PMID-sentid	Pub_year	Sent_text	compound_name	comp_offset	prot_official_name	organism	prot_offset
31266806-10	2019	We hypothesize that these activities represent fundamental aspects of tau action that normally occur at the GTP-rich ends of GTP/GDP MTs and that may be compromised in neurodegeneration-causing tau variants.	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	microtubule associated protein tau	Homo sapiens	70-73
31266806-10	2019	We hypothesize that these activities represent fundamental aspects of tau action that normally occur at the GTP-rich ends of GTP/GDP MTs and that may be compromised in neurodegeneration-causing tau variants.	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	microtubule associated protein tau	Homo sapiens	194-197
31408461-2	2019	Some RGS proteins exert additional signal modulatory functions, and RGS12 is one such protein, with five additional, functional domains: a PDZ domain, a phosphotyrosine-binding domain, two Ras-binding domains, and a Galpha GDP-binding GoLoco motif.	Guanosine Diphosphate	223-226	regulator of G-protein signaling 12	Mus musculus	68-73
31409810-3	2019	Here, we present local changes in K-Ras structure, conformation and dynamics upon G12D mutation, from long-timescale Molecular Dynamics simulations of active (GTP-bound) and inactive (GDP-bound) forms of wild-type and mutant K-Ras, with an integrated investigation of atomistic-level changes, local conformational shifts and correlated residue motions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	184-187	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	34-39
31409810-4	2019	Our results reveal that the local changes in K-Ras are specific to bound nucleotide (GTP or GDP), and we provide a structural basis for this.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	45-50
31457101-1	2019	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) functions as a molecular switch by cycling between an inactive guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound state and an active guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-134	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-42
31457101-1	2019	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) functions as a molecular switch by cycling between an inactive guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound state and an active guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-134	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	44-48
31457101-1	2019	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) functions as a molecular switch by cycling between an inactive guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound state and an active guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-42
31457101-1	2019	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) functions as a molecular switch by cycling between an inactive guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound state and an active guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	44-48
31457101-2	2019	An oncogenic mutant of Rac1, an N92I mutant, strongly promotes cell proliferation and subsequent oncogenic activities by facilitating the intrinsic GDP dissociation in the inactive GDP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	23-27
31457101-2	2019	An oncogenic mutant of Rac1, an N92I mutant, strongly promotes cell proliferation and subsequent oncogenic activities by facilitating the intrinsic GDP dissociation in the inactive GDP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	181-184	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	23-27
31390567-5	2019	In KRas G13D bound to GDP, A59 is placed in the Mg2+ binding site, as in the HRas-SOS complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	22-25	Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog	Mus musculus	3-7
31201273-1	2019	Human guanylate kinase (hGMPK) is the only known enzyme responsible for cellular GDP production, making it essential for cellular viability and proliferation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	guanylate kinase 1	Homo sapiens	6-22
31330900-0	2019	The Intrinsic GDP/GTP Exchange Activities of Cdc42 and Rac1 Are Critical Determinants for Their Specific Effects on Mobilization of the Actin Filament System.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	45-50
31330900-0	2019	The Intrinsic GDP/GTP Exchange Activities of Cdc42 and Rac1 Are Critical Determinants for Their Specific Effects on Mobilization of the Actin Filament System.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	55-59
31324887-3	2019	Interestingly, structural studies on GDP- and GMPPNP-bound KRAS lacking the iMet and N-acetylation resulted in Mg2+-free structures of KRAS with flexible N-termini.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	59-63
31324887-3	2019	Interestingly, structural studies on GDP- and GMPPNP-bound KRAS lacking the iMet and N-acetylation resulted in Mg2+-free structures of KRAS with flexible N-termini.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	135-139
31324887-4	2019	In the Mg2+-free KRAS-GDP structure, the flexible N-terminus causes conformational changes in the interswitch region resulting in a fully open conformation of switch I.	Guanosine Diphosphate	22-25	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	17-21
31324887-6	2019	Structural studies on N-acetylated KRAS-GDP lacking the iMet revealed the presence of Mg2+ and a conformation of switch regions also observed in the structure of GDP-bound unprocessed KRAS with the iMet.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	35-39
31324887-6	2019	Structural studies on N-acetylated KRAS-GDP lacking the iMet revealed the presence of Mg2+ and a conformation of switch regions also observed in the structure of GDP-bound unprocessed KRAS with the iMet.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	184-188
31324887-6	2019	Structural studies on N-acetylated KRAS-GDP lacking the iMet revealed the presence of Mg2+ and a conformation of switch regions also observed in the structure of GDP-bound unprocessed KRAS with the iMet.	Guanosine Diphosphate	162-165	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	35-39
31324887-6	2019	Structural studies on N-acetylated KRAS-GDP lacking the iMet revealed the presence of Mg2+ and a conformation of switch regions also observed in the structure of GDP-bound unprocessed KRAS with the iMet.	Guanosine Diphosphate	162-165	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	184-188
31056463-3	2019	Unlike the bacterial orthologs used previously to model disease-causing mutations, human MCM and CblA exhibit a complex pattern of regulation that involves interconverting oligomers, which are differentially sensitive to the presence of GTP versus GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	248-251	methylmalonyl-CoA mutase	Homo sapiens	89-92
31056463-3	2019	Unlike the bacterial orthologs used previously to model disease-causing mutations, human MCM and CblA exhibit a complex pattern of regulation that involves interconverting oligomers, which are differentially sensitive to the presence of GTP versus GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	248-251	metabolism of cobalamin associated A	Homo sapiens	97-101
31853358-4	2019	Electrospray ionization (ESI) was used to transfer complexes of WT or G12X K-Ras bound to guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP) or GppNHp (non-hydrolyzable analogue of GTP) into the gas phase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-114	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	75-80
31058500-4	2019	EF-Tu alternates between GTP- and GDP-bound conformations during its functional cycle, representing the "on" and "off" states, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
31058500-6	2019	Additionally, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations indicate that enthalpic stabilization of GDP binding compared to GTP binding originates in the backbone hydrogen bonding network of EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	182-187
31058500-7	2019	In contrast, binding of GTP to EF-Tu is entropically driven by the liberation of bound water during the GDP- to GTP-bound transition.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	31-36
31058500-8	2019	GDP binding to the apo conformation of EF-Tu is both enthalpically and entropically favored, a feature unique among translational GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	39-44
31009756-4	2019	As a step towards understanding the molecular basis of filament assembly, here we present two high-resolution structures of the SEPT7 GTPase domain complexed with GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	163-166	septin 7	Homo sapiens	128-133
31353211-2	2019	Our recent study suggested that EPI64, a GTPase activating protein for Rab27a, contributes to the regulation of glucose-induced endocytosis, which is mediated by the GDP-bound form of Rab27a.	Guanosine Diphosphate	166-169	TBC1 domain family member 10A	Homo sapiens	32-37
31353211-2	2019	Our recent study suggested that EPI64, a GTPase activating protein for Rab27a, contributes to the regulation of glucose-induced endocytosis, which is mediated by the GDP-bound form of Rab27a.	Guanosine Diphosphate	166-169	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	71-77
31353211-2	2019	Our recent study suggested that EPI64, a GTPase activating protein for Rab27a, contributes to the regulation of glucose-induced endocytosis, which is mediated by the GDP-bound form of Rab27a.	Guanosine Diphosphate	166-169	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	184-190
31853358-4	2019	Electrospray ionization (ESI) was used to transfer complexes of WT or G12X K-Ras bound to guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP) or GppNHp (non-hydrolyzable analogue of GTP) into the gas phase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	75-80
31088913-8	2019	This work establishes that direct quantitation of the nucleotide-bound conformation is required to accurately determine an activation potential for any given GTPase, as small GTPases such as RAS-like proto-oncogene A (RALA) or the G12C mutant of KRAS display fast exchange kinetics but have a high affinity for GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	311-314	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	191-216
31088913-8	2019	This work establishes that direct quantitation of the nucleotide-bound conformation is required to accurately determine an activation potential for any given GTPase, as small GTPases such as RAS-like proto-oncogene A (RALA) or the G12C mutant of KRAS display fast exchange kinetics but have a high affinity for GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	311-314	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	218-222
31234416-7	2019	GTP is exchanged for GDP on ADP ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6).	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Mus musculus	28-53
31234416-7	2019	GTP is exchanged for GDP on ADP ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6).	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Mus musculus	55-59
31195662-1	2019	The initiation of protein synthesis is suppressed under several stress conditions, inducing phosphorylation of the alpha-subunit of the eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2alpha), thereby inactivating the GTP-GDP recycling protein eIF2B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	209-212	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 2	Mus musculus	168-177
31195662-1	2019	The initiation of protein synthesis is suppressed under several stress conditions, inducing phosphorylation of the alpha-subunit of the eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2alpha), thereby inactivating the GTP-GDP recycling protein eIF2B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	209-212	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	231-236
30714195-0	2019	Dissociation mechanism of GDP from Cdc42 via DOCK9 revealed by molecular dynamics simulations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	35-40
31263268-0	2019	Phosphorylated Rho-GDP directly activates mTORC2 kinase towards AKT through dimerization with Ras-GTP to regulate cell migration.	Guanosine Diphosphate	19-22	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 2	Mus musculus	42-48
31263268-3	2019	Here, we identify an unforeseen principle by which a GDP-bound form of the conserved small G protein Rho GTPase directly activates mTORC2 in AKT phosphorylation in social amoebae (Dictyostelium discoideum) cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 2	Mus musculus	131-137
31263268-4	2019	Using biochemical reconstitution with purified proteins, we demonstrate that Rho-GDP promotes AKT phosphorylation by assembling a supercomplex with Ras-GTP and mTORC2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 2	Mus musculus	160-166
31263268-6	2019	Furthermore, Rho-GDP rescues defects in both mTORC2-mediated AKT phosphorylation and directed cell migration in Rho-null cells in a manner dependent on phosphorylation of S192.	Guanosine Diphosphate	17-20	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 2	Mus musculus	45-51
31263268-7	2019	Thus, in contrast to the prevailing view that the GDP-bound forms of G proteins are inactive, our study reveals that mTORC2-AKT signalling is activated by Rho-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 2	Mus musculus	117-123
30714195-0	2019	Dissociation mechanism of GDP from Cdc42 via DOCK9 revealed by molecular dynamics simulations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	dedicator of cytokinesis 9	Homo sapiens	45-50
30714195-6	2019	Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and molecular mechanics-Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA) calculations were employed to investigate the central step of the activation of Cdc42: the dissociation mechanism of GDP from Cdc42 via DOCK9.	Guanosine Diphosphate	218-221	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	181-186
30714195-6	2019	Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and molecular mechanics-Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA) calculations were employed to investigate the central step of the activation of Cdc42: the dissociation mechanism of GDP from Cdc42 via DOCK9.	Guanosine Diphosphate	218-221	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	227-232
30714195-6	2019	Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and molecular mechanics-Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA) calculations were employed to investigate the central step of the activation of Cdc42: the dissociation mechanism of GDP from Cdc42 via DOCK9.	Guanosine Diphosphate	218-221	dedicator of cytokinesis 9	Homo sapiens	237-242
30714195-8	2019	In the GDP dissociation process, the Mg2+ ion leave first to result in a suitable conformation of Cdc42 for following DOCK9 binding to.	Guanosine Diphosphate	7-10	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	98-103
30714195-8	2019	In the GDP dissociation process, the Mg2+ ion leave first to result in a suitable conformation of Cdc42 for following DOCK9 binding to.	Guanosine Diphosphate	7-10	dedicator of cytokinesis 9	Homo sapiens	118-123
30714195-9	2019	When DOCK9 binds to Cdc42, it changes the orientations of residues Lys16, Thr17, Cys18 and Phe28 of Cdc42 to weaken the interactions between Cdc42 and GDP to release GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	151-154	dedicator of cytokinesis 9	Homo sapiens	5-10
30714195-9	2019	When DOCK9 binds to Cdc42, it changes the orientations of residues Lys16, Thr17, Cys18 and Phe28 of Cdc42 to weaken the interactions between Cdc42 and GDP to release GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	151-154	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	20-25
30714195-9	2019	When DOCK9 binds to Cdc42, it changes the orientations of residues Lys16, Thr17, Cys18 and Phe28 of Cdc42 to weaken the interactions between Cdc42 and GDP to release GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	151-154	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	100-105
30714195-9	2019	When DOCK9 binds to Cdc42, it changes the orientations of residues Lys16, Thr17, Cys18 and Phe28 of Cdc42 to weaken the interactions between Cdc42 and GDP to release GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	151-154	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	100-105
30714195-9	2019	When DOCK9 binds to Cdc42, it changes the orientations of residues Lys16, Thr17, Cys18 and Phe28 of Cdc42 to weaken the interactions between Cdc42 and GDP to release GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	166-169	dedicator of cytokinesis 9	Homo sapiens	5-10
30714195-9	2019	When DOCK9 binds to Cdc42, it changes the orientations of residues Lys16, Thr17, Cys18 and Phe28 of Cdc42 to weaken the interactions between Cdc42 and GDP to release GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	166-169	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	20-25
30714195-9	2019	When DOCK9 binds to Cdc42, it changes the orientations of residues Lys16, Thr17, Cys18 and Phe28 of Cdc42 to weaken the interactions between Cdc42 and GDP to release GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	166-169	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	100-105
30765861-9	2019	Furthermore, Rac1 colocalized with ISG15 to a region of membrane protrusion and ISG15 coimmunoprecipitated with Rac1, especially with the Rac1-GDP form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
30765861-9	2019	Furthermore, Rac1 colocalized with ISG15 to a region of membrane protrusion and ISG15 coimmunoprecipitated with Rac1, especially with the Rac1-GDP form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	ISG15 ubiquitin like modifier	Homo sapiens	35-40
30765861-9	2019	Furthermore, Rac1 colocalized with ISG15 to a region of membrane protrusion and ISG15 coimmunoprecipitated with Rac1, especially with the Rac1-GDP form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	ISG15 ubiquitin like modifier	Homo sapiens	80-85
30765861-9	2019	Furthermore, Rac1 colocalized with ISG15 to a region of membrane protrusion and ISG15 coimmunoprecipitated with Rac1, especially with the Rac1-GDP form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	112-116
30765861-9	2019	Furthermore, Rac1 colocalized with ISG15 to a region of membrane protrusion and ISG15 coimmunoprecipitated with Rac1, especially with the Rac1-GDP form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	112-116
30714195-9	2019	When DOCK9 binds to Cdc42, it changes the orientations of residues Lys16, Thr17, Cys18 and Phe28 of Cdc42 to weaken the interactions between Cdc42 and GDP to release GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	166-169	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	100-105
30714195-10	2019	This study first elucidates the dissociation mechanism of GDP from Cdc42 via DOCK9 and identifies the essential residues of Cdc42 in this process.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	67-72
30714195-10	2019	This study first elucidates the dissociation mechanism of GDP from Cdc42 via DOCK9 and identifies the essential residues of Cdc42 in this process.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	dedicator of cytokinesis 9	Homo sapiens	77-82
30714195-10	2019	This study first elucidates the dissociation mechanism of GDP from Cdc42 via DOCK9 and identifies the essential residues of Cdc42 in this process.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	124-129
31080070-4	2019	Here we present a structure of the beta2AR in complex with the carboxyl terminal 14 amino acids from Galphas along with the structure of the GDP-bound Gs heterotrimer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	141-144	adenosine A2a receptor	Homo sapiens	35-42
30981505-2	2019	Emerging evidence suggests that several Ras superfamily GTPases, including RhoF, do not follow the classical GDP/GTP exchange cycle; they act as constitutively active GTP-bound proteins due to their fast activities of GDP/GTP exchange (termed as "fast-cycling" GTPases).	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	ras homolog family member F, filopodia associated	Homo sapiens	75-79
30981505-2	2019	Emerging evidence suggests that several Ras superfamily GTPases, including RhoF, do not follow the classical GDP/GTP exchange cycle; they act as constitutively active GTP-bound proteins due to their fast activities of GDP/GTP exchange (termed as "fast-cycling" GTPases).	Guanosine Diphosphate	218-221	ras homolog family member F, filopodia associated	Homo sapiens	75-79
30981505-5	2019	However, in contrary to the previous evidence, RhoF represented a slow GDP/GTP exchange activity that dissociates GDP very slowly on a day-to-week time scale, in our experiment using fluorescently labeled GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	ras homolog family member F, filopodia associated	Homo sapiens	47-51
