PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 11687292-3 2001 Intact WISH cells catabolise deoxyinosine by conversion into hypoxanthine. deoxyinosine 29-41 NCK interacting protein with SH3 domain Homo sapiens 7-11 12492113-2 2002 This causes an increase in intracellular levels of cGMP, thus activating the cGMP-dependent protein kinase G (PKG), which then activates pathways that lead to apoptosis. Cyclic GMP 51-55 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 110-113 12055134-11 2002 These results indicate that in human pulmonary epithelial cells, YC-1 might activate PKG through an upstream sGC/cGMP pathway to elicit PKC-alpha activation, which in turn, initiates p44/42 MAPK activation, and finally induces COX-2 expression. Cyclic GMP 113-117 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 85-88 12187429-12 2002 CONCLUSIONS: Patients with RM and mutations in the CNGA3/CNGB3 genes presented a similar clinical phenotype, confirming the essential function of both the alpha- and beta-subunits of the cGMP-gated cation channel in cone photoreceptor function. Cyclic GMP 187-191 cyclic nucleotide gated channel subunit alpha 3 Homo sapiens 51-56 12187429-12 2002 CONCLUSIONS: Patients with RM and mutations in the CNGA3/CNGB3 genes presented a similar clinical phenotype, confirming the essential function of both the alpha- and beta-subunits of the cGMP-gated cation channel in cone photoreceptor function. Cyclic GMP 187-191 cyclic nucleotide gated channel subunit beta 3 Homo sapiens 57-62 11834729-6 2002 Cloning of PKG from several Apicomplexan parasites has identified a parasite signature sequence of nearly 300 amino acids that is not found in mammalian or Drosophila PKG and which contains an additional, third cGMP-binding site. Cyclic GMP 211-215 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 11-14 11834729-8 2002 The activity of both native and recombinant E. tenella PKG is stimulated 1000-fold by cGMP, with significant cooperativity. Cyclic GMP 86-90 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 55-58 12076958-5 2002 As well as MnSOD expression, the *NO-cGMP-PKG pathway mediated the preconditioning-induced upregulation of antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 and the downregulation of adaptor protein p66(shc). Cyclic GMP 37-41 DNA polymerase delta 3, accessory subunit Homo sapiens 177-180 12076958-6 2002 We also propose that cGMP-mediated preconditioning-induced adaptation against oxidative stress may be due to the synthesis of a new protein, such as thioredoxin (Trx) since the protective effect can be blocked by Trx reductase inhibitor. Cyclic GMP 21-25 thioredoxin Homo sapiens 149-160 12076958-6 2002 We also propose that cGMP-mediated preconditioning-induced adaptation against oxidative stress may be due to the synthesis of a new protein, such as thioredoxin (Trx) since the protective effect can be blocked by Trx reductase inhibitor. Cyclic GMP 21-25 thioredoxin Homo sapiens 162-165 12076958-6 2002 We also propose that cGMP-mediated preconditioning-induced adaptation against oxidative stress may be due to the synthesis of a new protein, such as thioredoxin (Trx) since the protective effect can be blocked by Trx reductase inhibitor. Cyclic GMP 21-25 thioredoxin Homo sapiens 213-216 12007579-6 2002 PDE3 (cilostamide-sensitive), PDE4 (rolipram-sensitive) and PDE5 (zaprinast- and DMPPO-sensitive) isoforms appeared as the main isozymes implicated in the cAMP and cGMP hydrolytic activities. Cyclic GMP 164-168 phosphodiesterase 4D, cAMP-specific-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 0-4 11919152-1 2002 The concept of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) put forward in 1980 by Furchgott and Zawadzki implies that nitric oxide (NO) produced by NO synthase (NOS) in the endothelium diffuses to the underlying vascular smooth muscle, where it modulates vascular tone as well as vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation by increasing cGMP formation with subsequent activation of cGMP-dependent protein kinase. Cyclic GMP 342-346 alpha hemoglobin stabilizing protein Homo sapiens 15-50 11832336-1 2002 Regulation of adenylyl cyclase type V/VI and cAMP-specific, cGMP-inhibited phosphodiesterase (PDE) 3 and cAMP-specific PDE4 by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) and cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) was examined in gastric smooth muscle cells. Cyclic GMP 60-64 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 198-201 11814431-2 2002 Here we report that cGMP, acting through cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG), has multiple rapid and reversible effects on synaptic transmission in slices and cultures of rodent visual cortex. Cyclic GMP 20-24 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 72-75 11814431-9 2002 cGMP-induced NMDA potentiation was prevented by the specific PKG inhibitory peptide infused into the postsynaptic cell. Cyclic GMP 0-4 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 61-64 11814431-10 2002 In summary, cGMP, acting through PKG, had depressive presynaptic and facilitatory postsynaptic actions at excitatory synapses in the visual cortex. Cyclic GMP 12-16 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 33-36 11786215-8 2002 To examine whether the PKA activation is due to inhibition of phosphodiesterase III (PDE III) by cyclic GMP, we applied PDE III-specific inhibitors and found that the inhibitions activated PKA. Cyclic GMP 97-107 protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha Rattus norvegicus 23-26 11786215-8 2002 To examine whether the PKA activation is due to inhibition of phosphodiesterase III (PDE III) by cyclic GMP, we applied PDE III-specific inhibitors and found that the inhibitions activated PKA. Cyclic GMP 97-107 protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha Rattus norvegicus 189-192 11755317-0 2002 Atrial natriuretic peptide reduces cyclosporin toxicity in renal cells: role of cGMP and heme oxygenase-1. Cyclic GMP 80-84 natriuretic peptides A Sus scrofa 0-26 11752210-1 2002 In the rat isolated optic nerve, nitric oxide (NO) activates soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), resulting in a selective accumulation of cGMP in the axons. Cyclic GMP 134-138 guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2 Rattus norvegicus 61-85 11752210-1 2002 In the rat isolated optic nerve, nitric oxide (NO) activates soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), resulting in a selective accumulation of cGMP in the axons. Cyclic GMP 134-138 guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2 Rattus norvegicus 87-90 11952087-3 2002 This article summarizes our studies strongly suggesting that RGS9-1 is directly involved in the cooperative action of PDE and retGC, and that this ingenious mechanism plays an important role in tuning of cGMP concentration in photoreceptors. Cyclic GMP 204-208 regulator of G protein signaling 9 Homo sapiens 61-65 11591720-1 2001 The present study examined the effect of hepatoma-associated antigen HAb18G (homologous to CD147) expression on the NO/cGMP-regulated Ca(2+) mobilization and metastatic process of human hepatoma cells. Cyclic GMP 119-123 basigin (Ok blood group) Homo sapiens 91-96 11591720-5 2001 However, expression of HAb18G/CD147 in T7721 cells decreased the inhibitory response to cGMP. Cyclic GMP 88-92 basigin (Ok blood group) Homo sapiens 30-35 11705768-0 2001 Amylin potently activates AP neurons possibly via formation of the excitatory second messenger cGMP. Cyclic GMP 95-99 islet amyloid polypeptide Rattus norvegicus 0-6 11705768-9 2001 Peripherally applied amylin stimulated cGMP formation in AP and SFO neurons, as shown in immunohistochemical studies. Cyclic GMP 39-43 islet amyloid polypeptide Rattus norvegicus 21-27 11705768-11 2001 In contrast to the SFO, where NO-dependent cGMP formation seems to represent a general inhibitory transduction pathway, cGMP acts as an excitatory second messenger in the AP, since the membrane-permeable analog 8-bromo-cGMP stimulated 65% of all neurons tested (n = 17), including seven of nine amylin-sensitive neurons (77%). Cyclic GMP 120-124 islet amyloid polypeptide Rattus norvegicus 295-301 11705768-12 2001 The results indicate that the anorectic effect of circulating amylin is based on its excitatory action on AP neurons, with cGMP acting as a second messenger. Cyclic GMP 123-127 islet amyloid polypeptide Rattus norvegicus 62-68 11675397-1 2001 Soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) catalyzes the biosynthesis of cGMP in response to binding of L-arginine-derived nitric oxide (NO). Cyclic GMP 61-65 guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2 Rattus norvegicus 0-24 11675397-1 2001 Soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) catalyzes the biosynthesis of cGMP in response to binding of L-arginine-derived nitric oxide (NO). Cyclic GMP 61-65 guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2 Rattus norvegicus 26-29 11675397-2 2001 Functionally, the NO-sGC-cGMP signaling pathway in kidney and liver has been associated with regional hemodynamics and the regulation of glomerular parameters. Cyclic GMP 25-29 guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2 Rattus norvegicus 21-24 11675397-5 2001 The NO-induced, sGC-dependent accumulation of cGMP in cytosolic extracts of tissues and cells was measured in vitro. Cyclic GMP 46-50 guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2 Rattus norvegicus 16-19 11675397-8 2001 This assessment of sGC expression and activity in vascular and interstitial cells of kidney and liver may have implications for understanding the role of local cGMP signaling cascades. Cyclic GMP 160-164 guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2 Rattus norvegicus 19-22 11602670-6 2001 The guanylyl cyclase activators YC-1 and guanylin increased PKG activity secondary to increased cellular cGMP and induced apoptosis in colon tumor cells. Cyclic GMP 105-109 guanylate cyclase activator 2A Homo sapiens 41-49 11557622-3 2001 PDE-3 is inhibited by cGMP, whereas PDE-5 degrades cGMP. Cyclic GMP 22-26 phosphodiesterase 4D, cAMP-specific-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 0-5 11557622-4 2001 We hypothesized that if endogenous cGMP was increased by inhibiting PDE-5, it could inhibit PDE-3, increasing endogenous cAMP, and thereby stimulate renin. Cyclic GMP 35-39 phosphodiesterase 4D, cAMP-specific-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 92-97 11583893-7 2001 Atrial natriuretic peptide and cGMP levels were increased about tenfold and fivefold compared with controls in both PPH and NPPH. Cyclic GMP 31-35 enolase 1 Homo sapiens 116-119 11513736-4 2001 Enzyme assays and NPRA-specific Western blots performed on tissues from wild-type mice demonstrate that ANP-activated cGMP synthesis provides a good index of NPRA protein expression, which ranges from maximal in adrenal gland, lung, kidney, and testis to minimal in heart and colon. Cyclic GMP 118-122 natriuretic peptide type A Mus musculus 104-107 11494372-4 2001 Furthermore, our data show an involvement of NO/cGMP messenger system pathway, because ethanol is also able to reduce gp120-stimulated NO release (up to 45%) and cyclic GMP accumulation (up to 73%). Cyclic GMP 48-52 inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 Homo sapiens 118-123 11494372-5 2001 These findings suggest that the protective effect of ethanol against gp120-induced cytotoxicity in CHP100 cells underlies a Ca(2+)-activated, NO/cGMP-dependent mechanism. Cyclic GMP 145-149 inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 Homo sapiens 69-74 11457715-7 2001 The cGMP response to physiological concentrations of ANP was greater in EGF-treated D-NOD cells. Cyclic GMP 4-8 epidermal growth factor Mus musculus 72-75 11448135-1 2001 We have shown that cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) mediates stimulation of L-type calcium current by cGMP in rabbit atrial myocytes. Cyclic GMP 19-23 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 50-53 11448135-8 2001 The cloned PKG I alpha cDNA was expressed in COS cells and the expressed PKG showed cGMP-stimulated PKG enzyme activity and immunoreactivity. Cyclic GMP 84-88 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 11-14 11448135-8 2001 The cloned PKG I alpha cDNA was expressed in COS cells and the expressed PKG showed cGMP-stimulated PKG enzyme activity and immunoreactivity. Cyclic GMP 84-88 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 73-76 11448135-8 2001 The cloned PKG I alpha cDNA was expressed in COS cells and the expressed PKG showed cGMP-stimulated PKG enzyme activity and immunoreactivity. Cyclic GMP 84-88 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 73-76 11309393-8 2001 These results show that cGMP induced reduction of cytosolic calcium concentrations requires cGKIbeta and phosphorylation of Ser(696) of IRAG. Cyclic GMP 24-28 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 92-100 11356875-5 2001 Furthermore, the infusion of specific inhibitors of sGC or protein kinase G (PKG), a target of cGMP, prevents sublamination in vivo. Cyclic GMP 95-99 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 59-75 11356875-5 2001 Furthermore, the infusion of specific inhibitors of sGC or protein kinase G (PKG), a target of cGMP, prevents sublamination in vivo. Cyclic GMP 95-99 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 77-80 11356875-6 2001 We conclude that the sGC-cGMP-PKG pathway acts downstream of NMDA receptors and nitric oxide as an effector of the activity-dependent refinement of connections at this level of the mammalian visual system. Cyclic GMP 25-29 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 30-33 11309238-11 2001 The inhibitory effect of haeme and CO upon mechanical nociceptor hypersensitivity were counteracted by a soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) inhibitor, ODQ (1H-[1,2,4]-oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one), suggesting that this effect of CO is mediated via cyclic GMP. Cyclic GMP 250-260 guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2 Rattus norvegicus 105-130 11309238-11 2001 The inhibitory effect of haeme and CO upon mechanical nociceptor hypersensitivity were counteracted by a soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) inhibitor, ODQ (1H-[1,2,4]-oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one), suggesting that this effect of CO is mediated via cyclic GMP. Cyclic GMP 250-260 guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2 Rattus norvegicus 132-135 11277940-1 2001 Guanylate cyclase C is the receptor for the bacterial heat-stable enterotoxins and guanylin family of peptides, and mediates its action by elevating intracellular cGMP levels. Cyclic GMP 163-167 natriuretic peptide receptor 3 Homo sapiens 0-19 11401471-10 2001 The five known genes, namely HRG4/unc119, cGMP-PDEA, transducin 1A, opsin, and sFRP2 showed retina-specific expression. Cyclic GMP 42-46 phosphodiesterase 6A Canis lupus familiaris 47-51 11243845-1 2001 Extracts of intestinal epithelia from the European eel (Anguilla anguilla) stimulated cGMP production in the T84 human colon carcinoma cell line which suggested the presence of a guanylin-like peptide in this teleost fish. Cyclic GMP 86-90 guanylate cyclase activator 2A Homo sapiens 179-187 11160411-0 2001 Stimulation of nitric oxide-cGMP pathway excites striatal cholinergic interneurons via protein kinase G activation. Cyclic GMP 28-32 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 87-103 11208595-2 2001 Recently, a complementary DNA encoding an additional member of the guanylin family of cGMP-regulating peptides was isolated from lymphoid tissues of the opossum and was termed lymphoguanylin (LGN). Cyclic GMP 86-90 guanylate cyclase activator 2A Homo sapiens 67-75 11291729-3 2001 Here we present evidence, using double immunostaining for cGMP and the vesicular acetylcholine transporter, that virtually all of the cholinergic fibers in the cerebral cortex and the majority of the cholinergic fibers in the basal ganglia accumulate cGMP in response to a NO donor. Cyclic GMP 251-255 solute carrier family 18 member A3 Homo sapiens 71-106 11444148-0 2001 Guanylin in the human pancreas: a novel luminocrine regulatory pathway of electrolyte secretion via cGMP and CFTR in the ductal system. Cyclic GMP 100-104 guanylate cyclase activator 2A Homo sapiens 0-8 11425285-0 2001 Can melatonin regulate the expression of prohormone convertase 1 and 2 genes via monomeric and dimeric forms of RZR/ROR nuclear receptor, and can melatonin influence the processes of embryogenesis or carcinogenesis by disturbing the proportion of cAMP and cGMP concentrations? Cyclic GMP 256-260 proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1 Homo sapiens 41-70 11139481-1 2001 In vascular smooth muscle cells, NO stimulates the synthesis of cGMP by soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), a heterodimer composed of alpha(1) and beta(1) subunits. Cyclic GMP 64-68 guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2 Rattus norvegicus 72-97 11139481-1 2001 In vascular smooth muscle cells, NO stimulates the synthesis of cGMP by soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), a heterodimer composed of alpha(1) and beta(1) subunits. Cyclic GMP 64-68 guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2 Rattus norvegicus 99-102 11078721-5 2000 Addition of a cGMP-dependent protein kinase (cGK) inhibitor prevented biotin induction of the insulin and asialoglycoprotein receptors, suggesting that protein phosphorylation propagates the cGMP signal transduction cascade. Cyclic GMP 14-18 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 45-48 11078721-8 2000 These findings suggest that the end point of this cGMP signal cascade is modulated by cGK and that a phosphorylation reaction governs the expression of both receptor proteins. Cyclic GMP 50-54 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 86-89 11016642-8 2000 Our findings suggest that uroguanylin and guanylin regulate the turnover of epithelial cells within the intestinal mucosa via activation of a cGMP signaling mechanism that elicits apoptosis of target enterocytes. Cyclic GMP 142-146 guanylate cyclase activator 2A Homo sapiens 29-37 10864932-4 2000 Of the two binding sites, disruption of cGMP-specific binding in the NH(2)-terminal binding site had the greatest effect on cGMP-dependent kinase activation, like cGKI. Cyclic GMP 40-44 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 163-167 10961869-9 2000 Furthermore, cGMP inhibited the L-NMMA-induced GATA binding activity. Cyclic GMP 13-17 glutaminyl-tRNA amidotransferase subunit QRSL1 Homo sapiens 47-51 10962559-7 2000 Activation of Rap 1 by cGMP analogs has not been previously found and suggests possible cross-talk between the NO/cGMP signal transduction pathway and Rap 1 signaling. Cyclic GMP 23-27 RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family Homo sapiens 14-19 10962559-7 2000 Activation of Rap 1 by cGMP analogs has not been previously found and suggests possible cross-talk between the NO/cGMP signal transduction pathway and Rap 1 signaling. Cyclic GMP 23-27 RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family Homo sapiens 151-156 10962559-7 2000 Activation of Rap 1 by cGMP analogs has not been previously found and suggests possible cross-talk between the NO/cGMP signal transduction pathway and Rap 1 signaling. Cyclic GMP 114-118 RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family Homo sapiens 14-19 10906077-6 2000 Treatments of isolated tubules with either sodium arsenite, known to induce HO-1, or hematin, an HO substrate, resulted in 4.4- and 1.8-fold, respectively, increases in cGMP levels. Cyclic GMP 169-173 heme oxygenase 1 Homo sapiens 76-80 10906077-9 2000 These findings, demonstrating for the first time a link between HO-1 activity in Sertoli cells and sGC-dependent cGMP production in seminiferous tubules, suggest a functional role of CO in the human testis. Cyclic GMP 113-117 heme oxygenase 1 Homo sapiens 64-68 10970768-3 2000 After elevating cAMP or cGMP levels using prostaglandin E(1)or sodium nitroprusside, prior P(2X1)desensitization reduced the integral of the ADP-evoked response to about 70% of control. Cyclic GMP 24-28 purinergic receptor P2X 1 Homo sapiens 91-96 10951519-9 2000 We postulate that the retGC1 mutations hinder the restoration of the basal level of cGMP of cone and rod photoreceptor cells, leading to a situation equivalent to consistent light exposure during photoreceptor development, explaining the severity of the visual disorder at birth. Cyclic GMP 84-88 guanylate cyclase 2D, retinal Homo sapiens 22-28 10937581-7 2000 Production of 3",5"-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) by the activation of particulate guanylyl cyclase in the corneal membrane was stimulated by ANP, BNP, and CNP. Cyclic GMP 52-56 natriuretic peptide A Bos taurus 150-153 10937581-7 2000 Production of 3",5"-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) by the activation of particulate guanylyl cyclase in the corneal membrane was stimulated by ANP, BNP, and CNP. Cyclic GMP 52-56 natriuretic peptide C Bos taurus 164-167 10937581-8 2000 More cGMP was produced by CNP than by the other natriuretic peptides. Cyclic GMP 5-9 natriuretic peptide C Bos taurus 26-29 10904019-0 2000 Mechanisms of reduced nitric oxide/cGMP-mediated vasorelaxation in transgenic mice overexpressing endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Cyclic GMP 35-39 nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell Mus musculus 98-131 10856898-2 2000 Its specific guanylyl cyclase-containing receptor, GC-B, is also expressed on several anterior pituitary cell types, and CNP potently stimulates cGMP accumulation in rat pituitary cell cultures and pituitary cell lines. Cyclic GMP 145-149 natriuretic peptide receptor 2 Rattus norvegicus 51-55 10841522-6 2000 Interestingly, the effect of NO on ecSOD expression was prevented by inhibition of the MAP kinase p38 but not of the MAP kinase kinase p42/44, suggesting that NO modulates ecSOD expression via cGMP/PKG and p38MAP kinase-dependent pathways, but not through p42/44MAP kinase. Cyclic GMP 193-197 superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular Mus musculus 35-40 10841522-6 2000 Interestingly, the effect of NO on ecSOD expression was prevented by inhibition of the MAP kinase p38 but not of the MAP kinase kinase p42/44, suggesting that NO modulates ecSOD expression via cGMP/PKG and p38MAP kinase-dependent pathways, but not through p42/44MAP kinase. Cyclic GMP 193-197 superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular Mus musculus 172-177 10925211-5 2000 Cyclic GMP secretion was stimulated by IGF-I at 100 ng/ml only. Cyclic GMP 0-10 insulin-like growth factor I Oryctolagus cuniculus 39-44 10816311-1 2000 In central neurons, the second messenger cGMP is believed to induce long-term changes in efficacy at glutamatergic synapses through activation of protein kinase G (PKG). Cyclic GMP 41-45 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 146-162 10816311-1 2000 In central neurons, the second messenger cGMP is believed to induce long-term changes in efficacy at glutamatergic synapses through activation of protein kinase G (PKG). Cyclic GMP 41-45 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 164-167 10801446-0 2000 The guanine nucleotide exchange factor CNrasGEF activates ras in response to cAMP and cGMP. Cyclic GMP 86-90 Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 Homo sapiens 39-47 10801446-3 2000 Here, we describe a novel candidate Ras activator, cyclic nucleotide rasGEF (CNrasGEF), which contains CDC25, Ras exchange motif (REM), Ras-association (RA), PDZ and cNMP (cAMP/cGMP) binding (cNMP-BD) domains, two PY motifs and a carboxy-terminal SxV sequence. Cyclic GMP 177-181 Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 Homo sapiens 77-85 10801446-5 2000 In cells, CNrasGEF activates Ras in response to elevation of intracellular cAMP or cGMP, or treatment with their analogues 8-Br-cAMP or 8-Br-cGMP, independently of protein kinases A and G (PKA and PKG). Cyclic GMP 83-87 Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 Homo sapiens 10-18 10801446-9 2000 These results suggest that CNrasGEF may directly connect cAMP-generating pathways or cGMP-generating pathways to Ras. Cyclic GMP 85-89 Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 Homo sapiens 27-35 10885013-2 2000 Some functional features were revealed in striatal neurones activation of two protein kinases, cAMP-dependent PKA and cGMP-dependent PKG; presence of calcium/calmodulin-independent adenylate cyclase; bidirectional changes of the cAMP concentration with dopamine. Cyclic GMP 118-122 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 133-136 10753954-0 2000 Nitric oxide increases p21(Waf1/Cip1) expression by a cGMP-dependent pathway that includes activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p70(S6k). Cyclic GMP 54-58 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 147-154 10753954-5 2000 Both cGMP and cAMP activated both ERK and p70(S6k), whereas only selective inhibitors of protein kinase G prevented the activation of the kinases by SNAP. Cyclic GMP 5-9 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 46-49 10729202-8 2000 In colon cells, butyrate treatment induced a previously undescribed, cGMP-specific efflux mechanism which lowered intracellular cGMP and elevated extracellular cGMP in response to peptide agonists such as guanylin and STa. Cyclic GMP 69-73 GCY Homo sapiens 218-221 10714848-7 2000 The fraction was incubated with CO and HVA, and the activity of sGC was determined by measuring cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) production using an enzyme immunoassay in aliquots of the supernatant. Cyclic GMP 96-126 guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2 Rattus norvegicus 64-67 10714848-7 2000 The fraction was incubated with CO and HVA, and the activity of sGC was determined by measuring cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) production using an enzyme immunoassay in aliquots of the supernatant. Cyclic GMP 128-132 guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2 Rattus norvegicus 64-67 10718373-10 2000 After the addition of guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate, N2,2"-O-Dibutyryl-, sodium salt (db-cGMP), the initial increase of PAF- or fMLP-induced PMNs intracellular Ca2+ fluorescences was well preserved, but the slope and the peak height of fluorescence curves declined compared with the curves without db-cGMP. Cyclic GMP 22-58 PCNA clamp associated factor Homo sapiens 127-131 10650935-9 2000 CNP, but not ANP, stimulated the release of cGMP from granulosa cells obtained from DES-treated, but not from eCG-treated, animals. Cyclic GMP 44-48 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3' phosphodiesterase Rattus norvegicus 0-3 10618436-3 2000 We report here that OGD preconditioning induces p21(ras) (Ras) activation in an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor- and NO-dependent, but cGMP-independent, manner. Cyclic GMP 133-137 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 48-56 10618436-3 2000 We report here that OGD preconditioning induces p21(ras) (Ras) activation in an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor- and NO-dependent, but cGMP-independent, manner. Cyclic GMP 133-137 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 58-61 10691778-4 2000 The effect of NO, however, was essentially mimicked by pharmacological inhibition of PDE-3, which is a cGMP-inhibitable PDE. Cyclic GMP 103-107 phosphodiesterase 4D, cAMP-specific-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 85-90 10691778-5 2000 As PDE-3 is strongly expressed in renal preglomerular vessels and NO stimulates cGMP formation in renal vessels, it appears likely that inhibition of cAMP degradation and consequently the cAMP pathway are crucially involved in mediating the effects of NO on renal vascular resistance. Cyclic GMP 80-84 phosphodiesterase 4D, cAMP-specific-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 3-8 10845107-1 2000 Guanylin, uroguanylin, and lymphoguanylin are small peptides that activate cell-surface guanylate cyclase receptors and influence cellular function via intracellular cGMP. Cyclic GMP 166-170 guanylate cyclase activator 2A Homo sapiens 0-8 10926319-10 2000 The lack of association between patterns of influence of cGMP analogues on CGI and PDE, and the coincidence of the majority of effects of cGMP analogues on P, OT and PKG may indirectly indicate that cGMP action on release of ovarian hormones is mediated mainly by PKG, but not by CGI or PDE. Cyclic GMP 138-142 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 166-169 10926319-10 2000 The lack of association between patterns of influence of cGMP analogues on CGI and PDE, and the coincidence of the majority of effects of cGMP analogues on P, OT and PKG may indirectly indicate that cGMP action on release of ovarian hormones is mediated mainly by PKG, but not by CGI or PDE. Cyclic GMP 138-142 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 166-169 10585635-4 1999 MB has been used as an inhibitor of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) to demonstrate cGMP-mediated processes, and there is evidence that NO may exert its biological effects by binding to the heme part of guanylate cyclase, causing an increase in cGMP levels. Cyclic GMP 83-87 guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2 Rattus norvegicus 63-66 10567269-2 1999 Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase Ialpha (cGKIalpha) mediates physiologic relaxation of vascular smooth muscle in response to nitric oxide and cGMP. Cyclic GMP 0-30 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 71-80 10567269-2 1999 Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase Ialpha (cGKIalpha) mediates physiologic relaxation of vascular smooth muscle in response to nitric oxide and cGMP. Cyclic GMP 32-36 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 71-80 10567269-2 1999 Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase Ialpha (cGKIalpha) mediates physiologic relaxation of vascular smooth muscle in response to nitric oxide and cGMP. Cyclic GMP 172-176 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 71-80 10567269-4 1999 Uncoupling of the cGKIalpha-MBS interaction prevents cGMP-dependent dephosphorylation of myosin light chain, demonstrating that this interaction is essential to the regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell tone. Cyclic GMP 53-57 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 18-27 10559836-11 1999 Atrial natriuretic peptide, upregulated in the hearts of eNOS mutant mice, normalizes cGMP levels and restores normal diastolic relaxation. Cyclic GMP 86-90 nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell Mus musculus 57-61 10571055-1 1999 The membrane bound guanylyl cyclase (GC) photoreceptor membrane GC1 (ROS-GCI) of photoreceptor cells synthesizes cGMP, the intracellular transmitter of vertebrate phototransduction. Cyclic GMP 113-117 solute carrier family 25 member 22 Homo sapiens 64-67 10430891-9 1999 We suggest that the gain-of-function effects of R838C on RetGC-1 stimulated by GCAP-1, which are dominant in vitro and may cause an abnormal increase in cGMP synthesis in dark-adapted photoreceptors, may be the cause of the cone-rod degeneration. Cyclic GMP 153-157 guanylate cyclase 2D, retinal Homo sapiens 57-64 10373499-1 1999 The binding of cGMP to the noncatalytic sites on two isoforms of the phosphodiesterase (PDE) from mammalian rod outer segments has been characterized to evaluate their role in regulating PDE during phototransduction. Cyclic GMP 15-19 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 88-91 10373499-1 1999 The binding of cGMP to the noncatalytic sites on two isoforms of the phosphodiesterase (PDE) from mammalian rod outer segments has been characterized to evaluate their role in regulating PDE during phototransduction. Cyclic GMP 15-19 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 187-190 10373499-2 1999 Nonactivated, membrane-associated PDE (PDE-M, alpha beta gamma2) has one exchangeable site for cGMP binding; endogenous cGMP remains nonexchangeable at the second site. Cyclic GMP 95-99 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 34-37 10373499-2 1999 Nonactivated, membrane-associated PDE (PDE-M, alpha beta gamma2) has one exchangeable site for cGMP binding; endogenous cGMP remains nonexchangeable at the second site. Cyclic GMP 95-99 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 39-42 10373499-2 1999 Nonactivated, membrane-associated PDE (PDE-M, alpha beta gamma2) has one exchangeable site for cGMP binding; endogenous cGMP remains nonexchangeable at the second site. Cyclic GMP 120-124 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 34-37 10373499-2 1999 Nonactivated, membrane-associated PDE (PDE-M, alpha beta gamma2) has one exchangeable site for cGMP binding; endogenous cGMP remains nonexchangeable at the second site. Cyclic GMP 120-124 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 39-42 10373499-3 1999 Non-activated, soluble PDE (PDE-S, alpha beta gamma2 delta) can release and bind cGMP at both noncatalytic sites; the delta subunit is likely responsible for this difference in cGMP exchange rates. Cyclic GMP 81-85 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 23-26 10373499-3 1999 Non-activated, soluble PDE (PDE-S, alpha beta gamma2 delta) can release and bind cGMP at both noncatalytic sites; the delta subunit is likely responsible for this difference in cGMP exchange rates. Cyclic GMP 81-85 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 28-33 10373499-3 1999 Non-activated, soluble PDE (PDE-S, alpha beta gamma2 delta) can release and bind cGMP at both noncatalytic sites; the delta subunit is likely responsible for this difference in cGMP exchange rates. Cyclic GMP 177-181 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 23-26 10373499-3 1999 Non-activated, soluble PDE (PDE-S, alpha beta gamma2 delta) can release and bind cGMP at both noncatalytic sites; the delta subunit is likely responsible for this difference in cGMP exchange rates. Cyclic GMP 177-181 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 28-33 10373499-6 1999 Occupancy of the noncatalytic sites by cGMP may modulate the interaction of the gamma subunit with the alphabeta dimer and thereby regulate cytoplasmic cGMP concentration and the lifetime of activated PDE during visual transduction in photoreceptor cells. Cyclic GMP 39-43 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 201-204 10373499-6 1999 Occupancy of the noncatalytic sites by cGMP may modulate the interaction of the gamma subunit with the alphabeta dimer and thereby regulate cytoplasmic cGMP concentration and the lifetime of activated PDE during visual transduction in photoreceptor cells. Cyclic GMP 152-156 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 201-204 10432219-2 1999 Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) all inhibited CRF (10(-9) M)-evoked ACTH secretion over a concentration range of 10(-12)-10(-10) M and also stimulated cyclic GMP accumulation over a concentration range of 10 (-8)-10(-5) M. CNP was the most effective both in the inhibition of ACTH secretion and in the stimulation of cyclic GMP accumulation. Cyclic GMP 222-232 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 70-96 10432219-2 1999 Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) all inhibited CRF (10(-9) M)-evoked ACTH secretion over a concentration range of 10(-12)-10(-10) M and also stimulated cyclic GMP accumulation over a concentration range of 10 (-8)-10(-5) M. CNP was the most effective both in the inhibition of ACTH secretion and in the stimulation of cyclic GMP accumulation. Cyclic GMP 222-232 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 98-101 10432219-2 1999 Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) all inhibited CRF (10(-9) M)-evoked ACTH secretion over a concentration range of 10(-12)-10(-10) M and also stimulated cyclic GMP accumulation over a concentration range of 10 (-8)-10(-5) M. CNP was the most effective both in the inhibition of ACTH secretion and in the stimulation of cyclic GMP accumulation. Cyclic GMP 388-398 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 70-96 10432219-2 1999 Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) all inhibited CRF (10(-9) M)-evoked ACTH secretion over a concentration range of 10(-12)-10(-10) M and also stimulated cyclic GMP accumulation over a concentration range of 10 (-8)-10(-5) M. CNP was the most effective both in the inhibition of ACTH secretion and in the stimulation of cyclic GMP accumulation. Cyclic GMP 388-398 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 98-101 10733342-3 1999 C-type natriuretic peptide drives a membrane guanylate cyclase, and increased cGMP production in mixed bone cells. Cyclic GMP 78-82 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 0-26 10733342-6 1999 These findings indicate that C-type natriuretic peptide and NO modulate cGMP in different types of bone cells. Cyclic GMP 72-76 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 29-55 10362662-7 1999 Substance P and ANG II had no effect on vascular tone in control and beta-galactosidase arteries but caused concentration-dependent relaxations as well as a significant increase in cGMP levels in eNOS arteries. Cyclic GMP 181-185 nitric oxide synthase 3 Canis lupus familiaris 196-200 10350462-1 1999 Calcium (Ca2+) and cyclic GMP (cGMP) subserve antagonistic functions that are reflected in their coordinated reciprocal regulation in physiological systems. Cyclic GMP 31-35 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 26-29 10334507-2 1999 Both ANP and BNP induced a significant increase in cyclic GMP (cGMP) formation in cultured epithelial cell line derived from porcine kidney, LLC-PK1. Cyclic GMP 51-61 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 5-8 10334507-2 1999 Both ANP and BNP induced a significant increase in cyclic GMP (cGMP) formation in cultured epithelial cell line derived from porcine kidney, LLC-PK1. Cyclic GMP 63-67 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 5-8 10334507-3 1999 The cGMP formation stimulated by ANP in LLC-PK1 cells was significantly decreased by pre-treatment of the peptide with rat renal brush-border membranes, and the inactivation of ANP was inhibited by neutral endopeptidase inhibitors, phosphoramidon and S-thiorphan. Cyclic GMP 4-8 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 177-180 9874809-4 1999 This natriuresis presumably is caused by cGMP because ANP also activates guanylyl cyclase, which synthesizes cGMP from GTP. Cyclic GMP 109-113 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 54-57 9874809-7 1999 We conclude that the natriuretic action of OT is caused by a dual action: generation of NO leading to increased cGMP and at higher doses release of ANP that also releases cGMP. Cyclic GMP 171-175 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 148-151 9874809-10 1999 Both ANP- and OT-induced kaliuresis also appear to be mediated by cGMP. Cyclic GMP 66-70 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 5-8 9874809-11 1999 We conclude that cGMP mediates natriuresis and kaliuresis induced by both ANP and OT. Cyclic GMP 17-21 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 74-77 10068868-2 1999 Infusion of CNP induced increases in its own levels (from 1.17 +/- 0.11 up to 21.13 +/- 1.41 pmol l-1) without modifying the plasma levels of cGMP, ADM, renin and ANP, the urinary excretion rate of ADM and cGMP, renal haemodynamics and sodium excretion. Cyclic GMP 206-210 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 12-15 9867877-4 1999 Increasing cellular cGMP with phosphodiesterase inhibitors, by stimulation of soluble guanylyl cyclase with YC-1 or with exogenous dibutyryl cGMP resulted in mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase 3,6 (MEK3,6) activation and phosphorylation of p38. Cyclic GMP 20-24 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 108-112 9867877-4 1999 Increasing cellular cGMP with phosphodiesterase inhibitors, by stimulation of soluble guanylyl cyclase with YC-1 or with exogenous dibutyryl cGMP resulted in mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase 3,6 (MEK3,6) activation and phosphorylation of p38. Cyclic GMP 20-24 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 Homo sapiens 241-247 9867877-4 1999 Increasing cellular cGMP with phosphodiesterase inhibitors, by stimulation of soluble guanylyl cyclase with YC-1 or with exogenous dibutyryl cGMP resulted in mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase 3,6 (MEK3,6) activation and phosphorylation of p38. Cyclic GMP 141-145 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 Homo sapiens 241-247 10355896-4 1999 DEA/NO (0.01-3 microM), SNP (1-10 microM), and YC-1 (1-10 microM) induced a concentration-dependent intracellular cGMP increase with maximal effects of 16-fold (3 microM DEA/NO), 8-fold (10 microM SNP), and 6-fold (10 microM YC-1) stimulation compared to controls, respectively. Cyclic GMP 114-118 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 47-51 10355896-4 1999 DEA/NO (0.01-3 microM), SNP (1-10 microM), and YC-1 (1-10 microM) induced a concentration-dependent intracellular cGMP increase with maximal effects of 16-fold (3 microM DEA/NO), 8-fold (10 microM SNP), and 6-fold (10 microM YC-1) stimulation compared to controls, respectively. Cyclic GMP 114-118 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 225-229 9868533-3 1998 Treatment of rat pancreatic acinar cells with cholecystokinin-octapeptide (CCK-OP) resulted in an increase in the arginine conversion to citrulline, the amount of NOx, the release of amylase, and the level of cGMP. Cyclic GMP 209-213 cholecystokinin Rattus norvegicus 75-78 9868533-4 1998 Especially, CCK-OP-stimulated increase of arginine to citrulline transformation, the amount of NOx and cGMP level were completely counteracted by the inhibitor of NOS, NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (MMA), by contrast, that of amylase release was partially reduced. Cyclic GMP 103-107 cholecystokinin Rattus norvegicus 12-15 9868533-6 1998 The data on the time course of CCK-OP-induced citrulline formation and cGMP rise indicate that NOS and guanylate cyclase were activated by treatment of CCK-OP. Cyclic GMP 71-75 cholecystokinin Rattus norvegicus 152-155 9884071-7 1998 Guanosine 3",5"-monophosphate (cyclic GMP) content was also greatly enhanced in aortas expressing high levels of HO-1. Cyclic GMP 0-29 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 38-41 9831695-10 1998 By comparison, equimolar infusion of ANP induced a smaller increment in plasma ANP levels (2 pmol/l, P=0.03) with qualitatively similar but statistically non-significant changes in plasma cyclic GMP and haemodynamic indices.3.In conclusion, chronic low-dose infusions of BNP elevate plasma cyclic GMP levels and induce significant haemodynamic actions. Cyclic GMP 188-198 natriuretic peptides A Ovis aries 37-40 9831695-10 1998 By comparison, equimolar infusion of ANP induced a smaller increment in plasma ANP levels (2 pmol/l, P=0.03) with qualitatively similar but statistically non-significant changes in plasma cyclic GMP and haemodynamic indices.3.In conclusion, chronic low-dose infusions of BNP elevate plasma cyclic GMP levels and induce significant haemodynamic actions. Cyclic GMP 290-300 natriuretic peptides A Ovis aries 37-40 9855623-6 1998 Maximally effective 2, 2-diethyl-1-nitroso-oxyhydrazine (3 microM) and YC-1 (100 microM) concentrations each elevated the cGMP levels in intact platelets approximately 13-fold, and administration of the two drugs together resulted in enormous potentiation of cGMP formation, which greatly exceeded the effect on the purified enzyme and yielded a >1300-fold increase in cGMP levels. Cyclic GMP 122-126 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 71-75 9855623-6 1998 Maximally effective 2, 2-diethyl-1-nitroso-oxyhydrazine (3 microM) and YC-1 (100 microM) concentrations each elevated the cGMP levels in intact platelets approximately 13-fold, and administration of the two drugs together resulted in enormous potentiation of cGMP formation, which greatly exceeded the effect on the purified enzyme and yielded a >1300-fold increase in cGMP levels. Cyclic GMP 259-263 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 71-75 9855623-6 1998 Maximally effective 2, 2-diethyl-1-nitroso-oxyhydrazine (3 microM) and YC-1 (100 microM) concentrations each elevated the cGMP levels in intact platelets approximately 13-fold, and administration of the two drugs together resulted in enormous potentiation of cGMP formation, which greatly exceeded the effect on the purified enzyme and yielded a >1300-fold increase in cGMP levels. Cyclic GMP 259-263 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 71-75 9855623-8 1998 Furthermore, YC-1 not only stimulated sGC but also inhibited cGMP-hydrolyzing phosphodiesterases in platelets. Cyclic GMP 61-65 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 13-17 9855623-10 1998 Thus, by the combination of two effects (i.e., potentiation of NO-induced sGC stimulation and phosphodiesterase inhibition), YC-1-like substances are potent activators of the sGC/cGMP pathways and are therefore interesting candidates to act as modulators of cGMP-mediated effects, especially within the cardiovascular system. Cyclic GMP 179-183 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 125-129 9855623-10 1998 Thus, by the combination of two effects (i.e., potentiation of NO-induced sGC stimulation and phosphodiesterase inhibition), YC-1-like substances are potent activators of the sGC/cGMP pathways and are therefore interesting candidates to act as modulators of cGMP-mediated effects, especially within the cardiovascular system. Cyclic GMP 258-262 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 125-129 9755116-6 1998 Direct protein kinase-activating analogs of cAMP and cGMP (dibutyryl cAMP and 8-bromo-cGMP, respectively) also activate their specific kinases and stimulate CBF. Cyclic GMP 53-57 protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit beta Bos taurus 7-21 9780732-2 1998 They bind to and activate guanylyl cyclase-C (GC-C) to regulate intestinal and renal fluid and electrolyte transport through the second messenger, cyclic GMP. Cyclic GMP 147-157 guanylate cyclase 2C Rattus norvegicus 26-44 9780732-2 1998 They bind to and activate guanylyl cyclase-C (GC-C) to regulate intestinal and renal fluid and electrolyte transport through the second messenger, cyclic GMP. Cyclic GMP 147-157 guanylate cyclase 2C Rattus norvegicus 46-50 9693113-0 1998 Transcriptional activation of the haem oxygenase-1 gene by cGMP via a cAMP response element/activator protein-1 element in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. Cyclic GMP 59-63 heme oxygenase 1 Rattus norvegicus 34-50 9693113-2 1998 The NO signal can be transmitted by cGMP, therefore this study was aimed at testing the activation of the HO-1 gene by cGMP. Cyclic GMP 36-40 heme oxygenase 1 Rattus norvegicus 106-110 9693113-2 1998 The NO signal can be transmitted by cGMP, therefore this study was aimed at testing the activation of the HO-1 gene by cGMP. Cyclic GMP 119-123 heme oxygenase 1 Rattus norvegicus 106-110 9693113-4 1998 The HO-1 mRNA induction by cGMP was prevented by the specific protein kinase G inhibitor KT5823. Cyclic GMP 27-31 heme oxygenase 1 Rattus norvegicus 4-8 9693113-5 1998 The cGMP-dependent HO-1 mRNA induction was dose-dependent and transcriptionally regulated, as determined by studies with actinomycin D and a nuclear run-on assay. Cyclic GMP 4-8 heme oxygenase 1 Rattus norvegicus 19-23 9693113-6 1998 Cycloheximide lowered the cGMP-dependent induction of HO-1 mRNA to about one half. Cyclic GMP 26-30 heme oxygenase 1 Rattus norvegicus 54-58 9693113-8 1998 Thus HO-1 induction by cGMP appears to be stimulated by the protein kinase G pathway and may be mediated mainly via a CRE/AP-1 element in the rat HO-1 promoter. Cyclic GMP 23-27 heme oxygenase 1 Rattus norvegicus 5-9 9693113-8 1998 Thus HO-1 induction by cGMP appears to be stimulated by the protein kinase G pathway and may be mediated mainly via a CRE/AP-1 element in the rat HO-1 promoter. Cyclic GMP 23-27 heme oxygenase 1 Rattus norvegicus 146-150 9756358-3 1998 We identified the activity of five distinct cAMP-PDE isozymes: two calcium/calmodulin-dependent forms (PDE 1), one PDE 2 isozyme stimulated by guanosine-3",5"-monophosphate (cGMP), one cGMP-inhibited form (PDE 3) and a cAMP-specific, rolipram-sensitive form (PDE 4). Cyclic GMP 174-178 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 49-52 9756358-3 1998 We identified the activity of five distinct cAMP-PDE isozymes: two calcium/calmodulin-dependent forms (PDE 1), one PDE 2 isozyme stimulated by guanosine-3",5"-monophosphate (cGMP), one cGMP-inhibited form (PDE 3) and a cAMP-specific, rolipram-sensitive form (PDE 4). Cyclic GMP 174-178 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 115-120 9756358-3 1998 We identified the activity of five distinct cAMP-PDE isozymes: two calcium/calmodulin-dependent forms (PDE 1), one PDE 2 isozyme stimulated by guanosine-3",5"-monophosphate (cGMP), one cGMP-inhibited form (PDE 3) and a cAMP-specific, rolipram-sensitive form (PDE 4). Cyclic GMP 185-189 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 49-52 9756358-3 1998 We identified the activity of five distinct cAMP-PDE isozymes: two calcium/calmodulin-dependent forms (PDE 1), one PDE 2 isozyme stimulated by guanosine-3",5"-monophosphate (cGMP), one cGMP-inhibited form (PDE 3) and a cAMP-specific, rolipram-sensitive form (PDE 4). Cyclic GMP 185-189 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 115-120 9671792-9 1998 Dipyridamole, however, an inhibitor that is generally considered to be relatively specific for the cGMP selective PDEs, does inhibit PDE8 with an IC50 of 4.5 