues by maintaining the integrity of mitochondrial enzymes susceptible to direct inactivation by superoxide.	Superoxides	181-191	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	29-34
7578122-2	1995	Zn2+ blocks NADPH-dependent reduction of heme iron in nNOS and also blocks the calmodulin-dependent superoxide-mediated cytochrome c reductase activity exhibited by nNOS.	Superoxides	100-110	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	120-132
7594500-4	1995	Incubation with GM-CSF (10 or 100 pM) significantly enhanced FMLP-stimulated EOS superoxide anion (O2-) generation, LTC4 release, and adhesion to tissue culture plates.	Superoxides	81-97	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
7594500-4	1995	Incubation with GM-CSF (10 or 100 pM) significantly enhanced FMLP-stimulated EOS superoxide anion (O2-) generation, LTC4 release, and adhesion to tissue culture plates.	Superoxides	99-101	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
7594506-8	1995	In addition, H22 is able to trigger superoxide release from Fc gamma RI-bearing cells, a finding that demonstrates that H22 triggers Fc gamma RI functions.	Superoxides	36-46	histocompatibility 22	Mus musculus	13-16
7594506-8	1995	In addition, H22 is able to trigger superoxide release from Fc gamma RI-bearing cells, a finding that demonstrates that H22 triggers Fc gamma RI functions.	Superoxides	36-46	Fc receptor, IgG, high affinity I	Mus musculus	60-71
7594506-8	1995	In addition, H22 is able to trigger superoxide release from Fc gamma RI-bearing cells, a finding that demonstrates that H22 triggers Fc gamma RI functions.	Superoxides	36-46	histocompatibility 22	Mus musculus	120-123
7594506-8	1995	In addition, H22 is able to trigger superoxide release from Fc gamma RI-bearing cells, a finding that demonstrates that H22 triggers Fc gamma RI functions.	Superoxides	36-46	Fc receptor, IgG, high affinity I	Mus musculus	133-144
7492242-3	1995	The generation of superoxide anion (O2-) was used as a measure of oxidative activity using 10(-7) mol/l N-formyl-methionylleucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) as the stimulating agonist and 10(-8) mol/l platelet activating factor (PAF) as the priming agent.	Superoxides	18-34	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	144-148
7492242-4	1995	RESULTS: The production of O2- by blood and synovial fluid neutrophils from RA patients in response to FMLP was greater than that observed with control blood neutrophils (p &lt; 0.001).	Superoxides	27-29	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	103-107
8555055-1	1995	Human neutrophils, plated on fibronectin-coated polystyrene wells, were found to exhibit a prolonged production of superoxide anion (O2-) in response to tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF).	Superoxides	115-131	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	29-40
7583586-5	1995	The EC-SOD concentration in the human arterial wall extracellular space is high enough to efficiently suppress the putative pathological effects of the superoxide radical, such as oxidation of LDL and reaction with nitric oxide to form the deleterious peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	152-170	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	4-10
7583586-8	1995	This wide variation in EC-SOD content suggests that the susceptibility to pathologies induced by superoxide radicals in the vascular wall interstitium should vary widely among species.	Superoxides	97-107	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	23-29
8555055-2	1995	The TNF-triggered O2- production was significantly reduced by 10 microM prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which was ineffective at lower doses.	Superoxides	18-20	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	4-7
8555055-4	1995	When PGE2 and RO 20-1724 were added together to TNF-triggered neutrophils they caused a marked synergistic inhibition of O2- production.	Superoxides	121-123	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	48-51
8555055-8	1995	Moreover, the membrane-permeable analogue of cAMP, dibutyryl cAMP, was found to inhibit the TNF-induced O2- production in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	104-106	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	92-95
8588923-2	1995	This method, for use with the particulate neutrophil activator, is a modification of the cytochrome c reduction system that measures O2- release from adherent neutrophils stimulated with soluble mediators such as phorbol-myristate-acetate (PMA).	Superoxides	133-135	LOC101107954	Ovis aries	89-101
8655292-0	1995	Stimulation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infected cells with superoxide enhances the chemotactic motile response of CD4+ human T cells: implication for virus transmission by cell-to-cell interaction.	Superoxides	71-81	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	126-129
8655292-2	1995	In this study, we describe a novel chemotactic response of uninfected CD4+ T cells by stimulating infected T cells with O2-.	Superoxides	120-123	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	70-73
8655292-6	1995	In addition, it is unlikely that the O2(-)-induced chemotactic response is due to soluble HIV-1 proteins from infected cells or to amplified expression levels of cell surface functional molecules such as CD4 and LFA-1 (CD11a and CD18) as well as HIV-1 Env gp120 on uninfected and/or infected cells.	Superoxides	37-40	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	204-207
8595067-5	1995	The time dependence of COX-2 inhibitors might afford some clues to a better understanding of the mechanism of COX-2 selective inhibition, on the discrepancy between some authors about the potency of the drug and on the relationship between COX-2 inhibition and inhibition of superoxide anion production, an event also characterized by a time dependence.	Superoxides	275-291	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	23-28
8595067-5	1995	The time dependence of COX-2 inhibitors might afford some clues to a better understanding of the mechanism of COX-2 selective inhibition, on the discrepancy between some authors about the potency of the drug and on the relationship between COX-2 inhibition and inhibition of superoxide anion production, an event also characterized by a time dependence.	Superoxides	275-291	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	110-115
8595067-5	1995	The time dependence of COX-2 inhibitors might afford some clues to a better understanding of the mechanism of COX-2 selective inhibition, on the discrepancy between some authors about the potency of the drug and on the relationship between COX-2 inhibition and inhibition of superoxide anion production, an event also characterized by a time dependence.	Superoxides	275-291	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	110-115
8593536-5	1995	However, the role of superoxide radicals in the autoxidation of leucoadrenochrome during the reduction of adrenochrome by DT-diaphorase was found to be predominant.	Superoxides	21-31	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	122-135
7590390-2	1995	Certain of their components stimulate further superoxide production by competent cells, as shown with cytochrome c assay in previous work.	Superoxides	46-56	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	102-114
8538064-3	1995	O2- production of peritoneal macrophages in the M-5 (50 mg/kg)-treated group was significantly higher than that in the control group.	Superoxides	0-2	cholinergic receptor, muscarinic 5	Mus musculus	48-51
7559438-1	1995	Neuronal NO synthase (NOS) is a flavin-containing hemeprotein that generates NO from L-arginine, NADPH, and O2.	Superoxides	108-110	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	9-20
7573383-0	1995	Effects of peroxide and superoxide on coronary artery: ANG II response and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump.	Superoxides	24-34	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	55-61
7670947-8	1995	In the absence of paracetamol, SOD and catalase inhibited the modification of LDL (P &lt; .05), suggesting that superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide might be involved in the cell-mediated modification pathway.	Superoxides	112-129	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	31-34
7670947-8	1995	In the absence of paracetamol, SOD and catalase inhibited the modification of LDL (P &lt; .05), suggesting that superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide might be involved in the cell-mediated modification pathway.	Superoxides	112-129	catalase	Homo sapiens	39-47
7664497-1	1995	Human neutrophils, plated on fibronectin-precoated wells, were found to release large quantities of superoxide anion (O2-) in response to GM-CSF.	Superoxides	100-116	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	29-40
7664497-1	1995	Human neutrophils, plated on fibronectin-precoated wells, were found to release large quantities of superoxide anion (O2-) in response to GM-CSF.	Superoxides	118-120	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	29-40
8546861-1	1995	The electrochemical determination of superoxide anion generation by isolated mammalian osteoclasts was carried out by employing cytochrome c, immobilized at a surface-modified gold electrode.	Superoxides	37-53	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	128-140
7544379-10	1995	Interestingly, although superoxide production by eosinophils triggered by immobilized IgG was inhibited by mAb to CD18, superoxide production and morphologic change of neutrophils were not.	Superoxides	24-34	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	114-118
7543540-0	1995	Eosinophil adhesion to vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 activates superoxide anion generation.	Superoxides	67-83	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	23-56
7543540-4	1995	In addition, eosinophils incubated in VCAM-1-coated wells spontaneously generated modest but significant amounts of superoxide anion (O2-; 2.0 +/- 1.3 vs 00.5 +/- 0.5 nmol/5 x 10(5) cells, n = 9, p = 0.029).	Superoxides	116-132	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	38-44
7543540-4	1995	In addition, eosinophils incubated in VCAM-1-coated wells spontaneously generated modest but significant amounts of superoxide anion (O2-; 2.0 +/- 1.3 vs 00.5 +/- 0.5 nmol/5 x 10(5) cells, n = 9, p = 0.029).	Superoxides	134-136	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	38-44
7543540-5	1995	Moreover, when 100 nM FMLP was added to eosinophils in the presence of VCAM-1, significantly greater O2- generation occurred (7.2 +/- 0.9 vs 5.4 +/- 1.0 (FCS control) nmol/5 x 10(5) cells, n = 9, p = 0.009).	Superoxides	101-103	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	22-26
7543540-5	1995	Moreover, when 100 nM FMLP was added to eosinophils in the presence of VCAM-1, significantly greater O2- generation occurred (7.2 +/- 0.9 vs 5.4 +/- 1.0 (FCS control) nmol/5 x 10(5) cells, n = 9, p = 0.009).	Superoxides	101-103	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	71-77
7543540-7	1995	In contrast, the anti-CD18 mAb, L130, inhibited the spontaneous and enhanced O2- generation to FMLP without affecting adhesion, suggesting an involvement of CD18 molecule(s) only in VCAM-1-enhanced respiratory burst.	Superoxides	77-79	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	22-26
7543540-7	1995	In contrast, the anti-CD18 mAb, L130, inhibited the spontaneous and enhanced O2- generation to FMLP without affecting adhesion, suggesting an involvement of CD18 molecule(s) only in VCAM-1-enhanced respiratory burst.	Superoxides	77-79	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	95-99
7543540-7	1995	In contrast, the anti-CD18 mAb, L130, inhibited the spontaneous and enhanced O2- generation to FMLP without affecting adhesion, suggesting an involvement of CD18 molecule(s) only in VCAM-1-enhanced respiratory burst.	Superoxides	77-79	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	182-188
8605000-2	1996	Interleukin-8 triggers several functions of neutrophils in host defense: chemotaxis, degranulation and enzyme release, and superoxide production.	Superoxides	123-133	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	0-13
8605038-0	1996	Superoxide anion reduces the ability of myeloperoxidase to damage lipids.	Superoxides	0-16	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	40-55
8750888-9	1995	It is proposed that superoxide radicals affect spreading depression and brain edema produced by TBI and that this effect may either directly or indirectly modulate the expression of the c-fos and hsp70 genes after TBI.	Superoxides	20-39	heat shock protein 1B	Mus musculus	196-201
7591064-0	1995	Growth hormone activation of human monocytes for superoxide production but not tumor necrosis factor production, cell adherence, or action against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.	Superoxides	49-59	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	0-14
8655288-4	1995	Micromolar concentrations of pentoxifylline decreased native and recombinant tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha)-primed formyl met-leu-phe (fMLP)-stimulated PMN chemiluminescence, superoxide production and myeloperoxidase (MPO) release.	Superoxides	184-194	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	106-115
8655288-4	1995	Micromolar concentrations of pentoxifylline decreased native and recombinant tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha)-primed formyl met-leu-phe (fMLP)-stimulated PMN chemiluminescence, superoxide production and myeloperoxidase (MPO) release.	Superoxides	184-194	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	144-148
8590308-7	1995	To elucidate the cause of the inhibition of cell differentiation by IFN-gamma, the ability of the cells to produce superoxide (O2-) was examined after culture for 5 days in the presence of 1,25(OH)2D3 and IFN-gamma.	Superoxides	115-125	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	68-77
8590308-8	1995	The results indicated that the inhibition of IFN-gamma was caused by a reduction in the ability of the cells to produce O2- in response to stimulation by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Superoxides	120-122	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	45-54
7474002-10	1995	The enhanced NO3- formation may well result from NO reacting with oxygen-free radicals counteracting superoxide anion-induced destruction of tissue, thereby potentially functioning as a protectant molecule.	Superoxides	101-117	NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist	Homo sapiens	13-16
7578267-2	1995	Differentiation with the combination of either RA (1 microM) or 1,25-D3 (10 nM) with IFN-gamma (100 IU/ml) induced NADPH oxidase activity as demonstrated by increased superoxide anion (O2-) generation in response to stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA, 100 nM).	Superoxides	167-183	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	85-94
7578267-2	1995	Differentiation with the combination of either RA (1 microM) or 1,25-D3 (10 nM) with IFN-gamma (100 IU/ml) induced NADPH oxidase activity as demonstrated by increased superoxide anion (O2-) generation in response to stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA, 100 nM).	Superoxides	185-187	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	85-94
7654216-1	1995	Detergent-mediated activation of the phagocyte superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase requires the participation of at least four proteins: the membrane-bound heterodimeric cytochrome b558 and three cytosolic components, p47-phox, p67-phox and a Rac1/Rac2 protein.	Superoxides	47-57	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	228-231
7654216-1	1995	Detergent-mediated activation of the phagocyte superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase requires the participation of at least four proteins: the membrane-bound heterodimeric cytochrome b558 and three cytosolic components, p47-phox, p67-phox and a Rac1/Rac2 protein.	Superoxides	47-57	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	248-252
8555055-1	1995	Human neutrophils, plated on fibronectin-coated polystyrene wells, were found to exhibit a prolonged production of superoxide anion (O2-) in response to tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF).	Superoxides	115-131	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	183-186
8555055-1	1995	Human neutrophils, plated on fibronectin-coated polystyrene wells, were found to exhibit a prolonged production of superoxide anion (O2-) in response to tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF).	Superoxides	133-136	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	29-40
8555055-1	1995	Human neutrophils, plated on fibronectin-coated polystyrene wells, were found to exhibit a prolonged production of superoxide anion (O2-) in response to tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF).	Superoxides	133-136	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	183-186
7648381-0	1995	IFN-gamma activates superoxide anion production in blood monocytes from allergic asthmatic patients.	Superoxides	20-36	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-9
7648381-3	1995	Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), a monocyte-activating lymphokine, has been shown to prime monocytes for superoxide anion release.	Superoxides	102-118	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-16
7648381-3	1995	Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), a monocyte-activating lymphokine, has been shown to prime monocytes for superoxide anion release.	Superoxides	102-118	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	18-27
7648381-4	1995	OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that IFN-gamma could directly activate blood monocyte superoxide anion release and evaluated its modulatory effect on IgE-induced superoxide anion release from those cells.	Superoxides	81-97	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	32-41
7648381-4	1995	OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that IFN-gamma could directly activate blood monocyte superoxide anion release and evaluated its modulatory effect on IgE-induced superoxide anion release from those cells.	Superoxides	157-173	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	32-41
7648381-8	1995	RESULTS: We found that IFN-gamma stimulated superoxide anion production and decreased the IgE-induced superoxide anion production after 30 minutes of IFN-gamma preincubation only in blood monocytes from patients with allergic asthma.	Superoxides	44-60	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	23-32
7648381-8	1995	RESULTS: We found that IFN-gamma stimulated superoxide anion production and decreased the IgE-induced superoxide anion production after 30 minutes of IFN-gamma preincubation only in blood monocytes from patients with allergic asthma.	Superoxides	102-118	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	23-32
7648381-8	1995	RESULTS: We found that IFN-gamma stimulated superoxide anion production and decreased the IgE-induced superoxide anion production after 30 minutes of IFN-gamma preincubation only in blood monocytes from patients with allergic asthma.	Superoxides	102-118	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	150-159
7639508-2	1995	The generation of superoxide anion was detected by measuring the superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of oxidized cytochrome C.	Superoxides	18-34	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	120-132
7639707-4	1995	The difference in the efficacy of both NO-generating compounds could be due to the additional release of superoxide by SIN-1, since superoxide dismutase and the nitrone 5,5"-dimethyl pyrroline-1-oxide markedly inhibited the SIN-1-induced covalent binding of NAD+ to GAPDH.	Superoxides	105-115	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	119-124
7639707-4	1995	The difference in the efficacy of both NO-generating compounds could be due to the additional release of superoxide by SIN-1, since superoxide dismutase and the nitrone 5,5"-dimethyl pyrroline-1-oxide markedly inhibited the SIN-1-induced covalent binding of NAD+ to GAPDH.	Superoxides	105-115	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	224-229
7639707-4	1995	The difference in the efficacy of both NO-generating compounds could be due to the additional release of superoxide by SIN-1, since superoxide dismutase and the nitrone 5,5"-dimethyl pyrroline-1-oxide markedly inhibited the SIN-1-induced covalent binding of NAD+ to GAPDH.	Superoxides	105-115	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	266-271
7639707-6	1995	Supporting further a role of oxygen free radicals in the NAD+ linkage to GAPDH, pyrogallol, a superoxide generator, which alone was ineffective, potentiated the SNP-evoked response.	Superoxides	94-104	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	73-78
7639707-7	1995	The NAD+ linkage to neuronal GAPDH measured in the presence of NO and superoxide probably involves sulphydryl groups, since the radiolabelling of the protein was reversed by exposure to HgCl2 and prevented by pretreatment with the alkylating agent N-ethylmaleimide.	Superoxides	70-80	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	29-34
7639707-9	1995	In conclusion, the present study indicates that superoxide anions potentiate NO-induced covalent NAD(+)-linkage to GAPDH and enzyme inactivation.	Superoxides	48-65	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	115-120
7649487-5	1995	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) (20 units/ml) inhibited the formation of the superoxide spin adduct of DMPO completely.	Superoxides	72-82	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
7649487-5	1995	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) (20 units/ml) inhibited the formation of the superoxide spin adduct of DMPO completely.	Superoxides	72-82	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
7643012-0	1995	C1q triggers neutrophil superoxide production by a unique CD18-dependent mechanism.	Superoxides	24-34	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	58-62
7638161-5	1995	Pretreatment with superoxide dismutase and catalase to scavenge O2.- partially prevents the apoptotic process triggered by S-nitrosocysteine or 3-morpholinosydnonimine.	Superoxides	64-66	catalase	Homo sapiens	43-51
7638753-8	1995	Also, fMLP-activated PMNs collected between 3 and 24 hours after injury expressed more O2- than controls (p &lt; or = 0.02), indicating in vivo, trauma-related priming.	Superoxides	87-89	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	6-10
7795241-1	1995	The 67-kD cytosolic protein (p67-phox) is an essential component of the superoxide-generating system in phagocytes, and its defect is known to cause chronic granulomatous disease (CGD).	Superoxides	72-82	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	29-32
7548755-5	1995	The effect of cytosol was inhibited by potassium cyanide but not by sodium benzoate or dimethyl sulfoxide, and was also not affected by heating at 60 degrees C for 30 min, suggesting that superoxide (SO) ion was involved in the reaction and that it was blocked by superoxide dismutase (SOD) present in the cytosol.	Superoxides	188-198	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	286-289
7582190-4	1995	In neutrophils obtained from serial blood samples, superoxide anion production (SOP) was determined by superoxide dismutase-inhibited reduction of cytochrome C and chemotactic mobility in the microchemotaxis chamber.	Superoxides	51-67	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	147-159
7601250-1	1995	Together, interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) and IL-1 beta primed human neutrophils for enhanced release of superoxide (O2-) stimulated by chemotactic peptide, chemokine, and plant lectin, and alone, each triggered O2- release in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	106-116	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	47-56
7601250-1	1995	Together, interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) and IL-1 beta primed human neutrophils for enhanced release of superoxide (O2-) stimulated by chemotactic peptide, chemokine, and plant lectin, and alone, each triggered O2- release in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	118-120	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	47-56
7601250-1	1995	Together, interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) and IL-1 beta primed human neutrophils for enhanced release of superoxide (O2-) stimulated by chemotactic peptide, chemokine, and plant lectin, and alone, each triggered O2- release in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	213-215	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	47-56
7607648-5	1995	The clastogenic effect was exerted via the intermediacy of superoxide radicals, since it was regularly inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	59-69	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	116-136
7607648-5	1995	The clastogenic effect was exerted via the intermediacy of superoxide radicals, since it was regularly inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	59-69	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	138-141
7616102-1	1995	Cytosolic components of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase (p47phox, p67phox, and Rac2) translocate to the plasma membrane on cell activation where they interact with a membrane-bound cytochrome b to generate superoxide anion.	Superoxides	202-218	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	75-79
7616108-3	1995	Priming of microglial cell cultures with interferon-gamma or tumor necrosis factor-alpha resulted in a dose- and time-dependent enhancement of O2- production.	Superoxides	143-145	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	41-88
7638274-5	1995	The UVA-dependent H2O2 formation was increased 50% by superoxide dismutase (SOD) and abolished by catalase, arguing for the initial generation of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	146-162	catalase	Homo sapiens	98-106
7562400-2	1995	The generation of O2- from the cells induced by saponins was monitored by the reduction of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	18-20	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	91-103
7668025-3	1995	The superoxide anion (O2-)-release of normal neutrophil granulocytes in response to N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) has been investigated after incubation with sera of patients with active and inactive Crohn"s disease and ulcerative colitis.	Superoxides	4-20	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	125-129
7668025-3	1995	The superoxide anion (O2-)-release of normal neutrophil granulocytes in response to N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) has been investigated after incubation with sera of patients with active and inactive Crohn"s disease and ulcerative colitis.	Superoxides	22-24	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	125-129
7668025-7	1995	The study shows that sera of patients with quiescent IBD as well as sera of patients with active disease have the potential to prime normal neutrophil granulocytes for an enhanced O2(-)-release in response to FMLP.	Superoxides	180-182	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	209-213
7797573-10	1995	As in HL-60 cells, cAMP inhibited the O2-production in fMLP-stimulated PMNs but had no effect on MAPK activity.	Superoxides	38-40	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	55-59
7552580-6	1995	It is found that 10(-3) M histamine can inhibit the fmlp induced superoxide anion radical production.	Superoxides	65-89	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	52-56
7767513-6	1995	Cells from antigen-challenged sites spontaneously produced a prominent DMPO-OH signal that was inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD), indicating the production of superoxide anions (O2-.).	Superoxides	165-182	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	108-128
7767513-6	1995	Cells from antigen-challenged sites spontaneously produced a prominent DMPO-OH signal that was inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD), indicating the production of superoxide anions (O2-.).	Superoxides	165-182	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	130-133
7767513-6	1995	Cells from antigen-challenged sites spontaneously produced a prominent DMPO-OH signal that was inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD), indicating the production of superoxide anions (O2-.).	Superoxides	184-186	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	108-128
7767513-6	1995	Cells from antigen-challenged sites spontaneously produced a prominent DMPO-OH signal that was inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD), indicating the production of superoxide anions (O2-.).	Superoxides	184-186	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	130-133
7767513-7	1995	Reduction of ferricytochrome c and production of luminol-dependent chemiluminescence via SOD-inhibitable reactions confirmed the spontaneous production of O2-.	Superoxides	155-157	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	89-92
7642221-6	1995	These results indicate a possible role for PKC in vanadyl hydroperoxide-mediated superoxide production, and that any PKC involvement is downstream of tyrosine phosphorylation.	Superoxides	81-91	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	43-46
7769095-1	1995	Previous work has shown that the Pseudomonas-derived protease, pseudomonas elastase (PAE), can modify transferrin to form iron complexes capable of catalyzing the formation of hydroxyl radical (.OH) from neutrophil (PMN)-derived superoxide (.O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	229-239	transferrin	Homo sapiens	102-113
7769095-1	1995	Previous work has shown that the Pseudomonas-derived protease, pseudomonas elastase (PAE), can modify transferrin to form iron complexes capable of catalyzing the formation of hydroxyl radical (.OH) from neutrophil (PMN)-derived superoxide (.O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	242-244	transferrin	Homo sapiens	102-113
7790769-1	1995	Neutrophils can inactivate lipopolysaccharide (LPS), thereby blocking the ability of LPS to prime fresh neutrophils for enhanced fMLP-triggered release of superoxide.	Superoxides	155-165	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	129-133
7790770-6	1995	However, neutrophils pretreated with interleukin-8 ingested IgA-opsonized microspheres and released superoxide when exposed to IgA antibody-antigen complexes.	Superoxides	100-110	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	37-50
7791340-3	1995	Therefore, we hypothesized that reperfused gut secretes platelet activating factor (PAF) via PLA2 activation that is responsible for increased PMN chemotaxis and priming for superoxide (O2-) generation.	Superoxides	174-184	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	93-97
7791340-3	1995	Therefore, we hypothesized that reperfused gut secretes platelet activating factor (PAF) via PLA2 activation that is responsible for increased PMN chemotaxis and priming for superoxide (O2-) generation.	Superoxides	186-188	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	93-97
7791340-8	1995	Additionally, PMNs were preincubated with or without WEB 2170 and their O2- release in response to 1 microM FMLP was measured by the Vmax of SOD-inhibitable cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	72-74	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	108-112
7599205-9	1995	Since the likeliest target of mitochondrial mutation is Complex I, deficiency of which causes MnSOD-inhibitable lethality, we propose that rising mtDNA mutations with age will cause an increase in superoxide-mediated cell death.	Superoxides	197-207	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	94-99
7735614-1	1995	We were previously able to show that the number of alveolar macrophages (AM) expressing CD11/CD18 molecules is increased in smokers compared with nonsmokers and related to the superoxide anion (O2-) production of these cells.	Superoxides	176-192	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	93-97
7735614-1	1995	We were previously able to show that the number of alveolar macrophages (AM) expressing CD11/CD18 molecules is increased in smokers compared with nonsmokers and related to the superoxide anion (O2-) production of these cells.	Superoxides	194-196	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	93-97
7722324-7	1995	Glucocorticoid-treated neutrophils produced significantly more superoxide in response to FMLP than untreated controls (p &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	63-73	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	89-93
7537975-5	1995	However, in cells differentiated with 1,25-D3 plus IFN-gamma, prior enrichment with all three PUFA slightly but significantly (P &lt; 0.05) increased the expression of the monocytic surface antigens CD11b and CD14 and generation of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	232-248	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	51-60
7659074-1	1995	Intact human neutrophils produced superoxide (O2-) by the stimulation with N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) even when the extracellular Ca2+ was absent (0.56 +/- 0.13 nmol/min per 10(6) cells).	Superoxides	34-44	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	116-120
7659074-1	1995	Intact human neutrophils produced superoxide (O2-) by the stimulation with N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) even when the extracellular Ca2+ was absent (0.56 +/- 0.13 nmol/min per 10(6) cells).	Superoxides	46-49	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	116-120
7659074-3	1995	Moreover, the O2- production by fMLP in the presence of extracellular Ca2+ was enhanced nearly three times by the treatment of cells with H-89, an inhibitor of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA).	Superoxides	14-16	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	32-36
7659074-6	1995	These observations suggest that not only Ca2+ influx but the inhibition of PKA is necessary for the maximum O2- production by fMLP and that the O2- production is partially suppressed by the activation of PKA induced by fMLP.	Superoxides	108-110	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	126-130
7659074-6	1995	These observations suggest that not only Ca2+ influx but the inhibition of PKA is necessary for the maximum O2- production by fMLP and that the O2- production is partially suppressed by the activation of PKA induced by fMLP.	Superoxides	144-146	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	219-223
7762668-4	1995	IFN-gamma-induced, FMLP-stimulated, PMN-mediated cytotoxicity was reduced by adding superoxide dismutase to scavenge superoxide anion or by adding catalase or glutathione peroxidase to scavenge hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	117-133	interferon gamma	Oryctolagus cuniculus	0-9
7738357-0	1995	Interleukin-8 and GRO alpha prime human neutrophils for superoxide anion production and induce up-regulation of N-formyl peptide receptors.	Superoxides	56-72	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	0-13
7738357-6	1995	This study indicates that IL-8 and GRO alpha, in addition to their known chemotactic activity, prime neutrophils for superoxide anion production, presumably by up-regulating the number of receptors for strong superoxide-anion-triggering stimuli.	Superoxides	117-133	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	26-30
7738357-6	1995	This study indicates that IL-8 and GRO alpha, in addition to their known chemotactic activity, prime neutrophils for superoxide anion production, presumably by up-regulating the number of receptors for strong superoxide-anion-triggering stimuli.	Superoxides	209-225	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	26-30
7565103-7	1995	Unlike the SSA1 and thioredoxin (TRX2) genes, expression of the GSH1 gene is more strongly induced by superoxide anions than by H2O2.	Superoxides	102-119	glutamate--cysteine ligase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	64-68
7733670-2	1995	This result is inconsistent with the conclusion that GO2 can reduce O2 to O2- which is then responsible for the reduction of NBT and of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	54-56	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	136-148
7733670-2	1995	This result is inconsistent with the conclusion that GO2 can reduce O2 to O2- which is then responsible for the reduction of NBT and of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	68-70	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	136-148
7706751-0	1995	TNF-induced superoxide anion production in adherent human neutrophils involves both the p55 and p75 TNF receptor.	Superoxides	12-28	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
7706751-0	1995	TNF-induced superoxide anion production in adherent human neutrophils involves both the p55 and p75 TNF receptor.	Superoxides	12-28	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	100-103
7706751-3	1995	Two mAbs reacting with TNF-R55 (H398 and TBP2) induced O2 release in a similar manner but to a lesser extent than TNF.	Superoxides	55-57	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	23-26
7706751-5	1995	Preincubation of neutrophils (both at 4 and 37 degrees C) with mAb to TNF-R75 decreased TNF-induced superoxide anion production by 67 and 64%, respectively, indicating the essential role also for TNF-R75 in neutrophil activation.	Superoxides	100-116	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	70-73
7793260-7	1995	It is suggested that CML PMN are in the resting condition in terms of their ability to generate O2- and that IFN-alpha is effective in inducing O2- generation by CML PMN.	Superoxides	144-146	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	109-118
7726572-4	1995	In this study we demonstrated that AO acts not only upon acetaldehyde but also upon NADH, with superoxide anion radical (O2.-) formation.	Superoxides	95-119	aldehyde oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	35-37
7726572-4	1995	In this study we demonstrated that AO acts not only upon acetaldehyde but also upon NADH, with superoxide anion radical (O2.-) formation.	Superoxides	121-123	aldehyde oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	35-37
7726572-6	1995	The NADH oxidation by AO promoted the O2.- generation and the ADP-Fe(3+)-dependent microsomal lipid peroxidation in a NADH and AO concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	38-40	aldehyde oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	22-24
7606349-7	1995	Similarly, the EP1-receptor agonist, 17-phenyl PGE2 (10 microM), and the EP3/EP1-receptor agonist, sulprostone (10 microM), also inhibited O2- generation, causing 32.2 +/- 7.0% and 15.3 +/- 3.4% inhibition respectively.	Superoxides	139-141	prostaglandin E receptor 3	Homo sapiens	73-89
7606203-7	1995	In addition, PSK has suppressed the malignant progression of mouse tumor cells through superoxide trapping.	Superoxides	87-97	TAO kinase 2	Mus musculus	13-16
7712674-5	1995	RESULTS: Superoxide generation induced by the stimulating agents increased significantly, reaching a peak after 12 hours (+116% [p &lt; 0.001] for fMLP and +66% [p &lt; 0.05] for PAF).	Superoxides	9-19	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	147-151
7712674-8	1995	The mathematic analysis of the effects of ciprofloxacin showed that time to maximal activity was between 10.4 hours (PAF-dependent [Ca2+]i increase), and 15 hours (fMLP-induced superoxide anion and chemiluminescence production).	Superoxides	177-193	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	164-168
7633566-1	1995	Superoxide generation by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) in suspension, or adherent to glass or plastic, after stimulation with N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine or phorbol myristate acetate was measured by cytochrome c reduction and spin trapping.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	216-228
7665212-5	1995	In the presence of SOD, superoxide anion could not be detected in the medium and the rate of induced-acrosome reaction was decreased greatly.	Superoxides	24-40	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	19-22
7722417-8	1995	IFN-gamma activation enhanced superoxide anion generation by D3-treated HL-60 cells but not by OCT-treated HL-60 cells, suggesting that the inhibition of L. pneumophila multiplication in IFN-gamma-activated cells is independent of superoxide generation.	Superoxides	30-46	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-9
7722417-8	1995	IFN-gamma activation enhanced superoxide anion generation by D3-treated HL-60 cells but not by OCT-treated HL-60 cells, suggesting that the inhibition of L. pneumophila multiplication in IFN-gamma-activated cells is independent of superoxide generation.	Superoxides	30-46	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	187-196
7722417-8	1995	IFN-gamma activation enhanced superoxide anion generation by D3-treated HL-60 cells but not by OCT-treated HL-60 cells, suggesting that the inhibition of L. pneumophila multiplication in IFN-gamma-activated cells is independent of superoxide generation.	Superoxides	30-40	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-9
7613035-2	1995	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) plays a major role in the protection of the mitochondrion from oxidative damage due to superoxide radicals and other excited oxygen species.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	32-38
7553049-3	1995	They also efficiently inhibited the production of O2- by both unstimulated and IFN-gamma-activated human monocytes.	Superoxides	50-52	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	79-88
7553049-5	1995	Moreover, the production of O2- and NO was effectively suppressed whether the IL-10 was added before or together with the stimulus, indicating that this cytokine acts primarily at an early stage of monocyte/macrophage activation by IFN-gamma and LPS.	Superoxides	28-30	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	232-241
7553049-6	1995	We also examined the effects of IL-4 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta on the production of O2- and NO by human monocytes and mouse macrophages, and found that they significantly inhibited both the production of O2- by human monocytes and the production of NO by mouse macrophages.	Superoxides	100-102	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	32-36
7553049-6	1995	We also examined the effects of IL-4 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta on the production of O2- and NO by human monocytes and mouse macrophages, and found that they significantly inhibited both the production of O2- by human monocytes and the production of NO by mouse macrophages.	Superoxides	100-102	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	41-78
7553049-6	1995	We also examined the effects of IL-4 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta on the production of O2- and NO by human monocytes and mouse macrophages, and found that they significantly inhibited both the production of O2- by human monocytes and the production of NO by mouse macrophages.	Superoxides	220-222	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	32-36
7553049-6	1995	We also examined the effects of IL-4 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta on the production of O2- and NO by human monocytes and mouse macrophages, and found that they significantly inhibited both the production of O2- by human monocytes and the production of NO by mouse macrophages.	Superoxides	220-222	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	41-78
7553049-7	1995	Moreover, a combination of any two of IL-10, IL-4 and TGF-beta caused an additive effect on the inhibition of O2- production by human monocytes.	Superoxides	110-112	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	45-49
7553049-7	1995	Moreover, a combination of any two of IL-10, IL-4 and TGF-beta caused an additive effect on the inhibition of O2- production by human monocytes.	Superoxides	110-112	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	54-62
7890694-1	1995	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex in phagocytic cells is constituted of a heterodimeric flavocytochrome b and cytosolic factors, p67phox, p47phox and p40phox as well as a small G protein Rac (for review, see Refs.	Superoxides	4-14	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	201-204
7550090-10	1995	These results suggest that iron ions in the glycated transferrin molecule are bound loosely to the protein and are redox-active and the glycated holotransferrin produces oxygen radicals including O2- and OH.	Superoxides	196-199	transferrin	Rattus norvegicus	53-64
7858263-5	1995	There was the significant difference in FMLP-induced O2- production in neutrophils of nonpregnant subjects when incubated with the sera from 10 cases (selected among 60 cases with nonoutlying points) (3.86 +/- 0.77 nmol/10(6) cells) compared with 5 cases with outlying points (5.62 +/- 1.19 nmol/10(6) cells) (P &lt; .05) These results suggest that during the normal course of pregnancy, the production of O2- from the function of circulating neutrophils can be dissociated from such neutrophil functions as adherence, chemotaxis, and phagocytosis.	Superoxides	53-55	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	40-44
7858263-5	1995	There was the significant difference in FMLP-induced O2- production in neutrophils of nonpregnant subjects when incubated with the sera from 10 cases (selected among 60 cases with nonoutlying points) (3.86 +/- 0.77 nmol/10(6) cells) compared with 5 cases with outlying points (5.62 +/- 1.19 nmol/10(6) cells) (P &lt; .05) These results suggest that during the normal course of pregnancy, the production of O2- from the function of circulating neutrophils can be dissociated from such neutrophil functions as adherence, chemotaxis, and phagocytosis.	Superoxides	406-408	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	40-44
7584671-1	1995	The influence of CSF therapy on the superoxide (O2-) releasing capacity in response to N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) of neutrophils from 32 patients with testicular cancer receiving high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) was assessed: 8 patients were treated as control group without CSF therapy, 12 patients received GM-CSF, and 12 patients received G-CSF.	Superoxides	36-46	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	128-132
7868907-2	1995	Stimulation of human neutrophils with the peptide FMLP activates this respiratory burst enzyme to produce superoxide and also has been shown to result in activation of phosphatidylinositol (Ptdlns) 3-kinase.	Superoxides	106-116	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	50-54
7868907-6	1995	These results suggest that the signal transduction pathway of the FMLP-receptor involves activation of Ptdlns 3-kinase, which is required for subsequent superoxide production induced by the chemotactic peptide.	Superoxides	153-163	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	66-79
7745500-5	1995	Taken together, these results strongly suggest that mesangial cell proliferation and increased production of immune/chemical mediators and superoxide anion can be directly induced by IL-1 plus IL-6.	Superoxides	139-155	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	193-197
7584671-1	1995	The influence of CSF therapy on the superoxide (O2-) releasing capacity in response to N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) of neutrophils from 32 patients with testicular cancer receiving high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) was assessed: 8 patients were treated as control group without CSF therapy, 12 patients received GM-CSF, and 12 patients received G-CSF.	Superoxides	48-50	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	128-132
7584671-7	1995	In vitro preincubation of neutrophils from the same patients with GM-CSF, G-CSF, or TNF showed that O2- production by neutrophils from patients receiving GM-CSF could not be further enhanced, whereas O2- production by neutrophils derived from patients receiving G-CSF could be further augmented by TNF but not by GM-CSF.	Superoxides	100-102	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	84-87
7836767-0	1995	Human urokinase-type plasminogen activator primes neutrophils for superoxide anion release.	Superoxides	66-82	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	6-42
7793260-0	1995	Interferon-alpha potentiates priming-dependent FMLP-induced neutrophil superoxide generation in a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia.	Superoxides	71-81	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	47-51
7836767-9	1995	Although uPA"s calcium signal is insufficient to trigger superoxide production, FMLP dose-dependent superoxide production was greatly enhanced by incubating neutrophils with intact, but not fragmented, uPA.	Superoxides	100-110	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	80-84
7836770-1	1995	The small-complement C5 activation fragment, C5a, is a potent phlogistic molecule that, on binding to the C5a Receptor (C5aR), mediates contraction of smooth muscle, enhances vascular permeability, and promotes leukocyte functions such as directed chemotaxis, degranulation, mediator release, and production of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	311-328	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	45-48
7836770-1	1995	The small-complement C5 activation fragment, C5a, is a potent phlogistic molecule that, on binding to the C5a Receptor (C5aR), mediates contraction of smooth muscle, enhances vascular permeability, and promotes leukocyte functions such as directed chemotaxis, degranulation, mediator release, and production of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	311-328	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	106-118
7836770-1	1995	The small-complement C5 activation fragment, C5a, is a potent phlogistic molecule that, on binding to the C5a Receptor (C5aR), mediates contraction of smooth muscle, enhances vascular permeability, and promotes leukocyte functions such as directed chemotaxis, degranulation, mediator release, and production of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	311-328	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	120-124
7744304-3	1995	Lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence and reduction of cytochrome c were exploited to register generation of the byproduct superoxide anion, whereas the quinone product was detected by a direct spectrophotometric measurement.	Superoxides	123-139	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	55-67
7873377-3	1995	A strong negative correlation was found between C18:2 (linoleic acid) (r = 0.703, P = 0.001) and C:16:0 (palmitic acid) (r = 0.569, P = 0.009) and fMLP-stimulated O2- release, whereas C20:4 (arachidonic acid) correlated positively (r = 0.448, P = 0.048).	Superoxides	163-165	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	147-151
7861762-7	1995	At a concentration of 1000 ng/ml, IL-6 increased neutrophil phagocytosis of opsonized bacteria (826 +/- 255 x 10(3) MESF vs 552 +/- 103 MESF, P &lt; 0.05) and also increased neutrophil superoxide anion generation (18.41 +/- 1.86 vs 12.6 nmol O2-/10(6) PMN/10 min, P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	185-201	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	34-38
7704183-1	1995	Scavenging of superoxide radical by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor captopril (CAP), a thiol compound, was studied by several investigators and the results were contradictory; while some reported a high superoxide scavenging activity of CAP others found that CAP removed superoxide inefficiently.	Superoxides	14-32	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	36-65
7704183-1	1995	Scavenging of superoxide radical by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor captopril (CAP), a thiol compound, was studied by several investigators and the results were contradictory; while some reported a high superoxide scavenging activity of CAP others found that CAP removed superoxide inefficiently.	Superoxides	14-32	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	67-70
7704183-1	1995	Scavenging of superoxide radical by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor captopril (CAP), a thiol compound, was studied by several investigators and the results were contradictory; while some reported a high superoxide scavenging activity of CAP others found that CAP removed superoxide inefficiently.	Superoxides	14-24	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	36-65
7704183-1	1995	Scavenging of superoxide radical by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor captopril (CAP), a thiol compound, was studied by several investigators and the results were contradictory; while some reported a high superoxide scavenging activity of CAP others found that CAP removed superoxide inefficiently.	Superoxides	14-24	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	67-70
7704183-1	1995	Scavenging of superoxide radical by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor captopril (CAP), a thiol compound, was studied by several investigators and the results were contradictory; while some reported a high superoxide scavenging activity of CAP others found that CAP removed superoxide inefficiently.	Superoxides	217-227	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	36-65
7704183-1	1995	Scavenging of superoxide radical by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor captopril (CAP), a thiol compound, was studied by several investigators and the results were contradictory; while some reported a high superoxide scavenging activity of CAP others found that CAP removed superoxide inefficiently.	Superoxides	217-227	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	67-70
7861762-7	1995	At a concentration of 1000 ng/ml, IL-6 increased neutrophil phagocytosis of opsonized bacteria (826 +/- 255 x 10(3) MESF vs 552 +/- 103 MESF, P &lt; 0.05) and also increased neutrophil superoxide anion generation (18.41 +/- 1.86 vs 12.6 nmol O2-/10(6) PMN/10 min, P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	242-244	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	34-38
7861762-10	1995	Combining IL-6 with TNF-alpha at doses of 100 ng/ml and 100 U/ml, respectively, neutrophil phagocytosis (221 +/- 455 MESF vs 552 +/- 103 MESF) and superoxide generation (23.18 +/- 1.86 vs 12.6 nmol O2-/10(6) PMN/10 min) were significantly (P &lt; 0.05) increased above control by an amount similar to that seen with 1000 U/ml TNF-alpha alone.	Superoxides	147-157	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	20-29
7861762-10	1995	Combining IL-6 with TNF-alpha at doses of 100 ng/ml and 100 U/ml, respectively, neutrophil phagocytosis (221 +/- 455 MESF vs 552 +/- 103 MESF) and superoxide generation (23.18 +/- 1.86 vs 12.6 nmol O2-/10(6) PMN/10 min) were significantly (P &lt; 0.05) increased above control by an amount similar to that seen with 1000 U/ml TNF-alpha alone.	Superoxides	198-200	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	10-14
7861762-10	1995	Combining IL-6 with TNF-alpha at doses of 100 ng/ml and 100 U/ml, respectively, neutrophil phagocytosis (221 +/- 455 MESF vs 552 +/- 103 MESF) and superoxide generation (23.18 +/- 1.86 vs 12.6 nmol O2-/10(6) PMN/10 min) were significantly (P &lt; 0.05) increased above control by an amount similar to that seen with 1000 U/ml TNF-alpha alone.	Superoxides	198-200	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	20-29
7779581-10	1995	A "designer" SOD able to bind to cell surfaces may aid in the prevention of superoxide-mediated endothelial damage.	Superoxides	76-86	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	13-16
7720781-2	1995	Treatment of neutrophils with calyculin A (25-75 nM) or okadaic acid (1-4 microM) had no stimulatory effect but potently enhanced total superoxide production induced by an optimal fMLP (N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine) concentration (0.1 microM).	Superoxides	136-146	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	180-184
8744732-3	1995	TNF-alpha production is found to be associated with the availability of H2O2 generated by activated monocytes, as superoxide enhancing H2O2 concentration increases and catalase degrading H2O2 decreases TNF-alpha production.	Superoxides	114-124	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-9
7735252-6	1995	(3) The superoxide-anion scavenging activity of the compound in terms of its IC50 value (50% inhibition concentration of superoxide anion radicals generated) was evaluated by ESR spin-trapping.	Superoxides	8-24	esterase 5 regulator	Mus musculus	175-178
7735252-6	1995	(3) The superoxide-anion scavenging activity of the compound in terms of its IC50 value (50% inhibition concentration of superoxide anion radicals generated) was evaluated by ESR spin-trapping.	Superoxides	121-146	esterase 5 regulator	Mus musculus	175-178
7735252-8	1995	(4) When hamamelitannin was treated with superoxide anions generated by a KO2-crown ether system, HPLC analysis showed the disappearance of hamamelitannin and the concomitant formation of hamamelitannin-derived radicals (g = 2.005, delta H1 = 2.16 G, delta H2 = 4.69 G) was detected by ESR spectrometry.	Superoxides	41-58	esterase 5 regulator	Mus musculus	286-289
7888254-3	1995	RESULTS: Heparin, at concentrations of 0.5-500 U/ml, caused a gradual inhibition of superoxide production stimulated by PMA, opsonised zymosan, or FMLP.	Superoxides	84-94	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	147-151
7888254-2	1995	METHODS: Neutrophil superoxide production stimulated by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), opsonised zymosan, or formyl methionyl leucyl phenylalanine (FMLP) was measured as the superoxide dismutase inhibitable reduction of acetyl ferricytochrome c by a microtitre plate technique.	Superoxides	20-30	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	150-154
8673628-3	1995	Both TNF-alpha and oncostatin enhanced the superoxide anion production by endothelial cells or monocytes.	Superoxides	43-59	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	5-14
9383399-0	1995	The roles of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide as messengers in the activation of transcription factor NF-kappa B.	Superoxides	35-45	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	102-112
9383399-6	1995	In contrast, stable overexpression of cytoplasmic Cu/Zn-dependent superoxide dismutase (SOD), which enhances the production of H2O2 from superoxide, potentiated NF-kappa B activation.	Superoxides	66-76	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	161-171
7538966-3	1995	Intra- and extracellular O2- production by PMNs isolated from these patients after 5 days of rhG-CSF therapy was assessed following both fMLP and PMA stimulation.	Superoxides	25-27	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	137-141
7814447-4	1995	The [Ca2+]i response to X-XO was essentially diminished by superoxide dismutase (SOD) (200 U/ml) and catalase (CAT) (200 U/ml), which scavenge the superoxide anion, O2-, or H2O2, respectively.	Superoxides	147-163	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	59-79
7814447-4	1995	The [Ca2+]i response to X-XO was essentially diminished by superoxide dismutase (SOD) (200 U/ml) and catalase (CAT) (200 U/ml), which scavenge the superoxide anion, O2-, or H2O2, respectively.	Superoxides	147-163	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	81-84
7814447-4	1995	The [Ca2+]i response to X-XO was essentially diminished by superoxide dismutase (SOD) (200 U/ml) and catalase (CAT) (200 U/ml), which scavenge the superoxide anion, O2-, or H2O2, respectively.	Superoxides	147-163	catalase	Homo sapiens	101-109
7814447-4	1995	The [Ca2+]i response to X-XO was essentially diminished by superoxide dismutase (SOD) (200 U/ml) and catalase (CAT) (200 U/ml), which scavenge the superoxide anion, O2-, or H2O2, respectively.	Superoxides	147-163	catalase	Homo sapiens	111-114
7814447-4	1995	The [Ca2+]i response to X-XO was essentially diminished by superoxide dismutase (SOD) (200 U/ml) and catalase (CAT) (200 U/ml), which scavenge the superoxide anion, O2-, or H2O2, respectively.	Superoxides	165-168	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	59-79
7814447-4	1995	The [Ca2+]i response to X-XO was essentially diminished by superoxide dismutase (SOD) (200 U/ml) and catalase (CAT) (200 U/ml), which scavenge the superoxide anion, O2-, or H2O2, respectively.	Superoxides	165-168	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	81-84
7814447-4	1995	The [Ca2+]i response to X-XO was essentially diminished by superoxide dismutase (SOD) (200 U/ml) and catalase (CAT) (200 U/ml), which scavenge the superoxide anion, O2-, or H2O2, respectively.	Superoxides	165-168	catalase	Homo sapiens	101-109
7814447-4	1995	The [Ca2+]i response to X-XO was essentially diminished by superoxide dismutase (SOD) (200 U/ml) and catalase (CAT) (200 U/ml), which scavenge the superoxide anion, O2-, or H2O2, respectively.	Superoxides	165-168	catalase	Homo sapiens	111-114
7829974-2	1995	U46619, at micromolar concentrations, inhibited fMLP-stimulated aggregation, beta-glucuronidase release, and superoxide production.	Superoxides	109-119	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
7617743-4	1995	Catalase protected the rats by counteracting the superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	49-59	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	0-8
7662350-1	1995	Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a metalloprotein that catalyzes the dismutation of the superoxide anion into O2- and H2O2, and therefore functions to maintain a low intracellular concentration of an otherwise toxic metabolite of oxygen.	Superoxides	92-108	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Cavia porcellus	29-32
7806044-6	1995	IL-4 down-regulates proinflammatory cytokine (IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha) and superoxide anion secretion in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	75-91	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	0-4
7751055-6	1995	We also found that IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha stimulated the release of bioactive TGF-beta and that treatment of microglial cell cultures with TGF-beta antagonized the priming effects of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha on O2- production.	Superoxides	211-213	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	19-28
7751055-6	1995	We also found that IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha stimulated the release of bioactive TGF-beta and that treatment of microglial cell cultures with TGF-beta antagonized the priming effects of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha on O2- production.	Superoxides	211-213	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	33-42
7751055-6	1995	We also found that IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha stimulated the release of bioactive TGF-beta and that treatment of microglial cell cultures with TGF-beta antagonized the priming effects of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha on O2- production.	Superoxides	211-213	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	184-193
7751055-6	1995	We also found that IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha stimulated the release of bioactive TGF-beta and that treatment of microglial cell cultures with TGF-beta antagonized the priming effects of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha on O2- production.	Superoxides	211-213	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	198-207
8835629-2	1995	We addressed this study by comparing the effects of lenograstim (glycosylated rHuG-CSF) and its deglycosylated counterpart on superoxide production by PMNs on fibronectin.	Superoxides	126-136	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	159-170
26486814-7	1995	Superoxide production from 1.25 x 10(5) cells was determined over 1 h measuring cytochrome C reduction.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	80-92
7568419-4	1995	Flecainide acetate also specifically inhibited the priming action of hTNF-alpha which enhance the formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP)-induced receptor-mediated superoxide (O.2-) generation of human peripheral polymorphonuclear neutrophils (hPMN).	Superoxides	168-178	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	69-79
8560094-3	1995	We measured its effect on the production of superoxide anion (O2-) by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) that was induced by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) or by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).	Superoxides	44-60	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	166-170
8560094-3	1995	We measured its effect on the production of superoxide anion (O2-) by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) that was induced by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) or by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).	Superoxides	62-64	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	166-170
8560094-4	1995	25 microM erythromycin inhibited fMLP-induced O2- production by about 50%, but not PMA-induced O2- production.	Superoxides	46-48	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
8560094-6	1995	The fMLP-induced O2- production was also inhibited by isoproterenol, a beta-adrenergic agonist, and by dibutyryl cyclic AMP, a cell membrane permeating analogue of cyclic AMP.	Superoxides	17-19	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	4-8
7811298-10	1994	Since respiring mitochondria generate superoxide radicals and H2O2, catalysis of lipid peroxidation and of the formation of drug-derived radicals by cytochrome c could be a mechanism contributing to mitochondrial damage by drugs.	Superoxides	38-48	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	149-161
7989763-6	1994	Exposure of cord and adult macrophages to IFN-gamma (10-500 U/ml) gave quantitatively different results in Candida killing, as well as in release of superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	149-165	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	42-51
7989763-6	1994	Exposure of cord and adult macrophages to IFN-gamma (10-500 U/ml) gave quantitatively different results in Candida killing, as well as in release of superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	167-169	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	42-51
7982999-2	1994	When the neutrophil NADPH oxidase is activated to generate superoxide, the cytosolic components, p47phox, p67phox, and the GTP-binding protein Rac, become stably associated with the plasma membrane.	Superoxides	59-69	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	143-146
7843804-7	1994	IL-6 inhibited superoxide production by chondrocytes both in IL-1 beta-stimulated or unstimulated conditions.	Superoxides	15-25	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	0-4
7843804-7	1994	IL-6 inhibited superoxide production by chondrocytes both in IL-1 beta-stimulated or unstimulated conditions.	Superoxides	15-25	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	61-70
7843804-9	1994	IL-6 inhibited superoxide production in chondrocytes and thus inhibited cartilage matrix degradation.	Superoxides	15-25	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	0-4
7996483-3	1994	PC-SOD efficiently scavenged superoxide anion (O2-) produced by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-stimulated human neutrophils (IC50 0.60 U/ml), and it exerted a dose-dependent scavenging effect (IC50 1.27 U/ml) even when the neutrophils were washed after incubation with PC-SOD.	Superoxides	29-45	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	3-6
7996483-3	1994	PC-SOD efficiently scavenged superoxide anion (O2-) produced by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-stimulated human neutrophils (IC50 0.60 U/ml), and it exerted a dose-dependent scavenging effect (IC50 1.27 U/ml) even when the neutrophils were washed after incubation with PC-SOD.	Superoxides	47-49	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	3-6
7996483-5	1994	PC-SOD also showed a strong protective effect against human vascular endothelial cell damage caused by O2- generated by stimulated neutrophils, and PC-SOD was approximately 100-fold more potent than unmodified SOD (in vitro IC50 100 U/ml for PC-SOD and &gt; 10,000 U/ml for unmodified SOD).	Superoxides	103-105	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	3-6
7861298-1	1994	Superoxide anion (O2-) production by peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) was measured by the cytochrome C method in 57 patients with recurrent tonsillitis.	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	158-170
7982496-0	1994	The functional expression of p47-phox and p67-phox may contribute to the generation of superoxide by an NADPH oxidase-like system in human fibroblasts.	Superoxides	87-97	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	42-45
7982496-8	1994	These data indicate that the expression of p47-phox and p67-phox by human fibroblasts may contribute to the cells" generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	129-139	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	56-59
7999109-0	1994	Iminodipeptides containing proline with C-terminal and N-terminal residues prime the stimulation of human neutrophil superoxide generation by fMLP.	Superoxides	117-127	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	142-146
7986196-10	1994	C5a was considerably less effective than fMLP in activating superoxide anion formation and azurophilic granule release, and LTB4 was ineffective.	Superoxides	60-76	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
7986196-10	1994	C5a was considerably less effective than fMLP in activating superoxide anion formation and azurophilic granule release, and LTB4 was ineffective.	Superoxides	60-76	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	41-45
7947751-1	1994	Rac, a small molecular weight GTPase in the Ras superfamily, participates in the activation of the multicomponent superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase of human neutrophils.	Superoxides	114-124	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
7961724-5	1994	Additionally, .OH was spin trapped following the addition of purified eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) to a cell-free O2-./H2O2 generating systems.	Superoxides	113-117	eosinophil peroxidase	Homo sapiens	70-91
7961724-5	1994	Additionally, .OH was spin trapped following the addition of purified eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) to a cell-free O2-./H2O2 generating systems.	Superoxides	113-117	eosinophil peroxidase	Homo sapiens	93-96
7961724-6	1994	Effects of superoxide dismutase, catalase, azide, aminotriazole, chloride-depleted buffer, and extensive metal chelation were consistent with .OH formation via the reaction of O2-.	Superoxides	176-178	catalase	Homo sapiens	33-41
7526387-5	1994	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) caused a marked, concentration-dependent increase in the production of free NO by mechanisms that were unrelated to the dismutation of superoxide anion or activation of NOS.	Superoxides	162-178	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
7888254-4	1995	Tissue plasminogen activator was more potent than heparin in inhibiting superoxide production induced by opsonised zymosan or FMLP, but it did not affect the activity stimulated by PMA.	Superoxides	72-82	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	126-130
7955533-4	1994	Superoxide production assayed by both cytochrome c reduction and oxidation of dihydrorhodamine 123, was induced by heterologous polyclonal anti-MPO and anti-LF antibodies, and ANCA-positive plasma samples.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	38-50
7979944-9	1994	Interleukin 6 (10 ng/mL) combined with a nonpriming concentration of PAF (0.1 ng/mL) primed PMNs for superoxide production over a range of incubation times.	Superoxides	101-111	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	0-13
8082230-8	1994	In the presence of DETAPAC, the addition of SOD inhibited NADH oxidation during cDoQH2 autoxidation 75%, suggesting that superoxide radicals are responsible for 75% of the oxygen-dependent autoxidation.	Superoxides	121-131	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	44-47
7955533-4	1994	Superoxide production assayed by both cytochrome c reduction and oxidation of dihydrorhodamine 123, was induced by heterologous polyclonal anti-MPO and anti-LF antibodies, and ANCA-positive plasma samples.	Superoxides	0-10	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	144-147
7525817-0	1994	Induction of superoxide anion production from monocytes an neutrophils by activated platelets through the P-selectin-sialyl Lewis X interaction.	Superoxides	13-29	fucosyltransferase 4	Homo sapiens	124-131
7835745-0	1994	Role of intracellular SOD in protecting human leukemic and cancer cells against superoxide and radiation.	Superoxides	80-90	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
7835745-4	1994	The purpose of this study was to examine the protective effect of intracellular SOD against cytotoxicity induced by O2.- or radiation and to investigate whether exogenous SOD can protect cells from O2.-(-) and radiation-induced cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	198-200	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	171-174
7525817-5	1994	For example, treatments of neutrophils with interleukin-8 (IL-8) or granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) potentiated the P-selectin-induced O2- production.	Superoxides	149-151	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	44-57
7525817-5	1994	For example, treatments of neutrophils with interleukin-8 (IL-8) or granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) potentiated the P-selectin-induced O2- production.	Superoxides	149-151	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	59-63
7525820-9	1994	By contrast, CD18 cross-linking by soluble antibodies did not induce superoxide production, but PMNs bound to immobilized monoclonal antibodies against CD18 released significant amounts of superoxide.	Superoxides	189-199	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	152-156
7958970-1	1994	In previous studies, we showed that interleukin-4 (IL-4) suppressed porcine (p) macrophage superoxide production and that the mechanism of suppression involved down-regulation of the superoxide-generating enzyme NADPH oxidase heavy-chain 91-kDa subunit mRNA (gp91-phox) expression.	Superoxides	91-101	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	36-49
7964173-3	1994	Leukotriene B4, platelet-activating factor, heat-aggregated immunoglobulin G (HAIgG), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and f-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) all triggered significant superoxide production but negligible H2O2 or HOCl generation when added to suspended PMNs.	Superoxides	178-188	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	131-144
7958970-1	1994	In previous studies, we showed that interleukin-4 (IL-4) suppressed porcine (p) macrophage superoxide production and that the mechanism of suppression involved down-regulation of the superoxide-generating enzyme NADPH oxidase heavy-chain 91-kDa subunit mRNA (gp91-phox) expression.	Superoxides	91-101	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	51-55
7958970-1	1994	In previous studies, we showed that interleukin-4 (IL-4) suppressed porcine (p) macrophage superoxide production and that the mechanism of suppression involved down-regulation of the superoxide-generating enzyme NADPH oxidase heavy-chain 91-kDa subunit mRNA (gp91-phox) expression.	Superoxides	183-193	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	36-49
7958970-1	1994	In previous studies, we showed that interleukin-4 (IL-4) suppressed porcine (p) macrophage superoxide production and that the mechanism of suppression involved down-regulation of the superoxide-generating enzyme NADPH oxidase heavy-chain 91-kDa subunit mRNA (gp91-phox) expression.	Superoxides	183-193	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	51-55
7921431-0	1994	Role of nitric oxide and superoxide anions in interleukin-1 beta-induced airway hyperresponsiveness to bradykinin.	Superoxides	25-42	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	46-64
7926100-3	1994	MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: We evaluated superoxide anion levels by monitoring the reduction of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	35-51	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	90-102
7522548-6	1994	Since HUVECs released superoxide anions in response to TNF, and H2O2 induces VCAM-1, PDTC may act as a radical scavenger.	Superoxides	22-39	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	55-58
7823303-3	1994	When stimulated with PMA or FMLP, control SPMN generated superoxide (O2-) at levels of 50.3 +/- 10.5 pmol/min/10(4) cells and 88.4 +/- 15.4 pmol, respectively, while SPMN from untreated patients generated significantly reduced O2- in the presence of PMA or FMLP (24.3 +/- 3.5 pmol and 59.5 +/- 9.8 pmol, respectively).	Superoxides	57-67	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
7823303-3	1994	When stimulated with PMA or FMLP, control SPMN generated superoxide (O2-) at levels of 50.3 +/- 10.5 pmol/min/10(4) cells and 88.4 +/- 15.4 pmol, respectively, while SPMN from untreated patients generated significantly reduced O2- in the presence of PMA or FMLP (24.3 +/- 3.5 pmol and 59.5 +/- 9.8 pmol, respectively).	Superoxides	69-71	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
7823303-3	1994	When stimulated with PMA or FMLP, control SPMN generated superoxide (O2-) at levels of 50.3 +/- 10.5 pmol/min/10(4) cells and 88.4 +/- 15.4 pmol, respectively, while SPMN from untreated patients generated significantly reduced O2- in the presence of PMA or FMLP (24.3 +/- 3.5 pmol and 59.5 +/- 9.8 pmol, respectively).	Superoxides	227-229	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
7757523-6	1994	Although total O2- generated by OPZ and anti-rat CD11b/c MAb was less than that generated by PMA stimulation, the in vivo LPS- and TNF-induced beta 2 integrin upregulation did not result in a statistically significant enhancement of O2- generation with respect to normal saline-treated PMN.	Superoxides	15-17	integrin subunit alpha M	Rattus norvegicus	49-54
7757523-6	1994	Although total O2- generated by OPZ and anti-rat CD11b/c MAb was less than that generated by PMA stimulation, the in vivo LPS- and TNF-induced beta 2 integrin upregulation did not result in a statistically significant enhancement of O2- generation with respect to normal saline-treated PMN.	Superoxides	15-17	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	131-134
7757523-6	1994	Although total O2- generated by OPZ and anti-rat CD11b/c MAb was less than that generated by PMA stimulation, the in vivo LPS- and TNF-induced beta 2 integrin upregulation did not result in a statistically significant enhancement of O2- generation with respect to normal saline-treated PMN.	Superoxides	233-235	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	131-134
8093036-1	1994	Cisplatin [cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum (II), DDP] generated superoxide anion (O2-), as measured by chemiluminescence from a Cypridina luciferin analog (CLA), by interaction with calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at pH 7.6.	Superoxides	61-77	DD%P	Bos taurus	46-49
8093036-1	1994	Cisplatin [cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum (II), DDP] generated superoxide anion (O2-), as measured by chemiluminescence from a Cypridina luciferin analog (CLA), by interaction with calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at pH 7.6.	Superoxides	79-81	DD%P	Bos taurus	46-49
8093036-3	1994	DDP-induced CCLA was completely inhibited by the addition of an O2- scavenger, superoxide dismutase (SOD), or an antioxidant, ascorbic acid.	Superoxides	64-66	DD%P	Bos taurus	0-3
8077189-15	1994	Since gene knockouts of MnSOD have not yet been generated, the tlub2 and Thp animals may become useful models for those studying the role of mitochondrial superoxide in pathophysiological processes.	Superoxides	155-165	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	24-29
7757523-0	1994	Increased surface expression of CD11b/c and CD18 appears to be dissociated from anti-CD11b/c monoclonal antibody stimulated O2- anion generation in in vivo Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide and tumor necrosis factor-alpha-treated rat neutrophils.	Superoxides	124-126	integrin subunit alpha M	Rattus norvegicus	85-90
7757523-1	1994	The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effect of anti-rat CD11b/c monoclonal antibody (MAb) on in vitro superoxide anion (O2-) generation in in vivo Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumor necrosis-alpha (TNF)-treated rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN).	Superoxides	120-136	integrin subunit alpha M	Rattus norvegicus	74-79
7757523-1	1994	The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effect of anti-rat CD11b/c monoclonal antibody (MAb) on in vitro superoxide anion (O2-) generation in in vivo Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumor necrosis-alpha (TNF)-treated rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN).	Superoxides	138-140	integrin subunit alpha M	Rattus norvegicus	74-79
7943250-3	1994	The simultaneous generation of .NO and superoxide by 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1, 0.1-2 mM) resulted in oxidation of dihydrorhodamine, a marker of peroxynitrite production, and a dose-dependent decrease in the ability of SP-A to enhance lipid aggregation.	Superoxides	39-49	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	78-83
7940568-10	1994	The combined results indicate that TCDD produces an oxidative stress in mice as measured by production of superoxide anion, and this effect is controlled in part by the Ah receptor complex.	Superoxides	106-122	aryl-hydrocarbon receptor	Mus musculus	169-180
7803254-1	1994	Generation of superoxide may be a key step in the cytotoxicity mediated by tumour necrosis factor (TNF); cells that cannot produce oxygen radicals might be resistant to TNF.	Superoxides	14-24	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	75-97
7803254-1	1994	Generation of superoxide may be a key step in the cytotoxicity mediated by tumour necrosis factor (TNF); cells that cannot produce oxygen radicals might be resistant to TNF.	Superoxides	14-24	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	99-102
7520975-4	1994	Not only CF formation, but also CF action is inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD), suggesting that superoxide is formed on the pathway to chromosome aberration.	Superoxides	58-68	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	80-83
7812613-14	1994	The exchange of 95% O2/5% CO2 gas for 95% N2/5% CO2 gas significantly inhibited the EFS-induced decrease in release of ir-ET-1.	Superoxides	20-22	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	122-126
8556501-5	1994	However, rhG-CSF was able to prime human PMNs and to enhance O2- release stimulated by FMLP in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	61-63	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	87-91
7521884-1	1994	Human umbilical vein endothelial cells have recently been shown to respond to C5a with increases in intracellular Ca2+, production of D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate and superoxide anion generation.	Superoxides	172-188	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	78-81
8058773-2	1994	Treatment with either Zileuton (a specific reversible competitive inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase) or MK886 (a specific irreversible inhibitor of the 5-lipoxygenase activator protein) prevented stimulated neutrophil adherence and chemotaxis (but not superoxide anion production) in vitro.	Superoxides	246-262	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	146-160
7965380-2	1994	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), which scavenges superoxide, is a type of zinc enzyme.	Superoxides	44-54	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
7965380-2	1994	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), which scavenges superoxide, is a type of zinc enzyme.	Superoxides	44-54	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
7945814-9	1994	In the presence of anti-TNF antibody, the amounts of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide release were moderately reduced but nitrite release was dramatically inhibited.	Superoxides	53-63	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	24-27
8057087-3	1994	The detection of the rate constant of the reaction of superoxide ion with nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) which is inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD) and its model compounds of the EGTB system has been performed by a modified illumination method.	Superoxides	54-64	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	124-144
8057087-3	1994	The detection of the rate constant of the reaction of superoxide ion with nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) which is inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD) and its model compounds of the EGTB system has been performed by a modified illumination method.	Superoxides	54-64	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	146-149
7981927-2	1994	It is known that in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), the phorbol ester-induced generation of superoxide anion (respiratory burst) is effectively inhibited by STAR in a dose-dependent manner, whereas superoxide generation induced by chemoattractants, e.g. n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) or PAF, is regulated biphasically by STAR.	Superoxides	103-119	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	306-310
7981927-2	1994	It is known that in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), the phorbol ester-induced generation of superoxide anion (respiratory burst) is effectively inhibited by STAR in a dose-dependent manner, whereas superoxide generation induced by chemoattractants, e.g. n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) or PAF, is regulated biphasically by STAR.	Superoxides	103-113	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	306-310
7981927-3	1994	We compared the effects of STAR and K252a on FMLP-induced superoxide production from PMNs and examined the effects of propranolol, a inhibitor of phosphatidic acid (PA) phosphohydrolase, on the potentiation of the production by STAR.	Superoxides	58-68	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	45-49
7981927-5	1994	When PMNs were stimulated with FMLP, STAR potentiated superoxide production by 240.5 +/- 30.9% at a low concentration (100 nmol/l).	Superoxides	54-64	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	31-35
7981927-8	1994	K252a inhibited PMA or FMLP-induced superoxide production dose-dependently and did not enhance FMLP-induced superoxide production.	Superoxides	36-46	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	23-27
7981927-9	1994	STAR derivatives showed potentiation of FMLP-induced superoxide production similar to that of STAR at concentrations ranging from 10-100 nmol/l, and propranolol (200 mumol/l) effectively inhibited it.	Superoxides	53-63	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	40-44
8040183-2	1994	Since recent data strongly suggested that generation of superoxide is a key step in cytotoxicity of TNF, we reasoned that cells expressing high levels of enzymes that degrade superoxide radicals would be resistant to TNF.	Superoxides	56-66	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	100-103
8040183-2	1994	Since recent data strongly suggested that generation of superoxide is a key step in cytotoxicity of TNF, we reasoned that cells expressing high levels of enzymes that degrade superoxide radicals would be resistant to TNF.	Superoxides	175-185	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	100-103
8040183-2	1994	Since recent data strongly suggested that generation of superoxide is a key step in cytotoxicity of TNF, we reasoned that cells expressing high levels of enzymes that degrade superoxide radicals would be resistant to TNF.	Superoxides	175-185	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	217-220
8040183-4	1994	The CuZn-SOD is a key enzyme in the metabolism of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	50-60	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	4-12
8040183-10	1994	These results suggest that the mechanism of TNF-mediated growth inhibition of hematopoietic cells occurs through production of superoxide.	Superoxides	127-137	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	44-47
7933497-3	1994	NO gas solution inhibited O2- generation induced by fMLP or PMA in a dose-dependent fashion, whereas L-arginine that in NO precursor increased O2- generation.	Superoxides	26-28	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	52-56
8047994-4	1994	Superoxide generation in response to N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (10(-6) mol/L) was measured by superoxide dismutase inhibitable reduction of cytochrome C and CD18 expression determined by flow cytometry.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	154-166
8047994-4	1994	Superoxide generation in response to N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (10(-6) mol/L) was measured by superoxide dismutase inhibitable reduction of cytochrome C and CD18 expression determined by flow cytometry.	Superoxides	0-10	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	171-175
8036496-2	1994	Upon stimulation of phagocytic cells, Rac enhances the activity of the enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (reduced) (NADPH) oxidase, resulting in the production of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	180-190	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	38-41
8031841-6	1994	Addition of the chelator DETAPAC or SOD to the incubation mixture during reduction of cyclized norepinephrine ortho-quinone by DT-diaphorase strongly inhibited NADPH oxidation and oxygen consumption, suggesting that manganese and superoxide radicals were involved in hydroquinone autoxidation.	Superoxides	230-240	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	25-39
8031841-6	1994	Addition of the chelator DETAPAC or SOD to the incubation mixture during reduction of cyclized norepinephrine ortho-quinone by DT-diaphorase strongly inhibited NADPH oxidation and oxygen consumption, suggesting that manganese and superoxide radicals were involved in hydroquinone autoxidation.	Superoxides	230-240	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	127-140
8031841-7	1994	Elimination of the effects of superoxide radicals, manganese and H2O2 on autoxidation of hydroquinone by addition of SOD, catalase and DETAPAC to the incubation mixture resulted in a 79% inhibition of NADH oxidation, suggesting that 21% of the autoxidation is oxygen-dependent.	Superoxides	30-40	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	117-120
8048544-4	1994	In the present study we examined effects of this molecule on 1) chemotaxis to other agonists, 2) FMLP-stimulated PMN superoxide production, 3) PMN calcium fluxes, and 4) binding of FMLP.	Superoxides	117-127	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	97-101
8048544-6	1994	This molecule also inhibits PMN superoxide release in response to FMLP.	Superoxides	32-42	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	66-70
7917583-6	1994	High concentrations of superoxide generated in vitro at a neutral pH degraded osteocalcin into numerous peptide fragments, demonstrating the ability of superoxide to break peptide bonds.	Superoxides	23-33	bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein	Homo sapiens	78-89
7917583-6	1994	High concentrations of superoxide generated in vitro at a neutral pH degraded osteocalcin into numerous peptide fragments, demonstrating the ability of superoxide to break peptide bonds.	Superoxides	152-162	bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein	Homo sapiens	78-89
7993785-10	1994	Thus intracellular H2O2 (as well as extracellular release of superoxide ions) is reduced in fMLP-stimulated PV PMN and monocytes but normal after PMA stimulation, a phenomenon that is not consistently found in other myeloproliferative disorders.	Superoxides	61-71	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	92-96
7818993-3	1994	AFC-ME, but not AFC, inhibited NaF- and PMA-stimulated superoxide release.	Superoxides	55-65	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	31-34
7911495-1	1994	The C1q receptor (C1qR) is expressed on a variety of cells, including polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), in which stimulation by the C1qR leads to activation as measured by superoxide production.	Superoxides	174-184	CD93 molecule	Homo sapiens	4-16
7911495-1	1994	The C1q receptor (C1qR) is expressed on a variety of cells, including polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), in which stimulation by the C1qR leads to activation as measured by superoxide production.	Superoxides	174-184	CD93 molecule	Homo sapiens	18-22
7911495-1	1994	The C1q receptor (C1qR) is expressed on a variety of cells, including polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), in which stimulation by the C1qR leads to activation as measured by superoxide production.	Superoxides	174-184	CD93 molecule	Homo sapiens	134-138
8014525-0	1994	Enhancement by tumor necrosis factor-alpha of Fc alpha receptor expression and IgA-mediated superoxide generation and killing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by polymorphonuclear leukocytes.	Superoxides	92-102	CD79a molecule	Homo sapiens	79-82
8014525-3	1994	Exposure of PMNL to TNF alpha increased surface expression of Fc alpha R 2- to 3-fold, increased superoxide production in response to aggregated IgA 5-fold, and increased phagocytosis of IgA aggregates 3- to 4-fold.	Superoxides	97-107	CD79a molecule	Homo sapiens	145-148
8207432-5	1994	The addition of superoxide dismutase with catalase or the addition of deferoxamine mesylate inhibited PC12h cell death, suggesting that active oxygen species derived from superoxide generated by the microglia or iron-oxygen complex formation were responsible for the cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	16-26	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	42-50
8037361-2	1994	The patient"s PMN produced more O2- than did those from healthy controls after stimulation with human C5a in vitro.	Superoxides	32-34	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	102-105
7513691-0	1994	Glutamate receptors induce a burst of superoxide via activation of nitric oxide synthase in arginine-depleted neurons.	Superoxides	38-48	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	67-88
7513691-2	1994	(1993) Nature 364, 535-537) that upon N-methyl-D-aspartate stimulation, a nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-independent, arachidonic acid-dependent generation of superoxide free radicals (O2-.)	Superoxides	182-184	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	74-95
8028050-6	1994	Superoxide production was measured by cytochrome c reduction, PMN-EC adhesion with indium-labelled PMN adherence to human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) monolayer cultures, and CD11B expression with fluorescent labelled anti-CD11B (60.1) antibodies.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	38-50
8006021-0	1994	Superoxide-dependent hydroxylation by myeloperoxidase.	Superoxides	0-10	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	38-53
8006021-12	1994	Thus, myeloperoxidase catalyzes superoxide-dependent hydroxylation.	Superoxides	32-42	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	6-21
8207006-1	1994	A series of farnesylcysteine analogs was studied with respect to their abilities to interfere with fMet-Leu-Phe (fMLP)-stimulated superoxide (O2-.)	Superoxides	130-140	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	113-117
8207217-2	1994	The tyrosine kinase inhibitors erbstatin and herbimycin A inhibited the chemotactic response to FMLP (2 x 10(-7) M) and the superoxide anion (O2-) production stimulated by FMLP (1 x 10(-6) M) in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) in similar manners.	Superoxides	124-140	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	172-176
8207217-2	1994	The tyrosine kinase inhibitors erbstatin and herbimycin A inhibited the chemotactic response to FMLP (2 x 10(-7) M) and the superoxide anion (O2-) production stimulated by FMLP (1 x 10(-6) M) in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) in similar manners.	Superoxides	142-144	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	172-176
8207217-4	1994	In the presence of propranolol (phosphatidic acid (PA) phosphohydrolase inhibitor), or ethanol, the activation of PLD results in the modulation of PA and/or diglyceride (DG) generation, producing an irregularity in O2- production.	Superoxides	215-217	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	114-117
8207217-6	1994	These results suggest that PLD is a downstream effector of FMLP-induced tyrosine kinase activation that leads to activation of the PMN superoxide release but not to chemotactic migration.	Superoxides	135-145	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	27-30
8207217-6	1994	These results suggest that PLD is a downstream effector of FMLP-induced tyrosine kinase activation that leads to activation of the PMN superoxide release but not to chemotactic migration.	Superoxides	135-145	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	59-63
8187280-2	1994	We examined the ability of Ang II to stimulate superoxide anion formation and investigated the identity of the oxidases responsible for its production.	Superoxides	47-63	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	27-33
8187280-5	1994	NADPH oxidase activity increased from 3.23 +/- 0.61 to 11.80 +/- 1.72 nmol O2-/min per milligram protein after 4 hours of Ang II, whereas NADH oxidase activity increased from 16.76 +/- 2.13 to 45.00 +/- 4.57 nmol O2-/min per milligram protein.	Superoxides	75-77	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	122-128
8187280-9	1994	These observations suggest that Ang II specifically activates enzyme systems that promote superoxide generation and raise the possibility that these pathways function as second messengers for long-term responses, such as hypertrophy or hyperplasia.	Superoxides	90-100	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	32-38
8070678-0	1994	A comparative study of EPR spin trapping and cytochrome c reduction techniques for the measurement of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	102-119	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	45-57
8070678-1	1994	Superoxide anions (O2.-) generated by the reaction of xanthine with xanthine oxidase were measured by the reduction of cytochrome c and by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy using the spin trap 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO).	Superoxides	0-17	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	119-131
8070678-7	1994	These studies demonstrate that spin trapping using DMPO was at least 20-fold more sensitive than the reduction of cytochrome c for the measurement of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	150-167	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	114-126
8070678-8	1994	However, at levels of superoxide generation where cytochrome c provides a linear measurement of production, EPR spin trapping may underestimate radical production, probably due to degradation of DMPO radical adducts.	Superoxides	22-32	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	50-62
8188387-1	1994	Tumor necrosis factor stimulates fibrinogen-adherent neutrophils to produce a dramatic oxidative burst; the resulting superoxide and other products may contribute to tissue damage in severe infection.	Superoxides	118-128	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-21
7514638-10	1994	Superoxide production induced by human rGM-CSF and PAF was also abolished by the treatment of cells with anti-CD18 mAb.	Superoxides	0-10	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	110-114
7514638-12	1994	These results indicate that CD11b/CD18 (Mac-1)-dependent cellular adhesion plays an important role in the degranulation and superoxide production of eosinophils induced by human rGM-CSF and PAF, and that these mechanisms may be employed in vivo where eosinophils contact with stromal cells and/or proteins.	Superoxides	124-134	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	34-38
8015293-1	1994	BACKGROUND: Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is a principal enzymatic scavenger of the superoxide anion in extracellular spaces.	Superoxides	98-114	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	12-46
8015293-1	1994	BACKGROUND: Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is a principal enzymatic scavenger of the superoxide anion in extracellular spaces.	Superoxides	98-114	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	48-54
8015293-3	1994	EC-SOD may also be important in regulating intercellular signalling by extracellular superoxide.	Superoxides	85-95	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	0-6
8185613-1	1994	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), which breaks down superoxide to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, is generally considered an antioxidant enzyme.	Superoxides	46-56	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
8185613-1	1994	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), which breaks down superoxide to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, is generally considered an antioxidant enzyme.	Superoxides	46-56	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
8185613-4	1994	Depending on the source of superoxide this reduction is accelerated by an unsaturated fatty acid or ferric iron and is inhibited by SOD.	Superoxides	27-37	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	132-135
8167344-5	1994	Superoxide generation in monocytes following PMA, OZ, and FMLP stimulation was significantly suppressed at 52% +/- 15%, 39% +/- 8%, and 51% +/- 11% of control, respectively.	Superoxides	0-10	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	58-62
7496971-2	1994	SP has been shown to stimulate human monocytes to produce inflammatory cytokines and superoxide ions, and it enhances tumoricidal activity in vitro.	Superoxides	85-95	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	0-2
8086769-6	1994	After priming with low C5a, prior to FLPEP, there was also a significant increase in superoxide production.	Superoxides	85-95	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	23-26
8050551-7	1994	In contrast, FMLP was a potent stimulus to both superoxide generation (EC50 48 nM) and ECP (EC50 ca 100 nM) and elastase release (EC50 ca 1 microM).	Superoxides	48-58	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
7519173-6	1994	On the other hand, each of rhG-CSF, rhGM-CSF or rhTNF-alpha increased subsequent FMLP (100 nM)-induced O2- generation (by 89%, 166% and 115%, respectively).	Superoxides	103-105	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	81-85
7519174-0	1994	Effect of substance P on superoxide anion and IL-8 production by human PMNL.	Superoxides	25-41	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	10-21
7519174-3	1994	Pretreatment of PMNL with SP resulted in an increase of superoxide anion (O2-) production in response to formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP), concanavalin A (Con A) and opsonized zymosan (STZ).	Superoxides	56-72	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	26-28
7519174-3	1994	Pretreatment of PMNL with SP resulted in an increase of superoxide anion (O2-) production in response to formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP), concanavalin A (Con A) and opsonized zymosan (STZ).	Superoxides	56-72	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	144-148
7519174-3	1994	Pretreatment of PMNL with SP resulted in an increase of superoxide anion (O2-) production in response to formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP), concanavalin A (Con A) and opsonized zymosan (STZ).	Superoxides	74-76	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	26-28
7519174-4	1994	In contrast, the O2- production induced by tumour necrosis factor (TNF) was strongly inhibited by pretreatment with SP.	Superoxides	17-19	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	43-65
7519174-4	1994	In contrast, the O2- production induced by tumour necrosis factor (TNF) was strongly inhibited by pretreatment with SP.	Superoxides	17-19	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	67-70
7519174-4	1994	In contrast, the O2- production induced by tumour necrosis factor (TNF) was strongly inhibited by pretreatment with SP.	Superoxides	17-19	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	116-118
7519174-5	1994	Both enhancement and inhibition of O2- response were exerted by SP in a dose-dependent manner and at concentrations which did not directly stimulate O2- production.	Superoxides	35-37	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	64-66
7519174-5	1994	Both enhancement and inhibition of O2- response were exerted by SP in a dose-dependent manner and at concentrations which did not directly stimulate O2- production.	Superoxides	149-151	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	64-66
7519174-7	1994	At concentrations that modulated O2- production by PMNL, SP also directly stimulated release of the chemotactic cytokine interleukin-8 (IL-8).	Superoxides	33-35	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	57-59
7519174-10	1994	The results of this study indicate that, in addition to the rapid and differential modulation of O2- production, SP also induces long-term changes such as IL-8 synthesis and release, and can thus amplify the process of PMNL recruitment to the inflammatory site.	Superoxides	97-99	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	113-115
8163590-8	1994	An alteration in oxidation stress, which resulted from reduced levels of superoxide radicals in the presence of the CuZn-SOD transgenes, may permit the prolonged expression of hsp70.	Superoxides	73-92	heat shock protein 1B	Mus musculus	176-181
8169407-2	1994	In the present study, the output of O2- was determined by measuring superoxide dismutase-inhibitable cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	36-38	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	101-113
8190099-1	1994	As recently reported, B-003 (6-S-hexadecyl-2-methoxythioascorbic acid) shows strong inhibition of the N-formylmethionylleucyl phenylalanine (fMLP)-stimulated neutrophil superoxide production and degranulation ex vivo, which is not correlated with its antioxidant properties.	Superoxides	169-179	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	141-145
8037361-5	1994	Incubation of PMN from normal controls having the same blood type as the patient at 37 degrees C for 2 h with the patient"s plasma at the active disease stage revealed that the cells generated abundant O2- after stimulation with C5a.	Superoxides	202-204	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	229-232
8005526-1	1994	In recent years we and others have shown that ascorbic acid (AH2) is a potential scavenger of superoxide (O2.-) and <compound-id="-">peroxyl (LOO.)	Superoxides	94-104	zinc finger RANBP2-type containing 3	Homo sapiens	61-64
8005526-1	1994	In recent years we and others have shown that ascorbic acid (AH2) is a potential scavenger of superoxide (O2.-) and <compound-id="-">peroxyl (LOO.)	Superoxides	106-110	zinc finger RANBP2-type containing 3	Homo sapiens	61-64
8005526-6	1994	In a model in vitro system, microsomal LPO initiated by O2.- is completely prevented by AH2 but not by alpha-tocopherol, GSH, uric acid, and catalase.	Superoxides	56-58	zinc finger RANBP2-type containing 3	Homo sapiens	88-91
8145014-3	1994	CI-959 also inhibited superoxide anion generation in response to C5a, fMLP, serum-opsonized zymosan (SOZ), concanavalin A (Con A), and calcium ionophore A23187 with IC50 values of 2.5, 4.7, 14.5, 5.4, and 14.8 microM, respectively.	Superoxides	22-38	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	65-68
8247257-1	1993	The present study was undertaken to examine whether and what type of interaction occurs between a synthetic glucocorticoid, dexamethasone (DEX) and an opioid peptide, met-enkephalin (MENK) upon superoxide anion (O2-) release from human polymorphonuclear cells (PMN).	Superoxides	194-210	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	167-181
8141770-3	1994	Activation of superoxide production by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate or formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine in whole cells, and by SDS in the cell-free assay, led to the dissociation of some of the p21rac2 from rhoGDI and its movement to the plasma membrane together with p47phox and p67phox.	Superoxides	14-24	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	201-208
8141790-1	1994	The effect of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) on superoxide generation in human neutrophils was investigated using the Nitro Blue Tetrazolium reduction assay.	Superoxides	58-68	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	44-53
8141790-2	1994	TNF alpha stimulated superoxide generation in a time- and concentration-dependent fashion.	Superoxides	21-31	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-9
8141790-3	1994	The maximally effective concentration of TNF alpha for superoxide generation was 10 nM and maximal response was obtained after 15-20 min.	Superoxides	55-65	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	41-50
8141790-10	1994	These results suggest that TNF alpha stimulates superoxide generation through both the 55 kDa and 75 kDa receptors, but that ceramide does not act as an intracellular mediator for TNF alpha in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	48-58	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	27-36
8147901-0	1994	Contrasting effects of two arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors on formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) and complement fragment 5a induced human neutrophil superoxide generation.	Superoxides	166-176	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	27-54
8147901-0	1994	Contrasting effects of two arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors on formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) and complement fragment 5a induced human neutrophil superoxide generation.	Superoxides	166-176	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	108-112
8147901-2	1994	SC-45662 inhibited superoxide generation induced by fMLP and C5a with IC50 values of 12 and 5 microM, respectively.	Superoxides	19-29	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	52-56
8147901-2	1994	SC-45662 inhibited superoxide generation induced by fMLP and C5a with IC50 values of 12 and 5 microM, respectively.	Superoxides	19-29	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	61-64
8147901-3	1994	Furthermore, SC-45662 was capable of inhibiting fMLP and C5a induced superoxide release in PMNs primed with bacterial lipopolysaccharide, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and other priming agents.	Superoxides	69-79	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
8147901-3	1994	Furthermore, SC-45662 was capable of inhibiting fMLP and C5a induced superoxide release in PMNs primed with bacterial lipopolysaccharide, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and other priming agents.	Superoxides	69-79	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	57-60
8147901-3	1994	Furthermore, SC-45662 was capable of inhibiting fMLP and C5a induced superoxide release in PMNs primed with bacterial lipopolysaccharide, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and other priming agents.	Superoxides	69-79	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	138-165
8147901-4	1994	SC-41661A, a compound from the same chemical series as SC-45662, did not inhibit or induce superoxide generation, but instead primed PMNs for fMLP and C5a induced superoxide generation.	Superoxides	163-173	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	151-154
8117710-1	1994	The phagocyte superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase, a multicomponent, membrane-bound electron transport chain, consists of cytochrome b558, p47-phox, p67-phox, and p21rac1 or p21rac2.	Superoxides	14-24	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	149-152
8117710-1	1994	The phagocyte superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase, a multicomponent, membrane-bound electron transport chain, consists of cytochrome b558, p47-phox, p67-phox, and p21rac1 or p21rac2.	Superoxides	14-24	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	174-181
8135860-4	1994	Man-SOD exhibited a superior inhibitory effect on superoxide anion release from inflammatory macrophages stimulated by phorbol-myristate acetate.	Superoxides	50-66	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	4-7
8135860-5	1994	The present study suggested the potential of Man-SOD as a therapeutic agent for the inflammatory disease mediated by superoxide anions generated by macrophages.	Superoxides	117-134	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	49-52
7915871-2	1994	Human neutrophils, plated on fibronectin (FN)-coated wells, were found to release large quantities of superoxide anion (O2-) in response to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha).	Superoxides	102-118	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	29-40
7915871-2	1994	Human neutrophils, plated on fibronectin (FN)-coated wells, were found to release large quantities of superoxide anion (O2-) in response to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha).	Superoxides	102-118	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	42-44
7915871-2	1994	Human neutrophils, plated on fibronectin (FN)-coated wells, were found to release large quantities of superoxide anion (O2-) in response to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha).	Superoxides	102-118	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	140-167
7915871-2	1994	Human neutrophils, plated on fibronectin (FN)-coated wells, were found to release large quantities of superoxide anion (O2-) in response to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha).	Superoxides	102-118	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	169-178
7915871-2	1994	Human neutrophils, plated on fibronectin (FN)-coated wells, were found to release large quantities of superoxide anion (O2-) in response to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha).	Superoxides	120-122	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	29-40
7915871-2	1994	Human neutrophils, plated on fibronectin (FN)-coated wells, were found to release large quantities of superoxide anion (O2-) in response to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha).	Superoxides	120-122	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	42-44
7915871-2	1994	Human neutrophils, plated on fibronectin (FN)-coated wells, were found to release large quantities of superoxide anion (O2-) in response to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha).	Superoxides	120-122	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	140-167
7915871-2	1994	Human neutrophils, plated on fibronectin (FN)-coated wells, were found to release large quantities of superoxide anion (O2-) in response to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha).	Superoxides	120-122	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	169-178
8079811-4	1994	Peritoneal administration of IL-1 beta caused elicitation of cells which were enriched in eosinophils; however, the functional responses of the cells in all three groups were broadly similar in terms of the ability of the agonists FMLP, PMA and A23187 to initiate superoxide generation, beta-glucuronidase secretion and leukotriene generation.	Superoxides	264-274	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	29-38
8125136-2	1994	We now show that murine macrophages activated with zymosan and interferon-gamma (ZYM/IFN-gamma) produced both superoxide (peaking 1-2 h after stimulation, then rapidly declining) and NO (barely detectable at 6 h, peaking by 24 h).	Superoxides	110-120	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	63-79
8125136-2	1994	We now show that murine macrophages activated with zymosan and interferon-gamma (ZYM/IFN-gamma) produced both superoxide (peaking 1-2 h after stimulation, then rapidly declining) and NO (barely detectable at 6 h, peaking by 24 h).	Superoxides	110-120	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	85-94
8125136-3	1994	Macrophages activated with ZYM alone produced only superoxide, while stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and IFN-gamma induced NO but not superoxide.	Superoxides	144-154	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	115-124
7509321-9	1994	POF alone significantly changed the affinity (KD) of the fMet-Leu-Phe receptor of PMN (from 25.2 +/- 4.5 nM to 15.2 +/- 2.4 nM [P &lt; 0.01; n = 4]) at 37 degrees C. The differences between the sites of action of MY4 and POF may lead to cooperation by these agents for inhibition of priming by LPS plus serum for enhanced O2- production.	Superoxides	322-324	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	57-78
8120414-9	1994	This study indicates that IL-8 is a potent activator of intracellular events presumably required for chemotaxis, but a relatively weak activator for events associated with superoxide anion generation and proinflammatory activity.	Superoxides	172-188	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	26-30
8133056-5	1994	Superoxide anion generation by neutrophils, measured in terms of lucigenin-amplified chemiluminescence and cytochrome c reduction, was not altered.	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	107-119
8133059-7	1994	Additional experiments suggested that tyrosine phosphorylation is involved in the regulation of the neutrophil respiratory burst because the tyrosine kinase inhibitor, herbimycin A, inhibited C5a-induced protein tyrosine phosphorylation and also prevented C5a- and FMLP-induced superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	278-294	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	192-195
8133059-7	1994	Additional experiments suggested that tyrosine phosphorylation is involved in the regulation of the neutrophil respiratory burst because the tyrosine kinase inhibitor, herbimycin A, inhibited C5a-induced protein tyrosine phosphorylation and also prevented C5a- and FMLP-induced superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	278-294	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	192-196
8196290-0	1994	Fc alpha R expression on polymorphonuclear leukocyte and superoxide generation in IgA nephropathy.	Superoxides	57-67	Fc alpha receptor	Homo sapiens	0-10
8196290-0	1994	Fc alpha R expression on polymorphonuclear leukocyte and superoxide generation in IgA nephropathy.	Superoxides	57-67	CD79a molecule	Homo sapiens	82-85
8196290-9	1994	IgA aggregates/immune complexes may contribute to the immunopathogenesis of IgAN through augmenting the Fc alpha receptor-mediated generation of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	145-161	CD79a molecule	Homo sapiens	0-3
8196290-9	1994	IgA aggregates/immune complexes may contribute to the immunopathogenesis of IgAN through augmenting the Fc alpha receptor-mediated generation of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	145-161	Fc alpha receptor	Homo sapiens	104-121
7735949-3	1994	In these studies, ET-1-stimulated monocyte supernatants were evaluated for their effect on neutrophil superoxide production.	Superoxides	102-112	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	18-22
7735949-4	1994	While ET-1 alone had no direct effect, incubation of neutrophils for 20 min in ET-1-stimulated monocyte supernatants resulted in a 10-fold increase in superoxide production over basal levels, 44% as much superoxide production as induced by peptide N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (N = 6, p &lt; .001).	Superoxides	151-161	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	79-83
7735949-4	1994	While ET-1 alone had no direct effect, incubation of neutrophils for 20 min in ET-1-stimulated monocyte supernatants resulted in a 10-fold increase in superoxide production over basal levels, 44% as much superoxide production as induced by peptide N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (N = 6, p &lt; .001).	Superoxides	204-214	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	79-83
7735949-8	1994	Therefore, ET-1-treated monocytes probably upregulate neutrophil superoxide production via a mechanism which includes IL-8.	Superoxides	65-75	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	11-15
7735949-8	1994	Therefore, ET-1-treated monocytes probably upregulate neutrophil superoxide production via a mechanism which includes IL-8.	Superoxides	65-75	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	118-122
8312264-0	1994	Spectral and kinetic studies on the formation of myeloperoxidase compounds I and II: roles of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide.	Superoxides	116-126	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	49-64
7509279-5	1994	Specifically, TNF-alpha"s priming of human neutrophils for superoxide production and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, platelet-activating factor synthesis and adhesion to endothelium were reduced by up to 170-fold.	Superoxides	59-69	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	14-23
8117331-3	1994	In the CLA-dependent chemiluminescence test of neutrophils stimulated by f-MLP, biotin significantly reduced the generation of free radical species, including O2-, in a concentration-dependent manner, the concentration corresponding to 50% inhibition (IC50) of biotin for free radical generation was 1.12 x 10(-7) mol.	Superoxides	159-162	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	73-78
8174315-2	1994	Exposure of adherent peripheral blood PMN to cytokines known to be present in RA joints (IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, GM-CSF) resulted in enhanced O2- production from both RA and controls.	Superoxides	140-142	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	89-98
8174315-2	1994	Exposure of adherent peripheral blood PMN to cytokines known to be present in RA joints (IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, GM-CSF) resulted in enhanced O2- production from both RA and controls.	Superoxides	140-142	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	100-109
7513523-3	1994	Interferon-gamma primes neutrophils and macrophages for both O2- and nitric oxide synthesis.	Superoxides	61-63	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-16
7516302-1	1994	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a nuclear encoded mitochondrial matrix enzyme that scavenges toxic superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	32-37
8012524-2	1994	When human granulocytes are stimulated with TPA, they release a large quantity of reactive oxygen species (superoxide, hydrogen peroxide) which might be expected to generate hydroxyl radicals (OH.)	Superoxides	107-117	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	44-47
8106571-6	1994	Incubation of neutrophils and macrophages on microtiter plates precoated with Fn suppressed superoxide (O2-) production induced by IgG- and IgA- opsonized group B streptococci.	Superoxides	92-102	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	78-80
8106571-6	1994	Incubation of neutrophils and macrophages on microtiter plates precoated with Fn suppressed superoxide (O2-) production induced by IgG- and IgA- opsonized group B streptococci.	Superoxides	104-106	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	78-80
8106571-7	1994	In contrast, Fn significantly enhanced IgA- and IgG-mediated O2- production by freshly isolated monocytes.	Superoxides	61-63	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	13-15
8106571-8	1994	These data suggest that Fn enhances phagocytosis, presumably through G protein-coupled cytoskeleton reorganization and augments O2- production by circulating monocytes.	Superoxides	128-130	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	24-26
8027589-2	1994	The PMA-dependent O2- production was inhibited by IFN-alpha 2b in a concentration- and time-dependent manner.	Superoxides	18-20	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	50-59
7902790-1	1993	Human neutrophils, added to fibronectin (FN)-coated polystyrene wells and exposed to tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), were found to exhibit a prolonged production of superoxide anion (O2-) after a lag period of approx 30 min.	Superoxides	175-191	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	28-39
7902790-1	1993	Human neutrophils, added to fibronectin (FN)-coated polystyrene wells and exposed to tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), were found to exhibit a prolonged production of superoxide anion (O2-) after a lag period of approx 30 min.	Superoxides	175-191	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	41-43
7902790-1	1993	Human neutrophils, added to fibronectin (FN)-coated polystyrene wells and exposed to tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), were found to exhibit a prolonged production of superoxide anion (O2-) after a lag period of approx 30 min.	Superoxides	175-191	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	115-124
8224914-1	1993	A rat genomic DNA (SOD1) encoding Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) (superoxide; superoxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.15.1.1) was cloned and sequenced.	Superoxides	40-50	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	19-23
8224914-1	1993	A rat genomic DNA (SOD1) encoding Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) (superoxide; superoxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.15.1.1) was cloned and sequenced.	Superoxides	40-50	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	62-66
8228256-5	1993	FPR-transfected HL60 cells retained their ability to undergo granulocytic differentiation with dibutyryl cAMP, as determined by FMLP- and PMA-stimulated superoxide production.	Superoxides	153-163	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
8250850-15	1993	Our data suggest that (i) lipopeptides activate the GTPase of Gi-proteins, (ii) lipopeptides and fMLP activate Gi-proteins differently, (iii) lipopeptides stimulate phospholipase D via Gi-proteins, and (iv) phosphatidic acid formation is not sufficient for activation of O2- formation.	Superoxides	271-273	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	97-101
8218263-5	1993	At 20% oxygen, cytochrome c is reduced almost exclusively by the superoxide anion, but the amount reduced on a single laser pulse is only one-fourth that reduced under anaerobic conditions.	Superoxides	65-81	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	15-27
8218263-6	1993	The second-order rate constants for the reduction of cytochrome c at pH 7.4 and 20 degrees C by NAD and the superoxide anion are 2.0 x 10(9) and 4.0 x 10(6) M-1 s-1, respectively.	Superoxides	108-124	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	53-65
8218364-2	1993	However, these cells did respond with enhanced release of O2- to the later addition of N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) or concanavalin A (Con A).	Superoxides	58-60	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	128-132
8226820-9	1993	The inhibitory activities of Mn(II) and the manganese desferal complexes in the cytochrome c assay appear to be due to a stoichiometric, not catalytic, reaction with superoxide as catalytic amounts of these agents do not induce a first-order decay of superoxide as shown by stopped-flow.	Superoxides	166-176	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	80-92
8226820-9	1993	The inhibitory activities of Mn(II) and the manganese desferal complexes in the cytochrome c assay appear to be due to a stoichiometric, not catalytic, reaction with superoxide as catalytic amounts of these agents do not induce a first-order decay of superoxide as shown by stopped-flow.	Superoxides	251-261	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	80-92
8278627-6	1993	As with phagocytic capacity, superoxide anion production was increased by VIP in non-stimulated macrophages (incubated without latex beads) and even more in stimulated cells (incubated in the presence of latex beads).	Superoxides	29-45	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Rattus norvegicus	74-77
8217193-1	1993	The effects of surfactant apoprotein A (SP-A) on the superoxide production of rat alveolar macrophages (AM) were studied.	Superoxides	53-63	surfactant protein A1	Rattus norvegicus	40-44
8217193-3	1993	When AM were incubated with SP-A only during the measurement of superoxide production, superoxide production was not influenced by SP-A.	Superoxides	64-74	surfactant protein A1	Rattus norvegicus	28-32
8217193-4	1993	However, when AM were preincubated with SP-A at a concentration of 1, 2, and 10 micrograms/ml, superoxide production by AM was significantly inhibited (P &lt; 0.05, P &lt; 0.01, P &lt; 0.01, respectively).	Superoxides	95-105	surfactant protein A1	Rattus norvegicus	40-44
8217193-5	1993	The superoxide production of AM stimulated by PMA was significantly inhibited by SP-A at a concentration of 1 microgram/ml (P &lt; 0.01), and superoxide production stimulated by zymosan was also inhibited by SP-A at a concentration of 10 micrograms/ml (P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	4-14	surfactant protein A1	Rattus norvegicus	81-85
8217193-5	1993	The superoxide production of AM stimulated by PMA was significantly inhibited by SP-A at a concentration of 1 microgram/ml (P &lt; 0.01), and superoxide production stimulated by zymosan was also inhibited by SP-A at a concentration of 10 micrograms/ml (P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	4-14	surfactant protein A1	Rattus norvegicus	208-212
8217193-5	1993	The superoxide production of AM stimulated by PMA was significantly inhibited by SP-A at a concentration of 1 microgram/ml (P &lt; 0.01), and superoxide production stimulated by zymosan was also inhibited by SP-A at a concentration of 10 micrograms/ml (P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	142-152	surfactant protein A1	Rattus norvegicus	208-212
8217193-6	1993	Suppression of superoxide production of unstimulated and PMA-stimulated AM was significantly inhibited by anti-SP-A antibody.	Superoxides	15-25	surfactant protein A1	Rattus norvegicus	111-115
8217193-8	1993	Our results suggest that superoxide production of AM can be inhibited by SP-A and that this inhibitory effect on AM is due to a specific effect of SP-A.	Superoxides	25-35	surfactant protein A1	Rattus norvegicus	73-77
8219237-1	1993	Stimulation of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) by phorbol esters or formyl peptides (fMLP) generates large quantities of superoxide anion, the so-called respiratory burst (RB), a phenomenon associated with intense phosphorylation of a 47-kD protein (p47 phox).	Superoxides	125-141	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	89-93
8224196-2	1993	Damage was induced following treatment with the nitric oxide donor SIN-1, which also releases superoxide, but was not reduced by exogenous superoxide dismutase, suggesting that nitric oxide itself, rather than superoxide or peroxynitrite may be the active species.	Superoxides	94-104	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	67-72
8270350-4	1993	METHODS: Superoxide generation was measured by cytochrome C reduction.	Superoxides	9-19	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	47-59
8409449-15	1993	PLA2 activation may play a role in regulating production and release of O2- by the human neutrophil.	Superoxides	72-74	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	0-4
8409451-4	1993	The cytokine IFN-gamma triggered activation of these macrophages and down-regulated cell surface expression of the mannose receptor after 48 h. Macrophage activation, as assessed by the generation of superoxide radicals, was inversely correlated with mannose receptor expression.	Superoxides	200-210	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	13-22
8305740-6	1993	The effect of p190 on superoxide (O2-) formation was reversed by the addition of a constitutively GTP-bound Rac2 mutant or Rac1-GTP gamma S but not by RhoA-GTP gamma S. Addition of p190 to an activated oxidase produced no inhibitory effect, suggesting either that p190 no longer has access to Rac in the assembled oxidase or that Rac-GTP is not required for activity once O2- generation has been initiated.	Superoxides	22-32	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	108-112
8305740-6	1993	The effect of p190 on superoxide (O2-) formation was reversed by the addition of a constitutively GTP-bound Rac2 mutant or Rac1-GTP gamma S but not by RhoA-GTP gamma S. Addition of p190 to an activated oxidase produced no inhibitory effect, suggesting either that p190 no longer has access to Rac in the assembled oxidase or that Rac-GTP is not required for activity once O2- generation has been initiated.	Superoxides	22-32	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	108-111
8305740-6	1993	The effect of p190 on superoxide (O2-) formation was reversed by the addition of a constitutively GTP-bound Rac2 mutant or Rac1-GTP gamma S but not by RhoA-GTP gamma S. Addition of p190 to an activated oxidase produced no inhibitory effect, suggesting either that p190 no longer has access to Rac in the assembled oxidase or that Rac-GTP is not required for activity once O2- generation has been initiated.	Superoxides	22-32	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	123-126
8305740-6	1993	The effect of p190 on superoxide (O2-) formation was reversed by the addition of a constitutively GTP-bound Rac2 mutant or Rac1-GTP gamma S but not by RhoA-GTP gamma S. Addition of p190 to an activated oxidase produced no inhibitory effect, suggesting either that p190 no longer has access to Rac in the assembled oxidase or that Rac-GTP is not required for activity once O2- generation has been initiated.	Superoxides	34-36	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	108-112
8305740-6	1993	The effect of p190 on superoxide (O2-) formation was reversed by the addition of a constitutively GTP-bound Rac2 mutant or Rac1-GTP gamma S but not by RhoA-GTP gamma S. Addition of p190 to an activated oxidase produced no inhibitory effect, suggesting either that p190 no longer has access to Rac in the assembled oxidase or that Rac-GTP is not required for activity once O2- generation has been initiated.	Superoxides	34-36	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	108-111
8305740-6	1993	The effect of p190 on superoxide (O2-) formation was reversed by the addition of a constitutively GTP-bound Rac2 mutant or Rac1-GTP gamma S but not by RhoA-GTP gamma S. Addition of p190 to an activated oxidase produced no inhibitory effect, suggesting either that p190 no longer has access to Rac in the assembled oxidase or that Rac-GTP is not required for activity once O2- generation has been initiated.	Superoxides	34-36	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	123-126
8290785-4	1993	The granulocytes showed a significant deficit in chemotaxis stimulated by serum activated with E. Coli, casein and formyl-methionyl-leucylphenylalanine (fMLP) (p &lt; 0.01) and in superoxide production stimulated by phorbol-myristate-acetate (PMA).	Superoxides	180-190	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	153-157
7507613-2	1993	SOD clears superoxide radical and is one of the body"s principal defense mechanisms against oxygen toxicity.	Superoxides	11-29	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
8375511-3	1993	Here we show that bilirubin (BR), the end-product of heme catabolism, when bound to bovine serum albumin (BSA), is oxidised by hydroxyl (.OH), hydroperoxyl (HO2.), and superoxide anion (<compound-id="-">O2-.)	Superoxides	168-184	albumin	Homo sapiens	91-104
8407934-6	1993	After activation of neutrophils with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate or formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, Rac was translocated from the cytosol to the plasma membrane, and this translocation corresponded temporally with the translocation of p47-phox and p67-phox and with the generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	295-305	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	111-114
8250232-1	1993	An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been developed using polyclonal antibodies raised against two cytosolic proteins of 47 kDa (p47) and 67 kDa (p67) which behave as activation factors for the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase of neutrophils at the onset of phagocytosis.	Superoxides	206-216	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	158-161
8280614-4	1993	Human SOD (rh-SOD), an enzyme which dismutates superoxide, has recently been cloned and expressed in yeast.	Superoxides	47-57	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	6-9
8280614-4	1993	Human SOD (rh-SOD), an enzyme which dismutates superoxide, has recently been cloned and expressed in yeast.	Superoxides	47-57	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	11-17
8299205-4	1993	Recent research indicates that the relationship between superoxide radical and the enzymes responsible for its removal (the superoxide dismutases, SOD) reflects a much more delicate balance than was first envisioned.	Superoxides	56-74	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	147-150
8225024-0	1993	Spin trapping of superoxide radicals following stimulation of neutrophils with fMLP is temperature dependent.	Superoxides	17-27	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	79-83
8225024-6	1993	In the presence of the actin polymerization inhibitor, cytochalasin B, superoxide generation was persistent, even when measurements were conducted at 37 degrees C. A possible explanation for these observations is that the fMLP receptor complexes quickly aggregate and are internalized at physiological temperature, but not at room temperature.	Superoxides	71-81	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	222-235
7903278-2	1993	Extending previous observations, we found that tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulated generation of superoxide anion by eosinophils plated on fibronectin-coated surfaces.	Superoxides	154-170	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	71-74
7903278-2	1993	Extending previous observations, we found that tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulated generation of superoxide anion by eosinophils plated on fibronectin-coated surfaces.	Superoxides	154-170	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	196-207
8262554-1	1993	Involvement of protein kinase C. The peptides neuropeptide Y (NPY) and peptide YY (PYY) at concentrations from 10(-12) M to 10(-8) M have been shown in this study to stimulate significantly, in vitro, several functions of resting peritoneal macrophages from BALB/c mice: adherence to substrate, chemotaxis, ingestion of inert particles (latex beads) and foreign cells (Candida albicans), and production of superoxide anion measured by nitroblue tetrazolium reduction.	Superoxides	406-422	peptide YY	Mus musculus	71-81
8262554-1	1993	Involvement of protein kinase C. The peptides neuropeptide Y (NPY) and peptide YY (PYY) at concentrations from 10(-12) M to 10(-8) M have been shown in this study to stimulate significantly, in vitro, several functions of resting peritoneal macrophages from BALB/c mice: adherence to substrate, chemotaxis, ingestion of inert particles (latex beads) and foreign cells (Candida albicans), and production of superoxide anion measured by nitroblue tetrazolium reduction.	Superoxides	406-422	peptide YY	Mus musculus	83-86
8262557-3	1993	We have identified peptides derived from the primary amino acid sequence of human TNF-alpha that have neutrophil-stimulating activity, as measured by enhanced chemiluminescence and superoxide production, and peptides which are both directly cytotoxic for tumour cells (WEHI-164) in vitro and also prevent TNF binding to tumour cells.	Superoxides	181-191	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	82-91
8262557-3	1993	We have identified peptides derived from the primary amino acid sequence of human TNF-alpha that have neutrophil-stimulating activity, as measured by enhanced chemiluminescence and superoxide production, and peptides which are both directly cytotoxic for tumour cells (WEHI-164) in vitro and also prevent TNF binding to tumour cells.	Superoxides	181-191	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	82-85
8408245-3	1993	Test cells incubated in the presence of MDF display dramatic inhibition of superoxide anion (O2-) release when stimulated.	Superoxides	75-91	gametogenetin binding protein 1	Mus musculus	40-43
8408245-3	1993	Test cells incubated in the presence of MDF display dramatic inhibition of superoxide anion (O2-) release when stimulated.	Superoxides	93-95	gametogenetin binding protein 1	Mus musculus	40-43
8260539-3	1993	On the other hand, TNF or radiation treatment can stimulate the expression of a mitochondrial superoxide scavenging enzyme, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), which can lower the cytotoxic effects of both agents.	Superoxides	94-104	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	19-22
8264727-4	1993	The rate of conversion is further increased in the presence of the catalase inhibitor 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (3-AT) and the extent of inhibition of the lysate catalase increases upon acidification, implying that H2O2 is thus produced by the spontaneous dismutation of superoxide radicals generated during methemoglobin formation.	Superoxides	268-278	catalase	Homo sapiens	67-75
8264727-4	1993	The rate of conversion is further increased in the presence of the catalase inhibitor 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (3-AT) and the extent of inhibition of the lysate catalase increases upon acidification, implying that H2O2 is thus produced by the spontaneous dismutation of superoxide radicals generated during methemoglobin formation.	Superoxides	268-278	catalase	Homo sapiens	159-167
8232185-1	1993	The localization of Cu/Zn and Mn superoxide dismutase (SOD), which catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide radicals (O2-) to O2 and H2O2, in various thyroid disorders was studied by an immunohistochemical technique in 20% formalin fixed paraffin embedded thin sections using anti-human Cu/Zn and Mn-SOD antibodies.	Superoxides	33-43	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	55-58
8232185-1	1993	The localization of Cu/Zn and Mn superoxide dismutase (SOD), which catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide radicals (O2-) to O2 and H2O2, in various thyroid disorders was studied by an immunohistochemical technique in 20% formalin fixed paraffin embedded thin sections using anti-human Cu/Zn and Mn-SOD antibodies.	Superoxides	117-119	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	55-58
8232185-1	1993	The localization of Cu/Zn and Mn superoxide dismutase (SOD), which catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide radicals (O2-) to O2 and H2O2, in various thyroid disorders was studied by an immunohistochemical technique in 20% formalin fixed paraffin embedded thin sections using anti-human Cu/Zn and Mn-SOD antibodies.	Superoxides	125-127	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	55-58
8307154-4	1994	Concurrently, the TNF-treated cells secreted superoxide anion with a higher rate.	Superoxides	45-61	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	18-21
8141608-4	1994	Superoxide generation stimulated by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) and fMLP-induced chemotaxis were found not to be influenced by photopheresis.	Superoxides	0-10	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	113-117
8141608-4	1994	Superoxide generation stimulated by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) and fMLP-induced chemotaxis were found not to be influenced by photopheresis.	Superoxides	0-10	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	123-127
7998826-6	1994	In contrast, SOD or elimination of hypoxanthine abolished superoxide formation.	Superoxides	58-68	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	13-16
8012290-7	1994	In addition, SOD almost completely blocked the NADPH cytochrome c reductase catalyzed superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	86-102	LOC106992390	Macaca mulatta	53-65
8280102-2	1994	In spite of total inhibition of superoxide production in the presence of the PLA2 inhibitors, 10 microM bromophenacyl bromide (BPB) or 20 microM quinacrine, a maximal phosphorylation of p47 and translocation of p47 and p67 to the neutrophil membranes induced by PMA or OZ was observed.	Superoxides	32-42	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	77-81
8025703-2	1994	The success of making transgenic animals overexpressing human CuZn-superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) in brain cells allows researchers to discern the specific role of superoxide radicals in reperfusion injury after focal ischemia.	Superoxides	165-184	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	62-87
8025703-2	1994	The success of making transgenic animals overexpressing human CuZn-superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) in brain cells allows researchers to discern the specific role of superoxide radicals in reperfusion injury after focal ischemia.	Superoxides	165-184	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	89-97
7516692-1	1994	Two new For-Met-Leu-Phe-OH (FMLP) methyl ester analogues, For-Thp-Leu-Ain-OMe [Thp1, Ain3] and For-Met-delta zLeu-Phe-OMe [delta zLeu2], able to activate selectively chemotaxis and superoxide anion (O2-) release, respectively modulate intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels in different ways.	Superoxides	181-197	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	8-26
7516692-1	1994	Two new For-Met-Leu-Phe-OH (FMLP) methyl ester analogues, For-Thp-Leu-Ain-OMe [Thp1, Ain3] and For-Met-delta zLeu-Phe-OMe [delta zLeu2], able to activate selectively chemotaxis and superoxide anion (O2-) release, respectively modulate intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels in different ways.	Superoxides	181-197	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
7516692-1	1994	Two new For-Met-Leu-Phe-OH (FMLP) methyl ester analogues, For-Thp-Leu-Ain-OMe [Thp1, Ain3] and For-Met-delta zLeu-Phe-OMe [delta zLeu2], able to activate selectively chemotaxis and superoxide anion (O2-) release, respectively modulate intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels in different ways.	Superoxides	199-201	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	8-26
7516692-1	1994	Two new For-Met-Leu-Phe-OH (FMLP) methyl ester analogues, For-Thp-Leu-Ain-OMe [Thp1, Ain3] and For-Met-delta zLeu-Phe-OMe [delta zLeu2], able to activate selectively chemotaxis and superoxide anion (O2-) release, respectively modulate intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels in different ways.	Superoxides	199-201	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
7774287-5	1994	Finally, formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylanaline (FMLP)-triggered O2- release was reduced in all elderly groups, while depression of O2- production was seen in subjects between the age of 86 and 104 years using phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) as agonist.	Superoxides	64-66	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	9-46
8281849-6	1994	At the cellular level, 5-aminosalicylic acid inhibited phorbol myristate acetate (100 ng/ml)-activated superoxide generation to 82.3 +/- 9.3%, the formylmethionyl leucyl peptide (10(-5) M) to 61.0 +/- 6.8%, and the NaF (20 mM)-stimulated production to 32.3 +/- 3.2% (mean +/- SD, P &lt; 0.01).	Superoxides	103-113	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	215-218
8049357-1	1994	Human neutrophils (5 x 10(4) incubated on fibronectin precoated wells released 2.83 +/- .25 nmoles of superoxide (0(2)-) (x +/- 1 SEM, n = 15) in response to 5.9 nM (100 ng/ml) Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF).	Superoxides	102-112	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	42-53
8049357-1	1994	Human neutrophils (5 x 10(4) incubated on fibronectin precoated wells released 2.83 +/- .25 nmoles of superoxide (0(2)-) (x +/- 1 SEM, n = 15) in response to 5.9 nM (100 ng/ml) Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF).	Superoxides	102-112	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	177-204
8049357-1	1994	Human neutrophils (5 x 10(4) incubated on fibronectin precoated wells released 2.83 +/- .25 nmoles of superoxide (0(2)-) (x +/- 1 SEM, n = 15) in response to 5.9 nM (100 ng/ml) Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF).	Superoxides	102-112	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	206-209
8276180-6	1994	The possible role of intravascular O2- as a mediator of heat shock response was evaluated by its specific inhibition by the intravenous infusion of recombinant human superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	35-37	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	166-186
8276180-6	1994	The possible role of intravascular O2- as a mediator of heat shock response was evaluated by its specific inhibition by the intravenous infusion of recombinant human superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	35-37	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	188-191
8107531-0	1994	Corticotropin-releasing hormone enhances the superoxide anion production of rabbit peritoneal macrophages stimulated with N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine.	Superoxides	45-61	corticoliberin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	0-31
8107531-1	1994	Effects of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) on the superoxide anion (O2-) production in macrophages (M phi s) were investigated.	Superoxides	56-72	corticoliberin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	44-47
8107531-3	1994	However, M phi s preincubated with CRH showed significant enhancement of O2- production following stimulation with a chemotactic peptide, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP), at CRH concentrations from 10(-10) to 10(-7) M. Maximal enhancement of O2- production was obtained with 10 min preincubation with CRH for FMLP stimulation.	Superoxides	73-75	corticoliberin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	35-38
8107531-3	1994	However, M phi s preincubated with CRH showed significant enhancement of O2- production following stimulation with a chemotactic peptide, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP), at CRH concentrations from 10(-10) to 10(-7) M. Maximal enhancement of O2- production was obtained with 10 min preincubation with CRH for FMLP stimulation.	Superoxides	257-259	corticoliberin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	35-38
7934152-5	1994	DMTU, SOD, and catalase were employed for the scavenging of hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion, and hydrogen peroxide, respectively.	Superoxides	78-94	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Cavia porcellus	6-9
18472936-3	1994	Significantly reduced superoxide production was found in PMNs from patients with Crohn"s disease as compared to normal controls, when fMLP or CSa were used as stimulants (p &lt; 0.001 and p &lt; 0.01, respectively), whereas no differences were found when ulcerative colitis patients were compared to normal controls (p &gt; 0.05).	Superoxides	22-32	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	134-138
8279538-6	1993	Increased Cu-Zn-SOD and decreased Mn-SOD in atrophy might reflect increased generation of superoxide anions in the cytoplasm rather than in the mitochondria.	Superoxides	90-107	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	10-19
7902790-1	1993	Human neutrophils, added to fibronectin (FN)-coated polystyrene wells and exposed to tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), were found to exhibit a prolonged production of superoxide anion (O2-) after a lag period of approx 30 min.	Superoxides	193-196	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	28-39
7902790-1	1993	Human neutrophils, added to fibronectin (FN)-coated polystyrene wells and exposed to tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), were found to exhibit a prolonged production of superoxide anion (O2-) after a lag period of approx 30 min.	Superoxides	193-196	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	41-43
7902790-1	1993	Human neutrophils, added to fibronectin (FN)-coated polystyrene wells and exposed to tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), were found to exhibit a prolonged production of superoxide anion (O2-) after a lag period of approx 30 min.	Superoxides	193-196	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	115-124
7902790-3	1993	When neutrophils were induced to adhere to FN by incubation for 30 min on FN-coated surfaces and then washed to remove non-adherent cells, FN-anchored cells exhibited a rapid onset of O2- production in response to TNF-alpha.	Superoxides	184-186	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	43-45
7902790-3	1993	When neutrophils were induced to adhere to FN by incubation for 30 min on FN-coated surfaces and then washed to remove non-adherent cells, FN-anchored cells exhibited a rapid onset of O2- production in response to TNF-alpha.	Superoxides	184-186	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	74-76
7902790-3	1993	When neutrophils were induced to adhere to FN by incubation for 30 min on FN-coated surfaces and then washed to remove non-adherent cells, FN-anchored cells exhibited a rapid onset of O2- production in response to TNF-alpha.	Superoxides	184-186	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	74-76
7902790-3	1993	When neutrophils were induced to adhere to FN by incubation for 30 min on FN-coated surfaces and then washed to remove non-adherent cells, FN-anchored cells exhibited a rapid onset of O2- production in response to TNF-alpha.	Superoxides	184-186	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	214-223
8136611-2	1993	To further elucidate the mechanisms modulating the oxidative metabolism, we assessed superoxide production induced by N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) and phorbol myristate acetate and the expression of FMLP receptors of human neutrophils on several days during sepsis and after trauma.	Superoxides	85-95	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	158-162
8136611-8	1993	In accordance with the up-regulation of FMLP receptors, neutrophils obtained from patients with sepsis or after trauma on days 1-4 and days 1-2, respectively, produced significantly more superoxide anion upon stimulation with FMLP.	Superoxides	187-203	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	40-44
8136611-8	1993	In accordance with the up-regulation of FMLP receptors, neutrophils obtained from patients with sepsis or after trauma on days 1-4 and days 1-2, respectively, produced significantly more superoxide anion upon stimulation with FMLP.	Superoxides	187-203	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	226-230
8148304-6	1993	Any defect in these components except the cytosolic 21-kDa protein (a small GTP binding protein, Rac) causes chronic granulomatous disease, an inherited disorder where leukocytes can not generate superoxide anion.	Superoxides	196-212	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	97-100
8225581-3	1993	This cleavage also generates new iron chelates which, in contrast to iron bound to transferrin, are able to catalyze formation of the highly cytotoxic hydroxyl radical from neutrophil-derived superoxide and hydrogen peroxide via the Haber-Weiss reaction.	Superoxides	192-202	transferrin	Homo sapiens	83-94
8245346-0	1993	Increased levels of serum neopterin and decreased production of neutrophil superoxide anions in chronic heart failure with elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha.	Superoxides	75-92	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	142-169
8123758-10	1993	This notion was also supported by our findings that a superoxide generating agent, paraquat, induced IL-8 production in human PBMC and that NAC blocked this paraquat-induced IL-8 production.	Superoxides	54-64	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	101-105
8123758-10	1993	This notion was also supported by our findings that a superoxide generating agent, paraquat, induced IL-8 production in human PBMC and that NAC blocked this paraquat-induced IL-8 production.	Superoxides	54-64	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	174-178
8007817-3	1993	The activation by IFN gamma and/or infection with MHV3 showed that BALB/c mouse macrophages were capable of releasing tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), interleukin 1 (IL-1) and anion superoxide (O2-), and A/J mouse macrophages were capable of releasing TNF alpha and IL-1 but not O2-.	Superoxides	190-200	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	18-27
8007817-3	1993	The activation by IFN gamma and/or infection with MHV3 showed that BALB/c mouse macrophages were capable of releasing tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), interleukin 1 (IL-1) and anion superoxide (O2-), and A/J mouse macrophages were capable of releasing TNF alpha and IL-1 but not O2-.	Superoxides	202-204	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	18-27
8007817-3	1993	The activation by IFN gamma and/or infection with MHV3 showed that BALB/c mouse macrophages were capable of releasing tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), interleukin 1 (IL-1) and anion superoxide (O2-), and A/J mouse macrophages were capable of releasing TNF alpha and IL-1 but not O2-.	Superoxides	287-289	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	18-27
7504486-4	1993	The protective effects of catalase and superoxide dismutase indicate that superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide being formed during autooxidation of the complex are involved in cell damage.	Superoxides	74-92	catalase	Mus musculus	26-34
8379940-9	1993	The findings suggest that the protection level against superoxide radicals provided by EC-SOD in the tissue interstitial space, given the small distribution volume, is not much less prominent than that bestowed on the intracellular space by CuZn-SOD and Mn-SOD.	Superoxides	55-65	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	87-93
8214120-7	1993	The observation that both SOD and SIN 1 inhibit leukocyte adhesion only under conditions associated with superoxide formation (HX-XO and PAF, but not LTB4) strongly suggests that the antiadhesion properties of NO are related to its ability to inactivate the superoxide anion.	Superoxides	105-115	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	26-29
8214120-7	1993	The observation that both SOD and SIN 1 inhibit leukocyte adhesion only under conditions associated with superoxide formation (HX-XO and PAF, but not LTB4) strongly suggests that the antiadhesion properties of NO are related to its ability to inactivate the superoxide anion.	Superoxides	105-115	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	34-39
8214120-7	1993	The observation that both SOD and SIN 1 inhibit leukocyte adhesion only under conditions associated with superoxide formation (HX-XO and PAF, but not LTB4) strongly suggests that the antiadhesion properties of NO are related to its ability to inactivate the superoxide anion.	Superoxides	258-274	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	26-29
8134165-5	1993	The cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) has been shown to enhance O2- production in MDM.	Superoxides	68-70	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	13-29
8134165-5	1993	The cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) has been shown to enhance O2- production in MDM.	Superoxides	68-70	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	31-40
8134165-6	1993	When GSD 1b MDM were cultured in the presence of IFN-gamma (1 x 10(5) U/L), O2- production in response to fMet-Leu-Phe, concanavalin A, and PMA was enhanced to rates similar to those of control MDM cultured in the presence of IFN-gamma.	Superoxides	76-78	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	49-58
8134165-6	1993	When GSD 1b MDM were cultured in the presence of IFN-gamma (1 x 10(5) U/L), O2- production in response to fMet-Leu-Phe, concanavalin A, and PMA was enhanced to rates similar to those of control MDM cultured in the presence of IFN-gamma.	Superoxides	76-78	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	226-235
8247257-1	1993	The present study was undertaken to examine whether and what type of interaction occurs between a synthetic glucocorticoid, dexamethasone (DEX) and an opioid peptide, met-enkephalin (MENK) upon superoxide anion (O2-) release from human polymorphonuclear cells (PMN).	Superoxides	194-210	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	183-187
8247257-1	1993	The present study was undertaken to examine whether and what type of interaction occurs between a synthetic glucocorticoid, dexamethasone (DEX) and an opioid peptide, met-enkephalin (MENK) upon superoxide anion (O2-) release from human polymorphonuclear cells (PMN).	Superoxides	212-214	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	167-181
8247257-1	1993	The present study was undertaken to examine whether and what type of interaction occurs between a synthetic glucocorticoid, dexamethasone (DEX) and an opioid peptide, met-enkephalin (MENK) upon superoxide anion (O2-) release from human polymorphonuclear cells (PMN).	Superoxides	212-214	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	183-187
8247257-2	1993	MENK (10(-8) M) abolished suppressed O2- release from PMNs treated with 10(-7) M DEX.	Superoxides	37-39	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	0-4
8345199-4	1993	TGF-beta dose-dependently suppressed the acid phosphatase activity of and formation of superoxide anion by LPS activated microglia.	Superoxides	87-103	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	0-8
8394249-2	1993	We demonstrate that native copper bound to horse spleen ferritin and apoferritin, stimulated the decay of O2.- in a catalytic reaction.	Superoxides	106-108	ferritin heavy chain	Equus caballus	69-80
8406585-0	1993	Interleukin-8 primes human neutrophils for enhanced superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	52-68	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	0-13
8406585-2	1993	In this study, we investigated the effect of recombinant human (rh) IL-8 on superoxide (O2-) production by neutrophils.	Superoxides	76-86	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	68-72
8406585-2	1993	In this study, we investigated the effect of recombinant human (rh) IL-8 on superoxide (O2-) production by neutrophils.	Superoxides	88-90	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	68-72
8406585-5	1993	Recombinant human IL-8 increased both the maximal rate and the total O2- production, but did not prolong the response to FMLP.	Superoxides	69-71	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	18-22
7691787-7	1993	Significant augmenting effects of G-CSF on superoxide (O2-) production by TNF-stimulated neutrophils were observed.	Superoxides	43-53	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	74-77
7691787-7	1993	Significant augmenting effects of G-CSF on superoxide (O2-) production by TNF-stimulated neutrophils were observed.	Superoxides	55-57	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	74-77
8099261-0	1993	Increased number of alveolar macrophages expressing surface molecules of the CD11/CD18 family in sarcoidosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is related to the production of superoxide anions by these cells.	Superoxides	175-192	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	82-86
8268644-6	1993	We examined the impact of the increased sTNFR levels on the ability of TNF alpha to prime neutrophil superoxide production in cross-incubation experiments.	Superoxides	101-111	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	71-80
8268644-7	1993	When normal neutrophils were incubated with TNF alpha in the presence of hemodialysis patient plasma, the resulting increase in fMLP stimulated superoxide production was significantly less than when normal plasma was used.	Superoxides	144-154	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	44-53
8268644-7	1993	When normal neutrophils were incubated with TNF alpha in the presence of hemodialysis patient plasma, the resulting increase in fMLP stimulated superoxide production was significantly less than when normal plasma was used.	Superoxides	144-154	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	128-132
8407359-2	1993	Information regarding the presence of the oxyradical scavenging enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the formation of the radical oxygen intermediate superoxide (SO) during the early stages of flight muscle histolysis in this insect was investigated.	Superoxides	71-81	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	93-96
8101555-1	1993	Human neutrophils were activated by the bacterial chemotactic peptide N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) to produce superoxide (O2-) and to release the primary granule enzyme beta-glucuronidase and the predominantly secondary granule enzyme lysozyme.	Superoxides	127-137	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	110-114
8101555-1	1993	Human neutrophils were activated by the bacterial chemotactic peptide N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) to produce superoxide (O2-) and to release the primary granule enzyme beta-glucuronidase and the predominantly secondary granule enzyme lysozyme.	Superoxides	139-142	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	110-114
8391848-6	1993	Both avidin- and PMA-induced superoxide generation were independent of the extracellular calcium, while FMLP-induced superoxide generation was dependent on the presence of calcium in solution.	Superoxides	117-127	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	104-108
8099261-7	1993	Incubation of the AM with the MoAb anti-CD18 reduced the spontaneous O2- release from SA AM by 52 +/- 8% and from IPF AM by 49 +/- 3% but did not influence O2- release from NS AM (92 +/- 4%).	Superoxides	69-71	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	40-44
8395934-6	1993	Even though the superoxide radical (O2-)-producing ability of the MPO-NADH system was about 29% of that of the hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase system, under the experimental conditions employed, the rate of tyrosine formation from phenylalanine by two systems was found to be a similar.	Superoxides	16-34	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	66-69
8395934-8	1993	may occur in the MPO-NADH system under aerobic conditions and a superoxide radical may be involved in the OH.	Superoxides	64-82	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	17-20
8391938-2	1993	Treatment of neutrophils with medium-high doses (from 10(-8) to 5 x 10(-7) M) of fMLP caused activation of superoxide anion (O2-) production, but prevented further activation by a subsequent addition of an optimal dose (from 10(-7) M to 5 x 10(-7) M) of fMLP.	Superoxides	107-123	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	81-85
8391938-2	1993	Treatment of neutrophils with medium-high doses (from 10(-8) to 5 x 10(-7) M) of fMLP caused activation of superoxide anion (O2-) production, but prevented further activation by a subsequent addition of an optimal dose (from 10(-7) M to 5 x 10(-7) M) of fMLP.	Superoxides	125-127	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	81-85
8391938-4	1993	However, neutrophils treated with low, sub-stimulatory doses (from 10(-10) to 5 x 10(-9) M) of the peptide and then treated with optimal doses of fMLP exhibited an O2- production that was two to three-fold higher than that induced by the same optimal doses on untreated cells.	Superoxides	164-166	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	146-150
8394173-0	1993	Synergistic effect of interferon-gamma and phorbol myristate acetate on superoxide production by human monocytes.	Superoxides	72-82	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	22-38
8394173-1	1993	This study demonstrates a synergistic effect of IFN gamma and PMA on superoxide generation by human monocytes.	Superoxides	69-79	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	48-57
8394173-2	1993	A strict correlation was observed between the induction of superoxide production and PK-C activation by PMA alone.	Superoxides	59-69	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	85-89
8394173-4	1993	However, exposure of the cells to IFN gamma for 10 to 15 hr prior to PMA treatment enhanced both superoxide production and PK-C activation.	Superoxides	97-107	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	34-43
8394173-6	1993	These kinases appeared to be involved in the effect of IFN gamma on superoxide production, as well as in its potentiation of PMA activity.	Superoxides	68-78	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	55-64
8325540-6	1993	Homocysteine thiolactone is oxidized to sulfate by a process involving ascorbate, thioretinamide, and superoxide, under the control of thyroxine and growth hormone.	Superoxides	102-112	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	149-163
8392494-2	1993	This enhanced superoxide anion generation could be secondary to increased activity of the respiratory burst NADPH oxidase or diminished metabolism of superoxide via superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	14-30	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	165-185
8392494-2	1993	This enhanced superoxide anion generation could be secondary to increased activity of the respiratory burst NADPH oxidase or diminished metabolism of superoxide via superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	14-30	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	187-190
8392494-2	1993	This enhanced superoxide anion generation could be secondary to increased activity of the respiratory burst NADPH oxidase or diminished metabolism of superoxide via superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	165-185
8392494-2	1993	This enhanced superoxide anion generation could be secondary to increased activity of the respiratory burst NADPH oxidase or diminished metabolism of superoxide via superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	187-190
8390485-3	1993	We found that IFN-gamma induced a concentration-dependent increase in the capacity of human monocyte-derived macrophages to ingest and kill both opsonized and unopsonized Candida albicans and to release superoxide anion upon stimulation with Candida.	Superoxides	203-219	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	14-23
8315350-7	1993	Incubation with 2-deoxyglucose (10 min, 5 mM), sufficient to inhibit by more than 90% the formyl peptide-stimulated superoxide generation by monocytes, slowed fMLP-induced acidification and abrogated the alkalinization.	Superoxides	116-126	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	159-163
8315350-8	1993	In addition, monocytes isolated from the blood of a patient with X-linked chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) underwent fMLP-induced acidification that was unmasked further by coincubation with dimethylamiloride, in a manner quantitatively similar to that of normal monocytes, despite the inability of the CGD cells to produce superoxide.	Superoxides	327-337	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	120-124
8391055-2	1993	Platelet-activating factor (PAF) and recombinant bovine interleukin-1 beta (r-BoIL-1 beta) induced superoxide production and beta-glucosaminadase release in bovine neutrophils.	Superoxides	99-109	PCNA-associated factor	Bos taurus	0-26
8391055-2	1993	Platelet-activating factor (PAF) and recombinant bovine interleukin-1 beta (r-BoIL-1 beta) induced superoxide production and beta-glucosaminadase release in bovine neutrophils.	Superoxides	99-109	PCNA-associated factor	Bos taurus	28-31
8391055-9	1993	These results suggest that (1) PAF and r-BoIL-1 beta activate bovine neutrophils by different mechanisms, (2) r-BoGM-CSF primes superoxide production and degranulation induced by PAF, (3) r-BoGM-CSF primes superoxide production but not degranulation induced by r-BoIL-1 beta, and (4) the priming effect of r-BoGM-CSF is not mediated by PAF.	Superoxides	128-138	PCNA-associated factor	Bos taurus	31-34
8391055-9	1993	These results suggest that (1) PAF and r-BoIL-1 beta activate bovine neutrophils by different mechanisms, (2) r-BoGM-CSF primes superoxide production and degranulation induced by PAF, (3) r-BoGM-CSF primes superoxide production but not degranulation induced by r-BoIL-1 beta, and (4) the priming effect of r-BoGM-CSF is not mediated by PAF.	Superoxides	128-138	PCNA-associated factor	Bos taurus	179-182
8391055-9	1993	These results suggest that (1) PAF and r-BoIL-1 beta activate bovine neutrophils by different mechanisms, (2) r-BoGM-CSF primes superoxide production and degranulation induced by PAF, (3) r-BoGM-CSF primes superoxide production but not degranulation induced by r-BoIL-1 beta, and (4) the priming effect of r-BoGM-CSF is not mediated by PAF.	Superoxides	128-138	PCNA-associated factor	Bos taurus	179-182
8391055-9	1993	These results suggest that (1) PAF and r-BoIL-1 beta activate bovine neutrophils by different mechanisms, (2) r-BoGM-CSF primes superoxide production and degranulation induced by PAF, (3) r-BoGM-CSF primes superoxide production but not degranulation induced by r-BoIL-1 beta, and (4) the priming effect of r-BoGM-CSF is not mediated by PAF.	Superoxides	206-216	PCNA-associated factor	Bos taurus	31-34
8397329-2	1993	Results showed that PMN in suspension from elderly individuals displayed a phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-triggered O2- responsiveness which overlapped that seen in the younger counterpart, while a significant decrease of respiratory burst was observed in the presence of formyl-methionyl-leucine-phenylalanine (FMLP).	Superoxides	123-125	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	319-323
8397329-6	1993	By contrast, under the same experimental conditions, O2- generation from adhering cells was reduced by using anti-CD18 antibody only.	Superoxides	53-55	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	114-118
8390258-0	1993	Superoxide is an antagonist of antiinflammatory drugs that inhibit hypochlorous acid production by myeloperoxidase.	Superoxides	0-10	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	99-114
7683614-2	1993	The O2- production by the stimulants was completely inhibited by PKC inhibitors such as calphostin C and staurosporine and was not affected by 1% ethanol, a metabolic modulator of phospholipase D (PLD).	Superoxides	4-6	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	180-195
7683614-2	1993	The O2- production by the stimulants was completely inhibited by PKC inhibitors such as calphostin C and staurosporine and was not affected by 1% ethanol, a metabolic modulator of phospholipase D (PLD).	Superoxides	4-6	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	197-200
7683614-3	1993	Furthermore, the O2- production by vanadate and fMLP, but not by OAG and PMA, was inhibited by both an inhibitor of phospholipase C (PLC), neomycin, and an inhibitor of tyrosine kinase, ST-638.	Superoxides	17-19	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
8387096-8	1993	Neutrophil superoxide production could be induced by aggregated IgA, and was increased if the neutrophils were pretreated with FMLP, correlating with the increase in Fc alpha R expression.	Superoxides	11-21	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	127-131
8387096-8	1993	Neutrophil superoxide production could be induced by aggregated IgA, and was increased if the neutrophils were pretreated with FMLP, correlating with the increase in Fc alpha R expression.	Superoxides	11-21	Fc alpha receptor	Homo sapiens	166-176
8387097-7	1993	CsA reduced FMLP-induced O2- formation by 20%, but CsB, CsC, CsD, and CsE did not.	Superoxides	25-27	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	12-16
8387355-6	1993	Processed Rac1 and Rac2 were both highly active in this system and supported comparable rates of superoxide production.	Superoxides	97-107	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	19-23
8387343-5	1993	Both diC8s also enhance fMLP-stimulated synthesis of leukotriene B4, 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and platelet-activating factor, and generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	150-160	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	24-28
7683858-1	1993	Hypotonic shock enhanced both formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP)-induced superoxide (O2-.)	Superoxides	83-93	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	69-73
7683858-1	1993	Hypotonic shock enhanced both formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP)-induced superoxide (O2-.)	Superoxides	95-97	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	69-73
8004151-1	1993	There is evidence for a tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha)-initiated and CD11b/CD18-dependent burst of superoxide anion (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide production by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes which are adherent to surfaces bearing a variety of proteins.	Superoxides	108-124	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	24-51
8004151-1	1993	There is evidence for a tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha)-initiated and CD11b/CD18-dependent burst of superoxide anion (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide production by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes which are adherent to surfaces bearing a variety of proteins.	Superoxides	108-124	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	53-62
8004151-1	1993	There is evidence for a tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha)-initiated and CD11b/CD18-dependent burst of superoxide anion (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide production by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes which are adherent to surfaces bearing a variety of proteins.	Superoxides	108-124	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	84-88
8004151-1	1993	There is evidence for a tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha)-initiated and CD11b/CD18-dependent burst of superoxide anion (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide production by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes which are adherent to surfaces bearing a variety of proteins.	Superoxides	126-128	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	24-51
8004151-1	1993	There is evidence for a tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha)-initiated and CD11b/CD18-dependent burst of superoxide anion (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide production by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes which are adherent to surfaces bearing a variety of proteins.	Superoxides	126-128	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	53-62
8004151-1	1993	There is evidence for a tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha)-initiated and CD11b/CD18-dependent burst of superoxide anion (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide production by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes which are adherent to surfaces bearing a variety of proteins.	Superoxides	126-128	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	84-88
8004151-8	1993	Antibodies to CD18 (R15.7) or CD11b (CL44 and 60.1) reduced the incremental production of O2- by 76, 71 and 77%, respectively.	Superoxides	90-92	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	14-18
8382631-4	1993	HPLC analysis shows that these preparations of Rp-cAMPS contained concentrations of adenosine which could produce significant inhibition of fMLP-induced O2-.	Superoxides	153-155	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	140-144
7690799-4	1993	The levels of superoxide anion production were found to be markedly elevated when thrombin-activated platelets were used.	Superoxides	14-30	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	82-90
8387952-6	1993	The increased spontaneous superoxide formation of neutrophils isolated from postischemic liver (1.05 +/- 0.11 nmol O2-/hr/10(6) cells) was reduced by 56% in neutrophils from CD11b antibody-treated animals.	Superoxides	26-36	integrin subunit alpha M	Rattus norvegicus	174-179
8387952-6	1993	The increased spontaneous superoxide formation of neutrophils isolated from postischemic liver (1.05 +/- 0.11 nmol O2-/hr/10(6) cells) was reduced by 56% in neutrophils from CD11b antibody-treated animals.	Superoxides	115-117	integrin subunit alpha M	Rattus norvegicus	174-179
8099103-0	1993	Reactions of radiolytically-generated superoxide anion with higher oxidation states of lactoperoxidase.	Superoxides	38-54	lactoperoxidase	Homo sapiens	87-102
8099103-3	1993	The results suggest that superoxide anion reacts also with compound II of lactoperoxidase; however, the reduction of the heme iron has not been observed.	Superoxides	25-41	lactoperoxidase	Homo sapiens	74-89
8385630-4	1993	This is supported by the observation that when nitric oxide was added to a superoxide generating system, catalase inhibited the production of singlet oxygen while superoxide dismutase enhanced it.	Superoxides	75-85	catalase	Homo sapiens	105-113
8387300-1	1993	The addition of agents, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, to human peripheral neutrophils (HPPMN) induces priming, which enhances the receptor-mediated superoxide (O2-) generation and tyrosine phosphorylation of several HPPMN proteins.	Superoxides	155-165	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	32-59
8387300-1	1993	The addition of agents, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, to human peripheral neutrophils (HPPMN) induces priming, which enhances the receptor-mediated superoxide (O2-) generation and tyrosine phosphorylation of several HPPMN proteins.	Superoxides	167-169	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	32-59
8387301-6	1993	Also, the reduction of cytochrome c by superoxide anions fell from 4.2 nmol/10(6) cells in the absence of forskolin to 2.0 nmol/10(6) cells following forskolin treatment.	Superoxides	39-56	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	23-35
8385686-6	1993	Superoxide radical production in response to either FMLP or PMA remained fairly constant for the first few days in vitro and then declined.	Superoxides	0-18	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	52-56
8386028-7	1993	In single patients cultivation of monocytes with IL-6 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor resulted in only slight improvement of superoxide production.	Superoxides	146-156	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	49-53
8387383-4	1993	Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and PGD2 inhibited both OZ-induced LTB4 release (EC50 0.72 microM and 0.91 microM respectively), and FMLP-induced O2- release (EC50 0.42 microM and 0.50 microM respectively).	Superoxides	138-140	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	125-129
7681399-2	1993	Treatment of these cells with human recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (TNF) resulted in an increase in phagocytosis and phorbol myristate acetate-stimulated superoxide anion production at 12 h and growth retardation occurring at 24 h. Moreover, TNF induced a moderate increase of CD14 surface antigen expression, used as a phenotypic marker of monocyte/macrophage differentiation.	Superoxides	163-179	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	54-75
7681399-2	1993	Treatment of these cells with human recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (TNF) resulted in an increase in phagocytosis and phorbol myristate acetate-stimulated superoxide anion production at 12 h and growth retardation occurring at 24 h. Moreover, TNF induced a moderate increase of CD14 surface antigen expression, used as a phenotypic marker of monocyte/macrophage differentiation.	Superoxides	163-179	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	77-80
7684358-2	1993	Neurokinin A (NKA), neurokinin B (NKB) and eledoisin (E) but not kassinin (K) have similar effects to substance P (SP) in priming neutrophils for increased superoxide anion (O2-) production in response to formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP).	Superoxides	156-172	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	0-12
7684358-5	1993	The priming effect of tachykinins was not confined to a single stimulus, such as FMLP, since NKA, NKB and SP also enhanced O2- production stimulated by platelet-activating factor (PAF), an important mediator of inflammation but a weak stimulus of O2- production on its own.	Superoxides	123-125	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	93-96
7684358-5	1993	The priming effect of tachykinins was not confined to a single stimulus, such as FMLP, since NKA, NKB and SP also enhanced O2- production stimulated by platelet-activating factor (PAF), an important mediator of inflammation but a weak stimulus of O2- production on its own.	Superoxides	123-125	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	106-108
8390449-7	1993	The results of inhibition studies on the NADH oxidation with SOD and catalase suggested that the reaction mixture containing stannum (IV) chloride contained a greater amount of H2O2 and a lower amount of O2- than that containing only vanadium (IV).	Superoxides	179-181	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	61-64
8386191-12	1993	Furthermore, while colchicine inhibited the activation of the NADPH oxidase by microcrystals, it, on the other hand, enhanced the production of superoxide anions by FMLP.	Superoxides	144-161	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	165-169
8383722-3	1993	Both agents (1 microgram/mL) also increased the production of superoxide by resting and FMLP-stimulated neutrophils.	Superoxides	62-72	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	88-92
8386775-6	1993	The production of superoxide anions was monitored by the reduction of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	18-35	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	70-82
8383719-8	1993	Treatment with both TGF-beta and D3 (but not D3 alone) induces superoxide anions and H2O2 production similar to that of circulating monocytes.	Superoxides	63-80	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	20-28
8384124-3	1993	Spontaneous and RA-induced differentiation into normal and leukemic macrophages induced a progressive loss of cAMP production and regulation of superoxide anion production by VIP and related peptides.	Superoxides	144-160	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	175-178
8446170-6	1993	Here we report tight genetic linkage between FALS and a gene that encodes a cytosolic, Cu/Zn-binding superoxide dismutase (SOD1), a homodimeric metalloenzyme that catalyzes the dismutation of the toxic superoxide anion O2.- to O2 and H2O2 (ref.	Superoxides	202-218	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	123-127
8384238-3	1993	Following pretreatment of human PMNs with recombinant IFN-gamma, superoxide anion release was selectively primed toward the receptor-initiated stimulants f-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) and C5a but not toward the transduction-mediated stimulants phorbol myristate acetate and A23187, a calcium ionophore.	Superoxides	65-81	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	54-63
8384238-3	1993	Following pretreatment of human PMNs with recombinant IFN-gamma, superoxide anion release was selectively primed toward the receptor-initiated stimulants f-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) and C5a but not toward the transduction-mediated stimulants phorbol myristate acetate and A23187, a calcium ionophore.	Superoxides	65-81	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	169-173
8384238-3	1993	Following pretreatment of human PMNs with recombinant IFN-gamma, superoxide anion release was selectively primed toward the receptor-initiated stimulants f-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) and C5a but not toward the transduction-mediated stimulants phorbol myristate acetate and A23187, a calcium ionophore.	Superoxides	65-81	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	179-182
8384637-1	1993	The effects of a beta-adrenergic agonist and a cyclic AMP analogue on activation, activity, and termination of FMLP-stimulated superoxide anion production were investigated.	Superoxides	127-143	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	111-115
8384637-3	1993	Exposure to 1 mM dibutyryl cyclic AMP resulted in a 40% decrease in the maximal rate and a 3-fold increase in the rate of termination of FMLP-induced superoxide production.	Superoxides	150-160	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	137-141
8433137-2	1993	In the laboratory, scavenging of the superoxide anion with native superoxide dismutase (SOD) or polyethylene glycol (PEG)-conjugated SOD (PEG-SOD) has been shown to be beneficial in several types of traumatic and ischemic injury.	Superoxides	37-53	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	88-91
8433137-2	1993	In the laboratory, scavenging of the superoxide anion with native superoxide dismutase (SOD) or polyethylene glycol (PEG)-conjugated SOD (PEG-SOD) has been shown to be beneficial in several types of traumatic and ischemic injury.	Superoxides	37-53	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	133-136
8433137-2	1993	In the laboratory, scavenging of the superoxide anion with native superoxide dismutase (SOD) or polyethylene glycol (PEG)-conjugated SOD (PEG-SOD) has been shown to be beneficial in several types of traumatic and ischemic injury.	Superoxides	37-53	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	138-145
8387355-9	1993	Unprocessed Rac proteins were only weakly able to support superoxide generation in either system, but preloading of Rac1 or Rac2 with guanosine 5"-O-(3-thio-triphosphate) (GTP gamma S) restored activity.	Superoxides	58-68	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	12-15
8383432-1	1993	In neutrophils, N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP) stimulates a respiratory burst with subsequent generation of superoxide anion (O2-.)	Superoxides	105-121	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	16-36
8382247-2	1993	NaF and FMLP stimulated superoxide release from both groups of cells, but the response was attenuated in RA-differentiated cells.	Superoxides	24-34	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	0-3
8382247-2	1993	NaF and FMLP stimulated superoxide release from both groups of cells, but the response was attenuated in RA-differentiated cells.	Superoxides	24-34	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	8-12
7678988-1	1993	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte CSF (G-CSF) primed human neutrophils for enhanced release of superoxide in time- and dose-dependent manners.	Superoxides	164-174	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-21
8438880-2	1993	Recent studies have shown that certain lymphokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) can significantly enhance O2- production by phagocytic cells.	Superoxides	158-160	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	59-86
8438880-2	1993	Recent studies have shown that certain lymphokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) can significantly enhance O2- production by phagocytic cells.	Superoxides	158-160	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	88-97
8438880-2	1993	Recent studies have shown that certain lymphokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) can significantly enhance O2- production by phagocytic cells.	Superoxides	158-160	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	103-119
8438880-2	1993	Recent studies have shown that certain lymphokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) can significantly enhance O2- production by phagocytic cells.	Superoxides	158-160	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	121-130
8383432-1	1993	In neutrophils, N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP) stimulates a respiratory burst with subsequent generation of superoxide anion (O2-.)	Superoxides	105-121	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	38-42
8383432-1	1993	In neutrophils, N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP) stimulates a respiratory burst with subsequent generation of superoxide anion (O2-.)	Superoxides	123-125	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	16-36
8383432-1	1993	In neutrophils, N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP) stimulates a respiratory burst with subsequent generation of superoxide anion (O2-.)	Superoxides	123-125	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	38-42
8381103-2	1993	Previous reports have shown that foetal cord serum (FCS) and superoxide anion, O2.-, can trigger human sperm hyperactivation (HA) and capacitation and that superoxide dismutase (SOD) could prevent these processes.	Superoxides	61-77	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	178-181
7679062-1	1993	The superoxide (O2-)-releasing capacity in response to N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) and the priming effects of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) on FMLP-induced O2- release were investigated in neutrophils from 14 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).	Superoxides	4-14	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	96-100
7679062-1	1993	The superoxide (O2-)-releasing capacity in response to N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) and the priming effects of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) on FMLP-induced O2- release were investigated in neutrophils from 14 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).	Superoxides	16-18	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	96-100
7679371-6	1993	In contrast, superoxide production in response to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) was decreased in exudate versus blood cells by about 50%.	Superoxides	13-23	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	50-77
7679371-6	1993	In contrast, superoxide production in response to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) was decreased in exudate versus blood cells by about 50%.	Superoxides	13-23	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	79-82
8381103-2	1993	Previous reports have shown that foetal cord serum (FCS) and superoxide anion, O2.-, can trigger human sperm hyperactivation (HA) and capacitation and that superoxide dismutase (SOD) could prevent these processes.	Superoxides	79-81	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	178-181
8385654-2	1993	All four riminophenazines at the concentrations tested (0.5 and 1.0 micrograms/ml) significantly increased myeloperoxidase (MPO)-mediated iodination, superoxide (0(2).-) generation, oxygen (0(2)) consumption and chemiluminescence (CL), as well as the release of both primary and secondary granule contents (measured as the release of MPO, lysozyme and vitamin B12-binding protein) by stimulated PMNL.	Superoxides	150-160	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	124-127
8433009-5	1993	Catalase, but not superoxide dismutase, prevented this increase indicating that hydrogen peroxide may be the agent responsible for the action, whereas superoxide anion is not involved.	Superoxides	151-167	catalase	Homo sapiens	0-8
8381846-2	1993	Superoxide anion generation in fMLP-stimulated PMN was dose-dependently reduced by heparin and oligo-heparin, while DS and oligo-DS lacked inhibitory activity.	Superoxides	0-16	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	31-35
8381848-9	1993	We suggest that the impairment of phospholipase D-mediated metabolism of phosphatidylcholine in response to fMLP stimulation of polycythemia vera granulocytes may be of significance for the reduced superoxide anion formation induced by fMLP in those cells.	Superoxides	198-214	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	108-112
8381848-9	1993	We suggest that the impairment of phospholipase D-mediated metabolism of phosphatidylcholine in response to fMLP stimulation of polycythemia vera granulocytes may be of significance for the reduced superoxide anion formation induced by fMLP in those cells.	Superoxides	198-214	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	236-240
7679577-3	1993	These discrepancies were also observed when superoxide dismutase (SOD) was present to protect NO from inactivation by superoxide anion.	Superoxides	118-134	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	44-64
8381917-4	1993	Aglycosylated IgG3 was, however, much less effective in triggering superoxide generation by interferon gamma treated U937 cells at low sensitization levels as threshold responses required only 60 glycosylated IgG3 molecules per erythrocyte compared with 16,000 aglycosylated molecules.	Superoxides	67-77	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	92-108
7679577-3	1993	These discrepancies were also observed when superoxide dismutase (SOD) was present to protect NO from inactivation by superoxide anion.	Superoxides	118-134	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	66-69
7678739-7	1993	A role for mitochondrial O2.- generation in TNF alpha cytotoxicity was further supported by the finding that resistant L929 cells had decreased ability to produce O2.- in response to TNF alpha.	Superoxides	25-27	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	44-53
7678739-7	1993	A role for mitochondrial O2.- generation in TNF alpha cytotoxicity was further supported by the finding that resistant L929 cells had decreased ability to produce O2.- in response to TNF alpha.	Superoxides	25-27	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	183-192
8380722-6	1993	As a consequence of the study, the rate constants for the reaction of superoxide radicals with native and acetylated cytochrome c were also determined to be (4.5 +/- 0.5).10(5) and (1.5 +/- 0.15).10(5) M-1 s-1, respectively.	Superoxides	70-80	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	117-129
7678739-7	1993	A role for mitochondrial O2.- generation in TNF alpha cytotoxicity was further supported by the finding that resistant L929 cells had decreased ability to produce O2.- in response to TNF alpha.	Superoxides	163-165	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	44-53
7678739-7	1993	A role for mitochondrial O2.- generation in TNF alpha cytotoxicity was further supported by the finding that resistant L929 cells had decreased ability to produce O2.- in response to TNF alpha.	Superoxides	163-165	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	183-192
7678739-8	1993	In addition, we detected a decreased activity of the mitochondrial enzyme succinate dehydrogenase in these cells, suggesting that this component of the respiratory chain might be an important contributor to the TNF alpha-induced generation of O2.-.	Superoxides	243-245	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	211-220
8381598-0	1993	Effect of in vivo TNF administration on superoxide production and PKC activity of rat alveolar macrophages.	Superoxides	40-50	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	18-21
8381598-1	1993	After the intravenous injection of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha (6.0 x 10(5) U) into rats, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-stimulated superoxide anion (O2-) secretion was enhanced in suspensions of alveolar macrophages (AM phi) compared with saline-treated controls.	Superoxides	163-179	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	53-86
8381598-1	1993	After the intravenous injection of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha (6.0 x 10(5) U) into rats, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-stimulated superoxide anion (O2-) secretion was enhanced in suspensions of alveolar macrophages (AM phi) compared with saline-treated controls.	Superoxides	181-183	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	53-86
8381598-4	1993	Although no TNF-alpha was detected in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, small quantities of TNF-alpha and/or other mediators secreted by polymorphonuclear leukocytes present in the lung capillaries, veins, and arteries may have leaked into the alveolar compartment and primed AM phi for enhanced PMA-stimulated O2- release.	Superoxides	311-313	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	92-101
8285854-6	1993	The production of superoxide radical in a solution of BHT-quinone was confirmed by cytochrome c reduction assay.	Superoxides	18-36	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	83-95
7506191-5	1993	This agent reduced the function of the myeloperoxidase pathway (which generates hypochlorous acid), by exerting a cell-directed inhibitory activity, as shown by measurement of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide production.	Superoxides	176-192	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	39-54
8019909-3	1993	We try to measure directly the free radical produced by murine recombinant TNF on L929 cells, by detecting the direct light produced by decomposition of superoxide using an adapted chemiluminometer.	Superoxides	153-163	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	75-78
8225036-10	1993	When spin trapping was conducted on PMNs in suspension, the EPR signal of superoxide adduct (DMPO-OOH) was undetectable after stimulation with fMLP.	Superoxides	74-84	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	143-147
7678087-7	1993	The [Ca2+]i-dependent superoxide anion (O2-) generation in response to FMLP was also significantly diminished in neutrophils from SCN patients compared to normal neutrophils.	Superoxides	22-38	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	71-75
7678087-7	1993	The [Ca2+]i-dependent superoxide anion (O2-) generation in response to FMLP was also significantly diminished in neutrophils from SCN patients compared to normal neutrophils.	Superoxides	40-42	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	71-75
8225036-2	1993	reported that N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-induced superoxide release from polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) lasted more than 60 min when the cells were allowed to attach to a petri dish before induction.	Superoxides	68-78	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	54-58
8167697-0	1993	Is the IFN-gamma-induced enhancement of superoxide production in CGD-phagocytes caused by increased expression of the p47-phox cytosolic protein.	Superoxides	40-50	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	7-16
8386687-12	1993	However, after cessation of the fMLP-induced activation, addition of PMA or silver ions gives rise to renewed production of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	124-141	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	32-36
8382188-2	1993	Adenosine (0.1-10 microM) pretreatment of PMN concentration-dependently inhibited the superoxide anion generation (O2-) in response to formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP).	Superoxides	86-102	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	174-178
8382188-3	1993	The priming by PAF (1 microM) for an increased O2- generation by FMLP-stimulated PMN was completely blocked by adenosine pretreatment.	Superoxides	47-49	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	65-69
8167697-1	1993	Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) had been shown to increase superoxide production of cultured monocytes from patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD).	Superoxides	56-66	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-16
8167697-1	1993	Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) had been shown to increase superoxide production of cultured monocytes from patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD).	Superoxides	56-66	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	18-27
8167697-2	1993	To elucidate the mechanism of the IFN-gamma-induced improvement of superoxide production of cultured monocytes from patients with CGD we examined the influence of IFN-gamma on the expression and the activity of the NADPH-oxidase in the monocytic cell-line Mono Mac 6.	Superoxides	67-77	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	34-43
8167697-3	1993	After cultivation of Mono Mac 6-cells in the presence of 500 U/ml IFN-gamma the superoxide production was found to be increased as well as the expression of the p47-phox cytosolic protein of the phagocytic NADPH-oxidase.	Superoxides	80-90	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	66-75
8381317-0	1993	Inhibitory effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide on superoxide anion formation by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine-activated inflammatory cells in vitro.	Superoxides	55-71	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	22-51
8417002-10	1993	The prolonged increase in mRNA and the decrease in the protein of CuZnSOD in the CA1 neurons seem to imply an important role of the endogenous antioxidant enzyme that protects against the detrimental effects of superoxide radicals on delayed neuronal death.	Superoxides	211-221	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	66-73
8381317-1	1993	Effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) on superoxide anion (O2-) formation by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-activated inflammatory cells from healthy volunteers were investigated using 2-methyl-6-[p-methoxyphenyl]-3,7-dihydroimidazo [1,2-a]pyrazin-3-one (MCLA) as a chemiluminescence probe.	Superoxides	50-66	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	42-45
8381317-1	1993	Effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) on superoxide anion (O2-) formation by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-activated inflammatory cells from healthy volunteers were investigated using 2-methyl-6-[p-methoxyphenyl]-3,7-dihydroimidazo [1,2-a]pyrazin-3-one (MCLA) as a chemiluminescence probe.	Superoxides	50-66	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	127-131
8381317-1	1993	Effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) on superoxide anion (O2-) formation by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-activated inflammatory cells from healthy volunteers were investigated using 2-methyl-6-[p-methoxyphenyl]-3,7-dihydroimidazo [1,2-a]pyrazin-3-one (MCLA) as a chemiluminescence probe.	Superoxides	68-70	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	42-45
8381317-1	1993	Effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) on superoxide anion (O2-) formation by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-activated inflammatory cells from healthy volunteers were investigated using 2-methyl-6-[p-methoxyphenyl]-3,7-dihydroimidazo [1,2-a]pyrazin-3-one (MCLA) as a chemiluminescence probe.	Superoxides	68-70	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	127-131
8381317-2	1993	VIP inhibited the maximal light intensity of MCLA-dependent luminescence in a dose-dependent manner by the activated peripheral blood neutrophils, mononuclear cells and also by the human monoblast cell line U937, the capacity of which for O2- formation was induced by pretreatment with interferon-gamma.	Superoxides	239-241	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	0-3
8380422-11	1993	In contrast, several of the responses to fMLP (the Ca++ transient, depolarization, generation of O2-, recycling of lipid metabolites) involve signalling machinery not constitutively resident on the neutrophil surface.	Superoxides	97-99	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	41-45
8231632-7	1993	From these results we can conclude that glucagon could enhance superoxide generation from FMLP-stimulated PMNs by elevating IP3.	Superoxides	63-73	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	90-94
8388978-3	1993	When human neutrophils were incubated with Okadaic acid prior to the stimulation with fMet-Leu-Phe (fMLP), an enhancement of superoxide anion release was seen.	Superoxides	125-141	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	100-104
7686297-9	1993	The enhancement by TNF-alpha of formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP)-induced O2-.	Superoxides	84-86	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	19-28
18475524-3	1993	Neither inhibitor affected the upregulation of CD11b beta(2)-integrin expression or priming of superoxide generation stimulated by IL-8 and GM-CSF.	Superoxides	95-105	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	131-135
8389007-0	1993	Heat-aggregated IgA prepared from patients with IgA nephropathy increases calcium mobilization and superoxide production of human neutrophils in vitro.	Superoxides	99-109	CD79a molecule	Homo sapiens	16-19
8389007-0	1993	Heat-aggregated IgA prepared from patients with IgA nephropathy increases calcium mobilization and superoxide production of human neutrophils in vitro.	Superoxides	99-109	CD79a molecule	Homo sapiens	48-51
8389007-9	1993	Aggregated IgA or IgG prepared by heat aggregation from IgA nephritic patients induced a significantly greater superoxide production from neutrophils than immunoglobulins from healthy controls.	Superoxides	111-121	CD79a molecule	Homo sapiens	11-14
8389007-10	1993	Similarly, heat-aggregated IgA and IgG induced superoxide production in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	47-57	CD79a molecule	Homo sapiens	27-30
8260749-1	1993	Altered levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), the enzyme that scavenges toxic superoxide anion produced during normal metabolism or after oxidative insult, have been implicated in multistage carcinogenesis of both rodents and humans.	Superoxides	78-94	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	18-38
8260749-1	1993	Altered levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), the enzyme that scavenges toxic superoxide anion produced during normal metabolism or after oxidative insult, have been implicated in multistage carcinogenesis of both rodents and humans.	Superoxides	78-94	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	40-43
8437891-6	1993	Increased Cu,Zn-SOD and unchanged Mn-SOD levels might reflect increased generation of superoxide anions in the cytoplasm rather than in the mitochondria.	Superoxides	86-103	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	10-19
1333512-4	1992	The data show that cord blood neutrophils produce increased amounts of O2- and H2O2 largely because of a prolonged reaction time to fMLP.	Superoxides	71-73	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	132-136
8396470-7	1993	In the in vitro study, the superoxide production in normal rat blood PMNs was significantly higher in the presence of cytokines (IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha) without dose-dependence but was not higher for the lentinan group than in the control.	Superoxides	27-37	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	129-138
8396470-7	1993	In the in vitro study, the superoxide production in normal rat blood PMNs was significantly higher in the presence of cytokines (IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha) without dose-dependence but was not higher for the lentinan group than in the control.	Superoxides	27-37	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	140-144
8396470-7	1993	In the in vitro study, the superoxide production in normal rat blood PMNs was significantly higher in the presence of cytokines (IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha) without dose-dependence but was not higher for the lentinan group than in the control.	Superoxides	27-37	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	146-155
1464587-1	1992	rac1 and rac2 p21s are ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins which are implicated in the NADPH oxidase-catalyzed superoxide generation in phagocytes.	Superoxides	115-125	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	9-13
1281979-2	1992	In human neutrophils, the chemotactic peptide N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP) induces increases in the intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) with subsequent activation of beta-glucuronidase release and superoxide (O2-) production.	Superoxides	233-243	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	93-97
1281979-2	1992	In human neutrophils, the chemotactic peptide N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP) induces increases in the intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) with subsequent activation of beta-glucuronidase release and superoxide (O2-) production.	Superoxides	245-248	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	93-97
1281979-16	1992	fMLP-induced beta-glucuronidase release and O2- production were substantially reduced by replacement of extracellular CaCl2 or NaCl by ethylenebis(oxyethylenenitrilo)tetra-acetic acid and choline chloride respectively.	Superoxides	44-46	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
1280257-0	1992	Generation of superoxide by purified brain nitric oxide synthase.	Superoxides	14-24	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	43-64
1490032-5	1992	Other functions of monocytes that are activated by growth hormone include release of superoxide anion and production of cytokines.	Superoxides	85-101	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	51-65
1337978-2	1992	The present study was designed to compare the efficacy of administration of the hydroxyl radical scavenger mannitol vs. that of the superoxide radical scavenger superoxide dismutase (SOD) in reducing myocardial reperfusion injury, and to test whether combined treatment with both agents would confer better tissue protection compared with either intervention alone.	Superoxides	132-142	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	183-186
1334681-6	1992	It is possible that the arachidonic acid released during phospholipase A2 activation of neutrophils may be involved in cellular cross-talk and, at higher concentrations, in directly activating Ca2+ and superoxide production.	Superoxides	202-212	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	57-73
1281879-0	1992	Modulation of neutrophil superoxide generation by inhibitors of protein kinase C, calmodulin, diacylglycerol and myosin light chain kinases, and peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerase.	Superoxides	25-35	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	82-92
1477980-2	1992	The major protector against superoxide anion in the extracellular space is extracellular-superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD).	Superoxides	28-44	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	75-109
1477980-2	1992	The major protector against superoxide anion in the extracellular space is extracellular-superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD).	Superoxides	28-44	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	111-117
1384435-6	1992	Similar inhibition by the TK inhibitors and stimulation by the PKC inhibitors were also observed with formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP)-induced superoxide (O2.-) generation by TNF-alpha- or G-CSF-primed PMN.	Superoxides	154-164	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	186-195
1384435-6	1992	Similar inhibition by the TK inhibitors and stimulation by the PKC inhibitors were also observed with formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP)-induced superoxide (O2.-) generation by TNF-alpha- or G-CSF-primed PMN.	Superoxides	166-168	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	186-195
1356929-3	1992	In vitro, pentoxifylline (PTOX) inhibits superoxide anion production when PMN are stimulated with an activated complement component (C5a Des Arg) or formyl peptides but only at concentrations not achieved in the circulation.	Superoxides	41-57	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	133-136
1334475-0	1992	Augmentative effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (human, natural type) on polymorphonuclear leukocyte-derived superoxide generation induced by various stimulants.	Superoxides	113-123	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	24-51
1334475-1	1992	We investigated the effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (human, natural type: n-TNF) on polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN)-derived superoxide generation by the new method of Cypridina luciferin analog-dependent chemiluminescence, which had high sensitivity and specificity to superoxide.	Superoxides	133-143	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	31-58
1334475-1	1992	We investigated the effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (human, natural type: n-TNF) on polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN)-derived superoxide generation by the new method of Cypridina luciferin analog-dependent chemiluminescence, which had high sensitivity and specificity to superoxide.	Superoxides	133-143	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	83-86
1334475-2	1992	Preincubation of PMNs with n-TNF for 3 min increased PMN-derived superoxide generation induced by phorbol myristate acetate, A23187, opsonized zymosan and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine in a concentration dependent manner (0.5-50 Japan reference units/ml of n-TNF).	Superoxides	65-75	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	29-32
1334475-2	1992	Preincubation of PMNs with n-TNF for 3 min increased PMN-derived superoxide generation induced by phorbol myristate acetate, A23187, opsonized zymosan and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine in a concentration dependent manner (0.5-50 Japan reference units/ml of n-TNF).	Superoxides	65-75	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	269-272
1334475-3	1992	In addition, the enhanced PMN-derived superoxide generation by n-TNF showed a positive correlation to the preincubation time of PMNs with n-TNF (3-15 min).	Superoxides	38-48	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	65-68
1334475-3	1992	In addition, the enhanced PMN-derived superoxide generation by n-TNF showed a positive correlation to the preincubation time of PMNs with n-TNF (3-15 min).	Superoxides	38-48	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	140-143
1334475-5	1992	The augmentative effects of n-TNF on PMN-derived superoxide generation should be useful in the PMN-mediated host defense mechanism, such as bactericidal and antitumor activity.	Superoxides	49-59	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	30-33
1356929-5	1992	Superoxide anion production, monitored by lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence, was inhibited by 40.5% +/- 8.0% (n = 8, P &lt; 0.009) for C5a Des Arg and 47.7% +/- 9.6% (n = 8, P &lt; 0.009) for formyl-methionylleucylphenylalanine stimulation 1.5 h after ingestion of 400 mg of PTOX in a slow-release tablet, with some inhibitory effects persisting at 5 h. There was a strong correlation between reduced PMN response to activated complement and plasma concentrations of three PTOX metabolites (P &lt; 0.05), but not with plasma concentrations of the parent drug.	Superoxides	0-16	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	138-141
1331280-3	1992	Mepacrine inhibited fMLP-induced superoxide production and degranulation in a dose-dependent manner with Kd values of 2.3 +/- 0.5 x 10(-7) M and 5.7 +/- 1.3 x 10(-6) M, respectively.	Superoxides	33-43	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	20-24
1404592-2	1992	An involvement of oxygen radicals was more directly evident from the induction of NF-kappa B by low concentrations of H2O2 and the demonstration that cells stimulated with various NF-kappa B inducers release H2O2 and superoxide.	Superoxides	217-227	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	180-190
1445297-6	1992	Therefore, cell death by TNF/CHX treatment occurs via a pathway in which lipoxygenase products directly or indirectly operate via the generation of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	148-165	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	25-28
1327540-3	1992	TNF also primed macrophages to produce superoxide anion (O2-) following treatment with phorbol esther PMA (0.1 micrograms/ml).	Superoxides	39-55	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
1327540-3	1992	TNF also primed macrophages to produce superoxide anion (O2-) following treatment with phorbol esther PMA (0.1 micrograms/ml).	Superoxides	57-60	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
1328203-0	1992	Inhibition of superoxide production in B lymphocytes by rac antisense oligonucleotides.	Superoxides	14-24	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	56-59
1328203-2	1992	According to recent studies performed in cell-free systems, Rac1 and Rac2 proteins may be involved in the activation of NADPH-oxidase, the superoxide-generating enzymatic complex active in phagocytes.	Superoxides	139-149	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	69-73
1328203-3	1992	Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) transformed B lymphocytes, which express rac1 and rac2 genes, also efficiently release superoxide anions when triggered by various cell surface stimuli.	Superoxides	112-129	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	75-79
1328203-5	1992	We report here that (i) the rac protein content estimated by immunoblotting can be decreased by 60% in Rac antisense pretreated cells and (ii) a strong (50-60%), dose-dependent inhibition of superoxide production is observed in antisense pretreated cells whereas cells pretreated with sense oligonucleotide are unaffected.	Superoxides	191-201	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	28-31
1328203-6	1992	The data presented show, for the first time in whole cells, that superoxide production is modulated by the Rac protein content, thus demonstrating the physiological role of Rac proteins in the regulation of NADPH-oxidase.	Superoxides	65-75	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	107-110
1328203-6	1992	The data presented show, for the first time in whole cells, that superoxide production is modulated by the Rac protein content, thus demonstrating the physiological role of Rac proteins in the regulation of NADPH-oxidase.	Superoxides	65-75	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	173-176
1382715-7	1992	PMN surviving in response to LPS or IL-1 beta retained the capacity to produce superoxide anion when treated with phorbol esters or fMLP.	Superoxides	79-95	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	36-45
1382715-7	1992	PMN surviving in response to LPS or IL-1 beta retained the capacity to produce superoxide anion when treated with phorbol esters or fMLP.	Superoxides	79-95	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	132-136
1327012-0	1992	Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 alpha synergistically enhance phorbol myristate acetate-induced superoxide production by rat bone marrow-derived macrophages.	Superoxides	110-120	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	0-27
1327012-0	1992	Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 alpha synergistically enhance phorbol myristate acetate-induced superoxide production by rat bone marrow-derived macrophages.	Superoxides	110-120	interleukin 1 alpha	Rattus norvegicus	32-51
1327012-6	1992	The biologic response to TNF-alpha and IL-1 alpha was assessed by measurement of superoxide production quantitated by the reduction of cytochrome c in response to phorbol myristate acetate.	Superoxides	81-91	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	25-34
1327012-6	1992	The biologic response to TNF-alpha and IL-1 alpha was assessed by measurement of superoxide production quantitated by the reduction of cytochrome c in response to phorbol myristate acetate.	Superoxides	81-91	interleukin 1 alpha	Rattus norvegicus	39-49
1327012-9	1992	However, after treatment with endotoxin or TNF-alpha for 24 h, macrophages were primed for enhanced production of superoxide.	Superoxides	114-124	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	43-52
1327012-11	1992	IL-1 alpha did not prime macrophages, but treatment with IL-1 alpha followed by TNF-alpha or LPS resulted in enhanced superoxide production.	Superoxides	118-128	interleukin 1 alpha	Rattus norvegicus	57-67
1327012-11	1992	IL-1 alpha did not prime macrophages, but treatment with IL-1 alpha followed by TNF-alpha or LPS resulted in enhanced superoxide production.	Superoxides	118-128	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	80-89
1322662-8	1992	Several other coumarins with one or more hydroxyl substituents were also capable of effectively removing superoxide anions (IC50 3.7-72 microM), although some could not be quantified due to direct rapid reduction of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	105-122	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	216-228
1328424-10	1992	SOD is the enzyme that catalyzes the dismutation reaction of superoxide anion radicals: 2O2- + 2H(+)----H2O2 + O2.	Superoxides	61-86	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
1324464-4	1992	Using a cytochrome c reduction assay, superoxide could be detected in the supernatant 30 min after exposure to RSV.	Superoxides	38-48	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	8-20
1324464-6	1992	The virus-induced superoxide generation varied in magnitude among different subjects and ranged from 0.6 to 11.5 nmol cytochrome c reduction/5 x 10(5) cells.	Superoxides	18-28	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	118-130
1324464-7	1992	RSV also appeared to prime eosinophils to the effects of other known cell activators, as demonstrated by an increase in superoxide production upon subsequent stimulation of RSV-primed cells with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (21.4 +/- 5.8 versus 9.4 +/- 2.7 nmol cytochrome c reduction/5 x 10(5) cells for primed and unprimed cells, respectively) (p less than 0.04).	Superoxides	120-130	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	265-277
8273565-5	1993	Unexpectedly, treatment of PMNs by H2O2 at a sublethal dose of 10 mM leads to a subsequent increase in the generation of superoxide anion in response to the chemoattractant peptide FMLP (twofold increase in O2- generation 30 min after treatment by H2O2 as compared with nontreated control cells).	Superoxides	121-137	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	181-185
8273565-5	1993	Unexpectedly, treatment of PMNs by H2O2 at a sublethal dose of 10 mM leads to a subsequent increase in the generation of superoxide anion in response to the chemoattractant peptide FMLP (twofold increase in O2- generation 30 min after treatment by H2O2 as compared with nontreated control cells).	Superoxides	37-39	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	181-185
1281785-1	1992	The superoxide (O2-)-releasing capacity in response to N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) and the priming effects of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) on FMLP-induced O2-release were investigated in neutrophils from 13 patients with aplastic anemia (AA).	Superoxides	4-14	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	96-100
1281785-1	1992	The superoxide (O2-)-releasing capacity in response to N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) and the priming effects of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) on FMLP-induced O2-release were investigated in neutrophils from 13 patients with aplastic anemia (AA).	Superoxides	16-18	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	96-100
1330925-9	1992	Following stimulation by three different stimulants (PMA, OZ, FMLP), leukocytes continuously generated O2-.	Superoxides	103-106	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	62-66
1326583-6	1992	Propranolol, an inhibitor of diacylglycerol formation from phosphatidic acid, caused a prolonged transmembrane influx of Ca2+ and partially reversed the inhibitory effect of ethanol on FMLP-induced O2- production.	Superoxides	198-200	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	185-189
1328441-7	1992	H-9 also antagonized the inhibition of superoxide production induced by other agents that regulate intracellular cAMP (prostaglandin E1, histamine, adenosine, forskolin, and dibutyryl cAMP).	Superoxides	39-49	G protein-coupled receptor 50	Homo sapiens	0-3
1328445-3	1992	To more precisely describe the oxidative burst of monocytes and neutrophils to Agg-CRP, superoxide anion release was measured by cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	88-104	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	129-141
1365032-7	1992	GM-CSF also induced granulocytes to release superoxide anion (O2-) in a dose-dependent manner, when the respiratory burst was assessed by a conventional cytochrome c reduction assay.	Superoxides	62-65	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	153-165
1328694-4	1992	Superoxide anion production was measured by the reduction of cytochrome c in a spectrophotometric assay.	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	61-73
1334711-6	1992	Additions of IFN-gamma, macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), which prime monocyte activation and induce O2- production, were also affected by the reciprocal effect of vIL-10.	Superoxides	174-176	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	13-22
1411300-5	1992	rGM-CSF and rTNF-alpha treatment significantly enhanced the spontaneous as well as C3zy-stimulated O2- production by neutrophils from controls and CDC class III subjects, and induced an upward trend in the CDC class IV group.	Superoxides	99-101	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	12-22
1329733-4	1992	The contribution of cytochromes CYP 1A, CYP 2B and CYP 2E1 to superoxide-generating activity was investigated using monoclonal antibodies.	Superoxides	62-72	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	51-58
1329733-5	1992	Monoclonal antibody 1-91-3 against CYP 2E1 inhibited superoxide generation by 58% in liver microsomes from pyrazole-treated rats.	Superoxides	53-63	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	35-42
1390878-10	1992	Furthermore, in certain instances, the inhibitory effects of SOD may be attributable to effects such as Cu2+ binding rather than dismutation of superoxide.	Superoxides	144-154	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	61-64
1360687-4	1992	Release of superoxide anion from monocytes was measured by superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of cytochrome c in vitro.	Superoxides	11-27	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	105-117
1337434-4	1992	The following functional tests were employed: ability to ingest latex particles and opsonized bacteria (St. aureus) and ability to generate superoxide anion in response to PMA and FMLP.	Superoxides	140-156	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	180-184
1337434-10	1992	Our results also show that incubation of leukocytes with prostasomes effectively inhibits superoxide anion generation in response to activation by PMA and FMLP.	Superoxides	90-106	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	155-159
1327300-0	1992	Naloxone is an inappropriate antagonist of met-enkephalin-modulated superoxide anion release.	Superoxides	68-84	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	43-57
1327300-1	1992	Met-enkephalin (MENK) increased superoxide anion release by human polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) at a physiological (10(-10) M) concentration and decreased release at a relatively high (10(-8) M) concentration.	Superoxides	32-48	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	0-14
1327300-1	1992	Met-enkephalin (MENK) increased superoxide anion release by human polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) at a physiological (10(-10) M) concentration and decreased release at a relatively high (10(-8) M) concentration.	Superoxides	32-48	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	16-20
1327300-4	1992	NAL and MENK also had a combined influence on O2- release.	Superoxides	46-48	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	8-12
1327300-7	1992	The fact that NAL and MENK mutually interfere with one another in their effect upon O2- release by human PMNs discredits NAL as an appropriate antagonist in this system.	Superoxides	84-86	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	22-26
1325992-3	1992	Nitric oxide significantly inhibited the generation of superoxide anion by neutrophils exposed to either FMLP (10(-7)M) or PMA (150 ng/ml) (IC50 = 30 microM).	Superoxides	55-71	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	105-109
1328756-6	1992	Preincubation of normal PMN in four-hour dwell PDE reproduced the responses of uremic PMN with absent acidification, enhanced alkalinization and enhanced superoxide generation after FMLP stimulation (P less than 0.05 compared to controls).	Superoxides	154-164	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	182-186
1332088-1	1992	Using the cytochrome c reduction method, we investigated light-dependent erythrocytic superoxide production.	Superoxides	86-96	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	10-22
1324680-4	1992	SIN-10 was more effective than SIN-1 in inhibiting superoxide anion (O2-) formation induced by N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMet-Leu-Phe) and by C5a.	Superoxides	51-67	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
1324680-4	1992	SIN-10 was more effective than SIN-1 in inhibiting superoxide anion (O2-) formation induced by N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMet-Leu-Phe) and by C5a.	Superoxides	69-71	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
1324124-4	1992	Superoxide formation was evidenced by SOD-inhibitable cytochrome c reduction in the reaction of NTP with egg phosphatidylcholine at molar ratio 1:1, and 1:3.	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	38-41
1324124-4	1992	Superoxide formation was evidenced by SOD-inhibitable cytochrome c reduction in the reaction of NTP with egg phosphatidylcholine at molar ratio 1:1, and 1:3.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	54-66
1328038-4	1992	We found that IL-4 could inhibit the priming of macrophages for enhanced superoxide production induced by IFN-gamma although IL-4 when used alone did have some enhancing effect of its own.	Superoxides	73-83	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	106-115
1328038-5	1992	This effect of IL-4 on IFN-gamma-primed superoxide production was dose dependent and could be observed even if the treatment by IL-4 was done 24 hr after treatment by IFN-gamma.	Superoxides	40-50	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	23-32
1328038-5	1992	This effect of IL-4 on IFN-gamma-primed superoxide production was dose dependent and could be observed even if the treatment by IL-4 was done 24 hr after treatment by IFN-gamma.	Superoxides	40-50	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	167-176
1324288-0	1992	Differential effects of interleukin-4 on superoxide anion production by human alveolar macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma.	Superoxides	41-57	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	24-37
1324288-0	1992	Differential effects of interleukin-4 on superoxide anion production by human alveolar macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma.	Superoxides	41-57	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	138-154
1324288-3	1992	IL-4 alone had little effect on O2- production by unstimulated AMs but down-regulated O2- production by LPS-stimulated AMs in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	86-88	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	0-4
1324288-4	1992	IL-4 also suppressed O2- production by AMs induced by the synergistic actions of muramyl dipeptide (norMDP) and IFN-gamma.	Superoxides	21-23	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	0-4
1324288-4	1992	IL-4 also suppressed O2- production by AMs induced by the synergistic actions of muramyl dipeptide (norMDP) and IFN-gamma.	Superoxides	21-23	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	112-121
1324288-5	1992	Maximum suppression by IL-4 of O2- production by AMs was observed when IL-4 was added within 1 h after initiation of LPS stimulation.	Superoxides	31-33	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	23-27
1324288-5	1992	Maximum suppression by IL-4 of O2- production by AMs was observed when IL-4 was added within 1 h after initiation of LPS stimulation.	Superoxides	31-33	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	71-75
1324288-6	1992	AMs also showed high O2- production when stimulated with IFN-gamma alone.	Superoxides	21-23	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	57-66
1324288-7	1992	In contrast to its suppression of O2- production by LPS-stimulated AMs, IL-4 enhanced O2- production by AMs stimulated with IFN-gamma.	Superoxides	86-88	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	72-76
1324288-7	1992	In contrast to its suppression of O2- production by LPS-stimulated AMs, IL-4 enhanced O2- production by AMs stimulated with IFN-gamma.	Superoxides	86-88	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	124-133
1324288-8	1992	These data suggest that IL-4 is an important regulator of O2- production by macrophages through different pathways depending on the stimulus.	Superoxides	58-60	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	24-28
1353610-1	1992	The enzyme Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) protects against oxidative damage by dismuting the superoxide radical O2-.	Superoxides	96-114	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	18-38
1353610-1	1992	The enzyme Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) protects against oxidative damage by dismuting the superoxide radical O2-.	Superoxides	96-114	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	40-43
1322051-0	1992	Superoxide responses of endothelial cells to C5a and TNF-alpha: divergent signal transduction pathways.	Superoxides	0-10	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	45-48
1320642-0	1992	C5a reduces formyl peptide-induced actin polymerization and phosphatidylinositol(3,4,5)trisphosphate formation, but not phosphatidylinositol (4,5) bisphosphate hydrolysis and superoxide production, in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	175-185	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
1320941-1	1992	Primaquine, a prooxidant antimalarial drug, incubated with human red blood cells (RBC) induced marked superoxide generation in the cells as detected by exogenous cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	102-112	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	162-174
1322051-0	1992	Superoxide responses of endothelial cells to C5a and TNF-alpha: divergent signal transduction pathways.	Superoxides	0-10	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	53-62
1322051-2	1992	In the current studies rat pulmonary artery endothelial cells (RPAEC) responded to human recombinant C5a and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) with the generation of superoxide (O2-).	Superoxides	172-182	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	101-136
1322051-2	1992	In the current studies rat pulmonary artery endothelial cells (RPAEC) responded to human recombinant C5a and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) with the generation of superoxide (O2-).	Superoxides	172-182	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	138-147
1322051-2	1992	In the current studies rat pulmonary artery endothelial cells (RPAEC) responded to human recombinant C5a and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) with the generation of superoxide (O2-).	Superoxides	184-186	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	101-136
1322051-2	1992	In the current studies rat pulmonary artery endothelial cells (RPAEC) responded to human recombinant C5a and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) with the generation of superoxide (O2-).	Superoxides	184-186	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	138-147
1322051-4	1992	RPAEC responded to C5a and TNF-alpha in a dose-dependent manner, with increases in intracellular Ca2+ (Cai2+), formation of D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate [Ins(1,4,5)P3], and generation of O2-.	Superoxides	193-196	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	19-22
1322051-4	1992	RPAEC responded to C5a and TNF-alpha in a dose-dependent manner, with increases in intracellular Ca2+ (Cai2+), formation of D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate [Ins(1,4,5)P3], and generation of O2-.	Superoxides	193-196	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	27-36
1322051-6	1992	Pertussis toxin pretreatment abolished the ability of C5a to cause increases in Ins(1,4,5)P3 and Cai2+ and formation of O2- but did not inhibit the changes in Cai2+ and formation of O2- after addition of TNF-alpha.	Superoxides	120-122	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	54-57
1333457-5	1992	Generation of superoxide (O2-) by stimulated PMNs, as assayed by superoxide dismutase inhibitable reduction of Ferricytochrome c, was markedly inhibited by Am.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	65-85
1333457-5	1992	Generation of superoxide (O2-) by stimulated PMNs, as assayed by superoxide dismutase inhibitable reduction of Ferricytochrome c, was markedly inhibited by Am.	Superoxides	26-28	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	65-85
1320039-0	1992	Protein kinase C has both stimulatory and suppressive effects on macrophage superoxide production.	Superoxides	76-86	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-16
1320039-5	1992	However, when PKC was depleted from unprimed BMM by prolonged (24 h) treatment with phorbol dibutyrate (PdBt) (10(-7) M) the ability of zymosan to induce the production of superoxide was greatly diminished.	Superoxides	172-182	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	14-17
1320039-8	1992	It is thus possible that it is the initial activation of PKC, rather than its depletion, that suppresses superoxide production.	Superoxides	105-115	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	57-60
1320039-10	1992	The activation of PKC therefore appears to have a suppressive effect on the generation of superoxide by unprimed cells.	Superoxides	90-100	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	18-21
1320039-11	1992	We thus conclude that PKC is not required for zymosan-induced superoxide production by either primed or unprimed macrophages and suggest that PKC may be involved in regulatory mechanisms restricting superoxide production by macrophages.	Superoxides	199-209	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	142-145
1320039-12	1992	However, since PMA alone can initiate the release of superoxide from primed BMM and RPM, it would appear that PKC can mediate both stimulatory and suppressive signals for macrophage superoxide production.	Superoxides	53-63	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	110-113
1320039-12	1992	However, since PMA alone can initiate the release of superoxide from primed BMM and RPM, it would appear that PKC can mediate both stimulatory and suppressive signals for macrophage superoxide production.	Superoxides	182-192	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	110-113
1320672-3	1992	Because recombinant human interferon gamma therapy enhances superoxide production in patients with chronic granulomatous disease, we sought to determine whether a similar strategy could reverse the osteopetrotic condition.	Superoxides	60-70	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	26-42
1317357-4	1992	PMNs obtained from asthmatics either not on theophylline (minus theophylline) or taking theophylline (plus theophylline) generated significantly more superoxide in response to 2 x 10(-8) M FMLP (2.08 +/- 0.36 nmol/5 x 10(5) PMNs (minus theophylline) (P less than 0.01 compared to controls) vs. 2.16 +/- 0.44 (plus theophylline) (P less than 0.01) as compared to controls (1.05 +/- 0.17 nmol).	Superoxides	150-160	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	189-193
1318335-4	1992	In an alternative approach we have now used a modified cytochrome c reduction assay to characterize C1q-mediated production of superoxide anion (O2-) in more detail.	Superoxides	127-143	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	55-67
1329616-1	1992	The Pseudomonas aeruginosa-derived phenazine pigments pyocyanin and 1-hydroxyphenazine (1-hp) prime human neutrophils for enhanced, stimulus-activated release of superoxide and myeloperoxidase (MPO), respectively.	Superoxides	162-172	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	194-197
1319880-1	1992	This study shows that N-acetyl-galactosamine and N-acetyl-glucosamine can diminish the production of superoxide anion from cytochalasin-B treated PMNs stimulated with FMLP.	Superoxides	101-117	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	167-171
1323530-1	1992	Recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (rTNF) stimulated increased generation of superoxide anion (O2-) by human neutrophils in a concentration-dependent fashion.	Superoxides	88-104	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	18-45
1323530-1	1992	Recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (rTNF) stimulated increased generation of superoxide anion (O2-) by human neutrophils in a concentration-dependent fashion.	Superoxides	88-104	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	47-51
1323530-1	1992	Recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (rTNF) stimulated increased generation of superoxide anion (O2-) by human neutrophils in a concentration-dependent fashion.	Superoxides	106-108	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	18-45
1323530-1	1992	Recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (rTNF) stimulated increased generation of superoxide anion (O2-) by human neutrophils in a concentration-dependent fashion.	Superoxides	106-108	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	47-51
1323530-2	1992	Preincubation of human neutrophils with rTNF (2.2-2200 units/ml) for 10 min enhanced the subsequent generation of O2- in response to C5a and f-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP).	Superoxides	114-116	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	40-44
1323530-2	1992	Preincubation of human neutrophils with rTNF (2.2-2200 units/ml) for 10 min enhanced the subsequent generation of O2- in response to C5a and f-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP).	Superoxides	114-116	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	133-136
1323530-2	1992	Preincubation of human neutrophils with rTNF (2.2-2200 units/ml) for 10 min enhanced the subsequent generation of O2- in response to C5a and f-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP).	Superoxides	114-116	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	156-160
1427988-3	1992	Our results indicate that, despite the ability of IFN-gamma to increase both the generation of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide by phagocytic cells and the expression of the high-affinity 72-kDa Fc gamma RI, it is completely unable to increase NSC mediated either by neutrophils or monocytes.	Superoxides	95-111	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	50-59
1319446-4	1992	Expression of respiratory burst in terms of the rate of superoxide production by the least and most electronegative cells to fixed concentrations of N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP, 10(-7) M) or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA, 1 microgram/ml) revealed that the least electronegative cells generated superoxide anion (O2-) at approximately twice the rate of the most electronegative cells.	Superoxides	56-66	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	190-194
1440096-10	1992	These findings suggest that increased SOD activity in the urban areas could result from a better protective mechanism with regard to higher concentrations of superoxide radicals which other would achieve toxic effects.	Superoxides	158-177	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	38-41
1316893-11	1992	These results indicate that the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase system is regulated by both smg GDS and rho GDI through rac2 p21 or the rac2-related small G protein in phagocytes.	Superoxides	32-42	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	124-128
1316893-11	1992	These results indicate that the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase system is regulated by both smg GDS and rho GDI through rac2 p21 or the rac2-related small G protein in phagocytes.	Superoxides	32-42	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	140-144
1637925-3	1992	H2O2 used at 30 mM decreases superoxide anion generation by neutrophils stimulated with PMA or FMLP.	Superoxides	29-45	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	95-99
1637925-6	1992	Augmentation of superoxide anion generation by H2O2-primed neutrophils in response to FMLP amounts to 200% of the control value.	Superoxides	16-32	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	86-90
1568222-1	1992	In HL-60 and ML-3 human myeloid cell lines, gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma) and/or tumor necrosis factor (TNF) induce synergistic accumulation of transcripts of the genes encoding the heavy chain (gp91-phox) of cytochrome b558 and the cytosolic factors p47-phox and p67-phox, components of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase system.	Superoxides	291-301	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	62-71
1568222-1	1992	In HL-60 and ML-3 human myeloid cell lines, gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma) and/or tumor necrosis factor (TNF) induce synergistic accumulation of transcripts of the genes encoding the heavy chain (gp91-phox) of cytochrome b558 and the cytosolic factors p47-phox and p67-phox, components of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase system.	Superoxides	291-301	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	80-101
1568222-1	1992	In HL-60 and ML-3 human myeloid cell lines, gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma) and/or tumor necrosis factor (TNF) induce synergistic accumulation of transcripts of the genes encoding the heavy chain (gp91-phox) of cytochrome b558 and the cytosolic factors p47-phox and p67-phox, components of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase system.	Superoxides	291-301	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	103-106
1321093-0	1992	C-reactive protein (CRP) peptides inactivate enolase in human neutrophils leading to depletion of intracellular ATP and inhibition of superoxide generation.	Superoxides	134-144	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	0-18
1321093-0	1992	C-reactive protein (CRP) peptides inactivate enolase in human neutrophils leading to depletion of intracellular ATP and inhibition of superoxide generation.	Superoxides	134-144	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	20-23
1314851-4	1992	ANP is a potent signal for priming the PMN respiration burst to secrete superoxide anion.	Superoxides	72-88	natriuretic peptide A	Homo sapiens	0-3
1320173-3	1992	Superoxide anion production was measured by the reduction of cytochrome c in a spectrophotometric assay.	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	61-73
1402089-4	1992	In in vitro observation, TNF activated neutrophil and enhanced super oxide production and elastase was released from neutrophil.	Superoxides	63-74	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	25-28
1374234-6	1992	Because oxygen free radicals have been implicated as a major cause of reperfusion damage and the function of MnSOD is to detoxify superoxide anions in the mitochondria, a possible protective mechanism for TNF-alpha may be to induce expression of MnSOD in the heart and thus confer resistance to oxygen free radicals generated during reperfusion.	Superoxides	130-147	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	205-214
1314821-7	1992	The addition of purified myeloperoxidase to an enzymatic superoxide generating system resulted in the detection of hydroxyl radical that was dependent upon the presence of chloride and was inhibited by superoxide dismutase, catalase, and azide.	Superoxides	57-67	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	25-40
1314821-7	1992	The addition of purified myeloperoxidase to an enzymatic superoxide generating system resulted in the detection of hydroxyl radical that was dependent upon the presence of chloride and was inhibited by superoxide dismutase, catalase, and azide.	Superoxides	57-67	catalase	Homo sapiens	224-232
1314822-10	1992	We propose that the lag phase occurs because benzosemiquinone reduces ferric-MPO to ferro-MPO, which rapidly binds O2 to form compound III.	Superoxides	115-117	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	77-80
1314822-10	1992	We propose that the lag phase occurs because benzosemiquinone reduces ferric-MPO to ferro-MPO, which rapidly binds O2 to form compound III.	Superoxides	115-117	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	90-93
1551878-7	1992	The cytokines influencing the EC-SOD expression are also known to influence superoxide production by leukocytes and other cell types, and the EC-SOD response pattern is roughly compatible with the notion that its function is to protect cells against extracellular superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	76-86	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	30-36
1551878-7	1992	The cytokines influencing the EC-SOD expression are also known to influence superoxide production by leukocytes and other cell types, and the EC-SOD response pattern is roughly compatible with the notion that its function is to protect cells against extracellular superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	264-274	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	30-36
1551878-7	1992	The cytokines influencing the EC-SOD expression are also known to influence superoxide production by leukocytes and other cell types, and the EC-SOD response pattern is roughly compatible with the notion that its function is to protect cells against extracellular superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	264-274	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	142-148
1554224-3	1992	Upon PMA stimulation, they displayed a better preserved ability to produce superoxide anion and to respond to IFN-gamma priming by increased superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	141-157	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	110-119
1312808-9	1992	In contrast, exogenous SOD did not alter iron release, suggesting that intracellular superoxide anion (O2-) may play an important role in mediating the reduction and release of transferrin-derived iron.	Superoxides	85-101	transferrin	Homo sapiens	177-188
1312808-9	1992	In contrast, exogenous SOD did not alter iron release, suggesting that intracellular superoxide anion (O2-) may play an important role in mediating the reduction and release of transferrin-derived iron.	Superoxides	103-105	transferrin	Homo sapiens	177-188
1312809-2	1992	When HPPMN were exposed to recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alpha (rHuTNF-alpha) or recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rG-CSF), they underwent priming and the rate of superoxide anion (O.-2) generation was increased by subsequent exposure to formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) or opsonized zymosan (OZ).	Superoxides	196-212	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	45-72
1581040-8	1992	Cells pretreated with desferrioxamine (Des) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) or Des, SOD and catalase (CAT) to induce partial (H2O2 formation only) or almost full protection (no ROS formation) showed about the same reactions as when cells were exposed to alloxan and cysteine without scavengers (O2-, H2O2 and OH.	Superoxides	127-129	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	83-86
1581040-8	1992	Cells pretreated with desferrioxamine (Des) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) or Des, SOD and catalase (CAT) to induce partial (H2O2 formation only) or almost full protection (no ROS formation) showed about the same reactions as when cells were exposed to alloxan and cysteine without scavengers (O2-, H2O2 and OH.	Superoxides	127-129	catalase	Homo sapiens	91-99
1581040-8	1992	Cells pretreated with desferrioxamine (Des) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) or Des, SOD and catalase (CAT) to induce partial (H2O2 formation only) or almost full protection (no ROS formation) showed about the same reactions as when cells were exposed to alloxan and cysteine without scavengers (O2-, H2O2 and OH.	Superoxides	127-129	catalase	Homo sapiens	101-104
1317357-5	1992	In the presence of FMLP (2 x 10(-8) M), PMNs from the minus theophylline cohort had less 2-CADO (10(-6) M)-mediated suppression of superoxide generation as compared to controls (38.3 +/- 3.8% vs. 67.1 +/- 3.8%; (P less than 0.001).	Superoxides	131-141	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	19-23
1376712-9	1992	Moreover, tranilast (30 and 300 microM) suppressed superoxide production induced by FMLP in human neutrophils, but did not act as a superoxide scavenger.	Superoxides	51-61	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	84-88
1312485-0	1992	Inhibition of neutrophil superoxide production by human plasma alpha 1-antitrypsin.	Superoxides	25-35	serpin family A member 1	Homo sapiens	63-82
1584206-1	1992	The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.1.1) and glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx; EC 1.11.1.9), the enzymes that metabolize the superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide, respectively, were measured in serum from healthy subjects and patients with Parkinson"s disease (PD).	Superoxides	139-155	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	18-38
1584206-1	1992	The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.1.1) and glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx; EC 1.11.1.9), the enzymes that metabolize the superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide, respectively, were measured in serum from healthy subjects and patients with Parkinson"s disease (PD).	Superoxides	139-155	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	40-43
1372506-0	1992	Tyrosine phosphorylation and its possible role in superoxide production by human neutrophils stimulated with FMLP and IgG.	Superoxides	50-60	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	109-113
1372506-1	1992	Superoxide production by human neutrophils stimulated with FMLP and soluble aggregated human IgG were inhibited in a dose dependent manner by two kinds of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, erbstatin and genistein.	Superoxides	0-10	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	59-63
1372506-5	1992	These data suggest that superoxide production induced by FMLP and soluble aggregated IgG are, at least in part, tyrosine kinase dependent, but the tyrosine kinases and/or substrates of tyrosine kinases involved may be different.	Superoxides	24-34	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	57-61
1312371-5	1992	Enhancement of O2- release by GM-CSF was observed over the complete range of effective concentrations of FMLP (10(-8) to 10(-6) mol/L).	Superoxides	15-17	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	105-109
1529797-1	1992	Interleukin-8 (IL-8), is a potent activator of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) functions including chemotaxis, superoxide anion production, and enzyme release and it is also chemotactic for lymphocytes.	Superoxides	113-129	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	0-13
1529797-1	1992	Interleukin-8 (IL-8), is a potent activator of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) functions including chemotaxis, superoxide anion production, and enzyme release and it is also chemotactic for lymphocytes.	Superoxides	113-129	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	15-19
1311166-5	1992	Another was due to destruction of the spin adduct by superoxide anion (.O2-), because superoxide dismutase (SOD) markedly prevented the decay.	Superoxides	53-69	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	86-106
1311166-5	1992	Another was due to destruction of the spin adduct by superoxide anion (.O2-), because superoxide dismutase (SOD) markedly prevented the decay.	Superoxides	53-69	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	108-111
1310612-4	1992	The oxygen- and superoxide-dependent effects on methanol dehydrogenase were not observed when either Wurster"s Blue or cytochrome c-55li was used as an electron acceptor.	Superoxides	16-26	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	119-131
1312159-1	1992	The present investigation was undertaken to examine the influence of super oxide anion generator hydroquinone and the superoxide anion scavenger superoxide dismutase (SOD) on the neurally mediated relaxation of the internal and sphincter (IAS).	Superoxides	118-134	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	145-165
1312159-1	1992	The present investigation was undertaken to examine the influence of super oxide anion generator hydroquinone and the superoxide anion scavenger superoxide dismutase (SOD) on the neurally mediated relaxation of the internal and sphincter (IAS).	Superoxides	118-134	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	167-170
1627273-5	1992	The SOD mimetic activity of PS-K was demonstrated by quantitative analysis of hydrogen peroxide as the end product of O2-., its formation being assisted catalytically by SOD or PS-K.	Superoxides	118-120	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	4-7
1627273-5	1992	The SOD mimetic activity of PS-K was demonstrated by quantitative analysis of hydrogen peroxide as the end product of O2-., its formation being assisted catalytically by SOD or PS-K.	Superoxides	118-120	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	170-173
1311579-6	1992	PTU was less reactive towards superoxide generated by the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system, having a small but significant inhibitory effect on superoxide-induced reduction of cytochrome c only at a concentration of 200 microM.	Superoxides	144-154	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	176-188
1311550-7	1992	Pretreatment with IL-1 or LPS significantly increased superoxide anion production, C albicans phagocytosis, and survival compared with pretreatment with phosphate-buffered solution.	Superoxides	54-70	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	26-29
1314550-4	1992	In addition, neutrophils incubated with thyroid hormone became activated and generated greater amount of superoxide anion in response to f-met-leu-phe (fMLP) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).	Superoxides	105-121	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	152-156
1531037-1	1992	We recently showed that mRNA levels coding the high-affinity Fc gamma receptor for IgG (Fc gamma R-I, CD64) and two of the components of the phagocytic superoxide anion-generating system--the heavy-chain subunit of cytochrome b558 (gp91-phox) and the 47-Kd cytosolic factor (p47-phox)--are modulated by interferon gamma (IFN-gamma).	Superoxides	152-168	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	303-330
1310262-5	1992	Priming in vitro by interferon (IFN)-gamma for enhanced release of O2- was also significantly impaired in protein-deprived mice.	Superoxides	67-69	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	20-42
1314160-7	1992	There was a significant correlation between aldose reductase activity and superoxide suppression (P less than 0.01, r = 0.64).	Superoxides	74-84	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B	Homo sapiens	44-60
1314160-8	1992	These results suggest that aldose reductase is responsible for reduced superoxide production in diabetic patients and the addition of an aldose reductase inhibitor to the diabetic neutrophil restores superoxide output to control values.	Superoxides	71-81	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B	Homo sapiens	27-43
1314160-8	1992	These results suggest that aldose reductase is responsible for reduced superoxide production in diabetic patients and the addition of an aldose reductase inhibitor to the diabetic neutrophil restores superoxide output to control values.	Superoxides	200-210	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B	Homo sapiens	27-43
1314160-8	1992	These results suggest that aldose reductase is responsible for reduced superoxide production in diabetic patients and the addition of an aldose reductase inhibitor to the diabetic neutrophil restores superoxide output to control values.	Superoxides	200-210	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B	Homo sapiens	137-153
1310696-0	1992	Growth hormone augments superoxide anion secretion of human neutrophils by binding to the prolactin receptor.	Superoxides	24-40	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	0-14
1740238-2	1992	Therefore, the ability of cells to tolerate superoxide toxicity was assessed as a function of endogenous CuZnSOD activity in several mouse and human cell lines with progressively higher levels of CuZnSOD activity.	Superoxides	44-54	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	105-112
1740238-8	1992	Taken together, these results demonstrate a consistently protective effect of endogenous CuZnSOD against superoxide toxicity in both primary and transformed cell lines.	Superoxides	105-115	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	89-96
1310696-1	1992	Recombinant human growth hormone (HuGH) and human prolactin (HuPRL), but not GH of bovine or porcine origin, prime human neutrophils for enhanced superoxide anion (O2-) secretion.	Superoxides	146-162	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	18-32
1310696-1	1992	Recombinant human growth hormone (HuGH) and human prolactin (HuPRL), but not GH of bovine or porcine origin, prime human neutrophils for enhanced superoxide anion (O2-) secretion.	Superoxides	146-162	prolactin	Homo sapiens	50-59
1310696-1	1992	Recombinant human growth hormone (HuGH) and human prolactin (HuPRL), but not GH of bovine or porcine origin, prime human neutrophils for enhanced superoxide anion (O2-) secretion.	Superoxides	164-166	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	18-32
1310696-1	1992	Recombinant human growth hormone (HuGH) and human prolactin (HuPRL), but not GH of bovine or porcine origin, prime human neutrophils for enhanced superoxide anion (O2-) secretion.	Superoxides	164-166	prolactin	Homo sapiens	50-59
1311860-5	1992	The slight lag in the photo-oxidation of cytochrome c is due to pheophorbide a-induced superoxide production.	Superoxides	87-97	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	41-53
1309848-7	1992	Pretreatment with IL-4 for 48, 24, or 0 h, respectively, inhibited the generation of superoxide induced by TNF alpha by 90%, 60%, and 40%.	Superoxides	85-95	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	18-22
1309848-7	1992	Pretreatment with IL-4 for 48, 24, or 0 h, respectively, inhibited the generation of superoxide induced by TNF alpha by 90%, 60%, and 40%.	Superoxides	85-95	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	107-116
1311860-6	1992	However, the relative amount of photo-oxidant produced is considerably more effective than the cytochrome c reducing capacity of the superoxide.	Superoxides	133-143	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	95-107
1310595-3	1992	We have used 3-morpholinosydnonimine N-ethylcarbamide (SIN-1), a sydnonimine capable of generating both NO and superoxide simultaneously, to test this hypothesis.	Superoxides	111-121	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	55-60
1310014-2	1992	Spermine suppressed N-formyl-methionyl leucyl phenylalanine (fMLP)-induced superoxide generation in permeabilized cells by reducing the rate and shortening the duration time.	Superoxides	75-85	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
1310595-4	1992	SIN-1 (1 mM) generated superoxide and NO at rates of 7.02 microM/min and 3.68 microM/min respectively in phosphate-buffered saline, pH 7.2, at 37 degrees C. Incubation of SIN-1 with both deoxyribose and sodium benzoate resulted in the formation of malondialdehyde (MDA).	Superoxides	23-33	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
1310595-10	1992	We conclude that the simultaneous production of NO and superoxide from SIN-1 results in the formation of hydroxyl radicals.	Superoxides	55-65	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	71-76
1336654-6	1992	FMLP-stimulated superoxide anion generation is specifically inhibited by Fc fragments with half maximal inhibition by 1.2 nmol/10(6) PMN.	Superoxides	16-32	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
1309623-8	1992	OFR-derived and SOD inhibitable chemiluminescence, superoxide anion, and blood MDA increased significantly during CPB and postoperatively.	Superoxides	51-67	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	16-19
1316186-3	1992	Superoxide radical was generated from the reaction of H2O2 with Co(II), but was inhibited when Co(II) was chelated with adenosine 5"-diphosphate or citrate.	Superoxides	0-18	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	64-70
1316186-3	1992	Superoxide radical was generated from the reaction of H2O2 with Co(II), but was inhibited when Co(II) was chelated with adenosine 5"-diphosphate or citrate.	Superoxides	0-18	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	95-101
1316186-9	1992	In the presence of ethylenediamine, Co(II) bound molecular O2 and directly oxidized DMPO to its DMPO/.OH adduct without first forming free superoxide, hydroxyl radical, or hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	139-149	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	36-42
1337322-3	1992	In vitro molsidomine dose-dependently reduced beta-glucuronidase release and the generation of superoxide anions from non-activated and from FMLP- or PAF-stimulated human PMNs.	Superoxides	95-112	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	141-145
1309493-7	1992	Superoxide anion production and candicidal activity were measured in the presence of TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta.	Superoxides	0-16	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	99-108
1309493-9	1992	Diminished TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta binding reduced superoxide anion production by group 2 polymorphonuclear leukocytes.	Superoxides	51-67	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	11-20
1309493-9	1992	Diminished TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta binding reduced superoxide anion production by group 2 polymorphonuclear leukocytes.	Superoxides	51-67	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	25-34
1332919-4	1992	In the present study we have modelled the simultaneous generation of superoxide and nitric oxide by using the sydnonimine, SIN-1 and have investigated its effects on LDL.	Superoxides	69-79	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	123-128
1317327-4	1992	Exposure of bovine serum albumin (BSA) (0.5 mg/mL) to pMC540 (0.2 mg/mL-1 mg/mL) results in loss of tryptophan fluorescence and 345 nm emission, suggesting a probable role of either hydroxyl (.OH) or .OH + superoxide (O2-).	Superoxides	206-216	albumin	Homo sapiens	19-32
1332917-7	1992	These results suggest a possible role for superoxide anion in the establishment of IFN-mediated antiviral effect, especially in the dose-response region in which the inverse relationship between the generation of the IFN-alpha-mediated antiviral state and CuZnSOD activity was observed.	Superoxides	42-58	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	256-263
1287121-6	1992	Ligation of IgA receptors on phagocytic cells by multivalent IgA complexes induces a variety of responses, including superoxide generation, release of inflammatory mediators, phagocytosis, and killing of various pathogenic microorganisms.	Superoxides	117-127	CD79a molecule	Homo sapiens	12-15
1287121-6	1992	Ligation of IgA receptors on phagocytic cells by multivalent IgA complexes induces a variety of responses, including superoxide generation, release of inflammatory mediators, phagocytosis, and killing of various pathogenic microorganisms.	Superoxides	117-127	CD79a molecule	Homo sapiens	61-64
1551966-1	1992	We performed an immunohistochemical analysis using a polyclonal antibody to determine the localization of CuZn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), a scavenger of superoxide anion radicals, in the human male genital organs.	Superoxides	154-179	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	106-131
1551966-1	1992	We performed an immunohistochemical analysis using a polyclonal antibody to determine the localization of CuZn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), a scavenger of superoxide anion radicals, in the human male genital organs.	Superoxides	154-179	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	133-136
1551966-9	1992	The CuZn-SOD could also play a role in local defence mechanisms against tissue damage mediated through superoxide anion radicals, as well as in providing SOD to the seminal plasma.	Superoxides	103-128	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	9-12
1537592-2	1992	Human neutrophils preincubated for 10 min with 10(-8) M rhMIL-8 and then stimulated with micromolar fMLP show enhanced release of superoxide anions, platelet-activating factor (PAF) and arachidonic acid compared with cells which are not initially exposed to rhMIL-8.	Superoxides	130-147	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	100-104
1330136-0	1992	Effects of a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, AA861, on lipoxygenase metabolism and superoxide anion generation by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes--potentiation of superoxide anion generation by LTB4.	Superoxides	160-176	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	13-27
1330136-1	1992	We studied the influence of a selective 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, AA861, on the generation of the superoxide anion (O2-) and the lipoxygenase metabolites by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN).	Superoxides	98-114	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	40-54
1330136-1	1992	We studied the influence of a selective 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, AA861, on the generation of the superoxide anion (O2-) and the lipoxygenase metabolites by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN).	Superoxides	116-119	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	40-54
1330136-2	1992	PMN produce O2- in a dose-dependent manner following stimulation with arachidonic acid (AA), leukotriene B4 (LTB4), or C5a.	Superoxides	12-14	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	119-122
1375201-0	1992	Effect of adenylate cyclase activators on C5a-induced human neutrophil aggregation, enzyme release and superoxide production.	Superoxides	103-113	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	42-45
1375201-2	1992	C5a-stimulated superoxide production was markedly inhibited by adenylate cyclase activators, and the order of potency was PGE1 greater than isoproterenol greater than epinephrine greater than PGF2 alpha, which correlated with intracellular cAMP levels.	Superoxides	15-25	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
1375201-4	1992	These results suggest that in the human neutrophil: (1) C5a-induced superoxide production is more sensitive to regulation by cAMP than neutrophil aggregation or enzyme release, and (2) the type of receptor occupied as well as the threshold level of cAMP are important in the regulation of neutrophil aggregation and enzyme release stimulated by C5a.	Superoxides	68-78	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	56-59
1339119-2	1992	Interferon gamma treatment did stimulate superoxide generation and bone resorption in patients with osteopetrosis as evidenced by a reduction in bone volume and an increase in biochemical markers of bone resorption.	Superoxides	41-51	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-16
1284152-2	1992	In vitro, gallopamil caused a dose-dependent reduction in phorbol myristate acetate-stimulated superoxide anion production by neutrophils as measured by the superoxide dismutase inhibited reduction of cytochrome C [concentration of 50% inhibition (IC50) = 9.5 x 10(-6) mol/L].	Superoxides	95-111	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	201-213
1340506-3	1992	The oral administration of nimesulide lowered the phagocyte ability to generate O2- in response to both FMLP (percent inhibition = 67.62) and OPZ (percent inhibition = 36.75).	Superoxides	80-82	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	104-108
1311010-0	1992	C-reactive protein inhibits intracellular calcium mobilization and superoxide production by guinea pig alveolar macrophages.	Superoxides	67-77	C-reactive protein	Cavia porcellus	0-18
1311010-3	1992	CRP by itself did not activate alveolar macrophages up to a concentration of 100 micrograms/ml, whereas it inhibited superoxide production in a time- and dose-dependent manner with median inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 4.2 +/- 0.3, 3.0 +/- 0.2, and 3.2 +/- 0.3 micrograms/ml for PAF (10(-7) M), fMLP (10(-7) M), and PMA (10(-9) M), respectively.	Superoxides	117-127	C-reactive protein	Cavia porcellus	0-3
1311010-4	1992	When CRP was incubated with the agonists before addition to cells, it inhibited PMA-, PAF-, and to a lesser extent fMLP-induced superoxide production.	Superoxides	128-138	C-reactive protein	Cavia porcellus	5-8
1311010-6	1992	These findings suggest that CRP may play a role in attenuating tissue damage secondary to activation of alveolar macrophages by inhibiting superoxide generation and mobilization of intracellular free calcium.	Superoxides	139-149	C-reactive protein	Cavia porcellus	28-31
1311015-9	1992	To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration that human neutrophil-derived cytoplasts contain alpha, beta I, and beta II forms of PKC and that each isoform translocates from cytosol to membrane upon exposure to phorbol ester at concentrations that induce superoxide production.	Superoxides	260-270	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	135-138
1309871-2	1992	SC-41930 inhibited human neutrophil (PMN) superoxide generation maximally stimulated by f-Met-Leu-Phe (IC50 4 microM) and C5a (IC50 approximately 12 microM).	Superoxides	42-52	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	122-125
1309871-3	1992	Moreover, postreceptor stimulation of superoxide production by NaF (a G protein activator), but not by phorbol myristate acetate, was significantly inhibited by SC-41930, indicating that SC-41930 may act via attenuation of a G protein-mediated signal transduction.	Superoxides	38-48	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	63-66
1319534-6	1992	However, both 3-OHB and AcAc dose-dependently inhibited superoxide anion (O2-) production, measured by using cytochrome c.	Superoxides	56-72	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	109-121
1319534-6	1992	However, both 3-OHB and AcAc dose-dependently inhibited superoxide anion (O2-) production, measured by using cytochrome c.	Superoxides	74-76	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	109-121
18475484-1	1992	Substance P (SP(1-11)) was exposed to a continuous flux of superoxide (O2-) or hydroxyl radicals ((.	Superoxides	59-69	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	0-11
18475484-1	1992	Substance P (SP(1-11)) was exposed to a continuous flux of superoxide (O2-) or hydroxyl radicals ((.	Superoxides	71-73	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	0-11
1485915-1	1992	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) scavenges toxic superoxide radicals produced in the mitochondria.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	32-37
1660883-8	1991	This conclusion is supported by the results of experiments using cytochrome c reduction to follow the formation of superoxide production in the course of the aerobic reaction of xanthine oxidase with substoichiometric hydroxymethylpurine, which demonstrate unequivocally that the species exhibiting the very rapid EPR signal is formed by one-electron oxidation of a MoIV species rather than direct one-electron reduction of MoVI by substrate.	Superoxides	115-125	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	65-77
1665882-2	1991	Today there are four major arguments for such a role in IBD: Infiltration of the inflamed intestinal mucosa with myeloperoxidase containing activated neutrophils able to produce superoxide, hydroxyl and hypochlorite, increased chemoluminescence response of peripheral and mucosal phagocytic cells to various stimuli, decreased inflammation following specific scavenger treatment in animal models of colitis and defined radical scavenger and inhibitory properties of drugs, especially aminosalicylates used in the therapy of IBD.	Superoxides	178-188	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	113-128
1662913-0	1991	Tumor necrosis factor-alpha stimulates superoxide anion generation by perfused rat liver and Kupffer cells.	Superoxides	39-55	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	0-27
1665488-5	1991	These results suggest that SOD-Fc conjugates, which have long half-lives, effectively perform dismutation of superoxide radicals and may be useful for preventing tissue injury caused by hazardous oxygen metabolites.	Superoxides	109-119	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	27-30
1667793-0	1991	Apolipoprotein A-I decreases neutrophil degranulation and superoxide production.	Superoxides	58-68	apolipoprotein A1	Homo sapiens	0-18
1667793-4	1991	Apolipoprotein A-I but not HDL inhibited IgG-induced neutrophil activation by about 60% as measured by degranulation and superoxide production.	Superoxides	121-131	apolipoprotein A1	Homo sapiens	0-18
1668107-3	1991	PAF alone (0.1 pM to 0.1 nM) failed to evoke superoxide production; however, when PAF was added for 10 min to cells upon prior incubation with 10 ng/mL TNF for 50 min, superoxide production was significantly enhanced as compared to that induced by TNF alone.	Superoxides	168-178	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	248-251
1668107-0	1991	Effect of platelet-activating factor on tumor necrosis factor-induced superoxide generation from human neutrophils.	Superoxides	70-80	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	40-61
1668107-2	1991	The effect of platelet-activating factor (PAF) and of two specific PAF antagonists on tumor necrosis factor (TNF) induced superoxide production by human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) was examined.	Superoxides	122-132	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	86-107
1668107-2	1991	The effect of platelet-activating factor (PAF) and of two specific PAF antagonists on tumor necrosis factor (TNF) induced superoxide production by human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) was examined.	Superoxides	122-132	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	109-112
1668107-5	1991	The antagonists also decreased by 25% the superoxide production elicited solely by TNF, implicating the involvement of endogenous PAF in this process.	Superoxides	42-52	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	83-86
1668107-6	1991	Pretreatment of the PMN with either pertussis or cholera toxin attenuated the PAF amplified superoxide production in TNF stimulated cells, suggesting that G proteins sensitive to these toxins may be involved in the mechanisms controlling amplification.	Superoxides	92-102	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	117-120
1663589-3	1991	Functions of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) such as N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-stimulated superoxide release and fMLP/thimerosal elicited leukotriene (LT) biosynthesis are inhibited by these PDE inhibitors with the same rank order and even lower IC50-values.	Superoxides	113-123	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	96-100
1824251-3	1991	Cell differentiation was estimated by measuring the expression of myeloid-specific cell-surface antigens (Mo-1 and fMet-Leu-Phe [fMLP] receptors), the ability of the cells to produce superoxide anions on stimulation with fMLP, the calcium ionophore A23187 and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), and by monitoring the level of expression of messenger RNA (mRNA) for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha).	Superoxides	183-200	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	221-225
1659906-1	1991	Recent evidence suggests that the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine (PC) by phospholipase D (PLD) may mediate superoxide anion (O2-) production in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	110-126	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	76-91
1659906-1	1991	Recent evidence suggests that the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine (PC) by phospholipase D (PLD) may mediate superoxide anion (O2-) production in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	110-126	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	93-96
1659906-1	1991	Recent evidence suggests that the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine (PC) by phospholipase D (PLD) may mediate superoxide anion (O2-) production in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	128-130	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	76-91
1659906-1	1991	Recent evidence suggests that the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine (PC) by phospholipase D (PLD) may mediate superoxide anion (O2-) production in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	128-130	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	93-96
1659906-2	1991	To define the role of the PC-specific PLD products phosphatidic acid (PA) and diacylglycerol (DAG) in O2- production in response to agonists which activate the PLD pathway, we blocked the metabolism of PA to DAG with propranolol, an inhibitor of PA phosphohydrolase.	Superoxides	102-104	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	38-41
1659906-3	1991	Propranolol (150 microM) enhanced the production of O2- in response to the receptor agonists n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP, 292 +/- 94% of controls), platelet-activating factor (PAF, 932 +/- 215%) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4, 1305 +/- 475%).	Superoxides	52-54	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	134-138
1659906-7	1991	These data are consistent with the hypothesis that PA produced through the hydrolysis of PC by PLD is an important mediator of O2- production in response to receptor-dependent agonists.	Superoxides	127-129	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	95-98
1667720-8	1991	NAD(P)H--cytochrome c reductase enzyme, which catalyzes superoxide anion production, is present in platelets at high specific activity, as well as those enzymes who protect the cells from oxygen reactive species.	Superoxides	56-72	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	9-21
1934607-6	1991	In vitro studies have shown that neutrophils and monocytes derived from patients with autosomal recessive cytochrome b-positive CGD respond to interferon-gamma with an enhanced respiratory burst (superoxide production) and increased bactericidal activity.	Superoxides	196-206	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	143-159
1657782-3	1991	In vitro-stimulated production of MPO and O2- from middle ear neutrophils was significantly less than that from peripheral blood neutrophils 24 h after nonviable pneumococci were inoculated but similar to it after 48 h. Twenty-four hours after viable pneumococci were inoculated, middle ear neutrophils stimulated in vitro produced less MPO but the same amount of O2- as did blood neutrophils.	Superoxides	364-366	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	34-37
1663497-2	1991	Diazepam also inhibited the superoxide production induced by FMLP, NaF, and A23187, but not that induced by PMA whose stimulant action was insensitive even to 10(-4) M diazepam.	Superoxides	28-38	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
1663497-2	1991	Diazepam also inhibited the superoxide production induced by FMLP, NaF, and A23187, but not that induced by PMA whose stimulant action was insensitive even to 10(-4) M diazepam.	Superoxides	28-38	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	67-70
1663497-3	1991	The FMLP-induced superoxide production was most sensitive to diazepam inhibition (ID50 = 2.25 x 10(-6) M diazepam); the effect of NaF was slightly less sensitive (ID50 = 1.34 x 10(-5) M diazepam); and the effect of A23187 was least sensitive as it was suppressed only at 10(-4) M diazepam concentrations.	Superoxides	17-27	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	4-8
1663497-4	1991	Like diazepam, Ro5-4864 inhibited the FMLP-induced superoxide production, and PK-11195 (10(-5) M) significantly antagonized both diazepam and Ro5-4864 inhibition.	Superoxides	51-61	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	38-42
1769697-6	1991	The macrophages released more superoxide (O2-), TNF and interleukin-1 (IL-1) on LPS triggering, and the releases of these compounds were further increased by addition of recombinant interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) to the medium.	Superoxides	30-40	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	182-198
1769697-6	1991	The macrophages released more superoxide (O2-), TNF and interleukin-1 (IL-1) on LPS triggering, and the releases of these compounds were further increased by addition of recombinant interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) to the medium.	Superoxides	42-44	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	182-198
1770125-9	1991	Taking into consideration the fact that SOD catalyses the dismutation reaction of superoxide anion radicals, the present results suggest that theca interna cells play an important role in the protection of the developing oocyte from oxygen radicals by acting as a blood-follicular barrier during follicle maturation.	Superoxides	82-107	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	40-43
1659593-6	1991	However, the generation of O2- was 3.4 times greater with EOSs (9.8 +/- 1.5 nmole of cytochrome c reduced per 5 x 10(5) cells) than neutrophils (2.9 +/- 0.4 nmole of cytochrome c reduced per 5 x 10(5) cells; p less than 0.0001).	Superoxides	27-29	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	85-97
1659593-6	1991	However, the generation of O2- was 3.4 times greater with EOSs (9.8 +/- 1.5 nmole of cytochrome c reduced per 5 x 10(5) cells) than neutrophils (2.9 +/- 0.4 nmole of cytochrome c reduced per 5 x 10(5) cells; p less than 0.0001).	Superoxides	27-29	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	166-178
1662316-5	1991	The superoxide (O2-) generation of monocytes, measured by cytochrome c reduction and lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL) from patients receiving hemodialysis treatment was significantly diminished compared to healthy controls.	Superoxides	4-14	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	58-70
1662316-5	1991	The superoxide (O2-) generation of monocytes, measured by cytochrome c reduction and lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL) from patients receiving hemodialysis treatment was significantly diminished compared to healthy controls.	Superoxides	16-18	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	58-70
1662316-6	1991	After the replacement therapy with 1,25(OH)2D3 the O2- production showed a significant improvement, resulting in an increased cytochrome c reduction and lucigenin-CL response.	Superoxides	51-53	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	126-138
1660271-3	1991	We have shown that flosulide (6-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)-5-methylsulfonylamino-1-indanone ), a novel highly potent anti-inflammatory compound, inhibits superoxide production induced by N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP), C5a and PMA without impairing bacterial killing or chemotaxis.	Superoxides	149-159	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	182-202
1660271-3	1991	We have shown that flosulide (6-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)-5-methylsulfonylamino-1-indanone ), a novel highly potent anti-inflammatory compound, inhibits superoxide production induced by N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP), C5a and PMA without impairing bacterial killing or chemotaxis.	Superoxides	149-159	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	204-208
1660271-3	1991	We have shown that flosulide (6-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)-5-methylsulfonylamino-1-indanone ), a novel highly potent anti-inflammatory compound, inhibits superoxide production induced by N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP), C5a and PMA without impairing bacterial killing or chemotaxis.	Superoxides	149-159	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	211-214
1660271-5	1991	FMLP-induced superoxide generation was also inhibited by two human flosulide metabolites.	Superoxides	13-23	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
1656978-1	1991	The inhibitory effect of adenosine (ADO) and pentoxifylline (POF) was studied alone and in combination on the N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) stimulated superoxide anion production of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL).	Superoxides	168-184	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	151-155
1659380-2	1991	Cultivation of differentiated HL-60 cells with 100 units of TNF/ml for 24 h resulted in a 3-fold increase in superoxide release and 4-fold increase in prostaglandin E2 production on stimulation with 1 microM-FMLP.	Superoxides	109-119	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	60-63
1930145-11	1991	Since this phenomenon is increased in diabetes, the cell-surface-associated EC-SOD may be decreased in this disease, increasing the susceptibility of cells to superoxide radicals produced in the extracellular space.	Superoxides	159-169	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	76-82
1663531-7	1991	However, the ability of IFN to augment superoxide anion release by cells simultaneously exposed to LPS in comparison to superoxide anion generation by cells exposed to LPS only was attenuated.	Superoxides	39-55	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	24-27
1662723-5	1991	Piroxicam (10 microM) independently reduced FMLP dependent superoxide anion generation to 63.7 +/- 7.4% (p less than 0.01) of control.	Superoxides	59-75	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	44-48
1924315-1	1991	Copper, zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1 gene product) (superoxide:superoxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.15.1.1) is a copper-containing enzyme that functions to prevent oxygen toxicity.	Superoxides	13-23	oxidoreductase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	77-91
1655041-8	1991	As others have shown FMLP stimulation of superoxide anion production has no external Ca2+ dependence but the presence of low levels of Ca2+ and Mg2+ (0.1 mM) during priming appears to be an essential requirement for full expression.	Superoxides	41-57	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	21-25
1653805-2	1991	At 10 microM zLYCK, a parallel inhibition was observed of superoxide production stimulated with the chemo-attractant FMLP and of chymotrypsin-like activity of human neutrophils.	Superoxides	58-68	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	117-121
1653806-3	1991	CsH inhibited superoxide (O2-) formation induced by the chemotactic peptide, FMLP (30 nM), with a half-maximal effect at 40 nM.	Superoxides	14-24	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	77-81
1653806-3	1991	CsH inhibited superoxide (O2-) formation induced by the chemotactic peptide, FMLP (30 nM), with a half-maximal effect at 40 nM.	Superoxides	26-28	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	77-81
1653806-5	1991	CsH increased the concentration of FMLP causing half-maximal activation of O2- formation from 30 nM to 0.8 microM and substantially reduced the stimulatory effect of FMLP at supra-maximally effective concentrations.	Superoxides	75-77	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	35-39
1653806-13	1991	Cyclosporines partially inhibited O2- formations induced by NaF and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane.	Superoxides	34-36	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	60-63
1653806-17	1991	Our data show that: 1) cyclosporines differentially inhibit activation of human neutrophils; and 2) CsH is, indeed, not immunologically inactive but is a potent and effective inhibitor of FMLP-induced O2- formation.	Superoxides	201-203	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	188-192
1332919-5	1992	SIN-1 liberates both superoxide and nitric oxide during autooxidation resulting in the formation of hydroxyl radicals.	Superoxides	21-31	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
1332919-6	1992	We have demonstrated that superoxide generated by SIN-1 is not available to take part in a dismutation reaction since it reacts preferentially with nitric oxide.	Superoxides	26-36	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	50-55
1332919-9	1992	The SIN-1-dependent peroxidation of LDL is completely inhibited by superoxide dismutase which scavenges superoxide.	Superoxides	67-77	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	4-9
1337538-1	1992	Electrochemical sensors based on immobilised cytochrome c or superoxide dismutase for the measurement of superoxide radical production by stimulated neutrophils are described.	Superoxides	105-123	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	45-57
1337538-3	1992	The reoxidation of cytochrome c at the electrode surface upon reduction by superoxide was monitored using both xanthine/xanthine oxidase and stimulated neutrophils as sources of the free radical.	Superoxides	75-85	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	19-31
1930256-5	1991	The endothelial protection may be related to actions of TGF-beta opposing the endothelial-destabilizing actions of both TNF and superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	128-138	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	56-64
1653237-8	1991	Cell exposure to linoleic acid (1 microM) caused a significant decrease in lipid order and an increase in lipid lateral mobility along with increased O2- production to N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) (191%) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) (39%), p less than 0.02 for each.	Superoxides	150-152	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	168-188
1653237-8	1991	Cell exposure to linoleic acid (1 microM) caused a significant decrease in lipid order and an increase in lipid lateral mobility along with increased O2- production to N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) (191%) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) (39%), p less than 0.02 for each.	Superoxides	150-152	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	190-194
1653237-9	1991	3 mM ethanol also augmented O2- response to fMLP (31%) and PMA (48%) and caused a significant decrease in lipid order, but did not affect lipid lateral mobility.	Superoxides	28-30	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	44-48
1653237-10	1991	Treatment with cholesteryl hemisuccinate (100 micrograms/ml) resulted in increased lipid order and decreased lipid lateral mobility, as well as decreased neutrophil superoxide response to fMLP (-61%, p less than 0.001) and PMA (-50%, p less than 0.02).	Superoxides	165-175	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	188-192
1653237-12	1991	Cells treated with 10 microM 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol had a greater than 8-fold increase in superoxide response to fMLP (p less than 0.001) while demonstrating a significant decrease in lipid order (0.289 to 0.281, p less than 0.01) and a 50% increase in lipid lateral mobility (p less than 0.001).	Superoxides	97-107	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	120-124
1910814-2	1991	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a cytokine synthesized by macrophages, effects polymorphonuclear leukocyte (neutrophil) chemotaxis, induces superoxide anion generation, and mediates neutrophil adhesion to endothelial cells.	Superoxides	137-153	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-21
1910814-2	1991	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a cytokine synthesized by macrophages, effects polymorphonuclear leukocyte (neutrophil) chemotaxis, induces superoxide anion generation, and mediates neutrophil adhesion to endothelial cells.	Superoxides	137-153	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	23-26
1652310-2	1991	The defect in signal transduction occurred at a point proximal to the generation of IP3 and DAG, since the reduction in FMLP-induced superoxide generation was corrected if the intervening signal transduction steps were bypassed, either by priming with a substimulatory dose (1.62 nmol/L) of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), by ionophore elevation of cytosolic calcium, or by using a stimulatory dose of PMA (1.62 mumol/L).	Superoxides	133-143	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	120-124
1793562-3	1991	The effects of the enzymes demonstrate that superoxide is a precursor to the rate-determining intermediate and that both catalase and peroxide enhance a reaction that competes with the rate-limiting process.	Superoxides	44-54	catalase	Homo sapiens	121-129
1878595-9	1991	Staphylococcus aureus killing was 50% of control whereas superoxide production response to FMLP and surface expression of CD11b were greater than twice normal.	Superoxides	57-67	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	91-95
1661287-6	1991	All sera caused an increased rate of superoxide anion production in response to fMLP and thus "primed" the neutrophil NADPH:O2 oxidoreductase.	Superoxides	37-53	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	80-84
1652608-8	1991	Neutrophil production of reactive oxygen intermediates was not stimulated by TGF-beta, nor did TGF-beta enhance or depress subsequent PMA- or FMLP-stimulated superoxide production.	Superoxides	158-168	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	142-146
1655912-1	1991	Superoxide dismutase (SOD)-inhibitable reduction of cytochrome c is the basis for a widely used assay to measure superoxide production.	Superoxides	113-123	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	52-64
1868064-1	1991	The free two-electron-reduced form of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase is reoxidized by 120 microM molecular oxygen (50 mM phosphate buffer, pH 7.6, 2 degrees C) with a half-time of approximately 7 s. Reoxidation yields hydrogen peroxide as a major product with only traces of the superoxide anion.	Superoxides	284-300	acyl-CoA dehydrogenase medium chain	Homo sapiens	38-73
1650222-9	1991	CRP at concentrations of 50 micrograms/ml inhibited the neutrophil superoxide production induced by phorbol ester.	Superoxides	67-77	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	0-3
1324505-1	1992	Preincubation of human peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes (HPPMN) with recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (rHuTNF-alpha) enhanced the formylmethionyl-leucylphenylalanine (FMLP)-induced superoxide (O2-.)	Superoxides	207-217	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	100-127
1324505-1	1992	Preincubation of human peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes (HPPMN) with recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (rHuTNF-alpha) enhanced the formylmethionyl-leucylphenylalanine (FMLP)-induced superoxide (O2-.)	Superoxides	219-221	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	100-127
1651073-7	1991	Superoxide production was induced by TNF at concentrations at or greater than 10(-11) mol/L.	Superoxides	0-10	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	37-40
1650222-10	1991	At concentrations of 100 micrograms/ml or greater, CRP also inhibited superoxide production in a cell-free xanthine oxidase-acetaldehyde system.	Superoxides	70-80	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	51-54
1761671-1	1991	The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), a highly specific scavenging enzyme for superoxide anion radicals (O2-), and lipid peroxide produced by oxygen free radicals were measured in human seminal plasma and spermatozoa.	Superoxides	82-107	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	14-34
1761671-1	1991	The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), a highly specific scavenging enzyme for superoxide anion radicals (O2-), and lipid peroxide produced by oxygen free radicals were measured in human seminal plasma and spermatozoa.	Superoxides	82-107	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	36-39
1761671-1	1991	The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), a highly specific scavenging enzyme for superoxide anion radicals (O2-), and lipid peroxide produced by oxygen free radicals were measured in human seminal plasma and spermatozoa.	Superoxides	109-111	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	14-34
1761671-1	1991	The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), a highly specific scavenging enzyme for superoxide anion radicals (O2-), and lipid peroxide produced by oxygen free radicals were measured in human seminal plasma and spermatozoa.	Superoxides	109-111	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	36-39
1668725-9	1991	TNF-alpha induces manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) which also uses O2- to produce cytotoxic concentrations of hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	84-86	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-9
1668725-10	1991	Therefore, it can be concluded that the cytotoxicity of both gamma-IFN and TNF-alpha depends on the availability of L-tryptophan as the substrate for the removal of O2- via indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase.	Superoxides	165-167	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	75-84
1650579-2	1991	L-Thyroxine and L-triiodothyronine elicited dose dependently a potent inhibitory action on the FMLP-induced O2- production with IC50 values of about 10(-6) M and 7.10(-6) M, respectively, but L-diiodothyronine did not.	Superoxides	108-110	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	95-99
1650579-6	1991	L-Thyroxine and L-triiodothyronine were found to block [3H]FMLP binding to its own receptor with IC50 values similar to those for the inhibition of the O2- production by changing the affinity for the peptide but not the number of the receptors.	Superoxides	152-154	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	59-63
1650579-7	1991	These results suggest that thyroxine and triiodothyronine interfere with the binding of FMLP to the receptors, leading to the inhibition of neutrophil functions, such as O2- production, and that the inhibitory effects result from extranuclear actions rather than nuclear receptor-mediated ones.	Superoxides	170-172	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	88-92
1950816-4	1991	The protein kinase C inhibitor, H-7, and the phospholipase A2 inhibitor, BPB, both prevented drug-mediated activation of superoxide generation by PMNL.	Superoxides	121-131	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	45-61
1665102-12	1991	SOD, but not CAT prevented LDL peroxidation, indicating an obligatory role for superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	79-89	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
1653676-2	1991	The amount of O2- production was significantly increased in diabetic serum 0.41 +/- 0.04 (+/- SD) vs 0.14 +/- 0.04 mumol l-1 min-1, p less than 0.001) and correlated with fasting plasma glucose and glycosylated protein levels in both diabetic (r = 0.72, p less than 0.01, and r = 0.62, p less than 0.05) and normal r = 0.75, p less than 0.01 and r = 0.64, p less than 0.05) subjects.	Superoxides	14-16	CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group)	Homo sapiens	125-130
1653676-3	1991	Improved metabolic control in the diabetic patients was associated with a reduction of serum O2- production (0.28 +/- 0.06 mumol l-1 min-1, p less than 0.01), but the correlation between O2- levels and fasting plasma glucose and glycosylated protein concentrations was retained (r = 0.86 and r = 0.72, respectively, both p less than 0.01).	Superoxides	93-95	CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group)	Homo sapiens	133-138
1656112-7	1991	We conclude that increased superoxide anion production in the post-operative period may affect plasma SOD-like activity.	Superoxides	27-43	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	102-105
1676856-1	1991	Components involved in superoxide anion production (cytochrome b) and in cell adhesion processes (CD11b, CD11c, CD18), two early functional responses of neutrophils during acute inflammation, are intracellularly located in resting human neutrophils.	Superoxides	23-39	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	112-116
1645327-2	1991	Human monocytes cultured in the presence of human recombinant IFN-gamma exhibited an enhanced capacity to produce superoxide anion.	Superoxides	114-130	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	62-71
1653047-2	1991	Cultivation of differentiated HL-60 cells with TNF induced a time- and dose-dependent increase in superoxide production following stimulation with f-Met-Leu-Phe.	Superoxides	98-108	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	47-50
1653047-3	1991	An increase in the respiratory burst response could be detected as early as 1 h, and was maximally enhanced at 24 h. TNF enhanced superoxide production by increasing the initial rate of production without altering the time over which HL-60 cells produced superoxide following f-Met-Leu-Phe stimulation.	Superoxides	130-140	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	117-120
1653047-3	1991	An increase in the respiratory burst response could be detected as early as 1 h, and was maximally enhanced at 24 h. TNF enhanced superoxide production by increasing the initial rate of production without altering the time over which HL-60 cells produced superoxide following f-Met-Leu-Phe stimulation.	Superoxides	255-265	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	117-120
1646033-2	1991	Xanthine plus xanthine oxidase (X + XO) which is known to generate superoxide anions (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), an activated species of oxygen, was found to decrease Ca(2+)-stimulated ATPase activity, increase Mg(2+)-ATPase activity and reduce sulfhydryl (SH) group contents in myofibrils; these effects were completely prevented by superoxide dismutase (SOD) plus catalase (CAT).	Superoxides	67-84	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	374-382
1646033-2	1991	Xanthine plus xanthine oxidase (X + XO) which is known to generate superoxide anions (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), an activated species of oxygen, was found to decrease Ca(2+)-stimulated ATPase activity, increase Mg(2+)-ATPase activity and reduce sulfhydryl (SH) group contents in myofibrils; these effects were completely prevented by superoxide dismutase (SOD) plus catalase (CAT).	Superoxides	67-84	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	384-387
2032208-1	1991	Superoxide dismutases (SOD), which are enzymes scavenging the superoxide radical, were studied in two variant lines of the B16 melanoma: B16F1 with low metastatic potential and B16F10 with high metastatic potential.	Superoxides	62-72	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	23-26
1646910-5	1991	In a separate study (n = 100 mice), IFN-gamma (1000-10,000 U/day ip) vs saline was given for 3 days prior to harvesting peritoneal macrophages for assay of superoxide anion (O2-), percentage macrophage phagocytosis of C. albicans, and percentage killing of C. albicans.	Superoxides	156-172	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	36-45
1646910-5	1991	In a separate study (n = 100 mice), IFN-gamma (1000-10,000 U/day ip) vs saline was given for 3 days prior to harvesting peritoneal macrophages for assay of superoxide anion (O2-), percentage macrophage phagocytosis of C. albicans, and percentage killing of C. albicans.	Superoxides	174-176	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	36-45
1651389-5	1991	In addition, a significant (P less than .05) enhancement of IDDM PMN superoxide production in response to opsonized zymosan (cytochrome C reduction) was observed.	Superoxides	69-79	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	125-137
1665058-1	1991	The scavenging effects of bifemelane hydrochloride and of its two major metabolites (M-1 and M-2) on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl radical, the superoxide anion radical and the hydroxyl radical, were examined using electron spin resonance spectrometry in vitro.	Superoxides	149-173	myoregulin	Homo sapiens	85-88
1665058-3	1991	Both M-1 and M-2 scavenged dose-dependently the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl radical and the superoxide anion radical.	Superoxides	95-119	myoregulin	Homo sapiens	5-8
1708332-10	1991	Since catalase reversed the effects of xanthine oxidase, we conclude that superoxide was rapidly dismuted to hydrogen peroxide and mediated the antigonadotropic and antisteroidogenic actions of xanthine oxidase in luteal cells.	Superoxides	74-84	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	6-14
1849943-2	1991	For superoxide (O2-) responses of human neutrophils stimulated by FMLP, experiments were designed to assess the requirement of extracellular calcium [( Ca2+]o) for priming of O2- responses by platelet-activating factor (PAF), PMA, or ionomycin.	Superoxides	4-14	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	66-70
1849951-4	1991	Between iron-poor and iron-saturated lactoferrin there was no difference in influence on PMN function except for a higher FMLP stimulated superoxide production by iron-saturated lactoferrin.	Superoxides	138-148	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	122-126
2038186-1	1991	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) facilitates superoxide production, and spin traps may detoxify superoxide by acting as superoxide dismutase mimics.	Superoxides	40-50	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	0-21
2038186-1	1991	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) facilitates superoxide production, and spin traps may detoxify superoxide by acting as superoxide dismutase mimics.	Superoxides	40-50	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	23-26
2038186-1	1991	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) facilitates superoxide production, and spin traps may detoxify superoxide by acting as superoxide dismutase mimics.	Superoxides	91-101	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	0-21
1652137-6	1991	Tenoxicam, added in vitro to whole blood, at concentrations ranging between 10(-5) and 3 x 10(-4) M, significantly inhibited the generation of superoxide anion induced by fMLP, A23187 and STZ.	Superoxides	143-159	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	171-175
2026245-4	1991	One monoclonal antibody successfully absorbed the entire activity of SOD detected by an inhibition assay of cypridina luciferin analog (MCLA)-dependent chemiluminescence induced by superoxide anion production, while other absorbed only a part of the SOD activity.	Superoxides	181-197	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	69-72
1850304-5	1991	The inhibitor of PK-C, H-7, has no effect on the action of C5a and only a slight effect on phorbol ester-induced up- and down-regulation of Mac-1, at a concentration that inhibits superoxide production in response to both factors by 40%.	Superoxides	180-190	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	17-21
1647553-5	1991	Thus, O2- participate in the aggregatory activity of thrombin but not collagen or ADP and PGI2 or iloprost, by reducing the sensitivity of platelets to thrombin, co-operate with SOD to inhibit thrombin-induced platelet aggregation.	Superoxides	6-8	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	53-61
1647553-5	1991	Thus, O2- participate in the aggregatory activity of thrombin but not collagen or ADP and PGI2 or iloprost, by reducing the sensitivity of platelets to thrombin, co-operate with SOD to inhibit thrombin-induced platelet aggregation.	Superoxides	6-8	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	152-160
1647553-5	1991	Thus, O2- participate in the aggregatory activity of thrombin but not collagen or ADP and PGI2 or iloprost, by reducing the sensitivity of platelets to thrombin, co-operate with SOD to inhibit thrombin-induced platelet aggregation.	Superoxides	6-8	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	178-181
1647553-5	1991	Thus, O2- participate in the aggregatory activity of thrombin but not collagen or ADP and PGI2 or iloprost, by reducing the sensitivity of platelets to thrombin, co-operate with SOD to inhibit thrombin-induced platelet aggregation.	Superoxides	6-8	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	152-160
1850207-15	1991	Our results suggest that the induction of Mn-SOD by TNF-alpha in pulmonary adenocarcinoma cells is pretranslationally mediated and that increasing Mn-SOD activity with TNF-alpha confers protection against O2 radicals.	Superoxides	205-207	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	168-177
1851125-1	1991	Neutrophil superoxide anion production was measured in healthy subjects and in patients with quiescent and active Crohn"s disease using superoxide dismutase inhibitable cytochrome C reduction.	Superoxides	11-27	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	169-181
1649133-0	1991	Effects of recombinant human IL-1 beta on production of prostaglandin E2, leukotriene B4, NAG, and superoxide by human synovial cells and chondrocytes.	Superoxides	99-109	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	29-38
1649133-4	1991	IL-1 beta significantly suppressed the release of NAG and superoxide by synovial cells, whereas it significantly enhanced the production of NAG and superoxide by chondrocytes.	Superoxides	58-68	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	0-9
1649133-4	1991	IL-1 beta significantly suppressed the release of NAG and superoxide by synovial cells, whereas it significantly enhanced the production of NAG and superoxide by chondrocytes.	Superoxides	148-158	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	0-9
1649133-6	1991	IL-6, unlike IL-1 beta, significantly suppressed the production of NAG and superoxide by synovial cells and chondrocytes.	Superoxides	75-85	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	0-4
1651364-0	1991	Interferon-gamma enhances superoxide production by HL-60 cells stimulated with multiple agonists.	Superoxides	26-36	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-16
1651364-4	1991	IFN-gamma enhanced HL-60 cell superoxide production in response to F-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP) in a concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	30-40	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-9
1651364-4	1991	IFN-gamma enhanced HL-60 cell superoxide production in response to F-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP) in a concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	30-40	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	82-86
1651364-5	1991	Following a 4-h exposure, an increase in O2- production was seen with IFN-gamma at 0.1 U/ml, with optimal priming at 100 U/ml.	Superoxides	41-43	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	70-79
1651364-7	1991	HL-60 cells cultivated with 100 U/ml IFN-gamma produced increased O2- when exposed to 25 mM NaF (containing AIF4) or 10 nM phorbol myristate acetate, agonists that trigger the respiratory burst independent of receptor stimulation.	Superoxides	66-68	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	37-46
1651364-7	1991	HL-60 cells cultivated with 100 U/ml IFN-gamma produced increased O2- when exposed to 25 mM NaF (containing AIF4) or 10 nM phorbol myristate acetate, agonists that trigger the respiratory burst independent of receptor stimulation.	Superoxides	66-68	itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase	Homo sapiens	108-112
1850243-5	1991	However, propranolol induced a similar dose-dependent inhibition of O2- generation in neutrophils stimulated with either FMLP + cytochalasin B or with 20.0 mM NaF.	Superoxides	68-70	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	121-125
1648368-1	1991	The effect of oxygen toxicity on the development of mammalian embryos was assessed by the use of superoxide dismutase (SOD), a potent scavenger of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	97-107	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	119-122
1648368-7	1991	These results suggest that active oxygen is involved in the two-cell block phenomenon in mouse embryos exposed to air and that SOD in the oviduct may play an important role in the protection of embryos from superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	207-217	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	127-130
1848978-2	1991	The order of inducing effect of metal ions on hydralazine-dependent DNA damage [Cu(II) greater than Co(II) greater than Fe(III)] was related to that of accelerating effect on the O2 consumption rate of hydralazine autoxidation.	Superoxides	179-181	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	100-106
1847915-2	1991	Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) primes human neutrophils (PMN) for enhanced superoxide (O2-) production if cells are subsequently stimulated with the chemotactic peptide, n-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP).	Superoxides	78-88	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-27
1706523-6	1991	Furthermore, fluid-phase GMP140 also inhibited the superoxide generation by neutrophils stimulated by tumor necrosis factor alpha.	Superoxides	51-61	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	102-129
1847915-2	1991	Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) primes human neutrophils (PMN) for enhanced superoxide (O2-) production if cells are subsequently stimulated with the chemotactic peptide, n-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP).	Superoxides	78-88	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	29-32
1847915-2	1991	Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) primes human neutrophils (PMN) for enhanced superoxide (O2-) production if cells are subsequently stimulated with the chemotactic peptide, n-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP).	Superoxides	78-88	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	173-193
1847915-2	1991	Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) primes human neutrophils (PMN) for enhanced superoxide (O2-) production if cells are subsequently stimulated with the chemotactic peptide, n-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP).	Superoxides	90-92	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-27
1847915-2	1991	Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) primes human neutrophils (PMN) for enhanced superoxide (O2-) production if cells are subsequently stimulated with the chemotactic peptide, n-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP).	Superoxides	90-92	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	29-32
1847915-2	1991	Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) primes human neutrophils (PMN) for enhanced superoxide (O2-) production if cells are subsequently stimulated with the chemotactic peptide, n-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP).	Superoxides	90-92	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	173-193
1847915-3	1991	fMLP activates phospholipase D to form phosphatidic acid (PA), and a correlation may exist between PA production and O2- generation in PMN.	Superoxides	117-119	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
1652585-7	1991	The DMPO-OH signal decreased on addition of superoxide dismutase, catalase, or diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, indicating that the hydroxyl radical was generated via the metal-catalyzed Haber-Weiss reaction from the superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	220-238	catalase	Homo sapiens	66-74
1647912-9	1991	The other metabolites of SASP and D-penicillamine had an indirect SSA, since they affected the O2- generating system.	Superoxides	95-97	aspartic peptidase retroviral like 1	Homo sapiens	25-29
1851508-3	1991	Monocytes from leprosy patients receiving prednisone therapy responded to lower concentrations of IFN-gamma in vitro with enhanced superoxide anion release when challenged with M. leprae or M. bovis BCG than did monocytes from healthy subjects and other leprosy patients.	Superoxides	131-147	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	98-107
1851508-5	1991	IFN-gamma treatment following in vitro dexamethasone pretreatment of monocytes from healthy subjects resulted in a greater enhancement of superoxide anion generation than that observed with IFN-gamma treatment alone.	Superoxides	138-154	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-9
1665713-1	1991	Endotoxin primes polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) for increased superoxide anion (O2-) generation in response to the chemotactic peptide, formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP).	Superoxides	85-88	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	180-184
1847718-6	1991	Superoxide release in IFN-gamma-activated cells was stimulated with f-Met-Leu-Phe, C5a, or PMA.	Superoxides	0-10	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	22-31
1847167-2	1991	Growth hormone (GH) and the GH-dependent growth promoting peptide, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), are both potent signals for priming human and porcine polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) to secrete superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	206-222	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	0-14
1847167-2	1991	Growth hormone (GH) and the GH-dependent growth promoting peptide, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), are both potent signals for priming human and porcine polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) to secrete superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	206-222	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	16-18
1847167-2	1991	Growth hormone (GH) and the GH-dependent growth promoting peptide, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), are both potent signals for priming human and porcine polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) to secrete superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	206-222	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	28-30
1847167-2	1991	Growth hormone (GH) and the GH-dependent growth promoting peptide, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), are both potent signals for priming human and porcine polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) to secrete superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	206-222	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	67-95
1847167-2	1991	Growth hormone (GH) and the GH-dependent growth promoting peptide, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), are both potent signals for priming human and porcine polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) to secrete superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	206-222	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	97-102
1847167-2	1991	Growth hormone (GH) and the GH-dependent growth promoting peptide, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), are both potent signals for priming human and porcine polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) to secrete superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	224-226	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	0-14
1847167-2	1991	Growth hormone (GH) and the GH-dependent growth promoting peptide, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), are both potent signals for priming human and porcine polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) to secrete superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	224-226	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	16-18
1847167-2	1991	Growth hormone (GH) and the GH-dependent growth promoting peptide, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), are both potent signals for priming human and porcine polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) to secrete superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	224-226	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	28-30
1847167-2	1991	Growth hormone (GH) and the GH-dependent growth promoting peptide, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), are both potent signals for priming human and porcine polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) to secrete superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	224-226	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	67-95
1847167-2	1991	Growth hormone (GH) and the GH-dependent growth promoting peptide, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), are both potent signals for priming human and porcine polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) to secrete superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	224-226	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	97-102
1847167-4	1991	As positive controls, IFN-gamma and LPS also primed both human and porcine PMN for enhanced O2- release.	Superoxides	92-94	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	22-31
1847167-10	1991	However, priming PMN by both GH and IGF-I required de novo protein synthesis, because cycloheximide completely abrogated enhanced O2- secretion that was caused by these growth factors.	Superoxides	130-132	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	29-31
1847167-10	1991	However, priming PMN by both GH and IGF-I required de novo protein synthesis, because cycloheximide completely abrogated enhanced O2- secretion that was caused by these growth factors.	Superoxides	130-132	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	36-41
1848029-2	1991	TA-3090, at 10 to 20 microM, enhanced lysozyme release and superoxide generation induced in neutrophils by n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP).	Superoxides	59-69	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	148-152
1847038-6	1991	In another group of mice, we evaluated the ability of interferon gamma to up-regulate superoxide anion release and Candida phagocytosis and killing.	Superoxides	86-102	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	54-70
1847038-8	1991	Superoxide anion production in resident and activated (lipopolysaccharide, interferon gamma, bacille Calmette-Guerin infection) peritoneal macrophages was significantly reduced in the malnourished group.	Superoxides	0-16	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	75-91
1671010-4	1991	5-ASA, SASP, and OAZ showed a dose-dependent scavenger effect in both O2-.	Superoxides	70-72	aspartic peptidase retroviral like 1	Homo sapiens	7-11
1888662-7	1991	The chemiluminescent activity due to oxygen-derived free radicals (superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-inhibitable (superoxide anion) in nonsmokers were 1215.1 +/- 91.1 and 849.3 +/- 72.3 mV min/10(6) PMN leucocytes respectively.	Superoxides	166-182	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	126-146
1888662-7	1991	The chemiluminescent activity due to oxygen-derived free radicals (superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-inhibitable (superoxide anion) in nonsmokers were 1215.1 +/- 91.1 and 849.3 +/- 72.3 mV min/10(6) PMN leucocytes respectively.	Superoxides	166-182	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	148-151
1703410-6	1991	O2- formation stimulated by complement C5a, concanavalin A, NaF, A 23187, phorbol myristate acetate and arachidonic acid was not affected by Bt2cCMP.	Superoxides	0-2	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	60-63
1846518-0	1991	Ferrous iron release from transferrin by human neutrophil-derived superoxide anion: effect of pH and iron saturation.	Superoxides	66-82	transferrin	Homo sapiens	26-37
1846518-1	1991	The ability of superoxide anion (O2-) from stimulated human neutrophils (PMNs) to release ferrous iron (Fe2+) from transferrin was assessed.	Superoxides	15-31	transferrin	Homo sapiens	115-126
1846518-1	1991	The ability of superoxide anion (O2-) from stimulated human neutrophils (PMNs) to release ferrous iron (Fe2+) from transferrin was assessed.	Superoxides	33-35	transferrin	Homo sapiens	115-126
1846518-3	1991	In contrast, incubation of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-stimulated PMNs with holosaturated transferrin at pH 7.4 enhanced the release of Fe2+ from transferrin eightfold in association with marked generation of O2-.	Superoxides	213-216	transferrin	Homo sapiens	94-105
1846518-3	1991	In contrast, incubation of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-stimulated PMNs with holosaturated transferrin at pH 7.4 enhanced the release of Fe2+ from transferrin eightfold in association with marked generation of O2-.	Superoxides	213-216	transferrin	Homo sapiens	150-161
1846518-4	1991	The release of Fe2+ was inhibited by addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD), indicating that the release of Fe2+ was dependent on PMN-derived extracellular O2-.	Superoxides	156-159	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	49-69
1846518-4	1991	The release of Fe2+ was inhibited by addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD), indicating that the release of Fe2+ was dependent on PMN-derived extracellular O2-.	Superoxides	156-159	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	71-74
1846518-7	1991	Decreasing the pH greatly facilitated the release of Fe2+ from both holosaturated transferrin and from transferrin at physiological levels of iron saturation by PMN-derived O2-.	Superoxides	173-175	transferrin	Homo sapiens	103-114
1664201-7	1991	TPTCl and DPTCl2 significantly inhibited the superoxide anion production by FMLP at concentrations over 2.5 microM in the presence of extracellular calcium.	Superoxides	45-61	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	76-80
1664201-8	1991	In the absence of extracellular calcium, TPTCl and DPTCl2 also inhibited the superoxide anion production by FMLP at concentrations over 1.5 microM TPTCl and over 5.0 microM DPTCl2.	Superoxides	77-93	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	108-112
1675571-5	1991	The adherent IFN gamma-treated cells generated more O2- than the nonadherent IFN gamma-treated cells by the stimulation with fMLP.	Superoxides	52-54	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	13-22
1675571-5	1991	The adherent IFN gamma-treated cells generated more O2- than the nonadherent IFN gamma-treated cells by the stimulation with fMLP.	Superoxides	52-54	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	125-129
1675571-7	1991	Azelastine (A-5610, CAS 58581-89-8) significantly inhibited the O2- generation from the adherent IFN gamma-treated U937 cells stimulated by fMLP or PMA in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	64-66	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	97-106
1675571-7	1991	Azelastine (A-5610, CAS 58581-89-8) significantly inhibited the O2- generation from the adherent IFN gamma-treated U937 cells stimulated by fMLP or PMA in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	64-66	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	140-144
1934147-12	1991	The experiments do not allow a decision between the two functions of SOD; the conventional action as a superoxide:superoxide oxidoreductase or as a semiquinone:superoxide oxidoreductase.	Superoxides	103-113	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	69-72
2040021-1	1991	A study has been made of factors which may influence the induction of metallothionein-I (MT-I) synthesis by the superoxide radical generating agent, paraquat (PQ).	Superoxides	112-130	metallothionein 1	Rattus norvegicus	70-87
2040021-1	1991	A study has been made of factors which may influence the induction of metallothionein-I (MT-I) synthesis by the superoxide radical generating agent, paraquat (PQ).	Superoxides	112-130	metallothionein 1	Rattus norvegicus	89-93
2060262-4	1991	These conversions were prevented by 20 mM tetrahydrofurane and partially inhibited by 300 U/ml superoxide dismutase (SOD) and, therefore, appeared to depend on cytochrome-P-450-mediated reactions and to some extent also on superoxide anion radicals.	Superoxides	223-248	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	95-115
2060262-4	1991	These conversions were prevented by 20 mM tetrahydrofurane and partially inhibited by 300 U/ml superoxide dismutase (SOD) and, therefore, appeared to depend on cytochrome-P-450-mediated reactions and to some extent also on superoxide anion radicals.	Superoxides	223-248	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	117-120
2060262-6	1991	Since this increased metabolism was abolished in the presence of SOD, it appeared to be entirely dependent on superoxide anion radicals.	Superoxides	110-135	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	65-68
1647806-2	1991	All compounds were potent inhibitors of formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP)- and platelet-activating factor (PAF)-induced superoxide anion generation, beta-glucuronidase release and Ca++ influx.	Superoxides	131-147	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	79-83
1823864-4	1991	The in vitro aldose reductase reaction, which we have shown is caused by glyceraldehyde-stimulated free-radical NADPH oxidation, is inhibited by the potential anti-cataract agents, bendazac acid and bendazac lysine; these compounds also inhibit ferricytochrome c reduction in the presence of DL-glyceraldehyde and scavenge superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	323-333	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B	Homo sapiens	13-29
1649082-3	1991	CP also exhibited some superoxide scavenging activity as evidenced by its inhibition of superoxide-dependent cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	88-98	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	109-121
1649083-2	1991	While investigating whether free superoxide was involved in this electron transfer, we discovered that superoxide dismutase (SOD) enhanced the electron transfer.	Superoxides	33-43	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	103-123
1649083-2	1991	While investigating whether free superoxide was involved in this electron transfer, we discovered that superoxide dismutase (SOD) enhanced the electron transfer.	Superoxides	33-43	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	125-128
1649096-2	1991	Crystallographic and biochemical data have been analyzed with coupled computational and computer graphic approaches to characterize the molecular basis for recognition of the superoxide anion substrate by Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	175-191	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	211-231
1649096-2	1991	Crystallographic and biochemical data have been analyzed with coupled computational and computer graphic approaches to characterize the molecular basis for recognition of the superoxide anion substrate by Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	175-191	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	233-236
1649101-6	1991	We propose that O2- may potentiate oxidant damage at inflammatory sites by boosting the myeloperoxidase-dependent production of HOCl.	Superoxides	16-18	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	88-103
1654288-0	1991	Whole blood superoxide anion generation and efficiency of some erythrocyte antioxidant systems during recombinant human erythropoietin therapy of uremic anemia.	Superoxides	12-28	erythropoietin	Homo sapiens	120-134
1663061-3	1991	Kinetic parameters for the rate of superoxide production and substrate affinity were determined via the superoxide dismutase-sensitive reduction of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	35-45	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	148-160
1666626-0	1991	Hydroxylation of phenol to hydroquinone catalyzed by a human myeloperoxidase-superoxide complex: possible implications in benzene-induced myelotoxicity.	Superoxides	77-87	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	61-76
1666626-4	1991	Here we report that phenol hydroxylation to hydroquinone is also catalyzed by human myeloperoxidase in the presence of a superoxide anion radical generating system, hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase.	Superoxides	121-145	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	84-99
1666626-10	1991	Based on these results we postulate that a myeloperoxidase-superoxide complex spontaneously rearranges to generate singlet oxygen and that this singlet oxygen is responsible for phenol hydroxylation to hydroquinone.	Superoxides	59-69	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	43-58
1672675-2	1991	Intraperitoneal superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase were used to block the toxic effects of superoxide anion (O2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), associated with the production of endometriosis and inflammation in a rabbit model.	Superoxides	96-112	catalase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	47-55
1901344-5	1991	In contrast, catalase inhibited this reaction in the presence or absence of agents that dismute superoxide anion.	Superoxides	96-112	catalase	Homo sapiens	13-21
1846014-9	1991	In contrast to the superoxide specific tests we found an inhibitory effect of fibrinogen and also serum compared to FDP-D using chemiluminescence.	Superoxides	19-29	fibrinogen beta chain	Homo sapiens	78-88
1704475-2	1991	By evaluating primed stimulation of human neutrophils, we now demonstrate that SP (10 nM-0.1 mM) dose-dependently enhances superoxide anion production from cells stimulated by the phospholipid mediator Platelet Activating Factor (PAF).	Superoxides	123-139	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	79-81
1704475-3	1991	We also provide evidence that neurokinin A (NKA), which is released, as well as SP, from C fibers of sensory nerves, potentiates PAF-evoked superoxide anion generation, while neurokinin B (NKB) is ineffective.	Superoxides	140-156	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	30-42
1704475-3	1991	We also provide evidence that neurokinin A (NKA), which is released, as well as SP, from C fibers of sensory nerves, potentiates PAF-evoked superoxide anion generation, while neurokinin B (NKB) is ineffective.	Superoxides	140-156	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	44-47
1704475-3	1991	We also provide evidence that neurokinin A (NKA), which is released, as well as SP, from C fibers of sensory nerves, potentiates PAF-evoked superoxide anion generation, while neurokinin B (NKB) is ineffective.	Superoxides	140-156	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	80-82
1846247-1	1991	Dose-dependent changes in the concentration of metallothionein-1 (MT-1) in rat tissues were determined following subcutaneous administration of paraquat (PQ), a superoxide radical-generating agent.	Superoxides	161-179	metallothionein 1	Rattus norvegicus	47-64
1846247-1	1991	Dose-dependent changes in the concentration of metallothionein-1 (MT-1) in rat tissues were determined following subcutaneous administration of paraquat (PQ), a superoxide radical-generating agent.	Superoxides	161-179	metallothionein 1	Rattus norvegicus	66-70
2176110-2	1990	Previously we have shown that a single in vivo treatment of selected X-CGD patients with interferon-gamma (INF-gamma) resulted 14 days later in near-normal levels of superoxide generation by phagocytes.	Superoxides	166-176	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	89-105
2176110-2	1990	Previously we have shown that a single in vivo treatment of selected X-CGD patients with interferon-gamma (INF-gamma) resulted 14 days later in near-normal levels of superoxide generation by phagocytes.	Superoxides	166-176	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	107-116
2176110-7	1990	By contrast, colonies derived 7 days after a single INF-gamma injection were able to generate superoxide as shown by increased NBT reduction.	Superoxides	94-104	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	52-61
2175598-0	1990	Endothelin-1 enhances superoxide generation of human neutrophils stimulated by the chemotactic peptide N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine.	Superoxides	22-32	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	0-12
1707707-20	1990	Intraperitoneal administration of a mixture of superoxide dismutase and catalase reduced detectable superoxide anion by 98% without inhibiting the writhing response to zymosan or the antinociceptive potency of paracetamol.	Superoxides	100-116	catalase	Mus musculus	72-80
2175782-6	1990	The activity of Cu,Zn-SOD, phorbol myristate acetate-induced production of O2-, and candidacidal activity were significantly lower in neutrophils from rats fed diets with less than or equal to 2.7 mg Cu/kg compared to control cells.	Superoxides	75-77	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	16-25
2122975-6	1990	Addition, during anoxia, of a 200 micrograms/ml concentration of the superoxide anion radical scavenger superoxide dismutase or of a 5 mM concentration of the iron chelator deferoxamine mesylate prevented the subsequent decrease of t-PA antigen during reoxygenation; addition of these compounds during reoxygenation had no effect.	Superoxides	69-85	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	232-236
2173701-2	1990	In this study, we analyzed the expression of genes encoding for components of the phagocyte superoxide anion-generating system in human phagocytes treated with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS).	Superoxides	92-108	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	160-176
2173701-2	1990	In this study, we analyzed the expression of genes encoding for components of the phagocyte superoxide anion-generating system in human phagocytes treated with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS).	Superoxides	92-108	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	178-187
1703610-1	1990	The superoxide radical scavenging effects of the SH group in the captopril molecule has been proposed to be the basis of the "cadioprotective" effect of this angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor in animal models of myocardial injury.	Superoxides	4-22	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	158-187
1703610-1	1990	The superoxide radical scavenging effects of the SH group in the captopril molecule has been proposed to be the basis of the "cadioprotective" effect of this angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor in animal models of myocardial injury.	Superoxides	4-22	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	189-192
2174064-2	1990	With 0.1 microM N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) stimulation, generation of IP3 and a peak rise in [Cai] occurred at 30 sec, preceding maximal O2- production (1.5 min) and the maximal rise in DAG mass (4 min).	Superoxides	157-159	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	57-61
2174064-3	1990	FMLP-induced O2- production was inhibited by pertussis toxin.	Superoxides	13-15	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
2174064-5	1990	EGTA inhibited the cytochalasin B/fMLP-induced increment in [Ca]i and O2- production by 75% and 50%, respectively, and completely ablated the response to cytochalasin B/Con A, suggesting a role for extracellular as well as intracellular calcium in the respiratory burst.	Superoxides	70-72	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	34-38
2174064-9	1990	Third, following neutrophil priming with dioctanoylglycerol (diC8), maximal O2- production occurred in response to 0.015 microM fMLP or Con A without a rise in [Ca]i, and diC8/fMLP-induced O2- production was not inhibited by EGTA.	Superoxides	76-78	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	128-132
2174064-9	1990	Third, following neutrophil priming with dioctanoylglycerol (diC8), maximal O2- production occurred in response to 0.015 microM fMLP or Con A without a rise in [Ca]i, and diC8/fMLP-induced O2- production was not inhibited by EGTA.	Superoxides	76-78	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	176-180
2174064-9	1990	Third, following neutrophil priming with dioctanoylglycerol (diC8), maximal O2- production occurred in response to 0.015 microM fMLP or Con A without a rise in [Ca]i, and diC8/fMLP-induced O2- production was not inhibited by EGTA.	Superoxides	189-191	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	128-132
2171676-1	1990	Neutrophils exhibit an intense phosphorylation of a 47 kDa protein and release large quantities of superoxide (O2-) upon stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) or fMet-Leu-Phe (fMLP).	Superoxides	99-109	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	193-197
2170529-2	1990	When human neutrophils are incubated with LPS, they become primed for enhanced release of O2- in response to stimulation by FMLP.	Superoxides	90-92	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	124-128
2170531-2	1990	Over the last few years, several studies showing that production of superoxide by neutrophils in response to chemotactic factors such as FMLP is enhanced after preincubation of the cells with granulocyte-macrophage (GM)-CSF or TNF-alpha have been published.	Superoxides	68-78	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	137-141
2170531-2	1990	Over the last few years, several studies showing that production of superoxide by neutrophils in response to chemotactic factors such as FMLP is enhanced after preincubation of the cells with granulocyte-macrophage (GM)-CSF or TNF-alpha have been published.	Superoxides	68-78	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	227-236
2170531-5	1990	Pretreatment of neutrophils with either GM-CSF or TNF-alpha dose-dependently enhanced the production of superoxide induced by NaF, as determined by the superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of ferricytochrome c.	Superoxides	104-114	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	50-59
2170531-5	1990	Pretreatment of neutrophils with either GM-CSF or TNF-alpha dose-dependently enhanced the production of superoxide induced by NaF, as determined by the superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of ferricytochrome c.	Superoxides	104-114	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	126-129
2170520-4	1990	Over a 6-day period of induction the rank order of the ability of these agents to induce expression of PMA-stimulated superoxide production was: IFN-gamma greater than 1,25(OH)2D3 greater than retinoic acid greater than DMSO.	Superoxides	118-128	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	145-154
2170521-8	1990	Additionally, 1.5 microM MBP in combination with FMLP or platelet-activating factor stimulated a synergistic increase in O2- release from cytochalasin B-treated neutrophils.	Superoxides	121-123	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	49-53
2170521-9	1990	The degree of synergism with FMLP or platelet-activating factor was inversely related (p less than 0.005) to the level of MBP-induced O2- release.	Superoxides	134-136	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	29-33
2171676-1	1990	Neutrophils exhibit an intense phosphorylation of a 47 kDa protein and release large quantities of superoxide (O2-) upon stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) or fMet-Leu-Phe (fMLP).	Superoxides	111-114	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	193-197
2171676-8	1990	Surprisingly, staurosporine (15 nM) reduced the incorporation of 32P into the 47 kDa protein in fMLP stimulated cells at least as effectively as H-7, yet, while the staurosporine treated cells released substantial amounts of O2-, the cells treated with H-7 did not.	Superoxides	225-227	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	96-100
2174208-2	1990	We used a continuous cytochrome C assay to investigate the superoxide production by human PMNs primed with TNF and subsequently stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).	Superoxides	59-69	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	107-110
2174208-6	1990	These results indicate that priming of PMNs with TNF increases superoxide production during the early phase of the respiratory burst through a shortening of the post-stimulation lag period.	Superoxides	63-73	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	49-52
1963300-0	1990	Priming effect of recombinant human interleukin-2 and recombinant human interferon-gamma on human neutrophil superoxide production.	Superoxides	109-119	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	36-49
1963300-0	1990	Priming effect of recombinant human interleukin-2 and recombinant human interferon-gamma on human neutrophil superoxide production.	Superoxides	109-119	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	72-88
1963300-1	1990	The effect of recombinant human interleukin-2 (rhIL-2) and recombinant human interferon-gamma (rhIFN-gamma) were evaluated on superoxide (O2-) production of human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs).	Superoxides	126-136	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	32-45
1963300-1	1990	The effect of recombinant human interleukin-2 (rhIL-2) and recombinant human interferon-gamma (rhIFN-gamma) were evaluated on superoxide (O2-) production of human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs).	Superoxides	126-136	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	77-93
2172157-2	1990	The generation of superoxide by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed human B lymphocytes can be stimulated by a range of compounds; receptor-dependent stimuli include tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and independent stimuli include AlF3, A21387 and ionomycin.	Superoxides	18-28	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	209-227
2172157-2	1990	The generation of superoxide by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed human B lymphocytes can be stimulated by a range of compounds; receptor-dependent stimuli include tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and independent stimuli include AlF3, A21387 and ionomycin.	Superoxides	18-28	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	229-238
2174407-9	1990	Measurement of the respiratory burst using the cytochrome c reduction assay confirmed that FN enhanced both the initial rate and total amount of superoxide anion generated by FMLP-stimulated PMNs.	Superoxides	145-161	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	91-93
2177449-2	1990	In the presence of ENOCW a 74% increased production of superoxide during the respiratory burst of TPA-activated polymorphonuclear leukocytes was observed, as compared to the unprimed control.	Superoxides	55-65	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	98-101
2177449-4	1990	Even in the presence of whole human blood, as a model for competitive binding in biological fluids, an enhanced generation of superoxide by TPA activated blood phagocytes remained detectable.	Superoxides	126-136	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	140-143
2262946-4	1990	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) are intracellular enzymes that scavenge the superoxide and hydroxyl radicals respectively.	Superoxides	90-100	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	31-39
1963300-1	1990	The effect of recombinant human interleukin-2 (rhIL-2) and recombinant human interferon-gamma (rhIFN-gamma) were evaluated on superoxide (O2-) production of human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs).	Superoxides	138-140	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	77-93
1963300-2	1990	Ten minutes incubation with rhIL-2 showed a dose-dependent enhancement of n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP)-induced O2-production of human PMNs, and the rate of enhancement reached 49.6% at the concentration of 3000 U/ml rhIL-2.	Superoxides	129-131	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	115-119
2170609-5	1990	Superoxide generation by polymorphonuclear neutrophils on stimulation with FMLP and phagocytosis of S. aureus were normal.	Superoxides	0-10	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	75-79
2262946-4	1990	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) are intracellular enzymes that scavenge the superoxide and hydroxyl radicals respectively.	Superoxides	90-100	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	41-44
2400811-5	1990	The Ca2(+)-dependent step was shown to involve protein kinase C (PK-C) in that the O2- production, but not adherence, was blocked with 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine (H-7), and PK-C was found to translocate from the cytosol to the membrane on adhesion.	Superoxides	83-85	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	47-63
2400811-5	1990	The Ca2(+)-dependent step was shown to involve protein kinase C (PK-C) in that the O2- production, but not adherence, was blocked with 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine (H-7), and PK-C was found to translocate from the cytosol to the membrane on adhesion.	Superoxides	83-85	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	65-69
2400811-5	1990	The Ca2(+)-dependent step was shown to involve protein kinase C (PK-C) in that the O2- production, but not adherence, was blocked with 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine (H-7), and PK-C was found to translocate from the cytosol to the membrane on adhesion.	Superoxides	83-85	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	192-196
2400811-6	1990	Furthermore, it may be inferred that this translocation results in the generation of a Ca2+ independent form of PK-C, PK-M, since leupeptin, which inhibits the generation of PK-M, also blocked O2- production.	Superoxides	193-195	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	112-116
2400811-7	1990	This finding was corroborated by showing that after 5 minutes in a Ca2(+)-containing buffer, enough time to initiate O2- production and PK-C translocation, Ca2+ is no longer required for sustained O2- release.	Superoxides	197-199	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	136-140
2167912-2	1990	In human neutrophils stimulated with the chemotactic peptide FMLP, adenosine agonists inhibit O2- generation and degranulation.	Superoxides	94-96	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
2167912-8	1990	In addition (R)-N-(1-methyl-2-phenylethyl)adenosine had weak inhibitory effects on superoxide production by FMLP-stimulated rat neutrophils.	Superoxides	83-93	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	108-112
2173500-2	1990	Superoxide anion generation was measured by superoxide dismutase inhibitable reduction of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	90-102
2166625-6	1990	Phagocytosis of particulate immune complexes (EAs) as well as production of superoxide (O2-) in response to EAs were inhibited by IL-4, and the inhibition was reversed by IFN.	Superoxides	76-86	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	130-134
2166625-6	1990	Phagocytosis of particulate immune complexes (EAs) as well as production of superoxide (O2-) in response to EAs were inhibited by IL-4, and the inhibition was reversed by IFN.	Superoxides	76-86	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	171-174
2166625-6	1990	Phagocytosis of particulate immune complexes (EAs) as well as production of superoxide (O2-) in response to EAs were inhibited by IL-4, and the inhibition was reversed by IFN.	Superoxides	88-90	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	130-134
2166625-6	1990	Phagocytosis of particulate immune complexes (EAs) as well as production of superoxide (O2-) in response to EAs were inhibited by IL-4, and the inhibition was reversed by IFN.	Superoxides	88-90	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	171-174
2166625-8	1990	Additive effects of IL-4 and IFN were on the other hand seen on HLA-DR and HLA-DQ expression as well as on O2- production in response to stimulation with phorbol ester (PMA).	Superoxides	107-109	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	20-32
2167153-13	1990	2,5-Dihydroxypyridine at 0.5 and 1.0 mM produced a 12- and 17-fold increase, respectively, in the rate of superoxide anion production compared to control, as monitored by the SOD-inhibitable reduction of acetylated cytochrome c.	Superoxides	106-122	cytochrome c	Nicotiana tabacum	215-227
2178158-3	1990	The pretreatment of myeloid differentiated HL-60 cells with 1-10 nM LTB4 enhanced superoxide production evoked by 100 nM formyl-methionyl-leucylphenylalanine (fMLP) to 127-137% of the controls stimulated by fMLP alone.	Superoxides	82-92	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	159-163
2178158-4	1990	A concentration eliciting a half maximal increase (EC50) of LTB4 for the enhancing effect on superoxide production evoked by fMLP was 0.32 nM.	Superoxides	93-103	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	125-129
2178158-6	1990	These results suggest that high affinity receptors transduce the enhancing effect of LTB4 on fMLP-induced superoxide production.	Superoxides	106-116	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	93-97
2178158-7	1990	Although it seems possible that enhancement of fMLP-induced superoxide production is associated with a substantial increase and/or an affinity alteration in receptors for fMLP, LTB4-pretreated cells failed to show significant changes in fMLP binding compared to non-pretreated ones.	Superoxides	60-70	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	47-51
2178158-8	1990	It seems likely that Ca2+ influx transduces enhancement of fMLP-induced superoxide production, because extracellular Ca2+ is necessary for an enhancing effect of fMLP-induced superoxide production.	Superoxides	72-82	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	59-63
2178158-8	1990	It seems likely that Ca2+ influx transduces enhancement of fMLP-induced superoxide production, because extracellular Ca2+ is necessary for an enhancing effect of fMLP-induced superoxide production.	Superoxides	175-185	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	59-63
2178158-8	1990	It seems likely that Ca2+ influx transduces enhancement of fMLP-induced superoxide production, because extracellular Ca2+ is necessary for an enhancing effect of fMLP-induced superoxide production.	Superoxides	175-185	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	162-166
2178158-9	1990	Also, EC50 of LTB4 for Ca2+ influx (0.78 nM) was similar to that of the enhancing effect of superoxide generation evoked by fMLP.	Superoxides	92-102	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	124-128
2246807-2	1990	Superoxide dismutase is an enzyme that scavanges superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	49-59	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
2166760-6	1990	Three of the synthetic peptides corresponding to residues 201-206 (CRP-III), 83-90 (CRP-IV), and 77-82 (CRP-V) of the intact protein were identified to significantly inhibit superoxide production from activated neutrophils at 50 microM whereas CRP-III and CRP-V in addition inhibited neutrophil chemotaxis at this concentration.	Superoxides	174-184	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	67-70
2166760-6	1990	Three of the synthetic peptides corresponding to residues 201-206 (CRP-III), 83-90 (CRP-IV), and 77-82 (CRP-V) of the intact protein were identified to significantly inhibit superoxide production from activated neutrophils at 50 microM whereas CRP-III and CRP-V in addition inhibited neutrophil chemotaxis at this concentration.	Superoxides	174-184	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	84-87
2166760-6	1990	Three of the synthetic peptides corresponding to residues 201-206 (CRP-III), 83-90 (CRP-IV), and 77-82 (CRP-V) of the intact protein were identified to significantly inhibit superoxide production from activated neutrophils at 50 microM whereas CRP-III and CRP-V in addition inhibited neutrophil chemotaxis at this concentration.	Superoxides	174-184	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	84-87
2166760-6	1990	Three of the synthetic peptides corresponding to residues 201-206 (CRP-III), 83-90 (CRP-IV), and 77-82 (CRP-V) of the intact protein were identified to significantly inhibit superoxide production from activated neutrophils at 50 microM whereas CRP-III and CRP-V in addition inhibited neutrophil chemotaxis at this concentration.	Superoxides	174-184	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	84-87
2166760-6	1990	Three of the synthetic peptides corresponding to residues 201-206 (CRP-III), 83-90 (CRP-IV), and 77-82 (CRP-V) of the intact protein were identified to significantly inhibit superoxide production from activated neutrophils at 50 microM whereas CRP-III and CRP-V in addition inhibited neutrophil chemotaxis at this concentration.	Superoxides	174-184	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	84-87
2383659-2	1990	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme that scavenges the superoxide anion (O2-) is constitutively expressed in leukocytes and other tissues.	Superoxides	57-73	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
2400811-8	1990	These results, in aggregate, demonstrate that neutrophils are activated by adhesion to plastic to generate O2-, a PK-C-dependent process that appears to involve a Ca2(+)-independent form of the kinase, PK-M. Why adherent neutrophils generate a respiratory burst on plastic and not fibronectin surfaces probably reflects activation of distinct receptors, whose nature must still be defined.	Superoxides	107-109	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	114-118
2400811-8	1990	These results, in aggregate, demonstrate that neutrophils are activated by adhesion to plastic to generate O2-, a PK-C-dependent process that appears to involve a Ca2(+)-independent form of the kinase, PK-M. Why adherent neutrophils generate a respiratory burst on plastic and not fibronectin surfaces probably reflects activation of distinct receptors, whose nature must still be defined.	Superoxides	107-109	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	281-292
2400811-9	1990	Another issue to address is the priming effect of adhesion, since cells adherent to plastic- or fibronectin-coated surfaces have an enhanced O2- response to formylmethionyl-leucine-phenylalanine (FMLP) compared with neutrophils stimulated in suspension.	Superoxides	141-143	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	96-107
2383659-2	1990	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme that scavenges the superoxide anion (O2-) is constitutively expressed in leukocytes and other tissues.	Superoxides	57-73	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
2383659-2	1990	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme that scavenges the superoxide anion (O2-) is constitutively expressed in leukocytes and other tissues.	Superoxides	75-77	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
2383659-2	1990	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme that scavenges the superoxide anion (O2-) is constitutively expressed in leukocytes and other tissues.	Superoxides	75-77	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
2383659-4	1990	We have found that significant induction of SOD activity occurs in PBL incubated in vitro with paraquat, an agent known to cause intracellular O2- production.	Superoxides	143-145	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	44-47
2169299-6	1990	There was a positive correlation between the lucigenin responses and the results obtained with the established cytochrome c assay for superoxide, when opsonized zymosan was used as a stimulant.	Superoxides	134-144	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	111-123
2169942-12	1990	Staurosporine at low concentrations increased the fMLP-stimulated O2- response by 100%, the maximum effect occurring at 35 nM.	Superoxides	66-68	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	50-54
2387537-1	1990	It has been speculated that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) may decrease the cytotoxicity of radiotherapy by increasing the scavenging of toxic superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	152-162	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	28-55
2387537-1	1990	It has been speculated that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) may decrease the cytotoxicity of radiotherapy by increasing the scavenging of toxic superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	152-162	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	57-66
2164811-7	1990	The reduced minus oxidised spectra of superoxide-bombarded mitochondria show that superoxide enters the electron transport chain by reducing cytochrome c and complex IV.	Superoxides	38-48	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	141-153
2164811-7	1990	The reduced minus oxidised spectra of superoxide-bombarded mitochondria show that superoxide enters the electron transport chain by reducing cytochrome c and complex IV.	Superoxides	82-92	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	141-153
2164333-5	1990	Compared to normal dense eosinophils, HE generated significantly more O2- when activated with the chemotactic peptide FMLP or opsonized zymosan; however, these differences were small.	Superoxides	70-72	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	118-122
2164258-3	1990	When given before or immediately after ischemic injury, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) reduced the amount of superoxide anions in the coronary circulation, maintained endothelial-dependent coronary relaxation, and reduced injury mediated by exogenous TNF.	Superoxides	121-138	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	56-87
2164258-3	1990	When given before or immediately after ischemic injury, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) reduced the amount of superoxide anions in the coronary circulation, maintained endothelial-dependent coronary relaxation, and reduced injury mediated by exogenous TNF.	Superoxides	121-138	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	89-97
2168825-0	1990	The effect of recombinant tumor necrosis factor-alpha on superoxide and metalloproteinase production by synovial cells and chondrocytes.	Superoxides	57-67	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	26-53
1697194-2	1990	The effects of substance P (SP), neurokinin A (NKA) and neurokinin B (NKB) were evaluated on superoxide anion (O2-.)	Superoxides	93-109	tachykinin-3	Cavia porcellus	56-68
1697194-2	1990	The effects of substance P (SP), neurokinin A (NKA) and neurokinin B (NKB) were evaluated on superoxide anion (O2-.)	Superoxides	93-109	tachykinin-3	Cavia porcellus	70-73
1697194-2	1990	The effects of substance P (SP), neurokinin A (NKA) and neurokinin B (NKB) were evaluated on superoxide anion (O2-.)	Superoxides	111-113	tachykinin-3	Cavia porcellus	70-73
1697194-8	1990	NKA and NKB were both able to induce O2-.	Superoxides	37-39	tachykinin-3	Cavia porcellus	8-11
2168825-1	1990	We studied the effect of recombinant tumor necrosis factor-alpha (rTNF-alpha) on the production of superoxide and metalloproteinase by rheumatoid synovial cells or osteoarthritis chondrocytes.	Superoxides	99-109	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	37-64
2168825-1	1990	We studied the effect of recombinant tumor necrosis factor-alpha (rTNF-alpha) on the production of superoxide and metalloproteinase by rheumatoid synovial cells or osteoarthritis chondrocytes.	Superoxides	99-109	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	66-76
2168825-2	1990	rTNF-alpha significantly inhibited superoxide generation by osteoarthritis chondrocytes and rheumatoid synovial cells at a concentration of 23 U/ml.	Superoxides	35-45	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	0-10
2168825-3	1990	On the other hand, rTNF-alpha at a concentration of 1500 U/ml significantly enhanced superoxide production by rheumatoid synovial cells, osteoarthritis synovial cells and osteoarthritis chondrocytes, respectively.	Superoxides	85-95	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	19-29
2168825-6	1990	The enhancing effect of rTNF-alpha at higher concentrations on superoxide production by rheumatoid synovial cells and osteoarthritis chondrocytes was time dependent.	Superoxides	63-73	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	24-34
2168825-7	1990	These results suggest that rTNF-alpha has a biphasic effect on superoxide and metalloproteinase production, and hence may play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory joint diseases.	Superoxides	63-73	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	27-37
1696653-3	1990	This study was designed to examine the effects of concomitant administration of superoxide radical scavenger superoxide dismutase (SOD) with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) compared to tPA alone (without SOD) in acute coronary thrombosis in anesthetized dogs.	Superoxides	80-90	tissue-type plasminogen activator	Canis lupus familiaris	141-169
1696653-3	1990	This study was designed to examine the effects of concomitant administration of superoxide radical scavenger superoxide dismutase (SOD) with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) compared to tPA alone (without SOD) in acute coronary thrombosis in anesthetized dogs.	Superoxides	80-90	tissue-type plasminogen activator	Canis lupus familiaris	171-174
1688889-3	1990	As compared with freshly isolated replicate samples, neutrophils co-cultured with human fibroblasts for 72 h exhibited augmented FMLP-stimulated superoxide production without spontaneous superoxide generation.	Superoxides	145-155	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	129-133
2159112-2	1990	Both PGE-type compounds were equipotent inhibitors of FMLP-and PAF-stimulated superoxide anion generation, beta-glucuronidase release (IC50 3-5 mumol/l) and Ca2+ influx while PGI2 and iloprost were ineffective at concentrations up to 10 mumol/l.	Superoxides	78-94	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	54-58
2155813-3	1990	As superoxide dismutase and catalase reduced the ulcerogenesis induced by diethyldithiocarbamate, the superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide were considered to play a pathogenic role in this ulcer model.	Superoxides	102-120	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	28-36
2159392-1	1990	In twelve rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, receiving only nonsteroid anti-inflammatory therapy, superoxide anion (02-) generation by polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) was assessed by Cytochrome C reduction.	Superoxides	99-115	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	188-200
1692825-1	1990	Superoxide generation in the NADPH oxidase reaction of NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase, demonstrated using the ESR spin trap, 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide, increased on the addition of lactoferrin.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	55-87
2159479-3	1990	FMLP-stimulated superoxide release by neutrophils in patients with burns was depressed for over 100 days after burn injury, whereas superoxide release by neutrophils in patients with burns stimulated with serum-opsonized zymosan was depressed for 42 days after burn injury.	Superoxides	16-26	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
2155263-10	1990	Other functional studies showed that they were primed for the secretion of superoxide ion and could be stimulated in vitro by IFN-gamma and LPS to lyse tumor target cells.	Superoxides	75-85	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	126-135
2155276-6	1990	While pentoxifylline is less potent than adenosine in its inhibition of fMLP-induced superoxide production, it is more potent in its inhibition of PMA- and beta-glucan particle-stimulated superoxide production.	Superoxides	85-95	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	72-76
2155276-7	1990	Cytochalasin B, which enhances degranulation and fMLP-stimulated superoxide production, was found to inhibit beta-glucan particle-stimulated superoxide production.	Superoxides	65-75	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	49-53
2155276-7	1990	Cytochalasin B, which enhances degranulation and fMLP-stimulated superoxide production, was found to inhibit beta-glucan particle-stimulated superoxide production.	Superoxides	141-151	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	49-53
2155277-4	1990	Formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP)-stimulated O2- release by cytochalasin B-treated PMNL was not inhibited significantly by either PMXB or H-7.	Superoxides	56-58	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	39-43
2155277-13	1990	When priming by OAG for enhanced O2- release (as opposed to direct stimulation of O2- release) in FMLP-stimulated PMNL was examined, PMXB inhibited O2- release in OAG-primed PMNL, suggesting that protein kinase C is involved in priming of PMNL by OAG.	Superoxides	33-35	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	98-102
2160133-2	1990	Coincubation of sheep platelets with sheep PMNs in the absence of thrombin resulted in a significant inhibition in basal PMN O2- production.	Superoxides	125-127	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	66-74
2160133-4	1990	Addition of alpha-thrombin or platelet activating factor (PAF) enhanced PMN O2- production but only when platelets were present.	Superoxides	76-78	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	18-26
2160133-5	1990	The enhancement of O2- production in response to thrombin was dependent upon the thrombin concentration and the platelet-PMN ratio.	Superoxides	19-21	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	49-57
2160133-5	1990	The enhancement of O2- production in response to thrombin was dependent upon the thrombin concentration and the platelet-PMN ratio.	Superoxides	19-21	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	81-89
2160133-6	1990	With a platelet: PMN ratio of 30: 1, addition of 10 nM thrombin to sheep cells resulted in a 5-fold increase in O2- production, whereas addition of 10 nM PAF caused a 2-fold increase in O2-.	Superoxides	112-114	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	55-63
2160133-8	1990	The response of human cells was similar except that both thrombin and PAF triggered a 2-fold increase in PMN O2- production in the presence of platelets.	Superoxides	109-111	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	57-65
2154955-6	1990	This indicates that SOD causes the equilibrium between semiquinone and superoxide to shift, resulting in a decrease of the semiquinone concentration.	Superoxides	71-81	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	20-23
2308398-4	1990	We tested the effect of hydrogen peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide and hydroxyl and superoxide radicals on GPX, SOD and catalase.	Superoxides	104-123	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	132-135
2308398-4	1990	We tested the effect of hydrogen peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide and hydroxyl and superoxide radicals on GPX, SOD and catalase.	Superoxides	104-123	catalase	Homo sapiens	140-148
2308398-7	1990	Catalase was inactivated by hydroxyl radicals and by superoxide anions but organic peroxides had no effect.	Superoxides	53-70	catalase	Homo sapiens	0-8
2160031-1	1990	Supernatants of human mononuclear cells cultured in the presence of LPS (LPS-MNC-SN) directly induced production of superoxide by isolated polymorphonuclear leukocytes, measured as superoxide dismutase--inhibitable cytochrome c reduction or, more sensitively, Lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence.	Superoxides	116-126	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	215-227
2366819-6	1990	The observed parallelism between the SOD activity and the cytogenetic manifestation may imply an involvement of active oxygen species, especially superoxide radicals, in the increased chromosome damage of CIS cells.	Superoxides	146-156	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	37-40
2170039-4	1990	In the absence of extracellular Ca2+, Zn2+ inhibited STZ-induced transient increase in [Ca2+]i in the concentration range that evoked a marked inhibition in the O2- generation.	Superoxides	161-163	carbonic anhydrase 2	Rattus norvegicus	88-91
1972179-3	1990	This TNF-dependent EO cytotoxicity is strongly inhibited by heparin and methyprednisolone but unaffected by the platelet-activating factor antagonist BN52012 or scavengers of superoxide anion and H2O2, superoxide dismutase and catalase.	Superoxides	175-191	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	5-8
1972179-5	1990	EOs adherent to FCS-coated plastic wells more than double their production of superoxide anion and the cytotoxic EPO-derived oxidant HOBr when exposed to TNF, showing that TNF activates the respiratory burst of EOs attached to a "physiologic" surface.	Superoxides	78-94	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	172-175
2165549-1	1990	In this study the effects of nine dihydrophenazine derivatives, relative to clofazimine (B663), on the N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (FMLP) stimulated release of superoxide anion and on the spontaneous generation of arachidonic acid by human neutrophils were investigated.	Superoxides	178-194	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	150-154
2165549-5	1990	The priming effect of the agents on FMLP stimulated superoxide generation was completely prevented by the phospholipase A2 inhibitor 4-p-bromophenacyl bromide.	Superoxides	52-62	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	36-40
2165549-5	1990	The priming effect of the agents on FMLP stimulated superoxide generation was completely prevented by the phospholipase A2 inhibitor 4-p-bromophenacyl bromide.	Superoxides	52-62	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	106-122
2165549-7	1990	It was therefore concluded that dihydrophenazine derivatives with pro-oxidative properties can prime neutrophils for FMLP-stimulated superoxide release by modulation of phospholipase A2 activity.	Superoxides	133-143	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	117-121
2165549-7	1990	It was therefore concluded that dihydrophenazine derivatives with pro-oxidative properties can prime neutrophils for FMLP-stimulated superoxide release by modulation of phospholipase A2 activity.	Superoxides	133-143	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	169-185
1701227-2	1990	SP and the C-terminal peptides SP4-11 and SP6-11 and SP6-11 (10(-6)-10(-4) M) induced the increase in ([Ca2+]i, O2- generation, and chemotaxis of the neutrophils dose--dependently, whereas the N-terminal peptides SP1-9 and SP1-4 (up to 10(-4) M) were inactive in inducing these responses.	Superoxides	112-114	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	0-2
2163140-0	1990	Modulation of human peripheral blood monocyte superoxide release by interferon-gamma and lipopolysaccharide.	Superoxides	46-56	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	68-84
2163140-3	1990	In this study, the superoxide release of cultured human peripheral blood monocytes (PBM) after exposure to IFN-gamma and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was examined.	Superoxides	19-29	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	107-116
2163140-4	1990	Compared with controls, adherent monocytes cultured with 80 units of IFN-gamma for 48 hours demonstrated fourfold increased spontaneous and twofold increased PMA stimulated release of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	184-200	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	69-78
2159692-3	1990	Superoxide-dependent cytochrome c reduction was inhibited only when captopril was preincubated with a lower concentration of cytochrome c (22 microM).	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	21-33
2159692-3	1990	Superoxide-dependent cytochrome c reduction was inhibited only when captopril was preincubated with a lower concentration of cytochrome c (22 microM).	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	125-137
2162215-12	1990	It is proposed that superoxide may potentiate oxidant damage at inflammatory sites by optimizing the myeloperoxidase-dependent production of hypochlorous acid.	Superoxides	20-30	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	101-116
2159345-5	1990	With saturating fMLP concentrations, the rate of O2- production was still about twice that in the control.	Superoxides	49-51	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	16-20
2159348-4	1990	These antagonists of PKC also cause a rapid cessation of O2- release when added to cells that are already stimulated.	Superoxides	57-59	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	21-24
2163244-8	1990	Roxithromycin and trimethoprim were efficient inhibitors of PMN superoxide generation stimulated by FMLP and concanavalin A (also inhibited by erythromycin) but had less effect on zymosan-mediated respiratory burst activity.	Superoxides	64-74	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	100-104
2163244-7	1990	Clindamycin, which enters phagocytes by the cell membrane adenosine (nucleoside) transport system, had only a modest effect on FMLP-mediated superoxide production but inhibited the microbial particle-induced response by approximately 50%.	Superoxides	141-151	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	127-131
2160283-8	1990	It is suggested that superoxide liberated from cytochrome P-450, in combination with iron, may be responsible for initiation of NADPH-dependent lipid peroxidation in human placental mitochondria.	Superoxides	21-31	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	47-63
1967034-3	1990	In contrast, chemotaxis and superoxide generation induced by FMLP and TPA were markedly reduced.	Superoxides	28-38	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
2170620-4	1990	The superoxide generation in response to FMLP decreases while the PMA response is normal.	Superoxides	4-14	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	41-45
1966640-1	1990	Our results indicate that the responsiveness of the phagocytic and intracellular killing process of peripheral blood granulocytes and peritoneal phagocytic cells in infected germfree mice is due primarily to the OCl- (hypochloride ion) with myeloperoxidase involvement, while the response in infected conventional mice is brought about mainly by the O2- (superoxide anion).	Superoxides	350-352	occludin	Mus musculus	212-215
1966640-1	1990	Our results indicate that the responsiveness of the phagocytic and intracellular killing process of peripheral blood granulocytes and peritoneal phagocytic cells in infected germfree mice is due primarily to the OCl- (hypochloride ion) with myeloperoxidase involvement, while the response in infected conventional mice is brought about mainly by the O2- (superoxide anion).	Superoxides	355-371	occludin	Mus musculus	212-215
1966643-2	1990	Despite that protection from O2- is provided by superoxide dismutase (SOD), there are controversial results about SOD-like activity of polymorhonuclear cells (PMN) in RA and there are no reports about it in BD.	Superoxides	29-31	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	48-68
1966643-2	1990	Despite that protection from O2- is provided by superoxide dismutase (SOD), there are controversial results about SOD-like activity of polymorhonuclear cells (PMN) in RA and there are no reports about it in BD.	Superoxides	29-31	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	70-73
2158315-2	1990	DBB did not generate superoxide production by itself, but enhanced the FMLP or A23187-induced superoxide production in a dose dependent manner.	Superoxides	94-104	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	71-75
2185986-5	1990	Furthermore, a combination of an intact CD11a and CD18 antibody does induce a rise in intracellular calcium and production of superoxide.	Superoxides	126-136	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	50-54
2160522-6	1990	In addition, OM-89 treatment induced marked PMA-dependent superoxide and hydrogen peroxide release by macrophages from the LPS low responder mouse strain C3H/HeJ.	Superoxides	58-68	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	123-126
2153739-8	1990	Thus, endotoxin-activated serum can prime cellular responsiveness for membrane depolarization and superoxide production in response to FMLP and to C5a.	Superoxides	98-108	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	135-139
2153739-8	1990	Thus, endotoxin-activated serum can prime cellular responsiveness for membrane depolarization and superoxide production in response to FMLP and to C5a.	Superoxides	98-108	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	147-150
2303749-5	1990	Of the various functional parameters assessed, neutrophil respiratory burst activity, as assessed by superoxide (O2-) production, was inhibited by native haptoglobin when the cells were stimulated with formylmethionyl-leucylphenylalanine (FMLP), arachidonic acid (AA), and opsonized zymosan.	Superoxides	101-111	haptoglobin	Homo sapiens	154-165
2303749-5	1990	Of the various functional parameters assessed, neutrophil respiratory burst activity, as assessed by superoxide (O2-) production, was inhibited by native haptoglobin when the cells were stimulated with formylmethionyl-leucylphenylalanine (FMLP), arachidonic acid (AA), and opsonized zymosan.	Superoxides	113-115	haptoglobin	Homo sapiens	154-165
2153125-4	1990	Thiourea also competitively inhibited the reduction of cytochrome c by the xanthine/xanthine oxidase superoxide-generating system, and the release of iron from ferritin by superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	101-111	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	55-67
2154202-0	1990	Tumor necrosis factor-alpha/cachectin activates the O2(-)-generating system of human neutrophils independently of the hydrolysis of phosphoinositides and the release of arachidonic acid.	Superoxides	52-57	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-27
2154202-0	1990	Tumor necrosis factor-alpha/cachectin activates the O2(-)-generating system of human neutrophils independently of the hydrolysis of phosphoinositides and the release of arachidonic acid.	Superoxides	52-57	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	28-37
2153108-0	1990	Kinetic studies on spin trapping of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals generated in NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase-paraquat systems.	Superoxides	36-46	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	82-114
2153108-2	1990	Electron spin resonance (ESR) studies on spin trapping of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals by 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide (DMPO) were performed in NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase-paraquat systems at pH 7.4.	Superoxides	58-68	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	152-184
2153171-0	1990	IL-4 inhibits superoxide production by human mononuclear phagocytes.	Superoxides	14-24	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	0-4
2153171-2	1990	We examined the effects of IL-4 on superoxide (O2-) production (cytochrome c reduction) by cultured M phi and the modulation of these effects by IFN-gamma and IL-1.	Superoxides	35-45	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	64-76
2153171-2	1990	We examined the effects of IL-4 on superoxide (O2-) production (cytochrome c reduction) by cultured M phi and the modulation of these effects by IFN-gamma and IL-1.	Superoxides	47-49	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	64-76
2153171-3	1990	Incubation of IL-4 (200 U/ml) with M phi inhibited M phi PMA (100 ng/ml)-stimulated O2-.	Superoxides	84-86	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	14-18
2153171-11	1990	Sequential addition of either IL-4 or IFN-gamma to cultures demonstrated reciprocal cytokine effects on M phi; IL-4 partially inhibited O2-.	Superoxides	136-138	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	111-115
2153171-14	1990	Because IL-4 has been reported to inhibit IL-1 production, add-back experiments were performed; addition of IL-1 only partly reconstituted O2-.	Superoxides	139-141	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	8-12
2153171-16	1990	Further characterization showed that although M phi protein synthesis was enhanced by both rIFN-gamma and IL-4 treatment, acid phosphatase, a marker of maturation to the macrophage phenotype, was markedly increased at an earlier time point in IL-4-treated M phi, and correlated with a decline in O2-.	Superoxides	296-298	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	106-110
2198842-3	1990	We have shown that growth hormone mimics one action of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) by augmenting the production of superoxide anion by macrophages and neutrophils.	Superoxides	116-132	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	19-33
2198842-3	1990	We have shown that growth hormone mimics one action of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) by augmenting the production of superoxide anion by macrophages and neutrophils.	Superoxides	116-132	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	55-71
2198842-3	1990	We have shown that growth hormone mimics one action of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) by augmenting the production of superoxide anion by macrophages and neutrophils.	Superoxides	116-132	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	73-82
2170242-0	1990	Ethanol-induced iron mobilization: role of acetaldehyde-aldehyde oxidase generated superoxide.	Superoxides	83-93	aldehyde oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	56-72
2170242-6	1990	Mobilization of iron due to acetaldehyde metabolism by aldehyde oxidase was completely inhibited by superoxide dismutase but not by catalase suggesting that superoxide radicals mediate mobilization.	Superoxides	100-110	aldehyde oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	55-71
1963617-3	1990	A decrease in the bleaching rates was observed upon addition of SOD or hydroxyl radical scavengers, showing that the hydrogen peroxide/Ni(II)/glycyl-glycyl-L-histidine system generated superoxide anions as well as hydroxyl radicals.	Superoxides	185-202	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	64-67
2110108-3	1990	Just as in the case of cytochrome P450-linked monooxygenations, the role of these enzymes in lipid peroxidation may be to provide two electrons for O2 reduction.	Superoxides	148-150	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	23-38
2110108-8	1990	In the latter capacity, reduced cytochrome P450 can be replaced by EDTA--Fe2+ or by the superoxide radical as generated through redox cycling of a quinone such as menadione.	Superoxides	88-106	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	32-47
2113027-2	1990	NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase gave a dynamic equilibrium of oxidation-reduction of cytochrome b5 in the presence of menadione (MK), the level of which depended on the concentration of O2 and superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	187-189	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	0-32
2160416-2	1990	Superoxide (O2) production was measured spectrophotometrically as the superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of cytochrome C.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	116-128
2160416-2	1990	Superoxide (O2) production was measured spectrophotometrically as the superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of cytochrome C.	Superoxides	12-14	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	116-128
2175283-5	1990	Superoxide dismutase and catalase decreased the rate of oxygen consumption, thus demonstrating the production of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, respectively.	Superoxides	113-123	catalase	Homo sapiens	25-33
1712001-2	1990	To determine whether NEP regulates SP-induced activation of human neutrophils, we examined the effect of the NEP inhibitor phosphoramidon on SP-induced superoxide generation and chemotaxis in human blood neutrophils.	Superoxides	152-162	membrane metalloendopeptidase	Homo sapiens	109-112
1712001-2	1990	To determine whether NEP regulates SP-induced activation of human neutrophils, we examined the effect of the NEP inhibitor phosphoramidon on SP-induced superoxide generation and chemotaxis in human blood neutrophils.	Superoxides	152-162	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	141-143
1712001-3	1990	SP (10(-6)-10(-4) M) induced superoxide generation and chemotaxis in the neutrophils dose dependently.	Superoxides	29-39	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	0-2
1712001-5	1990	Thus, phosphoramidon (10(-6) M) shifted the dose-response curves of SP-induced superoxide generation and chemotaxis of the neutrophils to the left by 0.5-0.6 log.	Superoxides	79-89	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	68-70
1966131-0	1990	Production of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide by human neutrophilic granulocytes during chemotactic migration towards f-Met-Leu-Phe, C5a, leukotriene B4, monocyte-derived chemotaxin/IL-8 and platelet-activating factor.	Superoxides	14-30	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	140-143
1966131-0	1990	Production of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide by human neutrophilic granulocytes during chemotactic migration towards f-Met-Leu-Phe, C5a, leukotriene B4, monocyte-derived chemotaxin/IL-8 and platelet-activating factor.	Superoxides	14-30	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	189-193
1966810-0	1990	Tumor necrosis factor alpha "primes" the platelet-activating factor-induced superoxide production by human neutrophils: possible involvement of G proteins.	Superoxides	76-86	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-27
1966810-2	1990	We were interested to ascertain whether superoxide generation by human PMN could be amplified by PAF following initial stimulation with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and the effect of cholera and pertussis toxin on this process.	Superoxides	40-50	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	136-157
1966810-2	1990	We were interested to ascertain whether superoxide generation by human PMN could be amplified by PAF following initial stimulation with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and the effect of cholera and pertussis toxin on this process.	Superoxides	40-50	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	159-162
1966810-5	1990	The PAF antagonists also decreased by 25% the superoxide production elicited solely by TNF, indicating that TNF-induced superoxide generation is partially mediated by a mechanism involving endogenous PAF.	Superoxides	46-56	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	87-90
1966810-5	1990	The PAF antagonists also decreased by 25% the superoxide production elicited solely by TNF, indicating that TNF-induced superoxide generation is partially mediated by a mechanism involving endogenous PAF.	Superoxides	46-56	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	108-111
2156873-0	1990	Bradykinin induces superoxide anion release from human endothelial cells.	Superoxides	19-35	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	0-10
1966810-5	1990	The PAF antagonists also decreased by 25% the superoxide production elicited solely by TNF, indicating that TNF-induced superoxide generation is partially mediated by a mechanism involving endogenous PAF.	Superoxides	120-130	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	87-90
2156873-1	1990	The time-dependent release of superoxide anion (O2-) from bradykinin (Bk)-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (EC) was measured as the superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of ferricytochrome C employing a novel application of microspectrophotometry.	Superoxides	30-46	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	58-68
1966810-5	1990	The PAF antagonists also decreased by 25% the superoxide production elicited solely by TNF, indicating that TNF-induced superoxide generation is partially mediated by a mechanism involving endogenous PAF.	Superoxides	120-130	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	108-111
2156873-1	1990	The time-dependent release of superoxide anion (O2-) from bradykinin (Bk)-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (EC) was measured as the superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of ferricytochrome C employing a novel application of microspectrophotometry.	Superoxides	30-46	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	70-72
2156873-1	1990	The time-dependent release of superoxide anion (O2-) from bradykinin (Bk)-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (EC) was measured as the superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of ferricytochrome C employing a novel application of microspectrophotometry.	Superoxides	48-50	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	58-68
2152941-2	1990	Pertussis toxin was shown to inhibit FMLP-induced superoxide generation in parallel with an inhibition of protein kinase C translocation.	Superoxides	50-60	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	37-41
2156873-1	1990	The time-dependent release of superoxide anion (O2-) from bradykinin (Bk)-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (EC) was measured as the superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of ferricytochrome C employing a novel application of microspectrophotometry.	Superoxides	48-50	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	70-72
2156873-3	1990	EC exposure to Bk (10(-6) to 10(-5) M) resulted in a rapid release of O2-.	Superoxides	70-72	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	15-17
2152941-4	1990	In that superoxide generation and protein kinase C translocation were inhibited in parallel, it is concluded that a G-protein-dependent cascade is involved in the FMLP-induced activation of protein kinase C, and this cascade may be equivalent to the pathway inducing superoxide generation.	Superoxides	8-18	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	163-167
2152941-4	1990	In that superoxide generation and protein kinase C translocation were inhibited in parallel, it is concluded that a G-protein-dependent cascade is involved in the FMLP-induced activation of protein kinase C, and this cascade may be equivalent to the pathway inducing superoxide generation.	Superoxides	267-277	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	163-167
2319907-0	1990	Prostaglandin D2 modulates human neutrophil intracellular calcium flux and inhibits superoxide release via its ring carbonyl.	Superoxides	84-94	prostaglandin D2 synthase	Homo sapiens	0-16
2166208-2	1990	The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the role of CD11b/CD18 membrane glycoproteins on superoxide release from granulocytes.	Superoxides	95-105	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	64-68
2107536-11	1990	The cloned product interferon gamma has been reported to improve superoxide generation, bactericidal activity, and immunoreactive cytochrome b in some CGD neutrophils and monocytes, both in vitro and in vivo.	Superoxides	65-75	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	19-35
33798828-2	2021	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase are among the key enzymes that maintain the low nanomolar physiological concentrations of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	161-171	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
1966810-6	1990	Pretreatment of the PMN with pertussis or cholera toxin reduced the amplification of superoxide production induced by PAF in TNF-stimulated PMN, implicating pertussis and cholera toxin-sensitive G-proteins in the amplification process.	Superoxides	85-95	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	125-128
33798828-2	2021	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase are among the key enzymes that maintain the low nanomolar physiological concentrations of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	161-171	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
33798828-2	2021	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase are among the key enzymes that maintain the low nanomolar physiological concentrations of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	161-171	catalase	Homo sapiens	28-36
34730055-7	2022	Results: CCl4- increased serum kidney function parameters, malondialdehyde level, inflammatory cytokines, and nephrotoxicity markers, while decreased certain oxidative stress indices as superoxide dismutase and glutathione refereeing to the control group (p < 0.0001).	Superoxides	186-196	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Rattus norvegicus	9-13
33761612-0	2021	Concentration/activity of superoxide dismutase isozymes and the pro-/antioxidative status, in context of type 2 diabetes and selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (genes: INS, SOD1, SOD2, SOD3) - Preliminary findings.	Superoxides	26-36	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	179-183
33761612-4	2021	Previously, we have observed that the plasma concentration/activity of superoxide dismutase isozymes differs in the context of obesity and/or rs2234694 (SOD1) and rs4880 (SOD2) and that the concentrations of SOD1, SOD2, SOD3 are correlated with each other.	Superoxides	71-81	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	153-157
33761612-4	2021	Previously, we have observed that the plasma concentration/activity of superoxide dismutase isozymes differs in the context of obesity and/or rs2234694 (SOD1) and rs4880 (SOD2) and that the concentrations of SOD1, SOD2, SOD3 are correlated with each other.	Superoxides	71-81	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	208-212
33761612-4	2021	Previously, we have observed that the plasma concentration/activity of superoxide dismutase isozymes differs in the context of obesity and/or rs2234694 (SOD1) and rs4880 (SOD2) and that the concentrations of SOD1, SOD2, SOD3 are correlated with each other.	Superoxides	71-81	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	220-224
33761612-6	2021	In this study, the variability of concentration/activity of superoxide dismutase isozymes in plasma is considered in the context of type 2 diabetes and/or SNPs: rs2234694 (SOD1), rs5746105 (SOD2), rs4880 (SOD2), rs927450 (SOD2), rs8192287 (SOD3).	Superoxides	60-70	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	172-176
33761612-6	2021	In this study, the variability of concentration/activity of superoxide dismutase isozymes in plasma is considered in the context of type 2 diabetes and/or SNPs: rs2234694 (SOD1), rs5746105 (SOD2), rs4880 (SOD2), rs927450 (SOD2), rs8192287 (SOD3).	Superoxides	60-70	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	240-244
33771701-2	2021	Increased levels of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) stimulate Nrf2 signaling, enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase.	Superoxides	140-150	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	60-64
33774064-3	2021	In this study, the effect of cadmium on SOD1, a CuZn metalloenzyme catalyzing superoxide conversion into hydrogen peroxide, has been investigated in three different biological models.	Superoxides	78-88	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	40-44
33805584-2	2021	We previously reported that intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide accumulation caused by cytoplasmic SOD (SOD1) or mitochondrial SOD (SOD2) insufficiency, induced p53 activation in cells.	Superoxides	83-93	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	134-138
33805584-2	2021	We previously reported that intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide accumulation caused by cytoplasmic SOD (SOD1) or mitochondrial SOD (SOD2) insufficiency, induced p53 activation in cells.	Superoxides	83-93	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	162-166
33804845-8	2021	Suppression of NOX activity by apocynin or elimination of superoxide by superoxide dismutase decreased TNFalpha expression, which was induced by the AhR ligand.	Superoxides	58-68	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	103-111
33804845-8	2021	Suppression of NOX activity by apocynin or elimination of superoxide by superoxide dismutase decreased TNFalpha expression, which was induced by the AhR ligand.	Superoxides	58-68	aryl-hydrocarbon receptor	Mus musculus	149-152
33809405-7	2021	The drug strongly attenuated the rise in vascular oxidative stress (superoxide anion) induced by AngII, and decreased the expression of inflammatory markers, as well as the recruitment of macrophages (MAC3+), lymphocytes (CD3+), and neutrophils (ELANE+) into the vessel wall.	Superoxides	68-84	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	97-102
33809716-1	2021	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an enzyme that catalyzes the dismutation of two superoxide anions (O2 -) into hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and oxygen (O2) and is generally known to protect against oxidative stress.	Superoxides	78-95	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	22-25
33799869-14	2021	The reduction of serum levels of high-sensitive cardiac troponin T hs cTnT and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), then significantly decreased levels of serum homocysteine Hcy, urea, and creatinine, and decreased levels of myocardial injury enzymes activities superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) as well as lower grades of cardiac ischemic changes were demonstrated in ISO-induced MI treated with 4"-ClDzp.	Superoxides	266-276	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	108-117
33233182-4	2020	Moreover, the relative expression of critical genes including superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase involved in the metabolism of reactive oxygen species (ROS) increased, resulting in enhanced antioxidant capacity in wounded broccoli.	Superoxides	62-72	catalase	Homo sapiens	96-104
33798828-2	2021	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase are among the key enzymes that maintain the low nanomolar physiological concentrations of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	161-171	catalase	Homo sapiens	38-41
25634994-2	2015	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EcSOD) is an antioxidant enzyme that catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide in the extracellular environment.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-41
25634994-8	2015	Overexpression of EcSOD in PDA cell lines resulted in decreased invasiveness that appeared to be related to reactions of superoxide with nitric oxide.	Superoxides	121-131	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	18-23
25634994-10	2015	Overexpression of EcSOD or treatment with a superoxide-specific SOD mimic caused significant decreases in PDA cell invasive capacity.	Superoxides	44-54	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	18-23
25634994-11	2015	CONCLUSIONS: These results support the hypothesis that loss of EcSOD leads to increased reactions of superoxide with nitric oxide, which contributes to the invasive phenotype.	Superoxides	101-111	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	63-68
24578389-12	2015	Reactive oxygen species excess, via NAD(P)H oxidase activation, induces the endothelial nitric oxide synthase uncoupling, which in turn generates superoxide and impairs NO production.	Superoxides	146-156	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	76-109
19015977-3	2009	Ligand binding to LacCer activates Lyn, resulting in neutrophil functions, such as superoxide generation and migration.	Superoxides	83-93	LYN proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	35-38
18278872-11	2008	Our results show that CBS may represent a previously unrecognized source of cytosolic superoxide radical.	Superoxides	86-104	cystathionine beta-synthase	Homo sapiens	22-25
12149231-8	2002	Collectively, these data suggest that neutrophils are characterized by the presence of cell surface LacCer-enriched glycosphingolipid signaling domain coupled with Lyn and that the ligand binding to LacCer induces the activation of Lyn, which may be suppressibly regulated by cholesterol, leading to superoxide generation through the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase-, p38 MAPK-, and protein kinase C-dependent signal transduction pathway.	Superoxides	300-310	LYN proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	232-235
34775001-2	2022	There is a growing body of evidence from both pre-clinical studies and human cohorts indicating that reactive oxygen species, such as the superoxide radical anion and hydrogen peroxide are key players in the development of insulin resistance.	Superoxides	138-162	insulin	Homo sapiens	223-230
34968705-0	2022	Mitochondrial superoxide targets energy metabolism to modulate epigenetic regulation of NRF2-mediated transcription.	Superoxides	14-24	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	88-92
34917185-2	2022	Elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), a major pro-inflammatory cytokine, are involved in endothelial cell activation of medium and large arteries, leading to increased endothelial permeability, generation of superoxide anion radical and hydrogen peroxide, and decreased availability of nitric oxide (NO).	Superoxides	230-254	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	19-46
34617335-2	2022	We report herein an enzyme therapeutic based on superoxide dismutase and catalase for effective mitigation of IRI and pathogen-induced liver injury, affording provides a therapeutic for organ transplantation and other diseases.	Superoxides	48-58	catalase	Homo sapiens	73-81
34917185-2	2022	Elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), a major pro-inflammatory cytokine, are involved in endothelial cell activation of medium and large arteries, leading to increased endothelial permeability, generation of superoxide anion radical and hydrogen peroxide, and decreased availability of nitric oxide (NO).	Superoxides	230-254	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	48-57
34826531-6	2022	Meanwhile, Au NS exhibited enhanced ROS scavenging efficiency of hydrogen peroxides and superoxide, which was helpful to restrain the activity of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors beta (PPARbeta) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), thereby reducing HSCs proliferation to enhance HSCs inactivation efficacy.	Superoxides	88-98	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	211-234
34784723-8	2022	Using this model, pretreatment of aortic rings with inhibitors, receptor agonists/antagonists, or removal of the endothelium, systematically uncovered an endothelium-mediated, Ang II receptor-2-mediated and superoxide-mediated enhancing effect of 12(S)-HETE on Ang II constrictions.	Superoxides	207-217	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	261-267
34784723-14	2022	12(S)-HETE, acting on the BLT2, contributes to the hypertensive action of Ang II in part by promoting endothelial synthesis of a superoxide-derived TP agonist.	Superoxides	129-139	leukotriene B4 receptor 2	Mus musculus	26-30
34784723-14	2022	12(S)-HETE, acting on the BLT2, contributes to the hypertensive action of Ang II in part by promoting endothelial synthesis of a superoxide-derived TP agonist.	Superoxides	129-139	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	74-80
34826531-6	2022	Meanwhile, Au NS exhibited enhanced ROS scavenging efficiency of hydrogen peroxides and superoxide, which was helpful to restrain the activity of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors beta (PPARbeta) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), thereby reducing HSCs proliferation to enhance HSCs inactivation efficacy.	Superoxides	88-98	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	236-239
34946608-5	2021	The results from brain-to-body weight ratio, morphology, lipid peroxidation, brain urea, ascorbic acid, reduced glutathione, sodium, and enzyme alterations (aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), catalase, and superoxide dismutase) suggested alterations by CCL4 and a significant reversal of these parameters by quercetin.	Superoxides	237-247	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Rattus norvegicus	284-288
34954022-6	2022	Here we showed that after an initial decrease in oxygen consumption paralleled by a moderate increase in superoxide anion levels, AntiOxCIN4 led to a time-dependent Nrf2 translocation to the nucleus.	Superoxides	105-121	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	165-169
34930834-5	2021	Stopped-flow experiments confirmed that Cygb rapidly dismutates superoxide with rates within an order of magnitude of Cu,Zn-SOD or Mn-SOD.	Superoxides	64-74	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	118-127
34958560-5	2021	Furthermore, HSA-Mn3O4 effectively releases Mn ions and promotes the increase of superoxide dismutase 2 activity.	Superoxides	81-91	albumin	Homo sapiens	13-16
34467607-13	2021	Nuclear translocation of Nrf2 results in transactivation of antioxidant enzymes including glutathione peroxidase, hemeoxygenase-1, and superoxide dismutase in gestational cells during pregnancy.	Superoxides	135-145	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	25-29
34881324-5	2021	Superoxide anion (O2 -) production was determined from the rate of reduction of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	80-92
34517018-8	2021	High levels of the phosphorylated monomeric superoxide anion-generating endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, decreased soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) activity, and high levels of 3-nitrotyrosine were observed in HCM.	Superoxides	44-60	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	72-105
34517018-8	2021	High levels of the phosphorylated monomeric superoxide anion-generating endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, decreased soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) activity, and high levels of 3-nitrotyrosine were observed in HCM.	Superoxides	44-60	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	107-111
34801863-3	2021	Here, we demonstrate that moderate mitochondrial superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production oxidates KEAP1, thus breaking the interaction between this protein and PGAM5, leading to the inhibition of its proteasomal degradation.	Superoxides	49-59	kelch like ECH associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	102-107
34618923-5	2021	ZmNAC49 enhances oxidative stress tolerance in maize, and it also reduces superoxide anion generation and increases superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity.	Superoxides	74-90	NAC domain-containing protein 2	Zea mays	0-7
34638028-3	2021	Herein we focus on two enzymes that are key to the biosynthesis of superoxide and nitric oxide, NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), respectively.	Superoxides	67-77	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	123-156
34638028-3	2021	Herein we focus on two enzymes that are key to the biosynthesis of superoxide and nitric oxide, NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), respectively.	Superoxides	67-77	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	158-162
34899284-5	2021	CCl4 induced a downregulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and melonaldehyde (MDA).	Superoxides	33-43	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
34824234-1	2021	The activity of nanomaterials (NMs) in catalytically scavenging superoxide anions mimics that of superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	64-81	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	97-117
34824234-1	2021	The activity of nanomaterials (NMs) in catalytically scavenging superoxide anions mimics that of superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	64-81	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	119-122
34801863-7	2021	Together, our results show that KEAP1/PGAM5 complex senses mitochondrially generated superoxide/hydrogen peroxide to induce mitophagy.	Superoxides	85-95	kelch like ECH associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	32-37
34768798-8	2021	alpha-TC accumulating plants produced more methylated proline- and glycine- betaines, and showed greater activity of superoxide dismutase than gamma-TC deficient plants.	Superoxides	117-127	centroradiali	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-8
34829655-5	2021	Results showed that Ang II increased superoxide and Iba-1 (microgliosis marker: ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule (1) levels in the NTS of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs).	Superoxides	37-47	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	20-26
34829655-6	2021	The AT1R II inhibitor, losartan, significantly decreased BP and abolished superoxide, Iba-1, TLR4 expression induced by Ang II.	Superoxides	74-84	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	120-126
34829655-9	2021	These results imply an important link between neurotoxicity and superoxides wherein abnormal increases in NTS endogenous mu-opioids promote the interaction between Ang II and muOR, the binding of Ang II to AT1R, and the activation of microglia.	Superoxides	64-75	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	164-170
34829635-2	2021	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), a key antioxidant enzyme involved in the detoxification of superoxide radicals, could represent a reliable marker to monitor the antioxidant defences in OSA.	Superoxides	87-97	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
34829635-2	2021	Superoxide dismutase (SOD), a key antioxidant enzyme involved in the detoxification of superoxide radicals, could represent a reliable marker to monitor the antioxidant defences in OSA.	Superoxides	87-97	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
34790195-5	2021	Furthermore, loss of Nlrx1 results in a diminished ability to generate superoxide and/or generic reactive oxygen species during specific responses to fungal PAMPs, conidia, and hyphae.	Superoxides	71-81	NLR family member X1	Homo sapiens	21-26
34702513-7	2021	In addition, we design the first platform that combines NO-generating and superoxide radical scavenging properties by encapsulating a natural enzyme, superoxidase dismutase (SOD), into ZnO/ZIF-8 particles, which holds great promise towards combinatorial therapy.	Superoxides	74-92	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	150-172
34702513-7	2021	In addition, we design the first platform that combines NO-generating and superoxide radical scavenging properties by encapsulating a natural enzyme, superoxidase dismutase (SOD), into ZnO/ZIF-8 particles, which holds great promise towards combinatorial therapy.	Superoxides	74-92	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	174-177
34769076-5	2021	SEPHS1 deficiency in 2H11 cells resulted in the accumulation of superoxide and lipid peroxide, and reduction in nitric oxide.	Superoxides	64-74	selenophosphate synthetase 1	Mus musculus	0-6
34769076-6	2021	Superoxide accumulation in Sephs1-knockout 2H11 cells is due to the induction of xanthine oxidase and NADPH oxidase activity, and due to the decrease in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and 3 (SOD3).	Superoxides	0-10	selenophosphate synthetase 1	Mus musculus	27-33
34769076-6	2021	Superoxide accumulation in Sephs1-knockout 2H11 cells is due to the induction of xanthine oxidase and NADPH oxidase activity, and due to the decrease in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and 3 (SOD3).	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	153-175
34769076-6	2021	Superoxide accumulation in Sephs1-knockout 2H11 cells is due to the induction of xanthine oxidase and NADPH oxidase activity, and due to the decrease in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and 3 (SOD3).	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	177-181
34769076-10	2021	This study shows for the first time that superoxide was accumulated by SEPHS1 deficiency, leading to cell dysfunction through DNA damage and inhibition of cell proliferation.	Superoxides	41-51	selenophosphate synthetase 1	Mus musculus	71-77
34770929-5	2021	Additionally, the antioxidant action was quantified through the superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity, using a protocol based on the inhibitory effect of SOD on the reduction of nitrobluetetrazolium (NBT) by the superoxide anion generated by the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system.	Superoxides	215-231	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	64-84
34770929-5	2021	Additionally, the antioxidant action was quantified through the superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity, using a protocol based on the inhibitory effect of SOD on the reduction of nitrobluetetrazolium (NBT) by the superoxide anion generated by the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system.	Superoxides	215-231	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	86-89
34770929-5	2021	Additionally, the antioxidant action was quantified through the superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity, using a protocol based on the inhibitory effect of SOD on the reduction of nitrobluetetrazolium (NBT) by the superoxide anion generated by the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system.	Superoxides	215-231	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	157-160
34768760-5	2021	We demonstrated that the expression of antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutases SOD1 and SOD2) were elevated in EAE rat brains.	Superoxides	62-72	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	84-88
34737697-8	2021	The protective effects of SFI in the SOD1-G93A mice were associated with decreasing the level of malondialdehyde (p < 0.05) and increasing the levels of superoxide dismutase (p < 0.05), Nrf2 (p < 0.05), heme oxygenase-1 (p < 0.05), and glutathione S-transferase (p < 0.05) in the SOD1-G93A mice.	Superoxides	153-163	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	37-41
34721028-6	2021	Treatment with the extract (12.5, 25, and 50 mug/ml) prevented Ang II-induced increases in cell size, NADPH oxidase activity, B-type natriuretic peptide levels, and reactive oxygen species and reductions in superoxide dismutase activity.	Superoxides	207-217	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	63-69
34733852-5	2021	The PGC1a-driven metabolic adaptations with increased electron transport chain activity and superoxide levels are essential for metastasis in several cancer models.	Superoxides	92-102	PPARG coactivator 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	4-9
34638478-6	2021	Consistently, in high miR-27a-/low FOXJ3-expressing cells, mitochondria are functionally characterized by lower superoxide production, respiration capacity, and membrane potential, as evaluated by OCR assays and confocal microscopy.	Superoxides	112-122	forkhead box J3	Mus musculus	35-40
34387320-7	2021	SP also reduced CCl4-induced oxidative stress by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase and glutathione content, and inhibiting lipid peroxidation products and nitric oxide levels in the rat liver.	Superoxides	131-141	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Rattus norvegicus	16-20
34639006-7	2021	Using gene co-expression and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analyses, we identified complex I subunits NDUFS6 and NDUFA11 as RORalpha targets that mediated its function in suppressing superoxide generation in mitochondria.	Superoxides	190-200	NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit S6	Homo sapiens	109-115
34608922-6	2021	This, resulted in the inhibition of the TLR4-NF-kappaB pathway in the peritoneum of DN mice by regulating inflammation, while stimulating the production of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reducing the production of cytokine (IL-6, TNF-alpha) and malondialdehyde (MDA).	Superoxides	156-166	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	40-44
34608922-6	2021	This, resulted in the inhibition of the TLR4-NF-kappaB pathway in the peritoneum of DN mice by regulating inflammation, while stimulating the production of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reducing the production of cytokine (IL-6, TNF-alpha) and malondialdehyde (MDA).	Superoxides	156-166	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	45-54
34646422-10	2021	Meanwhile, beta3-AR stimulation inhibited superoxide anion production and decreased NADPH oxidase activity.	Superoxides	42-58	cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, alpha polypeptide 3	Mus musculus	11-16
34596045-5	2021	Moreover, decrease in lipid peroxides by glutathione peroxidase-4 or superoxide by mitochondrial SOD, failed to influence HIF1alpha protein stability.	Superoxides	69-79	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	97-100
34478853-8	2021	Furthermore, superoxide anion promoted ET-1-mediated pulmonary artery contraction.	Superoxides	13-29	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	39-43
34552579-8	2021	Meanwhile, MIF ingestion reduced (p < 0.05) the colonic interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) concentrations and increased the superoxide dismutase and catalase activities and Shannon and Simpson indices in DSS-challenged mice.	Superoxides	193-203	macrophage migration inhibitory factor (glycosylation-inhibiting factor)	Mus musculus	11-14
34502464-3	2021	Dysfunctional endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) produces superoxide anion (O2- ) and contributes to the establishment of a pro-oxidant environment in melanoma.	Superoxides	64-80	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	14-47
34502464-3	2021	Dysfunctional endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) produces superoxide anion (O2- ) and contributes to the establishment of a pro-oxidant environment in melanoma.	Superoxides	64-80	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	49-53
34270373-6	2021	Furthermore, Ang II-induced increased levels of superoxide anion (O2-) and NADPH oxidase activity and increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and AKT that are implicated in enhanced expression of Gialpha proteins and hyperproliferation of VSMC were also attenuated to control levels by silencing of Sirt1.	Superoxides	48-64	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	13-19
34572316-7	2021	We also showed that PiB inhibited TNFalpha + fMLP-induced superoxide production, confirming the effect of juglone.	Superoxides	58-68	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	34-42
34572316-7	2021	We also showed that PiB inhibited TNFalpha + fMLP-induced superoxide production, confirming the effect of juglone.	Superoxides	58-68	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	45-49
34183377-0	2021	The inactivation of human aldehyde oxidase 1 by hydrogen peroxide and superoxide.	Superoxides	70-80	aldehyde oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	26-44
34183377-5	2021	Since hAOX1 and in particular some natural variants not only produce H2O2, but also high amounts of superoxide, we investigated the effect of both ROS molecules on the enzymatic activity of hAOX1 in more detail.	Superoxides	100-110	aldehyde oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	6-11
34183377-5	2021	Since hAOX1 and in particular some natural variants not only produce H2O2, but also high amounts of superoxide, we investigated the effect of both ROS molecules on the enzymatic activity of hAOX1 in more detail.	Superoxides	100-110	aldehyde oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	190-195
34183377-7	2021	We show that the inactivation of the hAOX1 wild type enzyme is mainly based on the production of hydrogen peroxide, while for the variant L438V both hydrogen peroxide and superoxide contribute to the time-dependent inactivation of the enzyme during turnover.	Superoxides	171-181	aldehyde oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	37-42
34572995-6	2021	In WT hearts, AngII infusion increased significantly the levels of superoxide production, the expressions of Nox subunits, the expression of PKCalpha and C-Src and the activation of ASK1 (apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1), MKK3/6, ERK1/2, p38 MAPK and JNK signalling pathways together with an elevated expression of apoptotic markers, i.e., gammaH2AX and p53 in the cardiomyocytes.	Superoxides	67-77	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	14-19
34497345-7	2021	Further analysis revealed that TAZ might restore mitochondrial function, as indicated by the increase in ATP level, mtDNA copy number and mitochondrial membrane potential with the reduction in mitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	207-217	tafazzin, phospholipid-lysophospholipid transacylase	Homo sapiens	31-34
34197898-6	2021	Furthermore, metformin upregulated PGC-1alpha, the master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and key antioxidant molecules, including glutathione and superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	153-163	PPARG coactivator 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	35-45
34330026-4	2021	The mechanism of SPC activation by CuFeS2 was elucidated, which was discovered to be a multiple reactive oxygen species (multi-ROS) process with the coexistence of hydroxyl radical ( OH), carbonate radical (CO3 -), superoxide radical (O2 -), and singlet oxygen (1O2), as evidenced by quenching experiments and electron spin resonance (ESR) tests.	Superoxides	215-233	surfactant protein C	Homo sapiens	17-20
34144024-4	2021	Briefly, epsilon-viniferin specifically inhibited fMLP (0.1 muM: formyl peptide receptor 1 agonist or 1 muM: formyl peptide receptor 1, 2 agonist)-induced superoxide anion production in a concentration-dependent manner (IC50=2.30+-0.96 or 9.80+-0.21 muM, respectively) without affecting this induced by formyl peptide receptor 2 agonist (WKYMVM).	Superoxides	155-171	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	65-90
34380313-6	2021	In the presence of stronger acids, the activity of the complex containing pendent relays becomes O2 dependent, implying a shift to Co(III)-superoxide protonation as the rate-determining step.	Superoxides	139-149	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase III	Homo sapiens	131-138
34380313-8	2021	EPR spectroscopic studies indicate the formation of Co(III)-superoxide species in the presence of exogenous base, with greater O2 reactivity observed in the presence of the pendent -OMe groups.	Superoxides	60-70	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase III	Homo sapiens	52-59
34440932-3	2021	COL-3"s inhibitory effects on TNF-alpha were reproduced by the tetracycline antibiotic doxycycline (DOX; 50 microM), the glucocorticoid dexamethasone, and apocynin (APO), an inhibitor of the superoxide-producing enzyme NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	191-201	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	30-39
34197940-4	2021	miR-210-5p overexpression suppressed Sp1 and HSCARG expression, and the knockdown of SP1 and HSCARG inhibited NOX expression and superoxide production in macrophages.	Superoxides	129-139	NmrA like redox sensor 1	Homo sapiens	93-99
34144024-4	2021	Briefly, epsilon-viniferin specifically inhibited fMLP (0.1 muM: formyl peptide receptor 1 agonist or 1 muM: formyl peptide receptor 1, 2 agonist)-induced superoxide anion production in a concentration-dependent manner (IC50=2.30+-0.96 or 9.80+-0.21 muM, respectively) without affecting this induced by formyl peptide receptor 2 agonist (WKYMVM).	Superoxides	155-171	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	109-134
34144024-9	2021	ATPgammaS induced superoxide anion production through formyl peptide receptor 1 in fMLP desensitized neutrophils and this effect was inhibited by epsilon-viniferin.	Superoxides	18-34	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	54-79
34440716-2	2021	The reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NADPH oxidase, NOX) is the source of superoxide and relates to the crucial intracellular pathology and physiology of vascular smooth muscle cells, including contraction, proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammatory response.	Superoxides	110-120	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	20-71
34439467-4	2021	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EcSOD) is an antioxidant enzyme that catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide anion (O2-) in the extracellular environment.	Superoxides	102-118	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	0-34
34439467-4	2021	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EcSOD) is an antioxidant enzyme that catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide anion (O2-) in the extracellular environment.	Superoxides	102-118	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-41
34320345-7	2021	In macrophages, oxalate induces mitochondrial dysfunction and superoxide accumulation, leading to increased CCL5.	Superoxides	62-72	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5	Mus musculus	108-112
34320345-8	2021	Conversely, AGXT overexpression in Apoe-/- mice increases the glycine/oxalate ratio and decreases aortic superoxide, CCL5, and atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	105-115	alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase	Mus musculus	12-16
34320345-8	2021	Conversely, AGXT overexpression in Apoe-/- mice increases the glycine/oxalate ratio and decreases aortic superoxide, CCL5, and atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	105-115	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	35-39
34294688-8	2021	In addition, expressing mitochondria-targeted ER-beta in breast cancer cells resulted in decreased mitochondrial respiration alongside increased total ROS and mitochondrial superoxide production.	Superoxides	173-183	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	46-53
34266485-1	2021	BACKGROUND: Superoxide dismutase (SOD), a central component of the antioxidant defence system of most organisms, removes excess superoxide anions by converting them to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	128-145	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	34-37
34356358-0	2021	Quercetin Alleviates the Accumulation of Superoxide in Sodium Iodate-Induced Retinal Autophagy by Regulating Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Homeostasis through Enhanced Deacetyl-SOD2 via the Nrf2-PGC-1alpha-Sirt1 Pathway.	Superoxides	41-51	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	185-189
34356358-0	2021	Quercetin Alleviates the Accumulation of Superoxide in Sodium Iodate-Induced Retinal Autophagy by Regulating Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Homeostasis through Enhanced Deacetyl-SOD2 via the Nrf2-PGC-1alpha-Sirt1 Pathway.	Superoxides	41-51	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	198-202
34439319-1	2021	Treatment of cancers with beta-lapachone causes NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) to generate an unstable hydroquinone that regenerates itself in a futile cycle while producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the form of superoxide and subsequently hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	229-239	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	48-81
34439319-1	2021	Treatment of cancers with beta-lapachone causes NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) to generate an unstable hydroquinone that regenerates itself in a futile cycle while producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the form of superoxide and subsequently hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	229-239	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	83-87
34439484-2	2021	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3) is an enzyme that processes superoxide radicals and has been shown to facilitate vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and nitric oxide (NO) signaling in vascular endothelium.	Superoxides	70-80	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	36-40
33433488-5	2021	The inhibition of P2X7R, using A438079 (100 mg/kg, intraperitoneal), reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 2 (NOX2) expression and malondialdehyde generation, increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione/oxidized glutathione levels, and alleviated neurological damage, brain edema, and apoptosis after intracellular hemorrhage.	Superoxides	191-201	purinergic receptor P2X, ligand-gated ion channel, 7	Mus musculus	18-23
34077894-6	2021	The Ang II-induced increases in superoxide generation, inflammation and apoptosis in cultured CFs were strikingly prevented by lutein.	Superoxides	32-42	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	4-10
34196493-3	2021	Herein, a biocompatible -Cu-O-Zn- bimetallic covalent doped carbon dots (CuZn-CDs) processing both catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase activities are reported, mainly because of their abundant electrons and the excellent electron transfer abilities.	Superoxides	118-128	catalase	Homo sapiens	99-107
34196493-3	2021	Herein, a biocompatible -Cu-O-Zn- bimetallic covalent doped carbon dots (CuZn-CDs) processing both catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase activities are reported, mainly because of their abundant electrons and the excellent electron transfer abilities.	Superoxides	118-128	catalase	Homo sapiens	109-112
34436247-2	2021	Among the isolated compounds, compounds 2-3 remarkably suppressed fMLP-induced superoxide anion generation by human neutrophils, with IC50 values of 31.68 +- 2.53, and 33.52 +- 0.42 muM, respectively.	Superoxides	79-95	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	66-70
34356605-7	2021	What is particularly important is the fact that hypoxia contributes to the depletion of cofactor BH4 and deficiency of substrate L-Arg, and thus elicits eNOS uncoupling-a state in which the enzyme produces superoxide instead of NO.	Superoxides	206-216	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	153-157
34089389-7	2021	The levels of NADPH oxidase (Nox) activity, superoxide anions and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were increased, and the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was reduced in Ang II-treated CFs, which were reversed by alarin.	Superoxides	44-61	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	179-185
34209813-7	2021	The effects on oxidative stress and interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression were assessed in ATDC5 cells using superoxide measurement, qPCR, ELISA, and Western blotting.	Superoxides	103-113	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	51-55
34825014-0	2021	Etching of AuNPs Through Superoxide Radical Dismutation by Cu-Zn Superoxide Dismutase Resulted in Remarkable Changes of its Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance.	Superoxides	25-35	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	59-85
34825014-2	2021	The primary function of SOD is the removal of produced radical species like superoxide ions in different physiological processes.	Superoxides	76-86	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	24-27
34825014-10	2021	Results: Superoxide radicals generated from the enzymatic reaction would preferentially etch AuNPs and resulted in remarkable changes of localized surface plasmon resonance of AuNPs, which is reduced in the presence of SOD.	Superoxides	9-19	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	219-222
34825014-13	2021	According to the presented result, it may be concluded that by scavenging of free superoxide radicals in the presence of SOD, the amount of AuNP absorbance can be replenished.	Superoxides	82-92	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	121-124
35114419-8	2022	Furthermore, cardiac-specific AC4 gene expression attenuated mitochondrial dysfunction, superoxide accumulation and cardiomyocyte apoptotic cell death.	Superoxides	88-98	adenylate cyclase 4	Homo sapiens	30-33
34176927-1	2021	Previous studies demonstrated that superoxide could initiate and amplify LDH-catalyzed hydrogen peroxide production in aqueous phase, but its physiological relevance is unknown.	Superoxides	35-45	lactate dehydrogenase A	Homo sapiens	73-76
34176927-2	2021	Here we showed that LDHA and LDHB both exhibited hydrogen peroxide-producing activity, which was significantly enhanced by the superoxide generated from the isolated mitochondria from HeLa cells and patients" cholangiocarcinoma specimen.	Superoxides	127-137	lactate dehydrogenase A	Homo sapiens	20-24
34163154-4	2021	Furthermore, we determined the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD-1) and superoxide anion radical.	Superoxides	43-53	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	65-70
34163574-4	2021	One of the important functions of PARP-1 and PARylation is its deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair function, which plays a pivotal role in the DNA damage response and prevention of DNA damage maintaining the redox homeostasis involved in the regulation of oxidation and superoxide.	Superoxides	269-279	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	34-40
34071003-1	2021	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a major antioxidant enzyme for superoxide removal, and cytoplasmic SOD (SOD1) is expressed as a predominant isoform in all cells.	Superoxides	61-71	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	22-25
34069420-11	2021	Therefore, we infer that ablation of Selenbp1 elicits oxidative stress caused by increased levels of superoxide anions, which alters lipid metabolism via the Pparalpha pathway.	Superoxides	101-118	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Mus musculus	158-167
34164520-14	2021	We detected that NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1), a superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase, is negatively regulated by Fbxw7.	Superoxides	43-53	F-box and WD repeat domain containing 7	Homo sapiens	107-112
34178992-6	2021	Mitochondrial activity generates reactive oxygen species, and, with APOE4, there were higher mitochondrial superoxide levels, lower levels of antioxidants related to heme and glutathione and higher markers/outcomes of oxidative damage to proteins and lipids.	Superoxides	107-117	apolipoprotein E	Homo sapiens	68-73
34199863-8	2021	Our results indeed indicated higher superoxide levels in Arsa-/- TGCs, compared with WT TGCs.	Superoxides	36-46	arylsulfatase A	Mus musculus	57-61
34177153-6	2021	Higher gene expression and enzyme activities were exhibited by superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase besides the gene expression of trehalose biosynthetic pathway enzymes.	Superoxides	63-73	peroxidase 1	Zea mays	98-108
34064664-7	2021	Exposure to Ang II increased cell surface area, intracellular superoxide anion level, NADPH oxidase and inducible nitric oxide synthase activities, and reduced cellular superoxide dismutase activity and nitrite level, which were similarly reversed by both rutin and quercetin.	Superoxides	62-78	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	12-18
34064664-7	2021	Exposure to Ang II increased cell surface area, intracellular superoxide anion level, NADPH oxidase and inducible nitric oxide synthase activities, and reduced cellular superoxide dismutase activity and nitrite level, which were similarly reversed by both rutin and quercetin.	Superoxides	169-179	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	12-18
35405255-9	2022	In addition, specific enzyme reaction tests were used to detect the content of acetylcholine (ACh) and malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as the activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), monoamine oxidase (MAO) in the brain.	Superoxides	249-259	butyrylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	184-205
35569521-0	2022	Larixol inhibits fMLP-induced superoxide anion production and chemotaxis by targeting the betagamma subunit of Gi-protein of fMLP receptor in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	30-46	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	17-21
35569521-5	2022	Briefly, larixol inhibited fMLP (0.1 muM)-induced superoxide anion production (IC50:1.98 +- 0.14 muM), the release of cathepsin G (IC50:2.76 +- 0.15 muM) and chemotaxis in a concentration-dependent manner; however, larixol did not inhibit these functions induced by PMA (100 nM).	Superoxides	50-66	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	27-31
35569521-12	2022	These results suggest that larixol modulated fMLP-induced neutrophils superoxide anion production, chemotaxis, and granular releases by interrupting the interaction of the betagamma subunits of Gi-protein with downstream signaling of the fMLP receptor.	Superoxides	70-86	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	45-49
35487118-8	2022	Our results showed that the overexpression of miR-542-3p in GCEECs transfected with miR-542-3p mimics resulted in decreased (P < 0.05) antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT).	Superoxides	168-178	catalase	Capra hircus	209-212
35525311-5	2022	Moreover, it can upregulate the phosphorylation level of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in mice immunosuppressed by CY, increase the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and decrease the level of malondialdehyde (MDA).	Superoxides	217-227	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	62-65
35238901-6	2022	We observed that Gclm-/- oocytes have increased oxidative stress, primarily in the form of mitochondrial superoxide and decreased subcortical mitochondrial clusters.	Superoxides	105-115	glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit	Homo sapiens	17-21
35114419-11	2022	In conclusion, cardiac-specific AC4 gene expression protects against Klotho deficiency-induced heart failure through increasing cardiomyocytic cAMP levels, which alleviates cAMP-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction, superoxide accumulation and apoptotic cell death.	Superoxides	215-225	adenylate cyclase 4	Homo sapiens	32-35
35114419-12	2022	AC4 regulates superoxide levels via the cAMP-PKA pathway.	Superoxides	14-24	adenylate cyclase 4	Homo sapiens	0-3
35339753-6	2022	LPS + IFNgamma stimuli reduced superoxide anion levels by accelerating its conversion into hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) while IL4+IL13 decreased H2O2 release rates.	Superoxides	31-47	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	6-14
35339753-6	2022	LPS + IFNgamma stimuli reduced superoxide anion levels by accelerating its conversion into hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) while IL4+IL13 decreased H2O2 release rates.	Superoxides	31-47	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	122-125
35609009-3	2022	CGA antioxidant effects mediated through the Nrf2-heme oxygenase-1 signaling pathway were shown to enhance the levels of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione-S-transferases, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase as well as glutathione content.	Superoxides	149-159	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	45-49
35623546-8	2022	Mechanistically, we found aorta of G6PDS188F as compared to WT rats produced less sustained contraction and less inositol-1,2,3-phosphate (IP3) and superoxide in response to Ang-II.	Superoxides	148-158	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	174-180
35543349-5	2022	Besides, alcohol-induced oxidative stress in the liver was significantly ameliorated by the dietary intervention of GAA through decreasing the hepatic levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and increasing hepatic activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), and hepatic levels of glutathione (GSH).	Superoxides	269-279	glucosidase, alpha, acid	Mus musculus	116-119
35624865-7	2022	In stretched macrophages, H2S prevented MIP-2 release by limiting nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase-derived superoxide radicals (ROS).	Superoxides	126-145	chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2	Mus musculus	40-45
35628328-12	2022	Inhalative H2S also reduced the heat shock response including heme oxygenase (HO-1) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP-70) and the expression of radical scavengers such as superoxide dismutases (SOD1, SOD2) and catalase.	Superoxides	168-178	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	191-195
35455460-7	2022	Furthermore, exposure to AO increased more efficiently than OO and CO in both organs, peroxisomal antioxidant capacity via induction of catalase (Cat) gene, protein and activity expression levels, and superoxide dismutase (Sod1) mRNA and activity levels.	Superoxides	201-211	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	223-227
35394023-3	2022	Mitochondrial (mt)ROS, as the superoxide anion (O2.-) generated during mitochondrial respiration, are eliminated in the young organism by antioxidant defense mechanisms, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) 2, whose expression and activity are decreased in aging mesenchymal progenitor cells, accompanied by increased mtROS production.	Superoxides	30-46	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	180-208
35581738-3	2022	The mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme, superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), converts superoxide radicals into less reactive H2 O2 .	Superoxides	78-88	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	38-60
35581738-3	2022	The mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme, superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), converts superoxide radicals into less reactive H2 O2 .	Superoxides	78-88	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	62-66
35276443-2	2022	Here, we report a novel small chemical compound (LMH001, MW = 290.079), by blocking phosphorylated p47phox interaction with p22phox, inhibited effectively angiotensin II (AngII)-induced endothelial Nox2 activation and superoxide production at a small dose (IC50 = 0.25 muM) without effect on peripheral leucocyte oxidative response to pathogens.	Superoxides	218-228	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	155-169
35276443-2	2022	Here, we report a novel small chemical compound (LMH001, MW = 290.079), by blocking phosphorylated p47phox interaction with p22phox, inhibited effectively angiotensin II (AngII)-induced endothelial Nox2 activation and superoxide production at a small dose (IC50 = 0.25 muM) without effect on peripheral leucocyte oxidative response to pathogens.	Superoxides	218-228	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	171-176
35123243-0	2022	Disposable superoxide dismutase biosensors based on gold covered polycaprolactone fibers for the detection of superoxide in cell culture media.	Superoxides	110-120	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	11-31
35453469-5	2022	Mitochondrial overproduction of superoxide anion radicals induces, via inhibition of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, an increased polyol pathway flux, increased formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGE) and activation of the receptor for AGE (RAGE), activation of protein kinase C isoforms, and an increased hexosamine pathway flux.	Superoxides	32-48	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	85-125
35453469-5	2022	Mitochondrial overproduction of superoxide anion radicals induces, via inhibition of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, an increased polyol pathway flux, increased formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGE) and activation of the receptor for AGE (RAGE), activation of protein kinase C isoforms, and an increased hexosamine pathway flux.	Superoxides	32-48	renin binding protein	Homo sapiens	217-220
35453469-5	2022	Mitochondrial overproduction of superoxide anion radicals induces, via inhibition of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, an increased polyol pathway flux, increased formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGE) and activation of the receptor for AGE (RAGE), activation of protein kinase C isoforms, and an increased hexosamine pathway flux.	Superoxides	32-48	renin binding protein	Homo sapiens	257-260
35447940-8	2022	Moreover, the expression of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD1 and SOD2) in CA1-3 pyramidal cells were gradually and significantly reduced after ischemia.	Superoxides	52-62	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	74-78
35624792-1	2022	The superoxide dismutase (SOD) family functions as a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging system by converting superoxide anions into hydrogen peroxide in the cytosol (SOD1), mitochondria (SOD2), and extracellular matrix (SOD3).	Superoxides	115-132	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	4-24
35624792-1	2022	The superoxide dismutase (SOD) family functions as a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging system by converting superoxide anions into hydrogen peroxide in the cytosol (SOD1), mitochondria (SOD2), and extracellular matrix (SOD3).	Superoxides	115-132	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	26-29
35624792-1	2022	The superoxide dismutase (SOD) family functions as a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging system by converting superoxide anions into hydrogen peroxide in the cytosol (SOD1), mitochondria (SOD2), and extracellular matrix (SOD3).	Superoxides	115-132	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	172-176
35624792-1	2022	The superoxide dismutase (SOD) family functions as a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging system by converting superoxide anions into hydrogen peroxide in the cytosol (SOD1), mitochondria (SOD2), and extracellular matrix (SOD3).	Superoxides	115-132	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	226-230
35158163-6	2022	TNFalpha induced mitochondrial superoxide generation from neutrophils and monocytes, myeloperoxidase (MPO)-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) from neutrophils, and nitric oxide from lymphocytes and monocytes.	Superoxides	31-41	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-8
35158163-7	2022	Inhibition of mitochondrial superoxide prevented oxidative modification and proteolysis of fibrinogen, whereas inhibition of MPO attenuated only fibrinogen proteolysis.	Superoxides	28-38	fibrinogen beta chain	Homo sapiens	91-101
35158163-9	2022	Collectively, these findings indicate that neutrophil and monocyte mitochondrial superoxide generation can rapidly oxidize fibrinogen as a priming step for fibrinogen proteolysis and coagulopathy during inflammation.	Superoxides	81-91	fibrinogen beta chain	Homo sapiens	123-133
35158163-9	2022	Collectively, these findings indicate that neutrophil and monocyte mitochondrial superoxide generation can rapidly oxidize fibrinogen as a priming step for fibrinogen proteolysis and coagulopathy during inflammation.	Superoxides	81-91	fibrinogen beta chain	Homo sapiens	156-166
35123243-1	2022	A novel and disposable biosensor based on superoxide dismutase (SOD) immobilized on gold metallized polycaprolactone electrospun polymeric fibers (PCl/Au) has been developed for the determination of superoxide (O2 -) in cell culture media.	Superoxides	199-209	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	42-62
35123243-1	2022	A novel and disposable biosensor based on superoxide dismutase (SOD) immobilized on gold metallized polycaprolactone electrospun polymeric fibers (PCl/Au) has been developed for the determination of superoxide (O2 -) in cell culture media.	Superoxides	199-209	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	64-67
35432728-18	2022	More importantly, ABP could regulate TREM2 activation in the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3beta pathway to inhibit neuronal apoptosis, including increasing the expression of superoxide dismutase and lactate dehydrogenase and decreasing the expression of malondialdehyde.	Superoxides	158-168	glutamate receptor interacting protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	18-21
35464721-6	2022	GSL and GSN were shown to inhibit lipid peroxidation and increase the contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in human keratinocytes (HaCaTs).	Superoxides	82-92	cathepsin A	Homo sapiens	0-3
35384052-12	2022	AT1 R inhibition abolished the rise in serum calcium and phosphorus and normalized serum superoxide dismutase and catalase.	Superoxides	89-99	angiotensin II receptor, type 1b	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
35444640-4	2022	Blockage treatments of soluble P-selectin, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and Nlrp3 inflammasome inhibitors markedly suppressed such adverse effects, suggesting ND-induced platelet activation and pyroptosis involves surface P-selectin-mediated enhancement of mitochondrial superoxide levels and Nlrp3 inflammasome activation.	Superoxides	273-283	selectin, platelet	Mus musculus	224-234
35045271-6	2022	Administration of the mitochondrial superoxide scavenger mitoTEMPO during hyperoxia suppressed ATF4 and thus early AT2 cell proliferation, but it had no effect on normative AT2 cell proliferation seen on PND7.	Superoxides	36-46	activating transcription factor 4	Mus musculus	95-99
35189109-1	2022	Arsenite, a well-established human carcinogen and toxic compound, promotes the formation of mitochondrial superoxide (mitoO2-.) via a Ca2+-dependent mechanism, in which an initial stimulation of the inositol 1, 4, 5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) is followed by the activation of the ryanodine receptor (RyR), critical for providing Ca2+ to the mitochondria.	Superoxides	106-116	ryanodine receptor 2	Homo sapiens	283-301
35189109-1	2022	Arsenite, a well-established human carcinogen and toxic compound, promotes the formation of mitochondrial superoxide (mitoO2-.) via a Ca2+-dependent mechanism, in which an initial stimulation of the inositol 1, 4, 5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) is followed by the activation of the ryanodine receptor (RyR), critical for providing Ca2+ to the mitochondria.	Superoxides	106-116	ryanodine receptor 2	Homo sapiens	303-306
35247490-4	2022	More importantly, the nanocarrier could enhance the cascade reaction between SOD and CAT, which converts the superoxide anion to oxygen.	Superoxides	109-125	catalase	Mus musculus	85-88
35321878-5	2022	In comparison with the full-length PSMalpha2, we show that the peptide in which the N-terminal part of PSMalpha2 was replaced by fMet-Ile-Phe-Leu (an FPR1-selective peptide agonist) potently activates both FPRs for production of superoxide anions and beta-arrestin recruitment.	Superoxides	229-246	proteasome 20S subunit alpha 2	Homo sapiens	103-112
35453299-2	2022	While the exact causes of ALS are still unclear, the discovery that familial cases of ALS are related to mutations in the Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1), a key antioxidant enzyme protecting cells from the deleterious effects of superoxide radicals, suggested that alterations in SOD1 functionality and/or aberrant SOD1 aggregation strongly contribute to ALS pathogenesis.	Superoxides	231-241	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	150-154
35331893-3	2022	This RAC2 deficiency is characterized by severe phagocyte defects including defective superoxide formation, adhesion and chemotaxis deficiency.	Superoxides	86-96	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	5-9
35326667-5	2022	Molecularly, stressed cancer cells increase mitochondrial superoxide production, which activates the transforming growth factor-beta pathway through src directly within mitochondria, ultimately activating focal adhesion kinase Pyk2.	Superoxides	58-68	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	101-132
35326667-5	2022	Molecularly, stressed cancer cells increase mitochondrial superoxide production, which activates the transforming growth factor-beta pathway through src directly within mitochondria, ultimately activating focal adhesion kinase Pyk2.	Superoxides	58-68	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	149-152
35433098-5	2022	RESULTS: MLT was able to reduce the release of liver enzymes in the bloodstream and to decrease oxidative stress in CCl4 treated rats by decreasing the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and increasing superoxide dismutase activity, with a lower reduction in serum zinc levels, guaranteeing a reduction in liver damage; additionally, it increased the expression of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 and decreased the expression of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1.	Superoxides	216-226	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Rattus norvegicus	116-120
35281592-4	2022	The superoxide radicals are removed by superoxide dismutase (SOD), a key antioxidant enzyme.	Superoxides	4-14	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	39-59
35281592-4	2022	The superoxide radicals are removed by superoxide dismutase (SOD), a key antioxidant enzyme.	Superoxides	4-14	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	61-64
34845157-9	2022	ANG II changed the protein/gene expression of COXs, HIF-1alpha and VEGF and significantly increased GPx4 and EC-SOD antioxidative enzyme expression, decreased systemic oxidative stress, decreased superoxide/ROS levels and increased nitric oxide bioavailability in the vascular wall.	Superoxides	196-206	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
34999424-0	2022	Reaction of a {Co(NO)}8 complex with superoxide: Formation of a six coordinated (CoII(NO)(O2-)) species followed by peroxynitrite intermediate.	Superoxides	37-47	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	81-85
35464768-9	2022	Patients with resistance to long-acting EPO have a significantly lower hemoglobin concentration in the blood, hematocrit values, and serum concentration of prealbumin and vitamin D, as well as significantly higher concentration of C-reactive protein, superoxide anion, and hydrogen peroxide concentration than those without resistance.	Superoxides	251-267	erythropoietin	Homo sapiens	40-43
35515703-1	2022	Vitamin B12 (B12) is an essential co-factor for two enzymes in mammalian metabolism and can also act as a mimetic of superoxide dismutase (SOD) converting superoxide (O2  -) to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	155-165	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	117-137
35515703-1	2022	Vitamin B12 (B12) is an essential co-factor for two enzymes in mammalian metabolism and can also act as a mimetic of superoxide dismutase (SOD) converting superoxide (O2  -) to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	155-165	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	139-142
35066373-4	2022	Studies of these systems in cells reveal that some SOD mimics, designed to react directly with superoxide, may also indirectly enhance the cellular antioxidant arsenal.	Superoxides	95-105	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	51-54
35099759-2	2022	Owing to their enzymatic activities, artificial nanozymes not only serve as responsive carriers to load drugs and therapeutic molecules for cancer treatment, but also act as enzymes for modulating the immunosuppression of the tumor microenvironment (TME) via the catalytic activities of catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and oxidase.	Superoxides	309-319	catalase	Homo sapiens	287-295
35347544-8	2022	The NQO1 exhibit suppression of chemical-mediated carcinogenesis by various properties of NQO1 which includes, detoxification of quinone scavenger of superoxide anion radical, antioxidant enzyme, protein stabilizer.	Superoxides	150-174	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	4-8
35347544-8	2022	The NQO1 exhibit suppression of chemical-mediated carcinogenesis by various properties of NQO1 which includes, detoxification of quinone scavenger of superoxide anion radical, antioxidant enzyme, protein stabilizer.	Superoxides	150-174	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	90-94
35392289-6	2022	Oxidative stress markers (ROS, mitochondrial superoxide, and NADPH oxidase) and the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) were modulated through the activation of Nrf2 signaling.	Superoxides	45-55	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	193-197
35360751-2	2022	Activity of extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD), the only extracellular enzyme eliminating superoxide radicals, has been reported to decline in acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD).	Superoxides	98-108	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	12-46
35360751-2	2022	Activity of extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD), the only extracellular enzyme eliminating superoxide radicals, has been reported to decline in acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD).	Superoxides	98-108	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	48-53
35253266-9	2022	The abundance of antioxidant defence genes, superoxide dismutase (SOD1) and catalase, were greater (p < 0.05) but that of a proinflammatory gene, interleukin 1beta, was lower (p < 0.05) in the hypothalamus of pigs fed INU.	Superoxides	44-54	superoxide dismutase 1	Sus scrofa	66-70
35090876-9	2022	Conversely, reactive oxygen species production and malondialdehyde and superoxide activity indicated that the AGE + POSTN group decreased oxidative injury.	Superoxides	71-81	renin binding protein	Homo sapiens	110-113
35199130-8	2022	The uncoupled eNOS does not produce NO but produces superoxide.	Superoxides	52-62	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	14-18
35177224-14	2022	Cyclooxygenase-2 seems to be a downstream mediator between protease-activated receptor 1 and RhoA kinase because aspirin inhibits the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B and inhibits neutrophil production of superoxide, thromboxane, and tumor necrosis factor alpha.	Superoxides	220-230	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	0-16
35204309-1	2022	SOD1 is the major superoxide dismutase responsible for catalyzing dismutation of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen.	Superoxides	81-91	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
35205334-4	2022	This study aimed to evaluate changes in IL-6 concentration and the concentration/activity of superoxide dismutase isoenzymes (SOD1, SOD2, and SOD3) in the blood of patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) in terms of rs1800795 polymorphism in the IL6 gene.	Superoxides	93-103	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	126-130