30981505-5	2019	However, in contrary to the previous evidence, RhoF represented a slow GDP/GTP exchange activity that dissociates GDP very slowly on a day-to-week time scale, in our experiment using fluorescently labeled GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	ras homolog family member F, filopodia associated	Homo sapiens	47-51
30981505-5	2019	However, in contrary to the previous evidence, RhoF represented a slow GDP/GTP exchange activity that dissociates GDP very slowly on a day-to-week time scale, in our experiment using fluorescently labeled GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	ras homolog family member F, filopodia associated	Homo sapiens	47-51
30981505-6	2019	The slow GDP dissociation was accelerated by Mg2+ chelation and canonical fast-cycling mutations, F44L (corresponding to F28L of Rac1) and P45S.	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	129-133
30981505-7	2019	NMR and dynamic light scattering data revealed a multimeric structure of RhoF that can switch between different conformations depending on the GTP/GDP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	147-150	ras homolog family member F, filopodia associated	Homo sapiens	73-77
29065764-3	2019	The GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) recognizes membrane-associated Rab5(GDP) and serves to release it into the cytoplasm where it is kept in a soluble state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	68-72
29065764-4	2019	A detailed new structural and dynamic model for human Rab5(GDP) recognition and binding with human GDI at the early endosome membrane and in its dissociated state is presented.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	54-58
29065764-6	2019	In solution, two different binding modes of the isoprenoid chains inserted into the hydrophobic pocket of the Rab5(GDP):GDI complex can be identified.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	110-114
30967630-8	2019	Moreover, under conditions tested, the NF1-LRD fails to hydrolyze Ras-GTP to Ras-GDP, suggesting that its suppressive function is independent of Ras signaling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	neurofibromin 1	Homo sapiens	39-42
30872165-7	2019	Despite these minor changes in GABAergic transmission, the GDP frequency was strikingly reduced in CX3CR1-deficient mice compared to wild-type, with no change in the GDP shape and ending period.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	chemokine (C-X3-C motif) receptor 1	Mus musculus	99-105
30991803-12	2019	Within all of the studied Gln 61 substituted proteins, p21ras major catalyzing effect, which consists of stabilizing a more GDP-like state, is lost.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	55-61
31368593-1	2019	The small GTPase Rab7 is a key organizer of receptor sorting and lysosomal degradation by recruiting of a variety of effectors depending on its GDP/GTP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	RAB7A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	17-21
30979377-2	2019	Such effects are partly due to the inactivation of the anti-migratory RhoB GTPase via the inhibitory phosphorylation of GEF-H1, the GDP/GTP exchange factor for RhoB.	Guanosine Diphosphate	132-135	ras homolog family member B	Homo sapiens	70-74
30796162-4	2019	Here, we report that the Ras of complex protein (ROC) domain of LRRK2 exists in a dynamic dimer-monomer equilibrium that is oppositely driven by GDP and GTP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	145-148	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	64-69
30971271-3	2019	RESULTS: Here we identified a small molecule KRAS agonist, KRA-533, that binds the GTP/GDP-binding pocket of KRAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	45-49
30971271-3	2019	RESULTS: Here we identified a small molecule KRAS agonist, KRA-533, that binds the GTP/GDP-binding pocket of KRAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	mitochondrial ribosome associated GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	83-86
30971271-3	2019	RESULTS: Here we identified a small molecule KRAS agonist, KRA-533, that binds the GTP/GDP-binding pocket of KRAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	109-113
30971271-4	2019	In vitro GDP/GTP exchange assay reveals that KRA-533 activates KRAS by preventing the cleavage of GTP into GDP, leading to the accumulation of GTP-KRAS, an active form of KRAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	63-67
30971271-4	2019	In vitro GDP/GTP exchange assay reveals that KRA-533 activates KRAS by preventing the cleavage of GTP into GDP, leading to the accumulation of GTP-KRAS, an active form of KRAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	mitochondrial ribosome associated GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	98-101
30971271-4	2019	In vitro GDP/GTP exchange assay reveals that KRA-533 activates KRAS by preventing the cleavage of GTP into GDP, leading to the accumulation of GTP-KRAS, an active form of KRAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	mitochondrial ribosome associated GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	98-101
30971271-4	2019	In vitro GDP/GTP exchange assay reveals that KRA-533 activates KRAS by preventing the cleavage of GTP into GDP, leading to the accumulation of GTP-KRAS, an active form of KRAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	147-151
30971271-4	2019	In vitro GDP/GTP exchange assay reveals that KRA-533 activates KRAS by preventing the cleavage of GTP into GDP, leading to the accumulation of GTP-KRAS, an active form of KRAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	147-151
30971271-4	2019	In vitro GDP/GTP exchange assay reveals that KRA-533 activates KRAS by preventing the cleavage of GTP into GDP, leading to the accumulation of GTP-KRAS, an active form of KRAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	mitochondrial ribosome associated GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	13-16
30971271-4	2019	In vitro GDP/GTP exchange assay reveals that KRA-533 activates KRAS by preventing the cleavage of GTP into GDP, leading to the accumulation of GTP-KRAS, an active form of KRAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	63-67
30971271-4	2019	In vitro GDP/GTP exchange assay reveals that KRA-533 activates KRAS by preventing the cleavage of GTP into GDP, leading to the accumulation of GTP-KRAS, an active form of KRAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	147-151
30971271-4	2019	In vitro GDP/GTP exchange assay reveals that KRA-533 activates KRAS by preventing the cleavage of GTP into GDP, leading to the accumulation of GTP-KRAS, an active form of KRAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	147-151
30539422-6	2019	As the GDP-bound form represents the GPCR-binding-competent state, the presented NMR data will be essential for further studies on G-protein-GPCR interactions and dynamics in solution for receptor systems that couple to G-proteins containing an inhibitory Galpha,1 subunit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	7-10	vomeronasal 1 receptor 17 pseudogene	Homo sapiens	37-41
30539422-6	2019	As the GDP-bound form represents the GPCR-binding-competent state, the presented NMR data will be essential for further studies on G-protein-GPCR interactions and dynamics in solution for receptor systems that couple to G-proteins containing an inhibitory Galpha,1 subunit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	7-10	vomeronasal 1 receptor 17 pseudogene	Homo sapiens	141-145
30798456-1	2019	K-Ras exists in two distinct structural conformations specific to binding of GDP and GTP nucleotides.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	0-5
30767320-4	2019	Here we showed that transplantation of BM cells expressing membrane-targeted C3G (C3G-F), a Rap1 GTP/GDP exchanger, resulted in the progressive decline of the numbers of HSPC repopulated in BM with time and impaired long-term hematopoiesis of all cell lineages.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 1	Mus musculus	77-80
30767320-4	2019	Here we showed that transplantation of BM cells expressing membrane-targeted C3G (C3G-F), a Rap1 GTP/GDP exchanger, resulted in the progressive decline of the numbers of HSPC repopulated in BM with time and impaired long-term hematopoiesis of all cell lineages.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 1	Mus musculus	82-87
30767320-4	2019	Here we showed that transplantation of BM cells expressing membrane-targeted C3G (C3G-F), a Rap1 GTP/GDP exchanger, resulted in the progressive decline of the numbers of HSPC repopulated in BM with time and impaired long-term hematopoiesis of all cell lineages.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	RAS-related protein 1a	Mus musculus	92-96
30804014-2	2019	GDP-bound cytoplasmic forms of Rab proteins are prone to aggregation due to the exposure of hydrophobic groups but the machinery that determines the fate of Rab species in the cytosol has not been elucidated in detail.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	31-34
30804014-2	2019	GDP-bound cytoplasmic forms of Rab proteins are prone to aggregation due to the exposure of hydrophobic groups but the machinery that determines the fate of Rab species in the cytosol has not been elucidated in detail.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	157-160
30804014-3	2019	In this study, we find that BAG6 (BAT3/Scythe) predominantly recognizes a cryptic portion of GDP-associated Rab8a, while its major GTP-bound active form is not recognized.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	BAG cochaperone 6	Homo sapiens	28-32
30804014-3	2019	In this study, we find that BAG6 (BAT3/Scythe) predominantly recognizes a cryptic portion of GDP-associated Rab8a, while its major GTP-bound active form is not recognized.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	BAG cochaperone 6	Homo sapiens	34-38
30804014-3	2019	In this study, we find that BAG6 (BAT3/Scythe) predominantly recognizes a cryptic portion of GDP-associated Rab8a, while its major GTP-bound active form is not recognized.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	BAG cochaperone 6	Homo sapiens	39-45
30804014-3	2019	In this study, we find that BAG6 (BAT3/Scythe) predominantly recognizes a cryptic portion of GDP-associated Rab8a, while its major GTP-bound active form is not recognized.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	108-113
30592623-3	2019	Recent study has shown that LRRK2 G-domain cycles between monomeric and dimeric conformations upon binding to GTP or guanosine diphosphate, and that the Parkinson"s disease (PD)-associated R1441C/G/H mutations impair the G-domain monomer-dimer dynamics and trap the G-domain in a constitutive monomeric conformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	117-138	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	28-33
31004081-1	2019	Rho GTPase-activating protein 26 (ARHGAP26) is a negative regulator of the Rho family that converts the small GTP-binding protein RhoA (GTP-RhoA) to its inactive GDP-bound form and is a putative tumor suppressor gene associated with cell growth and migration.	Guanosine Diphosphate	162-165	Rho GTPase activating protein 26	Homo sapiens	0-32
31004081-1	2019	Rho GTPase-activating protein 26 (ARHGAP26) is a negative regulator of the Rho family that converts the small GTP-binding protein RhoA (GTP-RhoA) to its inactive GDP-bound form and is a putative tumor suppressor gene associated with cell growth and migration.	Guanosine Diphosphate	162-165	Rho GTPase activating protein 26	Homo sapiens	34-42
30733383-2	2019	Studies have shown that the cytoplasmic domain of Wsc1p initiates the CWI signaling cascade by interacting with Rom2p, a Rho1-GDP-GTP exchange factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-129	Slg1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	50-55
30733383-2	2019	Studies have shown that the cytoplasmic domain of Wsc1p initiates the CWI signaling cascade by interacting with Rom2p, a Rho1-GDP-GTP exchange factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-129	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor ROM2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	112-117
30733383-2	2019	Studies have shown that the cytoplasmic domain of Wsc1p initiates the CWI signaling cascade by interacting with Rom2p, a Rho1-GDP-GTP exchange factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-129	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	121-125
30979377-2	2019	Such effects are partly due to the inactivation of the anti-migratory RhoB GTPase via the inhibitory phosphorylation of GEF-H1, the GDP/GTP exchange factor for RhoB.	Guanosine Diphosphate	132-135	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	120-126
30979377-2	2019	Such effects are partly due to the inactivation of the anti-migratory RhoB GTPase via the inhibitory phosphorylation of GEF-H1, the GDP/GTP exchange factor for RhoB.	Guanosine Diphosphate	132-135	ras homolog family member B	Homo sapiens	160-164
30872413-7	2019	SH3BP5 pulls out and deforms switch I of Rab11a so as to facilitate the GDP release from Rab11a.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	SH3 domain binding protein 5	Homo sapiens	0-6
30872413-7	2019	SH3BP5 pulls out and deforms switch I of Rab11a so as to facilitate the GDP release from Rab11a.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	41-47
30872413-7	2019	SH3BP5 pulls out and deforms switch I of Rab11a so as to facilitate the GDP release from Rab11a.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	89-95
30891502-1	2019	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) plays critical roles in the maintenance of cell morphology by cycling between inactive guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound and active guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	137-158	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-42
30891502-1	2019	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) plays critical roles in the maintenance of cell morphology by cycling between inactive guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound and active guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	137-158	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	44-48
30891502-1	2019	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) plays critical roles in the maintenance of cell morphology by cycling between inactive guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound and active guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	160-163	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-42
30891502-1	2019	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) plays critical roles in the maintenance of cell morphology by cycling between inactive guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound and active guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	160-163	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	44-48
30891502-2	2019	Rac1 P29S mutant is known to strongly promote oncogenesis by facilitating its intrinsic GDP dissociation and thereby increasing the level of the GTP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
30754684-4	2019	Cdc42 switches from inactive guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound to active GTP-bound though guanine-nucleotide-exchange factors (GEFs), results in activation of signaling cascades that regulate various cellular processes such as cytoskeletal changes, proliferation and polarity establishment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-50	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	0-5
30857122-1	2019	The small GTPase, Rab7a, and the regulators of its GDP/GTP-binding status were shown to have roles in both endocytic membrane traffic and autophagy.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	RAB7A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	18-23
30481338-4	2019	Regulator of G protein signaling 1 (RGS1) functions to convert the GTP-bound Galpha to the GDP-bound form through its GTPase-accelerating protein (GAP) activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	REGULATOR OF G-PROTEIN SIGNALING 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-34
30481338-4	2019	Regulator of G protein signaling 1 (RGS1) functions to convert the GTP-bound Galpha to the GDP-bound form through its GTPase-accelerating protein (GAP) activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	REGULATOR OF G-PROTEIN SIGNALING 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	36-40
30911586-3	2019	As a result, miR-143#12 induced a marked growth inhibition with apoptosis through impairing RAS-signaling networks, including SOS1, which exchanges guanosine diphosphate (GDP)/RAS for active guanosine triphosphate (GTP)/RAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-169	microRNA 143	Homo sapiens	13-23
30911586-3	2019	As a result, miR-143#12 induced a marked growth inhibition with apoptosis through impairing RAS-signaling networks, including SOS1, which exchanges guanosine diphosphate (GDP)/RAS for active guanosine triphosphate (GTP)/RAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-169	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	126-130
30911586-3	2019	As a result, miR-143#12 induced a marked growth inhibition with apoptosis through impairing RAS-signaling networks, including SOS1, which exchanges guanosine diphosphate (GDP)/RAS for active guanosine triphosphate (GTP)/RAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	171-174	microRNA 143	Homo sapiens	13-23
30911586-3	2019	As a result, miR-143#12 induced a marked growth inhibition with apoptosis through impairing RAS-signaling networks, including SOS1, which exchanges guanosine diphosphate (GDP)/RAS for active guanosine triphosphate (GTP)/RAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	171-174	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	126-130
30754684-4	2019	Cdc42 switches from inactive guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound to active GTP-bound though guanine-nucleotide-exchange factors (GEFs), results in activation of signaling cascades that regulate various cellular processes such as cytoskeletal changes, proliferation and polarity establishment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	0-5
30605611-5	2019	We demonstrate that the switching between GTP and GDP binding states, which is governed by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), GDI, and GDI displacement factor (GDF), is a major determinant of Rab1"s ability to effectively cycle between cellular compartments and eventually its subcellular distribution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	236-240
30674674-2	2019	P-eIF2alpha inhibits eIF2B, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor that recycles inactive eIF2 GDP to active eIF2 GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	21-26
30674674-2	2019	P-eIF2alpha inhibits eIF2B, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor that recycles inactive eIF2 GDP to active eIF2 GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	2-6
30674674-2	2019	P-eIF2alpha inhibits eIF2B, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor that recycles inactive eIF2 GDP to active eIF2 GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	21-25
30699338-3	2019	VU0463271 increased the depolarizing GABAergic synaptic drive onto neonatal CA3 pyramidal neurons, increasing their spiking probability and synchrony during the rising phase of a GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	179-182	carbonic anhydrase 3	Rattus norvegicus	76-79
30612907-6	2019	A disease-causing mutation within KIF1A that reduces preferential binding to GDP- versus GTP-rich microtubules disrupts SVP delivery and reduces presynaptic release upon neuronal stimulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	kinesin family member 1A	Homo sapiens	34-39
30621237-2	2019	It differs from RAC1 by a 19 amino acid in frame insertion, termed exon 3b, resulting in an accelerated GDP/GTP-exchange and an impaired GTP-hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	16-20
31474712-0	2019	GDP-Bound Rab27a Dissociates from the Endocytic Machinery in a Phosphorylation-Dependent Manner after Insulin Secretion.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	10-16
31474712-0	2019	GDP-Bound Rab27a Dissociates from the Endocytic Machinery in a Phosphorylation-Dependent Manner after Insulin Secretion.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	insulin	Homo sapiens	102-109
31474712-3	2019	We have previously shown that in response to high concentrations of glucose, guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP)-bound Rab27a is recruited to the plasma membrane where IQ motif-containing guanosine 5"-triphosphatase (GTPase)-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) is expressed, and that complex formation promotes endocytosis of secretory membranes after insulin secretion.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-101	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	114-120