microM. Cyclic GMP 99-103 phosphodiesterase 8A Mus musculus 133-137 9624146-8 1998 The Km for cGMP makes PDE9A one of the highest affinity PDEs known. Cyclic GMP 11-15 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 22-27 9624146-8 1998 The Km for cGMP makes PDE9A one of the highest affinity PDEs known. Cyclic GMP 11-15 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 56-60 9624146-12 1998 PDE9A lacks a region homologous to the allosteric cGMP-binding regulatory regions found in the cGMP-binding PDEs: PDE2, PDE5, and PDE6. Cyclic GMP 50-54 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 0-5 9624146-12 1998 PDE9A lacks a region homologous to the allosteric cGMP-binding regulatory regions found in the cGMP-binding PDEs: PDE2, PDE5, and PDE6. Cyclic GMP 95-99 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 0-5 9618398-6 1998 It is concluded that trazodone behaves as a potent full agonist at the 5-HT2C receptor mediating inhibition of the cerebellar N-methyl-D-aspartate/nitric oxide/cyclic GMP system. Cyclic GMP 160-170 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C Rattus norvegicus 71-77 9618252-7 1998 Kinetic analysis of the baculovirus expressed enzyme shows it to be a very high affinity cAMP specific PDE with a Km of 55 nM for cAMP and 124 microM for cGMP. Cyclic GMP 154-158 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 103-106 9570801-0 1998 Nitric oxide-dependent production of cGMP supports the survival of rat embryonic motor neurons cultured with brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Cyclic GMP 37-41 brain-derived neurotrophic factor Rattus norvegicus 109-142 9576960-6 1998 NMDA-induced Ras activation occurs through a cGMP-independent pathway as 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-alpha]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), a potent and selective inhibitor of guanylyl cyclase, has no effect on NMDA receptor-induced activation of Ras, and the cell-permeable cGMP analog, 8Br-cGMP, does not activate Ras. Cyclic GMP 45-49 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21) Mus musculus 13-16 9576960-6 1998 NMDA-induced Ras activation occurs through a cGMP-independent pathway as 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-alpha]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), a potent and selective inhibitor of guanylyl cyclase, has no effect on NMDA receptor-induced activation of Ras, and the cell-permeable cGMP analog, 8Br-cGMP, does not activate Ras. Cyclic GMP 263-267 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21) Mus musculus 13-16 9612247-10 1998 In the presence of ionomycin, insulin increased cGMP production by 43% (P < 0.05). Cyclic GMP 48-52 insulin Canis lupus familiaris 30-37 9564878-1 1998 The present study was undertaken: 1) to localize and characterize atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) receptors in the rat mammary gland; and 2) to elucidate ANP-induced cellular formation of cyclic GMP (cGMP) and alterations in alveolar morphology during both early and late lactation. Cyclic GMP 189-199 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 155-158 9564878-1 1998 The present study was undertaken: 1) to localize and characterize atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) receptors in the rat mammary gland; and 2) to elucidate ANP-induced cellular formation of cyclic GMP (cGMP) and alterations in alveolar morphology during both early and late lactation. Cyclic GMP 201-205 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 155-158 9564878-5 1998 Systemically administered ANP induced cGMP formation in the alveolar epithelium, as shown with immunohistochemistry, and increased mammary tissue cGMP concentrations in vivo throughout the lactation period. Cyclic GMP 38-42 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 26-29 9564878-5 1998 Systemically administered ANP induced cGMP formation in the alveolar epithelium, as shown with immunohistochemistry, and increased mammary tissue cGMP concentrations in vivo throughout the lactation period. Cyclic GMP 146-150 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 26-29 9564878-7 1998 These results indicate that ANP induces biological effects in the rat mammary gland through specific ANP-A receptor interaction with subsequent intracellular cGMP formation. Cyclic GMP 158-162 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 28-31 9625219-2 1998 OBJECTIVE: To determine whether urinary cyclic GMP (cGMP), which mediates the actions of the vasodilators nitric oxide and atrial natriuretic factor, is inversely related to blood pressure (BP) reactivity. Cyclic GMP 52-56 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 47-50 9539801-8 1998 Coexpression of CNG4.3 with CNG2 induced a current with significantly increased sensitivity for cAMP whereas cGMP affinity was not altered. Cyclic GMP 109-113 cyclic nucleotide gated channel subunit alpha 4 Homo sapiens 16-20 9579743-2 1998 The effect of the NSAIDs indomethacin, indoprofen, diclofenac and acetylsalicylic acid on the increase in guanosine 3":5"-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic GMP) induced by nitric oxide-donor agents was tested in human whole platelets and in platelet crude homogenate. Cyclic GMP 106-142 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 151-154 9448321-3 1998 We show that the low levels of cGMP in rd chicken retina are a consequence of a null mutation in the photoreceptor guanylate cyclase (GC1) gene. Cyclic GMP 31-35 photoreceptor guanylate cyclase 1 Gallus gallus 134-137 9830516-8 1998 Despite this, ANP-induced cGMP production was significantly enhanced by co-incubation with low concentrations of bradykinin (up to 0.1 nM). Cyclic GMP 26-30 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 14-17 9830516-9 1998 In contrast, ANP-induced cGMP accumulation was unchanged by concentrations of 1 nM bradykinin or higher. Cyclic GMP 25-29 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 13-16 10806828-3 1998 The results showed that Huangdan capsule could postpone the increase in the levels of cGMP and ANP, suggesting that by regulating the water and sodium metabolism, Huangdan capsule could ameliorate the glomerular filtration rate, and that Huangdan capsule could lower the levels of cGMP and ANP in plasma via body regulation. Cyclic GMP 281-285 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 290-293 9600325-1 1998 Uroguanylin and guanylin are isolated mainly from the gastrointestinal tract and are activators of guanylyl cyclase C receptor (GC-C), which mediates the production of intracellular cyclic guanosine 3",5"-monophosphate (cyclic GMP). Cyclic GMP 182-218 guanylyl cyclase C Cavia porcellus 99-126 9600325-1 1998 Uroguanylin and guanylin are isolated mainly from the gastrointestinal tract and are activators of guanylyl cyclase C receptor (GC-C), which mediates the production of intracellular cyclic guanosine 3",5"-monophosphate (cyclic GMP). Cyclic GMP 182-218 guanylyl cyclase C Cavia porcellus 128-132 9600325-1 1998 Uroguanylin and guanylin are isolated mainly from the gastrointestinal tract and are activators of guanylyl cyclase C receptor (GC-C), which mediates the production of intracellular cyclic guanosine 3",5"-monophosphate (cyclic GMP). Cyclic GMP 220-230 guanylyl cyclase C Cavia porcellus 99-126 9600325-1 1998 Uroguanylin and guanylin are isolated mainly from the gastrointestinal tract and are activators of guanylyl cyclase C receptor (GC-C), which mediates the production of intracellular cyclic guanosine 3",5"-monophosphate (cyclic GMP). Cyclic GMP 220-230 guanylyl cyclase C Cavia porcellus 128-132 9706250-4 1998 Complementary, plasma metabolites nitrite/nitrate of nitric oxide (NO) was examined because of mediation for both (NO an ANF) through cGMP. Cyclic GMP 134-138 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 121-124 9443939-6 1998 YC-1 slowed down the dissociation rates for NO and CO from the activated enzyme as monitored by cGMP accumulation after addition of the NO and CO scavenger oxyhemoglobin. Cyclic GMP 96-100 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 0-4 9421305-19 1997 It is concluded that relaxation of smooth muscle preparations by YC-1 is mediated mainly by activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase and subsequent increase in cyclic GMP levels. Cyclic GMP 158-168 glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 65-69 9426959-9 1997 CONCLUSIONS: These results lead us to assume that NO generated from SNP is closely related to cyclic GMP production via the activation of guanylate cyclase and, in turn, causes a relaxation response in the bovine ciliary muscle contracted with ET-1. Cyclic GMP 94-104 endothelin 1 Bos taurus 244-248 9374736-1 1997 Inhibitors of guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP)-inhibited phosphodiesterases stimulate Cl- transport across the nasal epithelia of cystic fibrosis mice carrying the delta F508 mutation [cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) (delta F/delta F)], suggesting a role for cGMP in regulation of epithelial ion transport. Cyclic GMP 14-50 cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator Mus musculus 196-247 9374736-1 1997 Inhibitors of guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP)-inhibited phosphodiesterases stimulate Cl- transport across the nasal epithelia of cystic fibrosis mice carrying the delta F508 mutation [cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) (delta F/delta F)], suggesting a role for cGMP in regulation of epithelial ion transport. Cyclic GMP 14-50 cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator Mus musculus 249-253 9374736-1 1997 Inhibitors of guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP)-inhibited phosphodiesterases stimulate Cl- transport across the nasal epithelia of cystic fibrosis mice carrying the delta F508 mutation [cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) (delta F/delta F)], suggesting a role for cGMP in regulation of epithelial ion transport. Cyclic GMP 52-56 cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator Mus musculus 196-247 9374736-1 1997 Inhibitors of guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP)-inhibited phosphodiesterases stimulate Cl- transport across the nasal epithelia of cystic fibrosis mice carrying the delta F508 mutation [cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) (delta F/delta F)], suggesting a role for cGMP in regulation of epithelial ion transport. Cyclic GMP 52-56 cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator Mus musculus 249-253 9353411-2 1997 However, in rat vas deferens and rat distal colon, cGMP-elevating agents such as SNP and atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) have been shown to elevate cGMP without inducing relaxation. Cyclic GMP 51-55 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 89-114 9353411-2 1997 However, in rat vas deferens and rat distal colon, cGMP-elevating agents such as SNP and atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) have been shown to elevate cGMP without inducing relaxation. Cyclic GMP 51-55 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 116-119 9353411-2 1997 However, in rat vas deferens and rat distal colon, cGMP-elevating agents such as SNP and atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) have been shown to elevate cGMP without inducing relaxation. Cyclic GMP 148-152 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 89-114 9353411-2 1997 However, in rat vas deferens and rat distal colon, cGMP-elevating agents such as SNP and atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) have been shown to elevate cGMP without inducing relaxation. Cyclic GMP 148-152 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 116-119 9353411-7 1997 In both rat proximal and rat distal colon, 100 nM ANF significantly elevated cGMP levels and PKG activity ratios, but only in the proximal colon was inhibition of spontaneous contractions observed. Cyclic GMP 77-81 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 50-53 9358025-8 1997 Urinary kinin and cGMP levels were significantly increased in rats receiving kallikrein gene delivery compared to Ad.CMV-LacZ control rats. Cyclic GMP 18-22 kallikrein related peptidase 4 Homo sapiens 77-87 9375976-5 1997 We determined the intracellular accumulation of guanosine 3":5"-cyclic monophosphate cyclic GMP; a measure of nitric oxide production and the release of endothelin and prostacyclin (measured as its stable metabolite 6-keto-prostaglandin F1alpha) from cultured cells derived from the long saphenous veins of patients with primary varicosis (Varicose saphena group, n = 27) or from patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery (Healthy saphena group, n = 22). Cyclic GMP 48-84 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 92-95 9299509-1 1997 In the present work we investigate atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) effects on the endogenous content, utilization and turn over of norepinephrine (NE), on tyrosine hydroxilase (TH) activity, on cAMP and cGMP levels, and on phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis in rat adrenal medulla in order to assess the possible mechanisms underlying ANF effects on NE metabolism. Cyclic GMP 203-207 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 62-65 9299509-4 1997 When second messenger systems were studied results showed that 10 nM ANF increased cGMP levels in adrenal medulla (51%), while it modified neither cAMP levels nor phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis. Cyclic GMP 83-87 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 69-72 9287356-5 1997 Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Northern blot analyses demonstrated that OlGC3, OlGC4, and OlGC5 transcripts are present in the eye, which contains more cGMP than the other organs. Cyclic GMP 173-177 retinal guanylyl cyclase 2 Oryzias latipes 100-105 9256484-4 1997 CCK treatment induced an increase of intracellular cGMP concentrations, but concomitant addition of LY 83583 virtually suppressed this increase. Cyclic GMP 51-55 cholecystokinin Cricetulus griseus 0-3 9256484-8 1997 RC-160 inhibited both CCK-induced intracellular cGMP formation as well as activation of p42-MAP kinase phosphorylation and activity. Cyclic GMP 48-52 cholecystokinin Cricetulus griseus 22-25 9277362-6 1997 ANF (10(-7) M) inhibits the antiport, decreasing both the rate of recovery and the set point by approximately 0.3 pH units, because of guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate production. Cyclic GMP 135-171 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-3 9301433-4 1997 The L-arginine-nitric oxide (NO)-cyclic GMP (cGMP) pathway plays an important role in counteracting vasospasm. Cyclic GMP 45-49 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 40-43 9263990-5 1997 8-Bromo-cyclic GMP, a membrane-permeable 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) derivative, mimicked the action of ANP. Cyclic GMP 69-73 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 110-113 9202339-3 1997 Seven receptor antagonists, endowed with relative selectivities for the 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B, and 5-HT2C subtypes, differentially affected the inhibition by (+/-)-1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane of the cyclic GMP response, suggesting that the receptor involved belongs to the 5-HT2C subtype. Cyclic GMP 210-220 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C Rattus norvegicus 92-98 9202339-3 1997 Seven receptor antagonists, endowed with relative selectivities for the 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B, and 5-HT2C subtypes, differentially affected the inhibition by (+/-)-1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane of the cyclic GMP response, suggesting that the receptor involved belongs to the 5-HT2C subtype. Cyclic GMP 210-220 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C Rattus norvegicus 284-290 9188508-6 1997 The resulting chimeric protein (GC-BX1) was active, and CNP elevated cGMP in a concentration-dependent manner. Cyclic GMP 69-73 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 56-59 9227514-0 1997 Atrial natriuretic peptide accounts for increased cGMP in hypoxia-induced hypertensive rat lungs. Cyclic GMP 50-54 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-26 9227514-6 1997 ANP antiserum was also more effective than L-NNA in reducing lung tissue cGMP. Cyclic GMP 73-77 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-3 9227514-8 1997 These results suggested that whereas ANP determined perfusate and tissue levels of cGMP, NO regulated vascular tone. Cyclic GMP 83-87 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 37-40 9180632-2 1997 We have demonstrated the significance of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) as a novel endothelium-derived relaxing peptide (EDRP) that shares a cGMP pathway with nitric oxide. Cyclic GMP 143-147 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 41-67 9180632-2 1997 We have demonstrated the significance of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) as a novel endothelium-derived relaxing peptide (EDRP) that shares a cGMP pathway with nitric oxide. Cyclic GMP 143-147 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 69-72 9161702-5 1997 These results suggest that the elastin-derived peptide induces monocyte chemotaxis by increasing the level of cGMP, followed by activating PKG. Cyclic GMP 110-114 elastin Homo sapiens 31-38 9192726-10 1997 These results suggested that the increase in the cGMP level and the activation of PKG in macrophages are involved in alpha-elastin induced macrophage chemotaxis. Cyclic GMP 49-53 elastin Homo sapiens 123-130 9160812-7 1997 These results indicate that Ang II and AVP stimulate ET-1 production in cultured rat VSMC through AT1 and V1 receptors by a mechanism probably involving activation of PKC, and that ANP, BNP, and CNP inhibit this stimulated production through a cyclic GMP-dependent process. Cyclic GMP 244-254 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 181-184 10495785-9 1997 G alpha 13 increased bradykinin-stimulated Ca influx by a mechanism that depends on NO and cGMP. Cyclic GMP 91-95 G protein subunit alpha 13 Homo sapiens 0-10 9122260-6 1997 The relative affinities of uroguanylin and guanylin for binding to receptors on the mucosal surface of T84 cells is influenced dramatically by mucosal acidity, which explains the strong pH dependency of the cGMP and chloride secretion responses to these peptides. Cyclic GMP 207-211 guanylate cyclase activator 2B Homo sapiens 27-38 9122260-9 1997 We conclude that guanylin and uroguanylin evolved distinctly different structures, which enables both peptides to regulate, in a pH-dependent fashion, the activity of receptors that control intestinal salt and water transport via cGMP. Cyclic GMP 230-234 guanylate cyclase activator 2B Homo sapiens 30-41 9087663-1 1997 This study was designed to test the hypothesis that active thermoregulatory vasodilation (AVD) is the result of a neurotransmitter-induced adenosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) pathway interacting with a nitric oxide-induced guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) pathway. Cyclic GMP 231-267 antimicrobial protein CAP18 Oryctolagus cuniculus 177-181 9087663-1 1997 This study was designed to test the hypothesis that active thermoregulatory vasodilation (AVD) is the result of a neurotransmitter-induced adenosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) pathway interacting with a nitric oxide-induced guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) pathway. Cyclic GMP 269-273 antimicrobial protein CAP18 Oryctolagus cuniculus 177-181 9087663-11 1997 These results suggest that cGMP plays a permissive role in AVD and indicate that the transmitter acts through cAMP. Cyclic GMP 27-31 antimicrobial protein CAP18 Oryctolagus cuniculus 110-114 9059852-4 1997 Thus, CNP is suggested to cause significant vasodilation in cerebral arterioles via a cyclic guanosine monophosphate-dependent mechanism. Cyclic GMP 86-116 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 6-9 9051308-10 1997 YC-1 induced a concentration-dependent increase in intracellular cyclic GMP levels in rat cultured aortic VSMC, which was completely inhibited by NS 2028. Cyclic GMP 65-75 glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 0-4 9051308-11 1997 YC-1 applied at the same concentration as SNP elicited 2.5 fold higher cyclic GMP formation. Cyclic GMP 71-81 glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 0-4 9051308-12 1997 Cyclic GMP-increases in response to SNP and YC-1 were additive. Cyclic GMP 0-10 glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 44-48 9051308-14 1997 YC-1 relaxed preconstricted endothelium-denuded rabbit aortic rings in a concentration-dependent manner (50% at 20 microM) and markedly increased cyclic GMP levels. Cyclic GMP 146-156 glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 0-4 9051308-16 1997 A concentration of YC-1 (3 microM), which elicited only minor effects on relaxation and cyclic GMP, increased the vasodilator potency of SNP and nitroglycerin (NTG) by 10 fold and markedly enhanced SNP- and NTG-induced cyclic GMP formation. Cyclic GMP 88-98 glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 19-23 9051308-16 1997 A concentration of YC-1 (3 microM), which elicited only minor effects on relaxation and cyclic GMP, increased the vasodilator potency of SNP and nitroglycerin (NTG) by 10 fold and markedly enhanced SNP- and NTG-induced cyclic GMP formation. Cyclic GMP 219-229 glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 19-23 9051308-23 1997 In conclusion, these results indicate that YC-1 is an NO-independent, O-2-sensitive, direct activator of sGC in VSMC and exerts vasorelaxation by increasing intracellular cyclic GMP levels. Cyclic GMP 171-181 glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 43-47 9361777-2 1997 In this context, the local synthesis of two neuroactive signaling molecules, namely nitric oxide (NO) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), both acting via the second messenger, cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), might be of physiological relevance. Cyclic GMP 210-214 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 134-137 9361777-5 1997 The functional activity of the two receptors was proved by generation of cGMP in response to treatments with the NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), and with CNP, respectively. Cyclic GMP 73-77 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 160-163 9043635-5 1997 These results suggest that the elastin-derived peptide induces monocyte chemotaxis by increasing the level of cGMP, followed by activating PKG. Cyclic GMP 110-114 elastin Homo sapiens 31-38 9437707-6 1997 These data suggest that ANP blocks the SGLT through mechanisms mediated by cGMP and/or NO. Cyclic GMP 75-79 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 24-27 8996511-5 1997 Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a purported mediator of cerebral vasospasm, has been suggested to alter nitric oxide function and cGMP concentration. Cyclic GMP 119-123 endothelin-1 Sus scrofa 0-12 8996511-5 1997 Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a purported mediator of cerebral vasospasm, has been suggested to alter nitric oxide function and cGMP concentration. Cyclic GMP 119-123 endothelin-1 Sus scrofa 14-18 8996511-16 1997 These data also indicate the opioid-induced vasodilation and cGMP production are partially restored after FPI by ET-1 receptor blockade. Cyclic GMP 61-65 endothelin-1 Sus scrofa 113-117 8988337-1 1996 The C-type natriuretic peptide (10(-7) M) and atrial natriuretic peptide (10(-7) M) enhanced cGMP accumulation by 418 and 83 times the control value, respectively, in osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells. Cyclic GMP 93-97 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 4-30 8942735-9 1996 CONCLUSIONS: Guanylin and STa stimulate electrogenic HCO3- secretion in rat duodenum, most likely via CFTR Cl- channel activation, but the different relationship for HCO3- to Isc in cGMP-than in cAMP-stimulated anion secretion suggests a different cellular source and/or signaling pathways. Cyclic GMP 182-186 guanylate cyclase activator 2A Rattus norvegicus 13-21 8945908-9 1996 In separate experiments, guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate increased twofold within 10-60 s after the addition of CNP (10(-8) M). Cyclic GMP 25-61 natriuretic peptide C Canis lupus familiaris 117-120 8921398-0 1996 Molecular cloning and chromosomal assignment of the human homologue of the rat cGMP-inhibited phosphodiesterase 1 (PDE3A)--a gene involved in fat metabolism located at 11p 15.1. Cyclic GMP 79-83 phosphodiesterase 3A Rattus norvegicus 115-120 8921398-1 1996 We have cloned the coding region of a human gene, whose predicted amino acid sequence shows 88% homology and higher correspondence in functional domains to the rat cGMP inhibited phosphodiesterase gene (PDE3A). Cyclic GMP 164-168 phosphodiesterase 3A Rattus norvegicus 203-208 8921398-2 1996 In concordance with the expression data of the rat PDE3A gene, a 5.3-kb transcript of the human cGMP-inhibited phosphodiesterase gene is shown in Northern blot analysis to be highly expressed in adipose tissue. Cyclic GMP 96-100 phosphodiesterase 3A Rattus norvegicus 51-56 8898005-11 1996 These data suggest that the renin-angiotensin system tonically stimulates renal BK production and cGMP formation via a non-AT1 angiotensin receptor and renal PGE2 production via the AT1 receptor. Cyclic GMP 98-102 renin Canis lupus familiaris 28-33 8837586-1 1996 OBJECTIVES: We tested the hypothesis that C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) mediates coronary vasodilation through activation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) by way of particulate guanylate cyclase. Cyclic GMP 128-158 natriuretic peptide C Canis lupus familiaris 42-68 8837586-1 1996 OBJECTIVES: We tested the hypothesis that C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) mediates coronary vasodilation through activation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) by way of particulate guanylate cyclase. Cyclic GMP 128-158 natriuretic peptide C Canis lupus familiaris 70-73 8837586-1 1996 OBJECTIVES: We tested the hypothesis that C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) mediates coronary vasodilation through activation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) by way of particulate guanylate cyclase. Cyclic GMP 160-164 natriuretic peptide C Canis lupus familiaris 42-68 8837586-1 1996 OBJECTIVES: We tested the hypothesis that C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) mediates coronary vasodilation through activation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) by way of particulate guanylate cyclase. Cyclic GMP 160-164 natriuretic peptide C Canis lupus familiaris 70-73 8837586-10 1996 CONCLUSIONS: CNP functions as a coronary vasodilator through activation of cGMP by way of particulate guanylate cyclase. Cyclic GMP 75-79 natriuretic peptide C Canis lupus familiaris 13-16 8884855-7 1996 8-Bromoguanosine 3":5"-cyclic monophosphate, a membrane-permeable analogue of cGMP regulating membrane Ca(2+)-pump activity in various cells, completely reversed the ethanol-induced inhibition of amylase release and Ca2+ outflux in response to CCK-8 as well as fluoride. Cyclic GMP 78-82 cholecystokinin Rattus norvegicus 244-247 8880069-6 1996 We propose that the depletion of platelet Ca2+ stores and the reduction of Ca2+ release evoked by endothelin-3 could be due, at least in part, to the elevation of cGMP content and to a decrease in Ca2+ accumulating pump activity. Cyclic GMP 163-167 endothelin 3 Homo sapiens 98-110 8862226-3 1996 The NEP activity in plasma was significantly inhibited and the plasma levels of atrial (ANP) and brain (BNP) natriuretic peptides and their second messenger, cyclic GMP, were distinctly raised after oral administration. Cyclic GMP 158-168 membrane metallo-endopeptidase Rattus norvegicus 4-7 8759339-5 1996 RESULTS: Both atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) increased the accumulation of cGMP in HTM-3, HTM-16, and CM cells. Cyclic GMP 114-118 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 51-77 8759339-5 1996 RESULTS: Both atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) increased the accumulation of cGMP in HTM-3, HTM-16, and CM cells. Cyclic GMP 114-118 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 79-82 8660352-4 1996 CNP increased cGMP production, far more potently than atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in an osteoblastic cell line, MC3T3-E1. Cyclic GMP 14-18 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 0-3 8612505-10 1996 In agreement with these data only ANP, but not the C-type natriuretic peptide, elicited increased cGMP response in Con A-stimulated cells. Cyclic GMP 98-102 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 34-37 8786336-7 1996 Taken together, these results show that leucokinin acts through intracellular Ca2+, independently of cyclic AMP or cyclic GMP, to raise the chloride permeability of the epithelium. Cyclic GMP 115-125 Leucokinin Drosophila melanogaster 40-50 8613249-1 1996 Natriuretic peptides elicit their biological effects by elevation of cGMP through activation of two biologically active receptors: natriuretic peptide A receptor, which shows high affinity to atrial and brain natriuretic peptides, and natriuretic peptide B receptor, which is specific to C-type natriuretic peptide. Cyclic GMP 69-73 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 288-314 8613249-2 1996 To elucidate the implications of the natriuretic peptide system in arteries and veins, we examined the cGMP production in response to atrial and C-type natriuretic peptide and gene expressions of biologically active natriuretic peptide receptors in human gastroepiploic artery, internal mammary artery, and saphenous vein. Cyclic GMP 103-107 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 145-171 8613249-4 1996 C-type natriuretic peptide stimulated cGMP production weakly and equally in these vessels. Cyclic GMP 38-42 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 0-26 8727695-1 1996 How 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and ionomycin (Io), a calcium ionophore, affect on the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) stimulated cyclic-3",5"-guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) production in cultured rat mesangial cells was examined. Cyclic GMP 148-184 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 104-130 8727695-1 1996 How 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and ionomycin (Io), a calcium ionophore, affect on the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) stimulated cyclic-3",5"-guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) production in cultured rat mesangial cells was examined. Cyclic GMP 186-190 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 104-130 8557689-12 1996 Hcam3a has a high affinity for both cAMP and cGMP and thus has distinctly different kinetic parameters from Hcam1, which has a higher affinity for cGMP than for cAMP. Cyclic GMP 147-151 phosphodiesterase 1A Homo sapiens 108-113 9201320-0 1996 Effects of alpha-MSH and cholinergic agents on cGMP and IP3 levels in rat brain slices. Cyclic GMP 47-51 proopiomelanocortin Rattus norvegicus 11-20 9201320-4 1996 In this study we have intended to measure cGMP or IP3 in response to alpha-MSH, and also to study the interaction with cholinergic drugs by measuring the second messengers recently mentioned. Cyclic GMP 42-46 proopiomelanocortin Rattus norvegicus 69-78 9201320-5 1996 cGMP and IP3 have been measured in tissues and medium in their response to the effect of alpha-MSH alone or in the presence of the peptide plus pilocarpine (selective muscarinic agonist) or atropine (selective muscarinic antagonist). Cyclic GMP 0-4 proopiomelanocortin Rattus norvegicus 89-98 8869231-4 1996 In frog ventricular myocytes, cGMP inhibits ICa by stimulation of a cGMP-stimulated cAMP phosphodiesterase (PDE2), whereas in rat ventricular myocytes, cGMP predominantly inhibits ICa via a mechanism involving activation of a cGMP-dependent protein kinase (cGMP-PK). Cyclic GMP 68-72 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 108-112 8869231-7 1996 Biochemical characterization of the endogenous phosphodiesterases and cGMP-PK in purified cardiac myocytes provide further evidence in support of these mechanisms of cGMP action on ICa. Cyclic GMP 166-170 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 47-65 8822517-1 1996 We examined the binding characteristics of the two endogenous forms of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP-22 and CNP-53) and their effects on cyclic GMP (cGMP) accumulation in primary cultures of mouse astrocytes. Cyclic GMP 139-149 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 71-97 8822517-1 1996 We examined the binding characteristics of the two endogenous forms of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP-22 and CNP-53) and their effects on cyclic GMP (cGMP) accumulation in primary cultures of mouse astrocytes. Cyclic GMP 151-155 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 71-97 9259051-7 1996 These results suggest that NO, acting through a cGMP-dependent mechanism, inhibits expression of the c-fos and c-jun genes in arteries, which may contribute to the growth-inhibiting effects of the endothelium. Cyclic GMP 48-52 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 101-106 8519795-4 1995 This expression of GCAP-II indicates a pivotal role in cGMP-mediated functions of the colon. Cyclic GMP 55-59 guanylate cyclase activator 2B Homo sapiens 19-26 8594888-5 1995 ANF or C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) added to the basal side of cultured cells resulted in guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate formation that was greater than when applied to the apical side. Cyclic GMP 94-130 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-3 8594888-5 1995 ANF or C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) added to the basal side of cultured cells resulted in guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate formation that was greater than when applied to the apical side. Cyclic GMP 94-130 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 7-33 8594888-5 1995 ANF or C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) added to the basal side of cultured cells resulted in guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate formation that was greater than when applied to the apical side. Cyclic GMP 94-130 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 35-38 8594932-4 1995 By contrast, the action of leucokinin is additive to both cAMP and cGMP but not to thapsigargin, suggesting that leucokinin acts by the elevation of intracellular calcium. Cyclic GMP 67-71 Leucokinin Drosophila melanogaster 27-37 8594932-4 1995 By contrast, the action of leucokinin is additive to both cAMP and cGMP but not to thapsigargin, suggesting that leucokinin acts by the elevation of intracellular calcium. Cyclic GMP 67-71 Leucokinin Drosophila melanogaster 113-123 8848004-13 1995 Similar results were obtained on evaluation of the ability of the oxidized form of monoiodinated Tyr(O)CNP on the cGMP responses in cells transfected with NPR-B. Cyclic GMP 114-118 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 103-106 8719423-6 1995 These results suggest that NO produced by NO synthase in airway epithelium modulates bradykinin- and ATP-induced [Ca2+]i responses, which may be dependent on cyclic GMP. Cyclic GMP 158-168 kininogen 1 Bos taurus 85-95 7559613-1 1995 Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) treatment of rat aortic smooth muscle cells suppressed both 125I-ANP binding and ANP-dependent cGMP accumulation, suggesting reductions in the type C (NPR-C) and type A (NPR-A) natriuretic peptide receptor populations, respectively. Cyclic GMP 128-132 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-26 7559613-1 1995 Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) treatment of rat aortic smooth muscle cells suppressed both 125I-ANP binding and ANP-dependent cGMP accumulation, suggesting reductions in the type C (NPR-C) and type A (NPR-A) natriuretic peptide receptor populations, respectively. Cyclic GMP 128-132 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 28-31 11541010-4 1995 On board the MIR station only urinary (volume and electrolytes, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and catecholamines) and salivary (cGMP and cortisol) samples were collected, centrifuged and stored in freezer. Cyclic GMP 170-174 membrane associated ring-CH-type finger 8 Homo sapiens 13-16 8548301-6 1995 The cyclic GMP derivatives 8-Br-cGMP and Sp-8-p-chlorophenylthioguanosine-3",5"-cyclic monophosphorothioate (Sp-8-pCPT-cGMPS) also acted facilitatory, whereas the corresponding Rp-enantiomer of the latter compound was inactive, but antagonized the effect of Sp-8-pCPT-cGMPS. Cyclic GMP 4-14 Sp8 transcription factor Rattus norvegicus 109-113 8548301-6 1995 The cyclic GMP derivatives 8-Br-cGMP and Sp-8-p-chlorophenylthioguanosine-3",5"-cyclic monophosphorothioate (Sp-8-pCPT-cGMPS) also acted facilitatory, whereas the corresponding Rp-enantiomer of the latter compound was inactive, but antagonized the effect of Sp-8-pCPT-cGMPS. Cyclic GMP 4-14 Sp8 transcription factor Rattus norvegicus 109-113 7573533-1 1995 Studies were performed to examine the changes of renal ANF second messenger guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) responses and receptor properties in chronic renal failure (CRF). Cyclic GMP 76-112 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 55-58 7573533-1 1995 Studies were performed to examine the changes of renal ANF second messenger guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) responses and receptor properties in chronic renal failure (CRF). Cyclic GMP 114-118 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 55-58 7573533-4 1995 In vitro ANF-stimulated cGMP accumulations in glomeruli of five-sixths-nephrectomized rats were higher than controls. Cyclic GMP 24-28 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 9-12 7573533-7 1995 Therefore, downregulation of ANF clearance receptors exists in CRF rat glomeruli, and this is associated with the exaggerated ANF-stimulated cGMP response in these CRF glomeruli. Cyclic GMP 141-145 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 29-32 8747722-6 1995 B136 also blocked CNP-mediated intracellular cGMP accumulation in NPR-B-expressing cells. Cyclic GMP 45-49 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 18-21 8869083-7 1995 Administration of a selective inhibitor of cGMP-phosphodiesterase activity (zaprinast) abolished the differences in ANF-stimulated nephrogenous cGMP excretion in low and normal sodium diet rats. Cyclic GMP 43-47 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 116-119 8869083-8 1995 Basal and peak ANF (0.5 microM)-stimulated cGMP formation by isolated glomeruli was significantly lower in low than normal sodium diet rats (1.4 +/- 0.1 vs. 2.9 +/- 0.2 and 7.1 +/- 0.5 vs. 12.5 +/- 1.1 pmol/mg protein, for basal and ANF-stimulated cGMP formation, respectively; both p < 0.05). Cyclic GMP 43-47 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 15-18 8869083-8 1995 Basal and peak ANF (0.5 microM)-stimulated cGMP formation by isolated glomeruli was significantly lower in low than normal sodium diet rats (1.4 +/- 0.1 vs. 2.9 +/- 0.2 and 7.1 +/- 0.5 vs. 12.5 +/- 1.1 pmol/mg protein, for basal and ANF-stimulated cGMP formation, respectively; both p < 0.05). Cyclic GMP 248-252 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 15-18 8869083-9 1995 Zaprinast both alone and in combination with ANF, potentiated cGMP formation by glomeruli isolated from both groups of rats. Cyclic GMP 62-66 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 45-48 7642558-6 1995 CNP (1 and 10 microM) elevated cGMP production in marrow cultures to 350 and 870%, respectively, of control values. Cyclic GMP 31-35 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 0-3 7590744-0 1995 cDNA, gene structure, and chromosomal localization of human GAR1 (CNCG3L), a homolog of the third subunit of bovine photoreceptor cGMP-gated channel. Cyclic GMP 130-134 GAR1 ribonucleoprotein Homo sapiens 60-64 7755628-5 1995 These inhibitory effects are mediated at least in part through enhancement of intracellular cyclic nucleotides levels since: 1) intracellular cGMP and cAMP levels increased within minutes after NO treatment, 2) treatment of BMMC with a cAMP analogue induced antiproliferative effect on BMMC and 3) pretreatment of BMMC with a cAMP antagonist partly reversed the inhibitory activity of SNP. Cyclic GMP 142-146 cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 236-240 7755628-5 1995 These inhibitory effects are mediated at least in part through enhancement of intracellular cyclic nucleotides levels since: 1) intracellular cGMP and cAMP levels increased within minutes after NO treatment, 2) treatment of BMMC with a cAMP analogue induced antiproliferative effect on BMMC and 3) pretreatment of BMMC with a cAMP antagonist partly reversed the inhibitory activity of SNP. Cyclic GMP 142-146 cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 236-240 7737465-5 1995 Activation of TRE-regulated genes by NO-releasing agents and cGMP analogs appeared to be mediated by the AP-1 (Jun/Fos) transcription factor complex because we observed increased DNA binding of AP-1 and increased junB and c-fos mRNA in cells treated with these agents. Cyclic GMP 61-65 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Homo sapiens 115-118 7737465-5 1995 Activation of TRE-regulated genes by NO-releasing agents and cGMP analogs appeared to be mediated by the AP-1 (Jun/Fos) transcription factor complex because we observed increased DNA binding of AP-1 and increased junB and c-fos mRNA in cells treated with these agents. Cyclic GMP 61-65 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Homo sapiens 222-227 7702575-3 1995 The dose of YC-1 required to cause inhibition of FCS-induced proliferation was similar to that necessary for the formation of cellular cyclic GMP (cGMP). Cyclic GMP 135-145 glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 12-16 7702575-3 1995 The dose of YC-1 required to cause inhibition of FCS-induced proliferation was similar to that necessary for the formation of cellular cyclic GMP (cGMP). Cyclic GMP 147-151 glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 12-16 7702575-6 1995 These results verified that YC-1 is a direct soluble guanylate cyclase activator in A10 VSMCs, and the anti-proliferative effect of YC-1 is mediated by cGMP. Cyclic GMP 152-156 glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 132-136 7876238-7 1995 With cells isolated from either the media or adventitia layers of rat thoracic aorta, 3G12 did not interfere with ANP-stimulated cGMP synthesis, but it inhibited CNP-stimulated cGMP levels in cells from both layers. Cyclic GMP 177-181 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 162-165 7891313-4 1995 Enzyme modulation occurs with an EC50 for ANP of 0.1 nM, is independent of intracellular [Na+] and is associated with an increase in tissue cyclic GMP (cGMP), but not cyclic AMP (cAMP). Cyclic GMP 152-156 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 147-150 7596037-1 1995 To delineate the importance of cyclic GMP (cGMP) as a second messenger for signal transduction within the cell, catalytic and regulatory features of the proteins involved in the synthesis and degradation of cGMP, i.e., guanylate cyclases and phosphodiesterases, are described. Cyclic GMP 43-47 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 38-41 7596037-1 1995 To delineate the importance of cyclic GMP (cGMP) as a second messenger for signal transduction within the cell, catalytic and regulatory features of the proteins involved in the synthesis and degradation of cGMP, i.e., guanylate cyclases and phosphodiesterases, are described. Cyclic GMP 207-211 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 38-41 7857264-0 1995 The nitroso-donor S-nitroso-cysteine regulates IsK expressed in Xenopus oocytes via a c-GMP independent mechanism. Cyclic GMP 86-91 potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E regulatory subunit 1 Homo sapiens 47-50 7857264-4 1995 These data suggest that the NO-donor SNOC regulates IsK indirectly via a cGMP independent, but staurosporine sensitive, pathway. Cyclic GMP 73-77 potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E regulatory subunit 1 Homo sapiens 52-55 7695197-1 1995 Recently we have found that C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) inhibits proliferation of cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells through an elevation of cGMP. Cyclic GMP 153-157 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 28-54 7695197-1 1995 Recently we have found that C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) inhibits proliferation of cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells through an elevation of cGMP. Cyclic GMP 153-157 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 56-59 7695197-4 1995 We also found that CNP potently stimulated cGMP production in injured carotid arteries with intimal thickening, but not in intact ones. Cyclic GMP 43-47 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 19-22 7988701-3 1994 When incubated with 10(-6) M of adrenomedullin for 30 min, cellular levels of cAMP increased from the basal value of 10.2 +/- 1.4 to 107 +/- 2.8 pmol/2 x 10(5) cells without affecting cGMP levels. Cyclic GMP 184-188 adrenomedullin Rattus norvegicus 32-46 7988473-2 1994 C-Type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is of particular interest in this regard because the highest tissue concentrations of CNP occur in the anterior pituitary, where it is a highly potent stimulator of cGMP production. Cyclic GMP 198-202 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 0-26 7988473-2 1994 C-Type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is of particular interest in this regard because the highest tissue concentrations of CNP occur in the anterior pituitary, where it is a highly potent stimulator of cGMP production. Cyclic GMP 198-202 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 28-31 7988473-2 1994 C-Type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is of particular interest in this regard because the highest tissue concentrations of CNP occur in the anterior pituitary, where it is a highly potent stimulator of cGMP production. Cyclic GMP 198-202 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 119-122 7988473-8 1994 Culture of rat pituitary cells with the conjugate caused comparable reductions in CNP-stimulated cGMP production, GnRH-stimulated LH release, and CA2+ ionophore (A23187)-stimulated LH release, but did not measurably alter cAMP production in response to pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide. Cyclic GMP 97-101 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 82-85 7990707-0 1994 Cyclic guanosine monophosphate responses to atrial natriuretic factor, brain natriuretic peptide, but not C-type natriuretic peptide, and the characterization of their receptors in rat medullary thick ascending limb. Cyclic GMP 0-30 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 44-69 7990707-4 1994 Results showed that ANF and BNP were both capable of eliciting cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) responses in mTAL. Cyclic GMP 63-93 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 20-23 1697547-5 1990 Because cyclic guanosine monophosphate is thought to be a second messenger for atrial natriuretic factor, short-circuit current was also determined before and after exposure to 8-Br-cyclic guanosine monophosphate. Cyclic GMP 8-38 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 79-104 2167232-3 1990 We have used a bovine cDNA for the alpha-subunit of cGMP-PDE to map its gene Pdea to mouse chromosome 18 at a distance of 21 centimorgans (cM) from the Mbp locus. Cyclic GMP 52-56 phosphodiesterase 6A, cGMP-specific, rod, alpha Mus musculus 77-81 2148080-8 1990 In control groups, urinary cGMP excretion, the biological marker of ANP, increased twofold in parallel with the natriuretic response. Cyclic GMP 27-31 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 68-71 1972577-3 1990 The responsiveness of particulate guanylate cyclase and formation of cGMP in ANF target organs suggested an augmented baseline activity of the cGMP system but its relative hyporesponsiveness to exogenous ANF following prolonged salt loading. Cyclic GMP 69-73 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 77-80 1972577-3 1990 The responsiveness of particulate guanylate cyclase and formation of cGMP in ANF target organs suggested an augmented baseline activity of the cGMP system but its relative hyporesponsiveness to exogenous ANF following prolonged salt loading. Cyclic GMP 143-147 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 77-80 2169788-5 1990 On the other hand, in spite of lower number of 125I-ANP binding sites in the choroid plexus, cyclic GMP response to ANP in these rats was similar to that of age-matched control Lewis rats. Cyclic GMP 93-103 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 116-119 2162040-8 1990 Finally, NMA inhibited endothelium-dependent relaxant responses and cyclic GMP formation stimulated by acetylcholine and bradykinin. Cyclic GMP 68-78 kininogen 1 Bos taurus 121-131 2159215-6 1990 ANF-(1-28) markedly increased guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) from 1.3 +/- 0.3 to 106 +/- 22 pmol cGMP/10(6) cells [50% effective dosage (ED50) = 1.2 nM]. Cyclic GMP 30-66 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-3 