35205334-4	2022	This study aimed to evaluate changes in IL-6 concentration and the concentration/activity of superoxide dismutase isoenzymes (SOD1, SOD2, and SOD3) in the blood of patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) in terms of rs1800795 polymorphism in the IL6 gene.	Superoxides	93-103	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	142-146
35125733-2	2022	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) has been commonly identified as dismutase enzyme catalyzes the conversion of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide and elemental oxygen, and could serve as an important biomarker in this direction.	Superoxides	104-114	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
35125733-2	2022	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) has been commonly identified as dismutase enzyme catalyzes the conversion of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide and elemental oxygen, and could serve as an important biomarker in this direction.	Superoxides	104-114	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
35100468-8	2022	Alb-NC exerted an antioxidant activity by increasing glutathione levels (%change: +94%+-25%; p=0.01), superoxide dismutase (+17%+-4%; p=0.02), and catalase activity (51%+-23%; p=0.03), reducing the occurrence of mtDNA4977 deletion (-67.2%+-11%; p=0.03), but did not affect cytokine release.	Superoxides	102-112	albumin	Homo sapiens	0-3
35164215-6	2022	ROS such as hydrogen peroxide and the superoxide anion introduce chemical changes virtually in all cellular components, causing deleterious effects on the islets of beta-cells, in turn affecting insulin production.	Superoxides	38-54	insulin	Homo sapiens	195-202
35079639-9	2022	Our result suggests that the oligomeric states of Nox5, mediated by its DH domain and CaM, may be important for its superoxide-generating activity.	Superoxides	116-126	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	86-89
35095880-4	2021	Those cells also showed aberrant levels of mitochondrial superoxide and lipid peroxidation, both hallmarks of the oxidative stress response, which strongly correlated with caspase-1 activity.	Superoxides	57-67	caspase 1	Homo sapiens	172-181
2556475-6	1989	Production of superoxide anion by IFN-gamma treated U-937 cells was stimulated by My 43 but not by other IgM mAb recognizing myeloid cells.	Superoxides	14-30	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	34-43
34969852-1	2022	Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (Sod1) is a highly conserved and abundant antioxidant enzyme that detoxifies superoxide (O2  -) by catalyzing its conversion to dioxygen (O2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	104-114	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-26
34969852-1	2022	Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (Sod1) is a highly conserved and abundant antioxidant enzyme that detoxifies superoxide (O2  -) by catalyzing its conversion to dioxygen (O2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	104-114	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
34983301-10	2022	PDIA3 silencing increased cell viability, and reduced oxidative stress and inflammation, as evidenced by the decreased levels of reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6, and increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity.	Superoxides	215-225	protein disulfide isomerase family A member 3	Homo sapiens	0-5
35271779-1	2022	Superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3), one of SOD isozymes, maintains extracellular redox homeostasis through the dismutation reaction of superoxide.	Superoxides	130-140	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	0-22
35271779-1	2022	Superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3), one of SOD isozymes, maintains extracellular redox homeostasis through the dismutation reaction of superoxide.	Superoxides	130-140	superoxide dismutase 3	Homo sapiens	24-28
35271779-1	2022	Superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3), one of SOD isozymes, maintains extracellular redox homeostasis through the dismutation reaction of superoxide.	Superoxides	130-140	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	38-41
2559488-5	1989	Cytosolic calcium shifts were measured with the quin2 method, PMN aggregation was assayed in an aggregometer, and superoxide production was quantitated as superoxide dismutase inhibitable cytochrome c reduction in a continuous assay.	Superoxides	114-124	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	188-200
2561589-8	1989	Both phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and FMLP-induced superoxide release by PMN are diminished significantly in the presence of this inhibitory factor (p less than 0.01 for PMA and p less than 0.05 for FMLP).	Superoxides	54-64	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	41-45
2557783-4	1989	PMN obtained from asthmatic patients generated significantly more superoxide in response to f-met-leu-phe (fMLP) than controls (2.94 +/- 55 nmol/5 x 10(5) PMN/5 min versus 1.38 +/- 0.35 at 2 x 10(-8) M fMLP and 3.81 +/- 0.68 nmol versus 2.04 +/- 0.45 nmol at 10(-7) M; p less than 0.01 for both).	Superoxides	66-76	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	107-111
2557783-6	1989	At 10(-6) M, 2-chloroadenosine induced a 19.5 +/- 5.1% inhibition of fMLP-stimulated superoxide production in PMN from patients with asthma as compared to 55.6 +/- 24.6% inhibition in PMN from control subjects (p less than 0.01).	Superoxides	85-95	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	69-73
2605312-5	1989	The results provide new insight to the interactions between SOD and its substrate superoxide.	Superoxides	82-92	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	60-63
2557829-0	1989	Superoxide generation is inhibited by phospholipase A2 inhibitors.	Superoxides	0-10	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	38-54
2557829-2	1989	The stimulation of O2.- generation by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) in human neutrophil-derived cytoplasts was inhibited by a variety of phospholipase A2 inhibitors in a concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	19-21	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	145-161
2557829-6	1989	The results suggest that arachidonic acid, released by phospholipase A2, is necessary for both the activation and the maintenance of O2.- generation by the NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	133-135	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	55-71
2561589-8	1989	Both phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and FMLP-induced superoxide release by PMN are diminished significantly in the presence of this inhibitory factor (p less than 0.01 for PMA and p less than 0.05 for FMLP).	Superoxides	54-64	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	202-206
2557013-0	1989	Influence of superoxide on myeloperoxidase kinetics measured with a hydrogen peroxide electrode.	Superoxides	13-23	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	27-42
2557013-12	1989	Above pH 6.5, O2.- generated by xanthine oxidase and acetaldehyde prevented H2O2 from inhibiting myeloperoxidase, increasing the initial rate of H2O2 uptake.	Superoxides	14-16	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	97-112
2561443-0	1989	Superoxide--driven oxidation of quercetin and a simple sensitive assay for determination of superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	92-112
2557013-13	1989	O2.- allowed myeloperoxidase to function optimally with 100 microM-H2O2 at pH 7.0.	Superoxides	0-2	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	13-28
2561443-1	1989	Oxidation of quercetin at pH 10 was shown to be a free radical chain reaction involving superoxide and hence inhibitable by superoxide dismutase (SOD) (EC 1.15.1.1).	Superoxides	88-98	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	124-144
2557013-14	1989	This occurred because, as previously demonstrated, O2.- prevents Compound II from accumulating by reducing it to ferric myeloperoxidase.	Superoxides	51-53	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	120-135
2561443-1	1989	Oxidation of quercetin at pH 10 was shown to be a free radical chain reaction involving superoxide and hence inhibitable by superoxide dismutase (SOD) (EC 1.15.1.1).	Superoxides	88-98	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	146-149
2557013-16	1989	We propose that by generating O2.- neutrophils prevent H2O2 and other one-electron donors from inhibiting myeloperoxidase, and ensure that this enzyme functions optimally at neutral pH.	Superoxides	30-32	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	106-121
2574700-6	1989	Superoxide release from fMLP + CB stimulated neutrophils was also inhibited slightly by 5ASA (50 microM) by 35.6% and by sulphasalazine (50 microM) by 7.9%.	Superoxides	0-10	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	24-28
2621284-3	1989	One substrate molecule (superoxide radical) binds copper ion in active center of SOD, and the second superoxide radical interacts with a peripheral region of the enzyme.	Superoxides	24-42	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	81-84
2480329-7	1989	In addition, SP enhanced FMLP-stimulated superoxide anion production by neutrophils in a dose-dependent fashion.	Superoxides	41-57	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	13-15
2480329-7	1989	In addition, SP enhanced FMLP-stimulated superoxide anion production by neutrophils in a dose-dependent fashion.	Superoxides	41-57	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	25-29
2480329-8	1989	Neutrophils preincubated with medium or 7.5 x 10(-5) M SP and then stimulated with 10(-7) M FMLP produced 7.9 +/- 2.7 and 29.9 +/- 3.7 nmol superoxide anion/10(6) cells, respectively.	Superoxides	140-156	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	55-57
2480329-8	1989	Neutrophils preincubated with medium or 7.5 x 10(-5) M SP and then stimulated with 10(-7) M FMLP produced 7.9 +/- 2.7 and 29.9 +/- 3.7 nmol superoxide anion/10(6) cells, respectively.	Superoxides	140-156	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	92-96
2621284-3	1989	One substrate molecule (superoxide radical) binds copper ion in active center of SOD, and the second superoxide radical interacts with a peripheral region of the enzyme.	Superoxides	101-119	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	81-84
2554058-2	1989	Recent evidence suggests that the adenine compounds ATP, adenosine-5"-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (ATP gamma S), and adenosine have important regulatory effects on O2- responses of human neutrophils stimulated with the chemotactic peptide N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP).	Superoxides	159-161	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	256-260
2554058-6	1989	The ability of the adenine compounds to modify O2- responses in fMLP-stimulated cells was equivalent in both neutrophils and cytoplasts, suggesting that the regulatory effect of ATP, ATP gamma S, and adenosine do not require the presence of cytoplasmic granules.	Superoxides	47-49	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	64-68
2554951-4	1989	Thirteen of 15 samples from patients in the acute phase of Lassa fever profoundly inhibited the amount of superoxide generated by normal neutrophils in response to the chemotactic peptide, f-met-leu-phe (FMLP) (mean superoxide generated = 54.7 +/- 6.1% of control).	Superoxides	106-116	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	204-208
2553491-6	1989	The augmentation in DAG generation correlated with an enhancement by GM-CSF of superoxide generation in response to fMLP.	Superoxides	79-89	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	116-120
2551966-6	1989	The formation of the stimulatory receptor units was determined by quantitating the rate of superoxide anion production through its reduction of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	91-107	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	144-156
2554951-4	1989	Thirteen of 15 samples from patients in the acute phase of Lassa fever profoundly inhibited the amount of superoxide generated by normal neutrophils in response to the chemotactic peptide, f-met-leu-phe (FMLP) (mean superoxide generated = 54.7 +/- 6.1% of control).	Superoxides	216-226	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	204-208
2561625-5	1989	The treatment of the nonadherent cells with 0.1-1000 U/ml of Interferon (IFN-gamma) for 24 hours resulted in a dose dependent increase in superoxide generation.	Superoxides	138-148	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	73-82
2550367-7	1989	Enhanced fungicidal activity by PB-PMNs from mice treated for 5 h with 25,000 U of IFN correlated with an increased release of superoxide anion (O2-) in vitro after stimulation of PB-PMNs with phorbol ester; normal PB-PMNs and IFN-activated PB-PMNs, respectively, produced 2.2 +/- 2.5 and 23.5 +/- 4.8 nmol of O2- per 10(6) PB-PMNs per 30 min (P less than 0.005).	Superoxides	127-143	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	83-86
2550367-7	1989	Enhanced fungicidal activity by PB-PMNs from mice treated for 5 h with 25,000 U of IFN correlated with an increased release of superoxide anion (O2-) in vitro after stimulation of PB-PMNs with phorbol ester; normal PB-PMNs and IFN-activated PB-PMNs, respectively, produced 2.2 +/- 2.5 and 23.5 +/- 4.8 nmol of O2- per 10(6) PB-PMNs per 30 min (P less than 0.005).	Superoxides	127-143	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	227-230
2550367-7	1989	Enhanced fungicidal activity by PB-PMNs from mice treated for 5 h with 25,000 U of IFN correlated with an increased release of superoxide anion (O2-) in vitro after stimulation of PB-PMNs with phorbol ester; normal PB-PMNs and IFN-activated PB-PMNs, respectively, produced 2.2 +/- 2.5 and 23.5 +/- 4.8 nmol of O2- per 10(6) PB-PMNs per 30 min (P less than 0.005).	Superoxides	145-147	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	83-86
2550367-7	1989	Enhanced fungicidal activity by PB-PMNs from mice treated for 5 h with 25,000 U of IFN correlated with an increased release of superoxide anion (O2-) in vitro after stimulation of PB-PMNs with phorbol ester; normal PB-PMNs and IFN-activated PB-PMNs, respectively, produced 2.2 +/- 2.5 and 23.5 +/- 4.8 nmol of O2- per 10(6) PB-PMNs per 30 min (P less than 0.005).	Superoxides	145-147	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	227-230
2476237-6	1989	These data identify MnSOD as an important determinant of cellular resistance to TNF and implicate mitochondrially generated O2- as a key component of TNF-mediated tumor cell killing.	Superoxides	124-127	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	150-153
2550479-2	1989	Dibutyryl cyclic AMP-treated cells showed rapid superoxide anion production in response to N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) and slow, sustained response to phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).	Superoxides	48-64	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	132-136
2550479-7	1989	However, both toxins inhibited FMLP-induced actin polymerization and superoxide anion generation.	Superoxides	69-85	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	31-35
2547872-12	1989	Superoxide released triggered by FMLP and F- was inhibited to an extent similar to that of guanine nucleotide depletion under different conditions of preincubation.	Superoxides	0-10	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
2476132-5	1989	The hydroxyl radical generation was inhibited by catalase and superoxide dismutase, suggesting a mechanism in which the phenols oxidize to produce superoxide radical, which then assists .OH generation from H2O2 in the presence of Fe3+-EDTA.	Superoxides	147-165	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	49-57
2553589-3	1989	Recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (TNF) did not modify the level of intracellular NBT reduction in PMA-stimulated PMN, although it slightly increased the secretion of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	173-189	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	18-39
2553589-3	1989	Recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (TNF) did not modify the level of intracellular NBT reduction in PMA-stimulated PMN, although it slightly increased the secretion of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	173-189	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	41-44
2503544-14	1989	Increased amounts of superoxide anion were released from ME180 and A549 cells after culture with IFN-gamma.	Superoxides	21-37	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	97-106
2547873-2	1989	This study examined the ability of four neutral proteases: cathepsin G, elastase, chymotrypsin, and trypsin, to modify PMN superoxide response to FMLP, PMA, and arachidonate.	Superoxides	123-133	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	146-150
2547873-3	1989	In response to 1 microM FMLP, PMN treated with cathepsin G, chymotrypsin, or elastase showed 64%, 60%, and 32% increases, respectively, in superoxide generation when compared with control, untreated cells (p less than 0.05 for each).	Superoxides	139-149	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	24-28
2506429-1	1989	Formyl peptide receptors on differentiated HL-60 cells were desensitized to formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP)-stimulated superoxide production in a concentration-dependent manner, similar to that previously described for neutrophils.	Superoxides	132-142	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	115-119
2573051-2	1989	The inhibition of the chemotactic peptide (FMLP)-induced superoxide production, which is membrane receptor-mediated, was strongly dependent on the concentration both of the secretory stimulus and of the test compounds, indicating an interaction between the receptor and the test compound.	Superoxides	57-67	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	43-47
2551149-3	1989	The calcium- and phospholipid-dependent protein kinase, protein kinase C, is activated in FMLP- and A23187-stimulated neutrophils, is hypothesized to stimulate superoxide generation, and plays an essential role in eicosanoid production.	Superoxides	160-170	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	90-94
2551149-7	1989	AF inhibited superoxide generation in FMLP-stimulated neutrophils dose-dependently, but did not change the activation of protein kinase C in the cells.	Superoxides	13-23	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	38-42
2547375-4	1989	Induction of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was compared between MCF-7 and Tnf-1000 cells treated with TNF: SOD scavenges potentially toxic superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	13-23	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	35-38
2547375-4	1989	Induction of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was compared between MCF-7 and Tnf-1000 cells treated with TNF: SOD scavenges potentially toxic superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	13-23	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	104-107
2597493-2	1989	Because previous studies showed that interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) is able to increase in vitro the number of PM0 IgG FcR in CAPD patients with relapsing bacterial peritonitis, the authors studied the in vivo effects of IP administration of IFN-alpha (1,000 IU daily in the overnight exchange for 12 months) on: PM0 superoxide generation; PM0 bacterial killing; PM0 IgG FcR; the number of bacteria in the PM0 cytoplasm; and peritonitis relapses in these patients.	Superoxides	315-325	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	55-64
2546911-3	1989	Generation of superoxide anion (O2-) and mobilization of intracellular Ca2+ in human neutrophils upon exposure to stimuli such as N-formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine (fMLP) were inhibited by the antibiotic cerulenin, which inhibits fatty acid and cholesterol biosynthesis.	Superoxides	14-30	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	168-172
2544300-11	1989	However, IL-6 did "prime" PMN, enhancing superoxide secretion by fMLP (10(-7) M)-treated PMN by 50.8% (5.9 +/- 1.0 to 8.9 +/- 1.5 nmol superoxide at 100 U of IL-6; P less than 0.01) and PMA (5.0 nM) by 54.3% (8.1 +/- 2.6 to 12.5 +/- 3.6 nmol; P less than 0.05).	Superoxides	41-51	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	9-13
2544300-11	1989	However, IL-6 did "prime" PMN, enhancing superoxide secretion by fMLP (10(-7) M)-treated PMN by 50.8% (5.9 +/- 1.0 to 8.9 +/- 1.5 nmol superoxide at 100 U of IL-6; P less than 0.01) and PMA (5.0 nM) by 54.3% (8.1 +/- 2.6 to 12.5 +/- 3.6 nmol; P less than 0.05).	Superoxides	41-51	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	65-69
2544300-11	1989	However, IL-6 did "prime" PMN, enhancing superoxide secretion by fMLP (10(-7) M)-treated PMN by 50.8% (5.9 +/- 1.0 to 8.9 +/- 1.5 nmol superoxide at 100 U of IL-6; P less than 0.01) and PMA (5.0 nM) by 54.3% (8.1 +/- 2.6 to 12.5 +/- 3.6 nmol; P less than 0.05).	Superoxides	135-145	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	9-13
2544300-11	1989	However, IL-6 did "prime" PMN, enhancing superoxide secretion by fMLP (10(-7) M)-treated PMN by 50.8% (5.9 +/- 1.0 to 8.9 +/- 1.5 nmol superoxide at 100 U of IL-6; P less than 0.01) and PMA (5.0 nM) by 54.3% (8.1 +/- 2.6 to 12.5 +/- 3.6 nmol; P less than 0.05).	Superoxides	135-145	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	65-69
2546911-6	1989	The results suggest that an event which coincides with the Ca2+-mobilization and not Ca2+ per se is important for the induction of O2- generation in the fMLP-stimulated cells and that this step is blocked in cerulenin-treated cells.	Superoxides	131-133	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	153-157
2549492-6	1989	Superoxide anion production was significantly enhanced in cord blood granulocytes stimulated with fMLP after a 30- or 60-min exposure to 100 pM rhGM-CSF.	Superoxides	0-16	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	98-102
2546699-2	1989	This purified preparation of seminal fluid acid phosphatase blocked superoxide anion production by neutrophils stimulated with fMet-Leu-Phe (fMLP) by 50%.	Superoxides	68-84	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	141-145
2543650-1	1989	Cultured porcine retinal pigment epithelial cells release superoxide, measured as superoxide dismutase (SOD)-suppressible reduction of cytochrome C, and SOD-suppressible luminol-dependent chemiluminescence.	Superoxides	58-68	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	82-102
2543650-1	1989	Cultured porcine retinal pigment epithelial cells release superoxide, measured as superoxide dismutase (SOD)-suppressible reduction of cytochrome C, and SOD-suppressible luminol-dependent chemiluminescence.	Superoxides	58-68	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	104-107
2543650-1	1989	Cultured porcine retinal pigment epithelial cells release superoxide, measured as superoxide dismutase (SOD)-suppressible reduction of cytochrome C, and SOD-suppressible luminol-dependent chemiluminescence.	Superoxides	58-68	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	135-147
2542378-3	1989	O2- generation was induced either by the calcium ionophore A23187, a potent stimulus of phospholipase A2, or by the protein kinase C activator, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).	Superoxides	0-2	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	88-104
2541203-0	1989	IFN-gamma and LPS overcome glucocorticoid inhibition of priming for superoxide release in human monocytes.	Superoxides	68-78	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-9
2541203-3	1989	After 48 h culture, monocytes released low amounts of superoxide anion (O2-) when stimulated by PMA or FMLP.	Superoxides	54-70	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	103-107
2541203-3	1989	After 48 h culture, monocytes released low amounts of superoxide anion (O2-) when stimulated by PMA or FMLP.	Superoxides	72-74	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	103-107
2541203-4	1989	Monocytes incubated with either IFN-gamma or LPS became "primed" and released greater amounts of O2- in response to stimuli.	Superoxides	97-99	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	32-41
2541203-7	1989	When glucocorticoids were co-incubated with IFN-gamma or LPS, the effect of hydrocortisone and other active steroids was blocked, and the monocytes released high O2-.	Superoxides	162-164	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	44-53
2541203-8	1989	However, when monocytes were preincubated with hydrocortisone for 24 h before addition of IFN-gamma or LPS, priming for enhanced O2- production by LPS was partially inhibited whereas there was no effect on IFN-gamma priming.	Superoxides	129-131	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	90-99
2541203-11	1989	Both IL-1 and TNF-alpha primed monocytes for enhanced release of O2- in response to PMA.	Superoxides	65-67	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	14-23
2543384-4	1989	The SOD enhancement was attributed to the inhibition of superoxide-induced DFFR destruction.	Superoxides	56-66	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	4-7
2524532-2	1989	Passaged cells have typical macrophage characteristics: they are non-specific esterase positive, phagocytic, and respond to 3 days of treatment with interferon-gamma with enhanced production of superoxide on stimulation with PMA.	Superoxides	194-204	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	149-165
2541191-2	1989	Dopamine inhibited the O2- production by PMNs when PMNs were stimulated with N-formylated chemotactic peptide N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP), phorbol myristate acetate, or opsonized zymosan, whereas dopamine did not alter the PMN mobility.	Superoxides	23-25	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	151-155
2541191-3	1989	The values of percentage inhibition of the O2- production by FMLP-stimulated PMNs were 57% under treatment with 10(-5) mol/L and 83% with 10(-4) mol/L of dopamine.	Superoxides	43-45	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
2541191-4	1989	Isoproterenol also inhibited PMN O2- production in response to FMLP.	Superoxides	33-35	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	63-67
2541191-8	1989	These results indicate that dopamine inhibits PMN O2- production through its effect on PMN reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase system rather than through its beta-adrenergic action.	Superoxides	50-52	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	99-150
2541141-6	1989	These results indicate that augmentation of the granulocyte"s ability to generate O2- anions, which is induced by priming with GM-CSFrh, is independent both of the resting transmembrane potential and of alterations in the extent of membrane potential change induced by stimuli such as fMLP.	Superoxides	82-84	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	285-289
2540250-2	1989	Both antibiotics selectively inhibited superoxide generation by neutrophils activated with the N-formylated leukotactic tripeptide FMLP, the calcium ionophore A23187 and the pharmacologic agent benoxaprofen, while the responses initiated by the tumor promotor PMA and opsonized zymosan were unaffected.	Superoxides	39-49	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	131-135
2540256-1	1989	Both purified human monocyte interleukin-1 and recombinant interleukin-1 (beta) primed neutrophils for increased superoxide production and chemiluminescence in response to f-met-leu-phe.	Superoxides	113-123	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	59-79
2541213-0	1989	Modulation of macrophage superoxide-induced cytochrome c reduction by mast cells.	Superoxides	25-35	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	44-56
2541213-5	1989	Mast cell granule-mediated inhibition of cytochrome c reduction was not caused by histamine, serotonin, or any other dialyzable components but was found to be caused by the scavenging of O2- by mast cell granule-bound superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	187-189	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	41-53
2544968-4	1989	These results indicate that TPTCl is potent inhibitor of cytosolic free calcium mobilization in FMLP stimulation, associated with superoxide anion production and the secretion of beta-D-glucuronidase.	Superoxides	130-146	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	96-100
2540792-4	1989	The total quantity of O2- produced and the kinetics of its release were then determined following in vitro activation of the cells by the chemotactic peptide N-formyl methionyl-leucylphenylalanine (fMLP) or by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).	Superoxides	22-24	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	198-202
2777635-1	1989	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a "scavenger" enzyme which catalyses the dismutation (reduction-oxidation) of the superoxide anion (O2-.	Superoxides	112-128	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
2777635-1	1989	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a "scavenger" enzyme which catalyses the dismutation (reduction-oxidation) of the superoxide anion (O2-.	Superoxides	112-128	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
2777635-10	1989	The significance of the extracellular SOD activity, seen in the lower aspects of the growth plate cartilage, may indicate the sensitivity of matrix components, especially collagen, to toxic free radicals such as the superoxide anion.	Superoxides	216-232	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	38-41
2547713-6	1989	In contrast, a marked impairment of NBT test and PMA- and FMLP-induced superoxide anion (O2-) production was found after piroxicam therapy.	Superoxides	71-87	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	58-62
2547713-6	1989	In contrast, a marked impairment of NBT test and PMA- and FMLP-induced superoxide anion (O2-) production was found after piroxicam therapy.	Superoxides	89-91	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	58-62
2538510-3	1989	However, the ability to generate O2- in response to PMA could be induced in BMM by pre-exposing the cells to certain cytokines, including granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), IFN-gamma, and, to a lesser extent, IL-1 alpha.	Superoxides	33-35	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	175-202
2538510-3	1989	However, the ability to generate O2- in response to PMA could be induced in BMM by pre-exposing the cells to certain cytokines, including granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), IFN-gamma, and, to a lesser extent, IL-1 alpha.	Superoxides	33-35	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	204-213
2538510-3	1989	However, the ability to generate O2- in response to PMA could be induced in BMM by pre-exposing the cells to certain cytokines, including granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), IFN-gamma, and, to a lesser extent, IL-1 alpha.	Superoxides	33-35	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	216-225
2547132-3	1989	Collectively, these new natural products modulate fMLP-induced superoxide anion generation in human neutrophils, inhibit the conversion of arachidonic acid to lipoxygenase products by human neutrophils, and inhibit the functioning of the dog kidney Na+/K+ ATPase.	Superoxides	63-79	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	50-54
2561625-6	1989	After 72 hours of incubation with IFN-gamma (1000 U/ml) the amount of superoxide generated by the nonadherent cells was elevated to 20.5 +/- 1.4 nmoles/10(6) cells/15 min, similar to that of the adherent cells (24.5 +/- 1.2 nmoles/10(6) cells/15 min untreated adherent monocytes).	Superoxides	70-80	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	34-43
2561625-7	1989	The generation of superoxide in the IFN-gamma treated nonadherent monocytes stimulated by E. coli 0-128 was significantly reduced by addition of mannose.	Superoxides	18-28	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	36-45
2537865-4	1989	Superoxide anion (O2-) participated in both the oxidation of LDL and its conversion to a cytotoxin since addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD) at the beginning of the co-incubation inhibited, in a concentration dependent fashion, both the monocyte-mediated oxidation and the monocyte-mediated conversion of LDL to a cytotoxin.	Superoxides	0-16	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	117-137
2537865-4	1989	Superoxide anion (O2-) participated in both the oxidation of LDL and its conversion to a cytotoxin since addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD) at the beginning of the co-incubation inhibited, in a concentration dependent fashion, both the monocyte-mediated oxidation and the monocyte-mediated conversion of LDL to a cytotoxin.	Superoxides	0-16	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	139-142
2537865-4	1989	Superoxide anion (O2-) participated in both the oxidation of LDL and its conversion to a cytotoxin since addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD) at the beginning of the co-incubation inhibited, in a concentration dependent fashion, both the monocyte-mediated oxidation and the monocyte-mediated conversion of LDL to a cytotoxin.	Superoxides	18-20	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	117-137
2537865-4	1989	Superoxide anion (O2-) participated in both the oxidation of LDL and its conversion to a cytotoxin since addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD) at the beginning of the co-incubation inhibited, in a concentration dependent fashion, both the monocyte-mediated oxidation and the monocyte-mediated conversion of LDL to a cytotoxin.	Superoxides	18-20	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	139-142
2537868-3	1989	Laminin (5 to 100 micrograms/ml) stimulated lysozyme release and superoxide production in response to the chemoattractant, FMLP by as much as 69%.	Superoxides	65-75	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	123-127
2537656-6	1989	The formation of .OH was inhibited by exogenously added superoxide dismutase and catalase, indicating the involvement of both superoxide anion radical and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	126-150	catalase	Homo sapiens	81-89
2545762-2	1989	However, the signal observed arises from interaction of the spin trap with some species other than the superoxide radical or hydrogen peroxide, a product of its dismutation, as the addition of both superoxide dismutase and catalase to a superoxide generating system failed to attenuate the signal.	Superoxides	103-113	catalase	Homo sapiens	223-231
2537361-2	1989	TNF stimulated superoxide (O2-) release directly in human granulocytes in a dose-dependent manner (1 to 1000 U/ml), although its potency was weak.	Superoxides	15-25	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
2537361-2	1989	TNF stimulated superoxide (O2-) release directly in human granulocytes in a dose-dependent manner (1 to 1000 U/ml), although its potency was weak.	Superoxides	27-29	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
2537365-4	1989	For detection of granulocyte activation different assay systems were used: 1) lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence (CL), 2) superoxide-dismutase (SOD) inhibitable cytochrome C-reduction (superoxide), 3) horseradish peroxidase-mediated oxidation of phenol red (hydrogen peroxide), 4) release of myeloperoxidase, 5) ultrastructural detection of hydrogen peroxide-production, 6) scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM).	Superoxides	125-135	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	164-176
2537110-3	1989	Superoxide rapidly dismutases to H2O2 and neutrophils contain myeloperoxidase which catalyzes the oxidation of Cl- by H2O2 to yield hypochlorous acid (HOCl).	Superoxides	0-10	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	62-77
2537061-2	1989	The use of dual wavelength spectroscopy in the present studies has allowed accurate continuous monitoring of superoxide generation (cytochrome c reduction) upon cellular activation by this turbid material; activation occurs after a short lag period (about 20 s) which is similar to the lag seen after activation with the chemoattractant formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP).	Superoxides	109-119	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	132-144
2537061-2	1989	The use of dual wavelength spectroscopy in the present studies has allowed accurate continuous monitoring of superoxide generation (cytochrome c reduction) upon cellular activation by this turbid material; activation occurs after a short lag period (about 20 s) which is similar to the lag seen after activation with the chemoattractant formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP).	Superoxides	109-119	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	376-380
2538353-2	1989	The elastase-inhibitory activity of alpha 1-antiproteinase is inactivated by hydroxyl radicals (.OH) generated by pulse radiolysis or by reaction of iron ions with H2O2 in the presence of superoxide or ascorbate.	Superoxides	188-198	serpin family A member 1	Homo sapiens	36-58
2546911-3	1989	Generation of superoxide anion (O2-) and mobilization of intracellular Ca2+ in human neutrophils upon exposure to stimuli such as N-formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine (fMLP) were inhibited by the antibiotic cerulenin, which inhibits fatty acid and cholesterol biosynthesis.	Superoxides	32-34	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	168-172
2541080-1	1989	We have examined the effect of different monoclonal antibodies (MAb) to the CD11/CD18 family of surface antigens on the production of superoxide anion by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-differentiated U-937 cells upon stimulation with concanavalin A (Con A).	Superoxides	134-150	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	81-85
2537032-6	1989	Superoxide dismutase showed a protective effect on depression in Ca2+-pump activities caused by O2-.H2O2 inhibited Ca2+-pump activities in a dose-dependent manner; this inhibition was protected by the addition of catalase.	Superoxides	96-98	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	213-221
2521568-1	1989	Activity of the free radical scavenging enzyme, superoxide dismutase (SOD-1), was determined in fibroblast cell lines derived from familial Alzheimer"s patients, trisomy 21 patients and normal controls.	Superoxides	48-58	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	70-75
2545879-5	1989	Also neutrophil superoxide anion production (in the cytochrome C reduction assay) increased with pH, but not to the same extent as CL.	Superoxides	16-32	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	52-64
2492771-1	1989	Superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymatically scavenge superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, respectively.	Superoxides	57-67	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	25-33
2535839-4	1989	In addition, CP scavenged xanthine oxidase-derived superoxide as measured spectrophotometrically via its effect on cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	51-61	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	115-127
2540639-5	1989	However, TNF, but not MOC, caused the release of considerable amounts of H2O2 and O2- from PMN attached to nylon fibers.	Superoxides	75-77	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	9-12
2550129-6	1989	Our results show that the endothelial cells subjected to anoxia-reoxygenation release superoxide anions, as revealed by superoxide dismutase inhibitable cytochrome C reduction.	Superoxides	86-103	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	153-165
2557982-19	1989	These observations can be explained by the newly-discovered role of SOD as a superoxide:semiquinone (QH.)	Superoxides	77-87	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	68-71
2536340-10	1989	Catalase was able to inhibit the formation of the DMPO--OH adduct formed by vanadate plus superoxide.	Superoxides	90-100	catalase	Homo sapiens	0-8
2545553-15	1989	These results indicated that the degree of attachment correlated with both the degree of NBT reduction and the relative effectiveness of Des-Mn versus SOD to scavenge O2..	Superoxides	167-169	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	151-154
2545550-4	1989	Thus, superoxide (which is relatively unimportant when metal ions can participate) dominates the reaction when transition metal ions are bound (especially at higher pH), and it becomes essential in the simultaneous presence of catalase plus chelators.	Superoxides	6-16	catalase	Homo sapiens	227-235
2553551-9	1989	as indicated by the FABP inhibition of O2- -dependent reduction of cytochrome c, OH.-dependent hydroxybenzoic acid formation and OCl.-mediated chemiluminescence response.	Superoxides	39-41	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	67-79
2553552-0	1989	Application of the electrochemistry of cytochrome c to the measurement of superoxide radical production.	Superoxides	74-92	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	39-51
2553552-2	1989	The reduction of cytochrome c by the superoxide ion was monitored using a surface-modified gold electrode.	Superoxides	37-47	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	17-29
2558980-6	1989	The oxidation of NADH, mediated by a catalytically low concentration of phenazine(+O2), was augmented two-fold by SOD.	Superoxides	83-85	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	114-117
2558980-1	1989	The source of superoxide anion radical (O2-.) in aerobic mixtures consisting of NAD[P]H, 5-methylphenazinium methyl sulfate (or its 1-methoxy derivative) and tetrazolium salt was investigated using superoxide dismutase (SOD), Mn(II), ferricytochrome-C, and epinephrine as probes.	Superoxides	14-38	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	198-218
2559882-5	1989	The inhibition of catalase by GSH appeared to be partly due to superoxide radicals, since it was inhibited by active manganese superoxide dismutase, but not by heat-inactivated enzyme.	Superoxides	63-73	catalase	Homo sapiens	18-26
2558980-1	1989	The source of superoxide anion radical (O2-.) in aerobic mixtures consisting of NAD[P]H, 5-methylphenazinium methyl sulfate (or its 1-methoxy derivative) and tetrazolium salt was investigated using superoxide dismutase (SOD), Mn(II), ferricytochrome-C, and epinephrine as probes.	Superoxides	14-38	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	220-223
2558980-1	1989	The source of superoxide anion radical (O2-.) in aerobic mixtures consisting of NAD[P]H, 5-methylphenazinium methyl sulfate (or its 1-methoxy derivative) and tetrazolium salt was investigated using superoxide dismutase (SOD), Mn(II), ferricytochrome-C, and epinephrine as probes.	Superoxides	40-44	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	198-218
2558980-1	1989	The source of superoxide anion radical (O2-.) in aerobic mixtures consisting of NAD[P]H, 5-methylphenazinium methyl sulfate (or its 1-methoxy derivative) and tetrazolium salt was investigated using superoxide dismutase (SOD), Mn(II), ferricytochrome-C, and epinephrine as probes.	Superoxides	40-44	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	220-223
2558980-2	1989	NAD[P]H + phenazine + O2 was found to reduce nitroblue tetrazolium, iodonitrotetrazolium, and thiazolyl blue in a manner sensitive to agents that dismutase O2-., viz., SOD and Mn(II).	Superoxides	22-24	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	168-171
2573564-3	1989	The beneficial effects of both superoxide dismutase and catalase suggest an involvement of superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide in this pathophysiological process, without describing the targets of their action.	Superoxides	91-108	catalase	Homo sapiens	56-64
2558980-2	1989	NAD[P]H + phenazine + O2 was found to reduce nitroblue tetrazolium, iodonitrotetrazolium, and thiazolyl blue in a manner sensitive to agents that dismutase O2-., viz., SOD and Mn(II).	Superoxides	156-158	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	168-171
2538700-2	1989	CRP at 8-64 micrograms/ml concentrations inhibited degranulation and superoxide production by PMNL in time-, and dose-dependent manner and stabilized PMNL membranes against the lytic effect of lysophosphatidylcholine.	Superoxides	69-79	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	0-3
2684801-6	1989	Furthermore the complementation of SOD-lacking E. coli deficiencies by introducing a plasmid containing the gene encoding the human SOD supported the proposal that superoxide dismutation is the physiological function of SOD.	Superoxides	164-174	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	35-38
2684801-6	1989	Furthermore the complementation of SOD-lacking E. coli deficiencies by introducing a plasmid containing the gene encoding the human SOD supported the proposal that superoxide dismutation is the physiological function of SOD.	Superoxides	164-174	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	132-135
2684801-6	1989	Furthermore the complementation of SOD-lacking E. coli deficiencies by introducing a plasmid containing the gene encoding the human SOD supported the proposal that superoxide dismutation is the physiological function of SOD.	Superoxides	164-174	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	132-135
2601585-8	1989	These findings suggested that the formation of superoxide anion after administration of LPS in vivo is mediated by Kupffer cells.	Superoxides	47-63	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	88-91
2555642-3	1989	t-PA (1 to 100 micrograms/ml) decreased f-MLP-induced chemotaxis and ionophore A23187-induced superoxide and LTB4 release in isolated neutrophils, and these effects were not blocked by the plasmin-inhibitor epsilon-aminocaproic acid (epsilon-ACA).	Superoxides	94-104	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	0-4
2562169-3	1989	Enzymatically generated superoxide anion produced endothelial damage which could not be blocked with superoxide dismutase (which removes superoxide anion from the system), but could it be blocked with catalase which removes hydrogen peroxide from the system.	Superoxides	24-40	catalase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	201-209
2640479-8	1989	When N formyl methionine leucyl phenylalanine (FMLP) was used, lupus PMN showed an O2-production of 2.1 nmol/min 10(7) which is 5-fold the response of normal PMN stimulated by FMLP.	Superoxides	83-85	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	47-51
2559307-3	1989	TNF-treated macrophages had listericidal activity in vitro and superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	63-79	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
2640479-8	1989	When N formyl methionine leucyl phenylalanine (FMLP) was used, lupus PMN showed an O2-production of 2.1 nmol/min 10(7) which is 5-fold the response of normal PMN stimulated by FMLP.	Superoxides	83-85	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	176-180
3058718-11	1988	CuZn SOD is a relatively abundant protein in the cytosol of hepatocytes and its distribution overlaps with major sites of O2- production.	Superoxides	122-124	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-8
2519345-2	1989	Experimentally, cellular damage from compounds or exposures which produce superoxide extracellularly can be prevented or modified by pretreating a cell or organ system with SOD.	Superoxides	74-84	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	173-176
2519345-5	1989	An awareness of the importance of SOD to the toxicity of xenobiotics which produce superoxide, either directly or indirectly, will enable those conducting toxicology studies to better understand and interpret their results.	Superoxides	83-93	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	34-37
2855027-1	1988	Like superoxide dismutase (SOD), human ceruloplasmin (Cp) scavenges superoxide anion radicals injected into the solution with the aid a high-voltage generator, hydrogen peroxide being the product of reaction.	Superoxides	68-93	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	27-30
2855027-4	1988	The dismutation of O2- accomplished by SOD, "free" copper ions, native Cp or partly copper-depleted Cp, is inhibited with equal efficiency by cyanide.	Superoxides	19-21	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	39-42
2678418-6	1989	There are the enzymes - superoxide dismutase that dismutases superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide and catalase or glutathione peroxidase that detoxify hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	24-34	catalase	Homo sapiens	106-114
2852009-0	1988	The superoxide-dependent transfer of iron from ferritin to transferrin and lactoferrin.	Superoxides	4-14	transferrin	Homo sapiens	59-70
2851553-3	1988	However, PMA potentiated AGEPC, pepstatin A, FMLP, LTB4, and A23187-stimulated superoxide anion (O2-) production.	Superoxides	79-95	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	45-49
2851553-3	1988	However, PMA potentiated AGEPC, pepstatin A, FMLP, LTB4, and A23187-stimulated superoxide anion (O2-) production.	Superoxides	97-99	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	45-49
2855081-5	1988	Superoxide generation was affected by the extracellular calcium ion or pretreatment with H-7 (PK-C inhibitor), but not by mepacrine (PLA2 inhibitor) or pertussis toxin (islet-activating protein: IAP).	Superoxides	0-10	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	94-98
3058718-12	1988	The efficiency of protection CuZn SOD can provide to cytosolic proteins from attacks by superoxide anion depends on the rate of O2- production, distribution of CuZn SOD relative to cytosolic proteins, and the relative reaction rates between O2- with both cytosolic proteins and CuZn SOD.	Superoxides	88-104	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	29-37
3058718-12	1988	The efficiency of protection CuZn SOD can provide to cytosolic proteins from attacks by superoxide anion depends on the rate of O2- production, distribution of CuZn SOD relative to cytosolic proteins, and the relative reaction rates between O2- with both cytosolic proteins and CuZn SOD.	Superoxides	88-104	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	160-168
3058718-12	1988	The efficiency of protection CuZn SOD can provide to cytosolic proteins from attacks by superoxide anion depends on the rate of O2- production, distribution of CuZn SOD relative to cytosolic proteins, and the relative reaction rates between O2- with both cytosolic proteins and CuZn SOD.	Superoxides	88-104	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	160-168
2846695-8	1988	These latter PMN, in correlation with increased receptor expression, had increased initial, maximal rates of FMLP-induced superoxide generation (10.2 vs 6.3 nmol/min/10(6) PMN for cells isolated and maintained at 4 degrees C) as a manifestation of their functional activation.	Superoxides	122-132	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	109-113
3058718-12	1988	The efficiency of protection CuZn SOD can provide to cytosolic proteins from attacks by superoxide anion depends on the rate of O2- production, distribution of CuZn SOD relative to cytosolic proteins, and the relative reaction rates between O2- with both cytosolic proteins and CuZn SOD.	Superoxides	128-130	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	29-37
3058718-12	1988	The efficiency of protection CuZn SOD can provide to cytosolic proteins from attacks by superoxide anion depends on the rate of O2- production, distribution of CuZn SOD relative to cytosolic proteins, and the relative reaction rates between O2- with both cytosolic proteins and CuZn SOD.	Superoxides	241-243	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	29-37
3068520-4	1988	Tumor cells have the capacity to produce superoxide radical, the substrate for SOD.	Superoxides	41-59	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	79-82
2847946-0	1988	Synthesis of acylated SOD derivatives which bind to the biomembrane lipid surface and dismutate extracellular superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	110-120	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
2847946-3	1988	To metabolize extracellular superoxide radicals effectively at or near cell membranes, we synthesized amphipathic superoxide dismutase (SOD) derivatives (AC-SOD) by covalently linking hydrophobic fatty acids with different chain lengths, such as caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid and myristic acid, to the lysyl amino groups of the enzyme.	Superoxides	28-38	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	114-134
2847946-3	1988	To metabolize extracellular superoxide radicals effectively at or near cell membranes, we synthesized amphipathic superoxide dismutase (SOD) derivatives (AC-SOD) by covalently linking hydrophobic fatty acids with different chain lengths, such as caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid and myristic acid, to the lysyl amino groups of the enzyme.	Superoxides	28-38	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	136-139
2847946-8	1988	These results suggested that AC-SOD bound to cell membranes and effectively dismutated superoxide radicals at or on the outer surface of plasma membranes.	Superoxides	87-97	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	32-35
3263703-1	1988	Manganous superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) scavenges potentially toxic superoxide radicals produced in the mitochondria.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	32-37
2847727-0	1988	Superoxide anion measurement by sulfonated phenyl isothiocyanate cytochrome c.	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	65-77
2852770-0	1988	Ca2+ ionophores inhibit superoxide generation by chemotactic peptide in rabbit neutrophils and the correlation with intracellular calcium.	Superoxides	24-34	carbonic anhydrase 2	Oryctolagus cuniculus	0-3
2847727-1	1988	Sulfonated phenyl isothiocyanate cytochrome c is suggested as a new scavenger for superoxide anion.	Superoxides	82-98	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	33-45
2846087-6	1988	Our data indicate that the increased cytosolic acidification following fMLP stimulation in granulocytes "primed" with GM-CSFrh does not result from disordered proton excretion but instead from increased release of intracellular free acid which is only partially coupled to glucose catabolism or to the generation of superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	316-332	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	71-75
2846087-6	1988	Our data indicate that the increased cytosolic acidification following fMLP stimulation in granulocytes "primed" with GM-CSFrh does not result from disordered proton excretion but instead from increased release of intracellular free acid which is only partially coupled to glucose catabolism or to the generation of superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	334-336	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	71-75
2846729-9	1988	In adherent PMNs, pretreatment with PMA potentiated the FMLP-induced O2-.	Superoxides	69-71	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	56-60
2846355-5	1988	FMLP, ionomycin and A23187 induced membrane association of protein kinase C in a few seconds and always before superoxide generation.	Superoxides	111-121	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
2846355-6	1988	It is concluded that membrane association of protein kinase C in PMA-, FMLP-, ionomycin- and A23187-stimulated neutrophils precedes superoxide generation, and thereby may be part of the mechanism initiating NADPH-oxidase activity.	Superoxides	132-142	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	71-75
3182781-7	1988	In contrast, the fMLP-induced superoxide ion generation is diminished if the increase in [Ca2+]i is prevented.	Superoxides	30-40	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	17-21
2846726-1	1988	Preincubation of human neutrophils with recombinant tumor necrosis factor alpha has previously been shown by us to enhance superoxide production of neutrophils in response to the chemotactic peptide formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, and the phorbol ester, phorbol myristate acetate.	Superoxides	123-133	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	52-79
2846726-5	1988	Finally, the enhancement of O2 production by pretreatment of neutrophils with TNF was found to be independent of a pertussis toxin-sensitive guanine nucleotide regulatory protein.	Superoxides	28-30	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	78-81
2852770-1	1988	Effects of Ca2+ ionophores, A23187 and lasalocid, on superoxide anion generation by chemotactic peptide, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine methyl ester, in rabbit peritoneal exudate neutrophils were studied.	Superoxides	53-69	carbonic anhydrase 2	Oryctolagus cuniculus	11-14
2852770-8	1988	It may be concluded that the inhibition of superoxide generation by these ionophores is correlated to intracellular Ca2+ modulation.	Superoxides	43-53	carbonic anhydrase 2	Oryctolagus cuniculus	116-119
2844586-1	1988	Treatment of human neutrophils with C-reactive protein (CRP) causes a concentration-dependent in the extent of activation of superoxide production and of granule secretion, induced by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) or N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLF).	Superoxides	125-135	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	36-54
2844854-2	1988	Treatment of human neutrophils with botulinum C2 toxin for 45 min increased FMLP-stimulated superoxide anion (O2-) production 1.5-5-fold, whereas only a minor fraction of the cellular actin pool (approximately 20%) was ADP-ribosylated.	Superoxides	92-108	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	76-80
2844854-2	1988	Treatment of human neutrophils with botulinum C2 toxin for 45 min increased FMLP-stimulated superoxide anion (O2-) production 1.5-5-fold, whereas only a minor fraction of the cellular actin pool (approximately 20%) was ADP-ribosylated.	Superoxides	110-112	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	76-80
2845199-6	1988	Before bypass, the superoxide production of FMLP-stimulated polymorphonuclear neutrophils was comparable in the two groups.	Superoxides	19-29	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	44-48
2844279-8	1988	Our results suggest that this effect is due to the SOD inhibition of the destruction of DMPO-OH.by superoxide ion.	Superoxides	99-109	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	51-54
2844586-1	1988	Treatment of human neutrophils with C-reactive protein (CRP) causes a concentration-dependent in the extent of activation of superoxide production and of granule secretion, induced by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) or N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLF).	Superoxides	125-135	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	56-59
2844196-7	1988	Of these, AHSG was the most active inhibitor of HA-induced neutrophil superoxide release, and this glycoprotein partially (60%) restored inhibitory activity to HA-adsorbed serum.	Superoxides	70-80	alpha 2-HS glycoprotein	Homo sapiens	10-14
3219186-2	1988	We propose two types of markers: the first one is superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity involved in the conversion of superoxide radicals (O2-.)	Superoxides	116-135	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	50-70
3219186-2	1988	We propose two types of markers: the first one is superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity involved in the conversion of superoxide radicals (O2-.)	Superoxides	116-135	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	72-75
3219186-2	1988	We propose two types of markers: the first one is superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity involved in the conversion of superoxide radicals (O2-.)	Superoxides	137-139	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	50-70
3219186-2	1988	We propose two types of markers: the first one is superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity involved in the conversion of superoxide radicals (O2-.)	Superoxides	137-139	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	72-75
2843104-2	1988	Legionella micdadei cells contain an acid phosphatase (ACP2) which blocks superoxide anion production by human neutrophils stimulated with formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) [A. K. Saha, et al.	Superoxides	74-90	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	139-157
2848761-0	1988	Modulation of human neutrophil and monocyte chemotaxis and superoxide responses by recombinant TNF-alpha and GM-CSF.	Superoxides	59-69	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	95-104
2848761-5	1988	TNF at concentrations higher than 500 units/ml enhanced the generation of superoxide anions by neutrophils stimulated with f-Met-Leu-Phe.	Superoxides	74-91	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
2848761-9	1988	GM-CSF was as potent as TNF in enhancing the generation of superoxide response by neutrophils.	Superoxides	59-69	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	24-27
2848761-13	1988	Inhibition of neutrophil chemotaxis followed by enhancement of the superoxide response by TNF and GM-CSF may provide an attractive mechanism by which these cytokines assist in fighting invading microorganisms.	Superoxides	67-77	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	90-93
2853694-5	1988	The results indicated that lpr/lpr PEM had a significant increase in cytostasis and O2- production and a significant decrease in proliferative capacity, suggesting that PEM from lpr/lpr mice were activated to the level of primed macrophage.	Superoxides	84-86	Fas (TNF receptor superfamily member 6)	Mus musculus	27-30
2853694-5	1988	The results indicated that lpr/lpr PEM had a significant increase in cytostasis and O2- production and a significant decrease in proliferative capacity, suggesting that PEM from lpr/lpr mice were activated to the level of primed macrophage.	Superoxides	84-86	Fas (TNF receptor superfamily member 6)	Mus musculus	31-34
2853694-5	1988	The results indicated that lpr/lpr PEM had a significant increase in cytostasis and O2- production and a significant decrease in proliferative capacity, suggesting that PEM from lpr/lpr mice were activated to the level of primed macrophage.	Superoxides	84-86	Fas (TNF receptor superfamily member 6)	Mus musculus	31-34
2853694-5	1988	The results indicated that lpr/lpr PEM had a significant increase in cytostasis and O2- production and a significant decrease in proliferative capacity, suggesting that PEM from lpr/lpr mice were activated to the level of primed macrophage.	Superoxides	84-86	Fas (TNF receptor superfamily member 6)	Mus musculus	31-34
2853694-7	1988	B220- cells out of NAPEC from lpr/lpr mice significantly enhanced O2- production by +/+ PEM.	Superoxides	66-68	Fas (TNF receptor superfamily member 6)	Mus musculus	30-33
2853694-7	1988	B220- cells out of NAPEC from lpr/lpr mice significantly enhanced O2- production by +/+ PEM.	Superoxides	66-68	Fas (TNF receptor superfamily member 6)	Mus musculus	34-37
2853694-9	1988	The culture supernatants of spleen cells from lpr/lpr mice contained so called "MAF" activity, because they enhanced O2- production by +/+ PEM significantly.	Superoxides	117-119	Fas (TNF receptor superfamily member 6)	Mus musculus	46-49
2853694-9	1988	The culture supernatants of spleen cells from lpr/lpr mice contained so called "MAF" activity, because they enhanced O2- production by +/+ PEM significantly.	Superoxides	117-119	Fas (TNF receptor superfamily member 6)	Mus musculus	50-53
2901665-2	1988	As a first step in understanding the mechanism of the inhibition, we investigated the number of beta-receptors required to optimally block superoxide anion production, a response that is measured kinetically by a convenient spectrophotometric assay for the reduction of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	139-155	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	270-282
2841980-0	1988	A pulse radiolysis investigation of the reactions of myeloperoxidase with superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	74-84	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	53-68
2841980-1	1988	Using pulse radiolysis, the rate constant for the reaction of ferric myeloperoxidase with O2- to give compound III was measured at pH 7.8, and values of 2.1.10(6) M-1.s-1 for equine ferric myeloperoxidase and 1.1.10(6) M-1.s-1 for human ferric myeloperoxidase were obtained.	Superoxides	90-92	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	189-204
2841980-3	1988	Our results indicate that although the reaction of ferric myeloperoxidase with O2- is an order of magnitude slower than with H2O2, the former reaction is sufficiently rapid to influence myeloperoxidase-dependent production of hypochlorous acid by stimulated neutrophils.	Superoxides	79-81	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	58-73
2841980-3	1988	Our results indicate that although the reaction of ferric myeloperoxidase with O2- is an order of magnitude slower than with H2O2, the former reaction is sufficiently rapid to influence myeloperoxidase-dependent production of hypochlorous acid by stimulated neutrophils.	Superoxides	79-81	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	186-201
2840517-2	1988	The amount of superoxide radical generation can be monitored by spectrophotometric measurement of cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	14-32	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	98-110
3182500-8	1988	Pretreatment with catalase (1,000 U/ml) and superoxide dismutase (250 U/ml) attenuated the EPR signal, indicating that proximal formation of O2 free radicals was in part responsible for the signal.	Superoxides	141-143	catalase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	18-26
2851210-3	1988	Evaluation in production of superoxide anion, caused by the activating effect of FMLP, proved to be useful as a diagnostic and prognostic criterion.	Superoxides	28-44	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	81-85
2843104-2	1988	Legionella micdadei cells contain an acid phosphatase (ACP2) which blocks superoxide anion production by human neutrophils stimulated with formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) [A. K. Saha, et al.	Superoxides	74-90	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	159-163
3220661-3	1988	Since intravenously injected Cu++/Zn++-type superoxide dismutase (SOD) rapidly undergoes renal glomerular filtration and appears in urine in its intact form, its clinical use as a scavenger for superoxide radicals has been highly limited.	Superoxides	44-54	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	66-69
2846218-8	1988	Superoxide anion production by PMN and monocytes from HD and CAPD patients in response to C5a and fMLP was also significantly decreased compared to controls.	Superoxides	0-16	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	90-93
2846218-8	1988	Superoxide anion production by PMN and monocytes from HD and CAPD patients in response to C5a and fMLP was also significantly decreased compared to controls.	Superoxides	0-16	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	98-102
2846218-9	1988	PMN superoxide production in response to C5a was decreased by an average of 36.5% (p less than 0.001) for HD patients and 32.0% (p less than 0.001) for CAPD patients.	Superoxides	4-14	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	41-44
2846218-10	1988	fMLP-stimulated production of superoxide was also decreased but to a lesser degree with a mean decrease of 18.0% (p less than 0.01) for HD patients and 24.1% decrease (p less than 0.01) for CAPD patients.	Superoxides	30-40	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
2846218-11	1988	This decreased responsiveness was restricted to C5a- and fMLP-stimulated superoxide production since phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-stimulated responses were comparable to controls.	Superoxides	73-83	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	48-51
2846218-11	1988	This decreased responsiveness was restricted to C5a- and fMLP-stimulated superoxide production since phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-stimulated responses were comparable to controls.	Superoxides	73-83	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	57-61
2846218-14	1988	Analysis of the binding of fluorescent C5a to PMN showed a direct correlation between decreased C5a binding and decreased O2- production and MPO release.	Superoxides	122-124	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	39-42
2846218-14	1988	Analysis of the binding of fluorescent C5a to PMN showed a direct correlation between decreased C5a binding and decreased O2- production and MPO release.	Superoxides	122-124	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	96-99
2840318-1	1988	The rise in cytosolic free Ca2+, shape change, superoxide formation, and granule exocytosis induced in human neutrophils by N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) and by a newly discovered activating peptide, neutrophil-activating factor, termed NAF, were compared.	Superoxides	47-57	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	146-150
2967866-2	1988	Pre-treatment of neutrophils with PT completely inhibited FMLP stimulation of superoxide production and blocked over 95% of FMLP-stimulated degranulation.	Superoxides	78-88	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	58-62
2839363-2	1988	The extracellular Ca2+ is required for the O2- production of neutrophils stimulated by C5a, but is only partially required for those by immune complex.	Superoxides	43-45	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	87-90
2839364-0	1988	The effect of inhibition of both diacylglycerol metabolism and phospholipase A2 activity on superoxide generation by human neutrophils.	Superoxides	92-102	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	63-79
2838554-4	1988	For detection of granulocyte activation the following assay systems were used: 1) lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence (CL), 2) superoxide-dismutase (SOD) inhibitable cytochrome C-reduction (superoxide), 3) horseradish peroxidase-mediated oxidation of phenol red (hydrogen peroxide), 4) release of myeloperoxidase, 5) ultrastructural detection of hydrogen peroxide-production, and 6) scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM, respectively).	Superoxides	129-139	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	151-154
2839459-1	1988	We have examined the potential of IFN-gamma to ameliorate the physiologic defect of CGD by studying its effects on CGD phagocyte superoxide generation, NADPH-oxidase kinetics, and expression of the gene for the phagocyte cytochrome b heavy chain.	Superoxides	129-139	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	34-43
2839589-4	1988	In contrast, in formyl-methionyl-leucine-phenylalanine (FMLP)-activated cells the increase in superoxide production was only accompanied by an increase in particulate fraction-associated protein kinase C activity if the cells were pretreated with cytochalasin B.	Superoxides	94-104	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	56-60
2843172-0	1988	Superoxide modulates the activity of myeloperoxidase and optimizes the production of hypochlorous acid.	Superoxides	0-10	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	37-52
2839835-2	1988	Interferon gamma has been shown to augment phagocyte superoxide production, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this effect have remained unknown.	Superoxides	53-63	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-16
2840754-5	1988	Addition of NADPH to whole testis or Leydig cell mitochondria, but not tubule mitochondria, caused an additional formation of superoxide anion, which was unrelated to the respiratory chain, accelerated several-fold by menadione, and presumably catalyzed by NADPH-cytochrome c reductase and cytochrome P-450.	Superoxides	126-142	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	290-306
2840754-8	1988	It is likely that both NADPH-cytochrome c reductase and cytochrome P-450 were involved in the microsomal generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	119-129	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	56-72
2840754-13	1988	Together with cytochrome P-450-dependent hydroxylases, e.g., BP and DMBA hydroxylases, this superoxide generation may reflect a potential for cell-specific peroxidative damage in the testis.	Superoxides	92-102	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	14-30
2844154-2	1988	To determine the mechanism(s) by which adenosine inhibits O2- generation stimulated by the chemoattractant N-formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine (FMLP), we examined cyclic AMP (cAMP) concentrations, stimulated membrane depolarization and Ca2+ movements.	Superoxides	58-60	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	145-149
3421921-7	1988	Both C5a and PMA stimulate superoxide production.	Superoxides	27-37	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	5-8
3421921-8	1988	The action of C5a on superoxide formation is also inhibited by neomycin, a phospholipase inhibitor.	Superoxides	21-31	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	14-17
3421921-10	1988	Phospholipase C and kinase C may, however, be components of the pathway leading from C5a binding to superoxide production.	Superoxides	100-110	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	85-88
2457300-3	1988	Histamine and H2-receptor agonists inhibit the generation of superoxide anion from human neutrophils activated by FMLP and by substance P.	Superoxides	61-77	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	114-118
2457300-3	1988	Histamine and H2-receptor agonists inhibit the generation of superoxide anion from human neutrophils activated by FMLP and by substance P.	Superoxides	61-77	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	126-137
2843172-3	1988	To determine how O2- affects the formation of HOCl, chlorination of monochlorodimedon by myeloperoxidase was investigated using xanthine oxidase and hypoxanthine as a source of O2- and H2O2.	Superoxides	17-19	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	89-104
2843172-3	1988	To determine how O2- affects the formation of HOCl, chlorination of monochlorodimedon by myeloperoxidase was investigated using xanthine oxidase and hypoxanthine as a source of O2- and H2O2.	Superoxides	177-179	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	89-104
2843172-9	1988	Myeloperoxidase catalytically inhibited O2- -dependent reduction of Nitro Blue Tetrazolium.	Superoxides	40-42	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	0-15
2843172-10	1988	This inhibition is explained by myeloperoxidase undergoing a cycle of reactions with O2-, H2O2 and O2-, with compounds III and II as intermediates, i.e., by myeloperoxidase acting as a combined SOD/catalase enzyme.	Superoxides	85-87	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	32-47
2843172-10	1988	This inhibition is explained by myeloperoxidase undergoing a cycle of reactions with O2-, H2O2 and O2-, with compounds III and II as intermediates, i.e., by myeloperoxidase acting as a combined SOD/catalase enzyme.	Superoxides	85-87	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	157-172
2843172-10	1988	This inhibition is explained by myeloperoxidase undergoing a cycle of reactions with O2-, H2O2 and O2-, with compounds III and II as intermediates, i.e., by myeloperoxidase acting as a combined SOD/catalase enzyme.	Superoxides	85-87	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	194-197
2843172-10	1988	This inhibition is explained by myeloperoxidase undergoing a cycle of reactions with O2-, H2O2 and O2-, with compounds III and II as intermediates, i.e., by myeloperoxidase acting as a combined SOD/catalase enzyme.	Superoxides	92-94	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	32-47
2843172-10	1988	This inhibition is explained by myeloperoxidase undergoing a cycle of reactions with O2-, H2O2 and O2-, with compounds III and II as intermediates, i.e., by myeloperoxidase acting as a combined SOD/catalase enzyme.	Superoxides	92-94	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	157-172
2843172-10	1988	This inhibition is explained by myeloperoxidase undergoing a cycle of reactions with O2-, H2O2 and O2-, with compounds III and II as intermediates, i.e., by myeloperoxidase acting as a combined SOD/catalase enzyme.	Superoxides	92-94	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	194-197
2843172-11	1988	By preventing the accumulation of inactive compound II, O2- enhances the activity of myeloperoxidase.	Superoxides	56-58	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	85-100
2839459-5	1988	All subjects whose phagocytes had responded in vitro showed complete or partial correction of the CGD defect in superoxide generation for up to 1 month after IFN-gamma administration.	Superoxides	112-122	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	158-167
2834374-2	1988	Various agents elicit different responses; N-formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine (fMLP) (0.1 microM) provokes brisk generation of superoxide anion; leukotriene B4 (LTB4, 0.1 microM) is a poor stimulus.	Superoxides	129-145	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	81-85
2834374-13	1988	A 47,000 Mr protein was phosphorylated with kinetics consistent with the production of O2- and DG in response to fMLP (early and late) and PMA (late).	Superoxides	87-89	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	113-117
2843166-1	1988	NADPH-dependent superoxide production by intact human neutrophils is inhibited by DPI (diphenyleneiodonium), when stimulated by either FMLP (N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine) or PMA (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate).	Superoxides	16-26	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	135-139
2835006-4	1988	In the presence of cytochrome c the methylene blue caused a sharp decrease in both paraquat-induced superoxide and hydroxyl radical production.	Superoxides	100-110	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	19-31
2843167-7	1988	Secondly, the superoxide anions formed in the first step are dismuted by SOD to generate hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen, and hence the equilibrium in the first step is displaced in favour of the formation of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	14-31	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	73-76
2843167-7	1988	Secondly, the superoxide anions formed in the first step are dismuted by SOD to generate hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen, and hence the equilibrium in the first step is displaced in favour of the formation of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	216-233	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	73-76
2843167-10	1988	The superoxide anions do not seem to participate in the reduction of Fe3+ ions, since superoxide anions are rapidly dismuted by SOD present in the reaction mixture.	Superoxides	86-103	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	128-131
2844208-1	1988	The modulation of cyclic AMP levels and superoxide release in isolated FMLP-stimulated human PMN by two oxacyclic analogs and one carbacyclic analog of PGI2 and by PGE1 is investigated over a wide range of concentrations of the test compounds.	Superoxides	40-50	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	71-75
2844208-4	1988	In contrast, all prostanoids dose-dependently inhibit FMLP-induced superoxide release almost to completion.	Superoxides	67-77	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	54-58
2838419-5	1988	However, exposure of monocytes to recombinant IL 1 alpha or IL 1 beta resulted in enhanced generation of superoxide response following stimulation with PMA.	Superoxides	105-115	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	60-69
2836491-6	1988	Superoxide (O2-) generation was measured with a microassay of superoxide dismutase-inhibitable cytochrome c reduction in response to several soluble and particulate agonists.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	95-107
2836491-6	1988	Superoxide (O2-) generation was measured with a microassay of superoxide dismutase-inhibitable cytochrome c reduction in response to several soluble and particulate agonists.	Superoxides	12-14	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	95-107
2834450-10	1988	rTNF plus either rIFN-gamma or rIL-2 triggered significant increases in superoxide anion production, but subsequent MAC killing was no greater than with rTNF alone.	Superoxides	72-88	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
2836539-4	1988	In contrast to their inhibitory effects on granule exocytosis, diC6, diC8 and OAG enhanced FMLP-, AGEPC-, LTB4 and A23187-stimulated O2- production.	Superoxides	133-135	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	91-95
2844739-3	1988	When the superoxide anions were trapped with cytochrome c, the proton release was increased (35.8 +/- 0.5 nmol/min/10(7) cells) until the cytochrome c was reduced.	Superoxides	9-26	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	45-57
3129984-1	1988	DT diaphorase catalyzes the transfer of two electrons to quinones to form relatively stable hydroquinones, thus protecting cells from damage by semiquinone production and subsequent superoxide radical formation.	Superoxides	182-192	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-13
2844739-3	1988	When the superoxide anions were trapped with cytochrome c, the proton release was increased (35.8 +/- 0.5 nmol/min/10(7) cells) until the cytochrome c was reduced.	Superoxides	9-26	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	138-150
2844739-4	1988	Since the protons released from the activated cells would be consumed by the generated superoxide anions in the extracellular medium, the net amount of the protons released was 3-4-fold greater than that observed in the absence of extracellular cytochrome c.	Superoxides	87-104	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	245-257
2847495-2	1988	In the concentration range 10(2)-10(4) IU/ml beta-IFN enhanced superoxide anion (O2-) production evoked by the peptide N-formylmethionyl-leucylphenylalanine (FMLP), 10(-7) M, when O2- production elicited by FMLP in the absence of beta-IFN treatment was 2.43 +/- 0.32 nmol cytochrome C reduced/10(6) cells/min.	Superoxides	63-79	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	158-162
2847495-2	1988	In the concentration range 10(2)-10(4) IU/ml beta-IFN enhanced superoxide anion (O2-) production evoked by the peptide N-formylmethionyl-leucylphenylalanine (FMLP), 10(-7) M, when O2- production elicited by FMLP in the absence of beta-IFN treatment was 2.43 +/- 0.32 nmol cytochrome C reduced/10(6) cells/min.	Superoxides	180-182	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	158-162
2833660-7	1988	This ATP-induced rise in intracellular free Ca2+ concentration is correlated with the enhancement of FMLP-stimulated O2- generation both with respect to dose and nucleotide specificity.	Superoxides	117-119	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	101-105
24221416-6	1988	Catalase, cyanide and ascorbate, a superoxide scavenger, all individually inhibited the SHAM-stimulated O2 uptake.	Superoxides	35-45	catalase	Homo sapiens	0-8
2837920-3	1988	Compared to the superoxide dismutase-sensitive reduction of acetylated cytochrome c, a 3750-fold lower amount of microsomal protein was necessary to produce an O2- signal 10-fold above the background.	Superoxides	160-162	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	71-83
2831710-2	1988	O2- production by neonatal PMNs was increased: when stimulated with 10(-7)M FMLP, O2- values (nanomoles; mean +/- SE) produced by 10(6) PMNs were 16.5 +/- 1.3 for neonatal PMNs and 12.6 +/- 0.6 for adult PMNs (p less than .02).	Superoxides	0-2	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	76-80
2831710-2	1988	O2- production by neonatal PMNs was increased: when stimulated with 10(-7)M FMLP, O2- values (nanomoles; mean +/- SE) produced by 10(6) PMNs were 16.5 +/- 1.3 for neonatal PMNs and 12.6 +/- 0.6 for adult PMNs (p less than .02).	Superoxides	82-84	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	76-80
2831710-3	1988	When studied under various concentrations (10(-9) to 10(-6)M) of FMLP, neonatal PMNs produced more O2- than adult cells under the stimulation of a lower concentration (10(-8)M) as well as a higher concentration (10(-7)M) of FMLP.	Superoxides	99-101	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	65-69
2831710-6	1988	To analyze further the mechanism for the increase in FMLP-induced O2- production by neonatal PMNs, we next studied whether there was some abnormality in their FMLP receptors.	Superoxides	66-68	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	53-57
2831710-9	1988	These results demonstrate that the increased production of O2- by FMLP-stimulated neonatal PMNs is not due to the abnormality of its binding to the receptors but is due to that of the subsequent events.	Superoxides	59-61	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	66-70
2830926-1	1988	Upon activation by formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP), either in the presence of absence of cytochalasin B, neutrophils from old subjects generated significantly less superoxide than did neutrophils from the young.	Superoxides	177-187	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	58-62
3349599-1	1988	This assay for superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) activity involves inhibition of nitroblue tetrazolium reduction, with xanthine-xanthine oxidase used as a superoxide generator.	Superoxides	15-25	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	37-40
2832316-2	1988	The lymphokine inhibited the locomotion of neutrophils and augmented the neutrophil oxygen-dependent respiratory burst in response to N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (FMLP) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), as measured by their capacity to produce chemiluminescence, H2O2 and superoxide.	Superoxides	293-303	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	181-185
2833969-4	1988	The protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor H-7 prevented benoxaprofen-mediated activation of superoxide generation by PMNL.	Superoxides	87-97	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	4-20
2830314-2	1988	Preincubation of neutrophils with recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (rH TNF-alpha) enhanced the subsequent release of superoxide anion in response to various concentrations of N-formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine (FMLP).	Superoxides	130-146	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	52-79
2830314-2	1988	Preincubation of neutrophils with recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (rH TNF-alpha) enhanced the subsequent release of superoxide anion in response to various concentrations of N-formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine (FMLP).	Superoxides	130-146	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	84-93
2830314-2	1988	Preincubation of neutrophils with recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (rH TNF-alpha) enhanced the subsequent release of superoxide anion in response to various concentrations of N-formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine (FMLP).	Superoxides	130-146	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	226-230
2830314-4	1988	Not only was the total amount of superoxide anion released greater, but the rate of release was also enhanced threefold by rH TNF-alpha.	Superoxides	33-49	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	126-135
2829357-0	1988	A newly defined property of somatotropin: priming of macrophages for production of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	83-99	growth hormone 1	Rattus norvegicus	28-40
2833969-4	1988	The protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor H-7 prevented benoxaprofen-mediated activation of superoxide generation by PMNL.	Superoxides	87-97	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	22-25
3367538-11	1988	These findings suggest that superoxide radical anion and its scavenger, superoxide dismutase, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of liver cell necrosis.	Superoxides	28-52	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	72-92
2826629-8	1988	This caused a parallel inhibition of Con A or FMLP elicited [Ca2+]i transients and O2- release, while burst activity stimulated by PMA was unaffected.	Superoxides	83-85	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	46-50
2827903-7	1988	Exposure of JB6 cells to 0.2- (superoxide anion radical) generated exogenously by the aerobic xanthine oxidase reaction resulted in promotion of neoplastic transformation that was prevented by concurrent addition of CuZn-SOD.	Superoxides	31-55	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	216-224
2827903-11	1988	GSH-Px activity recovered to basal levels within 4 h and CuZn-SOD within 48 h. Catalase activity was maximally reduced to 50% of basal within 1 h after TPA treatment and rebounded to greater than basal levels within 4 h. It is postulated that a c-kinase-dependent event induces rapid elevation of superoxide anion following TPA exposure and that this leads to reduced activity of antioxidant enzymes.	Superoxides	297-313	catalase	Homo sapiens	79-87
2828112-3	1988	In this report we demonstrate that the build up in concentration of H2O2 during most reactions in which superoxide anion is being produced is not enough to affect the rate of cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	104-120	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	175-187
3359197-5	1988	These data suggest that the reduction of CuZn-SOD and Mn-SOD activities during ischemia, in conjunction with the significant decrease in the contents of alpha-tocopherol and other endogenous antioxidants, may compromise the brain"s ability to defend against the toxic effects of superoxide radicals formed by ischemia and by subsequent reoxygenation.	Superoxides	279-298	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	41-49
2853111-3	1988	This is prevented by superoxide dismutase (SOD), indicating that the superoxide radical is generated by the resulting Amadori compounds.	Superoxides	21-31	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	43-46
2829860-1	1988	Cysteamine oxidation was shown to be catalysed by nanomolar concentrations of myeloperoxidase in a peroxidase-oxidase reaction, i.e. an O2-consuming oxidation of a compound catalysed by peroxidase without H2O2 addition.	Superoxides	136-138	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	78-93
2855005-0	1988	Reactions of myeloperoxidase with superoxide and hydrogen peroxide: significance for its function in the neutrophil.	Superoxides	34-44	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	13-28
2450692-4	1988	Under these conditions, the content of cytochrome P450 was enhanced concomitantly with increases in the total microsomal oxygen uptake, superoxide radical generation and (+)-catechin (cyanid-3-ol) sensitive respiration.	Superoxides	136-154	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	39-54
2465241-5	1988	Any changes in the total activity of MPO may reflect the balance between the factors which may stimulate it as tumor promoters enhancing the production of superoxide anion or the inhibitory effect of plasma.	Superoxides	155-171	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	37-40
2824608-4	1987	Purified MONAP stimulate human neutrophil chemotaxis at an estimated molarity of 5 x 10(-11) M. Half-maximal enzyme release of cytochalasin B pretreated neutrophils occurred at 2 to 3 x 10(-10) M, whereas superoxide anion production elicited by various concentrations of MONAP was found to be low.	Superoxides	205-221	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	9-14
3384345-11	1988	It appears that the SOD mimic, DF-Mn, can enter mammalian cells and can protect against the cytotoxic effects of O2-.	Superoxides	113-115	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	20-23
2826882-21	1988	Taking advantage of this information, treatment of ATP or of supernatant fluids from thrombin-stimulated platelets with alkaline phosphatase (resulting in formation of adenosine) converts the O2-.	Superoxides	192-194	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	85-93
2826882-28	1988	These data demonstrate a direct relationship between effects of adenine compounds on FMLP induced changes in cytosolic Ca++ and the associated O2-.	Superoxides	143-146	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	85-89
2446631-2	1987	The potency of that inhibition by either PGD2 or PGE1 was the same when zymosan was used as a stimulator whereas PGE2 and 6-keto-PGE1 were by 13 and 21 times less potent inhibitors of O2-) in zymosan-stimulated as compared to FMLP-activated PMNs.	Superoxides	184-186	prostaglandin D2 synthase	Homo sapiens	41-45
2446631-5	1987	It is concluded that PGD2 and PGEs use a common basic mechanism for inhibition of the generation of O2- by PMNs activated with FMLP or zymosan.	Superoxides	100-102	prostaglandin D2 synthase	Homo sapiens	21-25
2446631-5	1987	It is concluded that PGD2 and PGEs use a common basic mechanism for inhibition of the generation of O2- by PMNs activated with FMLP or zymosan.	Superoxides	100-102	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	127-131
2446631-8	1987	It is hypothesised that inhibition of the generation of O2- in PMNs and, possibly, in other cells by PGD2, PGE2 and by products of prostacyclin biotransformation might be responsible for their cytoprotective action in myocardial infarction, stroke, liver damage and peripheral vascular disease.	Superoxides	56-58	prostaglandin D2 synthase	Homo sapiens	101-105
2828775-7	1987	The superoxide radical-caused effect could be partially prevented by co-addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD) which dismutates O2- to H2O2 and O2.	Superoxides	4-22	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	84-104
2828775-7	1987	The superoxide radical-caused effect could be partially prevented by co-addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD) which dismutates O2- to H2O2 and O2.	Superoxides	4-22	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	106-109
2828775-7	1987	The superoxide radical-caused effect could be partially prevented by co-addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD) which dismutates O2- to H2O2 and O2.	Superoxides	128-130	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	84-104
2828775-7	1987	The superoxide radical-caused effect could be partially prevented by co-addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD) which dismutates O2- to H2O2 and O2.	Superoxides	128-130	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	106-109
2828775-7	1987	The superoxide radical-caused effect could be partially prevented by co-addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD) which dismutates O2- to H2O2 and O2.	Superoxides	137-139	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	84-104
2828775-7	1987	The superoxide radical-caused effect could be partially prevented by co-addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD) which dismutates O2- to H2O2 and O2.	Superoxides	137-139	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	106-109
2828775-8	1987	On the other hand, in the presence of antibodies against the SOD, the effect of superoxide anions on RNA-matrix attachment was enhanced and its inhibition by SOD was abolished.	Superoxides	80-97	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	61-64
3256529-8	1988	The data suggest the possible involvement of superoxide radicals in the inactivation of catalase by ozone.	Superoxides	45-55	catalase	Homo sapiens	88-96
2842264-8	1988	Under these conditions superoxide release, measured by cytochrome c reduction, was inhibited to a lesser degree.	Superoxides	23-33	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	55-67
2847985-0	1988	Increased superoxide anion production and glutathione peroxidase activity in peritoneal macrophages from autoimmune-prone MRL/Mp-Ipr/lpr mice.	Superoxides	10-26	Fas (TNF receptor superfamily member 6)	Mus musculus	133-136
2828451-6	1988	As a parameter of cell activation, superoxide release (SOR) was measured by cytochrome C reduction in the supernatant after 30, 60, and 90 minutes.	Superoxides	35-45	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	76-88
2848181-2	1988	Human C-reactive protein activates peritoneal macrophages of guinea pigs to release superoxide anion in vitro.	Superoxides	84-100	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	6-24
2848181-3	1988	The effect of human C-reactive protein (CRP) on macrophage function was studied in an assay of superoxide anion (O2-) production.	Superoxides	95-111	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	40-43
2848181-4	1988	Peritoneal exudate macrophages (PEM) of guinea pigs exposed in vitro to various doses of CRP for 72 hr resulted in the development of O2- production dose-dependently, measured by increases in superoxide dismutase-inhibitable nitro blue tetrazolium reduction.	Superoxides	134-136	C-reactive protein	Cavia porcellus	89-92
2848181-6	1988	The O2- production by PEM exposed to CRP for 18 hr when control PEM were still high in O2- production, was decreased by larger doses of CRP, while PEM cultured without CRP for 72 hr, when O2- production by control PEM was very low, followed by incubation with CRP for another 18 hr, produced O2- CRP-dose-dependently as in the case of that observed after 72-hr incubation with CRP.	Superoxides	4-6	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	37-40
2848181-6	1988	The O2- production by PEM exposed to CRP for 18 hr when control PEM were still high in O2- production, was decreased by larger doses of CRP, while PEM cultured without CRP for 72 hr, when O2- production by control PEM was very low, followed by incubation with CRP for another 18 hr, produced O2- CRP-dose-dependently as in the case of that observed after 72-hr incubation with CRP.	Superoxides	4-6	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	136-139
2848181-6	1988	The O2- production by PEM exposed to CRP for 18 hr when control PEM were still high in O2- production, was decreased by larger doses of CRP, while PEM cultured without CRP for 72 hr, when O2- production by control PEM was very low, followed by incubation with CRP for another 18 hr, produced O2- CRP-dose-dependently as in the case of that observed after 72-hr incubation with CRP.	Superoxides	4-6	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	136-139
2848181-6	1988	The O2- production by PEM exposed to CRP for 18 hr when control PEM were still high in O2- production, was decreased by larger doses of CRP, while PEM cultured without CRP for 72 hr, when O2- production by control PEM was very low, followed by incubation with CRP for another 18 hr, produced O2- CRP-dose-dependently as in the case of that observed after 72-hr incubation with CRP.	Superoxides	4-6	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	136-139
2848181-6	1988	The O2- production by PEM exposed to CRP for 18 hr when control PEM were still high in O2- production, was decreased by larger doses of CRP, while PEM cultured without CRP for 72 hr, when O2- production by control PEM was very low, followed by incubation with CRP for another 18 hr, produced O2- CRP-dose-dependently as in the case of that observed after 72-hr incubation with CRP.	Superoxides	4-6	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	136-139
2848181-6	1988	The O2- production by PEM exposed to CRP for 18 hr when control PEM were still high in O2- production, was decreased by larger doses of CRP, while PEM cultured without CRP for 72 hr, when O2- production by control PEM was very low, followed by incubation with CRP for another 18 hr, produced O2- CRP-dose-dependently as in the case of that observed after 72-hr incubation with CRP.	Superoxides	4-6	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	136-139
2848181-6	1988	The O2- production by PEM exposed to CRP for 18 hr when control PEM were still high in O2- production, was decreased by larger doses of CRP, while PEM cultured without CRP for 72 hr, when O2- production by control PEM was very low, followed by incubation with CRP for another 18 hr, produced O2- CRP-dose-dependently as in the case of that observed after 72-hr incubation with CRP.	Superoxides	87-89	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	37-40
2848181-6	1988	The O2- production by PEM exposed to CRP for 18 hr when control PEM were still high in O2- production, was decreased by larger doses of CRP, while PEM cultured without CRP for 72 hr, when O2- production by control PEM was very low, followed by incubation with CRP for another 18 hr, produced O2- CRP-dose-dependently as in the case of that observed after 72-hr incubation with CRP.	Superoxides	87-89	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	37-40
3322281-4	1987	Crude and pure NAF stimulated human neutrophils to release granule enzymes and to produce superoxide and H2O2.	Superoxides	90-100	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	15-18
2824615-0	1987	Enhancement of neutrophil superoxide production by preincubation with recombinant human tumor necrosis factor.	Superoxides	26-36	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	88-109
2824615-5	1987	Although exposure of neutrophils to TNF alone caused no superoxide anion production, it enhanced the O2- production in response to the chemotactic peptide, f-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) or the tumor promotor, phorbol myristate acetate, by as much as 278%.	Superoxides	101-103	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	36-39
2824615-7	1987	The TNF enhancement of FMLP-induced O2- production was blocked when an anti-TNF monoclonal antibody 241-1H11, is present during the preincubation period.	Superoxides	36-38	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	4-7
2824615-7	1987	The TNF enhancement of FMLP-induced O2- production was blocked when an anti-TNF monoclonal antibody 241-1H11, is present during the preincubation period.	Superoxides	36-38	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	76-79
2822807-3	1987	Superoxide anion synthesis by stimulated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) may be measured as superoxide dismutase-inhibitable cytochrome C (Cytc) reduction in a rapid microplate assay.	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	135-147
2822807-3	1987	Superoxide anion synthesis by stimulated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) may be measured as superoxide dismutase-inhibitable cytochrome C (Cytc) reduction in a rapid microplate assay.	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	149-153
2822807-5	1987	Examination of the reduction kinetics indicated that depressed superoxide detection at higher cell densities might be a consequence of Cytc re-oxidation by later metabolites in the oxidative burst.	Superoxides	63-73	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	135-139
2820532-1	1987	We compared the ability of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (rHuTNF-alpha) and tumor necrosis factor-beta (rHuTNF-beta) to stimulate polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) migration and superoxide production.	Superoxides	195-205	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	45-72
2823131-4	1987	The number of breaks was reduced by the prior addition of a metal chelator, indicating that some of the breaks may have been caused by the metal-catalyzed (Fenton reaction) reduction products, hydrogen peroxide or hydroxyl radical Catalase almost completely inhibited break induction by O2-, evidence for a role of hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	287-289	catalase	Homo sapiens	231-239
2825613-3	1987	Preliminary experiments suggest that these drugs may exert their inhibitory effect on superoxide release by inhibiting the FMLP stimulated hydrolysis of phosphoinositides.	Superoxides	86-96	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	123-127
2821069-0	1987	Recombinant interferon gamma augments phagocyte superoxide production and X-chronic granulomatous disease gene expression in X-linked variant chronic granulomatous disease.	Superoxides	48-58	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	12-28
2821069-2	1987	Granulocytes and macrophages from three patients in two kindreds with "variant" X-linked CGD (i.e., with very low, but detectable, baseline superoxide-generating activity) responded to IFN-gamma with enhanced nitroblue tetrazolium reduction and two- to eightfold increases in superoxide generation.	Superoxides	140-150	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	185-194
2821069-2	1987	Granulocytes and macrophages from three patients in two kindreds with "variant" X-linked CGD (i.e., with very low, but detectable, baseline superoxide-generating activity) responded to IFN-gamma with enhanced nitroblue tetrazolium reduction and two- to eightfold increases in superoxide generation.	Superoxides	276-286	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	185-194
3040270-3	1987	Hydrogen peroxide and its biosynthetic precursor superoxide anion (O2-) mediate, however, a strong augmentation of the TCGF production by accessory cell-depleted T-cell populations in the presence of lactate.	Superoxides	49-65	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	119-123
3040270-3	1987	Hydrogen peroxide and its biosynthetic precursor superoxide anion (O2-) mediate, however, a strong augmentation of the TCGF production by accessory cell-depleted T-cell populations in the presence of lactate.	Superoxides	67-69	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	119-123
2820212-3	1987	In fact, chemiluminescence and superoxide anion generation by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) stimulated with zymosan particles or with the synthetic peptide FMLP are inhibited by nimesulide and its 4-OH metabolite in a dose dependent fashion without affecting cell viability.	Superoxides	31-47	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	161-165
3038160-4	1987	PAF enhanced FMLP-elicited superoxide release in a dose-dependent fashion.	Superoxides	27-37	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
3034779-3	1987	Human PMNs were reacted with different phagocytic stimuli in the presence and absence of lysosomal cationic proteins and the amount of O2- generated was determined by superoxide dismutase inhibitable reduction of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	135-137	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	213-225
3034779-6	1987	A protein fraction mainly eluted in void volume inhibited the cytochrome c reduction by O2- formed during phagocytosis.	Superoxides	88-90	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	62-74
3035031-5	1987	On the other hand, superoxide dismutase (SOD) (0.02-0.2 mg), a scavenger of superoxide anion, which had been injected intradermally just before UV radiation, significantly prevented the depletion of LC, although not completely (37-40% of the original density).	Superoxides	76-92	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Cavia porcellus	19-39
3035031-5	1987	On the other hand, superoxide dismutase (SOD) (0.02-0.2 mg), a scavenger of superoxide anion, which had been injected intradermally just before UV radiation, significantly prevented the depletion of LC, although not completely (37-40% of the original density).	Superoxides	76-92	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Cavia porcellus	41-44
2826385-4	1987	Our findings suggest that XO-derived O2 metabolites contribute to acute edematous lung injury from hyperoxia directly and by enhancing susceptibility to neutrophil elastase.	Superoxides	37-39	elastase, neutrophil expressed	Rattus norvegicus	153-172
2828610-3	1987	Studies with scavengers of reactive oxygen species revealed that, while reagents directed against singlet oxygen and the hydroxyl radical were without effect, cytochrome C reduced the response to A23187 by about 50%, suggesting that the superoxide anion radical is a major product of the activated human spermatozoon.	Superoxides	237-261	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	159-171
2820532-0	1987	Regulation of neutrophil migration and superoxide production by recombinant tumor necrosis factors-alpha and -beta: comparison to recombinant interferon-gamma and interleukin-1 alpha.	Superoxides	39-49	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	76-114
2828616-1	1987	The antiinflammatory agent piroxicam caused dose dependent inhibition of N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) induced monocyte superoxide release in vitro, but had no effect on the response to serum treated zymosan, phorbol myristate acetate or the calcium ionophore A23187.	Superoxides	136-146	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	113-117
2828616-2	1987	The inhibitory effect on the superoxide response to FMLP correlated with inhibition of specific 3H-FMLP binding.	Superoxides	29-39	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	52-56
2828616-2	1987	The inhibitory effect on the superoxide response to FMLP correlated with inhibition of specific 3H-FMLP binding.	Superoxides	29-39	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	99-103
3040725-0	1987	The reaction of superoxide, formate radical, and hydrated electron with transferrin and its model compound, Fe(III)-ethylenediamine-N,N"-bis[2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acid] as studied by pulse radiolysis.	Superoxides	16-26	transferrin	Homo sapiens	72-83
2824301-4	1987	The production of superoxide anion by the neutrophils upon exposure to the liver membrane vesicles prepared from the same patient was assessed by measuring the rate of cytochrome c reduction before and after the addition of superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	18-34	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	168-180
3300657-5	1987	The PMN production of superoxide anion induced by various FMLP concentrations (10(-7), 10(-6) and 10(-5) M) was also decreased by diclofenac.	Superoxides	22-38	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	58-62
3039994-0	1987	O2- photogenerated from aqueous solutions of tetracycline antibiotics (pH 7.3) as evidenced by DMPO spin trapping and cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	0-2	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	118-130
3039994-1	1987	UV-irradiation of several tetracycline antibiotics in aqueous buffer (pH 7.3) resulted in the generation of the superoxide anion radical (O2-) which was detected by cytochrome c reduction and by spin trapping with 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide and was inhibited by superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	112-136	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	165-177
3039994-1	1987	UV-irradiation of several tetracycline antibiotics in aqueous buffer (pH 7.3) resulted in the generation of the superoxide anion radical (O2-) which was detected by cytochrome c reduction and by spin trapping with 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide and was inhibited by superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	138-141	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	165-177
3663400-1	1987	It has been established that the pyrogallol autoxidation method for the estimation of the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) (EC 1.15.1.1) is superior in precision and sensitivity to a superoxide-generating method (NADH/phenazine methosulfate linked to nitroblue tetrazolium reduction).	Superoxides	102-112	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	124-127
3038212-9	1987	Neutrophil superoxide anion (O2-) production induced by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) was determined in the other 11 patients with MDS.	Superoxides	11-27	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	97-101
3038212-9	1987	Neutrophil superoxide anion (O2-) production induced by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) was determined in the other 11 patients with MDS.	Superoxides	29-31	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	97-101
3038212-11	1987	Preincubation with rhG-CSF caused a significant increase in fMLP-induced O2- production in nine of the 11 patients with MDS.	Superoxides	73-75	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	60-64
3038302-5	1987	Mo exposed to CRP for 48 h also demonstrated elevated superoxide anion production when challenged with phorbol myristate acetate.	Superoxides	54-70	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	14-17
2824343-5	1987	C5a elicited release of beta-glucuronidase as well as generation of superoxide-anions was seen more often to be impaired as compared to chemotactic migration.	Superoxides	68-85	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
2959729-2	1987	The combination of 10 nM RA and IFN-alpha A/D at concentrations of 120 units/ml and higher induces differentiation into cells having many monocytic characteristics such as monocyte-like morphology, ability of superoxide anion production, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, and nonspecific esterase activity.	Superoxides	209-225	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	32-41
3039121-0	1987	Beta-endorphin stimulates human polymorphonuclear leukocyte superoxide production via a stereoselective opiate receptor.	Superoxides	60-70	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	0-14
3039121-3	1987	In this study we used a ferricytochrome C reduction microassay to measure superoxide (O2-) production by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes after stimulation with beta-endorphin (beta-END).	Superoxides	74-84	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	163-177
3039121-3	1987	In this study we used a ferricytochrome C reduction microassay to measure superoxide (O2-) production by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes after stimulation with beta-endorphin (beta-END).	Superoxides	74-84	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	179-187
2820637-5	1987	Adherent cells produced considerably higher amounts of superoxide than suspended cells when stimulated with formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, ionophore A 23187, C5a, C5adesArg, and the platelet activating factor 1-o-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine.	Superoxides	55-65	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	166-169
3036978-6	1987	Our results demonstrate that amiloride inhibits superoxide anion production by FMLP, A23187, and opsonized zymosan by causing a slower rate of release and lower maximal release without altering lag time.	Superoxides	48-64	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	79-83
3036978-9	1987	These data suggest that PMN superoxide release induced by FMLP, A23187, and opsonized zymosan is likely modulated by amiloride-sensitive Na+-H+ exchange; and phorbol ester-induced superoxide anion release and degranulation by any stimulant do not appear to be modulated by inhibition of an amiloride-sensitive Na+-H+ exchange.	Superoxides	28-38	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	58-62
2436951-6	1987	Superoxide dismutase and catalase, which catalyze the breakdown of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide, respectively, limit experimental myocardial infarct size.	Superoxides	67-83	catalase	Canis lupus familiaris	25-33
3034672-4	1987	The production of the superoxide anion, as measured by the rate of reduction of cytochrome c, was negligible until a certain "critical" value of the bead:neutrophil ratio was reached.	Superoxides	22-38	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	80-92
3034277-0	1987	Effects of the protein kinase C inhibitor H-7 and calmodulin antagonist W-7 on superoxide production in growing and resting human histiocytic leukemia cells (U937).	Superoxides	79-89	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	50-60
3034277-3	1987	Both the protein kinase C inhibitor 1-(5-isoquinolinylsulfonyl) 2-methylpiperidine (H-7) and calmodulin antagonist N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalenesulfonamide (W-7) reduced the superoxide generation induced by these stimuli.	Superoxides	184-194	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	93-103
3567194-3	1987	Ferrous chloride-induced depolarization was prevented by superoxide dismutase, catalase and dimethyl sulfoxide, suggesting roles for the superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and the hydroxyl radical in effecting this depolarization, possibly through a Fenton-type reaction mechanism.	Superoxides	137-153	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	79-87
3828359-5	1987	Inhibition of ferric leghemoglobin reduction by superoxide dismutase and catalase indicated that superoxide and hydrogen peroxide may be intermediates in the reaction.	Superoxides	48-58	leghemoglobin A	Glycine max	21-34
3495372-1	1987	The scavenger effect of melanin and of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity on superoxide anion has been shown.	Superoxides	78-94	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	39-59
3031166-1	1987	Superoxide production by stimulated phagocytes is commonly measured by reduction of ferricytochrome C, with specificity of the assay assumed if the reaction is inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	173-193
3031166-1	1987	Superoxide production by stimulated phagocytes is commonly measured by reduction of ferricytochrome C, with specificity of the assay assumed if the reaction is inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	195-198
3031166-7	1987	These effects of catalase and SOD on ferricytochrome C reduction/ferrocytochrome C oxidation were also demonstrated when superoxide was produced independently of monocytes by a xanthine and xanthine oxidase generating system.	Superoxides	121-131	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	30-33
3031166-8	1987	It is concluded that the assay of superoxide, using "SOD inhibitable" reduction of ferricytochrome C, underestimates superoxide production.	Superoxides	34-44	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	53-56
3031166-8	1987	It is concluded that the assay of superoxide, using "SOD inhibitable" reduction of ferricytochrome C, underestimates superoxide production.	Superoxides	117-127	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	53-56
3034162-4	1987	These experiments address this apparent contradiction and focus on the specific issue of why the addition of SOD protects at low but not at high O2 concentrations.	Superoxides	145-147	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	109-112
3495372-1	1987	The scavenger effect of melanin and of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity on superoxide anion has been shown.	Superoxides	78-94	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	61-64
3030427-2	1987	When D-penicillamine was added to myeloperoxidase under turnover conditions, Compound III was formed, the superoxide derivative of the enzyme.	Superoxides	106-116	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	34-49
3031132-2	1987	In this study, the effects of Ab 1-15 on PMN membrane-related functions were characterized: Ab 1-15 inhibited PMN superoxide (O-2) response to FMLP by 60% (P less than 0.005) without effect on the onset or duration of O-2 production.	Superoxides	114-124	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	143-147
2441083-4	1987	These results suggest that cytochrome c is directly reduced by the cuprous ion released from bleomycin-Cu (II) in a reducing reaction with cysteine and nitroblue tetrazolium chloride is reduced by the superoxide anion formed in the reaction of the cuprous ion with oxygen.	Superoxides	201-217	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	27-39
3039355-1	1987	Human monoblast-like histiocytic lymphoma cell line U937 was induced by a macrophage activating factor for O2- production (MAF-O) to produce O2- in response to phorbol myristate acetate stimulation.	Superoxides	107-109	MAF bZIP transcription factor	Homo sapiens	123-126
3039355-1	1987	Human monoblast-like histiocytic lymphoma cell line U937 was induced by a macrophage activating factor for O2- production (MAF-O) to produce O2- in response to phorbol myristate acetate stimulation.	Superoxides	107-110	MAF bZIP transcription factor	Homo sapiens	123-126
3028273-1	1987	Citrate-Fe3+, reportedly a physiological chelate, exhibits superoxide dismutaselike activity, as evidenced by the inhibition of xanthine oxidase-dependent cytochrome c reduction; the dismutation of xanthine oxidase-generated superoxide to hydrogen peroxide and oxygen, and the enhanced disproportionation of potassium superoxide.	Superoxides	59-69	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	155-167
3034003-4	1987	At the same concentrations both agents scavenged superoxide released by FMLP-activated PMNL, inhibited oxidant generation by extracellular MPO and decreased FMLP-induced auto-oxidation of PMNL.	Superoxides	49-59	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	72-76
3801673-2	1987	Buffy coat granulocytes incubated with as little as 0.5 ng/mL of recombinant TNF (rTNF) showed a dose-related increase in nitroblue tetrazolium dye reduction, in granulocyte polarization, in superoxide anion release, and in visually apparent aggregation.	Superoxides	191-207	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	77-80
2823014-4	1987	The most consistently abnormal of these tests was the fMLP-stimulated superoxide anion generation, which was low in six of seven patients tested.	Superoxides	70-86	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	54-58
2823014-13	1987	From these studies it was concluded that fMLP-stimulated superoxide generation may be a sensitive marker for neutrophil dysfunction in the myelodysplastic syndrome.	Superoxides	57-67	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	41-45
2949752-6	1987	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) accelerated 3-HAT auto-oxidation 4-fold, probably by preventing back reactions between superoxide and either the anthranilyl radical or the quinoneimine formed during the initial step of auto-oxidation.	Superoxides	114-124	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
2949752-6	1987	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) accelerated 3-HAT auto-oxidation 4-fold, probably by preventing back reactions between superoxide and either the anthranilyl radical or the quinoneimine formed during the initial step of auto-oxidation.	Superoxides	114-124	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
3025026-3	1987	This reoxidation can significantly affect estimates of rates and amounts of superoxide production using absorbance changes for cytochrome c at 550 nm as the assay.	Superoxides	76-86	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	127-139
3028347-5	1987	Superoxide was required for the initiation of LDL oxidation as indicated by inhibition of the reaction by early addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	124-144
3028347-5	1987	Superoxide was required for the initiation of LDL oxidation as indicated by inhibition of the reaction by early addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	146-149
3040333-1	1987	Previous studies have suggested that neutrophil complement receptor type three (CR3) has two binding sites: (1) a site for fixed iC3b that does not trigger ingestion or a superoxide (O2-) burst, and (2) a function-triggering site for the beta-glucan component of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) cell walls.	Superoxides	171-181	integrin alpha M	Mus musculus	80-83
3040333-1	1987	Previous studies have suggested that neutrophil complement receptor type three (CR3) has two binding sites: (1) a site for fixed iC3b that does not trigger ingestion or a superoxide (O2-) burst, and (2) a function-triggering site for the beta-glucan component of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) cell walls.	Superoxides	183-185	integrin alpha M	Mus musculus	80-83
2836493-1	1987	Diazepam (DZP) inhibited in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner superoxide anion generation and chemiluminescence from human neutrophils stimulated by the formylated oligopeptide FMLP and by the calcium ionophore A23187.	Superoxides	70-86	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	185-189
2836493-3	1987	Ro 5-4864, a specific ligand for peripheral type benzodiazepine (BZ) binding site, inhibited superoxide generation induced by FMLP, while clonazepam (CNZ), which is selective for brain sites, did not possess any activity.	Superoxides	93-103	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	126-130
3667109-2	1987	It was found capable of dose-dependently (1-8 X 10(-5) M) inhibiting FMLP-induced activation, as shown by a decrease of enzyme release and free-radical formation (superoxide anion generation and chemiluminescence).	Superoxides	163-179	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	69-73
3036985-2	1987	Larger volume was shown to correlate with increased superoxide release with either the chemotactic peptide F-met-leu-phe (FMLP) or the tumor promotor phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).	Superoxides	52-62	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	122-126
3031189-4	1987	Following this receptor-mediated interaction, recombinant TNF-alpha was found to inhibit the migration of PMNs under agarose and to enhance PMN production of superoxide anion (O-2) in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	158-174	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	58-67
3031189-4	1987	Following this receptor-mediated interaction, recombinant TNF-alpha was found to inhibit the migration of PMNs under agarose and to enhance PMN production of superoxide anion (O-2) in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	176-179	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	58-67
3033694-8	1987	SOD enzyme disposes cytotoxic superoxide radicals which, if not removed, could impair the normal functioning of cellular membrane and produce a variety of psychedelic compounds as well.	Superoxides	30-49	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
3033694-9	1987	The activation of central SOD by lithium would enhance the disposal process of superoxide radicals whose pathological concentrations may be present in affective disorders.	Superoxides	79-98	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	26-29
3037973-7	1987	Substance P, but not the other neuropeptides, increased substantially the proportion of macrophages able to secrete superoxide ions, suggesting a possible influence on macrophage capacity to deal with microbial infection.	Superoxides	116-126	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	0-11
3032157-2	1987	Apo-lactoferrin and apo-transferrin protect against iron-ion-dependent hydroxyl-radical (.OH) generation from H2O2 in the presence of superoxide radicals or ascorbic acid at pH 7.4, whether the necessary iron is added as ionic iron or as ferritin.	Superoxides	134-153	transferrin	Homo sapiens	24-35
3024757-4	1987	Superoxide anion production was measured as superoxide dismutase-inhibitable cytochrome C reduction.	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	77-89
3024757-5	1987	Purified biosynthetic GM-CSF enhanced superoxide anion production by neutrophils in response to f-MLP, C5a desArg, and LTB4.	Superoxides	38-54	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	96-101
3024757-5	1987	Purified biosynthetic GM-CSF enhanced superoxide anion production by neutrophils in response to f-MLP, C5a desArg, and LTB4.	Superoxides	38-54	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	103-106
2820596-6	1987	In contrast, the addition of 1-naphthol to PMA-stimulated neutrophils interfered with superoxide-dependent cytochrome c reduction as well as luminol-dependent chemiluminescence and also resulted in protein binding.	Superoxides	86-96	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	107-119
3782096-6	1986	Cytochalasin B enhances several fMLP-stimulated neutrophil responses, including aggregation, superoxide production, and degranulation.	Superoxides	93-103	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	32-36
3030427-7	1987	Concomitantly, Compound I of myeloperoxidase would be reduced to Compound II and superoxide anions would be generated from oxygen.	Superoxides	81-98	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	29-44
3032917-2	1986	Essentially all of the stimulation-specific DCIP reduction under aerobic conditions could be inhibited when high concentrations of superoxide dismutase (SOD), about 10 times those usually used to inhibit the superoxide (O-2)-mediated cytochrome c reduction, were used.	Superoxides	131-141	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Cavia porcellus	153-156
3023484-4	1986	Superoxide anion production by eosinophils stimulated with standard doses of the stimulant phorbol myristic acetate (TPA) (1 microgram/ml) was augmented approximately 20% by preincubation with IL 1.	Superoxides	0-16	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	193-197
3023484-6	1986	At suboptimal doses of TPA, there was a dose-dependent inhibition of superoxide anion production in the presence of IL 1.	Superoxides	69-85	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	116-120
3023484-8	1986	When IL 1 was added to eosinophils stimulated by TPA in the presence of calcium ionophore, there was a dose-dependent increase in superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	130-146	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	5-9
3096995-6	1986	Moreover, delipidated apoB-100, containing less than 3% residual phospholipid, inhibited neutrophil responses to urate crystals or latex beads (degranulation and superoxide anion release) in a stimulus-specific manner.	Superoxides	162-178	apolipoprotein B	Homo sapiens	22-30
3021817-3	1986	In addition, rH GM-CSF enhanced N-formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine(FMLP)-stimulated degranulation of Cytochalasin B pretreated neutrophils and FMLP-stimulated superoxide production.	Superoxides	161-171	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	69-73
3021817-3	1986	In addition, rH GM-CSF enhanced N-formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine(FMLP)-stimulated degranulation of Cytochalasin B pretreated neutrophils and FMLP-stimulated superoxide production.	Superoxides	161-171	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	145-149
3024362-1	1986	Potassium superoxide (KO2) forms superoxide anion (O2-) in aqueous medium as measured by the superoxide dismutase (SOD)-inhibitable cytochrome c reduction assay of McCord and Fridovich.	Superoxides	33-49	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	132-144
3027925-2	1986	The appearance of superoxide anion radical in cerebral extracellular space during VIP application was examined by measuring the rate of superoxide dismutase (SOD)-inhibitable reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT).	Superoxides	18-42	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Felis catus	82-85
3027925-4	1986	We also examined the effect of scavenging of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide by topical application of SOD plus catalase on the vasodilator effect of VIP (0.05-1.0 microgram/ml).	Superoxides	45-55	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Felis catus	151-154
3020040-1	1986	When dihydrocytochalasin (dhCB) was added either prior to or after CHO-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP), the rate and duration of superoxide production in human granulocytes stimulated by fMLP was augmented.	Superoxides	116-126	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	174-178
3020040-6	1986	Myeloperoxidase and lactoferrin release from fMLP-stimulated cells was induced by dhCB but was only partially correlated with the potentiating effects of dhCB on superoxide production and receptor expression.	Superoxides	162-172	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	0-15
3020040-6	1986	Myeloperoxidase and lactoferrin release from fMLP-stimulated cells was induced by dhCB but was only partially correlated with the potentiating effects of dhCB on superoxide production and receptor expression.	Superoxides	162-172	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	45-49
3018555-11	1986	From these results, it was concluded that superoxide radicals intracellularly generated by MV include DNA damage, which causes cytotoxicity and mutation induction in E. coli, and that DNA damage induced by oxygen radicals is repairable by at least recA, polA and exrA(lexA) gene-controlled mechanisms.	Superoxides	42-61	DNA repair system	Escherichia coli	263-273
2429406-6	1986	The collected metabolic data were interpreted in terms of a causal relationship between an increase in superoxide radical generation, secondary to cytochrome P-450 induction and a resulting increase in lipid peroxidation.	Superoxides	103-121	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	147-163
3017990-2	1986	We have utilized monoclonal antibodies against the two IgG Fc receptors (p40 and p72) of U937 cells to stimulate the release of superoxide.	Superoxides	128-138	DEAD-box helicase 17	Homo sapiens	81-84
3019354-3	1986	We have investigated the effects of these drugs on monocyte superoxide anion (SO) generation elicited by 5 different stimuli-opsonised zymosan (STZ), FMLP, A23187, TPA and fluoride--and sought correlations with effects on two processes which have been linked with monocyte activation, namely arachidonate (AA) release and transmethylation of phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE) to phosphatidylcholine (PC).	Superoxides	60-76	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	150-154
3019354-3	1986	We have investigated the effects of these drugs on monocyte superoxide anion (SO) generation elicited by 5 different stimuli-opsonised zymosan (STZ), FMLP, A23187, TPA and fluoride--and sought correlations with effects on two processes which have been linked with monocyte activation, namely arachidonate (AA) release and transmethylation of phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE) to phosphatidylcholine (PC).	Superoxides	78-80	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	150-154
3026233-2	1986	Superoxide anion production was determined by using the succinoylated cytochrome c reduction assay.	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	70-82
3017475-2	1986	The membrane potential responses were correlated to the cells" respiratory burst capabilities as measured by nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction and/or superoxide production in response to FMLP; 40.2% +/- 15.1% (mean +/- SD) of cells depolarized to FMLP.	Superoxides	154-164	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	191-195
3017475-8	1986	The percentage of depolarizing PMNs in response to FMLP was significantly correlated with the percentage of NBT-positive cells from both purified PMNs and from whole blood (r = .849, P less than .0005, r = .857, P less than .05, respectively), and with the amount of superoxide produced, expressed as a percentage of that amount produced by cytochalasin B (cyto-B)-pretreated cells (r = .565, P less than .01).	Superoxides	267-277	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	51-55
3016052-8	1986	Our study shows that the suppression of both FMLP- and PMA-induced synthesis of O2- by neutrophils is most dramatic at a reduced pH and is probably related to the intracellular accumulation of F-.	Superoxides	80-82	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	45-49
16664999-0	1986	Hydroxamate-Stimulated O(2) Uptake in Roots of Pisum sativum and Zea mays, Mediated by a Peroxidase : Its Consequences for Respiration Measurements.	Superoxides	23-27	peroxidase 1	Zea mays	89-99
16664999-3	1986	We also show that the hydroxamate-stimulated O(2) uptake is due to the activation of a peroxidase catalyzing reduction of O(2).	Superoxides	45-49	peroxidase 1	Zea mays	87-97
16664999-3	1986	We also show that the hydroxamate-stimulated O(2) uptake is due to the activation of a peroxidase catalyzing reduction of O(2).	Superoxides	122-126	peroxidase 1	Zea mays	87-97
16664999-7	1986	The consequence of the present finding for in vivo respiration measurements is that the use of low concentrations of salicylhydroxamic acid and uncoupler is reliable only in the presence of a suitable superoxide free radical scavenger which prevents activation of the peroxidase.	Superoxides	201-211	peroxidase 1	Zea mays	268-278
3016093-13	1986	These data indicate that H2O2 produced by LK-activated MP is derived exclusively by enzymatic dismutation of O2- mediated by a manganese-containing SOD.	Superoxides	27-29	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Cavia porcellus	148-151
3016093-14	1986	The increase in spontaneous H2O2 production induced by LK is therefore secondary to augmented O2- production that occurs at a cellular location where O2- is accessible to SOD.	Superoxides	94-96	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Cavia porcellus	171-174
3017361-2	1986	The possibility that the active oxygen participating in the above reaction is the superoxide anion (O2-) or a species generated from O2- was examined with the help of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and with an SOD-mimetic agent, CuDIPS [Cu2+(3,5-diisopropylsalicylic acid)2].	Superoxides	82-98	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	167-187
3017361-2	1986	The possibility that the active oxygen participating in the above reaction is the superoxide anion (O2-) or a species generated from O2- was examined with the help of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and with an SOD-mimetic agent, CuDIPS [Cu2+(3,5-diisopropylsalicylic acid)2].	Superoxides	82-98	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	189-192
3017361-2	1986	The possibility that the active oxygen participating in the above reaction is the superoxide anion (O2-) or a species generated from O2- was examined with the help of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and with an SOD-mimetic agent, CuDIPS [Cu2+(3,5-diisopropylsalicylic acid)2].	Superoxides	82-98	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	206-209
3019332-2	1986	[3H]-AA was released from pre-labeled cells upon AA stimulation, and phospholipase A2 inhibitors reduced in parallel the release of [3H]-AA and superoxide.	Superoxides	144-154	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	69-85
3028671-2	1986	In eight experiments using different batches of enzyme, the mean +/- SE rate of superoxide generation from 100 U of enzyme measured as the superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of cytochrome c was 5.06 +/- 0.19 nmol/min in the first minute and 0.35 +/- 0.03 nmol/min subsequently.	Superoxides	80-90	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	185-197
3017216-3	1986	We now report that, in the presence of NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase, these drugs undergo redox cycling to generate superoxide which mediates a slow, reductive release of iron from ferritin, the major intracellular iron storage protein.	Superoxides	119-129	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	39-71
3016031-7	1986	With neutrophils stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate, which release very little myeloperoxidase, hydroxyl radical production was enhanced due to the additional superoxide produced by the cells.	Superoxides	166-176	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	86-101
3026327-0	1986	Regulation of superoxide generation by myeloperoxidase during the respiratory burst of human neutrophils.	Superoxides	14-24	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	39-54
3026327-5	1986	In cell suspensions stimulated in the presence of anti-(human myeloperoxidase) antibody, the magnitude of the initial phase of both O2 uptake and O2-.	Superoxides	132-134	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	62-77
3026327-5	1986	In cell suspensions stimulated in the presence of anti-(human myeloperoxidase) antibody, the magnitude of the initial phase of both O2 uptake and O2-.	Superoxides	146-148	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	62-77
3026327-7	1986	It is therefore proposed that a product of myeloperoxidase normally regulates the duration of O2-.	Superoxides	94-96	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	43-58
3015137-0	1986	Tumor necrosis factor provokes superoxide anion generation from neutrophils.	Superoxides	31-47	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-21
3015137-1	1986	We report that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) provokes superoxide anion generation from human neutrophils.	Superoxides	52-68	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	15-36
3015137-1	1986	We report that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) provokes superoxide anion generation from human neutrophils.	Superoxides	52-68	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	38-41
3015137-2	1986	Superoxide anion generation was provoked at TNF concentration of 1 X 10(-11) M and maximal generation was attained at TNF concentration of 1 X 10(-9) M. We also show that movements of intracellular calcium may mediate the TNF-stimulated superoxide anion generation because 8-(diethylamino) octyl 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate hydrochloride--but not extracellular EGTA--inhibited the generation of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	0-16	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	44-47
3015137-2	1986	Superoxide anion generation was provoked at TNF concentration of 1 X 10(-11) M and maximal generation was attained at TNF concentration of 1 X 10(-9) M. We also show that movements of intracellular calcium may mediate the TNF-stimulated superoxide anion generation because 8-(diethylamino) octyl 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate hydrochloride--but not extracellular EGTA--inhibited the generation of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	237-253	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	118-121
3015137-2	1986	Superoxide anion generation was provoked at TNF concentration of 1 X 10(-11) M and maximal generation was attained at TNF concentration of 1 X 10(-9) M. We also show that movements of intracellular calcium may mediate the TNF-stimulated superoxide anion generation because 8-(diethylamino) octyl 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate hydrochloride--but not extracellular EGTA--inhibited the generation of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	237-253	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	118-121
3015425-4	1986	The membrane modulators mepacrine, chlorpromazine and cepharanthine inhibited the superoxide generation produced by chemotactic peptide, FMLP, and/or digitonin in neutrophils.	Superoxides	82-92	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	137-141
3015425-5	1986	Inhibitory profiles of the activation parameters, however, demonstrate that membrane depolarization is not associated with superoxide generation: FMLP-induced depolarization was inhibited by the modulators tested and was accompanied by the suppression of superoxide generation, but the depolarization produced by digitonin was stimulated somewhat by these drugs.	Superoxides	255-265	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	146-150
3008848-1	1986	The reaction of superoxide anions with myeloperoxidase (donor: hydrogen-peroxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.11.1.7), which results in the formation of Compound III of myeloperoxidase, was investigated.	Superoxides	16-33	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	39-54
3008848-1	1986	The reaction of superoxide anions with myeloperoxidase (donor: hydrogen-peroxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.11.1.7), which results in the formation of Compound III of myeloperoxidase, was investigated.	Superoxides	16-33	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	161-176
3008848-2	1986	It is shown that myeloperoxidase has a high affinity for superoxide anions because formation of Compound III was only partially inhibited by high concentrations of superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	57-74	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	17-32
3008848-3	1986	Furthermore, when superoxide anions were generated in a mixture of both cytochrome c and myeloperoxidase in the absence of Cl-, only Compound III was formed and reduction of cytochrome c was not observed.	Superoxides	18-35	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	72-84
3008848-3	1986	Furthermore, when superoxide anions were generated in a mixture of both cytochrome c and myeloperoxidase in the absence of Cl-, only Compound III was formed and reduction of cytochrome c was not observed.	Superoxides	18-35	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	89-104
3008848-3	1986	Furthermore, when superoxide anions were generated in a mixture of both cytochrome c and myeloperoxidase in the absence of Cl-, only Compound III was formed and reduction of cytochrome c was not observed.	Superoxides	18-35	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	174-186
3008728-0	1986	Formation of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals from 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+): reductive activation by NADPH cytochrome P-450 reductase.	Superoxides	13-23	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	115-147
3005364-1	1986	Extracellular superoxide was detected in cultures of monkey and human arterial smooth muscle cells as indicated by superoxide dismutase inhibitable reduction of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	14-24	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	161-173
3015137-2	1986	Superoxide anion generation was provoked at TNF concentration of 1 X 10(-11) M and maximal generation was attained at TNF concentration of 1 X 10(-9) M. We also show that movements of intracellular calcium may mediate the TNF-stimulated superoxide anion generation because 8-(diethylamino) octyl 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate hydrochloride--but not extracellular EGTA--inhibited the generation of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	392-408	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	118-121
3015137-2	1986	Superoxide anion generation was provoked at TNF concentration of 1 X 10(-11) M and maximal generation was attained at TNF concentration of 1 X 10(-9) M. We also show that movements of intracellular calcium may mediate the TNF-stimulated superoxide anion generation because 8-(diethylamino) octyl 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate hydrochloride--but not extracellular EGTA--inhibited the generation of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	392-408	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	118-121
3015137-3	1986	These results suggest that TNF may mediate some mechanisms of host defense by provoking superoxide anion generation from neutrophils.	Superoxides	88-104	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	27-30
3520557-1	1986	The nuclear gene for manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD; superoxide:superoxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.15.1.1) of yeast mitochondria was mapped on chromosome VIII and inactivated by gene disruption.	Superoxides	42-52	oxidoreductase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	93-107
3698229-1	1986	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), enzymes that degrade superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide, respectively, reduce size of infarction in anesthetized, open-chest dogs subjected to coronary occlusion followed by reperfusion.	Superoxides	68-84	catalase	Canis lupus familiaris	31-39
3698229-1	1986	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), enzymes that degrade superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide, respectively, reduce size of infarction in anesthetized, open-chest dogs subjected to coronary occlusion followed by reperfusion.	Superoxides	68-84	catalase	Canis lupus familiaris	41-44
3019332-4	1986	In a cell-free system, no release of [3H]-AA was observed after AA addition, whereas NADPH-oxidase was activated; the generation of superoxide was not inhibited by phospholipase inhibitors and was not initiated by adding phospholipase A2 to the preparation.	Superoxides	132-142	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	221-237
3004378-6	1986	The chemiluminescence response correlated with superoxide reduction of cytochrome C.	Superoxides	47-57	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	71-83
3017576-4	1986	A 3-day preincubation with IFN-gamma or 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 resulted in a 5- to 10-fold increase in PMA-stimulated production of O2- as compared to cells preincubated in medium alone.	Superoxides	127-129	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	27-36
3014952-8	1986	CL inhibition by SOD suggests that superoxide anion is involved in the production of CL.	Superoxides	35-51	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	17-20
3002297-3	1986	However, in contradistinction to normal cells pretreated with C5a, patient cells showed depressed superoxide response to N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenyl-alanine (FMLP) and enhanced FMLP receptor affinity.	Superoxides	98-108	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	62-65
3002297-3	1986	However, in contradistinction to normal cells pretreated with C5a, patient cells showed depressed superoxide response to N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenyl-alanine (FMLP) and enhanced FMLP receptor affinity.	Superoxides	98-108	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	163-167
3002297-5	1986	Our results showed a specific suppression of FMLP-induced superoxide production and a loss of low-affinity FMLP receptors.	Superoxides	58-68	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	45-49
3707552-3	1986	The inhibition of this effect by superoxide dismutase and catalase suggests that superoxide radical and H2O2 are involved.	Superoxides	81-99	catalase	Homo sapiens	58-66
3000476-2	1986	These IgG antibodies, designated Ab 1-14 and Ab 1-15, were selected for detailed study after initial testing revealed their significant inhibition of PMN superoxide generation in response to N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP) (64% for 1-14 and 64% for 1-15; P less than .05).	Superoxides	154-164	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	191-211
3940211-3	1986	Exposure of DNA to N-hydroxy-2-naphthylamine in the presence of catalase and superoxide dismutase, which break down hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anions, respectively, inhibited the production of this base damage.	Superoxides	138-155	catalase	Homo sapiens	64-72
3024961-1	1986	Quantum mechanical simulations of the mechanism of action of superoxide dismutase (SOD) indicate that the presence of Arg-141 in the active site of the enzyme is responsible for the formation of an intermediate complex between superoxide and the enzyme in which the copper is not reduced.	Superoxides	61-71	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	83-86
3024961-6	1986	These results are further support for the new proposed mechanism of action of SOD which is based on the inability of superoxide to reduce the cupric ion in the enzyme.	Superoxides	117-127	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	78-81
2850268-2	1986	radicals</compound-id> in enzymatic and radiolytic systems were investigated over the temperature range from 20 degrees-50 degrees C. The generation rate and reaction kinetics of both enzymatically and radiolytically produced superoxide radicals were determined by a cytochrome c reduction assay.	Superoxides	226-245	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	267-279
3003155-6	1986	In contrast, superoxide anion production stimulated by the complement anaphylatoxin peptide C5a or the synthetic chemotaxin formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine were not inhibited by C-I.	Superoxides	13-29	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	92-95
3029208-3	1986	Adherent cells were examined for their capacity to generate superoxide radicals (determined by superoxide dismutase (SOD)-inhibitable cytochrome C-reduction) at stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), serum-treated zymosan (STZ), the calcium ionophore A23187, or the chemotactic tripeptide formyl-methionylleucylphenylalanine (FMLP).	Superoxides	60-79	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	95-115
3029208-3	1986	Adherent cells were examined for their capacity to generate superoxide radicals (determined by superoxide dismutase (SOD)-inhibitable cytochrome C-reduction) at stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), serum-treated zymosan (STZ), the calcium ionophore A23187, or the chemotactic tripeptide formyl-methionylleucylphenylalanine (FMLP).	Superoxides	60-79	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	117-120
3029208-3	1986	Adherent cells were examined for their capacity to generate superoxide radicals (determined by superoxide dismutase (SOD)-inhibitable cytochrome C-reduction) at stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), serum-treated zymosan (STZ), the calcium ionophore A23187, or the chemotactic tripeptide formyl-methionylleucylphenylalanine (FMLP).	Superoxides	60-79	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	134-146
3029209-1	1986	The intracellular steady-state concentrations of hydrogen peroxide or superoxide anion were increased by inhibiting either catalase, glutathione peroxidase, or superoxide dismutase activities.	Superoxides	70-86	catalase	Homo sapiens	123-131
3029212-1	1986	The potential for iron bound to transferrin to be released and promote the peroxidation of phospholipid liposomes was investigated using ADP as a low molecular weight chelator and superoxide generated by the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system as the reducing agent.	Superoxides	180-190	transferrin	Homo sapiens	32-43
3035044-0	1986	Significant enhanced superoxide anion (O2-) production in vitro by peripheral blood monocytes of lepromatous leprosy patients stimulated with liposome and suppression by C-reactive protein (CRP).	Superoxides	21-37	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	170-188
3035044-0	1986	Significant enhanced superoxide anion (O2-) production in vitro by peripheral blood monocytes of lepromatous leprosy patients stimulated with liposome and suppression by C-reactive protein (CRP).	Superoxides	21-37	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	190-193
3035044-0	1986	Significant enhanced superoxide anion (O2-) production in vitro by peripheral blood monocytes of lepromatous leprosy patients stimulated with liposome and suppression by C-reactive protein (CRP).	Superoxides	39-41	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	170-188
3035044-0	1986	Significant enhanced superoxide anion (O2-) production in vitro by peripheral blood monocytes of lepromatous leprosy patients stimulated with liposome and suppression by C-reactive protein (CRP).	Superoxides	39-41	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	190-193
3035044-6	1986	The most dramatic suppression of O2- shown when purified CRP was added to the mixtures in all groups examined [0.4 +/- 0.1 (500 ng), 0.3 +/- 0.0 (500 ng), 1.5 +/- 0.1 (100 ng), and 1.3 +/- 0.6 (100 ng) nm O2-/1.5 X 10(5) PBM/well for normals, IM, lepromatous, and tuberculoid, respectively].	Superoxides	33-35	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	57-60
3035044-6	1986	The most dramatic suppression of O2- shown when purified CRP was added to the mixtures in all groups examined [0.4 +/- 0.1 (500 ng), 0.3 +/- 0.0 (500 ng), 1.5 +/- 0.1 (100 ng), and 1.3 +/- 0.6 (100 ng) nm O2-/1.5 X 10(5) PBM/well for normals, IM, lepromatous, and tuberculoid, respectively].	Superoxides	205-207	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	57-60
3035044-7	1986	Results of O2- formation with incorporation of CRP into liposome as compared with liposome alone had no significant effect on PBM of lepromatous or tuberculoid patients.	Superoxides	11-13	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	47-50
3009354-1	1985	Stimulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) or chemotactic factors such as f-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) activates a membrane oxidase which results in the generation of the superoxide anion (O2-) and the oxidation of NADPH to NADP+.	Superoxides	201-217	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	127-131
3003196-9	1986	In resident peritoneal macrophages that produced five times lower amounts of O2-, cytochrome b reduction was instead undetectable.	Superoxides	77-79	cytochrome b, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	82-94
3008321-2	1986	The cells were activated with N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) and O2- production was measured as superoxide dismutase inhibitable cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	81-83	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	145-157
3009354-1	1985	Stimulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) or chemotactic factors such as f-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) activates a membrane oxidase which results in the generation of the superoxide anion (O2-) and the oxidation of NADPH to NADP+.	Superoxides	219-221	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	127-131
3009354-6	1985	This pretreatment inhibited fMLP- and PMA-stimulated HMPS activity and O2- release by 80% and 60% respectively with a 50% inhibitory dose (ID50) of 5 X l0(-7)M. Measurement of reduced NADPH using 350 nm ultraviolet light-stimulated fluorescence and flow cytometry indicated that 6-aminonicotinamide had no effect on resting levels of NADPH fluorescence but significant inhibited the fluorescence recovery following stimulation with fMLP or PMA.	Superoxides	71-73	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
3000940-1	1985	Human blood leukocytes generated large amounts of superoxide (O2-) following stimulation by certain "cocktails" of soluble agents consisting of poly-L-arginine (PARG), phytohemagglutinin, the chemotactic peptide formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine and polyanethole sulfanote (liquoid).	Superoxides	50-60	poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase	Homo sapiens	144-159
3000940-1	1985	Human blood leukocytes generated large amounts of superoxide (O2-) following stimulation by certain "cocktails" of soluble agents consisting of poly-L-arginine (PARG), phytohemagglutinin, the chemotactic peptide formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine and polyanethole sulfanote (liquoid).	Superoxides	50-60	poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase	Homo sapiens	161-165
3000940-1	1985	Human blood leukocytes generated large amounts of superoxide (O2-) following stimulation by certain "cocktails" of soluble agents consisting of poly-L-arginine (PARG), phytohemagglutinin, the chemotactic peptide formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine and polyanethole sulfanote (liquoid).	Superoxides	62-65	poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase	Homo sapiens	144-159
3000940-1	1985	Human blood leukocytes generated large amounts of superoxide (O2-) following stimulation by certain "cocktails" of soluble agents consisting of poly-L-arginine (PARG), phytohemagglutinin, the chemotactic peptide formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine and polyanethole sulfanote (liquoid).	Superoxides	62-65	poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase	Homo sapiens	161-165
3000940-9	1985	Since PARG acted both as a cytolytic agent and as a inducer of O2- generation, we postulate that lytic agents might also act as "primers" of the nascent membrane oxidase which could, however, be further potentiated and activated by soluble agents acting in "multiple hits," PARG could be totally replaced either by LL or by digitonin in the generation of O2- provided that both PHA and cytochalasin B were present in the reaction mixtures.	Superoxides	63-65	poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase	Homo sapiens	6-10
3000940-9	1985	Since PARG acted both as a cytolytic agent and as a inducer of O2- generation, we postulate that lytic agents might also act as "primers" of the nascent membrane oxidase which could, however, be further potentiated and activated by soluble agents acting in "multiple hits," PARG could be totally replaced either by LL or by digitonin in the generation of O2- provided that both PHA and cytochalasin B were present in the reaction mixtures.	Superoxides	355-357	poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase	Homo sapiens	6-10
2998488-1	1985	It was demonstrated that in the presence of blood serum menadione and vicasol reduce cytochrome c in two ways, i. e., via O2-.	Superoxides	122-124	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	85-97
2995744-1	1985	Using the superoxide dismutase inhibitable reduction of cytochrome c assay, we studied, the effect of (-) naloxone on N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) stimulated superoxide (O2-) release from human neutrophils.	Superoxides	10-20	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	56-68
2995744-1	1985	Using the superoxide dismutase inhibitable reduction of cytochrome c assay, we studied, the effect of (-) naloxone on N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) stimulated superoxide (O2-) release from human neutrophils.	Superoxides	188-190	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	159-163
3877077-6	1985	Pertussis toxin pretreatment of both cell types inhibited FMLP stimulated membrane depolarization, exocytosis, and superoxide production in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	115-125	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	58-62
2995726-4	1985	Superoxide production to FMLP was 5.3 +/- 0.1 nmole FcC compared to 11.2 +/- 0.1 nmole for laboratory normals.	Superoxides	0-10	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	25-29
3933511-1	1985	An NADH cytochrome c reductase has been identified in plasma membrane fractions from neutrophils in addition to the superoxide producing NADPH oxidase which has been extensively studied by other investigators.	Superoxides	116-126	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	8-20
2995988-6	1985	The majority of the remaining damage could be blocked, in a dose-dependent manner, by superoxide dismutase (SOD) or a SOD-mimetic copper complex, identifying a fraction of damage to intracellular DNA dependent upon extracellular O2-.	Superoxides	229-231	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	86-106
2995988-6	1985	The majority of the remaining damage could be blocked, in a dose-dependent manner, by superoxide dismutase (SOD) or a SOD-mimetic copper complex, identifying a fraction of damage to intracellular DNA dependent upon extracellular O2-.	Superoxides	229-231	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	108-111
2995988-6	1985	The majority of the remaining damage could be blocked, in a dose-dependent manner, by superoxide dismutase (SOD) or a SOD-mimetic copper complex, identifying a fraction of damage to intracellular DNA dependent upon extracellular O2-.	Superoxides	229-231	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	118-121
2995254-6	1985	Streptococci which had been preopsonized by PARG, histone or by PHSTD also triggered superoxide generation by blood leukocytes, which was markedly enhanced by a series of cytochalasins.	Superoxides	85-95	poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase	Homo sapiens	44-48
3935004-2	1985	The system is based on utilization of the enzymes, purine-nucleoside phosphorylase and xanthine oxidase, to generate superoxide ions.	Superoxides	117-127	purine nucleoside phosphorylase	Homo sapiens	51-82
2995444-4	1985	The time course of the alkalinization was similar to that of FMLP-stimulated O2- production, which was complete by 5 min.	Superoxides	77-79	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
2996591-0	1985	Role of superoxide in the N-oxidation of N-(2-methyl-1-phenyl-2-propyl)hydroxylamine by the rat liver cytochrome P-450 system.	Superoxides	8-18	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	102-118
3894498-6	1985	Cellular processes that maintain high ionic gradients appear especially vulnerable to the superoxide anion, thus necessitating the presence of CuZn SOD to scavenge toxic free radicals of oxygen.	Superoxides	90-106	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	143-151
2996591-9	1985	The formed hydroxylamine then uncouples the cytochrome P-450 system to generate superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	80-90	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	44-60
2996591-11	1985	This superoxide-mediated oxidation represents another pathway for N-oxidation by cytochrome P-450.	Superoxides	5-15	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	81-97
2992450-0	1985	Production of the superoxide adduct of myeloperoxidase (compound III) by stimulated human neutrophils and its reactivity with hydrogen peroxide and chloride.	Superoxides	18-28	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	39-54
2992450-1	1985	Examination of the spectra of phagocytosing neutrophils and of myeloperoxidase present in the medium of neutrophils stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate has shown that superoxide generated by the cells converts both intravacuolar and exogenous myeloperoxidase into the superoxo-ferric or oxyferrous form (compound III or MPO2).	Superoxides	173-183	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	63-78
2992450-1	1985	Examination of the spectra of phagocytosing neutrophils and of myeloperoxidase present in the medium of neutrophils stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate has shown that superoxide generated by the cells converts both intravacuolar and exogenous myeloperoxidase into the superoxo-ferric or oxyferrous form (compound III or MPO2).	Superoxides	173-183	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	249-264
2992450-4	1985	Thus it appears that myeloperoxidase in the neutrophil must function predominantly as this superoxide derivative.	Superoxides	91-101	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	21-36
2992450-10	1985	Thus, although the reaction of neutrophil myeloperoxidase with superoxide does not appear to impair its chlorinating ability, the H2O2 concentration in its environment will determine whether the enzyme acts primarily as a catalase or peroxidase.	Superoxides	63-73	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	42-57
2987038-0	1985	Superoxide dismutase inhibits the superoxide-driven Fenton reaction at two different levels.	Superoxides	34-44	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
2987038-2	1985	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) completely inhibits the damage caused by a ferric-EDTA chelate in the presence of a superoxide-generating system.	Superoxides	111-121	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
2987038-2	1985	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) completely inhibits the damage caused by a ferric-EDTA chelate in the presence of a superoxide-generating system.	Superoxides	111-121	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
2989172-1	1985	Recent studies using inhibitors or synthetic substrates of serine protease suggest that membrane protease activity may be essential for neutrophil chemotaxis, phagocytosis, degranulation, and superoxide production.	Superoxides	192-202	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	59-74
2986556-8	1985	On the basis of these results and previous data on the lipid composition of hepatoma 3924A microsomes it is proposed that the high resistance to superoxide-dependent lipid peroxidation of hepatoma 3924A microsomes is related to the low substrate availability rather than the content of membrane antioxidants; and a limitation only in the propagation phase characterizes the hepatoma 9618A microsomal lipid peroxidation and would be due to the partial deficiency of the endogenous propagating agent, cytochrome P-450.	Superoxides	145-155	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	499-515
2989652-0	1985	Stimulation by lipoxygenase products of superoxide anion production in FMLP-treated neutrophils.	Superoxides	40-56	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	71-75
2989652-1	1985	Our recent observation that leukotriene B4 (10(-9)M) is a potent enhancer of FMLP-initiated neutrophil superoxide anion formation prompted an evaluation of the ability of other lipoxygenase products and related compounds to modulate this response.	Superoxides	103-119	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	77-81
2409774-1	1985	Histamine inhibits superoxide anion (O-2) production from human neutrophils stimulated by N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP).	Superoxides	19-35	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	130-134
2990646-4	1985	The cell lysis by the superoxide-generating xanthine oxidase system was not significantly increased by SOD, but was significantly decreased by nitroblue tetrazolium and completely abolished by catalase.	Superoxides	22-32	catalase	Mus musculus	193-201
2984574-5	1985	We have studied the effect of GM-CSF/NIF-T on superoxide anion generation in response to the bacterial chemo-attractant N-formylmethionyl-leucylphenylalanine (f-MLP), and report here that PMNs preincubated with either purified natural GM-CSF or biosynthetic (recombinant) GM-CSF showed increased (as much as fourfold) superoxide anion production in response to f-MLP.	Superoxides	46-62	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	159-164
2984574-5	1985	We have studied the effect of GM-CSF/NIF-T on superoxide anion generation in response to the bacterial chemo-attractant N-formylmethionyl-leucylphenylalanine (f-MLP), and report here that PMNs preincubated with either purified natural GM-CSF or biosynthetic (recombinant) GM-CSF showed increased (as much as fourfold) superoxide anion production in response to f-MLP.	Superoxides	46-62	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	361-366
2984574-5	1985	We have studied the effect of GM-CSF/NIF-T on superoxide anion generation in response to the bacterial chemo-attractant N-formylmethionyl-leucylphenylalanine (f-MLP), and report here that PMNs preincubated with either purified natural GM-CSF or biosynthetic (recombinant) GM-CSF showed increased (as much as fourfold) superoxide anion production in response to f-MLP.	Superoxides	318-334	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	159-164
2984121-4	1985	Afterwards, the amount of O2- produced became progressively higher in MPO-deficient cells at least until 120 min incubation with STZ.	Superoxides	26-28	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	70-73
2984122-3	1985	To determine whether the same or different cellular pathways are utilized, neutrophils were stimulated to release O2- with combinations of f-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP) (10(-7)M), C5a (25 nM), Con A (100 micrograms/ml), arachidonic acid (100 microM), and PMA (1 microgram/ml).	Superoxides	114-116	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	171-174
3158597-9	1985	The cytochrome c reduction decreased with the presence of human erythrocytes during phagocytosis, indicating a scavenging effect on the superoxide anions.	Superoxides	136-153	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	4-16
2989652-3	1985	It is of interest that the relative potency of these agents in potentiating the superoxide response to FMLP approximately parallels their reported ability to induce chemotactic activity in leukocytes.	Superoxides	80-90	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	103-107
2985075-3	1985	Pretreatment with PAF (0.0001 to 10 uM), which by itself did not elicit the burst, greatly enhanced the rate and extent of fMLP-induced superoxide production.	Superoxides	136-146	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	123-127
2985075-4	1985	A synergism of a different kind was observed with the reversed stimulus sequence: Pretreatment with fMLP made the neutrophils capable to respond to PAF with superoxide production.	Superoxides	157-167	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	100-104
2984939-2	1985	The use of the Ficoll-Hypaque method resulted in spontaneous change of cell shape, enhanced formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP)-stimulated release of superoxide anion, increased release of lysosomal enzymes upon subsequent FMLP stimulation, and reduced chemotactic responsiveness, by comparison with the other methods.	Superoxides	159-175	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	131-135
2985653-9	1985	Preincubation of neutrophils with NAF resulted in greater release of superoxide anion upon their subsequent stimulation by either bacterial phagocytosis or by phorbol myristate acetate, as compared with control neutrophils stimulated in a like manner.	Superoxides	69-85	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	34-37
2986277-5	1985	Superoxide production was observed as superoxide dismutase-inhibitable cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	71-83
2983715-4	1985	Blockade of the cytochrome c oxidase activity allows reproducible measurement of superoxide anion formation at low levels by red cells.	Superoxides	81-97	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	16-28
2981536-3	1985	Desferal also reacts with superoxide radical with a second-order rate constant approximately equal to 3 X 10(2) M-1 s-1 at pH 10.2 and approximately 9 X 10(2) M-1 s-1 at physiological pH.	Superoxides	26-44	tumor associated calcium signal transducer 2	Homo sapiens	112-119
2981536-3	1985	Desferal also reacts with superoxide radical with a second-order rate constant approximately equal to 3 X 10(2) M-1 s-1 at pH 10.2 and approximately 9 X 10(2) M-1 s-1 at physiological pH.	Superoxides	26-44	tumor associated calcium signal transducer 2	Homo sapiens	159-166
6325341-0	1984	Poly-L-arginine and an N-formylated chemotactic peptide act synergistically with lectins and calcium ionophore to induce intense chemiluminescence and superoxide production in human blood leukocytes.	Superoxides	151-161	poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase	Homo sapiens	0-15
2981649-3	1985	PGE1, PGE2, and PGD2 inhibit O2- generation (as measured by superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of ferricytochrome c) in a dose-dependent manner (10(-6)-10(-9) M) when human peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) are stimulated with 10(-7) M of the chemotactic peptide, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP).	Superoxides	29-31	prostaglandin D2 synthase	Homo sapiens	16-20
2981649-3	1985	PGE1, PGE2, and PGD2 inhibit O2- generation (as measured by superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of ferricytochrome c) in a dose-dependent manner (10(-6)-10(-9) M) when human peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) are stimulated with 10(-7) M of the chemotactic peptide, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP).	Superoxides	29-31	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	331-335
2981649-5	1985	Increments of cyclic AMP (cAMP) (peak: fourfold) in PGE1, PGE2, and PGD2 treated PMN stimulated with PMA or STZ (in which O2- was not reduced) were similar to those in PG-treated PMN stimulated with FMLP (in which O2- was reduced markedly).	Superoxides	122-124	cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide	Homo sapiens	26-30
2417944-3	1985	These studies show that IFN gamma, but not IFN alpha beta, induce an activation phenotype (low mannose fucosyl receptor levels, high Ia, high superoxide release) in bone marrow macrophages.	Superoxides	142-152	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	24-33
3915305-3	1985	Superoxide anion production that was dependent on the presence of PQ++ was shown by following the superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	144-156
3928764-1	1985	Adenosine is able to in vitro inhibit FMLP-dependent activation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes as evaluated by enzyme release, superoxide anion generation and chemiluminescence production.	Superoxides	128-144	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	38-42
6095912-3	1984	The penetration of the superoxide radicals across the liposomal membrane was detected by cytochrome c reduction in the inner liposome compartment.	Superoxides	23-33	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	89-101
6095920-2	1984	At concentrations of the enzyme (1 microgram/ml) that can be found in the extracellular fluid during inflammation, the myeloperoxidase-H2O2-Cl system inhibited the opsonizing effect of IgG and C3b measured as phagocytic uptake and superoxide generation.	Superoxides	231-241	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	119-134
6099711-2	1984	SOD activity was measured using two different systems of superoxide radical generation: pyrogallol autoxidation, and xanthine-xanthine oxidase reaction.	Superoxides	57-75	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
6092375-0	1984	The effect of human serum transferrin and milk lactoferrin on hydroxyl radical formation from superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	94-104	transferrin	Homo sapiens	26-37
6092375-4	1984	Partially saturated transferrin and lactoferrin present in normal subjects may protect cells from damage by binding iron that might catalyze hydroxyl radical formation from superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	173-183	transferrin	Homo sapiens	20-31
6089934-3	1984	Superoxide (O2-) production by stimulated PMNs was assessed by the superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	113-125
6089936-5	1984	Similar to PMN, PMN cytoplasts (PMN-CPs) produce equivalent amounts of O(2) in response to 10(-7) mol/L fMLP.	Superoxides	71-75	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	104-108
6089936-8	1984	PMN-CPs release O(2) efficiently in the absence of external Ca++ when stimulated with 10(-7) mol/L fMLP, whereas PMNs release significantly less O(2) under the same conditions.	Superoxides	16-20	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	99-103
6090887-3	1984	HgCl2 treatment of cells also caused a rapid leakage of superoxide radicals that were detected in their media by measurement of the reduction of exogenously added cytochrome c.	Superoxides	56-66	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	163-175
6091291-5	1984	FMLP-dependent superoxide anion generation and chemiluminescence were specifically inhibited by heparin at the concentration of 25 micrograms/ml.	Superoxides	15-31	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
6091535-1	1984	The ability of various antibiotics to inhibit superoxide anion(O-2)-mediated formation of adrenochrome from adrenaline and recovery of cytochrome c by xanthine oxidase was studied.	Superoxides	63-66	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	135-147
6100790-2	1984	Flunarizine, a calcium entry blocker drug, concentration-dependently inhibited FMLP and A23187-induced aggregation, enzyme release and superoxide anion generation from human granulocytes.	Superoxides	135-151	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	79-83
6330249-4	1984	The intracellular calcium antagonist TMB-8 and the calmodulin inhibitor trifluoperazine both lengthened the lag periods for superoxide anion generation with either stimulus.	Superoxides	124-140	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	51-61
6330249-8	1984	These results suggest a role for intracellular free calcium and calmodulin-dependent reactions in activation of the superoxide anion generation system in response to either stimulus, and activation of lysosomal enzyme release system in response to A23187.	Superoxides	116-132	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	64-74
6725961-6	1984	CL was linear with protein concentrations up to 100 micrograms and was shown to be at least 10 times more sensitive for the detection of O-2 than the assay based on the spectrophotometric determination of superoxide mediated cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	205-215	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	225-237
6086524-3	1984	Superoxide release induced by FMLP was inhibited by all three drugs with half-maximal inhibition (KI50) at 2.5, 30, and 120 microM for sulfinpyrazone, phenylbutazone, and indomethacin, respectively.	Superoxides	0-10	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	30-34
6327866-5	1984	The superoxide anion generated was measured by a cytochrome C reduction assay.	Superoxides	4-20	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	49-61
6611436-2	1984	Preincubation of rabbit or human PMN with piroxicam inhibited the cellular responses elicited by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) such as superoxide anion (O2-) generation, granule enzyme release and chemotaxis.	Superoxides	152-168	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	138-142
6611436-2	1984	Preincubation of rabbit or human PMN with piroxicam inhibited the cellular responses elicited by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) such as superoxide anion (O2-) generation, granule enzyme release and chemotaxis.	Superoxides	170-172	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	138-142
6464779-3	1984	Superoxide dismutase, catalase and different hydroxyl radical scavengers (mannitol, tris, formate and ethanol) markedly reduced the haemolytic effect of copper and catecholamine, suggesting the possibility that superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide, formed in the reaction system, cooperate in producing hydroxyl radicals, which are directly involved in the haemolytic action.	Superoxides	211-230	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	22-30
6331532-2	1984	The penetration of superoxide radicals across the liposomal membranes was followed by cytochrome c reduction in the interval volume of the liposomes.	Superoxides	19-29	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	86-98
3018065-1	1985	Addition of increasing concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) caused progressive decreases in dimethylthiourea (DMTU) concentrations which were inhibitable by simultaneous addition of catalase, but not the superoxide anion (O2-.)	Superoxides	62-64	catalase	Homo sapiens	188-196
2989662-6	1985	Superoxide production increased spontaneously and decreased from the 4th day; lymphokine added on the 4th day supressed the decrease of superoxide production.	Superoxides	136-146	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	78-88
6090467-6	1984	The initial rate and extent of fMLP-induced O2- production were also inhibited by [quin 2]i.	Superoxides	44-46	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	31-35
6091557-0	1984	Redox state of cytochrome c in the presence of the 6-hydroxydopamine/oxygen couple: oscillations dependent on the presence of hydrogen peroxide or superoxide.	Superoxides	147-157	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	15-27
6325345-3	1984	Carbobenzoxy-phenylalanyl-methionine (CBZ-PM), which competitively inhibits formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) -induced neutrophil functions, also inhibited pepstatin-induced neutrophil function of superoxide generation in a dose-dependent fashion.	Superoxides	208-218	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	115-119
6325345-5	1984	Furthermore, preincubation of neutrophils with suboptimal concentrations of FMLP or pepstatin diminished the cellular response toward either factor when tested for their chemotactic activity and for their ability to induce superoxide generation, to release granule enzymes, and to induce a transient increase in intracellular cAMP levels.	Superoxides	223-233	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	76-80
6715030-1	1984	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is known to regulate the level of superoxide radicals inside cells.	Superoxides	61-71	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
6715030-1	1984	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is known to regulate the level of superoxide radicals inside cells.	Superoxides	61-71	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
6715030-2	1984	The purpose of this work was to investigate the role of SOD activity in tissue damage produced by superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	98-108	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	56-59
6319411-0	1984	Excretion of superoxide by phagocytes measured with cytochrome c entrapped in resealed erythrocyte ghosts.	Superoxides	13-23	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	52-64
6142713-1	1984	Sulfasalazine, a drug useful in the therapy of inflammatory bowel disease, was found to block N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP)-induced arthritis in rabbits as well as FMLP-induced superoxide production and chemotaxis in human neutrophils in vitro.	Superoxides	194-204	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	135-139
6321554-4	1984	We found that the MPO-deficient neutrophils showed enhanced phagocytosis (greater than 200% of normal) of IgG- and C3b-opsonized yeast particles and prolonged N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylaline-mediated stimulation of superoxide production.	Superoxides	220-230	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	18-21
6324308-5	1984	It is concluded that cytochrome c reduction only measures extracellularly released superoxide, whereas NBT may be reduced by extracellular superoxide or other molecules as well; thus NBT measures another aspect of the metabolic burst.	Superoxides	83-93	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	21-33
6320732-5	1984	This is explainable by the reduction of O2- by the reduced phenazine, which thus competes with cytochrome c for the available O2-.	Superoxides	40-42	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	95-107
6320732-5	1984	This is explainable by the reduction of O2- by the reduced phenazine, which thus competes with cytochrome c for the available O2-.	Superoxides	126-128	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	95-107
6320732-6	1984	When the O2- was eliminated by superoxide dismutase, more of the reduced phenazine was available for the direct reduction of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	9-11	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	125-137
6317565-9	1984	However, when elastase was present in the reaction mixture, the reduction of cytochrome c as a measure of superoxide production was inhibited.	Superoxides	106-116	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	77-89
6320819-6	1983	When a superoxide-generating system is used to stimulate lipid autoxidation, catalase can conceivably inhibit the reaction in two ways (A) by decomposing lipid peroxides as they are formed (B) through the removal of hydrogen peroxide preventing OH.	Superoxides	7-17	catalase	Homo sapiens	77-85
6318599-1	1983	Alkaline dimethylsulfoxide as a superoxide anion-generating system in association with cytochrome c as a superoxide anion-indicating scavenger has been used to develop a new assay for superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	105-121	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	87-99
6321835-3	1983	These effects were reversed by superoxide dismutase (SOD), a superoxide radical (.O2-) scavenger, at pH 7.4, and by SOD plus hydroxyl radical (.OH) scavenger d-mannitol at pH 6.6.	Superoxides	61-79	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	31-51
6321835-3	1983	These effects were reversed by superoxide dismutase (SOD), a superoxide radical (.O2-) scavenger, at pH 7.4, and by SOD plus hydroxyl radical (.OH) scavenger d-mannitol at pH 6.6.	Superoxides	61-79	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	53-56
6321835-3	1983	These effects were reversed by superoxide dismutase (SOD), a superoxide radical (.O2-) scavenger, at pH 7.4, and by SOD plus hydroxyl radical (.OH) scavenger d-mannitol at pH 6.6.	Superoxides	82-84	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	31-51
6321835-3	1983	These effects were reversed by superoxide dismutase (SOD), a superoxide radical (.O2-) scavenger, at pH 7.4, and by SOD plus hydroxyl radical (.OH) scavenger d-mannitol at pH 6.6.	Superoxides	82-84	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	53-56
6309288-2	1983	As previously demonstrated with neutrophils, MPO-deficient monocytes had a greater initial rate, duration, and total superoxide production in response to phagocytosis of zymosan than did normal monocytes.	Superoxides	117-127	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	45-48
6309288-3	1983	Introduction of purified eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) into the phagosome by binding the enzyme to the surface of the zymosan particles changed the hypermetabolic characteristics of superoxide production in MPO-deficient cells to more closely resemble normal cells, but had no effect on superoxide generation by the normal monocytes.	Superoxides	180-190	eosinophil peroxidase	Homo sapiens	25-46
6226293-4	1983	In addition, a reduction in activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione-peroxidase, enzymes responsible for the protection of cells against peroxidative action of superoxide anions and hyperperoxides was found.	Superoxides	180-197	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	64-72
6309288-3	1983	Introduction of purified eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) into the phagosome by binding the enzyme to the surface of the zymosan particles changed the hypermetabolic characteristics of superoxide production in MPO-deficient cells to more closely resemble normal cells, but had no effect on superoxide generation by the normal monocytes.	Superoxides	180-190	eosinophil peroxidase	Homo sapiens	48-51
6309288-3	1983	Introduction of purified eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) into the phagosome by binding the enzyme to the surface of the zymosan particles changed the hypermetabolic characteristics of superoxide production in MPO-deficient cells to more closely resemble normal cells, but had no effect on superoxide generation by the normal monocytes.	Superoxides	180-190	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	205-208
6309288-3	1983	Introduction of purified eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) into the phagosome by binding the enzyme to the surface of the zymosan particles changed the hypermetabolic characteristics of superoxide production in MPO-deficient cells to more closely resemble normal cells, but had no effect on superoxide generation by the normal monocytes.	Superoxides	285-295	eosinophil peroxidase	Homo sapiens	25-46
6309288-3	1983	Introduction of purified eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) into the phagosome by binding the enzyme to the surface of the zymosan particles changed the hypermetabolic characteristics of superoxide production in MPO-deficient cells to more closely resemble normal cells, but had no effect on superoxide generation by the normal monocytes.	Superoxides	285-295	eosinophil peroxidase	Homo sapiens	48-51
6323037-4	1983	To detect the generation of superoxide anion in the media the amount of reduction of cytochrome c that is inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD) was determined.	Superoxides	28-44	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	85-97
6305716-0	1983	Superoxide-dependent formation of hydroxyl radical catalyzed by transferrin.	Superoxides	0-10	transferrin	Homo sapiens	64-75
6311564-3	1983	The method consists in the evaluation of the stimulation of superoxide anion (O-2) production (as superoxide dismutase-sensitive cytochrome c reduction) by leukocytes in whole blood challenged with (a) phagocytosable particles (opsonized zymosan); (b) particles that become phagocytosable by virtue of the opsonizing capacity of the plasma of blood samples (zymosan); and (c) a soluble agent such as phorbol myristate acetate.	Superoxides	60-76	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	129-141
6313153-2	1983	F- activation of both the O2- -generating system, NAD(P)H oxidase, and adenylate cyclase was characterized by a prolonged lag period of 8 to 10 min at 37 degrees C. Adenylate cyclase agonists or cAMP analogues which inhibited FMLP-induced O2- bursts did not affect O2- production of F- -activated cells.	Superoxides	26-28	cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide	Homo sapiens	195-199
6313153-2	1983	F- activation of both the O2- -generating system, NAD(P)H oxidase, and adenylate cyclase was characterized by a prolonged lag period of 8 to 10 min at 37 degrees C. Adenylate cyclase agonists or cAMP analogues which inhibited FMLP-induced O2- bursts did not affect O2- production of F- -activated cells.	Superoxides	26-28	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	226-230
6313153-4	1983	FMLP reciprocally decreased the lag period of the F- -induced burst by 40 to 50% and, in the case of cells incubated at temperatures below 37 degrees C, increased the rate of O2- production.	Superoxides	175-177	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
6303856-2	1983	This limit follows from the observation that the rate constant of the reaction between superoxide (O-2) and SOD decreases upon increasing the ionic strength, and the fact that at pH greater than 5 SOD has a net negative charge.	Superoxides	87-97	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	108-111
6303856-2	1983	This limit follows from the observation that the rate constant of the reaction between superoxide (O-2) and SOD decreases upon increasing the ionic strength, and the fact that at pH greater than 5 SOD has a net negative charge.	Superoxides	87-97	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	197-200
6301584-8	1983	CSF-alpha stimulated superoxide production of resting eosinophils (from 0.03 +/- 0.03 to 0.47 +/- 0.08 nmole cytochrome-c reduced/10(5) eosinophils) and of eosinophils incubated with preopsonized zymosan (from 0.15 +/- 0.06 to 0.73 +/- 0.07).	Superoxides	21-31	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	109-121
6631662-1	1983	The behavior of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in inflammatory lesions is interesting, because SOD is a scavenger of superoxide anion radical which is produced to excess in inflammation.	Superoxides	113-137	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Cavia porcellus	38-41
6839018-9	1983	A competitive antagonist of FMLP binding, carbobenzoxy-phenylalanyl-methionine, inhibited the density change with a calculated Kd similar to that reported for inhibition of FMLP-induced aggregation, degranulation, locomotion, and superoxide production.	Superoxides	230-240	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
6631662-1	1983	The behavior of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in inflammatory lesions is interesting, because SOD is a scavenger of superoxide anion radical which is produced to excess in inflammation.	Superoxides	113-137	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Cavia porcellus	91-94
7053244-4	1981	Neutrophil phagocytosis of 51Cr-labeled opsonized sheep erythrocytes (51Cr-EAC) and superoxide anion (O2-) production in response to FMLP or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) stimulation were not affected by pretreating cells with NCD3.	Superoxides	84-100	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	133-137
6297957-2	1983	Results indicate that FMLP may stimulate neutrophils to produce superoxide but that STZ may not.	Superoxides	64-74	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	22-26
6286357-0	1982	Parallel electrostatic effects in the interactions of superoxide with cytochrome c and with superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	54-64	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	70-82
6299273-2	1982	Cytochrome c was reduced when superoxide was generated from xanthine oxidase in the presence of alloxan, and by the reaction of alloxan and with reduced glutathione.	Superoxides	30-40	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	0-12
6299273-4	1982	This indicates that the superoxide dismutase-inhibitible cytochrome c reduction was mainly due to a direct reaction with the alloxan radical, and implies that other reactions that are inhibited by superoxide dismutase could be due to either alloxan radicals or superoxide.	Superoxides	24-34	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	57-69
6289915-11	1982	When detectable O(2) was removed from the medium by superoxide dismutase and catalase, aggregation and lysozyme release unaffected showing that aggregation can not be due to the presence of O(2) or its products in the extracellular medium.	Superoxides	16-20	catalase	Homo sapiens	77-85
6289915-11	1982	When detectable O(2) was removed from the medium by superoxide dismutase and catalase, aggregation and lysozyme release unaffected showing that aggregation can not be due to the presence of O(2) or its products in the extracellular medium.	Superoxides	16-20	lysozyme	Homo sapiens	103-111
6285828-0	1982	DT-diaphorase as a quinone reductase: a cellular control device against semiquinone and superoxide radical formation.	Superoxides	88-98	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	0-13
6279612-0	1982	Superoxide radical inhibits catalase.	Superoxides	0-18	catalase	Homo sapiens	28-36
6279612-1	1982	Catalase was inhibited by a flux of O2- generated in situ by the aerobic xanthine oxidase reaction.	Superoxides	36-38	catalase	Homo sapiens	0-8
6279612-7	1982	This inhibition of catalase by O2- provides the basis for a synergism between superoxide dismutase and catalase.	Superoxides	31-33	catalase	Homo sapiens	19-27
6279612-7	1982	This inhibition of catalase by O2- provides the basis for a synergism between superoxide dismutase and catalase.	Superoxides	31-33	catalase	Homo sapiens	103-111
6282074-17	1982	Although our data suggests the production of superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical from the MPO-H2O2-Cl- reaction, the actual presence or involvement of these free radical species is not confirmed herein.	Superoxides	45-61	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	92-95
6285890-4	1982	With cytochrome c, superoxide formed by the rapid reaction of the semiquinone with O2, was responsible for the reduction.	Superoxides	19-29	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	5-17
6285890-4	1982	With cytochrome c, superoxide formed by the rapid reaction of the semiquinone with O2, was responsible for the reduction.	Superoxides	83-85	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	5-17
6273444-2	1982	The rate of formation of methemoglobin and superoxide was linearly dependent upon the concentration of nitrofurantoin and could be inhibited by superoxide dismutase, catalase, or the prior conversion of HbO2 to ethylioscyanoferrohemoglobin.	Superoxides	43-53	catalase	Homo sapiens	166-174
6284006-7	1982	Ceruloplasmin also inhibited reduction of cytochrome c and NBT mediated by the aerobic action of xanthine oxidase on acetaldehyde (another superoxide-generating system) and mimicked the activity of purified human erythrocyte SOD by inhibiting photoreduction of NBT and by accelerating aerobic photooxidation of dianisidine.	Superoxides	139-149	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	42-54
6292891-1	1982	Commercially available cytochrome c contains sufficient superoxide dismutase activity to reduce its sensitivity in superoxide anion detection.	Superoxides	115-131	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	23-35
7340451-3	1981	A subsequent contact with anti-IgE antibody or with the specific allergen induces the extracellular release of a variety of mediators, such as lysosomal enzymes, neutral proteases, or superoxide anion.	Superoxides	184-200	immunoglobulin heavy constant epsilon	Homo sapiens	31-34
6274792-1	1981	The interaction of cytochalasin B-treated human neutrophils with the synthetic tripeptide, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) results in a time- and concentration-dependent generation of superoxide anion (O2-) by an extracellular release of granule-associated beta-glucuronidase and lysozyme from these cells.	Superoxides	199-215	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	132-136
6274792-1	1981	The interaction of cytochalasin B-treated human neutrophils with the synthetic tripeptide, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) results in a time- and concentration-dependent generation of superoxide anion (O2-) by an extracellular release of granule-associated beta-glucuronidase and lysozyme from these cells.	Superoxides	217-219	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	132-136
6274792-3	1981	FMLP-stimulated O2- production occurs but is significantly curtailed in the absence of extracellular calcium.	Superoxides	16-18	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
6274792-5	1981	Trifluoperazine (TFP), an inhibitor of calmodulin (a calcium-binding protein), caused a dose-related inhibition of FMLP-elicited degranulation and O2- production in the presence of absence of extracellular calcium.	Superoxides	147-149	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	39-49
7053244-4	1981	Neutrophil phagocytosis of 51Cr-labeled opsonized sheep erythrocytes (51Cr-EAC) and superoxide anion (O2-) production in response to FMLP or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) stimulation were not affected by pretreating cells with NCD3.	Superoxides	102-104	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	133-137
6272650-0	1981	Influence of flavin addition and removal on the formation of superoxide by NADPH-Cytochrome P-450 reductase: a spin-trap study.	Superoxides	61-71	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	75-107
6272810-0	1981	Effect of modification of cytochrome c on its reactions with superoxide and NADPH:cytochrome P-450 reductase.	Superoxides	61-71	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	26-38
7301458-1	1981	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) key enzymes in alveolar macrophages regulating levels of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide, respectively, were observed to fluctuate in response to FIO2 of 50 and 85% for 18 to 90 hr.	Superoxides	117-133	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Cavia porcellus	0-20
6278021-0	1982	Monocyte aggregation and superoxide anion release in response to formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) and platelet-activating factor (PAF).	Superoxides	25-41	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	104-108
7301458-1	1981	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) key enzymes in alveolar macrophages regulating levels of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide, respectively, were observed to fluctuate in response to FIO2 of 50 and 85% for 18 to 90 hr.	Superoxides	117-133	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Cavia porcellus	22-25
6300272-0	1980	Positive correlation between adenosine deaminase activity and superoxide formation during phagocytosis.	Superoxides	62-72	adenosine deaminase	Mus musculus	29-48
6263380-1	1981	Human neutrophils exposed to chemotactic concentrations of zymosan-activated serum (ZAS) and a formylated chemotactic peptide (FMLP, 10(-7)--10(-9) M) were markedly enhanced in their ability to generate superoxide (O2-) upon stimulation with either sodium fluoride or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).	Superoxides	203-213	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	127-131
6263380-1	1981	Human neutrophils exposed to chemotactic concentrations of zymosan-activated serum (ZAS) and a formylated chemotactic peptide (FMLP, 10(-7)--10(-9) M) were markedly enhanced in their ability to generate superoxide (O2-) upon stimulation with either sodium fluoride or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).	Superoxides	215-217	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	127-131
6893995-8	1981	H2O2 production was markedly inhibited by superoxide dismutase or cytochrome c (scavengers of superoxide anion) but not by scavengers of singlet oxygen or hydroxyl radical.	Superoxides	94-110	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	66-78
6261743-0	1981	Spin trap evidence for production of superoxide radical anions by purified NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase.	Superoxides	37-62	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	75-107
6283813-5	1981	Superoxide production by NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase was maximal at a quinone single-electron reduction potential at -200 mV.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	25-57
6265012-0	1981	Inactivation of human CuZn superoxide dismutase during exposure to superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	67-85	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-47
6252250-2	1980	Simultaneous additions of formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (10-100 nM) and the fifth component of complement, C5a (1-10 microliters/ml), evoked partially additive responses of membrane depolarization as measured by the fluorescent dye 3,3"-dipropyl-thiocarbocyanine, a transient elevation of intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP), and superoxide (O2-) generation as assessed by ferricytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	334-344	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	115-118
6252250-2	1980	Simultaneous additions of formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (10-100 nM) and the fifth component of complement, C5a (1-10 microliters/ml), evoked partially additive responses of membrane depolarization as measured by the fluorescent dye 3,3"-dipropyl-thiocarbocyanine, a transient elevation of intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP), and superoxide (O2-) generation as assessed by ferricytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	346-348	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	115-118
6252250-3	1980	Preincubation of the cells with either formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine or C5a alone caused dose-dependent inhibition of the depolarization, the cAMP increase, and O2- release induced by a subsequent exposure to an optimal dose of the same stimulus, i.e., deactivation occurred.	Superoxides	169-171	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	80-83
6258576-16	1980	In the presence of both a superoxide-generating system (xanthine plus xanthine oxidase) and NADPH, all the cytochrome P-450 in intact membrane (as judged by dithionite reducibility) is reduced.	Superoxides	26-36	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	107-123
6258576-19	1980	The superoxide-dependent reduction of cytochrome P-450 is prevented by treatment of the membranes with mersalyl, which inhibits NADPH-cytochrome P-450 (cytochrome c) reductase.	Superoxides	4-14	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	38-54
6258576-19	1980	The superoxide-dependent reduction of cytochrome P-450 is prevented by treatment of the membranes with mersalyl, which inhibits NADPH-cytochrome P-450 (cytochrome c) reductase.	Superoxides	4-14	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	134-150
6251819-0	1980	Serine protease inhibitors inhibit superoxide production by human basophils stimulated by anti-IgE.	Superoxides	35-45	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	0-15
34039018-6	2021	Further, increased superoxide anion generated in RIPC is required for Nrg1 expression.	Superoxides	19-35	neuregulin 1	Mus musculus	70-74
33781891-0	2021	Epigenetic silencing of GTP cyclohydrolase 1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma growth by activating superoxide anion-mediated ASK1/p38 signaling via inhibiting tetrahydrobiopterin de novo biosynthesis.	Superoxides	100-116	GTP cyclohydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	24-44
33781891-10	2021	Further mechanistic studies found that GCH1 silencing-induced BH4 reduction resulted in an increase of intracellular superoxide anion levels in a dose-dependent manner, which mediated the activation of ASK1/p38 signaling.	Superoxides	117-133	GTP cyclohydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	39-43
33781891-11	2021	Collectively, our study reveals that epigenetic silencing of GCH1 promotes HCC growth by activating superoxide anion-mediated ASK1/p38 signaling via inhibiting BH4 de novo biosynthesis, suggesting that targeting GCH1/BH4 pathway may be a promising therapeutic strategy to combat HCC.	Superoxides	100-116	GTP cyclohydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
33781891-11	2021	Collectively, our study reveals that epigenetic silencing of GCH1 promotes HCC growth by activating superoxide anion-mediated ASK1/p38 signaling via inhibiting BH4 de novo biosynthesis, suggesting that targeting GCH1/BH4 pathway may be a promising therapeutic strategy to combat HCC.	Superoxides	100-116	GTP cyclohydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	212-216
34001560-6	2021	Deleting all four msr genes in USA300 LAC (Deltamsr) sensitizes S. aureus to hypochlorous acid (HOCl) killing, however, Deltamsr does not exhibit increased sensitivity to H2O2 stress or superoxide anion stress generated by paraquat or pyocyanin.	Superoxides	186-202	5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase reductase	Mus musculus	18-21
33932953-0	2021	Oxidant-Resistant LRRC8A/C anion channels support superoxide production by Nox1.	Superoxides	50-60	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	75-79
33932953-1	2021	KEY POINTS: LRRC8A-containing anion channels associate with Nox1 and regulate superoxide production and TNFalpha signaling.	Superoxides	78-88	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	60-64
33932953-10	2021	ABSTRACT: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) activates NADPH Oxidase 1 (Nox1) in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), producing superoxide (O2  - ) required for subsequent signaling.	Superoxides	133-143	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	59-74
33932953-10	2021	ABSTRACT: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) activates NADPH Oxidase 1 (Nox1) in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), producing superoxide (O2  - ) required for subsequent signaling.	Superoxides	133-143	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	76-80
33935045-6	2021	Especially, excessive COMP-Ang1 disturbed late-stage erythroblast maturation, followed by decreased expression of stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) and globin transcription factor 1 (GATA-1) and increased levels of superoxide anion and p-p38 kinase.	Superoxides	219-235	cartilage oligomeric matrix protein	Mus musculus	22-26
33720242-10	2021	In the OVX group fed HFD, chia increased the activity of superoxide dismutase, decreased NO and maintained the content of minerals and ATPase enzymes.	Superoxides	57-67	chitinase, acidic	Rattus norvegicus	26-30
33189402-1	2021	Superoxide-hydrogen peroxide (S-HP), triggered by Val16Ala-SOD2 human polymorphism, may influence the risk of depression.	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	59-63
33563722-3	2021	Here, we demonstrated that the NOX1 isoform of the superoxide-producing enzyme NADPH oxidase regulated repetitive behavior in mice by facilitating excitatory synaptic inputs in the central striatum (CS).	Superoxides	51-61	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	31-35
33550097-7	2021	Nevertheless, the data showed that capsaicin activated TRPV1 significantly decreased ox-LDL-induced superoxide anion generation.	Superoxides	100-116	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1	Homo sapiens	55-60
33270355-5	2021	The HG-induced increase of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels and decrease of superoxide dismutase activity in podocytes were reversed by the Brg-1 overexpression.	Superoxides	94-104	SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily a, member 4	Homo sapiens	158-163
31050314-10	2021	Finally, we showed that iron and 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) co-treatment significantly increased superoxide production in microglial cultures by inducing p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation.	Superoxides	105-115	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	162-165
33530947-10	2021	Physiological analyses showed that the superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase activities were lower in ERF2-silenced plants than in control plants, and the SA and JA contents were lower in ERF2-silenced plants than in control plants after inoculation with S. lycopersici.	Superoxides	39-49	ethylene response factor 2	Solanum lycopersicum	110-114
33467683-9	2021	GRIM19-transgenic mice exhibited reduced mitochondrial superoxide levels and a reciprocal balance between Th17 and Treg cells.	Superoxides	55-65	NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A13	Mus musculus	0-6
32789757-6	2021	Both, XO and XDH, catalyse the conversion of hypoxanthine via xanthine to uric acid, the former by using oxygen forming superoxide and hydrogen peroxide and the latter NAD+.	Superoxides	120-130	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	13-16
33009206-2	2021	Superoxide anion radicals, the main product of ROS, can be reduced by manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) to hydrogen peroxide, which is further reduced by catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) to water.	Superoxides	0-16	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	70-100
33009206-2	2021	Superoxide anion radicals, the main product of ROS, can be reduced by manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) to hydrogen peroxide, which is further reduced by catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) to water.	Superoxides	0-16	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	102-106
33221620-0	2021	Increased superoxide in GCH1 mutant fibroblasts points to a dopamine-independent toxicity mechanism.	Superoxides	10-20	GTP cyclohydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	24-28
33296856-8	2021	Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation proteins and the levels of superoxide dismutase 2 and glutathione peroxidase 1 were increased in MsrB3 KO mice upon HFD consumption.	Superoxides	67-77	methionine sulfoxide reductase B3	Mus musculus	137-142
33310503-6	2021	Consistent with an important role for H2S in AF, CSE-KO mice had decreased atrial sulfide levels, increased atrial superoxide levels, and enhanced propensity for induced persistent AF compared to wild type (WT) mice.	Superoxides	115-125	cystathionase (cystathionine gamma-lyase)	Mus musculus	49-52
32830535-8	2020	Also, PDI inhibition caused Nrf2 (nuclear factor E2 related factor 2, a redox-sensitive transcription factor) cytoplasmic sequestration, decreased superoxide dismutase, and glutathione S-transferase activities, and increased oxidative stress.	Superoxides	147-157	prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit beta	Homo sapiens	6-9
33209876-10	2020	Overexpression of HMGB1 enhanced the the levels of interleukin (IL)-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and malondialdehyde (MDA), but reduced the content of superoxide dismutase (SOD), IL-4, and IL-10, in vitro.	Superoxides	170-180	high mobility group box 1	Mus musculus	18-23
32805556-9	2020	The APE1"s downregulation correlated to an increase of DNA fragmentation (17% and 66% in A549 and HeLa cells, respectively) and cell death rate (total: 24% and 74% in A549 and HeLa cells, respectively) characterized by annexin V and 7-AAD markers as well as a considerable difference in superoxide detected in mitochondria (29% and 78% in A549 and HeLa cells, respectively).	Superoxides	287-297	apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1	Homo sapiens	4-8
33005568-6	2020	In this study the key findings include: (1) Improvement in key mitochondrial respiratory states with the succinate prodrug (NV118) but not B12a; (2) Attenuation of superoxide production with treatment of NV118 but not with B12a treatment; (3) The changes in respiration were not secondary to increased mitochondrial content as measured by citrate synthase; (4) The use of easily accessible human blood cells showed similar mitochondrial response to both cyanide and treatment to HASMC.	Superoxides	164-174	citrate synthase	Homo sapiens	339-355
32963690-7	2020	At these sites with the higher acidity, the chance of protonation of the superoxide radical (O2  ), generated by the respiratory chain, is much higher with the formation of the highly reactive hydrophobic perhydroxyl radical (HO2  ).	Superoxides	73-91	heme oxygenase 2	Homo sapiens	226-229
32879139-3	2020	Disruption of the apelin gene in mice increased (2.4-fold) NADPH-stimulated superoxide levels and slowed atrial conduction velocities in optical mapping of a Langendorff-perfused isolated heart model, suggesting that apelin levels may influence AF vulnerability.	Superoxides	76-86	apelin	Mus musculus	18-24
32879139-3	2020	Disruption of the apelin gene in mice increased (2.4-fold) NADPH-stimulated superoxide levels and slowed atrial conduction velocities in optical mapping of a Langendorff-perfused isolated heart model, suggesting that apelin levels may influence AF vulnerability.	Superoxides	76-86	2,4-dienoyl CoA reductase 1, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	59-64
32924676-1	2020	Superoxide producing NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1), abundantly expressed in the colon epithelium, plays a crucial role in mucosal host defenses.	Superoxides	0-10	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	21-36
32924676-1	2020	Superoxide producing NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1), abundantly expressed in the colon epithelium, plays a crucial role in mucosal host defenses.	Superoxides	0-10	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	38-42
32580031-3	2020	In addition, the mitochondrial expression of SVCT2 appeared particularly elevated and, consistently, a brief pre-exposure to low concentrations of Ascorbic Acid (AA) abolished mitochondrial superoxide formation selectively induced by the cocktail arsenite/ATP.	Superoxides	190-200	solute carrier family 23 member 2	Homo sapiens	45-50
32345536-7	2020	We also found that mice exposed to both noise and ATII had increased phagocytic NADPH oxidase (NOX-2)-mediated superoxide formation, immune cell infiltration (monocytes, neutrophils and T cells) in the aortic wall, astrocyte activation in the brain, enhanced cytokine signaling, and subsequent vascular and cerebral oxidative stress.	Superoxides	111-121	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	95-100
32527005-5	2020	Antioxidant Mn-activated superoxide dismutase (SOD2) and (m)-aconitase activities were increased in HCM vs. CTRL.	Superoxides	25-35	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	47-51
32016802-9	2020	Expression of TLR-3 mRNA in co-cultures was increased by rhPlGF 100 ng/mL at 21% O2 (p = 0.03).	Superoxides	81-83	toll like receptor 3	Homo sapiens	14-19
32471175-8	2020	We found that overexpression of Nanog is responsible for attenuating Abeta-triggered neuronal insulin resistance, which restores cell survival through reducing intracellular mitochondrial superoxide accumulation and cellular senescence.	Superoxides	188-198	Nanog homeobox	Rattus norvegicus	32-37
32222469-10	2020	This decrease in SOD2 K122 acetylation correlates with an increase in SOD2 activity and mitochondrial superoxide scavenging capacity.	Superoxides	102-112	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	17-21
32030866-0	2020	Ultra-Long Life Li-Rich Li1.2Mn0.6Ni0.2O2 Cathode by Three-in-One Surface Modification for Lithium-Ion Batteries.	Superoxides	38-41	transglutaminase 1	Homo sapiens	24-27
32030866-2	2020	Here, we design a three-in-one surface treatment via the pyrolysis of urea to improve the voltage and capacity stability of Li1.2Mn0.6Ni0.2O2 (LMNO), by which oxygen vacancy, spinel phase integration and N-doped carbon nanolayer are synchronously built on the surface of LMNO microspheres.	Superoxides	138-141	transglutaminase 1	Homo sapiens	124-127
31733931-13	2020	The expression of ABCG2 in the SSCs cultured at 2.5% O2 was higher than in the other O2 groups.	Superoxides	53-55	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Mus musculus	18-23
31733931-13	2020	The expression of ABCG2 in the SSCs cultured at 2.5% O2 was higher than in the other O2 groups.	Superoxides	85-87	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Mus musculus	18-23
31733931-15	2020	In conclusion, moderate to low O2 tension increases ABCG2 expression to maintain mild ROS levels, triggers the expression of the anti-apoptotic genes, suppresses the proapoptotic gene pathway, and further promotes the proliferation of mouse SSCs in vitro.	Superoxides	31-33	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Mus musculus	52-57
31980585-6	2020	Similar to the effect of HN alone, incorporation of Mt by microglia (1) upregulated expression of the transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and its target genes (including mitochondrial superoxide dismutase), (2) enhanced phagocytic activity toward red blood cells (an in vitro model of hematoma clearance after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)), and (3) reduced pro-inflammatory responses.	Superoxides	218-228	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	123-171
31904285-9	2020	AT1 receptor inhibition did not affect the response to Ang II, whereas AT2 receptor inhibition abolished the response in mitochondria from control animals and reversed the response to increased oxygen consumption through superoxide-induced mitochondrial uncoupling in mitochondria from diabetic rat.	Superoxides	221-231	angiotensin II receptor, type 2	Rattus norvegicus	71-74
31904901-4	2020	Superoxide anions are metabolized by manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase (SOD2) in the mitochondria.	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	79-83
31904901-4	2020	Superoxide anions are metabolized by manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase (SOD2) in the mitochondria.	Superoxides	57-67	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	79-83
32069761-5	2020	The high degradation rate of BPA by TiO2/g-C3N4 was demonstrated to be superoxide radical ( O2-) and singlet oxygen (1O2) by radical quenching experiment, which was further evidenced by EPR, XPS, DRS and PL analysis.	Superoxides	38-40	sushi repeat containing protein X-linked	Homo sapiens	196-199
31713255-7	2020	The reaction of NADPH in the chemical system with singlet oxygen was found to proceed in two ways, each consisting of two steps, that is, NADPH firstly reacts with 1 O2 barrierlessly to form NADP+ and HO2 - , from which H2 O2 is formed in a spontaneous reaction with H+ , or 1 O2 and H+ initially form 1 HO2 + , which further reacts with NADPH to yield NADP+ and H2 O2 .	Superoxides	166-168	heme oxygenase 2	Homo sapiens	201-204
31713255-7	2020	The reaction of NADPH in the chemical system with singlet oxygen was found to proceed in two ways, each consisting of two steps, that is, NADPH firstly reacts with 1 O2 barrierlessly to form NADP+ and HO2 - , from which H2 O2 is formed in a spontaneous reaction with H+ , or 1 O2 and H+ initially form 1 HO2 + , which further reacts with NADPH to yield NADP+ and H2 O2 .	Superoxides	166-168	heme oxygenase 2	Homo sapiens	304-307
31713255-7	2020	The reaction of NADPH in the chemical system with singlet oxygen was found to proceed in two ways, each consisting of two steps, that is, NADPH firstly reacts with 1 O2 barrierlessly to form NADP+ and HO2 - , from which H2 O2 is formed in a spontaneous reaction with H+ , or 1 O2 and H+ initially form 1 HO2 + , which further reacts with NADPH to yield NADP+ and H2 O2 .	Superoxides	202-204	heme oxygenase 2	Homo sapiens	304-307
31725187-1	2020	Quantum chemical calculations on model copper paddlewheel (CPW) complexes of general formula [Cu2 (mu2 -O2 CR)4 L2 ] establish two local coordination geometries at the metal centers depending on the balance between equatorial and axial ligand fields.	Superoxides	104-106	adaptor related protein complex 1 subunit mu 2	Homo sapiens	99-102
31891227-0	2020	Superoxide imbalance triggered by Val16Ala-SOD2 polymorphism increases the risk of depression and self-reported psychological stress in free-living elderly people.	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	43-47
31891227-2	2020	However, it is still not clear whether the VV-SOD2 genotype that causes higher basal superoxide anion levels has any impact on the risk for depression and self-reported psychological stress in elderly people.	Superoxides	85-101	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	46-50
31723239-6	2020	Mechanistically, SIRT3 prevents mitochondrial superoxide surges in detached cells by regulating the manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2).	Superoxides	100-120	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	132-136
31931552-9	2020	Targeted reduction of MCU expression using RNA interference abolished mitochondrial superoxide production but exacerbated palmitate-induced [Ca2+]i overload.	Superoxides	84-94	mitochondrial calcium uniporter	Mus musculus	22-25
31689658-9	2020	In addition, airway inflammation, a lower number of CD3epsilon-CD49b+ splenic NK cells, and systemic oxidative stress were caused at the end of pregnancy after O3 exposure, which did not recover at the end of lactation for the first two responses.	Superoxides	160-162	CD3 antigen, epsilon polypeptide	Mus musculus	52-62
31689658-10	2020	CONCLUSIONS: Prenatal O3 exposure increased the severity of OVA-induced asthma in the offspring, which might be directly induced by CD3epsilon-CD49b+ splenic NK cells in the offspring and indirectly related to the damaged maternal immune system.	Superoxides	22-24	CD3 antigen, epsilon polypeptide	Mus musculus	132-142
31494578-5	2020	This gene encodes superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) or manganese-superoxide dismutase, a mitochondrial matrix protein that scavenges oxygen radicals produced by oxidation-reduction and electron transport reactions occurring in mitochondria via conversion of superoxide anion (O2 - ) into H2O2.	Superoxides	254-270	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	18-40
31494578-5	2020	This gene encodes superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) or manganese-superoxide dismutase, a mitochondrial matrix protein that scavenges oxygen radicals produced by oxidation-reduction and electron transport reactions occurring in mitochondria via conversion of superoxide anion (O2 - ) into H2O2.	Superoxides	254-270	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	42-46
31494578-5	2020	This gene encodes superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) or manganese-superoxide dismutase, a mitochondrial matrix protein that scavenges oxygen radicals produced by oxidation-reduction and electron transport reactions occurring in mitochondria via conversion of superoxide anion (O2 - ) into H2O2.	Superoxides	254-270	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	51-81
32219747-0	2020	Exploiting Plug-and-Play Electrochemical Biosensors to Determine the Role of FGF19 in Sorafenib-Mediated Superoxide and Nitric Oxide Production in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells.	Superoxides	105-115	fibroblast growth factor 19	Homo sapiens	77-82
31729001-1	2020	The superoxide (O2  -)-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes comprises a membrane-associated heterodimeric flavocytochrome, known as cytochrome b 558 (consisting of NOX2 and p22phox) and four cytosolic regulatory proteins, p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	4-14	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	241-248
31729001-1	2020	The superoxide (O2  -)-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes comprises a membrane-associated heterodimeric flavocytochrome, known as cytochrome b 558 (consisting of NOX2 and p22phox) and four cytosolic regulatory proteins, p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	16-18	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	241-248
31648572-7	2020	Abbreviations AKT protein kinase B ARMS alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma ATM ataxia telangiectasia mutated Bax Bcl-2-associated X protein Bcl-2 B-cell lymphoma 2 CDC2 cyclin-dependent kinase 2 Bcl-xL B-cell lymphoma-extra large c-FLIP cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein CDDP cisplatin COX-2 cyclooxygenase-2 cyt c cytochrome c DNA-PKcs DNA-dependent protein kinase EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor EMT epithelial-mesenchymal transition ERK extracellular signal-regulated kinase ES Ewing`s sarcoma ETS2 erythroblastosis virus transcription factor 2 GBM glioblastoma multiforme HCC hepatocellular carcinoma HNSCC head and neck squamous cell carcinoma IAP inhibitor of apoptosis protein IkappaBalpha inhibitor of kappaB alpha IKK inhibitor of kappaB kinase IR ionizing radiation lncRNA long non-coding RNA luc luciferase Mcl-1 myeloid cell leukemia-1 MDR1 multidrug resistance protein 1 miR microRNA MMP-9 matrix metalloproteinase-9 mTOR mammalian target of rapamycin NB neuroblastoma NF-kappaB nuclear factor-kappaB NPC nasopharyngeal carcinoma NSCLC non-small cell lung cancer OSCC oral squamous cell carcinoma PARP poly-(ADP-ribose)-polymerase pH2AX phosphorylated histone 2AX-immunoreactive PI3K phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase Prp4K Pre-mRNA processing factor 4 kinase RCC renal cell carcinoma ROS reactive oxygen species SCC squamous cell carcinoma SLN solid lipid nanoparticle SOD2 superoxide dismutase 2 TERT telomerase reverse transcriptase TNF-alpha tumor necrosis factor-alpha TxnRd1 thioredoxin reductase-1 VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor XIAP X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein DeltaPsim mitochondrial membrane potential.	Superoxides	1386-1396	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	1381-1385
31678720-3	2020	Duox1 and Duox2 activities similarly produce intracellular protons but synthesize hydrogen peroxide directly instead of superoxide.	Superoxides	120-130	dual oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
31560934-5	2019	Mechanistically, activated MLKL targets mitochondria and triggers excessive generation of mitochondrial superoxide, which promotes AIF translocation into nucleus via causing mitochondrial depolarization and aggravates gamma-H2AX formation via improving intracellular accumulation of ROS.	Superoxides	104-114	mixed lineage kinase domain like pseudokinase	Homo sapiens	27-31
31922706-8	2019	In the 40% O2 group, RelA, RelB, ASK1 and TNF-alpha were upregulated, but SC expression was not significantly different than that of the control group.	Superoxides	11-13	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	21-25
31861667-6	2019	In the activated splenic CD4+ T cells, hypoxia (1.5% O2) increased K2P5.1 expression and activity, whereas a treatment with the HIF inhibitor FM19G11 but not the selective HIF-2 inhibitor exerted the opposite effect.	Superoxides	53-55	potassium two pore domain channel subfamily K member 5	Homo sapiens	67-73
31891121-9	2019	We demonstrate transcriptional and translational upregulation of NGF, NT-3, Ang-1, and FGF-2 in response to cytokines in ASCs in 21% and 5% O2.	Superoxides	140-142	3'-nucleotidase	Homo sapiens	70-74
31891121-9	2019	We demonstrate transcriptional and translational upregulation of NGF, NT-3, Ang-1, and FGF-2 in response to cytokines in ASCs in 21% and 5% O2.	Superoxides	140-142	angiopoietin 1	Homo sapiens	76-81
31736291-0	2019	Electric-Field-Enhanced Bulk Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy in GdFe/Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.7Ti0.3O3 Multiferroic Heterostructure.	Superoxides	92-95	mucin 5B, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming	Homo sapiens	74-77
31871961-4	2019	Furthermore, As2O3 decreased the transcription factor STAT3 mRNA expression of Th17 cells but increased the transcription factor Foxp3 of Treg cells.	Superoxides	13-18	forkhead box P3	Homo sapiens	129-134
31614775-3	2019	Media conditioned by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1alpha (PGC1alpha)-expressing myotubes, reproducing some metabolic adaptations of aerobic exercise, as increased mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation, restrained constitutively active Forkhead box-containing subfamily O3 (caFoxO3)-induced proteolysis.	Superoxides	318-320	peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1 alpha	Mus musculus	21-88
31614775-3	2019	Media conditioned by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1alpha (PGC1alpha)-expressing myotubes, reproducing some metabolic adaptations of aerobic exercise, as increased mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation, restrained constitutively active Forkhead box-containing subfamily O3 (caFoxO3)-induced proteolysis.	Superoxides	318-320	peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1 alpha	Mus musculus	90-99
31614775-3	2019	Media conditioned by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1alpha (PGC1alpha)-expressing myotubes, reproducing some metabolic adaptations of aerobic exercise, as increased mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation, restrained constitutively active Forkhead box-containing subfamily O3 (caFoxO3)-induced proteolysis.	Superoxides	327-329	peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1 alpha	Mus musculus	21-88
31614775-3	2019	Media conditioned by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1alpha (PGC1alpha)-expressing myotubes, reproducing some metabolic adaptations of aerobic exercise, as increased mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation, restrained constitutively active Forkhead box-containing subfamily O3 (caFoxO3)-induced proteolysis.	Superoxides	327-329	peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1 alpha	Mus musculus	90-99
31477743-11	2019	These data demonstrate that previously unrecognized broad disturbances of cellular function are involved in the pathophysiology of ETHE1 and MOCS1 deficiencies, and that reduction of mitochondrial superoxide by JP4-039 is a promising strategy for adjuvant therapy of these disorders.	Superoxides	197-207	ETHE1 persulfide dioxygenase	Homo sapiens	131-136
31125883-5	2019	Further, root dipping treatment of H2O2 to plants under stress and stress-free conditions enhanced accumulation of proline and activity of catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase, whereas production of superoxide radical (O2  ) and H2O2 were decreased.	Superoxides	37-39	catalase isozyme 1	Solanum lycopersicum	139-147
31125883-5	2019	Further, root dipping treatment of H2O2 to plants under stress and stress-free conditions enhanced accumulation of proline and activity of catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase, whereas production of superoxide radical (O2  ) and H2O2 were decreased.	Superoxides	37-39	peroxidase	Solanum lycopersicum	149-159
31254733-5	2019	In the presence of glutamine, Slc4a11-/- (KO) mouse CE generate significantly greater mitochondrial superoxide, a greater proportion of damaged depolarized mitochondria, and more apoptotic cells than WT.	Superoxides	100-110	solute carrier family 4, sodium bicarbonate transporter-like, member 11	Mus musculus	30-37
31349119-1	2019	The phagocyte NADPH oxidase (the NOX2 complex) generates superoxide, the precursor to reactive oxygen species (ROS).	Superoxides	57-67	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	33-37
31399108-10	2019	Analysis of NADPH oxidases (NOXs), a major source of superoxide ion in the cell, showed a significant increase of NOX4 mRNA and protein levels after irradiation in both patient groups.	Superoxides	53-63	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	114-118
31153640-5	2019	Both the basal and cisplatin-induced mitochondrial superoxide were inhibited by NOS1, and the cisplatin-induced apoptosis was also inhibited by NOS1.	Superoxides	51-61	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	80-84
31153640-7	2019	Importantly, SIRT3 activity was enhanced by NOS1, which contributes to the low level of mitochondrial superoxide and apoptosis resistance.	Superoxides	102-112	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	44-48
30652267-8	2019	Mechanistically, AKAP121 promotes neuroprotection by enhancing PKA-mediated phosphorylation of Drp1 to increase mitochondrial fusion, elevates ATP levels, and elicits an increase in the levels of antioxidants GSH and superoxide dismutase 2 leading to a reduction in the level of mitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	217-227	death-associated protein kinase 2	Mus musculus	95-99
30925081-2	2019	TNFalpha activates NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide (O2 -), production extracellularly is required for subsequent signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).	Superoxides	87-97	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	19-34
30977575-7	2019	Overall, PLD-PKCzeta-p47phox signaling axis plays a crucial role in ANGII-induced increase in NADPH oxidase-mediated O2 .- production in the cells.	Superoxides	117-119	neutrophil cytosol factor 1	Bos taurus	21-28
30667543-0	2019	TREM-1 regulates neutrophil chemotaxis by promoting NOX-dependent superoxide production.	Superoxides	66-76	triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1	Mus musculus	0-6
30667543-8	2019	Using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, we demonstrated that NOX2-dependent superoxide production is impaired in TREM-1-deficient neutrophils.	Superoxides	88-98	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	73-77
30667543-12	2019	Thus, TREM-1 regulates neutrophil migratory properties, in part, by promoting AKT activation and NOX2-dependent superoxide production.	Superoxides	112-122	triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1	Mus musculus	6-12
30667543-12	2019	Thus, TREM-1 regulates neutrophil migratory properties, in part, by promoting AKT activation and NOX2-dependent superoxide production.	Superoxides	112-122	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	97-101
30926564-9	2019	The presence of ascorbate in bleomycin-treated cells suppressed a DSB-independent activation of the ATM-CHK2 axis by blocking superoxide radical.	Superoxides	126-144	checkpoint kinase 2	Homo sapiens	104-108
30889865-5	2019	We propose a novel hypothesis that ER-alpha36-GPER signaling initially induces rapid and temporal activation of NADPH oxidase 1 to generate superoxide, which subsequently activates redox-sensitive neutral sphingomyelinase 2 generating the lipid signaling mediator ceramide.	Superoxides	140-150	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	112-127
30874894-4	2019	Transgenic up-regulation of mitochondria-targeted CAPN1 dose-dependently induced cardiac cell death, adverse myocardial remodeling, heart failure, and early death in mice, the changes of which were associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial superoxide generation.	Superoxides	258-268	calpain 1	Mus musculus	50-55
30874894-9	2019	In conclusion, this study has provided direct evidence demonstrating that increased mitochondrial calpain-1 is an important mechanism contributing to myocardial injury and heart failure by disrupting ATP synthase, and promoting mitochondrial superoxide generation and mPTP opening.	Superoxides	242-252	calpain 1	Mus musculus	98-107
31245767-9	2019	However, the introduction of the msl1 lesion into the msl2 msl3 mutant background suppressed other msl2 msl3 mutant phenotypes, including ectopic callus formation, accumulation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in the shoot apical meristem, decreased root length, and reduced number of lateral roots.	Superoxides	180-190	U2 snRNP complex subunit MSL1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	33-37
30779137-4	2019	PF-A and PF-B demonstrated similar scavenging activity of free radical (DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion).	Superoxides	102-118	keratin 75	Homo sapiens	9-13
30779137-5	2019	The scavenging activity of PF-A and PF-B on hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion radical reached the equal levels of vitamin C and gallic acid.	Superoxides	65-89	keratin 75	Homo sapiens	36-40
30625302-9	2019	Conversely, when LonP1 was knocked down in isolated neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs), an up-regulation of Complex I subunits and electron transport chain (ETC) activities was observed, which was associated with increased superoxide production and reduced respiratory efficiency.	Superoxides	230-240	lon peptidase 1, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	17-22
30508577-5	2019	In adults, this increased generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) activate redox-sensitive transcription factors such as nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB), activator protein-1 (AP1) and heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), resulting in increases in cytoprotective proteins such as the superoxide dismutases, catalase and heat shock proteins that prevent oxidative damage to tissues and facilitate remodelling and proteostasis in both an intra- and inter-cellular manner.	Superoxides	293-303	heat shock transcription factor 1	Homo sapiens	203-222
30508577-5	2019	In adults, this increased generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) activate redox-sensitive transcription factors such as nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB), activator protein-1 (AP1) and heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), resulting in increases in cytoprotective proteins such as the superoxide dismutases, catalase and heat shock proteins that prevent oxidative damage to tissues and facilitate remodelling and proteostasis in both an intra- and inter-cellular manner.	Superoxides	293-303	heat shock transcription factor 1	Homo sapiens	224-228
30576923-1	2019	Cu/Zn Superoxide Dismutase (Sod1) is a highly conserved and abundant metalloenzyme that catalyzes the disproportionation of superoxide radicals into hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen.	Superoxides	124-134	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	28-32
30576923-2	2019	As a consequence, Sod1 serves dual roles in oxidative stress protection and redox signaling by both scavenging cytotoxic superoxide radicals and producing hydrogen peroxide that can be used to oxidize and regulate the activity of downstream targets.	Superoxides	121-131	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	18-22
30576923-4	2019	Using the model unicellular eukaryote, Baker"s yeast, we found that only a small fraction of the total Sod1 pool is required for protection against superoxide toxicity and that this pool is localized to the mitochondrial intermembrane space.	Superoxides	148-158	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	103-107
30401703-6	2019	Next, we find that the leukemia-driven senescent tumor microenvironment is caused by AML-induced NOX2-derived superoxide.	Superoxides	110-120	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	97-101
30401703-8	2019	Together, these data identify leukemia-generated NOX2-derived superoxide as a driver of protumoral p16INK4a-dependent senescence in BM stromal cells.	Superoxides	62-72	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	49-53
30498063-7	2019	Loss of p62 significantly delayed removal of dysfunctional mitochondria, increased mitochondrial superoxide levels, and impaired mitochondrial respiration.	Superoxides	97-107	sequestosome 1	Mus musculus	8-11
30454704-8	2018	Moreover, TLR2 gene silence could ameliorate oxidative stress-induced apoptosis, evidences were the up-regulated superoxide generation and Bax/Bcl-2 expression while restrained GSH/GSSG ratio caused by diabetic cardiomyopathy were tremendously repressed in TLR2 KO mice.	Superoxides	113-123	toll-like receptor 2	Mus musculus	10-14
30068899-2	2018	Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of uric acid from hypoxanthine and xanthine, leading to an increase in superoxide and reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	143-153	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	0-23
30068899-2	2018	Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of uric acid from hypoxanthine and xanthine, leading to an increase in superoxide and reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	143-153	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	25-28
30486606-4	2018	Low antioxidant MnSOD level in breast cancer cell line MCF-7 leads to low concentration of hydrogenperoxide, because antioxidant MnSOD will convert radical superoxide to hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	156-166	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	16-21
30486606-4	2018	Low antioxidant MnSOD level in breast cancer cell line MCF-7 leads to low concentration of hydrogenperoxide, because antioxidant MnSOD will convert radical superoxide to hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	156-166	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	129-134
30504838-1	2018	NMDA-type glutamate receptors (NMDAR) trigger superoxide production by neuronal NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX2), which if sustained leads to cell death.	Superoxides	46-56	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	80-95
30504838-1	2018	NMDA-type glutamate receptors (NMDAR) trigger superoxide production by neuronal NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX2), which if sustained leads to cell death.	Superoxides	46-56	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	97-101
30110572-1	2018	We tested a hypothesis that superoxide, by inducing Sp3, increases renal renin activity, renal angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) function, and blood pressure (BP) in rats.	Superoxides	28-38	renin	Rattus norvegicus	73-78
30110572-17	2018	Taken together, our results suggest that superoxide activates renal Sp3 via lysine acetylation increasing renin activity, AT1R function, and BP in rats.	Superoxides	41-51	renin	Rattus norvegicus	106-111
30196988-10	2018	HEMA inhibited the LPS-stimulated expression of NOS (nitric oxide synthase) to produce NO but counteracted the expression of Nox2, which forms superoxide anions that combine with NO to peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	143-160	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	125-129
30354808-9	2018	In conclusion, both O2- from p47phox/NOX2 and H2O2 from NOX4/POLDIP2 enhance maximal arteriolar Ang II contractions from RRM mice during high salt, but H2O2 and NOX4/POLDIP2 reduce the sensitivity to lower concentrations of Ang II by &gt;100-fold.	Superoxides	20-22	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	37-41
30354808-9	2018	In conclusion, both O2- from p47phox/NOX2 and H2O2 from NOX4/POLDIP2 enhance maximal arteriolar Ang II contractions from RRM mice during high salt, but H2O2 and NOX4/POLDIP2 reduce the sensitivity to lower concentrations of Ang II by &gt;100-fold.	Superoxides	20-22	polymerase (DNA-directed), delta interacting protein 2	Mus musculus	61-68
30190172-5	2018	Increased renal mitochondrial AT2R density by transgenic overexpression was associated with reduced superoxide production of isolated mitochondria from non-diabetic rats.	Superoxides	100-110	angiotensin II receptor, type 2	Rattus norvegicus	30-34
30190172-8	2018	AT2R overexpression in tubular epithelial cells inhibited all diabetes-induced renal changes including a drop in mitochondrial bioenergetics efficiency, a rise in mitochondrial superoxide production, metabolic reprogramming, and increased proliferation.	Superoxides	177-187	angiotensin II receptor, type 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
30279321-2	2018	Mitochondria are the source of up to 90% of cellular ROS generation, and MnSOD performs its necessary bioprotective role by converting superoxide into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	135-145	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	73-78
29966697-8	2018	These data indicate that, in conditions close to pathophysiological, matrix NADPH oxidoreductase(s), presumably, an adrenodoxin reductase in complex with adrenodoxin, can essentially contribute to SA flashes associated with transient or irreversible permeability transition pore opening or membrane permeabilization by another mechanism.	Superoxides	197-199	ferredoxin reductase	Homo sapiens	116-137
29718541-0	2018	Differential cell surface recruitment of the superoxide-producing NADPH oxidases Nox1, Nox2 and Nox5: The role of the small GTPase Sar1.	Superoxides	45-55	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	81-85
28982074-6	2018	Here, we tested our hypothesis that autophagy is required for IL-13-mediated superoxide production via the NADPH oxidase DUOX1.	Superoxides	77-87	dual oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	121-126
28982074-13	2018	Silencing DUOX1 by siRNA attenuated IL-13-mediated increases in superoxide, but did not reduce autophagy activities.	Superoxides	64-74	dual oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	10-15
28982074-16	2018	The findings suggest non-canonical autophagy activity regulates DUOX1-dependent localization required for intracellular superoxide production during Th2 inflammation.	Superoxides	120-130	dual oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	64-69
29594097-5	2018	We show that cadmium telluride (CdTe) QDs with conduction band (CB) position at -0.5 V with respect to Normal Hydrogen Electron (NHE) and visible 2.4 eV bandgap generate a large flux of selective superoxide radicals, thereby demonstrating the effective light-activated therapy.	Superoxides	196-206	solute carrier family 9 member C1	Homo sapiens	129-132
29531225-9	2018	Intriguingly, PON2 reduces c-Jun-mediated transcriptional activation of IGF-1 gene by decreasing mitochondrial superoxide generation.	Superoxides	111-121	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	27-32
29531225-9	2018	Intriguingly, PON2 reduces c-Jun-mediated transcriptional activation of IGF-1 gene by decreasing mitochondrial superoxide generation.	Superoxides	111-121	insulin-like growth factor 1	Mus musculus	72-77
29291576-7	2018	The levels of H2O2, O2 -, and  OH were increased, but the activities of CAT, GSH-PX, and POD were decreased by GSK-3beta RNA interference.	Superoxides	16-18	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta, genome duplicate a	Danio rerio	111-120
29165597-11	2018	Adding ethacrynic acid or silencing of GSTA1 increased aldosterone secretion by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide, H2O2 levels, and Ca2+ influx.	Superoxides	122-132	glutathione S-transferase alpha 1	Homo sapiens	39-44
29024093-4	2017	For CmO2+ , and AnO2+ beyond EsO2+ , the most stable structure has side-on bonded eta2 -(O2 ), as AnIII peroxides for An=Cm and Lr, and as AnII superoxides for An=Fm, Md, and No.	Superoxides	144-155	DNA polymerase iota	Homo sapiens	82-86
28916474-4	2017	In aging cells, NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4), one of the main superoxide generating enzymes, and its associated protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) chaperone were highly activated, and the resultant ER redox imbalance leads to disturbance of protein folding capability, namely endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, ultimately inducing dissociation between HSP90 and IRE-1alpha or PERK, decreasing HSP90 stability and dissociating the binding of eNOS from the HSP90 and leading to eNOS uncoupling.	Superoxides	56-66	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	16-31
28916474-4	2017	In aging cells, NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4), one of the main superoxide generating enzymes, and its associated protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) chaperone were highly activated, and the resultant ER redox imbalance leads to disturbance of protein folding capability, namely endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, ultimately inducing dissociation between HSP90 and IRE-1alpha or PERK, decreasing HSP90 stability and dissociating the binding of eNOS from the HSP90 and leading to eNOS uncoupling.	Superoxides	56-66	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	33-37
28916474-4	2017	In aging cells, NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4), one of the main superoxide generating enzymes, and its associated protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) chaperone were highly activated, and the resultant ER redox imbalance leads to disturbance of protein folding capability, namely endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, ultimately inducing dissociation between HSP90 and IRE-1alpha or PERK, decreasing HSP90 stability and dissociating the binding of eNOS from the HSP90 and leading to eNOS uncoupling.	Superoxides	56-66	prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit beta	Homo sapiens	106-133
28916474-4	2017	In aging cells, NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4), one of the main superoxide generating enzymes, and its associated protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) chaperone were highly activated, and the resultant ER redox imbalance leads to disturbance of protein folding capability, namely endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, ultimately inducing dissociation between HSP90 and IRE-1alpha or PERK, decreasing HSP90 stability and dissociating the binding of eNOS from the HSP90 and leading to eNOS uncoupling.	Superoxides	56-66	prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit beta	Homo sapiens	135-138
28942246-16	2017	Taken together, these studies demonstrate that HNF1b plays an essential role in controlling hepatic TG homeostasis and insulin sensitivity by regulating DPP4/NOX1mediated generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	185-195	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	158-162
28751023-10	2017	Further, pretreatment with Mito-TEMPO, a mitochondrial superoxide scavenger, blocked TGF-beta-induced mitochondrial superoxide, NOX4 expression and differentiation of human lung fibroblasts.	Superoxides	55-65	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	128-132
28842346-6	2017	Deleting the Cse gene exacerbated the decrease in H2S and GSH levels and increase in superoxide formation and oxidative damage to proteins, lipids, and DNA in the kidneys after UUO, which were accompanied by greater kidney fibrosis, deposition of extracellular matrixes, expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin, tubular damage, and infiltration of inflammatory cells.	Superoxides	85-95	cystathionase (cystathionine gamma-lyase)	Mus musculus	13-16
28878116-6	2017	NOX2 inhibition decreased LPS-induced superoxide and prevented mitochondrial dysfunction.	Superoxides	38-48	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	0-4
28572500-14	2017	The increased cytoplasmic free Ca2+ concentration along with MYOD, MYOG, and micro-RNA upregulation could be related to reduced O2 - production, which, in turn, favors myogenic regeneration.	Superoxides	128-130	myogenin	Homo sapiens	67-71
28396118-2	2017	Since myogenic contractions are enhanced by superoxide but impaired by hydrogen peroxide, we tested the hypothesis that they are counterregulated by superoxide and H2O2 from NOX2/p47phox and/or NOX4/POLDIP2 in CKD.	Superoxides	149-159	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	174-178
28396118-7	2017	Myogenic responses in arterioles from POLDIP2 +/- (versus wild type) mice with CKD had over an 85% reduction in H2O2, but preserved superoxide and a normal myogenic response.	Superoxides	132-142	polymerase (DNA-directed), delta interacting protein 2	Mus musculus	38-45
28396118-9	2017	Thus, afferent arteriolar superoxide generated by NOX2/p47phox opposes H2O2 generated by NOX4/POLDIP2 whose upregulation in afferent arterioles from mice with CKD accounts for impaired myogenic contractions.	Superoxides	26-36	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	50-54
28396118-9	2017	Thus, afferent arteriolar superoxide generated by NOX2/p47phox opposes H2O2 generated by NOX4/POLDIP2 whose upregulation in afferent arterioles from mice with CKD accounts for impaired myogenic contractions.	Superoxides	26-36	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	89-93
28396118-9	2017	Thus, afferent arteriolar superoxide generated by NOX2/p47phox opposes H2O2 generated by NOX4/POLDIP2 whose upregulation in afferent arterioles from mice with CKD accounts for impaired myogenic contractions.	Superoxides	26-36	polymerase (DNA-directed), delta interacting protein 2	Mus musculus	94-101
28771600-9	2017	An oxidative stress PCR array followed by quantitative PCR revealed that NADPH oxidase-4 (NOX4), an enzyme that generates superoxide, gene expression was up-regulated in arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs) of klotho mice.	Superoxides	122-132	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	73-88
28771600-9	2017	An oxidative stress PCR array followed by quantitative PCR revealed that NADPH oxidase-4 (NOX4), an enzyme that generates superoxide, gene expression was up-regulated in arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs) of klotho mice.	Superoxides	122-132	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	90-94
28568315-9	2017	The superoxide radical degradation pathway was identified as over-represented based on the differential expression of the genes GPX7, SOD2 and TYRP1, suggesting a potential role for oxidative stress or inflammatory pathways among low gain-high intake animals.	Superoxides	4-22	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Bos taurus	134-138
28495429-2	2017	Into mitochondria, MnSOD catalyses superoxide radical producing HP and oxygen.	Superoxides	35-53	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	19-24
28461152-2	2017	The azide anion is a potent competitive inhibitor that binds directly to the metal and is used as a substrate analog to superoxide in studies of SOD.	Superoxides	120-130	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	145-148
28461152-3	2017	The crystal structure of human MnSOD-azide complex was solved and shows the putative binding position of superoxide, providing a model for binding to the active site.	Superoxides	105-115	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	31-36
28398002-3	2017	Here, we demonstrate that an increase in superoxide anion radicals due to superoxide dismutase 2 (Sod2) deficiency in stromal precursor cells suppress osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation through fundamental changes in the global metabolite landscape.	Superoxides	41-66	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	74-96
28398002-3	2017	Here, we demonstrate that an increase in superoxide anion radicals due to superoxide dismutase 2 (Sod2) deficiency in stromal precursor cells suppress osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation through fundamental changes in the global metabolite landscape.	Superoxides	41-66	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	98-102
28659507-5	2017	Mesenteric arteries and thoracic aortae from aged mice exhibited higher Nox2-dependent superoxide production.	Superoxides	87-97	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	72-76
28336528-4	2017	In this study, we identify a mechanism for CD36 to promote thrombosis by increasing activation of MAPK extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5), a protein kinase known to be exquisitely sensitive to redox stress, through a signaling pathway requiring Src kinases, NADPH oxidase, superoxide radical anion, and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	285-309	mitogen-activated protein kinase 7	Mus musculus	144-148
28336528-7	2017	These findings suggest that atherogenic conditions critically regulate platelet CD36 signaling by increasing superoxide radical anion and hydrogen peroxide through a mechanism that promotes activation of MAPK ERK5.	Superoxides	109-133	mitogen-activated protein kinase 7	Mus musculus	209-213
28126743-0	2017	Superoxide generation from nNOS splice variants and its potential involvement in redox signal regulation.	Superoxides	0-10	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	27-31
28126743-2	2017	Here, we used electron paramagnetic resonance to compare the electron-uncoupling reactions of recombinant nNOS-micro and nNOS-alpha that generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), in this case superoxide.	Superoxides	190-200	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	106-110
28126743-2	2017	Here, we used electron paramagnetic resonance to compare the electron-uncoupling reactions of recombinant nNOS-micro and nNOS-alpha that generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), in this case superoxide.	Superoxides	190-200	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	121-125
28126743-3	2017	nNOS-micro generated 44% of the amount of superoxide that nNOS-alpha generated.	Superoxides	42-52	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
28126743-3	2017	nNOS-micro generated 44% of the amount of superoxide that nNOS-alpha generated.	Superoxides	42-52	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	58-62
28366987-4	2017	H2O2 was generated simultaneously in this reaction mixture probably from the hydroperoxy radical (HO2 ), which is equilibrated with O2 - in an aqueous condition, and then H2O2 consumed O2 -.	Superoxides	2-4	heme oxygenase 2	Homo sapiens	98-101
27701898-0	2017	Differential regulation of oxidative stress and cytokine production by endothelin ETA and ETB receptors in superoxide anion-induced inflammation and pain in mice.	Superoxides	107-123	endothelin receptor type A	Mus musculus	82-85
30263539-6	2017	The hydroxycinnamates also inhibited the irradiation-mediated increases in the mitochondrial superoxide anions of Lin-Sca-1+c-Kit+ (LSK) cells and CD150+CD48- LSK cells in the bone marrow.	Superoxides	93-103	lymphocyte protein tyrosine kinase	Mus musculus	132-135
28187742-8	2017	Suppression of cPLA2alpha activity inhibited superoxide production by NOX2-NADPH oxidase and activation of NF-kappaB detected by the phosphorylation of p65 on serine 536 at 15 min by LPS and at 4 h by IFNgamma.	Superoxides	45-55	phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent)	Mus musculus	15-25
28187742-8	2017	Suppression of cPLA2alpha activity inhibited superoxide production by NOX2-NADPH oxidase and activation of NF-kappaB detected by the phosphorylation of p65 on serine 536 at 15 min by LPS and at 4 h by IFNgamma.	Superoxides	45-55	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	70-74
29047081-6	2017	In parallel with these different cellular sites of superoxide production, the three SOD isoforms are also specifically localized to the cytosol (SOD1), mitochondria (SOD2) or extracellular compartment (SOD3).	Superoxides	51-61	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	166-170
27556956-6	2017	The production of superoxide anion in KO-Rtp801 MLF was lower than that in Rtp801 Wt cells after CSE treatment, and it was inhibited in Wt MLF by silencing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase-4 (Nox4) expression with small interfering Nox4 RNA.	Superoxides	18-34	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	156-209
27556956-6	2017	The production of superoxide anion in KO-Rtp801 MLF was lower than that in Rtp801 Wt cells after CSE treatment, and it was inhibited in Wt MLF by silencing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase-4 (Nox4) expression with small interfering Nox4 RNA.	Superoxides	18-34	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	211-215
27556956-6	2017	The production of superoxide anion in KO-Rtp801 MLF was lower than that in Rtp801 Wt cells after CSE treatment, and it was inhibited in Wt MLF by silencing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase-4 (Nox4) expression with small interfering Nox4 RNA.	Superoxides	18-34	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	251-255
27634671-12	2017	Knockdown of NOX4 caused an increased mitochondrial membrane potential, decreased mitochondrial superoxide levels, reduced number of apoptotic cells, decreased lipid accumulation, and improved ATP levels and NAD+/NADH ratio after ethanol treatment.	Superoxides	96-106	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	13-17
29062837-12	2017	We conclude that the NK1-mediated neurocompensatory response to balloon injury elicits a contractile hyperreactivity to endothelin-1 in rat contralateral carotid by enhancing the muscular ETB-mediated NADPH oxidase-driven generation of superoxide, which activates calcium channels.	Superoxides	236-246	endothelin receptor type B	Rattus norvegicus	188-191
29069652-9	2017	Higher Wnt3a and beta-catenin mRNA and protein expressions and c-myc and cyclinD1 mRNA expressions, enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) contents, decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content and elevated mitochondrial membrane potential ( psim) were found in the 10 and 15 micromol/L Cur groups compared with the 6-OHDA group.	Superoxides	109-119	Wnt family member 3A	Rattus norvegicus	7-12
27912212-6	2016	Furthermore, Gialpha-2 and Gialpha-3 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide treatments significantly decreased the enhanced levels of Gialpha-2 and Gialpha-3 proteins, respectively, and enhanced levels of superoxide anion and NADPH oxidase activity in heart, aorta, and kidney and hyperproliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells from SHRs aged 6 weeks.	Superoxides	197-213	G protein subunit alpha i3	Rattus norvegicus	27-36
27763643-8	2016	Activation of AT1 receptors in mitochondria regulates superoxide production, via Nox4, and increases respiration.	Superoxides	54-64	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Rattus norvegicus	14-17
28721275-6	2016	Superoxide anion production increased in ACE2KO mice, with increased mRNA levels of NADPH oxidase subunit, p22phox, p40phox, p67phox, and gp91phox in the hippocampus of ACE2KO mice compared with WT mice.	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	138-146
27173532-2	2016	Superoxide radicals (O2(*-)) and their protonated form (hydroperoxyl radicals, HO2(*)) were detected by the reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium into formazan, and hydroxyl radicals (OH(*)) were detected by the hydroxylation of terephthalate.	Superoxides	0-19	heme oxygenase 2	Homo sapiens	79-82
27173532-3	2016	Under gastric conditions, O2(*-)/HO2(*) were detected in higher quantity than OH(*).	Superoxides	26-28	heme oxygenase 2	Homo sapiens	33-36
27404504-0	2016	Angiotensin II receptor one (AT1) mediates dextrose induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and superoxide production in human coronary artery endothelial cells.	Superoxides	93-103	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	29-32
26918530-5	2016	Leptin increased superoxide anion (O2 ( ) -) generation from NADPH oxidase (via PI3 K/Akt pathway), NOX2 expression and nitrotyrosine levels.	Superoxides	17-33	leptin	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
26918530-5	2016	Leptin increased superoxide anion (O2 ( ) -) generation from NADPH oxidase (via PI3 K/Akt pathway), NOX2 expression and nitrotyrosine levels.	Superoxides	35-37	leptin	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
27455510-2	2016	NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4), a source of cellular superoxide anions, has multiple biological functions that may be of importance in inflammation and in the pathogenesis of human metabolic diseases, including diabetes.	Superoxides	45-62	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	0-15
27455510-2	2016	NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4), a source of cellular superoxide anions, has multiple biological functions that may be of importance in inflammation and in the pathogenesis of human metabolic diseases, including diabetes.	Superoxides	45-62	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	17-21
27389323-10	2016	The increased levels of superoxide, as well as peroxynitrite, coexist with the impaired vasodilation related to ATP-sensitive K(+) channels and CSE.	Superoxides	24-34	cystathionine gamma-lyase	Rattus norvegicus	144-147
26988591-8	2016	The production of macrophage-dependent HMGB1 involved Nox2 activation and superoxide anion production, which was mitigated by MSC treatment.	Superoxides	74-90	high mobility group box 1	Mus musculus	39-44
26578367-12	2016	It is likely that TRPV1-mediated Ca(2+) entry in the uterus of pregnant rats involves accumulation of oxidative stress and opening of mitochondrial membrane pores that consequently leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, substantial swelling of the mitochondria with rupture of the outer membrane and release of oxidants such as superoxide (O2 (-)) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	325-335	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	18-23
26578367-12	2016	It is likely that TRPV1-mediated Ca(2+) entry in the uterus of pregnant rats involves accumulation of oxidative stress and opening of mitochondrial membrane pores that consequently leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, substantial swelling of the mitochondria with rupture of the outer membrane and release of oxidants such as superoxide (O2 (-)) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	337-339	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	18-23
26912033-8	2016	The levels of NADPH oxidase activity and superoxide production in the ischemic tissue were higher in SMP30 KO and old mice than in young mice.	Superoxides	41-51	regucalcin	Mus musculus	101-106
27695650-4	2016	We found that GLB-12 produces superoxide, a type of ROS, after which this is converted to what appears to be a hydrogen peroxide gradient over the plasma membrane by the activity of intracellular and extracellular superoxide dismutases.	Superoxides	30-40	GLOBIN domain-containing protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	14-20
26769958-8	2016	The superoxide anion scavenger decreased hypoxia-induced Fas ligand, Fas death receptors, Fas-associated death domain (FADD), activated caspase-8, and activated caspase-3 (Fas-dependent apoptotic pathway) as well as Bad, activated caspase-9 and activated caspase-3 (mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway), endonuclease G (EndoG), apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), and TUNEL-positive apoptosis.	Superoxides	4-20	Fas ligand	Rattus norvegicus	57-67
26769958-8	2016	The superoxide anion scavenger decreased hypoxia-induced Fas ligand, Fas death receptors, Fas-associated death domain (FADD), activated caspase-8, and activated caspase-3 (Fas-dependent apoptotic pathway) as well as Bad, activated caspase-9 and activated caspase-3 (mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway), endonuclease G (EndoG), apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), and TUNEL-positive apoptosis.	Superoxides	4-20	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	161-170
26769958-8	2016	The superoxide anion scavenger decreased hypoxia-induced Fas ligand, Fas death receptors, Fas-associated death domain (FADD), activated caspase-8, and activated caspase-3 (Fas-dependent apoptotic pathway) as well as Bad, activated caspase-9 and activated caspase-3 (mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway), endonuclease G (EndoG), apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), and TUNEL-positive apoptosis.	Superoxides	4-20	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	255-264
26769958-9	2016	The superoxide anion scavenger increased IGF-1, IGF-1R, p-PI3k, p-Akt, p-Bad, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xL (survival pathway).	Superoxides	4-20	insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor	Rattus norvegicus	48-54
26769958-9	2016	The superoxide anion scavenger increased IGF-1, IGF-1R, p-PI3k, p-Akt, p-Bad, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xL (survival pathway).	Superoxides	4-20	Bcl2-like 1	Rattus norvegicus	89-95
27079272-9	2016	The requirement for ONOO(-) in transducing Ang II signaling identifies ONOO(-), which has been viewed as a reactive damaging byproduct of superoxide and nitric oxide, as a mediator of GPCR-CaMKII signaling.	Superoxides	138-148	calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II gamma	Homo sapiens	189-195
26390063-6	2016	Here, we demonstrate that both the activity of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), a superoxide-generating enzyme obligatory for CS-induced DNA damage and EndoC apoptosis, and superoxide concentrations are increased after CS exposure in the absence of MIF.	Superoxides	80-90	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	47-70
26390063-6	2016	Here, we demonstrate that both the activity of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), a superoxide-generating enzyme obligatory for CS-induced DNA damage and EndoC apoptosis, and superoxide concentrations are increased after CS exposure in the absence of MIF.	Superoxides	80-90	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	72-75
26905073-6	2016	It is shown that the activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in tumor tissue correlate with the superoxide radicals generation rate and NO levels (r = 0.48/0.67, p &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	84-103	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Homo sapiens	33-38
26800483-2	2016	Recently, the authors" reported that these peptides have important physiological roles in positively regulating vasodilator nitric oxide (NO) production in the cerebral circulation, and may normally suppress superoxide production by the pro-oxidant enzyme, Nox2-NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	208-218	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	257-261
26544677-3	2016	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is the major antioxidant in the mitochondria, catalyzing the metabolism of superoxide radicals to form hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
26780438-8	2016	Leptin increased protein levels of collagen I, TGF-beta and CTGF, Akt phosphorylation and O2(-) production in both cardiac myofibroblasts and vascular smooth muscle cells in culture, while LOX inhibition ameliorated these alterations.	Superoxides	90-93	leptin	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
26743904-0	2016	Copper Ion from Cu2O Crystal Induces AMPK-Mediated Autophagy via Superoxide in Endothelial Cells.	Superoxides	65-75	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Homo sapiens	37-41
26743904-8	2016	Cu2O crystals promote endothelial cell death via autophagy, elevate the level of reactive oxygen species such as superoxide and nitric oxide, and subsequently activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) through superoxide rather than nitric oxide.	Superoxides	212-222	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Homo sapiens	198-202
26929451-0	2016	Elevated p62/SQSTM1 determines the fate of autophagy-deficient neural stem cells by increasing superoxide.	Superoxides	95-105	sequestosome 1	Mus musculus	9-12
26929451-0	2016	Elevated p62/SQSTM1 determines the fate of autophagy-deficient neural stem cells by increasing superoxide.	Superoxides	95-105	sequestosome 1	Mus musculus	13-19
26929451-5	2016	Fip200 and p62 double conditional knockout mice demonstrated that p62 aggregate formation triggers aberrant superoxide increases by impairing superoxide dismutase functions.	Superoxides	108-118	RB1-inducible coiled-coil 1	Mus musculus	0-6
26929451-5	2016	Fip200 and p62 double conditional knockout mice demonstrated that p62 aggregate formation triggers aberrant superoxide increases by impairing superoxide dismutase functions.	Superoxides	108-118	sequestosome 1	Mus musculus	66-69
26929451-6	2016	By comparing the inhibition of autophagy by deletion of Atg5, Atg16L1, or Atg7 with Fip200 deletion, we revealed a critical role of increased p62 in determining the fate of autophagy-deficient NSCs through intracellular superoxide control.	Superoxides	220-230	sequestosome 1	Mus musculus	142-145
26768586-7	2016	Over-expression of NOX4 or p66(shc) suppressed the inhibitory effects of GB on superoxide generation and the protective effects of GB on loss of cell viability and apoptosis associated with cisplatin.	Superoxides	79-89	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	19-23
26715682-2	2016	In particular, the superoxide-generating type 1 NADPH oxidase (NOX1) has been shown to be induced and play a pivotal role in early phases of mouse models of atherosclerosis and in the context of diabetes mellitus.	Superoxides	19-29	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	63-67
27630759-1	2016	Mitochondrial superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) converts superoxide anions to hydrogen peroxide and oxygen.	Superoxides	53-70	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	38-42
27630759-6	2016	Elevating cellular superoxide production reduced SOD2 protein content.	Superoxides	19-29	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	49-53
27630759-11	2016	Increased cellular superoxide anion production might affect SOD2 protein content.	Superoxides	19-35	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	60-64
26548865-0	2016	Activation of Mitochondrial Uncoupling Protein 4 and ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channel Cumulatively Decreases Superoxide Production in Insect Mitochondria.	Superoxides	108-118	solute carrier family 25 member 27	Homo sapiens	14-48
26548865-1	2016	It has been evidenced that mitochondrial uncoupling protein 4 (UCP4) and ATP-regulated potassium channel (mKATP channel) of insect Gromphadorhina coqereliana mitochondria decrease superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	180-196	solute carrier family 25 member 27	Homo sapiens	27-61
26548865-1	2016	It has been evidenced that mitochondrial uncoupling protein 4 (UCP4) and ATP-regulated potassium channel (mKATP channel) of insect Gromphadorhina coqereliana mitochondria decrease superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	180-196	solute carrier family 25 member 27	Homo sapiens	63-67
26548865-3	2016	Our data show that the simultaneous activation of UCP4 by palmitic acid and mKATP channel by pinacidil revealed a cumulative effect on weakening mitochondrial superoxide formation.	Superoxides	159-169	solute carrier family 25 member 27	Homo sapiens	50-54
26548865-4	2016	The inhibition of UCP4 by GTP (and/or ATP) and mKATP channel by ATP elevated superoxide production.	Superoxides	77-87	solute carrier family 25 member 27	Homo sapiens	18-22
28053678-4	2016	Mitochondria-located manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD, SOD2) successfully converts superoxide to the less reactive hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	31-41	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	53-58
28053678-4	2016	Mitochondria-located manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD, SOD2) successfully converts superoxide to the less reactive hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	31-41	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	60-64
26569557-5	2015	The reaction rate constant of PF-1 with O2( -) (kPF-1) was pH-dependent: (3.2-23.5) x 10(7) M(-1) s(-1) at pHTOT 7.65-8.50.	Superoxides	40-42	PHD finger protein 12	Homo sapiens	30-34
26569557-8	2015	The photoformation of fluorescein, due to the reaction of PF-1 with the O2( -) photochemically produced in the seawater, was linear within the 20 min irradiation.	Superoxides	72-78	PHD finger protein 12	Homo sapiens	58-62
26652025-9	2015	Next, we used AdSOD2 to upregulate SOD2 prior to HG exposure and thereby noted reduction in superoxide generation.	Superoxides	92-102	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	16-20
26640170-6	2015	Mechanistic analysis in cultured pulmonary epithelial cells (A549) suggests that STC1 inhibits thrombin-induced and PAR1-mediated ERK activation through suppression of superoxide.	Superoxides	168-178	stanniocalcin 1	Mus musculus	81-85
6894924-2	1981	By using cytochrome c reduction to monitor superoxide, it is found that the stoichiometry of superoxide produced to enzyme reoxidized is 2:1, significantly greater than previously reported (Olson, J. S., Ballou, D. P., Palmer, G., and Massey, V. (1974) J. Biol.	Superoxides	93-103	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	9-21
6894924-5	1981	Furthermore, the kinetics of superoxide-dependent cytochrome c reduction exhibits a pronounced lag during the rapid phase of enzyme reoxidation and a limiting rate identical with that of the slow phase of enzyme reoxidation.	Superoxides	29-39	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	50-62
6271378-1	1981	Exogenous prostaglandins E1 and E2 and L-isoproterenol potently inhibited the production of superoxide anions by human neutrophils activated in vitro by n-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP).	Superoxides	92-109	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	193-197
6167983-1	1981	Superoxide dismutase (SOD; superoxide: superoxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.15.1.1) catalyzes the dismutation of O2- free radicals formed during various enzymatic reactions or by ionizing radiation.	Superoxides	27-37	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
6167983-1	1981	Superoxide dismutase (SOD; superoxide: superoxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.15.1.1) catalyzes the dismutation of O2- free radicals formed during various enzymatic reactions or by ionizing radiation.	Superoxides	108-110	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
6257719-9	1981	radical then reacts with oxygen to form superoxide, which ultimately reduces cytochrome c.	Superoxides	40-50	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	77-89
6259208-3	1981	Production of superoxide anion (O2-) stimulated by concanavalin A or the chemotactic peptide formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine FMLP was inhibited by DASA pretreatment, whereas O2- production stimulated by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), sodium fluoride.	Superoxides	14-30	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	131-135
6893656-5	1980	In addition, toxic oxygen species, such as superoxide, that are produced by granulocytes that have been triggered by C5a can damage the endothelium, an event that may, if it occurs in the lungs, contribute to the development of the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).	Superoxides	43-53	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	117-120
33868265-1	2021	While oxidative stress has been linked to multiple sclerosis (MS), the role of superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase (Nox2) in central nervous system (CNS) pathogenesis remains unclear.	Superoxides	79-89	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	125-129
33867840-2	2021	We have previously demonstrated that MnSOD lysine-68 (K68) acetylation (K68-Ac) leads to a change in function from a superoxide-scavenging homotetramer to a peroxidase-directed monomer.	Superoxides	117-127	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	37-42
33548451-10	2021	PDEVs were shown to be able to generate superoxide in a process at least partially mediated by Nox-1, while Nox-1 inhibition with ML171 (also known as 2-APT) did not influence PDEV production.	Superoxides	40-50	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	95-100
33548451-12	2021	CONCLUSIONS: PDEVs are able to generate superoxide, bind to and activate platelets in a process mediated by Nox-1.	Superoxides	40-50	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	108-113
33079465-4	2021	The nanozyme prevents the mitochondrial damage in SOD1 and SOD2-depleted cells by regulating the superoxide levels and restores the physiological levels of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins.	Superoxides	97-107	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	59-63
33535682-10	2021	Ala-SOD2 SNP cells exhibited increased levels of total ROS and superoxide and were more sensitive to co-treatment with H2O2 and MSKE, which led to reduced cell growth and increased apoptosis.	Superoxides	63-73	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	4-8
33054395-1	2021	OBJECTIVE: The superoxide-generating Nox2 (NADPH oxidase-2) is expressed in multiple cell types.	Superoxides	15-25	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	37-41
33054395-1	2021	OBJECTIVE: The superoxide-generating Nox2 (NADPH oxidase-2) is expressed in multiple cell types.	Superoxides	15-25	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	43-58
33495519-11	2021	Experiments using siRNA-mediated knockdown or adenoviral overexpression revealed that ERO1alpha mediated the inhibitory effects of exendin-4 on ER stress and superoxide anion production, thus ameliorating HHcy-induced endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	158-174	endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductase 1 alpha	Mus musculus	86-95
32582913-5	2020	Mechanistic studies showed that MIF protects MM cells from PI-induced apoptosis by maintaining mitochondrial function via suppression of superoxide production in response to PIs.	Superoxides	137-147	macrophage migration inhibitory factor	Homo sapiens	32-35
32758662-4	2020	Superoxide is produced by the phagocyte NADPH oxidase, a complex enzyme composed of two membrane subunits, gp91phox or NOX2 and p22phox, and four cytosolic components p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and Rac2.	Superoxides	0-10	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	176-183
32915316-3	2020	The aim of this study is to determine whether interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) in the PVN mediates the ERR, and whether the IL-1beta production in the PVN is dependent on the AT1R-superoxide anion signaling.	Superoxides	176-192	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Rattus norvegicus	171-175
33082778-9	2020	Collectively, these results suggested that the contribution of Bmi1 toward decreased sensitivity to noise-induced trauma following SC was triggered by Hsp70 induction and associated with enhancement of the antioxidant system and decreased mitochondrial superoxide accumulation.	Superoxides	253-263	BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger	Rattus norvegicus	63-67
32597024-3	2020	The effects of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in suppressing superoxide (O2 - ) release from neutrophils are transiently impaired in acute heart failure.	Superoxides	63-73	natriuretic peptide B	Homo sapiens	15-41
32597024-3	2020	The effects of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in suppressing superoxide (O2 - ) release from neutrophils are transiently impaired in acute heart failure.	Superoxides	63-73	natriuretic peptide B	Homo sapiens	43-46
32724135-6	2020	Similarly, the in vitro data demonstrated that silencing Tom70 enhanced high-glucose and high-fat (HGHF) medium treatment-induced mitochondrial superoxide production, decreased ATP production and the mitochondrial membrane potential, and enhanced cell apoptosis in neonatal cardiomyocytes.	Superoxides	144-154	translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 70A	Mus musculus	57-62
33045951-9	2020	This zinc-activated switch has the potential to alter the ratio of superoxide and H2O2 generated by the LADH oxidase activity.	Superoxides	67-77	dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase	Sus scrofa	104-108
31935117-6	2020	In the LV of SRD-fed rats, chia seed improved/reverted the depleted activity of antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase, and ameliorated MnSOD mRNA levels increasing the expression of the nuclear factor Nrf2.	Superoxides	124-134	chitinase, acidic	Rattus norvegicus	27-31
31923552-7	2020	Mechanistically, the activation of the superoxide-generating enzyme NADPH oxidase (NOX2) on NE-LC neurons was essential for their heightened vulnerability during chronic neuroinflammation.	Superoxides	39-49	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	83-87
32171837-4	2020	Moreover, CS@Se significantly increased the levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), Na+/K+-ATPase assay (Na+/K+-ATPase) and acetyltransferase (ChAT), and decreased the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and acetylcholinesterase (ChAE) in AD mice.	Superoxides	54-64	choline acetyltransferase	Mus musculus	173-177
32248057-3	2020	Expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 1 (Nox1), which produces superoxide, is associated with senescence in vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro and atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice in vivo.	Superoxides	91-101	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	14-67
32248057-3	2020	Expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 1 (Nox1), which produces superoxide, is associated with senescence in vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro and atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice in vivo.	Superoxides	91-101	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	69-73
32149414-10	2020	First, proper level of SOD2 helped CRC cells maintain mitochondrial function by disposal of superoxide (O2 .- ).	Superoxides	92-102	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	23-27
32301972-9	2020	TCF4 regulated mitochondrial functions including mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial superoxide levels, and energy production.	Superoxides	97-107	transcription factor 4	Homo sapiens	0-4
32059146-9	2020	In the 2-MeO-E1 metabolic pathway, rs165599 in COMT was significantly associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (P = 0.009).	Superoxides	7-12	catechol-O-methyltransferase	Homo sapiens	47-51
31945431-3	2020	We developed and evaluated a new automatable monitoring tool (Early Warning ScoreO2: EWS.O2) that incorporates cardio-respiratory parameters (Respiratory rate, Heart rate, SpO2, and FiO2 derived from oxygen flow rate), aiming to achieve early detection of poor outcome among patients with dyspnea.	Superoxides	81-83	EWS RNA binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	85-88
31945431-3	2020	We developed and evaluated a new automatable monitoring tool (Early Warning ScoreO2: EWS.O2) that incorporates cardio-respiratory parameters (Respiratory rate, Heart rate, SpO2, and FiO2 derived from oxygen flow rate), aiming to achieve early detection of poor outcome among patients with dyspnea.	Superoxides	89-91	EWS RNA binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	85-88
31945431-8	2020	The EWS.O2 displayed better or comparable predictive accuracy at triage (AUROC: 0.704, 95%CI 0.672-0.736) compared to NEWS (0.662, p &lt; 0.01), NEWS2 (0.672, p = 0.02) and SpO2/FiO2 (0.695, p = 0.46).	Superoxides	8-10	EWS RNA binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	4-7
31841922-7	2020	Annual soil N2O fluxes for SC, SD, and AF sites were 2.38 +- 0.17 kg N ha-1 yr-1, 0.94 +- 0.14 kg N ha-1 yr-1, and 0.47 +- 0.01 kg N ha-1 yr-1, respectively.	Superoxides	12-15	solute carrier family 9 member B1	Homo sapiens	69-80
31977206-9	2020	The change of the O2/fuel ratio from 0.5 to 2.0 lead to an increase of CO2 formation mainly from O2 + O=COH   CO2 + HO2 and O2 + CO   CO2 + O reactions.	Superoxides	18-20	heme oxygenase 2	Homo sapiens	116-119
31977206-9	2020	The change of the O2/fuel ratio from 0.5 to 2.0 lead to an increase of CO2 formation mainly from O2 + O=COH   CO2 + HO2 and O2 + CO   CO2 + O reactions.	Superoxides	72-74	heme oxygenase 2	Homo sapiens	116-119
31977206-9	2020	The change of the O2/fuel ratio from 0.5 to 2.0 lead to an increase of CO2 formation mainly from O2 + O=COH   CO2 + HO2 and O2 + CO   CO2 + O reactions.	Superoxides	72-74	heme oxygenase 2	Homo sapiens	116-119
31919630-6	2020	The high SOD2 levels in UFM and PM cells correlated with lower levels of superoxide and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and with morphological anomalies and depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane detected through confocal microscopy.	Superoxides	73-83	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	9-13
31919630-9	2020	Overall, these data suggest that in PM and UFM carriers, which have high levels of FMR1 transcription and may develop FXTAS, SOD2 overexpression helps to maintain low levels of both superoxide and ROS with signs of mitochondrial degradation.	Superoxides	182-192	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	125-129
31643023-12	2020	Mechanically, Dex blocked Dox-induced the ubiquitination of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1alpha), leading to the restoration of PGC-1alpha and downstream oxidative stress-protective molecules uncoupling protein 2 and manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase expression.	Superoxides	282-292	peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1 alpha	Mus musculus	60-128
31643023-12	2020	Mechanically, Dex blocked Dox-induced the ubiquitination of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1alpha), leading to the restoration of PGC-1alpha and downstream oxidative stress-protective molecules uncoupling protein 2 and manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase expression.	Superoxides	282-292	peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1 alpha	Mus musculus	130-140
31602731-3	2019	ADR is equipped with chemiluminescence and near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) signaling channels that can be activated by oxidative stress (superoxide anion, O2 .- ) and lysosomal damage (N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase, NAG), respectively.	Superoxides	139-155	O-GlcNAcase	Mus musculus	187-218
31629029-10	2019	As a result, Rb1 alleviated the injury induced by MGO by increasing the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and total glutathione, decreasing the level of malondialdehyde, and alleviating mitochondrial damage and ROS production.	Superoxides	86-96	RB transcriptional corepressor 1	Homo sapiens	13-16
31710352-4	2019	Here, we found that hypoxia, as modeled by 1% O2 or exposure to the hypoxia-mimetic reagent desferrioxamine (DFO) has strong inductive effects on the expression of CXCL13 and CXCR5, a CXCL13 receptor, in both undifferentiated and differentiated adipocytes and in organ-cultured white adipose tissue (WAT).	Superoxides	46-48	chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 5	Mus musculus	175-180
31754457-7	2019	Interestingly, superoxide scavengers N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and Tempol, chemicals that reduce oxidative stress, were able to recover liver phenotypes, indicating that mTORC1 hyperactivation induced liver damage mainly through oxidative stress pathways.	Superoxides	15-25	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1	Mus musculus	167-173
31693344-7	2019	The latter mixture can also react with HS-, giving HNO and HS2- (hydrogen disulfide), a S0(sulfane)-transfer reagent toward {(H)SNO}, leading to SSNO-, a moderately stable species that slowly decomposes in aqueous sulfide-containing solutions in the minute-hour time scale, depending on [O2].	Superoxides	288-290	strawberry notch homolog 1	Homo sapiens	128-131
31697484-3	2019	The prepared MoS2/SnS2/r-GO showed significant photoexcitation of photosensitive oxygen (ROS) by electron spin resonance spectroscopy, demonstrating that superoxide radicals ( O2-), pores, and hydroxyl radicals ( OH) are the main active species.	Superoxides	154-164	sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 11	Homo sapiens	18-22
31697484-3	2019	The prepared MoS2/SnS2/r-GO showed significant photoexcitation of photosensitive oxygen (ROS) by electron spin resonance spectroscopy, demonstrating that superoxide radicals ( O2-), pores, and hydroxyl radicals ( OH) are the main active species.	Superoxides	176-178	sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 11	Homo sapiens	18-22
31704983-9	2019	The ICH-induced increase in intracellular ROS, superoxide anion, and mROS generation and the decrease in adenosine triphosphate production were exacerbated in RNF34 transgenic mice, but NADPH oxidase activity was unaffected.	Superoxides	47-63	ring finger protein 34	Mus musculus	159-164
31595739-2	2019	Herein, CeO2/SnS2 heterostructures were synthesized and applied as novel coreaction accelerator to enhance the ECL efficiency of luminol-dissolved O2 system for the first time.	Superoxides	10-12	sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 11	Homo sapiens	13-17
31595739-4	2019	CeO2/SnS2 as a electroactive substrate can remarkably accelerate the generation of abundant superoxide anion radicals (O2 -) to react with luminol anion radical (L -), achieving about 2-fold stronger ECL intensity than pure CeO2 NPs.	Superoxides	92-102	sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 11	Homo sapiens	5-9
31595739-4	2019	CeO2/SnS2 as a electroactive substrate can remarkably accelerate the generation of abundant superoxide anion radicals (O2 -) to react with luminol anion radical (L -), achieving about 2-fold stronger ECL intensity than pure CeO2 NPs.	Superoxides	2-4	sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 11	Homo sapiens	5-9
31736979-3	2019	Superoxide anion is produced by the phagocyte NADPH oxidase/NOX2, a multicomponent enzyme system consisting of six proteins: two trans-membrane proteins (gp91 phox and p22 phox ) and four soluble cytosolic proteins (p40 phox , p67 phox , p47 phox , and the small G-proteins, Rac1/2).	Superoxides	0-16	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	227-235
31432395-8	2019	Superoxide anion production by miR-1 was quantified by dihydroethidium (DHE) fluorescence in rat PA smooth muscle cells (PASMC).	Superoxides	0-16	microRNA 1	Rattus norvegicus	31-36
32055224-8	2019	IGF-1 also significantly induced the phosphorylation of v-Akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 (AKT) in the hypothalamus of chicks, but did not influence the phosphorylation of forkhead box O1, S6 protein, AMP-activated protein kinase, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2.	Superoxides	197-199	insulin-like growth factor 1	Mus musculus	0-5
31629402-7	2019	SOD2 in the resistant cells functionally determined the cell fate by limiting TMZ-stimulated superoxide reaction and cleavage of caspase-3.	Superoxides	93-103	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
31629402-10	2019	The CD133+ specific subsets in the resistant cells exhibited superior superoxide regulation and the SOD2-related caspase-3 reaction.	Superoxides	70-80	prominin 1	Homo sapiens	4-9
31591594-6	2019	Mechanistically, the impact of 3D zwitterionic hydrogel culture on mitigating HSPC differentiation and promoting self-renewal might result from an inhibition of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production via suppression of O2-related metabolism.	Superoxides	231-233	proteasome 20S subunit alpha 7	Homo sapiens	78-82
31550857-0	2019	[PDCD4 enhances the inhibitory effect of As(2)O(3) on the growth and NF-kappaB signaling pathway in neuroblastoma cells].	Superoxides	41-50	programmed cell death 4	Homo sapiens	1-6
31550857-1	2019	Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effect of programmed cell death factor 4 (PDCD4) on arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3))-induced cell growth and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) signaling pathway in neuroblastoma.	Superoxides	110-121	programmed cell death 4	Homo sapiens	83-88
31550857-3	2019	As(2)O(3) was used to treat PDCD4 overexpressing neuroblastoma cells.	Superoxides	0-9	programmed cell death 4	Homo sapiens	28-33
31550857-9	2019	The cell survival rates of the control group, PDCD4 group, As(2)O(3) group and As(2)O(3)+ PDCD4 group were 100%, (72.14+-5.20)%, (62.58+-3.14)% and (40.87+-2.47)%, respectively.	Superoxides	79-89	programmed cell death 4	Homo sapiens	90-95
31550857-12	2019	Therefore, overexpression of PDCD4 in the absence or presence of As(2)O(3) inhibited cell proliferation and clone formation ability, while promoted apoptosis.	Superoxides	65-74	programmed cell death 4	Homo sapiens	29-34
31550857-13	2019	Furthermore, the expression levels of cleaved caspase-3 in the control group, PDCD4 group, As(2)O(3) group and As(2)O(3)+ PDCD4 group were 0.21+-0.03, 0.30+-0.02, 0.43+-0.05 and 0.57+-0.06, respectively.	Superoxides	111-121	programmed cell death 4	Homo sapiens	122-127
31550857-15	2019	Compared with the control group, the expression levels of NF-kappaB p65 protein in PDCD4 group, As(2)O(3) group and As(2)O(3)+ PDCD4 group were significantly decreased (P&lt;0.05), whereas the expression level of cleaved Caspase-3 protein was significantly increased (P&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	96-105	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	58-71
31550857-15	2019	Compared with the control group, the expression levels of NF-kappaB p65 protein in PDCD4 group, As(2)O(3) group and As(2)O(3)+ PDCD4 group were significantly decreased (P&lt;0.05), whereas the expression level of cleaved Caspase-3 protein was significantly increased (P&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	116-126	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	58-71
31550857-15	2019	Compared with the control group, the expression levels of NF-kappaB p65 protein in PDCD4 group, As(2)O(3) group and As(2)O(3)+ PDCD4 group were significantly decreased (P&lt;0.05), whereas the expression level of cleaved Caspase-3 protein was significantly increased (P&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	116-126	programmed cell death 4	Homo sapiens	127-132
31550857-16	2019	The changes in As(2)O(3)+ PDCD4 group were more significant than those in PDCD4 group and As(2)O(3) groups (both P&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	15-25	programmed cell death 4	Homo sapiens	26-31
31550857-16	2019	The changes in As(2)O(3)+ PDCD4 group were more significant than those in PDCD4 group and As(2)O(3) groups (both P&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	15-24	programmed cell death 4	Homo sapiens	26-31
31550857-17	2019	Conclusion: PDCD4 enhances the inhibitory effect of As(2)O(3) on the growth and NF-kappaB signaling pathway in neuroblastoma cells.	Superoxides	52-61	programmed cell death 4	Homo sapiens	12-17
31405216-6	2019	Visfatin significantly induced apoptosis and superoxide anion production, increased miR-34a, miR-181a, superoxide dismutase (SOD)-2, catalase (CAT), NRF2 and decreased BCL2 gene and protein expression in OA chondrocytes.	Superoxides	45-61	nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase	Homo sapiens	0-8
30666648-12	2019	In addition, miR-665 overexpression has been known to impair cardiac function, promote inflammatory response while elevating malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase levels, and decreasing mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme activities.	Superoxides	145-155	microRNA 665	Rattus norvegicus	13-20
31428230-7	2019	Our results indicate that OP is able to induce apoptosis in A549 cells through the upregulation of mitochondrial Glo2 (mGlo2), mediated by the superoxide anion and Akt signaling pathway.	Superoxides	143-159	hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase	Homo sapiens	113-117
31576217-3	2019	Moreover, X-ray diffraction at 100 K under a high pressure of dioxygen, a physiological ligand of Ngb, unravelled the existence of a storage site for O2 in Ngb which coincides with Xe-III, a previously described docking site for xenon or krypton.	Superoxides	150-152	neuroglobin	Mus musculus	98-101
31576217-3	2019	Moreover, X-ray diffraction at 100 K under a high pressure of dioxygen, a physiological ligand of Ngb, unravelled the existence of a storage site for O2 in Ngb which coincides with Xe-III, a previously described docking site for xenon or krypton.	Superoxides	150-152	neuroglobin	Mus musculus	156-159
31588297-6	2019	Compared with the commercially available methylene blue (MB), syn-5al exhibits a better ability (Phi Delta = 0.61) to sensitize singlet oxygen (1O2) when irradiated with a 680 nm laser beam, and has potential as a photodynamic therapy (PDT) photosensitizer in the body"s therapeutic window (650-900 nm).	Superoxides	144-147	syntrophin gamma 2	Homo sapiens	62-67
30723080-1	2019	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 (RAC2), through interactions with reduced NAD phosphate oxidase component p67 phox , activates neutrophil superoxide production, whereas interactions with p21-activated kinase are necessary for fMLF-induced actin remodeling.	Superoxides	149-159	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	117-125
30995985-2	2019	Some studies have suggested a role for superoxide derived from Nox2 NADPH oxidase in platelet activation and thrombosis, but data are conflicting.	Superoxides	39-49	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	63-67
31178956-9	2019	Nox4-/- M(LPS+IFNgamma)-polarized macrophages express more Nox2 and produce more superoxide anions than wild type M(LPS+IFNgamma)-polarized macrophages.	Superoxides	81-98	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	0-4
30648910-9	2019	Moreover, ERK1/2 inhibition suppressed hyperuricemic injury-induced oxidative stress as indicated by decreased malondialdehyde and increased superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	141-151	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	10-16
30760703-6	2019	PDIA1 supported Nox1-dependent superoxide production in CRC; however, we first reported a dual effect correlated with Ras-level activity: in Caco2 and HKE3 cells, loss-of-function experiments indicate that PDIA1 sustains Nox1-dependent superoxide production, while in HCT116 cells PDIA1 restricted superoxide production, a behavior associated with increased Rac1 expression/activity.	Superoxides	31-41	prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit beta	Homo sapiens	0-5
30760703-6	2019	PDIA1 supported Nox1-dependent superoxide production in CRC; however, we first reported a dual effect correlated with Ras-level activity: in Caco2 and HKE3 cells, loss-of-function experiments indicate that PDIA1 sustains Nox1-dependent superoxide production, while in HCT116 cells PDIA1 restricted superoxide production, a behavior associated with increased Rac1 expression/activity.	Superoxides	31-41	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	16-20
30760703-6	2019	PDIA1 supported Nox1-dependent superoxide production in CRC; however, we first reported a dual effect correlated with Ras-level activity: in Caco2 and HKE3 cells, loss-of-function experiments indicate that PDIA1 sustains Nox1-dependent superoxide production, while in HCT116 cells PDIA1 restricted superoxide production, a behavior associated with increased Rac1 expression/activity.	Superoxides	31-41	prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit beta	Homo sapiens	206-211
30760703-6	2019	PDIA1 supported Nox1-dependent superoxide production in CRC; however, we first reported a dual effect correlated with Ras-level activity: in Caco2 and HKE3 cells, loss-of-function experiments indicate that PDIA1 sustains Nox1-dependent superoxide production, while in HCT116 cells PDIA1 restricted superoxide production, a behavior associated with increased Rac1 expression/activity.	Superoxides	31-41	prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit beta	Homo sapiens	206-211
30760703-6	2019	PDIA1 supported Nox1-dependent superoxide production in CRC; however, we first reported a dual effect correlated with Ras-level activity: in Caco2 and HKE3 cells, loss-of-function experiments indicate that PDIA1 sustains Nox1-dependent superoxide production, while in HCT116 cells PDIA1 restricted superoxide production, a behavior associated with increased Rac1 expression/activity.	Superoxides	236-246	prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit beta	Homo sapiens	206-211
30760703-6	2019	PDIA1 supported Nox1-dependent superoxide production in CRC; however, we first reported a dual effect correlated with Ras-level activity: in Caco2 and HKE3 cells, loss-of-function experiments indicate that PDIA1 sustains Nox1-dependent superoxide production, while in HCT116 cells PDIA1 restricted superoxide production, a behavior associated with increased Rac1 expression/activity.	Superoxides	236-246	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	221-225
30760703-6	2019	PDIA1 supported Nox1-dependent superoxide production in CRC; however, we first reported a dual effect correlated with Ras-level activity: in Caco2 and HKE3 cells, loss-of-function experiments indicate that PDIA1 sustains Nox1-dependent superoxide production, while in HCT116 cells PDIA1 restricted superoxide production, a behavior associated with increased Rac1 expression/activity.	Superoxides	236-246	prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit beta	Homo sapiens	206-211
30760703-6	2019	PDIA1 supported Nox1-dependent superoxide production in CRC; however, we first reported a dual effect correlated with Ras-level activity: in Caco2 and HKE3 cells, loss-of-function experiments indicate that PDIA1 sustains Nox1-dependent superoxide production, while in HCT116 cells PDIA1 restricted superoxide production, a behavior associated with increased Rac1 expression/activity.	Superoxides	236-246	prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit beta	Homo sapiens	206-211
30760703-6	2019	PDIA1 supported Nox1-dependent superoxide production in CRC; however, we first reported a dual effect correlated with Ras-level activity: in Caco2 and HKE3 cells, loss-of-function experiments indicate that PDIA1 sustains Nox1-dependent superoxide production, while in HCT116 cells PDIA1 restricted superoxide production, a behavior associated with increased Rac1 expression/activity.	Superoxides	236-246	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	221-225
30760703-6	2019	PDIA1 supported Nox1-dependent superoxide production in CRC; however, we first reported a dual effect correlated with Ras-level activity: in Caco2 and HKE3 cells, loss-of-function experiments indicate that PDIA1 sustains Nox1-dependent superoxide production, while in HCT116 cells PDIA1 restricted superoxide production, a behavior associated with increased Rac1 expression/activity.	Superoxides	236-246	prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit beta	Homo sapiens	206-211
30760703-7	2019	Transfection of Rac1G12V active mutant into HKE3 cells induced PDIA1 to become restrictive of Nox1-dependent superoxide, while in HCT116 cells treated with Rac1 inhibitor, PDIA1 became supportive of superoxide.	Superoxides	109-119	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	94-98
30760703-7	2019	Transfection of Rac1G12V active mutant into HKE3 cells induced PDIA1 to become restrictive of Nox1-dependent superoxide, while in HCT116 cells treated with Rac1 inhibitor, PDIA1 became supportive of superoxide.	Superoxides	199-209	prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit beta	Homo sapiens	172-177
30638380-7	2019	Notably, with the assistance of a two-photon fluorescence imaging probe of the superoxide anion radical (O2 -), in vivo visualization for the first time revealed the positive correlation between AChE and O2 - levels associated with depressive behaviors.	Superoxides	79-103	acetylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	195-199
29334762-7	2019	Whereas PE serum, ox-LDL, progesterone, or soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1) elevated superoxide levels via elevating NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) and NOX4 levels and reducing superoxide dismutase (SOD) 1 levels, thereby downregulating KCas.	Superoxides	96-106	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	155-159
30623799-6	2019	NRP1 loss reduces ABCB8 levels, resulting in iron accumulation, iron-induced mitochondrial superoxide production, and iron-dependent EC senescence.	Superoxides	91-101	neuropilin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
30502394-0	2019	gamma-Mangostin alleviates liver fibrosis through Sirtuin 3-superoxide-high mobility group box 1 signaling axis.	Superoxides	59-70	high mobility group box 1	Homo sapiens	71-96
30318012-7	2019	NADPH oxidase includes five NOX and two dual oxidases (DUOX1 and DUOX2) subfamilies that through the production of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, play key roles in oxidative stress and several signaling pathways involved in early and late effects of ionizing radiation.	Superoxides	115-125	dual oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	55-60
30925854-0	2019	Identification of in vitro effect of 4-octylphenol on the basal and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) stimulated secretion of androgens and superoxide radicals in mouse Leydig cells.	Superoxides	141-160	chorionic gonadotropin subunit beta 5	Homo sapiens	98-101
31172470-6	2019	NOX3 constitutively produces superoxide, which is enhanced by regulatory proteins such as p47phox, NOXO1, and p67phox.	Superoxides	29-39	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	110-117
30192630-8	2018	Similarly, superoxide/CS levels were lower in young (0.07 +- 0.01) than old (0.19 +- 0.41) subjects and correlated with age ( r = 0.44, P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	11-21	citrate synthase	Homo sapiens	22-24
30273834-5	2018	These nanocarriers targeted to caveolar Plasmalemmal Vesicle-Associated Protein (Plvap) deliver superoxide dismutase (SOD) into endosomes in endothelial cells, the specific site of influx of superoxide mediating by such pro-inflammatory signaling as some cytokines and lipopolysaccharide (LPS).	Superoxides	96-106	plasmalemma vesicle associated protein	Homo sapiens	40-79
30273834-5	2018	These nanocarriers targeted to caveolar Plasmalemmal Vesicle-Associated Protein (Plvap) deliver superoxide dismutase (SOD) into endosomes in endothelial cells, the specific site of influx of superoxide mediating by such pro-inflammatory signaling as some cytokines and lipopolysaccharide (LPS).	Superoxides	96-106	plasmalemma vesicle associated protein	Homo sapiens	81-86
30193891-7	2018	MnSOD then converts superoxide into hydrogen peroxide, which activates ERK1/2 to promote tumor cell migration and activates FAK to promote tumor cell adhesion.	Superoxides	20-30	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
30193891-7	2018	MnSOD then converts superoxide into hydrogen peroxide, which activates ERK1/2 to promote tumor cell migration and activates FAK to promote tumor cell adhesion.	Superoxides	20-30	protein tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	124-127
30662615-8	2018	Accordingly, dysfunctional oxidative phosphorylation and elevated superoxide levels were also detected in RRM2B-silenced MCF7 and KB cell lines, which was consistent with the findings by gene set enrichment analysis of 159 breast cancer cases that genes involving respiratory electron transport were enriched in high-RRM2B breast cancer, and genes involving biologic oxidation were enriched in low-RRM2B breast cancers.	Superoxides	66-76	ribonucleotide reductase regulatory TP53 inducible subunit M2B	Homo sapiens	106-111
30110572-0	2018	Superoxide via Sp3 mechanism increases renal renin activity, renal AT1 receptor function, and blood pressure in rats.	Superoxides	0-10	renin	Rattus norvegicus	45-50
30464607-15	2018	Both PRL-3 and RAP1 could regulate the expression of manganese superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and the uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), which may be related to PRL-3 suppression induced mitochondria superoxide anion.	Superoxides	193-209	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	87-91
30464607-15	2018	Both PRL-3 and RAP1 could regulate the expression of manganese superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and the uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), which may be related to PRL-3 suppression induced mitochondria superoxide anion.	Superoxides	193-209	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	101-121
30464607-15	2018	Both PRL-3 and RAP1 could regulate the expression of manganese superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and the uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), which may be related to PRL-3 suppression induced mitochondria superoxide anion.	Superoxides	193-209	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	123-127
30272487-0	2018	Use of quantum-chemical descriptors to analyse reaction rate constants between organic chemicals and superoxide/hydroperoxyl (O2 -/HO2 ).	Superoxides	101-111	heme oxygenase 2	Homo sapiens	131-134
30298646-5	2018	The inhibition of Wnt signaling in injured mesangial cells is likely attributed to the high glucose-induced Ras/Rac1 dependent superoxide formation.	Superoxides	127-137	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	112-116
29604396-5	2018	Moreover AOX AS also exhibited an increase in superoxide and therefore peroxynitrite, tyrosine nitration suggesting that scavenging of NO by AOX can prevent toxic peroxynitrite formation under normoxia.	Superoxides	46-56	alternative oxidase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	9-12
29604396-5	2018	Moreover AOX AS also exhibited an increase in superoxide and therefore peroxynitrite, tyrosine nitration suggesting that scavenging of NO by AOX can prevent toxic peroxynitrite formation under normoxia.	Superoxides	46-56	alternative oxidase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	141-144
31565647-6	2018	Moreover, RQ-PCR analysis revealed that the enhanced cytotoxic effect of As2O3 in the presence of melatonin is mediated, at least partly, through suppressing the expression of NF-kappaB anti-apoptotic target genes such as MCL-1, BCL-2, survivin, XIAP, and c-IAP1 in breast cancer cells.	Superoxides	73-78	baculoviral IAP repeat containing 2	Homo sapiens	256-262
29643318-1	2018	BACKGROUND: Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of uric acid from hypoxanthine and xanthine, leading to an increase in superoxide and reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	155-165	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	12-35
29643318-1	2018	BACKGROUND: Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of uric acid from hypoxanthine and xanthine, leading to an increase in superoxide and reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	155-165	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	37-40
29601810-11	2018	RIR-2 specifically modulates fMLP-mediated neutrophil superoxide anion production and cathepsin G release by inhibiting the interaction between Gbeta-protein with downstream signaling which subsequently interferes with the activation of intracellular calcium, PLCgamma2, AKT, p38, PKC, ERK, p47ph x and p40phox.	Superoxides	54-70	succinate-CoA ligase GDP-forming subunit beta	Homo sapiens	144-149
29466765-0	2018	Genetic or pharmacological superoxide-hydrogen peroxide imbalances modulate the in vitro effects of lithium on glycogen synthase kinase-3beta.	Superoxides	27-37	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	111-141
29466765-3	2018	Previous investigations described association between a genetic superoxide-hydrogen (S-HP) imbalance caused by a superoxide dismutase manganese dependent gene polymorphism (Val16Ala-SOD2 SNP, rs4880) and differential anti-inflammatory response of some drugs and bioactive molecules.	Superoxides	64-74	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	182-186
29282552-1	2018	Superoxide dismutases (SOD) are vital enzymes for disproportionation of superoxide molecules in mammals.	Superoxides	72-82	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	23-26
29305896-4	2018	When superoxide production was increased by treatment with paraquat, RNR activity was further decreased, with yeast lacking SOD1 being the most sensitive.	Superoxides	5-15	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	124-128
29305896-8	2018	Our results demonstrate that protection of RNR from inactivation by superoxide is an important function of SOD, particularly cytoplasmic SOD1.	Superoxides	68-78	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	107-110
29305896-8	2018	Our results demonstrate that protection of RNR from inactivation by superoxide is an important function of SOD, particularly cytoplasmic SOD1.	Superoxides	68-78	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	137-141
29581864-8	2018	Resistance of Gal-3low/negative cells was associated with increased production of superoxide and activation of the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress response, as evaluated by accumulation of GRP78.	Superoxides	82-92	galectin 3	Homo sapiens	14-19
29036393-6	2018	The ex-vivo effect of AT-1 receptor blockade (ARB) on endothelial superoxide production was also measured before and after CPAP treatment.	Superoxides	66-76	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	22-26
28731223-6	2018	Neferine pre-treatment activated IGF-1R signaling, improved cellular antioxidant pool, increased the expression of down-stream targets of IGF-1R, such as PI3K/Akt/mTOR, inhibited mitochondrial superoxide generation and autophagy significantly with the induction of Nrf2 translocation and expressions of HO1 and SOD1.	Superoxides	193-203	insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor	Rattus norvegicus	138-144
29156213-1	2018	Sustained generation of extracellular superoxide anions by membrane-associated NADPH oxidase-1 is a hallmark of malignant transformation.	Superoxides	38-55	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	79-94
29851012-6	2018	Superoxide dismutase (MnSOD, SOD2) from the mitochondrial matrix, as well as superoxide dismutase (Cu/ZnSOD, SOD1) present in small amounts in the mitochondrial intramembrane space, converts superoxide anion to hydrogen peroxide, which can be then converted by catalase to harmless H2O.In the chapter we describe a relation between mitochondrial membrane potential and the rate of ROS formation.	Superoxides	191-207	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	22-27
29851012-6	2018	Superoxide dismutase (MnSOD, SOD2) from the mitochondrial matrix, as well as superoxide dismutase (Cu/ZnSOD, SOD1) present in small amounts in the mitochondrial intramembrane space, converts superoxide anion to hydrogen peroxide, which can be then converted by catalase to harmless H2O.In the chapter we describe a relation between mitochondrial membrane potential and the rate of ROS formation.	Superoxides	191-207	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	29-33
27975175-7	2018	NOX2-/- mice are more resistant to synergistic neurotoxicity than NOX2+/+mice in vivo and in vitro, and NOX2 inhibitor protects against synergistic neurotoxicity through decreasing microglial superoxide production, illustrating a critical role of microglial NOX2.	Superoxides	192-202	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	0-4
28942246-0	2017	Inhibition of hepatocyte nuclear factor 1b induces hepatic steatosis through DPP4/NOX1-mediated regulation of superoxide.	Superoxides	110-120	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	82-86
28974565-6	2017	Importantly, daily administration of 100 mug/kg pyr1-apelin-13 resulted in upregulated angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 levels, decreased superoxide production and expression of hypertrophy- and fibrosis-related genes leading to attenuated myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis, and dysfunction in the Ang II-infused apolipoprotein E knockout mice.	Superoxides	137-147	apelin	Mus musculus	53-59
28974565-9	2017	The increased superoxide generation and apoptosis in cultured cardiofibroblasts in response to Ang II were strikingly prevented by pyr1-apelin-13 which was partially reversed by cotreatment with the Akt inhibitor MK2206.	Superoxides	14-24	apelin	Mus musculus	136-142
29099803-4	2017	SOD2 has both tumor suppressive and promoting functions, which are primarily related to its role as a mitochondrial superoxide scavenger and H2O2 regulator.	Superoxides	116-126	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
28261787-5	2017	KEY RESULTS: DOX-induced cardiac dysfunction, cardiomyocyte remodelling, superoxide production and apoptosis in WT mice were attenuated in Nox2-/- mice.	Superoxides	73-83	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	139-143
28893245-3	2017	Despite many experimental studies, the role of AT1R-NAD(P)H oxidase-superoxide pathway in NO-deficiency is not yet sufficiently clarified.	Superoxides	68-78	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Rattus norvegicus	47-51
28869535-10	2017	Scavenging of mitochondrial superoxide attenuated mitochondrial DNA damage and preserved the mitochondrial respiration, in addition to suppression of the expression of p53 and preservation of the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1alpha) in ischemic skeletal muscles with aging.	Superoxides	28-38	peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1 alpha	Mus musculus	210-277
28869535-10	2017	Scavenging of mitochondrial superoxide attenuated mitochondrial DNA damage and preserved the mitochondrial respiration, in addition to suppression of the expression of p53 and preservation of the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1alpha) in ischemic skeletal muscles with aging.	Superoxides	28-38	peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1 alpha	Mus musculus	279-289
28690194-2	2017	A hallmark of cardiovascular disease is attenuated NO production, which in part is caused by NO Synthase (NOS) uncoupling, which in turn increases oxidative stress because of superoxide generation.	Superoxides	175-185	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	93-104
28760822-5	2017	The downstream sensitivity to Galphaq inhibition in desensitized cells displaying increased production/release of O2- through the PAFR receptor crosstalk mechanism also comprised the reactivation of the FPRs, and the activation signals were redirected from the PAFR to the desensitized/reactivated FPRs.	Superoxides	114-116	platelet activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens	130-134
28760822-5	2017	The downstream sensitivity to Galphaq inhibition in desensitized cells displaying increased production/release of O2- through the PAFR receptor crosstalk mechanism also comprised the reactivation of the FPRs, and the activation signals were redirected from the PAFR to the desensitized/reactivated FPRs.	Superoxides	114-116	platelet activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens	261-265
28797123-1	2017	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), which catalyzes purine catabolism, has two interconvertible forms, xanthine dehydrogenase and xanthine oxidase, the latter of which produces superoxide during uric acid (UA) synthesis.	Superoxides	196-206	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	24-47
28797123-1	2017	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), which catalyzes purine catabolism, has two interconvertible forms, xanthine dehydrogenase and xanthine oxidase, the latter of which produces superoxide during uric acid (UA) synthesis.	Superoxides	196-206	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	49-52
28797123-1	2017	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), which catalyzes purine catabolism, has two interconvertible forms, xanthine dehydrogenase and xanthine oxidase, the latter of which produces superoxide during uric acid (UA) synthesis.	Superoxides	196-206	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	122-144
28624774-2	2017	The antioxidant enzyme cytosolic copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (cSOD) catalyzes the dismutation of the superoxide radical, a molecule that can induce oxidative stress if its concentration exceeds cellular control.	Superoxides	106-124	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	33-65
28624774-2	2017	The antioxidant enzyme cytosolic copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (cSOD) catalyzes the dismutation of the superoxide radical, a molecule that can induce oxidative stress if its concentration exceeds cellular control.	Superoxides	106-124	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	67-71
28231483-5	2017	Mechanistically, MnP reduces superoxide to hydrogen peroxide, which activates intracellular Nrf2 signaling leading to the induction of antioxidant enzymes, including MnSOD and catalase, and mitochondrial uncoupling protein 3.	Superoxides	29-39	modifier of Niemann Pick type C1	Mus musculus	17-20
28587495-1	2017	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a mitochondrial-resident enzyme that reduces superoxide to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which can be further reduced to water by glutathione peroxidase (GPX1).	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
28229168-7	2017	High frequency of CD14+CD16++ "nonclassical" monocytes was associated with increased vascular superoxide production.	Superoxides	94-104	CD14 molecule	Homo sapiens	18-22
28235791-3	2017	NADPH with NADPH oxidase (Nox)2 as the catalytic subunit is a major source of superoxide production, and expression is significantly increased in the infarcted myocardium, especially by infiltrating macrophages.	Superoxides	78-88	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	26-31
28232171-11	2017	Dopamine decreased the microglial AT1/AT2 ratio leading to inhibition of the pro-inflammatory AT1/NADPH-oxidase/superoxide axis.	Superoxides	112-122	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	34-37
28232171-11	2017	Dopamine decreased the microglial AT1/AT2 ratio leading to inhibition of the pro-inflammatory AT1/NADPH-oxidase/superoxide axis.	Superoxides	112-122	angiotensin II receptor type 2	Homo sapiens	38-41
28232171-11	2017	Dopamine decreased the microglial AT1/AT2 ratio leading to inhibition of the pro-inflammatory AT1/NADPH-oxidase/superoxide axis.	Superoxides	112-122	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	94-97
28238401-10	2017	Expression of p47phox, a regulatory subunit of the superoxide producing Nox2, was downregulated, and the expression of NOS which produces nitric oxide (NO) was possibly inhibited by feedback loop mechanisms in HEMA-exposed cultures.	Superoxides	51-61	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	72-76
28467198-6	2017	Vascular superoxide generation via nicotine adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase ( p &lt; 0.05) was elevated in aorta from diabetic mice which was associated with increased expression of NOX2 ( p &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	9-19	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	197-201
28124145-4	2017	METHODS: The effect of regulation of mitochondrial superoxide on DNA methylation of MMP-9 promoter region was investigated in retinal endothelial cells incubated in the presence or absence of a MnSOD mimetic MnTBAP, by quantifying the levels of 5 methyl cytosine (5mC) and hydroxyl-methyl cytosine (5hmC).	Superoxides	51-61	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Mus musculus	84-89
28216161-0	2017	Reduced expression of citrate synthase leads to excessive superoxide formation and cell apoptosis.	Superoxides	58-68	citrate synthase	Mus musculus	22-38
28109047-6	2017	In previous work, we designed a peptide based on a PDI redox motif (CGHC) that inhibited both PDI reductase activity and PDI-modulated superoxide generation by neutrophil Nox2.	Superoxides	135-145	prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit beta	Homo sapiens	51-54
27701898-7	2017	Therefore, the present study unveils the differential mechanisms by which ET-1, acting on ETA or ETB receptors, regulates superoxide anion-induced inflammation and pain.	Superoxides	122-138	endothelin receptor type A	Mus musculus	90-93
28240310-4	2017	Real time PCR, western blot and knock down assays demonstrate that IL-27 is able to enhance the potential of superoxide production not only during differentiation but also in terminally differentiated-macrophages and immature dendritic cells (iDC) in association with the induction of p47phox, a cytosolic component of the ROS producing enzyme, NADPH oxidase, and the increase in amounts of phosphorylated p47phox upon stimulation.	Superoxides	109-119	interleukin 27	Homo sapiens	67-72
28038454-4	2017	Furthermore, by over-expression of MnSOD and GPx in cells, we show that ROS, and especially superoxide, is the primary oxidative species induced by intense heat stress and responsible for cell death.	Superoxides	92-102	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	35-40
28165386-8	2017	Thus, LC-MS/MS analysis revealed multiple oxidative modifications of MNSOD at different amino acid residues that might mediate the regulation of the superoxide radicals, mitochondrial ROS scavenging and MNSOD activity in kidney cancer.	Superoxides	149-159	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	69-74
27911102-3	2017	We studied the role of CD14 in LPS-induced priming of neutrophils for enhanced release of the superoxide anion.	Superoxides	94-110	CD14 molecule	Homo sapiens	23-27
28100855-9	2016	Manganese, copper and zinc are a part of the group of superoxide dismutase enzymes (MnSOD, Cu/ZnSOD), which catalyse the superoxide anion dismutation into hydrogen peroxide and oxygen.	Superoxides	121-137	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	84-89
27838438-0	2016	LRRC8A channels support TNFalpha-induced superoxide production by Nox1 which is required for receptor endocytosis.	Superoxides	41-51	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	66-70
27838438-2	2016	In vascular smooth muscle cells, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) activates VRAC via type 1 TNFalpha receptors (TNFR1), and this requires superoxide (O2 -) production by NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1).	Superoxides	144-154	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	176-191
27838438-2	2016	In vascular smooth muscle cells, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) activates VRAC via type 1 TNFalpha receptors (TNFR1), and this requires superoxide (O2 -) production by NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1).	Superoxides	144-154	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	193-197
27838438-2	2016	In vascular smooth muscle cells, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) activates VRAC via type 1 TNFalpha receptors (TNFR1), and this requires superoxide (O2 -) production by NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1).	Superoxides	156-158	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	176-191
27838438-2	2016	In vascular smooth muscle cells, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) activates VRAC via type 1 TNFalpha receptors (TNFR1), and this requires superoxide (O2 -) production by NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1).	Superoxides	156-158	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	193-197
27838438-7	2016	Signaling steps disrupted by both siLRRC8A and DCPIB included; extracellular O2 - production by Nox1, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation and endocytosis of TNFR1.	Superoxides	77-79	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	96-100
27838438-10	2016	Reducing JNK expression (siJNK) increased extracellular O2 - suggesting that JNK provides important negative feedback regulation to Nox1 at the plasma membrane.	Superoxides	56-58	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	132-136
27841763-7	2016	This effect was mediated by an increase in blood-brain barrier permeability that allowed angiotensin II to enter the perivascular space and activate angiotensin type 1 receptors in PVMs, leading to production of ROS through the superoxide-producing enzyme NOX2.	Superoxides	228-238	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	256-260
27435539-1	2016	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a vital enzyme that protects cells from free radicals through eliminating superoxide radicals (O2-).	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
27435539-1	2016	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a vital enzyme that protects cells from free radicals through eliminating superoxide radicals (O2-).	Superoxides	137-139	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
27435539-1	2016	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a vital enzyme that protects cells from free radicals through eliminating superoxide radicals (O2-).	Superoxides	137-139	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
27897222-3	2016	Gp91phox, a plasma membrane subunit of NADPH oxidase (Nox), is constitutively expressed in BMMs and plays a major role in superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	122-138	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	0-8
27897222-9	2016	Treating wild-type BMMs with antioxidants and superoxide inhibitors resulted in a differentiation defect resembling the phenotype of gp91phox-/- BMMs.	Superoxides	46-56	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	133-144
27897222-10	2016	Therefore, our results demonstrate that gp91phox-derived superoxide is important for promoting efficient osteoclast differentiation by inducing NFATc1 as a downstream signaling mediator of RANK.	Superoxides	57-67	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	40-48
27920727-2	2016	Recent evidence demonstrates that enhanced levels of the L-arginine:ureahydrolase, including the two isoenzymes arginase-I (Arg-I) and arginase-II (Arg-II) in vascular endothelial cells promote uncoupling of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), leading to increased superoxide radical anion and decreased NO production thereby endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	271-295	arginase, liver	Mus musculus	112-122
27920727-2	2016	Recent evidence demonstrates that enhanced levels of the L-arginine:ureahydrolase, including the two isoenzymes arginase-I (Arg-I) and arginase-II (Arg-II) in vascular endothelial cells promote uncoupling of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), leading to increased superoxide radical anion and decreased NO production thereby endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	271-295	arginase, liver	Mus musculus	124-129
28203527-13	2016	Taken together, our results suggest that superoxide, but not H2O2, via Sp3 up-regulates AT1R expression and function in the renal cells.	Superoxides	41-51	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	88-92
28175303-3	2016	FRDA neurons showed lower levels of iron-sulfur (Fe-S) and lipoic acid-containing proteins, higher labile iron pool (LIP), higher expression of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD2), increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lower reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, and enhanced sensitivity to oxidants compared with CT neurons, indicating deficient Fe-S cluster biogenesis, altered iron metabolism, and oxidative stress.	Superoxides	158-168	frataxin	Homo sapiens	0-4
27632208-3	2016	A small hydrolase enzyme of guanosine triphosphate (GTPase) rac1 plays a role in the F-actin dynamics related to the synaptic plasticity, as well as superoxide production via reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activation.	Superoxides	149-159	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	60-64
27497729-3	2016	These new homologues (Nox1-Nox5) produce low levels of superoxides compared to the phagocytic homologue Nox2/gp91phox.	Superoxides	55-66	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	22-26
27317946-5	2016	Myocardial expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a major pro-inflammatory cytokine that causes cardiac dysfunction, was upregulated in mice with endotoxemia, which was accompanied by increases in NOX2 expression, superoxide generation and ERK1/2 phosphorylation.	Superoxides	230-240	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	213-217
27400860-8	2016	Conversely, gene knockdown of MnSOD results in the reversal of EMT to a mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET)-like program, which appears to be a function of superoxide (O2(- ))-directed signaling.	Superoxides	160-170	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	30-35
27400860-8	2016	Conversely, gene knockdown of MnSOD results in the reversal of EMT to a mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET)-like program, which appears to be a function of superoxide (O2(- ))-directed signaling.	Superoxides	172-174	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	30-35
27400860-9	2016	INNOVATION AND CONCLUSION: These data underscore the involvement of MnSOD in regulating the switch between the EMT and MET-associated phenotype by influencing cellular redox environment via its effect on the intracellular ratio between O2(- ) and H2O2.	Superoxides	236-238	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	68-73
27329107-7	2016	RESULTS: We report alpha-Syn (29-40) as a specific peptide capable of activating microglial Nox2 to produce superoxide and cause dopaminergic neuronal damage.	Superoxides	108-118	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	92-96
27329107-9	2016	Exploring the underlying mechanisms showed that alpha-Syn (29-40) peptide triggered Nox2 to generate extracellular superoxide and its metabolite H2O2 by binding to the catalytic unit gp91 (phox) of Nox2; diffusing into cytosol, H2O2 activated Erk1/2 kinase to phosphorylate p47 (phox) and p67 (phox) and further activated Nox2, establishing a positive feedback loop to amplify the Nox2-mediated response.	Superoxides	115-125	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	84-88
27329107-9	2016	Exploring the underlying mechanisms showed that alpha-Syn (29-40) peptide triggered Nox2 to generate extracellular superoxide and its metabolite H2O2 by binding to the catalytic unit gp91 (phox) of Nox2; diffusing into cytosol, H2O2 activated Erk1/2 kinase to phosphorylate p47 (phox) and p67 (phox) and further activated Nox2, establishing a positive feedback loop to amplify the Nox2-mediated response.	Superoxides	115-125	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	198-202
27329107-9	2016	Exploring the underlying mechanisms showed that alpha-Syn (29-40) peptide triggered Nox2 to generate extracellular superoxide and its metabolite H2O2 by binding to the catalytic unit gp91 (phox) of Nox2; diffusing into cytosol, H2O2 activated Erk1/2 kinase to phosphorylate p47 (phox) and p67 (phox) and further activated Nox2, establishing a positive feedback loop to amplify the Nox2-mediated response.	Superoxides	115-125	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	243-249
27329107-9	2016	Exploring the underlying mechanisms showed that alpha-Syn (29-40) peptide triggered Nox2 to generate extracellular superoxide and its metabolite H2O2 by binding to the catalytic unit gp91 (phox) of Nox2; diffusing into cytosol, H2O2 activated Erk1/2 kinase to phosphorylate p47 (phox) and p67 (phox) and further activated Nox2, establishing a positive feedback loop to amplify the Nox2-mediated response.	Superoxides	115-125	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	198-202
27329107-9	2016	Exploring the underlying mechanisms showed that alpha-Syn (29-40) peptide triggered Nox2 to generate extracellular superoxide and its metabolite H2O2 by binding to the catalytic unit gp91 (phox) of Nox2; diffusing into cytosol, H2O2 activated Erk1/2 kinase to phosphorylate p47 (phox) and p67 (phox) and further activated Nox2, establishing a positive feedback loop to amplify the Nox2-mediated response.	Superoxides	115-125	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	198-202
26578199-2	2016	Increased formation of superoxide anions by NADPH oxidase Nox1, 2, and 5 reduces nitric oxide availability and can promote endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	23-40	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	58-62
27037373-0	2016	Potential role of mitochondrial superoxide decreasing ferrochelatase and heme in coronary artery soluble guanylate cyclase depletion by angiotensin II.	Superoxides	32-42	HEME	Bos taurus	73-77
27037373-2	2016	We hypothesized that angiotensin II (ANG II) stimulation of mitochondrial superoxide by its type 1 receptor could function as a potential inhibitor of heme biosynthesis by ferrochelatase, and this could decrease vascular responsiveness to NO by depleting sGC.	Superoxides	74-84	HEME	Bos taurus	151-155
27037373-7	2016	The depletion of cytochrome oxidase subunit 4 and sGC (but not catalase) suggests that sGC expression may be very sensitive to depletion of heme caused by ANG II disrupting ferrochelatase activity by increasing mitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	225-235	HEME	Bos taurus	140-144
26898144-8	2016	Interestingly, treatment with Mito-TEMPO, a mitochondrial-specific superoxide scavenger, recovered mitochondrial fission-fusion imbalance and blunted mitochondrial superoxide production, and reduced the IDH2 knockdown-induced decrease in MnSOD expression, eNOS phosphorylation and NO production in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	67-77	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	238-243
27233035-8	2016	Superoxide accumulation and protein and lipid oxidation were increased in Tg-CA-RAC1 retinas and were reduced in mice treated with apocynin.	Superoxides	0-10	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	80-84
26630486-7	2015	Increasing VDE expression in eto1-1 and ctr1-3 restored light-activated de-epoxidation and qE, reduced superoxide production and reduced photoinhibition.	Superoxides	103-113	Protein kinase superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	40-46
26449263-9	2015	Nox4 knockdown resulted in inhibition of mitochondrial superoxide production and decreased basal and TGF-beta-stimulated collagen and alpha-SMA expression.	Superoxides	55-65	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	0-4
26449263-15	2015	beta-arrestin expression was upregulated in HF and plays an important and newly identified role in regulating mitochondrial superoxide production via Nox4.	Superoxides	124-134	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	150-154
26391462-5	2015	Superoxide scavenging and inhibition of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) abrogated upregulation of HO-1 expression by elevated glucose.	Superoxides	0-10	heme oxygenase 1	Bos taurus	107-111
26409225-7	2015	Our data showed that Ulk1 on entering into mitochondria inhibits the manganese dismutase activity and intensifies the mitochondrial superoxide level.	Superoxides	132-142	unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1	Homo sapiens	21-25
26542482-9	2015	UCP2 requires activation by superoxide and lipid peroxidation derivatives.	Superoxides	28-38	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
25628311-11	2015	Analysis of protein and mRNA expression determined that the angiotensin II receptor At1R was implicated in modulation of the NADPH-dependent pathway of superoxide generation.	Superoxides	152-162	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Rattus norvegicus	84-88
26621324-3	2015	Here we identify a globin (GLB-12) that produces superoxide, a type of ROS, which serves as an essential signal for reproduction in C. elegans.	Superoxides	49-59	GLOBIN domain-containing protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	27-33
26621324-5	2015	We further describe how GLB-12 displays specific molecular, biochemical and structural properties that allow this globin to act as a superoxide generator.	Superoxides	133-143	GLOBIN domain-containing protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	24-30
26436856-5	2015	Untreated and O2.- treated FeSOD and MnSOD predominantly show 5 d-electron systems, i.e. Fe(3+) and Mn(2+).	Superoxides	14-16	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	37-42
26414010-7	2015	Nox4 activity correlated with an increase in superoxide formation.	Superoxides	45-55	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	0-4
26359457-5	2015	Sod2 is an antioxidant enzyme that converts highly reactive superoxide (O2 ( -)) to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and oxygen (O2), and our data demonstrate that Sod2 is protumorigenic and prometastatic in OCCC.	Superoxides	60-70	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
26359457-5	2015	Sod2 is an antioxidant enzyme that converts highly reactive superoxide (O2 ( -)) to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and oxygen (O2), and our data demonstrate that Sod2 is protumorigenic and prometastatic in OCCC.	Superoxides	60-70	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	156-160
26001727-2	2015	Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) activation by TNFalpha requires endosomal superoxide production by Nox1.	Superoxides	77-87	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	102-106
25704923-6	2015	We have demonstrated that CsA administration increases superoxide concentration in the aorta, decreases the NO concentration, reduces GFR and the Jv in PT, and induces a significant increase in BP.	Superoxides	55-65	ERCC excision repair 8, CSA ubiquitin ligase complex subunit	Homo sapiens	26-29
25284589-6	2015	Hace1 targets the Rac1 GTPase for degradation at Rac1-dependent NADPH oxidase complexes, blocking superoxide generation by the latter.	Superoxides	98-108	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	18-22
25284589-6	2015	Hace1 targets the Rac1 GTPase for degradation at Rac1-dependent NADPH oxidase complexes, blocking superoxide generation by the latter.	Superoxides	98-108	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	49-53
25933618-1	2015	AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Oxidative stress and microvascular damage have been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy, with manganese superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) responsible for superoxide detoxification in mitochondria.	Superoxides	139-149	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	163-167
25841779-0	2015	Transforming growth factor beta-interacting factor-induced malignant progression of hepatocellular carcinoma cells depends on superoxide production from Nox4.	Superoxides	126-136	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	153-157
25841779-7	2015	Overexpression of TGIF in HepG2 cells increased superoxide production from Nox4, matrix metalloproteinase expression, invadopodia formation, and cellular migration/invasion ability.	Superoxides	48-58	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	75-79
25062711-4	2015	Of note, xanthine oxidoreductase is synthesized as xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) and needs to be converted to XO to become a source of superoxide.	Superoxides	134-144	xanthine dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	9-32
25062711-4	2015	Of note, xanthine oxidoreductase is synthesized as xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) and needs to be converted to XO to become a source of superoxide.	Superoxides	134-144	xanthine dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	51-73
25062711-4	2015	Of note, xanthine oxidoreductase is synthesized as xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) and needs to be converted to XO to become a source of superoxide.	Superoxides	134-144	xanthine dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	75-78
25062711-15	2015	In addition, XDH mRNA increased after H/R, indicating a de novo XDH synthesis, which needs to be converted to XO to become a source of superoxide.	Superoxides	135-145	xanthine dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	13-16
25062711-15	2015	In addition, XDH mRNA increased after H/R, indicating a de novo XDH synthesis, which needs to be converted to XO to become a source of superoxide.	Superoxides	135-145	xanthine dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	64-67
25792744-3	2015	Here we demonstrate that oxidative stress induced by doxorubicin causes rapid cytoplasmic accumulation of the Rpl13a snoRNAs through a mechanism that requires superoxide and a nuclear splice variant of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	159-169	ribosomal protein L13a	Homo sapiens	110-116
25669908-0	2015	Tat-NR2B9c prevents excitotoxic neuronal superoxide production.	Superoxides	41-51	glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2B	Homo sapiens	4-8
25682169-7	2015	Neonatal hyperglycemic rats presented increased activities of G6PD, 6PGD, and Nox, which altogether may be responsible for the enhanced production of superoxide radical anion that was observed.	Superoxides	150-174	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	62-66
25732085-2	2015	nNOS was reported to decrease superoxide production in the myocardium by inhibiting the function of xanthine oxidoreductase.	Superoxides	30-40	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
25732085-2	2015	nNOS was reported to decrease superoxide production in the myocardium by inhibiting the function of xanthine oxidoreductase.	Superoxides	30-40	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	100-123
6300272-1	1980	Phagocytosis and membrane perturbation in mouse macrophages results in an increased superoxide ion production which is in direct proportion to the concomitant increase in adenosine deaminase activity.	Superoxides	84-94	adenosine deaminase	Mus musculus	171-190
6300272-2	1980	Since adenosine deaminase activity controls the amount of substrate available to xanthine oxidase, and the latter produces superoxide during turnover of its substrates, it is proposed that the purine salvage pathway is an important source of the superoxide requirement of macrophages.	Superoxides	246-256	adenosine deaminase	Mus musculus	6-25
25714890-0	2015	The superoxide anion donor, potassium superoxide, induces pain and inflammation in mice through production of reactive oxygen species and cyclooxygenase-2.	Superoxides	4-20	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	138-154
30812210-1	1979	Superoxide dismutase activity was shown to be present in bovine milk serum and was quantified by measuring the capacity of retentate from dialyzed milk serum to inhibit reduction of cytochrome c by xanthine-xanthine oxidase-generated superoxide anion.	Superoxides	234-250	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	182-194
224122-0	1979	Chemotactic factor-induced superoxide radical generation by human neutrophils: requirement for proteinase (esterase) activity.	Superoxides	27-45	endogenous retrovirus group K member 18	Homo sapiens	95-105
224122-1	1979	The requirement for proteinase (esterase) activity in the generation of O2- by human peripheral neutrophils was investigated.	Superoxides	72-74	endogenous retrovirus group K member 18	Homo sapiens	20-30
224122-8	1979	These studies suggest that intact proteinase function is required for O2- generation and that this step follows the calcium influx in the activation sequence induced by FMLP.	Superoxides	70-72	endogenous retrovirus group K member 18	Homo sapiens	34-44
290996-6	1979	Incubation of the cells with arachidonic acid under an atmosphere of 18O2 led to incorporation of 18O into the 5,6-dihydroxy acids and 5,12-dihydroxy acids only at C-5.	Superoxides	69-73	complement C5	Oryctolagus cuniculus	164-167
290996-6	1979	Incubation of the cells with arachidonic acid under an atmosphere of 18O2 led to incorporation of 18O into the 5,6-dihydroxy acids and 5,12-dihydroxy acids only at C-5.	Superoxides	69-72	complement C5	Oryctolagus cuniculus	164-167
164898-0	1975	The role of superoxide radical in the autoxidation of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	12-30	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	54-66
237890-1	1975	The lactate dehydrogenase-catalyzed chain oxidation of NADH (LDH-NADH) by the superoxide radicals, HO2 and O2, has been studied with pulse radiolysis in the pH range between 4.5 and 9.0.	Superoxides	78-88	heme oxygenase 2	Homo sapiens	99-102
4407177-0	1974	Induction of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase by a light-driven superoxide generating system in liver cell culture.	Superoxides	60-70	cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	13-41
33780792-3	2021	Our results showed that SUMO E3 ligase (SIZ1) gene expression was higher in florets treated with PSKalpha, which may prevent endogenous H2O2 accumulation, resulting from the higher activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase.	Superoxides	193-203	glutathione-disulfide reductase	Homo sapiens	251-272
33652112-12	2021	In agreement with the effect of KA over pro-inflammatory cytokines it inhibited oxidative stress (total ROS, superoxide production and superoxide positive cells) and NF-kappaB activation during peritonitis.	Superoxides	109-119	zinc finger protein of the cerebellum 3	Mus musculus	32-34
33652112-12	2021	In agreement with the effect of KA over pro-inflammatory cytokines it inhibited oxidative stress (total ROS, superoxide production and superoxide positive cells) and NF-kappaB activation during peritonitis.	Superoxides	135-145	zinc finger protein of the cerebellum 3	Mus musculus	32-34
33864955-5	2021	As significant superoxide sources the mitochondria and the NADPH oxidase isoform NOX-4 and the NOX-2 regulating cytosolic subunit p67phox have been identified.	Superoxides	15-25	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	81-86
33941325-1	2021	We investigate as yet an unidentified role of NOX1, a non-phagocytic isoform of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase, in immune responses using Nox1-knockout mice (Nox1-KO).	Superoxides	84-94	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	46-50
34015492-9	2021	Furthermore, MCA and MBVSMCs from SMC RNF34-deficient mice showed increased superoxide anion and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation as well as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activity, but exhibited no marked effect on mitochondria-derived ROS.	Superoxides	76-92	ring finger protein 34	Mus musculus	38-43
34027418-4	2021	Apoptosis induced by SIRT5 disruption is preceded by reductions in oxidative phosphorylation and glutamine utilization, and an increase in mitochondrial superoxide that is attenuated by ectopic superoxide dismutase 2.	Superoxides	153-163	sirtuin 5	Homo sapiens	21-26
34027418-4	2021	Apoptosis induced by SIRT5 disruption is preceded by reductions in oxidative phosphorylation and glutamine utilization, and an increase in mitochondrial superoxide that is attenuated by ectopic superoxide dismutase 2.	Superoxides	194-204	sirtuin 5	Homo sapiens	21-26
33388549-4	2021	Here, we identified that Wnt3A promoted superoxide generation, leading to Tyr42 phosphorylation of RhoA through activations of c-Src and Rho-dependent coiled coil kinase 2 (ROCK2) and phosphorylation of p47phox, a component of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	40-50	Wnt family member 3A	Homo sapiens	25-30
33388549-4	2021	Here, we identified that Wnt3A promoted superoxide generation, leading to Tyr42 phosphorylation of RhoA through activations of c-Src and Rho-dependent coiled coil kinase 2 (ROCK2) and phosphorylation of p47phox, a component of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	40-50	Rho associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2	Homo sapiens	137-171
33388549-4	2021	Here, we identified that Wnt3A promoted superoxide generation, leading to Tyr42 phosphorylation of RhoA through activations of c-Src and Rho-dependent coiled coil kinase 2 (ROCK2) and phosphorylation of p47phox, a component of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	40-50	Rho associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2	Homo sapiens	173-178
33383163-8	2021	Results showed that maternal CS exposure led to an increase in ROS production, and brought about decreases in mitochondrial superoxide dismutase and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1, and an increase in NF-E2-related factor 2 in offspring RTN/pFRG.	Superoxides	124-134	citrate synthase	Rattus norvegicus	29-31
32618996-9	2021	Inhibition of APE1/Ref-1 redox signaling leading to reduced mitochondrial superoxide production, oxidative DNA damage, and translocation of high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) was involved in neuroprotective effects of APX3330 in enteric neurons.	Superoxides	74-84	apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1	Mus musculus	19-24
33579817-2	2021	Here, we report that endothelial TrxR2 controls both the steady-state concentration of peroxynitrite, the product of the reaction of superoxide radical and nitric oxide, and the integrity of the vascular system.	Superoxides	133-151	thioredoxin reductase 2	Mus musculus	33-38
33539225-12	2021	Pharmacological or genetic KLF5 inhibition alleviated superoxide formation, prevented ceramide accumulation, and improved cardiac function in diabetic mice.	Superoxides	54-64	Kruppel-like factor 5	Mus musculus	27-31
33483749-1	2021	AIMS: Gp91-containing NADPH oxidases (NOX2) are a significant source of myocardial superoxide production.	Superoxides	83-93	2,4-dienoyl CoA reductase 1, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	22-27
33483749-1	2021	AIMS: Gp91-containing NADPH oxidases (NOX2) are a significant source of myocardial superoxide production.	Superoxides	83-93	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	38-42
33483749-4	2021	METHODS AND RESULTS: NOX2-Tg mice showed a 2-2.5-fold higher atrial protein content of NOX2 compared with wild-type (WT) controls, which was associated with a significant (2-fold) increase in NADPH-stimulated superoxide production (2-hydroxyethidium by HPLC) in left and right atrial tissue homogenates (P = 0.004 and P = 0.019, respectively).	Superoxides	209-219	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	21-25
33483749-4	2021	METHODS AND RESULTS: NOX2-Tg mice showed a 2-2.5-fold higher atrial protein content of NOX2 compared with wild-type (WT) controls, which was associated with a significant (2-fold) increase in NADPH-stimulated superoxide production (2-hydroxyethidium by HPLC) in left and right atrial tissue homogenates (P = 0.004 and P = 0.019, respectively).	Superoxides	209-219	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	87-91
25477283-4	2015	PON3 deficiency resulted in impaired mitochondrial respiration, increased mitochondrial superoxide levels, and increased hepatic expression of inflammatory genes.	Superoxides	88-98	paraoxonase 3	Mus musculus	0-4
25619142-6	2015	Singlet-oxygen-dependent activation of the FAS receptor and caspase-8 increased superoxide anion generation by NOX1 and amplification of singlet oxygen generation, which allowed singlet-oxygen-dependent inactivation of catalase.	Superoxides	80-96	caspase 8	Homo sapiens	60-69
25619142-6	2015	Singlet-oxygen-dependent activation of the FAS receptor and caspase-8 increased superoxide anion generation by NOX1 and amplification of singlet oxygen generation, which allowed singlet-oxygen-dependent inactivation of catalase.	Superoxides	80-96	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	111-115
25445402-6	2015	Reduction of SBP1 in cancer cells and epirubicin-resistant cells on selenite exposure resulted in a dramatic increase in the generation of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion, which in turn caused oxidative stress and triggered apoptosis.	Superoxides	161-177	selenium binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
25858870-5	2015	Of these, manganese-dependent SOD (MnSOD) plays a major role due to its mitochondrial location, i.e., the main site of superoxide (O(2)( -)) production.	Superoxides	119-129	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	10-33
25858870-5	2015	Of these, manganese-dependent SOD (MnSOD) plays a major role due to its mitochondrial location, i.e., the main site of superoxide (O(2)( -)) production.	Superoxides	119-129	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	35-40
25858870-5	2015	Of these, manganese-dependent SOD (MnSOD) plays a major role due to its mitochondrial location, i.e., the main site of superoxide (O(2)( -)) production.	Superoxides	131-135	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	10-33
25858870-5	2015	Of these, manganese-dependent SOD (MnSOD) plays a major role due to its mitochondrial location, i.e., the main site of superoxide (O(2)( -)) production.	Superoxides	131-135	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	35-40
25065408-4	2015	RESULTS: CCN2(IV) increased superoxide anion (O2( -)) production in murine aorta (ex vivo and in vivo) and in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).	Superoxides	28-44	cellular communication network factor 2	Mus musculus	9-13
25065408-4	2015	RESULTS: CCN2(IV) increased superoxide anion (O2( -)) production in murine aorta (ex vivo and in vivo) and in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).	Superoxides	46-48	cellular communication network factor 2	Mus musculus	9-13
25065408-5	2015	In isolated murine aorta, CCN2(IV), via O2( -), increased phenylephrine-induced vascular contraction.	Superoxides	40-42	cellular communication network factor 2	Mus musculus	26-30
26120888-12	2015	These results suggest that melatonin exerts a hepatoprotective effect on mitochondrial-derived O2( -)-stimulated autophagic cell death that is dependent on the SIRT3/SOD2 pathway.	Superoxides	95-101	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	166-170
24769119-4	2014	We tested the significance of UCP1 for glycerol-3-phosphate-supported ROS production by three methods (fluorescent dihydroethidium and the ESR probe PHH for superoxide, and fluorescent Amplex Red for hydrogen peroxide), and followed ROS production also with succinate, acyl-CoA or pyruvate as substrate.	Superoxides	157-167	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	30-34
25091502-6	2014	Selective ETA (BQ123) or ETB receptor (BQ788) antagonists reduced both basal and ET-1-stimulated superoxide generation and reversed ET-1-induced inhibition of NO-mediated relaxations in OZR, while only BQ-123 antagonized ET-1 actions in LZR.	Superoxides	97-107	endothelin receptor type A	Rattus norvegicus	10-13
25243829-0	2014	Measurement and characterization of superoxide generation from xanthine dehydrogenase: a redox-regulated pathway of radical generation in ischemic tissues.	Superoxides	36-46	xanthine dehydrogenase	Gallus gallus	63-85
25243829-4	2014	It is also possible that XDH could generate significant quantities of superoxide,  O2-, for cellular signaling or injury; however, this possibility and its potential ramifications have not been previously considered.	Superoxides	70-80	xanthine dehydrogenase	Gallus gallus	25-28
25243829-4	2014	It is also possible that XDH could generate significant quantities of superoxide,  O2-, for cellular signaling or injury; however, this possibility and its potential ramifications have not been previously considered.	Superoxides	83-85	xanthine dehydrogenase	Gallus gallus	25-28
25243829-5	2014	To unambiguously determine if XDH can be a significant source of  O2-, experiments were performed to measure and characterize  O2- generation using XDH from chicken liver that is locked in the dehydrogenase conformation.	Superoxides	66-68	xanthine dehydrogenase	Gallus gallus	30-33
25243829-5	2014	To unambiguously determine if XDH can be a significant source of  O2-, experiments were performed to measure and characterize  O2- generation using XDH from chicken liver that is locked in the dehydrogenase conformation.	Superoxides	127-129	xanthine dehydrogenase	Gallus gallus	148-151
25243829-6	2014	Electron paramagnetic resonance spin trapping experiments with 5-(diethoxyphosphoryl)-5-methyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide demonstrated that XDH in the presence of xanthine produces significant amounts of  O2-.	Superoxides	198-200	xanthine dehydrogenase	Gallus gallus	133-136
25243829-7	2014	NAD+ and NADH inhibited the generation of  O2- from XDH in a dose-dependent manner, with NAD+ exhibiting stronger inhibition than NADH at low physiological concentrations.	Superoxides	43-45	xanthine dehydrogenase	Gallus gallus	52-55
25243829-8	2014	Decreased amounts of NAD+ and NADH, which occur during and following tissue ischemia, enhanced the generation of  O2- from XDH in the presence of xanthine.	Superoxides	114-116	xanthine dehydrogenase	Gallus gallus	123-126
25243829-10	2014	Thus, XDH can be an important redox-regulated source of  O2- generation in ischemic tissue, and conversion to XO is not required to activate radical formation and subsequent tissue injury.	Superoxides	57-59	xanthine dehydrogenase	Gallus gallus	6-9
25019585-3	2014	LPS treatment resulted in an increase in the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX-4), suggesting the cytosolic overexpression of nitric oxide and superoxide anion, the primary reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS).	Superoxides	187-203	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	119-124
25115801-0	2014	B-Type natriuretic peptide suppression of neutrophil superoxide generation: mechanistic studies in normal subjects.	Superoxides	53-63	natriuretic peptide B	Homo sapiens	0-26
25115801-5	2014	B-Type natriuretic peptide suppressed O2 (-) release from neutrophils by 23 +- 6% (P &lt; 0.001) and 24 +- 8% (P &lt; 0.05) following PMA and fMLP stimulation, respectively.	Superoxides	38-40	natriuretic peptide B	Homo sapiens	0-26
24970317-0	2014	Polyols accumulated in ribose-5-phosphate isomerase deficiency increase mitochondrial superoxide production and improve antioxidant defenses in rats" prefrontal cortex.	Superoxides	86-96	ribose 5-phosphate isomerase A	Rattus norvegicus	23-51
24700878-1	2014	Stanniocalcin-1 is an intracrine protein; it binds to the cell surface, is internalized to the mitochondria, and diminishes superoxide generation through induction of uncoupling proteins.	Superoxides	124-134	stanniocalcin 1	Mus musculus	0-15
24700878-8	2014	Kidney-specific knockdown of stanniocalcin-1 led to severe proximal tubule injury characterized by vacuolization, decreased uncoupling of protein-2 expression, greater generation of superoxide, activation of the unfolded protein response, initiation of autophagy, cell apoptosis, and kidney failure.	Superoxides	182-192	stanniocalcin 1	Mus musculus	29-44
25017967-4	2014	Ischemia/reperfusion induced a significant increase in NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX-4) expression at the tubular level, an upregulation of NOX-2 expression in infiltrating monocytes and myeloid dendritic cells, and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2"-deoxyguanosine synthesis along with a marked upregulation of NADPH-dependent superoxide generation.	Superoxides	305-315	cytochrome b-245 heavy chain	Sus scrofa	131-136
25066192-2	2014	Endothelial cells express four NOX isoforms including the superoxide-generating enzymes NOX1, NOX2, and NOX5 and the hydrogen peroxide-generating enzyme NOX4.	Superoxides	58-68	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	88-92
25071412-5	2014	Manganese Superoxide Dismutase (MnSOD) is a manganesedependant metallo-enzyme which plays a crucial role in protecting cells from anti-oxidative stress by eliminating reactive (superoxide) oxygen species.	Superoxides	177-187	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
25071412-5	2014	Manganese Superoxide Dismutase (MnSOD) is a manganesedependant metallo-enzyme which plays a crucial role in protecting cells from anti-oxidative stress by eliminating reactive (superoxide) oxygen species.	Superoxides	177-187	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
24819633-2	2014	Manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) catalyses the dismutation of superoxide, regulates the metabolism of reactive oxygen species in the mitochondria and is highly expressed in the kidney.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-36
24561578-4	2014	Further, oxLDL induced Nox2/superoxide-dependent TRAF3IP2 expression, IKK/p65 and JNK/c-Jun activation, and LOX-1 upregulation, suggesting a reinforcing mechanism.	Superoxides	28-38	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	74-77
24561578-4	2014	Further, oxLDL induced Nox2/superoxide-dependent TRAF3IP2 expression, IKK/p65 and JNK/c-Jun activation, and LOX-1 upregulation, suggesting a reinforcing mechanism.	Superoxides	28-38	oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1	Homo sapiens	108-113
24561578-7	2014	The activators of the AMPK/Akt pathway, adiponectin, AICAR, and metformin, attenuated superoxide generation, TRAF3IP2 expression, and oxLDL/TRAF3IP2-mediated EC death.	Superoxides	86-96	5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase/IMP cyclohydrolase	Homo sapiens	53-58
23588476-2	2014	The functional Ala-9Val polymorphism of the mitochondrial enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), which detoxifies superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide, has been associated with schizophrenia.	Superoxides	75-85	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	97-102
24152968-9	2014	Thus, GLP-1 has a crucial role in protection against increased renal oxidative stress under chronic hyperglycemia, by inhibition of NAD(P)H oxidase, a major source of superoxide, and by cAMP-PKA pathway activation.	Superoxides	167-177	glucagon	Mus musculus	6-11
24285500-2	2014	MD-derived superoxide (O2-), primarily generated by Nox2, is enhanced by acute ANG II stimulation.	Superoxides	11-21	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	52-56
24285500-2	2014	MD-derived superoxide (O2-), primarily generated by Nox2, is enhanced by acute ANG II stimulation.	Superoxides	23-25	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	52-56
24052408-0	2014	Superoxide activates mTOR-eIF4E-Bax route to induce enhanced apoptosis in leukemic cells.	Superoxides	0-10	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E	Homo sapiens	26-31
24877125-6	2014	We found that endothelial AT1-activated NAD(P)H oxidase-driven generation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in diabetic rat carotid impairs ACE2-angiotensin-(1-7)-Mas axis functionality, which reduces carotid flow.	Superoxides	77-87	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Rattus norvegicus	26-29
24035314-9	2014	Moreover, renal superoxide production and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) staining were more decreased in the SHR + PIN group than SHRs.	Superoxides	16-26	dynein light chain LC8-type 1	Rattus norvegicus	117-120
25612841-0	2014	Nox4 is a major source of superoxide production in human brain pericytes.	Superoxides	26-36	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	0-4
25612841-13	2014	CONCLUSION: Our study showed that Nox4 is a major superoxide-producing enzyme and that its expression is regulated by Ang II and hypoxic stress in human brain pericytes.	Superoxides	50-60	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	34-38
24504963-1	2014	The superoxide (O2 ( -))-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes comprises a membrane-imbedded heterodimeric flavocytochrome, known as cytochrome b 558 (consisting of Nox2 and p22 (phox) ) and four cytosolic regulatory proteins, p47 (phox) , p67 (phox) , p40 (phox) , and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	4-14	interleukin 9	Homo sapiens	262-265
24117266-5	2013	The results showed that FGF-21 treatment prevented the oxidative stress and apoptosis associated with I/R damage by reducing the levels of superoxide anions, inhibiting glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) 3beta by activating Akt phosphorylation, and recovering the levels of ATP synthase pyruvate kinase isozymes M1 and protein kinase C, thereby improving energy supply.	Superoxides	139-156	fibroblast growth factor 21	Rattus norvegicus	24-30
23566586-3	2013	Among the antioxidant enzymes, the manganese-dependent and mitochondria-specific isoform of SOD (MnSOD) represents the first line of defense against superoxide radicals attack.	Superoxides	149-159	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	59-95
23566586-3	2013	Among the antioxidant enzymes, the manganese-dependent and mitochondria-specific isoform of SOD (MnSOD) represents the first line of defense against superoxide radicals attack.	Superoxides	149-159	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	97-102
23974215-12	2013	Taken together our findings suggest that inhibition of PKCbeta regulates vimentin secretion and, thereby, its interaction with Dectin-1 and downstream stimulation of superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	166-182	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	55-62
23727323-4	2013	Eukaryotic systems have evolved defenses against such damaging moieties, the chief member of which is superoxide dismutase (SOD2), an enzyme that efficiently converts superoxide to the less reactive hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which can freely diffuse across the mitochondrial membrane.	Superoxides	102-112	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	124-128
23836548-1	2013	The phagocyte NADPH oxidase Nox2 generates superoxide ions implicated in the elimination of microorganisms and the redox control of inflammatory signaling.	Superoxides	43-53	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	28-32
23824088-4	2013	During phase I, there was a preferential upregulation of angiotensin type I receptor (AT1R) messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein that leads to activation of NADPH oxidase (Nox) and increase in superoxide at the RVLM.	Superoxides	189-199	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Rattus norvegicus	86-90
23816468-5	2013	Exposure to Ang II resulted in significant increases in suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) expression and phosphorylation levels of JAK2, STAT3 and ERK1/2 linked with elevated superoxide production and cell proliferation in HUASMCs.	Superoxides	184-194	suppressor of cytokine signaling 3	Homo sapiens	56-90
23816468-5	2013	Exposure to Ang II resulted in significant increases in suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) expression and phosphorylation levels of JAK2, STAT3 and ERK1/2 linked with elevated superoxide production and cell proliferation in HUASMCs.	Superoxides	184-194	suppressor of cytokine signaling 3	Homo sapiens	92-97
23816468-5	2013	Exposure to Ang II resulted in significant increases in suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) expression and phosphorylation levels of JAK2, STAT3 and ERK1/2 linked with elevated superoxide production and cell proliferation in HUASMCs.	Superoxides	184-194	Janus kinase 2	Homo sapiens	140-144
23816468-7	2013	More importantly, treatment with human recombinant ACE2 (hrACE2; 1mg/ml) dramatically prevented Ang II-mediated SOCS3 expression and the JAK2-STAT3 and ERK1/2 signaling, and resulted in attenuation of superoxide production and cell proliferation in HUASMCs.	Superoxides	201-211	angiotensin converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens	51-55
23816468-9	2013	In conclusion, treatment with hrACE2 prevents Ang II-mediated activation of the JAK2/STAT3/SOCS3 and profilin-1/MAPK signaling pathways, contributing to attenuation of superoxide generation and cell proliferation in HUASMCs, suggesting a protective mechanism of ACE2 against Ang II-mediated oxidative stress and VSMC proliferation.	Superoxides	168-178	angiotensin converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens	32-36
23940720-3	2013	Recent studies have shown that CD38 may sense redox signals and is thereby activated to produce cellular response and that the NADPH oxidase isoform, NOX1, is a major resource to produce superoxide (O2 -)) in coronary arterial myocytes (CAMs) in response to muscarinic receptor agonist, which uses CD38-ADP-ribosylcyclase signaling pathway to exert its action in these CAMs.	Superoxides	187-197	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	150-154
23940720-3	2013	Recent studies have shown that CD38 may sense redox signals and is thereby activated to produce cellular response and that the NADPH oxidase isoform, NOX1, is a major resource to produce superoxide (O2 -)) in coronary arterial myocytes (CAMs) in response to muscarinic receptor agonist, which uses CD38-ADP-ribosylcyclase signaling pathway to exert its action in these CAMs.	Superoxides	199-201	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	150-154
23940720-7	2013	Correspondingly, NOX1 gene silencing abolished ET-1-induced O2 - production and increased CD38-ADP-ribosylcyclase activity in CAMs, while activation of NOX1 by overexpression of Rac1 or Vav2 or administration of exogenous O2 - significantly increased CD38 internalization in CAMs.	Superoxides	60-62	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	17-21
23940720-7	2013	Correspondingly, NOX1 gene silencing abolished ET-1-induced O2 - production and increased CD38-ADP-ribosylcyclase activity in CAMs, while activation of NOX1 by overexpression of Rac1 or Vav2 or administration of exogenous O2 - significantly increased CD38 internalization in CAMs.	Superoxides	222-224	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	17-21
23788763-5	2013	By using the mitochondrial-specific superoxide dye MitoSox and complex I inhibitor rotenone, we identified the mitochondrial respiratory chain as the major PGC-1alpha-dependent reactive oxygen species source in vivo, accompanied by increased vascular inflammation and cell senescence.	Superoxides	36-46	peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1 alpha	Mus musculus	156-166
23597505-1	2013	Uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) is a member of the mitochondrial inner membrane carrier superfamily that modulates energy efficiency by catalyzing proton conductance and thus decreasing the production of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	200-216	uncoupling protein 3 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	0-20
23597505-1	2013	Uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) is a member of the mitochondrial inner membrane carrier superfamily that modulates energy efficiency by catalyzing proton conductance and thus decreasing the production of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	200-216	uncoupling protein 3 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	22-26
23922819-2	2013	The current study was designed to test the hypothesis that the central orexin-A (OXA) could be involved in the cardiovascular dysfunction of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by releasing NAD(P)H oxidase-derived superoxide anion (O2 (-)) generation in RVLM, AMI rat model established by ligating the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery to induce manifestation of cardiac dysfunction, monitored by the indicators as heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and left intraventricular pressure.	Superoxides	212-228	2,4-dienoyl CoA reductase 1, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	188-195
23922819-2	2013	The current study was designed to test the hypothesis that the central orexin-A (OXA) could be involved in the cardiovascular dysfunction of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by releasing NAD(P)H oxidase-derived superoxide anion (O2 (-)) generation in RVLM, AMI rat model established by ligating the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery to induce manifestation of cardiac dysfunction, monitored by the indicators as heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and left intraventricular pressure.	Superoxides	230-236	2,4-dienoyl CoA reductase 1, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	188-195
23454539-10	2013	These results suggest that NOX2 activity provides a significant source of superoxide-derived PN to undertake post-translational modifications of mitochondrial MnSOD and to engage neuroinflammatory signaling in the spinal cord associated with opioid-induced antinociceptive tolerance.	Superoxides	74-84	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	27-31
23667524-11	2013	SOD activity was reduced by midgut PSN knockdown, and these flies were sensitive to the superoxide-inducing chemical paraquat.	Superoxides	88-98	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	0-3
23318789-3	2013	One of the immediate responses upon macrophage activation involves the production of superoxide radical (O2( -)) due to the NADPH-dependent univalent reduction of oxygen to O2( -) by the phagocytic NADPH oxidase isoform (NOX2), the activity of NOX2 being the main source of O2( -) in monocytes/macrophages.	Superoxides	85-103	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	221-225
23318789-3	2013	One of the immediate responses upon macrophage activation involves the production of superoxide radical (O2( -)) due to the NADPH-dependent univalent reduction of oxygen to O2( -) by the phagocytic NADPH oxidase isoform (NOX2), the activity of NOX2 being the main source of O2( -) in monocytes/macrophages.	Superoxides	85-103	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	244-248
22937798-6	2013	In rodents, three cerebrovascular NOXes exist: the superoxide-forming NOX1 and 2 and the hydrogen peroxide-forming NOX4.	Superoxides	51-61	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	70-80
23261940-10	2013	These results provide the first evidence that plasma from PE generates superoxide via a LOX1-NOX2-mediated pathway and downregulates endothelial KCa3.1, which may contribute to endothelial dysfunction and vasculopathy in preeclampsia.	Superoxides	71-81	oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1	Homo sapiens	88-92
23295407-12	2013	CONCLUSION: Melatonin inhibits PKC-alpha to increase cationic amino acid transporter-1 (CAT-1)-mediated L-arginine uptake in BDL liver, whereas it inhibits PKC-beta to reduce NADPH-dependent superoxide production.	Superoxides	191-201	solute carrier family 7 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	88-93
33483749-9	2021	Finally, treatment with atorvastatin significantly inhibited atrial superoxide production in NOX2-Tg but had no effect on AF induction in either genotype.	Superoxides	68-78	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	93-97
33483749-10	2021	CONCLUSIONS: Together, these data indicate that whilst atrial NOX2 overexpression may contribute to atrial arrhythmogenesis, NOX2-derived superoxide production does not affect the electrical and structural properties of the atrial myocardium.	Superoxides	138-148	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	125-129
33483749-14	2021	Short-term treatment with atorvastatin normalized atrial superoxide in NOX2-Tg mice without affecting AF susceptibility.	Superoxides	57-67	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	71-75
33483749-15	2021	Together these findings indicate that atrial NOX2-derived superoxide is more likely a biomarker of AF risk than a primary driver of AF development, and that NOX2 inhibition is unlikely to prevent the new-onset of AF.	Superoxides	58-68	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	45-49
32979421-7	2021	Depletion of SLC25A3 results in decreased accumulation of copper in the matrix, a cytochrome c oxidase defect and a modulation of cytosolic superoxide dismutase abundance.	Superoxides	140-150	solute carrier family 25 member 3	Homo sapiens	13-20
33069733-5	2021	Moreover, commercial assay kits indicated that inflammatory response and oxidative stress were provoked in response to MPP+, due to promoted contents of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, malondialdehyde, and lactate dehydrogenase, accompanied with suppressed superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase levels.	Superoxides	284-294	M-phase phosphoprotein 6	Homo sapiens	119-122
33332718-6	2021	In human podocytes, NOX4 was predominantly localized to mitochondria and Sal B treatment blocked HG-induced mitochondrial NOX4 derived superoxide generation and thereby ameliorating podocyte apoptosis, which can be abrogated by AMPK knockdown.	Superoxides	135-145	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	122-126
32043277-1	2021	VERNALIZATION2 (VRN2), an angiosperm-specific subunit of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), is an oxygen (O2 ) regulated target of the PCO branch of the PRT6 N-degron pathway of ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis.	Superoxides	113-115	proteolysis 6	Arabidopsis thaliana	160-164
33310503-7	2021	Rescuing H2S signaling in CSE-KO mice by Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) supplementation or reconstitution with endothelial cell specific CSE over-expression significantly reduced atrial superoxide, increased sulfide levels, and lowered AF inducibility.	Superoxides	181-191	cystathionase (cystathionine gamma-lyase)	Mus musculus	26-29
33310503-7	2021	Rescuing H2S signaling in CSE-KO mice by Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) supplementation or reconstitution with endothelial cell specific CSE over-expression significantly reduced atrial superoxide, increased sulfide levels, and lowered AF inducibility.	Superoxides	181-191	cystathionase (cystathionine gamma-lyase)	Mus musculus	132-135
32721518-2	2020	Here we have shown that, under the conditions of a gradual decrease in dissolved oxygen (dO2), characteristic of batch culture, the global regulatory system ArcB/ArcA can play an important role in the coordinated control of extracellular superoxide and GSH fluxes and their interaction with intracellular antioxidant systems.	Superoxides	238-248	arginine deiminase	Escherichia coli	162-166
32572784-6	2020	The mechanism of LPC-induced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) generation, mitochondria membrane depolarization, nitric oxide (NO) increase, and development of superoxide production via TRPA1 was verified by using confocal imaging.	Superoxides	172-182	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	198-203
32745765-11	2020	Notably, SIRT3 RNAi suppressed OXPHOS activity, while PGC-1alpha RNAi triggered mitochondrial superoxide and intracellular H2O2 production in hypoxia combined with curcumin-treated BMSCs.	Superoxides	94-104	peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1 alpha	Mus musculus	54-64
32915316-12	2020	The IL-1beta production in the PVN is dependent on the AT1R-mediated superoxide anion generation and NFkappaB activation.	Superoxides	69-85	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Rattus norvegicus	55-59
33121174-4	2020	Aside from NO, nNOS also generates superoxide which is involved in both cell injury and signaling.	Superoxides	35-45	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	15-19
33121174-6	2020	Phosphorylation of nNOS at Ser847 by CaMKII decreases NO generation and increases superoxide generation.	Superoxides	82-92	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	19-23
33121174-6	2020	Phosphorylation of nNOS at Ser847 by CaMKII decreases NO generation and increases superoxide generation.	Superoxides	82-92	calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II gamma	Homo sapiens	37-43
33026384-3	2020	Our findings indicate that OEB exhibits great antioxidant capacity and ability to scavenge free radicals and that OEB treatment can protect RAW 264.7 macrophages from oxidative damage by increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity and glutathione (GSH) content and the corresponding gene expression (sod2, cat, gpx1), while decreasing malonic dialdehyde (MDA) content.	Superoxides	198-208	Catalase	Caenorhabditis elegans	17-20
32544584-8	2020	In addition, the ability of CPS-1 to scavenge superoxide radical, ABTS and DPPH radicals was also enhanced with the increased of concentration.	Superoxides	46-64	carbamoyl-phosphate synthase 1	Homo sapiens	28-33
33042267-7	2020	Mechanistically, the effects of TLR5 were largely attributed to direct interaction with spleen tyrosine kinase to activate NADPH oxidase (NOX) 2, increasing the production of superoxide and subsequent activation of p38.	Superoxides	175-185	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	123-144
32736673-9	2020	Both in vivo and in vitro studies showed that inhibiting TREM-1 attenuated ROS accumulation, lipid per-oxidation (LPO) contents such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and enhanced the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity after ischemia.	Superoxides	175-185	triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1	Rattus norvegicus	57-63
32923620-6	2020	Unexpectedly, complex I RET, a process dependent on high mitochondrial membrane potential, induces superoxide-dependent mitochondrial uncoupling and downstream activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK).	Superoxides	99-109	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Homo sapiens	174-222
32923620-6	2020	Unexpectedly, complex I RET, a process dependent on high mitochondrial membrane potential, induces superoxide-dependent mitochondrial uncoupling and downstream activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK).	Superoxides	99-109	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Homo sapiens	224-228
32830348-7	2020	Furthermore, overexpression miR-320a protected Muller cells by suppressing superoxide anion.	Superoxides	75-91	microRNA 320a	Homo sapiens	28-36
23280587-9	2013	Superoxide production by purified MSU crystal-recruited neutrophils ex vivo was enhanced by anti-TGFbeta1 antibody treatment.	Superoxides	0-10	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	97-105
23280587-10	2013	Neutrophils purified from the peritoneum of MSU crystal-challenged mice treated with anti-TGFbeta1 antibody produced elevated levels of superoxide, but neutrophil IL-1beta production was unaffected.	Superoxides	136-146	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	90-98
23271813-1	2013	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is an antioxidant enzyme responsible for the elimination of superoxide radical.	Superoxides	99-117	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
23271813-1	2013	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is an antioxidant enzyme responsible for the elimination of superoxide radical.	Superoxides	99-117	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
23429290-3	2013	In the present study, we observed that upon detachment from matrix, human mammary epithelial cells strongly upregulate manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD, or SOD2), a principal mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme that detoxifies ROS through dismutation of superoxide.	Superoxides	129-139	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	151-156
23429290-5	2013	Detachment of mammary epithelial cells potently increases mitochondrial superoxide levels, which are further elevated by depletion of MnSOD in suspended cells.	Superoxides	72-82	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	134-139
23429290-7	2013	These results suggest that detachment-induced MnSOD counters mitochondrial superoxide accumulation and confers anoikis resistance.	Superoxides	75-85	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	46-51
23751520-0	2013	Nox4-generated superoxide drives angiotensin II-induced neural stem cell proliferation.	Superoxides	15-25	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	0-4
23751520-7	2013	SiRNA targeting of Nox4 mRNA reduced both the constitutive and Ang II-induced Nox4 protein levels and attenuated Ang II-driven increases in superoxide levels and stem cell proliferation.	Superoxides	140-150	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	19-23
23751520-8	2013	Our findings are consistent with our hypothesis that Ang II-induced proliferation of neural stem cells occurs via Nox4-generated superoxide, suggesting that an Ang II/Nox4 axis is an important regulator of neural stem cell self-renewal and as such may fine-tune normal, stress- or disease-modifying neurogenesis.	Superoxides	129-139	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	114-118
23751520-8	2013	Our findings are consistent with our hypothesis that Ang II-induced proliferation of neural stem cells occurs via Nox4-generated superoxide, suggesting that an Ang II/Nox4 axis is an important regulator of neural stem cell self-renewal and as such may fine-tune normal, stress- or disease-modifying neurogenesis.	Superoxides	129-139	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	167-171
22982047-1	2013	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is an integral mitochondrial protein known as a first-line antioxidant defense against superoxide radical anions produced as by-products of the electron transport chain.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
23573415-10	2013	In conclusion, hypertension-induced superoxide production derived from Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase promotes hypertrophy and causes endothelial dysfunction in cerebral arterioles, possibly involving interaction with nitric oxide.	Superoxides	36-46	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	71-75
22933112-5	2012	Inhibition of either p38 with SB203580 or JNK with SP600125 reduced superoxide production and improved shear stress-induced dilation (SSID) in 3M, but not in 9M, diabetic mice.	Superoxides	68-78	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	21-24
23151243-1	2012	BACKGROUND: Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) was reported to be involved in lipid metabolism through regulating the production of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	125-141	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	12-32
23151243-1	2012	BACKGROUND: Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) was reported to be involved in lipid metabolism through regulating the production of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	125-141	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	34-38
24627764-3	2012	To this end, we used transgenic fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) to explore the interaction between mutant superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and chemicals such as ss-N-methylamino L-alanine (BMAA), the herbicide agent paraquat, and superoxide species.	Superoxides	112-122	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	136-140
22900927-9	2012	Furthermore, increased superoxide anion levels were found in lung homogenates of cigarette smoke-exposed rats after incubation with 5-HT (p &lt; 0.05), which was positively associated with the increase in MAO-A activity (r = 0.639, p &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	23-39	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	205-210
22900927-11	2012	The metabolism of 5-HT by MAO-A in the lung enhanced cigarette smoke-induced superoxides, which might contribute to the pathogenesis of COPD.	Superoxides	77-88	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	26-31
22896039-0	2012	NADPH oxidase 4 mediates flow-induced superoxide production in thick ascending limbs.	Superoxides	38-48	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	0-15
22896039-3	2012	Of the three isoforms expressed in the kidney-Nox1, Nox2, and Nox4-we hypothesized that Nox4 is responsible for flow-induced O(2)(-) production in TALs.	Superoxides	125-129	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	46-50
22896039-3	2012	Of the three isoforms expressed in the kidney-Nox1, Nox2, and Nox4-we hypothesized that Nox4 is responsible for flow-induced O(2)(-) production in TALs.	Superoxides	125-129	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	62-66
22896039-3	2012	Of the three isoforms expressed in the kidney-Nox1, Nox2, and Nox4-we hypothesized that Nox4 is responsible for flow-induced O(2)(-) production in TALs.	Superoxides	125-129	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	88-92
22896039-9	2012	Flow-induced O(2)(-) was 18 +- 9 AU/s in TALs transduced with Nox4 siRNA compared with 77 +- 9 AU/s in tubules transduced with scrambled siRNA.	Superoxides	13-17	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	62-66
22896039-10	2012	Flow-induced O(2)(-) was 81 +- 5 AU/s in Nox2 knockout mice compared with 83 +- 13 AU/s in wild-type mice.	Superoxides	13-17	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	41-45
22672579-4	2012	Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) is a major cytosolic enzyme responsible for scavenging superoxides.	Superoxides	85-96	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	0-22
22672579-4	2012	Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) is a major cytosolic enzyme responsible for scavenging superoxides.	Superoxides	85-96	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	24-28
22708890-6	2012	We also showed that AbetaO induce NADPH oxidase (NOX)-mediated superoxide production downstream of GluN2B and impairs ER and cytosolic Ca2+ homeostasis.	Superoxides	63-73	glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2B	Homo sapiens	99-105
22503830-1	2012	The rates of NADH-supported superoxide/hydrogen peroxide production by membrane-bound bovine heart respiratory complex I, soluble pig heart dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLDH), and by accompanying operation of these enzymes in rat heart mitochondrial matrix were measured as a function of the pool of pyridine nucleotides and its redox state.	Superoxides	28-38	dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase	Sus scrofa	172-176
22705884-2	2012	Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) can mitigate oxidative stress by increasing the influx of protons into the mitochondrial matrix and reducing electron leakage and mitochondrial superoxide generation.	Superoxides	186-196	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-34
22705884-2	2012	Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) can mitigate oxidative stress by increasing the influx of protons into the mitochondrial matrix and reducing electron leakage and mitochondrial superoxide generation.	Superoxides	186-196	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	36-40
22705884-3	2012	Here, we demonstrate that chemical uncouplers or UCP2 over-expression strongly decrease mitochondrial superoxide induction by the anticancer drug gemcitabine (GEM) and protect cancer cells from GEM-induced apoptosis.	Superoxides	102-112	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	49-53
22705884-6	2012	Conversely, UCP2 inhibition by genipin or UCP2 mRNA silencing strongly enhances GEM-induced mitochondrial superoxide generation and apoptosis, synergistically inhibiting cancer cell proliferation.	Superoxides	106-116	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	12-16
22705884-6	2012	Conversely, UCP2 inhibition by genipin or UCP2 mRNA silencing strongly enhances GEM-induced mitochondrial superoxide generation and apoptosis, synergistically inhibiting cancer cell proliferation.	Superoxides	106-116	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	42-46
22784235-3	2012	In the cerebral microvessels of hph-1(+/-) and hph-1(-/-) mice, increased superoxide anion production was inhibited by supplementation of BH(4) or NOS inhibitor- L- N(G) -nitro arginine-methyl ester, indicative of eNOS uncoupling.	Superoxides	74-90	hyperphenylalaninemia 1	Mus musculus	32-37
22784235-3	2012	In the cerebral microvessels of hph-1(+/-) and hph-1(-/-) mice, increased superoxide anion production was inhibited by supplementation of BH(4) or NOS inhibitor- L- N(G) -nitro arginine-methyl ester, indicative of eNOS uncoupling.	Superoxides	74-90	hyperphenylalaninemia 1	Mus musculus	47-52
22798524-8	2012	Xanthine oxidoreductase inhibition abolished the difference in superoxide production but did not affect myocardial function in either group.	Superoxides	63-73	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	0-23
22710435-4	2012	Results from electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and flow cytometric assays showed a significant increase in cellular superoxide levels in S-phase cells, which was associated with an increase in glucose and oxygen consumption, and a decrease in MnSOD activity.	Superoxides	127-137	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	254-259
22710435-8	2012	Methylation-dependent changes in the MnSOD conformation and subsequent changes in the electrostatic potential around the active site during quiescence versus proliferation could increase the accessibility of superoxide, a negatively charged substrate.	Superoxides	208-218	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	37-42
22609493-8	2012	Overexpression of MsrA in CHO cells protected mitochondria from H(2)O(2)-induced downtrend of membrane potential and production of mitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	145-155	mitochondrial peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase	Cricetulus griseus	18-22
22278940-4	2012	Our principal aim in this study was to investigate whether superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase1 (Nox1) is involved in NRX-regulated Wnt signaling in intestinal and colon epithelial cells.	Superoxides	59-69	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	97-101
22330068-0	2012	Small GTPases Rap1 and RhoA regulate superoxide formation by Rac1 GTPases activation during the phagocytosis of IgG-opsonized zymosans in macrophages.	Superoxides	37-47	RAS-related protein 1a	Mus musculus	14-18
22330068-0	2012	Small GTPases Rap1 and RhoA regulate superoxide formation by Rac1 GTPases activation during the phagocytosis of IgG-opsonized zymosans in macrophages.	Superoxides	37-47	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	23-27
22330068-0	2012	Small GTPases Rap1 and RhoA regulate superoxide formation by Rac1 GTPases activation during the phagocytosis of IgG-opsonized zymosans in macrophages.	Superoxides	37-47	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	61-65
22330068-4	2012	In addition, neutrophils from rap1A(-/-) mice reduce fMLP-stimulated superoxide production.	Superoxides	69-79	RAS-related protein 1a	Mus musculus	30-35
22330068-5	2012	Here, we tried to determine whether Rap1 also plays a role in the production of superoxide.	Superoxides	80-90	RAS-related protein 1a	Mus musculus	36-40
22330068-7	2012	Knock-down of Rap1 by si-Rap1 suppressed IOZ-induced superoxide formation.	Superoxides	53-63	RAS-related protein 1a	Mus musculus	14-18
22330068-7	2012	Knock-down of Rap1 by si-Rap1 suppressed IOZ-induced superoxide formation.	Superoxides	53-63	RAS-related protein 1a	Mus musculus	25-29
22330068-8	2012	Sh-RhoA also reduced superoxide levels, but 8CPT-2Me-cAMP, an activator of Epac1 (a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) of Rap1), could recover the levels to the control value.	Superoxides	21-31	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	3-7
22330068-14	2012	In conclusion, IOZ treatment induces Rap1 activation and phosphorylation of RhoA, which in turn cause Rac1 activation and promote Rac1 translocation to the membrane leading to binding with p22(phox) that activates NADPH oxidase and produces superoxide.	Superoxides	241-251	RAS-related protein 1a	Mus musculus	37-41
22330068-14	2012	In conclusion, IOZ treatment induces Rap1 activation and phosphorylation of RhoA, which in turn cause Rac1 activation and promote Rac1 translocation to the membrane leading to binding with p22(phox) that activates NADPH oxidase and produces superoxide.	Superoxides	241-251	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	76-80
22406317-4	2012	Subsequent studies demonstrate that the electrotaxis of HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cells is abolished by NADPH oxidase inhibitor and overexpression of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), an enzyme that hydrolyzes superoxide.	Superoxides	155-165	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	177-182
22366511-8	2012	Activation of Rac1, one of the subunits of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase complex, which is a major superoxide generator in the cell membrane, was inhibited by the administration of pravastatin.	Superoxides	133-143	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	14-18
22404107-9	2012	From the kinetic data, and the levels of AO and NADH, O(2)( -) production was estimated to be ~89 and ~4 nM/s in liver and heart, respectively, much higher than that estimated for XOR under similar conditions.	Superoxides	54-62	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	180-183
22447222-14	2012	These changes in tissue MMP-2 were connected with stimulation of Akt kinase activation, inhibition of SOD, an increase in superoxide levels, induction of iNOS protein expression and caspase-3 activation.	Superoxides	122-132	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Rattus norvegicus	24-29
22287576-0	2012	Endothelial-specific Nox2 overexpression increases vascular superoxide and macrophage recruitment in ApoE-/- mice.	Superoxides	60-70	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	21-25
22287576-4	2012	Endothelial overexpression of Nox2 in ApoE(-/-) mice did not alter blood pressure, but significantly increased vascular superoxide production compared with ApoE(-/-) littermates, measured using both lucigenin chemiluminescence and 2-hydroxyethidium production (ApoE(-/-), 19.9 +- 6.3 vs. Nox2-Tg ApoE(-/-), 47.0 +- 7.0 nmol 2-hydroxyethidium/aorta, P&lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	120-130	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	30-34
22287576-7	2012	CONCLUSION: Endothelial-targeted Nox2 overexpression in ApoE(-/-) mice is sufficient to increase vascular superoxide production and increase macrophage recruitment possible via activation of endothelial cells.	Superoxides	106-116	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	33-37
22392142-0	2012	NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide destabilizes lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin 8 mRNA via p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase mitogen-activated protein kinase, and the destabilizing factor tristetraprolin.	Superoxides	22-32	ZFP36 ring finger protein	Homo sapiens	202-217
22342343-3	2012	Herein, we demonstrate that IF1 overexpression in colon cancer cells triggers mitochondrial hyperpolarization and the subsequent production of superoxide radical, a reactive oxygen species (ROS).	Superoxides	143-161	ATP synthase inhibitory factor subunit 1	Homo sapiens	28-31
22291013-6	2012	Moreover, the H(V)1 proton channel, which was recently implicated in spermatozoa motility, was required for optimal superoxide production by spermatozoa.	Superoxides	116-126	hydrogen voltage gated channel 1	Homo sapiens	14-19
22227335-13	2012	In summary, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion-derived from endothelial NAD(P)H oxidase mediate the hyperreactivity to angiotensin II in type I-diabetic rat carotid, involving the participation of cyclooxygenase-1 and Rho-kinase.	Superoxides	52-68	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	219-235
22205609-12	2012	CONCLUSIONS: gamma-Secretase, and in particular PS1 alone, are potent regulators of angiogenesis and this is due in part to stabilizing endogenous superoxide generation and reducing proinflammatory cytokine expression during CNV.	Superoxides	147-157	presenilin 1	Homo sapiens	48-51
22158615-2	2012	Here we report that stimulation of DR4 and/or DR5 by the agonistic protein KD548-Fc, an Fc-fused DR4/DR5 dual-specific Kringle domain variant, activates plasma membrane-associated Nox1 NADPH oxidase to generate superoxide anion and subsequently accumulates intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to sustained c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation and eventual apoptotic cell death in human HeLa and Jurkat tumor cells.	Superoxides	211-227	TNF receptor superfamily member 10a	Homo sapiens	35-38
22158615-2	2012	Here we report that stimulation of DR4 and/or DR5 by the agonistic protein KD548-Fc, an Fc-fused DR4/DR5 dual-specific Kringle domain variant, activates plasma membrane-associated Nox1 NADPH oxidase to generate superoxide anion and subsequently accumulates intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to sustained c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation and eventual apoptotic cell death in human HeLa and Jurkat tumor cells.	Superoxides	211-227	TNF receptor superfamily member 10a	Homo sapiens	97-100
22158615-2	2012	Here we report that stimulation of DR4 and/or DR5 by the agonistic protein KD548-Fc, an Fc-fused DR4/DR5 dual-specific Kringle domain variant, activates plasma membrane-associated Nox1 NADPH oxidase to generate superoxide anion and subsequently accumulates intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to sustained c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation and eventual apoptotic cell death in human HeLa and Jurkat tumor cells.	Superoxides	211-227	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	180-184
22100343-8	2012	Further, Nox4 siRNA inhibited OXO-induced intracellular but not extracellular O(2)( -) production, whereas Nox1 siRNA attenuated both intracellular and extracellular O(2)( -) production in CD38(+/+) CAMs.	Superoxides	166-170	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	107-111
22100343-11	2012	These results provide direct evidence that the CD38/cADPR pathway is an important controller of Nox4-mediated intracellular O(2)( -) production and that CD38-dependent intracellular O(2)( -) production is augmented in an autocrine manner by CD38-independent Nox1-derived extracellular O(2)( -) production in CAMs.	Superoxides	124-128	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	96-100
22100343-11	2012	These results provide direct evidence that the CD38/cADPR pathway is an important controller of Nox4-mediated intracellular O(2)( -) production and that CD38-dependent intracellular O(2)( -) production is augmented in an autocrine manner by CD38-independent Nox1-derived extracellular O(2)( -) production in CAMs.	Superoxides	182-186	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	96-100
22100343-11	2012	These results provide direct evidence that the CD38/cADPR pathway is an important controller of Nox4-mediated intracellular O(2)( -) production and that CD38-dependent intracellular O(2)( -) production is augmented in an autocrine manner by CD38-independent Nox1-derived extracellular O(2)( -) production in CAMs.	Superoxides	182-186	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	258-262
22100343-11	2012	These results provide direct evidence that the CD38/cADPR pathway is an important controller of Nox4-mediated intracellular O(2)( -) production and that CD38-dependent intracellular O(2)( -) production is augmented in an autocrine manner by CD38-independent Nox1-derived extracellular O(2)( -) production in CAMs.	Superoxides	182-186	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	96-100
22100343-11	2012	These results provide direct evidence that the CD38/cADPR pathway is an important controller of Nox4-mediated intracellular O(2)( -) production and that CD38-dependent intracellular O(2)( -) production is augmented in an autocrine manner by CD38-independent Nox1-derived extracellular O(2)( -) production in CAMs.	Superoxides	182-186	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	258-262
22197008-3	2012	We have recently shown annexin-1 to be present in equine neutrophils and demonstrated that the annexin-1-derived peptide, Ac2-26, can both reduce superoxide production by these cells in response to other stimuli and directly induce free radical production at a higher concentration.	Superoxides	146-156	annexin A1	Equus caballus	95-104
22148553-2	2012	However, two evolutionarily related single-domain sulfhydryl oxidases (Erv2p; a yeast endoplasmic reticulum resident protein and augmenter of liver regeneration, ALR, an enzyme predominantly found in the mitochondrial intermembrane) release up to ~30% of the oxygen they reduce as the superoxide ion.	Superoxides	285-295	flavin-linked sulfhydryl oxidase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	71-76
22148553-10	2012	Superoxide release was also observed by a standard chemiluminescence method using a luciferin analogue (MCLA) when 2 mM DTT was employed as a substrate of Erv2p and ALR.	Superoxides	0-10	flavin-linked sulfhydryl oxidase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	155-160
22148553-11	2012	The percentage of superoxide released from Erv2p increased to ~65% when monomeric mutants of the normally homodimeric enzyme were used.	Superoxides	18-28	flavin-linked sulfhydryl oxidase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	43-48
22159121-2	2011	Here, we report a novel role for the superoxide-generating enzyme NOX1/NADPH oxidase in the regulation of analgesia and acute analgesic tolerance.	Superoxides	37-47	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	66-70
21967817-8	2011	Moreover, overexpression of NGB attenuated ocular hypertension-induced superoxide production and the associated decrease in ATP levels in mice, suggesting that NGB acts as an endogenous neuroprotectant to reduce oxidative stress and improve mitochondrial function, thereby promoting RGC survival.	Superoxides	71-81	neuroglobin	Mus musculus	28-31
21981804-8	2011	Taken together, these results showed that O(2)(-) is an important signaling molecule for activating the MKK3/6-p38 cascade, which is requisite for inducing TNFalpha in microglia.	Superoxides	42-46	mitogen activated protein kinase kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	104-108
21855229-10	2011	If the superoxide production is not effectively controlled by mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), then superoxide leads to OxS and lipid peroxidation.	Superoxides	7-17	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	62-96
21855229-10	2011	If the superoxide production is not effectively controlled by mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), then superoxide leads to OxS and lipid peroxidation.	Superoxides	7-17	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	98-104
21855229-10	2011	If the superoxide production is not effectively controlled by mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), then superoxide leads to OxS and lipid peroxidation.	Superoxides	76-86	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	98-104
21895890-2	2011	In this study, we have characterized rad-8 and have found that rad-8 showed several phenotypes of mitochondrial dysfunction such as a decreased activity of the respiratory chain, increased generation of superoxide anions, increased oxidative damage, increased apoptosis, and abnormal mitochondrial structure.	Superoxides	203-220	Reticulon-4-interacting protein 1, mitochondrial	Caenorhabditis elegans	63-68
20712406-4	2011	p53 orchestrates mitochondrial redox signaling by the coordinated control of at least two key effectors: the superoxide scavenger MnSOD, and the ROS generator p66shc.	Superoxides	109-119	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	130-135
21708247-6	2011	The critical role of NADPH-oxidase-dependent superoxide generation in this cross-talk mechanism is corroborated by the finding that apocynin or a siRNA against p22(phox) prevents EGFR transactivation and c-Src kinase activity.	Superoxides	45-55	C-terminal Src kinase	Homo sapiens	204-216
21270097-7	2011	Inhibition of COX-2 (NS398), NADPH oxidase (apocynin), or a combination blocked aldosterone-induced O(2)(-) production to the same degree.	Superoxides	100-105	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	14-19
21471960-6	2011	The superoxide-producing cells were Ly-6C(-)Ly-6G(+) and they expressed proinflammatory activities, exacerbating airway hyperresponsiveness in a superoxide-dependent fashion.	Superoxides	4-14	lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus G	Mus musculus	44-49
21635891-1	2011	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is one of several major proteins that regulate removal of superoxide.	Superoxides	85-95	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	0-20
21635891-1	2011	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is one of several major proteins that regulate removal of superoxide.	Superoxides	85-95	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	22-25
21194376-5	2011	Inhibitors of Hsp90 also reduced superoxide from Nox1, Nox2 (neutrophils), and Nox3.	Superoxides	33-43	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	49-53
21411092-4	2011	Deficiency of Nox1 decreased superoxide levels and reduced lesion area in the aortic arch from 43% (ApoE(-/-)) to 28% (ApoE(-/-) Nox1(-/y)).	Superoxides	29-39	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	14-18
21415386-9	2011	These effects contrast markedly with those reported for Nox1 and Nox2, which involve superoxide-mediated inactivation of nitric oxide.	Superoxides	85-95	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	56-60
21415386-9	2011	These effects contrast markedly with those reported for Nox1 and Nox2, which involve superoxide-mediated inactivation of nitric oxide.	Superoxides	85-95	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	65-69
21427216-1	2011	After oophorectomy, mRen2.Lewis rats exhibit diastolic dysfunction associated with elevated superoxide, increased cardiac neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) expression, and diminished myocardial tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) content, effects that are attenuated with selective nNOS inhibition.	Superoxides	92-102	renin 2 tandem duplication of Ren1	Mus musculus	20-25
21331057-10	2011	CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that introgressing the BN renin allele onto the Dahl SS genetic background to restore normal activity of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) protects NO-dependent vascular relaxation in cerebral arteries by increasing the expression of Cu/Zn SOD and lowering vascular superoxide levels.	Superoxides	303-313	renin	Rattus norvegicus	62-67
21331057-10	2011	CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that introgressing the BN renin allele onto the Dahl SS genetic background to restore normal activity of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) protects NO-dependent vascular relaxation in cerebral arteries by increasing the expression of Cu/Zn SOD and lowering vascular superoxide levels.	Superoxides	303-313	renin	Rattus norvegicus	145-150
21425153-7	2011	Increased activation of p38MAPK, MAPKAPK2, and Hsp27 was observed in lung cancer stem cells compared with control A549 cells both before and after exposure to superoxide and chemotoxic agents.	Superoxides	159-169	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	24-31
21257347-3	2011	Nitric oxide, which may work to counter the effects of ROS, particularly superoxide, has been identified as a signaling molecule in angiotensin-1-7 (Ang-(1-7)) stimulated neurons.	Superoxides	73-83	angiopoietin 1	Homo sapiens	149-157
21372211-3	2011	Here, we investigated the contribution of luminal acidity to superoxide (O(2)( -)) production induced by oleic acid-bound albumin (OA-Alb) in proximal tubular cells.	Superoxides	61-71	albumin	Mus musculus	134-137
21372211-3	2011	Here, we investigated the contribution of luminal acidity to superoxide (O(2)( -)) production induced by oleic acid-bound albumin (OA-Alb) in proximal tubular cells.	Superoxides	73-81	albumin	Mus musculus	134-137
21372211-4	2011	Acidic media significantly enhanced OA-Alb-induced O(2)( -) production in the HK-2 proximal tubular cell line.	Superoxides	51-55	albumin	Mus musculus	39-42
21372211-7	2011	Furthermore, knockdown of Pyk2 with siRNA attenuated the O(2)( -) production induced by cotreatment with OA-Alb and acid.	Superoxides	57-65	PTK2 protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta	Mus musculus	26-30
21372211-7	2011	Furthermore, knockdown of Pyk2 with siRNA attenuated the O(2)( -) production induced by cotreatment with OA-Alb and acid.	Superoxides	57-65	albumin	Mus musculus	108-111
20875459-8	2011	The TLR2-enhanced induction of superoxide was a defect in proper NADPH oxidase assembly.	Superoxides	31-41	toll-like receptor 2	Mus musculus	4-8
21212270-0	2011	Control of hepatic nuclear superoxide production by glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and NADPH oxidase-4.	Superoxides	27-37	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	90-105
21418589-5	2011	The decrease in cellular O2-, which was accompanied by a brief accumulation of H2O2 and downregulation of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) and cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein, sensitized K562 leukemia cells and human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis.	Superoxides	25-27	caspase 8	Homo sapiens	146-151
21167124-1	2011	Manganese Superoxide Dismutase (MnSOD) is an essential mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme that protects organisms against oxidative damage, dismutating superoxide radical (O2(.	Superoxides	150-168	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
21167124-1	2011	Manganese Superoxide Dismutase (MnSOD) is an essential mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme that protects organisms against oxidative damage, dismutating superoxide radical (O2(.	Superoxides	150-168	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
21167124-1	2011	Manganese Superoxide Dismutase (MnSOD) is an essential mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme that protects organisms against oxidative damage, dismutating superoxide radical (O2(.	Superoxides	170-172	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
21167124-1	2011	Manganese Superoxide Dismutase (MnSOD) is an essential mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme that protects organisms against oxidative damage, dismutating superoxide radical (O2(.	Superoxides	170-172	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
21193407-4	2011	PR3-ANCA resulted in degranulation and superoxide production in the mNB1(pos)/PR3(high) neutrophils, but not in the mNB1(neg)/PR3(low) subset, whereas MPO-ANCA and fMLP caused similar responses.	Superoxides	39-49	proteinase 3	Homo sapiens	0-3
21193407-4	2011	PR3-ANCA resulted in degranulation and superoxide production in the mNB1(pos)/PR3(high) neutrophils, but not in the mNB1(neg)/PR3(low) subset, whereas MPO-ANCA and fMLP caused similar responses.	Superoxides	39-49	proteinase 3	Homo sapiens	78-81
21193407-4	2011	PR3-ANCA resulted in degranulation and superoxide production in the mNB1(pos)/PR3(high) neutrophils, but not in the mNB1(neg)/PR3(low) subset, whereas MPO-ANCA and fMLP caused similar responses.	Superoxides	39-49	proteinase 3	Homo sapiens	78-81
21464517-4	2011	The longevity of the mutant, as well as its resistance to the superoxide-generating agent paraquat, is partially dependent on the hypoxia-inducible transcription factor ArcA.	Superoxides	62-72	arginine deiminase	Escherichia coli	169-173
21186270-10	2011	Catechin 1) reduced cerebral superoxide staining (P &lt; 0.05) in ATX mice, 2) restored endothelial function by reducing myogenic tone, improving ACh- and FMD and restoring the sensitivity to nitric oxide synthase inhibition (P &lt; 0.05), 3) increased the changes in CBF during stimulation but not basal CBF, and 4) prevented the decline in learning abilities (P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	29-39	diencephalon/mesencephalon homeobox 1	Mus musculus	66-69
21138781-3	2011	The toxicity of Co(2+) is still debated, but Co(2+) is a potential inhibitor of the Hv1 proton channel that sustains the production of superoxide by neutrophils.	Superoxides	135-145	hydrogen voltage gated channel 1	Homo sapiens	84-87
21072051-2	2011	Using targeted approaches against components of the superoxide-producing NADPH-oxidases, including NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2), NOX4 and the common p22(phox) subunit of NOX1-4, myeloid cells were found to display reduced cell growth and spontaneous migration.	Superoxides	52-62	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	123-127
21248133-11	2011	The treatment of microglia with HMGB1 led to membrane translocation of p47(phox) (a cytosolic subunit of NADPH oxidase) and consequent superoxide release, which required the presence of Mac1.	Superoxides	135-145	high mobility group box 1	Homo sapiens	32-37
20858552-7	2010	Corresponding to LR clustering and aggregation of NADPH subunits, superoxide (O(2)(-)) production was significantly increased (2.7 folds) upon visfatin stimulation, as measured by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometry.	Superoxides	66-76	nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase	Homo sapiens	143-151
20858552-7	2010	Corresponding to LR clustering and aggregation of NADPH subunits, superoxide (O(2)(-)) production was significantly increased (2.7 folds) upon visfatin stimulation, as measured by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometry.	Superoxides	78-82	nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase	Homo sapiens	143-151
21059996-6	2010	Superoxide (O2-) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in EPCs were elevated and reduced, respectively, in WT DOCA-salt and hph-1 mice; both were rescued in Tg-GCH DOCA-salt mice.	Superoxides	0-10	hyperphenylalaninemia 1	Mus musculus	115-120
21059996-6	2010	Superoxide (O2-) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in EPCs were elevated and reduced, respectively, in WT DOCA-salt and hph-1 mice; both were rescued in Tg-GCH DOCA-salt mice.	Superoxides	12-14	hyperphenylalaninemia 1	Mus musculus	115-120
20600827-6	2010	The expression and activity of DDAH were suppressed in vitro by superoxide and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) in a time-dependent manner, whereas melatonin could block H(2)O(2)-induced downregulation of DDAH-2 as well as decreased DDAH activity, thereby preventing increases in hepatic ADMA.	Superoxides	64-74	dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 2	Rattus norvegicus	201-207
20726524-1	2010	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) from different species differs in its efficiency in removing high concentrations of superoxide (O(2)(-)), due to different levels of product inhibition.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
20726524-1	2010	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) from different species differs in its efficiency in removing high concentrations of superoxide (O(2)(-)), due to different levels of product inhibition.	Superoxides	135-139	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
20726524-1	2010	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) from different species differs in its efficiency in removing high concentrations of superoxide (O(2)(-)), due to different levels of product inhibition.	Superoxides	135-139	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
20639222-3	2010	As expected, NADPH-dependent superoxide generation was increased in aortas from Nox1-overexpressing mice.	Superoxides	29-39	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	80-84
20553682-0	2010	Vascular superoxide production by endothelin-1 requires Src non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase and MAPK activation.	Superoxides	9-19	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	101-105
20170662-7	2010	In experiment 1, G-CSF treatment aggravated cardiac pathology associated with increased macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and enhanced superoxide production.	Superoxides	175-185	colony stimulating factor 3	Rattus norvegicus	17-22
20170662-12	2010	The overwhelming superoxide production by G-CSF administration in the acute stage may worsen the disease.	Superoxides	17-27	colony stimulating factor 3	Rattus norvegicus	42-47
20598019-0	2010	mGluR1 antagonist decreased NADPH oxidase activity and superoxide production after transient focal cerebral ischemia.	Superoxides	55-65	glutamate metabotropic receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
20598019-1	2010	NADPH oxidase, which is activated by PKC and signaling via the NMDA receptor, is one of the crucial enzymes for superoxide production in the CNS.	Superoxides	112-122	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	37-40
20598019-3	2010	In this study, we sought to determine the role of mGluR1 in the activation of NADPH oxidase and subsequent superoxide production after transient focal cerebral ischemia.	Superoxides	107-117	glutamate metabotropic receptor 1	Homo sapiens	50-56
20598019-6	2010	The administration of an mGluR1 antagonist attenuated NADPH oxidase activity, which was coincident with inhibition of superoxide production.	Superoxides	118-128	glutamate metabotropic receptor 1	Homo sapiens	25-31
20598019-8	2010	These results suggest that mGluR1 may be linked to the increase in NADPH oxidase activity that is mediated by PKCdelta and subsequent superoxide production after cerebral ischemia.	Superoxides	134-144	glutamate metabotropic receptor 1	Homo sapiens	27-33
20797565-4	2010	Indoxyl sulfate is taken up by the cells through organic anion transporters (OAT1 and/or OAT3), and induces cellular production of free radicals such as superoxide by activating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, especially Nox4, thereby impairing the cellular antioxidative system.	Superoxides	153-163	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	242-246
20479714-4	2010	Using isolated bovine retinal endothelial cells, the effect of regulation of MMP2 (by its siRNA and pharmacological inhibitor) on superoxide accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunction was evaluated.	Superoxides	130-140	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Bos taurus	77-81
20479714-6	2010	Inhibition of MMP2 ameliorated glucose-induced increase in mitochondrial superoxide and membrane permeability, prevented cytochrome c leakage from the mitochondria, and inhibited capillary cell apoptosis.	Superoxides	73-83	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Homo sapiens	14-18
20802415-2	2010	The first-line defense against oxidative stress is provided by the mitochondrial enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), which is a superoxide anion scavenger.	Superoxides	139-155	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	88-118
20802415-2	2010	The first-line defense against oxidative stress is provided by the mitochondrial enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), which is a superoxide anion scavenger.	Superoxides	139-155	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	120-125
32311827-4	2020	Upregulation of Ang II and adenosine activate NOX via AT1R and A1R in renal microvessels, leading to superoxide production.	Superoxides	101-111	angiogenin	Homo sapiens	16-19
32311827-4	2020	Upregulation of Ang II and adenosine activate NOX via AT1R and A1R in renal microvessels, leading to superoxide production.	Superoxides	101-111	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	54-58
32302669-3	2020	In this study, by using live cell imaging and biochemical approaches, we demonstrate that IFN-gamma plus high glucose augment endothelial connexin43 hemichannel activity, resulting in the increase of ATP release, ATP-mediated Ca2+ dynamics and production of nitric oxide and superoxide anion, as well as impaired insulin-mediated uptake and intercellular diffusion of glucose and cell survival.	Superoxides	275-291	gap junction protein alpha 1	Homo sapiens	138-148
32222623-7	2020	Mechanistically, we provide compelling evidence that PM2.5 reduces SOD2 expression through activation of Akt pathway, which leads to a disruption of mitochondrial redox homeostasis characterized by increased accumulation of mitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	238-248	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	67-71
32401607-2	2020	The principal source of superoxide from the insulin-resistant endothelium is the Nox2 isoform of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	24-34	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	81-85
32401607-7	2020	After 12 wk Western diet, ESMIRO/ApoE-/-/Nox2-/y mice had reduced EC superoxide generation and greater aortic relaxation to acetylcholine.	Superoxides	69-79	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	41-45
32401607-10	2020	These results demonstrate that insulin resistance is characterized by increased Nox2-derived vascular superoxide.	Superoxides	102-112	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	80-84
32475319-1	2020	The present study tested the hypotheses that overexpression of an intracellular Ang II (angiotensin II) fusion protein, mito-ECFP/Ang II, selectively in the mitochondria of mouse proximal tubule cells induces mitochondrial oxidative and glycolytic responses and elevates blood pressure via the Ang II/AT1a receptor/superoxide/NHE3 (the Na+/H+ exchanger 3)-dependent mechanisms.	Superoxides	315-325	angiogenin, ribonuclease, RNase A family, 5	Mus musculus	80-83
32475319-5	2020	The mito-ECFP/Ang II-induced oxygen consumption rate and extracellular acidification rate responses were blocked by AT1 blocker losartan (P<0.01) and a mitochondria-targeting superoxide scavenger mito-TEMPO (P<0.01).	Superoxides	175-185	angiogenin, ribonuclease, RNase A family, 5	Mus musculus	14-17
32475319-9	2020	Taken together, these results provide new evidence for a physiological role of PT mitochondrial Ang II/AT1a/superoxide/NHE3 and Ang II/AT2/NO/NHE3 signaling pathways in maintaining blood pressure homeostasis.	Superoxides	108-118	angiogenin, ribonuclease, RNase A family, 5	Mus musculus	96-99
32240120-6	2020	Mechanistically, exophilin-5 regulates extracellular superoxide release, intracellular ROS production, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity by controlling intracellular trafficking of Nox2-containing vesicles, which seems to prevent the overactivation of pathogenic Th2 cells mediated by IL-33.	Superoxides	53-63	exophilin 5	Mus musculus	17-28
32706196-4	2020	However, over-expression of circular ribonucleic acid 0001588 reduced reactive oxygen species production and malonaldehyde levels and increased superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and levels via activation signal pathway of silent information regulator 1/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 signaling pathway by miR-211-5p up-regulation in vitro.	Superoxides	144-154	microRNA 211	Rattus norvegicus	336-343
32544191-11	2020	We also show that elevated cytoplasmic superoxide promotes vulva formation independently of C118 of LET-60ras and downstream of LIN-1.	Superoxides	39-49	CD2 cytoplasmic tail binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	128-133
32044631-3	2020	The obtained ZnO/In2O3 heterostructures were carefully characterized by XRD, SEM, HRTEM, BET and XPS.	Superoxides	17-22	delta/notch like EGF repeat containing	Homo sapiens	89-92
32466166-9	2020	SOD2 expression was reduced upon exposure to B. burgdorferi, suggesting that B. burgdorferi might be responsible for superoxide reduction.	Superoxides	117-127	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
32014500-6	2020	The elevated levels of H2O2 (a biomarker of oxidative stress) and the free radicals (NO  and O2 -) reduced the concentration of dominant pathogens and regulated ROS/RNS/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mTOR pathway by affecting p-AMPK, Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1).	Superoxides	25-27	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1	Homo sapiens	161-197
32014500-6	2020	The elevated levels of H2O2 (a biomarker of oxidative stress) and the free radicals (NO  and O2 -) reduced the concentration of dominant pathogens and regulated ROS/RNS/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mTOR pathway by affecting p-AMPK, Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1).	Superoxides	25-27	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1	Homo sapiens	199-203
32343137-2	2020	Here, we report two different approaches for the preparation of heterometallic superoxide complexes [PhL2CrIII-eta1-O2][MX]2 (PhL = -OPh2SiOSiPh2O-, MX+ = [CoCl]+, [ZnBr]+, [ZnCl]+) starting from the CrII precursor complex [PhL2CrII]Li2(THF)4.	Superoxides	79-89	ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 12	Homo sapiens	233-242
32008372-9	2020	Increased activities of iNOS and NOX1 enzymes at MEPs in obese mice generated higher levels of NO and superoxide radicals, resulting in increased local peroxynitrite formation and subsequent oxidation of the regulatory protein AKAP150 at cysteine 36, to impair AKAP150-TRPV4 channel signaling at MEPs.	Superoxides	102-112	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	33-37
32316268-8	2020	SIN-1 (500 muM, a generator nitric oxide, superoxide and peroxynitrite), which facilitates the cystine-cysteine shuttle mediated by xCT (a glutamate/cystein:cystine/NAC antiporter), did not affect basal GSH concentration in WT and P2X7R knockout (KO) mice.	Superoxides	42-52	mitogen-activated protein kinase associated protein 1	Mus musculus	0-5
32144179-7	2020	Functionally, deletion of Bbeta2 and maintained Drp1 Ser637 phosphorylation improved mitochondrial respiratory capacity, Ca2+ homeostasis, and attenuated superoxide production in response to ischemia and excitotoxicity in vitro and ex vivo Lastly, deletion of Bbeta2 rescued excessive stroke damage associated with dephosphorylation of Drp1 S637 and mitochondrial fission.	Superoxides	154-164	bone area 2	Mus musculus	26-32
31968997-4	2020	This review discusses how mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD2) plays two critical roles in facilitating redox signaling.	Superoxides	40-50	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	62-66
32171979-7	2020	The NSAPP pathway is an oxide transport chain that begins when insulin stimulates NADPH oxidase-4 to generate superoxide (O2 -).	Superoxides	110-120	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	82-97
31877229-9	2020	CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Our data suggested that CD74 ablation protected against LPS-induced cardiac anomalies, O2 - production, inflammation and apoptosis through suppression of autophagy in a Skp2-SUV39H1-mediated mechanism.	Superoxides	117-119	CD74 molecule	Homo sapiens	54-58
32035180-8	2020	Furthermore, we found that Cd inactivation of XIAP pathway was attributed to Cd induction of mitochondrial ROS, as evidenced by using a mitochondrial superoxide indicator MitoSOX and a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant Mito-TEMPO.	Superoxides	150-160	X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis	Rattus norvegicus	46-50
32150794-7	2020	ROS such as hydrogen peroxide and superoxides induce both EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation and eIF2alpha phosphorylation.	Superoxides	34-45	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Mus musculus	92-101
32024700-6	2020	Pstpip2cmo neutrophils display highly elevated superoxide production in response to a range of stimuli.	Superoxides	47-57	proline-serine-threonine phosphatase interacting protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-7
32014991-0	2020	Genome-wide siRNA screening reveals that DCAF4-mediated ubiquitination of optineurin stimulates autophagic degradation of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	128-138	DDB1 and CUL4 associated factor 4	Homo sapiens	41-46
31677610-9	2020	Analyses of the brain oxidative stress factors showed that G-CSF and BMSCs reduced the expression of malondialdehyde and induced the activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and peroxidase ferric reducing ability of plasma.	Superoxides	145-155	colony stimulating factor 3	Rattus norvegicus	59-64
32035445-0	2020	Surface chemistry of 2-propanol and O2 mixtures on SnO2(110) studied with ambient-pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.	Superoxides	36-38	strawberry notch homolog 1	Homo sapiens	51-54
31633519-6	2020	For Mobil-O-Graph pulse pressure less than 43 mm Hg, the DBP difference was 6.3 +- 5.5, and for Mobil-O-Graph pulse pressure more than 50 mm Hg, the SBP difference was 7.4 +- 9.3.	Superoxides	96-109	selenium binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	149-152
31812751-9	2020	As compared with H2O2-treatment alone, the pretreatment of the cells with 100, 200 and 400 mug/mL of GA-g-CMCS significantly increased cell viability, reduced apoptosis and intracellular reactive oxygen species production, and improved membrane integrity and intracellular antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase) activity.	Superoxides	293-303	cerebral malaria susceptibility in CBA/N	Mus musculus	106-110
31952185-7	2020	Moreover, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were significantly enhanced while malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were diminished.	Superoxides	28-38	Superoxide dismutase [Mn] 2, mitochondrial	Caenorhabditis elegans	50-53
31952185-7	2020	Moreover, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were significantly enhanced while malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were diminished.	Superoxides	28-38	Catalase	Caenorhabditis elegans	69-72
31559656-1	2020	Reaction of NacNacAl (NacNac = [DippNC(Me)CHC(Me)NDipp]   ) with one equivalent of benzophenone affords a ketylate species NacNacAl(eta 2 (C,O)-OCPh 2 ) that undergoes easy cyclization reactions with unsaturated substrates.	Superoxides	138-150	DNA polymerase iota	Homo sapiens	132-137
31815328-4	2020	The Fe2 [(2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octahydroxy phthalocyaninato)Cu] MOF composited with I2 (Fe2 -O8 -PcCu/I2 ) serves as a cathode for a Na-I2 battery exhibiting a stable specific capacity of 150 mAh g-1 after 3200 cycles and outperforming the state-of-the-art cathodes for Na-I2 batteries.	Superoxides	93-95	lysine acetyltransferase 8	Homo sapiens	64-67
31586624-5	2020	Apelin-36 also improved the activity of antioxidant system including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH), and decreased the overproduction of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and STR of MPTP-treated mice.	Superoxides	69-79	apelin	Mus musculus	0-6
32841049-6	2020	In addition, TRIM8 knockdown suppressed reactive oxygen species production and elevated the levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase.	Superoxides	102-112	tripartite motif-containing 8	Rattus norvegicus	13-18
33040597-7	2020	CTRP9 overexpression significantly attenuated HG-induced oxidative stress, as proved by decreased levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde, and increased superoxide dismutase activity.	Superoxides	167-177	C1q and TNF related 9	Homo sapiens	0-5
31814573-4	2020	The Cu content and activity of anti- oxidative enzyme Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase, or SOD1, were lower in the lungs of PrPC-knockout mice, suggesting that the anti-oxidative activity of PrPC is probably attributable to its function of activating SOD1 through regulating Cu content in lungs.	Superoxides	60-70	prion protein	Mus musculus	118-122
31814573-4	2020	The Cu content and activity of anti- oxidative enzyme Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase, or SOD1, were lower in the lungs of PrPC-knockout mice, suggesting that the anti-oxidative activity of PrPC is probably attributable to its function of activating SOD1 through regulating Cu content in lungs.	Superoxides	60-70	prion protein	Mus musculus	185-189
31639655-10	2020	Indirect associations were significant for O3 for SBP among women and men and for DBP among men.	Superoxides	43-45	selenium binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	50-53
31914645-10	2020	TRPV4 activation also triggered superoxide release.	Superoxides	32-42	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4	Homo sapiens	0-5
31914690-14	2020	Nupr1 silencing also reduced CSMC apoptosis (by TUNEL assay) as well as decreased O2- level and TBAR concentration.	Superoxides	82-84	nuclear protein 1, transcriptional regulator	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
31855167-2	2019	Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and adaptive servoventilation (ASV) as well as nocturnal oxygen (O2) are proposed treatment modalities of CSA/CSR.	Superoxides	108-110	ERCC excision repair 8, CSA ubiquitin ligase complex subunit	Homo sapiens	149-152
31811262-9	2019	Taken together, our results suggest that eugenol inhibits the generation of superoxide anion by neutrophils via the inhibition of Raf/MEK/ERK1/2/p47phox-phosphorylation pathway.	Superoxides	76-86	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	130-133
31561087-0	2019	In situ and real-time imaging of superoxide anion and peroxynitrite elucidating arginase 1 nitration aggravating hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury.	Superoxides	33-43	arginase, liver	Mus musculus	80-90
31561087-2	2019	Arginase 1 involves in O2-/ONOO- fluctuations and is strongly connected to IR injury.	Superoxides	23-25	arginase, liver	Mus musculus	0-10
31137980-10	2019	Inhibition of hydrogen peroxide production from superoxide anions in the gp91phox-/- status prevented the increased TEWL and decreased skin hydration level noted with degradation of NLRP3 and caspase-1.	Superoxides	48-58	caspase 1	Mus musculus	192-201
31245854-0	2019	Superoxide generation via the NR2B-NMDAR/RasGRF1/NOX2 pathway promotes dendritogenesis.	Superoxides	0-10	glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2B	Homo sapiens	30-34
31245854-11	2019	Together, our data indicate that superoxide production is induced by the NR2B-NMDARs/RasGRF1/NOX2 pathway and promotes dendritogenesis.	Superoxides	33-43	glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2B	Homo sapiens	73-77
31663330-3	2019	Here, aliovalent Sm3+ doped 0.4Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-(0.6-x)PbZrO3-xPbTiO3 piezoelectric ceramics were fabricated by solid state method, where the optimized piezoelectric coefficient d33 = 910 pC/N, dielectric constant epsilonr = 4090 and Curie temperature TC =184  C, were obtained at x=0.352, being attributed to the synergistic contributions from the MPB and enhanced local structural heterogeneity.	Superoxides	45-47	mucin 5B, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming	Homo sapiens	34-37
31591207-1	2019	Mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD2) suppresses tumor initiation but promotes invasion and dissemination of tumor cells at later stages of the disease.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	36-40
31693344-3	2019	We focus on the properties of two "crosstalk" intermediates, SNO- (thionitrite) and SSNO- (perthionitrite, nitrosodisulfide) based in the largely controversial status on their identity and chemistry in aqueous/nonaqueous media, en route to the final products N2O, NO2-, NH2OH/NH3, and S8.	Superoxides	259-262	strawberry notch homolog 1	Homo sapiens	61-64
31752090-7	2019	In support of a role of the oxidative state in the control of lymphocyte activation, exposure of spleen cells to exogenous superoxide induced Cx43 expression, p38 activation and IgG production.	Superoxides	123-133	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	159-162
30847859-6	2019	Most significantly, the hE1o and hE1a now join the hE3 as being able to generate the superoxide/H2O2 in mitochondria.	Superoxides	85-95	aldehyde dehydrogenase 9 family member A1	Homo sapiens	51-54
31506286-5	2019	Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) is a mitochondrial-specific antioxidant enzyme that dismutates superoxide to hydrogen peroxide, which is then converted to water by catalase and glutathione peroxidase.	Superoxides	93-103	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-22
31506286-5	2019	Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) is a mitochondrial-specific antioxidant enzyme that dismutates superoxide to hydrogen peroxide, which is then converted to water by catalase and glutathione peroxidase.	Superoxides	93-103	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	24-28
31575244-2	2019	The concentrator with a movable magnetic plate can enable the DC bias magnetic field (Hdc) to become tunable to meet the needed optimal Hdc of Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9/Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 and to reduce the magnetoresistance of the magnetic loop.	Superoxides	173-175	histidine decarboxylase	Homo sapiens	86-89
31176685-0	2019	The depletion of p38alpha kinase upregulates NADPH oxidase 2/NOX2/gp91 expression and the production of superoxide in mouse embryonic stem cells.	Superoxides	104-114	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	17-25
31329637-7	2019	Whereas loss of the cytosolic FSD1 had little effect, an fsd2 mutant exhibited increased superoxide production, reduced chlorophyll levels, lower PSII efficiency, a lower rate of CO2 assimilation, but elevated non-photochemical quenching (NPQ).	Superoxides	89-99	Fe superoxide dismutase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	57-61
30507840-17	2019	Intrathecal injection of RyR inhibitor lowered mitochondrial superoxide in the spinal cord dorsal horn in the gp120 neuropathic pain model.	Superoxides	61-71	ryanodine receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus	25-28
20399741-8	2010	Moreover, siRNA-mediated knockdown of p47phox inhibited glycated albumin-induced NADPH oxidase activity and superoxide formation.	Superoxides	108-118	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	38-45
20413786-7	2010	Adenoviral gene transfer of Nox4 (AdsiNox4) to PVN (bilateral) attenuated MI-induced superoxide formation in this brain region (day 14) to the same level as that produced by PVN-targeted gene transfer of cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase (AdCu/ZnSOD).	Superoxides	85-95	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	28-32
20353787-2	2010	We further reveal that reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially superoxide radicals, play a crucial role in selenite-induced MnSOD upregulation, with extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) and p53 closely implicated.	Superoxides	65-84	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	126-131
20363848-2	2010	In addition, in vitro data demonstrate that ET-1 increases superoxide levels in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells and that oxidative stress alters NOS activity.	Superoxides	59-69	EDN1	Ovis aries	44-48
20171157-2	2010	The Cytb(558) is the catalytic core of the NADPH-oxidase that generates a superoxide anion from oxygen by using a reducing equivalent provided by NADPH via FAD and two hemes.	Superoxides	74-90	cytochrome b	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	4-8
20074642-5	2010	P-Rex1-dependent superoxide generation in the reconstituted COS(phox) cells was further enhanced by expression of the novel PKC isoform PKCdelta and by overexpression of Akt.	Superoxides	17-27	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	124-127
20074642-5	2010	P-Rex1-dependent superoxide generation in the reconstituted COS(phox) cells was further enhanced by expression of the novel PKC isoform PKCdelta and by overexpression of Akt.	Superoxides	17-27	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	136-144
20532186-4	2010	The purpose of this study was to determine if anticancer modalities known to produce superoxide radicals can increase the antitumor effect of MnSOD overexpression when combined with BCNU.	Superoxides	85-95	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	142-147
20083677-8	2010	Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of NoxA1 in guidewire-injured mouse carotid arteries significantly increased superoxide production in medial VSMCs and enhanced neointimal hyperplasia.	Superoxides	112-122	NADPH oxidase activator 1	Mus musculus	38-43
19685356-1	2010	CONCLUSIONS: The results reported here provide the first evidence of the production of superoxide, a biologically relevant reactive oxygen species (ROS), in human inner ear perilymph (hIP) in pathological conditions, by the activity of the xanthine dehydrogenase/xanthine oxidase (XA/XO) enzyme system.	Superoxides	87-97	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	240-262
19854263-0	2010	PKC-delta controls the fMLF-induced overproduction of superoxide by neutrophils.	Superoxides	54-64	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	0-9
19854263-9	2010	Pharmacological inhibitors of intracellular signals indicated that mechanisms of the excessive fMLF-induced production of O(2)(-) by long-lived neutrophils implicated the protein kinase C (PKC) pathway, preferentially the PKC-delta isoform, whose protein was augmented in these cells.	Superoxides	122-126	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	189-192
19854263-9	2010	Pharmacological inhibitors of intracellular signals indicated that mechanisms of the excessive fMLF-induced production of O(2)(-) by long-lived neutrophils implicated the protein kinase C (PKC) pathway, preferentially the PKC-delta isoform, whose protein was augmented in these cells.	Superoxides	122-126	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	222-231
19837950-0	2010	Direct evidence of a role for Nox2 in superoxide production, reduced nitric oxide bioavailability, and early atherosclerotic plaque formation in ApoE-/- mice.	Superoxides	38-48	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	30-34
19837953-2	2010	NO can combine with superoxide to produce peroxynitrite, which activates matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs).	Superoxides	20-30	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Rattus norvegicus	100-104
19875720-6	2010	This effect was mediated by the inhibition of Nox1 as determined by a range of approaches, including detection of intracellular superoxide, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activity measurements, and siRNA experiments.	Superoxides	128-138	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	46-50
20005509-7	2010	Superoxide as an oxidative stress factor was measured photometrically by the reduction of ferricytochrome C. RESULTS: Vitamin C reduced the cytotoxic effects of P. gingivalis on HGF.	Superoxides	0-10	hepatocyte growth factor	Homo sapiens	178-181
20005509-10	2010	The exposure of HGF to P. gingivalis led to a significant increase of superoxide concentration, but this effect was not influenced by vitamin C.	Superoxides	70-80	hepatocyte growth factor	Homo sapiens	16-19
31216990-10	2019	Besides, both SAA1 siRNA and NOX-4 siRNA could not only enhance the O2- production and NADPH oxidase activity, but also up-regulate the protein expression of NOX4, the release of inflammatory factors, and the levels of p-p38 and p-NF-kappaB p65 in LPS-induced VSMCs.	Superoxides	68-70	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	29-34
30924279-5	2019	Persulfidation of TTP required O2  , which reacts with H2 S to form superoxide, as detected by ESI-MS, a hydroethidine fluorescence assay, and EPR spin trapping.	Superoxides	31-33	ZFP36 ring finger protein	Homo sapiens	18-21
30924279-5	2019	Persulfidation of TTP required O2  , which reacts with H2 S to form superoxide, as detected by ESI-MS, a hydroethidine fluorescence assay, and EPR spin trapping.	Superoxides	68-78	ZFP36 ring finger protein	Homo sapiens	18-21
31151499-2	2019	Nowadays metformin is also use for efficacy in diabetes mellitus-tuberculosis coinfection patients through several mechanisms, such increasing superoxide production therefore activation isoniazid is increasing; inducing adeno-monophosphate kinase (AMPK) associated autophagy process; and regulating inflammation cytokines.	Superoxides	143-153	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Homo sapiens	248-252
30051353-9	2019	Mechanistic studies revealed that increase in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase-2 (NOX2)-dependent superoxide/reactive oxygen species (ROS) production plays a key role in both LPS- and DSP-4-elicited neurotoxicity.	Superoxides	125-135	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	46-107
30051353-9	2019	Mechanistic studies revealed that increase in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase-2 (NOX2)-dependent superoxide/reactive oxygen species (ROS) production plays a key role in both LPS- and DSP-4-elicited neurotoxicity.	Superoxides	125-135	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	109-113
29931336-3	2019	NOX4 is constitutively active producing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as the prevalent ROS detected, whereas other NOX isoforms present in the renal and cardiovascular systems (i.e. NOX1, NOX2 and NOX5) generate superoxide radical anions as main products.	Superoxides	207-225	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	0-4
30223018-1	2018	A genetic analysis of synthetic lethal interactions in yeast revealed that the mutation of SOD1, encoding an antioxidant enzyme that scavenges superoxide anion radical, impaired the growth of a set of mutants defective in homologous recombination (HR) pathway.	Superoxides	143-167	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	91-95
30255990-10	2018	As part of an auto-amplifying loop, mTORC1 is activated, altering mitochondrial homoeostasis and increasing superoxide production.	Superoxides	108-118	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1	Mus musculus	36-42
30066461-6	2018	In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the redistribution of active nNOS molecules from sarcolemma to sarcoplasm not only is ahead of the atrophy of unloaded myofibers, and is induced by increased production of mitochondrial superoxide anion, but also drives FoxO3 activation to initiate muscle atrophy.	Superoxides	230-246	forkhead box O3	Rattus norvegicus	264-269
29351723-10	2018	Switching off/on the UCP2 protonophoretic function might serve as redox signaling either by employing/releasing the extra capacity of cell antioxidant systems or by directly increasing/decreasing mitochondrial superoxide sources.	Superoxides	210-220	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	21-25
29981238-10	2018	CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Angiotensin II in the CNS facilitates micturition reflex by inhibiting central GABAergic activity and activating the AT1 receptor/PLC/PKC/NADPH oxidase/superoxide anion pathway.	Superoxides	182-198	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Rattus norvegicus	147-150
30309285-9	2018	The results indicate that global DMT1 overexpression causes decreased superoxide generation upon stimulation in inflammatory cells, which presumably delayed the promotional stage of crocidolite-induced mesothelial carcinogenesis.	Superoxides	70-80	solute carrier family 11 (proton-coupled divalent metal ion transporters), member 2	Mus musculus	33-37
28601846-6	2018	RESULTS: The impaired superoxide production by patients" neutrophils was associated with a severe deficient expression of the NADPH oxidase catalytic core flavocytochrome-b558 (gp91 phox /NOX2 and p22 phox ), its cytosolic partner p47 phox but not p67 phox .	Superoxides	22-32	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	248-256
29957360-0	2018	Anti-osteoclastic effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester in murine macrophages depends upon the suppression of superoxide anion production through the prevention of an active-Nox1 complex formation.	Superoxides	111-127	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	175-179
29957360-1	2018	This study investigated the anti-osteoclastic effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) through suppression of Nox1-mediated superoxide anions production.	Superoxides	129-146	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	115-119
29957360-10	2018	This study provides evidence that the anti-osteoclastic effect of CAPE depends upon the attenuated superoxide anion production, which is closely related with interruption of an active Nox1 complex formation due to the attenuated catalytic subunit Nox1 expression resulting from suppression of the IKKbeta/IkappaBalpha/NF-kappaB and JNK/AP-1 signaling pathway and the down-regulation of the p47phox subunit translocation to the cell membrane.	Superoxides	99-115	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	247-251
30037352-2	2018	Although mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD2) is the principal defence against the toxicity of superoxide anions, the mechanism of its inactivation in diabetic subjects is still poorly understood.	Superoxides	100-117	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	45-49
29688896-1	2018	The superoxide-generating enzyme Nox2 contributes to hypertension and cardiovascular remodeling triggered by activation of the renin-angiotensin system.	Superoxides	4-14	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	33-37
19747415-4	2010	Serotonin derivatives N-(p-coumaroyl)serotonin and N-feruloylserotonin exerted a protective effect on high glucose-induced cell death, inhibited the activation of caspase-3 which represents the last and crucial step within the cascade of events leading to apoptosis, and inhibited the overproduction of the mitochondrial superoxide, which represents the most dangerous radical produced by hyperglycaemia, by acting as scavengers of the superoxide radical.	Superoxides	321-331	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	163-172
19747415-4	2010	Serotonin derivatives N-(p-coumaroyl)serotonin and N-feruloylserotonin exerted a protective effect on high glucose-induced cell death, inhibited the activation of caspase-3 which represents the last and crucial step within the cascade of events leading to apoptosis, and inhibited the overproduction of the mitochondrial superoxide, which represents the most dangerous radical produced by hyperglycaemia, by acting as scavengers of the superoxide radical.	Superoxides	436-454	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	163-172
19692703-3	2009	A fifth subunit, p40(phox), plays an important role in phagocytosis-induced superoxide production via a phox homology (PX) domain that binds to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(3)P).	Superoxides	76-86	interleukin 9	Homo sapiens	17-20
19696743-5	2009	The p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580, significantly reduced p47(phox) phosphorylation and diminished superoxide production in neutrophils.	Superoxides	97-107	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	4-12
19666846-2	2009	BPA organ cultured for 24 h with 0.1 mM cobalt chloride (CoCl(2)) to increase the expression and activity of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is accompanied by a decrease in 5 microM lucigenin-detectable superoxide and an increase in horseradish peroxidase-luminol detectable peroxide levels.	Superoxides	195-205	heme oxygenase 1	Bos taurus	109-125
19666846-2	2009	BPA organ cultured for 24 h with 0.1 mM cobalt chloride (CoCl(2)) to increase the expression and activity of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is accompanied by a decrease in 5 microM lucigenin-detectable superoxide and an increase in horseradish peroxidase-luminol detectable peroxide levels.	Superoxides	195-205	heme oxygenase 1	Bos taurus	127-131
19666846-8	2009	HO-1-induced BPA rings treated with the copper chelator 10 mM diethyldithiocarbamate to inactivate ecSOD and Cu,Zn-SOD showed increased superoxide and decreased peroxide to levels equal to non-HO-1-induced rings, whereas the addition of SOD to freshly isolated BPA rings attenuated HPV similar to HO-1 induction with CoCl(2).	Superoxides	136-146	heme oxygenase 1	Bos taurus	0-4
19309260-1	2009	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase NOX1 is thought to be involved in signaling by the angiotensin II-receptor AT1R.	Superoxides	4-14	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	40-44
19309265-2	2009	In endothelial cells, Nox4-containing NAD(P)H oxidase complexes have been identified as major sources of superoxide anion (.O(2)(-)) formation.	Superoxides	105-121	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	22-26
29737331-1	2018	Human MnSOD is a homotetramer and represents an essential mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme, which catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide radicals (O2 -) at near diffusion-controlled rates.	Superoxides	127-137	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	6-11
29737331-1	2018	Human MnSOD is a homotetramer and represents an essential mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme, which catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide radicals (O2 -) at near diffusion-controlled rates.	Superoxides	148-150	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	6-11
29609020-2	2018	We here report on NOX1, a non-phagocytic isoform of superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase, which promotes cardiac fibrosis in a drug-induced myocardial injury model.	Superoxides	52-62	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	18-22
29505165-5	2018	The results show that PST rapidly reacts with O2.- to yield a unique quinone methide product.	Superoxides	46-48	sulfotransferase family 1A member 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
29505165-7	2018	The detection limit of PST-NA to O2.- was estimated to be 2.1 nm min-1 over 60 min of detection.	Superoxides	33-35	sulfotransferase family 1A member 1	Homo sapiens	23-26
27018067-6	2016	In addition, the increased production of ROS such as superoxide and hydroxyl radical by PM exposure increases MMPs including MMP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9, resulting in the degradation of collagen.	Superoxides	53-63	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Homo sapiens	132-137
29505165-8	2018	Importantly, PST-NA shows threefold higher sensitivity to O2.- in the presence and absence of ascorbic acid than that of the classic spin-trapping technique.	Superoxides	58-60	sulfotransferase family 1A member 1	Homo sapiens	13-16
29505165-9	2018	In addition, the application of PST-NA to detect extracellular O2.- generation in stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages was also explored.	Superoxides	63-65	sulfotransferase family 1A member 1	Homo sapiens	32-35
29505165-10	2018	This study demonstrates that PST-NA has great potential for specific detection and quantitation of O2.- in extracellular sites.	Superoxides	99-101	sulfotransferase family 1A member 1	Homo sapiens	29-32
29867936-9	2018	On the other hand, superoxide production in heart homogenates was elevated already in 6-month-old Tgalphaq*44 mice and progressively increased to high levels in 14-month-old Tgalphaq*44 mice, while the enzymatic activity of catalase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase was all elevated as early as in 4-month-old Tgalphaq*44 mice and stayed at a similar level in 14-month-old Tgalphaq*44.	Superoxides	19-29	glutathione reductase	Mus musculus	234-255
27033446-2	2016	In thick ascending limbs flow-induced O2 (-)production is mediated byNADPHoxidase 4 (Nox4) and is dependent on protein kinase C (PKC).	Superoxides	38-40	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	85-89
27033446-11	2016	Flow-induced Nox4 translocation to the nucleus may play a role in O2 (-)-dependent changes in thick ascending limbs.	Superoxides	66-72	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	13-17
29734380-7	2018	There was a significant correlation between antimycin A-induced calcium responses and mitochondrial superoxide in wild-type "responding" A1/V1+ neurons, which was eliminated in TRPA1-/- neurons, but not TRPV1-/- neurons.	Superoxides	100-110	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	177-182
26530893-8	2016	The mechanisms of the photocatalytic coagulation oxidation of Ti(SO4)2 are similar to those of UV/crystalline TiO2 particles, involving the formation and reactions of the hydroxyl radical OH and superoxide HO2/O2(-).	Superoxides	195-205	heme oxygenase 2	Homo sapiens	206-209
26530893-8	2016	The mechanisms of the photocatalytic coagulation oxidation of Ti(SO4)2 are similar to those of UV/crystalline TiO2 particles, involving the formation and reactions of the hydroxyl radical OH and superoxide HO2/O2(-).	Superoxides	112-114	heme oxygenase 2	Homo sapiens	206-209
29672130-0	2018	NADPH oxidase 4-derived superoxide mediates flow-stimulated NKCC2 activity in thick ascending limbs.	Superoxides	24-34	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	0-15
26768586-13	2016	We demonstrate that GB decreases superoxide generation and the subsequent apoptosis through reduction of p53-mediated NOX4/p66(shc) pathway via up-regulation of miR214, resulting in attenuation of cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	33-43	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	118-122
29672130-4	2018	We hypothesized that raising luminal flow augments NKCC2 activity by enhancing superoxide ([Formula: see text]) production by NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4).	Superoxides	79-89	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	126-141
26715682-12	2016	Although NOX2 is not constitutively active unlike NOX4 and forms rather superoxide, this opens up the possibility that at least some effects of NOX4 deletion are mediated by NOX2 activation.	Superoxides	72-82	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	9-13