31474712-3	2019	We have previously shown that in response to high concentrations of glucose, guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP)-bound Rab27a is recruited to the plasma membrane where IQ motif-containing guanosine 5"-triphosphatase (GTPase)-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) is expressed, and that complex formation promotes endocytosis of secretory membranes after insulin secretion.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-101	IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	242-248
31474712-3	2019	We have previously shown that in response to high concentrations of glucose, guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP)-bound Rab27a is recruited to the plasma membrane where IQ motif-containing guanosine 5"-triphosphatase (GTPase)-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) is expressed, and that complex formation promotes endocytosis of secretory membranes after insulin secretion.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-101	insulin	Homo sapiens	341-348
31474712-3	2019	We have previously shown that in response to high concentrations of glucose, guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP)-bound Rab27a is recruited to the plasma membrane where IQ motif-containing guanosine 5"-triphosphatase (GTPase)-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) is expressed, and that complex formation promotes endocytosis of secretory membranes after insulin secretion.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	114-120
31474712-3	2019	We have previously shown that in response to high concentrations of glucose, guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP)-bound Rab27a is recruited to the plasma membrane where IQ motif-containing guanosine 5"-triphosphatase (GTPase)-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) is expressed, and that complex formation promotes endocytosis of secretory membranes after insulin secretion.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	242-248
31474712-3	2019	We have previously shown that in response to high concentrations of glucose, guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP)-bound Rab27a is recruited to the plasma membrane where IQ motif-containing guanosine 5"-triphosphatase (GTPase)-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) is expressed, and that complex formation promotes endocytosis of secretory membranes after insulin secretion.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	insulin	Homo sapiens	341-348
31474712-5	2019	Phosphorylation of IQGAP1 on serine (Ser)-1443, a site recognized by protein kinase Cepsilon (PKCepsilon), inhibited the interaction of GDP-bound Rab27a with IQGAP1 in a Cdc42-independent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	19-25
31474712-5	2019	Phosphorylation of IQGAP1 on serine (Ser)-1443, a site recognized by protein kinase Cepsilon (PKCepsilon), inhibited the interaction of GDP-bound Rab27a with IQGAP1 in a Cdc42-independent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	69-92
31474712-5	2019	Phosphorylation of IQGAP1 on serine (Ser)-1443, a site recognized by protein kinase Cepsilon (PKCepsilon), inhibited the interaction of GDP-bound Rab27a with IQGAP1 in a Cdc42-independent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	94-104
31474712-5	2019	Phosphorylation of IQGAP1 on serine (Ser)-1443, a site recognized by protein kinase Cepsilon (PKCepsilon), inhibited the interaction of GDP-bound Rab27a with IQGAP1 in a Cdc42-independent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	146-152
31474712-5	2019	Phosphorylation of IQGAP1 on serine (Ser)-1443, a site recognized by protein kinase Cepsilon (PKCepsilon), inhibited the interaction of GDP-bound Rab27a with IQGAP1 in a Cdc42-independent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	158-164
31474712-5	2019	Phosphorylation of IQGAP1 on serine (Ser)-1443, a site recognized by protein kinase Cepsilon (PKCepsilon), inhibited the interaction of GDP-bound Rab27a with IQGAP1 in a Cdc42-independent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	170-175
31474712-9	2019	These results suggest that IQGAP1 phosphorylated by PKCepsilon promotes the dissociation of the IQGAP1-GDP-bound Rab27a complex in pancreatic beta-cells, thereby regulating endocytosis of secretory membranes following insulin secretion.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	27-33
31474712-9	2019	These results suggest that IQGAP1 phosphorylated by PKCepsilon promotes the dissociation of the IQGAP1-GDP-bound Rab27a complex in pancreatic beta-cells, thereby regulating endocytosis of secretory membranes following insulin secretion.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	52-62
31474712-9	2019	These results suggest that IQGAP1 phosphorylated by PKCepsilon promotes the dissociation of the IQGAP1-GDP-bound Rab27a complex in pancreatic beta-cells, thereby regulating endocytosis of secretory membranes following insulin secretion.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	96-102
31474712-9	2019	These results suggest that IQGAP1 phosphorylated by PKCepsilon promotes the dissociation of the IQGAP1-GDP-bound Rab27a complex in pancreatic beta-cells, thereby regulating endocytosis of secretory membranes following insulin secretion.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	113-119
31474712-9	2019	These results suggest that IQGAP1 phosphorylated by PKCepsilon promotes the dissociation of the IQGAP1-GDP-bound Rab27a complex in pancreatic beta-cells, thereby regulating endocytosis of secretory membranes following insulin secretion.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	insulin	Homo sapiens	218-225
30558664-1	2018	BACKGROUND: FGD4 (Frabin) is an F-actin binding protein with GTP/GDP exchange activity specific for CDC42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing 4	Homo sapiens	12-16
30558664-1	2018	BACKGROUND: FGD4 (Frabin) is an F-actin binding protein with GTP/GDP exchange activity specific for CDC42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	100-105
30544910-4	2018	The cycling of Rac1 between the GTP (guanosine triphosphate)- and GDP (guanosine diphosphate)-bound states is essential for effective signal flow to elicit downstream biological functions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	15-19
30544910-4	2018	The cycling of Rac1 between the GTP (guanosine triphosphate)- and GDP (guanosine diphosphate)-bound states is essential for effective signal flow to elicit downstream biological functions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-92	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	15-19
30394597-2	2018	GTPase Rac1 was one protein identified, and interfering with its GTP/GDP cycle in mixed primary rat brain cultures affected both the clustering of GLT-1 at the astrocytic processes and the transport kinetics, increasing its uptake activity at low micromolar glutamate concentrations in a manner that was dependent on the effector kinase PAK1 and the actin cytoskeleton.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	7-11
30394597-2	2018	GTPase Rac1 was one protein identified, and interfering with its GTP/GDP cycle in mixed primary rat brain cultures affected both the clustering of GLT-1 at the astrocytic processes and the transport kinetics, increasing its uptake activity at low micromolar glutamate concentrations in a manner that was dependent on the effector kinase PAK1 and the actin cytoskeleton.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	solute carrier family 1 member 2	Rattus norvegicus	147-152
30466600-6	2018	All three DoGMT proteins were targeted to Golgi apparatus, and had a GDP binding domain (GXL/VNK) that was homologous to a specially characterized GMT protein GONST1 in Arabidopsis thaliana.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	golgi nucleotide sugar transporter 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	159-165
30498400-11	2018	In order for the ICER for the combined intervention to be within a range of 1 GDP per capita per DALY averted, the annual malaria incidence in the area should be at least 13%, and the protective-effectiveness of combined implementation should be at least 53%.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	cAMP responsive element modulator	Homo sapiens	17-21
30412578-6	2018	In particular, dissection of the cross-correlations of atomic displacements in both the GTP and GDP-bound states of Ras, transducin and elongation factor EF-Tu reveals analogous dynamic features.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	154-159
29757466-10	2018	NADPH oxidase activation is regulated by several processes such as phosphorylation of its components, exchange of GDP/GTP on Rac2 and binding of p47phox and p40phox to phospholipids.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	125-129
30091236-8	2018	Thus, even though LRRK2 Roc-COR forms GAD-like homodimers, it exhibits conventional Ras-like GTPase properties, with high-affinity binding of Mg2+ -GTP/GDP and low intrinsic catalytic activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	152-155	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	18-23
30407917-3	2018	The GTPase Rac1 coordinates multiple signaling pathways that specify SG release and Rac1 activity is controlled in part by GDP/GTP exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	11-15
30407917-3	2018	The GTPase Rac1 coordinates multiple signaling pathways that specify SG release and Rac1 activity is controlled in part by GDP/GTP exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	84-88
30205005-1	2018	Son of sevenless homologue 1 (SOS1) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that catalyzes the exchange of GDP for GTP on RAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-28
30205005-1	2018	Son of sevenless homologue 1 (SOS1) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that catalyzes the exchange of GDP for GTP on RAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	30-34
30211544-4	2018	Upon start codon selection and GTP hydrolysis promoted by the GTPase-activating protein (GAP) eIF5, eIF2-GDP is displaced from Met-tRNAi by eIF5B-GTP and is released in complex with eIF5.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	94-98
30211544-4	2018	Upon start codon selection and GTP hydrolysis promoted by the GTPase-activating protein (GAP) eIF5, eIF2-GDP is displaced from Met-tRNAi by eIF5B-GTP and is released in complex with eIF5.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	100-104
30211544-4	2018	Upon start codon selection and GTP hydrolysis promoted by the GTPase-activating protein (GAP) eIF5, eIF2-GDP is displaced from Met-tRNAi by eIF5B-GTP and is released in complex with eIF5.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	140-145
30211544-4	2018	Upon start codon selection and GTP hydrolysis promoted by the GTPase-activating protein (GAP) eIF5, eIF2-GDP is displaced from Met-tRNAi by eIF5B-GTP and is released in complex with eIF5.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	140-144
30211544-11	2018	Our results indicate that in humans, eIF5B displacing eIF2 from Met-tRNAi upon subunit joining may be coupled to eIF1A displacing eIF5 from eIF5B, allowing the eIF5:eIF2-GDP complex to leave the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-173	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	37-42
30211544-11	2018	Our results indicate that in humans, eIF5B displacing eIF2 from Met-tRNAi upon subunit joining may be coupled to eIF1A displacing eIF5 from eIF5B, allowing the eIF5:eIF2-GDP complex to leave the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-173	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	54-58
30211544-11	2018	Our results indicate that in humans, eIF5B displacing eIF2 from Met-tRNAi upon subunit joining may be coupled to eIF1A displacing eIF5 from eIF5B, allowing the eIF5:eIF2-GDP complex to leave the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-173	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A X-linked	Homo sapiens	113-118
30211544-11	2018	Our results indicate that in humans, eIF5B displacing eIF2 from Met-tRNAi upon subunit joining may be coupled to eIF1A displacing eIF5 from eIF5B, allowing the eIF5:eIF2-GDP complex to leave the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-173	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	37-41
30211544-11	2018	Our results indicate that in humans, eIF5B displacing eIF2 from Met-tRNAi upon subunit joining may be coupled to eIF1A displacing eIF5 from eIF5B, allowing the eIF5:eIF2-GDP complex to leave the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-173	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	140-145
30211544-11	2018	Our results indicate that in humans, eIF5B displacing eIF2 from Met-tRNAi upon subunit joining may be coupled to eIF1A displacing eIF5 from eIF5B, allowing the eIF5:eIF2-GDP complex to leave the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-173	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	130-134
30211544-11	2018	Our results indicate that in humans, eIF5B displacing eIF2 from Met-tRNAi upon subunit joining may be coupled to eIF1A displacing eIF5 from eIF5B, allowing the eIF5:eIF2-GDP complex to leave the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-173	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	165-169
29721757-0	2018	NMR 1H,13C, 15N backbone and 13C side chain resonance assignment of the G12C mutant of human K-Ras bound to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	93-98
29721757-6	2018	We report here 1HN, 15N, and 13C resonance assignments for the 19.3 kDa (aa 1-169) human K-Ras protein harboring an oncogenic G12C mutation in the GDP-bound form (K-RASG12C-GDP), using heteronuclear, multidimensional NMR spectroscopy.	Guanosine Diphosphate	147-150	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	89-94
29721757-6	2018	We report here 1HN, 15N, and 13C resonance assignments for the 19.3 kDa (aa 1-169) human K-Ras protein harboring an oncogenic G12C mutation in the GDP-bound form (K-RASG12C-GDP), using heteronuclear, multidimensional NMR spectroscopy.	Guanosine Diphosphate	173-176	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	89-94
29229665-2	2018	On the PM, the ubiquitously expressed Ras isoforms, H-, N-, and K-Ras, spatially segregate to nonoverlapping nanometer-sized domains, called nanoclusters, with further lateral segregation into nonoverlapping guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound and guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound nanoclusters.	Guanosine Diphosphate	247-268	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	64-69
29229665-2	2018	On the PM, the ubiquitously expressed Ras isoforms, H-, N-, and K-Ras, spatially segregate to nonoverlapping nanometer-sized domains, called nanoclusters, with further lateral segregation into nonoverlapping guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound and guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound nanoclusters.	Guanosine Diphosphate	270-273	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	64-69
30281470-2	2018	To sustain the on-going translation activity, eIF2 cycles between its GTP and GDP bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	46-50
29417338-5	2018	EPAC is present in two isoforms EPAC1 and EPAC2, which exhibit different tissue distribution and is involved in GDP/GTP exchange along with activating Rap1- and Rap2-mediated signaling pathways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
29417338-5	2018	EPAC is present in two isoforms EPAC1 and EPAC2, which exhibit different tissue distribution and is involved in GDP/GTP exchange along with activating Rap1- and Rap2-mediated signaling pathways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	32-37
29417338-5	2018	EPAC is present in two isoforms EPAC1 and EPAC2, which exhibit different tissue distribution and is involved in GDP/GTP exchange along with activating Rap1- and Rap2-mediated signaling pathways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens	42-47
30093406-7	2018	Using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET), we show that the pSer-218-dependent RGS14/14-3-3gamma interaction inhibits active Galphai1-AlF4- binding to the RGS domain of RGS14 but has no effect on active H-Ras and inactive Galphai1-GDP binding to RGS14.	Guanosine Diphosphate	244-247	regulator of G protein signaling 14	Homo sapiens	92-97
30093406-7	2018	Using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET), we show that the pSer-218-dependent RGS14/14-3-3gamma interaction inhibits active Galphai1-AlF4- binding to the RGS domain of RGS14 but has no effect on active H-Ras and inactive Galphai1-GDP binding to RGS14.	Guanosine Diphosphate	244-247	tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein gamma	Homo sapiens	98-109
30093406-7	2018	Using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET), we show that the pSer-218-dependent RGS14/14-3-3gamma interaction inhibits active Galphai1-AlF4- binding to the RGS domain of RGS14 but has no effect on active H-Ras and inactive Galphai1-GDP binding to RGS14.	Guanosine Diphosphate	244-247	regulator of G protein signaling 14	Homo sapiens	182-187
30093406-7	2018	Using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET), we show that the pSer-218-dependent RGS14/14-3-3gamma interaction inhibits active Galphai1-AlF4- binding to the RGS domain of RGS14 but has no effect on active H-Ras and inactive Galphai1-GDP binding to RGS14.	Guanosine Diphosphate	244-247	regulator of G protein signaling 14	Homo sapiens	182-187
30181260-7	2018	Upon arginine binding, SLC38A9 converts RagA from the GDP- to the GTP-loaded state, and therefore activates the Rag GTPase heterodimer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	solute carrier family 38 member 9	Homo sapiens	23-30
30181260-7	2018	Upon arginine binding, SLC38A9 converts RagA from the GDP- to the GTP-loaded state, and therefore activates the Rag GTPase heterodimer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	Ras related GTP binding A	Homo sapiens	40-44
30181242-4	2018	FR allosterically inhibited guanosine diphosphate-for-guanosine triphosphate (GDP/GTP) exchange to trap constitutively active Galphaq in inactive, GDP-bound Galphabetagamma heterotrimers.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	G protein subunit alpha q	Homo sapiens	126-133
30523271-3	2018	In present study, we discover that Guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP) encapsulated in lipid vesicle (NH+) was found to inhibit NF-kB activation by limiting phosphorylation and degradation of IkBalpha, thus, attenuating IL-6 secretion from macrophage cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-59	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	215-219
30523271-3	2018	In present study, we discover that Guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP) encapsulated in lipid vesicle (NH+) was found to inhibit NF-kB activation by limiting phosphorylation and degradation of IkBalpha, thus, attenuating IL-6 secretion from macrophage cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	215-219
30500825-0	2018	De novo mutations in the GTP/GDP-binding region of RALA, a RAS-like small GTPase, cause intellectual disability and developmental delay.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	51-55
30500825-6	2018	Further, all de novo variants described here affect residues within the GTP/GDP-binding region of RALA; in fact, six alleles arose at only two codons, Val25 and Lys128.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	98-102
29967243-1	2018	Rac1 is a small guanine nucleotide binding protein that cycles between an inactive GDP-bound and active GTP-bound state to regulate cell motility and migration.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
30406994-2	2018	As guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), they bind Galpha GDP and inhibit GDP to GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	64-70
29967243-4	2018	We found that Rac1 proteins in the GTP- and GDP-bound states assemble into nonoverlapping nanoclusters; thus, Rac1 proteins undergo nucleotide-dependent segregation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	14-18
29967243-4	2018	We found that Rac1 proteins in the GTP- and GDP-bound states assemble into nonoverlapping nanoclusters; thus, Rac1 proteins undergo nucleotide-dependent segregation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	110-114
30097175-8	2018	The conformational change facilitates loading KRas4B-GDP at the catalytic site and opening the KRas4B nucleotide-binding site for GDP release and GTP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	46-52
30097175-2	2018	The CDC25 domain of SOS1 catalyzes GDP-to-GTP exchange, thereby activating Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	cell division cycle 25C	Homo sapiens	4-9