2159215-6 1990 ANF-(1-28) markedly increased guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) from 1.3 +/- 0.3 to 106 +/- 22 pmol cGMP/10(6) cells [50% effective dosage (ED50) = 1.2 nM]. Cyclic GMP 68-72 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-3 2156106-2 1990 We also measured plasma levels of guanosine 3":5"-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic GMP) as SIN 1, the bioactive metabolite of molsidomine, becomes effective via activation of soluble guanylate cyclase. Cyclic GMP 34-70 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 79-82 34926687-10 2021 The target genes of AC079385.3, miR-3174, and miR-605 were obtained and clustered mainly on MAPK and cGMP-PKG signaling pathways. Cyclic GMP 101-105 microRNA 3174 Homo sapiens 32-40 34926687-10 2021 The target genes of AC079385.3, miR-3174, and miR-605 were obtained and clustered mainly on MAPK and cGMP-PKG signaling pathways. Cyclic GMP 101-105 microRNA 605 Homo sapiens 46-53 34870770-3 2021 Due to low concentration of cG (cyclic GMP) the channels in the outer segment open relatively less and thus the influx of calcium ion decreases, leading finally to hyperpolarization of the photoreceptors. Cyclic GMP 28-30 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 39-42 34571396-8 2021 These results indicate that, through GPER, E2 upregulates the mRNA levels of EGF-like factors in goat cumulus cells and activates the downstream EGF signaling network to suppress the expression of NPR2 protein, which results in a decrease in cGMP synthesis and acceleration of meiotic resumption in goat oocytes. Cyclic GMP 242-246 G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 Homo sapiens 37-41 34298001-4 2021 At the cellular level, modulation of SAN activity occurs through intracellular signaling pathways involving cyclic nucleotides: cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cyclic GMP (cGMP). Cyclic GMP 162-166 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 157-160 34777026-6 2021 GM-109 (MLNR antagonist) significantly inhibited motilin-induced LGA relaxation and the production of NO and cGMP. Cyclic GMP 109-113 motilin receptor Canis lupus familiaris 8-12 34777026-6 2021 GM-109 (MLNR antagonist) significantly inhibited motilin-induced LGA relaxation and the production of NO and cGMP. Cyclic GMP 109-113 motilin Canis lupus familiaris 49-56 34777026-10 2021 N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor) and ODQ (soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) inhibitor) completely abolished vasodilation and synthesis of NO and cGMP. Cyclic GMP 189-193 nitric oxide synthase 3 Canis lupus familiaris 41-62 34614147-11 2022 The dysfunction in cGMP-PKG signaling, in particular, the decreased p S668-MYPT1 was mechanistically involved. Cyclic GMP 19-23 protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 12A Rattus norvegicus 75-80 34786662-9 2021 Collectively, it is proved that CNP promoted adipogenic differentiation of goat ADSCs depending on the cGMP/PKG/p38 MAPK signal pathway. Cyclic GMP 103-107 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 32-35 34155691-1 2021 Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis and inactivation of the cyclic nucleotides cyclic adenosine monophosphate and cyclic guanosine monophosphate, which act as intracellular second messengers for many signal transduction pathways in the central nervous system. Cyclic GMP 152-182 phosphodiesterase 3B Homo sapiens 0-35 34631931-2 2021 The generation of clinical-grade CAR T cells requires strict adherence to current good manufacturing practice (cGMP) standards. Cyclic GMP 111-115 nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 3 Homo sapiens 33-36 34157861-15 2021 Mechanistically, cultured PAVSMCs from obese rats, humans with diabetes or treated with PGI, showed increased mitochondrial-ROS, which enhanced miR-193b-dependent RNA-degradation of NFYA, resulting in decreased sGCbeta1-cGMP signaling. Cyclic GMP 220-224 nuclear transcription factor Y subunit alpha Homo sapiens 182-186 34514029-0 2021 Depletion of high-content CD14+ cells from apheresis products is critical for successful transduction and expansion of CAR T cells during large-scale cGMP manufacturing. Cyclic GMP 150-154 nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 3 Homo sapiens 119-122 34268307-8 2021 Our data indicated that ANP could support and attract neurite outgrowth of SGNs and possess a high capacity to improve neuronal survival of SGNs against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity by triggering the NPR-A/cGMP/PKG pathway. Cyclic GMP 210-214 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 24-27 34268307-9 2021 The neuroregenerative and neuroprotective effects of ANP/NPRA/cGMP/PKG-dependent signaling on SGNs would represent an attractive therapeutic candidate for hearing impairment. Cyclic GMP 62-66 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 53-56 34154685-2 2022 Although the mechanism is not fully elucidated, it was reported that the effect of CNP supplementation was mediated by increased cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Cyclic GMP 129-159 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 83-86 34154685-2 2022 Although the mechanism is not fully elucidated, it was reported that the effect of CNP supplementation was mediated by increased cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Cyclic GMP 161-165 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 83-86 34124077-3 2021 In mouse ovaries, IMPDH is reported to be crucial for the maintenance of oocyte-follicle developmental synchrony by providing GTP substrate for granulosa cell natriuretic peptide C/natriuretic peptide receptor 2 (NPPC/NPR2) system to produce cGMP for sustaining oocyte meiotic arrest. Cyclic GMP 242-246 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 213-217 35490726-0 2022 A novel phosphodiesterase 9A inhibitor LW33 protects against ischemic stroke through the cGMP/PKG/CREB pathway. Cyclic GMP 89-93 cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 98-102 35490726-3 2022 Phosphodiesterase 9A (PDE9A) is an intracellular cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) hydrolase considered to be a promising therapeutic target for brain diseases. Cyclic GMP 49-79 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 0-20 35490726-3 2022 Phosphodiesterase 9A (PDE9A) is an intracellular cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) hydrolase considered to be a promising therapeutic target for brain diseases. Cyclic GMP 49-79 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 22-27 35490726-3 2022 Phosphodiesterase 9A (PDE9A) is an intracellular cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) hydrolase considered to be a promising therapeutic target for brain diseases. Cyclic GMP 81-85 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 0-20 35490726-3 2022 Phosphodiesterase 9A (PDE9A) is an intracellular cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) hydrolase considered to be a promising therapeutic target for brain diseases. Cyclic GMP 81-85 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 22-27 35490726-11 2022 CONCLUSION: LW33 inhibited cell apoptosis and promoted neuronal repair to alleviate OGD/R and MCAO induced pathological alterations via the cGMP/PKG/CREB pathway, indicating that LW33 may be a promising therapeutic target for ischemic stroke. Cyclic GMP 140-144 cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 149-153 35352895-0 2022 Oxidative Damage Induces a Vacancy G-Quadruplex That Binds Guanine Metabolites: Solution Structure of a cGMP Fill-in Vacancy G-Quadruplex in the Oxidized BLM Gene Promoter. Cyclic GMP 104-108 BLM RecQ like helicase Homo sapiens 154-157 35352895-6 2022 We determined the NMR solution structure of the cGMP-fill-in oxidized BLM promoter vG4. Cyclic GMP 48-52 BLM RecQ like helicase Homo sapiens 70-73 35416804-0 2022 Sodium ferulate inhibits rat cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by Ang II through enhancement of eNOS/NO/cGMP signaling pathway. Cyclic GMP 104-108 nitric oxide synthase 3 Rattus norvegicus 96-100 35190308-7 2022 We further found that bile acid mixture (BA mix) could inhibit hOAT2-mediated uptake of cGMP, 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan and paclitaxel. Cyclic GMP 88-92 solute carrier family 22 member 7 Homo sapiens 63-68 35041746-3 2022 However, CNP/GC-B signaling dynamics in different stages of endochondral bone formation have not been fully clarified, especially in terms of the interaction between the cGMP and cAMP pathways. Cyclic GMP 170-174 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 9-12 35041746-6 2022 Dual-FRET imaging revealed that CNP increased intracellular cGMP levels and PKA activities in chondrocytes. Cyclic GMP 60-64 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 32-35 35041746-10 2022 In summary, we revealed that CNP-induced cGMP elevation activated the cAMP/PKA pathway, and clarified that this PKA activation contributed to the bone growth-promoting effect of the CNP in hypertrophic chondrocytes. Cyclic GMP 41-45 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 29-32 35041746-10 2022 In summary, we revealed that CNP-induced cGMP elevation activated the cAMP/PKA pathway, and clarified that this PKA activation contributed to the bone growth-promoting effect of the CNP in hypertrophic chondrocytes. Cyclic GMP 41-45 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 182-185 35216259-2 2022 Amongst these, signaling through beta-adrenergic and serotonin receptors generates the second messenger cyclic AMP (cAMP), whereas activation of natriuretic peptide receptors and soluble guanylyl cyclases generates cyclic GMP (cGMP). Cyclic GMP 227-231 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 222-225 35076190-2 2022 NHE3 and DRA are highly regulated by changes in second messengers, cAMP, cGMP and Ca2+. Cyclic GMP 73-77 solute carrier family 9 member A3 Homo sapiens 0-4 34997202-0 2022 Development of a cGMP-compliant process to manufacture donor-derived, CD45RA-depleted memory CD19-CAR T cells. Cyclic GMP 17-21 protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C Homo sapiens 70-74 34997202-0 2022 Development of a cGMP-compliant process to manufacture donor-derived, CD45RA-depleted memory CD19-CAR T cells. Cyclic GMP 17-21 nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 3 Homo sapiens 98-101 35100604-13 2022 CONCLUSION: These results indicate that T-type VGCC alpha1 subunits, Cav3.1 and Cav3.3, exist at the cilia of the nasal epithelial cells and participate in the regulation of ciliary beating and that these channels act downstream of cAMP/cGMP. Cyclic GMP 237-241 calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 I Homo sapiens 80-86 2556043-5 1989 Since guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) is reportedly part of the second messenger system of ANF, the effects of dibutyryl-cGMP (DBcGMP) on fluid absorption were studied. Cyclic GMP 44-48 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 103-106 2556043-6 1989 This membrane-permeant form of cGMP mimicked the effects of ANF, reducing fluid absorption from 1.15 +/- 0.18 to 0.54 +/- 0.08 nl.mm-1.min-1. Cyclic GMP 31-35 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 60-63 2556043-7 1989 These studies suggested the following: 1) ANF can regulate fluid absorption in the proximal nephron; 2) this inhibition occurs only in the presence of angiotensin; and 3) cGMP is part of the second messenger system of ANF in the rat proximal straight tubule, as it is in other tissues. Cyclic GMP 171-175 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 42-45 2556043-7 1989 These studies suggested the following: 1) ANF can regulate fluid absorption in the proximal nephron; 2) this inhibition occurs only in the presence of angiotensin; and 3) cGMP is part of the second messenger system of ANF in the rat proximal straight tubule, as it is in other tissues. Cyclic GMP 171-175 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 218-221 2551655-3 1989 ANF increased cGMP levels, and this was not affected by PTH. Cyclic GMP 14-18 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-3 2556655-3 1989 Ethanol inhibited the accumulation of cyclic GMP in response to both glutamate and atrial natriuretic factor. Cyclic GMP 38-48 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 83-108 2553010-0 1989 Competitive peptide antagonists of ANF-induced cyclic guanosine monophosphate production. Cyclic GMP 47-77 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 35-38 2554923-0 1989 Neurotensin(8-13): comparison of novel analogs for stimulation of cyclic GMP formation in neuroblastoma clone N1E-115 and receptor binding to human brain and intact N1E-115 cells. Cyclic GMP 66-76 neurotensin Mus musculus 0-11 12106130-1 1989 Using an in vitro incubation method, we stimulated cGMP production in rat brain slices by rat ANF-(103 - 126). Cyclic GMP 51-55 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 94-97 12106130-2 1989 The localization of the cells responding to this ANF stimulation with an increase in cGMP production was studied by cGMP immunocytochemistry. Cyclic GMP 85-89 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 49-52 12106130-2 1989 The localization of the cells responding to this ANF stimulation with an increase in cGMP production was studied by cGMP immunocytochemistry. Cyclic GMP 116-120 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 49-52 12106130-11 1989 Fibres producing cGMP immunoreactivity in response to ANF were found in the median preoptic nucleus, the medial preoptic area, and the dorsal hypothalamus. Cyclic GMP 17-21 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 54-57 2551548-0 1989 Effects of atrial natriuretic factor on cyclic GMP content in the rat aortic smooth muscle: studies on the role of membrane Na+,K+-ATPase. Cyclic GMP 40-50 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 11-36 2551548-2 1989 These studies were conducted to determine whether preservation of the functional integrity of the membrane, Na+,K+-stimulated ATPase is essential for the atrial natriuretic factor (r-ANF-8-33) to enhance guanosine 3",5"-monophosphate (cGMP) content in the rat aortic smooth muscle. Cyclic GMP 204-233 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 154-179 2551548-2 1989 These studies were conducted to determine whether preservation of the functional integrity of the membrane, Na+,K+-stimulated ATPase is essential for the atrial natriuretic factor (r-ANF-8-33) to enhance guanosine 3",5"-monophosphate (cGMP) content in the rat aortic smooth muscle. Cyclic GMP 204-233 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 183-186 2551548-5 1989 ANF (0.1 mumol/L in Krebs-Henseleit media) produced significant elevation in cGMP levels in the aortic smooth muscle when compared with that incubated in the control media, whereas suppression of Na+-pump with ouabain (1.0 mmol/L) and/or K+-free media did not produce any significant changes in the basal cGMP level; these two experimental manoeuvres did not prevent enhancement of cGMP by ANF. Cyclic GMP 77-81 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-3 2551548-5 1989 ANF (0.1 mumol/L in Krebs-Henseleit media) produced significant elevation in cGMP levels in the aortic smooth muscle when compared with that incubated in the control media, whereas suppression of Na+-pump with ouabain (1.0 mmol/L) and/or K+-free media did not produce any significant changes in the basal cGMP level; these two experimental manoeuvres did not prevent enhancement of cGMP by ANF. Cyclic GMP 305-309 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-3 2551548-5 1989 ANF (0.1 mumol/L in Krebs-Henseleit media) produced significant elevation in cGMP levels in the aortic smooth muscle when compared with that incubated in the control media, whereas suppression of Na+-pump with ouabain (1.0 mmol/L) and/or K+-free media did not produce any significant changes in the basal cGMP level; these two experimental manoeuvres did not prevent enhancement of cGMP by ANF. Cyclic GMP 305-309 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-3 2544529-4 1989 During the first hour after 3, 10, and 30 nmol/kg atrial natriuretic factor, urinary excretion of cyclic 3"5" guanosine monophosphate was significantly increased by 9.2 +/- 3.4, 13.0 +/- 2.2, and 12.7 +/- 4.2 nmol/kg/hr, respectively, in vehicle-treated rats and by 26.9 +/- 7.9, 52.1 +/- 11.1, and 46.4 +/- 12.2 nmol/kg/hr, respectively, in rats given 100 mumol/kg SQ 29,072. Cyclic GMP 98-133 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 50-75 2544529-7 1989 In summary, the neutral endopeptidase inhibitor SQ 29,072 increased the magnitudes and especially the durations of the depressor, natriuretic, and cyclic guanosine monophosphate responses to exogenous atrial natriuretic factor-(99-126) in conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats, presumably by inhibition of degradation of atrial natriuretic factor in vivo. Cyclic GMP 147-177 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 201-226 2544622-7 1989 Elevated plasma cGMP levels of both SHR-SP and DOCA-salt rats were significantly reduced by the administration of MAb[KY-ANP-II]. Cyclic GMP 16-20 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 121-124 2567705-4 1989 ANF stimulation of cGMP accumulation was specific, in that high concentrations (10(-6)M) of atriopeptin I [rat ANF-(103-123)], angiotensin II, arginine vasopressin, and amiloride (10(-4)M) did not increase basal cGMP. Cyclic GMP 19-23 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-3 2567705-4 1989 ANF stimulation of cGMP accumulation was specific, in that high concentrations (10(-6)M) of atriopeptin I [rat ANF-(103-123)], angiotensin II, arginine vasopressin, and amiloride (10(-4)M) did not increase basal cGMP. Cyclic GMP 212-216 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-3 2542756-5 1989 The activation of the ANF-R1 receptor leads to an accumulation of cyclic GMP that is only partially inhibited by methylene blue. Cyclic GMP 66-76 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 22-25 2542756-8 1989 However, supraphysiological concentrations of ANF induce a nonsaturable accumulation of cyclic GMP with an apparent ED50 in the high micromolar range. Cyclic GMP 88-98 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 46-49 2571140-3 1989 In contrast, amiloride enhanced ANF-stimulated cGMP accumulation only at 37 degrees C in whole glomeruli, but not at 4 degrees C in whole glomeruli or at 37 degrees C in membrane preparations. Cyclic GMP 47-51 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 32-35 2571140-4 1989 These data suggest that under physiological conditions amiloride augments ANF-stimulated intracellular cGMP accumulation. Cyclic GMP 103-107 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 74-77 2571140-6 1989 This is the first report of an amiloride augmentation of ANF-stimulated cGMP accumulation in renal tissue. Cyclic GMP 72-76 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 57-60 2537155-5 1989 Melittin (10 micrograms/ml)-induced relaxations were associated with transiently elevated levels of cyclic GMP with a peak increase of 30-fold, which occurred 30 seconds after melittin exposure. Cyclic GMP 100-110 melittin Apis mellifera 0-8 2537155-5 1989 Melittin (10 micrograms/ml)-induced relaxations were associated with transiently elevated levels of cyclic GMP with a peak increase of 30-fold, which occurred 30 seconds after melittin exposure. Cyclic GMP 100-110 melittin Apis mellifera 176-184 2537155-7 1989 A lower concentration of melittin (1 microgram/ml) elevated cyclic GMP levels approximately twofold, while exposure to 1 microgram/ml melittin in the presence of the cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor, M&B 22948 (1 mM), increased cyclic GMP levels fivefold. Cyclic GMP 60-70 melittin Apis mellifera 25-33 2537155-7 1989 A lower concentration of melittin (1 microgram/ml) elevated cyclic GMP levels approximately twofold, while exposure to 1 microgram/ml melittin in the presence of the cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor, M&B 22948 (1 mM), increased cyclic GMP levels fivefold. Cyclic GMP 166-176 melittin Apis mellifera 134-142 2537155-8 1989 Removal of the endothelium prevented the increased levels of cyclic GMP and cyclic AMP due to melittin. Cyclic GMP 61-71 melittin Apis mellifera 94-102 2542042-8 1989 Furthermore, both ANP and BNP elevated the levels of cGMP, a putative second messenger for ANP, in these cells. Cyclic GMP 53-57 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 18-21 2542042-8 1989 Furthermore, both ANP and BNP elevated the levels of cGMP, a putative second messenger for ANP, in these cells. Cyclic GMP 53-57 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 91-94 2849318-6 1988 In clearance studies in awake rats, urinary cGMP was primarily of renal cellular origin and correlated with the natriuresis induced by ANF in a time-dependent and concentration-dependent fashion. Cyclic GMP 44-48 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 135-138 2849318-7 1988 Urinary cGMP excretion may be useful as a biological marker for the renal activity of ANF in vivo. Cyclic GMP 8-12 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 86-89 2847533-0 1988 Blunted cGMP response to ANF in vascular smooth muscle cells of SHR. Cyclic GMP 8-12 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 25-28 2847533-1 1988 Abnormalities in the coupling of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) receptors with the guanosine 5"-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) system in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) may play a role in the pathophysiology of hypertension in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). Cyclic GMP 119-123 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 33-58 2847533-1 1988 Abnormalities in the coupling of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) receptors with the guanosine 5"-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) system in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) may play a role in the pathophysiology of hypertension in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). Cyclic GMP 119-123 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 60-63 2847533-6 1988 Despite their higher Bmax, VSMCs of the SHR showed a substantially lower maximal stimulation of cGMP accumulation in response to ANF: 987 +/- 29.3, 1,992 +/- 574.2, and 2,019 +/- 273.8 fmol.4 min-1.10(6) cells-1 for SHR, WKY, and Wis, respectively (P less than 0.01 for SHR vs. Wis and P less than 0.02 for SHR vs. WKY). Cyclic GMP 96-100 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 129-132 2847533-8 1988 Such findings demonstrate a dissociation of the cGMP response to ANF from the binding of the hormone to its receptors in VSMCs of the SHR compared with controls. Cyclic GMP 48-52 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 65-68 2903736-4 1988 These results suggest that protein kinase C negatively regulates the alpha 2-receptor coupled cyclic GMP system in these cells, a feature apparently shared with the other cyclic GMP-coupled receptors such as those of muscarine, histamine, and atrial natriuretic factor. Cyclic GMP 94-104 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 243-268 2972215-10 1988 Guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) has been proposed as the second messenger for ANF. Cyclic GMP 0-36 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 90-93 2972215-10 1988 Guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) has been proposed as the second messenger for ANF. Cyclic GMP 38-42 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 90-93 2972215-11 1988 ANF (10(-7) M) stimulated cGMP production significantly (0.54 +/- 0.12 vs. 22.30 +/- 5.91 pmol.mg prot-1.10 min-1, P less than 0.01), but it had no effect on cGMP at concentrations of 10(-8) M and below. Cyclic GMP 26-30 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-3 2843514-3 1988 Binding of 125I-labeled ANF and cyclic GMP production induced by ANF were measured. Cyclic GMP 32-42 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 65-68 2843514-7 1988 Ang-II pretreatment did not desensitize but increased cyclic GMP production elicited by ANF, implying that only the number of non-guanylate cyclase-coupled receptors was affected. Cyclic GMP 54-64 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 88-91 2841088-7 1988 The urinary cGMP level after anti-ANF serum treatment fell from 25.0 +/- 7.56 to 7.1 +/- 3.5 pmol/min (P less than 0.05). Cyclic GMP 12-16 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 34-37 2843190-0 1988 Binding and effect of atrial natriuretic factor on cyclic GMP formation and alpha-MSH secretion of intermediate pituitary cells. Cyclic GMP 51-61 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 22-47 2843190-4 1988 Activation of these receptors led to an increase in cellular content of cGMP, with half-maximal effect being elicited with about 5 nM ANF, while cAMP formation was unaltered. Cyclic GMP 72-76 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 134-137 2840222-11 1988 Cyclic GMP (cGMP) in LA was correlated (p less than 0.01) with PA ANF in group 1, and LA cGMP (10.0 +/- 1.2 and 9.1 +/- 1.8 pmol/ml in groups 1 and 2, respectively) was higher (p less than 0.05) than PA cGMP (9.1 +/- 1.0 and 8.0 +/- 1.5 pmol/ml in groups 1 and 2, respectively) before valvulotomy, which suggests the presence of ANF receptors in the pulmonary circulation. Cyclic GMP 12-16 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 7-10 2896603-7 1988 These results suggest that activation of the cGMP pathway constitutes a common mechanism of action for both BNF and ANF. Cyclic GMP 45-49 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 116-119 2894298-9 1988 The addition of ANP together with either AVP or OT produced an additive increase in cGMP content. Cyclic GMP 84-88 oxytocin/neurophysin I prepropeptide Sus scrofa 48-50 2894298-11 1988 These results suggest that the AVP- and OT-induced increase in cGMP is mediated by OT receptors, whereas the increase in cAMP is probably mediated by vasopressin receptors. Cyclic GMP 63-67 oxytocin/neurophysin I prepropeptide Sus scrofa 40-42 2894298-11 1988 These results suggest that the AVP- and OT-induced increase in cGMP is mediated by OT receptors, whereas the increase in cAMP is probably mediated by vasopressin receptors. Cyclic GMP 63-67 oxytocin/neurophysin I prepropeptide Sus scrofa 83-85 2894298-13 1988 The relatively selective inhibitor of soluble guanylate cyclase, methylene blue, had no effect on the ANP-induced increase in cGMP content in intact cells, but produced a 50% inhibition of the increase in cGMP by AVP and OT. Cyclic GMP 205-209 oxytocin/neurophysin I prepropeptide Sus scrofa 221-223 2894298-15 1988 These results demonstrate that ANP, AVP, and OT increase cGMP in LLC-PK1 kidney epithelial cells. Cyclic GMP 57-61 oxytocin/neurophysin I prepropeptide Sus scrofa 45-47 2894298-16 1988 The increase in cGMP by ANP is mediated by particulate guanylate cyclase, whereas AVP and OT probably increase cGMP by interacting with OT receptors coupled to soluble guanylate cyclase. Cyclic GMP 111-115 oxytocin/neurophysin I prepropeptide Sus scrofa 90-92 2826774-1 1988 Cholecystokinin (CCK)-8S was found both to decrease basal and to antagonize harmaline-dependent increases in cerebellar cyclic GMP (cGMP) in the mouse. Cyclic GMP 120-130 cholecystokinin Mus musculus 17-20 2826774-1 1988 Cholecystokinin (CCK)-8S was found both to decrease basal and to antagonize harmaline-dependent increases in cerebellar cyclic GMP (cGMP) in the mouse. Cyclic GMP 132-136 cholecystokinin Mus musculus 17-20 2887481-11 1987 These data suggest (a) neurotensin stimulated colonic contractions at a concentration that is potentially physiologic, (b) neurotensin stimulated colonic smooth muscle directly without neural mediation, (c) neurotensin stimulation of colonic muscle is controlled by [Ca2+]o and [cGMP]i. Cyclic GMP 279-283 neurotensin/neuromedin N Oryctolagus cuniculus 123-134 2887481-11 1987 These data suggest (a) neurotensin stimulated colonic contractions at a concentration that is potentially physiologic, (b) neurotensin stimulated colonic smooth muscle directly without neural mediation, (c) neurotensin stimulation of colonic muscle is controlled by [Ca2+]o and [cGMP]i. Cyclic GMP 279-283 neurotensin/neuromedin N Oryctolagus cuniculus 123-134 3040808-5 1987 Concomitantly, infusions of alpha hANP caused a dose-dependent increase in ipsilateral limb venous plasma cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cyclic GMP). Cyclic GMP 106-136 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 145-148 2823190-1 1987 We studied the effect of synthetic rat alpha-atrial natriuretic polypeptide (1-28) (ANF-(99-126)) and related atrial natriuretic polypeptides on the accumulation of cyclic GMP (cGMP) in isolated rat choroid plexus in vitro, the objective being to determine whether ANF-(99-126) binding sites are physiologically active receptors. Cyclic GMP 165-175 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 84-87 3036700-4 1987 There was a concentration-dependent effect of ANF on renal papillary collecting tubule cell synthesis of intracellular cyclic guanosine 3",5"-monophosphate (cGMP) in both strains. Cyclic GMP 119-155 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 46-49 3036700-4 1987 There was a concentration-dependent effect of ANF on renal papillary collecting tubule cell synthesis of intracellular cyclic guanosine 3",5"-monophosphate (cGMP) in both strains. Cyclic GMP 157-161 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 46-49 3036700-8 1987 Also, ANF equally enhanced intracellular cGMP in glomerular mesangial cells from S and R rats, indicating possible specificity of the reduced responsiveness to ANF to the distal nephron of S rats. Cyclic GMP 41-45 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 6-9 2822009-0 1987 An activator of protein kinase C (phorbol dibutyrate) attenuates atrial-natriuretic-factor-stimulated cyclic GMP accumulation in smooth-muscle cells. Cyclic GMP 102-112 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 65-90 2822009-3 1987 ANF stimulates cGMP (cyclic GMP) accumulation in a time- and dose-dependent fashion. Cyclic GMP 15-19 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-3 2822009-3 1987 ANF stimulates cGMP (cyclic GMP) accumulation in a time- and dose-dependent fashion. Cyclic GMP 21-31 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-3 2822009-4 1987 Pretreatment of these cells with phorbol dibutyrate (PDBu), a known activator of protein kinase C, attenuated ANF-stimulated cGMP accumulation without affecting basal cGMP concentrations. Cyclic GMP 125-129 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 110-113 2822009-8 1987 These data suggest that PDBu, presumably via activation of protein kinase C, might stimulate phosphorylation of a key regulatory protein in the ANF/cGMP pathway. Cyclic GMP 148-152 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 144-147 3027127-1 1987 Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) (1 microM) markedly increased cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) content in microdissected glomeruli (35-fold) and in microdissected inner medullary collecting ducts (IMCD) (20-fold). Cyclic GMP 62-92 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-25 3027127-1 1987 Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) (1 microM) markedly increased cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) content in microdissected glomeruli (35-fold) and in microdissected inner medullary collecting ducts (IMCD) (20-fold). Cyclic GMP 62-92 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 27-30 3027127-1 1987 Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) (1 microM) markedly increased cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) content in microdissected glomeruli (35-fold) and in microdissected inner medullary collecting ducts (IMCD) (20-fold). Cyclic GMP 94-98 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-25 3027127-1 1987 Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) (1 microM) markedly increased cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) content in microdissected glomeruli (35-fold) and in microdissected inner medullary collecting ducts (IMCD) (20-fold). Cyclic GMP 94-98 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 27-30 3027127-3 1987 The threshold concentration for increased cGMP accumulation by ANF was 0.1-1 nM in IMCD, which is in the range reported for rat plasma. Cyclic GMP 42-46 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 63-66 3027127-6 1987 These data are compatible with the hypothesis that cGMP is a second messenger for a physiologic action of ANF in the inner medullary collecting duct. Cyclic GMP 51-55 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 106-109 3027574-5 1987 This conductance resembles the cyclic GMP-gated conductance that mediates phototransduction in rod and cone outer segments, but differs in that it is activated by both cAMP and cGMP. Cyclic GMP 177-181 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 38-41 2829595-6 1987 Blood vessels from HT rats generated significantly less cGMP in response to Ach, SNP, and ANF. Cyclic GMP 56-60 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 90-93 3023026-3 1987 However, ANF markedly stimulated cGMP production in both mixed anterior pituitary cells and enriched anterior pituitary cell populations fractionated by centrifugal elutriation. Cyclic GMP 33-37 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 9-12 3023026-6 1987 Immunoprecipitation of ANF with a specific antiserum abolished the effect of ANF on cGMP production, but did not change the effect of ANF on LH release. Cyclic GMP 84-88 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 23-26 3023026-6 1987 Immunoprecipitation of ANF with a specific antiserum abolished the effect of ANF on cGMP production, but did not change the effect of ANF on LH release. Cyclic GMP 84-88 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 77-80 3023026-6 1987 Immunoprecipitation of ANF with a specific antiserum abolished the effect of ANF on cGMP production, but did not change the effect of ANF on LH release. Cyclic GMP 84-88 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 77-80 3023026-7 1987 In conclusion, ANF did not affect anterior pituitary hormone secretion or cAMP production, but stimulated cGMP formation. Cyclic GMP 106-110 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 15-18 3470193-2 1987 Since the cGMP level in normal retinal rods is regulated by a light-activated enzyme cascade involving rhodopsin, transducin, and phosphodiesterase, an abnormality associated with any of these three proteins would cause cGMP accumulation. Cyclic GMP 10-14 guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha transducing 1 Mus musculus 114-124 3470193-2 1987 Since the cGMP level in normal retinal rods is regulated by a light-activated enzyme cascade involving rhodopsin, transducin, and phosphodiesterase, an abnormality associated with any of these three proteins would cause cGMP accumulation. Cyclic GMP 220-224 guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha transducing 1 Mus musculus 114-124 3121456-7 1987 Furthermore dBt cGMP, a non-peptide antagonist for CCK receptors, does not compete for gastrin binding. Cyclic GMP 16-20 cholecystokinin Rattus norvegicus 51-54 2430959-0 1986 Role of cyclic GMP in atrial natriuretic factor stimulation of Na+,K+,Cl- cotransport in vascular smooth muscle cells. Cyclic GMP 8-18 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 22-47 2430959-1 1986 Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) has been shown to bind to specific receptors on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and to cause an increase in intracellular cyclic GMP (cGMP) content. Cyclic GMP 158-168 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-25 2430959-1 1986 Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) has been shown to bind to specific receptors on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and to cause an increase in intracellular cyclic GMP (cGMP) content. Cyclic GMP 158-168 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 27-30 2430959-1 1986 Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) has been shown to bind to specific receptors on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and to cause an increase in intracellular cyclic GMP (cGMP) content. Cyclic GMP 170-174 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-25 2430959-1 1986 Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) has been shown to bind to specific receptors on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and to cause an increase in intracellular cyclic GMP (cGMP) content. Cyclic GMP 170-174 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 27-30 2430959-3 1986 We have also shown that the ANF peptide, rat atriopeptin III, stimulates Na+,K+,Cl- cotransport and elevates intracellular cGMP levels in VSMC. Cyclic GMP 123-127 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 28-31 2430959-4 1986 In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that ANF stimulation of Na+,K+,Cl- cotransport occurs via an increase in cGMP levels. Cyclic GMP 120-124 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 52-55 2430959-10 1986 Since inhibition of cGMP formation blocks ANF-stimulated Na+,K+,Cl- cotransport and inhibition of cGMP breakdown enhances Na+, K+, Cl- cotransport, we conclude that ANF stimulation of Na+,K+,Cl- cotransport in VSMC is mediated via increase in intracellular cGMP levels. Cyclic GMP 20-24 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 42-45 3643024-5 1986 The action of elastin peptides on intracellular calcium level and cGMP levels may well be related to its previously demonstrated chemotactic activity. Cyclic GMP 66-70 elastin Homo sapiens 14-21 3026565-7 1986 This low dosage of APH, which alone had no effect on the cerebellar cGMP content, completely blocked the swim-induced elevation of this parameter. Cyclic GMP 68-72 acylaminoacyl-peptide hydrolase Rattus norvegicus 19-22 3021818-1 1986 Stimuli of prostacyclin (PGI2) biosynthesis such as thrombin, bradykinin, histamine, and A23187 increase guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic GMP) levels in primary monolayer cultures of human umbilical vein endothelium by about twofold. Cyclic GMP 105-141 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 150-153 2430290-0 1986 Vasopressin-mediated inhibition of atrial natriuretic factor-stimulated cGMP accumulation in an established smooth muscle cell line. Cyclic GMP 72-76 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 35-60 2430290-2 1986 ANF stimulated the accumulation of cGMP in these cells in a time- and dose-dependent fashion. Cyclic GMP 35-39 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-3 2430290-5 1986 Addition of [8-arginine]vasopressin ([Arg8]VP) to these cells inhibited ANF-stimulated cGMP accumulation. Cyclic GMP 87-91 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 72-75 3017853-2 1986 Both ANF and sodium nitroprusside increased intracellular cyclic guanosine 3",5"-monophosphate (cGMP) levels in a dose-dependent manner but did not affect cyclic adenosine 3",5"-monophosphate levels or 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha synthesis. Cyclic GMP 58-94 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 5-8 3017853-2 1986 Both ANF and sodium nitroprusside increased intracellular cyclic guanosine 3",5"-monophosphate (cGMP) levels in a dose-dependent manner but did not affect cyclic adenosine 3",5"-monophosphate levels or 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha synthesis. Cyclic GMP 96-100 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 5-8 3016445-0 1986 Regional increase of cyclic GMP by atrial natriuretic factor in rat brain: markedly elevated response in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Cyclic GMP 21-31 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 35-60 3016445-1 1986 Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)-responsive areas in rat brain were examined by measuring ANF-stimulated cyclic GMP production in rat brain slice preparations. Cyclic GMP 104-114 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-25 3016445-1 1986 Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)-responsive areas in rat brain were examined by measuring ANF-stimulated cyclic GMP production in rat brain slice preparations. Cyclic GMP 104-114 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 27-30 3016445-1 1986 Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)-responsive areas in rat brain were examined by measuring ANF-stimulated cyclic GMP production in rat brain slice preparations. Cyclic GMP 104-114 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 89-92 3014096-5 1986 Data indicated that the inhibition of renin release by ANP was related to the rise in cGMP and not to the fall of cAMP. Cyclic GMP 86-90 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 55-58 3014096-8 1986 Our results suggest that ANP inhibits renin release from juxtaglomerular cells by a mechanism that is mediated by cGMP; the mechanism is not linked to any alteration in intracellular calcium concentration but requires a normal level of calcium. Cyclic GMP 114-118 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 25-28 2863731-3 1985 The in vitro vasodilator profile of synthetic atrial natriuretic factor (sANF) exhibits many similarities to sodium nitroprusside including inhibition of agonist-induced but not high-K+-induced contractions, relaxation independent of the vascular endothelium and elevation of cyclic GMP in aortic smooth muscle coincident with relaxation. Cyclic GMP 276-286 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 46-71 2996058-2 1985 The isoenzymes were competitively inhibited by PGE1, PGE2 and PGF2 alpha more at pH 6.2 than at pH 6.8, whereas cyclic GMP (cGMP) and its 8-bromo derivative had no effect at either pH. Cyclic GMP 124-128 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 119-122 2989934-7 1985 Cyclic GMP (cGMP) and its 8-bromo derivative, however, inhibited only PUI and UI. Cyclic GMP 12-16 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 7-10 2982853-3 1985 Two other cGMP derivatives, 8-bromoguanosine 3":5"-cyclic monophosphate (8-Br-cGMP) and 2"-deoxy-cGMP, were also potent stimulators of elastin synthesis. Cyclic GMP 10-14 elastin Homo sapiens 135-142 2982853-7 1985 When 8-Br-cGMP was added to cells together with Bt2cAMP, cGMP-dependent stimulation of elastin production was abolished by cAMP in a dose-dependent fashion. Cyclic GMP 10-14 elastin Homo sapiens 87-94 2982853-8 1985 These results suggest a coordinated means by which elastin production is controlled in ligament cells, i.e. increased cGMP levels lead to a stimulation of elastin production that is reversed by cAMP. Cyclic GMP 118-122 elastin Homo sapiens 51-58 2982853-8 1985 These results suggest a coordinated means by which elastin production is controlled in ligament cells, i.e. increased cGMP levels lead to a stimulation of elastin production that is reversed by cAMP. Cyclic GMP 118-122 elastin Homo sapiens 155-162 3002674-7 1985 ANF induced an increase in urinary cGMP excretion in all groups but the 1-K, 1-C, and an increase in plasma cGMP in the normotensive sham-operated animals. Cyclic GMP 35-39 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-3 3002674-7 1985 ANF induced an increase in urinary cGMP excretion in all groups but the 1-K, 1-C, and an increase in plasma cGMP in the normotensive sham-operated animals. Cyclic GMP 108-112 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-3 3002674-9 1985 Whether the hypotensive effect of ANF is mediated by cGMP remains to be demonstrated. Cyclic GMP 53-57 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 34-37 6207291-1 1984 Injections of cyclic AMP (cAMP) or cyclic GMP (cGMP) into identifiable gastropod neurones under voltage clamp induced reversible cytoplasmic pH changes which were measured using the indicator dye Arsenazo III and pH micro-electrodes. Cyclic GMP 47-51 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 42-45 6326517-1 1984 The present data are consistent with the following mechanism of activation of the cGMP-stimulated PDE: cGMP is first bound to an allosteric site of the enzyme; this is followed by a conformational change in protein structure, a shift of kinetic behavior, and sequential activation of cAMP PDE hydrolysis (18). Cyclic GMP 82-86 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 98-101 6326517-1 1984 The present data are consistent with the following mechanism of activation of the cGMP-stimulated PDE: cGMP is first bound to an allosteric site of the enzyme; this is followed by a conformational change in protein structure, a shift of kinetic behavior, and sequential activation of cAMP PDE hydrolysis (18). Cyclic GMP 82-86 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 289-292 6326517-1 1984 The present data are consistent with the following mechanism of activation of the cGMP-stimulated PDE: cGMP is first bound to an allosteric site of the enzyme; this is followed by a conformational change in protein structure, a shift of kinetic behavior, and sequential activation of cAMP PDE hydrolysis (18). Cyclic GMP 103-107 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 98-101 6326517-1 1984 The present data are consistent with the following mechanism of activation of the cGMP-stimulated PDE: cGMP is first bound to an allosteric site of the enzyme; this is followed by a conformational change in protein structure, a shift of kinetic behavior, and sequential activation of cAMP PDE hydrolysis (18). Cyclic GMP 103-107 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 289-292 6326517-5 1984 Since the order of potency of a series of competitive inhibitors of two PDE (i.e., the cyclic GMP-sensitive enzyme and a calmodulin-sensitive enzyme), is not parallel, it is suggested that the active sites of these enzymes are distinct. Cyclic GMP 87-97 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 72-75 6326517-9 1984 Complete characterizations of the cGMP-activating site and the xanthine-sensitive catalytic site are required in order to elucidate the exact chemical interactions at both sites on the cGMP-stimulated PDE. Cyclic GMP 34-38 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 201-204 6326517-9 1984 Complete characterizations of the cGMP-activating site and the xanthine-sensitive catalytic site are required in order to elucidate the exact chemical interactions at both sites on the cGMP-stimulated PDE. Cyclic GMP 185-189 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 201-204 6329122-4 1984 This pentapeptide (DAc- Glu3 -TP5) affected the cAMP and cGMP levels positively and decreased the 3H-thymidine incorporation in lymphocyte cultures significantly. Cyclic GMP 57-61 dachshund family transcription factor 1 Mus musculus 19-22 6318184-4 1983 Inhibition of specific [3H]cAMP binding to lung cytosol (to the regulatory subunit of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase) followed the order of potency: cAMP greater than cGMP; adenosine, ADP, and ATP were inactive. Cyclic GMP 170-174 KIT proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase Rattus norvegicus 105-119 6313433-1 1983 Many of the actions of cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cyclic GMP (cGMP) are believed to be mediated via the phosphorylation of specific substrate proteins by cAMP-dependent and cGMP-dependent protein kinases. Cyclic GMP 57-61 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 52-55 6304328-1 1983 Cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cyclic GMP (cGMP) have been implicated as intracellular signals in the transition from a resting to a growing state. Cyclic GMP 34-38 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 29-32 6306410-2 1983 The concentration of cyclic guanosine 3",5"-monophosphate (cyclic GMP) in homogenates of the intestines increased four- to fivefold by 3 min after intragastric administration of 10 units of purified Y. enterocolitica ST. Cyclic GMP 21-57 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 66-69 6275885-3 1981 One peak of protein kinase activity has the characteristics reported for rhodopsin kinase (category one); it phosphorylates only bleached rhodopsin, and its activity is not affected by light, exogenous adenosine cyclic 3",5"--monophosphate (cAMP), guanosine cyclic 3",5"-monophosphate (cGMP), or a protein kinase inhibitor from skeletal muscle. Cyclic GMP 248-284 G protein-coupled receptor kinase 1 Rattus norvegicus 73-89 6275885-3 1981 One peak of protein kinase activity has the characteristics reported for rhodopsin kinase (category one); it phosphorylates only bleached rhodopsin, and its activity is not affected by light, exogenous adenosine cyclic 3",5"--monophosphate (cAMP), guanosine cyclic 3",5"-monophosphate (cGMP), or a protein kinase inhibitor from skeletal muscle. Cyclic GMP 286-290 G protein-coupled receptor kinase 1 Rattus norvegicus 73-89 6118808-7 1981 Thus, although the kinetic and dose-response characteristics of the nitroprusside effect on cGMP suggest a linkage to its previously described effects on cAMP and PTH secretion, no direct evidence was found to indicate a causal relationship between the two. Cyclic GMP 92-96 parathyroid hormone Bos taurus 163-166 6270232-1 1981 The present study shows an increased urinary cyclic guanosine 3".5"-monophosphate (cyclic GMP) excretion rate in children of all age groups bearing malignant tumours or lymphomas. Cyclic GMP 45-81 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 90-93 6265336-3 1981 Synthetic secretin as well as CCK, acetylcholine or Caerulein likewise elevate tissue cAMP and cGMP simultaneously. Cyclic GMP 95-99 