29672130-4	2018	We hypothesized that raising luminal flow augments NKCC2 activity by enhancing superoxide ([Formula: see text]) production by NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4).	Superoxides	79-89	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	143-147
26703450-4	2016	Superoxide anion production increased only at 1 dpi in rIFN-gamma, rIFN-gammarel and rIL-4/13A injected pufferfish.	Superoxides	0-16	interleukin 4	Rattus norvegicus	85-90
26418124-0	2016	Inhibition of Mitochondrial Fission Protein Reduced Mechanical Allodynia and Suppressed Spinal Mitochondrial Superoxide Induced by Perineural Human Immunodeficiency Virus gp120 in Rats.	Superoxides	109-119	Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	171-176
29210363-5	2018	The ROS level was dependent on the nitric oxide and superoxide producers iNOS and NOX1, respectively, suggesting peroxynitrite as the effector molecule.	Superoxides	52-62	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	82-86
26418124-15	2016	Furthermore, both intrathecal Drp1 antisense ODN and mdivi-1 reversed the upregulation of mitochondrial superoxide in the spinal dorsal horn in the gp120 neuropathic pain state.	Superoxides	104-114	Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	148-153
29185481-7	2018	These findings suggest that interactions between METH and the sigma receptor lead to oxidative species (most likely superoxide) that in turn oxidize VMAT2.	Superoxides	116-126	solute carrier family 18 member A2	Homo sapiens	149-154
29431084-1	2016	Nitric oxide (NO) induces apoptosis selectively in NADPH oxidase-1-expressing malignant cells through peroxynitrite formation after the interaction of NO with extracellular superoxide anions.	Superoxides	173-190	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	51-66
29459008-1	2018	BACKGROUND: Superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD2, OMIM: 147460) is involved in the detoxification of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	93-110	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	12-34
26470784-8	2016	Moreover, upregulation of calpain-1 specifically in mitochondria induced the cleavage of ATP5A1, superoxide generation, and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes.	Superoxides	97-107	calpain 1	Mus musculus	26-35
28119757-10	2016	Enzymatic scavenging of the intracellular superoxide at acupoints LI 20 proved to be effective in treating allergic rhinitis, while no improvement was observed with the placebo group and TTN group.	Superoxides	42-52	titin	Homo sapiens	187-190
29459008-1	2018	BACKGROUND: Superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD2, OMIM: 147460) is involved in the detoxification of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	93-110	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	36-40
29348607-9	2018	Furthermore, treatment of ACAD9 deficient cells with JP4-039, a novel mitochondria-targeted reactive oxygen species, electron and radical scavenger, decreased superoxide level and increased basal and maximal respiratory rate, identifying a potential therapeutic intervention opportunity in CI deficiency.	Superoxides	159-169	acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family member 9	Homo sapiens	26-31
26398710-8	2016	FL3 and FL37 protected against TNFalpha-induced mitochondrial superoxide generation by preserving respiratory chain complex I activity and prohibitin expression.	Superoxides	62-72	prohibitin 1	Homo sapiens	139-149
29330382-6	2018	The trigger for SESN2 activation and regulation of Parkin translocation is the generation of mitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	107-117	sestrin 2	Homo sapiens	16-21
26298737-9	2015	RESULTS: Nox2ds-tat inhibited Nox-derived superoxide determined by cytochrome C in carotid arteries (2.3 +- 0.1 vs 1.7 +- 0.1 O2( -) nmol/min*mg protein; P &lt; 0.01) and caused a significant regression in atherosclerotic plaques in aorta (66 +- 6 mum(2) vs 37 +- 1 mum(2); scrmb vs. Nox2ds-tat; P &lt; 0.001).	Superoxides	42-52	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	9-13
26241336-8	2015	Ang II (1 muM, 3 h) induced the expression of nNOS and NADPH oxidase, caused NO and superoxide anion accumulation, thus leading to excessive oxidative stress.	Superoxides	84-100	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	46-50
26337205-9	2015	Inhibiting glycolysis increased superoxide and blocked autophagy in apoptosis-resistant cells, causing p62-dependent caspase-8 activation.	Superoxides	32-42	caspase 8	Homo sapiens	117-126
26246018-9	2015	Upregulation of calpain-1 specifically in mitochondria sufficiently induced superoxide generation and proinflammatory response, both of which were attenuated by ATP5A1 overexpression or mitochondria-targeted superoxide dismutase mimetics.	Superoxides	76-86	calpain 1	Mus musculus	16-25
26139608-9	2015	Superoxide generation also was suppressed in Lrat(-/-) diabetic mice.	Superoxides	0-10	lecithin-retinol acyltransferase (phosphatidylcholine-retinol-O-acyltransferase)	Mus musculus	45-49
26108578-4	2015	We herein demonstrate that mechanical loading promoted mitochondrial superoxide generation and selective Sod2 downregulation in chondrocytes in vivo and that mitochondrial superoxide inducer also downregulated Sod2 expression in chondrocytes in vitro.	Superoxides	172-182	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	210-214
26108578-5	2015	A genetically manipulated model revealed that Sod2 deficiency in chondrocytes also resulted in mitochondrial superoxide overproduction and dysfunction, thus leading to cartilage degeneration.	Superoxides	109-119	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	46-50
26181366-5	2015	Moreover, ectopic overexpression of UCP2 in a HCC cell line with low endogenous UCP2 expression, HLE, significantly decreased mitochondrial superoxide induction by the anti-cancer drug GEM.	Superoxides	140-150	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	36-40
26181366-6	2015	Conversely, UCP2 mRNA silencing by RNA interference in HCC cell lines with high endogenous UCP2 expression significantly enhanced GEM-induced mitochondrial superoxide generation and apoptosis.	Superoxides	156-166	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	12-16
26076008-5	2015	Superoxide production by NOX2 requires the p47(phox) (NCF1) subunit to organize the formation of the NOX2 complex on the cell membrane.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	25-29
26076008-5	2015	Superoxide production by NOX2 requires the p47(phox) (NCF1) subunit to organize the formation of the NOX2 complex on the cell membrane.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	101-105
25962580-4	2015	alpha-MSH and related melanocortins have been shown in rodents and people to impair neutrophil function by decreasing superoxide production (known as oxidative burst activity), migration and adhesion.	Superoxides	118-128	pro-opiomelanocortin	Equus caballus	0-9
26065917-10	2015	Furthermore, NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1) was responsible for superoxide generation and cell proliferation in nLDL-stimulated hAoSMCs.	Superoxides	56-66	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	13-28
26065917-10	2015	Furthermore, NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1) was responsible for superoxide generation and cell proliferation in nLDL-stimulated hAoSMCs.	Superoxides	56-66	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	30-34
25851180-16	2015	HSV vectors expressing GAD67 in the neuropathic rats reversed the increased signals of mitochondrial superoxide in the spinal dorsal horn.	Superoxides	101-111	glutamate decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	23-28
25112514-10	2015	Additionally, hIAPP-induced accumulation of ROS and superoxide was suppressed by co-treatment with Se-SE.	Superoxides	52-62	islet amyloid polypeptide	Homo sapiens	14-19
25740080-8	2015	To this end, It was found that submicromolar NE dose-dependently inhibited NADPH oxidase (NOX2)-generated superoxide, which contributes to the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of NE.	Superoxides	106-116	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	90-94
25697548-6	2015	Exendin-4 and DPP-4 inhibitor linagliptin, but not sitagliptin or vildagliptin, significantly reduced vascular superoxide and improved endothelium-dependent relaxation in the presence of high glucose.	Superoxides	111-121	dipeptidylpeptidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	14-19
25893083-7	2015	nNOS forms nitric oxide (NO), which reacts with superoxide (O2 (-)) to form peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)).	Superoxides	48-58	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
25893083-7	2015	nNOS forms nitric oxide (NO), which reacts with superoxide (O2 (-)) to form peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)).	Superoxides	60-62	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
25893083-11	2015	NADPH oxidase (NOX1) transfers electrons across cellular membranes, producing O2 (-).	Superoxides	78-84	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	15-19
25805929-6	2015	In addition, recent discoveries established a key role of UCP2 in protecting cancer cells from an excessive production of mitochondrial superoxide ions and in the promotion of cancer cell metabolic reprogramming, including aerobic glycolysis stimulation, promotion of cancer progression.	Superoxides	136-146	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	58-62
25750260-0	2015	Novel human homologues of p47phox and p67phox participate in activation of superoxide-producing NADPH oxidases.	Superoxides	75-85	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	38-45
25713188-7	2015	Restoration of mitochondrial function and superoxide production via activation of AMPK has now been associated with improvement in markers of renal, cardiovascular, and neuronal dysfunction with diabetes.	Superoxides	42-52	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1	Homo sapiens	82-86
25713188-8	2015	With this Perspective, approaches that stimulate AMPK and PGC1alpha via exercise, caloric restriction, and medications result in stimulation of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation activity, restore physiologic mitochondrial superoxide production, and promote organ healing.	Superoxides	228-238	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1	Homo sapiens	49-53
25804229-12	2015	In turn, activation of MMPs via superoxide-depending regulation allows tumor cells to facilitate migration, invasion and finally - formation of metastatic centers.	Superoxides	32-42	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Rattus norvegicus	23-27
25322462-3	2015	Secondly, we assessed the cerebrovascular actions of ghrelin-related peptides by examining their effects on vasodilator nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide production.	Superoxides	142-152	ghrelin	Mus musculus	53-60
25520316-0	2015	Superoxide anion radicals induce IGF-1 resistance through concomitant activation of PTP1B and PTEN.	Superoxides	0-25	insulin-like growth factor 1	Mus musculus	33-38
25520316-3	2015	We report here that IGF-1 signalling in vitro and in a murine ageing model in vivo is suppressed in response to accumulation of superoxide anions (O2 -) in mitochondria, either by chemical inhibition of complex I or by genetic silencing of O2 --dismutating mitochondrial Sod2.	Superoxides	128-145	insulin-like growth factor 1	Mus musculus	20-25
25520316-3	2015	We report here that IGF-1 signalling in vitro and in a murine ageing model in vivo is suppressed in response to accumulation of superoxide anions (O2 -) in mitochondria, either by chemical inhibition of complex I or by genetic silencing of O2 --dismutating mitochondrial Sod2.	Superoxides	147-149	insulin-like growth factor 1	Mus musculus	20-25
25520316-3	2015	We report here that IGF-1 signalling in vitro and in a murine ageing model in vivo is suppressed in response to accumulation of superoxide anions (O2 -) in mitochondria, either by chemical inhibition of complex I or by genetic silencing of O2 --dismutating mitochondrial Sod2.	Superoxides	240-242	insulin-like growth factor 1	Mus musculus	20-25
25520316-5	2015	Enhanced O2 - led to activation of the phosphatases PTP1B and PTEN, which via dephosphorylation of the IGF-1 receptor and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate dampened IGF-1 signalling.	Superoxides	9-11	insulin-like growth factor 1	Mus musculus	103-108
25520316-5	2015	Enhanced O2 - led to activation of the phosphatases PTP1B and PTEN, which via dephosphorylation of the IGF-1 receptor and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate dampened IGF-1 signalling.	Superoxides	9-11	insulin-like growth factor 1	Mus musculus	171-176
25520316-6	2015	Genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of PTP1B and PTEN abrogated O2 --induced IGF-1 resistance and rescued the ageing skin phenotype.	Superoxides	65-67	insulin-like growth factor 1	Mus musculus	78-83
25945116-6	2015	Histochemical analysis showed that MAK significantly suppressed superoxide production, neuronal cell death, and vacuolation in the ischemic penumbra, which was accompanied by a decrease in the numbers of TUNEL- or cleaved caspase-3-positive cells.	Superoxides	64-74	male germ cell-associated kinase	Mus musculus	35-38
25834301-5	2015	Superoxide is considered to be a major factor in oxidant toxicity, and mitochondrial MnSOD enzymes constitute an essential defense against superoxide.	Superoxides	139-149	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	85-90
25326132-8	2015	Importantly, we also observed an induction of Notch3 and Hes1 expression in two murine models of muscle atrophy: a doxorubicin-induced cachexia model and an ALS murine model expressing mutated superoxide dismutase 1.	Superoxides	193-203	hes family bHLH transcription factor 1	Mus musculus	57-61
25490417-4	2014	Treatment of hph1 mice with recombinant human EPO (1000 U/kg, subcutaneously for 3 days) significantly decreased superoxide anion production by eNOS and improved BH4 to 7,8-BH2 ratio in aortas.	Superoxides	113-129	hyperphenylalaninemia 1	Mus musculus	13-17
25151272-6	2014	Superoxide anion (O2(.-)) accumulation was measured with the reduction of ferricytochrome c. Compared with the control group, angiotensin II up-regulated expression of PKCbetaII, Pin-1 and PP2A, induced p66(Shc)-Ser(36) phosphorylation, and facilitated p66(Shc) mitochondrial translocation, resulting in O2(.-) accumulation, mitochondrial cytochrome c release, caspase 3 activation, and the inhibition of cell viability.	Superoxides	0-16	protein phosphatase 2 (formerly 2A), catalytic subunit, alpha isoform	Mus musculus	189-193
25047750-10	2014	Last, menadione-induced superoxide generation was inhibited by AMPK pharmacologic activators and by overexpression of PGC-1alpha or FoxO3A.	Superoxides	24-34	peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1 alpha	Mus musculus	118-128
25189573-1	2014	OBJECTIVE: Although nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 2 (NOX2) is reportedly essential for phagocyte host defenses, it has been found to aggravate atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E (Apoe)-null mice through excess production of superoxide.	Superoxides	247-257	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	20-73
25189573-1	2014	OBJECTIVE: Although nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 2 (NOX2) is reportedly essential for phagocyte host defenses, it has been found to aggravate atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E (Apoe)-null mice through excess production of superoxide.	Superoxides	247-257	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	75-79
24953189-1	2014	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), a critical anti-oxidant enzyme, detoxifies the mitochondrial-derived reactive oxygen species, superoxide, elicited through normal respiration or the inflammatory response.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
25041251-3	2014	Cerebral microvessels of hph1 mice demonstrated reduced tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) bioavailability, increased production of superoxide anions and impaired endothelial NO signaling.	Superoxides	123-140	hyperphenylalaninemia 1	Mus musculus	25-29
25209287-4	2014	Mechanistically, the actions of submicromolar levels of SP were NK1R-dependent, whereas subpicomolar SP-elicited actions required microglial NADPH oxidase (NOX2), the key superoxide-producing enzyme, but not NK1R.	Superoxides	171-181	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	156-160
24520084-2	2014	The goal of this study was to investigate whether nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX), a major source of superoxide and subsequent oxidative stress, was differentially regulated in myometrium versus leiomyoma.	Superoxides	127-137	dual oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	50-101
24863436-7	2014	Experiments using mutants and inhibitors demonstrated that superoxide anion (O2 (-)) derived from mitochondria was involved in Al-induced upregulation of AOX1a gene expression.	Superoxides	59-75	alternative oxidase 1A	Arabidopsis thaliana	154-159
24863436-7	2014	Experiments using mutants and inhibitors demonstrated that superoxide anion (O2 (-)) derived from mitochondria was involved in Al-induced upregulation of AOX1a gene expression.	Superoxides	77-79	alternative oxidase 1A	Arabidopsis thaliana	154-159
24516041-2	2014	In this study, we determined whether O2 - generating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX) is differentially expressed in normal peritoneal and adhesion fibroblasts and tissues.	Superoxides	37-39	dual oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	53-104
24567128-1	2014	Superoxide dismutases (SOD) are able to remove the superoxide anion free radicals produced by environmental stress and thereby protect cells from being injured by reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	51-67	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	23-26
24515115-3	2014	However, the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (OGDH), branched-chain 2-oxoacid dehydrogenase (BCKDH), and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complexes are also capable of considerable superoxide/H2O2 production.	Superoxides	174-184	oxoglutarate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	13-41
24515115-3	2014	However, the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (OGDH), branched-chain 2-oxoacid dehydrogenase (BCKDH), and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complexes are also capable of considerable superoxide/H2O2 production.	Superoxides	174-184	oxoglutarate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	43-47
24515115-6	2014	At optimal conditions for each system, superoxide/H2O2 was produced by the OGDH complex at about twice the rate from the PDH complex, four times the rate from the BCKDH complex, and eight times the rate from site IF of complex I.	Superoxides	39-49	oxoglutarate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	75-79
24515115-7	2014	Depending on the substrates present, the dominant sites of superoxide/H2O2 production at the level of NADH may be the OGDH and PDH complexes, but these activities may often be misattributed to complex I.	Superoxides	59-69	oxoglutarate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	118-122
23373897-5	2014	By damaging cells, superoxide and peroxynitrite promote leakage of HMGB1.	Superoxides	19-29	high mobility group box 1	Homo sapiens	67-72
24361341-1	2014	Extensive evidence demonstrates the pathophysiological importance of NOX1, the catalytic subunit of superoxide-generating enzyme NADPH oxidase, as a source of reactive oxygen species in nonphagocytic cells.	Superoxides	100-110	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	69-73
24379178-8	2014	Treatment with azilsartan or Ang-(1-7) attenuated neointimal area, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, increases in the mRNA levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-1beta, and superoxide anion production in the injured artery; however, these inhibitory effects of azilsartan and Ang-(1-7) were less marked in Mas-knockout mice.	Superoxides	234-250	angiogenin, ribonuclease, RNase A family, 5	Mus musculus	29-37
23934545-10	2014	MSE-specific PPARgamma loss resulted in decreased mammary gland expression of PTEN and Bax, increased superoxide anion production, and elevated serum eotaxin and RANTES, creating a protumorigenic environment.	Superoxides	102-118	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	13-22
24366394-6	2014	Furthermore, overexpression of Sirt6 decreased intracellular reactive oxygen species and superoxide anion levels.	Superoxides	89-105	sirtuin 6	Homo sapiens	31-36
24462716-3	2014	At non-cytotoxic concentrations, LAAO induced the superoxide anion production by isolated human neutrophil.	Superoxides	50-66	interleukin 4 induced 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
23688013-11	2014	In addition, genetic deletion of AMPKalpha2 or pharmacological inhibition of AMPK using compound C abrogated leptin or superoxide induced cardiac contractile dysfunction and autophagosome formation.	Superoxides	119-129	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Homo sapiens	33-43
23688013-11	2014	In addition, genetic deletion of AMPKalpha2 or pharmacological inhibition of AMPK using compound C abrogated leptin or superoxide induced cardiac contractile dysfunction and autophagosome formation.	Superoxides	119-129	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Homo sapiens	33-37
23688013-12	2014	In summary, our data revealed that leptin impairs cardiac contractile function through a superoxide generation-AMPK activation-and autophagy dependent mechanism.	Superoxides	89-99	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Homo sapiens	111-115
24180388-6	2014	nNOS was first found to produce superoxide under L-arginine depletion condition.	Superoxides	32-42	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
24187133-2	2013	A peptide that mimics a putative activation domain of the Nox1 activator subunit NOXA1 (NOXA1 docking sequence, also known as NoxA1ds) potently inhibited Nox1-derived superoxide anion (O2 -) production in a reconstituted Nox1 cell-free system, with no effect on Nox2-, Nox4-, Nox5-, or xanthine oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species production as measured by cytochrome c reduction, Amplex Red fluorescence, and electron paramagnetic resonance.	Superoxides	167-183	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	58-62
19438290-3	2009	Nox1 and Nox3 are similar to the phagocytic (Nox2-based) oxidase, functioning as multicomponent superoxide-generating enzymes.	Superoxides	96-106	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
19574557-6	2009	In vitro, Nox2(-/-) endothelial cells exhibit resistance against superoxide induction and improved VEGF-dependent angiogenic activities compared to Nox2(+/+) endothelial cells.	Superoxides	65-75	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	10-14
19740380-11	2009	The IgG4 anti-proteinase 3 was able to induce a dose-dependent release of superoxide, degranulation and adhesion.	Superoxides	74-84	proteinase 3	Homo sapiens	14-26
19602668-0	2009	Stanniocalcin-1 suppresses superoxide generation in macrophages through induction of mitochondrial UCP2.	Superoxides	27-37	stanniocalcin 1	Homo sapiens	0-15
19602668-2	2009	In the current experiments, we sought to determine the impact of STC1 on energy metabolism and superoxide generation in mouse macrophages.	Superoxides	95-105	stanniocalcin 1	Mus musculus	65-69
19602668-4	2009	STC1 induces the expression of mitochondrial UCP2, diminishing mitochondrial membrane potential and superoxide generation; studies in UCP2 null and gp91phox null macrophages suggest that suppression of superoxide by STC1 is UCP2-dependent yet is gp91phox-independent.	Superoxides	100-110	stanniocalcin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
19602668-4	2009	STC1 induces the expression of mitochondrial UCP2, diminishing mitochondrial membrane potential and superoxide generation; studies in UCP2 null and gp91phox null macrophages suggest that suppression of superoxide by STC1 is UCP2-dependent yet is gp91phox-independent.	Superoxides	202-212	stanniocalcin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
19602668-4	2009	STC1 induces the expression of mitochondrial UCP2, diminishing mitochondrial membrane potential and superoxide generation; studies in UCP2 null and gp91phox null macrophages suggest that suppression of superoxide by STC1 is UCP2-dependent yet is gp91phox-independent.	Superoxides	202-212	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	45-49
19602668-4	2009	STC1 induces the expression of mitochondrial UCP2, diminishing mitochondrial membrane potential and superoxide generation; studies in UCP2 null and gp91phox null macrophages suggest that suppression of superoxide by STC1 is UCP2-dependent yet is gp91phox-independent.	Superoxides	202-212	stanniocalcin 1	Homo sapiens	216-220
19602668-5	2009	Furthermore, STC1 blunts the effects of LPS on superoxide generation in macrophages.	Superoxides	47-57	stanniocalcin 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
19602668-8	2009	Our data identify STC1 as a key regulator of superoxide generation in macrophages and suggest that STC1 may profoundly affect the immune/inflammatory response.	Superoxides	45-55	stanniocalcin 1	Homo sapiens	18-22
20137536-4	2009	Myocardial NADPH oxidase activity was evaluated by NADPH dependent superoxide production examined using superoxide dismutase-inhibitable cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	67-77	cytochrome c	Oryctolagus cuniculus	137-149
19442656-5	2009	In in vitro 9,10-PQ reduction by AKR1C3, the reduced product 9,10-dihydroxyphenanthrene and superoxide anions were formed, suggesting the enzymatic two-electron reduction of 9,10-PQ that thereby causes oxidative stress through its redox cycling.	Superoxides	92-109	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3	Homo sapiens	33-39
19429815-3	2009	Our aim was to determine whether NADPH oxidase (Nox) is a source of O(2)(-) and whether glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)-derived NADPH plays a role in augmenting O(2)(-) generation in diabetes.	Superoxides	170-174	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	88-121
19429815-3	2009	Our aim was to determine whether NADPH oxidase (Nox) is a source of O(2)(-) and whether glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)-derived NADPH plays a role in augmenting O(2)(-) generation in diabetes.	Superoxides	170-174	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	123-127
19429815-10	2009	Our findings suggest that in a model of severe hyperlipidema and hyperglycemia Nox-derived O(2)(-) generation in the myocardium is fueled by elevated levels of G6PD-derived NADPH.	Superoxides	91-95	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	160-164
19671250-0	2009	Overexpression of the superoxide anion and NADPH oxidase isoforms 1 and 4 (NOX1 and NOX4) in allergic nasal mucosa.	Superoxides	22-38	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	75-79
19671250-0	2009	Overexpression of the superoxide anion and NADPH oxidase isoforms 1 and 4 (NOX1 and NOX4) in allergic nasal mucosa.	Superoxides	22-38	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	84-88
19671250-4	2009	The cellular source that generated superoxide anion is also localized in the epithelial cells, submucosal glands, vascular endothelium, and inflammatory cells, demonstrating the similar sites of expression of NOX1 and NOX4 in healthy and allergic nasal mucosa and nasal polyps.	Superoxides	35-51	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	209-213
19671250-4	2009	The cellular source that generated superoxide anion is also localized in the epithelial cells, submucosal glands, vascular endothelium, and inflammatory cells, demonstrating the similar sites of expression of NOX1 and NOX4 in healthy and allergic nasal mucosa and nasal polyps.	Superoxides	35-51	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	218-222
19361482-5	2009	nNOS has also been shown to regulate the production of myocardial superoxide, suggesting that this isoform may influence the cardiac response to stretch or ET-1 by altering the NO-redox balance in the myocardium.	Superoxides	66-76	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
19361482-8	2009	Superoxide production (O(2)(-)) was enhanced in nNOS(-/-) myocytes compared to nNOS(+/+); however, this difference was abolished by pre-incubation with apocynin.	Superoxides	0-10	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
19361482-8	2009	Superoxide production (O(2)(-)) was enhanced in nNOS(-/-) myocytes compared to nNOS(+/+); however, this difference was abolished by pre-incubation with apocynin.	Superoxides	0-10	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	79-83
19361482-8	2009	Superoxide production (O(2)(-)) was enhanced in nNOS(-/-) myocytes compared to nNOS(+/+); however, this difference was abolished by pre-incubation with apocynin.	Superoxides	23-27	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
19220254-0	2009	Superoxide from NADPH oxidase as second messenger for the expression of osteopontin and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in renal epithelial cells exposed to calcium oxalate crystals.	Superoxides	0-10	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Rattus norvegicus	72-83
19357503-1	2009	Fc gamma receptor IIA could influence atherogenic processes through the production of superoxide anions, cytokines, and proteolytic enzymes as well as by oxidation of lipoproteins and enhancement of foam cell formation.	Superoxides	86-103	Fc gamma receptor IIa	Homo sapiens	0-21
19251784-2	2009	Peroxynitrite production may result from simultaneous synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide by inducible NO-synthase (iNOS) at low L-arginine concentrations.	Superoxides	89-99	nitric oxide synthase, inducible	Cavia porcellus	103-124
19251784-2	2009	Peroxynitrite production may result from simultaneous synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide by inducible NO-synthase (iNOS) at low L-arginine concentrations.	Superoxides	89-99	nitric oxide synthase, inducible	Cavia porcellus	126-130
19251784-10	2009	In conclusion, in allergen-challenged guinea pigs, the AHR after the LAR is caused by arginase- and polycation-induced attenuation of L-arginine availability to iNOS, which may switch the enzyme to simultaneous production of superoxide and NO, and, consequently, peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	225-235	nitric oxide synthase, inducible	Cavia porcellus	161-165
19542461-5	2009	Regulation was TLR2 specific, and affected NF-kappaB activation, phagocytosis, and superoxide production.	Superoxides	83-93	toll-like receptor 2	Mus musculus	15-19
19451223-1	2009	NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1) is expressed mainly in colon epithelial cells and produces superoxide ions as a primary function.	Superoxides	82-92	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	0-15
19451223-1	2009	NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1) is expressed mainly in colon epithelial cells and produces superoxide ions as a primary function.	Superoxides	82-92	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	17-21
19453511-5	2009	Unlike the wild-type, Col-0, Arabidopsis mutants deficient in ethylene signaling (ein2) or salicylic acid biosynthesis (sid2) generated high levels of superoxide and exhibited visible leaf injury, indicating that ethylene and salicylic acid can reduce ozone damage.	Superoxides	151-161	NRAMP metal ion transporter family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	82-86
19558795-2	2009	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) converts superoxide radical to hydrogen peroxide within the mitochondrial matrix and is one of the most important antioxidant enzymes.	Superoxides	48-66	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
19558795-2	2009	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) converts superoxide radical to hydrogen peroxide within the mitochondrial matrix and is one of the most important antioxidant enzymes.	Superoxides	48-66	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
19558795-4	2009	The alteration of subcellular distribution of MnSOD is dependent on the production of superoxide induced by sodium selenite.	Superoxides	86-96	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	46-51
19232731-0	2009	Vav1 and PI3K are required for phagocytosis of beta-glucan and subsequent superoxide generation by microglia.	Superoxides	74-84	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
19189968-5	2009	ERbeta knockdown cells maintained ATP concentrations despite insults that compromise ATP production and produce less mitochondrial superoxide under oxidative stress.	Superoxides	131-141	estrogen receptor 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	0-6
19168729-4	2009	PDBu appeared to increase superoxide generation by Nox2 through both p47(phox) and peroxide-dependent Src activation mechanisms based on the actions of inhibitors, properties of Src phosphorylation, and the loss of responses in aorta from mice deficient in Nox2 and p47(phox).	Superoxides	26-36	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	51-55
19246645-1	2009	We have previously shown that stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) inhibits the transendothelial migration of macrophages and T cells, suppresses superoxide generation in macrophages, and attenuates macrophage responses to chemoattractants.	Superoxides	132-142	stanniocalcin 1	Mus musculus	30-45
19246645-1	2009	We have previously shown that stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) inhibits the transendothelial migration of macrophages and T cells, suppresses superoxide generation in macrophages, and attenuates macrophage responses to chemoattractants.	Superoxides	132-142	stanniocalcin 1	Mus musculus	47-51
19306099-2	2009	We have studied fibroblasts stably overexpressing manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) with a defined capacity for the removal of superoxide anions and concomitant accumulation of hydrogen peroxide to evaluate the role of enhanced MnSOD activity on the dynamics of cell-matrix interactions in the three-dimensional collagen lattice contraction assay.	Superoxides	132-149	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	50-80
19178557-7	2009	DISCUSSION: Prolonged seizures prompted NO-, O(2)(-)-, and peroxynitrite-dependent reduction in mitochondrial respiratory enzyme Complex I activity, leading to cytochrome c/caspase-3-dependent apoptotic cell death in the hippocampal CA3 subfield after induction of experimental temporal lobe status epilepticus.	Superoxides	45-50	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	173-182
19221207-7	2009	In ATIP1-Tg mice, superoxide anion production and the expression of a proinflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, were markedly attenuated.	Superoxides	18-34	mitochondrial tumor suppressor 1	Mus musculus	3-8
19131585-3	2009	Because steady laminar flow increases the mitochondrial superoxide (O(2)(*-)) production, we hypothesized that mitochondria-derived ROS play a role in shear-induced HO-1 expression.	Superoxides	56-66	heme oxygenase 1	Bos taurus	165-169
19131585-3	2009	Because steady laminar flow increases the mitochondrial superoxide (O(2)(*-)) production, we hypothesized that mitochondria-derived ROS play a role in shear-induced HO-1 expression.	Superoxides	68-76	heme oxygenase 1	Bos taurus	165-169
18952697-5	2009	RESULTS: Anti-PR3 (15 mug/mL) directly stimulated superoxide production and enhanced FMLP-stimulated superoxide production.	Superoxides	50-60	proteinase 3	Homo sapiens	14-17
18952697-5	2009	RESULTS: Anti-PR3 (15 mug/mL) directly stimulated superoxide production and enhanced FMLP-stimulated superoxide production.	Superoxides	101-111	proteinase 3	Homo sapiens	14-17
18952697-6	2009	Anti-PR3 (0.5 mug/mL) did not stimulate superoxide production but did enhance FMLP-stimulated superoxide production.	Superoxides	94-104	proteinase 3	Homo sapiens	5-8
19010334-2	2009	An important enzyme in this process is superoxide dismutase, Sod1, which converts superoxide radicals into water and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	39-49	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	61-65
18983909-2	2009	Here we show that the premature mortality of Drosophila deficient in superoxide scavengers, superoxide dismutase (SOD) 1 or SOD2, is rescued by chronic hypoxia.	Superoxides	69-79	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	92-120
18988766-0	2009	Blockade of AT1 receptor partially restores vasoreactivity, NOS expression, and superoxide levels in cerebral and carotid arteries of hindlimb unweighting rats.	Superoxides	80-90	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Rattus norvegicus	12-15
18792915-0	2009	p38-MAPK- and caspase-3-mediated superoxide-induced apoptosis of rat hepatic stellate cells: reversal by retinoic acid.	Superoxides	33-43	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
18792915-0	2009	p38-MAPK- and caspase-3-mediated superoxide-induced apoptosis of rat hepatic stellate cells: reversal by retinoic acid.	Superoxides	33-43	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	14-23
18792915-7	2009	In contrast, superoxide caused caspase-3 and p38-MAPK activation, reduction in Bcl-xL expression, and apoptosis in aHSCs.	Superoxides	13-23	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	31-40
18792915-7	2009	In contrast, superoxide caused caspase-3 and p38-MAPK activation, reduction in Bcl-xL expression, and apoptosis in aHSCs.	Superoxides	13-23	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	45-48
18792915-7	2009	In contrast, superoxide caused caspase-3 and p38-MAPK activation, reduction in Bcl-xL expression, and apoptosis in aHSCs.	Superoxides	13-23	Bcl2-like 1	Rattus norvegicus	79-85
18792915-8	2009	Inhibition of caspase-3 and p38-MAPK did not affect the viability of qHSCs in the absence or presence of superoxide, but inhibited superoxide-induced death of aHSCs.	Superoxides	131-141	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	14-23
18792915-8	2009	Inhibition of caspase-3 and p38-MAPK did not affect the viability of qHSCs in the absence or presence of superoxide, but inhibited superoxide-induced death of aHSCs.	Superoxides	131-141	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	28-31
18792915-11	2009	Incubation of 13-cis-retinoic acid (RA)-treated aHSCs with superoxide increased their GSH content significantly, and prevented superoxide-induced p38-MAPK and caspase-3 activation while dramatically reducing the extent of apoptosis.	Superoxides	59-69	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	146-149
18792915-11	2009	Incubation of 13-cis-retinoic acid (RA)-treated aHSCs with superoxide increased their GSH content significantly, and prevented superoxide-induced p38-MAPK and caspase-3 activation while dramatically reducing the extent of apoptosis.	Superoxides	59-69	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	159-168
18792915-11	2009	Incubation of 13-cis-retinoic acid (RA)-treated aHSCs with superoxide increased their GSH content significantly, and prevented superoxide-induced p38-MAPK and caspase-3 activation while dramatically reducing the extent of apoptosis.	Superoxides	127-137	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	146-149
18792915-11	2009	Incubation of 13-cis-retinoic acid (RA)-treated aHSCs with superoxide increased their GSH content significantly, and prevented superoxide-induced p38-MAPK and caspase-3 activation while dramatically reducing the extent of apoptosis.	Superoxides	127-137	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	159-168
18792915-13	2009	These results suggest that the absence of retinoids render aHSCs susceptible to superoxide-induced apoptosis via caspase-3 and p38-MAPK activation.	Superoxides	80-90	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	113-122
18792915-13	2009	These results suggest that the absence of retinoids render aHSCs susceptible to superoxide-induced apoptosis via caspase-3 and p38-MAPK activation.	Superoxides	80-90	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	127-130
19714290-7	2009	RESULTS: IL-10 significantly inhibited IFN-gamma- or TNF-alpha-induced up-regulation of superoxide-producing activity in T84 cells by suppressing expression of Nox1 mRNA and protein.	Superoxides	88-98	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	160-164
20375610-0	2009	The domain organization of p67 phox, a protein required for activation of the superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase in phagocytes.	Superoxides	78-88	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	27-35
20375610-2	2009	In activation of the oxidase, the multidomain protein p67(phox)plays a central role: it translocates to the membrane as a ternary complex with p47(phox)and p40(phox), and interacts with the small GTPase Rac to assemble with the membrane-integrated catalytic protein gp91(phox), leading to superoxide production.	Superoxides	289-299	interleukin 9	Homo sapiens	156-159
24187133-2	2013	A peptide that mimics a putative activation domain of the Nox1 activator subunit NOXA1 (NOXA1 docking sequence, also known as NoxA1ds) potently inhibited Nox1-derived superoxide anion (O2 -) production in a reconstituted Nox1 cell-free system, with no effect on Nox2-, Nox4-, Nox5-, or xanthine oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species production as measured by cytochrome c reduction, Amplex Red fluorescence, and electron paramagnetic resonance.	Superoxides	167-183	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	154-158
24187133-2	2013	A peptide that mimics a putative activation domain of the Nox1 activator subunit NOXA1 (NOXA1 docking sequence, also known as NoxA1ds) potently inhibited Nox1-derived superoxide anion (O2 -) production in a reconstituted Nox1 cell-free system, with no effect on Nox2-, Nox4-, Nox5-, or xanthine oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species production as measured by cytochrome c reduction, Amplex Red fluorescence, and electron paramagnetic resonance.	Superoxides	167-183	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	154-158
24187133-2	2013	A peptide that mimics a putative activation domain of the Nox1 activator subunit NOXA1 (NOXA1 docking sequence, also known as NoxA1ds) potently inhibited Nox1-derived superoxide anion (O2 -) production in a reconstituted Nox1 cell-free system, with no effect on Nox2-, Nox4-, Nox5-, or xanthine oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species production as measured by cytochrome c reduction, Amplex Red fluorescence, and electron paramagnetic resonance.	Superoxides	167-183	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	269-273
24187133-2	2013	A peptide that mimics a putative activation domain of the Nox1 activator subunit NOXA1 (NOXA1 docking sequence, also known as NoxA1ds) potently inhibited Nox1-derived superoxide anion (O2 -) production in a reconstituted Nox1 cell-free system, with no effect on Nox2-, Nox4-, Nox5-, or xanthine oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species production as measured by cytochrome c reduction, Amplex Red fluorescence, and electron paramagnetic resonance.	Superoxides	185-187	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	58-62
24187133-2	2013	A peptide that mimics a putative activation domain of the Nox1 activator subunit NOXA1 (NOXA1 docking sequence, also known as NoxA1ds) potently inhibited Nox1-derived superoxide anion (O2 -) production in a reconstituted Nox1 cell-free system, with no effect on Nox2-, Nox4-, Nox5-, or xanthine oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species production as measured by cytochrome c reduction, Amplex Red fluorescence, and electron paramagnetic resonance.	Superoxides	185-187	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	154-158
24187133-2	2013	A peptide that mimics a putative activation domain of the Nox1 activator subunit NOXA1 (NOXA1 docking sequence, also known as NoxA1ds) potently inhibited Nox1-derived superoxide anion (O2 -) production in a reconstituted Nox1 cell-free system, with no effect on Nox2-, Nox4-, Nox5-, or xanthine oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species production as measured by cytochrome c reduction, Amplex Red fluorescence, and electron paramagnetic resonance.	Superoxides	185-187	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	154-158
24187133-2	2013	A peptide that mimics a putative activation domain of the Nox1 activator subunit NOXA1 (NOXA1 docking sequence, also known as NoxA1ds) potently inhibited Nox1-derived superoxide anion (O2 -) production in a reconstituted Nox1 cell-free system, with no effect on Nox2-, Nox4-, Nox5-, or xanthine oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species production as measured by cytochrome c reduction, Amplex Red fluorescence, and electron paramagnetic resonance.	Superoxides	185-187	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	269-273
24072007-0	2013	Nox2-derived superoxide contributes to cerebral vascular dysfunction in diet-induced obesity.	Superoxides	13-23	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	0-4
24072007-8	2013	Genetic studies revealed that Nox2-derived superoxide plays a major role in endothelial dysfunction produced by a HFD.	Superoxides	43-53	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	30-34
23813804-6	2013	In contrast, cells subjected to CTNS gene inhibition demonstrated decreased total glutathione content, increased superoxide levels, unaltered oxidative stress index, unaltered catalase activity, induction of superoxide dismutase activity and normal ATP generation.	Superoxides	113-123	cystinosin, lysosomal cystine transporter	Homo sapiens	32-36
23957209-0	2013	Phosphorylation of Noxo1 at threonine 341 regulates its interaction with Noxa1 and the superoxide-producing activity of Nox1.	Superoxides	87-97	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	120-124
23957209-1	2013	UNLABELLED: Superoxide production by Nox1, a member of the Nox family NAPDH oxidases, requires expression of its regulatory soluble proteins Noxo1 (Nox organizer 1) and Noxa1 (Nox activator 1) and is markedly enhanced upon cell stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a potent activator of protein kinase C (PKC).	Superoxides	12-22	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	37-41
23957209-6	2013	Thus phosphorylation of Noxo1 at Thr341 appears to play a crucial role in PMA-elicited activation of Nox1, providing a molecular link between PKC-mediated signal transduction and Nox1-catalyzed superoxide production.	Superoxides	194-204	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	101-105
23957209-6	2013	Thus phosphorylation of Noxo1 at Thr341 appears to play a crucial role in PMA-elicited activation of Nox1, providing a molecular link between PKC-mediated signal transduction and Nox1-catalyzed superoxide production.	Superoxides	194-204	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	179-183
24159377-8	2013	This superoxide increase was inhibited by the gp91 ds-tat and ERK 1/2 inhibitor (PD98059).	Superoxides	5-15	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	62-69
24159377-9	2013	In conclusion, adenosine-induced increase in CF in isolated heart involves Nox2-generated superoxide, possibly through ERK 1/2 phosphorylation with subsequent p47-phox subunit phosphorylation.	Superoxides	90-100	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	75-79
24159377-9	2013	In conclusion, adenosine-induced increase in CF in isolated heart involves Nox2-generated superoxide, possibly through ERK 1/2 phosphorylation with subsequent p47-phox subunit phosphorylation.	Superoxides	90-100	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	119-126
23819597-1	2013	The hypothesis that mitochondrial dysfunction and increased superoxide levels in thymocytes over expressing Bax (Lck-Bax1 and Lck-Bax38&amp;1) contributes to lymphomagenesis after low-dose radiation was tested.	Superoxides	60-70	lymphocyte protein tyrosine kinase	Mus musculus	113-116
23819597-6	2013	Sirt3(-/-)/Lck-Bax38&amp;1 mice demonstrated significant increases in thymocyte superoxide levels and acceleration of lymphomagenesis (P &lt; 0.001).	Superoxides	80-90	lymphocyte protein tyrosine kinase	Mus musculus	11-14
23339688-25	2013	In an O2-dependent reaction, [GalE-NADH] reduces the stable radical UDP-TEMPO with production of superoxide radical.	Superoxides	6-8	UDP-galactose-4-epimerase	Homo sapiens	30-34
23339688-25	2013	In an O2-dependent reaction, [GalE-NADH] reduces the stable radical UDP-TEMPO with production of superoxide radical.	Superoxides	97-115	UDP-galactose-4-epimerase	Homo sapiens	30-34
29330382-7	2018	Scavenging of mitochondrial superoxide lower the levels of SESN2, resulting in retardation of Parkin translocation.	Superoxides	28-38	sestrin 2	Homo sapiens	59-64
29183727-1	2018	The membrane bound cytochrome b558 composed of gp91-phox and p22-phox proteins, and cytosolic proteins p40-, p47-and p67-phox are important components of superoxide (O2-)-generating system in phagocytes.	Superoxides	154-164	interleukin 9	Homo sapiens	103-106
23624625-0	2013	Mitochondrial-localized NADPH oxidase 4 is a source of superoxide in angiotensin II-stimulated neurons.	Superoxides	55-65	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	24-39
23624625-9	2013	Additionally, adenoviral-encoded small interfering RNA for Nox4 (AdsiNox4) caused a robust knockdown in Nox4 mRNA and protein levels, which led to the attenuation of ANG II-induced mitochondrial O2 - production.	Superoxides	195-197	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	59-63
23624625-9	2013	Additionally, adenoviral-encoded small interfering RNA for Nox4 (AdsiNox4) caused a robust knockdown in Nox4 mRNA and protein levels, which led to the attenuation of ANG II-induced mitochondrial O2 - production.	Superoxides	195-197	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	69-73
23624625-11	2013	Collectively, these data suggest that Nox4 is a source of O2 - in neuron mitochondria that contributes to ANG II intraneuronal signaling.	Superoxides	58-60	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	38-42
29183727-1	2018	The membrane bound cytochrome b558 composed of gp91-phox and p22-phox proteins, and cytosolic proteins p40-, p47-and p67-phox are important components of superoxide (O2-)-generating system in phagocytes.	Superoxides	166-168	interleukin 9	Homo sapiens	103-106
29414428-9	2018	These results show that Akt/GSK-3beta/PKCepsilon/eNOS-dependent pathways-mediated superoxide production and apoptosis appear as important factors involved in the observed gender differences.	Superoxides	82-92	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Rattus norvegicus	28-37
23459072-8	2013	Angiotensin II-stimulated superoxide was substantially less in arteries from Nox2-deficient (Nox2(-/y)) versus WT mice (P&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	26-36	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	77-81
23776393-0	2013	Contradictory Effects of Superoxide and Hydrogen Peroxide on KCa3.1 in Human Endothelial Cells.	Superoxides	25-35	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily N member 4	Homo sapiens	61-67
23611775-2	2013	Down-regulation of the mitochondrial enzyme superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) contributes to the stabilization of HIF-1alpha under hypoxia due to the decreased dismutation of superoxide radical.	Superoxides	171-189	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	44-66
23611775-2	2013	Down-regulation of the mitochondrial enzyme superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) contributes to the stabilization of HIF-1alpha under hypoxia due to the decreased dismutation of superoxide radical.	Superoxides	171-189	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	68-72
23691105-11	2013	Ang II-infusion was associated with increased oxidative stress as indicated by increased NAD(P)H oxidase activity and super oxide production in the PVN, which was prevented by inhibition of TNF.	Superoxides	118-129	tumor necrosis factor-like	Rattus norvegicus	190-193
23525089-5	2013	Accordingly, Ulk1(-/-) cells exhibited enhanced mitochondrial production of superoxide and activation of caspase-1.	Superoxides	76-86	unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
23261940-0	2013	NADPH oxidase 2-derived superoxide downregulates endothelial KCa3.1 in preeclampsia.	Superoxides	24-34	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily N member 4	Homo sapiens	61-67
23261940-8	2013	Oxidized LDL and the superoxide donor xanthine/xanthine oxidase mixture induced KCa3.1 downregulation.	Superoxides	21-31	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily N member 4	Homo sapiens	80-86
23354121-9	2013	We thus demonstrate for the first time that UCP2, functional due to fatty acids released by redox-activated mt-iPLA2gamma, suppresses mitochondrial superoxide production by its uncoupling action.	Superoxides	148-158	patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 8	Mus musculus	111-121
23410942-10	2013	In human endothelial cells, JunD knockdown exerted a similar impairment of the O2(-)/nitric oxide balance that was prevented by concomitant NADPH inhibition.	Superoxides	79-84	JunD proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	28-32
23200808-3	2013	As the activation of both types of ET-1 receptor (ETA and ETB) leads to increased generation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, this may contribute to the severe oxidative stress found in PH patients.	Superoxides	96-106	endothelin receptor type A	Homo sapiens	50-53
23261430-3	2013	TGFbeta(1) stimulated collagen synthesis and hydrogen peroxide generation in mouse cardiac fibroblasts, and both responses were attenuated by a scavenger of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide (EUK-134).	Superoxides	157-167	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	0-10
23139420-5	2013	We reveal that S-glutathionylation of eNOS, by exposure to either 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) or glutathione reductase-specific siRNA, results in diminished NO production and elevated eNOS-derived superoxide production, along with a concomitant reduction in BH4 levels and BH4:7,8-dihydrobiopterin ratio.	Superoxides	213-223	glutathione-disulfide reductase	Homo sapiens	113-134
23800993-5	2013	Superoxide anions and intracellular pH were elevated with Ang II treatment.	Superoxides	0-17	angiogenin, ribonuclease, RNase A family, 5	Mus musculus	58-61
23766558-2	2013	We could previously show that the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 acts as a negative regulator in endothelial superoxide production.	Superoxides	105-115	protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 6	Mus musculus	55-60
23202294-6	2013	This activation promoted formation of peroxynitrite, a reaction product of nitric oxide with superoxide, which was derived from NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4).	Superoxides	93-103	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	128-143
23202294-6	2013	This activation promoted formation of peroxynitrite, a reaction product of nitric oxide with superoxide, which was derived from NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4).	Superoxides	93-103	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	145-149
23000059-0	2012	Estrogen receptor potentiates mTORC2 signaling in breast cancer cells by upregulating superoxide anions.	Superoxides	86-103	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 2	Mus musculus	30-36
23000059-7	2012	Additional studies revealed that augmented O(2)( -) levels in breast cancer specimens coincided with mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) hyperactivation.	Superoxides	43-47	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 2	Mus musculus	142-148
23000059-12	2012	Taken together, our findings unravel a novel nongenomic pathway unique to estrogen-responsive breast cancer cells wherein, upon stimulation by E2, ER may regulate mTORC2 activity in a redox-dependent manner by transiently modulating O(2)( -) levels particularly within mitochondria.	Superoxides	233-237	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 2	Mus musculus	163-169
23000060-8	2012	These results provide evidence indicating that in addition to the enzymatic action of detoxifying superoxide, the antioxidant MnSOD may function as a signaling regulator in stress-induced adaptive protection through cell survival pathways.	Superoxides	98-108	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	126-131
22933115-7	2012	The enhanced secretory function in Nox2-deficient islets was associated with both lower superoxide levels and elevated cAMP concentrations.	Superoxides	88-98	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	35-39
23181133-8	2012	Moreover, hUCP2 overexpression inhibited the production of superoxide and increased the bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO).	Superoxides	59-69	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	10-15
22708893-5	2012	In parallel, we found that MPP(+) only modestly increased oxidation of hydroethidine as a diagnostic marker of superoxide production in these cells.	Superoxides	111-121	M-phase phosphoprotein 6	Homo sapiens	27-30
22575170-10	2012	Collectively, these findings showed that many of the observed features associated with mitochondrial superoxide-induced cell death, including caspase independency, rapid depletion of ATP level, mitochondrial release of AIF and Endo G, and mitochondrial swelling, are distinctly different from those of apoptosis; instead they resemble some of the known features of necroptosis.	Superoxides	101-111	endonuclease G	Mus musculus	227-233
22580300-8	2012	Under H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative stress, UCP4 knockdown significantly increased superoxide levels, decreased reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, and increased oxidized glutathione levels, compared to controls.	Superoxides	80-90	solute carrier family 25 member 27	Homo sapiens	41-45
22580300-9	2012	UCP4 expression induced by c-Rel overexpression significantly decreased superoxide levels and preserved GSH levels and MMP under similar stress.	Superoxides	72-82	solute carrier family 25 member 27	Homo sapiens	0-4
22554771-13	2012	It is suggested that omentin inhibits TNF-alpha-induced VCAM-1 expression via preventing the activation of p38 and JNK at least in part through inhibition of superoxide production.	Superoxides	158-168	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	56-62
22753718-2	2012	As a hallmark of the transformed state, extracellular superoxide anions generated by NADPH oxidase1 (NOX1) are centrally involved in the control of the transformed state.	Superoxides	54-71	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	85-99
22753718-2	2012	As a hallmark of the transformed state, extracellular superoxide anions generated by NADPH oxidase1 (NOX1) are centrally involved in the control of the transformed state.	Superoxides	54-71	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	101-105
22957419-17	2012	DIA-2 could also efficiently scavenge the super oxide radical generated from PMS/NADH-NBT system showing an IC50 value 69.99 microg/ml, the IC50 value of ASE (157.7 microg/ml), LSE (20.43 microg/ml), and ascorbic acid (49.64 microg/ml) used as positive control.	Superoxides	42-61	low set ears	Mus musculus	177-180
22726689-0	2012	Ebselen and congeners inhibit NADPH oxidase 2-dependent superoxide generation by interrupting the binding of regulatory subunits.	Superoxides	56-66	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	30-45
22469513-5	2012	Ectopic expression of mitochondrial superoxide scavenging enzyme (MnSOD) or treatment with MnSOD mimetic (MnTBAP) inhibited DOX-induced superoxide generation and apoptosis.	Superoxides	36-46	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	66-71
22469513-5	2012	Ectopic expression of mitochondrial superoxide scavenging enzyme (MnSOD) or treatment with MnSOD mimetic (MnTBAP) inhibited DOX-induced superoxide generation and apoptosis.	Superoxides	136-146	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	66-71
22469513-5	2012	Ectopic expression of mitochondrial superoxide scavenging enzyme (MnSOD) or treatment with MnSOD mimetic (MnTBAP) inhibited DOX-induced superoxide generation and apoptosis.	Superoxides	136-146	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	91-96
22542467-4	2012	In cardiac mitochondria isolated from transgenic (TG) mice with cardiac-specific overexpression of Hsp22, mitochondrial basal, ADP-dependent, and uncoupled O2 consumption was increased in the presence of either glucidic or lipidic substrates.	Superoxides	156-158	heat shock protein 8	Mus musculus	99-104
22542467-7	2012	Hsp22-induced increase in O2 consumption was abolished either by pretreatment of TG mice with the NO synthase inhibitor L-N(G)-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME) or in isolated mitochondria by the NO scavenger phenyltetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide.	Superoxides	26-28	heat shock protein 8	Mus musculus	0-5
22561706-5	2012	The major antioxidant enzyme that scavenges superoxide anion radical in mitochondria is manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD).	Superoxides	44-68	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	88-118
22561706-5	2012	The major antioxidant enzyme that scavenges superoxide anion radical in mitochondria is manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD).	Superoxides	44-68	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	120-125
22484619-7	2012	Indeed, n(omega)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) or a selective nNOS inhibitor, S-methyl-l-thiocitrulline (SMTC) increased NADPH oxidase production of superoxide/ROS(i) and abolished faster myocyte relaxation induced by Ang II.	Superoxides	158-168	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	71-75
22624839-8	2012	However, nNOS protein expression was up-regulated 2-fold by BRL, and the suppressive effect of BRL on superoxide generation was abrogated by acute nNOS inhibition.	Superoxides	102-112	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	147-151
22098189-12	2012	CONCLUSION: We provide evidence that dopaminergic neurons are equipped with the Nox1/Rac1 superoxide-generating system.	Superoxides	90-100	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	80-84
22362403-6	2012	In normal swine, MPG resulted in coronary vasodilation as evidenced by an increased coronary venous O(2) tension, and trends toward increased coronary venous O(2) saturation and decreased myocardial O(2) extraction.	Superoxides	100-104	N-methylpurine DNA glycosylase	Sus scrofa	17-20
22362403-6	2012	In normal swine, MPG resulted in coronary vasodilation as evidenced by an increased coronary venous O(2) tension, and trends toward increased coronary venous O(2) saturation and decreased myocardial O(2) extraction.	Superoxides	158-162	N-methylpurine DNA glycosylase	Sus scrofa	17-20
22362403-6	2012	In normal swine, MPG resulted in coronary vasodilation as evidenced by an increased coronary venous O(2) tension, and trends toward increased coronary venous O(2) saturation and decreased myocardial O(2) extraction.	Superoxides	158-162	N-methylpurine DNA glycosylase	Sus scrofa	17-20
22500511-10	2012	In summary, chronic PPARgamma stimulation leads to depolarization of the inner membrane and reduced superoxide of isolated heart mitochondria, which was critically dependent on increased expression of UCP-2.	Superoxides	100-110	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	20-29
22056415-3	2012	First, Hv1 channels maintain a physiological membrane potential during the respiratory burst of neutrophils by providing a compensating charge for the electrons transferred by NOX2 from NADPH to superoxide.	Superoxides	195-205	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	176-180
21384152-9	2012	Results from spectroscopy assays indicate that HT in the presence of peroxidases can undergo catechol-semiquinone-quinone redox cycling generating superoxide, which in a cellular context can activate the antioxidant system, e.g., MnSOD expression.	Superoxides	147-157	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	230-235
22178385-9	2012	Cell-free oxidase assays showed that recombinant Prdx6 did not alter the Km for NADPH, but increased the Vmax for O2- production in a saturable, Prdx6 concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	114-116	peroxiredoxin 6	Homo sapiens	49-54
22946340-2	2012	To determine if Nox4 superoxide generation contributes to drug resistance, we assayed in vitro drug cytotoxicity following Nox4 shRNA silencing in human renal cancer cells.	Superoxides	21-31	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	16-20
23149576-0	2012	Class-IA phosphoinositide 3-kinase p110beta Triggers GPCR-induced superoxide production in p110gamma-deficient murine neutrophils.	Superoxides	66-76	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta	Mus musculus	35-43
23149576-0	2012	Class-IA phosphoinositide 3-kinase p110beta Triggers GPCR-induced superoxide production in p110gamma-deficient murine neutrophils.	Superoxides	66-76	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma	Mus musculus	91-100
23149576-4	2012	These results suggested that the class-IA isoforms (p110alpha, p110beta, and p110delta) of PI3K are sufficient to trigger and maintain superoxide production.	Superoxides	135-145	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta	Mus musculus	63-71
22172488-5	2012	Treatment with Tempol (4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl), a SOD mimetic, not only lowered cellular superoxide levels but also concomitantly attenuated AR transcriptional activity and AR target gene expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner, in the presence and absence of dihydrotestosterone, the major endogenous AR agonist.	Superoxides	113-123	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	74-77
21899432-1	2011	Gene therapy-mediated overexpression of superoxide dismutases (SOD) appears to be a promising strategy for modulating radiosensitivity based on detoxification of superoxide radicals and suppression of apoptosis.	Superoxides	162-181	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	63-66
21899432-5	2011	A six- to eightfold increase in SOD activity was observed after transduction, rendering MnSOD-overexpressing TK6 cells significantly more resistant to paraquat-induced superoxide radical production than controls.	Superoxides	168-186	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-35
21899432-5	2011	A six- to eightfold increase in SOD activity was observed after transduction, rendering MnSOD-overexpressing TK6 cells significantly more resistant to paraquat-induced superoxide radical production than controls.	Superoxides	168-186	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	88-93
21978170-4	2011	L10 induction of the THP-1 cell differentiation, superoxide production, and cytokine production followed the TLR-4/MyD88/IKK/NFkappaB pathway.	Superoxides	49-59	ribosomal protein L10	Homo sapiens	0-3
21978170-5	2011	Coculture of irradiated human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells with L10-activated THP-1 cells resulted in significantly decreased percentage of viable A549 cells from 66 to 37% (p = 0.018), increased levels of superoxide, interleukin-8, and RANTES, and decreased levels of angiogenin and vascular endothelial growth factor.	Superoxides	208-218	ribosomal protein L10	Homo sapiens	66-69
21981804-0	2011	Superoxide anion contributes to the induction of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) through activation of the MKK3/6-p38 MAPK cascade in rat microglia.	Superoxides	0-16	mitogen activated protein kinase kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	114-118
21981804-0	2011	Superoxide anion contributes to the induction of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) through activation of the MKK3/6-p38 MAPK cascade in rat microglia.	Superoxides	0-16	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	121-129
21833043-5	2011	RESULTS: At resting state, the superoxide production in aortic and cardiac tissues was lower in cyclo-oxygenase-2 deficient than in the wild type or in cyclo-oxygenase-1 deficient mice.	Superoxides	31-41	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	96-113
21833043-9	2011	CONCLUSIONS: Cyclo-oxygenase-2 pathway plays a major role in the superoxide generation as well as in the angiotensin II-induced oxidative stress and blood pressure.	Superoxides	65-75	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	13-30
21659534-5	2011	Selectively targeting tMPT/superoxide flash activity by manipulating cyclophilin D expression or scavenging mitochondrial ROS markedly impacted the progression of selenite-induced apoptosis while exerting little effect on the global ROS response.	Superoxides	27-37	peptidylprolyl isomerase D	Homo sapiens	69-82
21659534-6	2011	Furthermore, the tMPT/superoxide flash served as a convergence point for pro- and anti-apoptotic regulation mediated by cyclophilin D and Bcl-2 proteins.	Superoxides	22-32	peptidylprolyl isomerase D	Homo sapiens	120-133
21550412-3	2011	Loss or oxidation of BH4 to 7,8-dihydrobiopterin (BH2) is associated with NOS uncoupling, resulting in the production of superoxide rather than NO.	Superoxides	121-131	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-131	Mus musculus	50-53
18714161-7	2009	Inhibition of superoxide was associated with a decreased Bax/Bcl-xL ratio, and caspase-3 and -9 expression.	Superoxides	14-24	Bcl2-like 1	Rattus norvegicus	61-67
18714161-7	2009	Inhibition of superoxide was associated with a decreased Bax/Bcl-xL ratio, and caspase-3 and -9 expression.	Superoxides	14-24	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	79-95
18987137-8	2009	The induction of MnSOD expression was dependent on vFLIP/K13-mediated activation of NF-kappaB, occurred in a cell-intrinsic manner, and was correlated with decreased intracellular superoxide accumulation and increased resistance of endothelial cells to superoxide-induced death.	Superoxides	180-190	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	17-22
18987137-8	2009	The induction of MnSOD expression was dependent on vFLIP/K13-mediated activation of NF-kappaB, occurred in a cell-intrinsic manner, and was correlated with decreased intracellular superoxide accumulation and increased resistance of endothelial cells to superoxide-induced death.	Superoxides	253-263	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	17-22
19348906-1	2009	Cytochrome b is a pivotal protein subunit of the cytochrome bc(1) complex and forms the ubiquinol oxidation site in the enzyme that is generally thought to be the primary site where electrons are aberrantly diverted from the enzyme, reacting with oxygen to form superoxide anion.	Superoxides	262-278	cytochrome b	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-12
18974051-3	2008	Nitro-oleic acid inhibits XOR activity in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 of 0.6 microM, limiting both purine oxidation and formation of superoxide (O2.).	Superoxides	151-161	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	26-29
18974051-3	2008	Nitro-oleic acid inhibits XOR activity in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 of 0.6 microM, limiting both purine oxidation and formation of superoxide (O2.).	Superoxides	163-165	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	26-29
19033667-5	2008	Furthermore, ex vivo arsenic exposure increased SEC superoxide generation, and this effect was inhibited by addition of a Nox2 inhibitor and quenched by the cell-permeant superoxide scavenger.	Superoxides	52-62	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	122-126
18497304-8	2008	ONOO(-) generated by the interaction between exogenous administration of O(2)(*-) and endogenous *NO, or provided by direct injection of ONOO(-), activated the transcription factor NF-kappaB in paw tissues, enhancing expression of the inducible but not the constitutive cyclooxygenase enzyme (COX-2 and COX-1, respectively).	Superoxides	73-77	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	293-298
18604212-4	2008	In SOD1-deficient macrophages, higher superoxide production decreased the cellular redox potential and specifically inhibited caspase-1 by reversible oxidation and glutathionylation of the redox-sensitive cysteine residues Cys397 and Cys362.	Superoxides	38-48	caspase 1	Mus musculus	126-135
18598896-0	2008	GCH1 haplotype determines vascular and plasma biopterin availability in coronary artery disease effects on vascular superoxide production and endothelial function.	Superoxides	116-126	GTP cyclohydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
18598896-3	2008	We examined the associations between haplotypes of the GCH1 gene, GCH1 expression and biopterin levels, and the effects on endothelial function and vascular superoxide production.	Superoxides	157-167	GTP cyclohydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	55-59
18339714-10	2008	The Ras and Rac1 regulation of superoxide appeared to raise apoptotic activity by activating GSK-3beta and inhibiting Wnt5a/beta-catenin signaling.	Superoxides	31-41	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	12-16
18339714-10	2008	The Ras and Rac1 regulation of superoxide appeared to raise apoptotic activity by activating GSK-3beta and inhibiting Wnt5a/beta-catenin signaling.	Superoxides	31-41	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Rattus norvegicus	93-102
18207366-3	2008	A quantitative analysis based on the intensity of different spectra demonstrated a local O2- production derived from the SR. M(1)-receptor agonist, oxotremorine (Oxo) and a Ca2+ ionophore, A23187, time-dependently increased this O2- production colocalized with the SR. NOX inhibitors, diphenylene iodonium (DPI) and apocynin (Apo), or superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase, and Nox4 (a major intracellular NOX subunit) siRNA all substantially blocked this local production of O2-, demonstrating an involvement of NOX.	Superoxides	89-91	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	380-384
18201545-6	2008	Furthermore, treatment with either ONOO- or O2.- stimulated nNOS uncoupling with decreased NO and enhanced O2.- generation.	Superoxides	44-46	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	60-64
18201545-6	2008	Furthermore, treatment with either ONOO- or O2.- stimulated nNOS uncoupling with decreased NO and enhanced O2.- generation.	Superoxides	107-109	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	60-64
18201545-7	2008	Thus, nNOS is reversibly uncoupled by O2.- (50muM), but irreversibly uncoupled and inactivated by ONOO-.	Superoxides	38-40	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	6-10
17850801-5	2008	Intravenous injection of PEDF dose-dependently inhibited thrombus formation and blocked the increase in immunoreactivity of P-selectin, a marker of platelet activation, NADPH oxidase activity and superoxide generation in thrombi.	Superoxides	196-206	serpin family F member 1	Rattus norvegicus	25-29
18079208-0	2008	Aldosterone induces superoxide generation via Rac1 activation in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	20-30	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	46-50
18079208-6	2008	The aldosterone-induced superoxide generation was abolished either by nonselective small G protein inhibitor (Clostridium difficile toxin A) or dominant-negative Rac1.	Superoxides	24-34	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	162-166
18079208-8	2008	Thus, the present study is the first to demonstrate that aldosterone induces superoxide generation via mineralocorticoid receptor-mediated activation of NAD(P)H-oxidase and Rac1 in endothelial cells, thereby contributing to the development of aldosterone-induced vascular injury.	Superoxides	77-87	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	173-177
18206959-12	2008	These data indicate that: (1) ERK, activated by oxidative stress, is involved only in the early phase of leptin-induced BP elevation, (2) the later phase of leptin-induced hypertension is characterized by excessive NO inactivation by superoxide, (3) the time-dependent shift from ERK to O(2)(-)-NO dependent mechanism may be associated with reduced SOD/GPx ratio, which favors formation of O(2)(-) instead of H(2)O(2).	Superoxides	234-244	leptin	Rattus norvegicus	157-163
18206959-12	2008	These data indicate that: (1) ERK, activated by oxidative stress, is involved only in the early phase of leptin-induced BP elevation, (2) the later phase of leptin-induced hypertension is characterized by excessive NO inactivation by superoxide, (3) the time-dependent shift from ERK to O(2)(-)-NO dependent mechanism may be associated with reduced SOD/GPx ratio, which favors formation of O(2)(-) instead of H(2)O(2).	Superoxides	287-294	leptin	Rattus norvegicus	157-163
18206959-12	2008	These data indicate that: (1) ERK, activated by oxidative stress, is involved only in the early phase of leptin-induced BP elevation, (2) the later phase of leptin-induced hypertension is characterized by excessive NO inactivation by superoxide, (3) the time-dependent shift from ERK to O(2)(-)-NO dependent mechanism may be associated with reduced SOD/GPx ratio, which favors formation of O(2)(-) instead of H(2)O(2).	Superoxides	390-397	leptin	Rattus norvegicus	157-163
18082129-4	2008	We observed that the abundance of UCP2 in macrophages increased rapidly in response to treatments (rotenone, antimycin A and diethyldithiocarbamate) that increased mitochondrial superoxide production, but not in response to superoxide produced outside the mitochondria or in response to H2O2.	Superoxides	178-188	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	34-38
18008142-7	2008	Conversely, there was an enhanced generation of superoxide anion and activation of NADPH oxidase in SHR, which was accompanied by an increase in the protein expression of p47phox, a subunit of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	48-64	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	171-178
18008142-8	2008	These data suggest that it maybe a reduction in antioxidant defenses, evident by a reduced expression and activity of GSTM2, in the left ventricles and aortas of SHR that leads to increased levels of superoxide anion and activation of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	200-216	glutathione S-transferase mu 2	Rattus norvegicus	118-123
18092947-4	2008	LOX-1 activation by oxidized LDL (low-density lipoprotein) binding stimulates intracellular signalling, gene expression and production of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	138-148	oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
18044968-6	2007	Moreover, the mechanism of this weakened product inhibition was similar to that in E. coli MnSOD, specifically a decrease in the rate constant for the oxidative addition of superoxide to Mn2+MnSOD leading to the formation of the peroxide-inhibited enzyme.	Superoxides	173-183	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	91-96
18044968-6	2007	Moreover, the mechanism of this weakened product inhibition was similar to that in E. coli MnSOD, specifically a decrease in the rate constant for the oxidative addition of superoxide to Mn2+MnSOD leading to the formation of the peroxide-inhibited enzyme.	Superoxides	173-183	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	191-196
17989922-4	2007	A prerequisite for O(2)(-) in combination with NO to destabilize HIF-1alpha was corroborated in RCC4-rho0 cells, when the redox cycler 2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone was used as a source of superoxide.	Superoxides	19-24	solute carrier family 49 member 4	Homo sapiens	96-100
18091585-7	2007	These findings suggest that NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide, probably produced due to stimulation of AT1 receptors, reacts with NO to form peroxynitrite, and consequently decreases active NO, leading to attenuation of endothelium-dependent relaxation.	Superoxides	50-60	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Rattus norvegicus	102-105
17895890-1	2007	Manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) is an enzyme that catalyses the dismutation of superoxide in the mitochondria, leading to reduced levels of reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-36
17854710-7	2007	Cells with mutant K-ras had significantly lower amounts of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) vs those with wild-type K-ras, but MnSOD protein correlated positively with superoxide levels.	Superoxides	69-79	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	91-96
17851796-9	2007	Our findings also suggest that while plasma Mn-SOD might play a significant role in detoxifying the superoxide anions produced in the placenta, the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in erythrocytes is mainly due to CAT activity.	Superoxides	100-117	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	44-50
17631609-11	2007	Compared with control lambs, catalase and SOD2 protein levels were decreased in 2-wk-old shunt lambs and this was associated with increased levels of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and superoxide (P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	183-193	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Ovis aries	42-46
17635921-5	2007	Nicotine-induced AMPK phosphorylation appeared to be mediated by reactive oxygen species based on the finding that nicotine significantly increased superoxide anions and 3-nitrotyrosine-positive proteins, exogenous peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) mimicked the effects of nicotine on AMPK, and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) abolished nicotine-enhanced AMPK phosphorylation.	Superoxides	148-165	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1	Homo sapiens	17-21
17636259-9	2007	The SDH3 R47K, SDH4 D88E, and SDH4 D88N mutants are sensitive to hyperoxia and paraquat and have elevated rates of superoxide production in vitro and in vivo.	Superoxides	115-125	succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b subunit SDH3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	4-8
17440754-6	2007	It was confirmed that, for the reducing substrate xanthine, rat liver XD is also a better O2*- source than XO.	Superoxides	90-92	xanthine dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	70-72
17440754-7	2007	These data show that the dehydrogenase form of liver XOR is, thus, intrinsically more efficient at generating O2*- than the oxidase form, independently of the reducing substrate.	Superoxides	110-112	xanthine dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	53-56
17588380-9	2007	Significant inhibition of tubule formation and superoxide formation was elicited with inhibitors of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, mitochondrial respiration, and xanthine oxidase.	Superoxides	47-57	xanthine dehydrogenase	Sus scrofa	184-200
17560373-2	2007	TNF signaling enables the generation of superoxide in phagocytic and vascular cells through the activation of the NADPH oxidase Nox2/gp91.	Superoxides	40-50	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	128-132
17560373-6	2007	Moreover, the prevention of TNF-induced superoxide generation with dominant-negative mutants of TRADD or Rac1, as well as knockdown of Nox1 using siRNA, inhibits necrosis.	Superoxides	40-50	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	105-109
17525281-3	2007	Because the pathophysiological feature of restenosis is characterized by increased superoxide formation and accumulation of smooth muscle cells (SMCs), PEDF may inhibit this process via suppression of reactive oxygen species generation.	Superoxides	83-93	serpin family F member 1	Homo sapiens	152-156
17525281-7	2007	Expression and superoxide generation of the membrane components of NADPH oxidase, p22(phox) and gp91(phox), in the neointima were also suppressed by Ad-PEDF.	Superoxides	15-25	serpin family F member 1	Homo sapiens	152-156
17462535-0	2007	Nox1-based NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide is required for VSMC activation by advanced glycation end-products.	Superoxides	33-43	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
17516243-5	2007	In HMEC-1, silencing of either Nox2 or Nox4 components of NADPH oxidase with small interference RNA (siRNA) resulted in a significant reduction in superoxide detected by both DHE fluorescence (Nox2 siRNA; 71 +/- 6% and Nox4 siRNA 83 +/- 7% of control) and lucigenin chemiluminescence (Nox2; 54 +/- 6% and Nox4 74 +/- 4% of control).	Superoxides	147-157	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	39-43
17516243-5	2007	In HMEC-1, silencing of either Nox2 or Nox4 components of NADPH oxidase with small interference RNA (siRNA) resulted in a significant reduction in superoxide detected by both DHE fluorescence (Nox2 siRNA; 71 +/- 6% and Nox4 siRNA 83 +/- 7% of control) and lucigenin chemiluminescence (Nox2; 54 +/- 6% and Nox4 74 +/- 4% of control).	Superoxides	147-157	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	219-223
17516243-5	2007	In HMEC-1, silencing of either Nox2 or Nox4 components of NADPH oxidase with small interference RNA (siRNA) resulted in a significant reduction in superoxide detected by both DHE fluorescence (Nox2 siRNA; 71 +/- 6% and Nox4 siRNA 83 +/- 7% of control) and lucigenin chemiluminescence (Nox2; 54 +/- 6% and Nox4 74 +/- 4% of control).	Superoxides	147-157	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	219-223
17470727-10	2007	These data demonstrate novel and differential mechanisms by which ERalpha and ERbeta activation control coronary artery vasoreactivity in males and females and regulate vascular NO and O(2)(-) formation.	Superoxides	185-189	estrogen receptor 2	Homo sapiens	78-84
21712056-10	2011	The ability of BRS-3 to regulate EGFR transactivation in NCI-H1299-BRS-3 cells was reduced by AG1478 or gefitinib (EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors), GM6001 (matrix metalloprotease inhibitor), PP2 (Src inhibitor), N-acetylcysteine (anti-oxidant), Tiron (superoxide scavenger) and DPI (NADPH oxidase inhibitor).	Superoxides	253-263	bombesin receptor subtype 3	Homo sapiens	15-20
21590695-5	2011	They were capable of detecting and visualizing O2( -) and H2O2 overproduction caused by a mutation in the gene encoding nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit 6 (ND6) in HepG2 cells.	Superoxides	47-49	mitochondrially encoded NADH dehydrogenase 6	Homo sapiens	179-182
21457779-0	2011	2-(2-Fluorobenzamido)benzoate ethyl ester (EFB-1) inhibits superoxide production by human neutrophils and attenuates hemorrhagic shock-induced organ dysfunction in rats.	Superoxides	59-69	ephrin B1	Homo sapiens	43-48
21457779-2	2011	In this study, we report that a small chemical compound, 2-(2-fluorobenzamido)benzoic acid ethyl ester (EFB-1), exhibited a potent inhibitory effect on the formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (FMLP)-induced superoxide anion (O2 -) release and CD11b expression by human neutrophils.	Superoxides	215-231	ephrin B1	Homo sapiens	104-109
21457779-2	2011	In this study, we report that a small chemical compound, 2-(2-fluorobenzamido)benzoic acid ethyl ester (EFB-1), exhibited a potent inhibitory effect on the formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (FMLP)-induced superoxide anion (O2 -) release and CD11b expression by human neutrophils.	Superoxides	233-235	ephrin B1	Homo sapiens	104-109
21457779-6	2011	The inhibitory effects of EFB-1 on O(2 -) production, CD11b expression, and AKT phosphorylation were reversed by PKA inhibitors (H89 and KT5720).	Superoxides	35-41	ephrin B1	Homo sapiens	26-31
21295135-0	2011	Impaired CD200-CD200R-mediated microglia silencing enhances midbrain dopaminergic neurodegeneration: roles of aging, superoxide, NADPH oxidase, and p38 MAPK.	Superoxides	117-127	Cd200 molecule	Rattus norvegicus	9-14
21780368-3	2011	Our results showed that superoxide levels were significantly increased in a time-dependent manner in blood monocyte-derived macrophages treated with 100 microg/ml MWCNTs for 12 h. Concomitantly, MWCNTs induced membrane translocation of the NADPH oxidase subunits p47phox and p67phox, a signature event for NADPH oxidase activation.	Superoxides	24-34	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	275-282
21343298-1	2011	In contrast to the NADPH oxidases Nox1 and Nox2, which generate superoxide (O(2)( -)), Nox4 produces hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)).	Superoxides	64-74	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	34-38
21343298-1	2011	In contrast to the NADPH oxidases Nox1 and Nox2, which generate superoxide (O(2)( -)), Nox4 produces hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)).	Superoxides	76-80	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	34-38
21343298-1	2011	In contrast to the NADPH oxidases Nox1 and Nox2, which generate superoxide (O(2)( -)), Nox4 produces hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)).	Superoxides	76-80	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	87-91
21343298-7	2011	In Cos7 cells, in which Nox4 partially localizes to the plasma membrane, an antibody directed against the E-loop decreased H(2)O(2) but increased O(2)( -) formation by Nox4 without affecting Nox1-dependent O(2)( -) formation.	Superoxides	127-131	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	24-28
29216769-12	2018	In summary, zinc induces mitophagy through PINK1 and Beclin1 via ERK leading to the prevention of mitochondrial superoxide generation in the setting of H/R.	Superoxides	112-122	beclin 1	Rattus norvegicus	53-60
21343298-8	2011	The E-loop of Nox4 but not Nox1 and Nox2 contains a highly conserved histidine that could serve as a source for protons to accelerate spontaneous dismutation of superoxide to form H(2)O(2).	Superoxides	161-171	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	14-18
21343298-9	2011	Mutation of this but not of four other conserved histidines also switched Nox4 from H(2)O(2) to O(2)( -) formation.	Superoxides	88-92	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	74-78
21471938-9	2011	MPG also markedly inhibited the beta-NADH-induced generation of the superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	68-78	N-methylpurine-DNA glycosylase	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
21471938-10	2011	Furthermore, MPG scavenging peroxyl radicals generated by tBuOOH (10-4 M).These results indicate that MPG may improve the endothelium dependent relaxations to ACh through its scavenging activity as well as by inhibiting the NADH/NADPH oxidase induced generation of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	265-282	N-methylpurine-DNA glycosylase	Rattus norvegicus	13-16
21471938-10	2011	Furthermore, MPG scavenging peroxyl radicals generated by tBuOOH (10-4 M).These results indicate that MPG may improve the endothelium dependent relaxations to ACh through its scavenging activity as well as by inhibiting the NADH/NADPH oxidase induced generation of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	265-282	N-methylpurine-DNA glycosylase	Rattus norvegicus	102-105
31938112-7	2018	After 48 hours Sev-N2O anesthesia, the neuronal apoptosis and the expression of Bax, PARP-1 in hippocampus of rats increased significantly, and the expression of Nampt, RelB decreased significantly.	Superoxides	19-22	RELB proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Rattus norvegicus	169-173
21257729-11	2011	In summary, we show that superoxide, PKC-zeta, and PP2A are involved in the hypoxia-induced increase in G(t) and occludin reduction at the plasma membrane in AEC.	Superoxides	25-35	occludin	Homo sapiens	113-121
21178165-5	2011	Introduction of NADP(+)-reducing enzymes, such as wheat non-phosphorylating glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase or E. coli malic enzyme, led to NADPH accumulation, inhibition of the soxRS regulon and enhanced sensitivity to the superoxide propagator methyl viologen (MV).	Superoxides	233-243	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1, cytosolic	Triticum aestivum	76-116
29021631-5	2017	Levels of lipid peroxidation and of superoxide anion (O2  ) were higher in Prdx6 -/- than in WT spermatozoa (p &lt;= 0.05).	Superoxides	36-52	peroxiredoxin 6	Mus musculus	75-80
21150282-9	2011	In direct support of these findings, the tumor promoting effects of Cav-1 deficient fibroblasts could be functionally suppressed (nearly 2-fold) by the recombinant over-expression of SOD2 (superoxide dismutase 2), a known mitochondrial enzyme that de-activates superoxide, thereby reducing mitochondrial oxidative stress.	Superoxides	189-199	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	183-187
21056653-6	2011	Both MnSOD clones exhibit lower superoxide levels and higher H(2)O(2) levels.	Superoxides	32-42	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	5-10
29021631-5	2017	Levels of lipid peroxidation and of superoxide anion (O2  ) were higher in Prdx6 -/- than in WT spermatozoa (p &lt;= 0.05).	Superoxides	54-56	peroxiredoxin 6	Mus musculus	75-80
29262595-5	2017	Whereas the transitory Nox1-dependent production of superoxide contributes to the cytotoxicity of oxaliplatin in sensitive cells, oxaliplatin treatment of resistant cells leads to a decrease in the production of superoxide associated with an increase of H2O2 and a decreased cytotoxicity of oxaliplatin.	Superoxides	52-62	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	23-27
21304882-5	2011	Infection of Nox2(-/y) mice with X-31 virus resulted in a significant reduction in viral titers, BALF macrophages, peri-bronchial inflammation, BALF inflammatory cell superoxide and lung tissue peroxynitrite production, MCP-1 levels and alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis when compared to WT control mice.	Superoxides	167-177	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	13-17
21386137-3	2011	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is the primary mitochondrial ROS scavenging enzyme that converts superoxide to hydrogen peroxide, which is subsequently converted to water by catalase and other peroxidases.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
21291402-5	2011	Data are offered that demonstrate the ability of MnSOD, in the presence of nitric oxide, to utilize hydrogen peroxide to produce superoxide and the more toxic oxidant, peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	129-139	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	49-54
29262595-5	2017	Whereas the transitory Nox1-dependent production of superoxide contributes to the cytotoxicity of oxaliplatin in sensitive cells, oxaliplatin treatment of resistant cells leads to a decrease in the production of superoxide associated with an increase of H2O2 and a decreased cytotoxicity of oxaliplatin.	Superoxides	212-222	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	23-27
21355846-1	2011	Mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) neutralizes the highly reactive superoxide radical (O(2)( -)), the first member in a plethora of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS).	Superoxides	75-93	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-34
28891816-4	2017	Conversely, introduction of stress stimuli to the microenvironment, including hypoxia, acutely lowered SNPH levels, resulting in bioenergetics defects and increased superoxide production.	Superoxides	165-175	syntaphilin	Homo sapiens	103-107
21355846-1	2011	Mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) neutralizes the highly reactive superoxide radical (O(2)( -)), the first member in a plethora of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS).	Superoxides	75-93	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	36-41
21355846-1	2011	Mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) neutralizes the highly reactive superoxide radical (O(2)( -)), the first member in a plethora of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS).	Superoxides	95-99	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-34
21355846-1	2011	Mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) neutralizes the highly reactive superoxide radical (O(2)( -)), the first member in a plethora of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS).	Superoxides	95-99	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	36-41
28699129-6	2017	Within changed pathways, three genes were selected for RT-qPCR analyses as key candidates influencing inflammatory responses: CYBA (component of the superoxide-generating Nox2 enzyme), GSK3B (controller of cell responses after toll-like receptor stimulation), and EIF4E (a key factor of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4F complex that regulates abundance of other proteins involved in immune functions).	Superoxides	149-159	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E	Homo sapiens	264-269
20959139-6	2011	In addition, NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor DPI and N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a scavenger of superoxide anion (O2-) also inhibited the enhanced phosphorylation of PDGFR and IGF-1R and c-Src in VSMC from SHR to control levels.	Superoxides	86-102	insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor	Rattus norvegicus	166-172
20959139-6	2011	In addition, NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor DPI and N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a scavenger of superoxide anion (O2-) also inhibited the enhanced phosphorylation of PDGFR and IGF-1R and c-Src in VSMC from SHR to control levels.	Superoxides	104-106	insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor	Rattus norvegicus	166-172
28574619-5	2017	UCP2 upregulation decreased superoxide whereas it increased hydrogen peroxide production with concomitant increase in the expression and activity of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), the primary mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme.	Superoxides	28-38	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
22140445-4	2011	We now hypothesize that loss of EC-SOD in chronically hypoxic calves leads to extracellular superoxide-mediated upregulation of Egr-1.	Superoxides	92-102	early growth response 1	Bos taurus	128-133
28573846-4	2017	Herein, aggregation-induced emission (AIE) was employed to develop a novel organic platform TPE-CLA with simultaneous turn-on FL/CL signals specifically modulated by O2 - in cells, which can be attributed to the activation of AIE resulted from the decreasing solubility after recognition.	Superoxides	166-168	folliculin	Mus musculus	126-131
21909438-2	2011	The Drosophila melanogaster SOD1-null allele (cSODn108) is proposed to result in oxidative stress by preventing superoxide breakdown.	Superoxides	112-122	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	28-32
28573846-5	2017	Using imidazopyrazinone (CLA) as the reactive motif and tetraphenylethene (TPE) as FL/CL enhancing skeleton, TPE-CLA is sensitive enough to image native O2 - in Raw264.7 cells and lipopolysaccharide stimulated O2 - in mice.	Superoxides	153-155	folliculin	Mus musculus	83-88
21175348-9	2011	SOD2 played an important role in the adaptive/delayed radioprotective response by inhibiting the initiation of a superoxide anion-induced ROS cascade leading to enhanced mitochondrial and nuclear damages.	Superoxides	113-129	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
28573846-6	2017	Endogenous O2 - in HL-7702 cells induced by acetaminophen (APAP) was uninterruptedly monitored for 7200 s with CL and the results were further confirmed by FL imaging.	Superoxides	11-13	folliculin	Mus musculus	111-113
28573846-6	2017	Endogenous O2 - in HL-7702 cells induced by acetaminophen (APAP) was uninterruptedly monitored for 7200 s with CL and the results were further confirmed by FL imaging.	Superoxides	11-13	folliculin	Mus musculus	156-158
28345875-4	2017	In these experiments superoxide is generated using the NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) substrate deoxynyboquinone (DNQ), and hydrogen peroxide is generated using the lactate dehydrogenase A (LDH-A) inhibitor NHI-Glc-2.	Superoxides	21-31	lactate dehydrogenase A	Mus musculus	174-197
21155037-6	2011	Hyperoxia- induced activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, which is responsible for superoxide anion production, as evidenced by upregulation and membrane translocation of p67(phox) was significantly attenuated after G-CSF treatment, as were inflammatory responses such as increased myeloperoxidase activity and mRNA expression of transforming growth factor-beta.	Superoxides	111-127	colony stimulating factor 3	Rattus norvegicus	244-249
28345875-4	2017	In these experiments superoxide is generated using the NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) substrate deoxynyboquinone (DNQ), and hydrogen peroxide is generated using the lactate dehydrogenase A (LDH-A) inhibitor NHI-Glc-2.	Superoxides	21-31	lactate dehydrogenase A	Mus musculus	199-204
28403150-10	2017	Moreover, PEDF stimulated the production of superoxide by macrophages.	Superoxides	44-54	serpin family F member 1	Homo sapiens	10-14
21124855-12	2010	It is also demonstrated that a massive reduction in H(v)1 expression can limit the Nox2 mediated superoxide production of PLB-985 granulocytes.	Superoxides	97-107	hydrogen voltage gated channel 1	Homo sapiens	52-57
20933223-0	2010	Maillard reaction of ribose 5-phosphate generates superoxide and glycation products for bovine heart cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	50-60	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	101-113
28299863-6	2017	Thus, these data suggest that DKK3 promotes cell survival during oxidative stress by suppressing the expression of the superoxide-producing enzyme XDH.	Superoxides	119-129	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	147-150
20933223-2	2010	In a reaction with the lysines of bovine heart cytochrome c, R5P generates superoxide (O2-) that subsequently reduces ferri-cytochrome c to ferro-cytochrome c.	Superoxides	75-85	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	47-59
20933223-2	2010	In a reaction with the lysines of bovine heart cytochrome c, R5P generates superoxide (O2-) that subsequently reduces ferri-cytochrome c to ferro-cytochrome c.	Superoxides	75-85	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	124-136
20933223-2	2010	In a reaction with the lysines of bovine heart cytochrome c, R5P generates superoxide (O2-) that subsequently reduces ferri-cytochrome c to ferro-cytochrome c.	Superoxides	75-85	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	124-136
20933223-2	2010	In a reaction with the lysines of bovine heart cytochrome c, R5P generates superoxide (O2-) that subsequently reduces ferri-cytochrome c to ferro-cytochrome c.	Superoxides	87-89	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	47-59
20933223-2	2010	In a reaction with the lysines of bovine heart cytochrome c, R5P generates superoxide (O2-) that subsequently reduces ferri-cytochrome c to ferro-cytochrome c.	Superoxides	87-89	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	124-136
20933223-2	2010	In a reaction with the lysines of bovine heart cytochrome c, R5P generates superoxide (O2-) that subsequently reduces ferri-cytochrome c to ferro-cytochrome c.	Superoxides	87-89	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	124-136
20933223-4	2010	The addition of amines to the cytochrome c-R5P system greatly increases the O2- generation with rates of approximately 1.0 muMmin(-1) being observed with millimolar levels of R5P and amine at 37 C. Pre-incubation of R5P with the amine prior to cytochrome c addition further enhances the rate of cytochrome c reduction approximately twofold for every 30 min of incubation.	Superoxides	76-78	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	30-42
20933223-4	2010	The addition of amines to the cytochrome c-R5P system greatly increases the O2- generation with rates of approximately 1.0 muMmin(-1) being observed with millimolar levels of R5P and amine at 37 C. Pre-incubation of R5P with the amine prior to cytochrome c addition further enhances the rate of cytochrome c reduction approximately twofold for every 30 min of incubation.	Superoxides	76-78	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	244-256
20933223-4	2010	The addition of amines to the cytochrome c-R5P system greatly increases the O2- generation with rates of approximately 1.0 muMmin(-1) being observed with millimolar levels of R5P and amine at 37 C. Pre-incubation of R5P with the amine prior to cytochrome c addition further enhances the rate of cytochrome c reduction approximately twofold for every 30 min of incubation.	Superoxides	76-78	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	244-256
20933223-5	2010	While clearly accounting for a portion of the reduction of cytochrome c, O2- is not the sole reductant of the system as the use of superoxide dismutase only partially limits cytochrome c reduction, and the contribution of O2- proportionally decreases with longer amine-R5P incubation times.	Superoxides	73-75	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	59-71
20817944-1	2010	The assembly of cytosolic subunits p47(phox), p67(phox), and p40(phox) with flavocytochrome b(558) at the membrane is required for activating the neutrophil NADPH oxidase that generates superoxide for microbial killing.	Superoxides	186-196	interleukin 9	Homo sapiens	61-64
28250190-4	2017	Superoxide anion production and translocation of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2) and nuclear transcription factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) subunit p65 to the nucleus and the activation of their target genes were quantified.Results: Pretreatment of HUVECs with 1,25(OH)2D3 prevented the leptin-induced increase in superoxide anion production (P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	0-16	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	160-163
20660016-6	2010	We show that reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as H(2)O(2) and superoxide anion (via the xanthine/xanthine oxidase reaction) as well as the FFA palmitate augment TRB3 expression in podocytes.	Superoxides	64-80	taste receptor, type 2, member 140	Mus musculus	163-167
28250190-4	2017	Superoxide anion production and translocation of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2) and nuclear transcription factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) subunit p65 to the nucleus and the activation of their target genes were quantified.Results: Pretreatment of HUVECs with 1,25(OH)2D3 prevented the leptin-induced increase in superoxide anion production (P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	326-342	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	160-163
27558591-0	2017	Prohibitin involvement in the generation of mitochondrial superoxide at complex I in human sperm.	Superoxides	58-68	prohibitin 1	Homo sapiens	0-10
21314602-4	2010	Accordingly, the catalase activity of bovine oxidase may be explained by H2O2 procession in the oxygen-reducing center of the enzyme yielding superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	142-152	catalase	Bos taurus	17-25
27335373-7	2016	We demonstrate that Plg treatment of podocytes specifically upregulates NADPH oxidase isoforms NOX2/NOX4 and increases production of mitochondrial-dependent superoxide anion (O2-) that promotes endothelin-1 synthesis.	Superoxides	157-173	plasminogen	Homo sapiens	20-23
20634492-3	2010	We have demonstrated that the low toxicity combination of bezafibrate and medroxyprogesterone acetate induces mitochondrial superoxide-mediated apoptosis of non-CD40-liganded cells but not of cells exposed to CD40 ligand.	Superoxides	124-134	CD40 molecule	Homo sapiens	161-165
20685861-1	2010	CONTEXT: Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), an antioxidant enzyme in the mitochondria, protects cells by scavenging superoxide radicals in human endometrial stromal cells (ESCs).	Superoxides	19-29	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	41-47
27335373-7	2016	We demonstrate that Plg treatment of podocytes specifically upregulates NADPH oxidase isoforms NOX2/NOX4 and increases production of mitochondrial-dependent superoxide anion (O2-) that promotes endothelin-1 synthesis.	Superoxides	175-177	plasminogen	Homo sapiens	20-23
27847869-8	2016	Moreover, because of impaired MnSOD activity, ULM cells are sensitive to high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and superoxide-generating compounds, resulting in decreased ULM cell viability.	Superoxides	122-132	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	30-35
20679547-4	2010	Daily treatment of Ang II-infused wild-type mice with recombinant human ACE2 (rhACE2; 2 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) IP) blunted the hypertrophic response and expression of hypertrophy markers and reduced Ang II-induced superoxide production.	Superoxides	211-221	angiotensin converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens	72-76
20679547-11	2010	In adult ventricular cardiomyocytes and cardiofibroblasts, Ang II-mediated superoxide generation, collagen production, and extracellular signal-regulated 1/2 signaling were inhibited by rhACE2 in an Ang 1-7-dependent manner.	Superoxides	75-85	angiogenin, ribonuclease, RNase A family, 5	Mus musculus	199-206
27638049-4	2016	Following ATO treatment, ATF4 activates NADPH oxidase by promoting assembly of the enzyme components Rac-1/P47phox/P67phox, which generates ROS/superoxides.	Superoxides	144-155	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	115-122
21253464-7	2010	Other phenotypes identified suggest that AIM45, YGR207c/CIR1 and YOR356w/CIR2 can protect cells from oxidative and heat stress, which encompass increased heat stress sensitivity, superoxide sensitivity, both only on non-fermentable carbon sources.	Superoxides	179-189	Aim45p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	41-46
20493945-2	2010	The uncoupling proteins (UCP1, UCP2, and UCP3) and adenine nucleotide translocase induce proton leak in response to exogenously added fatty acids, superoxide, or lipid peroxidation products.	Superoxides	147-157	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	25-29
27535007-8	2016	COX-2 was up-regulated after acute exposure to H2 O2 in coronary endothelium and vascular smooth muscle (VSM) and inhibition of COX-2 markedly reduced H2 O2 -elicited O2.- generation in coronary arteries and myocardium.	Superoxides	50-52	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
20493945-2	2010	The uncoupling proteins (UCP1, UCP2, and UCP3) and adenine nucleotide translocase induce proton leak in response to exogenously added fatty acids, superoxide, or lipid peroxidation products.	Superoxides	147-157	uncoupling protein 3 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	41-45
20529851-1	2010	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of resting phagocytes includes cytochrome b(559), a membrane-associated heterodimer composed of two subunits (Nox2 and p22(phox)), and four cytosolic proteins (p47(phox), p67(phox), Rac, and p40(phox)).	Superoxides	4-14	interleukin 9	Homo sapiens	239-242
20511416-0	2010	Elevated systemic TGF-beta impairs aortic vasomotor function through activation of NADPH oxidase-driven superoxide production and leads to hypertension, myocardial remodeling, and increased plaque formation in apoE(-/-) mice.	Superoxides	104-114	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	18-26
20511416-8	2010	In the aortic wall, superoxide production was enhanced and NO-dependent relaxation diminished in apoE(-/-) x TGFbeta(1) mice but improved significantly after apocynin or SOD.	Superoxides	20-30	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	109-119
20434216-1	2010	We have shown that platinum nanoparticle species (nano-Pt) is a superoxide dismutase/catalase mimetic that scavenges superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	64-74	Catalase	Caenorhabditis elegans	85-93
20083360-3	2010	Nox2- and Nox4-dependent NADPH oxidase activity appears to be a major source of this oxidative stress, and oxidants can induce conformational changes in xanthine dehydrogenase, nitric oxide synthase, and the mitochondrial respiratory chain which increase their capacity to generate superoxide as well.	Superoxides	282-292	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	10-14
20083360-3	2010	Nox2- and Nox4-dependent NADPH oxidase activity appears to be a major source of this oxidative stress, and oxidants can induce conformational changes in xanthine dehydrogenase, nitric oxide synthase, and the mitochondrial respiratory chain which increase their capacity to generate superoxide as well.	Superoxides	282-292	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	153-175
20420821-0	2010	Plumbagin activates ERK1/2 and Akt via superoxide, Src and PI3-kinase in 3T3-L1 cells.	Superoxides	39-49	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	20-26
20420821-5	2010	The plumbagin-stimulated ERK1/2 and Akt activities were sensitive to an antioxidant NAC, superoxide dismutase mimetic MnTBAP, superoxide scavenger Tiron and NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor DPI.	Superoxides	89-99	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	25-31
20659322-1	2010	BACKGROUND: We hypothesized that gp91phox (NOX2), a subunit of NADPH oxidase, generates superoxide anion (O2-) and has a major causative role in traumatic brain injury (TBI).	Superoxides	88-104	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	33-41
20659322-1	2010	BACKGROUND: We hypothesized that gp91phox (NOX2), a subunit of NADPH oxidase, generates superoxide anion (O2-) and has a major causative role in traumatic brain injury (TBI).	Superoxides	88-104	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	43-47
20659322-1	2010	BACKGROUND: We hypothesized that gp91phox (NOX2), a subunit of NADPH oxidase, generates superoxide anion (O2-) and has a major causative role in traumatic brain injury (TBI).	Superoxides	106-108	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	33-41
20659322-1	2010	BACKGROUND: We hypothesized that gp91phox (NOX2), a subunit of NADPH oxidase, generates superoxide anion (O2-) and has a major causative role in traumatic brain injury (TBI).	Superoxides	106-108	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	43-47
20659322-9	2010	The contusion area, number of TUNEL-positive cells, and amount of O2- and peroxynitrite metabolites produced were less in gp91phox-/- mice than in Wt.	Superoxides	66-68	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	122-130
20012547-3	2010	The antioxidant enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) catalyzes the dismutation of the superoxide anions into hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	94-111	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	23-53
20012547-3	2010	The antioxidant enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) catalyzes the dismutation of the superoxide anions into hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	94-111	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	55-59
20171273-3	2010	Here, to further investigate the role of HIPK2 in p53 activation, we started with the finding that HIPK2 inhibition upregulated Nox1, a homolog of the catalytic subunit of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase, involved in tumor progression and ROS production.	Superoxides	176-186	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	128-132
20454568-5	2010	Unlike NOX2, the phagocytic NADPH oxidase whose activity is tightly repressed in the resting state, NOX1 produces superoxide constitutively at low levels.	Superoxides	114-124	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	100-104
20150287-8	2010	Mitochondrial function in adipocytes of lean or obese GSTA4-null mice was significantly compromised compared with wild-type controls and was accompanied by an increase in superoxide anion.	Superoxides	171-187	glutathione S-transferase, alpha 4	Mus musculus	54-59
19843095-2	2010	Regulation of vascular Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase by p47(phox) plays a pivotal role in the development of atherosclerotic lesions through the generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	159-169	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	23-27
20079425-9	2010	We propose that hypoxia induces superoxide accumulation in pulmonary artery myocytes through inhibition of mitochondrial SOD2 activity, promoting peroxynitrite-induced generation of 8-isoprostane.	Superoxides	32-42	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	121-125
20043000-2	2010	The mitochondrial superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) enzyme is critical in the metabolism of superoxide.	Superoxides	18-28	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	42-46
20059731-5	2010	Superoxide radicals produced are quickly scavenged by superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), and the resulting H(2)O(2) is detoxified by peroxiredoxin-thioredoxin system or by the enzymes of ascorbate-glutathione cycle, found in the mitochondrial matrix.	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	76-81
20150548-11	2010	CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that superoxide contributes to the pathogenesis of spontaneous ICH, possibly through activation of matrix metalloproteinase-9, and that SOD1 protects against spontaneous ICH during hypertension.	Superoxides	40-50	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Mus musculus	134-160
20167907-0	2010	Augmented superoxide production by Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase causes cerebral artery dysfunction during hypercholesterolemia.	Superoxides	10-20	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	35-39
20167907-1	2010	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We tested the hypothesis that elevated superoxide production by Nox2-NADPH oxidase occurs in cerebral arteries during hypercholesterolemia and causes decreased nitric oxide function.	Superoxides	63-73	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	88-92
20007453-0	2010	Tumor necrosis factor induces matrix metalloproteinases in cardiomyocytes and cardiofibroblasts differentially via superoxide production in a PI3Kgamma-dependent manner.	Superoxides	115-125	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma	Mus musculus	142-151
20007453-10	2010	We identified phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)gamma as a key factor in TNF-mediated events since TNF-induced superoxide production, MMP expression, and activity were significantly suppressed in cardiomyocytes and cardiofibroblasts deficient in PI3Kgamma.	Superoxides	113-123	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma	Mus musculus	45-55
20053956-0	2010	NOX2 is the primary source of angiotensin II-induced superoxide in the macula densa.	Superoxides	53-63	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	0-4
20053956-2	2010	We have reported that NaCl-induced O(2)(-) in the MD is produced by the NOX2 isoform of NADPH oxidase (NOX); however, the source of ANG II-induced O(2)(-) in MD is unknown.	Superoxides	35-39	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	72-76
20053956-2	2010	We have reported that NaCl-induced O(2)(-) in the MD is produced by the NOX2 isoform of NADPH oxidase (NOX); however, the source of ANG II-induced O(2)(-) in MD is unknown.	Superoxides	35-39	angiogenin, ribonuclease, RNase A family, 5	Mus musculus	132-135
20053956-2	2010	We have reported that NaCl-induced O(2)(-) in the MD is produced by the NOX2 isoform of NADPH oxidase (NOX); however, the source of ANG II-induced O(2)(-) in MD is unknown.	Superoxides	147-151	angiogenin, ribonuclease, RNase A family, 5	Mus musculus	132-135
20056909-0	2010	Propionyl-L-carnitine improves postischemic blood flow recovery and arteriogenetic revascularization and reduces endothelial NADPH-oxidase 4-mediated superoxide production.	Superoxides	150-160	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	125-140
20088710-1	2010	Retinal mitochondria become dysfunctional in diabetes and the production of superoxide radicals is increased; over-expression of MnSOD abrogates mitochondrial dysfunction and prevents the development of diabetic retinopathy.	Superoxides	76-86	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	129-134
20088710-7	2010	Inhibition of superoxide radicals by either MnTBAP or by over-expression of MnSOD prevented mtDNA damage and protected mitochondrial-encoded genes.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	76-81
19648480-6	2010	Second, brain mineralocorticoid receptors may influence sympathetic drive by upregulating the activity of the brain renin-angiotensin system, resulting in NAD(P)H oxidase-dependent superoxide production.	Superoxides	181-191	renin	Rattus norvegicus	116-121
20930427-8	2010	A defect of mitochondrial NDUFV1 may reduce complex I, which produces most of the superoxide, which is then scavenged by the mitochondrial enzyme Mn-superoxide dismutase to produce H(2)O(2).	Superoxides	82-92	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	146-169
21076237-11	2010	The present study revealed that MGO augments Ang II-induced contraction by increasing AT1R-mediated NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production in endothelium of rat carotid artery.	Superoxides	122-132	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Rattus norvegicus	86-90
21387761-6	2010	The experiments also show that cystatin C could influence non-specific immune response through the inhibition of the superoxide anion generation (respiratory burst), phagocytosis, chemotaxis and apoptosis of neutrophils.	Superoxides	117-133	cystatin C	Homo sapiens	31-41
19875441-6	2009	When the reaction is carried out in the presence of cytochrome c to follow superoxide generation, biphasic time courses are observed, indicating that a first equivalent of superoxide is generated in the oxidation of the fully reduced Mo(IV) state of the enzyme to Mo(V), followed by a slower oxidation of the Mo(V) state to Mo(VI).	Superoxides	75-85	Cytochrome c	Arabidopsis thaliana	52-64
19875441-6	2009	When the reaction is carried out in the presence of cytochrome c to follow superoxide generation, biphasic time courses are observed, indicating that a first equivalent of superoxide is generated in the oxidation of the fully reduced Mo(IV) state of the enzyme to Mo(V), followed by a slower oxidation of the Mo(V) state to Mo(VI).	Superoxides	172-182	Cytochrome c	Arabidopsis thaliana	52-64
19559686-0	2009	Importance of NOX1 for angiotensin II-induced cerebrovascular superoxide production and cortical infarct volume following ischemic stroke.	Superoxides	62-72	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	14-18
19559686-2	2009	Mice genetically targeted for the superoxide-forming vascular NADPH oxidase subunit, NOX1, have a blunted hypertensive response to Ang II.	Superoxides	34-44	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	85-89
19559686-3	2009	We therefore hypothesised that NOX1 is mechanistically involved in Ang II-induced superoxide production by cerebral arteries, and potentially in stroke outcome.	Superoxides	82-92	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	31-35
19559686-4	2009	Superoxide production by cerebral arteries and brains from wild-type (WT) and NOX1 deficient (NOX1-KO) mice was measured using L-012-enhanced chemiluminescence.	Superoxides	0-10	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	78-82
19559686-4	2009	Superoxide production by cerebral arteries and brains from wild-type (WT) and NOX1 deficient (NOX1-KO) mice was measured using L-012-enhanced chemiluminescence.	Superoxides	0-10	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	94-98
19559686-9	2009	However, Ang II-stimulated increases in superoxide were approximately 70% smaller in rings from NOX1-KO versus WT.	Superoxides	40-50	angiogenin, ribonuclease, RNase A family, 5	Mus musculus	9-12
19559686-9	2009	However, Ang II-stimulated increases in superoxide were approximately 70% smaller in rings from NOX1-KO versus WT.	Superoxides	40-50	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	96-100
19559686-13	2009	Thus, NOX1 is essential for superoxide production in large cerebral arteries in response to Ang II but not under basal conditions.	Superoxides	28-38	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	6-10
19706525-7	2009	We also show that in purified mitochondria, siRNA-mediated knockdown of Nox4 significantly reduces NADPH oxidase activity in pure mitochondria and blocks glucose-induced mitochondrial superoxide generation.	Superoxides	184-194	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	72-76
19409487-0	2009	Role of IL-23 in mobilization of immunoregulatory nitric oxide- or superoxide-producing Gr-1+ cells from bone marrow.	Superoxides	67-77	interleukin 23, alpha subunit p19	Mus musculus	8-13
19409487-9	2009	The results suggest that IL-23 is involved in mobilization of O2(-)- and NO-producing Gr-1+ cells from BM, which may contribute to its widely studied role in (auto)immunity.	Superoxides	62-64	interleukin 23, alpha subunit p19	Mus musculus	25-30
19534724-1	2009	Rac1 and Rac2, which belong to the Rho subfamily of Ras-related GTPases, play an essential role in activation of gp91phox/Nox2 (cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide; also known as Cybb), the catalytic core of the superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase in phagocytes.	Superoxides	211-221	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	0-4
19534724-1	2009	Rac1 and Rac2, which belong to the Rho subfamily of Ras-related GTPases, play an essential role in activation of gp91phox/Nox2 (cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide; also known as Cybb), the catalytic core of the superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase in phagocytes.	Superoxides	211-221	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	113-121
19534724-1	2009	Rac1 and Rac2, which belong to the Rho subfamily of Ras-related GTPases, play an essential role in activation of gp91phox/Nox2 (cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide; also known as Cybb), the catalytic core of the superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase in phagocytes.	Superoxides	211-221	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	122-126
19534724-1	2009	Rac1 and Rac2, which belong to the Rho subfamily of Ras-related GTPases, play an essential role in activation of gp91phox/Nox2 (cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide; also known as Cybb), the catalytic core of the superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase in phagocytes.	Superoxides	211-221	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	128-162
19534724-1	2009	Rac1 and Rac2, which belong to the Rho subfamily of Ras-related GTPases, play an essential role in activation of gp91phox/Nox2 (cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide; also known as Cybb), the catalytic core of the superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase in phagocytes.	Superoxides	211-221	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	178-182
19534724-6	2009	Although Rac2, as well as Rac1, is capable of enhancing superoxide production by Nox1 and Nox3, the enhancements by the two GTPases are both independent of the insert region.	Superoxides	56-66	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	26-30
19534724-6	2009	Although Rac2, as well as Rac1, is capable of enhancing superoxide production by Nox1 and Nox3, the enhancements by the two GTPases are both independent of the insert region.	Superoxides	56-66	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	81-85
19666610-5	2009	We found that overexpression of SOD-2 decreased hippocampal superoxide, prevented AD-related learning and memory deficits, and reduced Abeta plaques.	Superoxides	60-70	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
19497959-1	2009	We examined the role of interleukin (IL)-18 and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemokines (CINC)-1 and CINC-3 in the neutrophil release of superoxide anion (O2-) and elastase following alcohol/ethanol (EtOH) and burn injury.	Superoxides	136-152	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Rattus norvegicus	100-106
19262996-2	2009	Since the dismutation of superoxide is catalyzed by superoxide dismutase enzymes, we tested the association between obesity and Ala16Val manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase gene (MnSOD) polymorphism.	Superoxides	25-35	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	184-189
19506075-0	2009	Role of the general base Glu-268 in nitroglycerin bioactivation and superoxide formation by aldehyde dehydrogenase-2.	Superoxides	68-78	aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member	Homo sapiens	92-116
19506075-6	2009	GTN bioactivation measured as activation of purified soluble guanylate cyclase or release of NO in the presence of WT- or E268Q-ALDH2 was markedly potentiated by superoxide dismutase, suggesting that bioavailability of GTN-derived NO is limited by co-generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	162-172	aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member	Homo sapiens	128-133
19506075-7	2009	Formation of superoxide was confirmed by determination of hydroethidine oxidation that was inhibited by superoxide dismutase and the ALDH2 inhibitor chloral hydrate.	Superoxides	13-23	aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member	Homo sapiens	133-138
19506075-8	2009	E268Q-ALDH2 exhibited approximately 50% lower rates of superoxide formation than the WT enzyme.	Superoxides	55-65	aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member	Homo sapiens	6-11
19506075-10	2009	ALDH2-catalyzed superoxide formation may essentially contribute to oxidative stress in GTN-exposed blood vessels.	Superoxides	16-26	aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member	Homo sapiens	0-5
19478336-5	2009	The rate of superoxide generation by the reconstituted bc(1) complex increased exponentially with increased magnitude of the membrane potential, a finding that is compatible with the suggestion that membrane potential inhibits electron transfer from the cytochrome b(L) to b(H) hemes, thereby promoting the formation of a ubisemiquinone radical that interacts with oxygen to generate superoxide.	Superoxides	12-22	cytochrome b	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	254-266
19478336-5	2009	The rate of superoxide generation by the reconstituted bc(1) complex increased exponentially with increased magnitude of the membrane potential, a finding that is compatible with the suggestion that membrane potential inhibits electron transfer from the cytochrome b(L) to b(H) hemes, thereby promoting the formation of a ubisemiquinone radical that interacts with oxygen to generate superoxide.	Superoxides	384-394	cytochrome b	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	254-266
19450565-5	2009	Protection by superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD or Mn-SOD) or catalase indicates mediation of the toxicity by superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	49-55
19345729-4	2009	The effects of mitochondrial superoxide scavenger on glucose-induced alterations in MMP-2, and its proenzyme activator MT1-MMP and physiological inhibitor TIMP-2, were determined in retinal endothelial cells, and the regulation of their glucose-induced accelerated apoptosis by the inhibitors of MMP-2 was accessed.	Superoxides	29-39	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Rattus norvegicus	84-89
19345729-6	2009	Glucose-induced activation of retinal capillary cell MMP-2 and MT1-MMP and decrease in TIMP-2 were inhibited by superoxide scavengers, and their accelerated apoptosis was prevented by the inhibitors of MMP-2.	Superoxides	112-122	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Rattus norvegicus	53-58
19345729-6	2009	Glucose-induced activation of retinal capillary cell MMP-2 and MT1-MMP and decrease in TIMP-2 were inhibited by superoxide scavengers, and their accelerated apoptosis was prevented by the inhibitors of MMP-2.	Superoxides	112-122	matrix metallopeptidase 14	Rattus norvegicus	63-70
19345729-6	2009	Glucose-induced activation of retinal capillary cell MMP-2 and MT1-MMP and decrease in TIMP-2 were inhibited by superoxide scavengers, and their accelerated apoptosis was prevented by the inhibitors of MMP-2.	Superoxides	112-122	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Rattus norvegicus	202-207
19345729-8	2009	Thus, MMP-2 has a proapoptotic role in the loss of retinal capillary cells in diabetes, and the activation of MMP-2 is under the control of superoxide.	Superoxides	140-150	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Rattus norvegicus	110-115
19061439-2	2009	Nox1 releases superoxide anions (O(2)(-)) and depends on cytosolic activator proteins, whereas Nox4 extracellularly releases hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), and its activity does not require cotransfection of additional proteins.	Superoxides	14-31	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
19276355-2	2009	We studied the expression and function of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase (Nox)4 in human melanoma cells.	Superoxides	46-56	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	83-88
19280689-4	2009	Endothelial Nox4 overexpression enhanced superoxide anion formation and phosphorylation of p38 MAPK.	Superoxides	41-57	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	12-16
19118162-10	2009	The products of HO activity, bilirubin and carbon monoxide (CO, as a CO-releasing molecule, CORM-A1), inhibited Nox4-generated O(2)(*-) and apoptosis caused by TNF-alpha stimulation.	Superoxides	127-131	NADPH oxidase 4	Sus scrofa	112-116
19118162-12	2009	The ability of CO and bilirubin to combat TNF-alpha-induced oxidative stress by inhibiting Nox4 activity and/or by O(2)(*-) scavenging, taken together with close intracellular compartmentalization of HO-2 and Nox4 in cerebral vascular endothelium, may contribute to HO-2 cytoprotection against inflammatory cerebrovascular disease.	Superoxides	115-123	tumor necrosis factor	Sus scrofa	42-51
19076165-6	2009	Tracheas from Nox2(-/-) mice had significantly lower levels (~60%) of superoxide than control mice.	Superoxides	70-80	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	14-18
19076165-8	2009	These novel findings suggest that superoxide production by mouse trachea is attributed to both Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase and xanthine oxidase.	Superoxides	34-44	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	95-99
17577100-0	2007	Effects of p38 MAPK Inhibitor on angiotensin II-dependent hypertension, organ damage, and superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	90-106	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	11-19
17493633-14	2007	Furthermore, exogenous addition of ALDH decreased superoxide generation in vitro and attenuated NO consumption in vascular smooth muscle cell homogenates.	Superoxides	50-60	aldehyde dehydrogenase 3 family, member A1	Rattus norvegicus	35-39
17337254-3	2007	Because peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) ligands reduced superoxide anion (O(2)(-.))	Superoxides	85-101	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	8-56
17337254-3	2007	Because peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) ligands reduced superoxide anion (O(2)(-.))	Superoxides	85-101	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	58-67
17337254-3	2007	Because peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) ligands reduced superoxide anion (O(2)(-.))	Superoxides	103-107	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	8-56
17337254-3	2007	Because peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) ligands reduced superoxide anion (O(2)(-.))	Superoxides	103-107	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	58-67
17301076-0	2007	Two mutations convert mammalian xanthine oxidoreductase to highly superoxide-productive xanthine oxidase.	Superoxides	66-76	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	32-55
17301076-2	2007	Mammalian xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) can be converted to xanthine oxidase (XO), which produces both superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide in a molar ratio of about 1:3, depending upon the conditions.	Superoxides	102-118	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	10-32
17301076-2	2007	Mammalian xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) can be converted to xanthine oxidase (XO), which produces both superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide in a molar ratio of about 1:3, depending upon the conditions.	Superoxides	102-118	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	34-37
17301076-3	2007	Here, we present a mutant of rat XOR that displays mainly XO activity with a superoxide:hydrogen peroxide production ratio of about 6:1.	Superoxides	77-87	xanthine dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	33-36
17394464-1	2007	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) provides the first line of defense against superoxide generated in mitochondria.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
17394464-2	2007	SOD competes with nitric oxide for reaction with superoxide and prevents generation of peroxynitrite, a potent oxidant that can modify proteins to form 3-nitrotyrosine.	Superoxides	49-59	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
17291583-5	2007	Antioxidant enzymes include two types of superoxide dismutase (SOD), which specifically scavenges superoxide radicals: copper-zinc SOD, which is located in the cytosol and Mn-SOD, which is located in the mitochondria.	Superoxides	41-51	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	172-178
17320767-8	2007	Transfection of cells with siRNA-p47phox abolished glucose-induced superoxide production and restored PKG-I protein levels in VSMC.	Superoxides	67-77	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	33-40
17130184-3	2007	We reported recently that cofilin plays a regulatory role in superoxide production and phagocytosis by leukocytes, and in the present study, we investigated the role of cofilin in the chemotaxis of neutrophilic HL-60 cells.	Superoxides	61-71	cofilin 1	Homo sapiens	26-33
17196179-12	2007	Thus, the study documented regional distributions of NOS, NAD(P)H oxidase, antioxidant enzymes, sGC and calmodulin which collectively regulate production and biological activities of NO and superoxide, the two important small molecular size signaling molecules.	Superoxides	190-200	calmodulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	104-114
17211829-6	2007	Several proteins involved in defense against toxic superoxide (O2-) and other reactive oxygen species, such as manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (SOD2), glutathione peroxidase, and peroxiredoxins 1 and 6 were highly upregulated after TLR7/8 activation.	Superoxides	51-61	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	154-158
16963617-7	2007	Furthermore, RNA interference of NAD(P)H oxidase subunits Nox1 or p47 markedly blocked OXO-induced increases in both extra- and intracellular O(2)(*-) levels, whereas small inhibitory RNA of Nox4 only attenuated intracellular O(2)(*-) accumulation.	Superoxides	142-146	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	58-62
16963617-8	2007	These results suggest that Nox1 represents a major NAD(P)H oxidase isoform responsible for extracellular O(2)(*-) production.	Superoxides	105-109	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	27-31
17916951-0	2007	Increased plasma manganese, partially reduced ascorbate, 1 and absence of mitochondrial oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus: implications for the superoxide uncoupling protein 2 (UCP-2) pathway.	Superoxides	155-165	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	166-186
17916951-0	2007	Increased plasma manganese, partially reduced ascorbate, 1 and absence of mitochondrial oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus: implications for the superoxide uncoupling protein 2 (UCP-2) pathway.	Superoxides	155-165	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	188-193
17916951-2	2007	Manganese (Mn), the key component of the Mitochondrial antioxidant (MnSOD), plays a key role in the superoxide uncoupling protein 2 (UCP-2) pathway in inhibiting of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS).	Superoxides	100-110	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	68-73
17916951-2	2007	Manganese (Mn), the key component of the Mitochondrial antioxidant (MnSOD), plays a key role in the superoxide uncoupling protein 2 (UCP-2) pathway in inhibiting of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS).	Superoxides	100-110	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	111-131
17916951-2	2007	Manganese (Mn), the key component of the Mitochondrial antioxidant (MnSOD), plays a key role in the superoxide uncoupling protein 2 (UCP-2) pathway in inhibiting of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS).	Superoxides	100-110	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	133-138
17982273-4	2007	By small interfering RNA (siRNA), it was found that Rac1-siRNA attenuated Hcys-induced superoxide (O(2)(-)) production.	Superoxides	87-97	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	52-56
17982273-4	2007	By small interfering RNA (siRNA), it was found that Rac1-siRNA attenuated Hcys-induced superoxide (O(2)(-)) production.	Superoxides	99-104	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	52-56
17128987-1	2006	We have previously shown that redox agents including superoxide anion radical and nitrogen dioxide can react with GXXXXGK(S/T)C motif-containing GTPases (i.e., Rac1, Cdc42, and RhoA) to stimulate guanine nucleotide release.	Superoxides	53-77	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	166-171
17184504-21	2006	The results suggest that the acute stimulatory effect of leptin on renal Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase is mediated by divergent mechanisms depending on the chronic leptin level (i.e. by H(2)O(2)-dependent stimulation of ERK in normoleptinaemic animals and by superoxide-dependent impairment of the nitric oxide-cGMP pathway in hyperleptinaemic rats).	Superoxides	247-257	leptin	Rattus norvegicus	57-63
17106266-9	2006	The observed H2AX phosphorylation in lymphocytes may reflect their DNA damage by the superoxide ions propagating from the neighboring granulocytes and/or monocytes.	Superoxides	85-95	H2A.X variant histone	Homo sapiens	13-17
16705145-0	2006	Nitric oxide stimulates COX-2 expression in cultured collecting duct cells through MAP kinases and superoxide but not cGMP.	Superoxides	99-109	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	24-29
16705145-10	2006	Thus we conclude that NO stimulates COX-2 expression in collecting duct cells through mechanisms involving MAP kinase and superoxide, but not cGMP.	Superoxides	122-132	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	36-41
16904307-3	2006	Another ArfGAP, Git2, was found to be a component of the Gbetagamma-mediated directional sensing machinery, while simultaneously playing an essential role in the suppressive control of superoxide production, which is mediated by vesicle transport in GPCR-stimulated neutrophils.	Superoxides	185-195	G protein-coupled receptor 166 pseudogene	Homo sapiens	250-254
16962276-2	2006	A mev-1 mutation in the cytochrome b large subunit (SDHC) of complex II results in superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) overproduction and therefore leads to apoptosis and precocious aging in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.	Superoxides	83-99	cytochrome b	Caenorhabditis elegans	24-36
16962276-2	2006	A mev-1 mutation in the cytochrome b large subunit (SDHC) of complex II results in superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) overproduction and therefore leads to apoptosis and precocious aging in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.	Superoxides	101-105	cytochrome b	Caenorhabditis elegans	24-36
16971657-5	2006	The possibility that increases in superoxide and related products that are induced by low K intake were responsible for stimulating phosphorylation of P38 and ERK also was supported by the finding that application of H(2)O(2) increased the phosphorylation of ERK and P38 in the cultured mouse collecting duct cells.	Superoxides	34-44	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	151-154
16971657-5	2006	The possibility that increases in superoxide and related products that are induced by low K intake were responsible for stimulating phosphorylation of P38 and ERK also was supported by the finding that application of H(2)O(2) increased the phosphorylation of ERK and P38 in the cultured mouse collecting duct cells.	Superoxides	34-44	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	267-270
16971657-11	2006	It is concluded that low K intake-induced increases in superoxide levels are responsible for stimulation of P38 and ERK and that MAPK inhibit the SK channels by stimulating PTK expression and via a PTK-independent mechanism.	Superoxides	55-65	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	108-111
16934679-0	2006	Cyclooxygenase-2-dependent neuronal death proceeds via superoxide anion generation.	Superoxides	55-71	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	0-16
16934679-6	2006	Cortical neurons with enhanced COX-2 expression showed superoxide generation, GSH depletion, and lipid peroxidation in response to low doses of Fe2+, and all of these changes were repressed by MnTBAP or NS398.	Superoxides	55-65	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	31-36
16934679-7	2006	Consistent with this pharmacological data, cortical neurons prepared from COX-2 knockout mice showed marked reductions in LPS-induced Fe2+ -toxicity enhancement and superoxide generation.	Superoxides	165-175	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	74-79
16934679-8	2006	These results suggest that COX-2 functions as a cellular factor which induces superoxide-mediated cell death in primary cortical neurons.	Superoxides	78-88	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	27-32
16987008-2	2006	The human genome contains seven members of the Nox family: the superoxide-producing enzymes Nox1 through Nox5 and the dual oxidases Duox1 and Duox2 that release hydrogen peroxide but not superoxide.	Superoxides	63-73	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	92-96
16987008-5	2006	Here the authors describe how the novel superoxide-producing Nox oxidases (Nox1, 3, 4, and 5) with different functions are regulated by p22( phox ), the Nox organizers, the Nox activators, and Rac, and how their expression is controlled at the transcriptional level.	Superoxides	40-50	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	75-92
16781079-0	2006	PIN inhibits nitric oxide and superoxide production from purified neuronal nitric oxide synthase.	Superoxides	30-40	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	66-96
16781079-4	2006	Furthermore, nNOS also generates superoxide (.O(2)(-)) at low levels of L-arginine.	Superoxides	33-43	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
16753143-2	2006	Generation of nitric oxide (NO) and its product with superoxide, peroxynitrite, is also increased in diabetes and can induce COX-2.	Superoxides	53-63	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	125-130
16753143-7	2006	These results, coupled with those using tempol, suggest that NO or its product with superoxide may contribute to the induction of renal COX-2 in the diabetic rat.	Superoxides	84-94	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	136-141
16814134-0	2006	Ghrelin inhibits vascular superoxide production in spontaneously hypertensive rats.	Superoxides	26-36	ghrelin and obestatin prepropeptide	Rattus norvegicus	0-7
16814134-5	2006	Because oxidative stress and increased superoxide production by NAD(P)H oxidases (Nox) are critical in the pathogenesis of hypertension, we aimed to study the effects of ghrelin on vascular superoxide production and NAD(P)H oxidase activity in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).	Superoxides	190-200	ghrelin and obestatin prepropeptide	Rattus norvegicus	170-177
16814134-8	2006	Direct superoxide scavenging properties of ghrelin were tested using xanthine-xanthine oxidase system.	Superoxides	7-17	ghrelin and obestatin prepropeptide	Rattus norvegicus	43-50
16814134-10	2006	Preincubation of aortic segments from SHR or WKY with ghrelin caused concentration-dependent (from 50 pg/mL to 5 ng/mL) decrease of basal superoxide production.	Superoxides	138-148	ghrelin and obestatin prepropeptide	Rattus norvegicus	54-61
16910769-4	2006	Because of its mitochondrial location, superoxide dismutase (SOD2) is the principal defense against the toxicity of superoxide anions generated by the oxidative phosphorylation.	Superoxides	116-133	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	61-65
16910769-6	2006	We became interested in the role SOD2 plays in the metabolism of superoxide anions during erythroid development, as anemia is the major phenotype in transplanted animals.	Superoxides	65-82	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	33-37
16741005-0	2006	Superoxide-dependent hypertension in male and female endothelin B receptor-deficient rats.	Superoxides	0-10	endothelin receptor type B	Rattus norvegicus	53-74
16769586-1	2006	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) protects cells against oxidative stress by eliminating superoxides.	Superoxides	94-105	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
16769586-1	2006	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) protects cells against oxidative stress by eliminating superoxides.	Superoxides	94-105	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
16680451-1	2006	Copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) plays a protective role against the toxicity of superoxide, and studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and in Drosophila have suggested an additional role for SOD1 in iron metabolism.	Superoxides	12-22	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	34-38
16680451-1	2006	Copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) plays a protective role against the toxicity of superoxide, and studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and in Drosophila have suggested an additional role for SOD1 in iron metabolism.	Superoxides	12-22	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	196-200
16678016-5	2006	The NGF-induced increase in NOX1 mRNA was mediated by TrkA and accompanied by increased intracellular superoxide, which was suppressed by NADPH oxidase inhibitors.	Superoxides	102-112	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	4-7
16678016-6	2006	Unexpectedly, these inhibitors and superoxide scavengers significantly enhanced NGF-induced neurite outgrowth.	Superoxides	35-45	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	80-83
16464536-7	2006	Cisplatin also increased the expression of cochlear NOX3 mRNA, a member of the superoxide generating NADPH oxidase family of proteins recently identified in the cochlea, inhibition of which decreased kidney injury molecule-1 expression.	Superoxides	79-89	NADPH oxidase 3	Rattus norvegicus	52-56
16806053-4	2006	Here we examine critically the evidence that UCP1, UCP2 and UCP3 are stimulated by ROS (superoxide) or ROS products (4-hydroxy-2-nonenal), and that the UCPs actually diminish oxidative damage.	Superoxides	88-98	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	51-55
19204183-9	2009	Inhibiting NOX2 blocked the HS-induced increase in O2- (0.62+/-0.39 versus 0.76+/-0.31 U/min per 10(5) cells in LS and HS groups, respectively).	Superoxides	51-53	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	11-15
19204183-11	2009	O2- levels in the control cells during LS and HS were 0.80+/-0.30 and 1.56+/-0.49 U/min per 10(5) cells, respectively (P&lt;0.001); whereas O2- levels in NOX4-small-interfering RNA-treated cells during LS and HS were 0.40+/-0.25 and 1.26+/-0.51 U/min per 10(5) cells, respectively (P&lt;0.001).	Superoxides	0-2	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	154-158
19204183-12	2009	We conclude that, whereas macula densa cells express the NOX2 and NOX4 isoforms, NOX2 is primarily responsible for NaCl-induced O2- generation.	Superoxides	128-130	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	81-85
19129474-3	2009	Prior adaptation of the hac1 mutant deficient in the unfolded protein response (UPR) to the superoxide-generating agent paraquat reduced cell death under ER stress.	Superoxides	92-102	transcription factor HAC1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	24-28
19129474-7	2009	These data indicate an important role for SOD and cellular NADP(H) in cell survival during ER stress, and it is proposed that accumulation of superoxide affects NADP(H) homeostasis, leading to reduced UPR induction during ER stress.	Superoxides	142-152	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	42-45
19057515-6	2009	RESULTS: In the injured artery, superoxide anion production and expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase subunits p47(phox) and Rac-1 were markedly increased, together with expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha.	Superoxides	32-48	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	161-166
18987049-4	2009	The levels of O2(-) and MAPK phosphorylation were higher in aorta from nNOS(-/-) mice than from wild-type mice.	Superoxides	14-16	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	71-75
18987049-11	2009	CONCLUSION: Under basal conditions, nNOS-derived NO acting as antioxidant reduces O2(-) accumulation and suppresses vascular MAPK phosphorylation.	Superoxides	82-87	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	36-40
18379781-7	2009	CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that selenite induces cell death and apoptosis by production of superoxide in mitochondria and activation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and MnSOD plays an important role in protection against prooxidant effects of superoxide from selenite.	Superoxides	260-270	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	186-191
18848523-0	2008	Vitamin C depletion increases superoxide generation in brains of SMP30/GNL knockout mice.	Superoxides	30-40	regucalcin	Mus musculus	65-70
18848523-0	2008	Vitamin C depletion increases superoxide generation in brains of SMP30/GNL knockout mice.	Superoxides	30-40	regucalcin	Mus musculus	71-74
18848523-2	2008	We verified that this property actually exists in vivo by using a real-time imaging system in which Lucigenin is the chemiluminescent probe for detecting superoxide in senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30)/gluconolactonase (GNL) knockout (KO) mice, which cannot synthesize VC in vivo.	Superoxides	154-164	regucalcin	Mus musculus	168-196
18848523-2	2008	We verified that this property actually exists in vivo by using a real-time imaging system in which Lucigenin is the chemiluminescent probe for detecting superoxide in senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30)/gluconolactonase (GNL) knockout (KO) mice, which cannot synthesize VC in vivo.	Superoxides	154-164	regucalcin	Mus musculus	198-203
18848523-2	2008	We verified that this property actually exists in vivo by using a real-time imaging system in which Lucigenin is the chemiluminescent probe for detecting superoxide in senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30)/gluconolactonase (GNL) knockout (KO) mice, which cannot synthesize VC in vivo.	Superoxides	154-164	regucalcin	Mus musculus	205-246
19064542-2	2008	Mitochondrial superoxide dismutase [SOD; manganese SOD (MnSOD) or SOD2] neutralizes highly reactive superoxide radical (O(*-)(2)), the first member in the plethora of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	100-118	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	41-54
19064542-2	2008	Mitochondrial superoxide dismutase [SOD; manganese SOD (MnSOD) or SOD2] neutralizes highly reactive superoxide radical (O(*-)(2)), the first member in the plethora of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	100-118	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	56-61
27535007-10	2016	CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS: COX-2 contributes to cardiac oxidative stress and to the endothelium-independent O2.- -mediated coronary vasoconstriction induced by H2 O2 in obesity, which is offset by the release of COX-2-derived endothelial PGE2 acting on EP4 vasodilator receptors.	Superoxides	110-112	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	29-34
19064542-2	2008	Mitochondrial superoxide dismutase [SOD; manganese SOD (MnSOD) or SOD2] neutralizes highly reactive superoxide radical (O(*-)(2)), the first member in the plethora of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	100-118	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	66-70
27535007-10	2016	CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS: COX-2 contributes to cardiac oxidative stress and to the endothelium-independent O2.- -mediated coronary vasoconstriction induced by H2 O2 in obesity, which is offset by the release of COX-2-derived endothelial PGE2 acting on EP4 vasodilator receptors.	Superoxides	110-112	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	214-219
27535007-10	2016	CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS: COX-2 contributes to cardiac oxidative stress and to the endothelium-independent O2.- -mediated coronary vasoconstriction induced by H2 O2 in obesity, which is offset by the release of COX-2-derived endothelial PGE2 acting on EP4 vasodilator receptors.	Superoxides	110-112	prostaglandin E receptor 4	Rattus norvegicus	255-258
19005069-2	2008	Microglia, the resident CNS macrophages, are prominent sources of ROS through expression of the phagocyte oxidase which catalytic subunit Nox2 generates superoxide ion (O2(.-)).	Superoxides	153-163	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	138-142
27874952-2	2016	In particular, superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1), a member of Nox enzyme family, is highly expressed in the colon tissue and has been implicated in physiological and pathophysiological states of colon cancer.	Superoxides	15-25	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	37-52
19005069-2	2008	Microglia, the resident CNS macrophages, are prominent sources of ROS through expression of the phagocyte oxidase which catalytic subunit Nox2 generates superoxide ion (O2(.-)).	Superoxides	169-171	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	138-142
19005069-5	2008	[Nox1-p22(phox)] dimers localized in intracellular compartments are recruited to phagosome membranes during microglial phagocytosis of zymosan, and Nox1 produces O2(.-) in zymosan-loaded phagosomes.	Superoxides	162-164	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	1-5
19005069-5	2008	[Nox1-p22(phox)] dimers localized in intracellular compartments are recruited to phagosome membranes during microglial phagocytosis of zymosan, and Nox1 produces O2(.-) in zymosan-loaded phagosomes.	Superoxides	162-164	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	148-152
18981572-10	2008	Furthermore, Rb1 reduced the TNF-alpha-induced increase of superoxide anion production by 41% and inhibited the TNF-alpha-induced decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential by 44% in HUVECs.	Superoxides	59-75	RB transcriptional corepressor 1	Homo sapiens	13-16
27874952-2	2016	In particular, superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1), a member of Nox enzyme family, is highly expressed in the colon tissue and has been implicated in physiological and pathophysiological states of colon cancer.	Superoxides	15-25	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	54-58
18981572-12	2008	In conclusion, Rb1 effectively blocked the TNF-alpha-induced over-expression of VCAM-1, increased THP-1 adhesion and over-production of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	136-152	RB transcriptional corepressor 1	Homo sapiens	15-18
27620391-8	2016	Increased oxidative stress (plasma thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, hydrogen peroxide, and vascular superoxide generation) in Ang II-infused WT mice was attenuated in c-Src-deficient and CGP077675-treated mice.	Superoxides	108-118	angiogenin, ribonuclease, RNase A family, 5	Mus musculus	134-137
18711001-1	2008	The phagocyte NADPH oxidase generates superoxide for microbial killing, and includes a membrane-bound flavocytochrome b(558) and cytosolic p67(phox), p47(phox), and p40(phox) subunits that undergo membrane translocation upon cellular activation.	Superoxides	38-48	interleukin 9	Homo sapiens	165-168
18711001-3	2008	Recent studies showed that phagocytosis-induced superoxide production is stimulated by p40(phox) and its binding to phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PI3P), a phosphoinositide enriched in membranes of internalized phagosomes.	Superoxides	48-58	interleukin 9	Homo sapiens	87-90
18711001-8	2008	We conclude that p40(phox) functions primarily to regulate FcgammaR-induced NADPH oxidase activity rather than assembly, and stimulates superoxide production via a PI3P signal that increases after phagosome internalization.	Superoxides	136-146	interleukin 9	Homo sapiens	17-20
26882122-2	2016	Superoxide anions are metabolized by manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase (MnSOD or SOD2) in the mitochondria.	Superoxides	0-17	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	79-84
19230380-0	2008	The role of UCP2 and ADP/ATP antiporter in superoxide radical-induced uncoupling in kidney mitochondria.	Superoxides	43-61	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	12-16
26882122-2	2016	Superoxide anions are metabolized by manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase (MnSOD or SOD2) in the mitochondria.	Superoxides	0-17	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	88-92
18706888-0	2008	Hydrogen-rich pure water prevents superoxide formation in brain slices of vitamin C-depleted SMP30/GNL knockout mice.	Superoxides	34-44	regucalcin	Mus musculus	93-98
18706888-0	2008	Hydrogen-rich pure water prevents superoxide formation in brain slices of vitamin C-depleted SMP30/GNL knockout mice.	Superoxides	34-44	regucalcin	Mus musculus	99-102
27624556-6	2016	Echocardiography revealed that ALDH-2(-/-)/gp91(phox-/-) mice were protected from ACA-overload-induced HF after 5 weeks of 2% EtOH-diet, demonstrating that NOX2-derived O2( -) contributes to the development of ACM.	Superoxides	169-171	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	156-160
18678861-4	2008	Here we found that the proteolytic activation of the xanthine dehydrogenase/xanthine oxidase (XD/XO) system was required because pretreatment with serine protease inhibitors abolished rhinovirus-induced superoxide generation in primary bronchial and A549 respiratory epithelial cells.	Superoxides	203-213	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	53-75
18807499-0	2008	[Crystal structure of p40(phox) and regulation mechanism of superoxide generation].	Superoxides	60-70	interleukin 9	Homo sapiens	22-25
26887821-7	2016	(3) The inhibition of xanthine oxidoreductase leading to modulation of intracellular superoxide and plasma uric acid, a risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes.	Superoxides	85-95	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	22-45
18594523-2	2008	Manganese superoxide disumutase (MnSOD) is an important antioxidant enzyme responsible for the elimination of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	33-38
18594523-4	2008	Knockdown of MnSOD by small-interfering RNA (siRNA) led to an increase in superoxide generation and sensitisation of ovarian cancer cells to the two front-line anti-cancer agents doxorubicin and paclitaxel whose action involved free-radical generation.	Superoxides	74-84	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	13-18
26876598-2	2016	In particular, superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase (Nox) 1 is highly expressed in the colon and has been implicated in physiological and pathophysiological states of colon tissues.	Superoxides	15-25	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	37-58
18650345-10	2008	These data suggest that nitric oxide and superoxide released by activated microglia may be mediators that link inflammation and abnormal SYN in mechanisms of PD neurodegeneration.	Superoxides	41-51	synemin, intermediate filament protein	Mus musculus	137-140
27094494-0	2016	Peroxiredoxin 6 (Prdx6) supports NADPH oxidase1 (Nox1)-based superoxide generation and cell migration.	Superoxides	61-71	peroxiredoxin 6	Homo sapiens	0-15
18513323-2	2008	Mammalian xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) can be converted to xanthine oxidase (XO), which produces both superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	102-118	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	10-32
18513323-2	2008	Mammalian xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) can be converted to xanthine oxidase (XO), which produces both superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	102-118	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	34-37
27094494-0	2016	Peroxiredoxin 6 (Prdx6) supports NADPH oxidase1 (Nox1)-based superoxide generation and cell migration.	Superoxides	61-71	peroxiredoxin 6	Homo sapiens	17-22
27094494-0	2016	Peroxiredoxin 6 (Prdx6) supports NADPH oxidase1 (Nox1)-based superoxide generation and cell migration.	Superoxides	61-71	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	33-47
27094494-0	2016	Peroxiredoxin 6 (Prdx6) supports NADPH oxidase1 (Nox1)-based superoxide generation and cell migration.	Superoxides	61-71	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	49-53
27094494-5	2016	We demonstrated in several cell models that Prdx6 knockdown suppresses Nox1 activity, whereas enhanced Prdx6 expression supports higher Nox1-derived superoxide production.	Superoxides	149-159	peroxiredoxin 6	Homo sapiens	103-108
18398843-1	2008	The NADPH-oxidase 1 (Nox1) is a homolog of gp91phox, the catalytic subunit of the phagocyte superoxide-generating NADPH-oxidase.	Superoxides	92-102	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	4-19
18398843-1	2008	The NADPH-oxidase 1 (Nox1) is a homolog of gp91phox, the catalytic subunit of the phagocyte superoxide-generating NADPH-oxidase.	Superoxides	92-102	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	21-25
27094494-5	2016	We demonstrated in several cell models that Prdx6 knockdown suppresses Nox1 activity, whereas enhanced Prdx6 expression supports higher Nox1-derived superoxide production.	Superoxides	149-159	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	136-140
27174562-9	2016	Mitochondria from rat receiving miR-22 inhibitor 48h before ischemia were found to have a significantly less mitochondrial superoxide production and greater mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP production as compared with rat receiving miR control.	Superoxides	123-133	microRNA 22	Rattus norvegicus	32-38
18270969-7	2008	MnSOD is a key member of the mitochondrial defense system against mitochondrial-derived superoxide.	Superoxides	88-98	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
27227512-1	2016	Human Mn-containing superoxide dismutase (hMnSOD) is a mitochondrial enzyme that metabolizes superoxide radical (O2( -)).	Superoxides	93-111	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	42-48
18417530-4	2008	Treatment of these cells with superoxide, H(2)O(2) or 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) significantly inhibited steroid production and increased phosphorylation and activation of p38 MAPK.	Superoxides	30-40	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	171-179
27227512-1	2016	Human Mn-containing superoxide dismutase (hMnSOD) is a mitochondrial enzyme that metabolizes superoxide radical (O2( -)).	Superoxides	113-116	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	42-48
18440651-9	2008	Preincubation with IFN-gamma resulted in enhanced GM-CSF- or IL-5-induced superoxide anion generation and degranulation of human eosinophils, whereas stimulus-induced eosinophil adhesion was unaffected.	Superoxides	74-90	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	61-65
18440651-13	2008	In conclusion, IFN-gamma might upregulate ERK, p38, or JNK/ATF-2 phosphorylation induced by GM-CSF or IL-5, leading to enhanced cytokine-induced eosinophil superoxide generation and degranulation.	Superoxides	156-166	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	102-106
27313545-6	2016	In physiological conditions, besides nitric oxide (NO), nNOS also produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide ([Formula: see text]) considered as key mediators in non-neuronal cells signaling.	Superoxides	104-114	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	56-60
27199114-2	2016	Thrombospondin-1 (Thbs-1), through binding of CD47, has been shown to limit NO-dependent vasodilation in peripheral vascular beds via formation of superoxide (O2 (-)).	Superoxides	147-157	thrombospondin 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-16
18413139-1	2008	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is the only primary antioxidant enzyme in mitochondria that scavenges superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
18510959-7	2008	Increased superoxide production was mediated in part by the vascular nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase as indicated by a marked stimulation of p67(phox)/rac1 NADPH oxidase subunit expression and by increased rac1 membrane association.	Superoxides	10-20	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	181-185
27199114-2	2016	Thrombospondin-1 (Thbs-1), through binding of CD47, has been shown to limit NO-dependent vasodilation in peripheral vascular beds via formation of superoxide (O2 (-)).	Superoxides	147-157	thrombospondin 1	Rattus norvegicus	18-24
18510959-7	2008	Increased superoxide production was mediated in part by the vascular nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase as indicated by a marked stimulation of p67(phox)/rac1 NADPH oxidase subunit expression and by increased rac1 membrane association.	Superoxides	10-20	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	236-240
27199114-2	2016	Thrombospondin-1 (Thbs-1), through binding of CD47, has been shown to limit NO-dependent vasodilation in peripheral vascular beds via formation of superoxide (O2 (-)).	Superoxides	147-157	Cd47 molecule	Rattus norvegicus	46-50
18061304-11	2008	Altered expression of antioxidant systems lead to enhanced production of superoxide production and lipid peroxidation, which can induce APE1/ref-1 in the tumor regions of NSCLS.	Superoxides	73-83	apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1	Homo sapiens	136-140
18061304-11	2008	Altered expression of antioxidant systems lead to enhanced production of superoxide production and lipid peroxidation, which can induce APE1/ref-1 in the tumor regions of NSCLS.	Superoxides	73-83	apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1	Homo sapiens	141-146
18289732-7	2008	Transfection with dominant negative vector of p38 alpha reduced LPS+IFN-gamma-induced ONOO(-) generation through blocking both iNOS-derived NO production and NADPH oxidase-derived O2(-) production.	Superoxides	180-182	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	46-55
27199114-2	2016	Thrombospondin-1 (Thbs-1), through binding of CD47, has been shown to limit NO-dependent vasodilation in peripheral vascular beds via formation of superoxide (O2 (-)).	Superoxides	159-161	thrombospondin 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-16
27199114-2	2016	Thrombospondin-1 (Thbs-1), through binding of CD47, has been shown to limit NO-dependent vasodilation in peripheral vascular beds via formation of superoxide (O2 (-)).	Superoxides	159-161	thrombospondin 1	Rattus norvegicus	18-24
27199114-2	2016	Thrombospondin-1 (Thbs-1), through binding of CD47, has been shown to limit NO-dependent vasodilation in peripheral vascular beds via formation of superoxide (O2 (-)).	Superoxides	159-161	Cd47 molecule	Rattus norvegicus	46-50
18446057-4	2008	TNF treatment induced rapid accumulation of mitochondrial superoxide (O2-) through the Nox1 NADPH oxidase when cells undergo necrosis.	Superoxides	58-68	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	87-91
18446057-4	2008	TNF treatment induced rapid accumulation of mitochondrial superoxide (O2-) through the Nox1 NADPH oxidase when cells undergo necrosis.	Superoxides	70-72	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	87-91
27199114-7	2016	Thbs-1 increased O2 (-) production in coronary arterioles from rats of both ages, but this was exaggerated in old rats.	Superoxides	17-19	thrombospondin 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
27199114-8	2016	The addition of CD47 blocking antibody completely restored NO-dependent vasodilation in isolated arterioles from aged rats and attenuated O2 (-) production.	Superoxides	138-144	Cd47 molecule	Rattus norvegicus	16-20
27184078-6	2016	We demonstrate that Smad2 is a key scaffold, allowing RIN1 to act as a GTP exchange factor for MFN2-GTPase activation to promote mitochondrial ATP synthesis and suppress superoxide production.	Superoxides	170-180	SMAD family member 2	Homo sapiens	20-25
18291120-5	2008	The early Nox4 downregulation was associated with a reduced superoxide production, whereas the late Nox4 upregulation was accompanied by a clear enhancement of superoxide.	Superoxides	60-70	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	10-14
18291120-5	2008	The early Nox4 downregulation was associated with a reduced superoxide production, whereas the late Nox4 upregulation was accompanied by a clear enhancement of superoxide.	Superoxides	160-170	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	100-104
27184078-6	2016	We demonstrate that Smad2 is a key scaffold, allowing RIN1 to act as a GTP exchange factor for MFN2-GTPase activation to promote mitochondrial ATP synthesis and suppress superoxide production.	Superoxides	170-180	Ras and Rab interactor 1	Homo sapiens	54-58
18413745-3	2008	The antioxidant enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) modulates the cellular redox environment by converting superoxide (O(2)(*-)) to hydrogen peroxide and dioxygen.	Superoxides	33-43	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	55-60
26678800-4	2016	This was accompanied by an increase in MitoSOX and DCFH2 oxidation that could be indicative of increased steady-state levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as O2( -) and H2O2, which correlated with increased levels of MnSOD activity and immuno-reactive protein.	Superoxides	166-168	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	225-230
17999717-0	2008	Complex I specific increase in superoxide formation and respiration rate by PrP-null mouse brain mitochondria.	Superoxides	31-41	prion protein	Mus musculus	76-79
17999717-3	2008	Quantitative electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed up to a 70% increase in superoxide production from Complex I of submitochondrial particles prepared from PrP-null mice.	Superoxides	91-101	prion protein	Mus musculus	172-175
26873547-10	2016	Moreover, increased superoxide anion production was observed in the mesenteric resistance arteries of TBT rats accompanied by an increase in gp91phox, catalase, AT1 receptor and total ERK1/2 protein expression.	Superoxides	20-36	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	184-190
18298074-4	2008	G-Rd, -Rb1, and -Rb2 also suppressed AA-induced superoxide generation in high concentrations.	Superoxides	48-58	RB transcriptional corepressor 1	Homo sapiens	7-10
18160398-3	2008	Thus, conditional expression of PAK1 dominant-positive mutants enhanced, whereas dominant-negative mutants inhibited, NADPH oxidase-mediated superoxide generation following formyl-methionyl-leucylphenylalanine or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate stimulation.	Superoxides	141-151	p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 1	Homo sapiens	32-36
18160398-6	2008	We further present evidence that the effect of PAK1 on the respiratory burst is mediated through phosphorylation of p47(Phox), and we show that expression of a p47(Phox) (S303D/S304D/S320D) mutant, which mimics phosphorylation by PAK1, induced basal superoxide generation in vivo.	Superoxides	250-260	p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 1	Homo sapiens	47-51
26873547-11	2016	In conclusion, these findings show that TBT induced alterations are most likely due to a reduction of NO production combined with increased O2(-) production derived from NADPH oxidase and ERK1/2 activation.	Superoxides	140-145	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	188-194
18160398-8	2008	Collectively, our findings define a VAV1-Rac1-PAK1 signaling axis in mononuclear phagocytes regulating superoxide production in a stimulus-dependent manner.	Superoxides	103-113	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	36-40
18160398-8	2008	Collectively, our findings define a VAV1-Rac1-PAK1 signaling axis in mononuclear phagocytes regulating superoxide production in a stimulus-dependent manner.	Superoxides	103-113	p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 1	Homo sapiens	46-50
26752517-6	2016	Here we show that GNLY delivers Gzms into three protozoan parasites (Trypanosoma cruzi, Toxoplasma gondii and Leishmania major), in which the Gzms generate superoxide and inactivate oxidative defense enzymes to kill the parasite.	Superoxides	156-166	granulysin	Homo sapiens	18-22
17763945-5	2008	In non-haloperidol treated animals, NAC 50 and 500 mg/kg did not affect oxidative status, although NAC 1,500 mg/kg significantly increased striatal superoxide levels, decreased lipid peroxidation and increased consumption of reduced glutathione (GSH).	Superoxides	148-158	nucleus accumbens associated 1	Rattus norvegicus	99-104
26779023-8	2015	Among the by-products of the HO/BVR system, carbon monoxide (CORM-2, 50 nM) and bilirubin (BR, 50 nM) significantly inhibited TMT-induced superoxide anion formation in SH-SY5Y cells.	Superoxides	138-154	biliverdin reductase A	Homo sapiens	32-35
18247479-2	2008	As MnSOD has been shown to remove superoxide radical with varying efficiency depending upon its cellular origin, a comparison of the Drad MnSOD efficiency with that of both human and Escherichia coli MnSODs was undertaken.	Superoxides	34-52	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	3-8
18247479-3	2008	Pulse radiolysis studies demonstrate that, under identical ratios of enzyme to superoxide radical, the dismutation efficiencies scaled as Drad MnSOD &gt; E. coli MnSOD &gt; human MnSOD.	Superoxides	79-97	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	143-148
18247479-3	2008	Pulse radiolysis studies demonstrate that, under identical ratios of enzyme to superoxide radical, the dismutation efficiencies scaled as Drad MnSOD &gt; E. coli MnSOD &gt; human MnSOD.	Superoxides	79-97	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	162-167
18247479-3	2008	Pulse radiolysis studies demonstrate that, under identical ratios of enzyme to superoxide radical, the dismutation efficiencies scaled as Drad MnSOD &gt; E. coli MnSOD &gt; human MnSOD.	Superoxides	79-97	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	162-167
18247479-4	2008	Further, Drad MnSOD is most effective at high superoxide fluxes found under conditions of high radioactivity.	Superoxides	46-56	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	14-19
18035043-0	2008	Ionizing irradiation induces apoptotic damage of salivary gland acinar cells via NADPH oxidase 1-dependent superoxide generation.	Superoxides	107-117	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	81-96
18023288-8	2008	Inhibition of 12-lipoxygenase decreased basal and arachidonic acid induced Nox1-dependent superoxide production and cell migration.	Superoxides	90-100	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	75-79
18023288-10	2008	Protein kinase C delta inhibition by rottlerin (and also GO6983) prevented Nox1-dependent superoxide production and inhibited cell migration, while other protein kinase C inhibitors were ineffective.	Superoxides	90-100	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	0-22
18023288-10	2008	Protein kinase C delta inhibition by rottlerin (and also GO6983) prevented Nox1-dependent superoxide production and inhibited cell migration, while other protein kinase C inhibitors were ineffective.	Superoxides	90-100	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	75-79
18094428-5	2007	Increased SOD activity decreased superoxide levels and increased hydrogen peroxide levels.	Superoxides	33-43	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	10-13
18094428-8	2007	In contrast, inhibiting endogenous SOD with small interfering RNA increased superoxide levels and promoted tumor growth.	Superoxides	76-86	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	35-38
18056377-9	2007	Neutrophils from Rap1a-/- mice had reduced fMLP-stimulated superoxide production as well as a weaker initial response to phorbol ester.	Superoxides	59-69	RAS-related protein 1a	Mus musculus	17-22
18004884-6	2007	Further support that binding of the p47phox SH3 domains modulates the structure of Cyt b was obtained using a cell-free assay system where p47SH3AB enhanced superoxide production in the presence of a p67phox (1-212)-Rac1(Q61L) fusion protein.	Superoxides	157-167	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	200-207
17906108-1	2007	Hyperglycemic challenge to bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) increases oxidant formation and cell damage that are abolished by MnSOD overexpression, implying mitochondrial superoxide (O(2)(.-)) as a central mediator.	Superoxides	178-188	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Bos taurus	133-138
18025218-11	2007	The ability to induce PKCdelta phosphorylation may distinguish a full agonist from a partial agonist for superoxide production.	Superoxides	105-115	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	22-30
17942113-10	2007	Furthermore, CRP-induced O(2)(-) production was reversed by pharmacologic inhibition and siRNAs to p47 phox and p22 phox.	Superoxides	25-32	dynein cytoplasmic 1 heavy chain 1	Homo sapiens	112-115
17698051-1	2007	Peptide hormone Angiotensin II (Ang II) activates NAD(P)H oxidase, via AT1 receptors leading to increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as the superoxide anion (O(2)(-)).	Superoxides	163-179	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	71-74
17698051-1	2007	Peptide hormone Angiotensin II (Ang II) activates NAD(P)H oxidase, via AT1 receptors leading to increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as the superoxide anion (O(2)(-)).	Superoxides	181-185	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	71-74
17712041-0	2007	Platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1-directed endothelial targeting of superoxide dismutase alleviates oxidative stress caused by either extracellular or intracellular superoxide.	Superoxides	80-90	platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	0-45
17397983-3	2007	Its activation depends on the interaction with cytosolic regulatory proteins (p67-phox, p47-phox, p40-phox and Rac) leading to an electron transfer from NADPH to molecular oxygen and to the release of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	201-218	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	78-86
17583407-1	2007	The superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase gp91(phox)/Nox2 and the non-phagocytic oxidases Nox1 and Nox3 each form a complex in the membrane with p22(phox), which provides both stabilization and a docking site for organizer proteins.	Superoxides	4-14	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	97-101
17460729-1	2007	We have shown that superoxide radical-generating NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1) is increased in intermediate human transformed cells.	Superoxides	19-37	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	49-64
17460729-1	2007	We have shown that superoxide radical-generating NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1) is increased in intermediate human transformed cells.	Superoxides	19-37	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	66-70
17460729-8	2007	Compared with the control line, Nox1 lines showed greater expression of Nox1, Rac1, p47phox, p67phox, NOXO1, and NOXA1 with concomitant increased superoxide generation.	Superoxides	146-156	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	32-36
17522887-4	2007	Related mRNA-level analysis showed the AtMTM1 gene is induced by paraquat but not by hydrogen peroxide, which indicates that this gene is related to the superoxide scavenger SOD.	Superoxides	153-163	Myotubularin-like phosphatases II superfamily	Arabidopsis thaliana	39-45
17679617-3	2007	Here, we demonstrate that diabetes reduced BH4 by increasing 26S proteasome-dependent degradation of guanosine 5"-triphosphate cyclohydrolase I (GTPCH), a rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of BH4, in parallel with increased formation of both superoxide and peroxynitrite (ONOO-).	Superoxides	246-256	GTP cyclohydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	145-150
17501721-8	2007	The pattern of NOX4-dependent ROS generation was unique: (i) ROS release upon NOX4 induction was spontaneous without need for a stimulus, and (ii) the type of ROS released from NOX4-expressing cells was H(2)O(2), whereas superoxide (O(2)(-)) was almost undetectable.	Superoxides	221-231	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	15-19
17501721-9	2007	Probes that allow detection of intracellular O(2)(-) generation yielded differential results: DHE (dihydroethidium) fluorescence and ACP (1-acetoxy-3-carboxy-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine) ESR measurements did not detect any NOX4 signal, whereas a robust signal was observed with NBT.	Superoxides	45-49	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	226-230
17501721-10	2007	Thus NOX4 probably generates O(2)(-) within an intracellular compartment that is accessible to NBT (Nitro Blue Tetrazolium), but not to DHE or ACP.	Superoxides	29-36	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	5-9
17602954-3	2007	On transfection into K562 cells stably expressing NOX1 and NOXO1, both NOXA1(trunc) and an equivalent truncated wild-type NOXA1(1-273) were expressed as approximately 29-kDa truncated NOXA1 proteins lacking both PB1 and SH3 domains, yet both were as active as wild-type NOXA1 in phorbol-stimulated superoxide generation.	Superoxides	298-308	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	50-54
17293848-0	2007	iNOS-derived NO and nox2-derived superoxide confer tolerance to excitotoxic brain injury through peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	33-43	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	20-24
17548354-0	2007	Tripartite chimeras comprising functional domains derived from the cytosolic NADPH oxidase components p47phox, p67phox, and Rac1 elicit activator-independent superoxide production by phagocyte membranes: an essential role for anionic membrane phospholipids.	Superoxides	158-168	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	111-118
17336361-10	2007	Tat therefore activates multiple signaling pathways, in one of which superoxide acts as an intermediate while the other utilizes peroxide.	Superoxides	69-79	tyrosine aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	0-3
17308007-3	2007	The association between the extracellular signaling-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2)-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway and generation of superoxide and spontaneous tone in isolated aorta was studied in angiotensin II (ANG II)-infused hypertensive (HT) rats.	Superoxides	158-168	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	74-80
17308007-3	2007	The association between the extracellular signaling-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2)-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway and generation of superoxide and spontaneous tone in isolated aorta was studied in angiotensin II (ANG II)-infused hypertensive (HT) rats.	Superoxides	158-168	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	116-120
17308007-8	2007	MAPK/ERK1/2 (MEK1/2)-ERK1/2 signaling pathway inhibitors, PD-98059 (10 micromol/l), and U-0126 (10 micromol/l), significantly reduced the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, superoxide generation (P&lt;0.01), and spontaneous tone (P&lt;0.01) in HT.	Superoxides	165-175	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
17308007-8	2007	MAPK/ERK1/2 (MEK1/2)-ERK1/2 signaling pathway inhibitors, PD-98059 (10 micromol/l), and U-0126 (10 micromol/l), significantly reduced the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, superoxide generation (P&lt;0.01), and spontaneous tone (P&lt;0.01) in HT.	Superoxides	165-175	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	5-11
17308007-8	2007	MAPK/ERK1/2 (MEK1/2)-ERK1/2 signaling pathway inhibitors, PD-98059 (10 micromol/l), and U-0126 (10 micromol/l), significantly reduced the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, superoxide generation (P&lt;0.01), and spontaneous tone (P&lt;0.01) in HT.	Superoxides	165-175	mitogen activated protein kinase kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	13-19
17308007-8	2007	MAPK/ERK1/2 (MEK1/2)-ERK1/2 signaling pathway inhibitors, PD-98059 (10 micromol/l), and U-0126 (10 micromol/l), significantly reduced the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, superoxide generation (P&lt;0.01), and spontaneous tone (P&lt;0.01) in HT.	Superoxides	165-175	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	21-27
17308007-8	2007	MAPK/ERK1/2 (MEK1/2)-ERK1/2 signaling pathway inhibitors, PD-98059 (10 micromol/l), and U-0126 (10 micromol/l), significantly reduced the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, superoxide generation (P&lt;0.01), and spontaneous tone (P&lt;0.01) in HT.	Superoxides	165-175	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	21-27
17468780-4	2007	The weak allele spc1-1 mutant showed characteristics of bleached leaves, accumulation of superoxide and mosaic cell death.	Superoxides	89-99	zeta-carotene desaturase	Arabidopsis thaliana	16-22
17185981-0	2007	Human epidermal keratinocytes accumulate superoxide due to low activity of Mn-SOD, leading to mitochondrial functional impairment.	Superoxides	41-51	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	75-81
17307863-6	2007	However, mostly granulocytic Ly-6G+ cells produced O2- simultaneously but had no measurable effect on proliferation.	Superoxides	51-53	lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus G	Mus musculus	29-34
17307863-7	2007	Recombination of the two purified Gr-1+ subpopulations restored controlled regulation of T cell proliferation through NO and O2- interaction.	Superoxides	125-127	lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus G	Mus musculus	34-38
17308307-5	2007	Blockade of reactive oxygen species production by antioxidant N-acetylcysteine or superoxide scavenger Tiron inhibits GzmK-induced cell death.	Superoxides	82-92	granzyme K	Homo sapiens	118-122
17515880-7	2007	Inhibition of superoxide significantly attenuated glucose-induced activation of H-Ras, Raf-1 and p-p38 MAP kinase.	Superoxides	14-24	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	99-102
17404273-8	2007	These results collectively suggested that the level of superoxide is reduced in macrophages that have engulfed S. aureus through the actions of TLR2-activated JNK, resulting in the prolonged survival of the bacterium in phagosomes.	Superoxides	55-65	toll-like receptor 2	Mus musculus	144-148
17363703-7	2007	Aortic superoxide production was significantly increased in Nox2-Tg mice compared with wild-type, but this difference was abolished by endothelial removal.	Superoxides	7-17	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	60-64
17138723-0	2007	High salt intake reduces endothelium-dependent dilation of mouse arterioles via superoxide anion generated from nitric oxide synthase.	Superoxides	80-96	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	112-133
16959366-5	2007	Inhibitors of PKC, a possible mediator of the augmented respiratory burst activity, decreased superoxide production in all (resting and stimulated) diabetic and control PMN.	Superoxides	94-104	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	14-17
16820798-7	2007	In contrast, ROS production and brain injury were reduced in mice lacking the nox2 subunit of the superoxide-producing enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (reduced form) oxidase.	Superoxides	98-108	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	78-82
17425976-0	2007	[Role of 5-HT2A-receptors coupled with superoxide anion in the medial area of nucleus retrofacialis].	Superoxides	39-55	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	Rattus norvegicus	9-15
17425976-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of 5-HT2A-receptors coupled with superoxide anion (O2-) on respiratory regulation signal transductionin passageway in the medial area of nucleus retrofacialis (mNRF).	Superoxides	66-82	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	Rattus norvegicus	36-42
17425976-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of 5-HT2A-receptors coupled with superoxide anion (O2-) on respiratory regulation signal transductionin passageway in the medial area of nucleus retrofacialis (mNRF).	Superoxides	84-87	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	Rattus norvegicus	36-42
17425976-8	2007	CONCLUSION: Activation of 5-HT2A receptors results in obvious O2- production in mNRF, suggesting that 5-HT2A receptors regulate respiratory function in association with O2-.	Superoxides	62-64	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	Rattus norvegicus	26-32
17425976-8	2007	CONCLUSION: Activation of 5-HT2A receptors results in obvious O2- production in mNRF, suggesting that 5-HT2A receptors regulate respiratory function in association with O2-.	Superoxides	62-64	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	Rattus norvegicus	102-108
17425976-8	2007	CONCLUSION: Activation of 5-HT2A receptors results in obvious O2- production in mNRF, suggesting that 5-HT2A receptors regulate respiratory function in association with O2-.	Superoxides	169-171	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	Rattus norvegicus	26-32
17425976-8	2007	CONCLUSION: Activation of 5-HT2A receptors results in obvious O2- production in mNRF, suggesting that 5-HT2A receptors regulate respiratory function in association with O2-.	Superoxides	169-171	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	Rattus norvegicus	102-108
17365865-1	2007	Recently we showed that angiotensin (Ang) II potentiates platelet aggregation, while Ang-(1-7) potentiates the anti-aggregatory action of the nitric oxide (NO) donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP), and may therefore counteract platelet NO resistance that accompanies cardiovascular disease and is associated with increased levels of superoxide (O(2)(-)).	Superoxides	329-339	angiogenin	Homo sapiens	85-88
17365865-1	2007	Recently we showed that angiotensin (Ang) II potentiates platelet aggregation, while Ang-(1-7) potentiates the anti-aggregatory action of the nitric oxide (NO) donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP), and may therefore counteract platelet NO resistance that accompanies cardiovascular disease and is associated with increased levels of superoxide (O(2)(-)).	Superoxides	341-345	angiogenin	Homo sapiens	85-88
17275678-0	2007	Gp91phox-containing NAD(P)H oxidase increases superoxide formation by doxorubicin and NADPH.	Superoxides	46-56	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	0-8
17275678-4	2007	Superoxide production was measured in female wild-type and NAD(P)H oxidase-deficient (gp91phox knockout) mice.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	86-94
17275678-8	2007	Taken together, gp91phox-containing NAD(P)H oxidase and NADPH cytochrome P450 reductase can enhance superoxide production caused by the chemical interaction of doxorubicin and NADPH.	Superoxides	100-110	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	16-24
17275684-8	2007	OSS significantly up-regulated one of the NADPH oxidase subunits (NOx4) expression accompanied with an increase in O2(-.)	Superoxides	115-117	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	66-70
17174341-5	2007	O(2)(-) and Fe(2+) are also cofactors of the enzymes, indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and 3-hydroxyanthranilate-3,4-dioxygenase (3-HAO) respectively.	Superoxides	0-7	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	54-81
17174341-5	2007	O(2)(-) and Fe(2+) are also cofactors of the enzymes, indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and 3-hydroxyanthranilate-3,4-dioxygenase (3-HAO) respectively.	Superoxides	0-7	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	83-86
17174341-9	2007	It also reduces the activity of both IDO and 3-HAO, which could be attributed to the superoxide anion scavenging and iron binding properties, respectively, of this drug.	Superoxides	85-101	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	37-40
17389926-0	2007	Overexpression of selenoprotein H reduces Ht22 neuronal cell death after UVB irradiation by preventing superoxide formation.	Superoxides	103-113	selenoprotein H	Mus musculus	18-33
17296905-7	2007	RESULTS: Comparisons of AAV-SOD2-infected LHON cells relative to control cells infected with AAV-green fluorescent protein showed increased expression of mitochondrial SOD that attenuated superoxide-induced fluorescence by 26% (P = .003) and suppressed TUNEL-induced fluorescence by 21% (P = .048) after 2 days of growth in galactose medium, when cell survival increased by 25% (P=.05).	Superoxides	188-198	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	28-31
17138940-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: Angiotensin II (AngII) disrupts the regulation of the cerebral circulation through superoxide, a reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by a nox2-containing NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	94-104	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	153-157
17138940-8	2007	CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide evidence that peroxynitrite, formed from NO and nox2-derived superoxide, contributes to the deleterious cerebrovascular effects of AngII.	Superoxides	97-107	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	84-88
17192473-8	2007	Rac1-dependent NAD(P)H oxidase (NOX) activity was more than doubled in the endothelium-denuded diabetic aortas but was attenuated by candesartan or captopril, indicating that NOX remains active in nonendothelial vascular tissues, although uncoupled eNOS is responsible for endothelial production of O(2)*(-).	Superoxides	299-303	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	0-4
17575910-1	2007	Superoxide dismutases, both cytosolic Cu, Zn-SOD encoded by SOD1 and mitochondrial Mn-SOD encoded by SOD2, serve Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells for defense against the superoxide radical but the phenotypes of sod1A and sod2delta mutant strains are different.	Superoxides	168-186	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	60-64
17060455-4	2007	We show that Vav1 associates with p67(phox) and Rac2, but not Rac1, in fMLP-stimulated human neutrophils, correlating with superoxide production.	Superoxides	123-133	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
17060455-6	2007	This provides new molecular insights into regulation of the neutrophil NADPH oxidase, suggesting that chemoattractant-stimulated superoxide production can be amplified by a positive feedback loop in which p67(phox) targets Vav1-mediated Rac activation.	Superoxides	129-139	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	223-227
17284935-8	2007	In addition, PEDF completely inhibited superoxide generation and NF-kappaB activation in AGE-exposed endothelial cells.	Superoxides	39-49	serpin family F member 1	Rattus norvegicus	13-17
17284935-9	2007	These results demonstrated that PEDF could inhibit diabetes- or AGE-induced RAGE gene expression by blocking the superoxide-mediated NF-kappaB activation.	Superoxides	113-123	serpin family F member 1	Rattus norvegicus	32-36
17925096-3	2007	Although, deficiency in cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase (Sod1) had not interfered with response to superoxide, cells deficient in glutathione (GSH) synthesis were not able to acquire tolerance to H2O2 when pretreated with menadione.	Superoxides	36-46	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	58-62
17994461-5	2007	Superoxide mediated methylglyoxal-induced caspase 3 cleavage.	Superoxides	0-10	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	42-51
17994461-10	2007	CONCLUSIONS: This study has shown that methylglyoxal increased Ras modulation of superoxide-mediated P38 activation and c-Jun activation, which resulted in increased apoptosis.	Superoxides	81-91	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	101-104
16626305-12	2006	Transfection of cells with antisense PKCbeta oligonucleotide, but not antisense PKCalpha oligonucleotide, completely blocked Hcy-induced phosphorylation of p47phox and p67phox subunits as well as superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	196-212	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	37-44
16626305-13	2006	Pretreatment of cells with LY333531, a PKCbeta inhibitor, abolished Hcy-induced superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	80-96	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	39-46
16626305-14	2006	Taken together, these results indicate that Hcy-stimulated superoxide anion production in monocytes is regulated through PKC-dependent phosphorylation of p47phox and p67phox subunits of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	59-75	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	166-173
16762923-0	2006	Direct involvement of the small GTPase Rac in activation of the superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase Nox1.	Superoxides	64-74	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	99-103
16762923-1	2006	Activation of the non-phagocytic superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase Nox1, complexed with p22(phox) at the membrane, requires its regulatory soluble proteins Noxo1 and Noxa1.	Superoxides	33-43	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	68-72
16762923-4	2006	Electropermeabilized HeLa cells, ectopically expressing Nox1, Noxo1, and Noxa1, produce superoxide in a GTP-dependent manner, which is abrogated by expression of a mutant Noxa1(R103E), defective in Rac binding.	Superoxides	88-98	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	56-60
16762923-5	2006	Superoxide production in Nox1-expressing HeLa and Caco-2 cells is decreased by depletion or sequestration of Rac; on the other hand, it is enhanced by expression of the constitutively active Rac1(Q61L), but not by that of a mutant Rac1 with the A27K substitution, deficient in binding to Noxa1.	Superoxides	0-10	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	25-29
16911517-1	2006	Activation of the superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase Nox1 requires both the organizer protein Noxo1 and the activator protein Noxa1.	Superoxides	18-28	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	53-57
16911517-3	2006	The Noxo1gamma protein contains an additional five amino acids in the N-terminal PX domain, a phosphoinositide-binding module; the domain plays an essential role in supporting superoxide production by NADPH oxidase (Nox) family oxidases including Nox1, gp91(phox)/Nox2, and Nox3, as shown in this study.	Superoxides	176-186	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	247-251
16861386-3	2006	miR398 targets two closely related Cu/Zn superoxide dismutases (cytosolic CSD1 and chloroplastic CSD2) that can detoxify superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	41-51	copper/zinc superoxide dismutase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	74-78
16904976-11	2006	In addition, SN significantly increased superoxide anion in HCAECs (P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	40-56	secretogranin II	Homo sapiens	13-15
16569212-0	2006	Evidence that cytochrome b559 is involved in superoxide production in photosystem II: effect of synthetic short-chain plastoquinones in a cytochrome b559 tobacco mutant.	Superoxides	45-55	cytochrome b	Nicotiana tabacum	14-26
16814103-1	2006	We have studied the effects of overexpression of superoxide dismutase (SOD), a tumor suppressor protein that dismutes superoxide radical to H2O2, on breast cancer cell growth in vitro and xenograft growth in vivo.	Superoxides	118-136	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	71-74
16606846-0	2006	Evidence for C-H cleavage by an iron-superoxide complex in the glycol cleavage reaction catalyzed by myo-inositol oxygenase.	Superoxides	37-47	myo-inositol oxygenase	Homo sapiens	105-123
16606846-1	2006	myo-Inositol oxygenase (MIOX) activates O2 at a mixed-valent nonheme diiron(II/III) cluster to effect oxidation of its cyclohexan-(1,2,3,4,5,6-hexa)-ol substrate [myo-inositol (MI)] by four electrons to d-glucuronate.	Superoxides	40-42	myo-inositol oxygenase	Homo sapiens	4-22
16606846-1	2006	myo-Inositol oxygenase (MIOX) activates O2 at a mixed-valent nonheme diiron(II/III) cluster to effect oxidation of its cyclohexan-(1,2,3,4,5,6-hexa)-ol substrate [myo-inositol (MI)] by four electrons to d-glucuronate.	Superoxides	40-42	myo-inositol oxygenase	Homo sapiens	24-28
16606846-4	2006	The MIOX.1,2,3,4,5,6-[2H]6-MI complex reacts rapidly and reversibly with O2 to form an intermediate, G, with a g = (2.05, 1.98, 1.90) EPR signal.	Superoxides	73-75	myo-inositol oxygenase	Homo sapiens	4-8
16428241-7	2006	This important amount of Mn-SOD is a primary antioxidant defense system against superoxide radicals, but its product, H(2)O(2), is also deleterious for cells.	Superoxides	80-90	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	25-31
16162660-2	2006	We report that interferon (IFN)-gamma, a crucial transactivator of the gp91(phox) gene, also stimulates expression of Nox1 mRNA and protein in large intestinal epithelium (T84 cells), leading to fourfold upregulation of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) generation.	Superoxides	220-236	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	118-122
16162660-2	2006	We report that interferon (IFN)-gamma, a crucial transactivator of the gp91(phox) gene, also stimulates expression of Nox1 mRNA and protein in large intestinal epithelium (T84 cells), leading to fourfold upregulation of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) generation.	Superoxides	238-242	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	118-122
16446494-8	2006	Although PGE2 caused a small increase in CO production, xanthine oxidase plus hypoxanthine, which produces superoxide, strongly stimulated the production of CO by cerebral microvessels.	Superoxides	107-117	xanthine dehydrogenase	Sus scrofa	56-72
16563235-2	2006	Previously we demonstrated that the Nox4 subunit of NADPH oxidase is a critical catalytic component for superoxide production in quiescent vascular smooth muscle cells.	Superoxides	104-114	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	36-40
16563235-3	2006	In this study we sought to determine the role of Nox4 in superoxide production in human aortic smooth muscle cells (AoSMC) and embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells under proinflammatory conditions.	Superoxides	57-67	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	49-53
16563235-8	2006	We suggest that Nox4 may be involved in increased superoxide generation in vascular smooth muscle cells under proinflammatory conditions.	Superoxides	50-60	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	16-20
16472678-5	2006	For example, an oxidase activator (p47phox or Noxo1) and an oxidase activator (p67phox or Noxa1) are absolutely required for superoxide production by gp91phox and Nox1, but not by Nox3.	Superoxides	125-135	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	79-86
16472678-5	2006	For example, an oxidase activator (p47phox or Noxo1) and an oxidase activator (p67phox or Noxa1) are absolutely required for superoxide production by gp91phox and Nox1, but not by Nox3.	Superoxides	125-135	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	163-167
16354686-6	2006	Small interfering RNAs to either MyD88 or Rac1 inhibited IL-1beta induction of endosomal superoxide and NF-kappaB activation.	Superoxides	89-99	MYD88 innate immune signal transduction adaptor	Homo sapiens	33-38
16287844-5	2005	Our results suggest that the MEC1 pathway in sod1Delta mutant strains is sensitive to the altered cellular redox state due to increased superoxide anions and establish a new relationship between SOD1, LYS7, and the MEC1-mediated checkpoint response to replication arrest and DNA damage in S. cerevisiae.	Superoxides	136-153	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	195-199
16287844-5	2005	Our results suggest that the MEC1 pathway in sod1Delta mutant strains is sensitive to the altered cellular redox state due to increased superoxide anions and establish a new relationship between SOD1, LYS7, and the MEC1-mediated checkpoint response to replication arrest and DNA damage in S. cerevisiae.	Superoxides	136-153	copper chaperone CCS1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	201-205
16216417-6	2005	In the absence of L-arginine, however, NOS 1 generation of O2.- and H2O2 was found to be substantially greater than that measured for NOS 2.	Superoxides	59-61	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	39-44
16301341-6	2005	Superoxide production increased after MI in both NOS1(-/-) and WT animals, although NO increased only in WT.	Superoxides	0-10	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	49-53
16179351-2	2005	The manganese-containing SOD (Mn-SOD) has been suggested to have tumor suppressor function and is located in the mitochondria where the majority of O(2)(-) is generated during respiration.	Superoxides	148-152	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	4-28
16179351-2	2005	The manganese-containing SOD (Mn-SOD) has been suggested to have tumor suppressor function and is located in the mitochondria where the majority of O(2)(-) is generated during respiration.	Superoxides	148-152	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	30-36
16179351-6	2005	In experimental systems, suppression of Mn-SOD expression by small interfering RNA caused a 70% increase of superoxide in ovarian cancer cells, leading to stimulation of cell proliferation in vitro and more aggressive tumor growth in vivo.	Superoxides	108-118	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	40-46
16179351-7	2005	Furthermore, stimulation of mitochondrial O(2)(-) production induced an increase of Mn-SOD expression.	Superoxides	42-49	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	84-90
16179351-8	2005	Our findings suggest that the increase in Mn-SOD expression in ovarian cancer is a cellular response to intrinsic ROS stress and that scavenging of superoxide by SOD may alleviate the ROS stress and thus reduce the simulating effect of ROS on cell growth.	Superoxides	148-158	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	42-48
16169521-1	2005	Copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) specifically catalyzes the removal of superoxide radicals to protect cellular function against the generation of superoxide-dependent hydroxyl radicals ((.)OH).	Superoxides	12-22	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	34-41
15972387-3	2005	It was found that intracellular O(2)-* levels in these cells were increased in parallel to the elevation of pH(i) by outflow of H(+) induced via NH(4)Cl loading followed by rapid removal.	Superoxides	32-36	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Homo sapiens	108-113
16179589-7	2005	Small interference RNA against Nox4 downregulates Nox4 mRNA by 80+/-5%, inhibits NADPH-driven superoxide production in response to TGF-beta1 by 65+/-7%, and reduces TGF-beta1-induced expression of SM alpha-actin by 95+/-2% (n=6, P&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	94-104	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	31-35
16246966-6	2005	Infusion of Ang II induced a significant increase in mean blood pressure, accompanied by augmented expression of Nox1 mRNA and superoxide production in the aorta of Nox1(+/Y), whereas the elevation in blood pressure and production of superoxide were significantly blunted in Nox1(-/Y).	Superoxides	127-137	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	165-169
16246966-6	2005	Infusion of Ang II induced a significant increase in mean blood pressure, accompanied by augmented expression of Nox1 mRNA and superoxide production in the aorta of Nox1(+/Y), whereas the elevation in blood pressure and production of superoxide were significantly blunted in Nox1(-/Y).	Superoxides	127-137	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	165-169
16198233-3	2005	During MPP+-induced oxidative stress, intracellular BH4 levels decreased, resulting in nNOS "uncoupling" (i.e., switching from nitric oxide to superoxide generation).	Superoxides	143-153	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	87-91
16151022-5	2005	DPI or antisense p22phox or p47phox oligonucleotide treatment also attenuated the AT1 receptor-dependent increase in O2*- production in the ventrolateral medulla elicited by Ang II at the RVLM.	Superoxides	117-121	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	82-85
15847608-7	2005	Whereas the early increase in superoxide release is probably the result of the already described Nef-dependent activation of PAK-2 (p21-activated kinase 2)-Rac2, we were interested in investigating the mechanisms underlying the late inhibition of superoxide release observed originally.	Superoxides	30-40	p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 2	Homo sapiens	125-130
16325162-8	2006	Furthermore, APE1/ref-1 overexpression inhibited the TNF-alpha-induced increase in intracellular superoxide and p38 MAPK phosphorylation.	Superoxides	97-107	apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
16325162-8	2006	Furthermore, APE1/ref-1 overexpression inhibited the TNF-alpha-induced increase in intracellular superoxide and p38 MAPK phosphorylation.	Superoxides	97-107	apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1	Homo sapiens	18-23
16325162-10	2006	Furthermore, APE1/ref-1 may inhibit VCAM-1 expression by inhibiting superoxide production and p38 MAPK activation.	Superoxides	68-78	apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
16325162-10	2006	Furthermore, APE1/ref-1 may inhibit VCAM-1 expression by inhibiting superoxide production and p38 MAPK activation.	Superoxides	68-78	apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1	Homo sapiens	18-23
16380530-5	2006	Superoxide levels were measured by dihydroethidium fluorescent dye and the superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of cytochrome c. NADPH oxidase subunit expression (p22phox, p47phox, p67phox, and gp91phox) was evaluated with Western blot.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	200-208
16155939-7	2006	These results suggest that, (1) NO is released from PBN by hyperthermia, and subsequently reacts with O2- to form ONOO-, (2) NO and ONOO- are involved in the enhancement of apoptosis through Fas-mitochondria-caspase and [Ca2+]i-dependent pathways, and (3) a decrease in Hsp70 and phosphorylated HSF1 also contributed to the enhancement of apoptosis.	Superoxides	102-104	heat shock transcription factor 1	Homo sapiens	295-299
16173037-12	2006	Superoxide is a by-product of selenite metabolism and normal cells showed increased MnSOD expression and SOD activity compared to the cancer-derived cells.	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	84-89
16173037-12	2006	Superoxide is a by-product of selenite metabolism and normal cells showed increased MnSOD expression and SOD activity compared to the cancer-derived cells.	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	86-89
16173037-14	2006	CONCLUSIONS: Higher MnSOD expression in normal cells may play an important role in eliminating superoxide radicals produced as a result of selenite metabolism and contribute to the tumor-selective killing by selenite in prostate cancer.	Superoxides	95-105	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	20-25
16386251-1	2006	To understand the role of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase NOX1 in the vascular system, we have generated NOX1-deficient mice.	Superoxides	30-40	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	66-70
16386251-1	2006	To understand the role of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase NOX1 in the vascular system, we have generated NOX1-deficient mice.	Superoxides	30-40	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	113-117
16471577-4	2006	Stronger acids result in protonation of the superoxide followed by reduction to produce HO2-.	Superoxides	44-54	heme oxygenase 2	Homo sapiens	88-91
16471577-7	2006	The reaction occurring at the second peak is a concerted proton and electron transfer (CPET) in which the electron is transferred to superoxide and a proton is transferred from HA to the superoxide, forming HO2- and A- in a concerted process.	Superoxides	133-143	heme oxygenase 2	Homo sapiens	207-210
16471577-7	2006	The reaction occurring at the second peak is a concerted proton and electron transfer (CPET) in which the electron is transferred to superoxide and a proton is transferred from HA to the superoxide, forming HO2- and A- in a concerted process.	Superoxides	187-197	heme oxygenase 2	Homo sapiens	207-210
16085672-10	2006	These results demonstrate a pivotal role for gp91phox-dependent superoxide production in the pathogenesis of CH-induced PAH.	Superoxides	64-74	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	45-53
16306704-3	2005	Activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase was completely suppressed by GF109203X, indicating that this enzyme is regulated by protein kinase C. On the other hand, cell death was abolished in NADPH oxidase-deficient neutrophils lacking superoxide production.	Superoxides	244-254	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	14-17
16306704-5	2005	These results strongly suggest that activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase is regulated by endogenously generated superoxide or its metabolites other than HOCl, a critical regulator of inducer-stimulated death of neutrophils.	Superoxides	126-136	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	50-53
16204621-3	2005	However, this production of O2- is dependent on translocation of the oxidase subunits, including gp91phox, p22phox, p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and Rac2 from the cytosol or specific granules to the plasma membrane.	Superoxides	28-30	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	125-132
16366505-3	2005	In the adrenal cortex, the stress induced IL-18 precursor proteins (pro-IL-18) via ACTH and a superoxide-mediated caspase-1 activation pathway, resulting in conversion of pro-IL-18 to the mature form which was released into plasma.	Superoxides	94-104	interleukin 18	Mus musculus	42-47
16366505-3	2005	In the adrenal cortex, the stress induced IL-18 precursor proteins (pro-IL-18) via ACTH and a superoxide-mediated caspase-1 activation pathway, resulting in conversion of pro-IL-18 to the mature form which was released into plasma.	Superoxides	94-104	interleukin 18	Mus musculus	72-77
16366505-3	2005	In the adrenal cortex, the stress induced IL-18 precursor proteins (pro-IL-18) via ACTH and a superoxide-mediated caspase-1 activation pathway, resulting in conversion of pro-IL-18 to the mature form which was released into plasma.	Superoxides	94-104	caspase 1	Mus musculus	114-123
16366505-3	2005	In the adrenal cortex, the stress induced IL-18 precursor proteins (pro-IL-18) via ACTH and a superoxide-mediated caspase-1 activation pathway, resulting in conversion of pro-IL-18 to the mature form which was released into plasma.	Superoxides	94-104	interleukin 18	Mus musculus	72-77
16230485-5	2005	These mice have increased expression of Nox1 protein in the vasculature, which is accompanied by increased superoxide production.	Superoxides	107-117	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	40-44
16230378-4	2005	Nox4 is an NADP(H) oxidase that generates signaling levels of superoxide and is found in greatest abundance in the distal renal tubules.	Superoxides	62-72	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	0-4
16186418-4	2005	Furthermore, inhibition of CD40 expression by small interfering RNA blocked the effects of CD40L on O2*-, NO bioactivity, and PGIS nitration, which indicates a specific effect of CD40L.	Superoxides	100-102	CD40 molecule	Homo sapiens	27-31
16162867-9	2005	We propose that a single molecular mechanism can mediate the dual and opposite effect of estrogen on coronary arteries: by stimulating type 1 nNOS in coronary arteries, estrogen produces either vasodilation via NO or vasoconstriction via O(2)(-).	Superoxides	238-242	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	142-146
16238794-6	2005	RESULTS: (R,S)-albuterol inhibited IL-5-induced superoxide production.	Superoxides	48-58	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	35-39
16238794-8	2005	In addition, (R)-albuterol alone, similarly to (R,S)-albuterol, significantly inhibited IL-5-induced superoxide production up to 60 min (P&lt;0.05, n=4), but the inhibition was lost with longer incubation.	Superoxides	101-111	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	88-92
16238794-9	2005	In contrast, (S)-albuterol with IBMX did not inhibit IL-5-induced superoxide production before 60 min, but it significantly enhanced IL-5-mediated superoxide production after 60 min (P&lt;0.05, n=4).	Superoxides	147-157	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	133-137
16049136-2	2005	Exposure of human umbilical vein endothelial cells to Ang-1 (50 ng/ml) induced rapid and transient production of ROS, particularly superoxide anions.	Superoxides	131-148	angiopoietin 1	Homo sapiens	54-59
15963782-0	2005	A stress-induced, superoxide-mediated caspase-1 activation pathway causes plasma IL-18 upregulation.	Superoxides	18-28	caspase 1	Mus musculus	38-47
15963782-0	2005	A stress-induced, superoxide-mediated caspase-1 activation pathway causes plasma IL-18 upregulation.	Superoxides	18-28	interleukin 18	Mus musculus	81-86
15963782-3	2005	In the adrenal cortex, the stress induced IL-18 precursor proteins (pro-IL-18) via adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and a superoxide-mediated caspase-1 activation pathway, resulting in conversion of pro-IL-18 to the mature form, which was released into plasma.	Superoxides	124-134	interleukin 18	Mus musculus	42-47
15963782-3	2005	In the adrenal cortex, the stress induced IL-18 precursor proteins (pro-IL-18) via adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and a superoxide-mediated caspase-1 activation pathway, resulting in conversion of pro-IL-18 to the mature form, which was released into plasma.	Superoxides	124-134	interleukin 18	Mus musculus	72-77
15963782-3	2005	In the adrenal cortex, the stress induced IL-18 precursor proteins (pro-IL-18) via adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and a superoxide-mediated caspase-1 activation pathway, resulting in conversion of pro-IL-18 to the mature form, which was released into plasma.	Superoxides	124-134	caspase 1	Mus musculus	144-153
15963782-3	2005	In the adrenal cortex, the stress induced IL-18 precursor proteins (pro-IL-18) via adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and a superoxide-mediated caspase-1 activation pathway, resulting in conversion of pro-IL-18 to the mature form, which was released into plasma.	Superoxides	124-134	interleukin 18	Mus musculus	72-77
15968398-3	2005	In this study, we report that platelets express syndecan-4, an antithrombin-binding cell surface heparan sulphate proteoglycan, whose ligation with antithrombin inhibits activated platelet-dependent superoxide anion release from neutrophils by the limitation of adenosine diphosphate and adenosine triphosphate secretion in activated platelets.	Superoxides	199-215	syndecan 4	Homo sapiens	48-58
15917810-5	2005	UCP1 expression also increases superoxide production and decreases the availability of nitric oxide, evidence of oxidative stress.	Superoxides	31-41	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	0-4
15867370-5	2005	In the mitochondria, p53 interacts with the primary antioxidant enzyme, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), consistent with the reduction of its superoxide scavenging activity, and a subsequent decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential.	Superoxides	82-92	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	104-109
15971422-2	2005	Nitrotyrosine is formed by nitration of tyrosine by reactive nitrogen species such as peroxynitrite, the formation of which may be enhanced by xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), since it can generate nitric oxide from nitrite/nitrate, and superoxide during xanthine metabolism.	Superoxides	235-245	xanthine dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	143-166
15971422-2	2005	Nitrotyrosine is formed by nitration of tyrosine by reactive nitrogen species such as peroxynitrite, the formation of which may be enhanced by xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), since it can generate nitric oxide from nitrite/nitrate, and superoxide during xanthine metabolism.	Superoxides	235-245	xanthine dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	168-171
15753230-10	2005	These results suggest that nNOS-derived NO facilitates sympathetic baroreflex transmission in the RVLM at least in part via a sGC-dependent, superoxide-independent mechanism.	Superoxides	141-151	nitric oxide synthase, brain	Oryctolagus cuniculus	27-31
15637297-0	2005	A defect of neuronal nitric oxide synthase increases xanthine oxidase-derived superoxide anion and attenuates the control of myocardial oxygen consumption by nitric oxide derived from endothelial nitric oxide synthase.	Superoxides	78-94	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	12-42
15637297-10	2005	There was an increase in lucigenin-detectable superoxide anion (O2-) in cardiac tissues from nNOS-/- compared with WT.	Superoxides	46-62	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	93-97
15639489-4	2005	Hence, we examined the role of Nox4, a gp91phox homologue, in superoxide production in mouse-cultured VSMCs.	Superoxides	62-72	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	31-35
15639489-6	2005	Superoxide production was inhibited by the NADPH oxidase inhibitors, diphenyleneiodonium and apocynin, but not by inhibitors of other potential sources of superoxide.	Superoxides	0-10	2,4-dienoyl CoA reductase 1, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	43-48
15639489-7	2005	In unstimulated VSMCs, phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotides against Nox4 down-regulated mRNA expression of the subunit by 65% and attenuated superoxide production by 41% without affecting Nox1 expression.	Superoxides	148-158	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	75-79
15665728-3	2005	Because superoxide dismutase converts the reactive superoxide radical to peroxide, we hypothesized that nebulization of manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) into the airway might attenuate pulmonary dysfunction secondary to smoke inhalation injury.	Superoxides	51-69	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Gossypium hirsutum	152-158
15631452-2	2005	Furthermore, effects of glutathione, cytochrome P450 reductase/NADPH, and diaphorase/NADH are relatively small on the fluorescing process of probe 3 with X = Y = F, which is useful to detect O2-* released from neutrophils stimulated by phorbol myristate acetate with satisfactory sensitivity.	Superoxides	191-193	dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	37-84
15489199-7	2004	In the RAS2(ala18,val19) mutant strain and its rho-zero derivative we observed for the first time a strong electron spin resonance (ESR) signal characteristic of the superoxide radical anion.	Superoxides	166-190	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	7-11
15516670-3	2004	Superoxide dismutases (SOD)s are the only enzymes capable of consuming superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	71-81	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	23-26
15389975-3	2004	Superoxide anion radicals were detected explosively in the extracellular space at 2-5 min after Reox following the Anox treatment of HUVE endotheliocytes, and were thereafter retained at levels as high as approximately one-half of the maximum level until 60 min after Reox, as shown by cytochrome c reduction assay.	Superoxides	0-25	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	286-298
15389975-4	2004	Superoxide anions at 3 and 60 min after Reox were suppressed by pre-Anox administration with Asc2P, but not with Asc or dehydro-Asc, and were not suppressed by post-Anox administration with Asc2P; the cytoprotection may need the intracellular accumulation of the ROS-scavenging effector Asc that is converted from Asc2P until 3 min after Reox.	Superoxides	0-17	steroid sulfatase	Bos taurus	93-96
15838363-1	2004	We hypothesize that endothelin-A receptor stimulation contributes to the elevated blood pressure and superoxide production in endothelin-B receptor-deficient rats on a high salt diet.	Superoxides	101-111	endothelin receptor type A	Rattus norvegicus	20-41
15838363-1	2004	We hypothesize that endothelin-A receptor stimulation contributes to the elevated blood pressure and superoxide production in endothelin-B receptor-deficient rats on a high salt diet.	Superoxides	101-111	endothelin receptor type B	Rattus norvegicus	126-147
15838363-7	2004	Aortic superoxide production (lucigenin chemiluminescence) and plasma 8-isoprostane were elevated in sl/sl rats and were significantly reduced by endothelin-A receptor blockade in sl/sl, but not in wt rats.	Superoxides	7-17	endothelin receptor type A	Rattus norvegicus	146-167
15838363-8	2004	These findings suggest that endothelin-1, through the endothelin-A receptor, contributes to salt-induced hypertension and vascular superoxide production in endothelin-B-deficient rats.	Superoxides	131-141	endothelin receptor type A	Rattus norvegicus	54-75
15509740-9	2004	gp120 coupled CXCR4 (CXC chemokine receptor 4) to induce NADPH oxidase-mediated production of superoxide radicals in neurons, which was involved in the activation of NSMase but not ASMase.	Superoxides	94-104	sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 2	Homo sapiens	166-172
15262829-10	2004	Furthermore, ex vivo gene transfer of dominant-negative HA-tagged N17Rac1, which inhibits NADPH oxidase subunit Rac1, significantly inhibited cutaneous O2- formation induced by high glucose in both normal and Ins2(Akita) diabetic mice.	Superoxides	152-154	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	69-73
15205258-1	2004	SOD2 is an antioxidant protein that protects cells against mitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	73-83	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
15205258-6	2004	Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis of cells labeled with oxidation-sensitive dyes demonstrates enhanced production of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide by SOD2-deficient cells.	Superoxides	135-145	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	171-175
15373923-9	2004	The stimulation of superoxide release by IgG1- and IgG3-ANCA subclass fractions is consistent with the proposed mechanism of co-ligation of PR3 antigen and FcgammaRIIa/IIIb receptors.	Superoxides	19-29	proteinase 3	Homo sapiens	140-143
15554245-7	2004	From the results reviewed here, two schemes for the involvement of MnSOD and catalase in the regulation of apoptosis can be extracted: 1) Both MnSOD and catalase inhibit apoptosis by removing superoxide anion radicals or H2O2, respectively, because these reactive oxygen species are mediators required for the apoptotic program or inhibit a survival pathway.	Superoxides	192-217	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	67-72
15554245-7	2004	From the results reviewed here, two schemes for the involvement of MnSOD and catalase in the regulation of apoptosis can be extracted: 1) Both MnSOD and catalase inhibit apoptosis by removing superoxide anion radicals or H2O2, respectively, because these reactive oxygen species are mediators required for the apoptotic program or inhibit a survival pathway.	Superoxides	192-217	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	143-148
15581278-3	2004	NMDA dilation was impaired following fluid percussion brain injury (FPI) in an age dependent manner in the pig and the newly described opioid nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NOC/ oFQ) contributes to such impairment via the cyclooxygenase dependent generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	254-264	prepronociceptin	Sus scrofa	142-152
15581278-3	2004	NMDA dilation was impaired following fluid percussion brain injury (FPI) in an age dependent manner in the pig and the newly described opioid nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NOC/ oFQ) contributes to such impairment via the cyclooxygenase dependent generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	254-264	prepronociceptin	Sus scrofa	153-164
15464236-8	2004	The mechanisms of superoxide-induced apoptosis involved release of cytochrome c, increased Bax expression, increased caspase-3 activity, and hydrolysis of polyADP-ribose polymerase.	Superoxides	18-28	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	117-126
15464236-9	2004	Superoxide also increased the expression of antiapoptotic Bcl-xL and nuclear translocation of NFkappaB.	Superoxides	0-10	Bcl2-like 1	Rattus norvegicus	58-64
15350821-5	2004	Furthermore, there was a strong positive correlation (r = 0.89, p &lt; 0.01 in ICAM-1 and r = 0.88, p &lt; 0.01 in VCAM-1) between ICAM-1/VCAM-1 expression and vascular production of superoxide.	Superoxides	183-193	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Mus musculus	79-85
15350821-5	2004	Furthermore, there was a strong positive correlation (r = 0.89, p &lt; 0.01 in ICAM-1 and r = 0.88, p &lt; 0.01 in VCAM-1) between ICAM-1/VCAM-1 expression and vascular production of superoxide.	Superoxides	183-193	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Mus musculus	131-137
15262974-6	2004	With the use of methyl-beta-cyclodextrin, a cholesterol-depleting agent that reversibly disrupts rafts, we confirm an important regulatory role for rafts in the activation state of p38 and Cdc42 and in the Rho GTPase-dependent functions superoxide anion production and actin polymerization.	Superoxides	237-253	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	189-194
15304252-3	2004	Superoxide and the lipid peroxidation products it engenders, including hydroxyalkenals such as hydroxynonenal, are potent activators of proton conductance by mitochondrial uncoupling proteins such as UCP2 and UCP3, although the mechanism of activation has yet to be established.	Superoxides	0-10	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	200-204
15107478-9	2004	Superoxide dismutase mimetic, a potent scavenger of superoxide anions, prevented IH-induced c-fos, AP-1 and TH activations.	Superoxides	52-69	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	99-103
15153505-6	2004	SP-A significantly reduced Mphi superoxide production in response to the phorbol ester PMA and to serum-opsonized zymosan (OpZy), independent of any effect by SP-A on zymosan phagocytosis.	Superoxides	32-42	surfactant protein A1	Homo sapiens	0-4
15110391-6	2004	Grepafloxacin-induced primed superoxide generation was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with PD169316 and SB203580, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors, but not with PD98059, a specific inhibitor of the upstream kinase that activates p44/42 MAPK, or SP600125, an inhibitor of stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK).	Superoxides	29-39	interferon induced protein 44	Homo sapiens	260-263
14993216-5	2004	The superoxide dismutase mimetic and the nitric oxide chelator blocked 6-hydroxydopamine-induced phosphorylation of p38, suggesting a role for superoxide anion and nitric oxide in eliciting a neurotoxic signal by activating p38.	Superoxides	143-159	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	116-119
14993216-5	2004	The superoxide dismutase mimetic and the nitric oxide chelator blocked 6-hydroxydopamine-induced phosphorylation of p38, suggesting a role for superoxide anion and nitric oxide in eliciting a neurotoxic signal by activating p38.	Superoxides	143-159	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	224-227
14993216-12	2004	Taken together, our data suggest that superoxide anion and nitric oxide induced by 6-hydroxydopamine initiate the p38 signal pathway leading to activation of both mitochondrial and extramitochondrial apoptotic pathways in our culture models of Parkinson"s disease.	Superoxides	38-54	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	114-117
14752097-0	2004	1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-induced apoptosis in cerebellar granule neurons is mediated by transferrin receptor iron-dependent depletion of tetrahydrobiopterin and neuronal nitric-oxide synthase-derived superoxide.	Superoxides	203-213	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	91-111
14752097-0	2004	1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-induced apoptosis in cerebellar granule neurons is mediated by transferrin receptor iron-dependent depletion of tetrahydrobiopterin and neuronal nitric-oxide synthase-derived superoxide.	Superoxides	203-213	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	164-194
14752097-7	2004	MPP(+)-mediated "uncoupling" of nNOS decreased *NO and increased superoxide formation.	Superoxides	65-75	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	32-36
14688256-2	2004	Mn-SOD serves as the primary cellular defense against oxidative damage by converting superoxide radicals (O(2)(-)) to O(2) and H(2)O(2).	Superoxides	85-95	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-6
14688256-2	2004	Mn-SOD serves as the primary cellular defense against oxidative damage by converting superoxide radicals (O(2)(-)) to O(2) and H(2)O(2).	Superoxides	106-110	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-6
14688256-2	2004	Mn-SOD serves as the primary cellular defense against oxidative damage by converting superoxide radicals (O(2)(-)) to O(2) and H(2)O(2).	Superoxides	118-122	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-6
14694147-3	2004	XOR is a member of the molybdoenzyme family and is best known for its catalytic role in purine degradation, metabolizing hypoxanthine and xanthine to uric acid with concomitant generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	191-201	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	0-3
14694147-5	2004	XOR requires molybdopterin, iron-sulphur centres, and FAD as cofactors and has two interconvertible forms, xanthine oxidase and xanthine dehydrogenase, which transfer electrons from xanthine to oxygen and NAD(+), respectively, yielding superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and NADH.	Superoxides	236-246	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	0-3
14694147-5	2004	XOR requires molybdopterin, iron-sulphur centres, and FAD as cofactors and has two interconvertible forms, xanthine oxidase and xanthine dehydrogenase, which transfer electrons from xanthine to oxygen and NAD(+), respectively, yielding superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and NADH.	Superoxides	236-246	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	128-150
14694147-6	2004	Additionally, XOR can generate superoxide via NADH oxidase activity and can produce nitric oxide via nitrate and nitrite reductase activities.	Superoxides	31-41	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	14-17
14967724-7	2004	Treatment of HUVECs with monoclonal antibody for LOX-1 attenuated RLP-mediated production of superoxide, TNF-alpha, and interleukin-1beta and DNA fragmentation.	Superoxides	93-103	oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1	Homo sapiens	49-54
14871478-3	2004	Increased basal oxidative stress in Ttpa(-/-) mice was documented by increased plasma lipid peroxidation, and superoxide production by bone marrow-derived neutrophils stimulated in vitro with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.	Superoxides	110-120	tocopherol (alpha) transfer protein	Mus musculus	36-40
14765128-1	2004	The superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase consists of a membrane-bound flavocytochrome b558 complex, and cytosolic factors p47phox, p67phox and the small GTPase Rac, which translocate to the membrane to assemble the active complex following cell activation.	Superoxides	4-14	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	139-146
14602725-1	2004	Neuronal nitric-oxide synthase (nNOS) is a constitutively expressed enzyme responsible for the production of nitric oxide (NO*) from l-arginine and O2.	Superoxides	148-150	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	0-30
14602725-1	2004	Neuronal nitric-oxide synthase (nNOS) is a constitutively expressed enzyme responsible for the production of nitric oxide (NO*) from l-arginine and O2.	Superoxides	148-150	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	32-36
14602725-3	2004	In the absence of l-arginine, nNOS has been shown to generate superoxide (O2*).	Superoxides	62-72	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	30-34
14602725-3	2004	In the absence of l-arginine, nNOS has been shown to generate superoxide (O2*).	Superoxides	74-76	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	30-34
15774769-1	2005	Decreased levels of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), an absolute cofactor for nitric oxide synthase (NOS), lead to uncoupling of NOS into a superoxide v. nitric oxide producing enzyme, and it is this uncoupling that links it to the development of vascular disease.	Superoxides	134-144	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	72-93
15774769-6	2005	Hph-1 mice exhibited lower NOS activity (2.8 +/- 0.3 vs. 4.5 +/- 0.4 pmol/min/mg protein, P &lt; 0.01), and higher aortic superoxide content (5.2 +/- 2.0 x 10(5) cpm vs. 1.6 +/- 0.7 x 10(5) cpm, P &lt; 0.01) compared with wild-type controls, indicating uncoupling of NOS.	Superoxides	122-132	hyperphenylalaninemia 1	Mus musculus	0-5
15774769-7	2005	Treatment of hph-1 mice with BH4 significantly increased NOS activity (from 2.8 +/- 0.3 to 4.1 +/- 0.4 pmol.min(-1).mg protein(-1), P &lt; 0.05), and attenuated superoxide production (from 5.2 +/- 2.0 x 10(5) cpm to 0.8 +/- 0.7 x 10(5) cpm, P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	161-171	hyperphenylalaninemia 1	Mus musculus	13-18
16024627-3	2005	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is an important antioxidant enzyme encoded by the SOD2 gene that attenuates oxidative free radicals in the mitochondria by catalyzing the formation of hydrogen peroxide from superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
16024627-3	2005	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is an important antioxidant enzyme encoded by the SOD2 gene that attenuates oxidative free radicals in the mitochondria by catalyzing the formation of hydrogen peroxide from superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	89-93
15883815-4	2005	A polymorphism (Ala-9Val) in the mitochondrial targeting sequence (MTS) of the MnSOD gene has been proposed to affect protein localization and thereby influence cellular defence against superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	186-196	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	79-84
15806113-0	2005	Artocarpol A stimulation of superoxide anion generation in neutrophils involved the activation of PLC, PKC and p38 mitogen-activated PK signaling pathways.	Superoxides	28-44	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	111-114
15806113-12	2005	7 These results indicate that the ART stimulation of superoxide anion generation involved the activation of p38 MAPK, PLC/Ca2+, and PKC signaling pathways in rat neutrophils.	Superoxides	53-69	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	108-111
15797632-0	2005	Overexpression of a novel superoxide-producing enzyme, NADPH oxidase 1, in adenoma and well differentiated adenocarcinoma of the human colon.	Superoxides	26-36	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	55-70
15797632-1	2005	A superoxide-producing enzyme, NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1), dominantly expressed in the colon, is implicated in the pathogenesis of colon cancer.	Superoxides	2-12	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	31-46
15797632-1	2005	A superoxide-producing enzyme, NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1), dominantly expressed in the colon, is implicated in the pathogenesis of colon cancer.	Superoxides	2-12	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
15797575-0	2005	Spectrophotometric and fluorometric assay of superoxide ion using 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole.	Superoxides	45-55	OXA1L mitochondrial inner membrane protein	Homo sapiens	90-95
15797575-2	2005	These methods allow quantification of superoxide ion concentration by monitoring its reaction with 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (NBD-Cl), either by recording absorbance of the final reaction product at a wavelength of 470 nm or by measuring its fluorescence emission intensity at 550 nm using an excitation wavelength of 470 nm.	Superoxides	38-48	OXA1L mitochondrial inner membrane protein	Homo sapiens	123-128
15820617-3	2005	Gastric biopsies of hospitalized geriatric patients were analyzed for histology (Sidney classification), and real-time PCR was used to quantify mRNA expression of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidases NOX1, NOX2, and NOX5.	Superoxides	167-177	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	204-208
15699459-8	2005	These data provide the first evidence that O2*- is involved in the Ang II-stimulated influx of extracellular Ca2+ in neural cells and suggest a potential intracellular signaling mechanism involved in Ang II-mediated oxidant regulation of central neural control of blood pressure.	Superoxides	43-46	angiogenin, ribonuclease, RNase A family, 5	Mus musculus	67-70
15777779-9	2005	Aortic contents of key markers of oxidative stress (isoprostane F2alpha III, protein-bound carbonyls, nitrosylated protein) in connection with the protein expression of superoxide generating enzyme NAD(P)H oxidase (e.g. p47phox, pg91phox), a major source of reactive oxygen species in vascular tissue, were elevated as a function of diabetes.	Superoxides	169-179	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	220-227
15681189-5	2005	During an operation with four strains, i.e., EBHJ2, DP1, DK1 and DPD2794, which are responsive to superoxide damage (EBHJ2 and DP1), hydrogen peroxide (DK1), and DNA damage (DPD2794), the O.D.	Superoxides	98-108	prostaglandin D2 receptor	Homo sapiens	52-55
15706094-5	2005	Indeed, HSF1 deficiency caused a 37% decrease in renal cellular GSH/GSSG ratio, a marker of redox status, and a 40% increase in the rate of mitochondrial superoxide generation in Hsf1 knockout compared with wild-type mice.	Superoxides	154-164	heat shock factor 1	Mus musculus	179-183
16403978-5	2005	Contrary, superoxide inactivates IRP1 by a direct chemical attack being limited to the intracellular compartment.	Superoxides	10-20	aconitase 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
16107761-3	2005	Work by our group and that of others have shown that stimulation of mast cells through the high-affinity IgE receptor (FcepsilonRI) induces the production of ROS such as superoxide and H2O2 possibly by the phagocyte NADPH oxidase homologue and that these endogenously produced oxidants have important functions in regulation of various mast cell responses, including degranulation, leukotriene secretion, and cytokine production.	Superoxides	170-180	Fc epsilon receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	119-130
15638999-10	2005	Furthermore, plumbagin inhibited the superoxide production in Nox-4 transfected COS-7 cells.	Superoxides	37-47	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	62-67
15614286-2	2005	Rac 1 regulates a wide variety of cellular activities, including cell proliferation and migration, and also is a key regulator for the activity of the nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate oxidase the enzyme complex responsible for the production of a large fraction of cellular superoxide.	Superoxides	277-287	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	0-5
26519208-9	2016	DetaNONOate increased eNOS phosphorylation and its interaction with heat shock protein 90 (HSP90); increased levels of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) mRNA, protein, and activity; and decreased the mitochondrial superoxide levels in PPHN-PAECs.	Superoxides	119-129	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Ovis aries	143-147
28097126-8	2016	Moreover, NAMPT inhibitors increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and superoxide anion level but reduced the SOD activity and total antioxidative capacity in GBM cells.	Superoxides	82-98	nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase	Homo sapiens	10-15
26598510-7	2016	The protection from fibrotic remodelling was mediated by suppression of Smad2-dependent myofibroblast transdifferentiation and inhibition of Nox2-dependent atrial superoxide formation.	Superoxides	163-173	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	141-145
15322091-1	2004	Nox1 and Nox4, homologues of the leukocyte NADPH oxidase subunit Nox2 (gp91phox) mediate superoxide anion formation in various cell types.	Superoxides	89-105	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
15322091-1	2004	Nox1 and Nox4, homologues of the leukocyte NADPH oxidase subunit Nox2 (gp91phox) mediate superoxide anion formation in various cell types.	Superoxides	89-105	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	9-13
15322091-12	2004	We provide evidence that p22phox directly interacts with Nox1 and Nox4, to form an superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase and demonstrate that mutation of the potential heme binding site in the Nox proteins disrupts the complex formation of Nox1 and Nox4 with p22phox.	Superoxides	83-93	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	57-61
15322091-12	2004	We provide evidence that p22phox directly interacts with Nox1 and Nox4, to form an superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase and demonstrate that mutation of the potential heme binding site in the Nox proteins disrupts the complex formation of Nox1 and Nox4 with p22phox.	Superoxides	83-93	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	66-70
15509740-10	2004	These studies suggest that gp120 may induce neuronal apoptosis in the CNS of HAD patients through the CXCR4-NADPH oxidase-superoxide-NSMase-ceramide pathway.	Superoxides	122-132	sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 2	Homo sapiens	133-139
15451059-2	2004	Here we show that a tris-malonic acid derivative of the fullerene C60 molecule (C3) is capable of removing the biologically important superoxide radical with a rate constant (k(C3)) of 2 x 10(6) mol(-1) s(-1), approximately 100-fold slower than the superoxide dismutases (SOD), a family of enzymes responsible for endogenous dismutation of superoxide.	Superoxides	134-144	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	272-275
15451059-2	2004	Here we show that a tris-malonic acid derivative of the fullerene C60 molecule (C3) is capable of removing the biologically important superoxide radical with a rate constant (k(C3)) of 2 x 10(6) mol(-1) s(-1), approximately 100-fold slower than the superoxide dismutases (SOD), a family of enzymes responsible for endogenous dismutation of superoxide.	Superoxides	249-259	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	272-275
15451061-1	2004	Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is a widely distributed enzyme, involved in the metabolism of purines, which generates superoxide and is thought to be involved in free radical-generated tissue injury.	Superoxides	117-127	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	0-23
15451061-1	2004	Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is a widely distributed enzyme, involved in the metabolism of purines, which generates superoxide and is thought to be involved in free radical-generated tissue injury.	Superoxides	117-127	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	25-28
15512801-6	2004	Since MnSOD removes superoxide, these results suggest that superoxide free radical or its reaction products are responsible for part of the cytotoxicity associated with hyperthermia and that MnSOD can reduce cellular injury and thereby enhance heat tolerance.	Superoxides	20-30	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	6-11
15512801-6	2004	Since MnSOD removes superoxide, these results suggest that superoxide free radical or its reaction products are responsible for part of the cytotoxicity associated with hyperthermia and that MnSOD can reduce cellular injury and thereby enhance heat tolerance.	Superoxides	59-69	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	6-11
15271858-1	2004	We have shown that intracellular superoxide (O(2)(*-)) production in CNS neurons plays a key role in the pressor, bradycardic, and dipsogenic actions of Ang II in the brain.	Superoxides	33-43	angiogenin, ribonuclease, RNase A family, 5	Mus musculus	153-156
15271858-1	2004	We have shown that intracellular superoxide (O(2)(*-)) production in CNS neurons plays a key role in the pressor, bradycardic, and dipsogenic actions of Ang II in the brain.	Superoxides	45-49	angiogenin, ribonuclease, RNase A family, 5	Mus musculus	153-156
15271858-2	2004	In this study, we tested the hypothesis that a Rac1-dependent NADPH oxidase is a key source of O(2)(*-) in Ang II-sensitive neurons and is involved in these central Ang II-dependent effects.	Superoxides	95-99	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	47-51
15271858-10	2004	These results, for the first time, identify a Rac1-dependent NADPH oxidase as the source of central Ang II-induced O(2)(*-) production, and implicate this oxidase in cardiovascular diseases associated with dysregulation of brain Ang II signaling, including hypertension.	Superoxides	115-123	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	46-50
15271858-10	2004	These results, for the first time, identify a Rac1-dependent NADPH oxidase as the source of central Ang II-induced O(2)(*-) production, and implicate this oxidase in cardiovascular diseases associated with dysregulation of brain Ang II signaling, including hypertension.	Superoxides	115-123	angiogenin, ribonuclease, RNase A family, 5	Mus musculus	100-103
15517870-8	2004	In addition, over expression of the human SOD2 gene (MnSOD) inhibited NF-kappaB and pGL3CB1EI1 activity, indicating that superoxide or some species derived from superoxide may have participated in the up-regulation of reporter activity in response to chronic exposure to fractionated ionizing radiation.	Superoxides	121-131	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	42-46
15517870-8	2004	In addition, over expression of the human SOD2 gene (MnSOD) inhibited NF-kappaB and pGL3CB1EI1 activity, indicating that superoxide or some species derived from superoxide may have participated in the up-regulation of reporter activity in response to chronic exposure to fractionated ionizing radiation.	Superoxides	121-131	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	53-58
15517870-8	2004	In addition, over expression of the human SOD2 gene (MnSOD) inhibited NF-kappaB and pGL3CB1EI1 activity, indicating that superoxide or some species derived from superoxide may have participated in the up-regulation of reporter activity in response to chronic exposure to fractionated ionizing radiation.	Superoxides	161-171	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	42-46
15517870-8	2004	In addition, over expression of the human SOD2 gene (MnSOD) inhibited NF-kappaB and pGL3CB1EI1 activity, indicating that superoxide or some species derived from superoxide may have participated in the up-regulation of reporter activity in response to chronic exposure to fractionated ionizing radiation.	Superoxides	161-171	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	53-58
15313882-0	2004	Role of PDE4 in superoxide anion generation through p44/42MAPK regulation: a cAMP and a PKA-independent mechanism.	Superoxides	16-32	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	52-55
15313882-5	2004	We also observed that the inhibition of p44/42(MAPK) by PD98059 (1-10 microm) increased O(2)(*-) release by BAL cells enriched in neutrophils, but not by macrophages, and prevented the inhibition of O(2)(*-) production induced by PDE4 inhibitors.	Superoxides	88-92	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	40-43
15313882-5	2004	We also observed that the inhibition of p44/42(MAPK) by PD98059 (1-10 microm) increased O(2)(*-) release by BAL cells enriched in neutrophils, but not by macrophages, and prevented the inhibition of O(2)(*-) production induced by PDE4 inhibitors.	Superoxides	199-203	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	40-43
15326075-5	2004	LPS, TNF-alpha, and IL-1alpha all stimulated the formation of O2*- and expression of gp91(phox) in both PAVSMCs and PAECs, an effect inhibited by NADPH oxidase inhibitors, diphenyleneiodonium, and apocynin.	Superoxides	62-64	tumor necrosis factor	Sus scrofa	5-14
15289370-6	2004	Superoxide production and NADPH oxidase activity were enhanced in the ischemic area of the brain in Agtr2- mice.	Superoxides	0-10	angiotensin II receptor, type 2	Mus musculus	100-105
15289370-9	2004	CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that AT2 receptor stimulation has a protective effect on ischemic brain lesions, at least partly through the modulation of cerebral blood flow and superoxide production.	Superoxides	182-192	angiotensin II receptor, type 2	Mus musculus	40-52
15305022-1	2004	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is an antioxidative enzyme that scavenges superoxide radicals and is localized in the mitochondrial matrix.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
15532723-1	2004	We previously reported that an actin-binding protein, cofilin, is involved in superoxide production, phagocytosis, and chemotaxis in activated phagocytes through cytoskeletal reorganization.	Superoxides	78-88	cofilin 1	Homo sapiens	54-61
15467404-0	2004	Superoxide production from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes by human mannan-binding protein (MBP).	Superoxides	0-10	myelin basic protein	Homo sapiens	71-93
15467404-0	2004	Superoxide production from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes by human mannan-binding protein (MBP).	Superoxides	0-10	myelin basic protein	Homo sapiens	95-98
15467404-2	2004	In this study, we found that ligand-bound MBP stimulates polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) to induce cell aggregation and superoxide production.	Superoxides	123-133	myelin basic protein	Homo sapiens	42-45
15467404-4	2004	The PMN aggregation and superoxide production induced by ligand-bound MBP was blocked completely by pertussis toxin, and partially blocked by a platelet activation factor receptor antagonist, TCV-309.	Superoxides	24-34	myelin basic protein	Homo sapiens	70-73
26828873-11	2016	Moreover, beta3-AGO reduced BH4 and NO production and increased superoxide production, which was inhibited by the specific iNOS inhibitor, 1400w beta3-AGO also increased iNOS but decreased eNOS and had no effect on nNOS expression in AF.	Superoxides	64-74	nitric oxide synthase 2	Canis lupus familiaris	123-127
27336467-11	2016	CONCLUSION: Taken together, these results suggest that this Nox4-dependenet O2- production is critical for the apoptosis of HK-2 cells in high glucose.	Superoxides	76-78	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	60-64
26899340-4	2016	As mitochondria are the main site of superoxide production, among SODs, mitochondrial manganese SOD (MnSOD) is the primary antioxidant enzyme that protects cells from ROS.	Superoxides	37-47	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	86-99
26899340-4	2016	As mitochondria are the main site of superoxide production, among SODs, mitochondrial manganese SOD (MnSOD) is the primary antioxidant enzyme that protects cells from ROS.	Superoxides	37-47	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	101-106
26709664-5	2016	Activation of Nsm is associated with a massive release of superoxide.	Superoxides	58-68	sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 2	Homo sapiens	14-17
26709664-6	2016	Genetic knock-down of Nsm in RAW cells prevented superoxide production upon BCG infection.	Superoxides	49-59	sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 2	Homo sapiens	22-25
26709664-7	2016	Superoxide suppressed autophagy in BCG-infected macrophages in vitro and in vivo: Knock-down of Nsm or inhibition of superoxide restored autophagy in macrophages and increased killing of intracellular bacteria upon BCG infection.	Superoxides	0-10	sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 2	Homo sapiens	96-99
26709664-9	2016	These findings indicate that the Nsm/ceramide system plays a role in protecting mice against systemic tuberculosis by preventing superoxide-mediated inhibition of autophagy.	Superoxides	129-139	sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 2	Homo sapiens	33-36
26823950-2	2016	In addition to this housekeeping function, mammalian XOR is a physiological source of superoxide ion, hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide, which can function as second messengers in the activation of various pathways.	Superoxides	86-96	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	53-56
26504017-0	2015	Intercellular HOCl-mediated Apoptosis Induction in Malignant Cells: Interplay Between NOX1-Dependent Superoxide Anion Generation and DUOX-related HOCl-generating Peroxidase Activity.	Superoxides	101-117	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	86-90
26400460-1	2015	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), encoded by the SOD2 gene, is involved in the detoxification of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	103-119	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
14631377-0	2004	Specific modulation of calmodulin activity induces a dramatic production of superoxide by alveolar macrophages.	Superoxides	76-86	calmodulin-2	Cavia porcellus	23-33
15588129-8	2004	Reaction of FAL with diaphorase was lowered with SOD by 38 % indicating the partial participation of superoxide anion probably generated by the reaction of diaphorase with NADH or NADPH.	Superoxides	101-117	dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	21-31
15588129-8	2004	Reaction of FAL with diaphorase was lowered with SOD by 38 % indicating the partial participation of superoxide anion probably generated by the reaction of diaphorase with NADH or NADPH.	Superoxides	101-117	dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	156-166
14744014-2	2003	The oxidase, dormant in resting cells, becomes activated to produce superoxide, a precursor of microbicidal oxidants, by interacting with the adaptor proteins p47phox and p67phox as well as the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	68-78	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	171-178
14679173-3	2003	A new study demonstrates that hyperglycemia-induced mitochondrial superoxide production activates uncoupling protein 2, which decreases the ATP/ADP ratio and thus reduces the insulin-secretory response.	Superoxides	66-76	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	98-118
14500673-0	2003	Eosinophil major basic protein stimulates neutrophil superoxide production by a class IA phosphoinositide 3-kinase and protein kinase C-zeta-dependent pathway.	Superoxides	53-63	proteoglycan 2, pro eosinophil major basic protein	Homo sapiens	0-30
14500673-1	2003	Eosinophil major basic protein (MBP) is an effective stimulus for neutrophil superoxide (O(2)(-)) production, degranulation, and IL-8 production.	Superoxides	77-87	proteoglycan 2, pro eosinophil major basic protein	Homo sapiens	0-30
14500673-1	2003	Eosinophil major basic protein (MBP) is an effective stimulus for neutrophil superoxide (O(2)(-)) production, degranulation, and IL-8 production.	Superoxides	77-87	myelin basic protein	Homo sapiens	32-35
14500673-1	2003	Eosinophil major basic protein (MBP) is an effective stimulus for neutrophil superoxide (O(2)(-)) production, degranulation, and IL-8 production.	Superoxides	89-93	proteoglycan 2, pro eosinophil major basic protein	Homo sapiens	0-30
14500673-1	2003	Eosinophil major basic protein (MBP) is an effective stimulus for neutrophil superoxide (O(2)(-)) production, degranulation, and IL-8 production.	Superoxides	89-93	myelin basic protein	Homo sapiens	32-35
14500673-8	2003	Inhibition of protein kinase Czeta (PKCzeta) inhibited MBP-stimulated O(2)(-) production.	Superoxides	70-75	myelin basic protein	Homo sapiens	55-58
14500673-12	2003	We conclude that MBP stimulates a Src kinase-dependent activation of class I(A) PI3K and, in turn, activation of PKCzeta in neutrophils, which contributes to the activation of NADPH oxidase and the resultant O(2)(-) production in response to MBP stimulation.	Superoxides	208-215	myelin basic protein	Homo sapiens	17-20
14500740-2	2003	Stimulation of FPR and FPRL1 initiates a cascade of signaling events, leading to activation of various phagocyte responses, including chemotaxis, superoxide generation, and exocytosis.	Superoxides	146-156	formyl peptide receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus	23-28
12957658-4	2003	The addition of 3-morpholinosydnominine (SIN-1, 1 mM), which generates both superoxide and nitric oxide anions, to amiloride-treated monolayers resulted in a transient increase of ISC to a peak value of 35 +/- 1.3 microA/cm2 (X +/- SE, n=14) within the next 30-60 min.	Superoxides	76-86	mitogen-activated protein kinase associated protein 1	Mus musculus	41-52
12925450-1	2003	BACKGROUND: We recently reported that arterial superoxide (O2-) is augmented by increased endothelin-1 (ET-1) in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertension, a model of low renin hypertension.	Superoxides	47-57	renin	Rattus norvegicus	182-187
12925450-1	2003	BACKGROUND: We recently reported that arterial superoxide (O2-) is augmented by increased endothelin-1 (ET-1) in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertension, a model of low renin hypertension.	Superoxides	59-61	renin	Rattus norvegicus	182-187
12925450-6	2003	Treatment of arteries of DOCA-salt rats with the selective ETA receptor antagonist ABT-627, NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin, or superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic tempol abolished O2- and restored BH4 levels.	Superoxides	181-183	endothelin receptor type A	Rattus norvegicus	59-62
12925450-9	2003	CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that a BH4 deficiency resulting from ET-1-induced O2- via an ETA/NADPH oxidase pathway leads to endothelial dysfunction, and gene transfer of GTPCH I reverses the BH4 deficiency and endothelial dysfunction by reducing O2- in low renin mineralocorticoid hypertension.	Superoxides	86-88	endothelin receptor type A	Rattus norvegicus	97-100
12925450-9	2003	CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that a BH4 deficiency resulting from ET-1-induced O2- via an ETA/NADPH oxidase pathway leads to endothelial dysfunction, and gene transfer of GTPCH I reverses the BH4 deficiency and endothelial dysfunction by reducing O2- in low renin mineralocorticoid hypertension.	Superoxides	254-256	endothelin receptor type A	Rattus norvegicus	97-100
14503839-3	2003	We hypothesized that the inducibility of Mn-SOD and MT mRNA by paraquat, an intracellular superoxide generator, might be altered in lymphocytes of gastric cancer patients.	Superoxides	90-100	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	41-47
13678532-6	2003	The induction of HO-1 in monocytes suppresses not only Ang II-stimulated superoxide formation, but also Ang II-enhanced chemotactic activity.	Superoxides	73-83	angiogenin	Homo sapiens	55-58
12860917-3	2003	METHODS AND RESULTS: In pigs with streptozotocin-induced diabetes, superoxide formation was augmented in coronary media and adventitia because of increased NAD(P)H oxidase activity (3 months) accompanied by upregulated expression of its cytosolic subunit, p22phox.	Superoxides	67-77	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Sus scrofa	256-263
12862482-1	2003	Mn-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), which protects the cell from the toxic potential of superoxide radicals (O(2)(-*)), is the only type of SOD which resides in eukaryotic mitochondria.	Superoxides	3-13	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	25-31
12862482-1	2003	Mn-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), which protects the cell from the toxic potential of superoxide radicals (O(2)(-*)), is the only type of SOD which resides in eukaryotic mitochondria.	Superoxides	3-13	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	28-31
12862482-18	2003	Similar coordination and stabilization of the (*)OOH radical by the Mn center may be key steps in the enzymatic dismutation of superoxide radicals by Mn-SOD.	Superoxides	127-137	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	150-156
12716910-0	2003	Novel human homologues of p47phox and p67phox participate in activation of superoxide-producing NADPH oxidases.	Superoxides	75-85	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	38-45
32689025-5	2003	The production of H2O2 as well as the activities of H+-ATPase, NAD(P)H-dependent superoxide synthase, catalase, peroxidase, and Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase were evaluated in the foliar tissues up to 24 h after exposure to fenthion.	Superoxides	81-91	plasma membrane ATPase 1	Solanum lycopersicum	52-61
12686129-3	2003	Both in GO and CAO, formation of a superoxide ion that leads to the creation of a radical pair is experimentally suggested to be the rate-limiting step in the dioxygen reduction process.	Superoxides	35-45	amine oxidase copper containing 3	Homo sapiens	15-18
12637636-14	2003	Urine from FSGS patients effectively neutralized superoxide, whereas normal urine did not.	Superoxides	49-59	actinin alpha 4	Homo sapiens	11-15
12650928-3	2003	Pretreatment with MnCl(2), a superoxide scavenger, improves the survival of the sod1 strain upon hyperosmosis.	Superoxides	29-39	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	80-84
12600921-2	2003	Vascular superoxide level is also increased in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertension, which is associated with a markedly depressed plasma renin activity because of sodium retention.	Superoxides	9-19	renin	Rattus norvegicus	154-159
14695918-0	2003	Specificity of coenzyme Q inhibition of an aging-related cell surface NADH oxidase (ECTO-NOX) that generates superoxide.	Superoxides	109-119	tripartite motif containing 33	Homo sapiens	84-88
12586694-5	2003	The overexpression of Sods--mitochondrial Sod2 and cytosolic CuZnSod (Sod1)--delays the age-dependent reversible inactivation of mitochondrial aconitase, a superoxide-sensitive enzyme, and extends survival by 30%.	Superoxides	156-166	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	70-74
12456638-0	2002	The adaptor protein p40(phox) as a positive regulator of the superoxide-producing phagocyte oxidase.	Superoxides	61-71	interleukin 9	Homo sapiens	20-23
12456638-4	2002	Here we show that p40(phox) enhances membrane translocation of p67(phox) and p47(phox) in stimulated cells, which leads to facilitated production of superoxide.	Superoxides	149-159	interleukin 9	Homo sapiens	18-21
12388312-9	2002	production were elevated in iNOS-transduced rings (P &lt; 0.05, n = 7 for cGMP; P &lt; 0.01, n = 6-9 for O(2)(-).	Superoxides	105-109	nitric oxide synthase 2	Canis lupus familiaris	28-32
12426235-3	2002	We tested whether overexpression of MnSOD could decrease superoxide levels and protect the bladder from radiation damage.	Superoxides	57-67	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	36-41
12370493-0	2002	Intracellular superoxide induces apoptosis in VSMCs: role of mitochondrial membrane potential, cytochrome C and caspases.	Superoxides	14-24	caspase 8	Homo sapiens	112-120
12429571-0	2002	Superoxide anions mediate veratridine-induced cytochrome c release and caspase activity in bovine chromaffin cells.	Superoxides	0-17	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	46-58
22905396-1	2002	The role of the matrix metalloprotease-2 (MMP-2) in regulating Ca(2+)-ATPase activity in bovine pulmonary artery smooth muscle plasma membranes during treatment with the O2*- generating system, hypoxanthine (HPX) plus xanthine oxidase (XO) has been studied.	Superoxides	170-172	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Bos taurus	42-47
22905396-4	2002	Treatment of the smooth muscle membrane suspension with the O2*- generating system stimulates MMP-2 activity, as evidenced by an apparent increase in the intensity of the protease activity.	Superoxides	60-62	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Bos taurus	94-99
12512703-2	2002	Recently, it was suggested that bursts of superoxide anions may inactivate endothelial surface-bound enzymes such as angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE).	Superoxides	42-59	LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: angiotensin-converting enzyme	Cavia porcellus	117-146
12512703-2	2002	Recently, it was suggested that bursts of superoxide anions may inactivate endothelial surface-bound enzymes such as angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE).	Superoxides	42-59	LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: angiotensin-converting enzyme	Cavia porcellus	148-151
12456490-6	2002	In addition, Ang II stimulated superoxide generation in primary CNS cell cultures, and this was prevented by the Ang II receptor (Ang II type 1 subtype) antagonist losartan or AdSOD.	Superoxides	31-41	angiogenin, ribonuclease, RNase A family, 5	Mus musculus	13-16
12381518-8	2002	These results demonstrate that DLPC prevents TGF-beta1-induced increase in collagen mRNA by inhibiting generation of oxidative stress and associated H(2)O(2)-dependent p38 MAPK activation, which explains its antifibrogenic effect.	Superoxides	152-157	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	168-171
12426214-5	2002	Ang II regulates superoxide anion formation and the limiting subunit of endothelial NAD(P)H oxidase, gp91-phox, in a dose-dependent manner via Ang II type 1 (AT1) receptor-mediated induction and Ang II type 2 receptor-mediated partial inhibition at higher Ang II concentrations.	Superoxides	17-33	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	158-161
12398932-10	2002	Although xanthine dehydrogenase conversion to a free radical-producing oxidase can serve as an important source of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide during ischemia/reperfusion, our results suggest that urate formation by xanthine dehydrogenase may provide a significant antioxidant defense against peroxynitrite and related nitric oxide-derived oxidants.	Superoxides	115-125	xanthine dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	9-31
19649229-6	2002	Treatment of diabetic rats with CP (50 mg/kg intraperitoneally, bid) abolished not only the differences in superoxide, MDA and 8-ISO levels, but also the differences in the relaxation and cGMP responses of vascular tissue between control and diabetic rats to both ACh and nitroglycerine.	Superoxides	107-117	BH3 interacting domain death agonist	Rattus norvegicus	64-67
12030845-10	2002	These data indicate that: UCP2 (a) is at least partially refolded from sarkosyl-solubilized bacterial inclusion bodies by a two-step treatment with C12E9 detergent and hydroxyapatite; (b) binds purine and pyrimidine nucleoside triphosphates with low micromolar affinity; (c) binds GDP with the same affinity as GDP inhibits superoxide-stimulated uncoupling by kidney mitochondria; and (d) exhibits a different nucleotide preference than kidney mitochondria.	Superoxides	324-334	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	26-30
12193228-4	2002	In contrast, Sema7A is an extremely potent monocyte activator, stimulating chemotaxis at 0.1 pm and inflammatory cytokine production (interleukin-1 (IL-1beta), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), IL-6 and IL-8) and superoxide release at 1-10 pm.	Superoxides	221-231	semaphorin 7A (John Milton Hagen blood group)	Homo sapiens	13-19
12117500-11	2002	These results indicate that T. solium possesses a Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase enzyme that can protect him from oxidant-damage caused by the superoxide anion.	Superoxides	139-155	superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Bos taurus	50-76
12142351-14	2002	The underlying mechanism involves activation of a gp91phox-containing NADPH oxidase by Rac-1 and the subsequent scavenging of endothelium-derived NO by superoxide anions generated from this enzyme.	Superoxides	152-169	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	50-58
12083801-0	2002	Superoxide anion-dependent Raf/MEK/ERK activation by peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma agonists 15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2), ciglitazone, and GW1929.	Superoxides	0-16	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	27-30
12031898-7	2002	Further investigations into the mechanisms by which AA induced MnSOD expression showed that superoxide anions released from AA metabolism act as second messengers via a signal-controlling pathway involving protein kinase C and p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK).	Superoxides	92-109	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	63-68
11896053-6	2002	The constitutively active form of the hematopoietic-specific GEF, Vav1, was the most effective at activating superoxide production, despite detection of higher levels of Rac1-GTP upon expression of constitutively active Vav2 or Tiam1 derivatives.	Superoxides	109-119	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	66-70
11970915-10	2002	Cytofluorometric analysis of ETA-treated 16 HBE 14o(-) cells labeled with DiOC(6)(3) and hydroethidine showed a time- and dose-dependent reduction of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, detected 7 h after ETA treatment, and an increase in superoxide production, detected at 24 h, respectively.	Superoxides	246-256	endothelin receptor type A	Homo sapiens	29-32
11970915-12	2002	Taken together, our results show that ETA-induced death of epithelial respiratory cells was preceded by early mitochondrial dysfunction and superoxide anion production, but was not followed by the classically described apoptotic pathways.	Superoxides	140-156	endothelin receptor type A	Homo sapiens	38-41
12006387-2	2002	Here, we investigated the role of isoprenylcysteine carboxyl methyltransferase (ICMTase), which methylates isoprenylated CAAX (where C indicates cysteine; A, aliphatic amino acids; and X, almost any other amino acid) proteins, including Rac1, a component of superoxide-generating NAD(P)H oxidase, in the expression of VCAM-1.	Superoxides	258-268	isoprenylcysteine carboxyl methyltransferase	Homo sapiens	34-78
12006387-2	2002	Here, we investigated the role of isoprenylcysteine carboxyl methyltransferase (ICMTase), which methylates isoprenylated CAAX (where C indicates cysteine; A, aliphatic amino acids; and X, almost any other amino acid) proteins, including Rac1, a component of superoxide-generating NAD(P)H oxidase, in the expression of VCAM-1.	Superoxides	258-268	isoprenylcysteine carboxyl methyltransferase	Homo sapiens	80-87
11987087-13	2002	Although hydrogen peroxide had no effect on CPT I activity, the reactive oxygen species nitric oxide, superoxide, and peroxynitrite, all of which are generated in the heart during sepsis, significantly inhibited CPT I activity.	Superoxides	102-112	carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B	Rattus norvegicus	212-217
11937296-5	2002	We have previously shown that CsA induced a transcriptionally mediated increase of the eNOS gene expression and that CsA induced the formation of nitric oxide, O(2)(*-), and ONOO(-) in vascular endothelial cells.	Superoxides	160-164	ERCC excision repair 8, CSA ubiquitin ligase complex subunit	Homo sapiens	117-120
11937296-6	2002	In this work, we evaluate the CsA-induced relative amounts of formation of O(2)(*-) and NO*, providing data consistent with a role of O(2)(*-), and not NO*, as the limiting factor in the CsA-dependent intracellular formation of ONOO(-) in vascular endothelial cells.	Superoxides	75-79	ERCC excision repair 8, CSA ubiquitin ligase complex subunit	Homo sapiens	30-33
11937296-6	2002	In this work, we evaluate the CsA-induced relative amounts of formation of O(2)(*-) and NO*, providing data consistent with a role of O(2)(*-), and not NO*, as the limiting factor in the CsA-dependent intracellular formation of ONOO(-) in vascular endothelial cells.	Superoxides	134-138	ERCC excision repair 8, CSA ubiquitin ligase complex subunit	Homo sapiens	30-33
11937296-6	2002	In this work, we evaluate the CsA-induced relative amounts of formation of O(2)(*-) and NO*, providing data consistent with a role of O(2)(*-), and not NO*, as the limiting factor in the CsA-dependent intracellular formation of ONOO(-) in vascular endothelial cells.	Superoxides	134-138	ERCC excision repair 8, CSA ubiquitin ligase complex subunit	Homo sapiens	187-190
11937296-7	2002	Furthermore, when endothelial cells were treated with CsA in a situation of increased generation of superoxide such as that provided by high glucose levels, a further increase in the formation of peroxynitrite was detected.	Superoxides	100-110	ERCC excision repair 8, CSA ubiquitin ligase complex subunit	Homo sapiens	54-57
11985541-4	2002	Evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that superoxide (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) enhance BKCa channel activity in rat and cat cerebral arterioles; however, activity is decreased by peroxynitrite (ONOO-) in rat cerebral arteries.	Superoxides	56-66	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	110-114
11985541-4	2002	Evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that superoxide (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) enhance BKCa channel activity in rat and cat cerebral arterioles; however, activity is decreased by peroxynitrite (ONOO-) in rat cerebral arteries.	Superoxides	68-71	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	110-114
12042065-1	2002	HO2*, usually termed either hydroperoxyl radical or perhydroxyl radical, is the protonated form of superoxide; the protonation/deprotonation equilibrium exhibits a pK(a) of around 4.8.	Superoxides	99-109	heme oxygenase 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
12069100-2	2002	Taken as an index for superoxide overproduction, a significant induction of superoxide dismutase activity was observed in complex V-deficient fibroblasts harboring the NARP-mutation in the ATPase 6 gene.	Superoxides	22-32	mitochondrially encoded ATP synthase 6	Homo sapiens	189-197
12069112-3	2002	Cells with low frataxin content display generalized deficiency of mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster-containing proteins, which presumably denotes overproduction of superoxide radicals in these organelles.	Superoxides	164-174	frataxin	Homo sapiens	15-23
11834524-0	2002	Gene transfer of endothelial NO synthase and manganese superoxide dismutase on arterial vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression and superoxide production in deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt hypertension.	Superoxides	55-65	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	88-121
11834524-9	2002	VCAM-1 expression was significantly lower in MnSOD- and eNOS-transduced hypertensive arteries, with a concomitant reduction of superoxide level.	Superoxides	127-137	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
11834524-10	2002	These results suggest that gene transfer of MnSOD or eNOS suppresses arterial VCAM-1 expression in DOCA-salt hypertension by reducing the superoxide level.	Superoxides	138-148	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	78-84
11694543-7	2002	The isolated wild-type LIMK-overexpressing cells produced superoxide at a rate that was 3.2-fold higher than that of only GFP-expressing control cells, whereas the respiratory burst of dominant negative LIMK1(D460A)-expressing cells decreased to 31% of that of the control cells.	Superoxides	58-68	LIM domain kinase 1	Homo sapiens	23-27
11730893-4	2001	Demonstrating superoxide disproportionation and a correlation with cellular Cu2Zn2SOD activity is relevant and consistent with a role for PrP(C) in Cu endocytosis.	Superoxides	14-24	prion protein	Mus musculus	138-144
11696014-1	2001	When l-arginine is depleted, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) has been reported to generate superoxide.	Superoxides	97-107	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	29-59
11696014-1	2001	When l-arginine is depleted, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) has been reported to generate superoxide.	Superoxides	97-107	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
11696014-2	2001	A flavoprotein module construct of nNOS has been demonstrated to be sufficient for superoxide production.	Superoxides	83-93	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	35-39
11696014-4	2001	We aimed to resolve these controversial issues by examining superoxide generation, without the addition of redox-active cofactors, by recombinant wild-type nNOS and by C415A-nNOS, which has a mutation in the haem proximal site.	Superoxides	60-70	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	156-160
11696014-5	2001	In a superoxide-sensitive adrenochrome assay, the initial lag period of C415A-nNOS was increased 2-fold compared with that of native nNOS.	Superoxides	5-15	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	78-82
11696014-5	2001	In a superoxide-sensitive adrenochrome assay, the initial lag period of C415A-nNOS was increased 2-fold compared with that of native nNOS.	Superoxides	5-15	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	133-137
11696014-6	2001	With ESR using the spin trap 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide, prominent signals of the superoxide adduct were obtained with wild-type nNOS, whereas an enzyme preparation boiled for 5 min did not produce superoxide.	Superoxides	88-98	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	135-139
11696014-8	2001	Although the activity of the reductase domain was intact, superoxide generation from C415A-nNOS was decreased markedly, to only 10% of that of the wild-type enzyme.	Superoxides	58-68	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	91-95
11696014-9	2001	These results demonstrate that nNOS truly catalyses superoxide formation, that this involves the oxygenase domain, and that full-length nNOS hinders the reductase domain from producing superoxide.	Superoxides	52-62	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	31-35
11696014-9	2001	These results demonstrate that nNOS truly catalyses superoxide formation, that this involves the oxygenase domain, and that full-length nNOS hinders the reductase domain from producing superoxide.	Superoxides	52-62	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	136-140
11696014-9	2001	These results demonstrate that nNOS truly catalyses superoxide formation, that this involves the oxygenase domain, and that full-length nNOS hinders the reductase domain from producing superoxide.	Superoxides	185-195	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	31-35
11696014-9	2001	These results demonstrate that nNOS truly catalyses superoxide formation, that this involves the oxygenase domain, and that full-length nNOS hinders the reductase domain from producing superoxide.	Superoxides	185-195	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	136-140
11580280-1	2001	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) cycles between the Mn(II) and Mn(III) states during the catalyzed disproportionation of O(2)(*-), a catalysis that is limited at micromolar levels of superoxide by a peroxide-inhibited complex with the metal.	Superoxides	127-131	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
11580280-1	2001	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) cycles between the Mn(II) and Mn(III) states during the catalyzed disproportionation of O(2)(*-), a catalysis that is limited at micromolar levels of superoxide by a peroxide-inhibited complex with the metal.	Superoxides	127-131	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
11580280-1	2001	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) cycles between the Mn(II) and Mn(III) states during the catalyzed disproportionation of O(2)(*-), a catalysis that is limited at micromolar levels of superoxide by a peroxide-inhibited complex with the metal.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
11580280-6	2001	Catalysis by W161A and W161F MnSOD was associated with a decrease of at least 100-fold in the catalytic rate of reduction of superoxide, which then promotes a competing pathway leading to product inhibition.	Superoxides	125-135	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	29-34
11758905-7	2001	Thus, the significant increase in serum ornithine carbamoyltransferase activities as the marker of liver lesions may result from the marked accumulation of liver lipids, decreased activities of hepatic superoxide dismutase, and the increased level of hepatic 1,2-diacylglycerol, followed by possibly the increased level of superoxide anion and increased activity of protein kinase C in rats fed the casein diet with orotic acid added.	Superoxides	323-339	ornithine transcarbamylase	Rattus norvegicus	40-70
11571247-0	2001	Nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) gene transfer modifies venous bypass graft remodeling: effects on vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation and superoxide production.	Superoxides	143-153	nitric oxide synthase, brain	Oryctolagus cuniculus	23-27
11571247-7	2001	In late VGs, recombinant nNOS protein was no longer evident, but there were sustained effects on VG remodeling, resulting in a striking reduction in SMC intimal hyperplasia, a more differentiated intimal SMC phenotype, and reduced vascular superoxide production.	Superoxides	240-250	nitric oxide synthase, brain	Oryctolagus cuniculus	25-29
11331784-1	2001	Nox1, a homologue of gp91phox, the catalytic moiety of the superoxide (O(2)(-))-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes, causes increased O(2)(-) generation, increased mitotic rate, cell transformation, and tumorigenicity when expressed in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts.	Superoxides	59-69	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
11331784-1	2001	Nox1, a homologue of gp91phox, the catalytic moiety of the superoxide (O(2)(-))-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes, causes increased O(2)(-) generation, increased mitotic rate, cell transformation, and tumorigenicity when expressed in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts.	Superoxides	71-75	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
11331784-1	2001	Nox1, a homologue of gp91phox, the catalytic moiety of the superoxide (O(2)(-))-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes, causes increased O(2)(-) generation, increased mitotic rate, cell transformation, and tumorigenicity when expressed in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts.	Superoxides	137-141	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
11357953-9	2001	These data are the first demonstration of elevated levels of ROS in neurons at risk in any genetic neurodegenerative disorder and, furthermore, suggest that ATM acts as a pro-survival signal in post-mitotic Purkinje cells and dopaminergic neurons by modifying superoxide radical handling in these selectively vulnerable neurons.	Superoxides	260-270	ataxia telangiectasia mutated	Mus musculus	157-160
11318943-11	2001	RESULTS: Proteinase-3 expression (active 63.04 +/- 5.6% of total number of cells, remission 51.47 +/- 7.9% of total number of cells, control 17.7 +/- 4.7% of total number of cells, P &lt; 0.05) and basal superoxide production (active 6.9 +/- 0.8 nmol/L x 10(6) cells, remission 5.15 +/- 0.4 nmol/L/10(6) cells, control 3.63 +/- 0.3 nmol/L/10(6) cells, P &lt; 0.001) were significantly greater with freshly isolated PMN from patients than controls.	Superoxides	204-214	proteinase 3	Homo sapiens	9-21
11315931-8	2001	RESULTS: Activation of PMN by MPO-ANCA-positive IgG preparations compared with PR3-ANCA-positive IgG preparations resulted in greater generation of superoxide anions (MPO-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 9.13 +/- 0.39 nmoles [mean +/- SEM], PR3-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 6.32 +/- 0.35 nmoles; P &lt; 0.001), Ca2+ fluxes (MPO-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 0.735 +/- 0.10, PR3-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 0.33 +/- 0.098; P &lt; 0.01), and MPO degranulation (MPO-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 251.98 +/- 26.7 ng, PR3-ANCA-positive IgG preparations 145.19 +/- 19.4 ng; P &lt; 0.001).	Superoxides	148-165	proteinase 3	Homo sapiens	79-82
11259567-2	2001	Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP(3)), a product of phosphoinositide 3-OH-kinase (PI 3-kinase) accumulated in response to fMLP and this accumulation was well correlated with O2 production in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	186-188	peptidase inhibitor 3	Homo sapiens	94-98
11238661-5	2001	Direct cross-linking of the alpha(4) integrin subunit by surface-bound mAbs also elicited superoxide release and release of the secondary granule marker, lactoferrin.	Superoxides	90-100	immunoglobulin (CD79A) binding protein 1	Mus musculus	28-36
11223425-5	2001	The stimulation of BAEC with superoxide increased the production of MMP-2 and it also induced its activation.	Superoxides	29-39	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Bos taurus	68-73
11257443-1	2001	Cofilin, an actin-binding protein, plays an important role in the migration, phagocytosis, and superoxide production of activated phagocytes through cytoskeletal reorganization.	Superoxides	95-105	cofilin 1	Homo sapiens	0-7
11118808-1	2000	Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is an essential enzyme for prostaglandin synthesis from arachidonic acid, during which considerable amounts of superoxide are produced.	Superoxides	136-146	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-16
11118808-1	2000	Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is an essential enzyme for prostaglandin synthesis from arachidonic acid, during which considerable amounts of superoxide are produced.	Superoxides	136-146	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	18-23
11073107-0	2000	C5a-stimulated human neutrophils use a subset of beta2 integrins to support the adhesion-dependent phase of superoxide production.	Superoxides	108-118	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	49-54
11073107-9	2000	Thus, PMN treated with C5a used signals via CR3, P150/95, and alphad/beta2, but not LFA-1, to support superoxide production.	Superoxides	102-112	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	69-74
11046152-13	2000	These findings suggest that COX-2 promotes cell survival by a mechanism linking increased expression of prosurvival genes coupled to inhibition of NO- and superoxide-mediated apoptosis.	Superoxides	155-165	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	28-33
11071366-6	2000	In support of an intermediary role of superoxide ions or H2O2 in the action of glutathione/Fe2+ system, superoxide dismutase and catalase expressed a substantial protection against the inactivation by the glutathione/Fe2+ system.	Superoxides	38-48	catalase	Bos taurus	129-137
11092911-6	2000	It was also suggested that peroxidase(s) or copper amine oxidase(s) are involved in the extracellular superoxide production as a consequence of H2O2 production.	Superoxides	102-112	peroxidase N1-like	Nicotiana tabacum	27-37
10944535-6	2000	When loaded with copper independent of CCS, this mutant SOD1 exhibited superoxide scavenging activity, but was normally inactive in vivo because CCS failed to recognize the enzyme.	Superoxides	71-81	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	56-60
11050244-0	2000	Hyperglycemia-induced mitochondrial superoxide overproduction activates the hexosamine pathway and induces plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 expression by increasing Sp1 glycosylation.	Superoxides	36-46	serpin family E member 1	Bos taurus	107-140
11037884-0	2000	Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and beta2 integrins in C1q-stimulated superoxide production by human neutrophils: an example of a general regulatory mechanism governing acute inflammation.	Superoxides	72-82	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	38-43
11037884-1	2000	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and beta2 integrins in the production of superoxide (O2-) by C1q-stimulated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN).	Superoxides	122-132	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	85-90
11037884-1	2000	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and beta2 integrins in the production of superoxide (O2-) by C1q-stimulated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN).	Superoxides	134-136	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	85-90
11037884-8	2000	CONCLUSION: beta2 integrin binding to an ICAM provided an essential costimulatory signal for O2-production triggered by C1q in PMN.	Superoxides	93-95	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	12-17
11037884-9	2000	Our findings suggest a model for PMN activation in which 2 stimuli are required for O2- production: a first signal that also activates PMN beta2 integrins, followed by a second, beta2 integrin-mediated signal, which occurs physiologically upon PMN binding to ICAM-1.	Superoxides	84-86	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	139-144
11037884-9	2000	Our findings suggest a model for PMN activation in which 2 stimuli are required for O2- production: a first signal that also activates PMN beta2 integrins, followed by a second, beta2 integrin-mediated signal, which occurs physiologically upon PMN binding to ICAM-1.	Superoxides	84-86	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	178-183
11030714-2	2000	We studied whether AT2 receptor could antagonize AT1 mediated superoxide formation in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	62-72	angiotensin II receptor type 2	Homo sapiens	19-22
11030714-2	2000	We studied whether AT2 receptor could antagonize AT1 mediated superoxide formation in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	62-72	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	49-52
11030714-7	2000	In contrast, blockade of AT2 receptors by PD123319 enhanced the superoxide formation by 73.7% in intact cells.	Superoxides	64-74	angiotensin II receptor type 2	Homo sapiens	25-28
11030714-9	2000	The tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor vanadate, in turn, prevented the AT2 mediated effects on superoxide formation.	Superoxides	92-102	angiotensin II receptor type 2	Homo sapiens	68-71
11030714-11	2000	It is concluded that AT2 functionally antagonizes the AT1 induced endothelial superoxide formation by a pathway involving tyrosine phosphatases.	Superoxides	78-88	angiotensin II receptor type 2	Homo sapiens	21-24
11030714-11	2000	It is concluded that AT2 functionally antagonizes the AT1 induced endothelial superoxide formation by a pathway involving tyrosine phosphatases.	Superoxides	78-88	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	54-57
11097471-3	2000	Incubation with 20 microg/L of CrPic enhanced glucose uptake and O2- production in an insulin-dependent manner.	Superoxides	65-67	insulin	Sus scrofa	86-93
11090627-1	2000	p67phox is an essential part of the NADPH oxidase, a multiprotein enzyme complex that produces superoxide ions in response to microbial infection.	Superoxides	95-105	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-7
11057762-5	2000	The stimulatory effect of GRP and NPY on mobility, ingestion and superoxide production in macrophages from adult mice disappears (GRP) or changes to inhibition (NPY) in cells from old animals.	Superoxides	65-75	neuropeptide Y	Mus musculus	34-37
10973620-1	2000	We investigated the involvement of p160ROCK (a Rho-associated coiled coil-forming protein kinase), one of Rho kinases on superoxide anion production (O(2)(-) production), aggregation and adhesion of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes under physiological condition, using a selective p160ROCK inhibitor, (+)-(R)-trans-4-(1-aminoethyl)-N-(4-pyridyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide (Y-27632).	Superoxides	121-137	Rho associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	35-43
10973620-1	2000	We investigated the involvement of p160ROCK (a Rho-associated coiled coil-forming protein kinase), one of Rho kinases on superoxide anion production (O(2)(-) production), aggregation and adhesion of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes under physiological condition, using a selective p160ROCK inhibitor, (+)-(R)-trans-4-(1-aminoethyl)-N-(4-pyridyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide (Y-27632).	Superoxides	150-154	Rho associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	35-43
10962132-6	2000	Increased SOD-activities in the mitochondria could lower the superoxide concentration in this organelle and may prevent an oxidative and/or nitrosative damage via a decreased peroxynitrite formation.	Superoxides	61-71	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	10-13
10924720-10	2000	The findings suggest that large changes in the SOD isoenzymes might occur in vascular diseases, significantly altering the susceptibility of the vascular wall to adverse effects of the superoxide radical.	Superoxides	185-195	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	47-50
10926968-0	2000	Superoxide generation links nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NOC/oFQ) release to impaired N-methyl-D-aspartate cerebrovasodilation after brain injury.	Superoxides	0-10	prepronociceptin	Sus scrofa	28-38
10926968-0	2000	Superoxide generation links nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NOC/oFQ) release to impaired N-methyl-D-aspartate cerebrovasodilation after brain injury.	Superoxides	0-10	prepronociceptin	Sus scrofa	39-50
10919671-1	2000	Manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is an essential primary antioxidant enzyme that converts superoxide radical to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen within the mitochondrial matrix.	Superoxides	107-125	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-41
10919671-1	2000	Manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is an essential primary antioxidant enzyme that converts superoxide radical to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen within the mitochondrial matrix.	Superoxides	107-125	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	43-48
10869423-3	2000	We have characterized a source of superoxide anions in the kidney that we refer to as a renal NAD(P)H oxidase or Renox.	Superoxides	34-51	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	88-109
10869423-3	2000	We have characterized a source of superoxide anions in the kidney that we refer to as a renal NAD(P)H oxidase or Renox.	Superoxides	34-51	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	113-118
10869423-6	2000	NIH 3T3 fibroblasts overexpressing transfected Renox show increased production of superoxide and develop signs of cellular senescence.	Superoxides	82-92	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	47-52
15001455-2	2004	Among various mechanisms implicated in the impaired EDR in atherosclerosis, superoxide generated from dysfunctional eNOS has attracted attention.	Superoxides	76-86	erythroid differentiation regulator 1	Mus musculus	52-55
15149330-10	2004	RESULTS: PR3-ANCA-treated mPR3(high) versus mPR3(low) neutrophils showed more superoxide generation (33.7 +/- 15.2 nmol O(2) (-) to 14.6 +/- 8.4, P &lt; 0.01), more degranulation (29%+/- 5 to 22%+/- 3, P &lt; 0.05), and more PI3-K/Akt activation.	Superoxides	78-88	proteinase 3	Homo sapiens	9-12
15149330-10	2004	RESULTS: PR3-ANCA-treated mPR3(high) versus mPR3(low) neutrophils showed more superoxide generation (33.7 +/- 15.2 nmol O(2) (-) to 14.6 +/- 8.4, P &lt; 0.01), more degranulation (29%+/- 5 to 22%+/- 3, P &lt; 0.05), and more PI3-K/Akt activation.	Superoxides	120-124	proteinase 3	Homo sapiens	9-12
15207272-8	2004	Overexpression of AATF suppressed superoxide production, inhibited peroxynitrite formation and membrane lipid peroxidation, and protected against Abeta-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells.	Superoxides	34-44	apoptosis antagonizing transcription factor	Rattus norvegicus	18-22
15163543-14	2004	Although without supportive data, superoxide production induced by arsenic exposure can theoretically impair insulin secretion by interaction with uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), and oxidative stress can also cause amyloid formation in the pancreas, which could progressively destroy the insulin-secreting beta cells.	Superoxides	34-44	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	147-167
15163543-14	2004	Although without supportive data, superoxide production induced by arsenic exposure can theoretically impair insulin secretion by interaction with uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), and oxidative stress can also cause amyloid formation in the pancreas, which could progressively destroy the insulin-secreting beta cells.	Superoxides	34-44	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	169-173
15150115-0	2004	The superoxide-generating oxidase Nox1 is functionally required for Ras oncogene transformation.	Superoxides	4-14	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	34-38
15150115-4	2004	Here, we report that Ras oncogene up-regulates the expression of Nox1, a homologue of the catalytic subunit of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase, via the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase-mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, and that small interfering RNAs designed to target Nox1 mRNA effectively blocks the Ras transformed phenotypes including anchorage-independent growth, morphological changes, and production of tumors in athymic mice.	Superoxides	115-125	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	65-69
15150115-4	2004	Here, we report that Ras oncogene up-regulates the expression of Nox1, a homologue of the catalytic subunit of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase, via the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase-mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, and that small interfering RNAs designed to target Nox1 mRNA effectively blocks the Ras transformed phenotypes including anchorage-independent growth, morphological changes, and production of tumors in athymic mice.	Superoxides	115-125	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	293-297
14970220-5	2004	Superoxide formation was also reduced in J774 cells transfected with a cDNA expressing dominant-negative form of RhoA (N19RhoA).	Superoxides	0-10	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	113-117
14970220-5	2004	Superoxide formation was also reduced in J774 cells transfected with a cDNA expressing dominant-negative form of RhoA (N19RhoA).	Superoxides	0-10	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	122-126
21782712-2	2004	In the present study, SNL glycoprotein showed a dose-dependent radical scavenging activity on radicals, including 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, hydroxyl radical (OH), and superoxide anion (O(2)(-)).	Superoxides	188-204	fascin actin-bundling protein 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
21782712-2	2004	In the present study, SNL glycoprotein showed a dose-dependent radical scavenging activity on radicals, including 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, hydroxyl radical (OH), and superoxide anion (O(2)(-)).	Superoxides	206-210	fascin actin-bundling protein 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
15370890-6	2004	O2*- -induced changes in MMP-2 activity, ATP-dependent Ca2+ uptake and Na+-dependent Ca2+ uptake, were not reversed upon pretreatment of the microsomes with a low dose (5 microg ml(-1)) of TIMP-2 which, on the contrary, reversed MMP-2 (1 microg ml(-1))-mediated alteration on these parameters.	Superoxides	0-3	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Bos taurus	25-30
15370890-6	2004	O2*- -induced changes in MMP-2 activity, ATP-dependent Ca2+ uptake and Na+-dependent Ca2+ uptake, were not reversed upon pretreatment of the microsomes with a low dose (5 microg ml(-1)) of TIMP-2 which, on the contrary, reversed MMP-2 (1 microg ml(-1))-mediated alteration on these parameters.	Superoxides	0-3	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Bos taurus	229-234
15370890-8	2004	Treatment of TIMP-2 (5 microg ml(-1)) with the O2*- -generating system abolished the inhibitory effect of TIMP-2 (5 microg ml(-1)) on MMP-2 (1 microg ml(-1)) (measured by (14)C-gelatin degradation).	Superoxides	47-49	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Bos taurus	134-139
15370890-9	2004	Overall, the present study suggests that O2*- inactivated TIMP-2, the ambient inhibitor of MMP-2, leading to activation of the ambient proteinase, MMP-2, which subsequently stimulated Ca2+ ATPase activity and ATP-dependent Ca2+ uptake, but inhibited Na+-dependent Ca2+ uptake, resulting in a marked decrease in Ca2+ uptake in the smooth muscle microsomes.	Superoxides	41-44	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Bos taurus	91-96
15370890-9	2004	Overall, the present study suggests that O2*- inactivated TIMP-2, the ambient inhibitor of MMP-2, leading to activation of the ambient proteinase, MMP-2, which subsequently stimulated Ca2+ ATPase activity and ATP-dependent Ca2+ uptake, but inhibited Na+-dependent Ca2+ uptake, resulting in a marked decrease in Ca2+ uptake in the smooth muscle microsomes.	Superoxides	41-44	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Bos taurus	147-152
15370890-9	2004	Overall, the present study suggests that O2*- inactivated TIMP-2, the ambient inhibitor of MMP-2, leading to activation of the ambient proteinase, MMP-2, which subsequently stimulated Ca2+ ATPase activity and ATP-dependent Ca2+ uptake, but inhibited Na+-dependent Ca2+ uptake, resulting in a marked decrease in Ca2+ uptake in the smooth muscle microsomes.	Superoxides	41-44	carbonic anhydrase 2	Bos taurus	184-195
15006901-0	2004	A critical "threshold" of beta 2-integrin engagement regulates augmentation of cytokine-mediated superoxide anion release.	Superoxides	97-113	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	26-32
14576080-0	2004	Superoxide, H2O2, and iron are required for TNF-alpha-induced MCP-1 gene expression in endothelial cells: role of Rac1 and NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	0-10	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	114-118
14576080-9	2004	Rac1 is an upstream signaling molecule for the activation of NADPH oxidase and O(2)(-).	Superoxides	79-83	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	0-4
14576080-13	2004	These data suggest that ROS such as superoxide and H(2)O(2) derived from Rac1-activated NADPH oxidase mediate TNF-alpha-induced MCP-1 expression in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	36-46	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	73-77
15032331-1	2004	We have previously found that xanthine oxidase (one form of xanthine oxidoreductase that generates reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide) is present in corneal epithelium of normal rabbit eye.	Superoxides	132-142	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	60-83
14758023-0	2004	Superoxide generation by Nox1 in guinea pig gastric mucosal cells involves a component with p67(phox)-ability.	Superoxides	0-10	NADPH oxidase 1	Cavia porcellus	25-29
14758023-1	2004	Nox1, a homologue of gp91(phox) subunit of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase, is responsible for spontaneous superoxide (O(2)(-)) generation in guinea pig gastric mucosal cells (GMC), but involvement of regulatory components (p67(phox), p47(phox), and Rac) which are essential in phagocytes remains unknown.	Superoxides	103-113	NADPH oxidase 1	Cavia porcellus	0-4
15051313-4	2004	A network of intramitochondrial antioxidants consisting of the enzymes Mn-superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase and of the reductants NADH(2), ubiquinol and reduced glutathione, is operative in minimizing the potentially harmful effects of O(2)(-), NO, H(2)O(2) and ONOO(-).	Superoxides	250-254	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	71-94
12959930-6	2004	In addition, we showed that TGF-beta stimulated superoxide production and increased release of H2O2 from the cells, whereas GSH ester decreased basal and TGF-beta + glucose oxidase-stimulated H2O2 release.	Superoxides	48-58	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	28-36
15777015-1	2004	The release of cytochrome c from mitochondria during apoptosis results in the enhanced production of superoxide radicals, which are converted to H2O2 by Mn-superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	101-120	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	153-176
16328846-0	2004	Superoxide, Hydrogen Peroxide and Hydroxyl Radical in D1/D2/cytochrome b-559 Photosystem II Reaction Center Complex.	Superoxides	0-10	leiomodin 1	Homo sapiens	54-59
16328846-1	2004	Spin-trapping electron spin resonance (ESR) was used to monitor the formation of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals in D1/D2/cytochrome b-559 Photosystem II reaction center (PS II RC) Complex.	Superoxides	81-91	leiomodin 1	Homo sapiens	117-122
14700542-4	2004	In the classical assays, bactericidal effect on opsonized, live bacteria was quantified by the conversion of an indicator substance, superoxide anion production was assayed by the reduction of cytochrome c, whereas myeloperoxidase activity was determined with a radioactive iodination assay.	Superoxides	133-149	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	193-205
14679178-0	2003	Superoxide-mediated activation of uncoupling protein 2 causes pancreatic beta cell dysfunction.	Superoxides	0-10	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	34-54
14679178-4	2003	Of interest, it has recently been shown that superoxide, when added to isolated mitochondria, activates UCP2-mediated proton leak.	Superoxides	45-55	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	104-108
14679178-5	2003	Since obesity and chronic hyperglycemia increase mitochondrial superoxide production, as well as UCP2 expression in pancreatic beta cells, a superoxide-UCP2 pathway could contribute importantly to obesity- and hyperglycemia-induced beta cell dysfunction.	Superoxides	63-73	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	152-156
14679178-5	2003	Since obesity and chronic hyperglycemia increase mitochondrial superoxide production, as well as UCP2 expression in pancreatic beta cells, a superoxide-UCP2 pathway could contribute importantly to obesity- and hyperglycemia-induced beta cell dysfunction.	Superoxides	141-151	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	97-101
14679178-5	2003	Since obesity and chronic hyperglycemia increase mitochondrial superoxide production, as well as UCP2 expression in pancreatic beta cells, a superoxide-UCP2 pathway could contribute importantly to obesity- and hyperglycemia-induced beta cell dysfunction.	Superoxides	141-151	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	152-156
14679178-6	2003	This study demonstrates that endogenously produced mitochondrial superoxide activates UCP2-mediated proton leak, thus lowering ATP levels and impairing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.	Superoxides	65-75	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	86-90
14679178-9	2003	Therefore, superoxide-mediated activation of UCP2 could play an important role in the pathogenesis of beta cell dysfunction and type 2 diabetes.	Superoxides	11-21	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	45-49
14510783-12	2003	We suggest that Ang II facilitates autoregulation by a tubuloglomerular feedback-dependent mechanism through AT1 receptor-mediated depletion of nitric oxide, probably by stimulating generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	196-206	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	109-112
12909277-6	2003	Furthermore, the SNL extract was revealed to be a potential scavenger of hydroxyl radicals and DPPH radicals rather than superoxide anions.	Superoxides	121-138	fascin actin-bundling protein 1	Homo sapiens	17-20
14703794-10	2003	We also suggest that many of the allegedly O2*- dependent bacterial pathologies and carcinogenic derailments are due to membrane-modifying activity rather than other chemical reactions of O2*-/HO2*.	Superoxides	43-45	heme oxygenase 2	Homo sapiens	193-196
12913063-0	2003	ETA receptor blockade decreases vascular superoxide generation in DOCA-salt hypertension.	Superoxides	41-51	endothelin receptor type A	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
12913063-5	2003	In DOCA-salt rats, the ETA antagonist BMS 182874 (40 mg/kg per day PO) lowered SBP (170+/-4 versus UniNx, 120+/-3 mm Hg) and normalized superoxide production (21.7+/-6 versus UniNx, 11.9+/-7%).	Superoxides	136-146	endothelin receptor type A	Rattus norvegicus	23-26
12913063-13	2003	These in vivo findings indicate that increased vascular superoxide production is associated with activation of the endothelin system through ETA receptors in DOCA-salt hypertension, in apparently blood pressure-independent fashion.	Superoxides	56-66	endothelin receptor type A	Rattus norvegicus	141-144
12788061-6	2003	The TPT-dependent suppression of LC-PTP was confirmed by real-time PCR analysis, and the results of immunoblotting indicated that TPT enhances the expression of myeloid specific tyrosine kinase hck by about 30% at the protein level, and this together with the reduction of LC-PTP may enhance tyrosine phosphorylation, in turn resulting in enhancement of superoxide production.	Superoxides	354-364	HCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	194-197
12657628-9	2003	Heterologous co-expression of p41 and p51 significantly enhances the superoxide-generating activity of Nox1-expressing cells; thus, p41 and p51 appear to be novel regulators of Nox1.	Superoxides	69-79	erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.1	Mus musculus	30-33
12657628-9	2003	Heterologous co-expression of p41 and p51 significantly enhances the superoxide-generating activity of Nox1-expressing cells; thus, p41 and p51 appear to be novel regulators of Nox1.	Superoxides	69-79	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	103-107
12657628-9	2003	Heterologous co-expression of p41 and p51 significantly enhances the superoxide-generating activity of Nox1-expressing cells; thus, p41 and p51 appear to be novel regulators of Nox1.	Superoxides	69-79	erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.1	Mus musculus	132-135
12657628-9	2003	Heterologous co-expression of p41 and p51 significantly enhances the superoxide-generating activity of Nox1-expressing cells; thus, p41 and p51 appear to be novel regulators of Nox1.	Superoxides	69-79	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	177-181
12690222-14	2003	CONCLUSIONS: Adenoviral-mediated overexpression of iNOS results in increased production of O2*(-) in carotid arteries from cholesterol- but not chow-fed animals.	Superoxides	91-93	nitric oxide synthase, inducible	Oryctolagus cuniculus	51-55
12667183-4	2003	SP caused equine eosinophils to adhere, migrate and produce superoxide, although high concentrations were required to produce these effects [10 +/- 2% adherence, 45 +/- 20 cells/0.3 mm2 and 48 +/- 7 nmol (of reduced cytochrome C)/106 cells, respectively, at 3 x 10-4 m].	Superoxides	60-70	tachykinin precursor 1	Equus caballus	0-2
12667183-6	2003	Eosinophils from hypersensitive ponies produced more superoxide in response to SP, but not phorbol myristate acetate or histamine, over the concentration range tested when compared with cells from normal ponies.	Superoxides	53-63	tachykinin precursor 1	Equus caballus	79-81
12627943-1	2003	Catalysis of the disproportionation of superoxide by human manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is characterized by an initial burst of catalysis followed by a much slower region that is zero order in superoxide and due to a product inhibition by peroxide anion.	Superoxides	39-49	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	59-89
12627943-1	2003	Catalysis of the disproportionation of superoxide by human manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is characterized by an initial burst of catalysis followed by a much slower region that is zero order in superoxide and due to a product inhibition by peroxide anion.	Superoxides	39-49	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	91-96
12627943-1	2003	Catalysis of the disproportionation of superoxide by human manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is characterized by an initial burst of catalysis followed by a much slower region that is zero order in superoxide and due to a product inhibition by peroxide anion.	Superoxides	69-79	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	91-96
12627943-3	2003	Using pulse radiolysis to generate superoxide, we have determined that kcat/K(m) was decreased and product inhibition increased for H30V MnSOD, both by 1-2 orders of magnitude, compared with wild type, H30N, and H30Q MnSOD.	Superoxides	35-45	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	137-142
12642365-4	2003	Northern blotting and immunoblotting experiments confirmed this finding and established that SNAP negatively controls MLP mRNA (-49%, P&lt;0.01) and protein (-52%, P&lt;0.01) abundance in ET-1-treated cardiomyocytes via cGMP-dependent protein kinase and superoxide/peroxynitrite-dependent signaling pathways.	Superoxides	254-264	cysteine and glycine rich protein 3	Homo sapiens	118-121
12600921-3	2003	However, the mechanisms underlying superoxide production in low-renin hypertension are undefined.	Superoxides	35-45	renin	Rattus norvegicus	64-69
12496409-4	2003	We show that Arg1 increases superoxide production in myeloid cells through a pathway that likely utilizes the reductase domain of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), and that superoxide is required for Arg1-dependent suppression of T cell function.	Superoxides	28-38	arginase, liver	Mus musculus	13-17
12496409-4	2003	We show that Arg1 increases superoxide production in myeloid cells through a pathway that likely utilizes the reductase domain of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), and that superoxide is required for Arg1-dependent suppression of T cell function.	Superoxides	169-179	arginase, liver	Mus musculus	196-200
12472772-11	2003	PR3-ANCA resulted in 19.4 +/- 2.0 nmol O2- nmol.	Superoxides	39-41	proteinase 3	Homo sapiens	0-3
12469142-1	2003	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is an important superoxide anion scavenger located in mitochondria and protects cells from the damage caused by reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	55-71	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
12469142-1	2003	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is an important superoxide anion scavenger located in mitochondria and protects cells from the damage caused by reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	55-71	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
12429571-4	2002	Exposure to veratridine (30 micro M, 1 h) produces cytochrome c release to the cytoplasm that seems to be mediated by superoxide anions and that is blocked by cyclosporin A (10 micro M), MnTBAP (10 nM), catalase (100 IU ml(-1)) and vitamin E (50 micro M).	Superoxides	118-135	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	51-63
12429571-17	2002	In conclusion, superoxide anions seem to mediate veratridine-induced cytochrome c release, decrease in total glutathione, caspase activation and cell death in bovine chromaffin cells.	Superoxides	15-32	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	69-81
12496360-1	2002	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide anions (O(2)(-)) into hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)).	Superoxides	68-85	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
12496360-1	2002	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide anions (O(2)(-)) into hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)).	Superoxides	68-85	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
12496360-1	2002	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide anions (O(2)(-)) into hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)).	Superoxides	87-91	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
12496360-1	2002	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide anions (O(2)(-)) into hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)).	Superoxides	87-91	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
12456494-1	2002	We examined the hypothesis that ONOO-, a product of the interaction between superoxide (O2*-) and nitric oxide (NO), inhibits calcium-activated K+ (KCa) channel activity in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of human coronary arterioles (HCAs), thereby reducing hyperpolarization-mediated vasodilation.	Superoxides	76-86	casein kappa	Homo sapiens	148-151
12456494-1	2002	We examined the hypothesis that ONOO-, a product of the interaction between superoxide (O2*-) and nitric oxide (NO), inhibits calcium-activated K+ (KCa) channel activity in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of human coronary arterioles (HCAs), thereby reducing hyperpolarization-mediated vasodilation.	Superoxides	88-92	casein kappa	Homo sapiens	148-151
12411662-6	2002	At 24 hours after the second injection of blood, both vascular production of superoxide anion and NAD(P)H oxidase activity were markedly increased with enhanced membrane translocation of p47phox, but by 48 hours the enzyme activity had regained normal values.	Superoxides	77-93	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	187-194
12440767-6	2002	A defect in any of the genes encoding gp91phox, p22phox, p67phox or p47phox results in chronic granulomatous disease, a genetic disorder characterized by severe and recurrent infections, illustrating the role of O2- and the derived metabolites H2O2 and HOCl in host defense against invading microorganisms.	Superoxides	212-214	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	57-64
12127599-2	2002	The manganese-containing form of this enzyme (MnSOD) is the major superoxide scavenger in mitochondria; a weak association between a functional genetic polymorphism (Ala-9Val) in the mitochondrial targeting sequence (MTS) of this enzyme and TD has been reported in a Japanese population.	Superoxides	66-76	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	46-51
12200110-3	2002	rEq eotaxin induced equine eosinophil migration and superoxide production in vitro.	Superoxides	52-62	eotaxin	Equus caballus	4-11
12087069-10	2002	Id3 is induced by X/XO via superoxide, calcium, p38, and p42/44 MAP kinase.	Superoxides	27-37	inhibitor of DNA binding 3	Mus musculus	0-3
12087069-12	2002	Induction of Id3 is accomplished by angiotensin II via superoxide release.	Superoxides	55-65	inhibitor of DNA binding 3	Mus musculus	13-16
12089369-11	2002	A total of 20 +/- 3 nmol O(2)(-)/0.75 x 10(6) PMN/45 min was released after stimulation with PR3-ANCA.	Superoxides	25-29	proteinase 3	Homo sapiens	93-96
12044177-3	2002	In this study, recombinant aconitase/IRP-1 was exposed to SIN-1, whose thermal decomposition releases *NO and O(2)(*-).	Superoxides	110-114	mitogen-activated protein kinase associated protein 1	Mus musculus	58-63
11880281-4	2002	Direct addition of H(2)O(2) or the superoxide generator menadione activated ERK1/2, which is also prevented by MnTMPyP pretreatment.	Superoxides	35-45	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	76-82
11972610-8	2002	RESULTS: Cross-linking of FcepsilonRI on RBL-2H3 cells or on human leucocytes from healthy donors by the anti-FcepsilonRI mAb resulted in a rapid generation of superoxide anion, as determined by chemiluminescence using superoxide-specific probes.	Superoxides	160-176	Fc epsilon receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	26-37
11972610-8	2002	RESULTS: Cross-linking of FcepsilonRI on RBL-2H3 cells or on human leucocytes from healthy donors by the anti-FcepsilonRI mAb resulted in a rapid generation of superoxide anion, as determined by chemiluminescence using superoxide-specific probes.	Superoxides	160-176	Fc epsilon receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	110-121
11972610-8	2002	RESULTS: Cross-linking of FcepsilonRI on RBL-2H3 cells or on human leucocytes from healthy donors by the anti-FcepsilonRI mAb resulted in a rapid generation of superoxide anion, as determined by chemiluminescence using superoxide-specific probes.	Superoxides	160-170	Fc epsilon receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	26-37
11972610-8	2002	RESULTS: Cross-linking of FcepsilonRI on RBL-2H3 cells or on human leucocytes from healthy donors by the anti-FcepsilonRI mAb resulted in a rapid generation of superoxide anion, as determined by chemiluminescence using superoxide-specific probes.	Superoxides	160-170	Fc epsilon receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	110-121
11972610-11	2002	CONCLUSION: These results indicate that both RBL-2H3 cells and human basophils generate superoxide anion upon FcepsilonRI cross-linking either by antibody or by allergen challenge and that blockade of the generation prevents the release of allergic mediators.	Superoxides	88-104	Fc epsilon receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	110-121
11744691-10	2002	Lipoamide dehydrogenase also catalyzes NADH oxidation by oxygen, yielding hydrogen peroxide as the major product and superoxide radical as a minor product.	Superoxides	117-135	dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase	Sus scrofa	0-23
11773068-10	2002	The potential significance of the AP-1 binding is suggested by the finding that the response of HO-1, in COS cells stably transfected with antisense hBVR, with 66% reduced BVR activity, to superoxide anion (O(2)()) formed by menadione is attenuated, whereas induction by heme is not affected.	Superoxides	189-205	biliverdin reductase A	Homo sapiens	149-153
11773068-10	2002	The potential significance of the AP-1 binding is suggested by the finding that the response of HO-1, in COS cells stably transfected with antisense hBVR, with 66% reduced BVR activity, to superoxide anion (O(2)()) formed by menadione is attenuated, whereas induction by heme is not affected.	Superoxides	189-205	biliverdin reductase A	Homo sapiens	150-153
11773068-10	2002	The potential significance of the AP-1 binding is suggested by the finding that the response of HO-1, in COS cells stably transfected with antisense hBVR, with 66% reduced BVR activity, to superoxide anion (O(2)()) formed by menadione is attenuated, whereas induction by heme is not affected.	Superoxides	207-211	biliverdin reductase A	Homo sapiens	149-153
11773068-10	2002	The potential significance of the AP-1 binding is suggested by the finding that the response of HO-1, in COS cells stably transfected with antisense hBVR, with 66% reduced BVR activity, to superoxide anion (O(2)()) formed by menadione is attenuated, whereas induction by heme is not affected.	Superoxides	207-211	biliverdin reductase A	Homo sapiens	150-153
11733522-1	2002	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes consists of a membranal heterodimeric flavocytochrome (cytochrome b(559)), composed of gp91(phox) and p22(phox) subunits, and four cytosolic proteins, p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (1 or 2).	Superoxides	4-14	interleukin 9	Homo sapiens	235-238
11943469-3	2002	Treatment of SMP with X/XO resulted in a large production of superoxide anion, detected by acetylated cytochrome c method, which was blocked by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	61-77	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	102-114
11832341-8	2002	Aldose reductase inhibition with zopolrestat also inhibited the hyperglycemia-induced increase in vascular superoxide.	Superoxides	107-117	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	0-16
11890736-1	2002	In some neurological disorders, excessive nitric oxide (NO, nitrogen monoxide) produced by inducible and/or neuronal nitric oxide synthases (iNOS and nNOS) is able to combine with superoxide (O(minus sign)(2)) to form peroxynitrite (ONOO(minus sign)), which can then induce p53-dependent neural apoptosis.	Superoxides	180-190	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	150-154
11912930-1	2002	Measurement of catalysis by MnSOD using direct observation of the UV absorbance of superoxide allows determination of steady-state catalytic constants.	Superoxides	83-93	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	28-33
11912930-3	2002	Studies show that kcat/Km for the decay of superoxide catalyzed by MnSOD proceeds at diffusion control.	Superoxides	43-53	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	67-72
12378822-11	2002	Therefore, BKCa channels may be refractory to superoxide, providing a compensatory mechanism for partially reversing the reduced dilator responses attributed to the dysfunction of other K+ channel types.	Superoxides	46-56	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	11-15
11761717-6	2001	Together with the fact that nitric oxide (NO) plays a potential role in neuronal differentiation, and that large amounts of NO have cytotoxicity from the reaction of NO with superoxide anions, our data suggested that the expressions of both SOD1 and SOD2, as scavengers of superoxide anions, were maintained from an early developmental stage to prepare stage-specific nNOS expression for a potential differentiation role and to elude NO cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	174-191	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	250-254
11761717-6	2001	Together with the fact that nitric oxide (NO) plays a potential role in neuronal differentiation, and that large amounts of NO have cytotoxicity from the reaction of NO with superoxide anions, our data suggested that the expressions of both SOD1 and SOD2, as scavengers of superoxide anions, were maintained from an early developmental stage to prepare stage-specific nNOS expression for a potential differentiation role and to elude NO cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	174-184	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	250-254
11709424-5	2001	IL-1 beta treatment stimulated superoxide production in VSM cells that was inhibited by pretreatment of cells with the superoxide scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and also by overexpression of the human manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) gene.	Superoxides	31-41	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	206-236
11709424-5	2001	IL-1 beta treatment stimulated superoxide production in VSM cells that was inhibited by pretreatment of cells with the superoxide scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and also by overexpression of the human manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) gene.	Superoxides	31-41	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	238-243
11860470-2	2001	At low L-Arg concentrations, nNOS generates NO and superoxide (O2(.	Superoxides	51-61	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	29-33
11860470-2	2001	At low L-Arg concentrations, nNOS generates NO and superoxide (O2(.	Superoxides	63-65	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	29-33
11748588-8	2001	Additionally, PKCdelta inhibitors block PMA, IL-5 and LTB4 mediated superoxide formation.	Superoxides	68-78	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	14-22
11748588-8	2001	Additionally, PKCdelta inhibitors block PMA, IL-5 and LTB4 mediated superoxide formation.	Superoxides	68-78	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	45-49
11748588-10	2001	IL-5 and LTB4, but not PMA, stimulated superoxide production is also blocked by inhibitors of PI 3-kinase indicating that activation of this enzyme is an upstream event common to both receptor signaling pathways.	Superoxides	39-49	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	0-4
11714832-6	2001	When trypsin, an agonist for PAR2, was incubated with eosinophils, it potently induced superoxide anion production and degranulation; 5 nM trypsin induced responses that were 50-70% of those induced by 100 nM platelet-activating factor, a positive control.	Superoxides	87-103	F2R like trypsin receptor 1	Homo sapiens	29-33
11714832-9	2001	Furthermore, a specific tethered peptide ligand for PAR2 potently induced superoxide production and degranulation; the effects of peptide ligands for PAR1, PAR3, and PAR4 were negligible.	Superoxides	74-84	F2R like trypsin receptor 1	Homo sapiens	52-56
11696014-0	2001	Neuronal nitric oxide synthase generates superoxide from the oxygenase domain.	Superoxides	41-51	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	0-30
11527963-0	2001	A defect in the cytochrome b large subunit in complex II causes both superoxide anion overproduction and abnormal energy metabolism in Caenorhabditis elegans.	Superoxides	69-85	cytochrome b	Caenorhabditis elegans	16-28
11709071-6	2001	We conclude that CoQ acted in mitochondria through production of superoxide, which mediated uncoupling, probably by acting through uncoupling protein 2.	Superoxides	65-75	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	131-151
11598389-8	2001	The FMLP-activated neutrophils from IgAN patients produced more superoxide than those of MsPGN patients and normal controls.	Superoxides	64-74	IGAN1	Homo sapiens	36-40
11598389-9	2001	CONCLUSION: The FMLP-activated neutrophils from patients with IgAN have differential effects in enhancing the cell death and the ET-1 production of glomerular mesangial cells through the release of superoxide.	Superoxides	198-208	IGAN1	Homo sapiens	62-66
11731911-2	2001	Procyanidins strongly inhibit superoxide generation with an IC(50) of 7.2 microM, through a direct scavenging of superoxide and prevent the release from calcium ionophore activated neutrophils of beta-glucuronidase (IC(50) = 13.9 microM), myeloperoxidase (IC(50) = 7.2 microM) and elastase (IC(50) = 5.4 microM).	Superoxides	30-40	glucuronidase beta	Homo sapiens	196-214
11500508-2	2001	Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is an abundant, largely cytosolic enzyme that scavenges superoxide anions.	Superoxides	90-107	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	28-32
11529760-5	2001	The pH-dependent role of superoxide was probed using Mn-SOD and compared to guanosine and 8-methoxyguanosine photooxidation.	Superoxides	25-35	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	53-59
11504692-9	2001	These data indicate that generation of O(2)(-) in BPASMCs in response to 5-HT is followed by an increase in intracellular H(2)O(2) that mediates 5-HT-induced mitogenesis through activation of ERK1/ERK2 but not of p38 MAP kinase.	Superoxides	39-43	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Bos taurus	192-196
11520794-4	2001	Pretreatment of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha-primed neutrophils with antibodies against FcgammaRII and FcgammaRIII inhibited MPO-ANCA and PR3-ANCA induced superoxide generation, confirming that FcgammaR ligation is involved in ANCA-mediated neutrophil activation.	Superoxides	160-170	proteinase 3	Homo sapiens	143-146
11592093-1	2001	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is an antioxidant enzyme capable of neutralizing superoxide anion molecules.	Superoxides	88-104	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
11592093-1	2001	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is an antioxidant enzyme capable of neutralizing superoxide anion molecules.	Superoxides	88-104	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
11555836-2	2001	Manganese (Mn)(2+)-dependent superoxide dismutase (SOD-2) is primarily responsible for metabolism of superoxide produced in mitochondria by respiratory chain activity during aerobic metabolism of glucose and other substrates.	Superoxides	29-39	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	51-56
11579333-12	2001	CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that CLS could act by interfering with the conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase into superoxide-producing xanthine oxidase.	Superoxides	120-130	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	92-114
20954153-3	2001	Activity can be measured as described in this unit by a number of indirect competitive inhibition assays based on the principle that the superoxide anion radical will reduce an inhibitory substrate [such as nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) or cytochrome c] and SOD activity will reduce the rate of reduction in a competitive fashion.	Superoxides	137-161	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	256-259
11455018-8	2001	CYP2J2 transfection attenuated the HR-induced increase in 8-iso-prostaglandin F(2alpha) (p &lt; 0.05) and decreased the amount of extracellular superoxide detected by cytochrome c reduction under normoxic conditions (p &lt; 0.05) but did not significantly affect HR-induced decreases in eNOS expression, L-arginine uptake and conversion, and nitrite production.	Superoxides	144-154	cytochrome P450 2J2	Bos taurus	0-6
11455018-8	2001	CYP2J2 transfection attenuated the HR-induced increase in 8-iso-prostaglandin F(2alpha) (p &lt; 0.05) and decreased the amount of extracellular superoxide detected by cytochrome c reduction under normoxic conditions (p &lt; 0.05) but did not significantly affect HR-induced decreases in eNOS expression, L-arginine uptake and conversion, and nitrite production.	Superoxides	144-154	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	167-179
11477284-6	2001	RESULTS: CsA appeared to be particularly effective in lowering chemotaxis, superoxide anion production and lysozyme release induced by different agonists.	Superoxides	75-91	ERCC excision repair 8, CSA ubiquitin ligase complex subunit	Homo sapiens	9-12
11491650-3	2001	Here we demonstrate that overexpression of MnSOD enhances the activity of the superoxide (O2*-)-sensitive enzyme aconitase, decreases the intracellular GSH/GSSG ratio, and dose-dependently inhibits pyruvate carboxylase activity.	Superoxides	78-88	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	43-48
11491650-3	2001	Here we demonstrate that overexpression of MnSOD enhances the activity of the superoxide (O2*-)-sensitive enzyme aconitase, decreases the intracellular GSH/GSSG ratio, and dose-dependently inhibits pyruvate carboxylase activity.	Superoxides	90-92	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	43-48
11491650-4	2001	Thus, alterations in the steady-state concentrations of mitochondrial O2*- and H2O2 as a result of MnSOD overexpression can alter the metabolic capacity of the cell leading to inhibition of cell growth.	Superoxides	70-73	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	99-104
11491650-5	2001	Furthermore, we propose that MnSOD overexpression can modulate the activity of nitric oxide (*NO) by preventing its reaction with O2*-.	Superoxides	130-134	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	29-34
11371515-0	2001	Superoxide-induced massive apoptosis in cultured skin fibroblasts harboring the neurogenic ataxia retinitis pigmentosa (NARP) mutation in the ATPase-6 gene of the mitochondrial DNA.	Superoxides	0-10	mitochondrially encoded ATP synthase 6	Homo sapiens	142-150
11371515-6	2001	This established that the superoxide production associated with the ATPase deficiency triggered by the NARP mutation could be sufficient to override cell antioxidant defenses and to result in cell commitment to die.	Superoxides	26-36	dynein axonemal heavy chain 8	Homo sapiens	68-74
11348997-0	2001	Novel gp91(phox) homologues in vascular smooth muscle cells : nox1 mediates angiotensin II-induced superoxide formation and redox-sensitive signaling pathways.	Superoxides	99-109	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	62-66
11348997-5	2001	We found that both nox1 and nox4 are expressed to a much higher degree than gp91(phox) in VSMCS: Although serum, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and Ang II downregulated nox4, they markedly upregulated nox1, suggesting that this enzyme may account for the delayed phase of superoxide production in these cells.	Superoxides	280-290	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	19-23
11348997-5	2001	We found that both nox1 and nox4 are expressed to a much higher degree than gp91(phox) in VSMCS: Although serum, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and Ang II downregulated nox4, they markedly upregulated nox1, suggesting that this enzyme may account for the delayed phase of superoxide production in these cells.	Superoxides	280-290	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	28-32
11348997-6	2001	Furthermore, an adenovirus expressing antisense nox1 mRNA completely inhibited the early phase of superoxide production induced by Ang II or PDGF and significantly decreased activation of the redox-sensitive signaling molecules p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and Akt by Ang II.	Superoxides	98-108	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
23045062-3	2001	As described in this unit, this activity can be measured indirectly based on competition between SOD and an indicator molecule that reacts avidly with superoxide to produce a measurable change in absorption, thus it is possible to measure total SOD activity or that of CuZn-SOD and MnSOD.	Superoxides	151-161	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	97-100
23045062-3	2001	As described in this unit, this activity can be measured indirectly based on competition between SOD and an indicator molecule that reacts avidly with superoxide to produce a measurable change in absorption, thus it is possible to measure total SOD activity or that of CuZn-SOD and MnSOD.	Superoxides	151-161	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	245-248
23045062-3	2001	As described in this unit, this activity can be measured indirectly based on competition between SOD and an indicator molecule that reacts avidly with superoxide to produce a measurable change in absorption, thus it is possible to measure total SOD activity or that of CuZn-SOD and MnSOD.	Superoxides	151-161	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	282-287
11286988-9	2001	Inhibition of COX-2 by CuDips was not sensitive to catalase, consistent with a superoxide-mediated effect.	Superoxides	79-89	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	14-19
11328670-12	2001	Tyrosine nitration and inactivation of MnSOD would lead to increased levels of superoxide and concomitant increases in ONOO- within the mitochondria which, could lead to tyrosine nitration/oxidation of key mitochondrial proteins and ultimately mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death.	Superoxides	79-89	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	39-44
11137713-2	2001	Protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitors attenuated the stimulated superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide production in macrophages stimulated with IL-1, LPS, or fMLP.	Superoxides	67-77	interleukin 1 complex	Mus musculus	157-161
11134248-10	2001	The p38-MAPK inhibitor (SB202190) and the ERK inhibitor (PD98059) diminished PR3-ANCA-mediated superoxide production dose dependently (11.6 +/- 1.7 nmol O(2)(-) to 1.9 +/- 0.6 with 50 microM SB202190 and 4.0 +/- 0.6 with 50 microM PD098059, respectively).	Superoxides	95-105	proteinase 3	Homo sapiens	77-80
11134248-10	2001	The p38-MAPK inhibitor (SB202190) and the ERK inhibitor (PD98059) diminished PR3-ANCA-mediated superoxide production dose dependently (11.6 +/- 1.7 nmol O(2)(-) to 1.9 +/- 0.6 with 50 microM SB202190 and 4.0 +/- 0.6 with 50 microM PD098059, respectively).	Superoxides	153-157	proteinase 3	Homo sapiens	77-80
11200073-8	2001	Generation of superoxide anion and release of elastase were suppressed in anti-PR3-pretreated neutrophils undergoing fMLP challenge.	Superoxides	14-30	proteinase 3	Homo sapiens	79-82
11007780-1	2000	The superoxide (O(2))-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes consists of a membrane-associated flavocytochrome (cytochrome b(559)) and four cytosolic proteins, p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (Rac1 or -2).	Superoxides	4-14	interleukin 9	Homo sapiens	190-193
11007780-1	2000	The superoxide (O(2))-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes consists of a membrane-associated flavocytochrome (cytochrome b(559)) and four cytosolic proteins, p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (Rac1 or -2).	Superoxides	16-20	interleukin 9	Homo sapiens	190-193
11087221-1	2000	This study determined whether nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NOC/oFQ) generates superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) in a protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent manner and whether such production contributes to hypoxic-ischemic (H-I) impairment of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced pial artery dilation in newborn pigs equipped with closed cranial windows.	Superoxides	73-89	prepronociceptin	Sus scrofa	30-40
11087221-1	2000	This study determined whether nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NOC/oFQ) generates superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) in a protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent manner and whether such production contributes to hypoxic-ischemic (H-I) impairment of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced pial artery dilation in newborn pigs equipped with closed cranial windows.	Superoxides	73-89	prepronociceptin	Sus scrofa	41-52
11106438-11	2000	Thus, the L243 scFvhCH2 homo-dimer constitutes the minimal truncated form that binds the MHC Class II antigen and triggers superoxide production through FcgammaRI.	Superoxides	123-133	major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 6 (pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	89-109
11069235-5	2000	Tat and the CysL(24-51) peptide also induced PMNL superoxide production and the release of the angiogenic factors interleukin-8 and vascular endothelial growth factor from PMNL.	Superoxides	50-60	tyrosine aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	0-3
11067938-10	2000	Furthermore, IL-1beta-triggered phosphorylation of all three MAPKs, including p38-MAPK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and ERK, was substantially enhanced by superoxide.	Superoxides	152-162	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	78-81
11067938-11	2000	Our data identify superoxide as a costimulatory factor amplifying cytokine-induced MMP-9 expression by interfering with the signaling cascades leading to the activation of AP-1 and NF-kappaB.	Superoxides	18-28	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	172-176
10801763-2	2000	Observations in experimental animals suggest that angiotensin II (Ang II) increases.O(2)(-) production by activation of vascular NAD(P)H oxidase.	Superoxides	84-91	angiogenin	Homo sapiens	66-69
10783320-0	2000	The COX-2 inhibitor nimesulide suppresses superoxide and 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine formation, and stimulates apoptosis in mucosa during early colonic inflammation in rats.	Superoxides	42-52	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	4-9
10758056-12	2000	CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that increased vascular superoxide production occurs not only in angiotensin II-induced hypertension but also in hypertension known to be associated with low-renin states.	Superoxides	61-71	renin	Rattus norvegicus	195-200
10556201-5	1999	Superoxide production was found to be reduced in both granulocytes and monocytes of C/EBPepsilon-/- mice.	Superoxides	0-10	CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP), epsilon	Mus musculus	84-99
10529750-7	1999	The results suggest that mutations influencing the cellular allocation of Mn-SOD may be a risk factor in MND, especially in females, and that MND may be a disease of misdistribution of the superoxide dismutase enzymes.	Superoxides	189-199	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	74-80
26400460-1	2015	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), encoded by the SOD2 gene, is involved in the detoxification of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	103-119	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
10456382-7	1999	Interestingly, pretreatments with CSF-1 alone also increased superoxide production, although the mechanism for this remains unknown.	Superoxides	61-71	colony stimulating factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	34-39
26400460-1	2015	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), encoded by the SOD2 gene, is involved in the detoxification of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	103-119	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	55-59
26144375-6	2015	In such mechanism, AT1 activation leads to the aortic release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, which stimulates NAD(P)H oxidase/Nox1-driven generation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	153-163	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	127-131
10393079-1	1999	It is commonly assumed that activation of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase requires the formation of a stable complex between flavocytochrome b-245 (the gp91phox/p22phox heterodimer) and the cytosolic cofactors p47phox, p67phox and Rac2.	Superoxides	46-56	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	227-234
10443513-9	1999	Preincubation of PMN with endothelin-1 receptor antagonist decreased superoxide anion production by cells exposed to plasma taken from coronary sinus at the beginning of reperfusion (17.6 +/- 2.0, p &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	69-85	endothelin receptor type A	Homo sapiens	26-47
26223840-12	2015	Mechanistic studies revealed that both the SP receptor neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) and the superoxide-producing enzyme NADPH oxidase (NOX2) were necessary for SP-mediated chemotaxis in microglia.	Superoxides	92-102	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	135-139
9922219-8	1999	Superoxide (SO) radical generation was deficient in macrophages from SP-A (-/-) mice.	Superoxides	0-10	surfactant associated protein A1	Mus musculus	69-73
26349987-1	2015	AD is a common neurodegenerative disease characterized by aggregated amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptide, and oxidative stress, while uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is a member of the anion carrier family, predicted the existence of a protein-regulated proton leak with the main purpose of controlling mitochondrial oxidative stress, reduce the generation of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	349-365	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	127-147
11127803-1	1999	The present study was designed to investigate the effect of interferon-alpha ( INF-alpha) on the production of leukotrienes (LTs) and superoxide radicals when intact human neutrophils were stimulated with calcium ionophore (A23187).	Superoxides	134-144	interferon alpha 17	Homo sapiens	79-88
11127803-4	1999	Preincubation of intact human neutrophils with INF-alpha and subsequent stimulation with calcium ionophore A23187 also enhanced significantly superoxide radical generation that reduced nitroblue tetrazolium into blue formazan.	Superoxides	142-160	interferon alpha 17	Homo sapiens	47-56
11127803-5	1999	The in vivo effect of INF-alpha in rats demonstrated that the higher dose of INF-alpha that induced superoxide radical and LTB4 by A23187 stimulated intact human neutrophil in vitro, also induced a significant decrease in white blood cells and RBCs started at 4 h after i.p administration.	Superoxides	100-110	interferon alpha 17	Homo sapiens	22-31
26349987-1	2015	AD is a common neurodegenerative disease characterized by aggregated amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptide, and oxidative stress, while uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is a member of the anion carrier family, predicted the existence of a protein-regulated proton leak with the main purpose of controlling mitochondrial oxidative stress, reduce the generation of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	349-365	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	149-153
11127803-5	1999	The in vivo effect of INF-alpha in rats demonstrated that the higher dose of INF-alpha that induced superoxide radical and LTB4 by A23187 stimulated intact human neutrophil in vitro, also induced a significant decrease in white blood cells and RBCs started at 4 h after i.p administration.	Superoxides	100-110	interferon alpha 17	Homo sapiens	77-86
9861044-0	1998	Caspase-1 is activated in neural cells and tissue with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-associated mutations in copper-zinc superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	121-131	caspase 1	Mus musculus	0-9
25908444-2	2015	Manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) is the major enzymatic superoxide scavenger present in the mitochondrial matrix and one of the most crucial reactive oxygen species-scavenging enzymes in the cell.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-36
9852050-0	1998	Generation of superoxide anion by succinate-cytochrome c reductase from bovine heart mitochondria.	Superoxides	14-30	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	44-56
9809435-1	1998	Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (cSOD) is an enzyme of critical importance for the inactivation of superoxide radicals generated by cellular metabolic processes.	Superoxides	6-16	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	28-32
25908444-6	2015	These SOD2 mutations affected the superoxide-scavenging activity in vitro and in HEK293T cells.	Superoxides	34-44	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	6-10
25908444-10	2015	Thus, the entry of the superoxide anion into the coordinated core of SOD2 was inhibited.	Superoxides	23-39	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	69-73
26267493-6	2015	Addition of the superoxide scavenger 4-hydroxy TEMPO to the culture medium of heat-stressed cells restored mitochondrial superoxide and intracellular ROS levels as well as NOX4 and HO-1 mRNA levels to near-normal values.	Superoxides	16-26	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	172-176
9645377-6	1998	Further studies on neutrophils show that engagement of CD31 results in down-regulation of CD62L and up-regulation of CD11b/CD18 as well as oxidative burst, as assessed by superoxide release.	Superoxides	171-181	platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	55-59
26267493-7	2015	We suggest that mitochondrial superoxide production could play an influential role in augmenting oxidative damage to avian muscle cells, possibly via the up-regulation of NOX4 and down-regulation of HO-1 in heat-stressed avian muscle cells.	Superoxides	30-40	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	171-175
26182379-7	2015	Furthermore, PGC-1alpha overexpression inhibited the decrease in nitric oxide (NO) generation and the increase in superoxide anion (O2 (-)) production in DOCA-salt-treated mice, in parallel with improved endothelium-dependent relaxation.	Superoxides	114-130	peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1 alpha	Mus musculus	13-23
9537988-10	1998	Also, unlike the wild-type Mn(III)SOD, which is electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) silent, Q143N MnSOD has a complex EPR spectrum with many resonances in the region below 2250 G. We conclude that the Gln 143 --&gt; Asn mutation has increased the reduction potential of manganese to stabilize Mn(II), indicating that Gln 143 has a substantial role in maintaining a reduction potential favorable for the oxidation and reduction cycles in the catalytic disproportionation of superoxide.	Superoxides	475-485	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	100-105
26182379-7	2015	Furthermore, PGC-1alpha overexpression inhibited the decrease in nitric oxide (NO) generation and the increase in superoxide anion (O2 (-)) production in DOCA-salt-treated mice, in parallel with improved endothelium-dependent relaxation.	Superoxides	132-134	peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1 alpha	Mus musculus	13-23
25940438-9	2015	Thus, we present the novel TSN-S100A11-PLA(2) axis regulating superoxide-dependent apoptosis, triggered by platinum-based chemotherapeutic agents in NSCLC that may be targeted by innovative cancer therapies.	Superoxides	62-72	translin	Homo sapiens	27-30
9510208-1	1998	Nitric oxide (NO) is produced by inducible NO synthase (iNOS) after LPS stimulation, and reacts with superoxide to form peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	101-111	nitric oxide synthase 2	Canis lupus familiaris	56-60
25601712-0	2015	Acute ethanol induces apoptosis by stimulating TRPC6 via elevation of superoxide in oxygenated podocytes.	Superoxides	70-80	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily C member 6	Homo sapiens	47-52
9519816-3	1998	However, the sensitivity of HeLa cells against methylmercury was decreased by overexpression of Mn-SOD, an enzyme localized in matrix of mitochondria and which decomposes superoxide anions.	Superoxides	171-188	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	96-102
25684282-0	2015	Suppression of neutrophil superoxide generation by BNP is attenuated in acute heart failure: a case for "BNP resistance".	Superoxides	26-36	natriuretic peptide B	Homo sapiens	51-54
12174293-3	1998	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme involved in scavenging O(2)(-).	Superoxides	100-104	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
25684282-2	2015	BNP is known to exert anti-inflammatory effects including suppression of neutrophil superoxide (O2(-)) release.	Superoxides	84-94	natriuretic peptide B	Homo sapiens	0-3
25684282-2	2015	BNP is known to exert anti-inflammatory effects including suppression of neutrophil superoxide (O2(-)) release.	Superoxides	96-101	natriuretic peptide B	Homo sapiens	0-3
9425254-1	1997	The cytosolic proteins p47phox and p67phox, each containing two SH3 domains, are required for activation of the superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase in a cell-free system with human neutrophil membrane and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	112-122	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	35-42
25684282-8	2015	In acute HF patients, the suppressing effect of BNP (1 micromol/L) on O2(-) generation was attenuated relative to that in healthy subjects (P &lt; 0.05 for both PMA and fMLP).	Superoxides	70-72	natriuretic peptide B	Homo sapiens	48-51
25848038-0	2015	Endothelin-1 critically influences cardiac function via superoxide-MMP9 cascade.	Superoxides	56-66	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Mus musculus	67-71
9398256-0	1997	Involvement of the reductase domain of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	73-89	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	39-69
9398256-4	1997	Since peroxynitrite is formed by the diffusion-limited reaction between the two radical species, nitric oxide and O2.-, we employed the adrenochrome assay to examine whether nNOS was capable of producing O2.- during catalytic turnover in the presence of L-arginine.	Superoxides	114-116	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	174-178
9398256-4	1997	Since peroxynitrite is formed by the diffusion-limited reaction between the two radical species, nitric oxide and O2.-, we employed the adrenochrome assay to examine whether nNOS was capable of producing O2.- during catalytic turnover in the presence of L-arginine.	Superoxides	204-206	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	174-178
25848038-7	2015	A superoxide dismutase mimetic made superoxide levels subnormal, reduced Mmp9 overexpression, and substantially improved cardiac function.	Superoxides	2-12	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Mus musculus	73-77
9398256-6	1997	We report that O2.- production by nNOS and the CYS-331 mutant is CaM-dependent and that O2.- production can be modulated by substrates and inhibitors of nNOS.	Superoxides	15-17	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	34-38
25688091-6	2015	Focusing on the i-AAA protease Yme1, a mitochondrial quality control protein that degrades misfolded proteins, we determined that in cells lacking both Yme1 and Taz1 function, there were substantive mitochondrial ultrastructural defects, ineffective superoxide scavenging, and a severe defect in mitophagy.	Superoxides	250-260	i-AAA protease YME1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	31-35
9398256-6	1997	We report that O2.- production by nNOS and the CYS-331 mutant is CaM-dependent and that O2.- production can be modulated by substrates and inhibitors of nNOS.	Superoxides	15-17	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	153-157
9398256-8	1997	We conclude that both the reductase and oxygenase domains of nNOS produce O2.-, but that the reductase domain is both necessary and sufficient for O2.- production.	Superoxides	74-76	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
9398256-8	1997	We conclude that both the reductase and oxygenase domains of nNOS produce O2.-, but that the reductase domain is both necessary and sufficient for O2.- production.	Superoxides	147-149	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
9371723-1	1997	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a mitochondrial enzyme that scavenges superoxide (O2-) ions.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
9371723-1	1997	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a mitochondrial enzyme that scavenges superoxide (O2-) ions.	Superoxides	92-94	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
9371723-1	1997	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a mitochondrial enzyme that scavenges superoxide (O2-) ions.	Superoxides	92-94	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
25688091-6	2015	Focusing on the i-AAA protease Yme1, a mitochondrial quality control protein that degrades misfolded proteins, we determined that in cells lacking both Yme1 and Taz1 function, there were substantive mitochondrial ultrastructural defects, ineffective superoxide scavenging, and a severe defect in mitophagy.	Superoxides	250-260	lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	161-165
25601753-6	2015	In view of the results summarized above, it can be concluded that: (1) the lowered activity of the ERK1/2 pathway is of importance for the inhibition of renal gluconeogenesis found under conditions of lowered superoxide radical production by Nox; (2) the mechanism of this phenomenon includes decreased PEPCK expression, resulting from diminished activity of transcription factor CREB; (3) apocynin-evoked inhibition of renal gluconeogenesis contributes to the hypoglycemic action of this compound observed in diabetic animals.	Superoxides	209-227	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	99-105
9464844-1	1997	Activation of the 40-kDa low-affinity receptor for IgG (Fc gammaRIIa, CD32) leads to tyrosine phosphorylation, increase of cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i), and production of superoxide anions (O2-) in neutrophils (PMN).	Superoxides	189-206	Fc gamma receptor IIa	Homo sapiens	56-68
9464844-1	1997	Activation of the 40-kDa low-affinity receptor for IgG (Fc gammaRIIa, CD32) leads to tyrosine phosphorylation, increase of cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i), and production of superoxide anions (O2-) in neutrophils (PMN).	Superoxides	189-206	Fc gamma receptor IIa	Homo sapiens	70-74
25529920-6	2015	Inhibition of Nox2 prevented superoxide overproduction, restored lysosome acidification and enzyme activity, and reduced autophagosome accumulation in palmitate-treated CMs.	Superoxides	29-39	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	14-18
9464844-1	1997	Activation of the 40-kDa low-affinity receptor for IgG (Fc gammaRIIa, CD32) leads to tyrosine phosphorylation, increase of cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i), and production of superoxide anions (O2-) in neutrophils (PMN).	Superoxides	208-210	Fc gamma receptor IIa	Homo sapiens	56-68
9464844-1	1997	Activation of the 40-kDa low-affinity receptor for IgG (Fc gammaRIIa, CD32) leads to tyrosine phosphorylation, increase of cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i), and production of superoxide anions (O2-) in neutrophils (PMN).	Superoxides	208-210	Fc gamma receptor IIa	Homo sapiens	70-74
9464844-7	1997	[Ca2+]i measured with fluo-3-loaded PMN by flow cytometry and O2- production determined by lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence were inhibited by co-cross-linking of CD45 with Fc gammaRIIa in comparison to isotype control monoclonal antibody (mAb).	Superoxides	62-64	Fc gamma receptor IIa	Homo sapiens	177-189
9464844-8	1997	In contrast, pre-incubation with CD148 mAb 143-41 abolished O2- generation, but did not inhibit [Ca2+]i rise.	Superoxides	60-62	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type J	Homo sapiens	33-38
9464844-9	1997	In summary, both clustered human RPTP, CD45 and CD148, inhibit Fc gammaRIIa-induced O2- production in PMN, but they differ in regulation of [Ca2+]i.	Superoxides	84-86	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type J	Homo sapiens	48-53
9464844-9	1997	In summary, both clustered human RPTP, CD45 and CD148, inhibit Fc gammaRIIa-induced O2- production in PMN, but they differ in regulation of [Ca2+]i.	Superoxides	84-86	Fc gamma receptor IIa	Homo sapiens	63-75
25596430-10	2015	Both antioxidants and COX-2 inhibitors normalized superoxide anion production, NADPH oxidase activity and mRNA levels of NOX-1, NOX-4 and COX-2.	Superoxides	50-66	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	22-27
9550098-6	1997	Since these enzymes (EROD, CYP 1A1/2 and PROD, CYP2B1) activate polycyclic hydrocarbons, aromatic amines and aliphatic halogenated hydrocarbons to their ultimate mutagenic or carcinogenic forms, and are effective in producing reactive oxygen species such as superoxide, hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide, the new compound, BITN, appears to have a greater anticarcinogenic and antioxidant potential than RA and BHT.	Superoxides	258-268	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily b, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	47-53
25561743-6	2015	On the other hand, ectopic expression of Mn-SOD attenuated the arsenite-generated superoxide radical level, abrogated nucleolin-SUMO, and in turn inhibited arsenite-induced apoptosis by reducing GADD45alpha expression.	Superoxides	82-100	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	41-47
21528298-1	1997	Xanthine oxidase (XO) and xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) are alternate enzymatic forms of the XO/XDH protein that catalyzes the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine, and xanthine to uric acid, and in the process XO/XDH generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals.	Superoxides	266-276	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	26-48
21528298-1	1997	Xanthine oxidase (XO) and xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) are alternate enzymatic forms of the XO/XDH protein that catalyzes the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine, and xanthine to uric acid, and in the process XO/XDH generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals.	Superoxides	266-276	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	50-53
21528298-1	1997	Xanthine oxidase (XO) and xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) are alternate enzymatic forms of the XO/XDH protein that catalyzes the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine, and xanthine to uric acid, and in the process XO/XDH generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals.	Superoxides	266-276	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	92-98
21528298-1	1997	Xanthine oxidase (XO) and xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) are alternate enzymatic forms of the XO/XDH protein that catalyzes the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine, and xanthine to uric acid, and in the process XO/XDH generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals.	Superoxides	266-276	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	95-98
25671321-8	2015	Further, we show that increasing mitochondrial superoxide levels through deletion of sod-2 or treatment with paraquat can still increase lifespan in clk-1;sod-1 double mutants, which live shorter than clk-1 worms.	Superoxides	47-57	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	85-90
9370364-1	1997	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytic cells is a multicomponent system containing a membrane-bound flavocytochrome b and a small G protein Rac as well as cytosolic factors p67phox, p47phox and p40phox which translocate to the membrane upon activation.	Superoxides	4-14	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	196-203
9327726-9	1997	These findings suggest that CYP2A5 contributes to the superoxide production and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine formation, although reactive oxygen species from an unknown source in the hepatocytes leading to CYP2A5 induction or coincidental occurrence of these events are also possibilities.	Superoxides	54-64	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily a, polypeptide 5	Mus musculus	28-34
25671321-8	2015	Further, we show that increasing mitochondrial superoxide levels through deletion of sod-2 or treatment with paraquat can still increase lifespan in clk-1;sod-1 double mutants, which live shorter than clk-1 worms.	Superoxides	47-57	CDC like kinase 1	Homo sapiens	149-154
25699251-1	2015	The superoxide (O( -) 2)-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes consists of a membrane component, cytochrome b 558 (a heterodimer of Nox2 and p22 (phox) ), and four cytosolic components, p47 (phox) , p67 (phox) , p40 (phox) , and Rac.	Superoxides	4-14	interleukin 9	Homo sapiens	213-216
9568547-3	1997	Superoxide anions (O2-) release and adherence to fibronectin-coated plastic plates induced by platelet-activating factor (PAF), interleukin-5 (IL-5), leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), as well as degranulation induced by C5a and formyl methionyl leucyl phenylalanine (FMLP), in the presence of cytochalasin B (CB) were studied.	Superoxides	0-17	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	128-141
9568547-3	1997	Superoxide anions (O2-) release and adherence to fibronectin-coated plastic plates induced by platelet-activating factor (PAF), interleukin-5 (IL-5), leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), as well as degranulation induced by C5a and formyl methionyl leucyl phenylalanine (FMLP), in the presence of cytochalasin B (CB) were studied.	Superoxides	0-17	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	143-147
9568547-4	1997	In the concentration range 10(-8)-10(-5) M, the drug inhibited PAF- and IL-5-induced O2- release, with an IC50 values of 3.2 +/- 1.2 x 10(-7) M and 2.2 +/- 0.4 x 10(-6) M, respectively, Superoxide anion release by LTB4 was only modestly inhibited while that due to PMA was completely unaffected.	Superoxides	85-87	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	72-76
9568547-4	1997	In the concentration range 10(-8)-10(-5) M, the drug inhibited PAF- and IL-5-induced O2- release, with an IC50 values of 3.2 +/- 1.2 x 10(-7) M and 2.2 +/- 0.4 x 10(-6) M, respectively, Superoxide anion release by LTB4 was only modestly inhibited while that due to PMA was completely unaffected.	Superoxides	186-202	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	72-76
24928309-9	2015	Netrin-1 further reduced mitochondrial swelling and mitochondrial superoxide production, which was absent when co-treated with PTIO or UO126, or in DCC+/-mice, indicating critical roles of DCC, ERK1/2 and NO in preserving mitochondrial integrity.	Superoxides	66-76	netrin 1	Mus musculus	0-8
9211432-4	1997	Addition of NADPH to viable populations of motile spermatozoa induced a sudden dose-dependent increase in the rate of superoxide generation via mechanisms that could not be disrupted by inhibitors of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (antimycin A, rotenone, carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone [CCCP], and sodium azide), diaphorase (dicoumarol) xanthine oxidase (allopurinol), or lactic acid dehydrogenase (sodium oxamate).	Superoxides	118-128	dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	335-345
25187363-4	2015	This correlates with lower tissue reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration and higher NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) expression, consistent with increased superoxide generation and oxidative stress.	Superoxides	146-156	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	102-106
9207771-9	1997	The results showed that AmF, SnF2, or AmF/SnF2 enhanced by two- to three-fold the superoxide release from fMLP-stimulated human neutrophils.	Superoxides	82-92	SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily a, member 4	Homo sapiens	29-33
9207771-9	1997	The results showed that AmF, SnF2, or AmF/SnF2 enhanced by two- to three-fold the superoxide release from fMLP-stimulated human neutrophils.	Superoxides	82-92	SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily a, member 4	Homo sapiens	42-46
9197244-14	1997	This speculation is fueled by recent observations that cells constitutively active for the Ras/Raf pathway constitutively produce high levels of superoxide, a known generator of OG.	Superoxides	145-155	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	95-98
25476852-4	2015	Here we hypothesized that Sirt6 function can be regulated via posttranslational modification, focusing on the role of peroxynitrite, one of the major reactive nitrogen species formed by excessive nitric oxide and superoxide generated during disease processes.	Superoxides	213-223	sirtuin 6	Homo sapiens	26-31
25476852-5	2015	We found that incubation of purified recombinant Sirt6 protein with 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1; a peroxynitrite donor that generates nitric oxide and superoxide simultaneously) increased Sirt6 tyrosine nitration and decreased its intrinsic catalytic activity.	Superoxides	154-164	sirtuin 6	Homo sapiens	49-54
9223231-7	1997	Production of superoxide radicals measured by the cytochrome c reduction assay was lowered by danofloxacin, penicillin and chloramphenicol.	Superoxides	14-24	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	50-62
25476852-5	2015	We found that incubation of purified recombinant Sirt6 protein with 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1; a peroxynitrite donor that generates nitric oxide and superoxide simultaneously) increased Sirt6 tyrosine nitration and decreased its intrinsic catalytic activity.	Superoxides	154-164	sirtuin 6	Homo sapiens	191-196
25012175-3	2015	Stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) suppresses superoxide generation through induction of uncoupling proteins (UCPs), and transgenic overexpression of STC1 inhibits reactive oxygen species and protects from ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) kidney injury.	Superoxides	34-44	stanniocalcin 1	Mus musculus	0-15
9067545-6	1997	Overexpression of MnSOD led to a significant decrease in c-jun and c-fos expression in response to treatment with TPA or the oxidant promoter superoxide.	Superoxides	142-152	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	18-23
25012175-3	2015	Stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) suppresses superoxide generation through induction of uncoupling proteins (UCPs), and transgenic overexpression of STC1 inhibits reactive oxygen species and protects from ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) kidney injury.	Superoxides	34-44	stanniocalcin 1	Mus musculus	17-21
25420684-7	2015	HLA-DR(+)CD11b(+)CD11c(+)CD163(-) superoxide-producing MDRCs, which stimulated proliferation of autologous T cells, comprised a high fraction of MDRCs in the airways of patients with mild asthma or COPD but not those of healthy control subjects.	Superoxides	34-44	integrin subunit alpha X	Homo sapiens	17-22
9071707-5	1997	Intact Ig of patients with PR3-ANCA or with MPO-ANCA stimulate O2- release from TNF alpha-primed normal PMN (2.6 +/- 3.57 to 15.3 +/- 7.39 nmol O2-/2.5 x 10(6) PMN/30 min).	Superoxides	63-65	proteinase 3	Homo sapiens	27-30
9071707-8	1997	In contrast with these human autoantibody data, a mouse monoclonal anti-human PR3 antibody (25.7 +/- 8.55 nmol O2-), but not its corresponding F(ab")2 fragment, activates TNF alpha-treated human PMN.	Superoxides	111-113	proteinase 3	Homo sapiens	78-81
9071707-9	1997	When the Fc gamma IIa receptors were blocked, superoxide production was reduced by 33% using human PR3-ANCA Ig (P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	46-56	proteinase 3	Homo sapiens	99-102
9062356-9	1997	A specific p38 MAPk inhibitor (SK&amp;F 86002) blocked superoxide anion production in response to FMLP and reduced adhesion and chemotaxis in response to PAF or FMLP.	Superoxides	55-71	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	11-14
25433341-8	2015	Kinetic studies revealed further that the yeast mutant SOD1 had less ionic attraction for superoxide, possibly explaining the lower rates.	Superoxides	90-100	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	55-59
9044471-9	1997	The cellular O2- production of freshly isolated PMN was significantly (p &lt; 0.05, comparisons 0 vs. &gt; or = 10(-7) M) reduced with fenoterol and isoproterenol at concentrations &gt; or = 10(-7) M. Propranolol had no inhibitory effect on antioxidant properties of beta(2)-agonists.	Superoxides	13-15	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	267-273
8981438-6	1996	These findings suggest that NGF might protect against neuronal death by inhibiting the production of nitric oxide or decreasing the levels of superoxide radicals, thereby decreasing the generation of oxidative agents such as peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	142-152	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	28-31
25388628-7	2015	HUVECs overexpressing MnSOD demonstrated an increased activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), reduced load of superoxide anion (O2 (-) ) and an increased survival under oxidative stress.	Superoxides	124-140	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	22-27
8930166-5	1996	Our pharmacological study suggests that, in neutrophil-like HL-60 cells, the signaling pathways leading to PMA-stimulated O2- generation appear to involve PKC, MAPK, phospholipase A2, arachidonic acid, PSP 1 and 2a and PTP.	Superoxides	122-124	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type U	Homo sapiens	219-222
25388628-7	2015	HUVECs overexpressing MnSOD demonstrated an increased activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), reduced load of superoxide anion (O2 (-) ) and an increased survival under oxidative stress.	Superoxides	142-144	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	22-27
25388628-11	2015	In conclusion, 3% w/v beta-d-glucan activates endothelial expression of MnSOD independent of histone acetylation level, thereby leading to adequate removal of O2 (-) , cell survival and angiogenic response to oxidative stress.	Superoxides	159-161	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	72-77
8679714-2	1996	Activation of the superoxide-generating NADPH-oxidase in phagocytic cells requires the assembly of a membrane-bound flavocytochrome b and cytosolic factors p47phox and p67phox under the control of the GTP-binding protein, Rac.	Superoxides	18-28	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	168-175
25066694-9	2015	In vivo NOX4 RNAi, or sepiapterin perfusion, resulted in recoupling of NOS, decreased infarct size, and blockade of dysfunctional mitochondrial swelling and mitochondrial superoxide production.	Superoxides	171-181	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	8-12
8727074-7	1996	Superoxide production was enhanced to the greatest degree by IFN-gamma, followed by IFN-beta and then IFN-gamma.	Superoxides	0-10	interferon beta 1	Homo sapiens	84-92
8617263-7	1996	In summary, an activity has been identified in human and mouse melanoma cells that catalyzes the superoxide-dependent polymerization of (HO)2IndCOOH to melanin in vitro, and appears to be a function of the pmel 17/silver protein of the human pmel 17 gene and the mouse silver locus.	Superoxides	97-107	premelanosome protein	Mus musculus	206-213
25450247-9	2015	At 95%O2, catalase prevented the leftward shift caused by Tiron in both sexes indicating that catalase prevented the formation of H2O2 by Tiron.	Superoxides	6-8	catalase	Sus scrofa	10-18
8616950-0	1996	Monocyte superoxide generation and its IgA-receptor in IgA nephropathy.	Superoxides	9-19	IGAN1	Homo sapiens	55-70
8616950-1	1996	Recent studies indicated that polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) were primed to produce superoxide (O2-) in various types of glomerulonephritis with a particular importance in IgA nephropathy (IgAN).	Superoxides	89-99	IGAN1	Homo sapiens	177-192
8616950-1	1996	Recent studies indicated that polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) were primed to produce superoxide (O2-) in various types of glomerulonephritis with a particular importance in IgA nephropathy (IgAN).	Superoxides	101-104	IGAN1	Homo sapiens	177-192
8616950-1	1996	Recent studies indicated that polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) were primed to produce superoxide (O2-) in various types of glomerulonephritis with a particular importance in IgA nephropathy (IgAN).	Superoxides	101-104	IGAN1	Homo sapiens	194-198
25766656-10	2015	Furthermore, AMPK knockdown by shRNA-AMPK reversed the inhibitory effects of bavachalcone on mitochondrial superoxide production in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	107-117	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Homo sapiens	13-17
8616950-3	1996	Similar to PMNL, monocytes obtained from IgA nephropathy (IgAN) seemed to be primed both non-specifically and specifically, as increased O2- generation was observed to N-formyl methionyl leucyl phenylalanine (FMLP) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), as well as IgA aggregates stimulants, respectively.	Superoxides	137-139	IGAN1	Homo sapiens	41-56
8616950-3	1996	Similar to PMNL, monocytes obtained from IgA nephropathy (IgAN) seemed to be primed both non-specifically and specifically, as increased O2- generation was observed to N-formyl methionyl leucyl phenylalanine (FMLP) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), as well as IgA aggregates stimulants, respectively.	Superoxides	137-139	IGAN1	Homo sapiens	58-62
8616950-6	1996	Comparing with the previous literature on PMNL, inflammation-related substances such as cytokines/immune complexes, particularly IgA immune complexes which present in the circulation of IgAN, can prime the phagocytic cells in the circulation for a burst of O2- generation to a second stimulus.	Superoxides	257-259	IGAN1	Homo sapiens	186-190
8886804-2	1996	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), a mitochondrial superoxide radical scavenging enzyme, is low in most tumors but is known to be induced by asbestos fibers and certain cytokines.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
8886804-8	1996	Cytotoxicity experiments, which were conducted in four cell lines, indicated that cells containing high MnSOD mRNA level and activity were resistant to the mitochondrial superoxide-producing agent menadione.	Superoxides	170-180	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	104-109
25766656-10	2015	Furthermore, AMPK knockdown by shRNA-AMPK reversed the inhibitory effects of bavachalcone on mitochondrial superoxide production in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	107-117	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Homo sapiens	37-41
25536219-2	2014	We found that MMP3 activation causes the induction of Nox1 via mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and subsequently Rac1 activation, eventually leading to Nox1-derived superoxide generation in a rat DA neuronal N27 cells exposed to 6-OHDA.	Superoxides	187-197	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	135-139
8675493-2	1996	Superoxide anion generation by 100 microl of blood in patients with asthma and/or COPD was significantly greater than that in normal subjects [asthma: 5684 +/- 253 chemiluminescence (CL); COPD: 4994 +/- 240 CL; normal: 2543 +/- 213CL].	Superoxides	0-16	COPD	Homo sapiens	82-86
8675493-2	1996	Superoxide anion generation by 100 microl of blood in patients with asthma and/or COPD was significantly greater than that in normal subjects [asthma: 5684 +/- 253 chemiluminescence (CL); COPD: 4994 +/- 240 CL; normal: 2543 +/- 213CL].	Superoxides	0-16	COPD	Homo sapiens	188-192
25326534-6	2014	Aortic superoxide production and expression of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) were increased in old vehicle mice (P &lt; 0.05), and ex vivo administration of the superoxide scavenger TEMPOL restored EDD in that group.	Superoxides	154-164	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	64-68
25326583-0	2014	Nox2-dependent glutathionylation of endothelial NOS leads to uncoupled superoxide production and endothelial barrier dysfunction in acute lung injury.	Superoxides	71-81	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	0-4
8569197-1	1996	Xanthine dehydrogenase/xanthine oxidase (XDH/XO) is a major cytoplasmic source of superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide, and it is considered important in the pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion damage.	Superoxides	82-92	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	0-22
8569197-1	1996	Xanthine dehydrogenase/xanthine oxidase (XDH/XO) is a major cytoplasmic source of superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide, and it is considered important in the pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion damage.	Superoxides	82-92	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	41-47
8541554-0	1995	Analysis of signaling events associated with activation of neutrophil superoxide anion production by eosinophil granule major basic protein.	Superoxides	70-86	proteoglycan 2, pro eosinophil major basic protein	Homo sapiens	101-139
8541554-1	1995	This study was undertaken to identify the signaling events involved in activation of neutrophil superoxide anion (O2-) production by eosinophil granule major basic protein (MBP).	Superoxides	96-112	proteoglycan 2, pro eosinophil major basic protein	Homo sapiens	133-171
8541554-1	1995	This study was undertaken to identify the signaling events involved in activation of neutrophil superoxide anion (O2-) production by eosinophil granule major basic protein (MBP).	Superoxides	96-112	myelin basic protein	Homo sapiens	173-176
8541554-1	1995	This study was undertaken to identify the signaling events involved in activation of neutrophil superoxide anion (O2-) production by eosinophil granule major basic protein (MBP).	Superoxides	114-116	proteoglycan 2, pro eosinophil major basic protein	Homo sapiens	133-171
25326583-11	2014	In vitro, Nox2-specific inhibition prevented LPS-induced eNOS modification and increases in both superoxide production and permeability.	Superoxides	97-107	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	10-14
8541554-1	1995	This study was undertaken to identify the signaling events involved in activation of neutrophil superoxide anion (O2-) production by eosinophil granule major basic protein (MBP).	Superoxides	114-116	myelin basic protein	Homo sapiens	173-176
8541554-5	1995	Inhibition of MBP-stimulated O2- production by genistein and Western blot analysis using an antiphosphotyrosine antibody showed tyrosine kinase activation by MBP.	Superoxides	29-31	myelin basic protein	Homo sapiens	14-17
25272245-8	2014	RESULTS: TLR2/1 activation by Pam3Cys enhanced intracellular H2O2 and mitochondrial O2 production in leukocytes, but had no effect on mitochondrial DeltaPsim and ATP production.	Superoxides	63-65	toll-like receptor 2	Mus musculus	9-15
8541554-6	1995	Calmodulin antagonists (calmidazolium and W-7) caused up to 80% inhibition of MBP-stimulated O2- production.	Superoxides	93-95	myelin basic protein	Homo sapiens	78-81
8655292-6	1995	In addition, it is unlikely that the O2(-)-induced chemotactic response is due to soluble HIV-1 proteins from infected cells or to amplified expression levels of cell surface functional molecules such as CD4 and LFA-1 (CD11a and CD18) as well as HIV-1 Env gp120 on uninfected and/or infected cells.	Superoxides	37-40	Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	256-261
7573347-8	1995	The level of galectin-3 in human monocytes/macrophages was modulated by stimuli such as lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma, and galectin-3 was secreted when monocytes were stimulated by calcium ionophore A23187 Soluble galectin-3 caused superoxide release from human monocytes; this activity was dependent on the lectin property of galectin-3, as it was inhibitable by lactose.	Superoxides	242-252	galectin 3	Homo sapiens	13-23
7573347-8	1995	The level of galectin-3 in human monocytes/macrophages was modulated by stimuli such as lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma, and galectin-3 was secreted when monocytes were stimulated by calcium ionophore A23187 Soluble galectin-3 caused superoxide release from human monocytes; this activity was dependent on the lectin property of galectin-3, as it was inhibitable by lactose.	Superoxides	242-252	galectin 3	Homo sapiens	133-143
25224035-5	2014	Several studies display the biological significance of MnSOD level in proliferation as well as in invasive and angiogenic abilities of breast tumor cells by controlling superoxide anion radical (O2( -)) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	169-193	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	55-60
7573347-8	1995	The level of galectin-3 in human monocytes/macrophages was modulated by stimuli such as lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma, and galectin-3 was secreted when monocytes were stimulated by calcium ionophore A23187 Soluble galectin-3 caused superoxide release from human monocytes; this activity was dependent on the lectin property of galectin-3, as it was inhibitable by lactose.	Superoxides	242-252	galectin 3	Homo sapiens	133-143
7573347-8	1995	The level of galectin-3 in human monocytes/macrophages was modulated by stimuli such as lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma, and galectin-3 was secreted when monocytes were stimulated by calcium ionophore A23187 Soluble galectin-3 caused superoxide release from human monocytes; this activity was dependent on the lectin property of galectin-3, as it was inhibitable by lactose.	Superoxides	242-252	galectin 3	Homo sapiens	133-143
8538587-4	1995	In every group, the changes of TNF activity showed the similar pattern to those of O2- production.	Superoxides	83-85	tumor necrosis factor-like	Rattus norvegicus	31-34
25224035-5	2014	Several studies display the biological significance of MnSOD level in proliferation as well as in invasive and angiogenic abilities of breast tumor cells by controlling superoxide anion radical (O2( -)) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	195-197	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	55-60
25144692-9	2014	A credible photodegradation mechanism for the MB dye deploying ZnO/Ag2S core/shell nanostructures is proposed from the analysis of involved active species such as hydroxyl radicals (OH( )), electrons (e(-)(CB)), holes (h(+)(VB)), and superoxide radical anions (O2( -)) in the photodegradation process utilizing various active species scavengers and EPR spectroscopy.	Superoxides	234-259	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	67-71
7642640-10	1995	Furthermore, confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that cofilin existed diffusely in the cytosol and nuclear region of the resting cells, while in the activated cells, it was accumulated at the plasma membrane area, forming ruffles or endocytic vesicles on which O2.- should be produced.	Superoxides	267-269	cofilin 1	Homo sapiens	60-67
25144692-9	2014	A credible photodegradation mechanism for the MB dye deploying ZnO/Ag2S core/shell nanostructures is proposed from the analysis of involved active species such as hydroxyl radicals (OH( )), electrons (e(-)(CB)), holes (h(+)(VB)), and superoxide radical anions (O2( -)) in the photodegradation process utilizing various active species scavengers and EPR spectroscopy.	Superoxides	261-263	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	67-71
25015966-3	2014	We found increased expression (fivefold) of the NADPH oxidase (NOX) 2 in the mdx hearts compared with wild type, along with increased superoxide production.	Superoxides	134-144	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	48-69
7744754-11	1995	Interestingly, mutants of p47phox unable to bind to p67phox were fully capable of supporting superoxide production under cell-free activation conditions.	Superoxides	93-103	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	52-59
7706751-3	1995	Two mAbs reacting with TNF-R55 (H398 and TBP2) induced O2 release in a similar manner but to a lesser extent than TNF.	Superoxides	55-57	TATA-box binding protein like 2	Homo sapiens	41-45
25062272-3	2014	Nox4 may also be unusual as it reportedly releases hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in contrast to Nox1-Nox3 and Nox5, which release superoxide, although this result is controversial in part because of possible membrane compartmentalization of superoxide, which may prevent detection.	Superoxides	125-135	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	0-4
7592536-6	1995	Isolated human peripheral B lymphocytes generated the superoxide anion upon cross-linking of surface antigens such as IgM, IgD, IgG, HLA-DR, and CD19.	Superoxides	54-70	CD19 molecule	Homo sapiens	145-149
7706475-8	1995	Superoxide was a more potent inducer for COX-2 than hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	41-46
7897228-0	1995	A human lectin, galectin-3 (epsilon bp/Mac-2), stimulates superoxide production by neutrophils.	Superoxides	58-68	galectin 3	Homo sapiens	16-26
7897228-0	1995	A human lectin, galectin-3 (epsilon bp/Mac-2), stimulates superoxide production by neutrophils.	Superoxides	58-68	galectin 3	Homo sapiens	39-44
25062272-3	2014	Nox4 may also be unusual as it reportedly releases hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in contrast to Nox1-Nox3 and Nox5, which release superoxide, although this result is controversial in part because of possible membrane compartmentalization of superoxide, which may prevent detection.	Superoxides	125-135	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	91-95
7890694-1	1995	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex in phagocytic cells is constituted of a heterodimeric flavocytochrome b and cytosolic factors, p67phox, p47phox and p40phox as well as a small G protein Rac (for review, see Refs.	Superoxides	4-14	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	143-150
25062272-3	2014	Nox4 may also be unusual as it reportedly releases hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in contrast to Nox1-Nox3 and Nox5, which release superoxide, although this result is controversial in part because of possible membrane compartmentalization of superoxide, which may prevent detection.	Superoxides	236-246	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	0-4
25062272-5	2014	We find that approximately 90% of the electron flux through isolated Nox4 produces H2O2 and 10% forms superoxide.	Superoxides	102-112	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	69-73
7757201-0	1995	Reactions of bovine liver catalase with superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	40-50	catalase	Bos taurus	26-34
25109995-3	2014	Since superoxide formation, in particular in mitochondria, is often considered to be an initial step in the pathogenesis of these diseases, improper function of the MnSOD (mitochondrial superoxide dismutase; SOD2) may be critical for tissue homoeostasis.	Superoxides	6-16	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	165-170
7755191-1	1995	The relationship between superoxide anion production and the activities of sperm specific NADH-diaphorase and isozyme LDH-C4 has been investigated in 25 normozoospermic and 17 oligozoospermic semen samples.	Superoxides	25-41	dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	95-105
7755191-4	1995	A significant positive correlation (P &lt; 0.01) between diaphorase activity and superoxide anion production was established in the oligozoospermic samples of low density sperm fraction.	Superoxides	81-97	dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	57-67
25109995-3	2014	Since superoxide formation, in particular in mitochondria, is often considered to be an initial step in the pathogenesis of these diseases, improper function of the MnSOD (mitochondrial superoxide dismutase; SOD2) may be critical for tissue homoeostasis.	Superoxides	6-16	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	208-212
24535002-3	2014	A temporal delay was observed between selenite treatment and increases in O2 ( -) production and biomarkers of apoptosis/necrosis, indicating that the reduction of selenite by the glutathione reductase/NADPH system (yielding O2 ( -)) is a minor contributor to ROS production under these conditions.	Superoxides	225-227	glutathione-disulfide reductase	Homo sapiens	180-201
7734059-2	1995	During the oxygen reductase activity of P450, molecular oxygen is reduced to superoxide anion radicals (O2-.)	Superoxides	77-102	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily B member 6	Homo sapiens	40-44
24990530-2	2014	The stable solid compound, o-DAP, the oxidative form of 3,7-bis(4-methylaminophenyl)-10H-phenothiazine, can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS, singlet oxygen and superoxide) under appropriate irradiation conditions.	Superoxides	166-176	death associated protein	Homo sapiens	29-32
7702755-1	1994	Human manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is one of the major cellular defense enzymes that protects against toxic effects of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	16-26	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	38-43
7943255-5	1994	Treatment with TNF resulted in 1) pulmonary arterial endothelial PKC activation, 2) increased lung polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) sequestration, 3) increased levels of superoxide radical (O2.)	Superoxides	172-190	tumor necrosis factor	Cavia porcellus	15-18
7943255-5	1994	Treatment with TNF resulted in 1) pulmonary arterial endothelial PKC activation, 2) increased lung polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) sequestration, 3) increased levels of superoxide radical (O2.)	Superoxides	192-194	tumor necrosis factor	Cavia porcellus	15-18
25050617-5	2014	In vivo, pharmacological inhibition of TAK1 with 5Z-7-oxozeaenol blocked the injury-induced phosphorylation of both TAK1 (Thr187) and NF-kB/p65 (Ser536), associated with marked inhibition of superoxide production, 3-nitrotyrosine, and MCP-1 in the injured arteries.	Superoxides	191-201	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7	Mus musculus	39-43
7943255-7	1994	Intraperitoneal treatment with calphostin C (3 microM, 15 min prior to treatment with TNF) prevented the effects of TNF on 1) PKC activation, 2) the hemodynamic responses to U-46619, and 3) the levels of NO2- and O2(.).	Superoxides	205-207	tumor necrosis factor	Cavia porcellus	116-119
7943255-9	1994	The data suggest that PKC activation mediates TNF-induced 1) increases in O2., 2) decreases in NO2-, and 3) increases in vasoreactivity and edema in response to U-46619.	Superoxides	74-76	tumor necrosis factor	Cavia porcellus	46-49
7981784-1	1994	In BHK-21 cells (baby hamster kidney fibroblasts) cellularly generated active oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide and superoxide appear to be important growth regulatory signals as judged from the growth inhibitory effects of catalase, superoxide dismutase and superoxide dismutase mimics.	Superoxides	123-133	catalase	Mesocricetus auratus	231-239
25050617-5	2014	In vivo, pharmacological inhibition of TAK1 with 5Z-7-oxozeaenol blocked the injury-induced phosphorylation of both TAK1 (Thr187) and NF-kB/p65 (Ser536), associated with marked inhibition of superoxide production, 3-nitrotyrosine, and MCP-1 in the injured arteries.	Superoxides	191-201	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7	Mus musculus	116-120
25050617-6	2014	Cell culture experiments demonstrated that either siRNA knockdown or 5Z-7-oxozeaenol inhibition of TAK1 significantly attenuated NADPH oxidase activation and superoxide production induced by CD40L/CD40 stimulation.	Superoxides	158-168	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7	Mus musculus	99-103
25050617-6	2014	Cell culture experiments demonstrated that either siRNA knockdown or 5Z-7-oxozeaenol inhibition of TAK1 significantly attenuated NADPH oxidase activation and superoxide production induced by CD40L/CD40 stimulation.	Superoxides	158-168	CD40 antigen	Mus musculus	191-195
24747490-7	2014	Nevertheless, a phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor and an inositol triphosphate (IP3) receptor antagonist considerably suppressed ugonin U-stimulated Ca(2+) mobilization and subsequent superoxide release.	Superoxides	182-192	inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3	Homo sapiens	78-91
7816751-3	1994	The cytosolic SOD enzyme activity in fibroblasts exposed to superoxide anions 24 h after treatment with EGF plus nafamostat (NM), a potent protease inhibitor, was increased 1.6-fold compared to control-treated cells.	Superoxides	60-77	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	104-107
7816751-8	1994	These results suggest that the stabilization of EGF by NM in culture is an important factor in the expression of its effects, and that EGF induces Cu, Zn-SOD expression by accelerating transcription of the Cu, Zn-SOD gene in cells, resulting in their protection from the effects of superoxide anion radicals.	Superoxides	282-307	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	135-138
7905732-2	1994	While activation of beta 2-adrenoceptors is known to inhibit N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP)-induced superoxide anion (O2-) production, the functional role of alpha 2-adrenoceptors is not known.	Superoxides	122-138	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	20-26
7905732-2	1994	While activation of beta 2-adrenoceptors is known to inhibit N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP)-induced superoxide anion (O2-) production, the functional role of alpha 2-adrenoceptors is not known.	Superoxides	140-142	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	20-26
8304479-12	1994	In summary, Ca2+ derived from extracellular sources promoted superoxide radical production and renal cell injury by a calmodulin-dependent conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to xanthine oxidase, a major source of oxygen free radicals during H/R.	Superoxides	61-79	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	153-175
24840065-4	2014	In contrast, in the millimolar H2O2 concentration range, CcO generates superoxide from peroxide.	Superoxides	71-81	cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A1, mitochondrial	Bos taurus	57-60
8262614-0	1994	Reduction in superoxide anion secretion and bactericidal activity of neutrophils from aged rats: reversal by the combination of gamma interferon and growth hormone.	Superoxides	13-29	gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor	Rattus norvegicus	149-163
8262614-2	1994	Secretion of O2- and killing of E. coli by PMN from both young and old rats can be significantly augmented by preincubation with either 250 U of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) or 250 ng of growth hormone (GH) per ml.	Superoxides	13-15	gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor	Rattus norvegicus	187-201
8262614-2	1994	Secretion of O2- and killing of E. coli by PMN from both young and old rats can be significantly augmented by preincubation with either 250 U of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) or 250 ng of growth hormone (GH) per ml.	Superoxides	13-15	gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor	Rattus norvegicus	203-205
8262614-3	1994	This priming is specific, because neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against either IFN-gamma or GH completely abrogate the enhanced O2- secretion by PMN from young rats.	Superoxides	133-135	gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor	Rattus norvegicus	97-99
24657416-6	2014	CB1 upregulation and enhanced fibrotic changes were also observed in normal HSCs treated with soluble egg antigen (SEA) from Schistosoma J. Electron spin resonance (ESR) analysis further demonstrated that superoxide (O2(-)) production was increased in infected HSCs or normal HSCs stimulated with SEA.	Superoxides	205-215	cannabinoid receptor 1 (brain)	Mus musculus	0-3
8308176-0	1994	IgE produces monocyte superoxide anion release: correlation with CD23 expression.	Superoxides	22-38	Fc epsilon receptor II	Homo sapiens	65-69
24657416-7	2014	Both Nox4 and Nox1 siRNA prevented SEA-induced upregulation of CB1, alpha-SMA, collagen I, and TIMP-1 by inhibition of O2(-) production, while CB1 siRNA blocked SEA-induced fibrotic changes without effect on O2(-) production in these HSCs.	Superoxides	119-121	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	14-18
24778444-2	2014	The antimicrobial effector NADPH oxidase (NOX2), which generates superoxide within maturing phagosomes, has also been shown to regulate activities of cysteine cathepsins through modulation of the lumenal redox potential.	Superoxides	65-75	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	42-46
7510873-3	1994	Short-term pretreatment (15 min) of GSD 1b neutrophils with G-CSF increased the rate of O2- production (p &lt; 0.01); however, this rate was still significantly below the rate of O2- production in control neutrophils.	Superoxides	88-90	solute carrier family 37 member 4	Homo sapiens	36-42
7510873-3	1994	Short-term pretreatment (15 min) of GSD 1b neutrophils with G-CSF increased the rate of O2- production (p &lt; 0.01); however, this rate was still significantly below the rate of O2- production in control neutrophils.	Superoxides	179-181	solute carrier family 37 member 4	Homo sapiens	36-42
24277523-12	2014	NOX2 inhibitor diphenylene iodonium protects against iron-elicited dopaminergic neurotoxicity through decreasing microglial O2 - generation, and NOX2-/- mice are resistant to the neurotoxicity by reducing microglial O2 - production, indicating that iron-elicited dopaminergic neurotoxicity is dependent of NOX2, a O2 --generating enzyme.	Superoxides	124-126	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	0-4
7509102-1	1993	The intracellular localization of Cu/Zn- and Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), which catalyze the dismutation of superoxide radicals (O2-) to O2 and H2O2, was studied in the thyroid tissue of various thyroid disorders by an immunohistochemical technique.	Superoxides	131-133	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	45-68
7509102-1	1993	The intracellular localization of Cu/Zn- and Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), which catalyze the dismutation of superoxide radicals (O2-) to O2 and H2O2, was studied in the thyroid tissue of various thyroid disorders by an immunohistochemical technique.	Superoxides	131-133	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	70-73
7509102-1	1993	The intracellular localization of Cu/Zn- and Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), which catalyze the dismutation of superoxide radicals (O2-) to O2 and H2O2, was studied in the thyroid tissue of various thyroid disorders by an immunohistochemical technique.	Superoxides	139-141	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	45-68
7509102-1	1993	The intracellular localization of Cu/Zn- and Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), which catalyze the dismutation of superoxide radicals (O2-) to O2 and H2O2, was studied in the thyroid tissue of various thyroid disorders by an immunohistochemical technique.	Superoxides	139-141	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	70-73
24493668-5	2014	We trace the primary intracellular target of calcium to be protein kinase C isoforms alpha and beta (PKCalpha and PKCbeta), which in turn phosphorylate subunits of the oxidase leading to superoxide production.	Superoxides	187-197	protein kinase C, beta	Mus musculus	114-121
7915978-3	1993	Since beta cells contain low amounts of the superoxide radical scavenger enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), this may leave beta cells more susceptible to IL-1 than other cell types.	Superoxides	44-54	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	112-117
23581847-1	2014	SIGNIFICANCE: The mitochondrial antioxidant manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is encoded by genomic DNA and its dismutase function is fully activated in the mitochondria to detoxify free radical O2( -) generated by mitochondrial respiration.	Superoxides	200-202	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	44-74
8253856-7	1993	The functional importance of V-type H+ ATPase-activity in preserving pHi homeostasis at acidic extracellular pH levels was reflected by the impairment of O2- production at pHo 6.70 when H+ ATPase activity was inhibited: bafilomycin A1 reduced O2- production from 13.9 +/- 1.0 to 9.3 +/- 0.6 nmoles/10(6) cells/40 min, in control and bafilomycin A1-treated cells, respectively (P &lt; 0.05), while EPA had no effect.	Superoxides	154-156	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase 1	Mus musculus	69-72
8253856-7	1993	The functional importance of V-type H+ ATPase-activity in preserving pHi homeostasis at acidic extracellular pH levels was reflected by the impairment of O2- production at pHo 6.70 when H+ ATPase activity was inhibited: bafilomycin A1 reduced O2- production from 13.9 +/- 1.0 to 9.3 +/- 0.6 nmoles/10(6) cells/40 min, in control and bafilomycin A1-treated cells, respectively (P &lt; 0.05), while EPA had no effect.	Superoxides	243-245	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase 1	Mus musculus	69-72
8253856-9	1993	Lowering pHi from 6.80 to 6.60 reduced O2- production from 15.3 +/- 1.8 to 9.8 +/- 1.6 nmoles/10(6) cells/40 min (P &lt; 0.05), indicating that the cytoplasmic acidification resulting from inhibition of H+ ATPases at low pHo could account for the associated impairment of O2- production.	Superoxides	39-41	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase 1	Mus musculus	9-12
8253856-9	1993	Lowering pHi from 6.80 to 6.60 reduced O2- production from 15.3 +/- 1.8 to 9.8 +/- 1.6 nmoles/10(6) cells/40 min (P &lt; 0.05), indicating that the cytoplasmic acidification resulting from inhibition of H+ ATPases at low pHo could account for the associated impairment of O2- production.	Superoxides	272-274	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase 1	Mus musculus	9-12
23581847-1	2014	SIGNIFICANCE: The mitochondrial antioxidant manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is encoded by genomic DNA and its dismutase function is fully activated in the mitochondria to detoxify free radical O2( -) generated by mitochondrial respiration.	Superoxides	200-202	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	76-81
23581847-5	2014	These proteins modulate MnSOD superoxide scavenging activity via post-translational modifications in the mitochondria.	Superoxides	30-40	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	24-29
23590434-7	2014	The periodic fluctuation in MnSOD activity during the cell cycle inversely correlates with cellular superoxide levels as well as glucose and oxygen consumption.	Superoxides	100-110	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	28-33
23795822-2	2014	Superoxide is well known to perturb nonheme iron proteins, including Fe/S proteins such as aconitase and succinate dehydrogenase, as well as other enzymes containing labile iron such as the prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing family of enzymes; whereas hydrogen peroxide is more specific for two-electron reactions with thiols on glutathione, glutaredoxin, thioredoxin, and the peroxiredoxins.	Superoxides	0-10	glutaredoxin	Homo sapiens	344-356
24692674-2	2014	NOX1-derived extracellular superoxide anions are the basis for autocrine stimulation of proliferation, but also drive the HOCl and the NO/peroxynitrite signaling pathways.	Superoxides	27-44	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
24692674-6	2014	Due to the co-localization of NOX1, catalase and SOD on the outer membrane of tumor cells, specific inhibition of membrane-associated SOD causes superoxide anion-dependent inhibition of catalase.	Superoxides	145-161	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	30-34
24140862-5	2014	In vitro, confocal microscopy and size-exclusion chromatography demonstrated that dismutation of O2(-) by 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl (Tempol) and decomposition of H2O2 by catalase prevented Hcys-induced aggregation of NLRP3 inflammasome proteins and inhibited Hcys-induced caspase-1 activation and IL-1beta production in mouse podocytes.	Superoxides	97-99	caspase 1	Mus musculus	293-302
24365146-0	2014	N-Linked glycosylation of the superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase Nox1.	Superoxides	30-40	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	65-69
24365146-1	2014	Nox1 is a membrane-integrated protein that belongs to the Nox family of superoxide-producing NADPH oxidases.	Superoxides	72-82	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
24365146-6	2014	Superoxide production by unglycosylated Nox1 is largely dependent on p22(phox), which is abrogated by glutamine substitution for Pro-156 in p22(phox), a mutation leading to a defective interaction with the Nox1-activating protein Noxo1.	Superoxides	0-10	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	40-44
24365146-6	2014	Superoxide production by unglycosylated Nox1 is largely dependent on p22(phox), which is abrogated by glutamine substitution for Pro-156 in p22(phox), a mutation leading to a defective interaction with the Nox1-activating protein Noxo1.	Superoxides	0-10	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	206-210
24053613-0	2014	Nox2-induced production of mitochondrial superoxide in angiotensin II-mediated endothelial oxidative stress and hypertension.	Superoxides	41-51	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	0-4
24053613-5	2014	Nox2 depletion in gp91phox knockout mice inhibited AngII-induced cellular and mitochondrial O2( -) and attenuated hypertension.	Superoxides	92-94	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	0-4
24053613-5	2014	Nox2 depletion in gp91phox knockout mice inhibited AngII-induced cellular and mitochondrial O2( -) and attenuated hypertension.	Superoxides	92-94	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	18-26
24141169-8	2014	Denudation of endothelium and blockade of LOX-1 but not CD32 prevented CRP-induced elevation of superoxide in the vessel wall.	Superoxides	96-106	oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1	Homo sapiens	42-47
24396285-10	2014	TAT-RP1 supplementation increased anti-superoxide anion ability of HaCaT cells and decreased HaCaT cell radiosensitivity to irradiation.	Superoxides	39-55	RP1 axonemal microtubule associated	Homo sapiens	4-7
24298890-0	2013	Mechanism of enhanced superoxide production in the cytochrome b(6)f complex of oxygenic photosynthesis.	Superoxides	22-32	cytochrome b	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	51-63
24358357-2	2013	Previous work has shown that reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by the superoxide generating enzyme NOX2/NADPH oxidase play a crucial role in the vascular pathology.	Superoxides	75-85	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	104-108
24077950-9	2013	Thus PECAM-1 (and caveolae) are parts of the mechanosensing machinery that generates superoxide with loss of shear; the resultant ROS potentially drives neutrophil influx and acts as an angiogenic signal.	Superoxides	85-95	platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1	Mus musculus	5-12
22703342-6	2013	RESULTS: The superoxide inducer menadione triggered a significant de-repression of COX5b and CYC7.	Superoxides	13-23	cytochrome c isoform 2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	93-97
22703342-8	2013	COX5b/CYC7 was also de-repressed in wild-type cells treated with antimycin A, a mitochondrial bc1 complex inhibitor that increases superoxide production.	Superoxides	131-141	cytochrome c isoform 2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	6-10
24072697-7	2013	Proteomic analyses revealed that superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) expression was reduced in TAK1-deficient endothelial cells, resulting in attenuated hydrogen peroxide production but increased mitochondrial superoxide production.	Superoxides	33-43	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7	Mus musculus	89-93
24072697-11	2013	CONCLUSIONS: These results establish TAK1 as an AMPKalpha1 kinase that regulates vascular endothelial growth factor-induced and cytokine-induced angiogenesis by modulating SOD2 expression and the superoxide anion:hydrogen peroxide balance.	Superoxides	196-212	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7	Mus musculus	37-41
23832602-2	2013	Superoxide radical-generating menadione and serum deprivation diminished the steady-state mRNA levels for the genes phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), ubiquitin specific peptidase 28 (USP28), damage-regulated autophagy modulator (DRAM), TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR), and cylindromatosis (CYLD).	Superoxides	0-18	TP53 induced glycolysis regulatory phosphatase	Homo sapiens	241-288
23832602-2	2013	Superoxide radical-generating menadione and serum deprivation diminished the steady-state mRNA levels for the genes phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), ubiquitin specific peptidase 28 (USP28), damage-regulated autophagy modulator (DRAM), TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR), and cylindromatosis (CYLD).	Superoxides	0-18	TP53 induced glycolysis regulatory phosphatase	Homo sapiens	290-295
24055523-3	2013	This study attempted to reverse tamoxifen (TAM)-resistance in breast cancer by silencing a mitochondrial enzyme, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), which dismutates TAM-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) (i.e., superoxide) to less harmful hydrogen peroxide and hampers therapeutic effects.	Superoxides	123-133	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	145-150
24028658-7	2013	At the cellular and mitochondrial levels, ROS were increased in yeast treated with ethanol and increased to a higher level in the ssq1 , isa1 , iba57  and grx5  mutants - hydrogen peroxide and superoxide were the main molecules detected.	Superoxides	193-203	Fe-binding Fe/S cluster assembly protein ISA1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	137-141
24028658-7	2013	At the cellular and mitochondrial levels, ROS were increased in yeast treated with ethanol and increased to a higher level in the ssq1 , isa1 , iba57  and grx5  mutants - hydrogen peroxide and superoxide were the main molecules detected.	Superoxides	193-203	Iba57p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	144-149
23820268-1	2013	Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) may be uncoupled to produce superoxide rather than nitric oxide (NO) under pathological conditions such as diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance, leading to cardiac contractile anomalies.	Superoxides	56-66	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	0-21
24061560-1	2013	Copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (Sod1) is an abundant intracellular enzyme that catalyzes the disproportionation of superoxide to give hydrogen peroxide and dioxygen.	Superoxides	12-22	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	34-38
23819990-6	2013	Upregulation of UCP2 was critical for controlling mitochondrial membrane potential (Deltapsi) and superoxide production.	Superoxides	98-108	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	16-20
23880762-3	2013	The antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) catalyzes the dismutation of highly reactive O2 (-) into H2O2 and thus acts as an intracellular generator of H2O2.	Superoxides	95-101	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	45-48
23880762-4	2013	As charged O2 (-) is unable to diffuse through intracellular membranes, cells express distinct SOD isoforms in the cytosol (Cu,Zn-SOD) and mitochondria (Mn-SOD), where they locally scavenge O2 (-) leading to production of H2O2.	Superoxides	190-192	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	95-98
23880762-4	2013	As charged O2 (-) is unable to diffuse through intracellular membranes, cells express distinct SOD isoforms in the cytosol (Cu,Zn-SOD) and mitochondria (Mn-SOD), where they locally scavenge O2 (-) leading to production of H2O2.	Superoxides	190-192	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	153-159
23903654-8	2013	Furthermore, genetic ablation of the superoxide-producing enzyme NOX2 (also known as CYBB) protected mice from globular domain ligand toxicity.	Superoxides	37-47	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	65-69
23903654-8	2013	Furthermore, genetic ablation of the superoxide-producing enzyme NOX2 (also known as CYBB) protected mice from globular domain ligand toxicity.	Superoxides	37-47	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	85-89
23804455-2	2013	Overproduction of superoxide by the NADPH oxidase isoform Nox4 plays an important role in podocyte injury.	Superoxides	18-28	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	58-62
23707391-0	2013	Involvement of small GTPase RhoA in the regulation of superoxide production in BV2 cells in response to fibrillar Abeta peptides.	Superoxides	54-64	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	28-32
23707391-12	2013	These results suggest that RhoA closely engages in the regulation of superoxide production induced by fAbeta through phosphorylation of p47(PHOX) in microglial BV2 cells.	Superoxides	69-79	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	27-31
23639814-6	2013	Gastric tissue neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) protein expression was upregulated in both newborn and adult hph-1 mice, but in the former there was evidence of enzyme uncoupling and higher tissue superoxide generation when compared with same age-matched animals.	Superoxides	202-212	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	47-51
23633486-8	2013	We confirmed our findings with CD14(+) cells isolated from patients with advanced stage melanoma, which inhibited autologous T cells in a manner relying up prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), STAT-3, and superoxide.	Superoxides	193-203	CD14 molecule	Homo sapiens	31-35
23417568-4	2013	In the current study, we scrutinized the effects of hydrogen peroxide and/or menadione (superoxide anion generator) on JNK/p38-MAPKs and JAK2-STAT3 pathways to elucidate the mechanism(s) by which each oxidant modulated the above-mentioned pathways leading to SK-N-MC cell death.	Superoxides	88-104	Janus kinase 2	Homo sapiens	137-141
23453926-0	2013	Advanced oxidation protein products induce cardiomyocyte death via Nox2/Rac1/superoxide-dependent TRAF3IP2/JNK signaling.	Superoxides	77-87	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	67-71
23453926-6	2013	AOPP-MSA stimulated Nox2/Rac1-dependent superoxide generation, TRAF3IP2 expression, and TRAF3IP2-dependent JNK activation.	Superoxides	40-50	peroxiredoxin 5	Mus musculus	0-4
23453926-6	2013	AOPP-MSA stimulated Nox2/Rac1-dependent superoxide generation, TRAF3IP2 expression, and TRAF3IP2-dependent JNK activation.	Superoxides	40-50	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	20-24
23453926-6	2013	AOPP-MSA stimulated Nox2/Rac1-dependent superoxide generation, TRAF3IP2 expression, and TRAF3IP2-dependent JNK activation.	Superoxides	40-50	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	25-29
23453926-12	2013	These results demonstrate for the first time that AOPPs induce cardiomyocyte death via Nox2/Rac1/superoxide-dependent TRAF3IP2/JNK activation in vitro and suggest that AOPPs may contribute to myocardial injury in vivo.	Superoxides	97-107	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	87-91
23453926-12	2013	These results demonstrate for the first time that AOPPs induce cardiomyocyte death via Nox2/Rac1/superoxide-dependent TRAF3IP2/JNK activation in vitro and suggest that AOPPs may contribute to myocardial injury in vivo.	Superoxides	97-107	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	92-96
23621575-6	2013	Interestingly, amp1 mutants accumulated excess superoxide and displayed hypersensitivity to oxidative stress.	Superoxides	47-57	Peptidase M28 family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	15-19
23805104-3	2013	Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that superoxide generated by Nox2 plays a role in angiotensin II-induced cerebral arteriolar remodeling.	Superoxides	41-51	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	65-69
23805104-10	2013	Increased superoxide and inward remodeling were prevented in Nox2-deficient mice.	Superoxides	10-20	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	61-65
23805104-12	2013	In conclusion, superoxide derived from Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase plays an important role in angiotensin II-mediated inward remodeling in cerebral arterioles.	Superoxides	15-25	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	39-43
23349484-6	2013	Double transgenic mice with endothelial-specific insulin resistance and deletion of Nox2 showed reduced superoxide production and improved vascular function.	Superoxides	104-114	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	84-88
23776393-12	2013	On the other hand, superoxide reduces KCa3.1 expression by downregulating pERK and upregulating REST, and inhibits the K(+) current.	Superoxides	19-29	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily N member 4	Homo sapiens	38-44
23454195-6	2013	We also provide evidence that activation of microglial CR1 was detrimental to neurons and this correlated with an increase in microglial intracellular superoxide generation, and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta) secretion.	Superoxides	151-161	complement C3b/C4b receptor 1 (Knops blood group)	Homo sapiens	55-58
23559014-6	2013	Calcium influx through NR2B-containing NMDA receptors triggered mitochondrial depolarization, NOX2 activation, superoxide formation, and cell death.	Superoxides	111-121	glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2B	Homo sapiens	23-27
23220213-8	2013	Also, less mitochondrial superoxide was detected in the cells with silenced CyP40 compared to control cells after UVA exposure.	Superoxides	25-35	peptidylprolyl isomerase D	Homo sapiens	76-81
23124112-1	2013	Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) can moderate oxidative stress by favoring the influx of protons into the mitochondrial matrix, thus reducing electron leakage from respiratory chain and mitochondrial superoxide production.	Superoxides	209-219	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-34
23124112-1	2013	Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) can moderate oxidative stress by favoring the influx of protons into the mitochondrial matrix, thus reducing electron leakage from respiratory chain and mitochondrial superoxide production.	Superoxides	209-219	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	36-40
10873554-1	2000	The present study is the first to show that superoxide (O(-)(2)) forming NADPH oxidase is activated in Alzheimer"s disease (AD) brains by demonstrating the marked translocation of the cytosolic factors p47-phox and p67-phox to the membrane.	Superoxides	44-54	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	215-223
10867503-7	2000	Eosinophil superoxide production stimulated with sIgA was abolished by anti-CD18 mAb, suggesting that beta2 integrins might be crucial for this reaction.	Superoxides	11-21	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	102-107
11039304-10	2000	Following the application of both MPTP and NGF, the activity of SOD and GSH-Px remained on control values, while the superoxide anion content was decreased, compared to controls.	Superoxides	117-133	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	43-46
10766782-6	2000	We propose that this increased iron demand in the sod1 mutant may be a reflection of the cells" efforts to reconstitute iron-sulfur cluster-containing enzymes that are continuously inactivated in conditions of excess superoxide.	Superoxides	217-227	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	50-54
10889449-5	2000	Taken together, these observations suggest that the induction of MnSOD expression by TNF-alpha is at least partially mediated by intracellular formation of oxygen free radicals, and that superoxide is most likely the initiating species involved in the mediation of MnSOD gene expression by TNF-alpha.	Superoxides	187-197	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	265-270
10718345-6	2000	Resveratrol treatment caused a significant impairment of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) induction stimulated by LPS and PMA or by O2- or H2O2 exposure.	Superoxides	124-126	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	57-73
10718345-6	2000	Resveratrol treatment caused a significant impairment of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) induction stimulated by LPS and PMA or by O2- or H2O2 exposure.	Superoxides	124-126	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	75-80
10741851-4	2000	Our results provide evidence that O2- may be involved in the pathways that result in arachidonate release and PGE2 formation by COX-2 in murine peritoneal macrophages stimulated by LPS.	Superoxides	34-36	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	128-133
10985929-0	2000	The link between met-enkephalin-induced down-regulation of APN activity and the release of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	91-107	alanyl aminopeptidase, membrane	Homo sapiens	59-62
10744274-5	2000	Superoxide production was measured by the reduction cytochrome c, elastase release by cleavage of AAPV-pNA, and beta2-integrin expression by flow cytometry.	Superoxides	0-10	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	112-117
11112045-5	2000	Since CsA increases superoxide production, which metabolises NO, plasma hydroperoxides from cholesterol esters and from triglycerides and peroxynitrite were also evaluated (HPLC) as an index of the presence of superoxides and of "oxidative stress".	Superoxides	20-30	ERCC excision repair 8, CSA ubiquitin ligase complex subunit	Homo sapiens	6-9
11112045-12	2000	However, the NO-mediated counterregulatory system to CsA-induced vasoconstriction, present in normals, could be canceled in patients by CsA-induced superoxide (O2-) and free radical production which, by increasing NO metabolism, could contribute to CsA-induced vasoconstriction and hypertension and predispose to atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	148-158	ERCC excision repair 8, CSA ubiquitin ligase complex subunit	Homo sapiens	53-56
11112045-12	2000	However, the NO-mediated counterregulatory system to CsA-induced vasoconstriction, present in normals, could be canceled in patients by CsA-induced superoxide (O2-) and free radical production which, by increasing NO metabolism, could contribute to CsA-induced vasoconstriction and hypertension and predispose to atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	148-158	ERCC excision repair 8, CSA ubiquitin ligase complex subunit	Homo sapiens	136-139
11112045-12	2000	However, the NO-mediated counterregulatory system to CsA-induced vasoconstriction, present in normals, could be canceled in patients by CsA-induced superoxide (O2-) and free radical production which, by increasing NO metabolism, could contribute to CsA-induced vasoconstriction and hypertension and predispose to atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	148-158	ERCC excision repair 8, CSA ubiquitin ligase complex subunit	Homo sapiens	136-139
11112045-12	2000	However, the NO-mediated counterregulatory system to CsA-induced vasoconstriction, present in normals, could be canceled in patients by CsA-induced superoxide (O2-) and free radical production which, by increasing NO metabolism, could contribute to CsA-induced vasoconstriction and hypertension and predispose to atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	160-162	ERCC excision repair 8, CSA ubiquitin ligase complex subunit	Homo sapiens	53-56
11112045-12	2000	However, the NO-mediated counterregulatory system to CsA-induced vasoconstriction, present in normals, could be canceled in patients by CsA-induced superoxide (O2-) and free radical production which, by increasing NO metabolism, could contribute to CsA-induced vasoconstriction and hypertension and predispose to atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	160-162	ERCC excision repair 8, CSA ubiquitin ligase complex subunit	Homo sapiens	136-139
11112045-12	2000	However, the NO-mediated counterregulatory system to CsA-induced vasoconstriction, present in normals, could be canceled in patients by CsA-induced superoxide (O2-) and free radical production which, by increasing NO metabolism, could contribute to CsA-induced vasoconstriction and hypertension and predispose to atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	160-162	ERCC excision repair 8, CSA ubiquitin ligase complex subunit	Homo sapiens	136-139
10601249-6	1999	Surprisingly, however, a single D200H mutation, targeting the fourth potential copper ligand in CCS, granted significant superoxide scavenging activity to this metallochaperone that was readily detected with CCS expressed in yeast.	Superoxides	121-131	copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase	Homo sapiens	96-99
10601249-6	1999	Surprisingly, however, a single D200H mutation, targeting the fourth potential copper ligand in CCS, granted significant superoxide scavenging activity to this metallochaperone that was readily detected with CCS expressed in yeast.	Superoxides	121-131	copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase	Homo sapiens	208-211
10611283-9	1999	Human b5+b5R flavohemoprotein is a NAD(P)H oxidoreductase, demonstrated by superoxide production in the presence of air and excess NAD(P)H and by cytochrome c reduction in vitro.	Superoxides	75-85	cytochrome b5 reductase 3	Homo sapiens	9-12
10545213-2	1999	Two alternative hypotheses were tested: (i) that overexpression of Mn superoxide dismutase (Mn SOD) in the mitochondria of Drosophila melanogaster would slow the accrual of oxidative damage and prolong survival or (ii) that there is an evolved optimum level of superoxide anion radical, such that overexpression of Mn SOD would have deleterious or neutral effects.	Superoxides	261-285	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	67-90
10545213-2	1999	Two alternative hypotheses were tested: (i) that overexpression of Mn superoxide dismutase (Mn SOD) in the mitochondria of Drosophila melanogaster would slow the accrual of oxidative damage and prolong survival or (ii) that there is an evolved optimum level of superoxide anion radical, such that overexpression of Mn SOD would have deleterious or neutral effects.	Superoxides	261-285	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	92-98
10644010-5	1999	Our results show a 20-50% increase in both SOD activities when cells were exposed to TNF or to an oxidative stress produced by Paraquat (a generator of superoxide anion radicals), both in terms of enzymes activity (zymogram) and protein levels (Western blotting and ELISA).	Superoxides	152-177	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	43-46
10511315-1	1999	The overexpression of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), an enzyme that catalyzes the removal of superoxide (O2*-) from the mitochondria, has been shown to be closely associated with tumor regression in vivo and loss of the malignant phenotype in vitro.	Superoxides	32-42	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	54-59
10480957-1	1999	OBJECTIVES: to assess the efficacy of recombinant human manganese superoxide dismutase (rhMnSOD) in prevention of early and late skeletal muscle ischaemia-reperfusion injury mediated by superoxide (O2-).	Superoxides	198-200	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	56-86
10596842-10	1999	alpha1-Protease inhibitor, which inhibits neutrophil elastase, is inactivated by oxidative metabolites such as superoxide and peroxynitrite, and this effect activates matrix metalloproteinases.	Superoxides	111-121	elastase, neutrophil expressed	Homo sapiens	42-61
10452867-5	1999	PMNs were isolated and superoxide anion (O(-)(2)) generation (nmol O(-)(2)/3.75 x 10(5) PMNs/min) was measured by reduction of cytochrome c after exposure to fMLP, C5a, or PMA; elastase release (% total PMN elastase content) was measured by cleavage of AAPV-pNA after exposure to fMLP or C5a.	Superoxides	23-39	elastase, neutrophil expressed	Homo sapiens	203-215
10455106-6	1999	This study shows that the inhibited complex responsible for the zero-order phase in the catalysis by Mn-SOD of superoxide dismutation can be reached through both the forward (O-(2)) and reverse (H(2)O(2)) reactions, supporting a mechanism in which the zero-order phase results from product inhibition.	Superoxides	111-121	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	101-107
10501655-3	1999	In agreement with the flow-cytometric findings, the inhibition of superoxide production was more important for SOD-pretreated monocytes than for neutrophils, as demonstrated with the cytochrome c reduction assay.	Superoxides	66-76	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	183-195
10501655-7	1999	Superoxide production by monocytes and neutrophils was measured with the cytochrome c assay.	Superoxides	0-10	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	73-85
10220580-1	1999	We studied the roles of cofilin, an actin-binding phosphoprotein, in superoxide production of neutrophil-like HL-60 cells triggered by opsonized zymosan (OZ).	Superoxides	69-79	cofilin 1	Homo sapiens	24-31
10220580-11	1999	Furthermore, in a superoxide-producing cell-free system employing membranous and cytosolic fractions, affinity-purified anti-cofilin antibody showed an enhancing effect.	Superoxides	18-28	cofilin 1	Homo sapiens	125-132
10220580-12	1999	These results suggest that cofilin participates in the superoxide production of the OZ-activated phagocytes through dephosphorylation and translocation.	Superoxides	55-65	cofilin 1	Homo sapiens	27-34
10220589-0	1999	Regulation of reactive oxygen species by nerve growth factor but not Bcl-2 as a novel mechanism of protection of PC12 cells from superoxide anion-induced death.	Superoxides	129-145	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	41-60
10220589-5	1999	NGF enhanced the production of O2- and suppressed that of H2O2, suggesting that it inhibits the conversion of O2- to H2O2, while Bcl-2 had no such effect.	Superoxides	31-33	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
10220589-5	1999	NGF enhanced the production of O2- and suppressed that of H2O2, suggesting that it inhibits the conversion of O2- to H2O2, while Bcl-2 had no such effect.	Superoxides	60-62	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
10024567-5	1999	O2- production by granulocytes during stimulation was assessed by measuring the reduction of ferricytochrome c. PYV+ Y. enterocolitica inhibited O2- production by granulocytes incubated with opsonized Y. enterocolitica or N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (f-MLP).	Superoxides	0-2	cysteine and glycine rich protein 3	Homo sapiens	246-249
10072549-5	1999	Human eosinophils produced superoxide when stimulated with immobilized IgG, soluble IL-5, or PAF.	Superoxides	27-37	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	84-88
10072549-8	1999	Furthermore, structurally distinct PAF antagonists, including CV6209, hexanolamine PAF, and Y-24180 (israpafant), inhibited IgG- or IL-5-induced superoxide production and degranulation.	Superoxides	145-155	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	132-136
10037473-4	1999	The endangering action of mutant PS1 was associated with increased superoxide production, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, and caspase activation.	Superoxides	67-77	presenilin 1	Homo sapiens	33-36
10084304-4	1999	Our results show that both a transient heat shock (20 min at 42 degrees C) and various oxidative stresses, including hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, hyperoxia and UVA exposure, induce a strong increase in clusterin mRNA levels as assessed by northern blot.	Superoxides	136-152	clusterin	Homo sapiens	210-219
10026150-8	1999	Spectrophotometric examination of nNOS revealed that the addition of NaClO4 and a superoxide-generating system, but neither alone, prevented the increase of heme absorption at 436 nm, which has been attributed to the nitrosyl complex.	Superoxides	82-92	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	34-38
9920876-1	1999	Mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) is the primary cellular defense against damaging superoxide radicals generated by aerobic metabolism and as a consequence of inflammatory disease.	Superoxides	24-34	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	46-52
9853553-7	1998	Upregulation of MnSOD in cancer tissue most likely serves as a protective mechanism against anti-cancer therapies known to produce superoxide radicals as a key component of their tumor-killing activity.	Superoxides	131-150	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	16-21
9879663-7	1998	The IC50 values of caeruloplasmin, hCP, and BSA for the superoxide radical were 12, 2, 260 microM and for the hydroxyl radical 15, 2, 200 microM.	Superoxides	56-74	coproporphyrinogen oxidase	Homo sapiens	35-38
9804763-2	1998	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytic cells is a multicomponent system containing a membrane-bound flavocytochrome b and a small G protein Rac as well as cytosolic factors p67(phox) (phagocyte oxidase), p47(phox), and p40(phox), which translocate to the membrane upon activation.	Superoxides	4-14	interleukin 9	Homo sapiens	242-245
9804763-3	1998	In a previous paper, we reported that p40(phox) undergoes phosphorylation on multiple sites upon stimulation of the NADPH oxidase by either phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate or by formyl peptide with a time course that is strongly correlated with that of superoxide production (Fuchs, A., Bouin, A. P., Rabilloud, T., and Vignais, P. V. (1997) Eur.	Superoxides	253-263	interleukin 9	Homo sapiens	38-41
9766529-8	1998	These results lead to a working hypothesis that arsenite-induced apoptosis is triggered by the generation of hydrogen peroxide through activation of flavoprotein-dependent superoxide-producing enzymes (such as NADPH oxidase), and hydrogen peroxide might play a role as a mediator to induce apoptosis through release of cytochrome c to cytosol, activation of CPP32 protease, and PARP degradation.	Superoxides	172-182	collagen type XI alpha 2 chain	Homo sapiens	378-382
9773743-11	1998	The apparently paradoxical increase in MnSOD expression may be an adaptive response to increased superoxide generation.	Superoxides	97-107	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	39-44
9647744-0	1998	Superoxide production in human neutrophils: evidence for signal redundancy and the involvement of more than one PKC isoenzyme class.	Superoxides	0-10	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	112-115
9624128-1	1998	The superoxide generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes consists, in resting cells, of a membrane-associated electron transporting flavocytochrome (cytochrome b559) and four cytosolic proteins as follows: p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase, Rac(1 or 2).	Superoxides	4-14	interleukin 9	Homo sapiens	225-228
9581656-3	1998	After 16 weeks of ethanol feeding, Kupffer cells from male Sprague-Dawley rats were isolated and assayed for HIV-1 gp120-induced superoxide release.	Superoxides	129-139	Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	115-120
9581656-5	1998	Results show that HIV-1 gp120 induced the release of superoxide anion in a dose-dependent manner in normal rats.	Superoxides	53-69	Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	24-29
9581656-6	1998	Mannosylated-bovine serum albumin inhibited FITC-HIV-1 gp120-mediated superoxide release in normal Kupffer cells by 85%.	Superoxides	70-80	Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	55-60
9490029-1	1998	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase, dormant in resting phagocytes, is activated during phagocytosis following assembly of the membrane-integrated protein cytochrome b558 and cytosolic factors.	Superoxides	4-14	cytochrome b	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	159-171
9490044-3	1998	Cells deleted for the LYS7 gene displayed, in addition to lysine auxotrophy, methionine auxotrophy, sensitivity to superoxide generating drugs and light irradiation, and diminution of calcineurin activity.	Superoxides	115-125	copper chaperone CCS1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	22-26
9833171-3	1998	Stimulation of AT1 receptors is associated with endothelial dysfunction, mainly as the consequence of an increased vascular production of superoxide radicals, vasoconstriction, platelet activation, enhanced release of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, activation of immediate early genes c-fos and c-jun, myocyte hypertrophy, connective tissue formation, endothelin-1 synthesis, and activation of growth factors like PDGF and TGF-beta 1.	Superoxides	138-148	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	15-18
9368191-0	1998	An inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase antagonizes superoxide generation by primed human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.	Superoxides	52-62	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	16-39
9337622-0	1997	Electron spin resonance evidence of the generation of superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical and singlet oxygen during the photohemolysis of human erythrocytes with bacteriochlorin a.	Superoxides	54-70	B cell linker	Homo sapiens	161-178
9280304-3	1997	Both 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1), (which, by releasing NO and superoxide, leads to the formation of peroxynitrite), and S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), (which releases only NO), inhibited microglial prostanoid production, by preventing COX-2 expression.	Superoxides	66-76	mitogen-activated protein kinase associated protein 1	Mus musculus	30-35
9087605-6	1997	Cross-linking of canine neutrophil L-selectin using anti-L-selectin antibody induced a rapid and transient increase in intracellular Ca2+ levels and superoxide anion generation that were dependent on the extent of L-selectin cross-linking.	Superoxides	149-165	selectin L	Canis lupus familiaris	35-45
9087605-6	1997	Cross-linking of canine neutrophil L-selectin using anti-L-selectin antibody induced a rapid and transient increase in intracellular Ca2+ levels and superoxide anion generation that were dependent on the extent of L-selectin cross-linking.	Superoxides	149-165	selectin L	Canis lupus familiaris	57-67
9087605-6	1997	Cross-linking of canine neutrophil L-selectin using anti-L-selectin antibody induced a rapid and transient increase in intracellular Ca2+ levels and superoxide anion generation that were dependent on the extent of L-selectin cross-linking.	Superoxides	149-165	selectin L	Canis lupus familiaris	57-67
9060453-1	1997	The NADPH oxidase that produces superoxide in professional phagocytic cells is a flavocytochrome b electron transport chain in the membrane, a heterodimer of gp91phox and p22phox, that is activated by a number of cytosolic proteins, including p47phox, p67phox, and the small GTP-binding protein p21rac, which translocate to the membrane and attach to the flavocytochrome on activation.	Superoxides	32-42	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	252-259
9024144-14	1997	Increased vascular .O2- may contribute to vascular disease in high renin/angiotensin II states.	Superoxides	20-22	renin	Rattus norvegicus	67-72
9255350-10	1997	These results indicate that activated Rac, and particularly Rac2, can regulate superoxide production by NADPH oxidase of phagocytic cells through direct interaction with p67phox subunit.	Superoxides	79-89	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	170-177
8879231-6	1996	When TNF-alpha-primed neutrophils were stimulated by anti-PR3 antibodies, superoxide and elastase secretion was provoked in the absence of lipid mediator generation.	Superoxides	74-84	proteinase 3	Homo sapiens	58-61
8806782-5	1996	On the other hand, an increase in the .NO/O2.- value resulted in nitration of SP-A tyrosine residues, located in the carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD), and decreased the ability of SP-A to aggregate lipids and bind mannose, two functions that require an intact CRD.	Superoxides	42-44	surfactant protein A1	Homo sapiens	78-82
8806782-5	1996	On the other hand, an increase in the .NO/O2.- value resulted in nitration of SP-A tyrosine residues, located in the carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD), and decreased the ability of SP-A to aggregate lipids and bind mannose, two functions that require an intact CRD.	Superoxides	42-44	surfactant protein A1	Homo sapiens	185-189
8806782-11	1996	However, ONOO., formed by the reaction of .NO and O2.-, nitrates SP-A leading to decreased ability to aggregate lipids and bind mannose.	Superoxides	50-52	surfactant protein A1	Homo sapiens	65-69
8781442-1	1996	The cytosolic 67-kD protein in phagocytes (p67-phox) and B lymphocytes is one of essential components of the superoxide-generating system in these cells, and its defect causes an autosomal recessive type of chronic granulomatous disease (CGD).	Superoxides	109-119	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	43-51
8702551-3	1996	Mn-SOD is a nuclear-encoded mitochondrial matrix protein and serves a protective function by detoxifying superoxide.	Superoxides	105-115	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-6
8702551-10	1996	These findings indicate that both Mn-SOD and O2 may regulate the levels of a cellular oxidant involved in both basal and TNF-induced IL-1alpha expression, presumably superoxide.	Superoxides	166-176	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	34-40
21594386-2	1996	The known function of MnSOD is to remove superoxide radicals generated in the mitochondria.	Superoxides	41-51	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	22-27
8628756-6	1996	Superoxide anion attained a level of 76 microM as determined by the superoxide dismutase (SOD)-dependent increase in hydrogen peroxide formation and of 52 microM by the SOD-inhibitable reduction of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	0-16	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	198-210
8605177-9	1996	Rapid inactivation of Ile58Thr MnSOD at the elevated temperatures associated with fever and inflammation could provide an early advantage by killing infected cells, but also would increase superoxide-mediated oxidative damage and perhaps contribute to late-onset diseases.	Superoxides	189-199	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	31-36
8901022-6	1996	An IP3 receptor antagonist, heparin, reduced both the substance P-induced O2- production and the transient increase in [Ca2+]i without any significant effects on the sustained increase in [Ca2+]i.	Superoxides	74-76	inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3	Homo sapiens	3-15
8602839-1	1996	Human manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a nuclear encoded mitochondrial protein that scavenges potentially toxic superoxide radicals by dismuting O2- to O2 plus H2O2.	Superoxides	27-37	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	49-54
8602839-1	1996	Human manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a nuclear encoded mitochondrial protein that scavenges potentially toxic superoxide radicals by dismuting O2- to O2 plus H2O2.	Superoxides	165-167	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	6-47
8602839-1	1996	Human manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a nuclear encoded mitochondrial protein that scavenges potentially toxic superoxide radicals by dismuting O2- to O2 plus H2O2.	Superoxides	165-167	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	49-54
8602839-1	1996	Human manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a nuclear encoded mitochondrial protein that scavenges potentially toxic superoxide radicals by dismuting O2- to O2 plus H2O2.	Superoxides	172-174	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	6-47
8602839-1	1996	Human manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a nuclear encoded mitochondrial protein that scavenges potentially toxic superoxide radicals by dismuting O2- to O2 plus H2O2.	Superoxides	172-174	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	49-54
8602757-1	1996	Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are metalloenzymes that detoxify superoxide radicals, and occur in cytosolic (Cu,Zn-SOD) and mitochondrial (Mn-SOD) forms in multiple tissues, including brain.	Superoxides	62-72	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	137-143
8839053-3	1996	In the presence of suboptimal arginine concentrations, uncoupled turnover of nNOS produces both nitric oxide and superoxide, reactive species which combine to form peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	113-123	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	77-81
8728118-0	1996	Superoxide anion radical generation during the oxidation of various amines by diamine oxidase.	Superoxides	0-24	amine oxidase copper containing 1	Homo sapiens	78-93
8846270-4	1996	Superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical formation was measured by superoxide dismutase-inhibitable cytochrome c reduction, the dichlorofluorescin technique and the salicylate method, respectively.	Superoxides	0-10	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	110-122
7560640-6	1995	N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine-stimulated superoxide anion generation was slightly but significantly enhanced by incubation with IL-5 but not with GM-CSF.	Superoxides	51-67	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	138-142
7662713-11	1995	We therefore propose that superoxide anion (O2- and H2O2 generated by PQ could activate PKC and lead to induction of c-jun gene expression; on the other hand, O2- and .OH might trigger other kinase pathways to elevate ODC activity.	Superoxides	26-42	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	218-221
7543075-3	1995	The results demonstrate that CD14 mediates the priming of neutrophil superoxide release by LPS both in the presence and in the absence of serum.	Superoxides	69-79	CD14 molecule	Homo sapiens	29-33
7599209-5	1995	MnSOD, identified as one of the protective proteins, is a mitochondrial enzyme that scavenges superoxide radicals (O2-).	Superoxides	94-104	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
7599209-5	1995	MnSOD, identified as one of the protective proteins, is a mitochondrial enzyme that scavenges superoxide radicals (O2-).	Superoxides	115-117	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
7738010-3	1995	Rac1 also activates superoxide production by the components (cytochrome b, p40phox, p67phox, and p47phox) of the neutrophil oxidase.	Superoxides	20-30	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	84-91
7751055-6	1995	We also found that IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha stimulated the release of bioactive TGF-beta and that treatment of microglial cell cultures with TGF-beta antagonized the priming effects of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha on O2- production.	Superoxides	211-213	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	140-148
7982999-2	1994	When the neutrophil NADPH oxidase is activated to generate superoxide, the cytosolic components, p47phox, p67phox, and the GTP-binding protein Rac, become stably associated with the plasma membrane.	Superoxides	59-69	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	106-113
7705297-3	1994	Oxidase-catalyzed univalent reduction of O2 (S = 1; triplet multiplicity) yields hydrodioxylic acid (HO2) and its conjugate base superoxide, O2- (S = 1/2; doublet multiplicity).	Superoxides	129-139	heme oxygenase 2	Homo sapiens	101-104
7528241-5	1994	Our results suggest that both tyrosinase and thioredoxin reductase respond to oxidative stress in the epidermis as well as in melanoma cells and react with superoxide anion radicals to stimulate melanogenesis and to prevent peroxidative damage, respectively.	Superoxides	156-181	peroxiredoxin 5	Mus musculus	45-66
7522176-6	1994	Both, the oxygen burst resulting in the generation of superoxide anions and the degranulation of polymorphonuclear neutrophils accompanied by release of the lysosomal enzyme beta-glucuronidase, were significantly and dose dependently inhibited.	Superoxides	54-71	glucuronidase beta	Homo sapiens	174-192
8187280-3	1994	Treatment of vascular smooth muscle cells with Ang II for 4 to 6 hours caused a 2.7 +/- 0.4-fold increase in intracellular superoxide anion formation as detected by lucigenin assay.	Superoxides	123-139	angiogenin	Homo sapiens	47-50
8089806-8	1994	These results suggest that nephritogenic IgA-IC may amplify the proliferation of HMC and the production of immune/chemical mediators and superoxide anion thereby resulting in the renal lesions of IgAN.	Superoxides	137-153	IGAN1	Homo sapiens	196-200
8186231-6	1994	Superoxide dismutase but not catalase or DMSO prevented the ferritin-stimulated inactivation of G6Pase suggesting a role for superoxide, but not H2O2 or hydroxyl radical, in the overall mechanism.	Superoxides	125-135	glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit 1	Homo sapiens	96-102
8051690-2	1994	Activation of Cl- as well as H(+)-selective currents may give rise to stimulus-induced changes in membrane potential and counteract changes in intracellular pH (pHi) which have been observed to be closely associated with respiratory burst activation and superoxide production in macrophages.	Superoxides	254-264	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Homo sapiens	161-164
8051690-9	1994	Activation of both conductances would contribute to the changes in membrane potential which accompany stimulation-induced activation of macrophages as well as counteract the decrease in pHi during sustained superoxide production.	Superoxides	207-217	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Homo sapiens	186-189
8141770-3	1994	Activation of superoxide production by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate or formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine in whole cells, and by SDS in the cell-free assay, led to the dissociation of some of the p21rac2 from rhoGDI and its movement to the plasma membrane together with p47phox and p67phox.	Superoxides	14-24	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	287-294
8125910-0	1994	The GDP-bound form of the small G protein Rac1 p21 is a potent activator of the superoxide-forming NADPH oxidase of macrophages.	Superoxides	80-90	ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Cavia porcellus	42-46
8166235-4	1994	It was inhibited by exposing the rings for 90 min either to peroxide [50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) = 0.56 +/- 0.18 mM] or to superoxide generated by xanthine oxidase (XO; 0.3 mM xanthine and xanthine oxidase, IC50 = 0.08 +/- 02 mU/ml).	Superoxides	132-142	xanthine dehydrogenase	Sus scrofa	156-172
15374307-5	1994	The authors demonstrated that the steady-state levels of ODC mRNA and the correlated superoxide anion production are lower in the monocytes of elderly subjects with respect to those in young subjects used as control.	Superoxides	85-101	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	57-60
7509321-0	1994	Pentoxifylline and CD14 antibody additively inhibit priming of polymorphonuclear leukocytes for enhanced release of superoxide by lipopolysaccharide: possible mechanism of these actions.	Superoxides	116-126	CD14 molecule	Homo sapiens	19-23
8196290-9	1994	IgA aggregates/immune complexes may contribute to the immunopathogenesis of IgAN through augmenting the Fc alpha receptor-mediated generation of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	145-161	IGAN1	Homo sapiens	76-80
7509102-1	1993	The intracellular localization of Cu/Zn- and Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), which catalyze the dismutation of superoxide radicals (O2-) to O2 and H2O2, was studied in the thyroid tissue of various thyroid disorders by an immunohistochemical technique.	Superoxides	110-129	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	45-68
7509102-1	1993	The intracellular localization of Cu/Zn- and Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), which catalyze the dismutation of superoxide radicals (O2-) to O2 and H2O2, was studied in the thyroid tissue of various thyroid disorders by an immunohistochemical technique.	Superoxides	110-129	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	70-73
8238533-4	1993	The vascular effects of TNF were associated with 1) decreased lung effluent nitrite (NO2-, oxidation product of nitric oxide), 2) increased lung effluent superoxide (O2-), and 3) increased lung myeloperoxidase (MPO).	Superoxides	154-164	tumor necrosis factor	Cavia porcellus	24-27
8238533-4	1993	The vascular effects of TNF were associated with 1) decreased lung effluent nitrite (NO2-, oxidation product of nitric oxide), 2) increased lung effluent superoxide (O2-), and 3) increased lung myeloperoxidase (MPO).	Superoxides	86-88	tumor necrosis factor	Cavia porcellus	24-27
8305740-6	1993	The effect of p190 on superoxide (O2-) formation was reversed by the addition of a constitutively GTP-bound Rac2 mutant or Rac1-GTP gamma S but not by RhoA-GTP gamma S. Addition of p190 to an activated oxidase produced no inhibitory effect, suggesting either that p190 no longer has access to Rac in the assembled oxidase or that Rac-GTP is not required for activity once O2- generation has been initiated.	Superoxides	22-32	contactin associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	14-18
8305740-6	1993	The effect of p190 on superoxide (O2-) formation was reversed by the addition of a constitutively GTP-bound Rac2 mutant or Rac1-GTP gamma S but not by RhoA-GTP gamma S. Addition of p190 to an activated oxidase produced no inhibitory effect, suggesting either that p190 no longer has access to Rac in the assembled oxidase or that Rac-GTP is not required for activity once O2- generation has been initiated.	Superoxides	22-32	contactin associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	181-185
8305740-6	1993	The effect of p190 on superoxide (O2-) formation was reversed by the addition of a constitutively GTP-bound Rac2 mutant or Rac1-GTP gamma S but not by RhoA-GTP gamma S. Addition of p190 to an activated oxidase produced no inhibitory effect, suggesting either that p190 no longer has access to Rac in the assembled oxidase or that Rac-GTP is not required for activity once O2- generation has been initiated.	Superoxides	22-32	contactin associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	181-185
8305740-6	1993	The effect of p190 on superoxide (O2-) formation was reversed by the addition of a constitutively GTP-bound Rac2 mutant or Rac1-GTP gamma S but not by RhoA-GTP gamma S. Addition of p190 to an activated oxidase produced no inhibitory effect, suggesting either that p190 no longer has access to Rac in the assembled oxidase or that Rac-GTP is not required for activity once O2- generation has been initiated.	Superoxides	34-36	contactin associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	14-18
8305740-6	1993	The effect of p190 on superoxide (O2-) formation was reversed by the addition of a constitutively GTP-bound Rac2 mutant or Rac1-GTP gamma S but not by RhoA-GTP gamma S. Addition of p190 to an activated oxidase produced no inhibitory effect, suggesting either that p190 no longer has access to Rac in the assembled oxidase or that Rac-GTP is not required for activity once O2- generation has been initiated.	Superoxides	34-36	contactin associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	181-185
8305740-6	1993	The effect of p190 on superoxide (O2-) formation was reversed by the addition of a constitutively GTP-bound Rac2 mutant or Rac1-GTP gamma S but not by RhoA-GTP gamma S. Addition of p190 to an activated oxidase produced no inhibitory effect, suggesting either that p190 no longer has access to Rac in the assembled oxidase or that Rac-GTP is not required for activity once O2- generation has been initiated.	Superoxides	34-36	contactin associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	181-185
8403496-5	1993	On the other hand, MoAbs against Fc gamma RI, Fc gamma RII and especially CR3 could also induce superoxide anion synthesis.	Superoxides	96-112	teratocarcinoma-derived growth factor 1 pseudogene 3	Homo sapiens	74-77
8403496-6	1993	At the same time, superoxide generation induced by anti-CR3 could be inhibited with C3-coated yeast.	Superoxides	18-28	teratocarcinoma-derived growth factor 1 pseudogene 3	Homo sapiens	56-59
8262554-1	1993	Involvement of protein kinase C. The peptides neuropeptide Y (NPY) and peptide YY (PYY) at concentrations from 10(-12) M to 10(-8) M have been shown in this study to stimulate significantly, in vitro, several functions of resting peritoneal macrophages from BALB/c mice: adherence to substrate, chemotaxis, ingestion of inert particles (latex beads) and foreign cells (Candida albicans), and production of superoxide anion measured by nitroblue tetrazolium reduction.	Superoxides	406-422	neuropeptide Y	Mus musculus	46-60
8262554-1	1993	Involvement of protein kinase C. The peptides neuropeptide Y (NPY) and peptide YY (PYY) at concentrations from 10(-12) M to 10(-8) M have been shown in this study to stimulate significantly, in vitro, several functions of resting peritoneal macrophages from BALB/c mice: adherence to substrate, chemotaxis, ingestion of inert particles (latex beads) and foreign cells (Candida albicans), and production of superoxide anion measured by nitroblue tetrazolium reduction.	Superoxides	406-422	neuropeptide Y	Mus musculus	62-65
8260539-3	1993	On the other hand, TNF or radiation treatment can stimulate the expression of a mitochondrial superoxide scavenging enzyme, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), which can lower the cytotoxic effects of both agents.	Superoxides	94-104	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	124-154