30097175-2	2018	The CDC25 domain of SOS1 catalyzes GDP-to-GTP exchange, thereby activating Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	20-24
30097175-6	2018	Our simulations indicate that KRas4B-GTP interacts with the REM allosteric site more strongly than with the CDC25 catalytic site, consistent with its allosteric role in the GDP-to-GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	173-176	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	30-36
30097175-6	2018	Our simulations indicate that KRas4B-GTP interacts with the REM allosteric site more strongly than with the CDC25 catalytic site, consistent with its allosteric role in the GDP-to-GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	173-176	cell division cycle 25C	Homo sapiens	108-113
29848618-8	2018	Starvation-induced FLCN-FNIP lysosome localization requires GAP activity toward Rags 1 (GATOR1), the GAP that converts RagA/B to the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-154	folliculin	Homo sapiens	19-23
29848618-8	2018	Starvation-induced FLCN-FNIP lysosome localization requires GAP activity toward Rags 1 (GATOR1), the GAP that converts RagA/B to the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-154	Ras related GTP binding A	Homo sapiens	119-125
29848618-8	2018	Starvation-induced FLCN-FNIP lysosome localization requires GAP activity toward Rags 1 (GATOR1), the GAP that converts RagA/B to the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	folliculin	Homo sapiens	19-23
29848618-8	2018	Starvation-induced FLCN-FNIP lysosome localization requires GAP activity toward Rags 1 (GATOR1), the GAP that converts RagA/B to the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	Ras related GTP binding A	Homo sapiens	119-125
30097175-8	2018	The conformational change facilitates loading KRas4B-GDP at the catalytic site and opening the KRas4B nucleotide-binding site for GDP release and GTP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	95-101
30097175-8	2018	The conformational change facilitates loading KRas4B-GDP at the catalytic site and opening the KRas4B nucleotide-binding site for GDP release and GTP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-133	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	46-52
30097175-8	2018	The conformational change facilitates loading KRas4B-GDP at the catalytic site and opening the KRas4B nucleotide-binding site for GDP release and GTP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-133	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	95-101
30097175-10	2018	By contrast, in the slow cycle, KRas4B-GDP binds at the allosteric REM site.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	32-38
30097175-12	2018	The increasing binding strength at both binding sites due to interactions of regions other than switch I and II retards GDP release from the catalytic KRas4B, thus KRas4B activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	151-157
30097175-12	2018	The increasing binding strength at both binding sites due to interactions of regions other than switch I and II retards GDP release from the catalytic KRas4B, thus KRas4B activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	164-170
30063210-4	2018	Both constitutively GTP- and GDP-forms of rap-2 mutants exhibit synaptic tiling defects as plx-1 mutants, suggesting that cycling of the RAP-2 nucleotide state is critical for synapse inhibition.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	Small monomeric GTPase	Caenorhabditis elegans	42-47
30063210-4	2018	Both constitutively GTP- and GDP-forms of rap-2 mutants exhibit synaptic tiling defects as plx-1 mutants, suggesting that cycling of the RAP-2 nucleotide state is critical for synapse inhibition.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	Sema domain-containing protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	91-96
30063210-4	2018	Both constitutively GTP- and GDP-forms of rap-2 mutants exhibit synaptic tiling defects as plx-1 mutants, suggesting that cycling of the RAP-2 nucleotide state is critical for synapse inhibition.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	Small monomeric GTPase	Caenorhabditis elegans	137-142
29940100-8	2018	In contrast, the affinity of SmgGDS-607 for RhoA varies with the nucleotide bound to RhoA; SmgGDS-607 has a higher affinity for RhoA-GDP compared to RhoA-GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	29-35
29940100-8	2018	In contrast, the affinity of SmgGDS-607 for RhoA varies with the nucleotide bound to RhoA; SmgGDS-607 has a higher affinity for RhoA-GDP compared to RhoA-GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	44-48
29940100-8	2018	In contrast, the affinity of SmgGDS-607 for RhoA varies with the nucleotide bound to RhoA; SmgGDS-607 has a higher affinity for RhoA-GDP compared to RhoA-GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	85-89
29940100-8	2018	In contrast, the affinity of SmgGDS-607 for RhoA varies with the nucleotide bound to RhoA; SmgGDS-607 has a higher affinity for RhoA-GDP compared to RhoA-GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	91-97
29940100-8	2018	In contrast, the affinity of SmgGDS-607 for RhoA varies with the nucleotide bound to RhoA; SmgGDS-607 has a higher affinity for RhoA-GDP compared to RhoA-GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	85-89
29940100-8	2018	In contrast, the affinity of SmgGDS-607 for RhoA varies with the nucleotide bound to RhoA; SmgGDS-607 has a higher affinity for RhoA-GDP compared to RhoA-GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	85-89
29958739-10	2018	One-way sensitivity analyses found vaccine cost to be the common and most influential parameter for ICER of each vaccination strategy to become <1 x GDP per capita.	Guanosine Diphosphate	152-155	cAMP responsive element modulator	Homo sapiens	100-104
29920300-0	2018	6-Thioguanine inhibits rotavirus replication through suppression of Rac1 GDP/GTP cycling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	68-72
29874286-7	2018	After identifying the binding sites and the residue interaction networks in the representatives, we computationally showed that these binding sites may allosterically regulate Rab11, as these sites communicate with switch 2 region that binds to GTP/GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	249-252	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	176-181
27588611-1	2018	Guanine nucleotide Exchange Factors (GEFs) are responsible for mediating GDP/GTP exchange for specific small G proteins, such as Rac.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	129-132
29604425-7	2018	It also demonstrates that the turning point value of the EKC appeared when the GDP per capita is around $40,000 (CNY) in the SRB, which means that the pollutant emissions show an increasing trend, when the GDP per capita is less than $40,000.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	chaperonin containing TCP1 subunit 4	Homo sapiens	125-128
29604425-7	2018	It also demonstrates that the turning point value of the EKC appeared when the GDP per capita is around $40,000 (CNY) in the SRB, which means that the pollutant emissions show an increasing trend, when the GDP per capita is less than $40,000.	Guanosine Diphosphate	206-209	chaperonin containing TCP1 subunit 4	Homo sapiens	125-128
29887313-2	2018	Among the many proteins involved in this process, Sec12 is a key regulator, functioning as the guanosine diphosphate (GDP) exchange factor for Sar1p, the small guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) that initiates COPII assembly.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-116	prolactin regulatory element binding	Homo sapiens	50-55
29887313-2	2018	Among the many proteins involved in this process, Sec12 is a key regulator, functioning as the guanosine diphosphate (GDP) exchange factor for Sar1p, the small guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) that initiates COPII assembly.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-116	secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1A	Homo sapiens	143-148
29887313-2	2018	Among the many proteins involved in this process, Sec12 is a key regulator, functioning as the guanosine diphosphate (GDP) exchange factor for Sar1p, the small guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) that initiates COPII assembly.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	prolactin regulatory element binding	Homo sapiens	50-55
29887313-2	2018	Among the many proteins involved in this process, Sec12 is a key regulator, functioning as the guanosine diphosphate (GDP) exchange factor for Sar1p, the small guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) that initiates COPII assembly.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1A	Homo sapiens	143-148
29784813-5	2018	The GTP-GDP cycle of the RagD-RagB pair, rather than the RagC-RagA pair, is critical for leucine-induced mTORC1 activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	8-11	Ras related GTP binding B	Homo sapiens	30-34
29784813-5	2018	The GTP-GDP cycle of the RagD-RagB pair, rather than the RagC-RagA pair, is critical for leucine-induced mTORC1 activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	8-11	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1	Mus musculus	105-111
29805788-3	2018	It is also supposed that detoxification of AGE precursors by glyoxalase-1 (GLO1) has beneficial effects on GDP-mediated toxicity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	Glyoxalase 1	Caenorhabditis elegans	61-73
29563216-7	2018	This interaction outcompeted ARF-6(guanosine diphosphate [GDP]) for binding to BRIS-1 in a concentration-dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-56	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Caenorhabditis elegans	29-34
29563216-7	2018	This interaction outcompeted ARF-6(guanosine diphosphate [GDP]) for binding to BRIS-1 in a concentration-dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Caenorhabditis elegans	29-34
29563216-11	2018	Our results suggest that the interaction of SAC-1 with ARF-6 curbs ARF-6 activity by limiting the access of ARF-6(GDP) to its guanine nucleotide exchange factor, BRIS-1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphatase SAC1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	44-49
29563216-11	2018	Our results suggest that the interaction of SAC-1 with ARF-6 curbs ARF-6 activity by limiting the access of ARF-6(GDP) to its guanine nucleotide exchange factor, BRIS-1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Caenorhabditis elegans	55-60
29805788-3	2018	It is also supposed that detoxification of AGE precursors by glyoxalase-1 (GLO1) has beneficial effects on GDP-mediated toxicity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	Glyoxalase 1	Caenorhabditis elegans	75-79
29805788-10	2018	Taken together, GLO1 overexpression protected from glucose-induced lifespan reduction, neurostructural damage and neurofunctional damage under low-GDP-conditions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	147-150	Glyoxalase 1	Caenorhabditis elegans	16-20
29805788-12	2018	Detoxification of reactive metabolites by GLO1 overexpression was sufficient to protect lifespan, neuronal integrity and neuronal function in a low-GDP environment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	Glyoxalase 1	Caenorhabditis elegans	42-46
29777099-1	2018	G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) activate heterotrimeric G proteins by mediating a GDP to GTP exchange in the Galpha subunit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	113-119
29743547-7	2018	We show that PAR2 stimulation promotes AKT phosphorylation which activates Rab5a by converting inactive Rab5a-GDP to active Rab5a-GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	F2R like trypsin receptor 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
29749929-5	2018	Competitive binding of PUF2 with GTP-bound ARA6 and GDP-bound canonical RAB5, together interacting with the shared activating factor VPS9a, showed that ARA6 negatively regulates canonical RAB5-mediated vacuolar transport by titrating PUF2 and VPS9a.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	Vacuolar sorting protein 9 (VPS9) domain-containing protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	133-138
29749929-5	2018	Competitive binding of PUF2 with GTP-bound ARA6 and GDP-bound canonical RAB5, together interacting with the shared activating factor VPS9a, showed that ARA6 negatively regulates canonical RAB5-mediated vacuolar transport by titrating PUF2 and VPS9a.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	Ras-related small GTP-binding family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	152-156
29749929-5	2018	Competitive binding of PUF2 with GTP-bound ARA6 and GDP-bound canonical RAB5, together interacting with the shared activating factor VPS9a, showed that ARA6 negatively regulates canonical RAB5-mediated vacuolar transport by titrating PUF2 and VPS9a.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	Vacuolar sorting protein 9 (VPS9) domain-containing protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	243-248
29229996-5	2018	Mutation analysis reveals that GTP-bound RAB37 exhibits an enhanced interaction with ATG5-12 and GDP-stabilised mutation impairs the interaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	RAB37, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	41-46
29712939-6	2018	Expression of dominant-negative (GDP-bound form) Rab7 inhibited lysosome trafficking in wild-type cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-36	RAB7A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	49-53
29712939-7	2018	Furthermore, a3 directly interacted with the GDP-bound forms of Rab7 and Rab27A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	RAB7A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	64-68
29712939-7	2018	Furthermore, a3 directly interacted with the GDP-bound forms of Rab7 and Rab27A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	73-79
29524424-4	2018	First, we found that pretreatment of mouse spleen T cells with 250 muM GTP, GDP, GMP, guanosine, ITP, IDP, IMP or inosine significantly reduced the release of stimulus-inducible cytokine IL-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	187-191
29716790-1	2018	A key site of translation control is the phosphorylation of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2alpha (eIF2alpha), which reduces the rate of GDP to GTP exchange by eIF2B, leading to altered translation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	151-154	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Homo sapiens	64-111
29743547-7	2018	We show that PAR2 stimulation promotes AKT phosphorylation which activates Rab5a by converting inactive Rab5a-GDP to active Rab5a-GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	39-42
29743547-7	2018	We show that PAR2 stimulation promotes AKT phosphorylation which activates Rab5a by converting inactive Rab5a-GDP to active Rab5a-GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	75-80
29743547-7	2018	We show that PAR2 stimulation promotes AKT phosphorylation which activates Rab5a by converting inactive Rab5a-GDP to active Rab5a-GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	104-109
29743547-7	2018	We show that PAR2 stimulation promotes AKT phosphorylation which activates Rab5a by converting inactive Rab5a-GDP to active Rab5a-GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	104-109
29716790-1	2018	A key site of translation control is the phosphorylation of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2alpha (eIF2alpha), which reduces the rate of GDP to GTP exchange by eIF2B, leading to altered translation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	151-154	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Homo sapiens	113-122
29719614-5	2018	The signal inhibition occurred at the level of H-Ras, as it showed impaired GDP-to-GTP exchange and further interaction with its effector molecule, Raf.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	47-52
29716790-1	2018	A key site of translation control is the phosphorylation of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2alpha (eIF2alpha), which reduces the rate of GDP to GTP exchange by eIF2B, leading to altered translation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	151-154	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	174-179
29408956-5	2018	The structure reveals a natural conformation of EF-G GDP in the ribosome, with a previously unseen conformation of its third domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
29196061-7	2018	Both activated RhoA and Rac1 can stimulate exchange of nucleotide on RhoA by localization of p190RhoGEF to its substrate, RhoA GDP, in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	127-130	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	15-19
29337043-8	2018	Geranylgeranylated TAT-Rab27A-GTP-gamma-S promoted the exchange of GDP for GTP on Rab3 and Rap1 detected by far-immunofluorescence with Rab3-GTP and Rap1-GTP binding cassettes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	23-29
29337043-8	2018	Geranylgeranylated TAT-Rab27A-GTP-gamma-S promoted the exchange of GDP for GTP on Rab3 and Rap1 detected by far-immunofluorescence with Rab3-GTP and Rap1-GTP binding cassettes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	91-95
29337043-8	2018	Geranylgeranylated TAT-Rab27A-GTP-gamma-S promoted the exchange of GDP for GTP on Rab3 and Rap1 detected by far-immunofluorescence with Rab3-GTP and Rap1-GTP binding cassettes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	149-153
29340604-6	2018	Moreover, our analysis of M-Ras mutant expression showed that phagosome formation was significantly inhibited in cells expressing GDP-locked mutant M-Ras-S27N.	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-133	muscle and microspikes RAS	Mus musculus	26-31
29340604-6	2018	Moreover, our analysis of M-Ras mutant expression showed that phagosome formation was significantly inhibited in cells expressing GDP-locked mutant M-Ras-S27N.	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-133	muscle and microspikes RAS	Mus musculus	148-153
29196061-7	2018	Both activated RhoA and Rac1 can stimulate exchange of nucleotide on RhoA by localization of p190RhoGEF to its substrate, RhoA GDP, in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	127-130	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	24-28
29196061-7	2018	Both activated RhoA and Rac1 can stimulate exchange of nucleotide on RhoA by localization of p190RhoGEF to its substrate, RhoA GDP, in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	127-130	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	69-73
29196061-7	2018	Both activated RhoA and Rac1 can stimulate exchange of nucleotide on RhoA by localization of p190RhoGEF to its substrate, RhoA GDP, in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	127-130	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 28	Homo sapiens	93-103
29196061-7	2018	Both activated RhoA and Rac1 can stimulate exchange of nucleotide on RhoA by localization of p190RhoGEF to its substrate, RhoA GDP, in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	127-130	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	69-73
29444814-6	2018	Overexpression of constitutive GTP- or GDP-bound mutant forms of Rabe1b in Arabidopsis and virus-induced silencing of Rabe1b in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) also reduced heat tolerance.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	RAB GTPase homolog E1B	Arabidopsis thaliana	65-71
29444814-7	2018	Compromised heat tolerance in the Arabidopsis rabe1b mutant and in the lines overexpressing constitutive GTP- or GDP-bound mutant Rabe1b proteins was associated with reduced plastid translation under heat stress.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	RAB GTPase homolog E1B	Arabidopsis thaliana	130-136
29410088-2	2018	Cytoplasmic p27 stimulates cell migration by associating with RhoA and interfering with the exchange of GDP from RhoA stimulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	interferon alpha inducible protein 27	Homo sapiens	12-15
29410088-2	2018	Cytoplasmic p27 stimulates cell migration by associating with RhoA and interfering with the exchange of GDP from RhoA stimulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	113-117
29425030-6	2018	The available evidence leads to the conclusion that eIF2 is channeled from the ribosome (as an eIF5 eIF2-GDP complex) to eIF2B, converted by eIF2B to the TC, which is then channeled back to eIF5 and the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	141-146
29540708-6	2018	The ratio between the ASR of AC and SCC was strongly correlated with HDI (r = 0.535 [men]; r = 0.661 [women]) and GDP (r = 0.594 [men]; r = 0.550 [women], both p < 0.001).	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	serpin family B member 3	Homo sapiens	36-39