cholecystokinin Canis lupus familiaris 30-33 6265336-9 1981 The behaviour of cAMP and cGMP after addition of secretin and CCK or acetylcholine remains widely unchanged during calcium-free perfusion in spite of an extensive excretory inhibition. Cyclic GMP 26-30 cholecystokinin Canis lupus familiaris 62-65 6257679-3 1981 The level of cGMP was found to increase sharply 6 h following the addition of insulin and just prior to the second phase of the increase in glucokinase activity. Cyclic GMP 13-17 glucokinase Homo sapiens 140-151 6256299-4 1980 Cyclic GMP (cGMP), which has been suggested as a mediator for cholinergic mechanisms, shows the exact opposite behavior of that of cAMP. Cyclic GMP 12-16 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 7-10 6254284-1 1980 The present work deals with the time course of pancreatic secretion of cyclic AMP, cyclic GMP, calcium and protein in response to cholecystokinin (CCK) and secretin (S). Cyclic GMP 83-93 cholecystokinin Canis lupus familiaris 130-145 6254284-1 1980 The present work deals with the time course of pancreatic secretion of cyclic AMP, cyclic GMP, calcium and protein in response to cholecystokinin (CCK) and secretin (S). Cyclic GMP 83-93 cholecystokinin Canis lupus familiaris 147-150 6254284-12 1980 The output of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP increased until the end of the CCK infusion. Cyclic GMP 29-39 cholecystokinin Canis lupus familiaris 71-74 6254284-13 1980 When CCK (3 U/kg) was given as an intravenous bolus injection without any background of secretin, cyclic AMP, cyclic GMP and protein outputs peaked within 3 min. Cyclic GMP 110-120 cholecystokinin Canis lupus familiaris 5-8 6254284-15 1980 The results show that not only calcium and protein but also cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP secretion in the pancreatic juice depends on CCK. Cyclic GMP 75-85 cholecystokinin Canis lupus familiaris 131-134 6259371-1 1980 Biochemical studies on the hippocampus of acutely prepared rabbits revealed more than twofold increases in cyclic GMP levels following tetanic potentiation of the pathway from the medial septal region to CA1 pyramidal cells. Cyclic GMP 107-117 carbonic anhydrase 1 Oryctolagus cuniculus 204-207 226250-7 1979 A strong linear correlation was found between the quantities of cyclic AMP, cyclic GMP, and the quantities of protein secreted in response to each CCK dose. Cyclic GMP 76-86 cholecystokinin Canis lupus familiaris 147-150 226250-8 1979 This study demonstrates the presence of cyclic GMP in the canine pancreatic juice and the dose-dependent stimulation of the secretion of cyclic GMP and cyclic AMP by CCK in the presence of secretin. Cyclic GMP 40-50 cholecystokinin Canis lupus familiaris 166-169 226250-8 1979 This study demonstrates the presence of cyclic GMP in the canine pancreatic juice and the dose-dependent stimulation of the secretion of cyclic GMP and cyclic AMP by CCK in the presence of secretin. Cyclic GMP 137-147 cholecystokinin Canis lupus familiaris 166-169 223950-4 1979 Similar changes were observed for guanosine 3":5"-phosphate (cyclic GMP), but percentage increases were higher than for cyclic AMP. Cyclic GMP 34-59 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 68-71 204635-2 1978 Part of the soluble cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity of crude human lung tissue can be attributed to a thermosensitive (37 degrees) enzyme with a high apparent affinity for both adenosine 3":5"-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) and guanosine 3":5"-monophosphate (cyclic GMP). Cyclic GMP 237-266 phosphodiesterase 3B Homo sapiens 20-55 74277-1 1977 Guanosine 3",5"-monophosphate (cyclic GMP, cGMP) was localized in bone cells by the use of an immunoglobulin-enzyme bridge method. Cyclic GMP 0-29 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 38-41 198332-1 1977 In dispersed acinar cells from guinea pig pancreas, cholecystokinin variants (CCK39 and CCK33) or carboxyl-terminal octapeptide of cholecystokinin (CCK-OP) caused significant increases in outflux of 45Ca, cyclic GMP, and release of amylase. Cyclic GMP 205-215 cholecystokinin Cavia porcellus 52-67 198332-1 1977 In dispersed acinar cells from guinea pig pancreas, cholecystokinin variants (CCK39 and CCK33) or carboxyl-terminal octapeptide of cholecystokinin (CCK-OP) caused significant increases in outflux of 45Ca, cyclic GMP, and release of amylase. Cyclic GMP 205-215 cholecystokinin Cavia porcellus 131-146 12170605-9 1976 Polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis of the soluble supernatant of rat neostriatum also generated a characteristic pattern of five separate peaks of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity, each of which hydrolysed both cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP. Cyclic GMP 243-253 phosphodiesterase 3A Rattus norvegicus 152-187 176161-1 1976 Guanosine 3":5"-monophosphate (cyclic GMP)-dependent protein kinase was purified from the guinea pig fetal lung, a tissue shown to be the richest in this enzyme in all mammalian sources examined, and its general properties studied. Cyclic GMP 0-29 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 38-41 17987-5 1976 The Km-value of the protein kinase for ATP is 1.9 +/- 0.4 - 10(-5) M. cAMP stimulates the protein kinase activity more effectively than cGMP. Cyclic GMP 136-140 protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit beta Bos taurus 20-34 17987-5 1976 The Km-value of the protein kinase for ATP is 1.9 +/- 0.4 - 10(-5) M. cAMP stimulates the protein kinase activity more effectively than cGMP. Cyclic GMP 136-140 protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit beta Bos taurus 90-104 17987-10 1976 The Km-value of the enzyme for ATP is 6.6 +/- 0.8 - 10(-5) M. cGMP stimulates the protein kinase of the particulate fraction better than cAMP. Cyclic GMP 62-66 protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit beta Bos taurus 82-96 165210-1 1975 The urinary excretion of adenosine 3",5"-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) and guanosine 3",5"-monophosphate (cyclic GMP) was examined in 98 normal children and 46 children with cystic fibrosis between the ages of 9 months and 18 yr. Diurnal variations in cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP excretion were observed in subjects from either group, and peak levels of cyclic nucleotide excretion were generally observed during the period of 0700 to 2100 h. Excretion rates (mumol/day) of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP increased significantly with age. Cyclic GMP 72-101 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 110-113 4155294-15 1974 These results suggest a possible role for cyclic GMP in the regulation of insulin biosynthesis and secretion. Cyclic GMP 42-52 insulin Cavia porcellus 74-81 4365575-1 1974 Guanosine 3":5"-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic GMP) stimulated the endogenous phosphorylation of two proteins in isolated membrane fractions from mammalian organs rich in smooth muscle, including ductus deferens, uterus, and small intestine. Cyclic GMP 0-36 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 45-48 4333398-1 1972 Purified outer segments of bovine rods exhibit phosphodiesterase activity against adenosine and guanosine cyclic 3",5"-monophosphates (cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP). Cyclic GMP 96-133 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 157-160 33970224-0 2022 CNP regulates cardiac contractility and increases cGMP near both SERCA and TnI - difference from BNP visualized by targeted cGMP biosensors. Cyclic GMP 50-54 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 0-3 33970224-0 2022 CNP regulates cardiac contractility and increases cGMP near both SERCA and TnI - difference from BNP visualized by targeted cGMP biosensors. Cyclic GMP 124-128 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 0-3 33970224-1 2022 AIMS: Guanylyl cyclase-B (GC-B; natriuretic peptide receptor-B, NPR-B) stimulation by C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) increases cGMP and causes a lusitropic and negative inotropic response in adult myocardium. Cyclic GMP 129-133 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 86-112 33970224-1 2022 AIMS: Guanylyl cyclase-B (GC-B; natriuretic peptide receptor-B, NPR-B) stimulation by C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) increases cGMP and causes a lusitropic and negative inotropic response in adult myocardium. Cyclic GMP 129-133 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 114-117 33887188-2 2021 report high-resolution structures of the human cGMP-activated ion channel CNGA1 from rod photoreceptors. Cyclic GMP 47-51 cyclic nucleotide gated channel subunit alpha 1 Homo sapiens 74-79 33888607-8 2021 Strikingly, most PC genes downregulated in SCA7 have also decreased expression in SCA1 and SCA2 mice, revealing converging pathomechanisms and a common disease signature involving cGMP-PKG and phosphatidylinositol signaling pathways and long-term depression. Cyclic GMP 180-184 ataxin 1 Mus musculus 82-86 33860460-10 2021 CONCLUSION: The outcomes of the current study indicate that RFM and TDF lead to memory enhancement through upregulation of cAMP/cGMP/BDNF pathway, thus they may have a therapeutic potential in cognitive deficits associated with AD. Cyclic GMP 128-132 brain-derived neurotrophic factor Rattus norvegicus 133-137 33542225-0 2021 The novel ZEB1-upregulated protein PRTG induced by Helicobacter pylori infection promotes gastric carcinogenesis through the cGMP/PKG signaling pathway. Cyclic GMP 125-129 zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 10-14 33542225-7 2021 Taken together, our findings suggested that H. pylori infection depends on ZEB1 to induce PRTG upregulation, and which leading to the development and progression of gastric cancer through activating cGMP/PKG signaling pathway. Cyclic GMP 199-203 zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 75-79 33483748-10 2022 CONCLUSIONS: Increased TNFalpha levels not only contribute to RA, but also to endothelial dysfunction by increasing vascular oxLDL content and activation of the LOX-1/NFkappaB/Arg2 pathway leading to reduced NO bioavailability and decreased cGMP levels. Cyclic GMP 241-245 arginase 2 Homo sapiens 176-180 32167565-6 2021 Conversely, ANP-DGD induced marked stepwise increases in urinary cGMP, urine volume and sodium excretion in HF comparable to ANP, but without accompanying vasodilatory effects. Cyclic GMP 65-69 natriuretic peptides A Ovis aries 12-15 32800943-8 2020 Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the ligand-receptor interactions might be associated with the intracellular activation of cGMP-PKG signaling pathway in ECs, PDGF-beta signaling pathway in fibroblast-like cell, and Toll-like receptor signaling in macrophage, respectively. Cyclic GMP 135-139 platelet derived growth factor subunit A Homo sapiens 170-179 33263920-5 2021 In a further genetic screen for downstream effectors in olfactory signaling cascades, the Galpha subunit GSA-1, guanylyl cyclase ODR-1 and DAF-11 and the cGMP-gated channel TAX-2/TAX-4 were found to be necessary for indole sensation, whereas the TRPV channels OSM-9/OCR-2 and the PLC pathway activated by GPA-6 are responsible for the detection of 2-ethyl hexanol. Cyclic GMP 154-158 Cyclic nucleotide-binding domain-containing protein Caenorhabditis elegans 173-178 33255239-11 2020 Previous studies show that ADM also stimulates phospholipase C (PLC) pathways including protein kinase C (PKC) and cGMP. Cyclic GMP 115-119 adrenomedullin Rattus norvegicus 27-30 33055420-4 2020 We studied whether C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), via its guanylyl cyclase-B (GC-B) receptor and cGMP/PKGI signalling, modulates titin-based ventricular compliance. Cyclic GMP 100-104 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 19-45 33055420-4 2020 We studied whether C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), via its guanylyl cyclase-B (GC-B) receptor and cGMP/PKGI signalling, modulates titin-based ventricular compliance. Cyclic GMP 100-104 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 47-50 33055420-12 2020 CNP-induced activation of GC-B/cGMP/PKGI signalling in cardiomyocytes provides a protecting regulatory circuit preventing titin-based myocyte stiffening during early phases of pressure-overload. Cyclic GMP 31-35 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 0-3 32817338-1 2020 The retina-specific chaperone AIPL1 is essential for the correct assembly of phosphodiesterase 6 (PDE6), which is a pivotal effector enzyme for phototransduction and vision because it hydrolyzes cGMP. Cyclic GMP 195-199 aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein like 1 Homo sapiens 30-35 32526339-19 2020 The cGMP-PKG signaling pathway was enriched for hyperlipidemia after pharmacology network analysis with ADRB2, NOS3, and LDLR. Cyclic GMP 4-8 nitric oxide synthase 3 Rattus norvegicus 111-115 32282051-12 2020 In proband s skin fibroblasts, basal cGMP levels and CNP-stimulated cGMP production were markedly increased as compared to controls. Cyclic GMP 68-72 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 53-56 32561822-1 2020 Nitric oxide (NO)-cyclic GMP (cGMP) signaling is a vasoprotective pathway therapeutically targeted, for example, in pulmonary hypertension. Cyclic GMP 30-34 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 25-28 32715279-3 2020 cAMP/PKA and cGMP/PKG activate cAMP response element binding protein (CREB). Cyclic GMP 13-17 cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 31-68 32715279-3 2020 cAMP/PKA and cGMP/PKG activate cAMP response element binding protein (CREB). Cyclic GMP 13-17 cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 70-74 32715279-5 2020 cAMP/PKA and cGMP/PKG activate Sirtuin-1, which activates PGC1alpha. Cyclic GMP 13-17 sirtuin 1 Homo sapiens 31-40 32581668-9 2020 As PDE9A is a cGMP specific enzyme, drugs such as PF-04447943 which act to facilitate striatal cGMP signaling and glutamatergic corticostriatal transmission could be useful therapeutic agents for restoring striatal function and alleviating motor and cognitive symptoms associated with HD. Cyclic GMP 14-18 phosphodiesterase 9A Rattus norvegicus 3-8 32581668-9 2020 As PDE9A is a cGMP specific enzyme, drugs such as PF-04447943 which act to facilitate striatal cGMP signaling and glutamatergic corticostriatal transmission could be useful therapeutic agents for restoring striatal function and alleviating motor and cognitive symptoms associated with HD. Cyclic GMP 95-99 phosphodiesterase 9A Rattus norvegicus 3-8 32466182-0 2020 Novel Barbiturate-Nitrate Compounds Inhibit the Upregulation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Gene Expression in Intestinal Inflammation through a cGMP-Mediated Pathway. Cyclic GMP 144-148 matrix metallopeptidase 9 Homo sapiens 64-90 32509195-8 2020 A strong positive correlation between CNP and cGMP concentrations in human follicular fluids was observed. Cyclic GMP 46-50 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 38-41 32315291-7 2020 Diabetic mice also demonstrated low Vegfa and Bmp2/4 expression in bone and impaired bone regeneration after injury; notably, the cGMP-elevating agent cinaciguat restored Vegfa and BMP2/4 expression, and full bone healing. Cyclic GMP 130-134 vascular endothelial growth factor A Mus musculus 171-176 30641078-7 2019 Increasing extracellular cGMP normalizes membrane expression of SNAT3, GAT3, GAT1 and GLAST and extracellular glutamate, glutamine, GABA and citrulline hyperammonemic rats. Cyclic GMP 25-29 solute carrier family 38, member 3 Rattus norvegicus 64-69 30641078-7 2019 Increasing extracellular cGMP normalizes membrane expression of SNAT3, GAT3, GAT1 and GLAST and extracellular glutamate, glutamine, GABA and citrulline hyperammonemic rats. Cyclic GMP 25-29 solute carrier family 6 member 11 Rattus norvegicus 71-75 31763675-9 2019 In the in vitro study, overexpression of DDAH-2 increased the levels of nitrite and intracellular cGMP, while the DDAH-2 knockdown induced the opposite effect. Cyclic GMP 98-102 dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 2 Mus musculus 41-47 30424709-3 2019 Data show that TRPV1 is a physical component of the natriuretic peptide A, cGMP, PKG signaling complex, interacting with the Natriuretic Peptide Receptor 1 (NPR1), and upon binding its ligand, Natriuretic Peptide A (NPPA, ANP) TRPV1 activation is subsequently suppressed through production of cGMP and PKG mediated phosphorylation of the TRPV1 channel. Cyclic GMP 75-79 natriuretic peptide receptor 1 Mus musculus 125-155 30424709-3 2019 Data show that TRPV1 is a physical component of the natriuretic peptide A, cGMP, PKG signaling complex, interacting with the Natriuretic Peptide Receptor 1 (NPR1), and upon binding its ligand, Natriuretic Peptide A (NPPA, ANP) TRPV1 activation is subsequently suppressed through production of cGMP and PKG mediated phosphorylation of the TRPV1 channel. Cyclic GMP 75-79 natriuretic peptide receptor 1 Mus musculus 157-161 30424709-3 2019 Data show that TRPV1 is a physical component of the natriuretic peptide A, cGMP, PKG signaling complex, interacting with the Natriuretic Peptide Receptor 1 (NPR1), and upon binding its ligand, Natriuretic Peptide A (NPPA, ANP) TRPV1 activation is subsequently suppressed through production of cGMP and PKG mediated phosphorylation of the TRPV1 channel. Cyclic GMP 293-297 natriuretic peptide receptor 1 Mus musculus 157-161 31578258-0 2019 The Novel Phosphodiesterase 9A Inhibitor BI 409306 Increases Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate Levels in the Brain, Promotes Synaptic Plasticity, and Enhances Memory Function in Rodents. Cyclic GMP 61-91 phosphodiesterase 9A Rattus norvegicus 10-30 31578258-2 2019 As phosphodiesterase (PDE)9A selectively hydrolyses cGMP in areas of the brain related to cognition, PDE9A inhibitors may improve cognitive function by enhancing NMDA receptor-dependent LTP. Cyclic GMP 52-56 phosphodiesterase 9A Rattus norvegicus 22-28 31578258-2 2019 As phosphodiesterase (PDE)9A selectively hydrolyses cGMP in areas of the brain related to cognition, PDE9A inhibitors may improve cognitive function by enhancing NMDA receptor-dependent LTP. Cyclic GMP 52-56 phosphodiesterase 9A Rattus norvegicus 101-106 31365292-9 2019 The ST increase in cGMP in both models was partially dependent on NHERF3. Cyclic GMP 19-23 PDZ domain containing 1 Homo sapiens 66-72 31121256-11 2019 Concomitant treatment with PDE1B, PDE2A, PDE9A and PDE10A inhibitors resulted in a 4.4- and 36.7-fold increase of cGMP in rat and mouse striatum. Cyclic GMP 114-118 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 34-39 31121256-11 2019 Concomitant treatment with PDE1B, PDE2A, PDE9A and PDE10A inhibitors resulted in a 4.4- and 36.7-fold increase of cGMP in rat and mouse striatum. Cyclic GMP 114-118 phosphodiesterase 9A Rattus norvegicus 41-46 31519182-0 2019 cAMP- and cGMP-elevating agents inhibit GPIbalpha-mediated aggregation but not GPIbalpha-stimulated Syk activation in human platelets. Cyclic GMP 10-14 glycoprotein Ib platelet subunit alpha Homo sapiens 40-49 31519182-4 2019 Our aim was to establish the intracellular signaling response of selective GPIbalpha activation in human platelets, in particular the role of the tyrosine kinase Syk and its regulation by cAMP/PKA and cGMP/PKG pathways, respectively. Cyclic GMP 201-205 glycoprotein Ib platelet subunit alpha Homo sapiens 75-84 31519182-4 2019 Our aim was to establish the intracellular signaling response of selective GPIbalpha activation in human platelets, in particular the role of the tyrosine kinase Syk and its regulation by cAMP/PKA and cGMP/PKG pathways, respectively. Cyclic GMP 201-205 spleen associated tyrosine kinase Homo sapiens 162-165 31170354-7 2019 Together, our findings suggest that hsp90 works in concert with cochaperons (Hsp70, Aha1, Aarsd1, STIP1, and Cdc37) and an active sGC-cGMP signaling pathway to promote heme insertion into immature apo-Mb, and thus generate functional Mb during muscle myotube formation. Cyclic GMP 134-138 cell division cycle 37 Mus musculus 109-114 31253692-1 2019 Inhibition of phosphodiesterase 2A (PDE2A) has been proposed as a potential approach to enhance cognitive functioning and memory through boosting intracellular cGMP/cAMP and enhancing neuroplasticity in memory-related neural circuitry. Cyclic GMP 160-164 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 14-34 31253692-1 2019 Inhibition of phosphodiesterase 2A (PDE2A) has been proposed as a potential approach to enhance cognitive functioning and memory through boosting intracellular cGMP/cAMP and enhancing neuroplasticity in memory-related neural circuitry. Cyclic GMP 160-164 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 36-41 31253692-7 2019 In vitro experiments using recombinant PDE2A protein or rat brain homogenate that contains native PDE2A protein demonstrated that increased cGMP after initial PDE2A inhibition could be responsible for the activation of PDE2A enzyme via allosteric binding to the GAF-B domain, leading to positive cooperativity of the dormant PDE2A enzymes. Cyclic GMP 140-144 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 39-44 31311394-7 2019 Sildenafil enhances beta adrenergic receptor (betaAR)-stimulated cGMP and cAMP signals in HFD myocytes. Cyclic GMP 65-69 adrenergic receptor, beta 1 Mus musculus 46-52 31396305-0 2019 T Cell-Derived IL-17A Induces Vascular Dysfunction via Perivascular Fibrosis Formation and Dysregulation of NO/cGMP Signaling. Cyclic GMP 112-116 interleukin 17A Mus musculus 15-21 31396305-9 2019 We also found that the NO/cGMP pathway was downregulated in the vasculature of the CD4-IL-17Aind/+ mice, while levels of protein tyrosine kinase 2 (PYK2), an oxidative stress-triggered process associated with T cell activation, were upregulated in the perivascular fat tissue (PVAT). Cyclic GMP 27-31 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 84-87 30825186-6 2019 Basal PDE1 exerted a functional role in degrading in situ the cGMP produced in response to activation of particulate GC by C-type natriuretic peptide. Cyclic GMP 62-66 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 123-149 30378115-0 2019 LncRNA SLC8A1-AS1 protects against myocardial damage through activation of cGMP-PKG signaling pathway by inhibiting SLC8A1 in mice models of myocardial infarction. Cyclic GMP 75-79 solute carrier family 8 (sodium/calcium exchanger), member 1 Mus musculus 7-13 30378115-0 2019 LncRNA SLC8A1-AS1 protects against myocardial damage through activation of cGMP-PKG signaling pathway by inhibiting SLC8A1 in mice models of myocardial infarction. Cyclic GMP 75-79 solute carrier family 8 (sodium/calcium exchanger), member 1 Mus musculus 116-122 30378115-10 2019 Furthermore, the overexpression of SLC8A1-AS1 was noted to elicit an inhibitory effect on the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway via SLC8A1. Cyclic GMP 94-98 solute carrier family 8 (sodium/calcium exchanger), member 1 Mus musculus 35-41 30378115-10 2019 Furthermore, the overexpression of SLC8A1-AS1 was noted to elicit an inhibitory effect on the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway via SLC8A1. Cyclic GMP 94-98 solute carrier family 8 (sodium/calcium exchanger), member 1 Mus musculus 125-131 30378115-11 2019 In conclusion, lncRNA SLC8A1-AS1, by downregulating SLC8A1 and activating the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, was observed to alleviate myocardial damage, inhibit the release of proinflammatory factors and reduce infarct size, ultimately protecting against myocardial damage. Cyclic GMP 78-82 solute carrier family 8 (sodium/calcium exchanger), member 1 Mus musculus 22-28 30328550-9 2019 All these effects of extracellular cGMP are due to a reduction of hippocampal IL-1beta levels in hyperammonemic rats, which reduces IL-1 receptor-mediated Src over-activation. Cyclic GMP 35-39 SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase Rattus norvegicus 155-158 31067462-5 2019 Generation of nitric oxide downstream of Sash1 in endothelial cells affects alveolar epithelial cells in a cGMP-dependent manner, inducing maturation of alveolar type 1 and 2 cells. Cyclic GMP 107-111 SAM and SH3 domain containing 1 Mus musculus 41-46 30810355-11 2019 Our data suggest that the cGMP-induced NKCC2 ubiquitination and degradation may contribute to the cGMP-induced decrease of the NKCC2-dependent NaCl reabsorption in TALs. Cyclic GMP 26-30 RNA, U4atac small nuclear Homo sapiens 164-168 30810355-11 2019 Our data suggest that the cGMP-induced NKCC2 ubiquitination and degradation may contribute to the cGMP-induced decrease of the NKCC2-dependent NaCl reabsorption in TALs. Cyclic GMP 98-102 RNA, U4atac small nuclear Homo sapiens 164-168 31078160-0 2019 Nppc/Npr2/cGMP signaling cascade maintains oocyte developmental capacity. Cyclic GMP 10-14 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 0-4 31078160-5 2019 Nppc/Npr2 system exerts its biological function on developing follicles by increasing the production of intracellular cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Cyclic GMP 118-148 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 0-4 31078160-5 2019 Nppc/Npr2 system exerts its biological function on developing follicles by increasing the production of intracellular cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Cyclic GMP 150-154 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 0-4 31078160-10 2019 This paper extends on most recent and relevant experimental evidence regarding Nppc/Npr2/cGMP signaling with regard to its crucial role in maintaining oocyte meiotic arrest and the production of oocytes with developmental capacity. Cyclic GMP 89-93 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 79-83 30798662-11 2019 Glomerular cGMP (cyclic guanosine monophosphate) generation as a measure of eNOS activity was decreased in all Flt-1 treated animals. Cyclic GMP 11-15 FMS-like tyrosine kinase 1 Mus musculus 111-116 30798662-11 2019 Glomerular cGMP (cyclic guanosine monophosphate) generation as a measure of eNOS activity was decreased in all Flt-1 treated animals. Cyclic GMP 17-47 FMS-like tyrosine kinase 1 Mus musculus 111-116 30798662-12 2019 L-arginine abolished the decrease in cGMP levels only in Flt-1-pregnant mice. Cyclic GMP 37-41 FMS-like tyrosine kinase 1 Mus musculus 57-62 30672071-4 2019 Our aim was to explore whether EA can promote the gut motility by CNP/NPR-B-cGMP and PDE3A-cGMP signaling in diabetic mice, and the relationship between NPs and ICC. Cyclic GMP 91-95 phosphodiesterase 3A, cGMP inhibited Mus musculus 85-90 30738868-11 2019 cGMP/PKG signals were involved in the TSPO ligand action, since in the presence of cGMP or PKG inhibitor ODQ or KT5823 respectively, the effect of PK 11195 on VSMC proliferation was blocked. Cyclic GMP 0-4 translocator protein Rattus norvegicus 38-42 30738868-11 2019 cGMP/PKG signals were involved in the TSPO ligand action, since in the presence of cGMP or PKG inhibitor ODQ or KT5823 respectively, the effect of PK 11195 on VSMC proliferation was blocked. Cyclic GMP 83-87 translocator protein Rattus norvegicus 38-42 30899260-6 2019 SAA administration increased vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 expression and circulating monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 and decreased aortic cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), consistent with SAA inhibiting nitric oxide bioactivity. Cyclic GMP 155-185 serum amyloid A cluster Mus musculus 0-3 30899260-6 2019 SAA administration increased vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 expression and circulating monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 and decreased aortic cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), consistent with SAA inhibiting nitric oxide bioactivity. Cyclic GMP 187-191 serum amyloid A cluster Mus musculus 0-3 30962868-5 2019 The N-terminal region of each subunit is comprised of two allosteric cGMP-binding domains (Gaf-A & Gaf-B), oriented in the same way and interacting with the catalytic domain present at the C-terminal in a way that would allow the allosteric cGMP-binding domains to influence catalytic activity. Cyclic GMP 69-73 fibroblast growth factor 9 Homo sapiens 91-94 30962868-5 2019 The N-terminal region of each subunit is comprised of two allosteric cGMP-binding domains (Gaf-A & Gaf-B), oriented in the same way and interacting with the catalytic domain present at the C-terminal in a way that would allow the allosteric cGMP-binding domains to influence catalytic activity. Cyclic GMP 69-73 fibroblast growth factor 9 Homo sapiens 103-106 30962868-5 2019 The N-terminal region of each subunit is comprised of two allosteric cGMP-binding domains (Gaf-A & Gaf-B), oriented in the same way and interacting with the catalytic domain present at the C-terminal in a way that would allow the allosteric cGMP-binding domains to influence catalytic activity. Cyclic GMP 245-249 fibroblast growth factor 9 Homo sapiens 91-94 30962868-7 2019 We studied the impact of mutations on the stability of PDE6alphabeta structure, subunit-interfaces and Gaf-cGMP interactions. Cyclic GMP 107-111 fibroblast growth factor 9 Homo sapiens 55-106 30443663-9 2019 A comparison of PDE9A with PDE7A suggests that the preference of the former for cGMP and cUMP and of the latter for cAMP and cCMP is due to stabilized alternative conformations of the side chain amide of Gln453 and Gln413, respectively. Cyclic GMP 80-84 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 16-21 30443663-10 2019 This so-called glutamine switch is known to be involved in the regulation of cAMP/cGMP selectivity of some PDEs. Cyclic GMP 82-86 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 107-111 29595329-1 2019 BACKGROUND: Sacubitril (SAC), a neprilysin inhibitor prevent degradation of neprilysin and activate cGMP signaling pathways leading to rise in blood volume concurrent to blood pressure by means of vasoactive peptides, adrenomedullin, and bradykinin. Cyclic GMP 100-104 membrane metallo-endopeptidase Rattus norvegicus 32-42 30613339-2 2018 In this work we adapt our recently developed 11C-cyanation of arylpinacolboronate (BPin) esters for the cGMP synthesis of [11C]LY2795050, a selective antagonist radiotracer for the kappa opioid receptor (KOR). Cyclic GMP 104-108 opioid receptor kappa 1 Homo sapiens 181-202 30613339-2 2018 In this work we adapt our recently developed 11C-cyanation of arylpinacolboronate (BPin) esters for the cGMP synthesis of [11C]LY2795050, a selective antagonist radiotracer for the kappa opioid receptor (KOR). Cyclic GMP 104-108 opioid receptor kappa 1 Homo sapiens 204-207 30337247-9 2018 SPR and ITC revealed a tight interaction between Hu-GPIbalpha and rLep-vWA-I/rLep-vWA-II with KD values of 3.87 x 10-7-8.65 x 10-8 M. Hu-GPIbalpha-binding of rL-vWA-I/rL-vWA-II neither activated the PI3K/AKT-ERK and PLC/PKC kinases nor affected the NO, cGMP, ADP, Ca2+ and TXA2 levels in Hu-platelets. Cyclic GMP 253-257 glycoprotein Ib platelet subunit alpha Homo sapiens 52-61 30337247-9 2018 SPR and ITC revealed a tight interaction between Hu-GPIbalpha and rLep-vWA-I/rLep-vWA-II with KD values of 3.87 x 10-7-8.65 x 10-8 M. Hu-GPIbalpha-binding of rL-vWA-I/rL-vWA-II neither activated the PI3K/AKT-ERK and PLC/PKC kinases nor affected the NO, cGMP, ADP, Ca2+ and TXA2 levels in Hu-platelets. Cyclic GMP 253-257 glycoprotein Ib platelet subunit alpha Homo sapiens 137-146 30206122-10 2018 Moreover, cGMP-stimulated PKG Ialpha C117S increased KCa 1.1 activity, but this effect was not observed under oxidizing conditions. Cyclic GMP 10-14 potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M alpha 1 Homo sapiens 53-60 30126899-5 2018 However, we noted that either STh or STp recombinant peptides stimulated cGMP production and that the loss of estP was compensated by enhanced estH transcription. Cyclic GMP 73-77 saitohin Homo sapiens 30-33 30126899-7 2018 In addition, we demonstrated that the EtpA adhesin is required for optimal delivery of ST and that antibodies against either the adhesin or STh significantly impaired toxin delivery and cGMP activation in target T84 cells. Cyclic GMP 186-190 saitohin Homo sapiens 140-143 30251130-2 2018 For the second GAF (cGMP-specific phosphodiesterases, adenylyl cyclases, and FhlA) domain from the sensory kinase MsmS (sGAF2), stepwise additions of these respective two sulfur-donor ligands to its dithionite-reduced ferrous form generate homogeneous six-coordinate low-spin ferrous complexes at both pHs 7.0 and 5.4. Cyclic GMP 20-24 fibroblast growth factor 9 Homo sapiens 15-18 28945155-6 2018 OAT2 (transcript variant 1, OAT2-tv1) presented high uptake ratios of 30, 13, ~35, ~25, 8.5 and 9 with cGMP, PAH, penciclovir, ganciclovir, creatinine and E3S, respectively. Cyclic GMP 103-107 solute carrier family 22 member 7 Homo sapiens 0-4 28945155-6 2018 OAT2 (transcript variant 1, OAT2-tv1) presented high uptake ratios of 30, 13, ~35, ~25, 8.5 and 9 with cGMP, PAH, penciclovir, ganciclovir, creatinine and E3S, respectively. Cyclic GMP 103-107 solute carrier family 22 member 7 Homo sapiens 28-32 30223437-9 2018 We conclude that CNP downmodulates IFN-gamma induced pro-inflammatory gene expression in human endothelial cells via a cGMP-mediated pathway. Cyclic GMP 119-123 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 17-20 30016962-1 2018 BACKGROUND: The cardiac hormones atrial (ANP) and B-type natriuretic peptides (BNP) moderate arterial blood pressure and improve energy metabolism as well as insulin sensitivity via their shared cGMP-producing guanylyl cyclase-A (GC-A) receptor. Cyclic GMP 195-199 natriuretic peptide receptor 1 Mus musculus 210-228 30016962-1 2018 BACKGROUND: The cardiac hormones atrial (ANP) and B-type natriuretic peptides (BNP) moderate arterial blood pressure and improve energy metabolism as well as insulin sensitivity via their shared cGMP-producing guanylyl cyclase-A (GC-A) receptor. Cyclic GMP 195-199 natriuretic peptide receptor 1 Mus musculus 230-234 29362850-0 2018 Heme oxygenase-1/biliverdin/carbon monoxide pathway downregulates hypernociception in rats by a mechanism dependent on cGMP/ATP-sensitive K+ channels. Cyclic GMP 119-123 heme oxygenase 1 Rattus norvegicus 0-16 29273600-10 2018 Moreover, cGK (cGMP-dependent protein kinase) activity was downregulated in Npr2+/- valves, and CNP triggered synthesis of cGMP and activation of cGK1 (cGMP-dependent protein kinase 1) in cultured porcine valve interstitial cells. Cyclic GMP 15-19 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 96-99 29367584-4 2018 Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cyclic GMP) and their plethora of downstream protein kinase effectors serve ubiquitous roles not only in cardiovascular homeostasis but also in the pathogenesis of CVD. Cyclic GMP 48-78 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 87-90 28864968-5 2018 This shows that cGMP is necessary for the control of pollen tube growth and that it might be a downstream component of ETR1 in the ethylene signaling pathway. Cyclic GMP 16-20 Signal transduction histidine kinase, hybrid-type, ethylene sensor Arabidopsis thaliana 119-123 29304533-9 2018 Fluvastatin and rosuvastatin interfered with MRP4 function inhibiting ATP-dependent cGMP (cyclic guanosine monophosphate) uptake into MRP4-containing vesicles, inhibited MRP4-mediated S1P transport in vitro and significantly attenuated endogenous S1P release from agonist-activated platelet ex vivo. Cyclic GMP 84-88 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4 Homo sapiens 45-49 29304533-9 2018 Fluvastatin and rosuvastatin interfered with MRP4 function inhibiting ATP-dependent cGMP (cyclic guanosine monophosphate) uptake into MRP4-containing vesicles, inhibited MRP4-mediated S1P transport in vitro and significantly attenuated endogenous S1P release from agonist-activated platelet ex vivo. Cyclic GMP 84-88 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4 Homo sapiens 134-138 29304533-9 2018 Fluvastatin and rosuvastatin interfered with MRP4 function inhibiting ATP-dependent cGMP (cyclic guanosine monophosphate) uptake into MRP4-containing vesicles, inhibited MRP4-mediated S1P transport in vitro and significantly attenuated endogenous S1P release from agonist-activated platelet ex vivo. Cyclic GMP 84-88 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4 Homo sapiens 134-138 29304533-9 2018 Fluvastatin and rosuvastatin interfered with MRP4 function inhibiting ATP-dependent cGMP (cyclic guanosine monophosphate) uptake into MRP4-containing vesicles, inhibited MRP4-mediated S1P transport in vitro and significantly attenuated endogenous S1P release from agonist-activated platelet ex vivo. Cyclic GMP 90-120 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4 Homo sapiens 45-49 29304533-9 2018 Fluvastatin and rosuvastatin interfered with MRP4 function inhibiting ATP-dependent cGMP (cyclic guanosine monophosphate) uptake into MRP4-containing vesicles, inhibited MRP4-mediated S1P transport in vitro and significantly attenuated endogenous S1P release from agonist-activated platelet ex vivo. Cyclic GMP 90-120 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4 Homo sapiens 134-138 29304533-9 2018 Fluvastatin and rosuvastatin interfered with MRP4 function inhibiting ATP-dependent cGMP (cyclic guanosine monophosphate) uptake into MRP4-containing vesicles, inhibited MRP4-mediated S1P transport in vitro and significantly attenuated endogenous S1P release from agonist-activated platelet ex vivo. Cyclic GMP 90-120 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4 Homo sapiens 134-138 29212382-12 2017 There were several indications of improved retinal health in the PDE6A expressing regions including lack of abnormal cyclic GMP accumulation, appropriate rod opsin localization to the outer segments with a large reduction in mislocalization to other regions of the rod cell, and reduced Muller cell activation. Cyclic GMP 117-127 phosphodiesterase 6A Homo sapiens 65-70 28941685-0 2017 GSK-3 mediates NO-cGMP-induced isoflavone production in soybean sprouts. Cyclic GMP 18-22 glycogen synthase kinase-3 Glycine max 0-5 28941685-1 2017 The role of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) in the nitric oxide-guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (NO-cGMP)-induced isoflavone production in soybean sprouts was examined. Cyclic GMP 108-112 glycogen synthase kinase-3 Glycine max 12-38 28941685-1 2017 The role of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) in the nitric oxide-guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (NO-cGMP)-induced isoflavone production in soybean sprouts was examined. Cyclic GMP 108-112 glycogen synthase kinase-3 Glycine max 40-45 28941685-3 2017 Results showed that NO, with cGMP, induced the expression of GSK-3 under UV-B radiation. Cyclic GMP 29-33 glycogen synthase kinase-3 Glycine max 61-66 28941685-4 2017 Protein kinase G (PKG) was shown to be involved in NO-cGMP-induced GSK-3 activation. Cyclic GMP 54-58 glycogen synthase kinase-3 Glycine max 67-72 28697992-1 2017 We have previously shown that the natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B) agonist C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) enhances cyclic adenosine 3 ,5 -monophosphate (cAMP)-mediated signaling in failing hearts, through cyclic guanosine 3 ,5 -monophosphate (cGMP)-mediated phosphodiesterase (PDE) 3 inhibition. Cyclic GMP 213-249 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 81-107 28697992-1 2017 We have previously shown that the natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B) agonist C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) enhances cyclic adenosine 3 ,5 -monophosphate (cAMP)-mediated signaling in failing hearts, through cyclic guanosine 3 ,5 -monophosphate (cGMP)-mediated phosphodiesterase (PDE) 3 inhibition. Cyclic GMP 213-249 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 109-112 28697992-1 2017 We have previously shown that the natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B) agonist C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) enhances cyclic adenosine 3 ,5 -monophosphate (cAMP)-mediated signaling in failing hearts, through cyclic guanosine 3 ,5 -monophosphate (cGMP)-mediated phosphodiesterase (PDE) 3 inhibition. Cyclic GMP 251-255 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 81-107 28697992-1 2017 We have previously shown that the natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B) agonist C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) enhances cyclic adenosine 3 ,5 -monophosphate (cAMP)-mediated signaling in failing hearts, through cyclic guanosine 3 ,5 -monophosphate (cGMP)-mediated phosphodiesterase (PDE) 3 inhibition. Cyclic GMP 251-255 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 109-112 28697992-5 2017 CNP increased cGMP and enhanced beta1- and beta2-adrenoceptor-mediated inotropic and beta1-adrenoceptor-mediated lusitropic responses, in non-failing and failing hearts. Cyclic GMP 14-18 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 0-3 28697992-9 2017 In summary, CNP sensitizes cAMP-mediated signaling in non-failing as in failing hearts, via NPR-B-mediated increase of cGMP that inhibits the cAMP-PDE activity of PDE3. Cyclic GMP 119-123 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 12-15 28705807-5 2017 H2S levels were increased in response to l-cysteine, and the effect of l-cysteine was augmented by GSNO in a cGMP-dependent protein kinase-sensitive manner, suggesting augmentation of CSE/H2S by cGMP/PKG pathway. Cyclic GMP 109-113 cystathionine gamma-lyase Homo sapiens 184-187 28716951-9 2017 In AFD neurons, PKC-2 is a Ca2+ sensor and signal amplifier that operates downstream from cyclic GMP-gated cation channels and distal guanylate cyclases. Cyclic GMP 90-100 Protein kinase C;Protein kinase C-like 2 Caenorhabditis elegans 16-21 28559051-4 2017 Both NO and CNP are known to use cGMP as the second messenger. Cyclic GMP 33-37 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 12-15 28651055-3 2017 The first-in-class fluorinated SV2A specific radioligand, [18F]UCB-H, is now available at high activity through an efficient radiosynthesis compliant with current good manufacturing practices (cGMP). Cyclic GMP 193-197 synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2a Rattus norvegicus 31-35 28106289-10 2017 To sum up, Corin contributes to the progression of diabetic ED and the underlying mechanism is associated with the down-regulation of ANP /NO/cGMP signal pathway. Cyclic GMP 142-146 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 134-137 28495959-6 2017 Avoidance of the worm extract requires the function of a cGMP signaling pathway that includes the cGMP-gated channel TAX-2/TAX-4 in the amphid sensory neurons ASI and ASK. Cyclic GMP 57-61 Cyclic nucleotide-binding domain-containing protein Caenorhabditis elegans 117-122 28495959-6 2017 Avoidance of the worm extract requires the function of a cGMP signaling pathway that includes the cGMP-gated channel TAX-2/TAX-4 in the amphid sensory neurons ASI and ASK. Cyclic GMP 98-102 Cyclic nucleotide-binding domain-containing protein Caenorhabditis elegans 117-122 28700469-11 2017 In the coexpression network, 3 downregulated CNV-DEGs, including FAT4 (FAT atypical cadherin 4), PDE5A (phosphodiesterase 5A, cGMP-specific), and PCP4 (Purkinje cell protein 4), had a higher degree, and were enriched in specific pathways such as the calmodulin signaling pathway. Cyclic GMP 126-130 Purkinje cell protein 4 Homo sapiens 146-150 28700469-11 2017 In the coexpression network, 3 downregulated CNV-DEGs, including FAT4 (FAT atypical cadherin 4), PDE5A (phosphodiesterase 5A, cGMP-specific), and PCP4 (Purkinje cell protein 4), had a higher degree, and were enriched in specific pathways such as the calmodulin signaling pathway. Cyclic GMP 126-130 Purkinje cell protein 4 Homo sapiens 152-175 28450398-1 2017 Activating mutations in the receptor for C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), guanylyl cyclase B (GC-B, also known as Npr2 or NPR-B), increase cellular cGMP and cause skeletal overgrowth, but how these mutations affect GTP catalysis is poorly understood. Cyclic GMP 149-153 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 41-67 28450398-1 2017 Activating mutations in the receptor for C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), guanylyl cyclase B (GC-B, also known as Npr2 or NPR-B), increase cellular cGMP and cause skeletal overgrowth, but how these mutations affect GTP catalysis is poorly understood. Cyclic GMP 149-153 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 69-72 27895156-3 2017 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) is a downstream target of sildenafil in the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-activated protein kinase G (PKG) axis. Cyclic GMP 138-142 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma Rattus norvegicus 0-48 27895156-3 2017 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) is a downstream target of sildenafil in the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-activated protein kinase G (PKG) axis. Cyclic GMP 138-142 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma Rattus norvegicus 50-60 27895156-6 2017 Treatment with sildenafil, the cGMP derivative 8-bromoguanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate sodium salt (8-Br-cGMP), or pioglitazone dose-dependently downregulated podocyte injury-induced TRPC6 expression in vitro Knockdown or application of antagonists of PKG or PPAR-gamma enhanced TRPC6 expression in podocytes and counteracted effects of sildenafil and 8-Br-cGMP. Cyclic GMP 31-35 transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 6 Rattus norvegicus 187-192 27895156-6 2017 Treatment with sildenafil, the cGMP derivative 8-bromoguanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate sodium salt (8-Br-cGMP), or pioglitazone dose-dependently downregulated podocyte injury-induced TRPC6 expression in vitro Knockdown or application of antagonists of PKG or PPAR-gamma enhanced TRPC6 expression in podocytes and counteracted effects of sildenafil and 8-Br-cGMP. Cyclic GMP 31-35 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma Rattus norvegicus 263-273 27895156-6 2017 Treatment with sildenafil, the cGMP derivative 8-bromoguanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate sodium salt (8-Br-cGMP), or pioglitazone dose-dependently downregulated podocyte injury-induced TRPC6 expression in vitro Knockdown or application of antagonists of PKG or PPAR-gamma enhanced TRPC6 expression in podocytes and counteracted effects of sildenafil and 8-Br-cGMP. Cyclic GMP 31-35 transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 6 Rattus norvegicus 283-288 27895156-11 2017 Thus, sildenafil ameliorates podocyte injury and prevents proteinuria through cGMP- and PKG-dependent binding of PPAR-gamma to the TRPC6 promoter, which inhibits TRPC6 promoter activity, expression, and activity. Cyclic GMP 78-82 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma Rattus norvegicus 113-123 27895156-11 2017 Thus, sildenafil ameliorates podocyte injury and prevents proteinuria through cGMP- and PKG-dependent binding of PPAR-gamma to the TRPC6 promoter, which inhibits TRPC6 promoter activity, expression, and activity. Cyclic GMP 78-82 transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 6 Rattus norvegicus 131-136 27332749-10 2017 In the presence of 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (100 mum), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, pre-treatment with PGRN (100 ng mL-1 ) increased SNP (30 nm, 5 min)-induced cGMP production as determined by enzyme immunoassay. Cyclic GMP 165-169 granulin precursor Rattus norvegicus 108-112 27332749-11 2017 CONCLUSION: We for the first time demonstrate that PGRN augments ACh-induced NO-mediated relaxation through the increases of cGMP production in smooth muscle. Cyclic GMP 125-129 granulin precursor Rattus norvegicus 51-55 28273832-5 2017 Recently, we provided insights into another novel anti-oxidative mechanism of BDNF, which involves the augmentation of sestrin2 expression to endow neuronal resistance against oxidative stress induced by 3-NP; BDNF induction of sestrin2 entails the activation of a pathway involving nitric oxide (NO), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase (PKG), and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB). Cyclic GMP 302-332 brain-derived neurotrophic factor Rattus norvegicus 210-214 28273832-5 2017 Recently, we provided insights into another novel anti-oxidative mechanism of BDNF, which involves the augmentation of sestrin2 expression to endow neuronal resistance against oxidative stress induced by 3-NP; BDNF induction of sestrin2 entails the activation of a pathway involving nitric oxide (NO), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase (PKG), and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB). Cyclic GMP 334-338 brain-derived neurotrophic factor Rattus norvegicus 78-82 28273832-5 2017 Recently, we provided insights into another novel anti-oxidative mechanism of BDNF, which involves the augmentation of sestrin2 expression to endow neuronal resistance against oxidative stress induced by 3-NP; BDNF induction of sestrin2 entails the activation of a pathway involving nitric oxide (NO), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase (PKG), and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB). Cyclic GMP 334-338 brain-derived neurotrophic factor Rattus norvegicus 210-214 27662514-3 2017 The PDE1A, PDE4D, PDE5A, PDE8A, and PDE8B are granulosa cell specific PDEs that hydrolyze adenosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) as well as guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) with different affinities. Cyclic GMP 145-181 phosphodiesterase 4D Homo sapiens 11-16 27662514-3 2017 The PDE1A, PDE4D, PDE5A, PDE8A, and PDE8B are granulosa cell specific PDEs that hydrolyze adenosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) as well as guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) with different affinities. Cyclic GMP 145-181 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 70-74 27662514-3 2017 The PDE1A, PDE4D, PDE5A, PDE8A, and PDE8B are granulosa cell specific PDEs that hydrolyze adenosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) as well as guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) with different affinities. Cyclic GMP 183-187 phosphodiesterase 1A Homo sapiens 4-9 27662514-3 2017 The PDE1A, PDE4D, PDE5A, PDE8A, and PDE8B are granulosa cell specific PDEs that hydrolyze adenosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) as well as guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) with different affinities. Cyclic GMP 183-187 phosphodiesterase 4D Homo sapiens 11-16 27662514-3 2017 The PDE1A, PDE4D, PDE5A, PDE8A, and PDE8B are granulosa cell specific PDEs that hydrolyze adenosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) as well as guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) with different affinities. Cyclic GMP 183-187 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 70-74 28217374-10 2017 This anti-carcinogenic activity of plecanatide was accompanied by activation of cGMP/GC-C signaling mediated inhibition of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling and reduced proliferation. Cyclic GMP 80-84 catenin (cadherin associated protein), beta 1 Mus musculus 127-139 27732797-1 2017 Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) form an 11-member superfamily comprising 100 different isoforms that regulate the second messengers cyclic adenosine or guanosine 3",5"-monophosphate (cAMP or cGMP). Cyclic GMP 164-193 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 38-42 27732797-1 2017 Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) form an 11-member superfamily comprising 100 different isoforms that regulate the second messengers cyclic adenosine or guanosine 3",5"-monophosphate (cAMP or cGMP). Cyclic GMP 203-207 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 38-42 27732797-2 2017 These PDE isoforms differ with respect to substrate selectivity and their localized control of cAMP and cGMP within nanodomains that target specific cellular pools and synthesis pathways for the cyclic nucleotides. Cyclic GMP 104-108 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 6-9 27732797-3 2017 Seven PDE family members are physiologically relevant to regulating cardiac function, disease remodeling of the heart, or both: PDE1 and PDE2, both dual-substrate (cAMP and cGMP) esterases; PDE3, PDE4, and PDE8, which principally hydrolyze cAMP; and PDE5A and PDE9A, which target cGMP. Cyclic GMP 173-177 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 6-9 27732797-3 2017 Seven PDE family members are physiologically relevant to regulating cardiac function, disease remodeling of the heart, or both: PDE1 and PDE2, both dual-substrate (cAMP and cGMP) esterases; PDE3, PDE4, and PDE8, which principally hydrolyze cAMP; and PDE5A and PDE9A, which target cGMP. Cyclic GMP 280-284 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 6-9 27732797-3 2017 Seven PDE family members are physiologically relevant to regulating cardiac function, disease remodeling of the heart, or both: PDE1 and PDE2, both dual-substrate (cAMP and cGMP) esterases; PDE3, PDE4, and PDE8, which principally hydrolyze cAMP; and PDE5A and PDE9A, which target cGMP. Cyclic GMP 280-284 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 260-265 27153922-11 2017 However, NP/GC-A/cGMP signaling protects podocyte integrity under pathologic conditions, most likely by suppression of TRPC channels. Cyclic GMP 17-21 natriuretic peptide receptor 1 Mus musculus 12-16 27534879-5 2016 MC4R pregnant rats also had less circulating cGMP levels and reduced total NOS enzymatic activity and expression in mesenteric arteries. Cyclic GMP 45-49 melanocortin 4 receptor Rattus norvegicus 0-4 27413196-3 2016 There is increasing evidence that regulation of the cGMP-cGMP-dependent protein kinase 1-phosphodiesterase (cGMP-cGK1-PDE) signaling pathway may be renoprotective. Cyclic GMP 52-56 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 118-121 27413196-5 2016 This review gives an outline of the cGMP-cGK1-PDE signaling pathways and details the downstream signaling and regulatory functions that are modulated by cGK1 and PDE inhibitors with regard to antifibrotic, antithrombotic, and antitumor activity. Cyclic GMP 36-40 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 46-49 27413196-5 2016 This review gives an outline of the cGMP-cGK1-PDE signaling pathways and details the downstream signaling and regulatory functions that are modulated by cGK1 and PDE inhibitors with regard to antifibrotic, antithrombotic, and antitumor activity. Cyclic GMP 36-40 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 162-165 27413196-6 2016 Current evidence that supports the renoprotective effects of regulating cGMP-cGK1-PDE signaling is also summarized. Cyclic GMP 72-76 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 82-85 27413196-8 2016 We conclude that regulation of cGMP-cGK1-PDE signaling might provide novel, therapeutic strategies for the worsening global public health problem of CKD. Cyclic GMP 31-35 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 41-44 27616322-1 2016 Sodium nitrite (NaNO2) induces relaxation in isolated arteries partly through an endothelium-dependent mechanism involving NO-eNOS-sGC-cGMP pathway. Cyclic GMP 135-139 nitric oxide synthase 3 Rattus norvegicus 126-130 27335069-7 2016 In addition, the removal of magnesium ions from the medium decreased the binding affinity of NPR2 for NPPC, resulting in a decrease in cGMP levels and meiotic resumption. Cyclic GMP 135-139 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 102-106 27459302-6 2016 We show here that the guanylyl cyclase ODR-1 functions non-cell-autonomously to downregulate ASH-mediated aversive behaviors and that ectopic cGMP generation in ASH is sufficient to dampen ASH sensitivity. Cyclic GMP 142-146 Guanylate cyclase Caenorhabditis elegans 39-44 27129464-12 2016 This study provides the first evidence that extra-platelet nitrite and erythrocytic CAII may modulate platelet function in a cGMP-dependent manner. Cyclic GMP 125-129 carbonic anhydrase 2 Homo sapiens 84-88 27102282-5 2016 RESULTS: We observed that UGN triggers cGMP/PKG and cAMP/PKA pathways in a sequential way. Cyclic GMP 39-43 guanylate cyclase activator 2B Sus scrofa 26-29 27367668-8 2016 Thus, alpha1A-AR activation induced the trafficking of AQP5 to the APM and LPM via the Ca(2+)/ cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)/PKG signaling pathway, which is associated with store-operated Ca(2+) entry. Cyclic GMP 95-125 aquaporin 5 Rattus norvegicus 55-59 27367668-8 2016 Thus, alpha1A-AR activation induced the trafficking of AQP5 to the APM and LPM via the Ca(2+)/ cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)/PKG signaling pathway, which is associated with store-operated Ca(2+) entry. Cyclic GMP 127-131 aquaporin 5 Rattus norvegicus 55-59 27206740-9 2016 Additionally, the activity of multidrug-resistance-associated protein-4 (MRP4; cGMP-membrane transporter) was significantly lower in ESRD-RBCs, suggesting a possible compromised efflux of cGMP across the ESRD-RBCs membrane. Cyclic GMP 79-83 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4 Homo sapiens 30-71 27206740-9 2016 Additionally, the activity of multidrug-resistance-associated protein-4 (MRP4; cGMP-membrane transporter) was significantly lower in ESRD-RBCs, suggesting a possible compromised efflux of cGMP across the ESRD-RBCs membrane. Cyclic GMP 79-83 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4 Homo sapiens 73-77 27206740-9 2016 Additionally, the activity of multidrug-resistance-associated protein-4 (MRP4; cGMP-membrane transporter) was significantly lower in ESRD-RBCs, suggesting a possible compromised efflux of cGMP across the ESRD-RBCs membrane. Cyclic GMP 188-192 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4 Homo sapiens 30-71 27206740-9 2016 Additionally, the activity of multidrug-resistance-associated protein-4 (MRP4; cGMP-membrane transporter) was significantly lower in ESRD-RBCs, suggesting a possible compromised efflux of cGMP across the ESRD-RBCs membrane. Cyclic GMP 188-192 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4 Homo sapiens 73-77 27194341-7 2016 We found that the two cyclic nucleotides counteractively regulate the frequency of microtubule contacts and targeted delivery of VAMP7 vesicles: cAMP stimulates and cGMP inhibits these events, thereby steering the growth cone in the opposite directions. Cyclic GMP 165-169 vesicle associated membrane protein 7 Gallus gallus 129-134 27340557-7 2016 We then demonstrated the transformation of CNP ex vivo into a renal cGMP-activating peptide which increased cGMP in freshly isolated glomeruli eight-fold greater than CNP. Cyclic GMP 68-72 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 43-46 27340557-7 2016 We then demonstrated the transformation of CNP ex vivo into a renal cGMP-activating peptide which increased cGMP in freshly isolated glomeruli eight-fold greater than CNP. Cyclic GMP 68-72 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 167-170 27340557-7 2016 We then demonstrated the transformation of CNP ex vivo into a renal cGMP-activating peptide which increased cGMP in freshly isolated glomeruli eight-fold greater than CNP. Cyclic GMP 108-112 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 43-46 26682792-4 2016 RESULTS: In myocardium of HFpEF patients and ZSF1-HFpEF rats, we observed the following: 1) E-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression levels were upregulated; 2) NADPH oxidase 2 expression was raised in macrophages and endothelial cells but not in cardiomyocytes; and 3) uncoupling of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, which was associated with reduced myocardial nitrite/nitrate concentration, cGMP content, and PKG activity. Cyclic GMP 414-418 cytochrome b-245 beta chain Rattus norvegicus 180-195 26971999-4 2016 We document that C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), a ligand of the membrane-bound guanylate cyclase B, enhances the activity of cGMP-dependent protein kinase I (cGKI) in melanoma cells by increasing the intracellular levels of cGMP. Cyclic GMP 128-132 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 17-43 26971999-4 2016 We document that C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), a ligand of the membrane-bound guanylate cyclase B, enhances the activity of cGMP-dependent protein kinase I (cGKI) in melanoma cells by increasing the intracellular levels of cGMP. Cyclic GMP 128-132 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 45-48 26506568-0 2016 A scalable low-cost cGMP process for clinical grade production of the HIV inhibitor 5P12-RANTES in Pichia pastoris. Cyclic GMP 20-24 C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 Homo sapiens 89-95 26506568-6 2016 At pilot (150 L) scale, this cGMP compliant process yielded 30 g of clinical grade 5P12-RANTES. Cyclic GMP 29-33 C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 Homo sapiens 88-94 26687482-4 2015 The most potent S-tide derivative (S1.5) increased the open probability of the potassium channel KCa1.1 to levels equivalent to saturating cGMP. Cyclic GMP 139-143 potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M alpha 1 Homo sapiens 97-103 26434723-7 2015 Our studies indicate that the function of the GCY-12 guanylyl cyclase is to provide cGMP to the EGL-4 cGMP-dependent kinase only for limited tasks including body size regulation. Cyclic GMP 84-88 Receptor-type guanylate cyclase gcy-12 Caenorhabditis elegans 46-52 26434723-9 2015 Thus, the cGMP level is precisely controlled by GCY-12 and PDE-2 to determine body size through EGL-4, and the defects in the sensory cilium structure may disturb the balanced control of the cGMP level. Cyclic GMP 10-14 Receptor-type guanylate cyclase gcy-12 Caenorhabditis elegans 48-54 26434723-9 2015 Thus, the cGMP level is precisely controlled by GCY-12 and PDE-2 to determine body size through EGL-4, and the defects in the sensory cilium structure may disturb the balanced control of the cGMP level. Cyclic GMP 10-14 putative 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase pde-2 Caenorhabditis elegans 59-64 26388264-6 2015 The PDE models are based on experimental studies performed on purified PDEs which have demonstrated that cAMP and cGMP bind competitively to the cyclic nucleotide (cN)-binding domains of PDEs 1, 2, and 3, while PDE4 regulation occurs via PKA-mediated phosphorylation. Cyclic GMP 114-118 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 4-7 26388264-7 2015 Individual PDE models reproduce experimentally measured cAMP hydrolysis rates with dose-dependent cGMP regulation. Cyclic GMP 98-102 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 11-14 26388264-13 2015 These results provide insights into how PDEs transduce cGMP signals to regulate cAMP and how PDE interactions affect cardiac beta-adrenergic response. Cyclic GMP 55-59 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 40-43 26362215-0 2015 DNA-binding properties of a cGMP-binding CRP homologue that controls development of metabolically dormant cysts of Rhodospirillum centenum. Cyclic GMP 28-32 catabolite gene activator protein Escherichia coli 41-44 26362215-8 2015 CgrA thus constitutes a novel variant of CRP that utilizes cGMP to regulate production of cGMP synthase for the control of cyst development. Cyclic GMP 59-63 catabolite gene activator protein Escherichia coli 41-44 26261085-7 2015 The scaffolding protein Na(+)/H(+) exchanger regulatory factor 2 (NHERF2) bridges iNOS with CFTR, forming CFTR-NHERF2-iNOS macromolecular complexes that potentiate CFTR channel function via the nitric oxide-cGMP pathway under inflammatory conditions both in vitro and in vivo. Cyclic GMP 207-211 cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator Mus musculus 92-96 26261085-7 2015 The scaffolding protein Na(+)/H(+) exchanger regulatory factor 2 (NHERF2) bridges iNOS with CFTR, forming CFTR-NHERF2-iNOS macromolecular complexes that potentiate CFTR channel function via the nitric oxide-cGMP pathway under inflammatory conditions both in vitro and in vivo. Cyclic GMP 207-211 cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator Mus musculus 106-110 26261085-7 2015 The scaffolding protein Na(+)/H(+) exchanger regulatory factor 2 (NHERF2) bridges iNOS with CFTR, forming CFTR-NHERF2-iNOS macromolecular complexes that potentiate CFTR channel function via the nitric oxide-cGMP pathway under inflammatory conditions both in vitro and in vivo. Cyclic GMP 207-211 cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator Mus musculus 106-110 26216942-0 2015 MRP4 Modulation of the Guanylate Cyclase-C/cGMP Pathway: Effects on Linaclotide-Induced Electrolyte Secretion and cGMP Efflux. Cyclic GMP 43-47 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4 Rattus norvegicus 0-4 26216942-0 2015 MRP4 Modulation of the Guanylate Cyclase-C/cGMP Pathway: Effects on Linaclotide-Induced Electrolyte Secretion and cGMP Efflux. Cyclic GMP 114-118 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4 Rattus norvegicus 0-4 26216942-0 2015 MRP4 Modulation of the Guanylate Cyclase-C/cGMP Pathway: Effects on Linaclotide-Induced Electrolyte Secretion and cGMP Efflux. Cyclic GMP 114-118 guanylate cyclase 2C Rattus norvegicus 23-42 26216942-1 2015 MRP4 mediates the efflux of cGMP and cAMP and acts as an important regulator of these secondary messengers, thereby affecting signaling events mediated by cGMP and cAMP. Cyclic GMP 28-32 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4 Rattus norvegicus 0-4 26216942-1 2015 MRP4 mediates the efflux of cGMP and cAMP and acts as an important regulator of these secondary messengers, thereby affecting signaling events mediated by cGMP and cAMP. Cyclic GMP 155-159 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4 Rattus norvegicus 0-4 26216942-4 2015 Linaclotide activation of the guanylate cyclase-C (GC-C)/cGMP pathway induced a concentration-dependent increase in transepithelial ion current [short-circuit current (Isc)] across rat colonic mucosa (EC50: 9.2 nM). Cyclic GMP 57-61 guanylate cyclase 2C Rattus norvegicus 30-49 26216942-5 2015 Pretreatment of colonic mucosa with the specific MRP4 inhibitor MK571 potentiated linaclotide-induced electrolyte secretion and augmented linaclotide-stimulated intracellular cGMP accumulation. Cyclic GMP 175-179 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4 Rattus norvegicus 49-53 26216942-9 2015 Furthermore, linaclotide activation of GC-C induced cGMP secretion from the apical and basolateral membranes of colonic epithelium. Cyclic GMP 52-56 guanylate cyclase 2C Rattus norvegicus 39-43 26216942-10 2015 MRP4 inhibition blocked cGMP efflux from the apical membrane, but not the basolateral membrane. Cyclic GMP 24-28 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4 Rattus norvegicus 0-4 26216942-11 2015 These data reveal a novel, previously unrecognized mechanism that functionally couples GC-C-induced luminal electrolyte transport and cGMP secretion to spatially restricted, compartmentalized regulation by MRP4 at the apical membrane of intestinal epithelium. Cyclic GMP 134-138 guanylate cyclase 2C Rattus norvegicus 87-91 26216942-11 2015 These data reveal a novel, previously unrecognized mechanism that functionally couples GC-C-induced luminal electrolyte transport and cGMP secretion to spatially restricted, compartmentalized regulation by MRP4 at the apical membrane of intestinal epithelium. Cyclic GMP 134-138 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4 Rattus norvegicus 206-210 26178667-7 2015 Second, we analysed the effect of PDE2A and PDE9A inhibition and their role regulating the influence that the second messengers cAMP and cGMP exert on basal transmission. Cyclic GMP 137-141 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 34-39 26178667-11 2015 Moreover, this function of PDE2A is suggested to rely on an active modulation of the cAMP hydrolysis as a response to changes in cGMP levels at the presynaptic level. Cyclic GMP 129-133 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 27-32 26006108-7 2015 Changes in regional cGMP levels paralleled those in eNOS, nNOS and GCalpha2 expression and NOSs" activities. Cyclic GMP 20-24 nitric oxide synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus 58-62 26245198-11 2015 iv) We proposed that extracellular HMGB1 seems to promote the phosphorylation of GPIIb/IIIa and subsequent platelet aggregation via TLR4/NF-kappaB and cGMP pathway. Cyclic GMP 151-155 integrin subunit alpha 2b Homo sapiens 81-86 28162283-8 2015 Exploration into the mechanisms of the cGMP-mediated protection identified a role for the iNOS/NO/cGMP pathway in the activation of ADAM17 (TACE), which is a sheddase that cleaves a number of cell surface receptors including TNF receptor type 1 (TNFR1). Cyclic GMP 39-43 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17 Homo sapiens 132-138 28162283-8 2015 Exploration into the mechanisms of the cGMP-mediated protection identified a role for the iNOS/NO/cGMP pathway in the activation of ADAM17 (TACE), which is a sheddase that cleaves a number of cell surface receptors including TNF receptor type 1 (TNFR1). Cyclic GMP 39-43 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17 Homo sapiens 140-144 28162283-8 2015 Exploration into the mechanisms of the cGMP-mediated protection identified a role for the iNOS/NO/cGMP pathway in the activation of ADAM17 (TACE), which is a sheddase that cleaves a number of cell surface receptors including TNF receptor type 1 (TNFR1). Cyclic GMP 98-102 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17 Homo sapiens 132-138 28162283-8 2015 Exploration into the mechanisms of the cGMP-mediated protection identified a role for the iNOS/NO/cGMP pathway in the activation of ADAM17 (TACE), which is a sheddase that cleaves a number of cell surface receptors including TNF receptor type 1 (TNFR1). Cyclic GMP 98-102 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17 Homo sapiens 140-144 28162283-10 2015 The iNOS/NO/cGMP/TACE pathway can be augmented by PDE5 inhibitors and reduce organ injury in the setting of sepsis. Cyclic GMP 12-16 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17 Homo sapiens 17-21 26266090-12 2015 CONCLUSIONS: We found a so far unknown crosstalk between cGMP and Alk7 signaling pathways. Cyclic GMP 57-61 activin A receptor type 1C Homo sapiens 66-70 25916729-7 2015 A novel noradrenergic specific vector (Ad.PRSx8-mCherry/CAPON) significantly upregulated CAPON expression, NO synthase-1 activity, and cGMP in spontaneously hypertensive rat neurons without altering NO synthase-1 levels. Cyclic GMP 135-139 nitric oxide synthase 1 adaptor protein Rattus norvegicus 56-61 25843350-1 2015 Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) is a universal second messenger that is synthesized from guanosine triphosphate (GTP) by guanylyl cyclases (GCs) and hydrolyzed into guanosine monophosphate (GMP) by phosphodiesterases (PDEs). Cyclic GMP 0-30 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 224-228 25843350-1 2015 Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) is a universal second messenger that is synthesized from guanosine triphosphate (GTP) by guanylyl cyclases (GCs) and hydrolyzed into guanosine monophosphate (GMP) by phosphodiesterases (PDEs). Cyclic GMP 32-36 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 224-228 25843350-2 2015 Small-molecule drugs that induce high cGMP levels in specialized tissues by boosting GC activity or inhibiting PDE activity have become the predominant treatment strategy for a wide range of medical conditions, including congestive heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, atherosclerosis-based claudication and erectile dysfunction. Cyclic GMP 38-42 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 111-114 25843350-4 2015 In cell lines expressing endogenous natriuretic peptide receptor A (NPR-A) (HeLa), GTA/PGTA-driven transgene expression was induced by B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP; Nesiritide( )) in a concentration-dependent manner, which activated NPR-A s intracellular GC domain and triggered a corresponding cGMP surge. Cyclic GMP 298-302 integrin subunit alpha 2b Homo sapiens 83-86 25904916-9 2015 The cGMP/PKG-evoked increase in KCa3.1 current in intact MLS-9 microglia was mediated by ROS, mimicked by applying hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), inhibited by a ROS scavenger (MGP), and prevented by a selective CaMKII inhibitor (mAIP). Cyclic GMP 4-8 matrix Gla protein Rattus norvegicus 171-174 25799230-11 2015 Additionally, the SNP-mediated upregulation of the mRNA expression and the active proteins of CDC42, Rac1 and RhoA were inhibited by the addition of an inhibitor of cGMP or PKG. Cyclic GMP 165-169 Rac family small GTPase 1 Homo sapiens 101-105 25784701-8 2015 Strikingly, pdegamma(-) sporozoites showed dramatically elevated levels of cyclic GMP (cGMP), indicating that a perturbation in cyclic nucleotide balance is involved in the observed phenotypic defects. Cyclic GMP 87-91 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 82-85 25423567-13 2015 Moreover, our results showed that either SNAP or 8-Br-cGMP activated cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) signaling and that the knockdown of CREB attenuated SNAP- and 8-Br-cGMP-induced COX-2 expression and PGE2 production. Cyclic GMP 54-58 cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 69-106 25423567-13 2015 Moreover, our results showed that either SNAP or 8-Br-cGMP activated cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) signaling and that the knockdown of CREB attenuated SNAP- and 8-Br-cGMP-induced COX-2 expression and PGE2 production. Cyclic GMP 54-58 cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 108-112 25423567-13 2015 Moreover, our results showed that either SNAP or 8-Br-cGMP activated cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) signaling and that the knockdown of CREB attenuated SNAP- and 8-Br-cGMP-induced COX-2 expression and PGE2 production. Cyclic GMP 54-58 cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 150-154 25423567-13 2015 Moreover, our results showed that either SNAP or 8-Br-cGMP activated cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) signaling and that the knockdown of CREB attenuated SNAP- and 8-Br-cGMP-induced COX-2 expression and PGE2 production. Cyclic GMP 181-185 cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 69-106 25423567-13 2015 Moreover, our results showed that either SNAP or 8-Br-cGMP activated cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) signaling and that the knockdown of CREB attenuated SNAP- and 8-Br-cGMP-induced COX-2 expression and PGE2 production. Cyclic GMP 181-185 cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 108-112 25423567-13 2015 Moreover, our results showed that either SNAP or 8-Br-cGMP activated cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) signaling and that the knockdown of CREB attenuated SNAP- and 8-Br-cGMP-induced COX-2 expression and PGE2 production. Cyclic GMP 181-185 cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 150-154 25423567-14 2015 CONCLUSION: CREB mediates NO and cGMP-induced COX-2 expression and PGE2 production, which subsequently contribute to NO-regulated ovulation in human granulosa cells. Cyclic GMP 33-37 cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 12-16 25628461-2 2015 Using a clinically relevant mouse model of polymicrobial abdominal sepsis, we found that the production of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in hepatocytes led to the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent activation of the protease TACE (TNF-converting enzyme) and the shedding of TNFR. Cyclic GMP 172-202 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 1a Mus musculus 296-300 25628461-2 2015 Using a clinically relevant mouse model of polymicrobial abdominal sepsis, we found that the production of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in hepatocytes led to the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent activation of the protease TACE (TNF-converting enzyme) and the shedding of TNFR. Cyclic GMP 204-208 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 1a Mus musculus 296-300 25628461-3 2015 Furthermore, treating mice with a cGMP analog after the induction of sepsis increased TNFR shedding and decreased systemic inflammation. Cyclic GMP 34-38 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 1a Mus musculus 86-90 25628461-4 2015 Similarly, increasing the abundance of cGMP with a clinically approved phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (sildenafil) also decreased markers of systemic inflammation, protected against organ injury, and increased circulating amounts of TNFR1 in mice with sepsis. Cyclic GMP 39-43 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 1a Mus musculus 232-237 24806436-4 2015 In this study, we validated our digital image analysis (DIA) system by using the software of Image Pro Plus and a custom-designed Excel template to assess islet mass and purity to better comply with current good manufacturing practice (cGMP) standards. Cyclic GMP 236-240 diaphanous related formin 2 Homo sapiens 56-59 24806436-13 2015 Therefore, DIA complies better with cGMP requirements than the manual counting method. Cyclic GMP 36-40 diaphanous related formin 2 Homo sapiens 11-14 25710042-7 2015 Therefore, we have tested the interaction of human OAT2 with various substances using tritium-labeled cGMP. Cyclic GMP 102-106 solute carrier family 22 member 7 Homo sapiens 51-55 25470517-7 2015 Moreover intracellular cGMP levels were elevated when cells were incubated with ANP confirming that ANP intracellular pathway is mediated by cGMP. Cyclic GMP 141-145 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 80-83 25470517-7 2015 Moreover intracellular cGMP levels were elevated when cells were incubated with ANP confirming that ANP intracellular pathway is mediated by cGMP. Cyclic GMP 141-145 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 100-103 25470517-11 2015 Uncovering cellular aspects of ANP/NPRA/cGMP signaling system provided more elements to help understand cardiac fibrotic process. Cyclic GMP 40-44 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 31-34 25495612-3 2014 The compounds were screened by using tritium-labeled adenosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate ([(3)H]-cGMP) as a substrate for inhibitory affinities against phosphodiesterase-9A (PDE9A), which is a potential target for the treatment of diabetes and Alzheimer"s disease. Cyclic GMP 98-102 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 153-173 25530838-11 2014 In particular, inhibition of nNOS/NO/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)/cGMP-dependent-protein kinases induced the transcriptional activity of FoxO3 and increased Mul-1 expression. Cyclic GMP 37-67 forkhead box O3 Mus musculus 146-151 25530838-11 2014 In particular, inhibition of nNOS/NO/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)/cGMP-dependent-protein kinases induced the transcriptional activity of FoxO3 and increased Mul-1 expression. Cyclic GMP 69-73 forkhead box O3 Mus musculus 146-151 25277835-1 2014 Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) have been studied in a variety of tumours; data have suggested that the levels of PDE activities are elevated and, therefore, the ratios of cGMP to cAMP are affected. Cyclic GMP 166-170 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 20-23 25283078-11 2014 SIGNIFICANCE: Study findings suggest that CNP could ameliorate IR-induced acute kidney injury through inhibition of apoptotic and oxidative stress pathways, possibly through NPR-B-cGMP signaling. Cyclic GMP 180-184 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 42-45 25025574-0 2014 Acidic pH increases cGMP accumulation through the OGR1/phospholipase C/Ca(2+)/neuronal NOS pathway in N1E-115 neuronal cells. Cyclic GMP 20-24 G protein-coupled receptor 68 Mus musculus 50-54 25025574-6 2014 The acidic pH-induced activation of the phospholipase C/Ca(2+) pathway, but not Akt/nNOS phosphorylation, was inhibited by small interfering RNA specific to OGR1 and YM-254890, an inhibitor of Gq/11 proteins, in association with the inhibition of cGMP accumulation. Cyclic GMP 247-251 G protein-coupled receptor 68 Mus musculus 157-161 25025574-8 2014 In conclusion, acidic pH stimulates cGMP accumulation preferentially through the OGR1/Gq/11 proteins/phospholipase C/Ca(2+)/nNOS in N1E-115 neuronal cells. Cyclic GMP 36-40 G protein-coupled receptor 68 Mus musculus 81-85 25348585-2 2014 Binding of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) to natriuretic receptor 2 (NPR2) generates cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), a key inhibitor that sustains porcine oocyte meiotic arrest. Cyclic GMP 155-159 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 75-78 25348585-6 2014 LH and the EGF-like peptide amphiregulin (AREG) decreased BNP and CNP production in granulosa cells and down-regulated NPR2 expression in cumulus cells, which together decreased oocyte cGMP to levels that permit meiotic resumption. Cyclic GMP 185-189 amphiregulin Homo sapiens 28-40 25348585-6 2014 LH and the EGF-like peptide amphiregulin (AREG) decreased BNP and CNP production in granulosa cells and down-regulated NPR2 expression in cumulus cells, which together decreased oocyte cGMP to levels that permit meiotic resumption. Cyclic GMP 185-189 amphiregulin Homo sapiens 42-46 24837549-6 2014 We have established that ANP-induced elevated levels of cGMP as well as cGMP analog stimulate hydrolytic activity of PDE2, leading to inhibition of adenosine-induced transcription of the TH gene. Cyclic GMP 56-60 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 117-121 24837549-6 2014 We have established that ANP-induced elevated levels of cGMP as well as cGMP analog stimulate hydrolytic activity of PDE2, leading to inhibition of adenosine-induced transcription of the TH gene. Cyclic GMP 72-76 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 117-121 24498891-0 2014 Chemerin reduces vascular nitric oxide/cGMP signalling in rat aorta: a link to vascular dysfunction in obesity? Cyclic GMP 39-43 retinoic acid receptor responder 2 Rattus norvegicus 0-8 24498891-3 2014 As NO/cGMP signalling plays a role in vascular dysfunction associated with obesity and the metabolic syndrome, we hypothesized that chemerin induces vascular dysfunction by decreasing NO/cGMP signalling. Cyclic GMP 6-10 retinoic acid receptor responder 2 Rattus norvegicus 132-140 24498891-3 2014 As NO/cGMP signalling plays a role in vascular dysfunction associated with obesity and the metabolic syndrome, we hypothesized that chemerin induces vascular dysfunction by decreasing NO/cGMP signalling. Cyclic GMP 187-191 retinoic acid receptor responder 2 Rattus norvegicus 132-140 24804968-3 2014 Recently, it was found that cGMP production in cumulus cells depends on NPR2 guanylate cyclase activated by its ligand natriuretic peptide precursor C (NPPC). Cyclic GMP 28-32 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 119-150 24804968-3 2014 Recently, it was found that cGMP production in cumulus cells depends on NPR2 guanylate cyclase activated by its ligand natriuretic peptide precursor C (NPPC). Cyclic GMP 28-32 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 152-156 24234649-5 2014 Direct Hmox1 overexpression by injection of zebrafish Hmox1 mRNA into fertilized eggs was found to be sufficient for a dystrophin-independent restoration of normal muscle via an upregulation of cGMP levels. Cyclic GMP 194-198 heme oxygenase 1a Danio rerio 7-12 24234649-5 2014 Direct Hmox1 overexpression by injection of zebrafish Hmox1 mRNA into fertilized eggs was found to be sufficient for a dystrophin-independent restoration of normal muscle via an upregulation of cGMP levels. Cyclic GMP 194-198 heme oxygenase 1a Danio rerio 54-59 24401847-4 2014 We found that activation of PKGI with the cGMP analog 8pCPT-cGMP inhibited c-Abl activity and decreased c-Abl expression in wild-type but not PKGI(-/-) MLMVEC. Cyclic GMP 42-46 c-abl oncogene 1, non-receptor tyrosine kinase Mus musculus 75-80 24401847-4 2014 We found that activation of PKGI with the cGMP analog 8pCPT-cGMP inhibited c-Abl activity and decreased c-Abl expression in wild-type but not PKGI(-/-) MLMVEC. Cyclic GMP 42-46 c-abl oncogene 1, non-receptor tyrosine kinase Mus musculus 104-109 24401847-4 2014 We found that activation of PKGI with the cGMP analog 8pCPT-cGMP inhibited c-Abl activity and decreased c-Abl expression in wild-type but not PKGI(-/-) MLMVEC. Cyclic GMP 60-64 c-abl oncogene 1, non-receptor tyrosine kinase Mus musculus 75-80 24401847-4 2014 We found that activation of PKGI with the cGMP analog 8pCPT-cGMP inhibited c-Abl activity and decreased c-Abl expression in wild-type but not PKGI(-/-) MLMVEC. Cyclic GMP 60-64 c-abl oncogene 1, non-receptor tyrosine kinase Mus musculus 104-109 24401847-10 2014 We conclude that cGMP, through activation of PKGI, inhibits c-Abl, leading to increased key antioxidant enzymes and resistance to lung endothelial oxidant injury. Cyclic GMP 17-21 c-abl oncogene 1, non-receptor tyrosine kinase Mus musculus 60-65 24424043-6 2014 The ventricular guanylyl cyclase activity and cGMP levels were reduced by 96% and 87%, respectively, in Npr1(-/-) mice; however, these parameters were amplified by 2.8-fold and 3.8-fold, respectively, in Npr1(++/++) mice. Cyclic GMP 46-50 natriuretic peptide receptor 1 Mus musculus 104-108 24277866-10 2014 Taken together, these findings suggest that NO modulates ventricular sarcK(ATP) channels via a novel sGC-cGMP-PKG-ROS(H2O2)-ERK1/2-calmodulin-CaMKII (delta isoform in particular) signalling cascade, which heightens K(ATP) channel activity by destabilizing the long closed states while facilitating closed-to-open state transitions. Cyclic GMP 105-109 calmodulin Oryctolagus cuniculus 131-141 24071364-2 2014 This biosensing bifluorophoric nanosystem has been designed to achieve detection of guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic GMP) in buffered media. Cyclic GMP 84-120 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 129-132 24108108-0 2014 AIPL1, A protein linked to blindness, is essential for the stability of enzymes mediating cGMP metabolism in cone photoreceptor cells. Cyclic GMP 90-94 aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein like 1 Homo sapiens 0-5 24108108-5 2014 Furthermore, RetGC1, a protein linked to LCA that is needed for cGMP synthesis, was dramatically reduced in cones lacking Aipl1. Cyclic GMP 64-68 aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein like 1 Homo sapiens 122-127 24108108-6 2014 A defect in RetGC1 is supported by our finding that cones lacking Aipl1 exhibited reduced levels of cGMP. Cyclic GMP 100-104 aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein like 1 Homo sapiens 66-71 24108108-7 2014 These findings are in contrast to the role of Aipl1 in rods, where destabilization of rod PDE6 results in an increase in cGMP levels, which drives rapid rod degeneration. Cyclic GMP 121-125 aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein like 1 Homo sapiens 46-51 24361899-9 2014 The results provide evidence that Ang-(1-7) most likely induces peripheral antinociceptive effects via the L-arginine/NO/cGMP pathway and KATP+ pathway activation. Cyclic GMP 121-125 angiogenin Rattus norvegicus 34-42 24184653-1 2014 3",5"-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are the only known enzymes to compartmentalize cAMP and cGMP, yet little is known about how PDEs are dynamically regulated across the lifespan. Cyclic GMP 106-110 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 24-42 24184653-1 2014 3",5"-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are the only known enzymes to compartmentalize cAMP and cGMP, yet little is known about how PDEs are dynamically regulated across the lifespan. Cyclic GMP 106-110 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 44-48 22978631-1 2014 AIMS: 8-nitroguanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (8-Nitro-cGMP) is a nitrated derivative of cGMP that is formed via cross-talk of reactive oxygen species formed by NADPH oxidase 2 and mitochondria. Cyclic GMP 59-63 cytochrome b-245 beta chain Homo sapiens 165-180 25125473-2 2014 The cAMP response element-binding (CREB) may be a universal modulator of processes required for memory formation, and increasing the levels of second messengers like cAMP and cGMP could ultimately lead to CREB activation. Cyclic GMP 175-179 cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 4-33 25125473-2 2014 The cAMP response element-binding (CREB) may be a universal modulator of processes required for memory formation, and increasing the levels of second messengers like cAMP and cGMP could ultimately lead to CREB activation. Cyclic GMP 175-179 cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 35-39 25125473-2 2014 The cAMP response element-binding (CREB) may be a universal modulator of processes required for memory formation, and increasing the levels of second messengers like cAMP and cGMP could ultimately lead to CREB activation. Cyclic GMP 175-179 cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 205-209 24126710-8 2014 Similarly, PPAR-beta-gamma antagonists markedly attenuated nifedipine-mediated upregulation of nitric oxide/cyclic GMP/PKG cascade. Cyclic GMP 108-118 peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta Homo sapiens 11-20 24126710-10 2014 CONCLUSION: This study is the first to show that the PPAR-beta/-gamma-dependent upregulation of PI(3)K/Akt/nitric oxide/cyclic GMP/PKG pathway and the inhibition of PKC-alpha activity and intracellular Ca(+) mobilization in platelets may be the mechanisms underlying the antiplatelet and antithrombotic activities of nifedipine. Cyclic GMP 120-130 peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta Homo sapiens 53-62 24057292-9 2013 RESULTS: CNP-stimulated cGMP production by the mutant NPR2 was markedly increased in patient skin fibroblasts and transfected human embryonic kidney 293 cells. Cyclic GMP 24-28 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 9-12 24204893-10 2013 In cultured embryonic hearts, NOS3 promoted transforming growth factor (TGFbeta), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP2) and Snail1expression through cGMP. Cyclic GMP 145-149 snail family zinc finger 1 Mus musculus 120-126 24144050-10 2013 In the presence of YC-1 and DEA/NO in both groups, cGMP content increased, but in ODQ-added groups, there was a significant decrease. Cyclic GMP 51-55 glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 19-23 23831687-5 2013 We observed direct and cGMP-regulated interaction between PKGI and SSG1. Cyclic GMP 23-27 coiled-coil domain containing 80 Homo sapiens 67-71 23831687-8 2013 Finally, we found that activation of PKGI with cGMP regulated SSG1 intracellular distribution. Cyclic GMP 47-51 coiled-coil domain containing 80 Homo sapiens 62-66 23526219-0 2013 Sildenafil inhibits hypoxia-induced transient receptor potential canonical protein expression in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle via cGMP-PKG-PPARgamma axis. Cyclic GMP 134-138 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma Rattus norvegicus 143-152 23526219-7 2013 The cellular cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) analogue 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate sodium salt (CPT-cGMP) (100 muM) inhibited TRPC1 and TRPC6 expression, store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE), and the proliferation and migration of PASMCs exposed to prolonged hypoxia. Cyclic GMP 45-49 transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 1 Rattus norvegicus 163-168 23526219-7 2013 The cellular cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) analogue 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate sodium salt (CPT-cGMP) (100 muM) inhibited TRPC1 and TRPC6 expression, store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE), and the proliferation and migration of PASMCs exposed to prolonged hypoxia. Cyclic GMP 45-49 transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 6 Rattus norvegicus 173-178 23526219-8 2013 The inhibition of CPT-cGMP on TRPC1 and TRPC6 expression in PASMCs was relieved by either the inhibition or knockdown of cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) expression. Cyclic GMP 22-26 transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 1 Rattus norvegicus 30-35 23526219-8 2013 The inhibition of CPT-cGMP on TRPC1 and TRPC6 expression in PASMCs was relieved by either the inhibition or knockdown of cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) expression. Cyclic GMP 22-26 transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 6 Rattus norvegicus 40-45 23526219-8 2013 The inhibition of CPT-cGMP on TRPC1 and TRPC6 expression in PASMCs was relieved by either the inhibition or knockdown of cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) expression. Cyclic GMP 22-26 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma Rattus norvegicus 161-209 23526219-8 2013 The inhibition of CPT-cGMP on TRPC1 and TRPC6 expression in PASMCs was relieved by either the inhibition or knockdown of cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) expression. Cyclic GMP 22-26 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma Rattus norvegicus 211-220 23526219-9 2013 Under hypoxic conditions, CPT-cGMP increased PPARgamma expression. Cyclic GMP 30-34 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma Rattus norvegicus 45-54 23526219-14 2013 We conclude that sildenafil inhibits TRPC1 and TRPC6 expression in PASMCs via cGMP-PKG-PPARgamma-dependent signaling during CHPH. Cyclic GMP 78-82 transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 1 Rattus norvegicus 37-42 23797095-5 2013 Inhibition of NOS2 or cGMP-cGK signaling abolishes the de novo induction of Th17 cells and selectively suppresses IL-17 production by established Th17 cells isolated from OvCa patients. Cyclic GMP 22-26 interleukin 17A Homo sapiens 114-119 23785394-10 2013 CONCLUSION: These findings suggest a link between thrombin generation and cGMP depletion in lung endothelial cells through negative regulation of the nitric oxide-cGMP pathway, possibly mediated via PAR-1, which could be of relevance in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Cyclic GMP 74-78 coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor Rattus norvegicus 199-204 23785394-10 2013 CONCLUSION: These findings suggest a link between thrombin generation and cGMP depletion in lung endothelial cells through negative regulation of the nitric oxide-cGMP pathway, possibly mediated via PAR-1, which could be of relevance in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Cyclic GMP 163-167 coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor Rattus norvegicus 199-204 23664973-4 2013 Activation of GCY-14 opens a cGMP-gated cation channel encoded by tax-2 and tax-4, resulting in Ca(2+) entry into ASEL. Cyclic GMP 29-33 Cyclic nucleotide-binding domain-containing protein Caenorhabditis elegans 66-71 23597790-4 2013 These newly designed PDE2 inhibitors bind to the PDE2 enzyme in a cGMP-like binding mode orthogonal to the cAMP-like binding mode found in PDE4. Cyclic GMP 66-70 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 21-25 23597790-4 2013 These newly designed PDE2 inhibitors bind to the PDE2 enzyme in a cGMP-like binding mode orthogonal to the cAMP-like binding mode found in PDE4. Cyclic GMP 66-70 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 49-53 23724033-2 2013 The classical role for sGCalpha1 is to heterodimerize with the sGCbeta1 subunit, forming sGC, the enzyme that mediates nitric oxide signaling by catalyzing the synthesis of cyclic guanosine monophosphate. Cyclic GMP 173-203 guanylate cyclase 1, soluble, alpha 1 Mus musculus 23-32 23724033-3 2013 Our published data show that sGCalpha1 can drive prostate cancer cell proliferation independent of hormone and provide cancer cells a pro-survival function, via a novel mechanism for p53 inhibition, both of which are independent of sGCbeta1, NO, and cGMP. Cyclic GMP 250-254 guanylate cyclase 1, soluble, alpha 1 Mus musculus 29-38 23641929-0 2013 Localization of putative binding sites for cyclic guanosine monophosphate and the anti-cancer drug 5-fluoro-2"-deoxyuridine-5"-monophosphate on ABCC11 in silico models. Cyclic GMP 43-73 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 11 Homo sapiens 144-150 23641929-9 2013 CONCLUSIONS: ABCC11 would present two binding sites for cGMP and for 5FdUMP. Cyclic GMP 56-60 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 11 Homo sapiens 13-19 23373597-8 2013 However, Adrb-mediated vasodilatation in aorta is driven by endothelial Adrb2 and Adrb3, but also by the Adrb2 present in SMCs, and is coupled to the NO/cGMP pathway. Cyclic GMP 153-157 adrenoceptor beta 3 Rattus norvegicus 9-13 23480952-6 2013 CONCLUSIONS: Our newly developed protocol offers an attractive method to produce fully matured Th1-polarizing DC with proven migratory and stimulatory capacity for any clinical application according to CGMP standards. Cyclic GMP 202-206 negative elongation factor complex member C/D Homo sapiens 95-98 23370169-5 2013 In addition, treatment of U87 cells with JS-K resulted in a dose-dependent activation of soluble guanylate cyclase and intracellular accumulation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) which was irreversibly inhibited by the selective inhibitor of soluble guanylate cyclase ODQ (1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo(4,3a)quinoxaline-1-one). Cyclic GMP 149-179 small nucleolar RNA, C/D box 87 Homo sapiens 26-29 23370169-5 2013 In addition, treatment of U87 cells with JS-K resulted in a dose-dependent activation of soluble guanylate cyclase and intracellular accumulation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) which was irreversibly inhibited by the selective inhibitor of soluble guanylate cyclase ODQ (1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo(4,3a)quinoxaline-1-one). Cyclic GMP 181-185 small nucleolar RNA, C/D box 87 Homo sapiens 26-29 23385799-0 2013 MRP4-mediated regulation of intracellular cAMP and cGMP levels in trabecular meshwork cells and homeostasis of intraocular pressure. Cyclic GMP 51-55 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4 Homo sapiens 0-4 23385799-1 2013 PURPOSE: Multidrug, resistance-associated protein-4 (MRP4) is a membrane transporter that regulates the cellular efflux of cyclic nucleotides (cAMP and cGMP) involved in various physiologic responses. Cyclic GMP 152-156 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4 Homo sapiens 9-51 23385799-1 2013 PURPOSE: Multidrug, resistance-associated protein-4 (MRP4) is a membrane transporter that regulates the cellular efflux of cyclic nucleotides (cAMP and cGMP) involved in various physiologic responses. Cyclic GMP 152-156 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4 Homo sapiens 53-57 23186653-0 2013 cGMP-PDE3-cAMP signal pathway involved in the inhibitory effect of CNP on gastric motility in rat. Cyclic GMP 0-4 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 67-70 23186653-1 2013 In the present study, we investigated the mechanism of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP)-induced inhibitory effect on spontaneous contraction of gastric antral smooth muscle to clarify CNP-NPR-B/pGC-cGMP downstream signal transduction pathway using organ bath and ELISA methods in rat. Cyclic GMP 198-202 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 55-81 23186653-1 2013 In the present study, we investigated the mechanism of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP)-induced inhibitory effect on spontaneous contraction of gastric antral