8260539-3	1993	On the other hand, TNF or radiation treatment can stimulate the expression of a mitochondrial superoxide scavenging enzyme, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), which can lower the cytotoxic effects of both agents.	Superoxides	94-104	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	156-161
8232185-1	1993	The localization of Cu/Zn and Mn superoxide dismutase (SOD), which catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide radicals (O2-) to O2 and H2O2, in various thyroid disorders was studied by an immunohistochemical technique in 20% formalin fixed paraffin embedded thin sections using anti-human Cu/Zn and Mn-SOD antibodies.	Superoxides	33-43	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	296-302
8232185-1	1993	The localization of Cu/Zn and Mn superoxide dismutase (SOD), which catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide radicals (O2-) to O2 and H2O2, in various thyroid disorders was studied by an immunohistochemical technique in 20% formalin fixed paraffin embedded thin sections using anti-human Cu/Zn and Mn-SOD antibodies.	Superoxides	117-119	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	30-53
8232185-1	1993	The localization of Cu/Zn and Mn superoxide dismutase (SOD), which catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide radicals (O2-) to O2 and H2O2, in various thyroid disorders was studied by an immunohistochemical technique in 20% formalin fixed paraffin embedded thin sections using anti-human Cu/Zn and Mn-SOD antibodies.	Superoxides	125-127	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	30-53
8350650-1	1993	A mutant of rad-8, originally isolated on the basis of its hypersensitivity to ultraviolet radiation, is also hypersensitive to oxygen and methyl viologen, a superoxide-anion generator.	Superoxides	158-174	Reticulon-4-interacting protein 1, mitochondrial	Caenorhabditis elegans	12-17
8096463-4	1993	Our results show that the cytokines used in this study inhibit to a certain extent the proliferation of the tumor cells and drive the cells toward a differentiation phenotype that has several characteristics in common with mononuclear phagocytes, such as the expression of CD14, phagocytosis and release of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	307-324	CD14 molecule	Homo sapiens	273-277
8394973-0	1993	Thyrotropin-releasing hormone enhances the superoxide anion production of rabbit peritoneal macrophages stimulated with N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine and opsonized zymosan.	Superoxides	43-59	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Oryctolagus cuniculus	0-29
8394973-1	1993	Effects of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) on the superoxide anion (O2-) production, which is essential for effective microbicidal and cytotoxic activity in macrophages (M phi s), were investigated.	Superoxides	54-70	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Oryctolagus cuniculus	42-45
8394973-1	1993	Effects of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) on the superoxide anion (O2-) production, which is essential for effective microbicidal and cytotoxic activity in macrophages (M phi s), were investigated.	Superoxides	72-74	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Oryctolagus cuniculus	42-45
8394973-6	1993	These results indicate that TRH has the priming effect on FMLP- and OZ-induced O2- production of rabbit peritoneal M phi s, although the mechanism remains to be clarified.	Superoxides	79-81	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Oryctolagus cuniculus	28-31
8395629-3	1993	Biochemically, the lithospermate B also inhibits the reduction of cytochrome c by superoxide radical anion.	Superoxides	82-106	cytochrome c	Oryctolagus cuniculus	66-78
1336731-9	1992	The rate of superoxide anion production was measured spectrophotometrically by superoxide dismutase-inhibitable cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	12-28	cytochrome c	Felis catus	112-124
1431262-7	1992	These results and previous experiments using superoxide dismutase suggest that the increase of rCBF, ICP, and brain water content is mainly caused by superoxide or superoxide reaction products.	Superoxides	45-55	CCAAT/enhancer binding protein zeta	Rattus norvegicus	95-99
1431262-7	1992	These results and previous experiments using superoxide dismutase suggest that the increase of rCBF, ICP, and brain water content is mainly caused by superoxide or superoxide reaction products.	Superoxides	150-160	CCAAT/enhancer binding protein zeta	Rattus norvegicus	95-99
1607008-5	1992	These results suggested that superoxide radicals in the ovary might play a critical role in the mechanism for hCG-induced ovulation.	Superoxides	29-39	chorionic gonadotropin subunit beta 5	Homo sapiens	110-113
1316877-2	1992	Macrophages obtained from rats with intact pituitaries (pituitary-intact rats) or HX rats that were treated in vivo with either GH or the closely related hormone prolactin released elevated (P less than 0.05) levels of superoxide anion (O2-) after in vitro opsonized-zymosan stimulation compared with those from placebo-treated animals.	Superoxides	219-235	gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor	Rattus norvegicus	128-130
1316877-2	1992	Macrophages obtained from rats with intact pituitaries (pituitary-intact rats) or HX rats that were treated in vivo with either GH or the closely related hormone prolactin released elevated (P less than 0.05) levels of superoxide anion (O2-) after in vitro opsonized-zymosan stimulation compared with those from placebo-treated animals.	Superoxides	237-239	gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor	Rattus norvegicus	128-130
1316877-4	1992	In time course in vivo macrophage activation studies, both IFN-gamma and GH significantly increased O2- secretion within 24 h, with maximal secretion occurring at day 3.	Superoxides	100-102	gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor	Rattus norvegicus	73-75
1316877-6	1992	The mechanism of action of GH in vivo is likely to be a direct one because resident peritoneal macrophages from rats could be primed in vitro for enhanced secretion of O2- following triggering of these cells with opsonized zymosan.	Superoxides	168-170	gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor	Rattus norvegicus	27-29
1316893-1	1992	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase system in phagocytes consists of at least membrane-associated cytochrome b558 and three cytosolic components named SOCI/NCF-3/sigma 1/C1, SOCII/NCF-1/p47-phox, and SO-CIII/NCF-2/p67-phox.	Superoxides	4-14	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	212-217
1316893-1	1992	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase system in phagocytes consists of at least membrane-associated cytochrome b558 and three cytosolic components named SOCI/NCF-3/sigma 1/C1, SOCII/NCF-1/p47-phox, and SO-CIII/NCF-2/p67-phox.	Superoxides	4-14	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	218-226
1314540-0	1992	Superoxide generated by glutathione reductase initiates a vanadate-dependent free radical chain oxidation of NADH.	Superoxides	0-10	glutathione-disulfide reductase	Homo sapiens	24-45
1314540-7	1992	We conclude that GSSG reductase, and by extension other O2(-)-producing flavoprotein dehydrogenases such as lipoyl dehydrogenase and ferredoxin reductase, catalyze V(V)-stimulated oxidation of NAD(P)H because they release O2- and because O2- plus V(V) initiate a free radical chain oxidation of NAD(P)H.	Superoxides	56-58	ferredoxin reductase	Homo sapiens	133-153
1314540-7	1992	We conclude that GSSG reductase, and by extension other O2(-)-producing flavoprotein dehydrogenases such as lipoyl dehydrogenase and ferredoxin reductase, catalyze V(V)-stimulated oxidation of NAD(P)H because they release O2- and because O2- plus V(V) initiate a free radical chain oxidation of NAD(P)H.	Superoxides	222-224	ferredoxin reductase	Homo sapiens	133-153
1314540-7	1992	We conclude that GSSG reductase, and by extension other O2(-)-producing flavoprotein dehydrogenases such as lipoyl dehydrogenase and ferredoxin reductase, catalyze V(V)-stimulated oxidation of NAD(P)H because they release O2- and because O2- plus V(V) initiate a free radical chain oxidation of NAD(P)H.	Superoxides	222-224	ferredoxin reductase	Homo sapiens	133-153
1582797-1	1992	Human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) contains two genetically distinct forms of superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes that scavenge harmful superoxide anions.	Superoxides	139-156	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	104-107
1314387-2	1992	Increases in XD and XO activity in EC induced by hypoxia were associated upon reoxygenation with increased (P less than 0.05) extracellular superoxide anion (O2-.)	Superoxides	140-156	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	13-15
1892642-8	1991	Gap formation was prevented by alpha 1-antitrypsin, N-methoxysuccinyl-Ala-Ala-Pro-Val-chloromethylketone, or 10% serum, was mimicked by PMN elastase (24 micrograms/ml), but not by hydrogen peroxide in concentrations up to 10 mM, or superoxide generated by xanthine/xanthine oxidase, and was reversible within 24 h of removal of elastase and exposure to fresh medium.	Superoxides	232-242	alpha-1-antitrypsin	Mustela putorius furo	31-50
1649310-2	1991	Conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) to xanthine oxidase (XO) contributes to the formation of superoxide, an oxygen radical.	Superoxides	100-110	xanthine dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	14-36
1649310-2	1991	Conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) to xanthine oxidase (XO) contributes to the formation of superoxide, an oxygen radical.	Superoxides	100-110	xanthine dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	38-41
1649410-6	1991	Bt2cGMP (0.1 and 1 mmol/l) enhanced O2- formation induced by 0.1 mumol/1 C5a by 23% and 49%, respectively, and Bt2cGMP antagonized inhibition of O2- formation caused by Bt2cAMP.	Superoxides	36-38	small ubiquitin like modifier 1	Homo sapiens	0-18
2001413-1	1991	Conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) to xanthine oxidase (XO) and the toxic reactions of subsequent XO-derived superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical, have been suggested to be critical factors in several mechanisms of tissue pathophysiology.	Superoxides	117-127	xanthine dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	14-36
2001413-1	1991	Conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) to xanthine oxidase (XO) and the toxic reactions of subsequent XO-derived superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical, have been suggested to be critical factors in several mechanisms of tissue pathophysiology.	Superoxides	117-127	xanthine dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	38-41
1988135-1	1991	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a member of a family of metalloenzymes that catalyze the dismutation of the superoxide anion to H2O2.	Superoxides	118-134	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
1988135-1	1991	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a member of a family of metalloenzymes that catalyze the dismutation of the superoxide anion to H2O2.	Superoxides	118-134	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
1847199-2	1991	The established method of cytochrome C reduction by superoxide was modified to measure superoxide production in vascular rings from rabbit aortae.	Superoxides	52-62	cytochrome c	Oryctolagus cuniculus	26-38
1847199-2	1991	The established method of cytochrome C reduction by superoxide was modified to measure superoxide production in vascular rings from rabbit aortae.	Superoxides	87-97	cytochrome c	Oryctolagus cuniculus	26-38
1899285-2	1991	In eucaryotes, the cytoplasmic form of the enzyme is a 32-kDa dimer containing two copper and two zinc atoms (CuZn SOD) that catalyzes the dismutation of the superoxide anion (O2-) to H2O2 and O2.	Superoxides	158-174	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	110-118
1906238-1	1991	The effect of aurothiomalate in modulating the conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to its superoxide producing oxidase form in rat and human liver cytosolic preparations has been investigated.	Superoxides	91-101	xanthine dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	61-83
2173718-4	1990	Because cytochrome P-450 enzymes are an important pulmonary source of superoxide anion (O2-.)	Superoxides	70-86	cytochrome P-450	Oryctolagus cuniculus	8-24
2173718-4	1990	Because cytochrome P-450 enzymes are an important pulmonary source of superoxide anion (O2-.)	Superoxides	88-90	cytochrome P-450	Oryctolagus cuniculus	8-24
2170521-7	1990	MBP also stimulated release of superoxide anion (O2-) and lysozyme but not beta-glucuronidase or lactate dehydrogenase.	Superoxides	31-47	myelin basic protein	Homo sapiens	0-3
2170521-7	1990	MBP also stimulated release of superoxide anion (O2-) and lysozyme but not beta-glucuronidase or lactate dehydrogenase.	Superoxides	49-51	myelin basic protein	Homo sapiens	0-3
2170521-8	1990	Additionally, 1.5 microM MBP in combination with FMLP or platelet-activating factor stimulated a synergistic increase in O2- release from cytochalasin B-treated neutrophils.	Superoxides	121-123	myelin basic protein	Homo sapiens	25-28
2170521-9	1990	The degree of synergism with FMLP or platelet-activating factor was inversely related (p less than 0.005) to the level of MBP-induced O2- release.	Superoxides	134-136	myelin basic protein	Homo sapiens	122-125
2155276-2	1990	We used the chemotactic peptide fMLP and the phorbol ester PMA as soluble stimuli, and beta-glucan particles as a CR3-specific solid phase stimulus of neutrophil superoxide production.	Superoxides	162-172	teratocarcinoma-derived growth factor 1 pseudogene 3	Homo sapiens	114-117
33761612-4	2021	Previously, we have observed that the plasma concentration/activity of superoxide dismutase isozymes differs in the context of obesity and/or rs2234694 (SOD1) and rs4880 (SOD2) and that the concentrations of SOD1, SOD2, SOD3 are correlated with each other.	Superoxides	71-81	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	171-175
33761612-4	2021	Previously, we have observed that the plasma concentration/activity of superoxide dismutase isozymes differs in the context of obesity and/or rs2234694 (SOD1) and rs4880 (SOD2) and that the concentrations of SOD1, SOD2, SOD3 are correlated with each other.	Superoxides	71-81	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	214-218
33761612-6	2021	In this study, the variability of concentration/activity of superoxide dismutase isozymes in plasma is considered in the context of type 2 diabetes and/or SNPs: rs2234694 (SOD1), rs5746105 (SOD2), rs4880 (SOD2), rs927450 (SOD2), rs8192287 (SOD3).	Superoxides	60-70	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	190-194
33761612-6	2021	In this study, the variability of concentration/activity of superoxide dismutase isozymes in plasma is considered in the context of type 2 diabetes and/or SNPs: rs2234694 (SOD1), rs5746105 (SOD2), rs4880 (SOD2), rs927450 (SOD2), rs8192287 (SOD3).	Superoxides	60-70	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	205-209
33761612-6	2021	In this study, the variability of concentration/activity of superoxide dismutase isozymes in plasma is considered in the context of type 2 diabetes and/or SNPs: rs2234694 (SOD1), rs5746105 (SOD2), rs4880 (SOD2), rs927450 (SOD2), rs8192287 (SOD3).	Superoxides	60-70	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	205-209
33803113-6	2021	HP exposure or visfatin stimulus significantly induced apoptosis, superoxide anion production, and MMP-3, -13, antioxidant enzymes, and miRNA gene expression, while reducing Col2a1 and BCL2 mRNA.	Superoxides	66-82	nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase	Homo sapiens	15-23
33233182-4	2020	Moreover, the relative expression of critical genes including superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase involved in the metabolism of reactive oxygen species (ROS) increased, resulting in enhanced antioxidant capacity in wounded broccoli.	Superoxides	62-72	glutathione-disulfide reductase	Homo sapiens	133-154
32797709-7	2020	MiR-134-5p downregulation could inhibit H/R-mediated release of lactic dehydrogenase enzyme (LDH) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and promote superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) levels.	Superoxides	137-147	microRNA 134	Homo sapiens	0-7
34294886-7	2022	Moreover, we revealed that co-administration of CEP and epirubicin markedly increased the generation of mitochondrial superoxide, resulting in oxidation of the actin-remodeling protein cofilin, which promoted formation of an intramolecular disulfide bridge between Cys39 and Cys80 as well as Ser3 dephosphorylation, leading to mitochondria translocation of cofilin, thus causing mitochondrial fission and apoptosis.	Superoxides	118-128	cofilin 1	Homo sapiens	185-192
34294886-7	2022	Moreover, we revealed that co-administration of CEP and epirubicin markedly increased the generation of mitochondrial superoxide, resulting in oxidation of the actin-remodeling protein cofilin, which promoted formation of an intramolecular disulfide bridge between Cys39 and Cys80 as well as Ser3 dephosphorylation, leading to mitochondria translocation of cofilin, thus causing mitochondrial fission and apoptosis.	Superoxides	118-128	cofilin 1	Homo sapiens	357-364
34859534-10	2022	G-Rg1 attenuated LPS-induced superoxide production in the mitochondria of cardiomyocytes and the excessive release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytoplasm.	Superoxides	29-39	protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 3A	Mus musculus	2-5
34838735-9	2022	KEY RESULTS: SARS-CoV-2 infected HUVECs, which express ACE2 and TMPRSS2 proteins, and promoted mitochondrial dysfunction, i.e. it increased mitochondria-derived superoxide anion, mitochondrial membrane potential, and mtDNA release, leading to activation of TLR9 and NF-kB, and release of cytokines.	Superoxides	161-177	angiotensin converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens	55-59
34829655-9	2021	These results imply an important link between neurotoxicity and superoxides wherein abnormal increases in NTS endogenous mu-opioids promote the interaction between Ang II and muOR, the binding of Ang II to AT1R, and the activation of microglia.	Superoxides	64-75	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Rattus norvegicus	206-210
24066190-9	2013	Mitochondria are the main source of superoxide radicals, which are converted to H2O2 through two superoxide dismutases, Sod1 and Sod2.	Superoxides	36-46	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	120-124
23091050-4	2012	LV superoxide (O(2)( -)) production was increased in nNOS(-/-) mice and reduced by L-N(omega)-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME), indicating uncoupling of eNOS activity.	Superoxides	3-13	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	53-57
23091050-4	2012	LV superoxide (O(2)( -)) production was increased in nNOS(-/-) mice and reduced by L-N(omega)-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME), indicating uncoupling of eNOS activity.	Superoxides	15-20	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	53-57
23091050-6	2012	Although inhibitors of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) or NOX2 NADPH oxidase caused a similar reduction in myocardial O(2)( -), only XOR inhibition reduced eNOS S-glutathionylation and Ser-1177 phosphorylation and restored both eNOS coupled activity and the negative inotropic and [Ca(2+)](i) transient response to beta(3)-AR stimulation in nNOS(-/-) mice.	Superoxides	116-120	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	56-60
23091050-7	2012	In summary, our data show that increased O(2)( -) production by XOR selectively uncouples eNOS activity and abolishes the negative inotropic effect of beta(3)-AR stimulation in nNOS(-/-) myocytes.	Superoxides	41-45	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	177-181
22982566-9	2012	This report shows for the first time that hypoxia increases PRIMA-1 toxicity in human breast cancer cells, partly by modulating p53 conformation and by inducing superoxide turnover.	Superoxides	161-171	proline rich membrane anchor 1	Homo sapiens	60-67
23187810-3	2012	The recruitment of p67phox to the cell membrane causes the activation of the NADPH oxidase complex followed by the generation of NADP+ and superoxide from molecular oxygen.	Superoxides	139-149	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	19-26
23235461-4	2012	AUL12 inhibits the respiratory complex I and causes a rapid burst of mitochondrial superoxide levels, leading to activation of the mitochondrial fraction of GSK-3alpha/beta and to the ensuing phosphorylation of the mitochondrial chaperone cyclophilin D, which in turn facilitates PTP opening.	Superoxides	83-93	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	157-167
22875785-0	2012	Angiotensin II stimulates superoxide production in the thick ascending limb by activating NOX4.	Superoxides	26-36	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	90-94
22875785-14	2012	We concluded that NOX4 is the main catalytic isoform of NADPH oxidase that contributes to ANG II-stimulated O(2)(-) production by TALs.	Superoxides	108-115	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	18-22
22875785-14	2012	We concluded that NOX4 is the main catalytic isoform of NADPH oxidase that contributes to ANG II-stimulated O(2)(-) production by TALs.	Superoxides	108-115	angiogenin, ribonuclease, RNase A family, 5	Mus musculus	90-93
22688013-2	2012	The superoxide dismutase manganese dependent (SOD2) catalyzes O(2)(-) in H(2)O(2) into mitochondria and is encoded by a single gene that presents a common polymorphism that results in the replacement of alanine (A) with a valine (V) in the 16 codon.	Superoxides	62-66	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	46-50
22822009-1	2012	Flavocytochrome b(558), the catalytic core of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase (NOX2), mediates electron transfer from NADPH to molecular oxygen to generate superoxide, the precursor of highly ROS for host defense.	Superoxides	152-162	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	75-79
22695329-2	2012	Stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) suppresses superoxide generation in many systems through the induction of mitochondrial uncoupling proteins and blocks the cytokine-induced rise in endothelial permeability.	Superoxides	34-44	stanniocalcin 1	Mus musculus	0-15
22695329-2	2012	Stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) suppresses superoxide generation in many systems through the induction of mitochondrial uncoupling proteins and blocks the cytokine-induced rise in endothelial permeability.	Superoxides	34-44	stanniocalcin 1	Mus musculus	17-21
22925659-5	2012	Nox2- and Nox4-specific siRNAs suppressed H2O2 and superoxide generation.	Superoxides	51-61	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	10-14
22836756-4	2012	We found that miR-21 inhibited the metabolism of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide, produced either by endogenous basal activities or exposure to ionizing radiation (IR), by directing attenuating SOD3 or by an indirect mechanism that limited TNFa production, thereby reducing SOD2 levels.	Superoxides	49-59	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	274-278
22973021-1	2012	Excitotoxic neuronal death is mediated in part by NMDA receptor-induced activation of NOX2, an enzyme that produces superoxide and resultant oxidative stress.	Superoxides	116-126	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	86-90
22973021-7	2012	These findings show that activation of NMDA receptors on one neuron can lead to oxidative stress and cell death in neighboring neurons and astrocytes by a process involving the extracellular release of superoxide by NOX2.	Superoxides	202-212	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	216-220
22509822-5	2012	KEY RESULTS: AMPK was activated by exposure to 3% or 0.2% O(2) for 60 min in cells grown in submerged culture or when fluid (0.1 mL cm(-2) ) was added to the apical surface of cells grown at the air-liquid interface.	Superoxides	58-62	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
22509822-6	2012	Only 0.2% O(2) activated AMPK in cells grown at the air-liquid interface.	Superoxides	10-14	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1	Homo sapiens	25-29
22612279-2	2012	In this work, four pyridine-containing aza-macrocyclic copper(II) complexes were prepared (CuL1-CuL4) varying in ring size and/or substituents and their superoxide scavenging activity evaluated.	Superoxides	153-163	cullin 1	Homo sapiens	91-95
22612279-3	2012	CuL3, the most active superoxide scavenger, was further studied as a modulator of the cytotoxicity of oxaliplatin in epithelial breast MCF10A cells and in MCF7 breast cancer cells.	Superoxides	22-32	cullin 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
22634165-13	2012	This negative effect was well-correlated with increased cAMP levels via PKA activity and the subsequent inhibition of ERK (p42/p44) phosphorylation to decrease superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	160-176	interferon induced protein 44	Homo sapiens	127-130
22488900-4	2012	Moreover we found that peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)), produced by the reaction of superoxide anion with nitric oxide, promoted the nitrotyrosination of presenilin 1 (PS1), the catalytic subunit of gamma-secretase.	Superoxides	76-92	presenilin 1	Homo sapiens	146-158
22488900-4	2012	Moreover we found that peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)), produced by the reaction of superoxide anion with nitric oxide, promoted the nitrotyrosination of presenilin 1 (PS1), the catalytic subunit of gamma-secretase.	Superoxides	76-92	presenilin 1	Homo sapiens	160-163
22580024-7	2012	As shown, the super-oxide generation began enhancing very early on day 10 after SAG treatment with CD2 during which SAG action was at minimum.	Superoxides	14-25	CD2 antigen	Mus musculus	99-102
22218650-4	2012	Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), at candidate modifier locus 6q25.3, detoxifies superoxide radicals protecting against oxidative stress and damage.	Superoxides	78-97	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-22
22218650-4	2012	Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), at candidate modifier locus 6q25.3, detoxifies superoxide radicals protecting against oxidative stress and damage.	Superoxides	78-97	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	24-28
22580330-3	2012	Specifically knockdown of G6PD protein expression in hippocampus CA1 subregion at early reperfusion period (1-24 h) with a strategy to pre-treated G6PD AS-ODNs significantly reduced G6PD activity and NADPH level, an effect correlated with attenuation of NADPH oxidase activation and superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	283-299	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	26-30
22580330-3	2012	Specifically knockdown of G6PD protein expression in hippocampus CA1 subregion at early reperfusion period (1-24 h) with a strategy to pre-treated G6PD AS-ODNs significantly reduced G6PD activity and NADPH level, an effect correlated with attenuation of NADPH oxidase activation and superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	283-299	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	147-151
22580330-3	2012	Specifically knockdown of G6PD protein expression in hippocampus CA1 subregion at early reperfusion period (1-24 h) with a strategy to pre-treated G6PD AS-ODNs significantly reduced G6PD activity and NADPH level, an effect correlated with attenuation of NADPH oxidase activation and superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	283-299	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	147-151
22802702-4	2012	Tat-mediated p66shc transduction showed increased hydrogen peroxide and superoxide production, compared with Tat-p66shc (S/A), serine 36 residue mutant of p66shc.	Superoxides	72-82	tyrosine aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	0-3
22547077-9	2012	One protein identified to be upregulated in the resistant cells was manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2), a mitochondrial protein that converts superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxides.	Superoxides	78-88	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	100-104
22175298-3	2012	Intriguingly, supplementation of irradiated cells with L-arginine results in decreased production of peroxynitrite, suggesting that suppression of superoxide generation by nitric oxide synthase in one or more microenvironments is an important factor in the observed radioprotection.	Superoxides	147-157	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	172-193
22431727-9	2012	The abundance of LHCBM1 and LHCBM2/7 is in both cases correlated with resistance to superoxide anion, whereas only LHCBM1 is also involved in singlet oxygen scavenging.	Superoxides	84-100	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	17-23
22130631-1	2012	BACKGROUND: Mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) converts superoxide anion into H(2)O(2), which is neutralized sequentially by either catalase (CAT) or glutathione peroxidase 1 (Gpx 1) into water or converted into highly reactive hypochlorous acid by myeloperoxidase (MPO).	Superoxides	74-90	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	26-56
22130631-1	2012	BACKGROUND: Mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) converts superoxide anion into H(2)O(2), which is neutralized sequentially by either catalase (CAT) or glutathione peroxidase 1 (Gpx 1) into water or converted into highly reactive hypochlorous acid by myeloperoxidase (MPO).	Superoxides	74-90	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	58-63
22337127-6	2012	A novel mechanistic model comprising endothelial Nox2-derived production of superoxide, activation of phospholipase C-gamma, inhibition of diacylglycerol (DAG) kinase, DAG-mediated activation of TRPC6 and ensuing LIRE is supported by pharmacological and molecular evidence.	Superoxides	76-86	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	49-53
23080136-4	2012	Loss of HIF-2 activity leads to decreased transcription of the Sod2 gene, encoding manganese superoxide dismutase, which converts superoxide to hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	93-103	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	63-67
22974008-7	2012	Treatment with OPN dose-dependently also inhibited microglial superoxide production.	Superoxides	62-72	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Sus scrofa	15-18
22572461-7	2012	Moreover, in isolated mouse aortas, GlcN caused eNOS uncoupling resulting in enhanced superoxide and decreased NO production, as well as impaired endothelium-dependent relaxations, which were also fully prevented by the p38mapk inhibitor.	Superoxides	86-96	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	220-227
21902786-12	2012	CONCLUSIONS: Lipoic acid treatment suppressed expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, angiopoietin 2 and erythropoietin via blockade of superoxide formation.	Superoxides	146-156	angiopoietin 2	Rattus norvegicus	96-110
22164328-7	2012	These results demonstrate that renal inhibition of HO exacerbates Ang II dependent hypertension through a mechanism which is associated with increases in superoxide production and decreases in antioxidant enzymes.	Superoxides	154-164	angiogenin, ribonuclease, RNase A family, 5	Mus musculus	66-69
22302046-6	2012	MitoSox(TM) Red assays showed that both lines of SOD2-expressing cells showed suppression of the superoxide generation in mitochondria.	Superoxides	97-107	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	49-53
22529530-2	2012	In inflamed tissues, superoxide is produced by the phagocytic NOX2 complex, which consists of the catalytic subunit NOX2 and several regulatory subunits (e.g., NCF1).	Superoxides	21-31	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	62-66
22529530-2	2012	In inflamed tissues, superoxide is produced by the phagocytic NOX2 complex, which consists of the catalytic subunit NOX2 and several regulatory subunits (e.g., NCF1).	Superoxides	21-31	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	116-120
22057568-6	2012	Superoxide dismutase (MnSOD, SOD2) from the mitochondrial matrix as well as superoxide dismutase (Cu/ZnSOD, SOD1) present in small amounts in the mitochondrial intramembrane space, convert superoxide anion to hydrogen peroxide, which can be then converted by catalase to harmless H(2)O.	Superoxides	189-205	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	22-27
22057568-6	2012	Superoxide dismutase (MnSOD, SOD2) from the mitochondrial matrix as well as superoxide dismutase (Cu/ZnSOD, SOD1) present in small amounts in the mitochondrial intramembrane space, convert superoxide anion to hydrogen peroxide, which can be then converted by catalase to harmless H(2)O.	Superoxides	189-205	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	29-33
22693564-0	2012	Human stanniocalcin-1 suppresses angiotensin II-induced superoxide generation in cardiomyocytes through UCP3-mediated anti-oxidant pathway.	Superoxides	56-66	stanniocalcin 1	Homo sapiens	6-21
22693564-3	2012	OBJECTIVE: We examined the hypothesis that STC1 uncouples mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation--to suppress superoxide generation and modulate neurohormonal effects on cardiomyocytes.	Superoxides	111-121	stanniocalcin 1	Homo sapiens	43-47
22693564-6	2012	Treatment of cardiomyocytes with STC1 decreases mitochondrial membrane potential and suppresses baseline and angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced superoxide generation.	Superoxides	141-151	stanniocalcin 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
22693564-7	2012	Furthermore, baseline superoxide generation is higher in freshly-isolated adult UCP3(-/-) mouse cardiomyocytes compared to WT, suggesting an important role for UCP3 in regulating cardiomyocyte ROS under physiologic conditions.	Superoxides	22-32	uncoupling protein 3 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	80-84
22693564-7	2012	Furthermore, baseline superoxide generation is higher in freshly-isolated adult UCP3(-/-) mouse cardiomyocytes compared to WT, suggesting an important role for UCP3 in regulating cardiomyocyte ROS under physiologic conditions.	Superoxides	22-32	uncoupling protein 3 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	160-164
22506056-8	2012	The antihypertrophic, superoxide-suppressing and cGMP-elevating effects of Angeli"s salt were mimicked by BNP.	Superoxides	22-32	natriuretic peptide B	Homo sapiens	106-109
22442695-7	2012	CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: We conclude that formation of peroxynitrite by a reaction between superoxide anion generated by NADPH oxidase in RVLM on activation by AT1R and NOS II-derived NO leads to a reduction in baroreflex-mediated sympathetic vasomotor tone during experimental TLSE; to be ameliorated by the upregulated BDNF/TrkB signaling via inhibition of p47(phox) phosphorylation.	Superoxides	92-108	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	161-165
34481879-1	2021	This study evaluated the potential of antitumor activity of snake venom from Vipera ammodytes and L-amino acid oxidase from Crotalus adamanteus on different colorectal cancer cell lines through determination of cytotoxic activity by MTT assay, pro-apoptotic activity by acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining, and concentrations of redox status parameters (superoxide, reduced glutathione, lipid peroxidation) by colorimetric methods.	Superoxides	360-370	interleukin 4 induced 1	Homo sapiens	98-118
34481042-0	2021	Protein S-glutathionylation decreases superoxide/hydrogen peroxide production xanthine oxidoreductase.	Superoxides	38-48	xanthine dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	78-101
34419618-5	2021	Activating TRPA1 with cinnamaldehyde prevented downregulation of eNOS, Nrf2, and UCP2, inhibited superoxide production and apoptosis, and preserved nitric oxide bioavailability in senescent HUVECs.	Superoxides	97-107	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	11-16
34646422-10	2021	Meanwhile, beta3-AR stimulation inhibited superoxide anion production and decreased NADPH oxidase activity.	Superoxides	42-58	ferredoxin reductase	Mus musculus	17-19
34454164-0	2021	NOX2-derived superoxide radical is crucial to control acute Trypanosoma cruzi infection.	Superoxides	13-31	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	0-4
34454164-6	2021	Macrophages derived from Nox2-deficient (gp91phox-/-) mice produced marginal amounts of superoxide radical and were more susceptible to parasite infection than those derived from wild type (wt) animals.	Superoxides	88-98	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	25-29
34454164-6	2021	Macrophages derived from Nox2-deficient (gp91phox-/-) mice produced marginal amounts of superoxide radical and were more susceptible to parasite infection than those derived from wild type (wt) animals.	Superoxides	88-98	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	41-49
34454164-8	2021	Biochemical or genetic reconstitution of intraphagosomal superoxide radical formation in gp91phox-/- macrophages reverted the lack of control of infection.	Superoxides	57-67	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	89-97
34454164-12	2021	Thus, this work supports that Nox2-derived superoxide radical plays a crucial role to control T. cruzi infection in the early phase of a murine model of Chagas disease.	Superoxides	43-61	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	30-34
34411426-4	2021	This heterostructure with a strong built-in potential (EBI ) of 1.78 V provides enlarged electrochemical active surface area, enhanced active site, facilitated electron separation and transfer, and accelerated formation of superoxide radical.	Superoxides	223-241	transducin beta like 1 X-linked	Homo sapiens	55-58
34660640-5	2021	We demonstrated that the overexpression of SMPDL3b in cultured podocytes (OE) reduced superoxide anion generation and NADPH oxidase activity compared to wild-type cells (WT) post-irradiation.	Superoxides	86-102	sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase acid like 3B	Homo sapiens	43-50
34572594-9	2021	A strong association of Fg with neuronal PrPC and ICAM-1, accompanied with overexpression of IL-6 and enhanced generation of ROS, mitochondrial superoxide, and nitrite as well as the resulting neuronal death, was found.	Superoxides	144-154	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Mus musculus	50-56
34572594-10	2021	These effects were reduced by blocking the function of neuronal PrPC and ICAM-1, suggesting that the direct interaction of Fg with its neuronal receptors can induce overexpression of IL-6 and increase the generation of ROS, nitrite, and mitochondrial superoxide, ultimately leading to neuronal death.	Superoxides	251-261	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Mus musculus	73-79
34267821-5	2021	AGEs significantly increased NADPH oxidase-driven superoxide generation, cytochrome b-245 beta chain (gp91phox) and receptor for AGE (RAGE) mRNA expression, proliferation, mRNA and protein expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 mRNA expression in MCF-7 cells, all of which were dose-dependently inhibited by PEDF.	Superoxides	50-60	serpin family F member 1	Homo sapiens	370-374
34267821-7	2021	Furthermore, as in AGE-treated cells, PEDF dose-dependently inhibited the NADPH oxidase-driven superoxide generation, gp91phox, RAGE and MMP-9 mRNA expression, proliferation, mRNA and protein expression levels of VEGF in non-treated control MCF-7 cells, and these effects were also reversed by LR-Ab.	Superoxides	95-105	serpin family F member 1	Homo sapiens	38-42
35576681-7	2022	TBN also significantly reduced ROS levels and superoxide accumulation in C. elegans.	Superoxides	46-56	TATA-box binding protein associated factor 8	Homo sapiens	0-3
35427698-7	2022	Downregulating of midkine inhibited the increases of oxidative stress markers 8-OHdG, superoxide anions and MDA in the heart of mice or in the Ang II-treated HL-1 cells.	Superoxides	86-103	midkine	Mus musculus	18-25
35594792-4	2022	Using ovarian cancer cells as a model, we demonstrate that an increase in mitochondrial superoxide dismutase SOD2 protein expression is a very early event initiated in response to detachment, an important step during metastasis that has been associated with increased oxidative stress.	Superoxides	88-98	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	109-113
22442695-7	2012	CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: We conclude that formation of peroxynitrite by a reaction between superoxide anion generated by NADPH oxidase in RVLM on activation by AT1R and NOS II-derived NO leads to a reduction in baroreflex-mediated sympathetic vasomotor tone during experimental TLSE; to be ameliorated by the upregulated BDNF/TrkB signaling via inhibition of p47(phox) phosphorylation.	Superoxides	92-108	neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	327-331
22276192-9	2012	Expression of mutant huntingtin in primary neurons induced superoxide/ROS, an effect that was significantly reduced by constitutively active PPARgamma.	Superoxides	59-69	huntingtin	Homo sapiens	21-31
22077216-1	2011	Human MnSOD is significantly more product-inhibited than bacterial MnSODs at high concentrations of superoxide (O(2)(-)).	Superoxides	100-110	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	6-11
22077216-1	2011	Human MnSOD is significantly more product-inhibited than bacterial MnSODs at high concentrations of superoxide (O(2)(-)).	Superoxides	112-116	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	6-11
22077216-10	2011	Our studies on yeast MnSODs indicate the unique nature of human MnSOD in that it predominantly undergoes the inhibited pathway at high [O(2)(-)].	Superoxides	136-140	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	21-26
21964033-0	2011	Impact of PGC-1alpha on the topology and rate of superoxide production by the mitochondrial electron transport chain.	Superoxides	49-59	peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1 alpha	Mus musculus	10-20
21964033-4	2011	However, the impact of PGC-1alpha on the topology and rate of superoxide production by the mitochondrial electron transport chain is not known.	Superoxides	62-72	peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1 alpha	Mus musculus	23-33
22174146-5	2011	All interventions except AT1 receptor blockade blunted the increase in superoxide anion promoted by an equipotent dose of endothelin-1 (1 nmol l(-1)) confirming that endothelin receptors activation is downstream of AT1.	Superoxides	71-87	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Rattus norvegicus	25-28
21841011-1	2011	Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) metabolizes L-tryptophan to L-kynurenine, promotes immunosuppression, and has been described as a consumer of superoxide.	Superoxides	144-154	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-27
21841011-1	2011	Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) metabolizes L-tryptophan to L-kynurenine, promotes immunosuppression, and has been described as a consumer of superoxide.	Superoxides	144-154	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	29-32
22028221-2	2011	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX2) is a major enzyme system that generates superoxide in immune cells.	Superoxides	99-109	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	53-57
21939459-6	2011	Our results indicate that OGD led to a transient increase in p38 MAPK activation that preceded increases in superoxide generation and neuronal death.	Superoxides	108-118	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	61-64
21551343-3	2011	The NAD phosphate oxidase (NOX) family members NOX2 and NOX5 are the 2 enzymes implicated in superoxide production in spermatozoa.	Superoxides	93-103	NADPH oxidase 5	Capra hircus	56-60
21791598-4	2011	In a semirecombinant cell-free system, PDI inhibitors scrRNase (100 mug/mL) or bacitracin (1 mM) near totally suppressed superoxide generation.	Superoxides	121-131	prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit beta	Homo sapiens	39-42
21791598-7	2011	Moreover, a mimetic CxxC PDI inhibited superoxide production by ~70%.	Superoxides	39-49	prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit beta	Homo sapiens	25-28
21729002-10	2011	Exercise, through laminar shear stress activation, down-regulates endothelial AT1R (angiotensin II type 1 receptor) expression, leading to decreases in NADPH oxidase activity and superoxide anion production, which in turn decreases ROS (reactive oxygen species) generation, and preserves endothelial NO bioavailability and its protective anti-atherogenic effects.	Superoxides	179-195	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	78-82
21729002-10	2011	Exercise, through laminar shear stress activation, down-regulates endothelial AT1R (angiotensin II type 1 receptor) expression, leading to decreases in NADPH oxidase activity and superoxide anion production, which in turn decreases ROS (reactive oxygen species) generation, and preserves endothelial NO bioavailability and its protective anti-atherogenic effects.	Superoxides	179-195	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	84-114
21487074-9	2011	In cell culture, exposure of lung fibroblasts to Ang II increased CTGF expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner, which could be abolished by inhibition of superoxide, NO, and peroxynitrite accumulation.	Superoxides	162-172	cellular communication network factor 2	Mus musculus	66-70
21376054-7	2011	Further, Ang-II also activated CREB via superoxide-mediated p38 MAPK and ERK activation.	Superoxides	40-50	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	60-63
20518848-8	2011	Furthermore, inhibition of PI3K and Rac1 activity decreased LPS-induced superoxide generation which was associated with a significant reduction in ERK1/2 phosphorylation.	Superoxides	72-82	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	36-40
20518848-8	2011	Furthermore, inhibition of PI3K and Rac1 activity decreased LPS-induced superoxide generation which was associated with a significant reduction in ERK1/2 phosphorylation.	Superoxides	72-82	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	147-153
21496279-3	2011	NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) is the predominant source of superoxide in the endothelial cells whereas superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) are the antioxidant enzymes responsible for inactivating reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	52-62	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	0-15
21496279-3	2011	NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) is the predominant source of superoxide in the endothelial cells whereas superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) are the antioxidant enzymes responsible for inactivating reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	52-62	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	17-21
20708598-0	2011	Characterization of superoxide overproduction by the D-Loop(Nox4)-Nox2 cytochrome b(558) in phagocytes-Differential sensitivity to calcium and phosphorylation events.	Superoxides	20-30	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	60-64
20708598-4	2011	Moreover, replacement of this loop by the Nox4-D-loop (D-loop(Nox4)-Nox2) in PLB-985 cells induced superoxide overproduction.	Superoxides	99-109	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	42-46
20708598-4	2011	Moreover, replacement of this loop by the Nox4-D-loop (D-loop(Nox4)-Nox2) in PLB-985 cells induced superoxide overproduction.	Superoxides	99-109	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	62-66
20708598-10	2011	The superoxide overproduction of the D-loop(Nox4)-Nox2 mutant may come from a change of responsiveness to intracellular Ca(2+) level and to phosphorylation events during oxidase activation.	Superoxides	4-14	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	44-48
20876216-2	2011	Catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) conjugated with antibodies to platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM-1) bind specifically to endothelium and inhibit effects of corresponding ROS, H(2)O(2), and superoxide anion.	Superoxides	215-231	platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1	Mus musculus	70-115
20876216-2	2011	Catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) conjugated with antibodies to platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM-1) bind specifically to endothelium and inhibit effects of corresponding ROS, H(2)O(2), and superoxide anion.	Superoxides	215-231	platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1	Mus musculus	117-124
20876216-8	2011	These results directly implicate endosomal influx of superoxide in endothelial inflammatory response and suggest that site-specific interception of this signal attained by targeted delivery of anti-PECAM/SOD into endothelial endosomes may have anti-inflammatory effects.	Superoxides	53-63	platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1	Mus musculus	198-203
21850273-9	2011	Gene expression of NOX-4, but not NOX-2, two NADPH oxidase subunits crucial for superoxide generation, was induced by ~4-fold in both groups of mice by MCT.	Superoxides	80-90	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	19-24
20831906-1	2010	The production of cGMP by the soluble form of guanylate cyclase (sGC) in bovine pulmonary arteries (BPA) is controlled by cytosolic NADPH maintaining reduced thiol and heme sites on sGC needed for activation by NO, and the levels of Nox oxidase-derived superoxide and peroxide that influence pathways regulating sGC activity.	Superoxides	253-263	guanylate cyclase	Bos taurus	46-63
21172066-4	2010	Moreover NGAL levels increase in correlation with the age, and showed a significantly correlation between the increase with the severity of disease.DS is characterized by an enhancement of gene production such as GART, SOD-1 and CBS that encode specific protein and enzyme involved in hydrogen peroxide and superoxide production, species highly cytotoxic implicated in inflammation and ageing.NGAL may have the potential application to ameliorate the toxicity induced by oxidative stress conditions such as Alzheimer"s disease, thalassemia, cardiovascular disease, burn injury, transplantation, diabetes, and aging.	Superoxides	307-317	phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase, phosphoribosylglycinamide synthetase, phosphoribosylaminoimidazole synthetase	Homo sapiens	213-217
21080654-6	2010	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), which plays a critical role in cellular defense against oxidative stress by decomposing superoxide within mitochondria, is nitrated and inactivated under pathological conditions.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
21151885-6	2010	Here we have adapted a technique of flow cytometry to directly measure ROS levels in isolated mitochondria to show that the generation of superoxide is elevated in the nuo-6 and isp-1 mitochondrial mutants, although overall ROS levels are not, and oxidative stress is low.	Superoxides	138-148	Cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit Rieske, mitochondrial	Caenorhabditis elegans	178-183
20807791-3	2010	In cultured adventitial fibroblasts, TGF-beta1 induced increases in superoxide and collagen I protein (P &lt; 0.05), which were inhibited by Tempol, a superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	68-78	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	37-46
20679349-6	2010	Alanine substitution for Tyr-198, Leu-199, or Val-204 abrogates the ability of p67(phox) to support superoxide production by gp91(phox)-based oxidase as well as its related oxidases Nox1 and Nox3; the activation also involves other invariant residues such as Leu-193, Asp-197, and Gly-200.	Superoxides	100-110	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	182-186
20668101-2	2010	However, the role of oxidative stress, especially superoxide radicals in renal sodium handling in response to AT1 and AT2 receptors, is not known.	Superoxides	50-69	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Rattus norvegicus	110-113
20668101-2	2010	However, the role of oxidative stress, especially superoxide radicals in renal sodium handling in response to AT1 and AT2 receptors, is not known.	Superoxides	50-69	angiotensin II receptor, type 2	Rattus norvegicus	118-121
20493824-0	2010	Tiam1/Rac1 signaling pathway mediates palmitate-induced, ceramide-sensitive generation of superoxides and lipid peroxides and the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in pancreatic beta-cells.	Superoxides	90-101	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	6-10
20493824-2	2010	Herein, using normal rat islets and clonal INS 832/13 cells, we tested the hypothesis that activation of the small G-protein Rac1, which is a member of the NOX holoenzyme, is necessary for palmitate [PA]-induced generation of superoxides in pancreatic beta-cells.	Superoxides	226-237	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	125-129
20493824-5	2010	NSC23766, a selective inhibitor of Rac1, but not Cdc42 or Rho activation, inhibited Rac1 activation and the generation of superoxides and lipid peroxides induced by PA.	Superoxides	122-133	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	35-39
20493824-9	2010	Together, our findings suggest that Tiam1/Rac1 signaling pathway regulates PA-induced, CER-dependent superoxide generation and mitochondrial dysfunction in pancreatic beta-cells.	Superoxides	101-111	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	42-46
20466728-3	2010	By comparing brown adipose tissue mitochondria of wild type mice and UCP1-ablated litter mates, we show that UCP1 potently reduces mitochondrial superoxide production after cold acclimation and during fatty acid oxidation.	Superoxides	145-155	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	69-73
20466728-3	2010	By comparing brown adipose tissue mitochondria of wild type mice and UCP1-ablated litter mates, we show that UCP1 potently reduces mitochondrial superoxide production after cold acclimation and during fatty acid oxidation.	Superoxides	145-155	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	109-113
20466728-5	2010	Furthermore, ablation of UCP1 represses the cold-stimulated increase of substrate oxidation normally seen in active BAT, resulting in lower superoxide production, presumably avoiding deleterious oxidative damage.	Superoxides	140-150	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	25-29
20466728-6	2010	We conclude that UCP1 allows high oxidative capacity without promoting oxidative damage by simultaneously lowering superoxide production.	Superoxides	115-125	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	17-21
20106845-5	2010	We have now studied the subcellular origin of superoxide formation in endothelial cells treated with CsA and the biochemical consequences for the function of mitochondrial enzymes.	Superoxides	46-56	excision repaiross-complementing rodent repair deficiency, complementation group 8	Mus musculus	101-104
20106845-12	2010	CONCLUSION: We propose that CsA induced endothelial damage may be related to increased mitochondrial superoxide formation and subsequent peroxynitrite-dependent nitroxidative damage, specifically targeting MnSOD.	Superoxides	101-111	excision repaiross-complementing rodent repair deficiency, complementation group 8	Mus musculus	28-31
20145655-0	2010	Mechanisms contributing to cerebral infarct size after stroke: gender, reperfusion, T lymphocytes, and Nox2-derived superoxide.	Superoxides	116-126	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	103-107
20145655-6	2010	Stroke resulted in an approximately 15-fold increase in Nox2-dependent superoxide production by circulating, but not spleen-derived, T lymphocytes in male mice, and this was approximately sevenfold greater than in female mice.	Superoxides	71-81	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	56-60
20353766-9	2010	These results suggest that AT1 receptor blockers are able to ameliorate TNF-alpha-dependent eNOS reduction or cell injury by inhibiting superoxide production or nuclear factor-kappaB activation.	Superoxides	136-146	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	27-30
20072135-5	2010	Herein, we show that angiopoietin-1 (ang1) prevented and blocked H(2)O(2)-induced increases in superoxides in human spontaneously immortalized keratinocyte line, HaCaT, and primary melanocytes (HeMn).	Superoxides	95-106	angiopoietin 1	Homo sapiens	21-35
20072135-5	2010	Herein, we show that angiopoietin-1 (ang1) prevented and blocked H(2)O(2)-induced increases in superoxides in human spontaneously immortalized keratinocyte line, HaCaT, and primary melanocytes (HeMn).	Superoxides	95-106	angiopoietin 1	Homo sapiens	37-41
20072135-9	2010	Integrin antibodies (alpha(v), beta(1)) disrupted skin cell adhesion to ang1 and ang1-induced decreases in superoxides.	Superoxides	107-118	UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase like 1	Homo sapiens	31-38
20072135-9	2010	Integrin antibodies (alpha(v), beta(1)) disrupted skin cell adhesion to ang1 and ang1-induced decreases in superoxides.	Superoxides	107-118	angiopoietin 1	Homo sapiens	81-85
19962451-8	2010	Further, we found that the increase in ADMA levels cause an early decrease in nitric oxide (NO(x)) and a significant increase in both NO synthase (NOS)-derived superoxide and total nitrated lung proteins.	Superoxides	160-170	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	134-145
20346917-1	2010	The membrane bound cytochrome b558 composed of large gp91-phox and small p22-phox subunits, and cytosolic proteins p40-, p47- and p67-phox are important components of superoxide (O(2)(-))-generating system in phagocytes and B lymphocytes.	Superoxides	167-177	interleukin 9	Homo sapiens	115-118
20346917-1	2010	The membrane bound cytochrome b558 composed of large gp91-phox and small p22-phox subunits, and cytosolic proteins p40-, p47- and p67-phox are important components of superoxide (O(2)(-))-generating system in phagocytes and B lymphocytes.	Superoxides	179-182	interleukin 9	Homo sapiens	115-118
20185797-6	2010	Tg-Nox4 gradually displayed decreased left ventricular (LV) function with enhanced O(2)(-) production in the heart, which was accompanied by increased apoptosis and fibrosis at 13 to 14 months of age.	Superoxides	83-90	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	3-7
20185797-10	2010	Nox4 is primarily localized in mitochondria and upregulation of Nox4 enhanced both rotenone- and diphenyleneiodonium-sensitive O(2)(-) production in mitochondria.	Superoxides	127-131	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	0-4
20185797-10	2010	Nox4 is primarily localized in mitochondria and upregulation of Nox4 enhanced both rotenone- and diphenyleneiodonium-sensitive O(2)(-) production in mitochondria.	Superoxides	127-131	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	64-68
20185797-12	2010	CONCLUSIONS: Upregulation of Nox4 by hypertrophic stimuli and aging induces oxidative stress, apoptosis and LV dysfunction, in part because of mitochondrial insufficiency caused by increased O(2)(-) production and consequent cysteine oxidation in mitochondrial proteins.	Superoxides	191-195	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	29-33
20170644-6	2010	Moreover, it was demonstrated that the time-dependent downregulation of occludin expression in the brain endothelial was significantly correlated with the time-dependent increase of brain superoxide radical level, implying a relationship between these two abnormalities.	Superoxides	188-206	occludin	Rattus norvegicus	72-80
20230789-6	2010	Expression of S282A mutant of NoxA1 in these cells led to increased superoxide anion production in response to EGF compared to expression of the wild type, whereas the expression of S282E, a phosphomimetic mutant, resulted in significantly decreased superoxide anion generation.	Superoxides	68-84	NADPH oxidase activator 1	Mus musculus	30-35
20230789-6	2010	Expression of S282A mutant of NoxA1 in these cells led to increased superoxide anion production in response to EGF compared to expression of the wild type, whereas the expression of S282E, a phosphomimetic mutant, resulted in significantly decreased superoxide anion generation.	Superoxides	250-266	NADPH oxidase activator 1	Mus musculus	30-35
20061439-9	2010	Superoxide is rapidly dismutated to hydrogen peroxide, which then mediates activation of PI3-kinase/Akt, phosphorylation of eNOS, and enhanced release of NO from eNOS in response to 20-HETE in BPAECs.	Superoxides	0-10	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Bos taurus	100-103
20089930-1	2010	Reactive oxygen species (ROS), particularly superoxide (O(2)(.-)), have been identified as key signaling intermediates in ANG II-induced neuronal activation and sympathoexcitation associated with cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension and heart failure.	Superoxides	44-54	angiogenin	Homo sapiens	122-125
20089930-1	2010	Reactive oxygen species (ROS), particularly superoxide (O(2)(.-)), have been identified as key signaling intermediates in ANG II-induced neuronal activation and sympathoexcitation associated with cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension and heart failure.	Superoxides	56-60	angiogenin	Homo sapiens	122-125
20089930-2	2010	Studies of the central nervous system have identified NADPH oxidase as a primary source of O(2)(.-) in ANG II-stimulated neurons; however, additional sources of O(2)(.-), including mitochondria, have been mostly overlooked.	Superoxides	91-95	angiogenin	Homo sapiens	103-106
20089930-3	2010	Here, we tested the hypothesis that ANG II increases mitochondria-produced O(2)(.-) in neurons and that increased scavenging of mitochondria-produced O(2)(.-) attenuates ANG II-dependent intraneuronal signaling.	Superoxides	75-79	angiogenin	Homo sapiens	36-39
20089930-3	2010	Here, we tested the hypothesis that ANG II increases mitochondria-produced O(2)(.-) in neurons and that increased scavenging of mitochondria-produced O(2)(.-) attenuates ANG II-dependent intraneuronal signaling.	Superoxides	150-154	angiogenin	Homo sapiens	170-173
20089930-5	2010	This response was significantly attenuated in neurons overexpressing the mitochondria-targeted O(2)(.-)-scavenging enzyme Mn-SOD.	Superoxides	95-101	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	122-128
20089930-6	2010	To examine the biological significance of the ANG II-mediated increase in mitochondria-produced O(2)(.-), we used the whole cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique to record the well-characterized ANG II-induced inhibition of voltage-gated K(+) current (I(Kv)) in neurons.	Superoxides	96-100	angiogenin	Homo sapiens	46-49
20172962-7	2010	Enhanced PKC-beta activation by DHEAS resulted in increased phosphorylation of p47(phox), a crucial component of the active reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate complex responsible for neutrophil superoxide generation.	Superoxides	211-221	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	9-17
20172962-8	2010	Our results demonstrate that PKC-beta acts as an intracellular receptor for DHEAS in human neutrophils, a signaling mechanism entirely distinct from the role of DHEA as sex steroid precursor and with important implications for immunesenescence, which includes reduced neutrophil superoxide generation in response to pathogens.	Superoxides	279-289	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	29-37
20204285-4	2010	The antioxidant enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) catalyzes the dismutation of the superoxide anions into hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	94-111	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	23-53
20204285-4	2010	The antioxidant enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) catalyzes the dismutation of the superoxide anions into hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	94-111	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	55-59
20164675-4	2010	The specific effects of DDS in paraquat-treated HDFs are summarized as follows: a) reducing the expression of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) by inhibiting paraquat-induced activation of PKC; b) inhibiting paraquat-induced decreases in mitochondrial complex protein levels as well as in membrane potentials; c) consequently, inhibiting the generation of cytosolic and mitochondrial superoxide anions.	Superoxides	373-390	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	127-131
20007453-13	2010	Our study demonstrates that TNF triggers expression and activation of MMPs faster and stronger in cardiomyocytes than in cardiofibroblasts in a superoxide-dependent manner and via activation of PI3Kgamma, thereby contributing to adverse myocardial remodeling in disease.	Superoxides	144-154	matrix metallopeptidase 13	Mus musculus	70-74
19898975-6	2010	Visfatin treatment of differentiated C2C12 myotubes generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) comprising both superoxide and hydrogen peroxide that was dependent on de novo transcription and translation.	Superoxides	108-118	nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase	Homo sapiens	0-8
19656913-3	2010	In macrophages, STC1 decreases intracellular calcium and cell mobility; attenuates the response to chemoattractants; and diminishes superoxide generation through induction of uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2).	Superoxides	132-142	stanniocalcin 1	Homo sapiens	16-20
19656913-4	2010	In cytokine-treated endothelial cells, STC1 attenuates superoxide generation and the activation of inflammatory pathways [c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK) and NF-kappaB]; maintains the expression of tight junction proteins, preserving the endothelial monolayer seal; and decreases transendothelial migration of leukocytes.	Superoxides	55-65	stanniocalcin 1	Homo sapiens	39-43
19958747-0	2010	UCP1 ectopically expressed in murine muscle displays native function and mitigates mitochondrial superoxide production.	Superoxides	97-107	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	0-4
20026767-13	2010	Thus, in type 2 diabetic rats, superoxide and thromboxane A(2) reduced AT2R-induced dilation.	Superoxides	31-41	angiotensin II receptor, type 2	Rattus norvegicus	71-75
20065158-1	2010	In the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), angiotensin II-derived superoxide anions, which increase sympathetic nerve activity, induce a pressor response by activating the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway.	Superoxides	68-85	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	174-210
20065158-1	2010	In the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), angiotensin II-derived superoxide anions, which increase sympathetic nerve activity, induce a pressor response by activating the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway.	Superoxides	68-85	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	212-220
20035290-6	2009	These results indicated that the effects of sulfur amino acids on tyrosyl or serine/threonine phosphorylation and the translocation of p47phox, p67phox, and rac to the cell membrane in the stimulus-treated human neutrophils were in parallel with those of the stimulus-induced superoxide generation reported in previous paper.	Superoxides	276-286	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	144-160
19766117-3	2009	Previous studies have shown that overexpression of SelH in HT22 cells protected the cells from UVB irradiation-induced death by reducing superoxide formation.	Superoxides	137-147	selenoprotein H	Mus musculus	51-55
19805644-9	2009	However, because expression of the Na(+)/H(+) exchanger 3 was similar between SHR and WKY rats, this suggests that superoxide affects Na(+)/H(+) exchanger 3 activity.	Superoxides	115-125	solute carrier family 9 member A3	Rattus norvegicus	35-57
19805644-9	2009	However, because expression of the Na(+)/H(+) exchanger 3 was similar between SHR and WKY rats, this suggests that superoxide affects Na(+)/H(+) exchanger 3 activity.	Superoxides	115-125	solute carrier family 9 member A3	Rattus norvegicus	134-156
19660467-7	2009	Furthermore, FA improved redox status of Ang II treated cells by increasing H(4)B and NO() bioavailability while decreasing superoxide (O(2)(-)) production.	Superoxides	124-134	angiogenin, ribonuclease, RNase A family, 5	Mus musculus	41-44
19660467-7	2009	Furthermore, FA improved redox status of Ang II treated cells by increasing H(4)B and NO() bioavailability while decreasing superoxide (O(2)(-)) production.	Superoxides	136-140	angiogenin, ribonuclease, RNase A family, 5	Mus musculus	41-44
20054488-4	2009	Also the overexpression of Ref-1 significantly suppressed Pb-induced superoxide and hydrogen peroxide elevation in the endothelial cells.	Superoxides	69-79	apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1	Homo sapiens	27-32
19797171-10	2009	Increased superoxide production was associated with increased expression of NAD(P)H oxidase 1 and its molecular regulators, Noxo1 and Noxa1.	Superoxides	10-20	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	76-93
19797171-10	2009	Increased superoxide production was associated with increased expression of NAD(P)H oxidase 1 and its molecular regulators, Noxo1 and Noxa1.	Superoxides	10-20	NADPH oxidase activator 1	Mus musculus	134-139
19759334-5	2009	We then determined the effects of inhibition of BVR on ANG II-mediated superoxide production.	Superoxides	71-81	angiogenin, ribonuclease, RNase A family, 5	Mus musculus	55-58
19802465-0	2009	Purine nucleotides reduce superoxide production by nitric oxide synthase in a murine sepsis model.	Superoxides	26-36	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	51-72
35398286-4	2022	Here, we demonstrate that RIP2 exerts immune regulatory functions by regulating mitochondrial damage and mitochondrial superoxide production in response to SV40 LT-induced genotoxic stress by the induction of ULK1-phosphorylation, therefore regulating the expression of interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) and NLRP3-inflammasome dependent IL-1beta release.	Superoxides	119-129	unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1	Homo sapiens	209-213
35227703-8	2022	Antioxidant results showed that administration of ACP-fortified yogurt significantly decreased serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase enzyme activities and malondialdehyde levels, while increasing superoxide dismutase, catalase, phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase, and total antioxidant capacity in the liver and hippocampus of the mice.	Superoxides	220-230	vitamin A enhanced cleft palate	Mus musculus	50-53
35092565-3	2022	Intravenous administration of antisense against cPLA2alpha that significantly inhibited its expression in mouse peritoneal neutrophils and macrophages also inhibited superoxide production, in contrast to cPLA2alpha knockout mice that showed normal superoxide production.	Superoxides	166-176	phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent)	Mus musculus	48-58
35092565-3	2022	Intravenous administration of antisense against cPLA2alpha that significantly inhibited its expression in mouse peritoneal neutrophils and macrophages also inhibited superoxide production, in contrast to cPLA2alpha knockout mice that showed normal superoxide production.	Superoxides	248-258	phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent)	Mus musculus	48-58
35447940-8	2022	Moreover, the expression of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD1 and SOD2) in CA1-3 pyramidal cells were gradually and significantly reduced after ischemia.	Superoxides	52-62	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	83-87
35176694-7	2022	Furthermore, the increased activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzymes were accompanied by increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which suggests a redox imbalance induced by SARS-CoV-2 spike protein peptides.	Superoxides	39-49	surface glycoprotein	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2	271-276
35113004-9	2022	MCM3AP-AS1 silencing or miR-24-3p elevation improved cardiac function and myocardial pathological injury, suppressed malondialdehyde content, and also enhanced VEGF expression and superoxide dismutase activity in MI rats.	Superoxides	180-190	prostaglandin D2 receptor	Homo sapiens	7-10
35063804-5	2022	Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) treatment rescues NADPH levels in Nampt mKO macrophages and sustains superoxide generation via NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	103-113	2,4-dienoyl CoA reductase 1, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	129-134
35063507-8	2022	After separating the two CD177/mPR3 neutrophil subsets from individual donors by magnetic sorting, we found that PR3-ANCAs provoked significantly more superoxide production in CD177pos/mPR3high than in CD177neg/mPR3low neutrophils, and that anti-CD177 Fab clone 40 reduced the superoxide production of CD177pos cells to the level of the CD177neg cells.	Superoxides	151-161	proteinase 3	Homo sapiens	113-116
35063507-8	2022	After separating the two CD177/mPR3 neutrophil subsets from individual donors by magnetic sorting, we found that PR3-ANCAs provoked significantly more superoxide production in CD177pos/mPR3high than in CD177neg/mPR3low neutrophils, and that anti-CD177 Fab clone 40 reduced the superoxide production of CD177pos cells to the level of the CD177neg cells.	Superoxides	277-287	proteinase 3	Homo sapiens	113-116
35274104-2	2022	Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) is a mitochondrial-localized enzyme that catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	100-110	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-22
35274104-2	2022	Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) is a mitochondrial-localized enzyme that catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	100-110	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	24-28
2542378-7	1989	Lipocortin I, a glucocorticoid inducible and phospholipase A2 inhibitory protein, inhibited O2- generation initiated by A23187 but failed to modulate the respiratory burst activated by PMA.	Superoxides	92-94	annexin A1	Mus musculus	0-12
2539367-8	1989	Xanthine/O2 turnover with these enzymes (and native XDH) resulted in approximately 40-50% of the xanthine reducing equivalents appearing as superoxide.	Superoxides	140-150	xanthine dehydrogenase	Gallus gallus	52-55
2540969-8	1989	Purine and pyrimidine nucleotides did not induce degranulation in neutrophils but potentiated fMet-Leu-Phe-induced release of beta-glucuronidase with similar nucleotide specificities as for O2- formation.	Superoxides	190-192	glucuronidase beta	Homo sapiens	126-144
2466895-1	1989	Murine mAb to CD13, CD14, and class II MHC, are able to mobilize calcium in normal human monocytes and enhance superoxide production in primed cells.	Superoxides	111-121	alanyl aminopeptidase, membrane	Homo sapiens	14-18
2466895-1	1989	Murine mAb to CD13, CD14, and class II MHC, are able to mobilize calcium in normal human monocytes and enhance superoxide production in primed cells.	Superoxides	111-121	CD14 molecule	Homo sapiens	20-24
2539600-1	1989	The role of copper/zinc-containing superoxide dismutase (cSOD; superoxide:superoxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.15.1.1) in metabolic defense against O2 toxicity in Drosophila is examined through the properties of a mutant strain carrying a cSOD-null mutation, cSODn108.	Superoxides	35-45	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	57-61
2539600-1	1989	The role of copper/zinc-containing superoxide dismutase (cSOD; superoxide:superoxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.15.1.1) in metabolic defense against O2 toxicity in Drosophila is examined through the properties of a mutant strain carrying a cSOD-null mutation, cSODn108.	Superoxides	143-145	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	12-55
2539600-1	1989	The role of copper/zinc-containing superoxide dismutase (cSOD; superoxide:superoxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.15.1.1) in metabolic defense against O2 toxicity in Drosophila is examined through the properties of a mutant strain carrying a cSOD-null mutation, cSODn108.	Superoxides	143-145	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	57-61
2539600-3	1989	cSODn108 confers recessive sensitivity to the superoxide anion (O2-)-generator paraquat and to the transition metal compound CuSO4, which indicates that the cSOD-null condition in fact leads to impaired O2- metabolism.	Superoxides	46-62	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	0-4
2539600-3	1989	cSODn108 confers recessive sensitivity to the superoxide anion (O2-)-generator paraquat and to the transition metal compound CuSO4, which indicates that the cSOD-null condition in fact leads to impaired O2- metabolism.	Superoxides	64-66	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	0-4
2539600-3	1989	cSODn108 confers recessive sensitivity to the superoxide anion (O2-)-generator paraquat and to the transition metal compound CuSO4, which indicates that the cSOD-null condition in fact leads to impaired O2- metabolism.	Superoxides	203-205	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	0-4
2647629-7	1989	The use of scavengers of reactive oxygen reduction intermediates indicated that hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion and singlet oxygen, but apparently not hydroxyl radicals, were involved in parasite killing modulated by rIL-4.	Superoxides	99-115	interleukin 4	Rattus norvegicus	221-226
2848333-1	1988	The physiological significance of the enzyme indoleamine 2,3,-dioxygenase (IDO) (EC 1.13.11.17), which consumes superoxide anion (O2-), is not known.	Superoxides	112-128	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	45-73
2848333-1	1988	The physiological significance of the enzyme indoleamine 2,3,-dioxygenase (IDO) (EC 1.13.11.17), which consumes superoxide anion (O2-), is not known.	Superoxides	112-128	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	75-78
3166490-8	1988	Because xanthine oxidase utilizes molecular oxygen to produce superoxide radical, ethanol-induced conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to xanthine oxidase could contribute to the enhanced lipid peroxidation reported previously after administration of a single dose of ethanol.	Superoxides	62-80	xanthine dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	112-134
2979721-2	1988	The electron-transfer reduction of molecular oxygen yields superoxide ion (O2.-), which reacts with proton sources to form HO2..	Superoxides	59-69	heme oxygenase 2	Homo sapiens	123-126
2850458-1	1987	The generation of superoxide radicals from xanthine oxidase-hypoxanthine in a particulate fraction of gerbil cerebral cortex influenced the activity of the synaptic enzyme adenylate cyclase, as well as Mn2+- and Na+,K+-sensitive forms of ATPase.	Superoxides	18-28	dynein axonemal heavy chain 8	Homo sapiens	238-244
2850458-8	1987	The sensitivity of the particulate ATPase to Mn2+ was more labile to the consequence of superoxide formation than Na+, K+ -ATPase.	Superoxides	88-98	dynein axonemal heavy chain 8	Homo sapiens	35-41
3495372-6	1987	The loss of Mn SOD activity could be mediated by a low intracellular level of superoxide anion due to the scavenger effect of melanin on superoxide anion; in fact, it is well known that the biosynthesis of Mn SOD is induced by intracellular levels of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	78-94	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	12-18
3495372-6	1987	The loss of Mn SOD activity could be mediated by a low intracellular level of superoxide anion due to the scavenger effect of melanin on superoxide anion; in fact, it is well known that the biosynthesis of Mn SOD is induced by intracellular levels of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	78-94	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	206-212
3495372-6	1987	The loss of Mn SOD activity could be mediated by a low intracellular level of superoxide anion due to the scavenger effect of melanin on superoxide anion; in fact, it is well known that the biosynthesis of Mn SOD is induced by intracellular levels of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	137-153	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	12-18
3495372-6	1987	The loss of Mn SOD activity could be mediated by a low intracellular level of superoxide anion due to the scavenger effect of melanin on superoxide anion; in fact, it is well known that the biosynthesis of Mn SOD is induced by intracellular levels of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	137-153	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	206-212
3495372-6	1987	The loss of Mn SOD activity could be mediated by a low intracellular level of superoxide anion due to the scavenger effect of melanin on superoxide anion; in fact, it is well known that the biosynthesis of Mn SOD is induced by intracellular levels of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	137-153	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	12-18
3495372-6	1987	The loss of Mn SOD activity could be mediated by a low intracellular level of superoxide anion due to the scavenger effect of melanin on superoxide anion; in fact, it is well known that the biosynthesis of Mn SOD is induced by intracellular levels of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	137-153	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	206-212
3040332-9	1987	Second, the neutrophil superoxide burst response to either zymosan or beta-glucan particles was blocked by anti-CR3 or fluid-phase iC3b, and was completely absent with neutrophils from 3 patients with an inherited deficiency of CR3.	Superoxides	23-33	teratocarcinoma-derived growth factor 1 pseudogene 3	Homo sapiens	112-115
3040332-9	1987	Second, the neutrophil superoxide burst response to either zymosan or beta-glucan particles was blocked by anti-CR3 or fluid-phase iC3b, and was completely absent with neutrophils from 3 patients with an inherited deficiency of CR3.	Superoxides	23-33	teratocarcinoma-derived growth factor 1 pseudogene 3	Homo sapiens	228-231
3823631-3	1987	The levels of two enzymes, superoxide dismutase and catalase, involved in the removal of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide, were compared in Hereford cattle predisposed to ocular carcinoma and a resistant breed, Droughtmaster cattle.	Superoxides	89-105	catalase	Bos taurus	52-60
2995444-1	1985	The relationship of intracellular pH (pHi) to superoxide radical (O2-) generation was investigated in chemotactic factor-stimulated human neutrophils.	Superoxides	46-64	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Homo sapiens	38-41
2995444-1	1985	The relationship of intracellular pH (pHi) to superoxide radical (O2-) generation was investigated in chemotactic factor-stimulated human neutrophils.	Superoxides	66-68	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Homo sapiens	38-41
2995444-5	1985	In the presence of 1 mM amiloride, which nearly blocked the pHi transient elicited by FMLP, or in the absence of external Na, where intracellular acidification was observed in FMLP-stimulated cells, O2- release was still roughly 25-45% of normal.	Superoxides	199-201	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Homo sapiens	60-63
2995444-8	1985	In each instance, the amount of O2- release correlated directly with pHi and was enhanced by intracellular alkalinization.	Superoxides	32-34	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Homo sapiens	69-72
2995444-9	1985	In the absence of FMLP, a rise in pHi to 7.7-7.8 by exposure of cells to 30 mM NH4Cl, 10 microM monensin (a Na/H exchanging ionophore), or after a prepulse with 18% CO2 did not result in O2- generation.	Superoxides	166-168	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Homo sapiens	34-37
2995444-13	1985	Together, these results indicate a modulating effect of pHi on O2- production and suggest that other functional responses of neutrophils may be regulated by their pHi.	Superoxides	63-65	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Homo sapiens	56-59
2997080-0	1985	Inhibitory effect of superoxide radicals on cardiac myofibrillar ATPase activity.	Superoxides	21-40	dynein axonemal heavy chain 8	Homo sapiens	65-71
2997080-1	1985	The superoxide radicals generated by the xanthine oxidase reaction reduced the myofibrillar Ca2+-ATPase activity.	Superoxides	4-14	dynein axonemal heavy chain 8	Homo sapiens	97-103
3838941-6	1985	Human manganese superoxide dismutase was also found to dismute the superoxide radical to hydrogen peroxide and water.	Superoxides	67-85	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	6-36
4039529-5	1985	Increased MnSOD may reflect substrate induction, since superoxide anions are generated by ethanol metabolism.	Superoxides	55-72	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	10-15
2982206-3	1985	During ischemia, there appears to be a calcium-triggered, protease-dependent conversion of the native xanthine dehydrogenase to a superoxide-producing xanthine oxidase.	Superoxides	130-140	xanthine dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	102-124
6316150-1	1983	Copper, zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD) catalyses the very rapid two-step dismutation of the toxic superoxide radical (O-2) to molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide through the alternate reduction and oxidation of the active-site copper.	Superoxides	99-117	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	35-38
6313802-0	1983	The use of acetylated cytochrome c in detecting superoxide anion production in rabbit alveolar macrophages.	Superoxides	48-64	cytochrome c	Oryctolagus cuniculus	22-34
6309777-0	1983	Activation of mouse peritoneal macrophages by lipopolysaccharide alters the kinetic parameters of the superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	102-112	2,4-dienoyl CoA reductase 1, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	123-128
6268529-1	1981	During phagocytosis and membrane perturbation, mouse macrophages generate superoxide in direct proportion to their intracellular adenosine deaminase activity.	Superoxides	74-84	adenosine deaminase	Mus musculus	129-148
19802465-8	2009	Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibition by L-NAME blocked vascular relaxation and reduced superoxide production in LPS-treated animals.	Superoxides	89-99	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	0-21
19467856-2	2009	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is the major antioxidant in the mitochondria, catalysing the dismutation of superoxide radicals to form hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
19576886-13	2009	These results suggest that ET-1 increases the formation of superoxides in the retinal microvascular pericytes most likely by activating NADPH oxidase through ET(A) receptors.	Superoxides	59-70	endothelin receptor type A	Rattus norvegicus	158-163
19731237-2	2009	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) converts superoxide anion into hydrogen peroxide, which, unless detoxified by glutathione peroxidase or catalase (CAT), can form the hydroxyl radical with iron.	Superoxides	48-64	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
19731237-2	2009	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) converts superoxide anion into hydrogen peroxide, which, unless detoxified by glutathione peroxidase or catalase (CAT), can form the hydroxyl radical with iron.	Superoxides	48-64	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
19666001-6	2009	All these beneficial effects of resveratrol on the endothelium were abolished by pharmacological antagonism of AMPK by compound C. These results provide new insight into the protective properties of resveratrol against endothelial dysfunction caused by high glucose, which is attributed to the AMPK mediated reduction of superoxide level.	Superoxides	321-331	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Homo sapiens	111-115
19717555-9	2009	VDAC1-overexpressing cells showed increased O(2)(*) production and cytotoxicity, both of which were suppressed in VDAC1 knockdown cells.	Superoxides	44-51	voltage dependent anion channel 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
19717555-9	2009	VDAC1-overexpressing cells showed increased O(2)(*) production and cytotoxicity, both of which were suppressed in VDAC1 knockdown cells.	Superoxides	44-51	voltage dependent anion channel 1	Homo sapiens	114-119
19481066-0	2009	Bz-423 superoxide signals B cell apoptosis via Mcl-1, Bak, and Bax.	Superoxides	7-17	myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1	Mus musculus	47-52
19481066-6	2009	Treatment with Bz-423 results in superoxide-dependent Mcl-1 degradation, implicating this protein as the link between Bz-423-induced superoxide and Bax and Bak activation.	Superoxides	33-43	myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1	Mus musculus	54-59
19481066-6	2009	Treatment with Bz-423 results in superoxide-dependent Mcl-1 degradation, implicating this protein as the link between Bz-423-induced superoxide and Bax and Bak activation.	Superoxides	133-143	myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1	Mus musculus	54-59
19450058-4	2009	Rac1, a key component necessary for Nox1-mediated superoxide generation, also was activated by paraquat.	Superoxides	50-60	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
19542021-4	2009	Reduction in superoxide levels by each of 3 different interventions-pretreatment with superoxide dismutase (SOD), diphenylene iodinium (DPI), or knockdown of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) by siRNA-attenuated palmitate-mediated NF-kappaB signaling.	Superoxides	13-23	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	158-173
19542021-4	2009	Reduction in superoxide levels by each of 3 different interventions-pretreatment with superoxide dismutase (SOD), diphenylene iodinium (DPI), or knockdown of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) by siRNA-attenuated palmitate-mediated NF-kappaB signaling.	Superoxides	13-23	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	175-179
19576290-8	2009	These results show that the accumulation of nitric oxide derived from nitrite reduction and the superoxide-dependent mechanism of NO degradation in isolated A. thaliana mitochondria are influenced by the external NAD(P)H dehydrogenases and AOX, revealing a role for these alternative proteins of the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the control of NO levels in plant cells.	Superoxides	96-106	alternative oxidase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	240-243
19361273-4	2009	It was found that UCP2 and UCP4 protein levels were upregulated in neo but downregulated in APP and APPsw cells by the superoxide anion.	Superoxides	119-135	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	18-22
19361273-4	2009	It was found that UCP2 and UCP4 protein levels were upregulated in neo but downregulated in APP and APPsw cells by the superoxide anion.	Superoxides	119-135	solute carrier family 25 member 27	Homo sapiens	27-31
19361273-5	2009	Our results show that the superoxide anion can regulate protein levels of UCP2 and UCP4 in SH-SY5Y cells, and the mitochondrial free Ca(2+) shifted their levels, tightly coupled with the protein levels of UCPs.	Superoxides	26-42	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	74-78
19361273-5	2009	Our results show that the superoxide anion can regulate protein levels of UCP2 and UCP4 in SH-SY5Y cells, and the mitochondrial free Ca(2+) shifted their levels, tightly coupled with the protein levels of UCPs.	Superoxides	26-42	solute carrier family 25 member 27	Homo sapiens	83-87
19674192-4	2009	We report the first evidence that TGF-beta(1) induces Nrf2 mediated HO-1 expression and antioxidant response element activity, which was paralleled by enhanced superoxide production and expression of the NAD(P)H oxidase subunit p22(phox).	Superoxides	160-170	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	34-45
19674192-6	2009	Inhibition of NAD(P)H oxidase or scavenging of superoxide diminished HO-1 induction in response to TGF-beta(1).	Superoxides	47-57	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	99-110
19492297-10	2009	Overexpression of APE1/Ref-1 suppressed superoxide production and decreased SA beta-gal in hBMSCs.	Superoxides	40-50	apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1	Homo sapiens	18-22
19492297-10	2009	Overexpression of APE1/Ref-1 suppressed superoxide production and decreased SA beta-gal in hBMSCs.	Superoxides	40-50	apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1	Homo sapiens	23-28
19401447-2	2009	Elevating MnSOD levels in cells enhances the conversion of superoxide (O(2)(*-)) to hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), combined with inhibiting the removal of H(2)O(2), further increases H(2)O(2) levels, leading to increased cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	59-69	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	10-15
19401447-2	2009	Elevating MnSOD levels in cells enhances the conversion of superoxide (O(2)(*-)) to hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), combined with inhibiting the removal of H(2)O(2), further increases H(2)O(2) levels, leading to increased cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	71-75	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	10-15
19401447-3	2009	We hypothesized that increasing endogenous O(2)(*-) production in cells that were pretreated with adenoviral MnSOD (AdMnSOD) plus 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) would lead to an increased level of intracellular H(2)O(2) accumulation and increased cell killing.	Superoxides	43-47	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	109-114
19229193-1	2009	BACKGROUND: Based on previous data, we hypothesized that an increase of angiotensin II (Ang II)-via the Ang II type 1 (AT-1) receptor-in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) and the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus could activate NAD(P)H oxidase that will produce superoxides resulting in increased sympathetic activity and hypertension.	Superoxides	285-296	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Rattus norvegicus	104-117
19229193-1	2009	BACKGROUND: Based on previous data, we hypothesized that an increase of angiotensin II (Ang II)-via the Ang II type 1 (AT-1) receptor-in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) and the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus could activate NAD(P)H oxidase that will produce superoxides resulting in increased sympathetic activity and hypertension.	Superoxides	285-296	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Rattus norvegicus	119-123
19201999-9	2009	The inhibition of p38 MAPK restored endothelium-dependent relaxation, increased bioavailable NO, and reduced superoxide production.	Superoxides	109-119	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	18-21
19201999-10	2009	In conclusion, the pharmacological inhibition of p38 MAPK was effective in increasing NO generation, reducing superoxide burden, and restoring hypoxia-induced endothelial dysfunction in rats with hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension.	Superoxides	110-120	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	49-52
19211683-10	2009	We conclude that AT(1)R is involved in mediating the effect of K restriction on superoxide generation, c-Src, and MAPK and that inhibiting AT(1)R impairs renal ability of K conservation in response to K depletion.	Superoxides	80-90	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Rattus norvegicus	17-23
19584965-1	2009	Allopurinol is an inhibitor of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) and inhibits the generation of uric acid (UA) as the final product of purine catabolism, as well as the resulting generation of superoxide (O2(-)), in humans.	Superoxides	189-199	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	31-54
19584965-1	2009	Allopurinol is an inhibitor of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) and inhibits the generation of uric acid (UA) as the final product of purine catabolism, as well as the resulting generation of superoxide (O2(-)), in humans.	Superoxides	189-199	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	56-59
19584965-1	2009	Allopurinol is an inhibitor of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) and inhibits the generation of uric acid (UA) as the final product of purine catabolism, as well as the resulting generation of superoxide (O2(-)), in humans.	Superoxides	201-203	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	56-59
19232731-6	2009	Both Vav1 and PI3K are activated upon stimulation of microglia with beta-glucans, and the two proteins are required for phagocytosis of the glucan particles and for subsequent superoxide production.	Superoxides	176-186	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	5-9
19265433-2	2009	Superoxide (O(2)(*-)) produced during respiration is removed by the product of the SOD2 gene, the homotetrameric manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD).	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	83-87
19265433-2	2009	Superoxide (O(2)(*-)) produced during respiration is removed by the product of the SOD2 gene, the homotetrameric manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD).	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	113-143
19265433-2	2009	Superoxide (O(2)(*-)) produced during respiration is removed by the product of the SOD2 gene, the homotetrameric manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD).	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	145-150
19265433-2	2009	Superoxide (O(2)(*-)) produced during respiration is removed by the product of the SOD2 gene, the homotetrameric manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD).	Superoxides	12-16	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	83-87
19265433-2	2009	Superoxide (O(2)(*-)) produced during respiration is removed by the product of the SOD2 gene, the homotetrameric manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD).	Superoxides	12-16	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	113-143
19265433-2	2009	Superoxide (O(2)(*-)) produced during respiration is removed by the product of the SOD2 gene, the homotetrameric manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD).	Superoxides	12-16	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	145-150
19118162-5	2009	NADPH oxidase inhibitors (diphenylene iodonium and apocynin) greatly reduced TNF-alpha-evoked O(2)(*-) generation and apoptosis.	Superoxides	94-98	tumor necrosis factor	Sus scrofa	77-86
19118162-7	2009	Nox4, the cell-specific catalytic subunit of NADPH oxidase, is highly expressed in CMVEC, contributes to basal O(2)(*-) production, and accounts for a burst of oxidative stress in response to TNF-alpha.	Superoxides	111-115	NADPH oxidase 4	Sus scrofa	0-4
19076165-0	2009	Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase and xanthine oxidase are sources of superoxide in mouse trachea.	Superoxides	66-76	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	0-4
19165765-6	2009	Administration of PEDF or pyridoxal phosphate, an inhibitor of AGEs formation, inhibited platelet P-selectin expression and aggregation by suppressing NADPH oxidase-driven superoxide generation, and subsequently ameliorated a shortened tail vein bleeding time in diabetic rats.	Superoxides	172-182	serpin family F member 1	Rattus norvegicus	18-22
19191108-3	2009	By using [(3)H]5HT, it is reported here that 5HT binds to nNOS, but only when the enzyme is active and in a superoxide-dependent manner.	Superoxides	108-118	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	58-62
19201909-0	2009	IFN-beta impairs superoxide-dependent parasite killing in human macrophages: evidence for a deleterious role of SOD1 in cutaneous leishmaniasis.	Superoxides	17-27	interferon beta 1	Homo sapiens	0-8
19201909-4	2009	However, IFN-beta significantly reduced superoxide release in Leishmania-infected as well as uninfected human macrophages.	Superoxides	40-50	interferon beta 1	Homo sapiens	9-17
19201909-5	2009	This decrease in superoxide production was paralleled by a significant IFN-beta-mediated increase in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) protein levels.	Superoxides	17-27	interferon beta 1	Homo sapiens	71-79
19116138-2	2009	Nox2), produces superoxide, a precursor of microbicidal oxidants, thereby playing a crucial role in host defense.	Superoxides	16-26	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	0-4
18987049-2	2009	METHODS AND RESULTS: Incubation with a potent nNOS inhibitor (L-VNIO) significantly increased superoxide (O2(-)) levels, with increased MAPK phosphorylation, in isolated aorta and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from wild-type mice.	Superoxides	94-104	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	46-50
18987049-2	2009	METHODS AND RESULTS: Incubation with a potent nNOS inhibitor (L-VNIO) significantly increased superoxide (O2(-)) levels, with increased MAPK phosphorylation, in isolated aorta and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from wild-type mice.	Superoxides	106-111	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	46-50
19047200-9	2009	ESR spectrometry demonstrated the levels of superoxide to be 2.5-times higher (P &lt; or = 0.05) in EDL of nNOS-knockout mice than in C57 control mice while an in vitro assay based on the emission of 2,7-dichlorofluorescein fluorescence disclosed the concentration of ROS to be similar in both strains of mice.	Superoxides	44-54	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	107-111
19047200-10	2009	We suggest that the up-regulation of proteins that are implicated in the metabolism of ROS, particularly of peroxiredoxin-6, within skeletal muscles of nNOS-knockout mice functionally compensates for the absence of nNOS in scavenging of superoxide.	Superoxides	237-247	peroxiredoxin 6	Mus musculus	108-123
19047200-10	2009	We suggest that the up-regulation of proteins that are implicated in the metabolism of ROS, particularly of peroxiredoxin-6, within skeletal muscles of nNOS-knockout mice functionally compensates for the absence of nNOS in scavenging of superoxide.	Superoxides	237-247	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	152-156
19047200-10	2009	We suggest that the up-regulation of proteins that are implicated in the metabolism of ROS, particularly of peroxiredoxin-6, within skeletal muscles of nNOS-knockout mice functionally compensates for the absence of nNOS in scavenging of superoxide.	Superoxides	237-247	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	215-219
18930813-3	2009	A search of publicly available microarray data reveals that expression of mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (Sod2), responsible for the conversion of superoxide (O(2)(-)) to hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), is consistently increased in high-grade and advanced-stage bladder tumors.	Superoxides	98-108	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	120-124
18930813-3	2009	A search of publicly available microarray data reveals that expression of mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (Sod2), responsible for the conversion of superoxide (O(2)(-)) to hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), is consistently increased in high-grade and advanced-stage bladder tumors.	Superoxides	173-177	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	120-124
19127068-8	2009	However, superoxide anion production induced by IL5 and sIgA was not consistently inhibited.	Superoxides	9-25	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	48-51
23675099-4	2008	Approximately 0.3% of O2 ( -) present in cytosol exists in its protonated form: hydroperoxyl radical (HO2 ( )).	Superoxides	22-24	heme oxygenase 2	Homo sapiens	102-105
8396893-3	1993	Adrenodoxin reductase alone oxidized NADPH, reducing O2 to a superoxide radical at a very low rate.	Superoxides	61-79	ferredoxin reductase	Homo sapiens	0-21
8227685-6	1993	Superoxide dismutases, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase within cells remove superoxide and peroxides before they react with metal catalysis to form more reactive species.	Superoxides	80-90	catalase	Bos taurus	51-59
8134165-4	1993	GSD 1b MDM had significantly depressed O2- generation with fMet-Leu-Phe and concanavalin A stimulation; however, unlike peripheral blood monocytes, GSD 1b MDM responded to PMA stimulation with O2- production comparable to healthy control donors.	Superoxides	39-41	solute carrier family 37 member 4	Homo sapiens	0-6
8134165-4	1993	GSD 1b MDM had significantly depressed O2- generation with fMet-Leu-Phe and concanavalin A stimulation; however, unlike peripheral blood monocytes, GSD 1b MDM responded to PMA stimulation with O2- production comparable to healthy control donors.	Superoxides	193-195	solute carrier family 37 member 4	Homo sapiens	148-154
8134165-6	1993	When GSD 1b MDM were cultured in the presence of IFN-gamma (1 x 10(5) U/L), O2- production in response to fMet-Leu-Phe, concanavalin A, and PMA was enhanced to rates similar to those of control MDM cultured in the presence of IFN-gamma.	Superoxides	76-78	solute carrier family 37 member 4	Homo sapiens	5-11
8134165-8	1993	However, in contrast to circulating phagocytic cells, depressed O2- production in GSD 1b MDM is selective to receptor-mediated activation, but not to PMA stimulation.	Superoxides	64-66	solute carrier family 37 member 4	Homo sapiens	82-88
8367458-2	1993	Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains lacking copper-zinc superoxide dismutase, which is encoded by the SOD1 gene, are sensitive to oxidative stress and exhibit a variety of growth defects including hypersensitivity to dioxygen and to superoxide-generating drugs such as paraquat.	Superoxides	53-63	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	99-103
8395827-1	1993	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase system in phagocytes consists of membrane-associated cytochrome b558 and three cytosolic components named p67-phox, p47-phox, and rac p21s.	Superoxides	4-14	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	146-154
8269811-2	1993	Therefore, we evaluated the influence of diabetes control, measured as HbA1, level on superoxide anions production and neutrophils adherence to foreign surface.	Superoxides	86-103	hemoglobin subunit alpha 1	Homo sapiens	71-75
7692133-8	1993	Urinary trypsin inhibitor, the inhibitor of neutrophil elastase, decreased the release of LDH from HuH-6 cells cocultured with stimulated neutrophils, while superoxide scavenger did not.	Superoxides	157-167	elastase, neutrophil expressed	Homo sapiens	44-63
8442664-2	1993	The role of the enzyme copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn SOD; superoxide:superoxide oxidoreductase; EC 1.15.1.1), which scavenges superoxide anion radicals, as a longevity determinant was examined in transgenic Drosophila melanogaster.	Superoxides	35-45	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	57-66
8442664-2	1993	The role of the enzyme copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn SOD; superoxide:superoxide oxidoreductase; EC 1.15.1.1), which scavenges superoxide anion radicals, as a longevity determinant was examined in transgenic Drosophila melanogaster.	Superoxides	136-161	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	23-55
8442664-2	1993	The role of the enzyme copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn SOD; superoxide:superoxide oxidoreductase; EC 1.15.1.1), which scavenges superoxide anion radicals, as a longevity determinant was examined in transgenic Drosophila melanogaster.	Superoxides	136-161	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	57-66
1468117-3	1992	Both GH and IFN-gamma primed macrophages triggered with opsonized zymosan to secrete superoxide anion (O2-) in vitro, but IFN-gamma was effective at a 40-fold lower concentration.	Superoxides	85-101	gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor	Rattus norvegicus	5-7
1468117-3	1992	Both GH and IFN-gamma primed macrophages triggered with opsonized zymosan to secrete superoxide anion (O2-) in vitro, but IFN-gamma was effective at a 40-fold lower concentration.	Superoxides	103-105	gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor	Rattus norvegicus	5-7
1328604-7	1992	Furthermore, MB induced a dose- and time-dependent generation of superoxide anion from RPASM, as evidenced from spectrophotometric determination of cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	65-81	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	148-160
1326682-5	1992	Superoxide anion (O2-) release by macrophages in response to phorbol myristate acetate was determined by cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome c	Oryctolagus cuniculus	105-117
1326682-5	1992	Superoxide anion (O2-) release by macrophages in response to phorbol myristate acetate was determined by cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	18-20	cytochrome c	Oryctolagus cuniculus	105-117
1383769-5	1992	In order to understand the in vivo relationship between oxidative damage and the production of the superoxide radical, we generated transgenic strains of Drosophila melanogaster that synthesize excess levels of enzymatically active superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	99-109	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	232-252
1383769-6	1992	This was accomplished by P-element transformation of Drosophila melanogaster with the bovine cDNA for CuZn superoxide dismutase, an enzyme that catalyzes the dismutation of the superoxide radical to hydrogen peroxide and water.	Superoxides	177-195	superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Bos taurus	102-127
1374055-6	1992	In addition, PMN primed in vivo with rh G-CSF released more superoxide anions when stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate.	Superoxides	60-77	colony stimulating factor 3 (granulocyte)	Mus musculus	40-45
1310226-3	1992	Ozone-exposed human SP-A showed a decreased ability to enhance phagocytosis of herpes simplex virus and to stimulate superoxide anion production by alveolar macrophages.	Superoxides	117-133	surfactant protein A1	Homo sapiens	20-24
1662913-3	1991	This study shows that a 30-min infusion of a nonlethal dose of TNF induced the release of superoxide anion (0.9 nmol.min-1.g-1) by the in situ perfused rat liver.	Superoxides	90-106	tumor necrosis factor-like	Rattus norvegicus	63-66
1662913-4	1991	TNF also primed the liver to generate more superoxide anion (2.0 nmol.min-1.g-1) in response to an in vitro challenge with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).	Superoxides	43-59	tumor necrosis factor-like	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
1662913-5	1991	Kupffer cells are most likely responsible for the superoxide anion production under these conditions, because the isolated Kupffer cells from TNF-infused rats produced increased quantities of superoxide anion (4-8 nmol/10(6) cells) when subsequently treated in vitro with either PMA or opsonized zymosan (control less than 1 nmol/10(6) cells).	Superoxides	50-66	tumor necrosis factor-like	Rattus norvegicus	142-145
1662913-5	1991	Kupffer cells are most likely responsible for the superoxide anion production under these conditions, because the isolated Kupffer cells from TNF-infused rats produced increased quantities of superoxide anion (4-8 nmol/10(6) cells) when subsequently treated in vitro with either PMA or opsonized zymosan (control less than 1 nmol/10(6) cells).	Superoxides	192-208	tumor necrosis factor-like	Rattus norvegicus	142-145
1662913-6	1991	Thus, under these experimental conditions, TNF in vivo primed the Kupffer cells, but not the hepatocytes, endothelial cells, and the blood or hepatic neutrophils, to release more superoxide anion.	Superoxides	179-195	tumor necrosis factor-like	Rattus norvegicus	43-46
1664838-4	1991	Staphylococcus aureus, interleukin-1 beta, and interleukin-2 all increased the number of somatic cells after intramammary infusion and activated the inducible superoxide production in milk polymorphonuclear leukocytes.	Superoxides	159-169	interleukin 1 beta	Bos taurus	23-41
1662273-3	1991	The full potentiation by SOD of the relaxation produced by photoactivation of NO2- was matched by cytochrome c (30 microM), MnCl2 (30 microM) and CuCl2 (100 microM), all of which are scavengers of superoxide (O2-).	Superoxides	79-81	cytochrome c	Oryctolagus cuniculus	98-110
1959661-1	1991	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a nuclear encoded mitochondrial matrix enzyme that functions to scavenge superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
1682406-12	1991	These data suggested that free radicals including superoxide anion are possibly involved in the pathogenesis of the disease and Mn-SOD may play some role in a protection against the superoxide anion.	Superoxides	182-198	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	128-134
1924315-1	1991	Copper, zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1 gene product) (superoxide:superoxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.15.1.1) is a copper-containing enzyme that functions to prevent oxygen toxicity.	Superoxides	13-23	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	35-39
1703491-9	1991	In addition, the reduced superoxide generative and phagocytic activity of the peritoneal neutrophils of the BMT mice were restored to normal by the rG-CSF treatment.	Superoxides	25-35	colony stimulating factor 3	Rattus norvegicus	148-154
1726322-6	1991	NaNp inhibited in a dose-dependent manner the release of histamine evoked by compound 48/80 (0.5 microgram/ml), but not by the O2.--generating system (xanthine-xanthine oxidase), suggesting a bidirectional regulation of histamine release afforded by O2.- and NO.	Superoxides	250-252	sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 11	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
1973035-0	1990	The CD11c antigen couples concanavalin A binding to generation of superoxide anion in human phagocytes.	Superoxides	66-82	integrin subunit alpha X	Homo sapiens	4-9
2111736-7	1990	Both, "spontaneous" and zymosan stimulated CL-Lum responses were inhibited by 100 microM azide and by 0.8 microM superoxide dismutase, suggesting the involvement of hemoproteins and superoxide anion in the measured responses.	Superoxides	182-198	lumican	Mus musculus	46-49
1692808-5	1990	However, cells in medium with rG-CSF or LPS maintained the ability to generate O2- well or moderately, respectively.	Superoxides	79-81	colony stimulating factor 3	Rattus norvegicus	30-36
2112250-2	1990	The enzyme copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn SOD; superoxide:superoxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.15.1.1) performs a protective function by scavenging superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	23-33	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	45-54
2112250-2	1990	The enzyme copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn SOD; superoxide:superoxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.15.1.1) performs a protective function by scavenging superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	56-66	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	11-43
2112250-2	1990	The enzyme copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn SOD; superoxide:superoxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.15.1.1) performs a protective function by scavenging superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	56-66	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	45-54
2185986-5	1990	Furthermore, a combination of an intact CD11a and CD18 antibody does induce a rise in intracellular calcium and production of superoxide.	Superoxides	126-136	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	40-45
22723845-4	2012	Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) is a mitochondrial enzyme that converts superoxide radicals to molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, providing a first line of defense against ROS.	Superoxides	70-80	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-22
22723845-4	2012	Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) is a mitochondrial enzyme that converts superoxide radicals to molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, providing a first line of defense against ROS.	Superoxides	70-80	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	24-28
19230846-6	2009	G6PD-derived NADPH increased (p &lt; 0.05) superoxide anion levels by 70-90% in fa/fa vs lean rat liver, which was inhibited by the NADPH oxidase inhibitor gp91(ds-tat) (50 microM) and G6PD inhibitors 6-aminonicotinamide (1 mM) and dehydroepiandrosterone (100 microM), therefore indicating that elevated G6PD activity may be responsible for mediating superoxide generation.	Superoxides	43-59	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
19230846-6	2009	G6PD-derived NADPH increased (p &lt; 0.05) superoxide anion levels by 70-90% in fa/fa vs lean rat liver, which was inhibited by the NADPH oxidase inhibitor gp91(ds-tat) (50 microM) and G6PD inhibitors 6-aminonicotinamide (1 mM) and dehydroepiandrosterone (100 microM), therefore indicating that elevated G6PD activity may be responsible for mediating superoxide generation.	Superoxides	43-53	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
34923103-6	2022	Both CI-OH and CI-Bz-NO2 products were also formed in the presence of cogenerated fluxes of nitric oxide and superoxide radical anion produced during decomposition of a SIN-1 donor.	Superoxides	109-133	mitogen-activated protein kinase associated protein 1	Mus musculus	169-174
34930834-0	2021	Cytoglobin has potent superoxide dismutase function.	Superoxides	22-32	cytoglobin	Mus musculus	0-10
34930834-3	2021	From dose-dependent studies of the effect of Cygb on superoxide catabolism, we identify that Cygb has potent superoxide dismutase (SOD) function.	Superoxides	53-63	cytoglobin	Mus musculus	45-49
34930834-3	2021	From dose-dependent studies of the effect of Cygb on superoxide catabolism, we identify that Cygb has potent superoxide dismutase (SOD) function.	Superoxides	53-63	cytoglobin	Mus musculus	93-97
34930834-4	2021	Initial assays using cytochrome c showed that Cygb exhibits a high rate of superoxide dismutation on the order of 108 M-1   s-1 Spin-trapping studies also demonstrated that the rate of Cygb-mediated superoxide dismutation (1.6 x 108 M-1   s-1) was only ~10-fold less than Cu,Zn-SOD.	Superoxides	75-85	cytoglobin	Mus musculus	46-50
34930834-4	2021	Initial assays using cytochrome c showed that Cygb exhibits a high rate of superoxide dismutation on the order of 108 M-1   s-1 Spin-trapping studies also demonstrated that the rate of Cygb-mediated superoxide dismutation (1.6 x 108 M-1   s-1) was only ~10-fold less than Cu,Zn-SOD.	Superoxides	199-209	cytoglobin	Mus musculus	46-50
34930834-4	2021	Initial assays using cytochrome c showed that Cygb exhibits a high rate of superoxide dismutation on the order of 108 M-1   s-1 Spin-trapping studies also demonstrated that the rate of Cygb-mediated superoxide dismutation (1.6 x 108 M-1   s-1) was only ~10-fold less than Cu,Zn-SOD.	Superoxides	199-209	cytoglobin	Mus musculus	185-189
34930834-5	2021	Stopped-flow experiments confirmed that Cygb rapidly dismutates superoxide with rates within an order of magnitude of Cu,Zn-SOD or Mn-SOD.	Superoxides	64-74	cytoglobin	Mus musculus	40-44
34930834-7	2021	In control smooth-muscle cells and cells with siRNA-mediated Cygb knockdown subjected to extracellular superoxide stress from xanthine/xanthine oxidase or intracellular superoxide stress triggered by the uncoupler, menadione, Cygb had a prominent role in superoxide metabolism and protected against superoxide-mediated death.	Superoxides	169-179	cytoglobin	Mus musculus	226-230
34930834-7	2021	In control smooth-muscle cells and cells with siRNA-mediated Cygb knockdown subjected to extracellular superoxide stress from xanthine/xanthine oxidase or intracellular superoxide stress triggered by the uncoupler, menadione, Cygb had a prominent role in superoxide metabolism and protected against superoxide-mediated death.	Superoxides	255-265	cytoglobin	Mus musculus	226-230
34930834-7	2021	In control smooth-muscle cells and cells with siRNA-mediated Cygb knockdown subjected to extracellular superoxide stress from xanthine/xanthine oxidase or intracellular superoxide stress triggered by the uncoupler, menadione, Cygb had a prominent role in superoxide metabolism and protected against superoxide-mediated death.	Superoxides	299-309	cytoglobin	Mus musculus	226-230
34930834-8	2021	Similar experiments in vessels showed higher levels of superoxide in Cygb -/- mice than wild type.	Superoxides	55-65	cytoglobin	Mus musculus	69-73
34930834-9	2021	Thus, Cygb has potent SOD function and can rapidly dismutate superoxide in cells, conferring protection against oxidant injury.	Superoxides	61-71	cytoglobin	Mus musculus	6-10
34930834-10	2021	In view of its ubiquitous cellular expression at micromolar concentrations in smooth-muscle and other cells, Cygb can play an important role in cellular superoxide metabolism.	Superoxides	153-163	cytoglobin	Mus musculus	109-113
34958669-1	2022	Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide in mitochondria limiting mitochondrial damage.	Superoxides	59-69	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-22
34958669-1	2022	Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide in mitochondria limiting mitochondrial damage.	Superoxides	59-69	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	24-28
34871043-4	2022	Corresponding with increased ion flux through the MCU, mitochondrial superoxide production is elevated, thereby increasing the propensity for MICU1-/- neutrophils to undergo suicidal NETosis rather than primary degranulation in response to S. aureus.	Superoxides	69-79	mitochondrial calcium uptake 1	Mus musculus	142-147
34871043-8	2022	Coinciding with the decrease in S. aureus burdens, MICU1-/- neutrophils in the heart produced higher levels of mitochondrial superoxide and undergo enhanced suicidal NETosis.	Superoxides	125-135	mitochondrial calcium uptake 1	Mus musculus	51-56
34391839-9	2021	Similarly to the 9,10-PQ treatment, treatment with a donor of peroxynitrite, a highly reactive oxidant formed by the reaction of NO and superoxide anion, resulted in the marked reduction of CLDN5 expression and elevation of 26S proteasome-based proteolytic activities.	Superoxides	136-152	claudin 5	Homo sapiens	190-195
34356378-4	2021	Moreover, GLP-1 exhibited stronger antioxidant activities than GLP-2 in five different assays: 2,2"-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion radical, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and oxygen radical antioxidant capacity (ORAC).	Superoxides	175-199	glucagon	Mus musculus	10-15
34356358-0	2021	Quercetin Alleviates the Accumulation of Superoxide in Sodium Iodate-Induced Retinal Autophagy by Regulating Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Homeostasis through Enhanced Deacetyl-SOD2 via the Nrf2-PGC-1alpha-Sirt1 Pathway.	Superoxides	41-51	peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1 alpha	Mus musculus	203-213
34220419-12	2021	The expression of MC2R in the adrenal glands increases at the peak of EAE, where strong induction of superoxide anion and malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced total glutathione (GSH) content, and catalase activity occurred at the peak and end of EAE compared with controls.	Superoxides	101-117	melanocortin 2 receptor	Homo sapiens	18-22
34135757-8	2021	IL-8, IL-1beta, and TNF-alpha levels were markedly increased and oxidative stress levels were also significantly higher with increased levels of the pro-oxidative biomarker, MDA, decreased levels of the anti-oxidative biomarkers, T-AOC and GSH/GSSG, and reduced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in lung tissues of Cse -/- mice compared with those of wild type mice.	Superoxides	262-272	cystathionase (cystathionine gamma-lyase)	Mus musculus	317-320
34069420-11	2021	Therefore, we infer that ablation of Selenbp1 elicits oxidative stress caused by increased levels of superoxide anions, which alters lipid metabolism via the Pparalpha pathway.	Superoxides	101-118	selenium binding protein 1	Mus musculus	37-45
34164520-14	2021	We detected that NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1), a superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase, is negatively regulated by Fbxw7.	Superoxides	43-53	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	17-32
34164520-14	2021	We detected that NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1), a superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase, is negatively regulated by Fbxw7.	Superoxides	43-53	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	34-38
34605115-4	2021	The results showed that in diquat-treated piglets, supplementation of dietary GOD and CAT elevated the superoxide dismutase and CAT activities and attenuated the malondialdehyde level in plasma and intestinal mucosa, enhanced the duodenal villus height and villus height/crypt depth ratio, upregulated ZO-1 mRNA level, and attenuated the apoptosis of the epithelial cells and caspase-3 mRNA level in the intestine.	Superoxides	103-113	catalase	Sus scrofa	86-89
35624792-1	2022	The superoxide dismutase (SOD) family functions as a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging system by converting superoxide anions into hydrogen peroxide in the cytosol (SOD1), mitochondria (SOD2), and extracellular matrix (SOD3).	Superoxides	115-132	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	193-197
35189109-1	2022	Arsenite, a well-established human carcinogen and toxic compound, promotes the formation of mitochondrial superoxide (mitoO2-.) via a Ca2+-dependent mechanism, in which an initial stimulation of the inositol 1, 4, 5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) is followed by the activation of the ryanodine receptor (RyR), critical for providing Ca2+ to the mitochondria.	Superoxides	106-116	inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3	Homo sapiens	240-244
35393052-11	2022	On the other hand, in the apoptosis phase, apoptotic BBC is caused by the influence of NO, superoxide and MDA through the EAP.	Superoxides	91-101	glutamyl aminopeptidase	Homo sapiens	122-125
18518859-8	2008	The activated forms of Rac1 and NOXA1 are essentially involved in Nox1 activation and their interactions might be responsible for regulating the O(2)(-)-producing activity in Caco-2 cells.	Superoxides	145-150	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	66-70
35453320-5	2022	One example of such an antioxidant enzyme is manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD, also referred to as SOD2), which detoxifies superoxide, a ROS that has been shown, when its normal physiological levels are disrupted, to lead to oncogenicity and therapy resistance.	Superoxides	128-138	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	45-75
35453320-5	2022	One example of such an antioxidant enzyme is manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD, also referred to as SOD2), which detoxifies superoxide, a ROS that has been shown, when its normal physiological levels are disrupted, to lead to oncogenicity and therapy resistance.	Superoxides	128-138	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	77-82
35453320-5	2022	One example of such an antioxidant enzyme is manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD, also referred to as SOD2), which detoxifies superoxide, a ROS that has been shown, when its normal physiological levels are disrupted, to lead to oncogenicity and therapy resistance.	Superoxides	128-138	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	104-108
35327223-6	2022	Pretreatment with CYP was able to improve cell viability, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and reduce intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and malondialdehyde (MDA) content after H2O2 injury.	Superoxides	58-68	cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily a, polypeptide 23-polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	18-21
18646267-3	2008	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is the only known superoxide scavenger in mitochondria.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
35254605-3	2022	In cosmetic field, mud can improve the activity of glutathione enzyme and superoxide dismutase in skin, which helps the skin anti-aging.	Superoxides	74-84	adaptor related protein complex 5 subunit mu 1	Homo sapiens	19-22
18812505-0	2008	Superoxide anions regulate TORC1 and its ability to bind Fpr1:rapamycin complex.	Superoxides	0-17	peptidylprolyl isomerase FPR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	57-61
35149995-9	2022	The total ROS, superoxide, H2 O2 levels and lipid peroxidation were higher in the AOX-AS line than WT and AOX-OE lines.	Superoxides	15-25	alternative oxidase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	82-85
18638447-0	2008	The AP-1 site is essential for the promoter activity of NOX1/NADPH oxidase, a vascular superoxide-producing enzyme: Possible involvement of the ERK1/2-JunB pathway.	Superoxides	87-97	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	4-8
2516241-11	1989	Increased Ca2+ may affect proteases and may help in the conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to xanthine oxidase, consequently increased production of super oxide radicals.	Superoxides	151-171	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	70-92
2538946-4	1989	Superoxide dismutase and catalase attenuated the furazolidone-mediated stimulation of oxygen consumption, indicating that the drug promoted the formation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	157-167	catalase	Meleagris gallopavo	25-33
2914919-3	1989	The next phase was also second order in oxygen (260 M-1 s-1), involved the loss of flavin semiquinone and yielded, on average, 1 mol of superoxide/mol of XDH oxidized.	Superoxides	136-146	xanthine dehydrogenase	Gallus gallus	154-157
18638447-0	2008	The AP-1 site is essential for the promoter activity of NOX1/NADPH oxidase, a vascular superoxide-producing enzyme: Possible involvement of the ERK1/2-JunB pathway.	Superoxides	87-97	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	144-150
18625439-2	2008	There are seven related NADPH oxidases (NOX 1-5, DuoNOX 1,2) which can be activated in various ways to produce superoxide and hydrogen peroxide at the plasma membrane.	Superoxides	111-121	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	40-45
2843714-4	1988	Thereafter, O2- release by these cells in response to phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) was determined by cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	12-14	cytochrome c	Oryctolagus cuniculus	104-116
2853694-8	1988	Furthermore, Lyt2+ splenic T cells also enhanced O2- production by +/+ PEM.	Superoxides	49-51	CD8 antigen, alpha chain	Mus musculus	13-17
18539196-8	2008	Granulocyte responses to IL-33 were monitored by superoxide anion production and by degranulation; IL-5, IL-1beta, and TNF-alpha served as controls.	Superoxides	49-65	interleukin 33	Homo sapiens	25-30
2842350-1	1988	We examined the role of superoxide in the increase in intracellular pH (pHi) of human histiocytic leukemia U937 cells treated with 4 beta-phorbol-12,13-didecanoate (4 beta-PDD) or serum.	Superoxides	24-34	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Homo sapiens	72-75
2842350-4	1988	Also, a superoxide-generating system, xanthine-xanthine oxidase (X-XOD), increased pHi of U937 cells as much as 4 beta-PDD or serum.	Superoxides	8-18	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Homo sapiens	83-86
2842350-5	1988	From these findings, it appears that superoxide is the basis for the modulation of pHi.	Superoxides	37-47	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Homo sapiens	83-86
18424626-1	2008	Treatment of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) alternative oxidase1a (aox1a) mutant plants with moderate light under drought conditions resulted in a phenotypic difference compared with ecotype Columbia (Col-0), as evidenced by a 10-fold increase in the accumulation of anthocyanins in leaves, alterations in photosynthetic efficiency, and increased superoxide radical and reduced root growth at the early stages of seedling growth.	Superoxides	351-369	alternative oxidase 1A	Arabidopsis thaliana	48-69
2827396-4	1987	Relative to PMN from saline-injected controls, PMN from LPS-treated rabbits released markedly greater amounts of O2- in response to 10 ng/ml phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) as measured by nmol cytochrome C reduced in 20 minutes (40.8 +/- 7.8 for LPS-treated PMN versus 10.1 +/- 1.6 for control, p less than 0.01).	Superoxides	113-115	cytochrome c	Oryctolagus cuniculus	193-205
18424626-1	2008	Treatment of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) alternative oxidase1a (aox1a) mutant plants with moderate light under drought conditions resulted in a phenotypic difference compared with ecotype Columbia (Col-0), as evidenced by a 10-fold increase in the accumulation of anthocyanins in leaves, alterations in photosynthetic efficiency, and increased superoxide radical and reduced root growth at the early stages of seedling growth.	Superoxides	351-369	alternative oxidase 1A	Arabidopsis thaliana	71-76
18485875-3	2008	Mitochondrial damage is critical to GzmA-induced cell death since cells treated with superoxide scavengers are resistant to GzmA.	Superoxides	85-95	granzyme A	Homo sapiens	36-40
3032176-0	1987	The diacylglycerol kinase inhibitor, R59022, enhances the superoxide generation from human neutrophils induced by stimulation of fMet-Leu-Phe, IgG and C3b receptors.	Superoxides	58-68	endogenous retrovirus group K member 3	Homo sapiens	151-154
2881544-2	1987	This mechanism of guanylate cyclase activation is not blocked by scavengers for superoxide anion or hydroxyl radical, but is selectively inhibited by methylene blue, inactivation of catalase and ethanol.	Superoxides	80-96	guanylate cyclase	Bos taurus	18-35
18485875-3	2008	Mitochondrial damage is critical to GzmA-induced cell death since cells treated with superoxide scavengers are resistant to GzmA.	Superoxides	85-95	granzyme A	Homo sapiens	124-128
2881544-2	1987	This mechanism of guanylate cyclase activation is not blocked by scavengers for superoxide anion or hydroxyl radical, but is selectively inhibited by methylene blue, inactivation of catalase and ethanol.	Superoxides	80-96	catalase	Bos taurus	182-190
18485875-4	2008	Here we find that GzmA accesses the mitochondrial matrix to cleave the complex I protein NDUFS3, an iron-sulfur subunit of the NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex I, after Lys56 to interfere with NADH oxidation and generate superoxide anions.	Superoxides	227-244	granzyme A	Homo sapiens	18-22
18281048-3	2008	Overexpression of the superoxide scavenger MnSOD and the hydrogen peroxide scavenger catalase inhibited tube formation in estrogen treated endothelial cells.	Superoxides	22-32	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	43-48
3761960-1	1986	Catalase may provide protection against photochemical action of superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	64-83	catalase	Bos taurus	0-8
18292390-9	2008	Finally, human macrophages acquire responsiveness to the CXCR2 ligands (IL-8 and Grobeta), as measured by superoxide anion production, after induction of CXCR2 expression by PPAR-gamma ligands.	Superoxides	106-122	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2	Homo sapiens	57-62
3005456-4	1986	In contrast, superoxide anion generation from human neutrophils stimulated with PF4 was undetectable even at the highest PF4 concentration tested (2 X 10(-5) M).	Superoxides	13-29	platelet factor 4	Homo sapiens	80-83
18302939-7	2008	Moreover, galectin-3 but not galectin-1 induced the release of superoxide, which was blocked by lactose, anti-RAGE, and dithiothreitol.	Superoxides	63-73	galectin 3	Homo sapiens	10-20
3510480-3	1986	Moreover, trypsin can activate the conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase into superoxide radicals producing xanthine oxidase.	Superoxides	77-87	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	49-71
18309109-8	2008	STC1 also significantly decreased TNF-alpha-induced superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	52-68	stanniocalcin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
2997080-4	1985	The myofibrillar Ca2+-ATPase exposed to O2-.	Superoxides	40-43	dynein axonemal heavy chain 8	Homo sapiens	22-28
18309109-12	2008	CONCLUSIONS: STC1 maintains endothelial permeability in TNF-alpha-treated HCAECs through preservation of tight junction protein expression, suppression of superoxide anion production, and inhibition of the activation of NFkappaB and JNK, suggesting an important role for STC1 in regulating endothelial functions during cardiovascular inflammation.	Superoxides	155-171	stanniocalcin 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
18356741-9	2008	This programmed alteration in superoxide production was accentuated by PD123319 (AT2 antagonist), but abolished by losartan (AT1 antagonist).	Superoxides	30-40	type-2 angiotensin II receptor	Ovis aries	81-84
6092465-7	1984	In contrast, CHS-BCL generated superoxide more rapidly than did normals, and contained the characteristic giant granules of CHS.	Superoxides	31-41	lysosomal trafficking regulator	Homo sapiens	13-16
17993589-9	2008	Exogenous expression of caveolin-1 in COS-phox cells augmented the fMLP-induced Rac1 activation and superoxide production, indicating a direct role of caveolin-1 in the mechanism of superoxide production.	Superoxides	182-192	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	80-84
18083891-6	2008	Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) converts intramitochondrial superoxide to diffusible H(2)O(2), which serves as a redox-signaling molecule, regulating pulmonary vascular tone and structure through effects on Kv1.5 and transcription factors.	Superoxides	58-68	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-22
18083891-6	2008	Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) converts intramitochondrial superoxide to diffusible H(2)O(2), which serves as a redox-signaling molecule, regulating pulmonary vascular tone and structure through effects on Kv1.5 and transcription factors.	Superoxides	58-68	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	24-28
17981802-0	2008	Mechanism of angiotensin II-induced superoxide production in cells reconstituted with angiotensin type 1 receptor and the components of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	36-46	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	86-113
17981802-1	2008	The mechanism of angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced superoxide production was investigated with HEK293 or Chinese hamster ovary cells reconstituted with the angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT(1)R) and NADPH oxidase (either Nox1 or Nox2) along with a pair of adaptor subunits (either NOXO1 with NOXA1 or p47(phox) with p67(phox)).	Superoxides	49-59	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	154-181
17981802-1	2008	The mechanism of angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced superoxide production was investigated with HEK293 or Chinese hamster ovary cells reconstituted with the angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT(1)R) and NADPH oxidase (either Nox1 or Nox2) along with a pair of adaptor subunits (either NOXO1 with NOXA1 or p47(phox) with p67(phox)).	Superoxides	49-59	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	183-189
17981802-3	2008	Expression of several AT(1)R mutants showed that interaction of the receptor with G proteins but not that with beta-arrestin or with other proteins (Jak2, phospholipase C-gamma1, SH2 domain-containing phosphatase 2) that bind to the COOH-terminal region of AT(1)R, was necessary for Ang II-induced superoxide production.	Superoxides	298-308	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	22-28
18091741-7	2008	Nuclear translocation of NFkappaB (p65) was noted within 5 min of exposure to H(2)O(2) and at least 15 min after exposure to superoxide or BSO.	Superoxides	125-135	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	35-38
17962624-7	2008	AT1R blockade by candesartan abrogated CZ flow in WKY (0.58 mL/min/g), reduced myocardial superoxide, and blocked p38 and Akt activation.	Superoxides	90-100	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
18023288-0	2008	Nox1-dependent superoxide production controls colon adenocarcinoma cell migration.	Superoxides	15-25	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
6098753-0	1984	Heme degradation with participation of the superoxide radical in the presence of NADH and lipoamide dehydrogenase.	Superoxides	43-61	dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	90-113
6327791-4	1984	In contrast, the release of lysosomal beta-glucuronidase from neutrophils stimulated with opsonized zymosan was only inhibited by two flavonoids, quercetin and chalcone, and only at concentrations of 1.5 X 10(-4)M to 2 X 10(-4)M. Quercetin also inhibited the generation of superoxide anion by neutrophils but to a lesser degree than its effect on CL.	Superoxides	273-289	glucuronidase beta	Homo sapiens	38-56
6327680-2	1984	The presence of cytochrome P-450 in the membranes resulted in 4-8-fold higher rates of O-2, H2O2, and hydroxyl radical production, indicating that the oxycytochrome P-450 complex constitutes the major source for superoxide anions liberated in the system, giving as a consequence hydrogen peroxide and also, subsequently, hydroxyl radicals formed in an iron-catalyzed Haber-Weiss reaction.	Superoxides	212-229	cytochrome P-450	Oryctolagus cuniculus	16-32
6323471-0	1984	The reaction of superoxide radical with catalase.	Superoxides	16-34	catalase	Bos taurus	40-48
6323471-1	1984	Mechanism of the inhibition of catalase by superoxide radical.	Superoxides	43-61	catalase	Bos taurus	31-39
6323471-4	1984	The formation of Compound I is due to the reaction of ferric catalase with hydrogen peroxide, which is generated by the disproportionation of the superoxide anion (O-2).	Superoxides	146-162	catalase	Bos taurus	61-69
6321074-2	1984	It has recently been proposed that an important source of superoxide anion during the respiratory burst that stimulates murine macrophages is the sequential metabolism of adenosine via adenosine deaminase and xanthine oxidase to uric acid.	Superoxides	58-74	adenosine deaminase	Mus musculus	185-204
6251902-2	1980	The rates of reduction of phosvitin-bound ferricytochrome c by cytochrome b2, ascorbate and the superoxide radical generated by xanthine oxidase wer repressed where the binding ratio was less than half the maximum, but at higher ratios they were restored gradually with increase in the ratio.	Superoxides	96-114	casein kinase 2 beta	Homo sapiens	26-35
18023288-3	2008	These new homologues (Nox1-Nox5) produce low levels of superoxides compared to the phagocytic homologue Nox2/gp91phox.	Superoxides	55-66	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	22-26
18023288-4	2008	Using Nox1 siRNA, we show that Nox1-dependent superoxide production affects the migration of HT29-D4 colonic adenocarcinoma cells on collagen-I.	Superoxides	46-56	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	6-10
18023288-4	2008	Using Nox1 siRNA, we show that Nox1-dependent superoxide production affects the migration of HT29-D4 colonic adenocarcinoma cells on collagen-I.	Superoxides	46-56	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	31-35
18023288-5	2008	Nox1 inhibition or down-regulation led to a decrease of superoxide production and alpha 2 beta 1 integrin membrane availability.	Superoxides	56-66	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
18023288-6	2008	An addition of arachidonic acid stimulated Nox1-dependent superoxide production and HT29-D4 cell migration.	Superoxides	58-68	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	43-47
18068099-5	2008	A time-dependent enhancement showed that the production of IL-1, NO and IL-12 were significantly increased within 6 h. Superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) production by macrophages from GP-treated mice was higher than that of cells from untreated mice.	Superoxides	119-135	interleukin 1 complex	Mus musculus	59-63
18068099-5	2008	A time-dependent enhancement showed that the production of IL-1, NO and IL-12 were significantly increased within 6 h. Superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) production by macrophages from GP-treated mice was higher than that of cells from untreated mice.	Superoxides	137-141	interleukin 1 complex	Mus musculus	59-63
17916769-5	2007	Furthermore, IGF-1 decreased vascular expression of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, reduced aortic superoxide formation and urinary 8-isoprostane levels, and increased aortic pAkt and eNOS expression and circulating endothelial progenitor cells, consistent with an antiinflammatory, antioxidant, and prorepair effect on the vasculature.	Superoxides	144-154	insulin-like growth factor 1	Mus musculus	13-18
17941699-11	2007	The results demonstrate fundamental differences between the pharmacological properties of CA1 and CA4 that provide two possible explanations for their differential activities in vivo: oxidative activation to a quinone intermediate likely to bind to protein thiols and possibly to nucleic acids and stimulation of oxidative stress by enhancing superoxide/hydrogen peroxide production.	Superoxides	343-353	carbonic anhydrase 4	Homo sapiens	98-101
17872466-5	2007	H2O2 and superoxide anion (O2(-)) production were significantly blunted in the Ets-1(-/-) mice.	Superoxides	9-25	E26 avian leukemia oncogene 1, 5' domain	Mus musculus	79-84
17872466-5	2007	H2O2 and superoxide anion (O2(-)) production were significantly blunted in the Ets-1(-/-) mice.	Superoxides	2-4	E26 avian leukemia oncogene 1, 5' domain	Mus musculus	79-84
17905201-4	2007	IFN-beta suppressed the production of glutamate and superoxide by activated microglia to 70% and 75% of lipopolysaccharide stimulation, respectively, and prevented microglial-induced neuronal cell death.	Superoxides	52-62	interferon beta 1	Homo sapiens	0-8
17873008-12	2007	In conclusion, contrary to expectation, our findings demonstrate that CRYAB and HSPB2 deficiency induces profound adaptations that are related to 1) a reduction in calcium-dependent metabolism/respiration, including ATP production, and 2) decreased superoxide production during reperfusion.	Superoxides	249-259	crystallin, alpha B	Mus musculus	70-75
17678635-10	2007	Consequently, myocardial superoxide content in PPARgamma knockout mice was increased, leading to extensive oxidative damage.	Superoxides	25-35	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	47-56
17678635-11	2007	Treatment with a SOD mimetic compound, MnTBAP, prevented superoxide-induced cardiac pathological changes in PPARgamma knockout mice.	Superoxides	57-67	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	108-117
17682092-7	2007	TPO prevented the increase in total and mitochondrial superoxide and the beta-cell dysfunction induced by high glucose.	Superoxides	54-64	thyroid peroxidase	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
17709654-6	2007	Cardiac xanthine oxidoreductase inhibition with oxypurinol significantly reduced cardiac superoxide, prevented the progression of cardiac remodeling, and delayed the mortality in DS rats.	Superoxides	89-99	xanthine dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	8-31
17440754-0	2007	NADH oxidase activity of rat and human liver xanthine oxidoreductase: potential role in superoxide production.	Superoxides	88-98	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	45-68
17440754-2	2007	A steady-state kinetics study of XD showed that it catalyses NADH oxidation, leading to the formation of one O2*- molecule and half a H(2)O(2) molecule per NADH molecule, at rates 3 times those observed for XO (29.2 +/- 1.6 and 9.38 +/- 0.31 min(-1), respectively).	Superoxides	109-111	xanthine dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	33-35
17675065-8	2007	Interestingly, chelerythrine, a PKC inhibitor, and PP2, a Src kinase family inhibitor, reduced G6PD activity (0.29 +/- 0.04 nM x min x mg protein) by 50% and 51% and these inhibitors also decreased myocardial superoxide by 99% and 79%, respectively.	Superoxides	209-219	neuropeptide Y receptor Y6 (pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	51-54
17634371-3	2007	In the present study, we show that p75(NTR)-mediated apoptosis in motor neurons involved neutral sphingomyelinase activation, increased mitochondrial superoxide production, and cytochrome c release to the cytosol.	Superoxides	150-160	neurotensin receptor 1	Homo sapiens	39-42
17634371-9	2007	Together, our data indicate that p75(NTR)-mediated motor neuron apoptosis involves ceramide-dependent increased mitochondrial superoxide production.	Superoxides	126-136	neurotensin receptor 1	Homo sapiens	37-40
17502491-2	2007	Here we study aortic dissection in mice deficient in the superoxide-generating reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase NOX1.	Superoxides	57-67	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	139-143
17237245-6	2007	After 8 wk of treatment with the superoxide scavenger Tempol, 12-wk-old db/db mice had lower superoxide production, reduced plasma glucose and lipids, and lower BMP-4 and OPN protein expression when compared with nontreated mice.	Superoxides	33-43	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Mus musculus	171-174
17395009-1	2007	Human recombinant MnSOD and CuZnSOD were both inactivated when exposed to simultaneous fluxes of superoxide (JO(2)(*-)) and nitric oxide (J*NO).	Superoxides	97-107	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	18-23
16788136-1	2007	It is unknown if endothelin-A and -B receptors (ET(A)R and ET(B)R) activate the production of superoxide via NAD(P)H oxidase and subsequently stimulate the formation of cyclic adenine diphosphate ribose (cADPR) in afferent arterioles.	Superoxides	94-104	endothelin receptor type A	Rattus norvegicus	48-54
16788136-1	2007	It is unknown if endothelin-A and -B receptors (ET(A)R and ET(B)R) activate the production of superoxide via NAD(P)H oxidase and subsequently stimulate the formation of cyclic adenine diphosphate ribose (cADPR) in afferent arterioles.	Superoxides	94-104	endothelin receptor type B	Rattus norvegicus	59-65
16788136-12	2007	We conclude that ET(A)R activation of afferent arterioles increases the formation of superoxide that accounts for approximately 60% of subsequent Ca(2+) signaling.	Superoxides	85-95	endothelin receptor type A	Rattus norvegicus	17-23
16788136-13	2007	ET(B)R activation appears to result in only minor increases in superoxide production.	Superoxides	63-73	endothelin receptor type B	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
17115888-4	2007	An hypothesis is that Rac1 may act as an important regulator of vascular O2*- production, contributing to the balance between O2*- and NO* and maintaining consequent homeostasis of blood pressure.	Superoxides	73-77	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	22-26
17115888-4	2007	An hypothesis is that Rac1 may act as an important regulator of vascular O2*- production, contributing to the balance between O2*- and NO* and maintaining consequent homeostasis of blood pressure.	Superoxides	126-130	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	22-26
17082491-7	2007	siRNA against nox4 reduced NADPH-driven superoxide production in serum-deprived VSMCs and downregulated SM-alpha actin, SM-MHC, and calponin, as well as SM-alpha actin stress fibers.	Superoxides	40-50	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	14-18
16920193-1	2007	Activation of the superoxide forming respiratory burst oxidase of human neutrophils, crucial in host defence, requires the cytosolic proteins p47phox and p67phox which translocate to the plasma membrane upon cell stimulation and activate flavocytochrome b558, the redox centre of this enzyme system.	Superoxides	18-28	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	154-161
17183702-10	2006	The reduction of tellurite by bovine catalase occurs at the expense of producing the highly reactive superoxide radical.	Superoxides	101-119	catalase	Bos taurus	37-45
17064681-6	2006	These findings suggest that vascular O(2)(-) overproduction via gp91phox-containing NADPH oxidase is one of the crucial factors in the development of DOCA-salt-induced hypertension.	Superoxides	37-42	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	64-72
17157182-1	2006	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD, SOD2) is an essential primary antioxidant enzyme which converts superoxide radical to hydrogen peroxide within the mitochondrial matrix.	Superoxides	103-121	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
17157182-1	2006	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD, SOD2) is an essential primary antioxidant enzyme which converts superoxide radical to hydrogen peroxide within the mitochondrial matrix.	Superoxides	103-121	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
17157182-1	2006	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD, SOD2) is an essential primary antioxidant enzyme which converts superoxide radical to hydrogen peroxide within the mitochondrial matrix.	Superoxides	103-121	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	39-43
17157182-11	2006	Our data indicate that inactivation of MnSOD in receptor-mediated apoptosis by caspase-specific degradation would render the mitochondria sensitive to the steady-state production of superoxide, decrease the steady-state flux of H(2)O(2), expedite the loss of mitochondrial function, and potentiate apoptosis.	Superoxides	182-192	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	39-44
17081080-7	2006	Kallistatin delivery promoted cardiac endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation and increased nitric oxide (NO) formation, but inhibited NADH oxidase activity, p22phox expression, and superoxide production.	Superoxides	187-197	serine (or cysteine) proteinase inhibitor, clade A, member 3C	Rattus norvegicus	0-11
17065240-7	2006	In transfected HK-2 cells, RNA interference-mediated silencing of AATF exacerbated whereas overexpression of the full-length AATF ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction, accumulation of superoxide and peroxynitrite, lipid peroxidation, caspase-3 activation, and apoptotic death that were induced by IRI.	Superoxides	185-195	apoptosis antagonizing transcription factor	Homo sapiens	125-129
17165602-4	2006	Manganese plays significant role in the free radical defense system as MnSOD, which protects the endothelial and red blood cells and mitochondria from the damage caused by superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	172-182	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	71-76
17015180-1	2006	The principal source of hydrogen peroxide in mitochondria is thought to be from the dismutation of superoxide via the enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD).	Superoxides	99-109	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	125-155
17015180-1	2006	The principal source of hydrogen peroxide in mitochondria is thought to be from the dismutation of superoxide via the enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD).	Superoxides	99-109	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	157-162
16616784-3	2006	Recently, a novel family of proteins (Nox1, 2 and 4) that act as the catalytic subunit of the superoxide (O2-) producing enzyme NADPH-oxidase has been discovered in vascular cells.	Superoxides	94-104	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	38-51
16820786-4	2006	Significant increases in O(2)(-) production with IFN-gamma were completely abolished by the flavin-containing enzyme inhibitor, diphenyleneiodonium (10 micromol/l), and the Janus-activated kinase (JAK)2 inhibitor, AG490 (100 micromol/l).	Superoxides	25-30	Janus kinase 2	Homo sapiens	173-202
16706650-3	2006	Of the several ECTO-NOX proteins now known, one is a novel cell surface form (arNOX) associated with lymphocytes, sera, saliva and perspiration of patients of age 50 or older and is capable of directly reducing ferric cytochrome c through the generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	257-267	tripartite motif containing 33	Homo sapiens	15-19
16706650-4	2006	Because of their cell surface location, ECTO-NOX proteins capable of superoxide generation in response to aging would serve to propagate the aging cascade both to adjacent cells and to oxidize circulating lipoproteins.	Superoxides	69-79	tripartite motif containing 33	Homo sapiens	40-44
16709900-6	2006	Superoxide and the oxylipid product 8-isoprostaglandin F(2) alpha-isoprostane (8-IsoP) were increased by OPN treatment, and anti-OPN antibody suppressed 8-IsoP production.	Superoxides	0-10	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Mus musculus	105-108
16709900-6	2006	Superoxide and the oxylipid product 8-isoprostaglandin F(2) alpha-isoprostane (8-IsoP) were increased by OPN treatment, and anti-OPN antibody suppressed 8-IsoP production.	Superoxides	0-10	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Mus musculus	129-132
16709900-8	2006	Superoxide, 8-IsoP, and NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2) subunits were reduced in OPN(-/-) AMFs.	Superoxides	0-10	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Mus musculus	72-75
16709900-14	2006	Thus, OPN provides a paracrine signal that augments vascular pro-MMP9 activity, mediated in part via superoxide generation and oxylipid formation.	Superoxides	101-111	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Mus musculus	6-9
16709900-14	2006	Thus, OPN provides a paracrine signal that augments vascular pro-MMP9 activity, mediated in part via superoxide generation and oxylipid formation.	Superoxides	101-111	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Mus musculus	61-69
16532036-4	2006	Here, we show that both a flavoprotein inhibitor, diphenylene iodonium (DPI), and small interfering RNAs designed to target Nox4 mRNA (siNox4RNAs) inhibited superoxide production in PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cells, and depletion of ROS by DPI or siNox4RNAs induced apoptosis.	Superoxides	157-167	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	124-128
16712820-7	2006	Finally, co-oxidation of 6-OHDA by COX-2 triggered production of superoxide radicals critical for both propagation of 6-OHDA oxidation and induction of oxidative stress in COX-2 overexpressing cells.	Superoxides	65-84	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	35-40
16712820-7	2006	Finally, co-oxidation of 6-OHDA by COX-2 triggered production of superoxide radicals critical for both propagation of 6-OHDA oxidation and induction of oxidative stress in COX-2 overexpressing cells.	Superoxides	65-84	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	172-177
16506247-3	2006	The antioxidant enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) catalyzes the dismutation of the superoxide anions into hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	94-111	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	23-53
16506247-3	2006	The antioxidant enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) catalyzes the dismutation of the superoxide anions into hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	94-111	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	55-59
16735966-1	2006	OBJECTIVE: Lymphocyte 5"-nucleotidase is sensitive to superoxide anion, and is an indicator of oxidative stress in humans.	Superoxides	54-70	5'-nucleotidase ecto	Homo sapiens	22-37
16458347-1	2006	INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), an enzyme that catalyzes superoxide radical quenching, is hypothesized to protect against premature aging.	Superoxides	38-48	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	60-65
16497987-10	2006	Rather, our findings indicated that superoxide (O2*-), in combination with NO, regulated SREBP activation by Ox-PAPC.	Superoxides	36-46	CCHC-type zinc finger nucleic acid binding protein	Homo sapiens	89-94
16497987-10	2006	Rather, our findings indicated that superoxide (O2*-), in combination with NO, regulated SREBP activation by Ox-PAPC.	Superoxides	48-52	CCHC-type zinc finger nucleic acid binding protein	Homo sapiens	89-94
16412983-5	2006	Exogenously added catalase also protected cells from Cu[DEDTC]2, suggesting that this complex may kill after the levels of superoxide anion [O2*-] dismutated by MnSOD increase hydrogen peroxide-related stress.	Superoxides	123-139	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	161-166
16412983-5	2006	Exogenously added catalase also protected cells from Cu[DEDTC]2, suggesting that this complex may kill after the levels of superoxide anion [O2*-] dismutated by MnSOD increase hydrogen peroxide-related stress.	Superoxides	141-143	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	161-166
16227321-8	2006	In endothelium-intact pulmonary arteries, the ETB receptor protein was reduced after 4 h of exposure to hypoxia, exogenous superoxide anions, or ET-1.	Superoxides	123-140	endothelin receptor type B	Rattus norvegicus	46-49
16227321-13	2006	A hypoxia-induced production of superoxide anions may increase ET-1 release from the endothelium and result in downregulation of ETB receptors on smooth muscle.	Superoxides	32-49	endothelin receptor type B	Rattus norvegicus	129-132
16284087-2	2006	One of the sources of superoxide anion is xanthine oxidase (XO), but its contribution to renal endothelial function in HC remains unclear.	Superoxides	22-38	xanthine dehydrogenase	Sus scrofa	42-58
16284087-2	2006	One of the sources of superoxide anion is xanthine oxidase (XO), but its contribution to renal endothelial function in HC remains unclear.	Superoxides	22-38	xanthine dehydrogenase	Sus scrofa	60-62
16510607-1	2006	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) converts the superoxide anion into H(2)O(2), which, unless it is detoxified by glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1), can increase hepatic iron and can react with iron to form genotoxic compounds.	Superoxides	52-68	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
16510607-1	2006	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) converts the superoxide anion into H(2)O(2), which, unless it is detoxified by glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1), can increase hepatic iron and can react with iron to form genotoxic compounds.	Superoxides	52-68	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
16505017-7	2006	The production of superoxide in cell-free preparations was assessed by measurement of NADPH-dependent superoxide dismutase (SOD)-inhibitable cytochrome c reduction and by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) with a superoxide specific spin trap.	Superoxides	18-28	cytochrome c	Oryctolagus cuniculus	141-153
16505017-7	2006	The production of superoxide in cell-free preparations was assessed by measurement of NADPH-dependent superoxide dismutase (SOD)-inhibitable cytochrome c reduction and by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) with a superoxide specific spin trap.	Superoxides	102-112	cytochrome c	Oryctolagus cuniculus	141-153
33508742-4	2021	Meg3 knockdown induces cellular senescence of endothelial cells characterized by increased senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity, increased levels of endogenous superoxide, impaired mitochondrial structure and function, and impaired autophagy.	Superoxides	173-183	maternally expressed 3	Mus musculus	0-4
33684094-8	2021	Activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were increased by Na2SeO3 and Se+SIN1 (P<0.001).	Superoxides	14-24	squalene epoxidase	Homo sapiens	83-85
33746979-1	2021	Chronic granulomatous Disease (CGD) is a rare innate immunodeficiency disorder caused by mutations in one of the six genes (CYBA, CYBB, NCF1, NCF2, NCF4, and CYBC1/EROS) encoding the superoxide-producing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-oxidase complex in phagocytes.	Superoxides	183-193	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	124-128
33243512-7	2021	Meanwhile, elevated superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH), coupled with decreased alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PC) were observed in serum and liver tissues of mice by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test.	Superoxides	20-30	glutamic pyruvic transaminase, soluble	Mus musculus	93-117
33243512-7	2021	Meanwhile, elevated superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH), coupled with decreased alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PC) were observed in serum and liver tissues of mice by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test.	Superoxides	20-30	glutamic pyruvic transaminase, soluble	Mus musculus	119-122
33243512-7	2021	Meanwhile, elevated superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH), coupled with decreased alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PC) were observed in serum and liver tissues of mice by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test.	Superoxides	20-30	solute carrier family 17 (anion/sugar transporter), member 5	Mus musculus	125-151
33243512-7	2021	Meanwhile, elevated superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH), coupled with decreased alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PC) were observed in serum and liver tissues of mice by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test.	Superoxides	20-30	solute carrier family 17 (anion/sugar transporter), member 5	Mus musculus	153-156
33732696-6	2021	The pharmacological dissociation of the GSTP1-JNK heterocomplex resulted in the activation of JNK, which led to a significant decrease in sperm viability, motility, mitochondrial activity, and plasma membrane stability, as well as to an increase of intracellular superoxides.	Superoxides	263-274	glutathione S-transferase P-like	Sus scrofa	40-45
33541361-9	2021	RESULTS: Overexpression of SIRT3 in the CA1 region attenuated anesthesia/surgery-induced learning and memory dysfunction as well as synaptic plasticity dysfunction and the oxidative stress response (superoxide dismutase [SOD] and malondialdehyde [MDA]) in aged mice with POCD.	Superoxides	199-209	sirtuin 3	Mus musculus	27-32
33641449-6	2021	Serum ANGPTL4 levels were positively correlated with superoxide dismutase and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, and negatively correlated with the CHA2DS2-VASC score, left atrial diameter, and levels of brain natriuretic peptide, malondialdehyde, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6.	Superoxides	53-63	angiopoietin like 4	Homo sapiens	6-13
33501847-6	2021	Components of pepper, piperine and beta-caryophyllene were found to interact with superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] and apoptotic protease-activating factor-1-caspase-9 through different amino acids via H-bonds.	Superoxides	82-92	caspase 9	Homo sapiens	154-163
33344504-9	2020	In skeletal muscle IRAP inhibitor treatment up-regulated enzymes of antioxidant defense system - superoxide dismutase 1 and 2 and improved insulin signal transduction pathway.	Superoxides	97-107	leucyl and cystinyl aminopeptidase	Rattus norvegicus	19-23
32721518-7	2020	In contrast, ArcB downregulates sodA, therefore, an inverse correlation (r = -0.86, p = 0.013) between superoxide production and sodA expression was observed.	Superoxides	103-113	hypothetical protein	Escherichia coli	13-17
32758662-4	2020	Superoxide is produced by the phagocyte NADPH oxidase, a complex enzyme composed of two membrane subunits, gp91phox or NOX2 and p22phox, and four cytosolic components p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and Rac2.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	128-135
32758662-4	2020	Superoxide is produced by the phagocyte NADPH oxidase, a complex enzyme composed of two membrane subunits, gp91phox or NOX2 and p22phox, and four cytosolic components p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and Rac2.	Superoxides	0-10	neutrophil cytosolic factor 4	Homo sapiens	185-192
32494847-4	2020	We found that the defect in endothelial sirtuin 1 deacetylase activity is associated with (a) elevated basal and stimulated levels of superoxide generation (via the FoxO1 over-acetylation mechanism) and (b) increased nuclear translocation of NF-kB (via p65 over-acetylation mechanism).	Superoxides	134-144	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	40-49
32512497-2	2020	Herein we report that increase in intracellular superoxide induces phospho-stabilization and activation of c-Myc in cancer cells.	Superoxides	48-58	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	107-112
32512497-3	2020	Importantly, sustained phospho-S62 c-Myc was necessary for promoting superoxide dependent chemoresistance as non-phosphorylatable S62A c-Myc was insensitive to the redox impact when subjected to chemotherapeutic insults.	Superoxides	69-79	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	37-40
32512497-3	2020	Importantly, sustained phospho-S62 c-Myc was necessary for promoting superoxide dependent chemoresistance as non-phosphorylatable S62A c-Myc was insensitive to the redox impact when subjected to chemotherapeutic insults.	Superoxides	69-79	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	35-40
32512497-4	2020	This redox-dependent sustained S62 phosphorylation occurs through nitrative inhibition of phosphatase, PP2A, brought about by peroxynitrite, a reaction product of superoxide and nitric oxide.	Superoxides	163-173	protein phosphatase 2 phosphatase activator	Homo sapiens	103-107
32509148-5	2020	Exogenous FNDC5 attenuated Ang II-induced superoxide generation, NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) and NLRP3 upregulation, mature caspase-1, and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) production in A7R5 cells.	Superoxides	42-52	fibronectin type III domain containing 5	Rattus norvegicus	10-15
31943079-5	2020	Culturing cells in historic O2 atmospheres (30-35%) increased the qE of cells, due to increased LHCSR1 and PsbS levels, and LHCSR3 in WT, showing that atmospheric O2 tensions regulate qE capacity.	Superoxides	28-30	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	96-102
31943079-5	2020	Culturing cells in historic O2 atmospheres (30-35%) increased the qE of cells, due to increased LHCSR1 and PsbS levels, and LHCSR3 in WT, showing that atmospheric O2 tensions regulate qE capacity.	Superoxides	28-30	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	124-130
31943079-5	2020	Culturing cells in historic O2 atmospheres (30-35%) increased the qE of cells, due to increased LHCSR1 and PsbS levels, and LHCSR3 in WT, showing that atmospheric O2 tensions regulate qE capacity.	Superoxides	163-165	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	96-102
31943079-5	2020	Culturing cells in historic O2 atmospheres (30-35%) increased the qE of cells, due to increased LHCSR1 and PsbS levels, and LHCSR3 in WT, showing that atmospheric O2 tensions regulate qE capacity.	Superoxides	163-165	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	124-130
31943079-9	2020	However, LHCSR3 has an important function in protecting PSI against O2-mediated damage, e.g. via RES.	Superoxides	68-70	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	9-15
32041085-5	2020	Activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and catalase (CAT) were markedly altered in most of the individual and pesticide mixture treatments compared with the control.	Superoxides	20-30	catalase	Danio rerio	42-61
31203730-1	2020	The superoxide-generating activity of Nox5 is regulated by Ca2+ flux, primarily through its self-contained calcium binding domain (EFD).	Superoxides	4-14	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	38-42
31775551-7	2020	The concentrations of interleukin-1beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) showed dose- and time-dependent increases and the levels of these inflammatory mediators are consistent with the data of inflammatory cells in BALF and progressive lung damages by In2O3 NPs.	Superoxides	328-333	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Rattus norvegicus	74-108
32046944-5	2020	In contrast, high concentrations of Abeta (10 muM) along with high levels of superoxide production remarkably attenuated accumulation of p-Ser422 Tau, but augmented ACL expression and activated sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1), leading to cellular senescence.	Superoxides	77-87	sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1	Mus musculus	194-237
32046944-5	2020	In contrast, high concentrations of Abeta (10 muM) along with high levels of superoxide production remarkably attenuated accumulation of p-Ser422 Tau, but augmented ACL expression and activated sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1), leading to cellular senescence.	Superoxides	77-87	sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1	Mus musculus	239-245
32339785-2	2020	Studies suggest that the regulatory EF-hand binding domain (REFBD) and phosphorylatable (PhosR) sequences within DH play an important role in Nox5"s superoxide-generating activity.	Superoxides	149-159	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	142-146
32062149-6	2020	In the second catalytic stage, IrRu NPs in IrRu-GOx@PEG NPs catalyzed the upstream endogenous H2O2 to highly toxic singlet oxygen 1O2 and O2.	Superoxides	96-98	hydroxyacid oxidase 1, liver	Mus musculus	48-51
32020293-2	2020	The complexes with two chloride ligands (C2 and C3) were more reactive toward proteins than those with only one (C1 and C4), and the complex with S,N-chelating ligand (C4) was less reactive than one with O,N-chelating ligand (C1).	Superoxides	204-207	complement C2	Homo sapiens	41-50
31924036-1	2020	A novel NBent-NTiO2-Chit nanocomposite has been synthesized from the crosslinking combination of nanotitanium oxide-chitosan (NTiO2-Chit) and nanotitanium oxide-bentonite (NTiO2-Bent) via formaldehyde.	Superoxides	14-19	chitinase 1	Homo sapiens	20-24
31924036-2	2020	The characterization of NBent-NTiO2-Chit was confirmed by different instrumentations.	Superoxides	30-35	chitinase 1	Homo sapiens	36-40
31924036-4	2020	The FT-IR of NBent-NTiO2-Chit confirmed the presence of OH, N-H, Si-O-Al and Si-O-Si functional groups.	Superoxides	19-24	chitinase 1	Homo sapiens	25-29
31924036-5	2020	Four thermal degradation steps were characterized from the TGA of NBent-NTiO2-Chit with a total loss = 23.514% in the temperature range 30-600  C. The assembled nanocomposite enhanced the removal of two important classes of antibiotics including Levofloxacin (LEVO) Ceftriaxone (CFT) in the forms of Fluoroquinolone and Cephalosporin, respectively.	Superoxides	72-77	chitinase 1	Homo sapiens	78-82
31924036-8	2020	The enhancement in removal percentage of LEVO to 92.4% was mainly established by increasing the dose of NBent-NTiO2-Chit to 60.0 mg.	Superoxides	110-115	chitinase 1	Homo sapiens	116-120
31924036-11	2020	The thermodynamics parameters of NBent-NTiO2-Chit were evaluated and referred that the reaction is spontaneous and endothermic.	Superoxides	39-44	chitinase 1	Homo sapiens	45-49
31924036-12	2020	The kinetic studies of NBent-NTiO2-Chit with LEVO and CFT antibiotics were better fitted by the pseudo-second-order based on the acquired R2 values as 0.999 and 0.997 for LEVO and CFT, respectively.	Superoxides	29-34	chitinase 1	Homo sapiens	35-39
31924036-13	2020	The results proved that the designed NBent-NTiO2-Chit was successively implemented for extraction of LEVO and CFT from industrial wastewater providing percentage values 83.2 and 79.0% using 10.0 and 150.0 +- 1.0 mg NBent-NTiO2-Chit, respectively.	Superoxides	43-48	chitinase 1	Homo sapiens	49-53
31924036-13	2020	The results proved that the designed NBent-NTiO2-Chit was successively implemented for extraction of LEVO and CFT from industrial wastewater providing percentage values 83.2 and 79.0% using 10.0 and 150.0 +- 1.0 mg NBent-NTiO2-Chit, respectively.	Superoxides	43-48	chitinase 1	Homo sapiens	227-231
31924036-13	2020	The results proved that the designed NBent-NTiO2-Chit was successively implemented for extraction of LEVO and CFT from industrial wastewater providing percentage values 83.2 and 79.0% using 10.0 and 150.0 +- 1.0 mg NBent-NTiO2-Chit, respectively.	Superoxides	221-226	chitinase 1	Homo sapiens	49-53
31883448-5	2020	Superoxide dismutase activity was increased by Met-SO and Met (1 and 2 mM) + Met-SO (P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	0-10	granzyme M	Homo sapiens	47-73
31833100-5	2020	This unique SERS activity allows the recycling of the substrate through H 2 O 2 -based Fenton-like reaction.	Superoxides	74-79	seryl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	12-16
31989982-6	2020	The results showed that the KMnO4-modification resulted in a successful loading of the vermicompost biochar with MnO2, which greatly improved its adsorption capacity for Cd2+.	Superoxides	28-33	CD2 molecule	Homo sapiens	170-173
31989982-10	2020	Hence, KMnO4 modification has a significant effect on the Cd2+ adsorption behavior of vermicompost biochar.	Superoxides	7-12	CD2 molecule	Homo sapiens	58-61
31971173-1	2020	The O2 reactivity of an artificial biomolecular hydrogenase, the nickel binding protein (NBP) is investigated.	Superoxides	4-6	NUBP iron-sulfur cluster assembly factor 1, cytosolic	Homo sapiens	65-87
31971173-1	2020	The O2 reactivity of an artificial biomolecular hydrogenase, the nickel binding protein (NBP) is investigated.	Superoxides	4-6	NUBP iron-sulfur cluster assembly factor 1, cytosolic	Homo sapiens	89-92
31971173-4	2020	Computational studies provided insight into the S oxygenation and the reaction intermediates of a proposed mechanistic pathway for O2 activation by NBP.	Superoxides	131-133	NUBP iron-sulfur cluster assembly factor 1, cytosolic	Homo sapiens	148-151
31780259-9	2020	beta-arrestin2 knockout mice exhibited stronger tolerance in oxidative stress compared with wild-type mice, which was demonstrated by decreased ROS level and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) in the liver.	Superoxides	168-178	arrestin, beta 2	Mus musculus	0-14
31850803-5	2020	MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Unlike control cells, BMPR2 mutant cardiomyocytes have reduced metabolic plasticity as indicated by reduced mitochondrial respiration with increased mitochondrial superoxide production.	Superoxides	194-204	bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2	Homo sapiens	53-58
31901883-8	2020	In addition, AtTrx-h2-overexpressing transgenic plants exhibited lower levels of hydrogen peroxide and higher activities of antioxidant enzymes including peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase, compared with the plants expressing the empty vector control or AtTrx-h3.	Superoxides	180-190	thioredoxin 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	13-21
31901727-5	2020	Down-regulation of Raptor expression increased mitochondrial ROS production, and mitochondria specific superoxide scavengers prevented USP27x-mediated stabilization of Bim by inhibition of Cat K.	Superoxides	103-113	ubiquitin specific peptidase 27 X-linked	Homo sapiens	135-141
31901727-5	2020	Down-regulation of Raptor expression increased mitochondrial ROS production, and mitochondria specific superoxide scavengers prevented USP27x-mediated stabilization of Bim by inhibition of Cat K.	Superoxides	103-113	cathepsin K	Homo sapiens	189-194
31867480-5	2019	The two Co(II) ions in Co2 were in the N2O4 and NO5 coordination environment and were linked by two mu2-OAc- bridges and one rare mu3-OAc- bridge.	Superoxides	39-43	complement C2	Homo sapiens	23-26
31724336-1	2019	Although the high energy density and environmental benignancy of LiNi0.8 Co0.15 Al0.05 O2 (NCA) holds promise for use as cathode material in Li-ion batteries, present low rate capabilities, and fast capacity fade limit its broad commercial applications.	Superoxides	87-89	CEA cell adhesion molecule 6	Homo sapiens	91-94
31871555-6	2019	Treatment with neutrophil elastase inhibitors, either sivelestat sodium hydrate or SERPINB1, effectively reduced lung naphthol-positive cells and BALF inflammatory cell content, increased expression of lung HO-1 and tight junction proteins ZO-1 and occludin, and increased the activity of superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	289-299	serpin family B member 1A	Rattus norvegicus	83-91
31682627-3	2019	TNF-alpha-induced expression of TSLP in human keratinocyte HaCaT and in mouse keratinocyte PAM212 cell lines were inhibited under hypoxic condition (1% O2), although the mRNA expressions of TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, and VEGF-A were not inhibited.	Superoxides	152-154	thymic stromal lymphopoietin	Homo sapiens	32-36
31389735-0	2019	Potential Role of Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein in the Modulation of Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle Superoxide by Hypoxia.	Superoxides	108-118	cartilage oligomeric matrix protein	Bos taurus	18-53
31389735-4	2019	Knockdown of COMP by siRNA increased BPA levels of mitochondrial and extra-mitochondrial superoxide detected by MitoSOX and dihydroethidium (DHE) HPLC products.	Superoxides	89-99	cartilage oligomeric matrix protein	Bos taurus	13-17
31389735-7	2019	In the presence of COMP, BMPR2 siRNA treated BPA showed increases in superoxide detected by MitoSOX and depletion of SOD2.	Superoxides	69-79	cartilage oligomeric matrix protein	Bos taurus	19-23
31736979-3	2019	Superoxide anion is produced by the phagocyte NADPH oxidase/NOX2, a multicomponent enzyme system consisting of six proteins: two trans-membrane proteins (gp91 phox and p22 phox ) and four soluble cytosolic proteins (p40 phox , p67 phox , p47 phox , and the small G-proteins, Rac1/2).	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	168-176
31736979-3	2019	Superoxide anion is produced by the phagocyte NADPH oxidase/NOX2, a multicomponent enzyme system consisting of six proteins: two trans-membrane proteins (gp91 phox and p22 phox ) and four soluble cytosolic proteins (p40 phox , p67 phox , p47 phox , and the small G-proteins, Rac1/2).	Superoxides	0-16	neutrophil cytosolic factor 4	Homo sapiens	216-224
31736979-12	2019	These results suggest that the prolyl cis/trans isomerase Pin1 may control LPS-induced priming of superoxide production in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	98-108	peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase, NIMA-interacting 1	Homo sapiens	58-62
31466719-12	2019	PDIA3-/- mice following TBI showed attenuated oxidative stress, as proved by the restored superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) activities, and the down-regulated malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in brain samples.	Superoxides	90-100	protein disulfide isomerase associated 3	Mus musculus	0-5
31313616-7	2019	DJ-1 knockdown in human primary ATII cells sensitized cells to mitochondrial dysfunction as detected by high mitochondrial superoxide production, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and calcium elevation.	Superoxides	123-133	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	0-4
31248984-5	2019	ET-1 has been reported to mediate superoxide formation in the vascular system via NADPH oxidase (NOX) and to regulate the actin cytoskeleton of cancer cell lines via the cofilin pathway.	Superoxides	34-44	endothelin 1	Mus musculus	0-4
31248984-11	2019	In conclusion, our findings suggest a role for ETB in neurodegeneration by promoting cofilin rod formation and dendritic loss via NOX-driven superoxide formation and cofilin activation.	Superoxides	141-151	endothelin receptor type B	Mus musculus	47-50
31701714-9	2019	Compared with 21% O2 group, the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, CAT, HO-1, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were increased significantly (P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was lower (P&lt;0.01) in 12%O2 group cells; only the expression of GPX-1 mRNA was increased (P&lt;0.05) in 8%O2 group; the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were decreased significantly(P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was higher (P&lt;0.01) in 5%O2 group.	Superoxides	18-20	glutathione peroxidase 1	Mus musculus	120-125
31701714-9	2019	Compared with 21% O2 group, the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, CAT, HO-1, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were increased significantly (P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was lower (P&lt;0.01) in 12%O2 group cells; only the expression of GPX-1 mRNA was increased (P&lt;0.05) in 8%O2 group; the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were decreased significantly(P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was higher (P&lt;0.01) in 5%O2 group.	Superoxides	18-20	glutathione peroxidase 1	Mus musculus	267-272
31701714-9	2019	Compared with 21% O2 group, the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, CAT, HO-1, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were increased significantly (P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was lower (P&lt;0.01) in 12%O2 group cells; only the expression of GPX-1 mRNA was increased (P&lt;0.05) in 8%O2 group; the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were decreased significantly(P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was higher (P&lt;0.01) in 5%O2 group.	Superoxides	18-20	glutathione peroxidase 1	Mus musculus	267-272
31083380-10	2019	We found that knockdown of NgBR resulted in MAM disruption and augmented the phosphorylation of IP3R3 through pAkt, accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction including decreased Ca2+m, respiration and mitochondrial superoxide, increased mitochondrial membrane potential and HIF-1alpha nuclear localization, which were determined by confocal microscopy and Seahorse XF-96 analyzer.	Superoxides	214-224	NUS1 dehydrodolichyl diphosphate synthase subunit	Rattus norvegicus	27-31
30848893-6	2019	The biological functional assessments revealed that the modifications inhibited the activity of TPIS and induced the activity of ENOA, in vitro and in vivo, followed by an increase in the level of cellular methylglyoxal, advanced glycation end products, and reactive oxygen species/superoxide, and the induction of mitochondrial dysfunction, which further inhibited oxidative phosphorylation and stimulated glycolysis.	Superoxides	282-292	enolase 1	Homo sapiens	129-133
30733333-10	2019	O-GlcNAcylation enhanced cellular respiration and promoted mitochondrial superoxide levels in WT cells, and 4E-BP1/2 deletion prevented O-GlcNAcylation-induced mitochondrial superoxide in cells in culture and in the retina.	Superoxides	174-184	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1	Mus musculus	108-116
30594624-4	2019	In vascular endothelial cells, NO donor (diethylenetriamine/nitric oxide adduct) significantly attenuated NADPH oxidase-derived O2- generation via a HO-1-dependent mechanism.	Superoxides	128-130	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	149-153
30760703-7	2019	Transfection of Rac1G12V active mutant into HKE3 cells induced PDIA1 to become restrictive of Nox1-dependent superoxide, while in HCT116 cells treated with Rac1 inhibitor, PDIA1 became supportive of superoxide.	Superoxides	109-119	prolyl 4-hydroxylase, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	63-68
30173356-5	2019	Expression of the downstream signaling molecule of PPAR-alpha, the mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), was up-regulated in the baroreflex afferent pathway under similar experimental conditions, along with amelioration of reduced superoxide dismutase activity and increased superoxide in HFD rats.	Superoxides	236-246	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Rattus norvegicus	51-61
30303710-1	2019	Extracellular superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3), one member of the antioxidant defense system and a superoxide scavenger, has been noted to be downregulated in the kidneys of diabetic mice and is characterized by a heparin-binding domain that can anchor the protein to the endothelium and extracellular matrix.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	38-42
30551468-10	2019	Production of general reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial superoxide in MM or CBL was detected after scutellarein treatment, which was reduced by MitoTEMPO or apocynin treatment, respectively.	Superoxides	64-74	Casitas B-lineage lymphoma	Mus musculus	84-87
31172470-6	2019	NOX3 constitutively produces superoxide, which is enhanced by regulatory proteins such as p47phox, NOXO1, and p67phox.	Superoxides	29-39	NADPH oxidase 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
31172470-6	2019	NOX3 constitutively produces superoxide, which is enhanced by regulatory proteins such as p47phox, NOXO1, and p67phox.	Superoxides	29-39	NADPH oxidase organizer 1	Homo sapiens	99-104
30394045-6	2018	Moreover, the atg1 and atg8 mutants aggregated more H2O2 and O2 - than the wild-type yeast.	Superoxides	54-56	serine/threonine protein kinase ATG1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	14-18
30394045-7	2018	In addition, inhibitors of the ROS scavenging enzyme induced expression of the ATG1 and ATG8 genes by increasing the levels of H2O2 and O2 -.	Superoxides	129-131	serine/threonine protein kinase ATG1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	79-83
30394045-8	2018	In contrast, glutathione (GSH) and N-acetylcystine (NAC) decreased the ATG1 and ATG8 expression by reducing H2O2 and O2 - production.	Superoxides	110-112	serine/threonine protein kinase ATG1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	71-75
30098377-6	2018	In addition, NLRP3 KO inhibited expression of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) and NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) and superoxide production in diabetic kidneys.	Superoxides	117-127	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	13-18
30317185-8	2018	siRNA-mediated NOX3 downregulation also prevented cytokine-induced superoxide generation and lipolysis.	Superoxides	67-77	NADPH oxidase 3	Homo sapiens	15-19
30317185-10	2018	We conclude that NOX3 is a cytokine-inducible superoxide-generating enzyme in adipocytes, which promotes lipolysis through increasing phosphorylation of HSL.	Superoxides	46-56	NADPH oxidase 3	Homo sapiens	17-21
30317185-11	2018	This suggests a key role for NOX3-mediated superoxide production in the increased adipocyte lipolysis in inflammatory settings.	Superoxides	43-53	NADPH oxidase 3	Homo sapiens	29-33
30504838-8	2018	Neurons expressing either GluN2B subunits or chimeric GluN2A/GluN2B C-terminus subunits exhibited NMDA-induced superoxide production, whereas neurons expressing chimeric GluN2B/GluN2A C-terminus subunits did not.	Superoxides	111-121	glutamate receptor, ionotropic, NMDA2B (epsilon 2)	Mus musculus	61-67
30504838-8	2018	Neurons expressing either GluN2B subunits or chimeric GluN2A/GluN2B C-terminus subunits exhibited NMDA-induced superoxide production, whereas neurons expressing chimeric GluN2B/GluN2A C-terminus subunits did not.	Superoxides	111-121	glutamate receptor, ionotropic, NMDA2B (epsilon 2)	Mus musculus	61-67
30222979-3	2018	Using recombinant human enzyme, we discovered that cytochrome b5 reductase mediates redox cycling of a variety of quinones generating superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and, in the presence of transition metals, hydroxyl radicals.	Superoxides	134-150	cytochrome b5 type A	Homo sapiens	51-64
29953890-6	2018	MP1 possessed a moderate antioxidant activity in vitro in DPPH, ABTS, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals scavenging, Fe2+ chelating, lipid peroxidation inhibition and reducing power assays.	Superoxides	70-80	pitrilysin metallepetidase 1	Mus musculus	0-3
29949402-6	2018	Using an NADPH oxidase inhibitor and gp91phox-deficient mouse neutrophils, we found that NAPDH oxidase was required for PMA-stimulated superoxide production and that Olfm4 mediated H2O2-induced superoxide production through NADPH oxidase, in mouse neutrophils.	Superoxides	194-204	olfactomedin 4	Mus musculus	166-171
29802924-6	2018	Importantly, fraction RRP1 demonstrated stronger antioxidative activities than RRP2 by scavenging DPPH, hydroxyl and superoxide anion radicals in vitro.	Superoxides	117-142	ribosome binding protein 1	Mus musculus	79-83
30093535-4	2018	Mechanistically, deletion of AKAP1 dysregulates complex II of the electron transport chain, increases superoxide production, and impairs Ca2+ homeostasis in neurons subjected to excitotoxic glutamate.	Superoxides	102-112	A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 1	Mus musculus	29-34
30093535-6	2018	Our results indicate that inhibition of Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission by the outer mitochondrial AKAP1/PKA complex protects neurons from ischemic stroke by maintaining respiratory chain activity, inhibiting superoxide production, and delaying Ca2+ deregulation.	Superoxides	214-224	A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 1	Mus musculus	104-109
30056019-11	2018	This was also followed by low reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), superoxide and autophagy induction levels in the HSP27-KD cells as compared to the control cells.	Superoxides	74-84	heat shock protein family B (small) member 1	Homo sapiens	123-128
29655889-6	2018	TLP-1 from water elution possessed of higher reducing power and scavenging activities against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, superoxide radical and hydroxyl radical than TLP-2 eluted by 0.1M of NaCl.	Superoxides	140-158	cysteine rich protein 3	Homo sapiens	0-3
31565647-6	2018	Moreover, RQ-PCR analysis revealed that the enhanced cytotoxic effect of As2O3 in the presence of melatonin is mediated, at least partly, through suppressing the expression of NF-kappaB anti-apoptotic target genes such as MCL-1, BCL-2, survivin, XIAP, and c-IAP1 in breast cancer cells.	Superoxides	73-78	MCL1 apoptosis regulator, BCL2 family member	Homo sapiens	222-227
29953508-8	2018	Interleukin-1-beta and interferon-gamma also increase mitochondrial superoxide levels (P &lt; 0.05), which may reinforce the inhibition of pyruvate oxidation, and cause a modest (20%) but significant (P &lt; 0.01) loss of INS-1E cells.	Superoxides	68-78	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	23-39
29907654-1	2018	BACKGROUND: NADPH Oxidase 5 (Nox5) is a calcium-sensitive superoxide-generating Nox.	Superoxides	58-68	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	29-33
29750788-6	2018	Consistently, superoxide deficiency, or the administration of a glutathione precursor, rescued CD27- Vgamma6+ gammadelta17 T-cell proliferation in vivo.	Superoxides	14-24	CD27 molecule	Homo sapiens	95-99
29363842-2	2018	In macrophages, GH enhances the production of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anions, nitric oxide, cytokines, and chemokines, including interferon-gamma and macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha.	Superoxides	65-82	growth hormone	Mus musculus	16-18
29529199-5	2018	In this study we explored the hypothesis that superoxide anions participate in the generation of the Parkin and PINK1 associated phenotypic effect by testing the capacity of endogenous and exogenous superoxide dismutating molecules to rescue the toxic effects induced by loss of PINK1 or Parkin, in both cellular and fly models.	Superoxides	46-56	PTEN-induced putative kinase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	112-117
29529199-7	2018	A more pronounced effectiveness for mitochondrial SOD2 activity points to the superoxide radicals generated in the mitochondrial matrix as the prime suspect in the definition of the observed phenotypes.	Superoxides	78-88	Superoxide dismutase 2 (Mn)	Drosophila melanogaster	50-54
29274570-10	2018	These findings identify an essential role for GRX2 in regulating O2 -/H2O2 release from mitochondria in liver and cardiac tissue.	Superoxides	65-67	glutaredoxin 2 (thioltransferase)	Mus musculus	46-50
29274570-11	2018	Our results demonstrate that the GRX2-mediated regulation of O2 -/H2O2 release through the S-glutathionylation of mitochondrial proteins may play an integral role in controlling cellular ROS signaling.	Superoxides	61-63	glutaredoxin 2 (thioltransferase)	Mus musculus	33-37
29191460-5	2018	(iii) The hE1a forms the ThDP-enamine radical from OA according to electron paramagnetic resonance detection in the oxidative half reaction, and could produce superoxide and H2O2 from decarboxylation of OA in the forward physiological direction, as also seen with the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase hE1o component.	Superoxides	159-169	small nucleolar RNA, H/ACA box 73A	Homo sapiens	10-13
29541400-11	2018	In conclusion, our findings have demonstrated that ginsenoside Rh2 induces prostate cancer DU145 cells apoptosis through up-regulation of PPAR-delta expression which is associated with p-STAT3 up-regulation and ROS/superoxide induction.	Superoxides	215-225	Rh associated glycoprotein	Homo sapiens	63-66
33781891-0	2021	Epigenetic silencing of GTP cyclohydrolase 1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma growth by activating superoxide anion-mediated ASK1/p38 signaling via inhibiting tetrahydrobiopterin de novo biosynthesis.	Superoxides	100-116	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Homo sapiens	126-130
33781891-10	2021	Further mechanistic studies found that GCH1 silencing-induced BH4 reduction resulted in an increase of intracellular superoxide anion levels in a dose-dependent manner, which mediated the activation of ASK1/p38 signaling.	Superoxides	117-133	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Homo sapiens	202-206
33781891-11	2021	Collectively, our study reveals that epigenetic silencing of GCH1 promotes HCC growth by activating superoxide anion-mediated ASK1/p38 signaling via inhibiting BH4 de novo biosynthesis, suggesting that targeting GCH1/BH4 pathway may be a promising therapeutic strategy to combat HCC.	Superoxides	100-116	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Homo sapiens	126-130
34040527-9	2021	Both EPR and LCMS studies confirmed a significant increase in the ROS production in the NQO2 overexpressing cells due to the fast reduction of quinone into quinol that can re-oxidize to form superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	191-201	N-ribosyldihydronicotinamide:quinone reductase 2	Homo sapiens	88-92
34040527-11	2021	Whereas NQO2 inhibition decreases the amount of superoxide in the first case by decreasing the amount of quinol formed, it increased the toxicity of menadione in the cells co-expressing both enzymes.	Superoxides	48-58	N-ribosyldihydronicotinamide:quinone reductase 2	Homo sapiens	8-12
33838472-0	2021	Sustained IKKbeta phosphorylation and NF-kappaB activation by superoxide-induced peroxynitrite-mediated nitrotyrosine modification of B56gamma3 and PP2A inactivation.	Superoxides	62-72	protein phosphatase 2 phosphatase activator	Homo sapiens	148-152
33550097-9	2021	Furthermore, capsaicin decreased ox-LDL-induced superoxide anion generation by activating peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha).	Superoxides	48-64	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	90-138
33550097-9	2021	Furthermore, capsaicin decreased ox-LDL-induced superoxide anion generation by activating peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha).	Superoxides	48-64	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	140-149
33693864-12	2021	As compared to the CD group, the HFD group showed an ~80% higher malondialdehyde level, and ~20% lower superoxide dismutase activity (P < 0.05), which were normalized in the HFD + MFGM group.	Superoxides	103-113	milk fat globule EGF and factor V/VIII domain containing	Homo sapiens	180-184
33717152-6	2021	In addition, NLRP3 knockout mice displayed the mitigated microglia activation that elicited by CIH, concomitantly with elimination of damaged mitochondria and reduction of oxidative stress levels (malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase).	Superoxides	217-227	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	13-18
33476796-1	2021	Superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3) is an extracellular protein with the capacity to convert superoxide into hydrogen peroxide, an important secondary messenger in redox regulation.	Superoxides	87-97	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular b	Danio rerio	0-22
33476796-1	2021	Superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3) is an extracellular protein with the capacity to convert superoxide into hydrogen peroxide, an important secondary messenger in redox regulation.	Superoxides	87-97	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular b	Danio rerio	24-28
33546740-6	2021	Similarly, assays of antioxidant activity disclosed that THP had reasonable concentration-dependent hydroxyl radical and superoxide radical scavenging activities, peroxidation inhibition ability and ferrous ion chelating potency, in addition to a significant 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity.	Superoxides	121-139	uromodulin	Mus musculus	57-60
33306445-5	2021	We found that ROS and mitochondrial superoxide production were elevated in PAs isolated from old DM rats and in high glucose (HG)-treated alpha-smooth muscle actin positive pericytes.	Superoxides	36-46	actin gamma 2, smooth muscle	Rattus norvegicus	138-163
31999938-9	2021	MiR-126 overexpression also inhibited reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels and enhanced superoxide dismutase levels, as well as increased angiopoietin (Ang)1 expression and decreased Ang2 expression in H2O2-treated EPCs.	Superoxides	102-112	microRNA 126b	Rattus norvegicus	0-7
32780460-5	2021	In addition, oral administration of E-DRS also increased the content of nonenzymatic antioxidant glutathione (GSH) and the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the liver of mice.	Superoxides	182-192	sushi-repeat-containing protein	Mus musculus	38-41
32450217-1	2020	Discovery of Park2 is our finding of a family of young onset parkinsonism, in which this family was thought to be associated with a polymorphism of the manganese superoxide gene.	Superoxides	162-172	parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase	Homo sapiens	13-18
32967666-10	2020	In a dose-dependent manner, ZnO-NPs upregulated the mRNA levels of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase: SOD1; catalase: CAT; glutathione peroxidase-1: GPX 1) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (interferon alpha: IFN-alpha; interleukin 6: IL-6) in liver and brain tissues.	Superoxides	88-98	superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Coturnix japonica	110-114
32901506-4	2020	Results: Knockdown of miR-96-5p in the presence of naringin was shown to reduce the expression of Foxo1 and contents of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, yet increase lipocalin-2 expression as well as hydroxyproline and malondialdehyde contents.	Superoxides	120-130	microRNA 96	Mus musculus	22-28
32738790-1	2020	NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5) is a transmembrane signaling enzyme that produces superoxide in response to elevated cytosolic calcium.	Superoxides	73-83	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	0-15
32738790-1	2020	NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5) is a transmembrane signaling enzyme that produces superoxide in response to elevated cytosolic calcium.	Superoxides	73-83	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	17-21
32520965-12	2020	beta-glucan upregulated the expression of intestinal occludin mRNA particularly at dose 0.5 beta-glucan as well as upregulated intestinal superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1), which modulates anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.	Superoxides	138-148	superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Oryctolagus cuniculus	162-166
32527005-5	2020	Antioxidant Mn-activated superoxide dismutase (SOD2) and (m)-aconitase activities were increased in HCM vs. CTRL.	Superoxides	25-35	chymotrypsin like	Homo sapiens	108-112
31975462-2	2020	By analyzing gene expressions in a 1 O2 -overproducing Arabidopsis mutant (ch1) under different light regimes, we show here that the 1 O2 signaling pathway involves the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mediated unfolded protein response (UPR).	Superoxides	37-39	Pheophorbide a oxygenase family protein with Rieske 2Fe-2S domain-containing protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	75-78
31975462-2	2020	By analyzing gene expressions in a 1 O2 -overproducing Arabidopsis mutant (ch1) under different light regimes, we show here that the 1 O2 signaling pathway involves the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mediated unfolded protein response (UPR).	Superoxides	135-137	Pheophorbide a oxygenase family protein with Rieske 2Fe-2S domain-containing protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	75-78
31975462-3	2020	ch1 plants in low light exhibited a moderate activation of UPR genes, in particular bZIP60, and low concentrations of the UPR-inducer tunicamycin enhanced tolerance to photooxidative stress, together suggesting a role for UPR in plant acclimation to low 1 O2 levels.	Superoxides	256-258	Pheophorbide a oxygenase family protein with Rieske 2Fe-2S domain-containing protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-3
31975462-6	2020	Conversely, light acclimation of ch1 to 1 O2 stress put a limitation in the high light-induced expression of UPR genes, except for the gene encoding the BIP3 chaperone which was selectively up-regulated.	Superoxides	42-44	Pheophorbide a oxygenase family protein with Rieske 2Fe-2S domain-containing protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	33-36
32404052-0	2020	Resuscitation with macromolecular superoxide dismutase/catalase mimetic polynitroxylated PEGylated hemoglobin offers neuroprotection in guinea pigs after traumatic brain injury combined with hemorrhage shock.	Superoxides	34-44	catalase	Cavia porcellus	55-63
32404052-1	2020	BACKGROUND: Polynitroxylated PEGylated hemoglobin (PNPH, aka SanFlow) possesses superoxide dismutase/catalase mimetic activities that may directly protect the brain from oxidative stress.	Superoxides	80-90	catalase	Cavia porcellus	101-109
31691474-6	2020	The experimental studies and DFT calculations reveal that the high performance of the Co@FLG is mainly attributed to its great O2 absorptivity endowed by the abundant Co-Nx and pyridinic-N in the FLG shell and the strong electron-donating ability from the Co ND core to the FLG shell to elevate the eg-orbital energy of Co(II) and lower the activation energy for breaking the O=O/O-O bonds.	Superoxides	127-129	filaggrin	Homo sapiens	89-92
31691474-6	2020	The experimental studies and DFT calculations reveal that the high performance of the Co@FLG is mainly attributed to its great O2 absorptivity endowed by the abundant Co-Nx and pyridinic-N in the FLG shell and the strong electron-donating ability from the Co ND core to the FLG shell to elevate the eg-orbital energy of Co(II) and lower the activation energy for breaking the O=O/O-O bonds.	Superoxides	127-129	filaggrin	Homo sapiens	196-199
31691474-6	2020	The experimental studies and DFT calculations reveal that the high performance of the Co@FLG is mainly attributed to its great O2 absorptivity endowed by the abundant Co-Nx and pyridinic-N in the FLG shell and the strong electron-donating ability from the Co ND core to the FLG shell to elevate the eg-orbital energy of Co(II) and lower the activation energy for breaking the O=O/O-O bonds.	Superoxides	127-129	filaggrin	Homo sapiens	196-199
31691474-6	2020	The experimental studies and DFT calculations reveal that the high performance of the Co@FLG is mainly attributed to its great O2 absorptivity endowed by the abundant Co-Nx and pyridinic-N in the FLG shell and the strong electron-donating ability from the Co ND core to the FLG shell to elevate the eg-orbital energy of Co(II) and lower the activation energy for breaking the O=O/O-O bonds.	Superoxides	380-383	filaggrin	Homo sapiens	89-92
31691474-6	2020	The experimental studies and DFT calculations reveal that the high performance of the Co@FLG is mainly attributed to its great O2 absorptivity endowed by the abundant Co-Nx and pyridinic-N in the FLG shell and the strong electron-donating ability from the Co ND core to the FLG shell to elevate the eg-orbital energy of Co(II) and lower the activation energy for breaking the O=O/O-O bonds.	Superoxides	380-383	filaggrin	Homo sapiens	196-199
31691474-6	2020	The experimental studies and DFT calculations reveal that the high performance of the Co@FLG is mainly attributed to its great O2 absorptivity endowed by the abundant Co-Nx and pyridinic-N in the FLG shell and the strong electron-donating ability from the Co ND core to the FLG shell to elevate the eg-orbital energy of Co(II) and lower the activation energy for breaking the O=O/O-O bonds.	Superoxides	380-383	filaggrin	Homo sapiens	196-199
31939288-13	2020	Compounds 4 - 6 were found to induce an NADPH oxidase activity in TGR, leading to the production of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	100-110	thioredoxin reductase 3	Homo sapiens	66-69
32017898-4	2020	We show that LARP7 physically connects the spliceosomal U6 small nuclear RNA (snRNA) with a distinct subset of box C/D small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) guiding U6 2"-O-methylation.	Superoxides	161-165	La ribonucleoprotein 7, transcriptional regulator	Homo sapiens	13-18
32017898-7	2020	Importantly, we identified defects in 2"-O-methylation of the U6 snRNA in Alazami syndrome siblings carrying a LARP7 mutation.	Superoxides	38-42	La ribonucleoprotein 7, transcriptional regulator	Homo sapiens	111-116
31868610-8	2020	The results showed that (i) flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD, redox center of DAAO) was a direct electroactive substance that produced a reduction peak current; in the presence of O2, the amount of FAD increased leading to an increase of the reduction peak current.	Superoxides	180-182	D-amino acid oxidase	Homo sapiens	78-82
31809873-7	2020	Photoactivation of AKT inhibited the transcriptional activity of Forkhead box transcription factor O1 (FoxO1), reducing expression of lipolytic enzymes and FFA generation and release.	Superoxides	99-101	forkhead box O1	Mus musculus	103-108
31753617-9	2020	HES-SLN also decreased malondialdehyde, increased catalase and superoxide dismutase of rats" heart to levels relatively comparable to control.	Superoxides	63-73	sarcolipin	Rattus norvegicus	4-7
31865514-8	2020	Finally, pesticide exposure induced an increase in the superoxide dismutase/catalase ratio.	Superoxides	55-65	catalase	Danio rerio	76-84
31872977-3	2020	In this report, we have designed an innovative hypoxia sensor (O2 CreER) based on the O2 -dependent degradation domain of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha and Cre recombinase.	Superoxides	63-65	hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit	Mus musculus	126-157
31872977-3	2020	In this report, we have designed an innovative hypoxia sensor (O2 CreER) based on the O2 -dependent degradation domain of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha and Cre recombinase.	Superoxides	86-88	hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit	Mus musculus	126-157
31876685-11	2020	These observations suggest that SirT3-SOD2-intracellular superoxide is a key component associated with the cognitive dysfunction induced by LTIH.	Superoxides	57-67	sirtuin 3	Mus musculus	32-37
32011969-3	2021	A significant upregulated expression of Bcl2 and PCNA genes and significantly downregulated expression of Casp3 and p53 were observed in the blastocysts at 5% than those at 20% O2.	Superoxides	177-179	caspase-3	Ovis aries	106-111
31799578-11	2020	Reduced Sod2 activity, predicted to cause superoxide-dependent iron-sulphur cluster damage, resulted in cellular iron misregulation.	Superoxides	42-52	Superoxide dismutase 2 (Mn)	Drosophila melanogaster	8-12
31893334-7	2020	In addition, inhibition of autophagy by 3-methyladenine and Beclin-1 siRNA impeded activation of HSCs cultured in 1% O2.	Superoxides	117-119	beclin 1, autophagy related	Mus musculus	60-68
32036959-6	2020	Furthermore, the malondialdehyde concentration was significantly increased (P &lt; 0.05), while the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione were significantly decreased (P &lt; 0.05) in the HELP group compared with those in the Con and HELP + RSV groups.	Superoxides	110-120	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Gallus gallus	132-135
31989925-3	2020	TLR4, the prototypic receptor for LPS, also mediates inflammation after O3, triggered by endogenous hyaluronan.	Superoxides	72-74	toll like receptor 4	Homo sapiens	0-4
31989925-6	2020	Using in vivo animal models of TLR4-mediated inflammations (LPS, O3, hyaluronan), we show that TLR5 impacts the in vivo response to LPS, hyaluronan and O3.	Superoxides	65-67	toll like receptor 4	Homo sapiens	31-35
31989925-6	2020	Using in vivo animal models of TLR4-mediated inflammations (LPS, O3, hyaluronan), we show that TLR5 impacts the in vivo response to LPS, hyaluronan and O3.	Superoxides	65-67	toll like receptor 5	Homo sapiens	95-99
31989925-6	2020	Using in vivo animal models of TLR4-mediated inflammations (LPS, O3, hyaluronan), we show that TLR5 impacts the in vivo response to LPS, hyaluronan and O3.	Superoxides	152-154	toll like receptor 4	Homo sapiens	31-35
31989925-6	2020	Using in vivo animal models of TLR4-mediated inflammations (LPS, O3, hyaluronan), we show that TLR5 impacts the in vivo response to LPS, hyaluronan and O3.	Superoxides	152-154	toll like receptor 5	Homo sapiens	95-99
31989925-7	2020	We demonstrate that immune cells of human carriers of a dominant negative TLR5 allele have decreased inflammatory response to O3 exposure ex vivo and LPS exposure in vitro.	Superoxides	126-128	toll like receptor 5	Homo sapiens	74-78
31799827-4	2020	Consequently, the La4NiLiO8 shielded LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 (LSN5) not only offers a 4.1x less charge transfer resistance and significantly higher discharge capacity (219.7 mAh g-1) than the non-shielded NCM (187 mAh g-1) and theoretical capacities of commercial cathode materials but also maintains more than 91.7% of capacity retention at 25 oC after 500 cycles and 84.2% at 60 oC after 200 cycles.	Superoxides	53-56	CWC22 spliceosome associated protein homolog	Homo sapiens	201-204
32554967-10	2020	Vit-C did not lead to a similar effect, suggesting that alterations in the superoxide dismutase pathway may play a role in the basal aortic tone.	Superoxides	75-85	vitrin	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
31729001-1	2020	The superoxide (O2  -)-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes comprises a membrane-associated heterodimeric flavocytochrome, known as cytochrome b 558 (consisting of NOX2 and p22phox) and four cytosolic regulatory proteins, p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	4-14	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	183-190
31729001-1	2020	The superoxide (O2  -)-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes comprises a membrane-associated heterodimeric flavocytochrome, known as cytochrome b 558 (consisting of NOX2 and p22phox) and four cytosolic regulatory proteins, p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	4-14	neutrophil cytosolic factor 4	Homo sapiens	250-257
31729001-1	2020	The superoxide (O2  -)-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes comprises a membrane-associated heterodimeric flavocytochrome, known as cytochrome b 558 (consisting of NOX2 and p22phox) and four cytosolic regulatory proteins, p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	16-18	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	183-190
31729001-1	2020	The superoxide (O2  -)-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes comprises a membrane-associated heterodimeric flavocytochrome, known as cytochrome b 558 (consisting of NOX2 and p22phox) and four cytosolic regulatory proteins, p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	16-18	neutrophil cytosolic factor 4	Homo sapiens	250-257
31677552-6	2020	Exposure of worms to O2 starvation conditions (i.e. hypoxia) induces a major upregulation in levels of the conserved iron-cage protein ferritin 1 (ftn-1) in the intestine, while exposure to 21% O2 decreases ftn-1 level.	Superoxides	21-23	Ferritin	Caenorhabditis elegans	135-145
31677552-6	2020	Exposure of worms to O2 starvation conditions (i.e. hypoxia) induces a major upregulation in levels of the conserved iron-cage protein ferritin 1 (ftn-1) in the intestine, while exposure to 21% O2 decreases ftn-1 level.	Superoxides	21-23	Ferritin	Caenorhabditis elegans	147-152
31677552-6	2020	Exposure of worms to O2 starvation conditions (i.e. hypoxia) induces a major upregulation in levels of the conserved iron-cage protein ferritin 1 (ftn-1) in the intestine, while exposure to 21% O2 decreases ftn-1 level.	Superoxides	21-23	Ferritin	Caenorhabditis elegans	207-212
31677552-6	2020	Exposure of worms to O2 starvation conditions (i.e. hypoxia) induces a major upregulation in levels of the conserved iron-cage protein ferritin 1 (ftn-1) in the intestine, while exposure to 21% O2 decreases ftn-1 level.	Superoxides	194-196	Ferritin	Caenorhabditis elegans	135-145
31677552-6	2020	Exposure of worms to O2 starvation conditions (i.e. hypoxia) induces a major upregulation in levels of the conserved iron-cage protein ferritin 1 (ftn-1) in the intestine, while exposure to 21% O2 decreases ftn-1 level.	Superoxides	194-196	Ferritin	Caenorhabditis elegans	147-152
31568998-5	2020	The observed H/D KIE (alpha = 2.15-1.50) is much larger than what is calculated assuming a classical KIE for Tg = 5000 K (alpha = 1.15) obtained from the sonoluminescence spectra in H2O and D2O.	Superoxides	190-193	adrenoceptor alpha 1D	Homo sapiens	122-131
31568998-6	2020	Furthermore, the alpha values sharply decrease with increasing of H2O content in H2O/D2O mixtures reaching a steady-state value close to alpha = 1.50, which also cannot be explained by O-H/O-D zero-point energy difference.	Superoxides	85-88	adrenoceptor alpha 1D	Homo sapiens	137-146
31585272-3	2020	In practical applications, the combustion atmosphere in oxy-fuel boiler is O2/CO2/H2O, which is different from that in the conventional boiler (O2/N2).	Superoxides	75-77	complement C2	Homo sapiens	78-85
31922706-8	2019	In the 40% O2 group, RelA, RelB, ASK1 and TNF-alpha were upregulated, but SC expression was not significantly different than that of the control group.	Superoxides	11-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Homo sapiens	33-37
31882813-5	2019	Besides, Mn-TAT PTD-Ngb activated the phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway, which up-regulated the expression of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT).	Superoxides	199-209	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	174-190
31882813-5	2019	Besides, Mn-TAT PTD-Ngb activated the phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway, which up-regulated the expression of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT).	Superoxides	199-209	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	192-196
31864276-5	2019	Further oxidative decomposition of such CEI fragments to release CO2 gas is however predicted to require higher voltages consistent with LixNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) at smaller x values.	Superoxides	149-152	chromosome 5 open reading frame 38	Homo sapiens	40-43
30963466-1	2019	PURPOSE: NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5), the main isoform of NOX in spermatozoa, has been recognized as the main active generators of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide anion (O 2 -. )	Superoxides	167-183	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	9-24
30963466-1	2019	PURPOSE: NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5), the main isoform of NOX in spermatozoa, has been recognized as the main active generators of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide anion (O 2 -. )	Superoxides	167-183	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	26-30
31125883-5	2019	Further, root dipping treatment of H2O2 to plants under stress and stress-free conditions enhanced accumulation of proline and activity of catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase, whereas production of superoxide radical (O2  ) and H2O2 were decreased.	Superoxides	37-39	iron superoxide dismutase	Solanum lycopersicum	165-185
30884213-9	2019	The antifibrotic effect of CYR-61 was further demonstrated by delay in wound healing, inhibition of gel contraction, inactivation of the transforming growth factor beta pathway, and early superoxide production associated with senescence in SSc fibroblasts.	Superoxides	188-198	cellular communication network factor 1	Homo sapiens	27-33
30652267-8	2019	Mechanistically, AKAP121 promotes neuroprotection by enhancing PKA-mediated phosphorylation of Drp1 to increase mitochondrial fusion, elevates ATP levels, and elicits an increase in the levels of antioxidants GSH and superoxide dismutase 2 leading to a reduction in the level of mitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	217-227	A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 1	Mus musculus	17-24
30548643-6	2019	Knockdown of FOXO6 by small interfeing RNA targeting FOXO6 (si-FOXO6) mitigated the HG-induced the production of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde, as well as the inhibition of superoxide dismutase activity.	Superoxides	187-197	forkhead box O6	Homo sapiens	13-18
30548643-6	2019	Knockdown of FOXO6 by small interfeing RNA targeting FOXO6 (si-FOXO6) mitigated the HG-induced the production of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde, as well as the inhibition of superoxide dismutase activity.	Superoxides	187-197	forkhead box O6	Homo sapiens	53-58
30548643-6	2019	Knockdown of FOXO6 by small interfeing RNA targeting FOXO6 (si-FOXO6) mitigated the HG-induced the production of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde, as well as the inhibition of superoxide dismutase activity.	Superoxides	187-197	forkhead box O6	Homo sapiens	53-58
30926564-9	2019	The presence of ascorbate in bleomycin-treated cells suppressed a DSB-independent activation of the ATM-CHK2 axis by blocking superoxide radical.	Superoxides	126-144	ATM serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	100-103
31139044-10	2019	BGP-15 co-administration significantly increased mitochondrial superoxide production, mitochondrial depolarization and cytochrome c release in myenteric plexus and exacerbated 5-FU-induced colonic inflammation.	Superoxides	63-73	carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1	Mus musculus	0-3
30889865-5	2019	We propose a novel hypothesis that ER-alpha36-GPER signaling initially induces rapid and temporal activation of NADPH oxidase 1 to generate superoxide, which subsequently activates redox-sensitive neutral sphingomyelinase 2 generating the lipid signaling mediator ceramide.	Superoxides	140-150	sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 3	Homo sapiens	197-223
30414927-8	2019	We discuss circumstances under which promotion of superoxide formation exceeds its attenuation by uncoupling in mitochondria and throughout point out areas of future research into UCP1 function.	Superoxides	50-60	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	180-184
30665935-0	2019	The Kinesin Light Chain-Related Protein PAT1 Promotes Superoxide Anion Production in Human Phagocytes.	Superoxides	54-70	amyloid beta precursor protein binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	40-44
30665935-8	2019	Overexpression of PAT1 in human monocytes and in COSphox cells increased superoxide anion production and depletion of PAT1 by specific small interfering RNA inhibited this process.	Superoxides	73-89	amyloid beta precursor protein binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	18-22
30665935-9	2019	These data clearly identify PAT1 as a novel regulator of NADPH oxidase activation and superoxide anion production, a key phagocyte function.	Superoxides	86-102	amyloid beta precursor protein binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	28-32
32254727-4	2019	Characterization demonstrated that Mnx(PO4)y layer modified hollow carbon sphere (Mn-MPSA-HCS) and hollow carbon cubic (Mn-MPSA-HCC) were successfully prepared and used as nanozymes for superoxide detection.	Superoxides	186-196	keratin 86	Homo sapiens	35-38
30044122-8	2019	Depletion of ATF4 and p22phox diminished the levels of superoxide and H2O2 under ER stress conditions.	Superoxides	55-65	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	22-29
30790510-7	2019	Our findings are substantiated by reduced  NO as well as nitric oxide end products (nitrate and nitrite), and increased superoxide production in Stat5b silenced MIN6 cells.	Superoxides	120-130	signal transducer and activator of transcription 5B	Mus musculus	145-151
30790510-9	2019	To detoxify excess superoxide as a consequence of lowered Nos2, an overexpressed SOD2 in Stat5b silenced cells results in increased H2O2 production.	Superoxides	19-29	signal transducer and activator of transcription 5B	Mus musculus	89-95
30504838-1	2018	NMDA-type glutamate receptors (NMDAR) trigger superoxide production by neuronal NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX2), which if sustained leads to cell death.	Superoxides	46-56	glutamate receptor, ionotropic, NMDA1 (zeta 1)	Mus musculus	0-29
30504838-1	2018	NMDA-type glutamate receptors (NMDAR) trigger superoxide production by neuronal NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX2), which if sustained leads to cell death.	Superoxides	46-56	glutamate receptor, ionotropic, NMDA1 (zeta 1)	Mus musculus	31-36
30504838-8	2018	Neurons expressing either GluN2B subunits or chimeric GluN2A/GluN2B C-terminus subunits exhibited NMDA-induced superoxide production, whereas neurons expressing chimeric GluN2B/GluN2A C-terminus subunits did not.	Superoxides	111-121	glutamate receptor, ionotropic, NMDA2B (epsilon 2)	Mus musculus	26-32
30504838-8	2018	Neurons expressing either GluN2B subunits or chimeric GluN2A/GluN2B C-terminus subunits exhibited NMDA-induced superoxide production, whereas neurons expressing chimeric GluN2B/GluN2A C-terminus subunits did not.	Superoxides	111-121	glutamate receptor, ionotropic, NMDA2A (epsilon 1)	Mus musculus	54-60
30483268-5	2018	Furthermore, Ser329 of p47phox was identified for enhancement of superoxide production.	Superoxides	65-75	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	23-30
30354808-9	2018	In conclusion, both O2- from p47phox/NOX2 and H2O2 from NOX4/POLDIP2 enhance maximal arteriolar Ang II contractions from RRM mice during high salt, but H2O2 and NOX4/POLDIP2 reduce the sensitivity to lower concentrations of Ang II by &gt;100-fold.	Superoxides	20-22	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	29-36
30179714-8	2018	High level of mitochondrial superoxide generation was observed in the transfected cells and NS3-4A and NS4A triggered a cascade of activation starting from caspase-9, then caspase-7 and caspase-3 that ultimately led to the cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase PARP.	Superoxides	28-38	caspase 9	Homo sapiens	156-165
30179714-8	2018	High level of mitochondrial superoxide generation was observed in the transfected cells and NS3-4A and NS4A triggered a cascade of activation starting from caspase-9, then caspase-7 and caspase-3 that ultimately led to the cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase PARP.	Superoxides	28-38	caspase 7	Homo sapiens	172-181
29949402-4	2018	In this study, we investigated the potential role of olfactomedin 4 (Olfm4) in H2O2-induced superoxide production and apoptosis in mouse neutrophils.	Superoxides	92-102	olfactomedin 4	Mus musculus	53-67
29949402-4	2018	In this study, we investigated the potential role of olfactomedin 4 (Olfm4) in H2O2-induced superoxide production and apoptosis in mouse neutrophils.	Superoxides	92-102	olfactomedin 4	Mus musculus	69-74
29949402-5	2018	We have demonstrated that Olfm4 is not required for maximal-dosage PMA- and Escherichia coli bacteria-induced superoxide production, but Olfm4 contributes to suboptimal-dosage PMA- and H2O2-induced superoxide production.	Superoxides	198-208	olfactomedin 4	Mus musculus	137-142
30181899-3	2018	Here we show that postsynaptic superoxide generation through PKCzeta-activated NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) is critical for long-term depression (LTD) of synaptic transmission in the CA1-Shaffer collateral synapse of the rat hippocampus.	Superoxides	31-41	carbonic anhydrase 1	Rattus norvegicus	177-180
29891006-10	2018	We demonstrated that these mechanisms of SOD1 partly exist to maintain low levels of the superoxide anion and to avoid the accumulation of lipid droplets via enhanced CPT1A-mediated fatty acid oxidation.	Superoxides	89-105	carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a, liver	Mus musculus	167-172
29718541-0	2018	Differential cell surface recruitment of the superoxide-producing NADPH oxidases Nox1, Nox2 and Nox5: The role of the small GTPase Sar1.	Superoxides	45-55	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	96-100
29718541-0	2018	Differential cell surface recruitment of the superoxide-producing NADPH oxidases Nox1, Nox2 and Nox5: The role of the small GTPase Sar1.	Superoxides	45-55	secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1A	Homo sapiens	131-135
29718541-2	2018	Here, we show that the bona fide nonglycoprotein Nox5, a transmembrane superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase, is transported to the cell surface in a manner resistant to co-expression of Sar1 (H79G), a GTP-fixed mutant of the small GTPase Sar1, which blocks COPII vesicle fission from the ER.	Superoxides	71-81	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	49-53
29619655-6	2018	Additionally, persistent HS up-regulates SOD which converts superoxides to hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	60-71	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Gallus gallus	41-44
29856862-6	2018	ZmPIP1;1 overexpression plants showed higher activities of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging enzymes such as catalase and superoxide dismutase, lower contents of stress-induced ROS such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde, and higher levels of proline under drought and salt stress than did wild type.	Superoxides	129-139	aquaporin PIP1-1	Zea mays	0-8
29154191-5	2018	The involvement of CD11b in alpha-synuclein-induced activation of NOX2 was further confirmed in CD11b-/- microglia by showing reduced membrane translocation of NOX2 cytosolic subunit p47phox and superoxide production.	Superoxides	195-205	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	28-43
29597269-7	2018	Moreover, the scavenging activity against superoxide radical of chitosan derivatives with triazolium (IC50 &lt; 0.01 mg mL-1) was more efficient than that of derivatives with triazole and Vitamin C.	Superoxides	42-60	L1 cell adhesion molecule	Mus musculus	120-124
29743977-4	2018	Stimulation of FPR1 by N-fMLP induces p47phox phosphorylation, which is the crucial event for NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production.	Superoxides	118-128	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	38-41
29531225-9	2018	Intriguingly, PON2 reduces c-Jun-mediated transcriptional activation of IGF-1 gene by decreasing mitochondrial superoxide generation.	Superoxides	111-121	paraoxonase 2	Mus musculus	14-18
29187364-9	2018	Marked NADP(H) depletion with loss of NO and increase in superoxide production occurred following hypoxia-reoxygenation that was prevented by CD38 inhibition or knockdown.	Superoxides	57-67	CD38 molecule	Homo sapiens	142-146
29301787-1	2018	OBJECTIVE: Copper transporter ATP7A (copper-transporting/ATPase) is required for full activation of SOD3 (extracellular superoxide dismutase), which is secreted from vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and anchors to endothelial cell surface to preserve endothelial function by scavenging extracellular superoxide.	Superoxides	120-130	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	100-104
29301787-2	2018	We reported that ATP7A protein expression and SOD3 activity are decreased in insulin-deficient type 1 diabetes mellitus vessels, thereby, inducing superoxide-mediated endothelial dysfunction, which are rescued by insulin treatment.	Superoxides	147-157	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	46-50
29241737-10	2018	The predicted therapeutic index for superoxide and interleukin (IL)-6 inhibition was much higher for topically applied AMH than for the other penetrants tested.	Superoxides	36-46	anti-Mullerian hormone	Homo sapiens	119-122
29625492-6	2018	Results: In P23 male Pde6brd10 mice, only the outer superior retina showed oxidative stress in vivo, as measured by QUEST MRI; a lucigenin assay confirmed supernormal superoxide production.	Superoxides	167-177	prostaglandin E synthase 3	Mus musculus	12-15
29410501-4	2018	We report that the genetic ablation of both LXR isoforms in mice (LXRdKO) provokes significant locomotor defects correlated with enhanced anion superoxide production, lipid oxidization and protein carbonylation in the sciatic nerves despite the activation of Nrf2-dependant antioxidant response.	Superoxides	144-154	nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 2	Mus musculus	44-47
29209893-8	2018	The superoxide anion ( O2-) scavenging ability of SOD-CLP-ELP was 1.5 times that of SOD, and the catalytic efficiency of DAAO-CLP-ELP was 1.7 times that of DAAO.	Superoxides	23-25	nuclear receptor subfamily 5 group A member 1	Homo sapiens	58-61
29209893-8	2018	The superoxide anion ( O2-) scavenging ability of SOD-CLP-ELP was 1.5 times that of SOD, and the catalytic efficiency of DAAO-CLP-ELP was 1.7 times that of DAAO.	Superoxides	23-25	D-amino acid oxidase	Homo sapiens	121-125
29209893-8	2018	The superoxide anion ( O2-) scavenging ability of SOD-CLP-ELP was 1.5 times that of SOD, and the catalytic efficiency of DAAO-CLP-ELP was 1.7 times that of DAAO.	Superoxides	23-25	nuclear receptor subfamily 5 group A member 1	Homo sapiens	130-133
29192706-6	2017	The superoxide anion (O2-) that has been identified on an under-coordinated Au site has a larger polarizability than the MOx species and a mu0 that is opposite in sign to those of the metal MO2 species, which results in larger errors by the first-order approximation, although its stability varies only moderately under positive electric fields of up to 0.4 V A-1.	Superoxides	4-20	monooxygenase DBH like 1	Homo sapiens	121-124
28942246-16	2017	Taken together, these studies demonstrate that HNF1b plays an essential role in controlling hepatic TG homeostasis and insulin sensitivity by regulating DPP4/NOX1mediated generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	185-195	dipeptidylpeptidase 4	Mus musculus	153-157
29180598-8	2017	Moreover, not only does the nramp2 mutant accumulate superoxide ions, but NRAMP2 can functionally replace cytosolic superoxide dismutase in yeast, indicating that the pool of Mn displaced by NRAMP2 is required for the detoxification of reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	53-63	NRAMP metal ion transporter 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	28-34
29180598-8	2017	Moreover, not only does the nramp2 mutant accumulate superoxide ions, but NRAMP2 can functionally replace cytosolic superoxide dismutase in yeast, indicating that the pool of Mn displaced by NRAMP2 is required for the detoxification of reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	53-63	NRAMP metal ion transporter 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	191-197
28816233-6	2017	Pretreatment with the specific RIP1 inhibitor Nec-1 (100 mumol/L) or the specific RIP3 inhibitor GSK-872 (5 mumol/L) not only prevented shikonin-induced glioma cell necrosis but also significantly mitigated the levels of intracellular ROS and mitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	257-267	proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1	Homo sapiens	46-51
28396118-2	2017	Since myogenic contractions are enhanced by superoxide but impaired by hydrogen peroxide, we tested the hypothesis that they are counterregulated by superoxide and H2O2 from NOX2/p47phox and/or NOX4/POLDIP2 in CKD.	Superoxides	149-159	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	179-186
28396118-9	2017	Thus, afferent arteriolar superoxide generated by NOX2/p47phox opposes H2O2 generated by NOX4/POLDIP2 whose upregulation in afferent arterioles from mice with CKD accounts for impaired myogenic contractions.	Superoxides	26-36	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	55-62
28820529-2	2017	Encounters between microhydrated superoxide and formic acid were found to result in a number of different reactions, including (a) proton transfer, (b) ligand exchange, (c) H2-elimination (affording microhydrated CO4 -), and (d) dihydrogen transfer (affording H2O2 and microhydrated CO2 -).	Superoxides	33-43	complement C4A (Rodgers blood group)	Homo sapiens	213-216
28620066-4	2017	OBJECTIVES: To investigate the role of the pulmonary-specific isoform 2 of subunit 4 of the mitochondrial complex IV (Cox4i2) and the subsequent mediators superoxide and hydrogen peroxide for pulmonary oxygen sensing and signaling.	Superoxides	155-165	cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4I2	Mus musculus	118-124
28620066-7	2017	Hypoxia-induced superoxide release which was detected by electron spin resonance spectroscopy in wild-type PASMCs was absent in Cox4i2-/- PASMCs and was dependent on cysteine residues of Cox4i2.	Superoxides	16-26	cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4I2	Mus musculus	128-134
28620066-7	2017	Hypoxia-induced superoxide release which was detected by electron spin resonance spectroscopy in wild-type PASMCs was absent in Cox4i2-/- PASMCs and was dependent on cysteine residues of Cox4i2.	Superoxides	16-26	cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4I2	Mus musculus	187-193
28620066-12	2017	CONCLUSIONS: Cox4i2 is essential for acute but not chronic pulmonary oxygen sensing by triggering mitochondrial hyperpolarization and release of mitochondrial superoxide which, after conversion to hydrogen peroxide, contributes to cellular membrane depolarization and HPV.	Superoxides	159-169	cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4I2	Mus musculus	13-19
28515175-10	2017	Taken together, these data suggest that NOX4-derived ROS in general, and possibly superoxide in particular, are involved in flow-stimulated IMCD ET-1 production.	Superoxides	82-92	endothelin 1	Mus musculus	145-149
28742114-4	2017	Results showed that EP-1 possessed higher oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and 2-3 times higher ability to scavenge 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide and hydroxyl radicals than a hot water extract of commercially available HE fruiting body.	Superoxides	163-173	prostaglandin E receptor 1	Homo sapiens	20-24
28502718-5	2017	Cells over-expressing mtND5 variant produced both peroxide as well as super-oxide ROS; the generation of which was dependent on the functional status of P53; modulating epigenetically the expression of key apoptosis pathway genes.	Superoxides	70-81	mitochondrially encoded NADH dehydrogenase 5	Homo sapiens	22-27
28274989-7	2017	Vascular explants from mice that were deficient for the NADPH oxidase subunit p47 phox showed diminished intimal superoxide production and GM-CSF release after ex vivo stimulation with MALP-2.	Superoxides	113-123	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	78-86
28446034-3	2017	In this study, we found that the SDS-resistant irreversible dimer of DJ-1 protein was formed in human dopaminergic neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells when the cells were exposed to massive superoxide inducers such as paraquat and diquat.	Superoxides	182-192	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	69-73
28104455-6	2017	Knockdown of GTPCH by &gt;90% led to marked loss of cellular BH4 and a striking induction of O2- generation in the mitochondria of murine endothelial cells.	Superoxides	93-95	GTP cyclohydrolase 1	Mus musculus	13-18
27701898-1	2017	The present study investigated whether endothelin-1 acts via ETA or ETB receptors to mediate superoxide anion-induced pain and inflammation.	Superoxides	93-109	endothelin 1	Mus musculus	39-51
28275112-0	2017	CLIC1 null mice demonstrate a role for CLIC1 in macrophage superoxide production and tissue injury.	Superoxides	59-69	chloride intracellular channel 1	Mus musculus	0-5
28275112-0	2017	CLIC1 null mice demonstrate a role for CLIC1 in macrophage superoxide production and tissue injury.	Superoxides	59-69	chloride intracellular channel 1	Mus musculus	39-44
28275112-6	2017	Absence of CLIC1 increased PMA-induced superoxide production by isolated peritoneal neutrophils but dramatically decreased PMA-induced superoxide production by peritoneal macrophages.	Superoxides	39-49	chloride intracellular channel 1	Mus musculus	11-16
28275112-6	2017	Absence of CLIC1 increased PMA-induced superoxide production by isolated peritoneal neutrophils but dramatically decreased PMA-induced superoxide production by peritoneal macrophages.	Superoxides	135-145	chloride intracellular channel 1	Mus musculus	11-16
28275112-11	2017	We conclude that the role of CLIC1 in macrophage superoxide production is to support redistribution of NADPH oxidase to the plasma membrane, and not through major effects on ERM cytoskeleton or by acting as a plasma membrane chloride channel.	Superoxides	49-59	chloride intracellular channel 1	Mus musculus	29-34
28169282-6	2017	Moreover, superoxide and hydrogen superoxide levels in astrocytes were significantly reduced after the activation of Shh pathway signalling due to increasing levels of the antioxidants catalase and superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	10-20	sonic hedgehog	Mus musculus	117-120
28045936-9	2017	Diminished Trx2 and Prx3 expression was associated with accumulation of mitochondrial superoxide; however, only shRNA knockdown of Trx2 increased susceptibility to hyperoxic cell death and increased phosphorylation of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase-1 (ASK1).	Superoxides	86-96	thioredoxin 2	Homo sapiens	11-15
27757734-11	2017	Furthermore, CRT inhibition significantly blunted APN"s anti-oxidative action (evidenced by gp91phox expression and superoxide generation).	Superoxides	116-126	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Mus musculus	50-53
28825851-10	2017	Treatment with MnTMPyP (a superoxide scavenger) increased LAMP2 expression and stimulated autophagosome clearance in simulated ischemic-reperfused cardiomyocytes.	Superoxides	26-36	lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2	Mus musculus	58-63
29069652-9	2017	Higher Wnt3a and beta-catenin mRNA and protein expressions and c-myc and cyclinD1 mRNA expressions, enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) contents, decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content and elevated mitochondrial membrane potential ( psim) were found in the 10 and 15 micromol/L Cur groups compared with the 6-OHDA group.	Superoxides	109-119	catenin beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	17-29
28511187-6	2017	We found that Epo protects Ast from H2O2 injury (p &lt; 0.05) and increases secreted nitric oxide levels in these cells (p &lt; 0.05) while suppressing intracellular reactive oxygen species (p &lt; 0.05) and superoxide ion (p &lt; 0.05) levels only in Mg.	Superoxides	208-218	erythropoietin	Mus musculus	14-17
26822619-6	2017	Our current results in hBMSCs exposed to BPA suggest that BPA causes a disturbance in beta-catenin signaling via a superoxide anion overload.	Superoxides	115-131	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	86-98
27510432-3	2016	In this work, we employed our previously reported D-pi-A-structured naphthalene-BODIPY TBET platform to design an efficient two-photon fluorescent probe for dynamic monitoring of superoxide anion oxidative stress and the GSH reducing repair process.	Superoxides	179-195	T-box transcription factor 21	Homo sapiens	87-91
27391159-3	2016	As reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to promote cancer cell invasion, we investigated on the hypothesis that gelsolin-induced changes in ROS levels may mediate the invasive capacity of colon cancer cells.Herein, we show that increased gelsolin enhances the invasive capacity of colon cancer cells, and this is mediated via gelsolin"s effects in elevating intracellular superoxide (O2.-) levels.	Superoxides	381-391	gelsolin	Homo sapiens	247-255
27391159-3	2016	As reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to promote cancer cell invasion, we investigated on the hypothesis that gelsolin-induced changes in ROS levels may mediate the invasive capacity of colon cancer cells.Herein, we show that increased gelsolin enhances the invasive capacity of colon cancer cells, and this is mediated via gelsolin"s effects in elevating intracellular superoxide (O2.-) levels.	Superoxides	393-395	gelsolin	Homo sapiens	121-129
27391159-3	2016	As reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to promote cancer cell invasion, we investigated on the hypothesis that gelsolin-induced changes in ROS levels may mediate the invasive capacity of colon cancer cells.Herein, we show that increased gelsolin enhances the invasive capacity of colon cancer cells, and this is mediated via gelsolin"s effects in elevating intracellular superoxide (O2.-) levels.	Superoxides	393-395	gelsolin	Homo sapiens	247-255
27391159-3	2016	As reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to promote cancer cell invasion, we investigated on the hypothesis that gelsolin-induced changes in ROS levels may mediate the invasive capacity of colon cancer cells.Herein, we show that increased gelsolin enhances the invasive capacity of colon cancer cells, and this is mediated via gelsolin"s effects in elevating intracellular superoxide (O2.-) levels.	Superoxides	393-395	gelsolin	Homo sapiens	247-255
27391159-4	2016	We also provide evidence for a novel physical interaction between gelsolin and Cu/ZnSOD, that inhibits the enzymatic activity of Cu/ZnSOD, thereby resulting in a sustained elevation of intracellular O2.-.	Superoxides	199-201	gelsolin	Homo sapiens	66-74
27391159-6	2016	Consistent with the in vivo evidence, we show that increased levels of O2.- induced by gelsolin overexpression triggers the secretion of uPA.	Superoxides	71-73	gelsolin	Homo sapiens	87-95
27391159-7	2016	We further observed reduction in invasion and intracellular O2.- levels in colon cancer cells, as a consequence of gelsolin knockdown using two different siRNAs.	Superoxides	60-62	gelsolin	Homo sapiens	115-123
27391159-8	2016	In these cells, concurrent repression of Cu/ZnSOD restored intracellular O2.- levels and rescued invasive capacity.Our study therefore identified gelsolin as a novel regulator of intracellular O2.- in cancer cells via interacting with Cu/ZnSOD and inhibiting its enzymatic activity.	Superoxides	73-75	gelsolin	Homo sapiens	146-154
27152019-5	2016	Further analyses revealed that in leaf epidermal cells, XDH1 likely functions as an oxidase, along with the NADPH oxidases RbohD and RbohF, to generate superoxide, which is dismutated into H2O2 The resulting enrichment of H2O2 in the fungal haustorial complex within infected epidermal cells helps to constrain the haustorium, thereby contributing to RPW8-dependent and RPW8-independent powdery mildew resistance.	Superoxides	152-162	respiratory burst oxidase protein F	Arabidopsis thaliana	133-138
26769958-9	2016	The superoxide anion scavenger increased IGF-1, IGF-1R, p-PI3k, p-Akt, p-Bad, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xL (survival pathway).	Superoxides	4-20	insulin-like growth factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	41-46
26769958-10	2016	Our findings imply that the superoxide anion scavenger might prevent cardiac Fas-mediated and mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and enhance the IGF-1-related survival pathway in chronic intermittent hypoxia.	Superoxides	28-44	insulin-like growth factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	143-148
26945724-8	2016	Furthermore, NADPH oxidase inhibitors (diphenyleneiodonium and apocynin) and a superoxide scavenger (Tiron) each inhibited PEITC-induced HO-1 upregulation.	Superoxides	79-89	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	137-141
29262318-0	2017	The Protein Trio RPK1-CaM4-RbohF Mediates Transient Superoxide Production to Trigger Age-Dependent Cell Death in Arabidopsis.	Superoxides	52-62	receptor-like protein kinase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	17-21
29262318-0	2017	The Protein Trio RPK1-CaM4-RbohF Mediates Transient Superoxide Production to Trigger Age-Dependent Cell Death in Arabidopsis.	Superoxides	52-62	calmodulin 4	Arabidopsis thaliana	22-26
29262318-4	2017	Here, we show that the accumulation and signaling of superoxide are mediated by three Arabidopsis proteins-RPK1, CaM4, and RbohF-which trigger subsequent cellular events leading to age-dependent cell death.	Superoxides	53-63	receptor-like protein kinase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	107-111
29262318-4	2017	Here, we show that the accumulation and signaling of superoxide are mediated by three Arabidopsis proteins-RPK1, CaM4, and RbohF-which trigger subsequent cellular events leading to age-dependent cell death.	Superoxides	53-63	calmodulin 4	Arabidopsis thaliana	113-117
29262318-5	2017	We demonstrate that the NADPH oxidase RbohF is responsible for RPK1-mediated transient accumulation of superoxide, SIRK kinase induction, and cell death, all of which are positively regulated by CaM4.	Superoxides	103-113	receptor-like protein kinase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	63-67
29262318-5	2017	We demonstrate that the NADPH oxidase RbohF is responsible for RPK1-mediated transient accumulation of superoxide, SIRK kinase induction, and cell death, all of which are positively regulated by CaM4.	Superoxides	103-113	calmodulin 4	Arabidopsis thaliana	195-199
28855087-6	2017	Upon interaction with FPR2 expressed by neutrophils both F2Pal10 and WKYMVM activated the PLC-PIP2-Ca2+ signaling pathway and the superoxide-generating NADPH-oxidase, but only WKYMVM activated the receptor to recruit beta-arrestin.	Superoxides	130-140	formyl peptide receptor 2	Homo sapiens	22-26
29100041-6	2017	Mitochondria from pol beta-deficient mouse fibroblasts had compromised DNA repair and showed elevated levels of superoxide radicals after hydrogen peroxide treatment.	Superoxides	112-122	polymerase (DNA directed), beta	Mus musculus	18-26
28942246-0	2017	Inhibition of hepatocyte nuclear factor 1b induces hepatic steatosis through DPP4/NOX1-mediated regulation of superoxide.	Superoxides	110-120	dipeptidylpeptidase 4	Mus musculus	77-81
29096559-9	2017	RARalpha and RARgamma overexpression could protect cells from oxidative stress-induced injury by inhibiting HR-induced intracellular superoxide anion (O2-) generation, cell viability and mitochondria membrane potential (MMP) decrease and transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) expression and promoting endogenous antioxidant defense components, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH).	Superoxides	133-149	retinoic acid receptor, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	0-8
29096559-10	2017	Meanwhile, inhibition of RARalpha and RARgamma expressions by small interference RNAs (siRNA) resulted in a less resistance of RTEC to HR as shown in increased O2- production and TGF-beta1 expression and decreased cell viability, MMP, SOD and GSH levels.	Superoxides	160-162	retinoic acid receptor, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	25-33
28993480-7	2017	Consistent with these findings, human ADPKD cyst-derived cells with heterozygous and homozygous PKD1 mutation exhibited morphological and functional abnormalities, including increased mitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	198-208	polycystin 1, transient receptor potential channel interacting	Homo sapiens	96-100
28830679-2	2017	A proposed mechanism is the superoxide (O2-)-oxidative stress hypothesis, which suggests that Gtn increases O2- production.	Superoxides	28-38	guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha transducing 3	Mus musculus	94-97
28830679-2	2017	A proposed mechanism is the superoxide (O2-)-oxidative stress hypothesis, which suggests that Gtn increases O2- production.	Superoxides	40-42	guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha transducing 3	Mus musculus	94-97
28830679-2	2017	A proposed mechanism is the superoxide (O2-)-oxidative stress hypothesis, which suggests that Gtn increases O2- production.	Superoxides	108-110	guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha transducing 3	Mus musculus	94-97
28739528-8	2017	Leptin treatment also increased both cellular and mitochondrial superoxide levels concomitant to increased expression of nitric oxide synthase-2 (NOS2).	Superoxides	64-74	leptin	Mus musculus	0-6
28869535-10	2017	Scavenging of mitochondrial superoxide attenuated mitochondrial DNA damage and preserved the mitochondrial respiration, in addition to suppression of the expression of p53 and preservation of the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1alpha) in ischemic skeletal muscles with aging.	Superoxides	28-38	transformation related protein 53, pseudogene	Mus musculus	168-171
28859297-8	2017	Medin decreased arteriole and endothelial cell nitric oxide production, increased superoxide production, reduced endothelial cell viability, proliferation, and migration.	Superoxides	82-92	milk fat globule EGF and factor V/VIII domain containing	Homo sapiens	0-5
28039072-0	2017	Lead-induced stress, which triggers the production of nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion (O2 -) in Arabidopsis peroxisomes, affects catalase activity.	Superoxides	76-92	catalase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	136-144
28039072-0	2017	Lead-induced stress, which triggers the production of nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion (O2 -) in Arabidopsis peroxisomes, affects catalase activity.	Superoxides	94-98	catalase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	136-144
28356348-8	2017	Tpl2 ablation impaired neutrophil TNF secretion in response to LPS stimulation, superoxide generation in response to the chemotactic peptide fMLP, and killing of the extracellular bacterium, Citrobacter rodentium, despite normal bacterial phagocytosis.	Superoxides	80-90	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 8	Mus musculus	0-4
27990791-2	2017	Indoxyl sulfate induces cellular dysfunction by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide by activating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, and by activating aryl hydrocarbon receptor through its uptake via organic anion transporters (OAT1 and OAT3).	Superoxides	96-106	potassium two pore domain channel subfamily K member 3	Homo sapiens	269-273
27990791-2	2017	Indoxyl sulfate induces cellular dysfunction by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide by activating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, and by activating aryl hydrocarbon receptor through its uptake via organic anion transporters (OAT1 and OAT3).	Superoxides	96-106	solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens	278-282
28238401-10	2017	Expression of p47phox, a regulatory subunit of the superoxide producing Nox2, was downregulated, and the expression of NOS which produces nitric oxide (NO) was possibly inhibited by feedback loop mechanisms in HEMA-exposed cultures.	Superoxides	51-61	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	14-21
28063347-1	2017	Mycobacterium tuberculosis has distinctive ability to detoxify various microbicidal superoxides and hydroperoxides via a redox catalytic cycle involving thiol reductants of peroxiredoxin (Prx) and thioredoxin (Trx) systems which has conferred on it resistance against oxidative killing and survivability within host.	Superoxides	84-95	peroxiredoxin	Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv	173-186
28063347-1	2017	Mycobacterium tuberculosis has distinctive ability to detoxify various microbicidal superoxides and hydroperoxides via a redox catalytic cycle involving thiol reductants of peroxiredoxin (Prx) and thioredoxin (Trx) systems which has conferred on it resistance against oxidative killing and survivability within host.	Superoxides	84-95	peroxiredoxin	Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv	188-191
28480026-10	2017	Additional studies revealed that exercise training rendered eNOS less coupled and increased NOS-dependent superoxide levels in beta3-AR KO mice.	Superoxides	106-116	adrenergic receptor, beta 3	Mus musculus	127-135
28025796-9	2017	Exogenous IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta enhanced superoxide, ROS, and XO in the PMNs of control and MB+PQ-treated rats; however, IFN- gamma was found to be the most potent inducer.	Superoxides	54-64	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	10-19
27780767-1	2017	Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD- 1) is an antioxidant enzyme that regulates the levels of Reactive oxygen species (ROS) by catalyzing the conversion of superoxide radical into hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and oxygen.	Superoxides	148-166	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Gallus gallus	0-22
27780767-1	2017	Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD- 1) is an antioxidant enzyme that regulates the levels of Reactive oxygen species (ROS) by catalyzing the conversion of superoxide radical into hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and oxygen.	Superoxides	148-166	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Gallus gallus	24-30
27540894-5	2017	We observed that the level of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), an enzyme responsible for reducing superoxide radicals in mitochondria, was increased by RANKL.	Superoxides	44-54	tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 11	Mus musculus	164-169
27916526-7	2017	Conversely, knockdown of transformer in chromosomal females eliminates the female-specific Lon isoform expression, Lon proteolytic activity induction, and H2O2 stress adaptation and produces the male-specific paraquat (superoxide) stress adaptation.	Superoxides	219-229	lon peptidase 1, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	91-94
27978828-16	2016	FAK inhibition induced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, which was counteracted by bryostatin, and increased superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production.	Superoxides	117-127	PTK2 protein tyrosine kinase 2	Mus musculus	0-3
27565711-9	2016	Silencing of PiT-1/2 prevented Pi-induced superoxide generation and mPT, and restored insulin secretion.	Superoxides	42-52	solute carrier family 20 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	13-18
27838438-2	2016	In vascular smooth muscle cells, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) activates VRAC via type 1 TNFalpha receptors (TNFR1), and this requires superoxide (O2 -) production by NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1).	Superoxides	144-154	TNF receptor superfamily member 1A	Homo sapiens	118-123
27838438-9	2016	Thus, O2 - is the critical extracellular oxidant for TNFR signal transduction.	Superoxides	6-8	TNF receptor superfamily member 1A	Homo sapiens	53-57
27838438-13	2016	It is required for extracellular O2 - production, which is in turn essential for TNFR1 endocytosis.	Superoxides	33-35	TNF receptor superfamily member 1A	Homo sapiens	81-86
27742885-10	2016	Although aln-3 mutants take up and store more Cd within their leaf tissue, they contain less damaging superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	102-112	allantoinase	Arabidopsis thaliana	9-12
27897258-5	2016	Analysis of the underlying mechanisms revealed that STZ + EDA-/- mice show increased oxidative stress as demonstrated by enhanced aortic superoxide anion, nitrotyrosine levels and expression of NADPH oxidase NOX4 and TGF-beta1, the last two being reverted by treatment with the antioxidant n-acetylcysteine.	Superoxides	137-153	ectodysplasin-A	Mus musculus	58-61
27932980-5	2016	TNF-alpha markedly stimulated NADPH oxidase activation and ROS including superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production which were inhibited by pretreatment with a TNFR1 neutralizing antibody, APO, DPI or transfection with siRNA of TRAF2, ASK1, or p47 phox .	Superoxides	73-83	TNF receptor superfamily member 1A	Homo sapiens	161-166
27497729-3	2016	These new homologues (Nox1-Nox5) produce low levels of superoxides compared to the phagocytic homologue Nox2/gp91phox.	Superoxides	55-66	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	27-31
27328698-1	2016	The repair of PSII under strong light is particularly sensitive to reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as the superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide, and these ROS are efficiently scavenged by superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase.	Superoxides	110-128	pfam00199	Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942	226-234
27391159-3	2016	As reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to promote cancer cell invasion, we investigated on the hypothesis that gelsolin-induced changes in ROS levels may mediate the invasive capacity of colon cancer cells.Herein, we show that increased gelsolin enhances the invasive capacity of colon cancer cells, and this is mediated via gelsolin"s effects in elevating intracellular superoxide (O2.-) levels.	Superoxides	381-391	gelsolin	Homo sapiens	121-129
27391159-3	2016	As reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to promote cancer cell invasion, we investigated on the hypothesis that gelsolin-induced changes in ROS levels may mediate the invasive capacity of colon cancer cells.Herein, we show that increased gelsolin enhances the invasive capacity of colon cancer cells, and this is mediated via gelsolin"s effects in elevating intracellular superoxide (O2.-) levels.	Superoxides	381-391	gelsolin	Homo sapiens	247-255
27329107-0	2016	Identification of a specific alpha-synuclein peptide (alpha-Syn 29-40) capable of eliciting microglial superoxide production to damage dopaminergic neurons.	Superoxides	103-113	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	29-44
27329107-0	2016	Identification of a specific alpha-synuclein peptide (alpha-Syn 29-40) capable of eliciting microglial superoxide production to damage dopaminergic neurons.	Superoxides	103-113	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	54-63
27329107-7	2016	RESULTS: We report alpha-Syn (29-40) as a specific peptide capable of activating microglial Nox2 to produce superoxide and cause dopaminergic neuronal damage.	Superoxides	108-118	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	19-28
27329107-9	2016	Exploring the underlying mechanisms showed that alpha-Syn (29-40) peptide triggered Nox2 to generate extracellular superoxide and its metabolite H2O2 by binding to the catalytic unit gp91 (phox) of Nox2; diffusing into cytosol, H2O2 activated Erk1/2 kinase to phosphorylate p47 (phox) and p67 (phox) and further activated Nox2, establishing a positive feedback loop to amplify the Nox2-mediated response.	Superoxides	115-125	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	48-57
27329107-9	2016	Exploring the underlying mechanisms showed that alpha-Syn (29-40) peptide triggered Nox2 to generate extracellular superoxide and its metabolite H2O2 by binding to the catalytic unit gp91 (phox) of Nox2; diffusing into cytosol, H2O2 activated Erk1/2 kinase to phosphorylate p47 (phox) and p67 (phox) and further activated Nox2, establishing a positive feedback loop to amplify the Nox2-mediated response.	Superoxides	115-125	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	183-187
27329107-9	2016	Exploring the underlying mechanisms showed that alpha-Syn (29-40) peptide triggered Nox2 to generate extracellular superoxide and its metabolite H2O2 by binding to the catalytic unit gp91 (phox) of Nox2; diffusing into cytosol, H2O2 activated Erk1/2 kinase to phosphorylate p47 (phox) and p67 (phox) and further activated Nox2, establishing a positive feedback loop to amplify the Nox2-mediated response.	Superoxides	115-125	milk fat globule EGF and factor V/VIII domain containing	Mus musculus	274-277
27329107-9	2016	Exploring the underlying mechanisms showed that alpha-Syn (29-40) peptide triggered Nox2 to generate extracellular superoxide and its metabolite H2O2 by binding to the catalytic unit gp91 (phox) of Nox2; diffusing into cytosol, H2O2 activated Erk1/2 kinase to phosphorylate p47 (phox) and p67 (phox) and further activated Nox2, establishing a positive feedback loop to amplify the Nox2-mediated response.	Superoxides	115-125	methionine aminopeptidase 2	Mus musculus	289-292
27037373-0	2016	Potential role of mitochondrial superoxide decreasing ferrochelatase and heme in coronary artery soluble guanylate cyclase depletion by angiotensin II.	Superoxides	32-42	FECH	Bos taurus	54-68
27037373-2	2016	We hypothesized that angiotensin II (ANG II) stimulation of mitochondrial superoxide by its type 1 receptor could function as a potential inhibitor of heme biosynthesis by ferrochelatase, and this could decrease vascular responsiveness to NO by depleting sGC.	Superoxides	74-84	FECH	Bos taurus	172-186
26592435-8	2016	Superoxide was increased significantly in PCLS, and Tiron and mito-Tempo dramatically attenuated the response, preventing claudin-4 and claudin-7 dissociation from ZO-1.	Superoxides	0-10	tight junction protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	164-168
27071400-11	2016	Abrogation of this feedback regulation by simultaneous knockdown of C/EBP-beta and Sirt3 exacerbated mitochondrial superoxide accumulation and culminated into endothelial cell death upon prolonged culture.	Superoxides	115-125	CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP), beta	Mus musculus	68-78
27071400-11	2016	Abrogation of this feedback regulation by simultaneous knockdown of C/EBP-beta and Sirt3 exacerbated mitochondrial superoxide accumulation and culminated into endothelial cell death upon prolonged culture.	Superoxides	115-125	sirtuin 3	Mus musculus	83-88
26896748-5	2016	2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (DMNQ), a superoxide generating agent, mimicked high glucose-suppressed SIRT2 and SIRT6 expression.	Superoxides	43-53	sirtuin 2	Mus musculus	105-110
27018067-6	2016	In addition, the increased production of ROS such as superoxide and hydroxyl radical by PM exposure increases MMPs including MMP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9, resulting in the degradation of collagen.	Superoxides	53-63	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	110-114
27018067-6	2016	In addition, the increased production of ROS such as superoxide and hydroxyl radical by PM exposure increases MMPs including MMP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9, resulting in the degradation of collagen.	Superoxides	53-63	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	125-130
26768586-13	2016	We demonstrate that GB decreases superoxide generation and the subsequent apoptosis through reduction of p53-mediated NOX4/p66(shc) pathway via up-regulation of miR214, resulting in attenuation of cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	33-43	DNA polymerase delta 3, accessory subunit	Homo sapiens	123-126
16272820-8	2006	A selective beta2-receptor antagonist, ICI-118551, reversed the inhibitory effect of beta2-agonists (PC, salbutamol, tulobuterol B) on N-formyl methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine-induced O2- production.	Superoxides	183-185	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	12-17
27487400-0	2016	The adaptor protein p40phox as a positive regulator of the superoxide-producing phagocyte oxidase.	Superoxides	59-69	neutrophil cytosolic factor 4	Homo sapiens	20-27
26708453-2	2016	The protein encoded by DHTKD1 has sequence and structural similarities to 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, and the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex can produce superoxide/H2O2 at high rates.	Superoxides	161-171	dehydrogenase E1 and transketolase domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	23-29
26703450-4	2016	Superoxide anion production increased only at 1 dpi in rIFN-gamma, rIFN-gammarel and rIL-4/13A injected pufferfish.	Superoxides	0-16	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	55-65
16272820-8	2006	A selective beta2-receptor antagonist, ICI-118551, reversed the inhibitory effect of beta2-agonists (PC, salbutamol, tulobuterol B) on N-formyl methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine-induced O2- production.	Superoxides	183-185	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	85-90
16150729-9	2005	Dihydroethidium fluorescence showed decreased superoxide generation due to PDIasODN.	Superoxides	46-56	prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit beta	Homo sapiens	75-83
26225842-10	2015	Irisin reduced the diabetes-induced oxidative/nitrative stresses evidenced by reducing overproduction of superoxide and peroxynitrite, and down-regulation of iNOS and gp91(phox).	Superoxides	105-115	fibronectin type III domain containing 5	Homo sapiens	0-6
16281056-1	2005	We have created P1 artificial chromosome transgenic mice expressing the human mitochondrial superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and thus generated mice with a physiologically controlled augmentation of SOD2 expression leading to increased SOD2 enzyme activities and lowered superoxide levels.	Superoxides	92-102	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	116-120
25764009-5	2015	Purified mutant eNOS and transfected cells generated less citrulline and NO, respectively, while superoxide generation was enhanced.	Superoxides	97-107	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	16-20
25764009-6	2015	In eNOS-KO, introduction of mutant eNOS caused a 2.3-3.7-fold increase in superoxide and peroxynitrite formation in the aorta and myocardium.	Superoxides	74-84	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	3-7
25764009-6	2015	In eNOS-KO, introduction of mutant eNOS caused a 2.3-3.7-fold increase in superoxide and peroxynitrite formation in the aorta and myocardium.	Superoxides	74-84	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	35-39
16485861-2	2005	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) plays a major role in protecting the mitochondrion from oxidative damage due to superoxide radicals and other excited oxygen species.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
26117319-2	2015	We found a positive correlation between TRX-1/PRX-1 and NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production (r=0.48 and 0.47; p&lt;0.001 for both) and IMT (r=0.31 and 0.36; p&lt;0.01 for both) adjusted by age and sex.	Superoxides	80-90	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	40-45
26117319-2	2015	We found a positive correlation between TRX-1/PRX-1 and NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production (r=0.48 and 0.47; p&lt;0.001 for both) and IMT (r=0.31 and 0.36; p&lt;0.01 for both) adjusted by age and sex.	Superoxides	80-90	peroxiredoxin 1	Homo sapiens	46-51
26111938-5	2015	Incubation with NOS inhibitor, Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, decreased superoxide anion indicating that uncoupled eNOS is most likely the source of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	79-95	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	122-126
26111938-5	2015	Incubation with NOS inhibitor, Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, decreased superoxide anion indicating that uncoupled eNOS is most likely the source of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	156-172	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	122-126
15964927-9	2005	The inhibitors of the Cl- channel, NPPB (0.1 mM) or DIDS (100 microM), partially prevented activation of superoxide-dependent current but were unable to reverse it.	Superoxides	105-115	natriuretic peptide B	Homo sapiens	35-39
26111938-9	2015	Existing evidence suggests that Abeta peptides-induced up-regulation of expression and activity of NADPH oxidase causes increased production of superoxide anion (.O2(-)).	Superoxides	144-160	amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein	Mus musculus	32-37
25362851-3	2015	When MnSOD is deficient, superoxide radical and its resulting reactive oxygen species (ROS) activate ligand binding to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha), suggesting that the activation of PPARalpha signaling is a major mechanism underlying MnSOD-dependent UCPs expression that consequently triggers the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, leading to increased aerobic glycolysis.	Superoxides	25-43	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Mus musculus	339-343
16215873-2	2005	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is critical to management of oxidative stress by catalyzing the formation of hydrogen peroxide from two superoxide anions.	Superoxides	143-160	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
26104799-13	2015	Mitochondrial superoxide production was increased after Cu(II)-Abeta stimulation.	Superoxides	14-24	amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein	Mus musculus	63-68
16215873-2	2005	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is critical to management of oxidative stress by catalyzing the formation of hydrogen peroxide from two superoxide anions.	Superoxides	143-160	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
16294028-9	2005	Increasing mitochondrial superoxide levels also increased the expression of Nox1 in parental cells.	Superoxides	25-35	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	76-80
25928802-6	2015	N-Acetylcysteine reduced the AZA antiproliferative effect in both cell lines, and GST-M1 overexpression increased both superoxide anion production and cytotoxicity, especially in transfected HCEC cells.	Superoxides	119-135	glutathione S-transferase kappa 1	Homo sapiens	82-85
25928802-7	2015	In this study, an in vitro model to study thiopurines" metabolism has been set up and helped us to demonstrate, for the first time, a clear role of GST-M1 in modulating AZA cytotoxicity, with a close dependency on superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	214-230	glutathione S-transferase kappa 1	Homo sapiens	148-151
26076008-5	2015	Superoxide production by NOX2 requires the p47(phox) (NCF1) subunit to organize the formation of the NOX2 complex on the cell membrane.	Superoxides	0-10	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	54-58
16322235-8	2005	Furthermore, the exogenous production of O2*- by the redox cycling compound menadione induced MEK-1-independent cellular growth and p42/44 MAPK phosphorylation in TSC2-/- cells but not in TSC2+/+ cells.	Superoxides	41-43	mitogen activated protein kinase kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	94-99
26076008-6	2015	Homozygous mutant mice (NCF1*/*) have a functional loss of their super oxide burst while heterozygous mice (NCF1*/+) retain this key function.	Superoxides	65-76	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	24-28
16373854-5	2005	Using mice that are completely deficient in gp91phox (a subunit protein of the superoxide producing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate [NADPH] oxidase), we found that CH-enhanced PA constriction to ET-1 was completely blocked (decreases in mean [+/- SE] maximal isometric tension from 5.43 +/- 0.35 to 3.33 +/- 0.19 mN; n = 7; p &lt; 0.01).	Superoxides	79-89	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	44-52
26047104-6	2015	In addition, CAI increased the content of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), decreased the activity, mRNA and protein expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and reduced the production of superoxide anion in calcified aortic tissue.	Superoxides	184-200	carbonic anhydrase 1	Rattus norvegicus	13-16
16373854-10	2005	Our results demonstrate that the CH-enhanced PA constrictor response to ET-1 is mediated by NADPH oxidase (gp91phox)-derived superoxide overproduction that may contribute to the pathogenesis of CH-induced PH.	Superoxides	125-135	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	107-115
16324151-0	2005	The superoxide-producing NAD(P)H oxidase Nox4 in the nucleus of human vascular endothelial cells.	Superoxides	4-14	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	41-45
25868872-5	2015	However, our simulation results predict that, when cytochrome c oxidase is inhibited during oxidation of succinate, ROS production at this site is eliminated and almost all superoxide in Complex I is generated by reduced FMN, even when the redox pressure for reverse electron transfer from succinate is strong.	Superoxides	173-183	formin 1	Homo sapiens	221-224
16324151-1	2005	The superoxide-producing NAD(P)H oxidase Nox4 was initially identified as an enzyme that is highly expressed in the kidney and is possibly involved in oxygen sensing and cellular senescence.	Superoxides	4-14	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	41-45
16324151-5	2005	The nuclear fraction of HUVECs exhibits an NAD(P)H-dependent superoxide-producing activity in a manner dependent on Nox4, which activity can be enhanced upon cell stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.	Superoxides	61-71	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	116-120
16324151-8	2005	Thus Nox4 appears to produce superoxide in the nucleus of HUVECs, thereby regulating gene expression via a mechanism for oxidative stress response.	Superoxides	29-39	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	5-9
16086438-0	2005	Expression of NOX1, a superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase, in colon cancer and inflammatory bowel disease.	Superoxides	22-32	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	14-18
16084485-2	2005	Activators include superoxide and reactive alkenals, suggesting new physiological functions for UCP2 and UCP3: their activation by superoxide when protonmotive force is high causes mild uncoupling, which lowers protonmotive force and attenuates superoxide generation by the electron transport chain.	Superoxides	19-29	uncoupling protein 3 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	105-109
16084485-2	2005	Activators include superoxide and reactive alkenals, suggesting new physiological functions for UCP2 and UCP3: their activation by superoxide when protonmotive force is high causes mild uncoupling, which lowers protonmotive force and attenuates superoxide generation by the electron transport chain.	Superoxides	131-141	uncoupling protein 3 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	105-109
16084485-2	2005	Activators include superoxide and reactive alkenals, suggesting new physiological functions for UCP2 and UCP3: their activation by superoxide when protonmotive force is high causes mild uncoupling, which lowers protonmotive force and attenuates superoxide generation by the electron transport chain.	Superoxides	131-141	uncoupling protein 3 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	105-109
16129811-10	2005	Although there were no changes in expression of the NADPH oxidase subunits, the increase in superoxide production was accompanied by an increase in GTP-loaded Rac1, an activator of the NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	92-102	Rac family small GTPase 1	Sus scrofa	159-163
15949904-1	2005	The activity of gp91phox, the catalytic subunit of the superoxide-generating respiratory burst oxidase, is stimulated by the regulatory subunits p47phox, p67phox and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	55-65	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	154-161
15821013-7	2005	In addition, a neutralizing antibody against TGF-beta1 abolished the cyclic stretch-dependent increases in both superoxide generation and VEGF expression.	Superoxides	112-122	transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein	Ovis aries	45-54
15769933-7	2005	N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an antioxidant, and MnTBAP, an inhibitor of superoxide, reduce high NaCl-induced superoxide activity and suppress both high NaCl-induced increase in TonEBP/OREBP transcriptional activity and high NaCl-induced increase in expression of BGT1mRNA, a transcriptional target of TonEBP/OREBP.	Superoxides	68-78	nuclear factor of activated T cells 5	Homo sapiens	173-179
15769933-12	2005	We conclude that the high NaCl-induced increase in ROS, including superoxide, contributes to activation of TonEBP/OREBP by increasing its transactivation.	Superoxides	66-76	nuclear factor of activated T cells 5	Homo sapiens	107-113
15769933-12	2005	We conclude that the high NaCl-induced increase in ROS, including superoxide, contributes to activation of TonEBP/OREBP by increasing its transactivation.	Superoxides	66-76	nuclear factor of activated T cells 5	Homo sapiens	114-119
15817612-11	2005	Compared with control cells, MnSOD-expressing DLD-1 POX cells generated a higher concentration of H2O2 owing to dismutation of superoxide radicals, which was elevated by POX.	Superoxides	127-137	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	29-34
15817612-12	2005	Thus, these data further suggest that the generation of superoxide radicals plays a crucial role in POX-induced apoptosis and the process is partially blocked by MnSOD.	Superoxides	56-75	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	162-167
15894290-2	2005	Since PDT with the photosensitizer phthalocyanine Pc 4 induces mitochondrial damage and the superoxide scavenger manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is localized to mitochondria, here we tested genetically the role of MnSOD in apoptosis and ceramide accumulation after photosensitization with Pc 4.	Superoxides	92-102	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	113-143
15894290-2	2005	Since PDT with the photosensitizer phthalocyanine Pc 4 induces mitochondrial damage and the superoxide scavenger manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is localized to mitochondria, here we tested genetically the role of MnSOD in apoptosis and ceramide accumulation after photosensitization with Pc 4.	Superoxides	92-102	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	145-150
15894290-6	2005	The data show that MnSOD affects sensitivity of cells to Pc 4-PDT-initiated apoptosis, and partly ceramide accumulation, suggesting that the processes are superoxide-mediated.	Superoxides	155-165	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	19-24
15922319-5	2005	Inhibitors of NAD(P)H oxidase, PKC, and the AT1 receptor were employed to study their effects on superoxide production.	Superoxides	97-107	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	44-47
15922319-6	2005	RESULTS: Superoxide production was stimulated by AngII and PMA and attenuated by AT1 receptor antagonists (mean percentage reduction 80.2%, P&lt;0.01) and inhibitors of PKC (mean reduction 94.8%, P&lt;0.001) and NAD(P)H oxidase (mean reduction 100%, P&lt; 0.001).	Superoxides	9-19	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	81-84
15922319-7	2005	CONCLUSIONS: AngII stimulates platelet superoxide production through activation of vascular NAD(P)H oxidase via the AT1 receptor and PKC.	Superoxides	39-49	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	116-119
15972506-12	2005	We identified proteins homologous to a number of proteins essential for superoxide production in human neutrophils and demonstrated that significant regions of the 67-kDa and 47-kDa insect proteins are identical to regions of the p67phox and p47phox proteins of neutrophils.	Superoxides	72-82	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	230-237
15824103-3	2005	Here we show that ectopic expression of Nox3 in various types of cells leads to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-independent constitutive production of a substantial amount of superoxide under the conditions where gp91(phox) and Nox1 fail to generate superoxide, i.e. in the absence of the oxidase organizers and activators.	Superoxides	175-185	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	228-232
15845888-13	2005	The phagocyte-type cytosolic components, p47phox and p67phox, significantly enhanced the NADH-induced superoxide production of the BAEC membranes, whereas the components failed to increase the NADPH-induced superoxide production.	Superoxides	102-112	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	41-48
15671037-3	2005	We previously showed that RelA-NF-kappaB functioned as a proapoptotic factor by activating the p53-signaling pathway in response to doxycycline-induced superoxide.	Superoxides	152-162	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	26-30
15851618-8	2005	Finally, mice lacking a functional gp91phox subunit of NADPH oxidase demonstrated normal NO-dependent regulation of myocardial O2 consumption after methionine feeding.	Superoxides	127-129	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	35-43
15699459-7	2005	Furthermore, adenoviral-mediated expression of a dominant-negative isoform of Rac1 (AdN17Rac1), a critical component for NADPH oxidase activation and O2*- production, significantly inhibited the increase in [Ca2+]i after Ang II stimulation.	Superoxides	150-152	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	78-82
18958662-1	2005	Assessment of the Effects of Selective and Nonselective COX-2 Inhibitors on Complement Activation, Superoxide Anion Production and Leukocyte Chemotaxis and Migration Through Endothelial Cells.	Superoxides	99-115	cytochrome c oxidase subunit II	Canis lupus familiaris	56-61
15574418-2	2005	Under conditions of L-arginine or tetrahydrobiopterin (BH(4)) depletion, nNOS also generates superoxide, O(2)(.	Superoxides	93-103	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	73-77
15574418-2	2005	Under conditions of L-arginine or tetrahydrobiopterin (BH(4)) depletion, nNOS also generates superoxide, O(2)(.	Superoxides	105-109	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	73-77
15780992-6	2005	SET complex nuclear translocation, which occurs within minutes of peroxide or GzmA treatment, is dependent on superoxide generation since superoxide scavengers block it.	Superoxides	110-120	granzyme A	Homo sapiens	78-82
15780992-6	2005	SET complex nuclear translocation, which occurs within minutes of peroxide or GzmA treatment, is dependent on superoxide generation since superoxide scavengers block it.	Superoxides	138-148	granzyme A	Homo sapiens	78-82
15780992-7	2005	Superoxide scavengers also block apoptosis by CTLs expressing GzmA and/or GzmB.	Superoxides	0-10	granzyme A	Homo sapiens	62-66
15591124-9	2005	Finally, we show that PKCdelta-deficient monocytes produce significantly less superoxide anion in response to ZOP stimulation, thus emphasizing the functional significance of the PKCdelta regulation of p67phox phosphorylation.	Superoxides	78-94	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	22-30
15591124-9	2005	Finally, we show that PKCdelta-deficient monocytes produce significantly less superoxide anion in response to ZOP stimulation, thus emphasizing the functional significance of the PKCdelta regulation of p67phox phosphorylation.	Superoxides	78-94	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	179-187
15591124-9	2005	Finally, we show that PKCdelta-deficient monocytes produce significantly less superoxide anion in response to ZOP stimulation, thus emphasizing the functional significance of the PKCdelta regulation of p67phox phosphorylation.	Superoxides	78-94	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	202-209
15525793-7	2005	RLP-stimulated superoxide and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels were significantly lowered with decreased expression of VCAM-1 and MCP-1 by transfection with As-LOX-1 as did polyinosinic acid (10 microg/ml, a LOX-1 receptor inhibitor).	Superoxides	15-25	oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1	Homo sapiens	162-167
15664623-3	2005	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes catalyze the breakdown of superoxide into hydrogen peroxide and water and are therefore central regulators of ROS levels.	Superoxides	61-71	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	0-20
15664623-3	2005	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes catalyze the breakdown of superoxide into hydrogen peroxide and water and are therefore central regulators of ROS levels.	Superoxides	61-71	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	22-25
15710429-1	2005	We previously reported that hypertrophy of vascular smooth muscle cells caused by prostaglandin (PG) F2alpha is mediated by the induction of NOX1, a catalytic subunit of NADPH oxidase that generates superoxide.	Superoxides	199-209	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	141-145
15492012-6	2005	This study also showed that overexpression of a dominant negative Rac1 was sufficient to abolish arsenic-induced O2*- production, implying that Rac1 activities are required for Cdc42-mediated NADPH oxidase activation in response to arsenic stimulation.	Superoxides	113-117	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	66-70
15492012-6	2005	This study also showed that overexpression of a dominant negative Rac1 was sufficient to abolish arsenic-induced O2*- production, implying that Rac1 activities are required for Cdc42-mediated NADPH oxidase activation in response to arsenic stimulation.	Superoxides	113-117	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	177-182
15458921-2	2005	RT-PCR and Northern hybridization demonstrated that H. pylori LPS stimulated expression of Nox1 and a novel p47(phox) homolog (Noxo1) mRNAs with a peak at 4 h, followed by upregulation of superoxide anion (O2-) generation.	Superoxides	188-204	NADPH oxidase 1	Cavia porcellus	91-95
15458921-2	2005	RT-PCR and Northern hybridization demonstrated that H. pylori LPS stimulated expression of Nox1 and a novel p47(phox) homolog (Noxo1) mRNAs with a peak at 4 h, followed by upregulation of superoxide anion (O2-) generation.	Superoxides	206-208	NADPH oxidase 1	Cavia porcellus	91-95
15469954-1	2005	Primary cultures of guinea pig gastric mucosal cells express NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1), a homolog of gp91(phox), and produce superoxide anion (O2-) at a rate of approximately 100 nmol.mg protein(-1).h(-1) in response to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from virulent type I strains.	Superoxides	122-138	NADPH oxidase 1	Cavia porcellus	78-82
15469954-7	2005	O2- production inhibited by LY-294002 was completely restored by transfection of an adenoviral vector encoding a constitutively active Rac1 but not an inactive Rac1 or a constitutively active Cdc42.	Superoxides	0-2	ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Cavia porcellus	135-139
15469954-7	2005	O2- production inhibited by LY-294002 was completely restored by transfection of an adenoviral vector encoding a constitutively active Rac1 but not an inactive Rac1 or a constitutively active Cdc42.	Superoxides	0-2	ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Cavia porcellus	160-164
15469954-9	2005	Thus the H. pylori LPS-stimulated O2- production in gastric mucosal cells appears to require two distinct events: 1) transcriptional upregulation of Nox1 and NOXO1 and 2) activation of Rac1.	Superoxides	34-36	NADPH oxidase 1	Cavia porcellus	149-153
15469954-9	2005	Thus the H. pylori LPS-stimulated O2- production in gastric mucosal cells appears to require two distinct events: 1) transcriptional upregulation of Nox1 and NOXO1 and 2) activation of Rac1.	Superoxides	34-36	ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Cavia porcellus	185-189
15917991-8	2005	Furthermore, transfection of an active mutant of MEK1 (ERK 1/2 kinase) markedly increased superoxide production in rat aortic smooth muscle cells, as detected by dihydroethydium staining, suggesting that ERK 1/2 activation stimulates ROS generation.	Superoxides	90-100	mitogen activated protein kinase kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	49-53
15917991-8	2005	Furthermore, transfection of an active mutant of MEK1 (ERK 1/2 kinase) markedly increased superoxide production in rat aortic smooth muscle cells, as detected by dihydroethydium staining, suggesting that ERK 1/2 activation stimulates ROS generation.	Superoxides	90-100	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	55-62
15917991-8	2005	Furthermore, transfection of an active mutant of MEK1 (ERK 1/2 kinase) markedly increased superoxide production in rat aortic smooth muscle cells, as detected by dihydroethydium staining, suggesting that ERK 1/2 activation stimulates ROS generation.	Superoxides	90-100	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	204-211
15513946-3	2005	This study also shows that TALK-1 and TALK-2 channels, expressed in Xenopus oocytes, are strongly and specifically activated by nitric oxide (obtained with a mixture of sodium nitroprussate (SNP) and dithiothreitol (DTT)), superoxide anion (obtained with xanthine and xanthine oxidase) and singlet oxygen (obtained upon photoactivation of rose bengal, and with chloramine T).	Superoxides	223-239	potassium channel, two pore domain subfamily K, member 16 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	27-33
15823721-2	2005	Under these circumstances, superoxide within the mitochondrial matrix directly activates uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2), and may also promote induction of this protein.	Superoxides	27-37	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	89-109
15823721-2	2005	Under these circumstances, superoxide within the mitochondrial matrix directly activates uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2), and may also promote induction of this protein.	Superoxides	27-37	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	111-115
15610954-2	2005	The major intracellular antioxidant enzymes, copper-zinc superoxide dismutase in the cytoplasm and manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) in the mitochondria, rapidly and specifically reduce superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	57-67	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	99-129
15610954-2	2005	The major intracellular antioxidant enzymes, copper-zinc superoxide dismutase in the cytoplasm and manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) in the mitochondria, rapidly and specifically reduce superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	57-67	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	131-137
15534883-2	2004	Manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide radicals, a major type of ROS, into hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-36
15452132-8	2004	Abeta1-42 peptides induced the NADPH oxidase-mediated production of superoxide radicals in neurons that was involved in the activation of N-SMase, but not A-SMase, via hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	68-78	sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 2	Homo sapiens	138-145
15452132-9	2004	Consistently, superoxide radicals generated by hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase also induced the activation of N-SMase, but not A-SMase, through a catalase-sensitive pathway.	Superoxides	14-24	sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 2	Homo sapiens	112-119
15574738-3	2004	We found that, after large stimulus-induced [Ca2+]i increases, O2- selectively produced by mitochondria near plasmalemmal sites of Ca2+ entry acts as a modulator to upregulate the two kinases, namely, CaMKII and PKA, whose activities are directly or indirectly phosphorylation dependent.	Superoxides	63-65	calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II gamma	Homo sapiens	201-207
15377659-7	2004	Moreover, the metal ion-dependent DNA cleavage by mNdK was mediated by superoxide radicals as detected by electron paramagnetic resonance.	Superoxides	71-81	NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 4	Mus musculus	50-54
15328354-8	2004	Charge compensation by the peptide backbone and preserved electronic properties of the superoxide access channel and docking site upon copper reduction may be the determinant factors for the high reaction kinetics of superoxide with both reduced and oxidized Cu,Zn-SOD.	Superoxides	87-97	superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Bos taurus	259-268
15328354-8	2004	Charge compensation by the peptide backbone and preserved electronic properties of the superoxide access channel and docking site upon copper reduction may be the determinant factors for the high reaction kinetics of superoxide with both reduced and oxidized Cu,Zn-SOD.	Superoxides	217-227	superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Bos taurus	259-268
15486091-3	2004	Deficiency of NOS1 (but not endothelial NOS, NOS3) leads to profound increases in XOR-mediated O(2)(.-) production, which in turn depresses myocardial excitation-contraction coupling in a manner reversible by XOR inhibition with allopurinol.	Superoxides	95-99	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	82-85
15486091-4	2004	These data demonstrate a unique interaction between a nitric oxide and an O(2)(.-) -generating enzyme that accounts for crosstalk between these signaling pathways; these findings demonstrate a direct antioxidant mechanism for NOS1 and have pathophysiologic implications for the growing number of disease states in which increased XOR activity plays a role.	Superoxides	74-82	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	226-230
15486091-4	2004	These data demonstrate a unique interaction between a nitric oxide and an O(2)(.-) -generating enzyme that accounts for crosstalk between these signaling pathways; these findings demonstrate a direct antioxidant mechanism for NOS1 and have pathophysiologic implications for the growing number of disease states in which increased XOR activity plays a role.	Superoxides	74-82	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	330-333
15166213-9	2004	Thus, we conclude that when Sod1p is absent a lysine auxotrophy is induced because Lys4p is inactivated in the matrix by superoxide that originates in the intermembrane space and diffuses across the inner membrane.	Superoxides	121-131	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	28-33
15016652-6	2004	Meanwhile KO mice exposed to hypoxia showed increases in renal mRNA for superoxide-producing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX4) and early significant increases in glutathione disulfide (GSSG)/glutathione (GSH), a marker of oxidative stress, compared with Wt mice.	Superoxides	72-82	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	154-158
15194473-0	2004	Vascular endothelial dysfunction and superoxide anion production in heart failure are p38 MAP kinase-dependent.	Superoxides	37-53	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	86-89
15194473-7	2004	Inhibition of p38 MAP kinase by treatment with the p38 MAP kinase inhibitor SB239063 (800 ppm in standard rat chow) reduced MAPKAPK-2 phosphorylation, preserved acetylcholine-induced relaxation (Rmax: 80+/-4%, p&lt;0.01), and reduced vascular superoxide formation.	Superoxides	243-253	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	14-17
15194473-7	2004	Inhibition of p38 MAP kinase by treatment with the p38 MAP kinase inhibitor SB239063 (800 ppm in standard rat chow) reduced MAPKAPK-2 phosphorylation, preserved acetylcholine-induced relaxation (Rmax: 80+/-4%, p&lt;0.01), and reduced vascular superoxide formation.	Superoxides	243-253	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	14-28
15194473-11	2004	Chronic p38 MAP kinase inhibition with SB239063 prevented endothelial vasomotor dysfunction through reduction of superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	113-129	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	8-11
15130279-2	2004	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a nuclear-encoded mitochondrial enzyme, which scavenges superoxide generated from the electron-transport chain in mitochondria.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
15130778-14	2004	The results also suggest that caution needs to be taken when interpreting the reported results on activation of MMPs where X/XO had been used as an "authentic" source of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	170-186	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Rattus norvegicus	112-116
15167450-11	2004	CONCLUSION: Patients with hypertension showed an enhanced formation of O2 in platelets that was not dependent on blood pressure but could be mediated by AT1 receptors via NADPH oxidase activation.	Superoxides	71-73	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	153-156
15108351-1	2004	A new superoxide-generating enzyme, NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4), contributes to osteoclastic superoxide production.	Superoxides	6-16	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	36-51
15108351-1	2004	A new superoxide-generating enzyme, NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4), contributes to osteoclastic superoxide production.	Superoxides	6-16	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	53-57
15108351-1	2004	A new superoxide-generating enzyme, NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4), contributes to osteoclastic superoxide production.	Superoxides	88-98	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	36-51
15108351-1	2004	A new superoxide-generating enzyme, NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4), contributes to osteoclastic superoxide production.	Superoxides	88-98	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	53-57
15108351-4	2004	Cotransfection of Nox4/P22 DNA resulted in enhanced superoxide production in osteoclasts, indicating that P22 may be a necessary factor for the Nox4 activity.	Superoxides	52-62	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	18-22
15370890-0	2004	Matrix metalloproteinase-2-mediated inhibition of Na+-dependent Ca+ uptake by superoxide radicals (O2*-) in microsomes of pulmonary smooth muscle.	Superoxides	78-88	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Bos taurus	0-26
15370890-0	2004	Matrix metalloproteinase-2-mediated inhibition of Na+-dependent Ca+ uptake by superoxide radicals (O2*-) in microsomes of pulmonary smooth muscle.	Superoxides	99-102	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Bos taurus	0-26
15370890-1	2004	Treatment of microsomes (preferably enriched with endoplasmic reticulum) isolated from bovine pulmonary artery smooth muscle tissue with the O2*- -generating system (hypoxanthine (HPX) plus xanthine oxidase (XO)), markedly stimulated matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activity and also enhanced Ca2+ ATPase activity and ATP-dependent Ca2+ uptake.	Superoxides	141-144	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Bos taurus	234-260
15370890-1	2004	Treatment of microsomes (preferably enriched with endoplasmic reticulum) isolated from bovine pulmonary artery smooth muscle tissue with the O2*- -generating system (hypoxanthine (HPX) plus xanthine oxidase (XO)), markedly stimulated matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activity and also enhanced Ca2+ ATPase activity and ATP-dependent Ca2+ uptake.	Superoxides	141-144	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Bos taurus	262-267
15370890-1	2004	Treatment of microsomes (preferably enriched with endoplasmic reticulum) isolated from bovine pulmonary artery smooth muscle tissue with the O2*- -generating system (hypoxanthine (HPX) plus xanthine oxidase (XO)), markedly stimulated matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activity and also enhanced Ca2+ ATPase activity and ATP-dependent Ca2+ uptake.	Superoxides	141-144	carbonic anhydrase 2	Bos taurus	296-307
15064408-4	2004	Activity assays with pure proteins and cell extracts reveal that O(2) (or superoxide) is required for activation of SOD1 by CCS.	Superoxides	74-84	copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase	Homo sapiens	124-127
15018733-1	2004	Pancreatic cancer has low levels of antioxidant enzymes including manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), which converts superoxide radical (O(2)(*-)) into hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), which converts H(2)O(2) into water.	Superoxides	121-139	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	66-96
15018733-1	2004	Pancreatic cancer has low levels of antioxidant enzymes including manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), which converts superoxide radical (O(2)(*-)) into hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), which converts H(2)O(2) into water.	Superoxides	121-139	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	98-103
15018733-1	2004	Pancreatic cancer has low levels of antioxidant enzymes including manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), which converts superoxide radical (O(2)(*-)) into hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), which converts H(2)O(2) into water.	Superoxides	141-145	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	66-96
15018733-1	2004	Pancreatic cancer has low levels of antioxidant enzymes including manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), which converts superoxide radical (O(2)(*-)) into hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), which converts H(2)O(2) into water.	Superoxides	141-145	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	98-103
15233295-5	2004	The oxidative activation was evident from release of significantly high levels of superoxide and nitric oxide radicals liberated by macrophages of animals treated with histone H1 (P &lt; 0.001) than in untreated animals.	Superoxides	82-92	H1.0 linker histone	Mus musculus	168-178
15233295-6	2004	In addition, the higher activities of superoxide dismutase indicated protective effect of histone H1, to keep away the macrophages from noxious effects of superoxide.	Superoxides	38-48	H1.0 linker histone	Mus musculus	90-100
14718263-4	2004	U46619, PGF2alpha and 8-isoprostane F2alpha promoted the formation of O2*- in PA segments, PAVSMCs and PAECs, an effect inhibited by diphenyleneiodonium and apocynin (both NADPH oxidase inhibitors) and upregulated the expression of gp91phox in PAECs and PAVSMCs.	Superoxides	70-73	cytochrome b-245 heavy chain	Sus scrofa	232-240
26980705-4	2016	HFD significantly enhanced the Asm activity, ceramide production, colocalization of Nlrp3 (Nod-like receptor protein 3) with ASC (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein) or Caspase-1, NADPH-dependent superoxide (O2( -)) production in glomeruli of Asm(+/+) mice than in control diet-fed mice.	Superoxides	201-211	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	84-89
26980705-4	2016	HFD significantly enhanced the Asm activity, ceramide production, colocalization of Nlrp3 (Nod-like receptor protein 3) with ASC (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein) or Caspase-1, NADPH-dependent superoxide (O2( -)) production in glomeruli of Asm(+/+) mice than in control diet-fed mice.	Superoxides	213-215	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	84-89
26980705-5	2016	However, such HFD-induced increases in Asm activity, ceramide production, colocalization of Nlrp3 with ASC or Caspase-1, superoxide (O(2 -)) production was attenuated in Asm(-/-) or Asm shRNA-transfected wild-type mice.	Superoxides	121-131	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	92-97
26992258-0	2016	Curcumin Rescues Diabetic Renal Fibrosis by Targeting Superoxide-Mediated Wnt Signaling Pathways.	Superoxides	54-64	Wnt family member 2	Rattus norvegicus	74-77
26992258-2	2016	Wnt5a/beta-catenin depression and induction of superoxide synthesis are associated with high glucose (HG) induced transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 and fibronectin expression in mesangial cells.	Superoxides	47-57	fibronectin 1	Rattus norvegicus	157-168
26754589-8	2016	MT-I/II showed antioxidant effects against high concentrations of iodide-induced mitochondrial superoxide production in the thyroid.	Superoxides	95-105	metallothionein 3	Mus musculus	0-7
26967197-2	2016	Dysfunctional eNOS such as uncoupling of eNOS leads to decrease in NO bioavailability and increase in superoxide anion (O2(.-)) production, and in turn promotes cardiovascular diseases.	Superoxides	102-118	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	14-18
26967197-2	2016	Dysfunctional eNOS such as uncoupling of eNOS leads to decrease in NO bioavailability and increase in superoxide anion (O2(.-)) production, and in turn promotes cardiovascular diseases.	Superoxides	102-118	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	41-45
26967197-2	2016	Dysfunctional eNOS such as uncoupling of eNOS leads to decrease in NO bioavailability and increase in superoxide anion (O2(.-)) production, and in turn promotes cardiovascular diseases.	Superoxides	120-122	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	14-18
26967197-2	2016	Dysfunctional eNOS such as uncoupling of eNOS leads to decrease in NO bioavailability and increase in superoxide anion (O2(.-)) production, and in turn promotes cardiovascular diseases.	Superoxides	120-122	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	41-45
26768586-7	2016	Over-expression of NOX4 or p66(shc) suppressed the inhibitory effects of GB on superoxide generation and the protective effects of GB on loss of cell viability and apoptosis associated with cisplatin.	Superoxides	79-89	DNA polymerase delta 3, accessory subunit	Homo sapiens	27-30
27293512-2	2016	At molecular level, in vivo SOD3 overexpression reduces superoxide anion (O2 (-)) concentration and increases mitogen kinase activation suggesting that SOD3 could have life-supporting characteristics.	Superoxides	56-72	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	28-32
27293512-2	2016	At molecular level, in vivo SOD3 overexpression reduces superoxide anion (O2 (-)) concentration and increases mitogen kinase activation suggesting that SOD3 could have life-supporting characteristics.	Superoxides	74-80	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	28-32
27313832-5	2016	SOD-TAT or GST-TAT-SOD pretreatment 3 h prior to radiation protects irradiated normal liver cells against radiation damage by eliminating intracellular excrescent superoxide, reducing cellular MDA level, enhancing cellular antioxidant ability and colony formation ability, and reducing apoptosis rate.	Superoxides	163-173	glutathione S-transferase kappa 1	Homo sapiens	11-14
26408145-8	2016	On the other hand, overexpression of SlSOBIR1 significantly increased the expression of selected defense genes (PR-1a and PR-6) and exacerbated superoxide production in wounded leaves.	Superoxides	144-154	leucine-rich repeat receptor-like serine/threonine/tyrosine-protein kinase SOBIR1	Solanum lycopersicum	37-45
26627442-6	2016	Cytochrome b light chain (CYBA), encoded by a polymorphic gene, which is a critical component of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH)/NADPH oxidase system and plays an important role in electron transport and superoxide anion production, is located on chromosome band 16q24 and has six exons spanning almost 7.76 kb of genomic DNA.	Superoxides	217-233	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	0-24
26627442-6	2016	Cytochrome b light chain (CYBA), encoded by a polymorphic gene, which is a critical component of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH)/NADPH oxidase system and plays an important role in electron transport and superoxide anion production, is located on chromosome band 16q24 and has six exons spanning almost 7.76 kb of genomic DNA.	Superoxides	217-233	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	26-30
26658871-6	2015	We discovered that AS mice have increased levels of superoxide in area CA1 of the hippocampus that is reduced by MitoQ 10-methanesuflonate (MitoQ), a mitochondria-specific antioxidant.	Superoxides	52-62	carbonic anhydrase 1	Mus musculus	71-74
26640170-6	2015	Mechanistic analysis in cultured pulmonary epithelial cells (A549) suggests that STC1 inhibits thrombin-induced and PAR1-mediated ERK activation through suppression of superoxide.	Superoxides	168-178	coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor	Mus musculus	116-120
26636947-3	2015	We show that medin, the main constituent of AMA, can induce an environment rich in oxidative species, increasing superoxide and reducing bioavailable nitric oxide in human cells.	Superoxides	113-123	milk fat globule EGF and factor V/VIII domain containing	Homo sapiens	13-18
26269022-3	2015	Our laboratory recently demonstrated that superoxide-deficient nonobese diabetic (NOD.Ncf1(m1J)) mice exhibited a delay in type 1 diabetes (T1D) partially due to blunted IFN-gamma synthesis by CD4 T cells.	Superoxides	42-52	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	86-90
14718399-8	2004	Downregulation of Nox4 by an antisense oligonucleotide reduced superoxide production in endothelial cells in vivo and in vitro.	Superoxides	63-73	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	18-22
14728722-2	2004	Under physiologic conditions, the enzyme exists mainly as xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) but can be converted by proteolytic cleavage to its superoxide-generating form xanthine oxidase (XOD).	Superoxides	139-149	xanthine dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	58-80
14728722-2	2004	Under physiologic conditions, the enzyme exists mainly as xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) but can be converted by proteolytic cleavage to its superoxide-generating form xanthine oxidase (XOD).	Superoxides	139-149	xanthine dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	82-85
12958047-0	2003	Pioglitazone inhibits LOX-1 expression in human coronary artery endothelial cells by reducing intracellular superoxide radical generation.	Superoxides	108-126	oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1	Homo sapiens	22-27
14753753-2	2003	In the present study, we examined the significance of superoxide produced by macrophages by comparing the toxicity of acetaminophen in wild-type mice to mice deficient in gp91phox, a critical subunit of NADPH oxidase that is the primary source of phagocytic superoxide.	Superoxides	258-268	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	171-179
14674687-5	2003	26 min is longer than the period length of 24 min for the usual constitutive (CNOX) ECTO-NOX proteins of the cell surface and sera which neither generate superoxide nor reduce ferricytochrome c. The aging-related ECTO-NOX protein (arNOX) provides a mechanism to transmit cell surface oxidative changes to surrounding cells and circulating lipoproteins potentially important to atherogenesis.	Superoxides	154-164	tripartite motif containing 33	Homo sapiens	84-88
14592463-1	2003	We have measured the rates of superoxide anion generation by cytochrome bc(1) complexes isolated from bovine heart and yeast mitochondria and by cytochrome bc(1) complexes from yeast mutants in which the midpoint potentials of the cytochrome b hemes and the Rieske iron-sulfur cluster were altered by mutations in those proteins.	Superoxides	30-46	cytochrome b	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	61-73
14592463-5	2003	Changes in the midpoint potentials of the cytochrome b hemes had no significant effect on the rate of cytochrome c reduction and only a small effect on the rate of superoxide anion formation.	Superoxides	164-180	cytochrome b	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	42-54
14517226-0	2003	Endothelin-1 stimulates arterial VCAM-1 expression via NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide in mineralocorticoid hypertension.	Superoxides	77-87	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	33-39
14517226-3	2003	This study tested the hypothesis that ET-1 augments arterial VCAM-1 expression through NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide (O2-).	Superoxides	109-119	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	61-67
14517226-3	2003	This study tested the hypothesis that ET-1 augments arterial VCAM-1 expression through NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide (O2-).	Superoxides	121-123	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	61-67
14517226-8	2003	The results of this study indicate that ET-1 stimulates arterial VCAM-1 expression by producing O2- from an ETA receptor/NADPH oxidase pathway in low-renin mineralocorticoid hypertension.	Superoxides	96-98	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	65-71
14517226-8	2003	The results of this study indicate that ET-1 stimulates arterial VCAM-1 expression by producing O2- from an ETA receptor/NADPH oxidase pathway in low-renin mineralocorticoid hypertension.	Superoxides	96-98	endothelin receptor type A	Rattus norvegicus	108-111
12943965-5	2003	At higher concentrations, carotenoid cleavage products inhibited superoxide production in the presence of both PMA and f-MLP.	Superoxides	65-75	cysteine and glycine rich protein 3	Homo sapiens	121-124
12826260-6	2003	This calcium-dependent contractility action observed in aorta rings from arsenate-exposed rabbits was markedly attenuated by the superoxide (O2(.-)) scavenging enzyme Cu, Zn-SOD, as well as diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) or N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), which are inhibitors for nitric oxide synthase (NOS).	Superoxides	129-139	nitric oxide synthase, brain	Oryctolagus cuniculus	289-310
12826260-6	2003	This calcium-dependent contractility action observed in aorta rings from arsenate-exposed rabbits was markedly attenuated by the superoxide (O2(.-)) scavenging enzyme Cu, Zn-SOD, as well as diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) or N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), which are inhibitors for nitric oxide synthase (NOS).	Superoxides	141-143	nitric oxide synthase, brain	Oryctolagus cuniculus	289-310
12817011-0	2003	NAD(P)H oxidase 1, a product of differentiated colon epithelial cells, can partially replace glycoprotein 91phox in the regulated production of superoxide by phagocytes.	Superoxides	144-154	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	0-17
12817011-6	2003	Transduction with retrovirus encoding Nox1 restored activation and differentiation-dependent superoxide production in gp91(phox)-deficient PLB-985 cells, indicating close functional similarities to the phagocyte oxidase (phox).	Superoxides	93-103	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	38-42
12817011-8	2003	Finally, Nox1 partially restores superoxide production in neutrophils differentiating ex vivo from gp91(phox)-deficient CD34(+) peripheral blood-derived stem cells derived from patients with X-linked chronic granulomatous disease.	Superoxides	33-43	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	9-13
12817011-9	2003	These studies demonstrate a significant functional homology (cofactor-dependent and activation-regulated superoxide production) between Nox1 and its closest homologue, gp91(phox), suggesting that targeted up-regulation of Nox1 expression in phagocytic cells could provide a novel approach in the molecular treatment of chronic granulomatous disease.	Superoxides	105-115	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	136-140
12817011-9	2003	These studies demonstrate a significant functional homology (cofactor-dependent and activation-regulated superoxide production) between Nox1 and its closest homologue, gp91(phox), suggesting that targeted up-regulation of Nox1 expression in phagocytic cells could provide a novel approach in the molecular treatment of chronic granulomatous disease.	Superoxides	105-115	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	222-226
12832676-5	2003	RESULTS: LPS, IL-1alpha, and TNF-alpha promoted the formation of O(2)(*-) from PA compared with untreated controls in a time and dose dependent manner, an effect markedly enhanced by removal of the endothelium but completely inhibited by the NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenylene iodonium chloride (DPI).	Superoxides	65-69	tumor necrosis factor	Sus scrofa	29-38
12813003-5	2003	4 Superoxide anions, but not Ca(2+), decreased citrate synthase and dehydrogenase enzymatic activities and dropped total mitochondrial NAD(P)H levels.	Superoxides	2-19	citrate synthase	Rattus norvegicus	47-63
12771544-9	2003	CONCLUSIONS: PKCalpha, beta and delta are not involved in PAF-induced CD11b expression, but PKCdelta is involved in the PAF-induced activation of superoxide anion generation.	Superoxides	146-162	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	92-100
12759446-5	2003	In contrast, superoxide production is normal in Rac1-deficient neutrophils but markedly diminished in Rac2 null cells.	Superoxides	13-23	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	48-52
12892378-4	2003	Treatment of the MgD rats with the specific SP-receptor (SPR) blocker, L-703,606 (1 mg/kg/day as s.c. implanted sustained-release pellets) attenuated the superoxide anion producing activity by 75% (p &lt; 0.025).	Superoxides	154-170	sepiapterin reductase	Rattus norvegicus	44-55
12892378-4	2003	Treatment of the MgD rats with the specific SP-receptor (SPR) blocker, L-703,606 (1 mg/kg/day as s.c. implanted sustained-release pellets) attenuated the superoxide anion producing activity by 75% (p &lt; 0.025).	Superoxides	154-170	sepiapterin reductase	Rattus norvegicus	57-60
12595345-12	2003	Ang II at a subvasomotor level impairs endothelium-dependent NO-mediated dilation attributable to elevated superoxide production via AT1 receptor activation of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	107-117	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	133-136
12473664-0	2003	Two novel proteins activate superoxide generation by the NADPH oxidase NOX1.	Superoxides	28-38	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	71-75
12473664-2	2003	However, superoxide generation by NOX1 has been difficult to demonstrate.	Superoxides	9-19	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	34-38
12473664-3	2003	Here we show that NOX1 generates superoxide when co-expressed with the p47(phox) and p67(phox) subunits of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase but not when expressed by itself.	Superoxides	33-43	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	18-22
26456056-0	2015	Nox5 stability and superoxide production is regulated by C-terminal binding of Hsp90 and CO-chaperones.	Superoxides	19-29	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	79-84
26456056-4	2015	In isolated enzyme activity assays, we found that Hsp90 inhibitors selectively decrease superoxide, but not hydrogen peroxide, production.	Superoxides	88-98	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	50-55
26456056-5	2015	The addition of Hsp90 alone only modestly increases Nox5 enzyme activity but in combination with the co-chaperones, Hsp70, HOP, Hsp40, and p23 it robustly stimulated superoxide, but not hydrogen peroxide, production.	Superoxides	166-176	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	16-21
26456056-5	2015	The addition of Hsp90 alone only modestly increases Nox5 enzyme activity but in combination with the co-chaperones, Hsp70, HOP, Hsp40, and p23 it robustly stimulated superoxide, but not hydrogen peroxide, production.	Superoxides	166-176	stress induced phosphoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	123-126
26456056-5	2015	The addition of Hsp90 alone only modestly increases Nox5 enzyme activity but in combination with the co-chaperones, Hsp70, HOP, Hsp40, and p23 it robustly stimulated superoxide, but not hydrogen peroxide, production.	Superoxides	166-176	prostaglandin E synthase 3	Homo sapiens	139-142
26456056-14	2015	Silencing of HOP, Hsp40 and p23 reduced Nox5-dependent superoxide.	Superoxides	55-65	stress induced phosphoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	13-16
26456056-14	2015	Silencing of HOP, Hsp40 and p23 reduced Nox5-dependent superoxide.	Superoxides	55-65	prostaglandin E synthase 3	Homo sapiens	28-31
26456056-14	2015	Silencing of HOP, Hsp40 and p23 reduced Nox5-dependent superoxide.	Superoxides	55-65	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	40-44
26456056-17	2015	Collectively these results show that the C-terminal region of Nox5 binds to the M domain of Hsp90 and that the binding of Hsp90 and select co-chaperones facilitate oligomerization and the efficient production of superoxide.	Superoxides	212-222	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	62-66
26456056-17	2015	Collectively these results show that the C-terminal region of Nox5 binds to the M domain of Hsp90 and that the binding of Hsp90 and select co-chaperones facilitate oligomerization and the efficient production of superoxide.	Superoxides	212-222	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	122-127
26456836-11	2015	Curcumin also inhibited superoxide anion-induced leukocyte recruitment in the peritoneal cavity and in the paw skin inhibited myeloperoxidase activity, oxidative stress, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha production and NF-kappaB activation as well as enhanced IL-10 production, and HO-1 and Nrf2 mRNA expression.	Superoxides	24-40	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	271-275
26506135-0	2015	GRK2 compromises cardiomyocyte mitochondrial function by diminishing fatty acid-mediated oxygen consumption and increasing superoxide levels.	Superoxides	123-133	G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2	Mus musculus	0-4
26506135-5	2015	Overexpression of GRK2 in mouse cardiomyocytes resulted in an increased amount of mitochondrial-based superoxide.	Superoxides	102-112	G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2	Mus musculus	18-22
26506135-8	2015	Our study shows that independent of cardiac injury, GRK2 is localized in the mitochondria and its kinase activity negatively impacts the function of this organelle by increasing superoxide levels and altering substrate utilization for energy production.	Superoxides	178-188	G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2	Mus musculus	52-56
26660551-7	2015	Vascular superoxide levels as well as plasma levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) were selectively increased in HFD-fed eNOS(+/-) mice.	Superoxides	9-19	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	144-148
26660551-11	2015	The impairment produced by a HFD in eNOS(+/-) mice appears to be mediated by IL-6-induced increases in vascular superoxide.	Superoxides	112-122	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	36-40
26177467-9	2015	Silencing of the superoxide-generating NOX2 NADPH oxidase expressed in breast cancer cells resulted in the significant reduction of IKKepsilon expression.	Superoxides	17-27	inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase subunit epsilon	Homo sapiens	132-142
26393585-4	2015	The co-incubation of epirubicin with hepcidin in liposomes intensified the ROS production, including hydrogen peroxide and superoxide free radicals.	Superoxides	123-133	hepcidin antimicrobial peptide	Homo sapiens	37-45
26140661-7	2015	Comparable changes in COX-2 mRNA, miR-16 and c-Myc detected in dHUVEC were produced in nHUVEC exposed to transient high glucose and then stimulated with IL-1beta under physiological glucose levels; superoxide anion production was enhanced under these experimental conditions.	Superoxides	198-214	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	45-50
26161955-6	2015	DAPIT over-expression also increased mitochondrial membrane potential and superoxide level, and translocated the transcription factors hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha (Hif1alpha) and beta-catenin to the nucleus.	Superoxides	74-84	ATP synthase membrane subunit k	Homo sapiens	0-5
25109682-10	2015	In addition, HO-1 inhibition increased the level of superoxide anion production and the consumption of glutathione.	Superoxides	52-68	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
25762354-6	2015	We therefore consider it important to extend these studies to determine how GDPase and UDPase are affected after exposure of cells to oxidants such as menadione, a superoxide (O2 ( -))-generator, and H2O2.	Superoxides	164-174	ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 4	Homo sapiens	87-93
25762354-6	2015	We therefore consider it important to extend these studies to determine how GDPase and UDPase are affected after exposure of cells to oxidants such as menadione, a superoxide (O2 ( -))-generator, and H2O2.	Superoxides	176-184	ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 4	Homo sapiens	87-93
25797883-10	2015	Transfection of NOX5-specific siRNA and chemical inhibition of NOX5 abrogated calcium-induced superoxide production and increased caspase 3-mediated apoptosis in Karpas-299 cells.	Superoxides	94-104	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	16-20
25797883-10	2015	Transfection of NOX5-specific siRNA and chemical inhibition of NOX5 abrogated calcium-induced superoxide production and increased caspase 3-mediated apoptosis in Karpas-299 cells.	Superoxides	94-104	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	63-67
25680284-9	2015	Moreover, Notch1 blockade increased the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and gp(91)(phox), enhanced NO and superoxide production, and accelerated their cytotoxic reaction product, peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	117-127	notch 1	Mus musculus	10-16
25627876-13	2015	Superoxide production and content of the oxidative stress marker nitrotyrosine was higher in MCAs from Eln(+/-) compared with Eln(+/+) mice (P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	0-10	elastin	Mus musculus	103-106
25627876-14	2015	In the MCA, after incubation with the superoxide scavenger TEMPOL, maximal EDD improved by ~65% in Eln(+/-) (P = 0.002), but was unchanged in Eln(+/+) mice (P = 0.17).	Superoxides	38-48	elastin	Mus musculus	99-102
25659899-3	2015	ALA treatment of BPA attenuated ET-1-induced increases in mitochondrial superoxide (detected by MitoSox), STAT3 phosphorylation, and decreases in miR204 and SOD2 expression.	Superoxides	72-82	endothelin 1	Mus musculus	32-36
25659899-5	2015	ET-1 increased superoxide production and the detection of protoporphyrin IX fluorescence, suggesting oxidant conditions might impair heme biosynthesis by ferrochelatase.	Superoxides	15-25	endothelin 1	Mus musculus	0-4
25451639-7	2015	Incubation of Gch1(fl/fl)Tie2cre macrophages with dihydroethidium revealed significantly increased production of superoxide in the presence of iNOS expression, and an iNOS-independent, BH4-dependent increase in other ROS species.	Superoxides	113-123	GTP cyclohydrolase 1	Mus musculus	14-18
25310133-2	2014	Here we described the preparation of a novel Hb-HSA3 cluster with antioxidant activities and its O2 complex stable in aqueous H2O2 solution.	Superoxides	97-99	olfactory receptor family 6 subfamily C member 2	Homo sapiens	48-52
25285524-6	2014	Oxidative stress from menadione-generated superoxide induced JNK-dependent stathmin phosphorylation at Ser-16, Ser-25 and Ser-38 in hepatocytes.	Superoxides	42-52	stathmin 1	Homo sapiens	75-83
24382195-4	2014	RESULTS: Since they possess elevated manganese superoxide dismutase (Sod2) activity, young ccp1Delta cells accumulate low mitochondrial superoxide (O2( -)) levels but high H2O2 levels.	Superoxides	47-57	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Mesocricetus auratus	69-73
24382195-4	2014	RESULTS: Since they possess elevated manganese superoxide dismutase (Sod2) activity, young ccp1Delta cells accumulate low mitochondrial superoxide (O2( -)) levels but high H2O2 levels.	Superoxides	148-150	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Mesocricetus auratus	69-73
24911293-0	2014	Superoxide production by cytochrome bc1 complex: a mathematical model.	Superoxides	0-10	brain cytoplasmic RNA 1	Rattus norvegicus	36-39
25037566-9	2014	Moreover, after chronic sympathetic hyperactivity, uncoupling eNOS may be a significant source of superoxide anion and reduced NO bioavailability in small vessels, increasing the contractile tone.	Superoxides	98-114	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	62-66
24845607-8	2014	Consequently, c-MetDelta(hepa) mice showed significantly more TUNEL positive cells and more superoxide anion production than c-Met(loxPloxP) animals.	Superoxides	92-108	met proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	14-19
24634002-5	2014	Arsenic resulted in a time dependent inhibition of GR mediated by the superoxide anion.	Superoxides	70-86	glutathione-disulfide reductase	Rattus norvegicus	51-53
24511121-7	2014	Thrombospondin-1 also stimulated phosphorylation of p47(phox) (an organizer subunit for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 1/2) and increased production of superoxide, both of which were abrogated by knockdown or antibody blockade of SIRP-alpha.	Superoxides	181-191	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	52-61
24644242-11	2014	Our results demonstrate that the GTPCH I/BH4 pathway is critical to preserve EPC quantity, function, and regenerative capacity during wound healing in type 1 diabetic mice at least partly through the attenuation of superoxide and TSP-1 levels and augmentation of NO level.	Superoxides	215-225	GTP cyclohydrolase 1	Mus musculus	33-40
25244778-10	2014	RESULTS: ADM2 dramatically decreased the blood pressure in angiotensin II-induced hypertension rat model, enhanced plasma NO content and the activity of eNOS and reduced superoxide formation in vessel walls.	Superoxides	170-180	adrenomedullin 2	Rattus norvegicus	9-13
24420571-3	2014	By using BY-2 tobacco cells, it was shown that both NaCl- and sorbitol-induced PCD seemed to be dependent on superoxide anion (O2 (-)) generation by NADPH-oxidase.	Superoxides	109-125	respiratory burst oxidase homolog protein A-like	Nicotiana tabacum	149-162
24528254-7	2014	Furthermore, ghrelin and leptin prevented superoxide production, calcium rise and mitochondrial dysfunction triggered by AbetaO.	Superoxides	42-52	leptin	Homo sapiens	25-31
24669277-1	2014	AIM: Extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD) is a unique scavenger of superoxide anions and a promising target of gene therapy for ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R).	Superoxides	73-90	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	5-39
24669277-1	2014	AIM: Extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD) is a unique scavenger of superoxide anions and a promising target of gene therapy for ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R).	Superoxides	73-90	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	41-46
24505490-6	2014	We found that a relatively specific PKCalpha inhibitor, Ro-32-0432, dose-dependently inhibited PMA-induced superoxide production from Nox5.	Superoxides	107-117	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	134-138
24505490-11	2014	Exposure of endothelial cells to high glucose significantly increased PKCalpha activation, and enhanced Nox5 derived superoxide in a manner that was in prevented by a PKCalpha inhibitor, Go 6976.	Superoxides	117-127	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	104-108
24184207-4	2014	Previous studies suggested that superoxide anion and H2O2 generation are involved in T cell receptor (TCR)-dependent signaling.	Superoxides	32-48	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	85-100
24184207-4	2014	Previous studies suggested that superoxide anion and H2O2 generation are involved in T cell receptor (TCR)-dependent signaling.	Superoxides	32-48	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	102-105
24002659-8	2014	We interestingly found that superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide induced a diverse apoptosis level by differently inhibiting GI via NF-kappaB pathway.	Superoxides	28-44	glyoxalase I	Homo sapiens	127-129
23875703-8	2014	Losartan-induced up-regulation of HIF-1alpha and Wnt/beta-catenin signalling was associated with the recovery of IR-inhibited hepatic Bcl-2, Mn-SOD (manganese superoxide), Cu/Zn-SOD (copper/zinc superoxide) and GSH levels, and the suppression of IR-increased hepatic catalase and caspase 3/caspase 8 levels in MCD/HF-NASH rats.	Superoxides	159-169	Wnt family member 2	Rattus norvegicus	49-52
23875703-8	2014	Losartan-induced up-regulation of HIF-1alpha and Wnt/beta-catenin signalling was associated with the recovery of IR-inhibited hepatic Bcl-2, Mn-SOD (manganese superoxide), Cu/Zn-SOD (copper/zinc superoxide) and GSH levels, and the suppression of IR-increased hepatic catalase and caspase 3/caspase 8 levels in MCD/HF-NASH rats.	Superoxides	159-169	catenin beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	53-65
24931131-6	2014	Preexposure of PMNs to AGP at physiological levels impaired PMN phagocytosis for sperm and superoxide generation.	Superoxides	91-101	alpha-1-acid glycoprotein	Bos taurus	23-26
24504963-1	2014	The superoxide (O2 ( -))-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes comprises a membrane-imbedded heterodimeric flavocytochrome, known as cytochrome b 558 (consisting of Nox2 and p22 (phox) ) and four cytosolic regulatory proteins, p47 (phox) , p67 (phox) , p40 (phox) , and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	4-14	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	183-186
24504963-1	2014	The superoxide (O2 ( -))-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes comprises a membrane-imbedded heterodimeric flavocytochrome, known as cytochrome b 558 (consisting of Nox2 and p22 (phox) ) and four cytosolic regulatory proteins, p47 (phox) , p67 (phox) , p40 (phox) , and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	4-14	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	236-239
23974215-12	2013	Taken together our findings suggest that inhibition of PKCbeta regulates vimentin secretion and, thereby, its interaction with Dectin-1 and downstream stimulation of superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	166-182	vimentin	Homo sapiens	73-81
24060804-9	2013	These results suggest that elevated NF-kappaB, c-fos and RAR-alpha expressions and MMP-9 activity in the SHR are superoxide-dependent.	Superoxides	113-123	retinoic acid receptor, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	57-66
23730995-9	2013	Similarly, the superoxide generation in patients (P &lt; 0.005) and controls (P = 0.001) was significantly increased by GM-CSF.	Superoxides	15-25	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	120-126
23730995-11	2013	Enhancement of neutrophil phagocytosis and superoxide generation by GM-CSF requires further study.	Superoxides	43-53	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	68-74
24147028-7	2013	Additionally, WIN55,212-2 inhibits gp120-induced superoxide production by purified human microglial cells, inhibits migration of human microglia towards supernatants generated from gp120-stimulated human mesencephalic neuronal/glial cultures and reduces chemokine and cytokine production from the human mesencephalic neuronal/glial cultures.	Superoxides	49-59	inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4	Homo sapiens	35-40
23223967-8	2013	Thus, the low production of superoxide anions, subsequent to NADPH oxidase inhibition, might act by increasing the expression of Nrf2 and PPARalpha and by decreasing that of NF-kappaB, which, in turn, would enhance the antioxidant defense systems.	Superoxides	28-45	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Rattus norvegicus	138-147
23777333-11	2013	Mechanistically, enhanced superoxide production in neutrophils was associated with increases in levels of NAD(+) and NADP(+), as well as activation of NAD(+) kinase.	Superoxides	26-36	NAD kinase	Homo sapiens	151-164
23811078-3	2013	In vitro antioxidant assay, CLSP had noticeable scavenging activities on superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical.	Superoxides	73-89	calmodulin like 5	Homo sapiens	28-32
23965970-6	2013	Treatment of aortic segments from AS mice with apocynin, which interferes with NADPH oxidase activation in part by preventing translocation of the subunit p47phox, significantly reduced superoxide levels.	Superoxides	186-196	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	155-162
23940720-7	2013	Correspondingly, NOX1 gene silencing abolished ET-1-induced O2 - production and increased CD38-ADP-ribosylcyclase activity in CAMs, while activation of NOX1 by overexpression of Rac1 or Vav2 or administration of exogenous O2 - significantly increased CD38 internalization in CAMs.	Superoxides	60-62	endothelin 1	Mus musculus	47-51
23940720-7	2013	Correspondingly, NOX1 gene silencing abolished ET-1-induced O2 - production and increased CD38-ADP-ribosylcyclase activity in CAMs, while activation of NOX1 by overexpression of Rac1 or Vav2 or administration of exogenous O2 - significantly increased CD38 internalization in CAMs.	Superoxides	222-224	endothelin 1	Mus musculus	47-51
23951261-0	2013	Diabetes-induced superoxide anion and breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier: role of the VEGF/uPAR pathway.	Superoxides	17-33	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Rattus norvegicus	90-94
23951261-3	2013	The purpose of this study was to define the role of superoxide anion in VEGF/uPAR expression and BRB breakdown in diabetes.	Superoxides	52-68	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Rattus norvegicus	72-76
23665490-8	2013	The only effect of SDMA was observed for LPS-triggered superoxide production, which was significantly decreased in its highest concentration (50 muM).	Superoxides	55-65	histocompatibility Y	Mus musculus	19-23
23802190-1	2013	NOX (NADPH oxidase) plays an important role during several pathologies because it produces the superoxide anion (O2 -), which reacts with NO (nitric oxide), diminishing its vasodilator effect.	Superoxides	95-111	NADPH oxidase	Drosophila melanogaster	0-3
23802190-1	2013	NOX (NADPH oxidase) plays an important role during several pathologies because it produces the superoxide anion (O2 -), which reacts with NO (nitric oxide), diminishing its vasodilator effect.	Superoxides	95-111	NADPH oxidase	Drosophila melanogaster	5-18
23802190-1	2013	NOX (NADPH oxidase) plays an important role during several pathologies because it produces the superoxide anion (O2 -), which reacts with NO (nitric oxide), diminishing its vasodilator effect.	Superoxides	113-117	NADPH oxidase	Drosophila melanogaster	0-3
23802190-1	2013	NOX (NADPH oxidase) plays an important role during several pathologies because it produces the superoxide anion (O2 -), which reacts with NO (nitric oxide), diminishing its vasodilator effect.	Superoxides	113-117	NADPH oxidase	Drosophila melanogaster	5-18
23373855-4	2013	Diminished mitochondrial superoxide inhibited redox-dependent Akt, restored activity of mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase, and reduced HIF1-alpha and lactate dehydrogenase expression in cancer cells.	Superoxides	25-35	hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit	Mus musculus	138-148
23562731-3	2013	F2Pal16, containing the 16 amino acids present in the third intracellular loop of FPR2, induced superoxide production in human neutrophils and the activity was sensitive to FPR2 antagonists.	Superoxides	96-106	formyl peptide receptor 2	Homo sapiens	82-86
23674515-5	2013	Our hypothesis was that inflammation generates endogenous ligands for Dectin-1 that activate O2- production and thereby contributes to atherogenesis.	Superoxides	93-95	C-type lectin domain containing 7A	Homo sapiens	70-78
23674515-10	2013	Further data revealed that vimentin induces O2- production by human monocytes.	Superoxides	44-46	vimentin	Homo sapiens	27-35
23674515-12	2013	Vimentin also co-localized with Dectin-1 in macrophage-rich regions where O2- is produced.	Superoxides	74-77	vimentin	Homo sapiens	0-8
23674515-12	2013	Vimentin also co-localized with Dectin-1 in macrophage-rich regions where O2- is produced.	Superoxides	74-77	C-type lectin domain containing 7A	Homo sapiens	32-40
23674515-14	2013	Its presence in areas of artery wall inflammation and O2- production suggests that vimentin activates Dectin-1 and contributes to the oxidation of lipids and cholesterol accumulation in atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	54-56	vimentin	Homo sapiens	83-91
23674515-14	2013	Its presence in areas of artery wall inflammation and O2- production suggests that vimentin activates Dectin-1 and contributes to the oxidation of lipids and cholesterol accumulation in atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	54-56	C-type lectin domain containing 7A	Homo sapiens	102-110
23821198-10	2013	A significant accumulation of superoxide was detected in wild-type optic nerves following crush, and was reduced in mice overexpressing SIRT1 or treated with resveratrol.	Superoxides	30-40	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	136-141
23671003-0	2013	Pulse radiolysis studies on the reaction of the reduced vitamin B12 complex Cob(II)alamin with superoxide.	Superoxides	95-105	metabolism of cobalamin associated B	Homo sapiens	76-79
23671003-1	2013	O2.- scavenger: The rate constant for the rapid reaction of the ROS superoxide with the reduced vitamin B12 radical complex cob(II)alamin was directly determined to be 3.8x10(8) M-1 s-1.	Superoxides	0-2	metabolism of cobalamin associated B	Homo sapiens	124-127
23671003-1	2013	O2.- scavenger: The rate constant for the rapid reaction of the ROS superoxide with the reduced vitamin B12 radical complex cob(II)alamin was directly determined to be 3.8x10(8) M-1 s-1.	Superoxides	68-78	metabolism of cobalamin associated B	Homo sapiens	124-127
23454089-11	2013	Taken together, these data demonstrate that insulin increases glomerular barrier albumin permeability via a PKGI-dependent mechanism involving NAD(P)H-dependent generation of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	175-191	protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1	Rattus norvegicus	108-112
23620395-1	2013	In diabetes, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) produces superoxide anion rather than nitric oxide, referred to as "eNOS uncoupling," which may contribute to endothelial dysfunction, albuminuria, and diabetic nephropathy.	Superoxides	63-79	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	13-46
23708100-0	2013	Sod1 loss induces intrinsic superoxide accumulation leading to p53-mediated growth arrest and apoptosis.	Superoxides	28-38	transformation related protein 53, pseudogene	Mus musculus	63-66
23708100-9	2013	Our findings revealed that intrinsic O2 - accumulation promoted p53-mediated growth arrest and apoptosis as well as mitochondrial disfunction in the fibroblasts.	Superoxides	37-39	transformation related protein 53, pseudogene	Mus musculus	64-67
23640464-8	2013	Generation of mitochondrial superoxide was noted after hypoxic challenge; its reduction by antioxidants inhibited RIP signaling and cell necrosis.	Superoxides	28-38	receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	114-117
22998949-3	2013	In vitro, it has been demonstrated that OT decreases NADPH-dependent superoxide production and pro-inflammatory cytokine release from vascular endothelial cells and macrophages, suggesting that OT may attenuate pathophysiological processes involved with atherosclerotic lesion formation.	Superoxides	69-79	oxytocin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	40-42
22998949-3	2013	In vitro, it has been demonstrated that OT decreases NADPH-dependent superoxide production and pro-inflammatory cytokine release from vascular endothelial cells and macrophages, suggesting that OT may attenuate pathophysiological processes involved with atherosclerotic lesion formation.	Superoxides	69-79	oxytocin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	194-196
23614016-0	2013	Deletion of aldose reductase from mice inhibits diabetes-induced retinal capillary degeneration and superoxide generation.	Superoxides	100-110	aldo-keto reductase family 1, member B3 (aldose reductase)	Mus musculus	12-28
23614016-8	2013	Deletion of AR largely (P&lt;0.05) inhibited the diabetes-induced degeneration of retinal capillaries, as well as the increase in superoxide production by retina.	Superoxides	130-140	aldo-keto reductase family 1, member B3 (aldose reductase)	Mus musculus	12-14
23419712-7	2013	Superoxide anion-inducing agent LY83583 downregulated MYPT1 mRNA and protein levels, but did not affect the phosphorylation of MYPT1 and catalytic subunit of MP, PP1delta.	Superoxides	0-16	protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 12A	Mus musculus	54-59
23410942-5	2013	JunD(-/-) mice displayed an age-independent decline in endothelial nitric oxide release and endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity and increased mitochondrial superoxide formation and peroxynitrite levels.	Superoxides	163-173	jun D proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	0-4
23280471-7	2013	Tamoxifen-induced up-regulation of renal kallikrein expression increased nitric oxide production and dampened renal superoxide production and inflammatory cell infiltration, alluding to some of the pathways through which kallikreins may be operating within the kidneys.	Superoxides	116-126	kallikrein 1-related peptidase b9	Mus musculus	41-51
23232983-9	2013	The metabolic production of glutamate from proline proceeds by proline             dehydrogenase (PRODH), producing superoxide.	Superoxides	116-126	proline dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	98-103
22307865-3	2013	We therefore investigated leptin"s antioxidant mechanism on superoxide (O (2) (- ) ) anions using spectrophotometry and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR).	Superoxides	60-70	leptin	Homo sapiens	26-32
22307865-3	2013	We therefore investigated leptin"s antioxidant mechanism on superoxide (O (2) (- ) ) anions using spectrophotometry and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR).	Superoxides	72-77	leptin	Homo sapiens	26-32
23118353-0	2013	Protein disulfide isomerase in ALS mouse glia links protein misfolding with NADPH oxidase-catalyzed superoxide production.	Superoxides	100-110	prolyl 4-hydroxylase, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	0-27
24069041-6	2013	Despite the lack of a granule localized storage pool of receptors, the PAF-induced superoxide production could be primed; receptor mobilization was, thus, not required for priming of the PAF response.	Superoxides	83-93	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	71-74
23865358-7	2013	IMD also significantly inhibited ET1-induced increases in cardiomyocyte size and superoxide generation.	Superoxides	81-91	adrenomedullin 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
23865358-8	2013	CONCLUSIONS: IMD exerts an antihypertrophic effect on neonatal cardiomyocytes by reduced levels of superoxide, suggesting that an antioxidant action contributes to the antihypertrophic actions of IMD.	Superoxides	99-109	adrenomedullin 2	Rattus norvegicus	13-16
23001375-0	2012	Enhanced phosphoinositide 3-kinase(p110alpha) activity prevents diabetes-induced cardiomyopathy and superoxide generation in a mouse model of diabetes.	Superoxides	100-110	phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1	Mus musculus	9-34
22632894-4	2012	Increased glomerular superoxide levels were observed in SOD1(-/-)SOD3(+/+) and SOD1(-/-)SOD3(-/-) C57BL/6-Akita mice but not in SOD1(+/+)SOD3(-/-) C57BL/6-Akita mice.	Superoxides	21-31	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	65-69
22632894-4	2012	Increased glomerular superoxide levels were observed in SOD1(-/-)SOD3(+/+) and SOD1(-/-)SOD3(-/-) C57BL/6-Akita mice but not in SOD1(+/+)SOD3(-/-) C57BL/6-Akita mice.	Superoxides	21-31	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	88-92
22632894-4	2012	Increased glomerular superoxide levels were observed in SOD1(-/-)SOD3(+/+) and SOD1(-/-)SOD3(-/-) C57BL/6-Akita mice but not in SOD1(+/+)SOD3(-/-) C57BL/6-Akita mice.	Superoxides	21-31	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	88-92
22824301-10	2012	Additionally, a substantially increased level of mitochondrial superoxide production, and a markedly decreased repair capacity for oxidative DNA damage were observed in the mitochondria of both RecQL4 deficient human fibroblasts and RecQL4-suppressed cancer cells.	Superoxides	63-73	RecQ like helicase 4	Homo sapiens	194-200
22824301-10	2012	Additionally, a substantially increased level of mitochondrial superoxide production, and a markedly decreased repair capacity for oxidative DNA damage were observed in the mitochondria of both RecQL4 deficient human fibroblasts and RecQL4-suppressed cancer cells.	Superoxides	63-73	RecQ like helicase 4	Homo sapiens	233-239
23107895-1	2012	Renalase is a novel flavoprotein, highly expressed in kidney and heart, which metabolizes catecholamines and catecholamine-like substances via a superoxide (O2(-))-dependent mechanism using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) as a cofactor.	Superoxides	145-155	renalase, FAD dependent amine oxidase	Homo sapiens	0-8
23107895-1	2012	Renalase is a novel flavoprotein, highly expressed in kidney and heart, which metabolizes catecholamines and catecholamine-like substances via a superoxide (O2(-))-dependent mechanism using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) as a cofactor.	Superoxides	157-163	renalase, FAD dependent amine oxidase	Homo sapiens	0-8
23002436-11	2012	Our results also show that CL097 induced proline isomerase 1 (Pin1) activation and that juglone, a Pin1 inhibitor, inhibited CL097-mediated priming of fMLF-induced p47phox phosphorylation and superoxide production.	Superoxides	192-202	inhibitor of growth family member 1	Homo sapiens	164-167
22708815-0	2012	CYP2C29 produces superoxide in response to shear stress.	Superoxides	17-27	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily c, polypeptide 29	Mus musculus	0-7
22708815-1	2012	OBJECTIVE: Activation of CYP2C29 releases superoxide during shear stress-induced dilation (SSID).	Superoxides	42-52	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily c, polypeptide 29	Mus musculus	25-32
22708815-10	2012	CONCLUSIONS: CYP2C29 synthesizes EETs to mediate SSID, and simultaneously releases superoxide and sequential H(2)O(2), which in turn impair SSID.	Superoxides	83-93	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily c, polypeptide 29	Mus musculus	13-20
23772366-3	2012	RvE1 blocked p47phox translocation to plasma membrane induced by CSE in a macrophage cell line, RAW264.7 cells, resulting in suppression of superoxide production.	Superoxides	140-150	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	13-20
22920572-6	2012	The reactive species likely responsible for in vivo degradation appears to be superoxide anion, as the in vivo results were in agreement with in vitro degradation via superoxide anion, while cholesterol esterase, known to degrade similar poly(alkylene carbonate)s, had no affect on elastomer degradation.	Superoxides	78-94	carboxyl ester lipase	Homo sapiens	191-211
22930723-9	2012	RESULTS: In response to hyperoxia, enhanced eNOS expression led to increased NOS-derived superoxide and dysfunctional NO production, NT accumulation, and exacerbated vessel closure associated with tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) insufficiency.	Superoxides	89-99	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	44-48
22930723-12	2012	Enhanced recovery was also associated with neovascular tuft formation, which showed defective NO production and increased eNOS-derived superoxide and NT levels.	Superoxides	135-145	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	122-126
22829582-11	2012	Conversely, administration of either EUK134 or reduced hTrx, but not nitrated hTrx, attenuated MI/R-induced superoxide production, RAGE expression, and CML content and decreased cardiomyocyte apoptosis in diabetic mice.	Superoxides	108-118	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	55-59
22784235-0	2012	Uncoupling of eNOS causes superoxide anion production and impairs NO signaling in the cerebral microvessels of hph-1 mice.	Superoxides	26-42	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	14-18
22784235-3	2012	In the cerebral microvessels of hph-1(+/-) and hph-1(-/-) mice, increased superoxide anion production was inhibited by supplementation of BH(4) or NOS inhibitor- L- N(G) -nitro arginine-methyl ester, indicative of eNOS uncoupling.	Superoxides	74-90	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	214-218
22636674-6	2012	Similar to ANG II, addition of IL-18 also induced superoxide generation, activated NF-kappaB and AP-1, and stimulated SMC migration and proliferation, in part via Nox1, and both ANG II and IL-18 induced NOX1 transcription in an AP-1-dependent manner.	Superoxides	50-60	interleukin 18	Rattus norvegicus	31-36
22307906-6	2012	In response to LPS, MKP5-deficient macrophages produced significantly more inflammatory factors including inflammatory cytokines, nitric oxide, and superoxide.	Superoxides	148-158	dual specificity phosphatase 10	Mus musculus	20-24
22361747-0	2012	Dysregulated TLR3-dependent signaling and innate immune activation in superoxide-deficient macrophages from nonobese diabetic mice.	Superoxides	70-80	toll-like receptor 3	Mus musculus	13-17
22361747-2	2012	Superoxide-deficient nonobese diabetic mice (NOD.Ncf1(m1J)) are resistant to spontaneous diabetes, revealing the integral role of ROS signaling in T1D.	Superoxides	0-10	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	49-53
22459924-3	2012	In vitro antioxidant assays showed that FUP-1 exhibited strong hydroxyl, superoxide anion and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging activities.	Superoxides	73-89	BTB (POZ) domain containing 7	Mus musculus	40-45
22287576-5	2012	Increased endothelial superoxide production increased endothelial levels of vascular cell adhesion protein 1 and enhanced macrophage recruitment in early lesions in the aortic roots of 9-week-old mice, indicating increased atherosclerotic plaque initiation.	Superoxides	22-32	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Mus musculus	76-108
22147556-5	2012	The results revealed an over-expression of iNOS and HO-1 in the papilla, compared with that in the pulp, mediated by the nuclear factor kappa B transcription factor activated by the reactive oxygen species that acts as scavengers for the superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	238-248	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	52-56
22613645-1	2012	BACKGROUND: The p22phox is a critical component of the superoxide-generating vascular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase.	Superoxides	55-65	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	16-23
21604272-0	2012	NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide anion-induced apoptosis is mediated via the JNK-dependent activation of NF-kappaB in cardiomyocytes exposed to high glucose.	Superoxides	22-38	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Rattus norvegicus	77-80
22405822-11	2012	These results suggest that the stimulation of mouse iPS cells with AT(1)R may enhance LIF-induced DNA synthesis, by augmenting the generation of superoxide and activating JAK/STAT3, and that AT(1)R stimulation may enhance Col IV-induced differentiation into mesodermal progenitor cells via p38 MAPK activation.	Superoxides	145-155	angiotensin II, type I receptor-associated protein	Mus musculus	67-73
22219181-1	2012	We recently demonstrated that hyperoxia (HO) activates lung endothelial cell NADPH oxidase and generates reactive oxygen species (ROS)/superoxide via Src-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of p47(phox) and cortactin.	Superoxides	135-145	Rous sarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	150-153
22219181-1	2012	We recently demonstrated that hyperoxia (HO) activates lung endothelial cell NADPH oxidase and generates reactive oxygen species (ROS)/superoxide via Src-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of p47(phox) and cortactin.	Superoxides	135-145	milk fat globule EGF and factor V/VIII domain containing	Mus musculus	192-201
22395609-4	2012	Knocking down glutathione peroxidase-1 drastically increases superoxide anion in cells synthesizing mitochondrial gamma-glutamylcysteine.	Superoxides	61-77	glutathione peroxidase 1	Mus musculus	14-38
22158615-2	2012	Here we report that stimulation of DR4 and/or DR5 by the agonistic protein KD548-Fc, an Fc-fused DR4/DR5 dual-specific Kringle domain variant, activates plasma membrane-associated Nox1 NADPH oxidase to generate superoxide anion and subsequently accumulates intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to sustained c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation and eventual apoptotic cell death in human HeLa and Jurkat tumor cells.	Superoxides	211-227	TNF receptor superfamily member 10b	Homo sapiens	46-49
22158615-2	2012	Here we report that stimulation of DR4 and/or DR5 by the agonistic protein KD548-Fc, an Fc-fused DR4/DR5 dual-specific Kringle domain variant, activates plasma membrane-associated Nox1 NADPH oxidase to generate superoxide anion and subsequently accumulates intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to sustained c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation and eventual apoptotic cell death in human HeLa and Jurkat tumor cells.	Superoxides	211-227	TNF receptor superfamily member 10b	Homo sapiens	101-104
22223334-7	2012	This indicates that GS inhibits the production of superoxide by regulating a component of NAD(P)H oxidase, p22(phox).	Superoxides	50-60	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	107-110
22108622-4	2012	Using hydroethidine (Het) method, the fluorescent signal of the oxidized products of Het (reflecting O(2) (-) production) significantly increased (by 50%-60%) following 60 min lasting seizures in all the studied structures, namely CA1, CA3 and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, cerebral cortex and thalamus.	Superoxides	101-107	carbonic anhydrase 1	Rattus norvegicus	231-234
22064362-3	2012	Superoxide production was measured in attached INS1E cells as a function of glucose concentration, by following in real time the oxidation of dihydroethidine.	Superoxides	0-10	insulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	47-51
22511941-12	2012	NOX5 siRNA reduced amounts of NOX5 mRNA in RCSC and reduced ionomycin stimulated superoxide production.	Superoxides	81-91	NADPH oxidase 5	Oryctolagus cuniculus	0-4
22291917-0	2012	eNOS protects from atherosclerosis despite relevant superoxide production by the enzyme in apoE mice.	Superoxides	52-62	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	0-4
22291917-5	2012	Here, we evaluate how endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) modulates leukocyte/endothelial- (L/E) and platelet/endothelial- (P/E) interactions in atherosclerosis and the production of nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide by the enzyme.	Superoxides	210-220	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	22-55
22291917-5	2012	Here, we evaluate how endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) modulates leukocyte/endothelial- (L/E) and platelet/endothelial- (P/E) interactions in atherosclerosis and the production of nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide by the enzyme.	Superoxides	210-220	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	57-61
22291917-9	2012	Pharmacological inhibition and genetic deletion of eNOS reduced vascular superoxide production, indicating uncoupling of the enzyme in apoE(-/-) vessels.	Superoxides	73-83	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	51-55
22291917-10	2012	CONCLUSION: Overt plaque formation, increased vascular inflammation and L/E- interactions are associated with significant reduction of superoxide production in apoE(-/-)/eNOS(-/-) vessels.	Superoxides	135-145	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	170-174
22072715-0	2011	PPARdelta coordinates angiotensin II-induced senescence in vascular smooth muscle cells through PTEN-mediated inhibition of superoxide generation.	Superoxides	124-134	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Homo sapiens	96-100
21940665-9	2011	These findings suggest that endogenous angiotensin II-NADPH oxidase-superoxide signaling contributes to the enhanced HCN currents and the depressed cell excitation in the aortic baroreceptor neurons of diabetic rats.	Superoxides	68-78	cyclic nucleotide gated channel subunit alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	117-120
21799125-10	2011	The increased PA contractility induced by 100% O(2) was reversed by scavenging superoxide anions with superoxide dismutase and catalase.	Superoxides	79-96	catalase	Ovis aries	127-135
21708247-6	2011	The critical role of NADPH-oxidase-dependent superoxide generation in this cross-talk mechanism is corroborated by the finding that apocynin or a siRNA against p22(phox) prevents EGFR transactivation and c-Src kinase activity.	Superoxides	45-55	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	160-163
21703327-0	2011	Induction of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-homologous protein by cigarette smoke through the superoxide anion-triggered PERK-eIF2alpha pathway.	Superoxides	94-110	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3	Homo sapiens	121-125
21703327-8	2011	Induction of CHOP mRNA by cigarette smoke extract (CSE) was attenuated by scavengers for O(2)(-), ONOO(-) or NO, whereas scavenging H(2)O(2) did not affect the induction of CHOP.	Superoxides	89-93	choreoathetosis/spasticity, episodic (paroxysmal choreoathetosis/spasticity)	Homo sapiens	51-54
21703327-10	2011	Scavengers for O(2)(-), ONOO(-) or NO attenuated CSE-triggered activation of the CHOP gene promoter.	Superoxides	15-19	choreoathetosis/spasticity, episodic (paroxysmal choreoathetosis/spasticity)	Homo sapiens	49-52
21703327-11	2011	CSE, O(2)(-) and ONOO(-) induced phosphorylation of protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK) and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2alpha (eIF2alpha) and caused induction of downstream activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4).	Superoxides	5-9	choreoathetosis/spasticity, episodic (paroxysmal choreoathetosis/spasticity)	Homo sapiens	0-3
21703327-11	2011	CSE, O(2)(-) and ONOO(-) induced phosphorylation of protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK) and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2alpha (eIF2alpha) and caused induction of downstream activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4).	Superoxides	5-9	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3	Homo sapiens	83-87
21703327-12	2011	Scavengers for O(2)(-), ONOO(-) or NO attenuated induction of ATF4 by CSE.	Superoxides	15-19	choreoathetosis/spasticity, episodic (paroxysmal choreoathetosis/spasticity)	Homo sapiens	70-73
21703327-14	2011	These results suggest that O(2)(-) and ONOO(-) are selectively involved in CSE-triggered induction of CHOP and that the PERK-eIF2alpha pathway plays a crucial role in the induction of CHOP and apoptosis downstream of the particular reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	27-31	choreoathetosis/spasticity, episodic (paroxysmal choreoathetosis/spasticity)	Homo sapiens	75-78
21270097-3	2011	We hypothesize that aldosterone activates the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) on MD cells, resulting in increased O(2)(-) production due to upregulation of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-2) and NOX-2, and NOX-4, isoforms of NAD(P)H oxidase.	Superoxides	114-119	nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 2	Mus musculus	46-72
20919940-2	2011	We posited that atherogenic oscillatory shear stress (OSS) induced mitochondrial superoxide (mtO2 -) production via NADPH oxidase and c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK-1 and JNK-2) signaling.	Superoxides	81-91	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Bos taurus	163-168
21475303-7	2011	Short-term, but not prolonged inhibition of TAK1 interfered with the activation of p38/MAPK and JNK by OGD, the induction of the pro-oxidative genes Cox-2, Nox-2, and p40(phox), and the formation of superoxide.	Superoxides	199-209	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	44-48
21635197-7	2011	Ceramide-dependent signaling involves activation of extracellularly regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), downregulation of Period (Per)-aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (Arnt)-single-minded (Sim) kinase (PASK), activation of okadaic-acid-sensitive protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and stimulation of NADPH-oxidase with generation of superoxides and lipid peroxides.	Superoxides	343-354	aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator	Homo sapiens	183-187
22156677-5	2011	Superoxide radicals as secondary messengers involve in the induction of T cells viability and proliferative activity regulating genes (CD95L and IL-2) and by this way contribute modification of cell proliferation and apoptosis intensity.	Superoxides	0-19	Fas ligand	Homo sapiens	135-140
21966644-7	2011	RESULTS: Superoxide levels increased 1.4-fold in the muscle of mice with cancer cachexia, and this was associated with a decrease in mRNA of NOX enzyme subunits, NOX2, p40(phox) and p67(phox) along with the antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2 and GPx.	Superoxides	9-19	methionine aminopeptidase 2	Mus musculus	182-185
21723687-2	2011	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EcSOD) is the major scavenger of superoxide.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	36-41
21471960-6	2011	The superoxide-producing cells were Ly-6C(-)Ly-6G(+) and they expressed proinflammatory activities, exacerbating airway hyperresponsiveness in a superoxide-dependent fashion.	Superoxides	4-14	lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus C1	Mus musculus	36-41
21699186-2	2011	Thus, Acr(+)-H(2)P-Acr(+) acts as an efficient fluorescence sensor for superoxide.	Superoxides	71-81	acrosin	Homo sapiens	6-9
21699186-2	2011	Thus, Acr(+)-H(2)P-Acr(+) acts as an efficient fluorescence sensor for superoxide.	Superoxides	71-81	acrosin	Homo sapiens	19-22
21602838-4	2011	ClC-3 may function as a key component of the volume-regulated Cl(-) channels, a superoxide anion transport and/or NADPH oxidase interaction partner, and a regulator of many other transporters.	Superoxides	80-96	chloride voltage-gated channel 3	Homo sapiens	0-5
21194376-0	2011	Hsp90 regulates NADPH oxidase activity and is necessary for superoxide but not hydrogen peroxide production.	Superoxides	60-70	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
21194376-1	2011	The goal of this study was to identify whether heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) regulates the production of superoxide and other reactive oxygen species from the NADPH oxidases (Nox).	Superoxides	105-115	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	47-68
21194376-1	2011	The goal of this study was to identify whether heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) regulates the production of superoxide and other reactive oxygen species from the NADPH oxidases (Nox).	Superoxides	105-115	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	70-75
21194376-2	2011	We found that pharmacological and genetic inhibition of Hsp90 directly reduced Nox5-derived superoxide without secondarily modifying signaling events.	Superoxides	92-102	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	56-61
21194376-2	2011	We found that pharmacological and genetic inhibition of Hsp90 directly reduced Nox5-derived superoxide without secondarily modifying signaling events.	Superoxides	92-102	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	79-83
21194376-5	2011	Inhibitors of Hsp90 also reduced superoxide from Nox1, Nox2 (neutrophils), and Nox3.	Superoxides	33-43	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	14-19
21194376-9	2011	We conclude that Hsp90 binds to the C-terminus of Noxes1-3 and 5 and is necessary for enzyme stability and superoxide production.	Superoxides	107-117	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	17-22
21463685-4	2011	Under hypoxic conditions, multipotent RPCs upregulate Epo receptors, and Epo, along with insulin, protects against both superoxide- and severe hypoxia- (0.25% O2) induced apoptosis through activation of the canonical PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.	Superoxides	120-130	erythropoietin	Rattus norvegicus	73-76
21454694-7	2011	In cytokine-treated human lung microvascular endothelial cells, disruption of B1R-CPM heterodimers inhibited B1R-dependent NO production stimulated by bradykinin and blocked the increased endothelial permeability caused by treatment with bradykinin and pyrogallol (a superoxide generator).	Superoxides	267-277	carboxypeptidase M	Homo sapiens	82-85
21117892-6	2011	Superoxide anion output was associated with enhanced expression of osteopontin (x7.7) and accumulation of pro-collagen type I (x3.7).	Superoxides	0-16	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	67-78
21087144-5	2011	The current study demonstrates that DC cells signal a DNA damage response through p53 and its downstream mediator, p21(WAF/CIP), which is accompanied by an elevation in steady-state levels of superoxide and percent glutathione disulfide, both indicators of oxidative stress.	Superoxides	192-202	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	115-118
21087144-7	2011	Further, restoring telomerase activity or inhibiting p53 or p21(WAF/CIP) significantly mitigated growth inhibition as well as caused a significant decrease in steady-state levels of superoxide.	Superoxides	182-192	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	60-63
21087144-8	2011	Our results support a model in which telomerase insufficiency in DC leads to p21(WAF/CIP) signaling, via p53, to cause increased steady-state levels of superoxide, metabolic oxidative stress, and senescence.	Superoxides	152-162	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
21193407-12	2011	Stimulation with NB1-activating mAb triggered degranulation and superoxide production in mNB1(pos)/mPR3(high) neutrophils, and this effect was reduced using blocking antibodies to CD11b.	Superoxides	64-74	CD177 molecule	Homo sapiens	17-20
21156216-1	2011	Although extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD), which scavenges the superoxide anion in extracellular spaces, has previously been implicated in the prenatal pulmonary response to oxidative stress in the developing lungs, little is currently known regarding the schematic expression pattern and the roles played by EC-SOD during embryogenesis.	Superoxides	74-90	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	45-51
21072051-2	2011	Using targeted approaches against components of the superoxide-producing NADPH-oxidases, including NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2), NOX4 and the common p22(phox) subunit of NOX1-4, myeloid cells were found to display reduced cell growth and spontaneous migration.	Superoxides	52-62	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	143-146
20934416-1	2011	NADPH oxidase, catalysing superoxide radical (O2(.-)) formation, is considered as a main source of reactive oxygen species in kidneys and its increased activity is supposed to be involved in the development of diabetic nephropathy.	Superoxides	26-44	NADPH oxidase 1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	0-13
20934416-1	2011	NADPH oxidase, catalysing superoxide radical (O2(.-)) formation, is considered as a main source of reactive oxygen species in kidneys and its increased activity is supposed to be involved in the development of diabetic nephropathy.	Superoxides	46-48	NADPH oxidase 1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	0-13
20517322-7	2011	Evidence that eNOS was uncoupled was found in that nitric oxide availability was decreased, and superoxide and peroxynitrite concentrations were increased in the brains of mice with SAH.	Superoxides	96-106	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	14-18
21059996-7	2010	eNOS(-/-)/GCH(+/-) hybrid mice demonstrated that GTPCH preserved the circulating EPC number, reduced intracellular O2- in EPCs, and ameliorated EPC dysfunction independent of eNOS in DOCA-salt hypertension.	Superoxides	115-117	GTP cyclohydrolase 1	Mus musculus	49-54
21175423-7	2010	In this review, we enlightened various functions of histamine H(4) and use of histamine H(4) receptor antagonists in autoimmune diseases, allergic responses, inflammatory responses, and in superoxide generation which are helpful to establish H(4) receptor antagonists as newer anti histamines.	Superoxides	189-199	histamine receptor H4	Homo sapiens	78-101
20830300-3	2010	METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Our studies revealed that NADPH oxidase activity and superoxide (O(2)(-)) production in the hippocampal CA1 region increased rapidly after cerebral ischemia to reach a peak at 3 h post-reperfusion, followed by a fall in levels by 24 h post-reperfusion.	Superoxides	85-95	carbonic anhydrase 1	Rattus norvegicus	136-139
20830300-3	2010	METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Our studies revealed that NADPH oxidase activity and superoxide (O(2)(-)) production in the hippocampal CA1 region increased rapidly after cerebral ischemia to reach a peak at 3 h post-reperfusion, followed by a fall in levels by 24 h post-reperfusion.	Superoxides	97-104	carbonic anhydrase 1	Rattus norvegicus	136-139
20562229-4	2010	Activation of TRPV4 with 4-alpha-phorbol didecanoate (4alphaPDD) significantly increased intracellular calcium, superoxide, and nitric oxide production in TRPV4(+/+) macrophages but not TRPV4(-/-) macrophages.	Superoxides	112-122	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 4	Mus musculus	14-19
20797565-4	2010	Indoxyl sulfate is taken up by the cells through organic anion transporters (OAT1 and/or OAT3), and induces cellular production of free radicals such as superoxide by activating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, especially Nox4, thereby impairing the cellular antioxidative system.	Superoxides	153-163	solute carrier family 22 member 6	Homo sapiens	77-81
20797565-4	2010	Indoxyl sulfate is taken up by the cells through organic anion transporters (OAT1 and/or OAT3), and induces cellular production of free radicals such as superoxide by activating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, especially Nox4, thereby impairing the cellular antioxidative system.	Superoxides	153-163	solute carrier family 22 member 8	Homo sapiens	89-93
21082491-2	2010	The cytochrome b-245 alpha gene (CYBA) encodes cytochrome b-245 alpha light chain (p22phox peptide), a critical element of NAD(P)H oxidases, the most important source of superoxide anion in the cerebral arteries.	Superoxides	170-186	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	4-31
21082491-2	2010	The cytochrome b-245 alpha gene (CYBA) encodes cytochrome b-245 alpha light chain (p22phox peptide), a critical element of NAD(P)H oxidases, the most important source of superoxide anion in the cerebral arteries.	Superoxides	170-186	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	33-37
21082491-2	2010	The cytochrome b-245 alpha gene (CYBA) encodes cytochrome b-245 alpha light chain (p22phox peptide), a critical element of NAD(P)H oxidases, the most important source of superoxide anion in the cerebral arteries.	Superoxides	170-186	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	83-90
20497976-6	2010	Diabetes mellitus increased cardiac ET-1 expression in wild-type mice, leading to mitochondrial disruption and myofibril disarray through the generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	156-166	endothelin 1	Mus musculus	36-40
20606253-7	2010	However, SIRT1 prevented endothelial superoxide production, inhibited NF-kappaB signaling, and diminished expression of adhesion molecules.	Superoxides	37-47	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	9-14
20304813-4	2010	Transfection of BPA with small inhibitory RNA (siRNA) for Nox2 and Nox4 decreased Nox2 and Nox4 protein expression, respectively, associated with an attenuation of superoxide detection, without affecting 25 mM KCl contraction.	Superoxides	164-174	NADPH oxidase 4	Bos taurus	67-71
20304813-6	2010	A Nox4 inhibitor plumbagin (10 muM) increased basal force, decreased superoxide detection and peroxide release, and caused BPA to relax under hypoxia.	Superoxides	69-79	NADPH oxidase 4	Bos taurus	2-6
20304813-10	2010	However, peroxide derived from superoxide generated by Nox4 appears to maintain a basal relaxation in BPA under normoxic conditions, which is removed under hypoxia leading to HPV.	Superoxides	31-41	NADPH oxidase 4	Bos taurus	55-59
20446672-6	2010	After lysis of each fiber in their corresponding nanowell, the contents of each well were processed and analyzed by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography with laser-induced fluorescence detection (MEKC-LIF) making it possible to detect superoxide found in single fibers.	Superoxides	247-257	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	213-216
20094972-10	2010	Addition of the steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone or the novel selective nonsteroidal antagonist (R)-BR-4628 reduced the DNA damage and the amount of superoxide radicals indicating a receptor-dependent process.	Superoxides	179-189	LOC397452	Sus scrofa	26-52
20648216-1	2010	Superoxide generated by human NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5) is of growing importance for various physiological and pathological processes.	Superoxides	0-10	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	30-45
20648216-1	2010	Superoxide generated by human NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5) is of growing importance for various physiological and pathological processes.	Superoxides	0-10	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	47-51
20074642-0	2010	Characterization of P-Rex1 for its role in fMet-Leu-Phe-induced superoxide production in reconstituted COS(phox) cells.	Superoxides	64-74	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	20-26
20074642-5	2010	P-Rex1-dependent superoxide generation in the reconstituted COS(phox) cells was further enhanced by expression of the novel PKC isoform PKCdelta and by overexpression of Akt.	Superoxides	17-27	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
20074642-8	2010	These results demonstrate that in COS(phox) cells, P-Rex1 is a critical component for FPR1-mediated signaling leading to NADPH oxidase activation, and there is a crosstalk between the P-Rex1-Rac pathway and Akt in superoxide generation.	Superoxides	214-224	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	51-57
20074642-8	2010	These results demonstrate that in COS(phox) cells, P-Rex1 is a critical component for FPR1-mediated signaling leading to NADPH oxidase activation, and there is a crosstalk between the P-Rex1-Rac pathway and Akt in superoxide generation.	Superoxides	214-224	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	184-190
19923358-4	2010	Adenovirus (Ad) MnSOD (1 x 10(8) plaque-forming units/ml) gene transfer selectively to the CBs normalized mitochondrial superoxide levels in glomus cells from CHF CB.	Superoxides	120-130	SOD-2	Oryctolagus cuniculus	16-21
19923358-5	2010	In addition, Ad MnSOD reduced the elevation of superoxide level in CB tissue from CHF rabbits.	Superoxides	47-57	SOD-2	Oryctolagus cuniculus	16-21
20163541-2	2010	We explored the possibility that "uncoupled" endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is the source of this O(2) (-).	Superoxides	108-112	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	45-78
19874561-9	2010	The superoxide anion generation was highly correlated with the loss of MMP, increasing Annexin V binding, and pH decline.	Superoxides	4-20	annexin A5	Homo sapiens	87-96
19818760-8	2010	The enhanced expression of metallothionein-I and metallothionein-II mRNA in rotenone-treated control cells was significantly decreased in rotenone-treated PHGPx-ov cells, suggesting that the hydrogen peroxide that is formed by superoxide anions generated in mitochondria diffuse into the cytosol and induce metallothionein mRNA expression.	Superoxides	227-244	metallothionein 2A	Homo sapiens	49-67
19818760-8	2010	The enhanced expression of metallothionein-I and metallothionein-II mRNA in rotenone-treated control cells was significantly decreased in rotenone-treated PHGPx-ov cells, suggesting that the hydrogen peroxide that is formed by superoxide anions generated in mitochondria diffuse into the cytosol and induce metallothionein mRNA expression.	Superoxides	227-244	glutathione peroxidase 4	Homo sapiens	155-160
20129246-2	2010	This work demonstrates that SIRT3(-/-) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) exhibit abnormal mitochondrial physiology as well as increases in stress-induced superoxide levels and genomic instability.	Superoxides	155-165	sirtuin 3	Mus musculus	28-33
20018626-7	2010	Similarly, silencing cytohesin-1 or Arf6 in PLB-985 cells negatively affected fMLF-induced activation of PLD, superoxide production, and expression of granule markers on the cell surface.	Superoxides	110-120	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	36-40
19815008-7	2010	Gp120-induced Ca(2+) signaling in both neuron types was inhibited by GPx1 or Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1), implicating superoxide and peroxide in ligand (gp120)-induced signaling upstream of Ca(2+) release from intracellular stores.	Superoxides	83-93	inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4	Homo sapiens	0-5
20016280-6	2010	production, which reacts with superoxide (O(2)(*-)) to form peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) and activate PERK.	Superoxides	30-40	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3	Homo sapiens	97-101
20016280-6	2010	production, which reacts with superoxide (O(2)(*-)) to form peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) and activate PERK.	Superoxides	42-46	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3	Homo sapiens	97-101
21063103-0	2010	Opposite effect of Hsp90alpha and Hsp90beta on eNOS ability to produce nitric oxide or superoxide anion in human embryonic kidney cells.	Superoxides	87-103	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	19-29
25807378-10	2015	Amylin-induced reduction of endothelial responses was unaffected by the H2O2 scavenger, catalase, but was prevented by the extracellular superoxide scavenger, superoxide dismutase (SOD) or the NADPH oxidase inhibitor (VAS2870).	Superoxides	137-147	islet amyloid polypeptide	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
25807378-15	2015	Increased superoxide generation through NADPH oxidase activity may be a common link involved in the endothelial dysfunction associated to insulin resistance and to amylin exposure in CR.	Superoxides	10-20	islet amyloid polypeptide	Rattus norvegicus	164-170
25779629-9	2015	In vitro experiments also revealed that treatment with paraquat, a superoxide inducer in mitochondria, promoted the RANKL expression via, in part, ERK phosphorylation.	Superoxides	67-77	tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 11	Mus musculus	116-121
25779629-10	2015	These findings demonstrate that the mitochondrial superoxide induced in osteocytes by Sod2 ablation causes age-related bone loss due to the impairment of canalicular networks and bone metabolism via the deregulation of the sclerostin and RANKL expression.	Superoxides	50-60	tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 11	Mus musculus	238-243
26204391-8	2015	AR derivatives lost their protective activity from reactions with superoxide anions, which required increased soxS gene expression for cell viability.	Superoxides	66-83	DNA-binding transcriptional dual regulator SoxS	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655	110-114
25288672-3	2015	We previously demonstrated the importance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in T1D, as NOD mice deficient in NADPH oxidase (NOX)-derived superoxide (Ncf1(m1J)) were protected against T1D partly because of blunted Toll-like receptor-dependent macrophage responses.	Superoxides	136-146	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	148-152
25523026-5	2015	Recent contributions in this field have shown that the anti-L-selectin effect of NSAIDs is related to the NADPH-oxidase-dependent generation of superoxide anion at the plasma membrane.	Superoxides	144-160	selectin L	Homo sapiens	60-70
25377425-6	2015	Angiotensin-induced NADPH-oxidase activation and superoxide generation led to NF-kB translocation and Rho-kinase activation.	Superoxides	49-59	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Rattus norvegicus	78-83
26101557-0	2015	Metallothionein-I/II Knockout Mice Aggravate Mitochondrial Superoxide Production and Peroxiredoxin 3 Expression in Thyroid after Excessive Iodide Exposure.	Superoxides	59-69	metallothionein 3	Mus musculus	0-20
24652711-4	2014	Its antioxidant activity against hydroxyl radicals and superoxide radicals (IC50 = 0.8 and 6.15 microg mL(-1) , respectively) was about 205-fold and 47-fold higher than those of unfermented soy germ (IC50 = 164.0 and 290.48 microg mL(-1) ), respectively.	Superoxides	55-74	L1 cell adhesion molecule	Mus musculus	103-109
25103225-5	2014	Microarray analysis of mouse aortic endothelial cells revealed a 2.5-fold increase in expression of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II-alpha (CaMKII-alpha) in response to 10 nM BPA, with increased expression of phosphorylated-CaMKII-alpha in carotid rings of BPA-exposed mice, whereas CaMKII-alpha inhibition with 100 nM autocamptide-2-related inhibitor peptide (AIP) reduced BPA-mediated increase of superoxide.	Superoxides	413-423	calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II alpha	Mus musculus	100-152
25103225-5	2014	Microarray analysis of mouse aortic endothelial cells revealed a 2.5-fold increase in expression of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II-alpha (CaMKII-alpha) in response to 10 nM BPA, with increased expression of phosphorylated-CaMKII-alpha in carotid rings of BPA-exposed mice, whereas CaMKII-alpha inhibition with 100 nM autocamptide-2-related inhibitor peptide (AIP) reduced BPA-mediated increase of superoxide.	Superoxides	413-423	calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II alpha	Mus musculus	154-160
25041251-5	2014	Moreover, EPO decreased the levels of superoxide anions and increased NO bioavailability in cerebral microvessels of hph1 mice.	Superoxides	38-55	erythropoietin	Mus musculus	10-13
25209287-4	2014	Mechanistically, the actions of submicromolar levels of SP were NK1R-dependent, whereas subpicomolar SP-elicited actions required microglial NADPH oxidase (NOX2), the key superoxide-producing enzyme, but not NK1R.	Superoxides	171-181	tachykinin 1	Mus musculus	101-103
25056956-9	2014	p67(phox)-Rac-Nox2 assembly and superoxide production are both abrogated by alanine substitution for Tyr-198, Leu-199, and Val-204 in the p67(phox) activation domain that localizes the C-terminal to the Rac-binding domain.	Superoxides	32-42	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	142-146
25109238-5	2014	Under basal conditions, prolonged expression of A53T mutant alpha-syn altered mitochondria morphology, increased superoxide formation and phosphorylation at Ser129, which was linked to decreased activity of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A).	Superoxides	113-123	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	60-69
24294978-6	2014	The levels of superoxide, DNA oxidation, and neuronal death in the CA1 subfield of the hippocampus, as well as consequential cognitive impairment, were increased in 2VO rats.	Superoxides	14-24	carbonic anhydrase 1	Rattus norvegicus	67-70
24903103-8	2014	Inhibitors of mitochondrial processing peptidase or lectin-like OxLDL receptor-1 knockout attenuated OxLDL-mediated decrements in endothelial-specific NO production and increases in superoxide generation.	Superoxides	182-192	oxidized low density lipoprotein (lectin-like) receptor 1	Mus musculus	52-80
24842918-7	2014	Silencing of p66(Shc) blunted stretch-increased superoxide anion production and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activation and restored nitric oxide bioavailability.	Superoxides	48-64	DNA polymerase delta 3, accessory subunit	Homo sapiens	13-16
24552404-8	2014	AS1-4, four isoprenylated flavones, potently quenched superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical, and hydrogen peroxide at the concentration of 20 microM with their scavenging rates in the range of 30.1-78.1%, 35.4-69.7%, and 65.5-86.3%, respectively.	Superoxides	54-70	PDS5 cohesin associated factor B	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
25057336-5	2014	Moreover, the CD38 siRNA treatment can significantly aggravate oxidative stress in the H2O2-treated cells, as indicated by increases in both superoxide and lipid peroxidation, suggesting that CD38 is required for maintaining the antioxidation capacity of the cells.	Superoxides	141-151	CD38 molecule	Homo sapiens	14-18
25057336-5	2014	Moreover, the CD38 siRNA treatment can significantly aggravate oxidative stress in the H2O2-treated cells, as indicated by increases in both superoxide and lipid peroxidation, suggesting that CD38 is required for maintaining the antioxidation capacity of the cells.	Superoxides	141-151	CD38 molecule	Homo sapiens	192-196
24742817-6	2014	Increased O2(-) levels promote ERK phosphorylation (approx sixfold compared to control; P &lt; 0.001) and downstream transcriptional increase of several genes: HMOX1 (P &lt; 0.05), involved in the protection of chemical reactive species; MDR1 (P &lt; 0.01), responsible for the efflux of xenobiotics in the cell; and CD83 (P &lt; 0.05), a DC maturation marker.	Superoxides	10-12	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	160-165
24742817-6	2014	Increased O2(-) levels promote ERK phosphorylation (approx sixfold compared to control; P &lt; 0.001) and downstream transcriptional increase of several genes: HMOX1 (P &lt; 0.05), involved in the protection of chemical reactive species; MDR1 (P &lt; 0.01), responsible for the efflux of xenobiotics in the cell; and CD83 (P &lt; 0.05), a DC maturation marker.	Superoxides	10-12	CD83 molecule	Homo sapiens	317-321
24746619-8	2014	Hsp27 prevents Cu(2+)-ascorbate or Cu(2+)-alpha-synuclein-ascorbate treatment-induced increase in mitochondrial superoxide level and mitochondrial disorganization in IMR-32 cells.	Superoxides	112-122	heat shock protein family B (small) member 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
24746619-8	2014	Hsp27 prevents Cu(2+)-ascorbate or Cu(2+)-alpha-synuclein-ascorbate treatment-induced increase in mitochondrial superoxide level and mitochondrial disorganization in IMR-32 cells.	Superoxides	112-122	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	42-57
24178889-5	2014	Our results demonstrate that hMSC-conditioned medium increased wound closure and proliferation at 12 h and reduced superoxide production to control conditions.	Superoxides	115-125	musculin	Homo sapiens	29-33
24171497-0	2014	Alternative splicing generates a diacylglycerol kinase alpha transcript that acts as a dominant-negative modulator of superoxide production in localized aggressive periodontitis.	Superoxides	118-128	diacylglycerol kinase alpha	Homo sapiens	33-60
24012887-5	2014	At the sub-cellular level, PON2 localizes primarily in mitochondria, where it scavenges superoxides.	Superoxides	88-99	paraoxonase 2	Mus musculus	27-31
23919724-7	2014	This work provides strong evidence for the causal role of O2( -) in the liver injury process initiated by whole-body irradiation in SIRT3(-/-) mice.	Superoxides	58-60	sirtuin 3	Mus musculus	132-137
23919724-8	2014	CONCLUSION: These results support the hypothesis that O2( -) mediates acute liver injury in SIRT3(-/-) animals exposed to whole-body gamma-radiation and suggest that GC4401 could be used as a radio-protective compound in vivo.	Superoxides	54-56	sirtuin 3	Mus musculus	92-97
24294888-7	2014	Furthermore, JNK activation and c-Jun phosphorylation were inhibited by a broad-spectrum reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, Mn (III) tetrakis (4-benzoic acid) porphyrin (MnTBAP), indicating that ROS including O2- increased after SCI probably contribute to JNK activation.	Superoxides	215-217	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Rattus norvegicus	13-16
24134589-4	2014	In human lung microvascular endothelial cells, DDAH II overexpression prevented the LPS-dependent increase in ADMA, superoxide, peroxynitrite, and protein nitration.	Superoxides	116-126	interferon regulatory factor 6	Homo sapiens	84-87
24572641-3	2014	HEB displayed strong antioxidant potency in inhibiting, at 1.36 mM concentration, erythrocyte hemolysis and scavenging DPPH radicals and superoxide anion (O2(-)) by 82.4%, 85.6% and 71.4%, respectively.	Superoxides	137-153	transcription factor 12	Homo sapiens	0-3
24572641-3	2014	HEB displayed strong antioxidant potency in inhibiting, at 1.36 mM concentration, erythrocyte hemolysis and scavenging DPPH radicals and superoxide anion (O2(-)) by 82.4%, 85.6% and 71.4%, respectively.	Superoxides	155-157	transcription factor 12	Homo sapiens	0-3
24324051-8	2014	Serum CT-1 and IL-6 levels, which associated with the left ventricular mass index, correlated with superoxide production.	Superoxides	99-109	cardiotrophin 1	Homo sapiens	6-10
24324051-10	2014	CT-1 stimulated NADPH oxidase superoxide production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, which resulted in an increased release of IL-6.	Superoxides	30-40	cardiotrophin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
24430870-8	2014	Further, reconstitution with short hairpin RNA-insensitive SLC25A23 cDNA restores mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake and superoxide production.	Superoxides	114-124	solute carrier family 25 member 23	Homo sapiens	59-67
24579808-3	2014	In addition, both the superoxide anion and the hydroxyl radical were scavenged by GBE in cell-free systems.	Superoxides	22-38	1,4-alpha-glucan branching enzyme 1	Homo sapiens	82-85
24598074-1	2014	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes consists of the membrane-associated cytochrome b 558 (a heterodimer of Nox2 and p22(phox)) and 4 cytosolic components: p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase, Rac, in complex with RhoGDI.	Superoxides	4-14	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	134-137
24598074-1	2014	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes consists of the membrane-associated cytochrome b 558 (a heterodimer of Nox2 and p22(phox)) and 4 cytosolic components: p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase, Rac, in complex with RhoGDI.	Superoxides	4-14	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	173-176
24598074-1	2014	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes consists of the membrane-associated cytochrome b 558 (a heterodimer of Nox2 and p22(phox)) and 4 cytosolic components: p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase, Rac, in complex with RhoGDI.	Superoxides	4-14	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	249-255
24386395-8	2013	In addition, superoxide anion production was increased from 21% (untreated cells) to 55% (cells treated with 40 ng/mL resistin), and 64% (resistin, 80 mg/mL) (P&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	13-29	resistin	Homo sapiens	118-126
24187133-2	2013	A peptide that mimics a putative activation domain of the Nox1 activator subunit NOXA1 (NOXA1 docking sequence, also known as NoxA1ds) potently inhibited Nox1-derived superoxide anion (O2 -) production in a reconstituted Nox1 cell-free system, with no effect on Nox2-, Nox4-, Nox5-, or xanthine oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species production as measured by cytochrome c reduction, Amplex Red fluorescence, and electron paramagnetic resonance.	Superoxides	167-183	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	276-280
24187133-2	2013	A peptide that mimics a putative activation domain of the Nox1 activator subunit NOXA1 (NOXA1 docking sequence, also known as NoxA1ds) potently inhibited Nox1-derived superoxide anion (O2 -) production in a reconstituted Nox1 cell-free system, with no effect on Nox2-, Nox4-, Nox5-, or xanthine oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species production as measured by cytochrome c reduction, Amplex Red fluorescence, and electron paramagnetic resonance.	Superoxides	185-187	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	276-280
23824494-6	2013	Although the addition of V could promote superoxide dismutase in both shoots and roots to reduce superoxide radicals, peroxidase and catalase in shoots and ascorbate peroxidase and dehydroascorbate reductase in roots were major enzymes to eliminate H2O2 in wheat seedlings.	Superoxides	41-51	peroxidase-like	Triticum aestivum	118-128
23824494-6	2013	Although the addition of V could promote superoxide dismutase in both shoots and roots to reduce superoxide radicals, peroxidase and catalase in shoots and ascorbate peroxidase and dehydroascorbate reductase in roots were major enzymes to eliminate H2O2 in wheat seedlings.	Superoxides	41-51	catalase-1	Triticum aestivum	133-141
23957209-0	2013	Phosphorylation of Noxo1 at threonine 341 regulates its interaction with Noxa1 and the superoxide-producing activity of Nox1.	Superoxides	87-97	NADPH oxidase organizer 1	Homo sapiens	19-24
23957209-1	2013	UNLABELLED: Superoxide production by Nox1, a member of the Nox family NAPDH oxidases, requires expression of its regulatory soluble proteins Noxo1 (Nox organizer 1) and Noxa1 (Nox activator 1) and is markedly enhanced upon cell stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a potent activator of protein kinase C (PKC).	Superoxides	12-22	NADPH oxidase organizer 1	Homo sapiens	141-146
23957209-1	2013	UNLABELLED: Superoxide production by Nox1, a member of the Nox family NAPDH oxidases, requires expression of its regulatory soluble proteins Noxo1 (Nox organizer 1) and Noxa1 (Nox activator 1) and is markedly enhanced upon cell stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a potent activator of protein kinase C (PKC).	Superoxides	12-22	NADPH oxidase organizer 1	Homo sapiens	148-163
23957209-4	2013	Among them, Thr341 in Noxo1 is directly phosphorylated by PKC in vitro, and alanine substitution for this residue reduces not only PMA-induced Noxo1 phosphorylation but also PMA-dependent enhancement of Nox1-catalyzed superoxide production.	Superoxides	218-228	NADPH oxidase organizer 1	Homo sapiens	22-27
23957209-6	2013	Thus phosphorylation of Noxo1 at Thr341 appears to play a crucial role in PMA-elicited activation of Nox1, providing a molecular link between PKC-mediated signal transduction and Nox1-catalyzed superoxide production.	Superoxides	194-204	NADPH oxidase organizer 1	Homo sapiens	24-29
23919599-2	2013	The superoxide-generating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase 2 (NOX2, encoded by the CYBB gene) and the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) play opposing roles in the balance of cellular redox status.	Superoxides	4-14	glutathione peroxidase 4	Homo sapiens	140-164
24159377-8	2013	This superoxide increase was inhibited by the gp91 ds-tat and ERK 1/2 inhibitor (PD98059).	Superoxides	5-15	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	46-50
23819597-5	2013	To determine the contribution of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, Lck-Bax38&amp;1 over expressing mice were crossed with knockouts of the mitochondrial protein deacetylase, Sirtuin 3 (Sirt3), which regulates superoxide metabolism.	Superoxides	211-221	sirtuin 3	Mus musculus	176-185
23819597-5	2013	To determine the contribution of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, Lck-Bax38&amp;1 over expressing mice were crossed with knockouts of the mitochondrial protein deacetylase, Sirtuin 3 (Sirt3), which regulates superoxide metabolism.	Superoxides	211-221	sirtuin 3	Mus musculus	187-192
23819597-6	2013	Sirt3(-/-)/Lck-Bax38&amp;1 mice demonstrated significant increases in thymocyte superoxide levels and acceleration of lymphomagenesis (P &lt; 0.001).	Superoxides	80-90	sirtuin 3	Mus musculus	0-5
23819597-6	2013	Sirt3(-/-)/Lck-Bax38&amp;1 mice demonstrated significant increases in thymocyte superoxide levels and acceleration of lymphomagenesis (P &lt; 0.001).	Superoxides	80-90	amplitude of circadian rhythm 1	Mus musculus	15-26
23894403-4	2013	The Sha ecotype had higher germination rates, longer roots and less accumulation of superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide than the Ler and Col ecotypes after short term salt treatment.	Superoxides	84-102	SH2 domain protein A	Arabidopsis thaliana	4-7
23772676-4	2013	This study demonstrated that the superoxide-induced chemiluminescence of MCLA or CLA was markedly enhanced by adding a cyclic nitroxyl radical to the reaction medium.	Superoxides	33-43	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	74-77
23583906-3	2013	We found that the mitochondrial superoxide anions, whose production is induced at the level of Complex I by externally added Abeta1-42 and whose release from mitochondria is significantly reduced by the addition of the VDAC inhibitor DIDS, modify the thiol group/s present at the active site of mitochondrial ANT-1, impair ANT-1 in a mersalyl-prevented manner and abrogate the toxic effect of NH2htau on ANT-1 when Abeta1-42 is already present.	Superoxides	32-42	solute carrier family 25 member 4	Homo sapiens	309-314
23583906-3	2013	We found that the mitochondrial superoxide anions, whose production is induced at the level of Complex I by externally added Abeta1-42 and whose release from mitochondria is significantly reduced by the addition of the VDAC inhibitor DIDS, modify the thiol group/s present at the active site of mitochondrial ANT-1, impair ANT-1 in a mersalyl-prevented manner and abrogate the toxic effect of NH2htau on ANT-1 when Abeta1-42 is already present.	Superoxides	32-42	solute carrier family 25 member 4	Homo sapiens	323-328
23583906-3	2013	We found that the mitochondrial superoxide anions, whose production is induced at the level of Complex I by externally added Abeta1-42 and whose release from mitochondria is significantly reduced by the addition of the VDAC inhibitor DIDS, modify the thiol group/s present at the active site of mitochondrial ANT-1, impair ANT-1 in a mersalyl-prevented manner and abrogate the toxic effect of NH2htau on ANT-1 when Abeta1-42 is already present.	Superoxides	32-42	solute carrier family 25 member 4	Homo sapiens	323-328
23569086-8	2013	Western blotting demonstrated that incubation of isolated TAL with AngII increased phosphorylation of p47(phox) at Ser(304), suggesting that AngII stimulates the basolateral Cl channels by increasing NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide generation.	Superoxides	224-234	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	102-105
23610397-4	2013	In Hif2alpha(+/-) mice, partial HIF-2alpha deficiency increased levels of HIF-1alpha and NADPH oxidase 2, leading to an oxidized intracellular redox state, exaggerated hypoxic sensitivity, and cardio-respiratory abnormalities, which were reversed by treatment with a HIF-1alpha inhibitor or a superoxide anion scavenger.	Superoxides	293-309	hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit	Mus musculus	74-84
23475768-7	2013	Therefore, we hypothesized that an elevated pulmonary arterial superoxide/hydrogen peroxide ratio activates NFATc3, leading to PH.	Superoxides	63-73	nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic, calcineurin dependent 3	Mus musculus	108-114
23490284-0	2013	M9, a novel region of amino-Nogo-A, attenuates cerebral ischemic injury by inhibiting NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide production in mice.	Superoxides	108-118	reticulon 4	Mus musculus	28-34
23549806-1	2013	PURPOSE: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is a chemokine that can increase adhesion molecule expression on monocytes and produce superoxide anions.	Superoxides	139-156	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	9-43
23549806-1	2013	PURPOSE: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is a chemokine that can increase adhesion molecule expression on monocytes and produce superoxide anions.	Superoxides	139-156	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	45-50
23564995-11	2013	MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Relative to wild-type mice, CHOP-/- mice conferred resistance to oxidative stress (superoxide production/ carbonyl proteins) in brain regions examined: cortex, hippocampus, and motor nuclei.	Superoxides	114-124	DNA-damage inducible transcript 3	Mus musculus	59-63
23314735-10	2013	RESULTS: Knockdown of p75NTR attenuates fenretinide-induced accumulation of mitochondrial superoxide and apoptosis.	Superoxides	90-100	nerve growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	22-28
23142710-0	2013	Superoxide anion mediates the L-selectin down-regulation induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	0-16	selectin L	Homo sapiens	30-40
23142710-7	2013	In accordance with these results, neutrophils from patients with chronic granulomatous disease, a hereditary disease in which neutrophils show a reduced capacity to form superoxide radicals, exhibited a lower down-regulation of L-selectin (IC50: 15.3 mug/ml) compared to normal controls (IC50: 5.6 mug/ml) in response to diclofenac.	Superoxides	170-180	selectin L	Homo sapiens	228-238
23142710-8	2013	CONCLUSION: A group of NSAIDs is capable of interfering with the ability of neutrophils to interact with endothelial cells by triggering L-selectin-shedding through the NADPH-oxidase-dependent generation of superoxide anion at the plasma membrane.	Superoxides	207-223	selectin L	Homo sapiens	137-147
23065119-3	2012	In the present work we demonstrate that heterologously expressed AAO1 and AAO3, two prominent members of the AO family from Arabidopsis thaliana, do not only generate hydrogen peroxide but also superoxide anions by transferring aldehyde-derived electrons to molecular oxygen.	Superoxides	194-211	aldehyde oxidase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	65-69
23065119-5	2012	In addition to their aldehyde oxidation activity, AAO1 and AAO3 were found to exhibit NADH oxidase activity, which likewise is associated with the production of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	161-178	aldehyde oxidase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	50-54
22964484-4	2012	Dramatic induction of mitochondrial superoxide generation and decrease in ATP production was observed, indicating that mitochondrial dysfunction is the major mechanism underlying MCT2 knockdown-induced ROS generation.	Superoxides	36-46	solute carrier family 16 member 7	Homo sapiens	179-183
22747689-2	2012	It has several genetic variants: in particular, the C242T polymorphism of its p22(phox)  subunit is associated with a different oxidase activity, being the T allele related to a lower superoxide production.	Superoxides	184-194	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	78-81
22677363-0	2012	Tanshinone II-A inhibits oxidized LDL-induced LOX-1 expression in macrophages by reducing intracellular superoxide radical generation and NF-kappaB activation.	Superoxides	104-122	oxidized low density lipoprotein (lectin-like) receptor 1	Mus musculus	46-51
22461303-3	2012	We hypothesized that luminal ANG II stimulates CTGF via activation of protein kinase C (PKC), NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2), and enhanced production of superoxide (O(2)(-)).	Superoxides	157-161	connective tissue growth factor	Oryctolagus cuniculus	47-51
22484311-5	2012	Briefly, MCL-1 specific inhibited fMLP-induced superoxide anion production in a concentration-dependent (IC(50)=0.16+-0.01 muM) and Tec kinase-dependent manner, however, MCL-1 did not affect fMLP-induced cathepsin G release.	Superoxides	47-63	MCL1 apoptosis regulator, BCL2 family member	Homo sapiens	9-14
22950046-5	2012	SOD2, also known as MnSOD, is targeted to mitochondria and is instrumental in regulating ROS by conversion of superoxides to hydrogen peroxide, which is further broken down into H(2)O and oxygen.	Superoxides	110-121	Superoxide dismutase 2 (Mn)	Drosophila melanogaster	0-4
12473664-7	2003	Co-expression of NOX1 with the two novel proteins led to stimulus-independent high level superoxide generation.	Superoxides	89-99	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	17-21
22950046-5	2012	SOD2, also known as MnSOD, is targeted to mitochondria and is instrumental in regulating ROS by conversion of superoxides to hydrogen peroxide, which is further broken down into H(2)O and oxygen.	Superoxides	110-121	Superoxide dismutase 2 (Mn)	Drosophila melanogaster	20-25
12473664-9	2003	In conclusion, NOX1 is a superoxide-generating enzyme that is activated by two novel proteins, which we propose to name NOXO1 (NOX organizer 1) and NOXA1 (NOX activator 1).	Superoxides	25-35	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	15-19
22467312-1	2012	The endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) requires tetrahydrobiopterin (H(4)B) as a cofactor and, in its absence, produces superoxide (O(2)( -)) rather than nitric oxide (NO( )), a condition referred to as eNOS uncoupling.	Superoxides	126-136	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	4-37
22467312-1	2012	The endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) requires tetrahydrobiopterin (H(4)B) as a cofactor and, in its absence, produces superoxide (O(2)( -)) rather than nitric oxide (NO( )), a condition referred to as eNOS uncoupling.	Superoxides	138-142	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	4-37
12575983-7	2003	The increase in O2.- and the reduction of NO were inhibited by the presence of vitamin C and anti-LOX-1 monoclonal antibody (p &lt; 0.001).	Superoxides	16-18	oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1	Homo sapiens	98-103
22535762-6	2012	Superoxide production and lipid hydroperoxides in aorta were lower in mice fed C3G compared with those fed the HCD.	Superoxides	0-10	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 1	Mus musculus	79-82
22465246-2	2012	Our previous study showed that angiotensin II (Ang II) acutely increased hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) currents in nodose ganglion (NG) neurons via NADPH oxidase-superoxide signaling.	Superoxides	190-200	cyclic nucleotide gated channel subunit alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	126-129
22392901-4	2012	We hypothesized that a reduction of placental perfusion using a rat model of reduced uteroplacental perfusion pressure would result in enhanced LOX-1 expression in the maternal vasculature causing impaired vascular endothelial function through the actions of increased superoxide production and decreased NO-mediated vasodilation.	Superoxides	269-279	oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	144-149
12575983-8	2003	CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study show that one of the pathophysiologic consequences of platelet binding to LOX-1 may be the inactivation of NO through an increased cellular production of O2.-.	Superoxides	193-195	oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1	Homo sapiens	113-118
12388080-1	2003	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a critical antioxidant enzyme that protects against superoxide anion generated as a consequence of normal cellular respiration, as well as during the inflammatory response.	Superoxides	94-110	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
22213462-13	2012	These findings suggest that the superoxide anion-MEK-ERK-MLCK-MLC signaling mediates IS-induced junctional dispersal of BPAECs.	Superoxides	32-48	myosin light chain kinase	Homo sapiens	57-61
12388080-1	2003	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a critical antioxidant enzyme that protects against superoxide anion generated as a consequence of normal cellular respiration, as well as during the inflammatory response.	Superoxides	94-110	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
12524405-13	2003	CONCLUSIONS: Cultures of transformed and primary epithelial cells from human colon may produce extracellular O(2)(-) through an NAD(P)H oxidase expressing Nox1 and p22(phox).	Superoxides	109-113	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	155-159
22116513-5	2012	CLP caused NADPH oxidase activation and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) uncoupling to produce superoxide, increased NO production by inducible NOS (iNOS) and neuronal NOS (nNOS) activity, and elevated 3-nitrotyrosine (a product of peroxynitrite) formation and PP2A activity in the hindlimb skeletal muscles at 12 h after CLP.	Superoxides	103-113	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	40-73
22196056-3	2012	Our recent studies revealed that the dioxygenase reaction catalyzed by hIDO and TDO is initiated by addition of the ferric iron-bound superoxide to the C(2) C(3) bond of Trp to form a ferryl and Trp-epoxide intermediate, via a 2-indolenylperoxo radical transition state.	Superoxides	134-144	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	71-75
12691521-8	2003	Preliminary experiments investigating the effects of superoxide radicals on PrP expression in cultured neuroblastoma and astrocyte cells support the suggestion that PrP(C) forms part of a cellular antioxidant defense mechanism.	Superoxides	53-63	prion protein	Mus musculus	76-79
21902452-7	2012	Mitochondrial protein carbonylation in Prx3 KO adipose tissue and mitochondrial superoxide level in Prx3 knockdown 3T3-L1 cells were increased showing aberrant regulation of oxidative stress.	Superoxides	80-90	peroxiredoxin 3	Mus musculus	100-104
23149576-0	2012	Class-IA phosphoinositide 3-kinase p110beta Triggers GPCR-induced superoxide production in p110gamma-deficient murine neutrophils.	Superoxides	66-76	phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1	Mus musculus	9-34
12691521-8	2003	Preliminary experiments investigating the effects of superoxide radicals on PrP expression in cultured neuroblastoma and astrocyte cells support the suggestion that PrP(C) forms part of a cellular antioxidant defense mechanism.	Superoxides	53-63	prion protein	Mus musculus	165-168
12390507-7	2002	Superoxide radicals (.O2-) are formed during autoxidation of DA and.ALX.	Superoxides	0-19	hematopoietic SH2 domain containing	Homo sapiens	68-71
22144277-5	2012	On the other hand, in the presence of either p67(                   phox                 ) or Noxa1, Rac facilitates superoxide production by Nox3, which is responsible in the inner ear for formation of otoconia, tiny mineralized structures that are required for sensing balance and gravity.	Superoxides	117-127	NADPH oxidase 3	Homo sapiens	142-146
21833043-5	2011	RESULTS: At resting state, the superoxide production in aortic and cardiac tissues was lower in cyclo-oxygenase-2 deficient than in the wild type or in cyclo-oxygenase-1 deficient mice.	Superoxides	31-41	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1	Mus musculus	152-169
12390507-7	2002	Superoxide radicals (.O2-) are formed during autoxidation of DA and.ALX.	Superoxides	22-24	hematopoietic SH2 domain containing	Homo sapiens	68-71
12231564-10	2002	CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that long-term inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system ameliorates endothelial dysfunction associated with aging through the inhibition of the synthesis of COX-2-derived vasoconstricting factors and superoxide anions.	Superoxides	241-258	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	198-203
21826531-8	2011	Superoxide production was higher in both MAT and SMA of Lepr(db) mice, and anti-IFNgamma reduced MAT and SMA superoxide production.	Superoxides	0-10	leptin receptor	Mus musculus	56-60
12083801-9	2002	In this study, we for the first time demonstrate a novel mechanism, independent of Ras activation but initiated by superoxide anion production, for PPARgamma agonists to trigger the Raf-MEK-ERK1/2 signaling pathway.	Superoxides	115-131	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	182-185
21690092-5	2011	We propose that trace amounts of peroxide previously proposed to occur in NADH solutions as well as solid NADH activate IDO and lead to aerobic formation of superoxide and the reactive dioxygen adduct of the enzyme.	Superoxides	157-167	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	120-123
11861654-11	2002	In sum, at a low concentration, GD3 recruits superoxides to activate p44 MAPK and stimulates cell proliferation.	Superoxides	45-56	interferon induced protein 44	Homo sapiens	69-72
21712825-3	2011	In addition, UCP suppress the generation of superoxide, a byproduct of mitochondrial electron transport and a major source of oxidative stress.	Superoxides	44-54	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	13-16
11780125-5	2002	Here we show that superoxide increases mitochondrial proton conductance through effects on UCP1, UCP2 and UCP3.	Superoxides	18-28	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	91-95
21499085-10	2011	The downregulation of adiponectin was accompanied by increased myocardial superoxide and nitric oxide generation and peroxynitrite formation.	Superoxides	74-84	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Mus musculus	22-33
11780125-5	2002	Here we show that superoxide increases mitochondrial proton conductance through effects on UCP1, UCP2 and UCP3.	Superoxides	18-28	uncoupling protein 3 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	106-110
20682584-5	2011	All particle-ligand complexes stimulated the release of nitric oxide, but only beads coated with IgG, complement factors or FN caused production of superoxide.	Superoxides	148-158	fibronectin 1	Mus musculus	124-126
12109048-1	2002	The effects of gold-chloroquine derivatives with the formula [Au(PR3)(CQ)]PF6 (where R = Ph (1), Et or Me) on the superoxide anion production by human neutrophils (PMNs, polymorphonuclear cells) were investigated.	Superoxides	114-130	sperm associated antigen 17	Homo sapiens	74-77
21730294-4	2011	Deletion of SOD3 increased vascular superoxide and reduced vascular NO levels as detected by electron spin resonance.	Superoxides	36-46	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	12-16
12269769-1	2002	The purpose of this study was to examine whether the increased sensitivity of cancer cells to adriamycin (ADM), which is known to produce superoxide radicals, was brought through suppressed manganese superoxide disumutase (MnSOD) expression in the presence of transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1).	Superoxides	138-148	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	223-228
21720272-7	2011	Salt-induced glomerular injury in eNOS-/- mice was preceded by rapid enhancement of glomerular superoxide followed by enhancement of glomerular endothelial angiotensinogen and angiotensin II.	Superoxides	95-105	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	34-38
21497059-9	2011	Aripiprazole proved to inhibit the  O(2)(-) generation through the cascade of protein kinase C (PKC) activation, intracellular Ca(2+) regulation and NADPH oxidase activation via cytosolic p47(phox) translocation to the plasma/phagosomal membranes.	Superoxides	36-40	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	188-191
11509453-0	2001	Role for endothelin-1-induced superoxide and peroxynitrite production in rebound pulmonary hypertension associated with inhaled nitric oxide therapy.	Superoxides	30-40	EDN1	Ovis aries	9-21
21515682-4	2011	In addition, cav1 KO mice exhibited elevated inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-alpha, and IL-12a), decreased phagocytic ability of macrophages, and increased superoxide release in the lung, liver, and kidney.	Superoxides	158-168	caveolin 1, caveolae protein	Mus musculus	13-17
21443430-6	2011	This decrease in superoxide release was accompanied by diminished mRNA expression for subunit p47(phox) of the phagocyte superoxide-generating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase.	Superoxides	17-27	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	94-97
21443430-6	2011	This decrease in superoxide release was accompanied by diminished mRNA expression for subunit p47(phox) of the phagocyte superoxide-generating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase.	Superoxides	121-131	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	94-97
11509453-5	2001	When primary cultures of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells were exposed to ET-1, superoxide production increased by 33% (P&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	84-94	EDN1	Ovis aries	78-82
11525742-3	2001	Sod and Cat constitute an evolutionary conserved ROS defense system against superoxide; Sod converts superoxide anions to H(2)O(2), and Cat prevents free hydroxyl radical formation by breaking down H(2)O(2) into oxygen and water.	Superoxides	76-86	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	0-3
21300143-6	2011	Also DJ-1 null cells generated less superoxide than SN4741 cells by paraquat treatment.	Superoxides	36-46	Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, early onset) 7	Mus musculus	5-9
11525742-3	2001	Sod and Cat constitute an evolutionary conserved ROS defense system against superoxide; Sod converts superoxide anions to H(2)O(2), and Cat prevents free hydroxyl radical formation by breaking down H(2)O(2) into oxygen and water.	Superoxides	76-86	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	88-91
21544240-5	2011	Silencing S6K1 in senescent cells reduced superoxide generation and enhanced NO production.	Superoxides	42-52	ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1	Rattus norvegicus	10-14
11525742-3	2001	Sod and Cat constitute an evolutionary conserved ROS defense system against superoxide; Sod converts superoxide anions to H(2)O(2), and Cat prevents free hydroxyl radical formation by breaking down H(2)O(2) into oxygen and water.	Superoxides	101-118	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	0-3
11525742-3	2001	Sod and Cat constitute an evolutionary conserved ROS defense system against superoxide; Sod converts superoxide anions to H(2)O(2), and Cat prevents free hydroxyl radical formation by breaking down H(2)O(2) into oxygen and water.	Superoxides	101-118	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	88-91
11488600-3	2001	Our results show that oxidative stress induced by exogenous adding of hydrogen peroxide or superoxide anion in macrophage RAW 264.7 and mouse peritoneal macrophage cultures caused a marked enhancement of calcium-independent PLA2 (iPLA2) activity,whereas the increment of secreted PLA2 (sPLA2) and calcium-dependent cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2) activities were slight.	Superoxides	91-107	phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent)	Mus musculus	315-329
20586612-4	2011	Null of SOD1 and GPX1 elevated respective islet superoxide and hydroperoxide production, and upregulated p53 phosphorylation.	Superoxides	48-58	glutathione peroxidase 1	Mus musculus	17-21
11488600-3	2001	Our results show that oxidative stress induced by exogenous adding of hydrogen peroxide or superoxide anion in macrophage RAW 264.7 and mouse peritoneal macrophage cultures caused a marked enhancement of calcium-independent PLA2 (iPLA2) activity,whereas the increment of secreted PLA2 (sPLA2) and calcium-dependent cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2) activities were slight.	Superoxides	91-107	phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent)	Mus musculus	331-336
30147609-0	2001	Identification of Renox, a Novel Superoxide Producing Enzyme in Kidney.	Superoxides	33-43	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	18-23
21095183-5	2011	Compounds 1-10 gave rise to a calcium response in the FPR2 transfectants with EC(50) values ranging from 4x10(-9)M to 2x10(-7)M. All 10 compounds activated human neutrophils to release superoxide, and based on the potency of their activity, the three most potent activators of the neutrophil NADPH-oxidase were further characterized.	Superoxides	185-195	formyl peptide receptor 2	Homo sapiens	54-58
11554455-5	2001	DNA-binding activities of the transcription factors activator protein-1, activator protein-2, and nuclear factor-kappaB were all enhanced in the superoxide-overproducing cells.	Superoxides	145-155	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	52-92
21068072-9	2011	Our results suggest that in hypoxic MSCs the increase in intracellular superoxide levels induced by high-glucose concentrations may attenuate hypoxia-induced HIF-1alpha expression, which in turn attenuates hypoxia-induced VEGF-A165 and PDGF-B transcription.	Superoxides	71-81	hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit	Mus musculus	158-168
21068072-9	2011	Our results suggest that in hypoxic MSCs the increase in intracellular superoxide levels induced by high-glucose concentrations may attenuate hypoxia-induced HIF-1alpha expression, which in turn attenuates hypoxia-induced VEGF-A165 and PDGF-B transcription.	Superoxides	71-81	platelet derived growth factor, B polypeptide	Mus musculus	236-242
20706193-1	2011	BACKGROUND: gp91(PHOX), a catalytic subunit of NAD(P)H oxidase, is involved in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced superoxide (O2-) generation.	Superoxides	111-121	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	12-16
11500544-3	2001	Addition of PA promoted the synthesis of superoxide in the PLD alpha-depleted plants, as measured by chemiluminescence and superoxide dismutase-inhibitable, NADPH-dependent reduction of cytochrome c and nitroblue tetrazolium.	Superoxides	41-51	Cytochrome c	Arabidopsis thaliana	186-198
20706193-1	2011	BACKGROUND: gp91(PHOX), a catalytic subunit of NAD(P)H oxidase, is involved in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced superoxide (O2-) generation.	Superoxides	123-125	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	12-16
11339504-1	2001	OBJECTIVE: Superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase consists of the membrane-bound cytochrome b558 (gp91phox and p22Phox) and the cytosolic components (p67phox, p47phox, p40phox and rac).	Superoxides	11-21	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	147-154
20959532-8	2011	Silencing TLR2, TLR4, and p47phox with small inhibitory RNAs (siRNAs) significantly reduced superoxide release, NF-kappaB activity, IL-1beta, and MCP-1 secretion in HG and palmitate-treated THP-1 cells.	Superoxides	92-102	toll like receptor 4	Homo sapiens	16-20
22140445-3	2011	Furthermore, we established in mice a correlation between hypoxic induction of Egr-1 and reduced activity of extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD), an antioxidant that scavenges extracellular superoxide.	Superoxides	123-133	early growth response 1	Mus musculus	79-84
22140445-3	2011	Furthermore, we established in mice a correlation between hypoxic induction of Egr-1 and reduced activity of extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD), an antioxidant that scavenges extracellular superoxide.	Superoxides	123-133	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	145-151
21655287-6	2011	Despite in vitro analyses demonstrating that apocynin and DM ameliorate Abeta-induced extracellular superoxide production and neurotoxicity, both DM and apocynin failed to significantly affect learning and memory tasks or synaptic density in hAPP(751)(SL) mice.	Superoxides	100-110	amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein	Mus musculus	72-77
21155037-6	2011	Hyperoxia- induced activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, which is responsible for superoxide anion production, as evidenced by upregulation and membrane translocation of p67(phox) was significantly attenuated after G-CSF treatment, as were inflammatory responses such as increased myeloperoxidase activity and mRNA expression of transforming growth factor-beta.	Superoxides	111-127	methionyl aminopeptidase 2	Rattus norvegicus	199-202
21155037-6	2011	Hyperoxia- induced activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, which is responsible for superoxide anion production, as evidenced by upregulation and membrane translocation of p67(phox) was significantly attenuated after G-CSF treatment, as were inflammatory responses such as increased myeloperoxidase activity and mRNA expression of transforming growth factor-beta.	Superoxides	111-127	myeloperoxidase	Rattus norvegicus	310-325
22129883-10	2011	Overexpression of 5-LOX only slightly improved the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	65-75	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Rattus norvegicus	18-23
11098048-9	2001	Antisense oligonucleotides of Nox 4 reduced osteoclastic superoxide generation as well as resorption pit formation by osteoclasts.	Superoxides	57-67	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	30-35
21217813-5	2010	We demonstrate that eEF1gamma partially colocalises with the mitochondrial marker Tom20 and that eEF1gamma depletion increases mitochondrial superoxide generation as well as the total levels of carbonylated proteins.	Superoxides	141-151	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 gamma	Homo sapiens	97-106
21172655-1	2010	Genetic deletion of the mitochondrial deacetylase sirtuin-3 (Sirt3) results in increased mitochondrial superoxide, a tumor-permissive environment, and mammary tumor development.	Superoxides	103-113	sirtuin 3	Mus musculus	61-66
11159050-4	2001	Hypoxia (1% O2) inhibited the production of superoxide (O2-) and the induction of MnSOD, but not TNF-alpha, mRNA.	Superoxides	12-14	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	82-87
21172655-6	2010	Furthermore, infection of Sirt3-/- MEFs with lenti-MnSOD(K122-R) inhibited in vitro immortalization by an oncogene (Ras), inhibited IR-induced genomic instability, and decreased mitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	192-202	sirtuin 3	Mus musculus	26-31
20887783-4	2010	We hypothesized that after the initial burst of oxidative stress associated with cigarette smoke exposure, a sustained source of endogenous free radical production is modulated by the antioxidant enzyme extracellular superoxide dismutase (ECSOD) and the superoxide-generating complex NADPH oxidase (NOX).	Superoxides	217-227	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	239-244
11159975-3	2001	In this study we have investigated galectin-3-induced NADPH oxidase activation, measured as superoxide production, in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-primed neutrophils.	Superoxides	92-102	galectin 3	Homo sapiens	35-45
20817944-1	2010	The assembly of cytosolic subunits p47(phox), p67(phox), and p40(phox) with flavocytochrome b(558) at the membrane is required for activating the neutrophil NADPH oxidase that generates superoxide for microbial killing.	Superoxides	186-196	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	35-38
11159975-4	2001	Upon galectin-3 challenge, the LPS-primed cells produced superoxide, both extracellularly and intracellularly.	Superoxides	57-67	galectin 3	Homo sapiens	5-15
11180339-0	2001	An Exceptionally Stable Ti Superoxide Radical Ion: A Novel Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Direct Conversion of Aromatic Primary Amines to Nitro Compounds The authors are thankful to Dr. Devotta and the Director, NCL for their constant encouragement.	Superoxides	27-45	nucleolin	Homo sapiens	212-215
20223106-1	2010	OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of ulinastatin, a urinary trypsin inhibitor (UTI), on jugular venous superoxide radical (O2- ) generation, oxidative stress, early inflammation, and endothelial activation in forebrain ischemia/reperfusion (FBI/R) rats.	Superoxides	108-126	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Rattus norvegicus	42-53
20600453-6	2010	The parameters most indicative of a 3T3 NRU positive PIF or MPE score were the extent of degradation in solution, the quantum yield of formation of singlet oxygen and the relative formation of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	193-209	PIF1 5'-to-3' DNA helicase	Homo sapiens	53-56
11163531-9	2001	These observations suggest that epinephrine via beta(1)-adrenoceptor activation causes superoxide anion generation, and the superoxide subsequently upregulates the endogenous antioxidant species SOD.	Superoxides	87-103	adrenoceptor beta 1	Homo sapiens	48-68
20529851-1	2010	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of resting phagocytes includes cytochrome b(559), a membrane-associated heterodimer composed of two subunits (Nox2 and p22(phox)), and four cytosolic proteins (p47(phox), p67(phox), Rac, and p40(phox)).	Superoxides	4-14	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	167-170
20529851-1	2010	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of resting phagocytes includes cytochrome b(559), a membrane-associated heterodimer composed of two subunits (Nox2 and p22(phox)), and four cytosolic proteins (p47(phox), p67(phox), Rac, and p40(phox)).	Superoxides	4-14	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	171-175
20529851-1	2010	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of resting phagocytes includes cytochrome b(559), a membrane-associated heterodimer composed of two subunits (Nox2 and p22(phox)), and four cytosolic proteins (p47(phox), p67(phox), Rac, and p40(phox)).	Superoxides	4-14	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	208-211
20529851-1	2010	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of resting phagocytes includes cytochrome b(559), a membrane-associated heterodimer composed of two subunits (Nox2 and p22(phox)), and four cytosolic proteins (p47(phox), p67(phox), Rac, and p40(phox)).	Superoxides	4-14	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	212-216
20529851-1	2010	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of resting phagocytes includes cytochrome b(559), a membrane-associated heterodimer composed of two subunits (Nox2 and p22(phox)), and four cytosolic proteins (p47(phox), p67(phox), Rac, and p40(phox)).	Superoxides	4-14	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	212-216
20529851-1	2010	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of resting phagocytes includes cytochrome b(559), a membrane-associated heterodimer composed of two subunits (Nox2 and p22(phox)), and four cytosolic proteins (p47(phox), p67(phox), Rac, and p40(phox)).	Superoxides	4-14	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	212-216
11163531-9	2001	These observations suggest that epinephrine via beta(1)-adrenoceptor activation causes superoxide anion generation, and the superoxide subsequently upregulates the endogenous antioxidant species SOD.	Superoxides	87-97	adrenoceptor beta 1	Homo sapiens	48-68
11032835-4	2001	The NOX4 protein of 578 amino acids exhibits 39% identity to gp91(phox) with special conservation in membrane-spanning regions and binding sites for heme, FAD, and NAD(P)H, indicative of its function as a superoxide-producing NAD(P)H oxidase.	Superoxides	205-215	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	4-8
20811569-5	2010	The results revealed that SOD1 was essential for viability and that depletion of SOD1, especially nuclear SOD1, increased sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequency, suggesting that superoxide is generated in or near the nucleus and that nuclear SOD1 functions as a guardian of the genome.	Superoxides	181-191	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Gallus gallus	81-85
20811569-5	2010	The results revealed that SOD1 was essential for viability and that depletion of SOD1, especially nuclear SOD1, increased sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequency, suggesting that superoxide is generated in or near the nucleus and that nuclear SOD1 functions as a guardian of the genome.	Superoxides	181-191	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Gallus gallus	81-85
20811569-5	2010	The results revealed that SOD1 was essential for viability and that depletion of SOD1, especially nuclear SOD1, increased sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequency, suggesting that superoxide is generated in or near the nucleus and that nuclear SOD1 functions as a guardian of the genome.	Superoxides	181-191	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Gallus gallus	81-85
20453164-13	2010	Our results indicate that NOS3 contributes to ventilator-induced lung injury via increased production of superoxide.	Superoxides	105-115	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	26-30
20716294-3	2010	The activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, oxidases (i.e., Nox4), and systems metabolizing superoxide and peroxide markedly influence hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV).	Superoxides	101-111	NADPH oxidase 4	Bos taurus	69-73
11032835-5	2001	The membrane fraction of kidney-derived human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells, expressing NOX4, exhibits NADH- and NADPH-dependent superoxide-producing activities, both of which are inhibited by diphenylene iodonium, an agent known to block oxygen sensing, and decreased in cells expressing antisense NOX4 mRNA.	Superoxides	132-142	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	91-95
11032835-5	2001	The membrane fraction of kidney-derived human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells, expressing NOX4, exhibits NADH- and NADPH-dependent superoxide-producing activities, both of which are inhibited by diphenylene iodonium, an agent known to block oxygen sensing, and decreased in cells expressing antisense NOX4 mRNA.	Superoxides	132-142	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	302-306
11032835-8	2001	In addition, overexpression of NOX4 in cultured cells leads to increased superoxide production and decreased rate of growth.	Superoxides	73-83	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	31-35
20522591-7	2010	Chronic treatment with the sGC activator HMR1766 improved NO sensitivity and endothelial function, reduced CYP2E1 expression and superoxide formation, enhanced 20-HETE levels, and reversed the contractile deficit observed in the diabetic rats that received placebo.	Superoxides	129-139	guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2	Rattus norvegicus	27-30
11020659-0	2000	Detection of superoxide anion released extracellularly by endothelial cells using cytochrome c reduction, ESR, fluorescence and lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence techniques.	Superoxides	13-29	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	82-94
20148283-0	2010	Urinary trypsin inhibitor suppresses excessive generation of superoxide anion radical, systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial injury in endotoxemic rats.	Superoxides	61-85	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Rattus norvegicus	0-25
11053990-7	2000	Our results suggest that Mn-SOD mRNA was frequently reduced in esophageal carcinoma when compared to the normal mucosa and the reduced expression levels of Mn-SOD mRNA may lead to an accumulation of superoxide radicals in conjunction with the increased invasiveness of esophageal carcinoma.	Superoxides	199-209	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	156-162
10914487-6	2000	Thus, the crosslinking of CD148 was able to induce the degranulation and the induction of superoxide anion generation.	Superoxides	90-106	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type J	Homo sapiens	26-31
21063103-0	2010	Opposite effect of Hsp90alpha and Hsp90beta on eNOS ability to produce nitric oxide or superoxide anion in human embryonic kidney cells.	Superoxides	87-103	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class B member 1	Homo sapiens	34-43
10719243-1	2000	Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) reacts with either oxygen or superoxide and tryptophan (trp) or other indoleamines while tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) reacts with oxygen and is specific for trp.	Superoxides	63-73	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-27
19666465-6	2009	Pharmacological inhibition of DHFR activity by methotrexate or genetic knockdown of DHFR protein by RNA interference reduced intracellular BH4 and increased BH2 levels resulting in enzymatic uncoupling of eNOS, as indicated by increased eNOS-dependent superoxide but reduced NO production.	Superoxides	252-262	dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens	30-34
19666465-6	2009	Pharmacological inhibition of DHFR activity by methotrexate or genetic knockdown of DHFR protein by RNA interference reduced intracellular BH4 and increased BH2 levels resulting in enzymatic uncoupling of eNOS, as indicated by increased eNOS-dependent superoxide but reduced NO production.	Superoxides	252-262	dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens	84-88
10719243-1	2000	Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) reacts with either oxygen or superoxide and tryptophan (trp) or other indoleamines while tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) reacts with oxygen and is specific for trp.	Superoxides	63-73	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	29-32
19692703-3	2009	A fifth subunit, p40(phox), plays an important role in phagocytosis-induced superoxide production via a phox homology (PX) domain that binds to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(3)P).	Superoxides	76-86	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	21-25
19692703-3	2009	A fifth subunit, p40(phox), plays an important role in phagocytosis-induced superoxide production via a phox homology (PX) domain that binds to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(3)P).	Superoxides	76-86	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	104-108
10669417-2	2000	PI3Kgamma was required for chemoattractant-induced production of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate [PtdIns (3,4,5)P3] and has an important role in chemoattractant-induced superoxide production and chemotaxis in mouse neutrophils and in production of T cell-independent antigen-specific antibodies composed of the immunoglobulin lambda light chain (TI-IglambdaL).	Superoxides	178-188	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma	Mus musculus	0-9
19696743-4	2009	Neutrophils isolated from Mkp5(-/-) mice exhibited augmented p38 MAPK activation and increased superoxide generation on activation.	Superoxides	95-105	dual specificity phosphatase 10	Mus musculus	26-30
10644478-1	2000	BACKGROUND: Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) catalyzes the scavenging of superoxide radicals in order to protect cells from the damage caused by reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	22-32	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	44-49
19657099-11	2009	Further investigation revealed that oxidative stress due to increased superoxide generation was responsible for increased phosphorylation and degradation of IkappaBalpha leading to NF-kappaB activation in the liver.	Superoxides	70-80	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Rattus norvegicus	157-169
19309260-1	2009	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase NOX1 is thought to be involved in signaling by the angiotensin II-receptor AT1R.	Superoxides	4-14	angiotensin II, type I receptor-associated protein	Mus musculus	115-119
19438290-3	2009	Nox1 and Nox3 are similar to the phagocytic (Nox2-based) oxidase, functioning as multicomponent superoxide-generating enzymes.	Superoxides	96-106	NADPH oxidase 3	Homo sapiens	9-13
10736065-12	2000	These results suggest that superoxide anions intraluminally generated within cerebral microvessels participate in the development of neuronal tolerance as well as the induction of hsp 72 following PC.	Superoxides	27-44	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 1A	Rattus norvegicus	180-186
19737096-13	2009	Increased levels of reactive oxygen species (i.e., H(2)O(2) and superoxide anion) accumulated only in the ATAF1-OE but not in the ATAF1-SRDX plants after Botrytis spp.	Superoxides	64-80	NAC (No Apical Meristem) domain transcriptional regulator superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	106-111
20137536-4	2009	Myocardial NADPH oxidase activity was evaluated by NADPH dependent superoxide production examined using superoxide dismutase-inhibitable cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	67-77	NADPH oxidase 1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	11-24
19446539-2	2009	TOF and ethyl acetate extracts were found to be efficient in inhibiting xanthine oxidase with IC(50) values of 240 and 185 microg/ml and superoxide anion with IC(50) values of 150 and 215 microg/ml, respectively.	Superoxides	137-153	FEZ family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
10623852-8	2000	Finally, the stimulation of superoxide production observed in response to CD32 cross-linking was enhanced in calyculin-treated cells.	Superoxides	28-38	Fc gamma receptor IIa	Homo sapiens	74-78
19747097-0	2009	Effect of exogenous phenols on superoxide production by extracellular peroxidase from wheat seedling roots.	Superoxides	31-41	peroxidase-like	Triticum aestivum	70-80
19747097-3	2009	Both ferulate and coniferol, when added together with hydrogen peroxide, stimulated superoxide production by extracellular peroxidase.	Superoxides	84-94	peroxidase-like	Triticum aestivum	123-133
19220254-0	2009	Superoxide from NADPH oxidase as second messenger for the expression of osteopontin and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in renal epithelial cells exposed to calcium oxalate crystals.	Superoxides	0-10	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Rattus norvegicus	88-122
10644521-3	2000	However, evidence strongly suggests that cellular supply of L-Arg may become limiting and lead to reduced NO and increased superoxide anion (O(-)(2)*) formation, promoting cardiovascular dysfunction.	Superoxides	123-139	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12	Homo sapiens	60-65
10593590-7	1999	In contrast, the role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in B[a]P-induced superoxide ion enhancement is suggested by the inhibitory effect of the specific antagonist alpha-naphthoflavone (alphaNF), while the tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) is not involved in the phenomenon.	Superoxides	78-88	aryl hydrocarbon receptor	Homo sapiens	29-54
19487814-4	2009	Further, treatment of Cav1-/- mice with either MnTMPyP (a superoxide scavenger) or l-NAME (a NOS inhibitor) reversed their pulmonary vascular pathology and PH phenotype.	Superoxides	58-68	caveolin 1, caveolae protein	Mus musculus	22-26
19357530-12	2009	Increased NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production was significantly associated with higher NADPH oxidase p22phox expression in insulin-resistant than in insulin-sensitive patients.	Superoxides	34-44	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	111-118
10593590-7	1999	In contrast, the role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in B[a]P-induced superoxide ion enhancement is suggested by the inhibitory effect of the specific antagonist alpha-naphthoflavone (alphaNF), while the tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) is not involved in the phenomenon.	Superoxides	78-88	aryl hydrocarbon receptor	Homo sapiens	56-59
10498818-5	1999	Elevated levels of superoxide, generated either intracellularly by paraquat or extracellularly via xanthine oxidase and hypoxanthine, resulted dose-dependently in a larger decline of cell viability in the .NO forming cultures compared to controls (release of lactate dehydrogenase, citrate synthase, stainability by propidium iodide, and tetramethylrhodamine).	Superoxides	19-29	citrate synthase	Homo sapiens	282-298
19473058-0	2009	Nitric oxide and superoxide anion differentially activate poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 and Bax to induce nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor and mitochondrial release of cytochrome c after spinal cord injury.	Superoxides	17-33	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Rattus norvegicus	58-87
19473058-0	2009	Nitric oxide and superoxide anion differentially activate poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 and Bax to induce nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor and mitochondrial release of cytochrome c after spinal cord injury.	Superoxides	17-33	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	92-95
19473058-6	2009	We conclude that overproduction of NO and O(2)(.-) in the injured spinal cord promulgates mitochondrial dysfunction and triggers AIF- and caspase-dependent apoptotic signaling cascades via differential upregulation of nuclear PARP-1 and mitochondrial translocation of Bax.	Superoxides	42-46	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Rattus norvegicus	226-232
19473058-6	2009	We conclude that overproduction of NO and O(2)(.-) in the injured spinal cord promulgates mitochondrial dysfunction and triggers AIF- and caspase-dependent apoptotic signaling cascades via differential upregulation of nuclear PARP-1 and mitochondrial translocation of Bax.	Superoxides	42-46	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	268-271
10506947-15	1999	Xanthine oxidase has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of post-ischemic reperfusion tissue injury through the generation of reactive oxygen species, while the extensive tissue localization of xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase suggests several other roles for this enzyme, including a protective barrier against bacterial infection by producing either superoxide radicals or uric acid.	Superoxides	364-383	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	208-238
19386027-15	2009	Superoxide anion-induced HSC apoptosis is dependent on JNK activation and glutathione status.	Superoxides	0-16	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Rattus norvegicus	55-58
10523394-0	1999	Ang II-stimulated superoxide production is mediated via phospholipase D in human vascular smooth muscle cells.	Superoxides	18-28	angiogenin	Homo sapiens	0-3
19503084-0	2009	NADPH oxidase is the primary source of superoxide induced by NMDA receptor activation.	Superoxides	39-49	glutamate receptor, ionotropic, NMDA1 (zeta 1)	Mus musculus	61-74
10540223-2	1999	Superoxide generation associated with respiratory burst is largely dependent on the assembly of the NADPH oxidase complex in the membrane, consisting of membrane-bound cytochrome b558 and translocated p47phox and p67phox.	Superoxides	0-10	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	213-220
19503084-1	2009	Neuronal NMDA receptor (NMDAR) activation leads to the formation of superoxide, which normally acts in cell signaling.	Superoxides	68-78	glutamate receptor, ionotropic, NMDA1 (zeta 1)	Mus musculus	9-22
19503084-1	2009	Neuronal NMDA receptor (NMDAR) activation leads to the formation of superoxide, which normally acts in cell signaling.	Superoxides	68-78	glutamate receptor, ionotropic, NMDA1 (zeta 1)	Mus musculus	24-29
19503084-2	2009	With extensive NMDAR activation, the resulting superoxide production leads to neuronal death.	Superoxides	47-57	glutamate receptor, ionotropic, NMDA1 (zeta 1)	Mus musculus	15-20
10555159-2	1999	Regulation of reactive oxygen species by nerve growth factor but not by Bcl-2 as a novel mechanism of protection of PC12 cells from superoxide anion-induced death.	Superoxides	132-148	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	41-60
19453511-5	2009	Unlike the wild-type, Col-0, Arabidopsis mutants deficient in ethylene signaling (ein2) or salicylic acid biosynthesis (sid2) generated high levels of superoxide and exhibited visible leaf injury, indicating that ethylene and salicylic acid can reduce ozone damage.	Superoxides	151-161	ADC synthase superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	120-124
19232731-4	2009	Previously, we showed that Dectin-1 mediates phagocytosis of beta-glucan and subsequent superoxide production in microglia.	Superoxides	88-98	C-type lectin domain containing 7A	Homo sapiens	27-35
10555159-4	1999	125, 952-959), we reported that nerve growth factor (NGF) protected PC12 cells from superoxide anion (O2-)-induced cell death through a novel regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which increased O2- and decreased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), indicating that decreasing conversion from O2- to H2O2 is a critical process for the protection by NGF.	Superoxides	84-100	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	32-51
10555159-4	1999	125, 952-959), we reported that nerve growth factor (NGF) protected PC12 cells from superoxide anion (O2-)-induced cell death through a novel regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which increased O2- and decreased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), indicating that decreasing conversion from O2- to H2O2 is a critical process for the protection by NGF.	Superoxides	84-100	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	53-56
19715503-2	2009	In-vitro administration of salmon IGF-I (sIGF-I), human IGF-I, and human IGF-II Increased superoxide production in zymosan-stimulated HKL.	Superoxides	90-100	insulin like growth factor 2	Homo sapiens	73-79
19090790-1	2009	The superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase in phagocytes is crucial for host defence; its catalytic core is the membrane-integrated protein gp91phox [also known as Nox2 (NADPH oxidase 2)], which forms a stable heterodimer with p22phox.	Superoxides	4-14	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	223-230
19090790-3	2009	At the membrane, these proteins assemble with the gp91phox-p22phox heterodimer and induce a conformational change of gp91phox, leading to superoxide production.	Superoxides	138-148	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	59-66
19168729-4	2009	PDBu appeared to increase superoxide generation by Nox2 through both p47(phox) and peroxide-dependent Src activation mechanisms based on the actions of inhibitors, properties of Src phosphorylation, and the loss of responses in aorta from mice deficient in Nox2 and p47(phox).	Superoxides	26-36	Rous sarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	102-105
10555159-4	1999	125, 952-959), we reported that nerve growth factor (NGF) protected PC12 cells from superoxide anion (O2-)-induced cell death through a novel regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which increased O2- and decreased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), indicating that decreasing conversion from O2- to H2O2 is a critical process for the protection by NGF.	Superoxides	102-104	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	32-51
10555159-4	1999	125, 952-959), we reported that nerve growth factor (NGF) protected PC12 cells from superoxide anion (O2-)-induced cell death through a novel regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which increased O2- and decreased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), indicating that decreasing conversion from O2- to H2O2 is a critical process for the protection by NGF.	Superoxides	102-104	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	53-56
10555159-4	1999	125, 952-959), we reported that nerve growth factor (NGF) protected PC12 cells from superoxide anion (O2-)-induced cell death through a novel regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which increased O2- and decreased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), indicating that decreasing conversion from O2- to H2O2 is a critical process for the protection by NGF.	Superoxides	202-204	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	32-51
10555159-4	1999	125, 952-959), we reported that nerve growth factor (NGF) protected PC12 cells from superoxide anion (O2-)-induced cell death through a novel regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which increased O2- and decreased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), indicating that decreasing conversion from O2- to H2O2 is a critical process for the protection by NGF.	Superoxides	202-204	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	53-56
10555159-4	1999	125, 952-959), we reported that nerve growth factor (NGF) protected PC12 cells from superoxide anion (O2-)-induced cell death through a novel regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which increased O2- and decreased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), indicating that decreasing conversion from O2- to H2O2 is a critical process for the protection by NGF.	Superoxides	202-204	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	32-51
10555159-4	1999	125, 952-959), we reported that nerve growth factor (NGF) protected PC12 cells from superoxide anion (O2-)-induced cell death through a novel regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which increased O2- and decreased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), indicating that decreasing conversion from O2- to H2O2 is a critical process for the protection by NGF.	Superoxides	202-204	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	53-56
20454568-9	2010	In contrast, complex formation is severely inhibited in the presence of the C-terminal tail of NOXO1, suggesting that this region competes for binding to p22(phox) and thereby contributes to the regulation of superoxide production.	Superoxides	209-219	NADPH oxidase organizer 1	Homo sapiens	95-100
10480877-0	1999	Tetrahydrobiopterin-dependent inhibition of superoxide generation from neuronal nitric oxide synthase.	Superoxides	44-54	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	71-101
20454568-9	2010	In contrast, complex formation is severely inhibited in the presence of the C-terminal tail of NOXO1, suggesting that this region competes for binding to p22(phox) and thereby contributes to the regulation of superoxide production.	Superoxides	209-219	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	154-157
19843095-0	2010	Evidence that nitric oxide inhibits vascular inflammation and superoxide production via a p47phox-dependent mechanism in mice.	Superoxides	62-72	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	90-97
10480877-2	1999	Here, we demonstrate using electron spin resonance spin-trapping with 5-diethoxyphosphoryl-5-methyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide that pterin-free nNOS generates superoxide from the reductase and the oxygenase domain by a calcium/calmodulin-dependent mechanism.	Superoxides	152-162	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	137-141
10480877-5	1999	L-Arginine alone inhibits the generation of superoxide by nNOS but not by C331A-nNOS mutant that has a low affinity for L-arginine.	Superoxides	44-54	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	58-62
20194292-3	2010	In the present study, we hypothesized that EPO stimulates expression and activity of copper- and zinc-containing superoxide dismutase (SOD1), thus protecting vascular tissue from oxidative stress induced by excessive concentrations of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	235-252	erythropoietin	Mus musculus	43-46
10480877-6	1999	A greater decrease in superoxide yields is observed when nNOS is preincubated with L-arginine.	Superoxides	22-32	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	57-61
20194292-6	2010	The ability of EPO to reduce vascular production of superoxide anions was abolished in SOD1-deficient mice.	Superoxides	52-69	erythropoietin	Mus musculus	15-18
10512624-2	1999	We have made a mutant containing the conservative replacement Trp 161 --&gt; Phe in human MnSOD (W161F MnSOD), determined its crystal structure, and measured the catalysis of the resulting mutant using pulse radiolysis to produce O(2)(*)(-).	Superoxides	230-234	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	90-95
20533900-5	2010	The inducible leak through the ANT (adenine nucleotide translocase) and UCPs (uncoupling proteins) can be activated by fatty acids, superoxide or lipid peroxidation products.	Superoxides	132-142	solute carrier family 25 member 6	Homo sapiens	31-34
10464245-1	1999	The small GTP-binding protein Rac1, a member of the Ras superfamily, plays a fundamental role in cytoskeleton reorganization, cellular transformation, the induction of DNA synthesis, and superoxide production.	Superoxides	187-197	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	30-34
19625761-5	2010	MATERIALS AND METHODS: We assessed gene and protein expression of p22phox (RT-PCR and Western blot), NAD(P)H oxidase subunit essential for superoxide production and gene expression of transforming growth fator (TGF) beta, plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1, and heme oxygenase (HO)-1, effectors of OxSt (RT-PCR), in a Conn"s adenoma, removed from a patient with primary hyperaldosteronism.	Superoxides	139-149	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	66-73
19497959-1	2009	We examined the role of interleukin (IL)-18 and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemokines (CINC)-1 and CINC-3 in the neutrophil release of superoxide anion (O2-) and elastase following alcohol/ethanol (EtOH) and burn injury.	Superoxides	136-152	interleukin 18	Rattus norvegicus	24-43
19497959-1	2009	We examined the role of interleukin (IL)-18 and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemokines (CINC)-1 and CINC-3 in the neutrophil release of superoxide anion (O2-) and elastase following alcohol/ethanol (EtOH) and burn injury.	Superoxides	136-152	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1	Rattus norvegicus	48-95
19497959-1	2009	We examined the role of interleukin (IL)-18 and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemokines (CINC)-1 and CINC-3 in the neutrophil release of superoxide anion (O2-) and elastase following alcohol/ethanol (EtOH) and burn injury.	Superoxides	154-156	interleukin 18	Rattus norvegicus	24-43
19656030-13	2009	Exogenous CP treatment of healthy PMNs resulted in significant increases in O(2)(-) generation and iron ion conversion similar to LAgP PMNs.	Superoxides	76-80	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	10-12
19656030-14	2009	CONCLUSION: LAgP PMNs are primed to express higher levels of CP, leading to hypoxia-mediated O(2)(-) generation in PMNs and increased oxidative stress and neutrophil-mediated tissue injury in LAgP.	Superoxides	93-97	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	61-63
19642220-7	2009	LF ability to inhibit superoxide radical generation was higher in sows as in cows and increased significantly within examined time.	Superoxides	22-32	lactotransferrin	Bos taurus	0-2
19276128-9	2009	Finally, the supplementation of human Trx-1, superoxide scavenger, or peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst in HG pre-cultured cells reduced Trx-1 nitration, preserved Trx-1 activity, and normalized SI/R injury to levels observed in NG pre-cultured cardiomyocytes.	Superoxides	45-55	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	140-145
19276128-9	2009	Finally, the supplementation of human Trx-1, superoxide scavenger, or peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst in HG pre-cultured cells reduced Trx-1 nitration, preserved Trx-1 activity, and normalized SI/R injury to levels observed in NG pre-cultured cardiomyocytes.	Superoxides	45-55	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	140-145
19561112-6	2009	In addition, we observed significant reduction in NADPH oxidase-mediated superoxide production and complement-mediated phagocytosis in FAK null neutrophils.	Superoxides	73-83	PTK2 protein tyrosine kinase 2	Mus musculus	135-138
19561112-9	2009	Disruption of FAK also reduced chemoattractant-elicited superoxide production in suspended neutrophils in the absence of cell adhesion.	Superoxides	56-66	PTK2 protein tyrosine kinase 2	Mus musculus	14-17
19546249-5	2009	Using mice deficient for the catalytic subunit gp91(phox) to characterize the molecular link to activated T cell apoptosis, we show that gp91(phox)-deficient T (T(-/-)) cells generated mitochondrial superoxide but had diminished hydrogen peroxide production in response to neglect, which, in turn, regulated Jun N-terminal kinase-dependent Bax activation and apoptosis.	Superoxides	199-209	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	47-51
19546249-5	2009	Using mice deficient for the catalytic subunit gp91(phox) to characterize the molecular link to activated T cell apoptosis, we show that gp91(phox)-deficient T (T(-/-)) cells generated mitochondrial superoxide but had diminished hydrogen peroxide production in response to neglect, which, in turn, regulated Jun N-terminal kinase-dependent Bax activation and apoptosis.	Superoxides	199-209	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	137-141
19345729-6	2009	Glucose-induced activation of retinal capillary cell MMP-2 and MT1-MMP and decrease in TIMP-2 were inhibited by superoxide scavengers, and their accelerated apoptosis was prevented by the inhibitors of MMP-2.	Superoxides	112-122	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2	Rattus norvegicus	87-93
19363130-9	2009	MG-132 or the neutralization of TNF-alpha reduced superoxide production in Lepr(db) mice.	Superoxides	50-60	leptin receptor	Mus musculus	75-79
19061438-5	2009	Endosomes containing Nox2 and ClC-3 (called signaling endosomes) are composed of internalized plasma membrane and generate O(2)(*-) in the endosomal lumen to initiate signaling at intracellular sites.	Superoxides	123-127	chloride voltage-gated channel 3	Homo sapiens	30-35
19645667-0	2009	Site-directed mutagenesis of cytochrome c: reactions with respiratory chain components and superoxide radical.	Superoxides	91-101	cytochrome c, somatic	Equus caballus	29-41
19645667-1	2009	Three forms of horse heart cytochrome c with specific substitutions of heme cleft surface located amino acid residues involved in specific interactions with ubiquinol:cytochrome c reductase (complex III) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV) were constructed, and their reactions with superoxide radical produced by NADH:ubiquinone reductase (complex I) were studied.	Superoxides	285-303	cytochrome c, somatic	Equus caballus	167-179
19645667-1	2009	Three forms of horse heart cytochrome c with specific substitutions of heme cleft surface located amino acid residues involved in specific interactions with ubiquinol:cytochrome c reductase (complex III) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV) were constructed, and their reactions with superoxide radical produced by NADH:ubiquinone reductase (complex I) were studied.	Superoxides	285-303	cytochrome c, somatic	Equus caballus	167-179
19645667-5	2009	Quantitative comparison of superoxide-mediated cytochrome c reduction with hydrogen peroxide-mediated Amplex Red oxidation suggests that complex I within its native environment (submitochondrial particles) produces both superoxide (~50%) and hydrogen peroxide (~50%).	Superoxides	27-37	cytochrome c, somatic	Equus caballus	47-59
19234337-12	2009	Studies using human ECs demonstrated that TNF-alpha-induced CCL2 production was also inhibited by the NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor DPI, the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine, or the superoxide scavenger Tiron, further indicating that inhibition occurs through the NAD(P)H/ROS pathway.	Superoxides	177-187	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	60-64
19332555-7	2009	This pathway manifests itself during chronic ethanol consumption in aged animals and identifies caspase-2, Bid, and Bak as essential mediators of O(2)(*-)-induced apoptosis that may prove effective targets for the development of therapeutics to treat alcoholic liver disease.	Superoxides	146-154	caspase 2	Homo sapiens	96-105
19136381-2	2009	Superoxide formation causes c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK)- and caspase-dependent apoptosis in cultured hepatocytes.	Superoxides	0-10	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Rattus norvegicus	28-53
19136381-2	2009	Superoxide formation causes c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK)- and caspase-dependent apoptosis in cultured hepatocytes.	Superoxides	0-10	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Rattus norvegicus	55-58
19091790-9	2009	In addition, Ad CuZnSOD reduced the elevation of superoxide level in CBs from CHF rabbits.	Superoxides	49-59	superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Oryctolagus cuniculus	16-23