29425030-6	2018	The available evidence leads to the conclusion that eIF2 is channeled from the ribosome (as an eIF5 eIF2-GDP complex) to eIF2B, converted by eIF2B to the TC, which is then channeled back to eIF5 and the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	190-194
29417736-4	2018	We hypothesize that the exit rate of eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1A (eEF1A)*GDP from the 80S ribosome depends on the protein affinity to specific aminoacyl-tRNA remaining on the ribosome after GTP hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	37-80
29417736-4	2018	We hypothesize that the exit rate of eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1A (eEF1A)*GDP from the 80S ribosome depends on the protein affinity to specific aminoacyl-tRNA remaining on the ribosome after GTP hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	82-87
29417736-5	2018	Subsequently, a slower dissociation of eEF1A*GDP from certain aminoacyl-tRNAs in the ribosome can negatively influence the ribosomal elongation rate in a tRNA-dependent and mRNA-independent way.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	39-44
29417736-6	2018	The specific tRNA-dependent departure rate of eEF1A*GDP from the ribosome is suggested to be a novel factor contributing to the overall translation elongation control in eukaryotic cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	46-51
28871449-1	2018	Dbl-family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) can activate RhoGTPases by facilitating the exchange of GDP for GTP, the aberrant expression of which has been implicated in tumorigenicity and metastasis of human cancers.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	0-3
29425030-6	2018	The available evidence leads to the conclusion that eIF2 is channeled from the ribosome (as an eIF5 eIF2-GDP complex) to eIF2B, converted by eIF2B to the TC, which is then channeled back to eIF5 and the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	52-56
29425030-6	2018	The available evidence leads to the conclusion that eIF2 is channeled from the ribosome (as an eIF5 eIF2-GDP complex) to eIF2B, converted by eIF2B to the TC, which is then channeled back to eIF5 and the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	95-99
29425030-6	2018	The available evidence leads to the conclusion that eIF2 is channeled from the ribosome (as an eIF5 eIF2-GDP complex) to eIF2B, converted by eIF2B to the TC, which is then channeled back to eIF5 and the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	100-104
29425030-6	2018	The available evidence leads to the conclusion that eIF2 is channeled from the ribosome (as an eIF5 eIF2-GDP complex) to eIF2B, converted by eIF2B to the TC, which is then channeled back to eIF5 and the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	121-126
29313669-2	2018	However, directly targeting oncogenic KRAS with small molecules in the nucleotide-binding site has been difficult because of the high affinity of KRAS for GDP and GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	155-158	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	38-42
29313669-2	2018	However, directly targeting oncogenic KRAS with small molecules in the nucleotide-binding site has been difficult because of the high affinity of KRAS for GDP and GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	155-158	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	146-150
29313669-3	2018	We designed an engineered allele of KRAS and a covalent inhibitor that competes for GTP and GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	36-40
29432733-2	2018	Recently, a self-activating mutation of Rac1, Rac1P29S, has been identified as a recurrent somatic mutation frequently found in sun-exposed melanomas, which possesses increased inherent GDP/GTP exchange activity and cell transforming ability.	Guanosine Diphosphate	186-189	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	40-44
29432733-4	2018	We found that the catalytic domain of DOCK1, a Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) implicated in malignancy of a variety of cancers, can greatly accelerate the GDP/GTP exchange of Rac1P29S.	Guanosine Diphosphate	178-181	dedicator of cytokinesis 1	Homo sapiens	38-43
29432733-4	2018	We found that the catalytic domain of DOCK1, a Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) implicated in malignancy of a variety of cancers, can greatly accelerate the GDP/GTP exchange of Rac1P29S.	Guanosine Diphosphate	178-181	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	47-50
29432733-4	2018	We found that the catalytic domain of DOCK1, a Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) implicated in malignancy of a variety of cancers, can greatly accelerate the GDP/GTP exchange of Rac1P29S.	Guanosine Diphosphate	178-181	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	60-94
29432733-4	2018	We found that the catalytic domain of DOCK1, a Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) implicated in malignancy of a variety of cancers, can greatly accelerate the GDP/GTP exchange of Rac1P29S.	Guanosine Diphosphate	178-181	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	96-99
29364868-3	2018	Lysosomes similarly undergo constant dynamic regulation by the RAB7 GTPase, which cycles from an active GTP-bound state into an inactive GDP-bound state upon GTP hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	137-140	RAB7A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	63-67
29367189-2	2018	TBC domain-containing proteins (TBC proteins) function as GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) for the small GTPase Rab, which can promote the hydrolysis of Rab-GTP to Rab-GDP in regulation of specific intracellular trafficking pathways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	169-172	ArfGAP with FG repeats 1	Homo sapiens	113-116
29280621-7	2018	Herein, we established that N-Ras preferentially populated raft domains when bound to mant-GDP, while losing its preference for rafts when it was associated with a GTP mimic, mant-GppNHp.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	NRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	28-33
29040603-5	2018	Our structure-guided functional analyses revealed that Mog1 competes with RCC1 for Ran binding in a GTP/GDP-dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	RAN guanine nucleotide release factor	Homo sapiens	55-59
29040603-5	2018	Our structure-guided functional analyses revealed that Mog1 competes with RCC1 for Ran binding in a GTP/GDP-dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	74-78
29040603-5	2018	Our structure-guided functional analyses revealed that Mog1 competes with RCC1 for Ran binding in a GTP/GDP-dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	83-86
29373579-3	2018	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) interact with RhoA, catalyze the exchange of GDP for GTP and thereby activate the GTPase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	61-65
29222402-9	2018	These results suggest that conversion of ARF6 to its GDP-bound form is necessary for final stabilization of the hair bundle.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Assembly of the mechanically sensitive hair bundle of sensory hair cells requires growth and reorganization of apical actin and membrane structures.	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Mus musculus	41-45
29222402-12	2018	We propose that conversion of ARF6 into the GDP-bound form in the apical domain of hair cells is essential for stabilizing apical actin structures like the hair bundle and ensuring that the apical membrane forms appropriately around the stereocilia.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Mus musculus	30-34
29367189-2	2018	TBC domain-containing proteins (TBC proteins) function as GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) for the small GTPase Rab, which can promote the hydrolysis of Rab-GTP to Rab-GDP in regulation of specific intracellular trafficking pathways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	169-172	ArfGAP with FG repeats 1	Homo sapiens	154-157
29367189-2	2018	TBC domain-containing proteins (TBC proteins) function as GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) for the small GTPase Rab, which can promote the hydrolysis of Rab-GTP to Rab-GDP in regulation of specific intracellular trafficking pathways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	169-172	ArfGAP with FG repeats 1	Homo sapiens	154-157
29242061-7	2018	The site may bind not only Rac-GDP but also Rac-GTP released from the N-terminal catalytic region, which interrupts Rac-GTP translocation to the membrane where Nox1 resides.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	27-30
29242061-7	2018	The site may bind not only Rac-GDP but also Rac-GTP released from the N-terminal catalytic region, which interrupts Rac-GTP translocation to the membrane where Nox1 resides.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	44-47
29242061-7	2018	The site may bind not only Rac-GDP but also Rac-GTP released from the N-terminal catalytic region, which interrupts Rac-GTP translocation to the membrane where Nox1 resides.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	44-47
29242061-7	2018	The site may bind not only Rac-GDP but also Rac-GTP released from the N-terminal catalytic region, which interrupts Rac-GTP translocation to the membrane where Nox1 resides.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	160-164
29184002-3	2018	Using SNARE-decorated proteoliposomes that cannot fuse on their own, we now demonstrate that full fusion activity can be achieved by just four soluble factors: a soluble SNARE (Vam7), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF, Mon1-Ccz1), a Rab-GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) complex (prenylated Ypt7-GDI), and a Rab effector complex (HOPS).	Guanosine Diphosphate	245-248	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	222-225
29439717-8	2018	We also showed that phosphorylation of Rab regulated GDP/GTP-binding property in cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	RAB35, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	39-42
29530990-1	2018	OBJECTIVE: RASGRF1 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, which promotes the release of GDP from inactive Ras and stabilizes the apoprotein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	11-18
29079669-2	2018	To better understand the regulation of RAB-10 activity, we sought to identify RAB-10(GDP)-interacting proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	Ras-related protein Rab-10	Caenorhabditis elegans	39-45
29079669-2	2018	To better understand the regulation of RAB-10 activity, we sought to identify RAB-10(GDP)-interacting proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	Ras-related protein Rab-10	Caenorhabditis elegans	78-84
29079669-3	2018	One novel RAB-10(GDP)-binding partner that we identified, LET-413, is the Caenorhabditis elegans homologue of Scrib/Erbin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	17-20	Ras-related protein Rab-10	Caenorhabditis elegans	10-16
29079669-3	2018	One novel RAB-10(GDP)-binding partner that we identified, LET-413, is the Caenorhabditis elegans homologue of Scrib/Erbin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	17-20	PDZ domain-containing protein;Protein lap1	Caenorhabditis elegans	58-65
29079669-6	2018	Notably, LET-413 enhances the interaction of DENN-4 with RAB-10(GDP) and promotes DENN-4 guanine nucleotide exchange factor activity toward RAB-10.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	PDZ domain-containing protein;Protein lap1	Caenorhabditis elegans	9-16
30062412-1	2018	We describe a high-throughput screening (HTS)-compatible method for detecting GTPase exchange factor (GEF) activity based on stimulation of GDP formation by Rho GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	78-100
29194576-4	2018	The observed weak interactions with the GTP-analogue- (GppNHp-) but not the GDP-bound state, appear to accelerate the GDP to GTP exchange, but only very weakly compared to a genuine GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	SLC2A4 regulator	Homo sapiens	182-185
29851009-4	2018	It was demonstrated that in isolated brown adipose tissue mitochondria (1) mGPDH enzyme activity is maximal at free calcium ion concentrations in the 350 nM-1 muM range, (2) that ROS production also peaks in the 10-100 nM range in the presence of a UCP1 inhibitory ligand (GDP) but wanes with further increasing calcium concentration, and (3) that oxygen consumption rates peak in the 10-100 nM range with rates being maintained at higher calcium concentrations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	273-276	glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	75-80
30062412-1	2018	We describe a high-throughput screening (HTS)-compatible method for detecting GTPase exchange factor (GEF) activity based on stimulation of GDP formation by Rho GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	102-105
30062412-2	2018	The method is based on the fact that GDP dissociation is the rate-limiting step in the Rho GTPase catalytic cycle, so by accelerating its release a GEF causes an increase in the steady-state rate of GDP formation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	148-151
30062412-2	2018	The method is based on the fact that GDP dissociation is the rate-limiting step in the Rho GTPase catalytic cycle, so by accelerating its release a GEF causes an increase in the steady-state rate of GDP formation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	199-202	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	148-151
29033317-1	2017	Covalent inhibitors of K-Ras(G12C) have been reported that exclusively recognize the GDP state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	23-28
29321770-5	2017	Expression of either MoGuk1 or MoGuk2 in heterozygote yeast guk1 mutant could increase its GDP level.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	guanylate kinase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	60-64
28912101-1	2017	RasGRP comprises a family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors, regulating the dissociation of GDP from Ras GTPases to enhance the formation of the active GTP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
29235861-3	2018	We determined X-ray crystal structures of the rare tumorigenic KRAS mutants KRASD33E, in switch 1 (SW1), and KRASA59G, in switch 2 (SW2), bound to GDP and found these adopt nearly identical, open SW1 conformations as well as altered SW2 conformations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	147-150	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	63-67
29235861-3	2018	We determined X-ray crystal structures of the rare tumorigenic KRAS mutants KRASD33E, in switch 1 (SW1), and KRASA59G, in switch 2 (SW2), bound to GDP and found these adopt nearly identical, open SW1 conformations as well as altered SW2 conformations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	147-150	WD repeat domain 82 pseudogene 1	Homo sapiens	132-135
29235861-3	2018	We determined X-ray crystal structures of the rare tumorigenic KRAS mutants KRASD33E, in switch 1 (SW1), and KRASA59G, in switch 2 (SW2), bound to GDP and found these adopt nearly identical, open SW1 conformations as well as altered SW2 conformations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	147-150	WD repeat domain 82 pseudogene 1	Homo sapiens	233-236
29165709-5	2017	Here we report the 2.2 A crystal structure of the kinase domain of Trl1 from the fungal pathogen Candida albicans with GDP and Mg2+ in the active site.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	tRNA-Leu (anticodon AAG) 2-3	Homo sapiens	67-71
29199977-1	2017	K-Ras, a molecular switch that regulates cell growth, apoptosis and metabolism, is activated when it undergoes a conformation change upon binding GTP and is deactivated following the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	204-207	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	0-5
29199977-4	2017	Here, crystal structures of G12A K-Ras in complex with GDP, GTP, GTPgammaS and GppNHp, and of Q61A K-Ras in complex with GDP, are reported.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	33-38
29199977-4	2017	Here, crystal structures of G12A K-Ras in complex with GDP, GTP, GTPgammaS and GppNHp, and of Q61A K-Ras in complex with GDP, are reported.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	99-104
29061365-5	2017	The RhoA function depends on the family of guanine-nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), which catalyze the exchange of GDP for GTP and activate RhoA that reorganizes actin cytoskeleton.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	4-8
29061365-5	2017	The RhoA function depends on the family of guanine-nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), which catalyze the exchange of GDP for GTP and activate RhoA that reorganizes actin cytoskeleton.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	143-147
29201138-9	2017	Conclusions: We demonstrated that ELN can be successfully implemented in a lab course with significant benefits to pedagogy, GDP training, and data integrity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	elastin	Homo sapiens	34-37
29170408-4	2017	Whereas p85 can bind with both Rab5-GTP and Rab5-GDP, the PI3K catalytic subunit p110beta binds only Rab5-GTP, suggesting it interacts with the switch regions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 2	Homo sapiens	8-11
29036434-3	2017	Following GTP hydrolysis, eIF2-GDP is recycled back to TC by its guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), eIF2B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	26-30
29036434-3	2017	Following GTP hydrolysis, eIF2-GDP is recycled back to TC by its guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), eIF2B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	65-99
29036434-3	2017	Following GTP hydrolysis, eIF2-GDP is recycled back to TC by its guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), eIF2B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	101-104
29036434-3	2017	Following GTP hydrolysis, eIF2-GDP is recycled back to TC by its guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), eIF2B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	107-112
29036434-8	2017	We present: (i) a novel mechanism for the inhibition of eIF2B activity, whereby eIF2alpha phosphorylation destabilizes an autoregulatory intramolecular interaction within eIF2alpha; and (ii) the first structural model for the complex of eIF2B with its substrate, eIF2-GDP, reaction intermediates, apo-eIF2 and eIF2-GTP, and product, TC, with direct implications for the eIF2B catalytic mechanism.	Guanosine Diphosphate	268-271	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	56-61
29036434-8	2017	We present: (i) a novel mechanism for the inhibition of eIF2B activity, whereby eIF2alpha phosphorylation destabilizes an autoregulatory intramolecular interaction within eIF2alpha; and (ii) the first structural model for the complex of eIF2B with its substrate, eIF2-GDP, reaction intermediates, apo-eIF2 and eIF2-GTP, and product, TC, with direct implications for the eIF2B catalytic mechanism.	Guanosine Diphosphate	268-271	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Homo sapiens	80-89
29036434-8	2017	We present: (i) a novel mechanism for the inhibition of eIF2B activity, whereby eIF2alpha phosphorylation destabilizes an autoregulatory intramolecular interaction within eIF2alpha; and (ii) the first structural model for the complex of eIF2B with its substrate, eIF2-GDP, reaction intermediates, apo-eIF2 and eIF2-GTP, and product, TC, with direct implications for the eIF2B catalytic mechanism.	Guanosine Diphosphate	268-271	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Homo sapiens	171-180
29036434-8	2017	We present: (i) a novel mechanism for the inhibition of eIF2B activity, whereby eIF2alpha phosphorylation destabilizes an autoregulatory intramolecular interaction within eIF2alpha; and (ii) the first structural model for the complex of eIF2B with its substrate, eIF2-GDP, reaction intermediates, apo-eIF2 and eIF2-GTP, and product, TC, with direct implications for the eIF2B catalytic mechanism.	Guanosine Diphosphate	268-271	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	56-60
29036434-8	2017	We present: (i) a novel mechanism for the inhibition of eIF2B activity, whereby eIF2alpha phosphorylation destabilizes an autoregulatory intramolecular interaction within eIF2alpha; and (ii) the first structural model for the complex of eIF2B with its substrate, eIF2-GDP, reaction intermediates, apo-eIF2 and eIF2-GTP, and product, TC, with direct implications for the eIF2B catalytic mechanism.	Guanosine Diphosphate	268-271	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	80-84