smooth muscle to clarify CNP-NPR-B/pGC-cGMP downstream signal transduction pathway using organ bath and ELISA methods in rat. Cyclic GMP 198-202 progastricsin Rattus norvegicus 194-197 23186653-2 2013 CNP significantly reduced the amplitude of the spontaneous contraction and increased the contents of cGMP and cAMP in the gastric antral smooth muscle tissue. Cyclic GMP 101-105 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 0-3 23186653-3 2013 In the presence of IBMX, a non-selective phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, the inhibitory effect of CNP on spontaneous contraction was significantly suppressed; however, the production of cGMP but not cAMP was still increased by CNP. Cyclic GMP 189-193 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 101-104 23186653-3 2013 In the presence of IBMX, a non-selective phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, the inhibitory effect of CNP on spontaneous contraction was significantly suppressed; however, the production of cGMP but not cAMP was still increased by CNP. Cyclic GMP 189-193 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 230-233 23186653-5 2013 The results suggest that cGMP-PDE3-cAMP signal pathway is also involved in the CNP-induced inhibition of gastric motility in rat. Cyclic GMP 25-29 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 79-82 23709034-2 2013 The bifurcation of axons from dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons at the dorsal root entry zone of the embryonic spinal cord is triggered by a cGMP -signalling pathway comprising the ligand C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), the cGMP-producing natriuretic peptide receptor 2 (Npr2), and the cGMP-dependent protein kinase Ialpha (cGKIalpha). Cyclic GMP 142-146 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 189-215 23709034-2 2013 The bifurcation of axons from dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons at the dorsal root entry zone of the embryonic spinal cord is triggered by a cGMP -signalling pathway comprising the ligand C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), the cGMP-producing natriuretic peptide receptor 2 (Npr2), and the cGMP-dependent protein kinase Ialpha (cGKIalpha). Cyclic GMP 142-146 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 217-220 22740515-2 2012 In the present study, we investigated the novel role of the cGMP/PKG-Ialpha pathway in preventing spontaneous apoptosis, promoting colony formation and regulating phosphorylation of cAMP response element binding (CREB) protein and protein expression of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2-related proteins in NCI-H460 and A549 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Cyclic GMP 60-64 cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 213-217 22574734-9 2012 NO-induced delocalization of DAF from the lipid raft and its accumulation in caveolae are mediated through a cGMP (cyclic guanosine monophosphate) pathway. Cyclic GMP 109-113 CD55 molecule (Cromer blood group) Homo sapiens 29-32 22574734-9 2012 NO-induced delocalization of DAF from the lipid raft and its accumulation in caveolae are mediated through a cGMP (cyclic guanosine monophosphate) pathway. Cyclic GMP 115-145 CD55 molecule (Cromer blood group) Homo sapiens 29-32 22692928-4 2012 PDE3A and PDE3B hydrolyze cAMP and cGMP with high affinity in a mutually competitive manner and are regulators of a number of important cAMP- and cGMP-mediated processes. Cyclic GMP 35-39 phosphodiesterase 3B Homo sapiens 10-15 22692928-4 2012 PDE3A and PDE3B hydrolyze cAMP and cGMP with high affinity in a mutually competitive manner and are regulators of a number of important cAMP- and cGMP-mediated processes. Cyclic GMP 146-150 phosphodiesterase 3B Homo sapiens 10-15 22796708-2 2012 Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), via cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)/protein kinase G (PKG)-dependent mechanism, sensitizes renal NKA to MBG but reduces MBG-induced inhibition of vascular NKA. Cyclic GMP 38-68 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-26 22796708-2 2012 Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), via cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)/protein kinase G (PKG)-dependent mechanism, sensitizes renal NKA to MBG but reduces MBG-induced inhibition of vascular NKA. Cyclic GMP 70-74 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-26 22642440-12 2012 ADSC/BDNF-membrane treatment significantly increased smooth muscle/collagen ratio, nNOS content, phospho-eNOS protein expression, and cGMP level, compared with the BCNI and other treated groups. Cyclic GMP 134-138 brain-derived neurotrophic factor Rattus norvegicus 5-9 22411529-13 2012 This study provides evidence that PEA activates nNOS, thus initiating the NO/cGMP pathway and inducing peripheral antinociceptive effects. Cyclic GMP 77-81 nitric oxide synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus 48-52 22546233-0 2012 The inhibition of the nitric oxide-cGMP-PKG-JNK signaling pathway avoids the development of tolerance to the local antiallodynic effects produced by morphine during neuropathic pain. Cyclic GMP 35-39 mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 Mus musculus 44-47 22546233-8 2012 Our data also indicate that the peripheral nitric oxide-cGMP-PKG-JNK signaling pathway participates in the development of morphine tolerance after nerve injury and propose the inactivation of this pathway as a promising strategy to avoid morphine tolerance during neuropathic pain. Cyclic GMP 56-60 mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 Mus musculus 65-68 21809340-2 2012 In the present study, Natriuretic peptide precursor A (NPPA) induced sperm chemotaxis in capillaries and enhanced intracellular Ca(2+) level, both of which could be blocked by the Natriuretic Peptide Receptor 1 (NPR1) inhibitor anantin and the cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) inhibitors, KT5823 and Rp-8-Br-PET-cGMPS. Cyclic GMP 315-320 natriuretic peptide receptor 1 Mus musculus 180-210 21809340-2 2012 In the present study, Natriuretic peptide precursor A (NPPA) induced sperm chemotaxis in capillaries and enhanced intracellular Ca(2+) level, both of which could be blocked by the Natriuretic Peptide Receptor 1 (NPR1) inhibitor anantin and the cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) inhibitors, KT5823 and Rp-8-Br-PET-cGMPS. Cyclic GMP 315-320 natriuretic peptide receptor 1 Mus musculus 212-216 21970599-2 2012 Signaling initiated by the membrane receptor CD47 antagonizes vasodilation and angiogenesis by inhibiting synthesis of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Cyclic GMP 119-149 CD47 antigen (Rh-related antigen, integrin-associated signal transducer) Mus musculus 45-49 21970599-2 2012 Signaling initiated by the membrane receptor CD47 antagonizes vasodilation and angiogenesis by inhibiting synthesis of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Cyclic GMP 151-155 CD47 antigen (Rh-related antigen, integrin-associated signal transducer) Mus musculus 45-49 22182832-8 2012 Although both DHEA-S and DHEA directly activated in platelets the inhibitory cGMP/PGK/VASP pathway, these events were not responsible for the inhibitory action of DHEA-S in platelets. Cyclic GMP 77-81 sulfotransferase family 2A member 1 Homo sapiens 14-20 22105073-2 2012 In PDE2 and PDE5, the GAF domains mediate cGMP stimulation; however, their function in PDE10 and PDE11 remains controversial. Cyclic GMP 42-46 fibroblast growth factor 9 Homo sapiens 22-25 22058158-2 2012 We have shown that CST directly influences the basal performance of the vertebrate heart where CST dose dependently induced a nitric oxide-cGMP-dependent cardiosuppression and counteracted the effects of adrenergic stimulation through a noncompetitive antagonism. Cyclic GMP 139-143 cystatin 12, pseudogene Homo sapiens 19-22 22058158-2 2012 We have shown that CST directly influences the basal performance of the vertebrate heart where CST dose dependently induced a nitric oxide-cGMP-dependent cardiosuppression and counteracted the effects of adrenergic stimulation through a noncompetitive antagonism. Cyclic GMP 139-143 cystatin 12, pseudogene Homo sapiens 95-98 22058158-5 2012 Interaction with beta(2)-AR activated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), increased cGMP levels, and induced activation of phosphodiesterases type 2 (PDE2), which was found to be involved in the antiadrenergic action of CST as evidenced by the decreased cAMP levels. Cyclic GMP 120-124 adrenoceptor beta 2 Homo sapiens 17-27 22340479-10 2012 CONCLUSIONS: The expression of NOS isoforms and GC in human ciliary body suggest the possible involvement of NO and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cyclic GMP, cGMP) signaling pathway in the ciliary body, and may play a role in both processes of aqueous humor formation and drainage. Cyclic GMP 116-146 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 155-158 23272242-4 2012 Additionally we also confirmed, in vitro, that CD-NP significantly generates the second messenger, cGMP, through both the GC-A and GC-B receptors. Cyclic GMP 99-103 grancalcin Rattus norvegicus 122-126 22936987-8 2012 These findings demonstrated that H2 relaxin signals through a RXFP1-pERK-nNOS-NO-cGMP-dependent pathway to mediate its anti-fibrotic actions, and additionally signals through iNOS to up-regulate MMPs; the latter being suppressed by TGF-beta1 in myofibroblasts, but released upon H2 relaxin-induced inhibition of the TGF-beta1/Smad2 axis. Cyclic GMP 81-85 relaxin 2 Homo sapiens 33-35 22393355-2 2012 In the current study that combines Drosophila genetics and biochemical analysis, we show that cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent kinase II (cGKII) also phosphorylates FoxO at the same residue as LRRK2, and Drosophila orthologues of cGKII and LRRK2, DG2/For and dLRRK, respectively, enhance the neurotoxic activity of FoxO in an additive manner. Cyclic GMP 94-124 Leucine-rich repeat kinase Drosophila melanogaster 208-213 22393355-2 2012 In the current study that combines Drosophila genetics and biochemical analysis, we show that cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent kinase II (cGKII) also phosphorylates FoxO at the same residue as LRRK2, and Drosophila orthologues of cGKII and LRRK2, DG2/For and dLRRK, respectively, enhance the neurotoxic activity of FoxO in an additive manner. Cyclic GMP 94-124 Leucine-rich repeat kinase Drosophila melanogaster 255-260 22393355-2 2012 In the current study that combines Drosophila genetics and biochemical analysis, we show that cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent kinase II (cGKII) also phosphorylates FoxO at the same residue as LRRK2, and Drosophila orthologues of cGKII and LRRK2, DG2/For and dLRRK, respectively, enhance the neurotoxic activity of FoxO in an additive manner. Cyclic GMP 94-124 Leucine-rich repeat kinase Drosophila melanogaster 274-279 22393355-2 2012 In the current study that combines Drosophila genetics and biochemical analysis, we show that cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent kinase II (cGKII) also phosphorylates FoxO at the same residue as LRRK2, and Drosophila orthologues of cGKII and LRRK2, DG2/For and dLRRK, respectively, enhance the neurotoxic activity of FoxO in an additive manner. Cyclic GMP 126-130 Leucine-rich repeat kinase Drosophila melanogaster 208-213 22393355-2 2012 In the current study that combines Drosophila genetics and biochemical analysis, we show that cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent kinase II (cGKII) also phosphorylates FoxO at the same residue as LRRK2, and Drosophila orthologues of cGKII and LRRK2, DG2/For and dLRRK, respectively, enhance the neurotoxic activity of FoxO in an additive manner. Cyclic GMP 126-130 Leucine-rich repeat kinase Drosophila melanogaster 255-260 22393355-2 2012 In the current study that combines Drosophila genetics and biochemical analysis, we show that cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent kinase II (cGKII) also phosphorylates FoxO at the same residue as LRRK2, and Drosophila orthologues of cGKII and LRRK2, DG2/For and dLRRK, respectively, enhance the neurotoxic activity of FoxO in an additive manner. Cyclic GMP 126-130 Leucine-rich repeat kinase Drosophila melanogaster 274-279 22271596-8 2012 The interaction between RA-Grb14 and RLD-CNGA1 is mediated through a simple protein-protein interaction temporally and spatially regulated by light and cGMP. Cyclic GMP 152-156 cyclic nucleotide gated channel subunit alpha 1 Homo sapiens 41-46 21983071-8 2011 Characterization of the signaling pathway reveals that relaxin regulates MLC(20) dephosphorylation and lung myofibroblast contraction by inactivating RhoA/Rho-associated protein kinase through a nitric oxide/cGMP/protein kinase G-dependent mechanism. Cyclic GMP 208-212 myosin, light polypeptide 9, regulatory Mus musculus 73-79 20676745-0 2011 YC-1, a novel potential anticancer agent, inhibit multidrug-resistant protein via cGMP-dependent pathway. Cyclic GMP 82-86 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 0-4 20676745-8 2011 Moreover, the inhibition of Pgp efflux function by YC-1 was significantly reversed by NO synthase inhibitor, (L)-NAME, the sGC inhibitor, ODQ, the PKG inhibitor, Rp-8-Br-PET-cGMPS, and the PKG inhibitor KT5823. Cyclic GMP 174-179 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 51-55 20676745-10 2011 These results indicated that YC-1 inhibited Pgp efflux via the NO-cGMP-PKG-ERK signaling pathway through noncompetitive inhibition. Cyclic GMP 66-70 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 29-33 21642009-11 2011 The induction of ICER in GSNO-treated RPaSMC highlights a novel cross-talk mechanism between cGMP and cAMP signaling pathways. Cyclic GMP 93-97 cAMP responsive element modulator Homo sapiens 17-21 21498420-1 2011 AIMS: We have previously characterized a cGMP-dependent Ca(2+)-activated Cl(-) current in vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and have shown its dependence on bestrophin-3 expression. Cyclic GMP 41-45 bestrophin 3 Rattus norvegicus 159-171 21593103-0 2011 The Akt-nitric oxide-cGMP pathway contributes to nerve growth factor-mediated neurite outgrowth in apolipoprotein E knockout mice. Cyclic GMP 21-25 nerve growth factor Mus musculus 49-68 21593103-12 2011 These results suggest that in apoE(-/-) mice the Akt-NO-cGMP pathway is impaired, which may be caused by NGF-mediated CGRP-LI-neurite outgrowth defects. Cyclic GMP 56-60 nerve growth factor Mus musculus 105-108 21570464-4 2011 Transcriptional activity of an EMMPRIN luciferase promoter reporter expressed in cardiac myocytes was inhibited by NO in a cGMP-dependent manner, and this transcriptional inhibition was abolished by mutation of a putative E2F site. Cyclic GMP 123-127 basigin Mus musculus 31-38 21186937-7 2011 Since ANP activates guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase, HSL serine 660 is likely a substrate for cGMP-dependent protein kinase in human adipocytes. Cyclic GMP 20-56 lipase E, hormone sensitive type Homo sapiens 90-93 21375692-1 2011 Atrial natriuretic peptide, B-type natriuretic peptide and C-type natriuretic peptide constitute a family of three structurally related, but genetically distinct, signaling molecules that regulate the cardiovascular, skeletal, nervous, reproductive and other systems by activating transmembrane guanylyl cyclases and elevating intracellular cGMP concentrations. Cyclic GMP 341-345 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 59-85 21595896-7 2011 RESULTS: We found that ADM-induced enhancement of BRR response was blunted by microinjection of NPLA or Rp-8-Br-cGMP, a selective inhibitor of nNOS or protein kinase G (PKG) respectively, into NTS. Cyclic GMP 112-116 adrenomedullin Rattus norvegicus 23-26 21595896-7 2011 RESULTS: We found that ADM-induced enhancement of BRR response was blunted by microinjection of NPLA or Rp-8-Br-cGMP, a selective inhibitor of nNOS or protein kinase G (PKG) respectively, into NTS. Cyclic GMP 112-116 nitric oxide synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus 143-147 21586157-7 2011 RESULTS: Using fluorescent ligand binding to evaluate the integrin activation state on live cells in real-time, we show that several small molecules, which specifically modulate nitric oxide/cGMP signaling pathway, as well as a cell permeable cGMP analog, can rapidly down-modulate binding of a VLA-4 specific ligand on cells pre-activated through three Galphai-coupled receptors: wild type CXCR4, CXCR2 (IL-8RB), and a non-desensitizing mutant of formyl peptide receptor (FPR DeltaST). Cyclic GMP 191-195 C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 Homo sapiens 391-396 21586157-7 2011 RESULTS: Using fluorescent ligand binding to evaluate the integrin activation state on live cells in real-time, we show that several small molecules, which specifically modulate nitric oxide/cGMP signaling pathway, as well as a cell permeable cGMP analog, can rapidly down-modulate binding of a VLA-4 specific ligand on cells pre-activated through three Galphai-coupled receptors: wild type CXCR4, CXCR2 (IL-8RB), and a non-desensitizing mutant of formyl peptide receptor (FPR DeltaST). Cyclic GMP 243-247 C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 Homo sapiens 391-396 21480386-6 2011 We found stronger increase in cGMP levels in aggressive, VILIP-1-negative SCC cells following stimulation of guanylyl cyclases NPR-A and -B with the natriuretic peptides ANP and CNP, respectively. Cyclic GMP 30-34 natriuretic peptide receptor 1 Mus musculus 127-139 21480386-6 2011 We found stronger increase in cGMP levels in aggressive, VILIP-1-negative SCC cells following stimulation of guanylyl cyclases NPR-A and -B with the natriuretic peptides ANP and CNP, respectively. Cyclic GMP 30-34 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3' phosphodiesterase Mus musculus 178-181 21480386-8 2011 Increased cGMP was caused by elevated expression levels of NPR-A and -B. Cyclic GMP 10-14 natriuretic peptide receptor 1 Mus musculus 59-71 21526164-5 2011 The crystal structures of CNBD-A with bound cAMP or cGMP reveal that cAMP binds in either syn or anti configurations whereas cGMP binds only in a syn configuration, with a conserved threonine residue anchoring both cyclic phosphate and guanine moieties. Cyclic GMP 125-129 synemin Homo sapiens 146-149 21526164-8 2011 CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our findings suggest that CNBD-A binds cGMP in the syn conformation through its interaction with Thr193 and an unusual cis-peptide forming residues Leu172 and Cys173. Cyclic GMP 65-69 synemin Homo sapiens 77-80 21330599-2 2011 cGMP can potentially affect cAMP signals via cGMP-regulated phosphodiesterases (PDEs). Cyclic GMP 0-4 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 80-84 21330599-2 2011 cGMP can potentially affect cAMP signals via cGMP-regulated phosphodiesterases (PDEs). Cyclic GMP 45-49 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 80-84 21330599-7 2011 These opposing effects are determined by the cGMP-regulated PDEs, namely PDE2 and PDE3, with the local activity of these PDEs being critically important. Cyclic GMP 45-49 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 60-64 21330599-7 2011 These opposing effects are determined by the cGMP-regulated PDEs, namely PDE2 and PDE3, with the local activity of these PDEs being critically important. Cyclic GMP 45-49 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 73-77 21330599-7 2011 These opposing effects are determined by the cGMP-regulated PDEs, namely PDE2 and PDE3, with the local activity of these PDEs being critically important. Cyclic GMP 45-49 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 121-125 21330599-9 2011 CONCLUSIONS: cGMP signals exert opposing effects on local cAMP levels via different PDEs the activity of which is exerted in spatially distinct subcellular domains. Cyclic GMP 13-17 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 84-88 21330599-10 2011 Inhibition of PDE2 selectively abolishes the negative effects of cGMP on cAMP and may have therapeutic potential. Cyclic GMP 65-69 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 14-18 21191106-8 2011 siRNA-mediated (transient) and Lenti-shRNA-mediated (stable) gene silencing of NHERF2 (but not of NHERF1) abolished cGMP- and Ca(2+)-dependent inhibition of NHE3. Cyclic GMP 116-120 solute carrier family 9 member A3 Homo sapiens 157-161 21382339-0 2011 A guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) reporter system based on the G-kinase/CREB/CRE signal transduction pathway. Cyclic GMP 2-38 cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 84-88 21382339-0 2011 A guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) reporter system based on the G-kinase/CREB/CRE signal transduction pathway. Cyclic GMP 40-44 cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 84-88 21245148-8 2011 GLYT1 and GLYT2 are differentially sensitive to NO/cGMP/PKG-I both in brain-derived preparations and in heterologous systems expressing the recombinant transporters and P2Y(1) receptor. Cyclic GMP 51-55 solute carrier family 6 member 9 Rattus norvegicus 0-5 20656372-5 2011 We established that in rat peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), synthesis of cGMP was elevated by sodium nitroprusside (SNP), the activator of soluble GC, and by atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), the activators of particulate GC-A and GC-B, respectively. Cyclic GMP 84-88 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 206-232 20656372-5 2011 We established that in rat peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), synthesis of cGMP was elevated by sodium nitroprusside (SNP), the activator of soluble GC, and by atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), the activators of particulate GC-A and GC-B, respectively. Cyclic GMP 84-88 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 234-237 20656372-5 2011 We established that in rat peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), synthesis of cGMP was elevated by sodium nitroprusside (SNP), the activator of soluble GC, and by atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), the activators of particulate GC-A and GC-B, respectively. Cyclic GMP 84-88 grancalcin Rattus norvegicus 270-274 21098034-5 2011 IDE rapidly cleaves ANP and CNP, thus inactivating their ability to raise intracellular cGMP. Cyclic GMP 88-92 insulin degrading enzyme Homo sapiens 0-3 21307237-9 2011 We demonstrated that activation of cGMP-dependent protein kinase (cGK) increased the surface expression of GLUT3, which was repressed by Rp-8-pCPT-cGMPS, a potent cell-permeable inhibitor of cGKs. Cyclic GMP 147-152 solute carrier family 2 member 3 Homo sapiens 107-112 21214648-5 2011 Isothermal calorimetry (ITC) and differential scanning fluorimetry (DSF) analyses demonstrate that the recombinant CRP homologue preferentially binds to, and is stabilized by cGMP, but not cAMP. Cyclic GMP 175-179 catabolite gene activator protein Escherichia coli 115-118 22178885-2 2011 Uroguanylin activates cell-surface guanylate cyclase C receptor (GC-C) and modulates cellular function via cyclic GMP (cGMP), thus increasing electrolyte and net water secretion. Cyclic GMP 107-117 guanylate cyclase activator 2B Homo sapiens 0-11 22178885-2 2011 Uroguanylin activates cell-surface guanylate cyclase C receptor (GC-C) and modulates cellular function via cyclic GMP (cGMP), thus increasing electrolyte and net water secretion. Cyclic GMP 119-123 guanylate cyclase activator 2B Homo sapiens 0-11 22178885-9 2011 Our study shows that the effect of UGN on pH(i) is GC-C/cGMP-mediated and enhanced by sildenafil, thus involving PDE5 enzyme. Cyclic GMP 56-60 guanylate cyclase activator 2B Homo sapiens 35-38 20453035-8 2010 cGMP inhibits oocyte phosphodiesterase 3A (PDE3A) and a decline in oocyte cGMP results in increased PDE3A activity. Cyclic GMP 0-4 phosphodiesterase 3A, cGMP inhibited Mus musculus 43-48 20453035-8 2010 cGMP inhibits oocyte phosphodiesterase 3A (PDE3A) and a decline in oocyte cGMP results in increased PDE3A activity. Cyclic GMP 74-78 phosphodiesterase 3A, cGMP inhibited Mus musculus 100-105 21711478-1 2010 INTRODUCTION: Curcumin is an inducer of heme oxygenase enzyme-1 (HO-1) that is involved in erectile signaling via elevating cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)levels. Cyclic GMP 124-154 heme oxygenase 1 Rattus norvegicus 40-69 21711478-1 2010 INTRODUCTION: Curcumin is an inducer of heme oxygenase enzyme-1 (HO-1) that is involved in erectile signaling via elevating cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)levels. Cyclic GMP 156-160 heme oxygenase 1 Rattus norvegicus 40-69 19951064-8 2010 Hydroxyurea induced GPx1 expression in multiple cultured cell lines in a manner dependent on both p53 and NO-cGMP signaling pathways. Cyclic GMP 109-113 glutathione peroxidase 1 Homo sapiens 20-24 20085572-0 2010 C-type natriuretic peptide regulation of guanosine-3",5"-cyclic monophosphate production in human endothelial cells. Cyclic GMP 41-77 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 0-26 20642009-3 2004 STh and uroguanylin are agonistic for the GC-C receptor with nanomolar affinity, resulting in activation of the guanylyl cyclase that increases the intracellular concentration of guanosine 3,5-cyclic monophosphate. Cyclic GMP 179-213 saitohin Homo sapiens 0-3 20642009-3 2004 STh and uroguanylin are agonistic for the GC-C receptor with nanomolar affinity, resulting in activation of the guanylyl cyclase that increases the intracellular concentration of guanosine 3,5-cyclic monophosphate. Cyclic GMP 179-213 guanylate cyclase activator 2B Homo sapiens 8-19 20213343-3 2010 Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are enzymes for hydrolysis of cGMP in the brain, and they are mainly isoforms 2, 5, and 9. Cyclic GMP 56-60 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 0-18 20213343-3 2010 Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are enzymes for hydrolysis of cGMP in the brain, and they are mainly isoforms 2, 5, and 9. Cyclic GMP 56-60 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 20-24 20700369-5 2010 Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine cyclic GMP (cGMP) activity as stimulated by exogenous addition of natriuretic peptides. Cyclic GMP 68-72 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 63-66 20700369-8 2010 All three natriuretic peptides educe a cGMP response in the rank order CNP>>ANP approximately BNP indicating that the natriuretic peptide family is functional in HLE-B3 cells. Cyclic GMP 39-43 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 71-74 20015466-0 2010 Selective D1 agonism but not D2 antagonism is reflected in cAMP and cGMP levels in rat CSF. Cyclic GMP 68-72 colony stimulating factor 2 Rattus norvegicus 87-90 20015466-4 2010 Moreover, this is the first study on the effects of pharmacological treatment on cAMP and cGMP levels in rat CSF. Cyclic GMP 90-94 colony stimulating factor 2 Rattus norvegicus 109-112 20015466-5 2010 Effect of systemic treatment with a D1 receptor agonist SKF82958 and a D2 receptor antagonist haloperidol on cAMP and cGMP levels, as well as baseline cAMP and cGMP levels in CSF of rats was determined. Cyclic GMP 160-164 colony stimulating factor 2 Rattus norvegicus 175-178 20015466-6 2010 A significantly increased cAMP and cGMP level in cisternal CSF of rats systemically treated with the D1 receptor agonist SKF82958 was observed, while when treated with the D2 antagonist haloperidol, no effect on cAMP and only a slight decrease of cGMP was observed after treatment with the highest dose. Cyclic GMP 35-39 colony stimulating factor 2 Rattus norvegicus 59-62 20015466-6 2010 A significantly increased cAMP and cGMP level in cisternal CSF of rats systemically treated with the D1 receptor agonist SKF82958 was observed, while when treated with the D2 antagonist haloperidol, no effect on cAMP and only a slight decrease of cGMP was observed after treatment with the highest dose. Cyclic GMP 247-251 colony stimulating factor 2 Rattus norvegicus 59-62 20015466-7 2010 Determining cAMP and/or cGMP in CSF of experimental animals can serve as a useful tool to study neural processes affected by disease and treatment. Cyclic GMP 24-28 colony stimulating factor 2 Rattus norvegicus 32-35 20196107-3 2010 Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) degrade cyclic nucleotide second messenger cAMP and cGMP downstream of NO thereby limiting the vasodilatory response to NO. Cyclic GMP 78-82 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 0-18 20351057-3 2010 Rats receiving intra-LA infusion of the NR2B selective antagonist Ifenprodil, the NOS inhibitor 7-Ni, or the PKG inhibitor Rp-8-Br-PET-cGMPS exhibited significant decreases in ERK activation and in the training-induced expression of all three IEGs in the LA and MGm/PIN while intra-LA infusion of the PKG activator 8-Br-cGMP had the opposite effect. Cyclic GMP 135-140 glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2B Rattus norvegicus 40-44 19714395-0 2010 Nitric oxide/cGMP signalling mediates the cardioprotective action of adrenomedullin in reperfused myocardium. Cyclic GMP 13-17 adrenomedullin Mus musculus 69-83 20101000-11 2010 Cardiac cGMP content and serum atrial natriuretic peptide concentration were increased in ECE-1(+/-) mice. Cyclic GMP 8-12 endothelin converting enzyme 1 Mus musculus 90-95 20126659-4 2010 PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We have identified an Arabidopsis receptor type wall associated kinase-like molecule (AtWAKL10) as a candidate GC and provide experimental evidence to show that the intracellular domain of AtWAKL10(431-700) can generate cGMP in vitro. Cyclic GMP 240-244 WALL ASSOCIATED KINASE (WAK)-LIKE 10 Arabidopsis thaliana 106-114 20126659-4 2010 PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We have identified an Arabidopsis receptor type wall associated kinase-like molecule (AtWAKL10) as a candidate GC and provide experimental evidence to show that the intracellular domain of AtWAKL10(431-700) can generate cGMP in vitro. Cyclic GMP 240-244 WALL ASSOCIATED KINASE (WAK)-LIKE 10 Arabidopsis thaliana 209-217 20126659-7 2010 CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate that AtWAKL10 is a twin-domain, kinase-GC signaling molecule that may function in biotic stress responses that are critically dependent on the second messenger cGMP. Cyclic GMP 188-192 WALL ASSOCIATED KINASE (WAK)-LIKE 10 Arabidopsis thaliana 33-41 20001559-4 2010 The impairment of cAMP and/or cGMP generation by overexpression of PDE isoforms that has been described in various cancer pathologies, and the effects of PDE inhibitors in tumour models in vitro and in vivo, may offer promising insight into future cancer treatments because of the numerous advantages of PDE inhibitors. Cyclic GMP 30-34 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 67-70 20001559-6 2010 WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN: PDEs have been studied in a variety of tumours; data have suggested that the levels of PDE activity are elevated and, therefore, the ratio of cGMP to cAMP is affected. Cyclic GMP 169-173 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 27-30 20001559-10 2010 TAKE HOME MESSAGE: Impaired cAMP and/or cGMP generation upon overexpression of PDE isoforms has been described in various cancer pathologies. Cyclic GMP 40-44 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 79-82 20001559-11 2010 Inhibition of selective PDE isoforms, which raises the levels of intracellular cAMP and/or cGMP, induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in a broad spectrum of tumour cells and regulates the tumour microenvironment. Cyclic GMP 91-95 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 24-27 19737554-2 2009 Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) also stimulates cGMP via eNOS hence, this study aimed to investigate the role of NO in time-dependent altered vascular responses to ANP during the first 4h of exposure to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Cyclic GMP 49-53 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-26 19684186-2 2009 The aim of this study was to explore the interaction between HIF-1alpha and soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) and its second messenger cGMP in cultured cardiomyocytes exposed to hypoxia and in pressure-overloaded heart. Cyclic GMP 133-137 hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha Rattus norvegicus 61-71 19805384-3 2009 Here we show that the secreted molecule C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) induces a cGMP signaling cascade via its receptor particulate guanylyl cyclase Npr2 which is essential for sensory axon bifurcation at the dorsal root entry zone (DREZ) of the spinal cord. Cyclic GMP 83-87 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 40-66 19805384-3 2009 Here we show that the secreted molecule C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) induces a cGMP signaling cascade via its receptor particulate guanylyl cyclase Npr2 which is essential for sensory axon bifurcation at the dorsal root entry zone (DREZ) of the spinal cord. Cyclic GMP 83-87 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 68-71 19535511-0 2009 Involvement of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in cAMP- and cGMP-induced duodenal epithelial CFTR activation in mice. Cyclic GMP 58-62 cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator Mus musculus 91-95 19535511-2 2009 Therefore, the possible involvement of PI3K in the regulation of cAMP- and cGMP-induced duodenal epithelial CFTR activation was investigated in the present study. Cyclic GMP 75-79 cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator Mus musculus 108-112 19553346-8 2009 Therefore, antioxidants significantly attenuated AGE/RAGE-enhanced cellular hypertrophy partly through induction of the NO/cGMP/PKG signaling. Cyclic GMP 123-127 long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 914 Homo sapiens 53-57 19403523-6 2009 We have therefore comparatively analyzed by NMR the cGMP-bound states of the essential CBDs of PKA and EPAC, revealing key differences between them. Cyclic GMP 52-56 Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3 Homo sapiens 103-107 19403523-8 2009 Unlike PKA, cGMP is recognized by EPAC in an anti conformation and generates several short and long range perturbations. Cyclic GMP 12-16 Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3 Homo sapiens 34-38 19403523-10 2009 These observations suggest that one of the determinants of cGMP antagonism in EPAC is the modulation of the entropic control of inhibitory interactions and illustrate the pivotal role of allostery in determining signaling selectivity as a function of dynamic changes, even in the absence of significant affinity variations. Cyclic GMP 59-63 Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3 Homo sapiens 78-82 19527054-2 2009 sGC synthesis of cGMP is regulated by NO, GTP, ATP, and allosteric activators such as YC-1. Cyclic GMP 17-21 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 86-90 19635856-0 2009 Mutations reveal voltage gating of CNGA1 channels in saturating cGMP. Cyclic GMP 64-68 cyclic nucleotide gated channel subunit alpha 1 Homo sapiens 35-40 19635856-7 2009 Thus, the structure surrounding the selectivity filter has evolved to (nearly completely) suppress the expression of inherent voltage-dependent gating of CNGA1, ensuring that the binding of cGMP by itself suffices to open the channels at physiological voltages. Cyclic GMP 190-194 cyclic nucleotide gated channel subunit alpha 1 Homo sapiens 154-159 19916286-11 2009 CONCLUSION: Electroacupuncture of "Baihui" (GV 20) and "Yintang" (EX-HN 3) can upregulate the expression of nNOS and the content of cGMP in the hippocampus in depression rats, maintaining a normal activity of the NO/cGMP signaling pathway, which may contribute to its effect in relieving depression. Cyclic GMP 216-220 nitric oxide synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus 108-112 19502552-13 2009 We conclude that freshly isolated SMC express TRPC1/TRPC3 channels and that these channels are inhibited by NO/cGMP/PKG. Cyclic GMP 111-115 transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily C member 1 Homo sapiens 46-51 19487812-1 2009 Cardiac atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) modulate blood pressure and volume by activation of the receptor guanylyl cyclase-A (GC-A) and subsequent intracellular cGMP formation. Cyclic GMP 198-202 natriuretic peptide receptor 1 Mus musculus 163-167 19601896-1 2009 The present paper reviews and discusses selectivity of ABCC4 (MRP4), ABCC5 (MRP5) and ABCC11 (MRP8) as cellular efflux pumps for cAMP and cGMP. Cyclic GMP 138-142 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4 Homo sapiens 55-60 19601896-1 2009 The present paper reviews and discusses selectivity of ABCC4 (MRP4), ABCC5 (MRP5) and ABCC11 (MRP8) as cellular efflux pumps for cAMP and cGMP. Cyclic GMP 138-142 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4 Homo sapiens 62-66 19601896-1 2009 The present paper reviews and discusses selectivity of ABCC4 (MRP4), ABCC5 (MRP5) and ABCC11 (MRP8) as cellular efflux pumps for cAMP and cGMP. Cyclic GMP 138-142 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 11 Homo sapiens 86-92 19601896-1 2009 The present paper reviews and discusses selectivity of ABCC4 (MRP4), ABCC5 (MRP5) and ABCC11 (MRP8) as cellular efflux pumps for cAMP and cGMP. Cyclic GMP 138-142 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 11 Homo sapiens 94-98 19150571-15 2009 These findings are consistent with the idea that NO-cGMP pathway activators with antioxidant effects prevent the release of MMP-9 during APE. Cyclic GMP 52-56 matrix metallopeptidase 9 Canis lupus familiaris 124-129 19105197-5 2009 G-substrate, a specific substrate of cyclic guanosine 3",5"-monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase, is colocalized with amacrine cells and acts as an endogenous inhibitor of protein phosphatase. Cyclic GMP 37-73 protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 17 Mus musculus 0-11 19105197-5 2009 G-substrate, a specific substrate of cyclic guanosine 3",5"-monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase, is colocalized with amacrine cells and acts as an endogenous inhibitor of protein phosphatase. Cyclic GMP 75-79 protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 17 Mus musculus 0-11 19193626-4 2009 In rats with severe CHF (left ventricular end-diastolic pressure >15 mmHg), platelet vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP)-phosphorylation reflecting the integrity of the NO/cGMP pathway was significantly reduced (mean immunofluorescence at Ser(157): Sham, 61.4 +/- 9.1; CHF-Placebo, 37.4 +/- 4.9; P < 0.05; Ser(239): Sham, 18.1 +/- 2.5; CHF-Placebo, 13.2 +/- 0.6; P < 0.05). Cyclic GMP 184-188 vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein Rattus norvegicus 88-125 19181845-4 2009 Here, we show that bicarbonate activates cGMP-producing ability of guanylyl cyclase-D (GC-D), a membrane GC exclusively expressed in the CO(2)-responsive OSNs, by directly acting on the intracellular cyclase domain of GC-D. Cyclic GMP 41-45 guanylate cyclase 2d Mus musculus 67-85 19181845-4 2009 Here, we show that bicarbonate activates cGMP-producing ability of guanylyl cyclase-D (GC-D), a membrane GC exclusively expressed in the CO(2)-responsive OSNs, by directly acting on the intracellular cyclase domain of GC-D. Cyclic GMP 41-45 guanylate cyclase 2d Mus musculus 87-91 19181845-4 2009 Here, we show that bicarbonate activates cGMP-producing ability of guanylyl cyclase-D (GC-D), a membrane GC exclusively expressed in the CO(2)-responsive OSNs, by directly acting on the intracellular cyclase domain of GC-D. Cyclic GMP 41-45 guanylate cyclase 2d Mus musculus 218-222 18840097-2 2009 Light stimulates cGMP hydrolysis via the G-protein transducin, which directly binds to and activates phosphodiesterase. Cyclic GMP 17-21 guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha transducing 1 Mus musculus 51-61 19064814-8 2009 Also, thrombin and SLIGRL, but not TFLLR, stimulated cGMP production. Cyclic GMP 53-57 coagulation factor II, thrombin Bos taurus 6-14 19187097-3 2009 Here, we show that activation of cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) hallmarks photoreceptor degeneration in rd1 and rd2 human homologous mouse models. Cyclic GMP 33-37 phosphodiesterase 6B Homo sapiens 109-112 19187097-3 2009 Here, we show that activation of cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) hallmarks photoreceptor degeneration in rd1 and rd2 human homologous mouse models. Cyclic GMP 33-37 peripherin 2 Homo sapiens 117-120 18693294-6 2009 The activity of guanylyl cyclase was determined by the amount of cGMP generated in responses to sodium nitroprusside (SNP) or ANP. Cyclic GMP 65-69 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 126-129 18693294-11 2009 The cGMP production provoked by either SNP or ANP was not changed. Cyclic GMP 4-8 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 46-49 19089327-12 2009 The PDE tandem GAF domains can functionally substitute for the tandem of the cyanobacterial AC CyaB1; e.g. cGMP-regulation is grafted onto the AC using tandem GAFs from PDEs 2, 5 and 11. Cyclic GMP 107-111 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 4-7 18952057-1 2008 The cGMP producing natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B) and its ligand C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) are widely distributed in the brain and are highly expressed in the hippocampal regions CA1-CA3. Cyclic GMP 4-8 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 73-99 18952057-1 2008 The cGMP producing natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B) and its ligand C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) are widely distributed in the brain and are highly expressed in the hippocampal regions CA1-CA3. Cyclic GMP 4-8 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 101-104 18952057-1 2008 The cGMP producing natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B) and its ligand C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) are widely distributed in the brain and are highly expressed in the hippocampal regions CA1-CA3. Cyclic GMP 4-8 carbonic anhydrase 1 Homo sapiens 194-197 18952057-6 2008 The observed pre-and postsynaptic effects after CNP stimulation of the cGMP pathway in hippocampal cell cultures may underlie the effect of the peptide hormone on LTP. Cyclic GMP 71-75 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 48-51 18957291-2 2008 The present study aimed to reveal the ability of PDE5 and PDE2 inhibitors, that increase cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and both cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cGMP, respectively, to reverse an object recognition deficit induced by acute tryptophan depletion. Cyclic GMP 89-119 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 58-62 18957291-2 2008 The present study aimed to reveal the ability of PDE5 and PDE2 inhibitors, that increase cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and both cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cGMP, respectively, to reverse an object recognition deficit induced by acute tryptophan depletion. Cyclic GMP 121-125 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 58-62 18957291-2 2008 The present study aimed to reveal the ability of PDE5 and PDE2 inhibitors, that increase cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and both cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cGMP, respectively, to reverse an object recognition deficit induced by acute tryptophan depletion. Cyclic GMP 178-182 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 58-62 18655195-1 2008 We have characterized the various phosphodiesterases (PDE) that degrade cyclic GMP in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum using the microdialysis technique to measure in vivo extracellular cyclic GMP in awake rats. Cyclic GMP 72-82 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 34-52 18655195-1 2008 We have characterized the various phosphodiesterases (PDE) that degrade cyclic GMP in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum using the microdialysis technique to measure in vivo extracellular cyclic GMP in awake rats. Cyclic GMP 72-82 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 54-57 18655195-1 2008 We have characterized the various phosphodiesterases (PDE) that degrade cyclic GMP in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum using the microdialysis technique to measure in vivo extracellular cyclic GMP in awake rats. Cyclic GMP 204-214 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 34-52 18655195-1 2008 We have characterized the various phosphodiesterases (PDE) that degrade cyclic GMP in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum using the microdialysis technique to measure in vivo extracellular cyclic GMP in awake rats. Cyclic GMP 204-214 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 54-57 18655195-7 2008 This is the first in vivo functional study showing that, in cortex, PDE1, -2, and -5/9 degrade cGMP, with PDE9 probably playing a major role; in hippocampus, PDE5/9 and PDE1 are mainly involved and seem almost equally active, but PDE2 and -3 also contribute; in cerebellum, PDE5/9 are the main cGMP hydrolyzing enzymes, but also PDE1 and -4 significantly operate. Cyclic GMP 95-99 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 68-84 18655195-7 2008 This is the first in vivo functional study showing that, in cortex, PDE1, -2, and -5/9 degrade cGMP, with PDE9 probably playing a major role; in hippocampus, PDE5/9 and PDE1 are mainly involved and seem almost equally active, but PDE2 and -3 also contribute; in cerebellum, PDE5/9 are the main cGMP hydrolyzing enzymes, but also PDE1 and -4 significantly operate. Cyclic GMP 95-99 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 230-241 18655195-7 2008 This is the first in vivo functional study showing that, in cortex, PDE1, -2, and -5/9 degrade cGMP, with PDE9 probably playing a major role; in hippocampus, PDE5/9 and PDE1 are mainly involved and seem almost equally active, but PDE2 and -3 also contribute; in cerebellum, PDE5/9 are the main cGMP hydrolyzing enzymes, but also PDE1 and -4 significantly operate. Cyclic GMP 294-298 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 68-84 18775416-5 2008 Next, we revealed that CNP derived from the lbab allele retained only slight activity to induce cGMP production through its receptor. Cyclic GMP 96-100 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 23-26 18775416-5 2008 Next, we revealed that CNP derived from the lbab allele retained only slight activity to induce cGMP production through its receptor. Cyclic GMP 96-100 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 44-48 18752656-3 2008 In the present study, we examined the role of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), which increases intracellular cGMP upon binding to its receptor, guanylyl cyclase (GC)-B, in the peripheral nervous system. Cyclic GMP 110-114 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 46-72 18752656-3 2008 In the present study, we examined the role of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), which increases intracellular cGMP upon binding to its receptor, guanylyl cyclase (GC)-B, in the peripheral nervous system. Cyclic GMP 110-114 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 74-77 18455250-11 2008 The content of cGMP was dose dependently stimulated by ANF but not modified by cANP (4-23 amide). Cyclic GMP 15-19 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 55-58 18832566-4 2008 In slice electrophysiology experiments, bath application of Rp-8-Br-PET-cGMPS or the guanylyl cyclase inhibitor LY83583 impaired LTP at thalamic, but not cortical inputs to the LA, while bath application of 8-Br-cGMP or the guanylyl cyclase activator YC-1 resulted in enhanced LTP at thalamic inputs to the LA. Cyclic GMP 72-77 glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 251-255 18832566-5 2008 Interestingly, YC-1-induced enhancement of LTP in the LA was reversed by concurrent application of the MEK inhibitor U0126, suggesting that the NO-cGMP-PKG signaling pathway may promote synaptic plasticity and fear memory formation in the LA, in part by activating the ERK/MAPK signaling cascade. Cyclic GMP 147-151 glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 15-19 18564357-0 2008 High expression of the cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase, PDE9A, in sickle cell disease (SCD) and the effects of its inhibition in erythroid cells and SCD neutrophils. Cyclic GMP 23-27 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 56-61 18564357-2 2008 As the inhibition of phosphodiesterases (PDEs), which regulate intracellular cGMP, can result in tissue-specific elevation of cGMP, we studied the gene expressions of cGMP-specific PDEs (-1A, -5A and -9A) in the reticulocytes and neutrophils of healthy controls, steady-state SCD patients and SCD patients on hydroxycarbamide therapy (SCDHC). Cyclic GMP 77-81 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 21-39 18564357-2 2008 As the inhibition of phosphodiesterases (PDEs), which regulate intracellular cGMP, can result in tissue-specific elevation of cGMP, we studied the gene expressions of cGMP-specific PDEs (-1A, -5A and -9A) in the reticulocytes and neutrophils of healthy controls, steady-state SCD patients and SCD patients on hydroxycarbamide therapy (SCDHC). Cyclic GMP 77-81 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 41-45 18564357-2 2008 As the inhibition of phosphodiesterases (PDEs), which regulate intracellular cGMP, can result in tissue-specific elevation of cGMP, we studied the gene expressions of cGMP-specific PDEs (-1A, -5A and -9A) in the reticulocytes