19084054-5	2009	fMLP- and AA-induced tyrosyl phosphorylation and translocation of the cytosolic proteins: p47(phox), p67(phox), and Rac to the cell membrane were suppressed in parallel with the suppression of stimulus-induced superoxide generation.	Superoxides	210-220	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	90-93
19130504-0	2009	HIV-1 Nef induces p47(phox) phosphorylation leading to a rapid superoxide anion release from the U937 human monoblastic cell line.	Superoxides	63-79	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	18-21
18983909-2	2009	Here we show that the premature mortality of Drosophila deficient in superoxide scavengers, superoxide dismutase (SOD) 1 or SOD2, is rescued by chronic hypoxia.	Superoxides	69-79	Superoxide dismutase 2 (Mn)	Drosophila melanogaster	124-128
18983909-4	2009	This finding challenges the notion that irreversible oxidative damage initiated by unscavenged superoxide in the mitochondrial matrix underpins the premature mortality of SOD2-deficient adults.	Superoxides	95-105	Superoxide dismutase 2 (Mn)	Drosophila melanogaster	171-175
19542619-7	2009	Interestingly, vitamin C was found to be selective in the scavenging activity, suggesting that expression of truncated tau protein preferentially leads to increases in aqueous phase oxidants and free radicals such as hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl and superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	252-262	microtubule associated protein tau	Homo sapiens	119-122
20375610-2	2009	In activation of the oxidase, the multidomain protein p67(phox)plays a central role: it translocates to the membrane as a ternary complex with p47(phox)and p40(phox), and interacts with the small GTPase Rac to assemble with the membrane-integrated catalytic protein gp91(phox), leading to superoxide production.	Superoxides	289-299	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	143-146
18714161-7	2009	Inhibition of superoxide was associated with a decreased Bax/Bcl-xL ratio, and caspase-3 and -9 expression.	Superoxides	14-24	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	57-60
18987137-0	2009	Viral inhibitor of apoptosis vFLIP/K13 protects endothelial cells against superoxide-induced cell death.	Superoxides	74-84	keratin 13	Homo sapiens	35-38
18987137-8	2009	The induction of MnSOD expression was dependent on vFLIP/K13-mediated activation of NF-kappaB, occurred in a cell-intrinsic manner, and was correlated with decreased intracellular superoxide accumulation and increased resistance of endothelial cells to superoxide-induced death.	Superoxides	180-190	keratin 13	Homo sapiens	57-60
18987137-8	2009	The induction of MnSOD expression was dependent on vFLIP/K13-mediated activation of NF-kappaB, occurred in a cell-intrinsic manner, and was correlated with decreased intracellular superoxide accumulation and increased resistance of endothelial cells to superoxide-induced death.	Superoxides	253-263	keratin 13	Homo sapiens	57-60
18818682-3	2009	The AG490 JAK2 inhibitor and overexpression of a dominant negative JAK2 protein protected endothelial and renal epithelial cells in culture against peroxide, superoxide anion and cyclosporin A induced cell death while reducing intracellular oxidation in cells challenged with peroxide and cyclosporin A.	Superoxides	158-174	Janus kinase 2	Mus musculus	10-14
18818682-3	2009	The AG490 JAK2 inhibitor and overexpression of a dominant negative JAK2 protein protected endothelial and renal epithelial cells in culture against peroxide, superoxide anion and cyclosporin A induced cell death while reducing intracellular oxidation in cells challenged with peroxide and cyclosporin A.	Superoxides	158-174	Janus kinase 2	Mus musculus	67-71
19027750-11	2009	Treatment of APN(-/-) mice in vivo with the globular domain of adiponectin reduced aortic superoxide production, increased eNOS phosphorylation, and normalized vasodilatory response to ACh.	Superoxides	90-100	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Mus musculus	13-16
19027750-11	2009	Treatment of APN(-/-) mice in vivo with the globular domain of adiponectin reduced aortic superoxide production, increased eNOS phosphorylation, and normalized vasodilatory response to ACh.	Superoxides	90-100	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Mus musculus	63-74
19129478-1	2009	The assembly of cytosolic p47(phox) and p67(phox) with flavocytochrome b(558) at the membrane is crucial for activating the leukocyte NADPH oxidase that generates superoxide for microbial killing.	Superoxides	163-173	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	26-35
19129478-1	2009	The assembly of cytosolic p47(phox) and p67(phox) with flavocytochrome b(558) at the membrane is crucial for activating the leukocyte NADPH oxidase that generates superoxide for microbial killing.	Superoxides	163-173	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	30-34
19000905-6	2008	We further demonstrate that the in vitro quinone reduction by CBR4 generates superoxide through the redox cycling, and suggest that the enzyme may be involved in the induction of apoptosis by cytotoxic 9,10-phenanthrenequinone.	Superoxides	77-87	carbonyl reductase 4	Homo sapiens	62-66
10485709-5	1999	Here we describe the cloning of mox1, which encodes a homologue of the catalytic subunit of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes, gp91phox.	Superoxides	96-106	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	147-155
18692908-9	2008	Bovine AGP dose-dependently inhibited zymosan-induced PMN extracellular release of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide without affecting the capacity of PMN to engulf and kill Staphylococcus aureus.	Superoxides	83-99	alpha-1-acid glycoprotein	Bos taurus	7-10
19019916-6	2009	Challenge with AOPPs triggered cytosolic superoxide generation, resulting in upregulation of fibronectin and collagen IV genes and proteins and overexpression of TGF-beta1 via a PKC-NADPH oxidase-dependent pathway, as these downstream events were blocked by the inhibitors of PKC, inhibitors of NADPH oxidase, or the cytosolic superoxide scavenger.	Superoxides	41-51	fibronectin 1	Rattus norvegicus	93-104
19189052-3	2009	In this model, superoxide-induced activation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is a central mechanism by which the optimal balance of antifungal host defense and immune tolerance occurs.	Superoxides	15-25	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	48-75
19189052-3	2009	In this model, superoxide-induced activation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is a central mechanism by which the optimal balance of antifungal host defense and immune tolerance occurs.	Superoxides	15-25	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	77-80
10318872-9	1999	Analyses of the biological activities showed that hMBPH had effects similar to hMBP in cell killing and neutrophil (superoxide anion production and interleukin-8 release) and basophil (histamine and leukotriene C4 release) stimulation assays, but usually with reduced potency.	Superoxides	116-132	myelin basic protein	Homo sapiens	50-54
18996352-0	2009	FPRL1-mediated induction of superoxide in LL-37-stimulated IMR90 human fibroblast.	Superoxides	28-38	formyl peptide receptor 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
18794809-2	2008	POX is markedly elevated during p53-induced apoptosis and generates proline-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS), specifically superoxide radicals, to induce apoptosis through both mitochondrial and death receptor pathways.	Superoxides	130-140	proline dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
10226064-2	1999	Here, we report that hydrogen peroxide or 3-morpholinosydnonimine, which simultaneously releases nitric oxide and superoxide, synergize with the cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha to activate NF-kappaB in rat lung epithelial cells, suggesting that signaling pathways elicited by reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are different from TNF-induced signaling.	Superoxides	114-124	tumor necrosis factor-like	Rattus norvegicus	177-180
18757424-8	2008	The NH(2)-terminal domain of TSP2 also stimulates monocyte superoxide production.	Superoxides	59-69	thrombospondin 2	Homo sapiens	29-33
18791203-8	2009	CONCLUSION: LPS + IFN gamma stimulates endothelial cells to produce iNOS-derived NO and NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide, which form peroxynitrite that nitrates tyrosine residues in PP2Ac and inhibits their phosphorylation.	Superoxides	110-120	protein phosphatase 2 (formerly 2A), catalytic subunit, beta isoform	Mus musculus	182-187
18678787-6	2008	Therefore, it can be concluded that the activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Akt pathway, in combination with the translocation of p47phox, p22phox, and Rac-1, contributes to the superoxide production induced by high glucose, resulting in the impairment of ATP-sensitive K(+) channel function in the human visceral artery.	Superoxides	190-200	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	151-158
10336172-3	1999	The present results suggest that ATP7B plays key roles in neurotransmissions of catecholamine pathway and preventing brain tissues from injury by superoxide radicals to regulate the cellular Cu concentration and/or activities of cuproenzymes related to neurotransmissions and a free radical metabolism.	Superoxides	146-156	ATPase copper transporting beta	Rattus norvegicus	33-38
18438942-6	2008	In situ detection of superoxide generation with dihydroethidium fluorescence revealed an increase in superoxide within the ischemic core at 6 hr poststroke that was mostly colocalized with the neuronal marker NeuN.	Superoxides	21-31	RNA binding fox-1 homolog 3	Rattus norvegicus	209-213
19029489-7	2009	In the rat kidneys with transfection of a dominant-active Vav2 variant (onco-Vav2), we found that overexpression of Vav2 led to significant increases in Rac1 activity, superoxide production, and glomerular injury, which was similar to that induced by hyperhomocysteinemia.	Superoxides	168-178	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	58-62
18929641-0	2008	Tumor necrosis factor alpha activates transcription of the NADPH oxidase organizer 1 (NOXO1) gene and upregulates superoxide production in colon epithelial cells.	Superoxides	114-124	NADPH oxidase organizer 1	Homo sapiens	86-91
18438942-6	2008	In situ detection of superoxide generation with dihydroethidium fluorescence revealed an increase in superoxide within the ischemic core at 6 hr poststroke that was mostly colocalized with the neuronal marker NeuN.	Superoxides	101-111	RNA binding fox-1 homolog 3	Rattus norvegicus	209-213
18818569-0	2008	Increased superoxide radical with a decrease in vascular endothelial growth factor and inducible nitric oxide synthase level leads to the progression of left ventricular hypertrophy in a pressure-overload rat heart model.	Superoxides	10-28	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Rattus norvegicus	48-82
18339714-10	2008	The Ras and Rac1 regulation of superoxide appeared to raise apoptotic activity by activating GSK-3beta and inhibiting Wnt5a/beta-catenin signaling.	Superoxides	31-41	catenin beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	124-136
18829738-5	2008	IMD also dramatically decreased superoxide formation and media thickness in the aorta.	Superoxides	32-42	adrenomedullin 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
10209008-1	1999	BACKGROUND: Angiotensin II activates NAD(P)H-dependent oxidases via AT1-receptor stimulation, the most important vascular source of superoxide (O2*-).	Superoxides	132-142	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	68-71
18423932-13	2008	The discrepancy in the dynamics of ETR and Fv/Fm responses may be explained by the formation of alternative electron sinks such as reactive oxygen species, particularly superoxides, which withdraw electrons from the photosynthetic transport, resulting in apparently higher values of calculated ETR.	Superoxides	169-180	ethylene receptor	Malus domestica	35-38
18423932-13	2008	The discrepancy in the dynamics of ETR and Fv/Fm responses may be explained by the formation of alternative electron sinks such as reactive oxygen species, particularly superoxides, which withdraw electrons from the photosynthetic transport, resulting in apparently higher values of calculated ETR.	Superoxides	169-180	ethylene receptor	Malus domestica	294-297
18398337-10	2008	CYBA C242T and NOS3 G894T polymorphisms had additive effects on vascular superoxide generation (P = 0.026) and xanthine oxidase activity was increased in patients with CAD (P = 0.043).	Superoxides	73-83	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	0-4
10209008-1	1999	BACKGROUND: Angiotensin II activates NAD(P)H-dependent oxidases via AT1-receptor stimulation, the most important vascular source of superoxide (O2*-).	Superoxides	144-147	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	68-71
10209008-8	1999	Treatment of cholesterol-fed animals with the AT1-receptor antagonist Bay 10-6734 improved endothelial dysfunction, normalized vascular O2*- and NADH-oxidase activity, decreased macrophage infiltration, and reduced early plaque formation.	Superoxides	136-138	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	46-49
11225732-8	1999	The use of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), which degrades superoxides arising from ischemia/reperfusion injury, is one example of this approach.	Superoxides	70-81	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	11-45
18287332-9	2008	These results demonstrate that extracellular superoxide has proinflammatory effects on neutrophils, predominantly acting through an TLR4-dependent mechanism that enhances nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB and increases expression of NF-kappaB-dependent cytokines.	Superoxides	45-55	toll like receptor 4	Homo sapiens	132-136
18718525-3	2008	Comparison with wild-type (WT) MEF showed that Terc(-/-) MEF had greater oxidant damage, showing higher superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide production and lower catalase activity.	Superoxides	104-120	telomerase RNA component	Mus musculus	47-51
11225732-8	1999	The use of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), which degrades superoxides arising from ischemia/reperfusion injury, is one example of this approach.	Superoxides	70-81	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	47-52
18718527-0	2008	Bz-423 superoxide signals apoptosis via selective activation of JNK, Bak, and Bax.	Superoxides	7-17	BCL2-antagonist/killer 1	Mus musculus	69-72
18718527-4	2008	Bz-423-induced superoxide activates cytosolic ASK1 and its release from thioredoxin.	Superoxides	15-25	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Mus musculus	46-50
18206660-9	2008	The results showed that (1) HO-1 is induced in chronic cholestatic liver disease, (2) superoxide anions time- and dose-dependently induce HO-1 activity, (3) HO-1 overexpression inhibits superoxide-anions-induced apoptosis, and (4) CO blocks superoxide-anions-induced JNK phosphorylation and caspase-9, -6, -3 activation and abolishes apoptosis but does not increase necrosis.	Superoxides	86-103	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	138-142
18206660-9	2008	The results showed that (1) HO-1 is induced in chronic cholestatic liver disease, (2) superoxide anions time- and dose-dependently induce HO-1 activity, (3) HO-1 overexpression inhibits superoxide-anions-induced apoptosis, and (4) CO blocks superoxide-anions-induced JNK phosphorylation and caspase-9, -6, -3 activation and abolishes apoptosis but does not increase necrosis.	Superoxides	86-103	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	138-142
10102279-10	1999	Superoxide generation was measured by superoxide dismutase-inhibitable cytochrome C reduction.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c	Oryctolagus cuniculus	71-83
18206660-9	2008	The results showed that (1) HO-1 is induced in chronic cholestatic liver disease, (2) superoxide anions time- and dose-dependently induce HO-1 activity, (3) HO-1 overexpression inhibits superoxide-anions-induced apoptosis, and (4) CO blocks superoxide-anions-induced JNK phosphorylation and caspase-9, -6, -3 activation and abolishes apoptosis but does not increase necrosis.	Superoxides	86-103	caspase 9	Homo sapiens	291-300
18206660-9	2008	The results showed that (1) HO-1 is induced in chronic cholestatic liver disease, (2) superoxide anions time- and dose-dependently induce HO-1 activity, (3) HO-1 overexpression inhibits superoxide-anions-induced apoptosis, and (4) CO blocks superoxide-anions-induced JNK phosphorylation and caspase-9, -6, -3 activation and abolishes apoptosis but does not increase necrosis.	Superoxides	86-96	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
18206660-9	2008	The results showed that (1) HO-1 is induced in chronic cholestatic liver disease, (2) superoxide anions time- and dose-dependently induce HO-1 activity, (3) HO-1 overexpression inhibits superoxide-anions-induced apoptosis, and (4) CO blocks superoxide-anions-induced JNK phosphorylation and caspase-9, -6, -3 activation and abolishes apoptosis but does not increase necrosis.	Superoxides	86-96	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	138-142
18206660-9	2008	The results showed that (1) HO-1 is induced in chronic cholestatic liver disease, (2) superoxide anions time- and dose-dependently induce HO-1 activity, (3) HO-1 overexpression inhibits superoxide-anions-induced apoptosis, and (4) CO blocks superoxide-anions-induced JNK phosphorylation and caspase-9, -6, -3 activation and abolishes apoptosis but does not increase necrosis.	Superoxides	86-96	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	138-142
18206660-9	2008	The results showed that (1) HO-1 is induced in chronic cholestatic liver disease, (2) superoxide anions time- and dose-dependently induce HO-1 activity, (3) HO-1 overexpression inhibits superoxide-anions-induced apoptosis, and (4) CO blocks superoxide-anions-induced JNK phosphorylation and caspase-9, -6, -3 activation and abolishes apoptosis but does not increase necrosis.	Superoxides	86-96	caspase 9	Homo sapiens	291-300
18206660-9	2008	The results showed that (1) HO-1 is induced in chronic cholestatic liver disease, (2) superoxide anions time- and dose-dependently induce HO-1 activity, (3) HO-1 overexpression inhibits superoxide-anions-induced apoptosis, and (4) CO blocks superoxide-anions-induced JNK phosphorylation and caspase-9, -6, -3 activation and abolishes apoptosis but does not increase necrosis.	Superoxides	186-196	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
18206660-9	2008	The results showed that (1) HO-1 is induced in chronic cholestatic liver disease, (2) superoxide anions time- and dose-dependently induce HO-1 activity, (3) HO-1 overexpression inhibits superoxide-anions-induced apoptosis, and (4) CO blocks superoxide-anions-induced JNK phosphorylation and caspase-9, -6, -3 activation and abolishes apoptosis but does not increase necrosis.	Superoxides	186-196	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	138-142
18206660-9	2008	The results showed that (1) HO-1 is induced in chronic cholestatic liver disease, (2) superoxide anions time- and dose-dependently induce HO-1 activity, (3) HO-1 overexpression inhibits superoxide-anions-induced apoptosis, and (4) CO blocks superoxide-anions-induced JNK phosphorylation and caspase-9, -6, -3 activation and abolishes apoptosis but does not increase necrosis.	Superoxides	186-196	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	138-142
18206660-10	2008	We conclude that HO-1 and CO protect primary hepatocytes against superoxide-anions-induced apoptosis partially via inhibition of JNK activity.	Superoxides	65-75	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	17-21
18548979-12	2008	The percent of PMNLs expressing EPO-R was higher before EPO treatment and correlated positively with the rate of superoxide release.	Superoxides	113-123	erythropoietin receptor	Homo sapiens	32-37
18768397-1	2008	The extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3), a secretory copper-containing enzyme, regulates angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced hypertension by modulating levels of extracellular superoxide anion.	Superoxides	178-194	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	40-44
18514075-2	2008	Proinflammatory stimuli, as bacterial lipopolysaccharide associated with interferon-gamma, caused a rapid/robust burst of superoxide radicals, sensitive to NADPH oxidase inhibition, followed by dismutation to H2O2, the species resulting in DNA damage via a Fenton-type reaction.	Superoxides	122-132	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	73-89
18440651-9	2008	Preincubation with IFN-gamma resulted in enhanced GM-CSF- or IL-5-induced superoxide anion generation and degranulation of human eosinophils, whereas stimulus-induced eosinophil adhesion was unaffected.	Superoxides	74-90	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	50-56
18440651-13	2008	In conclusion, IFN-gamma might upregulate ERK, p38, or JNK/ATF-2 phosphorylation induced by GM-CSF or IL-5, leading to enhanced cytokine-induced eosinophil superoxide generation and degranulation.	Superoxides	156-166	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	92-98
18510959-7	2008	Increased superoxide production was mediated in part by the vascular nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase as indicated by a marked stimulation of p67(phox)/rac1 NADPH oxidase subunit expression and by increased rac1 membrane association.	Superoxides	10-20	methionyl aminopeptidase 2	Rattus norvegicus	171-174
18669246-6	2008	This study revealed that neutrophils under the influence of TNFalpha exacerbated the release of elastase, MPO, ALKP and superoxide.	Superoxides	120-130	tumor necrosis factor	Bos taurus	60-68
18424721-4	2008	Our results show that superoxide levels were significantly increased in a time-dependent manner in blood monocyte-derived macrophages treated with 1 muM As(2)O(3) for 72 h. Concomitantly, As(2)O(3) induced phosphorylation and membrane translocation of the NADPH oxidase subunit p47(phox) and it also increased translocation of Rac1 and p67(phox).	Superoxides	22-32	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	278-281
18282229-3	2008	Exogenous administration of C-C chemokines, particularly monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, led to the induction of superoxide anion generation via the restoration of impaired protein kinase C (PKC) signalling in Man-LAM-treated macrophages.	Superoxides	123-139	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	57-97
10213272-0	1999	Src-family kinase-p53/ Lyn p56 plays an important role in TNF-alpha-stimulated production of O2- by human neutrophils adherent to fibrinogen.	Superoxides	93-95	cyclin dependent kinase like 2	Homo sapiens	27-30
18289732-6	2008	It also suppressed LPS+IFN-gamma-induced NADPH oxidase activation and eventually, the inducible form of superoxide production.	Superoxides	104-114	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	19-32
18289732-7	2008	Transfection with dominant negative vector of p38 alpha reduced LPS+IFN-gamma-induced ONOO(-) generation through blocking both iNOS-derived NO production and NADPH oxidase-derived O2(-) production.	Superoxides	180-182	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	64-77
9925760-3	1999	It was found that superoxide produced by hyperoxic culture conditions (95% O2 atm) or the redox cycling agent paraquat caused a lesion of the import/processing of precursor hMn-SOD in the baculovirus model.	Superoxides	18-28	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	173-180
17945515-3	2008	The aims of this study were to determine if OA cartilage shows evidence of DNA damage, and if IL-1 could induce DNA damage in non-OA cartilage by increasing NO or superoxide.	Superoxides	163-173	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	94-98
18206124-6	2008	The inhibition of ROS response by either AP-5 or L-NAME together with the ROS sensitivity profile of the dye suggest that peroxynitrite, the reaction product of superoxide and nitric oxide, plays a role in the response.	Superoxides	161-171	adaptor related protein complex 5 subunit beta 1	Homo sapiens	41-45
18182393-7	2008	Enhanced JunD/JNK1-dependent liver injury correlated with the acute induction of diphenylene iodonium-sensitive NADPH-dependent superoxide production by the liver following I/R.	Superoxides	128-138	jun D proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	9-13
9950265-0	1999	The role of aminopeptidase N in Met-enkephalin modulated superoxide anion release.	Superoxides	57-73	alanyl aminopeptidase, membrane	Homo sapiens	12-28
18250162-7	2008	Consequently, generation of both superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide following 6-OHDA treatment was decreased in MN9D/PRX1.	Superoxides	33-49	peroxiredoxin 1	Mus musculus	121-125
18287332-0	2008	Role of extracellular superoxide in neutrophil activation: interactions between xanthine oxidase and TLR4 induce proinflammatory cytokine production.	Superoxides	22-32	toll like receptor 4	Homo sapiens	101-105
18287332-4	2008	Extracellular superoxide generation induced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and increased neutrophil production of the NF-kappaB-dependent cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and macrophage inhibitory protein-2 (MIP-2).	Superoxides	14-24	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	220-251
9950265-6	1999	The level of APN activity from different donors correlated with the effect of MENK on superoxide anion release.	Superoxides	86-102	alanyl aminopeptidase, membrane	Homo sapiens	13-16
18287332-4	2008	Extracellular superoxide generation induced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and increased neutrophil production of the NF-kappaB-dependent cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and macrophage inhibitory protein-2 (MIP-2).	Superoxides	14-24	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	253-258
9950265-7	1999	Neutrophils with low APN activity, if preincubated with MENK, released reduced amounts of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	90-106	alanyl aminopeptidase, membrane	Homo sapiens	21-24
9950265-8	1999	In contrast, neutrophils with high APN activity released increased amounts of superoxide anion after preincubation with MENK.	Superoxides	78-94	alanyl aminopeptidase, membrane	Homo sapiens	35-38
9886257-2	1999	MnSOD dismutates the superoxide anion (O2*-) derived from the reduction of molecular oxygen to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which is detoxified by glutathione peroxidase to water and molecular oxygen.	Superoxides	21-37	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
18211809-3	2008	Genetic ablation of Bax/Bak inhibited actinomycin D induced superoxide production and cardiolipin peroxidation.	Superoxides	60-70	BCL2-antagonist/killer 1	Mus musculus	24-27
18160398-6	2008	We further present evidence that the effect of PAK1 on the respiratory burst is mediated through phosphorylation of p47(Phox), and we show that expression of a p47(Phox) (S303D/S304D/S320D) mutant, which mimics phosphorylation by PAK1, induced basal superoxide generation in vivo.	Superoxides	250-260	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	160-163
18178725-9	2008	Since arteries with increased HO-1 had decreased levels of superoxide detected by the chemiluminescence of 5 microM lucigenin, superoxide did not appear to be mediating the attenuation of relaxation to NO.	Superoxides	59-69	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	30-34
18078827-6	2008	CYP2E1 is also an effective generator of reactive oxygen species such as the superoxide anion radical and hydrogen peroxide and, in the presence of iron catalysts, produces powerful oxidants such as the hydroxyl radical.	Superoxides	77-101	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Mus musculus	0-6
10499870-3	1999	We investigated the influence of human BNP 32 and its fragment BNP 7-32 on the production of superoxide anion by PMN, a major cause for myocardial damage.	Superoxides	93-109	natriuretic peptide B	Homo sapiens	39-42
18160052-2	2008	H(2)O(2) induced a transient, dose-dependent increase in superoxide production in K562 cells expressing NOX5.	Superoxides	57-67	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	104-108
18160052-3	2008	Confocal studies demonstrated that the initial calcium influx generated by H(2)O(2) is amplified by a feedback mechanism involving NOX5-dependent superoxide production and H(2)O(2).	Superoxides	146-156	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	131-135
18166194-0	2008	Changes in the ratio between FPR and FPRL1 triggered superoxide production in human neutrophils-a tool in analysing receptor specific events.	Superoxides	53-63	formyl peptide receptor 2	Homo sapiens	37-42
10499870-3	1999	We investigated the influence of human BNP 32 and its fragment BNP 7-32 on the production of superoxide anion by PMN, a major cause for myocardial damage.	Superoxides	93-109	natriuretic peptide B	Homo sapiens	63-66
18166194-1	2008	Neutrophils express the G protein-coupled N-formyl peptide receptor (FPR) as well as its closely related homologue, formyl peptide like receptor 1 (FPRL1), and activation of these receptors induce a release of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	210-227	formyl peptide receptor 2	Homo sapiens	148-153
18037907-8	2008	PKG protein and mRNA were down-regulated by a 24 h incubation with NTG at 10(-5) M but not at 10(-7) M. Acute exposure to exogenous superoxide inhibited PKG activity stimulated by NTG at 10(-7) M but not at 10(-5) M. Superoxide had no effect on PKG activity stimulated with exogenous cGMP.	Superoxides	132-142	protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
18037907-8	2008	PKG protein and mRNA were down-regulated by a 24 h incubation with NTG at 10(-5) M but not at 10(-7) M. Acute exposure to exogenous superoxide inhibited PKG activity stimulated by NTG at 10(-7) M but not at 10(-5) M. Superoxide had no effect on PKG activity stimulated with exogenous cGMP.	Superoxides	132-142	protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1	Homo sapiens	153-156
18037907-8	2008	PKG protein and mRNA were down-regulated by a 24 h incubation with NTG at 10(-5) M but not at 10(-7) M. Acute exposure to exogenous superoxide inhibited PKG activity stimulated by NTG at 10(-7) M but not at 10(-5) M. Superoxide had no effect on PKG activity stimulated with exogenous cGMP.	Superoxides	132-142	protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1	Homo sapiens	153-156
18037907-8	2008	PKG protein and mRNA were down-regulated by a 24 h incubation with NTG at 10(-5) M but not at 10(-7) M. Acute exposure to exogenous superoxide inhibited PKG activity stimulated by NTG at 10(-7) M but not at 10(-5) M. Superoxide had no effect on PKG activity stimulated with exogenous cGMP.	Superoxides	217-227	protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
18037907-8	2008	PKG protein and mRNA were down-regulated by a 24 h incubation with NTG at 10(-5) M but not at 10(-7) M. Acute exposure to exogenous superoxide inhibited PKG activity stimulated by NTG at 10(-7) M but not at 10(-5) M. Superoxide had no effect on PKG activity stimulated with exogenous cGMP.	Superoxides	217-227	protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1	Homo sapiens	153-156
9919565-8	1999	We conclude that the use of ESR spin-trapping techniques, although not free of problems, is a viable technique for the detection and quantification of superoxide in systems containing nNOS.	Superoxides	151-161	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	184-188
18328147-4	2008	When challenged with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), RA neutrophils exhibited reduced responses to these cytokines, which included O2- release, adherence, priming for enhanced O2- release, and phosphorylation of ERK and p38.	Superoxides	226-228	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	21-58
18328147-4	2008	When challenged with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), RA neutrophils exhibited reduced responses to these cytokines, which included O2- release, adherence, priming for enhanced O2- release, and phosphorylation of ERK and p38.	Superoxides	226-228	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	68-94
9722512-5	1998	This was confirmed since the sod1 mutant could be made more resistant by treatment with the superoxide anion scavenger MnCl2, or by freezing in the absence of oxygen, or by the generation of a rho0 petite.	Superoxides	92-108	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	29-33
17883332-6	2007	Selective expression of HO-1 prevented TNF- and hyperglycemia-mediated superoxide (O2-) formation, DNA degeneration, and upregulation of caspase, but increased the expression of pAkt and Bcl-xL, proteins responsible for endothelial dysfunction in diabetes.	Superoxides	71-81	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	24-28
17883332-6	2007	Selective expression of HO-1 prevented TNF- and hyperglycemia-mediated superoxide (O2-) formation, DNA degeneration, and upregulation of caspase, but increased the expression of pAkt and Bcl-xL, proteins responsible for endothelial dysfunction in diabetes.	Superoxides	83-85	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	24-28
17942113-10	2007	Furthermore, CRP-induced O(2)(-) production was reversed by pharmacologic inhibition and siRNAs to p47 phox and p22 phox.	Superoxides	25-32	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	99-102
9779342-4	1998	G-CSF and GM-CSF have been shown to both enhance neonatal neutrophil superoxide production in vitro and to increase circulating neutrophil numbers through expansion of the NSP in the BM in neonatal rats and humans.	Superoxides	69-79	colony stimulating factor 3	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
17397983-3	2007	Its activation depends on the interaction with cytosolic regulatory proteins (p67-phox, p47-phox, p40-phox and Rac) leading to an electron transfer from NADPH to molecular oxygen and to the release of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	201-218	neutrophil cytosolic factor 4	Homo sapiens	98-114
17583407-1	2007	The superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase gp91(phox)/Nox2 and the non-phagocytic oxidases Nox1 and Nox3 each form a complex in the membrane with p22(phox), which provides both stabilization and a docking site for organizer proteins.	Superoxides	4-14	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	54-58
17583407-1	2007	The superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase gp91(phox)/Nox2 and the non-phagocytic oxidases Nox1 and Nox3 each form a complex in the membrane with p22(phox), which provides both stabilization and a docking site for organizer proteins.	Superoxides	4-14	NADPH oxidase 3	Homo sapiens	106-110
17583407-1	2007	The superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase gp91(phox)/Nox2 and the non-phagocytic oxidases Nox1 and Nox3 each form a complex in the membrane with p22(phox), which provides both stabilization and a docking site for organizer proteins.	Superoxides	4-14	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	152-155
17583407-1	2007	The superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase gp91(phox)/Nox2 and the non-phagocytic oxidases Nox1 and Nox3 each form a complex in the membrane with p22(phox), which provides both stabilization and a docking site for organizer proteins.	Superoxides	4-14	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	156-160
17583407-4	2007	Although Nox3 complexed with p22(phox) constitutively produce superoxide, the production can be enhanced by supportive proteins.	Superoxides	62-72	NADPH oxidase 3	Homo sapiens	9-13
17443690-6	2007	When eNOS protein expression in endothelial cells was significantly decreased by eNOS siRNA treatment, superoxide generation was significantly higher in the MMECs grown in low glucose, but reduced in those grown in high glucose for 72 h. Thus, exposure of MMECs to high glucose results in increased oxidative stress that is associated with increased eNOS and NADPH oxidase subunit expression, notably p22phox, and decreased expression of SOD1 and 3.	Superoxides	103-113	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	5-9
17443690-6	2007	When eNOS protein expression in endothelial cells was significantly decreased by eNOS siRNA treatment, superoxide generation was significantly higher in the MMECs grown in low glucose, but reduced in those grown in high glucose for 72 h. Thus, exposure of MMECs to high glucose results in increased oxidative stress that is associated with increased eNOS and NADPH oxidase subunit expression, notably p22phox, and decreased expression of SOD1 and 3.	Superoxides	103-113	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	81-85
17443690-6	2007	When eNOS protein expression in endothelial cells was significantly decreased by eNOS siRNA treatment, superoxide generation was significantly higher in the MMECs grown in low glucose, but reduced in those grown in high glucose for 72 h. Thus, exposure of MMECs to high glucose results in increased oxidative stress that is associated with increased eNOS and NADPH oxidase subunit expression, notably p22phox, and decreased expression of SOD1 and 3.	Superoxides	103-113	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	81-85
9741582-10	1998	Increased steady state [O2.-] in the presence of .NO yields ONOO , and ONOO has direct, stimulatory effects on MnSOD transcript expression.	Superoxides	24-26	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	111-116
17631528-7	2007	Overexpression of BAP1 or BAP2 with their partner BON1 inhibits PCD induced by pathogens, the proapoptotic gene BAX, and superoxide-generating paraquat in Arabidopsis or Nicotiana benthamiana.	Superoxides	121-131	Calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding Copine family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	50-54
9738658-6	1998	We report that a new family of elastase inhibitors ICI200355 and ZD0892 was found to be resistant toward superoxide, hypochlorous acid, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical, and peroxynitrite mediated degradation as well as having no effect on the formation of these oxidants by activated neutrophils.	Superoxides	105-115	elastase, neutrophil expressed	Homo sapiens	31-39
9756092-11	1998	Thus, Ang II acting on AT1 receptors stimulates superoxide generation, which, in turn, induces expression of P-selectin on the endothelial cell surface.	Superoxides	48-58	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	23-26
17601801-3	2007	The extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD) is one of the major antioxidant enzymes against O2- in blood vessels; however, its role in neovascularization induced by tissue ischemia is unknown.	Superoxides	95-97	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	4-38
17601801-3	2007	The extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD) is one of the major antioxidant enzymes against O2- in blood vessels; however, its role in neovascularization induced by tissue ischemia is unknown.	Superoxides	95-97	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	40-45
17601801-6	2007	Impaired neovascularization in ecSOD(-/-) mice is associated with enhanced O2- production, TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells and decreased levels of NO2-/NO3- and cGMP in ischemic tissues as compared with wild-type mice, and it is rescued by infusion of the SOD mimetic tempol.	Superoxides	75-77	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	31-36
17601801-11	2007	Thus, ecSOD in BM and ischemic tissues induced by hindlimb ischemia may represent an important compensatory mechanism that blunts the overproduction of O2-, which may contribute to reparative neovascularization in response to ischemic injury.	Superoxides	152-154	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	6-11
9712826-0	1998	Nerve growth factor treatment prevents the increase in superoxide produced by epidermal growth factor in PC12 cells.	Superoxides	55-65	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	0-19
17627182-2	2007	NAD(P)H oxidases are the main source of superoxides in the vasculature, and the phagocyte oxidase (p22phox) encoded by the CYBA gene is a critical component of NAD(P)H oxidases.	Superoxides	40-51	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	99-106
17627182-2	2007	NAD(P)H oxidases are the main source of superoxides in the vasculature, and the phagocyte oxidase (p22phox) encoded by the CYBA gene is a critical component of NAD(P)H oxidases.	Superoxides	40-51	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	123-127
17627182-3	2007	The 242T CYBA allele is associated with an increased low-density lipoprotein oxidation and superoxide production.	Superoxides	91-101	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	9-13
9712826-0	1998	Nerve growth factor treatment prevents the increase in superoxide produced by epidermal growth factor in PC12 cells.	Superoxides	55-65	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	78-101
9712826-6	1998	Among several inhibitors of superoxide-generating enzymes, only the lipoxygenase inhibitor, nordihydroguaiaretic acid reduced EGF-mediated ROS accumulation.	Superoxides	28-38	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	126-129
9700139-2	1998	In this study we investigated the immunoreactivity of two important superoxide radical scavenging intracellular antioxidant enzymes, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and copperzinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), in pulmonary sarcoidosis and extrinsic allergic alveolitis.	Superoxides	68-86	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	133-163
17553943-0	2007	Superoxide (*O2- ) production in CA1 neurons of rat hippocampal slices exposed to graded levels of oxygen.	Superoxides	0-10	carbonic anhydrase 1	Rattus norvegicus	33-36
17548354-1	2007	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase is converted to an active state by the assembly of a membrane-localized cytochrome b(559) with three cytosolic components: p47(phox), p67(phox), and GTPase Rac1 or Rac2.	Superoxides	4-14	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	163-166
17548354-1	2007	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase is converted to an active state by the assembly of a membrane-localized cytochrome b(559) with three cytosolic components: p47(phox), p67(phox), and GTPase Rac1 or Rac2.	Superoxides	4-14	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	167-171
17548354-1	2007	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase is converted to an active state by the assembly of a membrane-localized cytochrome b(559) with three cytosolic components: p47(phox), p67(phox), and GTPase Rac1 or Rac2.	Superoxides	4-14	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	178-182
9700139-2	1998	In this study we investigated the immunoreactivity of two important superoxide radical scavenging intracellular antioxidant enzymes, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and copperzinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), in pulmonary sarcoidosis and extrinsic allergic alveolitis.	Superoxides	68-86	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	165-170
9728339-1	1998	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is the mitochondrial enzyme that disposes of superoxide generated by respiratory chain activity.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
17592079-10	2007	Small-interfering RNA silencing of NAD(P)H oxidase subunit p47(phox) reduced superoxide production and restored NO bioavailability and in vivo reendothelialization capacity of EPCs from diabetic patients.	Superoxides	77-87	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	59-62
17332440-6	2007	Peptidoglycan (PGN) (TLR2 ligand), flagellin (TLR5 ligand), and Imiquimod R837 (TLR7 ligand) could significantly upregulate cell surface expression of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and CD18, and induce the release of IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, growth-related oncogene (GRO)-alpha, and superoxides of eosinophils.	Superoxides	291-302	toll like receptor 5	Homo sapiens	46-50
17463333-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: When the availability of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is deficient, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) produces superoxide rather than NO (uncoupled eNOS).	Superoxides	126-136	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	76-109
9728339-2	1998	Of all electrons passing down the mitochondrial respiratory chain, 1-2% are diverted to form superoxide; thus production of hydrogen peroxide occurs at a constant rate due to MnSOD activity.	Superoxides	93-103	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	175-180
17463333-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: When the availability of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is deficient, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) produces superoxide rather than NO (uncoupled eNOS).	Superoxides	126-136	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	111-115
17463333-2	2007	We have shown that the atherosclerotic lesion size was augmented in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-KO) mice overexpressing eNOS because of the enhanced superoxide production.	Superoxides	154-164	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	125-129
9630350-2	1998	A number of superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetics were examined both biochemically for their ability to inhibit the superoxide-catalyzed reduction of cytochrome c and nitro blue tetrazolium, and functionally for their ability to mimic authentic Cu/Zn SOD in restoring nitrergic neurotransmission in bovine retractor penis (BRP) muscle following its inhibition by oxidant stress.	Superoxides	12-22	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	148-160
17122189-3	2007	The cardiac protein expression of p67(phox) and p22(phox) was increased in diabetic rats, accompanied by increased NADPH-dependent superoxide production.	Superoxides	131-141	methionyl aminopeptidase 2	Rattus norvegicus	34-37
17135294-9	2007	pGSN also markedly inhibited PAF-induced superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) production of human peripheral neutrophils (PMN) in a concentration-dependent manner (P &lt; 0.0001).	Superoxides	41-57	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	29-32
17135294-9	2007	pGSN also markedly inhibited PAF-induced superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) production of human peripheral neutrophils (PMN) in a concentration-dependent manner (P &lt; 0.0001).	Superoxides	59-64	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	29-32
17135294-10	2007	A phospholipid-binding peptide derived from pGSN (QRLFQVKGRR) also inhibited PAF-mediated O(2)(-) generation (P = 0.024).	Superoxides	90-94	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	77-80
17192422-5	2007	The stimulation of OKL38 by OxPAPC depends on superoxide production, because the NADPH oxidase (Nox) inhibitor apocynin and the superoxide scavenger N-acetyl cysteine block this stimulation.	Superoxides	46-56	oxidative stress induced growth inhibitor 1	Homo sapiens	19-24
17192422-5	2007	The stimulation of OKL38 by OxPAPC depends on superoxide production, because the NADPH oxidase (Nox) inhibitor apocynin and the superoxide scavenger N-acetyl cysteine block this stimulation.	Superoxides	128-138	oxidative stress induced growth inhibitor 1	Homo sapiens	19-24
17275921-3	2007	Superoxide burst in PMN isolated from rats d7 after CCI was elevated by 170% +/-18 compared to naive and MCP-1 mRNA expression in DRG increased by 8.9+/-2.9 fold, but that of MIP-2, CINC-1, and RANTES did not change.	Superoxides	0-10	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1	Rattus norvegicus	182-188
17275678-6	2007	An increase in superoxide production was observed also on the addition of the NADPH cytochrome P450 reductase.	Superoxides	15-25	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Mus musculus	78-109
17275678-8	2007	Taken together, gp91phox-containing NAD(P)H oxidase and NADPH cytochrome P450 reductase can enhance superoxide production caused by the chemical interaction of doxorubicin and NADPH.	Superoxides	100-110	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Mus musculus	56-87
17012144-3	2007	In the absence of sufficient levels of the cofactor BH4, NO becomes uncoupled from arginine oxidation and eNOS produces superoxide rather than NO.	Superoxides	120-130	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	106-110
17012144-7	2007	Despite the previously characterized differences in eNOS-dependent superoxide production between these animals, we find that blood pressure is equally reduced in both genotypes, compared with wild-type animals.	Superoxides	67-77	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	52-56
17116747-4	2007	The released actMMP-3, as well as catalytically active recombinant MMP-3 (cMMP-3) led to microglial activation and superoxide generation in microglia and enhanced DA cell death.	Superoxides	115-125	matrix metallopeptidase 3	Mus musculus	16-21
16982071-9	2007	Our findings suggest that T1D impairs NOS-dependent reactivity of cerebral arterioles by a mechanism that appears to be related to the formation of superoxide via activation of PARP.	Superoxides	148-158	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Rattus norvegicus	177-181
16971022-7	2007	Through immunocytochemistry analysis and assay of proinflammatory factors, we observed that each of the four PDIgGs (60microg/ml) and C5a (0.1nM) synergistically induced microglia activation and production of superoxide and nitric oxide (NO) in neuron-glia cultures.	Superoxides	209-219	complement C5	Rattus norvegicus	134-137
17114277-7	2007	Temporal expression patterns demonstrated that the superoxide production (NADPH oxidase activity) was coordinated with nectar secretion, the expression of Nectarin I (a superoxide dismutase in nectar), and the expression of NOX1, a putative gene for a nectary NADPH oxidase that was cloned from nectaries and identified as an rbohD-like NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	51-61	nectarin-1-like	Nicotiana tabacum	155-165
17507875-0	2007	Iron-mediated dismutation of superoxide anion augments antigen-induced allergic inflammation: effect of lactoferrin.	Superoxides	29-45	lactotransferrin	Mus musculus	104-115
17507875-9	2007	CONCLUSION: These data suggest that the reduced conversion of NAD(P)H oxidase-generated O(2)- into H(2)- O(2)- and/or OH, which in turn synergistically enhanced pollen antigen-induced airway inflammation, is due to the iron-binding capacity of LF.	Superoxides	88-92	lactotransferrin	Mus musculus	244-246
18165226-7	2008	We hypothesize that EC-SOD may inhibit pulmonary inflammation in part by preventing superoxide-mediated fragmentation of hyaluronan to low molecular mass fragments.	Superoxides	84-94	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	20-26
18301379-3	2008	Recent data have indicated that superoxide generation is dependent on the activation of NADPH oxidases, which form a complex with the adaptor molecules RIP1 and TRADD.	Superoxides	32-42	receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	152-156
18301379-4	2008	The mechanism of superoxide generation further establishes RIP1 as the central molecule in ROS production and cell death initiated by TNFalpha and other death receptors.	Superoxides	17-27	receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	59-63
17928360-4	2008	Using an anti-EMR2 antibody, ligation of EMR2 increases neutrophil adhesion and migration, and augments superoxide production and proteolytic enzyme degranulation.	Superoxides	104-114	adhesion G protein-coupled receptor E2	Homo sapiens	14-18
17928360-4	2008	Using an anti-EMR2 antibody, ligation of EMR2 increases neutrophil adhesion and migration, and augments superoxide production and proteolytic enzyme degranulation.	Superoxides	104-114	adhesion G protein-coupled receptor E2	Homo sapiens	41-45
18292807-2	2008	Heterodimers of p22(phox) and gp91(phox) proteins constitute the superoxide-producing cytochrome core of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	65-75	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	30-34
18199822-2	2008	In particular, superoxide is necessary for induction of LTP, and application of superoxide to hippocampal slices is sufficient to induce LTP in area CA1.	Superoxides	80-90	carbonic anhydrase 1	Mus musculus	149-152
18199822-7	2008	We identified a functional coupling between L-type voltage-gated calcium channels and RyRs and identified RyR3, a subtype enriched in area CA1, as the specific isoform required for superoxide-induced potentiation.	Superoxides	181-191	carbonic anhydrase 1	Mus musculus	139-142
18199822-8	2008	Superoxide also enhanced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in area CA1, and ERK was necessary for superoxide-induced potentiation.	Superoxides	0-10	carbonic anhydrase 1	Mus musculus	100-103
18268143-11	2008	CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that endothelium-specific GTPCH I overexpression abrogates O2(-) production and preserves eNOS phosphorylation, which results in preserved structural and functional integrity of resistance mesenteric arteries and lowered blood pressure in low-renin hypertension.	Superoxides	98-103	GTP cyclohydrolase 1	Mus musculus	65-72
18037907-8	2008	PKG protein and mRNA were down-regulated by a 24 h incubation with NTG at 10(-5) M but not at 10(-7) M. Acute exposure to exogenous superoxide inhibited PKG activity stimulated by NTG at 10(-7) M but not at 10(-5) M. Superoxide had no effect on PKG activity stimulated with exogenous cGMP.	Superoxides	217-227	protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1	Homo sapiens	153-156
17975114-2	2008	In search of upstream mediators of toxicity, we hypothesized that troglitazone-induced increased mitochondrial generation of superoxide might activate the thioredoxin-2 (Trx2)/apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (Ask1) signaling pathway, leading to cell death, and that, hence, the mitochondrially targeted radical scavenger, mito-carboxy proxyl (CP), would prevent the increase in superoxide net levels and inhibit mitochondrial signaling and cell injury.	Superoxides	125-135	thioredoxin 2	Homo sapiens	155-168
17975114-2	2008	In search of upstream mediators of toxicity, we hypothesized that troglitazone-induced increased mitochondrial generation of superoxide might activate the thioredoxin-2 (Trx2)/apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (Ask1) signaling pathway, leading to cell death, and that, hence, the mitochondrially targeted radical scavenger, mito-carboxy proxyl (CP), would prevent the increase in superoxide net levels and inhibit mitochondrial signaling and cell injury.	Superoxides	125-135	thioredoxin 2	Homo sapiens	170-174
17975114-2	2008	In search of upstream mediators of toxicity, we hypothesized that troglitazone-induced increased mitochondrial generation of superoxide might activate the thioredoxin-2 (Trx2)/apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (Ask1) signaling pathway, leading to cell death, and that, hence, the mitochondrially targeted radical scavenger, mito-carboxy proxyl (CP), would prevent the increase in superoxide net levels and inhibit mitochondrial signaling and cell injury.	Superoxides	125-135	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Homo sapiens	214-218
17456148-0	2007	Antibacterial activity of bovine lactoferrin hydrolysate against mastitis pathogens and its effect on superoxide production of bovine neutrophils.	Superoxides	102-112	lactotransferrin	Bos taurus	33-44
17082643-5	2006	Bone marrow-derived Akita PMN showed partial translocation of p47phox to the cell membrane without external stimulation, suggesting premature assembly of the superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase in hyperglycemia.	Superoxides	158-168	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	62-69
16935310-2	2006	Reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide radical along with nitric oxide and peroxynitrite generated during ischemia-reperfusion injury, causes the overactivation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) leading to neuronal cell death.	Superoxides	61-79	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Rattus norvegicus	197-225
9500517-10	1998	Enzymatically active as well as PMSF-blocked conventionally purified proteinase 3 interfered with phorbol myristate acetate-induced superoxide release.	Superoxides	132-142	proteinase 3	Homo sapiens	69-81
16804693-1	2006	Superoxide dismutase (SODs) are metalloenzymes that catalyze the dismutation of the superoxide anion to molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide and, thus, form a crucial part of the cellular antioxidant defense mechanism.	Superoxides	84-100	superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Bombyx mori	0-20
16804693-1	2006	Superoxide dismutase (SODs) are metalloenzymes that catalyze the dismutation of the superoxide anion to molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide and, thus, form a crucial part of the cellular antioxidant defense mechanism.	Superoxides	84-100	superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Bombyx mori	22-26
16762923-1	2006	Activation of the non-phagocytic superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase Nox1, complexed with p22(phox) at the membrane, requires its regulatory soluble proteins Noxo1 and Noxa1.	Superoxides	33-43	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	89-92
16762923-1	2006	Activation of the non-phagocytic superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase Nox1, complexed with p22(phox) at the membrane, requires its regulatory soluble proteins Noxo1 and Noxa1.	Superoxides	33-43	NADPH oxidase organizer 1	Homo sapiens	157-162
16762923-4	2006	Electropermeabilized HeLa cells, ectopically expressing Nox1, Noxo1, and Noxa1, produce superoxide in a GTP-dependent manner, which is abrogated by expression of a mutant Noxa1(R103E), defective in Rac binding.	Superoxides	88-98	NADPH oxidase organizer 1	Homo sapiens	62-67
16911517-1	2006	Activation of the superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase Nox1 requires both the organizer protein Noxo1 and the activator protein Noxa1.	Superoxides	18-28	NADPH oxidase organizer 1	Homo sapiens	94-99
9495817-5	1998	We confirmed that superoxide anion radical (O2-) generated from hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase reaction decreases calmodulin content and increases 45Ca2+ efflux from the heavy fraction of canine cardiac SR vesicles; hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase also decreases Ca2+ free within the intravesicular space of the SR with no effect on Ca2+-ATPase activity.	Superoxides	18-42	calmodulin-2	Canis lupus familiaris	113-123
16911517-3	2006	The Noxo1gamma protein contains an additional five amino acids in the N-terminal PX domain, a phosphoinositide-binding module; the domain plays an essential role in supporting superoxide production by NADPH oxidase (Nox) family oxidases including Nox1, gp91(phox)/Nox2, and Nox3, as shown in this study.	Superoxides	176-186	NADPH oxidase 3	Homo sapiens	274-278
16911517-7	2006	The effect of the five-amino-acid insertion in the Noxo1 PX domain appears to depend on the type of Nox; in activation of gp91(phox)/Nox2, Noxo1gamma is less active than Noxo1beta even in the presence of PMA, whereas Noxo1gamma and Noxo1beta support the superoxide-producing activity of Nox3 to the same extent in a manner independent of cell stimulation.	Superoxides	254-264	NADPH oxidase organizer 1	Homo sapiens	51-56
9532611-0	1998	TRK-530 inhibits accumulation of superoxide anions derived from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes and bone resorption induced by activated osteoclasts.	Superoxides	33-50	neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
16899095-8	2006	CONCLUSIONS: C242T p22phox NADPH oxidase and FcgammaR polymorphisms may predispose to AgP through a modulation of neutrophil superoxide production.	Superoxides	125-135	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	19-26
9532611-1	1998	TRK-530, a newly synthesized bisphosphonate, was assessed for its effects on the accumulation of superoxide anions derived from human formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine-stimulated polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), and for its effects on bone resorption using a pit formation assay.	Superoxides	97-114	neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
16698001-12	2006	Transfection with RhoGDIalpha siRNA constructs potently reduced RhoGDIalpha protein expression, decreased AngII-induced superoxide production and lipid peroxidation, and inhibited AngII-induced leucine incorporation.	Superoxides	120-130	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Rattus norvegicus	18-29
16343554-6	2006	T2DR serum enhanced E-selectin expression in a ROS-dependent manner since this process was significantly attenuated not only by tiron (1 mM), a superoxide scavenger, but also by DPI (10 micromol/L) and apocynin (100 micromol/L), inhibitors of NAD(P)H oxidase.	Superoxides	144-154	selectin E	Homo sapiens	20-30
9532611-2	1998	TRK-530 concentration-dependently inhibited superoxide accumulation derived from PMN and osteoclast pit formation stimulated by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3.	Superoxides	44-54	neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
9409558-1	1997	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a mitochondrial enzyme that dismutates potentially toxic superoxide radical into hydrogen peroxide and dioxygen.	Superoxides	99-117	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
16631534-4	2006	The eNOS-mediated enhancement of blood cell adhesion is reversible by pretreatment with sepiapterin (which generates the eNOS cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin) or polyethyleneglycol-superoxide dismutase, implicating a role for eNOS-dependent superoxide production.	Superoxides	178-188	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	4-8
16568184-3	2006	X-Ray structural (9-), DFT and EPR spectroscopic studies are consistent with the unpaired electron of 9- and 10- localised primarily on the Rh(II) centre of the [RhPd]4+ core, which is susceptible to oxygen coordination at low temperature to give Rh(III)-bound superoxide.	Superoxides	261-271	Rh blood group D antigen	Homo sapiens	140-146
9409558-1	1997	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a mitochondrial enzyme that dismutates potentially toxic superoxide radical into hydrogen peroxide and dioxygen.	Superoxides	99-117	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
9365277-2	1997	Oxidase specific proteins in the cytosol, p47phox and p67phox, as well as the small GTP binding protein p21rac are important for activation of superoxide production.	Superoxides	143-153	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	54-61
16611809-8	2006	At the molecular level, aged EC-SOD transgenic mice had lower superoxide levels, a decrease in protein carbonyl levels, and a decrease in p38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 phosphorylation compared with aged wild-type mice.	Superoxides	62-72	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	29-35
16611809-9	2006	Our findings suggest that elevated levels of superoxide contribute to aging-related impairments in hippocampal LTP and memory, and that these impairments can be alleviated by overexpression of EC-SOD.	Superoxides	45-55	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	193-199
9223372-4	1997	This expression system was used to study the effects of paraquat and menadione, two intracellular superoxide generators, on processing of precursor hMn-SOD by insect mitochondria.	Superoxides	98-108	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	148-155
16579765-3	2006	PROCEDURES: Induced superoxide production by reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides (NAD[P]H; ie, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide [NADH] and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate [NADPH]) was measured by use of a nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction assay on whole spermatozoa and a cytochrome c reduction assay on isolated membrane fractions of spermatozoa.	Superoxides	20-30	cytochrome c, somatic	Equus caballus	312-324
23604305-3	1997	XDH acts on these same substrates but utilizes NAD as a cofactor to produce NADH instead of  O2 (-) and uric acid.	Superoxides	93-99	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	0-3
16496123-10	2006	Both the reduction in plasma nitrate and nitrite and the elevation in aortic superoxide associated with STZ diabetes were normalised with VEGF treatment.	Superoxides	77-87	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Rattus norvegicus	138-142
9182988-0	1997	NADH oxidase activity of human xanthine oxidoreductase--generation of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	70-86	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	31-54
16510762-0	2006	Therapeutic approach for diabetic nephropathy using gene delivery of translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 44 by reducing mitochondrial superoxide production.	Superoxides	142-152	translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 44	Homo sapiens	69-115
9065490-8	1997	The tyrosine kinases Lyn, Syk, and FAK were activated on exposure of microglia and THP1 monocytes to Abeta, resulting in the tyrosine kinase-dependent generation of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	165-175	protein tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	35-38
8995740-10	1997	These data indicate that stimulation of JG cells with oxidized LDL and Lp(a) induces formation of O2-, which may stimulate renin release in an autocrine fashion.	Superoxides	98-100	lipoprotein(a)	Homo sapiens	71-76
16524951-0	2006	Heme oxygenase-2 deficiency contributes to diabetes-mediated increase in superoxide anion and renal dysfunction.	Superoxides	73-89	heme oxygenase 2	Mus musculus	0-16
9096262-3	1997	We showed that EP-receptor agonists (PGE1) EP2/EP3 agonist (misoprostol), EP2-receptor agonist (butaprost) and DP-receptor agonist (PGD2) inhibited fMLP-stimulated superoxide production from human blood neutrophils in a concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	164-174	prostaglandin E receptor 2	Homo sapiens	74-77
16528409-4	2006	In 2 nondiabetic rodent models--insulin-resistant, obese Zucker (fa/fa) rats and high-fat diet-induced insulin-resistant mice--inactivation of prostacyclin synthase and eNOS was prevented by inhibition of FFA release from adipose tissue; by inhibition of the rate-limiting enzyme for fatty acid oxidation in mitochondria, carnitine palmitoyltransferase I; and by reduction of superoxide levels.	Superoxides	376-386	prostaglandin I2 (prostacyclin) synthase	Mus musculus	143-164
9096262-6	1997	The inhibitory effect of EP2 agonist (butaprost) on the fMLP-stimulated superoxide generation in human blood neutrophils was significantly higher than that of EP3 agonist (ONO-AP-324).	Superoxides	72-82	prostaglandin E receptor 2	Homo sapiens	25-28
16528409-4	2006	In 2 nondiabetic rodent models--insulin-resistant, obese Zucker (fa/fa) rats and high-fat diet-induced insulin-resistant mice--inactivation of prostacyclin synthase and eNOS was prevented by inhibition of FFA release from adipose tissue; by inhibition of the rate-limiting enzyme for fatty acid oxidation in mitochondria, carnitine palmitoyltransferase I; and by reduction of superoxide levels.	Superoxides	376-386	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	169-173
9096262-9	1997	These results indicated that EP2 and DP receptors are the primary receptors mediating the prostanoids inhibition of fMLP-stimulated superoxide generation from neutrophils.	Superoxides	132-142	prostaglandin E receptor 2	Homo sapiens	29-32
8914935-1	1996	The enzyme system xanthine dehydrogenase (XD):xanthine oxidase, which generates the superoxide anion as a by-product of action on endogenous substrates, is believed to play a role in mediating pathophysiological changes through its contribution to total superoxide production.	Superoxides	84-100	xanthine dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	18-40
16452238-6	2006	Bz-423 inhibits F(1)F(o)-ATPase activity, blocking respiratory chain function and generating superoxide, which at growth-inhibiting concentrations triggers proteasomal degradation of c-myc.	Superoxides	93-103	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	183-188
16446495-14	2006	A possible role of GM-CSF in inducing O2*- production and in restoring the defensive role of neutrophils in CD patients is suggested.	Superoxides	38-41	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	19-25
16339961-5	2006	Increases in superoxide anions induced by low dietary K intake are responsible for the stimulation of PTK expression and tyrosine phosphorylation of ROMK channels.	Superoxides	13-30	potassium inwardly-rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 1	Mus musculus	149-153
8914935-1	1996	The enzyme system xanthine dehydrogenase (XD):xanthine oxidase, which generates the superoxide anion as a by-product of action on endogenous substrates, is believed to play a role in mediating pathophysiological changes through its contribution to total superoxide production.	Superoxides	84-100	xanthine dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	42-44
16344367-1	2006	Endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) produces superoxide when depleted of (6R)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-L-biopterin (BH4) and L-arginine by uncoupling the electron flow from NO production.	Superoxides	40-50	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	25-29
8914935-1	1996	The enzyme system xanthine dehydrogenase (XD):xanthine oxidase, which generates the superoxide anion as a by-product of action on endogenous substrates, is believed to play a role in mediating pathophysiological changes through its contribution to total superoxide production.	Superoxides	84-94	xanthine dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	18-40
16344367-12	2006	Nevertheless, eNOS-dependent ROS production was not completely abolished by the addition of BH4, suggesting intrinsic superoxide production by eNOS.	Superoxides	118-128	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	14-18
16344367-12	2006	Nevertheless, eNOS-dependent ROS production was not completely abolished by the addition of BH4, suggesting intrinsic superoxide production by eNOS.	Superoxides	118-128	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	143-147
8914935-1	1996	The enzyme system xanthine dehydrogenase (XD):xanthine oxidase, which generates the superoxide anion as a by-product of action on endogenous substrates, is believed to play a role in mediating pathophysiological changes through its contribution to total superoxide production.	Superoxides	84-94	xanthine dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	42-44
16344367-13	2006	This study indicates that potentially beneficial sustained increases in eNOS expression and activity could lead to eNOS uncoupling and superoxide production as a consequence.	Superoxides	135-145	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	72-76
8903395-11	1996	The finding of this low percentage of xanthine oxidase further stresses that the main function of xanthine oxidoreductase in the liver is not the production of superoxide anion radicals and/or hydrogen peroxide but rather the metabolism of xanthine to uric acid, which can act as a potent antioxidant.	Superoxides	160-185	xanthine dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	98-121
17065038-10	2006	Inhibition of Hsp90 by GA resulted in an increase in superoxide generation and a decrease in eNOs protein expression.	Superoxides	53-63	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	14-19
8930166-2	1996	The following agents inhibited phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-stimulated O2- generation significantly in the all-trans retinoic acid-treated HL-60 cells (expressed as percentage of control, P &lt; .05): 1) PKC inhibitors: staurosporine (100 nM, 3 +/- 1%); Ro 31-8220 (1 microM, 3 +/- 2%); sphingosine (100 microM, 15 +/- 7%); 2) PSP 1 and 2a inhibitors, okadaic acid (10 microM, 35 +/- 1%); calyculin A (10 microM, 73 +/- 1%); 3) MAPK inhibitor: SB-203580 (100 microM, 62 +/- 1%); 4) PTP inhibitors: phenylarsine oxide (1 microM, 12 +/- 9%); diamide (1 mM, 21 +/- 11%); and 5) secretory phospholipase A2 inhibitors: manoalide (1 microM, 24 +/- 10%); scalaradial (1 microM, 11 +/- 4%).	Superoxides	74-76	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type U	Homo sapiens	485-488
8957234-7	1996	We concluded that CGRP receptor stimulation reduces substance-P-induced O2- production by the inhibition of IP3-induced transient increase in [Ca2+]i, probably via the phosphorylation of IP3 receptor by cAMP-dependent protein kinase.	Superoxides	72-74	inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3	Homo sapiens	187-199
16429256-4	2006	Superoxide generation was measured by the reduction of cytochrome C in a colorimetric assay.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome c, somatic	Equus caballus	55-67
16472678-5	2006	For example, an oxidase activator (p47phox or Noxo1) and an oxidase activator (p67phox or Noxa1) are absolutely required for superoxide production by gp91phox and Nox1, but not by Nox3.	Superoxides	125-135	NADPH oxidase organizer 1	Homo sapiens	46-51
8757214-11	1996	Finally, IL-5, IL-3, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and tumor necrosis factor- alpha, but not RANTES, also induced superoxide production from eosinophils.	Superoxides	134-144	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	9-13
16472678-5	2006	For example, an oxidase activator (p47phox or Noxo1) and an oxidase activator (p67phox or Noxa1) are absolutely required for superoxide production by gp91phox and Nox1, but not by Nox3.	Superoxides	125-135	NADPH oxidase 3	Homo sapiens	180-184
16150735-3	2005	While NADH dehydrogenase (NDH) is a critical site of this O(2)(.)	Superoxides	58-62	GLIS family zinc finger 3	Homo sapiens	26-29
8663465-1	1996	The depletion of superoxide catalyzed by human manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) was observed spectrophotometrically by measuring the absorbance of superoxide at 250-280 nm following pulse radiolysis and by stopped-flow spectrophotometry.	Superoxides	17-27	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	47-77
16150735-10	2005	Addition of FMN increased O(2)(.)	Superoxides	26-30	formin 1	Homo sapiens	12-15
16150735-15	2005	However, FMN addition could not reverse the inhibition of NDH by either DPI or heat denaturation, demonstrating involvement of both FMN and its FMN-binding protein moiety in the catalysis of O(2)(.)	Superoxides	191-195	formin 1	Homo sapiens	9-12
16150735-15	2005	However, FMN addition could not reverse the inhibition of NDH by either DPI or heat denaturation, demonstrating involvement of both FMN and its FMN-binding protein moiety in the catalysis of O(2)(.)	Superoxides	191-195	formin 1	Homo sapiens	132-135
16150735-15	2005	However, FMN addition could not reverse the inhibition of NDH by either DPI or heat denaturation, demonstrating involvement of both FMN and its FMN-binding protein moiety in the catalysis of O(2)(.)	Superoxides	191-195	formin 1	Homo sapiens	132-135
8663465-1	1996	The depletion of superoxide catalyzed by human manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) was observed spectrophotometrically by measuring the absorbance of superoxide at 250-280 nm following pulse radiolysis and by stopped-flow spectrophotometry.	Superoxides	17-27	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	79-84
8663465-1	1996	The depletion of superoxide catalyzed by human manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) was observed spectrophotometrically by measuring the absorbance of superoxide at 250-280 nm following pulse radiolysis and by stopped-flow spectrophotometry.	Superoxides	57-67	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	79-84
8663333-2	1996	During activation, cytosolic proteins p47(phox), p67(phox), Rac2, and possibly p40(phox) translocate to the plasma membrane and associate with flavocytochrome b to form the active superoxide-generating system.	Superoxides	180-190	interleukin 9	Homo sapiens	79-82
16195479-9	2005	The modulation of superoxide release coincided with decreased expression of ecSOD and MnSOD and upregulation of the p22phox and p67phox subunits of the NADPH oxidase complex in progesterone-treated animals.	Superoxides	18-28	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	76-81
8764104-1	1996	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a superoxide anion scavenger located in mitochondria.	Superoxides	44-60	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
16115878-1	2005	The superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase consists of a membrane-bound flavocytochrome b(558), the cytosol factors p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac2, which translocate to the membrane to assemble the active complex following neutrophil activation.	Superoxides	4-14	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	122-125
16179591-2	2005	Some data suggest that an important mechanism underlying endothelial dysfunction is endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) uncoupling, whereby eNOS generates O2*- rather than NO, possibly because of a mismatch between eNOS protein and its cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4).	Superoxides	150-154	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	109-113
16179591-2	2005	Some data suggest that an important mechanism underlying endothelial dysfunction is endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) uncoupling, whereby eNOS generates O2*- rather than NO, possibly because of a mismatch between eNOS protein and its cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4).	Superoxides	150-154	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	135-139
16179591-2	2005	Some data suggest that an important mechanism underlying endothelial dysfunction is endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) uncoupling, whereby eNOS generates O2*- rather than NO, possibly because of a mismatch between eNOS protein and its cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4).	Superoxides	150-154	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	135-139
16210646-5	2005	The results showed that the deletion of betaarr2 resulted in increased Ca(2+) mobilization, superoxide anion production, and GTPase activity in neutrophils, but decreased receptor internalization relative to wild-type mice.	Superoxides	92-108	arrestin, beta 2	Mus musculus	40-48
16151022-5	2005	DPI or antisense p22phox or p47phox oligonucleotide treatment also attenuated the AT1 receptor-dependent increase in O2*- production in the ventrolateral medulla elicited by Ang II at the RVLM.	Superoxides	117-121	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	17-24
8764104-1	1996	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a superoxide anion scavenger located in mitochondria.	Superoxides	44-60	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
8755643-8	1996	However, the observed superoxide production rates are modulated by the variant induction of MnSOD which decreases the rates, sometimes below those seen in control fibroblast mitochondria.	Superoxides	22-32	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	92-97
16140258-2	2005	Aconitase inactivation was calibrated using the known rate of matrix superoxide production from complex I. Glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase generated superoxide about equally to each side of the membrane, whereas centre o of complex III in the presence of antimycin A generated superoxide about 30% on the cytosolic side and 70% on the matrix side.	Superoxides	69-79	Mitochondrial aconitase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	0-9
16140258-1	2005	The topology of superoxide generation by sn-glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and complex III in intact Drosophila mitochondria was studied using aconitase inactivation to measure superoxide production in the matrix, and hydrogen peroxide formation in the presence of superoxide dismutase to measure superoxide production from both sides of the membrane.	Superoxides	16-26	Mitochondrial aconitase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	147-156
8843443-5	1996	In addition, the glr1 mutant strain was unaffected in the inducible adaptive response to hydrogen peroxide, but showed increased sensitivity to oxidants including both peroxides and superoxide, indicating a requirement for GLR in protection against oxidative stress.	Superoxides	182-192	glutathione-disulfide reductase GLR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	17-21
15994299-1	2005	The integral membrane protein p22phox is an indispensable component of the superoxide-generating phagocyte NADPH oxidase, whose catalytic core is the membrane-associated gp91phox (also known as Nox2).	Superoxides	75-85	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	30-37
8829220-1	1996	Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase (XDH, EC 1.1.1.204, XO, EC 1.2.3.2) produces uric acid, and in the oxidase form also generates the free radical superoxide.	Superoxides	143-153	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	0-30
15833798-8	2005	Superoxide scavenging by Tempol treatment inhibited both the Bax-positive index as well as the apoptotic index of medial SMC in response to vascular injury.	Superoxides	0-10	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	61-64
8829220-1	1996	Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase (XDH, EC 1.1.1.204, XO, EC 1.2.3.2) produces uric acid, and in the oxidase form also generates the free radical superoxide.	Superoxides	143-153	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	32-35
16009563-6	2005	GM-CSF primed (4 days) microglia also produced significantly higher amounts of superoxide after PMA-stimulation.	Superoxides	79-89	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-6
8692893-1	1996	Besides synthesizing nitric oxide (NO), purified neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) can produce superoxide (.O2-) at lower L-Arg concentrations.	Superoxides	89-99	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	71-75
8692893-1	1996	Besides synthesizing nitric oxide (NO), purified neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) can produce superoxide (.O2-) at lower L-Arg concentrations.	Superoxides	102-104	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	71-75
8692893-2	1996	By using electron paramagnetic resonance spin-trapping techniques, we monitored NO and .O2- formation in nNOS-transfected human kidney 293 cells.	Superoxides	88-90	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	105-109
16043641-5	2005	Elevated levels of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide were detected by confocal microscopy in cerebral arterioles of Mtr(+/-) mice fed the control diet and in both Mtr(+/+) and Mtr(+/-) mice fed the LF diet.	Superoxides	19-29	telomerase RNA component	Mus musculus	115-118
16043641-5	2005	Elevated levels of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide were detected by confocal microscopy in cerebral arterioles of Mtr(+/-) mice fed the control diet and in both Mtr(+/+) and Mtr(+/-) mice fed the LF diet.	Superoxides	19-29	telomerase RNA component	Mus musculus	162-165
8665512-1	1996	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) inactivates the radiation effect by removal of radiation-induced toxic superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-38
16043641-5	2005	Elevated levels of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide were detected by confocal microscopy in cerebral arterioles of Mtr(+/-) mice fed the control diet and in both Mtr(+/+) and Mtr(+/-) mice fed the LF diet.	Superoxides	19-29	telomerase RNA component	Mus musculus	162-165
8661822-7	1996	Up-regulation of Mn-SOD mRNA in gastric carcinoma tissue most likely serves as a protective mechanism against superoxide radicals and TNF cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	110-120	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	17-23
16104590-0	2005	[super-molecular interaction of p47(phox): a regulatory protein of superoxide-producing system in phagocytes].	Superoxides	67-77	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	32-35
8675493-3	1996	This is consistent with the increased superoxide generation per leukocyte (PMN) in these patients (Asthma: 1.56 +/- 0.08 CL/PMN; COPD: 1.31 +/- 0.08 CL/PMN; normal: 0.83 +/- 0.07 CL/PMN.	Superoxides	38-48	COPD	Homo sapiens	129-133
15998684-2	2005	G6PD may therefore affect superoxide anion production via vascular NADPH oxidase, which is key in mediating the vascular response to angiotensin II (Ang II).	Superoxides	26-42	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase 2	Mus musculus	0-4
8675493-4	1996	However, spontaneous production of superoxide by individual PMNs was increased only in asthmatic patients, compared with that in normal subjects (Asthma: 0.14 +/- 0.02 CL/PMN; COPD: 0.07 +/- 0.01 CL/PMN; normal: 0.07 +/- 0.01 CL/PMN.	Superoxides	35-45	COPD	Homo sapiens	176-180
8680723-21	1995	Of the two PKA inhibitors tested, H-89 (10 microM) and Rp cyclic AMPS (10 microM), the more effective inhibitor of PGE2-induced inhibition of neutrophil superoxide anion generation was H-89 (EC50s for PGE2 were 0.36 +/- 0.1 and &gt; 10 microM, respectively).	Superoxides	153-169	adenylosuccinate lyase	Homo sapiens	65-69
15925276-8	2005	In other cardiovascular situations, delivery of human HO-1 to hyperglycemic rats significantly lowers superoxide (O(2)(-)) levels and prevents EC damage and sloughing of vascular EC into the circulation.	Superoxides	102-112	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	54-58
15925276-8	2005	In other cardiovascular situations, delivery of human HO-1 to hyperglycemic rats significantly lowers superoxide (O(2)(-)) levels and prevents EC damage and sloughing of vascular EC into the circulation.	Superoxides	114-118	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	54-58
15778738-0	2005	Expression of functional NK1 receptors in human alveolar macrophages: superoxide anion production, cytokine release and involvement of NF-kappaB pathway.	Superoxides	70-86	tachykinin receptor 1	Homo sapiens	25-28
15778738-5	2005	These NK-1R are functional, as SP and NK(1) agonists dose-dependently induce O(2)(-) production and cytokine release.	Superoxides	77-81	tachykinin receptor 1	Homo sapiens	6-11
15718503-6	2005	After Ca2+-induced activation, endoglin-deficient endothelial cells have reduced eNOS/Hsp90 association, produce less NO, and generate more eNOS-derived superoxide (O2-), indicating that endoglin also facilitates eNOS/Hsp90 interactions and is an important regulator in the coupling of eNOS activity.	Superoxides	165-167	endoglin	Mus musculus	31-39
15718503-7	2005	Treatment with an O2- scavenger reverses the vasomotor abnormalities in Eng(+/-) arteries, suggesting that uncoupled eNOS and resulting impaired myogenic response represent early events in HHT1 pathogenesis and that the use of antioxidants may provide a novel therapeutic modality.	Superoxides	18-20	endoglin	Mus musculus	72-75
15718503-7	2005	Treatment with an O2- scavenger reverses the vasomotor abnormalities in Eng(+/-) arteries, suggesting that uncoupled eNOS and resulting impaired myogenic response represent early events in HHT1 pathogenesis and that the use of antioxidants may provide a novel therapeutic modality.	Superoxides	18-20	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	117-121
8682024-1	1995	Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor is a potent activator of mature granulocytes, and subsequently enhances superoxide release.	Superoxides	110-120	colony stimulating factor 3 (granulocyte)	Mus musculus	0-37
15820617-3	2005	Gastric biopsies of hospitalized geriatric patients were analyzed for histology (Sidney classification), and real-time PCR was used to quantify mRNA expression of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidases NOX1, NOX2, and NOX5.	Superoxides	167-177	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	220-224
15820256-9	2005	Furthermore, GGTI treatment attenuated balloon-injury-induced superoxide generation assayed by MCLA luminescence.	Superoxides	62-72	protein geranylgeranyltransferase type I subunit beta	Homo sapiens	13-17
8682024-4	1995	Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor 20 micrograms.kg-1.day-1, polyethylene glycol-conjugated superoxide dismutase (an enzyme catalyzing the conversion of O2- to H2(O2)) 1 x 10(3) U.kg-1.day-1 and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor 20 micrograms.kg-1.day-1, plus polyethylene glycol-conjugated superoxide dismutase 1 x 10(3) U. kg-1.	Superoxides	156-158	colony stimulating factor 3 (granulocyte)	Mus musculus	0-37
8682024-4	1995	Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor 20 micrograms.kg-1.day-1, polyethylene glycol-conjugated superoxide dismutase (an enzyme catalyzing the conversion of O2- to H2(O2)) 1 x 10(3) U.kg-1.day-1 and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor 20 micrograms.kg-1.day-1, plus polyethylene glycol-conjugated superoxide dismutase 1 x 10(3) U. kg-1.	Superoxides	156-158	colony stimulating factor 3 (granulocyte)	Mus musculus	198-235
8682024-4	1995	Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor 20 micrograms.kg-1.day-1, polyethylene glycol-conjugated superoxide dismutase (an enzyme catalyzing the conversion of O2- to H2(O2)) 1 x 10(3) U.kg-1.day-1 and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor 20 micrograms.kg-1.day-1, plus polyethylene glycol-conjugated superoxide dismutase 1 x 10(3) U. kg-1.	Superoxides	166-168	colony stimulating factor 3 (granulocyte)	Mus musculus	0-37
17975114-2	2008	In search of upstream mediators of toxicity, we hypothesized that troglitazone-induced increased mitochondrial generation of superoxide might activate the thioredoxin-2 (Trx2)/apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (Ask1) signaling pathway, leading to cell death, and that, hence, the mitochondrially targeted radical scavenger, mito-carboxy proxyl (CP), would prevent the increase in superoxide net levels and inhibit mitochondrial signaling and cell injury.	Superoxides	383-393	thioredoxin 2	Homo sapiens	155-168
8682024-4	1995	Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor 20 micrograms.kg-1.day-1, polyethylene glycol-conjugated superoxide dismutase (an enzyme catalyzing the conversion of O2- to H2(O2)) 1 x 10(3) U.kg-1.day-1 and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor 20 micrograms.kg-1.day-1, plus polyethylene glycol-conjugated superoxide dismutase 1 x 10(3) U. kg-1.	Superoxides	166-168	colony stimulating factor 3 (granulocyte)	Mus musculus	198-235
7578122-2	1995	Zn2+ blocks NADPH-dependent reduction of heme iron in nNOS and also blocks the calmodulin-dependent superoxide-mediated cytochrome c reductase activity exhibited by nNOS.	Superoxides	100-110	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	165-169
17975114-2	2008	In search of upstream mediators of toxicity, we hypothesized that troglitazone-induced increased mitochondrial generation of superoxide might activate the thioredoxin-2 (Trx2)/apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (Ask1) signaling pathway, leading to cell death, and that, hence, the mitochondrially targeted radical scavenger, mito-carboxy proxyl (CP), would prevent the increase in superoxide net levels and inhibit mitochondrial signaling and cell injury.	Superoxides	383-393	thioredoxin 2	Homo sapiens	170-174
17975114-2	2008	In search of upstream mediators of toxicity, we hypothesized that troglitazone-induced increased mitochondrial generation of superoxide might activate the thioredoxin-2 (Trx2)/apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (Ask1) signaling pathway, leading to cell death, and that, hence, the mitochondrially targeted radical scavenger, mito-carboxy proxyl (CP), would prevent the increase in superoxide net levels and inhibit mitochondrial signaling and cell injury.	Superoxides	383-393	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Homo sapiens	214-218
7499207-2	1995	Monoclonal antibodies to the alpha L beta 2 integrin inhibit the binding of type I collagen to PMN (polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes) as well as the subsequent stimulation of superoxide production and enzyme secretion-elicited by this collagen.	Superoxides	182-192	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	37-43
18061074-2	2007	BACKGROUND: Stenting causes an acute increase in superoxide anion production and oxidative stress; EC-SOD is a major component of antioxidative defense in blood vessels and has powerful cardioprotective effects in ischemic myocardium.	Superoxides	49-65	extracellular superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Oryctolagus cuniculus	99-105
17827253-0	2007	Nitric oxide and superoxide generation from endothelial NOS: modulation by HSP90.	Superoxides	17-27	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	75-80
8580367-8	1995	MnSOD acts as a scaveneger of toxic superoxide radicals and its induction by TNF paralleled arachidonic acid release.	Superoxides	36-46	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
17827253-6	2007	We found that overexpression of HSP90 significantly increased the shear-stimulated association of HSP90 with eNOS and led to significant increases in NO production and reduced NOS-dependent superoxide generation.	Superoxides	190-200	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	32-37
17827253-6	2007	We found that overexpression of HSP90 significantly increased the shear-stimulated association of HSP90 with eNOS and led to significant increases in NO production and reduced NOS-dependent superoxide generation.	Superoxides	190-200	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	98-103
17827253-7	2007	Conversely, the exposure of PAECs isolated from fetal lambs to the HSP90 inhibitor radicicol led to significant decreases in eNOS-HSP90 interactions, decreased shear-stimulated NO generation, and increased NOS-dependent superoxide production indicative of eNOS uncoupling.	Superoxides	220-230	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	67-72
17827253-9	2007	Our data indicate that HSP90-eNOS interactions were decreased in shunt lambs and that this was associated with decreased NO generation and an increase in eNOS-dependent generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	183-193	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	23-28
17827253-10	2007	Together, our data support a significant role for HSP90 in promoting NO generation and inhibiting superoxide generation by eNOS and indicate that the disruption of this interaction may be involved in the endothelial dysfunction associated with pulmonary hypertension.	Superoxides	98-108	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	50-55
17964606-8	2007	The results support the evidence about the ability of antioxidants to restore altered vascular reactivity of aortic rings in PPx rats, probably through the scavenging property of superoxide anion accumulation.	Superoxides	179-195	protein phosphatase 4, catalytic subunit	Rattus norvegicus	125-128
17711848-6	2007	This DNA-mediated suppression of AIF-M2 activity is expected to lower cellular levels of superoxide and peroxide, thereby lessening survival signaling by Ras, NF-kappaB, or AP-1, as suggested from knock-out studies of the related AIF in human colon cancer cell lines.	Superoxides	89-99	apoptosis inducing factor mitochondria associated 2	Homo sapiens	33-39
7543523-8	1995	Using amounts of proMBP determined to be optimal for MBP activity, it was shown that proMBP not only lacked the ability to inhibit protein synthesis in K562 cells, but it also lacked the ability to stimulate basophil histamine release or generate neutrophil superoxide anion release.	Superoxides	258-274	proteoglycan 2, pro eosinophil major basic protein	Homo sapiens	85-91
17880238-0	2007	Design of new derivatives of nitrone DEPMPO functionalized at C-4 for further specific applications in superoxide radical detection.	Superoxides	103-121	complement C4A (Rodgers blood group)	Homo sapiens	62-65
7543523-9	1995	Furthermore, proMBP inhibited in a dose-responsive manner the basophil histamine release and superoxide anion generation stimulated by MBP.	Superoxides	93-109	proteoglycan 2, pro eosinophil major basic protein	Homo sapiens	13-19
17880238-6	2007	For each isomer, only one diastereoisomer adduct was obtained, resulting from the addition of superoxide on the less hindered face of the nitrone, that is, trans to the phosphoryl group and the C-4 substituent.	Superoxides	94-104	complement C4A (Rodgers blood group)	Homo sapiens	194-197
7543523-9	1995	Furthermore, proMBP inhibited in a dose-responsive manner the basophil histamine release and superoxide anion generation stimulated by MBP.	Superoxides	93-109	myelin basic protein	Cricetulus griseus	16-19
17583407-4	2007	Although Nox3 complexed with p22(phox) constitutively produce superoxide, the production can be enhanced by supportive proteins.	Superoxides	62-72	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	29-32
17583407-4	2007	Although Nox3 complexed with p22(phox) constitutively produce superoxide, the production can be enhanced by supportive proteins.	Superoxides	62-72	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	33-37
17583407-7	2007	When these oxidases use Noxo1 as an organizer instead of p47(phox), they produce a small but significant amount of superoxide without expression of Rac1(Q61L), although the production is enhanced by Rac1(Q61L).	Superoxides	115-125	NADPH oxidase organizer 1	Homo sapiens	24-29
17583407-7	2007	When these oxidases use Noxo1 as an organizer instead of p47(phox), they produce a small but significant amount of superoxide without expression of Rac1(Q61L), although the production is enhanced by Rac1(Q61L).	Superoxides	115-125	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	57-60
17583407-7	2007	When these oxidases use Noxo1 as an organizer instead of p47(phox), they produce a small but significant amount of superoxide without expression of Rac1(Q61L), although the production is enhanced by Rac1(Q61L).	Superoxides	115-125	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	61-65
17583407-10	2007	We also demonstrate that, in the Nox3-based oxidase containing solely p67(phox) as supportive protein, expression of Rac1(Q61L) enhances not only superoxide production but also membrane translocation of p67(phox).	Superoxides	146-156	NADPH oxidase 3	Homo sapiens	33-37
17583407-10	2007	We also demonstrate that, in the Nox3-based oxidase containing solely p67(phox) as supportive protein, expression of Rac1(Q61L) enhances not only superoxide production but also membrane translocation of p67(phox).	Superoxides	146-156	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	74-78
17587483-0	2007	NOX5 is expressed at the plasma membrane and generates superoxide in response to protein kinase C activation.	Superoxides	55-65	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	0-4
17587483-8	2007	Two arguments suggest that NOX5 is at least partially expressed on the plasma membrane: (i) the membrane-impermeant superoxide was readily detected by extracellular probes, and (ii) immunofluorescent labeling of NOX5 detected a fraction of the NOX5 protein at the plasma membrane.	Superoxides	116-126	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	27-31
17391658-10	2007	NADPH oxidase inhibitors and superoxide scavengers significantly decreased Ang II-induced ET-1 mRNA and peptide expression, superoxide production as well as collagen expression.	Superoxides	29-39	endothelin 1	Mus musculus	90-94
17553943-2	2007	This study tests the hypothesis that hyperoxic superfusate (95% O(2)) causes a time-dependent increase in superoxide anion (*O(2)(-)) production in CA1 neurons in slices, which will decrease as oxygen concentration is decreased.	Superoxides	106-122	carbonic anhydrase 1	Rattus norvegicus	148-151
17416602-8	2007	TAC increased cardiac superoxide generation in NOS3(-/-TG) but not NOS3(-/-) mice.	Superoxides	22-32	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	47-51
17463333-10	2007	CONCLUSION: In contrast to vitamin C treatment, augmenting BH4 levels in the endothelium by GCH overexpression reduced the accelerated atherosclerotic lesion formation in ApoE-KO/eNOS-Tg mice, associated with a reduction of superoxide production from uncoupled eNOS.	Superoxides	224-234	GTP cyclohydrolase 1	Mus musculus	92-95
17560373-2	2007	TNF signaling enables the generation of superoxide in phagocytic and vascular cells through the activation of the NADPH oxidase Nox2/gp91.	Superoxides	40-50	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	133-137
17560373-6	2007	Moreover, the prevention of TNF-induced superoxide generation with dominant-negative mutants of TRADD or Rac1, as well as knockdown of Nox1 using siRNA, inhibits necrosis.	Superoxides	40-50	TNFRSF1A-associated via death domain	Mus musculus	96-101
17337508-2	2007	The conformational state of bound Hsp90 determines whether eNOS produces nitric oxide (NO) or superoxide (O(2)(*-)).	Superoxides	94-104	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	34-39
17337508-2	2007	The conformational state of bound Hsp90 determines whether eNOS produces nitric oxide (NO) or superoxide (O(2)(*-)).	Superoxides	106-110	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	34-39
17344185-0	2007	Depolarization of the macula densa induces superoxide production via NAD(P)H oxidase.	Superoxides	43-53	NADPH oxidase 1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	69-84
17344185-3	2007	We hypothesized that the increase in tubular NaCl concentration that initiates tubuloglomerular feedback induces O(2)(-) production by the macula densa via NAD(P)H oxidase, which is activated by macula densa depolarization.	Superoxides	113-120	NADPH oxidase 1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	156-171
17525281-7	2007	Expression and superoxide generation of the membrane components of NADPH oxidase, p22(phox) and gp91(phox), in the neointima were also suppressed by Ad-PEDF.	Superoxides	15-25	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	82-85
17360969-0	2007	Superoxide flux in endothelial cells via the chloride channel-3 mediates intracellular signaling.	Superoxides	0-10	chloride voltage-gated channel 3	Homo sapiens	45-63
17360969-8	2007	This study demonstrates that O(2)(.-) flux across the endothelial cell plasma membrane occurs through ClC-3 channels and induces intracellular Ca(2+) release, which activates mitochondrial O(2)(.-) generation.	Superoxides	29-33	chloride voltage-gated channel 3	Homo sapiens	102-107
17360969-8	2007	This study demonstrates that O(2)(.-) flux across the endothelial cell plasma membrane occurs through ClC-3 channels and induces intracellular Ca(2+) release, which activates mitochondrial O(2)(.-) generation.	Superoxides	189-193	chloride voltage-gated channel 3	Homo sapiens	102-107
17320767-5	2007	Glucose-mediated decreases in PKG-I levels were inhibited by a superoxide scavenger (tempol) or NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitors (diphenylene iodonium or apocynin).	Superoxides	63-73	protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1	Rattus norvegicus	30-35
17320767-11	2007	Taken together, the present results suggest that glucose-mediated down-regulation of PKG-I expression in VSMC occurs through PKC-dependent activation of NAD(P)H oxidase-derived superoxide production, contributing to diabetes-associated vessel dysfunctions.	Superoxides	177-187	protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1	Rattus norvegicus	85-90
17170376-1	2007	OBJECTIVES: Extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD) lowers superoxide anions and maintains vascular nitric oxide level.	Superoxides	62-79	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	12-46
17170376-1	2007	OBJECTIVES: Extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD) lowers superoxide anions and maintains vascular nitric oxide level.	Superoxides	62-79	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	48-53
17196179-12	2007	Thus, the study documented regional distributions of NOS, NAD(P)H oxidase, antioxidant enzymes, sGC and calmodulin which collectively regulate production and biological activities of NO and superoxide, the two important small molecular size signaling molecules.	Superoxides	190-200	guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2	Rattus norvegicus	96-99
17308111-7	2007	This activation, in combination with BaP-induced phosphorylated p53, promoted mitochondrial superoxide anion production, supporting the existence of a common target for NHE1 and p53.	Superoxides	92-108	prohibitin 2	Homo sapiens	37-40
17211829-6	2007	Several proteins involved in defense against toxic superoxide (O2-) and other reactive oxygen species, such as manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (SOD2), glutathione peroxidase, and peroxiredoxins 1 and 6 were highly upregulated after TLR7/8 activation.	Superoxides	51-61	peroxiredoxin 1	Homo sapiens	189-211
17211829-6	2007	Several proteins involved in defense against toxic superoxide (O2-) and other reactive oxygen species, such as manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (SOD2), glutathione peroxidase, and peroxiredoxins 1 and 6 were highly upregulated after TLR7/8 activation.	Superoxides	63-65	peroxiredoxin 1	Homo sapiens	189-211
17200442-9	2007	Superoxide generation was elevated in vessels from Lepr(db) mice versus controls.	Superoxides	0-10	leptin receptor	Mus musculus	51-55
17200442-10	2007	Administration of the superoxide scavenger TEMPOL, NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor (apocynin), or anti-TNF restored endothelium-dependent dilation in Lepr(db) mice.	Superoxides	22-32	leptin receptor	Mus musculus	144-148
16963617-7	2007	Furthermore, RNA interference of NAD(P)H oxidase subunits Nox1 or p47 markedly blocked OXO-induced increases in both extra- and intracellular O(2)(*-) levels, whereas small inhibitory RNA of Nox4 only attenuated intracellular O(2)(*-) accumulation.	Superoxides	142-146	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	66-69
17103092-3	2007	IDO activity consumes superoxide anions; therefore, we postulated that over-expression of IDO might mitigate superoxide-anion dependent, oxidative modification of cellular proteins in vitro.	Superoxides	22-39	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
17103092-3	2007	IDO activity consumes superoxide anions; therefore, we postulated that over-expression of IDO might mitigate superoxide-anion dependent, oxidative modification of cellular proteins in vitro.	Superoxides	22-39	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	90-93
17103092-3	2007	IDO activity consumes superoxide anions; therefore, we postulated that over-expression of IDO might mitigate superoxide-anion dependent, oxidative modification of cellular proteins in vitro.	Superoxides	22-32	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
17103092-3	2007	IDO activity consumes superoxide anions; therefore, we postulated that over-expression of IDO might mitigate superoxide-anion dependent, oxidative modification of cellular proteins in vitro.	Superoxides	22-32	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	90-93
17103092-6	2007	To generate superoxide anions in situ, we treated the IDO-and control-transfected cultures with xanthine or hypoxanthine, and then used ELISA methods to quantitate the relative levels of oxidatively modified proteins in total cell lysates.	Superoxides	12-29	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	54-57
17103092-8	2007	In addition, steady-state levels of superoxide anions were significantly lower in the IDO-transfected cultures compared with control transfectants.	Superoxides	36-53	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	86-89
17982273-7	2007	In Vav2-siRNA transfected RMCs, Hcys-induced Rac activity was blocked, which was accompanied by significant reduction of Hcys-induced O(2)(-).	Superoxides	134-138	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	3-7
16973705-13	2006	Manganese (III) tetrakis(1-methyl-4-pyridyl) porphyrin pentachloride, a potent scavenger of superoxide, not only prevented CIH-induced increases in ROS but also CIH-evoked HIF-1alpha up-regulation in WT mice.	Superoxides	92-102	hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit	Mus musculus	172-182
17065353-4	2006	In parallel, high glucose, but not mannitol, significantly increased superoxide and 3-nitrotyrosine in PGI(2) synthase (PGIS).	Superoxides	69-79	prostaglandin I2 (prostacyclin) synthase	Mus musculus	120-124
16970799-7	2006	Here, we showed that Fas or pro-caspase-8 expression was significantly knocked down in TEC by stable expression of shRNA, resulting in resistance to apoptosis induced by superoxide, IFN-gamma/TNF-alpha and anti-Fas antibody.	Superoxides	170-180	caspase 8	Mus musculus	32-41
15828232-5	2005	In addition, the phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-stimulated 22 kDa-subunit (p22phox) protein levels and 47 kDa-subunit (p47phox) protein levels in NADPH (superoxide generating enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (reduced form)) oxidase were decreased by treatment with PPARalpha and PPARgamma ligands/activators.	Superoxides	154-164	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	76-83
15828232-5	2005	In addition, the phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-stimulated 22 kDa-subunit (p22phox) protein levels and 47 kDa-subunit (p47phox) protein levels in NADPH (superoxide generating enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (reduced form)) oxidase were decreased by treatment with PPARalpha and PPARgamma ligands/activators.	Superoxides	154-164	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	284-293
15784978-1	2005	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an enzyme facilitating the removal of superoxide anions from living organisms.	Superoxides	68-85	superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Bombyx mori	0-20
15784978-1	2005	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an enzyme facilitating the removal of superoxide anions from living organisms.	Superoxides	68-85	superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Bombyx mori	22-25
15375030-2	2005	Here we report that extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) plays a major role in regulating the magnitude of hypoxia-induced erythropoietin (Epo) gene expression, thus implicating superoxide as an intermediary signal transduction molecule critical to this process.	Superoxides	34-44	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	56-62
15375030-2	2005	Here we report that extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) plays a major role in regulating the magnitude of hypoxia-induced erythropoietin (Epo) gene expression, thus implicating superoxide as an intermediary signal transduction molecule critical to this process.	Superoxides	34-44	erythropoietin	Mus musculus	130-144
15375030-2	2005	Here we report that extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) plays a major role in regulating the magnitude of hypoxia-induced erythropoietin (Epo) gene expression, thus implicating superoxide as an intermediary signal transduction molecule critical to this process.	Superoxides	34-44	erythropoietin	Mus musculus	146-149
15375030-8	2005	We conclude that EC-SOD functions as a major repressor of hypoxia-induced Epo gene expression, which implicates superoxide as a signaling intermediate whose downstream effects, at least in part, may be mediated by HIF-1alpha.	Superoxides	112-122	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	17-23
15375030-8	2005	We conclude that EC-SOD functions as a major repressor of hypoxia-induced Epo gene expression, which implicates superoxide as a signaling intermediate whose downstream effects, at least in part, may be mediated by HIF-1alpha.	Superoxides	112-122	erythropoietin	Mus musculus	74-77
15375030-8	2005	We conclude that EC-SOD functions as a major repressor of hypoxia-induced Epo gene expression, which implicates superoxide as a signaling intermediate whose downstream effects, at least in part, may be mediated by HIF-1alpha.	Superoxides	112-122	hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit	Mus musculus	214-224
15678111-6	2005	Transgenic rats had a mild increase in ATF-4 and CHOP and minimal neuronal degeneration, indicating that superoxide was involved in ER stress-induced cell death.	Superoxides	105-115	DNA-damage inducible transcript 3	Rattus norvegicus	49-53
15322091-12	2004	We provide evidence that p22phox directly interacts with Nox1 and Nox4, to form an superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase and demonstrate that mutation of the potential heme binding site in the Nox proteins disrupts the complex formation of Nox1 and Nox4 with p22phox.	Superoxides	83-93	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	25-32
15326186-0	2004	NOX3, a superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase of the inner ear.	Superoxides	8-18	NADPH oxidase 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
15326186-6	2004	NOX3-dependent superoxide production required a stimulus in the absence of subunits and upon co-expression with phagocyte NADPH oxidase subunits p47(phox) and p67(phox), but it was stimulus-independent upon co-expression with colon NADPH oxidase subunits NOX organizer 1 and NOX activator 1.	Superoxides	15-25	NADPH oxidase 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
15326186-6	2004	NOX3-dependent superoxide production required a stimulus in the absence of subunits and upon co-expression with phagocyte NADPH oxidase subunits p47(phox) and p67(phox), but it was stimulus-independent upon co-expression with colon NADPH oxidase subunits NOX organizer 1 and NOX activator 1.	Superoxides	15-25	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	145-154
15326186-6	2004	NOX3-dependent superoxide production required a stimulus in the absence of subunits and upon co-expression with phagocyte NADPH oxidase subunits p47(phox) and p67(phox), but it was stimulus-independent upon co-expression with colon NADPH oxidase subunits NOX organizer 1 and NOX activator 1.	Superoxides	15-25	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	149-153
15326186-6	2004	NOX3-dependent superoxide production required a stimulus in the absence of subunits and upon co-expression with phagocyte NADPH oxidase subunits p47(phox) and p67(phox), but it was stimulus-independent upon co-expression with colon NADPH oxidase subunits NOX organizer 1 and NOX activator 1.	Superoxides	15-25	NADPH oxidase organizer 1	Homo sapiens	255-270
15326186-7	2004	Pre-incubation of NOX3-transfected human embryonic kidney 293 cells with the ototoxic drug cisplatin markedly enhanced superoxide production, in both the presence and the absence of subunits.	Superoxides	119-129	NADPH oxidase 3	Homo sapiens	18-22
15509740-10	2004	These studies suggest that gp120 may induce neuronal apoptosis in the CNS of HAD patients through the CXCR4-NADPH oxidase-superoxide-NSMase-ceramide pathway.	Superoxides	122-132	inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4	Homo sapiens	27-32
15373923-7	2004	The IgG1, IgG3 and IgG4 subclass fractions, isolated from three different ANCA sera, each stimulated superoxide production from neutrophils derived from multiple donors.	Superoxides	101-111	immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 3 (G3m marker)	Homo sapiens	10-14
15288119-3	2004	We have recently demonstrated that overexpression of the Alpha class GSTs in cells leads to lower steady-state levels of HNE, and these cells acquire resistance to apoptosis induced by lipid peroxidation-causing agents such as H(2)O(2), UVA, superoxide anion, and pro-oxidant xenobiotics, suggesting that signaling for apoptosis by these agents is transduced through HNE.	Superoxides	242-258	glutathione S-transferase kappa 1	Homo sapiens	69-73
15462181-4	2004	Addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD) to the reaction mixture partially reduced the intensity of signals confirming the production of superoxide radical as well as hydroxyl radicals.	Superoxides	135-153	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Cucumis sativus	12-32
15462181-4	2004	Addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD) to the reaction mixture partially reduced the intensity of signals confirming the production of superoxide radical as well as hydroxyl radicals.	Superoxides	135-153	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Cucumis sativus	34-37
15240745-6	2004	The generation of superoxide by both uPA-/- and uPAR-/- neutrophils was about half of that seen in WT neutrophils.	Superoxides	18-28	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Mus musculus	37-40
15246877-0	2004	S-nitrosation of thioredoxin in the nitrogen monoxide/superoxide system activates apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1.	Superoxides	54-64	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	17-28
15246877-0	2004	S-nitrosation of thioredoxin in the nitrogen monoxide/superoxide system activates apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1.	Superoxides	54-64	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Homo sapiens	82-118
15246877-1	2004	In the present study, we have investigated S-nitrosation of reactive thioredoxin (Trx) thiol groups in nitric oxide/superoxide system.	Superoxides	116-126	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	69-80
15246877-1	2004	In the present study, we have investigated S-nitrosation of reactive thioredoxin (Trx) thiol groups in nitric oxide/superoxide system.	Superoxides	116-126	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	82-85
15246877-2	2004	We have found that Trx thiol groups are the targets for S-nitrosation by N2O3-like species generated in the system containing xanthine/xanthine oxidase (superoxide producing system) and DEA/NO-the *NO donating compound, however, they have shown low sensitivity to the *NO derived from DEA/NO.	Superoxides	153-163	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	19-22
15246877-3	2004	N2O3-dependent S-nitrosation of Trx at approximately 2-fold of NO excess compared to the superoxide amount resulted in dissociation and activation of apoptosis signal regulating kinase 1 (ASK1).	Superoxides	89-99	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	32-35
15246877-3	2004	N2O3-dependent S-nitrosation of Trx at approximately 2-fold of NO excess compared to the superoxide amount resulted in dissociation and activation of apoptosis signal regulating kinase 1 (ASK1).	Superoxides	89-99	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Homo sapiens	150-186
15246877-3	2004	N2O3-dependent S-nitrosation of Trx at approximately 2-fold of NO excess compared to the superoxide amount resulted in dissociation and activation of apoptosis signal regulating kinase 1 (ASK1).	Superoxides	89-99	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Homo sapiens	188-192
15246877-4	2004	However, approximately 4-fold of NO excess compared to a superoxide production preserved the level of dissociated ASK1 but decreased its activity due to the enzyme S-nitrosation.	Superoxides	57-67	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Homo sapiens	114-118
15264222-5	2004	A nonneurotoxic PAF concentration (500 nM) potentiated neuronal death caused by hydrogen peroxide as determined by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay, Hoechst staining, and TUNEL analysis, but it did not potentiate neuronal death caused by menadione, a superoxide donor, or by the nitric oxide donors 3-morpholino-sydnonimine (SIN-1) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP).	Superoxides	252-262	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	16-19
15181005-1	2004	gp91(phox) (Nox2), the catalytic subunit of the superoxide-generating respiratory burst oxidase, is regulated by subunits p47(phox) and p67(phox).	Superoxides	48-58	inhibitor of growth family member 1	Homo sapiens	122-131
15181005-1	2004	gp91(phox) (Nox2), the catalytic subunit of the superoxide-generating respiratory burst oxidase, is regulated by subunits p47(phox) and p67(phox).	Superoxides	48-58	inhibitor of growth family member 1	Homo sapiens	5-9
15249190-0	2004	Role of NADPH oxidase-mediated superoxide production in the regulation of E-selectin expression by endothelial cells subjected to anoxia/reoxygenation.	Superoxides	31-41	selectin E	Homo sapiens	74-84
15249190-1	2004	OBJECTIVE: Anoxia followed by reoxygenation (A/R) increases endothelial cell superoxide (O2-) generation which is implicated in E-selectin overexpression.	Superoxides	77-87	selectin E	Homo sapiens	128-138
15249190-1	2004	OBJECTIVE: Anoxia followed by reoxygenation (A/R) increases endothelial cell superoxide (O2-) generation which is implicated in E-selectin overexpression.	Superoxides	89-91	selectin E	Homo sapiens	128-138
15207648-7	2004	We found that HO-1 induction in astrocytes is increased by combined exposure to Pb2+ and many other stresses, including heat, nitric oxide, H2O2, and superoxide.	Superoxides	150-160	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	14-18
16800860-8	2006	When administered along with glucose oxidase (G-ox), a superoxide-generating enzyme, Amb a 1 induced robust airway inflammation, which was significantly lowered by LF.	Superoxides	55-65	hydroxyacid oxidase 1, liver	Mus musculus	29-44
16800860-8	2006	When administered along with glucose oxidase (G-ox), a superoxide-generating enzyme, Amb a 1 induced robust airway inflammation, which was significantly lowered by LF.	Superoxides	55-65	hydroxyacid oxidase 1, liver	Mus musculus	46-50
16807359-4	2006	IL-10 significantly inhibited LPS-induced production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, nitric oxide, and extracellular superoxide in microglia cells.	Superoxides	117-127	interleukin 10	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
16763214-4	2006	Inhibition of cross-linking activity of TG2 by monodansylcadaverin in these cells led to diminished nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) positivity, production of less superoxide anion, and decreased expression of GP91PHOX, the membrane-associated subunit of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	159-175	transglutaminase 2, C polypeptide	Mus musculus	40-43
16763214-5	2006	Neutrophils isolated from TG2(-/-) mice showed diminished NBT reduction capacity, reduced superoxide anion formation, and down-regulation of the gp91phox subunit of NADPH oxidase, compared with wild-type cells.	Superoxides	90-106	transglutaminase 2, C polypeptide	Mus musculus	26-29
16619034-0	2006	Proline oxidase activates both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways for apoptosis: the role of ROS/superoxides, NFAT and MEK/ERK signaling.	Superoxides	95-106	proline dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	0-15
16619034-2	2006	We have shown that POX generated proline-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS), specifically superoxide radicals, and induced apoptosis through the mitochondrial (intrinsic) pathway.	Superoxides	95-105	proline dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	19-22
16619034-9	2006	These findings suggest the involvement of MEK/ERK signaling and further confirm the role of ROS/superoxides in POX-induced apoptosis.	Superoxides	96-107	proline dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	111-114
15070892-4	2004	In wt CA, 30 min of hypoxia (1% O(2)) followed by reoxygenation (16% O(2)) resulted in further coronary vasoconstriction (internal diameter from 105 +/- 11 to 84.5 +/- 17.9 microm), whereas this response was completely blocked in both CuZn-SOD Tg and gp91(phox) knock-out CA (104.3 +/- 10.5 to 120.7 +/- 14 microm and 143.3 +/- 15.3 to 172.7 +/- 12.5 microm, respectively, p &lt; 0.01).	Superoxides	32-37	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	251-255
15070892-4	2004	In wt CA, 30 min of hypoxia (1% O(2)) followed by reoxygenation (16% O(2)) resulted in further coronary vasoconstriction (internal diameter from 105 +/- 11 to 84.5 +/- 17.9 microm), whereas this response was completely blocked in both CuZn-SOD Tg and gp91(phox) knock-out CA (104.3 +/- 10.5 to 120.7 +/- 14 microm and 143.3 +/- 15.3 to 172.7 +/- 12.5 microm, respectively, p &lt; 0.01).	Superoxides	32-36	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	251-255
7622845-1	1995	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn SOD), mitochondrial enzyme, defends against the toxic effects of superoxide radical (O2.-) in pathological processes by catalyzing the conversion of O2.- to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	100-118	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
15070892-6	2004	These results demonstrate that H/R-induced vasoconstriction is mediated by intracellular superoxide overproduction via endothelial NADPH oxidase gp91(phox).	Superoxides	89-99	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	145-149
15001455-2	2004	Among various mechanisms implicated in the impaired EDR in atherosclerosis, superoxide generated from dysfunctional eNOS has attracted attention.	Superoxides	76-86	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	116-120
15166482-1	2004	Platelet-activating factor (PAF) induces various cellular functions in eosinophils including chemotaxis, adhesion, superoxide anion (O2-) production, and degranulation.	Superoxides	115-131	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	0-26
15166482-1	2004	Platelet-activating factor (PAF) induces various cellular functions in eosinophils including chemotaxis, adhesion, superoxide anion (O2-) production, and degranulation.	Superoxides	115-131	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	28-31
15166482-1	2004	Platelet-activating factor (PAF) induces various cellular functions in eosinophils including chemotaxis, adhesion, superoxide anion (O2-) production, and degranulation.	Superoxides	133-136	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	0-26
16923427-4	2006	However, studies on the association of the C242T polymorphism in the p22phox gene with CAD have produced conflicting results, and the relation of this polymorphism with CAD is not well known in a population with acquired risk factors enhancing the NADPH-dependent superoxide production.	Superoxides	264-274	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	69-76
16923427-9	2006	CONCLUSIONS: The T allele in the C242Tpolymorphism of the p22phox gene had a protective effect against the development of CAD despite the exposure of study subjects to risk factors related to excessive NADPH-dependent superoxide production.	Superoxides	218-228	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	58-65
16987008-5	2006	Here the authors describe how the novel superoxide-producing Nox oxidases (Nox1, 3, 4, and 5) with different functions are regulated by p22( phox ), the Nox organizers, the Nox activators, and Rac, and how their expression is controlled at the transcriptional level.	Superoxides	40-50	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	136-139
15166482-1	2004	Platelet-activating factor (PAF) induces various cellular functions in eosinophils including chemotaxis, adhesion, superoxide anion (O2-) production, and degranulation.	Superoxides	133-136	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	28-31
7622845-1	1995	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn SOD), mitochondrial enzyme, defends against the toxic effects of superoxide radical (O2.-) in pathological processes by catalyzing the conversion of O2.- to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	100-118	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-38
7622845-1	1995	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn SOD), mitochondrial enzyme, defends against the toxic effects of superoxide radical (O2.-) in pathological processes by catalyzing the conversion of O2.- to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	120-122	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
14982937-3	2004	Upon heterologous expression, NOX5 was shown to generate superoxide in response to intracellular Ca(2+) elevations.	Superoxides	57-67	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	30-34
14982937-5	2004	In a cell-free system, Ca(2+) elevations triggered superoxide production by NOX5 (K(m) = 1.06 microm) in an NADPH- and FAD-dependent but cytosol-independent manner.	Superoxides	51-61	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	76-80
16962064-8	2006	We suggest that intracellular acidification results in the protonation of superoxide anion (O2-*) to form HO2, one of the most aggressive ROS, which in turn induces Ysp2-mediated PCD.	Superoxides	74-90	Ysp2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	165-169
16962064-8	2006	We suggest that intracellular acidification results in the protonation of superoxide anion (O2-*) to form HO2, one of the most aggressive ROS, which in turn induces Ysp2-mediated PCD.	Superoxides	92-94	Ysp2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	165-169
16763163-4	2006	METHODS AND RESULTS: Vascular superoxide in BKbeta1-/- was measured using the fluorescent dye hydroethidine and lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence.	Superoxides	30-40	potassium large conductance calcium-activated channel, subfamily M, beta member 1	Mus musculus	44-51
16763163-9	2006	Potassium chloride- and iberiotoxin-induced depolarization mimicked the effect of BKbeta1-deletion by increasing vascular O2- in an NADPH-dependent fashion.	Superoxides	122-124	potassium large conductance calcium-activated channel, subfamily M, beta member 1	Mus musculus	82-89
16763163-10	2006	CONCLUSIONS: The deletion of BKbeta1 causes endothelial dysfunction by increasing O2- formation via increasing activity and expression of the vascular NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	82-84	potassium large conductance calcium-activated channel, subfamily M, beta member 1	Mus musculus	29-36
7622845-1	1995	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn SOD), mitochondrial enzyme, defends against the toxic effects of superoxide radical (O2.-) in pathological processes by catalyzing the conversion of O2.- to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	120-122	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-38
15037533-2	2004	We hypothesized that the endothelial gp91phox-containing NADPH oxidase is predominant in generating the O2- to scavenge endothelial NO and thus is responsible for the development of endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	104-106	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	37-41
16816381-2	2006	The gp91(phox-/-) mouse is deficient in the gp91(phox) gene, an essential subunit of the phagocyte nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase that generates superoxide anion.	Superoxides	166-182	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	4-8
15037533-10	2004	CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that the formation of O2- by the endothelial gp91phox-containing NADPH oxidase accounts for the reduced NO bioavailability in the 2K1C model and contributes to the development of renovascular hypertension and endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	55-57	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	78-82
7622845-1	1995	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn SOD), mitochondrial enzyme, defends against the toxic effects of superoxide radical (O2.-) in pathological processes by catalyzing the conversion of O2.- to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	184-186	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
16816381-2	2006	The gp91(phox-/-) mouse is deficient in the gp91(phox) gene, an essential subunit of the phagocyte nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase that generates superoxide anion.	Superoxides	166-182	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	44-48
7622845-1	1995	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn SOD), mitochondrial enzyme, defends against the toxic effects of superoxide radical (O2.-) in pathological processes by catalyzing the conversion of O2.- to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	184-186	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-38
8775911-8	1995	The superoxide radical-SOD system might play an important role in ovulation and in the luteal function of the human ovary.	Superoxides	4-14	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	23-26
16804062-10	2006	Taken together, increased polyol pathway flux through AR is a major contributing factor in the early signs of diabetic neuropathy, possibly through depletion of glutathione, increased superoxide accumulation, increased JNK activation, and DNA damage.	Superoxides	184-194	aldo-keto reductase family 1, member B3 (aldose reductase)	Mus musculus	54-56
14973143-11	2004	We conclude that the TNF-alpha/TNFR1 system impairs HERG/I(Kr) function mainly by stimulating reactive oxygen species, particularly superoxide anion, but not by altering HERG expression; the effect may contribute to APD prolongation by TNF-alpha and may be a novel mechanism for electrophysiological abnormalities and sudden death in CHF.	Superoxides	132-148	tumor necrosis factor	Canis lupus familiaris	21-30
7616102-1	1995	Cytosolic components of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase (p47phox, p67phox, and Rac2) translocate to the plasma membrane on cell activation where they interact with a membrane-bound cytochrome b to generate superoxide anion.	Superoxides	202-218	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	62-69
15081540-5	2004	Not surprisingly, Hsp90 inhibitors behave as immunosuppressants, and also cause an induction of superoxide production.	Superoxides	96-106	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	18-23
14993144-0	2004	Opposing roles of p47phox in basal versus angiotensin II-stimulated alterations in vascular O2- production, vascular tone, and mitogen-activated protein kinase activation.	Superoxides	92-94	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	18-25
7474549-4	1995	Analysis by electron spin resonance spectrometry indicated that NPH4 scavenged superoxide anion radicals and hydroxyl radicals as well.	Superoxides	79-104	neurexophilin 4	Rattus norvegicus	64-68
14757147-0	2004	Angiotensin II stimulates superoxide production via both angiotensin AT1A and AT1B receptors in mouse aorta and heart.	Superoxides	26-36	angiotensin II receptor, type 1b	Mus musculus	78-82
14757147-1	2004	The present study was conducted to determine the roles of angiotensin AT(1A) and AT(1B) receptors in angiotensin II-induced superoxide anion production in mouse aorta and heart.	Superoxides	124-140	angiotensin II receptor, type 1b	Mus musculus	81-86
14757147-9	2004	These results indicate that angiotensin II stimulates superoxide anion production via both angiotensin AT(1A) and AT(1B) receptors, and that angiotensin AT(1A) receptors appear to play a predominant role in angiotensin II-induced superoxide anion production in mouse aorta and heart.	Superoxides	54-70	angiotensin II receptor, type 1b	Mus musculus	114-119
7797591-3	1995	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a mitochondrial enzyme involved in scavenging O2..-.	Superoxides	88-90	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
14706836-0	2004	Production of endogenous matrix superoxide from mitochondrial complex I leads to activation of uncoupling protein 3.	Superoxides	32-42	uncoupling protein 3	Rattus norvegicus	95-115
14706836-4	2004	Addition of GDP to inhibit UCP3 markedly inhibited proton conductance and increased superoxide production.	Superoxides	84-94	uncoupling protein 3	Rattus norvegicus	27-31
7797591-3	1995	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a mitochondrial enzyme involved in scavenging O2..-.	Superoxides	88-90	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
7757201-1	1995	The oxidized intermediates generated upon exposure of bovine liver catalase to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide radical (O2-) fluxes were examined with UV-visible spectrophotometry.	Superoxides	108-126	catalase	Bos taurus	67-75
14706836-6	2004	Thus, endogenous superoxide can activate the proton conductance of UCP3, which in turn limits mitochondrial superoxide production.	Superoxides	17-27	uncoupling protein 3	Rattus norvegicus	67-71
14706836-6	2004	Thus, endogenous superoxide can activate the proton conductance of UCP3, which in turn limits mitochondrial superoxide production.	Superoxides	108-118	uncoupling protein 3	Rattus norvegicus	67-71
14555723-3	2003	In the present study, a null mutation of gp91phox in neutrophils prevented superoxide production in cytotoxicity assays in which muscle cells were targets, and prevented most neutrophil-mediated cytolysis of muscle cells in comparison to wild-type neutrophils in vitro.	Superoxides	75-85	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	41-45
7757201-1	1995	The oxidized intermediates generated upon exposure of bovine liver catalase to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide radical (O2-) fluxes were examined with UV-visible spectrophotometry.	Superoxides	100-102	catalase	Bos taurus	67-75
12791678-0	2003	Superoxide-dependent iron uptake: a new role for anion exchange protein 2.	Superoxides	0-10	solute carrier family 4 member 2	Homo sapiens	49-73
7757201-3	1995	Serial overlay of absorption spectra in the Soret (350-450 nm) and visible (450-700 nm) regions showed that three oxidized intermediates, namely Compounds I, II and III, can be observed upon exposure of catalase to enzymatically generated H2O2 and O2-.	Superoxides	241-243	catalase	Bos taurus	203-211
12791678-2	2003	We tested the hypothesis that human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells import non-transferrin-bound iron (NTBI) using superoxide-dependent ferri-reductase activity involving anion exchange protein 2 (AE2) and extracellular bicarbonate (HCO3-).	Superoxides	116-126	solute carrier family 4 member 2	Homo sapiens	172-196
12791678-2	2003	We tested the hypothesis that human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells import non-transferrin-bound iron (NTBI) using superoxide-dependent ferri-reductase activity involving anion exchange protein 2 (AE2) and extracellular bicarbonate (HCO3-).	Superoxides	116-126	solute carrier family 4 member 2	Homo sapiens	198-201
7757201-4	1995	Compound I is formed during the reaction of native enzyme with H2O2 and disappears in two ways: (i) via the catalytic reaction with H2O2 to restore native catalase and (ii) via the reaction with O2- to form Compound II.	Superoxides	65-67	catalase	Bos taurus	155-163
7533819-12	1995	Similarly to LPS, E. coli caused stronger O2- production with heat-inactivated serum than without, and this effect was blocked by anti-CD14 antibodies.	Superoxides	42-44	CD14 molecule	Homo sapiens	135-139
14588154-5	2003	By influencing the activity of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and AKT, NADPH oxidase-derived O(2) .- increases the expression of several pro-arteriosclerotic genes, such as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, tissue factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor.	Superoxides	99-103	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	179-213
14588154-5	2003	By influencing the activity of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and AKT, NADPH oxidase-derived O(2) .- increases the expression of several pro-arteriosclerotic genes, such as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, tissue factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor.	Superoxides	99-103	coagulation factor III, tissue factor	Homo sapiens	215-228
7533819-13	1995	In conclusion, these data indicate that LPS directly stimulates O2- production in human monocytes via CD14 depending on LBP.	Superoxides	64-66	CD14 molecule	Homo sapiens	102-106
7531746-5	1995	Superoxide production of PBNs stimulated with fMLP in vitro was lower in G-CSF-treated rats than in control rats but higher than in the controls when PENs were used.	Superoxides	0-10	colony stimulating factor 3	Rattus norvegicus	73-78
12877653-3	2003	The NAD(P)H oxidase system generates superoxide anions in vascular cells; however, the role of the C242T polymorphism of the NAD(P)H oxidase p22 phox gene in ischaemic heart disease is unclear due to contradictory results from case-control studies.	Superoxides	37-54	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	141-149
7484097-4	1995	These results suggest that the increased Mn SOD immunoreactivity in MKHD reflects enzyme induction as a protective mechanism against the highly toxic superoxide anion generated under the disease conditions.	Superoxides	150-166	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	41-47
12904598-8	2003	Superoxide production in response to multivalent C1q by neonatal neutrophils was also comparable to adult cells.	Superoxides	0-10	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	49-52
14551246-5	2003	Left ventricular (LV) ASK1 was activated by Ang II infusion in wild-type mice, which was mediated by angiotensin II type 1 receptor and superoxide.	Superoxides	136-146	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Mus musculus	22-26
7964476-5	1994	In vitro, the autoantibodies were shown to inhibit the dismutation of superoxide radicals by blocking MnSOD.	Superoxides	70-80	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	102-107
14550916-5	2003	Even though the exact functions of c-myb in the normal and pathological states were not clearly revealed until now, we think that the increase in c-myb expression in the mutant mice could be due to the compensate mechanism of the astrocytes for the reduced defence against superoxide toxicity because the only known function of c-myb was its correlation with the prevention of programmed cell death, which could be deduced from the previous studies.	Superoxides	273-283	myeloblastosis oncogene	Mus musculus	146-151
8077189-10	1994	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is thought to be the sole enzymic scavenger of superoxide in mammalian mitochondria.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
14530369-4	2003	We found that superoxide production elicited by FMLP in Vav1(-/-) murine neutrophils isolated from either bone marrow or from peritoneal exudates was substantially reduced compared with that of wild type.	Superoxides	14-24	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	56-60
7943250-0	1994	Concurrent generation of nitric oxide and superoxide damages surfactant protein A.	Superoxides	42-52	surfactant protein A1	Homo sapiens	61-81
12933702-2	2003	The relevance of extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD) for the detoxification of vascular O2.- is unknown.	Superoxides	95-97	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	17-51
12933702-2	2003	The relevance of extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD) for the detoxification of vascular O2.- is unknown.	Superoxides	95-97	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	53-58
7943250-3	1994	The simultaneous generation of .NO and superoxide by 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1, 0.1-2 mM) resulted in oxidation of dihydrorhodamine, a marker of peroxynitrite production, and a dose-dependent decrease in the ability of SP-A to enhance lipid aggregation.	Superoxides	39-49	surfactant protein A1	Homo sapiens	224-228
12933702-9	2003	Vascular O2.-, as measured by lucigenin chemiluminescence, was higher in ecSOD-/- compared with ecSOD+/+ mice and was increased by clipping.	Superoxides	9-11	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	73-78
12933702-9	2003	Vascular O2.-, as measured by lucigenin chemiluminescence, was higher in ecSOD-/- compared with ecSOD+/+ mice and was increased by clipping.	Superoxides	9-11	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	96-101
7802603-0	1994	[Interleukin-5-induced generation of superoxide by eosinophils in asthma].	Superoxides	37-47	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	1-14
12933702-12	2003	These data reveal that endogenous ecSOD is a major antagonistic principle to vascular O2.-, controlling blood pressure and vascular function in angiotensin II-dependent models of hypertension.	Superoxides	86-88	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	34-39
14522051-5	2003	The neoglycoproteins were tested for their ability to interact with human FcgammaRI by inhibiting superoxide production by gamma-interferon-stimulated U937 cells.	Superoxides	98-108	Fc gamma receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	74-83
7802603-6	1994	Eosinophils generated superoxide in response to IL-3 and IL-5 (maximum concentration was 50 ng/ml), but neutrophils did not.	Superoxides	22-32	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	57-61
12928592-11	2003	Our results demonstrate that the inhibition of scoparone on LPS-induced TF expression in HUVECs may mediate by the mechanisms suppressing superoxide anion formation and TF transcription.	Superoxides	138-154	coagulation factor III, tissue factor	Homo sapiens	72-74
12788061-4	2003	Real-time PCR analysis revealed that TPT augmented the expression not only of CD18 but also of components of superoxide-generating NADPH-oxidase, p47phox, 2.7-fold, and p67phox, 2.0-fold, and of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor (G-CSFR), 3.0-fold, whereas various other endocrine disruptors, including parathion, vinclozolin, and bisphenol A, had no such enhancing effects.	Superoxides	109-119	colony stimulating factor 3 receptor	Homo sapiens	195-241
12788061-4	2003	Real-time PCR analysis revealed that TPT augmented the expression not only of CD18 but also of components of superoxide-generating NADPH-oxidase, p47phox, 2.7-fold, and p67phox, 2.0-fold, and of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor (G-CSFR), 3.0-fold, whereas various other endocrine disruptors, including parathion, vinclozolin, and bisphenol A, had no such enhancing effects.	Superoxides	109-119	colony stimulating factor 3 receptor	Homo sapiens	243-249
12771544-8	2003	In contrast, PAF-induced superoxide generation was inhibited by treatment with BisI, myr-psiPKC and rottlerin.	Superoxides	25-35	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	13-16
7802603-7	1994	IL-5-induced superoxide generation was lower in the presence of IL-5 antibodies.	Superoxides	13-23	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	0-4
12657628-0	2003	Proteins homologous to p47phox and p67phox support superoxide production by NAD(P)H oxidase 1 in colon epithelial cells.	Superoxides	51-61	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	23-30
7802603-7	1994	IL-5-induced superoxide generation was lower in the presence of IL-5 antibodies.	Superoxides	13-23	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	64-68
7802603-10	1994	After stimulation with the optimal concentration of IL-5 or PMA, eosinophils with a lower density generated significantly more superoxide than those with a higher density.	Superoxides	127-137	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	52-56
8093097-0	1994	Evidence that inhibition of phorbol ester-induced superoxide anion formation by cyclosporin A in phagocytes is not mediated by direct inhibition of protein kinase C. Cyclosporin A (CsA) has been reported to inhibit phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-induced superoxide anion (O2-) formation in human neutrophils and murine macrophages.	Superoxides	255-271	ERCC excision repair 8, CSA ubiquitin ligase complex subunit	Homo sapiens	181-184
12941159-8	2003	Further, we identified an increase in the level of superoxide and peroxynitrite in endothelial cells exposed to NO that was reduced by p21ras C118S transient transfection.	Superoxides	51-61	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	135-138
12941159-9	2003	Conversely, levels of superoxide and peroxynitrite could be increased by the over expression of wild type p21ras.	Superoxides	22-32	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	106-112
12941159-11	2003	Finally, results also demonstrated that eNOS itself was a significant producer of superoxide, and that this appeared to be related to a p21ras-dependent increase in phosphorylation of Ser1177.	Superoxides	82-92	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	136-142
8093097-0	1994	Evidence that inhibition of phorbol ester-induced superoxide anion formation by cyclosporin A in phagocytes is not mediated by direct inhibition of protein kinase C. Cyclosporin A (CsA) has been reported to inhibit phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-induced superoxide anion (O2-) formation in human neutrophils and murine macrophages.	Superoxides	273-275	ERCC excision repair 8, CSA ubiquitin ligase complex subunit	Homo sapiens	181-184
8093097-1	1994	We found that CsA inhibited O2- formation in HL-60 cells induced by PMA (30 nM) and phorbol dibutyrate (200 nM) with a half-maximal effect at 1 and 0.75 microM, respectively.	Superoxides	28-30	ERCC excision repair 8, CSA ubiquitin ligase complex subunit	Homo sapiens	14-17
8093097-5	1994	These data show that CsA inhibits phorbol ester-induced O2- formation in HL-60 cells but not other phorbol ester-mediated events and that inhibition by CsA of O2- formation cannot readily be attributed to direct PKC inhibition.	Superoxides	56-58	ERCC excision repair 8, CSA ubiquitin ligase complex subunit	Homo sapiens	21-24
8093097-5	1994	These data show that CsA inhibits phorbol ester-induced O2- formation in HL-60 cells but not other phorbol ester-mediated events and that inhibition by CsA of O2- formation cannot readily be attributed to direct PKC inhibition.	Superoxides	159-161	ERCC excision repair 8, CSA ubiquitin ligase complex subunit	Homo sapiens	152-155
12750906-0	2003	ML-7 inhibits exocytosis of superoxide-producing intracellular compartments in human neutrophils stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate in a myosin light chain kinase-independent manner.	Superoxides	28-38	solute carrier family 25 member 16	Homo sapiens	0-4
12750906-2	2003	In the present study, we demonstrated that ML-7 affects the superoxide (O(2)(-))-producing system of human neutrophils in an MLCK-independent manner.	Superoxides	60-70	solute carrier family 25 member 16	Homo sapiens	43-47
16816114-5	2006	Superoxide and hydrogen peroxide were generated at increased levels in GD3 synthase gene transfectants in comparison with empty vector (EV) -transfected VSMC.	Superoxides	0-10	GRDX	Homo sapiens	71-74
7963812-2	1994	A 30-min/37 degrees C exposure to menadione, a compound which redox cycles to produce superoxide anion radicals and hydrogen peroxide, resulted in rapid accumulation of hsc70 mRNA.	Superoxides	86-111	heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein	Cricetulus griseus	169-174
16633352-4	2006	MSP effects were compared with those induced by known AM stimuli, for example, phorbol myristate acetate, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, lipopolysaccharide.MSP evokes O(2)(-) production, cytokine release and NF-kappaB activation in a concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	177-184	macrophage stimulating 1	Homo sapiens	166-169
16633352-5	2006	By evaluating the respiratory burst, we demonstrate a significantly increased O(2)(-) production in AM from healthy smokers or smokers with pulmonary fibrosis, as compared to non-smokers, thus suggesting MSP as an enhancer of cigarette smoke toxicity.	Superoxides	78-82	macrophage stimulating 1	Homo sapiens	204-207
16460309-0	2006	Activation of the superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase requires co-operation between the tandem SH3 domains of p47phox in recognition of a polyproline type II helix and an adjacent alpha-helix of p22phox.	Superoxides	18-28	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	204-211
16460309-1	2006	Activation of the superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase, crucial for host defence, requires an SH3 (Src homology 3)-domain-mediated interaction of the regulatory protein p47phox with p22phox, a subunit of the oxidase catalytic core flavocytochrome b558.	Superoxides	18-28	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	190-197
16460309-4	2006	Deletion of the linker between the p47phox SH3 domains results not only in a defective binding to p22phox but also in a loss of the activity to support superoxide production.	Superoxides	152-162	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	98-105
16460309-7	2006	Amino acid substitution for any of the three residues in the p22phox PRR abrogates the superoxide-producing activity of the oxidase reconstituted in intact cells.	Superoxides	87-97	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	61-68
16551617-7	2006	The lower oxidative stress resulting from the decrease in cellular O2*- delayed the cell cycle at G1 and significantly slowed SPC-A-1 cell growth in association with the dephosphorylation of the serine-threonine protein kinase Akt and expression of p27kip1.	Superoxides	67-69	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1B	Homo sapiens	249-256
16551628-5	2006	An inhibitor of Src kinase, PP2, significantly blocked S100B-induced activation of Src kinase, mitogen-activated protein kinases, transcription factors NF-kappaB and STAT3, superoxide production, tyrosine phosphorylation of Cav-1, VSMC migration, and expression of the pro-inflammatory genes monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and interleukin-6.	Superoxides	173-183	Rous sarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	16-19
16551628-5	2006	An inhibitor of Src kinase, PP2, significantly blocked S100B-induced activation of Src kinase, mitogen-activated protein kinases, transcription factors NF-kappaB and STAT3, superoxide production, tyrosine phosphorylation of Cav-1, VSMC migration, and expression of the pro-inflammatory genes monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and interleukin-6.	Superoxides	173-183	neuropeptide Y receptor Y6	Mus musculus	28-31
16551628-5	2006	An inhibitor of Src kinase, PP2, significantly blocked S100B-induced activation of Src kinase, mitogen-activated protein kinases, transcription factors NF-kappaB and STAT3, superoxide production, tyrosine phosphorylation of Cav-1, VSMC migration, and expression of the pro-inflammatory genes monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and interleukin-6.	Superoxides	173-183	S100 protein, beta polypeptide, neural	Mus musculus	55-60
16464536-7	2006	Cisplatin also increased the expression of cochlear NOX3 mRNA, a member of the superoxide generating NADPH oxidase family of proteins recently identified in the cochlea, inhibition of which decreased kidney injury molecule-1 expression.	Superoxides	79-89	hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	200-224
16646023-2	2006	METHODS: Superoxide release from neutrophils binding to purified P-selectin or to tumor necrosis factor-activated endothelial cells was measured under flow or static conditions using the superoxide dismutase (SOD)-inhibitable reduction of ferricytochrome c. Neutrophils were activated with fMLP, normal IgG, or ANCA IgG.	Superoxides	9-19	selectin P	Homo sapiens	65-75
16646023-5	2006	RESULTS: ANCA IgG or fMLP induced superoxide release when perfused over neutrophils that were rolling over P-selectin, but not those that were binding to endothelial cells.	Superoxides	34-44	selectin P	Homo sapiens	107-117
16806053-4	2006	Here we examine critically the evidence that UCP1, UCP2 and UCP3 are stimulated by ROS (superoxide) or ROS products (4-hydroxy-2-nonenal), and that the UCPs actually diminish oxidative damage.	Superoxides	88-98	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	45-49
16643434-9	2006	Superoxide anion scavenging by superoxide dismutase (SOD) attenuated the hyperglycaemic enhancement of platelet P-selectin expression, but did not counteract the enhancement of TRAP-induced platelet fibrinogen binding.	Superoxides	0-16	selectin P	Homo sapiens	112-122
16643434-13	2006	This occurred via superoxide anion production, which enhanced platelet P-selectin expression (secretion), and PKC signalling, which enhanced TRAP-induced fibrinogen binding (aggregablity).	Superoxides	18-34	selectin P	Homo sapiens	71-81
16451799-7	2006	In hyperhomocysteinaemic rabbits there was a marked reduction of acetylcholine-stimulated relaxation and an increase in superoxide formation that were both inhibited with superoxide dismutase and apocynin, an NADPH oxidase inhibitor.	Superoxides	120-130	NADPH oxidase 1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	209-222
16451799-11	2006	These data indicate that hyperhomocysteinaemia augments the formation of arterial superoxide through an increase in NADPH oxidase expression/activity which in turn reduces NO bioavailability.	Superoxides	82-92	NADPH oxidase 1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	116-129
16405902-9	2006	fMLP- and AA-induced tyrosyl phosphorylation and translocation of the cytosolic proteins p47(phox), p67(phox), and rac to the cell membrane were suppressed in parallel with the suppression of the stimulus-induced superoxide generation.	Superoxides	213-223	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	89-92
16371425-1	2006	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3), a secretory copper enzyme, plays an important role in atherosclerosis and hypertension by modulating the levels of extracellular superoxide anion (O2*-) in the vasculature.	Superoxides	172-188	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	36-40
16371425-1	2006	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3), a secretory copper enzyme, plays an important role in atherosclerosis and hypertension by modulating the levels of extracellular superoxide anion (O2*-) in the vasculature.	Superoxides	190-192	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	36-40
16371425-10	2006	In conclusion, vascular MNK plays an essential role in full activity of SOD3 through transporting copper to SOD3 in the TGN, thereby regulating O2*- levels in the vasculature.	Superoxides	144-147	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	72-76
16390828-3	2006	Regression analysis showed that increases in aortic superoxide anion (O.-2) with aging were significantly correlated with changes in the expression and/or regulation of proteins involved in metabolic (AMPK-alpha), signaling (mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) along with c-Src), apoptotic (Bax, Bcl-2, Traf-2) and transcriptional (NF-kappaB) activities.	Superoxides	52-68	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	297-300
16449797-4	2006	Mechanistically, substance P (10(-13)-10(-14) M) activated microglial NADPH oxidase to produce extracellular superoxide and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS).	Superoxides	109-119	tachykinin 1	Mus musculus	17-28
16380530-9	2006	Intracellular superoxide generation was enhanced after leptin treatment, which was partially blocked by apocynin, BQ123, or BQ788.	Superoxides	14-24	leptin	Mus musculus	55-61
16085125-8	2006	Additionally, cells over-expressing MYC had elevated levels of intracellular superoxide, which was significantly quenched by Vitamin C or the selective superoxide quencher, Tiron.	Superoxides	77-87	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	36-39
16085125-8	2006	Additionally, cells over-expressing MYC had elevated levels of intracellular superoxide, which was significantly quenched by Vitamin C or the selective superoxide quencher, Tiron.	Superoxides	152-162	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	36-39
16085125-10	2006	Our studies implicate a role for ROS, and superoxide in particular, in MYC-elicited oxidative DNA damage and cellular transformation, and point to a pharmacological role of antioxidants in cancer chemoprevention.	Superoxides	42-52	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	71-74
16329999-13	2006	Thus, upregulation of HO-1 and overproduction of CO may allow the survival of LPS-stimulated macrophages; first, by eliminating the free heme to prevent Fenton reaction, second, by limiting the availability of free heme required for induction of NO-producing heme enzyme (i.e., iNOS), third, by limiting additional production of O(2)(-) and NO via CO-derived inhibition on the activities of heme enzymes like NADPH oxidase and iNOS, respectively.	Superoxides	329-333	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	22-26
16289341-9	2006	The superoxide detection assay (SoDA) described in this paper provides a semi-quantitative, easily measured, early indicator of altered ROS production that can be used in conjunction with simultaneous in ovo measurements of CYP1A activity and embryo development to explore functional relationships among biochemical, physiological and developmental responses to AHR ligands.	Superoxides	4-14	cytochrome P450 1A1	Fundulus heteroclitus	224-229
16204621-3	2005	However, this production of O2- is dependent on translocation of the oxidase subunits, including gp91phox, p22phox, p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and Rac2 from the cytosol or specific granules to the plasma membrane.	Superoxides	28-30	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	107-114
16204621-3	2005	However, this production of O2- is dependent on translocation of the oxidase subunits, including gp91phox, p22phox, p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and Rac2 from the cytosol or specific granules to the plasma membrane.	Superoxides	28-30	neutrophil cytosolic factor 4	Homo sapiens	134-141
16271517-6	2005	More interestingly, these signaling events are modulated by NAD(P)H oxidase-derived superoxide anions which directly phosphorylate JAK2 and thereby control JAK2 activity.	Superoxides	84-101	Janus kinase 2	Mus musculus	131-135
16271517-6	2005	More interestingly, these signaling events are modulated by NAD(P)H oxidase-derived superoxide anions which directly phosphorylate JAK2 and thereby control JAK2 activity.	Superoxides	84-101	Janus kinase 2	Mus musculus	156-160
16179591-9	2005	Aortic and cardiac O2*- production was significantly increased in eNOS-Tg mice compared with wild type but was normalized after NOS inhibition with Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME), suggesting O2*- production by uncoupled eNOS.	Superoxides	19-21	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	66-70
16179591-9	2005	Aortic and cardiac O2*- production was significantly increased in eNOS-Tg mice compared with wild type but was normalized after NOS inhibition with Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME), suggesting O2*- production by uncoupled eNOS.	Superoxides	19-23	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	66-70
15900020-12	2005	These findings indicate that superoxide anion contributes to the elevated RVR and increased arterial blood pressure, by a mechanism that is at least in part nitric oxide dependent, in Cyp1a1-Ren2 rats with malignant hypertension.	Superoxides	29-45	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	184-190
16186389-0	2005	Gene delivery of Tim44 reduces mitochondrial superoxide production and ameliorates neointimal proliferation of injured carotid artery in diabetic rats.	Superoxides	45-55	translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 44	Homo sapiens	17-22
15890626-6	2005	Under conditions of oxidative stress, caused by the superoxide-generating agent methyl viologen, growth of worms lacking nnt-1 activity was severely impaired.	Superoxides	52-62	Proton-translocating NAD(P)(+) transhydrogenase	Caenorhabditis elegans	121-126
15968398-3	2005	In this study, we report that platelets express syndecan-4, an antithrombin-binding cell surface heparan sulphate proteoglycan, whose ligation with antithrombin inhibits activated platelet-dependent superoxide anion release from neutrophils by the limitation of adenosine diphosphate and adenosine triphosphate secretion in activated platelets.	Superoxides	199-215	serpin family C member 1	Homo sapiens	63-75
15968398-3	2005	In this study, we report that platelets express syndecan-4, an antithrombin-binding cell surface heparan sulphate proteoglycan, whose ligation with antithrombin inhibits activated platelet-dependent superoxide anion release from neutrophils by the limitation of adenosine diphosphate and adenosine triphosphate secretion in activated platelets.	Superoxides	199-215	serpin family C member 1	Homo sapiens	148-160
15862713-0	2005	Endothelial nitric oxide synthase protects the post-ischemic liver: potential interactions with superoxide.	Superoxides	96-106	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	0-33
15806312-10	2005	One mechanism by which the increased NO concentrations could have contributed to the decrease in Na+,K+ATPase activity, after the addition of LPS or SNAP, is via the production of peroxynitrite during the reaction of NO with superoxide.	Superoxides	225-235	interferon regulatory factor 6	Homo sapiens	142-145
12750906-2	2003	In the present study, we demonstrated that ML-7 affects the superoxide (O(2)(-))-producing system of human neutrophils in an MLCK-independent manner.	Superoxides	72-79	solute carrier family 25 member 16	Homo sapiens	43-47
12750906-5	2003	Fluorescence microscopy revealed the generation of O(2)(-) at intracellular compartments in the stimulated cells exposed to ML-7.	Superoxides	51-55	solute carrier family 25 member 16	Homo sapiens	124-128
12750906-9	2003	These findings indicate that ML-7 inhibits the fusion of the oxidant-producing intracellular compartments to the plasma membrane resulting in the inhibition of the extracellular release of O(2)(-) in PMA-stimulated human neutrophils in an MLCK-independent manner.	Superoxides	189-193	solute carrier family 25 member 16	Homo sapiens	29-33
12784910-3	2003	Since, it has been found that exogenous growth hormone (GH) primes neutrophils for the production of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) and in particular superoxide (O2-), we investigated the role of GH on the production of O2- in T cells.	Superoxides	155-165	growth hormone	Mus musculus	56-58
12784910-3	2003	Since, it has been found that exogenous growth hormone (GH) primes neutrophils for the production of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) and in particular superoxide (O2-), we investigated the role of GH on the production of O2- in T cells.	Superoxides	167-169	growth hormone	Mus musculus	40-54
12784910-3	2003	Since, it has been found that exogenous growth hormone (GH) primes neutrophils for the production of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) and in particular superoxide (O2-), we investigated the role of GH on the production of O2- in T cells.	Superoxides	225-227	growth hormone	Mus musculus	40-54
12784910-5	2003	Our studies show that overexpression of GH in EL4, a T-cell lymphoma cell line, results in a decrease in the production of O2- compared to control cells, as detected using the fluorescent dye, dihydroethidium.	Superoxides	123-125	growth hormone	Mus musculus	40-42
12784910-7	2003	However, treatment with diallyl sulfide, an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 2E1 mimicked the reduction in O2- production seen in cells overexpressing GH.	Superoxides	103-105	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Mus musculus	57-76
12784910-7	2003	However, treatment with diallyl sulfide, an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 2E1 mimicked the reduction in O2- production seen in cells overexpressing GH.	Superoxides	103-105	growth hormone	Mus musculus	147-149
12784910-9	2003	Both the decrease in O2- production and the lower CYP2E1 activity in GH overexpressing cells could be abrogated by treatment with N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase.	Superoxides	21-23	growth hormone	Mus musculus	69-71
12718913-5	2003	Antisense magnetofection against p22(phox) significantly decreased basal and prevented stimulated superoxide release due to loss of NAD(P)H-oxidase activity by mRNA knockout as assessed after 24 h. Knockout of endothelial phosphatase SHP-1 and connexin 37 proteins confirmed the method"s efficiency.	Superoxides	98-108	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	33-36
12654483-5	2003	The 13-HPODE-induced increase in O2*- was blocked by transfecting the cells with antisense oligonucleotides against p22phox, suggesting that the O2*- was produced by NAD(P)H oxidase.	Superoxides	33-35	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	116-123
12654483-7	2003	Treatment with superoxide dismutase or Tiron to scavenge O2*-, or transfection with p22phox antisense oligonucleotides to inhibit O2*- production, attenuated 13-HPODE-induced cytotoxicity, but not that induced by 4-HNE.	Superoxides	130-134	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	84-91
12731668-0	2003	Serine protease inhibitors inhibit superoxide release and adherence in human neutrophils stimulated by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.	Superoxides	35-45	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	103-151
12731668-1	2003	Stimulation of human neutrophils with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) results in increased superoxide (O2-) release and adherence.	Superoxides	154-164	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	38-86
12731668-1	2003	Stimulation of human neutrophils with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) results in increased superoxide (O2-) release and adherence.	Superoxides	154-164	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	88-94
12731668-1	2003	Stimulation of human neutrophils with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) results in increased superoxide (O2-) release and adherence.	Superoxides	166-168	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	38-86
12731668-1	2003	Stimulation of human neutrophils with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) results in increased superoxide (O2-) release and adherence.	Superoxides	166-168	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	88-94
12654610-1	2003	BACKGROUND: Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) impairs endothelial cell function by uncoupling endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity, which allows superoxide anion (O2*-)) to be generated rather than nitric oxide (*NO).	Superoxides	154-170	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	90-123
12654610-1	2003	BACKGROUND: Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) impairs endothelial cell function by uncoupling endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity, which allows superoxide anion (O2*-)) to be generated rather than nitric oxide (*NO).	Superoxides	154-170	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	125-129
12654610-1	2003	BACKGROUND: Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) impairs endothelial cell function by uncoupling endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity, which allows superoxide anion (O2*-)) to be generated rather than nitric oxide (*NO).	Superoxides	172-175	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	90-123
12654610-1	2003	BACKGROUND: Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) impairs endothelial cell function by uncoupling endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity, which allows superoxide anion (O2*-)) to be generated rather than nitric oxide (*NO).	Superoxides	172-175	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	125-129
12372827-2	2002	Superoxide activates nucleotide-sensitive mitochondrial proton transport through the uncoupling proteins UCP1, UCP2, and UCP3 (Echtay, K. S., et al.	Superoxides	0-10	uncoupling protein 3	Rattus norvegicus	121-125
12482825-7	2002	Dihydroethidium fluorescence, a marker of superoxide, was elevated in Gpx1-/- mice fed the high-methionine diet (P&lt;0.05 versus Gpx1+/+ mice fed the control diet).	Superoxides	42-52	glutathione peroxidase 1	Mus musculus	70-74
12482831-6	2002	Macrophages and macrophage-derived foam cells expressed the 4 phox subunits that constitute superoxide-producing cytochrome b558-dependent NAD(P)H oxidase.	Superoxides	92-102	inhibitor of growth family member 1	Homo sapiens	62-66
12465160-12	2002	Since IL-17 is a NO-producing cytokine with additive effects when combined with IL-1, it may play a pivotal role in cartilage destruction during rheumatoid arthritis, for which infiltrating cells produce high levels of superoxide and proinflammatory cytokines.	Superoxides	219-229	interleukin 17A	Rattus norvegicus	6-11
12512689-5	2002	Furthermore, the C242T polymorphism in the NAD(P)H oxidase p22phox subunit is associated with significantly reduced superoxide production in patients carrying the 242T allele, suggesting a role for genetic variation in modulating vascular superoxide production.	Superoxides	116-126	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	59-66
12512689-5	2002	Furthermore, the C242T polymorphism in the NAD(P)H oxidase p22phox subunit is associated with significantly reduced superoxide production in patients carrying the 242T allele, suggesting a role for genetic variation in modulating vascular superoxide production.	Superoxides	239-249	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	59-66
12384455-1	2002	The present study tested the hypothesis that ceramide, a sphingomylinase metabolite, serves as an second messenger for tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) to stimulate superoxide production, thereby decreasing endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in coronary arteries.	Superoxides	172-182	tumor necrosis factor	Bos taurus	119-146
12384455-1	2002	The present study tested the hypothesis that ceramide, a sphingomylinase metabolite, serves as an second messenger for tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) to stimulate superoxide production, thereby decreasing endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in coronary arteries.	Superoxides	172-182	tumor necrosis factor	Bos taurus	148-157
12384455-7	2002	We conclude that TNF-alpha inhibits NO-mediated endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in small coronary arteries via sphingomyelinase activation and consequent superoxide production in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	159-169	tumor necrosis factor	Bos taurus	17-26
12391244-3	2002	To investigate the molecular mechanisms of the responses of eosinophils to PAF, we analyzed superoxide anion production by a chemiluminescence method that provides real-time kinetic data for the cellular responses.	Superoxides	92-108	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	75-78
12391244-4	2002	We found that PAF induced bimodal superoxide anion production in human eosinophils, consisting of an intense, but transient, first phase and a larger and sustained second phase.	Superoxides	34-50	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	14-17
12215380-4	2002	In order to evaluate the Syk kinase inhibitors in a human cell system, we have developed an assay with human monocytic cell line, U937, to monitor FcgammaRI-mediated superoxide production.	Superoxides	166-176	Fc gamma receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	147-156
12215380-6	2002	Engagement of FcgammaRI stimulated superoxide production, which was accompanied with Syk phosphorylation.	Superoxides	35-45	Fc gamma receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	14-23
12215380-8	2002	Moreover, the treatment of cells with antisense oligonucleotide against syk attenuated Syk protein expression and suppressed superoxide production induced by FcgammaRI-engagement, but not by PMA.	Superoxides	125-135	Fc gamma receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	158-167
12145295-6	2002	Lentivirus-induced overexpression of A53T mutant alpha-synuclein in differentiated MESC2.10 cells resulted in down-regulation of the vesicular dopamine transporter (VMAT2), decreased potassium-induced and increased amphetamine-induced dopamine release, enhanced cytoplasmic dopamine immunofluorescence, and increased intracellular levels of superoxide.	Superoxides	341-351	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	49-64
12225956-2	2002	In addition to regulating intracellular pH and cell volume, AE2 exports superoxide (O.)	Superoxides	72-82	solute carrier family 4 member 2	Homo sapiens	60-63
12239175-4	2002	Coincubation with the PI3-kinase inhibitor LY294002, which in parallel experiments abolished GM-CSF-primed, fMLP-stimulated superoxide anion production and GM-CSF-stimulated PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) accumulation, inhibited the GM-CSF and TNF-alpha survival effect.	Superoxides	124-140	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	93-99
12392993-11	2002	Cardiac and aortic superoxide production and cardiac expression of p67(phox) and gp91(phox) were significantly greater in MF1 mice compared with the other strains.	Superoxides	19-29	forkhead box C1	Mus musculus	122-125
12176910-7	2002	In addition to increasing receptor expression, GM-CSF treatment enhanced the interleukin 8 (IL-8) secretion and superoxide priming responses of neutrophils to stimulation with TLR2 ligands, including zymosan, peptidoglycan, and lipoarabinomannan.	Superoxides	112-122	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	47-53
12440767-6	2002	A defect in any of the genes encoding gp91phox, p22phox, p67phox or p47phox results in chronic granulomatous disease, a genetic disorder characterized by severe and recurrent infections, illustrating the role of O2- and the derived metabolites H2O2 and HOCl in host defense against invading microorganisms.	Superoxides	212-214	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	48-55
12119223-6	2002	GM-CSF therapy was associated with increased blood granulocyte superoxide production and restoration or preservation of blood and alveolar leukocyte phagocytic function.	Superoxides	63-73	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-6
12097406-11	2002	GM-CSF also enhanced superoxide production and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin release stimulated by the lower concentrations of immobilized lactoferrin.	Superoxides	21-31	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-6
12114322-6	2002	Superoxide production in DETCA-treated collared arteries was enhanced further by NADPH and was inhibited by diphenyleneiodonium, suggesting NADPH oxidase was the source of the radical in collared arteries.	Superoxides	0-10	NADPH oxidase 1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	140-153
12180126-7	2002	We interpret the alterations to be caused by a moderately increased consumption of nitric oxide by the superoxide radical in the EC-SOD null mice.	Superoxides	103-121	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	129-135
12180126-8	2002	One role of EC-SOD may be to preserve nitric oxide, a function that should be particularly important in vascular pathologies, in which large increases in superoxide formation have been documented.	Superoxides	154-164	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	12-18
15821440-0	2005	Mediation of the effect of nicotine on Kir6.1 channels by superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	58-74	potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 8	Homo sapiens	39-45
15821440-9	2005	The stimulatory effect of HX/XO on Kir6.1 current was abolished by tempol, a scavenger of O2.	Superoxides	90-92	potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 8	Homo sapiens	35-41
15821440-11	2005	In conclusion, nicotine stimulates Kir6.1 channel at least in part through the production of O2.	Superoxides	93-95	potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 8	Homo sapiens	35-41
15492012-4	2005	Immunoprecipitation and Western blotting analysis demonstrated that arsenic stimulation induced serine phosphorylation of p47phox, a key component of NADPH oxidase, indicating that arsenic induces O2* formation through NADPH oxidase activation.	Superoxides	197-199	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	122-129
15467005-0	2005	Superoxide scavenging attenuates renal responses to ANG II during nitric oxide synthase inhibition in anesthetized dogs.	Superoxides	0-10	ANG	Canis lupus familiaris	52-55
15467005-5	2005	These data demonstrate that renal responses to ANG II are partly mediated by O2- generation and its interaction with NO.	Superoxides	77-79	ANG	Canis lupus familiaris	47-50
15471985-0	2005	Endostatin uncouples NO and Ca2+ response to bradykinin through enhanced O2*- production in the intact coronary endothelium.	Superoxides	73-77	collagen type XVIII alpha 1 chain	Homo sapiens	0-10
15471985-1	2005	The present study tested the hypothesis that endostatin stimulates superoxide (O2*-) production through a ceramide-mediating signaling pathway and thereby results in an uncoupling of bradykinin (BK)-induced increases in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) from nitric oxide (NO) production in coronary endothelial cells.	Superoxides	67-77	collagen type XVIII alpha 1 chain	Homo sapiens	45-55
15471985-1	2005	The present study tested the hypothesis that endostatin stimulates superoxide (O2*-) production through a ceramide-mediating signaling pathway and thereby results in an uncoupling of bradykinin (BK)-induced increases in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) from nitric oxide (NO) production in coronary endothelial cells.	Superoxides	79-83	collagen type XVIII alpha 1 chain	Homo sapiens	45-55
15513930-2	2005	p47phox(-/-) mice, deficient in phagocyte NADPH oxidase and superoxide generation, received a single dose of the hepatocarcinogen diethylnitrosamine (DEN).	Superoxides	60-70	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	0-7
15662223-8	2005	Co-incubation with tiron, a superoxide scavenger, suggested that the attenuation of IGF-I vasodilation in SHRSP arteries was not due to excess superoxide production.	Superoxides	28-38	insulin-like growth factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	84-89
7798166-7	1994	Although xanthine dehydrogenase can produce greater amounts of superoxide anion than xanthine oxidase during xanthine-oxygen turnover, it seems to be physiologically insignificant because NAD inhibits almost completely the formation of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	63-79	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	9-31
15571180-5	2004	PATIENTS AND METHODS: To this end, the gene expression of p22phox, a NAD(P)H oxidase subunit closely linked with the generation of superoxide anions and of Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), induced by and protective from oxidative stress, were evaluated by RT-PCR in mononuclear cells from 5 patients under 3 times a week chronic bicarbonate dialysis.	Superoxides	131-148	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	58-65
15312990-4	2004	We aimed to investigate whether superoxide and peroxynitrite impacts on the expression and function of sGC and if such a mechanism occurs in a hypercholestemia-induced atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	32-42	guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2	Rattus norvegicus	103-106
15312990-6	2004	Furthermore, intracellular superoxide as generated by LY85385 almost completely inhibited sGC-activity and increased its expression.	Superoxides	27-37	guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2	Rattus norvegicus	90-93
8101796-3	1993	This study was carried out to compare a long-acting beta 2-agonist, formoterol, with a conventional short-acting one, salbutamol, on the release of superoxide anion (O2-) and bacterial killing by alveolar macrophages obtained with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from 20 patients with chronic bronchitis.	Superoxides	148-164	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	52-58
15459075-0	2004	Superoxide mediates sympathoexcitation in heart failure: roles of angiotensin II and NAD(P)H oxidase.	Superoxides	0-10	NADPH oxidase 1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	85-100
15509740-9	2004	gp120 coupled CXCR4 (CXC chemokine receptor 4) to induce NADPH oxidase-mediated production of superoxide radicals in neurons, which was involved in the activation of NSMase but not ASMase.	Superoxides	94-104	inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4	Homo sapiens	0-5
8101796-3	1993	This study was carried out to compare a long-acting beta 2-agonist, formoterol, with a conventional short-acting one, salbutamol, on the release of superoxide anion (O2-) and bacterial killing by alveolar macrophages obtained with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from 20 patients with chronic bronchitis.	Superoxides	166-168	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	52-58
15373923-9	2004	The stimulation of superoxide release by IgG1- and IgG3-ANCA subclass fractions is consistent with the proposed mechanism of co-ligation of PR3 antigen and FcgammaRIIa/IIIb receptors.	Superoxides	19-29	immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 3 (G3m marker)	Homo sapiens	51-55
7691787-7	1993	Significant augmenting effects of G-CSF on superoxide (O2-) production by TNF-stimulated neutrophils were observed.	Superoxides	43-53	colony stimulating factor 3 (granulocyte)	Mus musculus	34-39
15464300-10	2004	It has also been reported recently that UCP2 and UCP3 responses to superoxide application may be an antioxidant protective mechanism.	Superoxides	67-77	uncoupling protein 3	Rattus norvegicus	49-53
7691787-7	1993	Significant augmenting effects of G-CSF on superoxide (O2-) production by TNF-stimulated neutrophils were observed.	Superoxides	55-57	colony stimulating factor 3 (granulocyte)	Mus musculus	34-39
8394950-8	1993	Besides reducing the excessive O2- formation, methylprednisolone induced an increase in polymorph expression of the gene encoding for manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) enzyme.	Superoxides	31-33	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	134-164
15383592-5	2004	Superoxide (O(2)(-)) production was profoundly inhibited by Go6976, a cPKC inhibitor, and dramatically increased by the DGK inhibitor, R59949.	Superoxides	0-10	diacylglycerol kinase, beta	Mus musculus	120-123
15383592-5	2004	Superoxide (O(2)(-)) production was profoundly inhibited by Go6976, a cPKC inhibitor, and dramatically increased by the DGK inhibitor, R59949.	Superoxides	12-19	diacylglycerol kinase, beta	Mus musculus	120-123
8394950-8	1993	Besides reducing the excessive O2- formation, methylprednisolone induced an increase in polymorph expression of the gene encoding for manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) enzyme.	Superoxides	31-33	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	166-172
15464236-8	2004	The mechanisms of superoxide-induced apoptosis involved release of cytochrome c, increased Bax expression, increased caspase-3 activity, and hydrolysis of polyADP-ribose polymerase.	Superoxides	18-28	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	91-94
15220383-8	2004	Here, we show that removal of superoxide formation occurring in injured arteries reduces both neointima formation and LOX-1 expression and that this may represent a novel therapeutical approach in the treatment of vascular disorders in which proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and ox-LDL-related endothelial cell dysfunction occur.	Superoxides	30-40	oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	118-123
8394950-10	1993	Methylprednisolone normalizes the abnormal generation of O2-, likely through its ability to up-regulate the gene for Mn-SOD, a potent antioxidant enzyme.	Superoxides	57-59	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	117-123
15507762-4	2004	The translocation depends on a stimulus-induced conformational change of p47phox, which leads to the SH3 domain-mediated interaction with p22phox, a binding required for the gp91phox/Nox2-dependent superoxide production.	Superoxides	198-208	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	138-145
8397441-3	1993	Superoxide anion release by HHM phi showed a significant, positive correlation with the serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) level, whereas O2- release by MO showed only a weak correlation with the GPT level.	Superoxides	0-16	glutamic--pyruvic transaminase	Homo sapiens	94-125
15350821-5	2004	Furthermore, there was a strong positive correlation (r = 0.89, p &lt; 0.01 in ICAM-1 and r = 0.88, p &lt; 0.01 in VCAM-1) between ICAM-1/VCAM-1 expression and vascular production of superoxide.	Superoxides	183-193	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Mus musculus	115-121
15350821-5	2004	Furthermore, there was a strong positive correlation (r = 0.89, p &lt; 0.01 in ICAM-1 and r = 0.88, p &lt; 0.01 in VCAM-1) between ICAM-1/VCAM-1 expression and vascular production of superoxide.	Superoxides	183-193	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Mus musculus	138-144
15374618-3	2004	In a previous study, uric acid-generated superoxide anion was identified as one of the physiologically relevant inactivators of alpha2M S.A. Khan, F.H.	Superoxides	41-57	alpha-2-macroglobulin	Homo sapiens	128-135
8397441-3	1993	Superoxide anion release by HHM phi showed a significant, positive correlation with the serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) level, whereas O2- release by MO showed only a weak correlation with the GPT level.	Superoxides	0-16	glutamic--pyruvic transaminase	Homo sapiens	127-130
8392494-9	1993	Inhibition of MnSOD activity in PMN secondary to cytokine exposure in the asthmatic lung could explain, at least in part, the increased generation of superoxide from PMN obtained from asthmatics.	Superoxides	150-160	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	14-19
8396109-9	1993	A cytochrome P-450 inhibitor, SKF 525A, or the mitochondrial transport inhibitor antimycin decreased basal photoemission by approximately 50%, suggesting that cytochrome P-450-mediated reactions and perhaps mitochondrial function contribute to basal superoxide production in the isolated perfused lung.	Superoxides	250-260	cytochrome P-450	Oryctolagus cuniculus	2-18
15325298-1	2004	This study shows that hydroethidine (HE) used for the qualitative detection of superoxide anion can also be oxidized by heme proteins such as the mitochondrial cytochromes, hemoglobin, and myoglobin, forming spectrally nonhomogenous mixtures of HE-derived products of various oxidation states.	Superoxides	79-95	myoglobin	Homo sapiens	189-198
8396109-9	1993	A cytochrome P-450 inhibitor, SKF 525A, or the mitochondrial transport inhibitor antimycin decreased basal photoemission by approximately 50%, suggesting that cytochrome P-450-mediated reactions and perhaps mitochondrial function contribute to basal superoxide production in the isolated perfused lung.	Superoxides	250-260	cytochrome P-450	Oryctolagus cuniculus	159-175
15210651-2	2004	NADPH oxidase is the main source of superoxide in phagocytic and vascular cells, and the p22phox subunit is involved in NADPH oxidase activation.	Superoxides	36-46	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	89-96
8391055-2	1993	Platelet-activating factor (PAF) and recombinant bovine interleukin-1 beta (r-BoIL-1 beta) induced superoxide production and beta-glucosaminadase release in bovine neutrophils.	Superoxides	99-109	interleukin 1 beta	Bos taurus	56-74
1329770-9	1992	in GR inhibition, a superoxide generating system was utilized in the presence and absence of flavonoid.	Superoxides	20-30	glutathione-disulfide reductase	Homo sapiens	3-5
14993245-8	2004	Also, LA-mediated nuclear factor kappa B activation and E-selectin gene expression were suppressed by Mn (III) tetrakis (1-methyl-4-pyridyl) porphyrin pentachloride (a superoxide scavenger), N(G)-monomethyl-l-arginine (an endothelial nitric oxide synthase inhibitor), and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis (4-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrinato iron (III) chloride (a peroxynitrite scavenger).	Superoxides	168-178	selectin E	Homo sapiens	56-66
1328385-2	1992	An agonist-activated phospholipase D/phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase (PAH) pathway was recently demonstrated in human neutrophils, and evidence suggests that phosphatidic acid (PA) and/or diradylglycerol (DG) generated from this pathway participates in activation of the O2(-)-generating respiratory burst.	Superoxides	274-276	phenylalanine hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	35-71
14688028-10	2004	The nature of these species was investigated and revealed that cancer prone XPD fibroblasts produced higher amounts of O2*- and H2O2 and lower amounts of NO* and ONOO than normal fibroblasts.	Superoxides	119-122	ERCC excision repair 2, TFIIH core complex helicase subunit	Homo sapiens	76-79
1328385-2	1992	An agonist-activated phospholipase D/phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase (PAH) pathway was recently demonstrated in human neutrophils, and evidence suggests that phosphatidic acid (PA) and/or diradylglycerol (DG) generated from this pathway participates in activation of the O2(-)-generating respiratory burst.	Superoxides	274-276	phenylalanine hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	73-76
1333306-3	1992	A significant correlation was observed between elastase activity and superoxide release.	Superoxides	69-79	elastase, neutrophil expressed	Homo sapiens	47-55
15024088-7	2004	With HBP1 expression and the subsequent reduction in p47phox gene expression, intracellular superoxide production was correspondingly reduced.	Superoxides	92-102	HMG-box transcription factor 1	Homo sapiens	5-9
15024088-8	2004	Using both the wild type and a dominant-negative mutant of HBP1, we demonstrated that the repression of superoxide production through the NADPH oxidase contributed to the observed cell cycle inhibition by HBP1.	Superoxides	104-114	HMG-box transcription factor 1	Homo sapiens	59-63
15024088-8	2004	Using both the wild type and a dominant-negative mutant of HBP1, we demonstrated that the repression of superoxide production through the NADPH oxidase contributed to the observed cell cycle inhibition by HBP1.	Superoxides	104-114	HMG-box transcription factor 1	Homo sapiens	205-209
15024088-9	2004	Together, these results indicate that HBP1 may contribute to the regulation of NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production through transcriptional repression of the p47phox gene.	Superoxides	103-113	HMG-box transcription factor 1	Homo sapiens	38-42
1325381-2	1992	Purified (Na+ + K+)-ATPase was irreversibly inhibited upon exposure to hydrogen peroxide, the superoxide anion, and the hydroxyl radical.	Superoxides	94-110	dynein axonemal heavy chain 8	Homo sapiens	20-26
14505347-4	2003	Taken together, hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) rather than superoxide anion (O(2) (*-)) acts as a second messenger of metabolic oxidative stress to activate the ASK1-MAPK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) kinase (MEK)-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction pathway.	Superoxides	39-43	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Homo sapiens	159-163
13679868-5	2003	Taken together, these results demonstrate that there are at least two distinct apoptotic pathways: one dependent on O2-, which is induced by 2ME2 and is associated with release of cyto c and Smac; and the other an independent of O2-, which is triggered by Dex and associated with Smac release.	Superoxides	116-118	diablo IAP-binding mitochondrial protein	Homo sapiens	191-195
13679868-5	2003	Taken together, these results demonstrate that there are at least two distinct apoptotic pathways: one dependent on O2-, which is induced by 2ME2 and is associated with release of cyto c and Smac; and the other an independent of O2-, which is triggered by Dex and associated with Smac release.	Superoxides	116-118	diablo IAP-binding mitochondrial protein	Homo sapiens	280-284
1312328-8	1992	Mastoparan triggered superoxide radical production in a cytochalasin B-sensitive manner and induced complement type 3 receptor (CR3) up-regulation.	Superoxides	21-39	teratocarcinoma-derived growth factor 1 pseudogene 3	Homo sapiens	56-131
12842893-1	2003	Anti-Hsp90 ribozyme reveals a complex mechanism of Hsp90 inhibitors involving both superoxide- and Hsp90-dependent events.	Superoxides	83-93	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	5-10
12842893-1	2003	Anti-Hsp90 ribozyme reveals a complex mechanism of Hsp90 inhibitors involving both superoxide- and Hsp90-dependent events.	Superoxides	83-93	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	51-56
12842893-1	2003	Anti-Hsp90 ribozyme reveals a complex mechanism of Hsp90 inhibitors involving both superoxide- and Hsp90-dependent events.	Superoxides	83-93	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	51-56
1311550-7	1992	Pretreatment with IL-1 or LPS significantly increased superoxide anion production, C albicans phagocytosis, and survival compared with pretreatment with phosphate-buffered solution.	Superoxides	54-70	interleukin 1 complex	Mus musculus	18-22
14500388-0	2003	Dicumarol inhibition of NADPH:quinone oxidoreductase induces growth inhibition of pancreatic cancer via a superoxide-mediated mechanism.	Superoxides	106-116	crystallin zeta	Homo sapiens	30-52
1311175-3	1992	Enzymic reactions were studied in which Cu,Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD and Fe-SOD each competed with the spin trap 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline 1-oxide (DMPO) for superoxide anion (O2-) at pH 7.8 O2- from dissolved KO2 (potassium superoxide) in dimethyl sulphoxide was added directly to the enzyme solutions containing DMPO.	Superoxides	146-162	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	51-57
12920210-4	2003	Although leukocyte chemotaxis mediated by activated FPRL1 has been reported, the role of FPRL1 in superoxide generation remains to be studied.	Superoxides	98-108	formyl peptide receptor 2	Homo sapiens	89-94
12920210-8	2003	To understand this difference on superoxide generation via the same receptor, FPRL1, we compared the signaling pathways downstream of FPRL1 by the two different ligands.	Superoxides	33-43	formyl peptide receptor 2	Homo sapiens	78-83
12080323-4	2002	GCSF at a dosage of 30 to 100 ng/mL, a concentration range that primes superoxide release, stimulated a 60% to 100% increase in gelatinase release from tertiary granules but did not stimulate lactoferrin release from secondary granules.	Superoxides	71-81	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
1311175-3	1992	Enzymic reactions were studied in which Cu,Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD and Fe-SOD each competed with the spin trap 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline 1-oxide (DMPO) for superoxide anion (O2-) at pH 7.8 O2- from dissolved KO2 (potassium superoxide) in dimethyl sulphoxide was added directly to the enzyme solutions containing DMPO.	Superoxides	164-166	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	51-57
11937561-3	2002	In this work we study galectin-1 in its interaction with human neutrophils, with regard to both cell surface binding and activation of the superoxide-producing NADPH-oxidase.	Superoxides	139-149	galectin 1	Homo sapiens	22-32
1311175-3	1992	Enzymic reactions were studied in which Cu,Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD and Fe-SOD each competed with the spin trap 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline 1-oxide (DMPO) for superoxide anion (O2-) at pH 7.8 O2- from dissolved KO2 (potassium superoxide) in dimethyl sulphoxide was added directly to the enzyme solutions containing DMPO.	Superoxides	179-181	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	51-57
12934716-1	2003	The transcription of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), expression of which is essential for detoxification of superoxide radicals from mitochondria, has been shown to be regulated in vitro by many factors and conditions including oxidative stress, cytokines, lipopolysaccharide, cytoplasmic myc (c-myc), p53 and tumour necrosis factors.	Superoxides	31-41	Superoxide dismutase 2 (Mn)	Drosophila melanogaster	53-58
1311175-4	1992	The results show that, in this competition reaction system, the kinetics of the reactions between the enzymes and O2- follow a function y = f[( SOD]0.5).	Superoxides	114-116	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	144-147
1310696-0	1992	Growth hormone augments superoxide anion secretion of human neutrophils by binding to the prolactin receptor.	Superoxides	24-40	prolactin receptor	Homo sapiens	90-108
11943718-4	2002	Superoxide levels in the affected muscles were reduced by approximately 50% in eNOS-Tg compared with WT during reperfusion.	Superoxides	0-10	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	79-83
1337538-4	1992	In addition, bovine Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase was immobilised to PACE by passive adsorption and superoxide, generated by xanthine/xanthine oxidase, detected by oxidation of hydrogen peroxide produced by the enzymic dismutation of the superoxide radical.	Superoxides	235-253	superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Bos taurus	20-46
12676772-8	2003	These complexes likely function to stabilize sGC as well as to provide directed intracellular transfer of NO from NOS to sGC, thus preventing inactivation of NO by superoxide anion and formation of peroxynitrite, which is a toxic molecule that has been implicated in the pathology of several vascular diseases.	Superoxides	164-180	guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2	Rattus norvegicus	45-48
1654848-1	1991	Stable nitroxide radicals have been previously shown to function as superoxide dismutase (SOD)2 mimics and to protect mammalian cells against superoxide and hydrogen peroxide-mediated oxidative stress.	Superoxides	68-78	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	90-95
12676772-8	2003	These complexes likely function to stabilize sGC as well as to provide directed intracellular transfer of NO from NOS to sGC, thus preventing inactivation of NO by superoxide anion and formation of peroxynitrite, which is a toxic molecule that has been implicated in the pathology of several vascular diseases.	Superoxides	164-180	guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2	Rattus norvegicus	121-124
13678532-6	2003	The induction of HO-1 in monocytes suppresses not only Ang II-stimulated superoxide formation, but also Ang II-enhanced chemotactic activity.	Superoxides	73-83	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	17-21
11909695-4	2002	However, when C-12 lies deeper and is hence less available to O(2)(*-), the lactonic carbon C-2, which lies in a shallower region (E(T)(30) = 43-49), is the preferred site for superoxide-mediated cleavage.	Superoxides	62-66	complement C2	Homo sapiens	92-95
11909695-4	2002	However, when C-12 lies deeper and is hence less available to O(2)(*-), the lactonic carbon C-2, which lies in a shallower region (E(T)(30) = 43-49), is the preferred site for superoxide-mediated cleavage.	Superoxides	176-186	complement C2	Homo sapiens	92-95
13678534-8	2003	When STZ-treated animals were posttreated with a derivative of superoxide dismutase that stays in circulation without undergoing renal ultrafiltration, immunoreactivities to MoAb3221 but not to MoAb28131 increased markedly in diabetic retina, suggesting that superoxide cancels free NO for local sGC activation.	Superoxides	63-73	guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2	Rattus norvegicus	296-299
13678534-9	2003	These results provide evidence of aberrant utilization of NO and suggest that superoxide plays a role in interfering with NO-mediated sGC activation for phototransducing events in this neural tissue.	Superoxides	78-88	guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2	Rattus norvegicus	134-137
12716910-1	2003	The catalytic core of a superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase (Nox) in phagocytes is gp91phox/Nox2, a membrane-integrated protein that forms a heterodimer with p22phox to constitute flavocytochrome b558.	Superoxides	24-34	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	157-160
12784910-0	2003	The inhibition of superoxide production in EL4 lymphoma cells overexpressing growth hormone.	Superoxides	18-28	growth hormone	Mus musculus	77-91
12784910-3	2003	Since, it has been found that exogenous growth hormone (GH) primes neutrophils for the production of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) and in particular superoxide (O2-), we investigated the role of GH on the production of O2- in T cells.	Superoxides	155-165	growth hormone	Mus musculus	40-54
11784711-0	2002	Superoxide mediates shock wave induction of ERK-dependent osteogenic transcription factor (CBFA1) and mesenchymal cell differentiation toward osteoprogenitors.	Superoxides	0-10	EPH receptor B2	Homo sapiens	44-47
11784711-8	2002	Further studies demonstrated that ESW induced ERK activation, and blockage of O(2)(-) production or inhibition of tyrosine kinase, but not protein kinase A and C inhibitors, suppressed ESW-induced ERK activation.	Superoxides	78-82	EPH receptor B2	Homo sapiens	197-200
11784711-9	2002	In support that O(2)(-) mediated the ESW-induced ERK activation and osteogenic differentiation, we further demonstrated that scavenging of O(2)(-) by superoxide dismutase and inhibition of ERK activation by PD98059 decreased specific osteogenic transcription factor, core binding factor A1 activation, and decreased osteocalcin expression.	Superoxides	16-20	EPH receptor B2	Homo sapiens	49-52
11784711-9	2002	In support that O(2)(-) mediated the ESW-induced ERK activation and osteogenic differentiation, we further demonstrated that scavenging of O(2)(-) by superoxide dismutase and inhibition of ERK activation by PD98059 decreased specific osteogenic transcription factor, core binding factor A1 activation, and decreased osteocalcin expression.	Superoxides	16-20	EPH receptor B2	Homo sapiens	189-192
11773068-10	2002	The potential significance of the AP-1 binding is suggested by the finding that the response of HO-1, in COS cells stably transfected with antisense hBVR, with 66% reduced BVR activity, to superoxide anion (O(2)()) formed by menadione is attenuated, whereas induction by heme is not affected.	Superoxides	189-205	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	96-100
11773068-10	2002	The potential significance of the AP-1 binding is suggested by the finding that the response of HO-1, in COS cells stably transfected with antisense hBVR, with 66% reduced BVR activity, to superoxide anion (O(2)()) formed by menadione is attenuated, whereas induction by heme is not affected.	Superoxides	207-211	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	96-100
12731085-5	2003	RESULTS: Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B cells from X-CGD patients transduced with Ha-MDR-IRES-gp91 co-expressed human P-glycoprotein and gp91, and acquired superoxide-generating activity.	Superoxides	158-168	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	96-100
1663709-7	1991	A first-order decay of superoxide is obtained when the aqueous buffer contains bovine Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase or aquo copper(II), which are known catalysts of superoxide dismutation.	Superoxides	23-33	superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Bos taurus	86-112
12641745-14	2003	We conclude that overlapping and sequential signaling pathways are involved in the apoptosis of adult brain neurons and that DNA damage generated by superoxide derivatives is an upstream mechanism for p53-regulated, Bax-dependent apoptosis of target-deprived neurons.	Superoxides	149-159	Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene	Rattus norvegicus	201-204
12641745-14	2003	We conclude that overlapping and sequential signaling pathways are involved in the apoptosis of adult brain neurons and that DNA damage generated by superoxide derivatives is an upstream mechanism for p53-regulated, Bax-dependent apoptosis of target-deprived neurons.	Superoxides	149-159	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	216-219
11781308-8	2002	Wild type Galpha(i2) but not Cys(287)- or Cys(326)-substituted mutants are activated by UV light, singlet oxygen, superoxide anion, and nitric oxide, indicating that these oxidative stresses activate Galpha(i2) by the mechanism similar to *OH-induced activation.	Superoxides	114-130	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	10-19
11733522-1	2002	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes consists of a membranal heterodimeric flavocytochrome (cytochrome b(559)), composed of gp91(phox) and p22(phox) subunits, and four cytosolic proteins, p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (1 or 2).	Superoxides	4-14	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	154-158
11733522-1	2002	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes consists of a membranal heterodimeric flavocytochrome (cytochrome b(559)), composed of gp91(phox) and p22(phox) subunits, and four cytosolic proteins, p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (1 or 2).	Superoxides	4-14	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	164-167
11733522-1	2002	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes consists of a membranal heterodimeric flavocytochrome (cytochrome b(559)), composed of gp91(phox) and p22(phox) subunits, and four cytosolic proteins, p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (1 or 2).	Superoxides	4-14	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	168-172
11733522-1	2002	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes consists of a membranal heterodimeric flavocytochrome (cytochrome b(559)), composed of gp91(phox) and p22(phox) subunits, and four cytosolic proteins, p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (1 or 2).	Superoxides	4-14	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	213-216
1668725-9	1991	TNF-alpha induces manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) which also uses O2- to produce cytotoxic concentrations of hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	84-86	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	18-59
11733522-1	2002	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes consists of a membranal heterodimeric flavocytochrome (cytochrome b(559)), composed of gp91(phox) and p22(phox) subunits, and four cytosolic proteins, p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (1 or 2).	Superoxides	4-14	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	168-172
11733522-1	2002	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes consists of a membranal heterodimeric flavocytochrome (cytochrome b(559)), composed of gp91(phox) and p22(phox) subunits, and four cytosolic proteins, p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (1 or 2).	Superoxides	4-14	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	168-172
11733522-1	2002	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes consists of a membranal heterodimeric flavocytochrome (cytochrome b(559)), composed of gp91(phox) and p22(phox) subunits, and four cytosolic proteins, p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (1 or 2).	Superoxides	4-14	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	168-172
12621153-5	2003	Furthermore, in BNP-Tg mice, inflammatory cell infiltration in ischemic tissue and vascular superoxide production were suppressed compared with control mice.	Superoxides	92-102	natriuretic peptide type B	Mus musculus	16-19
1668725-9	1991	TNF-alpha induces manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) which also uses O2- to produce cytotoxic concentrations of hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	84-86	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	61-66
12603834-7	2003	The resultant ALDH2-deficient transfectants were highly vulnerable to exogenous 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, an aldehyde derivative generated by the reaction of superoxide with unsaturated fatty acid.	Superoxides	153-163	aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member	Rattus norvegicus	14-19
12014661-7	2002	The direction of generation of apoptosis inducing ROS and RNS to the site of superoxide anion production has relevance for the selectivity of ROS and RNS-based natural antitumor systems, as extracellular superoxide anion generation represents a hallmark of the transformed state.	Superoxides	77-93	FAM20C golgi associated secretory pathway kinase	Homo sapiens	58-61
12014661-7	2002	The direction of generation of apoptosis inducing ROS and RNS to the site of superoxide anion production has relevance for the selectivity of ROS and RNS-based natural antitumor systems, as extracellular superoxide anion generation represents a hallmark of the transformed state.	Superoxides	77-93	FAM20C golgi associated secretory pathway kinase	Homo sapiens	150-153
12014661-7	2002	The direction of generation of apoptosis inducing ROS and RNS to the site of superoxide anion production has relevance for the selectivity of ROS and RNS-based natural antitumor systems, as extracellular superoxide anion generation represents a hallmark of the transformed state.	Superoxides	204-220	FAM20C golgi associated secretory pathway kinase	Homo sapiens	58-61
12014661-7	2002	The direction of generation of apoptosis inducing ROS and RNS to the site of superoxide anion production has relevance for the selectivity of ROS and RNS-based natural antitumor systems, as extracellular superoxide anion generation represents a hallmark of the transformed state.	Superoxides	204-220	FAM20C golgi associated secretory pathway kinase	Homo sapiens	150-153
12374566-1	2003	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD or SOD3) is an important protective enzyme against the toxicity of superoxide radicals that are produced under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	36-42
1649184-0	1991	Superoxide anion increases intracellular pH, intracellular free calcium, and arachidonate release in human amnion cells.	Superoxides	0-16	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Homo sapiens	41-43
12374566-1	2003	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD or SOD3) is an important protective enzyme against the toxicity of superoxide radicals that are produced under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	46-50
12076272-4	2002	Upon stimulation with OMV-LPS or E. coli-LPS, the production of intracellular ROS increased in both granulocytes and monocytes when dihydroethidium (DHE, mainly reflecting superoxide anion) was used as a probe, whereas peroxynitrite production monitored with dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR) was not significantly changed.	Superoxides	172-188	interferon regulatory factor 6	Homo sapiens	26-29
12076272-4	2002	Upon stimulation with OMV-LPS or E. coli-LPS, the production of intracellular ROS increased in both granulocytes and monocytes when dihydroethidium (DHE, mainly reflecting superoxide anion) was used as a probe, whereas peroxynitrite production monitored with dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR) was not significantly changed.	Superoxides	172-188	interferon regulatory factor 6	Homo sapiens	41-44
12479852-4	2003	Prolonged exposure to 8Br-cAMP increased the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA)-stimulated superoxide generation and CD14 expression that characterize the differentiation phenotype, which was blocked by MEK-1 inhibitor.	Superoxides	94-104	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1	Homo sapiens	206-211
1649184-1	1991	We determined the effects of superoxide anion, produced by addition of xanthine oxidase to hypoxanthine, on the intracellular pH (pHi) and intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) and release of arachidonate in human cultured amnion cells.	Superoxides	29-45	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Homo sapiens	126-128
1649184-1	1991	We determined the effects of superoxide anion, produced by addition of xanthine oxidase to hypoxanthine, on the intracellular pH (pHi) and intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) and release of arachidonate in human cultured amnion cells.	Superoxides	29-45	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Homo sapiens	130-133
12456638-1	2002	Activation of the superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase, crucial in host defense, requires the cytosolic proteins p67(phox) and p47(phox).	Superoxides	18-28	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	135-138
12456638-4	2002	Here we show that p40(phox) enhances membrane translocation of p67(phox) and p47(phox) in stimulated cells, which leads to facilitated production of superoxide.	Superoxides	149-159	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	77-80
12036109-1	2002	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) controls the availability of extracellular superoxide and appears to play a role in controlling oxidative stress and intercellular signaling.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	36-42
1649184-2	1991	Superoxide anion induced a prompt increase of pHi and subsequent increase of [Ca2+]i.	Superoxides	0-16	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Homo sapiens	46-49
1649184-6	1991	But the increase of [Ca2+]i induced by the NH4Cl was significantly less than that induced by the amount of superoxide anion causing a similar increase in pHi.	Superoxides	107-123	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Homo sapiens	154-157
1649184-7	1991	These results show that superoxide anion, crossed through anion channel in membrane, increased [Ca2+]i at least partially via increase of pHi and that the calcium mobilization was dependent on both extracellular and intracellular sources.	Superoxides	24-40	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Homo sapiens	138-141
11901190-5	2002	eNOS catalytic activity is exquisitely sensitive to ONOO(-), which decreases NO synthesis and increases superoxide anion (O(2)(.-)) production by the enzyme.	Superoxides	104-120	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	0-4
12468568-7	2002	The selective Ang-(1-7) antagonist [D-Ala(7)]-Ang-(1-7) inhibited the AVE 0991-induced NO and O2- production by approximately 50%.	Superoxides	94-96	angiogenin-1	Bos taurus	14-22
1649184-12	1991	These findings suggested that superoxide anion may regulate biological functions in amnion cells via pHi, [Ca2+]i mobilization, and the release of arachidonate without damaging the cells.	Superoxides	30-46	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Homo sapiens	101-104
12468568-7	2002	The selective Ang-(1-7) antagonist [D-Ala(7)]-Ang-(1-7) inhibited the AVE 0991-induced NO and O2- production by approximately 50%.	Superoxides	94-96	angiogenin-1	Bos taurus	46-54
11901190-5	2002	eNOS catalytic activity is exquisitely sensitive to ONOO(-), which decreases NO synthesis and increases superoxide anion (O(2)(.-)) production by the enzyme.	Superoxides	122-126	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	0-4
11901190-7	2002	Furthermore, eNOS derived from endothelial cells exposed to elevated glucose produces more O(2)(.-), and, like eNOS purified from diabetic LDL receptor-deficient mice, contains less zinc and fewer SDS-resistant dimers.	Superoxides	91-95	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	13-17
12456489-3	2002	Cerebral blood flow responses in these genetically altered mice to changes in PO2 demonstrate that SOD3 regulates equilibrium between superoxide (*O2-) and NO*, thereby controlling vascular tone and reactivity in the brain.	Superoxides	134-144	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	99-103
1676856-1	1991	Components involved in superoxide anion production (cytochrome b) and in cell adhesion processes (CD11b, CD11c, CD18), two early functional responses of neutrophils during acute inflammation, are intracellularly located in resting human neutrophils.	Superoxides	23-39	integrin subunit alpha X	Homo sapiens	105-110
12417549-7	2002	Ang II-treated aortas from gp91(phox-/-) mice, which lack significant adventitial O2-, exhibited greater EDR and were not affected by SOD.	Superoxides	82-84	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	27-31
12417549-10	2002	CONCLUSIONS: O2- derived from adventitial gp91(phox)-based NAD(P)H oxidase contributes to impairment of the action of endothelium-derived NO.	Superoxides	13-15	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	42-46
12421370-7	2002	Low doses of Abeta significantly increased the production of superoxide anions, but not of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1beta or nitric oxide.	Superoxides	61-78	amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein	Mus musculus	13-18
12421370-10	2002	The role of NADPH oxidase-generated superoxide in mediating Abeta-induced neurotoxicity was further substantiated by a study which showed that Abeta caused less of a decrease in dopamine uptake in mesencephalic neuron-glia cultures from NADPH oxidase-deficient mutant mice than in that from wild-type controls.	Superoxides	36-46	amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein	Mus musculus	60-65
12421370-10	2002	The role of NADPH oxidase-generated superoxide in mediating Abeta-induced neurotoxicity was further substantiated by a study which showed that Abeta caused less of a decrease in dopamine uptake in mesencephalic neuron-glia cultures from NADPH oxidase-deficient mutant mice than in that from wild-type controls.	Superoxides	36-46	amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein	Mus musculus	143-148
11901190-8	2002	Hence, eNOS exposure to oxidants including ONOO(-) causes increased enzymatic uncoupling and generation of O(2)(.-) in diabetes, contributing further to endothelial cell oxidant stress.	Superoxides	107-111	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	7-11
11890736-1	2002	In some neurological disorders, excessive nitric oxide (NO, nitrogen monoxide) produced by inducible and/or neuronal nitric oxide synthases (iNOS and nNOS) is able to combine with superoxide (O(minus sign)(2)) to form peroxynitrite (ONOO(minus sign)), which can then induce p53-dependent neural apoptosis.	Superoxides	180-190	transformation related protein 53, pseudogene	Mus musculus	274-277
12060262-1	2002	Recently, we have demonstrated that treatment of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) cell suspension culture with various salts result in an immediate burst of superoxide production via activation of NADPH oxidase by ions of alkali metals (Li+, Na+, K+), alkali earth metals (Mg2+, Ca2+) or lanthanides (La3+, Gd3+).	Superoxides	152-162	respiratory burst oxidase homolog protein A-like	Nicotiana tabacum	192-205
11915330-0	2002	[Association of Fc gamma receptor with low-density detergent-resistant membranes is important for crosslinking-dependent initiation of the tyrosine phosphorylation pathway and superoxide generation].	Superoxides	176-186	Fc gamma receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	16-33
1889832-1	1991	There is a correlation between phylogeny and the activities of L-gulonolactone oxidase (LGO), the key enzyme responsible for ascorbic acid (AH2) synthesis in animals and total xanthine oxidase and dehydrogenase [XOD(D/O)], the enzyme responsible for the production of endogenous superoxide radical (O2-.).	Superoxides	279-297	gulonolactone (L-) oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	63-86
11942325-0	2002	The role of superoxide anion in the regulation of epidermal growth factor or the expression and proliferation of its receptor in prostate cancer cell line PC3.	Superoxides	12-28	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	50-73
11942325-0	2002	The role of superoxide anion in the regulation of epidermal growth factor or the expression and proliferation of its receptor in prostate cancer cell line PC3.	Superoxides	12-28	chromobox 8	Homo sapiens	155-158
11942325-1	2002	The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of superoxide anion(O2-) in the regulation of epidermal growth factor (EGF) or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression and proliferation in the prostate cancer cell line PC3.	Superoxides	57-73	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	100-123
12352324-0	2002	Statins, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, are able to reduce superoxide anion production by NADPH oxidase in THP-1-derived monocytes.	Superoxides	88-104	3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase	Homo sapiens	9-56
12352324-2	2002	This study looked for the effect of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase inhibitors on NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide anion production in THP-1 cells, a monocyte-derived cell line, and on the translocation of p21 Rac 2 and p67.	Superoxides	132-148	3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase	Homo sapiens	36-93
11942325-1	2002	The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of superoxide anion(O2-) in the regulation of epidermal growth factor (EGF) or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression and proliferation in the prostate cancer cell line PC3.	Superoxides	57-73	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	125-128
1889832-1	1991	There is a correlation between phylogeny and the activities of L-gulonolactone oxidase (LGO), the key enzyme responsible for ascorbic acid (AH2) synthesis in animals and total xanthine oxidase and dehydrogenase [XOD(D/O)], the enzyme responsible for the production of endogenous superoxide radical (O2-.).	Superoxides	279-297	gulonolactone (L-) oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	88-91
11942325-1	2002	The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of superoxide anion(O2-) in the regulation of epidermal growth factor (EGF) or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression and proliferation in the prostate cancer cell line PC3.	Superoxides	57-73	chromobox 8	Homo sapiens	235-238
12169574-1	2002	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD), which scavenges extracellular superoxide (O.	Superoxides	14-24	extracellular superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Oryctolagus cuniculus	36-42
11942325-1	2002	The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of superoxide anion(O2-) in the regulation of epidermal growth factor (EGF) or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression and proliferation in the prostate cancer cell line PC3.	Superoxides	74-77	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	100-123
1889832-1	1991	There is a correlation between phylogeny and the activities of L-gulonolactone oxidase (LGO), the key enzyme responsible for ascorbic acid (AH2) synthesis in animals and total xanthine oxidase and dehydrogenase [XOD(D/O)], the enzyme responsible for the production of endogenous superoxide radical (O2-.).	Superoxides	299-301	gulonolactone (L-) oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	63-86
11942325-1	2002	The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of superoxide anion(O2-) in the regulation of epidermal growth factor (EGF) or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression and proliferation in the prostate cancer cell line PC3.	Superoxides	74-77	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	125-128
1889832-1	1991	There is a correlation between phylogeny and the activities of L-gulonolactone oxidase (LGO), the key enzyme responsible for ascorbic acid (AH2) synthesis in animals and total xanthine oxidase and dehydrogenase [XOD(D/O)], the enzyme responsible for the production of endogenous superoxide radical (O2-.).	Superoxides	299-301	gulonolactone (L-) oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	88-91
11942325-1	2002	The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of superoxide anion(O2-) in the regulation of epidermal growth factor (EGF) or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression and proliferation in the prostate cancer cell line PC3.	Superoxides	74-77	chromobox 8	Homo sapiens	235-238
11942325-4	2002	EGF or EGFR mRNA expression in the cells treated with O2- was examined by in situ hybridisation.	Superoxides	54-56	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
1889832-5	1991	and it appears that tissue specific expression of LGO takes place to counteract the endogenous O2-.	Superoxides	95-97	gulonolactone (L-) oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	50-53
11942325-8	2002	O2- at the concentration of 18 micromol/l NADH and 4 micromol/l PMS can downregulate EGF and EGF mRNA expression.	Superoxides	0-2	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	85-88
11942325-8	2002	O2- at the concentration of 18 micromol/l NADH and 4 micromol/l PMS can downregulate EGF and EGF mRNA expression.	Superoxides	0-2	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	93-96
12685009-4	2002	The increasing ceruloplasmin level in this category of patients hampers the reduction of the activity of lipid peroxidation processes, which is apparently related not only to the direct cytotoxic viral effect but also to the negative effect of superoxide ions on the cell membrane.	Superoxides	244-254	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	15-28
11994047-0	2002	Pivotal role of superoxides generated in the mitochondrial respiratory chain in peroxynitrite-dependent activation of phospholipase A2.	Superoxides	16-27	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	118-134
12230880-2	2002	A p22(phox)-based NAD(P)H oxidase acts as a potent superoxide-generating system in the vasculature.	Superoxides	51-61	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	2-5
1646323-3	1991	Employing a microassay for the measurement of O2- production by rabbit aortic rings, which is based on the established method of reduction of cytochrome c by O2-, we studied the interaction between O2- and EDRF using L-arginine, an N-substituted arginine compound, namely, N alpha-benzoyl-L-arginine ethyl ester (BAEE), sodium nitroprusside and NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (NMMA), a putative specific inhibitor of EDRF synthesis.	Superoxides	158-160	cytochrome c	Oryctolagus cuniculus	142-154
12145183-0	2002	Glucose increases endothelial-dependent superoxide formation in coronary arteries by NAD(P)H oxidase activation: attenuation by the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor atorvastatin.	Superoxides	40-50	3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase	Homo sapiens	132-179
12145183-9	2002	In conclusion, glucose-induced increase of vascular O(2)(-) formation is endothelium dependent and is probably mediated by increased p22(phox) subunit expression.	Superoxides	52-56	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	133-136
11813269-7	2002	The p91 and p47 components of the NADPH oxidase increase after IFN-gamma stimulation and may account for the enhanced superoxide generation.	Superoxides	118-128	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	12-15
11813269-8	2002	Antisense experiments targeting p91 and p47 subunits abrogate the increased osteoclastic superoxide production stimulated by IFN-gamma.	Superoxides	89-99	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	40-43
1646323-3	1991	Employing a microassay for the measurement of O2- production by rabbit aortic rings, which is based on the established method of reduction of cytochrome c by O2-, we studied the interaction between O2- and EDRF using L-arginine, an N-substituted arginine compound, namely, N alpha-benzoyl-L-arginine ethyl ester (BAEE), sodium nitroprusside and NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (NMMA), a putative specific inhibitor of EDRF synthesis.	Superoxides	158-160	cytochrome c	Oryctolagus cuniculus	142-154
1850207-2	1991	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) is a superoxide anion (O2-.)	Superoxides	45-61	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
11756504-2	2002	We have reported that overexpression of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) reduced superoxide production and ameliorated neuronal injury in the hippocampal CA1 subregion after global ischemia.	Superoxides	52-62	carbonic anhydrase 1	Rattus norvegicus	161-164
12126473-7	2002	It is concluded that superoxide production by leukocytes of healthy individuals and especially by leukocytes of hypercholesterolemic individuals is process that depends on PAF or PAF-like lipids.	Superoxides	21-31	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	172-175
12126473-7	2002	It is concluded that superoxide production by leukocytes of healthy individuals and especially by leukocytes of hypercholesterolemic individuals is process that depends on PAF or PAF-like lipids.	Superoxides	21-31	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	179-182
1850207-2	1991	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) is a superoxide anion (O2-.)	Superoxides	45-61	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-38
1850207-2	1991	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) is a superoxide anion (O2-.)	Superoxides	63-65	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-30
11782666-2	2002	In unrelated studies, superoxide (O-2) contributed to impaired hypotensive cerebrovasodilation following traumatic brain injury in the rat while the opioid nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NOC/oFQ) generated O-2 via activation of protein kinase C in the piglet.	Superoxides	199-202	prepronociceptin	Rattus norvegicus	156-166
1850207-2	1991	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) is a superoxide anion (O2-.)	Superoxides	63-65	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-38
11782666-2	2002	In unrelated studies, superoxide (O-2) contributed to impaired hypotensive cerebrovasodilation following traumatic brain injury in the rat while the opioid nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NOC/oFQ) generated O-2 via activation of protein kinase C in the piglet.	Superoxides	199-202	prepronociceptin	Rattus norvegicus	167-178
12028049-0	2002	Differentiation of PLB-985 myeloid cells into mature neutrophils, shown by degranulation of terminally differentiated compartments in response to N-formyl peptide and priming of superoxide anion production by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor.	Superoxides	178-194	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	209-257
1850207-15	1991	Our results suggest that the induction of Mn-SOD by TNF-alpha in pulmonary adenocarcinoma cells is pretranslationally mediated and that increasing Mn-SOD activity with TNF-alpha confers protection against O2 radicals.	Superoxides	205-207	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	147-153
1848559-8	1991	Taken together these results indicate that PKC-dependent phosphorylation of p47-phox correlates with association of p47-phox with the cytoskeleton and with translocation of p47-phox and p67-phox to the plasma membrane, with the ensuing assembly of an active superoxide-generating NADPH-dependent oxidase.	Superoxides	258-268	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	186-194
12225397-1	2002	All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) combined with granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) synergistically increases superoxide-generating activity in human myeloblastic leukemia ML-1 cells.	Superoxides	129-139	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	45-93
12225397-1	2002	All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) combined with granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) synergistically increases superoxide-generating activity in human myeloblastic leukemia ML-1 cells.	Superoxides	129-139	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	95-101
12225397-9	2002	We speculate that the remarkable induction of gp91phox and p47phox protein is associated with an increase in superoxide-generating activity due to the synergistic effect of ATRA plus GM-CSF.	Superoxides	109-119	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	59-62
12225397-9	2002	We speculate that the remarkable induction of gp91phox and p47phox protein is associated with an increase in superoxide-generating activity due to the synergistic effect of ATRA plus GM-CSF.	Superoxides	109-119	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	183-189
12455380-0	2002	[Cell surface peroxidase--generator of superoxide anion in wheat root cells under wound stress].	Superoxides	39-55	peroxidase-like	Triticum aestivum	14-24
12455380-5	2002	Increase in superoxide production correlates with the enhancement of peroxidase activity at the application of organic acids and detergents.	Superoxides	12-22	peroxidase-like	Triticum aestivum	69-79
12455380-6	2002	The results obtained indicate that cell surface peroxidase is one of the main generators of superoxide in wounded wheat root cells.	Superoxides	92-102	peroxidase-like	Triticum aestivum	48-58
12455380-8	2002	By controlling superoxide and hydrogen peroxide formation, the cell surface peroxidase can control the adaptation processes in stressed plant cells.	Superoxides	15-25	peroxidase-like	Triticum aestivum	76-86
1652585-1	1991	The oxidase reaction of lipoamide dehydrogenase with NADH generates superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide under aerobic conditions.	Superoxides	68-78	dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	24-47
11591724-0	2001	Vibrio vulnificus cytolysin induces superoxide anion-initiated apoptotic signaling pathway in human ECV304 cells.	Superoxides	36-52	perforin 1	Homo sapiens	18-27
11726431-1	2001	UNLABELLED: Superoxide is generated by reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase that exists in the cell membrane of neutrophils and contains p47 phox in the enzyme complex.	Superoxides	12-22	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	168-171
11726431-9	2001	Our results suggest that suppression of superoxide production by a therapeutic dose of lidocaine correlates strongly with suppression of p47 phox translocation.	Superoxides	40-50	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	137-140
12137755-8	2002	Addition of Stx 2 or Stx 1 to human mature granulocytes in vitro decreased their superoxide-producing activity when stimulated with agonists.	Superoxides	81-91	syntaxin 1A	Homo sapiens	21-26
12069282-6	2002	Microglial superoxide production by the Fab fragment of rat IgG was significantly less than that by the Fc fragment of rat IgG.	Superoxides	11-21	FA complementation group B	Homo sapiens	40-43
11978825-2	2002	We show that neuron death in cocultures of rat cortical microglia and neurons activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or Abeta1-42 plus interferon gamma (IFNgamma) is caused by short-lived diffusible molecules and follows the generation of superoxide and/or peroxynitrite as determined by electron paramagnetic spectroscopy.	Superoxides	238-248	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	134-161
1652585-5	1991	These results demonstrate that the DMPO-OOH adduct was produced from the superoxide radical generated by lipoamide dehydrogenase.	Superoxides	73-83	dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	105-128
1652585-8	1991	Addition of ferritin to the NADH-lipoamide dehydrogenase system resulted in a decrease of the DMPO-OOH signal, indicating that the superoxide radical interacted with ferritin iron.	Superoxides	131-141	dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	33-56
11728811-0	2001	Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor ensures macrophage survival and generation of the superoxide anion: a study using a monocytic-differentiated HL60 subline.	Superoxides	99-115	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-48
11980688-2	2002	However, eNOS has been shown to generate superoxide, which could oxidize LDL and promote atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	41-51	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	9-13
11728811-8	2001	Exogeneously administered GM-CSF rescued cells from necrotic death and caused them to survive and generate superoxide anions.	Superoxides	107-124	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	26-32
1964925-4	1990	We find that a 50% increase in cSOD activity above the normal diploid level confers increased resistance to ionizing radiation and, in contrast, confers decreased resistance to the superoxide-generating agent paraquat.	Superoxides	181-191	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	31-35
11788419-2	2002	Recent evidence, mainly from the aorta, suggests that NAD(P)H oxidase is a major source of vascular superoxide.	Superoxides	100-110	NADPH oxidase 1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	54-69
11562367-0	2001	Opposite roles of selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase-1 in superoxide generator diquat- and peroxynitrite-induced apoptosis and signaling.	Superoxides	65-75	glutathione peroxidase 1	Mus musculus	18-61
2177563-0	1990	Potential roles of Mg2+ and Ca2+ in NADPH oxidase dependent superoxide anion synthesis by human neutrophils.	Superoxides	60-76	mucin 7, secreted	Homo sapiens	19-22
11562367-2	2001	We determined impacts of a selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPX1) on apoptosis induced by diquat (DQ), a ROS (superoxide) generator, and peroxynitrite (PN), a potent RNS.	Superoxides	122-132	glutathione peroxidase 1	Mus musculus	27-70
11562367-2	2001	We determined impacts of a selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPX1) on apoptosis induced by diquat (DQ), a ROS (superoxide) generator, and peroxynitrite (PN), a potent RNS.	Superoxides	122-132	glutathione peroxidase 1	Mus musculus	72-76
11562367-7	2001	In conclusion, it is most striking that, although GPX1 protects against apoptosis induced by superoxide-generator DQ, the enzyme actually promotes apoptosis induced by PN in murine hepatocytes.	Superoxides	93-103	glutathione peroxidase 1	Mus musculus	50-54
11788419-10	2002	These increases in superoxide were markedly reduced in the presence of polyethylene glycol-superoxide dismutase (300 U/ml) or diphenylene iodonium [0.1 mM, an inhibitor of flavin-containing enzymes, including NAD(P)H oxidase] but were not affected by indomethacin, N(G)-nitro-L-arginine, or allopurinol.	Superoxides	19-29	NADPH oxidase 1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	209-224
11788419-11	2002	These data suggest that NADH- and NADPH-induced changes in cerebral vascular tone are mediated by superoxide, produced by a flavin-containing enzyme, most likely NAD(P)H oxidase, but not xanthine oxidase or nitric oxide synthase.	Superoxides	98-108	NADPH oxidase 1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	162-177
12622181-5	2002	The activities of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were enhanced, which might be to eliminate the superoxide radical and H2O2 and accompanied by a fall in glutathione-s-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR) activity.	Superoxides	156-174	glutathione-disulfide reductase	Rattus norvegicus	249-270
12622181-5	2002	The activities of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were enhanced, which might be to eliminate the superoxide radical and H2O2 and accompanied by a fall in glutathione-s-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR) activity.	Superoxides	156-174	glutathione-disulfide reductase	Rattus norvegicus	272-274
2173592-0	1990	Catalysis of nitrofuran redox-cycling and superoxide anion production by heart lipoamide dehydrogenase.	Superoxides	42-58	dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	79-102
11781366-0	2002	Discrete generation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide by T cell receptor stimulation: selective regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase activation and fas ligand expression.	Superoxides	23-33	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	59-74
11781366-0	2002	Discrete generation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide by T cell receptor stimulation: selective regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase activation and fas ligand expression.	Superoxides	23-33	Fas ligand	Homo sapiens	160-170
11704649-0	2001	Macrophage stimulating protein (MSP) evokes superoxide anion production by human macrophages of different origin.	Superoxides	44-60	macrophage stimulating 1	Homo sapiens	0-30
11704649-0	2001	Macrophage stimulating protein (MSP) evokes superoxide anion production by human macrophages of different origin.	Superoxides	44-60	macrophage stimulating 1	Homo sapiens	32-35
11704649-6	2001	We show here that human recombinant MSP (hrMSP) evokes a dose-dependent superoxide anion production in human alveolar and peritoneal macrophages as well as in monocyte-derived macrophages, but not in circulating human monocytes.	Superoxides	72-88	macrophage stimulating 1	Homo sapiens	36-39
2174293-3	1990	The production of superoxide was measured by the superoxide dismutase inhibitable reduction of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	18-28	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	95-107
11711515-7	2001	P22phox mRNA level increased in cells exposed to both unidirectional and oscillatory shear stress, suggesting that p22phox gene expression upregulation contributes to flow-induced increase in superoxide anion production in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	192-208	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	0-7
11711515-7	2001	P22phox mRNA level increased in cells exposed to both unidirectional and oscillatory shear stress, suggesting that p22phox gene expression upregulation contributes to flow-induced increase in superoxide anion production in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	192-208	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	115-122
11766994-11	2001	Moreover, KF38789 inhibited P-selectin-induced superoxide production from human polymorphonuclear cells.	Superoxides	47-57	selectin P	Homo sapiens	28-38
11705402-1	2001	Activation of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase, a superoxide-generating enzyme, involves assembly of cytosolic p47(phox), p67(phox), and rac with the membrane-associated cytochrome b(558).	Superoxides	45-55	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	106-109
11483596-2	2001	Here we describe a novel superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase referred to as NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5).	Superoxides	25-35	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	76-91
11483596-2	2001	Here we describe a novel superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase referred to as NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5).	Superoxides	25-35	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	93-97
11714743-4	2001	p47phox(-/-) SMCs had diminished superoxide production and a decreased proliferative response to growth factors compared with wild-type cells, whereas the response of gp91phox(-/-) SMCs was indistinguishable from that of wild-type SMCs.	Superoxides	33-43	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	0-7
2164045-4	1990	We now show that purified neutrophil elastase markedly impairs complement-mediated PMN-Pa interactions including phagocytosis of opsonized Pa, stimulation by opsonized Pa of PMN superoxide production, and killing of opsonized Pa by PMN.	Superoxides	178-188	elastase, neutrophil expressed	Homo sapiens	26-45
11714451-4	2001	In the 25 afebrile patients, the percentage of superoxide anion production by granulocytes was significantly decreased from 86.5 +/- 7.7 (%) to 75.1 +/- 8.8 (%) at day 7 and 71.0 +/- 6.3 (%) at day 14 without administration of CSF.	Superoxides	47-63	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	227-230
11714451-7	2001	Moreover, in these M-CSF-treated patients, the percentage of superoxide anion production by granulocytes was maintained at the level before chemotherapy.	Superoxides	61-77	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	19-24
11588326-0	2001	Superoxide during reperfusion contributes to caspase-8 expression and apoptosis after transient focal stroke.	Superoxides	0-10	caspase 8	Mus musculus	45-54
1964391-3	1990	Ca2+ ionophore triggered generation of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide by macrophages was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by fluphenazine (IC50, 20 microM and 12 microM, respectively) and also by capsaicin (IC50, 30 microM and 9 microM, respectively), suggesting an involvement of calmodulin in the regulation of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	39-55	calmodulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	293-303
11397907-6	2001	The level of p47(phox) subunit, an index of NADPH oxidase, the enzyme converting molecular oxygen to superoxide (O(.	Superoxides	101-111	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	13-16
11348868-6	2001	Furthermore, the injury-induced superoxide production was associated with augmented NAD(P)H oxidase activity and upregulation of p47(phox) and p67(phox) in adventitial fibroblasts (immunohistochemistry).	Superoxides	32-42	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	129-138
11348868-6	2001	Furthermore, the injury-induced superoxide production was associated with augmented NAD(P)H oxidase activity and upregulation of p47(phox) and p67(phox) in adventitial fibroblasts (immunohistochemistry).	Superoxides	32-42	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	133-137
11520794-7	2001	Inhibition of ANCA-induced superoxide generation with pertussis toxin suggests that ANCAs activate the p101/p110gamma PI3K isoform.	Superoxides	27-37	phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 5	Homo sapiens	103-107
11495009-2	2001	NRC triggered superoxide generation from neutrophils in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	14-24	nuclear receptor coactivator 6	Homo sapiens	0-3
2133288-8	1990	Thus, the enhancing effect of PAF on IL-1 release appears to be due to the production of lipoxygenase metabolites, leading to superoxide production and alterations of cAMP levels.	Superoxides	126-136	interleukin 1 complex	Mus musculus	37-41
11495009-4	2001	Superoxide generation of neutrophils induced by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) was delayed but intensified both by NRC and empty liposomes.	Superoxides	0-10	nuclear receptor coactivator 6	Homo sapiens	116-119
11495009-5	2001	The intensity of superoxide generation induced by NRC was smaller than that by the empty liposomes.	Superoxides	17-27	nuclear receptor coactivator 6	Homo sapiens	50-53
11495009-6	2001	As NRC contained superoxide dismutase (SOD) that was copurified with hemoglobin from red blood cells and its activity remained, SOD contained in NRC may partially eliminate superoxide.	Superoxides	17-27	nuclear receptor coactivator 6	Homo sapiens	3-6
11495009-6	2001	As NRC contained superoxide dismutase (SOD) that was copurified with hemoglobin from red blood cells and its activity remained, SOD contained in NRC may partially eliminate superoxide.	Superoxides	17-27	nuclear receptor coactivator 6	Homo sapiens	145-148
11331261-11	2001	CONCLUSIONS: We therefore conclude that increased expression of sGC in the setting of tolerance reflects a chronic inhibition rather than an induction of the sGC-cGK-I pathway and may be mediated at least in part by increased vascular superoxide.	Superoxides	235-245	guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2	Rattus norvegicus	64-67
34968705-2	2022	By regulating superoxide levels, manganese superoxide dismutase plays important roles in numerous biochemical and molecular events essential for the survival of aerobic life.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	33-63
11259126-6	2001	17beta-Estradiol does, however, decrease gp120-induced lipid peroxidation and accumulation of superoxide.	Superoxides	94-104	inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4	Homo sapiens	41-46
11529661-3	2001	Since extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) protects tissues against the harmful effects of superoxide anion, the hypothesis that systemic adenovirus-mediated EC-SOD gene transfer could reduce liver damage was tested.	Superoxides	98-114	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	6-40
11529661-3	2001	Since extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) protects tissues against the harmful effects of superoxide anion, the hypothesis that systemic adenovirus-mediated EC-SOD gene transfer could reduce liver damage was tested.	Superoxides	98-114	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	42-48
34807408-4	2022	The brain cortex of HtrA2Hetero mice had increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity; lower levels of malondialdehyde (MDA); higher expressions of mitochondrial unfolded protein response (mtUPR)-related proteins, NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) iron-sulfur protein 7 (Ndufs7), and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) proteins; more mitochondrial fission; higher levels of ATP and mtDNA copies; elevated sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) activity; and increased NAD+/NADH ratio.	Superoxides	51-61	HtrA serine peptidase 2	Mus musculus	20-25
11423751-0	2001	Differential effects of circulating IgA isolated from patients with IgA nephropathy on superoxide and fibronectin production of mesangial cells.	Superoxides	87-97	immunoglobulin heavy variable 4-38-2-like	Homo sapiens	36-39
11423751-0	2001	Differential effects of circulating IgA isolated from patients with IgA nephropathy on superoxide and fibronectin production of mesangial cells.	Superoxides	87-97	immunoglobulin heavy variable 4-38-2-like	Homo sapiens	68-71
11237717-4	2001	First, superoxide anions generated by hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase as well as hydrogen peroxide increased LOX-1 mRNA expression in cultured aortic endothelial cells.	Superoxides	7-24	oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	111-116
11179319-7	2001	Consistent with these observations, generation of superoxide (O2-) and nitric oxide and the release of murine tumor necrosis factor-alpha were attenuated in response to L. donovani or rIL-10 treatment.	Superoxides	50-60	interleukin 10	Rattus norvegicus	184-190
11179319-7	2001	Consistent with these observations, generation of superoxide (O2-) and nitric oxide and the release of murine tumor necrosis factor-alpha were attenuated in response to L. donovani or rIL-10 treatment.	Superoxides	62-64	interleukin 10	Rattus norvegicus	184-190
11253164-3	2001	We tested the hypothesis that the modification of ODC by peroxynitrite (OONO-), a short-lived free radical formed from NO and superoxide produces a fall in ODC activity, and therefore polyamine synthesis and cell proliferation.	Superoxides	126-136	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	50-53
11253164-3	2001	We tested the hypothesis that the modification of ODC by peroxynitrite (OONO-), a short-lived free radical formed from NO and superoxide produces a fall in ODC activity, and therefore polyamine synthesis and cell proliferation.	Superoxides	126-136	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	156-159
11376634-1	2001	OBJECTIVE: Deamination products of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidases (SSAO), i.e. aldehydes, superoxide and ammonia have been shown to initiate vascular damage.	Superoxides	98-108	amine oxidase copper containing 2	Homo sapiens	35-73
11376634-1	2001	OBJECTIVE: Deamination products of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidases (SSAO), i.e. aldehydes, superoxide and ammonia have been shown to initiate vascular damage.	Superoxides	98-108	amine oxidase copper containing 2	Homo sapiens	75-79
11437085-11	2001	Because EC-SOD is believed to be predominantly located in the extracellular space, these data implicate an adverse effect of extracellular superoxide anion on outcome from closed head injury.	Superoxides	139-155	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	8-14
34943113-5	2021	While compound C (AMPK inhibitor) and mdivi-1 (mitophagy inhibitor) significantly reduced the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in H2O2 treated cells.	Superoxides	106-116	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Homo sapiens	18-22
11678597-10	2001	Furthermore, we have assessed the effect of a single oral LD50 dose of chromium (VI) on female C57BL/6Ntac and p53-deficient C57BL/6TSG p53 mice on enhanced production of superoxide anion, lipid peroxidation and DNA fragmentation in the hepatic and brain tissues.	Superoxides	171-187	transformation related protein 53, pseudogene	Mus musculus	136-139
11156851-11	2001	The principal source of increased superoxide generation in vein grafts is an NAD(P)H oxidase, expressed by intimal SMCs.	Superoxides	34-44	NADPH oxidase 1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	77-92
11156851-12	2001	These findings suggest a role for NAD(P)H oxidase-mediated superoxide production in the proliferative response to vascular injury in vein grafts.	Superoxides	59-69	NADPH oxidase 1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	34-49
34909830-7	2021	Additionally, Hex-Mn preserved body weight gain, preserved the hepatic glycogen content, and also reduced the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and nitrite levels, as well as restored the superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	194-204	hematopoietically expressed homeobox	Rattus norvegicus	14-17
11156938-0	2001	Genetic requirement of p47phox for superoxide production by murine microglia.	Superoxides	35-45	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	23-30
11156938-4	2001	Here, we provide genetic evidence that p47phox, an essential component of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase, is required for superoxide anion release from microglia.	Superoxides	119-135	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	39-46
11156938-6	2001	Endogenous p47phox was detected only in wild-type microglia, consistent with selective superoxide production in these cells.	Superoxides	87-97	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	11-18
11156938-9	2001	Immuno-detection of p47phox in transduced cells confirmed that restoration of superoxide release correlated with production of recombinant protein.	Superoxides	78-88	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	20-27
11510094-4	2001	We have investigated the association between the C 242 T polymorphism of p 22 phox, a critical subunit of superoxide-generating NADH/NADPH oxidase, and susceptibility to DPB and COPD.	Superoxides	106-116	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	73-82
34667598-2	2021	Recently, a single nucleotide polymorphism of the gene coding for mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD2), namely the missense substitution A16V (C47>T) resulting in alteration of SOD2 enzyme activity, has been reported to be associated with MCS.	Superoxides	80-90	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	102-106
11278710-0	2001	The binding of oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) to ox-LDL receptor-1 reduces the intracellular concentration of nitric oxide in endothelial cells through an increased production of superoxide.	Superoxides	190-200	oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1	Bos taurus	60-77
11278710-6	2001	In the presence of radical scavengers and anti-LOX-1 monoclonal antibody, O(2) formation induced by ox-LDL was reduced (p &lt; 0.001) with a contemporary rise in intracellular NO concentration (p &lt; 0.001).	Superoxides	74-78	oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1	Bos taurus	47-52
11278710-8	2001	The results of this study show that one of the pathophysiological consequences of ox-LDL binding to LOX-1 may be the inactivation of NO through an increased cellular production of O(2).	Superoxides	180-184	oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1	Bos taurus	100-105
11264889-6	2001	Analysis of the mechanism by which alpha(2) M was inactivated revealed that the process was dependent on generation of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	119-135	alpha-2-macroglobulin	Homo sapiens	35-45
11264889-8	2001	Moreover, low concentrations of alpha(2) M were found to stimulate superoxide production by some unknown mechanism.	Superoxides	67-77	alpha-2-macroglobulin	Homo sapiens	32-42
34667598-2	2021	Recently, a single nucleotide polymorphism of the gene coding for mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD2), namely the missense substitution A16V (C47>T) resulting in alteration of SOD2 enzyme activity, has been reported to be associated with MCS.	Superoxides	80-90	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	182-186
11053035-1	2000	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD), the only known enzymatic scavenger of extracellular superoxide, may modulate reactions of nitric oxide (NO) in the lungs by preventing reactions between superoxide and NO.	Superoxides	14-24	extracellular superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Oryctolagus cuniculus	36-42
34854238-5	2022	BORIS knockdown exhibited high levels of ROS biogenesis, indicating an upregulated mitochondrial superoxide production and thereby induction of senescence.	Superoxides	97-107	CCCTC-binding factor (zinc finger protein)-like	Mus musculus	0-5
11053035-1	2000	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD), the only known enzymatic scavenger of extracellular superoxide, may modulate reactions of nitric oxide (NO) in the lungs by preventing reactions between superoxide and NO.	Superoxides	97-107	extracellular superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Oryctolagus cuniculus	0-34
11053035-1	2000	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD), the only known enzymatic scavenger of extracellular superoxide, may modulate reactions of nitric oxide (NO) in the lungs by preventing reactions between superoxide and NO.	Superoxides	97-107	extracellular superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Oryctolagus cuniculus	36-42
11046057-1	2000	Phosphorylation of p47 phagocyte oxidase, (p47(phox)), one of the NADPH oxidase components, is essential for the activation of this enzyme and for superoxide production.	Superoxides	147-157	inhibitor of growth family member 1	Homo sapiens	19-22
11384204-2	2001	We previously demonstrated that NK1 and NK2 receptors are present on human monocytes, SP and NKA inducing superoxide anion production and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) mRNA expression.	Superoxides	106-122	tachykinin receptor 1	Homo sapiens	32-35
11303730-11	2001	However, both combinations of PAF/lyso-PCs and lyso-PCs/PAF significantly augmented O2- production and PMN adherence.	Superoxides	84-86	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	30-33
11046057-1	2000	Phosphorylation of p47 phagocyte oxidase, (p47(phox)), one of the NADPH oxidase components, is essential for the activation of this enzyme and for superoxide production.	Superoxides	147-157	inhibitor of growth family member 1	Homo sapiens	43-52
10931844-6	2000	The ARF6(Q67L) mutant defective in GTP hydrolysis caused increased superoxide production, whereas the ARF6(T27N) mutant defective in GTP binding caused diminished responses to fMLP.	Superoxides	67-77	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	4-8
11303730-11	2001	However, both combinations of PAF/lyso-PCs and lyso-PCs/PAF significantly augmented O2- production and PMN adherence.	Superoxides	84-86	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	56-59
11313892-0	2001	Elevated superoxide production by active H-ras enhances human lung WI-38VA-13 cell proliferation, migration and resistance to TNF-alpha.	Superoxides	9-19	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	41-46
11313892-2	2001	In this report, we set out to investigate the role of active H-ras-mediated superoxide production on tumor cell malignancy in a SV-40 transformed human lung WI-38 VA-13 cell line.	Superoxides	76-86	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	61-66
11313892-3	2001	Stable transfection and expression of constitutively active mutant V12-H-ras (V12-H-ras) dramatically increased intracellular production of superoxide.	Superoxides	140-150	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	71-76
11313892-3	2001	Stable transfection and expression of constitutively active mutant V12-H-ras (V12-H-ras) dramatically increased intracellular production of superoxide.	Superoxides	140-150	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	82-87
34866998-11	2021	Our research findings shown that there was a decline in activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione s transferase in addition, personal habits like smoking play a major role in the development and progression of oral carcinogenesis and based on Insilco analysis results CCND1/Cyclin D1 could be the potential therapeutic target in oral squamous cell carcinoma.	Superoxides	68-78	cyclin D1	Homo sapiens	299-304
11313892-5	2001	Upon scavenging by superoxide dismutase and other molecules that decrease the intracellular level of active H-ras mediated superoxide production, cell proliferation, migration and resistance to TNF-alpha were significantly reduced.	Superoxides	19-29	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	108-113
11313892-6	2001	Furthermore, we demonstrated that the activation of membrane NADPH oxidase activity by expression of active H-ras contributed to the intracellular superoxide production.	Superoxides	147-157	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	108-113
11313892-7	2001	The causal relationship between membrane superoxide production and increased cell proliferation, migration, and resistance to TNF-alpha by the expression of active H-ras, has provided direct evidence to demonstrate that superoxide acts as an intracellular messenger to cascade ras oncogenic signal relay and to modulate tumor malignant activity.	Superoxides	41-51	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	164-169
11313892-7	2001	The causal relationship between membrane superoxide production and increased cell proliferation, migration, and resistance to TNF-alpha by the expression of active H-ras, has provided direct evidence to demonstrate that superoxide acts as an intracellular messenger to cascade ras oncogenic signal relay and to modulate tumor malignant activity.	Superoxides	220-230	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	164-169
11027223-3	2000	Using transgenic mice that overexpress extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD), a superoxide scavenger, we found that LTP was impaired in hippocampal area CA1 despite normal LTP in area CA3.	Superoxides	53-63	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	75-81
11027223-3	2000	Using transgenic mice that overexpress extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD), a superoxide scavenger, we found that LTP was impaired in hippocampal area CA1 despite normal LTP in area CA3.	Superoxides	53-63	carbonic anhydrase 1	Mus musculus	159-162
11023926-0	2000	Functional effect of the C242T polymorphism in the NAD(P)H oxidase p22phox gene on vascular superoxide production in atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	92-102	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	67-74
11023926-2	2000	NAD(P)H oxidase is an important source of superoxide in human blood vessels, and some studies suggest a possible association between polymorphisms in the NAD(P)H oxidase CYBA gene and atherosclerosis; however, no functional data address this hypothesis.	Superoxides	42-52	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	170-174
34944579-0	2021	A Combined Spectroscopic and In Silico Approach to Evaluate the Interaction of Human Frataxin with Mitochondrial Superoxide Dismutase.	Superoxides	113-123	frataxin	Homo sapiens	85-93
11023926-3	2000	We examined the relationships between the CYBA C242T polymorphism and direct measurements of superoxide production in human blood vessels.	Superoxides	93-103	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	42-46
11023926-7	2000	CONCLUSIONS: Association of the CYBA 242T allele with reduced NAD(P)H oxidase activity in human blood vessels suggests that genetic variation in NAD(P)H oxidase components may play a significant role in modulating superoxide production in human atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	214-224	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	32-36
11037884-0	2000	Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and beta2 integrins in C1q-stimulated superoxide production by human neutrophils: an example of a general regulatory mechanism governing acute inflammation.	Superoxides	72-82	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	57-60
11037884-1	2000	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and beta2 integrins in the production of superoxide (O2-) by C1q-stimulated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN).	Superoxides	122-132	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	142-145
11037884-1	2000	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and beta2 integrins in the production of superoxide (O2-) by C1q-stimulated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN).	Superoxides	134-136	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	142-145
11037884-7	2000	Co-immobilization of ICAM-1 with C1q cooperatively triggered O2- production by PMN.	Superoxides	61-63	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	33-36
11037884-8	2000	CONCLUSION: beta2 integrin binding to an ICAM provided an essential costimulatory signal for O2-production triggered by C1q in PMN.	Superoxides	93-95	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	120-123
11201240-5	2001	Enzymatic removal of sialyl residues and the degradation of poly-N-acetyllactosaminyl sugar chains by pretreatment of PMNs with neuraminidase or endo-beta-galactosidase, respectively, lost their increasing ability for macrophage adhesion after oxidation with diamide, superoxide or t-butylhydroperoxide.	Superoxides	268-278	galactosidase, beta 1	Mus musculus	150-168
11134896-7	2001	NAC can reduce Cu(II) to Cu(I) producing the radical NAC&amp;z.rad;, which can generate the superoxide anion.	Superoxides	92-108	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	0-3
11134896-7	2001	NAC can reduce Cu(II) to Cu(I) producing the radical NAC&amp;z.rad;, which can generate the superoxide anion.	Superoxides	92-108	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	53-56
11037884-10	2000	The requirement for this dual signal for PMN generation of O2- would serve as a regulatory mechanism to limit the production of O2- to a tissue environment where C1q, or some other stimulus, is colocalized with stromal cells bearing up-regulated ICAM-1.	Superoxides	59-61	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	162-165
34925811-7	2021	In ISO-induced myocardial infarction, the J-point, heart rate, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, malondialdehyde, glutathion, and reactive oxygen species decreased in mice after 18beta-GA treatment.	Superoxides	103-113	olfactory receptor family 2 subfamily F member 1B	Mus musculus	216-222
11037884-10	2000	The requirement for this dual signal for PMN generation of O2- would serve as a regulatory mechanism to limit the production of O2- to a tissue environment where C1q, or some other stimulus, is colocalized with stromal cells bearing up-regulated ICAM-1.	Superoxides	128-130	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	162-165
11034409-11	2000	Both capsaicin and SK&amp;F96365 also inhibited PAF-induced cytosolic superoxide generation in HL-60 cells differentiated by all-trans-retinoic acid.	Superoxides	70-80	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	48-51
10975852-11	2000	By contrast, selectively cross-linking uPA-occupied uPAR was capable of directly inducing superoxide release as well as enhancing FMLP-stimulated superoxide release.	Superoxides	90-100	plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor	Homo sapiens	52-56
10975852-11	2000	By contrast, selectively cross-linking uPA-occupied uPAR was capable of directly inducing superoxide release as well as enhancing FMLP-stimulated superoxide release.	Superoxides	146-156	plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor	Homo sapiens	52-56
11392115-1	2001	The main components of antioxidant enzyme system (AOS) are superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) catalyses the conversion of the superoxide anion.	Superoxides	149-165	glutathione-disulfide reductase	Rattus norvegicus	90-111
11392115-1	2001	The main components of antioxidant enzyme system (AOS) are superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) catalyses the conversion of the superoxide anion.	Superoxides	149-165	glutathione-disulfide reductase	Rattus norvegicus	113-115
11208759-7	2001	Simultaneous direct measurement of superoxide (O(2)(-)) detected by an O(2)(-)-sensitive microsensor revealed that the moderately Ang-(1-7)-stimulated NO release was accompanied by a very slow concomitant O(2)(-) production with a relative low peak concentration in comparison to the O(2)(-) production of the strong NO releasers bradykinin and, especially, calcium ionophore.	Superoxides	35-45	angiogenin-1	Bos taurus	130-138
11208759-7	2001	Simultaneous direct measurement of superoxide (O(2)(-)) detected by an O(2)(-)-sensitive microsensor revealed that the moderately Ang-(1-7)-stimulated NO release was accompanied by a very slow concomitant O(2)(-) production with a relative low peak concentration in comparison to the O(2)(-) production of the strong NO releasers bradykinin and, especially, calcium ionophore.	Superoxides	47-51	angiogenin-1	Bos taurus	130-138
11208759-7	2001	Simultaneous direct measurement of superoxide (O(2)(-)) detected by an O(2)(-)-sensitive microsensor revealed that the moderately Ang-(1-7)-stimulated NO release was accompanied by a very slow concomitant O(2)(-) production with a relative low peak concentration in comparison to the O(2)(-) production of the strong NO releasers bradykinin and, especially, calcium ionophore.	Superoxides	47-54	angiogenin-1	Bos taurus	130-138
11208759-7	2001	Simultaneous direct measurement of superoxide (O(2)(-)) detected by an O(2)(-)-sensitive microsensor revealed that the moderately Ang-(1-7)-stimulated NO release was accompanied by a very slow concomitant O(2)(-) production with a relative low peak concentration in comparison to the O(2)(-) production of the strong NO releasers bradykinin and, especially, calcium ionophore.	Superoxides	71-75	angiogenin-1	Bos taurus	130-138
11208759-7	2001	Simultaneous direct measurement of superoxide (O(2)(-)) detected by an O(2)(-)-sensitive microsensor revealed that the moderately Ang-(1-7)-stimulated NO release was accompanied by a very slow concomitant O(2)(-) production with a relative low peak concentration in comparison to the O(2)(-) production of the strong NO releasers bradykinin and, especially, calcium ionophore.	Superoxides	71-75	angiogenin-1	Bos taurus	130-138
11208759-8	2001	Thus, Ang-(1-7) might preserve the vascular system, among others, due to its low formation of cytotoxic peroxynitrite by the reaction between NO and O(2)(-).	Superoxides	149-153	angiogenin-1	Bos taurus	6-14
10930585-5	2000	Superoxide anions were formed during reduction of TNT by zeta-crystallin, though negligible enzyme activity or protein content for superoxide dismutase, a superoxide scavenging enzyme, was found in the lens.	Superoxides	0-17	crystallin zeta	Bos taurus	57-72
34685682-3	2021	An analysis of the underlying mechanism revealed that MEHP promotes increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) by reducing the activity of superoxide dismutase in all lineages, possibly via its actions at the aryl hydrocarbon receptor.	Superoxides	139-149	aryl hydrocarbon receptor	Homo sapiens	209-234
10953023-7	2000	Aortic tissue from CBS(-/+) mice also demonstrated greater superoxide production and greater immunostaining for 3-nitrotyrosine, particularly on the endothelial surface.	Superoxides	59-69	cystathionine beta-synthase	Mus musculus	19-22
11172467-1	2001	We examined the effects of a variety of ligands/activators of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) on the expression of the superoxide scavenger enzyme, Cu2+,Zn2+-superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD), and the superoxide generating enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (reduced form) (NADPH) oxidase in primary cultures of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and human aorta endothelial cells (HAEC).	Superoxides	141-151	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	110-114
11172467-1	2001	We examined the effects of a variety of ligands/activators of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) on the expression of the superoxide scavenger enzyme, Cu2+,Zn2+-superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD), and the superoxide generating enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (reduced form) (NADPH) oxidase in primary cultures of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and human aorta endothelial cells (HAEC).	Superoxides	180-190	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	110-114
11732329-0	2001	Role of extracellular peroxidase in the superoxide production by wheat root cells.	Superoxides	40-50	peroxidase-like	Triticum aestivum	22-32
10922994-12	2000	MTP-PE administration increased macrophage superoxide production (20.6 +/- 2 vs 11.9 +/- 1.1 nmol/10(6) cells, P &lt;.005).	Superoxides	43-53	metallothionein 1B	Homo sapiens	0-3
11732329-1	2001	Extracellular peroxidase has been shown to contribute to superoxide production in wounded wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv.	Superoxides	57-67	peroxidase-like	Triticum aestivum	14-24
34214506-11	2021	Knockdown of Wwox using specific siRNA in vitro inhibited increase in superoxide caused by the high glucose.	Superoxides	70-80	WW domain-containing oxidoreductase	Mus musculus	13-17
11732329-9	2001	Results obtained indicate that extra-cellular peroxidase is involved in the superoxide production in wheat root cells.	Superoxides	76-86	peroxidase-like	Triticum aestivum	46-56
11789966-5	2001	In comparison to the normocholesterolemic state, hypercholesterolemia led to a significant increase in superoxide production (221 +/- 44%, p &lt; 0.02); this was reduced by ex vivo treatment of the vessel segment with Ang II-antagonist (to 130 +/- 29%; p &lt; 0.04 vs HC), or PKC-antagonist (to 86 +/- 26%; p &lt; 0.001 vs HC), or PDTC (to 103 +/- 27%; p &lt; 0.02 vs HC).	Superoxides	103-113	angiogenin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	218-221
10873967-5	2000	Superoxide anion production (respiratory burst) was determined by lucigenin enhanced chemiluminescence (LUCL); secondary granule lactoferrin release by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); and CD11b, CD18, and CD62L expression by flow cytometric analysis.	Superoxides	0-16	selectin L	Homo sapiens	216-221
34639006-7	2021	Using gene co-expression and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analyses, we identified complex I subunits NDUFS6 and NDUFA11 as RORalpha targets that mediated its function in suppressing superoxide generation in mitochondria.	Superoxides	190-200	NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A11	Homo sapiens	120-127
10886400-5	2000	PAF induced superoxide anion (O2-*) generation, leukotriene C4 (LTC4) release, intracellular calcium ion mobilization and tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple eosinophil proteins in a concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	12-28	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
10886400-5	2000	PAF induced superoxide anion (O2-*) generation, leukotriene C4 (LTC4) release, intracellular calcium ion mobilization and tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple eosinophil proteins in a concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	30-32	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
10879688-5	2000	Both CD64+ subsets (CD16+ or CD16-) exhibit high phagocytic activity accompanied by intracellular superoxide induction.	Superoxides	98-108	Fc gamma receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	5-9
10727402-5	2000	(3) The 5-HT(1A) receptor alters cellular redox properties, and generates both superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	79-89	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens	8-25
10727402-9	2000	Moreover, these experiments provide confirmation that the transfected human 5-HT(1A) receptor induces the production of ROS (superoxide and hydrogen peroxide) in CHO cells, and support the possibility that an NAD(P)H oxidase-like enzyme might be involved in the 5-HT-mediated generation of both superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	125-135	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens	76-93
34478853-11	2021	ETBR antagonist BQ788 inhibited hypoxia-increased expressions of Nox1/4, superoxide anion production, and proliferation of cells.	Superoxides	73-89	endothelin receptor type B	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
10727402-9	2000	Moreover, these experiments provide confirmation that the transfected human 5-HT(1A) receptor induces the production of ROS (superoxide and hydrogen peroxide) in CHO cells, and support the possibility that an NAD(P)H oxidase-like enzyme might be involved in the 5-HT-mediated generation of both superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	295-305	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens	76-93
10720412-7	2000	Superoxide production and DNA strand breaks in arsenite-treated cells were also suppressed by transfecting antisense oligonucleotides of p22phox, an essential component of NADH oxidase.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	137-144
34573126-9	2021	By contrast, PEX7 mutation caused changes in Cd-induced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion (O2 -) levels in the roots, delaying ROS-scavenging.	Superoxides	85-101	peroxin 7	Arabidopsis thaliana	13-17
10979599-1	2000	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) controls the availability of extracellular superoxide and appears to play a role in controlling intercellular signaling.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	36-42
34171392-1	2021	In addition to its pivotal role in purine metabolism, xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is one of the key enzymes involved in superoxide radical generation.	Superoxides	122-132	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	54-77
10583446-2	1999	The nonglycosylated 22 kDa alpha-subunit of the NADH/NADPH oxidase (p22 phox) of the vasculature acts as the final electron transporter in the generation of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	157-173	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	68-71
10586945-3	1999	This study was intended to determine whether retinal soluble proteins such as S-antigen and interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) play a role in the induction of *NO and superoxide by a macrophage cell line and by rat and rabbit peritoneal macrophages.	Superoxides	183-193	S-antigen visual arrestin	Rattus norvegicus	78-87
34171392-1	2021	In addition to its pivotal role in purine metabolism, xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is one of the key enzymes involved in superoxide radical generation.	Superoxides	122-132	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	79-82
10586945-7	1999	Superoxide production was measured by superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of cytochrome C. RESULTS: Both S-antigen and IRBP induced significant, dose-dependent nitrite production in RAW 264.7 and rat peritoneal macrophages.	Superoxides	0-10	S-antigen visual arrestin	Rattus norvegicus	112-121
10586945-10	1999	S-antigen also induced superoxide production in rabbit peritoneal macrophages, but not in RAW 264.7.	Superoxides	23-33	S-antigen visual arrestin	Rattus norvegicus	0-9
34733484-6	2021	FA administration caused significant hematotoxicity represented by elevated white blood cell numbers and serum malondialdehyde levels and reduced red blood cell numbers, platelets, and serum superoxide dismutase values.	Superoxides	191-201	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Rattus norvegicus	0-2
10559253-2	1999	Activation of the superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase requires interaction between p47(phox) and p22(phox), which is mediated via the SH3 domains of the former protein.	Superoxides	18-28	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	92-101
10559253-2	1999	Activation of the superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase requires interaction between p47(phox) and p22(phox), which is mediated via the SH3 domains of the former protein.	Superoxides	18-28	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	106-109
10559253-2	1999	Activation of the superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase requires interaction between p47(phox) and p22(phox), which is mediated via the SH3 domains of the former protein.	Superoxides	18-28	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	96-100
35358850-6	2022	The activation of the superoxide anion-generating enzyme NADPH oxidase 1 is responsible for the oxidative stress that leads to the disruption of barrier function in human endothelial cells in vitro.	Superoxides	22-38	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	57-72
10479660-1	1999	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) protects arteries against deleterious effects of superoxide anions and the development of atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	93-110	extracellular superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Oryctolagus cuniculus	0-34
10479660-1	1999	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) protects arteries against deleterious effects of superoxide anions and the development of atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	93-110	extracellular superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Oryctolagus cuniculus	36-42
35612680-4	2022	HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital) and LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital) and ESP-fitted charge analysis of EUK-134 indicate that Mn atom plays an electron acceptor and donor for dismutation reactions of superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by EUK-134, respectively.	Superoxides	219-229	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type V, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	93-96
10496311-0	1999	Digestion of C1q collagen-like domain with MMPs-1,-2,-3, and -9 further defines the sequence involved in the stimulation of neutrophil superoxide production.	Superoxides	135-145	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	13-16
10496311-0	1999	Digestion of C1q collagen-like domain with MMPs-1,-2,-3, and -9 further defines the sequence involved in the stimulation of neutrophil superoxide production.	Superoxides	135-145	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	43-63
10496311-1	1999	C1q, a subunit of the first component (C1) of the classical complement pathway, binds to neutrophils via its collagen-like region (C1q-CLR) stimulating superoxide production.	Superoxides	152-162	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	0-3
10496311-1	1999	C1q, a subunit of the first component (C1) of the classical complement pathway, binds to neutrophils via its collagen-like region (C1q-CLR) stimulating superoxide production.	Superoxides	152-162	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	131-134
35623546-8	2022	Mechanistically, we found aorta of G6PDS188F as compared to WT rats produced less sustained contraction and less inositol-1,2,3-phosphate (IP3) and superoxide in response to Ang-II.	Superoxides	148-158	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	35-44
10471451-7	1999	CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that superoxide radicals play an important role in the pathogenesis of delayed injury in the vulnerable hippocampal CA1 subregion after transient global ischemia.	Superoxides	37-47	carbonic anhydrase 1	Mus musculus	148-151
35625933-7	2022	Moreover, UVC/SK2 caused higher oxidative stress in oral cancer cells than normal cells through the examination of reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial superoxide, and mitochondrial membrane potential.	Superoxides	154-164	sphingosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	14-17
10485600-8	1999	The presence of IFN-gamma in the lung 5 h after CLP correlated with a twofold increases in lung superoxide generation and MPO activity (index of neutrophil sequestration).	Superoxides	96-106	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	16-25
10485600-12	1999	These results provide evidence that IFN-gamma may contribute to lung inflammation 5 h following CLP via increased production of superoxide.	Superoxides	128-138	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	36-45
10430744-5	1999	NO production and xanthine oxidase (XO)/xanthine dehydrogenase activity, which are responsible for O(2)(-) production, were enhanced during the LAR.	Superoxides	99-106	xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase	Cavia porcellus	40-62
10072549-5	1999	Human eosinophils produced superoxide when stimulated with immobilized IgG, soluble IL-5, or PAF.	Superoxides	27-37	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	93-96
10072549-8	1999	Furthermore, structurally distinct PAF antagonists, including CV6209, hexanolamine PAF, and Y-24180 (israpafant), inhibited IgG- or IL-5-induced superoxide production and degranulation.	Superoxides	145-155	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	35-38
10072549-8	1999	Furthermore, structurally distinct PAF antagonists, including CV6209, hexanolamine PAF, and Y-24180 (israpafant), inhibited IgG- or IL-5-induced superoxide production and degranulation.	Superoxides	145-155	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	83-86
10344630-0	1999	Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II inhibitors potentiate superoxide production in polymorphonuclear leukocytes.	Superoxides	66-76	calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II gamma	Mus musculus	0-43
35384894-5	2022	RGS5 deficiency increased baseline systolic blood pressure (SBP), and cerebral vascular superoxide levels in the presence of chronically elevated Ang II levels, suggesting that RGS5 deficiency leads to elevated blood pressure and deleterious cerebral vascular outcomes in aged mice.	Superoxides	88-98	regulator of G-protein signaling 5	Mus musculus	0-4
10344630-1	1999	The possible role of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMK II) in superoxide anion (O2-) production induced by formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) was investigated in mouse polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs).	Superoxides	78-94	calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II gamma	Mus musculus	21-64
10344630-1	1999	The possible role of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMK II) in superoxide anion (O2-) production induced by formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) was investigated in mouse polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs).	Superoxides	78-94	calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II gamma	Mus musculus	66-73
10344630-1	1999	The possible role of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMK II) in superoxide anion (O2-) production induced by formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) was investigated in mouse polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs).	Superoxides	96-99	calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II gamma	Mus musculus	21-64
10344630-1	1999	The possible role of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMK II) in superoxide anion (O2-) production induced by formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) was investigated in mouse polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs).	Superoxides	96-99	calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II gamma	Mus musculus	66-73
10344630-2	1999	KN-93 and KN-62, specific CaMK II inhibitors, augmented FMLP-induced O2- production.	Superoxides	69-71	calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II gamma	Mus musculus	26-33
10344630-7	1999	These results suggest that the inhibition of CaMK II resulted in the augmentation of FMLP-induced O2- production in PMNs by a mechanism different from that of the augmentation shown by TNF-alpha.	Superoxides	98-100	calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II gamma	Mus musculus	45-52
35384894-5	2022	RGS5 deficiency increased baseline systolic blood pressure (SBP), and cerebral vascular superoxide levels in the presence of chronically elevated Ang II levels, suggesting that RGS5 deficiency leads to elevated blood pressure and deleterious cerebral vascular outcomes in aged mice.	Superoxides	88-98	regulator of G-protein signaling 5	Mus musculus	177-181
9804763-2	1998	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytic cells is a multicomponent system containing a membrane-bound flavocytochrome b and a small G protein Rac as well as cytosolic factors p67(phox) (phagocyte oxidase), p47(phox), and p40(phox), which translocate to the membrane upon activation.	Superoxides	4-14	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	227-230
35110539-9	2022	Moreover, baicalein treatment inhibited ferroptosis in adenine-stimulated PTEC by selectively modulating the mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and thus, suppressing mitochondrial superoxide production and DNA damage.	Superoxides	208-218	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	142-164
9797345-6	1998	Inhibition of NADH/NADPH oxidase, which generates superoxide and H2O2, with diphenylene iodonium or apocynin decreased Ang II-induced MCP-1 mRNA accumulation.	Superoxides	50-60	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Rattus norvegicus	134-139
35110539-9	2022	Moreover, baicalein treatment inhibited ferroptosis in adenine-stimulated PTEC by selectively modulating the mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and thus, suppressing mitochondrial superoxide production and DNA damage.	Superoxides	208-218	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	166-170
35205334-4	2022	This study aimed to evaluate changes in IL-6 concentration and the concentration/activity of superoxide dismutase isoenzymes (SOD1, SOD2, and SOD3) in the blood of patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) in terms of rs1800795 polymorphism in the IL6 gene.	Superoxides	93-103	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	132-136
9763465-7	1998	Caspase-3-like activity paralleled intracellular superoxide production, with peak activity seen after 8 hr.	Superoxides	49-59	caspase-3-like	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
9763465-8	1998	Treatment with the corresponding caspase-3-like protease inhibitor acetyl-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-aldehyde (10 microM) prevented the increase in caspase-3-like activity and staurosporine-induced nuclear fragmentation, but failed to prevent the rise in superoxide production and subsequent cell death.	Superoxides	244-254	caspase-3-like	Rattus norvegicus	33-47
9763465-8	1998	Treatment with the corresponding caspase-3-like protease inhibitor acetyl-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-aldehyde (10 microM) prevented the increase in caspase-3-like activity and staurosporine-induced nuclear fragmentation, but failed to prevent the rise in superoxide production and subsequent cell death.	Superoxides	244-254	caspase-3-like	Rattus norvegicus	137-151
35174211-8	2021	Increased superoxide formation in the brain was mirrored by a downregulation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (Nos3) and transcription factor Foxo3 genes, whereas Vcam1 mRNA, a marker for inflammation was upregulated in all noise exposure groups.	Superoxides	10-20	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	80-110
9763473-9	1998	These results suggest that superoxide radicals play a role in the delayed ischemic death of hippocampal CA1 neurons.	Superoxides	27-37	carbonic anhydrase 1	Rattus norvegicus	104-107
12525122-5	2001	RESULTS: In comparison with control, musk-1 at concentration 1-100 micrograms.ml-1 can increase superoxide anion production by 91.7%-291%, and decrease beta-glucuronidase and lysozyme release by 2.2%-58.1% and 3.9%-39.8%, respectively.	Superoxides	96-112	muscle associated receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	37-41
11007780-1	2000	The superoxide (O(2))-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes consists of a membrane-associated flavocytochrome (cytochrome b(559)) and four cytosolic proteins, p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (Rac1 or -2).	Superoxides	4-14	inhibitor of growth family member 1	Homo sapiens	168-171
11007780-1	2000	The superoxide (O(2))-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes consists of a membrane-associated flavocytochrome (cytochrome b(559)) and four cytosolic proteins, p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (Rac1 or -2).	Superoxides	16-20	inhibitor of growth family member 1	Homo sapiens	168-171
11104691-9	2000	In conclusion, the present study has clearly demonstrated that the activation of PKC as well as superoxide production followed by activation of NF-kappaB is responsible for homocysteine-induced MCP-1 expression in VSMCs.	Superoxides	96-106	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	194-199
9799359-2	1998	Transcription of UTH1 was decreased by the superoxide anion and increased by hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	43-59	SUN family protein UTH1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	17-21
9799359-4	1998	The uth1 mutant showed increased resistance to peroxides and, in contrast, was sensitive to superoxide or the thiol oxidant diamide.	Superoxides	92-102	SUN family protein UTH1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	4-8
9788896-10	1998	Thus, PP1/PP2a appear to be the primary phosphatases for controlling the intensity of the respiratory burst during receptor-elicited superoxide production in AM, whereas PP1/PP2a and PP2b play a role in turning off the respiratory burst.	Superoxides	133-143	protein phosphatase 2 phosphatase activator	Homo sapiens	10-14
35075692-0	2022	TREM-1 is required for enhanced OpZ-induced superoxide generation following priming.	Superoxides	44-54	triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1	Mus musculus	0-6
9856476-1	1998	A membrane-bound cytochrome b558, a heterodimer consisting of gp91-phox and p22-phox, is a critical component of the superoxide (O2-)-generating reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase in phagocytes.	Superoxides	117-127	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	76-84
9856476-1	1998	A membrane-bound cytochrome b558, a heterodimer consisting of gp91-phox and p22-phox, is a critical component of the superoxide (O2-)-generating reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase in phagocytes.	Superoxides	129-131	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	76-84
11093939-5	2000	Scavenging O(2)(-) and related oxidants by superoxide dismutase plus catalase or N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) and inhibiting Mox1 oxidase by diphenylene iodonium activated caspase 3-like proteases and markedly enhanced chromatin condensation and DNA fragmentation.	Superoxides	11-15	catalase	Cavia porcellus	69-77
11106438-11	2000	Thus, the L243 scFvhCH2 homo-dimer constitutes the minimal truncated form that binds the MHC Class II antigen and triggers superoxide production through FcgammaRI.	Superoxides	123-133	Fc gamma receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	153-162
35075692-3	2022	We previously reported that Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) mediates neutrophil effector functions such as increased superoxide generation, transepithelial migration, and chemotaxis.	Superoxides	143-153	triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1	Mus musculus	28-76
11192322-9	2000	RESULTS: Neutrophils from patients receiving 50, 100 or 150 microg/m2 G-CSF, but not from control patients or those receiving 25 microg/m2, showed significantly increased phagocytosis and killing at 96 h. Doses of 50 or 150 microg/m2 G-CSF resulted in increased superoxide production at 96 h. No patients discontinued treatment as a consequence of side effects related to G-CSF administration.	Superoxides	262-272	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	70-75
9846011-1	1998	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) rapidly primed human neutrophils for enhanced superoxide (O2-) release, and membrane depolarization stimulated by chemotactic peptide (N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine), interleukin 8, concanavalin A (Con A) and ionomycin.	Superoxides	183-193	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	29-77
9846011-1	1998	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) rapidly primed human neutrophils for enhanced superoxide (O2-) release, and membrane depolarization stimulated by chemotactic peptide (N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine), interleukin 8, concanavalin A (Con A) and ionomycin.	Superoxides	183-193	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	91-128
9846011-1	1998	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) rapidly primed human neutrophils for enhanced superoxide (O2-) release, and membrane depolarization stimulated by chemotactic peptide (N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine), interleukin 8, concanavalin A (Con A) and ionomycin.	Superoxides	183-193	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	130-135
35075692-3	2022	We previously reported that Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) mediates neutrophil effector functions such as increased superoxide generation, transepithelial migration, and chemotaxis.	Superoxides	143-153	triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1	Mus musculus	78-84
9846011-1	1998	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) rapidly primed human neutrophils for enhanced superoxide (O2-) release, and membrane depolarization stimulated by chemotactic peptide (N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine), interleukin 8, concanavalin A (Con A) and ionomycin.	Superoxides	195-197	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	29-77
9846011-1	1998	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) rapidly primed human neutrophils for enhanced superoxide (O2-) release, and membrane depolarization stimulated by chemotactic peptide (N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine), interleukin 8, concanavalin A (Con A) and ionomycin.	Superoxides	195-197	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	91-128
11024007-5	2000	Lastly, platelets isolated from NOS3-deficient mice released 80% less superoxide as compared with control animals (P=0.011), and incubation of NOS III-deficient platelets with 500 mM a-tocopherol only caused a modest additional decrease in platelet superoxide release (NS).	Superoxides	249-259	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	143-150
9846011-1	1998	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) rapidly primed human neutrophils for enhanced superoxide (O2-) release, and membrane depolarization stimulated by chemotactic peptide (N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine), interleukin 8, concanavalin A (Con A) and ionomycin.	Superoxides	195-197	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	130-135
35075692-10	2022	In contrast, priming significantly enhanced OpZ-induced oxygen consumption and superoxide production in WT but not Trem-1-/- neutrophils indicating that TREM-1 is required for primed oxidative burst.	Superoxides	79-89	triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1	Mus musculus	153-159
11129782-1	2000	Transgenic mice overexpressing the amyloid precursor protein (APP) have a profound impairment in endothelium-dependent cerebrovascular responses that is counteracted by the superoxide scavenger superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	173-183	amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein	Mus musculus	35-60
35204081-7	2022	The acute antioxidant role of iPLA2gamma-released FAs is supported by monitoring both intramitochondrial superoxide and extramitochondrial H2O2 release.	Superoxides	105-115	patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 8	Mus musculus	30-40
10788501-1	2000	The superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase can be activated by arachidonic acid (AA) or by phosphorylation of p47(phox) under cell-free conditions.	Superoxides	4-14	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	116-119
10788501-1	2000	The superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase can be activated by arachidonic acid (AA) or by phosphorylation of p47(phox) under cell-free conditions.	Superoxides	4-14	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	120-124
10788501-7	2000	Furthermore, phosphorylated p47(phox) effectively binds to p22(phox) and activates the oxidase in the presence of AA at low concentrations (1-5 micrometer), where an unphosphorylated protein only slightly supports superoxide production.	Superoxides	214-224	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	28-31
10788501-7	2000	Furthermore, phosphorylated p47(phox) effectively binds to p22(phox) and activates the oxidase in the presence of AA at low concentrations (1-5 micrometer), where an unphosphorylated protein only slightly supports superoxide production.	Superoxides	214-224	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	32-36
9715256-1	1998	Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in solution primes neutrophils for enhanced release of superoxide in response to N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine.	Superoxides	80-90	interferon regulatory factor 6	Homo sapiens	20-23
9675145-3	1998	We therefore tested a more recently described chemiluminescence probe (2-methyl-6-phenyl-3,7-dihydroimidazol[1,2-alpha]pyrazine-3-one (CLA)) to estimate the ability of vascular tissue to generate *O-2 as an alternative to lucigenin.	Superoxides	197-200	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	135-138
9685645-0	1998	Superoxide radicals are mediators of the effects of methamphetamine on Zif268 (Egr-1, NGFI-A) in the brain: evidence from using CuZn superoxide dismutase transgenic mice.	Superoxides	0-19	early growth response 1	Mus musculus	71-77
9685645-0	1998	Superoxide radicals are mediators of the effects of methamphetamine on Zif268 (Egr-1, NGFI-A) in the brain: evidence from using CuZn superoxide dismutase transgenic mice.	Superoxides	0-19	early growth response 1	Mus musculus	79-84
9685645-0	1998	Superoxide radicals are mediators of the effects of methamphetamine on Zif268 (Egr-1, NGFI-A) in the brain: evidence from using CuZn superoxide dismutase transgenic mice.	Superoxides	0-19	early growth response 1	Mus musculus	86-92
10865844-2	2000	The NADH/NADPH oxidase system, which includes a 22 kD subunit (p22 phox), is the major source of superoxide production in vascular tissues.	Superoxides	97-107	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	63-66
35024970-14	2022	(5) miR-21-deficient mice exhibited increased cardiac PGC-1alpha, PPARalpha and eNOS protein and reduced endothelial superoxide.	Superoxides	117-127	microRNA 21a	Mus musculus	4-10
10779444-4	2000	G-CSF-induced neutrophils of patients with SCN are functionally defective (eg, chemotaxis, superoxide anion generation, Ca(++ )mobilization).	Superoxides	91-107	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-5
9685645-9	1998	These results indicate that superoxide radicals might play an important role in the activation of Zif268 after METH administration.	Superoxides	28-38	early growth response 1	Mus musculus	98-104
9642219-2	1998	Superoxide generation by the neutrophil respiratory burst oxidase (NADPH oxidase) can be reconstituted in a cell-free system using flavocytochrome b558 and the cytosolic proteins p47(phox), p67(phox), and Rac.	Superoxides	0-10	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	179-182
35053313-4	2022	SLC4A11, at the inner mitochondrial membrane, facilitates glutamine catabolism and suppresses the production of mitochondrial superoxide by providing ammonia-sensitive H+ uncoupling that reduces glutamine-driven mitochondrial membrane potential hyperpolarization.	Superoxides	126-136	solute carrier family 4, sodium bicarbonate transporter-like, member 11	Mus musculus	0-7
9651192-4	1998	Although only VCAM-1 stimulated EOS superoxide anion (O2-) generation, the addition of GM-CSF (100 pM) to the reactions resulted in a greater and equivalent production of O2- with VCAM-1 and ICAM-1.	Superoxides	171-173	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	87-93
9661038-0	1998	Inhibitory effect of erythromycin on superoxide anion production by human neutrophils primed with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor.	Superoxides	37-53	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	98-135
9658063-0	1998	Cell-permeable scavengers of superoxide prevent long-term potentiation in hippocampal area CA1.	Superoxides	29-39	carbonic anhydrase 1	Rattus norvegicus	91-94
9624128-1	1998	The superoxide generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes consists, in resting cells, of a membrane-associated electron transporting flavocytochrome (cytochrome b559) and four cytosolic proteins as follows: p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase, Rac(1 or 2).	Superoxides	4-14	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	203-206
9626179-8	1998	Conversely, superoxides (generated with 10 mU/mL xanthine oxidase plus 0.6 mmol/L hypoxanthine, and 100 mumol/L hydrogen peroxide) induced the accumulation of PAI-1 and collagen (n = 6).	Superoxides	12-23	serpin family E member 2	Rattus norvegicus	159-164
9534963-2	1998	Superoxide anion production was significantly increased ex vivo in monocytes from patients receiving GM-CSF but not in those from patients receiving azithromycin alone.	Superoxides	0-16	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	101-107
9534963-4	1998	Although no effect on mycobacteremia was detected, the administration of GM-CSF to AIDS patients with MAC bacteremia resulted in activation of their blood monocytes, as evidenced by increased superoxide anion production and enhanced mycobactericidal activity.	Superoxides	192-208	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	73-79
10093201-7	1998	A positive correlation was observed between the killing capacity, the O2- production and the amount of IFN-gamma in PBMC supernatants employed for monocyte activation.	Superoxides	70-72	interferon gamma	Canis lupus familiaris	103-112
9485188-9	1998	Together with an augmentation of neutrophil reactive oxidant species production and release of superoxide anions, these data raise the possibility that soluble E-selectin exerts pro-inflammatory effects upon neutrophil function at sites of inflammation, thereby exacerbating disease processes.	Superoxides	95-112	selectin E	Homo sapiens	160-170
9443792-7	1998	Osteoclast superoxide production, monitored kinetically by cytochrome c reduction and histochemically by nitroblue tetrazolium reduction staining, was significantly greater in the presence of 121F, but not 29C, Fab treatment.	Superoxides	11-21	FA complementation group B	Homo sapiens	211-214
9443792-8	1998	Furthermore, the release of another free radical known as nitric oxide, which is produced by osteoclasts, can scavenge superoxides, and acts to potently inhibit osteoclast bone resorption, was dose-dependently increased by 121F Fab in resorbing osteoclast cultures.	Superoxides	119-130	FA complementation group B	Homo sapiens	228-231
10684481-2	1998	When nitrates are metabolized to release NO, there is a considerable coproduction of reactive oxygen species (superoxide radical and peroxynitrite) in vessels leading to inactivation of NO, to diminished cyclic quanosine monophosphate production in smooth muscle cells (SMC), to impaired vasomotor responses to the endothelium-derived relaxation factor (EDRF), and to formation of nitrotyrosine as a marker of glyceryltrinitrate (GTN)-induced formation of peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	110-128	alpha hemoglobin stabilizing protein	Homo sapiens	315-352
10684481-2	1998	When nitrates are metabolized to release NO, there is a considerable coproduction of reactive oxygen species (superoxide radical and peroxynitrite) in vessels leading to inactivation of NO, to diminished cyclic quanosine monophosphate production in smooth muscle cells (SMC), to impaired vasomotor responses to the endothelium-derived relaxation factor (EDRF), and to formation of nitrotyrosine as a marker of glyceryltrinitrate (GTN)-induced formation of peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	110-128	alpha hemoglobin stabilizing protein	Homo sapiens	354-358
9386357-3	1997	The PAM model suggested that TNF-alpha and GM-CSF could activate PAM to restrict the intracellular growth of the bacteria, probably not through the superoxide anion release, but through the myeloperoxidasae-halide system.	Superoxides	148-164	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	43-49
9441913-1	1997	The reactions of two hydroxylamines, 1-hydroxy-3-carboxy-pyrrolidine (CP-H) and 1-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-oxo-piperidine (TEMPONE-H), with superoxide radicals and peroxynitrite were studied.	Superoxides	145-164	carboxypeptidase E	Homo sapiens	70-74
9441913-7	1997	Therefore, the quantification of the formation of superoxide radicals and of peroxynitrite is much less affected by ascorbic acid when CP-H, but not TEMPONE-H, is used.	Superoxides	50-60	carboxypeptidase E	Homo sapiens	135-139
9441913-11	1997	Hydroxylamines TEMPONE-H and CP-H can be used as nontoxic compounds in ESR assay capable of quantifying the formation of superoxide radicals and peroxynitrite in suspensions of cells and in the whole blood with high sensitivity.	Superoxides	121-140	carboxypeptidase E	Homo sapiens	29-33
9310604-11	1997	After 7 days" treatment, neutrophil superoxide production was significantly higher in the G-CSF group than in the placebo group (16.1 [4.2-24.2] vs 7.3 [2.1-11.5] nmol per 10(6) neutrophils in 30 min; p &lt; 0.0001).	Superoxides	36-46	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	90-95
9332317-4	1997	PMN treated with GM-CSF also displayed increased phagocytosis of latex particles and enhanced oxidative burst and superoxide anion release.	Superoxides	114-130	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	17-23
9278333-5	1997	Furthermore, the TGF-beta1-induced M-CSF mRNA expression was inhibited by catalase, but not by superoxide dismutase, suggesting that H2O2 rather than superoxide anion (O2.-) is the primary mediator of the effects of TGF-beta1.	Superoxides	150-166	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	35-40
9278333-5	1997	Furthermore, the TGF-beta1-induced M-CSF mRNA expression was inhibited by catalase, but not by superoxide dismutase, suggesting that H2O2 rather than superoxide anion (O2.-) is the primary mediator of the effects of TGF-beta1.	Superoxides	135-137	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	35-40
9336880-6	1997	Following stimulation with C5a complement derived from normal serum, the neutrophils from the FXI deficient animals exhibited a greater increase (P &lt; 0.05) in both alkaline phosphatase release and superoxide production.	Superoxides	200-210	coagulation factor XI	Bos taurus	94-97
9336880-9	1997	The C5a complement from FXI deficient serum was more effective (P &lt; 0.05) in stimulating alkaline phosphatase release and superoxide production in normal neutrophils than the equivalent fraction from FXI deficient serum while the C3b complement from the FXI deficient serum was less effective than the normal serum fraction at inducing myeloperoxidase release from normal neutrophils.	Superoxides	125-135	coagulation factor XI	Bos taurus	24-27
9269528-3	1997	However, by day 2 of culture, PAF induced an increase in O2- generation that was inhibited by pretreatment with the PAF receptor antagonist WEB 2086.	Superoxides	57-59	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	30-33
9269528-3	1997	However, by day 2 of culture, PAF induced an increase in O2- generation that was inhibited by pretreatment with the PAF receptor antagonist WEB 2086.	Superoxides	57-59	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	116-119
9269528-8	1997	In contrast, pretreatment with the protein kinase C inhibitor staurosporine had no effect on PAF-induced tyrosine phosphorylation, but did inhibit PAF-induced O2- generation.	Superoxides	159-161	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	147-150
9060453-1	1997	The NADPH oxidase that produces superoxide in professional phagocytic cells is a flavocytochrome b electron transport chain in the membrane, a heterodimer of gp91phox and p22phox, that is activated by a number of cytosolic proteins, including p47phox, p67phox, and the small GTP-binding protein p21rac, which translocate to the membrane and attach to the flavocytochrome on activation.	Superoxides	32-42	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	171-178
9070876-1	1997	The reactions of new spin trap 1-hydroxy-3-carboxy-pyrrolidine (CP-H) with superoxide radicals and peroxynitrite were studied.	Superoxides	75-94	carboxypeptidase E	Homo sapiens	64-68
9070876-6	1997	During the reaction of CP-H and TEMPONE-H with superoxide radicals or peroxynitrite the stable nitroxide radicals 3-carboxy-proxyl (CP) and 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-oxo-piperidinoxyl (TEMPONE) are formed.	Superoxides	47-66	carboxypeptidase E	Homo sapiens	23-27
9070876-8	1997	Therefore quantification of the formation of superoxide radicals and of peroxynitrite by CP-H is much less hindered by a variety of biological reductants than in case of TEMPONE-H.	Superoxides	45-64	carboxypeptidase E	Homo sapiens	89-93
9070876-9	1997	Thus, CP-H is more suitable for spin trapping of superoxide radicals and peroxynitrite in biological systems than the TEMPONE-H.	Superoxides	49-68	carboxypeptidase E	Homo sapiens	6-10
9032440-1	1997	Flavocytochrome b558 of the NADPH oxidase which generates superoxide in phagocytic cells, is a alpha1 beta1 heterodimer of gp91phox and p22phox, which together form a membrane-spanning electron-transport chain that transfers electrons from NADPH in the cytosol to oxygen.	Superoxides	58-68	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	136-143
9048341-9	1997	Overexpressed Crry suppressed antibody/complement induced production of superoxide, one of the inflammatory mediators induced by sublytic complement attack.	Superoxides	72-82	complement C3b/C4b receptor 1 like	Rattus norvegicus	14-18
8973571-9	1996	Furthermore, the interaction of LPS with cell-surface L-selectin results in superoxide production, indicating that L-selectin can mediate both binding and activation of human neutrophils.	Superoxides	76-86	selectin L	Homo sapiens	54-64
8973571-9	1996	Furthermore, the interaction of LPS with cell-surface L-selectin results in superoxide production, indicating that L-selectin can mediate both binding and activation of human neutrophils.	Superoxides	76-86	selectin L	Homo sapiens	115-125
8826976-0	1996	High D-glucose-induced changes in endothelial Ca2+/EDRF signaling are due to generation of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	91-108	alpha hemoglobin stabilizing protein	Homo sapiens	51-55
8921344-6	1996	PAM from V-exposed hosts were also inhibited in their ability to be primed by IFN gamma to produce superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide in response to stimulation with opsonized zymosan.	Superoxides	99-115	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	78-87
8798426-5	1996	p67(phox)-(1-246), a truncated form of the protein which eliminates SH3 domains involved in binding to p47(phox), also supports superoxide generation, both in the presence and absence of p47(phox), providing further evidence for p47(phox) independent activity.	Superoxides	128-138	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	103-106
8703027-7	1996	A mutant p47(phox) with this substitution is incapable of supporting superoxide production under cell-free activation conditions.	Superoxides	69-79	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	9-12
8703027-7	1996	A mutant p47(phox) with this substitution is incapable of supporting superoxide production under cell-free activation conditions.	Superoxides	69-79	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	13-17
8872362-9	1996	SCA40 (1 nM-10 microM) produced a concentration-related inhibition of FMLP (30 nM approximately EC50)-induced superoxide production (-log IC50 = 5.48 +/- 0.10; n = 6) and elastase release (-log IC50 = 5.50 +/- 0.26; n = 6).	Superoxides	110-120	coiled-coil domain containing 88C	Homo sapiens	0-5
8946701-1	1996	The in vitro effect of recombinant human Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (rh-GMCSF) on the leishmanicidal activity and superoxide anion productivity of macrophages derived from human blood monocytes (MOs) were investigated.	Superoxides	136-152	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	94-99
8946701-8	1996	The priming effect of rh-GMCSF on superoxide anion production by human MOs stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) was both dose-dependent and time-dependent.	Superoxides	34-50	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	25-30
8946701-9	1996	In 72 hour-old human MOs, the maximum superoxide anion release was generated by MOs primed for 45 min with 500 U/mL of rh-GMCSF.	Superoxides	38-54	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	122-127
8702551-10	1996	These findings indicate that both Mn-SOD and O2 may regulate the levels of a cellular oxidant involved in both basal and TNF-induced IL-1alpha expression, presumably superoxide.	Superoxides	166-176	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	133-142
8840537-10	1996	These results suggest that low dose G-CSF effectively and safely mobilizes a sufficient quantity of PMN from GT-donors without excessive superoxide generation from the transfused cells.	Superoxides	137-147	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	36-41
8796364-2	1996	Neutrophils from patients treated with nifedipine showed a significantly lower superoxide generation stimulated by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) (50 ng mL-1), opsonized zymosan (1 mg mL-1) or formyl-methionyl-leucylphenylalanine (FMLP) (10(-7) M), whereas superoxide generation by neutrophils of patients receiving diltiazem or verapamil showed only a slight and insignificant reduction compared with controls.	Superoxides	79-89	L1 cell adhesion molecule	Mus musculus	154-158
8622631-9	1996	Anti-cytochrome b5 IgG decreased NADPH- and NADH-dependent HER formation, and this was associated with inhibition of superoxide formation with both reductants.	Superoxides	117-127	cytochrome b5 type A	Homo sapiens	5-18
8622631-13	1996	Cytochrome b5 seems to play a role in HER formation, most likely due to its effect on superoxide production.	Superoxides	86-96	cytochrome b5 type A	Homo sapiens	0-13
8615820-1	1996	(1) Treatment of resident peritoneal macrophages for 8 h with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) increased release of superoxide anion (O2-) stimulated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.	Superoxides	128-144	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	62-98
8615820-1	1996	(1) Treatment of resident peritoneal macrophages for 8 h with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) increased release of superoxide anion (O2-) stimulated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.	Superoxides	128-144	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	100-105
8615820-1	1996	(1) Treatment of resident peritoneal macrophages for 8 h with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) increased release of superoxide anion (O2-) stimulated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.	Superoxides	146-148	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	62-98
8615820-1	1996	(1) Treatment of resident peritoneal macrophages for 8 h with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) increased release of superoxide anion (O2-) stimulated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.	Superoxides	146-148	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	100-105
8615820-3	1996	Immunoblot analysis with antibody against heat shock protein (HSP) 90, HSP70, or HSP60 demonstrated that M-CSF induced these stress-inducible HSPs; the timing of induction and level of each HSP correlated with the increase in O2- production.	Superoxides	226-228	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	105-110
8615820-5	1996	M-CSF also stimulated the synthesis of a heat shock cognate protein (HSC70); however, the induction occurred at 1 h, when O2- production was not yet augmented, but at which time L-[35S]methionine incorporation into cell proteins was already enhanced.	Superoxides	122-124	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
8857670-0	1996	Activation of tyrosinase reduces the cytotoxic effects of the superoxide anion in B16 mouse melanoma cells.	Superoxides	62-78	tyrosinase	Mus musculus	14-24
8857670-1	1996	Tyrosinase may protect against oxidative stress by using the superoxide anion (O2-1.)	Superoxides	61-77	tyrosinase	Mus musculus	0-10
8857670-14	1996	We conclude that tyrosinase is able to utilise O2.- to produce melanin and this provides pigment cells with a unique anti-oxidant mechanism.	Superoxides	47-49	tyrosinase	Mus musculus	17-27
8612727-0	1996	Peroxynitrite formed by simultaneous generation of nitric oxide and superoxide selectively inhibits bovine aortic prostacyclin synthase.	Superoxides	68-78	prostaglandin I2 synthase	Bos taurus	114-135
8616070-0	1996	The regulation of neutrophil phospholipase A2 by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and its role in priming superoxide production.	Superoxides	122-132	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	49-97
8616070-6	1996	In cells preincubated with GM-CSF, time- and dose-dependent priming of FMLP-stimulated PLA2 responses were observed and inhibition of PLA2 by mepacrine was accompanied by the inhibition of FMLP-stimulated superoxide production down to the level of unprimed cells.	Superoxides	205-215	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	27-33
8616070-8	1996	These data suggest that a mepacrine-sensitive PLA2 may have a role in the GM-CSF mediated priming of superoxide production.	Superoxides	101-111	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	74-80
8598289-2	1996	We demonstrate that transcription of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae MT gene CUP1 is strongly activated by the superoxide anion generator menadione.	Superoxides	108-124	metallothionein CUP1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	74-78
8608807-1	1996	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), like granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimul ating factor (GM-CSF), rapidly primed human monocytes for enhanced release of superoxide (O-2) stimulated by receptor-mediated agonists, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) and concanavalin A (Con A), but not by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), which bypasses the receptors to stimulate the cells.	Superoxides	149-159	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	34-83
8608807-1	1996	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), like granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimul ating factor (GM-CSF), rapidly primed human monocytes for enhanced release of superoxide (O-2) stimulated by receptor-mediated agonists, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) and concanavalin A (Con A), but not by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), which bypasses the receptors to stimulate the cells.	Superoxides	149-159	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	85-91
8728118-8	1996	These results lead us to suggest that the mechanism of action of DAO involves the intermediate generation of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	109-119	D-amino acid oxidase	Homo sapiens	65-68
8720667-0	1996	LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) and ICAM-1 (CD54) antibodies attenuate superoxide anion release from polymorphonuclear leukocytes in rats with experimental acute pancreatitis.	Superoxides	58-74	integrin subunit alpha L	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
8720667-1	1996	The inhibitive effects of anti-CD11a/CD18 (LFA-1) and anti-CD54 (ICAM-1) antibodies on the generation of superoxide anion (O2-) by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) was elucidated in rats induced with experimental acute pancreatitis.	Superoxides	105-121	integrin subunit alpha L	Rattus norvegicus	43-48
8750888-9	1995	It is proposed that superoxide radicals affect spreading depression and brain edema produced by TBI and that this effect may either directly or indirectly modulate the expression of the c-fos and hsp70 genes after TBI.	Superoxides	20-39	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	186-191
7559586-3	1995	That is, in the presence of cyt b5 a greater percentage of the reducing equivalents from NADPH were utilized to generate substrate metabolites, primarily at the expense of the side product, superoxide.	Superoxides	190-200	cytochrome b5 type A	Homo sapiens	28-34
7575484-1	1995	Selective antagonists of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) [e.g. ML-7; 1-(5-iodonaphthalene-1-sulphonyl)-1H-hexahydro-1,4-diazepine hydrochloride] were found to inhibit superoxide (O2-) release from stimulated neutrophils.	Superoxides	168-178	myosin light chain kinase	Homo sapiens	25-50
7575484-1	1995	Selective antagonists of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) [e.g. ML-7; 1-(5-iodonaphthalene-1-sulphonyl)-1H-hexahydro-1,4-diazepine hydrochloride] were found to inhibit superoxide (O2-) release from stimulated neutrophils.	Superoxides	168-178	myosin light chain kinase	Homo sapiens	52-56
7561176-4	1995	MNC pretreated with M-CSF exhibited enhanced superoxide anion production in response to PMA (P = .026).	Superoxides	45-61	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	20-25
7643088-4	1995	Two types of superoxide scavengers, Cu2+/Zn2+ superoxide dismutase and ceruloplasmin, significantly reduced the increase in [3H]-GABA release induced by both SNP and SNAP, which assumes that NO requires superoxide to induce [3H]-GABA release from the neurons.	Superoxides	13-23	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	71-84
7564571-0	1995	Superoxide generation by alveolar macrophages from aged rats: improvement by in vitro treatment with IFN-gamma.	Superoxides	0-10	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	101-110
7564571-6	1995	However, AM from aged rats were primed with in vitro treatment with IFN-gamma for increased rate of O2- production to an equivalent level of that by AM from young animals.	Superoxides	100-102	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	68-77
7791340-3	1995	Therefore, we hypothesized that reperfused gut secretes platelet activating factor (PAF) via PLA2 activation that is responsible for increased PMN chemotaxis and priming for superoxide (O2-) generation.	Superoxides	174-184	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	84-87
7791340-3	1995	Therefore, we hypothesized that reperfused gut secretes platelet activating factor (PAF) via PLA2 activation that is responsible for increased PMN chemotaxis and priming for superoxide (O2-) generation.	Superoxides	186-188	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	84-87
7791340-10	1995	Similarly, gut I/R supernatant primed PMNs for O2- (P &lt; 0.05) compared to laparotomy, and this effect was abrogated by a PAF antagonist.	Superoxides	47-49	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	124-127
7738010-3	1995	Rac1 also activates superoxide production by the components (cytochrome b, p40phox, p67phox, and p47phox) of the neutrophil oxidase.	Superoxides	20-30	neutrophil cytosolic factor 4	Homo sapiens	75-82
7636807-9	1995	The oxygen electrode and spectrophotometer data indicate that there is a superoxide-generating NAD(P)H oxidase on the blastocyst surface.	Superoxides	73-83	NADPH oxidase 1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	95-110
7602192-7	1995	Furthermore, M-CSF promoted the production of superoxide and nitric oxide in macrophage.	Superoxides	46-56	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	13-18
8542540-10	1995	Superoxide is, at least partially, responsible for the vasoconstrictor response to C5a in the presence of N-Arg.	Superoxides	0-10	complement C5	Rattus norvegicus	83-86
8835629-0	1995	Glycosylation improves the priming effect exerted by recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (lenograstim) on human neutrophil superoxide production.	Superoxides	143-153	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	71-108
7658912-8	1995	These observations suggested that sodium beraprost inhibited fMLP induced superoxide generation of human neutrophils by the inhibition of p47phox phosphorylation and translocation by a Ca2+ dependent mechanism.	Superoxides	74-84	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	138-141
7549267-6	1995	G-CSF enhanced PMN superoxide anion (O2-) production and luminol-dependent chemiluminescence (CL) induced by opsonized zymosan in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	19-35	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-5
7549267-6	1995	G-CSF enhanced PMN superoxide anion (O2-) production and luminol-dependent chemiluminescence (CL) induced by opsonized zymosan in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	37-40	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-5
7982975-3	1994	J774 cells were also found to respond to immobilized IgG2a, but not IgG2b, by the increased production of superoxide, H2O2, and TNF-alpha.	Superoxides	106-116	immunoglobulin heavy variable V1-9	Mus musculus	53-58
7528241-5	1994	Our results suggest that both tyrosinase and thioredoxin reductase respond to oxidative stress in the epidermis as well as in melanoma cells and react with superoxide anion radicals to stimulate melanogenesis and to prevent peroxidative damage, respectively.	Superoxides	156-181	tyrosinase	Mus musculus	30-40
8028054-10	1994	The increase in quantity of p47 correlated with the increase in superoxide production during sepsis, and thus may be the major contributor to the high activity.	Superoxides	64-74	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	28-31
8016076-6	1994	Significantly we found that E21R and E21K antagonized the proliferative effect of GM-CSF on the erythroleukemic cell line TF-1 and primary acute myeloid leukemias, as well as GM-CSF-mediated stimulation of neutrophil superoxide production.	Superoxides	217-227	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	82-88
8016076-6	1994	Significantly we found that E21R and E21K antagonized the proliferative effect of GM-CSF on the erythroleukemic cell line TF-1 and primary acute myeloid leukemias, as well as GM-CSF-mediated stimulation of neutrophil superoxide production.	Superoxides	217-227	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	175-181
8075245-5	1994	Superoxide dismutase as well as KCN suppressed the radical production, thus being suggestive of the generation of superoxide radicals in the bc1 complex, while the mechanism of O2- production is the same as was suggested for isolated mitochondria.	Superoxides	114-133	brain cytoplasmic RNA 1	Rattus norvegicus	141-144
8075245-5	1994	Superoxide dismutase as well as KCN suppressed the radical production, thus being suggestive of the generation of superoxide radicals in the bc1 complex, while the mechanism of O2- production is the same as was suggested for isolated mitochondria.	Superoxides	177-179	brain cytoplasmic RNA 1	Rattus norvegicus	141-144
7514638-3	1994	Normal human eosinophils incubated in albumin-coated polystyrene plates released granule protein and produced superoxide anion when stimulated with human recombinant granulocyte-macrophage CSF (rGM-CSF), platelet-activating factor (PAF), or PMA.	Superoxides	110-126	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	189-192
8201270-5	1994	Although superoxide anions oxidize alpha 1-Pl and reduce its affinity for CAT-G and HLE, maneuvers aimed at modifying their concentrations did not modify the loss of CAT-G and HLE.	Superoxides	9-26	cathepsin G	Homo sapiens	74-79
8141770-3	1994	Activation of superoxide production by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate or formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine in whole cells, and by SDS in the cell-free assay, led to the dissociation of some of the p21rac2 from rhoGDI and its movement to the plasma membrane together with p47phox and p67phox.	Superoxides	14-24	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	214-220
8117710-8	1994	Superoxide-generating activity was subsequently reconstituted by adding pure rp67-phox and partially purified p21rac.	Superoxides	0-10	NIMA related kinase 2	Homo sapiens	77-81
8117710-9	1994	RGVHFIF inhibited superoxide production if added to the cell-free system during preincubation of rp47-phox with membrane.	Superoxides	18-28	S-antigen visual arrestin	Homo sapiens	97-101
7915871-8	1994	Finally, neutrophils plated on FN in the presence of anti-CD18 MoAbs and then washed, i.e. adherent cells blocked in their surface CD18 molecules, released O2- after adding TNF-alpha but only in the absence of additional anti-CD18 MoAbs.	Superoxides	156-158	lymphotoxin beta receptor	Homo sapiens	58-62
8117331-2	1994	In the spectrophotometric assay of cytochrome c reduction, superoxide (O2-) generation by neutrophils stimulated with N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (f-MLP) was reduced significantly when biotin was added.	Superoxides	59-69	MARCKS like 1	Homo sapiens	161-164
8117331-3	1994	In the CLA-dependent chemiluminescence test of neutrophils stimulated by f-MLP, biotin significantly reduced the generation of free radical species, including O2-, in a concentration-dependent manner, the concentration corresponding to 50% inhibition (IC50) of biotin for free radical generation was 1.12 x 10(-7) mol.	Superoxides	159-162	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	7-10
7908174-7	1994	In conclusion, P-selectin mediates the increased leukocyte flux induced by superoxide, whereas PAF and CD18 modulate leukocyte adhesion.	Superoxides	75-85	selectin P	Homo sapiens	15-25
8174315-2	1994	Exposure of adherent peripheral blood PMN to cytokines known to be present in RA joints (IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, GM-CSF) resulted in enhanced O2- production from both RA and controls.	Superoxides	140-142	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	111-117
8301209-8	1994	Furthermore, regulation of superoxide anion release in AM and IM by LPS and/or IFN-gamma was distinct.	Superoxides	27-43	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	79-88
7505023-4	1993	Freshly isolated alveolar macrophages from control rats were found to produce nitric oxide as well as hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion in response to in vitro treatment with inflammatory mediators such as IFN-gamma or LPS and phorbol esters, respectively.	Superoxides	124-140	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	211-220
8288022-0	1993	The mechanism of interaction of ceruloplasmin with superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	51-61	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	32-45
21573453-2	1993	To determine if proliferin gene expression is influenced by reactive oxygen species, superoxide radicals were generated in culture by the xanthine/xanthine oxidase couple.	Superoxides	85-95	prolactin family 2, subfamily c, member 2	Mus musculus	16-26
21573453-3	1993	The 1 kb cytoplasmic proliferin transcript accumulated up to ten-fold following extracellular superoxide production.	Superoxides	94-104	prolactin family 2, subfamily c, member 2	Mus musculus	21-31
21573453-8	1993	The results support a mechanism for tumour promoter-induced proliferin gene expression that involves a response to superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide or other shifts in the cellular equilibrium between pro-oxidant and anti-oxidant moieties.	Superoxides	115-132	prolactin family 2, subfamily c, member 2	Mus musculus	60-70
8409449-2	1993	Exposure to LPS, platelet-activating factor, certain cytokines, and other agents can prime human neutrophils for an increased release of superoxide anion (O2-) in response to stimuli.	Superoxides	137-153	interferon regulatory factor 6	Homo sapiens	12-15
8409449-2	1993	Exposure to LPS, platelet-activating factor, certain cytokines, and other agents can prime human neutrophils for an increased release of superoxide anion (O2-) in response to stimuli.	Superoxides	155-158	interferon regulatory factor 6	Homo sapiens	12-15
8409449-3	1993	Previous work with LPS has suggested that priming may involve alterations in signal transduction pathways related to the release of O2-.	Superoxides	132-134	interferon regulatory factor 6	Homo sapiens	19-22
8240339-1	1993	HNP-1 [correction of NHP-1], a member of a family of microbicidal cationic, cystine-rich polypeptides abundant in the azurophilic granules of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) interfered with detergent-induced cell-free activation of superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	235-245	HNP1	Homo sapiens	0-5
8250232-1	1993	An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been developed using polyclonal antibodies raised against two cytosolic proteins of 47 kDa (p47) and 67 kDa (p67) which behave as activation factors for the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase of neutrophils at the onset of phagocytosis.	Superoxides	206-216	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	141-144
8221964-12	1993	Cytotoxicity results from the 1e- redox-cycling of the PAH-o-quinone, concomittant production of superoxide anion and a subsequent alteration in redoxstate.	Superoxides	97-113	phenylalanine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	55-58
8403496-5	1993	On the other hand, MoAbs against Fc gamma RI, Fc gamma RII and especially CR3 could also induce superoxide anion synthesis.	Superoxides	96-112	Fc gamma receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	33-44
8223583-11	1993	Monomeric rac1 p21, obtained by these procedures, was able to stimulate cell-free O2- generation.	Superoxides	82-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	15-18
8229768-2	1993	The purpose of this investigation was to study the role of phospholipase A2 (PLA2), arachidonic acid (AA), its metabolites, and protein kinase C (PKC) in the mechanism of PMA-stimulated O2- generation of liver infiltrated PMN as compared to circulating blood PMN.	Superoxides	186-188	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	59-75
8229768-2	1993	The purpose of this investigation was to study the role of phospholipase A2 (PLA2), arachidonic acid (AA), its metabolites, and protein kinase C (PKC) in the mechanism of PMA-stimulated O2- generation of liver infiltrated PMN as compared to circulating blood PMN.	Superoxides	186-188	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	77-81
7690799-0	1993	Activated platelets induce superoxide anion release by monocytes and neutrophils through P-selectin (CD62).	Superoxides	27-43	selectin P	Homo sapiens	89-99
7690799-0	1993	Activated platelets induce superoxide anion release by monocytes and neutrophils through P-selectin (CD62).	Superoxides	27-43	selectin P	Homo sapiens	101-105
7690799-8	1993	The enhanced superoxide anion production was inhibited by anti-P-selectin antibody, anti-sialyl-Lewis X antibody, or a soluble recombinant P-selectin fusion protein.	Superoxides	13-29	selectin P	Homo sapiens	63-73
7690799-8	1993	The enhanced superoxide anion production was inhibited by anti-P-selectin antibody, anti-sialyl-Lewis X antibody, or a soluble recombinant P-selectin fusion protein.	Superoxides	13-29	selectin P	Homo sapiens	139-149
7685446-11	1993	The contraction may be mediated through inactivation of basal production of EDRF (NO) by superoxide anions released from PMNL.	Superoxides	89-106	alpha hemoglobin stabilizing protein	Homo sapiens	76-80
8386028-7	1993	In single patients cultivation of monocytes with IL-6 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor resulted in only slight improvement of superoxide production.	Superoxides	146-156	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	58-106
7681704-8	1993	Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) and interleukin-3 (rhIL-3) displayed much smaller effects on pure PMNs and mixed PMN-MNL chemiluminescence and superoxide release than rhGM-CSF.	Superoxides	177-187	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	18-55
7681704-8	1993	Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) and interleukin-3 (rhIL-3) displayed much smaller effects on pure PMNs and mixed PMN-MNL chemiluminescence and superoxide release than rhGM-CSF.	Superoxides	177-187	interleukin 3	Homo sapiens	70-83
7684358-2	1993	Neurokinin A (NKA), neurokinin B (NKB) and eledoisin (E) but not kassinin (K) have similar effects to substance P (SP) in priming neutrophils for increased superoxide anion (O2-) production in response to formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP).	Superoxides	156-172	tachykinin precursor 3	Homo sapiens	20-32
7684358-5	1993	The priming effect of tachykinins was not confined to a single stimulus, such as FMLP, since NKA, NKB and SP also enhanced O2- production stimulated by platelet-activating factor (PAF), an important mediator of inflammation but a weak stimulus of O2- production on its own.	Superoxides	123-125	tachykinin precursor 3	Homo sapiens	98-101
8385266-3	1993	Four separate lines of evidence indicate a predominant role for Fc gamma RI in triggering superoxide generation induced by erythrocytes sensitized with up to the maximum of 100,000 IgG molecules per cell.	Superoxides	90-100	Fc gamma receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	64-75
10848817-6	2000	Cells in group B were appropriately primed by G-CSF, GM-CSF, tumour necrosis factor alpha and IL-1beta for enhanced release of O2 -.	Superoxides	127-129	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	46-51
10848817-6	2000	Cells in group B were appropriately primed by G-CSF, GM-CSF, tumour necrosis factor alpha and IL-1beta for enhanced release of O2 -.	Superoxides	127-129	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	53-59
10831318-7	2000	Anti-FcgammaRII Fab bound to ELISA plates induced superoxide production, while anti-FcgammaRIIIB Fab did not.	Superoxides	50-60	FA complementation group B	Homo sapiens	16-19
10831318-8	2000	Pretreatment of neutrophils with anti-FcgammaRII Fab reduced superoxide generated by immobilized anti-FcgammaRII antibody.	Superoxides	61-71	FA complementation group B	Homo sapiens	49-52
10872749-7	2000	The results of these studies suggest that although both isoforms of MT are able to scavenge free radicals, the MT-1 appears to be a superior scavenger of superoxide anions and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals.	Superoxides	154-171	metallothionein 1I, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	111-115
10767399-2	2000	In this paper, two novel steroidal saponins, timosaponins E1 and E2 were isolated from Anemarrhenae rhizoma, and the effects of these steroidal saponins on superoxide generation in human neutrophils were investigated.	Superoxides	156-166	small nucleolar RNA, H/ACA box 73A	Homo sapiens	58-67
10767399-3	2000	Timosaponins E1 and E2 significantly inhibited N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-induced superoxide generation in a concentration-dependent manner, but not that induced by arachidonic acid (AA).	Superoxides	102-112	small nucleolar RNA, H/ACA box 73A	Homo sapiens	13-22
10767399-5	2000	The superoxide generation induced by PMA with timosaponins E1 and E2 was suppressed by staurosporine, an inhibitor of protein kinase C, but was not suppressed by genistein, an inhibitor of protein tyrosine kinase.	Superoxides	4-14	small nucleolar RNA, H/ACA box 73A	Homo sapiens	59-68
10818443-6	2000	This contrasts with activation of the LXA4 receptor by an aspirin-triggered lipoxin A4 mimetic that before leukotriene B4 gave an inverse relationship with rapidly increasing PSDP levels, and inhibition of both PLD activity and superoxide generation.	Superoxides	228-238	formyl peptide receptor 2	Homo sapiens	38-51
10722888-7	2000	Proliferin expression measured in near-confluent cultures was induced up to 10-fold during the 36-hr period following di-n-butyltin dichloride exposure and was accompanied by increased accumulation of transcripts from many genes regulated by oxidative stresses, growth-inducing agents, and/or other promoting agents (asbestos, superoxide radicals ).	Superoxides	327-346	prolactin family 2, subfamily c, member 2	Mus musculus	0-10
10744650-1	2000	Soluble recombinant (r) P-selectin and rP-selectin immobilized on plastic surfaces were tested for their capacity to activate neutrophils to produce superoxide anion.	Superoxides	149-165	selectin P	Homo sapiens	24-34
10744650-7	2000	Cap formation and superoxide anion production induced by solid-phase P-selectin or by IL-8 and soluble rP-selectin treatment were inhibited by treatment of the leukocytes with cytochalasin B.	Superoxides	18-34	selectin P	Homo sapiens	69-79
10938860-5	2000	The results showed that SA induced the peroxidase inhibitor-sensitive production of superoxide and H2O2 in tobacco suspension culture, but no production of hydroxy radicals was detected.	Superoxides	84-94	peroxidase N1	Nicotiana tabacum	39-49
10725280-3	2000	METHODS AND RESULTS: An examination of aortic rings from wild-type mice and mice with homozygous targeted disruptions in p47(phox) revealed that p47(phox) knockout mice had a reduction in vascular superoxide production.	Superoxides	197-207	milk fat globule EGF and factor V/VIII domain containing	Mus musculus	121-124
10725280-3	2000	METHODS AND RESULTS: An examination of aortic rings from wild-type mice and mice with homozygous targeted disruptions in p47(phox) revealed that p47(phox) knockout mice had a reduction in vascular superoxide production.	Superoxides	197-207	milk fat globule EGF and factor V/VIII domain containing	Mus musculus	125-129
10725280-3	2000	METHODS AND RESULTS: An examination of aortic rings from wild-type mice and mice with homozygous targeted disruptions in p47(phox) revealed that p47(phox) knockout mice had a reduction in vascular superoxide production.	Superoxides	197-207	milk fat globule EGF and factor V/VIII domain containing	Mus musculus	145-148
10725280-3	2000	METHODS AND RESULTS: An examination of aortic rings from wild-type mice and mice with homozygous targeted disruptions in p47(phox) revealed that p47(phox) knockout mice had a reduction in vascular superoxide production.	Superoxides	197-207	milk fat globule EGF and factor V/VIII domain containing	Mus musculus	149-153
10634825-7	2000	uPA and uPAR mRNA expression was also induced by the incubation with xanthine and xanthine oxidase, a superoxide anion-generating system.	Superoxides	102-118	plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor	Homo sapiens	8-12
10580434-6	1999	In contrast, A23187-stimulated O2- production was higher (P &lt; 0.01) in FR than CTR rats.	Superoxides	31-33	calcitonin receptor	Rattus norvegicus	82-85
10556204-7	1999	At the same time, PMN acquired sensitivity to the apoptosis-promoting effect of DT, which, moreover, specifically suppressed the GM-CSF-induced priming of formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine-stimulated superoxide anion release.	Superoxides	204-220	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	129-135
10430665-1	1999	Binding of C1q to cell surfaces has been shown to mediate a number of biological activities including enhancement of phagocytosis and stimulation of superoxide production.	Superoxides	149-159	complement component 1, q subcomponent, alpha polypeptide	Mus musculus	11-14
10400704-1	1999	Neutrophil superoxide production can be potentiated by prior exposure to "priming" agents such as granulocyte/macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF).	Superoxides	11-21	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	98-146
10400704-1	1999	Neutrophil superoxide production can be potentiated by prior exposure to "priming" agents such as granulocyte/macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF).	Superoxides	11-21	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	148-154
10400704-5	1999	GM-CSF-induced p47(phox) phosphorylation was time- and concentration-dependent and ran parallel to the priming effect of GM-CSF on superoxide production.	Superoxides	131-141	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-6
10400704-5	1999	GM-CSF-induced p47(phox) phosphorylation was time- and concentration-dependent and ran parallel to the priming effect of GM-CSF on superoxide production.	Superoxides	131-141	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	15-18
10400704-5	1999	GM-CSF-induced p47(phox) phosphorylation was time- and concentration-dependent and ran parallel to the priming effect of GM-CSF on superoxide production.	Superoxides	131-141	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	19-23
10400704-5	1999	GM-CSF-induced p47(phox) phosphorylation was time- and concentration-dependent and ran parallel to the priming effect of GM-CSF on superoxide production.	Superoxides	131-141	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	121-127
10393079-1	1999	It is commonly assumed that activation of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase requires the formation of a stable complex between flavocytochrome b-245 (the gp91phox/p22phox heterodimer) and the cytosolic cofactors p47phox, p67phox and Rac2.	Superoxides	46-56	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	169-176
10448428-5	1999	We observe that 200 pM gp120 causes a significant accumulation of ROS, including superoxide, and of lipid peroxidation.	Superoxides	81-91	inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4	Homo sapiens	23-28
10362602-4	1999	Both superoxide (generated by xanthine oxidase plus hypoxanthine) and hydrogen peroxide were potent inducers of PAI-1, and hydroxyl radical scavengers completely abolished the TNF-alpha induction of PAI-1.	Superoxides	5-15	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	112-117
10362602-4	1999	Both superoxide (generated by xanthine oxidase plus hypoxanthine) and hydrogen peroxide were potent inducers of PAI-1, and hydroxyl radical scavengers completely abolished the TNF-alpha induction of PAI-1.	Superoxides	5-15	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	199-204
10401602-2	1999	Myoglobin has not been viewed as a participant but is present in relatively high concentrations in heart muscle and, even under normal conditions, undergoes reactions that generate met (Fe3+) species and also superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and other oxidants, albeit slowly.	Superoxides	209-219	myoglobin	Homo sapiens	0-9
10401621-0	1999	Nitric oxide and superoxide inhibit platelet-derived growth factor receptor phosphotyrosine phosphatases.	Superoxides	17-27	myotrophin	Rattus norvegicus	53-66
10416914-3	1999	Additionally, the in vitro influence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on the superoxide anion production was examined during the respiratory burst.	Superoxides	105-121	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	40-88
10416914-3	1999	Additionally, the in vitro influence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on the superoxide anion production was examined during the respiratory burst.	Superoxides	105-121	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	90-96
10369213-0	1999	Superoxide mediates the cell-death-enhancing action of presenilin-1 mutations.	Superoxides	0-10	presenilin 1	Rattus norvegicus	55-67
10369213-2	1999	We report that PC6 neural cells (a subclone of PC12 cells) expressing PS-1 mutations (M146V and L286V) exhibit increased superoxide production, nitrotyrosine accumulation, and membrane lipid peroxidation following exposure to amyloid beta-peptide 1-42 (Abeta).	Superoxides	121-131	presenilin 1	Rattus norvegicus	70-74
10369213-6	1999	The data suggest pivotal roles for superoxide production and resulting peroxynitrite formation in the pathogenic mechanism of PS-1 mutations.	Superoxides	35-45	presenilin 1	Rattus norvegicus	126-130
10207544-8	1999	The mechanisms involved in the GM-CSF-mediated effect appeared to be mediated by (i) enhancement of phagocytic activity, (ii) increase of superoxide anion generation, and (iii) upregulation of CD11b/CD18 expression on the monocyte surface.	Superoxides	138-154	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	31-37
9864179-9	1999	GM-CSF- or TNF-induced superoxide (O2-) release was inhibited by p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting the possible involvement of p38 MAPK in GM-CSF- or TNF-induced O2- release.	Superoxides	23-33	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-6
9864179-9	1999	GM-CSF- or TNF-induced superoxide (O2-) release was inhibited by p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting the possible involvement of p38 MAPK in GM-CSF- or TNF-induced O2- release.	Superoxides	23-33	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	174-208
9864179-9	1999	GM-CSF- or TNF-induced superoxide (O2-) release was inhibited by p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting the possible involvement of p38 MAPK in GM-CSF- or TNF-induced O2- release.	Superoxides	35-37	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-6
9864179-9	1999	GM-CSF- or TNF-induced superoxide (O2-) release was inhibited by p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting the possible involvement of p38 MAPK in GM-CSF- or TNF-induced O2- release.	Superoxides	35-37	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	174-208
10385482-5	1999	To solve this problem previously, we established an in vitro model that showed that cultured human mesangial cells (HMC) stimulated with interleukin-1 (IL-1) plus IL-6 can cause mesangial cell proliferation, increasing production of chemical mediators and superoxide anion.	Superoxides	256-272	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	152-156
10368813-2	1999	BBI has previously been shown to suppress the release of superoxide anion radicals from purified polymorphonuclear leukocytes.	Superoxides	57-82	LOC547785	Glycine max	0-3
10368813-3	1999	In the present study we evaluated the effect of BBI on the production of superoxide anion radicals in differentiated HL-60 cells.	Superoxides	73-98	LOC547785	Glycine max	48-51
10368813-5	1999	Superoxide anion radical production by differentiated HL-60 cells was measured in the presence of various concentrations of BBI or BBI concentrate, a soybean extract containing high levels of BBI.	Superoxides	0-24	LOC547785	Glycine max	124-127
10368813-5	1999	Superoxide anion radical production by differentiated HL-60 cells was measured in the presence of various concentrations of BBI or BBI concentrate, a soybean extract containing high levels of BBI.	Superoxides	0-24	LOC547785	Glycine max	131-134
10368813-5	1999	Superoxide anion radical production by differentiated HL-60 cells was measured in the presence of various concentrations of BBI or BBI concentrate, a soybean extract containing high levels of BBI.	Superoxides	0-24	LOC547785	Glycine max	131-134
10368813-6	1999	BBI was observed to suppress superoxide anion radical production by differentiated HL-60 cells in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	29-53	LOC547785	Glycine max	0-3
10368813-8	1999	These results suggest that BBI inhibits superoxide anion radical generation in HL-60 cells but does not act as a simple free radical scavenger.	Superoxides	40-64	LOC547785	Glycine max	27-30
10731095-2	1999	IDO is a unique enzyme in that it can utilize superoxide anion radical (O2*- ) as both a substrate and a co-factor.	Superoxides	46-70	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
10731095-2	1999	IDO is a unique enzyme in that it can utilize superoxide anion radical (O2*- ) as both a substrate and a co-factor.	Superoxides	72-76	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
10731095-3	1999	The latter role is due to the ability of O2*- to reduce inactive ferric-IDO to the active ferrous form.	Superoxides	41-43	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	72-75
10731095-6	1999	Antioxidant activity may arise from O2*- scavenging by IDO and formation of the potent radical scavengers and Kyn pathway metabolites, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid and 3-hydroxykynurenine.	Superoxides	36-39	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	55-58
10216433-3	1999	These cells responded to fMLP or PAF with an increase in [Ca2+]i, associated with O2 production.	Superoxides	82-84	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	33-36
10216433-4	1999	Deprivation or chelation of extracellular calcium induced a reduction of fMLP or PAF-induced [Ca2+]i rise and O2- production.	Superoxides	110-112	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	81-84
10216433-6	1999	Chelation of intracellular calcium induced an inhibition of fMLP- or PAF-induced [Ca2+]i rise and a decrease in O2- production.	Superoxides	112-114	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	69-72
9857096-11	1998	The finding that the potencies of a series of bis(benzylidene)cycloalkanones in inducing quinone reductase appear to be correlated with their ability to quench superoxide radicals suggests that the regulation of phase 2 enzymes may involve both Michael reaction reactivity and radical quenching mechanisms.	Superoxides	160-170	crystallin, zeta	Mus musculus	89-106
9851874-9	1998	A specific Src inhibitor, PP1, was shown to completely abrogate the FcgammaR-induced superoxide response, correlating with a decrease in Cbl and Nck tyrosine phosphorylation.	Superoxides	85-95	Cbl proto-oncogene	Homo sapiens	137-140
9851874-9	1998	A specific Src inhibitor, PP1, was shown to completely abrogate the FcgammaR-induced superoxide response, correlating with a decrease in Cbl and Nck tyrosine phosphorylation.	Superoxides	85-95	NCK adaptor protein 1	Homo sapiens	145-148
9876093-2	1998	Monocytes and neutrophils produce superoxide anion by activated platelets through p-selectin.	Superoxides	34-50	selectin P	Homo sapiens	82-92
9760260-0	1998	Ceruloplasmin copper induces oxidant damage by a redox process utilizing cell-derived superoxide as reductant.	Superoxides	86-96	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	0-13
9766635-9	1998	TNF-alpha and GM-CSF priming of superoxide release stimulated by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine was significantly attenuated by the MEK inhibitor, PD098059, and the p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580.	Superoxides	32-42	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	14-20
9636846-5	1998	M-CSF enhances cytotoxicity, superoxide production, phagocytosis, chemotaxis, and secondary cytokine production in monocytes and macrophages.	Superoxides	29-39	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
9614211-5	1998	These results indicate that hydroxyl radicals produced from superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of free iron, contribute to an increased MSR activity by stabilizing MSR-I mRNA.	Superoxides	60-77	progestin and adipoQ receptor family member 7	Homo sapiens	157-160
9614211-5	1998	These results indicate that hydroxyl radicals produced from superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of free iron, contribute to an increased MSR activity by stabilizing MSR-I mRNA.	Superoxides	60-77	progestin and adipoQ receptor family member 7	Homo sapiens	185-188
10189055-3	1998	This study evaluated the effects of mammalian tachykinins and selective tachykinin agonists and antagonists on human monocytes isolated from healthy donors: SP, NKA and NKB all evoked a dose-dependent superoxide anion (O2-) production and the NK2 selective agonist [beta-Ala8]-NKA(4-10) induced a full response.	Superoxides	201-217	tachykinin precursor 3	Homo sapiens	169-172
10189055-3	1998	This study evaluated the effects of mammalian tachykinins and selective tachykinin agonists and antagonists on human monocytes isolated from healthy donors: SP, NKA and NKB all evoked a dose-dependent superoxide anion (O2-) production and the NK2 selective agonist [beta-Ala8]-NKA(4-10) induced a full response.	Superoxides	219-221	tachykinin precursor 3	Homo sapiens	169-172
9708036-10	1998	Our results provide the first evidence that excess superoxide production in hypertension may trigger a desensitization of vascular sGC.	Superoxides	51-61	guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2	Rattus norvegicus	131-134
9626567-6	1998	In contrast, cells overexpressing G6PD were very sensitive to paraquat, a superoxide-producing herbicide.	Superoxides	74-84	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase 2	Mus musculus	34-38
9556556-9	1998	The NADPH oxidase activity of TrxR induced by dinitrohalobenzenes generated superoxide, as detected by reaction with epinephrine (the adrenochrome method).	Superoxides	76-86	peroxiredoxin 5	Homo sapiens	30-34
9556556-12	1998	A model for the interaction between TrxR and dinitrohalobenzenes is proposed, involving a functional FAD in the alkylated TrxR generating an anion nitroradical in a dinitrophenyl group, which in turn reacts with oxygen to generate superoxide.	Superoxides	231-241	peroxiredoxin 5	Homo sapiens	36-40
9556556-12	1998	A model for the interaction between TrxR and dinitrohalobenzenes is proposed, involving a functional FAD in the alkylated TrxR generating an anion nitroradical in a dinitrophenyl group, which in turn reacts with oxygen to generate superoxide.	Superoxides	231-241	peroxiredoxin 5	Homo sapiens	122-126
9572303-7	1998	Sensitivity of the nitroblue tetrazolium reduction to superoxide dismutase indicated that the reduction of LY 83583 by NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase leads to superoxide generation.	Superoxides	54-64	crystallin zeta	Homo sapiens	127-149
9535829-3	1998	Wild-type and rad9 cells were treated with hydrogen peroxide or the superoxide-generating agent menadione.	Superoxides	68-78	chromatin-binding protein RAD9	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	14-18
9554796-0	1998	Stereoisomer-specific inhibition of superoxide anion-induced rat aortic smooth-muscle cell proliferation by 17beta-estradiol is estrogen receptor dependent.	Superoxides	36-52	estrogen receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	128-145
9554796-8	1998	Therefore, these data indicate that 17beta-E, through an ER-dependent mechanism, specifically and significantly inhibited superoxide anion-mediated SMC proliferation in denuded rat aortic explants.	Superoxides	122-138	estrogen receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	57-59
9635370-6	1998	Neutrophils isolated from patients treated with G-CSF and stimulated with PMA produced less (superoxide anion) O2- after therapy.	Superoxides	93-109	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	48-53
9635370-6	1998	Neutrophils isolated from patients treated with G-CSF and stimulated with PMA produced less (superoxide anion) O2- after therapy.	Superoxides	111-113	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	48-53
9405639-3	1997	In the present studies, we characterize the enzyme responsible for O2- production in the adventitia and show that this enzyme is a constitutively active NADPH oxidase with similar composition as the phagocyte NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	67-69	NADPH oxidase 1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	153-166
9405639-3	1997	In the present studies, we characterize the enzyme responsible for O2- production in the adventitia and show that this enzyme is a constitutively active NADPH oxidase with similar composition as the phagocyte NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	67-69	NADPH oxidase 1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	209-222
9497899-4	1997	Convincingly, hyperglycemic conditions yielded an increase in superoxide anion release from endothelial cells and the superoxide anion-generating mixture xanthine oxidase/hypoxanthine mimicked the effect of hyperglycemia on Ca2+/EDRF signaling.	Superoxides	118-134	alpha hemoglobin stabilizing protein	Homo sapiens	229-233
9548461-2	1997	Our previous work in human myeloid cells showed that ligation of CD38 with mAbs (HB-7 and T-16; IgG1 subclass) not only induced protein-tyrosine phosphorylation but also potentiated superoxide generation stimulated by G protein-coupled receptors.	Superoxides	182-192	CD38 molecule	Homo sapiens	65-69
9550098-6	1997	Since these enzymes (EROD, CYP 1A1/2 and PROD, CYP2B1) activate polycyclic hydrocarbons, aromatic amines and aliphatic halogenated hydrocarbons to their ultimate mutagenic or carcinogenic forms, and are effective in producing reactive oxygen species such as superoxide, hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide, the new compound, BITN, appears to have a greater anticarcinogenic and antioxidant potential than RA and BHT.	Superoxides	258-268	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	27-34
9370364-1	1997	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytic cells is a multicomponent system containing a membrane-bound flavocytochrome b and a small G protein Rac as well as cytosolic factors p67phox, p47phox and p40phox which translocate to the membrane upon activation.	Superoxides	4-14	neutrophil cytosolic factor 4	Homo sapiens	217-224
9370364-5	1997	Typically, in cells transiently activated by fMet-Leu-Phe-Lys, onset of superoxide production coincides with the appearance of new phosphorylated species of p40phox and, at the end of the respiratory burst, dephosphorylation of p40phox is observed.	Superoxides	72-82	neutrophil cytosolic factor 4	Homo sapiens	157-164
9370364-5	1997	Typically, in cells transiently activated by fMet-Leu-Phe-Lys, onset of superoxide production coincides with the appearance of new phosphorylated species of p40phox and, at the end of the respiratory burst, dephosphorylation of p40phox is observed.	Superoxides	72-82	neutrophil cytosolic factor 4	Homo sapiens	228-235
9337212-0	1997	Platelet-derived growth factor-stimulated superoxide anion production modulates activation of transcription factor NF-kappaB and expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 in human aortic smooth muscle cells.	Superoxides	42-58	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	143-177
9337212-11	1997	This PDGF-induced O2.- production may be involved in vascular lesion formation by mediating, at least in part, NF-kappaB activation and MCP-1 induction.	Superoxides	18-20	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	136-141
9277048-2	1997	GM-CSF suppressed this process and neutrophils retained their functions of superoxide production and enzyme release against invasion of microorganisms.	Superoxides	75-85	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-6
9291376-5	1997	Our hypothesis is that the well-recognized postinjury mediators platelet-activating factor (PAF) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) prime PMNs for the concordant release of elastase and superoxide (O2-) as well as for CD11b up-regulation.	Superoxides	177-187	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	64-90
9291376-5	1997	Our hypothesis is that the well-recognized postinjury mediators platelet-activating factor (PAF) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) prime PMNs for the concordant release of elastase and superoxide (O2-) as well as for CD11b up-regulation.	Superoxides	177-187	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	92-95
9291376-5	1997	Our hypothesis is that the well-recognized postinjury mediators platelet-activating factor (PAF) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) prime PMNs for the concordant release of elastase and superoxide (O2-) as well as for CD11b up-regulation.	Superoxides	189-191	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	64-90
9291376-5	1997	Our hypothesis is that the well-recognized postinjury mediators platelet-activating factor (PAF) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) prime PMNs for the concordant release of elastase and superoxide (O2-) as well as for CD11b up-regulation.	Superoxides	189-191	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	92-95
9452772-5	1997	In the absence of endothelium (angioplasty), or in the case of endothelium dysfunction related to cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, heart failure, atherosclerosis or diabetes, EDRF synthesis is absent or defective and its oxidative catabolism in increased (particularity by superoxide anion), resulting in varying degrees of disorders of haemostasis (thrombosis) and/or arterial and venous vasomotor activity.	Superoxides	286-302	alpha hemoglobin stabilizing protein	Homo sapiens	188-192
9245567-1	1997	Platelet-activating factor (PAF) concordantly primes neutrophils (PMNs) for superoxide generation and elastase release.	Superoxides	76-86	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	0-26
9245567-1	1997	Platelet-activating factor (PAF) concordantly primes neutrophils (PMNs) for superoxide generation and elastase release.	Superoxides	76-86	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	28-31
9245567-4	1997	We hypothesized that beta-adrenergic neutrophil stimulation has disparate effects on PAF-mediated PMN superoxide generation versus elastase release.	Superoxides	102-112	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	85-88
9232205-7	1997	These findings suggest that O2- is generated by a NADPH oxidase-like enzyme system in mast cells and that this enzyme system is activated by arachidonic acid released by cytosolic phospholipase A2.	Superoxides	28-30	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Rattus norvegicus	170-196
9224389-1	1997	Platelet activating factor (PAF) enhances polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) superoxide (.O2-) production, CD11b expression, and elastase release, all essential components in the pathophysiology of multiple-organ failure.	Superoxides	76-86	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	28-31
9224389-1	1997	Platelet activating factor (PAF) enhances polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) superoxide (.O2-) production, CD11b expression, and elastase release, all essential components in the pathophysiology of multiple-organ failure.	Superoxides	89-91	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	28-31
9054359-1	1997	NIH 3T3 fibroblasts stably transformed with a constitutively active isoform of p21(Ras), H-RasV12 (v-H-Ras or EJ-Ras), produced large amounts of the reactive oxygen species superoxide (.O2-).	Superoxides	173-183	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
9054359-1	1997	NIH 3T3 fibroblasts stably transformed with a constitutively active isoform of p21(Ras), H-RasV12 (v-H-Ras or EJ-Ras), produced large amounts of the reactive oxygen species superoxide (.O2-).	Superoxides	186-188	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
9051308-18	1997	Basal and YC-1-stimulated sGC activity was sensitive to inhibition by superoxide (O-2) generated by xanthine/xanthine oxidase, and was protected from this inhibition by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	70-80	guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2	Rattus norvegicus	26-29
9051308-18	1997	Basal and YC-1-stimulated sGC activity was sensitive to inhibition by superoxide (O-2) generated by xanthine/xanthine oxidase, and was protected from this inhibition by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	82-85	guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2	Rattus norvegicus	26-29
9027726-7	1997	Superoxide levels were otherwise shown to determine the EPO production in hepatoma cell lines.	Superoxides	0-10	erythropoietin	Rattus norvegicus	56-59
9013127-4	1997	Superoxide dismutase and catalase abolish both sperm capacitation and tyrosine phosphorylation of p105 and p81, suggesting the involvement of O2.- and hydrogen peroxide in these two processes.	Superoxides	142-144	ezrin	Homo sapiens	107-110
9378368-8	1997	Finally, light stimulated activities of pure PGHS-1 and PGHS-2 isozymes, and these were also shown to produce superoxide radical (detected with fluorogenic spin trap, proxyl fluorescamine).	Superoxides	110-128	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1	Sus scrofa	45-51
9067998-9	1997	In addition, ulinastatin inhibited the activities of elastase and cathepsin G from human leukocytes, and it suppressed TNF alpha, IL-8 and superoxide production by rat macrophages and rabbit leukocytes in vitro.	Superoxides	139-149	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Rattus norvegicus	13-24
8943870-4	1996	PAF did not stimulate respiratory burst activity directly, but caused a rapid (maximal at 10 minutes) and concentration-dependent (EC50 50.2 nmol/L) increase in N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-stimulated superoxide anion release.	Superoxides	219-235	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
8892651-2	1996	The priming effects produced by recombinant human granulocyte CSF (rhGCSF) and TNF-alpha (rhTNF-alpha) on FMLP-stimulated superoxide production in human and rabbit blood neutrophils were compared with their effects in their respective tissue neutrophils, i.e., human salivary and rabbit peritoneal neutrophils.	Superoxides	122-132	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	50-74
8930166-5	1996	Our pharmacological study suggests that, in neutrophil-like HL-60 cells, the signaling pathways leading to PMA-stimulated O2- generation appear to involve PKC, MAPK, phospholipase A2, arachidonic acid, PSP 1 and 2a and PTP.	Superoxides	122-124	paraspeckle component 1	Homo sapiens	202-214
8837751-0	1996	Failure of tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1 to elicit superoxide production in the mitochondrial matrices of mammalian cells.	Superoxides	61-71	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	37-50
8837751-1	1996	Subversion of mitochondrial electron transport to the production of O2.- has been proposed as a mechanism of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-mediated cell killing and to a lesser extent interleukin-1 (IL-1) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	68-70	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	182-195
8837751-1	1996	Subversion of mitochondrial electron transport to the production of O2.- has been proposed as a mechanism of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-mediated cell killing and to a lesser extent interleukin-1 (IL-1) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	68-70	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	197-201
8931940-3	1996	The HPH-Pep-CuII complex had unique pentacoordinated structure as shown by X-ray crystallography and exhibited superoxide-scavenging activity as indicated by ESR spectroscopy.	Superoxides	111-121	progestagen associated endometrial protein	Homo sapiens	8-11
8931940-4	1996	The superoxide-quenching profile of HPH-Pep-CuII was studied in detail by cytochrome c assay and ESR spin trapping and it was found that (1) HPH-Pep-CuII did not scavenge hydrogen peroxide or hydroxyl radical and hence the scavenging activity was specific to superoxide, and (2) HPH-Pep-CuII did not generate hydrogen peroxide upon scavenging superoxide.	Superoxides	4-14	progestagen associated endometrial protein	Homo sapiens	40-43
8931940-4	1996	The superoxide-quenching profile of HPH-Pep-CuII was studied in detail by cytochrome c assay and ESR spin trapping and it was found that (1) HPH-Pep-CuII did not scavenge hydrogen peroxide or hydroxyl radical and hence the scavenging activity was specific to superoxide, and (2) HPH-Pep-CuII did not generate hydrogen peroxide upon scavenging superoxide.	Superoxides	4-14	progestagen associated endometrial protein	Homo sapiens	145-148
8931940-4	1996	The superoxide-quenching profile of HPH-Pep-CuII was studied in detail by cytochrome c assay and ESR spin trapping and it was found that (1) HPH-Pep-CuII did not scavenge hydrogen peroxide or hydroxyl radical and hence the scavenging activity was specific to superoxide, and (2) HPH-Pep-CuII did not generate hydrogen peroxide upon scavenging superoxide.	Superoxides	4-14	progestagen associated endometrial protein	Homo sapiens	145-148
8826976-8	1996	Like high D-glucose, pretreatment with the O2(-)-generating system, xanthine oxidase/hypoxanthine, elevated bradykinin-stimulated Ca2+ release (+10%), Ca2+ entry (+75%), and EDRF (+73%).	Superoxides	43-45	alpha hemoglobin stabilizing protein	Homo sapiens	174-178
8826976-10	1996	This overshoot of O2- enhances agonist-stimulated Ca2+/EDRF signaling via a yet unknown mechanism.	Superoxides	18-20	alpha hemoglobin stabilizing protein	Homo sapiens	55-59
8760378-0	1996	Role of an aprotinin-sensitive protease in the activation of Ca(2+)-ATPase by superoxide radical (O2-.)	Superoxides	78-96	pancreatic trypsin inhibitor	Bos taurus	11-20
8760378-0	1996	Role of an aprotinin-sensitive protease in the activation of Ca(2+)-ATPase by superoxide radical (O2-.)	Superoxides	98-100	pancreatic trypsin inhibitor	Bos taurus	11-20
8760378-2	1996	We have investigated the role of an aprotinin-sensitive protease in regulating Ca(2+)-ATPase activity and Ca2+ uptake (ATP-dependent and Na(+)-dependent) in microsomes of bovine pulmonary vascular smooth muscle during treatment with the O2(-.	Superoxides	237-239	pancreatic trypsin inhibitor	Bos taurus	36-45
8760378-19	1996	These results suggest that an aprotinin-sensitive protease plays a pivotal role in regulating Ca(2+)-ATPase and Ca(2+)-uptake activities in microsomes of pulmonary vascular smooth muscle under oxidant O2(-.	Superoxides	201-203	pancreatic trypsin inhibitor	Bos taurus	30-39
8635236-5	1996	Stimulation of vascular smooth muscle cells with LPS and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) triggered the production of superoxide anion over 3 to 48 hours and NO and ONOO- over 24 to 48 hours and resulted in significant DNA strand breakage.	Superoxides	114-130	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	57-84
8635290-4	1996	In contrast, both (O2)- generation and enzyme induction were attenuated by priming with IL1-alpha, with the exception of PMA-stimulated (O2)- generation.	Superoxides	19-21	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	88-97
8641338-1	1996	Both monocyte chemotactic and activating factor (MCAF) and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) stimulated an increase in cytoplasmic free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) and changes in intracellular pH (pHi) in human monocytes in parallel at lower concentrations and stimulated superoxide (O2-) release and changes in transmembrane potential in parallel at higher concentrations.	Superoxides	272-282	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	5-47
8641338-1	1996	Both monocyte chemotactic and activating factor (MCAF) and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) stimulated an increase in cytoplasmic free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) and changes in intracellular pH (pHi) in human monocytes in parallel at lower concentrations and stimulated superoxide (O2-) release and changes in transmembrane potential in parallel at higher concentrations.	Superoxides	284-286	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	5-47
8676749-3	1996	Results provide evidence that LPS and/or GM-CSF priming was able to enhance O2- production in old PMN, even if values were still lower than those observed in similarly-treated young cells.	Superoxides	76-78	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	41-47
8856246-8	1996	Superoxide also induced mRNA expression for MCP-1 on MC.	Superoxides	0-10	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	44-49
8856246-10	1996	Since morphine activates MC to produce superoxide and DMTU attenuated the effect of superoxide on MC, the effect of morphine on the migration of macrophages may be mediated through superoxide-induced generation of MCP-1.	Superoxides	84-94	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	214-219
8856246-10	1996	Since morphine activates MC to produce superoxide and DMTU attenuated the effect of superoxide on MC, the effect of morphine on the migration of macrophages may be mediated through superoxide-induced generation of MCP-1.	Superoxides	84-94	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	214-219
8530499-0	1995	Localization of the site on the complement component C1q required for the stimulation of neutrophil superoxide production.	Superoxides	100-110	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	53-56
8530499-6	1995	However, when C1q-CLR was incubated with trypsin under conditions permitting optimal cleavage, the ability of C1q-CLR to stimulate superoxide production in neutrophils was completely abrogated.	Superoxides	131-141	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	14-17
8530499-6	1995	However, when C1q-CLR was incubated with trypsin under conditions permitting optimal cleavage, the ability of C1q-CLR to stimulate superoxide production in neutrophils was completely abrogated.	Superoxides	131-141	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	110-113
7575484-1	1995	Selective antagonists of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) [e.g. ML-7; 1-(5-iodonaphthalene-1-sulphonyl)-1H-hexahydro-1,4-diazepine hydrochloride] were found to inhibit superoxide (O2-) release from stimulated neutrophils.	Superoxides	180-182	myosin light chain kinase	Homo sapiens	25-50
7575484-1	1995	Selective antagonists of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) [e.g. ML-7; 1-(5-iodonaphthalene-1-sulphonyl)-1H-hexahydro-1,4-diazepine hydrochloride] were found to inhibit superoxide (O2-) release from stimulated neutrophils.	Superoxides	180-182	myosin light chain kinase	Homo sapiens	52-56
7575484-4	1995	Interestingly, ML-7 also inhibited O2- production in a cell-free system derived from neutrophils at concentrations similar to those that were effective in vivo.	Superoxides	35-37	solute carrier family 25 member 16	Homo sapiens	15-19
7671238-5	1995	These thioredoxin antisense transfectants showed increased sensitivity to cisplatin and also to other superoxide-generating agents, i.e., doxorubicin, mitomycin C, etoposide, and hydrogen peroxide, as well as to UV irradiation, but not to the tubulin-targeting agents, vincristine, and colchicine.	Superoxides	102-112	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	6-17
7671238-6	1995	Cellular levels of thioredoxin thus appear to limit sensitivity to various superoxide-generating anticancer drugs in cancer cells.	Superoxides	75-85	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	19-30
8548563-6	1995	MnSOD is considered as being protective against the cytotoxic effects of those superoxide anions, possibly generated in macrophages, which are involved in the metabolism of modified lipoproteins.	Superoxides	79-96	SOD-2	Oryctolagus cuniculus	0-5
7664497-1	1995	Human neutrophils, plated on fibronectin-precoated wells, were found to release large quantities of superoxide anion (O2-) in response to GM-CSF.	Superoxides	100-116	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	138-144
7664497-1	1995	Human neutrophils, plated on fibronectin-precoated wells, were found to release large quantities of superoxide anion (O2-) in response to GM-CSF.	Superoxides	118-120	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	138-144
7536800-1	1995	Interleukin (IL)-2, initially discovered for its mitogenic activity on T cells, also acts on monocytes, resulting in the activation of cytokine production, superoxide production, and tumoricidal activity.	Superoxides	156-166	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	0-18
7731983-8	1995	Loss of ATX1 function rendered both mutant and wild-type SOD strains hypersensitive toward paraquat (a generator of superoxide anion) and was also associated with an increased sensitivity toward hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	116-132	copper metallochaperone ATX1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	8-12
7731983-9	1995	Hence, ATX1 protects cells against the toxicity of both superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	56-72	copper metallochaperone ATX1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	7-11
7706751-0	1995	TNF-induced superoxide anion production in adherent human neutrophils involves both the p55 and p75 TNF receptor.	Superoxides	12-28	TNF receptor superfamily member 1A	Homo sapiens	88-91
7706751-3	1995	Two mAbs reacting with TNF-R55 (H398 and TBP2) induced O2 release in a similar manner but to a lesser extent than TNF.	Superoxides	55-57	TNF receptor superfamily member 1A	Homo sapiens	23-30
7606349-7	1995	Similarly, the EP1-receptor agonist, 17-phenyl PGE2 (10 microM), and the EP3/EP1-receptor agonist, sulprostone (10 microM), also inhibited O2- generation, causing 32.2 +/- 7.0% and 15.3 +/- 3.4% inhibition respectively.	Superoxides	139-141	prostaglandin E receptor 1	Homo sapiens	15-18
7712674-5	1995	RESULTS: Superoxide generation induced by the stimulating agents increased significantly, reaching a peak after 12 hours (+116% [p &lt; 0.001] for fMLP and +66% [p &lt; 0.05] for PAF).	Superoxides	9-19	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	179-182
7890694-1	1995	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex in phagocytic cells is constituted of a heterodimeric flavocytochrome b and cytosolic factors, p67phox, p47phox and p40phox as well as a small G protein Rac (for review, see Refs.	Superoxides	4-14	neutrophil cytosolic factor 4	Homo sapiens	164-171
7900800-2	1995	We found in rats subjected to intestinal I/R (ischemia 45 min and reperfusion 6 h) that 1) intestinal phospholipase A2 (PLA2) was activated during ischemia, 2) circulating PMN priming (assessed by superoxide production with N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe) occurred after 1 h reperfusion, and 3) exaggerated 125I-labeled albumin lung leak occurred after 2 h reperfusion, compared with sham-treated animals (P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	197-207	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	102-118
7900800-2	1995	We found in rats subjected to intestinal I/R (ischemia 45 min and reperfusion 6 h) that 1) intestinal phospholipase A2 (PLA2) was activated during ischemia, 2) circulating PMN priming (assessed by superoxide production with N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe) occurred after 1 h reperfusion, and 3) exaggerated 125I-labeled albumin lung leak occurred after 2 h reperfusion, compared with sham-treated animals (P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	197-207	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	120-124
7532664-2	1995	Cross-linking of L-selectin using different mAbs induced a rapid and transient increase in [Ca2+]i and O2- generation by neutrophils that were dependent on the extent of L-selectin cross-linking and mAb epitope binding.	Superoxides	103-105	selectin L	Homo sapiens	17-27
7532664-2	1995	Cross-linking of L-selectin using different mAbs induced a rapid and transient increase in [Ca2+]i and O2- generation by neutrophils that were dependent on the extent of L-selectin cross-linking and mAb epitope binding.	Superoxides	103-105	selectin L	Homo sapiens	170-180
7532664-7	1995	The data indicate that cross-linking of L-selectin and Mac-1 initiates changes in [Ca2+]i and O2- production in neutrophils and suggest that these distinct adhesion molecules independently may play important regulatory roles in modulating neutrophil-endothelial cell interactions, transmigration, and neutrophil function at sites of tissue injury.	Superoxides	94-96	selectin L	Homo sapiens	40-50
7584671-3	1995	Neutrophils from patients who received GM-CSF showed a significantly higher superoxide anion release compared with control patients (p &lt; 0.001).	Superoxides	76-92	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	39-45
7584671-7	1995	In vitro preincubation of neutrophils from the same patients with GM-CSF, G-CSF, or TNF showed that O2- production by neutrophils from patients receiving GM-CSF could not be further enhanced, whereas O2- production by neutrophils derived from patients receiving G-CSF could be further augmented by TNF but not by GM-CSF.	Superoxides	100-102	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	66-72
7584671-7	1995	In vitro preincubation of neutrophils from the same patients with GM-CSF, G-CSF, or TNF showed that O2- production by neutrophils from patients receiving GM-CSF could not be further enhanced, whereas O2- production by neutrophils derived from patients receiving G-CSF could be further augmented by TNF but not by GM-CSF.	Superoxides	100-102	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	74-79
7584671-7	1995	In vitro preincubation of neutrophils from the same patients with GM-CSF, G-CSF, or TNF showed that O2- production by neutrophils from patients receiving GM-CSF could not be further enhanced, whereas O2- production by neutrophils derived from patients receiving G-CSF could be further augmented by TNF but not by GM-CSF.	Superoxides	100-102	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	154-160
7584671-7	1995	In vitro preincubation of neutrophils from the same patients with GM-CSF, G-CSF, or TNF showed that O2- production by neutrophils from patients receiving GM-CSF could not be further enhanced, whereas O2- production by neutrophils derived from patients receiving G-CSF could be further augmented by TNF but not by GM-CSF.	Superoxides	100-102	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	154-160
7852836-6	1995	LTB4- and PAF-induced superoxide anion generation is enhanced by the diacyglycerol kinase inhibitor R59022, whereas aggregation induced by LTB4, but not PAF, is augmented.	Superoxides	22-38	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	10-13
7749065-3	1995	Anti-TNF-RI but not anti-TNF-RII antibody stimulated the superoxide release mimicking LT. Release of the elastase from azurophilic granule of PMN was augmented by LT in vitro.	Superoxides	57-67	TNF receptor superfamily member 1A	Homo sapiens	5-11
7538966-0	1995	Superoxide production by neutrophils in children with malignant tumors treated with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.	Superoxides	0-10	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	102-139
7538966-1	1995	BACKGROUND: Human recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF), widely used to combat chemotherapy-induced neutropenia, stimulates both in vivo and in vitro intra- and extra-cellular O2- production in human polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs).	Superoxides	198-200	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	30-67
7538966-1	1995	BACKGROUND: Human recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF), widely used to combat chemotherapy-induced neutropenia, stimulates both in vivo and in vitro intra- and extra-cellular O2- production in human polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs).	Superoxides	198-200	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	73-76
7538966-3	1995	Intra- and extracellular O2- production by PMNs isolated from these patients after 5 days of rhG-CSF therapy was assessed following both fMLP and PMA stimulation.	Superoxides	25-27	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	97-100
7538966-5	1995	CONCLUSIONS: rhG-CSF potentiates in vivo O2- production by PMNs stimulated with receptor-mediated agonists via G-protein (e.g. fMLP), but not by those stimulated with agonists that bypass receptors via protein kinase C (e.g. PMA).	Superoxides	41-43	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	17-20
7535420-0	1995	Chronic neutropenia and defect in superoxide generation of granulocytes in two patients: enhancement of bactericidal capacity and respiratory burst activity by treatment with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.	Superoxides	34-44	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	193-230
7535420-7	1995	These data suggested that recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor treatment enhanced resistance to bacterial infection by stimulation of superoxide generation and increasing the bactericidal capacity of peripheral blood granulocytes.	Superoxides	153-163	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	44-81
7979944-9	1994	Interleukin 6 (10 ng/mL) combined with a nonpriming concentration of PAF (0.1 ng/mL) primed PMNs for superoxide production over a range of incubation times.	Superoxides	101-111	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	69-72
7835978-4	1994	Superoxide anions generated during the processing of IC-C1q were entrapped in phagosomes and were not released from neutrophils.	Superoxides	0-17	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	56-59
7835978-7	1994	Thus, C1q may have two effects on the processing of IC by neutrophils; firstly, it enhances FcR-mediated cellular responses, and secondly, it prevents superoxide anion-induced tissue damage by trapping superoxide anions in phagosomes.	Superoxides	151-167	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	6-9
7835978-7	1994	Thus, C1q may have two effects on the processing of IC by neutrophils; firstly, it enhances FcR-mediated cellular responses, and secondly, it prevents superoxide anion-induced tissue damage by trapping superoxide anions in phagosomes.	Superoxides	202-219	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	6-9
7930587-0	1994	Endothelial cell-associated platelet-activating factor primes neutrophils for enhanced superoxide production and arachidonic acid release during adhesion to but not transmigration across IL-1 beta-treated endothelial monolayers.	Superoxides	87-97	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	28-54
7943259-3	1994	Eosinophils were isolated by negative immunoselection, and activation with 10(-7) M platelet-activating factor (PAF) was confirmed by measurements of eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) secretion and superoxide (O2-.)	Superoxides	192-202	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	84-110
7943259-3	1994	Eosinophils were isolated by negative immunoselection, and activation with 10(-7) M platelet-activating factor (PAF) was confirmed by measurements of eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) secretion and superoxide (O2-.)	Superoxides	192-202	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	112-115
7943259-3	1994	Eosinophils were isolated by negative immunoselection, and activation with 10(-7) M platelet-activating factor (PAF) was confirmed by measurements of eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) secretion and superoxide (O2-.)	Superoxides	204-206	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	84-110
7943259-3	1994	Eosinophils were isolated by negative immunoselection, and activation with 10(-7) M platelet-activating factor (PAF) was confirmed by measurements of eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) secretion and superoxide (O2-.)	Superoxides	204-206	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	112-115
7943259-6	1994	Similarly, PAF-induced O2-.	Superoxides	23-25	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	11-14
8556501-5	1994	However, rhG-CSF was able to prime human PMNs and to enhance O2- release stimulated by FMLP in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	61-63	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	13-16
7849611-5	1994	This fact is supported by the increased production of superoxide when the cells were treated with NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (NGMMA) in addition to stimulation with rIFN-gamma and LPS.	Superoxides	54-64	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	163-173
8185647-2	1994	This was due to the superoxide anion scavenging property of superoxide dismutase since neutrophil degranulation, cathepsin G and elastase enzymatic activities (the two main mediators of this cell-to-cell interaction) and platelet reactivity were not affected.	Superoxides	20-36	cathepsin G	Homo sapiens	113-137
7511663-1	1994	Binding of FMLP to the neutrophil N-formyl peptide receptor (FPR) transmits signals through pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins triggering Ca2+ flux, superoxide production, granule exocytosis, and neutrophil aggregation and adhesion involving the beta 2 (CD18) integrins.	Superoxides	151-161	formyl peptide receptor 1	Mus musculus	34-59
7511663-1	1994	Binding of FMLP to the neutrophil N-formyl peptide receptor (FPR) transmits signals through pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins triggering Ca2+ flux, superoxide production, granule exocytosis, and neutrophil aggregation and adhesion involving the beta 2 (CD18) integrins.	Superoxides	151-161	formyl peptide receptor 1	Mus musculus	61-64
8157360-2	1994	The acquisition of immunogenicity by the H-2Kb-transformed clones following gene transfer is associated with the reduction of constitutive reactive superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	148-158	histocompatibility 2, K1, K region	Mus musculus	41-46
8157360-3	1994	When the levels of cellular superoxide for the H-2Kb-positive immunogenic clones were determined, they were significantly lower (30 to 60%) than that of the parental K36.16 tumor cells.	Superoxides	28-38	histocompatibility 2, K1, K region	Mus musculus	47-52
8157360-4	1994	This reduction of superoxide in the H-2Kb-transformed cells was associated with a significant increase in the level of Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) and GPX I, together with a reduction in the DNA-binding form of the NF-kappa B transcription factor.	Superoxides	18-28	histocompatibility 2, K1, K region	Mus musculus	36-41
8157360-6	1994	To further support the role of superoxide anion radicals in tumorigenesis, in vivo depletion of glutathione promoted the tumorigenicity of the H-2Kb-transformed clones in (AKR/J x C57BL/6/J) F1 mice, whereas SOD was able to reduce their tumorigenicity.	Superoxides	31-56	histocompatibility 2, K1, K region	Mus musculus	143-148
8003629-9	1994	Recombinant, human IL-1 (rhIL-1) was shown to prime haemocytes from both resistant snail strains for superoxide production, but had no effect on haemocytes from susceptible B. glabrata.	Superoxides	101-111	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	19-23
8262614-2	1994	Secretion of O2- and killing of E. coli by PMN from both young and old rats can be significantly augmented by preincubation with either 250 U of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) or 250 ng of growth hormone (GH) per ml.	Superoxides	13-15	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	145-172
8262614-3	1994	This priming is specific, because neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against either IFN-gamma or GH completely abrogate the enhanced O2- secretion by PMN from young rats.	Superoxides	133-135	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	84-93
8262614-6	1994	PMN from GH3-treated aged rats, but not control aged rats, could now be primed in vitro for O2- secretion by IFN-gamma (25 U/ml).	Superoxides	92-94	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	109-118
7510873-3	1994	Short-term pretreatment (15 min) of GSD 1b neutrophils with G-CSF increased the rate of O2- production (p &lt; 0.01); however, this rate was still significantly below the rate of O2- production in control neutrophils.	Superoxides	88-90	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	60-65
7510873-3	1994	Short-term pretreatment (15 min) of GSD 1b neutrophils with G-CSF increased the rate of O2- production (p &lt; 0.01); however, this rate was still significantly below the rate of O2- production in control neutrophils.	Superoxides	179-181	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	60-65
7510873-7	1994	In vivo, G-CSF therapy increased f-Met-Leu-Phe-stimulated O2- production to 52% of control after 1 mo, and by mo 4, O2- production reached control levels.	Superoxides	58-60	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	9-14
7510873-7	1994	In vivo, G-CSF therapy increased f-Met-Leu-Phe-stimulated O2- production to 52% of control after 1 mo, and by mo 4, O2- production reached control levels.	Superoxides	116-118	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	9-14
7510873-9	1994	In vivo administration of G-CSF increased f-Met-Leu-Phe-triggered Ca2+ mobilization by neutrophils to 43% of control by mo 1 of G-CSF therapy and to 93% of control by mo 4, thus paralleling the improvements in O2- generation.	Superoxides	210-212	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	26-31
7510873-11	1994	In summary, G-CSF therapy produced a rapid increase in circulating neutrophils and a gradual correction of O2- production.	Superoxides	107-109	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	12-17
7506847-10	1994	CD64 signal transduction augmented superoxide anion, hypochlorous acid, and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase production by PMNs of volunteers and group 1.	Superoxides	35-51	Fc gamma receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	0-4
8244961-3	1993	After a lag, diC8PA caused a high rate of superoxide production (19.6 nmol of cytochrome c reduced/min/10(6) cells).	Superoxides	42-52	cytochrome c	Cricetulus griseus	78-90
7902790-2	1993	The O2- production, but not the cell adherence to FN, was completely inhibited by two MoAbs against CD18 and by a MoAb against CD11b, suggesting the involvement of CD11b-CD18 integrins in the neutrophil oxidative response.	Superoxides	4-6	lymphotoxin beta receptor	Homo sapiens	100-104
7902790-2	1993	The O2- production, but not the cell adherence to FN, was completely inhibited by two MoAbs against CD18 and by a MoAb against CD11b, suggesting the involvement of CD11b-CD18 integrins in the neutrophil oxidative response.	Superoxides	4-6	lymphotoxin beta receptor	Homo sapiens	170-174
8245530-4	1993	Preincubation of neutrophils with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rHuGM-CSF) increased superoxide production in neutrophils stimulated with pneumocysts from 7.0 to 9.6 fmol/cell/20 min; however, the production in unstimulated cells increased by the same amount.	Superoxides	123-133	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	52-100
8245781-0	1993	Restitution of superoxide generation in autosomal cytochrome-negative chronic granulomatous disease (A22(0) CGD)-derived B lymphocyte cell lines by transfection with p22phax cDNA.	Superoxides	15-25	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	166-169
8395827-1	1993	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase system in phagocytes consists of membrane-associated cytochrome b558 and three cytosolic components named p67-phox, p47-phox, and rac p21s.	Superoxides	4-14	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	156-159
8396850-9	1993	These GM-CSF-induced changes in stimulated cytokine and superoxide anion release could not be reproduced by treating monocytes with rhGM-CSF in vitro.	Superoxides	56-72	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	6-12
8403161-5	1993	Superoxide anion was measured by the reduction of cytochrome C, hydrogen peroxide by the horse radish peroxidase catalysed oxidation of phenol red, and myeloperoxidase by the turnover of 2,2"-azino-di(3-ethylbenzthiazoline) sulfonic acid.	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome c, somatic	Equus caballus	50-62
8342134-4	1993	We therefore undertook this study with the hypothesis that PAF-induced PMN superoxide production requires CD11B-mediated PMN-endothelial cell adherence.	Superoxides	75-85	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	59-62
8342134-7	1993	RESULTS: PAF induced prompt changes in PMN priming (increased superoxide production after N-formyl-methyl-leucyl-phenylalanine activation), adhesion to unstimulated endothelial cells, and CD11B receptor expression.	Superoxides	62-72	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	9-12
7689123-0	1993	[Effects of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on superoxide production by neutrophil in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy].	Superoxides	71-81	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	30-67
8461525-7	1993	By increasing EDRF production or inhibiting its breakdown, EDRF precursors such as L-arginine, the superoxide radical scavenger superoxide dismutase, nitroglycerin, and nitroprusside all cause vasodilation by increasing NO levels in the setting of myocardial ischemia.	Superoxides	99-109	alpha hemoglobin stabilizing protein	Homo sapiens	14-18
8461525-7	1993	By increasing EDRF production or inhibiting its breakdown, EDRF precursors such as L-arginine, the superoxide radical scavenger superoxide dismutase, nitroglycerin, and nitroprusside all cause vasodilation by increasing NO levels in the setting of myocardial ischemia.	Superoxides	99-109	alpha hemoglobin stabilizing protein	Homo sapiens	59-63
7678988-1	1993	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte CSF (G-CSF) primed human neutrophils for enhanced release of superoxide in time- and dose-dependent manners.	Superoxides	164-174	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	29-77
7678988-1	1993	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte CSF (G-CSF) primed human neutrophils for enhanced release of superoxide in time- and dose-dependent manners.	Superoxides	164-174	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	79-85
7678988-1	1993	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte CSF (G-CSF) primed human neutrophils for enhanced release of superoxide in time- and dose-dependent manners.	Superoxides	164-174	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	103-113
8389539-1	1993	In this study, it was presented that PAF and LTB4 exert a priming effect on PMNs to promote their superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	98-114	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	37-40
2476237-2	1989	Here we demonstrate that manganous superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), a mitochondrial enzyme involved in the scavenging of superoxide radicals (O2-), is such a protein.	Superoxides	35-45	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	57-62
2476237-2	1989	Here we demonstrate that manganous superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), a mitochondrial enzyme involved in the scavenging of superoxide radicals (O2-), is such a protein.	Superoxides	139-141	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	25-55
2476237-2	1989	Here we demonstrate that manganous superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), a mitochondrial enzyme involved in the scavenging of superoxide radicals (O2-), is such a protein.	Superoxides	139-141	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	57-62
2549869-3	1989	Physiologically, this reaction occurs at a relatively low rate, because the native form of the enzyme is xanthine dehydrogenase (XD) which produces NADH instead of O2-.	Superoxides	164-167	xanthine dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	105-127
2541080-0	1989	A monoclonal antibody to CD11c antigen inhibits the production of superoxide anion induced by concanavalin A in PMA-differentiated U-937 cells.	Superoxides	66-82	integrin subunit alpha X	Homo sapiens	25-30
2848319-6	1988	It is proposed that NCF-1, NCF-2, and NCF-3 are essential for generation of O2.- by phagocytic cells and that genetic abnormalities of these cytosol components can result in the CGD phenotype.	Superoxides	76-78	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	27-32
2843104-2	1988	Legionella micdadei cells contain an acid phosphatase (ACP2) which blocks superoxide anion production by human neutrophils stimulated with formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) [A. K. Saha, et al.	Superoxides	74-90	acid phosphatase 2, lysosomal	Homo sapiens	55-59
3220661-8	1988	Thus, SMA-SOD may effectively dismutase superoxide radicals in the circulation.	Superoxides	40-59	survival of motor neuron 1, telomeric	Homo sapiens	6-13
2456757-2	1988	The internal pH (pHi) of cytoplasts, derived from human neutrophils, falls 0.05 pH units upon activation of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	112-122	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Homo sapiens	17-20
3017990-2	1986	We have utilized monoclonal antibodies against the two IgG Fc receptors (p40 and p72) of U937 cells to stimulate the release of superoxide.	Superoxides	128-138	interleukin 9	Homo sapiens	73-76
3006670-0	1986	Inactivation of 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase by superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	56-66	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3	Homo sapiens	16-52
3006670-2	1986	3 alpha-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.50) from Pseudomonas testosterone was inactivated by superoxide radicals generated by the aerobic xanthine oxidase reaction.	Superoxides	100-110	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3	Homo sapiens	0-36
2981404-3	1985	The primary source of superoxide in reperfused reoxygenated tissues appears to be the enzyme xanthine oxidase, released during ischemia by a calcium-triggered proteolytic attack on xanthine dehydrogenase.	Superoxides	22-32	xanthine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	181-203
6319532-3	1984	All three types of macrophages released superoxide anion (O2-) during phagocytosis of E(IgG).	Superoxides	40-56	immunoglobulin heavy chain (V7183 family)	Mus musculus	86-92
6315070-3	1983	Superoxide generated either by adriamycin:ferredoxin reductase or by hypoxanthine:xanthine oxidase can promote the formation of hydroxyl radicals in the presence of soluble iron chelates.	Superoxides	0-10	ferredoxin reductase	Homo sapiens	42-62
6315070-6	1983	Addition of double-stranded DNA to a mixture of adriamycin, ferredoxin reductase, NADPH and iron chelate inhibits formation of both superoxide and hydroxyl radicals.	Superoxides	132-142	ferredoxin reductase	Homo sapiens	60-80
6305935-2	1983	It was found that the NADPH-dependent transformation of benzene to water-soluble metabolites and to phenol catalyzed by cytochrome P-450 LM2 in membrane vesicles was inhibited by catalase, horseradish peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and hydroxyl radical scavengers such as mannitol, dimethyl sulfoxide, and catechol, indicating the participation of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anions, and hydroxyl radicals in the process.	Superoxides	370-387	cytochrome P-450	Oryctolagus cuniculus	120-136
6305935-7	1983	The results indicate that the microsomal cytochrome P-450-dependent oxidation of benzene is mediated by hydroxyl radicals formed in a modified Haber-Weiss reaction between hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anions and suggest that any cellular superoxide-generating system may be sufficient for the metabolic activation of benzene and structurally related compounds.	Superoxides	194-204	cytochrome P-450	Oryctolagus cuniculus	41-57
6305935-7	1983	The results indicate that the microsomal cytochrome P-450-dependent oxidation of benzene is mediated by hydroxyl radicals formed in a modified Haber-Weiss reaction between hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anions and suggest that any cellular superoxide-generating system may be sufficient for the metabolic activation of benzene and structurally related compounds.	Superoxides	242-252	cytochrome P-450	Oryctolagus cuniculus	41-57
7350910-5	1980	The production of HCN was associated with an increased O2 uptake, which was established from the beginning of the reaction, with no apparent lag and ranged from 1.2 to 1.6 mumol extra O2 taken up/mumol HCN formed.	Superoxides	55-57	metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1	Homo sapiens	18-21
8357331-4	1993	Although earlier studies suggested that sulfhydryl-containing ACE inhibitors scavenge superoxide anions, recent data have shown that these drugs scavenge hydroxyl radical and hypochlorous acid with no effect on superoxide anion.	Superoxides	86-103	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Canis lupus familiaris	62-65
8357331-4	1993	Although earlier studies suggested that sulfhydryl-containing ACE inhibitors scavenge superoxide anions, recent data have shown that these drugs scavenge hydroxyl radical and hypochlorous acid with no effect on superoxide anion.	Superoxides	86-102	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Canis lupus familiaris	62-65
8292972-2	1993	The T-cell-derived lymphokine human leukocyte inhibitory factor (LIF) is a modulator of many important polymorphonuclear (PMN) functions in addition to aggregation such as chemotaxis, lysosomal degranulation, phagocytosis, bactericidal killing, augmented antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), induction of neutrophil Fc-gamma, complement type-1 and FMLP receptors, and production of superoxide and H2O2.	Superoxides	394-404	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	36-63
8292972-2	1993	The T-cell-derived lymphokine human leukocyte inhibitory factor (LIF) is a modulator of many important polymorphonuclear (PMN) functions in addition to aggregation such as chemotaxis, lysosomal degranulation, phagocytosis, bactericidal killing, augmented antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), induction of neutrophil Fc-gamma, complement type-1 and FMLP receptors, and production of superoxide and H2O2.	Superoxides	394-404	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	65-68
18475524-3	1993	Neither inhibitor affected the upregulation of CD11b beta(2)-integrin expression or priming of superoxide generation stimulated by IL-8 and GM-CSF.	Superoxides	95-105	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	140-146
8198810-2	1993	Superoxide anion production was measured by the technique of Pick and Mizel in fibroblasts cultured from biopsies of involved and uninvolved skin of patients with psoriasis and from skin biopsies of normal controls.	Superoxides	0-16	protein interacting with PRKCA 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
1464587-1	1992	rac1 and rac2 p21s are ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins which are implicated in the NADPH oxidase-catalyzed superoxide generation in phagocytes.	Superoxides	115-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
1281723-2	1992	We have evaluated the ability of substance P (SP), neurokinin A (NKA) and the selective NK2 receptor agonist [beta-Ala8]-NKA(4-10) to induce superoxide anion (O2-) production and prostanoid (prostaglandin E2, thromboxane B2) release from alveolar macrophages (AMs) isolated from control or actively sensitized guinea-pigs.	Superoxides	141-157	substance-K receptor	Cavia porcellus	88-100
1281723-2	1992	We have evaluated the ability of substance P (SP), neurokinin A (NKA) and the selective NK2 receptor agonist [beta-Ala8]-NKA(4-10) to induce superoxide anion (O2-) production and prostanoid (prostaglandin E2, thromboxane B2) release from alveolar macrophages (AMs) isolated from control or actively sensitized guinea-pigs.	Superoxides	159-161	substance-K receptor	Cavia porcellus	88-100
1487954-4	1992	In recent years, it also has been shown that serum platelet-activating factor (PAF) levels increased during ischemia-reperfusion, and that induction of superoxide generation by neutrophils is one of the important biological effects of PAF.	Superoxides	152-162	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	79-82
1487954-4	1992	In recent years, it also has been shown that serum platelet-activating factor (PAF) levels increased during ischemia-reperfusion, and that induction of superoxide generation by neutrophils is one of the important biological effects of PAF.	Superoxides	152-162	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	235-238
1411581-3	1992	MMP-8 is activated by hypochlorous acid produced by myeloperoxidase from hydrogen peroxide and chloride ion and by the hydroxyl radical produced in Haber Weiss reaction fed by superoxide produced by, eg, NADPH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) oxidase and xanthine oxidase.	Superoxides	176-186	matrix metallopeptidase 8	Homo sapiens	0-5
1318335-0	1992	Signal transduction mechanisms of C1q-mediated superoxide production.	Superoxides	47-57	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	34-37
1318335-4	1992	In an alternative approach we have now used a modified cytochrome c reduction assay to characterize C1q-mediated production of superoxide anion (O2-) in more detail.	Superoxides	127-143	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	100-103
1316877-3	1992	These levels of O2- release were similar in magnitude to those of macrophages from rats treated in vivo with IFN-gamma.	Superoxides	16-18	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	109-118
1316877-4	1992	In time course in vivo macrophage activation studies, both IFN-gamma and GH significantly increased O2- secretion within 24 h, with maximal secretion occurring at day 3.	Superoxides	100-102	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	59-68
1316893-1	1992	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase system in phagocytes consists of at least membrane-associated cytochrome b558 and three cytosolic components named SOCI/NCF-3/sigma 1/C1, SOCII/NCF-1/p47-phox, and SO-CIII/NCF-2/p67-phox.	Superoxides	4-14	UBX domain protein 11	Homo sapiens	155-159
1316893-1	1992	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase system in phagocytes consists of at least membrane-associated cytochrome b558 and three cytosolic components named SOCI/NCF-3/sigma 1/C1, SOCII/NCF-1/p47-phox, and SO-CIII/NCF-2/p67-phox.	Superoxides	4-14	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	190-193
1316893-11	1992	These results indicate that the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase system is regulated by both smg GDS and rho GDI through rac2 p21 or the rac2-related small G protein in phagocytes.	Superoxides	32-42	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	108-115
1316893-11	1992	These results indicate that the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase system is regulated by both smg GDS and rho GDI through rac2 p21 or the rac2-related small G protein in phagocytes.	Superoxides	32-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	129-132
1321621-0	1992	Differential effects of platelet-activating factor on superoxide anion production in human eosinophils and neutrophils.	Superoxides	54-70	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	24-50
1321621-1	1992	The effect of platelet-activating factor (PAF) on the generation of superoxide anion (O2-) in human eosinophils and neutrophils was examined.	Superoxides	68-84	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	14-40
1321621-1	1992	The effect of platelet-activating factor (PAF) on the generation of superoxide anion (O2-) in human eosinophils and neutrophils was examined.	Superoxides	68-84	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	42-45
1321621-1	1992	The effect of platelet-activating factor (PAF) on the generation of superoxide anion (O2-) in human eosinophils and neutrophils was examined.	Superoxides	86-89	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	14-40
1321621-1	1992	The effect of platelet-activating factor (PAF) on the generation of superoxide anion (O2-) in human eosinophils and neutrophils was examined.	Superoxides	86-89	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	42-45
1321621-2	1992	The presence of PAF potentiated O2- production in either opsonized zymosan- or formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP)-stimulated cells.	Superoxides	32-34	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	16-19
1321621-4	1992	We also found that eosinophils generate substantial amounts of O2- when treated with PAF alone.	Superoxides	63-65	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	85-88
1321621-5	1992	The high responsiveness of unstimulated or opsonized zymosan-stimulated eosinophils to PAF to generate O2- may be relevant to the pathological changes at the loci of allergic reactions where eosinophils and PAF are crucially involved.	Superoxides	103-105	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	87-90
1321621-5	1992	The high responsiveness of unstimulated or opsonized zymosan-stimulated eosinophils to PAF to generate O2- may be relevant to the pathological changes at the loci of allergic reactions where eosinophils and PAF are crucially involved.	Superoxides	103-105	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	207-210
1318654-0	1992	Met- and Leu-enkephalin modulate superoxide anion release from human polymorphonuclear cells.	Superoxides	33-49	prodynorphin	Homo sapiens	9-23
1312809-2	1992	When HPPMN were exposed to recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alpha (rHuTNF-alpha) or recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rG-CSF), they underwent priming and the rate of superoxide anion (O.-2) generation was increased by subsequent exposure to formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) or opsonized zymosan (OZ).	Superoxides	196-212	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	109-146
1327185-1	1992	The effects of plasmalogenic and acyl structural analogs of the platelet activation factor (PAF) on the superoxide radical production by human blood leukocytes were studied.	Superoxides	104-122	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	92-95
1317753-3	1992	IL-2 administered in vitro or in vivo enhanced O2- production by hepatic macrophages and the intravenous injection of OK432 also enhanced O2 production.	Superoxides	47-49	interleukin 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
1317753-4	1992	Furthermore, IL-2 added to the culture medium of hepatic macrophages isolated from OK432-injected rats augmented O2- production even more.	Superoxides	113-115	interleukin 2	Rattus norvegicus	13-17
1317753-6	1992	As with O2- production, the cytotoxicity of the cells was enhanced by OK432 injection or by IL-2 added to the culture medium and the combination of OK432 and IL-2 augmented their cytotoxicity even more.	Superoxides	8-10	interleukin 2	Rattus norvegicus	92-96
1317753-6	1992	As with O2- production, the cytotoxicity of the cells was enhanced by OK432 injection or by IL-2 added to the culture medium and the combination of OK432 and IL-2 augmented their cytotoxicity even more.	Superoxides	8-10	interleukin 2	Rattus norvegicus	158-162
1317753-7	1992	Thus, the present study suggested that IL-2 and OK432 induce the augmentation of the antitumor activity of hepatic macrophages, partly as a result of the increase in production of O2- and TNF and Ia expression.	Superoxides	180-182	interleukin 2	Rattus norvegicus	39-43
1664206-7	1991	These results suggest that the inhibitory mechanism of nifedipine and nisoldipine for O2- production from the macrophages appears to directly inhibit the enzyme system of the NADPH-oxidase complex through the activation of protein kinase C, and that the inhibition of PMA-stimulated PGE2 production may be due to a decrease of phospholipase A2 through protein kinase C. On the basis of the inhibitory action on O2- and PGE2 production from the macrophages, a possible mechanism of antiatherogenic effect of calcium antagonists was discussed.	Superoxides	86-88	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	327-343
1646607-7	1991	PAF increased the production of superoxide anion (O2-) by human alveolar macrophages in a dose- dependent manner.	Superoxides	32-48	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
1646607-7	1991	PAF increased the production of superoxide anion (O2-) by human alveolar macrophages in a dose- dependent manner.	Superoxides	50-52	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
1646607-8	1991	The effects of PAF on [Ca2+]i and (O2-) could be blocked by the PAF-specific antagonist WEB 2086 dose dependently, indicating a receptor-mediated event.	Superoxides	35-37	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	15-18
1706523-0	1991	Adhesion protein GMP140 inhibits superoxide anion release by human neutrophils.	Superoxides	33-49	selectin P	Homo sapiens	17-23
1706523-3	1991	Adherence to GMP140 was associated with less superoxide anion generation than adherence to other surfaces, an effect that is especially remarkable after activation of neutrophils with tumor necrosis factor alpha, an agent that on other surfaces promotes adhesion and spreading.	Superoxides	45-61	selectin P	Homo sapiens	13-19
1706523-5	1991	Neutrophils adhering to GMP140 were also deficient in superoxide anion generation to formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine.	Superoxides	54-70	selectin P	Homo sapiens	24-30
1706523-6	1991	Furthermore, fluid-phase GMP140 also inhibited the superoxide generation by neutrophils stimulated by tumor necrosis factor alpha.	Superoxides	51-61	selectin P	Homo sapiens	25-31
1847803-1	1991	In our previous study on chemotactic peptide isolated from Ropalidian wasp, it was found to induce not only chemotaxis but also other cellular responses, such as superoxide generation and lysosomal enzyme release, but [Lys7] analog was found to induce only chemotaxis but not others.	Superoxides	162-172	WASP actin nucleation promoting factor	Homo sapiens	70-74
1899224-1	1991	We recently demonstrated that GH and interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) act in a similar manner to prime macrophages in vitro and in vivo for enhanced superoxide anion release.	Superoxides	145-161	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	37-53
1899224-1	1991	We recently demonstrated that GH and interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) act in a similar manner to prime macrophages in vitro and in vivo for enhanced superoxide anion release.	Superoxides	145-161	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	55-64
1849872-1	1991	Recombinant human (rh) tumour necrosis factor (TNF) alpha and rh granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) prime human polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) for increased superoxide anion (O2-) generation and for increased platelet-activating factor (PAF) biosynthesis and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) release.	Superoxides	184-200	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	65-113
1849872-1	1991	Recombinant human (rh) tumour necrosis factor (TNF) alpha and rh granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) prime human polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) for increased superoxide anion (O2-) generation and for increased platelet-activating factor (PAF) biosynthesis and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) release.	Superoxides	184-200	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	115-121
1849872-1	1991	Recombinant human (rh) tumour necrosis factor (TNF) alpha and rh granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) prime human polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) for increased superoxide anion (O2-) generation and for increased platelet-activating factor (PAF) biosynthesis and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) release.	Superoxides	202-204	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	65-113
1849872-1	1991	Recombinant human (rh) tumour necrosis factor (TNF) alpha and rh granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) prime human polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) for increased superoxide anion (O2-) generation and for increased platelet-activating factor (PAF) biosynthesis and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) release.	Superoxides	202-204	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	115-121
1849872-2	1991	Both PAF and LTB4 are candidate mediators for the enhanced O2- generation in cytokine-primed PMN, since exogenous PAF or LTB4 primes PMN.	Superoxides	59-61	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	5-8
1849872-2	1991	Both PAF and LTB4 are candidate mediators for the enhanced O2- generation in cytokine-primed PMN, since exogenous PAF or LTB4 primes PMN.	Superoxides	59-61	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	114-117
1849050-4	1991	Sal and Sin B were able to inhibit gossypol-induced superoxide anion generation in rat liver microsomes.	Superoxides	52-68	polymerase (RNA) III (DNA directed) polypeptide E	Mus musculus	8-11
1647806-2	1991	All compounds were potent inhibitors of formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP)- and platelet-activating factor (PAF)-induced superoxide anion generation, beta-glucuronidase release and Ca++ influx.	Superoxides	131-147	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	118-121
2170531-2	1990	Over the last few years, several studies showing that production of superoxide by neutrophils in response to chemotactic factors such as FMLP is enhanced after preincubation of the cells with granulocyte-macrophage (GM)-CSF or TNF-alpha have been published.	Superoxides	68-78	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	192-223
2170531-5	1990	Pretreatment of neutrophils with either GM-CSF or TNF-alpha dose-dependently enhanced the production of superoxide induced by NaF, as determined by the superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of ferricytochrome c.	Superoxides	104-114	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	40-46
1702455-0	1990	Increased superoxide anion release from chondrocytes in response to interleukin 1 and interferons.	Superoxides	10-26	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	68-81
1702455-1	1990	In order to investigate a possible mechanism of degradation of cartilage matrix in chronic inflammation, superoxide anion (O2-) release from chondrocytes after stimulation with interleukin 1 (IL 1) and interferons (IFNs) has been studied.	Superoxides	105-121	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	177-196
1702455-1	1990	In order to investigate a possible mechanism of degradation of cartilage matrix in chronic inflammation, superoxide anion (O2-) release from chondrocytes after stimulation with interleukin 1 (IL 1) and interferons (IFNs) has been studied.	Superoxides	123-125	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	177-196
2165948-2	1990	The production of O2- by macrophages in response to opsonized-zymosan and recombinant rat IFN-gamma is 75% lower in 23-month-old rats than in 3-month-old rats.	Superoxides	18-20	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	90-99
1697194-13	1990	The NK2 receptor agonist [beta-Ala8]-NKA (4-10) dose-dependently evoked O2-.	Superoxides	72-74	substance-K receptor	Cavia porcellus	4-16
1969452-4	1990	LPS elicits several responses in leukocytes including secretion of TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta, and priming for enhanced release of oxygen radicals such as superoxide anion.	Superoxides	152-168	interferon regulatory factor 6	Homo sapiens	0-3
1969452-8	1990	Further, PMN and monocytes from CD18-deficient patients showed normal priming for enhanced release of superoxide anion in response to LPS.	Superoxides	102-118	interferon regulatory factor 6	Homo sapiens	134-137
1698209-3	1990	In present study, we have investigated superoxide (O2-) production from human neutrophils by recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) using the microtiter plate for the purpose of being close to the inflammatory site.	Superoxides	39-49	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	111-148
1698209-3	1990	In present study, we have investigated superoxide (O2-) production from human neutrophils by recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) using the microtiter plate for the purpose of being close to the inflammatory site.	Superoxides	39-49	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	150-155
1698209-3	1990	In present study, we have investigated superoxide (O2-) production from human neutrophils by recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) using the microtiter plate for the purpose of being close to the inflammatory site.	Superoxides	51-53	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	111-148
1698209-3	1990	In present study, we have investigated superoxide (O2-) production from human neutrophils by recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) using the microtiter plate for the purpose of being close to the inflammatory site.	Superoxides	51-53	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	150-155
1698209-5	1990	However, the optimal concentration of G-CSF (50 ng/ml) was able to prime human neutrophils with enhance of O2- release stimulated by the chemotactic peptide, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) from 10(-6) to 10(-8) M, but not by the non chemoattractant such as phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), concanavalin A, and ionomycin.	Superoxides	107-109	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	38-43
2155231-9	1990	The different hGM-CSF forms induced neutrophil superoxide anion production by a variable amount depending on the extent of N-linked glycosylation.	Superoxides	47-63	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	14-21
2159354-0	1990	Modulation of superoxide anion release from human polymorphonuclear cells by Met- and Leu-enkephalin.	Superoxides	14-30	prodynorphin	Homo sapiens	86-100
2159354-1	1990	The present work describes the ability of Met- and Leu-enkephalin to modulate the superoxide anion (O2-) release from unstimulated human polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) and from PMN stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).	Superoxides	82-98	prodynorphin	Homo sapiens	51-65
2159354-1	1990	The present work describes the ability of Met- and Leu-enkephalin to modulate the superoxide anion (O2-) release from unstimulated human polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) and from PMN stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).	Superoxides	100-102	prodynorphin	Homo sapiens	51-65
2159354-4	1990	PMNs collected from donors with medium baseline reactivity incubated with Leu-enkephalin regardless of concentration released less O2- than control, nontreated PMNs.	Superoxides	131-133	prodynorphin	Homo sapiens	74-88
2159354-6	1990	Superoxide anion release from PMNs of individuals with high baseline reactivity was concentration dependent and suppressed by Met- and Leu-enkephalin.	Superoxides	0-16	prodynorphin	Homo sapiens	135-149
2159354-7	1990	Leu-enkephalin induced baseline reactivity was dependent upon progressive increase in the magnitude of change on O2- release (i.e., the higher the baseline the higher the magnitude of change in O2- generation).	Superoxides	113-115	prodynorphin	Homo sapiens	0-14
2159354-7	1990	Leu-enkephalin induced baseline reactivity was dependent upon progressive increase in the magnitude of change on O2- release (i.e., the higher the baseline the higher the magnitude of change in O2- generation).	Superoxides	194-196	prodynorphin	Homo sapiens	0-14
2312718-4	1990	PTH and IL-1-stimulated bone resorption was inhibited by both natural and recombinant superoxide dismutase, an enzyme that depletes tissues of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	143-160	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	8-12
2157034-2	1990	Their superoxide production at rest and following stimulation with either serum-treated zymosan (STZ) or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) was measured by cytochrome-c reduction.	Superoxides	6-16	cytochrome c, somatic	Equus caballus	153-165
1966812-2	1990	For example, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) enhances superoxide production and cytotoxicity of neutrophils stimulated by diverse agonists.	Superoxides	80-90	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	13-61
1966812-2	1990	For example, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) enhances superoxide production and cytotoxicity of neutrophils stimulated by diverse agonists.	Superoxides	80-90	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	63-69
1966813-1	1990	In this paper we have examined the cooperation between TNF and PAF in the generation of superoxide anion (O2-) in vitro by polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs), as well as their ability to induce joint inflammation when injected into the knee of healthy rabbits.	Superoxides	88-104	tumor necrosis factor	Oryctolagus cuniculus	55-58
1966813-1	1990	In this paper we have examined the cooperation between TNF and PAF in the generation of superoxide anion (O2-) in vitro by polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs), as well as their ability to induce joint inflammation when injected into the knee of healthy rabbits.	Superoxides	106-109	tumor necrosis factor	Oryctolagus cuniculus	55-58
1966813-2	1990	TNF and PAF directly stimulated the generation of a small amount of O2- by PMNs.	Superoxides	68-70	tumor necrosis factor	Oryctolagus cuniculus	0-3
1966813-3	1990	TNF pretreatment of PMNs induced a certain synergy in the O2- production, when these cells were later stimulated with PAF.	Superoxides	58-60	tumor necrosis factor	Oryctolagus cuniculus	0-3
1966814-3	1990	Although a relatively weak direct oxidative agonist, PAF markedly enhances O2- release evoked by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and the chemotactic peptide N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP), increasing the maximal rate of O2- production by a calcium-dependent mechanism.	Superoxides	75-77	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	53-56
33805584-0	2021	Pathological Relationship between Intracellular Superoxide Metabolism and p53 Signaling in Mice.	Superoxides	48-58	transformation related protein 53, pseudogene	Mus musculus	74-77
33805584-2	2021	We previously reported that intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide accumulation caused by cytoplasmic SOD (SOD1) or mitochondrial SOD (SOD2) insufficiency, induced p53 activation in cells.	Superoxides	83-93	transformation related protein 53, pseudogene	Mus musculus	191-194
33807982-5	2021	Long-term ACE inhibition for 28 d limited vascular inflammation, particularly the infiltration of Ly6Chigh monocytes/macrophages, and reduced superoxide formation, resulting in improved endothelial function in mice with ischemic heart failure.	Superoxides	142-152	angiotensin I converting enzyme (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) 1	Mus musculus	10-13
33817175-5	2019	The experiment of cerebral ischemic oxidative stress model rats showed that the survival rate, apoptosis rate, malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase levels in miR-182 group were better than model control group.	Superoxides	131-141	microRNA 182	Rattus norvegicus	162-169
34638028-3	2021	Herein we focus on two enzymes that are key to the biosynthesis of superoxide and nitric oxide, NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), respectively.	Superoxides	67-77	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	96-111
34638028-3	2021	Herein we focus on two enzymes that are key to the biosynthesis of superoxide and nitric oxide, NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), respectively.	Superoxides	67-77	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	113-117
34089877-5	2021	Sestrin knockdown in HgCl2-exposed midguts decreased survival rates and climbing ability of flies, and inhibited superoxide dismutase and glutathione-S-transferase activities of midgut epithelieum.	Superoxides	113-123	Sestrin	Drosophila melanogaster	0-7
34454164-7	2021	Also, the lack of superoxide radical led to an impairment of parasite differentiation inside gp91phox-/- macrophages.	Superoxides	18-28	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	93-97
34264260-3	2021	Here, we show that MoS2 nanozymes exhibit activities of four major cellular cascade antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and glutathione peroxidase.	Superoxides	115-125	mago homolog, exon junction complex core component	Mus musculus	19-23
34439484-0	2021	Neonatal Extracellular Superoxide Dismutase Knockout Mice Increase Total Superoxide Dismutase Activity and VEGF Expression after Chronic Hyperoxia.	Superoxides	73-83	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	9-43
34439484-2	2021	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3) is an enzyme that processes superoxide radicals and has been shown to facilitate vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and nitric oxide (NO) signaling in vascular endothelium.	Superoxides	70-80	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	0-34
35513204-10	2022	The neuroprotective effects of PEP-1-PGAM5 are partially mediated by a reduction in oxidative stress, such as the formation of reactive oxygen species, and increases in the activity of antioxidants such as glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	233-243	CNDP dipeptidase 2 (metallopeptidase M20 family)	Mus musculus	31-36
35513204-9	2022	Two days after ischemia, treatment with PEP-1-PGAM5 significantly alleviated the ischemia-induced reduction in glutathione peroxidase activity and further increased superoxide dismutase activity in the hippocampus.	Superoxides	165-175	CNDP dipeptidase 2 (metallopeptidase M20 family)	Mus musculus	40-45
35418250-11	2022	Increased M1-SIRT3 expression in primary rat and human cardiomyocytes attenuated doxorubicin-induced superoxide formation, whereas deacetylase deficient mutants were unable to prevent oxidative stress.	Superoxides	101-111	sirtuin 3	Rattus norvegicus	13-18
35531284-7	2022	Moreover, EP4 and EP5 could significantly protect human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) from H2O2-induced oxidative damage by increasing the levels of antioxidant enzyme systems including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) to reduce the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (60.51 and 51.74% of model group) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (75.36 and 64.45% of model group).	Superoxides	198-208	prostaglandin E receptor 4	Homo sapiens	10-13
35394776-7	2022	SeP could not only alleviate PAT-induced oxidative stress by decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA) and increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels in the jejunum tissues but also alleviate the inflammatory response caused by PAT by reducing the levels of inflammatory factors (interleukin (IL)-6 snd IL-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)) in the serum and jejunum tissues.	Superoxides	109-119	membrane metallo-endopeptidase-like 1	Mus musculus	0-3
35089811-10	2022	Together, our data demonstrate that ECV exposure activates NADPH oxidase and uncouples eNOS, causing a vicious cycle of superoxide generation and vascular oxidant stress that triggers VED and hypertension with predisposition to other cardiovascular disease.	Superoxides	120-130	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	87-91
35485210-9	2022	Moreover, LINC01606 protected colon cancer cells from ferroptosis by decreasing the concentration of iron, lipid reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial superoxide and increasing mitochondrial membrane potential.	Superoxides	152-162	long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1606	Homo sapiens	10-19
35063507-8	2022	After separating the two CD177/mPR3 neutrophil subsets from individual donors by magnetic sorting, we found that PR3-ANCAs provoked significantly more superoxide production in CD177pos/mPR3high than in CD177neg/mPR3low neutrophils, and that anti-CD177 Fab clone 40 reduced the superoxide production of CD177pos cells to the level of the CD177neg cells.	Superoxides	151-161	CD177 molecule	Homo sapiens	25-30
35063507-8	2022	After separating the two CD177/mPR3 neutrophil subsets from individual donors by magnetic sorting, we found that PR3-ANCAs provoked significantly more superoxide production in CD177pos/mPR3high than in CD177neg/mPR3low neutrophils, and that anti-CD177 Fab clone 40 reduced the superoxide production of CD177pos cells to the level of the CD177neg cells.	Superoxides	151-161	CD177 molecule	Homo sapiens	176-181
35063507-8	2022	After separating the two CD177/mPR3 neutrophil subsets from individual donors by magnetic sorting, we found that PR3-ANCAs provoked significantly more superoxide production in CD177pos/mPR3high than in CD177neg/mPR3low neutrophils, and that anti-CD177 Fab clone 40 reduced the superoxide production of CD177pos cells to the level of the CD177neg cells.	Superoxides	277-287	CD177 molecule	Homo sapiens	176-181
2552308-4	1989	The results are consistent with BAP behaving as a photosensitizer that generates both superoxide and singlet oxygen, and that damages chiefly membranes.	Superoxides	86-96	prohibitin 2	Homo sapiens	32-35
2546554-2	1989	EPO release and Ca2+ mobilization occurred at lower concentrations of PAF (EC50 values of 1.3 nM and 11.5 nM, respectively) while .O2- production was observed at higher concentrations (EC50 of 31.7 microM).	Superoxides	131-133	eosinophil peroxidase	Cavia porcellus	0-3
2544592-0	1989	Inhibition of the high affinity Fc receptor (Fc gamma RI) on human monocytes by porphyrin photosensitization is highly specific and mediated by the generation of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	162-172	Fc gamma receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	45-56
2544592-5	1989	DHE plus light-induced modulation of Fc gamma RI was found to be mediated by superoxide anions, since addition of a mimic of superoxide dismutase restored both binding of mouse IgG2a to Fc gamma RI as well as human monocyte accessory cell function.	Superoxides	77-94	Fc gamma receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	37-48
2541203-0	1989	IFN-gamma and LPS overcome glucocorticoid inhibition of priming for superoxide release in human monocytes.	Superoxides	68-78	interferon regulatory factor 6	Homo sapiens	14-17
2541203-4	1989	Monocytes incubated with either IFN-gamma or LPS became "primed" and released greater amounts of O2- in response to stimuli.	Superoxides	97-99	interferon regulatory factor 6	Homo sapiens	45-48
2541203-7	1989	When glucocorticoids were co-incubated with IFN-gamma or LPS, the effect of hydrocortisone and other active steroids was blocked, and the monocytes released high O2-.	Superoxides	162-164	interferon regulatory factor 6	Homo sapiens	57-60
2541203-8	1989	However, when monocytes were preincubated with hydrocortisone for 24 h before addition of IFN-gamma or LPS, priming for enhanced O2- production by LPS was partially inhibited whereas there was no effect on IFN-gamma priming.	Superoxides	129-131	interferon regulatory factor 6	Homo sapiens	103-106
2541203-8	1989	However, when monocytes were preincubated with hydrocortisone for 24 h before addition of IFN-gamma or LPS, priming for enhanced O2- production by LPS was partially inhibited whereas there was no effect on IFN-gamma priming.	Superoxides	129-131	interferon regulatory factor 6	Homo sapiens	147-150
2541203-13	1989	LPS-induced secretion of TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta was completely blocked by hydrocortisone, but the priming effect of LPS on O2- release was only partly blocked.	Superoxides	124-126	interferon regulatory factor 6	Homo sapiens	117-120
2541198-8	1989	PAF also caused generation of superoxide anions by human eosinophils but this occurred at higher concentrations of PAF (1 microM to 30 microM) with an ED50 of 8.4 +/- 0.9 microM.	Superoxides	30-47	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
2541198-10	1989	These studies demonstrate that PAF activates human eosinophils to release granule constituents and generate superoxide anions.	Superoxides	108-125	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	31-34
2548692-7	1989	These results indicate that the production of superoxide radical increases in plasma membrane samples prepared from regressing rat corpora lutea and that this increase is mainly due to the products of phospholipase A2 and cyclooxygenase activity.	Superoxides	46-64	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	201-217
2562422-2	1989	Substitution of fluorine atoms into chloromethanes results in a substantial decrease in their reactivity with O2.- (relative rates: CCl4 much greater than CF4, much greater than CCl4 much greater than FCCl3, CCl4 much greater than F2CCl2, CCl4 much greater than F3CCl, H3CCl much greater than F3CCl, and H2CCl2 much greater than F2CCl2).	Superoxides	110-112	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Homo sapiens	132-136
2562422-2	1989	Substitution of fluorine atoms into chloromethanes results in a substantial decrease in their reactivity with O2.- (relative rates: CCl4 much greater than CF4, much greater than CCl4 much greater than FCCl3, CCl4 much greater than F2CCl2, CCl4 much greater than F3CCl, H3CCl much greater than F3CCl, and H2CCl2 much greater than F2CCl2).	Superoxides	110-112	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Homo sapiens	178-182
2562422-2	1989	Substitution of fluorine atoms into chloromethanes results in a substantial decrease in their reactivity with O2.- (relative rates: CCl4 much greater than CF4, much greater than CCl4 much greater than FCCl3, CCl4 much greater than F2CCl2, CCl4 much greater than F3CCl, H3CCl much greater than F3CCl, and H2CCl2 much greater than F2CCl2).	Superoxides	110-112	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Homo sapiens	178-182
2562422-2	1989	Substitution of fluorine atoms into chloromethanes results in a substantial decrease in their reactivity with O2.- (relative rates: CCl4 much greater than CF4, much greater than CCl4 much greater than FCCl3, CCl4 much greater than F2CCl2, CCl4 much greater than F3CCl, H3CCl much greater than F3CCl, and H2CCl2 much greater than F2CCl2).	Superoxides	110-112	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Homo sapiens	178-182
2541141-1	1989	When human granulocytes that have been primed with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSFrh) are activated by ligands that stimulate the respiratory burst, the amount of superoxide anion (O2-) they generate is significantly increased.	Superoxides	206-222	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	69-117
2541141-1	1989	When human granulocytes that have been primed with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSFrh) are activated by ligands that stimulate the respiratory burst, the amount of superoxide anion (O2-) they generate is significantly increased.	Superoxides	224-226	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	69-117
7350910-5	1980	The production of HCN was associated with an increased O2 uptake, which was established from the beginning of the reaction, with no apparent lag and ranged from 1.2 to 1.6 mumol extra O2 taken up/mumol HCN formed.	Superoxides	55-57	metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1	Homo sapiens	202-205
2544273-2	1989	For assessment of the production of O2- and H2O2 he used the colorimetric method described by Pick and Keisari.	Superoxides	36-38	protein interacting with PRKCA 1	Homo sapiens	94-98
7350910-5	1980	The production of HCN was associated with an increased O2 uptake, which was established from the beginning of the reaction, with no apparent lag and ranged from 1.2 to 1.6 mumol extra O2 taken up/mumol HCN formed.	Superoxides	184-186	metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1	Homo sapiens	18-21
2539377-2	1989	We report herein that, when granulocytes are "primed" by a 90-min preincubation with the recombinant human hemopoietic growth factor granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSFrh), elevation of the concentration of cytosolic Ca2+ ions ([Ca2+]i) becomes a more effective transduction signal capable of triggering the generation of substantial quantities of superoxide (O2-) anions by the cell.	Superoxides	369-379	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	133-181
2539377-2	1989	We report herein that, when granulocytes are "primed" by a 90-min preincubation with the recombinant human hemopoietic growth factor granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSFrh), elevation of the concentration of cytosolic Ca2+ ions ([Ca2+]i) becomes a more effective transduction signal capable of triggering the generation of substantial quantities of superoxide (O2-) anions by the cell.	Superoxides	381-383	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	133-181
2540792-0	1989	Enhancement of superoxide anion release by granulocytes harvested from patients receiving granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor.	Superoxides	15-31	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	90-138
2540792-1	1989	We examined the rate and quantity of superoxide anion (O2-) generation by granulocytes harvested from the blood of patients before and after a 12-24 h constant intravenous infusion with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSFrh).	Superoxides	55-57	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	204-252
2538510-3	1989	However, the ability to generate O2- in response to PMA could be induced in BMM by pre-exposing the cells to certain cytokines, including granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), IFN-gamma, and, to a lesser extent, IL-1 alpha.	Superoxides	33-35	interleukin 1 alpha	Mus musculus	252-262
7350910-9	1980	The facts could be interpreted in terms of superoxide anion formation during the HCN-producing reaction.	Superoxides	43-59	metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1	Homo sapiens	81-84
232945-0	1979	A new function for ceruloplasmin as an acute-phase reactant in inflammation: a scavenger of superoxide anion radicals.	Superoxides	92-117	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	19-32
2492588-6	1989	IL-2 treatment in vitro enhanced the neonatal macrophages" ADCC function and superoxide release.	Superoxides	77-87	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	0-4
232945-1	1979	In summary, purified human ceruloplasmin inhibits several reactions mediated by superoxide anion in a fashion consistent with an ability to scavenge this free radical.	Superoxides	80-96	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	27-40
3192624-1	1988	We have shown that platelet-activating factor (PAF), a weak primary stimulus for neutrophil superoxide generation, synergistically enhances neutrophil oxidative responses to the tumor promoter phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).	Superoxides	92-102	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	19-45
232945-2	1979	It must be pointed out, however, that on a weight basis, the superoxide-scavenging activity of ceruloplasmin is substantially less than that of purified human erythrocyte superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	61-71	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	95-108
3192624-1	1988	We have shown that platelet-activating factor (PAF), a weak primary stimulus for neutrophil superoxide generation, synergistically enhances neutrophil oxidative responses to the tumor promoter phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).	Superoxides	92-102	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	47-50
232945-3	1979	Nevertheless, since superoxide dismutase is almost exclusively an intracellular enzyme, ceruloplasmin probably represents the major circulating scavenger of superoxide anion radicals.	Superoxides	157-182	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	88-101
232945-7	1979	Consequently, we have not yet been able to quantify the superoxide-scavenging activity of either ceruloplasmin or superoxide dismutase in whole human plasma.	Superoxides	56-66	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	97-110
214131-0	1978	Involvement of superoxide in the catalytic cycle of diamine oxidase.	Superoxides	15-25	amine oxidase copper containing 1	Sus scrofa	52-67
2843577-9	1988	Finally, when purified C1q was added to preopsonized, washed microfilariae, granulocyte production of superoxide was increased from 0.25 +/- 0.07 to 0.68 +/- 0.07 nm/10(6) cells.10 min (P less than 0.01).	Superoxides	102-112	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	23-26
2842347-0	1988	Incubation of endothelial cells in a superoxide-generating system: impaired low-density lipoprotein receptor-mediated endocytosis.	Superoxides	37-47	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	76-108
825533-7	1976	Upon exposure to superoxide anion, purified catalase, the glutathione peroxidase of the 100,000-g supernate, NADH, and NADPH cytochrome c reductases of the 16,000-g pellet decreased to 66+/-5%, 72+/-4%, 52+/-8%, and 40+/-9%, respectively, of their original activity.	Superoxides	17-33	catalase	Cavia porcellus	44-52
2839363-1	1988	When stimulated with immune complex or C5a anaphylatoxin, human neutrophils undergo an increase in the concentration of intracellular Ca2+ [( Ca2+]i) that precedes the onset of superoxide (O2-) production.	Superoxides	177-187	complement C5	Homo sapiens	39-56
183743-12	1976	It is concluded that autoxidation is responsible for a significant proportion of electron flow between cytochrome b5 and O2 in liver endoplasmic membranes, this reaction being capable of generating superoxide anions.	Superoxides	198-215	cytochrome b5 type A	Homo sapiens	103-116
2838554-9	1988	Significant amounts of superoxide were detected within 180 min after stimulation with GM-CSF, whereas release of hydrogen peroxide and peroxidase were only minimal as shown by functional and ultrastructural assays.	Superoxides	23-33	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	86-92
2836109-1	1988	The abilities of angiotensin converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors to suppress superoxide anion formation in vitro and to improve postischemic cardiac function in vivo were examined.	Superoxides	76-92	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Canis lupus familiaris	48-51
60-0	1975	The reaction between the superoxide anion radical and cytochrome c.	Superoxides	25-49	cytochrome c, somatic	Equus caballus	54-66
2834450-10	1988	rTNF plus either rIFN-gamma or rIL-2 triggered significant increases in superoxide anion production, but subsequent MAC killing was no greater than with rTNF alone.	Superoxides	72-88	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	17-27
2834450-10	1988	rTNF plus either rIFN-gamma or rIL-2 triggered significant increases in superoxide anion production, but subsequent MAC killing was no greater than with rTNF alone.	Superoxides	72-88	interleukin 2	Rattus norvegicus	31-36
60-8	1975	The dependence of the rate constant on pH can be explained if cytochrome c has pKs of 7.45 and 9.2, and O2- reacts with the form present below pH 7.45 with k = 1.4-10(6) M-1 - S-1, the form above pH 7.45 with k = 3.0- 10(5) M-1 - S-1, and the form present above pH 9.2 with k = 0.	Superoxides	104-106	cytochrome c, somatic	Equus caballus	62-74
60-11	1975	It is suggested that O2- may reduce cytochrome c through a track composed of aromatic amino acids, and that little protein rearrangement is required for the formation of the activated complex.	Superoxides	21-23	cytochrome c, somatic	Equus caballus	36-48
2450644-4	1988	(b) Interferon induces xanthine oxidase; superoxide generated by interferon-induced xanthine oxidase destroys cytochrome P-450.	Superoxides	41-51	cytochrome P450, family 21, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	Mus musculus	110-126
4363828-0	1974	Evidence for the involvement of superoxide anion in dopamine-beta-hydroxylase system.	Superoxides	32-48	dopamine beta-hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	52-77
2833279-5	1988	The data indicate that in the presence of no or small amounts of chelated iron in negatively-charged membranous systems, most of the hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anions necessary for generation of hydroxyl radicals, are produced by cytochrome P-450 LM2.	Superoxides	155-172	cytochrome P450 2B4	Oryctolagus cuniculus	236-256
4985264-0	1970	Indirect evidence for the production of superoxide anion radicals by pig kidney diamine oxidase.	Superoxides	40-65	amine oxidase copper containing 1	Sus scrofa	80-95
3282238-2	1988	Prior to GM-CSF infusion, AIDS patients" neutrophil superoxide generation and neutrophil antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity were enhanced normally by in vitro exposure to GM-CSF.	Superoxides	52-62	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	182-188
33850529-10	2021	Compared with the sham group, the reactive oxygen species activity and malondialdehyde content in the brain tissue of DJ-1 overexpressing 5XFAD mice were significantly decreased, while the superoxide dismutase activity was significantly increased (P<0.05).	Superoxides	189-199	Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, early onset) 7	Mus musculus	118-122
3278750-1	1988	Human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) enhances numerous functions of mature neutrophils (PMN) including phagocytosis, superoxide responses to chemotaxins, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, and expression of complement receptors.	Superoxides	144-154	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	6-54
3278750-1	1988	Human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) enhances numerous functions of mature neutrophils (PMN) including phagocytosis, superoxide responses to chemotaxins, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, and expression of complement receptors.	Superoxides	144-154	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	56-62
2847986-5	1988	Preincubation with nedocromil sodium did not alter the ability of neutrophils to produce superoxide or release lysozyme in response to soluble or phagocytic stimuli, and GM-CSF-enhanced superoxide production triggered by chemotactic peptide was not altered in such drug-treated neutrophils.	Superoxides	186-196	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	170-176
3038160-4	1987	PAF enhanced FMLP-elicited superoxide release in a dose-dependent fashion.	Superoxides	27-37	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
33934624-2	2021	Oxidative stress-induced uncoupling of eNOS leads to decreased NO bioavailability, compounded by increased superoxide generation.	Superoxides	107-117	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	39-43
3032680-4	1987	Responses stimulated by HHG became limited as the concentration was increased above 10 microM, this being manifest as either a low maximum response compared to PDBu (superoxide release) or a bell-shaped concentration-effect curve (degranulation).	Superoxides	166-176	luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor	Homo sapiens	24-27
3032680-5	1987	HHG (30-100 microM) inhibited PDBu-stimulated superoxide release, this inhibition being enantiomerically specific.	Superoxides	46-56	luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor	Homo sapiens	0-3
3028317-6	1987	In endotoxemic animals, superoxide production was markedly enhanced in circulating PMNs, indicating production of high levels of potentially cytotoxic oxygen intermediates, while myeloperoxidase activity was decreased in both circulating and lavage PMNs, indicating depressed myeloperoxidase-dependent antimicrobial activity.	Superoxides	24-34	myeloperoxidase	Rattus norvegicus	276-291
33978928-7	2021	Down-regulation of XIST significantly promoted pulmonary edema, increased the levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and malondialdehyde, inhibited the cell viability and decreased the level of superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	185-195	uncharacterized LOC100911498	Rattus norvegicus	19-23
2849591-1	1987	Using pulse radiolysis and competition kinetics with cytochrome c, the reaction of superoxide with horse spleen ferritin was investigated.	Superoxides	83-93	cytochrome c, somatic	Equus caballus	53-65
32780460-3	2021	E-DRS scavenged free oxygen radicals effectively, including superoxide anion (ascorbic acid > E-DRS > SAA >= rutin > RES) and DPPH radical (rutin > E-DRS >= ascorbic acid > SAA > RES), and exhibited powerful total antioxidant capacity (ascorbic acid > E-DRS > SAA >= rutin > RES) in vitro.	Superoxides	60-76	sushi-repeat-containing protein	Mus musculus	2-5
33360774-8	2021	Mechanistically, c-Myc knockdown triggered mitochondrial superoxide generation, which was related to decreased expression and subsequent impaired mitochondrial localization of hexokinase 2 (HXK2).	Superoxides	57-67	hexokinase 2	Mus musculus	176-188
3011936-10	1986	In addition, both resident Kupffer cells and MNP from LPS-treated rats were found to release superoxide anion in response to stimulation by C5a and TPA.	Superoxides	93-109	complement C5	Rattus norvegicus	140-143
3006836-1	1986	The role of platelet activating factor (PAF) as a regulator of human neutrophil superoxide (O2-) generation in response to soluble and particulate stimuli was examined.	Superoxides	80-90	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	40-43
33360774-8	2021	Mechanistically, c-Myc knockdown triggered mitochondrial superoxide generation, which was related to decreased expression and subsequent impaired mitochondrial localization of hexokinase 2 (HXK2).	Superoxides	57-67	hexokinase 2	Mus musculus	190-194
3006836-1	1986	The role of platelet activating factor (PAF) as a regulator of human neutrophil superoxide (O2-) generation in response to soluble and particulate stimuli was examined.	Superoxides	92-95	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	40-43
3006836-2	1986	At concentrations greater than 10(-7) mol/L, PAF alone induced a brief burst of O2- production.	Superoxides	80-82	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	45-48
33360774-9	2021	The role of HXK2 in aFGF-mediated attenuation of mitochondrial superoxide levels and EC protection was further confirmed by si-Hxk2 and a cell-permeable form of hexokinase II VDAC binding domain (HXK2VBD) peptide, which inhibits mitochondrial localization of HXK2.	Superoxides	63-73	hexokinase 2	Mus musculus	12-16
33483749-1	2021	AIMS: Gp91-containing NADPH oxidases (NOX2) are a significant source of myocardial superoxide production.	Superoxides	83-93	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	6-10
2984574-5	1985	We have studied the effect of GM-CSF/NIF-T on superoxide anion generation in response to the bacterial chemo-attractant N-formylmethionyl-leucylphenylalanine (f-MLP), and report here that PMNs preincubated with either purified natural GM-CSF or biosynthetic (recombinant) GM-CSF showed increased (as much as fourfold) superoxide anion production in response to f-MLP.	Superoxides	46-62	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	30-36
2984574-5	1985	We have studied the effect of GM-CSF/NIF-T on superoxide anion generation in response to the bacterial chemo-attractant N-formylmethionyl-leucylphenylalanine (f-MLP), and report here that PMNs preincubated with either purified natural GM-CSF or biosynthetic (recombinant) GM-CSF showed increased (as much as fourfold) superoxide anion production in response to f-MLP.	Superoxides	46-62	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	235-241
2984574-5	1985	We have studied the effect of GM-CSF/NIF-T on superoxide anion generation in response to the bacterial chemo-attractant N-formylmethionyl-leucylphenylalanine (f-MLP), and report here that PMNs preincubated with either purified natural GM-CSF or biosynthetic (recombinant) GM-CSF showed increased (as much as fourfold) superoxide anion production in response to f-MLP.	Superoxides	46-62	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	235-241
33181440-2	2021	Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) was reported to inhibit superoxide generation from nNOS protein.	Superoxides	54-64	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	0-21
2984574-5	1985	We have studied the effect of GM-CSF/NIF-T on superoxide anion generation in response to the bacterial chemo-attractant N-formylmethionyl-leucylphenylalanine (f-MLP), and report here that PMNs preincubated with either purified natural GM-CSF or biosynthetic (recombinant) GM-CSF showed increased (as much as fourfold) superoxide anion production in response to f-MLP.	Superoxides	318-334	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	30-36
2982664-0	1985	Prostaglandins E1 and E2 enhance the stimulation of superoxide release by 1-oleoyl-2-acetylglycerol from human neutrophils.	Superoxides	52-62	small nucleolar RNA, H/ACA box 73A	Homo sapiens	15-24
33181440-2	2021	Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) was reported to inhibit superoxide generation from nNOS protein.	Superoxides	54-64	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	23-28
33181440-6	2021	In the present work, purified recombinant human Hsp90alpha, in its native dimeric state, was used in electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spin trapping experiments to study the effects of Hsp90alpha on superoxide generation from nNOS splice variants nNOSmu and nNOSalpha.	Superoxides	203-213	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	48-58