29036434-8	2017	We present: (i) a novel mechanism for the inhibition of eIF2B activity, whereby eIF2alpha phosphorylation destabilizes an autoregulatory intramolecular interaction within eIF2alpha; and (ii) the first structural model for the complex of eIF2B with its substrate, eIF2-GDP, reaction intermediates, apo-eIF2 and eIF2-GTP, and product, TC, with direct implications for the eIF2B catalytic mechanism.	Guanosine Diphosphate	268-271	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	80-84
28779233-4	2017	An in-depth structural comparison of APMV Rab with each other and with mammalian Rab homologues led to an atomic-level elucidation of the inactive-active conformational change upon GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	181-184	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	42-45
28779233-4	2017	An in-depth structural comparison of APMV Rab with each other and with mammalian Rab homologues led to an atomic-level elucidation of the inactive-active conformational change upon GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	181-184	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	81-84
29040579-9	2017	MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: A one-percent increase in national GDP is associated with 382 (95% CI: 177-587) additional ART procedures per million women of reproductive age, yet this effect is reduced to 99 (-92 to 290) treatments once cultural values and demographic factors are accounted for.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	artemin	Homo sapiens	128-131
29750207-1	2017	RheB GTPase is a Ras-related molecular switch, which regulates the mTOR signaling pathway by cycling between the active [guanosine triphosphate (GTP)] state and inactive [guanine diphosphate (GDP)] state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	192-195	Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding	Homo sapiens	0-4
28968219-9	2017	We propose a regulatory mechanism of Rab5 where monoubiquitination downregulates effector recruitment and GDP/GTP conversion in a site-specific manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	37-41
28803992-1	2017	P-REX1 (PIP3-dependent Rac exchange factor-1) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that activates Rac by catalyzing exchange of GDP for GTP bound to Rac.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
28803992-1	2017	P-REX1 (PIP3-dependent Rac exchange factor-1) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that activates Rac by catalyzing exchange of GDP for GTP bound to Rac.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	8-44
28803992-1	2017	P-REX1 (PIP3-dependent Rac exchange factor-1) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that activates Rac by catalyzing exchange of GDP for GTP bound to Rac.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	23-26
28803992-1	2017	P-REX1 (PIP3-dependent Rac exchange factor-1) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that activates Rac by catalyzing exchange of GDP for GTP bound to Rac.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	101-104
28934393-2	2017	One key regulator of this cascade is the Nf1 Ras GTPase activating protein (RasGAP), which attenuates Ras/ERK signaling by converting active Ras is bound to guanosine triphosphate, activating Ras into inactive Ras is bound to guanosine diphosphate, inactivating Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	226-247	neurofibromin 1	Mus musculus	41-44
28934393-2	2017	One key regulator of this cascade is the Nf1 Ras GTPase activating protein (RasGAP), which attenuates Ras/ERK signaling by converting active Ras is bound to guanosine triphosphate, activating Ras into inactive Ras is bound to guanosine diphosphate, inactivating Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	226-247	RAS p21 protein activator 1	Mus musculus	45-74
28934393-2	2017	One key regulator of this cascade is the Nf1 Ras GTPase activating protein (RasGAP), which attenuates Ras/ERK signaling by converting active Ras is bound to guanosine triphosphate, activating Ras into inactive Ras is bound to guanosine diphosphate, inactivating Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	226-247	RAS p21 protein activator 1	Mus musculus	76-82
28934393-2	2017	One key regulator of this cascade is the Nf1 Ras GTPase activating protein (RasGAP), which attenuates Ras/ERK signaling by converting active Ras is bound to guanosine triphosphate, activating Ras into inactive Ras is bound to guanosine diphosphate, inactivating Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	226-247	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	106-109
28186670-3	2017	The functional states of Rab7 generally switch between GTP-bound and GDP-bound states under the control of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs).	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	RAB7A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	25-29
28900796-5	2017	The experimental solution of the three-dimensional structure of mammalian eEF1A1 has proved elusive so far and the highly homologous eEF1A2 from rabbit muscle has been crystallized and solved only as a homodimer in a GDP-bound conformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	217-220	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	133-139
28760338-3	2017	Release of GDP requires a structural rearrangement between the GTPase domain and helical domain of the Galpha subunit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	11-14	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	103-109
28823680-7	2017	Furthermore, SAM-4/Myrlysin, a subunit of BORC, promotes the GDP-to-GTP exchange of ARL-8 in vitro and recruits ARL-8 onto SVPs in vivo.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	BLOC-1-related complex subunit 5	Caenorhabditis elegans	13-18
28823680-7	2017	Furthermore, SAM-4/Myrlysin, a subunit of BORC, promotes the GDP-to-GTP exchange of ARL-8 in vitro and recruits ARL-8 onto SVPs in vivo.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	ARF-Like	Caenorhabditis elegans	84-89
28779688-4	2017	The p.R183Q mutation was predicted to abolish hydrogen bonds between R183 residue and GDP molecule, destabilizing the inactive GDP-bound conformation of the Galphaq mutants.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	G protein subunit alpha q	Homo sapiens	157-164
28779688-4	2017	The p.R183Q mutation was predicted to abolish hydrogen bonds between R183 residue and GDP molecule, destabilizing the inactive GDP-bound conformation of the Galphaq mutants.	Guanosine Diphosphate	127-130	G protein subunit alpha q	Homo sapiens	157-164
29106825-0	2017	Recurrent De Novo Mutations Disturbing the GTP/GDP Binding Pocket of RAB11B Cause Intellectual Disability and a Distinctive Brain Phenotype.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	RAB11B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	69-75
29106825-8	2017	We predicted that both variants alter the GTP/GDP binding pocket and show that they both have localization patterns similar to inactive RAB11B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	RAB11B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	136-142
29106825-10	2017	In conclusion, we report two recurrent dominant mutations in RAB11B leading to a neurodevelopmental syndrome, likely caused by altered GDP/GTP binding that inactivate the protein and induce GEF binding and protein mislocalization.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	RAB11B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	61-67
29106825-10	2017	In conclusion, we report two recurrent dominant mutations in RAB11B leading to a neurodevelopmental syndrome, likely caused by altered GDP/GTP binding that inactivate the protein and induce GEF binding and protein mislocalization.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	190-193
28860650-6	2017	GDP is predicted to interact with Fzo1 through the G1 and G4 motifs of the GTPase domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	mitofusin	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	34-38
28655769-1	2017	The visual photo-transduction cascade is a prototypical G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling system, in which light-activated rhodopsin (Rho*) is the GPCR catalyzing the exchange of GDP for GTP on the heterotrimeric G protein transducin (GT).	Guanosine Diphosphate	189-192	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	133-142
28863211-6	2017	A missense mutation (c.710G > T), which mapped to exon 6 of the Rab GDP-Dissociation Inhibitor 1 (GDI1) gene, was found segregating with the ID phenotype, and this mutation changes the 237th position in the guanosine diphosphate dissociation inhibitor (GDI) protein from glycine to valine (p. Gly237Val).	Guanosine Diphosphate	210-231	GDP dissociation inhibitor 1	Homo sapiens	101-105
28878628-6	2017	Intrinsic bursting activity, driven by a persistent sodium conductance and facilitated by the low expression of Kv7.2 and Kv7.3 channel subunits, responsible for IM, exerts a permissive role in GDP generation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	194-197	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 2	Homo sapiens	112-117
28878628-6	2017	Intrinsic bursting activity, driven by a persistent sodium conductance and facilitated by the low expression of Kv7.2 and Kv7.3 channel subunits, responsible for IM, exerts a permissive role in GDP generation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	194-197	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 3	Homo sapiens	122-127
28742002-3	2017	Cdc42 is negatively regulated by the GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) and the GDP dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), and positively regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-5
28742002-4	2017	Cdc42 GTPase can be found in a GTP- or GDP-bound state, which determines the ability to bind downstream effector proteins and activate signalling pathways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-5
28742002-8	2017	Constitutively active Cdc42 localizes mainly to the plasma membrane and concentrates at the growing tips where it is considerably less dynamic than wild-type or GDP-bound Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	161-164	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	22-27
28742002-8	2017	Constitutively active Cdc42 localizes mainly to the plasma membrane and concentrates at the growing tips where it is considerably less dynamic than wild-type or GDP-bound Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	161-164	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	171-176
28607487-4	2017	We show that partial and full agonists differentially affect TM6 motions to regulate the rate at which GDP-bound beta2AR-Gs complexes are formed and the efficiency of nucleotide exchange leading to Gs activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	adrenoceptor beta 2	Homo sapiens	113-120
28706291-4	2017	K27 binds preferentially to the inactive Ras GDP form with a Kd of 4 nM and structural studies support its selectivity for inactive Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	keratin 27	Homo sapiens	0-3
28389433-6	2017	Fitting the GDP-bound SMG8-SMG9 structure in EM densities of the human SMG1-SMG8-SMG9 complex raises the possibility that the nucleotide site of SMG9 faces SMG1 and could impact the kinase conformation and/or regulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	12-15	SMG8 nonsense mediated mRNA decay factor	Homo sapiens	22-26
27494456-5	2017	This complex acts as a GDP/GTP exchange factor for the small RAB GTPases Rab8a and Rab39b.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	73-78
28420712-5	2017	Analyses of the GTP- and GDP-locked forms of Arf1 indicate that the cycling of Arf1 between GDP-bound and GTP-bound forms is essential for dendrite pruning.	Guanosine Diphosphate	25-28	ADP ribosylation factor at 79F	Drosophila melanogaster	45-49
27494456-5	2017	This complex acts as a GDP/GTP exchange factor for the small RAB GTPases Rab8a and Rab39b.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	RAB39B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	83-89
28424218-4	2017	GOP-1 interacts with GDP-bound and nucleotide-free UNC-108/Rab2, disrupts GDI-UNC-108 complexes, and promotes activation and membrane recruitment of UNC-108/Rab2 in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	Protein CLEC16A homolog	Caenorhabditis elegans	0-5
28541184-7	2017	Decreasing the cytosolic GTP:GDP ratio increases the incorporation of Shs1 vs Cdc11, which alters the curvature of filamentous septin rings.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	septin CDC11	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	78-83
28420712-5	2017	Analyses of the GTP- and GDP-locked forms of Arf1 indicate that the cycling of Arf1 between GDP-bound and GTP-bound forms is essential for dendrite pruning.	Guanosine Diphosphate	25-28	ADP ribosylation factor at 79F	Drosophila melanogaster	79-83
28420712-5	2017	Analyses of the GTP- and GDP-locked forms of Arf1 indicate that the cycling of Arf1 between GDP-bound and GTP-bound forms is essential for dendrite pruning.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	ADP ribosylation factor at 79F	Drosophila melanogaster	45-49
28420712-5	2017	Analyses of the GTP- and GDP-locked forms of Arf1 indicate that the cycling of Arf1 between GDP-bound and GTP-bound forms is essential for dendrite pruning.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	ADP ribosylation factor at 79F	Drosophila melanogaster	79-83
28420712-6	2017	We further identified Sec71 as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Arf1 that preferentially interacts with its GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	Secretory 71	Drosophila melanogaster	22-27
28420712-6	2017	We further identified Sec71 as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Arf1 that preferentially interacts with its GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	ADP ribosylation factor at 79F	Drosophila melanogaster	72-76
28468990-6	2017	We also provide insight into how the GTP-GDP cycle of Arl1 is regulated, and highlight a newly discovered mechanism that controls the sophisticated regulation of Arl1 activity at the Golgi complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	Arf family GTPase ARL1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	54-58
28740607-0	2017	Crystal Structure of a Human K-Ras G12D Mutant in Complex with GDP and the Cyclic Inhibitory Peptide KRpep-2d.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	29-34
28740607-4	2017	In this study, the crystal structure of the human K-Ras(G12D) mutant was determined in complex with GDP and KRpep-2d at 1.25 A resolution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	50-55
28174299-6	2017	GsFtsZA also assembled in the presence of GDP, the first member of the FtsZ/tubulin superfamily to do so.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	Gasu_52980	Galdieria sulphuraria	76-83
28463110-5	2017	Biochemical analyses in mammalian cells indicate that Sec14l3-GDP forms complex with Frizzled and Dishevelled; Wnt ligand binding of Frizzled induces translocation of Sec14l3 to the plasma membrane; and then Sec14l3-GTP binds to and activates phospholipase Cdelta4a (Plcdelta4a); subsequently, Plcdelta4a initiates phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) signaling, ultimately stimulating calcium release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	SEC14 like lipid binding 3	Homo sapiens	54-61
28463110-5	2017	Biochemical analyses in mammalian cells indicate that Sec14l3-GDP forms complex with Frizzled and Dishevelled; Wnt ligand binding of Frizzled induces translocation of Sec14l3 to the plasma membrane; and then Sec14l3-GTP binds to and activates phospholipase Cdelta4a (Plcdelta4a); subsequently, Plcdelta4a initiates phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) signaling, ultimately stimulating calcium release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	SEC14 like lipid binding 3	Homo sapiens	167-174
28463110-5	2017	Biochemical analyses in mammalian cells indicate that Sec14l3-GDP forms complex with Frizzled and Dishevelled; Wnt ligand binding of Frizzled induces translocation of Sec14l3 to the plasma membrane; and then Sec14l3-GTP binds to and activates phospholipase Cdelta4a (Plcdelta4a); subsequently, Plcdelta4a initiates phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) signaling, ultimately stimulating calcium release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	SEC14 like lipid binding 3	Homo sapiens	167-174
28463110-6	2017	Furthermore, Plcdelta4a can act as a GTPase-activating protein to accelerate the hydrolysis of Sec14l3-bound GTP to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	SEC14 like lipid binding 3	Homo sapiens	95-102
28212107-2	2017	Rheb"s activity is highly regulated by its GTPase activating protein (GAP), the tuberous sclerosis complex protein, which stimulates the conversion from the active, GTP-loaded into the inactive, GDP-loaded conformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	195-198	Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding	Homo sapiens	0-4
28150077-2	2017	RESULTS: Our initial attempts to obtain a binary complex of RhoA with the inhibitor HL47 were unsuccessful probably due to the presence of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-142	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	60-64
28150077-3	2017	By targeting a ternary complex involving the RhoA-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor PDZRhoGEF, we eliminated GDP and obtained a 2.3 A structure of the RhoA-PDZRhoGEF-inhibitor HL47 ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	45-49
28150077-3	2017	By targeting a ternary complex involving the RhoA-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor PDZRhoGEF, we eliminated GDP and obtained a 2.3 A structure of the RhoA-PDZRhoGEF-inhibitor HL47 ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11	Homo sapiens	94-103
28150077-3	2017	By targeting a ternary complex involving the RhoA-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor PDZRhoGEF, we eliminated GDP and obtained a 2.3 A structure of the RhoA-PDZRhoGEF-inhibitor HL47 ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	161-165
28150077-3	2017	By targeting a ternary complex involving the RhoA-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor PDZRhoGEF, we eliminated GDP and obtained a 2.3 A structure of the RhoA-PDZRhoGEF-inhibitor HL47 ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11	Homo sapiens	166-175
28223697-2	2017	Mutations in the G protein alpha-subunit (Galpha) that accelerate guanosine diphosphate (GDP) dissociation cause hyperactivation of the downstream effector proteins, leading to oncogenesis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-87	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	42-48
28223697-2	2017	Mutations in the G protein alpha-subunit (Galpha) that accelerate guanosine diphosphate (GDP) dissociation cause hyperactivation of the downstream effector proteins, leading to oncogenesis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	42-48
28223697-4	2017	Here, we use magnetic field-dependent nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation analyses to investigate the structural and dynamic properties of GDP bound Galpha on a microsecond timescale.	Guanosine Diphosphate	141-144	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	151-157
28223697-5	2017	We show that Galpha rapidly exchanges between a ground-state conformation, which tightly binds to GDP and an excited conformation with reduced GDP affinity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	13-19
28223697-5	2017	We show that Galpha rapidly exchanges between a ground-state conformation, which tightly binds to GDP and an excited conformation with reduced GDP affinity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	13-19
28389433-6	2017	Fitting the GDP-bound SMG8-SMG9 structure in EM densities of the human SMG1-SMG8-SMG9 complex raises the possibility that the nucleotide site of SMG9 faces SMG1 and could impact the kinase conformation and/or regulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	12-15	SMG9 nonsense mediated mRNA decay factor	Homo sapiens	27-31
28389433-6	2017	Fitting the GDP-bound SMG8-SMG9 structure in EM densities of the human SMG1-SMG8-SMG9 complex raises the possibility that the nucleotide site of SMG9 faces SMG1 and could impact the kinase conformation and/or regulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	12-15	SMG1 nonsense mediated mRNA decay associated PI3K related kinase	Homo sapiens	71-75
28389433-6	2017	Fitting the GDP-bound SMG8-SMG9 structure in EM densities of the human SMG1-SMG8-SMG9 complex raises the possibility that the nucleotide site of SMG9 faces SMG1 and could impact the kinase conformation and/or regulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	12-15	SMG8 nonsense mediated mRNA decay factor	Homo sapiens	76-80