and neutrophils of healthy controls, steady-state SCD patients and SCD patients on hydroxycarbamide therapy (SCDHC). Cyclic GMP 126-130 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 21-39 18564357-2 2008 As the inhibition of phosphodiesterases (PDEs), which regulate intracellular cGMP, can result in tissue-specific elevation of cGMP, we studied the gene expressions of cGMP-specific PDEs (-1A, -5A and -9A) in the reticulocytes and neutrophils of healthy controls, steady-state SCD patients and SCD patients on hydroxycarbamide therapy (SCDHC). Cyclic GMP 126-130 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 41-45 18564357-2 2008 As the inhibition of phosphodiesterases (PDEs), which regulate intracellular cGMP, can result in tissue-specific elevation of cGMP, we studied the gene expressions of cGMP-specific PDEs (-1A, -5A and -9A) in the reticulocytes and neutrophils of healthy controls, steady-state SCD patients and SCD patients on hydroxycarbamide therapy (SCDHC). Cyclic GMP 126-130 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 21-39 18564357-2 2008 As the inhibition of phosphodiesterases (PDEs), which regulate intracellular cGMP, can result in tissue-specific elevation of cGMP, we studied the gene expressions of cGMP-specific PDEs (-1A, -5A and -9A) in the reticulocytes and neutrophils of healthy controls, steady-state SCD patients and SCD patients on hydroxycarbamide therapy (SCDHC). Cyclic GMP 126-130 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 41-45 18554750-4 2008 Here, we determined that 30-fold to greater than 100-fold more CNP(lbab) was required to activate NPR-B as compared to wild-type CNP in whole cell cGMP elevation and membrane guanylyl cyclase assays. Cyclic GMP 147-151 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 63-66 18590724-0 2008 Enhancement of active shuttle avoidance response by the NO-cGMP-PKG activator YC-1. Cyclic GMP 59-63 glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 78-82 18590724-3 2008 YC-1 enhanced the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) in amygdala through NO-cGMP-PKG-ERK pathway and the increase of BDNF expression. Cyclic GMP 83-87 glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 0-4 18590724-6 2008 The enhancement of learning behavior by YC-1 was antagonized by intracerebroventricular injection of NOS inhibitor l-NAME, PKG inhibitor Rp-8-Br-PET-cGMPS and MEK inhibitor PD98059, indicating that NO-cGMP-PKG and ERK pathways are involved in the learning potentiating action of YC-1. Cyclic GMP 149-154 glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 40-44 18590724-9 2008 Taken together, these findings suggest that NO-cGMP-PKG-ERK signaling pathway is involved in the action of YC-1 in enhancing the fear memory. Cyclic GMP 47-51 glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 107-111 18515408-2 2008 Our previous data demonstrate that hyperoxia in rat pups upregulates expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA and protein, disrupts NO-cGMP signaling, and impairs cAMP production in airway smooth muscle. Cyclic GMP 154-158 brain-derived neurotrophic factor Rattus norvegicus 83-116 18515408-2 2008 Our previous data demonstrate that hyperoxia in rat pups upregulates expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA and protein, disrupts NO-cGMP signaling, and impairs cAMP production in airway smooth muscle. Cyclic GMP 154-158 brain-derived neurotrophic factor Rattus norvegicus 118-122 18430067-15 2008 Furthermore, NHERF binding is necessary for lysophosphatidic acid stimulation of NHE3 and inhibition of NHE3 by Ca(2+), cAMP and cGMP. Cyclic GMP 129-133 solute carrier family 9 member A3 Homo sapiens 104-108 18455513-7 2008 RESULTS: We found significant negative correlations between pro-MMP-9 levels and plasma nitrite (P=0.035, rs= -0.159), nitrate (P=0.040, rs= -0.158), and cGMP (P=0.011, rs= -0.189) concentrations. Cyclic GMP 154-158 matrix metallopeptidase 9 Homo sapiens 64-69 18514181-3 2008 Both NO and CNP stimulate the synthesis of cGMP and thus the activation of common downstream pathways. Cyclic GMP 43-47 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 12-15 18379773-4 2008 The cGMP dose response and blockage by TEA+ and Cd2+ were instead significantly different in CNGA1 and CNGA1cys-free channels, but not in CNGA1 and CNGA1tandem channels. Cyclic GMP 4-8 cyclic nucleotide gated channel subunit alpha 1 Homo sapiens 93-98 18379773-4 2008 The cGMP dose response and blockage by TEA+ and Cd2+ were instead significantly different in CNGA1 and CNGA1cys-free channels, but not in CNGA1 and CNGA1tandem channels. Cyclic GMP 4-8 cyclic nucleotide gated channel subunit alpha 1 Homo sapiens 103-108 18379773-4 2008 The cGMP dose response and blockage by TEA+ and Cd2+ were instead significantly different in CNGA1 and CNGA1cys-free channels, but not in CNGA1 and CNGA1tandem channels. Cyclic GMP 4-8 cyclic nucleotide gated channel subunit alpha 1 Homo sapiens 103-108 18379773-4 2008 The cGMP dose response and blockage by TEA+ and Cd2+ were instead significantly different in CNGA1 and CNGA1cys-free channels, but not in CNGA1 and CNGA1tandem channels. Cyclic GMP 4-8 cyclic nucleotide gated channel subunit alpha 1 Homo sapiens 103-108 18514190-1 2008 3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK1) phosphorylates and activates several kinases in the cAMP-dependent, cGMP-dependent and protein kinase C (AGC) family. Cyclic GMP 113-117 pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 Homo sapiens 0-37 18514190-1 2008 3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK1) phosphorylates and activates several kinases in the cAMP-dependent, cGMP-dependent and protein kinase C (AGC) family. Cyclic GMP 113-117 pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 Homo sapiens 39-43 18456811-3 2008 However, several cAMP-independent CRP variants (termed CRP*) exist that can be further activated by both adenosine and cGMP, as well as by cAMP. Cyclic GMP 119-123 catabolite gene activator protein Escherichia coli 34-37 18456811-3 2008 However, several cAMP-independent CRP variants (termed CRP*) exist that can be further activated by both adenosine and cGMP, as well as by cAMP. Cyclic GMP 119-123 catabolite gene activator protein Escherichia coli 55-59 18501878-7 2008 cGMP levels in the cultured forebrain neurons were also increased when cells were stimulated with DEANO in the presence of the selective PDE inhibitors BAY 60-7550 (PDE2), sildenafil (PDE5), or the mixed type inhibitor papaverine (PDE2,5,10). Cyclic GMP 0-4 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 165-169 18501878-7 2008 cGMP levels in the cultured forebrain neurons were also increased when cells were stimulated with DEANO in the presence of the selective PDE inhibitors BAY 60-7550 (PDE2), sildenafil (PDE5), or the mixed type inhibitor papaverine (PDE2,5,10). Cyclic GMP 0-4 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 231-235 18524954-7 2008 Sensation of CO2 is promoted by the cGMP-gated ion channel subunits TAX-2 and TAX-4, but other pathways are also important. Cyclic GMP 36-40 Cyclic nucleotide-binding domain-containing protein Caenorhabditis elegans 68-73 18524955-4 2008 This response is mediated by a cGMP signaling pathway that includes the cGMP-gated heteromeric channel TAX-2/TAX-4. Cyclic GMP 31-35 Cyclic nucleotide-binding domain-containing protein Caenorhabditis elegans 103-108 18524955-4 2008 This response is mediated by a cGMP signaling pathway that includes the cGMP-gated heteromeric channel TAX-2/TAX-4. Cyclic GMP 72-76 Cyclic nucleotide-binding domain-containing protein Caenorhabditis elegans 103-108 18384933-0 2008 Novel signals mediating the functions of somatostatin: the emerging role of NO/cGMP. Cyclic GMP 79-83 somatostatin Homo sapiens 41-53 18384933-7 2008 Recently, a NO/cGMP pathway has been shown to mediate the functions of somatostatin and its receptors. Cyclic GMP 15-19 somatostatin Homo sapiens 71-83 18216183-0 2008 Organic anion transporter 2 (SLC22A7) is a facilitative transporter of cGMP. Cyclic GMP 71-75 solute carrier family 22 member 7 Homo sapiens 0-27 18216183-0 2008 Organic anion transporter 2 (SLC22A7) is a facilitative transporter of cGMP. Cyclic GMP 71-75 solute carrier family 22 member 7 Homo sapiens 29-36 18216183-4 2008 In particular, we showed that hOAT2 (SLC22A7), a member of the solute carrier (SLC) superfamily, was a facilitative transporter for cGMP and other guanine nucleotides. Cyclic GMP 132-136 solute carrier family 22 member 7 Homo sapiens 30-35 18216183-4 2008 In particular, we showed that hOAT2 (SLC22A7), a member of the solute carrier (SLC) superfamily, was a facilitative transporter for cGMP and other guanine nucleotides. Cyclic GMP 132-136 solute carrier family 22 member 7 Homo sapiens 37-44 18216183-6 2008 Among purine and pyrimidine nucleobases, nucleosides, and nucleotides, hOAT2 showed the greatest preference for cGMP, which transported cGMP with a K(m) value of 88 +/- 11 muM and exhibited between 50- and 100-fold enhanced uptake over control cells. Cyclic GMP 112-116 solute carrier family 22 member 7 Homo sapiens 71-76 18216183-6 2008 Among purine and pyrimidine nucleobases, nucleosides, and nucleotides, hOAT2 showed the greatest preference for cGMP, which transported cGMP with a K(m) value of 88 +/- 11 muM and exhibited between 50- and 100-fold enhanced uptake over control cells. Cyclic GMP 136-140 solute carrier family 22 member 7 Homo sapiens 71-76 18216183-7 2008 Our data revealed that hOAT2 is a bidirectional facilitative transporter that can control both intracellular and extracellular levels of cGMP. Cyclic GMP 137-141 solute carrier family 22 member 7 Homo sapiens 23-28 18216183-9 2008 We conclude that hOAT2 is a highly efficient, facilitative transporter of cGMP and may be involved in cGMP signaling in many tissues. Cyclic GMP 74-78 solute carrier family 22 member 7 Homo sapiens 17-22 18216183-9 2008 We conclude that hOAT2 is a highly efficient, facilitative transporter of cGMP and may be involved in cGMP signaling in many tissues. Cyclic GMP 102-106 solute carrier family 22 member 7 Homo sapiens 17-22 18664174-2 2008 CNP can bind with specific G-protein coupling receptor -natriuretic peptide receptor-B (NPR-B) and elevate cellular cGMP level by activating guanylate cyclase. Cyclic GMP 116-120 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 0-3 18303857-7 2008 Treatment with the cholesterol depleting agent, methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (MCD), significantly inhibited CNGA3 and CNGA1 activation in response to cGMP stimulation. Cyclic GMP 146-150 cyclic nucleotide gated channel subunit alpha 1 Homo sapiens 114-119 18193160-5 2008 Thrombospondin-1 binding to CD47 inhibits NO signaling by preventing cGMP synthesis and activation of its target cGMP-dependent protein kinase. Cyclic GMP 69-73 CD47 molecule Homo sapiens 28-32 18179459-1 2008 INTRODUCTION: Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels can be regulated by heme oxygenase-1 and 2 (HO-1 and HO-2)-derived carbon monoxide (CO). Cyclic GMP 14-44 heme oxygenase 1 Rattus norvegicus 79-101 18179459-1 2008 INTRODUCTION: Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels can be regulated by heme oxygenase-1 and 2 (HO-1 and HO-2)-derived carbon monoxide (CO). Cyclic GMP 14-44 heme oxygenase 1 Rattus norvegicus 103-107 18179459-1 2008 INTRODUCTION: Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels can be regulated by heme oxygenase-1 and 2 (HO-1 and HO-2)-derived carbon monoxide (CO). Cyclic GMP 46-50 heme oxygenase 1 Rattus norvegicus 79-101 18179459-1 2008 INTRODUCTION: Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels can be regulated by heme oxygenase-1 and 2 (HO-1 and HO-2)-derived carbon monoxide (CO). Cyclic GMP 46-50 heme oxygenase 1 Rattus norvegicus 103-107 18039662-6 2008 These effects are mediated by cGMP- and cAMP-dependent protein kinases that phosphorylate Rap1GAP2 at serine 7, adjacent to the 14-3-3 binding site. Cyclic GMP 30-34 RAP1 GTPase activating protein 2 Homo sapiens 90-98 20641301-0 2004 4-(3-Cyclopentoxy-4-[(11)C]methoxy-phenyl)pyrrolidin-2-one Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are composed of at least 11 families of enzymes that hydrolyze cyclic 3 ,5 -adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and/or 3 ,5 -guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) to the corresponding inactive 5 -AMP and 5 -GMP, respectively (1, 2). Cyclic GMP 199-228 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 231-234 17702953-9 2007 At 1 and 10 pM, CNP did not affect cAMP or guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) levels, but at higher concentrations it increased cGMP and diminished cAMP content. Cyclic GMP 137-141 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 16-19 17956270-2 2007 Several mammalian PDE isoforms possess N-terminal GAF (found in cGMP PDEs, Anabaena adenylate cyclases and Escherichia coli FhlA; where FhlA is formate hydrogen lyase transcriptional activator) domains that bind cyclic nucleotides. Cyclic GMP 64-68 fibroblast growth factor 9 Homo sapiens 50-53 17902145-10 2007 CONCLUSIONS: Alterations in sGC subunit protein expression during the first post-natal month, and increased BNP levels during the second post-natal month contribute to elevations in plasma and lung tissue cGMP in lambs with increased pulmonary blood flow. Cyclic GMP 205-209 natriuretic peptides B Ovis aries 108-111 17996136-10 2007 CONCLUSION: beta(3)-AR antagonist SR59230A can block the beta(3)-AR-NOS-cGMP pathway and improve cardiac function in heart failure in rat when if is administered for a long term. Cyclic GMP 72-76 adrenoceptor beta 3 Rattus norvegicus 12-22 17996136-10 2007 CONCLUSION: beta(3)-AR antagonist SR59230A can block the beta(3)-AR-NOS-cGMP pathway and improve cardiac function in heart failure in rat when if is administered for a long term. Cyclic GMP 72-76 adrenoceptor beta 3 Rattus norvegicus 57-67 17673145-7 2007 YC-1, in a cGMP-independent manner, inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced Akt activation, IkappaBalpha degradation and NF-kappaB translocation, all of which are associated with co-stimulatory molecules expression. Cyclic GMP 11-15 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 0-4 17635857-13 2007 These findings show that PGE(2) elicits EP4 receptor-mediated, endothelium-dependent stimulation of eNOS activity by dephosphorylation at Thr(495) resulting in guanylyl cyclase-dependent vasorelaxation and accumulation of cGMP in aortic rings. Cyclic GMP 222-226 prostaglandin E receptor 4 (subtype EP4) Mus musculus 40-43 17561940-1 2007 The ubiquitous second messenger cyclic GMP (cGMP) is synthesized by soluble guanylate cyclases in response to nitric oxide (NO) and degraded by phosphodiesterases (PDE). Cyclic GMP 44-48 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 39-42 17531330-9 2007 The gain of cAMP, i.e., change in cAMP efflux concentration in terms of cGMP was attenuated in the hyperthyroid compared to euthyroid atria. Cyclic GMP 72-76 antimicrobial protein CAP18 Oryctolagus cuniculus 34-38 17531330-13 2007 The present study demonstrates that altered role of CNP-activated pGC-cGMP-PDE3-cAMP signaling is involved in the pathophysiology of hyperthyroid heart. Cyclic GMP 70-74 antimicrobial protein CAP18 Oryctolagus cuniculus 80-84 17707440-0 2007 Sodium nitroprusside activates p38 mitogen activated protein kinase through a cGMP/PKG independent mechanism. Cyclic GMP 78-82 adapter molecule crk Gallus gallus 31-34 17515453-11 2007 Ad.PRS-nNOS restored cGMP levels in the SHR to those seen in the WKY atria. Cyclic GMP 21-25 nitric oxide synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus 7-11 17482833-1 2007 Exposure to nitrates causes tachyphylaxis to nitric oxide (NO), which reduces the effects of the second messenger cyclic guanosine-3",-5"-monophosphate (cyclic GMP). Cyclic GMP 114-151 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 160-163 17322279-9 2007 These results suggest that the impairment of cGMP production as a marker of NO production is possibly due to the blunted endothelial NOS activity resulting from the downregulation of endothelial NOS protein, accumulation of endogenous NOS inhibitors, and accelerated arginase activity in PAECs of PH rats. Cyclic GMP 45-49 nitric oxide synthase 3 Rattus norvegicus 121-136 17341596-6 2007 Step-wise deletion of the IL-6 promoter demonstrated a cAMP response element to be critical for transcriptional effects of cGMP, and experiments with dominant interfering proteins showed that cGMP activation of the promoter required cAMP response element binding-related proteins, and, to a lesser extent, proteins of the CAAT enhancer-binding protein and activator protein-1 (Fos/Jun) families. Cyclic GMP 192-196 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Homo sapiens 356-375 17341596-6 2007 Step-wise deletion of the IL-6 promoter demonstrated a cAMP response element to be critical for transcriptional effects of cGMP, and experiments with dominant interfering proteins showed that cGMP activation of the promoter required cAMP response element binding-related proteins, and, to a lesser extent, proteins of the CAAT enhancer-binding protein and activator protein-1 (Fos/Jun) families. Cyclic GMP 192-196 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Homo sapiens 377-380 17336931-9 2007 Guanylyl cyclase-B, a receptor for CNP, was expressed in myocarditic heart, and cyclic guanosine monophosphate was elevated by CNP infusion. Cyclic GMP 80-110 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 35-38 17336931-9 2007 Guanylyl cyclase-B, a receptor for CNP, was expressed in myocarditic heart, and cyclic guanosine monophosphate was elevated by CNP infusion. Cyclic GMP 80-110 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 127-130 17389385-4 2007 The crystal structures of the catalytic domains of the D674A and D564N mutants of PDE10A2 in complex with cAMP and cGMP reveal that two substrates bind to the active site with the same syn configuration but different orientations and interactions. Cyclic GMP 115-119 synemin Homo sapiens 185-188 17389385-6 2007 The structures suggest that the syn configurations of cAMP and cGMP are the genuine substrates for PDE10 and the specificity is achieved through the different interactions and conformations of the substrates. Cyclic GMP 63-67 synemin Homo sapiens 32-35 17250805-5 2007 The decrease in cell surface AQP5 by NO was abolished by simultaneous treatment with methyl-beta-cyclodextrin, but not with ODQ, an inhibitor of the cGMP-dependent pathway. Cyclic GMP 149-153 aquaporin 5 Mus musculus 29-33 17250805-7 2007 These data indicate that NO stimulates AQP5 internalization from the plasma membrane through a cGMP-independent mechanism, and decreases membrane water permeability. Cyclic GMP 95-99 aquaporin 5 Mus musculus 39-43 17302738-3 2007 cGMP is the ligand for the GAF domains in PDEs 2, 5, 6 and 11, and cAMP is the ligand for PDE10. Cyclic GMP 0-4 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 42-46 17302738-7 2007 Segmental replacements in the highly divergent beta1-beta3 region of the GAF B subdomain of cyaB1 by the corresponding PDE2 regions switched signalling from cAMP to cGMP. Cyclic GMP 165-169 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 119-123 17210830-8 2007 The Ca2+ ionophore A23187 stimulated eNOS phosphorylation, as well as cGMP production, and pretreatment with intracellular or extracellular Ca2+ chelators inhibited thrombin-induced eNOS phosphorylation and cGMP production. Cyclic GMP 207-211 coagulation factor II, thrombin Bos taurus 165-173 17141339-4 2007 Analysis of substrate specificity, sensitivity to inhibitors, and subcellular localization showed that PDE2 and PDE3 are the main cGMP-regulated PDE isoforms in PEMs. Cyclic GMP 130-134 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 103-107 17141339-10 2007 Taken together, our results show that in rat PMs expression of cGMP-dependent PDEs positively correlates with the activation state of cells. Cyclic GMP 63-67 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 78-82 17141339-11 2007 Moreover, the fact that most of these PDEs hydrolyze also cAMP indicates that cGMP can play a role of potent regulator of cAMP signaling in macrophages. Cyclic GMP 78-82 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 38-42 17263797-7 2007 Further, using pharmacological NOS blockers, or adenoviral vectors expressing dominant-negative either for nNOS or soluble guanylate cyclase in vivo and in vitro, we show that the NO-cGMP pathway induces endogenous galanin in DRG neurons. Cyclic GMP 183-187 nitric oxide synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus 107-111 16920816-0 2007 cGMP signals mainly through cAMP kinase in permeabilized murine aorta. Cyclic GMP 0-4 cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 28-32 16583314-5 2007 Notable molecular mechanisms of AM include cyclic adenosine monophosphate, guanosine-3",5"-monophosphate, PI3K/Akt and MAPK-ERK-mediated cascades. Cyclic GMP 75-104 adrenomedullin Homo sapiens 32-34 17167749-2 2007 NO is a membrane-permeant molecule, which activates soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) and leads to the formation of cyclic GMP (cGMP) in target cells. Cyclic GMP 125-129 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 120-123 17229149-5 2007 Whereas cGMP transport into human vesicles was efficiently inhibited by the ABCC4-specific substrate prostaglandin E1, cGMP transport into mouse vesicles was inhibited equally by Abcg2 and Abcc4 inhibitors/substrates. Cyclic GMP 8-12 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4 Homo sapiens 76-81 17145168-6 2007 The elevated levels of cellular cGMP were noted to enhance the expression of TIMP-1 and HSP47 in KF. Cyclic GMP 32-36 serpin family H member 1 Homo sapiens 88-93 17124499-1 2006 cGMP-inhibited cAMP phosphodiesterase 3A (PDE3A) is expressed in mouse oocytes, and its function is indispensable for meiotic maturation as demonstrated by genetic ablation. Cyclic GMP 0-4 phosphodiesterase 3A, cGMP inhibited Mus musculus 42-47 17615954-9 2006 The inhibitory effect of CNP was mimicked by 8-Br-cGMP, a membrane permeable cGMP analogue, which suggests that CNP could inhibit pacemaker currents via NPR-B-particulate guanylate cyclase (pGC)-cGMP signal pathway. Cyclic GMP 50-54 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 25-28 17615954-9 2006 The inhibitory effect of CNP was mimicked by 8-Br-cGMP, a membrane permeable cGMP analogue, which suggests that CNP could inhibit pacemaker currents via NPR-B-particulate guanylate cyclase (pGC)-cGMP signal pathway. Cyclic GMP 50-54 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 112-115 17615954-9 2006 The inhibitory effect of CNP was mimicked by 8-Br-cGMP, a membrane permeable cGMP analogue, which suggests that CNP could inhibit pacemaker currents via NPR-B-particulate guanylate cyclase (pGC)-cGMP signal pathway. Cyclic GMP 77-81 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 25-28 17615954-9 2006 The inhibitory effect of CNP was mimicked by 8-Br-cGMP, a membrane permeable cGMP analogue, which suggests that CNP could inhibit pacemaker currents via NPR-B-particulate guanylate cyclase (pGC)-cGMP signal pathway. Cyclic GMP 77-81 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 112-115 16920709-0 2006 Suppression of cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase is essential to the Wnt/cGMP/Ca2+ pathway. Cyclic GMP 75-79 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 22-25 16820142-2 2006 Thrombospondin-1 is a potent antagonist of NO/cGMP signaling in endothelial cells. Cyclic GMP 46-50 thrombospondin 1 Mus musculus 0-16 16820142-8 2006 Thrombospondin-1 and CD36 ligation inhibited NO responses in VSMC by preventing cGMP accumulation. Cyclic GMP 80-84 thrombospondin 1 Mus musculus 0-16 16820142-9 2006 Thrombospondin-1 null VSMC responses to NO and cGMP signaling were enhanced relative to wild type murine VSMC. Cyclic GMP 47-51 thrombospondin 1 Mus musculus 0-16 16847148-11 2006 Adenoviral nNOS increased right atrial nNOS protein expression and cGMP content. Cyclic GMP 67-71 nitric oxide synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus 11-15 16739165-8 2006 Confocal microscopy revealed that all nNOS-positive SPN contain cGMP and confirmed a strain-specific anatomical arrangement of SPN cell clusters. Cyclic GMP 64-68 nitric oxide synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus 38-42 16870726-3 2006 The cGMP-gated cationic conductance associated with AQP1 is activated by an endogenous receptor guanylate cyclase for atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). Cyclic GMP 4-8 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 118-144 16899286-6 2006 Results suggest that resveratrol and YC-1 could activate the proteins of the NO-cyclic GMP-PKG spinal pathway or large-conductance Ca2+ -activated, but not ATP-sensitive, K+ channels at the spinal cord in order to produce at least part of their antiallodynic effect in this model of neuropathy. Cyclic GMP 80-90 glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 37-41 16739995-0 2006 Analysis of the cGMP/cAMP interactome using a chemical proteomics approach in mammalian heart tissue validates sphingosine kinase type 1-interacting protein as a genuine and highly abundant AKAP. Cyclic GMP 16-20 A-kinase anchoring protein 1 Homo sapiens 190-194 16672668-10 2006 This study illustrates a novel biological role of NO in regulating the expression of GFAP in astrocytes through the GC-cGMP-PKG pathway that may participate in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. Cyclic GMP 119-123 glial fibrillary acidic protein Homo sapiens 85-89 16514069-4 2006 Here, we demonstrate that PDE1A, a Ca2+-calmodulin-stimulated PDE preferentially hydrolyzing cGMP, is predominantly cytoplasmic in medial "contractile" VSMCs but is nuclear in neointimal "synthetic" VSMCs. Cyclic GMP 93-97 phosphodiesterase 1A Homo sapiens 26-31 16514069-9 2006 Inhibiting PDE1A also led to intracellular cGMP elevation, p27Kip1 upregulation, cyclin D1 downregulation, and p53 activation. Cyclic GMP 43-47 phosphodiesterase 1A Homo sapiens 11-16 16540399-5 2006 Results show that the *NO/cGMP/cAMP signaling mechanism enhanced the phosphorylation of the transcription factor cAMP-response element-binding protein, elevated the cAMP-response element-promoter activity and induced the expression of immunoproteasomal subunits (LMP2 and LMP7). Cyclic GMP 26-30 proteasome (prosome, macropain) subunit, beta type 9 (large multifunctional peptidase 2) Mus musculus 263-267 16540399-5 2006 Results show that the *NO/cGMP/cAMP signaling mechanism enhanced the phosphorylation of the transcription factor cAMP-response element-binding protein, elevated the cAMP-response element-promoter activity and induced the expression of immunoproteasomal subunits (LMP2 and LMP7). Cyclic GMP 26-30 proteasome (prosome, macropain) subunit, beta type 8 (large multifunctional peptidase 7) Mus musculus 272-276 16540399-8 2006 The *NO/cGMP/cAMP signaling pathway mitigates transferrin-iron-mediated oxidative stress and apoptosis through induction of immunoproteasomes. Cyclic GMP 8-12 transferrin Mus musculus 46-57 16519534-2 2006 The two main receptors of NP, membrane-bound guanylyl cyclases A and B (GC-A and GC-B), mediate the effects of NPs via the generation of cGMP. Cyclic GMP 137-141 natriuretic peptide receptor 1 Mus musculus 45-70 16382016-11 2006 Recently, a cGMP-independent signaling pathway for GN and UGN was also shown in principal cells of the human and mouse cortical collecting duct. Cyclic GMP 12-16 guanylate cyclase activator 2B Homo sapiens 58-61 16210344-1 2006 Cyclic GMP (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase II (Prkg2, cGK II) was identified as a potential target of the progesterone receptor (Nr3c3) in the mouse ovary based on microarray analyses. Cyclic GMP 0-10 progesterone receptor Mus musculus 106-127 16210344-1 2006 Cyclic GMP (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase II (Prkg2, cGK II) was identified as a potential target of the progesterone receptor (Nr3c3) in the mouse ovary based on microarray analyses. Cyclic GMP 0-10 progesterone receptor Mus musculus 129-134 16210344-1 2006 Cyclic GMP (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase II (Prkg2, cGK II) was identified as a potential target of the progesterone receptor (Nr3c3) in the mouse ovary based on microarray analyses. Cyclic GMP 12-16 progesterone receptor Mus musculus 106-127 16210344-1 2006 Cyclic GMP (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase II (Prkg2, cGK II) was identified as a potential target of the progesterone receptor (Nr3c3) in the mouse ovary based on microarray analyses. Cyclic GMP 12-16 progesterone receptor Mus musculus 129-134 16600513-9 2006 Furthermore, incubation of retinal cultures in the C-type natriuretic peptide-containing medium elevated cGMP immunoreactivity in the GABAergic amacrine cells, and the C-type natriuretic peptide effect on the glutamate current was mimicked by application of 8-Br-cGMP. Cyclic GMP 105-109 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 51-77 16600513-10 2006 It is therefore concluded that C-type natriuretic peptide may modulate the glutamate current by increasing the intracellular concentration of cGMP in these cells via activation of natriuretic peptide receptor-B. Cyclic GMP 142-146 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 31-57 16167338-13 2005 To determinate the pathways that may mediate prolidase induction by NO, we first used 8-Br-cGMP, a cGMP agonist, and found that 8-Br-cGMP strongly and rapidly stimulated prolidase activity accompanied by increased phosphorylation. Cyclic GMP 91-95 peptidase D Homo sapiens 45-54 16167338-13 2005 To determinate the pathways that may mediate prolidase induction by NO, we first used 8-Br-cGMP, a cGMP agonist, and found that 8-Br-cGMP strongly and rapidly stimulated prolidase activity accompanied by increased phosphorylation. Cyclic GMP 91-95 peptidase D Homo sapiens 170-179 16167338-14 2005 Rp-8-Br-pCPT-cGMP, an inhibitor of cGMP, reduced NO donor-stimulated prolidase activity to control levels. Cyclic GMP 13-17 peptidase D Homo sapiens 69-78 16192518-1 2005 UNLABELLED: Cyclic guanosine 3",5"-monophosphate (cyclic GMP) has been implicated in modulating the effects of anesthesia. Cyclic GMP 12-48 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 57-60 16200208-0 2005 Atrial natriuretic peptide promotes cardiomyocyte survival by cGMP-dependent nuclear accumulation of zyxin and Akt. Cyclic GMP 62-66 zyxin Mus musculus 101-106 16200208-1 2005 This study delineates a mechanism for antiapoptotic signaling initiated by atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) stimulation leading to elevation of cGMP levels and subsequent nuclear accumulation of Akt kinase associated with zyxin, a cytoskeletal LIM-domain protein. Cyclic GMP 144-148 zyxin Mus musculus 222-227 16200208-3 2005 Nuclear translocation of zyxin triggered by cGMP also promotes nuclear Akt accumulation. Cyclic GMP 44-48 zyxin Mus musculus 25-30 16200208-7 2005 Myocardial nuclear accumulation of zyxin and Akt responds similarly in vivo following treatment of mice with ANP or cGMP. Cyclic GMP 116-120 zyxin Mus musculus 35-40 16200208-8 2005 Thus, zyxin and activated Akt participate in a cGMP-dependent signaling cascade leading from ANP receptors to nuclear accumulation of both molecules. Cyclic GMP 47-51 zyxin Mus musculus 6-11 16055922-2 2005 We previously showed that C/EBPbeta participates in cGMP-regulated transcription of c-fos in osteoblasts (Chen, Y., Zhuang, S., Cassenaer, S., Casteel, D. E., Gudi, T., Boss, G. R., and Pilz, R. B. Cyclic GMP 52-56 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Homo sapiens 84-89 16112105-0 2005 Interference of neutrophil-platelet interaction by YC-1: a cGMP-dependent manner on heterotypic cell-cell interaction. Cyclic GMP 59-63 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 51-55 16112105-16 2005 YC-1 inhibits fMLP-induced neutrophil from releasing cathepsin G via a cGMP-dependent pathway. Cyclic GMP 71-75 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 0-4 15905209-4 2005 Specificity for only one member of the NHERF family in one example of NHE3 regulation, inhibition by elevation in cGMP, is used to describe how NHERF family proteins are involved in NHE3 complex formation and its regulation. Cyclic GMP 114-118 solute carrier family 9 member A3 Homo sapiens 70-74 15905209-4 2005 Specificity for only one member of the NHERF family in one example of NHE3 regulation, inhibition by elevation in cGMP, is used to describe how NHERF family proteins are involved in NHE3 complex formation and its regulation. Cyclic GMP 114-118 solute carrier family 9 member A3 Homo sapiens 182-186 15950964-0 2005 YC-1-inhibited proliferation of rat mesangial cells through suppression of cyclin D1-independent of cGMP pathway and partially reversed by p38 MAPK inhibitor. Cyclic GMP 100-104 glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 0-4 15955028-6 2005 Carbachol stimulation of M(3) and M(4) muscarinic AChR increased contractility, IPs accumulation, NOS activity and cGMP production. Cyclic GMP 115-119 cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 2 subunit Rattus norvegicus 50-54 15955028-17 2005 They, in turn, exert a modulator inhibitory cGMP-mediated mechanism limiting the effect of muscarinic AChR stimulation of the bladder. Cyclic GMP 44-48 cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 2 subunit Rattus norvegicus 102-106 15653716-8 2005 Exogenous administration of kallikrein also led to increased nitric oxide (NO)/cGMP and cAMP levels, and reduced NAD(P)H oxidase activities, superoxide formation and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Cyclic GMP 79-83 kallikrein related peptidase 4 Homo sapiens 28-38 15857669-0 2005 Retinal G-substrate, potential downstream component of NO/cGMP/PKG pathway, is located in subtype of retinal ganglion cells and amacrine cells with protein phosphatases. Cyclic GMP 58-62 protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 17 Rattus norvegicus 8-19 15722353-4 2005 This gene encodes a receptor for C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) that positively regulates longitudinal bone growth by producing cGMP in response to CNP binding to the extracellular domain. Cyclic GMP 130-134 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 33-59 15722353-4 2005 This gene encodes a receptor for C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) that positively regulates longitudinal bone growth by producing cGMP in response to CNP binding to the extracellular domain. Cyclic GMP 130-134 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 61-64 15722353-4 2005 This gene encodes a receptor for C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) that positively regulates longitudinal bone growth by producing cGMP in response to CNP binding to the extracellular domain. Cyclic GMP 130-134 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 150-153 15811509-0 2005 Calcium/calmodulin-dependent nitric oxide synthase activity in the CNS of Aplysia californica: biochemical characterization and link to cGMP pathways. Cyclic GMP 136-140 nitric oxide synthase Aplysia californica 29-50 15811509-1 2005 We characterized enzymatic activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the central nervous system of Aplysia californica, a popular experimental model in cellular and system neuroscience, and provided biochemical evidence for NO-cGMP signaling in molluscs. Cyclic GMP 228-232 nitric oxide synthase Aplysia californica 39-60 15715928-8 2005 In SMC pretreated with Ver, the absorbance of cells stimulated by PE decreased by 22.0% and was further inhibited by the additional treatment of SNAP and Sp-8-pCPT-cGMPS. Cyclic GMP 164-169 Sp8 transcription factor Rattus norvegicus 154-158 15715928-10 2005 In addition, Ver inhibited PE-induced intracellular Ca2+ variations, which could be further inhibited by SNAP and Sp-8-pCPT-cGMPS, but not by Rp-8-pCPT-cGMPS. Cyclic GMP 124-129 Sp8 transcription factor Rattus norvegicus 114-118 15607731-3 2005 In this study, we examined cGMP-dependent phosphorylation of proteins in rat brain and found that one of the possible substrates was myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS), an actin-binding membrane-associated protein that regulates cell adhesion. Cyclic GMP 27-31 myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate Rattus norvegicus 180-186 15544851-13 2005 ANF effects are mediated by NPR-A receptors coupled to guanylate cyclase and cGMP as second messenger. Cyclic GMP 77-81 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-3 15988069-3 2005 Furthermore, all known dimeric PDEs with the exception of retinal rod guanosine 3",5"-cyclic-monophosphate PDE (PDE6) are homodimeric enzymes. Cyclic GMP 70-106 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 31-34 15988069-3 2005 Furthermore, all known dimeric PDEs with the exception of retinal rod guanosine 3",5"-cyclic-monophosphate PDE (PDE6) are homodimeric enzymes. Cyclic GMP 70-106 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 112-116 15320870-7 2004 Inhibition of mitochondrial respiration by NO triggered a rapid, cGMP-independent enhancement of GLUT3-mediated glucose uptake through a mechanism that did not involve transporter translocation. Cyclic GMP 65-69 solute carrier family 2 member 3 Homo sapiens 97-102 15297306-6 2004 Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) transport codistributed with MRP4 detection in subcellular fractions, with highest activities in the dense granule and plasma membrane fractions. Cyclic GMP 39-69 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4 Homo sapiens 106-110 15297306-6 2004 Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) transport codistributed with MRP4 detection in subcellular fractions, with highest activities in the dense granule and plasma membrane fractions. Cyclic GMP 71-75 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4 Homo sapiens 106-110 15380624-5 2004 Increased levels of cGMP appeared to be causally involved in the suppression of AA-NAT activity by SNP, as non-hydrolysable analogues of cGMP and the cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor zaprinast also significantly suppressed AA-NAT activity, while an inhibitor of soluble guanylate cyclase blocked the effect of SNP. Cyclic GMP 20-24 aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase Homo sapiens 80-86 15380624-5 2004 Increased levels of cGMP appeared to be causally involved in the suppression of AA-NAT activity by SNP, as non-hydrolysable analogues of cGMP and the cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor zaprinast also significantly suppressed AA-NAT activity, while an inhibitor of soluble guanylate cyclase blocked the effect of SNP. Cyclic GMP 20-24 aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase Homo sapiens 238-244 15599707-9 2004 In contrast, the 7-rhamnoglucoside of hesperetin, hesperidin (10 microM-0.1 mM), was inactive in practically all experiments, although it inhibited basal and cGMP-activated PDE2 isolated from platelets (IC(50) values of 32+/-4 microM and 137+/-34 microM respectively). Cyclic GMP 158-162 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 173-177 15556616-5 2004 S100B senses increments in free Ca2+, undergoes conformational change, binds to the domain amino acids (aa) Gly962-Asn981 and via the transduction domain aa Ile1030-Gln1041 activates ROS-GC1, generating the second messenger, cyclic GMP. Cyclic GMP 225-235 S100 calcium binding protein B Bos taurus 0-5 15386443-6 2004 Cyclic GMP (250-1000 muM) significantly inhibited (p < 0.01) the specific activities of catalase, acyl CoA oxidase and dihydroxyacetone-phosphate acyltransferase (DHAPATase) in human dermal fibroblasts, and treatment of cells with 1-5 mM of carnitine significantly (p < 0.001) reduced the inhibitory effects of cGMP on peroxisomal enzyme activities. Cyclic GMP 317-321 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 7-10 15312981-6 2004 Recent transfection studies suggest that members of the MRP (multidrug resistance protein) family; MRP4, MRP5 and MRP8 translocate cGMP across the cell membrane. Cyclic GMP 131-135 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4 Homo sapiens 99-103 15312981-6 2004 Recent transfection studies suggest that members of the MRP (multidrug resistance protein) family; MRP4, MRP5 and MRP8 translocate cGMP across the cell membrane. Cyclic GMP 131-135 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 11 Homo sapiens 114-118 15312984-0 2004 Sequential activation of soluble guanylate cyclase, protein kinase G and cGMP-degrading phosphodiesterase is necessary for proper induction of long-term potentiation in CA1 of hippocampus. Cyclic GMP 73-77 carbonic anhydrase 1 Homo sapiens 169-172 15087280-11 2004 This work shows the cGMP-mediated attenuation of IRP binding activity by ANP, which results in increased hepatic ferritin levels. Cyclic GMP 20-24 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 73-76 15177925-6 2004 DNP as well as atrial natriuretic peptide and C-type natriuretic peptide caused dose-dependent increases in cGMP production in the purified membrane of colonic tissues. Cyclic GMP 108-112 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 46-72 15253727-10 2004 Kallikrein gene transfer significantly increased nitric oxide and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels in conjunction with reduced salt-induced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADH/NADPH) oxidase activity, superoxide production, transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) mRNA and protein levels, and TGF-beta1 immunostaining. Cyclic GMP 66-96 kallikrein related peptidase 4 Homo sapiens 0-10 15253727-10 2004 Kallikrein gene transfer significantly increased nitric oxide and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels in conjunction with reduced salt-induced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADH/NADPH) oxidase activity, superoxide production, transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) mRNA and protein levels, and TGF-beta1 immunostaining. Cyclic GMP 98-102 kallikrein related peptidase 4 Homo sapiens 0-10 15282266-6 2004 Our results support a model in which cGMP production by Gyc76C facilitates Sema-1a-plexin A-mediated defasciculation of motor axons, allowing for the generation of neuromuscular connectivity in the developing Drosophila embryo. Cyclic GMP 37-41 Semaphorin 1a Drosophila melanogaster 75-82 15282266-6 2004 Our results support a model in which cGMP production by Gyc76C facilitates Sema-1a-plexin A-mediated defasciculation of motor axons, allowing for the generation of neuromuscular connectivity in the developing Drosophila embryo. Cyclic GMP 37-41 Plexin A Drosophila melanogaster 83-91 15220933-4 2004 Avoidance of high oxygen levels by C. elegans requires the sensory cGMP-gated channel tax-2/tax-4 and a specific soluble guanylate cyclase homologue, gcy-35. Cyclic GMP 67-71 Cyclic nucleotide-binding domain-containing protein Caenorhabditis elegans 86-91 15210993-1 2004 Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are enzymes controlling cellular concentrations of the second messengers cAMP and cGMP. Cyclic GMP 126-130 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 38-42 15210993-2 2004 The crystal structure of the catalytic domain of PDE9A2, a member of a PDE family specifically hydrolyzing cGMP, has been determined at 2.23-A resolution. Cyclic GMP 107-111 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 49-52 15210993-3 2004 The PDE9A2 catalytic domain closely resembles the cAMP-specific PDE4D2 but is significantly different from the cGMP-specific PDE5A1, implying that each individual PDE family has its own characteristic substrate recognition mechanism. Cyclic GMP 111-115 phosphodiesterase 9A Homo sapiens 4-7 15184671-8 2004 STZ-diabetic rats transfected with AAVCMVT19NRhoA had a reduction in RhoA/Rho-kinase and MYPT-1 phosphorylation at a time when cavernosal eNOS protein, constitutive NOS activity, and cGMP levels were restored to levels found in the control rats. Cyclic GMP 183-187 ras homolog family member A Rattus norvegicus 45-49 14762100-5 2004 Indeed, NCX-4016 causes a long-lasting (up to 12 h) release of NO and cGMP accumulation in HUVEC. Cyclic GMP 70-74 T cell leukemia homeobox 2 Homo sapiens 8-11 15111609-12 2004 ADM increased intracellular cAMP and decreased intracellular cGMP levels dose dependently (10(-10)-10(-7) M) in RPE. Cyclic GMP 61-65 adrenomedullin Homo sapiens 0-3 15111609-15 2004 CONCLUSIONS: ADM inhibits the migration of RPE cells in vitro by a mechanism that involves the reciprocal upregulation of cAMP and downregulation of cGMP, in association with reductions in [Ca2+]i. Cyclic GMP 149-153 adrenomedullin Homo sapiens 13-16 14713286-7 2004 The unique testis-enriched expression of mGC-G, which is completely different from the broader tissue distribution of rat GC-G, suggests the existence of as-yet-unidentified ligands and unappreciated species-specific physiological functions mediated through mGC-G/cGMP signalling in the testis. Cyclic GMP 264-268 glucagon Rattus norvegicus 42-46 14988225-4 2004 CNP and SIN-1 increased cGMP and cAMP efflux in a concentration-dependent manner. Cyclic GMP 24-28 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 0-3 14988225-6 2004 The changes in cAMP efflux concentration in terms of cGMP were much more prominent in the atria treated with CNP than in the atria treated with SIN-1. Cyclic GMP 53-57 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 109-112 14988225-10 2004 The decreases in terms of cGMP efflux concentration were much more prominent in the atria treated with CNP than in the atria treated with SIN-1 or BAY. Cyclic GMP 26-30 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 103-106 14759496-5 2004 The effect of light was also counteracted by the nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside and C-type natriuretic peptide, both of which increase cGMP levels, and by the calcium channel agonist Bay K 8644, which prevents the cGMP-decrease-induced closure of cGMP-gated calcium channels. Cyclic GMP 144-148 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 93-119 14630722-4 2004 Functional activity was proved by ANP- induced cGMP accumulation in isolated seminiferous tubules. Cyclic GMP 47-51 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 34-37 14630722-7 2004 These findings raise the possibility of novel physiological roles for ANP and cGMP in the testis related to germ cell maturation and/or the regulation of the onset of puberty and suggest that the two ANP receptors function in a coordinated manner at this target organ. Cyclic GMP 78-82 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 200-203 15003309-1 2004 OBJECTIVE: Fetal hemoglobin inducers such as hemin, butyrate, and hydroxyurea stimulate gamma-globin gene expression by activating the cyclic GMP (cGMP)-dependent pathway. Cyclic GMP 135-145 hemoglobin subunit gamma 1 Homo sapiens 88-100 15003309-1 2004 OBJECTIVE: Fetal hemoglobin inducers such as hemin, butyrate, and hydroxyurea stimulate gamma-globin gene expression by activating the cyclic GMP (cGMP)-dependent pathway. Cyclic GMP 147-151 hemoglobin subunit gamma 1 Homo sapiens 88-100 15003309-10 2004 cAMP and cGMP may have differential roles in the regulation of gamma-globin gene expression in erythroid cells. Cyclic GMP 9-13 hemoglobin subunit gamma 1 Homo sapiens 63-75 15136973-16 2004 The released ANP circulates to the kidneys where it acts through renal ANPR-As and the consequent increase in cGMP to produce natriuresis. Cyclic GMP 110-114 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 13-16 14871194-2 2004 Low concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) produced by NO-synthase I (NOS I) and NOS III activate intracellular soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) to produce intracellular cyclic guanosine 3":5"-monophosphate (cGMP), which triggers rapid cellular responses such as cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and apoptosis under physiological conditions. Cyclic GMP 204-208 nitric oxide synthase 3 Rattus norvegicus 78-85 14762788-9 2004 CONCLUSIONS: A small molecule CFTR blocker markedly reduced intestinal ion and fluid secretion caused by cAMP/cGMP-dependent bacterial enterotoxins. Cyclic GMP 110-114 cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator Mus musculus 30-34 14643890-3 2004 Earlier studies showed that ABCC4 functions as an ATP-driven export pump for cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP, as well as estradiol-17-beta-D-glucuronide. Cyclic GMP 92-102 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4 Homo sapiens 28-33 14742673-6 2004 Bilateral NTS microinjection of a cell-permeable cGMP analog, 8-bromoguanosine-3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (10 nmol) significantly elevated the level of pCREB or c-fos mRNA in the NTS. Cyclic GMP 49-53 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 161-166 14742673-8 2004 We conclude that NO derived from nNOS in the NTS on baroreceptor activation may participate in c-fos expression via phosphorylation of CREB in a process that engages the sGC/cGMP/PKG-I signaling cascade. Cyclic GMP 174-178 nitric oxide synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus 33-37 14742673-8 2004 We conclude that NO derived from nNOS in the NTS on baroreceptor activation may participate in c-fos expression via phosphorylation of CREB in a process that engages the sGC/cGMP/PKG-I signaling cascade. Cyclic GMP 174-178 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 95-100 15019937-0 2004 Agrin-induced AChR aggregate formation requires cGMP and aggregate maturation requires activation of cGMP-dependent protein kinase. Cyclic GMP 48-52 agrin Homo sapiens 0-5 15019937-3 2004 Therefore, we hypothesized that sGC and cGMP are involved in the agrin signaling cascade. Cyclic GMP 40-44 