3939140-3	1985	To understand fully the interaction between reactive oxygen metabolites, myoglobin and lipid, we investigate the possibility that myoglobin may use xanthine oxidase-generated superoxide and/or hydrogen peroxide to catalyze peroxidation of a polyunsaturated fatty acid.	Superoxides	175-185	myoglobin	Homo sapiens	130-139
6318748-3	1983	Furthermore, the E-1 and E-3 polypeptides inhibit ferricytochrome c reduction by a xanthine oxidase superoxide generation system.	Superoxides	100-110	transcription factor E1	Glycine max	17-28
33181440-7	2021	Human Hsp90alpha was found to significantly increase superoxide generation from nNOSmu and nNOSalpha proteins under l-Arg-depleted conditions and Hsp90alpha influenced superoxide production by nNOSmu and nNOSalpha at varying degrees.	Superoxides	53-63	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	6-16
33181440-7	2021	Human Hsp90alpha was found to significantly increase superoxide generation from nNOSmu and nNOSalpha proteins under l-Arg-depleted conditions and Hsp90alpha influenced superoxide production by nNOSmu and nNOSalpha at varying degrees.	Superoxides	168-178	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	6-16
33181440-7	2021	Human Hsp90alpha was found to significantly increase superoxide generation from nNOSmu and nNOSalpha proteins under l-Arg-depleted conditions and Hsp90alpha influenced superoxide production by nNOSmu and nNOSalpha at varying degrees.	Superoxides	168-178	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	146-156
33181440-8	2021	Imidazole suppressed the spin adduct signal, indicating that superoxide was produced at the heme site of nNOS in the presence of Hsp90alpha, whereas l-Arg repletion diminished superoxide production by the nNOS-Hsp90alpha.	Superoxides	61-71	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	129-139
6194826-2	1983	Both alpha 2-macroglobulin-trypsin and alpha 2-macroglobulin-methylamine inhibited macrophage production of superoxide anion (O2-) while native alpha 2-macroglobulin had little effect except at high concentration.	Superoxides	108-124	alpha-2-macroglobulin	Homo sapiens	5-26
6194826-2	1983	Both alpha 2-macroglobulin-trypsin and alpha 2-macroglobulin-methylamine inhibited macrophage production of superoxide anion (O2-) while native alpha 2-macroglobulin had little effect except at high concentration.	Superoxides	108-124	alpha-2-macroglobulin	Homo sapiens	39-60
33181440-8	2021	Imidazole suppressed the spin adduct signal, indicating that superoxide was produced at the heme site of nNOS in the presence of Hsp90alpha, whereas l-Arg repletion diminished superoxide production by the nNOS-Hsp90alpha.	Superoxides	61-71	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	210-220
6194826-2	1983	Both alpha 2-macroglobulin-trypsin and alpha 2-macroglobulin-methylamine inhibited macrophage production of superoxide anion (O2-) while native alpha 2-macroglobulin had little effect except at high concentration.	Superoxides	108-124	alpha-2-macroglobulin	Homo sapiens	39-60
6194826-2	1983	Both alpha 2-macroglobulin-trypsin and alpha 2-macroglobulin-methylamine inhibited macrophage production of superoxide anion (O2-) while native alpha 2-macroglobulin had little effect except at high concentration.	Superoxides	126-128	alpha-2-macroglobulin	Homo sapiens	5-26
33181440-8	2021	Imidazole suppressed the spin adduct signal, indicating that superoxide was produced at the heme site of nNOS in the presence of Hsp90alpha, whereas l-Arg repletion diminished superoxide production by the nNOS-Hsp90alpha.	Superoxides	176-186	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	210-220
6194826-2	1983	Both alpha 2-macroglobulin-trypsin and alpha 2-macroglobulin-methylamine inhibited macrophage production of superoxide anion (O2-) while native alpha 2-macroglobulin had little effect except at high concentration.	Superoxides	126-128	alpha-2-macroglobulin	Homo sapiens	39-60
6194826-2	1983	Both alpha 2-macroglobulin-trypsin and alpha 2-macroglobulin-methylamine inhibited macrophage production of superoxide anion (O2-) while native alpha 2-macroglobulin had little effect except at high concentration.	Superoxides	126-128	alpha-2-macroglobulin	Homo sapiens	39-60
33181440-10	2021	Together, these EPR spin trapping and NADPH oxidation kinetics results demonstrated noticeable Hsp90alpha-induced increases in superoxide production by nNOS and a distinguishable effect of Hsp90alpha on nNOSmu and nNOSalpha proteins.	Superoxides	127-137	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	95-105
6194826-3	1983	The alpha 2-macroglobulin "fast" forms, which bind with a Kd of about 8 nM, inhibited 50% generation of O2- (ID50) at a concentration of 7 nM while alpha 2-macroglobulin inhibited O2- production with an ID50 of 141 nM.	Superoxides	104-106	alpha-2-macroglobulin	Homo sapiens	4-25
6194826-3	1983	The alpha 2-macroglobulin "fast" forms, which bind with a Kd of about 8 nM, inhibited 50% generation of O2- (ID50) at a concentration of 7 nM while alpha 2-macroglobulin inhibited O2- production with an ID50 of 141 nM.	Superoxides	180-182	alpha-2-macroglobulin	Homo sapiens	4-25
33301880-8	2021	Additionally, leptin led to attenuation of Abeta-induced neurodegeneration and superoxide anion production as revealed by Fluoro-Jade B and dihydroethidium staining.	Superoxides	79-95	leptin	Mus musculus	14-20
6194826-3	1983	The alpha 2-macroglobulin "fast" forms, which bind with a Kd of about 8 nM, inhibited 50% generation of O2- (ID50) at a concentration of 7 nM while alpha 2-macroglobulin inhibited O2- production with an ID50 of 141 nM.	Superoxides	180-182	alpha-2-macroglobulin	Homo sapiens	148-169
32043277-1	2021	VERNALIZATION2 (VRN2), an angiosperm-specific subunit of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), is an oxygen (O2 ) regulated target of the PCO branch of the PRT6 N-degron pathway of ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis.	Superoxides	113-115	VEFS-Box of polycomb protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-14
6307290-0	1983	Prostaglandin E1 and prostaglandin I2 modulation of superoxide production by human neutrophils.	Superoxides	52-62	small nucleolar RNA, H/ACA box 73A	Homo sapiens	14-37
6307290-1	1983	15(S)-15-methyl-prostaglandin E1 and prostaglandin I2 rapidly and reversibly inhibit formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine induced superoxide production by human neutrophils.	Superoxides	131-141	small nucleolar RNA, H/ACA box 73A	Homo sapiens	30-53
32043277-1	2021	VERNALIZATION2 (VRN2), an angiosperm-specific subunit of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), is an oxygen (O2 ) regulated target of the PCO branch of the PRT6 N-degron pathway of ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis.	Superoxides	113-115	VEFS-Box of polycomb protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	16-20
32043277-8	2021	We conclude that the O2 -sensitive N-degron of VRN2 has a dual function, confining VRN2 to meristems and primordia, where it has specific developmental roles, whilst also permitting broad accumulation outside of meristems in response to environmental cues, leading to other functions.	Superoxides	21-23	VEFS-Box of polycomb protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	47-51
32043277-8	2021	We conclude that the O2 -sensitive N-degron of VRN2 has a dual function, confining VRN2 to meristems and primordia, where it has specific developmental roles, whilst also permitting broad accumulation outside of meristems in response to environmental cues, leading to other functions.	Superoxides	21-23	VEFS-Box of polycomb protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	83-87
33389832-7	2020	RESULTS: Both applications of VEGF caused decreases in plasma levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), intestinal malondialdehyde (MDA), oxidized glutathione, protein carbonyl levels, and increases in intestinal total glutathione and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels.	Superoxides	266-276	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Rattus norvegicus	30-34
16662626-9	1982	Superoxide dismutase inhibited NADH oxidation quite significantly indicating the involvement of the superoxide radical in the peroxidase reaction.	Superoxides	100-110	peroxidase N1	Nicotiana tabacum	126-136
6291507-6	1982	gamma-Butyrobetaine hydroxylase was inhibited by a number of low-molecular-weight compounds, such as tetranitromethane, Nitro Blue Tetrazolium, adrenaline and Tiron, which may act as scavengers of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	197-213	gamma-butyrobetaine hydroxylase 1	Homo sapiens	0-31
6288006-1	1982	The preparation and properties of a partially succinoylated cytochrome c, suited for the detection of superoxide anion radicals in liver microsomes, is reported.	Superoxides	102-127	cytochrome c, somatic	Equus caballus	60-72
6288006-9	1982	The initial rates of succinoylated ferricytochrome c reduction determined at various finite concentrations of the cytochrome c derivative can be extrapolated to obtain true rates of O2-.	Superoxides	182-184	cytochrome c, somatic	Equus caballus	40-52
8381917-3	1993	Erythrocytes sensitized with near maximal levels of aglycosylated IgG3 were able to trigger &gt; 80% of the superoxide generation triggered by the glycosylated antibody from U937 cells induced to differentiate by interferon gamma and the aglycosylated IgG3 gave half maximal responses at sensitization levels only 72% higher than those required by the glycosylated form.	Superoxides	108-118	immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 3 (G3m marker)	Homo sapiens	66-70
8381917-4	1993	Aglycosylated IgG3 was, however, much less effective in triggering superoxide generation by interferon gamma treated U937 cells at low sensitization levels as threshold responses required only 60 glycosylated IgG3 molecules per erythrocyte compared with 16,000 aglycosylated molecules.	Superoxides	67-77	immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 3 (G3m marker)	Homo sapiens	14-18
1468117-3	1992	Both GH and IFN-gamma primed macrophages triggered with opsonized zymosan to secrete superoxide anion (O2-) in vitro, but IFN-gamma was effective at a 40-fold lower concentration.	Superoxides	85-101	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	12-21
1468117-3	1992	Both GH and IFN-gamma primed macrophages triggered with opsonized zymosan to secrete superoxide anion (O2-) in vitro, but IFN-gamma was effective at a 40-fold lower concentration.	Superoxides	103-105	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	12-21
6945598-5	1981	Cellular activation takes place immediately during a 10-min warm-up to 37 degrees C and can be recognized by rapid symmetrical cell spreading, the formation of "black holes" around the cells (probably due to superoxide-facilitated photochemical bleaching of the fluorophore), and the release of the lysozomal enzyme cathepsin B.	Superoxides	208-218	cathepsin B	Cavia porcellus	316-327
33084194-7	2020	LAP displayed a strong antioxidant activity at low concentrations evaluated by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-radical scavenging, ferric reducing activity power (FRAP), free radical scavenging ability, superoxide radical-scavenging and hydroxyl radical-scavenging abilities.	Superoxides	212-230	LAP	Homo sapiens	0-3
6776205-5	1980	In addition this inactivation of tyrosinase by dopa was not inhibited by any of: 1.4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, scavenger for singlet oxygen; D-mannitol, that for hydroxyl radical; superoxide dismutase, that for superoxide anion; and catalase, cleavaging enzyme for hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	212-228	tyrosinase	Mus musculus	33-43
1365032-0	1992	Recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulates superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide production in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	78-94	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	18-66
1365032-7	1992	GM-CSF also induced granulocytes to release superoxide anion (O2-) in a dose-dependent manner, when the respiratory burst was assessed by a conventional cytochrome c reduction assay.	Superoxides	44-60	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-6
1365032-7	1992	GM-CSF also induced granulocytes to release superoxide anion (O2-) in a dose-dependent manner, when the respiratory burst was assessed by a conventional cytochrome c reduction assay.	Superoxides	62-65	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-6
1365032-8	1992	In contrast to hydrogen superoxide production, GM-CSF significantly (p &lt; 0.001) enhanced f-MLP-stimulated release of superoxide anion over that expected from the additive effects of the two agonists.	Superoxides	120-136	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	47-53
32853868-0	2020	NADPH oxidase and mitochondria are relevant sources of superoxide anion in the oxinflammatory response of macrophages exposed to airborne particulate matter.	Superoxides	55-71	NADPH oxidase	Drosophila melanogaster	0-13
1365032-8	1992	In contrast to hydrogen superoxide production, GM-CSF significantly (p &lt; 0.001) enhanced f-MLP-stimulated release of superoxide anion over that expected from the additive effects of the two agonists.	Superoxides	120-136	MARCKS like 1	Homo sapiens	94-97
1334711-0	1992	Epstein-Barr virus BCRF1 gene product (viral interleukin 10) inhibits superoxide anion production by human monocytes.	Superoxides	70-86	protein UL87	Human gammaherpesvirus 4	19-24
1334711-6	1992	Additions of IFN-gamma, macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), which prime monocyte activation and induce O2- production, were also affected by the reciprocal effect of vIL-10.	Superoxides	174-176	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	62-67
1334711-6	1992	Additions of IFN-gamma, macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), which prime monocyte activation and induce O2- production, were also affected by the reciprocal effect of vIL-10.	Superoxides	174-176	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	72-120
1334711-6	1992	Additions of IFN-gamma, macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), which prime monocyte activation and induce O2- production, were also affected by the reciprocal effect of vIL-10.	Superoxides	174-176	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	122-128
32853868-10	2020	Finally, NADPH oxidase (NOX) and mitochondria were identified as the main sources of superoxide anion () in our model.	Superoxides	85-101	NADPH oxidase	Drosophila melanogaster	9-22
33011272-11	2020	Activation of NADK by PKC in phagocytic cells could be critical for the rapid provision of sufficient levels of superoxide for host defence against invading microorganisms.	Superoxides	112-122	NAD kinase	Homo sapiens	14-18
1411300-5	1992	rGM-CSF and rTNF-alpha treatment significantly enhanced the spontaneous as well as C3zy-stimulated O2- production by neutrophils from controls and CDC class III subjects, and induced an upward trend in the CDC class IV group.	Superoxides	99-101	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	4-7
1326533-0	1992	Reconstitution of superoxide-forming NADPH oxidase activity with cytochrome b558 purified from porcine neutrophils.	Superoxides	18-28	cytochrome b	Oryctolagus cuniculus	65-77
33080281-8	2020	Cell-based results demonstrated that MET was able to reduce UVB-induced intracellular ROS and NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide (O2  ) production.	Superoxides	118-128	SAFB like transcription modulator	Homo sapiens	37-40
1326533-9	1992	The reconstituted system containing purified cytochrome b558 plus the NBT reductase showed approximately 100 times higher O2(-)-generating activity than a system containing rabbit liver NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase instead.	Superoxides	122-127	cytochrome b	Oryctolagus cuniculus	45-57
1326533-10	1992	These results suggest that both the FAD-dependent NBT reductase and cytochrome b558 are required as membrane redox components for O2(-)-forming NADPH oxidase activity.	Superoxides	130-132	cytochrome b	Oryctolagus cuniculus	68-80
1333725-0	1992	Modulation of human monocyte superoxide production by recombinant interleukin-3.	Superoxides	29-39	interleukin 3	Homo sapiens	66-79
32866662-8	2020	Simultaneously, miR-708 elevation suppressed H/R exposure-increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, but elevated the activity of anti-oxidative stress superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	201-211	microRNA 708	Rattus norvegicus	16-23
1333725-1	1992	We have examined the generation of superoxide by human monocytes isolated from peripheral blood cultured in the presence of recombinant human interleukin-3 in comparison to tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma.	Superoxides	35-45	interleukin 3	Homo sapiens	142-155
1333725-3	1992	An increase of phorbol-myristate-acetate- and formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine-stimulated superoxide production of monocytes cultured with interleukin-3 compared to control cells was detected first after 24 h of monocyte culture.	Superoxides	95-105	interleukin 3	Homo sapiens	144-157
1333725-5	1992	At this time the stimulated superoxide production of monocytes cultured in the presence of interleukin-3 surpassed that of interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha treated cells.	Superoxides	28-38	interleukin 3	Homo sapiens	91-104
1333725-7	1992	A dose dependence of the effect of interleukin-3 on the superoxide production was observed.	Superoxides	56-66	interleukin 3	Homo sapiens	35-48
1325210-5	1992	The presence and activity of the retrovirally encoded p47-phox in the transduced cells is demonstrated and we show that this restores their capacity to generate superoxide.	Superoxides	161-171	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	54-57
1426492-5	1992	Finally, that the rainbow trout oxidase is a multicomponent enzyme was suggested by inhibitor studies, where specific inhibitors of the flavin and cytochrome b-245 components of NADPH oxidase induced significant reduction in superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	225-241	cytochrome b	Oncorhynchus mykiss	147-159
32721518-2	2020	Here we have shown that, under the conditions of a gradual decrease in dissolved oxygen (dO2), characteristic of batch culture, the global regulatory system ArcB/ArcA can play an important role in the coordinated control of extracellular superoxide and GSH fluxes and their interaction with intracellular antioxidant systems.	Superoxides	238-248	hypothetical protein	Escherichia coli	157-161
32721518-3	2020	The lowest superoxide production was observed in the menA and arcB mutants, while the atpA, atpC and atpE mutants generated superoxide 1.3-1.5 times faster than the parent.	Superoxides	11-21	hypothetical protein	Escherichia coli	62-66
1325477-2	1992	IFN gamma produced a marked increase in superoxide anion levels when PMA was used to initiate superoxide anion production but had no effect in OPZ-stimulated microglia.	Superoxides	40-56	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	0-9
1325477-2	1992	IFN gamma produced a marked increase in superoxide anion levels when PMA was used to initiate superoxide anion production but had no effect in OPZ-stimulated microglia.	Superoxides	94-110	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	0-9
33172133-9	2020	At a concentration of 1.00 mg/mL, the antioxidant activities of PAP-1 on the DPPH radical scavenging rate, superoxide anion radical scavenging rate, and ABTS radical rate at 1.00 mg/mL were 56.40%, 54.27%, and 42.07%, respectively.	Superoxides	107-131	regenerating family member 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	64-69
1382400-0	1992	[Role of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and active oxygen species in hyperthermia--enhancing effect of G-CSF on superoxide generation from PMN].	Superoxides	116-126	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	107-112
1382400-1	1992	We examined in vitro the effect of G-CSF and temperature on superoxide (O2-) generation by Cypridina luciferin analog (CLA) dependent chemiluminescence.	Superoxides	60-70	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	35-40
32767062-8	2020	Furthermore, inhibition of SIRT1 by EX527 completely counteracted the protective effect of melatonin on Ti particle-treated BMMSCs, evidenced by the reduced expression of SOD2, increased ROS and superoxide, and decreased osteogenic differentiation.	Superoxides	195-205	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	27-32
1328038-4	1992	We found that IL-4 could inhibit the priming of macrophages for enhanced superoxide production induced by IFN-gamma although IL-4 when used alone did have some enhancing effect of its own.	Superoxides	73-83	interleukin 4	Mus musculus	14-18
1328038-5	1992	This effect of IL-4 on IFN-gamma-primed superoxide production was dose dependent and could be observed even if the treatment by IL-4 was done 24 hr after treatment by IFN-gamma.	Superoxides	40-50	interleukin 4	Mus musculus	15-19
1328038-5	1992	This effect of IL-4 on IFN-gamma-primed superoxide production was dose dependent and could be observed even if the treatment by IL-4 was done 24 hr after treatment by IFN-gamma.	Superoxides	40-50	interleukin 4	Mus musculus	128-132
32901881-6	2020	The present results suggested that the expression levels of Trx, Txnip and ITCH in HLECs cultured with different glucose concentrations were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting, and the apoptotic rate of the cells was detected by flow cytometry and superoxide detection assay.	Superoxides	285-295	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	60-63
1312101-4	1992	However, after AMs were incubated with MBP for 48 hours, again there was a significant reduction observed in both PMA-induced (p = 0.01) and spontaneous (p = 0.002) O2- release compared to that of control cultures.	Superoxides	165-167	myelin basic protein	Cavia porcellus	39-42
1312101-5	1992	The immediate effect of MBP on AM O2- release was not due to cytotoxicity of MBP for AM.	Superoxides	34-36	myelin basic protein	Cavia porcellus	24-27
1312101-7	1992	The effect of MBP on AM O2- release at 48 hours was progressive over concentrations ranging from 2 to 55 micrograms/ml.	Superoxides	24-26	myelin basic protein	Cavia porcellus	14-17
32860873-4	2020	Among other pathways, HO-1 expression is stimulated by the Nrf2/Keap1 system which senses electrophilic compounds including alkylating agents and reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide or hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	184-194	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	22-26
1312101-8	1992	These data suggest that native MBP can affect adversely PMA-induced and spontaneous release of O2- by GP AMs and that this effect depends only in part on the cytotoxic properties of MBP.	Superoxides	95-97	myelin basic protein	Cavia porcellus	31-34
1309844-4	1992	The sequential production of IL-4 and IFN was determined and related to temporal changes in granuloma macrophage production of IL-1, TNF, and superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	142-158	interleukin 4	Mus musculus	29-33
1309844-4	1992	The sequential production of IL-4 and IFN was determined and related to temporal changes in granuloma macrophage production of IL-1, TNF, and superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	160-162	interleukin 4	Mus musculus	29-33
32833426-8	2020	Adropin successfully restored striatal DA; attenuated rotenone-induced motor/behaviour deficits along with strong gastroprotective potential, possibly through antioxidant activity via reduction in malondialdehyde level and upregulated superoxide dismutase, catalase activities and serum ferric reducing antioxidant power.	Superoxides	235-245	energy homeostasis associated	Rattus norvegicus	0-7
1662497-7	1991	These observations indicate that NO(EDRF) can be regarded as a scavenger of superoxide anion and they suggest that EDRF(NO) may provide a chemical barrier to cytotoxic free radicals (.O2-).	Superoxides	76-92	alpha hemoglobin stabilizing protein	Homo sapiens	36-40
1662497-7	1991	These observations indicate that NO(EDRF) can be regarded as a scavenger of superoxide anion and they suggest that EDRF(NO) may provide a chemical barrier to cytotoxic free radicals (.O2-).	Superoxides	76-92	alpha hemoglobin stabilizing protein	Homo sapiens	115-119
31388672-7	2020	Experiments in acellular systems confirmed that GGT-mediated metabolism of GSH can potentiate crocidolite-dependent production of superoxide anion, through the production of highly reactive dipeptide thiol cysteinyl-glycine.	Superoxides	130-146	gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3	Homo sapiens	48-51
1720802-0	1991	Recombinant human G-CSF and GM-CSF prime human neutrophils for superoxide production through different signal transduction mechanisms.	Superoxides	63-73	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	18-23
1720802-0	1991	Recombinant human G-CSF and GM-CSF prime human neutrophils for superoxide production through different signal transduction mechanisms.	Superoxides	63-73	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	28-34
1720802-2	1991	We studied the effects of G-CSF and GM-CSF on neutrophil superoxide production and secretion.	Superoxides	57-67	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	36-42
1720802-3	1991	G-CSF and GM-CSF alone stimulated neither superoxide production nor secretion, but both agents primed neutrophils for superoxide production stimulated by either N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) or ionomycin.	Superoxides	118-128	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-5
1720802-3	1991	G-CSF and GM-CSF alone stimulated neither superoxide production nor secretion, but both agents primed neutrophils for superoxide production stimulated by either N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) or ionomycin.	Superoxides	118-128	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	10-16
1668104-3	1991	Pretreatment of PMNs with the phospholipase A2 inhibitor, chloroquine, or the serine protease inhibitor, tosyl-phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone, reduced the fMLP-stimulated generation of PAF and also reduced the generation of O2-.	Superoxides	227-229	phospholipase A2	Oryctolagus cuniculus	30-46
1668107-0	1991	Effect of platelet-activating factor on tumor necrosis factor-induced superoxide generation from human neutrophils.	Superoxides	70-80	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	10-36
1668107-3	1991	PAF alone (0.1 pM to 0.1 nM) failed to evoke superoxide production; however, when PAF was added for 10 min to cells upon prior incubation with 10 ng/mL TNF for 50 min, superoxide production was significantly enhanced as compared to that induced by TNF alone.	Superoxides	168-178	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	82-85
1668107-6	1991	Pretreatment of the PMN with either pertussis or cholera toxin attenuated the PAF amplified superoxide production in TNF stimulated cells, suggesting that G proteins sensitive to these toxins may be involved in the mechanisms controlling amplification.	Superoxides	92-102	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	78-81
31902083-8	2020	More specifically, APNp increased AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation-dependent Drp1 serine 637 (S637) phosphorylation, which inhibited the translocation of Drp1 to the mitochondrial membrane and reduced mitochondrial fragmentation and the production of mitochondrial superoxide, ultimately attenuating inflammatory brain injury induced by hemorrhage.	Superoxides	279-289	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Mus musculus	19-23
1668119-0	1991	Role of platelet-activating factor (PAF) in superoxide production by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.	Superoxides	44-54	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	8-34
1668119-0	1991	Role of platelet-activating factor (PAF) in superoxide production by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.	Superoxides	44-54	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	36-39
1668119-1	1991	The effect of platelet-activating factor (PAF) in superoxide production by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) was studied.	Superoxides	50-60	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	14-40
1668119-1	1991	The effect of platelet-activating factor (PAF) in superoxide production by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) was studied.	Superoxides	50-60	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	42-45
1668119-3	1991	PAF induced superoxide generation in human PMN in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	12-22	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
32966340-7	2020	Additionally, EPC2 cells demonstrated enhanced oxidative stress by flow cytometry for mitochondrial superoxide (MitoSOX), which was antagonized by the mitochondria-specific antioxidant MitoCP.	Superoxides	100-110	enhancer of polycomb homolog 2	Homo sapiens	14-18
1668119-4	1991	Preincubation with a small amount of PAF (5 x 10(-9) M) enhanced PMN superoxide release induced by various stimuli, such as phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), opsonized zymosan (OZ), calcium ionophore (A23187) and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP).	Superoxides	69-79	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	37-40
1668119-5	1991	The PAF antagonist, CV-6209, inhibited superoxide production induced by PAF, but not that induced by other stimuli.	Superoxides	39-49	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	4-7
1668119-5	1991	The PAF antagonist, CV-6209, inhibited superoxide production induced by PAF, but not that induced by other stimuli.	Superoxides	39-49	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	72-75
1659593-0	1991	The effect of platelet-activating factor on the generation of superoxide anion in human eosinophils and neutrophils.	Superoxides	62-78	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	14-40
32647007-7	2020	Loss of EC-SOD-mediated antioxidative activity resulted in significant accumulation of superoxide radicals (WT, 4.54 mumol/mg tissue/min; CatA-TG, 8.62 mumol/mg tissue/min), increased inflammation, myocyte hypertrophy (WT, 19.8 mum; CatA-TG, 21.9 mum), cellular apoptosis, and elevated mRNA expression of hypertrophy-related and profibrotic marker genes, without affecting intracellular detoxifying proteins.	Superoxides	87-97	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	8-14
1659593-5	1991	Both granulocyte cell types generated O2- when they were incubated with PAF.	Superoxides	38-40	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	72-75
1660899-7	1991	PM adherent to denatured collagen/fibronectin release less superoxide anion (27 +/- .9 nmoles/10(6) PM) than PM adherent to either tissue culture plastic (43 +/- 1 nmoles/10(6) PM) or the extracellular matrix (60 +/- 0.5 nmoles/10(6) PM).	Superoxides	59-75	fibronectin 1	Rattus norvegicus	34-45
33042267-7	2020	Mechanistically, the effects of TLR5 were largely attributed to direct interaction with spleen tyrosine kinase to activate NADPH oxidase (NOX) 2, increasing the production of superoxide and subsequent activation of p38.	Superoxides	175-185	toll-like receptor 5	Mus musculus	32-36
32904194-0	2020	Data showing effects of a PI3K-delta inhibitor on neutrophil superoxide production during FPR2 activation and reactivation.	Superoxides	61-71	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta	Homo sapiens	26-36
1779751-4	1991	More recent molecular genetic studies revealed that sodA expression is subject to regulation by three major regulatory systems: fur (ferric uptake regulation) and arcA arcB (aerobic respiratory control) mediate repression of sodA, while a relatively new system, soxR soxS (superoxide response), mediates activation of sodA expression.	Superoxides	273-283	hypothetical protein	Escherichia coli	168-172
32904194-0	2020	Data showing effects of a PI3K-delta inhibitor on neutrophil superoxide production during FPR2 activation and reactivation.	Superoxides	61-71	formyl peptide receptor 2	Homo sapiens	90-94
32686606-7	2020	The activity levels of biochemical biomarkers superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) demonstrated a concentration-dependent decrease while glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) were markedly elevated.	Superoxides	46-56	catalase	Danio rerio	87-90
1953752-7	1991	Alternatively, superoxide formation inside the cell or membrane could employ the superoxide dismutase function of ceruloplasmin to produce peroxide.	Superoxides	15-25	ceruloplasmin	Cricetulus griseus	114-127
32026480-8	2020	We hypothesized hypoxia inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1alpha), an O2 -sensitive transcription factor, is necessary in the NTS for normal VAH.	Superoxides	66-68	hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit	Mus musculus	16-48
1833457-2	1991	By using site-specific mutants of a chimeric antibody (mouse V H domain and L chain; human IgG3 C H domains), we have demonstrated that human Fc gamma RI interacts with a site in the lower hinge of human IgG (residues 234 to 237) and that this interaction dictates Fc gamma RI-mediated superoxide generation.	Superoxides	286-296	Fc gamma receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	142-153
1663531-3	1991	Both rIFN-beta ser and rIFN-gamma increased phorbol myristate acetate-stimulated superoxide anion generation by AM in a dose-dependent fashion.	Superoxides	81-97	interferon beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	5-14
1663531-3	1991	Both rIFN-beta ser and rIFN-gamma increased phorbol myristate acetate-stimulated superoxide anion generation by AM in a dose-dependent fashion.	Superoxides	81-97	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	23-33
1663531-4	1991	rIFN-beta ser was capable of priming AM for an enhanced superoxide anion release nearly as well as rIFN-gamma.	Superoxides	56-72	interferon beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-9
1649082-0	1991	Effects of ceruloplasmin on superoxide-dependent iron release from ferritin and lipid peroxidation.	Superoxides	28-38	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	11-24
1649082-1	1991	Ceruloplasmin (CP) effectively inhibited superoxide and ferritin-dependent peroxidation of phospholipid liposomes, using xanthine oxidase or gamma irradiation of water as sources of superoxide.	Superoxides	41-51	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	0-13
1649082-1	1991	Ceruloplasmin (CP) effectively inhibited superoxide and ferritin-dependent peroxidation of phospholipid liposomes, using xanthine oxidase or gamma irradiation of water as sources of superoxide.	Superoxides	41-51	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	15-17
1649082-1	1991	Ceruloplasmin (CP) effectively inhibited superoxide and ferritin-dependent peroxidation of phospholipid liposomes, using xanthine oxidase or gamma irradiation of water as sources of superoxide.	Superoxides	182-192	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	0-13
1649082-1	1991	Ceruloplasmin (CP) effectively inhibited superoxide and ferritin-dependent peroxidation of phospholipid liposomes, using xanthine oxidase or gamma irradiation of water as sources of superoxide.	Superoxides	182-192	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	15-17
1649082-2	1991	In addition, CP inhibited superoxide-dependent mobilization of iron from ferritin, suggesting that CP inhibited lipid peroxidation by decreasing the availability of iron from ferritin.	Superoxides	26-36	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	13-15
1649082-2	1991	In addition, CP inhibited superoxide-dependent mobilization of iron from ferritin, suggesting that CP inhibited lipid peroxidation by decreasing the availability of iron from ferritin.	Superoxides	26-36	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	99-101
32026480-8	2020	We hypothesized hypoxia inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1alpha), an O2 -sensitive transcription factor, is necessary in the NTS for normal VAH.	Superoxides	66-68	hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit	Mus musculus	50-60
1649082-3	1991	CP also exhibited some superoxide scavenging activity as evidenced by its inhibition of superoxide-dependent cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	23-33	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	0-2
1649082-3	1991	CP also exhibited some superoxide scavenging activity as evidenced by its inhibition of superoxide-dependent cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	88-98	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	0-2
31820521-6	2020	RESULTS: It was shown that, at a temperature of 2373 K, selective vaporization of Sm2 O3 and Y2 O3 took place from the samples of the Sm2 O3 -Y2 O3 -HfO2 system, with the main vapor species being SmO, Sm, YO, and O.	Superoxides	86-88	smoothened, frizzled class receptor	Homo sapiens	196-199
1649082-4	1991	However, superoxide scavenging by CP did not quantitatively account for its inhibitory effects on iron release.	Superoxides	9-19	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	34-36
1649082-9	1991	Collectively these data suggest that CP inhibits superoxide and ferritin-dependent lipid peroxidation via its ability to incorporate reductively-mobilized iron into ferritin.	Superoxides	49-59	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	37-39
32008372-9	2020	Increased activities of iNOS and NOX1 enzymes at MEPs in obese mice generated higher levels of NO and superoxide radicals, resulting in increased local peroxynitrite formation and subsequent oxidation of the regulatory protein AKAP150 at cysteine 36, to impair AKAP150-TRPV4 channel signaling at MEPs.	Superoxides	102-112	A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 5	Mus musculus	227-234
1663143-0	1991	Effect of recombinant human granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor on neutrophil superoxide production.	Superoxides	91-101	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	28-76
1663143-1	1991	Recombinant human granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) induced significant superoxide production in human neutrophils within 30 minutes after addition of stimulus and the response was complete within 2 hr.	Superoxides	96-106	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	18-66
32008372-9	2020	Increased activities of iNOS and NOX1 enzymes at MEPs in obese mice generated higher levels of NO and superoxide radicals, resulting in increased local peroxynitrite formation and subsequent oxidation of the regulatory protein AKAP150 at cysteine 36, to impair AKAP150-TRPV4 channel signaling at MEPs.	Superoxides	102-112	A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 5	Mus musculus	261-268
1663143-1	1991	Recombinant human granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) induced significant superoxide production in human neutrophils within 30 minutes after addition of stimulus and the response was complete within 2 hr.	Superoxides	96-106	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	68-74
1663143-3	1991	Using a panel of pharmacologic inhibitors, we sought to compare GM-CSF-induced neutrophil superoxide to that produced by cells exposed to N-formyl methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMet-Leu-Phe) and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).	Superoxides	90-100	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	64-70
32008372-9	2020	Increased activities of iNOS and NOX1 enzymes at MEPs in obese mice generated higher levels of NO and superoxide radicals, resulting in increased local peroxynitrite formation and subsequent oxidation of the regulatory protein AKAP150 at cysteine 36, to impair AKAP150-TRPV4 channel signaling at MEPs.	Superoxides	102-112	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 4	Mus musculus	269-274
1663143-7	1991	Cytochalasin B totally inhibited superoxide induced by GM-CSF under conditions that promote the fMet-Leu-Phe-induced response.	Superoxides	33-43	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	55-61
32315368-2	2020	The platelet, one of the main activators of neutrophils, contains Interleukin 8 (IL-8), a potent neutrophil chemo-attractant and P-selectin that induces excretion of superoxide in the neutrophils, forming platelet-neutrophil aggregates that are increased in individuals with active UC, hence an index of both cells could produce a monitoring tool.	Superoxides	166-176	selectin P	Homo sapiens	129-139
1663143-10	1991	Superoxide secretion from GM-CSF-treated neutrophils appears to be a direct, delayed response that requires assembly of microfilaments during exposure to the cytokine.	Superoxides	0-10	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	26-32
1667183-3	1991	Preincubation with human recombinant granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor for 30 min or platelet-activating factor for 10 min resulted in augmented O2- generation by eosinophils from control, but not from asthmatic children, indicating a possible in vivo priming of eosinophils in asthma.	Superoxides	160-162	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	37-85
32414595-7	2021	Although JNK1 siRNA decreased apoptosis and the levels of malondialdehyde, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha), it increased the levels of superoxide dismutase, S-phase percentage, and cyclin D1; JNK2 siRNA had a converse effect.	Superoxides	167-177	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Rattus norvegicus	9-13
1761356-5	1991	Indeed, resident peritoneal macrophages from control infected mice were as competent as macrophages from infected mice treated with IL-1 alpha in generating superoxide anion (O2-) (approximately 400 nM O2-/h/mg at 2 months post-infection).	Superoxides	157-173	interleukin 1 alpha	Mus musculus	132-142
1761356-5	1991	Indeed, resident peritoneal macrophages from control infected mice were as competent as macrophages from infected mice treated with IL-1 alpha in generating superoxide anion (O2-) (approximately 400 nM O2-/h/mg at 2 months post-infection).	Superoxides	175-177	interleukin 1 alpha	Mus musculus	132-142
1761356-5	1991	Indeed, resident peritoneal macrophages from control infected mice were as competent as macrophages from infected mice treated with IL-1 alpha in generating superoxide anion (O2-) (approximately 400 nM O2-/h/mg at 2 months post-infection).	Superoxides	202-204	interleukin 1 alpha	Mus musculus	132-142
1722549-6	1991	Both GM-CSF and G-CSF induced in vitro amplification of (a) O2- production in response to fmet-leu-phe (FMLP) (b) phagocytosis and killing of C. albicans and (c) killing of S. aureus.	Superoxides	60-62	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	5-11
1722549-6	1991	Both GM-CSF and G-CSF induced in vitro amplification of (a) O2- production in response to fmet-leu-phe (FMLP) (b) phagocytosis and killing of C. albicans and (c) killing of S. aureus.	Superoxides	60-62	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	16-21
32031641-4	2020	E-O3 decreased light-saturated net photosynthesis (Asat), mesophyll conductance (gm) and apparent maximum rate of carboxylation (Vcmax, based on intercellular CO2 concentration) but not actual Vcmax (based on chloroplast CO2 concentration), and increased respiration in light (Rd) at 25 C. Nitrogen fertilization increased Asat, gm, Vcmax and the maximum rate of electron transport (Jmax), and reduced Rd at 25 C and the activation energy of actual Vcmax.	Superoxides	2-4	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 7	Homo sapiens	51-55
2265254-7	1990	All full-length and C-terminal recombinant p47-phox proteins augmented the superoxide-generating capacity of the cell-free system and were phosphorylated when added to cytosol from normal subjects or from a patient with p47-deficient autosomal CGD.	Superoxides	75-85	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	43-46
32031641-4	2020	E-O3 decreased light-saturated net photosynthesis (Asat), mesophyll conductance (gm) and apparent maximum rate of carboxylation (Vcmax, based on intercellular CO2 concentration) but not actual Vcmax (based on chloroplast CO2 concentration), and increased respiration in light (Rd) at 25 C. Nitrogen fertilization increased Asat, gm, Vcmax and the maximum rate of electron transport (Jmax), and reduced Rd at 25 C and the activation energy of actual Vcmax.	Superoxides	2-4	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 7	Homo sapiens	323-327
31972307-2	2020	We found that miR-574-5p and HIF-1alpha were up-regulated in gastric cancer cells cultured under 2% O2 or in medium containing CoCl2, and in muscle tissues of mice injected with NaNO2, indicating up-regulation of miR-574-5p in vitro or in vivo in response to hypoxic conditions.	Superoxides	100-102	hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit	Mus musculus	29-39
2167293-3	1990	The priming of PMN superoxide production normally seen after in vitro GM-CSF exposure was also blunted in these cells.	Superoxides	19-29	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	70-76
2167293-5	1990	Pentoxifylline, but not butanol, also reversed the effects of in vitro GM-CSF on PMN superoxide production.	Superoxides	85-95	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	71-77
32295440-6	2020	BSC2 can maintain the permeability of mitochondrial membrane and cell membrane integrity by inhibiting the accumulation of intercellular reactive oxygen species and alleviating the production of lipid peroxidation and superoxide radical.	Superoxides	218-236	Bsc2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-4
1975264-0	1990	Fc gamma RII-mediated superoxide production by phagocytes is augmented by GM-CSF without a change in Fc gamma RII expression.	Superoxides	22-32	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	74-80
1975264-7	1990	Whilst GM-CSF induced neutrophil superoxide production in response to cross-linking Fc gamma RII, there was no concomitant change in Fc gamma RII expression either in in vitro studies of neutrophils from healthy individuals or in in vivo studies of patients receiving GM-CSF.	Superoxides	33-43	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	7-13
1692808-0	1990	Recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and lipopolysaccharide maintain the phenotype of and superoxide anion generation by neutrophils.	Superoxides	103-119	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	12-49
32295440-8	2020	Taken together, BSC2 inhibits oxidative damage induced by Amphotericin B through increasing activities of antioxidant enzymes and levels of GSH to alleviate the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation and superoxide radical, resulting in the maintenance of mitochondrial membrane potential and cell membrane integrity.	Superoxides	225-235	Bsc2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	16-20
2161898-4	1990	The purified MCAF stimulated superoxide anion and N-acetyl beta-D glucosaminidase-releasing activity in human monocytes, as well as monocyte cytostatic augmenting activity against tumor cells and chemotactic activity for monocytes.	Superoxides	29-45	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	13-17
32119761-5	2020	SIRT3 deficiency delayed healing rate, reduced blood supply and vascular endothelial growth factor expression, promoted superoxide production, increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, decreased total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), reduced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and aggravated ultrastructure disorder in skin wound of diabetic mice.	Superoxides	120-130	sirtuin 3	Mus musculus	0-5
1698896-3	1990	In the prior two reports, we demonstrated that G-CSF induced the polarization of neutrophils by itself, and also enhanced superoxide production from neutrophils stimulated by the chemotactic peptides.	Superoxides	122-132	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	47-52
32119761-7	2020	SIRT3 deficiency also suppressed alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) expression, enhanced superoxide production but decreased mitochondrial membrane potential with HG stimulation after scratch.	Superoxides	92-102	sirtuin 3	Mus musculus	0-5
2158320-2	1990	Low STAR concentrations from 10 to 200 nM potentiated the N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) and platelet activating factor (Paf)-induced respiratory burst, affecting both the initial rate and the total amount of superoxide anion generated.	Superoxides	225-241	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	137-140
31812422-6	2020	The catalytic experiments on Mox/N-CNT were performed in temperature range of 190-230  C in which the feed gas was composed of 3000 ppm H2S and 1500 ppm O2.	Superoxides	153-155	monooxygenase DBH like 1	Homo sapiens	29-32
24601995-6	2015	However, in recent years it has been shown that spermatozoa naturally produce a variety of ROS/RNS, including superoxide anion radical (O2 ( -)), hydrogen peroxide and NO.	Superoxides	110-134	FAM20C golgi associated secretory pathway kinase	Homo sapiens	95-98
32150794-7	2020	ROS such as hydrogen peroxide and superoxides induce both EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation and eIF2alpha phosphorylation.	Superoxides	34-45	epidermal growth factor receptor	Mus musculus	58-62
32529818-1	2020	This study explored the effects of propofol on the cognitive function and expressions of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) through the silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) signaling pathway during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury.	Superoxides	89-99	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	186-191
34883403-5	2021	Here, we uncovered the critical roles of RND3 in attenuating superoxide production, VSMCs migration and proliferation, and vascular remodeling in hypertension and its underline mechanisms.	Superoxides	61-71	Rho family GTPase 3	Rattus norvegicus	41-45
34883403-8	2021	RND3 overexpression in VSMCs reduced NAD(P)H oxidase (NOX) activity, NOX1 and NOX2 expressions, mitochondria superoxide generation, and H2O2 production in SHR.	Superoxides	109-119	Rho family GTPase 3	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
34547902-2	2021	However, reperfusion of myocardium results in superoxide (O2 -) generation, which promotes eNOS glutathionylation that produces O2 - instead of NO.	Superoxides	46-56	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	91-95
31517390-9	2020	In an MCAO model, overexpressing miR-31 and silencing PKD1 reduced neuronal injury, cerebral infarct volume, neuron loss, and oxidative stress injury, inhibited the activation of JAK/STAT3 pathway and the expressions of PKD1, interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, malondialdehyde, 4-HNE, 8-HOdG, caspase-3, and Bax, but increased the superoxide dismutase content.	Superoxides	355-365	microRNA 31	Mus musculus	33-39
34769076-6	2021	Superoxide accumulation in Sephs1-knockout 2H11 cells is due to the induction of xanthine oxidase and NADPH oxidase activity, and due to the decrease in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and 3 (SOD3).	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	190-194
34275335-6	2021	The GCH1 (guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase I)-mediated biosynthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin was enhanced, reducing intracellular superoxide.	Superoxides	133-143	GTP cyclohydrolase 1	Mus musculus	4-8
31825806-1	2020	Cytochrome b5 reductase is an enzyme with the ability to generate superoxide anion at the expenses of NADH.	Superoxides	66-76	cytochrome b5 type A	Homo sapiens	0-13
34531248-3	2021	METHODS: MitoTEMPO, a scavenger of mitochondrial superoxide, abolished the antitumor effect of Met, but not antiprogrammed cell death (PD-1) antibody (Ab) treatment.	Superoxides	49-59	SAFB like transcription modulator	Homo sapiens	95-98
31825806-6	2020	Upon complex formation with cytochrome b5 reductase, juglone is able to act as an electron acceptor leading to NADH consumption stimulation and increase of superoxide anion production by the reductase.	Superoxides	156-166	cytochrome b5 type A	Homo sapiens	28-41
34356358-0	2021	Quercetin Alleviates the Accumulation of Superoxide in Sodium Iodate-Induced Retinal Autophagy by Regulating Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Homeostasis through Enhanced Deacetyl-SOD2 via the Nrf2-PGC-1alpha-Sirt1 Pathway.	Superoxides	41-51	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	214-219
31849213-7	2020	Results demonstrated that modified NPs were capable of catalyzing H2O2 to produce O2 and eliminate NO, hence inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha) further rescuing mitochondrial function.	Superoxides	68-70	hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit	Mus musculus	120-151
34285796-9	2021	A noticeable decline in activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase enzymes besides considerable increase in the levels of lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species was observed in head capsule homogenates of alpha-synuclein-expressing flies, which indicates obvious involvement of oxidative stress as a causal factor in SNCA E46K neurotoxicity.	Superoxides	49-59	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	216-231
34285796-9	2021	A noticeable decline in activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase enzymes besides considerable increase in the levels of lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species was observed in head capsule homogenates of alpha-synuclein-expressing flies, which indicates obvious involvement of oxidative stress as a causal factor in SNCA E46K neurotoxicity.	Superoxides	49-59	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	328-332
31849213-7	2020	Results demonstrated that modified NPs were capable of catalyzing H2O2 to produce O2 and eliminate NO, hence inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha) further rescuing mitochondrial function.	Superoxides	68-70	hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit	Mus musculus	153-163
31927537-5	2020	Accordingly, the upregulation of FMO3 mimicked the effects of CR: reduced serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 and fasting insulin; relief of oxidative stress, with lower hepatic malondialdehyde levels and higher superoxide dismutase activity; reduced serum and hepatic levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride, as well as reduced lipid deposition in the liver; and diminished levels of aging-related markers beta-gal and p16.	Superoxides	232-242	flavin containing monooxygenase 3	Mus musculus	33-37
34176927-2	2021	Here we showed that LDHA and LDHB both exhibited hydrogen peroxide-producing activity, which was significantly enhanced by the superoxide generated from the isolated mitochondria from HeLa cells and patients" cholangiocarcinoma specimen.	Superoxides	127-137	lactate dehydrogenase B	Homo sapiens	29-33
34133924-6	2021	Moreover, Gpx4-deficient Treg cells elevate generation of mitochondrial superoxide and production of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) that facilitates T helper 17 (TH17) responses.	Superoxides	72-82	glutathione peroxidase 4	Homo sapiens	10-14
31841342-1	2020	A selective C-O cross-coupling reaction between porphyrins and phenols has been developed through 2,3-dicyano-5,6-dichlorobenzoquinone (DDQ)/Sc(OTf)3 oxidation, efficiently delivering meso-etherified porphyrins in good yields (&lt;=93%).	Superoxides	12-15	POU class 5 homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	141-149
31814556-9	2020	Cisplatin-induced Programmed Death- Ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression was repressed by Rh2 via the superoxide.	Superoxides	93-103	CD274 molecule	Homo sapiens	18-44
34249270-4	2021	Results: SIRT3 KO caused increased expression of Scr, pKIM-1, and inducible nitric oxide synthase protein in the kidneys of septic mice, and decreased the levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and mitochondrial complex enzymes I/II/III/IV.	Superoxides	165-175	sirtuin 3	Mus musculus	9-14
31814556-9	2020	Cisplatin-induced Programmed Death- Ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression was repressed by Rh2 via the superoxide.	Superoxides	93-103	CD274 molecule	Homo sapiens	46-51
35395335-8	2022	Finally, the intracellular levels of ROS, superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione in C3A and HepG2-hCYP1A1 exposed to BPAF were all moderately increased, while unchanged in HepG2 cells.	Superoxides	42-52	cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	104-111
32993399-8	2020	Knockdown of ANGPTL2 significantly inhibited the H/R-caused increase in levels of reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1beta, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, as well as a decrease in superoxide dismutase activity in the HK-2 cells.	Superoxides	253-263	angiopoietin like 2	Homo sapiens	13-20
35384915-6	2022	TRPM3 activation provokes an outbreak of pulsatile superoxide production (mitoflash) that comes in the form of a surge in frequency being tunable.	Superoxides	51-61	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 3	Homo sapiens	0-5
31646342-8	2019	Exogenous 4E-BP1 enhanced proliferation, decreased apoptosis, increased anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein, impaired NADPH oxidoreductase activity, increased mitochondrial proteins and increased superoxide production in PKD patient-derived renal epithelial cells.	Superoxides	189-199	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	10-16
35453391-4	2022	We found that the selective deletion of SIRT3 in endothelial cells further impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in the aorta treated with IL-1beta, which was accompanied by upregulation of vascular inflammation markers and mitochondrial superoxide overproduction.	Superoxides	246-256	sirtuin 3	Mus musculus	40-45
35453391-4	2022	We found that the selective deletion of SIRT3 in endothelial cells further impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in the aorta treated with IL-1beta, which was accompanied by upregulation of vascular inflammation markers and mitochondrial superoxide overproduction.	Superoxides	246-256	interleukin 1 alpha	Mus musculus	147-155
31891092-6	2019	Compared with commercial cobalt blue, these tunable hibonite blues possess a reddish hue that intensifies the blue color as observed in Y(In,Mn)O3 (YInMn) blues, with a significant reduction of Co2+ concentration from 33% to as low as 4% by mass.	Superoxides	144-146	complement C2	Homo sapiens	194-197
35066972-7	2022	Moreover, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone similarly enhanced the stimulatory effect of corticotropin-releasing hormone on intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and superoxide dismutase activity but did not influence the inhibitory effect on endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity, nitric oxide release and catalase activity.	Superoxides	176-186	corticotropin releasing hormone	Homo sapiens	92-123
35401119-3	2022	The present study was designed to investigate the effect of GPX1 on cochlear spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) against oxidative stress induced by peroxynitrite, a versatile oxidant generated by the reaction of superoxide anion and nitric oxide.	Superoxides	208-224	glutathione peroxidase 1	Mus musculus	60-64
31137980-10	2019	Inhibition of hydrogen peroxide production from superoxide anions in the gp91phox-/- status prevented the increased TEWL and decreased skin hydration level noted with degradation of NLRP3 and caspase-1.	Superoxides	48-58	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	73-77
35326667-5	2022	Molecularly, stressed cancer cells increase mitochondrial superoxide production, which activates the transforming growth factor-beta pathway through src directly within mitochondria, ultimately activating focal adhesion kinase Pyk2.	Superoxides	58-68	protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta	Homo sapiens	227-231
31137980-10	2019	Inhibition of hydrogen peroxide production from superoxide anions in the gp91phox-/- status prevented the increased TEWL and decreased skin hydration level noted with degradation of NLRP3 and caspase-1.	Superoxides	48-58	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	182-187
31652414-5	2019	Using chromatin and DNA:RNA hybrid immunoprecipitation assays, we report recruitment of OGG1 to the DNA:RNA hybrid in intron 1, where it increases nascent RNA but lowers mRNA levels in O3-exposed human airway epithelial cells and mouse lungs.	Superoxides	185-187	8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase	Homo sapiens	88-92
35424823-3	2022	Control and quenching experiments confirmed the occurrence of a radical pathway and superoxide radical anion alpha-oxygenation reactions, and also provided strong evidence for the reductive quenching of (Acr+-Mes)BF4 based on a Stern-Volmer plot, which led to the proposed mechanism of this reaction.	Superoxides	84-108	acrosin	Homo sapiens	204-207
31407802-9	2019	The extract was able to protect human fibroblasts against superoxide anion-induced cell death at the concentration of 10 microg mL-1 .	Superoxides	58-74	L1 cell adhesion molecule	Mus musculus	128-132
35360337-5	2022	Arabidopsis fsd1 mutants showed lower capacity to decompose superoxide at low Cu2+ concentrations in the medium.	Superoxides	60-70	Fe superoxide dismutase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	12-16
30607767-5	2019	The MCP-1 is also a known potent chemotactic factor for monocytes and macrophages that can stimulate them to produce superoxide and other mediators.	Superoxides	117-127	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	4-9
35104504-9	2022	Using exclusion-based techniques, we show that for the RBP IGF2BP1 in cultured mammary epithelial cells, mRNA binding partners are enriched in mRNAs important for de-toxifying superoxides (specifically GPX-1 and GPX-2) and other mRNAs encoding mitochondrial proteins.	Superoxides	176-187	glutathione peroxidase 2	Homo sapiens	212-217
31717974-7	2019	Moreover, it was shown that an activation of mTOR and Pi3k signaling pathways with 1 mol% Er3+, 20 mol% Yb3+: KYP2O7 can promote the MC3T3-E1 cells expression of late osteogenic markers including RUNX and BMP-2.	Superoxides	110-116	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Mus musculus	45-49
35226569-6	2022	Subsequently, the activities of superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, and reactive oxygen species revealed the level of oxidative stress injury after miR-34a-5p and MDM4 knockdown.	Superoxides	32-42	MDM4 regulator of p53	Homo sapiens	166-170
31616516-9	2019	In addition, STAT3 siRNA transfection and GYY4137 blocked HG-induced oxidative stress as evidenced by the decrease in reactive oxygen species generation, malondialdehyde content and NADPH oxidase 2 expression, and the increase in superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione level.	Superoxides	230-240	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Rattus norvegicus	13-18
35000528-6	2022	Stimulation through HR led to marked increases in cellular apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and superoxide generation in H9c2 cells, which were rescued with knockdown of Foxp1 by siRNA.	Superoxides	101-111	forkhead box P1	Rattus norvegicus	175-180
31175066-4	2019	Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is an AngII-activated intra-neuronal signaling protein, which has been suggested to be redox sensitive as overexpressing the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase attenuates AngII-induced activation of CaMKII.	Superoxides	200-210	calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II alpha	Mus musculus	0-46
31175066-4	2019	Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is an AngII-activated intra-neuronal signaling protein, which has been suggested to be redox sensitive as overexpressing the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase attenuates AngII-induced activation of CaMKII.	Superoxides	200-210	calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II alpha	Mus musculus	48-54
2553311-0	1989	Production of interleukin 1-like factor from human peripheral blood monocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes by superoxide anion: the role of interleukin 1 and reactive oxygen species in inflamed sites.	Superoxides	114-130	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	14-27
2553311-3	1989	O2-, but not H2O2, could induce an IL-1-like factor(s) from monocytes and PMNs.	Superoxides	0-2	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	35-39
31175066-4	2019	Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is an AngII-activated intra-neuronal signaling protein, which has been suggested to be redox sensitive as overexpressing the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase attenuates AngII-induced activation of CaMKII.	Superoxides	200-210	calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II alpha	Mus musculus	260-266
2553311-4	1989	IL-1-like activity from monocytes and PMNs induced by O2- was due to de novo synthesis because no IL-1-like activity was found in culture supernatants and in the lysate of unstimulated cells.	Superoxides	54-56	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	0-4
31558736-4	2019	Furthermore, both SOD and APX enzyme activity in leaves were improved, and enhanced the metabolism of superoxide, leading to increased drought resistance.	Superoxides	102-112	ascorbate peroxidase 2	Zea mays	26-29
2553311-7	1989	These results suggest that production of an IL-1-like factor(s) from monocytes and PMNs was due to O2- stimulation.	Superoxides	99-101	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	44-48
31701075-3	2019	Here, we demonstrate a role of sulfatase 2 (SULF2), a 6-O-endosulfatase modulating various growth factors and cytokine-related signaling pathways controlling tumor cell proliferation and survival, in the regulation of autophagy in HCC cells.	Superoxides	54-57	sulfatase 2	Homo sapiens	31-42
2553162-1	1989	Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) enhanced superoxide release and membrane depolarization in parallel in human granulocytes stimulated by the receptor-mediated agonists, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine and wheat germ agglutinin, but not by the Ca2+ ionophore ionomycin and phorbol myristate acetate, which bypass the receptors to stimulate the cells.	Superoxides	75-85	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	18-55
2553162-1	1989	Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) enhanced superoxide release and membrane depolarization in parallel in human granulocytes stimulated by the receptor-mediated agonists, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine and wheat germ agglutinin, but not by the Ca2+ ionophore ionomycin and phorbol myristate acetate, which bypass the receptors to stimulate the cells.	Superoxides	75-85	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	61-64
2553491-6	1989	The augmentation in DAG generation correlated with an enhancement by GM-CSF of superoxide generation in response to fMLP.	Superoxides	79-89	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	69-75
2551966-11	1989	Quantitation of cross-linked receptors that were inactive, i.e., no longer stimulating superoxide anion production, indicated that 50% of internalizable, and therefore cross-linked, Fc gamma RI remained on the surface after oxidase activity had ceased.	Superoxides	87-103	Fc gamma receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	182-193
31701075-3	2019	Here, we demonstrate a role of sulfatase 2 (SULF2), a 6-O-endosulfatase modulating various growth factors and cytokine-related signaling pathways controlling tumor cell proliferation and survival, in the regulation of autophagy in HCC cells.	Superoxides	54-57	sulfatase 2	Homo sapiens	44-49
2552811-11	1989	These results suggest that ceruloplasmin may act as an anti-inflammatory agent by reducing the number of PMNs attaching to endothelium and by acting as an extracellular scavenger of superoxide.	Superoxides	182-192	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	27-40
31637008-8	2019	Compared with the free drug, As2O3-NPs increased GSDME-N expression and decreased Dnmt3a, Dnmt3b, and Dnmt1 expression in Huh7 cells.	Superoxides	29-34	DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	82-88
2553603-0	1989	C1q binding to human vascular smooth muscle cells mediates immune complex deposition and superoxide generation.	Superoxides	89-99	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	0-3
2542037-6	1989	Vascular and nonvascular relaxant responses to both EDRF and NO were inhibited by oxyhemoglobin, methylene blue or superoxide, and were enhanced by superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	115-125	alpha hemoglobin stabilizing protein	Homo sapiens	52-56
31637008-8	2019	Compared with the free drug, As2O3-NPs increased GSDME-N expression and decreased Dnmt3a, Dnmt3b, and Dnmt1 expression in Huh7 cells.	Superoxides	29-34	DNA methyltransferase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	90-96
31637008-9	2019	In vivo, As2O3-NPs induced a significant decrease in the expression of Dnmt3a, Dnmt3b and Dnmt1, but significantly upregulated the expression of GSDME-N (gasdermin E (GSDME) was originally found to be related to deafness; recently, it has been defined as a gasdermin family member associated with pyroptosis).	Superoxides	9-14	DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	71-77
31637008-9	2019	In vivo, As2O3-NPs induced a significant decrease in the expression of Dnmt3a, Dnmt3b and Dnmt1, but significantly upregulated the expression of GSDME-N (gasdermin E (GSDME) was originally found to be related to deafness; recently, it has been defined as a gasdermin family member associated with pyroptosis).	Superoxides	9-14	DNA methyltransferase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	79-85
2535839-0	1989	Inhibition of superoxide and ferritin-dependent lipid peroxidation by ceruloplasmin.	Superoxides	14-24	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	70-83
31637008-10	2019	As2O3-NPs inhibited tumor growth more strongly than As2O3 or control, a finding likely attributed to the downregulation of PCNA and DNMT-related proteins and the upregulation of GSDME-N.	Superoxides	0-5	proliferating cell nuclear antigen	Homo sapiens	123-127
2535839-2	1989	Ceruloplasmin was also shown to inhibit superoxide-mediated mobilization of iron from ferritin, in a concentration-dependent manner, as measured spectrophotometrically using the iron(II) chelator bathophenanthroline sulfonate.	Superoxides	40-50	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	0-13
31229571-7	2019	Cellular levels of superoxide and peroxides increased at 40  C and 42  C. Heat shock (42  C)-induced increases in Prx3 and Prx-SO3 were inhibited by antioxidants (PEG-catalase, MnTBAP) and a Nrf2 shRNA.	Superoxides	19-29	periaxin	Homo sapiens	114-117
2535839-4	1989	In addition, CP scavenged xanthine oxidase-derived superoxide as measured spectrophotometrically via its effect on cytochrome c reduction.	Superoxides	51-61	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	13-15
2535839-5	1989	However, the extent of the superoxide scavenging of CP did not quantitatively account for its effects on iron release, suggesting that CP inhibits superoxide-dependent mobilization of ferritin iron independently of its ability to scavenge superoxide.	Superoxides	27-37	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	52-54
31327087-6	2019	The inactivation of alpha2M was due to photodynamic generation of superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide by gallic acid.	Superoxides	66-84	alpha-2-macroglobulin	Ovis aries	20-27
2562430-5	1989	In contrast PAF appears to be only a weak stimulus of superoxide anion production (compared to the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA] and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) synthesis (compared to the Ca2+ ionophore A23187).	Superoxides	54-70	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	12-15
2855027-0	1988	[Dismutation of superoxide radicals by ceruloplasmin--details of the mechanism].	Superoxides	16-26	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	39-52
2855027-1	1988	Like superoxide dismutase (SOD), human ceruloplasmin (Cp) scavenges superoxide anion radicals injected into the solution with the aid a high-voltage generator, hydrogen peroxide being the product of reaction.	Superoxides	68-93	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	39-52
31084929-7	2019	Furthermore, we found that superoxide anion levels were significantly increased in AngII-treated endothelial cells compared with controls and that the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) significantly abolished CSE ubiquitination.	Superoxides	27-43	choreoathetosis/spasticity, episodic (paroxysmal choreoathetosis/spasticity)	Homo sapiens	215-218
3058856-2	1988	We recently reported the isolation of a novel monokine, macrophage inflammatory protein 1 (MIP-1), which causes local inflammatory responses in vivo, and induces superoxide production by neutrophils in vitro.	Superoxides	162-172	transportin 1	Homo sapiens	56-89
3058856-2	1988	We recently reported the isolation of a novel monokine, macrophage inflammatory protein 1 (MIP-1), which causes local inflammatory responses in vivo, and induces superoxide production by neutrophils in vitro.	Superoxides	162-172	transportin 1	Homo sapiens	91-96
2846728-0	1988	Influence of platelet activating factor and a nonmetabolizable analogue on superoxide production by bone marrow derived macrophages.	Superoxides	75-85	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	13-39
30918256-2	2019	Myoglobin binds O2, facilitates its intracellular transport and serves as a controller of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	16-18	myoglobin	Homo sapiens	0-9
2848761-0	1988	Modulation of human neutrophil and monocyte chemotaxis and superoxide responses by recombinant TNF-alpha and GM-CSF.	Superoxides	59-69	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	109-115
2848761-9	1988	GM-CSF was as potent as TNF in enhancing the generation of superoxide response by neutrophils.	Superoxides	59-69	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-6
2848761-13	1988	Inhibition of neutrophil chemotaxis followed by enhancement of the superoxide response by TNF and GM-CSF may provide an attractive mechanism by which these cytokines assist in fighting invading microorganisms.	Superoxides	67-77	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	98-104
2853694-9	1988	The culture supernatants of spleen cells from lpr/lpr mice contained so called "MAF" activity, because they enhanced O2- production by +/+ PEM significantly.	Superoxides	117-119	avian musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog	Mus musculus	80-83
30918256-5	2019	Biochemical characterization reveals that the mutant myoglobin has altered O2 binding, exhibits a faster heme dissociation rate and has a lower reduction potential compared to wild-type myoglobin.	Superoxides	75-77	myoglobin	Homo sapiens	53-62
30918256-6	2019	Preliminary studies show that mutant myoglobin may result in elevated superoxide levels at the cellular level.	Superoxides	70-80	myoglobin	Homo sapiens	37-46
31555023-3	2019	The authors give values of the coefficients c 1, c 2, c 3 for six gases: Ne, Ar, Xe, N2, CO2, and N2O.	Superoxides	98-101	heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C	Homo sapiens	44-57
2841398-4	1988	In contrast, the peritoneal cells released significantly more superoxide anion in response to the complement cleavage product, C5a and the phorbol ester tumor promoter, 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate, and produced more hydrogen peroxide than did the liver macrophages.	Superoxides	62-78	complement C5	Rattus norvegicus	127-130
2839363-1	1988	When stimulated with immune complex or C5a anaphylatoxin, human neutrophils undergo an increase in the concentration of intracellular Ca2+ [( Ca2+]i) that precedes the onset of superoxide (O2-) production.	Superoxides	189-191	complement C5	Homo sapiens	39-56
2836040-1	1988	Previous studies in burned patients have shown an early enhanced polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMN) generating capacity for superoxide radical (O2.-), for the arachidonic acid (AA) lipoxygenase metabolite leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and for platelet activating factor-acether (PAF).	Superoxides	123-141	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	234-274
2836040-1	1988	Previous studies in burned patients have shown an early enhanced polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMN) generating capacity for superoxide radical (O2.-), for the arachidonic acid (AA) lipoxygenase metabolite leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and for platelet activating factor-acether (PAF).	Superoxides	143-145	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	234-274
3038021-4	1987	One of the reduction systems, consisting of the photosensitizer FMN and the photoreductant EDTA, was used to study both anaerobic reduction and O2-dependent reoxidation of some of the nitroxides.	Superoxides	144-146	formin 1	Homo sapiens	64-67
3024757-5	1987	Purified biosynthetic GM-CSF enhanced superoxide anion production by neutrophils in response to f-MLP, C5a desArg, and LTB4.	Superoxides	38-54	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	22-28
30619489-10	2018	On the contrary, NDT1 overexpression brings about on the one hand, a decrease in the respiratory efficiency generating harmful superoxide anions, and on the other, a decrease in gluconeogenesis and trehalose stores: all this is reflected into a time-dependent loss of mitochondrial functionality during chronological aging.	Superoxides	127-144	NAD+ transporter	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	17-21
3024761-9	1987	The bacterially synthesized human GM-CSF increased N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP)-induced superoxide production and lysozyme secretion.	Superoxides	106-116	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	34-40
29979350-6	2018	Irisin also reduces I/R-induced oxidative stress as determined by mitochondrial membrane potential evaluation and superoxide FLASH event recording (n = 4, P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	114-124	fibronectin type III domain containing 5	Homo sapiens	0-6
3802464-2	1987	We report the marked inhibitory effect of superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) on the reducing activity both of protein glycated in vitro and of diabetic sera, indicating superoxide intermediacy in the fructosamine reaction.	Superoxides	42-52	Susceptibility to lysis by alloreactive natural killer cells	Homo sapiens	64-68
3009727-4	1986	High concentration of CTX, an alkylating agent, showed a significant depression of PMN superoxide production, (124 +/- 13 v 161 +/- 15 nmol/10(7) cells, 5 minutes, P less than or equal to .025).	Superoxides	87-97	cytochrome P450 family 27 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
30183770-6	2018	Up-regulation of the activities and transcript levels of APX, GR, MDHAR and DHAR in the DCPTA treatments contributed to the increases in ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) levels and inhibited the increased generation rate of superoxide anion radicals (O2 -), the contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and the electrolyte leakage (EL) induced by drought.	Superoxides	229-254	glutathione reductase 1	Zea mays	62-64
3005468-7	1986	IV3 IgG or Fab fragments completely and selectively inhibited immune complex-mediated generation of superoxide by human neutrophils; superoxide generation by other stimulants was not abrogated by IV3.	Superoxides	100-110	FA complementation group B	Homo sapiens	11-14
30183770-6	2018	Up-regulation of the activities and transcript levels of APX, GR, MDHAR and DHAR in the DCPTA treatments contributed to the increases in ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) levels and inhibited the increased generation rate of superoxide anion radicals (O2 -), the contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and the electrolyte leakage (EL) induced by drought.	Superoxides	229-254	glutathione dehydroascorbate reductase2	Zea mays	67-71
30183770-6	2018	Up-regulation of the activities and transcript levels of APX, GR, MDHAR and DHAR in the DCPTA treatments contributed to the increases in ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) levels and inhibited the increased generation rate of superoxide anion radicals (O2 -), the contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and the electrolyte leakage (EL) induced by drought.	Superoxides	256-260	glutathione reductase 1	Zea mays	62-64
30183770-6	2018	Up-regulation of the activities and transcript levels of APX, GR, MDHAR and DHAR in the DCPTA treatments contributed to the increases in ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) levels and inhibited the increased generation rate of superoxide anion radicals (O2 -), the contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and the electrolyte leakage (EL) induced by drought.	Superoxides	256-260	glutathione dehydroascorbate reductase2	Zea mays	67-71
6088686-8	1984	Evidence is also presented that ceruloplasmin catalyzes the oxidation of cysteine with a one-electron reduction of oxygen and the formation of superoxide ion, which is then converted to H2O2 by ceruloplasmin.	Superoxides	143-153	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	32-45
6088686-8	1984	Evidence is also presented that ceruloplasmin catalyzes the oxidation of cysteine with a one-electron reduction of oxygen and the formation of superoxide ion, which is then converted to H2O2 by ceruloplasmin.	Superoxides	143-153	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	194-207
28601846-6	2018	RESULTS: The impaired superoxide production by patients" neutrophils was associated with a severe deficient expression of the NADPH oxidase catalytic core flavocytochrome-b558 (gp91 phox /NOX2 and p22 phox ), its cytosolic partner p47 phox but not p67 phox .	Superoxides	22-32	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	197-205
6330249-0	1984	Lag period for superoxide anion generation and lysosomal enzyme release from human neutrophils: effects of calcium antagonists and anion channel blockers.	Superoxides	15-31	stathmin 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
6330249-4	1984	The intracellular calcium antagonist TMB-8 and the calmodulin inhibitor trifluoperazine both lengthened the lag periods for superoxide anion generation with either stimulus.	Superoxides	124-140	stathmin 1	Homo sapiens	108-111
28601846-6	2018	RESULTS: The impaired superoxide production by patients" neutrophils was associated with a severe deficient expression of the NADPH oxidase catalytic core flavocytochrome-b558 (gp91 phox /NOX2 and p22 phox ), its cytosolic partner p47 phox but not p67 phox .	Superoxides	22-32	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	231-234
29957360-4	2018	After one day of exposure to the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL), the expression of the proteins involved in superoxide anion production was determined by western blotting.	Superoxides	136-152	tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 11	Mus musculus	33-83
29957360-4	2018	After one day of exposure to the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL), the expression of the proteins involved in superoxide anion production was determined by western blotting.	Superoxides	136-152	tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 11	Mus musculus	85-90
29957360-10	2018	This study provides evidence that the anti-osteoclastic effect of CAPE depends upon the attenuated superoxide anion production, which is closely related with interruption of an active Nox1 complex formation due to the attenuated catalytic subunit Nox1 expression resulting from suppression of the IKKbeta/IkappaBalpha/NF-kappaB and JNK/AP-1 signaling pathway and the down-regulation of the p47phox subunit translocation to the cell membrane.	Superoxides	99-115	inhibitor of kappaB kinase beta	Mus musculus	297-304
6293870-0	1982	Involvement of calcium, calmodulin and phospholipase A in the alteration of membrane dynamics and superoxide production of human neutrophils stimulated by phorbol myristate acetate.	Superoxides	98-108	phospholipase A and acyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	39-54
6175565-3	1982	In contrast, O2- production by M phi exposed for 20 hr to the lymphokine macrophage activating factor (MAF) or treated with either MAF or IFN-beta for 4 hr was not significantly different from that of control cells.	Superoxides	13-15	avian musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog	Mus musculus	103-106
6175565-3	1982	In contrast, O2- production by M phi exposed for 20 hr to the lymphokine macrophage activating factor (MAF) or treated with either MAF or IFN-beta for 4 hr was not significantly different from that of control cells.	Superoxides	13-15	avian musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog	Mus musculus	131-134
29957360-10	2018	This study provides evidence that the anti-osteoclastic effect of CAPE depends upon the attenuated superoxide anion production, which is closely related with interruption of an active Nox1 complex formation due to the attenuated catalytic subunit Nox1 expression resulting from suppression of the IKKbeta/IkappaBalpha/NF-kappaB and JNK/AP-1 signaling pathway and the down-regulation of the p47phox subunit translocation to the cell membrane.	Superoxides	99-115	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	390-397
29987037-4	2018	In the current study, we investigated the role of the superoxide-generating enzyme NADPH oxidase (NOX) in Drosophila ovulation.	Superoxides	54-64	NADPH oxidase	Drosophila melanogaster	83-96
6284006-7	1982	Ceruloplasmin also inhibited reduction of cytochrome c and NBT mediated by the aerobic action of xanthine oxidase on acetaldehyde (another superoxide-generating system) and mimicked the activity of purified human erythrocyte SOD by inhibiting photoreduction of NBT and by accelerating aerobic photooxidation of dianisidine.	Superoxides	139-149	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	0-13
6284006-8	1982	Ceruloplasmin could be separated from purified human erythrocyte SOD by electrophoresis on alkaline 12% polyacrylamide gels and identified by its superoxide-scavenging activity.	Superoxides	146-156	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	0-13
29987037-4	2018	In the current study, we investigated the role of the superoxide-generating enzyme NADPH oxidase (NOX) in Drosophila ovulation.	Superoxides	54-64	NADPH oxidase	Drosophila melanogaster	98-101
29987037-5	2018	We report that Nox is highly enriched in mature follicle cells and that Nox knockdown in these cells leads to a reduction in superoxide and to defective ovulation.	Superoxides	125-135	NADPH oxidase	Drosophila melanogaster	15-18
6266993-2	1981	The accumulation of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide was completely prevented in the presence of superoxide dismutase and catalase, respectively.	Superoxides	20-36	catalase	Cavia porcellus	128-136
29987037-5	2018	We report that Nox is highly enriched in mature follicle cells and that Nox knockdown in these cells leads to a reduction in superoxide and to defective ovulation.	Superoxides	125-135	NADPH oxidase	Drosophila melanogaster	72-75
29526807-4	2018	Notably, the overexpression of dihydronicotinamide riboside:quinone oxidoreductase (QR2) in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells increases the production of ROS, mainly superoxide radicals, when it is exposed to exogenous catechol-quinones (e.g. dopachrome, aminochrome, and adrenochrome).	Superoxides	166-176	quinone oxidoreductase	Cricetulus griseus	60-82
6251840-0	1980	ESR evidence of superoxide radical dismutation by human ceruloplasmin.	Superoxides	16-26	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	56-69
29526807-4	2018	Notably, the overexpression of dihydronicotinamide riboside:quinone oxidoreductase (QR2) in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells increases the production of ROS, mainly superoxide radicals, when it is exposed to exogenous catechol-quinones (e.g. dopachrome, aminochrome, and adrenochrome).	Superoxides	166-176	N-ribosyldihydronicotinamide:quinone reductase 2	Homo sapiens	84-87
29526807-8	2018	Taken together, these data suggest that the overexpression of QR2 in brain cells in the presence of catechol quinones might lead to ROS-induced cell death via the rapid conversion of superoxide radicals into hydrogen peroxide and then into highly reactive hydroxyl radicals.	Superoxides	183-202	N-ribosyldihydronicotinamide:quinone reductase 2	Homo sapiens	62-65
29274570-0	2018	Characterization of the impact of glutaredoxin-2 (GRX2) deficiency on superoxide/hydrogen peroxide release from cardiac and liver mitochondria.	Superoxides	70-80	glutaredoxin 2 (thioltransferase)	Mus musculus	34-48
29274570-0	2018	Characterization of the impact of glutaredoxin-2 (GRX2) deficiency on superoxide/hydrogen peroxide release from cardiac and liver mitochondria.	Superoxides	70-80	glutaredoxin 2 (thioltransferase)	Mus musculus	50-54
29274570-3	2018	Here, we conducted the first examination of O2 -/H2O2 release rates from cardiac and liver mitochondria isolated from mice deficient for glutaredoxin-2 (GRX2), a matrix-associated thiol oxidoreductase that facilitates the S-glutathionylation and deglutathionylation of proteins.	Superoxides	44-46	glutaredoxin 2 (thioltransferase)	Mus musculus	137-151
29274570-3	2018	Here, we conducted the first examination of O2 -/H2O2 release rates from cardiac and liver mitochondria isolated from mice deficient for glutaredoxin-2 (GRX2), a matrix-associated thiol oxidoreductase that facilitates the S-glutathionylation and deglutathionylation of proteins.	Superoxides	44-46	glutaredoxin 2 (thioltransferase)	Mus musculus	153-157
29274570-4	2018	Liver mitochondria isolated from mice heterozygous (GRX2+/-) and homozygous (GRX2-/-) for glutaredoxin-2 displayed a significant decrease in O2 -/H2O2 release when oxidizing pyruvate or 2-oxoglutarate.	Superoxides	141-143	glutaredoxin 2 (thioltransferase)	Mus musculus	52-56
29274570-4	2018	Liver mitochondria isolated from mice heterozygous (GRX2+/-) and homozygous (GRX2-/-) for glutaredoxin-2 displayed a significant decrease in O2 -/H2O2 release when oxidizing pyruvate or 2-oxoglutarate.	Superoxides	141-143	glutaredoxin 2 (thioltransferase)	Mus musculus	77-81
29274570-4	2018	Liver mitochondria isolated from mice heterozygous (GRX2+/-) and homozygous (GRX2-/-) for glutaredoxin-2 displayed a significant decrease in O2 -/H2O2 release when oxidizing pyruvate or 2-oxoglutarate.	Superoxides	141-143	glutaredoxin 2 (thioltransferase)	Mus musculus	90-104
29274570-6	2018	By contrast, O2 -/H2O2 production was augmented in cardiac mitochondria from GRX2+/- and GRX2-/- mice metabolizing pyruvate or 2-oxoglutarate which was associated with decreased PDH and OGDH protein levels.	Superoxides	13-15	glutaredoxin 2 (thioltransferase)	Mus musculus	77-81
29274570-6	2018	By contrast, O2 -/H2O2 production was augmented in cardiac mitochondria from GRX2+/- and GRX2-/- mice metabolizing pyruvate or 2-oxoglutarate which was associated with decreased PDH and OGDH protein levels.	Superoxides	13-15	glutaredoxin 2 (thioltransferase)	Mus musculus	89-93
29257998-4	2018	Complement consumption in the plasma was also detected, and complement inhibition by compstatin decreased the SMase D and LPS-induced leukocyte activation, as demonstrated by a reduction in the expression of CD11b and TLR4 and superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	227-243	interferon regulatory factor 6	Homo sapiens	122-125
29175946-6	2018	Moreover, scavenging superoxide or peroxynitrite by selective gp91phox assembly inhibitor gp91ds-tat or ONOO- scavenger EUK134 markedly ameliorated MI/R injury, as shown by reduced myocardial oxidative/nitrative stress, alleviated myocardial infarction, hindered cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and improved cardiac function in aortic-banded mice.	Superoxides	21-31	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	62-66
29324765-8	2018	In addition, the det2-9 mutant displayed over accumulated superoxide anions (O2-) compared with the wild-type control, and the increased O2- level was shown to contribute to the inhibition of root growth.	Superoxides	58-75	3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	17-23
29324765-8	2018	In addition, the det2-9 mutant displayed over accumulated superoxide anions (O2-) compared with the wild-type control, and the increased O2- level was shown to contribute to the inhibition of root growth.	Superoxides	77-79	3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	17-23
29324765-8	2018	In addition, the det2-9 mutant displayed over accumulated superoxide anions (O2-) compared with the wild-type control, and the increased O2- level was shown to contribute to the inhibition of root growth.	Superoxides	137-139	3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	17-23
29183727-1	2018	The membrane bound cytochrome b558 composed of gp91-phox and p22-phox proteins, and cytosolic proteins p40-, p47-and p67-phox are important components of superoxide (O2-)-generating system in phagocytes.	Superoxides	154-164	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	61-64
29183727-1	2018	The membrane bound cytochrome b558 composed of gp91-phox and p22-phox proteins, and cytosolic proteins p40-, p47-and p67-phox are important components of superoxide (O2-)-generating system in phagocytes.	Superoxides	154-164	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	109-112
6248464-2	1980	These stimuli cause prompt (less than 10 sec) changes in membrane potential followed 30--45 sec later by superoxide anion (O-2.)	Superoxides	105-121	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	123-126
29183727-1	2018	The membrane bound cytochrome b558 composed of gp91-phox and p22-phox proteins, and cytosolic proteins p40-, p47-and p67-phox are important components of superoxide (O2-)-generating system in phagocytes.	Superoxides	166-168	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	61-64
29183727-1	2018	The membrane bound cytochrome b558 composed of gp91-phox and p22-phox proteins, and cytosolic proteins p40-, p47-and p67-phox are important components of superoxide (O2-)-generating system in phagocytes.	Superoxides	166-168	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	109-112
29209893-8	2018	The superoxide anion ( O2-) scavenging ability of SOD-CLP-ELP was 1.5 times that of SOD, and the catalytic efficiency of DAAO-CLP-ELP was 1.7 times that of DAAO.	Superoxides	4-20	nuclear receptor subfamily 5 group A member 1	Homo sapiens	58-61
34044064-2	2021	In animals, BMAL1 further acts as transcription factor for the SOD1 gene which encodes the major antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	116-126	aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator like	Homo sapiens	12-17
29209893-8	2018	The superoxide anion ( O2-) scavenging ability of SOD-CLP-ELP was 1.5 times that of SOD, and the catalytic efficiency of DAAO-CLP-ELP was 1.7 times that of DAAO.	Superoxides	4-20	nuclear receptor subfamily 5 group A member 1	Homo sapiens	130-133
29768263-11	2018	Antioxidant NAC antagonized FPA-stimulated superoxide anion generation and inhibited FPA-induced CRP expression in VSMCs.	Superoxides	43-59	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	12-15
33657463-3	2021	During the activation of FPR2 induced by its agonist AGP-8694, a high level of Brucella uptake was accompanied by an increase in ERK phosphorylation, while intracellular survival at 24 h postincubation was observed to be associated with slightly reduced nitrite accumulation but augmented superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	289-305	formyl peptide receptor 2	Mus musculus	25-29
31938112-7	2018	After 48 hours Sev-N2O anesthesia, the neuronal apoptosis and the expression of Bax, PARP-1 in hippocampus of rats increased significantly, and the expression of Nampt, RelB decreased significantly.	Superoxides	19-22	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	80-83
33582209-10	2021	Ang-(1-5) treatment increased Mn-superoxide dismutase, catalase, and heme oxygenase-1 protein levels, which was attenuated by A779 pretreatment.	Superoxides	33-43	angiogenin	Rattus norvegicus	0-8
31938112-7	2018	After 48 hours Sev-N2O anesthesia, the neuronal apoptosis and the expression of Bax, PARP-1 in hippocampus of rats increased significantly, and the expression of Nampt, RelB decreased significantly.	Superoxides	19-22	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Rattus norvegicus	85-91
33838472-0	2021	Sustained IKKbeta phosphorylation and NF-kappaB activation by superoxide-induced peroxynitrite-mediated nitrotyrosine modification of B56gamma3 and PP2A inactivation.	Superoxides	62-72	component of inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase complex	Homo sapiens	10-17
29036233-0	2017	Correction: Diabetes-Induced Superoxide Anion and Breakdown of the Blood-Retinal Barrier: Role of the VEGF/uPAR Pathway.	Superoxides	29-45	plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor	Homo sapiens	107-111
33647262-8	2021	Fortnight-TSG treatment (100 mg/kg/day) increased serum omentin-1 level, also activated Akt/eNOS signaling and enhanced NO bioactivity; decreased expression of NOX2 and p22phox, suppressed production of superoxide and peroxynitrite anion.	Superoxides	203-213	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	160-164
28699129-6	2017	Within changed pathways, three genes were selected for RT-qPCR analyses as key candidates influencing inflammatory responses: CYBA (component of the superoxide-generating Nox2 enzyme), GSK3B (controller of cell responses after toll-like receptor stimulation), and EIF4E (a key factor of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4F complex that regulates abundance of other proteins involved in immune functions).	Superoxides	149-159	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	126-130
28515091-5	2017	Specifically, as compared with wild-type (WT) mice, there was a marked increase of superoxide generation (&gt;twofold, P &lt; .0005) in NeuACE neutrophils following infection, whereas ACE knockout neutrophils decreased superoxide production.	Superoxides	83-93	angiotensin I converting enzyme (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) 1	Mus musculus	139-142
32438819-7	2021	In neoplastic cells, HDCA reverts TRAP1-dependent downregulation of SDH, decreases proliferation rate, increases mitochondrial superoxide levels and abolishes tumorigenic growth.	Superoxides	127-137	TNF receptor associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	34-39
28672042-5	2017	As LOX-1 has various ligands, we hypothesized that, being essentially packages of lipoproteins, STBEVs are able to activate the LOX-1 receptor thereby impairing vascular function via the production of superoxide and decreased nitric oxide bioavailability.	Superoxides	201-211	oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	128-133
33453359-6	2021	Deficiency of BCO2 caused disruption of assembly of the mitochondrial respiratory supercomplexes, such as supercomplex III2+IV in mice, and overproduction of superoxide radicals in primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts.	Superoxides	158-168	beta-carotene oxygenase 2	Mus musculus	14-18
28412346-0	2017	Superoxide is the critical driver of DOPAL autoxidation, lysyl adduct formation, and crosslinking of alpha-synuclein.	Superoxides	0-10	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	101-116
33574559-4	2021	GAS5 knockdown inhibited the increase of malondialdehyde (MDA) level and cell apoptotic rate induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) and weakened the inhibitory effects of OGD on superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities and cell viability in RN-Sc cells, suggesting that GAS5 loss mitigated OGD-triggered oxidative stress and cell injury in RN-Sc cells.	Superoxides	183-193	growth arrest specific 5	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
28397812-5	2017	Superoxide anion and malondialdehyde were enhanced and positively correlated to the protein expression of Sesn1/2/3.	Superoxides	0-16	sestrin 1	Homo sapiens	106-115
33634117-3	2021	The xanthine oxidase (XO) form of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), the key enzyme in xanthine and uric acid metabolism, is a major cellular source of superoxide.	Superoxides	148-158	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	4-20
33634117-3	2021	The xanthine oxidase (XO) form of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), the key enzyme in xanthine and uric acid metabolism, is a major cellular source of superoxide.	Superoxides	148-158	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	34-57
33634117-3	2021	The xanthine oxidase (XO) form of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), the key enzyme in xanthine and uric acid metabolism, is a major cellular source of superoxide.	Superoxides	148-158	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	59-62
33398523-6	2021	In addition, enhanced NADPH oxidase (Nox) activity, increased levels of superoxide anions and malondialdehyde (MDA), and weakened superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, were all reversed by treatment with Ang-(1-7).	Superoxides	72-89	angiogenin, ribonuclease A family, member 2	Rattus norvegicus	203-211
33309799-11	2021	This was accompanied by an increased level of superoxide (O2.-), nitric oxide (NO), and peroxynitrite (ONOO-) which were decreased in the presence of NAC, DPI, and 1400W, signifying the role of iNOS-Rac2 interaction.	Superoxides	46-56	X-linked Kx blood group	Homo sapiens	150-153
28250190-4	2017	Superoxide anion production and translocation of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2) and nuclear transcription factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) subunit p65 to the nucleus and the activation of their target genes were quantified.Results: Pretreatment of HUVECs with 1,25(OH)2D3 prevented the leptin-induced increase in superoxide anion production (P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	0-16	leptin	Homo sapiens	299-305
28616625-5	2017	A major mechanism associated with the impairment of endothelial function with eNOS deficiency and a high fat diet appears to be related to increases in plasma IL-6 that serves to further reduce the bioavailability of NO either directly or indirectly via reductions in eNOS expression or activity and via increases in vascular superoxide.	Superoxides	326-336	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	78-82
32424294-7	2021	LCS-1-induced cell death is associated with: (1) increase in superoxide and ROS levels; (2) activation of caspases, and p53/p21 signaling; (3) decrease in MCL-1, BCLxL, CDC2, cyclin-B1, and c-Myc; (4) ER stress response; and (5) inhibition of proteasome function.	Superoxides	61-71	LCS1	Homo sapiens	0-5
27157612-6	2016	Consistent with a mitophagic phenotype, in vivo labeling with specific fluorophores uncovered increased levels of oxidative stress (elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial superoxide and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential) in the Sos1-KO and the Sos1/2-DKO cells as compared with Sos2-KO and WT MEFs.	Superoxides	197-207	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Mus musculus	261-265
33355369-5	2021	JNK-IN-8 attenuated myeloperoxidase activity, malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase content and the lung wet/dry ratio, and improved the survival rate following lethal injection of LPS.	Superoxides	66-76	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	0-3
27847869-6	2016	This impairment increases the levels of superoxide and oxidative stress, which activate AKT via oxidative inactivation of the phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN).	Superoxides	40-50	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Homo sapiens	183-187
33160017-4	2021	Supporting our hypotheses, exposure of cultured SMC to IL-17A promoted proliferation and migration via TRAF3IP2, TRAF3IP2-dependent superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production, NLRP3 expression, caspase-1 activation, and IL-1beta and IL-18 secretion.	Superoxides	132-142	interleukin 17A	Homo sapiens	55-61
27422818-4	2016	Here we describe a novel FPR2 agonist, the proteolytically stable alpha-peptide/beta-peptoid hybrid Lau-((S)-Aoc)-(Lys-betaNphe)6-NH2 (F2M2), showing comparable potency in activating human and mouse neutrophils by inducing a rise in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration and assembly of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	288-298	formyl peptide receptor 2	Homo sapiens	25-29
33160017-4	2021	Supporting our hypotheses, exposure of cultured SMC to IL-17A promoted proliferation and migration via TRAF3IP2, TRAF3IP2-dependent superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production, NLRP3 expression, caspase-1 activation, and IL-1beta and IL-18 secretion.	Superoxides	132-142	TRAF3 interacting protein 2	Homo sapiens	113-121
32857354-1	2021	Spin trapping with cyclic nitrones coupled to electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) enables the detection and characterization of oxygen-derived free radicals, such as superoxide and hydroxyl radicals, in living cells.	Superoxides	168-178	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
27624556-6	2016	Echocardiography revealed that ALDH-2(-/-)/gp91(phox-/-) mice were protected from ACA-overload-induced HF after 5 weeks of 2% EtOH-diet, demonstrating that NOX2-derived O2( -) contributes to the development of ACM.	Superoxides	169-171	aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	31-37
27624556-6	2016	Echocardiography revealed that ALDH-2(-/-)/gp91(phox-/-) mice were protected from ACA-overload-induced HF after 5 weeks of 2% EtOH-diet, demonstrating that NOX2-derived O2( -) contributes to the development of ACM.	Superoxides	169-171	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	43-47
33128532-6	2022	Treatment with MPL flavonoids, especially at a dose of 200 mg/kg, attenuated CCl4-induced increases in alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1beta, and interleukin-6, as well as reductions in superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase.	Superoxides	334-344	MPL proto-oncogene, thrombopoietin receptor	Rattus norvegicus	15-18
27624556-6	2016	Echocardiography revealed that ALDH-2(-/-)/gp91(phox-/-) mice were protected from ACA-overload-induced HF after 5 weeks of 2% EtOH-diet, demonstrating that NOX2-derived O2( -) contributes to the development of ACM.	Superoxides	169-171	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	48-52
27444386-5	2016	Our results showed that Abeta-promoted mitochondrial superoxide production and neuronal lipid oxidation were significantly suppressed by the application of mitotempo.	Superoxides	53-63	amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein	Mus musculus	24-29
33013985-8	2020	The activities of catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase of OE lines were significantly lower than those of WT, suggesting that ZmMYB59 reduced their oxidation resistance.	Superoxides	40-50	MYB59	Zea mays	154-161
27061078-1	2016	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is an enzyme that catalyses the dismutation of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	91-108	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	0-34
32912004-2	2020	NADPH and NADH are known to interact with HRP and generate significant quantities of superoxide anion, a radical that spontaneously dismutates to form H2O2 which interferes with the AR/HRP assay.	Superoxides	85-101	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
32912004-4	2020	We found that superoxide anion formation via the interaction of NADPH with HRP was inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD) without affecting H2O2 generation by microsomal enzymes.	Superoxides	14-30	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	64-69
32912004-6	2020	This method can also be applied to quantify rates of H2O2 production by oxidases where superoxide anion generation by NADH or NADPH and HRP can interfere with enzyme assays.	Superoxides	87-103	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	126-131
27061078-1	2016	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is an enzyme that catalyses the dismutation of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	91-108	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	36-42
32748289-3	2020	At high NADH levels, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (alpha-KGDH) is a major source of superoxide in skeletal muscle mitochondria with low NNT activity.	Superoxides	89-99	oxoglutarate (alpha-ketoglutarate) dehydrogenase (lipoamide)	Mus musculus	21-54
31975462-8	2020	In conclusion, 1 O2 induces the ER-mediated UPR response that fulfills a dual role in high light stress: a moderate UPR, with selective induction of BIP3, is part of the acclimatory response to 1 O2 , and a strong activation of the whole UPR is associated with cell death.	Superoxides	17-19	Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp 70) family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	149-153
31975462-8	2020	In conclusion, 1 O2 induces the ER-mediated UPR response that fulfills a dual role in high light stress: a moderate UPR, with selective induction of BIP3, is part of the acclimatory response to 1 O2 , and a strong activation of the whole UPR is associated with cell death.	Superoxides	196-198	Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp 70) family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	149-153
32471175-8	2020	We found that overexpression of Nanog is responsible for attenuating Abeta-triggered neuronal insulin resistance, which restores cell survival through reducing intracellular mitochondrial superoxide accumulation and cellular senescence.	Superoxides	188-198	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	69-74
27394172-6	2016	The functional consequences were evaluated by the use of neutrophils isolated from wild-type and EC-SOD KO mice, and showed that EC-SOD release significantly reduce the level of superoxide in the extracellular space, but does not affect the capacity to generate neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs).	Superoxides	178-188	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	129-135
31972339-2	2020	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3) is important for removing extracellular superoxide anions and is highly expressed in renal tissue.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	36-40
31972339-2	2020	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3) is important for removing extracellular superoxide anions and is highly expressed in renal tissue.	Superoxides	82-92	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	36-40
32223145-0	2020	Intracellular generation of superoxide by TiO2 nanoparticles decreases histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9), an epigenetic modifier.	Superoxides	28-38	histone deacetylase 9	Homo sapiens	71-92
26467818-1	2016	Superoxide production is modulated by the C242T polymorphism of the CYBA gene.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	68-72
32223145-0	2020	Intracellular generation of superoxide by TiO2 nanoparticles decreases histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9), an epigenetic modifier.	Superoxides	28-38	histone deacetylase 9	Homo sapiens	94-99
32223145-4	2020	These experiments show that TiO2 nanoparticles generate superoxide, both in solution and in cells, and this intracellular superoxide decreases expression of histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9), an epigenetic modifier.	Superoxides	56-66	histone deacetylase 9	Homo sapiens	157-178
32223145-4	2020	These experiments show that TiO2 nanoparticles generate superoxide, both in solution and in cells, and this intracellular superoxide decreases expression of histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9), an epigenetic modifier.	Superoxides	56-66	histone deacetylase 9	Homo sapiens	180-185
32223145-4	2020	These experiments show that TiO2 nanoparticles generate superoxide, both in solution and in cells, and this intracellular superoxide decreases expression of histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9), an epigenetic modifier.	Superoxides	122-132	histone deacetylase 9	Homo sapiens	157-178
32223145-4	2020	These experiments show that TiO2 nanoparticles generate superoxide, both in solution and in cells, and this intracellular superoxide decreases expression of histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9), an epigenetic modifier.	Superoxides	122-132	histone deacetylase 9	Homo sapiens	180-185
27486403-11	2016	Cell based experiments reveal that rabbit Nox5 was robustly expressed and produced superoxide at rest and in a calcium and PMA-dependent manner that was susceptible to superoxide dismutase and the flavoprotein inhibitor, DPI.	Superoxides	83-93	NADPH oxidase 5	Oryctolagus cuniculus	42-46
31840416-10	2020	In addition, selective upregulation of Opa1 alone can also promote mitochondrial fusion, improve mitochondrial function and inhibited mitochondria-derived superoxide production in HG-cultured cardiomyocytes.	Superoxides	155-165	OPA1, mitochondrial dynamin like GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	39-43
27106041-6	2016	In relation to mechanisms, effects of Ang II in SOCS3(+/-) mice were prevented by inhibitors of STAT3, IL-6, NF-kappaB, or superoxide.	Superoxides	123-133	suppressor of cytokine signaling 3	Mus musculus	48-53
31980167-3	2020	Peritoneal macrophages of G6pt-/- mice were lower in number and their effector functions including migration, superoxide production, and phagocytosis were impaired.	Superoxides	110-120	solute carrier family 37 (glucose-6-phosphate transporter), member 4	Mus musculus	26-30
27349915-5	2016	Compared with wild type Arabidopsis, lsf2-1 mutant exhibited reduced rates of superoxide generation and higher levels of hydrogen peroxide upon oxidative stress treatments.	Superoxides	78-88	dual specificity protein phosphatase (DsPTP1) family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	37-41
31880947-3	2020	Previous studies have reported that NMDA receptor (NMDAR) activation increases NOX2-mediated superoxide generation, resulting in inhibition of NMDAR function, but whether NOX2 impacts NMDAR function in PAE animals leading to impaired LTP and memory formation remains unknown.	Superoxides	93-103	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	79-83
31733931-10	2020	The number and area of SSC colonies, and the number of GFR alpha1 positive cells were the highest in the 2.5% O2 treatment group.	Superoxides	110-112	glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor family receptor alpha 1	Mus musculus	55-65
26621818-4	2016	Using an in vitro model of GAS-infected keratinocytes, we show that the major ROS produced is the superoxide anion ([Formula: see text]), and that its production is time- and dose-dependent.	Superoxides	98-114	gastrin	Homo sapiens	27-30
31989131-9	2020	Oxygen (O2) and ammonia (NH3) gases were detected in the concentration ranges 1-20% O2 and 1-10 ppm NH3 in the two GPEs using both linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and long-term chronoamperometry (LTCA).	Superoxides	8-10	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	84-92
26621818-6	2016	Superoxide anion production leads to keratinocyte necrosis but incomplete inhibition of GAS growth, suggesting that GAS may be partially resistant to the oxidative burst.	Superoxides	0-16	gastrin	Homo sapiens	116-119
26699123-7	2016	Superoxide and hypochlorous acid are physiological inactivators of alpha-2-macroglobulin.	Superoxides	0-10	alpha-2-macroglobulin	Homo sapiens	67-88
31928223-8	2020	Klotho protein supplementation enhanced glomerular filtration rate, renal expressions of superoxide dismutase (SOD), klotho itself (p&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	89-99	klotho	Mus musculus	0-6
32121598-10	2020	Overexpression of miR155-5p inhibited VSMC migration and superoxide anion and IL-1beta production in VSMCs of SHR but had no impact on exogenous Ang II-induced VSMC migration and on superoxide anion and IL-1beta production in WKY rats and SHR.	Superoxides	57-73	microRNA 155	Rattus norvegicus	18-24
26375520-1	2016	In hypertension studies, anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) has been shown to prevent angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced vasoconstriction and regulate vascular function by down-regulating pro-inflammatory cytokine and superoxide production in vascular cells.	Superoxides	230-240	interleukin 10	Rattus norvegicus	52-66
32121598-11	2020	These results indicate that miR155-5p inhibits VSMC migration in SHR by suppressing ACE expression and its downstream production of Ang II, superoxide anion, and inflammatory factors.	Superoxides	140-156	microRNA 155	Rattus norvegicus	28-34
26375520-1	2016	In hypertension studies, anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) has been shown to prevent angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced vasoconstriction and regulate vascular function by down-regulating pro-inflammatory cytokine and superoxide production in vascular cells.	Superoxides	230-240	interleukin 10	Rattus norvegicus	68-73
31911167-10	2020	Immunohistochemistry for astrocyte (GFAP) phenotypic analysis and its activation in brain and spinal cord were measured by using using image J software in N2O exposed rats and control animals.	Superoxides	155-158	glial fibrillary acidic protein	Rattus norvegicus	36-40
32027437-8	2020	RESULTS: Cells cultured under 2% O2 exhibited decreased A20 expression and increased RANKL/OPG (R/O) ratio.	Superoxides	33-35	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-27	Homo sapiens	56-59
32027437-8	2020	RESULTS: Cells cultured under 2% O2 exhibited decreased A20 expression and increased RANKL/OPG (R/O) ratio.	Superoxides	33-35	TNF superfamily member 11	Homo sapiens	85-90
32027437-8	2020	RESULTS: Cells cultured under 2% O2 exhibited decreased A20 expression and increased RANKL/OPG (R/O) ratio.	Superoxides	33-35	basic transcription factor 3 pseudogene 11	Homo sapiens	91-94
32069806-6	2020	CNTf strongly stimulated the O2 - production.	Superoxides	29-31	ciliary neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	0-4
32011969-3	2021	A significant upregulated expression of Bcl2 and PCNA genes and significantly downregulated expression of Casp3 and p53 were observed in the blastocysts at 5% than those at 20% O2.	Superoxides	177-179	cellular tumor antigen p53	Ovis aries	116-119
32011969-5	2021	Among the pluripotency related transcripts, the expression of Oct4 was significantly upregulated and the expression of Sox2 and Nanog was significantly downregulated in embryos at 5% than at 20% O2.	Superoxides	195-197	transcription factor SOX-2	Ovis aries	119-123
31907993-7	2020	Importantly, we show that selective targeting of glycans on CD11b with such lectins results in altered intracellular signaling events that inhibit TEpM and differentially affect key PMN inflammatory functions including phagocytosis, superoxide release and apoptosis.	Superoxides	233-243	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	60-65
31898866-4	2020	Herein, iodine-rich semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (SPN-I) for enhanced PDT, using iodine-induced intermolecular heavy-atom effect to elevate the 1 O2 generation, are designed and prepared.	Superoxides	154-156	DEAF1 transcription factor	Homo sapiens	58-61
32010784-3	2020	Although CD11b+Gr-1+Sca-1+ cells have impaired migratory capacity and superoxide anion-producing activity, they secrete increased levels of several cytokines and chemokines compared to Sca-1- counterparts.	Superoxides	70-86	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	9-14
31679689-9	2020	Additionally, PGRN-regulated ischemic stroke was related to ROS accumulation that MCAO-mice with PGRN knockdown exhibited severe oxidative stress, as proved by the aggravated malondialdehyde (MDA) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) contents, and the decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity.	Superoxides	254-264	granulin	Mus musculus	14-18
31679689-9	2020	Additionally, PGRN-regulated ischemic stroke was related to ROS accumulation that MCAO-mice with PGRN knockdown exhibited severe oxidative stress, as proved by the aggravated malondialdehyde (MDA) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) contents, and the decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity.	Superoxides	254-264	granulin	Mus musculus	97-101
31734363-4	2020	C. albicans treated with Mo-CBP2 also had catalase and peroxidase activities inhibited, while superoxide dismutase was increased.	Superoxides	94-104	serpin family H member 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
32021440-9	2020	Also, CA6-generated ROS inhibited Akt and activated forkhead O3A (FoxO3a), causing cytotoxicity in gastric cancer cells.	Superoxides	61-64	forkhead box O3	Mus musculus	66-72
31264901-3	2020	OBJECTIVES: We tested the hypothesis that Src/epidermal growth factor receptor signaling mediates enhanced vasoconstrictor sensitivity following chronic hypoxia through NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide generation.	Superoxides	191-201	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	42-45
31264901-3	2020	OBJECTIVES: We tested the hypothesis that Src/epidermal growth factor receptor signaling mediates enhanced vasoconstrictor sensitivity following chronic hypoxia through NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide generation.	Superoxides	191-201	epidermal growth factor receptor	Rattus norvegicus	46-78
31264901-8	2020	Consistently, chronic hypoxia augmented endothelin-1-induced superoxide production through epidermal growth factor receptor signaling, and rats treated chronically with gefitinib displayed reduced right ventricular pressure and diminished arterial remodeling.	Superoxides	61-71	epidermal growth factor receptor	Rattus norvegicus	91-123
31697642-7	2020	Further, miR-375 reduced O2 consumption related to glycolysis and pyruvate metabolism, but not in response to alpha-ketoisocaproate.	Superoxides	25-27	microRNA 375	Rattus norvegicus	9-16
31729000-2	2020	The O2 molecules consumed are reduced by electrons delivered by a membrane localized NADPH-oxidase that initially generate one- and two electron reduced superoxide anions (O2 -) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), respectively.	Superoxides	153-170	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	85-90
31729001-1	2020	The superoxide (O2  -)-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes comprises a membrane-associated heterodimeric flavocytochrome, known as cytochrome b 558 (consisting of NOX2 and p22phox) and four cytosolic regulatory proteins, p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	4-14	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	142-154
31729001-1	2020	The superoxide (O2  -)-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes comprises a membrane-associated heterodimeric flavocytochrome, known as cytochrome b 558 (consisting of NOX2 and p22phox) and four cytosolic regulatory proteins, p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	4-14	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	174-178
31729001-1	2020	The superoxide (O2  -)-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes comprises a membrane-associated heterodimeric flavocytochrome, known as cytochrome b 558 (consisting of NOX2 and p22phox) and four cytosolic regulatory proteins, p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	4-14	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	232-239
31729001-1	2020	The superoxide (O2  -)-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes comprises a membrane-associated heterodimeric flavocytochrome, known as cytochrome b 558 (consisting of NOX2 and p22phox) and four cytosolic regulatory proteins, p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	16-18	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	142-154
31729001-1	2020	The superoxide (O2  -)-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes comprises a membrane-associated heterodimeric flavocytochrome, known as cytochrome b 558 (consisting of NOX2 and p22phox) and four cytosolic regulatory proteins, p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	16-18	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	174-178
31729001-1	2020	The superoxide (O2  -)-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes comprises a membrane-associated heterodimeric flavocytochrome, known as cytochrome b 558 (consisting of NOX2 and p22phox) and four cytosolic regulatory proteins, p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	16-18	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	232-239
31729001-3	2020	A consequent conformational change in NOX2 initiates the electron flow along a redox gradient, from NADPH to molecular oxygen (O2), leading to the one-electron reduction of O2 to O2  -.	Superoxides	127-129	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	38-42
31729001-3	2020	A consequent conformational change in NOX2 initiates the electron flow along a redox gradient, from NADPH to molecular oxygen (O2), leading to the one-electron reduction of O2 to O2  -.	Superoxides	173-175	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	38-42
31729001-3	2020	A consequent conformational change in NOX2 initiates the electron flow along a redox gradient, from NADPH to molecular oxygen (O2), leading to the one-electron reduction of O2 to O2  -.	Superoxides	173-175	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	38-42
31729001-7	2020	Thus, a mixture of the individual components of the NADPH oxidase is exposed in vitro to an activating agent, the most common being anionic amphiphiles, resulting in the formation of a complex between cytochrome b 558 and the cytosolic components and O2  - generation in the presence of NADPH.	Superoxides	251-253	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	201-213
31868116-1	2020	Aim: Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) immobilized on gold nanoparticles (AuNP) and silver nanoparticles (AgNP) nanoparticles were used to reduce UV radiation-induced oxidative stress in rat skin.	Superoxides	5-15	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	27-30
31560934-5	2019	Mechanistically, activated MLKL targets mitochondria and triggers excessive generation of mitochondrial superoxide, which promotes AIF translocation into nucleus via causing mitochondrial depolarization and aggravates gamma-H2AX formation via improving intracellular accumulation of ROS.	Superoxides	104-114	apoptosis inducing factor mitochondria associated 1	Homo sapiens	131-134
31882813-5	2019	Besides, Mn-TAT PTD-Ngb activated the phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway, which up-regulated the expression of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT).	Superoxides	199-209	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	20-23
31864267-4	2019	Unlike most reported H-atom diffusion tunneling reactions, the reaction H + HC(O)OCH3 in solid p-H2 at 3.3 K was found to diminish rapidly after IR irradiation, but, similar to reactions of H + N2O and H + HC(O)OH, this reaction was reinitiated when the matrix temperature was decreased from 4.0 K to 1.5 K. We confirmed that the method used to generate the mobile H atoms does not affect the subsequent chemistry.	Superoxides	194-197	polyhomeotic homolog 2	Homo sapiens	95-99
31746191-7	2019	As such, the study not only demonstrates a "coupled" mechanism for O2 activation by binuclear cop-per monooxygenases, but also deciphers the full catalytic cycle of PHM and DbetaM in accord with the available experimental data.	Superoxides	67-69	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	165-168
31871961-8	2019	Furthermore, As2O3 downregulated the frequency of Th1 but upregulated Th2 cells.	Superoxides	13-18	negative elongation factor complex member C/D	Homo sapiens	50-53
30995535-7	2019	Growing evidence points to an increase in ROS (mitochondria- and/or NADPH-derived superoxide and/or H2O2), leading to inhibition of voltage-gated K+ channels, membrane depolarization, and activation of voltage-gated L-type Ca2+ channels as critical events in the signaling pathway of both HPV and NDAV.	Superoxides	82-92	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	68-73
31491943-7	2019	RESULTS: We investigated that GLUT levels in LECs differed significantly, thus leading to the direct enhancement of RAGE-associated superoxide generation in DM patients with cataracts.	Superoxides	132-142	solute carrier family 2 member 1	Homo sapiens	30-34
31491943-7	2019	RESULTS: We investigated that GLUT levels in LECs differed significantly, thus leading to the direct enhancement of RAGE-associated superoxide generation in DM patients with cataracts.	Superoxides	132-142	advanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor	Homo sapiens	116-120
31227352-3	2019	Our results indicate that HCO3- may play a dual role to act 1) as a ligand to stabilize Cu(II), forming soluble [CuII(HCO3-)(S)]+ species to catalyze H2O2 producing hydroxyl radical (OH) and superoxide ion (O2-) and 2) as a OH scavenger.	Superoxides	191-201	TRAF3 interacting protein 2	Homo sapiens	56-61
29527950-5	2019	Incorporation of BdE into liposomes preserved its capacity to inhibit the neutrophil superoxide anion and total reactive oxygen species generation, and improved its anti-inflammatory effect in vivo by decreasing the effective BdE dose by nearly sixfold.	Superoxides	85-101	homeobox D13	Homo sapiens	17-20
31103719-5	2019	This effect of active Rac1 could also be rescued by scavengers of intracellular superoxide (O2.-), thus implicating NOX-activating activity of Rac1 in promoting S70pBcl-2.	Superoxides	80-90	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	22-26
31103719-5	2019	This effect of active Rac1 could also be rescued by scavengers of intracellular superoxide (O2.-), thus implicating NOX-activating activity of Rac1 in promoting S70pBcl-2.	Superoxides	92-94	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	22-26
31103719-5	2019	This effect of active Rac1 could also be rescued by scavengers of intracellular superoxide (O2.-), thus implicating NOX-activating activity of Rac1 in promoting S70pBcl-2.	Superoxides	92-94	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	143-147
31189648-7	2019	This promoted mitochondrial superoxide production and JNK activation, which enhanced CCL2 expression.	Superoxides	28-38	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2	Mus musculus	85-89
31015037-9	2019	In conclusion, sequential activation of LOX-1, JNK, and L-arginine consuming enzyme arginase-I in diabetes elicits superoxide-dependent oxidative stress and impairs endothelial NO-mediated dilation in coronary arterioles.	Superoxides	115-125	oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1	Sus scrofa	40-45
31015037-9	2019	In conclusion, sequential activation of LOX-1, JNK, and L-arginine consuming enzyme arginase-I in diabetes elicits superoxide-dependent oxidative stress and impairs endothelial NO-mediated dilation in coronary arterioles.	Superoxides	115-125	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Sus scrofa	47-50
31091187-8	2019	The hydroxyl radical quencher, thiourea, and the superoxide dismutase mimic, TEMPOL, significantly reduced hydroxyl radical and superoxide levels, respectively, in the antibiotic-exposed SCs and NCs and thereby decreased their differential susceptibility to antibiotics.	Superoxides	49-59	chromosome 1 open reading frame 210	Homo sapiens	77-83
29170064-3	2019	PON2 and PON3 are intracellular enzymes which modulate mitochondrial superoxide anion production and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced apoptosis.	Superoxides	69-85	paraoxonase 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
29170064-3	2019	PON2 and PON3 are intracellular enzymes which modulate mitochondrial superoxide anion production and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced apoptosis.	Superoxides	69-85	paraoxonase 3	Homo sapiens	9-13
31118451-9	2019	NOX1 levels were significantly increased in endothelial cells followed by increased superoxide production within 4 hours of blast.	Superoxides	84-94	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
30889865-5	2019	We propose a novel hypothesis that ER-alpha36-GPER signaling initially induces rapid and temporal activation of NADPH oxidase 1 to generate superoxide, which subsequently activates redox-sensitive neutral sphingomyelinase 2 generating the lipid signaling mediator ceramide.	Superoxides	140-150	G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	46-50
30058348-10	2019	We also observed a decrease in superoxide dismutase (LP, -78%; ON, -51%), catalase (LP, -18%; ON, -61%), and glutathione S-transferase (only in ON, -44%) activities.	Superoxides	31-41	hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	53-55
30403290-10	2019	GLP-1 decreased superoxide levels measured with dihydroethidium in rat mesenteric arteries exposed to 40 mM glucose.	Superoxides	16-26	glucagon	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
30403290-11	2019	CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: GLP-1 receptors are involved in the liraglutide-induced relaxation of branched arteries, under normoglycaemic conditions, while GLP-1 inhibition of vascular superoxide levels contributes to GLP-1 receptor-independent potentiation of endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in hyperglycaemia.	Superoxides	187-197	glucagon	Rattus norvegicus	158-163
30224076-12	2019	Compared with exosomes, microRNA-25-enriched exosomes markedly enhanced microRNA-25 level (P < .001), inhibited NADPH oxidase 4 expression (P = .012), but not NADPH oxidase 2 expression, decreased malondialdehyde content (P = .022), increased superoxide dismutase activity (P < .001) in spinal cords, and had additional neuroprotective effects as evidenced by lower motor deficit index scores (P < .005) and more survival neurons (P = .002).	Superoxides	243-253	microRNA 25	Rattus norvegicus	24-35
30696582-1	2019	Receptor-mediated activation of NADPH oxidase complexes commonly occurs in endosomes; the hydrogen peroxide produced by the dismutation of superoxide generated within the endosomes often functions to boost receptor function by reversibly inhibiting protein tyrosine phosphatases or by promoting formation of signaling complexes.	Superoxides	139-149	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	32-37
30696582-2	2019	NADPH oxidase-mediated formation of superoxide entails transfer of two electrons (provided by NADPH) from the cytosol to the endosomal lumen, where two molecules of superoxide are generated.	Superoxides	36-46	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
30696582-2	2019	NADPH oxidase-mediated formation of superoxide entails transfer of two electrons (provided by NADPH) from the cytosol to the endosomal lumen, where two molecules of superoxide are generated.	Superoxides	36-46	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	94-99
30696582-2	2019	NADPH oxidase-mediated formation of superoxide entails transfer of two electrons (provided by NADPH) from the cytosol to the endosomal lumen, where two molecules of superoxide are generated.	Superoxides	165-175	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
30696582-2	2019	NADPH oxidase-mediated formation of superoxide entails transfer of two electrons (provided by NADPH) from the cytosol to the endosomal lumen, where two molecules of superoxide are generated.	Superoxides	165-175	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	94-99
30688300-3	2019	Cyclic hydroxylamine spin probes react selectively with superoxide or other radicals to generate a nitroxide signal that can be quantified by EPR spectroscopy.	Superoxides	56-66	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	21-25
30688300-4	2019	Cell-permeable spin probes and spin probes designed to accumulate rapidly in the mitochondria allow for the determination of superoxide concentration in different cellular compartments.	Superoxides	125-135	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	15-19
30688300-4	2019	Cell-permeable spin probes and spin probes designed to accumulate rapidly in the mitochondria allow for the determination of superoxide concentration in different cellular compartments.	Superoxides	125-135	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	31-35
31140173-2	2019	NOX2 is the enzyme responsible for a huge superoxide formation in macrophages, essential to eliminate pathogens inside the phagosome.	Superoxides	42-52	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	0-4
30044122-8	2019	Depletion of ATF4 and p22phox diminished the levels of superoxide and H2O2 under ER stress conditions.	Superoxides	55-65	activating transcription factor 4	Homo sapiens	13-17
30179714-8	2018	High level of mitochondrial superoxide generation was observed in the transfected cells and NS3-4A and NS4A triggered a cascade of activation starting from caspase-9, then caspase-7 and caspase-3 that ultimately led to the cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase PARP.	Superoxides	28-38	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	92-95
29417337-3	2018	Ang II treatment of aortic VSMC augmented the levels of superoxide anion (O2-), NADPH oxidase activity, and the expression of NADPH oxidase subunits and C-ANP4-23 treatment attenuated all these to control levels.	Superoxides	56-72	angiogenin	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
29417337-3	2018	Ang II treatment of aortic VSMC augmented the levels of superoxide anion (O2-), NADPH oxidase activity, and the expression of NADPH oxidase subunits and C-ANP4-23 treatment attenuated all these to control levels.	Superoxides	74-76	angiogenin	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
30384445-5	2018	The NOX2 isoform of the NADPH oxidase family is considered a major enzymatic source of superoxide.	Superoxides	87-97	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	4-8
30384445-7	2018	With the use of siRNA and pharmacological inhibitors, we further demonstrated that 8e regulates the formation of superoxide in activated microglia through the PI3Kgamma/AKT/NOX2 signaling pathway and subsequently prevents neuronal death in neighboring neurons.	Superoxides	113-123	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	173-177
30181899-3	2018	Here we show that postsynaptic superoxide generation through PKCzeta-activated NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) is critical for long-term depression (LTD) of synaptic transmission in the CA1-Shaffer collateral synapse of the rat hippocampus.	Superoxides	31-41	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	79-94
30181899-3	2018	Here we show that postsynaptic superoxide generation through PKCzeta-activated NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) is critical for long-term depression (LTD) of synaptic transmission in the CA1-Shaffer collateral synapse of the rat hippocampus.	Superoxides	31-41	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	96-100
30025448-5	2018	To confirm our hypothesis, we strived to design a three-channel ratio fluorescent probe, HCy-SeH, for superoxide anion (O2 -) and Hg2+ combined detection.	Superoxides	102-118	epoxide hydrolase 2, cytoplasmic	Mus musculus	93-96
30025448-5	2018	To confirm our hypothesis, we strived to design a three-channel ratio fluorescent probe, HCy-SeH, for superoxide anion (O2 -) and Hg2+ combined detection.	Superoxides	120-122	epoxide hydrolase 2, cytoplasmic	Mus musculus	93-96
30025448-9	2018	Once oxidized by O2 -, HCy-SeH recovers its pi-conjugated system back to a heptamethine cyanine derivative, Cy-SeH.	Superoxides	17-19	epoxide hydrolase 2, cytoplasmic	Mus musculus	27-30
30025448-9	2018	Once oxidized by O2 -, HCy-SeH recovers its pi-conjugated system back to a heptamethine cyanine derivative, Cy-SeH.	Superoxides	17-19	epoxide hydrolase 2, cytoplasmic	Mus musculus	111-114
30025448-18	2018	HCy-SeH further provides a new information that, even when intracellular Hg2+ has been antagonized, the outbreak of O2 - caused by mercury poisoning still lasts.	Superoxides	116-118	epoxide hydrolase 2, cytoplasmic	Mus musculus	4-7
30135489-7	2018	Furthermore, we found that argirein blocked the endothelin (ET)-1/Nox4 signal-dependent superoxide (O2-.)	Superoxides	88-98	NADPH oxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	66-70
30135489-7	2018	Furthermore, we found that argirein blocked the endothelin (ET)-1/Nox4 signal-dependent superoxide (O2-.)	Superoxides	100-102	NADPH oxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	66-70
29524539-2	2018	Macrophage cells use the NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX2) enzymatic complex as a first line of defense against pathogens by generating superoxide ions O2- and releasing H2O2.	Superoxides	125-135	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	25-40
29524539-2	2018	Macrophage cells use the NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX2) enzymatic complex as a first line of defense against pathogens by generating superoxide ions O2- and releasing H2O2.	Superoxides	125-135	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	42-46
29524539-2	2018	Macrophage cells use the NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX2) enzymatic complex as a first line of defense against pathogens by generating superoxide ions O2- and releasing H2O2.	Superoxides	141-143	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	25-40
29524539-2	2018	Macrophage cells use the NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX2) enzymatic complex as a first line of defense against pathogens by generating superoxide ions O2- and releasing H2O2.	Superoxides	141-143	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	42-46
29709706-0	2018	Argirein alleviates vascular endothelial insulin resistance through suppressing the activation of Nox4-dependent O2- production in diabetic rats.	Superoxides	113-115	NADPH oxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	98-102
29709706-7	2018	We further found that argirein blocked the Nox4-dependent superoxide (O2-.)	Superoxides	58-68	NADPH oxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	43-47
29709706-7	2018	We further found that argirein blocked the Nox4-dependent superoxide (O2-.)	Superoxides	70-72	NADPH oxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	43-47
29718541-0	2018	Differential cell surface recruitment of the superoxide-producing NADPH oxidases Nox1, Nox2 and Nox5: The role of the small GTPase Sar1.	Superoxides	45-55	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	87-91
28888781-8	2018	Siglec-8-mediated ROS was generated through reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activation because pretreatment of eosinophils with catalase (an extracellular superoxide scavenger) or NSC 23766 (a Rac GTPase inhibitor) completely inhibited Siglec-8-mediated eosinophil apoptosis.	Superoxides	191-201	sialic acid binding Ig like lectin 8	Homo sapiens	0-8
29154191-5	2018	The involvement of CD11b in alpha-synuclein-induced activation of NOX2 was further confirmed in CD11b-/- microglia by showing reduced membrane translocation of NOX2 cytosolic subunit p47phox and superoxide production.	Superoxides	195-205	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	19-24
29154191-5	2018	The involvement of CD11b in alpha-synuclein-induced activation of NOX2 was further confirmed in CD11b-/- microglia by showing reduced membrane translocation of NOX2 cytosolic subunit p47phox and superoxide production.	Superoxides	195-205	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	66-70
29632528-9	2018	Additional mechanistic studies identified NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2) and intracellular superoxide anion as important players in DC macropinocytosis of antigens downstream of PKCdelta activation.	Superoxides	83-99	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	170-178
29670693-5	2018	Inhibitors of TrxR-1, which act through this mechanism, convert TrxR-1 into a SecTRAP, which utilizes NADPH to reduce oxygen to superoxide radical anion (O2- ).	Superoxides	128-152	thioredoxin reductase 1	Homo sapiens	14-20
29670693-5	2018	Inhibitors of TrxR-1, which act through this mechanism, convert TrxR-1 into a SecTRAP, which utilizes NADPH to reduce oxygen to superoxide radical anion (O2- ).	Superoxides	128-152	thioredoxin reductase 1	Homo sapiens	64-70
29098905-8	2018	It was found that supplementation of endothelial cells with 50 nM of DCP-AM2 completely normalised the mitochondrial superoxide level.	Superoxides	117-127	adrenomedullin 2	Mus musculus	73-76
29024093-4	2017	For CmO2+ , and AnO2+ beyond EsO2+ , the most stable structure has side-on bonded eta2 -(O2 ), as AnIII peroxides for An=Cm and Lr, and as AnII superoxides for An=Fm, Md, and No.	Superoxides	144-155	anoctamin 2	Homo sapiens	16-20
29024093-4	2017	For CmO2+ , and AnO2+ beyond EsO2+ , the most stable structure has side-on bonded eta2 -(O2 ), as AnIII peroxides for An=Cm and Lr, and as AnII superoxides for An=Fm, Md, and No.	Superoxides	144-155	cancer/testis antigen 2	Homo sapiens	29-33
28916473-7	2017	Interestingly after activation, NOX2-NIS3 cells exhibited superoxide overproduction compared with wild-type cells.	Superoxides	58-68	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	32-36
28916473-12	2017	Thus, the absence of Ser486 in NIS3 could explain the superoxide overproduction in the NOX2-NIS3 mutant.	Superoxides	54-64	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	87-91
28942246-16	2017	Taken together, these studies demonstrate that HNF1b plays an essential role in controlling hepatic TG homeostasis and insulin sensitivity by regulating DPP4/NOX1mediated generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	185-195	HNF1 homeobox B	Mus musculus	47-52
28303482-1	2017	BACKGROUND: Extracellular superoxide dismutase (ECSOD) protects nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability by decreasing superoxide levels and preventing peroxynitrite generation, which is important in maintaining renal blood flow and in preventing acute kidney injury.	Superoxides	26-36	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	48-53
28751023-12	2017	Collectively, these results suggest that LYCAT is a negative regulator of TGF-beta-induced lung fibroblast differentiation by modulation of mitochondrial superoxide and NOX4 dependent H2O2 generation, and this may serve as a potential therapeutic target for human lung fibrosis.	Superoxides	154-164	lysocardiolipin acyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	41-46
28842348-4	2017	The NADH-dependent generation of extracellular superoxide was prevented by knockdown of NDUFV-1, the first subunit of OXPHOS I receiving electrons from NADH and the NADH-improved insulin signaling was abolished by extracellular catalase.	Superoxides	47-57	NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit V1	Homo sapiens	88-95
27796749-9	2017	Most importantly, quercetin treatment prevented the toxic effects that are induced by H2O2 in hippocampal neurons and, to a lesser extent, the Abeta-induced toxicity that is associated with the superoxide anion, which is a precursor of ROS production in mitochondria.	Superoxides	194-210	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	143-148
29084841-1	2017	The superoxide-forming NADPH oxidase homologues, Nox1, Nox2, and Nox5, seem to mediate the pro-atherosclerotic vascular phenotype.	Superoxides	4-14	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	49-53
29084841-1	2017	The superoxide-forming NADPH oxidase homologues, Nox1, Nox2, and Nox5, seem to mediate the pro-atherosclerotic vascular phenotype.	Superoxides	4-14	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	55-59
28688986-6	2017	Several ideal compounds were manufactured and utilized that showed complete disproportionation of superoxide produced by the xanthine/xanthine oxidase reaction.	Superoxides	98-108	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	134-150
28544111-4	2017	Kallistatin blocked TNF-alpha-induced superoxide levels, NADPH oxidase activity, and microRNA-21 (miR-21) and p16INK4a synthesis.	Superoxides	38-48	serpin family A member 4	Homo sapiens	0-11
28544111-9	2017	Furthermore, kallistatin treatment reduced superoxide formation and prolonged wild-type C. elegans lifespan under oxidative or heat stress, although kallistatin"s protective effect was abolished in miR-34 or sir-2.1 (SIRT1 homolog) mutant C. elegans.	Superoxides	43-53	serpin family A member 4	Homo sapiens	13-24
28526768-9	2017	With respect to this last point, mAOX2 is the enzyme generating the largest rate of superoxide radicals of around 40% in relation to moles of substrate converted, and mAOX1, the homolog to the human enzyme, produces a rate of approximately 30% of superoxide radicals with the same substrate.	Superoxides	84-94	aldehyde oxidase 2	Mus musculus	33-38
28526768-9	2017	With respect to this last point, mAOX2 is the enzyme generating the largest rate of superoxide radicals of around 40% in relation to moles of substrate converted, and mAOX1, the homolog to the human enzyme, produces a rate of approximately 30% of superoxide radicals with the same substrate.	Superoxides	247-257	aldehyde oxidase 2	Mus musculus	33-38
28526768-9	2017	With respect to this last point, mAOX2 is the enzyme generating the largest rate of superoxide radicals of around 40% in relation to moles of substrate converted, and mAOX1, the homolog to the human enzyme, produces a rate of approximately 30% of superoxide radicals with the same substrate.	Superoxides	247-257	aldehyde oxidase 1	Mus musculus	167-172
28499910-0	2017	SPARC paucity alleviates superoxide-mediated oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy in diabetogenic hepatocytes.	Superoxides	25-35	secreted protein acidic and cysteine rich	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
28499910-6	2017	In addition, Nox4-dependent superoxide generation contributed to increased expression of SPARC, and this was inhibited by tiron and pharmacological or genetic inactivation of Nox4-containing NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	28-38	NADPH oxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	13-17
28499910-6	2017	In addition, Nox4-dependent superoxide generation contributed to increased expression of SPARC, and this was inhibited by tiron and pharmacological or genetic inactivation of Nox4-containing NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	28-38	secreted protein acidic and cysteine rich	Rattus norvegicus	89-94
28499910-6	2017	In addition, Nox4-dependent superoxide generation contributed to increased expression of SPARC, and this was inhibited by tiron and pharmacological or genetic inactivation of Nox4-containing NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	28-38	NADPH oxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	175-179
28499910-7	2017	Remarkably, SPARC deficiency inhibited diabetic stimuli-induced elevation of superoxide production and resolved salient features of hepatocyte damage such as impaired cytoprotection, inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy.	Superoxides	77-87	secreted protein acidic and cysteine rich	Rattus norvegicus	12-17
28499910-8	2017	At the same time, links between SPARC, integrin-beta1, Nox4-derived superoxide, and JNK signaling provide a basis for these phenotypes.	Superoxides	68-78	secreted protein acidic and cysteine rich	Rattus norvegicus	32-37
28499910-8	2017	At the same time, links between SPARC, integrin-beta1, Nox4-derived superoxide, and JNK signaling provide a basis for these phenotypes.	Superoxides	68-78	NADPH oxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	55-59
28263293-4	2017	AOPP challenge rapidly increased the production of intracellular superoxide by activation of NADPH oxidases, demonstrated by p47phox translocation and interaction with p22phox and gp91phox, and this in turn led to apoptosis.	Superoxides	65-75	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	180-188
28604608-4	2017	Non-lubricated Prg4-/- mouse cartilage shows caspase cascade activation caused by mitochondrial dysregulation, and significantly higher levels of peroxynitrite (ONOO- and -OH) and superoxide (O-2) compared to Prg4+/+ and Prg4+/- cartilage.	Superoxides	180-190	proteoglycan 4 (megakaryocyte stimulating factor, articular superficial zone protein)	Mus musculus	15-19
28604608-4	2017	Non-lubricated Prg4-/- mouse cartilage shows caspase cascade activation caused by mitochondrial dysregulation, and significantly higher levels of peroxynitrite (ONOO- and -OH) and superoxide (O-2) compared to Prg4+/+ and Prg4+/- cartilage.	Superoxides	192-195	proteoglycan 4 (megakaryocyte stimulating factor, articular superficial zone protein)	Mus musculus	15-19
28274989-5	2017	NADPH oxidase activators or ROS donors alone did not result in GM-CSF secretion; however, additional superoxide supply augmented MALP-2-induced GM-CSF secretion and restored GM-CSF levels after NADPH oxidase inhibition.	Superoxides	101-111	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	144-150
28274989-5	2017	NADPH oxidase activators or ROS donors alone did not result in GM-CSF secretion; however, additional superoxide supply augmented MALP-2-induced GM-CSF secretion and restored GM-CSF levels after NADPH oxidase inhibition.	Superoxides	101-111	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	144-150
28542246-0	2017	A drastic superoxide-dependent oxidative stress is prerequisite for the down-regulation of IRP1: Insights from studies on SOD1-deficient mice and macrophages treated with paraquat.	Superoxides	10-20	aconitase 1	Mus musculus	91-95
28542246-2	2017	Superoxide radical (O2.-) converts IRP1 from a [4Fe-4S] aconitase to a [3Fe-4S] "null" form possessing neither aconitase nor trans-regulatory activity.	Superoxides	0-18	aconitase 1	Mus musculus	35-39
28542246-2	2017	Superoxide radical (O2.-) converts IRP1 from a [4Fe-4S] aconitase to a [3Fe-4S] "null" form possessing neither aconitase nor trans-regulatory activity.	Superoxides	20-22	aconitase 1	Mus musculus	35-39
28542246-3	2017	Genetic ablation of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), an antioxidant enzyme that acts to reduce O2.- concentration, revealed a new O2.--dependent regulation of IRP1 leading to the reduction of IRP1 protein level and in consequence to the diminution of IRP1 enzymatic and IRE-binding activities.	Superoxides	93-95	aconitase 1	Mus musculus	157-161
28542246-3	2017	Genetic ablation of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), an antioxidant enzyme that acts to reduce O2.- concentration, revealed a new O2.--dependent regulation of IRP1 leading to the reduction of IRP1 protein level and in consequence to the diminution of IRP1 enzymatic and IRE-binding activities.	Superoxides	93-95	aconitase 1	Mus musculus	190-194
28542246-3	2017	Genetic ablation of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), an antioxidant enzyme that acts to reduce O2.- concentration, revealed a new O2.--dependent regulation of IRP1 leading to the reduction of IRP1 protein level and in consequence to the diminution of IRP1 enzymatic and IRE-binding activities.	Superoxides	93-95	aconitase 1	Mus musculus	190-194
28484701-13	2017	The results suggested that DUSP4 overexpression in cells decreases H/R-induced superoxide generation (1.56 +- 0.14 versus 1.19 +- 0.05) and thus reduces oxidant stress.	Superoxides	79-89	dual specificity phosphatase 4	Homo sapiens	27-32
28322326-3	2017	Here, we show superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1), an enzyme that converts superoxide into less toxic hydrogen peroxide and oxygen, functions in the gustatory neuron ASER to mediate C. elegans pathogen avoidance response.	Superoxides	14-24	Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Caenorhabditis elegans	38-43
28045936-9	2017	Diminished Trx2 and Prx3 expression was associated with accumulation of mitochondrial superoxide; however, only shRNA knockdown of Trx2 increased susceptibility to hyperoxic cell death and increased phosphorylation of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase-1 (ASK1).	Superoxides	86-96	peroxiredoxin 3	Homo sapiens	20-24
27380944-5	2016	Whilst, the exponential rise of O2(.-) is secondary to the focal accumulation of higher order lipid raft-Rac1/2-actin oligomers; O2(.-) mediated inactivation and redistribution of ECSOD, accounts for the minimal concentration of H2O2 that the phagocyte experiences.	Superoxides	32-34	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	105-109
27380944-5	2016	Whilst, the exponential rise of O2(.-) is secondary to the focal accumulation of higher order lipid raft-Rac1/2-actin oligomers; O2(.-) mediated inactivation and redistribution of ECSOD, accounts for the minimal concentration of H2O2 that the phagocyte experiences.	Superoxides	129-131	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	105-109
27245461-9	2016	EP4-receptor silencing in primary VSMCs abolished PGE2 inhibition of AngII-induced Nox2 mRNA and superoxide production.	Superoxides	97-107	prostaglandin E receptor 4 (subtype EP4)	Mus musculus	0-3
28721275-6	2016	Superoxide anion production increased in ACE2KO mice, with increased mRNA levels of NADPH oxidase subunit, p22phox, p40phox, p67phox, and gp91phox in the hippocampus of ACE2KO mice compared with WT mice.	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome b-245, alpha polypeptide	Mus musculus	107-114
27514574-3	2016	Cultured fibroblasts from PEX13-deficient mouse embryo displayed similar changes, as well as increased levels of mitochondrial superoxide and membrane depolarization; this phenotype was rescued by antioxidant treatment.	Superoxides	127-137	peroxisomal biogenesis factor 13	Mus musculus	26-31
27747304-0	2016	Superoxide anion scavenging activity of alk(en)yl phenol compounds by using PMS-NADH system.	Superoxides	0-16	ALK receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	40-43
27431988-8	2016	Using ROS probes and selective anti-oxidants, we have shown that H2O2 and O2 - induced by LA are key players for the decrease of beta1 and beta3 integrins, respectively.	Superoxides	67-69	UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens	129-144
27453505-6	2016	We treated neutrophils with extracellular superoxide and observed NET DNA release, histone H3 citrullination, and increased levels of MPO-DNA complexes occurring in a TLR-4 dependent manner.	Superoxides	42-52	myeloperoxidase	Mus musculus	134-137
32480511-6	2016	Additionally, proline biosynthesis Arabidopsis knockout (KO) mutant plants of Delta(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase1 (P5CS1) gene, designated as Atp5cs1-1 and Atp5cs1-4, showed similar protein nitration levels as wild-type plants under salinity-induced oxidative stress, despite mutants having higher levels of lipid oxidation, H2O2 and superoxide (O2 -).	Superoxides	343-353	delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	78-122
32480511-6	2016	Additionally, proline biosynthesis Arabidopsis knockout (KO) mutant plants of Delta(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase1 (P5CS1) gene, designated as Atp5cs1-1 and Atp5cs1-4, showed similar protein nitration levels as wild-type plants under salinity-induced oxidative stress, despite mutants having higher levels of lipid oxidation, H2O2 and superoxide (O2 -).	Superoxides	343-353	delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	124-129
27558335-7	2016	The robust ROS production is also called "the respiratory burst", and the NADPH oxidase or NOX2 is the enzyme responsible for the production of superoxide anion, leading to other ROS.	Superoxides	144-160	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	91-95
29938962-0	2016	Identification of Nef-HIV-1 domains involved in p22-phox interaction and superoxide production.	Superoxides	73-83	Nef	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	18-21
29938962-1	2016	Nef -HIV-1 has been shown to be involved in NADPH complex interaction and superoxide production.	Superoxides	74-84	Nef	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	0-3
27474077-0	2016	NADPH Oxidase-Derived Superoxide Provides a Third Signal for CD4 T Cell Effector Responses.	Superoxides	22-32	CD4 antigen	Mus musculus	61-64
27383660-4	2016	Once O2 (-) binds to Cu(II) (evident at 233 K), the first step of the catalytic cycle (Cu(II) + O2 (-)  Cu(I) + O2) does not follow but the second step (Cu(I) + O2 (-) + 2H(+)  H2O2 + Cu(II)) does follow.	Superoxides	5-7	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	87-114
26921441-3	2016	Lipidomic analysis indicated that G6PD inhibition and knockdown decreased 20-HETE levels in pulmonary arteries as well as 20-HETE-induced 1) mitochondrial superoxide production, 2) activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 and 3, 3) phosphorylation of ETS domain-containing protein Elk-1 that activate transcription of tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene (Tnfa), and 4) expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha).	Superoxides	155-165	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	34-38
26921441-4	2016	Moreover, inhibition of G6PD increased protein kinase G1alpha activity, which, at least partially, mitigated superoxide production and Elk-1 and TNF-alpha expression.	Superoxides	109-119	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	24-28
26921441-6	2016	In summary, our findings indicate that 20-HETE elicited mitochondrial superoxide production and promoted secretory phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells by activating MAPK1-Elk-1, all of which are blocked by inhibition of G6PD.	Superoxides	70-80	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	226-230
26898501-10	2016	One-electron juglone reduction by TrxR1 producing superoxide should furthermore contribute to the well-known prooxidant cytotoxicity of juglone.	Superoxides	50-60	thioredoxin reductase 1	Homo sapiens	34-39
27335564-7	2016	Moreover, cyanidin markedly protected PC12 cells from Abeta-induced DNA damage by blocking reactive oxide species and superoxide accumulation.	Superoxides	118-128	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	54-59
26869262-1	2016	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is believed to enhance abiotic stress resistance by converting superoxide radical (O2 (-)) to H2O2 to lower ROS level and maintain redox homeostasis.	Superoxides	90-108	SOD	Triticum aestivum	0-20
26869262-1	2016	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is believed to enhance abiotic stress resistance by converting superoxide radical (O2 (-)) to H2O2 to lower ROS level and maintain redox homeostasis.	Superoxides	90-108	SOD	Triticum aestivum	22-25
26869262-1	2016	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is believed to enhance abiotic stress resistance by converting superoxide radical (O2 (-)) to H2O2 to lower ROS level and maintain redox homeostasis.	Superoxides	110-112	SOD	Triticum aestivum	0-20
26869262-1	2016	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is believed to enhance abiotic stress resistance by converting superoxide radical (O2 (-)) to H2O2 to lower ROS level and maintain redox homeostasis.	Superoxides	110-112	SOD	Triticum aestivum	22-25
27148058-4	2016	Both in I/R rats and hypoxia/reoxygenation H9C2 cells, ALDH2 activation suppressed phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1)/Parkin expression, regulating mitophagy, by preventing 4-hydroxynonenal, reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial superoxide accumulation.	Superoxides	263-273	PTEN induced kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	83-139
27148058-4	2016	Both in I/R rats and hypoxia/reoxygenation H9C2 cells, ALDH2 activation suppressed phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1)/Parkin expression, regulating mitophagy, by preventing 4-hydroxynonenal, reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial superoxide accumulation.	Superoxides	263-273	PTEN induced kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	141-146
26769958-8	2016	The superoxide anion scavenger decreased hypoxia-induced Fas ligand, Fas death receptors, Fas-associated death domain (FADD), activated caspase-8, and activated caspase-3 (Fas-dependent apoptotic pathway) as well as Bad, activated caspase-9 and activated caspase-3 (mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway), endonuclease G (EndoG), apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), and TUNEL-positive apoptosis.	Superoxides	4-20	caspase 8	Rattus norvegicus	136-145
26840531-5	2016	Moreover, Tf-NGO@HPIP effectively induced cancer-cell apoptosis through activation of superoxide-mediated p53 and MAPK pathways along with inactivation of ERK and AKT.	Superoxides	86-96	PBX homeobox interacting protein 1	Homo sapiens	17-21
26980705-5	2016	However, such HFD-induced increases in Asm activity, ceramide production, colocalization of Nlrp3 with ASC or Caspase-1, superoxide (O(2 -)) production was attenuated in Asm(-/-) or Asm shRNA-transfected wild-type mice.	Superoxides	121-131	sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1, acid lysosomal	Mus musculus	170-173
26980705-5	2016	However, such HFD-induced increases in Asm activity, ceramide production, colocalization of Nlrp3 with ASC or Caspase-1, superoxide (O(2 -)) production was attenuated in Asm(-/-) or Asm shRNA-transfected wild-type mice.	Superoxides	121-131	sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1, acid lysosomal	Mus musculus	170-173
26980705-5	2016	However, such HFD-induced increases in Asm activity, ceramide production, colocalization of Nlrp3 with ASC or Caspase-1, superoxide (O(2 -)) production was attenuated in Asm(-/-) or Asm shRNA-transfected wild-type mice.	Superoxides	133-140	sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1, acid lysosomal	Mus musculus	170-173
26980705-5	2016	However, such HFD-induced increases in Asm activity, ceramide production, colocalization of Nlrp3 with ASC or Caspase-1, superoxide (O(2 -)) production was attenuated in Asm(-/-) or Asm shRNA-transfected wild-type mice.	Superoxides	133-140	sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1, acid lysosomal	Mus musculus	170-173
26905073-6	2016	It is shown that the activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in tumor tissue correlate with the superoxide radicals generation rate and NO levels (r = 0.48/0.67, p &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	84-103	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	43-48
26264876-3	2016	Cells pretreated with MnTBAP, a superoxide scavenger not only lowered superoxide production, but also had lower levels of LC3-II and Beclin-1.	Superoxides	32-42	beclin 1	Homo sapiens	133-141
26928315-11	2016	In conclusion, NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide elevated expression of MMP-9, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1, and these interactions can finally result in increases of BBB permeability in MOG35-55+CFA+PTX-exposed endothelial cells.	Superoxides	37-47	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	71-76
26928315-11	2016	In conclusion, NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide elevated expression of MMP-9, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1, and these interactions can finally result in increases of BBB permeability in MOG35-55+CFA+PTX-exposed endothelial cells.	Superoxides	37-47	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	78-84
27031716-11	2016	Upon combined use of L-Arg and SoQ10, superoxide radicals and NO form the redox state that causes decrease of MMP-2, -9 activities with consequent inhibition of tumor invasion and metastasis.	Superoxides	38-48	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Mus musculus	110-115
26739550-1	2016	Xanthine oxidase (XO) is one of the major enzymes to generate superoxide anion (O2(-)), that is frequently associated with various diseases involving reactive oxygen species (ROS).	Superoxides	62-78	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	0-16
26739550-1	2016	Xanthine oxidase (XO) is one of the major enzymes to generate superoxide anion (O2(-)), that is frequently associated with various diseases involving reactive oxygen species (ROS).	Superoxides	62-78	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	18-20
26739550-1	2016	Xanthine oxidase (XO) is one of the major enzymes to generate superoxide anion (O2(-)), that is frequently associated with various diseases involving reactive oxygen species (ROS).	Superoxides	80-82	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	0-16
26739550-1	2016	Xanthine oxidase (XO) is one of the major enzymes to generate superoxide anion (O2(-)), that is frequently associated with various diseases involving reactive oxygen species (ROS).	Superoxides	80-82	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	18-20
26768586-7	2016	Over-expression of NOX4 or p66(shc) suppressed the inhibitory effects of GB on superoxide generation and the protective effects of GB on loss of cell viability and apoptosis associated with cisplatin.	Superoxides	79-89	SHC adaptor protein 1	Homo sapiens	31-34
28132468-7	2016	It was found that some mutations in cytochrome b influence the movement of ISP and, in consequence, the levels of superoxide generation.	Superoxides	114-124	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	36-48
26646468-4	2015	The molecular oxygen activation process could generate superoxide anions to accelerate the Fe(II)/Fe(III) cycle on the syn-FeS2 surface, which favored the H2O2 decomposition to generate more hydroxyl radicals for the alachlor oxidation.	Superoxides	55-72	synemin	Homo sapiens	119-122
26630486-7	2015	Increasing VDE expression in eto1-1 and ctr1-3 restored light-activated de-epoxidation and qE, reduced superoxide production and reduced photoinhibition.	Superoxides	103-113	tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR)-containing protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	29-35
26331430-11	2015	Production of O2(-) was greater in aging WT mice than young or aging PARP-1(-/-) mice.	Superoxides	14-16	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 1	Mus musculus	69-75
26456056-5	2015	The addition of Hsp90 alone only modestly increases Nox5 enzyme activity but in combination with the co-chaperones, Hsp70, HOP, Hsp40, and p23 it robustly stimulated superoxide, but not hydrogen peroxide, production.	Superoxides	166-176	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 4	Homo sapiens	116-121
26456836-11	2015	Curcumin also inhibited superoxide anion-induced leukocyte recruitment in the peritoneal cavity and in the paw skin inhibited myeloperoxidase activity, oxidative stress, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha production and NF-kappaB activation as well as enhanced IL-10 production, and HO-1 and Nrf2 mRNA expression.	Superoxides	24-40	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	249-254
26177467-9	2015	Silencing of the superoxide-generating NOX2 NADPH oxidase expressed in breast cancer cells resulted in the significant reduction of IKKepsilon expression.	Superoxides	17-27	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	39-43
26206339-6	2015	It is known that greater eNOS monomers than dimers implies the inability of eNOS to produce NO leading to superoxide production and endothelial/vascular barrier dysfunction.	Superoxides	106-116	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	25-29
26206339-6	2015	It is known that greater eNOS monomers than dimers implies the inability of eNOS to produce NO leading to superoxide production and endothelial/vascular barrier dysfunction.	Superoxides	106-116	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	76-80
26198639-6	2015	Herein we demonstrate that a metabolic shift toward the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is necessary for NET release because glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), an important enzyme from PPP, fuels NADPH oxidase with NADPH to produce superoxide and thus induce NETs.	Superoxides	239-249	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	125-158
26198639-6	2015	Herein we demonstrate that a metabolic shift toward the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is necessary for NET release because glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), an important enzyme from PPP, fuels NADPH oxidase with NADPH to produce superoxide and thus induce NETs.	Superoxides	239-249	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	160-164
25764338-5	2015	There was decrease in mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activity in arsenic-treated rat brain further showing increased superoxide radical generation in mitochondria.	Superoxides	129-147	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	22-56
25764338-5	2015	There was decrease in mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activity in arsenic-treated rat brain further showing increased superoxide radical generation in mitochondria.	Superoxides	129-147	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	58-63
25951298-1	2015	Activation of the phagocytic NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX-2) in neutrophils is a critical process in the innate immune system and is associated with elevated local concentrations of superoxide, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hypochlorous acid.	Superoxides	174-184	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	29-44
25951298-1	2015	Activation of the phagocytic NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX-2) in neutrophils is a critical process in the innate immune system and is associated with elevated local concentrations of superoxide, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hypochlorous acid.	Superoxides	174-184	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	46-51
25752509-1	2015	The human CYBB gene encodes the gp91-phox component of the phagocyte oxidase enzyme complex, which is responsible for generating superoxide and other downstream reactive oxygen species essential to microbial killing.	Superoxides	129-139	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	10-14
26317224-1	2015	BACKGROUND: The cytokine and drug interferon-gamma enhances superoxide anion production by the antimicrobicidal Nox2 enzyme of neutrophils.	Superoxides	60-76	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	112-116
26317224-4	2015	Interferon-gamma was found to enhance superoxide production by Nox2 in a concentration dependent manner.	Superoxides	38-48	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	63-67
26032259-11	2015	SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrates that exogenous testosterone supplementation protects cardiac myocytes from superoxide injury via AR mediation and dependent on normally functional canonical NF-kappaB (RelA/p50) signalling pathways.	Superoxides	113-123	androgen receptor	Rattus norvegicus	135-137
26013064-3	2015	Impurities include residual protons and protic compounds that can react with oxygen species, such as the superoxide (O2 (-) ), a reactive, one-electron reduction product of oxygen.	Superoxides	105-115	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	117-123
26236095-3	2015	MnSOD scavenges superoxide anions generated from mitochondria and is an important regulator of cellular redox status.	Superoxides	16-33	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
25663126-1	2015	Heme-containing catalases and catalase-peroxidases catalyze the dismutation of hydrogen peroxide as their predominant catalytic activity, but in addition, individual enzymes support low levels of peroxidase and oxidase activities, produce superoxide, and activate isoniazid as an antitubercular drug.	Superoxides	239-249	AKO65_RS18850	Bacillus pumilus	16-24
25874999-0	2015	Correction: Ras and Rac1, frequently mutated in melanomas, are activated by superoxide anion, modulate Dnmt1 level and are causally related to melanocyte malignant transformation.	Superoxides	76-92	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	20-24
25874999-0	2015	Correction: Ras and Rac1, frequently mutated in melanomas, are activated by superoxide anion, modulate Dnmt1 level and are causally related to melanocyte malignant transformation.	Superoxides	76-92	DNA methyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	103-108
25410532-5	2015	beta-HB pretreatment also relieves the oxidative stress in Abeta-induced PC-12 cells, as shown by decreased intracellular reactive oxygen species and Ca(2+) levels, activated Nrf2 and recovered superoxide dismutase and catalase activities.	Superoxides	194-204	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	59-64
25465055-2	2015	NOX2 being a multi-enzyme component is activated during host defense in phagocytes such as microglia, to catalyze the production of superoxide from oxygen, while ROCK is an important mediator of fundamental cell processes like adhesion, proliferation and migration.	Superoxides	132-142	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	0-4
26155184-11	2015	CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that IFN-gamma treatment may increase the oxidative bursting activity by increasing the superoxide production in neutrophils, particularly in gp91phox subtype.	Superoxides	118-128	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	172-180
25341795-4	2014	In K14-IL-17A(ind/+) mice, immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry revealed increased vascular production of the nitric oxide/superoxide reaction product peroxynitrite and infiltration of the vasculature with myeloperoxidase(+)CD11b(+)GR1(+)F4/80(-) cells accompanied by increased expression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase and the nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, nox2.	Superoxides	126-136	interleukin 17A	Mus musculus	7-13
25242205-8	2014	On the other hand, intracellular DAFT formation stimulated by a fixed flux of xanthine oxidase-derived extracellular O2(-) that also occurs by nitrosation and oxidative nitrosylation increased, peaked, and then decreased with increasing NO, as previously observed.	Superoxides	117-119	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	78-94
24382195-7	2014	In contrast, young ccp1(W191F) cells accumulate little H2O2, possess depressed Sod2 activity, enabling their O2( -) level to spike and deactivate aconitase, which, ultimately, leads to greater mitochondrial oxidative damage, early GSH depletion, and a shorter lifespan than wild-type cells.	Superoxides	57-59	cytochrome-c peroxidase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	19-23
24754522-4	2014	After CS+WR, the liver endothelium exhibited accumulation of superoxide anion (O2-) and diminished levels of nitric oxide (NO); these detrimental effects were prevented by rMnSOD.	Superoxides	61-77	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	172-178
24754522-4	2014	After CS+WR, the liver endothelium exhibited accumulation of superoxide anion (O2-) and diminished levels of nitric oxide (NO); these detrimental effects were prevented by rMnSOD.	Superoxides	79-81	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	172-178
24827527-4	2014	Cytochrome b, the core protein of the bc1 complex is a major source of superoxide.	Superoxides	71-81	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	0-12
24929065-10	2014	Increasing generation of superoxide radicals visualized by hydroethidine was noted at P8 and reached a peak at P14.	Superoxides	25-35	S100 calcium binding protein A9 (calgranulin B)	Mus musculus	111-114
25318172-5	2014	SOD activity increment could be caused by heterologous cytochrome P450(scc) activity which resulted in the superoxide radical formation.	Superoxides	107-117	SCC	Bos taurus	71-74
24948357-4	2014	Nuclear translocation of AIF and EndoG was accompanied by low levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increased mitochondrial production of superoxide.	Superoxides	144-154	apoptosis inducing factor mitochondria associated 1	Homo sapiens	25-28
24948357-4	2014	Nuclear translocation of AIF and EndoG was accompanied by low levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increased mitochondrial production of superoxide.	Superoxides	144-154	endonuclease G	Homo sapiens	33-38
24727558-7	2014	In addition, compared to Quercetin, the tested synthetic product reveals a relatively-strong antiradical activity towards the DPPH (activity percentage of 81.22%) free radicals and significantly decreased the reactive oxygen species such as (O2(-)) formation evaluated by the non-enzymatic (nitroblue tetrazolium/riboflavine) and the enzymatic (xanthine/xanthine oxidase) systems.	Superoxides	242-247	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	354-370
24608027-3	2014	In vitro antioxidant assays showed that the polysaccharides HLP possessed significant inhibitory effects on superoxide radical.	Superoxides	108-126	HLP	Homo sapiens	60-63
24561578-4	2014	Further, oxLDL induced Nox2/superoxide-dependent TRAF3IP2 expression, IKK/p65 and JNK/c-Jun activation, and LOX-1 upregulation, suggesting a reinforcing mechanism.	Superoxides	28-38	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	23-27
24561578-4	2014	Further, oxLDL induced Nox2/superoxide-dependent TRAF3IP2 expression, IKK/p65 and JNK/c-Jun activation, and LOX-1 upregulation, suggesting a reinforcing mechanism.	Superoxides	28-38	TRAF3 interacting protein 2	Homo sapiens	49-57
24561578-4	2014	Further, oxLDL induced Nox2/superoxide-dependent TRAF3IP2 expression, IKK/p65 and JNK/c-Jun activation, and LOX-1 upregulation, suggesting a reinforcing mechanism.	Superoxides	28-38	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	86-91
24152968-6	2014	Increased glomerular superoxide, upregulated renal NAD(P)H oxidase, and reduced renal cAMP and protein kinase A (PKA) activity were noted in the Glp1r knockout C57BL/6-Akita mice.	Superoxides	21-31	glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor	Mus musculus	145-150
24152968-7	2014	Treatment with the GLP-1R agonist liraglutide suppressed the progression of nephropathy in KK/Ta-Akita mice, as demonstrated by reduced albuminuria and mesangial expansion, decreased levels of glomerular superoxide and renal NAD(P)H oxidase, and elevated renal cAMP and PKA activity.	Superoxides	204-214	glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor	Mus musculus	19-25
24877125-6	2014	We found that endothelial AT1-activated NAD(P)H oxidase-driven generation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in diabetic rat carotid impairs ACE2-angiotensin-(1-7)-Mas axis functionality, which reduces carotid flow.	Superoxides	77-87	angiotensin I converting enzyme 2	Rattus norvegicus	142-146
24877125-7	2014	In this mechanism, hydrogen peroxide derived from superoxide dismutation inhibits ACE2 activity in generating angiotensin-(1-7) seemingly by activating I(Cl,SWELL0, while superoxide inhibits the nitrergic Mas-mediated vasorelaxation evoked by angiotensin-(1-7).	Superoxides	50-60	angiotensin I converting enzyme 2	Rattus norvegicus	82-86
24877125-7	2014	In this mechanism, hydrogen peroxide derived from superoxide dismutation inhibits ACE2 activity in generating angiotensin-(1-7) seemingly by activating I(Cl,SWELL0, while superoxide inhibits the nitrergic Mas-mediated vasorelaxation evoked by angiotensin-(1-7).	Superoxides	171-181	angiotensin I converting enzyme 2	Rattus norvegicus	82-86
24881668-0	2014	Ferric human neuroglobin scavenges superoxide to form oxy adduct.	Superoxides	35-45	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	13-24
24881668-3	2014	In order to clarify functions under hypoxic condition, in this study, we focused on the scavenger activity of human Ngb (hNgb) against superoxide.	Superoxides	135-145	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	116-119
24881668-3	2014	In order to clarify functions under hypoxic condition, in this study, we focused on the scavenger activity of human Ngb (hNgb) against superoxide.	Superoxides	135-145	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	121-125
24881668-4	2014	The activity of hNgb for superoxide was evaluated to be 7.4 microM for IC50, the half maximal inhibitory concentration.	Superoxides	25-35	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	16-20
24881668-6	2014	In addition, we characterized oxidation states of a heme iron in superoxide-treated hNgb with spectroscopic measurements.	Superoxides	65-75	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	84-88
24881668-7	2014	Superoxide-treated hNgb in the ferric form was readily converted to the oxygenated ferrous form, and the result suggested that ferric hNgb could scavenge superoxide by change of an oxidation state in a heme iron.	Superoxides	0-10	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	19-23
24881668-7	2014	Superoxide-treated hNgb in the ferric form was readily converted to the oxygenated ferrous form, and the result suggested that ferric hNgb could scavenge superoxide by change of an oxidation state in a heme iron.	Superoxides	0-10	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	134-138
24881668-7	2014	Superoxide-treated hNgb in the ferric form was readily converted to the oxygenated ferrous form, and the result suggested that ferric hNgb could scavenge superoxide by change of an oxidation state in a heme iron.	Superoxides	154-164	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	19-23
24881668-7	2014	Superoxide-treated hNgb in the ferric form was readily converted to the oxygenated ferrous form, and the result suggested that ferric hNgb could scavenge superoxide by change of an oxidation state in a heme iron.	Superoxides	154-164	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	134-138
23875703-8	2014	Losartan-induced up-regulation of HIF-1alpha and Wnt/beta-catenin signalling was associated with the recovery of IR-inhibited hepatic Bcl-2, Mn-SOD (manganese superoxide), Cu/Zn-SOD (copper/zinc superoxide) and GSH levels, and the suppression of IR-increased hepatic catalase and caspase 3/caspase 8 levels in MCD/HF-NASH rats.	Superoxides	159-169	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	34-44
26180524-7	2014	Once this was determined, electron spin resonance (ESR) spin trapping was used to detect and measure hydroxyl or superoxide radicals in.	Superoxides	113-132	spindlin 1	Mus musculus	56-60
26180524-8	2014	Fenton chemistry was utilized for production of hydroxyl radicals and a xanthine/xanthine oxidase reaction for the production of superoxide radicals in the diet and in RAW 264.7 mouse peritoneal monocytes exposed to the diet.	Superoxides	129-148	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	81-97
24148796-5	2014	Furthermore, the relatively lower superoxide radical (O2( -)) and H2O2 levels in the sense plants were considered to be due to the higher ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, which seemed unlikely dependent on their transcription level.	Superoxides	34-52	cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase 2	Solanum lycopersicum	138-158
24148796-5	2014	Furthermore, the relatively lower superoxide radical (O2( -)) and H2O2 levels in the sense plants were considered to be due to the higher ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, which seemed unlikely dependent on their transcription level.	Superoxides	34-52	cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase 2	Solanum lycopersicum	160-163
24148796-5	2014	Furthermore, the relatively lower superoxide radical (O2( -)) and H2O2 levels in the sense plants were considered to be due to the higher ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, which seemed unlikely dependent on their transcription level.	Superoxides	54-56	cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase 2	Solanum lycopersicum	138-158
24148796-5	2014	Furthermore, the relatively lower superoxide radical (O2( -)) and H2O2 levels in the sense plants were considered to be due to the higher ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, which seemed unlikely dependent on their transcription level.	Superoxides	54-56	cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase 2	Solanum lycopersicum	160-163
24504963-1	2014	The superoxide (O2 ( -))-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes comprises a membrane-imbedded heterodimeric flavocytochrome, known as cytochrome b 558 (consisting of Nox2 and p22 (phox) ) and four cytosolic regulatory proteins, p47 (phox) , p67 (phox) , p40 (phox) , and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	4-14	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	142-154
24504963-1	2014	The superoxide (O2 ( -))-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes comprises a membrane-imbedded heterodimeric flavocytochrome, known as cytochrome b 558 (consisting of Nox2 and p22 (phox) ) and four cytosolic regulatory proteins, p47 (phox) , p67 (phox) , p40 (phox) , and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	4-14	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	174-178
25462061-1	2014	The NADPH oxidase Nox2, a multi-subunit enzyme complex comprising membrane and cytosolic proteins, catalyzes a very intense production of superoxide ions O2( -), which are transformed into other reactive oxygen species (ROS).	Superoxides	138-148	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	18-22
25462061-1	2014	The NADPH oxidase Nox2, a multi-subunit enzyme complex comprising membrane and cytosolic proteins, catalyzes a very intense production of superoxide ions O2( -), which are transformed into other reactive oxygen species (ROS).	Superoxides	154-156	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	18-22
23706097-12	2013	CONCLUSION: In contrast to hypoxia-induced PH, Nox1 but not Nox4 is responsible for pathophysiological proliferation and migration of PASMC in an inflammatory model of MCT-induced PH via increased superoxide production.	Superoxides	197-207	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	47-51
24227736-4	2013	Siglec-E on microglia inhibited phagocytosis of neural debris and prevented the production of superoxide radicals induced by challenge with neural debris.	Superoxides	94-104	sialic acid binding Ig-like lectin E	Mus musculus	0-8
24046361-4	2013	In mice, the mutational inactivation of Sesn2 prevents the development of cigarette-smoke-induced pulmonary emphysema by upregulating PDGFRbeta expression via a selective accumulation of intracellular superoxide anions (O2(-)).	Superoxides	201-218	sestrin 2	Mus musculus	40-45
24046361-4	2013	In mice, the mutational inactivation of Sesn2 prevents the development of cigarette-smoke-induced pulmonary emphysema by upregulating PDGFRbeta expression via a selective accumulation of intracellular superoxide anions (O2(-)).	Superoxides	220-222	sestrin 2	Mus musculus	40-45
23792701-6	2013	Rac1 belongs to the Rho GTPases of the Ras protein superfamily involved in the regulation of multiple cell functions, including cell proliferation, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, degranulation, and superoxide production.	Superoxides	193-203	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
24060804-9	2013	These results suggest that elevated NF-kappaB, c-fos and RAR-alpha expressions and MMP-9 activity in the SHR are superoxide-dependent.	Superoxides	113-123	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	47-52
24060804-9	2013	These results suggest that elevated NF-kappaB, c-fos and RAR-alpha expressions and MMP-9 activity in the SHR are superoxide-dependent.	Superoxides	113-123	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Rattus norvegicus	83-88
23722270-13	2013	Transfection of a microRNA-25 mimic into primary cardiomyocytes decreased superoxide production, while a microRNA-25 inhibitor resulted in an up-regulation of NOX4 protein and an increase in oxidative stress that was attenuated by the NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium.	Superoxides	74-84	microRNA 25	Rattus norvegicus	18-29
23940720-3	2013	Recent studies have shown that CD38 may sense redox signals and is thereby activated to produce cellular response and that the NADPH oxidase isoform, NOX1, is a major resource to produce superoxide (O2 -)) in coronary arterial myocytes (CAMs) in response to muscarinic receptor agonist, which uses CD38-ADP-ribosylcyclase signaling pathway to exert its action in these CAMs.	Superoxides	187-197	CD38 antigen	Mus musculus	31-35
23940720-3	2013	Recent studies have shown that CD38 may sense redox signals and is thereby activated to produce cellular response and that the NADPH oxidase isoform, NOX1, is a major resource to produce superoxide (O2 -)) in coronary arterial myocytes (CAMs) in response to muscarinic receptor agonist, which uses CD38-ADP-ribosylcyclase signaling pathway to exert its action in these CAMs.	Superoxides	187-197	CD38 antigen	Mus musculus	298-302
23940720-3	2013	Recent studies have shown that CD38 may sense redox signals and is thereby activated to produce cellular response and that the NADPH oxidase isoform, NOX1, is a major resource to produce superoxide (O2 -)) in coronary arterial myocytes (CAMs) in response to muscarinic receptor agonist, which uses CD38-ADP-ribosylcyclase signaling pathway to exert its action in these CAMs.	Superoxides	199-201	CD38 antigen	Mus musculus	31-35
23940720-3	2013	Recent studies have shown that CD38 may sense redox signals and is thereby activated to produce cellular response and that the NADPH oxidase isoform, NOX1, is a major resource to produce superoxide (O2 -)) in coronary arterial myocytes (CAMs) in response to muscarinic receptor agonist, which uses CD38-ADP-ribosylcyclase signaling pathway to exert its action in these CAMs.	Superoxides	199-201	CD38 antigen	Mus musculus	298-302
23576605-0	2013	Angiotensin II slow-pressor hypertension enhances NMDA currents and NOX2-dependent superoxide production in hypothalamic paraventricular neurons.	Superoxides	83-93	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	68-72
23641059-4	2013	Superoxide production by a model bacterium within the ubiquitous Roseobacter clade involves an extracellular oxidoreductase that is stimulated by the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), suggesting a surprising homology with eukaryotic organisms.	Superoxides	0-10	thioredoxin reductase 1	Homo sapiens	109-123
23474128-0	2013	K-ras 4A and 4B mRNA levels correlate with superoxide in lung adenocarcinoma cells, while at the protein level, only mutant K-ras 4A protein correlates with superoxide.	Superoxides	43-53	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	0-8
23474128-5	2013	In cell lines with mutant K-ras, but not those with wildtype K-ras, the K-ras 4A protein had a strong positive correlation with levels of cellular superoxide.	Superoxides	147-157	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	26-31
23474128-5	2013	In cell lines with mutant K-ras, but not those with wildtype K-ras, the K-ras 4A protein had a strong positive correlation with levels of cellular superoxide.	Superoxides	147-157	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	72-80
23474128-8	2013	However, decreasing cellular superoxide with the scavenger Tiron tended to reduce levels of K-ras 4A protein.	Superoxides	29-39	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	92-100
23474128-11	2013	K-ras 4A mRNA also correlated with superoxide, but with no difference between cell lines with mutant or wildtype K-ras.	Superoxides	35-45	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	0-8
23474128-11	2013	K-ras 4A mRNA also correlated with superoxide, but with no difference between cell lines with mutant or wildtype K-ras.	Superoxides	35-45	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	0-5
23474128-12	2013	K-ras 4B mRNA correlated with 4A mRNA and with superoxide, in both K-ras mutant and wildtype cells.	Superoxides	47-57	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	0-8
23474128-12	2013	K-ras 4B mRNA correlated with 4A mRNA and with superoxide, in both K-ras mutant and wildtype cells.	Superoxides	47-57	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	0-5
23474128-13	2013	The results are consistent with superoxide directly or indirectly up-regulating expression of all K-ras genes, and also increasing the stability of K-ras 4A mutant protein selectively.	Superoxides	32-42	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	98-103
23474128-13	2013	The results are consistent with superoxide directly or indirectly up-regulating expression of all K-ras genes, and also increasing the stability of K-ras 4A mutant protein selectively.	Superoxides	32-42	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	148-156
23444014-10	2013	Scavenging of both superoxide and hydrogen peroxide inhibited TRPA1 activation following mitochondrial modulation.	Superoxides	19-29	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily A, member 1	Mus musculus	62-67
23238663-6	2013	RESULTS: The n-3 PUFA supplementation reduced 8-isoprostane and superoxide levels in platelets from T2DM HT, but not HT alone, participants, without effect on nitrite production.	Superoxides	64-74	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	17-21
23250359-7	2013	WAT from Ang 1-7-treated rats showed reduced NADPH-stimulated superoxide production.	Superoxides	62-72	angiogenin	Rattus norvegicus	9-14
23271050-15	2013	TRPV1-KO mice showed impaired myeloperoxidase release, whereas TRPA1-KO mice exhibited diminished production of superoxide.	Superoxides	112-122	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily A, member 1	Mus musculus	63-68
23261940-10	2013	These results provide the first evidence that plasma from PE generates superoxide via a LOX1-NOX2-mediated pathway and downregulates endothelial KCa3.1, which may contribute to endothelial dysfunction and vasculopathy in preeclampsia.	Superoxides	71-81	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	93-97
23830406-3	2013	In the thick ascending limb (TAL) ADH increases transport via cAMP, while Ang II acts via superoxide (O2-).	Superoxides	90-100	angiogenin	Rattus norvegicus	74-77
23295407-12	2013	CONCLUSION: Melatonin inhibits PKC-alpha to increase cationic amino acid transporter-1 (CAT-1)-mediated L-arginine uptake in BDL liver, whereas it inhibits PKC-beta to reduce NADPH-dependent superoxide production.	Superoxides	191-201	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	31-40
6771758-1	1980	Much evidence now suggests that superoxide dismutase (superoxide:superoxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.15.1.1) may be a major intracellular protective enzyme against oxygen toxicity by catalyzing the removal of the superoxide radical.	Superoxides	209-227	thioredoxin reductase 1	Homo sapiens	76-90
33879840-6	2021	TMZ treatment induced intracellular ROS accumulation in U87 and U251 cells via enhancing mitochondrial superoxide, which not only contributed to DNA DSBs and exacerbated mitochondrial dysfunction, but also upregulated FOXO3a expression.	Superoxides	103-113	small nucleolar RNA, C/D box 87	Homo sapiens	56-59
33929390-5	2021	The cell apoptosis rate and the expression of the superoxide anion 3-nitrotyrosine were decreased in the Ang (1-7) group in vitro and in vivo.	Superoxides	50-66	angiogenin	Rattus norvegicus	105-113
33290831-0	2021	Mitochondrial protein adduct and superoxide generation are prerequisites for early activation of c-jun N-terminal kinase within the cytosol after an acetaminophen overdose in mice.	Superoxides	33-43	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	97-120
33290831-4	2021	Cytosolic JNK activation was only evident at 60 min, and was significantly attenuated by scavenging superoxide specifically in the cytosol by TEMPO treatment.	Superoxides	100-110	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	10-13
33290831-7	2021	Inhibitor studies identified the putative source of mitochondrial superoxide as complex III, which released superoxide towards the intermembrane space after APAP resulting in activation of JNK in the cytosol.	Superoxides	66-76	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	189-192
33290831-7	2021	Inhibitor studies identified the putative source of mitochondrial superoxide as complex III, which released superoxide towards the intermembrane space after APAP resulting in activation of JNK in the cytosol.	Superoxides	108-118	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	189-192
33716707-5	2021	In the present study, we demonstrated that treatment with exogenous alpha-Syn triggers mitochondrial dysfunction, reflected by the depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane, elevated synthesis of the mitochondrial superoxide anion, and a decrease in cellular ATP level.	Superoxides	217-233	synemin	Homo sapiens	74-77
33503855-1	2021	Macrophages and related tissue macrophage populations use the classical NADPH oxidase (NOX2) for the regulated production of superoxide and derived oxidants for pathogen combat and redox signaling.	Superoxides	125-135	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	87-91
33070664-12	2020	Superoxide generation was attenuated by olmesartan and Ang (1-7) and was blunted in the presence of A-779.	Superoxides	0-10	angiogenin	Rattus norvegicus	55-63
32886146-11	2020	In mice, the absence of ST2 prevented mechanical pain, knee joint edema, neutrophil recruitment to the knee joint, and lowered IL-1beta and superoxide anion levels.	Superoxides	140-156	interleukin 1 receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	24-27
32758662-4	2020	Superoxide is produced by the phagocyte NADPH oxidase, a complex enzyme composed of two membrane subunits, gp91phox or NOX2 and p22phox, and four cytosolic components p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and Rac2.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	107-115
32758662-4	2020	Superoxide is produced by the phagocyte NADPH oxidase, a complex enzyme composed of two membrane subunits, gp91phox or NOX2 and p22phox, and four cytosolic components p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and Rac2.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	119-123
32758662-4	2020	Superoxide is produced by the phagocyte NADPH oxidase, a complex enzyme composed of two membrane subunits, gp91phox or NOX2 and p22phox, and four cytosolic components p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and Rac2.	Superoxides	0-10	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	167-174
33262939-9	2020	rSCC-61 MTHFD2 knockdown cells irradiated and treated with beta-lapachone showed increased PARP1 activation, inhibition of mitochondrial respiration, decreased respiration-linked ATP production, and increased mitochondrial superoxide and protein oxidation as compared to control rSCC-61 scrambled shRNA.	Superoxides	223-233	methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+ dependent) 2, methenyltetrahydrofolate cyclohydrolase	Homo sapiens	8-14
32940351-10	2020	Moreover, the RAFF pretreatment also significantly decreased the liver malondialdehyde activity and prevented the CCl4 -induced decrease in liver superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and reduced glutathione levels.	Superoxides	146-156	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4	Mus musculus	114-118
32631692-9	2020	CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that inhibition of superoxide damage to RGCs through regulation of the Akt/BAD pathway is one of the mechanisms by which OECs and alpha-crystallin promote optic nerve recovery after injury.	Superoxides	55-65	crystallin, alpha A	Mus musculus	166-182
32698382-7	2020	These results were accompanied by a significant elevation in superoxide anion production and the activity/protein/gene expression of NADPH oxidase isoforms (NOX1, NOX2, and NOX4), which was also prevented by NOX inhibition.	Superoxides	61-77	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	157-161
32698382-7	2020	These results were accompanied by a significant elevation in superoxide anion production and the activity/protein/gene expression of NADPH oxidase isoforms (NOX1, NOX2, and NOX4), which was also prevented by NOX inhibition.	Superoxides	61-77	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	163-167
32698382-7	2020	These results were accompanied by a significant elevation in superoxide anion production and the activity/protein/gene expression of NADPH oxidase isoforms (NOX1, NOX2, and NOX4), which was also prevented by NOX inhibition.	Superoxides	61-77	NADPH oxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	173-177
32428594-11	2020	Both CAR overexpression and BALIAD culturing decreased mitochondrial superoxide levels.	Superoxides	69-79	nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 3	Homo sapiens	5-8
32679677-3	2020	Cell-based assays were used to test the ability of MFGM preparations to modulate levels of the inflammatory mediators IL-1beta, nitric oxide, superoxide anion, cyclo-oxygenase-2, and neutrophil elastase.	Superoxides	142-158	milk fat globule EGF and factor V/VIII domain containing	Bos taurus	51-55
32694733-3	2020	Here, we identify the non-phagocytic NADPH oxidase organizer 1 (NOXO1) as the superoxide source and an essential driver of smoke-induced emphysema and pulmonary hypertension development in mice.	Superoxides	78-88	NADPH oxidase organizer 1	Mus musculus	37-62
32694733-3	2020	Here, we identify the non-phagocytic NADPH oxidase organizer 1 (NOXO1) as the superoxide source and an essential driver of smoke-induced emphysema and pulmonary hypertension development in mice.	Superoxides	78-88	NADPH oxidase organizer 1	Mus musculus	64-69
32694733-6	2020	Quantification of superoxide, nitrotyrosine and multiple NOXO1-dependent signalling pathways confirm that peroxynitrite formation from nitric oxide and superoxide is a driver of lung emphysema.	Superoxides	152-162	NADPH oxidase organizer 1	Mus musculus	57-62
31573704-3	2020	Recent advances in 2D electrocatalysts are reviewed for emerging applications that utilize naturally existing H2 O, N2 , O2 , Cl- (seawater) and CH4 (natural gas) as reactants for nitrogen reduction (N2   NH3 ), two-electron oxygen reduction (O2   H2 O2 ), chlorine evolution (Cl-   Cl2 ), and methane partial oxidation (CH4   CH3 OH) reactions to generate NH3 , H2 O2 , Cl2 , and CH3 OH.	Superoxides	121-123	endogenous retrovirus group W member 5	Homo sapiens	283-286
31573704-3	2020	Recent advances in 2D electrocatalysts are reviewed for emerging applications that utilize naturally existing H2 O, N2 , O2 , Cl- (seawater) and CH4 (natural gas) as reactants for nitrogen reduction (N2   NH3 ), two-electron oxygen reduction (O2   H2 O2 ), chlorine evolution (Cl-   Cl2 ), and methane partial oxidation (CH4   CH3 OH) reactions to generate NH3 , H2 O2 , Cl2 , and CH3 OH.	Superoxides	121-123	endogenous retrovirus group W member 5	Homo sapiens	371-374
31900966-6	2020	RESULTS: Continuous gestational mild hypoxia (14% O2 ) applied from embryonic day 10.5 (E10.5) reduced the expression of VEGF-A mRNA and proteins by over 60% in E12.5 hearts relative to control normoxic hearts.	Superoxides	50-52	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Mus musculus	121-127
31834338-2	2020	Herein, a single-liquid miniature glucose-O2 fuel cell was constructed by using gas diffusion electrodes, which were prepared by immobilizing glucose oxidase (GOx) or laccase (Lac) modified on a porous structured carbon paper (CP).	Superoxides	42-44	hydroxyacid oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	142-157
31834338-2	2020	Herein, a single-liquid miniature glucose-O2 fuel cell was constructed by using gas diffusion electrodes, which were prepared by immobilizing glucose oxidase (GOx) or laccase (Lac) modified on a porous structured carbon paper (CP).	Superoxides	42-44	hydroxyacid oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	159-162
32027481-13	2020	The 1O2-activatable SPN-based protherapeutic agents are constructed through covalent conjugation of SPNs with caged therapeutic agents via hypoxia- or 1O2-cleavable linkers.	Superoxides	4-7	DEAF1 transcription factor	Homo sapiens	20-23
32027481-13	2020	The 1O2-activatable SPN-based protherapeutic agents are constructed through covalent conjugation of SPNs with caged therapeutic agents via hypoxia- or 1O2-cleavable linkers.	Superoxides	151-154	DEAF1 transcription factor	Homo sapiens	20-23
32426457-4	2020	Respiratory restoration by AOX prevented acute HPV and hypoxic responses of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMC), acute hypoxia-induced redox changes of NADH and cytochrome c, and superoxide production.	Superoxides	190-200	acyl-Coenzyme A oxidase 1, palmitoyl	Mus musculus	27-30
31868938-6	2020	In addition, GCN2 knockdown significantly suppressed the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in high glucose-stimulated ARPE-19 cells.	Superoxides	149-159	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 4	Homo sapiens	13-17
31714656-9	2020	SOD3 expression was not observed in PICT, Reactive oxygen species, a target of superoxide dismutase, was strongly and locally expressed in all three tissues.	Superoxides	79-89	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
31993743-11	2020	PI3KCA and KRAS mutations were less frequent: they were more frequent in MMMT-O than in HGSOC (P = 0.015 and P = 0.018, respectively).	Superoxides	73-79	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	11-15
31931142-6	2020	In the present work, we show that aberrant Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fragmentation within the striatum of HD mutant mice, forces mitochondria to place far away from the ER disrupting the ER-mitochondria association and therefore causing drawbacks in Ca2+ efflux and an excessive production of mitochondria superoxide species.	Superoxides	308-318	collapsin response mediator protein 1	Mus musculus	43-47
32005975-7	2020	O-glycans on EPHA2 were modified by C1GALT1 and both S277A and T429A mutants, which are O-glycosites on EPHA2, dramatically enhanced phosphorylation of Y588, suggesting that not only overall O-glycan structures but also site-specific O-glycosylation can regulate EPHA2 activity.	Superoxides	88-100	EPH receptor A2	Homo sapiens	13-18
32005975-7	2020	O-glycans on EPHA2 were modified by C1GALT1 and both S277A and T429A mutants, which are O-glycosites on EPHA2, dramatically enhanced phosphorylation of Y588, suggesting that not only overall O-glycan structures but also site-specific O-glycosylation can regulate EPHA2 activity.	Superoxides	88-100	EPH receptor A2	Homo sapiens	104-109
32005975-7	2020	O-glycans on EPHA2 were modified by C1GALT1 and both S277A and T429A mutants, which are O-glycosites on EPHA2, dramatically enhanced phosphorylation of Y588, suggesting that not only overall O-glycan structures but also site-specific O-glycosylation can regulate EPHA2 activity.	Superoxides	88-100	EPH receptor A2	Homo sapiens	104-109
31893939-7	2020	Results: PGD2/DP1 axis was down-regulated in CD4+ T cells from older humans and aged mice, DP1 deletion in CD4+ T cells (TDP1KO) augmented age-related hypertension in aged male mice by enhancing Th1 cytokine secretion, vascular remodeling and CD4+ T cells infiltration, superoxide production in vasculature and kidneys.	Superoxides	270-280	receptor accessory protein 5	Mus musculus	91-94
31893939-12	2020	DP1 receptor activation by BW245C prevented age-associated BP elevation and reduced vascular/renal superoxide production in male mice.	Superoxides	99-109	receptor accessory protein 5	Mus musculus	0-3
32093292-9	2020	In both studies, NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production in phagocytic cells was only due to the specific expression of the Nox2 isoform.	Superoxides	41-51	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	130-134
32061237-4	2020	Both the transition dipole moment and the oscillator strength were predicted to be weak, which suggests that photodissociation of HO3 to produce OH and O2 after UV-Vis absorption is not a plausible mechanism.	Superoxides	152-154	histidyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	130-133
31465718-4	2020	Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), an isoform of SOD that is exclusively expressed in the intracellular mitochondrial matrix, plays a crucial role in oxidative resistance against mitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	189-199	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-22
31465718-4	2020	Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), an isoform of SOD that is exclusively expressed in the intracellular mitochondrial matrix, plays a crucial role in oxidative resistance against mitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	189-199	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	24-28
31679459-2	2020	Through inactivation of the Vitamin B12 dependent enzyme, methionine synthase, N2O can lead to the development of peripheral neuropathy.	Superoxides	79-82	5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase	Homo sapiens	58-77
31735084-5	2020	Generation of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was increased in hypertensive VSMCs, effects associated with activation of redox-sensitive PARP1 (poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1), a TRPM2 regulator.	Superoxides	14-24	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 1	Mus musculus	151-156
31735084-5	2020	Generation of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was increased in hypertensive VSMCs, effects associated with activation of redox-sensitive PARP1 (poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1), a TRPM2 regulator.	Superoxides	14-24	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 1	Mus musculus	158-188
31735084-5	2020	Generation of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was increased in hypertensive VSMCs, effects associated with activation of redox-sensitive PARP1 (poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1), a TRPM2 regulator.	Superoxides	14-24	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 2	Mus musculus	193-198
31639106-7	2019	Mitochondria from TGF-beta1-treated Pink1-/- BMDMs exhibited increased superoxide levels, along with reduced respiration and ATP production.	Superoxides	71-81	PTEN induced kinase 1	Homo sapiens	36-41
31602731-3	2019	ADR is equipped with chemiluminescence and near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) signaling channels that can be activated by oxidative stress (superoxide anion, O2 .- ) and lysosomal damage (N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase, NAG), respectively.	Superoxides	139-155	neuroblastoma amplified sequence	Mus musculus	220-223
31692128-2	2019	Here, a red blood cell membrane (mRBC)-camouflaged hollow MnO2 (HMnO2 ) catalytic nanosystem embedded with lactate oxidase (LOX) and a glycolysis inhibitor (denoted as PMLR) is constructed for intra/extracellular lactic acid exhaustion as well as synergistic metabolic therapy and immunotherapy of tumor.	Superoxides	60-62	lysyl oxidase	Homo sapiens	124-127
31560926-8	2019	In cultured HRECs, PRP-Exos induced the production of malonyldialdehyde(MDA) and reactive oxygen species(ROS) and inhibited the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD).	Superoxides	140-150	proline rich protein 2-like 1	Rattus norvegicus	19-22
31541678-7	2019	Furthermore, acarbose blocked the Nox4-dependent superoxide (O2.-) generation, which regulated NLRP3 inflammasome in RAECs.	Superoxides	49-59	NADPH oxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	34-38
31541678-7	2019	Furthermore, acarbose blocked the Nox4-dependent superoxide (O2.-) generation, which regulated NLRP3 inflammasome in RAECs.	Superoxides	61-63	NADPH oxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	34-38
31541678-10	2019	Taken together, our data indicated that acarbose ameliorated endothelial barrier dysfunction by directly inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome which was dependent on inhibiting Nox4 oxidase-dependent O2.- production.	Superoxides	192-194	NADPH oxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	169-173
31747128-1	2019	Glucose oxidase (GOx) can react with intracellular glucose and oxygen (O2 ) to produce hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) and gluconic acid, which can cut off the nutrition source of cancer cells and consequently inhibit their proliferation.	Superoxides	71-73	hydroxyacid oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	0-15
31747128-1	2019	Glucose oxidase (GOx) can react with intracellular glucose and oxygen (O2 ) to produce hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) and gluconic acid, which can cut off the nutrition source of cancer cells and consequently inhibit their proliferation.	Superoxides	71-73	hydroxyacid oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	17-20
32198338-8	2019	The order of active species affecting the photocatalytic degradation of TC by mpg-C3N4-ZIF-8 was hole > superoxide radical > hydroxyl radical.	Superoxides	104-122	N-methylpurine DNA glycosylase	Homo sapiens	78-81
31710352-4	2019	Here, we found that hypoxia, as modeled by 1% O2 or exposure to the hypoxia-mimetic reagent desferrioxamine (DFO) has strong inductive effects on the expression of CXCL13 and CXCR5, a CXCL13 receptor, in both undifferentiated and differentiated adipocytes and in organ-cultured white adipose tissue (WAT).	Superoxides	46-48	chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 13	Mus musculus	164-170
31710352-4	2019	Here, we found that hypoxia, as modeled by 1% O2 or exposure to the hypoxia-mimetic reagent desferrioxamine (DFO) has strong inductive effects on the expression of CXCL13 and CXCR5, a CXCL13 receptor, in both undifferentiated and differentiated adipocytes and in organ-cultured white adipose tissue (WAT).	Superoxides	46-48	chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 13	Mus musculus	184-190
31760709-7	2019	The infusion of miR-214-secretome also led to lesser local and systemic inflammation, higher expression of an antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase), and higher liver proliferative and synthetic function.	Superoxides	130-140	microRNA 214	Mus musculus	16-23
31871552-12	2019	A superoxide donor xanthine+xanthine oxidase elevated caveolin-1 or Rab5c levels.	Superoxides	2-12	RAB5C, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	68-73
31824945-6	2019	Our results demonstrated that RBM3 expression was highly sensitive to hypoxia, and NSCs were arrested in G0/G1 phase by 5, 2.5, and 1% O2 treatment.	Superoxides	135-137	RNA binding motif (RNP1, RRM) protein 3	Mus musculus	30-34
31584578-2	2019	The molar addition of anions, such as TBAF-, TBAOH-, TBACN- and TBAAcO-, induced a significant red shift in the charge transfer band (Deltalambda = 73 nm, from 337 nm to 410 nm), in agreement with visible "naked eye" detectable colorimetric activities; in addition, soaked-in-L paper strips were prepared, which could significantly discriminate cyanide (KCN) and hydroxide (NaOH) ions dissolved in tap water via the litmus test method.	Superoxides	64-70	nuclear RNA export factor 1	Homo sapiens	398-401
31389735-8	2019	Scavenging superoxide (0.5muM TEMPO or mitoTEMPO) maintained the expression of contractile phenotype proteins Calponin and SM22alpha decreased by 48hrs hypoxia (1% oxygen).	Superoxides	11-21	transgelin	Bos taurus	123-132
31602247-5	2019	Tetrahydrocurcumin effectively decreased the gene expression of matrix metalloproteinase-3 and -13, as well as cyclooxygenase-2, promoted the phosphorylation of Akt and enhanced the protein expression of forkhead box (FOX)O4 in SCI rats.	Superoxides	222-224	matrix metallopeptidase 3	Rattus norvegicus	64-98
31736979-3	2019	Superoxide anion is produced by the phagocyte NADPH oxidase/NOX2, a multicomponent enzyme system consisting of six proteins: two trans-membrane proteins (gp91 phox and p22 phox ) and four soluble cytosolic proteins (p40 phox , p67 phox , p47 phox , and the small G-proteins, Rac1/2).	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	60-64
31736979-3	2019	Superoxide anion is produced by the phagocyte NADPH oxidase/NOX2, a multicomponent enzyme system consisting of six proteins: two trans-membrane proteins (gp91 phox and p22 phox ) and four soluble cytosolic proteins (p40 phox , p67 phox , p47 phox , and the small G-proteins, Rac1/2).	Superoxides	0-16	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	238-246
31736979-3	2019	Superoxide anion is produced by the phagocyte NADPH oxidase/NOX2, a multicomponent enzyme system consisting of six proteins: two trans-membrane proteins (gp91 phox and p22 phox ) and four soluble cytosolic proteins (p40 phox , p67 phox , p47 phox , and the small G-proteins, Rac1/2).	Superoxides	0-16	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	275-281
31461803-2	2019	Superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3, ECSOD) is the main antioxidant enzyme that removes superoxide anions from cells.	Superoxides	81-98	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	0-22
31461803-2	2019	Superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3, ECSOD) is the main antioxidant enzyme that removes superoxide anions from cells.	Superoxides	81-98	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	24-28
31461803-2	2019	Superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3, ECSOD) is the main antioxidant enzyme that removes superoxide anions from cells.	Superoxides	81-98	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	30-35
30819616-0	2019	Mitochondrial superoxide disrupts the metabolic and epigenetic landscape of CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes.	Superoxides	14-24	CD8a molecule	Homo sapiens	85-88
31325723-2	2019	NADPH oxidase type 2 (NOX2) is a respiratory burst oxidase that generates large amounts of superoxide anion (O2 -) and subsequent other reactive oxygen species (ROS).	Superoxides	91-107	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	0-20
31325723-2	2019	NADPH oxidase type 2 (NOX2) is a respiratory burst oxidase that generates large amounts of superoxide anion (O2 -) and subsequent other reactive oxygen species (ROS).	Superoxides	91-107	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	22-26
30968134-3	2019	Previously, several lines of evidence indicated that the AOX pathway prevents overproduction of superoxide and other reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	96-106	acyl-CoA oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	57-60
31187260-8	2019	Also, CNP activated the vascular NO system and exerted an antioxidant effect in aortic tissue of both groups, diminishing superoxide production and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, and increasing glutathione content.	Superoxides	122-132	natriuretic peptide C	Rattus norvegicus	6-9
31701714-9	2019	Compared with 21% O2 group, the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, CAT, HO-1, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were increased significantly (P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was lower (P&lt;0.01) in 12%O2 group cells; only the expression of GPX-1 mRNA was increased (P&lt;0.05) in 8%O2 group; the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were decreased significantly(P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was higher (P&lt;0.01) in 5%O2 group.	Superoxides	18-20	NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 1	Mus musculus	113-118
31701714-9	2019	Compared with 21% O2 group, the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, CAT, HO-1, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were increased significantly (P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was lower (P&lt;0.01) in 12%O2 group cells; only the expression of GPX-1 mRNA was increased (P&lt;0.05) in 8%O2 group; the expressions of Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression, antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, NQO-1, GPX-1 mRNA were decreased significantly(P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and ROS level was higher (P&lt;0.01) in 5%O2 group.	Superoxides	18-20	NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 1	Mus musculus	404-409
31428230-7	2019	Our results indicate that OP is able to induce apoptosis in A549 cells through the upregulation of mitochondrial Glo2 (mGlo2), mediated by the superoxide anion and Akt signaling pathway.	Superoxides	143-159	hydroxyacyl glutathione hydrolase	Mus musculus	119-124
31091128-5	2019	We hypothesized that O2- stimulates NKCC2 activity by enhancing apical surface NKCC2 expression.	Superoxides	21-23	solute carrier family 12 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	79-84
31091128-7	2019	Treatment of TALs with O2- produced by exogenous xanthine oxidase (1 mU/ml) and hypoxanthine (500 microM) stimulated surface NKCC2 expression by ~18 +- 5% (P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	23-25	solute carrier family 12 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	125-130
31091128-8	2019	O2- -stimulated surface NKCC2 expression was blocked by the O2- scavenger tempol (50 microM).	Superoxides	0-2	solute carrier family 12 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	24-29
31091128-8	2019	O2- -stimulated surface NKCC2 expression was blocked by the O2- scavenger tempol (50 microM).	Superoxides	60-62	solute carrier family 12 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	24-29
31091128-12	2019	Protein kinase C inhibition with Go-6976 (100 nM) blocked O2- -stimulated surface NKCC2 expression (P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	58-60	solute carrier family 12 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	82-87
31091128-14	2019	We conclude that O2- increases surface NKCC2 expression by stimulating protein kinase C and that this effect is blunted by endogenous NO.	Superoxides	17-19	solute carrier family 12 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	39-44
31091128-15	2019	O2- -stimulated apical trafficking of NKCC2 may be involved in the enhanced surface NKCC2 expression observed in Dahl salt-sensitive rats.	Superoxides	0-2	solute carrier family 12 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	38-43
31091128-15	2019	O2- -stimulated apical trafficking of NKCC2 may be involved in the enhanced surface NKCC2 expression observed in Dahl salt-sensitive rats.	Superoxides	0-2	solute carrier family 12 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	84-89
30952549-8	2019	Furthermore, with >=24 minutes of ischemia, superoxide production by nitric oxide synthase and peroxynitrite levels were significantly increased compared with non-ischemic hearts, suggesting endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) uncoupling (p <0.05 for both).	Superoxides	44-54	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	191-224
30963327-0	2019	Over-expression of Isu1p and Jac1p increases the ethanol tolerance and yield by superoxide and iron homeostasis mechanism in an engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast.	Superoxides	80-90	iron-binding protein ISU1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	19-24
30963327-0	2019	Over-expression of Isu1p and Jac1p increases the ethanol tolerance and yield by superoxide and iron homeostasis mechanism in an engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast.	Superoxides	80-90	J-type chaperone JAC1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	29-34
31258517-4	2019	After host cell invasion, mycobacteria induces the expression of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) to generate superoxide radicals (  O 2 -   ), which are then converted to more toxic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by superoxide dismutase (SOD) and subsequently reduced to water by catalase.	Superoxides	100-110	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	65-80
31258517-4	2019	After host cell invasion, mycobacteria induces the expression of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) to generate superoxide radicals (  O 2 -   ), which are then converted to more toxic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by superoxide dismutase (SOD) and subsequently reduced to water by catalase.	Superoxides	100-110	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	82-86
30723080-6	2019	Rac2+/E62K mice phenocopy the T- and B-cell lymphopenia, increased neutrophil F-actin, and excessive superoxide production seen in patients.	Superoxides	101-111	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	0-4
30842265-3	2019	electrophoretic mobility shift assay and luciferase reporter analysis illustrate that TaBZR2 directly interacts with the gene promoter to activate the expression of T. aestivum glutathione s-transferase-1 (TaGST1), which functions positively in scavenging drought-induced superoxide anions (O2 -).	Superoxides	272-289	glutathione S-transferase 1	Triticum aestivum	206-212
31009517-6	2019	In vitro, the neutrophils from Stat2-/- mice produced lower levels of superoxide anion upon stimulation with the bacterial ligand N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) in the presence of IFNalpha compared to neutrophils from wild-type mice, indicating that the neutrophils were less functional in Stat2-/- mice.	Superoxides	70-86	signal transducer and activator of transcription 2	Mus musculus	31-36
30760703-7	2019	Transfection of Rac1G12V active mutant into HKE3 cells induced PDIA1 to become restrictive of Nox1-dependent superoxide, while in HCT116 cells treated with Rac1 inhibitor, PDIA1 became supportive of superoxide.	Superoxides	109-119	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	16-20
30760703-7	2019	Transfection of Rac1G12V active mutant into HKE3 cells induced PDIA1 to become restrictive of Nox1-dependent superoxide, while in HCT116 cells treated with Rac1 inhibitor, PDIA1 became supportive of superoxide.	Superoxides	199-209	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	16-20
30693354-7	2019	The Mn3(PO4)2-DNA/CNF sensor achieves the best sensitivity among the reported O2 - sensors while possessing good selectivity.	Superoxides	78-80	NPHS1 adhesion molecule, nephrin	Homo sapiens	18-21
29334762-7	2019	Whereas PE serum, ox-LDL, progesterone, or soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1) elevated superoxide levels via elevating NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) and NOX4 levels and reducing superoxide dismutase (SOD) 1 levels, thereby downregulating KCas.	Superoxides	96-106	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	128-143
29334762-7	2019	Whereas PE serum, ox-LDL, progesterone, or soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1) elevated superoxide levels via elevating NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) and NOX4 levels and reducing superoxide dismutase (SOD) 1 levels, thereby downregulating KCas.	Superoxides	96-106	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	145-149
30173356-5	2019	Expression of the downstream signaling molecule of PPAR-alpha, the mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), was up-regulated in the baroreflex afferent pathway under similar experimental conditions, along with amelioration of reduced superoxide dismutase activity and increased superoxide in HFD rats.	Superoxides	236-246	uncoupling protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	67-101
30173356-5	2019	Expression of the downstream signaling molecule of PPAR-alpha, the mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), was up-regulated in the baroreflex afferent pathway under similar experimental conditions, along with amelioration of reduced superoxide dismutase activity and increased superoxide in HFD rats.	Superoxides	236-246	uncoupling protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	103-107
30623799-6	2019	NRP1 loss reduces ABCB8 levels, resulting in iron accumulation, iron-induced mitochondrial superoxide production, and iron-dependent EC senescence.	Superoxides	91-101	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 8	Homo sapiens	18-23
31657686-0	2019	Targeting Hypertension: Superoxide anions are involved in apelin-induced long-term high blood pressure and sympathetic activity in the paraventricular nucleus.	Superoxides	24-34	apelin	Rattus norvegicus	58-64
31657686-6	2019	RESULTS: Infusion of apelin into PVN of Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats induced chronic increases in systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), plasma norepinephrine (NE) level, maximal depressor response to hexamethonium (Hex), NAD(P)H oxidase activity, superoxide anions levels, and Nox4 expression.	Superoxides	297-307	apelin	Rattus norvegicus	21-27
30389496-0	2019	Mitochondrial superoxide generation induces a parkinsonian phenotype in zebrafish and huntingtin aggregation in human cells.	Superoxides	14-24	huntingtin	Danio rerio	86-96
31172469-3	2019	In a flavin-dependent fashion, cytochrome b558 shuttles electrons from cytoplasmic NADPH across membranes to molecular oxygen and thereby generates superoxide anion.	Superoxides	148-164	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	31-43
31172470-6	2019	NOX3 constitutively produces superoxide, which is enhanced by regulatory proteins such as p47phox, NOXO1, and p67phox.	Superoxides	29-39	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	90-97
30300960-5	2018	A time-dependent study shows that HemiSe can detect superoxide within 13 min with high sensitivity, high selectivity, over a wide pH range, and through confirmation with a xanthine/xanthine oxidase biochemical assay (lambdaem =439 nm).	Superoxides	52-62	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	181-197
30278895-5	2018	As a result, the PACNTF presented higher conductivity and larger current response toward O2 - sensing when compared with CNT precursor and CNTF without PA treatment.	Superoxides	89-91	ciliary neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	19-23
30622668-6	2018	Kallistatin via its heparin-binding site antagonizes TNF-alpha-induced senescence and superoxide formation, while kallistatin"s active site is essential for inhibiting miR-34a synthesis, thus elevating sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)/eNOS synthesis in EPCs.	Superoxides	86-96	serpin family A member 4	Homo sapiens	0-11
29923306-6	2018	We further found that ASM down-regulation blocked the Nox2- and Nox4-dependent superoxide (O2 -  ) generation, which regulated glucose metabolism in RAECs during PA stimulation.	Superoxides	79-89	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	54-58
29923306-6	2018	We further found that ASM down-regulation blocked the Nox2- and Nox4-dependent superoxide (O2 -  ) generation, which regulated glucose metabolism in RAECs during PA stimulation.	Superoxides	79-89	NADPH oxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	64-68
29923306-6	2018	We further found that ASM down-regulation blocked the Nox2- and Nox4-dependent superoxide (O2 -  ) generation, which regulated glucose metabolism in RAECs during PA stimulation.	Superoxides	91-93	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	54-58
29923306-6	2018	We further found that ASM down-regulation blocked the Nox2- and Nox4-dependent superoxide (O2 -  ) generation, which regulated glucose metabolism in RAECs during PA stimulation.	Superoxides	91-93	NADPH oxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	64-68
30312761-1	2018	Generation of superoxide by xanthine oxidase can be stimulated under ischemic and aberrant calcium homeostasis.	Superoxides	14-24	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	28-44
30317185-10	2018	We conclude that NOX3 is a cytokine-inducible superoxide-generating enzyme in adipocytes, which promotes lipolysis through increasing phosphorylation of HSL.	Superoxides	46-56	lipase E, hormone sensitive type	Homo sapiens	153-156
30099546-3	2018	Superoxide production was investigated in human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 cells stably overexpressing the TSHR.	Superoxides	0-10	thyroid stimulating hormone receptor	Homo sapiens	107-111
30099546-9	2018	M22 (P = 0.0082), bovine TSH (P = 0.0028), and sera of hyperthyroid patients with GD (P &lt; 0.05) increased superoxide-specific 2-hydroxyethidium levels in HEK-293 TSHR cells after 48-hour incubation vs control subjects.	Superoxides	109-119	thyroid stimulating hormone receptor	Homo sapiens	165-169
29775122-2	2018	The MnSOD enzymatic activity, a key enzyme on oxidative stress control, is reduced by superoxide-induced nitration.	Superoxides	86-96	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	4-9
29540859-8	2018	Compared with untreated controls, kidney and aorta from SOCS1-treated mice exhibited significantly lower levels of superoxide anion, DNA oxidation marker and NADPH oxidase (Nox) subunits, along with higher expression of antioxidant enzymes.	Superoxides	115-131	suppressor of cytokine signaling 1	Mus musculus	56-61
29492849-3	2018	Mechanistically, neuroprotective effects elicited by PGE2 were mediated by the inhibition of microglial NOX2, a major superoxide-producing enzyme.	Superoxides	118-128	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	104-108
29492849-4	2018	This conclusion was supported by (1) the close relationship between inhibition of superoxide and PGE2-induced neuroprotective effects; (2) the mediation of PGE2-induced reduction of superoxide and neuroprotection via direct inhibition of the catalytic subunit of NOX2, gp91phox, rather than through the inhibition of conventional prostaglandin E2 receptors; and (3) abolishment of the neuroprotective effect of PGE2 in NOX2-deficient cultures.	Superoxides	82-92	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	263-267
29492849-4	2018	This conclusion was supported by (1) the close relationship between inhibition of superoxide and PGE2-induced neuroprotective effects; (2) the mediation of PGE2-induced reduction of superoxide and neuroprotection via direct inhibition of the catalytic subunit of NOX2, gp91phox, rather than through the inhibition of conventional prostaglandin E2 receptors; and (3) abolishment of the neuroprotective effect of PGE2 in NOX2-deficient cultures.	Superoxides	82-92	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	269-277
29492849-4	2018	This conclusion was supported by (1) the close relationship between inhibition of superoxide and PGE2-induced neuroprotective effects; (2) the mediation of PGE2-induced reduction of superoxide and neuroprotection via direct inhibition of the catalytic subunit of NOX2, gp91phox, rather than through the inhibition of conventional prostaglandin E2 receptors; and (3) abolishment of the neuroprotective effect of PGE2 in NOX2-deficient cultures.	Superoxides	82-92	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	419-423
29492849-4	2018	This conclusion was supported by (1) the close relationship between inhibition of superoxide and PGE2-induced neuroprotective effects; (2) the mediation of PGE2-induced reduction of superoxide and neuroprotection via direct inhibition of the catalytic subunit of NOX2, gp91phox, rather than through the inhibition of conventional prostaglandin E2 receptors; and (3) abolishment of the neuroprotective effect of PGE2 in NOX2-deficient cultures.	Superoxides	182-192	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	263-267
29492849-4	2018	This conclusion was supported by (1) the close relationship between inhibition of superoxide and PGE2-induced neuroprotective effects; (2) the mediation of PGE2-induced reduction of superoxide and neuroprotection via direct inhibition of the catalytic subunit of NOX2, gp91phox, rather than through the inhibition of conventional prostaglandin E2 receptors; and (3) abolishment of the neuroprotective effect of PGE2 in NOX2-deficient cultures.	Superoxides	182-192	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	269-277
29492849-4	2018	This conclusion was supported by (1) the close relationship between inhibition of superoxide and PGE2-induced neuroprotective effects; (2) the mediation of PGE2-induced reduction of superoxide and neuroprotection via direct inhibition of the catalytic subunit of NOX2, gp91phox, rather than through the inhibition of conventional prostaglandin E2 receptors; and (3) abolishment of the neuroprotective effect of PGE2 in NOX2-deficient cultures.	Superoxides	182-192	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	419-423
30121389-3	2018	Previously, we identified zinc finger protein 179 (Znf179) as a neuroprotector that increases antioxidant enzymes against superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	122-132	ring finger protein 112	Homo sapiens	26-49
30121389-3	2018	Previously, we identified zinc finger protein 179 (Znf179) as a neuroprotector that increases antioxidant enzymes against superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	122-132	ring finger protein 112	Homo sapiens	51-57
30309503-7	2018	Our results showed that administration of 100muM of H2O2 on HUVECs for 2, 6, 12 and 24 h induced a time-dependent increase in ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 mRNA and protein expression levels with a significant increase observed from 6 h. HUVECs exposed to H2O2 exhibit increased O2-, suggesting that H2O2 induced oxidative stress may be a reasonable for atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	54-56	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	126-132
30247450-9	2018	RESULTS: Cardiotrophin-1 in perfusion and preservation fluids reduced oxidative stress markers (superoxide anion and inducible nitric oxide synthase), inflammation markers (NF-kappaB and tumor necrosis factor-alpha), and vascular damage (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1) and activated leukemia inhibitory factor receptor and STAT-3 survival signaling.	Superoxides	96-112	cardiotrophin 1	Rattus norvegicus	9-24
30247450-10	2018	Transplantation of kidneys cold-preserved with CT-1 increased rat survival and renal function (ie, lower plasma creatinine and higher creatinine clearance) and improved kidney damage markers after transplantation (ie, lower superoxide anion, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and higher NF-kappaB).	Superoxides	224-240	cardiotrophin 1	Rattus norvegicus	47-51
29655889-6	2018	TLP-1 from water elution possessed of higher reducing power and scavenging activities against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, superoxide radical and hydroxyl radical than TLP-2 eluted by 0.1M of NaCl.	Superoxides	140-158	telomerase associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
30026602-0	2018	Correction: Superoxide drives progression of Parkin/PINK1-dependent mitophagy following translocation of Parkin to mitochondria.	Superoxides	12-22	PTEN induced kinase 1	Homo sapiens	52-57
29702279-12	2018	HO-1 played important roles in the down-regulation of superoxide levels in lung tissues by cordycepin, and HO-1 expression induced by cordycepin affected nitrite and nitrate concentrations in plasma and iNOS protein expression in lung tissues.	Superoxides	54-64	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
31565647-6	2018	Moreover, RQ-PCR analysis revealed that the enhanced cytotoxic effect of As2O3 in the presence of melatonin is mediated, at least partly, through suppressing the expression of NF-kappaB anti-apoptotic target genes such as MCL-1, BCL-2, survivin, XIAP, and c-IAP1 in breast cancer cells.	Superoxides	73-78	X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis	Homo sapiens	246-250
29710379-8	2018	Besides the identification of known pathways affected by Lon, for example, the superoxide stress response, our cumulative data suggests previously unrecognized fundamental functions of Lon in sulfur assimilation, nucleotide biosynthesis, amino acid and central energy metabolism.	Superoxides	79-89	putative ATP-dependent Lon protease	Escherichia coli	57-60
29775863-9	2018	Importantly, the partial suppression of symptomless nonhost resistance of barley to wheat powdery mildew by heat shock (49  C, 45 s) and antioxidant (SOD and catalase) treatments points to a functional role of superoxide in symptomless (type I) nonhost resistance.	Superoxides	210-220	SOD	Triticum aestivum	150-166
29867954-7	2018	Knockout of NoxO1 reduces the production of superoxide in colon crypts and is not subsidized by an elevated expression of its homolog p47phox.	Superoxides	44-54	NADPH oxidase organizer 1	Mus musculus	12-17
23246566-8	2013	MnSOD is a critical endogenous antioxidant enzyme that scavenges excess superoxide radicals in the mitochondria.	Superoxides	72-82	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
23050834-4	2013	Treatment with the electron transport chain complex III inhibitor, antimycin A, but not the complex I inhibitor, rotenone, caused increased cytosolic superoxide through release from the mitochondrial intermembrane space via voltage-dependent anion or Bax channels, but inhibition of these channels did not affect contraction-induced increases in cytosolic superoxide.	Superoxides	150-160	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	251-254
24175472-3	2013	They consist, from one side, in activating of the constitutive de novo biosynthesis of nitric oxide by cNOS, from other side, in suppression of inducible nitric oxide de novo synthesis by iNOS in such way to prevent the formation of toxic peroxynitrite by co-operation of surplus nitric oxide with superoxide anion, thereby limits the generation of toxic active forms of nitrogen (*NO2) and oxygen (*OH).	Superoxides	298-314	nitric oxide synthase 3	Canis lupus familiaris	103-107
22257935-7	2013	BRCA1 gene therapy was associated with lower CLP-evoked cardiac and hepatic superoxide generation that in the liver was in part due to improved reactive oxygen species removal.	Superoxides	76-86	breast cancer 1, early onset	Mus musculus	0-5
23216904-4	2013	Here, we show that through the Ras/MEK pathway, Ras oncogene up-regulated the expression of superoxide-generating oxidases, Nox1 in rat REF52 cells and Nox4 in primary human lung TIG-3 cells, leading to an increase in intracellular level of ROS.	Superoxides	92-102	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	124-128
26381869-2	2015	Dysfunctional DHFR may induce endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) uncoupling resulting in enzyme production of superoxide anions instead of NO.	Superoxides	121-138	dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens	14-18
23115037-5	2013	Relative to the wild-type UPEC isolate, the cyaA and crp deletion mutants are sensitive to nitrosative stress and the superoxide generator methyl viologen but remarkably resistant to hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and acid stress.	Superoxides	118-128	catabolite gene activator protein	Escherichia coli	53-56
23011469-8	2013	The significantly higher superoxide generation (CTRL: 20 +- 2 vs. H: 28 +- 3 hydroethidine fluorescence intensity arbitrary units; P &lt; 0.05) is prevented by pretreatment with the eNOS inhibitor N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (CTRL: 21 +- 4 vs. H: 22 +- 4).	Superoxides	25-35	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	182-186
23011469-9	2013	Taken together, the current data indicate a role for eNOS uncoupling in enhanced vascular superoxide, impaired endothelium-mediated vasodilatation, and decreased NO production in adult animals with programmed elevated blood pressure after a brief neonatal oxygen exposure.	Superoxides	90-100	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	53-57
26436984-7	2015	In the presence of TAC, scavenging of reactive oxygen species with N-acetylcysteine reduced eNOS S-glutathionylation, eNOS monomer and NOS-dependent superoxide levels in eNOS-Tg mice to wildtype levels.	Superoxides	149-159	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	92-96
23305039-11	2013	Overexpression of Txnip enhanced HG-induced superoxide generation and aggravated cardiomyocyte apoptosis, whereas Txnip RNAi significantly blunted the deleterious effects of HG.	Superoxides	44-54	thioredoxin interacting protein	Rattus norvegicus	18-23
22933112-5	2012	Inhibition of either p38 with SB203580 or JNK with SP600125 reduced superoxide production and improved shear stress-induced dilation (SSID) in 3M, but not in 9M, diabetic mice.	Superoxides	68-78	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	42-45
26436984-9	2015	In conclusion, independent of the severity of TAC, eNOS aggravates cardiac remodeling and dysfunction, which appears due to TAC-induced eNOS uncoupling and superoxide production.	Superoxides	156-166	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	51-55
26371245-4	2015	In addition, anxa2(-/-) mice exhibited elevated inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1beta, and IFN-gamma), decreased bacterial clearance by macrophages, and increased superoxide release in the lung.	Superoxides	175-185	annexin A2	Mus musculus	13-18
23240562-5	2012	Both superoxide and NO in moderate doses facilitate Ca2+ output from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, accelerating the course of "calcium clocks", but in higher doses they have opposite effect that may be neutralized mainly by reduced glutathione.	Superoxides	5-15	carbonic anhydrase 2	Homo sapiens	52-55
26186740-10	2015	Diabetes-induced superoxide anion production was significantly elevated in wild-type mice, but diminished in A-FABP knockout mice, and this elevation contributed to the exaggeration of MI/R-induced cardiac injury.	Superoxides	17-33	fatty acid binding protein 4, adipocyte	Mus musculus	109-115
22819981-6	2012	Increasing evidence suggests that Nox2 produces superoxide and Nox4 generates only hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	48-58	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	34-38
26223840-12	2015	Mechanistic studies revealed that both the SP receptor neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) and the superoxide-producing enzyme NADPH oxidase (NOX2) were necessary for SP-mediated chemotaxis in microglia.	Superoxides	92-102	tachykinin 1	Mus musculus	160-162
26214584-2	2015	Under conditions of high glucose, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) functions as a chief source of superoxide rather than NO.	Superoxides	106-116	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	34-67
22707562-9	2012	Interestingly, IL-11 reduced superoxide production assessed by in situ dihydroethidium fluorescence analysis, accompanied by the increased expression of metallothionein 1 and 2, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers.	Superoxides	29-39	interleukin 11	Mus musculus	15-20
26214584-2	2015	Under conditions of high glucose, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) functions as a chief source of superoxide rather than NO.	Superoxides	106-116	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	69-73
26214584-6	2015	More interestingly, despite the overexpression of eNOS, the in-house generated transgenic eNOS-GFP (TgeNOS-GFP)-Ins2(Akita) cross mice showed an unanticipated effect of reduced eNOS phosphorylation and enhanced superoxide production.	Superoxides	211-221	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	90-94
22728270-9	2012	Accordingly, we suggest that PI3K/AKT signaling mediates TGIF-induced Nox2/p67(phox) complex activation and the resultant superoxide production which reinforces the PI3K/AKT signaling to promote the cellular migration/invasion ability of UC.	Superoxides	122-132	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	70-74
26214584-6	2015	More interestingly, despite the overexpression of eNOS, the in-house generated transgenic eNOS-GFP (TgeNOS-GFP)-Ins2(Akita) cross mice showed an unanticipated effect of reduced eNOS phosphorylation and enhanced superoxide production.	Superoxides	211-221	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	90-94
22636674-10	2012	Continuous infusion of ANG II for 7 days induced carotid artery hyperplasia in rats via AT(1) and was associated with increased AT(1)/Nox1 binding (despite lower AT(1) levels); increased DPI-inhibitable superoxide production; increased phospho-IKKbeta, JNK, p65, and c-Jun; and induction of IL-18 and MMP-9 in endothelium-denuded carotid arteries.	Superoxides	203-213	angiogenin	Rattus norvegicus	23-26
25514499-7	2015	Superoxide generation was measured with transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta, eotaxin, and CLC3 blockers.	Superoxides	0-10	chloride voltage-gated channel 3	Homo sapiens	92-96
22278940-4	2012	Our principal aim in this study was to investigate whether superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase1 (Nox1) is involved in NRX-regulated Wnt signaling in intestinal and colon epithelial cells.	Superoxides	59-69	nucleoredoxin	Mus musculus	118-121
22361747-6	2012	Optimal expression of IFN-alpha/beta is not solely dependent on superoxide synthesis, but requires p47(phox) to function in a NOX-independent manner to mediate type I interferon synthesis.	Superoxides	64-74	interferon alpha	Mus musculus	22-31
25514499-12	2015	PMA, TGF-beta, and eotaxin used the CLC3-dependent pathway to increase superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	71-81	chloride voltage-gated channel 3	Homo sapiens	36-40
26069236-8	2015	Exposure of human thrombomodulin to superoxide in vitro caused oxidation of multiple methionine residues, including critical methionine 388, and a 40% decrease in thrombomodulin-dependent activation of protein C (P&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	36-46	thrombomodulin	Homo sapiens	18-32
22261313-9	2012	BDNF treatment inhibited apoptosis induced by a superoxide anion generator LY83583, and serum starvation-induced cell detachment.	Superoxides	48-64	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	0-4
22304857-3	2012	Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) can fuel ROS production by providing reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) for superoxide generation by NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	142-152	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	0-33
22304857-3	2012	Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) can fuel ROS production by providing reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) for superoxide generation by NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	142-152	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	35-39
22652060-5	2012	The abo6 mutant accumulated more ROS in mitochondria, as established using a mitochondrial superoxide indicator, circularly permuted yellow fluorescent protein.	Superoxides	91-101	DEA(D/H)-box RNA helicase family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	4-8
26069236-8	2015	Exposure of human thrombomodulin to superoxide in vitro caused oxidation of multiple methionine residues, including critical methionine 388, and a 40% decrease in thrombomodulin-dependent activation of protein C (P&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	36-46	thrombomodulin	Homo sapiens	163-177
26218692-11	2015	RESULTS: The iPLA2gamma-specific inhibitor reduced the fMLP/PMA-stimulated superoxide generation by 90% and 30%, respectively; in addition, the inhibitor completely blocked the fMLP/PMA-activated elastase release.	Superoxides	75-85	patatin like phospholipase domain containing 8	Homo sapiens	13-23
22243365-1	2012	Microglia express three isoforms of the NADPH oxidase, Nox1, Nox2 and Nox4, with the potential to produce superoxide (O(2)  (-) ).	Superoxides	106-116	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	55-59
22243365-1	2012	Microglia express three isoforms of the NADPH oxidase, Nox1, Nox2 and Nox4, with the potential to produce superoxide (O(2)  (-) ).	Superoxides	106-116	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	61-65
22243365-1	2012	Microglia express three isoforms of the NADPH oxidase, Nox1, Nox2 and Nox4, with the potential to produce superoxide (O(2)  (-) ).	Superoxides	106-116	NADPH oxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	70-74
22243365-1	2012	Microglia express three isoforms of the NADPH oxidase, Nox1, Nox2 and Nox4, with the potential to produce superoxide (O(2)  (-) ).	Superoxides	118-122	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	55-59
26267493-6	2015	Addition of the superoxide scavenger 4-hydroxy TEMPO to the culture medium of heat-stressed cells restored mitochondrial superoxide and intracellular ROS levels as well as NOX4 and HO-1 mRNA levels to near-normal values.	Superoxides	16-26	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	181-185
22243365-1	2012	Microglia express three isoforms of the NADPH oxidase, Nox1, Nox2 and Nox4, with the potential to produce superoxide (O(2)  (-) ).	Superoxides	118-122	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	61-65
22243365-1	2012	Microglia express three isoforms of the NADPH oxidase, Nox1, Nox2 and Nox4, with the potential to produce superoxide (O(2)  (-) ).	Superoxides	118-122	NADPH oxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	70-74
26267493-7	2015	We suggest that mitochondrial superoxide production could play an influential role in augmenting oxidative damage to avian muscle cells, possibly via the up-regulation of NOX4 and down-regulation of HO-1 in heat-stressed avian muscle cells.	Superoxides	30-40	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	199-203
26000607-5	2015	Unexpectedly, inhibition of ROS by either N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), a peroxide inhibitor, or Tempol, a superoxide inhibitor, increased the annexin V-/propidium iodide (PI)+ early necrotic population in TRAIL-treated cells.	Superoxides	104-114	annexin A5	Homo sapiens	140-149
22653900-4	2012	Physiologically, superoxide is immediately transformed into hydrogen peroxide and diatomic oxygen with manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD).	Superoxides	17-27	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	103-133
22653900-4	2012	Physiologically, superoxide is immediately transformed into hydrogen peroxide and diatomic oxygen with manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD).	Superoxides	17-27	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	135-140
22291013-5	2012	Consistent with our previous overexpression studies, we found that H(2)O(2)-induced superoxide production by primary sperm cells was mediated by the non-receptor tyrosine kinase c-Abl.	Superoxides	84-94	ABL proto-oncogene 1, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	178-183
26000631-0	2015	Mitochondrial Fragmentation Due to Inhibition of Fusion Increases Cyclin B through Mitochondrial Superoxide Radicals.	Superoxides	97-107	Cyclin B	Drosophila melanogaster	66-74
25993470-11	2015	Acetyl-L-carnitine, by lowering angiotensin II-induced mitochondrial superoxide formation, prevents Sirtuin3 dysfunction.	Superoxides	69-79	sirtuin 3	Rattus norvegicus	100-108
22215724-6	2012	Conversely, in hypoxic animals and cell cultures activation of CD47 by TSP1 disrupts this constitutive interaction, promoting eNOS-dependent superoxide production, oxidative stress, and PAH.	Superoxides	141-151	CD47 molecule	Homo sapiens	63-67
22215724-8	2012	Further, therapeutic blockade of CD47 activation in hypoxic pulmonary artery endothelial cells upregulated Cav-1, increased Cav-1CD47 co-association, decreased eNOS-derived superoxide, and protected animals from developing PAH.	Superoxides	173-183	CD47 molecule	Homo sapiens	33-37
25993470-14	2015	CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate that angiotensin II-induced insulin resistance fosters mitochondrial superoxide generation, in turn leading to Sirtuin3 dysfunction.	Superoxides	103-113	sirtuin 3	Rattus norvegicus	145-153
26005404-6	2015	SIRT3-5 expression declined significantly in the hippocampus and frontal lobe, associated with increases in superoxide and fatty acid oxidation levels, and acetylated CPS-1 protein expression, and a reduction in MnSOD level.	Superoxides	108-118	sirtuin 3	Rattus norvegicus	0-7
22593641-12	2012	Upon activation, NADPH oxidase 2 generates a burst of superoxide in neutrophils that leads to killing of microbes during phagocytosis.	Superoxides	54-64	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	17-32
25848038-0	2015	Endothelin-1 critically influences cardiac function via superoxide-MMP9 cascade.	Superoxides	56-66	endothelin 1	Mus musculus	0-12
22203737-8	2012	The PKC inhibitor calphostin C (1 mumol/L) or the PKCalpha/beta inhibitor Go6976 (1 mumol/L) decreased furosemide-sensitive O(2) consumption in both groups, achieving values that did not differ between sham and diabetic.	Superoxides	124-128	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	50-58
25848038-9	2015	We conclude that endothelin-1 is critical for maintaining normal contractile function, for controlling superoxide and Mmp9 levels, and for ensuring that the myocardium has sufficient collagen to prevent overstretching.	Superoxides	103-113	endothelin 1	Mus musculus	17-29
22203737-11	2012	We conclude that NADPH oxidase and PKC (primarily PKCalpha) contribute to an increase in O(2) consumption by the mTAL during type 1 diabetes through effects on the ouabain-sensitive Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase and furosemide-sensitive Na(+)-K(+)-2Cl(-) cotransporter that are primarily responsible for active transport Na(+) reabsorption by this nephron segment.	Superoxides	89-93	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	50-58
25879533-9	2015	Intermittent but not constant high glucose strikingly up-regulated the expression of p22phox, an NADPH oxidase component, increasing superoxide.	Superoxides	133-143	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	85-92
22286229-2	2012	In the current study, transcription of DREB2C, a class 2 Arabidopsis DREB, was induced by a superoxide anion propagator, methyl viologen (MV).	Superoxides	92-108	Integrase-type DNA-binding superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	39-45
25747713-4	2015	Mitochondrial superoxide change after infection induced these oxidative responses through DAF-16 activity.	Superoxides	14-24	Fork-head domain-containing protein;Forkhead box protein O	Caenorhabditis elegans	90-96
21967515-7	2012	Furthermore, we demonstrated that Nox2 (NADPH oxidase 2)-generated H2O2 regulated mitochondria-derived superoxide production, which suggests the importance of cross-talk between Nox2-dependent H2O2 production and mitochondrial superoxide production.	Superoxides	103-113	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	34-38
21967515-7	2012	Furthermore, we demonstrated that Nox2 (NADPH oxidase 2)-generated H2O2 regulated mitochondria-derived superoxide production, which suggests the importance of cross-talk between Nox2-dependent H2O2 production and mitochondrial superoxide production.	Superoxides	103-113	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	40-55
21967515-7	2012	Furthermore, we demonstrated that Nox2 (NADPH oxidase 2)-generated H2O2 regulated mitochondria-derived superoxide production, which suggests the importance of cross-talk between Nox2-dependent H2O2 production and mitochondrial superoxide production.	Superoxides	103-113	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	178-182
21967515-7	2012	Furthermore, we demonstrated that Nox2 (NADPH oxidase 2)-generated H2O2 regulated mitochondria-derived superoxide production, which suggests the importance of cross-talk between Nox2-dependent H2O2 production and mitochondrial superoxide production.	Superoxides	227-237	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	34-38
21967515-7	2012	Furthermore, we demonstrated that Nox2 (NADPH oxidase 2)-generated H2O2 regulated mitochondria-derived superoxide production, which suggests the importance of cross-talk between Nox2-dependent H2O2 production and mitochondrial superoxide production.	Superoxides	227-237	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	40-55
22100343-0	2012	NAD(P)H oxidase-dependent intracellular and extracellular O2 - production in coronary arterial myocytes from CD38 knockout mice.	Superoxides	58-60	CD38 antigen	Mus musculus	109-113
22100343-4	2012	This study was designed to test a hypothesis that the CD38/cADPR pathway as a downstream event exerts feedback regulatory action on the NAD(P)H oxidase activity in production of extra- or intracellular O(2)( -) in mouse coronary arterial myocytes (CAMs).	Superoxides	202-206	CD38 antigen	Mus musculus	54-58
22100343-7	2012	Consistently, the OXO-induced intracellular O(2)( -) production was markedly inhibited by CD38 shRNA or the CD38 inhibitor nicotinamide in CD38(+/+) CAMs.	Superoxides	44-48	CD38 antigen	Mus musculus	90-94
22100343-7	2012	Consistently, the OXO-induced intracellular O(2)( -) production was markedly inhibited by CD38 shRNA or the CD38 inhibitor nicotinamide in CD38(+/+) CAMs.	Superoxides	44-48	CD38 antigen	Mus musculus	108-112
22100343-7	2012	Consistently, the OXO-induced intracellular O(2)( -) production was markedly inhibited by CD38 shRNA or the CD38 inhibitor nicotinamide in CD38(+/+) CAMs.	Superoxides	44-48	CD38 antigen	Mus musculus	108-112
22100343-8	2012	Further, Nox4 siRNA inhibited OXO-induced intracellular but not extracellular O(2)( -) production, whereas Nox1 siRNA attenuated both intracellular and extracellular O(2)( -) production in CD38(+/+) CAMs.	Superoxides	166-170	CD38 antigen	Mus musculus	189-193
22100343-11	2012	These results provide direct evidence that the CD38/cADPR pathway is an important controller of Nox4-mediated intracellular O(2)( -) production and that CD38-dependent intracellular O(2)( -) production is augmented in an autocrine manner by CD38-independent Nox1-derived extracellular O(2)( -) production in CAMs.	Superoxides	124-128	CD38 antigen	Mus musculus	47-51
22100343-11	2012	These results provide direct evidence that the CD38/cADPR pathway is an important controller of Nox4-mediated intracellular O(2)( -) production and that CD38-dependent intracellular O(2)( -) production is augmented in an autocrine manner by CD38-independent Nox1-derived extracellular O(2)( -) production in CAMs.	Superoxides	182-186	CD38 antigen	Mus musculus	153-157
22100343-11	2012	These results provide direct evidence that the CD38/cADPR pathway is an important controller of Nox4-mediated intracellular O(2)( -) production and that CD38-dependent intracellular O(2)( -) production is augmented in an autocrine manner by CD38-independent Nox1-derived extracellular O(2)( -) production in CAMs.	Superoxides	182-186	CD38 antigen	Mus musculus	153-157
22100343-11	2012	These results provide direct evidence that the CD38/cADPR pathway is an important controller of Nox4-mediated intracellular O(2)( -) production and that CD38-dependent intracellular O(2)( -) production is augmented in an autocrine manner by CD38-independent Nox1-derived extracellular O(2)( -) production in CAMs.	Superoxides	182-186	CD38 antigen	Mus musculus	153-157
22100343-11	2012	These results provide direct evidence that the CD38/cADPR pathway is an important controller of Nox4-mediated intracellular O(2)( -) production and that CD38-dependent intracellular O(2)( -) production is augmented in an autocrine manner by CD38-independent Nox1-derived extracellular O(2)( -) production in CAMs.	Superoxides	182-186	CD38 antigen	Mus musculus	153-157
25395016-5	2015	Compared with treatment of Ad-beta-gal or PBS, Ad-APN treatment markedly reduced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein expression, decreased in nitric oxide/superoxide production, blocked peroxynitrite formation and reversed the progression of atherosclerotic lesions.	Superoxides	166-176	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Mus musculus	50-53
22192670-9	2012	Both myocardial O(2)(-) and ONOO(-) are reduced by pre-operative statin treatment, through a Rac1-mediated suppression of NADPH oxidase activity.	Superoxides	16-20	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	93-97
22108622-4	2012	Using hydroethidine (Het) method, the fluorescent signal of the oxidized products of Het (reflecting O(2) (-) production) significantly increased (by 50%-60%) following 60 min lasting seizures in all the studied structures, namely CA1, CA3 and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, cerebral cortex and thalamus.	Superoxides	101-107	carbonic anhydrase 3	Rattus norvegicus	236-239
22675339-2	2012	AGEs ligate to the receptor for AGEs (RAGE), promoting protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase and superoxide radical generation.	Superoxides	166-184	long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 914	Homo sapiens	38-42
22064362-8	2012	Activation of AMPK, a cellular metabolic sensor, and its downstream target ACC by low glucose concentration was largely inhibited by addition of MnTBAP, a MnSOD and catalase mimetic that also totally suppressed superoxide production.	Superoxides	211-221	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	155-160
21962460-5	2012	Indeed, suppression of superoxide production by targeting the primary enzymatic source of superoxide in mammalian inflammatory cells, NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2), markedly alleviates influenza A virus-induced lung injury and virus replication, irrespective of the infecting strain.	Superoxides	23-33	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	134-149
21962460-5	2012	Indeed, suppression of superoxide production by targeting the primary enzymatic source of superoxide in mammalian inflammatory cells, NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2), markedly alleviates influenza A virus-induced lung injury and virus replication, irrespective of the infecting strain.	Superoxides	23-33	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	151-155
21962460-5	2012	Indeed, suppression of superoxide production by targeting the primary enzymatic source of superoxide in mammalian inflammatory cells, NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2), markedly alleviates influenza A virus-induced lung injury and virus replication, irrespective of the infecting strain.	Superoxides	90-100	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	134-149
21962460-5	2012	Indeed, suppression of superoxide production by targeting the primary enzymatic source of superoxide in mammalian inflammatory cells, NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2), markedly alleviates influenza A virus-induced lung injury and virus replication, irrespective of the infecting strain.	Superoxides	90-100	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	151-155
22072715-0	2011	PPARdelta coordinates angiotensin II-induced senescence in vascular smooth muscle cells through PTEN-mediated inhibition of superoxide generation.	Superoxides	124-134	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta	Homo sapiens	0-9
22072715-3	2011	Activation of PPARdelta by GW501516, a specific ligand for PPARdelta, significantly attenuated Ang II-induced generation of superoxides and suppressed senescence of VSMCs.	Superoxides	124-135	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta	Homo sapiens	14-23
22072715-3	2011	Activation of PPARdelta by GW501516, a specific ligand for PPARdelta, significantly attenuated Ang II-induced generation of superoxides and suppressed senescence of VSMCs.	Superoxides	124-135	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta	Homo sapiens	59-68
21964540-5	2011	By considering all the experimental data obtained, a possible mechanism was proposed, including: (a) competition between the one-electron and the two-electron reductions of the oxoferryl free radical species of hemoglobin, giving rise to ferrylhemoglobin and methemoglobin, respectively; (b) competition between the superoxide-dependent inactivation of the protein and its reduction back to the met state.	Superoxides	316-326	hemoglobin subunit gamma 2	Homo sapiens	259-272
21826556-6	2011	Moreover, the inhibition of reactive oxygen species with allopurinol or apocynin in peritoneal leukocytes from old mice, suggest that both XO and NADPH oxidase contribute to the generation of superoxide anion, whereas the XO may have a special relevance in the production of hydrogen peroxyde.	Superoxides	192-208	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	139-141
21637291-2	2011	We previously reported that stable neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell lines with reduced expression of endogenous PINK1 exhibit mitochondrial fragmentation, increased mitochondria-derived superoxide, induction of compensatory macroautophagy/mitophagy and a low level of ongoing cell death.	Superoxides	180-190	PTEN induced kinase 1	Homo sapiens	106-111
21605479-7	2011	There was a significant negative correlation between CD45-,  CD34+, KDR+, and CD133+ cell levels and the severity of sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome and superoxide anion.	Superoxides	151-167	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C	Homo sapiens	53-57
22004287-8	2011	RESULTS: Eosinophil adhesion to ICAM-1 was significantly enhanced by IP-10, which also significantly induced eosinophil O2- generation in the presence of ICAM-1.	Superoxides	120-122	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	32-38
22004287-8	2011	RESULTS: Eosinophil adhesion to ICAM-1 was significantly enhanced by IP-10, which also significantly induced eosinophil O2- generation in the presence of ICAM-1.	Superoxides	120-122	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10	Homo sapiens	69-74
21784147-4	2011	SAA (10mug/ml) stimulated a Ca(2+) influx linked to apocynin-sensitive superoxide radical anion (O(2)( -)) production.	Superoxides	71-95	serum amyloid A1 cluster	Homo sapiens	0-3
21784147-4	2011	SAA (10mug/ml) stimulated a Ca(2+) influx linked to apocynin-sensitive superoxide radical anion (O(2)( -)) production.	Superoxides	97-101	serum amyloid A1 cluster	Homo sapiens	0-3
21586323-5	2011	Our findings demonstrate that Nox2ds, but not its scrambled control, potently inhibited superoxide (O(2)( -)) production in the Nox2 cell-free system, as assessed by the cytochrome c assay.	Superoxides	88-98	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	30-34
21586323-5	2011	Our findings demonstrate that Nox2ds, but not its scrambled control, potently inhibited superoxide (O(2)( -)) production in the Nox2 cell-free system, as assessed by the cytochrome c assay.	Superoxides	88-98	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	128-132
21586323-5	2011	Our findings demonstrate that Nox2ds, but not its scrambled control, potently inhibited superoxide (O(2)( -)) production in the Nox2 cell-free system, as assessed by the cytochrome c assay.	Superoxides	100-104	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	30-34
21586323-5	2011	Our findings demonstrate that Nox2ds, but not its scrambled control, potently inhibited superoxide (O(2)( -)) production in the Nox2 cell-free system, as assessed by the cytochrome c assay.	Superoxides	100-104	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	128-132
21586323-6	2011	Electron paramagnetic resonance confirmed that Nox2ds inhibits O(2)( -) production by Nox2 oxidase.	Superoxides	63-71	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	47-51
21586323-6	2011	Electron paramagnetic resonance confirmed that Nox2ds inhibits O(2)( -) production by Nox2 oxidase.	Superoxides	63-71	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	86-90
21708945-2	2011	In each case, superoxide production had a similar bell-shaped relationship to the reduction state of cytochrome b(566), suggesting that superoxide production peaks at intermediate Q-reduction state because it comes from a semiquinone in the outer quinone-binding site in complex III (Q(o)).	Superoxides	14-24	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	101-113
21708945-2	2011	In each case, superoxide production had a similar bell-shaped relationship to the reduction state of cytochrome b(566), suggesting that superoxide production peaks at intermediate Q-reduction state because it comes from a semiquinone in the outer quinone-binding site in complex III (Q(o)).	Superoxides	136-146	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	101-113
21703327-0	2011	Induction of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-homologous protein by cigarette smoke through the superoxide anion-triggered PERK-eIF2alpha pathway.	Superoxides	94-110	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Homo sapiens	126-135
21703327-11	2011	CSE, O(2)(-) and ONOO(-) induced phosphorylation of protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK) and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2alpha (eIF2alpha) and caused induction of downstream activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4).	Superoxides	5-9	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Homo sapiens	93-140
21703327-11	2011	CSE, O(2)(-) and ONOO(-) induced phosphorylation of protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK) and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2alpha (eIF2alpha) and caused induction of downstream activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4).	Superoxides	5-9	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Homo sapiens	142-151
21703327-11	2011	CSE, O(2)(-) and ONOO(-) induced phosphorylation of protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK) and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2alpha (eIF2alpha) and caused induction of downstream activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4).	Superoxides	5-9	activating transcription factor 4	Homo sapiens	223-227
21703327-12	2011	Scavengers for O(2)(-), ONOO(-) or NO attenuated induction of ATF4 by CSE.	Superoxides	15-19	activating transcription factor 4	Homo sapiens	62-66
21966644-7	2011	RESULTS: Superoxide levels increased 1.4-fold in the muscle of mice with cancer cachexia, and this was associated with a decrease in mRNA of NOX enzyme subunits, NOX2, p40(phox) and p67(phox) along with the antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2 and GPx.	Superoxides	9-19	interleukin 9	Mus musculus	168-171
21474673-1	2011	The small GTPase Rac1 is involved in the activation of the reduced NAD phosphate oxidase complex resulting in superoxide production.	Superoxides	110-120	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	17-21
21474673-3	2011	We report here that silencing and functional inhibition of Rac1 block Bcl-2-mediated increase in intracellular superoxide levels in tumor cells.	Superoxides	111-121	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	59-63
21474673-6	2011	That this interaction is functionally relevant is supported by the ability of the Bcl-2 BH3 peptide as well as the silencing and functional inhibition of Rac1 to inhibit intracellular superoxide production as well as overcome Bcl-2-mediated drug resistance in human leukemia cells and cervical cancer cells.	Superoxides	184-194	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	154-158
21641399-2	2011	Genetic defects of NADPH oxidase 2-based proteins interrupt phagocyte superoxide generation and are the basis for the human immunodeficiency chronic granulomatous disease (CGD).	Superoxides	70-80	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	19-34
21411480-5	2011	When the cells were transfected with a siRNA targeting the PRR, Nox4 expression was efficiently prevented as well as the increase in superoxide production, TGF-beta, fibronectin, and PAI-1.	Superoxides	133-143	ATPase H+ transporting accessory protein 2	Homo sapiens	59-62
21194376-5	2011	Inhibitors of Hsp90 also reduced superoxide from Nox1, Nox2 (neutrophils), and Nox3.	Superoxides	33-43	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	55-59
21327719-2	2011	A previous study showed that Ald induces hypertrophy of VSMCs by up-regulating NOX1, a catalytic subunit of NADPH oxidase that produces superoxides.	Superoxides	136-147	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	79-83
21410334-10	2011	In contrast, release of superoxide anions (hydroethidine method) after incubation with travoprost/timolol BAK was not significantly different from incubation with latanoprost/timolol BAK or travoprost/timolol PQ.	Superoxides	24-41	BCL2 antagonist/killer 1	Homo sapiens	106-109
21463685-0	2011	The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway mediates retinal progenitor cell survival under hypoxic and superoxide stress.	Superoxides	86-96	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Rattus norvegicus	13-17
29723186-4	2018	MPK3/MPK6 activation rapidly alters the expression of photosynthesis-related genes and inhibits photosynthesis, which promotes the accumulation of superoxide ([Formula: see text]) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), two major reactive oxygen species (ROS), in chloroplasts under light.	Superoxides	147-157	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-4
29723186-4	2018	MPK3/MPK6 activation rapidly alters the expression of photosynthesis-related genes and inhibits photosynthesis, which promotes the accumulation of superoxide ([Formula: see text]) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), two major reactive oxygen species (ROS), in chloroplasts under light.	Superoxides	147-157	MAP kinase 6	Arabidopsis thaliana	5-9
29313986-12	2018	PKD-dependent phosphorylation of DLP1 initiates DLP1 association with the OMM, which then enhances mitochondrial fragmentation, mitochondrial superoxide generation, mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening and apoptotic signalling.	Superoxides	142-152	protein kinase D1	Mus musculus	0-3
29313986-12	2018	PKD-dependent phosphorylation of DLP1 initiates DLP1 association with the OMM, which then enhances mitochondrial fragmentation, mitochondrial superoxide generation, mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening and apoptotic signalling.	Superoxides	142-152	dynamin 1-like	Rattus norvegicus	33-37
29313986-12	2018	PKD-dependent phosphorylation of DLP1 initiates DLP1 association with the OMM, which then enhances mitochondrial fragmentation, mitochondrial superoxide generation, mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening and apoptotic signalling.	Superoxides	142-152	dynamin 1-like	Rattus norvegicus	48-52
29174818-7	2018	In vitro study revealed that methylglyoxal-derived AGE (MG-AGE) incubation in isolated cardiomyocytes promoted oxidation of sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a) and production of superoxide, the effects of which were negated by the autophagy inducer rapamycin, the ER stress chaperone TUDCA or the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine.	Superoxides	193-203	ATPase, Ca++ transporting, cardiac muscle, slow twitch 2	Mus musculus	166-173
29195919-0	2018	S-Glutathionylation of p47phox sustains superoxide generation in activated neutrophils.	Superoxides	40-50	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	23-30
28285016-8	2018	This viewpoint changed recently with the discovery that GPER is associated with aging, particularly that of the cardiovascular system, where the GPER antagonist G36 reduced hypertension and GPER deficiency prevented cardiac fibrosis and vascular dysfunction with age, through the downregulation of Nox1 and as a consequence superoxide production.	Superoxides	324-334	G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	56-60
28285016-8	2018	This viewpoint changed recently with the discovery that GPER is associated with aging, particularly that of the cardiovascular system, where the GPER antagonist G36 reduced hypertension and GPER deficiency prevented cardiac fibrosis and vascular dysfunction with age, through the downregulation of Nox1 and as a consequence superoxide production.	Superoxides	324-334	G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	145-149
28285016-8	2018	This viewpoint changed recently with the discovery that GPER is associated with aging, particularly that of the cardiovascular system, where the GPER antagonist G36 reduced hypertension and GPER deficiency prevented cardiac fibrosis and vascular dysfunction with age, through the downregulation of Nox1 and as a consequence superoxide production.	Superoxides	324-334	G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	145-149
29594540-4	2018	As a sensing material for monitoring superoxide anion (O2 -) and typically operated at 0.5 V (vs. SCE), it displays high sensitivity (9.6 muA muM-1 cm-2), a low detection limit (9.7 nM at S/N = 3), a wide linear response range (10 nM to 10 muM), and fast response (1.6 s).	Superoxides	37-53	PWWP domain containing 3A, DNA repair factor	Homo sapiens	142-147
29594540-4	2018	As a sensing material for monitoring superoxide anion (O2 -) and typically operated at 0.5 V (vs. SCE), it displays high sensitivity (9.6 muA muM-1 cm-2), a low detection limit (9.7 nM at S/N = 3), a wide linear response range (10 nM to 10 muM), and fast response (1.6 s).	Superoxides	55-57	PWWP domain containing 3A, DNA repair factor	Homo sapiens	142-147
28942246-0	2017	Inhibition of hepatocyte nuclear factor 1b induces hepatic steatosis through DPP4/NOX1-mediated regulation of superoxide.	Superoxides	110-120	HNF1 homeobox B	Mus musculus	14-42
28942246-13	2017	Knockdown of HNF1b increased superoxide level and decreased glutathione content, which was inhibited by downregulation of DPP4 and NOX1.	Superoxides	29-39	HNF1 homeobox B	Mus musculus	13-18
28697922-6	2017	Interestingly, we observed that the intracellular NAG-1 protein induced by GL-V9 could, at least in part, localize in mitochondria where it might affect protein expression, thereby resulting in dissipation of mitochondria membrane potential (MMP) and accumulation of mitochondrial superoxide, eventually facilitating to apoptosis events.	Superoxides	281-291	growth differentiation factor 15	Homo sapiens	50-55
29022898-0	2017	Superoxide drives progression of Parkin/PINK1-dependent mitophagy following translocation of Parkin to mitochondria.	Superoxides	0-10	PTEN induced kinase 1	Homo sapiens	40-45
28724632-1	2017	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a ubiquitous antioxidant enzyme that catalytically converts the superoxide radical to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	94-112	Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Caenorhabditis elegans	22-25
28780636-5	2017	It was demonstrated that the acidic conditions promoted the photoconversion of CN-2 by the active groups such as superoxide radical anion, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical produced in the system.	Superoxides	113-137	carnosine dipeptidase 2	Homo sapiens	79-83
28673614-6	2017	H2O2 and the superoxide-generating quinoledione LY83583 both induced c-Src oxidation, SrcFK auto-phosphorylation and contraction in IPA.	Superoxides	13-23	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	69-74
28256000-4	2017	In the presence of DNP-INT, appearance of superoxide anion radicals outside thylakoid membrane represented approximately 60% of the total superoxide anion radicals produced.	Superoxides	42-67	inturned planar cell polarity protein	Homo sapiens	23-26
18635819-0	2011	Retraction: Platelet-derived RANTES mediates hypercholesterolemia-induced superoxide production and endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	74-84	C-C motif chemokine ligand 5	Homo sapiens	29-35
18952889-0	2011	Platelet-derived RANTES mediates hypercholesterolemia-induced superoxide production and endothelial dysfunction: retraction.	Superoxides	62-72	C-C motif chemokine ligand 5	Homo sapiens	17-23
21425153-7	2011	Increased activation of p38MAPK, MAPKAPK2, and Hsp27 was observed in lung cancer stem cells compared with control A549 cells both before and after exposure to superoxide and chemotoxic agents.	Superoxides	159-169	heat shock protein 1	Mus musculus	47-52
21425153-9	2011	CONCLUSIONS: The authors" data demonstrate that lung cancer stem cells have elevated levels of activated Hsp27 upon treatment with superoxide and traditional chemotherapy.	Superoxides	131-141	heat shock protein 1	Mus musculus	105-110
28256000-4	2017	In the presence of DNP-INT, appearance of superoxide anion radicals outside thylakoid membrane represented approximately 60% of the total superoxide anion radicals produced.	Superoxides	138-163	inturned planar cell polarity protein	Homo sapiens	23-26
28344090-6	2017	DCP-2 had stronger antioxidant activity against DPPH, hydroxyl, superoxide anion and ABTS radical, while DCP-1 had hardly any antioxidant activity and DCP had weaker antioxidant activity.	Superoxides	64-80	decapping mRNA 2	Mus musculus	0-5
21346177-7	2011	Uric acid-induced increase in MCP-1 production was blocked by scavenging superoxide or by inhibiting NADPH oxidase and by stimulating peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-gamma with rosiglitazone.	Superoxides	73-83	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2	Mus musculus	30-35
25490952-10	2015	Furthermore, Cd-induced superoxide and lipid peroxidation mediated activation of proapoptotic markers p21 and p53 in the developing embryo.	Superoxides	24-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
21340460-11	2011	These results indicate that c-Src in the PVN is involved in the enhanced CSAR and sympathetic activation in renovascular hypertension, and mediates the excitatory effects of Ang II in the PVN on the CSAR and sympathetic activity via NAD(P)H oxidase-derived generation of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	271-288	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	28-33
28587495-1	2017	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a mitochondrial-resident enzyme that reduces superoxide to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which can be further reduced to water by glutathione peroxidase (GPX1).	Superoxides	10-20	glutathione peroxidase 1	Homo sapiens	192-196
25699251-1	2015	The superoxide (O( -) 2)-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes consists of a membrane component, cytochrome b 558 (a heterodimer of Nox2 and p22 (phox) ), and four cytosolic components, p47 (phox) , p67 (phox) , p40 (phox) , and Rac.	Superoxides	4-14	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	142-145
28229168-7	2017	High frequency of CD14+CD16++ "nonclassical" monocytes was associated with increased vascular superoxide production.	Superoxides	94-104	Fc gamma receptor IIIa	Homo sapiens	23-27
21241727-10	2011	CONCLUSIONS: the impaired defense against mitochondrial superoxide formation in SOD2+/- mice prolongs JNK activation after APAP overdose and consequently further enhances the mitochondrial oxidant stress leading to exaggerated mitochondrial dysfunction, release of intermembrane proteins with nuclear DNA fragmentation and more necrosis.	Superoxides	56-66	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	102-105
21193407-12	2011	Stimulation with NB1-activating mAb triggered degranulation and superoxide production in mNB1(pos)/mPR3(high) neutrophils, and this effect was reduced using blocking antibodies to CD11b.	Superoxides	64-74	proteinase 3	Mus musculus	99-103
25699251-1	2015	The superoxide (O( -) 2)-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes consists of a membrane component, cytochrome b 558 (a heterodimer of Nox2 and p22 (phox) ), and four cytosolic components, p47 (phox) , p67 (phox) , p40 (phox) , and Rac.	Superoxides	4-14	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	187-190
21193407-12	2011	Stimulation with NB1-activating mAb triggered degranulation and superoxide production in mNB1(pos)/mPR3(high) neutrophils, and this effect was reduced using blocking antibodies to CD11b.	Superoxides	64-74	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	180-185
25329747-0	2015	Different influences of extracellular and intracellular superoxide on relaxation through the NO/sGC/cGMP pathway in isolated rat iliac arteries.	Superoxides	56-66	guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2	Rattus norvegicus	93-99
21160034-7	2011	Endothelial cells cultured on microfibrils prepared from Tsk(-/+) mice demonstrated reduced proliferation, a prooxidant state (reduced nitric oxide-to-superoxide anion ratio), increased apoptosis, and collagen-related protein expression associated with mesenchymal transition.	Superoxides	151-167	fibrillin 1	Mus musculus	57-60
28411231-6	2017	This protective effect of ANG-(1-7) was significantly attenuated by pretreatment with A779 (a Mas receptor antagonist) or Mito-TEMPO (a mitochondria-targeting superoxide scavenger) as well as blockade of Sirt3 (a deacetylation-acting protein) by viral vector-mediated overexpression of sirtuin (Sirt)3 short hairpin (sh)RNA.	Superoxides	159-169	angiogenin	Rattus norvegicus	26-29
28052871-2	2017	We hypothesized that myoglobin enhances the angiotensin II (ANG II) response in afferent arterioles by increasing superoxide and reducing nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability.	Superoxides	114-124	myoglobin	Mus musculus	21-30
25329747-1	2015	Superoxide production is increased in diseased blood vessels, which is considered to lead to impairment of the nitric oxide (NO)/soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC)/cGMP pathway.	Superoxides	0-10	guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2	Rattus norvegicus	156-159
28052871-11	2017	Myoglobin enhanced the superoxide-related fluorescence, and tempol prevented this enhancement.	Superoxides	23-33	myoglobin	Mus musculus	0-9
25329747-10	2015	These findings suggest that extracellular superoxide reacts with NO only outside the cell, whereas intracellular superoxide not only scavenges NO inside the cell but also shifts the sGC redox equilibrium.	Superoxides	42-52	guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2	Rattus norvegicus	182-185
28052871-14	2017	The results suggest that the enhanced afferent arteriolar reactivity to ANG II is mainly due to a myoglobin-induced increase in superoxide and associated reduction in the NO bioavailability.	Superoxides	128-138	myoglobin	Mus musculus	98-107
21164151-10	2011	These results indicate that superoxide anions in the PVN mediate the CSAR and the effects of ANG II in the PVN.	Superoxides	28-45	angiogenin	Rattus norvegicus	93-96
25329747-10	2015	These findings suggest that extracellular superoxide reacts with NO only outside the cell, whereas intracellular superoxide not only scavenges NO inside the cell but also shifts the sGC redox equilibrium.	Superoxides	113-123	guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2	Rattus norvegicus	182-185
26294939-3	2015	Besides, we indicated that superoxide dismutase (SOD) at 1000 unit/mL attenuated the increase in mitochondrial superoxide production, Prx 3 protein expression, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and improved the relative cell viability at 100 muM KI exposure.	Superoxides	27-37	peroxiredoxin 3	Rattus norvegicus	134-139
21278346-0	2011	GCN5 regulates the superoxide-generating system in leukocytes via controlling gp91-phox gene expression.	Superoxides	19-29	lysine acetyltransferase 2A	Homo sapiens	0-4
21278346-0	2011	GCN5 regulates the superoxide-generating system in leukocytes via controlling gp91-phox gene expression.	Superoxides	19-29	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	78-87
21278346-7	2011	When human monoblastic U937 cells were cultured in the presence of IFN-gamma, transcription of gp91-phox was remarkably upregulated, and the cells were differentiated to macrophage-like cells that can produce O(2)(-).	Superoxides	209-213	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	95-104
21278346-9	2011	These results suggested that GCN5 regulates the O(2)(-)-generating system in leukocytes via controlling the gp91-phox gene expression as a supervisor.	Superoxides	48-53	lysine acetyltransferase 2A	Homo sapiens	29-33
21278346-9	2011	These results suggested that GCN5 regulates the O(2)(-)-generating system in leukocytes via controlling the gp91-phox gene expression as a supervisor.	Superoxides	48-53	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	108-117
21072051-2	2011	Using targeted approaches against components of the superoxide-producing NADPH-oxidases, including NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2), NOX4 and the common p22(phox) subunit of NOX1-4, myeloid cells were found to display reduced cell growth and spontaneous migration.	Superoxides	52-62	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	99-114
21072051-2	2011	Using targeted approaches against components of the superoxide-producing NADPH-oxidases, including NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2), NOX4 and the common p22(phox) subunit of NOX1-4, myeloid cells were found to display reduced cell growth and spontaneous migration.	Superoxides	52-62	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	116-120
21268708-2	2011	Hamster fibroblasts (B9 cells) expressing a mutation in the gene coding for the mitochondrial electron transport chain protein succinate dehydrogenase subunit C (SDHC) demonstrate increases in steady-state levels of O2 - and H2O2.	Superoxides	216-218	succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit C	Homo sapiens	127-160
21268708-2	2011	Hamster fibroblasts (B9 cells) expressing a mutation in the gene coding for the mitochondrial electron transport chain protein succinate dehydrogenase subunit C (SDHC) demonstrate increases in steady-state levels of O2 - and H2O2.	Superoxides	216-218	succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit C	Homo sapiens	162-166
28242228-9	2017	S-glutathionylation catalysts diamide and disulfiram significantly reduced pyruvate or 2-oxoglutarate driven O2 -/ H2O2 production in liver mitochondria, results that were confirmed using various Pdh, 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (Ogdh), and respiratory chain inhibitors.	Superoxides	109-111	oxoglutarate (alpha-ketoglutarate) dehydrogenase (lipoamide)	Mus musculus	201-229
28242228-9	2017	S-glutathionylation catalysts diamide and disulfiram significantly reduced pyruvate or 2-oxoglutarate driven O2 -/ H2O2 production in liver mitochondria, results that were confirmed using various Pdh, 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (Ogdh), and respiratory chain inhibitors.	Superoxides	109-111	oxoglutarate (alpha-ketoglutarate) dehydrogenase (lipoamide)	Mus musculus	231-235
28108311-7	2017	Further, we found that RIP1 and RIP3 regulated shikonin-induced overproduction of ROS via causing excessive generation of mitochondrial superoxide and depletion of GSH, indicating that ROS was the downstream signal of RIP1 and RIP3.	Superoxides	136-146	receptor-interacting serine-threonine kinase 3	Mus musculus	32-36
28108311-7	2017	Further, we found that RIP1 and RIP3 regulated shikonin-induced overproduction of ROS via causing excessive generation of mitochondrial superoxide and depletion of GSH, indicating that ROS was the downstream signal of RIP1 and RIP3.	Superoxides	136-146	receptor-interacting serine-threonine kinase 3	Mus musculus	227-231
28109047-6	2017	In previous work, we designed a peptide based on a PDI redox motif (CGHC) that inhibited both PDI reductase activity and PDI-modulated superoxide generation by neutrophil Nox2.	Superoxides	135-145	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	171-175
21268708-7	2011	These results show that mammalian cells over expressing mutations in SDHC demonstrate low-dose/low-LET radiation sensitization that is mediated by increased levels of O2 - and H2O2.	Superoxides	167-169	succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit C	Homo sapiens	69-73
26409405-6	2015	In EPO-treated rats, superoxide formation in the motor neurons and proliferation of microglia were markedly suppressed in the acute phase.	Superoxides	21-31	erythropoietin	Rattus norvegicus	3-6
21368884-9	2011	Apart from CHOP, PON2 also diminished intrinsic apoptosis as it prevented mitochondrial superoxide formation, cardiolipin peroxidation, cytochrome c release, and caspase activation.	Superoxides	88-98	paraoxonase 2	Homo sapiens	17-21
28032259-0	2017	Role of the NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase NQR and the cytochrome b AIR12 in controlling superoxide generation at the plasma membrane.	Superoxides	89-99	ARP protein (REF)	Arabidopsis thaliana	43-46
28032259-0	2017	Role of the NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase NQR and the cytochrome b AIR12 in controlling superoxide generation at the plasma membrane.	Superoxides	89-99	LOC100797098	Glycine max	55-67
27920123-6	2017	Insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of protein kinase B was increased in hIRECO EC as was Nox2 NADPH oxidase-dependent generation of superoxide, whereas insulin-stimulated and shear stress-stimulated eNOS activations were blunted.	Superoxides	132-142	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	89-93
27920123-9	2017	CONCLUSIONS: Enhancing insulin sensitivity specifically in EC leads to a paradoxical decline in endothelial function, mediated by increased tyrosine phosphorylation of eNOS and excess Nox2-derived superoxide.	Superoxides	197-207	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	184-188
26036139-2	2015	Twenty-four-hour treatment of coleoptile segments with 10 nM solutions of 24-EBL and 24-ECS led to a transient increase in the generation of superoxide anion radical by cell surface and the subsequent activation of superoxide dismutase and catalase.	Superoxides	141-165	catalase-1	Triticum aestivum	240-248
28120038-2	2017	Mitochondrial NHE1 blockade delays permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening and reduces superoxide levels, two critical events exacerbated in cells of diseased hearts.	Superoxides	91-101	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Rattus norvegicus	14-18
21123558-0	2010	Bax regulates production of superoxide in both apoptotic and nonapoptotic neurons: role of caspases.	Superoxides	28-38	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	0-3
21123558-1	2010	A Bax- and, apparently, mitochondria-dependent increase in superoxide (O(2)( -)) and other reactive oxygen species (ROS) occurs in apoptotic superior cervical ganglion (SCG) and cerebellar granule (CG) neurons.	Superoxides	59-69	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	2-5
21123558-1	2010	A Bax- and, apparently, mitochondria-dependent increase in superoxide (O(2)( -)) and other reactive oxygen species (ROS) occurs in apoptotic superior cervical ganglion (SCG) and cerebellar granule (CG) neurons.	Superoxides	71-75	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	2-5
21123558-3	2010	We used the O(2)( -)-sensitive dye MitoSOX to monitor O(2)( -) in neurons expressing different levels of Bax and mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD2).	Superoxides	12-16	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	105-108
21123558-9	2010	O(2)( -) levels in nonapoptotic caspase 3-null SCG neurons were lower than in WT cells but not as low as in caspase inhibitor-treated cells.	Superoxides	0-4	caspase 3	Mus musculus	32-41
21123558-10	2010	These data indicate that Bax lies upstream of most O(2)( -) produced in neurons, that caspase 3 is required for increased O(2)( -) production during neuronal apoptosis, that caspase 3 is partially involved in O(2)( -) production in nonapoptotic neurons, and that other caspases may also be involved in Bax-dependent O(2)( -) production in nonapoptotic cells.	Superoxides	51-55	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	25-28
21123558-10	2010	These data indicate that Bax lies upstream of most O(2)( -) produced in neurons, that caspase 3 is required for increased O(2)( -) production during neuronal apoptosis, that caspase 3 is partially involved in O(2)( -) production in nonapoptotic neurons, and that other caspases may also be involved in Bax-dependent O(2)( -) production in nonapoptotic cells.	Superoxides	122-126	caspase 3	Mus musculus	86-95
21123558-10	2010	These data indicate that Bax lies upstream of most O(2)( -) produced in neurons, that caspase 3 is required for increased O(2)( -) production during neuronal apoptosis, that caspase 3 is partially involved in O(2)( -) production in nonapoptotic neurons, and that other caspases may also be involved in Bax-dependent O(2)( -) production in nonapoptotic cells.	Superoxides	122-126	caspase 3	Mus musculus	174-183
21123558-10	2010	These data indicate that Bax lies upstream of most O(2)( -) produced in neurons, that caspase 3 is required for increased O(2)( -) production during neuronal apoptosis, that caspase 3 is partially involved in O(2)( -) production in nonapoptotic neurons, and that other caspases may also be involved in Bax-dependent O(2)( -) production in nonapoptotic cells.	Superoxides	51-59	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	25-28
21123558-10	2010	These data indicate that Bax lies upstream of most O(2)( -) produced in neurons, that caspase 3 is required for increased O(2)( -) production during neuronal apoptosis, that caspase 3 is partially involved in O(2)( -) production in nonapoptotic neurons, and that other caspases may also be involved in Bax-dependent O(2)( -) production in nonapoptotic cells.	Superoxides	122-126	caspase 3	Mus musculus	86-95
21123558-10	2010	These data indicate that Bax lies upstream of most O(2)( -) produced in neurons, that caspase 3 is required for increased O(2)( -) production during neuronal apoptosis, that caspase 3 is partially involved in O(2)( -) production in nonapoptotic neurons, and that other caspases may also be involved in Bax-dependent O(2)( -) production in nonapoptotic cells.	Superoxides	122-126	caspase 3	Mus musculus	174-183
20553682-0	2010	Vascular superoxide production by endothelin-1 requires Src non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase and MAPK activation.	Superoxides	9-19	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	56-59
20553682-3	2010	At 2 h, ET-1 induced an increase in NADPH oxidase-driven O(2)(*-) production in rat isolated aortic rings, which was completely suppressed in PP2 (c-Src inhibitor)-pretreated rings, whereas PP3 (inactive analogue of PP2) was without effect.	Superoxides	57-65	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	147-152
20479714-5	2010	The effect of inhibiting diabetes-induced retinal superoxide accumulation on MMP2 and its regulators was investigated in diabetic mice overexpressing mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (MnSOD).	Superoxides	50-60	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Mus musculus	77-81
21082491-2	2010	The cytochrome b-245 alpha gene (CYBA) encodes cytochrome b-245 alpha light chain (p22phox peptide), a critical element of NAD(P)H oxidases, the most important source of superoxide anion in the cerebral arteries.	Superoxides	170-186	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	4-16
28161087-6	2017	In vitro antioxidant activity assay proved that LEP-2a possessed significant scavenging activities on superoxide, hydroxyl and DPPH radical.	Superoxides	102-112	late cornified envelope 1B	Homo sapiens	48-53
28240310-4	2017	Real time PCR, western blot and knock down assays demonstrate that IL-27 is able to enhance the potential of superoxide production not only during differentiation but also in terminally differentiated-macrophages and immature dendritic cells (iDC) in association with the induction of p47phox, a cytosolic component of the ROS producing enzyme, NADPH oxidase, and the increase in amounts of phosphorylated p47phox upon stimulation.	Superoxides	109-119	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	285-292
28240310-4	2017	Real time PCR, western blot and knock down assays demonstrate that IL-27 is able to enhance the potential of superoxide production not only during differentiation but also in terminally differentiated-macrophages and immature dendritic cells (iDC) in association with the induction of p47phox, a cytosolic component of the ROS producing enzyme, NADPH oxidase, and the increase in amounts of phosphorylated p47phox upon stimulation.	Superoxides	109-119	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	406-413
25326534-0	2014	The SIRT1 activator SRT1720 reverses vascular endothelial dysfunction, excessive superoxide production, and inflammation with aging in mice.	Superoxides	81-91	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	4-9
25326583-0	2014	Nox2-dependent glutathionylation of endothelial NOS leads to uncoupled superoxide production and endothelial barrier dysfunction in acute lung injury.	Superoxides	71-81	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	36-51
20226235-6	2010	It was observed that superoxide production through the activation of the calcium-dependent enzymes, phospholipase A(2) (cPLA(2)) and xanthine oxidase (XaO), contributes to neuronal damage, while nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is apparently not involved.	Superoxides	21-31	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	120-127
25326583-2	2014	Under conditions of limited substrate or cofactor availability or by enzymatic modification, eNOS may become uncoupled, producing superoxide in lieu of NO.	Superoxides	130-140	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	93-97
20304813-3	2010	Inhibitors of Nox2 (0.1 mM apocynin and 50 muM gp91-dstat) and mitochondrial electron transport (10 muM antimycin and rotenone) decreased superoxide generation in BPA without affecting contraction to 25 mM KCl or the HPV response.	Superoxides	138-148	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Bos taurus	14-18
28179506-6	2017	Arteries of wild-type mice injected with rhTRX or mice with TRX overexpression exhibited decreased arterial stiffness, greater endothelium-dependent relaxation, increased nitric oxide production, and decreased superoxide anion (O2 -) generation compared to either saline-injected aged wild-type mice or mice with TRX deficiency.	Superoxides	210-226	thioredoxin 1	Mus musculus	43-46
28179506-6	2017	Arteries of wild-type mice injected with rhTRX or mice with TRX overexpression exhibited decreased arterial stiffness, greater endothelium-dependent relaxation, increased nitric oxide production, and decreased superoxide anion (O2 -) generation compared to either saline-injected aged wild-type mice or mice with TRX deficiency.	Superoxides	228-230	thioredoxin 1	Mus musculus	43-46
20304813-4	2010	Transfection of BPA with small inhibitory RNA (siRNA) for Nox2 and Nox4 decreased Nox2 and Nox4 protein expression, respectively, associated with an attenuation of superoxide detection, without affecting 25 mM KCl contraction.	Superoxides	164-174	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Bos taurus	58-62
20304813-9	2010	Thus Nox2 and mitochondria are sources for superoxide generation in BPA, which do not appear to influence the HPV response.	Superoxides	43-53	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Bos taurus	5-9
25326583-3	2014	This study was designed to investigate how eNOS-dependent superoxide production contributes to endothelial barrier dysfunction in inflammatory lung injury and its regulation.	Superoxides	58-68	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	43-47
25326583-9	2014	LPS-induced superoxide production and permeability in HLMVEC were inhibited by the NOS inhibitor nitro-l-arginine methyl ester, eNOS-targeted siRNA, the eNOS cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin, and superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	12-22	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	128-132
25326583-9	2014	LPS-induced superoxide production and permeability in HLMVEC were inhibited by the NOS inhibitor nitro-l-arginine methyl ester, eNOS-targeted siRNA, the eNOS cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin, and superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	12-22	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	153-157
25326583-12	2014	These data indicate that eNOS uncoupling contributes to superoxide production and barrier dysfunction in the lung microvasculature after exposure to LPS.	Superoxides	56-66	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	25-29
27543673-3	2017	Whether PI(3)P-p40phox-regulated superoxide production contributes to regulating inflammatory responses is not well understood.	Superoxides	33-43	neutrophil cytosolic factor 4	Mus musculus	15-22
25501034-4	2014	The initial cold-induced vasoconstriction is mediated via TRPA1-dependent superoxide production that stimulates alpha2C-adrenoceptors and Rho-kinase-mediated MLC phosphorylation, downstream of TRPA1 activation.	Superoxides	74-84	megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts 1 homolog (human)	Mus musculus	158-161
27816504-0	2017	NADPH oxidase (NOX) 1 mediates cigarette smoke-induced superoxide generation in rat vascular smooth muscle cells.	Superoxides	55-65	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-21
27816504-7	2017	NOX, specifically NOX1 was found to be an important cellular source of superoxide through experiments with the NOX inhibitors diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) and VAS2870 as well as isoform-specific NOX knockdown.	Superoxides	71-81	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	18-22
28173585-11	2017	The mitigating effect of auxin is explained by competition of auxin- and RboH-triggered signaling for superoxide anions.	Superoxides	102-119	respiratory burst oxidase homolog protein C-like	Nicotiana tabacum	73-77
20357031-1	2010	We previously demonstrated that K depletion inhibited ROMK-like small-conductance K channels (SK) in the cortical collecting duct (CCD) and that the effect was mediated by superoxide anions that stimulated Src family protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) (51).	Superoxides	172-189	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	206-209
20211249-3	2010	Previously, it has been demonstrated that the redox cycling of GM by NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase leads to the formation of the GM semiquinone and superoxide radicals, the latter being identified using spin-trapping.	Superoxides	150-160	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	69-100
20211249-5	2010	Our data demonstrate that superoxide can be efficiently trapped during the reduction of GM, 17-AAG and 17-DMAG by NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase, and that superoxide formation rate followed the order 17-DMAG &gt; 17-AAG &gt; GM.	Superoxides	26-36	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	114-145
20439821-0	2010	Angiotensin II-induced vascular smooth muscle cell migration and growth are mediated by cytochrome P450 1B1-dependent superoxide generation.	Superoxides	118-128	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily b, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	88-107
20074642-8	2010	These results demonstrate that in COS(phox) cells, P-Rex1 is a critical component for FPR1-mediated signaling leading to NADPH oxidase activation, and there is a crosstalk between the P-Rex1-Rac pathway and Akt in superoxide generation.	Superoxides	214-224	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	191-194
25866628-2	2014	Chloride channel-3 (CLC3) in eosinophils has been associated with superoxide generation and respiratory burst.	Superoxides	66-76	chloride voltage-gated channel 3	Homo sapiens	0-18
20025971-0	2010	VEGF up-regulation by G93A superoxide dismutase and the role of malate-aspartate shuttle inhibition.	Superoxides	27-37	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Mus musculus	0-4
29296942-5	2017	NCF1 DeltaGT results in premature termination, undetectable protein expression, and defective production of antimicrobial superoxide in neutrophils.	Superoxides	122-132	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
27729543-8	2016	Knockdown of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), the mitochondrial form of SOD, completely suppressed glucose-induced H2O2 Furthermore, glucose also induced mitochondrial superoxide and H2O2 production, which preceded the appearance of cytosolic H2O2 Therefore, glucose-induced H2O2 largely originated from mitochondria.	Superoxides	13-23	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	37-41
27729543-8	2016	Knockdown of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), the mitochondrial form of SOD, completely suppressed glucose-induced H2O2 Furthermore, glucose also induced mitochondrial superoxide and H2O2 production, which preceded the appearance of cytosolic H2O2 Therefore, glucose-induced H2O2 largely originated from mitochondria.	Superoxides	13-23	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	37-40
25866628-2	2014	Chloride channel-3 (CLC3) in eosinophils has been associated with superoxide generation and respiratory burst.	Superoxides	66-76	chloride voltage-gated channel 3	Homo sapiens	20-24
19946124-8	2010	Disruption of eNOS-beta-actin interaction in endothelial cells using ABS peptide 326 resulted in decreased NO production, increased superoxide formation, and decreased endothelial monolayer wound repair, which was prevented by PEG-SOD and NO donor NOC-18.	Superoxides	132-142	POTE ankyrin domain family member F	Homo sapiens	19-29
25313982-4	2014	NQO2 modulates the levels of acetaminophen derived reactive oxygen species, more specifically superoxide anions, in cultured cells.	Superoxides	94-111	N-ribosyldihydronicotinamide:quinone reductase 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
19946124-9	2010	Taken together, this novel finding indicates that beta-actin binding to eNOS through residues 326-333 in the eNOS protein results in shifting the enzymatic activity from superoxide formation toward NO production.	Superoxides	170-180	POTE ankyrin domain family member F	Homo sapiens	50-60
19946124-10	2010	Modulation of NO and superoxide formation from eNOS by beta-actin plays an important role in endothelial function.	Superoxides	21-31	POTE ankyrin domain family member F	Homo sapiens	55-65
19923407-0	2010	Rac1 mediates NaCl-induced superoxide generation in the thick ascending limb.	Superoxides	27-37	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
19923407-5	2010	We hypothesized that increasing luminal NaCl within the physiological range activates Rac1 and NADPH oxidase and, thereby, increases O(2)(-) production.	Superoxides	133-137	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	86-90
19923407-13	2010	Similarly, in vivo treatment of TALs with adenovirus expressing dominant-negative Rac1 decreased NaCl-induced O(2)(-) generation by 60% compared with control (0.33 +/- 0.04 vs. 0.81 +/- 0.17 nmol O(2)(-) x min(-1) x mg protein(-1), n = 6, P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	110-114	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	82-86
27830987-4	2016	Since AOX indirectly, is able to control the synthesis of important signaling molecules like hydrogen peroxide, superoxide, nitric oxide, thus it is also helping in stress signaling.	Superoxides	112-122	acyl-CoA oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	6-9
25313982-6	2014	We suggest that NQO2 mediated superoxide production may function as a novel mechanism augmenting acetaminophen toxicity.	Superoxides	30-40	N-ribosyldihydronicotinamide:quinone reductase 2	Homo sapiens	16-20
25163518-0	2014	Mechanisms of NFATc3 activation by increased superoxide and reduced hydrogen peroxide in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle.	Superoxides	45-55	nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic, calcineurin dependent 3	Mus musculus	14-20
27694440-5	2016	In cells in which TRPM2 was depleted, mitochondrial superoxide production was significantly increased, particularly following doxorubicin.	Superoxides	52-62	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 2	Homo sapiens	18-23
19892704-0	2010	Decreased superoxide production in macrophages of long-lived p66Shc knock-out mice.	Superoxides	10-20	src homology 2 domain-containing transforming protein C1	Mus musculus	61-67
25163518-2	2014	We also showed that this reciprocal change in O2( -) and H2O2 is associated with elevated activity of nuclear factor of activated T cells isoform c3 (NFATc3) in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMC).	Superoxides	46-48	nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic, calcineurin dependent 3	Mus musculus	150-156
19892704-3	2010	Our microarray analysis of p66Shc(-/-) mouse tissues showed alterations in transcripts involved in heme and superoxide production and insulin signaling.	Superoxides	108-118	src homology 2 domain-containing transforming protein C1	Mus musculus	27-33
19892704-5	2010	p66Shc(-/-) mice had a 40% reduction in PHOX-dependent superoxide production.	Superoxides	55-65	src homology 2 domain-containing transforming protein C1	Mus musculus	0-6
25163518-5	2014	This study evaluated the importance of O2( -) and H2O2 in the regulation of NFATc3 activity.	Superoxides	39-41	nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic, calcineurin dependent 3	Mus musculus	76-82
19892704-6	2010	To confirm whether the defect in superoxide production was a direct consequence of p66Shc deficiency, p66Shc was knocked down with siRNA in the macrophage cell line RAW264, and a 30% defect in superoxide generation was observed.	Superoxides	193-203	src homology 2 domain-containing transforming protein C1	Mus musculus	102-108
19892704-10	2010	Thus, p66Shc deficiency causes a defect in activation of the PHOX complex that results in decreased superoxide production.	Superoxides	100-110	src homology 2 domain-containing transforming protein C1	Mus musculus	6-12
19892704-12	2010	Because phagocyte-derived superoxide is often a component of oxidant injury and inflammation, we suggest that the decreased superoxide production by PHOX in p66Shc-deficient mice could contribute significantly to their relative protection from oxidant injury and consequent longevity.	Superoxides	26-36	src homology 2 domain-containing transforming protein C1	Mus musculus	157-163
19892704-12	2010	Because phagocyte-derived superoxide is often a component of oxidant injury and inflammation, we suggest that the decreased superoxide production by PHOX in p66Shc-deficient mice could contribute significantly to their relative protection from oxidant injury and consequent longevity.	Superoxides	124-134	src homology 2 domain-containing transforming protein C1	Mus musculus	157-163
20204742-4	2010	Additional studies have revealed an important contribution of superoxide anion (O2-)-induced RhoA activation to both receptor-mediated and membrane depolarization-induced myofilament Ca2+ sensitization in hypertensive pulmonary arteries.	Superoxides	62-78	ras homolog family member A	Rattus norvegicus	93-97
20204742-4	2010	Additional studies have revealed an important contribution of superoxide anion (O2-)-induced RhoA activation to both receptor-mediated and membrane depolarization-induced myofilament Ca2+ sensitization in hypertensive pulmonary arteries.	Superoxides	80-82	ras homolog family member A	Rattus norvegicus	93-97
27529477-6	2016	Tempol, a superoxide scavenger, mimicked the effects of NOS-1 inhibition on inotropism and protein S-nitrosylation; whereas selective NOS-3 inhibitor L-N5-(1-Iminoethyl)ornithine had no effect.	Superoxides	10-20	nitric oxide synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	56-61
27091647-3	2016	As an alternative approach, we analyzed ex vivo neutrophilic superoxide inhibition in response to beta2 AR stimulation.	Superoxides	61-71	adrenoceptor beta 2	Homo sapiens	98-106
27091647-5	2016	Furthermore, we assessed effects of genetic variants in beta2 AR by sequencing the ADRB2 gene in our cohort and relating genotypes to beta2 AR-mediated neutrophilic superoxide inhibition.	Superoxides	165-175	adrenoceptor beta 2	Homo sapiens	134-142
20204742-5	2010	Xanthine oxidase and NADPH oxidase isoforms are potential sources of O2- that mediate RhoA-dependent vasoconstriction and associated pulmonary hypertension.	Superoxides	69-71	ras homolog family member A	Rattus norvegicus	86-90
25163518-8	2014	We further demonstrate that O2( -) promotes, while H2O2 inhibits, NFATc3 activation in PASMC.	Superoxides	28-30	nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic, calcineurin dependent 3	Mus musculus	66-72
27279484-2	2016	The present study focused on the role of Nox4 and p67phox/Nox2 in the generation of H2O2 and O2 ( -) in the renal medullary thick ascending limb of Henle (mTAL) of SS rats in response to increasing luminal flow (from 5 to 20 nl/min).	Superoxides	86-88	NADPH oxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	41-45
25163518-9	2014	Additionally, increased O2( -)-to-H2O2 ratio activates NFATc3, even in the absence of a Gq protein-coupled receptor agonist.	Superoxides	24-26	nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic, calcineurin dependent 3	Mus musculus	55-61
27279484-2	2016	The present study focused on the role of Nox4 and p67phox/Nox2 in the generation of H2O2 and O2 ( -) in the renal medullary thick ascending limb of Henle (mTAL) of SS rats in response to increasing luminal flow (from 5 to 20 nl/min).	Superoxides	86-88	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	58-62
19828843-0	2010	Effect of xanthine oxidase-generated extracellular superoxide on skeletal muscle force generation.	Superoxides	51-61	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	10-26
25158771-11	2014	CONCLUSIONS: Upregulation of NR2B phosphorylation at Y1472 after neonatal HI is involved in superoxide-mediated oxidative stress and contributes to brain injury.	Superoxides	92-102	glutamate receptor, ionotropic, NMDA2B (epsilon 2)	Mus musculus	29-33
19828843-2	2010	We tested the hypotheses that 1) after an isometric contraction protocol, xanthine oxidase (XO) activity is a source of superoxide anion in the extracellular space of skeletal muscle and 2) the increase in XO-derived extracellular superoxide anion during contractions affects skeletal muscle contractile function.	Superoxides	120-136	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	74-90
19828843-2	2010	We tested the hypotheses that 1) after an isometric contraction protocol, xanthine oxidase (XO) activity is a source of superoxide anion in the extracellular space of skeletal muscle and 2) the increase in XO-derived extracellular superoxide anion during contractions affects skeletal muscle contractile function.	Superoxides	120-136	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	92-94
19828843-2	2010	We tested the hypotheses that 1) after an isometric contraction protocol, xanthine oxidase (XO) activity is a source of superoxide anion in the extracellular space of skeletal muscle and 2) the increase in XO-derived extracellular superoxide anion during contractions affects skeletal muscle contractile function.	Superoxides	120-136	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	206-208
19828843-2	2010	We tested the hypotheses that 1) after an isometric contraction protocol, xanthine oxidase (XO) activity is a source of superoxide anion in the extracellular space of skeletal muscle and 2) the increase in XO-derived extracellular superoxide anion during contractions affects skeletal muscle contractile function.	Superoxides	231-247	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	74-90
19828843-2	2010	We tested the hypotheses that 1) after an isometric contraction protocol, xanthine oxidase (XO) activity is a source of superoxide anion in the extracellular space of skeletal muscle and 2) the increase in XO-derived extracellular superoxide anion during contractions affects skeletal muscle contractile function.	Superoxides	231-247	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	206-208
19828843-5	2010	Mice treated with the XO inhibitor oxypurinol showed a smaller increase in superoxide anions in muscle microdialysates following contractions than in microdialysates from muscles of vehicle-treated mice.	Superoxides	75-85	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	22-24
19828843-9	2010	Thus these studies indicate that XO activity contributes to the increased superoxide anion detected within the extracellular space of skeletal muscles during nondamaging contractile activity and that XO-derived superoxide anion or derivatives of this radical have a positive effect on muscle force generation during isometric contractions of mouse skeletal muscles.	Superoxides	74-90	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	33-35
29235764-5	2016	Under decreased cytochrome b5 levels the electrons are transferred to oxygen, which leads to heightened generation of superoxide (O2 -) in comparison to control.	Superoxides	118-128	cytochrome b5 type A	Rattus norvegicus	16-29
25056956-0	2014	Arachidonic acid induces direct interaction of the p67(phox)-Rac complex with the phagocyte oxidase Nox2, leading to superoxide production.	Superoxides	117-127	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	55-59
27050287-2	2016	Stimulated neutrophils activate their NADPH oxidase (NOX2) to generate large amounts of superoxide, which acts as a precursor of hydrogen peroxide and other reactive oxygen species that are generated by their heme enzyme myeloperoxidase.	Superoxides	88-98	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	53-57
27050287-3	2016	When neutrophils engulf bacteria they enclose them in small vesicles (phagosomes) into which superoxide is released by activated NOX2 on the internalized neutrophil membrane.	Superoxides	93-103	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	129-133
26921441-0	2016	20-HETE-induced mitochondrial superoxide production and inflammatory phenotype in vascular smooth muscle is prevented by glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase inhibition.	Superoxides	30-40	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	121-154
26898501-3	2016	Using a number of TrxR1 mutant variants, we here found that a sole Cys residue at the C-terminal tail of TrxR1 is required for high-efficiency juglone-coupled NADPH oxidase activity of Sec-deficient enzyme, occurring with mixed one- and two-electron reactions producing superoxide.	Superoxides	270-280	thioredoxin reductase 1	Homo sapiens	105-110
27018067-6	2016	In addition, the increased production of ROS such as superoxide and hydroxyl radical by PM exposure increases MMPs including MMP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9, resulting in the degradation of collagen.	Superoxides	53-63	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	143-148
19681754-3	2009	Noxs (NADPH oxidases) are well-known sources of superoxide, which contribute to the antimicrobial capabilities of macrophages, a process involving the prototypical member of the family referred to as Nox2.	Superoxides	48-58	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	200-204
19635469-1	2009	A novel electrochemical sensor was used in this study to determine the correlations between jugular venous O(2)(-) and HMGB1, malondialdehyde (MDA), and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in rats with forebrain ischemia/reperfusion (FBI/R).	Superoxides	107-111	high mobility group box 1	Rattus norvegicus	119-124
19635469-9	2009	Here, we report the correlation between O(2)(-) and HMGB1, MDA, and sICAM-1 in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, using a novel electrochemical sensor.	Superoxides	40-44	high mobility group box 1	Rattus norvegicus	52-57
25056956-1	2014	The phagocyte NADPH oxidase Nox2, heterodimerized with p22(phox) in the membrane, is dormant in resting cells but becomes activated upon cell stimulation to produce superoxide, a precursor of microbicidal oxidants.	Superoxides	165-175	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	55-58
19751728-1	2009	The NADPH-oxidase of phagocytic cells is a multicomponent enzyme that generates superoxide.	Superoxides	80-90	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	4-9
25056956-1	2014	The phagocyte NADPH oxidase Nox2, heterodimerized with p22(phox) in the membrane, is dormant in resting cells but becomes activated upon cell stimulation to produce superoxide, a precursor of microbicidal oxidants.	Superoxides	165-175	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	59-63
19666844-5	2009	Anti-MCP-1 attenuated superoxide production and the protein expression of nitrotyrosine, which is an indicator of peroxynitrite production, in isolated coronary arterioles of Lepr(db) mice.	Superoxides	22-32	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2	Mus musculus	5-10
26724393-3	2016	The phagocytes produce ROS (reactive oxygen species) through activation of the NOX2 complex, which generates superoxide.	Superoxides	109-119	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	79-83
25056956-6	2014	However, even when constitutively active forms of p47(phox) and Rac1 are both expressed in HeLa cells, superoxide production by Nox2 is scarcely induced in the absence of AA.	Superoxides	103-113	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	50-53
19438290-3	2009	Nox1 and Nox3 are similar to the phagocytic (Nox2-based) oxidase, functioning as multicomponent superoxide-generating enzymes.	Superoxides	96-106	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	45-49
26768586-13	2016	We demonstrate that GB decreases superoxide generation and the subsequent apoptosis through reduction of p53-mediated NOX4/p66(shc) pathway via up-regulation of miR214, resulting in attenuation of cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	33-43	SHC adaptor protein 1	Homo sapiens	127-130
25056956-6	2014	However, even when constitutively active forms of p47(phox) and Rac1 are both expressed in HeLa cells, superoxide production by Nox2 is scarcely induced in the absence of AA.	Superoxides	103-113	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	54-58
25158065-4	2014	Loss of Cav-1 expression results in NOS3 hyperactivation and uncoupling, converting NOS3 into a source of superoxide radicals, peroxynitrite, and oxidative stress.	Superoxides	106-125	caveolin 1, caveolae protein	Mus musculus	8-13
26454083-3	2016	A NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (P450R) was isolated and identified from rat liver microsomes as the enzyme responsible for not only the release of nitrite from TNT but also formation of superoxide and 4-hydroxyamino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (4-HADNT) under aerobic conditions.	Superoxides	189-199	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	2-33
19616620-8	2009	The generation and attenuation of O(2)(-) were indirectly confirmed by plasma lipid peroxidation with malondialdehyde, endothelial injury with soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and microcirculatory dysfunction.	Superoxides	34-38	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	151-184
25158065-4	2014	Loss of Cav-1 expression results in NOS3 hyperactivation and uncoupling, converting NOS3 into a source of superoxide radicals, peroxynitrite, and oxidative stress.	Superoxides	106-125	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	84-88
24970888-0	2014	Molecular insights of p47phox phosphorylation dynamics in the regulation of NADPH oxidase activation and superoxide production.	Superoxides	105-115	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	22-25
19687351-2	2009	The NADPH oxidase constitutes a major source of superoxide anion in phagocytic cells, and its activation is associated with matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 secretion by these cells.	Superoxides	48-64	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	124-156
19602668-4	2009	STC1 induces the expression of mitochondrial UCP2, diminishing mitochondrial membrane potential and superoxide generation; studies in UCP2 null and gp91phox null macrophages suggest that suppression of superoxide by STC1 is UCP2-dependent yet is gp91phox-independent.	Superoxides	202-212	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	246-254
26884476-1	2016	Angiotensin II (Ang II) causes nitric oxide synthase (NOS) to become a source of superoxide (O2 (-)) via a protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent process in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	81-91	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	125-128
26884476-1	2016	Angiotensin II (Ang II) causes nitric oxide synthase (NOS) to become a source of superoxide (O2 (-)) via a protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent process in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	93-95	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	125-128
26884476-3	2016	We hypothesized that Ang II causes O2 (-) production by NOS in thick ascending limbs via a PKC-dependent mechanism.	Superoxides	35-37	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	91-94
25062272-3	2014	Nox4 may also be unusual as it reportedly releases hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in contrast to Nox1-Nox3 and Nox5, which release superoxide, although this result is controversial in part because of possible membrane compartmentalization of superoxide, which may prevent detection.	Superoxides	125-135	NADPH oxidase 3	Homo sapiens	96-100
19783863-6	2009	Moreover, we also confirmed that peroxynitrite formation and eNOS uncoupling-mediated superoxide generation in microvessels are inhibited by a novel calmodulin inhibitor.	Superoxides	86-96	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	61-65
25062272-3	2014	Nox4 may also be unusual as it reportedly releases hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in contrast to Nox1-Nox3 and Nox5, which release superoxide, although this result is controversial in part because of possible membrane compartmentalization of superoxide, which may prevent detection.	Superoxides	125-135	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	105-109
26351025-9	2015	Mechanistically, induction of heme oxygenase-1 by PETN prevented mitochondrial superoxide generation, NOX4 upregulation, and ensuing formation of extracellular matrix proteins in fibroblasts from failing hearts.	Superoxides	79-89	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	30-46
26160850-1	2015	p67(phox) is the paramount cytosolic regulator of the superoxide-generating Nox of phagocytes, by controlling the conformation of the catalytic component, Nox2.	Superoxides	54-64	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	155-159
26337205-9	2015	Inhibiting glycolysis increased superoxide and blocked autophagy in apoptosis-resistant cells, causing p62-dependent caspase-8 activation.	Superoxides	32-42	nucleoporin 62	Homo sapiens	103-106
20083859-3	2009	NADPH oxidases (Nox) are the predominant producers of superoxide in the vasculature, whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) are the major enzymes responsible for the inactivation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, respectively.	Superoxides	93-103	glutathione peroxidase 1	Homo sapiens	150-154
19647030-3	2009	Mitochondria are the major source of superoxide production, and SOD2 is mainly localized in mitochondria and, with other SODs, plays an important role in scavenging superoxide.	Superoxides	165-175	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	64-68
25081034-0	2014	TCR-triggered extracellular superoxide production is not required for T-cell activation.	Superoxides	28-38	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	0-3
19559082-7	2009	These results indicated that BaP induced NCF1/p47(phox) expression and subsequently enhanced superoxide anion production in PMA-treated human macrophages, in an AhR-dependent manner; such an NCF1/NADPH oxidase regulation by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons may participate in deleterious effects toward human health triggered by these environmental contaminants, including atherosclerosis and smoking-related diseases.	Superoxides	93-109	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	191-195
19357530-11	2009	The interaction between insulin resistance and abnormally high NADPH oxidase-mediated superoxide production was associated with the highest matrix metalloproteinase-9 values.	Superoxides	86-96	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	140-166
19473058-0	2009	Nitric oxide and superoxide anion differentially activate poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 and Bax to induce nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor and mitochondrial release of cytochrome c after spinal cord injury.	Superoxides	17-33	apoptosis inducing factor, mitochondria associated 1	Rattus norvegicus	131-156
19473058-4	2009	The augmented O(2)(.-) production, along with concomitant reduction in mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme activity or ATP level, nuclear translocation of AIF, cytosolic release of cytochrome c, and DNA fragmentation were reversed by osmotic minipump infusion of a NO trapping agent, carboxy-PTIO, or a superoxide dismutase mimetic, tempol, into the epicenter of the transected spinal cord.	Superoxides	14-18	apoptosis inducing factor, mitochondria associated 1	Rattus norvegicus	158-161
19473058-6	2009	We conclude that overproduction of NO and O(2)(.-) in the injured spinal cord promulgates mitochondrial dysfunction and triggers AIF- and caspase-dependent apoptotic signaling cascades via differential upregulation of nuclear PARP-1 and mitochondrial translocation of Bax.	Superoxides	42-46	apoptosis inducing factor, mitochondria associated 1	Rattus norvegicus	129-132
26335571-4	2015	Compared to other antioxidants that act against particular beta-cell damages, metallothionein (MT) is the most effective in protecting beta-cells from several oxidative stressors including nitric oxide, peroxynitrite, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide and streptozotocin (STZ).	Superoxides	237-247	tRNA glycine, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	95-97
26246018-0	2015	Deletion of capn4 Protects the Heart Against Endotoxemic Injury by Preventing ATP Synthase Disruption and Inhibiting Mitochondrial Superoxide Generation.	Superoxides	131-141	calpain, small subunit 1	Mus musculus	12-17
25081034-4	2014	RESULTS: To shed some light onto this issue, we specifically measured superoxide production upon TCR ligation in primary human and mouse T lymphocytes.	Superoxides	70-80	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	97-100
25081034-10	2014	CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, our data indicate that primary T cells produce extracellular superoxide upon TCR triggering, potentially via NOX2 at the plasma membrane.	Superoxides	88-98	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	104-107
19282511-1	2009	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an enzyme that catalytically removes the superoxide radical (*O2-) and protects organisms from oxidative damage during normal aging.	Superoxides	71-89	Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Caenorhabditis elegans	22-25
25050617-5	2014	In vivo, pharmacological inhibition of TAK1 with 5Z-7-oxozeaenol blocked the injury-induced phosphorylation of both TAK1 (Thr187) and NF-kB/p65 (Ser536), associated with marked inhibition of superoxide production, 3-nitrotyrosine, and MCP-1 in the injured arteries.	Superoxides	191-201	v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (avian)	Mus musculus	140-143
19282511-1	2009	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an enzyme that catalytically removes the superoxide radical (*O2-) and protects organisms from oxidative damage during normal aging.	Superoxides	92-94	Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Caenorhabditis elegans	22-25
19282511-3	2009	Interestingly, this suggests that the activity of SOD-1, which so far has been thought to act mainly in cytoplasm, helps to control the detoxification of *O2- also in the mitochondria.	Superoxides	155-157	Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Caenorhabditis elegans	50-55
27057461-1	2016	As a part of cellular pathogen defense, IFNgamma triggers induction of NADPH oxidase NOX2, which produces superoxide into phagosomes of immune cells.	Superoxides	106-116	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	85-89
25050617-6	2014	Cell culture experiments demonstrated that either siRNA knockdown or 5Z-7-oxozeaenol inhibition of TAK1 significantly attenuated NADPH oxidase activation and superoxide production induced by CD40L/CD40 stimulation.	Superoxides	158-168	CD40 ligand	Mus musculus	191-196
26100311-9	2015	Superoxide generation was higher and equal in neonatal CD4+ and CD8+ cells, respectively, compared to the adult ones.	Superoxides	0-10	CD8a molecule	Homo sapiens	64-67
19715503-1	2009	In-vitro effects of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) on superoxide production in phagocytic head kidney leucocytes (HKL) and in-vivo effects on plasma lysozyme levels were examined in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).	Superoxides	60-70	insulin-like growth factor I	Oncorhynchus mykiss	50-55
25184115-10	2014	Thus proline oxidation by proline dehydrogenase drives superoxide/H2O2 production, but it does so mainly or exclusively by providing anaplerotic carbon for other mitochondrial dehydrogenases and not by producing superoxide/H2O2 directly.	Superoxides	55-65	proline dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	26-47
19090790-1	2009	The superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase in phagocytes is crucial for host defence; its catalytic core is the membrane-integrated protein gp91phox [also known as Nox2 (NADPH oxidase 2)], which forms a stable heterodimer with p22phox.	Superoxides	4-14	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	136-144
19090790-1	2009	The superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase in phagocytes is crucial for host defence; its catalytic core is the membrane-integrated protein gp91phox [also known as Nox2 (NADPH oxidase 2)], which forms a stable heterodimer with p22phox.	Superoxides	4-14	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	160-164
19090790-1	2009	The superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase in phagocytes is crucial for host defence; its catalytic core is the membrane-integrated protein gp91phox [also known as Nox2 (NADPH oxidase 2)], which forms a stable heterodimer with p22phox.	Superoxides	4-14	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	166-181
19090790-3	2009	At the membrane, these proteins assemble with the gp91phox-p22phox heterodimer and induce a conformational change of gp91phox, leading to superoxide production.	Superoxides	138-148	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	50-58
25875385-5	2015	METHODS AND RESULTS: RBP4 treatment increased mitochondrial superoxide generation in a dose-dependent manner in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs).	Superoxides	60-70	retinol binding protein 4	Homo sapiens	21-25
25576627-6	2015	In gKO myocytes expressing Trpm2 or its mutants, Trpm2 but not E960D reduced the elevated mitochondrial superoxide (O2(.-)) levels in gKO myocytes.	Superoxides	104-114	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 2	Mus musculus	49-54
25750260-0	2015	Novel human homologues of p47phox and p67phox participate in activation of superoxide-producing NADPH oxidases.	Superoxides	75-85	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	26-33
19090790-3	2009	At the membrane, these proteins assemble with the gp91phox-p22phox heterodimer and induce a conformational change of gp91phox, leading to superoxide production.	Superoxides	138-148	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	117-125
19178557-7	2009	DISCUSSION: Prolonged seizures prompted NO-, O(2)(-)-, and peroxynitrite-dependent reduction in mitochondrial respiratory enzyme Complex I activity, leading to cytochrome c/caspase-3-dependent apoptotic cell death in the hippocampal CA3 subfield after induction of experimental temporal lobe status epilepticus.	Superoxides	45-50	carbonic anhydrase 3	Rattus norvegicus	233-236
19130504-3	2009	We have recently shown that the inducible expression of HIV-1 Nef in human macrophages cell line modulates in bi-phasic mode the superoxide anion release by NADPH oxidase, inducing a fast increase of the superoxide production, followed by a delayed strong inhibition mediated by Nef-induced soluble factor(s).	Superoxides	129-145	Nef	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	62-65
19130504-3	2009	We have recently shown that the inducible expression of HIV-1 Nef in human macrophages cell line modulates in bi-phasic mode the superoxide anion release by NADPH oxidase, inducing a fast increase of the superoxide production, followed by a delayed strong inhibition mediated by Nef-induced soluble factor(s).	Superoxides	129-139	Nef	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	62-65
25020117-10	2014	Both hsp90 and caveolin-1 have been shown to influence eNOS uncoupling and a peptide mimicking the scaffolding domain of caveolin-1 blocked the ability of PKCalpha to stimulate eNOS-derived superoxide.	Superoxides	190-200	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	5-10
19092850-6	2009	In contrast, TPA increased the level of manganese superoxide dismutase, which catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide into H(2)O(2) and O(2) without affecting the levels of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase or glutathione peroxidase 1, which removes H(2)O(2) using glutathione as substrate.	Superoxides	50-60	glutathione peroxidase 1	Homo sapiens	209-233
19714290-7	2009	RESULTS: IL-10 significantly inhibited IFN-gamma- or TNF-alpha-induced up-regulation of superoxide-producing activity in T84 cells by suppressing expression of Nox1 mRNA and protein.	Superoxides	88-98	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	9-14
25697226-3	2015	This complex mimics the putative Cu(II)(O2( -)) active species of the copper monooxygenase PHM and exhibits enhanced reactivity toward both O-H and C-H substrates in comparison to close analogues [(L)Cu(II)(O2( -))](+), where L contains only nitrogen donor atoms.	Superoxides	40-42	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	91-94
25697226-3	2015	This complex mimics the putative Cu(II)(O2( -)) active species of the copper monooxygenase PHM and exhibits enhanced reactivity toward both O-H and C-H substrates in comparison to close analogues [(L)Cu(II)(O2( -))](+), where L contains only nitrogen donor atoms.	Superoxides	207-209	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	91-94
24907870-6	2014	NO/heme-independent sGC activation provided protection over ACE inhibition against mitochondrial superoxide production and progressive fibrotic remodeling, ultimately leading to a further improvement of cardiac performance, hypertrophic growth and heart failure.	Superoxides	97-107	guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2	Rattus norvegicus	20-23
25460197-3	2015	In particular, we examined the levels of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal protein adducts (HNE-PA), a by-product of lipid peroxidation, and the activation of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2), as cellular source of superoxide (O(2)(-)), in surgically resected epileptic tissue from drug-resistant patients (N=50).	Superoxides	191-201	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	145-160
25520316-0	2015	Superoxide anion radicals induce IGF-1 resistance through concomitant activation of PTP1B and PTEN.	Superoxides	0-25	protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 1	Mus musculus	84-89
25520316-5	2015	Enhanced O2 - led to activation of the phosphatases PTP1B and PTEN, which via dephosphorylation of the IGF-1 receptor and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate dampened IGF-1 signalling.	Superoxides	9-11	protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 1	Mus musculus	52-57
25520316-6	2015	Genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of PTP1B and PTEN abrogated O2 --induced IGF-1 resistance and rescued the ageing skin phenotype.	Superoxides	65-67	protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 1	Mus musculus	40-45
18711728-6	2009	Furthermore, Ngb overexpression reduced superoxide anion generation after H/R, whereas glutathione levels were significantly improved compared with WT controls.	Superoxides	40-56	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	13-16
18714161-6	2009	Treatment with tempol or eNOS gene transfer decreased superoxide levels and medial SMC apoptosis, with a concomitant increase in medial SMC density.	Superoxides	54-64	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	25-29
18983820-4	2008	The inhibitors of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide, which were produced by mitochondria under stress, could inhibit the phosphorylation of c-Jun in XIAP knockdown cells.	Superoxides	40-50	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	139-144
24755467-6	2014	Notably, NOX4 silencing or superoxide scavenging was sufficient to block nuclear accumulation of HIF2alpha in RCC cells.	Superoxides	27-37	endothelial PAS domain protein 1	Mus musculus	97-106
18983820-4	2008	The inhibitors of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide, which were produced by mitochondria under stress, could inhibit the phosphorylation of c-Jun in XIAP knockdown cells.	Superoxides	40-50	X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis	Homo sapiens	148-152
24720662-0	2014	Suppression of NADPH oxidase- and mitochondrion-derived superoxide by Notoginsenoside R1 protects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through estrogen receptor-dependent activation of Akt/Nrf2 pathways.	Superoxides	56-66	estrogen receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	151-168
19064699-0	2008	MyD88-dependent, superoxide-initiated inflammation is necessary for flow-mediated inward remodeling of conduit arteries.	Superoxides	17-27	myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88	Mus musculus	0-5
18998656-4	2008	The effects of the para substitution on the charge density of the nitronyl-carbon and on the free energies of nitrone reactivity with O(2)(*-) and HO(2)(*) were computationally rationalized at the PCM/B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p)//B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory.	Superoxides	134-138	protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 22	Homo sapiens	203-206
26495730-4	2015	We made the assumption of the existence of the vicious circle of enhancing oxidative stress in organs of the cardiovascular system due to additional superoxide generation by uncoupling cNOS.	Superoxides	149-159	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	185-189
24709972-12	2014	Ang II in the PVN significantly enhanced CSAR and superoxide anions level, which was inhibited by PVN pretreatment with IMD or tempol (a superoxide anions scavenger) in Sham and CHF rats.	Superoxides	50-67	adrenomedullin 2	Rattus norvegicus	120-123
26819958-8	2015	Moreover, heparin caused a significant dose-dependent decrease in the rate of superoxide release from PMNLs, which was blunted by blocking antibodies to CD11b.	Superoxides	78-88	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	153-158
25326132-8	2015	Importantly, we also observed an induction of Notch3 and Hes1 expression in two murine models of muscle atrophy: a doxorubicin-induced cachexia model and an ALS murine model expressing mutated superoxide dismutase 1.	Superoxides	193-203	notch 3	Mus musculus	46-52
25688176-7	2015	The levels of superoxide anion radical and hydrogen peroxide as well as NADPH oxidase activity were also decreased in UUO kidneys of sEH (-/-) mice compared to that observed in WT mice.	Superoxides	14-38	epoxide hydrolase 2, cytoplasmic	Mus musculus	133-136
25151272-6	2014	Superoxide anion (O2(.-)) accumulation was measured with the reduction of ferricytochrome c. Compared with the control group, angiotensin II up-regulated expression of PKCbetaII, Pin-1 and PP2A, induced p66(Shc)-Ser(36) phosphorylation, and facilitated p66(Shc) mitochondrial translocation, resulting in O2(.-) accumulation, mitochondrial cytochrome c release, caspase 3 activation, and the inhibition of cell viability.	Superoxides	0-16	src homology 2 domain-containing transforming protein C1	Mus musculus	203-206
25151272-6	2014	Superoxide anion (O2(.-)) accumulation was measured with the reduction of ferricytochrome c. Compared with the control group, angiotensin II up-regulated expression of PKCbetaII, Pin-1 and PP2A, induced p66(Shc)-Ser(36) phosphorylation, and facilitated p66(Shc) mitochondrial translocation, resulting in O2(.-) accumulation, mitochondrial cytochrome c release, caspase 3 activation, and the inhibition of cell viability.	Superoxides	0-16	src homology 2 domain-containing transforming protein C1	Mus musculus	207-210
25151272-6	2014	Superoxide anion (O2(.-)) accumulation was measured with the reduction of ferricytochrome c. Compared with the control group, angiotensin II up-regulated expression of PKCbetaII, Pin-1 and PP2A, induced p66(Shc)-Ser(36) phosphorylation, and facilitated p66(Shc) mitochondrial translocation, resulting in O2(.-) accumulation, mitochondrial cytochrome c release, caspase 3 activation, and the inhibition of cell viability.	Superoxides	0-16	src homology 2 domain-containing transforming protein C1	Mus musculus	253-256
25151272-6	2014	Superoxide anion (O2(.-)) accumulation was measured with the reduction of ferricytochrome c. Compared with the control group, angiotensin II up-regulated expression of PKCbetaII, Pin-1 and PP2A, induced p66(Shc)-Ser(36) phosphorylation, and facilitated p66(Shc) mitochondrial translocation, resulting in O2(.-) accumulation, mitochondrial cytochrome c release, caspase 3 activation, and the inhibition of cell viability.	Superoxides	0-16	src homology 2 domain-containing transforming protein C1	Mus musculus	257-260
25151272-6	2014	Superoxide anion (O2(.-)) accumulation was measured with the reduction of ferricytochrome c. Compared with the control group, angiotensin II up-regulated expression of PKCbetaII, Pin-1 and PP2A, induced p66(Shc)-Ser(36) phosphorylation, and facilitated p66(Shc) mitochondrial translocation, resulting in O2(.-) accumulation, mitochondrial cytochrome c release, caspase 3 activation, and the inhibition of cell viability.	Superoxides	0-16	caspase 3	Mus musculus	361-370
19356108-1	2008	Increased heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression improves vascular function by decreasing superoxide and increasing antioxidant levels.	Superoxides	86-96	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	10-26
19356108-1	2008	Increased heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression improves vascular function by decreasing superoxide and increasing antioxidant levels.	Superoxides	86-96	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	28-32
18786175-8	2008	Inhibition of NADPH oxidase with apocynin reduced the MMP-9 increase, indicating a causal link between NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide and MMP-9 induction.	Superoxides	125-135	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Rattus norvegicus	54-59
18786175-8	2008	Inhibition of NADPH oxidase with apocynin reduced the MMP-9 increase, indicating a causal link between NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide and MMP-9 induction.	Superoxides	125-135	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Rattus norvegicus	140-145
24709972-13	2014	CONCLUSION: IMD in the PVN inhibits CSAR via AM receptor, and attenuates the effects of Ang II on CSAR and superoxide anions level in CHF rats.	Superoxides	107-124	adrenomedullin 2	Rattus norvegicus	12-15
18729006-7	2008	While it is understood that G6PD-derived NADPH, which is a cofactor for NADPH oxidase, enhances superoxide anion generation and elevates oxidative stress in diabetes, heart failure, and angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy of smooth muscle, there are no specific drugs available to study the role of G6PD and G6PD-derived NADPH in organ function and the development of human diseases.	Superoxides	96-112	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	28-32
18729006-7	2008	While it is understood that G6PD-derived NADPH, which is a cofactor for NADPH oxidase, enhances superoxide anion generation and elevates oxidative stress in diabetes, heart failure, and angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy of smooth muscle, there are no specific drugs available to study the role of G6PD and G6PD-derived NADPH in organ function and the development of human diseases.	Superoxides	96-112	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	41-46
25375125-8	2014	Analyses of peroxynitrite by quantitation of its biomarker nitrotyrosine, superoxide by dihydroethidium imaging and NO formation by diaminofluoroscein imaging showed that the protective actions of arginase 2 deletion were associated with blockade of superoxide and peroxynitrite formation and normalization of NOS activity.	Superoxides	250-260	arginase 2	Homo sapiens	197-207
18729006-7	2008	While it is understood that G6PD-derived NADPH, which is a cofactor for NADPH oxidase, enhances superoxide anion generation and elevates oxidative stress in diabetes, heart failure, and angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy of smooth muscle, there are no specific drugs available to study the role of G6PD and G6PD-derived NADPH in organ function and the development of human diseases.	Superoxides	96-112	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	72-77
24709972-14	2014	PVN superoxide anions involve in the effect of IMD on attenuating Ang II-induced CSAR response.	Superoxides	4-21	adrenomedullin 2	Rattus norvegicus	47-50
18678787-6	2008	Therefore, it can be concluded that the activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Akt pathway, in combination with the translocation of p47phox, p22phox, and Rac-1, contributes to the superoxide production induced by high glucose, resulting in the impairment of ATP-sensitive K(+) channel function in the human visceral artery.	Superoxides	190-200	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	142-149
25047750-10	2014	Last, menadione-induced superoxide generation was inhibited by AMPK pharmacologic activators and by overexpression of PGC-1alpha or FoxO3A.	Superoxides	24-34	forkhead box O3	Mus musculus	132-138
24765099-9	2014	Loss-of-function of AtPAO3 gene results to increased NADPH-oxidase-dependent production of superoxide anions ([Formula: see text] ), but not H2O2, which activate the mitochondrial alternative oxidase pathway (AOX).	Superoxides	91-108	polyamine oxidase 3	Arabidopsis thaliana	20-26
25182162-6	2014	In addition, collectrin-deficient mice display decreased dimerization of nitric oxide synthase and decreased nitric oxide synthesis, but enhanced superoxide generation, suggesting that deletion of collectrin leads to a state of nitric oxide synthase uncoupling.	Superoxides	146-156	collectrin, amino acid transport regulator	Mus musculus	13-23
18678787-6	2008	Therefore, it can be concluded that the activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Akt pathway, in combination with the translocation of p47phox, p22phox, and Rac-1, contributes to the superoxide production induced by high glucose, resulting in the impairment of ATP-sensitive K(+) channel function in the human visceral artery.	Superoxides	190-200	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	164-169
18714034-5	2008	C5 incubated with enzymatically active ASP induced neutrophil migration in a dose-dependent manner from an ASP concentration of 3 nM and in an incubation time-dependent manner in as little as 7 min, with neutrophil accumulation in guinea pigs at intradermal injection sites and neutrophil superoxide release.	Superoxides	289-299	complement C5	Cavia porcellus	0-2
18522938-4	2008	Here we show that superoxide formation at the ubiquinol oxidation center of the membrane-bound or purified cytochrome bc(1) complex is stimulated by the presence of oxidized ubiquinone indicating that in a reverse reaction the electron is transferred onto oxygen from reduced cytochrome b(L) via ubiquinone rather than during the forward ubiquinone cycle reaction.	Superoxides	18-28	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	107-119
25000478-7	2014	Wild-type (WT) and MPO-deficient (Mpo) mice were treated with Streptozotocin (STZ), which induced an increase of MPO plasma levels in WT mice and led to enhanced aortic superoxide generation as assessed by dihydroethidium staining in STZ-treated WT mice as compared with controls.	Superoxides	169-179	myeloperoxidase	Mus musculus	19-22
24880896-7	2014	Accordingly, VDRKO VSMC showed higher intracellular superoxide anion production, which could be suppressed by cathepsin D, angiotensin-II type 1 receptor or NADPH oxidase antagonists.	Superoxides	52-68	cathepsin D	Mus musculus	110-121
23795822-2	2014	Superoxide is well known to perturb nonheme iron proteins, including Fe/S proteins such as aconitase and succinate dehydrogenase, as well as other enzymes containing labile iron such as the prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing family of enzymes; whereas hydrogen peroxide is more specific for two-electron reactions with thiols on glutathione, glutaredoxin, thioredoxin, and the peroxiredoxins.	Superoxides	0-10	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	358-369
18180306-8	2008	Superoxide production by brain mitochondria isolated from vitamin E-deficient and Ttp-/- mice, measured by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, demonstrated a biphasic dependence on exogenously added alpha-tocopherol.	Superoxides	0-10	zinc finger protein 36	Mus musculus	82-85
18182393-7	2008	Enhanced JunD/JNK1-dependent liver injury correlated with the acute induction of diphenylene iodonium-sensitive NADPH-dependent superoxide production by the liver following I/R.	Superoxides	128-138	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	14-18
24140862-9	2014	In conclusion, endogenously produced O2(-) and H2O2 primarily contribute to NLRP3 inflammasome formation and activation in mouse glomeruli resulting in glomerular injury or consequent sclerosis during hHcys.	Superoxides	37-39	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	76-81
24816293-4	2014	In this work, we have purified Cb5R from pig liver and we have experimentally shown that this enzyme catalyzed NADH-dependent production of superoxide anion, assayed with cytochrome c and nitroblue tetrazolium as detection reagents for this particular ROS.	Superoxides	140-156	cytochrome c	Sus scrofa	171-183
24434148-10	2014	NADPH oxidase inhibitor Apocynin and superoxide scavenger N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) significantly attenuated EI-stimulated expression of OKL38 and HO-1.	Superoxides	37-47	oxidative stress induced growth inhibitor 1	Homo sapiens	135-140
24842918-7	2014	Silencing of p66(Shc) blunted stretch-increased superoxide anion production and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activation and restored nitric oxide bioavailability.	Superoxides	48-64	SHC adaptor protein 1	Homo sapiens	17-20
24511123-3	2014	Here, we found that activation of Epac by 8-pCPT-2"-O-Me-cAMP reduced production of reactive oxygen species during reoxygenation after hypoxia by decreasing mitochondrial superoxide production.	Superoxides	171-181	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	34-38
24511123-7	2014	Our data suggest that Epac1 decreases reactive oxygen species production by preventing mitochondrial superoxide formation during IR injury, thus limiting the degree of oxidative stress.	Superoxides	101-111	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	22-27
18224486-11	2008	These results indicate that the intracellular superoxide generated by BC2 or BC4 is involved in the enhancement of apoptosis through Fas-mitochondria caspase and [Ca2+](i)-dependent pathways, and a decrease in Hsp70 also contributed to the enhancement of apoptosis.	Superoxides	46-56	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 4	Homo sapiens	210-215
18079208-4	2008	The aldosterone levels showed a time-dependent (6-24 h) and dose-dependent (10(-8) to 10(-6) m) increase in superoxide generation, whose effect was abolished by mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (eplerenone), Src inhibitor (PP2), and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate [NAD(P)H] oxidase inhibitor (apocynin).	Superoxides	108-118	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	213-216
18250367-8	2008	The interaction between angiotensin II and UK14,304 on superoxide generation and RhoA activation was blocked by inhibitors of phospholipase C (U73312), protein kinase C (GF109203X), c-src (PP1), NADPH oxidase (diphenyleneiodonium), or superoxide (Tempol).	Superoxides	235-245	ras homolog family member A	Rattus norvegicus	81-85
18250367-8	2008	The interaction between angiotensin II and UK14,304 on superoxide generation and RhoA activation was blocked by inhibitors of phospholipase C (U73312), protein kinase C (GF109203X), c-src (PP1), NADPH oxidase (diphenyleneiodonium), or superoxide (Tempol).	Superoxides	235-245	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	182-187
18250367-9	2008	We conclude that NADPH oxidase/superoxide and RhoA/Rho kinase are involved in the interaction between alpha(2)-adrenoceptors and angiotensin II on renal vascular resistance by mediating signaling events downstream of the phospholipase C/protein kinase C/c-src pathway.	Superoxides	31-41	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	254-259
24434148-10	2014	NADPH oxidase inhibitor Apocynin and superoxide scavenger N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) significantly attenuated EI-stimulated expression of OKL38 and HO-1.	Superoxides	37-47	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	145-149
24365146-6	2014	Superoxide production by unglycosylated Nox1 is largely dependent on p22(phox), which is abrogated by glutamine substitution for Pro-156 in p22(phox), a mutation leading to a defective interaction with the Nox1-activating protein Noxo1.	Superoxides	0-10	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	69-72
24771458-2	2014	We sought to determine the role of Btk protein on neutrophil superoxide generation and chemotaxis stimulated by N-formyl-methionine-leucine-phenylalanine (fMLP).	Superoxides	61-71	Bruton tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	35-38
24365146-6	2014	Superoxide production by unglycosylated Nox1 is largely dependent on p22(phox), which is abrogated by glutamine substitution for Pro-156 in p22(phox), a mutation leading to a defective interaction with the Nox1-activating protein Noxo1.	Superoxides	0-10	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	140-143
24365146-6	2014	Superoxide production by unglycosylated Nox1 is largely dependent on p22(phox), which is abrogated by glutamine substitution for Pro-156 in p22(phox), a mutation leading to a defective interaction with the Nox1-activating protein Noxo1.	Superoxides	0-10	NADPH oxidase organizer 1	Homo sapiens	230-235
18068196-5	2008	Kallikrein increased cardiac endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation and NO levels and decreased superoxide formation, TGF-beta1 levels and Smad2 phosphorylation.	Superoxides	107-117	kallikrein related peptidase 4	Homo sapiens	0-10
23795780-5	2014	INNOVATION: Islets from the GPX1 and(or) SOD1 knockout mice provided metabolically controlled intracellular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide conditions for the present study to avoid confounding effects.	Superoxides	137-147	glutathione peroxidase 1	Mus musculus	28-32
24002659-0	2014	Reactive oxygen species induce apoptosis in bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells by inhibiting the antiglycation glyoxalase I defence: involvement of superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and NF-kappaB.	Superoxides	148-164	glyoxalase I	Homo sapiens	111-123
18185592-6	2008	Here we show that a superoxide-dependent step in tryptophan metabolism along the kynurenine pathway is blocked in CGD mice with lethal pulmonary aspergillosis, leading to unrestrained Vgamma1(+) gammadelta T-cell reactivity, dominant production of interleukin (IL)-17, defective regulatory T-cell activity and acute inflammatory lung injury.	Superoxides	20-30	interleukin 17A	Mus musculus	248-267
17996248-1	2008	Human neutrophil flavocytochrome b (Cyt b) is a heterodimeric, integral membrane protein that generates high levels of superoxide in the multisubunit NADPH oxidase complex.	Superoxides	119-129	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	36-41
24681944-3	2014	We propose that O2 - and H2O2 production in some metabolic processes occur through singlet-triplet modulation of semiquinone flavin (FADH ) enzymes and O2 - spin-correlated radical pairs.	Superoxides	16-18	spindlin 1	Rattus norvegicus	157-161
25101238-3	2014	We found that the GLUT1 inhibitors fasentin and phloretin increased the ROS levels induced by antimycin A and the superoxide generator pyrogallol.	Superoxides	114-124	solute carrier family 2 member 1	Homo sapiens	18-23
24361613-8	2014	Changes in superoxide, 8-OHdG, glutathione and nitrotyrosine levels indicated that HSA-Trx significantly suppressed renal oxidative stress.	Superoxides	11-21	thioredoxin 1	Mus musculus	87-90
24339896-1	2013	BACKGROUND: Reactive oxygen species are implicated in the physiopathogenesis of salt-induced hypertension and the C242T polymorphism of the p22-phox gene has been associated with higher superoxide production.	Superoxides	186-196	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	140-148
24338528-6	2014	Kp infected-lyn(-/-) mice exhibited elevated inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha), and increased superoxide in the lung and other organs.	Superoxides	104-114	LYN proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Mus musculus	12-15
18063869-2	2008	Erythrocyte catalase (CAT) and cellular glutathione peroxidase (c-GPx) are antioxidant enzymes that detoxify peroxides generated from dismutation of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	149-165	glutathione peroxidase 1	Homo sapiens	31-62
18063869-2	2008	Erythrocyte catalase (CAT) and cellular glutathione peroxidase (c-GPx) are antioxidant enzymes that detoxify peroxides generated from dismutation of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	149-165	glutathione peroxidase 1	Homo sapiens	64-69
24129398-8	2013	Moreover, PKA-KD virtually abolished the suppressive effect of APN on MI/R-induced NADPH oxidase overexpression and superoxide overproduction and partially inhibited the effect of APN on nitrative protein modification in MI/R heart.	Superoxides	116-126	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Mus musculus	63-66
18005061-6	2007	In brain tissue, NMDA increased the protein levels of Ha-Ras, FTIs caused the accumulation of non-prenylated inactive Ras in the cytosolic fraction, and significantly reduced superoxide production and necrotic volume after excitotoxicity.	Superoxides	175-185	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	54-60
24073824-13	2014	These results suggest that at least superoxide could be produced after exposure of thyroid cells to Th1 cytokines.	Superoxides	36-46	negative elongation factor complex member C/D	Homo sapiens	100-103
17901243-6	2007	Our findings suggest that acute exposure to nicotine impairs nNOS-dependent dilatation of cerebral arterioles by a mechanism that appears to be related to the formation of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	172-188	nitric oxide synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	61-65
23832602-2	2013	Superoxide radical-generating menadione and serum deprivation diminished the steady-state mRNA levels for the genes phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), ubiquitin specific peptidase 28 (USP28), damage-regulated autophagy modulator (DRAM), TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR), and cylindromatosis (CYLD).	Superoxides	0-18	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Homo sapiens	148-152
24436331-3	2014	Here we show that MPO activity can be assessed using hydroethidine (HE), a probe commonly employed for the detection of superoxide.	Superoxides	120-130	myeloperoxidase	Mus musculus	18-21
23831190-7	2013	Mitochondrial Sod2 activity also varies in the three strains (ccp1Delta&gt;wildtype &gt;ccp1(W191F)) and ccp1Delta cells exhibit low superoxide levels.	Superoxides	133-143	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Mesocricetus auratus	14-18
18084618-7	2007	Interestingly, both L-NAME and NAC did not inhibit nitric oxide (NO) production in these cells, but abrogated superoxide anion production during anchorage blockade.	Superoxides	110-126	X-linked Kx blood group	Homo sapiens	31-34
24042086-8	2013	The superoxide scavenger TEMPOL was also effective in preventing the effects of leptin on endothelial dysfunction.	Superoxides	4-14	leptin	Mus musculus	80-86
17971220-9	2007	RESULTS: A simple cytokine combination, SCF + Flt3-L + G-CSF, synergised to optimally expand and mature neutrophil progenitors assessed by cell number, phenotype, morphology and function (superoxide respiratory burst measured by chemiluminescence).	Superoxides	188-198	KIT ligand	Homo sapiens	40-43
24068103-2	2014	O2(-) was generated in Krebs" solution by reacting hypoxanthine with xanthine oxidase (Hx-XO) or with the O2(-) generator pyrogallol to model acute oxidative stress in vitro.	Superoxides	0-2	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	69-85
24598074-1	2014	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes consists of the membrane-associated cytochrome b 558 (a heterodimer of Nox2 and p22(phox)) and 4 cytosolic components: p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase, Rac, in complex with RhoGDI.	Superoxides	4-14	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	90-102
24598074-1	2014	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes consists of the membrane-associated cytochrome b 558 (a heterodimer of Nox2 and p22(phox)) and 4 cytosolic components: p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase, Rac, in complex with RhoGDI.	Superoxides	4-14	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	125-129
24598074-1	2014	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes consists of the membrane-associated cytochrome b 558 (a heterodimer of Nox2 and p22(phox)) and 4 cytosolic components: p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase, Rac, in complex with RhoGDI.	Superoxides	4-14	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	195-198
24598074-2	2014	Superoxide is produced by the NADPH-driven reduction of molecular oxygen, via a redox gradient located in Nox2.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	106-110
24042086-10	2013	These effects of leptin are mediated by sympathetic nervous system activation and superoxide and may contribute to vascular stiffness and hypertension in obesity.	Superoxides	82-92	leptin	Mus musculus	17-23
24187133-2	2013	A peptide that mimics a putative activation domain of the Nox1 activator subunit NOXA1 (NOXA1 docking sequence, also known as NoxA1ds) potently inhibited Nox1-derived superoxide anion (O2 -) production in a reconstituted Nox1 cell-free system, with no effect on Nox2-, Nox4-, Nox5-, or xanthine oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species production as measured by cytochrome c reduction, Amplex Red fluorescence, and electron paramagnetic resonance.	Superoxides	167-183	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	262-266
23880762-1	2013	T cell receptor (TCR)-initiated signal transduction is reported to increase production of intracellular reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide (O2 (-)) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as second messengers.	Superoxides	137-147	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	0-15
24187133-2	2013	A peptide that mimics a putative activation domain of the Nox1 activator subunit NOXA1 (NOXA1 docking sequence, also known as NoxA1ds) potently inhibited Nox1-derived superoxide anion (O2 -) production in a reconstituted Nox1 cell-free system, with no effect on Nox2-, Nox4-, Nox5-, or xanthine oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species production as measured by cytochrome c reduction, Amplex Red fluorescence, and electron paramagnetic resonance.	Superoxides	185-187	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	262-266
23732300-3	2013	It also reduced mitochondrial superoxides and caspase activity in CD45(+) cells.	Superoxides	30-41	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C	Homo sapiens	66-70
17889838-10	2007	However, estrogen did increase the activity, but not the levels, of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), the mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes superoxide radical breakdown, in brain mitochondria from both female and male rats.	Superoxides	78-88	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	100-105
17900539-6	2007	Moreover, TCAP-1 significantly decreased the incidence of superoxide radicals and increased superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) expression.	Superoxides	58-68	teneurin transmembrane protein 1	Mus musculus	10-16
23880762-1	2013	T cell receptor (TCR)-initiated signal transduction is reported to increase production of intracellular reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide (O2 (-)) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as second messengers.	Superoxides	137-147	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	17-20
17942726-12	2007	The most likely explanation for these findings is that mitochondria increased O2*- production after NGF withdrawal.	Superoxides	78-82	nerve growth factor	Mus musculus	100-103
23955717-0	2013	Nox2 as a potential target of mitochondrial superoxide and its role in endothelial oxidative stress.	Superoxides	44-54	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	0-4
23880762-1	2013	T cell receptor (TCR)-initiated signal transduction is reported to increase production of intracellular reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide (O2 (-)) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as second messengers.	Superoxides	149-151	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	0-15
23955717-9	2013	Inhibition of Nox2 (gp91ds) or Nox2 depletion with small interfering RNA but not Nox1, Nox4, or Nox5 abolished diazoxide-induced O2( -) production in the cytoplasm.	Superoxides	129-131	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	14-18
23955717-9	2013	Inhibition of Nox2 (gp91ds) or Nox2 depletion with small interfering RNA but not Nox1, Nox4, or Nox5 abolished diazoxide-induced O2( -) production in the cytoplasm.	Superoxides	129-131	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	31-35
17854710-7	2007	Cells with mutant K-ras had significantly lower amounts of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) vs those with wild-type K-ras, but MnSOD protein correlated positively with superoxide levels.	Superoxides	69-79	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	18-23
17854710-8	2007	In a subset of cell lines with similar levels of MnSOD, comparable to those in HPL1D cells, K-ras activity correlated positively with levels of both superoxide and DNA strand breaks.	Superoxides	149-159	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	92-97
23880762-1	2013	T cell receptor (TCR)-initiated signal transduction is reported to increase production of intracellular reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide (O2 (-)) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as second messengers.	Superoxides	149-151	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	17-20
17854710-9	2007	These results suggest that persistent DNA damage in some lung adenocarcinoma cells may be caused by superoxide resulting from mutant K-ras activity, and that OGG1 is important for prevention of this damage.	Superoxides	100-110	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	133-138
23989801-7	2013	Downregulation of Notch1 increased expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and gp(91phox), enhanced the production of NO metabolites and superoxide, as well as their cytotoxic reaction product peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	140-150	notch 1	Mus musculus	18-24
17704208-7	2007	The increase in H4B caused by shear is essential in allowing proper function of endothelial NO synthase because GPTCH-1 blockade with 2,4-diamino-6-hydroxypyrimidine during shear inhibited dimer formation of endothelial NO synthase, increased endothelial cell superoxide production, and prevented the increase in NO production caused by shear.	Superoxides	260-270	H4 clustered histone 4	Homo sapiens	16-19
17711848-6	2007	This DNA-mediated suppression of AIF-M2 activity is expected to lower cellular levels of superoxide and peroxide, thereby lessening survival signaling by Ras, NF-kappaB, or AP-1, as suggested from knock-out studies of the related AIF in human colon cancer cell lines.	Superoxides	89-99	apoptosis inducing factor mitochondria associated 1	Homo sapiens	33-36
17636259-9	2007	The SDH3 R47K, SDH4 D88E, and SDH4 D88N mutants are sensitive to hyperoxia and paraquat and have elevated rates of superoxide production in vitro and in vivo.	Superoxides	115-125	succinate dehydrogenase membrane anchor subunit SDH4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	15-19
17636259-9	2007	The SDH3 R47K, SDH4 D88E, and SDH4 D88N mutants are sensitive to hyperoxia and paraquat and have elevated rates of superoxide production in vitro and in vivo.	Superoxides	115-125	succinate dehydrogenase membrane anchor subunit SDH4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	30-34
24048198-6	2013	Collectrin knockout mice display impaired endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation that is associated with vascular remodeling, endothelial nitric oxide synthase uncoupling, decreased nitric oxide production, and increased superoxide generation.	Superoxides	219-229	collectrin, amino acid transport regulator	Mus musculus	0-10
24129169-7	2013	Mechanistically, superoxide production in the intrarenal artery and NOX4 member of NADPH oxidase in the renal cortex that contribute to diabetic nephropathy were also prevented by the Rho kinase inhibitor.	Superoxides	17-27	NADPH oxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	68-72
23776393-12	2013	On the other hand, superoxide reduces KCa3.1 expression by downregulating pERK and upregulating REST, and inhibits the K(+) current.	Superoxides	19-29	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3	Homo sapiens	74-78
23919599-2	2013	The superoxide-generating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase 2 (NOX2, encoded by the CYBB gene) and the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) play opposing roles in the balance of cellular redox status.	Superoxides	4-14	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	26-79
23529346-12	2013	All these results support the view that GH ameliorates hHcys-induced glomerular injury by reducing Nox-dependent O2 (.-)/HIF-1alpha signal pathway and EMT.	Superoxides	113-115	growth hormone	Mus musculus	40-42
23919599-2	2013	The superoxide-generating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase 2 (NOX2, encoded by the CYBB gene) and the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) play opposing roles in the balance of cellular redox status.	Superoxides	4-14	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	81-85
23919599-2	2013	The superoxide-generating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase 2 (NOX2, encoded by the CYBB gene) and the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) play opposing roles in the balance of cellular redox status.	Superoxides	4-14	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	102-106
17689207-7	2007	In addition, kahweol and cafestol efficiently removed the superoxide anion generated from the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system.	Superoxides	58-74	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	103-119
17869312-1	2007	NADPH oxidase Nox2 is involved in the production of superoxide by rheumatoid synovial cells, constitutively and after pro-inflammatory cytokine treatment.	Superoxides	52-62	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	14-18
23529346-12	2013	All these results support the view that GH ameliorates hHcys-induced glomerular injury by reducing Nox-dependent O2 (.-)/HIF-1alpha signal pathway and EMT.	Superoxides	113-115	hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit	Mus musculus	121-131
17869312-6	2007	cPLA(2) inhibitors inhibited both IL-1beta and TNF-alpha-induced superoxide production in RA and OA cells.	Superoxides	65-75	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	0-7
17583407-7	2007	When these oxidases use Noxo1 as an organizer instead of p47(phox), they produce a small but significant amount of superoxide without expression of Rac1(Q61L), although the production is enhanced by Rac1(Q61L).	Superoxides	115-125	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	199-203
17583407-10	2007	We also demonstrate that, in the Nox3-based oxidase containing solely p67(phox) as supportive protein, expression of Rac1(Q61L) enhances not only superoxide production but also membrane translocation of p67(phox).	Superoxides	146-156	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	117-121
23727839-7	2013	Accordingly, the corresponding variant Rhodobacter sphaeroides ETF-QO proteins, when overexpressed in vitro, bind a CoQ10 pseudosubstrate, Q10Br, less tightly than the wild-type ETF-QO protein, suggesting that molecular oxygen can get access to the electrons in the misfolded ETF-QO protein, thereby generating superoxide and oxidative stress, which can be reversed by CoQ10 treatment.	Superoxides	311-321	electron transfer flavoprotein dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	63-69
23819597-1	2013	The hypothesis that mitochondrial dysfunction and increased superoxide levels in thymocytes over expressing Bax (Lck-Bax1 and Lck-Bax38&amp;1) contributes to lymphomagenesis after low-dose radiation was tested.	Superoxides	60-70	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	108-111
23874797-7	2013	Diabetes-induced abnormalities (leukostasis, ICAM-1 expression on the luminal surface of the vascular endothelium, retinal superoxide generation) were significantly inhibited by removing either MyD88 or the signaling pathways regulated by it (TLRs 2 and 4, and IL-1ss) from bone marrow-derived cells only.	Superoxides	123-133	myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88	Mus musculus	194-199
17645645-2	2007	Enhanced superoxide (O2(-)) activity as a result of the inhibition of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme results in vasoconstrictor and antinatriuretic responses in the canine kidney; these responses were shown to be greatly enhanced during inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS).	Superoxides	9-19	nitric oxide synthase 3	Canis lupus familiaris	258-279
23741359-12	2013	Renal cortices from MRL/lpr mice that are eNOS deficient demonstrated increased superoxide production, which was blocked by both nitric oxide synthase and NADPH oxidase inhibitors.	Superoxides	80-90	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	42-46
17645645-2	2007	Enhanced superoxide (O2(-)) activity as a result of the inhibition of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme results in vasoconstrictor and antinatriuretic responses in the canine kidney; these responses were shown to be greatly enhanced during inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS).	Superoxides	21-23	nitric oxide synthase 3	Canis lupus familiaris	258-279
17645645-5	2007	Nitric oxide synthase inhibition was also shown to enhance endogenous O2(-) activity.	Superoxides	70-72	nitric oxide synthase 3	Canis lupus familiaris	0-21
18004245-6	2007	CONCLUSION: It is supposed that the one of mechanisms of detected earlier antimetastatic effect of complex is based on its ability to induce the formation of high level of superoxide radical-anions selectively in the tumor tissue that results in the damage of its regulatory functions, in particular alteration in the regulation of NO-synthase, decrease of NO generation as well as activities of MMPs.	Superoxides	172-190	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Mus musculus	396-400
23874564-7	2013	In contrast, Stamp2 knockdown did not affect mitotic clonal expansion, but resulted in a marked decrease in superoxide production that is known to affect adipogenesis.	Superoxides	108-118	STEAP4 metalloreductase	Homo sapiens	13-19
24024163-3	2013	We hypothesized that the gene transfer of cytosolic superoxide dismutase (SOD1) or extracellular SOD (SOD3) to blood vessels would differentially protect against O2 ( -)-mediated endothelial-dependent dysfunction.	Superoxides	162-169	superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Oryctolagus cuniculus	74-78
23817296-0	2013	Evidence for the involvement of GPR40 and NADPH oxidase in palmitic acid-induced superoxide production and insulin secretion.	Superoxides	81-91	free fatty acid receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	32-37
22392697-3	2013	We hypothesized that K-ras oncogene correlates with increased non-mitochondrial-generated superoxide (O 2.-), which could be involved in regulating cell growth contributing to tumor progression.	Superoxides	90-100	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	21-26
17617569-6	2007	Superoxide scavenging protects from AICD in wild-type, but not Hq, T cell blasts, suggesting that Aif plays a crucial superoxide-scavenging role to regulate T cell AICD.	Superoxides	0-10	apoptosis-inducing factor, mitochondrion-associated 1	Mus musculus	98-101
17617569-6	2007	Superoxide scavenging protects from AICD in wild-type, but not Hq, T cell blasts, suggesting that Aif plays a crucial superoxide-scavenging role to regulate T cell AICD.	Superoxides	118-128	apoptosis-inducing factor, mitochondrion-associated 1	Mus musculus	98-101
24024163-3	2013	We hypothesized that the gene transfer of cytosolic superoxide dismutase (SOD1) or extracellular SOD (SOD3) to blood vessels would differentially protect against O2 ( -)-mediated endothelial-dependent dysfunction.	Superoxides	162-169	extracellular superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Oryctolagus cuniculus	74-77
24024163-3	2013	We hypothesized that the gene transfer of cytosolic superoxide dismutase (SOD1) or extracellular SOD (SOD3) to blood vessels would differentially protect against O2 ( -)-mediated endothelial-dependent dysfunction.	Superoxides	162-169	extracellular superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Oryctolagus cuniculus	102-106
23559014-0	2013	Phosphoinositide 3-kinase couples NMDA receptors to superoxide release in excitotoxic neuronal death.	Superoxides	52-62	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta	Homo sapiens	0-25
17379837-6	2007	These effects were associated with HDL inhibition of Ox-PAPC-induced c-Src, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, and SREBP activation, alterations in endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation (previously associated with the inflammatory action of Ox-PAPC), and a decrease in superoxide formation.	Superoxides	298-308	protocadherin 8	Homo sapiens	56-60
23418307-0	2013	The cytochrome b p.278Y&gt;C mutation causative of a multisystem disorder enhances superoxide production and alters supramolecular interactions of respiratory chain complexes.	Superoxides	83-93	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	4-16
23637640-6	2013	Using Acon enzymatic mutants, and expression of mitoferritin that scavenges free iron, we show that [4Fe-4S] cluster inactivation, as a result of increased superoxide in pink1 mutants, results in oxidative stress and mitochondrial swelling.	Superoxides	156-166	PTEN-induced putative kinase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	170-175
23442250-8	2013	An in vitro EPR experiment using phosphate-buffered saline-stimulated neutrophils confirmed the O2( -) scavenging ability of HSA-Trx.	Superoxides	96-102	thioredoxin 1	Mus musculus	129-132
23525089-3	2013	Ripk2(-/-) cells exhibited defective autophagy of mitochondria (mitophagy), leading to enhanced mitochondrial production of superoxide and accumulation of damaged mitochondria, which resulted in greater activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and production of IL-18.	Superoxides	124-134	receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
17516243-5	2007	In HMEC-1, silencing of either Nox2 or Nox4 components of NADPH oxidase with small interference RNA (siRNA) resulted in a significant reduction in superoxide detected by both DHE fluorescence (Nox2 siRNA; 71 +/- 6% and Nox4 siRNA 83 +/- 7% of control) and lucigenin chemiluminescence (Nox2; 54 +/- 6% and Nox4 74 +/- 4% of control).	Superoxides	147-157	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	31-35
17516243-5	2007	In HMEC-1, silencing of either Nox2 or Nox4 components of NADPH oxidase with small interference RNA (siRNA) resulted in a significant reduction in superoxide detected by both DHE fluorescence (Nox2 siRNA; 71 +/- 6% and Nox4 siRNA 83 +/- 7% of control) and lucigenin chemiluminescence (Nox2; 54 +/- 6% and Nox4 74 +/- 4% of control).	Superoxides	147-157	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	193-197
17516243-5	2007	In HMEC-1, silencing of either Nox2 or Nox4 components of NADPH oxidase with small interference RNA (siRNA) resulted in a significant reduction in superoxide detected by both DHE fluorescence (Nox2 siRNA; 71 +/- 6% and Nox4 siRNA 83 +/- 7% of control) and lucigenin chemiluminescence (Nox2; 54 +/- 6% and Nox4 74 +/- 4% of control).	Superoxides	147-157	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	193-197
17470722-2	2007	Angiotensin II ([Ang II] 1 micromol/L)-stimulated NO and superoxide (O(2)(*-)) production were imaged by fluorescence microscopy in thin tissue strips from the inner stripe of the outer medulla.	Superoxides	57-67	angiogenin	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
17470722-4	2007	Ang II stimulation resulted in production of NO in epithelial cells of the mTAL that diffused to vasa recta pericytes of SS-13(BN) rats but not in SS/Mcwi rats except when tissues were preincubated with the superoxide scavenger TIRON (1 mmol/L).	Superoxides	207-217	angiogenin	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
17663190-8	2007	GP7, GP7OH and VP16 (160-320 [micromol x L(-1)) significantly inhibited O2-* formation following the potency rank VP16 &gt; GP7 &gt; GP7OH.	Superoxides	72-74	host cell factor C1	Homo sapiens	15-19
17663190-8	2007	GP7, GP7OH and VP16 (160-320 [micromol x L(-1)) significantly inhibited O2-* formation following the potency rank VP16 &gt; GP7 &gt; GP7OH.	Superoxides	72-74	host cell factor C1	Homo sapiens	114-118
23559002-7	2013	We also show that the unprenylated RhoA- and Rac1-GTP retained at least part of their functional activities, as evidenced by the increase in intracellular superoxide production and JNK activation in response to simvastatin.	Superoxides	155-165	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	45-49
23261940-0	2013	NADPH oxidase 2-derived superoxide downregulates endothelial KCa3.1 in preeclampsia.	Superoxides	24-34	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	0-15
23333803-4	2013	LPS-induced expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) was associated with increased 2-OH-E(+) (marker for superoxide formation) levels and was attenuated by apocynin and the Nox inhibitor, VAS2870.	Superoxides	121-131	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	26-59
23333803-4	2013	LPS-induced expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) was associated with increased 2-OH-E(+) (marker for superoxide formation) levels and was attenuated by apocynin and the Nox inhibitor, VAS2870.	Superoxides	121-131	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	61-67
23314732-7	2013	The superoxide dismutase mimetic antioxidant MnTBaP [Mn (III) tetrakis (4-benzonic acid) porphyrin chloride] inhibited the H(2)O(2)-induced O(2)- generation, apoptosis and XBP-1 and caspase-12 activation at comparable concentrations.	Superoxides	127-131	X-box binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	172-177
23319544-12	2013	In conclusion, inhibition of PDE-1 attenuated CIPH and reversed cold-induced PA remodeling by suppressing macrophage infiltration and superoxide production, suggesting that upregulation of PDE-1C expression may be involved in the pathogenesis of CIPH.	Superoxides	134-144	phosphodiesterase 1C	Rattus norvegicus	189-195
17278978-0	2007	Xanthine oxidase-derived extracellular superoxide anions stimulate activator protein 1 activity and hypertrophy in human vascular smooth muscle via c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases.	Superoxides	39-56	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	67-86
17278978-0	2007	Xanthine oxidase-derived extracellular superoxide anions stimulate activator protein 1 activity and hypertrophy in human vascular smooth muscle via c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases.	Superoxides	39-56	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	148-153
17278978-8	2007	Finally, the effects of X/XO on MAPK activation, AP-1 activity and cell size were dependent on the extracellular release of superoxide anions through the enzymatic activity of XO, as they were prevented by both superoxide dismutase and allopurinol.	Superoxides	124-141	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	49-53
23319734-0	2013	Mitochondrial superoxide generation enhances P2X7R-mediated loss of cell surface CD62L on naive human CD4+ T lymphocytes.	Superoxides	14-24	selectin L	Homo sapiens	81-86
17272778-12	2007	Superoxide overproduction may be a causal link among hyperglycemia, MMP-9 activation, and BBB dysfunction.	Superoxides	0-10	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Rattus norvegicus	68-73
23201429-9	2013	SIGNIFICANCE: Indoxyl sulfate upregulated renal expression of ICAM-1 through production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide, and activation of NF-kappaB and p53 in proximal tubular cells.	Superoxides	129-139	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	62-68
24033955-2	2013	The P22phox subunit of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAPDH) oxidase, encoded by the cytochrome b245a polypeptide gene, CYBA, plays a key role in superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	160-176	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	134-138
17349848-1	2007	BACKGROUND: Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), the primary antioxidant enzyme that scavenges superoxide radicals found in the mitochondria, has been shown to protect oxygen-utilizing cells from the toxicity of the reactive oxygen species (ROS).	Superoxides	22-32	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	44-49
17128987-1	2006	We have previously shown that redox agents including superoxide anion radical and nitrogen dioxide can react with GXXXXGK(S/T)C motif-containing GTPases (i.e., Rac1, Cdc42, and RhoA) to stimulate guanine nucleotide release.	Superoxides	53-77	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	160-164
23324884-6	2013	Compared with the response of preoperative PMNs, PMNs assayed on days 3 and 5 after OPCAB demonstrated a significantly blunted increase in the expression of CD11b and CBRM1/5 after fMLF, significantly diminished shedding of CD62L in response to platelet-activating factor and fMLF, and diminished superoxide production after stimulation on day 3.	Superoxides	297-307	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	157-162
23154660-0	2013	Endothelial dysfunction, macrophage infiltration and NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production were attenuated by erythropoietin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat aorta.	Superoxides	77-87	erythropoietin	Rattus norvegicus	118-132
23235558-9	2013	Interestingly, in the Ni-treated samples, sodB, encoding superoxide dismutase, was up-regulated, indicating the apparition of superoxide radicals due to the presence of Ni.	Superoxides	57-67	superoxide dismutase [Fe]	Pseudomonas putida KT2440	42-46
17109653-8	2006	prevented hypertension-induced attenuation of acetylcholine-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation, impairment of vascular endothelial lining, decrease in expression of mRNA for endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), serum nitrite/nitrate concentration and increase in expression of mRNA for p22phox, superoxide anion and serum TBARS.	Superoxides	306-322	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	215-219
17015440-1	2006	The catalytic core of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase is a heterodimeric integral membrane protein (flavocytochrome b (Cyt b)) that generates superoxide and initiates a cascade of reactive oxygen species critical for the host inflammatory response.	Superoxides	138-148	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	115-120
17015440-7	2006	This study reports extensive sequence coverage of the integral membrane protein Cyt b by mass spectrometry and provides analytical methods that will be useful for evaluating posttranslational modifications involved in the regulation of superoxide production.	Superoxides	236-246	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	80-85
23091050-7	2012	In summary, our data show that increased O(2)( -) production by XOR selectively uncouples eNOS activity and abolishes the negative inotropic effect of beta(3)-AR stimulation in nNOS(-/-) myocytes.	Superoxides	41-45	adrenergic receptor, beta 3	Mus musculus	151-161
17229985-1	2006	Superoxide anion is produced in human platelets predominantly by Nox2-dependent NADPH oxidases.	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	65-69
23682427-2	2012	AIF was proposed to be an important component of respiratory chain complex I that is the major producer of superoxide radical.	Superoxides	107-125	apoptosis inducing factor mitochondria associated 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
23682427-7	2012	Our results show that tumoral telomerase-positive (TP) AIF knockdown cell lines display significant increase in superoxide production in comparison to control cells, while a non-tumoral cell line and tumoral telomerase-negative cell lines with alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) show a decrease in superoxide production.	Superoxides	112-122	apoptosis inducing factor mitochondria associated 1	Homo sapiens	55-58
23682427-7	2012	Our results show that tumoral telomerase-positive (TP) AIF knockdown cell lines display significant increase in superoxide production in comparison to control cells, while a non-tumoral cell line and tumoral telomerase-negative cell lines with alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) show a decrease in superoxide production.	Superoxides	306-316	apoptosis inducing factor mitochondria associated 1	Homo sapiens	55-58
23682427-8	2012	According to these results, we can conclude that AIF knockdown disrupts function of complex I and therefore increases the superoxide production in mitochondria.	Superoxides	122-132	apoptosis inducing factor mitochondria associated 1	Homo sapiens	49-52
23065119-0	2012	Identification of superoxide production by Arabidopsis thaliana aldehyde oxidases AAO1 and AAO3.	Superoxides	18-28	abscisic aldehyde oxidase 3	Arabidopsis thaliana	64-95
23065119-3	2012	In the present work we demonstrate that heterologously expressed AAO1 and AAO3, two prominent members of the AO family from Arabidopsis thaliana, do not only generate hydrogen peroxide but also superoxide anions by transferring aldehyde-derived electrons to molecular oxygen.	Superoxides	194-211	abscisic aldehyde oxidase 3	Arabidopsis thaliana	74-78
23065119-5	2012	In addition to their aldehyde oxidation activity, AAO1 and AAO3 were found to exhibit NADH oxidase activity, which likewise is associated with the production of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	161-178	abscisic aldehyde oxidase 3	Arabidopsis thaliana	59-63
17159805-3	2006	Myeloperoxidase (MPO), a major NO scavenger and a marker of oxidative stress, as well as increased inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, may affect the NO-superoxide balance, critical for cellular redox balance in the cardiovascular system at physiologic conditions.	Superoxides	168-178	myeloperoxidase	Mus musculus	0-15
22912383-0	2012	Increased superoxide and endothelial NO synthase uncoupling in blood vessels of Bmal1-knockout mice.	Superoxides	10-20	aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like	Mus musculus	80-85
17159805-3	2006	Myeloperoxidase (MPO), a major NO scavenger and a marker of oxidative stress, as well as increased inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, may affect the NO-superoxide balance, critical for cellular redox balance in the cardiovascular system at physiologic conditions.	Superoxides	168-178	myeloperoxidase	Mus musculus	17-20
16890211-4	2006	We tested the hypothesis that reduced superoxide accumulation contributes to the antihypertrophic action of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP).	Superoxides	38-48	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	108-134
16904307-3	2006	Another ArfGAP, Git2, was found to be a component of the Gbetagamma-mediated directional sensing machinery, while simultaneously playing an essential role in the suppressive control of superoxide production, which is mediated by vesicle transport in GPCR-stimulated neutrophils.	Superoxides	185-195	GIT ArfGAP 2	Homo sapiens	16-20
22758933-9	2012	Rat CPCs are resistant to superoxide-induced cell death, primarily through higher levels of SOD2 compared to adult cardiac-derived cells.	Superoxides	26-36	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	92-96
22758933-10	2012	Exposure to superoxide increases expression of SOD2 in an Akt-dependent manner and regulates CPC survival during oxidative stress.	Superoxides	12-22	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	47-51
23151036-11	2012	DEP effects were mediated by: (1) increased ROS including superoxide anion (O(2)( -)), related to increased xanthine dehydrogenase expression and reduced cytosolic superoxide dismutase activity; and (2) increased peroxynitrite generation related to interaction of O(2)( -) with cytokine-induced NO.	Superoxides	58-74	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	108-130
23151036-11	2012	DEP effects were mediated by: (1) increased ROS including superoxide anion (O(2)( -)), related to increased xanthine dehydrogenase expression and reduced cytosolic superoxide dismutase activity; and (2) increased peroxynitrite generation related to interaction of O(2)( -) with cytokine-induced NO.	Superoxides	76-80	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	108-130
22912383-5	2012	Aortae from Bmal1-KO mice exhibited enhanced superoxide levels as determined by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and dihydroethidium fluorescence, an elevation that was abrogated by administration of nitro-l-arginine methyl ester.	Superoxides	45-55	aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like	Mus musculus	12-17
22930723-4	2012	However, in addition to NO, eNOS can also produce superoxide (O(2)(-)), exacerbating pathology.	Superoxides	50-60	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	28-32
17050190-6	2006	Activation of gp91phox involves the integrated function of cytoplasmic proteins such as p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and the small guanosine triphosphatase Rac; these proteins translocate to the phagosomal membrane to interact with cytochrome b558, leading to superoxide production.	Superoxides	258-268	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	14-22
22940066-4	2012	Similarly, the rate of superoxide production by the complex III site of quinol oxidation (site III(Qo)) was calibrated to the reduction state of endogenous cytochrome b(566).	Superoxides	23-33	cytochrome b, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	156-168
22824861-7	2012	Interestingly, the activation of ASK1 was mediated by hydrogen peroxide rather than superoxide anions as PEG-catalase but not PEG-SOD suppressed its activation.	Superoxides	84-94	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Homo sapiens	33-37
16716903-4	2006	A causative relationship between these biochemical correlates of oxidative stress and neurogenic hypertension was established when gene transfer by microinjection of adenovirus encoding SOD1, SOD2, or CAT into the bilateral RVLM promoted a long-lasting reduction in arterial pressure in SHR, but not WKY rats, accompanied by an enhanced SOD1, SOD2, or CAT protein expression or enzyme activity and reduced O2*- or H2O2 level in the RVLM.	Superoxides	406-408	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	192-196
16716903-5	2006	These results together suggest that downregulation of gene expression and enzyme activity of the antioxidant SOD1, SOD2, or CAT may underlie the augmented levels of O2*- and H2O2 in the RVLM, leading to oxidative stress and hypertension in SHR.	Superoxides	165-167	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	115-119
22695936-5	2012	RESULTS: Insulin or (and) high glucose significantly increased intracellular ROS production in BRECs, and pretreatment of the cells with apocynin and LY294002 decreased insulin-induced superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	185-201	insulin	Bos taurus	9-16
16685209-4	2006	Combined stimulation markedly increased p22-phox and Nox-1 mRNA, however, which was associated with increased NADPH oxidase activity, superoxide production and total 8-iso-prostaglandin F2alpha concentration.	Superoxides	134-144	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	53-58
22695936-5	2012	RESULTS: Insulin or (and) high glucose significantly increased intracellular ROS production in BRECs, and pretreatment of the cells with apocynin and LY294002 decreased insulin-induced superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	185-201	insulin	Bos taurus	169-176
16709856-4	2006	Ncf2 encodes p67phox, a subunit of the multiprotein enzyme complex NADPH oxidase, known to be responsible for the generation of superoxides.	Superoxides	128-139	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Mus musculus	0-4
16709856-4	2006	Ncf2 encodes p67phox, a subunit of the multiprotein enzyme complex NADPH oxidase, known to be responsible for the generation of superoxides.	Superoxides	128-139	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Mus musculus	13-20
16702314-7	2006	Luteolin, but not chrysin, inhibited xanthine/xanthine oxidase-generated superoxide formation at 100 micromol/L in a cell-free system (P &lt; 0.001).	Superoxides	73-83	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	46-62
22796671-0	2012	Erythropoietin attenuated vascular dysfunction and inflammation by inhibiting NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide production in nitric oxide synthase-inhibited hypertensive rat aorta.	Superoxides	100-110	erythropoietin	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
16513848-9	2006	Our results suggest a novel mechanism for attenuation of the hypertrophic phenotype by NHE-1 inhibition that is mediated by a reduction in PE-induced MAPK activation and superoxide production secondary to improved mitochondrial integrity.	Superoxides	170-180	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Rattus norvegicus	87-92
16595161-0	2006	Metal ions induced heat shock protein response by elevating superoxide anion level in HeLa cells transformed by HSE-SEAP reporter gene.	Superoxides	60-76	heat shock protein 90 beta family member 2, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	19-37
16595161-2	2006	The expression of heat shock protein was measured using a secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) reporter gene transformed into HeLa cell strain, the levels of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) were determined by NBT reduction assay and DCFH staining flow cytometry (FCM), respectively.	Superoxides	158-174	heat shock protein 90 beta family member 2, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	18-36
16595161-3	2006	The experimental results demonstrated that the expression of heat shock protein induced by metal ions was linearly related to the cellular superoxide anion level before cytotoxic effects were observed, but not related to the cellular hydrogen peroxide level.	Superoxides	139-155	heat shock protein 90 beta family member 2, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	61-79
16595161-4	2006	The experimental results suggested that metal ions might induce heat shock protein by elevating cellular superoxide anion level, and thus the expression of heat shock protein indicated by the HSE-SEAP reporter gene can be an effective model for monitoring the dynamic level of superoxide anion and early metal-induced oxidative stress/cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	105-121	heat shock protein 90 beta family member 2, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	64-82
16595161-4	2006	The experimental results suggested that metal ions might induce heat shock protein by elevating cellular superoxide anion level, and thus the expression of heat shock protein indicated by the HSE-SEAP reporter gene can be an effective model for monitoring the dynamic level of superoxide anion and early metal-induced oxidative stress/cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	105-121	heat shock protein 90 beta family member 2, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	156-174
16595161-4	2006	The experimental results suggested that metal ions might induce heat shock protein by elevating cellular superoxide anion level, and thus the expression of heat shock protein indicated by the HSE-SEAP reporter gene can be an effective model for monitoring the dynamic level of superoxide anion and early metal-induced oxidative stress/cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	277-293	heat shock protein 90 beta family member 2, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	64-82
16595161-4	2006	The experimental results suggested that metal ions might induce heat shock protein by elevating cellular superoxide anion level, and thus the expression of heat shock protein indicated by the HSE-SEAP reporter gene can be an effective model for monitoring the dynamic level of superoxide anion and early metal-induced oxidative stress/cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	277-293	heat shock protein 90 beta family member 2, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	156-174
16439134-1	2006	In order to develop spin traps with an optimal ratio between hydrophilic and lipophilic properties, low toxicity, and high stability of spin adducts (especially with superoxide radicals), several EMPO-derived spin traps have recently been synthesized forming more stable superoxide adducts (t(1/2) &gt; 20 min) than DMPO or DEPMPO.	Superoxides	166-176	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	20-24
16439134-1	2006	In order to develop spin traps with an optimal ratio between hydrophilic and lipophilic properties, low toxicity, and high stability of spin adducts (especially with superoxide radicals), several EMPO-derived spin traps have recently been synthesized forming more stable superoxide adducts (t(1/2) &gt; 20 min) than DMPO or DEPMPO.	Superoxides	271-281	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	20-24
16460309-0	2006	Activation of the superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase requires co-operation between the tandem SH3 domains of p47phox in recognition of a polyproline type II helix and an adjacent alpha-helix of p22phox.	Superoxides	18-28	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	119-126
16460309-1	2006	Activation of the superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase, crucial for host defence, requires an SH3 (Src homology 3)-domain-mediated interaction of the regulatory protein p47phox with p22phox, a subunit of the oxidase catalytic core flavocytochrome b558.	Superoxides	18-28	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	177-184
16460309-4	2006	Deletion of the linker between the p47phox SH3 domains results not only in a defective binding to p22phox but also in a loss of the activity to support superoxide production.	Superoxides	152-162	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	35-42
16678016-5	2006	The NGF-induced increase in NOX1 mRNA was mediated by TrkA and accompanied by increased intracellular superoxide, which was suppressed by NADPH oxidase inhibitors.	Superoxides	102-112	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	28-32
16678016-10	2006	Taken together, increased superoxide production by up-regulation of NOX1 may negatively regulate neuronal differentiation by suppressing excessive neurite outgrowth.	Superoxides	26-36	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	68-72
16531408-0	2006	Direct and indirect roles of cytochrome b in the mediation of superoxide generation and NO catabolism by mitochondrial succinate-cytochrome c reductase.	Superoxides	62-72	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	29-41
16806053-4	2006	Here we examine critically the evidence that UCP1, UCP2 and UCP3 are stimulated by ROS (superoxide) or ROS products (4-hydroxy-2-nonenal), and that the UCPs actually diminish oxidative damage.	Superoxides	88-98	uncoupling protein 3	Homo sapiens	60-64
16343485-10	2006	Moreover, AM"s effects were associated with increased cerebral nitric oxide (NO) levels, as well as decreased NAD(P)H oxidase activities and superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	141-157	adrenomedullin	Homo sapiens	10-12
16390828-3	2006	Regression analysis showed that increases in aortic superoxide anion (O.-2) with aging were significantly correlated with changes in the expression and/or regulation of proteins involved in metabolic (AMPK-alpha), signaling (mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) along with c-Src), apoptotic (Bax, Bcl-2, Traf-2) and transcriptional (NF-kappaB) activities.	Superoxides	52-68	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	278-283
16454654-10	2006	The protective effects of kallikrein, through the kinin B2 receptor, were accompanied by increased cerebral nitric oxide and Bcl-2 levels, Akt phosphorylation, and reduced NAD(P)H oxidase activity, superoxide production, Bax levels, and caspase-3 activity.	Superoxides	198-208	kallikrein related peptidase 4	Homo sapiens	26-36
16155939-7	2006	These results suggest that, (1) NO is released from PBN by hyperthermia, and subsequently reacts with O2- to form ONOO-, (2) NO and ONOO- are involved in the enhancement of apoptosis through Fas-mitochondria-caspase and [Ca2+]i-dependent pathways, and (3) a decrease in Hsp70 and phosphorylated HSF1 also contributed to the enhancement of apoptosis.	Superoxides	102-104	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 4	Homo sapiens	270-275
16514436-6	2006	In vitro, IL-18 primed superoxide production by ANCA-activated neutrophils comparably to TNFalpha.	Superoxides	23-33	interleukin 18	Homo sapiens	10-15
16514436-7	2006	IL-18-primed, ANCA-induced superoxide production was unaffected by anti-TNFalpha antibody, which abrogated TNFalpha priming.	Superoxides	27-37	interleukin 18	Homo sapiens	0-5
16514436-9	2006	The p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB20358, reduced IL-18-primed, ANCA-induced superoxide production in a concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	68-78	interleukin 18	Homo sapiens	41-46
16195250-5	2006	The PXR-induced paraquat sensitivity was associated with decreased activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, enzymes that scavenge superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, respectively.	Superoxides	81-91	nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 2	Mus musculus	4-7
16257122-0	2006	Hyperglycemia increases superoxide production in the CA1 pyramidal neurons after global cerebral ischemia.	Superoxides	24-34	carbonic anhydrase 1	Homo sapiens	53-56
16257122-4	2006	The results showed that hyperglycemic ischemia caused a significant increase of superoxide production in the hippocampal CA1 neurons compared to normoglycemic animals after 18 h of recirculation, suggesting that enhanced superoxide anion production may mediate the hyperglycemia-accelerated and -enhanced neuronal death in the hippocampal CA1 area after ischemia and reperfusion.	Superoxides	80-90	carbonic anhydrase 1	Homo sapiens	121-124
16257122-4	2006	The results showed that hyperglycemic ischemia caused a significant increase of superoxide production in the hippocampal CA1 neurons compared to normoglycemic animals after 18 h of recirculation, suggesting that enhanced superoxide anion production may mediate the hyperglycemia-accelerated and -enhanced neuronal death in the hippocampal CA1 area after ischemia and reperfusion.	Superoxides	80-90	carbonic anhydrase 1	Homo sapiens	339-342
16257122-4	2006	The results showed that hyperglycemic ischemia caused a significant increase of superoxide production in the hippocampal CA1 neurons compared to normoglycemic animals after 18 h of recirculation, suggesting that enhanced superoxide anion production may mediate the hyperglycemia-accelerated and -enhanced neuronal death in the hippocampal CA1 area after ischemia and reperfusion.	Superoxides	221-237	carbonic anhydrase 1	Homo sapiens	121-124
16257122-4	2006	The results showed that hyperglycemic ischemia caused a significant increase of superoxide production in the hippocampal CA1 neurons compared to normoglycemic animals after 18 h of recirculation, suggesting that enhanced superoxide anion production may mediate the hyperglycemia-accelerated and -enhanced neuronal death in the hippocampal CA1 area after ischemia and reperfusion.	Superoxides	221-237	carbonic anhydrase 1	Homo sapiens	339-342
16394009-9	2006	CpG-DNA evoked concomitant increases in intracellular superoxide and NO levels, leading to enhanced ONOO- formation and, consequently, nuclear accumulation of c-Fos and NF-kappaB.	Superoxides	54-64	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	159-164
16375898-1	2006	Actin has been reported to enhance the superoxide-generating activity of neutrophil NADPH oxidase in a cell-free system and to interact with p47phox, a regulatory subunit of the oxidase.	Superoxides	39-49	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	141-148
16106039-9	2006	These data demonstrate that enhanced generation of O2(-) modulates renal hemodynamic and tubular reabsorptive function, possibly leading to sodium retention and thus contributing to the pathogenesis of ANG II-induced hypertension.	Superoxides	51-56	angiogenin	Rattus norvegicus	202-205
16237045-4	2005	This defect in killing was due to diminished NADPH oxidase-mediated production of superoxide anion in response to bacteria by MyD88-/- phagocytes as a consequence of defective NADPH oxidase assembly.	Superoxides	82-98	myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88	Mus musculus	126-131
16204621-3	2005	However, this production of O2- is dependent on translocation of the oxidase subunits, including gp91phox, p22phox, p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and Rac2 from the cytosol or specific granules to the plasma membrane.	Superoxides	28-30	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	97-105
16204621-3	2005	However, this production of O2- is dependent on translocation of the oxidase subunits, including gp91phox, p22phox, p47phox, p67phox, p40phox, and Rac2 from the cytosol or specific granules to the plasma membrane.	Superoxides	28-30	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	116-123
16081273-1	2005	Sensitivity of the assay for Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3), the predominant form of SOD in serum, can be increased, and interferences caused by low-molecular-weight substances in the serum can be reduced by conducting the assay at pH 10 with xanthine/xanthine oxidase and acetylated cytochrome c (cyt c) as superoxide generator and detector, respectively.	Superoxides	35-45	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	59-63
16081273-1	2005	Sensitivity of the assay for Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3), the predominant form of SOD in serum, can be increased, and interferences caused by low-molecular-weight substances in the serum can be reduced by conducting the assay at pH 10 with xanthine/xanthine oxidase and acetylated cytochrome c (cyt c) as superoxide generator and detector, respectively.	Superoxides	35-45	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	59-62
16176446-5	2005	5 These data suggest that the observed enhancement of eNOS protein expression could constitute a compensatory mechanism to counter-regulate a chronic loss of NO possibly through increased superoxide anion production from NAD(P)H oxidase induced by age.	Superoxides	188-204	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	54-58
15985711-2	2005	In veins superoxide production is dependent primarily on nox2 NAD(P)H oxidase expression, while in arteries nox4 appears to play an important role.	Superoxides	9-19	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	57-61
15845367-5	2005	TRACP overexpression increased both ROS levels and superoxide production.	Superoxides	51-61	acid phosphatase 5, tartrate resistant	Mus musculus	0-5
16083869-1	2005	CD4+ T cell proliferation depends on the balance between NO and extra-cellular superoxide (O2-).	Superoxides	79-89	CD4 antigen	Mus musculus	0-3
16083869-1	2005	CD4+ T cell proliferation depends on the balance between NO and extra-cellular superoxide (O2-).	Superoxides	91-93	CD4 antigen	Mus musculus	0-3
15653716-8	2005	Exogenous administration of kallikrein also led to increased nitric oxide (NO)/cGMP and cAMP levels, and reduced NAD(P)H oxidase activities, superoxide formation and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels.	Superoxides	141-151	kallikrein related peptidase 4	Homo sapiens	28-38
15637297-0	2005	A defect of neuronal nitric oxide synthase increases xanthine oxidase-derived superoxide anion and attenuates the control of myocardial oxygen consumption by nitric oxide derived from endothelial nitric oxide synthase.	Superoxides	78-94	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	53-69
15839099-5	2005	We also found that G6PD has a role in the mechanism of protection against superoxide and peroxide stresses.	Superoxides	74-84	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	19-23
15504745-3	2005	Mice deficient in the hematopoietic-specific Rac2 isoform exhibit agonist-specific defects in neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide production, despite expression of the highly homologous Rac1 isoform.	Superoxides	120-130	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	45-49
15504745-7	2005	In rac2(-/-) neutrophils isolated from mice transplanted with Rac-transduced bone marrow cells, superoxide production and chemotaxis were fully reconstituted by expression of exogenous Rac2, but not Rac1.	Superoxides	96-106	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	3-7
15504745-7	2005	In rac2(-/-) neutrophils isolated from mice transplanted with Rac-transduced bone marrow cells, superoxide production and chemotaxis were fully reconstituted by expression of exogenous Rac2, but not Rac1.	Superoxides	96-106	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	185-189
15504745-8	2005	A chimeric Rac1 protein in which the Rac1 C-terminal polybasic domain, which contains six lysines or arginines, was replaced with that of the human Rac2 polybasic domain containing only three basic residues, also reconstituted superoxide production and chemotaxis, whereas expression of a Rac2 derivative in which the polybasic domain was replaced with that of Rac1 did not and resulted in disoriented cell motility.	Superoxides	227-237	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	11-15
15625114-9	2005	MPO also augmented PMN-dependent superoxide (O(2)(*-)) production, which was prevented by anti-CD11b antibodies, but not MPO inhibitors.	Superoxides	33-43	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	95-100
15625114-9	2005	MPO also augmented PMN-dependent superoxide (O(2)(*-)) production, which was prevented by anti-CD11b antibodies, but not MPO inhibitors.	Superoxides	45-53	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	95-100
15569826-9	2005	Transfection of a dominant-negative (RacN17) and constitutively active Rac1 mutant (RacV12) indicated that ANP-induced superoxide generation and MKP-1 expression are mediated via Rac1 activation.	Superoxides	119-129	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	71-75
15569826-9	2005	Transfection of a dominant-negative (RacN17) and constitutively active Rac1 mutant (RacV12) indicated that ANP-induced superoxide generation and MKP-1 expression are mediated via Rac1 activation.	Superoxides	119-129	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	179-183
15475543-9	2004	Thus NO bioavailability is impaired in SHR owing to an ANG II-mediated increase in superoxide production in association with enhanced expression of NAD(P)H oxidase components, despite increased expression of eNOS.	Superoxides	83-93	angiogenin	Rattus norvegicus	55-58
15475543-10	2004	Loss of SOD-3, an important superoxide scavenger, may also contribute to enhanced oxidant stress.	Superoxides	28-38	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	8-13
15539515-5	2004	GM-CSF together with peptide 2 but not other peptides enhanced the production of superoxide (O2-) by neutrophils.	Superoxides	81-91	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	0-6
15539515-5	2004	GM-CSF together with peptide 2 but not other peptides enhanced the production of superoxide (O2-) by neutrophils.	Superoxides	93-95	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	0-6
15494527-4	2004	The NADPH oxidase components p47phox and gp91phox were down-regulated during monocyte differentiation to DC, and maturation of DC with pathogen-derived molecules, known to activate TLRs, increased p47phox and gp91phox expression and enhanced superoxide anions release.	Superoxides	242-259	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	29-36
15494527-4	2004	The NADPH oxidase components p47phox and gp91phox were down-regulated during monocyte differentiation to DC, and maturation of DC with pathogen-derived molecules, known to activate TLRs, increased p47phox and gp91phox expression and enhanced superoxide anions release.	Superoxides	242-259	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	41-49
15494527-4	2004	The NADPH oxidase components p47phox and gp91phox were down-regulated during monocyte differentiation to DC, and maturation of DC with pathogen-derived molecules, known to activate TLRs, increased p47phox and gp91phox expression and enhanced superoxide anions release.	Superoxides	242-259	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	197-204
15494527-4	2004	The NADPH oxidase components p47phox and gp91phox were down-regulated during monocyte differentiation to DC, and maturation of DC with pathogen-derived molecules, known to activate TLRs, increased p47phox and gp91phox expression and enhanced superoxide anions release.	Superoxides	242-259	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	209-217
15496169-2	2004	This O2- production contributes to increased expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP-1) and consequent deposition of collagen in response to Hcys.	Superoxides	5-7	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1	Rattus norvegicus	98-104
15574831-2	2004	Because treatment with the antioxidant n-propyl gallate before irradiation suppressed these changes, gamma irradiation partially rescued the rhd2 mutant (defective in NADPH oxidase); the superoxide-generating reagent paraquat induced similar root morphogenesis.	Superoxides	187-197	NADPH/respiratory burst oxidase protein D	Arabidopsis thaliana	141-145
15509740-9	2004	gp120 coupled CXCR4 (CXC chemokine receptor 4) to induce NADPH oxidase-mediated production of superoxide radicals in neurons, which was involved in the activation of NSMase but not ASMase.	Superoxides	94-104	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Homo sapiens	14-19
15509740-9	2004	gp120 coupled CXCR4 (CXC chemokine receptor 4) to induce NADPH oxidase-mediated production of superoxide radicals in neurons, which was involved in the activation of NSMase but not ASMase.	Superoxides	94-104	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Homo sapiens	21-45
15243751-8	2004	The present findings demonstrate that MTP is diminished by ROS, including the H2O2 dismutated from O2-, produced intracellularly by activation of the NADPH oxidase in mouse peritoneal resident macrophages stimulated with PMA.	Superoxides	80-82	lysosomal-associated protein transmembrane 4A	Mus musculus	38-41
15464300-10	2004	It has also been reported recently that UCP2 and UCP3 responses to superoxide application may be an antioxidant protective mechanism.	Superoxides	67-77	uncoupling protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	40-44
15507762-4	2004	The translocation depends on a stimulus-induced conformational change of p47phox, which leads to the SH3 domain-mediated interaction with p22phox, a binding required for the gp91phox/Nox2-dependent superoxide production.	Superoxides	198-208	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	73-80
15507762-4	2004	The translocation depends on a stimulus-induced conformational change of p47phox, which leads to the SH3 domain-mediated interaction with p22phox, a binding required for the gp91phox/Nox2-dependent superoxide production.	Superoxides	198-208	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	174-182
15507762-4	2004	The translocation depends on a stimulus-induced conformational change of p47phox, which leads to the SH3 domain-mediated interaction with p22phox, a binding required for the gp91phox/Nox2-dependent superoxide production.	Superoxides	198-208	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	183-187
15507763-5	2004	The changes of splicing pattern in the transcripts and prolonged effect on superoxide generating ability of patients" neutrophils indicate that IFN-gamma induced an ability to correct abnormal splicing of CYBB gene transcripts in progenitor cells at least in part.	Superoxides	75-85	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	205-209
15304252-3	2004	Superoxide and the lipid peroxidation products it engenders, including hydroxyalkenals such as hydroxynonenal, are potent activators of proton conductance by mitochondrial uncoupling proteins such as UCP2 and UCP3, although the mechanism of activation has yet to be established.	Superoxides	0-10	uncoupling protein 3	Homo sapiens	209-213
22836756-4	2012	We found that miR-21 inhibited the metabolism of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide, produced either by endogenous basal activities or exposure to ionizing radiation (IR), by directing attenuating SOD3 or by an indirect mechanism that limited TNFa production, thereby reducing SOD2 levels.	Superoxides	49-59	microRNA 21	Homo sapiens	14-20
22634165-13	2012	This negative effect was well-correlated with increased cAMP levels via PKA activity and the subsequent inhibition of ERK (p42/p44) phosphorylation to decrease superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	160-176	cyclin dependent kinase 20	Homo sapiens	123-126
22288373-2	2012	Vascular superoxide, generated by uncoupled endothelial NOS (eNOS), may play a role.	Superoxides	9-19	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	44-59
22423051-7	2012	Superoxide production in uterine arteries did not differ between C57BL/6J and Nos3(-/-) mice but was significantly increased in placentas from Nos3(-/-) mice (P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	0-10	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	143-147
22561304-11	2012	Our findings suggest that APN may contribute to an increase in nitric oxide bioavailability by decreasing superoxide production as well as by inhibiting inflammation and adhesion molecules in the aorta in type 2 diabetic mice.	Superoxides	106-116	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Mus musculus	26-29
22580024-7	2012	As shown, the super-oxide generation began enhancing very early on day 10 after SAG treatment with CD2 during which SAG action was at minimum.	Superoxides	14-25	S-antigen, retina and pineal gland (arrestin)	Mus musculus	80-83
22580024-7	2012	As shown, the super-oxide generation began enhancing very early on day 10 after SAG treatment with CD2 during which SAG action was at minimum.	Superoxides	14-25	S-antigen, retina and pineal gland (arrestin)	Mus musculus	116-119
22579869-3	2012	And the antioxidant activities of PPS were investigated in vitro including reducing power, hydroxyl assay, superoxide radical assay and DPPH scavenge activity.	Superoxides	107-125	inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase K	Homo sapiens	34-37
22573891-0	2012	GBF1 bears a novel phosphatidylinositol-phosphate binding module, BP3K, to link PI3Kgamma activity with Arf1 activation involved in GPCR-mediated neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide production.	Superoxides	172-182	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	80-89
22573891-7	2012	Our results identify a novel mechanism that links PI3Kgamma activity with chemotaxis and superoxide production in GPCR signaling.	Superoxides	89-99	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	50-59
22580330-3	2012	Specifically knockdown of G6PD protein expression in hippocampus CA1 subregion at early reperfusion period (1-24 h) with a strategy to pre-treated G6PD AS-ODNs significantly reduced G6PD activity and NADPH level, an effect correlated with attenuation of NADPH oxidase activation and superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	283-299	carbonic anhydrase 1	Rattus norvegicus	65-68
22260450-2	2012	The purpose of this study was to investigate whether klotho gene transfer attenuates superoxide production and oxidative stress in rat aorta smooth muscle (RASM) cells.	Superoxides	85-95	Klotho	Rattus norvegicus	53-59
22260450-6	2012	Klotho gene transfer decreased intracellular superoxide production and oxidative stress in RASM cells.	Superoxides	45-55	Klotho	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
22260450-7	2012	Klotho gene expression also significantly attenuated the angiotensin II (AngII)-induced superoxide production, oxidative damage, and apoptosis.	Superoxides	88-98	Klotho	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
22260450-12	2012	Klotho not only downregulated Nox2 protein expression and intracellular superoxide production but also attenuated AngII-induced superoxide production, oxidative damage, and apoptosis.	Superoxides	72-82	Klotho	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
22260450-12	2012	Klotho not only downregulated Nox2 protein expression and intracellular superoxide production but also attenuated AngII-induced superoxide production, oxidative damage, and apoptosis.	Superoxides	128-138	Klotho	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
22535762-10	2012	Taken together, our results show that the anthocyanin C3G prevents or reverses hypercholesterolemia-induced endothelial dysfunction by inhibiting cholesterol and 7-oxysterol accumulation in the aorta and the subsequent decrease in superoxide production, thereby preserving eNOS activity and NO bioavailability.	Superoxides	231-241	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 1	Mus musculus	54-57
22335598-0	2012	Ligand-activated PPARdelta inhibits UVB-induced senescence of human keratinocytes via PTEN-mediated inhibition of superoxide production.	Superoxides	114-124	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Homo sapiens	86-90
22465246-9	2012	These findings suggest that Ang II-NADPH oxidase-superoxide signaling chronically regulates the protein expression of the HCN channels in rat nodose neurons.	Superoxides	49-59	cyclic nucleotide gated channel subunit alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	122-125
22041456-2	2012	The hypothesis that mutations in SDHD increase levels of superoxide leading to genomic instability was tested using site-directed mutagenesis to generate a truncated SDHD cDNA that was expressed in Chinese hamster fibroblasts.	Superoxides	57-67	succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b small subunit, mitochondrial	Cricetulus griseus	33-37
22195275-4	2012	Here, we have examined the direct effect of HO-1 and its bioactive metabolites on hypoxia-induced changes in superoxide and sFlt-1 in placental vascular explants and showed that HO-1 and its metabolites attenuate the production of both factors in this system.	Superoxides	109-119	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	44-48
22195275-4	2012	Here, we have examined the direct effect of HO-1 and its bioactive metabolites on hypoxia-induced changes in superoxide and sFlt-1 in placental vascular explants and showed that HO-1 and its metabolites attenuate the production of both factors in this system.	Superoxides	109-119	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	178-182
21963612-5	2012	Transgenic lines where the GRXS13 gene has been knocked down show increased basal levels of superoxide radicals and reduced plant growth.	Superoxides	92-102	Glutaredoxin family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	27-33
21963612-8	2012	Alterations in GRXS13 expression also affect superoxide levels and the ascorbate/dehydroascorbate ratio after HL-induced stress.	Superoxides	45-55	Glutaredoxin family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	15-21
22529530-1	2012	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3), an enzyme mediating dismutation of superoxide into hydrogen peroxide, has been shown to reduce inflammation by inhibiting macrophage migration into injured tissues.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	36-40
22529530-2	2012	In inflamed tissues, superoxide is produced by the phagocytic NOX2 complex, which consists of the catalytic subunit NOX2 and several regulatory subunits (e.g., NCF1).	Superoxides	21-31	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	160-164
21877148-7	2012	SYD-1 (100 muM) was also able to increase the production of superoxide anion (~50%).	Superoxides	60-76	synapse defective Rho GTPase homolog 1	Homo sapiens	0-14
22442695-7	2012	CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: We conclude that formation of peroxynitrite by a reaction between superoxide anion generated by NADPH oxidase in RVLM on activation by AT1R and NOS II-derived NO leads to a reduction in baroreflex-mediated sympathetic vasomotor tone during experimental TLSE; to be ameliorated by the upregulated BDNF/TrkB signaling via inhibition of p47(phox) phosphorylation.	Superoxides	92-108	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	360-363
22396743-1	2012	BACKGROUND: The C242T polymorphism of the CYBA gene that encodes p22phox, a component of NADPH oxidase, has been found to modulate superoxide production.	Superoxides	131-141	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	42-46
22396743-1	2012	BACKGROUND: The C242T polymorphism of the CYBA gene that encodes p22phox, a component of NADPH oxidase, has been found to modulate superoxide production.	Superoxides	131-141	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	65-72
22359684-9	2012	Mitochondrial content of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K), a nucleic acid binding protein involved in regulating mRNA transportation and stabilization, was significantly enhanced by adiponectin, which also evoked a transient elevation of mitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	271-281	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Mus musculus	201-212
22359684-10	2012	Rotenone, an inhibitor of mitochondrial respiratory complex I, abolished adiponectin-induced superoxide production, hnRNP K recruitment and UCP2 expression.	Superoxides	93-103	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Mus musculus	73-84
22359684-11	2012	CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Mitochondrial superoxide production stimulated by adiponectin serves as a trigger to initiate the translocation of hnRNP K, which in turn promotes UCP2 expressions in liver.	Superoxides	40-50	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Mus musculus	76-87
23139859-5	2012	The mechanism involved impaired early neutrophil recruitment to the liver with Fpr1 and Fpr2 being sole receptors for neutrophils to sense Listeria chemoattractant signals and for production of bactericidal superoxide.	Superoxides	207-217	formyl peptide receptor 1	Mus musculus	79-83
22002675-0	2011	Hyperglycemia promotes tissue plasminogen activator-induced hemorrhage by Increasing superoxide production.	Superoxides	85-95	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Rattus norvegicus	23-51
22002675-11	2011	INTERPRETATION: These findings demonstrate a causal relationship between hyperglycemia and hemorrhage in an animal model of tPA stroke treatment, and suggest that this effect of hyperglycemia is mediated through an increase in superoxide production by NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	227-237	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Rattus norvegicus	124-127
21630637-0	2011	tert-Butylhydroquinone as a spectroscopic probe for the superoxide radical scavenging activity assay of biological samples.	Superoxides	56-66	telomerase reverse transcriptase	Homo sapiens	0-4
21376054-7	2011	Further, Ang-II also activated CREB via superoxide-mediated p38 MAPK and ERK activation.	Superoxides	40-50	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	31-35
21860589-5	2011	Furthermore, CLE-dependent arginase inhibition resulted in increase of NO generation and decrease of superoxide production on endothelium of isolated mice aorta.	Superoxides	101-111	closed eyes and microphthalmia	Mus musculus	13-16
21330607-7	2011	Finally, we found that superoxide was produced in reperfused myocardium and that intravenous administration of edaravone, a free radical scavenger, immediately before reperfusion significantly suppressed the superoxide overproduction and subsequent expression of sxbp1 and chop mRNA, followed by reduced injury size in wild-type mice.	Superoxides	23-33	DNA-damage inducible transcript 3	Mus musculus	273-277
21330607-8	2011	CONCLUSIONS: The ER stress-induced, CHOP-mediated pathway, which is activated in part by superoxide overproduction after reperfusion, exacerbates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by inducing cardiomyocyte apoptosis and myocardial inflammation.	Superoxides	89-99	DNA-damage inducible transcript 3	Mus musculus	36-40
21310208-5	2011	The co-administration of CP with DPPD or L-cysteine significantly reduced the elevation in LPO, however the co-administration of CP with Vit C, DPPD or L-cysteine reduced the effect of CP on superoxide anion and antioxidant enzymes and also on the antioxidants contents.	Superoxides	191-207	vitrin	Rattus norvegicus	137-140
21145826-6	2011	RESULTS: Human MSCs and HSC/MFs migrate in response to a panel of polypeptide chemoattractants and extracellularly generated superoxide anion.	Superoxides	125-141	fucosyltransferase 1 (H blood group)	Homo sapiens	24-27
21343299-4	2011	KGF augmented the recruitment, phagocytic activity, and oxidant responses of alveolar macrophages, including lipopolysaccharide-stimulated nitric oxide release and zymosan-induced superoxide production.	Superoxides	180-190	fibroblast growth factor 7	Mus musculus	0-3
21789889-9	2011	Our findings suggested that the high-intensity exercise ameliorated the insulin- and IGF-1-mediated vasorelaxation through the endothelium-dependent pathway, which was associated with the reduced level of superoxide production.	Superoxides	205-215	insulin-like growth factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	72-90
21232086-7	2011	RESULTS: We found that Abeta-induced activation of microglia, activation of PHOX, generation of superoxide and other reactive oxygen species, and loss of dopaminergic neurons were decreased in MAC1-/- cultures compared to MAC1+/+ cultures.	Superoxides	96-106	amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein	Mus musculus	23-28
21232086-12	2011	CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, our data demonstrate that Abeta activates MAC1 receptor to increase the activity of PI3K, which in turn phosphorylates p47phox, triggers the translocation of cytosolic subunits of PHOX to microglia membrane, increases PHOX activation and the subsequent production of superoxide and causes neurotoxicity.	Superoxides	296-306	amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein	Mus musculus	55-60
20708598-2	2011	It becomes active when membrane-bound cytochrome b(558), the redox core, is assembled with cytosolic p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and rac proteins to produce superoxide, the precursor for generation of toxic reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	162-172	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	101-104
20934533-8	2011	Furthermore, NADPH oxidase inhibitors (diphenyleneiodonium and apocynin, and a superoxide scavenger (Tiron) inhibited cadmium-induced upregulation of heme oxygenase-1.	Superoxides	79-89	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	150-166
21792375-3	2011	Additionally, microglial cells release IL-1alpha/beta, reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide (O(2) (-)) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) like nitric oxide (NO).	Superoxides	94-104	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	39-48
21792375-3	2011	Additionally, microglial cells release IL-1alpha/beta, reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide (O(2) (-)) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) like nitric oxide (NO).	Superoxides	106-110	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	39-48
21114366-9	2011	Treatment with rAPN markedly decreased superoxide production (-62 %, P&lt;0.05) and enhanced antioxidant capacity (+38 %, P&lt;0.05) in hyperlipidemic platelets.	Superoxides	39-49	alanyl aminopeptidase, membrane	Rattus norvegicus	15-19
21151885-6	2010	Here we have adapted a technique of flow cytometry to directly measure ROS levels in isolated mitochondria to show that the generation of superoxide is elevated in the nuo-6 and isp-1 mitochondrial mutants, although overall ROS levels are not, and oxidative stress is low.	Superoxides	138-148	Complex I-B15	Caenorhabditis elegans	168-173
20679349-6	2010	Alanine substitution for Tyr-198, Leu-199, or Val-204 abrogates the ability of p67(phox) to support superoxide production by gp91(phox)-based oxidase as well as its related oxidases Nox1 and Nox3; the activation also involves other invariant residues such as Leu-193, Asp-197, and Gly-200.	Superoxides	100-110	NADPH oxidase 3	Homo sapiens	191-195
20564349-11	2010	The brain microvessels of TERT(-/-) mice also were more susceptible to oxidative stress, revealing higher superoxide and lower glutathione levels compared with mice with normal TERT expression.	Superoxides	106-116	telomerase reverse transcriptase	Mus musculus	26-30
20634294-8	2010	TCDD also induced superoxide anion production, measured by NADPH-dependent lucigenin luminescence, in aorta, heart, and kidney of CYP1A1 WT mice but not KO mice.	Superoxides	18-34	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	Mus musculus	130-136
20634294-12	2010	These results demonstrate that CYP1A1 is required for TCDD-induced cardiovascular superoxide anion production, endothelial dysfunction, and hypertension.	Superoxides	82-98	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	Mus musculus	31-37
20493824-7	2010	Further, NSC23766 prevented C2-CER-induced Rac1 activation and production of superoxides and lipid peroxides.	Superoxides	77-88	complement C2	Rattus norvegicus	28-34
20621841-3	2010	CKII inhibition by treatment with CKII inhibitor or CKIIalpha small-interfering RNA (siRNA) increased intracellular hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion levels.	Superoxides	138-154	casein kinase 2 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
20621841-3	2010	CKII inhibition by treatment with CKII inhibitor or CKIIalpha small-interfering RNA (siRNA) increased intracellular hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion levels.	Superoxides	138-154	casein kinase 2 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	34-38
20621841-7	2010	These data demonstrate that CKII inhibition induces superoxide anion generation via NOX activation, and subsequent superoxide-dependent activation of p53 acts as a mediator of senescence in HCT116 cells after down-regulation of CKII.	Superoxides	52-68	casein kinase 2 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
20621841-7	2010	These data demonstrate that CKII inhibition induces superoxide anion generation via NOX activation, and subsequent superoxide-dependent activation of p53 acts as a mediator of senescence in HCT116 cells after down-regulation of CKII.	Superoxides	52-62	casein kinase 2 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
20457604-4	2010	In the absence of its main electron-accepting substrates (e.g. thioredoxin), wild-type TrxR generates superoxide (O ), which was here detected and quantified by ESR spin trapping with 5-diethoxyphosphoryl-5-methyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DEPMPO).	Superoxides	102-112	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	63-74
20457604-4	2010	In the absence of its main electron-accepting substrates (e.g. thioredoxin), wild-type TrxR generates superoxide (O ), which was here detected and quantified by ESR spin trapping with 5-diethoxyphosphoryl-5-methyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DEPMPO).	Superoxides	102-112	peroxiredoxin 5	Homo sapiens	87-91
20493858-5	2010	Our results indicate that EC-SOD attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary injury, at least in part, by preventing superoxide-mediated release of hyaluronan into alveolar space.	Superoxides	112-122	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	26-32
20435848-6	2010	In addition, the cellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide anion, were significantly increased in resistin-treated HCAECs.	Superoxides	77-93	resistin	Homo sapiens	127-135
20651824-4	2010	These results suggest that in the mouse aorta, exposure to high glucose levels may lead to an excessive generation of superoxide via increased gp91phox and decreased Mn-SOD protein expression and that this may in turn trigger an impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation.	Superoxides	118-128	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	143-147
19733484-7	2010	Finally, p22-phox and p47-phox, key players in the superoxide-generating NAD(P)H oxidase, were also up-regulated by reduced compliance.	Superoxides	51-61	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	9-12
20873174-2	2010	It was shown that the influence of the studied xenobiotics on severed roots of wheat seedlings caused an increase in the permeability ofplasmalemma for K+ and H+ and stimulated the activity of the extracellular peroxidase that forms the superoxide radical anion.	Superoxides	237-261	peroxidase-like	Triticum aestivum	211-221
20339118-2	2010	OBJECTIVES: We sought to test whether vasoactive agents regulate Nox5 through Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent processes and whether Ca(2+)-sensitive Nox5, associated with Rac-1, generates superoxide (O(2)(*-)) and activates growth and inflammatory responses via mitogen-activated protein kinases in human endothelial cells (ECs).	Superoxides	184-194	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	145-149
20339118-8	2010	Nox5 knockdown abrogated agonist-stimulated O(2)(*-) production and inhibited phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, but not p38 MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) or SAPK/JNK (stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase).	Superoxides	44-48	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	0-4
20346917-1	2010	The membrane bound cytochrome b558 composed of large gp91-phox and small p22-phox subunits, and cytosolic proteins p40-, p47- and p67-phox are important components of superoxide (O(2)(-))-generating system in phagocytes and B lymphocytes.	Superoxides	179-182	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	121-124
20346917-1	2010	The membrane bound cytochrome b558 composed of large gp91-phox and small p22-phox subunits, and cytosolic proteins p40-, p47- and p67-phox are important components of superoxide (O(2)(-))-generating system in phagocytes and B lymphocytes.	Superoxides	167-177	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	73-76
20346917-1	2010	The membrane bound cytochrome b558 composed of large gp91-phox and small p22-phox subunits, and cytosolic proteins p40-, p47- and p67-phox are important components of superoxide (O(2)(-))-generating system in phagocytes and B lymphocytes.	Superoxides	167-177	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	121-124
20422004-2	2010	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD) is a major secreted extracellular enzyme that catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide to H(2)O(2), and anchors to EC surface through heparin-binding domain (HBD).	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	36-41
20230789-6	2010	Expression of S282A mutant of NoxA1 in these cells led to increased superoxide anion production in response to EGF compared to expression of the wild type, whereas the expression of S282E, a phosphomimetic mutant, resulted in significantly decreased superoxide anion generation.	Superoxides	68-84	epidermal growth factor	Mus musculus	111-114
20396382-11	2010	High level of leptin (50 nM) compromised contractile and intracellular Ca2+ response as well as O2(-) production and stress signaling in all groups.	Superoxides	96-101	leptin	Mus musculus	14-20
20172962-7	2010	Enhanced PKC-beta activation by DHEAS resulted in increased phosphorylation of p47(phox), a crucial component of the active reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate complex responsible for neutrophil superoxide generation.	Superoxides	211-221	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	79-82
20019674-11	2010	EPO therapy further increased tissue levels of ET-1 and superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	56-72	erythropoietin	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
19942609-9	2010	Moreover, beclin-1 gene expression was directly dependent on POX catalytic activity, namely the generation of POX-dependent superoxide.	Superoxides	124-134	proline dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	61-64
19942609-9	2010	Moreover, beclin-1 gene expression was directly dependent on POX catalytic activity, namely the generation of POX-dependent superoxide.	Superoxides	124-134	proline dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	110-113
20160535-5	2010	Decreased superoxide generation by Nox4 oxidase and its conversion to peroxide by Cu,Zn-SOD appear to be potential factors in sensing hypoxia, and decreased cGMP-associated vasodilation and removal of redox controlled vasodilator mechanisms by increased cytosolic NADPH may be key coordinators of the HPV response.	Superoxides	10-20	NADPH oxidase 4	Bos taurus	35-39
20154025-0	2010	Intermittent high glucose exacerbates the aberrant production of adiponectin and resistin through mitochondrial superoxide overproduction in adipocytes.	Superoxides	112-122	resistin	Homo sapiens	81-89
20074088-9	2010	The results suggest that UVB-induced and cNOS-produced NO* is rapidly scavenged by photolytically and enzymatically generated superoxide (O(2) (-)) to produce high levels of ONOO(-), which enhances oxidative injury and apoptosis of the irradiated cells.	Superoxides	126-136	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	41-45
20074088-9	2010	The results suggest that UVB-induced and cNOS-produced NO* is rapidly scavenged by photolytically and enzymatically generated superoxide (O(2) (-)) to produce high levels of ONOO(-), which enhances oxidative injury and apoptosis of the irradiated cells.	Superoxides	138-142	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	41-45
20028137-3	2010	NOX5 generates superoxide in response to intracellular Ca(2+) elevation in vivo and in a cell-free system.	Superoxides	15-25	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	0-4
20028137-8	2010	NOX5-EF binds to these two segments in a Ca(2+)-dependent way, and the superoxide generation by NOX5 depends on this interaction.	Superoxides	71-81	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	0-4
20028137-8	2010	NOX5-EF binds to these two segments in a Ca(2+)-dependent way, and the superoxide generation by NOX5 depends on this interaction.	Superoxides	71-81	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	96-100
19509473-2	2009	The aim of the study was to compare, in the model of human MNL, the effect of potassium-sparing diuretics amiloride and canrenone, on the protein expression of p22phox, a NADPH-oxidase system subunit, that is a principal marker of production of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	245-262	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	160-167
19773531-5	2009	Compared with WT cells, HO-2(-/-) mAEC showed a 2-fold reduction in HO activity and marked increases in levels of gp91(phox)/NADPH oxidase isoform, superoxide, nuclear factor kappaB activation, and expression of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1alpha and IL-6.	Superoxides	148-158	heme oxygenase 2	Mus musculus	24-28
19727064-4	2009	Increasing the amount of AOPPs in the media of conditionally immortalized podocytes rapidly triggered the production of intracellular superoxide by activation of NADPH oxidase and this, in turn, led to an upregulation of p53, Bax, caspase 3 activity, and apoptosis.	Superoxides	134-144	Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene	Rattus norvegicus	221-224
19409565-8	2009	These observations, together with the functions of catalase and Cu/Zn-SOD to scavenge hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anions, implicate a causal role of ROS in the pathogenesis of BaP-induced atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	108-125	prohibitin 2	Mus musculus	181-184
19301149-5	2009	Leptin was found to increase oxidative species production as measured with 2",7"-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (general marker of oxidative species, but not O2-*) and dihydroethidium (marker of O2-*).	Superoxides	201-203	leptin	Homo sapiens	0-6
19301149-7	2009	Inhibition of the Na+-H+ exchanger isoform 1 (NHE1) also inhibited leptin-induced superoxide anion production but at the same time amplified leptin-induced production of other oxidative species.	Superoxides	82-98	leptin	Homo sapiens	67-73
19837302-11	2009	In all the patients with SCC, a lowered ability of neutrophils to generate superoxide anion radicals and an increased production of cyclic guanosine monophosphate by PMNs and PBMCs was confirmed.	Superoxides	75-100	serpin family B member 3	Homo sapiens	25-28
19799418-0	2009	Vitamin B(12) and redox homeostasis: cob(II)alamin reacts with superoxide at rates approaching superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	63-73	metabolism of cobalamin associated B	Homo sapiens	37-40
19799418-1	2009	We report a kinetic study of the reaction between superoxide and an important intracellular form of vitamin B(12), cob(II)alamin.	Superoxides	50-60	metabolism of cobalamin associated B	Homo sapiens	115-118
19799418-3	2009	We found that cob(II)alamin reacts with superoxide at rates approaching those of superoxide dismutase itself, suggesting a probable mechanism by which vitamin B(12) protects against chronic inflammation and modulates redox homeostasis.	Superoxides	40-50	metabolism of cobalamin associated B	Homo sapiens	14-17
19481066-0	2009	Bz-423 superoxide signals B cell apoptosis via Mcl-1, Bak, and Bax.	Superoxides	7-17	BCL2-antagonist/killer 1	Mus musculus	54-57
19481066-6	2009	Treatment with Bz-423 results in superoxide-dependent Mcl-1 degradation, implicating this protein as the link between Bz-423-induced superoxide and Bax and Bak activation.	Superoxides	33-43	BCL2-antagonist/killer 1	Mus musculus	156-159
19660541-8	2009	The expression of NR1 significantly (p&lt;0.001) increased 72 h after 30 min exposure to superoxide (+33.8+/-7.5%), peroxynitrite (+84.9+/-10.7%), or hydrogen peroxide (+92.8+/-7.6%), resulting in increased cellular response to NMDA-R stimulation and diminished monolayer impedance.	Superoxides	89-99	glutamate receptor, ionotropic, NMDA1 (zeta 1)	Mus musculus	18-21
19470831-8	2009	Additional experiments demonstrated that treatment of AMPK-DN cardiomyocytes with gAPN reduced SI/R-induced NADPH oxidase overexpression, decreased superoxide generation, and blocked peroxynitrite formation to the same extent as that observed in WT cardiomyocytes.	Superoxides	148-158	sucrase isomaltase, regulatory	Mus musculus	95-99
19470831-9	2009	Collectively, our present study demonstrated that although the metabolic and eNOS activation effect of APN is largely mediated by AMPK, the superoxide-suppressing effect of APN is not mediated by AMPK, and this AMPK-independent antioxidant property of APN increased nitric oxide bioavailability and exerted significant antiapoptotic effect.	Superoxides	140-150	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Mus musculus	173-176
19470831-9	2009	Collectively, our present study demonstrated that although the metabolic and eNOS activation effect of APN is largely mediated by AMPK, the superoxide-suppressing effect of APN is not mediated by AMPK, and this AMPK-independent antioxidant property of APN increased nitric oxide bioavailability and exerted significant antiapoptotic effect.	Superoxides	140-150	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Mus musculus	173-176
19506101-8	2009	Elevated vascular superoxide and hydrogen peroxide levels, as well as expression of NADPH oxidase subunits in response to angiotensin II infusion, were significantly attenuated in Tg(hTrx2) mice.	Superoxides	18-28	thioredoxin 2	Homo sapiens	183-188
19506101-9	2009	Mitochondrial superoxide anion levels were augmented after angiotensin II infusion in wild-type mice, and this was blunted in Tg(hTrx2) mice.	Superoxides	14-30	thioredoxin 2	Homo sapiens	129-134
19414794-4	2009	We observed impaired O(2)( ) generation by LPS-treated and fMLP-activated IRAK4-deficient PMN that correlated with decreased phosphorylation of p47(phox) and subnormal translocation of p47(phox), p67(phox), Rac2, and gp91(phox)/Nox2 to the membranes indicating that TLR4 signaling to the NOX activation pathway requires IRAK4.	Superoxides	21-25	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	144-147
19414794-4	2009	We observed impaired O(2)( ) generation by LPS-treated and fMLP-activated IRAK4-deficient PMN that correlated with decreased phosphorylation of p47(phox) and subnormal translocation of p47(phox), p67(phox), Rac2, and gp91(phox)/Nox2 to the membranes indicating that TLR4 signaling to the NOX activation pathway requires IRAK4.	Superoxides	21-25	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	185-188
19414794-4	2009	We observed impaired O(2)( ) generation by LPS-treated and fMLP-activated IRAK4-deficient PMN that correlated with decreased phosphorylation of p47(phox) and subnormal translocation of p47(phox), p67(phox), Rac2, and gp91(phox)/Nox2 to the membranes indicating that TLR4 signaling to the NOX activation pathway requires IRAK4.	Superoxides	21-25	toll like receptor 4	Homo sapiens	266-270
19414794-5	2009	NEMO-deficient PMN generated significantly less O(2)( ) in response to LPS-primed fMLP and translocated less p67(phox) than normal PMN, although p47(phox) and Rac2 translocation were normal.	Superoxides	48-52	inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase regulatory subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	0-4
19384082-6	2009	Delivery of human HO-1 to hyperglycemic rats significantly lowers superoxide levels and prevents EC damage and sloughing of vascular EC into the circulation.	Superoxides	66-76	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	18-22
19282028-8	2009	In this report, we add MMK-1 to a large number of FPR2 ligands that activate the neutrophil superoxide-generating NADPH-oxidase.	Superoxides	92-102	formyl peptide receptor 2	Homo sapiens	50-54
19183290-7	2009	High sensitivity of O2(*-)-producing activity to peroxidase inhibitors and production of O2(*-) by purified peroxidases in vitro provided evidence for the involvement of ECPOXs in O2(*-) production in the apoplast.	Superoxides	20-22	peroxidase-like	Triticum aestivum	49-59
19286591-1	2009	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Endothelial nitric oxide synthase produces superoxide under physiological conditions leading to hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) -dependent dilations to acetylcholine in isolated mouse cerebral arteries.	Superoxides	67-77	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	24-57
18621373-8	2009	Pretreatment with extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitors, but not p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) significantly decreased CRP-induced superoxide anion release from macrophages in vivo.	Superoxides	197-213	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Rattus norvegicus	66-87
18621373-8	2009	Pretreatment with extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitors, but not p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) significantly decreased CRP-induced superoxide anion release from macrophages in vivo.	Superoxides	197-213	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Rattus norvegicus	89-92
19229847-0	2009	Rapid determination of superoxide free radical in hepatocellular carcinoma cells by MCE with LIF.	Superoxides	23-33	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	93-96