28389433-6	2017	Fitting the GDP-bound SMG8-SMG9 structure in EM densities of the human SMG1-SMG8-SMG9 complex raises the possibility that the nucleotide site of SMG9 faces SMG1 and could impact the kinase conformation and/or regulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	12-15	SMG9 nonsense mediated mRNA decay factor	Homo sapiens	81-85
28389433-6	2017	Fitting the GDP-bound SMG8-SMG9 structure in EM densities of the human SMG1-SMG8-SMG9 complex raises the possibility that the nucleotide site of SMG9 faces SMG1 and could impact the kinase conformation and/or regulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	12-15	SMG9 nonsense mediated mRNA decay factor	Homo sapiens	81-85
28389433-6	2017	Fitting the GDP-bound SMG8-SMG9 structure in EM densities of the human SMG1-SMG8-SMG9 complex raises the possibility that the nucleotide site of SMG9 faces SMG1 and could impact the kinase conformation and/or regulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	12-15	SMG1 nonsense mediated mRNA decay associated PI3K related kinase	Homo sapiens	156-160
27314616-3	2017	Through associating with membrane-bound Rac1, GEFs facilitate the exchange of GDP for GTP, thereby activating Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	40-44
27314616-3	2017	Through associating with membrane-bound Rac1, GEFs facilitate the exchange of GDP for GTP, thereby activating Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	110-114
27314616-5	2017	Interestingly, there are at least 20 GEFs involved in Rac1 activation, suggesting a more complex role of GEFs in regulating Rac1 signaling apart from promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	54-58
27314616-5	2017	Interestingly, there are at least 20 GEFs involved in Rac1 activation, suggesting a more complex role of GEFs in regulating Rac1 signaling apart from promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	124-128
27355516-2	2017	As many small G proteins, Rho GTPases cycle between an active and inactive state thanks to specific regulators that catalyze exchange of GDP into GTP (Rho-GEF) or hydrolysis of GTP into GDP (Rho-GAP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	137-140	Rho GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	191-198
27355516-2	2017	As many small G proteins, Rho GTPases cycle between an active and inactive state thanks to specific regulators that catalyze exchange of GDP into GTP (Rho-GEF) or hydrolysis of GTP into GDP (Rho-GAP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	186-189	Rho GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	191-198
28315520-3	2017	Key to controlling the activity of eIF2 are translation factors eIF2B and eIF5, thought to primarily function with eIF2-GDP and TC respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	35-39
28315520-3	2017	Key to controlling the activity of eIF2 are translation factors eIF2B and eIF5, thought to primarily function with eIF2-GDP and TC respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	64-69
28315520-3	2017	Key to controlling the activity of eIF2 are translation factors eIF2B and eIF5, thought to primarily function with eIF2-GDP and TC respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	74-78
28315520-3	2017	Key to controlling the activity of eIF2 are translation factors eIF2B and eIF5, thought to primarily function with eIF2-GDP and TC respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	64-68
28290984-5	2017	The WD40-containing KIF21B tail displays preference for a GTP-type over a GDP-type microtubule lattice and contributes to the interaction of KIF21B with microtubule plus ends.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	kinesin family member 21B	Homo sapiens	20-26
28290984-5	2017	The WD40-containing KIF21B tail displays preference for a GTP-type over a GDP-type microtubule lattice and contributes to the interaction of KIF21B with microtubule plus ends.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	kinesin family member 21B	Homo sapiens	141-147
28153726-5	2017	KRpep-2 showed more than 10-fold binding- and inhibition-selectivity to K-Ras(G12D), both in SPR analysis and GDP/GTP exchange enzyme assay.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	72-77
27986537-8	2017	First, we employed the purine nucleotide guanosine diphosphate (GDP) to directly quantify the fraction of thermogenesis enabled by UCP1 activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	131-135
28187200-13	2017	Phosphorylated BAK1 interacts with and enables AtRGS1 to move away from BIR1 and AtRGS1 becomes phosphorylated leading to its endocytosis thus leading to de-repression by permitting AtGPA1 to exchange GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	201-204	BRI1-associated receptor kinase	Arabidopsis thaliana	15-19
28187200-13	2017	Phosphorylated BAK1 interacts with and enables AtRGS1 to move away from BIR1 and AtRGS1 becomes phosphorylated leading to its endocytosis thus leading to de-repression by permitting AtGPA1 to exchange GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	201-204	REGULATOR OF G-PROTEIN SIGNALING 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	47-53
28187200-13	2017	Phosphorylated BAK1 interacts with and enables AtRGS1 to move away from BIR1 and AtRGS1 becomes phosphorylated leading to its endocytosis thus leading to de-repression by permitting AtGPA1 to exchange GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	201-204	REGULATOR OF G-PROTEIN SIGNALING 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	81-87
28187200-13	2017	Phosphorylated BAK1 interacts with and enables AtRGS1 to move away from BIR1 and AtRGS1 becomes phosphorylated leading to its endocytosis thus leading to de-repression by permitting AtGPA1 to exchange GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	201-204	G protein alpha subunit 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	182-188
28443208-3	2017	The basic function of Rap1 is straightforward; it acts as a switch during cellular signaling transduction and regulated by its binding to either guanosine triphosphate (GTP) or guanosine diphosphate (GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	177-198	RAB guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	22-26
28443208-3	2017	The basic function of Rap1 is straightforward; it acts as a switch during cellular signaling transduction and regulated by its binding to either guanosine triphosphate (GTP) or guanosine diphosphate (GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	200-203	RAB guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	22-26
27852857-6	2017	Furthermore, we showed that HCV infection converted the predominantly expressed GTP-bound Rab32 to GDP-bound Rab32, contributing to the aggregation of Rab32 and thus making it less sensitive to cellular degradation machinery.	Guanosine Diphosphate	99-102	RAB32, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	90-95
27852857-11	2017	In this study, we showed that HCV infection concomitantly increased Rab32 expression at the transcriptional level and altered the balance between GDP- and GTP-bound Rab32 toward production of Rab32-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	198-201	RAB32, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	165-170
27852857-6	2017	Furthermore, we showed that HCV infection converted the predominantly expressed GTP-bound Rab32 to GDP-bound Rab32, contributing to the aggregation of Rab32 and thus making it less sensitive to cellular degradation machinery.	Guanosine Diphosphate	99-102	RAB32, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	109-114
27852857-6	2017	Furthermore, we showed that HCV infection converted the predominantly expressed GTP-bound Rab32 to GDP-bound Rab32, contributing to the aggregation of Rab32 and thus making it less sensitive to cellular degradation machinery.	Guanosine Diphosphate	99-102	RAB32, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	109-114
27852857-7	2017	In addition, GDP-bound Rab32 selectively interacted with HCV core protein and deposited core protein into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated Rab32-derived aggregated structures in the perinuclear region, which were likely to be viral assembly sites.	Guanosine Diphosphate	13-16	RAB32, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	23-28
27852857-7	2017	In addition, GDP-bound Rab32 selectively interacted with HCV core protein and deposited core protein into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated Rab32-derived aggregated structures in the perinuclear region, which were likely to be viral assembly sites.	Guanosine Diphosphate	13-16	RAB32, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	148-153
27852857-11	2017	In this study, we showed that HCV infection concomitantly increased Rab32 expression at the transcriptional level and altered the balance between GDP- and GTP-bound Rab32 toward production of Rab32-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	198-201	RAB32, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	165-170
27852857-12	2017	GDP-bound Rab32 selectively interacted with HCV core protein and enriched core in the ER-associated Rab32-derived aggregated structures that were probably necessary for viral assembly.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	RAB32, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	10-15
27852857-12	2017	GDP-bound Rab32 selectively interacted with HCV core protein and enriched core in the ER-associated Rab32-derived aggregated structures that were probably necessary for viral assembly.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	RAB32, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	100-105
27221160-3	2017	Rab proteins interconvert between active, GTP-bound form and inactive, GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	RAB44, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-3
28054602-0	2017	Identification of Guanosine 5"-diphosphate as Potential Iron Mobilizer: Preventing the Hepcidin-Ferroportin Interaction and Modulating the Interleukin-6/Stat-3 Pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	18-42	hepcidin antimicrobial peptide	Homo sapiens	87-95
27776975-1	2017	The Small GTPase ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (Arf6) functions as the molecular switch in cellular signaling pathways by cycling between GDP-bound inactive and GTP-bound active form, which is precisely regulated by two regulators, guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs).	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	17-42
27776975-1	2017	The Small GTPase ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (Arf6) functions as the molecular switch in cellular signaling pathways by cycling between GDP-bound inactive and GTP-bound active form, which is precisely regulated by two regulators, guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs).	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	44-48
27226129-0	2017	Anti-CCR4 Monoclonal Antibody Mogamulizumab Followed by the GDP (Gemcitabine, Dexamethasone and Cisplatin) Regimen in Primary Refractory Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	C-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Homo sapiens	5-9
27639802-1	2017	BACKGROUND & AIMS: De novo synthesis of guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-fucose, a substrate for fucosylglycans, requires sequential reactions mediated by GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase (GMDS) and GDP-4-keto-6-deoxymannose 3,5-epimerase-4-reductase (FX or tissue specific transplantation antigen P35B [TSTA3]).	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-65	GDP-mannose 4, 6-dehydratase	Mus musculus	154-181
28451182-7	2017	The subsequent GDP hydrolysis in hGBP1 was also found to follow a water-mediated proton shuttle mechanism.	Guanosine Diphosphate	15-18	guanylate binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	33-38
27639802-1	2017	BACKGROUND & AIMS: De novo synthesis of guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-fucose, a substrate for fucosylglycans, requires sequential reactions mediated by GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase (GMDS) and GDP-4-keto-6-deoxymannose 3,5-epimerase-4-reductase (FX or tissue specific transplantation antigen P35B [TSTA3]).	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-65	GDP-mannose 4, 6-dehydratase	Mus musculus	183-187
27911799-2	2016	The signal is encoded into surface alterations of the Galpha subunit that carries GTP in its active state and GDP in its inactive state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	54-60
28233175-6	2017	Fusion of hH2R to the long (GsalphaL) or short (GsalphaS) splice variant of Galphas resulted in comparable constitutive hH2R activity, although both G protein variants show different GDP affinities.	Guanosine Diphosphate	183-186	histamine receptor H2	Homo sapiens	10-14
27930654-8	2016	Whereas inactive GDP-bound RAB-28 displays no IFT movement and diffuse localisation, GTP-bound (activated) RAB-28 concentrates at the periciliary membrane in a BBSome-dependent manner and undergoes bidirectional IFT.	Guanosine Diphosphate	17-20	RAB28, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	27-33
27930654-9	2016	Functional analyses reveal that whilst cilium structure, sensory function and IFT are seemingly normal in a rab-28 null allele, overexpression of predicted GDP or GTP locked variants of RAB-28 perturbs cilium and sensory pore morphogenesis and function.	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	RAB28, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	186-192
28054602-0	2017	Identification of Guanosine 5"-diphosphate as Potential Iron Mobilizer: Preventing the Hepcidin-Ferroportin Interaction and Modulating the Interleukin-6/Stat-3 Pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	18-42	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	139-152
28054602-0	2017	Identification of Guanosine 5"-diphosphate as Potential Iron Mobilizer: Preventing the Hepcidin-Ferroportin Interaction and Modulating the Interleukin-6/Stat-3 Pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	18-42	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Homo sapiens	153-159
28054602-5	2017	The virtual screening of 68,752 natural compounds via molecular docking resulted into identification of guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP) as a promising hepcidin-binding agent.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-128	hepcidin antimicrobial peptide	Homo sapiens	150-158
28054602-5	2017	The virtual screening of 68,752 natural compounds via molecular docking resulted into identification of guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP) as a promising hepcidin-binding agent.	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-133	hepcidin antimicrobial peptide	Homo sapiens	150-158
28054602-6	2017	The molecular dynamics simulations helped to identify the important hepcidin residues involved in stabilization of hepcidin-GDP complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	hepcidin antimicrobial peptide	Homo sapiens	68-76
28054602-6	2017	The molecular dynamics simulations helped to identify the important hepcidin residues involved in stabilization of hepcidin-GDP complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	hepcidin antimicrobial peptide	Homo sapiens	115-123
28054602-7	2017	The results gave a preliminary indication that GDP may possibly inhibit the hepcidin-FPN interactions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	hepcidin antimicrobial peptide	Homo sapiens	76-84
28054602-10	2017	These results suggest that GDP a promising natural small-molecule inhibitor that targets Hepcidin-FPN complex may be incorporated with iron supplement regimens to ameliorate AI.	Guanosine Diphosphate	27-30	hepcidin antimicrobial peptide	Homo sapiens	89-97
27820802-4	2017	We developed NS1, a synthetic binding protein (monobody) that bound with high affinity to both GTP- and GDP-bound states of H-RAS and K-RAS but not N-RAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	influenza virus NS1A binding protein	Homo sapiens	13-16
27820802-4	2017	We developed NS1, a synthetic binding protein (monobody) that bound with high affinity to both GTP- and GDP-bound states of H-RAS and K-RAS but not N-RAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	124-129
27820802-4	2017	We developed NS1, a synthetic binding protein (monobody) that bound with high affinity to both GTP- and GDP-bound states of H-RAS and K-RAS but not N-RAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	134-139
27756879-9	2016	Moreover, overexpression of C5aR in GC cells enhanced the conversion of RhoA-guanosine diphosphate (RhoA-GDP) to RhoA-guanosine triphosphate (RhoA-GTP) after C5a stimulation and caused morphological changes, including increased expression of stress fibers and filopodia.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-98	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
27756879-9	2016	Moreover, overexpression of C5aR in GC cells enhanced the conversion of RhoA-guanosine diphosphate (RhoA-GDP) to RhoA-guanosine triphosphate (RhoA-GTP) after C5a stimulation and caused morphological changes, including increased expression of stress fibers and filopodia.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-98	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	72-76
27756879-9	2016	Moreover, overexpression of C5aR in GC cells enhanced the conversion of RhoA-guanosine diphosphate (RhoA-GDP) to RhoA-guanosine triphosphate (RhoA-GTP) after C5a stimulation and caused morphological changes, including increased expression of stress fibers and filopodia.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-98	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	100-104
27756879-9	2016	Moreover, overexpression of C5aR in GC cells enhanced the conversion of RhoA-guanosine diphosphate (RhoA-GDP) to RhoA-guanosine triphosphate (RhoA-GTP) after C5a stimulation and caused morphological changes, including increased expression of stress fibers and filopodia.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-98	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	100-104
27756879-9	2016	Moreover, overexpression of C5aR in GC cells enhanced the conversion of RhoA-guanosine diphosphate (RhoA-GDP) to RhoA-guanosine triphosphate (RhoA-GTP) after C5a stimulation and caused morphological changes, including increased expression of stress fibers and filopodia.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-98	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	100-104
27756879-9	2016	Moreover, overexpression of C5aR in GC cells enhanced the conversion of RhoA-guanosine diphosphate (RhoA-GDP) to RhoA-guanosine triphosphate (RhoA-GTP) after C5a stimulation and caused morphological changes, including increased expression of stress fibers and filopodia.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
27756879-9	2016	Moreover, overexpression of C5aR in GC cells enhanced the conversion of RhoA-guanosine diphosphate (RhoA-GDP) to RhoA-guanosine triphosphate (RhoA-GTP) after C5a stimulation and caused morphological changes, including increased expression of stress fibers and filopodia.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	72-76
27756879-9	2016	Moreover, overexpression of C5aR in GC cells enhanced the conversion of RhoA-guanosine diphosphate (RhoA-GDP) to RhoA-guanosine triphosphate (RhoA-GTP) after C5a stimulation and caused morphological changes, including increased expression of stress fibers and filopodia.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	100-104
27756879-9	2016	Moreover, overexpression of C5aR in GC cells enhanced the conversion of RhoA-guanosine diphosphate (RhoA-GDP) to RhoA-guanosine triphosphate (RhoA-GTP) after C5a stimulation and caused morphological changes, including increased expression of stress fibers and filopodia.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	100-104
27756879-9	2016	Moreover, overexpression of C5aR in GC cells enhanced the conversion of RhoA-guanosine diphosphate (RhoA-GDP) to RhoA-guanosine triphosphate (RhoA-GTP) after C5a stimulation and caused morphological changes, including increased expression of stress fibers and filopodia.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	100-104
27992599-2	2016	RhoA activity is tightly regulated through several mechanisms including GDP/GTP cycling, phosphorylation, glycosylation and prenylation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	0-4
27951644-3	2016	In Escherichia coli, nickel moves from a site in the GTPase domain of HypB to HypA in a process accelerated by GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	hypA	Escherichia coli	78-82
27920125-7	2016	MFN1 forms a dimer when GTP or GDP/BeF3-, but not GDP or other analogs, is added.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	mitofusin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
27920125-7	2016	MFN1 forms a dimer when GTP or GDP/BeF3-, but not GDP or other analogs, is added.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	mitofusin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