agrin Homo sapiens 65-70 14732212-5 2004 YC-1 abolished these apoptotic signaling cascades and prevented apoptosis through a cGMP-involved pathway, and phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase behaved a downstream event in this pathway. Cyclic GMP 84-88 glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 0-4 14732212-6 2004 CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that YC-1 inhibits sodium nitroprusside-induced vascular smooth muscle cells apoptosis via a cGMP- and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-involved inhibition on Bcl-2 down-regulation/cytochrome c release/caspase-3 activation cascades. Cyclic GMP 128-132 glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 40-44 14675035-5 2004 RESULTS: In wild-type mice using a modified renal clearance model, GN, UGN, and STa elicited significant natriuresis, kaliuresis, and diuresis as well as increased urinary cGMP levels in a time- and dose-dependent fashion. Cyclic GMP 172-176 guanylate cyclase activator 2a (guanylin) Mus musculus 67-69 14675035-10 2004 CONCLUSION: GN, UGN, and STa act on the mouse kidney, in part, through a cGMP-dependent, GC-C-independent mechanism, causing significant natriuresis by renal tubular processes. Cyclic GMP 73-77 guanylate cyclase activator 2a (guanylin) Mus musculus 12-14 14750595-6 2004 Functionally therefore, the retGC2 and GCAP2 mutations are similar in reducing the feedback inhibition of Ca2+ on cyclase activity and thereby on cGMP levels in the photoreceptors. Cyclic GMP 146-150 guanylate cyclase 2F, retinal Homo sapiens 28-34 14609817-2 2003 C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) and its receptor guanylyl cyclase (GC-B) are expressed in the heart and modulate cardiac contractility in a cGMP-dependent manner. Cyclic GMP 141-145 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 0-26 14609817-2 2003 C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) and its receptor guanylyl cyclase (GC-B) are expressed in the heart and modulate cardiac contractility in a cGMP-dependent manner. Cyclic GMP 141-145 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 28-31 14609817-15 2003 Taken together, our data indicate that PKG I is a downstream target activated by the CNP/GC-B/cGMP-signalling pathway in cardiac myocytes. Cyclic GMP 94-98 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 85-88 14609817-16 2003 cGMP/PKG I-stimulated phosphorylation of PLB and subsequent activation of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump appear to mediate the positive inotropic and lusitropic responses to CNP. Cyclic GMP 0-4 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 180-183 14645672-0 2003 Soluble guanylyl cyclase activator YC-1 inhibits human neutrophil functions through a cGMP-independent but cAMP-dependent pathway. Cyclic GMP 86-90 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 35-39 14569089-7 2003 The NO donors S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine and cGMP both inhibited stretch-induced RhoA and Erk activation and stress fiber formation. Cyclic GMP 50-54 ras homolog family member A Rattus norvegicus 86-90 14569089-8 2003 Infection of MC with the RhoA mutant RhoA-Ala188, which is resistant to NO-dependent phosphorylation, abrogated the effects of NO and cGMP on stretch-induced Erk activation and stress fiber formation. Cyclic GMP 134-138 ras homolog family member A Rattus norvegicus 25-29 14569089-8 2003 Infection of MC with the RhoA mutant RhoA-Ala188, which is resistant to NO-dependent phosphorylation, abrogated the effects of NO and cGMP on stretch-induced Erk activation and stress fiber formation. Cyclic GMP 134-138 ras homolog family member A Rattus norvegicus 37-41 14569089-9 2003 The authors conclude that the early activation of RhoA is essential for stretch-induced actin stress fiber formation and Erk activation in MC, events which are prevented by NO and cGMP through their action on RhoA. Cyclic GMP 180-184 ras homolog family member A Rattus norvegicus 50-54 14569089-9 2003 The authors conclude that the early activation of RhoA is essential for stretch-induced actin stress fiber formation and Erk activation in MC, events which are prevented by NO and cGMP through their action on RhoA. Cyclic GMP 180-184 ras homolog family member A Rattus norvegicus 209-213 12946946-9 2003 These alterations are prevented by sildenafil, indicating a major role of the NO/cyclic GMP pathway in CH-induced altered RhoA signaling in the pulmonary artery. Cyclic GMP 81-91 ras homolog family member A Rattus norvegicus 122-126 14526231-1 2003 Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) plays an important role in the regulation of water and sodium in the body via cyclic GMP (cGMP) pathway. Cyclic GMP 111-121 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-26 14526231-1 2003 Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) plays an important role in the regulation of water and sodium in the body via cyclic GMP (cGMP) pathway. Cyclic GMP 123-127 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-26 14583135-0 2003 CNP-induced changes in pHi, cGMP/cAMP and mRNA expression of natriuretic peptide receptors in human trabecular meshwork cells. Cyclic GMP 28-32 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 0-3 12919948-4 2003 We found that cGMP-elevating agents such as the NO donor S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), reduced TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB-dependent reporter gene expression in rat aortic VSMCs in a cGMP-dependent manner. Cyclic GMP 230-234 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 100-126 12919948-4 2003 We found that cGMP-elevating agents such as the NO donor S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), reduced TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB-dependent reporter gene expression in rat aortic VSMCs in a cGMP-dependent manner. Cyclic GMP 230-234 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 128-131 12919948-6 2003 Inhibition of cGMP-inhibited cAMP-hydrolyzing phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE3) blocked SNAP- and CNP-elicited effects on NF-kappaB-dependent transcription. Cyclic GMP 14-18 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 91-94 12919948-9 2003 These results suggest that SNAP and CNP exert inhibitory effects on NF-kappaB-dependent transcription by activation of PKA via cGMP-dependent inhibition of PDE3 activity. Cyclic GMP 127-131 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 36-39 12957877-3 2003 Using two distinct approaches, we have demonstrated that insulin rapidly stimulates MBP and simultaneously inhibits RhoA/Rho kinase signaling via the nitric oxide (NO)/cGMP signaling pathway. Cyclic GMP 168-172 ras homolog family member A Rattus norvegicus 116-120 12957877-5 2003 Firstly, insulin inactivates Rho kinase by blocking RhoA activation and translocation to the membrane fraction via increased cGMP/cGK-1( mediated RhoA phosphorylation and decreased geranylgeranylation. Cyclic GMP 125-129 ras homolog family member A Rattus norvegicus 146-150 12714323-10 2003 Our results indicate that NO decreases aortic smooth muscle cell motility via a cGMP-mediated mechanism, involving upregulation of PTP-PEST, in turn inducing dephosphorylation of p130cas, and likely involving Cas-Crk dissociation as a downstream event. Cyclic GMP 80-84 BCAR1 scaffold protein, Cas family member Rattus norvegicus 179-186 12882929-2 2003 Both attenuated neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)-cGMP system and tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-R) Na channels in dorsal root ganglion neurons may be involved in diabetic hyperalgesia. Cyclic GMP 54-58 nitric oxide synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus 16-46 12882929-2 2003 Both attenuated neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)-cGMP system and tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-R) Na channels in dorsal root ganglion neurons may be involved in diabetic hyperalgesia. Cyclic GMP 54-58 nitric oxide synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus 48-52 12882929-9 2003 These results suggest that LY is effective for treating diabetic hyperalgesia through ameliorating the decrease in the nNOS-cGMP system. Cyclic GMP 124-128 nitric oxide synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus 119-123 12909191-1 2003 C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) and endothelin-1 are paracrine peptides with opposing effects on cardiac myocyte contraction and intracellular cGMP production. Cyclic GMP 144-148 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 28-31 12909191-15 2003 Endothelin-1 protects cardiac myocytes against CNP-induced apoptosis by influencing the cGMP-dependent pathway, and this effect is probably mediated through both a reduction of cGMP and antagonism of the CNP-induced reduction of intracellular ornithine decarboxylase expression. Cyclic GMP 88-92 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 47-50 12909191-15 2003 Endothelin-1 protects cardiac myocytes against CNP-induced apoptosis by influencing the cGMP-dependent pathway, and this effect is probably mediated through both a reduction of cGMP and antagonism of the CNP-induced reduction of intracellular ornithine decarboxylase expression. Cyclic GMP 88-92 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 204-207 12909191-15 2003 Endothelin-1 protects cardiac myocytes against CNP-induced apoptosis by influencing the cGMP-dependent pathway, and this effect is probably mediated through both a reduction of cGMP and antagonism of the CNP-induced reduction of intracellular ornithine decarboxylase expression. Cyclic GMP 177-181 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 47-50 12916716-13 2003 Hence, the circadian clock in the chick pineal appears to drive either CNP secretion or mGC-B expression (or synthetic efficiency) in order to elevate nocturnal cGMP. Cyclic GMP 161-165 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3' phosphodiesterase Gallus gallus 71-74 12791979-6 2003 Wnt regulation of intracellular Ca2+ and cGMP levels requires the G protein transducin and a cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase, which are major elements in signaling of the visual pathway. Cyclic GMP 41-45 guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha transducing 1 Mus musculus 76-86 12761342-10 2003 The NO-cGMP-PKG-ERK signaling pathway thus plays important role in the potentiation of LTP by YC-1. Cyclic GMP 7-11 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 94-98 12637561-9 2003 In particular, we analyzed the effect of the endothelial, cGMP-mediated vasodilators C-type natriuretic peptide and nitric oxide (NO). Cyclic GMP 58-62 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 85-111 12709586-6 2003 Remarkably, lower expression levels of HO-1, HO-2, and sGC paralleled with reduced HO activity and cGMP content were observed in PA from 8-week SHR rats, but not from adult SHR or WKY rats of all ages. Cyclic GMP 99-103 heme oxygenase 1 Rattus norvegicus 39-43 12560157-7 2003 The nNOS expression in macula densa and eNOS increased significantly with combination therapy compared to quinapril treatment alone contributing to an enhanced urinary excretion of cGMP and to maintain the creatinine clearance. Cyclic GMP 181-185 nitric oxide synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus 4-8 12488350-1 2003 C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), found in endothelial cells, chondrocytes, and neurons, binds its cognate transmembrane receptor, natriuretic peptide receptor-B (NPR-B/GC-B), and stimulates the synthesis of the intracellular signaling molecule, cGMP. Cyclic GMP 246-250 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 0-26 12488350-1 2003 C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), found in endothelial cells, chondrocytes, and neurons, binds its cognate transmembrane receptor, natriuretic peptide receptor-B (NPR-B/GC-B), and stimulates the synthesis of the intracellular signaling molecule, cGMP. Cyclic GMP 246-250 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 28-31 12488350-3 2003 Here we report that 10% fetal bovine serum markedly reduced CNP-dependent cGMP elevations in NIH3T3 fibroblast. Cyclic GMP 74-78 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 60-63 12488350-4 2003 The purified serum components platelet-derived growth factor and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) mimicked the effect of serum on CNP-dependent cGMP elevations, but the latter factor resulted in the most dramatic reductions. Cyclic GMP 139-143 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 125-128 12488350-6 2003 The decreased cGMP concentrations resulted from reduced CNP-dependent NPR-B guanylyl cyclase activity that did not require losses in receptor protein or activation of protein kinase C, indicating a previously undescribed desensitization pathway. Cyclic GMP 14-18 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 56-59 12488350-7 2003 These data suggest that NPR-B is repressed by LPA and that one mechanism by which LPA exerts its effects is through the heterologous desensitization of the CNP/NPR-B/cGMP pathway. Cyclic GMP 166-170 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 156-159 12498924-0 2003 YC-1 potentiates the nitric oxide/cyclic GMP pathway in corpus cavernosum and facilitates penile erection in rats. Cyclic GMP 34-44 glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 0-4 12498924-4 2003 Both YC-1 and sodium nitroprusside, but not sildenafil (1-100 microM) caused concentration-dependent increases in cyclic GMP levels in cultured rabbit cavernosal smooth muscle cells and produced synergistic effects. Cyclic GMP 114-124 glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 5-9 12498924-7 2003 These results suggest that the soluble guanylate cyclase activator YC-1 increases cyclic GMP levels, leading to relaxation of cavernosal smooth muscle. Cyclic GMP 82-92 glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 67-71 12669271-6 2003 A dose-response study of GLP-1 with glucose-stimulated islets showed that GLP-1 could overcome and completely restore the impaired insulin release in TPN islets, bringing about a marked increase in islet cAMP accumulation concomitant with heavy suppression of both glucose-stimulated increase in islet cGMP content and the activities of constitutive NOS (cNOS) and iNOS. Cyclic GMP 302-306 glucagon Rattus norvegicus 74-79 12710979-5 2003 Atrial and C-type natriuretic peptide (ANP/CNP) are present in cerebral cortex and their actions are mediated via particulate guanylate cyclase receptors and cGMP production. Cyclic GMP 158-162 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 11-37 12444076-3 2002 Binding of ligands to GC-C leads to accumulation of intracellular cGMP, the activation of protein kinases G and A, and phosphorylation of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a chloride channel that regulates salt and water secretion. Cyclic GMP 66-70 guanylate cyclase 2C Rattus norvegicus 22-26 12351387-3 2002 Raised levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate, as well as membrane-permeable calcium chelators, inhibited these [Ca(++)](i) oscillations and prevented stable adhesion without affecting the dynamic characteristics of the typical platelet translocation on VWF mediated by GPIbalpha. Cyclic GMP 59-89 glycoprotein Ib platelet subunit alpha Homo sapiens 314-323 12119292-2 2002 We found that cGMP inhibited serum-induced Rho.GTP loading and transcriptional activation of SRF-dependent reporter genes in smooth muscle and glial cells in a cGMP-dependent protein kinase (G-kinase)-dependent fashion. Cyclic GMP 14-18 serum response factor Homo sapiens 93-96 12119292-3 2002 Serum stimulation of the SRF target gene vinculin was also blocked by cGMP/G-kinase. Cyclic GMP 70-74 serum response factor Homo sapiens 25-28 12677190-5 2002 Adrenomedullin gene delivery results in increased cAMP, nitric oxide and cGMP levels in conjunction with significantly reduced superoxide production in the heart, kidney and brain. Cyclic GMP 73-77 adrenomedullin Rattus norvegicus 0-14 12358727-3 2002 Studies on cerebellar astrocytes showed that sGC undergoes a desensitizing profile of activity, which, in league with phosphodiesterases (PDEs), was hypothesized to diversify cGMP responses in different cells. Cyclic GMP 175-179 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 138-142 12358727-5 2002 Based on the effects of selective PDE inhibitors, cGMP hydrolysis following exposure to NO was attributed to a cGMP-stimulated PDE (PDE 2). Cyclic GMP 50-54 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 132-137 12358727-5 2002 Based on the effects of selective PDE inhibitors, cGMP hydrolysis following exposure to NO was attributed to a cGMP-stimulated PDE (PDE 2). Cyclic GMP 111-115 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 132-137 12395288-0 2002 The organic cation transporters rOCT1 and hOCT2 are inhibited by cGMP. Cyclic GMP 65-69 solute carrier family 22 member 1 Rattus norvegicus 32-37 12395288-0 2002 The organic cation transporters rOCT1 and hOCT2 are inhibited by cGMP. Cyclic GMP 65-69 POU class 2 homeobox 2 Homo sapiens 42-47 12395288-2 2002 Previously we demonstrated stimulation and change of selectivity for rat OCT1 (rOCT1) by protein kinase C. Here we investigated the effect of cGMP on cation transport by rOCT1 or human OCT2 (hOCT2) after expression in human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293) or oocytes of Xenopus laevis. Cyclic GMP 142-146 solute carrier family 22 member 1 Rattus norvegicus 170-175 12395288-7 2002 An inhibition of ASP + uptake by rOCT1 in HEK293 cells was also obtained when the cells were incubated for 10 min with 100 mM cGMP, whereas no effect was obtained when cGMP was given together with ASP +. Cyclic GMP 126-130 solute carrier family 22 member 1 Rattus norvegicus 33-38 12395288-7 2002 An inhibition of ASP + uptake by rOCT1 in HEK293 cells was also obtained when the cells were incubated for 10 min with 100 mM cGMP, whereas no effect was obtained when cGMP was given together with ASP +. Cyclic GMP 168-172 solute carrier family 22 member 1 Rattus norvegicus 33-38 12181191-7 2002 These data provide novel evidence that NO inhibits NHE3 activity via activation of soluble guanylate cyclase, resulting in an increase in intracellular cGMP levels and activation of protein kinase G. Cyclic GMP 152-156 solute carrier family 9 member A3 Homo sapiens 51-55 12208771-2 2002 We have previously demonstrated that beta(3)-adrenoceptor (beta(3)-AR) stimulation induces endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in rat aorta through the activation of an endothelial NO synthase associated with an increase in intracellular cGMP. Cyclic GMP 239-243 adrenoceptor beta 3 Rattus norvegicus 37-57 12107056-7 2002 Although NO reportedly acts by reducing AC activity in some cells, in cardiac fibroblasts NO production decreases cAMP accumulation largely by the cGMP-mediated activation of PDE2. Cyclic GMP 147-151 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 175-179 12434996-1 2002 Recently, we found that hyperosmolality acutely inhibited atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) dependent cGMP production by reducing ANP binding sites in cultured rat inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) cells. Cyclic GMP 101-105 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 58-84 12110609-0 2002 P2Y(1) and P2Y(2) receptors are coupled to the NO/cGMP pathway to vasodilate the rat arterial mesenteric bed. Cyclic GMP 50-54 purinergic receptor P2Y2 Rattus norvegicus 11-17 12110609-18 2002 Endothelial P2Y(1) and P2Y(2) receptors coupled to the NO/cGMP cascade suggest that extracellular nucleotides are involved in endothelial-smooth muscle signalling. Cyclic GMP 58-62 purinergic receptor P2Y2 Rattus norvegicus 23-29 15002576-1 2002 Guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic GMP) is a major second messenger molecule, that is believed to play a role in various physiological and pathophysiological processes. Cyclic GMP 0-36 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 45-48 12117306-7 2002 Thus, the positive inotropic effect of NO decreased and ultimately became an attenuation as the level of beta1-adrenergic stimulation increased due at least in part, to an interaction between the cAMP and cGMP second messenger pathways. Cyclic GMP 205-209 UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 2 Homo sapiens 105-110 11889121-14 2002 For uroguanylin two distinct signaling pathways exist in IHKE-1 cells, one involves GC-C and cGMP as second messenger, the other is cGMP-independent and connected to a pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein. Cyclic GMP 93-97 guanylate cyclase activator 2B Homo sapiens 4-15 11889121-14 2002 For uroguanylin two distinct signaling pathways exist in IHKE-1 cells, one involves GC-C and cGMP as second messenger, the other is cGMP-independent and connected to a pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein. Cyclic GMP 132-136 guanylate cyclase activator 2B Homo sapiens 4-15 12076976-4 2002 In motor neurons, nitric oxide enhances brain-derived neurotrophic factor effects by stimulation of cGMP production. Cyclic GMP 100-104 brain derived neurotrophic factor Homo sapiens 40-73 11967020-10 2002 CONCLUSIONS: NO increases ADM signal transduction via a cGMP dependent pathway. Cyclic GMP 56-60 adrenomedullin Rattus norvegicus 26-29 12022755-8 2002 Treatment of KCs with ANP but not with sodium nitroprusside resulted in a significant elevation of intracellular cGMP levels indicating functional type A natriuretic peptide receptors (NPR-As). Cyclic GMP 113-117 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 22-25 12022755-13 2002 We demonstrated functional cGMP-dependent ANP receptors in isolated rat KCs. Cyclic GMP 27-31 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 42-45 11979328-5 2002 SNP and YC-1 synergistically increased intracellular cGMP levels in rabbit corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cell cultures. Cyclic GMP 53-57 glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 8-12 11879178-1 2002 We have previously shown that the protein kinase inhibitor beta (PKIbeta) form of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor exists in multiple isoforms, some of which are specific inhibitors of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase, whereas others also inhibit the cGMP-dependent enzyme [Kumar, Van Patten and Walsh (1997), J. Biol. Cyclic GMP 263-267 cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor beta Homo sapiens 65-72 11863432-3 2002 Molecular genetic studies have identified a class of mutants, CRP*, which either do not require exogenous cAMP for activation or can be activated by cGMP. Cyclic GMP 149-153 catabolite gene activator protein Escherichia coli 62-65 11863432-7 2002 cCMP and cGMP can replace cAMP as an allosteric effector in all of these CRP mutants except S62F and non-CRP* mutants. Cyclic GMP 9-13 catabolite gene activator protein Escherichia coli 73-76 11875314-1 2002 OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to analyse the nitric oxide (NO)/cyclic GMP (cGMP) relaxing system in spontaneously hypertensive rats of the stroke-prone substrain (SHRSP). Cyclic GMP 89-93 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 84-87 11896473-10 2002 Several transcription factor AP2 and Sp1-binding sequences identified in the promoters are likely to be the mediators of cAMP/cGMP-responsiveness. Cyclic GMP 126-130 transcription factor AP-2 alpha Homo sapiens 29-32 11752021-4 2002 The induction of IP-10 and Mig mRNA and protein expression by IFN-gamma plus TNF-alpha was strongly inhibited by nitric oxide (NO) donors, such as sodium nitroprusside or S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine, but not by cGMP analogues. Cyclic GMP 215-219 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 Homo sapiens 17-22 11752021-7 2002 These data also indicate that the production of IP-10 and Mig by human mesangial cells can be downregulated by NO donors through cGMP-independent inhibition of NF-kappaB activation. Cyclic GMP 129-133 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 Homo sapiens 48-53 12435875-4 2002 In podocytes, Ang II induces rise in intracellular calcium concentration, whereas ANP stimulates generation of cGMP. Cyclic GMP 111-115 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 82-85 12435875-5 2002 The present study was designed to check whether ANP-stimulated cGMP synthesis in podocytes might be affected by Ang II. Cyclic GMP 63-67 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 48-51 12435875-7 2002 Co-incubation of podocytes with ANP and Ang II caused significant (p < 0.01) suppression of ANP-dependent cGMP generation. Cyclic GMP 109-113 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 32-35 12435875-7 2002 Co-incubation of podocytes with ANP and Ang II caused significant (p < 0.01) suppression of ANP-dependent cGMP generation. Cyclic GMP 109-113 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 95-98 12435875-10 2002 In conclusion, angiotensin II counteracts ANP-stimulated cGMP synthesis in cultured podocytes. Cyclic GMP 57-61 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 42-45 11602670-6 2001 The guanylyl cyclase activators YC-1 and guanylin increased PKG activity secondary to increased cellular cGMP and induced apoptosis in colon tumor cells. Cyclic GMP 105-109 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 32-36 11557622-14 2001 One source of this cGMP may be nNOS generation of NO in the kidney. Cyclic GMP 19-23 nitric oxide synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus 31-35 11598499-11 2001 Basal levels of 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) in HO-1-transduced vessels were not significantly different from those in beta-Gal-transduced vessels. Cyclic GMP 44-48 heme oxygenase 1 Canis lupus familiaris 53-57 11513736-1 2001 Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) exert their physiological actions by binding to natriuretic peptide receptor A (NPRA), a receptor guanylate cyclase (rGC) that synthesizes cGMP in response to both ligands. Cyclic GMP 208-212 natriuretic peptide receptor 1 Mus musculus 149-153 11723726-3 2001 RESULTS: The results showed that cAMP content in mouse hypothalamus immediately increased significantly and reached the peak value in 15 min after irradiation, and then returned to near sham-irradiation level 1 h after irradiation, followed by a small fluctuation of increase and decrease; the changes of cGMP content were basically opposite to those of cAMP content, while the changes of cAMP/cGMP ratio were basically consistent with those of cAMP content. Cyclic GMP 305-309 cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 33-37 11723726-3 2001 RESULTS: The results showed that cAMP content in mouse hypothalamus immediately increased significantly and reached the peak value in 15 min after irradiation, and then returned to near sham-irradiation level 1 h after irradiation, followed by a small fluctuation of increase and decrease; the changes of cGMP content were basically opposite to those of cAMP content, while the changes of cAMP/cGMP ratio were basically consistent with those of cAMP content. Cyclic GMP 394-398 cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 33-37 11532906-5 2001 Neither pertussis toxin treatment nor exposure to the cGMP-stimulated phosphodiesterase (PDE2) inhibitor erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine or the nonselective PDE inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine nor the phosphatase inhibitors okadaic acid or calyculin A unmasked an ISO-mimicking response of GLP-1. Cyclic GMP 54-58 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 89-93 11665840-0 2001 Effects of isatin on atrial natriuretic peptide-mediated accumulation of cGMP and guanylyl cyclase activity of PC12 cells. Cyclic GMP 73-77 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 21-47 11665840-2 2001 In the present study the effects of isatin on ANP-mediated accumulation of cGMP and guanylyl cyclase (GC) activity of PC12 cells were studied. Cyclic GMP 75-79 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 46-49 11665840-5 2001 Isatin caused a more pronounced reduction of ANP-dependent cGMP accumulation in cells grown in the presence of 10% embryonal calf serum (ECS) than in 0.5% ECS. Cyclic GMP 59-63 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 45-48 11572466-10 2001 These findings indicate that endothelin-1 increases in cell proliferation and biological changes may be involved in changing intracellular calcium mobility, increasing intracellular phosphoinositides, enhancing intracellular cGMP and cAMP accumulation, and fibronectin protein synthesis. Cyclic GMP 225-229 endothelin 1 Bos taurus 29-41 11433187-2 2001 It has been shown that activation of renin-angiotensin system on low sodium intake antagonizes the biological effect of ANF by interfering in the intracellular metabolism of cGMP. Cyclic GMP 174-178 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 120-123 11433187-3 2001 We have previously indicated that the renin-angiotensin system increases activity of Ca2+/calmodulin dependent-cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase (cGMP-PDE) in glomeruli and thereby inhibits the ANF-induced increase in GFR in low sodium-treated rats. Cyclic GMP 141-145 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 189-192 11433187-7 2001 RESULTS: Low sodium intake inhibited ANF-dependent increase in GFR and nephrogenous cGMP excretion, whereas urinary sodium excretion did not differ appreciably in rats on either diet. Cyclic GMP 84-88 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 37-40 11433187-8 2001 The basal and ANF-stimulated cGMP formation in isolated glomeruli was significantly inhibited in low sodium-treated rats as compared to normal sodium-treated rats. Cyclic GMP 29-33 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 14-17 11433187-9 2001 The inhibitory effect of low sodium intake on basal and ANF-stimulated glomerular cGMP formation was completely prevented by a selective cGMP-PDE inhibitor, zaprinast, but not affected by PKC activator, PMA, or PKC inhibitor, H-7. Cyclic GMP 82-86 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 56-59 11433187-9 2001 The inhibitory effect of low sodium intake on basal and ANF-stimulated glomerular cGMP formation was completely prevented by a selective cGMP-PDE inhibitor, zaprinast, but not affected by PKC activator, PMA, or PKC inhibitor, H-7. Cyclic GMP 137-141 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 56-59 11433187-11 2001 CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that the blunted glomerular response to ANF in rats on low sodium intake is due to decrease ability of cGMP formation in glomeruli by increasing activity of cGMP-PDE without altering activity of PKC. Cyclic GMP 142-146 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 79-82 11433187-11 2001 CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that the blunted glomerular response to ANF in rats on low sodium intake is due to decrease ability of cGMP formation in glomeruli by increasing activity of cGMP-PDE without altering activity of PKC. Cyclic GMP 196-200 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 79-82 11675875-9 2001 Several mechanisms have been reported to mediate the NO-related neuroprotection, including cyclic guanosine 3",5"-monophosphate (cyclic GMP), a downstream product of NO generation. Cyclic GMP 91-127 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 136-139 11384644-12 2001 CONCLUSION(S): These results indicate that the cGMP pathway might be involved in the NO-regulated embryonic development, but not in NO-induced apoptosis, for which P53/Bax pathway might be involved. Cyclic GMP 47-51 BCL2-associated X protein Mus musculus 168-171 11487065-7 2001 The guanylyl cyclase activity was measured by the amount of cGMP generated in response to ANP. Cyclic GMP 60-64 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 90-93 11124937-2 2001 In response to agonists (atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide), the kinase homology domain-mediated guanylate cyclase repression is removed, which allows the production of cyclic GMP. Cyclic GMP 198-208 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 25-51 11172039-6 2001 sGC activators or cGMP analogs increased expression of the gamma-globin gene in erythroleukemic cells as well as in primary erythroblasts from normal subjects and patients with beta-thalassemia. Cyclic GMP 18-22 hemoglobin subunit gamma 1 Homo sapiens 59-71 11171061-13 2001 DdPDE3 is the first cGMP-selective PDE identified in lower eukaryotes. Cyclic GMP 20-24 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 2-5 11160856-1 2001 YC-1 is a direct activator of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) and sensitizes the enzyme for activation by nitric oxide (NO) and CO. Because the potentiating effect of YC-1 on NO-induced cGMP formation in platelets and smooth muscle cells has been shown to be substantially higher than observed with the purified enzyme, the synergism between heme ligands and YC-1 is apparently more pronounced in intact cells than in cell-free systems. Cyclic GMP 185-189 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 0-4 11160856-1 2001 YC-1 is a direct activator of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) and sensitizes the enzyme for activation by nitric oxide (NO) and CO. Because the potentiating effect of YC-1 on NO-induced cGMP formation in platelets and smooth muscle cells has been shown to be substantially higher than observed with the purified enzyme, the synergism between heme ligands and YC-1 is apparently more pronounced in intact cells than in cell-free systems. Cyclic GMP 185-189 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 166-170 11160856-1 2001 YC-1 is a direct activator of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) and sensitizes the enzyme for activation by nitric oxide (NO) and CO. Because the potentiating effect of YC-1 on NO-induced cGMP formation in platelets and smooth muscle cells has been shown to be substantially higher than observed with the purified enzyme, the synergism between heme ligands and YC-1 is apparently more pronounced in intact cells than in cell-free systems. Cyclic GMP 185-189 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 166-170 11160856-3 2001 Stimulation of the cells with YC-1 enhanced cGMP accumulation up to approximately 100-fold. Cyclic GMP 44-48 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 30-34 11160856-4 2001 The maximal effect of YC-1 was more pronounced than that of the NO donor DEA/NO (approximately 20-fold increase in cGMP accumulation) and markedly diminished in the presence of L-N(G)-nitroarginine, EGTA, or oxyhemoglobin. Cyclic GMP 115-119 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 22-26 11160856-5 2001 Because YC-1 did not activate endothelial NO synthase, the pronounced effect of YC-1 on cGMP accumulation was apparently caused by a synergistic activation of sGC by YC-1 and basal NO. Cyclic GMP 88-92 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 80-84 11160856-5 2001 Because YC-1 did not activate endothelial NO synthase, the pronounced effect of YC-1 on cGMP accumulation was apparently caused by a synergistic activation of sGC by YC-1 and basal NO. Cyclic GMP 88-92 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 80-84 11160856-6 2001 The effect of YC-1 was further enhanced by addition of DEA/NO, resulting in a approximately 160-fold stimulation of cGMP accumulation. Cyclic GMP 116-120 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 14-18 11160856-7 2001 Thus, YC-1 increased the NO-induced accumulation of cGMP in intact cells by approximately 8-fold. Cyclic GMP 52-56 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 6-10 11201500-3 2001 We used GTN-tolerant rabbit aortic rings (RARs) to test the hypothesis that a non-vasorelaxant concentration of YC-1 enhances the ability of the prototypical organic nitrate GTN to relax vascular smooth muscle and elevate intravascular cGMP under conditions of GTN tolerance. Cyclic GMP 236-240 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 112-116 11258566-6 2000 Cyclic GMP was significantly increased in portal hypertensive lung tissue, suggesting activation of guanylyl cyclase by the endproducts of iNOS and/or HO-1 activity. Cyclic GMP 0-10 heme oxygenase 1 Rattus norvegicus 151-155 11062334-2 2000 Mechanistically, the effects of both peptides are thought to be mediated by intracellular cGMP which results from ligand binding to a plasma membrane guanylyl cyclase-C (GC-C) receptor. Cyclic GMP 90-94 guanylate cyclase 2C Rattus norvegicus 150-168 11062334-2 2000 Mechanistically, the effects of both peptides are thought to be mediated by intracellular cGMP which results from ligand binding to a plasma membrane guanylyl cyclase-C (GC-C) receptor. Cyclic GMP 90-94 guanylate cyclase 2C Rattus norvegicus 170-174 11016642-8 2000 Our findings suggest that uroguanylin and guanylin regulate the turnover of epithelial cells within the intestinal mucosa via activation of a cGMP signaling mechanism that elicits apoptosis of target enterocytes. Cyclic GMP 142-146 guanylate cyclase activator 2B Homo sapiens 26-37 10976915-8 2000 Furthermore, treatment with synthetic inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3-kinase), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) all blocked insulin"s effect on MBP activation. Cyclic GMP 129-159 myelin basic protein Rattus norvegicus 199-202 10976915-8 2000 Furthermore, treatment with synthetic inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3-kinase), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) all blocked insulin"s effect on MBP activation. Cyclic GMP 161-165 myelin basic protein Rattus norvegicus 199-202 10976915-9 2000 We conclude that insulin stimulates MBP via its regulatory subunit, MBS partly by inactivating Rho kinase and stimulating NO/cGMP signaling via PI3-kinase as part of a complex signaling network that controls 20-kDa myosin light chain (MLC20) phosphorylation and VSMC contraction. Cyclic GMP 125-129 myelin basic protein Rattus norvegicus 36-39 10913949-1 2000 OBJECTIVE: In order to determine the mechanism by which nitric oxide (NO) inhibits prolactin release, we investigated the participation of cGMP-dependent cAMP-phosphodiesterases (PDEs) and protein kinase G (PKG) in this effect of NO. Cyclic GMP 139-143 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 179-183 10913949-9 2000 The activation of PDE2 by cGMP may mediate the inhibitory effect of NO on cAMP concentration and therefore on prolactin release. Cyclic GMP 26-30 phosphodiesterase 2A Rattus norvegicus 18-22 10916096-10 2000 Kallikrein gene delivery significantly decreased total urinary protein and albumin excretion and increased levels of urinary kinin, nitrite/nitrate, and cGMP levels. Cyclic GMP 153-157 kallikrein related peptidase 4 Homo sapiens 0-10 10877827-8 2000 Activation or inhibition of cGMP-inhibited phosphodiesterase (PDE-3B) (using insulin and OPC 3911, respectively) did not modify ANP-induced lipolysis whereas the isoproterenol effect was decreased or increased. Cyclic GMP 28-32 phosphodiesterase 3B Homo sapiens 62-68 10904017-10 2000 These results indicate that adrenomedullin and nitric oxide inhibit endothelial cell apoptosis via a cGMP-independent mechanism. Cyclic GMP 101-105 adrenomedullin Homo sapiens 28-42 10856898-0 2000 C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) effects in anterior pituitary cell lines: evidence for homologous desensitisation of CNP-stimulated cGMP accumulation in alpha T3-1 gonadotroph-derived cells. Cyclic GMP 133-137 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 118-121 10856898-2 2000 Its specific guanylyl cyclase-containing receptor, GC-B, is also expressed on several anterior pituitary cell types, and CNP potently stimulates cGMP accumulation in rat pituitary cell cultures and pituitary cell lines. Cyclic GMP 145-149 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 121-124 10856898-5 2000 In these cells, CNP-stimulated cGMP accumulation was found to desensitise during a 30 min exposure to CNP. Cyclic GMP 31-35 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 16-19 10856898-5 2000 In these cells, CNP-stimulated cGMP accumulation was found to desensitise during a 30 min exposure to CNP. Cyclic GMP 31-35 natriuretic peptide type C Mus musculus 102-105 10816311-2 2000 Stimulating nitric oxide synthase, activating soluble guanylyl cyclase or elevating concentrations of intracellular cGMP depressed excitatory synaptic transmission in CA1 hippocampal neurons. Cyclic GMP 116-120 carbonic anhydrase 1 Homo sapiens 167-170 10807655-8 2000 SNP with YC-1 also induced a pronounced cyclic GMP increase in the aorta. Cyclic GMP 40-50 glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 9-13 10790386-3 2000 The cyclic GMP analogue 8-bromo-cGMP rescues a sensory defect in both daf-11 and daf-21 mutants, supporting a role for DAF-11 guanylyl cyclase activity in this process and further suggesting that daf-21 acts at a similar step. Cyclic GMP 4-14 Heat shock protein 90 Caenorhabditis elegans 81-87 10790386-3 2000 The cyclic GMP analogue 8-bromo-cGMP rescues a sensory defect in both daf-11 and daf-21 mutants, supporting a role for DAF-11 guanylyl cyclase activity in this process and further suggesting that daf-21 acts at a similar step. Cyclic GMP 4-14 Heat shock protein 90 Caenorhabditis elegans 196-202 10790386-7 2000 These results demonstrate that cGMP is a prominent second messenger in C. elegans chemosensory transduction and suggest a previously unknown role for Hsp90 in regulating cGMP levels. Cyclic GMP 170-174 Heat shock protein 90 Caenorhabditis elegans 150-155 10771096-8 2000 These results indicate that p38 MAPK and MAPKAPK2 are activated by SNP in cGMP-dependent pathways, while the Erk1 activation by SNP is independent of cGMP levels. Cyclic GMP 74-78 MAPK activated protein kinase 2 Rattus norvegicus 41-49 10751430-6 2000 Although ATP also potently inhibits cGMP-activated currents in rod patches, the following findings indicate that ATP is used to transphosphorylate GMP, generated from cGMP, to GTP. Cyclic GMP 167-171 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 37-40 10753954-5 2000 Both cGMP and cAMP activated both ERK and p70(S6k), whereas only selective inhibitors of protein kinase G prevented the activation of the kinases by SNAP. Cyclic GMP 5-9 annexin A6 Homo sapiens 42-45 10751195-1 2000 Insulin acutely stimulates cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) production in primary confluent cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) from canine femoral artery, but the mechanism is not known. Cyclic GMP 27-57 insulin Canis lupus familiaris 0-7 10751195-1 2000 Insulin acutely stimulates cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) production in primary confluent cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) from canine femoral artery, but the mechanism is not known. Cyclic GMP 59-63 insulin Canis lupus familiaris 0-7 10751195-2 2000 These cells contain the inducible isoform of nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS), and insulin-stimulated cGMP production in confluent cultured cells is blocked by the NOS inhibitor, N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA). Cyclic GMP 103-107 insulin Canis lupus familiaris 84-91 10729202-2 2000 Butyrate treatment of these cells resulted in an apparent increase in cyclic GMP (cGMP) accumulation when the cGMP content of cells and the supernatant medium was measured. Cyclic GMP 82-86 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 77-80 10729202-2 2000 Butyrate treatment of these cells resulted in an apparent increase in cyclic GMP (cGMP) accumulation when the cGMP content of cells and the supernatant medium was measured. Cyclic GMP 110-114 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 77-80 10666086-2 2000 Uroguanylin has been shown to participate in the regulation of salt and water homeostasis in mammals via cGMP-mediated processes, bearing a distinct similarity to the action of the atriopeptins, which play a defined role in natriuresis and act as prognostic indicators of severe congestive heart failure (CHF). Cyclic GMP 105-109 guanylate cyclase activator 2B Homo sapiens 0-11 10728380-10 2000 A correlation of the apoptotic response to SNAP or YC-1 with an increased activity of soluble guanylyl cyclase, determined by measurements of intracellular cGMP contents, was found. Cyclic GMP 156-160 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 51-55 10646514-6 2000 The measurement of intracellular cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP by radioimmunoassay demonstrated the following: an increase of cyclic GMP with treatment with 8-bromo-cyclic GMP, dibutyryl cyclic GMP, and ANP; an increase of cyclic AMP with treatment with ibudilast and rolipram; and an increase of both cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP with treatment with IBMX and propentofylline. Cyclic GMP 48-58 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 199-202 10646514-6 2000 The measurement of intracellular cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP by radioimmunoassay demonstrated the following: an increase of cyclic GMP with treatment with 8-bromo-cyclic GMP, dibutyryl cyclic GMP, and ANP; an increase of cyclic AMP with treatment with ibudilast and rolipram; and an increase of both cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP with treatment with IBMX and propentofylline. Cyclic GMP 122-132 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 199-202 10646514-6 2000 The measurement of intracellular cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP by radioimmunoassay demonstrated the following: an increase of cyclic GMP with treatment with 8-bromo-cyclic GMP, dibutyryl cyclic GMP, and ANP; an increase of cyclic AMP with treatment with ibudilast and rolipram; and an increase of both cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP with treatment with IBMX and propentofylline. Cyclic GMP 122-132 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 199-202 10845107-1 2000 Guanylin, uroguanylin, and lymphoguanylin are small peptides that activate cell-surface guanylate cyclase receptors and influence cellular function via intracellular cGMP. Cyclic GMP 166-170 guanylate cyclase activator 2B Homo sapiens 10-21 10559009-7 1999 Incubation of platelets with PDGF-treated SMCs resulted in a significant increase in platelet cGMP concentration that was reversed by treatment of SMCs with the HO-1 inhibitor tin protoporphyrin-IX or by addition of the CO scavenger hemoglobin to platelets. Cyclic GMP 94-98 heme oxygenase 1 Rattus norvegicus 161-165 10578147-12 1999 7 These results indicate, that beside being a direct activator of sGC, YC-1 stimulates a NO-synthesis and release in endothelial cells which is independent of elevation of cyclic GMP but strictly dependent on extracellular calcium. Cyclic GMP 172-182 glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 71-75 10531302-2 1999 Expression of the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGR) by the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines HepG2 and HuH-7 in response to intracellular cGMP concentrations was previously shown to be regulated at the translational level (1). Cyclic GMP 147-151 MIR7-3 host gene Homo sapiens 112-117 10471446-9 1999 Kinin-releasing activities in the brain as well as urinary kinin and cGMP levels were significantly increased in rats receiving the kallikrein gene. Cyclic GMP 69-73 kallikrein related peptidase 4 Homo sapiens 132-142 10455158-12 1999 ANF-induced activation of ERK was mimicked by cGMP analogs, suggesting that ANF-induced ERK activation involves the guanylyl cyclase activity of the ANF receptor. Cyclic GMP 46-50 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 0-3 10455158-12 1999 ANF-induced activation of ERK was mimicked by cGMP analogs, suggesting that ANF-induced ERK activation involves the guanylyl cyclase activity of the ANF receptor. Cyclic GMP 46-50 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 76-79 10455158-12 1999 ANF-induced activation of ERK was mimicked by cGMP analogs, suggesting that ANF-induced ERK activation involves the guanylyl cyclase activity of the ANF receptor. Cyclic GMP 46-50 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 76-79 10446136-4 1999 Only NPR-B mRNA was identified, which was functional as demonstrated in binding studies and by increased cGMP levels in response to C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP). Cyclic GMP 105-109 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 132-158 10446136-4 1999 Only NPR-B mRNA was identified, which was functional as demonstrated in binding studies and by increased cGMP levels in response to C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP). Cyclic GMP 105-109 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 160-163 10446136-5 1999 CNP inhibited mHSC proliferation, an effect blocked by the protein kinase G inhibitor 8-(4 chlorophenylthio)-cGMP and by the NPR antagonist HS-142-1 and reproduced by analogs of cGMP. Cyclic GMP 109-113 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 0-3 10444508-9 1999 We conclude that NO, produced by neuronal NOS, is a modulator in the coupling of neuronal activation and rCBF in rat somatosensory cortex and that this effect is mainly mediated by cGMP. Cyclic GMP 181-185 nitric oxide synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus 33-45 10423355-5 1999 This increase in HO-1 mRNA in RV was accompanied by a two-fold increase in immunoreactive HO-1 protein, as judged by Western blot analysis, as well as by a significant increase in cGMP levels. Cyclic GMP 180-184 heme oxygenase 1 Canis lupus familiaris 17-21