18978194-0	2009	High glucose-induced Nox1-derived superoxides downregulate PKC-betaII, which subsequently decreases ACE2 expression and ANG(1-7) formation in rat VSMCs.	Superoxides	34-45	phospholipase C, beta 2	Rattus norvegicus	59-69
18978194-11	2009	Nox1-derived superoxides reduce PKC-betaII expression, which lowers ACE2 mRNA and protein levels and consequently decreases ANG(1-7) formation.	Superoxides	13-24	phospholipase C, beta 2	Rattus norvegicus	32-42
19372642-6	2009	PDF exposure resulted in intracellular accumulation of superoxide in a time-dependent manner, with collapse of Deltapsim as well.	Superoxides	55-65	peptide deformylase, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	0-3
19372642-9	2009	NAC treatment preserved the content of intracellular reduced glutathione, and also attenuated the PDF-induced superoxide accumulation and Deltapsim collapse.	Superoxides	110-120	peptide deformylase, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	98-101
19032594-9	2008	Overall, these results show that as well as having a number of effects on cellular events upstream of mitochondrial dysfunction alpha-synuclein affects pathways downstream of superoxide production, possibly involving regulation of NOS activity.	Superoxides	175-185	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	128-143
18502673-7	2008	We found that P-Rex1 is a major Rac1 regulator in mouse macrophages as its deficiency significantly compromises macrophage chemotaxis, superoxide production (SOD), and Rac1 activation in response to chemoattractants.	Superoxides	135-145	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent Rac exchange factor 1	Mus musculus	14-20
18772329-9	2008	The reduction of O2(-) was linked to both reduced expression of p47 phox of NADPH oxidase and overexpression of extracellular superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	17-19	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	64-67
18787098-4	2008	Acute reduction of SOD3 led to a fivefold increase in lung superoxide, marked inflammatory cell infiltration, a threefold increase in the arterial-alveolar gradient, respiratory acidosis, histological changes similar to those observed in adult respiratory distress syndrome, and 85% mortality.	Superoxides	59-69	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	19-23
18787098-5	2008	Treatment with the SOD mimetic MnTBAP and intranasal administration of SOD-containing polyketal microparticles reduced mortality, prevented the histological alterations, and reduced lung superoxide levels.	Superoxides	187-197	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	19-22
18806116-6	2008	Special functions include the use of proline by POX/PRODH to generate superoxide radicals that initiate apoptosis by intrinsic and extrinsic pathways.	Superoxides	70-80	proline dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	48-51
15170212-4	2004	Thus, we have defined specific sequences in Rac that specify subcellular localization and determine the specificity of Rac2 in neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide generation.	Superoxides	153-163	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	44-47
22922699-11	2012	Of interest, expression of cellular iron transport proteins, transferrin receptor 1, and divalent metal transporter 1 was increased in the CKD renal tubules, along with increased iron accumulation, superoxide production, and urinary iron excretion.	Superoxides	198-208	RoBo-1	Rattus norvegicus	89-117
18806116-6	2008	Special functions include the use of proline by POX/PRODH to generate superoxide radicals that initiate apoptosis by intrinsic and extrinsic pathways.	Superoxides	70-80	proline dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	52-57
18824773-5	2008	METHODS AND RESULTS: Endothelium-targeted overexpression of GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH), the rate limiting enzyme in BH4 synthesis, increased levels of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), reduced endothelial superoxide, improved eNOS coupling, and reduced vein graft atherosclerosis in transgenic GCH/ApoE-KO mice compared to ApoE-KO controls.	Superoxides	198-208	GTP cyclohydrolase 1	Mus musculus	60-80
23387274-3	2012	It is shown that the increased NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase activity is accompanied with the intensification of superoxide anion-radical generation in liver microsomal fraction of preliminary radiation-exposed rats.	Superoxides	116-140	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	31-63
15102859-0	2004	Binding of FAD to cytochrome b558 is facilitated during activation of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase, leading to superoxide production.	Superoxides	110-120	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	18-30
18824773-5	2008	METHODS AND RESULTS: Endothelium-targeted overexpression of GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH), the rate limiting enzyme in BH4 synthesis, increased levels of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), reduced endothelial superoxide, improved eNOS coupling, and reduced vein graft atherosclerosis in transgenic GCH/ApoE-KO mice compared to ApoE-KO controls.	Superoxides	198-208	GTP cyclohydrolase 1	Mus musculus	82-85
15107478-9	2004	Superoxide dismutase mimetic, a potent scavenger of superoxide anions, prevented IH-induced c-fos, AP-1 and TH activations.	Superoxides	52-69	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	92-97
15107478-12	2004	Pharmacological inhibitors of complex I mimicked the effects of IH during normoxia and occluded the effects of IH on c-fos activation, suggesting the involvement of the mitochondrial electron transport chain in the generation of superoxide anions during IH.	Superoxides	229-246	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	117-122
18809715-6	2008	Hyperglycemia-induced epigenetic changes and increased p65 expression are prevented by reducing mitochondrial superoxide production or superoxide-induced alpha-oxoaldehydes.	Superoxides	110-120	v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (avian)	Mus musculus	55-58
22965909-3	2012	Here, we report that Crb restricts Rac1-NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production in epithelia and photoreceptor cells.	Superoxides	64-74	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	35-39
15157622-5	2004	Titration of the CCB-mAb 44.1:Cyt b complex with the anionic amphiphile lithium dodecyl sulfate (LDS) resulted in a saturable relaxation of fluorescence quenching due to conformational changes in Cyt b at concentrations of the amphiphile required for maximum rates of superoxide production by Cyt b in cell-free assays.	Superoxides	268-278	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	30-35
18809715-6	2008	Hyperglycemia-induced epigenetic changes and increased p65 expression are prevented by reducing mitochondrial superoxide production or superoxide-induced alpha-oxoaldehydes.	Superoxides	135-145	v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (avian)	Mus musculus	55-58
15157622-5	2004	Titration of the CCB-mAb 44.1:Cyt b complex with the anionic amphiphile lithium dodecyl sulfate (LDS) resulted in a saturable relaxation of fluorescence quenching due to conformational changes in Cyt b at concentrations of the amphiphile required for maximum rates of superoxide production by Cyt b in cell-free assays.	Superoxides	268-278	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	196-201
15157622-5	2004	Titration of the CCB-mAb 44.1:Cyt b complex with the anionic amphiphile lithium dodecyl sulfate (LDS) resulted in a saturable relaxation of fluorescence quenching due to conformational changes in Cyt b at concentrations of the amphiphile required for maximum rates of superoxide production by Cyt b in cell-free assays.	Superoxides	268-278	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	196-201
15024088-7	2004	With HBP1 expression and the subsequent reduction in p47phox gene expression, intracellular superoxide production was correspondingly reduced.	Superoxides	92-102	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	53-60
15024088-9	2004	Together, these results indicate that HBP1 may contribute to the regulation of NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production through transcriptional repression of the p47phox gene.	Superoxides	103-113	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	167-174
14766203-0	2004	Adiponectin suppresses proliferation and superoxide generation and enhances eNOS activity in endothelial cells treated with oxidized LDL.	Superoxides	41-51	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Bos taurus	0-11
14576080-13	2004	These data suggest that ROS such as superoxide and H(2)O(2) derived from Rac1-activated NADPH oxidase mediate TNF-alpha-induced MCP-1 expression in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	36-46	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2	Mus musculus	128-133
14765128-1	2004	The superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase consists of a membrane-bound flavocytochrome b558 complex, and cytosolic factors p47phox, p67phox and the small GTPase Rac, which translocate to the membrane to assemble the active complex following cell activation.	Superoxides	4-14	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	130-137
14758023-6	2004	In contrast, GMC cytosol enables cytochrome b(558) to generate plenty of O(2)(-), on condition that rp47(phox) is added.	Superoxides	73-77	cytochrome b	Cavia porcellus	33-45
15040433-4	2004	A combination of clinical and knockout-transgenic SCD mouse studies show increased rates of xanthine oxidase-dependent superoxide (O2*-) production and reveal the presence of an oxidative and nitrative inflammatory milieu in the sickle cell vasculature, kidney and liver.	Superoxides	119-129	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	92-108
15325022-2	2004	The ability of superoxide to quench NO is well known, but oxidants derived from superoxide also appear to inhibit dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) and to oxidize tetrahydrobiopterin (THBP).	Superoxides	80-90	dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 2	Mus musculus	155-159
15140587-7	2004	Superoxide is known to alter the bioavailability of NO, and its contribution to the GPIIb/IIIa dependent increase in NO release was determined.	Superoxides	0-10	integrin subunit alpha 2b	Homo sapiens	84-89
15140587-8	2004	In the presence of GPIIb/IIIa inhibitors, platelet superoxide release was significantly decreased.	Superoxides	51-61	integrin subunit alpha 2b	Homo sapiens	19-24
15140587-9	2004	Preincubation with GPIIb/IIIa inhibitors also modified aggregation induced membrane translocation of the platelet proteins, endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and NADPH oxidase (p67phox and p47phox), known to contribute to the generation of NO and superoxide, respectively.	Superoxides	244-254	integrin subunit alpha 2b	Homo sapiens	19-24
14962293-5	2004	Stable transfectants expressing human Gpx-1 or CuZn SOD were isolated and tested for their resistance to hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and menadione, which generates superoxide intracellularly.	Superoxides	165-175	glutathione peroxidase 1	Homo sapiens	38-43
14744014-2	2003	The oxidase, dormant in resting cells, becomes activated to produce superoxide, a precursor of microbicidal oxidants, by interacting with the adaptor proteins p47phox and p67phox as well as the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	68-78	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	159-166
14744014-3	2003	In the past few years, several proteins homologous to gp91phox were discovered as superoxide-producing NAD(P)H oxidases (Nox"s) in non-phagocytic cells; however, regulatory mechanisms for the novel oxidases have been largely unknown.	Superoxides	82-92	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	54-62
14744014-3	2003	In the past few years, several proteins homologous to gp91phox were discovered as superoxide-producing NAD(P)H oxidases (Nox"s) in non-phagocytic cells; however, regulatory mechanisms for the novel oxidases have been largely unknown.	Superoxides	82-92	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	103-110
14674759-1	2003	It has previously been reported that exposure of purified mitochondrial or cytoplasmic aconitase to superoxide (O(2)(-)(*) or hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) leads to release of the Fe-alpha from the enzyme"s [4Fe-4S](2+) cluster and to inactivation.	Superoxides	100-110	FEA	Homo sapiens	179-187
14674759-1	2003	It has previously been reported that exposure of purified mitochondrial or cytoplasmic aconitase to superoxide (O(2)(-)(*) or hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) leads to release of the Fe-alpha from the enzyme"s [4Fe-4S](2+) cluster and to inactivation.	Superoxides	112-116	FEA	Homo sapiens	179-187
14584904-6	2003	Superoxide formation and nitrite production were enhanced in stimulated macrophages lacking TRACP as was the secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, and IL-12.	Superoxides	0-10	acid phosphatase 5, tartrate resistant	Mus musculus	92-97
14523042-1	2003	In this report, we show that hyperglycemia-induced overproduction of superoxide by the mitochondrial electron transport chain activates the three major pathways of hyperglycemic damage found in aortic endothelial cells by inhibiting GAPDH activity.	Superoxides	69-79	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	233-238
14523042-3	2003	Hyperglycemia-induced GAPDH inhibition was found to be a consequence of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of GAPDH by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), which was activated by DNA strand breaks produced by mitochondrial superoxide overproduction.	Superoxides	210-220	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	22-27
14523042-3	2003	Hyperglycemia-induced GAPDH inhibition was found to be a consequence of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of GAPDH by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), which was activated by DNA strand breaks produced by mitochondrial superoxide overproduction.	Superoxides	210-220	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	98-103
14523042-3	2003	Hyperglycemia-induced GAPDH inhibition was found to be a consequence of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of GAPDH by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), which was activated by DNA strand breaks produced by mitochondrial superoxide overproduction.	Superoxides	210-220	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 1	Mus musculus	107-134
14523042-3	2003	Hyperglycemia-induced GAPDH inhibition was found to be a consequence of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of GAPDH by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), which was activated by DNA strand breaks produced by mitochondrial superoxide overproduction.	Superoxides	210-220	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 1	Mus musculus	136-140
14523042-4	2003	Both the hyperglycemia-induced decrease in activity of GAPDH and its poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation were prevented by overexpression of either uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) or manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), which decrease hyperglycemia-induced superoxide.	Superoxides	177-187	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	55-60
14500673-8	2003	Inhibition of protein kinase Czeta (PKCzeta) inhibited MBP-stimulated O(2)(-) production.	Superoxides	70-75	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	14-34
14500673-8	2003	Inhibition of protein kinase Czeta (PKCzeta) inhibited MBP-stimulated O(2)(-) production.	Superoxides	70-75	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	36-43
14500673-12	2003	We conclude that MBP stimulates a Src kinase-dependent activation of class I(A) PI3K and, in turn, activation of PKCzeta in neutrophils, which contributes to the activation of NADPH oxidase and the resultant O(2)(-) production in response to MBP stimulation.	Superoxides	208-215	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	113-120
12874194-7	2003	The PKC activator phorbol myristate acetate significantly increased vascular O2*- production, which was inhibited by superoxide dismutase, diphenyleneiodonium, chelerythrine, or removal of extracellular Ca2+.	Superoxides	77-81	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	4-7
12874194-9	2003	CONCLUSIONS: High Pi itself elicits arterial O2.- production, most likely by PKC-dependent activation of NAD(P)H oxidase, thus providing a potential explanation for the presence of oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in various forms of hypertension and the vasculoprotective effect of antihypertensive agents of different mechanisms of action.	Superoxides	45-47	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	77-80
12925450-8	2003	Gene transfer of GTPCH I restored arterial GTPCH I activity and BH4 levels, resulting in reduced O2- and improved endothelium-dependent relaxation and basal NO release in DOCA-salt rats.	Superoxides	97-99	GTP cyclohydrolase 1	Rattus norvegicus	17-24
12925450-9	2003	CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that a BH4 deficiency resulting from ET-1-induced O2- via an ETA/NADPH oxidase pathway leads to endothelial dysfunction, and gene transfer of GTPCH I reverses the BH4 deficiency and endothelial dysfunction by reducing O2- in low renin mineralocorticoid hypertension.	Superoxides	86-88	GTP cyclohydrolase 1	Rattus norvegicus	178-185
12925450-9	2003	CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that a BH4 deficiency resulting from ET-1-induced O2- via an ETA/NADPH oxidase pathway leads to endothelial dysfunction, and gene transfer of GTPCH I reverses the BH4 deficiency and endothelial dysfunction by reducing O2- in low renin mineralocorticoid hypertension.	Superoxides	254-256	GTP cyclohydrolase 1	Rattus norvegicus	178-185
12927784-5	2003	Inhibition of PI3K delta with IC980033 and IC87114 blocked both fMLP- and TNF1 alpha-induced neutrophil superoxide generation and elastase exocytosis.	Superoxides	104-114	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta	Mus musculus	14-24
12680700-0	2003	Interactions of growth inhibitory factor with hydroxyl and superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	59-78	metallothionein 3	Homo sapiens	16-40
12928414-3	2003	This increased TNFR expression correlated with an increase in TNF-induced superoxide production.	Superoxides	74-84	TNF receptor superfamily member 1B	Homo sapiens	15-19
12934716-1	2003	The transcription of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), expression of which is essential for detoxification of superoxide radicals from mitochondria, has been shown to be regulated in vitro by many factors and conditions including oxidative stress, cytokines, lipopolysaccharide, cytoplasmic myc (c-myc), p53 and tumour necrosis factors.	Superoxides	31-41	Myc	Drosophila melanogaster	285-300
12934716-1	2003	The transcription of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), expression of which is essential for detoxification of superoxide radicals from mitochondria, has been shown to be regulated in vitro by many factors and conditions including oxidative stress, cytokines, lipopolysaccharide, cytoplasmic myc (c-myc), p53 and tumour necrosis factors.	Superoxides	31-41	Myc	Drosophila melanogaster	302-307
12714605-4	2003	In the present study, the autoxidation of H4B was reinvestigated with the aim to find direct evidence for superoxide formation.	Superoxides	106-116	H4 clustered histone 4	Homo sapiens	42-45
12714605-8	2003	Our data fully confirm earlier conclusions that the direct reaction between H4B and oxygen serves as an initiation reaction for the further, rapid reaction of the thus formed superoxide with H4B, thereby very likely establishing a chain reaction process involving reduction of molecular oxygen by the intermediary tetrahydrobiopterin radical.	Superoxides	175-185	H4 clustered histone 4	Homo sapiens	76-79
12714605-8	2003	Our data fully confirm earlier conclusions that the direct reaction between H4B and oxygen serves as an initiation reaction for the further, rapid reaction of the thus formed superoxide with H4B, thereby very likely establishing a chain reaction process involving reduction of molecular oxygen by the intermediary tetrahydrobiopterin radical.	Superoxides	175-185	H4 clustered histone 4	Homo sapiens	191-194
12716910-0	2003	Novel human homologues of p47phox and p67phox participate in activation of superoxide-producing NADPH oxidases.	Superoxides	75-85	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	26-33
12716910-1	2003	The catalytic core of a superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase (Nox) in phagocytes is gp91phox/Nox2, a membrane-integrated protein that forms a heterodimer with p22phox to constitute flavocytochrome b558.	Superoxides	24-34	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	82-90
12716910-1	2003	The catalytic core of a superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase (Nox) in phagocytes is gp91phox/Nox2, a membrane-integrated protein that forms a heterodimer with p22phox to constitute flavocytochrome b558.	Superoxides	24-34	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	91-95
12784910-0	2003	The inhibition of superoxide production in EL4 lymphoma cells overexpressing growth hormone.	Superoxides	18-28	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	43-46
12606638-2	2003	Small GTP-binding protein Rac1 is activated by various proinflammatory substances and regulates superoxide generation in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	96-106	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	26-30
12505874-4	2003	This increase in superoxide was associated with impaired cavernosal nerve-mediated and agonist-induced erectile responses, increased nitrotyrosine staining, and lower cGMP levels, but no compensatory change in cavernosal extracellular (EC)-superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) mRNA or protein.	Superoxides	17-27	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	262-268
12505874-9	2003	Gene-transfer of EC-SOD reduces superoxide formation and restores age-associated erectile function and may represent a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of erectile dysfunction.	Superoxides	32-42	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	17-23
12654468-0	2003	Resveratrol, a red wine constituent polyphenol, prevents superoxide-dependent inflammatory responses induced by ischemia/reperfusion, platelet-activating factor, or oxidants.	Superoxides	57-67	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	134-160
12689660-11	2003	CD11b(+)Gr-1(+) cells isolated from the blood or spleen of TCDD-treated mice produced up to fivefold higher levels of superoxide following PMA stimulation when compared with cells from vehicle-treated mice.	Superoxides	118-128	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	0-5
12552364-3	2003	This study measured the acute effects of high glucose or the G6PD inhibitor dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) on the production of O(2)(-) from isolated human neutrophils.	Superoxides	127-134	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	61-65
12552364-12	2003	CONCLUSIONS: High extracellular glucose concentrations acutely reduce O(2)(-) production from activated neutrophils possibly through inhibition of G6PD.	Superoxides	70-74	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	147-151
12618760-4	2003	Our results demonstrate that overexpression of the inducible Ha-ras oncogene by isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG) increases the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS, including O(2*-) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))) and GSH in an Ha-ras-transformed NIH/3T3 fibroblast cell line.	Superoxides	184-190	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	61-67
12577312-8	2003	Taken together, the results obtained indicate that superoxide mediates IL-1-induced I kappa B-alpha degradation and the consequent NF-kappa B activation and iNOS expression in chondrocytes, whereas H(2)O(2) does not seem to participate in those IL-1-induced responses.	Superoxides	51-61	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Bos taurus	84-99
12586694-5	2003	The overexpression of Sods--mitochondrial Sod2 and cytosolic CuZnSod (Sod1)--delays the age-dependent reversible inactivation of mitochondrial aconitase, a superoxide-sensitive enzyme, and extends survival by 30%.	Superoxides	156-166	superoxide dismutase SOD2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	42-46
12536801-0	2002	Spin trapping of superoxide in the presence of beta-cyclodextrins.	Superoxides	17-27	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
12471136-7	2002	HL-60 cells transfected to express myc-tagged rac1 and gp91(phox) from the CMV immediate early promoter maintained the ability to generate O(2)(-) 120 h postinfection.	Superoxides	139-143	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	46-50
12488134-2	2002	Vascular superoxide concentrations are limited by extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD), which is highly expressed in the vasculature of most animal species.	Superoxides	9-19	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	50-84
12488134-2	2002	Vascular superoxide concentrations are limited by extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD), which is highly expressed in the vasculature of most animal species.	Superoxides	9-19	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	86-92
12417265-5	2002	Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy measurements revealed that NAC, DPI, and ascorbic acid inhibited xanthine oxidase-induced superoxide (O(2)(.-)) generation in a cell-free system.	Superoxides	141-151	X-linked Kx blood group	Homo sapiens	78-81
12417265-5	2002	Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy measurements revealed that NAC, DPI, and ascorbic acid inhibited xanthine oxidase-induced superoxide (O(2)(.-)) generation in a cell-free system.	Superoxides	153-157	X-linked Kx blood group	Homo sapiens	78-81
12417549-9	2002	Adventitial application of the O2--generating system xanthine/xanthine oxidase or the potent NO scavenger oxyhemoglobin impaired EDR.	Superoxides	31-33	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	62-78
12426214-8	2002	The expression of NAD(P)H oxidase subunit gp91-phox is critical for endothelial superoxide anion formation.	Superoxides	80-96	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	42-51
12411394-8	2002	Superoxide and MCP-1 production were enhanced by RacV12 (constitutively active) in the absence of ND, and were inhibited by RacN17 (dominant-negative) adenoviral transduction under ND, suggesting that the small G-protein Rac1 is required.	Superoxides	0-10	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	221-225
12489494-11	2002	Plasma ALP levels in smokers were significantly higher than in controls and correlated positively with superoxide release and PMNL counts.	Superoxides	103-113	ATHS	Homo sapiens	7-10
12183447-2	2002	It has been hypothesized that in the absence of or under nonsaturating levels of L-arginine where O(2) reduction is the primary outcome of NOS activation, H(4)B promotes the generation of H(2)O(2) at the expense of O(2)(-.).	Superoxides	98-102	H4 clustered histone 4	Homo sapiens	155-160
12183447-2	2002	It has been hypothesized that in the absence of or under nonsaturating levels of L-arginine where O(2) reduction is the primary outcome of NOS activation, H(4)B promotes the generation of H(2)O(2) at the expense of O(2)(-.).	Superoxides	192-196	H4 clustered histone 4	Homo sapiens	155-160
12183447-5	2002	Initial rates of NADPH turnover and O(2) utilization were found to be considerably greater in the H(4)B-bound NOS I preparation than in the H(4)B-free NOS I preparation.	Superoxides	36-40	H4 clustered histone 4	Homo sapiens	98-103
12356790-8	2002	Taken together, these findings suggest that grepafloxacin evokes a priming effect on neutrophil superoxide generation intracellularly through the translocation of p47-phox and even p67-phox protein to the membrane fractions.	Superoxides	96-106	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	163-171
12482119-2	2002	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a potent scavenger of superoxide radicals and likely serves an important cytoprotective role in preventing cellular damage after SCI.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	32-37
12186546-1	2002	Besides NO, neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) also produces superoxide (O(2)(-.)	Superoxides	54-64	nitric oxide synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	34-38
12186546-1	2002	Besides NO, neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) also produces superoxide (O(2)(-.)	Superoxides	66-70	nitric oxide synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	34-38
12186546-10	2002	Purified rat nNOS generated strong O(2)(-.)	Superoxides	35-39	nitric oxide synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	13-17
12065324-14	2002	NADPH-induced superoxide generation was reduced by gp91ds-tat and apocynin, inhibitors of p47phox-gp91phox interactions.	Superoxides	14-24	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	90-97
12065324-14	2002	NADPH-induced superoxide generation was reduced by gp91ds-tat and apocynin, inhibitors of p47phox-gp91phox interactions.	Superoxides	14-24	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	98-106
12107766-1	2002	The manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) converts superoxide anions to hydrogen peroxide plus oxygen, providing the first line of defense against oxidative stress in mitochondria.	Superoxides	53-70	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	4-34
12107766-1	2002	The manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) converts superoxide anions to hydrogen peroxide plus oxygen, providing the first line of defense against oxidative stress in mitochondria.	Superoxides	53-70	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	36-42
12225397-9	2002	We speculate that the remarkable induction of gp91phox and p47phox protein is associated with an increase in superoxide-generating activity due to the synergistic effect of ATRA plus GM-CSF.	Superoxides	109-119	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	46-54
12137755-8	2002	Addition of Stx 2 or Stx 1 to human mature granulocytes in vitro decreased their superoxide-producing activity when stimulated with agonists.	Superoxides	81-91	syntaxin 2	Homo sapiens	12-17
11896053-0	2002	Rac activation induces NADPH oxidase activity in transgenic COSphox cells, and the level of superoxide production is exchange factor-dependent.	Superoxides	92-102	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
11896053-6	2002	The constitutively active form of the hematopoietic-specific GEF, Vav1, was the most effective at activating superoxide production, despite detection of higher levels of Rac1-GTP upon expression of constitutively active Vav2 or Tiam1 derivatives.	Superoxides	109-119	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	61-64
12108546-0	2002	Spin adducts of superoxide, alkoxyl, and lipid-derived radicals with EMPO and its derivatives.	Superoxides	16-26	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
12108546-1	2002	The compound 5-(ethoxycarbonyl)-5-methyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (EMPO) is a hydrophilic cyclic nitrone spin trap, which, in contrast to DMPO, forms a relatively stable superoxide adduct (t(1/2)=8.6 min) with an EPR spectrum similar to the respective DMPO adduct.	Superoxides	165-175	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	100-104
12062184-3	2002	We also examined its effect on the potency of GcMAF to activate mouse peritoneal macrophage to produce superoxide in GcMAF-mediated macrophage activation cascade.	Superoxides	103-113	GC vitamin D binding protein	Homo sapiens	46-51
12062184-3	2002	We also examined its effect on the potency of GcMAF to activate mouse peritoneal macrophage to produce superoxide in GcMAF-mediated macrophage activation cascade.	Superoxides	103-113	GC vitamin D binding protein	Homo sapiens	117-122
12062184-6	2002	GcMAF enhance superoxide production in mouse macrophage, and pre-treatment of GcMAF with tumor cell lysate reduce the activity.	Superoxides	14-24	GC vitamin D binding protein	Homo sapiens	0-5
12062184-6	2002	GcMAF enhance superoxide production in mouse macrophage, and pre-treatment of GcMAF with tumor cell lysate reduce the activity.	Superoxides	14-24	GC vitamin D binding protein	Homo sapiens	78-83
12082502-3	2002	In particular, beside its function in the Krebs cycle and the respiratory chain, the specific redox properties of the enzyme could confer to the SDH a specific function in superoxide handling.	Superoxides	172-182	succinate dehydrogenase complex iron sulfur subunit B	Homo sapiens	145-148
11796720-11	2002	or hydroperoxides and intracellular generation of superoxide anion radicals inhibited VDR/RXR-dependent reporter gene activity in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	50-75	vitamin D receptor	Homo sapiens	86-89
11796720-11	2002	or hydroperoxides and intracellular generation of superoxide anion radicals inhibited VDR/RXR-dependent reporter gene activity in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	50-75	retinoid X receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	90-93
12069100-2	2002	Taken as an index for superoxide overproduction, a significant induction of superoxide dismutase activity was observed in complex V-deficient fibroblasts harboring the NARP-mutation in the ATPase 6 gene.	Superoxides	22-32	neuronal pentraxin 2	Homo sapiens	168-172
11992625-0	2002	Inhibition of superoxide anion generation by YC-1 in rat neutrophils through cyclic GMP-dependent and -independent mechanisms.	Superoxides	14-30	glutathione S-transferase alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	45-49
11834524-9	2002	VCAM-1 expression was significantly lower in MnSOD- and eNOS-transduced hypertensive arteries, with a concomitant reduction of superoxide level.	Superoxides	127-137	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	45-50
11834524-9	2002	VCAM-1 expression was significantly lower in MnSOD- and eNOS-transduced hypertensive arteries, with a concomitant reduction of superoxide level.	Superoxides	127-137	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	56-60
11834524-10	2002	These results suggest that gene transfer of MnSOD or eNOS suppresses arterial VCAM-1 expression in DOCA-salt hypertension by reducing the superoxide level.	Superoxides	138-148	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	44-49
11834524-10	2002	These results suggest that gene transfer of MnSOD or eNOS suppresses arterial VCAM-1 expression in DOCA-salt hypertension by reducing the superoxide level.	Superoxides	138-148	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	53-57
11751190-1	2001	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a ubiquitous metalloenzyme in aerobic organisms that catalyzes the conversion of superoxide anion to hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	111-127	superoxide dismutase	Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv	22-25
11585836-1	2001	Rac1 has been shown to activate a NADPH oxidase complex producing superoxide anions in a variety of mammalian cell types.	Superoxides	66-83	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
11705402-1	2001	Activation of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase, a superoxide-generating enzyme, involves assembly of cytosolic p47(phox), p67(phox), and rac with the membrane-associated cytochrome b(558).	Superoxides	45-55	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	165-177
11591612-8	2001	Differences of gp91phox expression in leukocytes and HUVECs correlate with differences in superoxide release.	Superoxides	90-100	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	15-23
11606320-13	2001	This study demonstrates that LTB(4)-induced superoxide generation from adherent and non-adherent eosinophils is mediated via both common (p38 MAP kinase, MEK-1, PKC and the src kinases) and divergent intracellular pathways (syk kinases and PtdIns 3-kinase).	Superoxides	44-54	prostaglandin reductase 1	Cavia porcellus	29-35
11566256-2	2001	The product of this gene is the large subunit of flavocytochrome b558, gp91phox, which forms the catalytic core of the antimicrobial superoxide-generating enzyme, NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	133-143	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	71-79
11352506-5	2001	Results showed that Rac-1 activation is mediated via a pertussis toxin (PTX)-sensitive heteromeric G-protein pathway, and that Rac-1 membrane sequestration was preceded by [Ca2+]i mobilization following entry of Ca2+ e. Therefore, we propose that O2- production is dependent on activation of PTX-sensitive G-proteins and sequestration of Rac-1 in the plasma membrane, following entry of Ca2+ e.	Superoxides	247-249	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	20-25
22849356-7	2012	The effects of microinjection bilaterally into CA3 area of a PPARgamma agonist, rosiglitazone or a PPARgamma antagonist, GW9662 on UCP2 expression, induced superoxide anion (O( 2)(-)) production, oxidized protein level, mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme activities, translocation of Bcl-2, Bax and cytochrome c, and DNA fragmentation in bilateral CA3 subfields were examined.	Superoxides	156-172	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	61-70
22849356-7	2012	The effects of microinjection bilaterally into CA3 area of a PPARgamma agonist, rosiglitazone or a PPARgamma antagonist, GW9662 on UCP2 expression, induced superoxide anion (O( 2)(-)) production, oxidized protein level, mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme activities, translocation of Bcl-2, Bax and cytochrome c, and DNA fragmentation in bilateral CA3 subfields were examined.	Superoxides	156-172	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	99-108
22580300-9	2012	UCP4 expression induced by c-Rel overexpression significantly decreased superoxide levels and preserved GSH levels and MMP under similar stress.	Superoxides	72-82	REL proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	27-32
22240895-8	2012	Within this context, ABC-me deletion causes an increase in mitochondrial superoxide production and protein carbonylation in erythroid precursors.	Superoxides	73-83	ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B (MDR/TAP), member 10	Mus musculus	21-27
22587396-3	2012	In experiments with purified wild-type Trx1 and its double mutant (32S/35S Trx1), we found that incubation of Trx1 with 1,2-NQ resulted in a redox cycling reaction, generating superoxide and hydrogen peroxide involving Cys32 and Cys35 and an arylation reaction resulting in covalent modification of Lys85 together with a loss of Trx activity.	Superoxides	176-186	thioredoxin 1	Mus musculus	39-43
22587396-3	2012	In experiments with purified wild-type Trx1 and its double mutant (32S/35S Trx1), we found that incubation of Trx1 with 1,2-NQ resulted in a redox cycling reaction, generating superoxide and hydrogen peroxide involving Cys32 and Cys35 and an arylation reaction resulting in covalent modification of Lys85 together with a loss of Trx activity.	Superoxides	176-186	thioredoxin 1	Mus musculus	39-42
22200675-3	2012	The amplitude and time course of the increase of superoxide anion observed early during apoptosis correlated with the increase of the content of soluble cytochrome b(5), a substrate of the NADH-dependent oxidase activity of the cytochrome b(5) reductase associated with lipid rafts in CGN.	Superoxides	49-65	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	153-165
22200675-3	2012	The amplitude and time course of the increase of superoxide anion observed early during apoptosis correlated with the increase of the content of soluble cytochrome b(5), a substrate of the NADH-dependent oxidase activity of the cytochrome b(5) reductase associated with lipid rafts in CGN.	Superoxides	49-65	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	228-240
22200675-6	2012	In conclusion, our results indicate that overstimulation of cytochrome b(5) reductase associated with lipid rafts can account for the overshot of plasma membrane-focalized superoxide anion production that triggers the entry of CGN in the irreversible phase of apoptosis.	Superoxides	172-188	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	60-72
22586098-6	2012	Here we show that one of the nine ORFs (YGL160W, AIM14) encodes a genuine NADPH oxidase, which is located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and produces superoxide in a NADPH-dependent fashion.	Superoxides	153-163	putative metalloreductase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	49-54
22098189-12	2012	CONCLUSION: We provide evidence that dopaminergic neurons are equipped with the Nox1/Rac1 superoxide-generating system.	Superoxides	90-100	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	85-89
22345574-5	2012	Surprisingly, at a pH of ~7, N-PCN was more reactive than PCN with respect to NADH oxidation but resulted in a similar magnitude of superoxide production as detected by electron paramagnetic resonance and spin trapping experiments.	Superoxides	132-142	cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily a, polypeptide 11	Mus musculus	31-34
22345574-6	2012	When incubated with Escherichia coli or lung A549 cells, PCN and N-PCN both led to superoxide formation, but lesser amounts were detected with N-PCN.	Superoxides	83-93	cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily a, polypeptide 11	Mus musculus	57-60
22345574-6	2012	When incubated with Escherichia coli or lung A549 cells, PCN and N-PCN both led to superoxide formation, but lesser amounts were detected with N-PCN.	Superoxides	83-93	cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily a, polypeptide 11	Mus musculus	67-70
22402099-2	2012	A chemiluminescence (CL) method using a luminol analog, L-012, showed that both PM and PG scavenge superoxide produced by hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase system in a concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	99-109	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	135-151
22406435-9	2012	The effect of Nox1 is independent of the changes in VCAM-1 and iNOS expression, but depends on the inactivation of nitric oxide via generation of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	146-162	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	14-18
22056415-3	2012	First, Hv1 channels maintain a physiological membrane potential during the respiratory burst of neutrophils by providing a compensating charge for the electrons transferred by NOX2 from NADPH to superoxide.	Superoxides	195-205	hepatitis virus (MHV-2) susceptibility	Mus musculus	7-10
22362050-13	2012	The increased iNOS expression was correlated with increased expression of superoxide scavenger MnSOD.	Superoxides	74-84	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	95-100
22240151-8	2012	Administration of AAV-SOD2 significantly reduced the levels of superoxide ion, MDA, 8-OHdG, and nitrotyrosine and prevented the damage to RGCs and IPL.	Superoxides	63-73	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	22-26
22437533-5	2012	Using nitroblue tetrazolium and hydrogen peroxide assays, we showed that sugar ligand-bound conglutinin stimulated the production of superoxide and H2O2 in granulocytes whereas the non-sugar-bound form of conglutinin inhibited these processes.	Superoxides	133-143	conglutinin	Bos taurus	92-103
21315745-1	2012	Oxidative stress, in response to the activation of the superoxide-producing enzyme Nox2, has been implicated in the schizophrenia-like behavioral dysfunction that develops in animals that were subject to either neonatal NMDA receptor-antagonist treatment or social isolation.	Superoxides	55-65	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	83-87
22365606-3	2012	Phox-I1 binds to p67(phox) with a submicromolar affinity and abrogates Rac1 binding and is effective in inhibiting NOX2-mediated superoxide production dose-dependently in human and murine neutrophils without detectable toxicity.	Superoxides	129-139	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	115-119
22340895-0	2012	Naloxone inhibits immune cell function by suppressing superoxide production through a direct interaction with gp91phox subunit of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	54-64	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	110-118
22340895-11	2012	CONCLUSIONS: Strong evidence is provided indicating that NOX2 is a non-opioid novel binding site for naloxone, which is critical in mediating its inhibitory effect on microglia overactivation and superoxide production.	Superoxides	196-206	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	57-61
22157766-8	2012	In conclusion, cyt b(558) depends on clathrin for internalization, and in activated macrophages NADPH oxidase occupies a Rab27A/B-regulated secretory compartment, which allows rapid agonist-induced redistribution of superoxide production in the cell.	Superoxides	216-226	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	121-129
22196056-3	2012	Our recent studies revealed that the dioxygenase reaction catalyzed by hIDO and TDO is initiated by addition of the ferric iron-bound superoxide to the C(2) C(3) bond of Trp to form a ferryl and Trp-epoxide intermediate, via a 2-indolenylperoxo radical transition state.	Superoxides	134-144	tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase	Homo sapiens	80-83
22072507-4	2012	Adenoviral MnSOD (Ad.MnSOD) gene transfection (50 multiplicity of infection) into the nodose neurons normalized the MnSOD expression and reduced the elevation of mitochondrial superoxide in the nodose neurons from CHF rats.	Superoxides	176-186	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	11-16
22072507-4	2012	Adenoviral MnSOD (Ad.MnSOD) gene transfection (50 multiplicity of infection) into the nodose neurons normalized the MnSOD expression and reduced the elevation of mitochondrial superoxide in the nodose neurons from CHF rats.	Superoxides	176-186	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	21-26
22072507-4	2012	Adenoviral MnSOD (Ad.MnSOD) gene transfection (50 multiplicity of infection) into the nodose neurons normalized the MnSOD expression and reduced the elevation of mitochondrial superoxide in the nodose neurons from CHF rats.	Superoxides	176-186	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	21-26
23149576-0	2012	Class-IA phosphoinositide 3-kinase p110beta Triggers GPCR-induced superoxide production in p110gamma-deficient murine neutrophils.	Superoxides	66-76	G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1	Mus musculus	53-57
23149576-4	2012	These results suggested that the class-IA isoforms (p110alpha, p110beta, and p110delta) of PI3K are sufficient to trigger and maintain superoxide production.	Superoxides	135-145	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta	Mus musculus	77-86
22433789-2	2012	We hypothesized that, as compared to the adjacent medial SMCs, neointimal SMCs produce increased superoxide via NADPH oxidase, which induces redox-sensitive intracellular signaling to activate matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9).	Superoxides	97-107	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Rattus norvegicus	193-219
22433789-2	2012	We hypothesized that, as compared to the adjacent medial SMCs, neointimal SMCs produce increased superoxide via NADPH oxidase, which induces redox-sensitive intracellular signaling to activate matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9).	Superoxides	97-107	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Rattus norvegicus	221-226
22144277-1	2012	Rac, a member of the Rho family small GTPases, plays a crucial role in activation of Nox family NADPH oxidases in animals, enzymes dedicated to production of reactive oxygen species such as superoxide.	Superoxides	190-200	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
22144277-3	2012	Rac in the GTP-bound form directly binds to the oxidase activator p67(                   phox                 ), which in turn interacts with Nox2, leading to superoxide production.	Superoxides	159-169	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
22144277-3	2012	Rac in the GTP-bound form directly binds to the oxidase activator p67(                   phox                 ), which in turn interacts with Nox2, leading to superoxide production.	Superoxides	159-169	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	142-146
22144277-5	2012	On the other hand, in the presence of either p67(                   phox                 ) or Noxa1, Rac facilitates superoxide production by Nox3, which is responsible in the inner ear for formation of otoconia, tiny mineralized structures that are required for sensing balance and gravity.	Superoxides	117-127	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	101-104
21884795-13	2012	Present results indicate that long-term MGO treatment has an inhibitory effect on contractility of isolated blood vessel, which is likely mediated via increased NOX1-derived superoxide production and subsequent apoptosis.	Superoxides	174-184	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	161-165
21969089-4	2012	In addition, mkkk20 mutants showed higher accumulation of superoxide, a reactive oxygen species (ROS), compared to WT plants under high salt condition.	Superoxides	58-68	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 20	Arabidopsis thaliana	13-19
21873335-9	2011	Expression of NDX-1 significantly reduced spontaneous A:T to C:G transversions and mitigated the sensitivity to a superoxide-generating agent, methyl viologen, in an E. coli mutT mutant.	Superoxides	114-124	Putative nudix hydrolase 1	Caenorhabditis elegans	14-19
22063193-7	2011	In contrast, pyrogallol (a superoxide generator) augmented high pacing frequency-induced ANP secretion.	Superoxides	27-37	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	89-92
21787360-4	2011	Treatment of HuH-7/GFP (green fluorescent protein)-LC3 cells with GGA induced green fluorescent puncta in the cytoplasm within 30 min and their massive accumulation at 24 h. After 15 min of GGA treatment, a burst of mitochondrial superoxide production occurred and LC3beta-I was appreciably converted into LC3beta-II.	Superoxides	230-240	MIR7-3 host gene	Homo sapiens	13-22
21712088-5	2011	Furthermore, the enhanced phosphorylation of EGFR in VSMC from SHR was also restored to control levels by captopril, losartan, PP2, a c-Src inhibitor and N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) scavenger, whereas enhanced ERK1/2 phosphorylation was attenuated by captopril and losartan.	Superoxides	181-197	epidermal growth factor receptor	Rattus norvegicus	45-49
21712088-5	2011	Furthermore, the enhanced phosphorylation of EGFR in VSMC from SHR was also restored to control levels by captopril, losartan, PP2, a c-Src inhibitor and N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) scavenger, whereas enhanced ERK1/2 phosphorylation was attenuated by captopril and losartan.	Superoxides	199-203	epidermal growth factor receptor	Rattus norvegicus	45-49
21690482-13	2011	In low-flow remodeling, heme oxygenase 1 induction requires macrophage infiltration and is mediated by NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide.	Superoxides	125-135	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	24-40
21730301-2	2011	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3) is essential for removing extracellular superoxide anions, and it is highly expressed in lung tissue.	Superoxides	82-99	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	36-40
21474820-5	2011	IL17A/ApoE(-/-) mice had reduced aortic superoxide production, increased aortic nitric oxide levels, decreased aortic leukocyte and dendritic cell infiltration, and reduced weight gain after a high-fat diet compared with ApoE(-/-) mice.	Superoxides	40-50	interleukin 17A	Mus musculus	0-5
21467031-4	2011	Here, we give evidence of a mechanism for the reverse reaction, namely dark reoxidation of protein-bound flavin in Arabidopsis thaliana cryptochrome (AtCRY1) by molecular oxygen that involves formation of a spin-correlated FADH( )-superoxide radical pair.	Superoxides	231-241	cryptochrome 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	150-156
21780368-3	2011	Our results showed that superoxide levels were significantly increased in a time-dependent manner in blood monocyte-derived macrophages treated with 100 microg/ml MWCNTs for 12 h. Concomitantly, MWCNTs induced membrane translocation of the NADPH oxidase subunits p47phox and p67phox, a signature event for NADPH oxidase activation.	Superoxides	24-34	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	263-270
21213045-0	2011	Proline rich polypeptide (PRP-1) increases the superoxide-producing and ferrihemoglobin reducing activities of cytochrome B(558) isoforms from human lymphosarcoma tissue cells.	Superoxides	47-57	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	111-123
21343298-1	2011	In contrast to the NADPH oxidases Nox1 and Nox2, which generate superoxide (O(2)( -)), Nox4 produces hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)).	Superoxides	64-74	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	43-47
21343298-1	2011	In contrast to the NADPH oxidases Nox1 and Nox2, which generate superoxide (O(2)( -)), Nox4 produces hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)).	Superoxides	76-80	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	43-47
21297023-2	2011	Although the mechanisms underlying these NHE1-mediated effects suggest delay of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening, and reduction of mitochondrial-derived superoxide production, the possibility of NHE1 blockade targeting mitochondria has been incompletely explored.	Superoxides	178-188	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Rattus norvegicus	41-45
21352551-7	2011	Superoxide production was dependent on the presence of LBP, but was not significantly affected by a blocking antibody to TLR4.	Superoxides	0-10	lipopolysaccharide binding protein	Homo sapiens	55-58
21304882-8	2011	In vivo administration of the Nox2 inhibitor apocynin significantly suppressed viral titer, airways inflammation and inflammatory cell superoxide production following infection with X-31 or PR8.	Superoxides	135-145	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	30-34
21037555-2	2011	K-ras activates Rac1-dependent NADPH oxidase, a key source of superoxide.	Superoxides	62-72	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	0-5
21037555-2	2011	K-ras activates Rac1-dependent NADPH oxidase, a key source of superoxide.	Superoxides	62-72	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	16-20
21037555-11	2011	These results suggest that activation of Rac1-dependent superoxide generation leads to pancreatic cancer cell proliferation.	Superoxides	56-66	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	41-45
20959139-6	2011	In addition, NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor DPI and N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a scavenger of superoxide anion (O2-) also inhibited the enhanced phosphorylation of PDGFR and IGF-1R and c-Src in VSMC from SHR to control levels.	Superoxides	86-102	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	177-182
20959139-6	2011	In addition, NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor DPI and N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a scavenger of superoxide anion (O2-) also inhibited the enhanced phosphorylation of PDGFR and IGF-1R and c-Src in VSMC from SHR to control levels.	Superoxides	104-106	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	177-182
20959532-8	2011	Silencing TLR2, TLR4, and p47phox with small inhibitory RNAs (siRNAs) significantly reduced superoxide release, NF-kappaB activity, IL-1beta, and MCP-1 secretion in HG and palmitate-treated THP-1 cells.	Superoxides	92-102	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	26-33
20942796-8	2011	The effects of HO-1 induction were less dramatic in the absence of substrate for CYP1A2, suggesting that the enzyme was more effective in inhibiting the CYP1A2-related activity than the CPR-related production of superoxide (that dismutates to form hydrogen peroxide).	Superoxides	212-222	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	15-19
20942796-8	2011	The effects of HO-1 induction were less dramatic in the absence of substrate for CYP1A2, suggesting that the enzyme was more effective in inhibiting the CYP1A2-related activity than the CPR-related production of superoxide (that dismutates to form hydrogen peroxide).	Superoxides	212-222	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	186-189
21673968-4	2011	NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide levels, assayed by lucigenin chemiluminescence, were also significantly increased in diabetic mesenteric arteries (diabetes, 4892+-946 counts/mg versus normal 2486+-344 counts/mg, n = 7-10, p&lt;0.01) associated with an increase in Nox2 expression but DiOHF (2094+-300 counts/mg, n = 10, p&lt;0.001) reversed that effect.	Superoxides	22-32	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	265-269
21673968-13	2011	CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: DiOHF improves NO activity in diabetes by reducing Nox2-dependent superoxide production and preventing eNOS uncoupling to improve endothelial function.	Superoxides	92-102	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	77-81
20932897-18	2010	Further testing in models of chronic lung or pulmonary vascular diseases mediated by excess superoxide should consider the longer tissue half-life of SOD2/3 as well as its potential systemic vascular effects.	Superoxides	92-102	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	150-154
20884337-3	2010	In astrocytes, oligomeric Abeta induces the assembly of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase complexes resulting in its activation to produce anionic superoxide.	Superoxides	173-183	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	26-31
20884337-8	2010	Our data showed that laser light at 632.8 nm suppressed Abeta-induced superoxide production, colocalization between NADPH oxidase gp91(phox) and p47(phox) subunits, phosphorylation of cPLA(2,) and the expressions of IL-1beta and iNOS in primary astrocytes.	Superoxides	70-80	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	56-61
11352506-5	2001	Results showed that Rac-1 activation is mediated via a pertussis toxin (PTX)-sensitive heteromeric G-protein pathway, and that Rac-1 membrane sequestration was preceded by [Ca2+]i mobilization following entry of Ca2+ e. Therefore, we propose that O2- production is dependent on activation of PTX-sensitive G-proteins and sequestration of Rac-1 in the plasma membrane, following entry of Ca2+ e.	Superoxides	247-249	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	127-132
11352506-5	2001	Results showed that Rac-1 activation is mediated via a pertussis toxin (PTX)-sensitive heteromeric G-protein pathway, and that Rac-1 membrane sequestration was preceded by [Ca2+]i mobilization following entry of Ca2+ e. Therefore, we propose that O2- production is dependent on activation of PTX-sensitive G-proteins and sequestration of Rac-1 in the plasma membrane, following entry of Ca2+ e.	Superoxides	247-249	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	127-132
18638447-0	2008	The AP-1 site is essential for the promoter activity of NOX1/NADPH oxidase, a vascular superoxide-producing enzyme: Possible involvement of the ERK1/2-JunB pathway.	Superoxides	87-97	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	151-155
18772386-6	2008	HtrA2 inhibits mitochondrial superoxide generation, stabilizes mitochondrial membrane potential, and prevents apoptosis at baseline and in response to extracellular inducers of mitochondrial stress.	Superoxides	29-39	HtrA serine peptidase 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
18599502-2	2008	We used mice overexpressing the extracellular antioxidant enzyme extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD TG) to test the hypothesis that O(2)(.-) generated in the extracellular compartment under hypoxic conditions contributes to PH through the induction of the transcription factor, early growth response-1 (Egr-1), and its downstream gene target, tissue factor (TF).	Superoxides	140-144	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	65-99
18556569-4	2008	The goal of the current study was to directly assess the contribution of NADPH oxidase derived superoxide to eNOS function by expressing Nox5, a single gene product that constitutively produces superoxide within cells.	Superoxides	95-105	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	137-141
18556569-4	2008	The goal of the current study was to directly assess the contribution of NADPH oxidase derived superoxide to eNOS function by expressing Nox5, a single gene product that constitutively produces superoxide within cells.	Superoxides	194-204	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	137-141
21791370-7	2008	The linear regression analysis of the effect of B(a)P on the superoxide anion overproduction showed a good coefficient (r=0.97, p&lt;0.01), showed that ANT and B(a)P exposure induces PpIX accumulation, probably by disruption of the haem biosynthesis.	Superoxides	61-77	prohibitin 2	Homo sapiens	48-53
21791370-7	2008	The linear regression analysis of the effect of B(a)P on the superoxide anion overproduction showed a good coefficient (r=0.97, p&lt;0.01), showed that ANT and B(a)P exposure induces PpIX accumulation, probably by disruption of the haem biosynthesis.	Superoxides	61-77	prohibitin 2	Homo sapiens	160-165
18645049-1	2008	GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GTPCH1) is the rate-limiting enzyme in de novo synthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), an essential cofactor for endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) dictating, at least partly, the balance of NO and superoxide produced by this enzyme.	Superoxides	216-226	GTP cyclohydrolase 1	Mus musculus	0-20
18645049-1	2008	GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GTPCH1) is the rate-limiting enzyme in de novo synthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), an essential cofactor for endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) dictating, at least partly, the balance of NO and superoxide produced by this enzyme.	Superoxides	216-226	GTP cyclohydrolase 1	Mus musculus	22-28
18645049-7	2008	BH4 reduction induced by GTPCH1 siRNA injection was associated with increased aortic levels of superoxide, 3-nitrotyrosine, and adhesion molecules (intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1), as well as a significantly elevated systolic, diastolic, and mean BP in C57BL6 mice.	Superoxides	95-105	GTP cyclohydrolase 1	Mus musculus	25-31
18501421-9	2008	Both fractions were tested in peritoneal mice macrophages and remained active, promoting an increase of superoxide anion production of 2.0 and 2.3-fold, at 250 microg/mL, for AG-S and AG-P, respectively.	Superoxides	104-120	galactosidase, alpha	Mus musculus	175-179
18729091-2	2008	Prior studies with purified human cytochrome b(5) and NADPH:P450 reductase in reconstituted proteoliposomes (PLs) demonstrated rapid reduction of Cr(VI) (hexavalent chromium, as CrO(4)(2-), and the generation of Cr(V), superoxide (O(2)(*-)), and hydroxyl radical (HO(*)).	Superoxides	219-229	cytochrome b5 type A	Homo sapiens	34-49
18606697-8	2008	Genetic deletion of mfpr1 resulted in abrogation of neutrophil superoxide production and degranulation in response to fMIVIL and fMIFL, further demonstrating that mFPR1 is the primary receptor for detection of these formyl peptides.	Superoxides	63-73	formyl peptide receptor 1	Mus musculus	20-25
18436804-8	2008	uPA increased macrophage oxidative stress, measured by increased lipid peroxides, reactive oxygen species formation, superoxide anion release, and cell-mediated LDL oxidation.	Superoxides	117-133	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Mus musculus	0-3
18339714-0	2008	Superoxide destabilization of beta-catenin augments apoptosis of high-glucose-stressed mesangial cells.	Superoxides	0-10	catenin beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	30-42
18485875-4	2008	Here we find that GzmA accesses the mitochondrial matrix to cleave the complex I protein NDUFS3, an iron-sulfur subunit of the NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex I, after Lys56 to interfere with NADH oxidation and generate superoxide anions.	Superoxides	227-244	NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit S3	Homo sapiens	89-95
18480288-7	2008	Whereas LPS failed to kill preOLs in cocultures of microglia and preOLs deficient in inducible NOS (iNOS) or gp91(phox), the catalytic subunit of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase, LPS caused a similar degree of preOL death in mixed glial cultures of wild-type, iNOS-/-, and gp91(phox-/-) mice.	Superoxides	150-160	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	109-113
18480288-7	2008	Whereas LPS failed to kill preOLs in cocultures of microglia and preOLs deficient in inducible NOS (iNOS) or gp91(phox), the catalytic subunit of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase, LPS caused a similar degree of preOL death in mixed glial cultures of wild-type, iNOS-/-, and gp91(phox-/-) mice.	Superoxides	150-160	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	281-285
18299324-2	2008	The current dogma is that superoxide anion radical (O(2)(*-)) is responsible for this activation, based largely on previous work employing purified rabbit IDO and rabbit enterocytes.	Superoxides	26-50	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	155-158
18299324-2	2008	The current dogma is that superoxide anion radical (O(2)(*-)) is responsible for this activation, based largely on previous work employing purified rabbit IDO and rabbit enterocytes.	Superoxides	52-60	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	155-158
18334557-8	2008	In TERT-overexpressing cells, mtDNA is protected, mitochondrial membrane potential is increased and mitochondrial superoxide production and cell peroxide levels are decreased, all indicating improved mitochondrial function and diminished retrograde response.	Superoxides	114-124	telomerase reverse transcriptase	Homo sapiens	3-7
21124855-12	2010	It is also demonstrated that a massive reduction in H(v)1 expression can limit the Nox2 mediated superoxide production of PLB-985 granulocytes.	Superoxides	97-107	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	83-87
18439101-9	2008	The JNK inhibitor markedly suppressed TNF-alpha-induced and GM-CSF-induced superoxide release.	Superoxides	75-85	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	60-66
18439101-10	2008	These findings suggest that JNK1 and JNK2 are involved in TNF-alpha-induced neutrophil apoptosis and GM-CSF-mediated antiapoptotic effect on neutrophils, respectively, and both JNK isoforms are involved in TNF-alpha-induced and GM-CSF-induced superoxide release.	Superoxides	243-253	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	101-107
17993589-6	2008	Cav-1(-/-) PMNs showed 50-80% reduction in PMA- or fMLP-stimulated superoxide production compared with Cav-1(+/+) PMNs.	Superoxides	67-77	caveolin 1, caveolae protein	Mus musculus	0-5
17993589-9	2008	Exogenous expression of caveolin-1 in COS-phox cells augmented the fMLP-induced Rac1 activation and superoxide production, indicating a direct role of caveolin-1 in the mechanism of superoxide production.	Superoxides	100-110	caveolin 1, caveolae protein	Mus musculus	24-34
17993589-9	2008	Exogenous expression of caveolin-1 in COS-phox cells augmented the fMLP-induced Rac1 activation and superoxide production, indicating a direct role of caveolin-1 in the mechanism of superoxide production.	Superoxides	182-192	caveolin 1, caveolae protein	Mus musculus	24-34
17993589-9	2008	Exogenous expression of caveolin-1 in COS-phox cells augmented the fMLP-induced Rac1 activation and superoxide production, indicating a direct role of caveolin-1 in the mechanism of superoxide production.	Superoxides	182-192	caveolin 1, caveolae protein	Mus musculus	151-161
18023288-3	2008	These new homologues (Nox1-Nox5) produce low levels of superoxides compared to the phagocytic homologue Nox2/gp91phox.	Superoxides	55-66	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	27-31
18328147-4	2008	When challenged with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), RA neutrophils exhibited reduced responses to these cytokines, which included O2- release, adherence, priming for enhanced O2- release, and phosphorylation of ERK and p38.	Superoxides	271-273	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	21-58
18328147-4	2008	When challenged with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), RA neutrophils exhibited reduced responses to these cytokines, which included O2- release, adherence, priming for enhanced O2- release, and phosphorylation of ERK and p38.	Superoxides	271-273	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	68-94
19082940-5	2008	Immunospin-trapping with anti-DMPO antibody and subsequent mass spectrometry are used to define the specific site of oxidative damage, indicating cysteine-206 and tyrosine-177 of complex I/51 kDa FMN-binding subunit and cysteine-655 of complex II/70 kDa FAD-binding subunit are involved in specific protein radical formation caused by O(2) (-) attack.	Superoxides	335-339	formin 1	Homo sapiens	196-199
18226570-9	2008	In view of these data, we speculate that a perturbation of NO signaling, together with enhanced O2(-) production originating from NO synthases, may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of the adverse pulmonary phenotype seen in cav-1 ko.	Superoxides	96-101	caveolin 1, caveolae protein	Mus musculus	231-236
17974492-3	2008	CYP-mediated superoxide production reduces nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability.	Superoxides	13-23	cytochrome P450, family 21, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	Mus musculus	0-3
11545248-7	2001	PRINCIPAL CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the inhibitory activity of PDE4 inhibitors on fMLP-induced production of superoxide anion production is mediated by db-cAMP rather than IL-10.	Superoxides	122-138	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	185-190
18066125-8	2007	Transfection of human endothelial cells or vascular smooth muscle cells with p22 phox siRNA to inhibit NADPH oxidase activation effectively abolished Hcy-induced superoxide anion production, thus indicating the direct involvement of NADPH oxidase in elevated superoxide generation in vascular cells.	Superoxides	162-178	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	77-80
11278678-2	2001	Genetic targeting studies in mice showed that Rac2 is an essential regulator of neutrophil chemotaxis, L-selectin capture and rolling, and superoxide production.	Superoxides	139-149	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	46-50
18066125-8	2007	Transfection of human endothelial cells or vascular smooth muscle cells with p22 phox siRNA to inhibit NADPH oxidase activation effectively abolished Hcy-induced superoxide anion production, thus indicating the direct involvement of NADPH oxidase in elevated superoxide generation in vascular cells.	Superoxides	162-172	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	77-80
11331784-1	2001	Nox1, a homologue of gp91phox, the catalytic moiety of the superoxide (O(2)(-))-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes, causes increased O(2)(-) generation, increased mitotic rate, cell transformation, and tumorigenicity when expressed in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts.	Superoxides	59-69	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	21-29
11331784-1	2001	Nox1, a homologue of gp91phox, the catalytic moiety of the superoxide (O(2)(-))-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes, causes increased O(2)(-) generation, increased mitotic rate, cell transformation, and tumorigenicity when expressed in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts.	Superoxides	71-75	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	21-29
17666049-3	2007	LPS/IFN-gamma also promotes an early release of superoxide, via activation of NADPH oxidase, but the generation of peroxynitrite (ONOO-) is prevented by the different timing of superoxide (minutes) and NO (hours) formation.	Superoxides	48-58	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	4-13
11331784-1	2001	Nox1, a homologue of gp91phox, the catalytic moiety of the superoxide (O(2)(-))-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes, causes increased O(2)(-) generation, increased mitotic rate, cell transformation, and tumorigenicity when expressed in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts.	Superoxides	137-141	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	21-29
11348868-5	2001	These changes were NAD(P)H oxidase-dependent, because diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) abolished superoxide generation (P&lt;0.001).	Superoxides	90-100	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	19-26
11394942-2	2001	In the in vitro study, the significant production of superoxide anion that was identified 3 hours after application of 10% whole blood to the rat aortic segments was inhibited by rebamipide (100 and 300 microM) and these results were correlated with the in vitro intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression on the femoral artery.	Superoxides	53-69	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	263-296
11394942-2	2001	In the in vitro study, the significant production of superoxide anion that was identified 3 hours after application of 10% whole blood to the rat aortic segments was inhibited by rebamipide (100 and 300 microM) and these results were correlated with the in vitro intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression on the femoral artery.	Superoxides	53-69	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	298-304
11275480-2	2001	Subsequently, *NO/superoxide (O(2-)-derived peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) consumes one additional mol NADPH.	Superoxides	18-28	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	96-101
11523308-0	2001	Protein kinase inhibition exerts cardioprotective effects in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion via inhibition of superoxide release.	Superoxides	111-121	KIT proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
11523308-1	2001	Staurosporine, a selective inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC) in the low nanomolar range suppresses superoxide production from polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs).	Superoxides	101-111	KIT proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	40-54
11120743-0	2001	Roles for beta II-protein kinase C and RACK1 in positive and negative signaling for superoxide anion generation in differentiated HL60 cells.	Superoxides	84-100	receptor for activated C kinase 1	Homo sapiens	39-44
11120743-12	2001	Alternatively, RACK1 may sequester betaII-PKC to down-regulate O(2) generation.	Superoxides	63-67	receptor for activated C kinase 1	Homo sapiens	15-20
11256471-2	2001	In the in vitro studies, BWHE scavenged super oxide anion produced in the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system (IC50=11.4 microg phenolic compound/ml), and strongly inhibited autoxidation of linoleic acid (IC50=6.2 microg phenolic compound/ml).	Superoxides	40-57	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	83-99
11261799-6	2001	When stimulated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), Lsp1-/- peritoneal neutrophils produce more superoxide than WT.	Superoxides	102-112	lymphocyte specific 1	Mus musculus	58-62
11261799-7	2001	The data presented suggest that LSP1 plays important roles in the regulation of neutrophil morphology, motility, and superoxide production.	Superoxides	117-127	lymphocyte specific 1	Mus musculus	32-36
11156938-7	2001	Superoxide release was restored in p47phox-deficient microglia that were retrovirally transduced with human p47phox cDNA.	Superoxides	0-10	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	35-42
11156938-7	2001	Superoxide release was restored in p47phox-deficient microglia that were retrovirally transduced with human p47phox cDNA.	Superoxides	0-10	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	108-115
11230347-0	2001	Superoxide inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase influences on afferent arterioles in spontaneously hypertensive rats.	Superoxides	0-10	nitric oxide synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	20-50
11230347-1	2001	This study was designed to determine the influence of increased superoxide anion in neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)-dependent regulation of afferent arterioles in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).	Superoxides	64-80	nitric oxide synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	84-114
11230347-1	2001	This study was designed to determine the influence of increased superoxide anion in neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)-dependent regulation of afferent arterioles in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).	Superoxides	64-80	nitric oxide synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	116-120
11230347-10	2001	These suggest that superoxide anion inhibits the control of afferent arteriolar diameters by nNOS in SHR.	Superoxides	19-35	nitric oxide synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	93-97
11084289-0	2000	Spin trapping of lipid radicals with DEPMPO-derived spin traps: detection of superoxide, alkyl and alkoxyl radicals in aqueous and lipid phase.	Superoxides	77-87	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
11084289-0	2000	Spin trapping of lipid radicals with DEPMPO-derived spin traps: detection of superoxide, alkyl and alkoxyl radicals in aqueous and lipid phase.	Superoxides	77-87	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	52-56
11084289-1	2000	The spin trap 5-(diethoxyphosphoryl)-5-methyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DEPMPO) forms a superoxide adduct with a half-life of almost 15 min.	Superoxides	83-93	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	4-8
11084289-4	2000	As compared with the spin trap DMPO, the half-lives of the respective superoxide adducts were clearly higher in aqueous solutions of the spin traps, which facilitates qualitative ESR measurements.	Superoxides	70-80	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	21-25
11084289-4	2000	As compared with the spin trap DMPO, the half-lives of the respective superoxide adducts were clearly higher in aqueous solutions of the spin traps, which facilitates qualitative ESR measurements.	Superoxides	70-80	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	137-141
11084289-5	2000	The stability of the superoxide spin adducts formed with the various lipophilic spin traps in aqueous buffer were similar to those observed with DEPMPO (half-life: 7-11 min.).	Superoxides	21-31	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	32-36
11084289-5	2000	The stability of the superoxide spin adducts formed with the various lipophilic spin traps in aqueous buffer were similar to those observed with DEPMPO (half-life: 7-11 min.).	Superoxides	21-31	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	80-84
11118808-3	2000	Superoxide is controlled by enzymes such as manganese- or copper-zinc-dependent superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD, CuZn-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and antioxidants derived from heme oxygenase (HO) activity such as biliverdin and bilirubin.	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	44-100
11118808-3	2000	Superoxide is controlled by enzymes such as manganese- or copper-zinc-dependent superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD, CuZn-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and antioxidants derived from heme oxygenase (HO) activity such as biliverdin and bilirubin.	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	102-108
11073107-2	2000	This was followed by a second release of superoxide, which began at 10 min after addition of C5a, was sustained for more than 30 min, and required ICAM-1 immobilized in the wells.	Superoxides	41-51	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	147-153
11050244-2	2000	We determined first that hyperglycemia induced a decrease in glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in bovine aortic endothelial cells via increased production of mitochondrial superoxide and a concomitant 2.4-fold increase in hexosamine pathway activity.	Superoxides	188-198	LOC786101	Bos taurus	61-101
11009441-12	2000	The source of superoxide in this model may be xanthine oxidase.	Superoxides	14-24	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	46-62
11037884-0	2000	Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and beta2 integrins in C1q-stimulated superoxide production by human neutrophils: an example of a general regulatory mechanism governing acute inflammation.	Superoxides	72-82	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	0-33
11037884-1	2000	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and beta2 integrins in the production of superoxide (O2-) by C1q-stimulated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN).	Superoxides	122-132	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	38-71
11037884-1	2000	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and beta2 integrins in the production of superoxide (O2-) by C1q-stimulated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN).	Superoxides	122-132	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	73-79
11037884-1	2000	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and beta2 integrins in the production of superoxide (O2-) by C1q-stimulated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN).	Superoxides	134-136	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	38-71
11037884-1	2000	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and beta2 integrins in the production of superoxide (O2-) by C1q-stimulated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN).	Superoxides	134-136	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	73-79
11037884-7	2000	Co-immobilization of ICAM-1 with C1q cooperatively triggered O2- production by PMN.	Superoxides	61-63	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	21-27
11037884-9	2000	Our findings suggest a model for PMN activation in which 2 stimuli are required for O2- production: a first signal that also activates PMN beta2 integrins, followed by a second, beta2 integrin-mediated signal, which occurs physiologically upon PMN binding to ICAM-1.	Superoxides	84-86	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	259-265
11037884-10	2000	The requirement for this dual signal for PMN generation of O2- would serve as a regulatory mechanism to limit the production of O2- to a tissue environment where C1q, or some other stimulus, is colocalized with stromal cells bearing up-regulated ICAM-1.	Superoxides	59-61	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	246-252
11037884-10	2000	The requirement for this dual signal for PMN generation of O2- would serve as a regulatory mechanism to limit the production of O2- to a tissue environment where C1q, or some other stimulus, is colocalized with stromal cells bearing up-regulated ICAM-1.	Superoxides	128-130	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	246-252
10942521-1	2000	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is an antioxidant enzyme that reduces superoxide anion to hydrogen peroxide in cell mitochondria.	Superoxides	77-93	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-30
10942521-1	2000	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is an antioxidant enzyme that reduces superoxide anion to hydrogen peroxide in cell mitochondria.	Superoxides	77-93	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	32-37
10924079-7	2000	These results implicate superoxide, derived from both xanthine oxidase and NADPH oxidase, as mediators of the increased P-selectin expression observed in different regional vascular beds exposed to hemorrhage and retransfusion.	Superoxides	24-34	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	54-70
10934088-10	2000	Effective CPAP therapy led to a rapid and long-lasting decrease of superoxide release in OSA.	Superoxides	67-77	centromere protein J	Homo sapiens	10-14
10934088-12	2000	The increased superoxide generation, which might have major impact on the development of cardiovascular disorders, is virtually fully reversed by effective CPAP therapy.	Superoxides	14-24	centromere protein J	Homo sapiens	156-160
10900176-0	2000	NF- kappa B independent suppression of endothelial vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 gene expression by inhibition of flavin binding proteins and superoxide production.	Superoxides	184-194	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	89-122
10936476-1	2000	Neutrophils and other phagocytes manufacture O(2)(-) (superoxide) by the one-electron reduction of oxygen at the expense of NADPH.	Superoxides	54-64	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	124-129
10873967-5	2000	Superoxide anion production (respiratory burst) was determined by lucigenin enhanced chemiluminescence (LUCL); secondary granule lactoferrin release by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); and CD11b, CD18, and CD62L expression by flow cytometric analysis.	Superoxides	0-16	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	199-204
10873554-1	2000	The present study is the first to show that superoxide (O(-)(2)) forming NADPH oxidase is activated in Alzheimer"s disease (AD) brains by demonstrating the marked translocation of the cytosolic factors p47-phox and p67-phox to the membrane.	Superoxides	44-54	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	202-210
10849115-9	2000	The degree of L-selectin expression on neutrophils was correlated with the intracellular signalling events and the related superoxide production.	Superoxides	123-133	L-selectin	Bos taurus	14-24
10879688-5	2000	Both CD64+ subsets (CD16+ or CD16-) exhibit high phagocytic activity accompanied by intracellular superoxide induction.	Superoxides	98-108	Fc gamma receptor IIIa	Homo sapiens	20-24
10879688-5	2000	Both CD64+ subsets (CD16+ or CD16-) exhibit high phagocytic activity accompanied by intracellular superoxide induction.	Superoxides	98-108	Fc gamma receptor IIIa	Homo sapiens	29-33
10927881-0	2000	Spin-trapping detection of superoxides in polymorphonuclear leukocytes stimulated with serum-opsonized zymosan.	Superoxides	27-38	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
11008352-1	2000	BACKGROUND: The cytosolic protein p47-phox (phagocyte oxidase) is one of the essential components of the superoxide generating system in phagocytes and its defect causes approximately 30% of the chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) cases.	Superoxides	105-115	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	34-61
10754302-0	2000	Independent functioning of cytosolic phospholipase A2 and phospholipase D1 in Trp-Lys-Tyr-Met-Val-D-Met-induced superoxide generation in human monocytes.	Superoxides	112-122	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	27-53
10754302-3	2000	Superoxide generation as well as arachidonic acid (AA) release evoked by treatment with WKYMVm could be almost completely blocked by pretreatment of the cells with cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2)-specific inhibitors.	Superoxides	0-10	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	164-178
10754302-3	2000	Superoxide generation as well as arachidonic acid (AA) release evoked by treatment with WKYMVm could be almost completely blocked by pretreatment of the cells with cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2)-specific inhibitors.	Superoxides	0-10	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	180-185
10788668-2	2000	Superoxide (O(2)(-&amp;z. rad;)) was generated by xanthine oxidase metabolism of hypoxanthine, and quantified by following reduction of cytochrome c by O(2)(-&amp;z. rad;) as increasing absorbance at 550 nm.	Superoxides	0-10	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	50-66
10770281-8	2000	CRP-mediated regulation occurs via the CRP-R because an IgM mouse mAb to the human CRP-R mimicked CRP-induced inhibition of O2- production and chemotaxis.	Superoxides	124-126	C-reactive protein, pentraxin-related	Mus musculus	0-3
10942074-4	2000	The superoxide radical level after UV-B irradiation measured by the cytochrome c reduction method shows only a slight increase (p &gt; 0.05).	Superoxides	4-22	cytochrome c	Sus scrofa	68-80
10730825-3	2000	This raises questions as to the conclusion of a NAD(P)H oxidase as the major source of endothelial superoxide.	Superoxides	99-109	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	48-55
10730825-7	2000	Our results demonstrate that a NAD(P)H-dependent oxidase is an important source for endothelial superoxide but the latter, however, cannot be measured reliably by lucigenin.	Superoxides	96-106	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	31-38
10836209-4	2000	The extract effectively scavenged superoxide anion, produced by hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase reaction and hydroxyl radical, produced by Fenton reaction.	Superoxides	34-50	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	77-93
10706597-0	2000	In vitro knockout of human p47phox blocks superoxide anion production and LDL oxidation by activated human monocytes.	Superoxides	42-58	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	27-34
10706597-6	2000	As sense ODN caused no inhibition of O(2)(.-) production, these results suggested that inhibition of p47phox expression caused reduction in O(2)(.-) production.	Superoxides	140-144	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	101-108
10591153-4	1999	Thus, we studied the mechanism of inhibition of neutrophil superoxide (O2*-) generation by pravastatin and found that pravastatin at 0.5 mM inhibited the receptor-mediated tyrosine kinase (TK)-dependent pathway of O2*- generation and also luminol chemiluminescence but not the protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent or the TK- and PKC-independent pathways of O2*- generation in neutrophils.	Superoxides	59-69	TXK tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	172-187
10591153-4	1999	Thus, we studied the mechanism of inhibition of neutrophil superoxide (O2*-) generation by pravastatin and found that pravastatin at 0.5 mM inhibited the receptor-mediated tyrosine kinase (TK)-dependent pathway of O2*- generation and also luminol chemiluminescence but not the protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent or the TK- and PKC-independent pathways of O2*- generation in neutrophils.	Superoxides	59-69	TXK tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	189-191
10591153-4	1999	Thus, we studied the mechanism of inhibition of neutrophil superoxide (O2*-) generation by pravastatin and found that pravastatin at 0.5 mM inhibited the receptor-mediated tyrosine kinase (TK)-dependent pathway of O2*- generation and also luminol chemiluminescence but not the protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent or the TK- and PKC-independent pathways of O2*- generation in neutrophils.	Superoxides	71-73	TXK tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	172-187
10591153-4	1999	Thus, we studied the mechanism of inhibition of neutrophil superoxide (O2*-) generation by pravastatin and found that pravastatin at 0.5 mM inhibited the receptor-mediated tyrosine kinase (TK)-dependent pathway of O2*- generation and also luminol chemiluminescence but not the protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent or the TK- and PKC-independent pathways of O2*- generation in neutrophils.	Superoxides	214-216	TXK tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	172-187
10591153-4	1999	Thus, we studied the mechanism of inhibition of neutrophil superoxide (O2*-) generation by pravastatin and found that pravastatin at 0.5 mM inhibited the receptor-mediated tyrosine kinase (TK)-dependent pathway of O2*- generation and also luminol chemiluminescence but not the protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent or the TK- and PKC-independent pathways of O2*- generation in neutrophils.	Superoxides	214-216	TXK tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	189-191
10591153-4	1999	Thus, we studied the mechanism of inhibition of neutrophil superoxide (O2*-) generation by pravastatin and found that pravastatin at 0.5 mM inhibited the receptor-mediated tyrosine kinase (TK)-dependent pathway of O2*- generation and also luminol chemiluminescence but not the protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent or the TK- and PKC-independent pathways of O2*- generation in neutrophils.	Superoxides	214-216	TXK tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	172-187
10591153-4	1999	Thus, we studied the mechanism of inhibition of neutrophil superoxide (O2*-) generation by pravastatin and found that pravastatin at 0.5 mM inhibited the receptor-mediated tyrosine kinase (TK)-dependent pathway of O2*- generation and also luminol chemiluminescence but not the protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent or the TK- and PKC-independent pathways of O2*- generation in neutrophils.	Superoxides	214-216	TXK tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	189-191
10609048-3	1999	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) is a scavenger of superoxide.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	32-38
10586945-3	1999	This study was intended to determine whether retinal soluble proteins such as S-antigen and interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) play a role in the induction of *NO and superoxide by a macrophage cell line and by rat and rabbit peritoneal macrophages.	Superoxides	183-193	retinol binding protein 3	Rattus norvegicus	137-141
10586945-7	1999	Superoxide production was measured by superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of cytochrome C. RESULTS: Both S-antigen and IRBP induced significant, dose-dependent nitrite production in RAW 264.7 and rat peritoneal macrophages.	Superoxides	0-10	retinol binding protein 3	Rattus norvegicus	126-130
10578014-2	1999	As one component of NADPH oxidase in neutrophils, gp91-phox is responsible for catalyzing the production of superoxide (O(2).(2)).	Superoxides	108-118	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	50-59
10578014-2	1999	As one component of NADPH oxidase in neutrophils, gp91-phox is responsible for catalyzing the production of superoxide (O(2).(2)).	Superoxides	120-124	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	50-59
10644010-4	1999	We investigated whether superoxide anion direct generation or accumulation through specific SOD inhibition, may affect ICAM-1 expression in human melanoma and endothelial cells.	Superoxides	24-40	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	119-125
10577519-1	1999	NADPH oxidase, a superoxide-producing enzyme in phagocytic cells, consists of membrane-associated cytochrome b558 and cytosolic components (p47-phox, p67-phox, p40-phox, rac 1/2).	Superoxides	17-27	cytochrome b	Cavia porcellus	98-110
10453032-0	1999	Superoxide attenuates macrophage apoptosis by NF-kappa B and AP-1 activation that promotes cyclooxygenase-2 expression.	Superoxides	0-10	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	61-65
10453032-5	1999	Preactivation with superoxide promoted cyclooxygenase-2 induction that was NF-kappa B and AP-1 mediated.	Superoxides	19-29	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	90-94
10453032-8	1999	The importance of AP-1 for superoxide-mediated Cox-2 expression and cell protection was substantiated by using the extracellular signal-regulated kinase-inhibitor PD98059 and the p38-inhibitor SB203580, which blocked Cox-2 expression.	Superoxides	27-37	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	18-22
10188770-7	1999	Our in vitro studies suggest that enhanced release of these four mediators (nitric oxide, TNF-alpha, thromboxane B2, and matrix metalloproteinase-9) during stimulation of BMphi with LPS might play a critical role in the subsequent ability of BMphi to generate O2- in vivo.	Superoxides	260-262	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Rattus norvegicus	121-147
9920929-2	1999	In this process, both activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and induction of superoxide anion (O-2) production are required.	Superoxides	76-92	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	94-97
9815227-2	1998	Incubation with 20-100 ng/mL IL-10 for 2-3 days decreased the fungicidal activity of monocytes against serum-opsonized C. albicans blastoconidia (P&lt;/=.04), reduced their capacity to damage unopsonized hyphae (P&lt;/=.006), and suppressed superoxide anion production in response to phorbol myristate acetate (P=.019) and N-FMLP (P=.04) but not to serum-opsonized blastoconidia.	Superoxides	241-257	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	29-34
10048134-3	1998	Individual PCB congeners, varying in pattern and extent of chlorination, were tested for their ability to stimulate production of O2- and/or to enhance the response to protein kinase C activation by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).	Superoxides	130-132	pyruvate carboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	11-14
9763465-6	1998	Staurosporine caused a significant increase in caspase-1-like activity that preceded intracellular superoxide production and reached a maximum after 30 min.	Superoxides	99-109	caspase 1	Rattus norvegicus	47-56
9763465-9	1998	In contrast, treatment with caspase-1-like protease inhibitors reduced both superoxide production and cell death.	Superoxides	76-86	caspase 1	Rattus norvegicus	28-37
9856476-1	1998	A membrane-bound cytochrome b558, a heterodimer consisting of gp91-phox and p22-phox, is a critical component of the superoxide (O2-)-generating reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase in phagocytes.	Superoxides	117-127	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	17-29
9856476-1	1998	A membrane-bound cytochrome b558, a heterodimer consisting of gp91-phox and p22-phox, is a critical component of the superoxide (O2-)-generating reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase in phagocytes.	Superoxides	117-127	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	62-71
9856476-1	1998	A membrane-bound cytochrome b558, a heterodimer consisting of gp91-phox and p22-phox, is a critical component of the superoxide (O2-)-generating reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase in phagocytes.	Superoxides	129-131	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	17-29
9856476-1	1998	A membrane-bound cytochrome b558, a heterodimer consisting of gp91-phox and p22-phox, is a critical component of the superoxide (O2-)-generating reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase in phagocytes.	Superoxides	129-131	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	62-71
9660749-0	1998	A Rac1 effector site controlling mitogenesis through superoxide production.	Superoxides	53-63	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	2-6
9660749-5	1998	Treatment of cells with agents that abolish superoxide generation inhibits specifically the mitogenic effect of Rac1.	Superoxides	44-54	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	112-116
9660749-6	1998	Our results identify an effector site in Rac1 that is necessary for mitogenic signaling and implicate superoxide generation as a candidate effector pathway of Rac1-dependent cell growth.	Superoxides	102-112	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	41-45
9660749-6	1998	Our results identify an effector site in Rac1 that is necessary for mitogenic signaling and implicate superoxide generation as a candidate effector pathway of Rac1-dependent cell growth.	Superoxides	102-112	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	159-163
9694155-4	1998	Full reconstitution of superoxide-generating activity was achieved with this vector in a gp91-phox-deficient cell line.	Superoxides	23-33	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	89-98
9651192-4	1998	Although only VCAM-1 stimulated EOS superoxide anion (O2-) generation, the addition of GM-CSF (100 pM) to the reactions resulted in a greater and equivalent production of O2- with VCAM-1 and ICAM-1.	Superoxides	171-173	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	191-197
9721338-4	1998	The timing of paralleled induction of XO with that of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) indicates efficient simultaneous reaction: NO + O2*- --&gt; ONOO- (peroxynitrite).	Superoxides	131-137	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	38-40
9624128-1	1998	The superoxide generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes consists, in resting cells, of a membrane-associated electron transporting flavocytochrome (cytochrome b559) and four cytosolic proteins as follows: p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase, Rac(1 or 2).	Superoxides	4-14	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	258-268
9624165-2	1998	Rac1 and Rac2 are specifically required for superoxide formation by components of the NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	44-54	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
9695291-2	1998	This disease is a disorder of the formation of superoxide (O2-) by the neutrophil NADPH oxidase system, mostly due to defects in cytochrome b558 (cyt b558), which is one of the oxidase components.	Superoxides	47-57	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	129-141
9695291-2	1998	This disease is a disorder of the formation of superoxide (O2-) by the neutrophil NADPH oxidase system, mostly due to defects in cytochrome b558 (cyt b558), which is one of the oxidase components.	Superoxides	59-61	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	129-141
9668203-2	1998	Assuming that electron transfer between hemes of cytochrome b is the main electrogenic step of the Q-cycle, we found that rate of superoxide production increased dramatically with increase in DeltaPsi in the range from 170 to 200 mV.	Superoxides	131-141	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	50-62
9522177-10	1998	The difficulty in the purification of TPH lies not only in its subjectivity to proteolysis, but more importantly in its probable capacity to produce superoxide leading to hydrogen perioxide formation.	Superoxides	149-159	tryptophan hydroxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	38-41
9525996-1	1998	Constitutive nitric oxide synthase (cNOS) with insufficient cofactor (6R)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin (H4B) may generate damaging superoxide (O2-).	Superoxides	130-140	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	0-34
9525996-1	1998	Constitutive nitric oxide synthase (cNOS) with insufficient cofactor (6R)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin (H4B) may generate damaging superoxide (O2-).	Superoxides	130-140	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	36-40
9525996-1	1998	Constitutive nitric oxide synthase (cNOS) with insufficient cofactor (6R)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin (H4B) may generate damaging superoxide (O2-).	Superoxides	142-144	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	0-34
9525996-1	1998	Constitutive nitric oxide synthase (cNOS) with insufficient cofactor (6R)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin (H4B) may generate damaging superoxide (O2-).	Superoxides	142-144	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	36-40
9525996-2	1998	This study was designed to determine whether cNOS-dependent generation of O2- occurs in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) before the onset of hypertension.	Superoxides	74-76	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	45-49
9525996-9	1998	Furthermore, NG-monomethyl-L-arginine inhibited the generation of cNOS-dependent O2- by approximately 70%.	Superoxides	81-83	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	66-70
9525996-12	1998	Thus, dysfunctional cNOS may be a source of O2- in prehypertensive SHR and contribute to the development of hypertension and its vascular complications.	Superoxides	44-46	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	20-24
9509850-6	1998	The results confirmed that superoxide radicals play an important role in the pathogenesis of DDC-induced gastric ulcer in rats and suggested that NADPH (reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate) oxidase in PAF-activated polymorphonuclear leukocytes may be involved in the generation of these radicals.	Superoxides	27-37	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	217-220
9475178-5	1998	The activity of tyrosinase, the key enzyme of melanin biosynthesis, is influenced by the thioredoxin level and by superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	114-124	tyrosinase	Homo sapiens	16-26
9475178-6	1998	Low thioredoxin levels and high superoxide concentrations activate tyrosinase causing hyperpigmentation of the skin.	Superoxides	32-42	tyrosinase	Homo sapiens	67-77
9435318-8	1998	However, PMNs treated sequentially with LPS and fMLP showed a three- to sixfold increase (compared with either agent alone) in plasma membrane-associated p47-phox, p67-phox, and Rac2, and translocation paralleled augmented O2- generation by intact PMNs.	Superoxides	223-225	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	154-162
9414292-1	1998	The X-linked form of chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is caused by mutations in the CYBB gene, which encodes the 91-kD subunit of the flavocytochrome b558, a component of the superoxide-generating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase in phagocytic leukocytes.	Superoxides	178-188	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	87-91
9414292-7	1998	The presence of the normal CYBB gene in the mother was also proven by the finding of normal superoxide-generating neutrophils in addition to cells lacking this ability.	Superoxides	92-102	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	27-31
9791941-6	1998	This protein is a part of the NADPH-oxidase complex that neutrophilic granulocytes employ to generate O-2, superoxide anion.	Superoxides	107-123	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	102-105
9436627-6	1998	Moreover, the O2.- -generating system, xanthine plus xanthine oxidase, caused a marked hyperpolarization.	Superoxides	14-16	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	53-69
9436627-8	1998	Furthermore, in the presence of quinidine, a blocker of Ca2+-dependent K+ conductance fMLP and PAF caused only prolonged depolarization while the effect of O2.- was reduced to a minimum.	Superoxides	156-158	patchy fur	Mus musculus	95-98
9436627-9	1998	These data suggest that the macrophage hyperpolarization response to fMLP and PAF involves superoxide-mediated Ca2+-dependent alteration of the relative membrane permeability to K+.	Superoxides	91-101	patchy fur	Mus musculus	78-81
9423851-0	1998	Interleukin-15 augments superoxide production and microbicidal activity of human monocytes against Candida albicans.	Superoxides	24-34	interleukin 15	Homo sapiens	0-14
9423851-2	1998	We report here results demonstrating the ability of IL-15 to enhance superoxide production and antifungal activity of human monocytes.	Superoxides	69-79	interleukin 15	Homo sapiens	52-57
9423851-3	1998	After 18 and 48 h of treatment with IL-15, human elutriated monocytes manifested enhanced superoxide production in response to either phorbol myristate acetate or opsonized Candida albicans blastoconidia.	Superoxides	90-100	interleukin 15	Homo sapiens	36-41
9423851-7	1998	Antibodies against the gamma chain of the IL-2 receptor and, to a lesser extent, against the beta chain partially abrogated the IL-15-mediated enhanced superoxide production.	Superoxides	152-162	interleukin 15	Homo sapiens	128-133
9423860-5	1998	The mutant showed no increased sensitivity to paraquat, which generates superoxide within the cytosol, but was approximately 1,000-fold more sensitive to the toxicity of superoxide generated in solution by the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system.	Superoxides	170-180	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	219-235
9386357-3	1997	The PAM model suggested that TNF-alpha and GM-CSF could activate PAM to restrict the intracellular growth of the bacteria, probably not through the superoxide anion release, but through the myeloperoxidasae-halide system.	Superoxides	148-164	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	65-68
9360390-2	1997	First, superoxide generation was elevated excessive extent, 200-600 fold in the alveolar lavage fluid (BALF), by induction of xanthine oxidase which becomes maximal at about 8 days after infection while virus yield becomes maximum on day 4.	Superoxides	7-17	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	126-142
9329679-3	1997	Pre-treatment with SOD diminishes the enhancement of vasoconstriction by A beta peptides, suggesting that the effects are partly mediated via a decrease in the nitric oxide/superoxide ratio.	Superoxides	173-183	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	73-79
9280288-5	1997	On the other hand, nitric oxide and superoxide generated concomitantly from 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) did not induce appreciable hemolysis, while it converted hemoglobin to methemoglobin extensively.	Superoxides	36-46	hemoglobin subunit gamma 2	Homo sapiens	179-192
9264504-7	1997	The induction of MCP-1 by cytokines or oxidized lipoproteins was associated with an increased generation of superoxide anion by the SMCs and increased activity of the transcriptional protein nuclear factor-kappaB (NFkappaB).	Superoxides	108-124	C-C motif chemokine 2	Oryctolagus cuniculus	17-22
9073553-4	1997	When peripheral blood monocytes/ macrophages (designated macrophages) of 33 systemic lupus erythematosus patients were incubated with GcMAF (100 pg/ml), the macrophages of all patients were activated as determined by superoxide generation.	Superoxides	217-227	GC vitamin D binding protein	Homo sapiens	134-139
9155653-0	1997	Modulatory effect of interleukin-10 on the production of platelet-activating factor and superoxide anions by human leucocytes.	Superoxides	88-105	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	21-35
9155653-6	1997	Moreover, IL-10 was shown to modulate the production of superoxide anions (O2-) on both MO and PMN.	Superoxides	56-73	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	10-15
9155653-6	1997	Moreover, IL-10 was shown to modulate the production of superoxide anions (O2-) on both MO and PMN.	Superoxides	75-77	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	10-15
9155653-7	1997	As suggested by previous studies, IL-10 inhibited the delayed production of O2-.	Superoxides	76-78	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	34-39
9155653-8	1997	In the present study, we observed that IL-10 directly stimulated an early production of O2-.	Superoxides	88-90	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	39-44
9155653-9	1997	In addition, IL-10 enhanced the synthesis of O2- by MO and PMN challenged with LPS.	Superoxides	45-47	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	13-18
9155653-10	1997	The IL-10-induced O2- production was dependent, at least in part, from its effect on PAF synthesis, as it was inhibited by the PAF receptor antagonist WEB 2170.	Superoxides	18-20	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	4-9
9155653-11	1997	These results suggest that IL-10 may upregulate the early synthesis of PAF and O2- triggered by direct LPS stimulation, whereas it may downregulate the delayed production of these mediators.	Superoxides	79-81	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	27-32
9060453-1	1997	The NADPH oxidase that produces superoxide in professional phagocytic cells is a flavocytochrome b electron transport chain in the membrane, a heterodimer of gp91phox and p22phox, that is activated by a number of cytosolic proteins, including p47phox, p67phox, and the small GTP-binding protein p21rac, which translocate to the membrane and attach to the flavocytochrome on activation.	Superoxides	32-42	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	158-166
9060453-1	1997	The NADPH oxidase that produces superoxide in professional phagocytic cells is a flavocytochrome b electron transport chain in the membrane, a heterodimer of gp91phox and p22phox, that is activated by a number of cytosolic proteins, including p47phox, p67phox, and the small GTP-binding protein p21rac, which translocate to the membrane and attach to the flavocytochrome on activation.	Superoxides	32-42	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	243-250
9032440-1	1997	Flavocytochrome b558 of the NADPH oxidase which generates superoxide in phagocytic cells, is a alpha1 beta1 heterodimer of gp91phox and p22phox, which together form a membrane-spanning electron-transport chain that transfers electrons from NADPH in the cytosol to oxygen.	Superoxides	58-68	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	123-131
9051308-0	1997	Effect of YC-1, an NO-independent, superoxide-sensitive stimulator of soluble guanylyl cyclase, on smooth muscle responsiveness to nitrovasodilators.	Superoxides	35-45	glutathione S-transferase alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	10-14
9071927-8	1997	Isolated cells obtained from the oesophageal mucosa after acidified pepsin exposure generated increased amounts of superoxide anions, which were mainly produced by CD11b positive cells.	Superoxides	115-132	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	164-169
9179619-2	1997	We found that adding increasing amounts of tPA significantly (r = 0.89, P &lt; 0.025) and progressively reduced O2.- generation by neutrophils treated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) in vitro.	Superoxides	112-114	chromosome 20 open reading frame 181	Homo sapiens	43-46
9006364-1	1997	A modified immunoglobulin peroxidase bridge sequence method was used to detect the localization of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), a superoxide radical (O2-) scavenging enzyme locating in mitochondrial matrix, in the vestibular labyrinth of pigmented rats.	Superoxides	141-159	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	99-129
9006364-1	1997	A modified immunoglobulin peroxidase bridge sequence method was used to detect the localization of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), a superoxide radical (O2-) scavenging enzyme locating in mitochondrial matrix, in the vestibular labyrinth of pigmented rats.	Superoxides	141-159	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	131-136
9006364-1	1997	A modified immunoglobulin peroxidase bridge sequence method was used to detect the localization of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), a superoxide radical (O2-) scavenging enzyme locating in mitochondrial matrix, in the vestibular labyrinth of pigmented rats.	Superoxides	161-164	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	99-129
9006364-1	1997	A modified immunoglobulin peroxidase bridge sequence method was used to detect the localization of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), a superoxide radical (O2-) scavenging enzyme locating in mitochondrial matrix, in the vestibular labyrinth of pigmented rats.	Superoxides	161-164	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	131-136
9006364-3	1997	The result provides for the first time direct evidence demonstrating the existence of mitochondrial O2- scavengers in the vestibular labyrinth and illustrates that the specific sites for vestibular MnSOD immunolocalization are the dark cell regions.	Superoxides	100-102	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	198-203
9006364-6	1997	Cell types showing negative MnSOD immunostaining may conceivably be relatively vulnerable to acute O2- damage.	Superoxides	99-101	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	28-33
9452788-3	1997	NAC treatment caused a decrease in the production of superoxide anions by stimulated neutrophils and the improvement of their phagocytic capacity although it did not affect their random or chemotactic migration.	Superoxides	53-70	X-linked Kx blood group	Homo sapiens	0-3
8908479-8	1996	Furthermore, IL-10 inhibited the production of superoxide from PMA-stimulated PMN, suggesting that the detrimental effects of IL-10 on PMN microbicidal activity were due, in part, to suppression of respiratory burst.	Superoxides	47-57	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	13-18
8908479-8	1996	Furthermore, IL-10 inhibited the production of superoxide from PMA-stimulated PMN, suggesting that the detrimental effects of IL-10 on PMN microbicidal activity were due, in part, to suppression of respiratory burst.	Superoxides	47-57	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	126-131
8981022-9	1996	The present results suggest that tyrosinase may utilise O2- to produce melanin and that this process may protect melanocytes from the potentially damaging effects of this ROS.	Superoxides	56-58	tyrosinase	Homo sapiens	33-43
27406415-0	1996	Role of the prosthetic groups of NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase in 3-hydroxyanthranilamide-catalyzed, NADPH-dependent superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	119-135	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	33-64
27406415-1	1996	The role of the prosthetic groups (FAD and FMN) of NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (P450 reductase)in 3-hydroxyanthranilamide (3-OH An.Amide)-catalyzed, NADPH-dependent superoxide anion (O2-) production via the reductase was examined using the native and FMN-depleted preparations of P450 reductase which was partially purified from rat liver microsomes.	Superoxides	169-185	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	51-82
27406415-1	1996	The role of the prosthetic groups (FAD and FMN) of NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (P450 reductase)in 3-hydroxyanthranilamide (3-OH An.Amide)-catalyzed, NADPH-dependent superoxide anion (O2-) production via the reductase was examined using the native and FMN-depleted preparations of P450 reductase which was partially purified from rat liver microsomes.	Superoxides	187-189	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	51-82
8906163-7	1996	Twenty-four hours later, Mn SOD activity declined in anoxic control myocytes (0.38 +/- 0.06 U/mg protein), whereas it increased significantly in myocytes preconditioned with repetitive anoxia (3.25 +/- 0.15 nmol/mg protein) or with exogenous .O2- (2.27 +/- 0.10 nmol/mg protein).	Superoxides	243-245	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	25-31
8791589-4	1996	Superoxide was necessary and sufficient to initiate lesion formation; it accumulated before the onset of cell death and subsequently in live cells adjacent to spreading lsd1 lesions.	Superoxides	0-10	LSD1 zinc finger family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	169-173
8791589-5	1996	Thus, runaway cell death seen in lsd1 plants reflected abnormal accumulation of superoxide and lack of responsiveness to signals derived from it.	Superoxides	80-90	LSD1 zinc finger family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	33-37
8798532-6	1996	Here we report that the complete inhibition of p22(phox) mRNA expression by stable transfection of antisense p22(phox) cDNA into VSMCs results in a decrease in cytochrome b content, which is accompanied by a significant inhibition of angiotensin II-stimulated NADH/NADPH-dependent superoxide production, subsequent hydrogen peroxide production, and [3H]leucine incorporation.	Superoxides	281-291	cytochrome b, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	160-172
8853367-4	1996	Superoxide, generated by xanthine oxidase acting on xanthine in the presence of catalase, also induced dose-dependent dilation of cerebral arterioles that was unaffected by glyburide but inhibited completely by tetraethylammonium chloride, an inhibitor of calcium-activated potassium channels.	Superoxides	0-10	catalase	Felis catus	80-88
8917415-4	1996	The interaction of t-BHP with hemoglobin (Hb) and methemoglobin (MetHb) caused the production of superoxide (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	97-107	hemoglobin subunit gamma 2	Homo sapiens	50-63
8917415-4	1996	The interaction of t-BHP with hemoglobin (Hb) and methemoglobin (MetHb) caused the production of superoxide (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	97-107	hemoglobin subunit gamma 2	Homo sapiens	65-70
8917415-4	1996	The interaction of t-BHP with hemoglobin (Hb) and methemoglobin (MetHb) caused the production of superoxide (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	109-111	hemoglobin subunit gamma 2	Homo sapiens	50-63
8917415-4	1996	The interaction of t-BHP with hemoglobin (Hb) and methemoglobin (MetHb) caused the production of superoxide (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	109-111	hemoglobin subunit gamma 2	Homo sapiens	65-70
8873962-6	1996	In contrast, the combination of xanthine and xanthine oxidase, which generates superoxide anions, failed to stimulate bone resorption, except in the presence of superoxide dismutase (SOD), which resulted in a modest increase in bone resorption to a treated/control ratio of 1.2 +/- 0.05; p &lt; 0.02.	Superoxides	79-96	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	45-61
8794795-3	1996	The superoxide production was measured spectrophotometrically in activated PMNs initially incubated in the presence of IL-4 or IL-10.	Superoxides	4-14	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	127-132
8794795-8	1996	Finally, the superoxide production was inhibited and delayed by the addition of IL-10 (P &lt; 0.01), whereas IL-4 only delayed this parameter.	Superoxides	13-23	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	80-85
8794795-9	1996	In conclusion, apart from the well-known suppressive effect on proinflammatory cytokine production, IL-4 delays and IL-10 inhibits superoxide generation.	Superoxides	131-141	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	116-121
8751892-2	1996	To inhibit superoxide-dependent processes, superoxide dismutase was cross-linked to immunoglobulin G and the conjugate was attached to the surface of S. aureus via protein A in its cell wall.	Superoxides	11-21	AT695_RS09750	Staphylococcus aureus	43-63
8886852-5	1996	The effects of taurine on O2- production was attributed to the in vitro formation of Tau-Cl catalyzed by PMN associated halide-dependent myeloperoxidase.	Superoxides	26-28	myeloperoxidase	Mus musculus	137-152
8644900-6	1996	Furthermore, there was a 1.8-fold increase in hsp70 protein induced by exposure of L. chagasi to superoxide, but this was not associated with an increase in hsp70 RNA.	Superoxides	97-107	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 4	Homo sapiens	46-51
8857670-4	1996	Xanthine oxidase (XO) was used to generate O2.1 and cytotoxicity assessed by measuring cell survival.	Superoxides	43-45	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	0-16
8857670-7	1996	[Nle4, DPhe7]MSH increased tyrosinase activity and melanin content, reduced O2.- concentration and increased the resistance of F10 cells to the cytotoxic effects of O2.-.	Superoxides	76-78	msh homeobox 1	Mus musculus	13-16
8857670-7	1996	[Nle4, DPhe7]MSH increased tyrosinase activity and melanin content, reduced O2.- concentration and increased the resistance of F10 cells to the cytotoxic effects of O2.-.	Superoxides	165-167	msh homeobox 1	Mus musculus	13-16
8857672-6	1996	It has recently been suggested that superoxide anion is a preferential oxygen substrate for human tyrosinase.	Superoxides	36-52	tyrosinase	Homo sapiens	98-108
8600980-14	1996	These results indicate that P-450, and to a lesser extent, cytochrome b5, play a role in the ferritin-dependent increase in formation of reactive oxygen species with either NADPH or NADH, most likely reflecting the requirement of these enzymes for microsomal production of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	273-289	cytochrome b5 type A	Rattus norvegicus	59-72
8653839-8	1996	Myocytes treated with Mn-SOD during short, intermittent anoxia exhibited decreased activity of Mn-SOD and increased O2- production 24 hours later.	Superoxides	116-118	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	22-28
8608807-1	1996	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), like granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimul ating factor (GM-CSF), rapidly primed human monocytes for enhanced release of superoxide (O-2) stimulated by receptor-mediated agonists, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) and concanavalin A (Con A), but not by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), which bypasses the receptors to stimulate the cells.	Superoxides	149-159	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	161-164
8720667-0	1996	LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) and ICAM-1 (CD54) antibodies attenuate superoxide anion release from polymorphonuclear leukocytes in rats with experimental acute pancreatitis.	Superoxides	58-74	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	23-29
8720667-0	1996	LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) and ICAM-1 (CD54) antibodies attenuate superoxide anion release from polymorphonuclear leukocytes in rats with experimental acute pancreatitis.	Superoxides	58-74	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	31-35
8720667-1	1996	The inhibitive effects of anti-CD11a/CD18 (LFA-1) and anti-CD54 (ICAM-1) antibodies on the generation of superoxide anion (O2-) by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) was elucidated in rats induced with experimental acute pancreatitis.	Superoxides	105-121	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	65-71
8868375-6	1995	We have suggested that increased activity of adenosine deaminase in red blood cells of patients suffering from multiple sclerosis after treatment with ACTH is caused by diminution of superoxide generation, and therefore its sparing effect on cell membrane and enzyme is connected with membranes.	Superoxides	183-193	adenosine deaminase	Homo sapiens	45-64
7592750-6	1995	A 4-6-h exposure of the permeabilized cells to orthovanadate, molybdate, and tungstate, but not vanadyl sulfate, results in a ligand-independent activation of Stat1 alpha, which is blocked by the inhibition or depletion of NADPH oxidase activity in the cells, indicating that NADPH oxidase-catalyzed superoxide formation is required for the bioconversion of these metal oxides to the corresponding peroxo-compounds.	Superoxides	300-310	signal transducer and activator of transcription 1	Homo sapiens	159-164
7561019-0	1995	Structure of human phagocyte cytochrome b and its relationship to microbicidal superoxide production.	Superoxides	79-89	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	29-41
7654216-1	1995	Detergent-mediated activation of the phagocyte superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase requires the participation of at least four proteins: the membrane-bound heterodimeric cytochrome b558 and three cytosolic components, p47-phox, p67-phox and a Rac1/Rac2 protein.	Superoxides	47-57	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	170-182
7654216-1	1995	Detergent-mediated activation of the phagocyte superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase requires the participation of at least four proteins: the membrane-bound heterodimeric cytochrome b558 and three cytosolic components, p47-phox, p67-phox and a Rac1/Rac2 protein.	Superoxides	47-57	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	218-226
7654216-1	1995	Detergent-mediated activation of the phagocyte superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase requires the participation of at least four proteins: the membrane-bound heterodimeric cytochrome b558 and three cytosolic components, p47-phox, p67-phox and a Rac1/Rac2 protein.	Superoxides	47-57	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	243-247
8519601-1	1995	Previously employed non-selective protein kinase inhibitors yielded inconclusive results regarding involvement of protein kinase C (PKC) in phosphorylation of 47 kDa protein (p47 phox) in intact neutrophils stimulated with physiologic agonists of superoxide generation.	Superoxides	247-257	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	175-183
7562495-10	1995	In conclusion, the recombinant serine protease inhibitor, LEX032, appears to be an effective agent for attenuating MI/R injury by inhibiting neutrophil-accumulation into the ischemic-reperfused myocardium and by inactivating cytotoxic metabolites (proteases and superoxide radical) released from neutrophils.	Superoxides	262-272	Serine protease inhibitor	Rattus norvegicus	31-56
7662713-11	1995	We therefore propose that superoxide anion (O2- and H2O2 generated by PQ could activate PKC and lead to induction of c-jun gene expression; on the other hand, O2- and .OH might trigger other kinase pathways to elevate ODC activity.	Superoxides	26-42	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	117-122
7775420-4	1995	Compounds that block electron transport at NADH dehydrogenase (rotenone) or between ubiquinone and cytochrome b (antimycin) showed that univalent reduction of O2 can occur at these sites in vivo to form superoxide anion (O2-), in agreement with reports for mammalian mitochondria.	Superoxides	159-161	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	99-111
7775420-4	1995	Compounds that block electron transport at NADH dehydrogenase (rotenone) or between ubiquinone and cytochrome b (antimycin) showed that univalent reduction of O2 can occur at these sites in vivo to form superoxide anion (O2-), in agreement with reports for mammalian mitochondria.	Superoxides	203-219	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	99-111
7775420-4	1995	Compounds that block electron transport at NADH dehydrogenase (rotenone) or between ubiquinone and cytochrome b (antimycin) showed that univalent reduction of O2 can occur at these sites in vivo to form superoxide anion (O2-), in agreement with reports for mammalian mitochondria.	Superoxides	221-223	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	99-111
7775471-4	1995	The present study was undertaken to establish whether this increase in HSP expression was related to O2-.	Superoxides	101-103	heat shock protein 90 beta family member 2, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	71-74
7791334-4	1995	Normal rat PMNs, labeled with 51Cr, were incubated with PAF (10 ng/ml) to induce priming for superoxide (O2-) generation and enhance CD11b expression.	Superoxides	93-103	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	56-59
7791334-4	1995	Normal rat PMNs, labeled with 51Cr, were incubated with PAF (10 ng/ml) to induce priming for superoxide (O2-) generation and enhance CD11b expression.	Superoxides	105-107	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	56-59
7791334-10	1995	These data suggest that PAF priming for O2- generation and increased CD11b expression are insufficient alone to promote PMN sequestration in the lung.	Superoxides	40-42	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	24-27
7738010-3	1995	Rac1 also activates superoxide production by the components (cytochrome b, p40phox, p67phox, and p47phox) of the neutrophil oxidase.	Superoxides	20-30	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
7738010-3	1995	Rac1 also activates superoxide production by the components (cytochrome b, p40phox, p67phox, and p47phox) of the neutrophil oxidase.	Superoxides	20-30	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	61-73
7738010-3	1995	Rac1 also activates superoxide production by the components (cytochrome b, p40phox, p67phox, and p47phox) of the neutrophil oxidase.	Superoxides	20-30	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	97-104
7658912-7	1995	These findings suggested that p47phox phosphorylation was necessary for translocation and superoxide generation in fMLP activated neutrophils, and that p47phox phosphorylation was regulated by a Ca2+ dependent mechanism.	Superoxides	90-100	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	30-37
7811256-5	1994	The spin adducts of superoxide and hydroxyl radical (DMPO-OOH and DMPO-OH, respectively) were generated in the reaction of NCS with the NADPH/cyt P-450 reductase system.	Superoxides	20-30	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	136-141
7982999-2	1994	When the neutrophil NADPH oxidase is activated to generate superoxide, the cytosolic components, p47phox, p67phox, and the GTP-binding protein Rac, become stably associated with the plasma membrane.	Superoxides	59-69	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	97-104
7996422-3	1994	The inhibitory effects of rolipram and zardaverine on superoxide anion generation were increased in the presence of the beta-2 adrenoceptor agonist, albuterol, which itself was an inhibitor of eosinophil respiratory burst (IC50 = 20 microM).	Superoxides	54-70	adrenoceptor beta 2	Homo sapiens	120-139
7982496-0	1994	The functional expression of p47-phox and p67-phox may contribute to the generation of superoxide by an NADPH oxidase-like system in human fibroblasts.	Superoxides	87-97	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	29-37
7982496-8	1994	These data indicate that the expression of p47-phox and p67-phox by human fibroblasts may contribute to the cells" generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	129-139	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	43-51
7961867-2	1994	The small GTP-binding protein (G protein) Rac1 is an obligatory participant in the assembly of the superoxide (O2-.	Superoxides	99-109	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	42-46
7961867-2	1994	The small GTP-binding protein (G protein) Rac1 is an obligatory participant in the assembly of the superoxide (O2-.	Superoxides	111-113	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	42-46
8028050-6	1994	Superoxide production was measured by cytochrome c reduction, PMN-EC adhesion with indium-labelled PMN adherence to human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) monolayer cultures, and CD11B expression with fluorescent labelled anti-CD11B (60.1) antibodies.	Superoxides	0-10	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	234-239
7969813-3	1994	The present study tested the effects of a synthetic, catalytic superoxide radical scavenger (EUK-8) on CA1 pyramidal cell responses elicited by electrical stimulation of the Schaffer-commissural pathway after severe anoxic episodes.	Superoxides	63-81	carbonic anhydrase 1	Homo sapiens	103-106
7975732-8	1994	Scutellarein and nepetin were found to be inhibitors of xanthine oxidase activity, whereas morelloflavone acted as a scavenger of superoxide generated by hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase.	Superoxides	130-140	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	167-183
8202490-3	1994	Here we show that the region of the tandem SH3 domains of p47phox (p47-SH3) expressed as a glutathione S-transferase fusion protein inhibits the superoxide production in a cell-free system, indicating involvement of the domains in the activation.	Superoxides	145-155	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	58-65
7952923-5	1994	Xanthine oxidase (XO), which generates the superoxide anion (O2-), also increased the melanin content of B16 melanoma cells with effects at 3 h and 48 h. As with UVR, the delayed response was accompanied by an increase in tyrosinase activity but no such association was evident at 3 h. In addition, the short-term effect, like that seen with UVR, was reduced with SOD and to a lesser extent with catalase.	Superoxides	43-59	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	0-16
7952923-5	1994	Xanthine oxidase (XO), which generates the superoxide anion (O2-), also increased the melanin content of B16 melanoma cells with effects at 3 h and 48 h. As with UVR, the delayed response was accompanied by an increase in tyrosinase activity but no such association was evident at 3 h. In addition, the short-term effect, like that seen with UVR, was reduced with SOD and to a lesser extent with catalase.	Superoxides	43-59	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	18-20
7952923-5	1994	Xanthine oxidase (XO), which generates the superoxide anion (O2-), also increased the melanin content of B16 melanoma cells with effects at 3 h and 48 h. As with UVR, the delayed response was accompanied by an increase in tyrosinase activity but no such association was evident at 3 h. In addition, the short-term effect, like that seen with UVR, was reduced with SOD and to a lesser extent with catalase.	Superoxides	61-63	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	0-16
7952923-5	1994	Xanthine oxidase (XO), which generates the superoxide anion (O2-), also increased the melanin content of B16 melanoma cells with effects at 3 h and 48 h. As with UVR, the delayed response was accompanied by an increase in tyrosinase activity but no such association was evident at 3 h. In addition, the short-term effect, like that seen with UVR, was reduced with SOD and to a lesser extent with catalase.	Superoxides	61-63	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	18-20
8200975-11	1994	Thus, superoxide-mediated, iron-catalyzed formation of hydroxyl radicals can rapidly and irreversibly inactivate PAF acetylhydrolase.	Superoxides	6-16	phospholipase A2 group VII	Homo sapiens	113-132
7514638-10	1994	Superoxide production induced by human rGM-CSF and PAF was also abolished by the treatment of cells with anti-CD18 mAb.	Superoxides	0-10	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	39-54
7514638-12	1994	These results indicate that CD11b/CD18 (Mac-1)-dependent cellular adhesion plays an important role in the degranulation and superoxide production of eosinophils induced by human rGM-CSF and PAF, and that these mechanisms may be employed in vivo where eosinophils contact with stromal cells and/or proteins.	Superoxides	124-134	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	28-33
7514638-12	1994	These results indicate that CD11b/CD18 (Mac-1)-dependent cellular adhesion plays an important role in the degranulation and superoxide production of eosinophils induced by human rGM-CSF and PAF, and that these mechanisms may be employed in vivo where eosinophils contact with stromal cells and/or proteins.	Superoxides	124-134	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	40-45
7514638-12	1994	These results indicate that CD11b/CD18 (Mac-1)-dependent cellular adhesion plays an important role in the degranulation and superoxide production of eosinophils induced by human rGM-CSF and PAF, and that these mechanisms may be employed in vivo where eosinophils contact with stromal cells and/or proteins.	Superoxides	124-134	colony stimulating factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	178-185
7524120-5	1994	These findings suggest that bradykinin increases intracellular Ca2+ and stimulates the generation of hydroxyl radical-like reactive oxygen species (scavenged by MPG or DMTU) via the cyclooxygenase pathway but not via the reaction of NO and superoxide anion.	Superoxides	240-256	kininogen 1	Bos taurus	28-38
7948767-0	1994	Platelet-activating factor antagonists suppress the generation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and superoxide induced by lipopolysaccharide or phorbol ester in rat liver macrophages.	Superoxides	98-108	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	0-26
7948767-1	1994	Platelet-activating factor (PAF) has been shown to play an important role in the generation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and superoxide in guinea pig peritoneal macrophages.	Superoxides	139-149	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	0-26
7948767-1	1994	Platelet-activating factor (PAF) has been shown to play an important role in the generation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and superoxide in guinea pig peritoneal macrophages.	Superoxides	139-149	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	28-31
8179594-6	1994	These studies support the idea that superoxide anion radical plays a role in the expression of c-fos mRNA.	Superoxides	36-60	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	95-100
8147881-1	1994	The cytosolic 47-kDa protein designated as p47-phox (phagocyte oxidase) is one of the essential components of the superoxide-generating system in phagocytes, and its defect is known to cause chronic granulomatous disease (CGD).	Superoxides	114-124	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	43-51
8141770-3	1994	Activation of superoxide production by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate or formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine in whole cells, and by SDS in the cell-free assay, led to the dissociation of some of the p21rac2 from rhoGDI and its movement to the plasma membrane together with p47phox and p67phox.	Superoxides	14-24	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	275-282
8141770-6	1994	Although the rac/GDI complex could activate the NADPH oxidase in the absence of exogenous GTP, the rate of superoxide production was increased 3-fold by the addition of GTP and was almost completely inhibited by GDP.	Superoxides	107-117	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	13-16
8117710-1	1994	The phagocyte superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase, a multicomponent, membrane-bound electron transport chain, consists of cytochrome b558, p47-phox, p67-phox, and p21rac1 or p21rac2.	Superoxides	14-24	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	122-134
8117710-1	1994	The phagocyte superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase, a multicomponent, membrane-bound electron transport chain, consists of cytochrome b558, p47-phox, p67-phox, and p21rac1 or p21rac2.	Superoxides	14-24	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	139-147
8117710-1	1994	The phagocyte superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase, a multicomponent, membrane-bound electron transport chain, consists of cytochrome b558, p47-phox, p67-phox, and p21rac1 or p21rac2.	Superoxides	14-24	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	163-170
8135544-3	1994	To measure superoxide radicals and related metabolites in normal and pathologic subjects, we have synthesized a cyt c derivative (SMAC) with prolonged half-life in the circulation (T1/2 = 130 min) by conjugating acetylated cyt c with poly(styreneco-maleic acid) butyl ester (SM).	Superoxides	11-21	diablo, IAP-binding mitochondrial protein	Rattus norvegicus	130-134
8135544-6	1994	The rate of SMAC reduction was markedly increased by intravenous administration of menadione, a compound capable of redox cycling and generating superoxide.	Superoxides	145-155	diablo, IAP-binding mitochondrial protein	Rattus norvegicus	12-16
8135544-13	1994	Combined use of SMAC and SM-SOD might permit quantitative studies on the occurrence of ascorbyl and superoxide radicals in the circulation of animals challenged with oxidative stress.	Superoxides	100-119	diablo, IAP-binding mitochondrial protein	Rattus norvegicus	16-20
8133151-2	1994	LPS treatment (600 micrograms/mouse, IP) was associated with a marked induction of the superoxide-generating enzyme xanthine oxidase (XO) in serum and lung.	Superoxides	87-97	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	116-132
8305501-2	1994	Monitoring of cytochrome c reduction revealed that PAF stimulation induced the release of superoxide ions from c-WRT-LR.	Superoxides	90-100	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	51-54
8307196-0	1994	Superoxide production by cytochrome b559.	Superoxides	0-10	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	25-37
8307196-2	1994	Purified cytochrome b559 relipidated with either a mixture of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidic acid or with phosphatidylcholine only exhibits high and low superoxide (O2-) producing ability, respectively, in the absence of cytosolic activators [Koshkin, V. and Pick, E. (1993) FEBS Lett.	Superoxides	159-169	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	9-21
8307196-2	1994	Purified cytochrome b559 relipidated with either a mixture of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidic acid or with phosphatidylcholine only exhibits high and low superoxide (O2-) producing ability, respectively, in the absence of cytosolic activators [Koshkin, V. and Pick, E. (1993) FEBS Lett.	Superoxides	171-173	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	9-21
8307196-6	1994	High affinity binding of FAD to cytochrome b559 relipidated with phosphatidylcholine combined with phosphatidic acid is associated with an enhanced NADPH-driven O2- producing capacity.	Superoxides	161-163	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	32-44
8307196-6	1994	High affinity binding of FAD to cytochrome b559 relipidated with phosphatidylcholine combined with phosphatidic acid is associated with an enhanced NADPH-driven O2- producing capacity.	Superoxides	161-163	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	148-153
8307196-7	1994	A kinetic study of O2- production by cytochrome b559 reflavinated under stoichiometric FAD binding conditions revealed an FAD/heme ratio of 1:2.	Superoxides	19-21	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	37-49
8307196-8	1994	A further kinetic study of O2- production by high- and low-activity relipidated and reflavinated cytochrome b559, at varying substrate concentrations, and the determination of steady-state difference spectra of such preparations, reduced by NADPH, indicated that O2- production is activated by facilitation of electron transfer from NADPH to FAD rather than by an enhancement of NADPH binding.	Superoxides	27-29	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	241-246
8307196-8	1994	A further kinetic study of O2- production by high- and low-activity relipidated and reflavinated cytochrome b559, at varying substrate concentrations, and the determination of steady-state difference spectra of such preparations, reduced by NADPH, indicated that O2- production is activated by facilitation of electron transfer from NADPH to FAD rather than by an enhancement of NADPH binding.	Superoxides	263-265	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	241-246
7909296-7	1994	ICAM-1 levels on AMs in the patient group correlated strongly with the sodium fluoride triggered release of superoxide anion (O2-) but not with the spontaneous secretion of TNF-alpha by AMs.	Superoxides	108-124	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
7909296-7	1994	ICAM-1 levels on AMs in the patient group correlated strongly with the sodium fluoride triggered release of superoxide anion (O2-) but not with the spontaneous secretion of TNF-alpha by AMs.	Superoxides	126-128	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
8298920-6	1993	GM-CSF upregulated macrophage antitumour mechanisms by enhancing the in vivo production of superoxide radicals (mean(s.e.m.)	Superoxides	91-110	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	0-6
8226891-3	1993	In contrast, p47phox phosphorylation, translocation, and superoxide generation were inhibited by a peptide, p47phox(323-332) (AYRRNSVRFL), based on a putative serine phosphorylation domain.	Superoxides	57-67	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	108-115
8219237-1	1993	Stimulation of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) by phorbol esters or formyl peptides (fMLP) generates large quantities of superoxide anion, the so-called respiratory burst (RB), a phenomenon associated with intense phosphorylation of a 47-kD protein (p47 phox).	Superoxides	125-141	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	254-262
8137896-6	1993	Based upon the ability of these retinoids to inhibit the reduction of cytochrome c by superoxide radicals, we propose that retinoids can inhibit and stimulate lipid peroxidation depending upon their concentration by reacting with superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	86-96	Cytochrome c proximal	Drosophila melanogaster	70-82
8137896-6	1993	Based upon the ability of these retinoids to inhibit the reduction of cytochrome c by superoxide radicals, we propose that retinoids can inhibit and stimulate lipid peroxidation depending upon their concentration by reacting with superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	230-240	Cytochrome c proximal	Drosophila melanogaster	70-82
21573453-2	1993	To determine if proliferin gene expression is influenced by reactive oxygen species, superoxide radicals were generated in culture by the xanthine/xanthine oxidase couple.	Superoxides	85-95	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	147-163
8305740-6	1993	The effect of p190 on superoxide (O2-) formation was reversed by the addition of a constitutively GTP-bound Rac2 mutant or Rac1-GTP gamma S but not by RhoA-GTP gamma S. Addition of p190 to an activated oxidase produced no inhibitory effect, suggesting either that p190 no longer has access to Rac in the assembled oxidase or that Rac-GTP is not required for activity once O2- generation has been initiated.	Superoxides	22-32	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	123-127
8305740-6	1993	The effect of p190 on superoxide (O2-) formation was reversed by the addition of a constitutively GTP-bound Rac2 mutant or Rac1-GTP gamma S but not by RhoA-GTP gamma S. Addition of p190 to an activated oxidase produced no inhibitory effect, suggesting either that p190 no longer has access to Rac in the assembled oxidase or that Rac-GTP is not required for activity once O2- generation has been initiated.	Superoxides	34-36	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	123-127
8302731-1	1993	Expression of cytochrome b558, an essential constituent of the superoxide generating system in phagocytes, was demonstrated in B-lymphocytes.	Superoxides	63-73	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	14-26
8234321-2	1993	Superoxide formation was absent in targeted cells after differentiation to granulocytes but was rescued by stable transfection and expression of wild-type gp91phox cDNA.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	155-163
8119254-2	1993	We incubated PMNs isolated from rat peritoneum with a mixture of PCB congeners, Aroclor 1242, in the absence or presence of either phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) to stimulate generation of superoxide anion (O2-) or N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) to induce degranulation (measured as release of beta-glucuronidase).	Superoxides	190-206	pyruvate carboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	65-68
8223583-1	1993	Activation of the superoxide (O2-)-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes requires the interaction of membrane-associated cytochrome b559 with three cytosolic components; p47-phox, p67-phox and sigma 1.	Superoxides	18-28	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	122-134
8223583-1	1993	Activation of the superoxide (O2-)-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes requires the interaction of membrane-associated cytochrome b559 with three cytosolic components; p47-phox, p67-phox and sigma 1.	Superoxides	18-28	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	171-179
8223583-1	1993	Activation of the superoxide (O2-)-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes requires the interaction of membrane-associated cytochrome b559 with three cytosolic components; p47-phox, p67-phox and sigma 1.	Superoxides	30-32	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	122-134
8223583-1	1993	Activation of the superoxide (O2-)-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes requires the interaction of membrane-associated cytochrome b559 with three cytosolic components; p47-phox, p67-phox and sigma 1.	Superoxides	30-32	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	171-179
8223583-11	1993	Monomeric rac1 p21, obtained by these procedures, was able to stimulate cell-free O2- generation.	Superoxides	82-84	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	10-14
8225024-0	1993	Spin trapping of superoxide radicals following stimulation of neutrophils with fMLP is temperature dependent.	Superoxides	17-27	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
8097228-8	1993	Nevertheless, increased CD11b expression was related to an increased capacity to generate superoxide after stimulation with opsonized zymosan.	Superoxides	90-100	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	24-29
8395850-5	1993	The NADPH oxidase of phagocytes, characterized by the presence of FAD and a low potential cytochrome b, is organized to transfer electrons electrogenically across the plasma membrane from NADPH to O2.	Superoxides	197-199	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	90-102
8225036-0	1993	Spin trapping of superoxide from glass adherent polymorphonuclear leukocytes induced by N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine.	Superoxides	17-27	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
8225036-6	1993	In spite of this report, the effect of cell adhesion has been ignored in most spin trapping studies of superoxide release from PMNs.	Superoxides	103-113	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	78-82
8282233-0	1993	Spin trapping study of superoxide production in ferrous ion oxidation.	Superoxides	23-33	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
8282233-5	1993	Another was due to destruction of the spin adduct by superoxide anion (.O2-), because superoxide dismutase (SOD) markedly prevented the decay.	Superoxides	53-69	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	38-42
8380808-1	1993	The neuropeptides neurotensin and neuromedin N (from 10(-12) M to 10(-9) M) have been shown in this study to stimulate significantly in vitro several steps of the phagocytic process: adherence to substrate, chemotaxis, ingestion of inert particles (latex beads) and production of superoxide anion measured by nitroblue tetrazolium reduction in resting peritoneal macrophages from BALB/c mice.	Superoxides	280-296	neurotensin	Mus musculus	18-29
8380808-1	1993	The neuropeptides neurotensin and neuromedin N (from 10(-12) M to 10(-9) M) have been shown in this study to stimulate significantly in vitro several steps of the phagocytic process: adherence to substrate, chemotaxis, ingestion of inert particles (latex beads) and production of superoxide anion measured by nitroblue tetrazolium reduction in resting peritoneal macrophages from BALB/c mice.	Superoxides	280-296	neurotensin	Mus musculus	34-46
1464587-1	1992	rac1 and rac2 p21s are ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins which are implicated in the NADPH oxidase-catalyzed superoxide generation in phagocytes.	Superoxides	115-125	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
1323151-4	1992	Immobilized murine monoclonal antibodies, IgG2a anti-CD3 (OKT3) or IgG1 anti-CD44 also induced superoxide anion and monokine production.	Superoxides	95-111	CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)	Homo sapiens	77-81
16668990-4	1992	An IF/cell combination that gives an incompatible reaction in leaves (race 4 IF and Cf 5 cells) showed reduced oxygen uptake and increases in malonaldehyde (a product of lipid peroxidation); cytochrome c reducing activity, which was inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD) (an assay for superoxide); luminol-dependent chemiluminescence (an assay for several AO species); activity of extracellular peroxidases; and extracellular phenolic compounds.	Superoxides	246-256	cytochrome c	Solanum lycopersicum	191-203
1320299-8	1992	Neutrophil superoxide anion production (O2-) was assessed in a kinetic fashion (in nanomoles per minute) by superoxide dismutase-inhibitable cytochrome C reduction (phorbol myristate acetate stimulation).	Superoxides	11-27	cytochrome c	Sus scrofa	141-153
1620593-1	1992	The mitochondrial enzyme, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is an integral component of the cell"s defense against superoxide-mediated cellular damage.	Superoxides	36-46	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	58-63
1316893-1	1992	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase system in phagocytes consists of at least membrane-associated cytochrome b558 and three cytosolic components named SOCI/NCF-3/sigma 1/C1, SOCII/NCF-1/p47-phox, and SO-CIII/NCF-2/p67-phox.	Superoxides	4-14	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	102-114
1316893-1	1992	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase system in phagocytes consists of at least membrane-associated cytochrome b558 and three cytosolic components named SOCI/NCF-3/sigma 1/C1, SOCII/NCF-1/p47-phox, and SO-CIII/NCF-2/p67-phox.	Superoxides	4-14	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	184-189
1316893-11	1992	These results indicate that the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase system is regulated by both smg GDS and rho GDI through rac2 p21 or the rac2-related small G protein in phagocytes.	Superoxides	32-42	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	96-103
1315736-2	1992	To determine superoxide and other radicals in vivo, a cytochrome c derivative (SMAC) was synthesized by linking 1 mol of poly(styrene-co-maleic acid) butyl ester (SM) to cytochrome c, followed by acetylation of its lysyl amino groups.	Superoxides	13-23	diablo, IAP-binding mitochondrial protein	Rattus norvegicus	79-83
1315736-3	1992	SMAC retained 8 and 80% of cytochrome c activity to react with ascorbyl and superoxide radicals, respectively.	Superoxides	76-86	diablo, IAP-binding mitochondrial protein	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
1315736-8	1992	We have synthesized an SM-conjugated superoxide dismutase (SOD) derivative (SM-SOD) that circulates bound to albumin with a half-life of 6 h. Kinetic analysis revealed that SM-SOD effectively inhibited the superoxide-dependent reduction of SMAC either in the presence or absence of 0.5 mM albumin.	Superoxides	37-47	diablo, IAP-binding mitochondrial protein	Rattus norvegicus	240-244
1315174-2	1992	The O2- generating activity of these defective membranes was reconstituted with the addition of partially purified human neutrophil cytochrome b in a detergent-based, cell-free activation system.	Superoxides	4-6	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	132-144
1568222-1	1992	In HL-60 and ML-3 human myeloid cell lines, gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma) and/or tumor necrosis factor (TNF) induce synergistic accumulation of transcripts of the genes encoding the heavy chain (gp91-phox) of cytochrome b558 and the cytosolic factors p47-phox and p67-phox, components of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase system.	Superoxides	291-301	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	194-203
1319381-7	1992	Translocation of cytochrome b-245, essential for generation of O2-, was not affected by omeprazole.	Superoxides	63-66	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	17-29
1320745-8	1992	Therefore, it is possible to hypothesize that an electron leakage at the level of the auto-oxidizing chain components (i.e., cytochrome b and ubiquinone populations) increases the release of activated oxygen species (superoxide radical, hydroxyl radical).	Superoxides	217-235	cytochrome b, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	125-137
1374234-6	1992	Because oxygen free radicals have been implicated as a major cause of reperfusion damage and the function of MnSOD is to detoxify superoxide anions in the mitochondria, a possible protective mechanism for TNF-alpha may be to induce expression of MnSOD in the heart and thus confer resistance to oxygen free radicals generated during reperfusion.	Superoxides	130-147	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	109-114
1559974-2	1992	Human phagocyte cytochrome b is the terminal component of the microbicidal superoxide generating system.	Superoxides	75-85	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	16-28
1313715-2	1992	One third of CGD patients have an autosomal gene defect resulting in absence of p47phox protein, a cytoplasmic component critical to superoxide production by phagocytic cells.	Superoxides	133-143	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	80-87
1313715-3	1992	cDNA encoding p47phox has been cloned and recombinant p47phox (rp47phox) restores superoxide-generating activity to a cell-free assay containing cell membranes and cytosol from p47phox-deficient CGD neutrophils.	Superoxides	82-92	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	14-21
1313715-3	1992	cDNA encoding p47phox has been cloned and recombinant p47phox (rp47phox) restores superoxide-generating activity to a cell-free assay containing cell membranes and cytosol from p47phox-deficient CGD neutrophils.	Superoxides	82-92	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	54-61
1313715-3	1992	cDNA encoding p47phox has been cloned and recombinant p47phox (rp47phox) restores superoxide-generating activity to a cell-free assay containing cell membranes and cytosol from p47phox-deficient CGD neutrophils.	Superoxides	82-92	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	54-61
1332917-7	1992	These results suggest a possible role for superoxide anion in the establishment of IFN-mediated antiviral effect, especially in the dose-response region in which the inverse relationship between the generation of the IFN-alpha-mediated antiviral state and CuZnSOD activity was observed.	Superoxides	42-58	interferon alpha	Mus musculus	217-226
1309871-1	1992	7-[3-(4-acetyl-3-methoxy-2-propylphenoxy)-propoxy]-3,4-dihydro-8- propyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-carboxylic acid (SC-41930), a leukotriene B4 (LTB4) receptor antagonist with anti-inflammatory activity in animal models of colitis, was evaluated for effects on superoxide, LTB4 and prostaglandin E2 production.	Superoxides	253-263	leukotriene B4 receptor	Homo sapiens	121-151
1309871-1	1992	7-[3-(4-acetyl-3-methoxy-2-propylphenoxy)-propoxy]-3,4-dihydro-8- propyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-carboxylic acid (SC-41930), a leukotriene B4 (LTB4) receptor antagonist with anti-inflammatory activity in animal models of colitis, was evaluated for effects on superoxide, LTB4 and prostaglandin E2 production.	Superoxides	253-263	prostaglandin reductase 1	Cavia porcellus	137-141
21084597-7	2010	Treatment of the EAAC1(-/-) mice with either N-acetyl cysteine or with zinc chelators reduced ischemia-induced zinc translocation, superoxide production, and neuron death.	Superoxides	131-141	solute carrier family 1 (neuronal/epithelial high affinity glutamate transporter, system Xag), member 1	Mus musculus	17-22
20660016-6	2010	We show that reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as H(2)O(2) and superoxide anion (via the xanthine/xanthine oxidase reaction) as well as the FFA palmitate augment TRB3 expression in podocytes.	Superoxides	64-80	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	99-115
20467833-1	2010	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) catalyzes the dismutation of the biologically toxic superoxide anion into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide and is deployed by the immune system to kill invading microorganisms.	Superoxides	79-95	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	22-25
20844008-0	2010	Rac1-dependent intracellular superoxide formation mediates vascular endothelial growth factor-induced placental angiogenesis in vitro.	Superoxides	29-39	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
20844008-4	2010	Intracellular superoxide formation began to significantly increase after 25-30 min of VEGF stimulation, which was mediated by both VEGFR1 and VEGFR2.	Superoxides	14-24	kinase insert domain receptor	Homo sapiens	142-148
20844008-6	2010	In oFAPEC transfected with specific Rac1 small interfering RNA (siRNA, 40 nm), VEGF-induced intracellular superoxide formation was completely abrogated in association with a 78% reduction of endogenous Rac1.	Superoxides	106-116	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	36-40
21120355-9	2010	A significant stimulatory effect of IL-15 on O2- and H2O2 release suggests that fungicidal activity was dependent on the activation of oxidative metabolism.	Superoxides	45-47	interleukin 15	Homo sapiens	36-41
20223106-9	2010	Brain and plasma malondialdehyde, HMGB1, and ICAM-1 were significantly attenuated in the UTI group compared with those in the control group, except for brain HMGB1, which was associated with the amount of O2-  generated during FBI/R.	Superoxides	205-207	high mobility group box 1	Rattus norvegicus	158-163
21253464-7	2010	Other phenotypes identified suggest that AIM45, YGR207c/CIR1 and YOR356w/CIR2 can protect cells from oxidative and heat stress, which encompass increased heat stress sensitivity, superoxide sensitivity, both only on non-fermentable carbon sources.	Superoxides	179-189	putative electron-transferring-flavoprotein dehydrogenase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	73-77
20529851-1	2010	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of resting phagocytes includes cytochrome b(559), a membrane-associated heterodimer composed of two subunits (Nox2 and p22(phox)), and four cytosolic proteins (p47(phox), p67(phox), Rac, and p40(phox)).	Superoxides	4-14	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	79-91
20529851-1	2010	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of resting phagocytes includes cytochrome b(559), a membrane-associated heterodimer composed of two subunits (Nox2 and p22(phox)), and four cytosolic proteins (p47(phox), p67(phox), Rac, and p40(phox)).	Superoxides	4-14	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	158-162
20529851-1	2010	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of resting phagocytes includes cytochrome b(559), a membrane-associated heterodimer composed of two subunits (Nox2 and p22(phox)), and four cytosolic proteins (p47(phox), p67(phox), Rac, and p40(phox)).	Superoxides	4-14	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	230-233
20530481-0	2010	One enzyme, two functions: PON2 prevents mitochondrial superoxide formation and apoptosis independent from its lactonase activity.	Superoxides	55-65	paraoxonase 2	Homo sapiens	27-31
20530481-6	2010	We demonstrate that PON2 indirectly but specifically reduced superoxide release from the inner mitochondrial membrane, irrespective whether resulting from complex I or complex III of the electron transport chain.	Superoxides	61-71	paraoxonase 2	Homo sapiens	20-24
20716294-2	2010	Our studies in endothelium-rubbed bovine pulmonary arteries suggest increased glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase levels (compared to coronary arteries) seem to maintain a tonic peroxide-mediated relaxation removed by hypoxia through NADPH fueling superoxide generation from Nox oxidase.	Superoxides	246-256	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Bos taurus	78-111
20716294-3	2010	The activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, oxidases (i.e., Nox4), and systems metabolizing superoxide and peroxide markedly influence hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV).	Superoxides	101-111	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Bos taurus	18-51
20083360-3	2010	Nox2- and Nox4-dependent NADPH oxidase activity appears to be a major source of this oxidative stress, and oxidants can induce conformational changes in xanthine dehydrogenase, nitric oxide synthase, and the mitochondrial respiratory chain which increase their capacity to generate superoxide as well.	Superoxides	282-292	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	0-4
20171273-3	2010	Here, to further investigate the role of HIPK2 in p53 activation, we started with the finding that HIPK2 inhibition upregulated Nox1, a homolog of the catalytic subunit of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase, involved in tumor progression and ROS production.	Superoxides	176-186	homeodomain interacting protein kinase 2	Homo sapiens	99-104
20512454-10	2010	Obese mice showed increased vascular superoxide production, which was diminished by endothelial denudation, pretreated of the vascular rings with apocynin (an inhibitor of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate [NADPH] oxidase), oxypurinol (an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase), N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (LNAME; an inhibitor of eNOS), or by adding the BH(4) precursor sepiapterin.	Superoxides	37-47	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	270-286
20190037-4	2010	In mouse immune cells, EGCG induces SOCS1 expression via an oxidative (superoxide) pathway and activation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 transcription factor.	Superoxides	71-81	suppressor of cytokine signaling 1	Mus musculus	36-41
20493396-1	2010	Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a primary immunodeficiency disease that is caused by the lack of 1 of 5 subunits of the superoxide-producing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase of neutrophils, macrophages, and eosinophils.	Superoxides	127-137	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	31-34
20089675-8	2010	In cultured proximal tubular cells, TK inhibited angiotensin II-induced superoxide production and NADH oxidase activity via NO formation.	Superoxides	72-82	kallikrein 1-related peptidase C12	Rattus norvegicus	36-38
20214507-6	2010	Plasma and liver high-mobility group box 1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, plasma aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were also suppressed with the suppression of O(2).- generation.	Superoxides	187-191	high mobility group box 1	Rattus norvegicus	17-42
20214507-6	2010	Plasma and liver high-mobility group box 1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, plasma aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were also suppressed with the suppression of O(2).- generation.	Superoxides	187-191	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	44-77
20228280-4	2010	All 3 superoxide detection reagents performed well statistically in terms of IC(50) reproducibility and met a desired Z" value requirement of &gt;0.4.	Superoxides	6-16	paired box 5	Homo sapiens	0-5
20043988-7	2010	In conclusion, H(2)O(2) stimulates NOX2-mediated superoxide generation in neutrophils and K562/NOX2 cells via a signaling pathway involving Ca(2+) influx and c-Abl tyrosine kinase acting upstream of PKCdelta.	Superoxides	49-59	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	35-39
20043988-7	2010	In conclusion, H(2)O(2) stimulates NOX2-mediated superoxide generation in neutrophils and K562/NOX2 cells via a signaling pathway involving Ca(2+) influx and c-Abl tyrosine kinase acting upstream of PKCdelta.	Superoxides	49-59	ABL proto-oncogene 1, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	158-163
19823181-11	2010	CONCLUSION: The demonstration in the current study that adiponectin reverses endothelial dysfunction through increasing NO production by eNOS phosphorylation, and decreasing NO inactivation by blocking superoxide production provides a new direction in the prevention of vascular injury in the obesity population.	Superoxides	202-212	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Rattus norvegicus	56-67
20930427-8	2010	A defect of mitochondrial NDUFV1 may reduce complex I, which produces most of the superoxide, which is then scavenged by the mitochondrial enzyme Mn-superoxide dismutase to produce H(2)O(2).	Superoxides	82-92	NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit V1	Homo sapiens	26-32
19907415-7	2010	AS605240 significantly abrogated myeloperoxidase- or proteinase 3-ANCA-stimulated superoxide production in vitro.	Superoxides	82-92	myeloperoxidase	Mus musculus	33-48
19907415-7	2010	AS605240 significantly abrogated myeloperoxidase- or proteinase 3-ANCA-stimulated superoxide production in vitro.	Superoxides	82-92	proteinase 3	Mus musculus	53-65
21208524-2	2010	Pericytes are known to be susceptible to oxidative stress and selective dropout of pericytes is one of the earliest pathological changes in DR. Extracellular-superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is a major antioxidative enzyme and protects vascular cells from the damaging effects of superoxide.	Superoxides	158-168	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	180-186
19523965-5	2009	Repetitive adult exposure to the NMDA-R antagonist ketamine increases the levels of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 in brain which, through activation of the superoxide-producing enzyme NADPH oxidase (Nox2), leads to the loss of the GABAergic phenotype of PV-interneurons and to decreased inhibitory activity in prefrontal cortex.	Superoxides	169-179	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	212-216
19559404-3	2009	We studied the role of the superoxide-producing nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 2 (NOX2) in rats exposed to social isolation.	Superoxides	27-37	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	48-111
19559404-3	2009	We studied the role of the superoxide-producing nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 2 (NOX2) in rats exposed to social isolation.	Superoxides	27-37	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	113-117
19328559-9	2009	These results confirm the key role of O2- generation in the ROS cascade in PMN and reveal its critical role on MPO inactivation.	Superoxides	38-40	myeloperoxidase	Equus caballus	111-114
19534724-1	2009	Rac1 and Rac2, which belong to the Rho subfamily of Ras-related GTPases, play an essential role in activation of gp91phox/Nox2 (cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide; also known as Cybb), the catalytic core of the superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase in phagocytes.	Superoxides	211-221	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	9-13
19534724-6	2009	Although Rac2, as well as Rac1, is capable of enhancing superoxide production by Nox1 and Nox3, the enhancements by the two GTPases are both independent of the insert region.	Superoxides	56-66	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	9-13
19534724-6	2009	Although Rac2, as well as Rac1, is capable of enhancing superoxide production by Nox1 and Nox3, the enhancements by the two GTPases are both independent of the insert region.	Superoxides	56-66	NADPH oxidase 3	Mus musculus	90-94
19207718-3	2009	The present study tested the hypothesis that a high-cholesterol diet accelerates endothelial dysfunction in Ins2(Akita) mice, a Type 1 diabetic model with a spontaneous autosomal preproinsulin gene (Ins2 gene) mutation, through further increase of superoxide production.	Superoxides	248-258	insulin II	Mus musculus	199-203
19632579-11	2009	Post-C was associated with a significant reduction in tissue injury and superoxide production in LDLR(-/-) and C57bl/6 (p &lt; 0.05), but these effects were not observed in animals fed the high-cholesterol diet.	Superoxides	72-82	low density lipoprotein receptor	Mus musculus	97-101
19528246-2	2009	Depending on availability of substrate and/or necessary co-factors, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) can generate NO and/or superoxide (O(2)(-)).	Superoxides	132-142	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	68-101
19528246-2	2009	Depending on availability of substrate and/or necessary co-factors, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) can generate NO and/or superoxide (O(2)(-)).	Superoxides	132-142	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	103-107
19528246-9	2009	Flow-stimulated, eNOS-derived O(2)(-) levels were higher in arterioles from old SED compared to those from young SED rats.	Superoxides	30-34	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	17-21
19528246-10	2009	Exercise training increased flow-stimulated eNOS-derived O(2)(-) levels in arterioles from young but not old rats.	Superoxides	57-61	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	44-48
19061438-2	2009	With activation, the integral membrane flavocytochrome of Nox 2 transfers an electron from intracellular NADPH to extracellular O(2), generating superoxide anion (O(2)(*-)).	Superoxides	128-132	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	58-63
19061438-2	2009	With activation, the integral membrane flavocytochrome of Nox 2 transfers an electron from intracellular NADPH to extracellular O(2), generating superoxide anion (O(2)(*-)).	Superoxides	145-161	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	58-63
19061438-2	2009	With activation, the integral membrane flavocytochrome of Nox 2 transfers an electron from intracellular NADPH to extracellular O(2), generating superoxide anion (O(2)(*-)).	Superoxides	163-167	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	58-63
19061438-5	2009	Endosomes containing Nox2 and ClC-3 (called signaling endosomes) are composed of internalized plasma membrane and generate O(2)(*-) in the endosomal lumen to initiate signaling at intracellular sites.	Superoxides	123-127	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	21-25
19113817-6	2009	Studies using both Nox2 siRNA and Nox2-knockout primary fibroblasts indicated that Nox2 was critical for TNF-alpha-mediated induction of endosomal superoxide.	Superoxides	147-157	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	34-38
19113817-6	2009	Studies using both Nox2 siRNA and Nox2-knockout primary fibroblasts indicated that Nox2 was critical for TNF-alpha-mediated induction of endosomal superoxide.	Superoxides	147-157	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	34-38
19332555-0	2009	Execution of superoxide-induced cell death by the proapoptotic Bcl-2-related proteins Bid and Bak.	Superoxides	13-23	BCL2 antagonist/killer 1	Homo sapiens	94-97
19332555-6	2009	Together, these studies identify an O(2)(*-)-driven, caspase-initiated apoptotic pathway that selectively involves the Bcl-2 family proteins Bid and Bak.	Superoxides	36-42	BCL2 antagonist/killer 1	Homo sapiens	149-152
19332555-7	2009	This pathway manifests itself during chronic ethanol consumption in aged animals and identifies caspase-2, Bid, and Bak as essential mediators of O(2)(*-)-induced apoptosis that may prove effective targets for the development of therapeutics to treat alcoholic liver disease.	Superoxides	146-154	BCL2 antagonist/killer 1	Homo sapiens	116-119
19558814-0	2009	[Effects of clearance of superoxide anion by catechin on the expression of NO and eNOS and apoptosis in endothelial progenitor cells induced by angiotensin II].	Superoxides	25-41	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	82-86
19558814-1	2009	OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of clearance of superoxide anion by catechin on the expression of nitrogen monoxidum (NO) and endothelial nitricoxide synthase (eNOS) and apoptosis in endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) induced by angiotensin II (Ang II).	Superoxides	50-66	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	128-160
19558814-1	2009	OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of clearance of superoxide anion by catechin on the expression of nitrogen monoxidum (NO) and endothelial nitricoxide synthase (eNOS) and apoptosis in endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) induced by angiotensin II (Ang II).	Superoxides	50-66	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	162-166
19076165-8	2009	These novel findings suggest that superoxide production by mouse trachea is attributed to both Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase and xanthine oxidase.	Superoxides	34-44	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	129-145
19192492-1	2009	Ab intitio molecular dynamics simulation of the electronic structure of the aqueous superoxide anion (O2(-)) has been carried out using the Car-Parrinello density functional theory at 298 and 310 K. The modeling system consists of one O2(-) solvated in 31 water molecules.	Superoxides	84-100	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	102-107
19192492-1	2009	Ab intitio molecular dynamics simulation of the electronic structure of the aqueous superoxide anion (O2(-)) has been carried out using the Car-Parrinello density functional theory at 298 and 310 K. The modeling system consists of one O2(-) solvated in 31 water molecules.	Superoxides	84-100	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	235-240
19057515-6	2009	RESULTS: In the injured artery, superoxide anion production and expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase subunits p47(phox) and Rac-1 were markedly increased, together with expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha.	Superoxides	32-48	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2	Mus musculus	220-250
19057515-6	2009	RESULTS: In the injured artery, superoxide anion production and expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase subunits p47(phox) and Rac-1 were markedly increased, together with expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha.	Superoxides	32-48	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2	Mus musculus	252-257
19019916-6	2009	Challenge with AOPPs triggered cytosolic superoxide generation, resulting in upregulation of fibronectin and collagen IV genes and proteins and overexpression of TGF-beta1 via a PKC-NADPH oxidase-dependent pathway, as these downstream events were blocked by the inhibitors of PKC, inhibitors of NADPH oxidase, or the cytosolic superoxide scavenger.	Superoxides	41-51	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	178-181
19019916-6	2009	Challenge with AOPPs triggered cytosolic superoxide generation, resulting in upregulation of fibronectin and collagen IV genes and proteins and overexpression of TGF-beta1 via a PKC-NADPH oxidase-dependent pathway, as these downstream events were blocked by the inhibitors of PKC, inhibitors of NADPH oxidase, or the cytosolic superoxide scavenger.	Superoxides	327-337	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	178-181
19075096-8	2009	Therefore, we conclude that bradykinin protects endothelial cells from superoxide-induced senescence through bradykinin B2 receptor- and NO-mediated inhibition of DNA damage.	Superoxides	71-81	kininogen 1	Bos taurus	28-38
19075096-8	2009	Therefore, we conclude that bradykinin protects endothelial cells from superoxide-induced senescence through bradykinin B2 receptor- and NO-mediated inhibition of DNA damage.	Superoxides	71-81	kininogen 1	Bos taurus	109-119
18852331-2	2009	Superoxide inhibits glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), which activates major pathways implicated in diabetic complications, including advanced glycation end products (AGEs), protein kinase C, and hexosamine pathway.	Superoxides	0-10	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	20-60
18852331-2	2009	Superoxide inhibits glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), which activates major pathways implicated in diabetic complications, including advanced glycation end products (AGEs), protein kinase C, and hexosamine pathway.	Superoxides	0-10	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	62-67
18852069-2	2009	The association of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), which generates nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion (O2(-)), is a critical mechanism on regulating vessel homeostasis.	Superoxides	134-150	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	54-87
18852069-2	2009	The association of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), which generates nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion (O2(-)), is a critical mechanism on regulating vessel homeostasis.	Superoxides	134-150	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	89-93
18852069-2	2009	The association of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), which generates nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion (O2(-)), is a critical mechanism on regulating vessel homeostasis.	Superoxides	152-154	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	54-87
18852069-2	2009	The association of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), which generates nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion (O2(-)), is a critical mechanism on regulating vessel homeostasis.	Superoxides	152-154	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	89-93
18852069-3	2009	In this study, the role of Hsp90 association with eNOS in the balance of NO and O2(-) was examined in PTE rat model.	Superoxides	80-82	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	50-54
19305493-10	2009	Consequently Lyn(-/-) mice had reduced MCP-1 secretion and resulted in a decrease in superoxide and phagocytosis by AM.	Superoxides	85-95	LYN proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Mus musculus	13-16
19091984-2	2008	We recently showed that ketamine activates the innate immune enzyme NADPH-oxidase in brain, and that the superoxide produced leads to dysfunction of a subset of fast-spiking inhibitory interneurons expressing the calcium-binding protein parvalbumin (PV).	Superoxides	105-115	parvalbumin	Homo sapiens	237-248
19091984-2	2008	We recently showed that ketamine activates the innate immune enzyme NADPH-oxidase in brain, and that the superoxide produced leads to dysfunction of a subset of fast-spiking inhibitory interneurons expressing the calcium-binding protein parvalbumin (PV).	Superoxides	105-115	parvalbumin	Homo sapiens	250-252
19041781-6	2008	Furthermore, we present evidence that astrocytes can activate NOX2 to produce superoxide and that effect can be reversed by antioxidants.	Superoxides	78-88	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	62-66
18849334-9	2008	Inhibition of xanthine oxidase (allopurinol) or NAD(P)H oxidase (apocynin) improved endothelium-dependent dilation and reduced superoxide production in isolated coronary arterioles following I/R.	Superoxides	127-137	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	14-30
18822320-8	2008	Knockdown of RAGE expression using small interfering RNA abolished GA-induced apoptosis, mitochondrial Ca(2+) overload, and superoxide release, demonstrating that RAGE mediates the GA-induced mitochondrial death pathway.	Superoxides	124-134	advanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor	Homo sapiens	13-17
18822320-8	2008	Knockdown of RAGE expression using small interfering RNA abolished GA-induced apoptosis, mitochondrial Ca(2+) overload, and superoxide release, demonstrating that RAGE mediates the GA-induced mitochondrial death pathway.	Superoxides	124-134	advanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor	Homo sapiens	163-167
19038554-8	2008	Activation of eosinophils, assessed as superoxide anion generation, was reduced when eosinophils were treated with supernatants of A549 cells pretreated with CCR3-targeted siRNAs or AS-ODNs.	Superoxides	39-55	C-C motif chemokine receptor 3	Homo sapiens	158-162
18660830-3	2008	The role of Rac(1) in superoxide generation was assessed by overexpressing either the dominant-negative or constitutively active Rac isoforms.	Superoxides	22-32	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	12-18
18660830-3	2008	The role of Rac(1) in superoxide generation was assessed by overexpressing either the dominant-negative or constitutively active Rac isoforms.	Superoxides	22-32	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	12-15
18660830-7	2008	Overexpression of dominant-negative Rac(1) or addition of iloprost, DETA-NONOate or Y27632 completely blocked both superoxide release and PDE5 protein expression and activity.	Superoxides	115-125	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	36-42
18718527-0	2008	Bz-423 superoxide signals apoptosis via selective activation of JNK, Bak, and Bax.	Superoxides	7-17	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	64-67
18718527-0	2008	Bz-423 superoxide signals apoptosis via selective activation of JNK, Bak, and Bax.	Superoxides	7-17	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	78-81
18718527-4	2008	Bz-423-induced superoxide activates cytosolic ASK1 and its release from thioredoxin.	Superoxides	15-25	thioredoxin 1	Mus musculus	72-83
18760347-0	2008	Distinct roles of Nox1 and Nox4 in basal and angiotensin II-stimulated superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production.	Superoxides	71-81	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	18-22
18760347-0	2008	Distinct roles of Nox1 and Nox4 in basal and angiotensin II-stimulated superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production.	Superoxides	71-81	NADPH oxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	27-31
19037590-9	2008	High sodium intake induced superoxide formation in LDLR(-/-) mice on high-fat diet.	Superoxides	27-37	low density lipoprotein receptor	Mus musculus	51-55
18762777-8	2008	Inhibition of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis by kallistatin was associated with increased cardiac nitric oxide (NO) levels and decreased superoxide formation, NADH oxidase activity and p22-phox expression.	Superoxides	139-149	serpin family A member 4	Homo sapiens	50-61
18715945-0	2008	Mitochondrial respiratory enzyme complexes in rostral ventrolateral medulla as cellular targets of nitric oxide and superoxide interaction in the antagonism of antihypertensive action of eNOS transgene.	Superoxides	116-126	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	187-191
18715945-3	2008	Because superoxide anion (O(2)(*-)) level is increased and synthesis or activity of mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) is reduced in RVLM during hypertension, we hypothesized that an interaction between NO and O(2)(*-) in RVLM, using mitochondrial respiratory enzyme complexes (MRC) as the cellular target, contributes to those cardiovascular outcomes after eNOS gene transduction in SHR.	Superoxides	227-231	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	130-134
18715945-7	2008	We conclude that an interactive action between NO and O(2)(*-) on MRC-I in RVLM via formation of peroxynitrite contributes to the unsustained hypotensive effects of NO after overexpression of eNOS in SHR.	Superoxides	54-58	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	192-196
18759927-4	2008	Bam32 and superoxide may fine tune BCR-induced activation by competing for the same limited resources, namely Rac1 and the plasma membrane phospholipid PI(3,4)P(2).	Superoxides	10-20	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	110-114
18471434-1	2008	Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 3 (UCP(3))-mediated uncoupling has been postulated to depend on several factors, including superoxides, free fatty acids (FFAs), and fatty acid hydroperoxides and/or their derivatives.	Superoxides	124-135	uncoupling protein 3	Homo sapiens	0-34
18471434-1	2008	Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 3 (UCP(3))-mediated uncoupling has been postulated to depend on several factors, including superoxides, free fatty acids (FFAs), and fatty acid hydroperoxides and/or their derivatives.	Superoxides	124-135	uncoupling protein 3	Homo sapiens	36-42
18485557-5	2008	Consistently, CAPE reduced hydroxyl radical-induced 2-deoxy-d-ribose degradation by ferric ion-nitrilotriacetic acid and H2O2, and also removed the superoxide anion generated by a xanthine/xanthine oxidase system.	Superoxides	148-164	structural maintenance of chromosomes 2	Homo sapiens	14-18
32688792-1	2008	Respiratory burst oxidase homologues (RBOHs) of the human phagocyte gp91phox gene have been isolated from several plant species and the proteins that they encode have been shown to play important roles in the cellular response to biotic stress via the production of superoxide.	Superoxides	266-276	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	68-76
18398843-1	2008	The NADPH-oxidase 1 (Nox1) is a homolog of gp91phox, the catalytic subunit of the phagocyte superoxide-generating NADPH-oxidase.	Superoxides	92-102	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	43-51
18390927-2	2008	p47phox, a NADPH oxidase cytosolic subunit, is a key protein in the assembly of the NADPH oxidase leading to superoxide generation.	Superoxides	109-119	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-7
18514509-6	2008	Aldosterone dose-dependently increased NOX1 expression and NADPH activity, which subsequently caused superoxide over-production and A7r5 cell hypertrophy.	Superoxides	101-111	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	39-43
18440651-13	2008	In conclusion, IFN-gamma might upregulate ERK, p38, or JNK/ATF-2 phosphorylation induced by GM-CSF or IL-5, leading to enhanced cytokine-induced eosinophil superoxide generation and degranulation.	Superoxides	156-166	activating transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	59-64
18408127-4	2008	The impaired EDV and increased superoxide generation induced by HC were significantly blunted in severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice and CD4+ T lymphocyte-deficient mice.	Superoxides	31-41	CD4 antigen	Mus musculus	145-148
18408127-8	2008	These findings implicate the immune system in the early endothelial cell dysfunction associated with hypercholesterolemia and are consistent with a mechanism of impaired EDV that is mediated by CD4+ T cells and IFN-gamma, acting through the generation of superoxide from vascular NAD(P)H oxidase.	Superoxides	255-265	CD4 antigen	Mus musculus	194-197
18424721-4	2008	Our results show that superoxide levels were significantly increased in a time-dependent manner in blood monocyte-derived macrophages treated with 1 muM As(2)O(3) for 72 h. Concomitantly, As(2)O(3) induced phosphorylation and membrane translocation of the NADPH oxidase subunit p47(phox) and it also increased translocation of Rac1 and p67(phox).	Superoxides	22-32	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	327-331
18424721-4	2008	Our results show that superoxide levels were significantly increased in a time-dependent manner in blood monocyte-derived macrophages treated with 1 muM As(2)O(3) for 72 h. Concomitantly, As(2)O(3) induced phosphorylation and membrane translocation of the NADPH oxidase subunit p47(phox) and it also increased translocation of Rac1 and p67(phox).	Superoxides	22-32	syntaxin binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	336-339
18285659-0	2008	Hyperoxia exposure induced hormesis decreases mitochondrial superoxide radical levels via Ins/IGF-1 signaling pathway in a long-lived age-1 mutant of Caenorhabditis elegans.	Superoxides	60-78	Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase age-1	Caenorhabditis elegans	134-139
18302965-10	2008	In diabetic rats, superoxide generation was significantly attenuated by ANP (to 229+/-78%) or tempol (to 186+/-64%).	Superoxides	18-28	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	72-75
18211809-3	2008	Genetic ablation of Bax/Bak inhibited actinomycin D induced superoxide production and cardiolipin peroxidation.	Superoxides	60-70	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	20-23
18298074-1	2008	The effects of five ginsenosides (G-Rh2, -Rd, -Rb1, -Rb2, -Rh1) isolated from the root of Panax gingseng on stimulus-induced superoxide generation in human neutrophils were evaluated by measuring the reduction of ferricytochrome c. The tyrosyl or serine/threonine phosphorylation of neutrophil proteins and translocation of p47phox, p67phox, and Rac to the plasma membrane were detected using specific monoclonal antibodies.	Superoxides	125-135	RB transcriptional corepressor like 2	Homo sapiens	53-56
18298074-4	2008	G-Rd, -Rb1, and -Rb2 also suppressed AA-induced superoxide generation in high concentrations.	Superoxides	48-58	RB transcriptional corepressor like 2	Homo sapiens	17-20
18160398-8	2008	Collectively, our findings define a VAV1-Rac1-PAK1 signaling axis in mononuclear phagocytes regulating superoxide production in a stimulus-dependent manner.	Superoxides	103-113	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	41-45
18171997-8	2008	Dihydroethidium fluorescence showed that superoxide levels were increased to the same degree in LLC-EGFP and LLC-Cyp4a12 cells after ATP depletion-recovery compared with control cells and that this increase was inhibited by MnTMPyP.	Superoxides	41-51	cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily a, polypeptide 12a	Mus musculus	113-120
18199585-11	2008	The DHFR inhibitor methotrexate impaired myocyte function, NO/O2(-) balance, and rescued Y27632-induced cardiac protection.	Superoxides	62-67	dihydrofolate reductase	Mus musculus	4-8
18096828-6	2008	Reducing superoxide anion by antioxidant seleno-L-methionine or SOD mimetic (MnTBAP) effectively abolished the CRP-induced decrease in cholesterol efflux and the expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1.	Superoxides	9-25	ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	176-181
18160052-5	2008	Transfected kinase-active GFP-c-Abl colocalized with vesicular sites of superoxide production in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner.	Superoxides	72-82	ABL proto-oncogene 1, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	30-35
18250367-2	2008	Studies suggest that c-src activates the reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase/superoxide system, and reactive oxygen species stimulate the RhoA/Rho kinase pathway.	Superoxides	109-119	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	21-26
18250367-8	2008	The interaction between angiotensin II and UK14,304 on superoxide generation and RhoA activation was blocked by inhibitors of phospholipase C (U73312), protein kinase C (GF109203X), c-src (PP1), NADPH oxidase (diphenyleneiodonium), or superoxide (Tempol).	Superoxides	55-65	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	182-187
18068132-6	2008	Rac2-deficient mice had threefold lower production of superoxide compared to controls with similar wounds.	Superoxides	54-64	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	0-4
18055522-7	2008	Allopurinol (xanthine oxidase inhibitor) or stigmatellin [Q(o)-site (oriented toward the intermembrane space) inhibitor of mitochondrial complex III] or simultaneous administration of these two inhibitors significantly reduced superoxide production during ischemia to 80%, 88%, and 72%, respectively, of that measured in the untreated ischemia-reperfusion group.	Superoxides	227-237	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	13-29
18156192-7	2008	The increase in superoxide in response to 20-HETE was prevented by N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, suggesting that uncoupled eNOS is a source of this superoxide.	Superoxides	16-26	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	129-133
18156192-7	2008	The increase in superoxide in response to 20-HETE was prevented by N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, suggesting that uncoupled eNOS is a source of this superoxide.	Superoxides	154-164	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	129-133
17988652-3	2008	PP-6 specifically inhibited fMLP-induced superoxide anion production in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC(50) value of 0.3+/-0.1 microM.	Superoxides	41-57	transmembrane protein 115	Homo sapiens	0-4
17988652-11	2008	Additionally, the inhibiting effect of PP-6 on fMLP-induced superoxide anion was reversed when PP-6 was washed out.	Superoxides	60-76	transmembrane protein 115	Homo sapiens	39-43
17988652-11	2008	Additionally, the inhibiting effect of PP-6 on fMLP-induced superoxide anion was reversed when PP-6 was washed out.	Superoxides	60-76	transmembrane protein 115	Homo sapiens	95-99
18184111-4	2008	Of the several sources of ROS within the cardiovascular system, a family of multisubunit NADPH oxidases appears to be a predominant contributor of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	147-163	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	89-94
17959934-9	2008	Diabetes-induced translocation of PKC, specifically PKC-alpha to renal membranes, was associated with increased NADPH-dependent superoxide production and elevated renal, serum, and urinary vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentrations.	Superoxides	128-138	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	34-37
17959934-9	2008	Diabetes-induced translocation of PKC, specifically PKC-alpha to renal membranes, was associated with increased NADPH-dependent superoxide production and elevated renal, serum, and urinary vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentrations.	Superoxides	128-138	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	52-61
17959934-10	2008	In both diabetic rodents and in AGE-treated mesangial cells, blockade of NADPH oxidase or PKC-alpha attenuated cytosolic superoxide and PKC activation and increased VEGF.	Superoxides	121-131	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	90-99
17959934-10	2008	In both diabetic rodents and in AGE-treated mesangial cells, blockade of NADPH oxidase or PKC-alpha attenuated cytosolic superoxide and PKC activation and increased VEGF.	Superoxides	121-131	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	90-93
17991456-10	2007	Our findings suggest that T1D impairs nNOS-dependent dilatation of cerebral arterioles by a mechanism that appears to be related to the formation of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	149-165	nitric oxide synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	38-42
18004884-1	2007	The heterodimeric, integral membrane protein flavocytochrome b (Cyt b) is the catalytic core of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase and generates superoxide which plays a critical role in host defense.	Superoxides	138-148	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	64-69
18004884-6	2007	Further support that binding of the p47phox SH3 domains modulates the structure of Cyt b was obtained using a cell-free assay system where p47SH3AB enhanced superoxide production in the presence of a p67phox (1-212)-Rac1(Q61L) fusion protein.	Superoxides	157-167	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	36-43
18004884-6	2007	Further support that binding of the p47phox SH3 domains modulates the structure of Cyt b was obtained using a cell-free assay system where p47SH3AB enhanced superoxide production in the presence of a p67phox (1-212)-Rac1(Q61L) fusion protein.	Superoxides	157-167	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	83-88
18073424-1	2007	SOD-1 and SOD-2 detoxify superoxide in the cytoplasm and mitochondria.	Superoxides	25-35	Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Caenorhabditis elegans	0-5
18073424-1	2007	SOD-1 and SOD-2 detoxify superoxide in the cytoplasm and mitochondria.	Superoxides	25-35	Superoxide dismutase [Mn] 1, mitochondrial	Caenorhabditis elegans	10-15
18041653-8	2007	The third aim was to determine if extracellular superoxide anions evoke GP IIb/IIIa activation.	Superoxides	48-65	integrin subunit alpha 2b	Homo sapiens	72-78
17873023-6	2007	With the lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence assay, superoxide anion production in GRO-alpha-treated vessels (50 and 100 ng/ml) was significantly increased by 50 and 86%, respectively, compared with controls (P &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	53-69	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1	Homo sapiens	84-93
17873023-11	2007	Thus GRO-alpha impairs endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in porcine coronary arteries through a mechanism of overproduction of superoxide anion and downregulation of eNOS.	Superoxides	130-146	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1	Homo sapiens	5-14
17854274-0	2007	MKK6 phosphorylation regulates production of superoxide by enhancing Rac GTPase activity.	Superoxides	45-55	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	69-72
17397983-3	2007	Its activation depends on the interaction with cytosolic regulatory proteins (p67-phox, p47-phox, p40-phox and Rac) leading to an electron transfer from NADPH to molecular oxygen and to the release of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	201-218	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	88-96
17583407-1	2007	The superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase gp91(phox)/Nox2 and the non-phagocytic oxidases Nox1 and Nox3 each form a complex in the membrane with p22(phox), which provides both stabilization and a docking site for organizer proteins.	Superoxides	4-14	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	60-64
17443690-6	2007	When eNOS protein expression in endothelial cells was significantly decreased by eNOS siRNA treatment, superoxide generation was significantly higher in the MMECs grown in low glucose, but reduced in those grown in high glucose for 72 h. Thus, exposure of MMECs to high glucose results in increased oxidative stress that is associated with increased eNOS and NADPH oxidase subunit expression, notably p22phox, and decreased expression of SOD1 and 3.	Superoxides	103-113	cytochrome b-245, alpha polypeptide	Mus musculus	401-408
17537988-7	2007	Pharmacological inhibitors of NF-kappaB activation blocked TNF-alpha-induced up-regulation of NCF1, NCF2, and CYBB message, which correlated with a reduction in expression of the corresponding oxidase proteins and decreased O2*- production.	Superoxides	224-227	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	94-98
17537988-7	2007	Pharmacological inhibitors of NF-kappaB activation blocked TNF-alpha-induced up-regulation of NCF1, NCF2, and CYBB message, which correlated with a reduction in expression of the corresponding oxidase proteins and decreased O2*- production.	Superoxides	224-227	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	110-114
17522887-4	2007	Related mRNA-level analysis showed the AtMTM1 gene is induced by paraquat but not by hydrogen peroxide, which indicates that this gene is related to the superoxide scavenger SOD.	Superoxides	153-163	superoxide dismutase SOD2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	174-177
17631528-7	2007	Overexpression of BAP1 or BAP2 with their partner BON1 inhibits PCD induced by pathogens, the proapoptotic gene BAX, and superoxide-generating paraquat in Arabidopsis or Nicotiana benthamiana.	Superoxides	121-131	BON association protein 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	18-22
17764260-4	2007	A comparison of the calculated and experimental spectra reveals that the spectrum of O(2) (-).benzene most likely arises from an isomer where the superoxide molecule binds preferentially to one CH group of benzene.	Superoxides	146-156	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	85-89
17548354-0	2007	Tripartite chimeras comprising functional domains derived from the cytosolic NADPH oxidase components p47phox, p67phox, and Rac1 elicit activator-independent superoxide production by phagocyte membranes: an essential role for anionic membrane phospholipids.	Superoxides	158-168	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	102-109
17548354-0	2007	Tripartite chimeras comprising functional domains derived from the cytosolic NADPH oxidase components p47phox, p67phox, and Rac1 elicit activator-independent superoxide production by phagocyte membranes: an essential role for anionic membrane phospholipids.	Superoxides	158-168	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	124-128
17548354-1	2007	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase is converted to an active state by the assembly of a membrane-localized cytochrome b(559) with three cytosolic components: p47(phox), p67(phox), and GTPase Rac1 or Rac2.	Superoxides	4-14	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	112-124
17548354-1	2007	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase is converted to an active state by the assembly of a membrane-localized cytochrome b(559) with three cytosolic components: p47(phox), p67(phox), and GTPase Rac1 or Rac2.	Superoxides	4-14	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	196-200
17332440-6	2007	Peptidoglycan (PGN) (TLR2 ligand), flagellin (TLR5 ligand), and Imiquimod R837 (TLR7 ligand) could significantly upregulate cell surface expression of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and CD18, and induce the release of IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, growth-related oncogene (GRO)-alpha, and superoxides of eosinophils.	Superoxides	291-302	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	151-191
17603158-8	2007	In addition, AGP significantly suppressed superoxide generation from neutrophils that has been treated with fMLP or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.	Superoxides	42-52	orosomucoid 1	Rattus norvegicus	13-16
17515880-7	2007	Inhibition of superoxide significantly attenuated glucose-induced activation of H-Ras, Raf-1 and p-p38 MAP kinase.	Superoxides	14-24	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	80-85
17515880-7	2007	Inhibition of superoxide significantly attenuated glucose-induced activation of H-Ras, Raf-1 and p-p38 MAP kinase.	Superoxides	14-24	v-raf-leukemia viral oncogene 1	Mus musculus	87-92
17515880-9	2007	CONCLUSIONS: Our results clearly indicate that the activation of H-Ras and its downstream signaling pathway in the retina and its vasculature could be under the control of superoxide, and H-Ras activation in diabetes can be prevented by inhibiting superoxide accumulation.	Superoxides	172-182	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	65-70
17515880-9	2007	CONCLUSIONS: Our results clearly indicate that the activation of H-Ras and its downstream signaling pathway in the retina and its vasculature could be under the control of superoxide, and H-Ras activation in diabetes can be prevented by inhibiting superoxide accumulation.	Superoxides	172-182	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	188-193
17515880-9	2007	CONCLUSIONS: Our results clearly indicate that the activation of H-Ras and its downstream signaling pathway in the retina and its vasculature could be under the control of superoxide, and H-Ras activation in diabetes can be prevented by inhibiting superoxide accumulation.	Superoxides	248-258	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	65-70
17515880-9	2007	CONCLUSIONS: Our results clearly indicate that the activation of H-Ras and its downstream signaling pathway in the retina and its vasculature could be under the control of superoxide, and H-Ras activation in diabetes can be prevented by inhibiting superoxide accumulation.	Superoxides	248-258	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	188-193
17200123-5	2007	Reintroduction of VHL into the VHL-deficient cells down-regulates the expression of p22phox and NADPH-dependent superoxide generation.	Superoxides	112-122	von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor	Mus musculus	18-21
17200123-6	2007	Inhibition of the 26 S proteasome in VHL-expressing cells increased p22phox protein levels, which correlated with an increase of NADPH-dependent superoxide generation.	Superoxides	145-155	von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor	Mus musculus	37-40
17200123-6	2007	Inhibition of the 26 S proteasome in VHL-expressing cells increased p22phox protein levels, which correlated with an increase of NADPH-dependent superoxide generation.	Superoxides	145-155	cytochrome b-245, alpha polypeptide	Mus musculus	68-75
17414223-9	2007	Pitavastatin restores vascular dysfunction by inhibiting NAD(P)H oxidase activity and uncoupled eNOS-dependent O(2)(-) production.	Superoxides	111-115	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	96-100
17275921-3	2007	Superoxide burst in PMN isolated from rats d7 after CCI was elevated by 170% +/-18 compared to naive and MCP-1 mRNA expression in DRG increased by 8.9+/-2.9 fold, but that of MIP-2, CINC-1, and RANTES did not change.	Superoxides	0-10	C-C motif chemokine ligand 5	Rattus norvegicus	194-200
17174341-5	2007	O(2)(-) and Fe(2+) are also cofactors of the enzymes, indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and 3-hydroxyanthranilate-3,4-dioxygenase (3-HAO) respectively.	Superoxides	0-7	3-hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase	Rattus norvegicus	92-129
17389926-6	2007	Further studies revealed that while the number of superoxide anion (O2*-) positive cells was increased following a 7 mJ/cm(2) of UVB irradiation and 5 h of recovery, overexpression of hSelH significantly reduced superoxide production.	Superoxides	50-66	selenoprotein H	Homo sapiens	184-189
17389926-6	2007	Further studies revealed that while the number of superoxide anion (O2*-) positive cells was increased following a 7 mJ/cm(2) of UVB irradiation and 5 h of recovery, overexpression of hSelH significantly reduced superoxide production.	Superoxides	50-60	selenoprotein H	Homo sapiens	184-189
17389926-7	2007	These results suggest that hSelH overexpression protects cells from UVB irradiation-induced cell death by reducing the O2*- formation.	Superoxides	119-122	selenoprotein H	Homo sapiens	27-32
16990613-7	2007	PSDP, but not PSMP, directly inhibits phospholipase D, phosphoinositol-3 kinase, and superoxide anion generation.	Superoxides	85-101	phospholipid phosphatase 6	Homo sapiens	0-4
17212352-7	2007	However, accumulation of these reactive oxygen species also leads to the inactivation of TDO, so that both TDO activation and inactivation proceed with the specific outcome depending greatly on the concentrations of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	216-226	tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase	Homo sapiens	107-110
17212352-6	2007	This consideration is supported by the virtual elimination of the initial lag phase when either pre-incubated tryptophan solution was used as the substrate or a low concentration of superoxide or hydrogen peroxide was incorporated into the freshly tryptophan and TDO mixture.	Superoxides	182-192	tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase	Homo sapiens	263-266
17212352-7	2007	However, accumulation of these reactive oxygen species also leads to the inactivation of TDO, so that both TDO activation and inactivation proceed with the specific outcome depending greatly on the concentrations of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	216-226	tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase	Homo sapiens	89-92
17123468-6	2007	Superoxide generation in cells was strongly potentiated by blocking the quinone site of Complex II with thenoyltrifluoroacetone, supporting the involvement of cytochrome b560 to drive electrons for increasing superoxide.	Superoxides	0-10	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	159-171
17123468-6	2007	Superoxide generation in cells was strongly potentiated by blocking the quinone site of Complex II with thenoyltrifluoroacetone, supporting the involvement of cytochrome b560 to drive electrons for increasing superoxide.	Superoxides	209-219	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	159-171
17575910-1	2007	Superoxide dismutases, both cytosolic Cu, Zn-SOD encoded by SOD1 and mitochondrial Mn-SOD encoded by SOD2, serve Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells for defense against the superoxide radical but the phenotypes of sod1A and sod2delta mutant strains are different.	Superoxides	168-186	superoxide dismutase SOD2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	101-105
17101842-0	2007	Mycophenolate acid inhibits endothelial NAD(P)H oxidase activity and superoxide formation by a Rac1-dependent mechanism.	Superoxides	69-79	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	95-99
18453126-5	2007	In order to address questions concerning the mechanism of superoxide generation by the NADPH oxidase complex, methods are additionally presented for analysis of conformational dynamics of immunoaffinity-purified Cyt b by resonance energy transfer.	Superoxides	58-68	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	212-217
17447855-2	2007	For this purpose, the effect of heating on the activity of xanthine oxidase (XOD) in tumor cells upon their photosensitization with HPD was examined; this enzyme is participated in purine catabolism and has the ability to generate O2-*, a precursor of H2O2 and very cytotoxic hydroxyl radical.	Superoxides	231-235	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	59-75
17447855-2	2007	For this purpose, the effect of heating on the activity of xanthine oxidase (XOD) in tumor cells upon their photosensitization with HPD was examined; this enzyme is participated in purine catabolism and has the ability to generate O2-*, a precursor of H2O2 and very cytotoxic hydroxyl radical.	Superoxides	231-235	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	77-80
17447855-6	2007	Experiments showed that the intensification of O2-* formation could be mediated by the stimulatory effects of heating on the activity of XOD; namely, the 12 min treatment of EAC cells by HPD-PDT at a control (30 degrees C) temperature caused an about 2-fold growth in the activity of XOD, whereas the same light exposure at 44 degrees C led already to a 2.7-fold increase in the activity of this enzyme.	Superoxides	47-49	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	137-140
17447855-6	2007	Experiments showed that the intensification of O2-* formation could be mediated by the stimulatory effects of heating on the activity of XOD; namely, the 12 min treatment of EAC cells by HPD-PDT at a control (30 degrees C) temperature caused an about 2-fold growth in the activity of XOD, whereas the same light exposure at 44 degrees C led already to a 2.7-fold increase in the activity of this enzyme.	Superoxides	47-49	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	284-287
17114277-3	2007	Superoxide production was localized near nectary pores and inhibited by diphenylene iodonium but not by cyanide or azide, suggesting that NAD(P)H oxidase is the source of superoxide.	Superoxides	0-10	respiratory burst oxidase homolog protein C-like	Nicotiana tabacum	138-153
1541852-1	1992	We studied the effect of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Mn-SOD, which are specific scavenging enzymes of the superoxide anion radical, on ovulation and examined the localization of SOD in rat ovaries.	Superoxides	115-139	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	62-68
17666049-3	2007	LPS/IFN-gamma also promotes an early release of superoxide, via activation of NADPH oxidase, but the generation of peroxynitrite (ONOO-) is prevented by the different timing of superoxide (minutes) and NO (hours) formation.	Superoxides	177-187	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	4-13
17880563-7	2007	The superoxide-producing activity in those cells expressing p22phox with the T allele was not significantly different from that in cells expressing p22phox with the C allele.	Superoxides	4-14	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	60-67
17822438-8	2007	These results indicate that superoxide production in vascular smooth muscle cells is regulated by the ATF-1-MEF2B cascade by induction of the expression of the NOX1 gene.	Superoxides	28-38	activating transcription factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	102-107
17679649-1	2007	Our previous studies suggest that heme oxygenase (HO)-1 induction and/or subsequent bilirubin generation in endothelial cells may suppress superoxide generation of from reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase.	Superoxides	139-149	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	34-55
17586717-2	2007	Here, we show that Hsf1 activates the transcription of various target genes when cells are treated with oxidizing reagents, including the superoxide anion generators menadione and KO(2) and the thiol oxidants diamide and 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB).	Superoxides	138-154	stress-responsive transcription factor HSF1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	19-23
17586717-6	2007	These results demonstrate that Hsf1 is a member of the oxidative stress-responsive activators and that PKA is a general negative regulator in the superoxide anion response.	Superoxides	146-162	stress-responsive transcription factor HSF1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	31-35
17635749-6	2007	Superoxide production rapidly increased after 2 h and remained at a high level for 24 h. Scavenging O(2) (-) reversed transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1) and fibronectin mRNA level.	Superoxides	0-10	fibronectin 1	Rattus norvegicus	168-179
17635749-6	2007	Superoxide production rapidly increased after 2 h and remained at a high level for 24 h. Scavenging O(2) (-) reversed transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1) and fibronectin mRNA level.	Superoxides	100-104	fibronectin 1	Rattus norvegicus	168-179
17538186-1	2007	Previous study has demonstrated that superoxide and the related products are involved in mediating the effect of low K intake on renal K secretion and ROMK channel activity in the cortical collecting duct (CCD).	Superoxides	37-47	potassium inwardly-rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 1	Mus musculus	151-155
17538186-4	2007	In contrast, tempol treatment in WT mice abolished whereas deletion of gp91 significantly attenuated the effect of low K intake on superoxide production, c-Jun phosphorylation, c-Src expression, and tyrosine phosphorylation of ROMK.	Superoxides	131-141	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	71-75
17563559-2	2007	The C242T polymorphism of the CYBA gene that encodes p22phox, a component of NADPH oxidase, has been found to modulate superoxide production.	Superoxides	119-129	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	30-34
1887819-2	1991	Catalase disproportionates hydrogen peroxide, and SOD is an oxidoreductase that serves to dismutate the superoxide anion.	Superoxides	104-120	catalase	Gallus gallus	0-8
1649410-0	1991	Differential inhibition and potentiation of chemoattractant-induced superoxide formation in human neutrophils by the cell-permeant analogue of cyclic GMP, N2,2"-O-dibutyryl guanosine 3":5"-cyclic monophosphate.	Superoxides	68-78	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II	Homo sapiens	150-153
1847135-0	1991	The membrane-associated component of the amphiphile-activated, cytosol-dependent superoxide-forming NADPH oxidase of macrophages is identical to cytochrome b559.	Superoxides	81-91	cytochrome b	Cavia porcellus	145-157
1645316-0	1991	Differential regulation of chemoattractant-induced superoxide formation in human neutrophils by cell-permeant analogues of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP.	Superoxides	51-61	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II	Homo sapiens	145-148
1846547-5	1991	Since superoxide anion is known to destroy EDRF and nitric oxide (NO) (which is similar or identical to EDRF in composition), we tested for superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) in single lots of eight commercial sources of adenosine deaminase by measuring inhibition of the superoxide-mediated reduction of cytochrome c. SOD activity was found in all sources of adenosine deaminase, but varied widely.	Superoxides	6-22	adenosine deaminase	Rattus norvegicus	226-245
1846547-5	1991	Since superoxide anion is known to destroy EDRF and nitric oxide (NO) (which is similar or identical to EDRF in composition), we tested for superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) in single lots of eight commercial sources of adenosine deaminase by measuring inhibition of the superoxide-mediated reduction of cytochrome c. SOD activity was found in all sources of adenosine deaminase, but varied widely.	Superoxides	6-22	adenosine deaminase	Rattus norvegicus	365-384
2170520-9	1990	Small amounts of both subunits of cytochrome b558 were detected in uninduced HL-60 membranes, but were sufficient to support substantial superoxide production when combined with normal neutrophil cytosol.	Superoxides	137-147	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	34-46
2198957-5	1990	In addition, rGM-CSF stimulated circulating monocytes as evidenced by an increase in superoxide anion production and expression of surface HLA-DR antigen.	Superoxides	85-101	colony stimulating factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	13-20
2380580-1	1990	The effects of a single exposure to UVB radiation on skin antioxidant enzymes and superoxide-generating xanthine oxidase were examined in Skh:HR-1 hairless mice.	Superoxides	82-92	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	104-120
2139103-6	1990	This deficiency correlates with the limited capacity of Fc gamma RIII on neutrophils to mediate superoxide generation and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and it may be related to the unique structural features of Fc gamma RIII.	Superoxides	96-106	Fc gamma receptor IIIa	Homo sapiens	56-69
2178703-4	1990	Peritoneal neutrophils isolated from mice treated with rGM-CSF exhibited primed superoxide generation (O2-) after in vitro stimulation with suboptimal concentrations of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), as compared with control mice (treated with diluent).	Superoxides	80-90	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	59-62
2178703-4	1990	Peritoneal neutrophils isolated from mice treated with rGM-CSF exhibited primed superoxide generation (O2-) after in vitro stimulation with suboptimal concentrations of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), as compared with control mice (treated with diluent).	Superoxides	103-106	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	59-62
2154454-0	1990	Spin trapping evidence for the lack of significant hydroxyl radical production during the respiration burst of human phagocytes using a spin adduct resistant to superoxide-mediated destruction.	Superoxides	161-171	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
2154454-0	1990	Spin trapping evidence for the lack of significant hydroxyl radical production during the respiration burst of human phagocytes using a spin adduct resistant to superoxide-mediated destruction.	Superoxides	161-171	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	136-140
2154454-2	1990	Recent reports that 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide spin adducts are unstable in the presence of superoxide-generating systems such as stimulated neutrophils has raised concerns regarding the sensitivity of spin trapping techniques for assessment of phagocyte free radical formation.	Superoxides	98-108	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	208-212
2306629-3	1990	In addition, crude CSF-1 increased lysosomal enzyme activity and superoxide anion formation of microglia up to 2 and 3.8 fold as control value, respectively.	Superoxides	65-81	colony stimulating factor 1 (macrophage)	Mus musculus	19-24
33805516-0	2021	Xanthine Oxidoreductase-Mediated Superoxide Production Is Not Involved in the Age-Related Pathologies in Sod1-Deficient Mice.	Superoxides	33-43	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	0-23
33805879-7	2021	Malondialdehyde content was significantly lower in arf4 mutants than in wildtype plants under water stress; furthermore, arf4 mutants showed higher content of antioxidant substances, superoxide dismutase, actual photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (PSII), and catalase activities.	Superoxides	183-193	auxin response factor 4	Solanum lycopersicum	121-125
17114277-3	2007	Superoxide production was localized near nectary pores and inhibited by diphenylene iodonium but not by cyanide or azide, suggesting that NAD(P)H oxidase is the source of superoxide.	Superoxides	171-181	respiratory burst oxidase homolog protein C-like	Nicotiana tabacum	138-153
17114277-5	2007	These results confirm that the production of superoxide was due to an NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	45-55	respiratory burst oxidase homolog protein C-like	Nicotiana tabacum	70-83
17114277-7	2007	Temporal expression patterns demonstrated that the superoxide production (NADPH oxidase activity) was coordinated with nectar secretion, the expression of Nectarin I (a superoxide dismutase in nectar), and the expression of NOX1, a putative gene for a nectary NADPH oxidase that was cloned from nectaries and identified as an rbohD-like NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	51-61	respiratory burst oxidase homolog protein C-like	Nicotiana tabacum	74-87
17114277-7	2007	Temporal expression patterns demonstrated that the superoxide production (NADPH oxidase activity) was coordinated with nectar secretion, the expression of Nectarin I (a superoxide dismutase in nectar), and the expression of NOX1, a putative gene for a nectary NADPH oxidase that was cloned from nectaries and identified as an rbohD-like NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	51-61	respiratory burst oxidase homolog protein C-like	Nicotiana tabacum	260-273
17114277-7	2007	Temporal expression patterns demonstrated that the superoxide production (NADPH oxidase activity) was coordinated with nectar secretion, the expression of Nectarin I (a superoxide dismutase in nectar), and the expression of NOX1, a putative gene for a nectary NADPH oxidase that was cloned from nectaries and identified as an rbohD-like NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	51-61	respiratory burst oxidase homolog protein C-like	Nicotiana tabacum	260-273
17114277-8	2007	Further, in situ hybridization studies indicated that the NADPH oxidase was expressed in the early stages of flower development although superoxide was generated at later stages (after Stage 10), implicating posttranslational regulation of the NADPH oxidase in the nectary.	Superoxides	137-147	respiratory burst oxidase homolog protein C-like	Nicotiana tabacum	244-257
17177504-4	2006	The 4"-OH in the B ring was suggested to be important for reducing xanthing/xanthine oxidase-generated superoxide; while an additional OH moiety on the ortho sites (3" or 5") attenuated the effect as the observed inhibitory potency was K approximately equals MO &gt; Q &gt; F &gt; MY.	Superoxides	103-113	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	76-92
16626305-14	2006	Taken together, these results indicate that Hcy-stimulated superoxide anion production in monocytes is regulated through PKC-dependent phosphorylation of p47phox and p67phox subunits of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	59-75	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	154-161
16762923-5	2006	Superoxide production in Nox1-expressing HeLa and Caco-2 cells is decreased by depletion or sequestration of Rac; on the other hand, it is enhanced by expression of the constitutively active Rac1(Q61L), but not by that of a mutant Rac1 with the A27K substitution, deficient in binding to Noxa1.	Superoxides	0-10	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	191-195
16762923-5	2006	Superoxide production in Nox1-expressing HeLa and Caco-2 cells is decreased by depletion or sequestration of Rac; on the other hand, it is enhanced by expression of the constitutively active Rac1(Q61L), but not by that of a mutant Rac1 with the A27K substitution, deficient in binding to Noxa1.	Superoxides	0-10	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	231-235
16840738-6	2006	Gene transfer of ecSOD restored responses to acetylcholine (92 +/- 2% relaxation) and basal levels of NO to normal and reduced levels of superoxide [from 2.3 +/- 0.2 to 0.9 +/- 0.2 relative light units per second per millimeter squared (RLU x s(-1) x mm(-2))] and peroxynitrite (from 2.4 +/- 0.2 to 0.9 +/- 0.1 RLU x s(-1) x mm(-2)) in the aorta from rats with heart failure.	Superoxides	137-147	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	17-22
16911517-3	2006	The Noxo1gamma protein contains an additional five amino acids in the N-terminal PX domain, a phosphoinositide-binding module; the domain plays an essential role in supporting superoxide production by NADPH oxidase (Nox) family oxidases including Nox1, gp91(phox)/Nox2, and Nox3, as shown in this study.	Superoxides	176-186	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	264-268
16911517-7	2006	The effect of the five-amino-acid insertion in the Noxo1 PX domain appears to depend on the type of Nox; in activation of gp91(phox)/Nox2, Noxo1gamma is less active than Noxo1beta even in the presence of PMA, whereas Noxo1gamma and Noxo1beta support the superoxide-producing activity of Nox3 to the same extent in a manner independent of cell stimulation.	Superoxides	254-264	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	133-137
16828794-0	2006	Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-derived NADPH fuels superoxide production in the failing heart.	Superoxides	54-64	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Canis lupus familiaris	0-33
16828794-3	2006	Therefore, we hypothesized that cardiac G6PD activation drives part of the excessive superoxide production implicated in the pathogenesis of heart failure.	Superoxides	85-95	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Canis lupus familiaris	40-44
16828794-10	2006	G6PD was upregulated and its activity higher in heart failure compared to control (0.61 +/- 0.10 vs. 0.24 +/- 0.03 nmol/min/mg protein, P &lt; 0.05), while superoxide production decreased to normal levels in the presence of the G6PD inhibitor 6-aminonicotinamide.	Superoxides	156-166	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Canis lupus familiaris	0-4
16861386-3	2006	miR398 targets two closely related Cu/Zn superoxide dismutases (cytosolic CSD1 and chloroplastic CSD2) that can detoxify superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	41-51	copper/zinc superoxide dismutase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	97-101
16543474-0	2006	FcgammaR-induced production of superoxide and inflammatory cytokines is differentially regulated by SHIP through its influence on PI3K and/or Ras/Erk pathways.	Superoxides	31-41	inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase D	Homo sapiens	100-104
16543474-4	2006	Here, we have examined the role of SHIP in FcgammaR-induced production of superoxide and inflammatory cytokines.	Superoxides	74-84	inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase D	Homo sapiens	35-39
16543474-6	2006	Analysis of the molecular mechanism revealed that SHIP regulates upstream Rac-GTP binding, an obligatory event for superoxide production.	Superoxides	115-125	inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase D	Homo sapiens	50-54
16204406-3	2006	Because low K intake increases superoxide levels (2), the possibility that increases in superoxide anions may be responsible for the effect of low K intake on the expression of PI3K is supported by finding that addition of H(2)O(2) stimulates the expression of p110alpha in M1 cells.	Superoxides	88-105	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	261-270
16532385-6	2006	Decreased p47(phox) protein levels, decreased superoxide anion production, and lower protein nitrotyrosination were all observed in cell lines from patients hemizygous at NCF1.	Superoxides	46-62	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	171-175
16162660-2	2006	We report that interferon (IFN)-gamma, a crucial transactivator of the gp91(phox) gene, also stimulates expression of Nox1 mRNA and protein in large intestinal epithelium (T84 cells), leading to fourfold upregulation of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) generation.	Superoxides	220-236	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	71-81
16162660-2	2006	We report that interferon (IFN)-gamma, a crucial transactivator of the gp91(phox) gene, also stimulates expression of Nox1 mRNA and protein in large intestinal epithelium (T84 cells), leading to fourfold upregulation of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) generation.	Superoxides	238-242	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	71-81
16400006-4	2006	Superoxide anions and H(2)O(2) increased mRNA and protein expression of GAS5 (growth arrest-specific protein 5) and CHOP (C/EBP homology protein).	Superoxides	0-17	growth arrest specific 5	Homo sapiens	72-76
16400006-4	2006	Superoxide anions and H(2)O(2) increased mRNA and protein expression of GAS5 (growth arrest-specific protein 5) and CHOP (C/EBP homology protein).	Superoxides	0-17	growth arrest specific 5	Homo sapiens	78-110
16845898-7	2006	Addition of folic acid (200 ng/mL) to the culture medium abolished NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide anion generation in macrophages by preventing phosphorylation of p47phox subunit.	Superoxides	91-107	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	167-174
16563235-7	2006	In contrast, upregulation of Nox2 appeared to mediate the enhanced superoxide production by TNF-alpha in HEK293 cells.	Superoxides	67-77	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	29-33
16472678-1	2006	The membrane-integrated protein gp91phox functions as the catalytic center of the superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	82-92	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	32-40
16472678-5	2006	For example, an oxidase activator (p47phox or Noxo1) and an oxidase activator (p67phox or Noxa1) are absolutely required for superoxide production by gp91phox and Nox1, but not by Nox3.	Superoxides	125-135	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	35-42
16472678-5	2006	For example, an oxidase activator (p47phox or Noxo1) and an oxidase activator (p67phox or Noxa1) are absolutely required for superoxide production by gp91phox and Nox1, but not by Nox3.	Superoxides	125-135	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	150-158
16354686-6	2006	Small interfering RNAs to either MyD88 or Rac1 inhibited IL-1beta induction of endosomal superoxide and NF-kappaB activation.	Superoxides	89-99	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	42-46
16287844-5	2005	Our results suggest that the MEC1 pathway in sod1Delta mutant strains is sensitive to the altered cellular redox state due to increased superoxide anions and establish a new relationship between SOD1, LYS7, and the MEC1-mediated checkpoint response to replication arrest and DNA damage in S. cerevisiae.	Superoxides	136-153	protein kinase MEC1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	29-33
16195479-9	2005	The modulation of superoxide release coincided with decreased expression of ecSOD and MnSOD and upregulation of the p22phox and p67phox subunits of the NADPH oxidase complex in progesterone-treated animals.	Superoxides	18-28	cytochrome b-245, alpha polypeptide	Mus musculus	116-123
16195479-9	2005	The modulation of superoxide release coincided with decreased expression of ecSOD and MnSOD and upregulation of the p22phox and p67phox subunits of the NADPH oxidase complex in progesterone-treated animals.	Superoxides	18-28	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Mus musculus	128-135
15942049-2	2005	We hypothesize that ANG II stimulation of NAD(P)H oxidases leads to the formation of superoxide anion (O(2)-*, which, in turn, activates ADPR cyclase.	Superoxides	85-101	angiogenin	Rattus norvegicus	20-23
15942049-2	2005	We hypothesize that ANG II stimulation of NAD(P)H oxidases leads to the formation of superoxide anion (O(2)-*, which, in turn, activates ADPR cyclase.	Superoxides	103-107	angiogenin	Rattus norvegicus	20-23
16137784-2	2005	We found that the CA1 region of hippocampus explants, cultured under normal conditions, had significantly higher superoxide levels and expressed both anti-oxidant genes and genes related to the generation of reactive oxygen species at significantly higher levels than the CA3.	Superoxides	113-123	carbonic anhydrase 1	Homo sapiens	18-21
16151022-5	2005	DPI or antisense p22phox or p47phox oligonucleotide treatment also attenuated the AT1 receptor-dependent increase in O2*- production in the ventrolateral medulla elicited by Ang II at the RVLM.	Superoxides	117-121	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	28-35
15994299-1	2005	The integral membrane protein p22phox is an indispensable component of the superoxide-generating phagocyte NADPH oxidase, whose catalytic core is the membrane-associated gp91phox (also known as Nox2).	Superoxides	75-85	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	170-178
15994299-1	2005	The integral membrane protein p22phox is an indispensable component of the superoxide-generating phagocyte NADPH oxidase, whose catalytic core is the membrane-associated gp91phox (also known as Nox2).	Superoxides	75-85	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	194-198
15886273-10	2005	The protective effects of kallikrein were accompanied by increased urinary nitrate/nitrite and cGMP levels, and suppression of superoxide formation.	Superoxides	127-137	kallikrein related peptidase 4	Homo sapiens	26-36
15908460-3	2005	The RhoA/Rho kinase pathway partially mediates ET-1-induced contraction and recently was implicated in superoxide-induced contraction.	Superoxides	103-113	ras homolog family member A	Rattus norvegicus	4-8
15847608-3	2005	Considering that HIV-1 Nef protein plays a primary role in AIDS pathogenesis, by affecting the immune system, we sought to dissect possible effects of Nef on the release of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	173-190	Nef	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	23-26
15847608-3	2005	Considering that HIV-1 Nef protein plays a primary role in AIDS pathogenesis, by affecting the immune system, we sought to dissect possible effects of Nef on the release of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	173-190	Nef	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	151-154
16026774-8	2005	Therefore, it is concluded that PHCR plays a critical role in superoxide formation through redox cycling of PQ.	Superoxides	62-72	dehydrogenase/reductase SDR family member 4	Sus scrofa	32-36
16001080-5	2005	AIF knockdown in different carcinoma cell types resulted in lower superoxide levels, enhanced apoptosis sensitivity and loss of tumorigenicity.	Superoxides	66-76	apoptosis-inducing factor, mitochondrion-associated 1	Mus musculus	0-3
15935692-8	2005	In addition, IL-15 enhanced PMNL oxidative respiratory burst evaluated as superoxide anion production in response to S. prolificans but not to the other fungi after 2 h incubation.	Superoxides	74-90	interleukin 15	Homo sapiens	13-18
15976863-0	2005	Spin trapping of superoxide by diester-nitrones.	Superoxides	17-27	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
15976863-2	2005	The kinetic aspects of the superoxide detection by this new spin trap and by two other diester-nitrones, i.e. 2,2-diethoxycarbonyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-1-oxide (DEPO) and N-benzylidene-1,1-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)ethylamine N-oxide (DEEPN), were examined by determining the rate constants for the trapping reaction and for the spin adduct decay at pH 7.2.	Superoxides	27-37	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	60-64
15976863-2	2005	The kinetic aspects of the superoxide detection by this new spin trap and by two other diester-nitrones, i.e. 2,2-diethoxycarbonyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-1-oxide (DEPO) and N-benzylidene-1,1-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)ethylamine N-oxide (DEEPN), were examined by determining the rate constants for the trapping reaction and for the spin adduct decay at pH 7.2.	Superoxides	27-37	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	324-328
15976863-3	2005	Comparing the results obtained to those given by analogous monoester-nitrones showed that both the spin trapping and the adduct decay reactions were faster in the presence of a second ester group in the cyclic nitrone series, while the superoxide trapping capacities of linear diester-nitrones were found to be dramatically weak.	Superoxides	236-246	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	99-103
15955119-8	2005	The increased amount of superoxide anion released from macrophages in Gp DM and Gp DMLN was restored by apocynin.	Superoxides	24-40	glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2	Rattus norvegicus	70-75
15824103-0	2005	The NADPH oxidase Nox3 constitutively produces superoxide in a p22phox-dependent manner: its regulation by oxidase organizers and activators.	Superoxides	47-57	NADPH oxidase 3	Mus musculus	18-22
15824103-0	2005	The NADPH oxidase Nox3 constitutively produces superoxide in a p22phox-dependent manner: its regulation by oxidase organizers and activators.	Superoxides	47-57	cytochrome b-245, alpha polypeptide	Mus musculus	63-70
15824103-1	2005	Nox3, a member of the superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase (Nox) family, participates in otoconia formation in mouse inner ears, which is required for perception of balance and gravity.	Superoxides	22-32	NADPH oxidase 3	Mus musculus	0-4
15917191-3	2005	In this study we found that peroxynitrite, a physiological oxidant formed by the fast radical-radical reaction between the nitric oxide and the superoxide anion, induced tyrosine phosphorylation of the serine/threonine protein phosphatase 1alpha (PP1alpha) in human erythrocytes through activation of src family kinases.	Superoxides	144-160	protein phosphatase, Mg2+/Mn2+ dependent 1A	Homo sapiens	219-245
15806113-0	2005	Artocarpol A stimulation of superoxide anion generation in neutrophils involved the activation of PLC, PKC and p38 mitogen-activated PK signaling pathways.	Superoxides	28-44	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	103-106
15806113-12	2005	7 These results indicate that the ART stimulation of superoxide anion generation involved the activation of p38 MAPK, PLC/Ca2+, and PKC signaling pathways in rat neutrophils.	Superoxides	53-69	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	132-135
15731115-1	2005	It has been established that reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as H2O2 or superoxide anion is involved in bone loss-related diseases by stimulating osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption and that receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL) is a critical osteoclastogenic factor expressed on stromal/osteoblastic cells.	Superoxides	75-91	TNF superfamily member 11	Homo sapiens	245-250
15731115-3	2005	Here we report that increased intracellular ROS levels by H2O2 or xanthine/xanthine oxidase-generated superoxide anion stimulated RANKL mRNA and protein expression in human osteoblast-like MG63 cell line and primary mouse bone marrow stromal cells and calvarial osteoblasts.	Superoxides	102-118	TNF superfamily member 11	Homo sapiens	130-135
15814684-0	2005	Rac2 regulates neutrophil chemotaxis, superoxide production, and myeloid colony formation through multiple distinct effector pathways.	Superoxides	38-48	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	0-4
15814684-2	2005	We have shown previously that migration and superoxide (O2*-) production, as well as some kinase signaling pathways are compromised in mice deficient in the Ras-related Rho GTPase Rac2.	Superoxides	44-54	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	180-184
15814684-2	2005	We have shown previously that migration and superoxide (O2*-) production, as well as some kinase signaling pathways are compromised in mice deficient in the Ras-related Rho GTPase Rac2.	Superoxides	56-60	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	180-184
15814684-3	2005	In this study, we demonstrate that Rac2 controls chemotaxis and superoxide production via distinct pathways and is critical for development of myeloid colonies in vitro.	Superoxides	64-74	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	35-39
15814684-4	2005	The Rac2 mutants V36A, F37A, and N39A all bind to both Pak1 and p67(phox), yet are unable to rescue superoxide production and chemotaxis when expressed in Rac2-/- PMN.	Superoxides	100-110	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	4-8
15828232-5	2005	In addition, the phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-stimulated 22 kDa-subunit (p22phox) protein levels and 47 kDa-subunit (p47phox) protein levels in NADPH (superoxide generating enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (reduced form)) oxidase were decreased by treatment with PPARalpha and PPARgamma ligands/activators.	Superoxides	154-164	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	120-127
15681189-5	2005	During an operation with four strains, i.e., EBHJ2, DP1, DK1 and DPD2794, which are responsive to superoxide damage (EBHJ2 and DP1), hydrogen peroxide (DK1), and DNA damage (DPD2794), the O.D.	Superoxides	98-108	immunoglobulin heavy diversity 5-12	Homo sapiens	57-60
15604414-0	2005	In vivo expression of recombinant vascular endothelial growth factor in rabbit carotid artery increases production of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	118-134	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Oryctolagus cuniculus	34-68
15604414-2	2005	Ability of VEGF to stimulate formation of superoxide anion in vivo has not been studied.	Superoxides	42-58	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Oryctolagus cuniculus	11-15
15604414-3	2005	We hypothesized that in vivo expression of recombinant VEGF in the rabbit carotid artery increases production of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	113-129	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Oryctolagus cuniculus	55-59
15604414-10	2005	CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that in vivo expression of recombinant VEGF in the vascular endothelium increases local production of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	135-151	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Oryctolagus cuniculus	72-76
15604414-11	2005	Superoxide anion appears to be an important mediator of vascular effects of VEGF in vivo.	Superoxides	0-16	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Oryctolagus cuniculus	76-80
15759052-0	2005	Neutrophil primary granule release and maximal superoxide generation depend on Rac2 in a common signalling pathway.	Superoxides	47-57	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	79-83
15759052-2	2005	Rac2, a monomeric GTP-binding protein, has been shown to be involved in several neutrophil functions, including primary granule release and superoxide (O(2)(-.)	Superoxides	140-150	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	0-4
15947482-6	2005	RESULTS: The PKC zeta inhibitor significantly blocked FMLP- or PMA-induced O(2)(-) generation by eosinophils.	Superoxides	75-79	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	13-21
15589971-8	2005	The increased superoxide (O(2)(-)), dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential, activation of caspase 3, and increase in annexin V binding were evident before apoptosis in DPD-treated cells.	Superoxides	14-24	dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	181-184
15589971-8	2005	The increased superoxide (O(2)(-)), dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential, activation of caspase 3, and increase in annexin V binding were evident before apoptosis in DPD-treated cells.	Superoxides	26-30	dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	181-184
15589971-12	2005	The results suggest that the cellular generation of O(2)(-) plays a role in initiating and coordinating DPD-mediated growth arrest and apoptosis of HL-60 cells.	Superoxides	52-56	dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	104-107
15322091-1	2004	Nox1 and Nox4, homologues of the leukocyte NADPH oxidase subunit Nox2 (gp91phox) mediate superoxide anion formation in various cell types.	Superoxides	89-105	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	65-69
15322091-1	2004	Nox1 and Nox4, homologues of the leukocyte NADPH oxidase subunit Nox2 (gp91phox) mediate superoxide anion formation in various cell types.	Superoxides	89-105	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	71-79
15509740-10	2004	These studies suggest that gp120 may induce neuronal apoptosis in the CNS of HAD patients through the CXCR4-NADPH oxidase-superoxide-NSMase-ceramide pathway.	Superoxides	122-132	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Homo sapiens	102-107
15356189-6	2004	Isolated mitochondrial alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (KGDHC) and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDHC) complexes produced superoxide and H(2)O(2).	Superoxides	118-128	oxoglutarate (alpha-ketoglutarate) dehydrogenase (lipoamide)	Mus musculus	23-56
15314185-8	2004	Consequently, the reduced level of activated Elk-1 protein by extracellular signal-regulated kinase impeded constitutive, serum-, and superoxide-inducible c-fos expression.	Superoxides	134-144	ETS transcription factor ELK1	Homo sapiens	45-50
15314185-8	2004	Consequently, the reduced level of activated Elk-1 protein by extracellular signal-regulated kinase impeded constitutive, serum-, and superoxide-inducible c-fos expression.	Superoxides	134-144	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	155-160
15327813-0	2004	Superoxide-mediated nitration of spinal manganese superoxide dismutase: a novel pathway in N-methyl-D-aspartate-mediated hyperalgesia.	Superoxides	0-10	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	40-70
15327813-6	2004	At time of near-to-maximal hyperalgesia, we observed that spinal endogenous manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), the enzyme that normally keeps superoxide under well-controlled condition was nitrated, as shown by immunoprecipitation.	Superoxides	86-96	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	108-113
15327813-7	2004	Subsequently and as determined by biochemical analysis, nitration of MnSOD led to its deactivation as shown by the loss of the enzyme"s ability to dismute and hence remove superoxide.	Superoxides	172-182	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	69-74
15327813-9	2004	Thus, superoxide-mediated nitration and deactivation of spinal MnSOD is a novel pathway of NMDA-mediated spinal hyperalgesia and hence central sensitization since it helps to maintain high levels of superoxide that in turn maintains nociceptive signaling.	Superoxides	6-16	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	63-68
15327813-9	2004	Thus, superoxide-mediated nitration and deactivation of spinal MnSOD is a novel pathway of NMDA-mediated spinal hyperalgesia and hence central sensitization since it helps to maintain high levels of superoxide that in turn maintains nociceptive signaling.	Superoxides	199-209	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	63-68
15326075-6	2004	SIN-1, NCX 4016, and NCX 4050 but not ASA alone inhibited the formation of O2*- and expression of gp91(phox).	Superoxides	75-78	T cell leukemia homeobox 2	Homo sapiens	7-10
15326075-6	2004	SIN-1, NCX 4016, and NCX 4050 but not ASA alone inhibited the formation of O2*- and expression of gp91(phox).	Superoxides	75-78	T cell leukemia homeobox 2	Homo sapiens	21-24
15181005-1	2004	gp91(phox) (Nox2), the catalytic subunit of the superoxide-generating respiratory burst oxidase, is regulated by subunits p47(phox) and p67(phox).	Superoxides	48-58	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	0-10
15181005-1	2004	gp91(phox) (Nox2), the catalytic subunit of the superoxide-generating respiratory burst oxidase, is regulated by subunits p47(phox) and p67(phox).	Superoxides	48-58	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	12-16
15117745-2	2004	The lung"s main extracellular enzymatic defense against superoxide, extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD), is closely regulated during development.	Superoxides	56-66	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	68-102
15117745-2	2004	The lung"s main extracellular enzymatic defense against superoxide, extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD), is closely regulated during development.	Superoxides	56-66	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	104-110
15277203-13	2004	We conclude that after gene transfer in vivo, binding of ECSOD to arteries effectively decreases the numbers of adherent leukocytes and levels of superoxide and improves impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation produced by LPS.	Superoxides	146-156	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	57-62
15277209-6	2004	Whereas ischemic preconditioning increased superoxide anion production in PKC-delta(+/+) hearts, no increase in reactive oxygen species was observed in PKC-delta(-/-) hearts.	Superoxides	43-59	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	74-83
15296881-0	2004	Inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase and superoxide production reduces matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity and restores coronary vasomotor function in rat cardiac allografts.	Superoxides	50-60	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Rattus norvegicus	80-106
15296881-1	2004	OBJECTIVE: Oxidants such as nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide are involved in coronary endothelial dysfunction, an early event in the process of allograft coronary atherogenesis, possibly by activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and extracellular matrix proteins.	Superoxides	50-60	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Rattus norvegicus	231-235
15223068-5	2004	An electron spin resonance (ESR) study indicated that superoxide (O(2)(.-)) was generated during reduction of TNT by nNOS.	Superoxides	54-64	nitric oxide synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	117-121
15223068-5	2004	An electron spin resonance (ESR) study indicated that superoxide (O(2)(.-)) was generated during reduction of TNT by nNOS.	Superoxides	66-70	nitric oxide synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	117-121
15123630-5	2004	Loading cells with heme reversed the decrease in O(2)(-) production and gp91(phox) expression induced by HO-1 overexpression.	Superoxides	49-53	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	105-109
15149330-10	2004	RESULTS: PR3-ANCA-treated mPR3(high) versus mPR3(low) neutrophils showed more superoxide generation (33.7 +/- 15.2 nmol O(2) (-) to 14.6 +/- 8.4, P &lt; 0.01), more degranulation (29%+/- 5 to 22%+/- 3, P &lt; 0.05), and more PI3-K/Akt activation.	Superoxides	78-88	proteinase 3	Mus musculus	26-30
15149330-10	2004	RESULTS: PR3-ANCA-treated mPR3(high) versus mPR3(low) neutrophils showed more superoxide generation (33.7 +/- 15.2 nmol O(2) (-) to 14.6 +/- 8.4, P &lt; 0.01), more degranulation (29%+/- 5 to 22%+/- 3, P &lt; 0.05), and more PI3-K/Akt activation.	Superoxides	78-88	proteinase 3	Mus musculus	44-48
15149330-10	2004	RESULTS: PR3-ANCA-treated mPR3(high) versus mPR3(low) neutrophils showed more superoxide generation (33.7 +/- 15.2 nmol O(2) (-) to 14.6 +/- 8.4, P &lt; 0.01), more degranulation (29%+/- 5 to 22%+/- 3, P &lt; 0.05), and more PI3-K/Akt activation.	Superoxides	120-124	proteinase 3	Mus musculus	26-30
15163545-8	2004	An antioxidant, N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), decreased DNA fragmentation and inhibited the changes in MMP, O(2)(-) formation, and activation of caspase-3 induced by Cr(VI).	Superoxides	105-109	X-linked Kx blood group	Homo sapiens	37-40
15370890-4	2004	Additionally, O2*- -induced inhibition of Na+-dependent Ca2+ uptake was reversed by SOD and TIMP-2 (50 microg ml(-1)).	Superoxides	14-17	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2	Bos taurus	92-98
15370890-6	2004	O2*- -induced changes in MMP-2 activity, ATP-dependent Ca2+ uptake and Na+-dependent Ca2+ uptake, were not reversed upon pretreatment of the microsomes with a low dose (5 microg ml(-1)) of TIMP-2 which, on the contrary, reversed MMP-2 (1 microg ml(-1))-mediated alteration on these parameters.	Superoxides	0-3	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2	Bos taurus	189-195
15370890-8	2004	Treatment of TIMP-2 (5 microg ml(-1)) with the O2*- -generating system abolished the inhibitory effect of TIMP-2 (5 microg ml(-1)) on MMP-2 (1 microg ml(-1)) (measured by (14)C-gelatin degradation).	Superoxides	47-49	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2	Bos taurus	13-19
15370890-8	2004	Treatment of TIMP-2 (5 microg ml(-1)) with the O2*- -generating system abolished the inhibitory effect of TIMP-2 (5 microg ml(-1)) on MMP-2 (1 microg ml(-1)) (measured by (14)C-gelatin degradation).	Superoxides	47-49	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2	Bos taurus	106-112
15370890-9	2004	Overall, the present study suggests that O2*- inactivated TIMP-2, the ambient inhibitor of MMP-2, leading to activation of the ambient proteinase, MMP-2, which subsequently stimulated Ca2+ ATPase activity and ATP-dependent Ca2+ uptake, but inhibited Na+-dependent Ca2+ uptake, resulting in a marked decrease in Ca2+ uptake in the smooth muscle microsomes.	Superoxides	41-44	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2	Bos taurus	58-64
14973180-7	2004	A positive correlation was found in PMN between the levels of G6PD activity, hexose monophosphate (HMP) shunt activity, and superoxide anion release (p &lt; 0.01).	Superoxides	124-140	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	62-66
14766238-0	2004	Heme oxygenase-1 prevents superoxide anion-associated endothelial cell sloughing in diabetic rats.	Superoxides	26-42	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-16
14576080-0	2004	Superoxide, H2O2, and iron are required for TNF-alpha-induced MCP-1 gene expression in endothelial cells: role of Rac1 and NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	0-10	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2	Mus musculus	62-67
14576080-3	2004	Adenovirus-mediated expression of superoxide dismutase and catalase inhibited TNF-alpha-induced MCP-1 gene expression, suggesting important roles of superoxide (O(2)(-).)	Superoxides	34-44	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2	Mus musculus	96-101
14576080-3	2004	Adenovirus-mediated expression of superoxide dismutase and catalase inhibited TNF-alpha-induced MCP-1 gene expression, suggesting important roles of superoxide (O(2)(-).)	Superoxides	161-165	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2	Mus musculus	96-101
14698996-10	2004	Enhanced cell survival after kallikrein gene transfer occurred in conjunction with markedly increased cerebral nitric oxide levels and phospho-Akt and Bcl-2 levels but reduced caspase-3 activation, NAD(P)H oxidase activity, and superoxide production.	Superoxides	228-238	kallikrein related peptidase 4	Homo sapiens	29-39
14700515-6	2004	RESULTS: Infection of neuronal cells with Ad-eNOS increased the nitrite production but decreased the level of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)), indicating that eNOS gene delivery increased NO availability.	Superoxides	110-126	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	45-49
14700515-6	2004	RESULTS: Infection of neuronal cells with Ad-eNOS increased the nitrite production but decreased the level of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)), indicating that eNOS gene delivery increased NO availability.	Superoxides	110-126	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	154-158
14700515-6	2004	RESULTS: Infection of neuronal cells with Ad-eNOS increased the nitrite production but decreased the level of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)), indicating that eNOS gene delivery increased NO availability.	Superoxides	128-132	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	45-49
14700515-6	2004	RESULTS: Infection of neuronal cells with Ad-eNOS increased the nitrite production but decreased the level of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)), indicating that eNOS gene delivery increased NO availability.	Superoxides	128-132	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	154-158
14563789-2	2004	Studies showing that inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC) prevent tolerance to GTN suggest the involvement of PKC activation, which can also increase O2*-.	Superoxides	150-152	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	35-51
14563789-2	2004	Studies showing that inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC) prevent tolerance to GTN suggest the involvement of PKC activation, which can also increase O2*-.	Superoxides	150-152	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	53-56
14563789-2	2004	Studies showing that inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC) prevent tolerance to GTN suggest the involvement of PKC activation, which can also increase O2*-.	Superoxides	150-152	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	110-113
16328846-0	2004	Superoxide, Hydrogen Peroxide and Hydroxyl Radical in D1/D2/cytochrome b-559 Photosystem II Reaction Center Complex.	Superoxides	0-10	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	60-72
16328846-1	2004	Spin-trapping electron spin resonance (ESR) was used to monitor the formation of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals in D1/D2/cytochrome b-559 Photosystem II reaction center (PS II RC) Complex.	Superoxides	81-91	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	123-135
15207803-0	2004	Interleukin (IL)-8 (CXCL8) induces cytokine expression and superoxide formation by guinea pig neutrophils infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.	Superoxides	59-69	interleukin-8	Cavia porcellus	0-18
15207803-0	2004	Interleukin (IL)-8 (CXCL8) induces cytokine expression and superoxide formation by guinea pig neutrophils infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.	Superoxides	59-69	interleukin-8	Cavia porcellus	20-25
12972420-0	2003	Superoxide activates uncoupling proteins by generating carbon-centered radicals and initiating lipid peroxidation: studies using a mitochondria-targeted spin trap derived from alpha-phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone.	Superoxides	0-10	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	153-157
12972420-4	2003	We synthesized a mitochondria-targeted derivative of the spin trap alpha-phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone, which reacts rapidly with carbon-centered radicals but is unreactive with superoxide and lipid peroxidation products.	Superoxides	175-185	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	57-61
12877653-3	2003	The NAD(P)H oxidase system generates superoxide anions in vascular cells; however, the role of the C242T polymorphism of the NAD(P)H oxidase p22 phox gene in ischaemic heart disease is unclear due to contradictory results from case-control studies.	Superoxides	37-54	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	4-11
12877653-3	2003	The NAD(P)H oxidase system generates superoxide anions in vascular cells; however, the role of the C242T polymorphism of the NAD(P)H oxidase p22 phox gene in ischaemic heart disease is unclear due to contradictory results from case-control studies.	Superoxides	37-54	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	125-132
12913107-4	2003	Coimmunoprecipitation experiments and double labeling immunofluorescence analysis demonstrated the unique colocalization of cPLA2 and the NADPH oxidase in plasma membranes of stimulated cells, in correlation with the kinetic burst of superoxide production.	Superoxides	234-244	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	124-129
12913107-7	2003	The ability of cPLA2 to regulate two different functions in the same cells (superoxide generation and eicosanoid production) is achieved by a novel dual subcellular localization of cPLA2 to different targets.	Superoxides	76-86	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	15-20
12913107-7	2003	The ability of cPLA2 to regulate two different functions in the same cells (superoxide generation and eicosanoid production) is achieved by a novel dual subcellular localization of cPLA2 to different targets.	Superoxides	76-86	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	181-186
12595275-1	2003	The present study hypothesized that superoxide (O2(-)*) importantly contributes to the regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha expression at posttranscriptional levels in renal medullary interstitial cells (RMICs) of rats.	Superoxides	36-46	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	101-138
12663375-0	2003	c-Src induces phosphorylation and translocation of p47phox: role in superoxide generation by angiotensin II in human vascular smooth muscle cells.	Superoxides	68-78	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	51-58
12657628-0	2003	Proteins homologous to p47phox and p67phox support superoxide production by NAD(P)H oxidase 1 in colon epithelial cells.	Superoxides	51-61	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Mus musculus	35-42
12732610-3	2003	SCD has been characterized as a chronic state of inflammation in which xanthine oxidase (XO) from ischemic tissues increases vascular superoxide anion (O2*-) generation.	Superoxides	134-150	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	71-87
12732610-3	2003	SCD has been characterized as a chronic state of inflammation in which xanthine oxidase (XO) from ischemic tissues increases vascular superoxide anion (O2*-) generation.	Superoxides	134-150	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	89-91
12732610-3	2003	SCD has been characterized as a chronic state of inflammation in which xanthine oxidase (XO) from ischemic tissues increases vascular superoxide anion (O2*-) generation.	Superoxides	152-154	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	71-87
12732610-3	2003	SCD has been characterized as a chronic state of inflammation in which xanthine oxidase (XO) from ischemic tissues increases vascular superoxide anion (O2*-) generation.	Superoxides	152-154	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	89-91
12732610-5	2003	Here we hypothesize that L-4F, an apoA-1 mimetic, preserves vasodilation in hypercholesterolemia and SCD by decreasing mechanisms that increase O2*- generation.	Superoxides	144-146	apolipoprotein A-I	Mus musculus	34-40
12750003-0	2003	Role of superoxide in poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase upregulation after transient cerebral ischemia.	Superoxides	8-18	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 1	Mus musculus	22-49
12750003-5	2003	Our study shows that PARP is upregulated as early as 15 min after 1 h of transient focal cerebral ischemia and remains for 8 h. We also examined the role of superoxide in PARP induction using copper/zinc-superoxide dismutase transgenic mice.	Superoxides	157-167	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 1	Mus musculus	21-25
12711304-1	2003	Human metallothionein (hMT) is highly overexpressed in the resistant AML-2 cell line selected by paraquat, an intracellular superoxide generator.	Superoxides	124-134	histamine N-methyltransferase	Homo sapiens	23-26
12784910-5	2003	Our studies show that overexpression of GH in EL4, a T-cell lymphoma cell line, results in a decrease in the production of O2- compared to control cells, as detected using the fluorescent dye, dihydroethidium.	Superoxides	123-125	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	46-49
12715901-0	2003	Synthesis and characterization of EMPO-derived 5,5-disubstituted 1-pyrroline N-oxides as spin traps forming exceptionally stable superoxide spin adducts.	Superoxides	129-139	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	89-93
12715901-0	2003	Synthesis and characterization of EMPO-derived 5,5-disubstituted 1-pyrroline N-oxides as spin traps forming exceptionally stable superoxide spin adducts.	Superoxides	129-139	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	140-144
12715901-1	2003	EMPO [5-(ethoxycarbonyl)-5-methyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide] is a highly hydrophilic cyclic nitrone spin trap, whose superoxide adduct is considerably more stable (t 1/2 = 8.6 min) than DMPO (5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide, t 1/2=45 s).	Superoxides	111-121	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	94-98
12577312-8	2003	Taken together, the results obtained indicate that superoxide mediates IL-1-induced I kappa B-alpha degradation and the consequent NF-kappa B activation and iNOS expression in chondrocytes, whereas H(2)O(2) does not seem to participate in those IL-1-induced responses.	Superoxides	51-61	nitric oxide synthase 2	Bos taurus	157-161
12668130-3	2003	Recombinant adenoviruses expressing Cu/ZnSOD or MnSOD were utilized to modulate superoxide levels in the cytoplasmic or mitochondrial compartments, respectively, prior to coronary artery I/R injury in the rat heart.	Superoxides	80-90	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	48-53
12536801-1	2002	The trapping of superoxide anion with DMPO and DEPMPO has been carried out in the presence of a methylated beta-cyclodextrin, Me-beta-CD; inclusion of the spin adducts in the cavity of Me-beta-CD resulted in a seven-fold increase of their half-life (t1/2 = 96 min for DEPMPO-superoxide spin adduct) and in their protection towards glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) and also ascrobate anion in the case of DEPMPO.	Superoxides	16-32	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	155-159
12536801-1	2002	The trapping of superoxide anion with DMPO and DEPMPO has been carried out in the presence of a methylated beta-cyclodextrin, Me-beta-CD; inclusion of the spin adducts in the cavity of Me-beta-CD resulted in a seven-fold increase of their half-life (t1/2 = 96 min for DEPMPO-superoxide spin adduct) and in their protection towards glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) and also ascrobate anion in the case of DEPMPO.	Superoxides	16-32	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	286-290
12536801-1	2002	The trapping of superoxide anion with DMPO and DEPMPO has been carried out in the presence of a methylated beta-cyclodextrin, Me-beta-CD; inclusion of the spin adducts in the cavity of Me-beta-CD resulted in a seven-fold increase of their half-life (t1/2 = 96 min for DEPMPO-superoxide spin adduct) and in their protection towards glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) and also ascrobate anion in the case of DEPMPO.	Superoxides	16-26	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	155-159
12536801-1	2002	The trapping of superoxide anion with DMPO and DEPMPO has been carried out in the presence of a methylated beta-cyclodextrin, Me-beta-CD; inclusion of the spin adducts in the cavity of Me-beta-CD resulted in a seven-fold increase of their half-life (t1/2 = 96 min for DEPMPO-superoxide spin adduct) and in their protection towards glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) and also ascrobate anion in the case of DEPMPO.	Superoxides	16-26	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	286-290
12372827-0	2002	Superoxide activates mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 from the matrix side.	Superoxides	0-10	uncoupling protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	21-55
12372827-2	2002	Superoxide activates nucleotide-sensitive mitochondrial proton transport through the uncoupling proteins UCP1, UCP2, and UCP3 (Echtay, K. S., et al.	Superoxides	0-10	uncoupling protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	111-115
12372827-5	2002	Here we provide evidence for the first mechanism and show that superoxide activates UCP2 in rat kidney mitochondria from the matrix side of the mitochondrial inner membrane: (i) Exogenous superoxide inhibited matrix aconitase, showing that external superoxide entered the matrix.	Superoxides	63-73	uncoupling protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	84-88
12372827-5	2002	Here we provide evidence for the first mechanism and show that superoxide activates UCP2 in rat kidney mitochondria from the matrix side of the mitochondrial inner membrane: (i) Exogenous superoxide inhibited matrix aconitase, showing that external superoxide entered the matrix.	Superoxides	188-198	uncoupling protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	84-88
12372827-5	2002	Here we provide evidence for the first mechanism and show that superoxide activates UCP2 in rat kidney mitochondria from the matrix side of the mitochondrial inner membrane: (i) Exogenous superoxide inhibited matrix aconitase, showing that external superoxide entered the matrix.	Superoxides	188-198	uncoupling protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	84-88
12372827-8	2002	Thus matrix superoxide appears to be necessary for activation of UCP2 by exogenous superoxide.	Superoxides	12-22	uncoupling protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	65-69
12372827-8	2002	Thus matrix superoxide appears to be necessary for activation of UCP2 by exogenous superoxide.	Superoxides	83-93	uncoupling protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	65-69
12372827-10	2002	Under these conditions quinols are known to produce superoxide, and because mitoQ is localized within the mitochondrial matrix this suggests that production of superoxide in the matrix was sufficient to activate UCP2.	Superoxides	160-170	uncoupling protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	212-216
12468568-1	2002	Recently, we demonstrated that the heptapeptide angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-[1-7]) exhibits a favorable kinetic of nitric oxide (NO) release accompanied by extremely low superoxide (O2-) production.	Superoxides	165-175	ANG	Bos taurus	67-70
12468568-1	2002	Recently, we demonstrated that the heptapeptide angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-[1-7]) exhibits a favorable kinetic of nitric oxide (NO) release accompanied by extremely low superoxide (O2-) production.	Superoxides	177-179	ANG	Bos taurus	67-70
12468931-4	2002	Rac2-deficient mice and a human patient with a D57N Rac2 mutant share a phenotype of leukocytosis with defective neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide production in response to some, but not all, agonists.	Superoxides	139-149	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	0-4
12215380-0	2002	Establishment of the superoxide production assay with human monocytic cell line, U937, for the evaluation of Syk kinase inhibitors.	Superoxides	21-31	spleen associated tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	109-112
12215380-6	2002	Engagement of FcgammaRI stimulated superoxide production, which was accompanied with Syk phosphorylation.	Superoxides	35-45	spleen associated tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	85-88
12215380-8	2002	Moreover, the treatment of cells with antisense oligonucleotide against syk attenuated Syk protein expression and suppressed superoxide production induced by FcgammaRI-engagement, but not by PMA.	Superoxides	125-135	spleen associated tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	72-75
12383939-5	2002	MT-III was also able to efficiently remove the superoxide anion, which was generated from the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system.	Superoxides	47-63	metallothionein 3	Homo sapiens	0-6
12677190-5	2002	Adrenomedullin gene delivery results in increased cAMP, nitric oxide and cGMP levels in conjunction with significantly reduced superoxide production in the heart, kidney and brain.	Superoxides	127-137	adrenomedullin	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
12440767-6	2002	A defect in any of the genes encoding gp91phox, p22phox, p67phox or p47phox results in chronic granulomatous disease, a genetic disorder characterized by severe and recurrent infections, illustrating the role of O2- and the derived metabolites H2O2 and HOCl in host defense against invading microorganisms.	Superoxides	212-214	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	38-46
12440767-6	2002	A defect in any of the genes encoding gp91phox, p22phox, p67phox or p47phox results in chronic granulomatous disease, a genetic disorder characterized by severe and recurrent infections, illustrating the role of O2- and the derived metabolites H2O2 and HOCl in host defense against invading microorganisms.	Superoxides	212-214	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	68-75
12192108-0	2002	Regulatory effects of eotaxin, eotaxin-2, and eotaxin-3 on eosinophil degranulation and superoxide anion generation.	Superoxides	88-104	C-C motif chemokine ligand 26	Homo sapiens	46-55
12192108-5	2002	Investigation results suggest that all three subtypes of eotaxin directly stimulate eosinophil superoxide anion generation that is inhibited by neutralizing eotaxin antibody or pretreatment of cells with the receptor antibody anti-CCR3.	Superoxides	95-111	C-C motif chemokine receptor 3	Homo sapiens	231-235
12101222-4	2002	We have previously reported that cytosolic phospholipase A(2) (cPLA(2)) expression and activity are essential for superoxide anion production in activated human monocytes.	Superoxides	114-130	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	33-70
12119003-7	2002	We have found that, in a manner similar to CPR, nNOS can interact with 1,3-DNB and generate superoxide anion radical (O2*-).	Superoxides	92-116	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	43-46
12119003-7	2002	We have found that, in a manner similar to CPR, nNOS can interact with 1,3-DNB and generate superoxide anion radical (O2*-).	Superoxides	92-116	nitric oxide synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	48-52
12119003-7	2002	We have found that, in a manner similar to CPR, nNOS can interact with 1,3-DNB and generate superoxide anion radical (O2*-).	Superoxides	118-122	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	43-46
12119003-7	2002	We have found that, in a manner similar to CPR, nNOS can interact with 1,3-DNB and generate superoxide anion radical (O2*-).	Superoxides	118-122	nitric oxide synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	48-52
12119003-10	2002	Therefore, NO., L-citrulline, and O2*- are simultaneously produced by nNOS in the presence of 1,3-DNB and other nitroarenes.	Superoxides	34-38	nitric oxide synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	70-74
12470609-7	2002	These results suggested that a second receptor, likely FPR2, mediates superoxide production at high concentrations of fMLF.	Superoxides	70-80	formyl peptide receptor 2	Mus musculus	55-59
12142572-6	2002	In conclusion, SAH during acute stage causes an increase in NAD(P)H oxidase-dependent superoxide formation in cerebral vessels, which is due to activation of tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent increased expression of gp91phox mRNA and translocation of Rac protein, thereby resulting in a significant reduction of autoregulatory vasodilation.	Superoxides	86-96	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	217-225
12044177-2	2002	Previous studies have shown that aconitase/IRP-1 may be a target of *NO or peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)), formed after reaction of *NO with superoxide anion (O(2)(*-)); however, the mechanisms and consequences of such interactions have remained uncertain.	Superoxides	134-150	aconitase 1	Mus musculus	43-48
12044177-2	2002	Previous studies have shown that aconitase/IRP-1 may be a target of *NO or peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)), formed after reaction of *NO with superoxide anion (O(2)(*-)); however, the mechanisms and consequences of such interactions have remained uncertain.	Superoxides	152-156	aconitase 1	Mus musculus	43-48
12044177-3	2002	In this study, recombinant aconitase/IRP-1 was exposed to SIN-1, whose thermal decomposition releases *NO and O(2)(*-).	Superoxides	110-114	aconitase 1	Mus musculus	37-42
12044177-10	2002	*NO was less efficient than ONOO(-) in attacking the Fe-S cluster of cytoplasmic aconitase; in fact, SIN-1-dependent iron release and IRP-1 activation were diminished by superoxide dismutase, which scavenged O(2)(*-) before it reacted with *NO to form ONOO(-).	Superoxides	208-212	aconitase 1	Mus musculus	69-90
12076090-2	2002	Tyrosine nitration by ONOO(-) has been shown in other model systems to inhibit the activity of the superoxide anion quenching enyzme, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), perhaps contributing to progression of disease.	Superoxides	99-115	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	134-164
12076090-2	2002	Tyrosine nitration by ONOO(-) has been shown in other model systems to inhibit the activity of the superoxide anion quenching enyzme, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), perhaps contributing to progression of disease.	Superoxides	99-115	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	166-171
12076093-0	2002	Ischemia-reperfusion injury of retinal endothelium by cyclooxygenase- and xanthine oxidase-derived superoxide.	Superoxides	99-109	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	74-90
12076093-2	2002	The authors hypothesized that retinal endothelial cells can generate injurious levels of superoxide radical in response to ischemia/reperfusion, that endothelial xanthine oxidase and cyclooxygenase are important enzymatic sources of superoxide radical under these conditions, and that superoxide scavengers and inhibitors of these enzymes can protect endothelium from ischemic injury.	Superoxides	89-107	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	162-178
12076093-2	2002	The authors hypothesized that retinal endothelial cells can generate injurious levels of superoxide radical in response to ischemia/reperfusion, that endothelial xanthine oxidase and cyclooxygenase are important enzymatic sources of superoxide radical under these conditions, and that superoxide scavengers and inhibitors of these enzymes can protect endothelium from ischemic injury.	Superoxides	233-251	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	162-178
12076093-5	2002	MREC were injured in a duration-dependent fashion by exposure to the superoxide-generating mix of hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase.	Superoxides	69-79	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	115-131
12076093-7	2002	Significant MREC protection was achieved by the superoxide scavengers SOD (1000 U ml(-1)) and a carboxylic acid derivative of carboxyfullerene (10 microM), the xanthine oxidase inhibitors oxypurinol (100 microM) and diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) (100 n M), and the cyclooxygenase inhibitors indomethacin (300 microM) and ibuprofen (300 microM).	Superoxides	48-58	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	160-176
12076093-9	2002	Both xanthine oxidase- and cyclooxygenase-dependent pathways are important enzymatic sources of superoxide formation in this setting.	Superoxides	96-106	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	5-21
11733522-1	2002	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes consists of a membranal heterodimeric flavocytochrome (cytochrome b(559)), composed of gp91(phox) and p22(phox) subunits, and four cytosolic proteins, p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (1 or 2).	Superoxides	4-14	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	117-129
11884382-2	2002	However, it remains to be elucidated how in vivo angiotensin II treatment may alter the expression of the gp91(phox) isoforms and the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS III) and subsequent signaling events and whether, in addition to the NAD(P)H oxidase, NOS III contributes to vascular superoxide formation.	Superoxides	291-301	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	169-176
11884382-12	2002	NADPH oxidase-induced superoxide production may trigger NOS III uncoupling, leading to impaired NO/cGMP signaling and to endothelial dysfunction in this animal model.	Superoxides	22-32	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	56-63
11826097-1	2002	Consistent with this idea, we show that brief incubation of hippocampal slices with the superoxide-generating system xanthine/xanthine oxidase (X/XO) produces a long-lasting potentiation of synaptic transmission in area CA1.	Superoxides	88-98	carbonic anhydrase 1	Homo sapiens	220-223
11709424-8	2001	The results demonstrate that IL-1 beta-dependent MMP-9 induction is mediated by superoxide-stimulated ERK activation.	Superoxides	80-90	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	49-54
11672444-2	2001	Our objective was to compare the protection of GPX1 against cytotoxicity of superoxide generator diquat (DQ), NO donor S-nitroso-N-acetyl-penicillamine (SNAP) and peroxynitrite generator 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1).	Superoxides	76-86	glutathione peroxidase 1	Homo sapiens	47-51
11771135-3	2001	If the main electrogenic stage of the Q cycle is suggested to be the electron transfer between the cytochrome b hemes, then the rate of superoxide generation sharply increases when delta psi grows from 150 mV to 180 mV.	Superoxides	136-146	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	99-111
11686491-8	2001	These data show that ET-1 increased O2- production in a cyclooxygenase-dependent manner and contributed to this production after FPI.	Superoxides	36-38	endothelin-1	Sus scrofa	21-25
11504692-9	2001	These data indicate that generation of O(2)(-) in BPASMCs in response to 5-HT is followed by an increase in intracellular H(2)O(2) that mediates 5-HT-induced mitogenesis through activation of ERK1/ERK2 but not of p38 MAP kinase.	Superoxides	39-43	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Bos taurus	213-216
11520794-4	2001	Pretreatment of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha-primed neutrophils with antibodies against FcgammaRII and FcgammaRIII inhibited MPO-ANCA and PR3-ANCA induced superoxide generation, confirming that FcgammaR ligation is involved in ANCA-mediated neutrophil activation.	Superoxides	160-170	Fc gamma receptor IIIa	Homo sapiens	108-119
11509539-4	2001	In this study, we examined the hypothesis that NO inhibits MMP-9 induction by attenuating superoxide generation and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation.	Superoxides	90-100	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	59-64
11665837-6	2001	Furthermore, ICAM-1 expression by autologous blood was well correlated with generation of superoxide anion in the aortic segment (r=0.975, P&lt;0.05).	Superoxides	90-106	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	13-19
11665837-7	2001	Taken together, it is suggested that NADH/NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide is implicated in periarterial blood-induced vasospasm via increased expression of ICAM-1 with subsequent mobilization of granulocyte/macrophage.	Superoxides	64-74	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	157-163
11525764-10	2001	Reactive oxygen species (e.g., superoxide, peroxynitrite, hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide) are all potential reactants capable of initiating DNA single-strand breakage, with subsequent activation of the nuclear enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) synthetase (PARS), leading to eventual severe energy depletion of the cells, and necrotic-type cell death.	Superoxides	31-41	glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase 1	Homo sapiens	255-259
11511930-2	2001	The product of this gene is the large subunit of flavocytochrome b558, gp91phox, the catalytic core of the superoxide-generating enzyme, NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	107-117	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	71-79
11500544-7	2001	The added PA was more effective in stimulating superoxide generation in the PLD alpha-depleted leaves than in the PLD alpha-containing, wild-type leaves, suggesting that PA produced in the cell was more effective than added PA in promoting superoxide production.	Superoxides	240-250	phospholipase D alpha 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	76-79
11500544-8	2001	These data indicate that PLD plays a role in mediating superoxide production in plants through the generation of PA as a lipid messenger.	Superoxides	55-65	phospholipase D alpha 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	25-28
11435314-8	2001	The changes in the splicing pattern of the transcripts and the prolonged effect on superoxide-generating ability of patient neutrophils indicate that IFN-gamma induced a partial correction of the abnormal splicing of CYBB gene transcripts in myeloid progenitor cells.	Superoxides	83-93	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	217-221
11464219-5	2001	Results indicate that early after UVB exposure (up to 4 h), PBR-transfected cells were more resistant to apoptosis and exhibited a delayed mitochondrial transmembrane potential drop, a diminished superoxide anions production, and a reduced caspase-3 activation.	Superoxides	196-213	translocator protein	Homo sapiens	60-63
11454988-7	2001	The alveolar cell population in the ASMKO mice produces less superoxide when stimulated, but this can be corrected by providing recombinant ASM to the culture media.	Superoxides	61-71	sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1, acid lysosomal	Mus musculus	36-39
11376945-1	2001	gp91phox is the catalytic subunit of the respiratory burst oxidase, an NADPH-dependent, superoxide generating enzyme present in phagocytes.	Superoxides	88-98	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	0-8
11384204-2	2001	We previously demonstrated that NK1 and NK2 receptors are present on human monocytes, SP and NKA inducing superoxide anion production and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) mRNA expression.	Superoxides	106-122	tachykinin receptor 2	Homo sapiens	40-43
11134900-5	2001	In one of the mutants (lsd1) induction of PCD has been attributed to superoxide (O(2)(*)(-)).	Superoxides	69-79	LSD1 zinc finger family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	23-27
11134900-5	2001	In one of the mutants (lsd1) induction of PCD has been attributed to superoxide (O(2)(*)(-)).	Superoxides	81-85	LSD1 zinc finger family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	23-27
11168643-4	2001	Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-stimulated and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-induced superoxide formation was enhanced in peritoneal Mphi lacking TRAP; nitrite production in response to stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and IFN-gamma was also increased.	Superoxides	90-100	acid phosphatase 5, tartrate resistant	Mus musculus	151-155
11208753-8	2001	NO release stimulated by eNOS agonists was followed by the generation of the NO scavenger superoxide.	Superoxides	90-100	nitric oxide synthase, endothelial	Oryctolagus cuniculus	25-29
11732328-4	2001	Fibroblasts, hepatocytes, and HeLa cells possess a superoxide system which shows higher activity with NADH than NADPH.	Superoxides	51-61	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	112-117
11007780-1	2000	The superoxide (O(2))-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes consists of a membrane-associated flavocytochrome (cytochrome b(559)) and four cytosolic proteins, p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (Rac1 or -2).	Superoxides	4-14	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	120-132
11007780-1	2000	The superoxide (O(2))-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes consists of a membrane-associated flavocytochrome (cytochrome b(559)) and four cytosolic proteins, p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (Rac1 or -2).	Superoxides	4-14	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	227-231
11007780-1	2000	The superoxide (O(2))-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes consists of a membrane-associated flavocytochrome (cytochrome b(559)) and four cytosolic proteins, p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (Rac1 or -2).	Superoxides	16-20	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	120-132
11007780-1	2000	The superoxide (O(2))-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes consists of a membrane-associated flavocytochrome (cytochrome b(559)) and four cytosolic proteins, p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (Rac1 or -2).	Superoxides	16-20	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	227-231
11007780-2	2000	NADPH oxidase activation (O(2) production) is elicited as the consequence of assembly of some or all cytosolic components with cytochrome b(559).	Superoxides	26-30	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	127-139
11007780-4	2000	We now show that post-translationally processed (prenylated) Rac1 initiates NADPH oxidase assembly, expressed in O(2) production, in a cell-free system containing phagocyte membrane vesicles and p67(phox), in the absence of an activating amphiphile and of p47(phox).	Superoxides	113-117	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
11007780-8	2000	Binding of prenylated Rac1 to membrane vesicles is accompanied by the recruitment of p67(phox) to the same location and the formation of an assembled NADPH oxidase complex, producing O(2) upon the addition of NADPH.	Superoxides	183-187	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	22-26
11120770-3	2000	This is shown to be a consequence of age-associated enhanced superoxide (.O(2)(-)) production with concomitant quenching of NO by the formation of peroxynitrite leading to nitrotyrosilation of mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), a molecular footprint of increased peroxynitrite levels, which also increased with age.	Superoxides	61-71	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	207-237
11120770-3	2000	This is shown to be a consequence of age-associated enhanced superoxide (.O(2)(-)) production with concomitant quenching of NO by the formation of peroxynitrite leading to nitrotyrosilation of mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), a molecular footprint of increased peroxynitrite levels, which also increased with age.	Superoxides	61-71	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	239-244
11168498-1	2000	Flavocytochrome b558 (Cyt b) is important in generating superoxide and other toxic oxygen species involved in inflammation and host defense.	Superoxides	56-66	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	22-27
11067938-3	2000	Here we report that exogenously administrated superoxide, generated by the hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase system (HXXO) or by the redox cycler 2, 3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphtoquinone, caused a marked amplification of IL-1beta-primed, steady state, MMP-9 mRNA level and an increase in gelatinolytic activity in the conditioned medium.	Superoxides	46-56	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Rattus norvegicus	240-245
11067938-11	2000	Our data identify superoxide as a costimulatory factor amplifying cytokine-induced MMP-9 expression by interfering with the signaling cascades leading to the activation of AP-1 and NF-kappaB.	Superoxides	18-28	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Rattus norvegicus	83-88
10747906-2	2000	NADPH stimulated the production of superoxide anion and H(2)O(2) in human aortic endothelial cells that was inhibited by the NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium and was significantly attenuated in cells transiently expressing a dominant negative allele of the small GTP-binding protein Rac1, which is required for oxidase activity.	Superoxides	35-51	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	294-298
10844115-1	2000	A ditriazine derivative (4,10-dichloropyrido[5,6:4,5]thieno[3,2-d":3, 2-d]-1,2,3-ditriazine (DTD)) inhibited neutrophil functions, including degranulation, superoxide generation, and leukotriene B(4) production, without any effect on 5-lipoxygenase activity.	Superoxides	156-166	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Mus musculus	234-248
16859283-2	2000	METHODS: In an in vitro study, a significant amount of superoxide inhibited by diphenyleneiodonium (20 microM and 100 microM) was identified at 3 hours after application of 10% whole blood to the aortic segments, and these results were correlated with in vitro ICAM-1 expression.	Superoxides	55-65	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	261-267
16859283-7	2000	CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that application of PAAB to the rat FA causes superoxide-linked expression of ICAM-1 and mobilization of granulocyte and macrophages.	Superoxides	82-92	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	114-120
10722648-2	2000	Xanthine oxidase (XO) is another enzyme known to produce superoxide in many tissues.	Superoxides	57-67	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	0-16
10722648-2	2000	Xanthine oxidase (XO) is another enzyme known to produce superoxide in many tissues.	Superoxides	57-67	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	18-20
10708546-2	2000	Among the cystathionine metabolites, cystathionine ketimine and N-acetyl-S-(3-oxo-3-carboxy-n-propyl) cysteine (NAc-OCPC) significantly enhanced the N-formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine (fMLP)-induced superoxide generation, but cystathionine, NAc-cystathionine, and cyclothionine did not enhance the superoxide generation.	Superoxides	201-211	X-linked Kx blood group	Homo sapiens	112-115
10708546-2	2000	Among the cystathionine metabolites, cystathionine ketimine and N-acetyl-S-(3-oxo-3-carboxy-n-propyl) cysteine (NAc-OCPC) significantly enhanced the N-formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine (fMLP)-induced superoxide generation, but cystathionine, NAc-cystathionine, and cyclothionine did not enhance the superoxide generation.	Superoxides	300-310	X-linked Kx blood group	Homo sapiens	112-115
10708546-3	2000	Cystathionine ketimine and NAc-OCPC also enhanced superoxide generation induced by opsonized zymosan (OZ) but not that induced by arachidonic acid (AA) and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).	Superoxides	50-60	X-linked Kx blood group	Homo sapiens	27-30
10673720-1	2000	We have comparatively evaluated the efficiency of a series of retroviral vectors transducing the gp91-phox gene, whose defects are responsible for impaired production of superoxide anion (O2-) by phagocytic cells and lead to the X-linked form of chronic granulomatous disease (X-CGD).	Superoxides	170-186	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	97-106
10673720-1	2000	We have comparatively evaluated the efficiency of a series of retroviral vectors transducing the gp91-phox gene, whose defects are responsible for impaired production of superoxide anion (O2-) by phagocytic cells and lead to the X-linked form of chronic granulomatous disease (X-CGD).	Superoxides	188-190	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	97-106
10673720-7	2000	These clones revealed a markedly heterogeneous pattern of gp91-phox expression, ranging from complete silencing to full restoration of superoxide production.	Superoxides	135-145	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	58-67
10724328-0	2000	Sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-pump isoform SERCA3a is more resistant to superoxide damage than SERCA2b.	Superoxides	75-85	ATPase sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ transporting 3	Homo sapiens	46-52
33777312-0	2021	Regulation of Superoxide by BAP31 through Its Effect on p22phox and Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway in Microglia.	Superoxides	14-24	B cell receptor associated protein 31	Mus musculus	28-33
33777312-4	2021	In this study, we discovered that BAP31 deficiency upregulated LPS-induced superoxide anion production in BV2 cells and mice by upregulating the expression level of p22phox and by inhibiting the activation of Nrf2-HO-1 signaling.	Superoxides	75-91	B cell receptor associated protein 31	Mus musculus	34-39
33777312-5	2021	Knockdown of p22phox/keap1 or use of an NADPH oxidase inhibitor (apocynin) reversed the production of superoxide anion and inflammatory cytokines, which then reduced neuronal damage and death in vitro and in vivo.	Superoxides	102-118	cytochrome b-245, alpha polypeptide	Mus musculus	13-20
33777312-5	2021	Knockdown of p22phox/keap1 or use of an NADPH oxidase inhibitor (apocynin) reversed the production of superoxide anion and inflammatory cytokines, which then reduced neuronal damage and death in vitro and in vivo.	Superoxides	102-118	kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1	Mus musculus	21-26
33777312-6	2021	These results suggest that BAP31 deficiency contributes to microglia-related superoxide anion production and neuroinflammation through p22phox and keap1.	Superoxides	77-93	B cell receptor associated protein 31	Mus musculus	27-32
33777312-8	2021	Thus, we determined that BAP31 is an important regulator in superoxide anion production and neuroinflammation, and the downstream regulators or agonists of BAP31 could therefore be considered as potential therapeutic targets in microglial-related superoxide anion production and neuroinflammation.	Superoxides	60-76	B cell receptor associated protein 31	Mus musculus	25-30
33777312-8	2021	Thus, we determined that BAP31 is an important regulator in superoxide anion production and neuroinflammation, and the downstream regulators or agonists of BAP31 could therefore be considered as potential therapeutic targets in microglial-related superoxide anion production and neuroinflammation.	Superoxides	247-263	B cell receptor associated protein 31	Mus musculus	25-30
33777312-8	2021	Thus, we determined that BAP31 is an important regulator in superoxide anion production and neuroinflammation, and the downstream regulators or agonists of BAP31 could therefore be considered as potential therapeutic targets in microglial-related superoxide anion production and neuroinflammation.	Superoxides	247-263	B cell receptor associated protein 31	Mus musculus	156-161
34930781-5	2022	In this study, we demonstrate elevated S100A9 protein within neutrophils from SLE patients, and MRL/lpr mice associates with lower mitochondrial superoxide, decreased suicidal neutrophil extracellular trap formation, and increased susceptibility to Staphylococcus aureus infection.	Superoxides	145-155	S100 calcium binding protein A9	Homo sapiens	39-45
34930781-6	2022	Furthermore, increasing mitochondrial superoxide production restored the antibacterial activity of MRL/lpr neutrophils in response to S. aureus These results demonstrate that accumulation of intracellular S100A9 associates with impaired mitochondrial homeostasis, thereby rendering SLE neutrophils inherently less bactericidal.	Superoxides	38-48	S100 calcium binding protein A9	Homo sapiens	205-211
34829655-9	2021	These results imply an important link between neurotoxicity and superoxides wherein abnormal increases in NTS endogenous mu-opioids promote the interaction between Ang II and muOR, the binding of Ang II to AT1R, and the activation of microglia.	Superoxides	64-75	angiogenin	Rattus norvegicus	196-199
34509493-8	2021	This behaviour is different from hFMO3, that is shown to form both H2O2 and superoxide anion radical as a result of ~50% uncoupling.	Superoxides	76-100	flavin containing dimethylaniline monoxygenase 3	Homo sapiens	33-38
34081810-7	2021	CAR and/or RSV treatment restored the activity of superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant capacity with a consequent reduction in lipid peroxides level.	Superoxides	50-60	nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
34456745-2	2021	In contrast, the SIRT1 inhibitor EX527 enhanced the superoxide production in isolated human polymorphonuclear granulocytes.	Superoxides	52-62	sirtuin 1	Homo sapiens	17-22
34212722-2	2021	Here, for the first time, atomically dispersed Co atoms are synthesized as biomimetic "enzymes" to monitor superoxide anions (O2 -), delivering ultraordinary high sensitivity (710.03 muA muM-1 cm-2), low detection limit (1.5 nM), and rapid response time (1.2 s), ranking the best among all the reported either bioenzymatic or biomimetic O2 - biosensors.	Superoxides	107-124	PWWP domain containing 3A, DNA repair factor	Homo sapiens	187-192
34413784-6	2021	Moreover, MIPs relieved the increased hepatic malonaldehyde and protein carbonyl content and the decreased superoxide dismutase and catalase contents caused by CCl4 intoxication.	Superoxides	107-117	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4	Mus musculus	160-164
34293347-1	2021	NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) produces the superoxide anion radical (O2-), which has functions in both cell signaling and immune defense.	Superoxides	36-60	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	0-15
34293347-1	2021	NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) produces the superoxide anion radical (O2-), which has functions in both cell signaling and immune defense.	Superoxides	36-60	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	17-21
34337190-6	2022	Similarly, we also observed increased expression of the superoxide dismutase-3 gene (SOD3), indicating oxidative stress caused by the microplastics treatments.	Superoxides	56-66	superoxide dismutase 3	Canis lupus familiaris	85-89
34276700-7	2021	Decreasing glycolytic activity or increasing glutathione and superoxide dismutase antioxidant activity can also be beneficial in inhibiting cytotoxic CD8 T cell effector responses.	Superoxides	61-71	CD8a molecule	Homo sapiens	150-153
35513019-5	2022	Notably, SIRT7 has been shown to exert beneficial effects in cardiorenal physiology and pathophysiology via modulation of senescence, DNA damage repair, ribosomal RNA synthesis, protein biosynthesis, angiogenesis, apoptosis, superoxide generation, cardiorenal metabolism, and dysfunction.	Superoxides	225-235	sirtuin 7	Homo sapiens	9-14
35354309-8	2022	NOX1-derived superoxide in the first phase is required for Ca2+ influx through nonselective cation channels.	Superoxides	13-23	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
35398286-4	2022	Here, we demonstrate that RIP2 exerts immune regulatory functions by regulating mitochondrial damage and mitochondrial superoxide production in response to SV40 LT-induced genotoxic stress by the induction of ULK1-phosphorylation, therefore regulating the expression of interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) and NLRP3-inflammasome dependent IL-1beta release.	Superoxides	119-129	receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	26-30
35489654-1	2022	The phagocyte NADPH oxidase (NOX2) is a key enzyme of the innate immune system generating superoxide anions (O2 -), precursors of reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	90-107	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	29-33
35496049-10	2022	Our results revealed that MTX significantly induced the elevation of transaminases, alkaline phosphates (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and malonaldehyde (MDA) while depleting the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) when compared to the control group.	Superoxides	194-204	metaxin 1	Mus musculus	26-29
35447940-8	2022	Moreover, the expression of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD1 and SOD2) in CA1-3 pyramidal cells were gradually and significantly reduced after ischemia.	Superoxides	52-62	carbonic anhydrase 1	Homo sapiens	92-97
35285619-0	2022	Superoxide Radical-Mediated Self-Synthesized Au/MoO3-x Hybrids with Enhanced Peroxidase-like Activity and Photothermal Effect for Anti-MRSA Therapy.	Superoxides	0-18	AT695_RS02070	Staphylococcus aureus	77-87
35063507-8	2022	After separating the two CD177/mPR3 neutrophil subsets from individual donors by magnetic sorting, we found that PR3-ANCAs provoked significantly more superoxide production in CD177pos/mPR3high than in CD177neg/mPR3low neutrophils, and that anti-CD177 Fab clone 40 reduced the superoxide production of CD177pos cells to the level of the CD177neg cells.	Superoxides	151-161	proteinase 3	Mus musculus	31-35
35347316-5	2022	This reconfiguration maximizes NADPH yield to fuel superoxide production via NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	51-61	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	31-36
35347316-5	2022	This reconfiguration maximizes NADPH yield to fuel superoxide production via NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	51-61	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	77-82
2545706-5	1989	However, superoxide destroys the preformed hydroxyl radical spin-trapped adduct, 2,2-dimethyl-5-hydroxy-1-pyrrolidinyloxy (DMPO-OH), and DMPO-CH3.	Superoxides	9-19	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	60-64
2545706-12	1989	Although spin-trapped adducts can be destroyed by a high concentration of superoxide, or by lower concentrations of superoxide in the presence of thiol-containing compounds, our results demonstrate that such decomposition does not interfere with the ability of the spin-trapping method to detect hydroxyl radical generated by human neutrophils.	Superoxides	74-84	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	9-13
2545706-12	1989	Although spin-trapped adducts can be destroyed by a high concentration of superoxide, or by lower concentrations of superoxide in the presence of thiol-containing compounds, our results demonstrate that such decomposition does not interfere with the ability of the spin-trapping method to detect hydroxyl radical generated by human neutrophils.	Superoxides	116-126	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	9-13
2473663-5	1989	A time response (5-120 min) of 100 pmol/L rh-GM-CSF revealed enhanced PMN O2 release, maximal response occurring at 30-60 min (140-150%) (p less than or equal to 0.006).	Superoxides	74-76	colony stimulating factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	45-51
2552754-1	1989	Singlet oxygen generation is reported from (1) enzymatic reaction and (2) electron transfer reactions of the superoxide anion measured directly with an ultrasensitive near-IR emission spectrophotometer by monitoring the O2(1 delta g)----O2 (3 sigma g-) transition at 1268 nm.	Superoxides	109-125	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	220-239
2552329-8	1989	Consequently, inhibition of nitric oxide-induced cyclic GMP formation by LY 83583, which may act by intracellular generation of superoxide anions, facilitates platelet activation.	Superoxides	128-145	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II	Homo sapiens	56-59
2552770-0	1989	Rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid phospholipase A2 activating protein (PLAP) stimulates human neutrophil degranulation and superoxide ion production.	Superoxides	125-135	phospholipase A2 activating protein	Homo sapiens	36-71
2552770-0	1989	Rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid phospholipase A2 activating protein (PLAP) stimulates human neutrophil degranulation and superoxide ion production.	Superoxides	125-135	phospholipase A2 activating protein	Homo sapiens	73-77
2542378-7	1989	Lipocortin I, a glucocorticoid inducible and phospholipase A2 inhibitory protein, inhibited O2- generation initiated by A23187 but failed to modulate the respiratory burst activated by PMA.	Superoxides	92-94	annexin A1	Homo sapiens	45-80
2541202-0	1989	A phospholipase A2-activating protein (PLAP) stimulates human neutrophil aggregation and release of lysosomal enzymes, superoxide, and eicosanoids.	Superoxides	119-129	phospholipase A2 activating protein	Homo sapiens	2-37
2541202-0	1989	A phospholipase A2-activating protein (PLAP) stimulates human neutrophil aggregation and release of lysosomal enzymes, superoxide, and eicosanoids.	Superoxides	119-129	phospholipase A2 activating protein	Homo sapiens	39-43
2541202-5	1989	PLAP induced neutrophils to release beta-glucuronidase and metalloproteinase enzyme activities as well as produce superoxide ion in both a dose- and time-dependent manner.	Superoxides	114-124	phospholipase A2 activating protein	Homo sapiens	0-4
2541192-5	1989	Maximal potentiation of PMN activity occurred at 100 units of IL-4 (6.3 nmol superoxide produced without IL-4 to 9.8 nmol at 100 units; p less than 0.01).	Superoxides	77-87	interleukin-4	Ovis aries	62-66
2538510-3	1989	However, the ability to generate O2- in response to PMA could be induced in BMM by pre-exposing the cells to certain cytokines, including granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), IFN-gamma, and, to a lesser extent, IL-1 alpha.	Superoxides	33-35	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	138-164
2538510-3	1989	However, the ability to generate O2- in response to PMA could be induced in BMM by pre-exposing the cells to certain cytokines, including granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), IFN-gamma, and, to a lesser extent, IL-1 alpha.	Superoxides	33-35	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	166-172
2547098-5	1989	PAF induced the superoxide production from rat PMN in a dose dependent manner.	Superoxides	16-26	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
20702295-0	1989	The antioxidant effects of copper sulphate on the actions of a phorbol ester and a xanthine-xanthine oxidase superoxide-anion generating system in murine epidermal cells.	Superoxides	109-125	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	92-108
20702295-4	1989	The superoxide generating system xanthine-xanthine oxidase was shown to induce ornithine decarboxylase by two- to threefold; such induction was partially inhibited by CuSO(4).	Superoxides	4-14	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	42-58
20702295-4	1989	The superoxide generating system xanthine-xanthine oxidase was shown to induce ornithine decarboxylase by two- to threefold; such induction was partially inhibited by CuSO(4).	Superoxides	4-14	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	79-102
2848319-2	1988	Anion exchange chromatography separated from normal neutrophil cytosol a 47-kilodalton neutrophil cytosol factor, NCF-1, that restored activity to defective neutrophil cytosol from most patients with autosomally inherited CGD in a cell-free O2.--generating system.	Superoxides	241-243	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	114-119
3411191-5	1988	Direct oxidant-mediated cytotoxicity induced by either H2O2 or the superoxide anion radical (as generated by xanthine-xanthine oxidase) also resulted in more significant injury to hypocatalasemic RBCs than to normocatalasemic RBCs (p less than 0.05, both comparisons).	Superoxides	67-91	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	118-134
2450644-4	1988	(b) Interferon induces xanthine oxidase; superoxide generated by interferon-induced xanthine oxidase destroys cytochrome P-450.	Superoxides	41-51	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	23-39
2450644-4	1988	(b) Interferon induces xanthine oxidase; superoxide generated by interferon-induced xanthine oxidase destroys cytochrome P-450.	Superoxides	41-51	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	84-100
2829973-7	1988	Both creatine kinase and glycogen phosphorylase b competed favorably with ferricytochrome c for superoxide anion in the standard xanthine oxidase system for the generation of oxyradicals and H2O2.	Superoxides	96-112	glycogen phosphorylase B	Homo sapiens	25-49
3338107-4	1988	In order to mimick AO released by phagocytes we used xanthine/xanthine oxidase as a source of extracellular superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	108-118	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	62-78
2827493-11	1988	Serum obtained from thrombin-generated whole blood also resulted in a modest degree of neutrophil superoxide anion generation, but this did not occur with plasma-derived serum.	Superoxides	98-114	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Bos taurus	20-28
2827493-12	1988	The results indicate that serum factors obtained by clotting blood with thrombin induce neutrophil aggregation and neutrophil adherence to the endothelium as well as superoxide production.	Superoxides	166-176	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Bos taurus	72-80
2820605-0	1987	Decreased stimulation by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate of superoxide radical production by polymorphonuclear leukocytes carrying the Mediterranean variant of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.	Superoxides	65-83	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	165-198
2820605-5	1987	G6PD activity is not detectable in the deficient PMNs incubated with dehydroepiandrosterone, and these cells show a near complete inhibition of O2- production.	Superoxides	144-146	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	0-4
3305576-14	1987	These results (a) suggest that the two polypeptides are in close association and are part of the cytochrome b, (b) provide explanation for the molecular weight discrepancies previously reported for the protein, and (c) further support the involvement of the cytochrome in superoxide production in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	272-282	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	97-109
3632631-0	1987	NADPH-binding component of the superoxide-generating oxidase in unstimulated neutrophils and the neutrophils from the patients with chronic granulomatous disease.	Superoxides	31-41	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
3632631-1	1987	The NADPH-binding component of the neutrophil superoxide-generating oxidase was studied in the particulate oxidase fractions obtained from the neutrophils of normal and chronic-granulomatous-disease (CGD) patients.	Superoxides	46-56	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	4-9
2822547-0	1987	Spin-trapping evidence that graded myocardial ischemia alters post-ischemic superoxide production.	Superoxides	76-86	spindlin 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
3011108-7	1986	K0.5 (half-maximal activation) for the PMA activation of purified protein kinase C was shown to be equivalent to the K0.5 for PMA stimulation of superoxide (O-2) production in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes, suggesting that protein kinase C is involved in activation of the NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	145-155	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	157-160
3707996-6	1986	Superoxide dismutase induction does not appear to be a response that is specific to paraquat, since another superoxide-generating compound, juglone, caused a similar increase in total superoxide dismutase activity.	Superoxides	108-118	superoxide dismutase	Zea mays	184-204
3707996-7	1986	Therefore, the effect of these compounds on the expression of the maize Sod genes is exerted via their ability to generate superoxide.	Superoxides	123-133	superoxide dismutase	Zea mays	72-75
3698012-8	1986	Furthermore, cell lysis induced by beta-HMT appears to be independent of oxygen-dependent mechanisms, since catalase is incapable of blocking lysis, and since hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion are not produced in detectable amounts during lysis.	Superoxides	181-197	histamine N-methyltransferase	Homo sapiens	40-43
3012624-1	1986	Oxygen is a potent sensitizer of cells exposed to ionizing radiation, and, although the exact chemical mechanisms are not fully understood, some evidence suggests that this sensitization may involve the formation of superoxide anion radicals (.O-2) [F. Lavelle, A. M. Michelson, and L. Dimitrijevic, Biochem.	Superoxides	216-241	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	244-247
3009441-2	1986	The ratio of superoxide production to oxidation of NADPH affected by the NADPH:O2 oxidoreductase of human neutrophils is strongly influenced by pH, NADPH substrate concentration, aging of the enzyme, or its exposure to excess deoxycholate.	Superoxides	13-23	thioredoxin reductase 1	Homo sapiens	82-96
3009441-5	1986	Following storage of the oxidoreductase overnight on ice, its Km for NADPH rose to 125 microM as determined by monitoring oxidation of NADPH but was unaltered when measured in terms of superoxide production.	Superoxides	185-195	thioredoxin reductase 1	Homo sapiens	25-39
3009441-12	1986	The reduced form of the neutrophil oxidoreductase, like xanthine oxidase, thus appears to be capable of conducting both 1- and 2-electron transfer steps in reducing O2.	Superoxides	165-167	thioredoxin reductase 1	Homo sapiens	35-49
3010990-0	1986	Spin-trapping of superoxide ion by a water-soluble, nitroso-aromatic spin-trap.	Superoxides	17-27	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
3010990-0	1986	Spin-trapping of superoxide ion by a water-soluble, nitroso-aromatic spin-trap.	Superoxides	17-27	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	69-73
3010990-1	1986	Spin-trapping of superoxide ion, O2-, which is produced from two different sources (OH(-)-DMSO and xanthine-xanthine oxidase systems), was investigated by use of a water-soluble, notroso-aromatic spin trap, sodium 3,5-dibromo-4-nitrosobenzene-sulfonate (DBNBS).	Superoxides	17-27	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
3010990-1	1986	Spin-trapping of superoxide ion, O2-, which is produced from two different sources (OH(-)-DMSO and xanthine-xanthine oxidase systems), was investigated by use of a water-soluble, notroso-aromatic spin trap, sodium 3,5-dibromo-4-nitrosobenzene-sulfonate (DBNBS).	Superoxides	17-27	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	196-200
3010990-1	1986	Spin-trapping of superoxide ion, O2-, which is produced from two different sources (OH(-)-DMSO and xanthine-xanthine oxidase systems), was investigated by use of a water-soluble, notroso-aromatic spin trap, sodium 3,5-dibromo-4-nitrosobenzene-sulfonate (DBNBS).	Superoxides	33-35	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
3010990-1	1986	Spin-trapping of superoxide ion, O2-, which is produced from two different sources (OH(-)-DMSO and xanthine-xanthine oxidase systems), was investigated by use of a water-soluble, notroso-aromatic spin trap, sodium 3,5-dibromo-4-nitrosobenzene-sulfonate (DBNBS).	Superoxides	33-35	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	196-200
2419007-5	1986	NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase and similar flavo-enzymes activate quinones via one-electron reduction into semiquinone free radicals, which then react with molecular oxygen, forming superoxide anions.	Superoxides	184-201	NADPH--cytochrome P450 reductase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	0-32
2987422-0	1985	Superoxide anion (O-2) production by peripheral blood monocytes in Hodgkin"s disease and malignant lymphoma.	Superoxides	0-16	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	18-21
2987422-1	1985	Superoxide anion (O-2) is the first metabolite of the monocyte oxygen burst pathway, which plays an important role in the monocyte microbicidal function.	Superoxides	0-16	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	18-21
2409774-1	1985	Histamine inhibits superoxide anion (O-2) production from human neutrophils stimulated by N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP).	Superoxides	19-35	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	37-40
2990646-4	1985	The cell lysis by the superoxide-generating xanthine oxidase system was not significantly increased by SOD, but was significantly decreased by nitroblue tetrazolium and completely abolished by catalase.	Superoxides	22-32	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	44-60
2983900-1	1985	Both dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and the synthetic steroid 16 alpha-Br-epiandrosterone (Br-Epi), a more potent inhibitor of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) than DHEA, inhibit the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) stimulation of superoxide anion (O2-) formation by human neutrophils.	Superoxides	249-265	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	126-159
2983900-1	1985	Both dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and the synthetic steroid 16 alpha-Br-epiandrosterone (Br-Epi), a more potent inhibitor of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) than DHEA, inhibit the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) stimulation of superoxide anion (O2-) formation by human neutrophils.	Superoxides	267-270	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	126-159
2985397-1	1985	We examined superoxide (O-2)-generating activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) from a patient with lung cancer in whom there was a marked granulocytosis.	Superoxides	12-22	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	24-27
2850266-7	1985	The 31,500 protein was phosphorylated in enzyme preparations from activated but not from resting neutrophils, suggesting that phosphorylation of cytochrome b-245 is involved in the activation mechanism of the O2(-) -forming enzyme responsible for the respiratory burst in phagocytes.	Superoxides	209-211	cytochrome b	Sus scrofa	145-157
3997560-4	1985	Xanthine oxidase, a key enzyme of this pathway, produces superoxide during its reaction with its substrates.	Superoxides	57-67	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	0-16
6095866-10	1984	EPR-spin-trapping studies of irradiated mixtures, containing the drugs and 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (as spin trap), suggest the production of superoxide radical by photoexcited promazines.	Superoxides	150-168	TRAP	Homo sapiens	9-13
6517596-5	1984	Iron-dependent lipid peroxidation appears to be responsible for at least part of the conversion of 1-naphthol to predominantly 1,4-naphthoquinone, and it seems likely that superoxide anion radical generation by NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase could also catalyze this conversion.	Superoxides	172-196	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	211-243
6096475-4	1984	Release of superoxide anion (O-2) was up to 7-times greater in cells preincubated with LPS, depending upon the stimulus used.	Superoxides	11-27	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	29-32
6093657-1	1984	Phagocytosis of Mycobacterium intracellulare triggered the release of superoxide anion (O-2) from mouse peritoneal macrophages; the amount release from BCG-activated cells was significantly greater than that from resident cells.	Superoxides	70-86	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	88-91
6497852-7	1984	Three different additives, quinacrine, p-chloromercuribenzoate and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, strongly inhibited O2.- generation; they also inhibited the reduction by NADPH of cytochrome b at the same low concentrations.	Superoxides	118-120	cytochrome b	Sus scrofa	181-193
6497852-11	1984	The oxidase was temperature-sensitive, with a sharp maximum at 25 degrees C; temperatures above this caused loss of O2.- generation, and this coincided with loss of the characteristic cytochrome b spectrum, indicate of denaturation of the cytochrome.	Superoxides	116-118	cytochrome b	Sus scrofa	184-196
6093764-4	1984	It was proposed that allopurinol, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor, would decrease the rate of superoxide formation thus delaying the onset of oxygen-induced seizures.	Superoxides	91-101	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	36-52
6316150-1	1983	Copper, zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD) catalyses the very rapid two-step dismutation of the toxic superoxide radical (O-2) to molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide through the alternate reduction and oxidation of the active-site copper.	Superoxides	99-117	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	119-122
6316150-3	1983	There is a single, highly complementary position for O-2 to bind to both the Cu(II) and activity-important Arg 141 with correct geometry; two water molecules form a ghost of the superoxide in this position.	Superoxides	178-188	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	53-56
6640844-4	1983	CuZn-superoxide dismutase (SOD, a scavenger of superoxide radicals), catalase (CAT, a scavenger of hydrogen peroxide) and mannitol (a scavenger of hydroxyl radicals) suppressed ODC induction under all three conditions.	Superoxides	5-15	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	177-180
6311564-3	1983	The method consists in the evaluation of the stimulation of superoxide anion (O-2) production (as superoxide dismutase-sensitive cytochrome c reduction) by leukocytes in whole blood challenged with (a) phagocytosable particles (opsonized zymosan); (b) particles that become phagocytosable by virtue of the opsonizing capacity of the plasma of blood samples (zymosan); and (c) a soluble agent such as phorbol myristate acetate.	Superoxides	60-76	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	78-81
6848934-2	1983	The heme-containing protein cytochrome b-245 has been proposed as a primary component of the microbicidal oxidase system of phagocytes that normally generates superoxide-free radicals but when defective is associated with chronic granulomatous disease.	Superoxides	159-169	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	28-40
6316379-1	1983	The reactions of oxidation of NADH by Dopa and Dopamine-melanins show inhibition with low quantities of Superoxide dismutase, the enzyme which catalyzes the reaction: O2- + O2- + 2H+ leads to H2O2 + O2 and which has been used as an indicator of the involvement of superoxide ions in many biochemical systems.	Superoxides	167-169	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	192-201
6316379-1	1983	The reactions of oxidation of NADH by Dopa and Dopamine-melanins show inhibition with low quantities of Superoxide dismutase, the enzyme which catalyzes the reaction: O2- + O2- + 2H+ leads to H2O2 + O2 and which has been used as an indicator of the involvement of superoxide ions in many biochemical systems.	Superoxides	173-175	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	192-201
6316379-1	1983	The reactions of oxidation of NADH by Dopa and Dopamine-melanins show inhibition with low quantities of Superoxide dismutase, the enzyme which catalyzes the reaction: O2- + O2- + 2H+ leads to H2O2 + O2 and which has been used as an indicator of the involvement of superoxide ions in many biochemical systems.	Superoxides	264-274	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	192-201
6295490-10	1982	O-2 was generated by the reduction of O2 by a radical derived from bistris.	Superoxides	38-40	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	0-3
6295572-1	1982	The spectrum of biological processes in which oxygen is used by living systems is quite large, and the products include some damaging species of activated oxygen, particularly the superoxide radical (O-.2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).	Superoxides	180-198	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	200-204
6287090-1	1982	Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) release superoxide anion (O-2) when they are exposed to a phagocytic stimulus.	Superoxides	44-60	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	62-65
6270983-4	1981	The mechanism of methemoglobin formation by nitrite was discussed in regard to the oxidation of hemoglobin by superoxide and hydrogen peroxide as generated by the interaction of nitrite with hemoglobin.	Superoxides	110-120	hemoglobin subunit gamma 2	Homo sapiens	17-30
6260686-2	1981	Coformycin, a specific inhibitor of adenosine deaminase, inhibited the activation of macrophages, as measured by superoxide generation.	Superoxides	113-123	adenosine deaminase	Homo sapiens	36-55
6261743-0	1981	Spin trap evidence for production of superoxide radical anions by purified NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase.	Superoxides	37-62	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
6258576-20	1980	Thus the effect of superoxide may involve NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase and cytosolically orientated membrane factor(s).	Superoxides	19-29	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	42-74
10574916-4	1999	We show that O-(2) is kinetically more efficient and chemically more specific oxidant than H(2)O(2) for inactivating PTP-1B.	Superoxides	13-18	protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	117-123
10694034-8	1999	An increased formation rate of O2*- was observed in damaged PSII where the SOD activity decreased following a treatment with a free radical-generating system.	Superoxides	31-33	SOD	Triticum aestivum	75-78
10527939-3	1999	The overall oxidation of NADPH occurred similarly in the absence of O(2) and was insensitive to scavengers of the superoxide radical anion.	Superoxides	68-72	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	25-30
10578126-3	1999	3 PP1, an inhibitor of the src-family of protein tyrosine kinases, inhibited adhesion and CD11b/CD18-mediated superoxide anion generation with similar potencies (pEC50s=-5.53 and -5.99 respectively) suggesting that inhibition of the NADPH oxidase was a direct consequence of blocking adhesion.	Superoxides	110-126	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	90-95
10550898-6	1999	We suggest that the spreading lesion phenotype of lsd1 results from a lack of up-regulation of a CuZnSOD responsible for detoxification of accumulating superoxide before the reactive oxygen species can trigger a cell death cascade.	Superoxides	152-162	LSD1 zinc finger family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	50-54
10393079-1	1999	It is commonly assumed that activation of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase requires the formation of a stable complex between flavocytochrome b-245 (the gp91phox/p22phox heterodimer) and the cytosolic cofactors p47phox, p67phox and Rac2.	Superoxides	46-56	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	160-168
10393079-1	1999	It is commonly assumed that activation of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase requires the formation of a stable complex between flavocytochrome b-245 (the gp91phox/p22phox heterodimer) and the cytosolic cofactors p47phox, p67phox and Rac2.	Superoxides	46-56	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	218-225
10485318-5	1999	These findings suggest that MnSOD in peroxisomes may play an important role in the dismutation of superoxide generated on the peroxisomal membrane for keeping the delicate balance of the redox state.	Superoxides	98-108	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	28-33
10377083-3	1999	We hypothesized that either angiotensin II or ET-1 may increase vascular O2.- production during nitrate therapy.	Superoxides	73-75	endothelin-1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	46-50
10377083-14	1999	CONCLUSIONS: The positive effects of AT1 and ET-1 receptor blockade on tolerance and O2.- production imply a pathophysiological role for angiotensin II and to some extent for ET-1 in the development of nitrate tolerance.	Superoxides	85-87	endothelin-1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	45-49
10377083-14	1999	CONCLUSIONS: The positive effects of AT1 and ET-1 receptor blockade on tolerance and O2.- production imply a pathophysiological role for angiotensin II and to some extent for ET-1 in the development of nitrate tolerance.	Superoxides	85-87	endothelin-1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	175-179
10348862-8	1999	In addition, when a microaerophilic culture entered into the stationary phase at 20 days, transcription of hmp increased to a small extent after exposure to S-nitrosoglutathione (a nitric oxide [NO] releaser) and sodium nitroprusside (an NO+ donor) and decreased after exposure to paraquat (a superoxide generator) and H2O2.	Superoxides	293-303	inner membrane mitochondrial protein	Homo sapiens	107-110
9922209-0	1999	Superoxide mediates cigarette smoke-induced infiltration of neutrophils into the airways through nuclear factor-kappaB activation and IL-8 mRNA expression in guinea pigs in vivo.	Superoxides	0-10	interleukin-8	Cavia porcellus	134-138
9922209-1	1999	We examined the hypothesis that superoxide mediates infiltration of neutrophils to the airways through nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB and interleukin-8 (IL-8) after acute exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) in vivo.	Superoxides	32-42	interleukin-8	Cavia porcellus	134-147
9922209-1	1999	We examined the hypothesis that superoxide mediates infiltration of neutrophils to the airways through nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB and interleukin-8 (IL-8) after acute exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) in vivo.	Superoxides	32-42	interleukin-8	Cavia porcellus	149-153
9922209-11	1999	These observations suggest that acute exposure to CS initiates superoxide-dependent mechanism that, through NF-kappaB activation and IL-8 mRNA expression, produces infiltration of neutrophils to the airways in vivo.	Superoxides	63-73	interleukin-8	Cavia porcellus	133-137
9933760-5	1999	These results suggested that superoxide anion/hydrogen peroxide generated during the ischemia-reperfusion other than EGF could act as an activator for the EGFR.	Superoxides	29-45	epidermal growth factor receptor	Rattus norvegicus	155-159
10761632-5	1999	The demonstration of the presence of the elastin receptor on leukocytes facilitated the detailed description of the transmission pathway from receptor to the intracellular sites activated by the receptor: modifications of ion fluxes, increase of elastase production and excretion of reactive oxygen species, superoxide and NO*.	Superoxides	308-318	elastin	Homo sapiens	41-48
10761632-6	1999	The calcium transients triggered by elastin peptides acting on the receptor decrease with age, the receptor appears to be uncoupled from the G-proteins, but superoxide release is increased.	Superoxides	157-167	elastin	Homo sapiens	36-43
10343137-10	1999	CONCLUSION: The production of superoxide correlates with HSP70 induction, but not with LDH release.	Superoxides	30-40	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 4	Homo sapiens	57-62
9872931-3	1999	A constitutive cellular production of low levels of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide originates from various sources; among these, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), the plasma membrane-bound activity in charge of metabolizing extracellular reduced glutathione, has recently been included.	Superoxides	52-62	inactive glutathione hydrolase 2	Homo sapiens	131-160
9872931-3	1999	A constitutive cellular production of low levels of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide originates from various sources; among these, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), the plasma membrane-bound activity in charge of metabolizing extracellular reduced glutathione, has recently been included.	Superoxides	52-62	inactive glutathione hydrolase 2	Homo sapiens	162-165
9862783-3	1999	LY293111 inhibited LTB4-induced human neutrophil aggregation (IC50 = 32 +/- 5 nM), luminol-dependent chemiluminescence (IC50 = 20 +/- 2 nM), chemotaxis (IC50 = 6.3 +/- 1.7 nM), and superoxide production by adherent cells (IC50 = 0.5 nM).	Superoxides	181-191	prostaglandin reductase 1	Cavia porcellus	19-23
9880404-1	1999	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE--Endothelin-1, in concentrations similar to that present in cerebrospinal fluid after fluid percussion brain injury (FPI), increases superoxide anion (O2-) production.	Superoxides	156-172	endothelin-1	Sus scrofa	24-36
9880404-1	1999	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE--Endothelin-1, in concentrations similar to that present in cerebrospinal fluid after fluid percussion brain injury (FPI), increases superoxide anion (O2-) production.	Superoxides	174-176	endothelin-1	Sus scrofa	24-36
9837891-1	1998	The efflux of protons through a H+ channel acts as the charge compensation pathway for the electrogenic generation of superoxide (O-2) by human neutrophil NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	118-128	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	130-133
9843849-2	1998	NO can combine with superoxide (O-2) to form peroxynitrite, which can decompose into nitrate.	Superoxides	20-30	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	32-35
9801159-0	1998	Impaired production of nitric oxide, superoxide, and hydrogen peroxide in glucose 6-phosphate-dehydrogenase-deficient granulocytes.	Superoxides	37-47	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	74-107
9856484-0	1998	Drug-selected complete restoration of superoxide generation in Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B cells from p47phox-deficient chronic granulomatous disease patients by using a bicistronic retrovirus vector encoding a human multi-drug resistance gene (MDR1) and the p47phox gene.	Superoxides	38-48	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	107-114
9856484-2	1998	One-third of the cases of CGD in the USA and Europe results from defects in the gene encoding p47phox, a cytoplasmic component of NADPH oxidase for superoxide generation.	Superoxides	148-158	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	94-101
17563559-2	2007	The C242T polymorphism of the CYBA gene that encodes p22phox, a component of NADPH oxidase, has been found to modulate superoxide production.	Superoxides	119-129	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	53-60
9770244-4	1998	Additionally, it stimulates mRNA levels for superoxide dismutase and the activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (all of which are antioxidative enzymes), thereby increasing its antioxidative capacity.	Superoxides	44-54	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	137-170
10189055-3	1998	This study evaluated the effects of mammalian tachykinins and selective tachykinin agonists and antagonists on human monocytes isolated from healthy donors: SP, NKA and NKB all evoked a dose-dependent superoxide anion (O2-) production and the NK2 selective agonist [beta-Ala8]-NKA(4-10) induced a full response.	Superoxides	219-221	tachykinin receptor 2	Homo sapiens	243-246
17250890-4	2007	Cytochrome c release to cytoplasm, superoxide anion overproduction and ATP depletion in NB4 cells induce, 16 h later, apoptosis by a typical caspase-9/caspase-3-dependent intrinsic pathway.	Superoxides	35-51	caspase 9	Homo sapiens	141-150
9582295-3	1998	In such studies 3-morpholinosydnonimine N-ethylcarbamide (SIN-1), a compound that simultaneously releases nitric oxide (.NO) and superoxide (O-2), is often used as a source for peroxynitrite.	Superoxides	129-139	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	141-144
17344208-10	2007	Finally, we demonstrate that T. thermophilus PRODH reacts with O(2) producing superoxide.	Superoxides	63-67	proline dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	45-50
9585526-1	1998	The small molecular weight GTP-binding protein Rac (1 or 2) is an obligatory participant in the activation of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	114-124	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	47-58
9556587-10	1998	The detection of NADPH-oxidizing activities and a production of superoxide anion catalyzed by mtNOS and recombinant cytochrome P450 reductase were consistent with the sequence homology reported for these two proteins.	Superoxides	64-80	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	116-141
17344208-10	2007	Finally, we demonstrate that T. thermophilus PRODH reacts with O(2) producing superoxide.	Superoxides	78-88	proline dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	45-50
9581796-7	1998	In LPS-activated Kupffer cells, the elevated expression of glucose transporter GLUT1 and G6PD mainly serves primed production of superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide.	Superoxides	129-145	solute carrier family 2 member 1	Homo sapiens	79-84
9581796-7	1998	In LPS-activated Kupffer cells, the elevated expression of glucose transporter GLUT1 and G6PD mainly serves primed production of superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide.	Superoxides	129-145	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	89-93
9635370-3	1998	METHODS: Stimulus induced superoxide anion (O2-) production in response to PMA (200 ng/mL), fMLP (1 mumol/L), platelet activating factor (PAF, 2 mumol/L) priming of the fMLP induced response, and opsonized zymosan OZ (1 mg/mL) was measured.	Superoxides	26-42	peroxisomal biogenesis factor 6	Homo sapiens	138-144
9635370-3	1998	METHODS: Stimulus induced superoxide anion (O2-) production in response to PMA (200 ng/mL), fMLP (1 mumol/L), platelet activating factor (PAF, 2 mumol/L) priming of the fMLP induced response, and opsonized zymosan OZ (1 mg/mL) was measured.	Superoxides	44-46	peroxisomal biogenesis factor 6	Homo sapiens	138-144
9497394-7	1998	Alanine substitution or deletion of the carboxyl-terminal Phe570 in gp91phox resulted in a 2-fold reduction in superoxide production.	Superoxides	111-121	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	68-76
9579260-1	1998	PURPOSE: We investigated the relationship between the generation of superoxide radicals and histopathological changes on delayed neuronal death in the hippocampal CA1 subfield.	Superoxides	68-87	carbonic anhydrase 1	Homo sapiens	163-166
9579260-11	1998	CONCLUSION: There is a correlation between the generation of superoxide radicals and histopathological changes of the pyramidal cells in the hippocampal CA1 subfield.	Superoxides	61-80	carbonic anhydrase 1	Homo sapiens	153-156
17344208-11	2007	This is significant because superoxide production underlies the role of human PRODH in p53-mediated apoptosis, implying commonalities between eukaryotic and bacterial monofunctional PRODHs.	Superoxides	28-38	proline dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	78-83
9488113-4	1998	The superoxide production observed during NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase-dependent monoelectronic reduction of four xenobiotics, menadione, anthraquinone, nitrofurazone and diquat, was also investigated in these cultured cells at confluence.	Superoxides	4-14	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	42-73
17466497-5	2007	UCP-1 expression in aortic smooth muscle cells causes hypertension, enhanced superoxide anion production and decreased the availability of NO, suggesting that inefficient metabolism in blood vessels causes atherosclerosis without affecting cholesterol levels.	Superoxides	77-93	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
9445352-13	1998	It suggests that Mn-SOD protects the cells in these regions from superoxide-induced damage and therefore may limit the retrograde and anterograde spread of neurotoxicity.	Superoxides	65-75	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	17-23
9425254-1	1997	The cytosolic proteins p47phox and p67phox, each containing two SH3 domains, are required for activation of the superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase in a cell-free system with human neutrophil membrane and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	112-122	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	23-30
9464844-7	1997	[Ca2+]i measured with fluo-3-loaded PMN by flow cytometry and O2- production determined by lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence were inhibited by co-cross-linking of CD45 with Fc gammaRIIa in comparison to isotype control monoclonal antibody (mAb).	Superoxides	62-64	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C	Homo sapiens	167-171
9464844-9	1997	In summary, both clustered human RPTP, CD45 and CD148, inhibit Fc gammaRIIa-induced O2- production in PMN, but they differ in regulation of [Ca2+]i.	Superoxides	84-86	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C	Homo sapiens	39-43
9400607-8	1997	In addition, GM-CSF was also found to synergistically enhance the superoxide production by neutrophils in response to EBV.	Superoxides	66-76	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	13-19
17524831-9	2007	CONCLUSIONS: I/R-induced liver injury was associated with cardiovascular injury, perhaps resulting from inflammatory responses triggered by elevated levels of reactive radical species of nitric oxide, superoxide, and peroxynitrite, by which PARP was activated.	Superoxides	201-211	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Rattus norvegicus	241-245
9374727-2	1997	Because superoxide rapidly scavenges .NO, forming the injurious peroxynitrite anion (OONO-), we hypothesize that stimulated cells upregulate EC-SOD expression concurrently with .NO release.	Superoxides	8-18	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	141-147
17339545-8	2007	Administration of the globular domain of adiponectin 10 minutes before reperfusion reduced myocardial ischemia/reperfusion-induced iNOS/gp91(phox) protein expression, decreased NO/superoxide production, blocked peroxynitrite formation, and reversed proapoptotic and infarct-enlargement effects observed in adiponectin-/- mice.	Superoxides	180-190	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Mus musculus	41-52
9785091-2	1997	In cells of young healthy subjects the elastin peptides, the agonists of receptor, stimulated both superoxide anion release from PMNs and phagocytosis of coated human red cells by monocytes.	Superoxides	99-115	elastin	Homo sapiens	39-46
9359403-8	1997	Whereas both fMLP and GM-CSF stimulated superoxide production, IL-3 failed to activate respiratory burst activity.	Superoxides	40-50	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	22-28
17346712-1	2007	Superoxide generation by NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5) is regulated by Ca(2+) through intramolecular activation of the C-terminal catalytic domain by the EF-hand-containing N-terminal regulatory domain.	Superoxides	0-10	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	25-40
9370364-1	1997	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytic cells is a multicomponent system containing a membrane-bound flavocytochrome b and a small G protein Rac as well as cytosolic factors p67phox, p47phox and p40phox which translocate to the membrane upon activation.	Superoxides	4-14	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	205-212
9231752-0	1997	Differential vulnerability of the CA1 and CA3 subfields of the hippocampus to superoxide and hydroxyl radicals in vitro.	Superoxides	78-88	carbonic anhydrase 1	Homo sapiens	34-37
9231752-2	1997	Cultures exposed to 100 microM duroquinone, a superoxide-generating compound, for 3 h developed CA1-selective lesions over a period of 24 h. The damage accounted for approximately 64% of the CA1 subfield, whereas CA3 showed just 6% damage, a pattern of damage comparable to that observed following hypoxia/ischaemia.	Superoxides	46-56	carbonic anhydrase 1	Homo sapiens	96-99
9231752-6	1997	These data demonstrate a selective vulnerability of the CA1 pyramidal neurones to superoxide-induced damage and suggest that of the free radicals generated following hypoxia/ischaemia, superoxide, rather than hydroxyl radical, is instrumental in producing neuronal damage.	Superoxides	82-92	carbonic anhydrase 1	Homo sapiens	56-59
17346712-1	2007	Superoxide generation by NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5) is regulated by Ca(2+) through intramolecular activation of the C-terminal catalytic domain by the EF-hand-containing N-terminal regulatory domain.	Superoxides	0-10	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	42-46
9231752-6	1997	These data demonstrate a selective vulnerability of the CA1 pyramidal neurones to superoxide-induced damage and suggest that of the free radicals generated following hypoxia/ischaemia, superoxide, rather than hydroxyl radical, is instrumental in producing neuronal damage.	Superoxides	185-195	carbonic anhydrase 1	Homo sapiens	56-59
9291376-5	1997	Our hypothesis is that the well-recognized postinjury mediators platelet-activating factor (PAF) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) prime PMNs for the concordant release of elastase and superoxide (O2-) as well as for CD11b up-regulation.	Superoxides	177-187	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	209-214
9291376-5	1997	Our hypothesis is that the well-recognized postinjury mediators platelet-activating factor (PAF) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) prime PMNs for the concordant release of elastase and superoxide (O2-) as well as for CD11b up-regulation.	Superoxides	189-191	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	209-214
17346712-4	2007	This mechanism represents an additional sophistication in the regulation of superoxide production by NOX5.	Superoxides	76-86	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	101-105
9195914-13	1997	They also highlight the primary importance of CXCR1 in chemokine-mediated release of granule enzymes and superoxide generation.	Superoxides	105-115	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 1	Homo sapiens	46-51
9151291-10	1997	These results suggest that the suppression of PKC activity through the interaction with the regulatory region of PKC is involved in the inhibition by cycloheterophyllin of the O2- generation in rat neutrophils.	Superoxides	176-178	protein kinase C, beta	Rattus norvegicus	46-49
9151291-10	1997	These results suggest that the suppression of PKC activity through the interaction with the regulatory region of PKC is involved in the inhibition by cycloheterophyllin of the O2- generation in rat neutrophils.	Superoxides	176-178	protein kinase C, beta	Rattus norvegicus	113-116
9131041-1	1997	The superoxide (O2-)-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytic cells is composed of a membrane-bound flavocytochrome (cytochrome b-559) and three cytosolic components, p47-phox, p67-phox, and the small GTPase rac-1 (or 2).	Superoxides	4-14	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	115-127
9131041-1	1997	The superoxide (O2-)-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytic cells is composed of a membrane-bound flavocytochrome (cytochrome b-559) and three cytosolic components, p47-phox, p67-phox, and the small GTPase rac-1 (or 2).	Superoxides	4-14	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	165-173
17320757-0	2007	Reduction of hexavalent chromium by human cytochrome b5: generation of hydroxyl radical and superoxide.	Superoxides	92-102	cytochrome b5 type A	Homo sapiens	42-55
9131041-1	1997	The superoxide (O2-)-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytic cells is composed of a membrane-bound flavocytochrome (cytochrome b-559) and three cytosolic components, p47-phox, p67-phox, and the small GTPase rac-1 (or 2).	Superoxides	4-14	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	206-217
9079661-6	1997	Reduced XDH reacts with oxygen in at least 4 bi-molecular steps, with 1.7-1.9 mol of superoxide per mol of XDH formed from the last 2 electrons oxidized.	Superoxides	85-95	xanthine dehydrogenase	Bos taurus	8-11
17209050-1	2007	The interaction of C1q with specific cells of the immune system induces activities, such as enhancement of phagocytosis in monocytes and stimulation of superoxide production in neutrophils.	Superoxides	152-162	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	19-22
9079661-6	1997	Reduced XDH reacts with oxygen in at least 4 bi-molecular steps, with 1.7-1.9 mol of superoxide per mol of XDH formed from the last 2 electrons oxidized.	Superoxides	85-95	xanthine dehydrogenase	Bos taurus	107-110
9054508-3	1997	Thus, LSD1 monitors a superoxide-dependent signal and negatively regulates a plant cell death pathway.	Superoxides	22-32	LSD1 zinc finger family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	6-10
9067545-6	1997	Overexpression of MnSOD led to a significant decrease in c-jun and c-fos expression in response to treatment with TPA or the oxidant promoter superoxide.	Superoxides	142-152	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	57-62
17220257-8	2007	The results of growth in B. mori hemolymph broth and microscopic analysis suggested that a longer lag phase and superoxide sensitivity correlated with decreased virulence in sod mutants.	Superoxides	112-122	superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Bombyx mori	174-177
9067545-6	1997	Overexpression of MnSOD led to a significant decrease in c-jun and c-fos expression in response to treatment with TPA or the oxidant promoter superoxide.	Superoxides	142-152	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	67-72
9051308-18	1997	Basal and YC-1-stimulated sGC activity was sensitive to inhibition by superoxide (O-2) generated by xanthine/xanthine oxidase, and was protected from this inhibition by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	70-80	glutathione S-transferase alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	10-14
9051308-18	1997	Basal and YC-1-stimulated sGC activity was sensitive to inhibition by superoxide (O-2) generated by xanthine/xanthine oxidase, and was protected from this inhibition by superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	82-85	glutathione S-transferase alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	10-14
9051308-20	1997	Relaxation to YC-1 was significantly attenuated in aortae from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), which generated O-2 at a higher rate than aortae from normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY).	Superoxides	118-121	glutathione S-transferase alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	14-18
9179619-0	1997	Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) inhibits human neutrophil superoxide anion production in vitro.	Superoxides	61-77	chromosome 20 open reading frame 181	Homo sapiens	0-28
9179619-0	1997	Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) inhibits human neutrophil superoxide anion production in vitro.	Superoxides	61-77	chromosome 20 open reading frame 181	Homo sapiens	30-33
9179619-1	1997	Because neutrophils contribute to reperfusion injury associated with acute myocardial infarction (MI), and because tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is often used in the management of MI, we evaluated the effect of tPA on superoxide (O2.-) production by human neutrophils in vitro.	Superoxides	223-233	chromosome 20 open reading frame 181	Homo sapiens	216-219
17339755-8	2007	TNF-alpha, but not leptin, enhanced OZP- and ZAS-induced superoxide production, possibly, in part due to facilitating translocation of p47(phox), a component of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	57-67	inhibitor of growth family member 1	Homo sapiens	135-138
9006926-4	1997	Under aerobic conditions O2 acts as the electron acceptor and is reduced to produce superoxide (O-2).	Superoxides	84-94	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	96-99
9180345-3	1997	K-elastin (KE) significantly stimulated the production of superoxide anion by PMNs from middle-aged subjects, while this stimulation decreased with age and was absent in PMNs of elderly arteriosclerotic patients.	Superoxides	58-74	elastin	Homo sapiens	2-9
17339755-9	2007	These results indicate that, unlike in human PMN, leptin does not have any direct effect on degranulation and superoxide production in bovine PMN, although TNF-alpha influences superoxide production.	Superoxides	177-187	tumor necrosis factor	Bos taurus	156-165
17332699-2	2007	First, the discovery of 7 Nox/Duox family proteins, Noxo1 and Noxa1 (homologues of gp91(phox), p47(phox) and p67(phox)) may clarify novel physiological mechanisms for superoxide regulation in various organs, such as the regulation of blood pressure, mucosal defense system in respiratory/digestive tract and nephron.	Superoxides	167-177	NADPH oxidase organizer 1	Homo sapiens	52-57
8996511-15	1997	CONCLUSIONS: These data show that ET-1, in concentrations similar to that present in cerebrospinal fluid after FPI, increases O2- production.	Superoxides	126-128	endothelin-1	Sus scrofa	34-38
8996511-17	1997	These data suggest that ET-1 contributes to altered cerebral hemodynamics after FPI, at least in part, through elevated O2- production.	Superoxides	120-122	endothelin-1	Sus scrofa	24-28
17332699-2	2007	First, the discovery of 7 Nox/Duox family proteins, Noxo1 and Noxa1 (homologues of gp91(phox), p47(phox) and p67(phox)) may clarify novel physiological mechanisms for superoxide regulation in various organs, such as the regulation of blood pressure, mucosal defense system in respiratory/digestive tract and nephron.	Superoxides	167-177	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	88-92
8954615-7	1996	LPS and IFN-gamma treatment also decreased PAF-induced, calcium-dependent O2- production.	Superoxides	74-76	patchy fur	Mus musculus	43-46
8954615-8	1996	When added together, IFN-gamma increased the suppression of PAF-induced intracellular calcium mobilization and inhibited O2- production mediated by LPS.	Superoxides	121-123	patchy fur	Mus musculus	60-63
17332699-2	2007	First, the discovery of 7 Nox/Duox family proteins, Noxo1 and Noxa1 (homologues of gp91(phox), p47(phox) and p67(phox)) may clarify novel physiological mechanisms for superoxide regulation in various organs, such as the regulation of blood pressure, mucosal defense system in respiratory/digestive tract and nephron.	Superoxides	167-177	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	95-104
8961931-4	1996	In contrast, low concentrations of isoprenylated Rac1 and Rac2 both supported high rates of superoxide generation.	Superoxides	92-102	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	49-53
8961931-6	1996	Mutation of single positively charged residues in the C terminus of nonisoprenylated Rac1 markedly reduced its ability to support superoxide generation, affecting both its EC50 and the Vmax.	Superoxides	130-140	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	85-89
8918370-1	1996	An NADPH-oxidase complex containing at least two protein components (gp91-phox and p22-phox) and a unique low redox potential (-245 mV) cytochrome b-245 is the source of superoxide generated for bacterial killing in neutrophils and has been suggested as the oxygen sensor in the carotid body.	Superoxides	170-180	cytochrome b, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	136-148
8918370-9	1996	Together these observations demonstrate that the unique cytochrome b-245 containing NADPH-oxidase is present in pulmonary artery smooth muscle and that an NADPH-oxidase or NADH-oxidoreductase complex is activated to release superoxide by hypoxic conditions.	Superoxides	224-234	cytochrome b, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	56-68
8810307-1	1996	The capacity of neutrophils to generate superoxide (O-2) can be enhanced by prior exposure to "priming" agents such as interleukin-8 (IL-8), melanoma growth-stimulatory activity (MGSA), and neutrophil-activating peptide (ENA-78).	Superoxides	40-50	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1	Homo sapiens	179-183
17332699-2	2007	First, the discovery of 7 Nox/Duox family proteins, Noxo1 and Noxa1 (homologues of gp91(phox), p47(phox) and p67(phox)) may clarify novel physiological mechanisms for superoxide regulation in various organs, such as the regulation of blood pressure, mucosal defense system in respiratory/digestive tract and nephron.	Superoxides	167-177	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	99-103
8810307-1	1996	The capacity of neutrophils to generate superoxide (O-2) can be enhanced by prior exposure to "priming" agents such as interleukin-8 (IL-8), melanoma growth-stimulatory activity (MGSA), and neutrophil-activating peptide (ENA-78).	Superoxides	40-50	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 5	Homo sapiens	221-227
8810307-1	1996	The capacity of neutrophils to generate superoxide (O-2) can be enhanced by prior exposure to "priming" agents such as interleukin-8 (IL-8), melanoma growth-stimulatory activity (MGSA), and neutrophil-activating peptide (ENA-78).	Superoxides	52-55	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1	Homo sapiens	179-183
8810307-1	1996	The capacity of neutrophils to generate superoxide (O-2) can be enhanced by prior exposure to "priming" agents such as interleukin-8 (IL-8), melanoma growth-stimulatory activity (MGSA), and neutrophil-activating peptide (ENA-78).	Superoxides	52-55	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 5	Homo sapiens	221-227
8981022-0	1996	Tyrosinase may protect human melanocytes from the cytotoxic effects of the superoxide anion.	Superoxides	75-91	tyrosinase	Homo sapiens	0-10
17126813-1	2007	NADPH oxidase organizer 1 (Noxo1), harboring a PX domain, two SH3 domains, and a proline-rich region (PRR), participates in activation of superoxide-producing Nox-family NADPH oxidases.	Superoxides	138-148	NADPH oxidase organizer 1	Homo sapiens	0-25
8981022-2	1996	In melanocytes, tyrosinase may have such a role by utilising the superoxide anion (O2-) in the production of melanin.	Superoxides	65-81	tyrosinase	Homo sapiens	16-26
8981022-2	1996	In melanocytes, tyrosinase may have such a role by utilising the superoxide anion (O2-) in the production of melanin.	Superoxides	83-85	tyrosinase	Homo sapiens	16-26
8679714-2	1996	Activation of the superoxide-generating NADPH-oxidase in phagocytic cells requires the assembly of a membrane-bound flavocytochrome b and cytosolic factors p47phox and p67phox under the control of the GTP-binding protein, Rac.	Superoxides	18-28	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	156-163
8635290-0	1996	Role of cytokines, tyrosine kinase, and protein kinase C on production of superoxide and induction of scavenging enzymes in human leukocytes.	Superoxides	74-84	TXK tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	19-34
17126813-1	2007	NADPH oxidase organizer 1 (Noxo1), harboring a PX domain, two SH3 domains, and a proline-rich region (PRR), participates in activation of superoxide-producing Nox-family NADPH oxidases.	Superoxides	138-148	NADPH oxidase organizer 1	Homo sapiens	27-32
8675190-3	1996	Rats pretreated with a specific PAF receptor antagonist exhibited suppression of the increase in plasma TNF-alpha and CINC levels, as well as the priming of peripheral neutrophils for superoxide production after reperfusion when compared with animals pretreated with physiological saline.	Superoxides	184-194	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	32-35
17126813-2	2007	Here, we show that Noxo1 supports superoxide production in a cell-free system for gp91(phox)/Nox2 activation by arachidonic acid.	Superoxides	34-44	NADPH oxidase organizer 1	Homo sapiens	19-24
8632171-4	1996	Nevertheless, concomitant with an increase in the number of responsive cells, a profound priming of the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-evoked production of superoxide anion was observed in A beta (1-40)-treated cultures.	Superoxides	157-173	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	190-196
17137568-6	2007	Kallikrein treatment increased cardiac nitric oxide (NO) levels and reduced NAD(P)H oxidase activity and superoxide production.	Superoxides	105-115	kallikrein 1-related peptidase b9	Mus musculus	0-10
17133584-7	2006	Increased liver superoxide anion levels caused by the I/R procedure were reduced to normal levels by EC-SOD gene delivery.	Superoxides	16-32	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	101-107
8667228-3	1996	Inhibition is selective and reversible and is correlated with functional antagonism of PAF-mediated cellular responses (calcium mobilization, priming of superoxide generation, aggregation and degranulation).	Superoxides	153-163	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	87-90
8967506-8	1996	These results suggest that xanthine oxidase-mediated superoxide anion-dependent activation of NF-kappa B occurs in vivo and in vitro.	Superoxides	53-69	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	27-43
16982957-4	2006	This was associated with a reduction of the superoxide-generating capacity of NADPH oxidase, an effect that depended on de novo gene transcription and heme oxygenase-1 activity.	Superoxides	44-54	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	151-167
8730730-13	1996	Of the other commonly used beta 2-adrenoceptor agonists, fenoterol, and formoterol, but not salbutamol, caused moderate inhibition of neutrophil oxidant generation by a superoxide-scavenging mechanism.	Superoxides	169-179	adrenoceptor beta 2	Homo sapiens	27-46
8641336-0	1996	Suppression of superoxide anion production by interleukin-10 is accompanied by a downregulation of the genes for subunit proteins of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	15-31	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	46-60
8641336-1	1996	Interleukin-10 (IL-10) inhibited the production of superoxide anion (02-) by both unactivated and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-activated human monocytes.	Superoxides	51-67	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	0-14
8641336-1	1996	Interleukin-10 (IL-10) inhibited the production of superoxide anion (02-) by both unactivated and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-activated human monocytes.	Superoxides	51-67	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	16-21
8655638-6	1996	These findings suggested that fMLP induced phosphorylation of serine residues in p47phox was regulated by protein phosphatase 2A, and its phosphorylation was necessary for translocation and superoxide generation in fMLP-activated human neutrophils.	Superoxides	190-200	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	81-88
16982957-8	2006	In conclusion, NO may modulate superoxide production by NADPH oxidase in human vascular endothelial cells, at least partly by inducing heme oxygenase-1.	Superoxides	31-41	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	135-151
8742689-5	1996	The superoxide production rate potential is controlled by the longevity determining gene age-1 and varies in a life cycle-dependent fashion.	Superoxides	4-14	Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase age-1	Caenorhabditis elegans	89-94
8737784-3	1996	In order to locate the mitochondrial O2- scavenging enzyme, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), the authors used a modified immunoglobulin peroxidase bridge sequence method to detect MnSOD in paraffin-embedded, formalin-fixed rat cochleas.	Superoxides	37-39	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	60-90
8737784-3	1996	In order to locate the mitochondrial O2- scavenging enzyme, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), the authors used a modified immunoglobulin peroxidase bridge sequence method to detect MnSOD in paraffin-embedded, formalin-fixed rat cochleas.	Superoxides	37-39	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	92-97
8737784-3	1996	In order to locate the mitochondrial O2- scavenging enzyme, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), the authors used a modified immunoglobulin peroxidase bridge sequence method to detect MnSOD in paraffin-embedded, formalin-fixed rat cochleas.	Superoxides	37-39	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	187-192
17056570-2	2006	Clustering of FcgammaRs results in the activation of Vav proteins, Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factors, and results in robust superoxide generation through the NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	134-144	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	53-56
8833990-5	1996	Moreover, bombesin stimulated superoxide anion production and interleukin-8 release by peripheral monocytes.	Superoxides	30-46	gastrin releasing peptide	Homo sapiens	10-18
16895900-1	2006	The heterodimeric flavocytochrome b558, comprised of the two integral membrane proteins p22phox and gp91phox, mediates the transfer of electrons from NADPH to molecular oxygen in the phagocyte NADPH oxidase to generate the superoxide precursor of microbicidal oxidants.	Superoxides	223-233	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	88-95
8521415-5	1995	Invasiveness of SAS-H1 and SAS-L-AS1 was enhanced by superoxide treatment, while the invasiveness of SAS-L1 was unaffected.	Superoxides	53-63	SAM and SH3 domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	16-36
16864745-9	2006	Thus, during angiotensin II infusion, ecSOD reduces hypertension, minimizes vascular superoxide production, and preserves endothelial function in resistance arterioles.	Superoxides	85-95	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	38-43
8534675-0	1995	Aerobic and anaerobic functioning of superoxide-producing cytochrome b-559 reconstituted with phospholipids.	Superoxides	37-47	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	58-70
7493930-2	1995	Activation of the superoxide generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes involves the assembly of a multimolecular complex and is dependent on the participation of the small molecular weight GTP-binding protein Rac (1 or 2).	Superoxides	18-28	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	206-217
16846837-0	2006	Taurine chloramine inhibits PMA-stimulated superoxide production in human neutrophils perhaps by inhibiting phosphorylation and translocation of p47(phox).	Superoxides	43-53	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	145-148
7557122-2	1995	Manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD) scavenges superoxide.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	32-35
7744754-11	1995	Interestingly, mutants of p47phox unable to bind to p67phox were fully capable of supporting superoxide production under cell-free activation conditions.	Superoxides	93-103	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	26-33
16846837-0	2006	Taurine chloramine inhibits PMA-stimulated superoxide production in human neutrophils perhaps by inhibiting phosphorylation and translocation of p47(phox).	Superoxides	43-53	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	149-153
16271489-8	2006	These results indicate that superoxide secondarily generated from damaged mitochondria, not hydroxyl radicals generated in medium directly by sonication, give rise to intracellular oxidative stress inducing HO-1 expression.	Superoxides	28-38	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	207-211
7748884-0	1995	Spatial and electrogenic properties of superoxide-producing cytochrome b-559 incorporated into liposomes.	Superoxides	39-49	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	60-72
7748884-1	1995	Purified cytochrome b-559 reconstituted into liposomes, consisting of certain azolectin-based phospholipid mixtures, is capable of NADPH-supported FAD-dependent superoxide (O2-) production in the absence of cytosolic activators.	Superoxides	161-171	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	9-21
7738357-0	1995	Interleukin-8 and GRO alpha prime human neutrophils for superoxide anion production and induce up-regulation of N-formyl peptide receptors.	Superoxides	56-72	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1	Homo sapiens	18-27
16751409-7	2006	We also provide evidence that the PI3K-dependent functional responses (i.e., superoxide production and chemotaxis) induced by the chemotactic factor mainly involve PI3K I(A) and, by implication, the delayed phase of PI(3,4,5)P(3) production, whereas p110gamma and the early peak of PI(3,4,5)P(3) do not play major roles in the initiation or the control of these responses.	Superoxides	77-87	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	250-259
7738357-6	1995	This study indicates that IL-8 and GRO alpha, in addition to their known chemotactic activity, prime neutrophils for superoxide anion production, presumably by up-regulating the number of receptors for strong superoxide-anion-triggering stimuli.	Superoxides	117-133	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1	Homo sapiens	35-44
7738357-6	1995	This study indicates that IL-8 and GRO alpha, in addition to their known chemotactic activity, prime neutrophils for superoxide anion production, presumably by up-regulating the number of receptors for strong superoxide-anion-triggering stimuli.	Superoxides	209-225	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1	Homo sapiens	35-44
7706751-0	1995	TNF-induced superoxide anion production in adherent human neutrophils involves both the p55 and p75 TNF receptor.	Superoxides	12-28	TNF receptor superfamily member 1B	Homo sapiens	96-99
7706751-5	1995	Preincubation of neutrophils (both at 4 and 37 degrees C) with mAb to TNF-R75 decreased TNF-induced superoxide anion production by 67 and 64%, respectively, indicating the essential role also for TNF-R75 in neutrophil activation.	Superoxides	100-116	TNF receptor superfamily member 1B	Homo sapiens	70-77
7713877-1	1995	Phagocytic cytochrome b558 is a unique heme-containing enzyme, which catalyzes one electron reduction of molecular oxygen to produce a superoxide anion with a six-coordinated heme iron.	Superoxides	135-151	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	11-23
7713877-2	1995	To clarify the mechanism of the superoxide production, we have analyzed oxidation-reduction kinetics of cytochrome b558 purified from porcine neutrophils by stopped-flow and rapid-scanning spectroscopy.	Superoxides	32-42	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	104-116
16756681-0	2006	The superoxide scavenger TEMPOL induces urokinase receptor (uPAR) expression in human prostate cancer cells.	Superoxides	4-14	plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor	Homo sapiens	60-64
7733341-2	1995	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is then inducible and catalyzes superoxide detoxification within mitochondria.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	32-37
7562953-1	1995	Soybean lipoxygenase-mediated cooxidation of reduced glutathione (GSH) and concomitant superoxide generation was examined.	Superoxides	87-97	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	8-20
7562953-11	1995	These results clearly suggest that lipoxygenase is capable of oxidizing GSH to GSSG and simultaneously generating superoxide anion radicals, which may contribute to oxidative stress in cells under certain conditions.	Superoxides	114-139	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	35-47
7553049-1	1995	In this study, we examined the effects of IL-10 and vIL-10 on the production of superoxide anion (O2-) and nitric oxide (NO) by human monocytes and mouse macrophages.	Superoxides	80-96	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	42-47
7553049-5	1995	Moreover, the production of O2- and NO was effectively suppressed whether the IL-10 was added before or together with the stimulus, indicating that this cytokine acts primarily at an early stage of monocyte/macrophage activation by IFN-gamma and LPS.	Superoxides	28-30	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	78-83
7553049-7	1995	Moreover, a combination of any two of IL-10, IL-4 and TGF-beta caused an additive effect on the inhibition of O2- production by human monocytes.	Superoxides	110-112	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	38-43
7696338-5	1995	To clarify the mechanism underlying the increase in the endothelial cell-derived superoxide anion induced by activated neutrophils, the conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase (XD) to xanthine oxidase (XO) in cultured endothelial cells isolated from bovine carotid arteries was investigated.	Superoxides	81-97	xanthine dehydrogenase	Bos taurus	150-172
7890694-1	1995	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex in phagocytic cells is constituted of a heterodimeric flavocytochrome b and cytosolic factors, p67phox, p47phox and p40phox as well as a small G protein Rac (for review, see Refs.	Superoxides	4-14	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	152-159
7889565-6	1995	These results connect Bcr in vivo with the regulation of Rac-mediated superoxide production by the NADPH-oxidase system of leukocytes and suggest a link between Bcr function and the cell type affected in Ph-positive leukemia.	Superoxides	70-80	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	57-60
16756681-3	2006	We investigated the effect of increased scavenging of superoxide anions on the expression of the urokinase receptor (uPAR) in PC-3M human prostate cancer cells.	Superoxides	54-71	plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor	Homo sapiens	117-121
7867086-4	1995	In these cells, the subcellular localization of the superoxide-generating NADPH-oxidase and associated cytochrome b was assessed in intact cells with indirect immunofluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy, and with subcellular fractionation, using centrifugation on Percoll density gradients.	Superoxides	52-62	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	103-115
16756681-5	2006	Addition of the superoxide scavenger 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxy (TEMPOL) to PC-3M cultures stimulated expression of uPAR protein peaking between 48 and 72 hours.	Superoxides	16-26	plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor	Homo sapiens	133-137
7532664-4	1995	Cross-linking of Mac-1 molecules with mAb also induced significant changes in [Ca2+]i levels and O2- generation by neutrophils, which was also dependent on the epitope binding by mAb.	Superoxides	97-99	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	17-22
7532664-7	1995	The data indicate that cross-linking of L-selectin and Mac-1 initiates changes in [Ca2+]i and O2- production in neutrophils and suggest that these distinct adhesion molecules independently may play important regulatory roles in modulating neutrophil-endothelial cell interactions, transmigration, and neutrophil function at sites of tissue injury.	Superoxides	94-96	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	55-60
16756681-11	2006	These findings reveal a novel pathway for uPAR regulation involving reactive oxygens such as superoxide anion.	Superoxides	93-109	plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor	Homo sapiens	42-46
16633352-2	2006	We previously demonstrated that human macrophages of different origin express the tyrosine kinase receptor recepteur d"origine nantaise, the human receptor for MSP (RON) and produce superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) when challenged with macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP), the endogenous ligand for RON.	Superoxides	182-198	macrophage stimulating 1	Homo sapiens	160-163
7720785-6	1995	Moreover, in vitro addition of manganese-superoxide dismutase, a superoxide anion scavenger, or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a hydroxyl radical scavenger, also showed potent inhibition.	Superoxides	65-81	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	31-61
16633352-2	2006	We previously demonstrated that human macrophages of different origin express the tyrosine kinase receptor recepteur d"origine nantaise, the human receptor for MSP (RON) and produce superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) when challenged with macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP), the endogenous ligand for RON.	Superoxides	200-204	macrophage stimulating 1	Homo sapiens	160-163
8673625-16	1995	This leads to modulate the phosphorylation and translocation of p47phox, which in turn allows the assembling of the active PHOX complex and triggers the O2.- production.	Superoxides	153-155	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	64-71
16633352-2	2006	We previously demonstrated that human macrophages of different origin express the tyrosine kinase receptor recepteur d"origine nantaise, the human receptor for MSP (RON) and produce superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) when challenged with macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP), the endogenous ligand for RON.	Superoxides	200-204	macrophage stimulating 1	Homo sapiens	230-260
16633352-2	2006	We previously demonstrated that human macrophages of different origin express the tyrosine kinase receptor recepteur d"origine nantaise, the human receptor for MSP (RON) and produce superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) when challenged with macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP), the endogenous ligand for RON.	Superoxides	200-204	macrophage stimulating 1	Homo sapiens	262-265
7820952-7	1995	Pretreatment of tumor cells with H2O2 or hypoxanthanine and xanthine oxidase (to generate superoxide radical and H2O2) prior to intravenous injection, enhanced experimental lung tumor colony formation.	Superoxides	90-108	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	60-76
16622226-8	2006	K252a, an inhibitor of TrkA receptor, and LY294002, an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), reduced the toxin-induced production of O2(-) and phosphorylation of PDK1, but not the formation of DG.	Superoxides	146-148	3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	175-179
7658912-0	1995	PGI2 analogue, sodium beraprost, suppresses superoxide generation in human neutrophils by inhibiting p47phox phosphorylation.	Superoxides	44-54	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	101-108
7980562-0	1994	Peptides corresponding to the region adjacent to His-94 in the small subunit of cytochrome b558 inhibit superoxide generation in a cell-free system from human neutrophils.	Superoxides	104-114	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	80-92
7980562-1	1994	Synthetic peptides corresponding to the region adjacent to His-94 in the small subunit of cytochrome b558 inhibited superoxide generation in a cell-free system.	Superoxides	116-126	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	90-102
16400657-8	2006	Moreover, coincubation of neutrophils with platelets that had been treated with hydrophobic membranes induced a higher level of superoxide anion relative to those treated with hydrophilic membranes in association with the P-selectin-mediated microaggregate formation.	Superoxides	128-144	selectin P	Homo sapiens	222-232
7948035-3	1994	The increase in the amounts of cytochrome b-558 paralleled the superoxide anion generating activity.	Superoxides	63-79	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	31-43
16572112-0	2006	Ras modulation of superoxide activates ERK-dependent fibronectin expression in diabetes-induced renal injuries.	Superoxides	18-28	fibronectin 1	Rattus norvegicus	53-64
8001839-5	1994	The results we obtained showed a significant correlation between the rate of superoxide anion production and the apparent kinetic parameters (log Km/Vmax) of NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase activity for these molecules, suggesting the involvement of this enzyme in xenobiotic-induced superoxide production.	Superoxides	77-93	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	158-189
8001839-5	1994	The results we obtained showed a significant correlation between the rate of superoxide anion production and the apparent kinetic parameters (log Km/Vmax) of NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase activity for these molecules, suggesting the involvement of this enzyme in xenobiotic-induced superoxide production.	Superoxides	77-87	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	158-189
8001840-0	1994	Spin trapping of superoxide in aqueous solutions of fresh and aged cigarette smoke.	Superoxides	17-27	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
8001840-1	1994	Superoxide generation in aqueous solutions of cigarette smoke was determined as a function of the age of smoke using spin trapping.	Superoxides	0-10	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	117-121
7981788-0	1994	Superoxide scavenging activity of spin-labeled nitrosourea and triazene derivatives.	Superoxides	0-10	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	34-38
7981788-1	1994	Superoxide scavenging activities (SSA) of newly synthesized spin-labeled nitrosourea and triazene derivatives, and their precursor nitroxides were investigated by the ESR/spin-trapping method using the spin trap 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO) and hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase as the superoxide-generating system.	Superoxides	0-10	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	60-64
7982627-0	1994	Determination of the rate of superoxide generation from biological systems by spin trapping: use of rapid oxygen depletion to measure the decay rate of spin adducts.	Superoxides	29-39	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	78-82
7982627-0	1994	Determination of the rate of superoxide generation from biological systems by spin trapping: use of rapid oxygen depletion to measure the decay rate of spin adducts.	Superoxides	29-39	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	152-156
7982627-1	1994	A method was developed to measure the superoxide generation rate from biological systems using the spin trapping method.	Superoxides	38-48	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	99-103
8053671-2	1994	While mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) scavenges superoxide anions to prevent damage of mtDNA, excess amount of reactive oxygen generated by quinone compounds impairs the mtDNA, in which involvement of iron ion-catalyzed reactions is suggested.	Superoxides	60-77	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	6-40
8053671-2	1994	While mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) scavenges superoxide anions to prevent damage of mtDNA, excess amount of reactive oxygen generated by quinone compounds impairs the mtDNA, in which involvement of iron ion-catalyzed reactions is suggested.	Superoxides	60-77	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	42-48
8055654-1	1994	Treatment of NIH3T3 cells with the tumor promoter phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) results within 30 min in a 1.8-fold elevation of xanthine oxidase (XO) activity, an enzyme capable of generating reactive oxygen species such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	233-243	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	137-153
16572112-5	2006	Superoxide, not nitric oxide or hydrogen peroxide, mediated high glucose- and AGE-induced TGF-beta1 and fibronectin expression.	Superoxides	0-10	fibronectin 1	Rattus norvegicus	104-115
16391519-6	2005	Inhibition of RhoA-activated kinase (ROCK), an important downstream effector of RhoA, by Y27632 and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) by ML-7 abrogated superoxide production by SOZ.	Superoxides	151-161	myosin light chain kinase	Homo sapiens	100-125
8057752-1	1994	We investigated the effect of maturation on the superoxide anion production of rabbit alveolar macrophages by endothelin-1, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.	Superoxides	48-64	endothelin-1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	110-122
8302274-2	1994	In the presence of either NADPH or NADH, human liver microsomes produced superoxide and H2O2 at rates about 20 to 30% of that found with rat liver microsomes.	Superoxides	73-83	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	26-31
16391519-6	2005	Inhibition of RhoA-activated kinase (ROCK), an important downstream effector of RhoA, by Y27632 and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) by ML-7 abrogated superoxide production by SOZ.	Superoxides	151-161	myosin light chain kinase	Homo sapiens	127-131
8279538-6	1993	Increased Cu-Zn-SOD and decreased Mn-SOD in atrophy might reflect increased generation of superoxide anions in the cytoplasm rather than in the mitochondria.	Superoxides	90-107	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	34-40
16391519-10	2005	Taken together, RhoA, ROCK, p38MAPK, ERK1/2, and p47(PHOX) may be subsequently activated, leading to activation of NADPH oxidase to produce superoxide.	Superoxides	140-150	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	49-52
7902790-2	1993	The O2- production, but not the cell adherence to FN, was completely inhibited by two MoAbs against CD18 and by a MoAb against CD11b, suggesting the involvement of CD11b-CD18 integrins in the neutrophil oxidative response.	Superoxides	4-6	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	127-132
7902790-2	1993	The O2- production, but not the cell adherence to FN, was completely inhibited by two MoAbs against CD18 and by a MoAb against CD11b, suggesting the involvement of CD11b-CD18 integrins in the neutrophil oxidative response.	Superoxides	4-6	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	164-169
16159878-4	2005	Trx overexpression in MCF-7 cells increased the generation of superoxide anion (O2*-) in anthracycline-treated cell extracts.	Superoxides	62-78	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	0-3
8148304-4	1993	Superoxide-generating system in these cells consists of a total of 5 proteins, i.e. 91- and 22-kDa subunits of cytochrome b558 in membrane and 21-, 47- and 65-kDa proteins in cytoplasm.	Superoxides	0-10	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	111-123
8123758-10	1993	This notion was also supported by our findings that a superoxide generating agent, paraquat, induced IL-8 production in human PBMC and that NAC blocked this paraquat-induced IL-8 production.	Superoxides	54-64	X-linked Kx blood group	Homo sapiens	140-143
8395827-1	1993	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase system in phagocytes consists of membrane-associated cytochrome b558 and three cytosolic components named p67-phox, p47-phox, and rac p21s.	Superoxides	4-14	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	93-105
16159878-4	2005	Trx overexpression in MCF-7 cells increased the generation of superoxide anion (O2*-) in anthracycline-treated cell extracts.	Superoxides	80-84	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	0-3
8395049-5	1993	One-third of the cases of CGD result from defects in the gene encoding p47phox, a cytoplasmic oxidase component required for O2-.	Superoxides	125-127	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	71-78
16159878-5	2005	Enhanced generation of O2- in response to daunomycin inTrx-overexpressing MCF-7 cells was inhibited by diphenyleneiodonium chloride, a general NADPH reductase inhibitor, demonstrating that Trx provides reducing equivalents to a bioreductive enzyme for redox cycling of daunomycin.	Superoxides	23-25	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	55-58
8395049-7	1993	In the present study, a replication-defective retrovirus encoding p47phox was used to transduce PBHPs from patients with p47phox-deficient CGD, which resulted in significant correction of O2-.	Superoxides	188-190	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	66-73
8395049-7	1993	In the present study, a replication-defective retrovirus encoding p47phox was used to transduce PBHPs from patients with p47phox-deficient CGD, which resulted in significant correction of O2-.	Superoxides	188-190	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	121-128
8403161-5	1993	Superoxide anion was measured by the reduction of cytochrome C, hydrogen peroxide by the horse radish peroxidase catalysed oxidation of phenol red, and myeloperoxidase by the turnover of 2,2"-azino-di(3-ethylbenzthiazoline) sulfonic acid.	Superoxides	0-16	myeloperoxidase	Equus caballus	152-167
16159878-7	2005	MCF-7 cells expressing mutant redox-inactive Trx showed decreased superoxide generation, apoptosis, and p53 protein and DNA binding.	Superoxides	66-76	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	45-48
8371013-6	1993	(1) The role of superoxide anion in ovulation and luteal function was investigated the localization of Cu, Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD in rat and human ovary by immunohistochemical methods.	Superoxides	16-32	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	118-124
8342134-4	1993	We therefore undertook this study with the hypothesis that PAF-induced PMN superoxide production requires CD11B-mediated PMN-endothelial cell adherence.	Superoxides	75-85	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	106-111
8392845-0	1993	Spin trapping of superoxide released by opsonized asbestos from human promyelocytic leukemia cell line, HL60.	Superoxides	17-27	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
8392845-1	1993	By ESR using 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide as a spin trap, superoxide (O2-) production was proved upon stimulation of dimethyl sulfoxide-differentiated HL60 by crocidolite opsonized with fresh or refrigerated serum, as well as by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).	Superoxides	62-72	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	51-55
8392845-1	1993	By ESR using 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide as a spin trap, superoxide (O2-) production was proved upon stimulation of dimethyl sulfoxide-differentiated HL60 by crocidolite opsonized with fresh or refrigerated serum, as well as by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).	Superoxides	74-76	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	51-55
16322235-6	2005	Moreover, in TSC2-/- cells but not in TSC2+/+ cells, cellular growth and activation of p42/44 MAPK by PDGF requires the reactive oxygen species intermediate, superoxide anion (O2*-).	Superoxides	158-174	TSC complex subunit 2	Rattus norvegicus	13-17
8323962-8	1993	Moreover, when superoxide dismutase, a converting enzyme from superoxide anion to H2O2, was added in this system, the formation of TRACP(+)MNCs was significantly increased.	Superoxides	62-78	acid phosphatase 5, tartrate resistant	Mus musculus	131-136
16322235-8	2005	Furthermore, the exogenous production of O2*- by the redox cycling compound menadione induced MEK-1-independent cellular growth and p42/44 MAPK phosphorylation in TSC2-/- cells but not in TSC2+/+ cells.	Superoxides	41-43	TSC complex subunit 2	Rattus norvegicus	163-167
16373854-3	2005	After 3 weeks of CH (10% O2) exposure, we found that the isolated intra-pulmonary artery (PA) constrictor response to ET-1 was significantly increased in wild-type (wt) mice.	Superoxides	25-27	endothelin 1	Mus musculus	118-122
8391470-7	1993	These results suggest that the defect in superoxide production by the UM384 cells is related to the absence of cytochrome b558, a situation mimicking that observed in phagocytes from patients with X-linked chronic granulomatous disease (X-CGD).	Superoxides	41-51	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	111-123
8004151-0	1993	Enhanced generation of O2- by human neutrophils via a complement iC3b/Mac-1 interaction.	Superoxides	23-25	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	70-75
16373854-4	2005	The administration of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) markedly reduced the CH-enhanced maximal PA constrictor response to ET-1, demonstrating the contribution of superoxide to CH-enhanced PA constrictor responses.	Superoxides	28-38	endothelin 1	Mus musculus	123-127
8004151-1	1993	There is evidence for a tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha)-initiated and CD11b/CD18-dependent burst of superoxide anion (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide production by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes which are adherent to surfaces bearing a variety of proteins.	Superoxides	108-124	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	78-83
8004151-1	1993	There is evidence for a tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha)-initiated and CD11b/CD18-dependent burst of superoxide anion (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide production by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes which are adherent to surfaces bearing a variety of proteins.	Superoxides	126-128	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	78-83
8004151-5	1993	C3 and factor B were required for this response, since sera deficient in either component caused 56 and 68% reductions, respectively, in O2- production.	Superoxides	137-139	complement C3	Homo sapiens	0-15
8004151-8	1993	Antibodies to CD18 (R15.7) or CD11b (CL44 and 60.1) reduced the incremental production of O2- by 76, 71 and 77%, respectively.	Superoxides	90-92	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	30-35
16373854-7	2005	The addition of ET-1 further increased superoxide production.	Superoxides	39-49	endothelin 1	Mus musculus	16-20
16373854-9	2005	When gp91phox knockout mice were exposed to CH, they had significantly reduced levels of superoxide compared to CH-treated wt mice.	Superoxides	89-99	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	5-9
8382686-0	1993	Superoxide-producing cytochrome b.	Superoxides	0-10	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	21-33
8382686-2	1993	Molecular properties of superoxide (O2-)-producing cytochrome b558 purified from neutrophils were investigated focusing on the mechanism of the catalytic reaction.	Superoxides	24-34	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	51-63
16373854-10	2005	Our results demonstrate that the CH-enhanced PA constrictor response to ET-1 is mediated by NADPH oxidase (gp91phox)-derived superoxide overproduction that may contribute to the pathogenesis of CH-induced PH.	Superoxides	125-135	endothelin 1	Mus musculus	72-76
8382686-2	1993	Molecular properties of superoxide (O2-)-producing cytochrome b558 purified from neutrophils were investigated focusing on the mechanism of the catalytic reaction.	Superoxides	36-38	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	51-63
16236537-1	2005	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is responsible for the removal of superoxide anion from living organisms.	Superoxides	61-77	superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Bombyx mori	0-20
8285025-7	1993	Exposure to phenazine methosulfate, to produce intracellular superoxide ions, resulted in moderate GSH depletion and methemoglobin production.	Superoxides	61-71	hemoglobin subunit gamma 2	Homo sapiens	117-130
1403804-2	1992	The nitroaromatic drug nilutamide has been shown previously to undergo redox cycling in aerobic rat liver microsomes, being reduced by NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase to a nitro anion-free radical which reacts with oxygen, to regenerate the parent drug, and form a superoxide anion dismuted to hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	266-282	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	135-167
1334711-0	1992	Epstein-Barr virus BCRF1 gene product (viral interleukin 10) inhibits superoxide anion production by human monocytes.	Superoxides	70-86	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	45-59
16236537-1	2005	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is responsible for the removal of superoxide anion from living organisms.	Superoxides	61-77	superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Bombyx mori	22-25
1326953-1	1992	We have examined the nature of the leukotriene B4 (LTB4) induced steady state intracellular calcium rise [Ca++]i in guinea pig eosinophils and the relationship between LTB4 induced [Ca++]i and superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	193-209	prostaglandin reductase 1	Cavia porcellus	35-49
16236537-6	2005	The recombinant MnSOD facilitating the reduction reaction of superoxide anion retained 75% of its original activity after incubation at pH 4-11 for 24 h at 4 degrees C. Its activity was never affected by incubation at pH 7 for 30 min below 50 degrees C.	Superoxides	61-77	Superoxide dismutase 2 (Mn)	Drosophila melanogaster	16-21
1326953-1	1992	We have examined the nature of the leukotriene B4 (LTB4) induced steady state intracellular calcium rise [Ca++]i in guinea pig eosinophils and the relationship between LTB4 induced [Ca++]i and superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	193-209	prostaglandin reductase 1	Cavia porcellus	51-55
1326953-1	1992	We have examined the nature of the leukotriene B4 (LTB4) induced steady state intracellular calcium rise [Ca++]i in guinea pig eosinophils and the relationship between LTB4 induced [Ca++]i and superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	211-213	prostaglandin reductase 1	Cavia porcellus	35-49
1326953-1	1992	We have examined the nature of the leukotriene B4 (LTB4) induced steady state intracellular calcium rise [Ca++]i in guinea pig eosinophils and the relationship between LTB4 induced [Ca++]i and superoxide anion (O2-).	Superoxides	211-213	prostaglandin reductase 1	Cavia porcellus	51-55
1326953-8	1992	The results of this study suggest a) the presence of a non-voltage gated, receptor operated, calcium sequestration process in guinea pig eosinophils, b) that LTB4 induced [Ca++]i and O2- generation are apparently unrelated events in these cells, and c) that standard anti-asthmatics do not have an influence on either LTB4 induced [Ca++]i or O2- generation in these cells.	Superoxides	183-185	prostaglandin reductase 1	Cavia porcellus	158-162
1326953-8	1992	The results of this study suggest a) the presence of a non-voltage gated, receptor operated, calcium sequestration process in guinea pig eosinophils, b) that LTB4 induced [Ca++]i and O2- generation are apparently unrelated events in these cells, and c) that standard anti-asthmatics do not have an influence on either LTB4 induced [Ca++]i or O2- generation in these cells.	Superoxides	342-344	prostaglandin reductase 1	Cavia porcellus	158-162
1326961-1	1992	Agonist-activated phosphorylation of neutrophil proteins including p47-phox, a cytosolic component of the respiratory burst oxidase, has been implicated in the signal transduction cascade which leads to activation of the superoxide generating respiratory burst.	Superoxides	221-231	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	67-75
1360687-5	1992	Somatostatin 1-14, somatostatin 1-28 and octreotide inhibited release of superoxide anion from stimulated monocytes.	Superoxides	73-89	somatostatin	Homo sapiens	0-17
1619279-4	1992	Therefore, the large amount of Mn-SOD in parietal cells is due to the abundant mitochondria, in which Mn-SOD is considered to play important roles in protecting the ion pump and the cell itself from superoxide insult.	Superoxides	199-209	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	31-37
16306359-12	2005	We concluded that PARP activation contributes to superoxide anion radical and peroxynitrite formation in peripheral nerve, vasa nervorum, and aorta of STZ-induced diabetic rats and high- glucose-exposed HSC.	Superoxides	49-73	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Rattus norvegicus	18-22
1619279-4	1992	Therefore, the large amount of Mn-SOD in parietal cells is due to the abundant mitochondria, in which Mn-SOD is considered to play important roles in protecting the ion pump and the cell itself from superoxide insult.	Superoxides	199-209	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	102-108
1627273-5	1992	The SOD mimetic activity of PS-K was demonstrated by quantitative analysis of hydrogen peroxide as the end product of O2-., its formation being assisted catalytically by SOD or PS-K.	Superoxides	118-120	TAO kinase 2	Homo sapiens	28-32
1627273-5	1992	The SOD mimetic activity of PS-K was demonstrated by quantitative analysis of hydrogen peroxide as the end product of O2-., its formation being assisted catalytically by SOD or PS-K.	Superoxides	118-120	TAO kinase 2	Homo sapiens	177-181
16254825-5	2005	FMLP-induced tyrosyl phosphorylation or PMA-induced serine/threonine phosphorylation and the translocation of the cytosolic proteins p47(phox) and p67(phox) to the cell membrane were suppressed in parallel to the suppression of the stimulus-induced superoxide generation.	Superoxides	249-259	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	133-142
1317890-0	1992	Macrophage function in the acute phase of lactic dehydrogenase virus-infection of mice: suppression of superoxide anion production in normal mouse peritoneal macrophages by interferon-alpha in vitro.	Superoxides	103-119	interferon alpha	Mus musculus	173-189
1317890-1	1992	The effect of interferon (IFN)-alpha on the release of superoxide anions (O2-) by normal mouse macrophages (PEM) was examined.	Superoxides	55-72	interferon alpha	Mus musculus	14-36
1317890-3	1992	When PEM were exposed in vitro for 24 h to IFN-alpha, their capacity to release O2- was significantly suppressed.	Superoxides	80-82	interferon alpha	Mus musculus	43-52
1317890-4	1992	Progressive suppression of O2- release with increasing IFN-alpha concentration was observed.	Superoxides	27-29	interferon alpha	Mus musculus	55-64
16254825-5	2005	FMLP-induced tyrosyl phosphorylation or PMA-induced serine/threonine phosphorylation and the translocation of the cytosolic proteins p47(phox) and p67(phox) to the cell membrane were suppressed in parallel to the suppression of the stimulus-induced superoxide generation.	Superoxides	249-259	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	137-141
1309559-6	1992	Moreover, signal transduction through CD16 on synovial phagocytes resulted in augmented extracellular release of superoxide anion that may contribute to tissue damage and other inflammatory sequelae.	Superoxides	113-129	Fc gamma receptor IIIa	Homo sapiens	38-42
16140258-2	2005	Aconitase inactivation was calibrated using the known rate of matrix superoxide production from complex I. Glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase generated superoxide about equally to each side of the membrane, whereas centre o of complex III in the presence of antimycin A generated superoxide about 30% on the cytosolic side and 70% on the matrix side.	Superoxides	150-160	Mitochondrial aconitase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	0-9
1316094-1	1992	Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) encompasses a group of rare inherited disorders characterized by defects in a phagocyte-specific NADPH-oxidase complex that forms the superoxide radical during the respiratory burst.	Superoxides	170-188	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	31-34
16140258-2	2005	Aconitase inactivation was calibrated using the known rate of matrix superoxide production from complex I. Glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase generated superoxide about equally to each side of the membrane, whereas centre o of complex III in the presence of antimycin A generated superoxide about 30% on the cytosolic side and 70% on the matrix side.	Superoxides	150-160	Mitochondrial aconitase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	0-9
15860507-7	2005	N-Acetyl-L-cysteine, superoxide (O2-) dismutase and catalase attenuated the EGCG-induced pro-MMP-7 production, suggesting an involvement of oxidative stress in these events.	Superoxides	21-31	matrix metallopeptidase 7	Homo sapiens	93-98
1764075-1	1991	When a particulate NADPH oxidase prepared from phorbol ester-activated human neutrophils was treated with pyridoxal 5"-diphospho-5"-adenosine (PLP-AMP), the superoxide anion-producing activity was inhibited according to affinity labeling kinetics.	Superoxides	157-173	proteolipid protein 1	Homo sapiens	143-146
1798278-6	1991	These cyclic GMP-mediated mechanisms of relaxation are inhibited by superoxide anion, produced from endogenous sources after inhibition of superoxide dismutase or produced by pharmacological agents that undergo redox cycling.	Superoxides	68-84	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II	Homo sapiens	13-16
15860507-11	2005	Our results suggest that some green tea catechins induce pro-MMP-7 production via O2- production and the activation of JNK1/2, c-JUN, c-FOS and AP-1 in HT-29 cells.	Superoxides	82-84	matrix metallopeptidase 7	Homo sapiens	61-66
1685923-5	1991	Superoxide anion production requires translocation of a cytochrome b-245 and this translocation was reduced by sulphasalazine (P less than 0.01) but not by 5-ASA or sulphapyridine.	Superoxides	0-16	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	56-68
1664838-4	1991	Staphylococcus aureus, interleukin-1 beta, and interleukin-2 all increased the number of somatic cells after intramammary infusion and activated the inducible superoxide production in milk polymorphonuclear leukocytes.	Superoxides	159-169	interleukin 2	Bos taurus	47-60
15951351-3	2005	We now report that an annexin AI peptide (Ac9-25) activates, as well as inhibits, the neutrophil release of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	108-125	adenylate cyclase 9	Homo sapiens	42-45
15879305-6	2005	Increased superoxide production by the endothelial and/or smooth muscle cells has important consequences with respect to signaling by the soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) and the cGMP-dependent protein kinase I (cGK-I), the activity and expression of which has been shown to be regulated in a redox-sensitive fashion.	Superoxides	10-20	protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1	Homo sapiens	177-208
15879305-6	2005	Increased superoxide production by the endothelial and/or smooth muscle cells has important consequences with respect to signaling by the soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) and the cGMP-dependent protein kinase I (cGK-I), the activity and expression of which has been shown to be regulated in a redox-sensitive fashion.	Superoxides	10-20	protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1	Homo sapiens	210-215
15817612-11	2005	Compared with control cells, MnSOD-expressing DLD-1 POX cells generated a higher concentration of H2O2 owing to dismutation of superoxide radicals, which was elevated by POX.	Superoxides	127-137	proline dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	52-55
15817612-12	2005	Thus, these data further suggest that the generation of superoxide radicals plays a crucial role in POX-induced apoptosis and the process is partially blocked by MnSOD.	Superoxides	56-75	proline dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	100-103
16036365-5	2005	The analysis of H2O2 formation upon oxidation of DOPA by O2*- using 1-hydroxy-3-carboxy-pyrrolidine (CP-H), and SOD as competitive reagents for superoxide provides consistent values of the rate constant for the reaction between DOPA and O2*- being equal to (3.4+/-0.6)x10(5) M(-1) s(-1).	Superoxides	144-154	carboxypeptidase E	Homo sapiens	101-105
15878997-2	2005	A cell-permeable protein kinase C (PKC) betaII peptide inhibitor was used to test the hypothesis that PKC betaII inhibition could attenuate PMN-induced cardiac dysfunction by suppression of superoxide production from PMNs and increase NO release from vascular endothelium.	Superoxides	190-200	phospholipase C, beta 2	Rattus norvegicus	102-112
15878997-8	2005	These results suggest that the PKC betaII peptide inhibitor attenuates PMN-induced post-I/R cardiac contractile dysfunction by increasing endothelial NO release and by inhibiting superoxide release from PMNs.	Superoxides	179-189	phospholipase C, beta 2	Rattus norvegicus	31-41
15998281-7	2005	Taken together, our results suggest that ROS production, especially superoxide production via NADPH oxidase, is required for NMDA receptor-dependent activation of ERK in hippocampal area CA1.	Superoxides	68-78	carbonic anhydrase 1	Mus musculus	187-190
15824103-3	2005	Here we show that ectopic expression of Nox3 in various types of cells leads to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-independent constitutive production of a substantial amount of superoxide under the conditions where gp91(phox) and Nox1 fail to generate superoxide, i.e. in the absence of the oxidase organizers and activators.	Superoxides	175-185	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	213-217
16010852-9	2005	However, hyphae of S. apiospermum were damaged significantly more after incubation with PMN that had been treated with IFN-gamma and GM-CSF for 2 h. In addition, incubation of PMN with GM-CSF for 2 h enhanced PMN oxidative burst measured as superoxide anion (O2-) production in response to nonopsonized hyphae of A. flavus and Scedosporium spp.	Superoxides	241-257	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	133-139
16010852-9	2005	However, hyphae of S. apiospermum were damaged significantly more after incubation with PMN that had been treated with IFN-gamma and GM-CSF for 2 h. In addition, incubation of PMN with GM-CSF for 2 h enhanced PMN oxidative burst measured as superoxide anion (O2-) production in response to nonopsonized hyphae of A. flavus and Scedosporium spp.	Superoxides	241-257	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	185-191
16010852-9	2005	However, hyphae of S. apiospermum were damaged significantly more after incubation with PMN that had been treated with IFN-gamma and GM-CSF for 2 h. In addition, incubation of PMN with GM-CSF for 2 h enhanced PMN oxidative burst measured as superoxide anion (O2-) production in response to nonopsonized hyphae of A. flavus and Scedosporium spp.	Superoxides	259-261	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	133-139
16010852-9	2005	However, hyphae of S. apiospermum were damaged significantly more after incubation with PMN that had been treated with IFN-gamma and GM-CSF for 2 h. In addition, incubation of PMN with GM-CSF for 2 h enhanced PMN oxidative burst measured as superoxide anion (O2-) production in response to nonopsonized hyphae of A. flavus and Scedosporium spp.	Superoxides	259-261	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	185-191
15882436-4	2005	In addition, anti-oxidants such as hydroxyl-radical excluders and capturers of superoxide and inhibitors of superoxide production effectively reduced the size of the apoptotic fraction in MT-2 cells cultured with chrysotile-A.	Superoxides	79-89	metallothionein 2A	Homo sapiens	188-192
15882436-4	2005	In addition, anti-oxidants such as hydroxyl-radical excluders and capturers of superoxide and inhibitors of superoxide production effectively reduced the size of the apoptotic fraction in MT-2 cells cultured with chrysotile-A.	Superoxides	108-118	metallothionein 2A	Homo sapiens	188-192
15718503-6	2005	After Ca2+-induced activation, endoglin-deficient endothelial cells have reduced eNOS/Hsp90 association, produce less NO, and generate more eNOS-derived superoxide (O2-), indicating that endoglin also facilitates eNOS/Hsp90 interactions and is an important regulator in the coupling of eNOS activity.	Superoxides	153-163	endoglin	Mus musculus	31-39
15755139-1	2005	Nanocrystalline CeO2 supplies reactive oxygen in the form of surface eta1 superoxide species and peroxide adspecies at the one-electron defect site to the supported active species of gold for the oxidation of CO.	Superoxides	74-84	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	69-73
15757654-1	2005	In vitro, uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3)-mediated uncoupling requires cofactors [e.g., superoxides, coenzyme Q (CoQ) and fatty acids (FA)] or their derivatives, but it is not yet clear whether or how such activators interact with each other under given physiological or pathophysiological conditions.	Superoxides	84-95	uncoupling protein 3	Rattus norvegicus	10-30
15757654-1	2005	In vitro, uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3)-mediated uncoupling requires cofactors [e.g., superoxides, coenzyme Q (CoQ) and fatty acids (FA)] or their derivatives, but it is not yet clear whether or how such activators interact with each other under given physiological or pathophysiological conditions.	Superoxides	84-95	uncoupling protein 3	Rattus norvegicus	32-36
15865106-3	2005	Polymorphic variations in NAD(P)H oxidase p22phox and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) enzyme activities may alter superoxide production or the rate of chemical metabolism, respectively, and this may influence the risk for CRC.	Superoxides	103-113	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	42-45
15698597-15	2005	CONCLUSION: D,L-homocysteine and D,L-homocysteine-thiolactone enhanced fMLP-induced superoxide generation by the increment of translocation to membrane of p47(phox) and p67(phox).	Superoxides	84-94	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	159-163
15698597-16	2005	L-cystathionine and N-acetyl-L-cysteine suppressed fMLP- and PMA-induced superoxide generation by the inhibition of translocation to membrane of p47(phox) and p67(phox).	Superoxides	73-83	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	145-154
15698597-16	2005	L-cystathionine and N-acetyl-L-cysteine suppressed fMLP- and PMA-induced superoxide generation by the inhibition of translocation to membrane of p47(phox) and p67(phox).	Superoxides	73-83	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	149-153
15780992-7	2005	Superoxide scavengers also block apoptosis by CTLs expressing GzmA and/or GzmB.	Superoxides	0-10	granzyme B	Homo sapiens	74-78
15883742-3	2005	METHODS: IL-5- and histamine-induced adherence to serum-coated plastic was measured as the eosinophil peroxidase content of adherent cells and serum treated zymosan (STZ)-and IL-5-induced superoxide production by the reduction of cytochrome C.	Superoxides	188-198	interleukin 5	Equus caballus	9-13
15883742-3	2005	METHODS: IL-5- and histamine-induced adherence to serum-coated plastic was measured as the eosinophil peroxidase content of adherent cells and serum treated zymosan (STZ)-and IL-5-induced superoxide production by the reduction of cytochrome C.	Superoxides	188-198	interleukin 5	Equus caballus	175-179
15471985-9	2005	These results indicate that endostatin increases intracellular ceramide levels, which enhances O2*-.	Superoxides	95-97	collagen type XVIII alpha 1 chain	Homo sapiens	28-38
15618175-4	2005	Compared to the parent strain and the ahpC mutant strain, the bcp mutant showed moderate sensitivity to the superoxide-generating agent paraquat and to organic hydroperoxides.	Superoxides	108-118	opsin 1 (cone pigments), short-wave-sensitive (color blindness, tritan)	Mus musculus	62-65
1659916-4	1991	Expression of cytochrome b 558 was found to be at low levels in patients who had neutrophils showing decreased O2- production when stimulated with FMLP, indicating that decreased expression of cytochrome b 558 might contribute to the impairment of O2- production in some MDS patients.	Superoxides	111-113	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	14-26
1659916-4	1991	Expression of cytochrome b 558 was found to be at low levels in patients who had neutrophils showing decreased O2- production when stimulated with FMLP, indicating that decreased expression of cytochrome b 558 might contribute to the impairment of O2- production in some MDS patients.	Superoxides	248-250	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	14-26
1659916-4	1991	Expression of cytochrome b 558 was found to be at low levels in patients who had neutrophils showing decreased O2- production when stimulated with FMLP, indicating that decreased expression of cytochrome b 558 might contribute to the impairment of O2- production in some MDS patients.	Superoxides	248-250	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	193-205
1665746-15	1991	However, 100 microM hydroquinone, like SOD (50 u ml-1), produced almost complete inhibition of superoxide anion chemiluminescence induced by xanthine (500 microM): xanthine oxidase (0.07 u ml-1).	Superoxides	95-111	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	164-180
15823721-1	2005	Although uncoupling protein-1 is a key mediator of thermogenesis in activated brown fat, the more recently characterized uncoupling proteins-2 and -3 do not appear to influence basal metabolism, but rather may function to diminish excessive mitochondrial superoxide production when mitochondrial redox potential is high.	Superoxides	255-265	heat shock protein family B (small) member 3	Homo sapiens	132-149
1934607-6	1991	In vitro studies have shown that neutrophils and monocytes derived from patients with autosomal recessive cytochrome b-positive CGD respond to interferon-gamma with an enhanced respiratory burst (superoxide production) and increased bactericidal activity.	Superoxides	196-206	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	106-118
15625007-10	2004	The PIP2-binding peptide PBP10 selectively inhibits FPRL1-mediated superoxide production and granule mobilization.	Superoxides	67-77	formyl peptide receptor 2	Homo sapiens	52-57
1664322-4	1991	Production of superoxide via mitochondrial, NADPH-oxidase and xanthine/xanthine oxidase systems has been investigated.	Superoxides	14-24	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	71-87
1664322-5	1991	The evidence suggests that superoxide, and thereby H2O2, is produced by the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system, but an involvement of the other superoxide generating systems has not been excluded.	Superoxides	27-37	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	85-101
1648022-0	1991	Spin-trapping of the superoxide radical in aprotic solvents.	Superoxides	21-31	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
15544923-11	2004	PON2 stimulation may represent a compensatory mechanism against the increase in cellular superoxide anion production and atherogenesis.	Superoxides	89-105	paraoxonase 2	Mus musculus	0-4
2060844-3	1991	Platelet activating factor (PAF), a phospholipid associated with inflammatory disorders, has been shown to both prime and amplify the release of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide from polymorphonuclear neutrophils and macrophages stimulated by FMLP or PMA.	Superoxides	145-161	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	28-31
15358609-7	2004	These changes in infiltrated leukocyte number and MPO activity were associated with an increase in superoxide generation in perinecrotic areas from hearts of young rats compared with aged rats.	Superoxides	99-109	myeloperoxidase	Rattus norvegicus	50-53
2176110-1	1990	Phagocytes from X-linked chronic granulomatous disease (X-CGD) patients are deficient in their ability to generate superoxide because of a defective gene that encodes a heavy chain of cytochrome b, a critical component in the superoxide-generating pathway.	Superoxides	115-125	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	184-196
2176110-1	1990	Phagocytes from X-linked chronic granulomatous disease (X-CGD) patients are deficient in their ability to generate superoxide because of a defective gene that encodes a heavy chain of cytochrome b, a critical component in the superoxide-generating pathway.	Superoxides	226-236	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	184-196
2171534-3	1990	Allopurinol and SOD inhibited cytochrome c reduction in a hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase superoxide generating system, whereas bepridil was ineffective.	Superoxides	88-98	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	71-87
15646653-4	2004	Superoxide release and adherence induced by GM-CSF or TNF were inhibited by PI3K inhibitors.	Superoxides	0-10	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	44-50
2176554-1	1990	Arginine (0.5 and 1 mu mol) decreased by 14-17% rates of superoxide anion formation in two systems: HADH-phenazine methosulfate and hydroxylamine autooxidation with nitrotetrazolium blue.	Superoxides	57-73	hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	100-104
2146522-1	1990	We propose that increased formation of oxygen-derived free radicals, such as the superoxide and hydroxyl species, may be responsible for progressive neural degeneration in dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT).	Superoxides	81-91	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	204-207
15613778-5	2004	Recently it was revealed that eNOS becomes dysfunctional and produces superoxide rather than NO under conditions in which vascular tissue levels of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), a co-factor for eNOS, are deficient or lacking.	Superoxides	70-80	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	30-34
2165993-3	1990	This factor is quite unstable, is not produced by cyclooxygenase, and is an activator of soluble guanylate cyclase that synthesizes cyclic GMP; its action is suppressed by antioxidants via the superoxide anions produced, potentiated by superoxide dismutase and abolished by methylene blue and oxyhemoglobin.	Superoxides	193-210	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II	Homo sapiens	139-142
15613778-9	2004	However, in eNOS-transgenic mice (eNOS-Tg) crossbred with apolipoprotein E-deficient mice (apoE-KO/eNOS-Tg), we found the accelerated lesion formation in association with increased superoxide production from vessels compared with apoE-KO mice.	Superoxides	181-191	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	12-16
2159460-5	1990	Both phorbol ester- and cytokine-stimulated ingestion of IgG-opsonized targets and superoxide anion production were inhibited by the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors TFP and H7.	Superoxides	83-99	inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase pseudogene	Homo sapiens	167-170
15613778-9	2004	However, in eNOS-transgenic mice (eNOS-Tg) crossbred with apolipoprotein E-deficient mice (apoE-KO/eNOS-Tg), we found the accelerated lesion formation in association with increased superoxide production from vessels compared with apoE-KO mice.	Superoxides	181-191	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	34-38
15613778-9	2004	However, in eNOS-transgenic mice (eNOS-Tg) crossbred with apolipoprotein E-deficient mice (apoE-KO/eNOS-Tg), we found the accelerated lesion formation in association with increased superoxide production from vessels compared with apoE-KO mice.	Superoxides	181-191	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	34-38
2110512-11	1990	The results also support the contention that a superoxide anion of non-epidermal cell origin, such as PMN and macrophages, plays a role (probably some enhancing role) in in vivo ODC induction and tumor promotion caused by TPA.	Superoxides	47-63	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	178-181
1694596-5	1990	A time-response evaluation of the effect of rh-GM-CSF revealed enhanced release of superoxide by PMNs.	Superoxides	83-93	colony stimulating factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	47-53
1694596-6	1990	PMN chemotaxis also was enhanced by rh-GM-CSF, with a maximal response occurring earlier than enhanced superoxide release.	Superoxides	103-113	colony stimulating factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	39-45
15528465-1	2004	The extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD) plays an important role in atherosclerosis and endothelial function by modulating levels of the superoxide anion (O2*-) in the extracellular space.	Superoxides	143-159	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	4-38
2405495-4	1990	Methemoglobin formation and recycling are accompanied by release of superoxide.	Superoxides	68-78	hemoglobin subunit gamma 2	Homo sapiens	0-13
16422885-2	2005	The purpose of this study was to determine if gene transfer of extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) can reduce superoxide anion formation and determine if this reactive oxygen species may contribute to diabetes-related ED in an experimental model of diabetes.	Superoxides	118-134	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	99-105
16422885-12	2005	CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate that in vivo adenoviral gene transfer of EC-SOD can reduce corporal superoxide anion levels and raise cavernosal cGMP levels by increasing NO bioavailability thus restoring erectile function in the STZ-diabetic rat.	Superoxides	104-120	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	77-83
15528465-1	2004	The extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD) plays an important role in atherosclerosis and endothelial function by modulating levels of the superoxide anion (O2*-) in the extracellular space.	Superoxides	143-159	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	40-45
34890952-6	2022	Both superoxide radicals (O2 -) and non-radical of singlet oxygen (1O2) were the primary reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the Fe/Fe3C@NCNF-800/PMS system via quenching tests and electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR).	Superoxides	5-24	general transcription factor IIE subunit 1	Homo sapiens	126-128
34813893-7	2022	Knockdown of SUCNR1 resulted in a significant increase of mitochondrial respiration and superoxide production accompanied by an increase in TCA cycle throughput and a reduction of cancer cell survival in the analyzed cancer cell lines.	Superoxides	88-98	succinate receptor 1	Homo sapiens	13-19
34592471-8	2021	The production of superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, peroxynitrite and total ROS were also significantly increased with endocan treatment supported by decreased activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase.	Superoxides	18-28	endothelial cell specific molecule 1	Homo sapiens	116-123
34592471-8	2021	The production of superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, peroxynitrite and total ROS were also significantly increased with endocan treatment supported by decreased activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase.	Superoxides	169-179	endothelial cell specific molecule 1	Homo sapiens	116-123
34769076-6	2021	Superoxide accumulation in Sephs1-knockout 2H11 cells is due to the induction of xanthine oxidase and NADPH oxidase activity, and due to the decrease in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and 3 (SOD3).	Superoxides	0-10	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	81-97
34275335-8	2021	Male GPR35 knockout mice demonstrated reduced basal arterial blood pressure and an attenuated onset of hypertension in deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt induced hypertensive model compared with male GPR35 wild-type control mice in vivo, with concomitant improved endothelium-dependent vasodilation and decreased superoxide in isolated aortas.	Superoxides	311-321	G protein-coupled receptor 35	Mus musculus	5-10
15528465-1	2004	The extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD) plays an important role in atherosclerosis and endothelial function by modulating levels of the superoxide anion (O2*-) in the extracellular space.	Superoxides	161-165	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	4-38
15528465-1	2004	The extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD) plays an important role in atherosclerosis and endothelial function by modulating levels of the superoxide anion (O2*-) in the extracellular space.	Superoxides	161-165	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	40-45
34309015-6	2021	In mouse models of cardiac remodelling, we also show that restoration of circulating nitrite levels using dietary nitrate improves endothelial dysfunction through targeting of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR)-driven H2 O2 and superoxide, and reduces cardiac fibrosis through NO-mediated block of SMAD-phosphorylation leading to improvements in cardiac structure and function.	Superoxides	223-233	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	176-199
34309015-6	2021	In mouse models of cardiac remodelling, we also show that restoration of circulating nitrite levels using dietary nitrate improves endothelial dysfunction through targeting of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR)-driven H2 O2 and superoxide, and reduces cardiac fibrosis through NO-mediated block of SMAD-phosphorylation leading to improvements in cardiac structure and function.	Superoxides	223-233	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	201-204
15528465-8	2004	Importantly, the decrease in tissue-bound ecSOD levels in aortas from fibulin-5-/- mice was associated with an increase in vascular O2*- levels.	Superoxides	132-134	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	42-47
15528465-8	2004	Importantly, the decrease in tissue-bound ecSOD levels in aortas from fibulin-5-/- mice was associated with an increase in vascular O2*- levels.	Superoxides	132-134	fibulin 5	Mus musculus	70-79
15528465-10	2004	In summary, we provide in this study the first evidence that the ecSOD-fibulin-5 interaction is required for ecSOD binding to vascular tissues, thereby regulating vascular O2*- levels.	Superoxides	172-174	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	65-70
34215262-10	2021	Metabolic network analysis was used to identify the production of superoxide radicals in cultured RBCs as countered by the activity of glutathione oxidoreductase and synthesis of reducing equivalents via the pentose phosphate pathway.	Superoxides	66-76	thioredoxin reductase 1	Homo sapiens	147-161
15528465-10	2004	In summary, we provide in this study the first evidence that the ecSOD-fibulin-5 interaction is required for ecSOD binding to vascular tissues, thereby regulating vascular O2*- levels.	Superoxides	172-174	fibulin 5	Mus musculus	71-80
15528465-10	2004	In summary, we provide in this study the first evidence that the ecSOD-fibulin-5 interaction is required for ecSOD binding to vascular tissues, thereby regulating vascular O2*- levels.	Superoxides	172-174	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	109-114
35577065-1	2022	Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are strongly implicated in Parkinson"s disease (PD) pathogenesis and there is evidence that mitochondrially-generated superoxide can activate NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2).	Superoxides	165-175	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	189-204
35577065-1	2022	Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are strongly implicated in Parkinson"s disease (PD) pathogenesis and there is evidence that mitochondrially-generated superoxide can activate NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2).	Superoxides	165-175	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	206-210
15255947-7	2004	Phospholipase A2 inhibitors decrease the deregulation-related increase in superoxide without protecting against deregulation.	Superoxides	74-84	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	0-16
35395335-8	2022	Finally, the intracellular levels of ROS, superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione in C3A and HepG2-hCYP1A1 exposed to BPAF were all moderately increased, while unchanged in HepG2 cells.	Superoxides	42-52	complement C3	Homo sapiens	90-93
34995725-7	2022	In addition, HINT1 KO mice also showed increased GSH-Px and superoxide dismutase, and decreased malondialdehyde, together with enhanced BDNF and Trk-B expression in the hippocampus and PFC.	Superoxides	60-70	histidine triad nucleotide binding protein 1	Mus musculus	13-18
35104504-9	2022	Using exclusion-based techniques, we show that for the RBP IGF2BP1 in cultured mammary epithelial cells, mRNA binding partners are enriched in mRNAs important for de-toxifying superoxides (specifically GPX-1 and GPX-2) and other mRNAs encoding mitochondrial proteins.	Superoxides	176-187	glutathione peroxidase 1	Homo sapiens	202-207
35269859-5	2022	T1AM and TA1 showed in-vitro antioxidant and superoxide scavenging properties, while only TA1 acted as a hydroxyl radical scavenger.	Superoxides	45-55	trace amine associated receptor 1	Homo sapiens	9-12
35158330-2	2021	NF-kappaB is activated by superoxide (O2  -)- producing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase homologues, including NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2), and vice versa, with NF-kappaB inducing Nox2.	Superoxides	26-36	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	138-153
35158330-2	2021	NF-kappaB is activated by superoxide (O2  -)- producing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase homologues, including NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2), and vice versa, with NF-kappaB inducing Nox2.	Superoxides	26-36	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	155-159
35158330-2	2021	NF-kappaB is activated by superoxide (O2  -)- producing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase homologues, including NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2), and vice versa, with NF-kappaB inducing Nox2.	Superoxides	26-36	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	202-206
15166213-3	2004	The lysine and leucine biosynthetic pathways each contain a 4Fe-4S cluster enzyme homologous to aconitase and likely to be superoxide-sensitive, homoaconitase (Lys4p) and isopropylmalate dehydratase (Leu1p), respectively.	Superoxides	123-133	homoaconitate hydratase LYS4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	160-165
2557084-8	1989	260, 6541-6547) that only a fraction of the total cellular cytochrome b is involved in superoxide production.	Superoxides	87-97	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	59-71
2557043-9	1989	B103U was also more potent as an inhibitor of bovine xanthine oxidase-catalyzed generation of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	94-104	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	53-69
15166213-9	2004	Thus, we conclude that when Sod1p is absent a lysine auxotrophy is induced because Lys4p is inactivated in the matrix by superoxide that originates in the intermembrane space and diffuses across the inner membrane.	Superoxides	121-131	homoaconitate hydratase LYS4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	83-88
2545762-0	1989	Spin trapping of the superoxide anion: complications in the use of the water-soluble nitroso-aromatic reagent DBNBS.	Superoxides	21-37	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
15251438-1	2004	To understand the biochemical events that control the generation of superoxide, the effect of inhibiting the respiratory complexes III and IV (C-III and C-IV) and alternative oxidase (AOX) on the rate of superoxide production was analyzed in mitochondria from maize seedlings.	Superoxides	68-78	alternative oxidase	Zea mays	184-187
2545762-1	1989	Sodium 3,5-dibromo-4-nitrosobenzenesulfonate (DBNBS) is reported to be a useful spin trap for the measurement of superoxide anions in aqueous solution.	Superoxides	113-130	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	80-84
2545762-2	1989	However, the signal observed arises from interaction of the spin trap with some species other than the superoxide radical or hydrogen peroxide, a product of its dismutation, as the addition of both superoxide dismutase and catalase to a superoxide generating system failed to attenuate the signal.	Superoxides	103-113	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	60-64
2545762-2	1989	However, the signal observed arises from interaction of the spin trap with some species other than the superoxide radical or hydrogen peroxide, a product of its dismutation, as the addition of both superoxide dismutase and catalase to a superoxide generating system failed to attenuate the signal.	Superoxides	198-208	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	60-64
2536769-0	1989	Superoxide-dependent nitroblue tetrazolium reduction and expression of cytochrome b-245 components by human tonsillar B lymphocytes and B cell lines.	Superoxides	0-10	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	71-83
15251438-1	2004	To understand the biochemical events that control the generation of superoxide, the effect of inhibiting the respiratory complexes III and IV (C-III and C-IV) and alternative oxidase (AOX) on the rate of superoxide production was analyzed in mitochondria from maize seedlings.	Superoxides	204-214	alternative oxidase	Zea mays	163-182
2844836-2	1988	All five drugs were able to inhibit superoxide anion production stimulated by n-formyl-nel-leu-phe (FNLP), leukotriene B4 (LTB4), and phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (PDB).	Superoxides	36-52	prostaglandin reductase 1	Cavia porcellus	123-127
15251438-1	2004	To understand the biochemical events that control the generation of superoxide, the effect of inhibiting the respiratory complexes III and IV (C-III and C-IV) and alternative oxidase (AOX) on the rate of superoxide production was analyzed in mitochondria from maize seedlings.	Superoxides	204-214	alternative oxidase	Zea mays	184-187
2841980-1	1988	Using pulse radiolysis, the rate constant for the reaction of ferric myeloperoxidase with O2- to give compound III was measured at pH 7.8, and values of 2.1.10(6) M-1.s-1 for equine ferric myeloperoxidase and 1.1.10(6) M-1.s-1 for human ferric myeloperoxidase were obtained.	Superoxides	90-92	myeloperoxidase	Equus caballus	69-84
2841980-1	1988	Using pulse radiolysis, the rate constant for the reaction of ferric myeloperoxidase with O2- to give compound III was measured at pH 7.8, and values of 2.1.10(6) M-1.s-1 for equine ferric myeloperoxidase and 1.1.10(6) M-1.s-1 for human ferric myeloperoxidase were obtained.	Superoxides	90-92	myeloperoxidase	Equus caballus	189-204
15251438-3	2004	Below this inhibition threshold, AOX exerted the highest degree of control on superoxide production, whereas above it, the highest degree of control was exerted by C-IV.	Superoxides	78-88	alternative oxidase	Zea mays	33-36
15251438-4	2004	The contribution of C-III to control superoxide production became significant when AOX activity was modulated.	Superoxides	37-47	alternative oxidase	Zea mays	83-86
2838849-4	1988	Studies on 1 patient"s cells indicated the increases in superoxide production correlated with increased membrane cytochrome b.	Superoxides	56-66	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	113-125
15020294-7	2004	This increase in superoxide levels could be blocked by the exogenous addition of Cu/Zn SOD (150 U/ml) or by apocynin (30 microM, an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase) but was not affected by gp91(phox) knockout mice.	Superoxides	17-27	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	184-188
2845222-7	1988	The relevance of oxidant production to the tumor promotion process is suggested by the ability of exogenous xanthine/xanthine oxidase, a superoxide anion-generating system, to induce ornithine decarboxylase, a characteristic of TPA-treated cells.	Superoxides	137-153	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	117-133
2845222-7	1988	The relevance of oxidant production to the tumor promotion process is suggested by the ability of exogenous xanthine/xanthine oxidase, a superoxide anion-generating system, to induce ornithine decarboxylase, a characteristic of TPA-treated cells.	Superoxides	137-153	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	183-206
15186954-8	2004	Moreover, expression analysis showed that superoxide-production activity in p22(phox) C242T-expressing HL-60 cells were significantly higher than in p22(phox)-expressing HL-60 cells.	Superoxides	42-52	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	76-79
3368442-1	1988	Cytochrome b comprising 91-kDa and 22-kDa subunits is a critical component of the membrane-bound oxidase of phagocytes that generates superoxide.	Superoxides	134-144	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	0-12
2820405-0	1987	Porcine polymorphonuclear leukocyte NADPH-cytochrome c reductase generates superoxide in the presence of cytochrome b559 and phospholipid.	Superoxides	75-85	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	36-41
2820405-0	1987	Porcine polymorphonuclear leukocyte NADPH-cytochrome c reductase generates superoxide in the presence of cytochrome b559 and phospholipid.	Superoxides	75-85	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	105-117
3040465-3	1987	The formation of these spin adducts was inhibited by superoxide dismutase, suggesting that superoxide plays a role in the adducts" formation.	Superoxides	53-63	spindlin 1	Rattus norvegicus	23-27
3036079-2	1987	Nearly 60% of the total cytochrome b had a low Em,7.0 of -247 mV, typical of the cytochrome b component found in the NADPH-dependent O2(.-)-generating oxidase of neutrophils.	Superoxides	133-135	cytochrome b, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	24-36
3036079-2	1987	Nearly 60% of the total cytochrome b had a low Em,7.0 of -247 mV, typical of the cytochrome b component found in the NADPH-dependent O2(.-)-generating oxidase of neutrophils.	Superoxides	133-135	cytochrome b, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	81-93
3036079-3	1987	The rate of O2.- generation by macrophages was 1.23 mol of O2.-/s per mol of cytochrome b.	Superoxides	12-14	cytochrome b, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	77-89
3036079-3	1987	The rate of O2.- generation by macrophages was 1.23 mol of O2.-/s per mol of cytochrome b.	Superoxides	59-61	cytochrome b, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	77-89
3028401-8	1987	By using acetylated ferricytochrome c in place of native ferricytochrome c in quantitating the product specificity of the oxidoreductase we show that no more than 70% of the electron equivalents donated by NADPH to the oxidoreductase are involved in superoxide formation.	Superoxides	250-260	thioredoxin reductase 1	Homo sapiens	122-136
15016652-1	2004	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3) is the primary extracellular enzymatic scavenger of superoxide ((.)O(2)(-)).	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	36-40
15001455-3	2004	Under conditions in which vascular tissue levels of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), a cofactor for NOS, are deficient or lacking, eNOS becomes dysfunctional and produces superoxide rather than NO.	Superoxides	165-175	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	125-129
3546084-7	1987	When accumulated, paraquat undergoes a NADPH-dependent one-electron reduction to for its free radical which almost instantly reacts with molecular oxygen to reform the cation and concomitantly produce superoxide anion.	Superoxides	201-217	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	39-44
15001455-6	2004	In contrast, eNOS overexpression with hypercholesterolemia may promote atherogenesis via increased superoxide generation from dysfunctional eNOS.	Superoxides	99-109	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	13-17
2824937-5	1987	Study of the functional activity of the induced cells revealed that the rate of superoxide (O-2) production, as assayed by superoxide dismutase-inhibitable ferricytochrome c reduction, was faster in RA treated HL-60 cells than in TTNPB treated cells (0.41 vs. 0.25 nmol.	Superoxides	80-90	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	92-95
15001455-6	2004	In contrast, eNOS overexpression with hypercholesterolemia may promote atherogenesis via increased superoxide generation from dysfunctional eNOS.	Superoxides	99-109	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	140-144
15078863-2	2004	p22phox-based NAD(P)H oxidases exist in the vessel wall, acting as important superoxide-generating systems in the vasculature.	Superoxides	77-87	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	0-7
3026385-5	1986	To establish the presence of [17O2]oxygen in our incubations, a portion of the gas from the lipoxygenase/linoleate experiments was used to prepare the 4-POBN-superoxide radical adduct utilizing a superoxide producing microsomal/paraquat/NADPH system.	Superoxides	158-168	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	92-104
3026385-5	1986	To establish the presence of [17O2]oxygen in our incubations, a portion of the gas from the lipoxygenase/linoleate experiments was used to prepare the 4-POBN-superoxide radical adduct utilizing a superoxide producing microsomal/paraquat/NADPH system.	Superoxides	196-206	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	92-104
3015445-1	1986	In order to investigate the correlation between stimulation of superoxide generation and induction of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) we have used the macrophage cell line J774.16 and a clone derived from this line that, by contrast with the parental line, is unable to generate superoxides in response to TPA.	Superoxides	63-73	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	127-130
3015445-1	1986	In order to investigate the correlation between stimulation of superoxide generation and induction of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) we have used the macrophage cell line J774.16 and a clone derived from this line that, by contrast with the parental line, is unable to generate superoxides in response to TPA.	Superoxides	323-334	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	127-130
15078863-4	2004	Because vascular p22phox is identical to neutrophil p22phox, we studied the association between the C242T, A640G, and -930A/G CYBA polymorphisms and the quantity of superoxide produced from neutrophils isolated from healthy adults to determine if these polymorphisms had any functional impact on NADPH oxidase function.	Superoxides	165-175	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	126-130
3018559-1	1986	Leishmania donovani promastigotes contain intense tartrate-resistant cell surface acid phosphatase (ACP1) which blocks superoxide anion production by activated human neutrophils [A.T. Remaley et al.	Superoxides	119-135	acid phosphatase 1	Homo sapiens	100-104
15185295-9	2004	Administration of N-acetyl L-cysteine or a chimeric superoxide dismutase (SOD)-SOD2/3, a genetically engineered SOD-abrogated ALT release in H/R-perfused PP zones, implicating a role for superoxide (O(2) (-)).	Superoxides	52-62	glutamic pyruvic transaminase, soluble	Mus musculus	126-129
3015753-3	1986	With NADH, however, strong O2- production was induced by Con A and Cyt B.	Superoxides	27-29	cytochrome b, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	67-72
3015753-4	1986	2) FUT-175 at 10(-6) and 10(-5) M inhibited O2- production in rat PMN induced by Con A and Cyt B with NADH in a concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	44-46	cytochrome b, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	91-96
15108351-4	2004	Cotransfection of Nox4/P22 DNA resulted in enhanced superoxide production in osteoclasts, indicating that P22 may be a necessary factor for the Nox4 activity.	Superoxides	52-62	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	23-26
3011845-2	1986	Defects in the superoxide generating system were characterized at the level of the heme-containing cytochrome b and of the FAD-containing flavoprotein, both localized in the plasma membrane of granulocytes.	Superoxides	15-25	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	99-111
15123520-7	2004	Mouse peritoneal macrophages and aortic segments from aldosterone-treated mice exhibited increased superoxide anion formation by up to 155% and 69%, respectively, and this effect was probably mediated by NADPH oxidase activation, because increased translocation of its cytosolic component p47phox to the macrophage plasma membrane was observed.	Superoxides	99-115	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	289-296
2983925-1	1985	The importance of intact adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in the generation of superoxide anion by xanthine oxidase has been disputed in studies using human neutrophils or mouse macrophages.	Superoxides	81-97	adenosine deaminase	Homo sapiens	25-44
2983925-1	1985	The importance of intact adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in the generation of superoxide anion by xanthine oxidase has been disputed in studies using human neutrophils or mouse macrophages.	Superoxides	81-97	adenosine deaminase	Homo sapiens	46-49
2983925-2	1985	The latter demonstrated a positive correlation between ADA activity and superoxide production during phagocytosis.	Superoxides	72-82	adenosine deaminase	Homo sapiens	55-58
3838707-2	1985	Simultaneously, xanthine dehydrogenase is converted to xanthine oxidase, an enzyme that converts hypoxanthine to xanthine, and xanthine to uric acid, producing a superoxide anion for each molecule of hypoxanthine or xanthine oxidized.	Superoxides	162-178	xanthine dehydrogenase	Canis lupus familiaris	16-38
2985050-1	1985	O2 is necessary for the fast reduction of cytochrome b-245 by NADPH.	Superoxides	0-2	cytochrome b	Sus scrofa	42-54
2985050-6	1985	Steady-state cytochrome b reduction was absent from extracts of unstimulated cells; Km values for NADPH, for O2-.	Superoxides	109-111	cytochrome b	Sus scrofa	13-25
6095920-2	1984	At concentrations of the enzyme (1 microgram/ml) that can be found in the extracellular fluid during inflammation, the myeloperoxidase-H2O2-Cl system inhibited the opsonizing effect of IgG and C3b measured as phagocytic uptake and superoxide generation.	Superoxides	231-241	complement C3	Homo sapiens	193-196
14672918-10	2004	Stress-related signaling pathways in epithelial cells are modulated by hypoxia and confer protection from reoxygenation, since hypoxia and chemical inhibition of p38mapk and MEK1/2 similarly increase cytolysis resulting from O2-.	Superoxides	225-227	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1	Homo sapiens	174-180
6439185-3	1984	O2.-forming activity was co-purified with cytochrome b-245 and was associated with phospholipids.	Superoxides	0-2	cytochrome b	Sus scrofa	42-54
6090448-1	1984	cis-Unsaturated fatty acids stimulate release of superoxide (O-2) by human neutrophils (Badwey, J.	Superoxides	49-59	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	61-64
14978183-7	2004	In patient-derived neutrophils, the high-affinity Fcgamma receptor FcgammaRI was also demonstrated to be involved in ANCA-induced superoxide production.	Superoxides	130-140	Fc gamma receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	67-76
6089382-2	1984	It was determined that NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase may be the enzyme responsible for this reduction and that this free radical reacts rapidly with oxygen to produce superoxide.	Superoxides	170-180	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	23-55
6331320-0	1984	Superoxide generation by NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase: the effect of iron chelators and the role of superoxide in microsomal lipid peroxidation.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	25-57
6331320-0	1984	Superoxide generation by NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase: the effect of iron chelators and the role of superoxide in microsomal lipid peroxidation.	Superoxides	104-114	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	25-57
6331320-1	1984	Superoxide generation, assessed as the rate of acetylated cytochrome c reduction inhibited by superoxide dismutase, by purified NADPH cytochrome P-450 reductase or intact rat liver microsomes was found to account for only a small fraction of their respective NADPH oxidase activities.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	128-160
15052604-5	2004	Rat C6 glioma cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide Escherichia coli 0111:B4 and interferon gamma (LPS/IFN-g) produced high levels of nitric oxide (241 nmol mg(-1) protein 24 h(-1)) but not superoxide (O(-) (2)) or hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)).	Superoxides	193-203	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	106-111
6330057-2	1984	Activated neutrophils aggregate, generate superoxide (O-2), and degranulate.	Superoxides	42-52	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	54-57
14744631-8	2004	HEK293 cells, which express a NADPH oxidase-like enzyme but not formyl peptide receptors, transiently transfected with FPRL1 cDNA produced superoxide on stimulation with N-fMLP or W peptide, demonstrating that this receptor is biologically functional.	Superoxides	139-149	formyl peptide receptor 2	Homo sapiens	119-124
6329209-1	1984	Zymosan-activated serum ( ZAS ) stimulated a time- and concentration-dependent generation of superoxide anion (O-2) by human neutrophils.	Superoxides	93-109	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	111-114
6725961-1	1984	The enzyme responsible for the respiratory burst in human neutrophils is an oxidase that catalyzes the reduction of oxygen to superoxide anion (O-2).	Superoxides	126-142	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	144-147
12807699-6	2004	p22phox antisense oligonucleotide prevented the TNF-induced effect on p22phox, p47phox, O2-*, and permeability.	Superoxides	88-90	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
6327764-2	1984	During inflammation, the superoxide anion (O-2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are produced by stimulated polymorphonuclear leukocytes and macrophages.	Superoxides	25-41	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	43-46
12807699-6	2004	p22phox antisense oligonucleotide prevented the TNF-induced effect on p22phox, p47phox, O2-*, and permeability.	Superoxides	88-90	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	0-7
6330372-2	1984	Enzymatic scavengers of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion (O-2), catalase and superoxide dismutase, were not effective in reversing the cardiac alterations induced by hypoxia.	Superoxides	53-69	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	71-74
14593003-7	2003	In contrast, pulsatile flow downregulated both gp91phox and Nox4 mRNA expression (by 1.8+/-0.2-fold and 3.0+/-0.12-fold, respectively), with an accompanying reduction in O2-* production, reduction in the extent of LDL modification (51+/-12% for LDL- and 30+/-7% for LDL2-), and monocyte/BAEC binding.	Superoxides	170-172	NADPH oxidase 4	Bos taurus	60-64
6324816-1	1984	1-O-Hexadecyl/octadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glyceryl-3-phosphorylcholine (AGEPC) stimulated a time- and concentration-dependent generation of superoxide anion (O-2) by human neutrophils.	Superoxides	134-150	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	152-155
6323433-3	1984	In this present study, we have investigated the hypothesis that iron-catalyzed formation of hydroxyl radical (.OH) from superoxide anion radical (O-.2) and H2O2 requires the availability of at least one iron coordination site that is open or occupied by a readily dissociable ligand such as water.	Superoxides	120-144	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	146-150
12855428-9	2003	Because gp91phox is associated with membranes, we examined NADPH-stimulated O2-.	Superoxides	76-78	paired Ig-like receptor B	Mus musculus	8-12
6321074-2	1984	It has recently been proposed that an important source of superoxide anion during the respiratory burst that stimulates murine macrophages is the sequential metabolism of adenosine via adenosine deaminase and xanthine oxidase to uric acid.	Superoxides	58-74	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	209-225
6297260-7	1982	The generation of the superoxide anion is discussed in regard to methemoglobin formation by paraquat.	Superoxides	22-38	hemoglobin subunit gamma 2	Homo sapiens	65-78
14638734-9	2003	Inhibition of superoxides inhibits glucose-induced release of cytochrome c and Bax and inhibits apoptosis in both endothelial cells and pericytes.	Superoxides	14-25	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	79-82
6294496-0	1982	Positive correlation between superoxide release and intracellular adenosine deaminase activity during macrophage membrane perturbation regardless of nature or magnitude of stimulus.	Superoxides	29-39	adenosine deaminase	Homo sapiens	66-85
6295576-4	1982	Enzymatically generated superoxide anion radical (O-.2) was associated with an increase in macromolecular extravasation (seen primarily from postcapillary venules) and an increase in leukocyte adhesion.	Superoxides	24-48	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	50-54
6801135-1	1982	The interaction of C3b, the major cleavage product of C3, with its receptor on human granulocytes results in important biological functions, including phagocytosis, superoxide generation, and release of a variety of enzymes, including histaminase.	Superoxides	165-175	complement C3	Homo sapiens	19-22
6279625-0	1982	Functional relationship of the cytochrome b to the superoxide-generating oxidase of human neutrophils.	Superoxides	51-61	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	31-43
6279625-7	1982	Pyridine nucleotide-dependent reduction of the intrinsic cytochrome b closely parallels O2.- generation in this preparation.	Superoxides	88-90	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	57-69
6175565-0	1982	IFN-beta-induced reduction of superoxide anion generation by macrophages.	Superoxides	30-46	interferon beta 1, fibroblast	Mus musculus	0-8
6175565-2	1982	When M phi were exposed in vitro for 20 hr to fibroblast interferon (IFN-beta), their capacity to release O2- was significantly reduced, such reduction being more evident with increasing IFN-beta concentrations.	Superoxides	106-108	interferon beta 1, fibroblast	Mus musculus	69-77
6175565-2	1982	When M phi were exposed in vitro for 20 hr to fibroblast interferon (IFN-beta), their capacity to release O2- was significantly reduced, such reduction being more evident with increasing IFN-beta concentrations.	Superoxides	106-108	interferon beta 1, fibroblast	Mus musculus	187-195
6175565-3	1982	In contrast, O2- production by M phi exposed for 20 hr to the lymphokine macrophage activating factor (MAF) or treated with either MAF or IFN-beta for 4 hr was not significantly different from that of control cells.	Superoxides	13-15	interferon beta 1, fibroblast	Mus musculus	138-146
6175565-6	1982	We thus concluded that O2- does not play a relevant role in IFN-beta-induced M phi cytolysis, whereas the reduction of O2- production could be of major importance in the decrease of M phi suppression induced by IFN-beta.	Superoxides	119-121	interferon beta 1, fibroblast	Mus musculus	211-219
14684755-11	2003	CONCLUSION: Our data show that CYP 2C9 plays a key role in linoleic acid-induced oxidative stress and subsequent proinflammatory events in vascular endothelial cells by possibly causing superoxide generation through uncoupling processes.	Superoxides	186-196	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9	Homo sapiens	31-38
6277918-7	1982	Apparently, either O2.- or H2O2 alone was capable of mediating methemoglobin formation in the intact erythrocyte.	Superoxides	19-21	hemoglobin subunit gamma 2	Homo sapiens	63-76
6265062-1	1981	Comparison was made of the ability of the potent tumor promoter phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), as well as less active PMA analogs and non-phorbol ester tumor promoters, to stimulate superoxide anion radical (O-.2) production by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN).	Superoxides	184-208	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	210-214
14679084-3	2003	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase produces superoxide in macrophages, and its essential component, p22 phox, is a critical enzyme for superoxide production.	Superoxides	69-79	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	125-133
6253458-9	1980	It is proposed that neutrophil-derived O2.- oxidizes oxyhemoglobin to generate methemoglobin and H2O2 which interact to form a cytotoxic complex capable of hemolyzing the erythrocyte target.	Superoxides	39-41	hemoglobin subunit gamma 2	Homo sapiens	79-92
6256498-4	1980	Furthermore, superoxide formation was stimulated by NADPH and scavenged by the addition of exogenous superoxide dismutase in cortical slice homogenates.	Superoxides	13-23	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	52-57
14679084-3	2003	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase produces superoxide in macrophages, and its essential component, p22 phox, is a critical enzyme for superoxide production.	Superoxides	160-170	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	125-133
14525797-7	2003	ACE+/-/E0 mice also exhibited reduced NADPH-induced aortic superoxide ion production by 52% and a reduction of 43% in their atherosclerotic lesion size compared with E0 mice.	Superoxides	59-69	angiotensin I converting enzyme (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) 1	Mus musculus	0-3
6249851-3	1980	In addition to stimulation of PMN motility, chemotactic factors also stimulate degranulation and superoxide ion (O-2) generation and it has been suggested that alteration of membrane potential activates these events (Korchak, H. M., and G. Weissmann.	Superoxides	97-107	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	113-116
12894215-4	2003	Interestingly, decreasing intracellular superoxide concentration with an inhibitor of the beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase or by transient transfection with a dominant-negative form of the guanosine triphosphate-binding protein Rac1 resulted in a significant increase in the sensitivity of CEM/Bcl-2 cells to CD95- or merocil-induced apoptosis.	Superoxides	40-50	Fas cell surface death receptor	Homo sapiens	333-337
12881409-11	2003	Superoxide production, an essential event in bactericidal function of neutrophils, was stimulated by galectin-8 to an extent comparable to that induced by fMLP.	Superoxides	0-10	galectin 8	Homo sapiens	101-111
14519512-2	2003	Peroxynitrite, resulting from the combination of nitric oxide and superoxide anions, triggers DNA strand breaks, leading to the activation of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1.	Superoxides	66-83	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Rattus norvegicus	142-170
14550916-5	2003	Even though the exact functions of c-myb in the normal and pathological states were not clearly revealed until now, we think that the increase in c-myb expression in the mutant mice could be due to the compensate mechanism of the astrocytes for the reduced defence against superoxide toxicity because the only known function of c-myb was its correlation with the prevention of programmed cell death, which could be deduced from the previous studies.	Superoxides	273-283	myeloblastosis oncogene	Mus musculus	146-151
14521919-2	2003	The present study was carried out to find out the concomitant production of superoxide and to investigate a suitable inhibitor of NO, which is produced by iNOS.	Superoxides	76-86	inositol-3-phosphate synthase 1	Homo sapiens	155-159
14521919-6	2003	The expressions of p67 and p47(phox) were reduced by the addition of apocynin, aminoguanidine or ONO 1714 whereas xanthine oxidase and cyclooxygenase did not have a major role in superoxide production.	Superoxides	179-189	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	27-30
14521919-7	2003	The results of the present study show that iNOS and NADPH oxidase play an important role in superoxide release.	Superoxides	92-102	inositol-3-phosphate synthase 1	Homo sapiens	43-47
12850576-0	2003	Differential role of PTK, ERK and p38 MAPK in superoxide impairment of NMDA cerebrovasodilation.	Superoxides	46-56	protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta	Homo sapiens	21-24
12793995-0	2003	Differential role of PTK and ERK MAPK in superoxide impairment of K(ATP) and K(Ca) channel cerebrovasodilation.	Superoxides	41-51	protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta	Homo sapiens	21-24
12793995-5	2003	These data show that PTK and ERK MAPK activation contribute to O2 --induced KATP and KCa channel PAD impairment and suggest a differential greater role for PTK and ERK MAPK in KATP vs. KCa channel PAD impairment.	Superoxides	63-65	protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta	Homo sapiens	21-24
12793995-5	2003	These data show that PTK and ERK MAPK activation contribute to O2 --induced KATP and KCa channel PAD impairment and suggest a differential greater role for PTK and ERK MAPK in KATP vs. KCa channel PAD impairment.	Superoxides	63-65	protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta	Homo sapiens	156-159
12650641-5	2003	Supplementing neutrophil membranes with phosphoinositides or other negatively charged phospholipids markedly enhanced cell-free superoxide generation by these p47-phox mutants in the absence of arachidonic acid, to levels equivalent to those generated by wild-type p47-phox following arachidonic acid activation.	Superoxides	128-138	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	159-162
12650641-5	2003	Supplementing neutrophil membranes with phosphoinositides or other negatively charged phospholipids markedly enhanced cell-free superoxide generation by these p47-phox mutants in the absence of arachidonic acid, to levels equivalent to those generated by wild-type p47-phox following arachidonic acid activation.	Superoxides	128-138	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	265-268
12639216-2	2003	The C242T variant of the CYBA gene encoding the p22phox subunit of the NAD(P)H oxidase, a major source of superoxide production, has been shown to be associated with coronary artery disease and with vascular superoxide production in human veins ex vivo.	Superoxides	106-116	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	25-29
12639216-2	2003	The C242T variant of the CYBA gene encoding the p22phox subunit of the NAD(P)H oxidase, a major source of superoxide production, has been shown to be associated with coronary artery disease and with vascular superoxide production in human veins ex vivo.	Superoxides	208-218	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	25-29
12840634-6	2003	Superoxide was elevated POST (Max) and 2 h post (Max and LT+).	Superoxides	0-10	solute carrier family 35 member G1	Homo sapiens	24-28
12840634-6	2003	Superoxide was elevated POST (Max) and 2 h post (Max and LT+).	Superoxides	0-10	solute carrier family 35 member G1	Homo sapiens	43-47
12663375-13	2003	CONCLUSIONS: c-Src regulates NAD(P)H oxidase-derived *O2- generation acutely by stimulating p47phox phosphorylation and translocation and chronically by increasing protein content of gp91phox, p22phox, and p47phox in Ang II-stimulated cells.	Superoxides	54-56	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	92-95
12771544-9	2003	CONCLUSIONS: PKCalpha, beta and delta are not involved in PAF-induced CD11b expression, but PKCdelta is involved in the PAF-induced activation of superoxide anion generation.	Superoxides	146-162	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	120-123
12475976-2	2003	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes consists of a membrane-associated flavocytochrome b(559) and four cytosolic components as follows: p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (1 or 2).	Superoxides	4-14	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	161-164
12473664-3	2003	Here we show that NOX1 generates superoxide when co-expressed with the p47(phox) and p67(phox) subunits of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase but not when expressed by itself.	Superoxides	33-43	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	71-80
12473664-3	2003	Here we show that NOX1 generates superoxide when co-expressed with the p47(phox) and p67(phox) subunits of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase but not when expressed by itself.	Superoxides	33-43	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	75-79
12473664-9	2003	In conclusion, NOX1 is a superoxide-generating enzyme that is activated by two novel proteins, which we propose to name NOXO1 (NOX organizer 1) and NOXA1 (NOX activator 1).	Superoxides	25-35	NADPH oxidase organizer 1	Homo sapiens	120-125
12473664-9	2003	In conclusion, NOX1 is a superoxide-generating enzyme that is activated by two novel proteins, which we propose to name NOXO1 (NOX organizer 1) and NOXA1 (NOX activator 1).	Superoxides	25-35	NADPH oxidase organizer 1	Homo sapiens	127-142
12575983-5	2003	RESULTS: The incubation of BAECs and BLOX-1-CHO cells with human platelets induced a sharp and dose-dependent increase in intracellular concentration of ROS and O2.- (p from &lt;0.01 to &lt;0.001).	Superoxides	161-163	oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1	Bos taurus	37-43
12524405-13	2003	CONCLUSIONS: Cultures of transformed and primary epithelial cells from human colon may produce extracellular O(2)(-) through an NAD(P)H oxidase expressing Nox1 and p22(phox).	Superoxides	109-113	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	164-167
12627849-4	2003	Unlike ATRA, G-CSF enhanced superoxide release stimulated by the chemotactic peptide but not by phorbol ester.	Superoxides	28-38	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	13-18
12587068-7	2003	However, in contrast to moderate ethanol, 100 mM ethanol, a concentration tolerated only in chronic alcoholics, potentiates gp120-dependent neurotoxicity (PI labeling) in the hippocampal CA1 region, augments LDH release, and fails to curtail gp120"s actions on AA, glutamate, and superoxide-but does suppress nitric oxide induction.	Superoxides	280-290	inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4	Homo sapiens	124-129
12587068-8	2003	The results indicate dominant roles for AA, superoxide, and glutamate-mediated oxidative stress in gp120"s neurotoxic mechanism, but perhaps a less important role for NMDA receptor stimulation, which would be constrained at both ethanol concentrations employed.	Superoxides	44-54	inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4	Homo sapiens	99-104
12218155-3	2002	Pretreatment of neutrophils with TNF-alpha or GM-CSF, while not influencing fMLP-stimulated PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 accumulation at 5 s, caused a major increase in PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 at later times (10-60 s), which paralleled the augmented superoxide anion (O2-) response.	Superoxides	229-245	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	46-52
12218155-3	2002	Pretreatment of neutrophils with TNF-alpha or GM-CSF, while not influencing fMLP-stimulated PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 accumulation at 5 s, caused a major increase in PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 at later times (10-60 s), which paralleled the augmented superoxide anion (O2-) response.	Superoxides	247-249	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	46-52
12056906-1	2002	Production of superoxide anions by the multicomponent enzyme of human neutrophil NADPH oxidase is accompanied by extensive phosphorylation of p47(phox), one of its cytosolic components.	Superoxides	14-31	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	142-145
12126473-0	2002	Influence of platelet-activating factor, its cell analogs, and antagonist on the production of superoxide radicals by blood leukocytes of healthy and hypercholesterolemic individuals.	Superoxides	95-105	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	13-39
12126473-1	2002	The influence of the phospholipid platelet-activating factor (PAF), its cell analogs, and lipid PAF antagonist on the production of superoxide radicals by leukocytes isolated from the blood of healthy and hypercholesterolemia IIA individuals was studied.	Superoxides	132-142	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	62-65
12126473-1	2002	The influence of the phospholipid platelet-activating factor (PAF), its cell analogs, and lipid PAF antagonist on the production of superoxide radicals by leukocytes isolated from the blood of healthy and hypercholesterolemia IIA individuals was studied.	Superoxides	132-142	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	96-99
12126473-3	2002	Exogenous PAF stimulates the superoxide production in the leukocytes of healthy individuals but significantly inhibits the superoxide production in the leukocytes of hypercholesterolemic individuals.	Superoxides	29-39	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	10-13
12126473-3	2002	Exogenous PAF stimulates the superoxide production in the leukocytes of healthy individuals but significantly inhibits the superoxide production in the leukocytes of hypercholesterolemic individuals.	Superoxides	123-133	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	10-13
12126473-5	2002	However, pretreatment of leukocytes by 1-alkenyl-PAF or PAF-antagonist (1-O-alk-1;-enyl-2-(2;-acetoxybenzoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) results in a 50% inhibition of the PAF-induced superoxide production by leukocytes of healthy individuals.	Superoxides	186-196	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	56-59
12126473-5	2002	However, pretreatment of leukocytes by 1-alkenyl-PAF or PAF-antagonist (1-O-alk-1;-enyl-2-(2;-acetoxybenzoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) results in a 50% inhibition of the PAF-induced superoxide production by leukocytes of healthy individuals.	Superoxides	186-196	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	56-59
12126473-6	2002	This PAF-antagonist alone or in combination with PAF induces a substantial (65-70%) inhibition of superoxide production in the leukocytes of hypercholesterolemic individuals.	Superoxides	98-108	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	5-8
12126473-6	2002	This PAF-antagonist alone or in combination with PAF induces a substantial (65-70%) inhibition of superoxide production in the leukocytes of hypercholesterolemic individuals.	Superoxides	98-108	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	49-52
12031896-3	2002	We determined the role of the p47phox subunit of the oxidase in O(2)(-) generation and signaling in aortic rings and cultured smooth muscle cells (SMC) from wild-type (WT) and p47phox-deficient (p47phox -/-) mice.	Superoxides	64-68	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	30-37
12031896-4	2002	Basal O(2)(-) levels in aortae of p47phox -/- mice were lower than those in WT aortae.	Superoxides	6-10	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	34-41
11896062-1	2002	Activation of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes is the result of the assembly of a membrane-localized flavocytochrome (cytochrome b(559)) with the cytosolic components p47(phox), p67(phox), and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	18-28	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	188-191
11861654-3	2002	A low concentration (2.5-10 microm) of GD3, incubated with human aortic smooth muscle cells for a short period of time (10-30 min), stimulates superoxide generation via the activation of both NADPH oxidase and NADH oxidase activity.	Superoxides	143-153	GRDX	Homo sapiens	39-42
11861654-9	2002	In contrast, at higher concentrations (50-200 microm) GD3 inhibited the generation of superoxides but markedly stimulated the generation of nitric oxide (NO) (10-fold compared with control).	Superoxides	86-97	GRDX	Homo sapiens	54-57
11861654-11	2002	In sum, at a low concentration, GD3 recruits superoxides to activate p44 MAPK and stimulates cell proliferation.	Superoxides	45-56	GRDX	Homo sapiens	32-35
11861654-12	2002	In contrast, at high concentrations GD3 recruits nitric oxide to scavenge superoxide radicals that triggered signaling events that led to apoptosis.	Superoxides	74-84	GRDX	Homo sapiens	36-39
11834706-0	2002	Essential role of the NADPH oxidase subunit p47(phox) in endothelial cell superoxide production in response to phorbol ester and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.	Superoxides	74-84	milk fat globule EGF and factor V/VIII domain containing	Mus musculus	44-47
11834706-0	2002	Essential role of the NADPH oxidase subunit p47(phox) in endothelial cell superoxide production in response to phorbol ester and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.	Superoxides	74-84	milk fat globule EGF and factor V/VIII domain containing	Mus musculus	48-52
11936750-4	2002	The superoxide scavenging capacity of PNS/TPL-that is, the inhibition of the reduction of cytochrome c in the presence of xanthine/xanthine oxidase (X/XO)-was evaluated in vitro.	Superoxides	4-14	BPI fold containing family A, member 5	Mus musculus	42-45
12905852-3	2002	Cytochrome b-245 (P22phox), which is a critical component of NADH/NADPH oxidase, plays an important role in electron transport and producing the superoxide anion.	Superoxides	145-161	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	18-25
11796199-6	2002	The coincubation of *NO and 6-hydroxydopamine with either bovine serum albumin or alpha-synuclein led to tyrosine nitration of the protein, in a concentration dependent-manner and sensitive to superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	193-203	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	82-97
11781366-2	2002	In this study, we have shown for the first time that TCR cross-linking induced rapid (within 15 min) generation of both hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion, as defined with oxidation-sensitive dyes, selective pharmacologic antioxidants, and overexpression of specific antioxidant enzymes.	Superoxides	142-158	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	53-56
11781366-3	2002	Furthermore, the data suggest the novel observation that superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide are produced separately by distinct TCR-stimulated pathways.	Superoxides	57-73	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	132-135
11781366-4	2002	Unexpectedly, TCR-stimulated activation of the Fas ligand (FasL) promoter and subsequent cell death was dependent upon superoxide anion, but independent of hydrogen peroxide, while nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) activation or interleukin 2 transcription was independent of all ROS.	Superoxides	119-135	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	14-17
11781366-4	2002	Unexpectedly, TCR-stimulated activation of the Fas ligand (FasL) promoter and subsequent cell death was dependent upon superoxide anion, but independent of hydrogen peroxide, while nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) activation or interleukin 2 transcription was independent of all ROS.	Superoxides	119-135	Fas ligand	Homo sapiens	47-57
11781366-4	2002	Unexpectedly, TCR-stimulated activation of the Fas ligand (FasL) promoter and subsequent cell death was dependent upon superoxide anion, but independent of hydrogen peroxide, while nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) activation or interleukin 2 transcription was independent of all ROS.	Superoxides	119-135	Fas ligand	Homo sapiens	59-63
11755924-1	2002	In the present study we provide evidence, both direct and circumstantial, that macrophage oxysterols induce translocation of p47phox from the cytosol to the cell"s plasma membrane, forming an active NADPH-oxidase complex which produces superoxide anion and facilitates cell-mediated oxidation of LDL.	Superoxides	236-252	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	125-132
11815376-11	2002	Inhibition of superoxide production by the cells increased caspase-3-like activity, but the inhibitory action of diclofenac on caspase activity remained.	Superoxides	14-24	LOC100725100	Cavia porcellus	59-73
11666094-9	2001	It has been suggested that the activation of PKC-epsilon is mediated by peroxynitrite produced by the combination of NO and the superoxide anion, the latter being generated during reperfusion which follows preconditioning ischemia.	Superoxides	128-144	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	45-56
11413138-1	2001	The phagocyte NADPH-dependent oxidase generates superoxide (O(2)) by reducing molecular oxygen through flavocytochrome b(558) (flavocytochrome b), a heterodimeric oxidoreductase composed of gp91(phox) and p22(phox) subunits.	Superoxides	48-58	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	205-208
11498280-0	2001	Superoxide-mediated early oxidation and activation of ASK1 are important for initiating methylglyoxal-induced apoptosis process.	Superoxides	0-10	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Homo sapiens	54-58
11498280-9	2001	These results suggest that activating ASK1 at the early stage linking to production of O(2)(-) is crucial for subsequent progression of apoptosis in MG-treated Jurkat cells.	Superoxides	87-91	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Homo sapiens	38-42
11443053-0	2001	Signaling by eNOS through a superoxide-dependent p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway.	Superoxides	28-38	cyclin dependent kinase 20	Homo sapiens	49-52
11457772-3	2001	We assessed the effect of CD54 on eosinophils and neutrophils in recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rGM-CSF)- or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-induced superoxide production through CD18.	Superoxides	180-190	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	77-125
11342529-0	2001	Leptin induces mitochondrial superoxide production and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression in aortic endothelial cells by increasing fatty acid oxidation via protein kinase A.	Superoxides	29-39	leptin	Homo sapiens	0-6
11435342-0	2001	Genetic demonstration of p47phox-dependent superoxide anion production in murine vascular smooth muscle cells.	Superoxides	43-59	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	25-32
11435342-5	2001	VSMCs from p47phox(+/+) but not those from p47phox(-/-) mice produced superoxide after stimulation by phorbol myristate acetate.	Superoxides	70-80	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	11-18
11435342-7	2001	p47phox-transduced p47phox(-/-) but not enhanced green fluorescent protein-transduced p47phox(-/-) VSMCs generated significant levels of superoxide after stimulation by angiotensin II or platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB).	Superoxides	137-147	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	0-7
11435342-8	2001	Enhanced expression of recombinant p47phox in p47phox-transduced p47phox(-/-) cells correlated with superoxide production in these cells.	Superoxides	100-110	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	35-42
11435342-8	2001	Enhanced expression of recombinant p47phox in p47phox-transduced p47phox(-/-) cells correlated with superoxide production in these cells.	Superoxides	100-110	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	46-53
11435342-8	2001	Enhanced expression of recombinant p47phox in p47phox-transduced p47phox(-/-) cells correlated with superoxide production in these cells.	Superoxides	100-110	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	46-53
11435342-9	2001	CONCLUSIONS: These data provide direct functional proof that an oxidase requiring the p47phox component mediates superoxide release from VSMCs in the blood vessel wall in response to angiotensin II or PDGF-BB.	Superoxides	113-123	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	86-93
11339504-1	2001	OBJECTIVE: Superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase consists of the membrane-bound cytochrome b558 (gp91phox and p22Phox) and the cytosolic components (p67phox, p47phox, p40phox and rac).	Superoxides	11-21	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	108-115
11339504-1	2001	OBJECTIVE: Superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase consists of the membrane-bound cytochrome b558 (gp91phox and p22Phox) and the cytosolic components (p67phox, p47phox, p40phox and rac).	Superoxides	11-21	neutrophil cytosolic factor 4	Homo sapiens	165-181
11231354-12	2001	Superoxide production in response to phorbol myristic acetate was maintained in monocytes cultured with AGE-beta(2)m, but declined with time in cells cultured with serum.	Superoxides	0-10	beta-2-microglobulin	Homo sapiens	108-116
11289399-6	2001	G-CSF increased neutrophil superoxide production to 12.1 in diabetic patients with foot infections and to 19.8 in controls (p&lt;0.05 for each).	Superoxides	27-37	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-5
11139472-5	2001	CYP activity and O(2-) production, determined in microsomes prepared from cells overexpressing CYP 2C9, were almost completely inhibited by sulfaphenazole.	Superoxides	17-22	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9	Homo sapiens	95-102
11139401-5	2001	Full activation of caspase 9 and caspase 3 appeared to be correlated with the appearance of superoxide anions in the mitochondria, and followed the drop in NADPH.	Superoxides	92-109	caspase 9	Homo sapiens	19-28
11145700-6	2001	Concomitant with the cleavage of ERK and p38 MAPK, GM-CSF- and TNF-induced superoxide release, adherence, and phosphorylation of ERK and p38 MAPK were decreased in neutrophils undergoing apoptosis.	Superoxides	75-85	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	51-66
11145703-1	2001	Generation of superoxide anion by the multiprotein complex NADPH phagocyte oxidase is accompanied by extensive phosphorylation of its 47-kDa protein component, p47(phox), a major cytosolic component of this oxidase.	Superoxides	14-30	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	160-163
11057460-6	2000	An increase in killing correlated with increases in production of superoxide (r = 0.96) and hydrogen peroxide (r= 0.97) by ALF neutrophils after incubation with 1,000 and 5,000 IU/ml of G-CSF when formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine (fMLP) was the stimulant.	Superoxides	66-76	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	186-191
11034409-0	2000	Capsaicin inhibits platelet-activating factor-induced cytosolic Ca2+ rise and superoxide production.	Superoxides	78-88	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	19-45
11034409-3	2000	Capsaicin inhibited PAF-induced superoxide production in a concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	32-42	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	20-23
10993214-1	2000	We examined the effect of cytochalasin B (CB) or granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF) on superoxide radical (O2-) production of neutrophils by phorbor myristate acetate (PMA)-stimulation.	Superoxides	97-115	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	88-92
10993214-1	2000	We examined the effect of cytochalasin B (CB) or granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF) on superoxide radical (O2-) production of neutrophils by phorbor myristate acetate (PMA)-stimulation.	Superoxides	117-119	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	88-92
10993214-2	2000	It was observed that O2- generation of intact and GCSF-treated neutrophils by PMA-stimulation showed a lag during the early stage, and was largely inhibited by 1-(5-isoquinoline-sulfonyl)-3-methyl-piperazine (200 microm) or GF109203X (GFX) (0.2 microM), but not by ethanol (1%) and wortmannin (100 nM).	Superoxides	21-23	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	50-54
10993214-4	2000	Although translocation of p47phox and p67phox to the membrane fraction by PMA-stimulation of intact and GCSF-treated neutrophils occurred in parallel with O2- production, that of CB-treated neutrophils by PMA-stimulation was not always proportional to O2- production.	Superoxides	155-157	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	104-108
10993214-4	2000	Although translocation of p47phox and p67phox to the membrane fraction by PMA-stimulation of intact and GCSF-treated neutrophils occurred in parallel with O2- production, that of CB-treated neutrophils by PMA-stimulation was not always proportional to O2- production.	Superoxides	252-254	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	104-108
10960505-8	2000	GM-CSF and G-CSF gave comparable results in all functions studied except that GM-CSF improved superoxide release to a greater extent.	Superoxides	94-104	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	78-84
10833511-4	2000	We now show that superoxide can inhibit endothelin-converting enzyme activity (ECE) and decrease endothelin-1 synthesis.	Superoxides	17-27	endothelin converting enzyme 1	Homo sapiens	79-82
10833511-5	2000	Superoxide inhibits ECE but hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide do not.	Superoxides	0-10	endothelin converting enzyme 1	Homo sapiens	20-23
10833511-6	2000	Superoxide inhibits ECE by ejecting zinc from the enzyme, and the addition of exogenous zinc restores enzymatic activity.	Superoxides	0-10	endothelin converting enzyme 1	Homo sapiens	20-23
10841522-1	2000	The bioactivity of endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) reflects its rates of production and of inactivation by superoxide (O(2)(*-)), a reactive species dismutated by extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD).	Superoxides	113-123	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	205-210
10841522-1	2000	The bioactivity of endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) reflects its rates of production and of inactivation by superoxide (O(2)(*-)), a reactive species dismutated by extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD).	Superoxides	125-129	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	205-210
10662600-1	2000	Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) activate neutrophils to induce degranulation and undergo superoxide production through a mechanism that involves stimulation of phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)).	Superoxides	90-100	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	161-179
10662600-1	2000	Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) activate neutrophils to induce degranulation and undergo superoxide production through a mechanism that involves stimulation of phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)).	Superoxides	90-100	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	181-187
10666117-2	2000	Here we show that IL-1beta and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) stimulate superoxide production by pulmonary vascular SMC and that this effect is blocked by both FTI-277 and GGTI-298, suggesting that farnesylated and geranylgeranylated proteins are required for superoxide production.	Superoxides	267-277	protein geranylgeranyltransferase type I subunit beta	Homo sapiens	179-183
10666117-3	2000	We also show that FTI-277 and GGTI-298 block superoxide production stimulated by constitutively active mutant H-Ras.	Superoxides	45-55	protein geranylgeranyltransferase type I subunit beta	Homo sapiens	30-34
10666117-3	2000	We also show that FTI-277 and GGTI-298 block superoxide production stimulated by constitutively active mutant H-Ras.	Superoxides	45-55	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	110-115
10666117-5	2000	Given the role of oxidant radicals in vascular reactivity and injury, the action of both FTI-277 and GGTI-298 in suppressing superoxide generation by an inflammatory cytokine as well as by a potent smooth muscle mitogen may be therapeutically useful.	Superoxides	125-135	protein geranylgeranyltransferase type I subunit beta	Homo sapiens	101-105
10685001-7	2000	In the presence of L-NAME, PMA (1 nM) stimulation significantly increased superoxide anion generation following 3 h treatments with IL-3, TNF-alpha or IFN-gamma.	Superoxides	74-90	interleukin 3	Homo sapiens	132-136
10687957-0	2000	Ribonuclease, cell-free translation-inhibitory and superoxide radical scavenging activities of the iron-binding protein lactoferrin from bovine milk.	Superoxides	51-61	lactotransferrin	Bos taurus	120-131
10532402-7	1999	In contrast, production of TNF-alpha dependent intracellular hydrogen peroxide, the dismutation product of the superoxide radical, was demonstrated spectroscopically by formation of electron dense cerium-hydroperoxide precipitates.	Superoxides	111-129	tumor necrosis factor	Canis lupus familiaris	27-36
10540319-6	1999	The LPS-inducible superoxide production of TNF/LT-alpha(-/-) BMDM was impaired.	Superoxides	18-28	lymphotoxin A	Mus musculus	47-55
10540319-9	1999	Together these findings suggest that the defective host defense of TNF/LT-alpha-deficient mice against L. monocytogenes partially stems from reduced superoxide production of macrophages due to the absence of TNF and imply a function for peroxynitrite, the reaction product of NO and superoxide, in the intracellular killing of L. monocytogenes.	Superoxides	149-159	lymphotoxin A	Mus musculus	71-79
10540319-9	1999	Together these findings suggest that the defective host defense of TNF/LT-alpha-deficient mice against L. monocytogenes partially stems from reduced superoxide production of macrophages due to the absence of TNF and imply a function for peroxynitrite, the reaction product of NO and superoxide, in the intracellular killing of L. monocytogenes.	Superoxides	283-293	lymphotoxin A	Mus musculus	71-79
10515580-0	1999	Possible role of RAC-GTPase-activating protein in the termination of superoxide production in phagocytic cells.	Superoxides	69-79	Rho GTPase activating protein 32	Homo sapiens	17-46
10515583-7	1999	These data suggest that the difference in initial diabetes induction between the groups is due to interception by EC-SOD of extracellular superoxide radicals produced by alloxan.	Superoxides	138-148	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	114-120
10515583-10	1999	This low EC-SOD activity may contribute to the high alloxan susceptibility of beta-cells, and may also cause a high susceptibility to superoxide radicals produced by activated inflammatory leukocytes and in hyperglycemia.	Superoxides	134-144	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	9-15
10563472-8	1999	Superoxide stimulated TNF-alpha secretion was inhibited by intracellular Ca2+-buffers (MAPT-AM and BAPT-AM) or VOC operating antagonists (diltiazem and verapamil) and only to a small extent by pharmacological inhibitors of ligand-gated pathways (TMB-8 and SKF 96368).	Superoxides	0-10	microtubule associated protein tau	Homo sapiens	87-91
10533294-5	1999	METHODS: In this study, we measured hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion (O2-) levels after stimulation by IL-1 plus IL-6 in cultured HMCs.	Superoxides	57-59	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	116-120
10440830-2	1999	p22phox, an essential component of the NADPH oxidase, is thought to play a critical role in the generation of superoxide anions in the vessel wall.	Superoxides	110-127	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	0-7
10329707-10	1999	We provide evidence that Atx1p does not suppress oxidative damage by a metallochaperone mechanism but may directly consume superoxide.	Superoxides	123-133	copper metallochaperone ATX1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	25-30
10329707-11	1999	Purified Cu-Atx1p reacts noncatalytically with superoxide anion in vitro.	Superoxides	47-63	copper metallochaperone ATX1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	12-17
10224233-6	1999	In sharp contrast, activation of the LXA4 receptor reversed LTB4-initiated PSDP remodeling, leading to an accumulation of PSDP and potent inhibition of both PLD and superoxide anion generation.	Superoxides	165-181	formyl peptide receptor 2	Homo sapiens	37-50
10202371-8	1999	Furthermore, enhanced O2- generation, but not adhesion, associated with IL-4 + TNFalpha-treatment of HUVEC was inhibited when EOS were treated with the platelet activating factor (PAF)-antagonist WEB 2086 (20 microM), thus suggesting an involvement of PAF in priming EOS.	Superoxides	22-24	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	180-183
10202371-8	1999	Furthermore, enhanced O2- generation, but not adhesion, associated with IL-4 + TNFalpha-treatment of HUVEC was inhibited when EOS were treated with the platelet activating factor (PAF)-antagonist WEB 2086 (20 microM), thus suggesting an involvement of PAF in priming EOS.	Superoxides	22-24	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	252-255
10049498-1	1999	The effects of d-cystathionine ketimine (D-CK) and l-cystathionine ketimine (L-CK) on the stimulus-induced superoxide generation by human neutrophils were compared.	Superoxides	107-117	LCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	51-81
9882616-0	1999	Enhancement of chemotactic peptide-induced activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and its relation to the cytokine-mediated priming of neutrophil superoxide-anion production.	Superoxides	199-215	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta	Homo sapiens	57-82
9882616-0	1999	Enhancement of chemotactic peptide-induced activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and its relation to the cytokine-mediated priming of neutrophil superoxide-anion production.	Superoxides	199-215	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	86-134
9882616-1	1999	Incubation of human neutrophils with a chemotactic peptide [N-formylmethionyl-leucylphenylalanine (fMLP)] gave rise to an increase in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activity, phosphorylation of p47phox and superoxide-anion (O2(-)) generation in the same fMLP-concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	212-222	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta	Homo sapiens	138-163
9882616-1	1999	Incubation of human neutrophils with a chemotactic peptide [N-formylmethionyl-leucylphenylalanine (fMLP)] gave rise to an increase in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activity, phosphorylation of p47phox and superoxide-anion (O2(-)) generation in the same fMLP-concentration-dependent manner.	Superoxides	230-232	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta	Homo sapiens	138-163
10609886-0	1999	Superoxide production by dinitrophenyl-derivatized thioredoxin reductase--a model for the mechanism and correlation to immunostimulation by dinitrohalobenzenes.	Superoxides	0-10	peroxiredoxin 5	Homo sapiens	51-72
10609886-7	1999	Here it is proposed that the inflammatory components of this immunostimulation can be mediated by interaction with the thioredoxin system, via effects on cell function by superoxide production, oxidative stress and increased extracellular levels of thioredoxin.	Superoxides	171-181	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	119-130
10190138-4	1998	The permeabilized mast cells were stimulated to generate O2- by the addition of Ca2+, phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and arachidonic acid.	Superoxides	57-59	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	86-102
10190138-4	1998	The permeabilized mast cells were stimulated to generate O2- by the addition of Ca2+, phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and arachidonic acid.	Superoxides	57-59	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	104-108
9926619-1	1998	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) controls the availability of extracellular superoxide (O2.-), which is important for a variety of physiological pathways, including the primary means of inactivating nitric oxide (NO).	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	36-42
9926619-1	1998	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) controls the availability of extracellular superoxide (O2.-), which is important for a variety of physiological pathways, including the primary means of inactivating nitric oxide (NO).	Superoxides	99-101	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	0-34
9926619-1	1998	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) controls the availability of extracellular superoxide (O2.-), which is important for a variety of physiological pathways, including the primary means of inactivating nitric oxide (NO).	Superoxides	99-101	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	36-42
9926619-11	1998	The current finding that EC-SOD levels that were either higher or lower than controls impaired learning demonstrates that the proper control of brain extracellular O2.- may be more vital than merely reduction of brain extracellular O2.- in maintaining adequate learning function.	Superoxides	164-166	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	25-31
9926619-11	1998	The current finding that EC-SOD levels that were either higher or lower than controls impaired learning demonstrates that the proper control of brain extracellular O2.- may be more vital than merely reduction of brain extracellular O2.- in maintaining adequate learning function.	Superoxides	232-234	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	25-31
9756092-11	1998	Thus, Ang II acting on AT1 receptors stimulates superoxide generation, which, in turn, induces expression of P-selectin on the endothelial cell surface.	Superoxides	48-58	selectin P	Homo sapiens	109-119
9555979-7	1998	Macrophages from animals treated with IFN-gamma had higher in vitro tumoricidal activity and production of O2- (p &lt; 0.05).	Superoxides	107-109	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	38-47
9461621-2	1998	Anionic amphiphiles, such as arachidonate, activate the superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase in a cell-free system with human neutrophil membrane, which contains cytochrome b558 comprising gp91(phox) and p22(phox), and three cytosolic proteins: p47(phox) and p67(phox), each harboring two SH3 domains, and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	56-66	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	202-206
9461621-2	1998	Anionic amphiphiles, such as arachidonate, activate the superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase in a cell-free system with human neutrophil membrane, which contains cytochrome b558 comprising gp91(phox) and p22(phox), and three cytosolic proteins: p47(phox) and p67(phox), each harboring two SH3 domains, and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	56-66	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	212-215
9461621-2	1998	Anionic amphiphiles, such as arachidonate, activate the superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase in a cell-free system with human neutrophil membrane, which contains cytochrome b558 comprising gp91(phox) and p22(phox), and three cytosolic proteins: p47(phox) and p67(phox), each harboring two SH3 domains, and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	56-66	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	216-220
9461621-2	1998	Anionic amphiphiles, such as arachidonate, activate the superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase in a cell-free system with human neutrophil membrane, which contains cytochrome b558 comprising gp91(phox) and p22(phox), and three cytosolic proteins: p47(phox) and p67(phox), each harboring two SH3 domains, and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	56-66	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	253-256
9461621-2	1998	Anionic amphiphiles, such as arachidonate, activate the superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase in a cell-free system with human neutrophil membrane, which contains cytochrome b558 comprising gp91(phox) and p22(phox), and three cytosolic proteins: p47(phox) and p67(phox), each harboring two SH3 domains, and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	56-66	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	216-220
9461621-2	1998	Anionic amphiphiles, such as arachidonate, activate the superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase in a cell-free system with human neutrophil membrane, which contains cytochrome b558 comprising gp91(phox) and p22(phox), and three cytosolic proteins: p47(phox) and p67(phox), each harboring two SH3 domains, and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	56-66	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	216-220
9452441-1	1998	Nitric oxide (NO), a physiologically important activator of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), is synthesized from L-arginine and O2 in a reaction catalyzed by NO synthases (NOS).	Superoxides	127-129	guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2	Rattus norvegicus	86-89
9483174-2	1997	Since LPS stimulates active oxygen species production by these cells, we investigated the roles of superoxide anion and nitric oxide in the induction of TF in human blood monocytes.	Superoxides	99-115	coagulation factor III, tissue factor	Homo sapiens	153-155
9151791-5	1997	Topical application of a superoxide generating system increased albumin permeation and blood flow and these changes were markedly attenuated by VEGF antibody and NOS inhibitors.	Superoxides	25-35	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Rattus norvegicus	144-148
9151791-7	1997	These observations suggest a potentially important role for VEGF in mediating vascular dysfunction induced by "hypoxia-like" cytosolic metabolic imbalances (reductive stress, increased superoxide, and nitric oxide production) linked to increased flux of glucose via the sorbitol pathway.	Superoxides	185-195	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Rattus norvegicus	60-64
9192738-0	1997	Potentiation of chemotactic peptide-induced superoxide generation by CD38 ligation in human myeloid cell lines.	Superoxides	44-54	CD38 molecule	Homo sapiens	69-73
9192738-3	1997	In the present study, we found that the agonistic anti-CD38 mAb markedly potentiates superoxide generation stimulated by chemotactic formyl-Met-Leu-Phe receptors in the CD38-producing cells.	Superoxides	85-95	CD38 molecule	Homo sapiens	55-59
9192738-3	1997	In the present study, we found that the agonistic anti-CD38 mAb markedly potentiates superoxide generation stimulated by chemotactic formyl-Met-Leu-Phe receptors in the CD38-producing cells.	Superoxides	85-95	CD38 molecule	Homo sapiens	169-173
9192738-7	1997	These results indicate that the CD38-induced tyrosine phosphorylation has a cross-talk with the chemotactic receptor/G1-mediated signal transduction pathway resulting in the enhancement of superoxide generation, probably through the activation of PI 3-kinase.	Superoxides	189-199	CD38 molecule	Homo sapiens	32-36
9224389-11	1997	Lexipafant attenuated the PAF-mediated upregulation of PMN .O2- production, CD11b expression, and elastase release in a dose dependent fashion.	Superoxides	60-62	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	26-29
8943402-3	1996	Replacement of residues Val264 or Asp265, in particular, results in reduced superoxide production triggered through human Fc gammaRI expressed on U937 cells.	Superoxides	76-86	Fc gamma receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	122-132
8939991-0	1996	The cytosolic component p47(phox) is not a sine qua non participant in the activation of NADPH oxidase but is required for optimal superoxide production.	Superoxides	131-141	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	24-27
8939991-1	1996	The superoxide (O-2)-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes is a multicomponent complex consisting of a membrane-associated flavocytochrome (cytochrome b559), bearing the NADPH binding site and two redox centers (FAD and heme) and three cytosolic activating components: p47(phox), p67(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (1 or 2).	Superoxides	4-14	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	270-273
8939991-1	1996	The superoxide (O-2)-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes is a multicomponent complex consisting of a membrane-associated flavocytochrome (cytochrome b559), bearing the NADPH binding site and two redox centers (FAD and heme) and three cytosolic activating components: p47(phox), p67(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (1 or 2).	Superoxides	16-19	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	270-273
8939991-9	1996	p47(phox) appears to facilitate or stabilize the interaction of p67(phox) and, possibly, Rac1 with cytochrome b559, and is required for optimal generation of O-2 under physiological conditions.	Superoxides	158-161	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	0-3
8930166-2	1996	The following agents inhibited phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-stimulated O2- generation significantly in the all-trans retinoic acid-treated HL-60 cells (expressed as percentage of control, P &lt; .05): 1) PKC inhibitors: staurosporine (100 nM, 3 +/- 1%); Ro 31-8220 (1 microM, 3 +/- 2%); sphingosine (100 microM, 15 +/- 7%); 2) PSP 1 and 2a inhibitors, okadaic acid (10 microM, 35 +/- 1%); calyculin A (10 microM, 73 +/- 1%); 3) MAPK inhibitor: SB-203580 (100 microM, 62 +/- 1%); 4) PTP inhibitors: phenylarsine oxide (1 microM, 12 +/- 9%); diamide (1 mM, 21 +/- 11%); and 5) secretory phospholipase A2 inhibitors: manoalide (1 microM, 24 +/- 10%); scalaradial (1 microM, 11 +/- 4%).	Superoxides	74-76	paraspeckle component 1	Homo sapiens	330-342
8986067-2	1996	The superoxide production of blood leukocytes increased by treatment of G-CSF with its dose dependency.	Superoxides	4-14	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	72-77
8886015-0	1996	Enhancement of superoxide production and protection against heat shock by HSP27 in fibroblasts.	Superoxides	15-25	heat shock protein family B (small) member 1	Homo sapiens	74-79
8886015-5	1996	Cells with the enhanced expression of normal human HSP27 as well as the non-phosphorylatable protein exhibited a 20-fold higher superoxide production than control CCL39 cells.	Superoxides	128-138	heat shock protein family B (small) member 1	Homo sapiens	51-56
8757214-11	1996	Finally, IL-5, IL-3, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and tumor necrosis factor- alpha, but not RANTES, also induced superoxide production from eosinophils.	Superoxides	134-144	interleukin 3	Homo sapiens	15-19
8757214-11	1996	Finally, IL-5, IL-3, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and tumor necrosis factor- alpha, but not RANTES, also induced superoxide production from eosinophils.	Superoxides	134-144	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	21-103
8694859-3	1996	However, inhibition of superoxide generation by neutrophils activated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), opsonized zymosan (OZ), and arachidonate (AA) only occurred with higher concentrations of propranolol, and coincided with decreased intracellular calcium fluxes, phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity and synthesis of platelet-activating factor (PAF).	Superoxides	23-33	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	320-346
8694859-3	1996	However, inhibition of superoxide generation by neutrophils activated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), opsonized zymosan (OZ), and arachidonate (AA) only occurred with higher concentrations of propranolol, and coincided with decreased intracellular calcium fluxes, phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity and synthesis of platelet-activating factor (PAF).	Superoxides	23-33	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	348-351
8694859-5	1996	A mechanistic relationship between the anti-oxidative and membrane-stabilizing properties of propranolol was suggested by the observation that pretreatment of neutrophils with LPC or PAF eliminated the inhibitory effects of the drug on superoxide generation by PMA-activated neutrophils.	Superoxides	236-246	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	183-186
8663333-2	1996	During activation, cytosolic proteins p47(phox), p67(phox), Rac2, and possibly p40(phox) translocate to the plasma membrane and associate with flavocytochrome b to form the active superoxide-generating system.	Superoxides	180-190	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	38-41
8663333-2	1996	During activation, cytosolic proteins p47(phox), p67(phox), Rac2, and possibly p40(phox) translocate to the plasma membrane and associate with flavocytochrome b to form the active superoxide-generating system.	Superoxides	180-190	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	42-46
8663342-4	1996	Both the specific pp1 inhibitor calyculin A (10 nM) and the pp2A inhibitor okadaic acid (10 microM) enhanced O2.- generation (185 +/- 24 and 189 +/- 35% of control, respectively, p &lt; 0.0001 for both, n = 8), as reported previously.	Superoxides	109-111	protein phosphatase 2 phosphatase activator	Homo sapiens	60-64
8817290-2	1996	IDO is an antioxidant enzyme because it is a direct scavenger of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	65-75	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
8647914-0	1996	Methotrexate inhibits superoxide production and chemotaxis in neutrophils activated by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.	Superoxides	22-32	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	87-124
8647914-1	1996	Treatment of circulating human neutrophils with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) for 30 min augmented superoxide generation and chemotaxis induced by N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) in a dose dependent manner.	Superoxides	135-145	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	66-103
8663020-0	1996	Ceruloplasmin enhances smooth muscle cell- and endothelial cell-mediated low density lipoprotein oxidation by a superoxide-dependent mechanism.	Superoxides	112-122	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	0-13
8603994-0	1996	Alkyl-PAF and acyl-PAF human neutrophil priming for enhanced fMLP- and rC5a-induced superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	84-100	complement C5	Rattus norvegicus	71-75
8603994-1	1996	Alkyl-PAF induced two components of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) priming for enhanced fMLP- and rC5a-induced superoxide anion (O2-) production.	Superoxides	114-130	complement C5	Rattus norvegicus	101-105
8603994-1	1996	Alkyl-PAF induced two components of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) priming for enhanced fMLP- and rC5a-induced superoxide anion (O2-) production.	Superoxides	132-134	complement C5	Rattus norvegicus	101-105
8906279-4	1996	As a consequence of inflammation, superoxide anion is liberated and serves as a substrate for IDO.	Superoxides	34-50	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	94-97
8834862-2	1996	We undertook this study to determine whether phospholipase A2-dependent release of arachidonic acid is involved in PCB-induced O2- production.	Superoxides	127-129	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	45-61
8834862-11	1996	These data suggest that Aroclor 1242 stimulates neutrophils to produce O2- by a mechanism that involves phospholipase A2-dependent release of arachidonic acid.	Superoxides	71-73	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	104-120
8551399-3	1996	The data indicate that mutations in the p47-phagocyte oxidase component of the reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase component do not completely prevent oxidation despite severe defects in superoxide generation.	Superoxides	211-221	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	40-43
8567031-5	1995	The ability of LPS, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha or PAF to maintain the high superoxide response was blocked by addition of inhibitors of serine proteases, either 4-(2-aminoethyl)-benzenesulphonyl fluoride (AEBSF) or 3,4-dichloroisocoumarin.	Superoxides	69-79	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	44-47
8567031-11	1995	We conclude that activity of a monocyte serine protease is required to maintain the high superoxide response in monocytes primed with LPS, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, or PAF.	Superoxides	89-99	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	164-167
7594500-0	1995	Differential effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on eosinophil and neutrophil superoxide anion generation.	Superoxides	102-118	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	24-72
7594500-4	1995	Incubation with GM-CSF (10 or 100 pM) significantly enhanced FMLP-stimulated EOS superoxide anion (O2-) generation, LTC4 release, and adhesion to tissue culture plates.	Superoxides	81-97	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	16-22
7594500-4	1995	Incubation with GM-CSF (10 or 100 pM) significantly enhanced FMLP-stimulated EOS superoxide anion (O2-) generation, LTC4 release, and adhesion to tissue culture plates.	Superoxides	99-101	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	16-22
7639508-0	1995	Superoxide anion generation by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in response to prothymosin alpha.	Superoxides	0-16	prothymosin alpha pseudogene 9	Homo sapiens	87-104
7639508-1	1995	The ability of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells to respond to highly purified prothymosin alpha by generating superoxide anion was investigated.	Superoxides	118-134	prothymosin alpha pseudogene 9	Homo sapiens	86-103
7639508-6	1995	Selective stimulation of these fractions with prothymosin alpha revealed that different cell populations were responsible for the generation of superoxide at higher and lower concentrations of stimulant, respectively.	Superoxides	144-154	prothymosin alpha pseudogene 9	Homo sapiens	46-63
7639508-10	1995	Finally, simultaneous addition of prothymosin alpha and PMA resulted in a approximately 40% decrease of the O2- generation induced by PMA alone.	Superoxides	108-110	prothymosin alpha pseudogene 9	Homo sapiens	34-51
7543524-4	1995	Several recent reports have demonstrated that ligation and cross-linking of neutrophil L-selectin results in neutrophil activation, including intracellular calcium release, superoxide production, and induction of mRNA for production of IL-8 and TNF-alpha.	Superoxides	173-183	selectin L	Homo sapiens	87-97
7643012-0	1995	C1q triggers neutrophil superoxide production by a unique CD18-dependent mechanism.	Superoxides	24-34	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	0-3
7643012-1	1995	Complement protein C1q induces the production of superoxide (O2-) by neutrophils via an as yet unidentified receptor or receptor complex.	Superoxides	49-59	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	19-22
7643012-1	1995	Complement protein C1q induces the production of superoxide (O2-) by neutrophils via an as yet unidentified receptor or receptor complex.	Superoxides	61-63	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	19-22
7643012-4	1995	Next, 17 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) recognizing various neutrophil surface antigens were tested for their ability to inhibit C1q-CLR-mediated O2- production.	Superoxides	144-146	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	127-130
7643012-7	1995	Because CD11b/CD18 is recognized to play a role in cell adhesion, the role of adherence in C1q-mediated O2- production was explored.	Superoxides	104-106	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	91-94
7643012-8	1995	Adherence of neutrophils to C1q-CLR-coated surfaces occurred with kinetics, which usually paralleled those of O2- production, and was invariably abolished by the anti-CD11b mAb 44a.	Superoxides	110-112	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	28-31
7603981-1	1995	Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD; superoxide:superoxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.15.1.1) is a secreted Cu- and Zn-containing tetrameric glycoprotein, the bulk of which is bound to heparan sulfate proteoglycans in the interstitium of tissues.	Superoxides	14-24	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	36-42
7476028-5	1995	In addition, superoxide anion scavengers such as superoxide dismutase and ceruloplasmin significantly reduced the increased ACh release evoked by NMDA and SNP.	Superoxides	13-29	ceruloplasmin	Mus musculus	74-87
7601250-1	1995	Together, interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) and IL-1 beta primed human neutrophils for enhanced release of superoxide (O2-) stimulated by chemotactic peptide, chemokine, and plant lectin, and alone, each triggered O2- release in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	106-116	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	10-29
7601250-1	1995	Together, interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) and IL-1 beta primed human neutrophils for enhanced release of superoxide (O2-) stimulated by chemotactic peptide, chemokine, and plant lectin, and alone, each triggered O2- release in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	106-116	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	31-41
7601250-1	1995	Together, interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) and IL-1 beta primed human neutrophils for enhanced release of superoxide (O2-) stimulated by chemotactic peptide, chemokine, and plant lectin, and alone, each triggered O2- release in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	118-120	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	10-29
7601250-1	1995	Together, interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) and IL-1 beta primed human neutrophils for enhanced release of superoxide (O2-) stimulated by chemotactic peptide, chemokine, and plant lectin, and alone, each triggered O2- release in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	118-120	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	31-41
7601250-1	1995	Together, interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) and IL-1 beta primed human neutrophils for enhanced release of superoxide (O2-) stimulated by chemotactic peptide, chemokine, and plant lectin, and alone, each triggered O2- release in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	213-215	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	10-29
7601250-1	1995	Together, interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) and IL-1 beta primed human neutrophils for enhanced release of superoxide (O2-) stimulated by chemotactic peptide, chemokine, and plant lectin, and alone, each triggered O2- release in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	213-215	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	31-41
7579062-0	1995	Elevated superoxide generation in mononuclear phagocytes by treatment with 1 alpha hydroxyvitamin D3: changes in kinetics and in oxidase cytosolic factor p47.	Superoxides	9-19	inhibitor of growth family member 1	Homo sapiens	154-157
8571587-1	1995	A platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonist was found to inhibit superoxide production in the leukocytes of patients with type IIA hypercholesterolemia.	Superoxides	67-77	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	2-28
8571587-1	1995	A platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonist was found to inhibit superoxide production in the leukocytes of patients with type IIA hypercholesterolemia.	Superoxides	67-77	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	30-33
8571587-3	1995	The PAF-antagonist-induced inhibition of superoxide production was observed in the leukocytes from hypercholesterolemic patients whose plasma cholesterol levels varied from 8.3 to 14.0 mmole/l.	Superoxides	41-51	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	4-7
7584671-1	1995	The influence of CSF therapy on the superoxide (O2-) releasing capacity in response to N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) of neutrophils from 32 patients with testicular cancer receiving high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) was assessed: 8 patients were treated as control group without CSF therapy, 12 patients received GM-CSF, and 12 patients received G-CSF.	Superoxides	36-46	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	17-20
7745500-5	1995	Taken together, these results strongly suggest that mesangial cell proliferation and increased production of immune/chemical mediators and superoxide anion can be directly induced by IL-1 plus IL-6.	Superoxides	139-155	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	183-187
7744303-0	1995	Lung damage in paraquat poisoning and hyperbaric oxygen exposure: superoxide-mediated inhibition of phospholipase A2.	Superoxides	66-76	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	100-116
7739782-4	1995	Two types of superoxide scavengers, Cu2+, Zn2+ superoxide dismutase and ceruloplasmin, significantly reduced the NO-evoked ACh release.	Superoxides	13-23	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	72-85
7525817-0	1994	Induction of superoxide anion production from monocytes an neutrophils by activated platelets through the P-selectin-sialyl Lewis X interaction.	Superoxides	13-29	selectin P	Homo sapiens	106-116
7525817-2	1994	We examined the possibility that the leukocytes were activated by their adhesion to activated platelets and demonstrated that P-selectin-dependent platelet adhesion to neutrophils and monocytes induced production of extracellular superoxide anion (O2-) by these leukocytes.	Superoxides	230-246	selectin P	Homo sapiens	126-136
7525817-2	1994	We examined the possibility that the leukocytes were activated by their adhesion to activated platelets and demonstrated that P-selectin-dependent platelet adhesion to neutrophils and monocytes induced production of extracellular superoxide anion (O2-) by these leukocytes.	Superoxides	248-250	selectin P	Homo sapiens	126-136
7525817-5	1994	For example, treatments of neutrophils with interleukin-8 (IL-8) or granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) potentiated the P-selectin-induced O2- production.	Superoxides	149-151	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	68-105
7525817-5	1994	For example, treatments of neutrophils with interleukin-8 (IL-8) or granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) potentiated the P-selectin-induced O2- production.	Superoxides	149-151	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	107-112
7525817-5	1994	For example, treatments of neutrophils with interleukin-8 (IL-8) or granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) potentiated the P-selectin-induced O2- production.	Superoxides	149-151	selectin P	Homo sapiens	130-140
7940191-11	1994	Administration of IL-4 significantly reduced the incidence of bacteria positive MLN and increased PMO superoxide production, CAP, CAK, and MLN lymphocyte mitogenesis.	Superoxides	102-112	interleukin 4	Mus musculus	18-22
7521876-1	1994	We previously reported that activated platelets stimulated neutrophils and monocytes to produce superoxide anion (O2-) through the interaction between P-selectin and its carbohydrate ligand, sialyl Lewis X (sLeX) (Nagata, K., Tsuji, T., Todoroki, N., Katagiri, Y., Tanoue, K., Yamazaki, H., Hanai N., and Irimura, T. (1993) J. Immunol.	Superoxides	96-112	selectin P	Homo sapiens	151-161
7521876-1	1994	We previously reported that activated platelets stimulated neutrophils and monocytes to produce superoxide anion (O2-) through the interaction between P-selectin and its carbohydrate ligand, sialyl Lewis X (sLeX) (Nagata, K., Tsuji, T., Todoroki, N., Katagiri, Y., Tanoue, K., Yamazaki, H., Hanai N., and Irimura, T. (1993) J. Immunol.	Superoxides	114-116	selectin P	Homo sapiens	151-161
7521876-5	1994	Granulocyte-like differentiated HL-60 (gHL-60) cells released an increased amount of O2- in response to activated platelets in a P-selectin-dependent manner.	Superoxides	85-87	selectin P	Homo sapiens	129-139
7802603-6	1994	Eosinophils generated superoxide in response to IL-3 and IL-5 (maximum concentration was 50 ng/ml), but neutrophils did not.	Superoxides	22-32	interleukin 3	Homo sapiens	48-52
7981927-2	1994	It is known that in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), the phorbol ester-induced generation of superoxide anion (respiratory burst) is effectively inhibited by STAR in a dose-dependent manner, whereas superoxide generation induced by chemoattractants, e.g. n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) or PAF, is regulated biphasically by STAR.	Superoxides	103-119	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	315-318
7981927-2	1994	It is known that in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), the phorbol ester-induced generation of superoxide anion (respiratory burst) is effectively inhibited by STAR in a dose-dependent manner, whereas superoxide generation induced by chemoattractants, e.g. n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) or PAF, is regulated biphasically by STAR.	Superoxides	103-113	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	315-318
8034626-2	1994	Although Rap1A copurifies with cytochrome b558, a component of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of human phagocytes and B lymphocytes, the involvement of Rap1A in the regulation of the oxidative burst in these cells has not been clearly established.	Superoxides	67-77	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	9-14
8034626-4	1994	Both the 17N and 63E mutants of Rap1A inhibited phorbol ester-stimulated O2-.	Superoxides	73-75	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	32-37
7517218-8	1994	Transduction of gp91phox or p22phox-deficient CGD EBV-B lines resulted in correction of O2-.	Superoxides	88-90	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Homo sapiens	28-35
7988496-5	1994	Neutrophil elastase activities in the supernatants of pulmonary lavaged fluids measured using methoxysuccinyl-alanyl-alanyl-prolyl-valine-4-methylcoumar-7-amide were lower (p &lt; .05) in beige mice than those in the normal littermates, whereas neutrophil recruitment into the airways and production of superoxide anion measured as the superoxide dismutase inhibitable rate of cytochrome c reduction were not impaired.	Superoxides	303-319	elastase, neutrophil expressed	Mus musculus	0-19
8032542-7	1994	Treatment with IL-2 also caused induction of the superoxide-generating enzyme xanthine oxidase (XO) in tissues and serum and induced bacterial translocation in the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN).	Superoxides	49-59	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	15-19
7914788-7	1994	The protective activity of oxypurinol, amflutizole, superoxide dismutase, NG nitro-L-arginine and quinacrine, also suggests that xanthine oxidase activation, the generation of superoxide radical, and nitrix oxide, as well as phospholipase A2 stimulation are responsible for neuron injury (i.e. LDH release).	Superoxides	176-194	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	225-241
7533039-3	1994	In addition, superoxide anions play a role in gp120 neurotoxicity since superoxide dismutase also attenuates neurotoxicity.	Superoxides	13-30	inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4	Homo sapiens	46-51
8392911-2	1993	Four days after the administration to mice of small amounts of platonin (20-40 ng/mouse), peritoneal macrophages exhibited greatly enhanced Fc-receptor-mediated phagocytic and superoxide-generating capacities.	Superoxides	176-186	Fc receptor	Mus musculus	140-151
8314788-7	1993	Recombinant cytochrome b558 supported superoxide production in a cell-free assay containing recombinant p47phox, p67phox, and p21Rac.	Superoxides	38-48	CYTB	Spodoptera frugiperda	12-24
8314788-8	1993	The enzymatic turnover of the partially purified recombinant cytochrome b558 and neutrophil cytochrome b558 were similar (approximately 100-160 mol of superoxide generated/s/mol of cytochrome heme, range of two experiments) and the native and recombinant cytochromes showed similar requirements for NADPH and exogenous FAD.	Superoxides	151-161	CYTB	Spodoptera frugiperda	61-73
7689895-6	1993	G-CSF treatment also enhanced superoxide anion production by the PMNs in response to f-MLP as determined by the superoxide dismutase inhibitable cytochrome C reduction method.	Superoxides	30-46	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-5
8396104-9	1993	These findings suggest that superoxide anion may be implicated in the pathogenesis of the pulmonary hypertension induced by TNF in sheep.	Superoxides	28-44	tumor necrosis factor	Ovis aries	124-127
8396615-3	1993	Lesional esterase-positive cells (suggestive of monocytes/macrophages) from rIFN-gamma-injected sites of many subjects showed net increments in the H2O2 and O2 levels compared to controls.	Superoxides	150-152	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	76-86
8391055-0	1993	Recombinant bovine GM-CSF primes superoxide production but not degranulation induced by recombinant bovine interleukin-1 beta in bovine neutrophils.	Superoxides	33-43	colony stimulating factor 2	Bos taurus	19-25
8391055-5	1993	Furthermore, pretreatment of cells with recombinant bovine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (r-BoGM-CSF) enhanced both superoxide production and beta-glucosaminidase release induced by PAF.	Superoxides	135-145	colony stimulating factor 2	Bos taurus	59-107
8383168-8	1993	PAF also stimulated superoxide anion production alone and in combination with the macrophage activator 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in both cell types.	Superoxides	20-36	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
8167697-0	1993	Is the IFN-gamma-induced enhancement of superoxide production in CGD-phagocytes caused by increased expression of the p47-phox cytosolic protein.	Superoxides	40-50	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	118-121
8167728-5	1993	The presence and activity of the retrovirally encoded p47-phox in the transduced cells is demonstrated and we show that this restores their capacity to generate superoxide.	Superoxides	161-171	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	54-57
8417002-10	1993	The prolonged increase in mRNA and the decrease in the protein of CuZnSOD in the CA1 neurons seem to imply an important role of the endogenous antioxidant enzyme that protects against the detrimental effects of superoxide radicals on delayed neuronal death.	Superoxides	211-221	carbonic anhydrase 1	Rattus norvegicus	81-84
1337274-1	1992	The ability of the superoxide radical (SOR) generated by xanthine oxidase to activate phospholipase A2 (PLA2) was examined in microsomes prepared from luteinized rat ovaries.	Superoxides	19-37	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	86-102
1337274-1	1992	The ability of the superoxide radical (SOR) generated by xanthine oxidase to activate phospholipase A2 (PLA2) was examined in microsomes prepared from luteinized rat ovaries.	Superoxides	19-37	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	104-108
1337274-1	1992	The ability of the superoxide radical (SOR) generated by xanthine oxidase to activate phospholipase A2 (PLA2) was examined in microsomes prepared from luteinized rat ovaries.	Superoxides	39-42	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	86-102
1337274-1	1992	The ability of the superoxide radical (SOR) generated by xanthine oxidase to activate phospholipase A2 (PLA2) was examined in microsomes prepared from luteinized rat ovaries.	Superoxides	39-42	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	104-108
1284233-1	1992	Receptor-mediated superoxide (O2.-)-generation and tyrosyl phosphorylation of neutrophil proteins, such as 58, 65, 84, 108 and 115 kDa, were enhanced by priming cells with granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) [Akimura, K. et al.	Superoxides	18-28	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	172-209
1284233-1	1992	Receptor-mediated superoxide (O2.-)-generation and tyrosyl phosphorylation of neutrophil proteins, such as 58, 65, 84, 108 and 115 kDa, were enhanced by priming cells with granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) [Akimura, K. et al.	Superoxides	18-28	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	211-216
1284233-1	1992	Receptor-mediated superoxide (O2.-)-generation and tyrosyl phosphorylation of neutrophil proteins, such as 58, 65, 84, 108 and 115 kDa, were enhanced by priming cells with granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) [Akimura, K. et al.	Superoxides	30-32	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	172-209
1284233-1	1992	Receptor-mediated superoxide (O2.-)-generation and tyrosyl phosphorylation of neutrophil proteins, such as 58, 65, 84, 108 and 115 kDa, were enhanced by priming cells with granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) [Akimura, K. et al.	Superoxides	30-32	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	211-216
1339007-2	1992	The distribution of superoxide anions in the CNS is based upon the 380 nm chemiluminescence of 2-methyl-6-phenyl-3,7-dihydroimidazo[1,2a] pyrazin-3-one (CLA-phenyl) when it reacts with superoxide anions in frozen tissue sections.	Superoxides	20-37	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	153-156
1384435-6	1992	Similar inhibition by the TK inhibitors and stimulation by the PKC inhibitors were also observed with formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP)-induced superoxide (O2.-) generation by TNF-alpha- or G-CSF-primed PMN.	Superoxides	154-164	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	200-205
1384435-6	1992	Similar inhibition by the TK inhibitors and stimulation by the PKC inhibitors were also observed with formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP)-induced superoxide (O2.-) generation by TNF-alpha- or G-CSF-primed PMN.	Superoxides	166-168	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	200-205
1337129-4	1992	ULN suppressed formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-induced superoxide production from polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) as measured by the cytochrome c assay.	Superoxides	103-113	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
1337129-7	1992	These results suggest that ULN"s membrane stabilizing action and suppressive effect against PMNs superoxide production might be attributed to its suppressive effect on the liver"s lipid peroxidation caused by ischemia-reperfusion.	Superoxides	97-107	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Rattus norvegicus	27-30
1329105-12	1992	as an important mediator in CNS O2 toxicity and suggest that ECSOD increases CNS O2 toxicity by inhibiting O2(-)-mediated inactivation of NO.	Superoxides	107-112	superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular	Mus musculus	61-66
1314191-0	1992	Superoxide anion release induced by platelet-activating factor is increased in human alveolar macrophages from smokers.	Superoxides	0-16	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	36-62
1314191-1	1992	This study was designed to investigate the effects of the platelet-activating factor (PAF) on the superoxide anion production (O2.)	Superoxides	98-114	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	58-84
1314191-1	1992	This study was designed to investigate the effects of the platelet-activating factor (PAF) on the superoxide anion production (O2.)	Superoxides	98-114	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	86-89
1314191-1	1992	This study was designed to investigate the effects of the platelet-activating factor (PAF) on the superoxide anion production (O2.)	Superoxides	127-129	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	58-84
1314191-1	1992	This study was designed to investigate the effects of the platelet-activating factor (PAF) on the superoxide anion production (O2.)	Superoxides	127-129	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	86-89
1314191-4	1992	Stimulation with PAF led to a dose-dependent increase of O2.	Superoxides	57-59	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	17-20
1314191-6	1992	The median effective dose (EC50) for PAF action on O2.	Superoxides	51-53	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	37-40
1355540-4	1992	In rat isolated PMN leucocyte suspension, venom PLA2 induced superoxide radical formation.	Superoxides	61-71	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	48-52
1313435-11	1992	These data strongly suggest that p47 undergoes a continual cycle of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation throughout the period of O2- release when PMA is the stimulus.	Superoxides	131-133	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	33-36
1313435-12	1992	Moreover, we show that antagonists of type 1 and 2A protein phosphatases block dephosphorylation of p47 both in vivo and in vitro, indicating that these enzymes may modulate O2- release under certain circumstances.	Superoxides	174-176	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	100-103
1312344-2	1992	Cytochrome b558, the terminal electron donor to O2, is an integral membrane heterodimer containing 91- and 22-kDa subunits (gp91-phox and p22-phox, respectively).	Superoxides	48-50	calcineurin like EF-hand protein 1	Homo sapiens	138-141
1312371-0	1992	Rapid priming of human monocytes by human hematopoietic growth factors: granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF), macrophage-CSF, and interleukin-3 selectively enhance superoxide release triggered by receptor-mediated agonists.	Superoxides	182-192	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	72-120
1312371-0	1992	Rapid priming of human monocytes by human hematopoietic growth factors: granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF), macrophage-CSF, and interleukin-3 selectively enhance superoxide release triggered by receptor-mediated agonists.	Superoxides	182-192	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	128-142
1312371-0	1992	Rapid priming of human monocytes by human hematopoietic growth factors: granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF), macrophage-CSF, and interleukin-3 selectively enhance superoxide release triggered by receptor-mediated agonists.	Superoxides	182-192	interleukin 3	Homo sapiens	148-161
1312371-5	1992	Enhancement of O2- release by GM-CSF was observed over the complete range of effective concentrations of FMLP (10(-8) to 10(-6) mol/L).	Superoxides	15-17	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	30-36
1312371-7	1992	These findings show that GM-CSF, M-CSF, and IL-3 selectively enhance O2- release in human monocytes triggered by receptor-mediated agonists after short-term preincubation.	Superoxides	69-71	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	25-31
1312371-7	1992	These findings show that GM-CSF, M-CSF, and IL-3 selectively enhance O2- release in human monocytes triggered by receptor-mediated agonists after short-term preincubation.	Superoxides	69-71	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	26-31
1312371-7	1992	These findings show that GM-CSF, M-CSF, and IL-3 selectively enhance O2- release in human monocytes triggered by receptor-mediated agonists after short-term preincubation.	Superoxides	69-71	interleukin 3	Homo sapiens	44-48
1312372-2	1992	Preliminary studies with CGD suggested that rIFN-gamma treatment enhanced phagocyte oxidase activity and increased superoxide (O2-) production.	Superoxides	115-125	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	44-54
1312372-2	1992	Preliminary studies with CGD suggested that rIFN-gamma treatment enhanced phagocyte oxidase activity and increased superoxide (O2-) production.	Superoxides	127-129	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	44-54
1312373-7	1992	Approximately 70% of the total Rap1A labeling was associated with the phagolysosomal membrane, the site of assembly of the superoxide-generating system.	Superoxides	123-133	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	31-36
1312373-8	1992	The colocalization and cotranslocation of Rap1A with cytochrome b in resting and activated neutrophils is consistent with a functional association of these two molecules in the intact cell and provides further evidence for a role of this LMWG in the structure or function of the neutrophil superoxide-generating system.	Superoxides	290-300	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	42-47
1312101-0	1992	The effects of eosinophil-granule major basic protein on lung-macrophage superoxide anion generation.	Superoxides	73-89	myelin basic protein	Cavia porcellus	34-53
1312101-1	1992	The effects of major basic protein (MBP) on superoxide anion release in vitro from normal guinea pig (GP) alveolar macrophages (AM) was determined.	Superoxides	44-60	myelin basic protein	Cavia porcellus	15-34
1312101-1	1992	The effects of major basic protein (MBP) on superoxide anion release in vitro from normal guinea pig (GP) alveolar macrophages (AM) was determined.	Superoxides	44-60	myelin basic protein	Cavia porcellus	36-39
1312101-2	1992	Native MBP at 55 micrograms/ml had an immediate effect (reduction) on phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-induced (p less than 0.01) and spontaneous (p = 0.055) superoxide (O2-) release by GP AMs.	Superoxides	157-167	myelin basic protein	Cavia porcellus	7-10
1312101-2	1992	Native MBP at 55 micrograms/ml had an immediate effect (reduction) on phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-induced (p less than 0.01) and spontaneous (p = 0.055) superoxide (O2-) release by GP AMs.	Superoxides	169-171	myelin basic protein	Cavia porcellus	7-10
1531037-1	1992	We recently showed that mRNA levels coding the high-affinity Fc gamma receptor for IgG (Fc gamma R-I, CD64) and two of the components of the phagocytic superoxide anion-generating system--the heavy-chain subunit of cytochrome b558 (gp91-phox) and the 47-Kd cytosolic factor (p47-phox)--are modulated by interferon gamma (IFN-gamma).	Superoxides	152-168	Fc gamma receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	61-78
1531037-1	1992	We recently showed that mRNA levels coding the high-affinity Fc gamma receptor for IgG (Fc gamma R-I, CD64) and two of the components of the phagocytic superoxide anion-generating system--the heavy-chain subunit of cytochrome b558 (gp91-phox) and the 47-Kd cytosolic factor (p47-phox)--are modulated by interferon gamma (IFN-gamma).	Superoxides	152-168	Fc gamma receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	88-100
1531037-1	1992	We recently showed that mRNA levels coding the high-affinity Fc gamma receptor for IgG (Fc gamma R-I, CD64) and two of the components of the phagocytic superoxide anion-generating system--the heavy-chain subunit of cytochrome b558 (gp91-phox) and the 47-Kd cytosolic factor (p47-phox)--are modulated by interferon gamma (IFN-gamma).	Superoxides	152-168	Fc gamma receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	102-106
1531037-1	1992	We recently showed that mRNA levels coding the high-affinity Fc gamma receptor for IgG (Fc gamma R-I, CD64) and two of the components of the phagocytic superoxide anion-generating system--the heavy-chain subunit of cytochrome b558 (gp91-phox) and the 47-Kd cytosolic factor (p47-phox)--are modulated by interferon gamma (IFN-gamma).	Superoxides	152-168	inhibitor of growth family member 1	Homo sapiens	275-278
1309421-0	1992	Platelet-activating factor primes human eosinophil generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	65-75	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	0-26
1309421-5	1992	To test this hypothesis, eosinophils were preincubated (1 and 15 min) with low concentrations of PAF (1 x 10(-8) and 1 x 10(-10) M); this exposure to PAF resulted in enhanced generation of superoxide anion to FMLP stimulation.	Superoxides	189-205	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	97-100
1309421-5	1992	To test this hypothesis, eosinophils were preincubated (1 and 15 min) with low concentrations of PAF (1 x 10(-8) and 1 x 10(-10) M); this exposure to PAF resulted in enhanced generation of superoxide anion to FMLP stimulation.	Superoxides	189-205	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	150-153
1327185-3	1992	Stimulation of superoxide radical production strongly depends on the structure of the polar heads of PAF analogs.	Superoxides	15-33	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	101-104
1653237-2	1991	Phagocyte superoxide (O2-) response is primed by a variety of physiologic compounds including the neutrophil secretory proteases cathepsin G and elastase.	Superoxides	10-20	cathepsin G	Homo sapiens	129-153
1653237-2	1991	Phagocyte superoxide (O2-) response is primed by a variety of physiologic compounds including the neutrophil secretory proteases cathepsin G and elastase.	Superoxides	22-24	cathepsin G	Homo sapiens	129-153
1648528-10	1991	Using purified preparations of two flavoproteins found in the rat colon, it was shown that the addition of TNBS (1 mmol/L) to purified NADH dehydrogenase or glutathione reductase increased the rate of superoxide formation by these enzymes from normally undetectable levels to 1.6 nmol/min and 1.2 nmol/min, respectively.	Superoxides	201-211	glutathione-disulfide reductase	Rattus norvegicus	157-178
1667989-8	1991	Like CL, PAF had a weak effect on the generation of superoxide from PMNs.	Superoxides	52-62	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	9-12
1667989-9	1991	Neutrophils from seven RA SF stimulated with PMA or PAF showed a significant increase in superoxide production (76.05 +/- 2.14, 2.83 +/- 0.18) and these were higher than in PB of either RA patients (54.35 +/- 12.46, 1.03 +/- 0.74) and HS (55.70 +/- 17.9; 1.08 +/- 1.12) (p less than 0.05).	Superoxides	89-99	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	52-55
1646607-8	1991	The effects of PAF on [Ca2+]i and (O2-) could be blocked by the PAF-specific antagonist WEB 2086 dose dependently, indicating a receptor-mediated event.	Superoxides	35-37	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	64-67
1650966-0	1991	Involvement of superoxide anion and platelet-activating factor in increased tissue-type plasminogen activator during rat gastric microvascular damages.	Superoxides	15-31	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Rattus norvegicus	76-109
1650966-5	1991	Pretreatment of SOD or allopurinol significantly attenuated the irritation-induced t-PA activation, suggesting that the t-PA activity was modulated by xanthine oxidase-associated superoxide anions.	Superoxides	179-189	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Rattus norvegicus	83-87
1650966-5	1991	Pretreatment of SOD or allopurinol significantly attenuated the irritation-induced t-PA activation, suggesting that the t-PA activity was modulated by xanthine oxidase-associated superoxide anions.	Superoxides	179-189	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Rattus norvegicus	120-124
1874796-9	1991	An additional proposed biological function of EDRF(NO) is cytoprotection by virtue of scavenging superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	97-107	alpha hemoglobin stabilizing protein	Homo sapiens	46-50
1672790-4	1991	In addition, GM-CSF primed the neutrophils of the patient to an enhanced release of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	84-101	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	13-19
1848559-8	1991	Taken together these results indicate that PKC-dependent phosphorylation of p47-phox correlates with association of p47-phox with the cytoskeleton and with translocation of p47-phox and p67-phox to the plasma membrane, with the ensuing assembly of an active superoxide-generating NADPH-dependent oxidase.	Superoxides	258-268	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	76-79
1848559-8	1991	Taken together these results indicate that PKC-dependent phosphorylation of p47-phox correlates with association of p47-phox with the cytoskeleton and with translocation of p47-phox and p67-phox to the plasma membrane, with the ensuing assembly of an active superoxide-generating NADPH-dependent oxidase.	Superoxides	258-268	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	116-119
1848228-0	1991	Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor is a stimulant of platelet-activating factor and superoxide anion generation by human neutrophils.	Superoxides	98-114	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-48
1848228-6	1991	In functional studies GM-CSF stimulated superoxide anion generation from neutrophils with a time and dose relationship that paralleled PAF synthesis.	Superoxides	40-56	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	22-28
1848228-6	1991	In functional studies GM-CSF stimulated superoxide anion generation from neutrophils with a time and dose relationship that paralleled PAF synthesis.	Superoxides	40-56	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	135-138
1665713-4	1991	There was a close relationship between the concentration-response curve for increases in PAF synthesis and that for enhanced O2- generation.	Superoxides	125-127	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	89-92
1665713-5	1991	The possibility that PAF was causally linked to enhanced O2- generation in primed PMNs was investigated using compounds previously reported to reduce PAF generation, namely the serine protease inhibitor, tosyl-phenylalanine chloromethylketone, and the phospholipase A2 inhibitor, bromophenacylbromide.	Superoxides	57-59	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	21-24
1665713-7	1991	We examined the possibility that PAF acted in an autocrine fashion to enhance O2- generation following its release from fMLP-stimulated PMNs.	Superoxides	78-80	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	33-36
1966845-5	1990	In the presence of calmodulin inhibitors, FMLP-induced chemotaxis and superoxide anion production were strongly suppressed, whereas 1-oleoyl-2-acetylglycerol(OAG)(a direct activator of protein kinase C)-induced superoxide anion production was not affected.	Superoxides	70-86	calmodulin-3	Cavia porcellus	19-29
1966845-5	1990	In the presence of calmodulin inhibitors, FMLP-induced chemotaxis and superoxide anion production were strongly suppressed, whereas 1-oleoyl-2-acetylglycerol(OAG)(a direct activator of protein kinase C)-induced superoxide anion production was not affected.	Superoxides	211-227	calmodulin-3	Cavia porcellus	19-29
1702900-6	1990	When a recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) was intravenously injected, superoxide production did not change in either GF or CV neutrophils, but the myeloperoxidase activity of neutrophils in both types of rats decreased.	Superoxides	101-111	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	25-62
1964761-0	1990	Differential inhibition by nedocromil sodium of superoxide generation elicited by platelet activating factor in human neutrophils.	Superoxides	48-58	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	82-108
1964761-1	1990	Nedocromil sodium (10(-10) - 10(-9) M) produced a dose-related inhibition of superoxide anion generation induced by platelet activating factor (PAF) in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs).	Superoxides	77-93	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	116-142
1964761-1	1990	Nedocromil sodium (10(-10) - 10(-9) M) produced a dose-related inhibition of superoxide anion generation induced by platelet activating factor (PAF) in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs).	Superoxides	77-93	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	144-147
1964761-4	1990	The preferential inhibitory effects of nedocromil sodium on PAF-induced activation of superoxide generation may provide insight into the therapeutic action of this drug as an anti-asthmatic agent.	Superoxides	86-96	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	60-63
2240225-1	1990	The objective of this study was to assess whether superoxide and leukocyte adhesion glycoproteins (CD18) mediate the leukocyte adherence to mesenteric microvessels and increased intestinal microvascular permeability induced by platelet-activating factor (PAF).	Superoxides	50-60	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	227-253
2240225-1	1990	The objective of this study was to assess whether superoxide and leukocyte adhesion glycoproteins (CD18) mediate the leukocyte adherence to mesenteric microvessels and increased intestinal microvascular permeability induced by platelet-activating factor (PAF).	Superoxides	50-60	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	255-258
2240225-6	1990	Adherence of PAF-activated cat neutrophils to plastic was reduced only by MoAb IB4, suggesting that PAF-induced leukocyte adherence is mediated by both CD18 and superoxide and that endothelium is necessary for the superoxide-mediated adhesion.	Superoxides	161-171	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	13-16
2240225-6	1990	Adherence of PAF-activated cat neutrophils to plastic was reduced only by MoAb IB4, suggesting that PAF-induced leukocyte adherence is mediated by both CD18 and superoxide and that endothelium is necessary for the superoxide-mediated adhesion.	Superoxides	161-171	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	100-103
2240225-6	1990	Adherence of PAF-activated cat neutrophils to plastic was reduced only by MoAb IB4, suggesting that PAF-induced leukocyte adherence is mediated by both CD18 and superoxide and that endothelium is necessary for the superoxide-mediated adhesion.	Superoxides	214-224	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	13-16
2240225-6	1990	Adherence of PAF-activated cat neutrophils to plastic was reduced only by MoAb IB4, suggesting that PAF-induced leukocyte adherence is mediated by both CD18 and superoxide and that endothelium is necessary for the superoxide-mediated adhesion.	Superoxides	214-224	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	100-103
2240225-8	1990	These data indicate that the increased microvascular permeability induced by PAF can be attenuated when leukocyte adherence to microvascular endothelium is reduced using molecules that either bind to CD18 adhesive glycoproteins or scavenge superoxide.	Superoxides	240-250	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	77-80
15374469-1	1990	The radical scavenging activity of oxidized and reduced idebenone (ID-O and ID-H, respectively) against superoxide radical (O2(-*) was studied in vitro using two methods: (1) O2(-*) radicals were generated enzymatically in a hypoxanthine (HPX)-xanthine oxidase (XOD) system and detected by 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) spin trapping.	Superoxides	104-122	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	67-71
15374469-1	1990	The radical scavenging activity of oxidized and reduced idebenone (ID-O and ID-H, respectively) against superoxide radical (O2(-*) was studied in vitro using two methods: (1) O2(-*) radicals were generated enzymatically in a hypoxanthine (HPX)-xanthine oxidase (XOD) system and detected by 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) spin trapping.	Superoxides	104-122	isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 1	Homo sapiens	76-80
15374469-3	1990	ID-O reacted about 12-fold quicker (k = 4.48 x 10(4) M(-1)s(-1)) with the O2(-*) radicals than ID-H (k = 3.62 x 10(3) M(-1)s(-1)) x (2) O2(-*) radicals were generated chemically in potassium superoxide (KO2)-crown ether system.	Superoxides	74-76	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
15374469-3	1990	ID-O reacted about 12-fold quicker (k = 4.48 x 10(4) M(-1)s(-1)) with the O2(-*) radicals than ID-H (k = 3.62 x 10(3) M(-1)s(-1)) x (2) O2(-*) radicals were generated chemically in potassium superoxide (KO2)-crown ether system.	Superoxides	136-138	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
15374469-6	1990	These experiments also revealed that ID-O possesses an O2(-*) radical scavenging activity, whereas ID-H reacts quantitatively much slower.	Superoxides	55-57	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	37-41
2282081-5	1990	CP inhibits the reaction of superoxide radicals generation as a result of Cu interaction with -SH groups of RBC membrane; the effect is more pronounced than the effect of catalase or superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	28-38	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	0-2
2282081-7	1990	Apparently CP reception on RBC leads not only to membrane protection from superoxide and hydroxyl radicals but represents a more complex process.	Superoxides	74-84	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	11-13
2174565-2	1990	Both PG12 and EDRF are readily degraded by free radicals, especially superoxide anion.	Superoxides	69-85	alpha hemoglobin stabilizing protein	Homo sapiens	14-18
2165948-0	1990	Interferon-gamma-induced priming for secretion of superoxide anion and tumor necrosis factor-alpha declines in macrophages from aged rats.	Superoxides	50-66	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	0-16
2168472-5	1990	Following intratracheal instillation of 15, 75, or 150 mg of Poly-I:C, we observed a dose-dependent increase in Fc receptor-mediated phagocytosis, a dose-independent tumoricidal activity directed against xenogeneic P815 murine mastocytoma target cells, and a dose-independent decrease in superoxide anion (O2-) generation.	Superoxides	288-304	Fc receptor	Mus musculus	112-123
2168472-5	1990	Following intratracheal instillation of 15, 75, or 150 mg of Poly-I:C, we observed a dose-dependent increase in Fc receptor-mediated phagocytosis, a dose-independent tumoricidal activity directed against xenogeneic P815 murine mastocytoma target cells, and a dose-independent decrease in superoxide anion (O2-) generation.	Superoxides	306-308	Fc receptor	Mus musculus	112-123
2336792-4	1990	Superoxide production following stimulation with PMA, A23187, PAF, ConA and opsonized zymosan (ZC), was 20-50% less, compared to bovine and human neutrophils.	Superoxides	0-10	CONA	Bos taurus	67-71
2153171-12	1990	production by M phi previously treated with rIFN-gamma whereas rIFN-gamma partially augmented O2-.	Superoxides	94-96	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	63-73
2153171-14	1990	Because IL-4 has been reported to inhibit IL-1 production, add-back experiments were performed; addition of IL-1 only partly reconstituted O2-.	Superoxides	139-141	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	108-112
1965272-2	1990	The detection of superoxide anion in the CNS is based on the 380 nm chemiluminescence of 2-methyl-6-phenyl-3,7-dihydroimidazo [1,2-alpyrazin-3-one(CLA-phenyl)] upon reaction with superoxide in the frozen tissue section.	Superoxides	17-33	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	147-150
1965272-2	1990	The detection of superoxide anion in the CNS is based on the 380 nm chemiluminescence of 2-methyl-6-phenyl-3,7-dihydroimidazo [1,2-alpyrazin-3-one(CLA-phenyl)] upon reaction with superoxide in the frozen tissue section.	Superoxides	17-27	selectin P ligand	Homo sapiens	147-150
2082835-3	1990	The thioredoxin reductase/thioredoxin system has been shown to reduce superoxide anion radicals through hydrogen peroxide to water.	Superoxides	70-95	peroxiredoxin 5	Homo sapiens	4-25
2082835-3	1990	The thioredoxin reductase/thioredoxin system has been shown to reduce superoxide anion radicals through hydrogen peroxide to water.	Superoxides	70-95	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	4-15
2153021-8	1990	The data suggest that alterations in the assembly and function of the NADPH oxidase may contribute to enhanced superoxide secretion by wound neutrophils.	Superoxides	111-121	NADPH oxidase 1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	70-83
2386536-6	1990	Our findings indicate that: 1) The significant increase in GST activity suggests their induction aimed at counteracting the oxidant stress induced during exercise; 2) The significant increase in xanthine oxidase and SOD activities indicates the generation of more superoxide anion radicals and their removal, respectively.	Superoxides	264-289	hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase	Rattus norvegicus	59-62
2113027-2	1990	NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase gave a dynamic equilibrium of oxidation-reduction of cytochrome b5 in the presence of menadione (MK), the level of which depended on the concentration of O2 and superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	187-189	cytochrome b5 type A	Homo sapiens	86-99
1966810-0	1990	Tumor necrosis factor alpha "primes" the platelet-activating factor-induced superoxide production by human neutrophils: possible involvement of G proteins.	Superoxides	76-86	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	41-67
1966810-2	1990	We were interested to ascertain whether superoxide generation by human PMN could be amplified by PAF following initial stimulation with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and the effect of cholera and pertussis toxin on this process.	Superoxides	40-50	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	97-100
1966810-3	1990	PAF alone (0.1 pM-0.1 nM) failed to evoke any superoxide production; however, when PAF was added for 10 min to cells previously incubated for 50 min with 10 ng/ml TNF, superoxide production was significantly enhanced relative to that induced by TNF alone.	Superoxides	168-178	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	83-86
1966810-5	1990	The PAF antagonists also decreased by 25% the superoxide production elicited solely by TNF, indicating that TNF-induced superoxide generation is partially mediated by a mechanism involving endogenous PAF.	Superoxides	46-56	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	4-7
1966810-5	1990	The PAF antagonists also decreased by 25% the superoxide production elicited solely by TNF, indicating that TNF-induced superoxide generation is partially mediated by a mechanism involving endogenous PAF.	Superoxides	120-130	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	4-7
1966810-5	1990	The PAF antagonists also decreased by 25% the superoxide production elicited solely by TNF, indicating that TNF-induced superoxide generation is partially mediated by a mechanism involving endogenous PAF.	Superoxides	120-130	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	200-203
1966810-6	1990	Pretreatment of the PMN with pertussis or cholera toxin reduced the amplification of superoxide production induced by PAF in TNF-stimulated PMN, implicating pertussis and cholera toxin-sensitive G-proteins in the amplification process.	Superoxides	85-95	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	118-121
1966814-3	1990	Although a relatively weak direct oxidative agonist, PAF markedly enhances O2- release evoked by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and the chemotactic peptide N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP), increasing the maximal rate of O2- production by a calcium-dependent mechanism.	Superoxides	236-238	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	53-56
2167520-3	1990	When T-2 toxin was administered to mice at sublethal doses (0.50-1.00 mg/kg/24 hr), the levels of lysosomal and cytoplasmic enzyme activity and the generation of superoxide anion were significantly enhanced as compared to controls.	Superoxides	162-178	brachyury 2	Mus musculus	5-8
34826531-6	2022	Meanwhile, Au NS exhibited enhanced ROS scavenging efficiency of hydrogen peroxides and superoxide, which was helpful to restrain the activity of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors beta (PPARbeta) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), thereby reducing HSCs proliferation to enhance HSCs inactivation efficacy.	Superoxides	88-98	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	197-205
34883403-11	2021	ROCK1 overexpression promoted NOX1 and NOX2 expressions, superoxide and H2O2 production, VSMCs migration and proliferation in both WKY and SHR, which were attenuated by RND3 overexpression.	Superoxides	57-67	Rho family GTPase 3	Rattus norvegicus	169-173
34883403-13	2021	These results indicate that RND3 attenuates VSMCs migration and proliferation, hypertension and vascular remodeling in SHR via inhibiting ROCK1-NOX1/2 and mitochondria superoxide signaling.	Superoxides	168-178	Rho family GTPase 3	Rattus norvegicus	28-32
34438314-7	2021	In addition, BG1 and BG3 reduced in vivo the lipid peroxidation, increased the nitric oxide, especially at 14 days and improved superoxide dismutase activity, mainly in BG1 treated animals.	Superoxides	128-138	acyl-CoA synthetase bubblegum family member 1	Homo sapiens	13-16
34438314-7	2021	In addition, BG1 and BG3 reduced in vivo the lipid peroxidation, increased the nitric oxide, especially at 14 days and improved superoxide dismutase activity, mainly in BG1 treated animals.	Superoxides	128-138	acyl-CoA synthetase bubblegum family member 1	Homo sapiens	169-172
34786709-7	2022	The sickling effect of IL-1beta-treated platelet supernatant was inhibited by a transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) neutralising antibody, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase inhibition, and superoxide scavengers, but replicated by recombinant TGF-beta.	Superoxides	222-232	interleukin 1 alpha	Mus musculus	23-31
34801863-3	2021	Here, we demonstrate that moderate mitochondrial superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production oxidates KEAP1, thus breaking the interaction between this protein and PGAM5, leading to the inhibition of its proteasomal degradation.	Superoxides	49-59	PGAM family member 5, mitochondrial serine/threonine protein phosphatase	Homo sapiens	164-169
34801863-7	2021	Together, our results show that KEAP1/PGAM5 complex senses mitochondrially generated superoxide/hydrogen peroxide to induce mitophagy.	Superoxides	85-95	PGAM family member 5, mitochondrial serine/threonine protein phosphatase	Homo sapiens	38-43
34446191-5	2021	In addition, the activities of all major antioxidant enzymes (catalase, thioredoxin reductase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase) except superoxide dismutase were decreased.	Superoxides	156-166	hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase	Rattus norvegicus	122-147
34539384-7	2021	The subsequent experiment suggested that inhibition of PDE4D in the prefrontal cortex rescued the long-term potentiation (LTP) and synaptic proteins" expression; it also increased antioxidant response by increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) and decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels.	Superoxides	215-225	phosphodiesterase 4D, cAMP specific	Mus musculus	55-60
34139309-0	2021	Nitric Oxide and heme-NO stimulate superoxide production by NADPH Oxidase 5.	Superoxides	35-45	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	60-75
34139309-3	2021	We studied the effect of NO and heme-NO on the transmembrane signaling enzyme NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5), a heme protein which produces superoxide in response to increases in intracellular calcium.	Superoxides	132-142	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	78-93
34139309-3	2021	We studied the effect of NO and heme-NO on the transmembrane signaling enzyme NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5), a heme protein which produces superoxide in response to increases in intracellular calcium.	Superoxides	132-142	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	95-99
34156590-7	2021	Resistin decreased ROS levels and superoxide dismutase activity and increased glutathione reductase and catalase activities in PBMC from controls but not from patients.	Superoxides	34-44	resistin	Homo sapiens	0-8
35238389-7	2022	We demonstrated that the deregulation in hydrogen peroxide and superoxide homeostasis, but not of singlet oxygen, was partially due to SA accumulation in siz1.	Superoxides	63-73	DNA-binding protein with MIZ/SP-RING zinc finger, PHD-finger and SAP domain-containing protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	154-158
35321825-8	2022	M2-Exo treatment also suppressed reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde production and improved the reduction of superoxide dismutase activity.	Superoxides	118-128	5'-3' exoribonuclease 1	Mus musculus	3-6
35609009-3	2022	CGA antioxidant effects mediated through the Nrf2-heme oxygenase-1 signaling pathway were shown to enhance the levels of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione-S-transferases, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase as well as glutathione content.	Superoxides	149-159	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	50-66
35222798-6	2022	Moreover, VEGFR-3 knockdown significantly inhibited cardiac lymphangiogenesis in mice, resulting in exacerbation of tissue edema, hypertrophy, fibrosis superoxide production, inflammation, and heart failure (HF).	Superoxides	152-162	FMS-like tyrosine kinase 4	Mus musculus	10-17
35174211-8	2021	Increased superoxide formation in the brain was mirrored by a downregulation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (Nos3) and transcription factor Foxo3 genes, whereas Vcam1 mRNA, a marker for inflammation was upregulated in all noise exposure groups.	Superoxides	10-20	nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell	Mus musculus	112-116
35079639-1	2022	Superoxide generated by NADPH Oxidase 5 (Nox5) is regulated by Ca2+ through the interaction of its self-contained Ca2+ binding domain and dehydrogenase domain (DH).	Superoxides	0-10	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	24-39
35079639-1	2022	Superoxide generated by NADPH Oxidase 5 (Nox5) is regulated by Ca2+ through the interaction of its self-contained Ca2+ binding domain and dehydrogenase domain (DH).	Superoxides	0-10	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	41-45
35079639-9	2022	Our result suggests that the oligomeric states of Nox5, mediated by its DH domain and CaM, may be important for its superoxide-generating activity.	Superoxides	116-126	NADPH oxidase 5	Homo sapiens	50-54
35069974-9	2022	Results: Mitochondrial superoxide production without AA was increased 32% and decreased 53% after 5 and 10 muM EPI treatment vs. CTRL (P < 0.001).	Superoxides	23-33	chymotrypsin like	Homo sapiens	129-133
2556346-0	1989	Fc receptor density, MHC antigen expression and superoxide production are increased in interferon-gamma-treated microglia isolated from adult rat brain.	Superoxides	48-58	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	87-103
2556346-1	1989	Treatment of microglia isolated from adult rat brain with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) at a concentration of 1 U/ml resulted in enhanced expression of Fc receptors and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens and increased production of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	244-261	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	58-74
2556346-1	1989	Treatment of microglia isolated from adult rat brain with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) at a concentration of 1 U/ml resulted in enhanced expression of Fc receptors and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens and increased production of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	244-261	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	76-85
2553814-1	1989	Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is a flavin-dependent enzyme which uses superoxide anion as a cosubstrate to catalyze the decyclization of the pyrrole ring of L-tryptophan to form formylkynurenine.	Superoxides	74-90	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	0-27
2553814-1	1989	Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is a flavin-dependent enzyme which uses superoxide anion as a cosubstrate to catalyze the decyclization of the pyrrole ring of L-tryptophan to form formylkynurenine.	Superoxides	74-90	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	29-32
2551966-5	1989	Stimulatory receptor moieties were formed by cross-linking Fc gamma RI with receptor-specific mAb that are known to trigger superoxide anion release.	Superoxides	124-140	Fc gamma receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	59-70
2552811-0	1989	Ceruloplasmin reduces the adhesion and scavenges superoxide during the interaction of activated polymorphonuclear leukocytes with endothelial cells.	Superoxides	49-59	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	0-13
2552811-8	1989	The data show that ceruloplasmin reduced, in a dose dependent manner, the levels of superoxide produced by the activated PMNs, further supporting ceruloplasmin"s previously reported role as a scavenger of superoxide.	Superoxides	84-94	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	19-32
2552811-8	1989	The data show that ceruloplasmin reduced, in a dose dependent manner, the levels of superoxide produced by the activated PMNs, further supporting ceruloplasmin"s previously reported role as a scavenger of superoxide.	Superoxides	84-94	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	146-159
2552811-8	1989	The data show that ceruloplasmin reduced, in a dose dependent manner, the levels of superoxide produced by the activated PMNs, further supporting ceruloplasmin"s previously reported role as a scavenger of superoxide.	Superoxides	205-215	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	19-32
2552811-8	1989	The data show that ceruloplasmin reduced, in a dose dependent manner, the levels of superoxide produced by the activated PMNs, further supporting ceruloplasmin"s previously reported role as a scavenger of superoxide.	Superoxides	205-215	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	146-159
2552811-9	1989	Ceruloplasmin also reduced the levels of superoxide when activated PMNs were in contact with endothelial cells.	Superoxides	41-51	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	0-13
2553603-5	1989	The addition of C1q molecules to the cells in suspension enhanced superoxide generation by vascular smooth muscle cells.	Superoxides	66-76	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	16-19
2553603-7	1989	These results suggest that C1q binds on the membrane of vascular smooth muscle cells via its specific receptor that mediates immune complex binding to the cells and superoxide generation.	Superoxides	165-175	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	27-30
2547873-2	1989	This study examined the ability of four neutral proteases: cathepsin G, elastase, chymotrypsin, and trypsin, to modify PMN superoxide response to FMLP, PMA, and arachidonate.	Superoxides	123-133	cathepsin G	Homo sapiens	59-80
2547873-3	1989	In response to 1 microM FMLP, PMN treated with cathepsin G, chymotrypsin, or elastase showed 64%, 60%, and 32% increases, respectively, in superoxide generation when compared with control, untreated cells (p less than 0.05 for each).	Superoxides	139-149	cathepsin G	Homo sapiens	47-58
2547873-5	1989	Enhancement of superoxide response was not stimulus specific; in response to 10 ng/ml PMA, cells treated with cathepsin G showed a 84%, and elastase a 57%, increase in superoxide generation (p less than 0.05 for both) with a marked reduction in the time required for onset of this response.	Superoxides	15-25	cathepsin G	Homo sapiens	110-121
2547873-5	1989	Enhancement of superoxide response was not stimulus specific; in response to 10 ng/ml PMA, cells treated with cathepsin G showed a 84%, and elastase a 57%, increase in superoxide generation (p less than 0.05 for both) with a marked reduction in the time required for onset of this response.	Superoxides	168-178	cathepsin G	Homo sapiens	110-121
2547782-2	1989	Cross-linking of the high affinity Fc receptor for human immunoglobulin G1 (Fc gamma RI) on U937 cells triggered superoxide anion (O-2) release.	Superoxides	113-129	Fc gamma receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	76-87
2547782-2	1989	Cross-linking of the high affinity Fc receptor for human immunoglobulin G1 (Fc gamma RI) on U937 cells triggered superoxide anion (O-2) release.	Superoxides	131-134	Fc gamma receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	76-87
2547782-10	1989	Thus, continuous O2- production appeared to be dependent upon continuous de novo formation of cross-linked and activated Fc gamma RI.	Superoxides	17-19	Fc gamma receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	121-132
2547782-11	1989	Furthermore, the mol of O2- released in response to Fc gamma RI cross-linking by the multivalent ligand mAb 197 were directly proportional to the mol of mAb bound over a range of saturating and subsaturating concentrations.	Superoxides	24-26	Fc gamma receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	52-63
2547782-15	1989	Dissociation of Fc gamma RI from its cytoskeletal attachment occurred well after cessation of O2- production.	Superoxides	94-96	Fc gamma receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	16-27
2547784-2	1989	GM-CSF enhances the production of superoxide anion (O2-) by mature neutrophils in response to chemotactic peptides such as formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP), but alone it has no effect on this system.	Superoxides	34-50	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-6
2547784-2	1989	GM-CSF enhances the production of superoxide anion (O2-) by mature neutrophils in response to chemotactic peptides such as formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP), but alone it has no effect on this system.	Superoxides	52-54	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-6
2545809-0	1989	Effect of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on superoxide production in cytoplasts and intact human neutrophils: role of protein kinase and G-proteins.	Superoxides	62-72	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	10-58
2545809-1	1989	Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, GM-CSF, potentiates superoxide generation produced by human neutrophils stimulated with fMet-Leu-Phe and platelet-activating factor, PAF, but not by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) or opsonized zymosan.	Superoxides	70-80	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-48
2545809-1	1989	Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, GM-CSF, potentiates superoxide generation produced by human neutrophils stimulated with fMet-Leu-Phe and platelet-activating factor, PAF, but not by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) or opsonized zymosan.	Superoxides	70-80	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	50-56
2545495-5	1989	EDRF is rapidly inactivated by hemoglobin and superoxide.	Superoxides	46-56	alpha hemoglobin stabilizing protein	Homo sapiens	0-4
2535839-5	1989	However, the extent of the superoxide scavenging of CP did not quantitatively account for its effects on iron release, suggesting that CP inhibits superoxide-dependent mobilization of ferritin iron independently of its ability to scavenge superoxide.	Superoxides	147-157	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	135-137
2535839-5	1989	However, the extent of the superoxide scavenging of CP did not quantitatively account for its effects on iron release, suggesting that CP inhibits superoxide-dependent mobilization of ferritin iron independently of its ability to scavenge superoxide.	Superoxides	147-157	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	135-137
2535839-10	1989	These data suggest that CP inhibits superoxide and ferritin-dependent lipid peroxidation largely via its ability to reincorporate reductively mobilized iron back into ferritin.	Superoxides	36-46	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	24-26
2719988-1	1989	Unable to oxidize orcinol (3,5-dihydroxytoluene) under conventional conditions, ceruloplasmin (Cp) catalyzes its oxidation when superoxide radicals are injected into the solution with the aid of a high-voltage generator.	Superoxides	128-138	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	80-93
2553551-4	1989	To test this hypothesis, FABP was examined for scavenging against free radicals such as the superoxide anion (O2-), hydroxyl radical (OH.)	Superoxides	92-108	glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 2	Homo sapiens	25-29
2553551-4	1989	To test this hypothesis, FABP was examined for scavenging against free radicals such as the superoxide anion (O2-), hydroxyl radical (OH.)	Superoxides	110-112	glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 2	Homo sapiens	25-29
2553551-9	1989	as indicated by the FABP inhibition of O2- -dependent reduction of cytochrome c, OH.-dependent hydroxybenzoic acid formation and OCl.-mediated chemiluminescence response.	Superoxides	39-41	glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 2	Homo sapiens	20-24
3207972-19	1988	In conclusion, these data show that PLA2 (an enzyme involved in the synthesis of Paf-acether, prostaglandins, thromboxanes, leukotrienes, diacylglycerol, superoxide free radicals and lipid peroxides, etc.)	Superoxides	154-164	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	36-40
2834072-1	1988	The lymphokine leukocyte inhibitory factor (LIF) has previously been documented to enhance several neutrophil (PMN) functions, including stimulated chemotaxis and superoxide generation, phagocytosis and adherence of opsonized targets, and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	163-173	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	15-42
2834072-1	1988	The lymphokine leukocyte inhibitory factor (LIF) has previously been documented to enhance several neutrophil (PMN) functions, including stimulated chemotaxis and superoxide generation, phagocytosis and adherence of opsonized targets, and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.	Superoxides	163-173	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	44-47
2834072-3	1988	LIF induced a dose-dependent increase in superoxide production generated by opsonized zymosan (up to 97.1 +/- 31.4% at 16 U LIF/ml; P less than 0.01).	Superoxides	41-51	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	0-3
2834072-3	1988	LIF induced a dose-dependent increase in superoxide production generated by opsonized zymosan (up to 97.1 +/- 31.4% at 16 U LIF/ml; P less than 0.01).	Superoxides	41-51	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	124-127
2841270-5	1988	Since Trp-P-2(NHOH) in solution generates superoxide anion accompanying its oxidative degradation, we conclude that the Trp-P-2(NHOH) treatment produces intracellular active oxygens that can damage DNA.	Superoxides	42-58	polycystin 2, transient receptor potential cation channel	Mus musculus	6-13
2841270-5	1988	Since Trp-P-2(NHOH) in solution generates superoxide anion accompanying its oxidative degradation, we conclude that the Trp-P-2(NHOH) treatment produces intracellular active oxygens that can damage DNA.	Superoxides	42-58	polycystin 2, transient receptor potential cation channel	Mus musculus	120-127
2451547-3	1988	PAF priming of responses including superoxide generation, elastase release, and aggregation is time dependent and is maximal within five minutes.	Superoxides	35-45	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
2838419-0	1988	Recombinant interleukin 1 alpha and beta prime human monocyte superoxide production but have no effect on chemotaxis and oxidative burst response of neutrophils.	Superoxides	62-72	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	12-31
2838419-5	1988	However, exposure of monocytes to recombinant IL 1 alpha or IL 1 beta resulted in enhanced generation of superoxide response following stimulation with PMA.	Superoxides	105-115	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	46-56
2825844-9	1988	These results suggest that PAF induces an increase in particulate protein kinase activity in neutrophils by a calcium-dependent mechanism and that the induction of membrane-associated protein kinase activity may be involved in neutrophil-stimulating actions such as superoxide production, which occur at higher concentrations of PAF.	Superoxides	266-276	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	27-30
2825844-9	1988	These results suggest that PAF induces an increase in particulate protein kinase activity in neutrophils by a calcium-dependent mechanism and that the induction of membrane-associated protein kinase activity may be involved in neutrophil-stimulating actions such as superoxide production, which occur at higher concentrations of PAF.	Superoxides	266-276	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	329-332
2856514-0	1988	Formation of reactive intermediates [ROOOOR] from the addition of superoxide ion (O2.-) to CCl4, CF3CCl3, PhCCl3, PhC(O)Cl, n-BuBr, and n-BuCl in acetonitrile.	Superoxides	66-76	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Homo sapiens	91-95
2856514-0	1988	Formation of reactive intermediates [ROOOOR] from the addition of superoxide ion (O2.-) to CCl4, CF3CCl3, PhCCl3, PhC(O)Cl, n-BuBr, and n-BuCl in acetonitrile.	Superoxides	82-84	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Homo sapiens	91-95
2851696-0	1988	Arachidonic acid release is closely related to the Fc gamma receptor-mediated superoxide generation in macrophages.	Superoxides	78-88	Fc gamma receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	51-68
3077558-4	1988	GM-CSF and G-CSF act on mature cells at the site of inflammation, increasing their functional capacity by concentration-dependent effects on chemotaxis, increased phagocytosis, enhanced superoxide production, and increased antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (Vadas et al., 1983a, b; Gasson et al., 1984; Weisbart et al., 1985).	Superoxides	186-196	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-6
3077558-4	1988	GM-CSF and G-CSF act on mature cells at the site of inflammation, increasing their functional capacity by concentration-dependent effects on chemotaxis, increased phagocytosis, enhanced superoxide production, and increased antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (Vadas et al., 1983a, b; Gasson et al., 1984; Weisbart et al., 1985).	Superoxides	186-196	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	11-16
2824612-6	1987	Superoxide production in response to phorbol myristic acetate was maintained in CSF-1 cultured monocytes, but declined with time in monocytes cultured in serum.	Superoxides	0-10	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	80-85
2820532-1	1987	We compared the ability of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (rHuTNF-alpha) and tumor necrosis factor-beta (rHuTNF-beta) to stimulate polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) migration and superoxide production.	Superoxides	195-205	lymphotoxin alpha	Rattus norvegicus	74-118
3034272-0	1987	Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor enhances superoxide release in human granulocytes stimulated by the chemotactic peptide.	Superoxides	65-75	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	18-55
3021817-3	1986	In addition, rH GM-CSF enhanced N-formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine(FMLP)-stimulated degranulation of Cytochalasin B pretreated neutrophils and FMLP-stimulated superoxide production.	Superoxides	161-171	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	16-22
3021865-2	1986	Incubating the monocytes with rIFN-gamma resulted in increased basal production of superoxide anion, as well as a significantly enhanced respiratory burst in response to concanavalin A (Con A).	Superoxides	83-99	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	30-40
3018081-3	1986	Similarly, LIF did not directly induce the respiratory burst, but potentiated both superoxide generation (151.6% +/- 77) and hydrogen peroxide production (54.9% +/- 15.5) in the presence of f-met-leu-phe (10(-7) M).	Superoxides	83-93	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	11-14
3018081-9	1986	LIF was also found to have a more generalized effect on the transduction of neutrophil activation stimuli, mediating a 35.8% increase in superoxide production after exposure to calcium ionophore.	Superoxides	137-147	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	0-3
3017933-4	1986	Under aerobic conditions the rapid oxidation of NADPH catalyzed by alkylated cytochrome P-450c was associated with rapid reduction of molecular oxygen to hydrogen peroxide via superoxide anion.	Superoxides	176-192	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	77-94
3017933-5	1986	The intermediacy of superoxide anion, formed by the one-electron reduction of molecular oxygen, established that alkylation of cytochrome P-450c with BrNAP uncouples the catalytic cycle prior to introduction of the second electron.	Superoxides	20-36	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	127-144
3017933-6	1986	The generation of superoxide anion by decomposition of the Fe2+ X O2 complex was consistent with the observations that, in contrast to native cytochrome P-450c, alkylated cytochrome P-450c failed to form a 430 nm absorbing chromophore during the metabolism of 7-ethoxycoumarin.	Superoxides	18-34	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	142-159
3017933-6	1986	The generation of superoxide anion by decomposition of the Fe2+ X O2 complex was consistent with the observations that, in contrast to native cytochrome P-450c, alkylated cytochrome P-450c failed to form a 430 nm absorbing chromophore during the metabolism of 7-ethoxycoumarin.	Superoxides	18-34	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	171-188
3034998-6	1986	Ceruloplasmin, freed from contaminating superoxide dismutase, was found to catalytically dismute the superoxide anion radical with a rate constant of about 1.0 X 10(4) M-1 s-1 per copper atom.	Superoxides	101-125	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	0-13
3034998-7	1986	Under physiological conditions with a low rate of superoxide production, ceruloplasmin preferentially reacts stoichiometrically with the superoxide radical with a rate constant of about 2 X 10(5) M-1 s-1 per copper atom.	Superoxides	50-60	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	73-86
3034998-7	1986	Under physiological conditions with a low rate of superoxide production, ceruloplasmin preferentially reacts stoichiometrically with the superoxide radical with a rate constant of about 2 X 10(5) M-1 s-1 per copper atom.	Superoxides	137-155	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	73-86
3034998-9	1986	From the kinetic data obtained it was calculated that in normal human plasma, extracellular-superoxide dismutase will scavenge about twice as much superoxide as ceruloplasmin.	Superoxides	92-102	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	161-174
6194826-0	1983	Alpha 2-macroglobulin "fast" forms inhibit superoxide production by activated macrophages.	Superoxides	43-53	alpha-2-macroglobulin	Homo sapiens	0-21
6301584-8	1983	CSF-alpha stimulated superoxide production of resting eosinophils (from 0.03 +/- 0.03 to 0.47 +/- 0.08 nmole cytochrome-c reduced/10(5) eosinophils) and of eosinophils incubated with preopsonized zymosan (from 0.15 +/- 0.06 to 0.73 +/- 0.07).	Superoxides	21-31	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
6605834-4	1983	Based on estimates of superoxide anion production there appears to be excess SOD protection in the rainbow trout retina, which could, at least in part, account for its resistance to oxygen toxicity.	Superoxides	22-38	Superoxide dismutase	Oncorhynchus mykiss	77-80
6284006-3	1982	We have found that the action of cytoplasmic SOD to scavenge superoxide and thereby to inhibit superoxide-mediated reactions can be mimicked by the copper-containing plasma protein and acute-phase reactant, ceruloplasmin.	Superoxides	61-71	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	207-220
6284006-3	1982	We have found that the action of cytoplasmic SOD to scavenge superoxide and thereby to inhibit superoxide-mediated reactions can be mimicked by the copper-containing plasma protein and acute-phase reactant, ceruloplasmin.	Superoxides	95-105	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	207-220
6284006-4	1982	Ceruloplasmin, at concentrations present in normal plasma, inhibited reduction of both cytochrome c and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) mediated by the aerobic action of xanthine oxidase on hypoxanthine (a superoxide-generating system).	Superoxides	202-212	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	0-13
6248123-1	1980	The superoxide free radical has been spin trapped in microsomal incubations containing adriamycin, daunorubicin, and mitomycin C.	Superoxides	4-14	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	37-41
6248123-2	1980	The time sequence of the appearance of the spin-trapped superoxide and the semiquinone radical metabolite of these quinone-containing anticancer drugs indicates that air oxidation of the semiquinone is responsible for the superoxide formation.	Superoxides	56-66	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	43-47
6248123-2	1980	The time sequence of the appearance of the spin-trapped superoxide and the semiquinone radical metabolite of these quinone-containing anticancer drugs indicates that air oxidation of the semiquinone is responsible for the superoxide formation.	Superoxides	222-232	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	43-47
6248123-3	1980	Superoxide dismutase prevents the formation of the superoxide spin adducts.	Superoxides	51-61	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	62-66
6244786-0	1980	Spin trapping of superoxide and hydroxyl radical: practical aspects.	Superoxides	17-27	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
6928666-1	1980	The intravenous administration of superoxide dismutase (superoxide:superoxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.15.1.1) to animals with induced inflammation suppresses the inflammatory response and inhibits leukocyte infiltration into the challenged site, suggesting that neutrophil-generated superoxide reacts with an extracellular precursor to generate a substance chemotactic for neutrophils.	Superoxides	34-44	thioredoxin reductase 1	Homo sapiens	78-92
6261531-2	1980	Subnanomolar levels of superoxide levels of superoxide dismutase or of catalase prevented this attack on DNA, signifying that both O2- and H2O2 were required.	Superoxides	23-33	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	131-143
6291560-2	1980	The superoxide anion (O-2) was generated in vitro using the xanthine oxidase-hypoxanthine system.	Superoxides	4-20	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	22-25
119581-5	1979	Lipoxygenase-catalyzed oxidation of furan (IV), which is inhibited by hydroquinone, is explained by a mechanism involving lipoxygenase-superoxide complex and furan-radical intermediates.	Superoxides	135-145	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	0-12
119581-5	1979	Lipoxygenase-catalyzed oxidation of furan (IV), which is inhibited by hydroquinone, is explained by a mechanism involving lipoxygenase-superoxide complex and furan-radical intermediates.	Superoxides	135-145	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	122-134
229403-0	1979	Spin trapping of superoxide.	Superoxides	17-27	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
226386-1	1979	The higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels found in human blood cells when Nitro Blue Tetrazolium (NBT) rather than Cytochrome C was used as the colorimetric detector of superoxide (O-2) was investigated.	Superoxides	11-21	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	184-187
222348-1	1979	The effects of tetravalent conconavalin A and its succinylated derivative on the intracellular production of superoxide anion (O-2) and its release into cell exterior of peritoneal macrophages were observed.	Superoxides	109-125	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	127-130
219125-4	1979	LDC and TRC in a dose-dependent fashion rapidly inhibited oxygen consumption and superoxide anion (O-2.)	Superoxides	81-97	tRNA-Cys (GCA) 24-1	Homo sapiens	8-11
215336-0	1978	Effect of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole on catalase and formation of methemoglobin from oxyhemoglobin in erythrocyte by superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	113-123	hemoglobin subunit gamma 2	Homo sapiens	62-75
207453-0	1978	Involvement of superoxide radicals in the formation of methemoglobin from oxyhemoglobin: inhibition of superoxide dismutase by diethyldithiocarbamate.	Superoxides	15-25	hemoglobin subunit gamma 2	Homo sapiens	55-68
23176-1	1978	Acetylated ferricytochrome c was employed for the detection of superoxide radicals (O-2) generated both in intact cells and in subcellular fractions of leukocytes.	Superoxides	63-82	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	84-87
203409-3	1977	Superoxide radical anion (O-2) failed to react with cholesterol under a variety of conditions.	Superoxides	0-24	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	26-29
182230-4	1976	The superoxide anion appears to be the source of hydrogen peroxide which accounts for most of the observed methemoglobin formation when hemoglobin is reacted with menadione.	Superoxides	4-20	hemoglobin subunit gamma 2	Homo sapiens	107-120
5452-1	1976	The mechanism by which superoxide anion is generated by the interaction of phenylhydrazine with either oxy- or methemoglobin was investigated.	Superoxides	23-39	hemoglobin subunit gamma 2	Homo sapiens	111-124
804030-4	1975	In the guinea pig, polymorphonuclear leukocytes and casein-elicited macrophages were shown to release superoxide during phagocytosis whereas alveolar macrophages did not.	Superoxides	102-112	alpha-S2-casein	Cavia porcellus	52-58
4693487-0	1973	Experimental determination of the redox potential of the superoxide radical O 2 .	Superoxides	57-75	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	76-79
5167018-0	1971	The role of superoxide and hydroperoxide in the reductive activation of tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase.	Superoxides	12-22	tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase	Homo sapiens	72-98
33714113-8	2021	Besides, ANF could inhibit oxidative stress by reducing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the hippocampus, while elevating amounts of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione (GSH) in the serum of rats.	Superoxides	179-189	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	9-12
33864955-5	2021	As significant superoxide sources the mitochondria and the NADPH oxidase isoform NOX-4 and the NOX-2 regulating cytosolic subunit p67phox have been identified.	Superoxides	15-25	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	95-100
33040403-0	2021	Functional selective FPR1 signaling in favor of an activation of the neutrophil superoxide generating NOX2 complex.	Superoxides	80-90	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	102-106
34050627-4	2021	The Lf-Au-Bi2 Se3 NDs can also serve as multiple enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and peroxide.	Superoxides	65-75	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-132	Mus musculus	10-13
33849947-0	2021	Nox3-derived superoxide in cochleae induces sensorineural hearing loss Mechanisms of Nox3-dependent hearing loss.	Superoxides	13-23	NADPH oxidase 3	Mus musculus	0-4
33849947-0	2021	Nox3-derived superoxide in cochleae induces sensorineural hearing loss Mechanisms of Nox3-dependent hearing loss.	Superoxides	13-23	NADPH oxidase 3	Mus musculus	85-89
33997926-11	2021	In addition, deficiency of miR-467a-5p improved MI in mice by increasing the contents of lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase and malondialdehyde and reducing the activity of superoxide dismutase in serum.	Superoxides	177-187	microRNA 467a-1	Mus musculus	27-35
34025367-7	2021	Furthermore, Anti-Acrp30 mitigated the inhibitory effect of NaHS on CRS-induced oxidative stress as illustrated by the up-regulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the down-regulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione (GSH) level in the hippocampus.	Superoxides	193-203	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Rattus norvegicus	18-24
33662439-2	2021	The present study investigated the antioxidant cytochrome c-like activities of Mn(III)TMPyP [meso-tetrakis (4-N-methyl pyridinium) porphyrin] against superoxide ion and hydrogen peroxide that remained unexplored for this porphyrin.	Superoxides	150-160	cytochrome c-like	Rattus norvegicus	47-64
33388549-4	2021	Here, we identified that Wnt3A promoted superoxide generation, leading to Tyr42 phosphorylation of RhoA through activations of c-Src and Rho-dependent coiled coil kinase 2 (ROCK2) and phosphorylation of p47phox, a component of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	40-50	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	203-210
32977740-14	2021	Cav-1determines the cellular glucose supply through Glut-4 and regulates the activity of NOX-2 generating superoxide anions, and that of eNOS generating NO.	Superoxides	106-123	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	89-94
33471265-9	2021	Furthermore, HBO treatment significantly increased the expression of Claudin-1 and E-cadherin, inhibited intestinal tissue oxidative stress as demonstrated by upregulation of superoxide dismutase and glutathione, and HBO downregulated malondialdehyde.	Superoxides	175-185	claudin 1	Rattus norvegicus	69-78
33098750-6	2021	In vitro, eCP demonstrated protective antioxidant capacity with enhanced superoxide dismutase expression and activity; a vasculogenic secretome driving angiogenic tube formation; and macrophage polarizing immunomodulatory properties.	Superoxides	73-83	eosinophil-associated, ribonuclease A family, member 2	Mus musculus	10-13
33360774-6	2021	Pretreatment with the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling inhibitors IWR-1-endo (IWR) and ICG-001 abolished aFGF-mediated attenuation of mitochondrial superoxide generation and endothelial protection.	Superoxides	142-152	catenin (cadherin associated protein), beta 1	Mus musculus	26-38
33483749-11	2021	TRANSLATIONAL PERSPECTIVE: Atrial NOX2-derived superoxide is an independent predictor of postoperative AF in humans and contributes to atrial oxidative stress early after AF induction.	Superoxides	47-57	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	34-38
33483749-13	2021	Here we show that overexpression of the human NOX2 gene in mice resulted in a 2-fold higher atrial superoxide production and a modest increase in AF susceptibility, independent of atrial electrical or structural remodelling.	Superoxides	99-109	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	46-50
33395684-4	2021	Methemoglobin in repeated hemorrhage produces large amounts of superoxide anion via the autoxidation of hemoglobin.	Superoxides	63-79	hemoglobin subunit gamma 2	Homo sapiens	0-13
33395684-13	2021	In conclusion, this review summarizes the following 2 points: superoxide anion generation by methemoglobin is enhanced in endometriosis, resulting in redox imbalance; and some compounds and natural substances that can suppress free radicals may be effective in endometriosis-related pain.	Superoxides	62-78	hemoglobin subunit gamma 2	Homo sapiens	93-106
33326777-7	2020	TRXL1 regulates NADP-MDH activity, leading to an increase in malate level and inhibition of superoxide radical formation.	Superoxides	92-102	thioredoxin like 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
33320250-18	2020	Selenium increased superoxide in mitochondria and nucleoli and increased selenoprotein H, a redox responsive DNA-binding protein that is upregulated by superoxide and an indicator of nucleolar stress.	Superoxides	152-162	selenoprotein H	Homo sapiens	73-88
33362579-6	2020	SiRNA knockdown of the pro-fission factor dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) restored mitochondrial size but did not affect HG toxicity, and Mdivi-1, a DRP1 inhibitor, even increased HG-induced cardiomyocyte injury, as shown by superoxide production, mitochondrial membrane potential and cell death.	Superoxides	226-236	dynamin 1-like	Rattus norvegicus	42-67
33229544-4	2020	Rotenone promoted mitochondrial-generated superoxide (MitoROS), which was exacerbated by ATP13A2 deficiency in SH-SY5Y cells and patient-derived fibroblasts, disturbing mitochondrial functionality and inducing toxicity and cell death.	Superoxides	42-52	ATPase cation transporting 13A2	Homo sapiens	89-96
33011272-3	2020	Activation of NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX-2) in neutrophils by stimulators of protein kinase C (PKC), such as phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), results in the rapid generation of superoxide at the expense of oxidation of NADPH to NADP+.	Superoxides	171-181	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	14-29
33011272-3	2020	Activation of NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX-2) in neutrophils by stimulators of protein kinase C (PKC), such as phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), results in the rapid generation of superoxide at the expense of oxidation of NADPH to NADP+.	Superoxides	171-181	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	31-36
33011272-3	2020	Activation of NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX-2) in neutrophils by stimulators of protein kinase C (PKC), such as phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), results in the rapid generation of superoxide at the expense of oxidation of NADPH to NADP+.	Superoxides	171-181	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	14-19
31690958-8	2020	NADPH oxidase-dependent O2- generation was elevated in renal cortex of the OX group and markedly enhanced in the HFD + OX rats, and associated to an up-regulation of Nox1 and a down-regulation of Nox4 expression.	Superoxides	24-26	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	166-170
31690958-8	2020	NADPH oxidase-dependent O2- generation was elevated in renal cortex of the OX group and markedly enhanced in the HFD + OX rats, and associated to an up-regulation of Nox1 and a down-regulation of Nox4 expression.	Superoxides	24-26	NADPH oxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	196-200
33114493-1	2020	BACKGROUND: The superoxide-generating enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX2 or gp91phox, the phagocytic isoform) was reported as a major source of oxidative stress in various human diseases.	Superoxides	16-26	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	106-110
33114493-1	2020	BACKGROUND: The superoxide-generating enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX2 or gp91phox, the phagocytic isoform) was reported as a major source of oxidative stress in various human diseases.	Superoxides	16-26	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	114-122
33059489-0	2020	Mechanistic Computational Modeling of the Kinetics and Regulation of NADPH Oxidase 2 Assembly and Activation Facilitating Superoxide Production.	Superoxides	122-132	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	69-84
31902083-8	2020	More specifically, APNp increased AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation-dependent Drp1 serine 637 (S637) phosphorylation, which inhibited the translocation of Drp1 to the mitochondrial membrane and reduced mitochondrial fragmentation and the production of mitochondrial superoxide, ultimately attenuating inflammatory brain injury induced by hemorrhage.	Superoxides	279-289	collapsin response mediator protein 1	Mus musculus	91-95
32978411-5	2020	Here, we demonstrate that CSE/H2S pathway sustain endothelial mitochondrial bioenergetics and loss of CSE increases the production of mitochondrial-specific superoxide.	Superoxides	157-167	cystathionine gamma-lyase	Homo sapiens	102-105
32554304-8	2020	We further demonstrated that RAD51 inhibition or depletion led to elevated production of mitochondrial superoxide and increased accumulation of mitochondria.	Superoxides	103-113	RAD51 recombinase	Homo sapiens	29-34
32791328-2	2020	By genetic screening, we found that NADPH oxidases (Nox and Duox) associated with superoxide anion (O -2) are responsible for caspase-3 activation and delamination.	Superoxides	82-98	Death executioner caspase related to Apopain/Yama	Drosophila melanogaster	126-135
32875124-1	2020	Superoxide dismutases, which catalytically remove intracellular superoxide radicals by the disproportionation of molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, are encoded by the sod-1 to -5 genes in the nematode C. elegans.	Superoxides	64-74	Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Caenorhabditis elegans	172-183
32401607-3	2020	Here we examine the therapeutic potential of Nox2 inhibition on superoxide generation in saphenous vein ECs (SVECs) from patients with advanced atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes and on vascular function, vascular damage, and lipid deposition in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice with EC-specific insulin resistance (ESMIRO).	Superoxides	64-74	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	45-49
32401607-6	2020	SVECs from diabetic patients had increased expression of Nox2 protein with concomitant increase in superoxide generation, which could be reduced by the Nox2 inhibitor gp91dstat.	Superoxides	99-109	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	57-61
32401607-6	2020	SVECs from diabetic patients had increased expression of Nox2 protein with concomitant increase in superoxide generation, which could be reduced by the Nox2 inhibitor gp91dstat.	Superoxides	99-109	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	152-156
32706196-4	2020	However, over-expression of circular ribonucleic acid 0001588 reduced reactive oxygen species production and malonaldehyde levels and increased superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and levels via activation signal pathway of silent information regulator 1/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 signaling pathway by miR-211-5p up-regulation in vitro.	Superoxides	144-154	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	298-314
31912425-3	2020	Thus, we presented an improved genetic circuit by introducing an artificial hybrid promoter PluxI-lacO combining PlacO originated from lactose promoter with QS regulatory promoter PluxI to control the expression of reporter gene rfp.	Superoxides	113-118	tripartite motif containing 27	Homo sapiens	229-232
31883161-9	2020	In the present study, exposure to Abeta was associated with oxidative stress, whereas levels of retinal glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase were significantly increased in BDNF-treated than in Abeta1-40-treated rats.	Superoxides	123-133	brain-derived neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	196-200
32014500-6	2020	The elevated levels of H2O2 (a biomarker of oxidative stress) and the free radicals (NO  and O2 -) reduced the concentration of dominant pathogens and regulated ROS/RNS/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mTOR pathway by affecting p-AMPK, Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1).	Superoxides	25-27	acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha	Homo sapiens	358-382
32014500-6	2020	The elevated levels of H2O2 (a biomarker of oxidative stress) and the free radicals (NO  and O2 -) reduced the concentration of dominant pathogens and regulated ROS/RNS/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mTOR pathway by affecting p-AMPK, Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1).	Superoxides	25-27	acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha	Homo sapiens	384-388
32343137-2	2020	Here, we report two different approaches for the preparation of heterometallic superoxide complexes [PhL2CrIII-eta1-O2][MX]2 (PhL = -OPh2SiOSiPh2O-, MX+ = [CoCl]+, [ZnBr]+, [ZnCl]+) starting from the CrII precursor complex [PhL2CrII]Li2(THF)4.	Superoxides	79-89	BCR activator of RhoGEF and GTPase	Homo sapiens	101-104
31910027-8	2020	With downregulation of miR-873 in GDM rats, the cardiac function was improved and the myocardial apoptosis was inhibited, coupled with elevated activity of superoxide dismutase, carbon monoxide synthase, and the nitric oxide content.	Superoxides	156-166	microRNA 873	Rattus norvegicus	23-30
31912910-7	2020	The increased reactive oxygen species production and decreased superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in H2 O2 -induced HCASMCs were reversed by GLA pretreatment.	Superoxides	63-73	galactosidase alpha	Homo sapiens	165-168
32202429-6	2020	The spatiotemporal analysis of reactive oxygen species suggests a NOX2-dependent peak in cytoplasmic superoxide anions/hydrogen peroxide generation 2 h after retinoic acid stimulation.	Superoxides	101-118	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	66-70
31864059-6	2020	The contribution of O2- to Tyr"s phototransformation process was the difference between the total contribution of O2- and 1O2 and the individual contribution of 1O2.	Superoxides	20-22	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	114-125
31749214-6	2020	Data showed that the oxidative damage resulted from radiation exposure, appeared by marked increments in the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the level and protein expression of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) with a noticeable decline in the level and expression of thioredoxin 1 (Trx-1) and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), as well as glutathione (GSH) level and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx).	Superoxides	387-397	thioredoxin interacting protein	Rattus norvegicus	212-217
31957540-9	2020	Loss-of-function analysis indicated FTSJ3, a 2"-O-Me methyltransferase, as a candidate RNMT with functional roles in promoting cancer growth and survival.	Superoxides	45-52	RNA guanine-7 methyltransferase	Homo sapiens	87-91
31973815-0	2020	P-Tyr42 RhoA GTPase amplifies superoxide formation through p47phox, phosphorylated by ROCK.	Superoxides	30-40	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	59-66
31973815-11	2020	These in turn amplify superoxide production through ROCK phophorylation of p47phox and maintain a positive feedback loop for superoxide generation, and contribute to tumor progression.	Superoxides	22-32	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	75-82
31517390-9	2020	In an MCAO model, overexpressing miR-31 and silencing PKD1 reduced neuronal injury, cerebral infarct volume, neuron loss, and oxidative stress injury, inhibited the activation of JAK/STAT3 pathway and the expressions of PKD1, interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, malondialdehyde, 4-HNE, 8-HOdG, caspase-3, and Bax, but increased the superoxide dismutase content.	Superoxides	355-365	protein kinase D1	Mus musculus	54-58
32045633-5	2020	SFE could significantly regulate malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs).	Superoxides	56-66	membrane metallo-endopeptidase	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
31608496-6	2020	Knockdown of ALK7 suppressed HG-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, as well elevated the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH) in ARPE-19 cells.	Superoxides	117-127	activin A receptor type 1C	Homo sapiens	13-17
31950451-6	2020	After 12 h or 24 h of refusion, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was significantly inhibited, accompanied by NOX2 protein increase within MCAO rat infarct area.	Superoxides	36-46	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	116-120
31894837-5	2020	CFTR overexpression could inhibit the pulmonary endothelial cell apoptosis, reduce the levels of glutathione (GSH), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and increase the values of superoxide dismutase (SOD), GSH peroxidase (GSH-Px), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC).	Superoxides	200-210	cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator	Mus musculus	0-4
31854436-2	2020	The diphenate ligand dip2- adopts different coordination modes, mixtures of kappa2-O,O"-chelation by individual carboxylate groups, chelation involving both carboxylate groups, and bridging, resulting in different associations of the cations present.	Superoxides	76-87	disco interacting protein 2 homolog A	Homo sapiens	21-25
31964409-7	2020	Mechanistically, we identified lncRNA-NEAT1 as a mediator of exosomeMIF by regulating the expression of miR-142-3p and activating Forkhead class O1 (FOXO1).	Superoxides	145-147	nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1	Homo sapiens	38-43
31812669-12	2020	In parallel, QSOX1-induced proliferation was independent of its redox activity, although mediated by intracellular superoxide.	Superoxides	115-125	quiescin sulfhydryl oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	13-18
31559421-5	2020	Here we discuss the importance of the AOX pathway in dealing with elevated carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), ozone (O3) and the main abiotic stresses induced by climate change.	Superoxides	127-129	acyl-CoA oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	38-41
31760771-11	2020	We conclude: 1) angiotensin II causes oxidative stress in proximal tubules by increasing O2- production by NOX4 and decreasing GSH; and 2) dietary fructose enhances angiotensin II"s ability to stimulate O2- and diminish GSH thereby exacerbating oxidative stress.	Superoxides	89-91	NADPH oxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	107-111
31707350-8	2020	On the other hand, the TSPO- downregulated cells showed higher activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), mitochondrial function stabilization, resulting in less cell apoptosis and damage in case of A/R condition.	Superoxides	77-87	translocator protein	Homo sapiens	23-27
31738973-5	2020	OGD could further induce progenitor cells proliferation and differentiation into O4 + OL precursor cells by activating CaSR, but OGD also induced more necrosis and apoptosis of newborn cells and less MBP + OL formation.	Superoxides	81-83	calcium-sensing receptor	Rattus norvegicus	119-123
32013346-9	2020	The estimation of macrophage phagocytosis rate of VitD~dgVDBP (5,864.3 +/- 742.2 cps) was significantly higher compared to dgVDBP (2,789.6 +/- 102.7 cps; p < 0.01) and VDBP (1,134.3 +/- 135.9 cps) whereas the production of macrophage superoxide anion radicals showed significantly higher levels of dgVDBP (255.3 +/- 14.5 cps) in comparison to VDBP (148.6 +/- 24.7 cps, p < 0.01) and VitD~dgVDBP (142.3 +/- 20.0 cps; p < 0.001).	Superoxides	234-250	GC vitamin D binding protein	Homo sapiens	57-61
31811262-9	2019	Taken together, our results suggest that eugenol inhibits the generation of superoxide anion by neutrophils via the inhibition of Raf/MEK/ERK1/2/p47phox-phosphorylation pathway.	Superoxides	76-86	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	145-152
31580948-0	2019	Uncoupled human flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 releases superoxide radical in addition to hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	59-69	flavin containing dimethylaniline monoxygenase 3	Homo sapiens	16-49
31580948-5	2019	For the first time, we were able to follow the production of the superoxide radical in hFMO3, which was found to account for 13-18% of the total uncoupling of this human enzyme.	Superoxides	65-75	flavin containing dimethylaniline monoxygenase 3	Homo sapiens	87-92
31245854-0	2019	Superoxide generation via the NR2B-NMDAR/RasGRF1/NOX2 pathway promotes dendritogenesis.	Superoxides	0-10	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	41-48
31245854-0	2019	Superoxide generation via the NR2B-NMDAR/RasGRF1/NOX2 pathway promotes dendritogenesis.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	49-53
31245854-3	2019	Accumulating evidence indicates that stimulation of NMDARs activates NADPH oxidase (NOX2), thereby generating superoxide.	Superoxides	110-120	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	84-88
31245854-11	2019	Together, our data indicate that superoxide production is induced by the NR2B-NMDARs/RasGRF1/NOX2 pathway and promotes dendritogenesis.	Superoxides	33-43	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	85-92
31245854-11	2019	Together, our data indicate that superoxide production is induced by the NR2B-NMDARs/RasGRF1/NOX2 pathway and promotes dendritogenesis.	Superoxides	33-43	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	93-97
31638769-7	2019	Last but not least, the L/O-BFC with the direct electron transfer (DET)-type lactate oxidase(LOx) anode and the Fe-N-C cathode produced an superior open circuit potential (OCP) of 0.264 V and a maximum output power density (OPD) of 24.430 muW cm-2 in O2 saturated 95.020 mM lactate solution.	Superoxides	251-253	lysyl oxidase	Homo sapiens	77-92
31638769-7	2019	Last but not least, the L/O-BFC with the direct electron transfer (DET)-type lactate oxidase(LOx) anode and the Fe-N-C cathode produced an superior open circuit potential (OCP) of 0.264 V and a maximum output power density (OPD) of 24.430 muW cm-2 in O2 saturated 95.020 mM lactate solution.	Superoxides	251-253	lysyl oxidase	Homo sapiens	93-96
31595750-2	2019	Among these M1/PTA SACs, Os1/PTA SAC possesses high activity for N2O reduction by H2 with a relevant low rate-determining barrier.	Superoxides	65-68	frizzled related protein	Homo sapiens	25-28
31595750-3	2019	The favorable catalytic pathway involves the first and second N2O decomposition over the Os1/PTA SAC and hydrogenation of the key species after the second N2O decomposition.	Superoxides	62-65	frizzled related protein	Homo sapiens	89-92
31595750-3	2019	The favorable catalytic pathway involves the first and second N2O decomposition over the Os1/PTA SAC and hydrogenation of the key species after the second N2O decomposition.	Superoxides	155-158	frizzled related protein	Homo sapiens	89-92
31719817-8	2019	The metabolism could potentially create by-products, like superoxide or hydrogen peroxide, which could act as strong reducing agents and oxidize hemoglobin into ferric containing methemoglobin.	Superoxides	58-68	hemoglobin subunit gamma 2	Homo sapiens	179-192
30582943-0	2019	Superoxide anions modulate the performance of apelin in the paraventricular nucleus on sympathetic activity and blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats.	Superoxides	0-17	apelin	Rattus norvegicus	46-52
30582943-1	2019	The present study was designed to determine how apelin in paraventricular nucleus (PVN) modulates the renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA), arterial blood pressure (ABP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR), and whether superoxide anions regulate the performance of PVN apelin in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs).	Superoxides	237-254	apelin	Rattus norvegicus	48-54
30582943-7	2019	PVN microinjection of superoxide anion scavengers tempol and tiron, or NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor apocynin, decreased the RSNA, ABP, MAP and HR in SHRs, and inhibited the effects of apelin, but the superoxide dismutase (SOD) inhibitor diethyldithiocarbamic acid (DETC) potentiated the effects of apelin.	Superoxides	22-38	apelin	Rattus norvegicus	181-187
30582943-7	2019	PVN microinjection of superoxide anion scavengers tempol and tiron, or NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor apocynin, decreased the RSNA, ABP, MAP and HR in SHRs, and inhibited the effects of apelin, but the superoxide dismutase (SOD) inhibitor diethyldithiocarbamic acid (DETC) potentiated the effects of apelin.	Superoxides	22-38	apelin	Rattus norvegicus	295-301
30582943-8	2019	NAD(P)H oxidase activity and superoxide anion levels in PVN were increased by apelin, but decreased by APJ antagonist F13A.	Superoxides	29-45	apelin	Rattus norvegicus	78-84
30582943-9	2019	The apelin-induced increases in NAD(P)H oxidase activity and superoxide anion level were abolished by pre-treatment with F13A.	Superoxides	61-77	apelin	Rattus norvegicus	4-10
30582943-11	2019	The enhanced activity of endogenous apelin and APJ receptor in PVN contributes to sympathetic activation in hypertension, and the superoxide anion is involved in these apelin-mediated processes in PVN.	Superoxides	130-146	apelin	Rattus norvegicus	36-42
30582943-11	2019	The enhanced activity of endogenous apelin and APJ receptor in PVN contributes to sympathetic activation in hypertension, and the superoxide anion is involved in these apelin-mediated processes in PVN.	Superoxides	130-146	apelin	Rattus norvegicus	168-174
31737648-7	2019	Gelatinase zymography demonstrated that the activity of MMP9-NGAL complex was significantly increased in aortic valves in 13% O2 compared to 20% O2.	Superoxides	126-128	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	56-60
31737648-7	2019	Gelatinase zymography demonstrated that the activity of MMP9-NGAL complex was significantly increased in aortic valves in 13% O2 compared to 20% O2.	Superoxides	126-128	lipocalin 2	Homo sapiens	61-65
31737648-7	2019	Gelatinase zymography demonstrated that the activity of MMP9-NGAL complex was significantly increased in aortic valves in 13% O2 compared to 20% O2.	Superoxides	145-147	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	56-60
31737648-7	2019	Gelatinase zymography demonstrated that the activity of MMP9-NGAL complex was significantly increased in aortic valves in 13% O2 compared to 20% O2.	Superoxides	145-147	lipocalin 2	Homo sapiens	61-65
31737212-8	2019	Loss-of-function experiments indicated that treatment of the cells with inhibitors against miR-217 and miR-138-5p promoted cell viability and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, while the induction of cell apoptosis, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) release were inhibited in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells.	Superoxides	142-152	microRNA 217	Homo sapiens	91-98
31637008-8	2019	Compared with the free drug, As2O3-NPs increased GSDME-N expression and decreased Dnmt3a, Dnmt3b, and Dnmt1 expression in Huh7 cells.	Superoxides	29-34	DNA methyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	102-107
31637008-9	2019	In vivo, As2O3-NPs induced a significant decrease in the expression of Dnmt3a, Dnmt3b and Dnmt1, but significantly upregulated the expression of GSDME-N (gasdermin E (GSDME) was originally found to be related to deafness; recently, it has been defined as a gasdermin family member associated with pyroptosis).	Superoxides	9-14	DNA methyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	90-95
31229571-7	2019	Cellular levels of superoxide and peroxides increased at 40  C and 42  C. Heat shock (42  C)-induced increases in Prx3 and Prx-SO3 were inhibited by antioxidants (PEG-catalase, MnTBAP) and a Nrf2 shRNA.	Superoxides	19-29	peroxiredoxin 3	Homo sapiens	114-118
31227352-3	2019	Our results indicate that HCO3- may play a dual role to act 1) as a ligand to stabilize Cu(II), forming soluble [CuII(HCO3-)(S)]+ species to catalyze H2O2 producing hydroxyl radical (OH) and superoxide ion (O2-) and 2) as a OH scavenger.	Superoxides	152-154	TRAF3 interacting protein 2	Homo sapiens	56-61
31576221-0	2019	Spin resolved electron density study of YTiO3 in its ferromagnetic phase: signature of orbital ordering.	Superoxides	40-45	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
31576221-1	2019	The present work reports on the charge and spin density modelling of YTiO3 in its ferromagnetic state (T C = 27 K).	Superoxides	69-74	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	43-47
31146112-7	2019	Notably, we found GSK872 and Nec-1 ameliorated the locomotor function and spinal cord edema, and conferred reverse of SCI-induced loss of mitochondrial integrity, ATP, glutathione and superoxide dismutase and elevation of reactive oxygen species and malonyldialdehyde in SCI-mice.	Superoxides	184-194	proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1	Mus musculus	29-34
31091128-0	2019	Superoxide increases surface NKCC2 in the rat thick ascending limbs via PKC.	Superoxides	0-10	solute carrier family 12 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	29-34
31091128-2	2019	The free radical superoxide ( O2- ) stimulates TAL NaCl absorption by enhancing NKCC2 activity.	Superoxides	17-27	solute carrier family 12 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	80-85
31091128-2	2019	The free radical superoxide ( O2- ) stimulates TAL NaCl absorption by enhancing NKCC2 activity.	Superoxides	30-32	solute carrier family 12 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	80-85
31091128-5	2019	We hypothesized that O2- stimulates NKCC2 activity by enhancing apical surface NKCC2 expression.	Superoxides	21-23	solute carrier family 12 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	36-41
31062473-5	2019	Furthermore, we proved that knockdown of TFAM enhanced the interaction between p53 and MDM2, resulting in decreased expression of p53 and the downstream target TIGAR, and thus leading to elevated level of mitochondrial superoxide and DNA double-strand break (DSB) which were exacerbated when treated the cell with ionizing radiation.	Superoxides	219-229	MDM2 proto-oncogene	Homo sapiens	87-91
30769160-0	2019	A thermodynamically-constrained mathematical model for the kinetics and regulation of NADPH oxidase 2 complex-mediated electron transfer and superoxide production.	Superoxides	141-151	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	86-101
30769160-7	2019	The model incorporates (i) thermodynamics of electron transfer from NADPH to O2 through different redox centers of the NOX2 complex, (ii) dependence of the NOX2 complex activity upon pH and temperature variations, and (iii) distinct inhibitory effects of different drugs on the NOX2 complex activity.	Superoxides	77-79	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	119-123
30769160-7	2019	The model incorporates (i) thermodynamics of electron transfer from NADPH to O2 through different redox centers of the NOX2 complex, (ii) dependence of the NOX2 complex activity upon pH and temperature variations, and (iii) distinct inhibitory effects of different drugs on the NOX2 complex activity.	Superoxides	77-79	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	156-160
30769160-7	2019	The model incorporates (i) thermodynamics of electron transfer from NADPH to O2 through different redox centers of the NOX2 complex, (ii) dependence of the NOX2 complex activity upon pH and temperature variations, and (iii) distinct inhibitory effects of different drugs on the NOX2 complex activity.	Superoxides	77-79	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	156-160
30935113-8	2019	Unexpectedly, however, elevated ACSL-5 expression increased mitochondrial superoxide production (+30%), which was associated with a significant reduction (p &lt; 0.05) in insulin-stimulated p-Akt and p-AS160 protein levels.	Superoxides	74-84	acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 5	Homo sapiens	32-38
30677425-7	2019	We further found that ASM downregulation blocked the Nox2-dependent superoxide (O2-) generation, which regulated vascular remodeling in AFs under Ang II.	Superoxides	68-78	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	53-57
30677425-7	2019	We further found that ASM downregulation blocked the Nox2-dependent superoxide (O2-) generation, which regulated vascular remodeling in AFs under Ang II.	Superoxides	80-82	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	53-57
31172485-2	2019	NOX2 carries all redox stations through which electrons flow from NADPH to molecular oxygen, to generate the primary ROS, superoxide.	Superoxides	122-132	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	0-4
30227270-6	2018	Thus, the splicing product SOD&amp;CAT combines the superoxide anion ( O2-) scavenging ability and the ability of decomposing H2O2.	Superoxides	52-68	catalase	Felis catus	35-38
30227270-6	2018	Thus, the splicing product SOD&amp;CAT combines the superoxide anion ( O2-) scavenging ability and the ability of decomposing H2O2.	Superoxides	71-73	catalase	Felis catus	35-38
30227270-10	2018	SOD&amp;CAT exhibited a superoxide anion ( O2-) scavenging ability 244% higher than that of SOD and 46% higher than that of the mixed enzymes SOD+CAT.	Superoxides	24-40	catalase	Felis catus	8-11
30227270-10	2018	SOD&amp;CAT exhibited a superoxide anion ( O2-) scavenging ability 244% higher than that of SOD and 46% higher than that of the mixed enzymes SOD+CAT.	Superoxides	43-45	catalase	Felis catus	8-11
30066461-6	2018	In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the redistribution of active nNOS molecules from sarcolemma to sarcoplasm not only is ahead of the atrophy of unloaded myofibers, and is induced by increased production of mitochondrial superoxide anion, but also drives FoxO3 activation to initiate muscle atrophy.	Superoxides	230-246	nitric oxide synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	73-77
30183770-6	2018	Up-regulation of the activities and transcript levels of APX, GR, MDHAR and DHAR in the DCPTA treatments contributed to the increases in ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) levels and inhibited the increased generation rate of superoxide anion radicals (O2 -), the contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and the electrolyte leakage (EL) induced by drought.	Superoxides	229-254	APx1-Cytosolic Ascorbate Peroxidase	Zea mays	57-60
30183770-6	2018	Up-regulation of the activities and transcript levels of APX, GR, MDHAR and DHAR in the DCPTA treatments contributed to the increases in ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) levels and inhibited the increased generation rate of superoxide anion radicals (O2 -), the contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and the electrolyte leakage (EL) induced by drought.	Superoxides	256-260	APx1-Cytosolic Ascorbate Peroxidase	Zea mays	57-60
30085078-7	2018	On the other hand, similar to ascorbic acid, OLE1 overexpression significantly reduced the levels of superoxide radical, carbonyl protein and lipid peroxidation.	Superoxides	101-119	stearoyl-CoA 9-desaturase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	45-49
29605448-4	2018	This process consumes large amounts of oxygen, which is converted into the highly-reactive superoxide radical O2- and H2O2.	Superoxides	91-109	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	110-122
29878401-4	2018	Additionally, inhibition of BRD4 using small interfering RNA or JQ1 (a selective potent chemical inhibitor) led to repression of H2 O2 -induced oxidative stress, as revealed by a decrease in the reactive oxygen species production accompanied by a decreased malondialdehyde content, along with increased activities of antioxidant markers superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase on exposure of chondrocytes to H2 O2 .	Superoxides	337-347	bromodomain containing 4	Rattus norvegicus	28-32
29992759-4	2018	Kallistatin blocked H2 O2 -induced superoxide formation, NADPH oxidase levels and VCAM-1, ICAM-1, IL-6 and miR-34a synthesis.	Superoxides	35-45	serpin family A member 4	Homo sapiens	0-11
29575122-7	2018	In high glucose-exposed H9c2 cells, melatonin treatment increased the expression of SIRT1 and PGC-1alpha and inhibited Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission and mitochondria-derived superoxide production.	Superoxides	180-190	dynamin 1-like	Rattus norvegicus	119-123
29683208-10	2018	In addition, downstream of ERK, CMC2.24 inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation levels at the serine 727 residue, enhanced the levels of superoxide anion in mitochondria, and induced intrinsic apoptosis as shown by the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria to the cytosol and the further cleavage of caspase 9 in PC cells.	Superoxides	129-145	C-X9-C motif containing 2	Homo sapiens	32-36
28601846-2	2018	To explore novel biochemical parameters that explain susceptibility to infections, we investigated the expression of NOX2 and partners in neutrophils of patients with severe alcoholic cirrhosis and have provided a novel approach to restore superoxide production capacity in patients" neutrophils and blood.	Superoxides	240-250	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	117-121
28601846-6	2018	RESULTS: The impaired superoxide production by patients" neutrophils was associated with a severe deficient expression of the NADPH oxidase catalytic core flavocytochrome-b558 (gp91 phox /NOX2 and p22 phox ), its cytosolic partner p47 phox but not p67 phox .	Superoxides	22-32	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	177-186
28601846-6	2018	RESULTS: The impaired superoxide production by patients" neutrophils was associated with a severe deficient expression of the NADPH oxidase catalytic core flavocytochrome-b558 (gp91 phox /NOX2 and p22 phox ), its cytosolic partner p47 phox but not p67 phox .	Superoxides	22-32	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	188-192
29957360-10	2018	This study provides evidence that the anti-osteoclastic effect of CAPE depends upon the attenuated superoxide anion production, which is closely related with interruption of an active Nox1 complex formation due to the attenuated catalytic subunit Nox1 expression resulting from suppression of the IKKbeta/IkappaBalpha/NF-kappaB and JNK/AP-1 signaling pathway and the down-regulation of the p47phox subunit translocation to the cell membrane.	Superoxides	99-115	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	332-335
29867936-11	2018	In Tgalphaq*44 mice with slowly developing HF, driven by cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of Galphaq* protein, an increase in superoxide production, despite compensatory activation of antioxidative mechanisms, results in the development of oxidative modifications not only in cardiomyocytes but also in coronary endothelium, at the transition phase of HF, before the end-stage disease.	Superoxides	131-141	guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha q polypeptide	Mus musculus	98-106
29477577-6	2018	The GPR84-mediated superoxide release was low in naive cells, but the response could be significantly primed by TNFalpha and by the actin cytoskeleton disrupting agent Latrunculin A.	Superoxides	19-29	G protein-coupled receptor 84	Homo sapiens	4-9
29544732-7	2018	Similarly, LRWD1 knockdown resulted in the accumulation of H2O2 and superoxide anion radical (O2-).	Superoxides	68-92	leucine rich repeats and WD repeat domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	11-16
29544732-7	2018	Similarly, LRWD1 knockdown resulted in the accumulation of H2O2 and superoxide anion radical (O2-).	Superoxides	61-63	leucine rich repeats and WD repeat domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	11-16
29274570-6	2018	By contrast, O2 -/H2O2 production was augmented in cardiac mitochondria from GRX2+/- and GRX2-/- mice metabolizing pyruvate or 2-oxoglutarate which was associated with decreased PDH and OGDH protein levels.	Superoxides	13-15	oxoglutarate (alpha-ketoglutarate) dehydrogenase (lipoamide)	Mus musculus	186-190
29136588-8	2018	The calculated concentrations of cell-released O2 - vary from 6.772 to 24.652pM cell-1 for the Zymosan amount used in this work.	Superoxides	47-49	carboxyl ester lipase pseudogene	Homo sapiens	80-86
29438701-6	2018	Ethanol and SL-CLP augmented superoxide anion (O2-) generation in the mesenteric arterial bed (MAB) of both WT and iNOS-deficient mice.	Superoxides	29-45	leucine-rich repeat LGI family, member 4	Mus musculus	15-18
29438701-6	2018	Ethanol and SL-CLP augmented superoxide anion (O2-) generation in the mesenteric arterial bed (MAB) of both WT and iNOS-deficient mice.	Superoxides	47-49	leucine-rich repeat LGI family, member 4	Mus musculus	15-18
29371030-4	2018	By applying western blot, it was found that hr5F alleviates the high glucose-induced superoxide overproduction insults by regulating SIRT1-PGC-1alpha/Nrf2 pathway, together with regulating NRF-1, mtTFA, Bax/Bcl-2 to ameliorate cell apoptosis.	Superoxides	85-95	sirtuin 1	Homo sapiens	133-138
29352205-9	2018	Integrin alphaMbeta2 was critical for HD-induced NOX2 activation since inhibition or genetic deletion of alphaMbeta2 attenuated NOX2-generated superoxide and p47phox membrane translocation in response to HD.	Superoxides	143-153	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	49-53
29352205-9	2018	Integrin alphaMbeta2 was critical for HD-induced NOX2 activation since inhibition or genetic deletion of alphaMbeta2 attenuated NOX2-generated superoxide and p47phox membrane translocation in response to HD.	Superoxides	143-153	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	128-132
28793782-7	2018	INNOVATION: For the first time, we demonstrate that dRP acts intracellularly and stimulates superoxide anion generation by direct binding and activation of the NOX2 enzymatic complex.	Superoxides	92-108	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	160-164
29321004-1	2018	BACKGROUND: Small GTP binding protein Rac1 is a component of NADPH oxidases and is essential for superoxide-induced cell death.	Superoxides	97-107	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	38-42
29135055-4	2018	Irrespective of glycemic status, colostrum and blood cells treated with IL-4 and IL-17 increased superoxide release in the presence of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC).	Superoxides	97-107	interleukin 17A	Homo sapiens	81-86
29183727-0	2018	Resveratrol strongly enhances the retinoic acid-induced superoxide generating activity via up-regulation of gp91-phox gene expression in U937 cells.	Superoxides	56-66	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	108-117
29183727-1	2018	The membrane bound cytochrome b558 composed of gp91-phox and p22-phox proteins, and cytosolic proteins p40-, p47-and p67-phox are important components of superoxide (O2-)-generating system in phagocytes.	Superoxides	154-164	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	19-31
29183727-1	2018	The membrane bound cytochrome b558 composed of gp91-phox and p22-phox proteins, and cytosolic proteins p40-, p47-and p67-phox are important components of superoxide (O2-)-generating system in phagocytes.	Superoxides	154-164	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	47-56
29183727-1	2018	The membrane bound cytochrome b558 composed of gp91-phox and p22-phox proteins, and cytosolic proteins p40-, p47-and p67-phox are important components of superoxide (O2-)-generating system in phagocytes.	Superoxides	166-168	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	19-31
29183727-1	2018	The membrane bound cytochrome b558 composed of gp91-phox and p22-phox proteins, and cytosolic proteins p40-, p47-and p67-phox are important components of superoxide (O2-)-generating system in phagocytes.	Superoxides	166-168	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	47-56
29414428-9	2018	These results show that Akt/GSK-3beta/PKCepsilon/eNOS-dependent pathways-mediated superoxide production and apoptosis appear as important factors involved in the observed gender differences.	Superoxides	82-92	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	49-53
29742502-11	2018	Consistent with their antioxidant properties, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and Tan IIa suppressed superoxide and ROS production, protein oxidation, and apoptosis elicited by PDS.	Superoxides	95-105	X-linked Kx blood group	Homo sapiens	67-70
30084334-10	2018	They can induce the transcription factor, nuclear erythroid factor-2 mediated expression of superoxide dismutase- 2 in order to facilitate the antioxidant effect.	Superoxides	92-102	transcription termination factor 2	Homo sapiens	60-68
29955206-10	2018	AEM-2 significantly reduced mitochondrial superoxide formation, prevented the LPS-induced decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and attenuated the release of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	42-52	anti-erythrocyte autoantibody modifier 2	Mus musculus	0-5
31938112-7	2018	After 48 hours Sev-N2O anesthesia, the neuronal apoptosis and the expression of Bax, PARP-1 in hippocampus of rats increased significantly, and the expression of Nampt, RelB decreased significantly.	Superoxides	19-22	nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase	Rattus norvegicus	162-167
31938112-8	2018	However, Nampt activators could reduce the apoptosis of hippocampal primary cells in vitro after 4 hours exposed with Sev-N2O.	Superoxides	122-125	nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase	Rattus norvegicus	9-14
28590009-6	2018	Moreover, rMnSOD prevents the nephrotoxicity induced by OTA probably restoring the balance between superoxide and NO that is most probably the cause of hypertension and renal functional alterations through the inhibition of NO synthase.	Superoxides	99-109	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	10-16
28733324-0	2017	NADPH oxidase-2 derived superoxide drives mitochondrial transfer from bone marrow stromal cells to leukemic blasts.	Superoxides	24-34	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	0-15
28733324-4	2017	Here we report that in human AML, NOX2 generates superoxide, which stimulates bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) to AML blast transfer of mitochondria through AML-derived tunneling nanotubes.	Superoxides	49-59	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	34-38
28833480-2	2017	NADPH oxidase (NOX), and mainly the NOX2 isoform, produces superoxide anions (O2 - ).	Superoxides	59-76	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	36-40
28833480-2	2017	NADPH oxidase (NOX), and mainly the NOX2 isoform, produces superoxide anions (O2 - ).	Superoxides	78-80	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	36-40
28759751-8	2017	Significantly, oxidative stress induced by CCl4 was also suppressed owing to the lack of Rac2, evidenced by enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, superoxide radical, H2O2, xanthine oxidase (XO), xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) and XO/XDH ratio.	Superoxides	196-214	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4	Mus musculus	43-47
28699129-6	2017	Within changed pathways, three genes were selected for RT-qPCR analyses as key candidates influencing inflammatory responses: CYBA (component of the superoxide-generating Nox2 enzyme), GSK3B (controller of cell responses after toll-like receptor stimulation), and EIF4E (a key factor of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4F complex that regulates abundance of other proteins involved in immune functions).	Superoxides	149-159	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	171-175
28600985-12	2017	In conclusions, hyperinsulinemia may reduce FID via inducing Nox2-mediated superoxide production in microvascular endothelial cells which reduce the availability of NO and enhances peroxynitrite formation.	Superoxides	75-85	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	61-65
28129719-8	2017	INNOVATION: Real-time changes of mitochondrial H2O2 and GSH in tissue cultures during early RP, and also during controlled production of superoxide and peroxide, reveal significant differences between CA1 and CA3.	Superoxides	137-147	carbonic anhydrase 1	Homo sapiens	201-204
28573846-4	2017	Herein, aggregation-induced emission (AIE) was employed to develop a novel organic platform TPE-CLA with simultaneous turn-on FL/CL signals specifically modulated by O2 - in cells, which can be attributed to the activation of AIE resulted from the decreasing solubility after recognition.	Superoxides	166-168	clasper	Mus musculus	96-99
28573846-5	2017	Using imidazopyrazinone (CLA) as the reactive motif and tetraphenylethene (TPE) as FL/CL enhancing skeleton, TPE-CLA is sensitive enough to image native O2 - in Raw264.7 cells and lipopolysaccharide stimulated O2 - in mice.	Superoxides	153-155	clasper	Mus musculus	113-116
28573846-5	2017	Using imidazopyrazinone (CLA) as the reactive motif and tetraphenylethene (TPE) as FL/CL enhancing skeleton, TPE-CLA is sensitive enough to image native O2 - in Raw264.7 cells and lipopolysaccharide stimulated O2 - in mice.	Superoxides	210-212	clasper	Mus musculus	113-116
28174084-3	2017	In order to assess the antioxidant activities of MP-1, four kinds of methods were used, including scavenging hydroxyl radical, DPPH, superoxide anion radical, and FRAP, and the results indicated high antioxidant activities.	Superoxides	133-157	pitrilysin metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	49-53
28345875-4	2017	In these experiments superoxide is generated using the NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) substrate deoxynyboquinone (DNQ), and hydrogen peroxide is generated using the lactate dehydrogenase A (LDH-A) inhibitor NHI-Glc-2.	Superoxides	21-31	NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 1	Mus musculus	55-87
28345875-4	2017	In these experiments superoxide is generated using the NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) substrate deoxynyboquinone (DNQ), and hydrogen peroxide is generated using the lactate dehydrogenase A (LDH-A) inhibitor NHI-Glc-2.	Superoxides	21-31	NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 1	Mus musculus	89-93
28542246-3	2017	Genetic ablation of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), an antioxidant enzyme that acts to reduce O2.- concentration, revealed a new O2.--dependent regulation of IRP1 leading to the reduction of IRP1 protein level and in consequence to the diminution of IRP1 enzymatic and IRE-binding activities.	Superoxides	128-130	aconitase 1	Mus musculus	157-161
28542246-3	2017	Genetic ablation of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), an antioxidant enzyme that acts to reduce O2.- concentration, revealed a new O2.--dependent regulation of IRP1 leading to the reduction of IRP1 protein level and in consequence to the diminution of IRP1 enzymatic and IRE-binding activities.	Superoxides	128-130	aconitase 1	Mus musculus	190-194
28542246-3	2017	Genetic ablation of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), an antioxidant enzyme that acts to reduce O2.- concentration, revealed a new O2.--dependent regulation of IRP1 leading to the reduction of IRP1 protein level and in consequence to the diminution of IRP1 enzymatic and IRE-binding activities.	Superoxides	128-130	aconitase 1	Mus musculus	190-194
28542246-8	2017	To investigate O2.--dependent regulation of IRP1 in a cellular model, we exposed murine RAW 264.7 and bone marrow-derived macrophages to paraquat, widely used as a redox cycler to stimulate O2.-production in cells.	Superoxides	15-17	aconitase 1	Mus musculus	44-48
28219781-9	2017	NECA also reduced mitochondrial superoxide through Src tyrosine kinase.	Superoxides	32-42	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	51-54
28368370-7	2017	MnSOD vectors suppressed the upregulated mitochondrial superoxide, and endoplasmic reticulum stress markers (glucose-related protein 78 (GRP78) and activating transcription factor 6 alpha (ATF6alpha)) in the PAG induced by MW.	Superoxides	55-65	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
28755362-4	2017	The Cytb 558 is the membrane catalytic core of the NADPH oxidase complex, through which the reducing equivalent provided by NADPH is transferred via the associated prosthetic groups (one flavin and two hemes) to reduce dioxygen into superoxide anion.	Superoxides	233-249	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	4-8
27854077-6	2017	Enforced expression of PHB in ISO-treated H9c2 cells suppressed cellular ROS production with mitochondrial superoxide generation and enhanced the mitochondrial membrane potential resulting in suppression of oxidative stress which likely offered potent cellular protection, led to the availability of more healthy cells, and also, significant constitutive activation of Gsk-3beta via inactivation of Akt was observed.	Superoxides	107-117	prohibitin 1	Rattus norvegicus	23-26
27638049-4	2016	Following ATO treatment, ATF4 activates NADPH oxidase by promoting assembly of the enzyme components Rac-1/P47phox/P67phox, which generates ROS/superoxides.	Superoxides	144-155	activating transcription factor 4	Homo sapiens	25-29
27638049-4	2016	Following ATO treatment, ATF4 activates NADPH oxidase by promoting assembly of the enzyme components Rac-1/P47phox/P67phox, which generates ROS/superoxides.	Superoxides	144-155	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	101-106
27638049-4	2016	Following ATO treatment, ATF4 activates NADPH oxidase by promoting assembly of the enzyme components Rac-1/P47phox/P67phox, which generates ROS/superoxides.	Superoxides	144-155	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	107-114
27678262-8	2016	CXCR2 inhibition also ameliorated angiotensin II-induced vascular dysfunction and reduced vascular superoxide formation, NADPH activity, and expression of NADPH oxidase subunits (n=6 per group).	Superoxides	99-109	chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 2	Mus musculus	0-5
27437916-0	2016	17-beta-estradiol Decreases Neutrophil Superoxide Production through Rac1.	Superoxides	39-49	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	69-73
27437916-7	2016	The newly identified pathway involved largely second messengers from previously described non-genomic estrogen effects and affected superoxide production via Rac1 - an important regulator of free radical production and chemotaxis.	Superoxides	132-142	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	158-162
27620389-8	2016	Furthermore, Klotho deficiency upregulated NADPH oxidase activity and superoxide production, increased collagen expression, and enhanced elastin fragmentation in the media of aortas.	Superoxides	70-80	klotho	Mus musculus	13-19
27770854-8	2016	Rh-HGF significantly induced phosphorylation of its receptor c-Met, increased the content of endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, and decreased the generation of reactive oxygen species (superoxide anion and peroxynitrite) and extravasation of oxidized low-density lipoprotein in diabetic mice.	Superoxides	193-209	hepatocyte growth factor	Mus musculus	3-6
27288452-6	2016	Moreover, staining with the mitochondrial-specific fluorescent probe MitoSox suggested increased levels of superoxide in patient cells with reduced levels of sacsin.Key to maintaining mitochondrial health is mitochondrial fission, which facilitates the dynamic exchange of mitochondrial components and separates damaged parts of the mitochondrial network for selective elimination by mitophagy.	Superoxides	107-117	sacsin molecular chaperone	Homo sapiens	158-164
27225894-6	2016	Treatment with a noneffective dose of rosuvastatin (0.5 mg kg(-1) day(-1)) plus a low dose of C21 (1 mug kg(-1) day(-1)) inhibited the PCNA labeling index, superoxide anion production, mRNA expressions of NAD(P)H subunits, and mRNA and protein expressions of inflammatory markers associated with marked inhibition of neointima formation.	Superoxides	156-172	proliferating cell nuclear antigen	Mus musculus	135-139
27040821-8	2016	Superoxide production, zinc translocation and microglia activation similarly showed a marked increase in the EAAC1 (-/-) mice.	Superoxides	0-10	solute carrier family 1 (neuronal/epithelial high affinity glutamate transporter, system Xag), member 1	Mus musculus	109-114
26888829-5	2016	Following its overexpression in breast cancer cells, SH3GL2 translocated to mitochondria and induced the production of superoxide and release of cytochrome C from mitochondria to the cytoplasm.	Superoxides	119-129	SH3 domain containing GRB2 like 2, endophilin A1	Homo sapiens	53-59
27094492-3	2016	AOX can restore respiratory electron flow when the cytochrome segment of the mitochondrial respiratory chain is inhibited, supporting ATP synthesis, maintaining cellular redox homeostasis and mitigating excess superoxide production at respiratory complexes I and III.	Superoxides	210-220	acyl-CoA oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
27174562-9	2016	Mitochondria from rat receiving miR-22 inhibitor 48h before ischemia were found to have a significantly less mitochondrial superoxide production and greater mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP production as compared with rat receiving miR control.	Superoxides	123-133	membrane associated ring-CH-type finger 8	Rattus norvegicus	32-35
27222268-1	2016	Antioxidant 1 (ATOX1) functions as an antioxidant against hydrogen peroxide and superoxide, and therefore may play a significant role in many human diseases, including diabetes mellitus (DM).	Superoxides	80-90	antioxidant 1 copper chaperone	Homo sapiens	15-20
27340545-0	2016	Progressive impairment of CaV1.1 function in the skeletal muscle of mice expressing a mutant type 1 Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (G93A) linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.	Superoxides	106-116	calcium channel, voltage-dependent, L type, alpha 1S subunit	Mus musculus	26-32
27339206-2	2016	However, the contribution of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) as a source of the superoxide anion radical (O2-) in oxidative stress associated with asthma has not yet been examined in detail.	Superoxides	78-102	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	29-52
27339206-2	2016	However, the contribution of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) as a source of the superoxide anion radical (O2-) in oxidative stress associated with asthma has not yet been examined in detail.	Superoxides	78-102	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	54-57
27339206-2	2016	However, the contribution of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) as a source of the superoxide anion radical (O2-) in oxidative stress associated with asthma has not yet been examined in detail.	Superoxides	104-106	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	29-52
27339206-2	2016	However, the contribution of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) as a source of the superoxide anion radical (O2-) in oxidative stress associated with asthma has not yet been examined in detail.	Superoxides	104-106	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	54-57
27339206-4	2016	In the lungs of Df-treated mice, the production of O2 - from XOR increased and the nitrite concentrations decreased, whereas the protein expression of XOR remained unchanged.	Superoxides	51-53	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	61-64
26996596-2	2016	Unlike the endogenous P2Y2R agonist ATP, the P2Y2PalIC2 pepducin, which has an amino acid sequence corresponding to the second intracellular loop of the human ATP receptor (P2Y2R), activated the superoxide anion-generating NADPH-oxidase in neutrophils.	Superoxides	195-211	purinergic receptor P2Y2	Homo sapiens	173-178
26996596-3	2016	In addition to having a direct effect on neutrophils, the P2Y2R pepducin converted naive neutrophils to a primed state, which secondarily responded to ATP by producing superoxide.	Superoxides	168-178	purinergic receptor P2Y2	Homo sapiens	58-63
27012965-4	2016	The synergistic reduction of Ang II-induced contraction of diabetic but not normal aorta with minimally effective concentrations of P + Q occurs through inhibiting O2(-) and increasing NO bioavailability.	Superoxides	164-166	angiogenin	Rattus norvegicus	29-32
26816095-5	2016	It was found that lycopene attenuated Abeta-induced oxidative stress, as evidenced by the decreased intracellular reactive oxygen species generation and mitochondria-derived superoxide production.	Superoxides	174-184	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	38-43
27074556-3	2016	Ethanol-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and superoxide signals promoted growth rate during passages that was accompanied by increased expression of sirtuin proteins, Sir1, Sir2 and Sir3, and DNA-binding transcription regulator Rap1.	Superoxides	50-60	Sir1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	172-176
27074556-3	2016	Ethanol-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and superoxide signals promoted growth rate during passages that was accompanied by increased expression of sirtuin proteins, Sir1, Sir2 and Sir3, and DNA-binding transcription regulator Rap1.	Superoxides	50-60	chromatin-silencing protein SIR3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	187-191
27074556-3	2016	Ethanol-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and superoxide signals promoted growth rate during passages that was accompanied by increased expression of sirtuin proteins, Sir1, Sir2 and Sir3, and DNA-binding transcription regulator Rap1.	Superoxides	50-60	DNA-binding transcription factor RAP1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	233-237
27184078-6	2016	We demonstrate that Smad2 is a key scaffold, allowing RIN1 to act as a GTP exchange factor for MFN2-GTPase activation to promote mitochondrial ATP synthesis and suppress superoxide production.	Superoxides	170-180	mitofusin 2	Homo sapiens	95-99
26772654-8	2016	LPS primed neutrophils for enhanced release of formyl peptide-stimulated superoxide, in a serum- and LPS-binding protein (LBP)-dependent manner.	Superoxides	73-83	lipopolysaccharide binding protein	Homo sapiens	101-120
26772654-8	2016	LPS primed neutrophils for enhanced release of formyl peptide-stimulated superoxide, in a serum- and LPS-binding protein (LBP)-dependent manner.	Superoxides	73-83	lipopolysaccharide binding protein	Homo sapiens	122-125
27002165-0	2016	Correction: Elevated p62/SQSTM1 determines the fate of autophagy-deficient neural stem cells by increasing superoxide.	Superoxides	107-117	sequestosome 1	Homo sapiens	21-24
27002165-0	2016	Correction: Elevated p62/SQSTM1 determines the fate of autophagy-deficient neural stem cells by increasing superoxide.	Superoxides	107-117	sequestosome 1	Homo sapiens	25-31
26839313-1	2016	Using high throughput screening-compatible assays for superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, we identified potential inhibitors of the NADPH oxidase (Nox2) isoform from a small library of bioactive compounds.	Superoxides	54-64	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	145-149
26839313-5	2016	We conclude that the newly developed high throughput screening/reactive oxygen species assays could also be used to identify potential inhibitors of ONOO(-)formed from Nox2-derived O2 ()and nitric oxide synthase-derived nitric oxide.	Superoxides	181-183	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	168-172
26873547-10	2016	Moreover, increased superoxide anion production was observed in the mesenteric resistance arteries of TBT rats accompanied by an increase in gp91phox, catalase, AT1 receptor and total ERK1/2 protein expression.	Superoxides	20-36	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	141-159
24119062-0	2016	Potential of a 70 kDa IL-10-like factor in synovial fluid from rheumatoid arthritis patients to augment superoxide generation by human neutrophils.	Superoxides	104-114	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	22-27
24119062-8	2016	CONCLUSION: The 70-kDa protein factor in RA-SF increased superoxide generation by human PMNs, which suggests the possibility of its being related to IL-10.	Superoxides	57-67	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	149-154
26824355-6	2016	Using RNA interference, we showed that ARF6 is essential for ROS generation since in conditions where this GTPase was knocked down, Ang II could no longer promote superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	163-179	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Rattus norvegicus	39-43
26536848-8	2016	NAC also efficiently prevented the production of superoxide anion, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, intracellular acidification and the oxidation of protein free thiols caused by Stattic V. These results show that the deleterious effects of Stattic V on sperm functions are caused directly or indirectly by excessive intracellular ROS production without causing sperm apoptosis or necrosis.	Superoxides	49-65	X-linked Kx blood group	Homo sapiens	0-3
26111538-6	2016	Coincidently, both superoxide formation and ERK1/2 phosphorylation were observed in Met-5A cells exposed to MWCNTs and were diminished by pretreatment with the reactive oxidative species (ROS) scavenger, N-acetyl-l-(+)-cysteine (NAC).	Superoxides	19-29	X-linked Kx blood group	Homo sapiens	229-232
25925080-2	2015	Since mitochondrial uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) plays antioxidant and insulin-regulating roles in pancreatic beta-cells, we tested our hypothesis, that UCP2-mediated uncoupling attenuating mitochondrial superoxide production is initiated by FA release due to a direct H2O2-induced activation of mitochondrial phospholipase iPLA2gamma.	Superoxides	203-213	uncoupling protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	6-40
25925080-2	2015	Since mitochondrial uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) plays antioxidant and insulin-regulating roles in pancreatic beta-cells, we tested our hypothesis, that UCP2-mediated uncoupling attenuating mitochondrial superoxide production is initiated by FA release due to a direct H2O2-induced activation of mitochondrial phospholipase iPLA2gamma.	Superoxides	203-213	uncoupling protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	42-46
25925080-2	2015	Since mitochondrial uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) plays antioxidant and insulin-regulating roles in pancreatic beta-cells, we tested our hypothesis, that UCP2-mediated uncoupling attenuating mitochondrial superoxide production is initiated by FA release due to a direct H2O2-induced activation of mitochondrial phospholipase iPLA2gamma.	Superoxides	203-213	uncoupling protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	152-156
26465144-1	2015	In addition to superoxide (O2.-) generation from nitric oxide synthase (NOS) oxygenase domain, a new O2.- generation site has been identified in the reductase domain of inducible NOS (iNOS) and neuronal NOS (nNOS).	Superoxides	15-25	nitric oxide synthase 2	Bos taurus	169-182
26465144-1	2015	In addition to superoxide (O2.-) generation from nitric oxide synthase (NOS) oxygenase domain, a new O2.- generation site has been identified in the reductase domain of inducible NOS (iNOS) and neuronal NOS (nNOS).	Superoxides	15-25	nitric oxide synthase 2	Bos taurus	184-188
26465144-1	2015	In addition to superoxide (O2.-) generation from nitric oxide synthase (NOS) oxygenase domain, a new O2.- generation site has been identified in the reductase domain of inducible NOS (iNOS) and neuronal NOS (nNOS).	Superoxides	27-29	nitric oxide synthase 2	Bos taurus	169-182
26465144-1	2015	In addition to superoxide (O2.-) generation from nitric oxide synthase (NOS) oxygenase domain, a new O2.- generation site has been identified in the reductase domain of inducible NOS (iNOS) and neuronal NOS (nNOS).	Superoxides	27-29	nitric oxide synthase 2	Bos taurus	184-188
26465144-1	2015	In addition to superoxide (O2.-) generation from nitric oxide synthase (NOS) oxygenase domain, a new O2.- generation site has been identified in the reductase domain of inducible NOS (iNOS) and neuronal NOS (nNOS).	Superoxides	101-103	nitric oxide synthase 2	Bos taurus	169-182
26465144-1	2015	In addition to superoxide (O2.-) generation from nitric oxide synthase (NOS) oxygenase domain, a new O2.- generation site has been identified in the reductase domain of inducible NOS (iNOS) and neuronal NOS (nNOS).	Superoxides	101-103	nitric oxide synthase 2	Bos taurus	184-188
26219626-4	2015	We show that pan-neuronal loss or gain of CycD/Cdk4 increases mitochondrial superoxide, oxidative stress markers, and neurodegeneration and decreases lifespan.	Superoxides	76-86	Cyclin D	Drosophila melanogaster	42-46
26219626-4	2015	We show that pan-neuronal loss or gain of CycD/Cdk4 increases mitochondrial superoxide, oxidative stress markers, and neurodegeneration and decreases lifespan.	Superoxides	76-86	Cyclin-dependent kinase 4	Drosophila melanogaster	47-51
25865156-7	2015	ISO increased the protein levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, but at the same time it markedly up-regulated mRNA and protein levels of gp91phox, a catalytical subunit of superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	179-189	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	144-152
26214584-6	2015	More interestingly, despite the overexpression of eNOS, the in-house generated transgenic eNOS-GFP (TgeNOS-GFP)-Ins2(Akita) cross mice showed an unanticipated effect of reduced eNOS phosphorylation and enhanced superoxide production.	Superoxides	211-221	insulin II	Mus musculus	112-116
26253183-8	2015	Similar findings were obtained by knockdown NOX-1 gene, one source of superoxide for peroxynitrite formation.	Superoxides	70-80	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	44-49
26412311-7	2015	Renal superoxide, 8-hydroxy deoxyguanosine, nitrotyrosine and the plasma Cys34-cysteinylated albumin were clearly suppressed by the HSA-Trx treatment.	Superoxides	6-16	thioredoxin 1	Mus musculus	136-139
26245902-0	2015	Mitochondrial Disease-related Mutation G167P in Cytochrome b of Rhodobacter capsulatus Cytochrome bc1 (S151P in Human) Affects the Equilibrium Distribution of [2Fe-2S] Cluster and Generation of Superoxide.	Superoxides	194-204	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	48-60
26291484-0	2015	Superoxide anion-induced pain and inflammation depends on TNFalpha/TNFR1 signaling in mice.	Superoxides	0-16	tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 1a	Mus musculus	67-72
26291484-4	2015	Tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 deficiency (TNFR1-/-) and treatment of wild-type mice with etanercept (a soluble TNFR2 receptor that inhibits TNFalpha actions) inhibited superoxide anion-induced pain-like behaviors.	Superoxides	171-187	tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 1a	Mus musculus	0-32
26291484-4	2015	Tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 deficiency (TNFR1-/-) and treatment of wild-type mice with etanercept (a soluble TNFR2 receptor that inhibits TNFalpha actions) inhibited superoxide anion-induced pain-like behaviors.	Superoxides	171-187	tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 1a	Mus musculus	45-50
26291484-4	2015	Tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 deficiency (TNFR1-/-) and treatment of wild-type mice with etanercept (a soluble TNFR2 receptor that inhibits TNFalpha actions) inhibited superoxide anion-induced pain-like behaviors.	Superoxides	171-187	tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 1a	Mus musculus	114-119
26291484-5	2015	TNFR1(-/-) mice were also protected from superoxide anion donor-induced oxidative stress, suggesting the role of this pathway in the maintenance of oxidative stress.	Superoxides	41-57	tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 1a	Mus musculus	0-5
26291484-7	2015	These results demonstrate that TNFalpha/TNFR1 signaling is important in superoxide anion-triggered pain and that TNFalpha/TNFR1 signaling amplifies the oxidative stress triggered by superoxide anion, which contributes to sustaining pain and inflammation.	Superoxides	72-88	tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 1a	Mus musculus	40-45
26291484-7	2015	These results demonstrate that TNFalpha/TNFR1 signaling is important in superoxide anion-triggered pain and that TNFalpha/TNFR1 signaling amplifies the oxidative stress triggered by superoxide anion, which contributes to sustaining pain and inflammation.	Superoxides	182-198	tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 1a	Mus musculus	122-127
25148934-3	2015	CORM-2-induced HO-1 expression was mediated through superoxide, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK), extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (Erk1/2), protein tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), and phosphatidylinositol 3"-kinase (PI3K/Akt), revealed by the pharmacological inhibitors or knockdown of these signaling molecules.	Superoxides	52-62	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	15-19
25616357-4	2015	The Asm/ceramide system triggered the formation of superoxide, resulting in degradation of tight junction proteins followed by lung edema.	Superoxides	51-61	sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1, acid lysosomal	Mus musculus	4-7
25601712-5	2015	Inhibition of catalase abolished not only O2 production from H2O2 degradation, but also NOX2-dependent superoxide production in the podocytes challenged by both H2O2 and acute ethanol.	Superoxides	103-113	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	88-92
25659899-7	2015	Thus, a reversal of factors increasing mitochondrial superoxide and oxidant effects that potentially influence remodeling signaling related to miR204 expression and perhaps iron availability needed for the biosynthesis of heme by the ferrochelatase reaction could be factors in the beneficial actions of ALA in pulmonary hypertension.	Superoxides	53-63	ferrochelatase	Mus musculus	234-248
25377875-6	2015	In addition, beta-cell-specific expression of Klotho decreased intracellular superoxide levels, oxidative damage, apoptosis, and DNAJC3 (a marker for endoplasmic reticulum stress) in pancreatic islets.	Superoxides	77-87	klotho	Mus musculus	46-52
25568324-4	2015	NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2) inhibition, but not Nox4 or Nox1 inhibition, attenuated LPS-induced superoxide formation and Ang2, Tie2, and VEGF-A expression.	Superoxides	91-101	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	0-15
25568324-4	2015	NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2) inhibition, but not Nox4 or Nox1 inhibition, attenuated LPS-induced superoxide formation and Ang2, Tie2, and VEGF-A expression.	Superoxides	91-101	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	17-21
25714339-1	2015	One way that aerobic biological systems counteract the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is with superoxide dismutase proteins SOD1 and SOD2 that metabolize superoxide radicals to molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide or scavenge oxygen radicals produced by the extensive oxidation-reduction and electron-transport reactions that occur in mitochondria.	Superoxides	167-186	Mn superoxide dismutase	Bombyx mori	146-150
28626696-3	2015	We previously developed an O2--generating nanodevice consisting of NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2) and modulated activating factors.	Superoxides	27-29	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	67-82
28626696-3	2015	We previously developed an O2--generating nanodevice consisting of NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2) and modulated activating factors.	Superoxides	27-29	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	84-88
25619203-7	2015	We also provided evidence for Nox2 NADPH oxidase (Nox) activation through gp91dstat-mediated inhibition of superoxide signals.	Superoxides	107-117	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	30-34
25699251-1	2015	The superoxide (O( -) 2)-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes consists of a membrane component, cytochrome b 558 (a heterodimer of Nox2 and p22 (phox) ), and four cytosolic components, p47 (phox) , p67 (phox) , p40 (phox) , and Rac.	Superoxides	4-14	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	98-110
25699251-1	2015	The superoxide (O( -) 2)-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes consists of a membrane component, cytochrome b 558 (a heterodimer of Nox2 and p22 (phox) ), and four cytosolic components, p47 (phox) , p67 (phox) , p40 (phox) , and Rac.	Superoxides	4-14	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	133-137
25483558-9	2015	We also found that levels or immunoreactivities of superoxide anion, 8-hydroxy-2"-deoxyguanosine and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal were significantly decreased in the CA1 of both IPC+sham-operated- and IPC+ischemia-operated groups.	Superoxides	51-67	carbonic anhydrase 1	Homo sapiens	157-160
25420684-7	2015	HLA-DR(+)CD11b(+)CD11c(+)CD163(-) superoxide-producing MDRCs, which stimulated proliferation of autologous T cells, comprised a high fraction of MDRCs in the airways of patients with mild asthma or COPD but not those of healthy control subjects.	Superoxides	34-44	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	9-14
25395306-10	2015	Finally, incubation of the human cardiomyocytes with V122I TTR but not with T119M TTR, generates superoxide species and activates caspase 3/7.	Superoxides	97-107	transthyretin	Homo sapiens	59-62
24628477-2	2015	NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX2) is the major source of neuronal superoxide production in these settings, and regulation of NOX2 activity can thereby influence outcome in stroke.	Superoxides	55-65	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	0-15
24628477-2	2015	NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX2) is the major source of neuronal superoxide production in these settings, and regulation of NOX2 activity can thereby influence outcome in stroke.	Superoxides	55-65	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	17-21
25677087-6	2015	These new mitochondria targeted nitroxides have 3- to 7-fold lower rate constants of the reaction with O2(- ) compared with mitoTEMPO; however, the cellular bioreduction of mCP1 and mCP2 was 3- and 2-fold slower.	Superoxides	103-105	cleft palate 2	Mus musculus	173-177
25677087-6	2015	These new mitochondria targeted nitroxides have 3- to 7-fold lower rate constants of the reaction with O2(- ) compared with mitoTEMPO; however, the cellular bioreduction of mCP1 and mCP2 was 3- and 2-fold slower.	Superoxides	103-105	cleft palate 2	Mus musculus	182-186
25677087-10	2015	mCP1 and mCP2 reduced vascular O2(- ) and prevented decrease of endothelial nitric oxide production.	Superoxides	31-33	cleft palate 2	Mus musculus	0-4
25677087-10	2015	mCP1 and mCP2 reduced vascular O2(- ) and prevented decrease of endothelial nitric oxide production.	Superoxides	31-33	cleft palate 2	Mus musculus	9-13
25536219-2	2014	We found that MMP3 activation causes the induction of Nox1 via mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and subsequently Rac1 activation, eventually leading to Nox1-derived superoxide generation in a rat DA neuronal N27 cells exposed to 6-OHDA.	Superoxides	187-197	matrix metallopeptidase 3	Rattus norvegicus	14-18
25536219-2	2014	We found that MMP3 activation causes the induction of Nox1 via mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and subsequently Rac1 activation, eventually leading to Nox1-derived superoxide generation in a rat DA neuronal N27 cells exposed to 6-OHDA.	Superoxides	187-197	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	54-58
25536219-2	2014	We found that MMP3 activation causes the induction of Nox1 via mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and subsequently Rac1 activation, eventually leading to Nox1-derived superoxide generation in a rat DA neuronal N27 cells exposed to 6-OHDA.	Superoxides	187-197	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	174-178
25501034-4	2014	The initial cold-induced vasoconstriction is mediated via TRPA1-dependent superoxide production that stimulates alpha2C-adrenoceptors and Rho-kinase-mediated MLC phosphorylation, downstream of TRPA1 activation.	Superoxides	74-84	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily A, member 1	Mus musculus	58-63
25501034-4	2014	The initial cold-induced vasoconstriction is mediated via TRPA1-dependent superoxide production that stimulates alpha2C-adrenoceptors and Rho-kinase-mediated MLC phosphorylation, downstream of TRPA1 activation.	Superoxides	74-84	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily A, member 1	Mus musculus	193-198
25043383-2	2014	The inhibition of NOX2-generated superoxide has become an effective strategy for developing disease-modifying therapies for PD.	Superoxides	33-43	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	18-22
25339677-0	2014	DOCK2 and DOCK5 act additively in neutrophils to regulate chemotaxis, superoxide production, and extracellular trap formation.	Superoxides	70-80	dedicator of cytokinesis 5	Mus musculus	10-15
25056956-0	2014	Arachidonic acid induces direct interaction of the p67(phox)-Rac complex with the phagocyte oxidase Nox2, leading to superoxide production.	Superoxides	117-127	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	100-104
25056956-1	2014	The phagocyte NADPH oxidase Nox2, heterodimerized with p22(phox) in the membrane, is dormant in resting cells but becomes activated upon cell stimulation to produce superoxide, a precursor of microbicidal oxidants.	Superoxides	165-175	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	28-32
25056956-6	2014	However, even when constitutively active forms of p47(phox) and Rac1 are both expressed in HeLa cells, superoxide production by Nox2 is scarcely induced in the absence of AA.	Superoxides	103-113	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	64-68
25056956-6	2014	However, even when constitutively active forms of p47(phox) and Rac1 are both expressed in HeLa cells, superoxide production by Nox2 is scarcely induced in the absence of AA.	Superoxides	103-113	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	128-132
25053401-0	2014	FGF23 directly impairs endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation by increasing superoxide levels and reducing nitric oxide bioavailability.	Superoxides	74-84	fibroblast growth factor 23	Mus musculus	0-5
25053401-9	2014	To elucidate a mechanism for the FGF23-induced impairment, we measured superoxide levels in endothelial cells and aortic rings and found that they were increased following FGF23 treatment.	Superoxides	71-81	fibroblast growth factor 23	Mus musculus	33-38
25053401-9	2014	To elucidate a mechanism for the FGF23-induced impairment, we measured superoxide levels in endothelial cells and aortic rings and found that they were increased following FGF23 treatment.	Superoxides	71-81	fibroblast growth factor 23	Mus musculus	172-177
25053401-11	2014	Therefore, our data suggest that FGF23 increases superoxide, inhibits NO bioavailability, and causes endothelial dysfunction in mouse aorta.	Superoxides	49-59	fibroblast growth factor 23	Mus musculus	33-38
24888359-2	2014	Gp91phox contains all of the redox carriers necessary to reduce molecular oxygen to superoxide using NADPH.	Superoxides	84-94	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	0-8
24888359-3	2014	The capacity of gp91phox to produce superoxide in the absence of its membrane partner p22phox has been little studied.	Superoxides	36-46	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	16-24
25081034-10	2014	CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, our data indicate that primary T cells produce extracellular superoxide upon TCR triggering, potentially via NOX2 at the plasma membrane.	Superoxides	88-98	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	136-140
24498891-13	2014	Potential mechanisms mediating the effects of chemerin in the vasculature include eNOS uncoupling, increased O2- generation and reduced GC activity.	Superoxides	109-111	retinoic acid receptor responder 2	Rattus norvegicus	46-54
24834923-6	2014	Modulation of AtZAT6 also positively regulates the accumulation of salicylic acid and reactive oxygen species (hydrogen peroxide and superoxide radical).	Superoxides	133-151	6	Arabidopsis thaliana	14-20
23807430-4	2014	RESULTS: In normal rats, pretreatment with rMnSOD, reduced renal superoxide anion production, induced by the activation of NAPDH oxidase, by 84 % (p &lt; 0.001).	Superoxides	65-81	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	43-49
24499461-3	2014	In vitro experiments revealed that a phosphorylation-mimic mutant of nNOS (Ser847 replaced with aspartic acid, 847D) increased uncoupling to produce a superoxide.	Superoxides	151-161	nitric oxide synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	69-73
24491917-0	2014	A novel receptor cross-talk between the ATP receptor P2Y2 and formyl peptide receptors reactivates desensitized neutrophils to produce superoxide.	Superoxides	135-145	purinergic receptor P2Y2	Homo sapiens	53-57
24713870-8	2014	Berberine also partially reversed the phosphorylation of the catalytic subunit of PP-2A at Tyrosine 307, a crucial site negatively regulating the activity of PP-2A, and reduced the levels of malondialdehyde and the activity of superoxide dismutase, markers of oxidative stress, induced by CA.	Superoxides	227-237	protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit A, alpha	Mus musculus	82-87
24322611-1	2014	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes, including extracellular SOD (ecSOD), are important for scavenging superoxide radicals (O2( -)) in the vasculature.	Superoxides	102-112	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	22-25
24322611-1	2014	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes, including extracellular SOD (ecSOD), are important for scavenging superoxide radicals (O2( -)) in the vasculature.	Superoxides	102-112	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	46-63
24322611-1	2014	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes, including extracellular SOD (ecSOD), are important for scavenging superoxide radicals (O2( -)) in the vasculature.	Superoxides	102-112	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	65-70
24322611-1	2014	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes, including extracellular SOD (ecSOD), are important for scavenging superoxide radicals (O2( -)) in the vasculature.	Superoxides	123-129	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	22-25
24322611-1	2014	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes, including extracellular SOD (ecSOD), are important for scavenging superoxide radicals (O2( -)) in the vasculature.	Superoxides	123-129	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	46-63
24322611-1	2014	Superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes, including extracellular SOD (ecSOD), are important for scavenging superoxide radicals (O2( -)) in the vasculature.	Superoxides	123-129	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	65-70
24316039-7	2014	Moreover, lifespan extension induced by cranberry was partially suppressed by knockdown of SOD2, a major mitochondrial superoxide scavenger.	Superoxides	119-129	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	91-95
24422478-0	2014	Superoxide inhibits guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) action on Ras, but not on Rho, through desensitization of Ras to GEF.	Superoxides	0-10	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	20-54
24422478-0	2014	Superoxide inhibits guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) action on Ras, but not on Rho, through desensitization of Ras to GEF.	Superoxides	0-10	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	56-59
24422478-0	2014	Superoxide inhibits guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) action on Ras, but not on Rho, through desensitization of Ras to GEF.	Superoxides	0-10	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	126-129
24563852-3	2014	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide into hydrogen peroxide which can then be further detoxified by other antioxidant enzymes.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	32-37
24211329-6	2014	We demonstrated that (1) STZ-diabetes impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilatation to ACh to a greater extent in female than male aortae, (2) inhibition of superoxide enhanced sensitivity to ACh only in diabetic females, and (3) Nox1 and Nox4 mRNA expression were significantly elevated only in aortic tissue of diabetic females.	Superoxides	157-167	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	230-234
24211329-6	2014	We demonstrated that (1) STZ-diabetes impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilatation to ACh to a greater extent in female than male aortae, (2) inhibition of superoxide enhanced sensitivity to ACh only in diabetic females, and (3) Nox1 and Nox4 mRNA expression were significantly elevated only in aortic tissue of diabetic females.	Superoxides	157-167	NADPH oxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	239-243
24407242-4	2014	P-JNK plus adenosine 5"-triphosphate (ATP) added to isolated liver mitochondria promoted superoxide production, which was amplified by addition of calcium and inhibited by a blocking peptide corresponding to the JNK binding site on Sab (KIM1).	Superoxides	89-99	hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 1	Homo sapiens	237-241
25038992-5	2014	Recent studies demonstrated that the intracellular PON proteins; PON2 and PON3 (i) are associated with mitochondria and mitochondria-associated membranes, (ii) modulate mitochondria-dependent superoxide production, and (iii) prevent apoptosis.	Superoxides	192-202	paraoxonase 2	Homo sapiens	65-69
25038992-5	2014	Recent studies demonstrated that the intracellular PON proteins; PON2 and PON3 (i) are associated with mitochondria and mitochondria-associated membranes, (ii) modulate mitochondria-dependent superoxide production, and (iii) prevent apoptosis.	Superoxides	192-202	paraoxonase 3	Homo sapiens	74-78
23786249-9	2014	Two missed myocarditis cases from IL-10 prediction were resolved by superoxide ion levels.	Superoxides	68-78	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	34-39
24358134-0	2013	Ras and Rac1, frequently mutated in melanomas, are activated by superoxide anion, modulate Dnmt1 level and are causally related to melanocyte malignant transformation.	Superoxides	64-80	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	8-12
24358134-2	2013	Our group has already showed that increased superoxide level leads to global DNA hypermemethylation as well increased Dnmt1 expression few hours after melanocyte anchorage blockade.	Superoxides	44-54	DNA methyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	118-123
24358134-3	2013	Here, we showed that Ras/Rac1/ERK signaling pathway is activated in melanocytes submitted to anchorage impediment, regulating superoxide levels, global DNA methylation, and Dnmt1 expression.	Superoxides	126-136	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	25-29
24358134-4	2013	Interestingly, Ras and Rac1 activation is not related to codon mutations, but instead regulated by superoxide.	Superoxides	99-109	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	23-27
23832602-2	2013	Superoxide radical-generating menadione and serum deprivation diminished the steady-state mRNA levels for the genes phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), ubiquitin specific peptidase 28 (USP28), damage-regulated autophagy modulator (DRAM), TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR), and cylindromatosis (CYLD).	Superoxides	0-18	ubiquitin specific peptidase 28	Homo sapiens	155-186
23832602-2	2013	Superoxide radical-generating menadione and serum deprivation diminished the steady-state mRNA levels for the genes phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), ubiquitin specific peptidase 28 (USP28), damage-regulated autophagy modulator (DRAM), TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR), and cylindromatosis (CYLD).	Superoxides	0-18	ubiquitin specific peptidase 28	Homo sapiens	188-193
23832602-2	2013	Superoxide radical-generating menadione and serum deprivation diminished the steady-state mRNA levels for the genes phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), ubiquitin specific peptidase 28 (USP28), damage-regulated autophagy modulator (DRAM), TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR), and cylindromatosis (CYLD).	Superoxides	0-18	CYLD lysine 63 deubiquitinase	Homo sapiens	302-317
23832602-2	2013	Superoxide radical-generating menadione and serum deprivation diminished the steady-state mRNA levels for the genes phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), ubiquitin specific peptidase 28 (USP28), damage-regulated autophagy modulator (DRAM), TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR), and cylindromatosis (CYLD).	Superoxides	0-18	CYLD lysine 63 deubiquitinase	Homo sapiens	319-323
23899606-4	2013	Even though oxidative stress is a well-known condition of beta-thal patients, our results indicate that the occurrence of mineralized elastin is associated with a more pronounced redox disequilibrium, as demonstrated by the intracellular increase of anion superoxide and of oxidized proteins and lipids.	Superoxides	256-266	elastin	Homo sapiens	134-141
24340135-1	2013	AIM: To understand the role of mitochondrial-produced superoxide (O2 ( -)) in the regulation of iron-regulatory hormone, hepcidin by alcohol in the liver.	Superoxides	54-64	hepcidin antimicrobial peptide	Mus musculus	121-129
24340135-1	2013	AIM: To understand the role of mitochondrial-produced superoxide (O2 ( -)) in the regulation of iron-regulatory hormone, hepcidin by alcohol in the liver.	Superoxides	66-68	hepcidin antimicrobial peptide	Mus musculus	121-129
24009094-11	2013	The resulting charged radical is kinetically trapped, rather than thermodynamically stabilized (as in most enzymatic semiquinone species), conserving redox energy to drive electron transfer to cytochrome bL while minimizing certain Q-cycle bypass reactions, including oxidation of prereduced cytochrome b and reduction of O2 .	Superoxides	322-324	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	193-205
24004030-16	2013	These reactivities of (L)Cu(II)-OO( ) are different from those of a similar end-on superoxide copper(II) complex supported by a tetradentate TMG3tren ligand (1,1,1-Tris{2-[N(2)-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidino)]ethyl}amine (Maiti et al.	Superoxides	83-93	proline rich and Gla domain 3	Homo sapiens	141-145
22989604-9	2013	Reduced superoxide levels and DCF in the exer+NAC group were associated with decreased Akt, AMPK and eNOS phosphorylation.	Superoxides	8-18	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	101-105
23453926-0	2013	Advanced oxidation protein products induce cardiomyocyte death via Nox2/Rac1/superoxide-dependent TRAF3IP2/JNK signaling.	Superoxides	77-87	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	107-110
23453926-7	2013	The superoxide anion generating xanthine/xanthine oxidase system and hydrogen peroxide both induced TRAF3IP2 expression.	Superoxides	4-20	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	41-57
23453926-12	2013	These results demonstrate for the first time that AOPPs induce cardiomyocyte death via Nox2/Rac1/superoxide-dependent TRAF3IP2/JNK activation in vitro and suggest that AOPPs may contribute to myocardial injury in vivo.	Superoxides	97-107	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	127-130
23817296-5	2013	Palmitic acid induced superoxide production through NADPH oxidase and GPR40-dependent pathways and the stimulation of insulin secretion in the presence of a high glucose concentration was reduced by knockdown of GPR40 using siRNA.	Superoxides	22-32	free fatty acid receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	70-75
23817296-5	2013	Palmitic acid induced superoxide production through NADPH oxidase and GPR40-dependent pathways and the stimulation of insulin secretion in the presence of a high glucose concentration was reduced by knockdown of GPR40 using siRNA.	Superoxides	22-32	free fatty acid receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	212-217
23520167-4	2013	Absence of T-box expressed in T cells (T-bet), the IFN-gamma transcription factor encoded by Tbx21, reduced vascular superoxide and peroxynitrite formation and attenuated expression of nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase subunits as well as inducible NO synthase, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, and interleukin-12 in aortas of ATII-infused mice.	Superoxides	117-127	T-box 21	Mus musculus	39-44
23349484-5	2013	siRNA-mediated knockdown of Nox2, which was specifically elevated in insulin-resistant endothelial cells, significantly reduced superoxide levels.	Superoxides	128-138	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	28-32
23741359-14	2013	The impact appears to be mediated by effects on superoxide production in the kidney, impacting downstream mediators such as monocyte chemotactic protein-1.	Superoxides	48-58	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2	Mus musculus	124-154
23613809-4	2013	Subsequent studies demonstrated that the electrotaxis of glioma cells were abolished by the superoxide inhibitor N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) or overexpression of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), but was not affected by inhibition of hydrogen peroxide through the overexpression of catalase.	Superoxides	92-102	X-linked Kx blood group	Homo sapiens	134-137
23559014-2	2013	Excitotoxic neuronal death results in part from superoxide produced by neuronal NADPH oxidase (NOX2), but how NMDA receptors are coupled to neuronal NOX2 activation is not well understood.	Superoxides	48-58	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	95-99
23456281-4	2013	The generation of superoxides during the oxidation of phenylhydrazine by tyrosinase was monitored by nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) assay.	Superoxides	18-29	tyrosinase	Homo sapiens	73-83
23456281-5	2013	In the phenylhydrazine-tyrosinase reaction, 1 mol O2 was required for the production of 1 mol phenol and 1/6 mol superoxide.	Superoxides	50-52	tyrosinase	Homo sapiens	23-33
23456281-5	2013	In the phenylhydrazine-tyrosinase reaction, 1 mol O2 was required for the production of 1 mol phenol and 1/6 mol superoxide.	Superoxides	113-123	tyrosinase	Homo sapiens	23-33
23531539-4	2013	AOX activity can control the level of potential mitochondrial signaling molecules such as superoxide, nitric oxide and important redox couples.	Superoxides	90-100	acyl-CoA oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
24961316-5	2013	Angiogenic blood vessels 3 and 7 days post-stroke were observed to co-localise with both Nox2 antibody and dihydroethidium fluorescence suggesting a role for Nox2 generated superoxide during the phase of vascular remodeling, whilst Nox4 expression was detected once new cerebral vessels had formed.	Superoxides	173-183	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	158-162
23832357-5	2013	Additionally, markedly enhanced expression of p22(phox) and temporally increased expression of NADPH oxidase1 indicated that superoxide was produced.	Superoxides	125-135	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	95-109
22997160-8	2013	Moreover, Sca-1(pos) CPCs isolated from hearts of diabetic mice displayed reduced activity of key enzymes of the pentose phosphate pathway, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), and transketolase, increased levels of superoxide and advanced glucose end-products (AGE), and inhibition of the Akt/Pim-1/Bcl-2 signalling pathway.	Superoxides	221-231	lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus A	Mus musculus	10-15
24033955-2	2013	The P22phox subunit of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAPDH) oxidase, encoded by the cytochrome b245a polypeptide gene, CYBA, plays a key role in superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	160-176	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	99-111
23123338-9	2013	In particular, 1 presents significant inhibitory activity on LOX, with IC(50)=30 muM and selectivity to the inhibition of superoxide anion radicals and thus a promising candidate as a superoxide dismutase (SOD) biomimetic.	Superoxides	122-147	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	61-64
24072958-5	2013	We found that fluoride increased JNK phosphorylation level of BV-2 cells and pretreatment with JNK inhibitor SP600125 markedly reduced the levels of intracellular O2( -) and NO.	Superoxides	163-165	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	95-98
22983620-2	2013	Among three isozymes of superoxide dismutase (SOD), extracellular (EC)-SOD should play a role to detoxify O(2)(-) in extracellular space; however, a little is known about EC-SOD in brain.	Superoxides	106-110	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	52-74
24066190-9	2013	Mitochondria are the main source of superoxide radicals, which are converted to H2O2 through two superoxide dismutases, Sod1 and Sod2.	Superoxides	36-46	superoxide dismutase SOD2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	129-133
23300486-3	2013	AOX thus provides a bypath that releases constraints on the cytochrome pathway and prevents the over-reduction of the ubiquinone pool, a major source of superoxide.	Superoxides	153-163	acyl-Coenzyme A oxidase 1, palmitoyl	Mus musculus	0-3
23300486-5	2013	Thus, preventing RC blockade and excess superoxide production by means of AOX should be of considerable interest.	Superoxides	40-50	acyl-Coenzyme A oxidase 1, palmitoyl	Mus musculus	74-77
23091050-6	2012	Although inhibitors of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) or NOX2 NADPH oxidase caused a similar reduction in myocardial O(2)( -), only XOR inhibition reduced eNOS S-glutathionylation and Ser-1177 phosphorylation and restored both eNOS coupled activity and the negative inotropic and [Ca(2+)](i) transient response to beta(3)-AR stimulation in nNOS(-/-) mice.	Superoxides	116-120	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	23-46
23091050-6	2012	Although inhibitors of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) or NOX2 NADPH oxidase caused a similar reduction in myocardial O(2)( -), only XOR inhibition reduced eNOS S-glutathionylation and Ser-1177 phosphorylation and restored both eNOS coupled activity and the negative inotropic and [Ca(2+)](i) transient response to beta(3)-AR stimulation in nNOS(-/-) mice.	Superoxides	116-120	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	48-51
23091050-7	2012	In summary, our data show that increased O(2)( -) production by XOR selectively uncouples eNOS activity and abolishes the negative inotropic effect of beta(3)-AR stimulation in nNOS(-/-) myocytes.	Superoxides	41-45	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	64-67
23124204-4	2012	We report a detailed examination of H(2)O(2) production during glycerol 3-phosphate oxidation by skeletal muscle, brown fat, brain, and heart mitochondria with an emphasis on conditions under which mGPDH itself is the source of superoxide and H(2)O(2).	Superoxides	228-238	glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	198-203
23124204-6	2012	When complex II is inhibited and mGPDH is the sole superoxide producer, the rate of superoxide production depends on the concentrations of glycerol 3-phosphate and calcium and correlates positively with the predicted reduction state of the ubiquinone pool.	Superoxides	51-61	glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	33-38
23124204-6	2012	When complex II is inhibited and mGPDH is the sole superoxide producer, the rate of superoxide production depends on the concentrations of glycerol 3-phosphate and calcium and correlates positively with the predicted reduction state of the ubiquinone pool.	Superoxides	84-94	glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	33-38
23124204-7	2012	mGPDH-specific superoxide production plateaus at a rate comparable with the other major sites of superoxide production in mitochondria, the superoxide-producing center shows no sign of being overreducible, and the maximum superoxide production rate correlates with mGPDH activity in four different tissues.	Superoxides	15-25	glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	0-5
23124204-7	2012	mGPDH-specific superoxide production plateaus at a rate comparable with the other major sites of superoxide production in mitochondria, the superoxide-producing center shows no sign of being overreducible, and the maximum superoxide production rate correlates with mGPDH activity in four different tissues.	Superoxides	97-107	glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	0-5
23124204-7	2012	mGPDH-specific superoxide production plateaus at a rate comparable with the other major sites of superoxide production in mitochondria, the superoxide-producing center shows no sign of being overreducible, and the maximum superoxide production rate correlates with mGPDH activity in four different tissues.	Superoxides	97-107	glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	0-5
23124204-7	2012	mGPDH-specific superoxide production plateaus at a rate comparable with the other major sites of superoxide production in mitochondria, the superoxide-producing center shows no sign of being overreducible, and the maximum superoxide production rate correlates with mGPDH activity in four different tissues.	Superoxides	97-107	glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	0-5
23124204-8	2012	mGPDH produces superoxide approximately equally toward each side of the mitochondrial inner membrane, suggesting that the Q-binding pocket of mGPDH is the major site of superoxide generation.	Superoxides	15-25	glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	0-5
23124204-8	2012	mGPDH produces superoxide approximately equally toward each side of the mitochondrial inner membrane, suggesting that the Q-binding pocket of mGPDH is the major site of superoxide generation.	Superoxides	15-25	glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	142-147
23124204-8	2012	mGPDH produces superoxide approximately equally toward each side of the mitochondrial inner membrane, suggesting that the Q-binding pocket of mGPDH is the major site of superoxide generation.	Superoxides	169-179	glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	0-5
23124204-8	2012	mGPDH produces superoxide approximately equally toward each side of the mitochondrial inner membrane, suggesting that the Q-binding pocket of mGPDH is the major site of superoxide generation.	Superoxides	169-179	glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	142-147
23124204-9	2012	These results clarify the maximum rate and mechanism of superoxide production by mGPDH.	Superoxides	56-66	glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	81-86
22280420-9	2012	Role of cytokines such as TNF-alpha, IL-17 or IL-6 and their links to superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production are discussed.	Superoxides	70-80	interleukin 17A	Homo sapiens	37-42
22687340-4	2012	RESULTS: In isolated mitochondria and primary hepatocytes, superoxide scavenging by SOD mimetics or purified SOD decreased superoxide and peroxynitrite generation but increased H(2)O(2) following mGSH depletion, despite mitochondrial peroxiredoxin/thioredoxin defense.	Superoxides	59-69	thioredoxin 1	Mus musculus	248-259
22687340-6	2012	Mice fed the methionine-choline deficient (MCD) diet or MAT1A(-/-) mice exhibited reduced SOD2 activity; in vivo treatment with SOD mimetics increased liver damage, inflammation, and fibrosis, despite a decreased superoxide and 3-nitrotyrosine immunoreactivity, effects that were ameliorated by mGSH replenishment with GSHee, but not NAC.	Superoxides	213-223	methionine adenosyltransferase I, alpha	Mus musculus	56-61
22823229-4	2012	We found that costimulation with TGFbeta1 decreased IFNgamma-induced phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-type-1 (STAT1) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), which correlated with a reduced O(2) (-) and NO  production in mixed and purified glial cultures.	Superoxides	233-237	signal transducer and activator of transcription 1	Homo sapiens	88-143
22823229-4	2012	We found that costimulation with TGFbeta1 decreased IFNgamma-induced phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-type-1 (STAT1) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), which correlated with a reduced O(2) (-) and NO  production in mixed and purified glial cultures.	Superoxides	233-237	signal transducer and activator of transcription 1	Homo sapiens	145-150
22740163-2	2012	Among three isozymes of superoxide dismutase (SOD), extracellular (EC)-SOD, known to be excreted outside cells and bound to extracellular matrix, should play a role to detoxify O(2) (-) in extracellular space; however, a little is known about EC-SOD in brain.	Superoxides	177-181	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	52-74
22740163-2	2012	Among three isozymes of superoxide dismutase (SOD), extracellular (EC)-SOD, known to be excreted outside cells and bound to extracellular matrix, should play a role to detoxify O(2) (-) in extracellular space; however, a little is known about EC-SOD in brain.	Superoxides	177-181	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	243-249
22740163-8	2012	These results suggest that EC-SOD of astrocyte play a role for detoxification of extracellular O(2) (-) and the regulation of EC-SOD in astrocytes may contribute to the defensive mechanism against oxidative stress in brain.	Superoxides	95-99	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	27-33
22925659-5	2012	Nox2- and Nox4-specific siRNAs suppressed H2O2 and superoxide generation.	Superoxides	51-61	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	0-4
22829592-8	2012	These results demonstrate that Fe(2+)-generated O(2)() mediates p21(ras) and TAK1 activation via PTP inhibition and Lys(63)-polyUb of TRAF6 in caveosomes for proinflammatory M1 activation in HM.	Superoxides	48-52	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	64-67
22829592-8	2012	These results demonstrate that Fe(2+)-generated O(2)() mediates p21(ras) and TAK1 activation via PTP inhibition and Lys(63)-polyUb of TRAF6 in caveosomes for proinflammatory M1 activation in HM.	Superoxides	48-52	mitogen activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7	Rattus norvegicus	77-81
22829592-8	2012	These results demonstrate that Fe(2+)-generated O(2)() mediates p21(ras) and TAK1 activation via PTP inhibition and Lys(63)-polyUb of TRAF6 in caveosomes for proinflammatory M1 activation in HM.	Superoxides	48-52	TNF receptor associated factor 6	Rattus norvegicus	134-139
22441669-0	2012	PON3 is upregulated in cancer tissues and protects against mitochondrial superoxide-mediated cell death.	Superoxides	73-83	paraoxonase 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
22441669-8	2012	PON3 is found overexpressed in various human tumors and diminishes mitochondrial superoxide formation.	Superoxides	81-91	paraoxonase 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
23112419-4	2012	Moreover, BA significantly inhibited the increase of ROS level, as well as the decrease of NO level, the endothelial NOS (eNOS) activity, and the SOD activity in aortas induced by pyrogallol-derived superoxide anion.	Superoxides	199-215	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	105-120
22815290-6	2012	3BP2 is required for optimal activation of Src family kinases, small GTPase Rac2, neutrophil superoxide anion production, and for Listeria monocytogenes bacterial clearance in vivo.	Superoxides	93-109	SH3-domain binding protein 2	Mus musculus	0-4
22700772-14	2012	In conclusion, nNOS contributed to vascular relaxation in young, but not aging rats, where its enzymatic function shifted toward superoxide production.	Superoxides	129-139	nitric oxide synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	15-19
22562603-3	2012	The primordial ROS (superoxide) is generated by the reduction of molecular oxygen by NADPH via redox centers located on Nox2.	Superoxides	20-30	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	120-124
22573891-0	2012	GBF1 bears a novel phosphatidylinositol-phosphate binding module, BP3K, to link PI3Kgamma activity with Arf1 activation involved in GPCR-mediated neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide production.	Superoxides	172-182	golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
22573891-0	2012	GBF1 bears a novel phosphatidylinositol-phosphate binding module, BP3K, to link PI3Kgamma activity with Arf1 activation involved in GPCR-mediated neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide production.	Superoxides	172-182	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	104-108
22573891-2	2012	GIT2, a GTPase-activating protein for Arf1, forms a complex with Gbetagamma and is integral for directional sensing and suppression of superoxide production.	Superoxides	135-145	GIT ArfGAP 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
22573891-2	2012	GIT2, a GTPase-activating protein for Arf1, forms a complex with Gbetagamma and is integral for directional sensing and suppression of superoxide production.	Superoxides	135-145	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	38-42
22573891-3	2012	Here we show that GBF1, a guanine nucleotide exchanging factor for Arf-GTPases, is primarily responsible for Arf1 activation upon GPCR stimulation and is important for neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide production.	Superoxides	194-204	golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	18-22
22237943-2	2012	Abeta induces the inflammatory activation of glia, inducing secretion of Interleukin 1beta (IL1beta), nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	124-134	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
22802702-4	2012	Tat-mediated p66shc transduction showed increased hydrogen peroxide and superoxide production, compared with Tat-p66shc (S/A), serine 36 residue mutant of p66shc.	Superoxides	72-82	src homology 2 domain-containing transforming protein C1	Mus musculus	13-19
22335598-0	2012	Ligand-activated PPARdelta inhibits UVB-induced senescence of human keratinocytes via PTEN-mediated inhibition of superoxide production.	Superoxides	114-124	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta	Homo sapiens	17-26
22431727-9	2012	The abundance of LHCBM1 and LHCBM2/7 is in both cases correlated with resistance to superoxide anion, whereas only LHCBM1 is also involved in singlet oxygen scavenging.	Superoxides	84-100	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	28-36
22130631-1	2012	BACKGROUND: Mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) converts superoxide anion into H(2)O(2), which is neutralized sequentially by either catalase (CAT) or glutathione peroxidase 1 (Gpx 1) into water or converted into highly reactive hypochlorous acid by myeloperoxidase (MPO).	Superoxides	74-90	glutathione peroxidase 1	Homo sapiens	168-192
22130631-1	2012	BACKGROUND: Mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) converts superoxide anion into H(2)O(2), which is neutralized sequentially by either catalase (CAT) or glutathione peroxidase 1 (Gpx 1) into water or converted into highly reactive hypochlorous acid by myeloperoxidase (MPO).	Superoxides	74-90	glutathione peroxidase 1	Homo sapiens	194-199
22293404-4	2012	Surprisingly, both CycD/Cdk4 addition and loss of function increase mitochondrial superoxide production and decrease lifespan, indicating that an imbalance in mitobiogenesis may lead to oxidative stress and aging.	Superoxides	82-92	Cyclin D	Drosophila melanogaster	19-23
22293404-4	2012	Surprisingly, both CycD/Cdk4 addition and loss of function increase mitochondrial superoxide production and decrease lifespan, indicating that an imbalance in mitobiogenesis may lead to oxidative stress and aging.	Superoxides	82-92	Cyclin-dependent kinase 4	Drosophila melanogaster	24-28
21721906-4	2012	METHODS: Intraperitoneal administration of CCl4 induces intracellular superoxide anions production in mouse macrophages and peripheral blood lymphocytes and leads a subsequent lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation.	Superoxides	70-87	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4	Mus musculus	43-47
23080136-3	2012	HIF-1 activates transcription of the Nox2 gene, encoding NADPH oxidase 2, which generates superoxide.	Superoxides	90-100	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	37-41
23080136-3	2012	HIF-1 activates transcription of the Nox2 gene, encoding NADPH oxidase 2, which generates superoxide.	Superoxides	90-100	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	57-72
22041456-0	2012	Genomic instability induced by mutant succinate dehydrogenase subunit D (SDHD) is mediated by O2(- ) and H2O2.	Superoxides	94-96	succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit D	Homo sapiens	38-71
22041456-0	2012	Genomic instability induced by mutant succinate dehydrogenase subunit D (SDHD) is mediated by O2(- ) and H2O2.	Superoxides	94-96	succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit D	Homo sapiens	73-77
22041456-3	2012	Stable expression of mutant SDHD resulted in 2-fold increases in steady-state levels of superoxide that were accompanied by a significantly increased mutation rate as well as a 70-fold increase in mutation frequency at the hprt locus.	Superoxides	88-98	succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit D	Homo sapiens	28-32
22041456-7	2012	These results demonstrate that mutations in SDHD cause increased steady-state levels of superoxide which significantly contributed to increases in mutation rates and frequency mediated by superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	88-98	succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit D	Homo sapiens	44-48
22041456-7	2012	These results demonstrate that mutations in SDHD cause increased steady-state levels of superoxide which significantly contributed to increases in mutation rates and frequency mediated by superoxide and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	188-198	succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit D	Homo sapiens	44-48
22062629-4	2012	Because of its subcellular localization, SOD2 is considered the first line of defense against oxidative stress and plays a central role in metabolizing superoxide.	Superoxides	152-162	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	41-45
22062629-5	2012	Because mitochondria are the most important sources of superoxide anion, we speculated that SOD2 may have therapeutic benefits in preventing vascular remodeling.	Superoxides	55-71	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	92-96
22062629-9	2012	SOD2 exerts its inhibitory effect on VSMC migration induced by angiotensin II by scavenging superoxide anion and suppressing the phosphorylation of Akt.	Superoxides	92-108	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
21965300-6	2012	Over-expression of wild-type GDAP1, but not of GDAP1 with recessively inherited mutations that cause disease and reduce fission activity, increased the total cellular GHS content and the mitochondrial membrane potential up to a level where it apparently limits mitochondrial respiration, leading to reduced mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake and superoxide production.	Superoxides	339-349	ganglioside-induced differentiation-associated-protein 1	Mus musculus	29-34
22848833-0	2012	Chronic C-Type Natriuretic Peptide Infusion Attenuates Angiotensin II-Induced Myocardial Superoxide Production and Cardiac Remodeling.	Superoxides	89-99	natriuretic peptide type C	Mus musculus	8-34
22848833-2	2012	C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is an endothelium-derived cardioprotective factor, although its effect on cardiac superoxide generation has not been investigated in vivo.	Superoxides	115-125	natriuretic peptide type C	Mus musculus	0-26
22848833-2	2012	C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is an endothelium-derived cardioprotective factor, although its effect on cardiac superoxide generation has not been investigated in vivo.	Superoxides	115-125	natriuretic peptide type C	Mus musculus	28-31
22848833-3	2012	This study tested the hypothesis that suppression of superoxide production contributes to the cardioprotective action of CNP.	Superoxides	53-63	natriuretic peptide type C	Mus musculus	121-124
22848833-10	2012	Finally, CNP decreased Ang II-induced cardiac superoxide production.	Superoxides	46-56	natriuretic peptide type C	Mus musculus	9-12
22848833-12	2012	Our data indicate that treatment with CNP attenuated Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and contractile dysfunction which were accompanied by reduced cardiac superoxide production.	Superoxides	169-179	natriuretic peptide type C	Mus musculus	38-41
22693564-0	2012	Human stanniocalcin-1 suppresses angiotensin II-induced superoxide generation in cardiomyocytes through UCP3-mediated anti-oxidant pathway.	Superoxides	56-66	uncoupling protein 3	Homo sapiens	104-108
22442695-7	2012	CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: We conclude that formation of peroxynitrite by a reaction between superoxide anion generated by NADPH oxidase in RVLM on activation by AT1R and NOS II-derived NO leads to a reduction in baroreflex-mediated sympathetic vasomotor tone during experimental TLSE; to be ameliorated by the upregulated BDNF/TrkB signaling via inhibition of p47(phox) phosphorylation.	Superoxides	92-108	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	322-326
22359684-9	2012	Mitochondrial content of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K), a nucleic acid binding protein involved in regulating mRNA transportation and stabilization, was significantly enhanced by adiponectin, which also evoked a transient elevation of mitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	271-281	heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K	Mus musculus	25-66
22359684-9	2012	Mitochondrial content of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K), a nucleic acid binding protein involved in regulating mRNA transportation and stabilization, was significantly enhanced by adiponectin, which also evoked a transient elevation of mitochondrial superoxide.	Superoxides	271-281	heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K	Mus musculus	68-75
22359684-11	2012	CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Mitochondrial superoxide production stimulated by adiponectin serves as a trigger to initiate the translocation of hnRNP K, which in turn promotes UCP2 expressions in liver.	Superoxides	40-50	heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K	Mus musculus	141-148
23139859-5	2012	The mechanism involved impaired early neutrophil recruitment to the liver with Fpr1 and Fpr2 being sole receptors for neutrophils to sense Listeria chemoattractant signals and for production of bactericidal superoxide.	Superoxides	207-217	formyl peptide receptor 2	Mus musculus	88-92
22174146-6	2011	Similarly, an increase in superoxide anion promoted by an equipotent dose of aldosterone (10 nmol l(-1)) was blocked by spironolactone or eplerenone, by preventing epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation, but not by inhibiting glucocorticoid receptors or protein synthesis, suggesting non-genomic MR effects.	Superoxides	26-42	epidermal growth factor receptor	Rattus norvegicus	164-196
21681764-6	2011	Higher polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity and total phenolic content were found in MC, dry CR (DCR) and asymptomatic tissue of wet CR (asympWCR) fruits than in healthy fruits, as well as significantly higher catalase and peroxidase activities in DCR and symptomatic tissue of WCR (sympWCR) fruits respectively, while asympWCR fruits showed a marked increase in malondialdehyde content, membrane permeability and superoxide production and a significant decrease in superoxide dismutase activity.	Superoxides	411-421	polyphenol oxidase, chloroplastic	Malus domestica	27-30
22102021-1	2011	The manganese-specific superoxide dismutase SOD2 from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a protein that resides in the mitochondrion and protects it against attack by superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	23-33	superoxide dismutase SOD2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	44-48
22102021-6	2011	Additionally, the surface-potential distribution of SOD2 revealed a conserved positively charged electrostatic zone in the proximity of the active site that probably functions in the same way as in Cu/Zn-SODs by facilitating the diffusion of the superoxide anion to the metal ion.	Superoxides	246-262	superoxide dismutase SOD2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	52-56
21803946-5	2011	Acute preincubation with ANG-(1-7) and chronic infusion of ANG-(1-7) ameliorated the elevated superoxide levels in rats fed a high-salt diet, but the expression of Cu/Zn SOD and Mn SOD enzyme proteins in the vessel wall was unaffected by ANG-(1-7) infusion.	Superoxides	94-104	angiogenin	Rattus norvegicus	25-33
21803946-5	2011	Acute preincubation with ANG-(1-7) and chronic infusion of ANG-(1-7) ameliorated the elevated superoxide levels in rats fed a high-salt diet, but the expression of Cu/Zn SOD and Mn SOD enzyme proteins in the vessel wall was unaffected by ANG-(1-7) infusion.	Superoxides	94-104	angiogenin	Rattus norvegicus	59-67
21803946-5	2011	Acute preincubation with ANG-(1-7) and chronic infusion of ANG-(1-7) ameliorated the elevated superoxide levels in rats fed a high-salt diet, but the expression of Cu/Zn SOD and Mn SOD enzyme proteins in the vessel wall was unaffected by ANG-(1-7) infusion.	Superoxides	94-104	angiogenin	Rattus norvegicus	59-67
21789481-6	2011	Finally, we established novel RGM1 cells that overexpressed manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), which removes superoxide from mitochondria, and examined the effect of acid treatment on cellular membrane lipid peroxidation.	Superoxides	70-80	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	92-97
21704706-3	2011	However, at lower doses, morphinans exert anti-inflammatory activities through the inhibition of NOX2-dependent superoxide production in activated microglia.	Superoxides	112-122	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	97-101
21376054-4	2011	Further, Ang-II induced WISP1 was superoxide-dependent, and inhibited by DPI, an inhibitor of NADPH oxidases, and by knockdown of NOX2.	Superoxides	34-44	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	130-134
21293310-10	2011	Selective nNOS inhibition with L-VNIO attenuated cardiac superoxide production and limited remodeling, leading to improved diastolic function in OVX mRen2.Lewis rats.	Superoxides	57-67	nitric oxide synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	10-14
21079197-12	2011	Increased NADPH oxidase activity is associated with increased superoxide production and lipid peroxidation.	Superoxides	62-72	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	10-15
21383306-3	2011	The present study examined the hypothesis that HO-1 induction in a rat model of placental ischemia would beneficially affect blood pressure, angiogenic balance, superoxide, and endothelin 1 production in the ischemic placenta.	Superoxides	161-171	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	47-51
21383306-7	2011	Placental superoxide increased in RUPP (952.5+-278.8 versus 243.9+-70.5 relative light units/min per milligram) but was significantly attenuated by HO-1 induction (482.7+-117.4 relative light units/min per milligram).	Superoxides	10-20	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	148-152
20920494-5	2011	LPS-induced ICAM-1 and IL-8 expression was associated with increased superoxide formation in AEC.	Superoxides	69-79	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	12-18
20708598-0	2011	Characterization of superoxide overproduction by the D-Loop(Nox4)-Nox2 cytochrome b(558) in phagocytes-Differential sensitivity to calcium and phosphorylation events.	Superoxides	20-30	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	66-70
20708598-0	2011	Characterization of superoxide overproduction by the D-Loop(Nox4)-Nox2 cytochrome b(558) in phagocytes-Differential sensitivity to calcium and phosphorylation events.	Superoxides	20-30	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	71-83
20708598-2	2011	It becomes active when membrane-bound cytochrome b(558), the redox core, is assembled with cytosolic p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and rac proteins to produce superoxide, the precursor for generation of toxic reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	162-172	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	38-50
20708598-3	2011	In a previous study, we demonstrated that the potential second intracellular loop of Nox2 was essential to maintaining NADPH oxidase activity by controlling electron transfer from FAD to O(2).	Superoxides	187-191	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	85-89
20708598-4	2011	Moreover, replacement of this loop by the Nox4-D-loop (D-loop(Nox4)-Nox2) in PLB-985 cells induced superoxide overproduction.	Superoxides	99-109	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	68-72
20708598-10	2011	The superoxide overproduction of the D-loop(Nox4)-Nox2 mutant may come from a change of responsiveness to intracellular Ca(2+) level and to phosphorylation events during oxidase activation.	Superoxides	4-14	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	50-54
21114366-11	2011	Taken together, these data suggest that adiponectin is an adipokine that suppresses platelet aggregation by enhancing eNOS activation and attenuating oxidative/nitrative stress including blocking iNOS expression and superoxide production.	Superoxides	216-226	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Rattus norvegicus	40-51
21909393-1	2011	BACKGROUND: Extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3), which dismutates superoxide anion to hydrogen peroxide, has been shown to reduce the free radical stress derived apoptosis in tissue injuries.	Superoxides	72-88	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	48-52
21909393-7	2011	CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE: The study shows the complexity of SOD3-derived effects on tissue injury recovery that are not limited to the reduction of superoxide anion caused cellular stress but highlights the impact of SOD3 related signal transduction on tissue functions and suggests an important role for SOD3 in attenuating cell stress effects in different pathological conditions.	Superoxides	152-168	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	64-68
21172066-4	2010	Moreover NGAL levels increase in correlation with the age, and showed a significantly correlation between the increase with the severity of disease.DS is characterized by an enhancement of gene production such as GART, SOD-1 and CBS that encode specific protein and enzyme involved in hydrogen peroxide and superoxide production, species highly cytotoxic implicated in inflammation and ageing.NGAL may have the potential application to ameliorate the toxicity induced by oxidative stress conditions such as Alzheimer"s disease, thalassemia, cardiovascular disease, burn injury, transplantation, diabetes, and aging.	Superoxides	307-317	lipocalin 2	Homo sapiens	9-13
20814019-0	2010	Transcriptional upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in rostral ventrolateral medulla by angiotensin II: significance in superoxide homeostasis and neural regulation of arterial pressure.	Superoxides	134-144	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	32-65
20814019-3	2010	OBJECTIVE: We assessed the hypothesis that BDNF plays an active role in oxidative stress-associated neurogenic hypertension by maintaining superoxide anion (O-(.	Superoxides	139-155	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	43-47
20656887-3	2010	Chronic ANG-(1-7) infusion significantly reduced vascular superoxide levels and restored the nitric oxide-dependent dilation to ACh (10(-10)-10(-5) M) that was lost in MCAs of rats fed a HS diet.	Superoxides	58-68	angiogenin	Rattus norvegicus	8-11
20599945-3	2010	In MCF-7 breast cancer cells, increased formation of autophagic vacuoles after inactivation of BRCA1 by siRNAs is associated with an increase in reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	178-194	BRCA1 DNA repair associated	Homo sapiens	95-100
20493824-0	2010	Tiam1/Rac1 signaling pathway mediates palmitate-induced, ceramide-sensitive generation of superoxides and lipid peroxides and the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in pancreatic beta-cells.	Superoxides	90-101	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
20493824-9	2010	Together, our findings suggest that Tiam1/Rac1 signaling pathway regulates PA-induced, CER-dependent superoxide generation and mitochondrial dysfunction in pancreatic beta-cells.	Superoxides	101-111	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Rattus norvegicus	36-41
20600837-9	2010	At 24h, UCP5 overexpression preserved MMP, ATP levels, and cell survival; attenuated superoxide generation; and maintained oxidative phosphorylation as indicated by lower lactate levels.	Superoxides	85-95	solute carrier family 25 member 14	Homo sapiens	8-12
20621841-3	2010	CKII inhibition by treatment with CKII inhibitor or CKIIalpha small-interfering RNA (siRNA) increased intracellular hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion levels.	Superoxides	138-154	casein kinase 2 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	52-61
20448043-6	2010	via AT1and PKC alpha-dependent NADPH oxidase activation.In rat TALs, 1 nM Ang II stimulated O2.	Superoxides	92-94	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	11-20
20448043-14	2010	A general PKC inhibitor, GF109203X, blocked the effect of Ang II on O2(1.47 +/- .21 versus 2.72 +/- .47 nmol/min/mg with Ang II alone; p &lt; 0.03).	Superoxides	68-70	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	10-13
20448043-15	2010	A PKCalpha- and ss-selective inhibitor, Go6976, also blocked the stimulatory effect of Ang II on O2.	Superoxides	97-99	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	2-10
19733484-7	2010	Finally, p22-phox and p47-phox, key players in the superoxide-generating NAD(P)H oxidase, were also up-regulated by reduced compliance.	Superoxides	51-61	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	22-30
19819434-2	2010	The G6PD inhibitor DHEA and the inhibitors of NADPH oxidase apocynin and diphenylene iodonium (DPI) prevented both superoxide generation and capacitation in human spermatozoa, but whereas DPI and DHEA inhibited PPP, apocynin did not influence it, suggesting that PPP activation during capacitation is not a response to increased oxidative stress but exerts a role by supplying reducing equivalents to oxygen.	Superoxides	115-125	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	4-8
20346917-0	2010	Curcumin dramatically enhances retinoic acid-induced superoxide generating activity via accumulation of p47-phox and p67-phox proteins in U937 cells.	Superoxides	53-63	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	104-112
20346917-1	2010	The membrane bound cytochrome b558 composed of large gp91-phox and small p22-phox subunits, and cytosolic proteins p40-, p47- and p67-phox are important components of superoxide (O(2)(-))-generating system in phagocytes and B lymphocytes.	Superoxides	167-177	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	19-31
20346917-1	2010	The membrane bound cytochrome b558 composed of large gp91-phox and small p22-phox subunits, and cytosolic proteins p40-, p47- and p67-phox are important components of superoxide (O(2)(-))-generating system in phagocytes and B lymphocytes.	Superoxides	167-177	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	53-62
20346917-1	2010	The membrane bound cytochrome b558 composed of large gp91-phox and small p22-phox subunits, and cytosolic proteins p40-, p47- and p67-phox are important components of superoxide (O(2)(-))-generating system in phagocytes and B lymphocytes.	Superoxides	179-182	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	19-31
20346917-1	2010	The membrane bound cytochrome b558 composed of large gp91-phox and small p22-phox subunits, and cytosolic proteins p40-, p47- and p67-phox are important components of superoxide (O(2)(-))-generating system in phagocytes and B lymphocytes.	Superoxides	179-182	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	53-62
20346917-7	2010	These results suggested that curcumin dramatically enhances RA-induced O(2)(-)-generating activity via accumulation of cytosolic p47-phox and p67-phox proteins in U937 cells.	Superoxides	71-78	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	129-137
20172962-3	2010	However, here we show that DHEAS, but not DHEA, increases superoxide generation in primed human neutrophils in a dose-dependent fashion, thereby impacting on a key bactericidal mechanism.	Superoxides	58-68	sulfotransferase family 2A member 1	Homo sapiens	27-32
20172962-7	2010	Enhanced PKC-beta activation by DHEAS resulted in increased phosphorylation of p47(phox), a crucial component of the active reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate complex responsible for neutrophil superoxide generation.	Superoxides	211-221	sulfotransferase family 2A member 1	Homo sapiens	32-37
20172962-8	2010	Our results demonstrate that PKC-beta acts as an intracellular receptor for DHEAS in human neutrophils, a signaling mechanism entirely distinct from the role of DHEA as sex steroid precursor and with important implications for immunesenescence, which includes reduced neutrophil superoxide generation in response to pathogens.	Superoxides	279-289	sulfotransferase family 2A member 1	Homo sapiens	76-81
19942609-9	2010	Moreover, beclin-1 gene expression was directly dependent on POX catalytic activity, namely the generation of POX-dependent superoxide.	Superoxides	124-134	beclin 1	Homo sapiens	10-18
20379047-11	2010	These results suggest that the main source of superoxide by metabolic stimuli is cardiac myocytes and Mn-SOD is a scavenger from superoxide to H(2)O(2).	Superoxides	46-56	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	102-108
20379047-11	2010	These results suggest that the main source of superoxide by metabolic stimuli is cardiac myocytes and Mn-SOD is a scavenger from superoxide to H(2)O(2).	Superoxides	129-139	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	102-108
19946124-0	2010	Beta-actin association with endothelial nitric-oxide synthase modulates nitric oxide and superoxide generation from the enzyme.	Superoxides	89-99	POTE ankyrin domain family member F	Homo sapiens	0-10
19946124-3	2010	In the present study, we found that beta-actin-induced increase in NO production was accompanied by decrease in superoxide formation.	Superoxides	112-122	POTE ankyrin domain family member F	Homo sapiens	36-46
19946124-5	2010	Peptide 326 also prevented beta-actin-induced decrease in superoxide formation and increase in NO and L-citrulline production.	Superoxides	58-68	POTE ankyrin domain family member F	Homo sapiens	27-37
19968973-9	2010	The amount of O(2)(-) generated during FBI/R correlated with malondialdehyde, HMGB1, and ICAM1 in both the brain and plasma.	Superoxides	14-18	high mobility group box 1	Rattus norvegicus	78-83
19968973-9	2010	The amount of O(2)(-) generated during FBI/R correlated with malondialdehyde, HMGB1, and ICAM1 in both the brain and plasma.	Superoxides	14-18	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	89-94
19897743-0	2010	Chronic hypoxia augments depolarization-induced Ca2+ sensitization in pulmonary vascular smooth muscle through superoxide-dependent stimulation of RhoA.	Superoxides	111-121	ras homolog family member A	Rattus norvegicus	147-151
19897743-6	2010	Finally, using a RhoA-GTP pull-down assay, we investigated the contribution of O(2)(-) to depolarization-induced RhoA activation.	Superoxides	79-83	ras homolog family member A	Rattus norvegicus	113-117
19897743-9	2010	These findings reveal a novel mechanistic link between VSM membrane depolarization, O(2)(-) generation, and RhoA activation that mediates enhanced myofilament Ca(2+) sensitization and pulmonary vasoconstriction following CH.	Superoxides	84-88	ras homolog family member A	Rattus norvegicus	108-112
20038746-1	2010	Type 1 diabetes provokes a protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent accumulation of superoxide anion in the renal medullary thick ascending limb (mTAL).	Superoxides	76-92	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	45-48
20038749-8	2010	Vessels from IL-17(-/-) mice displayed preserved vascular function, decreased superoxide production, and reduced T-cell infiltration in response to angiotensin II.	Superoxides	78-88	interleukin 17A	Mus musculus	13-18
20026664-0	2010	VSOP/Hv1 proton channels sustain calcium entry, neutrophil migration, and superoxide production by limiting cell depolarization and acidification.	Superoxides	74-84	hepatitis virus (MHV-2) susceptibility	Mus musculus	5-8
20026664-2	2010	Voltage-gated proton channels (voltage-sensing domain only protein [VSOP]/Hv1) are required for high-level superoxide production by phagocytes, but the mechanism of this effect is not established.	Superoxides	107-117	hepatitis virus (MHV-2) susceptibility	Mus musculus	74-77
20026664-4	2010	VSOP/Hv1-/- neutrophils had a more acidic cytosol, were more depolarized, and produced less superoxide and hydrogen peroxide than neutrophils from wild-type mice.	Superoxides	92-102	hepatitis virus (MHV-2) susceptibility	Mus musculus	5-8
20035290-6	2009	These results indicated that the effects of sulfur amino acids on tyrosyl or serine/threonine phosphorylation and the translocation of p47phox, p67phox, and rac to the cell membrane in the stimulus-treated human neutrophils were in parallel with those of the stimulus-induced superoxide generation reported in previous paper.	Superoxides	276-286	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	135-142
19801448-2	2009	Rac2, a member of the Rho GTPase subfamily, is an essential regulator of neutrophil degranulation, superoxide release, and chemotaxis.	Superoxides	99-109	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	0-4
19806166-4	2009	The production of superoxide in par2-1 is comparable to that of wild-type plants when treated by paraquat (1,1"-dimethyl-4,4"-bipyridinium dichloride), suggesting that PAR2 acts downstream of superoxide to regulate cell death.	Superoxides	18-28	phy rapidly regulated 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	32-36
19806166-4	2009	The production of superoxide in par2-1 is comparable to that of wild-type plants when treated by paraquat (1,1"-dimethyl-4,4"-bipyridinium dichloride), suggesting that PAR2 acts downstream of superoxide to regulate cell death.	Superoxides	18-28	phy rapidly regulated 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	168-172
19806166-4	2009	The production of superoxide in par2-1 is comparable to that of wild-type plants when treated by paraquat (1,1"-dimethyl-4,4"-bipyridinium dichloride), suggesting that PAR2 acts downstream of superoxide to regulate cell death.	Superoxides	192-202	phy rapidly regulated 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	168-172
19892919-5	2009	When cells were transfected with PDK1 siRNA, there was a significant reduction in chemotaxis, while superoxide generation was not significantly affected.	Superoxides	100-110	pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
19797171-10	2009	Increased superoxide production was associated with increased expression of NAD(P)H oxidase 1 and its molecular regulators, Noxo1 and Noxa1.	Superoxides	10-20	NADPH oxidase organizer 1	Mus musculus	124-129
19797171-11	2009	CONCLUSIONS: Deletion of PTP1B improved both endothelium dependent and independent NO-mediated dilation and reduced superoxide generation in db/db mice.	Superoxides	116-126	protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 1	Mus musculus	25-30
19889994-3	2009	E(2) neuroprotection was shown to involve a profound attenuation of NADPH oxidase activation and superoxide production in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons after stroke, an effect mediated by extranuclear estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha)-mediated nongenomic signaling, involving Akt activation and subsequent phosphorylation/inactivation of Rac1, a factor critical for activation of NOX2 NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	97-107	carbonic anhydrase 1	Homo sapiens	134-137
19741016-0	2009	PKC-dependent superoxide production by the renal medullary thick ascending limb from diabetic rats.	Superoxides	14-24	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
19741016-3	2009	We hypothesized that T1D increases O2*- production by the mTAL through a PKC-dependent mechanism involving increased expression and translocation of one or more PKC isoforms.	Superoxides	35-38	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	73-76
19741016-3	2009	We hypothesized that T1D increases O2*- production by the mTAL through a PKC-dependent mechanism involving increased expression and translocation of one or more PKC isoforms.	Superoxides	35-38	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	161-164
19741016-7	2009	Exposure to calphostin C or chelerythrine (PKC inhibitors), Go6976 (PKCalpha/beta inhibitor), or rottlerin (PKCdelta inhibitor) decreased O2*- production to &lt;20% of untreated baseline in both normal/sham and STZ mTALs.	Superoxides	138-141	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	43-46
19741016-7	2009	Exposure to calphostin C or chelerythrine (PKC inhibitors), Go6976 (PKCalpha/beta inhibitor), or rottlerin (PKCdelta inhibitor) decreased O2*- production to &lt;20% of untreated baseline in both normal/sham and STZ mTALs.	Superoxides	138-141	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	68-76
19786829-4	2009	We discuss the role of superoxide and other reactive oxygen species upstream of mitochondrial depolarization, fission and autophagy in PINK1 knockdown lines.	Superoxides	23-33	PTEN induced kinase 1	Homo sapiens	135-140
19762685-8	2009	CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that transcriptional upregulation of mitochondrial UCP2 in response to an elevation in superoxide plays an active role in feedback regulation of reactive oxygen species production in RVLM and neurogenic hypertension associated with chronic oxidative stress.	Superoxides	122-132	uncoupling protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	86-90
19481066-0	2009	Bz-423 superoxide signals B cell apoptosis via Mcl-1, Bak, and Bax.	Superoxides	7-17	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	63-66
19481066-6	2009	Treatment with Bz-423 results in superoxide-dependent Mcl-1 degradation, implicating this protein as the link between Bz-423-induced superoxide and Bax and Bak activation.	Superoxides	33-43	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	148-151
19450058-2	2009	We demonstrate here that the activation of NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1), a specialized superoxide-generating enzyme complex, plays a key role in the oxidative stress and subsequent dopaminergic cell death elicited by paraquat.	Superoxides	81-91	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	43-58
19450058-2	2009	We demonstrate here that the activation of NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1), a specialized superoxide-generating enzyme complex, plays a key role in the oxidative stress and subsequent dopaminergic cell death elicited by paraquat.	Superoxides	81-91	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	60-64
19450058-4	2009	Rac1, a key component necessary for Nox1-mediated superoxide generation, also was activated by paraquat.	Superoxides	50-60	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	36-40
19450058-8	2009	Our results suggest that Nox1-generated superoxide is implicated in the oxidative stress elicited by paraquat in DA cells, and it can serve as a novel target for pharmacologic intervention.	Superoxides	40-50	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	25-29
19645710-7	2009	CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Under conditions of increased vascular superoxide production, endothelial function is retained in LAD in OLETF rats at the early hyperglycaemic stage, partly due to enhanced endothelial NOS protein expression.	Superoxides	69-79	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	204-219
19406829-2	2009	Herein, we report that eosinophilia in MES rats is caused by a loss-of-function mutation in the gene for cytochrome b(-245), alpha polypeptide (Cyba; also known as p22(phox)), which is an essential component of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex.	Superoxides	215-225	cytochrome b, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	105-117
19501153-3	2009	Mitochondria are the major source of superoxide production, and SOD2 is mainly localized in mitochondria and, with other SODs, plays an important role in scavenging superoxide.	Superoxides	165-175	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	64-68
19625648-1	2009	Rac1 and Rac2, members of the small Rho GTPase family, play essential roles in coordinating directional migration and superoxide production during neutrophil responses to chemoattractants.	Superoxides	118-128	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
19497305-2	2009	Rac1-GTPase is an essential component of the superoxide-producing NADPH-oxidase complex.	Superoxides	45-55	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
19497305-9	2009	In summary, the data show that down-regulation of Rac1-GTPase contributes to the inhibition of angiotensin II-mediated superoxide release by 17beta-estradiol in monocytes.	Superoxides	119-129	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	50-54
19414794-4	2009	We observed impaired O(2)( ) generation by LPS-treated and fMLP-activated IRAK4-deficient PMN that correlated with decreased phosphorylation of p47(phox) and subnormal translocation of p47(phox), p67(phox), Rac2, and gp91(phox)/Nox2 to the membranes indicating that TLR4 signaling to the NOX activation pathway requires IRAK4.	Superoxides	21-25	interleukin 1 receptor associated kinase 4	Homo sapiens	74-79
19414794-4	2009	We observed impaired O(2)( ) generation by LPS-treated and fMLP-activated IRAK4-deficient PMN that correlated with decreased phosphorylation of p47(phox) and subnormal translocation of p47(phox), p67(phox), Rac2, and gp91(phox)/Nox2 to the membranes indicating that TLR4 signaling to the NOX activation pathway requires IRAK4.	Superoxides	21-25	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	228-232
19414794-4	2009	We observed impaired O(2)( ) generation by LPS-treated and fMLP-activated IRAK4-deficient PMN that correlated with decreased phosphorylation of p47(phox) and subnormal translocation of p47(phox), p67(phox), Rac2, and gp91(phox)/Nox2 to the membranes indicating that TLR4 signaling to the NOX activation pathway requires IRAK4.	Superoxides	21-25	interleukin 1 receptor associated kinase 4	Homo sapiens	320-325
19398669-8	2009	Both MTHFR genotype and vascular 5-MTHF were associated with vascular nitric oxide bioavailability and superoxide generated by uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase.	Superoxides	103-113	methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens	5-10
19372380-0	2009	Hv1 proton channels are required for high-level NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production during the phagocyte respiratory burst.	Superoxides	72-82	hepatitis virus (MHV-2) susceptibility	Mus musculus	0-3
19372380-4	2009	O(2)(-*) production is substantially reduced in the absence of Hv1, suggesting that Hv1 contributes a majority of the charge compensation required for optimal NADPH oxidase activity.	Superoxides	0-4	hepatitis virus (MHV-2) susceptibility	Mus musculus	84-87
19193722-9	2009	In conclusion, IP renders kidney resistance to I/R injury, and this resistance is mediated by increased superoxide formation, which activates MnSOD activity and expression as well as HSP-27 expression.	Superoxides	104-114	heat shock protein 1	Mus musculus	183-189
19259823-8	2009	These results suggest that the intracellular superoxide and peroxide generated by sanazole might be involved in the enhancement of radiation-induced apoptosis, and that these effects are associated with modulation of the Fas-mitochondria-caspase-dependent pathway, an increase in [Ca(2+)](i), and a decrease in the Hsp70 expression levels.	Superoxides	45-55	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 4	Homo sapiens	315-320
19285483-6	2009	Superoxide anion production upon PMA activation was significantly reduced in neutrophils from VSOP/Hv1 knockout mice.	Superoxides	0-16	hepatitis virus (MHV-2) susceptibility	Mus musculus	99-102
19299643-5	2009	We addressed this question by blocking the activity of xanthine oxidase (XO), a superoxide-generating enzyme that is upregulated in our model of DRM.	Superoxides	80-90	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	55-71
19439231-8	2009	Small-interfering RNA-specific gene silencing targeted specifically against Nox2 reduced the cognate protein expression, decreased insulin-induced O(2)(-) production, inhibited the turn on of NFkappaB, p38MAPK, and ERK 1/2, and reduced cell proliferation in macrophages.	Superoxides	147-154	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	76-80
19279211-8	2009	Infiltration of the N-terminal fragment of the GRI protein into leaves caused cell death in a superoxide- and salicylic acid-dependent manner.	Superoxides	94-104	Stigma-specific Stig1 family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	47-50
19076165-0	2009	Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase and xanthine oxidase are sources of superoxide in mouse trachea.	Superoxides	66-76	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	34-50
19076165-3	2009	The aim of the present study was to elucidate whether the two key candidate superoxide-producing enzymes in mammalian cells, namely Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase and xanthine oxidase, are responsible for superoxide production in mouse trachea.	Superoxides	76-86	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	132-136
19076165-3	2009	The aim of the present study was to elucidate whether the two key candidate superoxide-producing enzymes in mammalian cells, namely Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase and xanthine oxidase, are responsible for superoxide production in mouse trachea.	Superoxides	76-86	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	166-182
19076165-3	2009	The aim of the present study was to elucidate whether the two key candidate superoxide-producing enzymes in mammalian cells, namely Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase and xanthine oxidase, are responsible for superoxide production in mouse trachea.	Superoxides	204-214	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	132-136
19076165-3	2009	The aim of the present study was to elucidate whether the two key candidate superoxide-producing enzymes in mammalian cells, namely Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase and xanthine oxidase, are responsible for superoxide production in mouse trachea.	Superoxides	204-214	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	166-182
19076165-5	2009	Superoxide production by isolated trachea, as measured by L-012-dependent chemiluminescence, was markedly reduced by superoxide dismutase (300 U/mL) and the xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol (100 micromol/L).	Superoxides	0-10	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	157-173
19100713-1	2009	Manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase (SOD2) serves as the primary defense against mitochondrial superoxide, and decreased SOD2 activity results in a range of pathologies.	Superoxides	20-30	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Gallus gallus	42-46
19116138-0	2009	Role for the first SH3 domain of p67phox in activation of superoxide-producing NADPH oxidases.	Superoxides	58-68	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Mus musculus	33-40
19075094-10	2009	Thus, we tested whether scavenging superoxide enhances the angiotensin II-induced reduction in NOS3 expression.	Superoxides	35-45	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	95-99
19075094-13	2009	We concluded that angiotensin II-induced decreases in NOS3 expression in mTHALs require both NO and superoxide.	Superoxides	100-110	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	54-58
18978194-0	2009	High glucose-induced Nox1-derived superoxides downregulate PKC-betaII, which subsequently decreases ACE2 expression and ANG(1-7) formation in rat VSMCs.	Superoxides	34-45	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	21-25
18978194-0	2009	High glucose-induced Nox1-derived superoxides downregulate PKC-betaII, which subsequently decreases ACE2 expression and ANG(1-7) formation in rat VSMCs.	Superoxides	34-45	angiotensin I converting enzyme 2	Rattus norvegicus	100-104
18978194-0	2009	High glucose-induced Nox1-derived superoxides downregulate PKC-betaII, which subsequently decreases ACE2 expression and ANG(1-7) formation in rat VSMCs.	Superoxides	34-45	angiogenin	Rattus norvegicus	120-127
18978194-11	2009	Nox1-derived superoxides reduce PKC-betaII expression, which lowers ACE2 mRNA and protein levels and consequently decreases ANG(1-7) formation.	Superoxides	13-24	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
18978194-11	2009	Nox1-derived superoxides reduce PKC-betaII expression, which lowers ACE2 mRNA and protein levels and consequently decreases ANG(1-7) formation.	Superoxides	13-24	angiotensin I converting enzyme 2	Rattus norvegicus	68-72
18978194-11	2009	Nox1-derived superoxides reduce PKC-betaII expression, which lowers ACE2 mRNA and protein levels and consequently decreases ANG(1-7) formation.	Superoxides	13-24	angiogenin	Rattus norvegicus	124-131
18852069-8	2009	These results suggest that geldanamycin may enhance eNOS phosphorylation at Thr-495 by inhibiting Hsp90, Hsp90 uncoupling eNOS protein results in increased eNOS-dependent O2(-) production.	Superoxides	171-173	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	52-56
18852069-8	2009	These results suggest that geldanamycin may enhance eNOS phosphorylation at Thr-495 by inhibiting Hsp90, Hsp90 uncoupling eNOS protein results in increased eNOS-dependent O2(-) production.	Superoxides	171-173	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	122-126
18852069-8	2009	These results suggest that geldanamycin may enhance eNOS phosphorylation at Thr-495 by inhibiting Hsp90, Hsp90 uncoupling eNOS protein results in increased eNOS-dependent O2(-) production.	Superoxides	171-173	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	122-126
19001187-1	2008	Renal medullary superoxide (O(2)(-)) increases in angiotensin (Ang) II-dependent hypertension.	Superoxides	16-26	angiogenin	Rattus norvegicus	63-66
19034034-3	2008	There are several intracellular sources of superoxide anions other than NOSs, including NAD(P)H oxidase, xanthine oxidase, lipoxygenase, and mitochondrial electron transport chain.	Superoxides	43-60	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	105-121
18658277-3	2008	While RhoA inhibition attenuates actin stress fiber formation and promotes EC barrier function, Rac1 inhibition at the cell membrane potentially prevents activation of NADPH oxidase and subsequent generation of superoxides known to induce barrier disruption.	Superoxides	211-222	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	96-100
18518859-6	2008	When the constitutively active form of Rac, Rac1(Q61L) or GTP-bound Rac1 was added exogenously to the membrane, O(2)(-)-producing activity was enhanced up to 1.5-fold above the basal level, but GDP-loaded Rac1 did not affect superoxide-generating kinetics.	Superoxides	112-116	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	39-42
18518859-6	2008	When the constitutively active form of Rac, Rac1(Q61L) or GTP-bound Rac1 was added exogenously to the membrane, O(2)(-)-producing activity was enhanced up to 1.5-fold above the basal level, but GDP-loaded Rac1 did not affect superoxide-generating kinetics.	Superoxides	112-116	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	44-48
18518859-6	2008	When the constitutively active form of Rac, Rac1(Q61L) or GTP-bound Rac1 was added exogenously to the membrane, O(2)(-)-producing activity was enhanced up to 1.5-fold above the basal level, but GDP-loaded Rac1 did not affect superoxide-generating kinetics.	Superoxides	112-116	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	68-72
18518859-6	2008	When the constitutively active form of Rac, Rac1(Q61L) or GTP-bound Rac1 was added exogenously to the membrane, O(2)(-)-producing activity was enhanced up to 1.5-fold above the basal level, but GDP-loaded Rac1 did not affect superoxide-generating kinetics.	Superoxides	112-116	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	68-72
18518859-6	2008	When the constitutively active form of Rac, Rac1(Q61L) or GTP-bound Rac1 was added exogenously to the membrane, O(2)(-)-producing activity was enhanced up to 1.5-fold above the basal level, but GDP-loaded Rac1 did not affect superoxide-generating kinetics.	Superoxides	225-235	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	39-42
18518859-6	2008	When the constitutively active form of Rac, Rac1(Q61L) or GTP-bound Rac1 was added exogenously to the membrane, O(2)(-)-producing activity was enhanced up to 1.5-fold above the basal level, but GDP-loaded Rac1 did not affect superoxide-generating kinetics.	Superoxides	225-235	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	44-48
18518859-6	2008	When the constitutively active form of Rac, Rac1(Q61L) or GTP-bound Rac1 was added exogenously to the membrane, O(2)(-)-producing activity was enhanced up to 1.5-fold above the basal level, but GDP-loaded Rac1 did not affect superoxide-generating kinetics.	Superoxides	225-235	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	68-72
18518859-6	2008	When the constitutively active form of Rac, Rac1(Q61L) or GTP-bound Rac1 was added exogenously to the membrane, O(2)(-)-producing activity was enhanced up to 1.5-fold above the basal level, but GDP-loaded Rac1 did not affect superoxide-generating kinetics.	Superoxides	225-235	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	68-72
18518859-8	2008	The activated forms of Rac1 and NOXA1 are essentially involved in Nox1 activation and their interactions might be responsible for regulating the O(2)(-)-producing activity in Caco-2 cells.	Superoxides	145-150	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	23-27
18782833-7	2008	Depletion of mtRRF in human cell lines is lethal, initially causing profound mitochondrial dysmorphism, aggregation of mitoribosomes, elevated mitochondrial superoxide production and eventual loss of OXPHOS complexes.	Superoxides	157-167	mitochondrial ribosome recycling factor	Homo sapiens	13-18
18638447-0	2008	The AP-1 site is essential for the promoter activity of NOX1/NADPH oxidase, a vascular superoxide-producing enzyme: Possible involvement of the ERK1/2-JunB pathway.	Superoxides	87-97	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	56-60
18788099-0	2008	Increased superoxide contributes to enhancement of vascular contraction in Ins2(Akita) diabetic mice, an autosomal dominant mutant model.	Superoxides	10-20	insulin II	Mus musculus	75-79
18788099-4	2008	Compared with age-matched normal C57BL/6 mice, in Ins2(Akita) diabetic mice arterial superoxide, lipid peroxidation production (1.2 +/- 0.1 vs 17.4 +/- 1.9 mmol/mg tissue, respectively; P &lt; 0.01) and plasma lipid peroxidation production (0.08 +/- 0.02 vs 0.40 +/- 0.03 mmol/L, respectively; P &lt; 0.01) were increased.	Superoxides	85-95	insulin II	Mus musculus	50-54
18788099-7	2008	Tempol (a scavenger of superoxide), apocynin (an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase) and allopurinol (an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase) all not only decreased superoxide in carotid arteries, but also suppressed arterial contractions to U46619 in Ins2(Akita) diabetic mice.	Superoxides	151-161	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	110-126
18788099-9	2008	These results suggest that increased arterial superoxide generated from diverse sources may potentiate the contractions of carotid arteries in Ins2(Akita) diabetic mice.	Superoxides	46-56	insulin II	Mus musculus	143-147
18729006-7	2008	While it is understood that G6PD-derived NADPH, which is a cofactor for NADPH oxidase, enhances superoxide anion generation and elevates oxidative stress in diabetes, heart failure, and angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy of smooth muscle, there are no specific drugs available to study the role of G6PD and G6PD-derived NADPH in organ function and the development of human diseases.	Superoxides	96-112	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	72-77
18214465-6	2008	Fructose, and particularly F6P and FBP exhibited high capacities for scavenging superoxide and showed to be involved in antioxidative protection in pea leaves.	Superoxides	80-90	fructose-bisphosphatase 1	Homo sapiens	35-38
18685038-7	2008	Finally, we show that DAP12 and CD11b control the production of microglial superoxide ions, which kill the neurons.	Superoxides	75-85	TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein	Mus musculus	22-27
18729091-2	2008	Prior studies with purified human cytochrome b(5) and NADPH:P450 reductase in reconstituted proteoliposomes (PLs) demonstrated rapid reduction of Cr(VI) (hexavalent chromium, as CrO(4)(2-), and the generation of Cr(V), superoxide (O(2)(*-)), and hydroxyl radical (HO(*)).	Superoxides	219-229	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	54-74
18477769-8	2008	Finally, xanthine oxidase, a potent superoxide generator, is decreased in subpopulations of liver hepatocytes and increased on liver endothelium in sph/sph mice.	Superoxides	36-46	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	9-25
18569014-5	2008	Infusion of Abeta(1-40) led to an increase in Mn-superoxide dismutase activity and a decrease in activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase in mitochondria, to elevation of activities of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase and aldehyde oxidase, forwarded the conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to xanthine oxidase and corresponding increase in the rate of H2O2 formation in the cytosol.	Superoxides	49-59	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	12-17
18569014-5	2008	Infusion of Abeta(1-40) led to an increase in Mn-superoxide dismutase activity and a decrease in activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase in mitochondria, to elevation of activities of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase and aldehyde oxidase, forwarded the conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to xanthine oxidase and corresponding increase in the rate of H2O2 formation in the cytosol.	Superoxides	200-210	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	12-17
18334666-5	2008	The increase in HO-1 was associated with a decrease in superoxide levels (p &lt; 0.05) and an increase in plasma adiponectin (p &lt; 0.005), compared with untreated ZF rats.	Superoxides	55-65	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	16-20
18453614-0	2008	Heme oxygenase-1 protects against neutrophil-mediated intestinal damage by down-regulation of neutrophil p47phox and p67phox activity and O2- production in a two-hit model of alcohol intoxication and burn injury.	Superoxides	138-140	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-16
18473406-9	2008	The protection is associated with blocking the generation of superoxide anions during the hepatic I/R procedure by inhibiting xanthine oxidase and NADPH oxidase activity.	Superoxides	61-78	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	126-142
18347018-3	2008	A direct regulatory interaction of Rac with Nox2 has been proposed as part of a two-step mechanism for regulating electron transfer during superoxide formation.	Superoxides	139-149	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	44-48
18061195-5	2008	Dihydroethidine staining revealed that the reduction of vascular superoxide was at least in part due to eNOS recoupling.	Superoxides	65-75	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	104-108
18302939-7	2008	Moreover, galectin-3 but not galectin-1 induced the release of superoxide, which was blocked by lactose, anti-RAGE, and dithiothreitol.	Superoxides	63-73	advanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor	Homo sapiens	110-114
18346986-7	2008	Retinas from diabetic 5-lipoxygenase-deficient mice also had significantly less leukostasis, superoxide production, and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) expression (all P &lt; 0.006), whereas retinas from diabetic 12/15-lipoxygenase-deficient mice had significantly less leukostasis (P &lt; 0.005) but not superoxide production or NF- kappaB expression.	Superoxides	93-103	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Mus musculus	22-36
18346986-7	2008	Retinas from diabetic 5-lipoxygenase-deficient mice also had significantly less leukostasis, superoxide production, and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) expression (all P &lt; 0.006), whereas retinas from diabetic 12/15-lipoxygenase-deficient mice had significantly less leukostasis (P &lt; 0.005) but not superoxide production or NF- kappaB expression.	Superoxides	307-317	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Mus musculus	22-36
18177745-4	2008	In order to test this hypothesis, we investigated direct effects of O2- [hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase system generating 0.12 (n=42) and 0.25 (n=45) microM O2-/min], H2O2 (20 or 100 microM, n=60), and HOCl, (1, 10, and 100 microM, n=50) on freshly ovulated or relatively old mouse oocytes, while their sibling oocytes were fixed immediately or cultured under physiological conditions (n=96).	Superoxides	156-158	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	86-102
18386218-10	2008	CONCLUSIONS: Aging impairs eNOS-dependent reactivity of cerebral arterioles via an increase in superoxide produced by activation of NAD(P)H oxidase.	Superoxides	95-105	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	27-31
18227104-4	2008	Moreover, TK reduced inflammatory cell accumulation in conjunction with diminished superoxide production and decreased expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1.	Superoxides	83-93	kallikrein 1-related peptidase C12	Rattus norvegicus	10-12
18298074-6	2008	FMLP-, PMA-, and AA-induced tyrosyl or serine/threonine phosphorylation and translocation of p47phox, p67phox, and Rac to the plasma membrane were in parallel with the suppression of the stimulus-induced superoxide generation.	Superoxides	204-214	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	93-100
18290312-9	2008	The elevated UCP-2 levels may represent an effort to reduce the increased production of superoxide radicals which is evident during diabetes.	Superoxides	88-98	uncoupling protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	13-18
18511861-2	2008	This robust oxygen consumption is related to a superoxide-generating enzyme, the phagocytic NADPH oxidase (Nox2-based or phox).	Superoxides	47-57	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	107-111
18086532-5	2008	In addition, the exposure to IL-15 induced an increase in neutrophil oxidative burst as evaluated by superoxide anion and H(2)O(2) release.	Superoxides	101-117	interleukin 15	Homo sapiens	29-34
17655889-3	2008	Compound 10 showed a significant inhibitory effect on the release of beta-glucuronidase from rat neutrophils stimulated with formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP)/cytochalasin B (CB) whereas compound 9 significantly inhibited superoxide anion formation in fMLP/CB-stimulated rat neutrophils.	Superoxides	214-230	glucuronidase, beta	Rattus norvegicus	69-87
17928111-4	2007	Treatment of macrophages with the emulsion adjuvants, followed by co-incubation with the adjuvant-induced dead EL4 cells, resulted in a substantial uptake of soluble antigens into the APCs and generation of a considerable amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including hydrogen peroxide and superoxide.	Superoxides	295-305	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	111-114
17920449-2	2007	The detoxifying effects of GS and Mn-SOD in the brain, involve catabolizing glutamate and scavenging superoxide anions, respectively.	Superoxides	101-118	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	34-40
17664251-6	2007	The pretreatment of the cell with SNP along with ascorbate, methylene blue, or superoxide dismutase attenuated the induction of function and expression for P-glycoprotein, suggesting that the reaction product between superoxide and NO is involved in the induction of function and expression.	Superoxides	79-89	ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B (MDR/TAP), member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	156-170
18030069-3	2007	Amiodarone tissue uptake was quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography, and xanthine oxidase-dependent superoxide anion formation was investigated in vitro in presence or absence of amiodarone.	Superoxides	114-130	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	87-103
17666049-4	2007	Upstream inhibition of the ARA-dependent nNOS inhibitory signaling, however, caused the parallel release of superoxide and constitutive NO, thereby leading to formation of ONOO- levels triggering loss of ATP and mitochondrial membrane potential followed by the mitochondrial release of cytochrome c, activation of caspase 3 and morphological evidence of apoptosis.	Superoxides	108-118	nitric oxide synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	41-45
18064574-3	2007	Following a 24-h exposure of the cells to amyloid beta-peptide fragment 25-35 (A beta 25-35), a significant reduction in cell survival and activities of total superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), as well as increased of malondialdehyde (MDA) were observed.	Superoxides	159-169	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	79-85
17822438-0	2007	Myocyte enhancer factor 2B is involved in the inducible expression of NOX1/NADPH oxidase, a vascular superoxide-producing enzyme.	Superoxides	101-111	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	70-74
17822438-8	2007	These results indicate that superoxide production in vascular smooth muscle cells is regulated by the ATF-1-MEF2B cascade by induction of the expression of the NOX1 gene.	Superoxides	28-38	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	160-164
17679649-9	2007	HO-1 overexpression by plasmid-mediated gene transfer in rat vascular smooth muscle cells decreased NADPH-stimulated superoxide production.	Superoxides	117-127	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
17667987-6	2007	Heme oxygenase-1 induction prevented the increase in plasma creatinine and in superoxide in both the cortex and medulla compared to untreated rats with acute kidney injury.	Superoxides	78-88	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-16
17900370-3	2007	Nox2 forms a heterodimer with the integral membrane protein, p22phox, and this heterodimer binds to the regulatory subunits p47phox, p67phox, p40phox and the small GTPase Rac, triggering superoxide generation.	Superoxides	187-197	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	124-131
17675065-1	2007	BACKGROUND: We previously found that higher NADPH levels produced by glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) can enhance myocardial superoxide generation by NAD(P)H oxidase in a dog model of dilated cardiomyopathy.	Superoxides	133-143	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	44-49
17675065-1	2007	BACKGROUND: We previously found that higher NADPH levels produced by glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) can enhance myocardial superoxide generation by NAD(P)H oxidase in a dog model of dilated cardiomyopathy.	Superoxides	133-143	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Canis lupus familiaris	69-102
17675065-1	2007	BACKGROUND: We previously found that higher NADPH levels produced by glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) can enhance myocardial superoxide generation by NAD(P)H oxidase in a dog model of dilated cardiomyopathy.	Superoxides	133-143	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Canis lupus familiaris	104-108
17675065-2	2007	Therefore, we tested whether G6PD activity is elevated and enhances NADPH level and increases NAD(P)H oxidase-derived superoxide production in the myocardium from patients with heart failure from ischemic cardiomyopathy.	Superoxides	118-128	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	29-33
17675065-7	2007	Superoxide production by NAD(P)H oxidase increased 10- and 3-fold by adding NADPH (100 micromol/L) and NADH (100 micromol/L), respectively, in a DPI- and gp91(ds-tat)-inhibitable manner.	Superoxides	0-10	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	76-81
17675065-8	2007	Interestingly, chelerythrine, a PKC inhibitor, and PP2, a Src kinase family inhibitor, reduced G6PD activity (0.29 +/- 0.04 nM x min x mg protein) by 50% and 51% and these inhibitors also decreased myocardial superoxide by 99% and 79%, respectively.	Superoxides	209-219	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	95-99
17675065-9	2007	Furthermore, 6-aminonicotinamide, a G6PD inhibitor, decreased myocardial superoxide production by 71%.	Superoxides	73-83	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	36-40
17675065-10	2007	CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that high NAD(P)H oxidase, fueled by G6PD-derived NADPH, generates most of the superoxide in failing hearts of patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy.	Superoxides	111-121	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	69-73
17675065-10	2007	CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that high NAD(P)H oxidase, fueled by G6PD-derived NADPH, generates most of the superoxide in failing hearts of patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy.	Superoxides	111-121	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	82-87
17634371-0	2007	Mitochondrial superoxide production and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 activation in p75 neurotrophin receptor-induced motor neuron apoptosis.	Superoxides	14-24	TNF receptor superfamily member 1B	Homo sapiens	98-101
17634371-3	2007	In the present study, we show that p75(NTR)-mediated apoptosis in motor neurons involved neutral sphingomyelinase activation, increased mitochondrial superoxide production, and cytochrome c release to the cytosol.	Superoxides	150-160	TNF receptor superfamily member 1B	Homo sapiens	35-38
17634371-9	2007	Together, our data indicate that p75(NTR)-mediated motor neuron apoptosis involves ceramide-dependent increased mitochondrial superoxide production.	Superoxides	126-136	TNF receptor superfamily member 1B	Homo sapiens	33-36
17568572-10	2007	CONCLUSIONS: NO causes sustained suppression of NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production in human endothelial cells by S-nitrosylation of p47phox.	Superoxides	72-82	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	143-150
17564447-5	2007	The effect of functional group substitution at the C-5 position of pyrroline N-oxides on spin-trap reactivity toward O2*- was computationally rationalized at the PCM/B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p)//B3LYP/6-31G(d) and PCM/mPW1K/6-31+G(d,p) levels of theory.	Superoxides	117-119	protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 22	Homo sapiens	168-171
17560536-5	2007	In addition, superoxide anion radical was detected as a mGPDH-related primary ROS species by fluorescent probe dihydroethidium, as well as by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy with DMPO spin trap.	Superoxides	13-37	glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	56-61
17560536-6	2007	Altogether, the data obtained demonstrate pronounced differences in the mechanism of ROS production originating from oxidation of glycerophosphate and succinate indicating that electron transfer from mGPDH to coenzyme Q is highly prone to electron leak and superoxide generation.	Superoxides	257-267	glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	200-205
17616699-0	2007	Superoxide signaling mediates N-acetyl-L-cysteine-induced G1 arrest: regulatory role of cyclin D1 and manganese superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	0-10	cyclin D1	Mus musculus	88-97
17576211-2	2007	Mutations in one of four known NADPH-oxidase components preclude generation of superoxide and related antimicrobial oxidants, leading to the phenotype of CGD.	Superoxides	79-89	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	31-36
17482528-3	2007	Comparative studies on different mammalian species have indicated that the rate of mitochondrial superoxide anion radical generation is directly correlated with mitochondrial CoQ9 content and inversely related to amounts of CoQ10, particularly the CoQ10 bound to mitochondrial membrane proteins.	Superoxides	97-121	coenzyme Q9	Homo sapiens	175-179
17517644-5	2007	K restriction stimulates the expression of ING4 in the kidney and superoxide anions, and its related products are involved in mediating the effect of low K intake on ING4 expression.	Superoxides	66-83	inhibitor of growth family member 4	Homo sapiens	166-170
17194891-0	2007	Phagocytic NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production stimulates matrix metalloproteinase-9: implications for human atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	35-45	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	68-94
17194891-6	2007	In addition, a positive relationship (P&lt;0.001) was found between phagocytic NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production determined with lucigenin and plasma MMP-9 levels in 188 asymptomatic subjects free of overt clinical atherosclerosis.	Superoxides	103-113	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	162-167
17194891-8	2007	Interestingly, subjects in the upper quartile of superoxide production exhibited the highest values of MMP-9, oxidized low-density lipoprotein, nitrotyrosine, carotid intima media thickness, and an increased presence of carotid plaques.	Superoxides	49-59	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	103-108
17194891-9	2007	CONCLUSIONS: Enhanced NADPH oxidase-dependent *O2(-) production stimulates MMP-9 in monocytes and this relationship may be relevant in the atherosclerotic process.	Superoxides	47-49	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	75-80
16963226-2	2007	We have observed that Group IV cPLA(2) activity is required for the production of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) in human monocytes [Li Q., Cathcart M.K.	Superoxides	82-98	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	31-37
16963226-2	2007	We have observed that Group IV cPLA(2) activity is required for the production of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) in human monocytes [Li Q., Cathcart M.K.	Superoxides	100-104	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	31-37
17007611-10	2007	This latter effect appears to be related to increased eNOS activity associated with increased calmodulin-1 expression and decreased O(2)(-) generation.	Superoxides	132-136	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	54-58
17095613-0	2007	Activation of RAGE induces elevated O2- generation by mononuclear phagocytes in diabetes.	Superoxides	36-38	advanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor	Homo sapiens	14-18
17095613-7	2007	RAGE ligands and high glucose concentration increased O(2)(-) generation from human mononuclear phagocytes.	Superoxides	54-58	advanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor	Homo sapiens	0-4
17095613-8	2007	RAGE ligands, specifically and potently, increased O(2)(-) generation from mononuclear phagocytes, and high-glucose effects were associated with correspondingly increased osmotic pressure.	Superoxides	51-55	advanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor	Homo sapiens	0-4
17156794-1	2007	The hypothesis was tested that endothelin-1 (ET-1)-induced superoxide (O(2)(-)) generation mediates post-ischemic coronary endothelial injury, that ischemic preconditioning (IPC) affords endothelial protection by preventing post-ischemic ET-1, and thus O(2)(-), generation, and that opening of the mitochondrial ATP-dependent potassium channel (mK(ATP)) triggers the mechanism of IPC.	Superoxides	59-69	endothelin-1	Cavia porcellus	31-43
17156794-1	2007	The hypothesis was tested that endothelin-1 (ET-1)-induced superoxide (O(2)(-)) generation mediates post-ischemic coronary endothelial injury, that ischemic preconditioning (IPC) affords endothelial protection by preventing post-ischemic ET-1, and thus O(2)(-), generation, and that opening of the mitochondrial ATP-dependent potassium channel (mK(ATP)) triggers the mechanism of IPC.	Superoxides	71-75	endothelin-1	Cavia porcellus	31-43
17156794-1	2007	The hypothesis was tested that endothelin-1 (ET-1)-induced superoxide (O(2)(-)) generation mediates post-ischemic coronary endothelial injury, that ischemic preconditioning (IPC) affords endothelial protection by preventing post-ischemic ET-1, and thus O(2)(-), generation, and that opening of the mitochondrial ATP-dependent potassium channel (mK(ATP)) triggers the mechanism of IPC.	Superoxides	253-257	endothelin-1	Cavia porcellus	31-43
17242177-8	2007	Specifically, HGF exerted its protective effect by counteracting: (i) the overproduction of either hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion, (ii) the reduction of intracellular gamma-glutamylcysteinylglycine level, and (iii) the depolarization of mitochondrial membrane, induced by prolonged FFAs exposure.	Superoxides	121-137	hepatocyte growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	14-17
17129597-7	2007	Copper supplementation greatly extended the life span of sod1 and sod2 strains, suggesting that addition of copper may reduce the generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	144-154	superoxide dismutase SOD2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	66-70
17126813-2	2007	Here, we show that Noxo1 supports superoxide production in a cell-free system for gp91(phox)/Nox2 activation by arachidonic acid.	Superoxides	34-44	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	93-97
16920193-1	2007	Activation of the superoxide forming respiratory burst oxidase of human neutrophils, crucial in host defence, requires the cytosolic proteins p47phox and p67phox which translocate to the plasma membrane upon cell stimulation and activate flavocytochrome b558, the redox centre of this enzyme system.	Superoxides	18-28	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	142-149
16959961-4	2006	Up-regulation of HO-1 expressed in the early development of diabetes produced a decrease in oxidative/nitrosative stress as manifested by decreased levels of 3-nitrotyrosine, superoxide, and cellular heme content.	Superoxides	175-185	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	17-21
16959961-7	2006	In conclusion, 3-nitrotyrosine, cellular heme, and superoxide, promoters of vascular damage, are reduced by HO-1 induction, thereby preserving vascular integrity and protecting cardiac function involving an increase in antiapoptotic proteins.	Superoxides	51-61	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	108-112
17159805-9	2006	CONCLUSION: The conceivable cumulative non-specific membrane effect of carvedilol and its effect on PLD signalling pathway contribute to the decrease of both superoxide generation and MPO release, thus supporting the restoration of NO-superoxide balance.	Superoxides	235-245	myeloperoxidase	Mus musculus	184-187
16891616-4	2006	PACAP38 and GIF ameliorated the production of microglia-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS), where both LPS- and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced superoxide and intracellular ROS were inhibited.	Superoxides	155-165	cobalamin binding intrinsic factor	Rattus norvegicus	12-15
16876877-3	2006	Simple superoxide anion production was determined by spectrophotometrical measurement of cytochrome c.	Superoxides	7-23	cytochrome c	Sus scrofa	89-101
16895900-1	2006	The heterodimeric flavocytochrome b558, comprised of the two integral membrane proteins p22phox and gp91phox, mediates the transfer of electrons from NADPH to molecular oxygen in the phagocyte NADPH oxidase to generate the superoxide precursor of microbicidal oxidants.	Superoxides	223-233	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	100-108
16626305-5	2006	357, 233-240] demonstrated that Hcy (homocysteine) treatment caused a significant elevation of intracellular superoxide anion, leading to increased expression of chemokine receptor in monocytes.	Superoxides	109-125	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Homo sapiens	162-180
16626305-9	2006	Transfection of cells with p47phox siRNA (small interfering RNA) abolished Hcy-induced superoxide anion production, indicating the involvement of NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	87-103	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	27-34
16670255-2	2006	In this study, we used genetic tools to test the hypothesis that increased formation of superoxide (O2-*) radicals from a Rac1-regulated Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase is a key upstream mediator of ANG II-induced activation of serine-threonine kinase Akt, and that this signaling cascade plays a crucial role in ANG II-dependent cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.	Superoxides	88-100	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	122-126
16670255-2	2006	In this study, we used genetic tools to test the hypothesis that increased formation of superoxide (O2-*) radicals from a Rac1-regulated Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase is a key upstream mediator of ANG II-induced activation of serine-threonine kinase Akt, and that this signaling cascade plays a crucial role in ANG II-dependent cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.	Superoxides	88-100	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	137-141
16670255-8	2006	These findings suggest that O2-* generated by a Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase is a central mediator of ANG II-induced Akt activation and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and that dysregulation of this signaling cascade may play an important role in cardiac hypertrophy.	Superoxides	28-30	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	48-52
16715100-0	2006	Neutrophil direction sensing and superoxide production linked by the GTPase-activating protein GIT2.	Superoxides	33-43	GIT ArfGAP 2	Homo sapiens	95-99
16715100-3	2006	Here we show that GIT2 was necessary for directional chemotaxis and for the suppression of superoxide production in G protein-coupled receptor-stimulated neutrophils.	Superoxides	91-101	GIT ArfGAP 2	Homo sapiens	18-22
16715100-4	2006	GIT2 was also necessary for the orientation of superoxide production toward chemoattractant sources.	Superoxides	47-57	GIT ArfGAP 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
16715100-6	2006	This study establishes a function for GIT2 in linking chemotaxis and superoxide production in neutrophils and shows that loss of GIT2 in vivo leads to an immunodeficient state.	Superoxides	69-79	GIT ArfGAP 2	Homo sapiens	38-42
16271366-0	2006	Effects of homocysteine and ginsenoside Rb1 on endothelial proliferation and superoxide anion production.	Superoxides	77-93	RB transcriptional corepressor 1	Mus musculus	40-43
16271366-14	2006	CONCLUSION: Hcy significantly inhibits endothelial proliferation with increased production of superoxide anion, which is effectively blocked by ginsenoside Rb1.	Superoxides	94-110	RB transcriptional corepressor 1	Mus musculus	156-159
16776845-11	2006	However, hispidin, an inhibitor of PKCbeta, inhibited the release of superoxide anion from circulating leukocytes in all groups of animals.	Superoxides	69-85	protein kinase C, beta	Rattus norvegicus	35-42
16443677-4	2006	The goal of this study was to examine the effect of extracellular superoxide dismutase (ECSOD) on superoxide levels and vascular function in an animal model of aging.	Superoxides	66-76	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	88-93
16443677-10	2006	After gene transfer of ECSOD to aged rats, superoxide levels in aorta were similar in old and young rats.	Superoxides	43-53	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	23-28
16443677-12	2006	These results suggest that 1) vascular dysfunction associated with aging is mediated in part by increased levels of superoxide, 2) gene transfer of ECSOD reduces vascular superoxide and dysfunction in old rats, and 3) beneficial effects of ECSOD in old rats require the heparin-binding domain of ECSOD.	Superoxides	116-126	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	148-153
16443677-12	2006	These results suggest that 1) vascular dysfunction associated with aging is mediated in part by increased levels of superoxide, 2) gene transfer of ECSOD reduces vascular superoxide and dysfunction in old rats, and 3) beneficial effects of ECSOD in old rats require the heparin-binding domain of ECSOD.	Superoxides	171-181	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	148-153
16443677-12	2006	These results suggest that 1) vascular dysfunction associated with aging is mediated in part by increased levels of superoxide, 2) gene transfer of ECSOD reduces vascular superoxide and dysfunction in old rats, and 3) beneficial effects of ECSOD in old rats require the heparin-binding domain of ECSOD.	Superoxides	171-181	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	240-245
16443677-12	2006	These results suggest that 1) vascular dysfunction associated with aging is mediated in part by increased levels of superoxide, 2) gene transfer of ECSOD reduces vascular superoxide and dysfunction in old rats, and 3) beneficial effects of ECSOD in old rats require the heparin-binding domain of ECSOD.	Superoxides	171-181	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	240-245
16633352-2	2006	We previously demonstrated that human macrophages of different origin express the tyrosine kinase receptor recepteur d"origine nantaise, the human receptor for MSP (RON) and produce superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) when challenged with macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP), the endogenous ligand for RON.	Superoxides	182-198	macrophage stimulating 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	165-168
16633352-2	2006	We previously demonstrated that human macrophages of different origin express the tyrosine kinase receptor recepteur d"origine nantaise, the human receptor for MSP (RON) and produce superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) when challenged with macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP), the endogenous ligand for RON.	Superoxides	200-204	macrophage stimulating 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	165-168
16633352-2	2006	We previously demonstrated that human macrophages of different origin express the tyrosine kinase receptor recepteur d"origine nantaise, the human receptor for MSP (RON) and produce superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) when challenged with macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP), the endogenous ligand for RON.	Superoxides	200-204	macrophage stimulating 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	294-297
16716111-11	2006	Furthermore, kallikrein gene delivery restored nitric oxide production and suppressed NADH oxidase activity and superoxide generation.	Superoxides	112-122	kallikrein related peptidase 4	Homo sapiens	13-23
16622226-11	2006	These observations show that the toxin independently induces production of DG through activation of endogenous PLC and phosphorylation of PDK1 via the TrkA receptor signaling pathway and that these events synergistically activate PKCtheta in stimulating an increase in O2(-).	Superoxides	269-271	protein kinase C theta type	Oryctolagus cuniculus	230-238
16622226-12	2006	In addition, we show the participation of mitogen-activated protein kinase-associated signaling events via activation of PKCtheta in the toxin-induced generation of O2(-).	Superoxides	165-167	protein kinase C theta type	Oryctolagus cuniculus	121-129
16497987-10	2006	Rather, our findings indicated that superoxide (O2*-), in combination with NO, regulated SREBP activation by Ox-PAPC.	Superoxides	36-46	protocadherin 8	Homo sapiens	112-116
16497987-10	2006	Rather, our findings indicated that superoxide (O2*-), in combination with NO, regulated SREBP activation by Ox-PAPC.	Superoxides	48-52	protocadherin 8	Homo sapiens	112-116
16497987-11	2006	We found that Ox-PAPC treatment generated O2*- through an eNOS-mediated mechanism and that mercaptoethylguanidine, a peroxynitrite scavenger, reduced SREBP activation by Ox-PAPC.	Superoxides	42-44	protocadherin 8	Homo sapiens	17-21
16510607-1	2006	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) converts the superoxide anion into H(2)O(2), which, unless it is detoxified by glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1), can increase hepatic iron and can react with iron to form genotoxic compounds.	Superoxides	52-68	glutathione peroxidase 1	Homo sapiens	144-148
16401625-6	2006	Kallikrein"s protective effects were accompanied by increased nitric oxide formation, and reduced NADH oxidase activity and superoxide production.	Superoxides	124-134	kallikrein related peptidase 4	Homo sapiens	0-10
16275890-4	2006	Combined stimulation of rac2-/- neutrophils with exogenous AA and PMA had a synergistic effect on NADPH oxidase activity, and superoxide production increased to a level that was at least as high as wild-type cells and had no effect on fMLP-elicited enzyme activity.	Superoxides	126-136	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	24-28
16275890-6	2006	Inhibitor studies were consistent with important roles for phorbol ester-activated protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms and an atypical isoform, PKCzeta, in superoxide production by wild-type and rac2-/- neutrophils stimulated with AA and PMA.	Superoxides	152-162	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	191-195
16234242-2	2005	A principal defense against reactive oxygen species involves the superoxide dismutases (SOD) that act to detoxify superoxide anions.	Superoxides	114-131	Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Caenorhabditis elegans	88-91
16300484-11	2005	In vitro cortisol significantly decreased neutrophil superoxide generation (P &lt; 0.05) and this was prevented by coincubation with DHEAS.	Superoxides	53-63	sulfotransferase family 2A member 1	Homo sapiens	133-138
16051717-9	2005	Additionally, MnSOD activity was significantly lowered in SSM and IFM from wheel runners, which may reflect a reduction in mitochondrial superoxide production.	Superoxides	137-147	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	14-19
16283857-3	2005	Recent studies indicate that activation of TrkA promotes superoxide generation via NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	57-67	neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	43-47
16212611-5	2005	Moreover, the demonstration of impaired OH* formation in the root of the Arabidopsis mutant rhd2 impaired in a superoxide-producing Nicotimamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase has been accomplished.	Superoxides	111-121	NADPH/respiratory burst oxidase protein D	Arabidopsis thaliana	92-96
16150654-2	2005	We hypothesized that sulfaphenazole, an inhibitor of CYP2C6 and 9, also attenuates post-ischemic endothelial dysfunction by reducing CYP-mediated superoxide generation (which scavenges nitric oxide (NO)), thereby restoring NO bioavailability and vascular tone.	Superoxides	146-156	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 6, variant 1	Rattus norvegicus	53-65
16123335-5	2005	A membrane-bound gp91phox containing NAD(P)H oxidase in atrial myocytes was the main source of atrial superoxide production in SR and in AF.	Superoxides	102-112	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	17-25
15863444-12	2005	Eosinophils treated with medium from IL-4-stimulated A549 cells preincubated with anti-CCL26 showed a marked decrease of superoxide anion production compared with anti-CCL24 treated.	Superoxides	121-137	C-C motif chemokine ligand 26	Homo sapiens	87-92
15847608-9	2005	Moreover, we observed that IL-10 (interleukin-10) inhibits superoxide release, whereas its depletion restored NADPH oxidase activity.	Superoxides	59-69	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	27-32
15847608-9	2005	Moreover, we observed that IL-10 (interleukin-10) inhibits superoxide release, whereas its depletion restored NADPH oxidase activity.	Superoxides	59-69	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	34-48
15980872-0	2005	Sildenafil citrate and sildenafil nitrate (NCX 911) are potent inhibitors of superoxide formation and gp91phox expression in porcine pulmonary artery endothelial cells.	Superoxides	77-87	T cell leukemia homeobox 2	Homo sapiens	43-46
15992367-5	2005	Immunohistochemistry and western blotting were employed to assess the effects of anti-CD11d mAb treatment on spinal cord expression of gp91Phox (a subunit of NADPH oxidase producing superoxide) on formation of 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE, indicating lipid peroxidation) and on expression of caspase-3.	Superoxides	182-192	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	135-143
15949904-1	2005	The activity of gp91phox, the catalytic subunit of the superoxide-generating respiratory burst oxidase, is stimulated by the regulatory subunits p47phox, p67phox and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	55-65	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	16-24
15949904-1	2005	The activity of gp91phox, the catalytic subunit of the superoxide-generating respiratory burst oxidase, is stimulated by the regulatory subunits p47phox, p67phox and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	55-65	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	145-152
16081809-1	2005	Rac1 and Rac2 are capable of stimulating superoxide production in vitro, but their targeting and functional mechanisms are still unknown.	Superoxides	41-51	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
15821039-1	2005	Increased heme oxygenase (HO)-1 activity attenuates endothelial cell apoptosis and decreases superoxide anion (O2-) formation in experimental diabetes by unknown mechanisms.	Superoxides	93-109	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	10-31
15821039-1	2005	Increased heme oxygenase (HO)-1 activity attenuates endothelial cell apoptosis and decreases superoxide anion (O2-) formation in experimental diabetes by unknown mechanisms.	Superoxides	111-113	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	10-31
15821039-8	2005	These data demonstrate that an increase in HO-1 protein and activity, i.e., CO and bilirubin production, in diabetic rats brings about a robust increase in EC-SOD, catalase, and eNOS with a concomitant increase in endothelial relaxation and a decrease in O2-.	Superoxides	255-257	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	43-47
16014615-2	2005	The goals of this study were to determine whether 1) gene transfer of extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD) reduces levels of superoxide and improves endothelial function in the aorta and mesenteric artery in rats with heart failure, and 2) the heparin-binding domain (HBD) of ecSOD, by which ecSOD binds to cells, is required for protective effects of ecSOD.	Superoxides	84-94	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	106-111
16014615-2	2005	The goals of this study were to determine whether 1) gene transfer of extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD) reduces levels of superoxide and improves endothelial function in the aorta and mesenteric artery in rats with heart failure, and 2) the heparin-binding domain (HBD) of ecSOD, by which ecSOD binds to cells, is required for protective effects of ecSOD.	Superoxides	84-94	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	282-287
16014615-2	2005	The goals of this study were to determine whether 1) gene transfer of extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD) reduces levels of superoxide and improves endothelial function in the aorta and mesenteric artery in rats with heart failure, and 2) the heparin-binding domain (HBD) of ecSOD, by which ecSOD binds to cells, is required for protective effects of ecSOD.	Superoxides	84-94	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	282-287
16014615-2	2005	The goals of this study were to determine whether 1) gene transfer of extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD) reduces levels of superoxide and improves endothelial function in the aorta and mesenteric artery in rats with heart failure, and 2) the heparin-binding domain (HBD) of ecSOD, by which ecSOD binds to cells, is required for protective effects of ecSOD.	Superoxides	84-94	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	282-287
16014615-6	2005	Gene transfer of ecSOD, but not ecSODDeltaHBD, reduced levels of superoxide and improved relaxation to acetylcholine and ADP in the aorta and mesenteric artery from rats with heart failure.	Superoxides	65-75	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	17-22
16136772-1	2005	BACKGROUND: Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is characterized by defective bactericidal activity of white blood cells, specifically, a defect in superoxide production.	Superoxides	148-158	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	43-46
15993337-1	2005	The nox2-dependent NADPH oxidase was shown to be a major superoxide source in vascular disease, including diabetes.	Superoxides	57-67	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	4-8
16024814-4	2005	STAT1 knockout macrophages demonstrated profoundly decreased superoxide production and were resistant to treatment with zVAD/LPS, indicating the crucial involvement of STAT1 in macrophage death by zVAD/LPS.	Superoxides	61-71	signal transducer and activator of transcription 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
16024814-7	2005	Conversely, p38 MAPK activation was dependent upon superoxide and was also nullified in STAT1 knockout macrophages, probably due to impaired generation of superoxide.	Superoxides	155-165	signal transducer and activator of transcription 1	Homo sapiens	88-93
16132699-6	2005	This increased iron demand in the sod 2 Delta mutant may be a reflection of the cells" efforts to reconstitute proteins that are inactivated in conditions of excess superoxide.	Superoxides	165-175	superoxide dismutase SOD2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	34-39
15972506-12	2005	We identified proteins homologous to a number of proteins essential for superoxide production in human neutrophils and demonstrated that significant regions of the 67-kDa and 47-kDa insect proteins are identical to regions of the p67phox and p47phox proteins of neutrophils.	Superoxides	72-82	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	242-249
15941833-1	2005	Recent studies demonstrate that oxidative inactivation of tetrahydrobiopterin (H4B) may cause uncoupling of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) to produce superoxide (O2*-).	Superoxides	160-170	H4 clustered histone 4	Homo sapiens	79-82
15941833-1	2005	Recent studies demonstrate that oxidative inactivation of tetrahydrobiopterin (H4B) may cause uncoupling of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) to produce superoxide (O2*-).	Superoxides	172-174	H4 clustered histone 4	Homo sapiens	79-82
15941833-8	2005	Rapid and transient activation of endothelial NAD(P)H oxidases was responsible for the initial burst production of O2* (Rac1 inhibitor NSC 23766 but not an N-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester-attenuated ESR O2*- signal at 30 min) in response to angiotensin II, preceding a second peak in O2*- production at 24 h that predominantly depended on uncoupled eNOS.	Superoxides	115-117	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	120-124
15941833-8	2005	Rapid and transient activation of endothelial NAD(P)H oxidases was responsible for the initial burst production of O2* (Rac1 inhibitor NSC 23766 but not an N-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester-attenuated ESR O2*- signal at 30 min) in response to angiotensin II, preceding a second peak in O2*- production at 24 h that predominantly depended on uncoupled eNOS.	Superoxides	203-205	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	120-124
15824103-3	2005	Here we show that ectopic expression of Nox3 in various types of cells leads to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-independent constitutive production of a substantial amount of superoxide under the conditions where gp91(phox) and Nox1 fail to generate superoxide, i.e. in the absence of the oxidase organizers and activators.	Superoxides	175-185	NADPH oxidase 3	Mus musculus	40-44
15824103-3	2005	Here we show that ectopic expression of Nox3 in various types of cells leads to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-independent constitutive production of a substantial amount of superoxide under the conditions where gp91(phox) and Nox1 fail to generate superoxide, i.e. in the absence of the oxidase organizers and activators.	Superoxides	250-260	NADPH oxidase 3	Mus musculus	40-44
15824103-4	2005	Nox3 likely forms a functional complex with p22(phox); Nox3 physically interacts with and stabilizes p22(phox), and the Nox3-dependent superoxide production is totally dependent on p22(phox).	Superoxides	135-145	NADPH oxidase 3	Mus musculus	0-4
15824103-4	2005	Nox3 likely forms a functional complex with p22(phox); Nox3 physically interacts with and stabilizes p22(phox), and the Nox3-dependent superoxide production is totally dependent on p22(phox).	Superoxides	135-145	NADPH oxidase 3	Mus musculus	55-59
15824103-4	2005	Nox3 likely forms a functional complex with p22(phox); Nox3 physically interacts with and stabilizes p22(phox), and the Nox3-dependent superoxide production is totally dependent on p22(phox).	Superoxides	135-145	NADPH oxidase 3	Mus musculus	55-59
15824103-5	2005	The organizers p47(phox) and Noxo1 are capable of enhancing the superoxide production by Nox3 in the absence of the activators, and the enhancement requires the interaction of the organizers with p22(phox), further indicating a link between Nox3 and p22(phox).	Superoxides	64-74	NADPH oxidase organizer 1	Mus musculus	29-34
15824103-5	2005	The organizers p47(phox) and Noxo1 are capable of enhancing the superoxide production by Nox3 in the absence of the activators, and the enhancement requires the interaction of the organizers with p22(phox), further indicating a link between Nox3 and p22(phox).	Superoxides	64-74	NADPH oxidase 3	Mus musculus	89-93
15824103-5	2005	The organizers p47(phox) and Noxo1 are capable of enhancing the superoxide production by Nox3 in the absence of the activators, and the enhancement requires the interaction of the organizers with p22(phox), further indicating a link between Nox3 and p22(phox).	Superoxides	64-74	NADPH oxidase 3	Mus musculus	241-245
15824103-8	2005	Thus Nox3 functions together with p22(phox) as an enzyme constitutively producing superoxide, which can be distinctly regulated by combinatorial use of the organizers and activators.	Superoxides	82-92	NADPH oxidase 3	Mus musculus	5-9
15893190-0	2005	The tyrosine phosphatase, SHP-1, is a negative regulator of endothelial superoxide formation.	Superoxides	72-82	protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens	26-31
15701043-5	2005	Further confirmation of the potential of C-3-G to counteract UVA-induced ROS formation comes from our demonstration of its ability to enhance the resistance of HaCaT cells to the apoptotic effects of both H2O2 and the superoxide anion (O2*-), two ROS involved in UVA-oxidative stress.	Superoxides	218-234	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	41-46
15701043-5	2005	Further confirmation of the potential of C-3-G to counteract UVA-induced ROS formation comes from our demonstration of its ability to enhance the resistance of HaCaT cells to the apoptotic effects of both H2O2 and the superoxide anion (O2*-), two ROS involved in UVA-oxidative stress.	Superoxides	236-240	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	41-46
15814684-5	2005	In contrast, the N43A mutant, which binds to Por1 (Arfaptin 2), p67phox, and Pak1, is able to rescue superoxide production but not chemotaxis.	Superoxides	101-111	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Mus musculus	64-71
15814684-5	2005	In contrast, the N43A mutant, which binds to Por1 (Arfaptin 2), p67phox, and Pak1, is able to rescue superoxide production but not chemotaxis.	Superoxides	101-111	p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 1	Mus musculus	77-81
15644319-0	2005	Superoxide anions are involved in mediating the effect of low K intake on c-Src expression and renal K secretion in the cortical collecting duct.	Superoxides	0-17	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	74-79
15644319-11	2005	We conclude that O(2)(-) and related products play a role in mediating the effect of low K intake on c-Src expression and in suppressing ROMK channel activity and renal K secretion.	Superoxides	17-21	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	101-106
15753257-1	2005	Using flow cytometry, we observed that interleukin-18 (IL-18) primed human neutrophils (PMNs) in whole blood to produce superoxide anion (O2 degrees-) in response to N-formyl peptide (fMLP) stimulation, whereas IL-18 alone had no significant effect.	Superoxides	120-136	interleukin 18	Homo sapiens	39-53
15753257-1	2005	Using flow cytometry, we observed that interleukin-18 (IL-18) primed human neutrophils (PMNs) in whole blood to produce superoxide anion (O2 degrees-) in response to N-formyl peptide (fMLP) stimulation, whereas IL-18 alone had no significant effect.	Superoxides	120-136	interleukin 18	Homo sapiens	55-60
15788229-0	2005	Tumor promoter TPA stimulates MMP-9 secretion from human keratinocytes by activation of superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	88-98	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	30-35
15596440-1	2005	Interaction of p50 Rho GTPase-activating protein (p50RhoGAP) with Rho family small GTPases was investigated in a yeast two-hybrid system, by radioactive GAP assay, and in a Rac-regulated enzymatic reaction, through superoxide production by the phagocytic NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	215-225	activating signal cointegrator 1 complex subunit 1	Homo sapiens	15-18
15596440-1	2005	Interaction of p50 Rho GTPase-activating protein (p50RhoGAP) with Rho family small GTPases was investigated in a yeast two-hybrid system, by radioactive GAP assay, and in a Rac-regulated enzymatic reaction, through superoxide production by the phagocytic NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	215-225	Rho GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	50-59
15596440-1	2005	Interaction of p50 Rho GTPase-activating protein (p50RhoGAP) with Rho family small GTPases was investigated in a yeast two-hybrid system, by radioactive GAP assay, and in a Rac-regulated enzymatic reaction, through superoxide production by the phagocytic NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	215-225	Rho GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	56-59
15610897-9	2005	CORT (10(-4) to 10(-10) mol/L) rapidly inhibited superoxide anion production by macrophages in less than 30 min.	Superoxides	49-65	cortistatin	Mus musculus	0-4
15610897-12	2005	The results indicated that CORT could rapidly inhibit phagocytosis and superoxide anion production by mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro in less than 30 min by a rapid, nongenomic mechanism, which contributes to the anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive actions of GCs.	Superoxides	71-87	cortistatin	Mus musculus	27-31
15319209-8	2004	Furthermore, production of superoxide anion in aorta and serum levels of amyloid P component, which is the murine analog of C-reactive protein, was increased in old mice.	Superoxides	27-43	C-reactive protein, pentraxin-related	Mus musculus	124-142
15684769-2	2004	Cu/Zn and MnSOD are especially potent scavengers of superoxide anion and likely serve important cytoprotective roles against cellular damage.	Superoxides	52-68	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	10-15
15380626-6	2004	The hyperglycemia-induced post-transcriptional upregulation of MnSOD and CuZnSOD levels suggest a response to increased superoxide production which, in the presence of increased nitric oxide production, may play a major role in the increased risk of damage following hyperglycemic stroke.	Superoxides	120-130	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	63-68
15528331-0	2004	Rac2-deficient murine macrophages have selective defects in superoxide production and phagocytosis of opsonized particles.	Superoxides	60-70	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	0-4
15528331-2	2004	Mice deficient in hemopoietic-specific Rac2 exhibited agonist-specific defects in neutrophil functions including chemoattractant-stimulated filamentous actin polymerization and chemotaxis, and superoxide production elicited by phorbol ester, fMLP, or IgG-coated particles, despite expression of the highly homologous Rac1 isoform.	Superoxides	193-203	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	39-43
15499028-3	2004	This question was addressed by blocking xanthine oxidase (XO), a superoxide-generating enzyme that is upregulated in animal models of heart failure.	Superoxides	65-75	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	40-56
15499028-3	2004	This question was addressed by blocking xanthine oxidase (XO), a superoxide-generating enzyme that is upregulated in animal models of heart failure.	Superoxides	65-75	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	58-60
15255948-7	2004	In wild-type animals, we found significantly lower GADD34 levels than in SOD1 transgenes but no differences in gadd34 mRNA levels, implying that superoxides regulate gadd34 translation.	Superoxides	145-156	protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 15A	Rattus norvegicus	166-172
15253727-10	2004	Kallikrein gene transfer significantly increased nitric oxide and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels in conjunction with reduced salt-induced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADH/NADPH) oxidase activity, superoxide production, transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) mRNA and protein levels, and TGF-beta1 immunostaining.	Superoxides	261-271	kallikrein related peptidase 4	Homo sapiens	0-10
15166213-3	2004	The lysine and leucine biosynthetic pathways each contain a 4Fe-4S cluster enzyme homologous to aconitase and likely to be superoxide-sensitive, homoaconitase (Lys4p) and isopropylmalate dehydratase (Leu1p), respectively.	Superoxides	123-133	3-isopropylmalate dehydratase LEU1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	200-205
15275961-8	2004	It suggests that MnSOD protects the cells in these regions from superoxide-induced damage and therefore may limit the retrograde and anterograde spread of neurotoxicity.	Superoxides	64-74	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	17-22
15145937-2	2004	Resistance to death from the superoxide generator menadione in the hepatocyte cell line RALA255-10G is dependent on down-regulation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/AP-1 signaling pathway by extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2).	Superoxides	29-39	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	169-173
15145937-11	2004	Resistance to death from superoxide therefore requires both PKC/PKD and ERK1/2 activation in order to down-regulate proapoptotic JNK/c-Jun signaling.	Superoxides	25-35	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	64-67
15145937-11	2004	Resistance to death from superoxide therefore requires both PKC/PKD and ERK1/2 activation in order to down-regulate proapoptotic JNK/c-Jun signaling.	Superoxides	25-35	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	133-138
15031143-8	2004	These results emphasize the importance of the direct NADPH-dependent reduction of superoxide-sensitive probes by cytochrome P450-reductase even though this enzyme does not, on its own accord, produce reactive oxygen species.	Superoxides	82-92	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	113-138
15183130-0	2004	Spin adducts of several N-2-(2-alkoxycarbonyl-propyl)-alpha-pyridylnitrone derivatives with superoxide, alkyl and lipid-derived radicals.	Superoxides	92-102	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
15172677-6	2004	In conclusion, alpha-MSH inhibits the production of superoxide radicals by activated rat peritoneal neutrophils and COX contributes to this effect.	Superoxides	52-71	proopiomelanocortin	Rattus norvegicus	15-24
14767536-4	2004	Furthermore, GcMAF enzymatically prepared from the Gc protein enhanced the superoxide-generation capacity and phagocytic activity of monocytes/macrophages.	Superoxides	75-85	GC vitamin D binding protein	Homo sapiens	13-18
14978110-6	2004	Cotransfection of p41(nox) and p51(nox) cDNAs in T84 cells enhanced PMA-stimulated O(2)(-) release 5-fold.	Superoxides	83-87	erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.1	Homo sapiens	18-21
15006693-4	2004	Signals for superoxide production and phospho-PERK were colocalized, which further indicates a pivotal role for superoxide in ER damage.	Superoxides	112-122	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3	Mus musculus	46-50
14734109-1	2004	NADPH oxidase is an enzyme that catalyzes the production of superoxide from oxygen and NADPH.	Superoxides	60-70	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
14734109-1	2004	NADPH oxidase is an enzyme that catalyzes the production of superoxide from oxygen and NADPH.	Superoxides	60-70	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	87-92
14977419-4	2004	Some myopathies, especially those in the cytochrome b subunit, exacerbate free-radical damage by enhancing superoxide production at the ubihydroquinone oxidation site.	Superoxides	107-117	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	41-53
14667941-8	2004	We suggest that adrenaline inhibits fMLP induced superoxide production upstream of the NADPH oxidase via a mechanism involving PKA and cPLA(2).	Superoxides	49-59	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	135-142
14593003-5	2003	In response to oscillatory shear stress, gp91phox mRNA expression was upregulated by 2.9+/-0.3-fold, and its homologue, Nox4, by 3.9+/-0.9-fold (P&lt;0.05, n=4), with a corresponding increase in O2-* production rate.	Superoxides	195-197	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Bos taurus	41-49
14593003-9	2003	The formation of modified LDL via O2-* production may also affect the regulation of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression and monocyte/BAEC binding.	Superoxides	34-36	C-C motif chemokine 2	Bos taurus	84-118
14697672-0	2003	Calcium-dependent mitochondrial superoxide modulates nuclear CREB phosphorylation in hippocampal neurons.	Superoxides	32-42	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
14697672-1	2003	We report evidence that mitochondrially produced superoxide (O(2)(-)) is involved in signaling in hippocampal neurons by examining the relationship between strong but physiological increases in cytosolic free Ca(2+), mitochondrial calcium accumulation, O(2)(-) production, and CREB phosphorylation.	Superoxides	49-59	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	277-281
14697672-1	2003	We report evidence that mitochondrially produced superoxide (O(2)(-)) is involved in signaling in hippocampal neurons by examining the relationship between strong but physiological increases in cytosolic free Ca(2+), mitochondrial calcium accumulation, O(2)(-) production, and CREB phosphorylation.	Superoxides	61-65	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	277-281
14697672-3	2003	Under these conditions, inhibition of mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake and consequent O(2)(-) production suppressed Ca(2+) entry-induced pCREB elevation, indicating that O(2)(-) produced by mitochondria supports CREB phosphorylation.	Superoxides	81-86	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	133-137
14697672-3	2003	Under these conditions, inhibition of mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake and consequent O(2)(-) production suppressed Ca(2+) entry-induced pCREB elevation, indicating that O(2)(-) produced by mitochondria supports CREB phosphorylation.	Superoxides	81-85	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	133-137
14645672-2	2003	Herein, YC-1 was demonstrated to inhibit the generation of superoxide anion (O2-) and the release of beta-glucuronidase release, to diminish the membrane-associated p47phox and to accelerate resequestration of cytosolic calcium in formyl-l-methionyl-l-leucyl-l-phenylalanine-activated human neutrophils.	Superoxides	59-75	RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1	Homo sapiens	8-12
14645672-2	2003	Herein, YC-1 was demonstrated to inhibit the generation of superoxide anion (O2-) and the release of beta-glucuronidase release, to diminish the membrane-associated p47phox and to accelerate resequestration of cytosolic calcium in formyl-l-methionyl-l-leucyl-l-phenylalanine-activated human neutrophils.	Superoxides	77-79	RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1	Homo sapiens	8-12
13129931-10	2003	We suggest that certain mutations in SDH can make it a significant source of superoxide production in mitochondria, which may contribute directly to disease progression.	Superoxides	77-87	succinate dehydrogenase complex iron sulfur subunit B	Homo sapiens	37-40
13129931-11	2003	Our data also challenge the dogma that superoxide production by SDH is a flavin-mediated event rather than a quinone-mediated one.	Superoxides	39-49	succinate dehydrogenase complex iron sulfur subunit B	Homo sapiens	64-67
14563482-0	2003	Spin trapping of superoxide, alkyl- and lipid-derived radicals with derivatives of the spin trap EPPN.	Superoxides	17-27	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
14563482-0	2003	Spin trapping of superoxide, alkyl- and lipid-derived radicals with derivatives of the spin trap EPPN.	Superoxides	17-27	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	87-91
14563482-4	2003	Electron spin resonance spectra and stabilities of the superoxide adducts of the propoxy derivatives were found to be similar to those of the respective EPPN adduct, whereas the electron spin resonance spectra of the superoxide adducts of N-2-(2-ethoxycarbonyl-propyl)-alpha-(4-pyridyl) nitrone and the butoxy derivatives were accompanied by decomposition products.	Superoxides	55-65	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	9-13
14563482-4	2003	Electron spin resonance spectra and stabilities of the superoxide adducts of the propoxy derivatives were found to be similar to those of the respective EPPN adduct, whereas the electron spin resonance spectra of the superoxide adducts of N-2-(2-ethoxycarbonyl-propyl)-alpha-(4-pyridyl) nitrone and the butoxy derivatives were accompanied by decomposition products.	Superoxides	217-227	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	187-191
12894215-4	2003	Interestingly, decreasing intracellular superoxide concentration with an inhibitor of the beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase or by transient transfection with a dominant-negative form of the guanosine triphosphate-binding protein Rac1 resulted in a significant increase in the sensitivity of CEM/Bcl-2 cells to CD95- or merocil-induced apoptosis.	Superoxides	40-50	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	252-256
14656025-4	2003	The resultant increase in superoxide levels is further amplified by homocysteine-dependent alterations in the function of cellular antioxidant enzymes such as cellular glutathione peroxidase or extracellular superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	26-36	glutathione peroxidase 1	Homo sapiens	159-190
14564009-3	2003	In contrast, Rac2, but not Rac1, regulates superoxide production and directed migration in neutrophils, and in each cell type, the two GTPases play distinct roles in actin organization, cell survival, and proliferation.	Superoxides	43-53	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	13-17
12665464-10	2003	Inhibition of NADH dehydrogenase, aconitase, and SDH activities during reoxygenation are due to excess O2-.	Superoxides	103-106	succinate dehydrogenase complex iron sulfur subunit B	Homo sapiens	49-52
12911273-0	2003	Confirmation of superoxide generation via xanthine oxidase in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.	Superoxides	16-26	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	42-58
12911273-2	2003	In this study, xanthine oxidase (XO) system was examined as a potential source of superoxide in mice with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced experimental diabetes.	Superoxides	82-92	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	15-31
12831960-6	2003	It stimulates endogenous H(4)B regeneration, a cofactor necessary for eNO synthesis, inhibits intracellular superoxide generation, and thus enhances the half-life of NO.	Superoxides	108-118	H4 clustered histone 4	Homo sapiens	25-30
14606649-5	2003	Recent studies of our laboratories showed that the membrane-bound gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) enzyme activity--expressed by a number of malignancies, including melanoma--can act as a basal source of superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and other prooxidants.	Superoxides	204-214	gamma-glutamyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	66-92
14606649-5	2003	Recent studies of our laboratories showed that the membrane-bound gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) enzyme activity--expressed by a number of malignancies, including melanoma--can act as a basal source of superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and other prooxidants.	Superoxides	204-214	gamma-glutamyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	94-97
12595275-1	2003	The present study hypothesized that superoxide (O2(-)*) importantly contributes to the regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha expression at posttranscriptional levels in renal medullary interstitial cells (RMICs) of rats.	Superoxides	48-50	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	101-138
12595275-2	2003	By Western blot analysis, it was found that incubation of RMICs with O2(-)* generators xanthine/xanthine oxidase and menadione significantly inhibited the hypoxia- or CoCl(2)-induced increase in HIF-1alpha levels and completely blocked the increase in HIF-1alpha levels induced by ubiquitin-proteasome inhibition with CBZ-LLL in the nuclear extracts from these cells.	Superoxides	69-71	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	195-205
12595275-2	2003	By Western blot analysis, it was found that incubation of RMICs with O2(-)* generators xanthine/xanthine oxidase and menadione significantly inhibited the hypoxia- or CoCl(2)-induced increase in HIF-1alpha levels and completely blocked the increase in HIF-1alpha levels induced by ubiquitin-proteasome inhibition with CBZ-LLL in the nuclear extracts from these cells.	Superoxides	69-71	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	252-262
12595275-7	2003	By Northern blot analysis, scavenging or dismutation of O2(-)* by TEMPOL and PEG-SOD was found to increase the mRNA levels of an HIF-1alpha-targeted gene, heme oxygenase-1.	Superoxides	56-58	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	129-139
12595275-7	2003	By Northern blot analysis, scavenging or dismutation of O2(-)* by TEMPOL and PEG-SOD was found to increase the mRNA levels of an HIF-1alpha-targeted gene, heme oxygenase-1.	Superoxides	56-58	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	155-171
12595275-8	2003	These results indicate that increased intracellular O2(-)* levels induce HIF-1alpha degradation independently of H(2)O(2) and OH* radicals in RMICs.	Superoxides	52-54	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	73-83
12663375-13	2003	CONCLUSIONS: c-Src regulates NAD(P)H oxidase-derived *O2- generation acutely by stimulating p47phox phosphorylation and translocation and chronically by increasing protein content of gp91phox, p22phox, and p47phox in Ang II-stimulated cells.	Superoxides	54-56	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	183-191
12663375-13	2003	CONCLUSIONS: c-Src regulates NAD(P)H oxidase-derived *O2- generation acutely by stimulating p47phox phosphorylation and translocation and chronically by increasing protein content of gp91phox, p22phox, and p47phox in Ang II-stimulated cells.	Superoxides	54-56	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	92-99
12759446-5	2003	In contrast, superoxide production is normal in Rac1-deficient neutrophils but markedly diminished in Rac2 null cells.	Superoxides	13-23	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	102-106
12732715-5	2003	Manipulation of LOL1 expression alters both the superoxide-dependent, runaway cell death phenotype of lsd1 plants and the normal HR.	Superoxides	48-58	LSD1 zinc finger family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	102-106
12475976-2	2003	The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytes consists of a membrane-associated flavocytochrome b(559) and four cytosolic components as follows: p47(phox), p67(phox), p40(phox), and the small GTPase Rac (1 or 2).	Superoxides	4-14	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	183-186
12524405-9	2003	The oxidoreductase inhibitor diphenylene iodonium significantly inhibited O(2)(-) production whereas NADPH and NADH increased production rates.	Superoxides	74-81	thioredoxin reductase 1	Homo sapiens	4-18
12524405-13	2003	CONCLUSIONS: Cultures of transformed and primary epithelial cells from human colon may produce extracellular O(2)(-) through an NAD(P)H oxidase expressing Nox1 and p22(phox).	Superoxides	109-113	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	128-135
12524405-13	2003	CONCLUSIONS: Cultures of transformed and primary epithelial cells from human colon may produce extracellular O(2)(-) through an NAD(P)H oxidase expressing Nox1 and p22(phox).	Superoxides	109-113	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	168-172
12215485-3	2002	LNO2, but not linoleic acid or the nitrated amino acid 3-nitrotyrosine, dose-dependently (0.2 to 1 micromol/L) inhibited superoxide (O2*-) generation, Ca2+ influx, elastase release, and CD11b expression in response to either phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate or N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe.	Superoxides	2-4	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	186-191
12031983-14	2002	Restoration of vasorelaxation with PEG-SOD or allopurinol suggests that the mechanism(s) by which IL-10 preserves endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation involves O(2-), perhaps by reducing production of O(2-) by xanthine oxidase.	Superoxides	160-165	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	210-226
11896062-0	2002	A prenylated p67phox-Rac1 chimera elicits NADPH-dependent superoxide production by phagocyte membranes in the absence of an activator and of p47phox: conversion of a pagan NADPH oxidase to monotheism.	Superoxides	58-68	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	21-25
11896062-1	2002	Activation of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes is the result of the assembly of a membrane-localized flavocytochrome (cytochrome b(559)) with the cytosolic components p47(phox), p67(phox), and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	18-28	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	139-151
12054696-4	2002	Superoxide production was induced by stimulation with serum-opsonized zymosan (OZ) and attenuated by p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580.	Superoxides	0-10	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Bos taurus	101-104
11899098-5	2002	Reactive oxygen species (e.g., superoxide, peroxynitrite, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical) are all potential reactants capable of initiating DNA single strand breakage, with subsequent activation of the nuclear enzyme poly (ADP ribose) synthetase (PARS), leading to eventual severe energy depletion of the cells, and necrotic-type cell death.	Superoxides	31-41	glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase 1	Homo sapiens	255-259
11936750-4	2002	The superoxide scavenging capacity of PNS/TPL-that is, the inhibition of the reduction of cytochrome c in the presence of xanthine/xanthine oxidase (X/XO)-was evaluated in vitro.	Superoxides	4-14	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	131-147
11851353-2	2002	Using isolated microsomal membranes exposed to a superoxide and hydroxyl radical generating system, 9-AAP was found to be at least 10-fold more potent than propranolol (and about 50% as potent as vitamin E) in inhibiting lipid peroxidation.	Superoxides	49-59	serpin family F member 2	Homo sapiens	102-105
11795474-5	2001	Sensitivity of the cancer cell lines to curcumin correlated with the generation of superoxide radicals as determined by the reduction of ferricytochrome C. Curcumin-resistant tumor cell lines showed significantly higher production of Hsp70, thus mounting a stress response and protecting the cells from the apoptotic cell death.	Superoxides	83-93	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 4	Homo sapiens	234-239
11686491-1	2001	This study determined if endothelin (ET-1) generates superoxide anion (O2-) in a cyclooxygenase-dependent manner and if such production contributes to impairment of dilation to activators of ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) and calcium-sensitive K+ (Kca) channels following fluid percussion brain injury (FPI) in newborn pigs equipped with closed cranial windows.	Superoxides	53-69	endothelin-1	Sus scrofa	37-41
11686491-1	2001	This study determined if endothelin (ET-1) generates superoxide anion (O2-) in a cyclooxygenase-dependent manner and if such production contributes to impairment of dilation to activators of ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) and calcium-sensitive K+ (Kca) channels following fluid percussion brain injury (FPI) in newborn pigs equipped with closed cranial windows.	Superoxides	71-74	endothelin-1	Sus scrofa	37-41
11562206-3	2001	In the presence of H(2)O(2), wild-type CcP, adsorbed on a graphite electrode, shows a strong catalytic reduction wave commencing at about 0.8V (pH 5.4); by contrast, H52Q does not exhibit this activity but instead shows a catalytic oxidation current at potentials in the region of 0.9 V. The oxidation current is partly suppressed in the presence of tetranitromethane (a superoxide scavenger) and is not observed for other mutants studied, including H52A.	Superoxides	371-381	cytochrome-c peroxidase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	39-42
11522444-0	2001	Synthesis and biochemical applications of a solid cyclic nitrone spin trap: a relatively superior trap for detecting superoxide anions and glutathiyl radicals.	Superoxides	117-134	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	65-69
11509539-8	2001	Direct exposure of VSM cells to increased superoxide levels by treatment with xanthine/xanthine oxidase increased ERK activation and MMP-9 induction, whereas pretreatment of cells with PD-98059 significantly (P &lt; 0.05) inhibited xanthine/xanthine oxidase-stimulated ERK activation and MMP-9 induction.	Superoxides	42-52	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	133-138
11509539-8	2001	Direct exposure of VSM cells to increased superoxide levels by treatment with xanthine/xanthine oxidase increased ERK activation and MMP-9 induction, whereas pretreatment of cells with PD-98059 significantly (P &lt; 0.05) inhibited xanthine/xanthine oxidase-stimulated ERK activation and MMP-9 induction.	Superoxides	42-52	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	288-293
11509539-9	2001	We conclude that NO inhibits IL-1 beta-stimulated MMP-9 induction by inhibiting superoxide generation and subsequent ERK activation.	Superoxides	80-90	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	50-55
11413138-1	2001	The phagocyte NADPH-dependent oxidase generates superoxide (O(2)) by reducing molecular oxygen through flavocytochrome b(558) (flavocytochrome b), a heterodimeric oxidoreductase composed of gp91(phox) and p22(phox) subunits.	Superoxides	48-58	thioredoxin reductase 1	Homo sapiens	163-177
11509453-10	2001	These data suggest that the reduction of NOS activity associated with inhaled NO therapy may involve ETA receptor-mediated superoxide production.	Superoxides	123-133	endothelin-1 receptor	Ovis aries	101-104
11514595-1	2001	High molecular weight homologues of gp91phox, the superoxide-generating subunit of phagocyte nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-oxidase, have been identified in human (h) and Caenorhabditis elegans (Ce), and are termed Duox for "dual oxidase" because they have both a peroxidase homology domain and a gp91phox domain.	Superoxides	50-60	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	36-44
11488600-3	2001	Our results show that oxidative stress induced by exogenous adding of hydrogen peroxide or superoxide anion in macrophage RAW 264.7 and mouse peritoneal macrophage cultures caused a marked enhancement of calcium-independent PLA2 (iPLA2) activity,whereas the increment of secreted PLA2 (sPLA2) and calcium-dependent cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2) activities were slight.	Superoxides	91-107	phospholipase A2, group IIA (platelets, synovial fluid)	Mus musculus	224-228
11488600-3	2001	Our results show that oxidative stress induced by exogenous adding of hydrogen peroxide or superoxide anion in macrophage RAW 264.7 and mouse peritoneal macrophage cultures caused a marked enhancement of calcium-independent PLA2 (iPLA2) activity,whereas the increment of secreted PLA2 (sPLA2) and calcium-dependent cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2) activities were slight.	Superoxides	91-107	phospholipase A2, group IIA (platelets, synovial fluid)	Mus musculus	231-235
11488600-3	2001	Our results show that oxidative stress induced by exogenous adding of hydrogen peroxide or superoxide anion in macrophage RAW 264.7 and mouse peritoneal macrophage cultures caused a marked enhancement of calcium-independent PLA2 (iPLA2) activity,whereas the increment of secreted PLA2 (sPLA2) and calcium-dependent cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2) activities were slight.	Superoxides	91-107	phospholipase A2, group IIA (platelets, synovial fluid)	Mus musculus	286-291
11498285-0	2001	v-Ha-RaS oncogene upregulates the 92-kDa type IV collagenase (MMP-9) gene by increasing cellular superoxide production and activating NF-kappaB.	Superoxides	97-107	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Rattus norvegicus	34-60
11498285-0	2001	v-Ha-RaS oncogene upregulates the 92-kDa type IV collagenase (MMP-9) gene by increasing cellular superoxide production and activating NF-kappaB.	Superoxides	97-107	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Rattus norvegicus	62-67
11498285-3	2001	v-Ha-Ras mediated the production of superoxide in Ras-transfected cells, which was associated with upregulated MMP-9 gene expression.	Superoxides	36-46	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Rattus norvegicus	111-116
11498285-7	2001	Our findings identify an important role for Ras in the regulation of MMP-9 expression, and suggest that increased superoxide production can upregulate MMP-9 expression and thus contribute to malignant conversion.	Superoxides	114-124	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Rattus norvegicus	151-156
11454569-2	2001	The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG) CoA reductase inhibitor fluvastatin on superoxide anion (O2-) production and ICAM-1 expression in a rat model with vascular remodeling induced by pressure overload.	Superoxides	139-155	3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase	Rattus norvegicus	67-113
11454569-2	2001	The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG) CoA reductase inhibitor fluvastatin on superoxide anion (O2-) production and ICAM-1 expression in a rat model with vascular remodeling induced by pressure overload.	Superoxides	157-159	3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase	Rattus norvegicus	67-113
11457772-0	2001	Contribution of CD54 to human eosinophil and neutrophil superoxide production.	Superoxides	56-66	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	16-20
11457772-2	2001	However, the role of CD54 in eosinophil and neutrophil superoxide production is still uncertain.	Superoxides	55-65	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	21-25
11457772-4	2001	Anti-CD54 monoclonal antibody attenuated leukocyte aggregation and superoxide production of rGM-CSF- or PMA-stimulated neutrophils and PMA-stimulated eosinophils.	Superoxides	67-77	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	5-9
11457772-4	2001	Anti-CD54 monoclonal antibody attenuated leukocyte aggregation and superoxide production of rGM-CSF- or PMA-stimulated neutrophils and PMA-stimulated eosinophils.	Superoxides	67-77	colony stimulating factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	92-99
11457772-9	2001	These data demonstrated that CD54 and CD18 interaction of eosinophils or neutrophils is involved in superoxide production and that the inhibition of superoxide production by theophylline may be at least partly due to the inhibition of CD54 and CD18.	Superoxides	100-110	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	29-33
11500544-0	2001	Phospholipase D and phosphatidic acid-mediated generation of superoxide in Arabidopsis.	Superoxides	61-71	phospholipase D alpha 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-15
11500544-3	2001	Addition of PA promoted the synthesis of superoxide in the PLD alpha-depleted plants, as measured by chemiluminescence and superoxide dismutase-inhibitable, NADPH-dependent reduction of cytochrome c and nitroblue tetrazolium.	Superoxides	41-51	phospholipase D alpha 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	59-62
11500544-7	2001	The added PA was more effective in stimulating superoxide generation in the PLD alpha-depleted leaves than in the PLD alpha-containing, wild-type leaves, suggesting that PA produced in the cell was more effective than added PA in promoting superoxide production.	Superoxides	47-57	phospholipase D alpha 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	76-79
11435314-0	2001	Improved superoxide-generating ability by interferon gamma due to splicing pattern change of transcripts in neutrophils from patients with a splice site mutation in CYBB gene.	Superoxides	9-19	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	165-169
11339504-1	2001	OBJECTIVE: Superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase consists of the membrane-bound cytochrome b558 (gp91phox and p22Phox) and the cytosolic components (p67phox, p47phox, p40phox and rac).	Superoxides	11-21	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	78-90
11339504-1	2001	OBJECTIVE: Superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase consists of the membrane-bound cytochrome b558 (gp91phox and p22Phox) and the cytosolic components (p67phox, p47phox, p40phox and rac).	Superoxides	11-21	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	95-103
11339504-1	2001	OBJECTIVE: Superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase consists of the membrane-bound cytochrome b558 (gp91phox and p22Phox) and the cytosolic components (p67phox, p47phox, p40phox and rac).	Superoxides	11-21	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	156-163
11165257-3	2001	In contrast, the up-regulation of PDF1.2 transcript was mediated through a pathway involving O(2)(&amp;z.rad;-) directly.	Superoxides	93-97	protodermal factor 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	34-38
11145705-2	2001	In bone marrow (BM) neutrophils isolated from rac2(-/-) mice generated by gene targeting, we previously reported that PMA-induced superoxide production was reduced by about 4-fold, which was partially corrected in TNF-alpha-primed BM neutrophils and in peritoneal exudate neutrophils.	Superoxides	130-140	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	46-50
11145705-3	2001	We investigated receptor-mediated activation of the NADPH oxidase in the current study, finding that superoxide production in rac2(-/-) BM and peritoneal exudate neutrophils was normal in response to opsonized zymosan, reduced to 22% of wild type in response to IgG-coated SRBC, and almost absent in response to fMLP.	Superoxides	101-111	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	126-130
10993214-4	2000	Although translocation of p47phox and p67phox to the membrane fraction by PMA-stimulation of intact and GCSF-treated neutrophils occurred in parallel with O2- production, that of CB-treated neutrophils by PMA-stimulation was not always proportional to O2- production.	Superoxides	155-157	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	26-33
10954569-13	2000	Our results indicate that DEN-2 virus infection of human neuroblastoma cells triggers an apoptotic pathway through PLA(2) activation to superoxide anion generation and subsequently to NF-kappaB activation.	Superoxides	136-152	phospholipase A2 group IIA	Homo sapiens	115-121
10856708-0	2000	Phospholipase A2-mediated superoxide production of murine peritoneal macrophages induced by chrysotile stimulation.	Superoxides	26-36	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	0-16
10856708-3	2000	The PLA(2) and PKC inhibitors effectively inhibited the chrysotile-induced superoxide anion production of macrophages, but not the G-protein inhibitor, the 5-LO and COX inhibitors, and the PAF antagonist.	Superoxides	75-91	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	4-10
10856708-5	2000	The two structurally different PLA(2) inhibitors showed differential effects on the PMA-induced superoxide generation: pBPB inhibited it but mepacrine did not.	Superoxides	96-106	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	31-37
10856708-6	2000	These results suggested that (1) PLA(2) and PKC modulate the chrysotile-induced O(2) production, and (2) two different kinds of PLA(2) work upstream and downstream of PKC, but (3) G-protein, 5-LO and COX metabolites, and PAF have no modulatory role in the reaction.	Superoxides	80-84	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	33-39
10990205-17	2000	CONCLUSIONS: H2O2 and superoxide anion radical (O(*-)2) were deduced to be the intermediates involved in the ascorbate/Cu(II)/O2-induced oxidation of cyclic-His peptide.	Superoxides	22-46	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	119-128
10860831-6	2000	Here, we show that like human Rac1, activated Zea mays Rac genes can induce superoxide production, when expressed in a mammalian system: NIH 3T3 cells.	Superoxides	76-86	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	30-34
10838165-6	2000	Superoxide formation by microsomes prepared from the cultured cells was decreased by immunoinhibition of NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase or by its irreversible inhibition by diphenyliodonium chloride, suggesting the involvement of this flavoprotein in radical production.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	105-136
10833264-2	2000	The generation of superoxide from neutrophils of MPO-knockout mice was about 70% of that from wild-type mice.	Superoxides	18-28	myeloperoxidase	Mus musculus	49-52
10669417-3	2000	The study of the mice lacking PLC-beta2 and -beta3 revealed that the PLC pathways have an important role in chemoattractant-mediated production of superoxide and regulation of protein kinases, but not chemotaxis.	Superoxides	147-157	phospholipase C, beta 2	Mus musculus	30-50
10694352-10	2000	Superoxide anions significantly increased matrix metalloproteinase 9 activity but did not increase matrix metalloproteinase 2 activity, which effect was reversed by the addition of superoxide dismutase.	Superoxides	0-17	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	42-68
10694352-15	2000	Matrix metalloproteinase 9 activity in human fetal membranes is directly increased by superoxide anion, a byproduct of macrophages and neutrophils.	Superoxides	86-102	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	0-26
10676651-1	2000	Xanthine oxidase (XO) mediates anticancer activity because of its ability to generate cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide anion radical and hydrogen peroxide.	Superoxides	137-161	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	0-16
10651808-1	2000	Involvement of protein kinase C. Stimulation of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) with PMA initiates a cascade of events leading to the production and release of superoxide anion (O-2), a major component in anti-bacterial defense.	Superoxides	170-186	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	188-191
10625313-0	2000	Effects of long-term nitroglycerin treatment on endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS III) gene expression, NOS III-mediated superoxide production, and vascular NO bioavailability.	Superoxides	126-136	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	109-116
10625313-11	2000	Likewise, A23187-induced, NOS III-mediated O(2)(.-) production was more pronounced in tolerant than in control vessels.	Superoxides	43-47	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	26-33
10625313-13	2000	Pretreatment of tolerant tissue in vitro with the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors reduced basal and stimulated NOS III-mediated O(2)(.-) production and partially reversed vascular tolerance.	Superoxides	130-134	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	113-120
10625313-14	2000	These findings suggest that NTG treatment increases the expression of a dysfunctional NOS III gene, leading to increased formation of O(2)(.-) and decreased vascular NO bioavailability.	Superoxides	134-138	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	86-93
10625313-15	2000	Normalization of NOS III-mediated O(2)(.	Superoxides	34-38	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	17-24
10540223-2	1999	Superoxide generation associated with respiratory burst is largely dependent on the assembly of the NADPH oxidase complex in the membrane, consisting of membrane-bound cytochrome b558 and translocated p47phox and p67phox.	Superoxides	0-10	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	168-180
10540223-2	1999	Superoxide generation associated with respiratory burst is largely dependent on the assembly of the NADPH oxidase complex in the membrane, consisting of membrane-bound cytochrome b558 and translocated p47phox and p67phox.	Superoxides	0-10	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	201-208
10511130-10	1999	This effect on the cNOS pathway seems to attenuate the superoxide anion accumulation induced by nitroglycerin exposure (probably via a downregulation of oxidative enzyme).	Superoxides	55-71	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	19-23
12666954-9	1999	These results suggest that lipopolysaccharide binding protein in rapidly progressive periodontitis serum may be responsible for enhancement of superoxide generation, which may result in more severe tissue damage in these patients.	Superoxides	143-153	lipopolysaccharide binding protein	Homo sapiens	27-61
10555159-6	1999	When compared with NGF, BDNF induced a weaker but significant protective effect on the cells from O2- induced death.	Superoxides	98-100	brain-derived neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	24-28
10555159-8	1999	On the other hand, BDNF increased O2- and decreased H2O2- levels in the same cells, although not so strongly as NGF.	Superoxides	34-36	brain-derived neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	19-23
10555159-9	1999	These results suggest that decreasing conversion from O2- to H2O2 is also critical for the protection by BDNF, which is considered to play a central role in survival and differentiation of CNS neurons.	Superoxides	54-56	brain-derived neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	105-109
10485709-0	1999	Cell transformation by the superoxide-generating oxidase Mox1.	Superoxides	27-37	mesenchyme homeobox 1	Mus musculus	57-61
10485709-5	1999	Here we describe the cloning of mox1, which encodes a homologue of the catalytic subunit of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes, gp91phox.	Superoxides	96-106	mesenchyme homeobox 1	Mus musculus	32-36
10485709-7	1999	In smooth-muscle cells, platelet-derived growth factor induces mox1 mRNA production, while antisense mox1 mRNA decreases superoxide generation and serum-stimulated growth.	Superoxides	121-131	mesenchyme homeobox 1	Mus musculus	101-105
10485709-8	1999	Overexpression of mox1 in NIH3T3 cells increases superoxide generation and cell growth.	Superoxides	49-59	mesenchyme homeobox 1	Mus musculus	18-22
10318800-6	1999	In contrast, the superoxide radical seemed to bypass the intermediate state since NADPH had very little ability to prevent the superoxide radical from converting catalase to compound II.	Superoxides	17-35	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	82-87
10318800-8	1999	Very little NADPH oxidation occurred when NADPH was exposed to catalase, H2O2, or the superoxide radical separately.	Superoxides	86-96	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	42-47
10318872-9	1999	Analyses of the biological activities showed that hMBPH had effects similar to hMBP in cell killing and neutrophil (superoxide anion production and interleukin-8 release) and basophil (histamine and leukotriene C4 release) stimulation assays, but usually with reduced potency.	Superoxides	116-132	proteoglycan 3, pro eosinophil major basic protein 2	Homo sapiens	50-55
10224233-3	1999	We recently identified a novel polyisoprenyl phosphate (PIPP) signaling pathway and found that one of its components, presqualene diphosphate (PSDP), is a potent negative intracellular signal in PMN that regulates superoxide anion generation by several stimuli, including phosphatidic acid.	Superoxides	214-230	phospholipid phosphatase 6	Homo sapiens	143-147
10224233-6	1999	In sharp contrast, activation of the LXA4 receptor reversed LTB4-initiated PSDP remodeling, leading to an accumulation of PSDP and potent inhibition of both PLD and superoxide anion generation.	Superoxides	165-181	phospholipid phosphatase 6	Homo sapiens	75-79
10092521-0	1999	Uncompetitive inhibition of superoxide generation by a synthetic peptide corresponding to a predicted NADPH binding site in gp91-phox, a component of the phagocyte respiratory oxidase.	Superoxides	28-38	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	124-133
10092521-1	1999	The large subunit of cytochrome b558, gp91-phox, is believed to play a key role in superoxide generation in neutrophils by accepting electrons from NADPH and donating them to molecular oxygen.	Superoxides	83-93	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	21-33
10092521-1	1999	The large subunit of cytochrome b558, gp91-phox, is believed to play a key role in superoxide generation in neutrophils by accepting electrons from NADPH and donating them to molecular oxygen.	Superoxides	83-93	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	38-47
10092521-2	1999	We found that a peptide corresponding to a predicted NADPH binding site in gp91-phox inhibited superoxide generation in a cell-free system consisting of neutrophil membrane and cytosol.	Superoxides	95-105	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	75-84
10092643-1	1999	Neuronal nitric-oxide synthase (NOS I) in the absence of L-arginine has previously been shown to generate superoxide (O-2) (Pou, S., Pou, W. S., Bredt, D. S., Snyder, S. H., and Rosen, G. M. (1992) J. Biol.	Superoxides	106-116	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	118-121
11225730-0	1999	The actin cytoskeleton reorganization induced by Rac1 requires the production of superoxide.	Superoxides	81-91	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	49-53
11225730-9	1999	Our data support the hypothesis that superoxide is one of the important mediators acting downstream of rac1 on the pathway of actin cytoskeleton remodeling in endothelial cells.	Superoxides	37-47	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	103-107
10402208-4	1999	Furthermore, a synthetic peptide corresponding to the COOH-terminus of the large subunit apparently blocked superoxide production in a specific and dose-dependent fashion in eel and tilapia neutrophils, indicating that the region equivalent to the COOH-terminus of cytochrome b large subunit is responsible for superoxide generation in fish neutrophils.	Superoxides	108-118	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	265-277
10402208-4	1999	Furthermore, a synthetic peptide corresponding to the COOH-terminus of the large subunit apparently blocked superoxide production in a specific and dose-dependent fashion in eel and tilapia neutrophils, indicating that the region equivalent to the COOH-terminus of cytochrome b large subunit is responsible for superoxide generation in fish neutrophils.	Superoxides	311-321	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	265-277
10214958-0	1999	The extensin multigene family responds differentially to superoxide or hydrogen peroxide in tomato cell cultures.	Superoxides	57-67	extensin-3-like	Solanum lycopersicum	4-12
11674206-5	1999	Superoxide trapping by DEPPPO gave a persistent nitroxide spin adduct, and its half-time life was measured and compared to that of the DEPMPO analogue.	Superoxides	0-10	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	58-62
9895214-4	1999	Oxygen free radicals generated by the hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase system led to a marked increase in the current through GIRK channels, termed superoxide-induced current (I(SO)).	Superoxides	145-155	potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 3 S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	123-127
10072071-4	1999	Superoxide production by rac2-/- bone marrow neutrophils was significantly reduced compared to wild type, but it was normal in activated peritoneal exudate neutrophils.	Superoxides	0-10	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	25-29
10416679-1	1999	Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) is a naturally-occurring scavenger of superoxide, one of several reactive oxygen intermediates.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	32-38
10021465-7	1999	GM-CSF plays an important role in GBS clearance in vivo, mediated in part by its role in enhancing superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production and bacterial killing by alveolar macrophages.	Superoxides	99-109	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	0-6
10048761-1	1999	Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is an enzyme that functions in the mitochondria to detoxify superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	10-20	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	32-37
9716559-1	1998	The corpus luteum expresses two enzymes that scavenge superoxide radicals and protect the cells from their toxic activities: cytosolic copper, zinc-superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD) and mitochondrial manganese-SOD (Mn-SOD).	Superoxides	54-64	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	199-212
9779342-4	1998	G-CSF and GM-CSF have been shown to both enhance neonatal neutrophil superoxide production in vitro and to increase circulating neutrophil numbers through expansion of the NSP in the BM in neonatal rats and humans.	Superoxides	69-79	colony stimulating factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	10-16
9786603-1	1998	We investigated the effect of oxidative stress on the expression of adrenomedullin (AM) mRNA in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), using diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC), which is known to inhibit endogenous Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) and to increase superoxide (O2-).	Superoxides	227-237	adrenomedullin	Rattus norvegicus	68-82
9786603-1	1998	We investigated the effect of oxidative stress on the expression of adrenomedullin (AM) mRNA in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), using diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC), which is known to inhibit endogenous Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) and to increase superoxide (O2-).	Superoxides	282-284	adrenomedullin	Rattus norvegicus	68-82
9712892-1	1998	In the absence of L-arginine, the heme center of the oxygenase domain of neuronal nitric-oxide synthase reduces molecular oxygen to superoxide (O-2).	Superoxides	132-142	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	144-147
9514859-7	1998	Escherichia coli, a species resistant to the antibiotic, did not reduce Q1 and showed lower superoxide anion generation; besides, there was an increase of intracellular SOD with extracellular decrease.	Superoxides	92-108	AT695_RS09750	Staphylococcus aureus	169-172
9497319-4	1998	Kinetic analysis showed that the degradation of S-nitrosothiols in the presence of superoxide proceeded at second order rate constants of 76,900 M-1 s-1 (S-nitrosocysteine) and 12,800 M-1 s-1 (S-nitrosoglutathione), respectively, with a stoichiometric ratio of 1 mol of S-nitrosothiol per 2 mol of superoxide.	Superoxides	83-93	period circadian regulator 2	Homo sapiens	285-290
9461621-2	1998	Anionic amphiphiles, such as arachidonate, activate the superoxide-producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase in a cell-free system with human neutrophil membrane, which contains cytochrome b558 comprising gp91(phox) and p22(phox), and three cytosolic proteins: p47(phox) and p67(phox), each harboring two SH3 domains, and the small GTPase Rac.	Superoxides	56-66	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	170-182
9507510-7	1998	Alkali-lignin also hinders the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, another enzyme related to the generation of superoxide anion radicals, with an IC50 of 123.6 micrograms/ml, and obstructs the growth and viability of cancer (HeLa) cells in a dose-dependent manner.	Superoxides	122-147	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	43-76
9421281-4	1997	In naive guinea-pig AM, 0.06 nM hr-IL-1alpha pretreatment decreased by 65% O2.- release stimulated with 10 nM fMLP.	Superoxides	75-77	interleukin-1 alpha	Cavia porcellus	35-44
9421281-20	1997	In conclusion, hr-IL-1alpha can modulate the responsiveness of AM from naive and sensitized guinea-pigs, as suggested by changes found in the release of PAF and O2.- and in cPLA2 activity; therefore, sensitization itself may affect cellular responsiveness.	Superoxides	161-163	interleukin-1 alpha	Cavia porcellus	18-27
9419017-6	1997	Furthermore, three kinds of bovine serum albumin (BSA) with different purity, and human serum and plasma albumins, also enhanced O2- production to a similar extent to that by rat serum.	Superoxides	129-131	albumin	Rattus norvegicus	35-48
9365277-2	1997	Oxidase specific proteins in the cytosol, p47phox and p67phox, as well as the small GTP binding protein p21rac are important for activation of superoxide production.	Superoxides	143-153	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	42-49
9235911-1	1997	Rates of mitochondrial superoxide anion radical (O-2) generation are known to be inversely correlated with the maximum life span potential of different mammalian species.	Superoxides	23-47	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	49-52
9228059-4	1997	Mutually facilitated binding (EC50) of Rac1 and p67(phox) within the NADPH oxidase complex was demonstrated using steady state kinetic methods measuring NADPH-dependent superoxide generation.	Superoxides	169-179	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	39-43
9223297-2	1997	PLC beta2 deficiency did not affect hematopoiesis, but it blocked chemoattractant-induced Ca2+ release, superoxide production, and MAC-1 up-regulation in neutrophils.	Superoxides	104-114	phospholipase C, beta 2	Mus musculus	0-9
9272645-4	1997	Superoxide anion production by the cells was stimulated by OZ, PMA, Abeta (1-40), and Abeta (25-35).	Superoxides	0-16	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	68-73
9272645-4	1997	Superoxide anion production by the cells was stimulated by OZ, PMA, Abeta (1-40), and Abeta (25-35).	Superoxides	0-16	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	86-91
9177307-0	1997	Synthetic peptides corresponding to various hydrophilic regions of the large subunit of cytochrome b558 inhibit superoxide generation in a cell-free system from neutrophils.	Superoxides	112-122	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	88-100
9177307-1	1997	Cytochrome b558 is a component of the superoxide-generating system in neutrophils and plays key roles in both the assembly of a functional complex with cytosolic proteins and shuttling an electron from NADPH to molecular oxygen.	Superoxides	38-48	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	0-12
9142021-12	1997	Peripheral blood neutrophils from untreated septic animals and septic-nitric oxide animals exhibited significant (p &lt; .05) up-regulation of CD18 receptor expression and oxidant activity (10.5 +/- 0.9 and 5.0 +/- 0.9 nmol of superoxide anion/10(6) neutrophils/10 mins, respectively) compared with both control and control-nitric oxide animals (3.0 +/- 0.6 and 2.6 +/- 0.2 nmol of superoxide anion/10(6) neutrophils/10 mins, respectively).	Superoxides	227-243	integrin subunit beta 2	Sus scrofa	143-147
9142021-12	1997	Peripheral blood neutrophils from untreated septic animals and septic-nitric oxide animals exhibited significant (p &lt; .05) up-regulation of CD18 receptor expression and oxidant activity (10.5 +/- 0.9 and 5.0 +/- 0.9 nmol of superoxide anion/10(6) neutrophils/10 mins, respectively) compared with both control and control-nitric oxide animals (3.0 +/- 0.6 and 2.6 +/- 0.2 nmol of superoxide anion/10(6) neutrophils/10 mins, respectively).	Superoxides	382-398	integrin subunit beta 2	Sus scrofa	143-147
9065490-8	1997	The tyrosine kinases Lyn, Syk, and FAK were activated on exposure of microglia and THP1 monocytes to Abeta, resulting in the tyrosine kinase-dependent generation of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	165-175	spleen associated tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	26-29
8977206-3	1997	IL-10 (2-20 ng/ml)-pretreated MNCs exhibited approximately 40% suppression of superoxide anion (02-) production in response to PMA and FMLP (p &lt; or = 0.003), and anti-IL-10 containing supernatant neutralized the IL-10 effect.	Superoxides	78-94	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	0-5
8996210-9	1997	Superoxide anion production (cytochrome c reduction) by activated neutrophils was reduced by CGS-21680 from 33.8 +/- 5.0 to 8.9 +/- 3.6 nmol/5 min/5 x 10(5) cells (P &lt; .05 vs. PAF-stimulated group).	Superoxides	0-16	cytochrome c, somatic	Canis lupus familiaris	29-41
8982388-1	1996	The superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase consists of membrane-associated cytochrome b558 and cytosolic components, p47-phox and p67-phox.	Superoxides	4-14	cytochrome b	Cavia porcellus	71-83
8961931-1	1996	NADPH-dependent superoxide generation can be reconstituted in a cell-free system using recombinant cytosolic factors (p47-phox, p67-phox, and Rac) plus flavocytochrome b558.	Superoxides	16-26	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	118-126
8961931-1	1996	NADPH-dependent superoxide generation can be reconstituted in a cell-free system using recombinant cytosolic factors (p47-phox, p67-phox, and Rac) plus flavocytochrome b558.	Superoxides	16-26	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	142-145
8972606-2	1996	Expression of the transgenic FeSOD protected both the plasmalemma and photosystem II against superoxide generated during illumination of leaf discs impregnated with methyl viologen.	Superoxides	93-103	Fe superoxide dismutase	Arabidopsis thaliana	29-34
8939991-9	1996	p47(phox) appears to facilitate or stabilize the interaction of p67(phox) and, possibly, Rac1 with cytochrome b559, and is required for optimal generation of O-2 under physiological conditions.	Superoxides	158-161	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	89-93
8837043-1	1996	Based on the inhibition of nitrite formation by generating superoxide from xanthine/xanthine oxidase (X/XO) reaction system, metallothionein (MT) and other sulfhydryl containing amino acids have been selected to test their abilities to scavenge superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	59-69	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	84-100
8810235-3	1996	Copper, zinc-superoxide dismutase (Cu, Zn-SOD), a scavenger of superoxide radicals, whose function is complementary to manganese-SOD (Mn-SOD), is inactivated during glycation.	Superoxides	13-23	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	119-132
8810235-3	1996	Copper, zinc-superoxide dismutase (Cu, Zn-SOD), a scavenger of superoxide radicals, whose function is complementary to manganese-SOD (Mn-SOD), is inactivated during glycation.	Superoxides	13-23	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	134-140
8836527-5	1996	The main range of reduction potentials corresponding to a large superoxide anion production suggests that the redox cycling of these chemicals was mediated by NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase.	Superoxides	64-80	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	159-191
8692878-8	1996	The superoxide production induced by IL-8 was inhibited by anti-IL8R1, but was not affected by anti-IL8R2.	Superoxides	4-14	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 1	Homo sapiens	64-69
8571203-4	1996	METHODS: The effect of GM-CSF on macrophage function in vitro was assessed by measuring superoxide anion and interleukin-6 production, percentage phagocytosis of Candida albicans, and percentage Ia expression.	Superoxides	88-104	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	23-29
8834862-2	1996	We undertook this study to determine whether phospholipase A2-dependent release of arachidonic acid is involved in PCB-induced O2- production.	Superoxides	127-129	pyruvate carboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	115-118
8737784-4	1996	Site-specific immunolocalization of MnSOD could be demonstrated in the cochlear labyrinth, suggesting that the generation of intracochlear O2- was possibly implicated in the metabolically active sites and sites rich in vascularity.	Superoxides	139-142	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	36-41
8907171-8	1996	These results indicate that the decreased levels of cytochrome b558, especially that of the large subunit, is responsible for the low level of superoxide-generating ability of DCs and that the suppression is caused by IL-4.	Superoxides	143-153	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	52-64
7492274-11	1995	Treatment with GM-CSF was associated with increased production from splenic macrophages of interleukin-6, superoxide anion, and nitric oxide as well as decreased interleukin-4 production from splenocytes.	Superoxides	106-122	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	15-21
7492274-13	1995	The antimicrobial properties of GM-CSF may function through enhanced production of nitric oxide and superoxide anion.	Superoxides	100-116	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	32-38
8566012-3	1995	In mice bearing transgenic alpha/beta T cell receptor (TCR) specific for a class I-restricted male-specific peptide, the superoxide-mediated oxidation of HE into ethidium (Eth) is enhanced among thymocytes which are being deleted due to negative selection (CD4+ CD8+ cells expressing the transgenic TCR in male mice) or lack of positive selection (CD4+ CD8- thymocytes from female mice).	Superoxides	121-131	CD4 antigen	Mus musculus	257-260
8566012-3	1995	In mice bearing transgenic alpha/beta T cell receptor (TCR) specific for a class I-restricted male-specific peptide, the superoxide-mediated oxidation of HE into ethidium (Eth) is enhanced among thymocytes which are being deleted due to negative selection (CD4+ CD8+ cells expressing the transgenic TCR in male mice) or lack of positive selection (CD4+ CD8- thymocytes from female mice).	Superoxides	121-131	CD4 antigen	Mus musculus	348-351
8675753-5	1995	Parathyroid hormone treatment significantly enhanced (threefold) release of superoxide anion by monocytes stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and increased migration of monocytes to bone particles in vitro.	Superoxides	76-92	parathyroid hormone	Bos taurus	0-19
7639532-5	1995	The addition of glutathione or cysteine produces a large increase in the intensity of the .DMPO-OH spin adduct signal; experiments employing superoxide dismutase suggest that the increases in the amounts of .DMPO-OH adduct are produced from the decomposition of the spin adduct of the superoxide radical (.DMPO-OOH).	Superoxides	285-303	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	99-103
7639532-5	1995	The addition of glutathione or cysteine produces a large increase in the intensity of the .DMPO-OH spin adduct signal; experiments employing superoxide dismutase suggest that the increases in the amounts of .DMPO-OH adduct are produced from the decomposition of the spin adduct of the superoxide radical (.DMPO-OOH).	Superoxides	285-303	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	266-270
8535399-6	1995	This was theorized by the fact that the induction was also observed in B-16 cells treated with superoxide anion radicals chemically generated in the hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase-reaction system, instead of UV-A irradiation.	Superoxides	95-120	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	162-178
8569737-6	1995	And finally, the data is presented that acetylcholine-induced elevations of intracellular levels of cyclic GMP can be attenuated by muscarinic antagonist, atropine and superoxide anion scavenger, nitroblue tetrazolium.	Superoxides	168-184	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II	Homo sapiens	107-110
7480175-6	1995	The IC50 of abruquinones A, B, D, and F for the inhibition of superoxide formation were less than 0.3 micrograms/ml, for the inhibition of the release of both beta-glucuronidase and lysozyme from rat neutrophils and the release of both beta-glucuronidase and histamine from mast cells were less than 1 microgram/ml.	Superoxides	62-72	glucuronidase, beta	Rattus norvegicus	159-177
7480175-6	1995	The IC50 of abruquinones A, B, D, and F for the inhibition of superoxide formation were less than 0.3 micrograms/ml, for the inhibition of the release of both beta-glucuronidase and lysozyme from rat neutrophils and the release of both beta-glucuronidase and histamine from mast cells were less than 1 microgram/ml.	Superoxides	62-72	glucuronidase, beta	Rattus norvegicus	236-254
7615499-0	1995	Cytochrome b-245 of the neutrophil superoxide-generating system contains two nonidentical hemes.	Superoxides	35-45	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	0-12
7616102-1	1995	Cytosolic components of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase (p47phox, p67phox, and Rac2) translocate to the plasma membrane on cell activation where they interact with a membrane-bound cytochrome b to generate superoxide anion.	Superoxides	202-218	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	53-60
7616102-1	1995	Cytosolic components of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase (p47phox, p67phox, and Rac2) translocate to the plasma membrane on cell activation where they interact with a membrane-bound cytochrome b to generate superoxide anion.	Superoxides	202-218	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	177-189
7616434-3	1995	Antibodies to rat ICAM-1 substantially ameliorated the inflammatory response as indicated by a reduction in gross inflammatory characteristics, tissue/body weight ratio, myeloperoxidase activity and superoxide levels.	Superoxides	199-209	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	18-24
8565724-4	1995	The results suggest that PAF is an important factor causing postburn intestinal mucosal barrier injury, and activation of leukocyte and PLA2 as well as the release of superoxide are important intermediate mechanisms for PAF leading to intestinal mucosal injury.	Superoxides	167-177	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	220-223
7797495-0	1995	The fatty acid bimodal action on superoxide anion production by human adherent monocytes under phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate or diacylglycerol activation can be explained by the modulation of protein kinase C and p47phox translocation.	Superoxides	33-49	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	215-222
7794251-1	1995	Activation of superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase system of human neutrophils involves phosphorylation-dependent translocation of p47phox and other cytosolic components to the plasma membrane.	Superoxides	14-24	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	130-137
7533819-13	1995	In conclusion, these data indicate that LPS directly stimulates O2- production in human monocytes via CD14 depending on LBP.	Superoxides	64-66	lipopolysaccharide binding protein	Homo sapiens	120-123
7878669-14	1995	The enhancing effect of cytochalasin B on PCB-induced O2- production, however, likely involves other mechanisms.	Superoxides	54-56	pyruvate carboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	42-45
7852403-2	1995	As the concentration of pyridine increased, the absorption maxima of the alpha- and gamma-bands of cytochrome b558 shifted which correlated with a concomitant decrease in O2(-)-generating activity.	Superoxides	171-176	cytochrome b	Sus scrofa	99-111
7857983-4	1995	We show in pigs that interleukin-4 (IL-4), a T lymphocyte cytokine which plays a major role in mediating antibody responses to pathogens, suppresses superoxide anion production in macrophages by specifically reducing the level of mRNA encoding gp91-phox.	Superoxides	149-165	interleukin 4	Sus scrofa	21-34
7857983-4	1995	We show in pigs that interleukin-4 (IL-4), a T lymphocyte cytokine which plays a major role in mediating antibody responses to pathogens, suppresses superoxide anion production in macrophages by specifically reducing the level of mRNA encoding gp91-phox.	Superoxides	149-165	interleukin 4	Sus scrofa	36-40
7857983-4	1995	We show in pigs that interleukin-4 (IL-4), a T lymphocyte cytokine which plays a major role in mediating antibody responses to pathogens, suppresses superoxide anion production in macrophages by specifically reducing the level of mRNA encoding gp91-phox.	Superoxides	149-165	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	244-253
7864801-9	1995	Significantly more mRNA for gp91-phox was present in B-cells than in undifferentiated HL60 cells, although it was not quite as abundant as in differentiated HL60 cells, which are capable of producing large amounts of superoxide.	Superoxides	217-227	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	28-37
7852842-4	1995	Superoxide production and Fc receptor-mediated phagocytosis also were reduced in bafilomycin-treated m phi.	Superoxides	0-10	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	103-106
7888254-4	1995	Tissue plasminogen activator was more potent than heparin in inhibiting superoxide production induced by opsonised zymosan or FMLP, but it did not affect the activity stimulated by PMA.	Superoxides	72-82	chromosome 20 open reading frame 181	Homo sapiens	0-28
7888254-6	1995	When heparin was used in combination with tissue plasminogen activator, streptokinase, or urokinase at their therapeutic concentrations there was a significant inhibition of superoxide generation (70%, 30%, and 25%, respectively).	Superoxides	174-184	chromosome 20 open reading frame 181	Homo sapiens	42-70
7888254-7	1995	The therapeutic concentrations of tissue plasminogen activator alone caused a reduction of 40% of neutrophil superoxide production.	Superoxides	109-119	chromosome 20 open reading frame 181	Homo sapiens	34-62
7958970-1	1994	In previous studies, we showed that interleukin-4 (IL-4) suppressed porcine (p) macrophage superoxide production and that the mechanism of suppression involved down-regulation of the superoxide-generating enzyme NADPH oxidase heavy-chain 91-kDa subunit mRNA (gp91-phox) expression.	Superoxides	183-193	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	259-268
7883747-1	1994	Cytochrome b558 composed of large and small subunits, and cytosolic 47- and 65-kDa proteins are important constituents of the superoxide (O2-) generating system in phagocytes and B lymphocytes.	Superoxides	126-136	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	0-12
7883747-1	1994	Cytochrome b558 composed of large and small subunits, and cytosolic 47- and 65-kDa proteins are important constituents of the superoxide (O2-) generating system in phagocytes and B lymphocytes.	Superoxides	138-140	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	0-12
7929839-11	1994	Finally, generation of superoxide anion by xanthine oxidase activated NF-kB, an effect also mitigated by PDTC.	Superoxides	23-39	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	43-59
7521876-5	1994	Granulocyte-like differentiated HL-60 (gHL-60) cells released an increased amount of O2- in response to activated platelets in a P-selectin-dependent manner.	Superoxides	85-87	growth hormone 2	Homo sapiens	39-42
7521876-8	1994	O-Sialoglycoprotease treatment of gHL-60 cells decreased the activated platelet-induced O2- production with concomitant reduction of cell surface sLex expression.	Superoxides	88-90	growth hormone 2	Homo sapiens	34-37
7918597-0	1994	Superoxide generation by lipoxygenase in the presence of NADH and NADPH.	Superoxides	0-10	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	25-37
7918597-1	1994	The ability of soybean lipoxygenase to mediate NAD(P)H oxidation and concomitant superoxide generation in the presence of linoleic acid was examined.	Superoxides	81-91	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	23-35
7918597-11	1994	These results strongly suggest that lipoxygenase not only generates lipid hydroperoxides but can also generate superoxide via oxidation of pyridine nucleotides and may, therefore, significantly contribute to oxidative stress in cells.	Superoxides	111-121	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	36-48
7517218-8	1994	Transduction of gp91phox or p22phox-deficient CGD EBV-B lines resulted in correction of O2-.	Superoxides	88-90	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	16-24
8161194-9	1994	Similar spin-trapping results were obtained in studies of the autooxidation of 3-morpholinosydnonimine, a sydnonimine which generates a flux of both superoxide and nitric oxide.	Superoxides	149-159	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	8-12
8070900-2	1994	The objective of this study was to determine nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion release (O-2) by neutrophils (PMNs) in the septic multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and to compare them with the response of normal cells to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and cytokines.	Superoxides	67-83	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	93-96
8032542-7	1994	Treatment with IL-2 also caused induction of the superoxide-generating enzyme xanthine oxidase (XO) in tissues and serum and induced bacterial translocation in the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN).	Superoxides	49-59	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	78-94
7823534-7	1994	The present findings provide evidence that superoxide generated from HUVEC is responsible for the up-regulation of ICAM-1 expression under H/R, and the cause of endothelial cellular injury.	Superoxides	43-53	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	115-121
8393868-8	1993	These data suggest that superoxide radicals are produced during the oxidation of MPTP by MAO-B and that the generation of H2O2 and .OH was secondary to the production of .O2-.	Superoxides	24-34	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	89-94
8392946-0	1993	Generation of superoxide by purified and relipidated cytochrome b559 in the absence of cytosolic activators.	Superoxides	14-24	cytochrome b	Cavia porcellus	53-65
8392946-2	1993	Relipidated cytochrome b559 was found capable of NADPH-dependent superoxide (O2-) production in the absence of the cytosolic components of the NADPH oxidase complex.	Superoxides	65-75	cytochrome b	Cavia porcellus	12-24
8392946-2	1993	Relipidated cytochrome b559 was found capable of NADPH-dependent superoxide (O2-) production in the absence of the cytosolic components of the NADPH oxidase complex.	Superoxides	77-80	cytochrome b	Cavia porcellus	12-24
8392946-3	1993	The rate of O2- generation by cytochrome b559 varied with the type of phospholipid utilized for relipidation, was absolutely dependent on exogenous FAD, and was enhanced by a critical concentration of anionic amphiphile.	Superoxides	12-14	cytochrome b	Cavia porcellus	30-42
8389142-3	1993	The higher superoxide dismutase activity levels in age-1 mutants confer hyperresistance to the superoxide-anion-generating drug paraquat.	Superoxides	95-111	Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase age-1	Caenorhabditis elegans	51-56
8389142-4	1993	The rate of superoxide anion production by microsome fractions declines linearly with age in age-1(+) worms, but, after an initial decline, is stabilized at a higher level in senescent age-1 mutant nematodes.	Superoxides	12-28	Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase age-1	Caenorhabditis elegans	93-98
8389142-4	1993	The rate of superoxide anion production by microsome fractions declines linearly with age in age-1(+) worms, but, after an initial decline, is stabilized at a higher level in senescent age-1 mutant nematodes.	Superoxides	12-28	Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase age-1	Caenorhabditis elegans	185-190
8504089-7	1993	Recombinant rac augmented superoxide production, while recombinant CDC42Hs, which shares 70% amino acid sequence identity with rac, did not.	Superoxides	26-36	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	12-15
8387097-7	1993	CsA reduced FMLP-induced O2- formation by 20%, but CsB, CsC, CsD, and CsE did not.	Superoxides	25-27	chorionic somatomammotropin hormone 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
8387355-6	1993	Processed Rac1 and Rac2 were both highly active in this system and supported comparable rates of superoxide production.	Superoxides	97-107	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	10-14
7678734-0	1993	The cytochrome b-558 molecules involved in the fibroblast and polymorphonuclear leucocyte superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase systems are structurally and genetically distinct.	Superoxides	90-100	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	4-16
8499494-1	1993	We studied heat shock protein (HSP) synthesis by cultured human neuroblastoma cells in response to either hyperthermia or high levels of superoxide anion (oxygen free radical).	Superoxides	137-153	heat shock protein 90 beta family member 2, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	11-29
8499494-1	1993	We studied heat shock protein (HSP) synthesis by cultured human neuroblastoma cells in response to either hyperthermia or high levels of superoxide anion (oxygen free radical).	Superoxides	137-153	heat shock protein 90 beta family member 2, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	31-34
8499494-3	1993	Exposure to superoxide anion in the presence of the free radical scavenging enzymes, superoxide dismutase and catalase improved cell survival and prevented HSP induction.	Superoxides	12-28	heat shock protein 90 beta family member 2, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	156-159
8225036-10	1993	When spin trapping was conducted on PMNs in suspension, the EPR signal of superoxide adduct (DMPO-OOH) was undetectable after stimulation with fMLP.	Superoxides	74-84	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	5-9
8225036-13	1993	Unlike fMLP, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), which has been most commonly used in spin trapping studies, induced superoxide release which was not influenced by cell adhesion.	Superoxides	114-124	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	83-87
7678602-12	1993	Transfected cell lines from a p47-phox-deficient patient generated normal levels of superoxide and had readily detectable cytosolic p47-phox.	Superoxides	84-94	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	30-38
8384457-6	1993	Preincubation of SENCAR MPs with 100 microM dibromoacetophenone, an inhibitor of phospholipase A2, completely suppressed the superoxide induced by TPA and TG stimulation.	Superoxides	125-135	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	81-97
1281879-0	1992	Modulation of neutrophil superoxide generation by inhibitors of protein kinase C, calmodulin, diacylglycerol and myosin light chain kinases, and peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerase.	Superoxides	25-35	peptidylprolyl isomerase like 1	Homo sapiens	113-180
1328390-3	1992	146:2388), we have demonstrated that the acute phase reactant alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (ACT), a potent inhibitor of the serine protease cathepsin G, also suppresses superoxide anion generation.	Superoxides	165-181	serpin family A member 3	Homo sapiens	62-86
1328390-3	1992	146:2388), we have demonstrated that the acute phase reactant alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (ACT), a potent inhibitor of the serine protease cathepsin G, also suppresses superoxide anion generation.	Superoxides	165-181	serpin family A member 3	Homo sapiens	88-91
1328390-6	1992	We present evidence that ACT does not intefer with agonist-stimulated calcium mobilization or translocation and activity of protein kinase C. ACT was an effective inhibitor of superoxide anion generation in membrane preparations isolated from PMA-activated cells.	Superoxides	176-192	serpin family A member 3	Homo sapiens	142-145
1328203-2	1992	According to recent studies performed in cell-free systems, Rac1 and Rac2 proteins may be involved in the activation of NADPH-oxidase, the superoxide-generating enzymatic complex active in phagocytes.	Superoxides	139-149	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	60-64
1328203-3	1992	Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) transformed B lymphocytes, which express rac1 and rac2 genes, also efficiently release superoxide anions when triggered by various cell surface stimuli.	Superoxides	112-129	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	66-70
1318696-8	1992	It was further observed that the enzymatically active spin-labeled derivative generated superoxide radical in the presence of NADPH and cytochrome c, which in turn reduced completely the attached spin-label.	Superoxides	88-106	spindlin 1	Rattus norvegicus	54-58
1318696-8	1992	It was further observed that the enzymatically active spin-labeled derivative generated superoxide radical in the presence of NADPH and cytochrome c, which in turn reduced completely the attached spin-label.	Superoxides	88-106	spindlin 1	Rattus norvegicus	196-200
1312373-8	1992	The colocalization and cotranslocation of Rap1A with cytochrome b in resting and activated neutrophils is consistent with a functional association of these two molecules in the intact cell and provides further evidence for a role of this LMWG in the structure or function of the neutrophil superoxide-generating system.	Superoxides	290-300	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	53-65
1311166-0	1992	Spin trapping study on the kinetics of Fe2+ autoxidation: formation of spin adducts and their destruction by superoxide.	Superoxides	109-119	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
1311166-5	1992	Another was due to destruction of the spin adduct by superoxide anion (.O2-), because superoxide dismutase (SOD) markedly prevented the decay.	Superoxides	53-69	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	38-42
1533235-1	1992	Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a rare inherited disorder in which neutrophils do not appropriately generate cytotoxic superoxide anion, the respiratory burst, in response to invading bacteria or fungi as a part of normal host defence.	Superoxides	126-142	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	31-34
1309977-0	1992	Generation of superoxide during the enzymatic action of tyrosinase.	Superoxides	14-24	tyrosinase	Homo sapiens	56-66
1309977-1	1992	Evidence for the generation of superoxide anion in an enzymatic action of tyrosinase is reported.	Superoxides	31-47	tyrosinase	Homo sapiens	74-84
1309977-4	1992	ESR studies for the accumulation of semiquinone radicals generated from tyrosine and N-acetyltyrosine in the presence of tyrosinase imply that O2- is not generated by the semiquinone + O2 reaction.	Superoxides	143-145	tyrosinase	Homo sapiens	121-131
1309977-5	1992	Since the addition of H2O2 and dopa to tyrosinase promotes the release of O2- and formation of dopachrome, the Cu(II)O2-Cu(I) complex could be formed as a intermediate (an active form of tyrosinase); [Cu(II)]2 + H2O2 in equilibrium Cu(I)O2-Cu(II) + 2H+.	Superoxides	24-26	tyrosinase	Homo sapiens	39-49
1309977-5	1992	Since the addition of H2O2 and dopa to tyrosinase promotes the release of O2- and formation of dopachrome, the Cu(II)O2-Cu(I) complex could be formed as a intermediate (an active form of tyrosinase); [Cu(II)]2 + H2O2 in equilibrium Cu(I)O2-Cu(II) + 2H+.	Superoxides	24-26	tyrosinase	Homo sapiens	187-197
1531037-1	1992	We recently showed that mRNA levels coding the high-affinity Fc gamma receptor for IgG (Fc gamma R-I, CD64) and two of the components of the phagocytic superoxide anion-generating system--the heavy-chain subunit of cytochrome b558 (gp91-phox) and the 47-Kd cytosolic factor (p47-phox)--are modulated by interferon gamma (IFN-gamma).	Superoxides	152-168	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	215-227
1531037-1	1992	We recently showed that mRNA levels coding the high-affinity Fc gamma receptor for IgG (Fc gamma R-I, CD64) and two of the components of the phagocytic superoxide anion-generating system--the heavy-chain subunit of cytochrome b558 (gp91-phox) and the 47-Kd cytosolic factor (p47-phox)--are modulated by interferon gamma (IFN-gamma).	Superoxides	152-168	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	232-241
1730586-1	1992	Cytochrome b558 is an important constituent of the superoxide-generating system in neutrophils and B lymphocytes.	Superoxides	51-61	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	0-12
1334036-0	1992	Platelet activating factor stimulates and primes the liver, Kupffer cells and neutrophils to release superoxide anion.	Superoxides	101-117	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	0-26
1334036-3	1992	This study examines the direct and priming effects of PAF on superoxide anion release by perfused liver, isolated Kupffer cells and blood neutrophils.	Superoxides	61-77	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	54-57
1334036-4	1992	One hour after PAF infusion at a dose of 2.2 micrograms/kg body weight a significant amount of superoxide release (0.71 +/- 0.1 nmol/min/g liver) was measured in the perfused liver compared with the control livers (0.2 +/- 0.01).	Superoxides	95-105	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	15-18
1334036-5	1992	In the in vitro presence of either phorbol ester or opsonized zymosan, superoxide release following PAF treatment in vivo was significantly increased to 1.36 +/- 0.2 and 4.29 +/- 0.36, respectively.	Superoxides	71-81	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	100-103
1334036-8	1992	PAF added in vitro to the perfused livers, isolated Kupffer cells or neutrophils from normal animals stimulated the release of superoxide with or without the above agonists.	Superoxides	127-137	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
1334036-9	1992	The direct stimulatory effect of PAF on superoxide release was inhibited by the PAF receptor antagonist in vitro.	Superoxides	40-50	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	33-36
1334036-9	1992	The direct stimulatory effect of PAF on superoxide release was inhibited by the PAF receptor antagonist in vitro.	Superoxides	40-50	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	80-83
1334036-10	1992	The role of PAF in the LPS-induced superoxide release by the perfused liver was also examined by the administration of PAF antagonist in endotoxic rats.	Superoxides	35-45	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	12-15
1334036-12	1992	These results indicate that PAF stimulates and primes the hepatic elements to release superoxide.	Superoxides	86-96	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	28-31
1653838-9	1991	LTB4 caused a dose-dependent increase in the production of superoxide anion with an apparent EC50 value of 50 X 10(-9) M in our experimental conditions.	Superoxides	59-75	prostaglandin reductase 1	Cavia porcellus	0-4
1652936-9	1991	Incubation of the macrophages with mCSF enhanced the sugar transport and PMA-dependent stimulation of HMPS activity and superoxide production, indicating a role for mCSF in the "priming" of macrophage functions.	Superoxides	120-130	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	35-39
1651699-1	1991	Previous studies have concluded that cytosolic Ca2+ [( Ca2+]i) transients are essential for neutrophils (PMN) to degranulate and make superoxide anion when challenged with the receptor agonists N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, platelet-activating factor and leukotriene B4.	Superoxides	134-150	carbonic anhydrase 2	Homo sapiens	47-50
1651699-1	1991	Previous studies have concluded that cytosolic Ca2+ [( Ca2+]i) transients are essential for neutrophils (PMN) to degranulate and make superoxide anion when challenged with the receptor agonists N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, platelet-activating factor and leukotriene B4.	Superoxides	134-150	carbonic anhydrase 2	Homo sapiens	55-58
1651223-3	1991	Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a normally occurring adrenal androgen that inhibits glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, the initial enzyme in the pentose phosphate shunt necessary for NADPH generation and superoxide anion formation.	Superoxides	205-221	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	85-118
1649884-5	1991	In fact, adenosine deaminase, which metabolizes adenosine to inactive product, prevents the effects of dipyridamole on superoxide anion generation and on the expression of procoagulant activity by leukocytes.	Superoxides	119-135	adenosine deaminase	Homo sapiens	9-28
1649821-0	1991	Superoxide production by cytochrome b558 purified from neutrophils in a reconstituted system with an exogenous reductase.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome b, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	25-37
1715181-3	1991	Addition of 0.25 U/ml adenosine deaminase to neutrophils plus endothelial cells restored formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine-stimulated neutrophil superoxide production to the level seen with neutrophils alone.	Superoxides	149-159	adenosine deaminase	Homo sapiens	22-41
1715181-4	1991	Deoxycoformycin (10(-4) M), an inhibitor of adenosine deaminase activity, prevented the increase in superoxide production associated with adenosine deaminase addition.	Superoxides	100-110	adenosine deaminase	Homo sapiens	44-63
1715181-4	1991	Deoxycoformycin (10(-4) M), an inhibitor of adenosine deaminase activity, prevented the increase in superoxide production associated with adenosine deaminase addition.	Superoxides	100-110	adenosine deaminase	Homo sapiens	138-157
1676856-1	1991	Components involved in superoxide anion production (cytochrome b) and in cell adhesion processes (CD11b, CD11c, CD18), two early functional responses of neutrophils during acute inflammation, are intracellularly located in resting human neutrophils.	Superoxides	23-39	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	52-64
1676856-1	1991	Components involved in superoxide anion production (cytochrome b) and in cell adhesion processes (CD11b, CD11c, CD18), two early functional responses of neutrophils during acute inflammation, are intracellularly located in resting human neutrophils.	Superoxides	23-39	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	98-103
1649124-1	1991	Bombesin, as well as the two mammalian bombesin-like peptides gastrin-releasing peptide and neuromedin C, have been shown in this study to stimulate in vitro all steps of the phagocytic process in murine peritoneal macrophages: adherence to substrate, chemotaxis, ingestion of cells (Candida albicans) and inert particles (latex beads), and production of superoxide anion as measured by nitroblue tetrazolium reduction.	Superoxides	355-371	gastrin releasing peptide	Homo sapiens	0-8
1649124-1	1991	Bombesin, as well as the two mammalian bombesin-like peptides gastrin-releasing peptide and neuromedin C, have been shown in this study to stimulate in vitro all steps of the phagocytic process in murine peritoneal macrophages: adherence to substrate, chemotaxis, ingestion of cells (Candida albicans) and inert particles (latex beads), and production of superoxide anion as measured by nitroblue tetrazolium reduction.	Superoxides	355-371	gastrin releasing peptide	Homo sapiens	92-104
1649131-4	1991	Group II PLA2 purified from synovial fluid or from placenta caused marked spontaneous superoxide generation followed by inhibition of phagocytosis-induced burst of energy.	Superoxides	86-96	phospholipase A2 group IIA	Homo sapiens	9-13
1848582-0	1991	Inhibition of human neutrophil superoxide generation by alpha 1-antichymotrypsin.	Superoxides	31-41	serpin family A member 3	Homo sapiens	56-80
1848559-8	1991	Taken together these results indicate that PKC-dependent phosphorylation of p47-phox correlates with association of p47-phox with the cytoskeleton and with translocation of p47-phox and p67-phox to the plasma membrane, with the ensuing assembly of an active superoxide-generating NADPH-dependent oxidase.	Superoxides	258-268	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	76-84
1848116-0	1991	2.5S nerve growth factor enhances survival, phagocytosis, and superoxide production of murine neutrophils.	Superoxides	62-72	nerve growth factor	Mus musculus	5-24
1848116-6	1991	NGF enhanced the superoxide production induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), which acts at postreceptor sites, and that induced by opsonized zymosan, a receptor-mediated ligand.	Superoxides	17-27	nerve growth factor	Mus musculus	0-3
1848116-8	1991	The present data show that NGF bound to neutrophils enhances their survival, phagocytosis, and superoxide production.	Superoxides	95-105	nerve growth factor	Mus musculus	27-30
2001291-1	1991	The manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) constitutes one of the major cellular defense mechanisms against the toxic effects of superoxide radical.	Superoxides	140-158	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	4-45
2001291-1	1991	The manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) constitutes one of the major cellular defense mechanisms against the toxic effects of superoxide radical.	Superoxides	140-158	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	47-52
2001291-3	1991	Further experiments have shown that the transcriptional rate of the gene coding for MnSOD in rat lungs is increased at day 3 of 85% O2 exposure.	Superoxides	132-134	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	84-89
2044603-2	1991	Two main types of CGD are known, an X-linked form which is normally associated with the absence of cytochrome b558, a component of the membrane-associated reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase which generates superoxide and an autosomal recessive form, in which cytochrome b558 is present, caused by the deficiency of a cytosolic factor required to activate NADPH oxidase.	Superoxides	239-249	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	99-111
1965497-6	1990	When each agent was administered after pre-incubation with adenosine deaminase (ADA) (0.1 U/mL), O2- production was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner in comparison with that under administration of ADA alone.	Superoxides	97-99	adenosine deaminase	Homo sapiens	59-78
1965497-6	1990	When each agent was administered after pre-incubation with adenosine deaminase (ADA) (0.1 U/mL), O2- production was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner in comparison with that under administration of ADA alone.	Superoxides	97-99	adenosine deaminase	Homo sapiens	80-83
1963276-0	1990	Spin-trapping of superoxide by 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide: application to isolated perfused organs.	Superoxides	17-27	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
1963276-2	1990	For superoxide and hydroxyl radical, the spin trap 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline 1-oxide (DMPO) is most frequently used.	Superoxides	4-14	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	41-45
2243141-2	1990	A membrane-bound cytochrome b, a heterodimer formed by a 91-kD glycoprotein (heavy chain) and a 22-kD polypeptide (light chain), is an essential component of the phagocyte NADPH-oxidase responsible for superoxide generation.	Superoxides	202-212	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	17-29
2153545-15	1990	These findings indicate that cytochrome b558 is probably a membrane component of the O2--generating NADPH oxidase and its activation in the cell-free system requires the reconstitution with phospholipids.	Superoxides	85-87	cytochrome b	Sus scrofa	29-41
2160241-2	1990	Both compounds exhibited inhibitory effect with concentration dependency on the n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP)-induced superoxide (O-2) production by human PMN.	Superoxides	135-145	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	147-150
2133288-8	1990	Thus, the enhancing effect of PAF on IL-1 release appears to be due to the production of lipoxygenase metabolites, leading to superoxide production and alterations of cAMP levels.	Superoxides	126-136	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	30-33
2166208-2	1990	The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the role of CD11b/CD18 membrane glycoproteins on superoxide release from granulocytes.	Superoxides	95-105	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	58-63
2172700-0	1990	Spin-trapping methods for detecting superoxide and hydroxyl free radicals in vitro and in vivo.	Superoxides	36-46	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
3026324-1	1986	The reduction with dithionite of neutrophil cytochrome b-558, implicated in superoxide generation by activated neutrophils, was investigated by a stopped-flow technique in non-ionic-detergent extracts of the membranes and in crude membrane particles.	Superoxides	76-86	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	44-56
34890952-0	2022	Facile fabrication of Fe/Fe3C embedded in N-doped carbon nanofiber for efficient degradation of tetracycline via peroxymonosulfate activation: Role of superoxide radical and singlet oxygen.	Superoxides	151-169	general transcription factor IIE subunit 1	Homo sapiens	22-24
34971634-1	2022	Superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase, gp91phox/NOX2, in phagocytes plays a critical role in the host defenses against pathogens.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	36-44
34971634-1	2022	Superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase, gp91phox/NOX2, in phagocytes plays a critical role in the host defenses against pathogens.	Superoxides	0-10	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	45-49
34971634-3	2022	Therefore, investigating the level of gp91phox/NOX2 with immunoblotting is important for estimating the amount of superoxide produced.	Superoxides	114-124	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	38-46
34971634-3	2022	Therefore, investigating the level of gp91phox/NOX2 with immunoblotting is important for estimating the amount of superoxide produced.	Superoxides	114-124	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	47-51
34678428-9	2022	Furthermore, compared with WT lines, salinity stress further upregulated the level of AtNRX1 (homologous gene of TaNRX-D1 in Arabidopsis) expression and the activity of superoxide dismutase in TaVDAC1-B OE lines, which led to a decrease in superoxide radical accumulation; drought stress further downregulated AtNRX1 expression and superoxide dismutase activity in TaVDAC1-B OE lines, resulting in the accumulation of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	240-258	DC1 domain-containing protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	86-92
34678428-9	2022	Furthermore, compared with WT lines, salinity stress further upregulated the level of AtNRX1 (homologous gene of TaNRX-D1 in Arabidopsis) expression and the activity of superoxide dismutase in TaVDAC1-B OE lines, which led to a decrease in superoxide radical accumulation; drought stress further downregulated AtNRX1 expression and superoxide dismutase activity in TaVDAC1-B OE lines, resulting in the accumulation of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	418-428	DC1 domain-containing protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	86-92
34678428-9	2022	Furthermore, compared with WT lines, salinity stress further upregulated the level of AtNRX1 (homologous gene of TaNRX-D1 in Arabidopsis) expression and the activity of superoxide dismutase in TaVDAC1-B OE lines, which led to a decrease in superoxide radical accumulation; drought stress further downregulated AtNRX1 expression and superoxide dismutase activity in TaVDAC1-B OE lines, resulting in the accumulation of superoxide radicals.	Superoxides	418-428	DC1 domain-containing protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	310-316
34952138-4	2022	We found that Cd damaged liver cells, destroy the structure and function of mitochondria, and increased the production of superoxide anions.	Superoxides	122-139	cathepsin D	Mus musculus	14-16
34973363-3	2022	Here, we found that shikonin modified the Sec498 residue of TrxR1 to fully inhibit its antioxidant activity, however, the shikonin-modified TrxR1 still remained intrinsic NADPH oxidase activity, which promotes superoxide anions production.	Superoxides	210-227	thioredoxin reductase 1	Homo sapiens	60-65
34973363-3	2022	Here, we found that shikonin modified the Sec498 residue of TrxR1 to fully inhibit its antioxidant activity, however, the shikonin-modified TrxR1 still remained intrinsic NADPH oxidase activity, which promotes superoxide anions production.	Superoxides	210-227	thioredoxin reductase 1	Homo sapiens	140-145
34973363-4	2022	Besides, TrxR1 efficiently reduced shikonin in both selenocysteine dependent and selenocysteine independent manners, the oxygen-coupled redox cycling of shikonin also generates excessive superoxide anions.	Superoxides	187-197	thioredoxin reductase 1	Homo sapiens	9-14
34883403-11	2021	ROCK1 overexpression promoted NOX1 and NOX2 expressions, superoxide and H2O2 production, VSMCs migration and proliferation in both WKY and SHR, which were attenuated by RND3 overexpression.	Superoxides	57-67	Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
34884437-4	2021	In HL-60 cells, NAC activated NOX2 to produce superoxide (O2 -).	Superoxides	46-56	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	30-34
34768760-5	2021	We demonstrated that the expression of antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutases SOD1 and SOD2) were elevated in EAE rat brains.	Superoxides	62-72	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	93-97
34639144-8	2021	As early as 120 min of incubation, sperm samples with larger PARK7 content showed higher percentages of viable and acrosome-intact sperm, lipid disorder and superoxide levels, and lower intracellular calcium levels when compared to sperm samples with lower PARK7.	Superoxides	157-167	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Sus scrofa	61-66
34638478-6	2021	Consistently, in high miR-27a-/low FOXJ3-expressing cells, mitochondria are functionally characterized by lower superoxide production, respiration capacity, and membrane potential, as evaluated by OCR assays and confocal microscopy.	Superoxides	112-122	microRNA 27a	Mus musculus	22-29
34447480-11	2021	The malondialdehyde content was significantly decreased, whereas superoxide dismutase and glutathione levels were increased following IL-22 treatment.	Superoxides	65-75	interleukin 22	Homo sapiens	134-139
34639006-7	2021	Using gene co-expression and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analyses, we identified complex I subunits NDUFS6 and NDUFA11 as RORalpha targets that mediated its function in suppressing superoxide generation in mitochondria.	Superoxides	190-200	RAR related orphan receptor A	Homo sapiens	131-139
34478853-7	2021	q-PCR and DHE staining showed that the expressions of NADPH oxidase 1/4 (Nox1/4) were up-regulated, along with the increased production of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	139-155	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	54-71
34478853-7	2021	q-PCR and DHE staining showed that the expressions of NADPH oxidase 1/4 (Nox1/4) were up-regulated, along with the increased production of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	139-155	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	73-79
34312076-2	2021	Superoxide scavenging induces its oxidation, disabling activation of the enzymes methionine synthase and methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, disrupting gene expression and energy production.	Superoxides	0-10	5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase	Homo sapiens	81-100
34312076-2	2021	Superoxide scavenging induces its oxidation, disabling activation of the enzymes methionine synthase and methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, disrupting gene expression and energy production.	Superoxides	0-10	methylmalonyl-CoA mutase	Homo sapiens	105-129
34270373-6	2021	Furthermore, Ang II-induced increased levels of superoxide anion (O2-) and NADPH oxidase activity and increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and AKT that are implicated in enhanced expression of Gialpha proteins and hyperproliferation of VSMC were also attenuated to control levels by silencing of Sirt1.	Superoxides	48-64	sirtuin 1	Homo sapiens	295-300
34424708-5	2021	Spectroscopic and computational studies of this species support a high-spin Fe(III) center antiferromagnetically coupled to a superoxide ligand, similar to that proposed for numerous nonheme iron oxygenases.	Superoxides	126-136	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	71-75
34447955-9	2021	Also, a linear effect was observed on the glucose and superoxide dismutase of blood profile with the dietary inclusion of GOx.	Superoxides	54-64	hydroxyacid oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	122-125
35553293-5	2022	Under hypoxic conditions, the levels of superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde were decreased, whereas that of nitric oxide was increased in zebrafish injected with GD-EPO compared with those injected with S. prenanti-EPO (SP-EPO).	Superoxides	40-50	erythropoietin a	Danio rerio	170-173
35114419-11	2022	In conclusion, cardiac-specific AC4 gene expression protects against Klotho deficiency-induced heart failure through increasing cardiomyocytic cAMP levels, which alleviates cAMP-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction, superoxide accumulation and apoptotic cell death.	Superoxides	215-225	klotho	Homo sapiens	69-75
35395832-5	2022	In addition, S1-OPA1 overexpression significantly aggravated mitochondrial damage in neurons exposed to OGD for 60 min and 24 h after OGD/R, characterized by mitochondrial fragmentation, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial cristae ultrastructural damage, increased superoxide production, decreased ATP production and increased mitochondrial apoptosis, which was inhibited by the lysine 301 to alanine mutation (K301A).	Superoxides	287-297	OPA1, mitochondrial dynamin like GTPase	Mus musculus	16-20
35174211-8	2021	Increased superoxide formation in the brain was mirrored by a downregulation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (Nos3) and transcription factor Foxo3 genes, whereas Vcam1 mRNA, a marker for inflammation was upregulated in all noise exposure groups.	Superoxides	10-20	forkhead box O3	Mus musculus	143-148
35146419-6	2022	PERK activation resulted in altered mitochondrial function evident by increased mitochondrial superoxide production and compromised mitochondrial homeostasis with decrease in Mfn-2 levels.	Superoxides	94-104	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3	Mus musculus	0-4
35126448-3	2021	In this study, the roles of APX proteins in the cold response and superoxide metabolism pathways in rapeseed species were investigated, and a comprehensive analysis of phylogeny, chromosome distribution, motif identification, sequence structure, gene duplication, and RNA-seq expression profiles in the APX gene family was conducted.	Superoxides	66-76	L-ascorbate peroxidase 1, cytosolic	Brassica rapa	28-31
2556453-1	1989	A membrane-bound cytochrome b, a heterodimer formed by a 91-kD glycoprotein and a 22-kD polypeptide, is a critical component of the phagocyte NADPH-oxidase responsible for the generation of superoxide anion.	Superoxides	190-206	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	17-29
2509942-1	1989	Activation of the superoxide generating system in human neutrophils is thought to involve the interaction or assembly of cytochrome b with other cytosolic and membrane proteins.	Superoxides	18-28	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	121-133
2509942-5	1989	The association of a Ras-related GTP-binding protein with cytochrome b of human neutrophils could indicate a role for such a protein in the transduction, regulation or structure of the superoxide generating system.	Superoxides	185-195	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	58-70
2507133-4	1989	In contrast to H2O2, superoxide generated extracellularly by xanthine/xanthine oxidase or intracellularly by menadione was inactive.	Superoxides	21-31	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	70-86
2507133-6	1989	Treatment of cells with superoxide, generated extracellularly by xanthine/xanthine oxidase or intracellularly by menadione, diminished the [3H]phorbol dibutyrate-binding capacity of the cytosol fractions prepared at low Ca2+ concentration.	Superoxides	24-34	xanthine dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	74-90
2547247-1	1989	A 47-kilodalton neutrophil cytosol factor (NCF-47k), required for activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase superoxide (O2-.)	Superoxides	140-150	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	43-50
2547247-1	1989	A 47-kilodalton neutrophil cytosol factor (NCF-47k), required for activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase superoxide (O2-.)	Superoxides	152-154	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	43-50
2547247-6	1989	Recombinant NCF-47k restored O2-.	Superoxides	29-31	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	12-19
2464338-15	1989	Overall, these results suggest that NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase catalyzes the one-electron reduction of resorufin (probably to the corresponding semiquinoneimine radical) which can either undergo a second, one-electron reduction (presumably to the corresponding dihydroquinoneimine) or a one-electron oxidation by reducing molecular O2 to superoxide anion.	Superoxides	337-339	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	36-67
2464338-15	1989	Overall, these results suggest that NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase catalyzes the one-electron reduction of resorufin (probably to the corresponding semiquinoneimine radical) which can either undergo a second, one-electron reduction (presumably to the corresponding dihydroquinoneimine) or a one-electron oxidation by reducing molecular O2 to superoxide anion.	Superoxides	343-359	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	36-67
2546868-3	1989	Rates of both antimycin A-resistant respiration of isolated mitochondria and O2 generation at ubiquinone-cytochrome b site by submitochondrial particles increased during aging and were associated with life expectancy of flies.	Superoxides	77-79	CYTB	Musca domestica	105-117
2501113-10	1989	Drastic peroxidative conditions involving superoxide and prolonged incubation in the presence of iron were found to destroy flavin nucleotides, inhibit NADPH:cytochrome P-450 reductase and inhibit propagation step of lipid peroxidation.	Superoxides	42-52	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	152-157
2501113-12	1989	Reactive oxo-complex formed between iron and superoxide is proposed as an ultimate species for the initiation of lipid peroxidation in microsomes from human term placenta as well as for the destruction of flavin nucleotides and inhibition of NADPH:cytochrome P-450 reductase as well as for impairment of promotion of lipid peroxidation under drastic peroxidative conditions.	Superoxides	45-55	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	242-247
2848319-6	1988	It is proposed that NCF-1, NCF-2, and NCF-3 are essential for generation of O2.- by phagocytic cells and that genetic abnormalities of these cytosol components can result in the CGD phenotype.	Superoxides	76-78	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	20-25
2850768-11	1988	Under aerobic conditions the ferredoxin reductase/NADPH/actinomycin D system generated the superoxide anion radical by reducing molecular oxygen.	Superoxides	91-115	ferredoxin reductase	Bos taurus	29-49
2849347-8	1988	A decrease in rat PAM membrane cytochrome b558 levels was observed after ozone exposure of 3 ppm for 3 h, preliminarily suggesting that the mechanism by which ozone interferes with PAM O2- production may be through interaction with this heme-containing electron carrier.	Superoxides	185-187	cytochrome b, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	31-43
3196315-9	1988	The wide diversity of EC-SOD in the vascular system of mammals with regard to total amount, division into fractions and distribution between plasma and endothelium indicates that the pathogenic potential of superoxide radicals in the extracellular space might vary much between species.	Superoxides	207-217	superoxide dismutase 3	Rattus norvegicus	22-28
2836109-5	1988	In addition, captopril, MPG, or NAC, but not teprotide or enalaprilat, scavenge superoxide anion production by the purine-xanthine oxidase reaction and by canine neutrophils activated with phorbol myristate acetate.	Superoxides	80-96	N-methylpurine DNA glycosylase	Canis lupus familiaris	24-27
3023612-0	1986	Spin trapping of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals with substituted pyrroline 1-oxides.	Superoxides	17-27	spindlin 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
3023612-4	1986	Hyperfine coupling constants for the spin trapping of superoxide and hydroxyl radical by the various nitrones were determined.	Superoxides	54-64	spindlin 1	Rattus norvegicus	37-41
3023612-5	1986	The rate of spin trapping of superoxide with each nitrone was conducted by competitive kinetics with superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Superoxides	29-39	spindlin 1	Rattus norvegicus	12-16
3023754-1	1986	Derivatives of superoxide (O-2), produced by phagocytic cells, are thought to play a role in the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and other disease states.	Superoxides	15-25	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	27-30
3760584-4	1986	The NADPH-dependent superoxide anion-forming activity (NADPH oxidase) was investigated in different populations of human and mouse macrophages.	Superoxides	20-36	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	4-9
3760584-4	1986	The NADPH-dependent superoxide anion-forming activity (NADPH oxidase) was investigated in different populations of human and mouse macrophages.	Superoxides	20-36	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	55-60
3760584-5	1986	NADPH oxidase was activated by stimulation of macrophages with phorbol-myristate acetate and activity levels correlated with ability of intact cells to produce superoxide anion.	Superoxides	160-176	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
3017930-2	1986	Extracellular release of superoxide anion (O-2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) during the respiratory burst of porcine and human neutrophils was studied by using diacetyldeuteroheme-substituted horseradish peroxidase as a trapping agent for these oxygen derivatives.	Superoxides	25-41	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	43-46
3019604-2	1986	Superoxide anion production and degranulation of rat neutrophils, upon stimulation with the liver membrane vesicles, were measured by cytochrome c reduction before and after the addition of superoxide dismutase, and beta-glucuronidase release respectively.	Superoxides	0-16	glucuronidase, beta	Rattus norvegicus	216-234
3021127-3	1986	Perhydroxyl or superoxide radicals (HO.2 or O-2) cannot be established as the inactivating species in this mechanism, but they influence the rate of reconversion of the intermediate lactoperoxidase-compound III back to the resting ferric form of the enzyme.	Superoxides	15-34	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	44-47
2577732-2	1986	According to the rates of reduction and the concentration of O2- and H2O2, the metal complexes may serve either as catalyst of O2- dismutation or as catalysts of the reaction between O2- and H2O2 to form OH.	Superoxides	61-63	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	183-195
3007813-0	1985	[A colorimetric method for determination of guanase activity in serum based on superoxide anion with elimination of interference by endogenous xanthine].	Superoxides	79-95	guanine deaminase	Homo sapiens	44-51
4063352-9	1985	Association of cytochrome b with the NADPH oxidase activity and its very low Em7.0 makes it a suitable candidate to be part of the superoxide-generating system also in macrophages.	Superoxides	131-141	cytochrome b	Cavia porcellus	15-27
2996947-7	1985	Priming can be explained at least in part by a modification of the respiratory burst enzyme such that it binds its substrate NADPH, the source of electrons for reduction of oxygen to superoxide anion, more efficiently.	Superoxides	183-199	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	125-130
3862727-2	1985	The basis for this response appears to be an NAD(P)H oxidase that utilizes reduced NAD(P)H to form superoxide anion.	Superoxides	99-115	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	45-52
3876795-1	1985	To kill microorganisms, phagocytes exhibit an oxidative burst with, in particular, a NADPH-dependent, superoxide-generating system that consists, in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), of a flavin enzyme and cytochrome b-245 (cyt b-245).	Superoxides	102-112	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	208-220
2992509-1	1985	Effects of islet-activating protein (IAP) were examined to assess the involvement of the guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory protein responsible for inhibition of adenylate cyclase system (Ni protein) in the superoxide anion (O-2) production in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) stimulated with various agents.	Superoxides	210-226	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	228-231
2862014-2	1985	Since reactive oxygen species are crucial to these activities, the affect of opioid peptides on superoxide (O-2) generation was evaluated with the use of lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminesence (CL).	Superoxides	96-106	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	108-111
6319411-1	1984	Resealed erythrocyte membranes (ghosts) filled with (Fe3+)cytochrome c were used as an assay system to measure the release of superoxide (O-2) from human phagocytes into the incubation medium.	Superoxides	126-136	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	138-141
6320013-8	1984	We thus conclude that cytochrome b is part of the O2-/H2O2 generating system and that somatic cell hybridization experiments with monocytes provide a means of studying the genetic background of CGD patients.	Superoxides	50-52	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	22-34
6328179-0	1984	Spin trapping of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals.	Superoxides	17-27	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
6317450-1	1983	Treatment of human neutrophils with triphenyltin chloride (TPTCl)-inhibited superoxide (O-2) production stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).	Superoxides	76-86	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	88-91
6315837-1	1983	Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells exposed to the synthetic chemotactic factor n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) were enhanced in their ability to generate superoxide anion (O-2), hydroxyl radical (OH.	Superoxides	175-191	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	193-196
6311934-8	1983	Removal of endogenous adenosine by incubation of neutrophils with exogenous adenosine deaminase (ADA) led to marked enhancement of superoxide anion generation in response to FMLP.	Superoxides	131-147	adenosine deaminase	Homo sapiens	76-95
6311934-8	1983	Removal of endogenous adenosine by incubation of neutrophils with exogenous adenosine deaminase (ADA) led to marked enhancement of superoxide anion generation in response to FMLP.	Superoxides	131-147	adenosine deaminase	Homo sapiens	97-100
6311934-9	1983	Inactivation of ADA with DCF abrogated the enhancement of superoxide anion generation.	Superoxides	58-74	adenosine deaminase	Homo sapiens	16-19
6324567-1	1983	The second order rate constant for the reaction between ascorbic acid and superoxide at pH 7.4 using the xanthine-xanthine oxidase system was estimated to be 5.4 x 10(6) M-1 sec-1.	Superoxides	74-84	secretory blood group 1, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	174-179