27748959-10	2016	Silencing beta-COP or expression of GDP-bound mutant Arf1(T31N) mimics the EtOH effect on retaining MGAT1 and Man-II at the cis-Golgi, suggesting that (i) EtOH specifically blocks activation of Arf1, and (ii) EtOH alters the proper localization of Golgi enzymes through impairment of COPI.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	53-57
27871057-4	2016	Rather, an activated receptor promotes GDP release by allosterically disrupting the nucleotide-binding site via interactions with the Galpha N-termini and C-termini.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	134-140
27837019-3	2016	First, aa-tRNAs in ternary complex with EF-Tu GDP are selected in a step where the accuracy increases linearly with increasing aa-tRNA affinity to EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	40-45
27837019-3	2016	First, aa-tRNAs in ternary complex with EF-Tu GDP are selected in a step where the accuracy increases linearly with increasing aa-tRNA affinity to EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	147-152
27837019-4	2016	Then, following dissociation of EF-Tu GDP from the ribosome, the accuracy is further increased in a second and apparently EF-Tu-independent step.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	32-37
27837019-4	2016	Then, following dissociation of EF-Tu GDP from the ribosome, the accuracy is further increased in a second and apparently EF-Tu-independent step.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	122-127
27458202-0	2016	eIF2beta is critical for eIF5-mediated GDP-dissociation inhibitor activity and translational control.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	0-8
27458202-0	2016	eIF2beta is critical for eIF5-mediated GDP-dissociation inhibitor activity and translational control.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	25-29
27458202-5	2016	Instead we show that the eIF2beta mutation prevents eIF5 GDI stabilizing nucleotide binding to eIF2, thereby altering the off-rate of GDP from eIF2 GDP/eIF5 complexes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	25-33
27458202-5	2016	Instead we show that the eIF2beta mutation prevents eIF5 GDI stabilizing nucleotide binding to eIF2, thereby altering the off-rate of GDP from eIF2 GDP/eIF5 complexes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	52-56
27458202-5	2016	Instead we show that the eIF2beta mutation prevents eIF5 GDI stabilizing nucleotide binding to eIF2, thereby altering the off-rate of GDP from eIF2 GDP/eIF5 complexes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	25-29
27458202-5	2016	Instead we show that the eIF2beta mutation prevents eIF5 GDI stabilizing nucleotide binding to eIF2, thereby altering the off-rate of GDP from eIF2 GDP/eIF5 complexes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	95-99
27458202-5	2016	Instead we show that the eIF2beta mutation prevents eIF5 GDI stabilizing nucleotide binding to eIF2, thereby altering the off-rate of GDP from eIF2 GDP/eIF5 complexes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	152-156
27458202-7	2016	These findings provide support for the importance of eIF5 GDI activity in vivo and demonstrate that eIF2beta acts in concert with eIF5 to prevent premature release of GDP from eIF2gamma and thereby ensure tight control of protein synthesis initiation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	167-170	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	100-108
27458202-7	2016	These findings provide support for the importance of eIF5 GDI activity in vivo and demonstrate that eIF2beta acts in concert with eIF5 to prevent premature release of GDP from eIF2gamma and thereby ensure tight control of protein synthesis initiation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	167-170	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	130-134
27458202-7	2016	These findings provide support for the importance of eIF5 GDI activity in vivo and demonstrate that eIF2beta acts in concert with eIF5 to prevent premature release of GDP from eIF2gamma and thereby ensure tight control of protein synthesis initiation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	167-170	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	176-185
27841328-1	2016	The role of GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) protein in regulation of Rab cycle in Leishmania is not known.	Guanosine Diphosphate	12-15	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	70-73
27841328-3	2016	Our results have shown that LdGDI:WT along with GDP removes the Rab5 from purified endosomes and inhibits the homotypic fusion between early endosomes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	64-68
27835684-2	2016	Wild type Rac1 signaling entails dissociation of the GTPase from cytosolic Rac1-Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) complexes, translocation to membranes, activation by exchange factors, effector binding, and activation of downstream signaling cascades.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	10-14
27835684-2	2016	Wild type Rac1 signaling entails dissociation of the GTPase from cytosolic Rac1-Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) complexes, translocation to membranes, activation by exchange factors, effector binding, and activation of downstream signaling cascades.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	75-79
27717094-4	2016	High levels of Ran GTPase-activating protein 1 (RanGAP), a key regulator of the Ran GTP-GDP cycle, in primary CPCs are drastically reduced upon neuronal induction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	Ran GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	15-46
27267853-5	2016	Mutations in RRAGC distinctly clustered on one protein surface area surrounding the GTP/GDP-binding sites.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	Ras related GTP binding C	Homo sapiens	13-18
27717094-4	2016	High levels of Ran GTPase-activating protein 1 (RanGAP), a key regulator of the Ran GTP-GDP cycle, in primary CPCs are drastically reduced upon neuronal induction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	Ran GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	48-54
27665622-3	2016	Complexes between K-Ras or the G12X mutants and guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP) or GDPnP (a stable GTP analogue) were transferred to the gas phase by nano-electrospray ionization and characterized using UVPD.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-72	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	18-23
27792740-7	2016	In addition to revealing a fundamental cell biological role in actin cytoskeletal organization, we also demonstrate a function of Pdlim7 in regulating the cycling between the GTP/GDP-bound states of Arf6.	Guanosine Diphosphate	179-182	PDZ and LIM domain 7	Mus musculus	130-136
27792740-7	2016	In addition to revealing a fundamental cell biological role in actin cytoskeletal organization, we also demonstrate a function of Pdlim7 in regulating the cycling between the GTP/GDP-bound states of Arf6.	Guanosine Diphosphate	179-182	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Mus musculus	199-203
27559132-6	2016	GDP and GTP accelerate and decelerate Drp1/actin binding dynamics, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	dynamin 1 like	Homo sapiens	38-42
27665622-3	2016	Complexes between K-Ras or the G12X mutants and guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP) or GDPnP (a stable GTP analogue) were transferred to the gas phase by nano-electrospray ionization and characterized using UVPD.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	18-23
27665622-4	2016	Variations in the efficiencies of backbone cleavages were observed upon substitution of GDPnP for GDP as well as for the G12X mutants relative to wild-type K-Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	156-161
27665622-5	2016	An increase in the fragmentation efficiency in the segment containing the first 50 residues was observed for the K-Ras/GDPnP complexes relative to the K-Ras/GDP complexes, whereas a decrease in fragmentation efficiency occurred in the segment containing the last 100 residues.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	113-118
27708257-3	2016	Our structural and biochemical results reveal that four domains of human eEFSec fold into a chalice-like structure that has similar binding affinities for GDP, GTP and other guanine nucleotides.	Guanosine Diphosphate	155-158	eukaryotic elongation factor, selenocysteine-tRNA specific	Homo sapiens	73-79
27716788-2	2016	As an atypical Rho-like small GTPase with high molecular mass, the exchange of GDP/GTP in Miro may require assistance from a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF).	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	Mitochondrial Rho	Drosophila melanogaster	90-94
27716788-2	2016	As an atypical Rho-like small GTPase with high molecular mass, the exchange of GDP/GTP in Miro may require assistance from a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF).	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor at 64C	Drosophila melanogaster	125-159
27716788-2	2016	As an atypical Rho-like small GTPase with high molecular mass, the exchange of GDP/GTP in Miro may require assistance from a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF).	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor at 64C	Drosophila melanogaster	161-164
27716788-7	2016	In addition, vimar lost its effect under the expression of a constitutively GTP-bound or GDP-bound Miro mutant background.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	visceral mesodermal armadillo-repeats	Drosophila melanogaster	13-18
27716788-7	2016	In addition, vimar lost its effect under the expression of a constitutively GTP-bound or GDP-bound Miro mutant background.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	Mitochondrial Rho	Drosophila melanogaster	99-103
27846718-1	2016	BACKGROUND: Rab proteins are small monomeric enzymes which belong to the large Ras protein superfamily and allow hydrolysis of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) to guanosine (GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-173	ArfGAP with FG repeats 1	Homo sapiens	12-15
27628050-3	2016	The typical Rho family members, including RhoA, Rac1 and Cdc42, cycle between an active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound conformation, and are regulated by GEFs, GAPs and GDIs, whereas atypical Rho family members have amino acid substitutions that alter their ability to interact with GTP/GDP and hence are regulated by different mechanisms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	42-46
27637560-5	2016	Here, we present crystal structures of Arabidopsis FUT1 in its apoform and in a ternary complex with GDP and a xylo-oligosaccharide acceptor (named XLLG).	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	fucosyltransferase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	51-55
27628050-3	2016	The typical Rho family members, including RhoA, Rac1 and Cdc42, cycle between an active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound conformation, and are regulated by GEFs, GAPs and GDIs, whereas atypical Rho family members have amino acid substitutions that alter their ability to interact with GTP/GDP and hence are regulated by different mechanisms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
27628050-3	2016	The typical Rho family members, including RhoA, Rac1 and Cdc42, cycle between an active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound conformation, and are regulated by GEFs, GAPs and GDIs, whereas atypical Rho family members have amino acid substitutions that alter their ability to interact with GTP/GDP and hence are regulated by different mechanisms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	57-62
27628050-3	2016	The typical Rho family members, including RhoA, Rac1 and Cdc42, cycle between an active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound conformation, and are regulated by GEFs, GAPs and GDIs, whereas atypical Rho family members have amino acid substitutions that alter their ability to interact with GTP/GDP and hence are regulated by different mechanisms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	289-292	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	42-46
27628050-3	2016	The typical Rho family members, including RhoA, Rac1 and Cdc42, cycle between an active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound conformation, and are regulated by GEFs, GAPs and GDIs, whereas atypical Rho family members have amino acid substitutions that alter their ability to interact with GTP/GDP and hence are regulated by different mechanisms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	289-292	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
27628050-3	2016	The typical Rho family members, including RhoA, Rac1 and Cdc42, cycle between an active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound conformation, and are regulated by GEFs, GAPs and GDIs, whereas atypical Rho family members have amino acid substitutions that alter their ability to interact with GTP/GDP and hence are regulated by different mechanisms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	289-292	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	57-62
27517156-7	2016	ARF1 function largely dependents on its activation and LM11, a cell-active inhibitor that specifically inhibits ARF1 activation through targeting the ARF1-GDP/ARNO complex at the Golgi, significantly impairs metastatic capability of breast cancer cell in zebrafish.	Guanosine Diphosphate	155-158	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
31051012-7	2016	In cultured cells expressing constitutively GDP-bound Galpha12 or Galpha13, the Galpha12 construct was more potent in exerting a dominant-negative effect on serum-mediated signaling to p114RhoGEF, demonstrating coupling of these signaling proteins in a cellular pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	G protein subunit alpha 12	Homo sapiens	54-62
31051012-7	2016	In cultured cells expressing constitutively GDP-bound Galpha12 or Galpha13, the Galpha12 construct was more potent in exerting a dominant-negative effect on serum-mediated signaling to p114RhoGEF, demonstrating coupling of these signaling proteins in a cellular pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	G protein subunit alpha 12	Homo sapiens	80-88
31051012-7	2016	In cultured cells expressing constitutively GDP-bound Galpha12 or Galpha13, the Galpha12 construct was more potent in exerting a dominant-negative effect on serum-mediated signaling to p114RhoGEF, demonstrating coupling of these signaling proteins in a cellular pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 18	Homo sapiens	185-195
27329675-6	2016	We also review how the Rab35 GTP/GDP cycle is regulated, and emphasize a newly discovered mechanism that controls its tight activation on newborn endosomes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-36	RAB35, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	23-28
27517156-7	2016	ARF1 function largely dependents on its activation and LM11, a cell-active inhibitor that specifically inhibits ARF1 activation through targeting the ARF1-GDP/ARNO complex at the Golgi, significantly impairs metastatic capability of breast cancer cell in zebrafish.	Guanosine Diphosphate	155-158	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	112-116
27517156-7	2016	ARF1 function largely dependents on its activation and LM11, a cell-active inhibitor that specifically inhibits ARF1 activation through targeting the ARF1-GDP/ARNO complex at the Golgi, significantly impairs metastatic capability of breast cancer cell in zebrafish.	Guanosine Diphosphate	155-158	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	112-116
27498775-6	2016	The mutations weakened the hydrogen bonding network between GDP/GTP and the binding pocket residues, and increased the interactions in the Galpha-Gbetagamma interface.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	139-145
27335171-6	2016	We report here that inhibition of V-ATPase with bafilomycin A1 as well as inactivation of the GTP-GDP cycle of Rab5a GTPase phenotypically rescued or completely precluded the cytoplasmic vacuolization despite the continued presence of inactivated PIKfyve or Vps34.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	111-116
27335171-6	2016	We report here that inhibition of V-ATPase with bafilomycin A1 as well as inactivation of the GTP-GDP cycle of Rab5a GTPase phenotypically rescued or completely precluded the cytoplasmic vacuolization despite the continued presence of inactivated PIKfyve or Vps34.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3	Homo sapiens	258-263
27580247-8	2016	The affinity of HisDelta68-AtFUT1 for tamarind XG and GDP was determined using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC).	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	fucosyltransferase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	27-33
27330119-9	2016	Furthermore, neurite outgrowth suppressed by ACAP3 knockdown was rescued by expression of a fast cycle mutant of Arf6 that spontaneously exchanges guanine nucleotides on Arf6, but not by that of wild-type, GTP- or GDP-locked mutant Arf6.	Guanosine Diphosphate	214-217	ArfGAP with coiled-coil, ankyrin repeat and PH domains 3	Mus musculus	45-50
27330119-9	2016	Furthermore, neurite outgrowth suppressed by ACAP3 knockdown was rescued by expression of a fast cycle mutant of Arf6 that spontaneously exchanges guanine nucleotides on Arf6, but not by that of wild-type, GTP- or GDP-locked mutant Arf6.	Guanosine Diphosphate	214-217	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Mus musculus	113-117
27580247-9	2016	Interestingly, ITC data suggest that HisDelta68-AtFUT1 undergoes conformational changes in the presence of its first co-substrate (XG or GDP), which then confers greater affinity for the second co-substrate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	137-140	fucosyltransferase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	48-54
27124121-5	2016	Signaling cascades triggered by extrinsic and intrinsic factors tightly regulate Rab functions in cells, with Rab protein activation depending on GDP/GTP binding to establish a binary mode of action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	ArfGAP with FG repeats 1	Homo sapiens	110-113
27307211-1	2016	G Protein Signaling Modulator-3 (GPSM3) is a leukocyte-specific regulator of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which binds inactivated Galphai GDP subunits and precludes their reassociation with Gbetagamma subunits.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	G protein signaling modulator 3	Homo sapiens	0-31
27307211-1	2016	G Protein Signaling Modulator-3 (GPSM3) is a leukocyte-specific regulator of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which binds inactivated Galphai GDP subunits and precludes their reassociation with Gbetagamma subunits.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	G protein signaling modulator 3	Homo sapiens	33-38
27558716-1	2016	Resistance to Inhibitors of Cholinesterase A (Ric-8A) is a 60-kDa cytosolic protein that has chaperone and guanine nucleotide exchange (GEF) activity toward heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunits of the i, q, and 12/13 classes, catalyzing the release of GDP from Galpha and subsequent binding of GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	255-258	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	136-139
27558716-1	2016	Resistance to Inhibitors of Cholinesterase A (Ric-8A) is a 60-kDa cytosolic protein that has chaperone and guanine nucleotide exchange (GEF) activity toward heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunits of the i, q, and 12/13 classes, catalyzing the release of GDP from Galpha and subsequent binding of GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	255-258	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	264-270
27558716-1	2016	Resistance to Inhibitors of Cholinesterase A (Ric-8A) is a 60-kDa cytosolic protein that has chaperone and guanine nucleotide exchange (GEF) activity toward heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunits of the i, q, and 12/13 classes, catalyzing the release of GDP from Galpha and subsequent binding of GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	255-258	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	46-52
27558716-2	2016	In the absence of GTP or GTP analogs, and subsequent to GDP release, Galpha forms a stable nucleotide-free complex with Ric-8A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	69-75
27558716-2	2016	In the absence of GTP or GTP analogs, and subsequent to GDP release, Galpha forms a stable nucleotide-free complex with Ric-8A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	120-126
27559163-0	2016	Mutant Huntingtin Impairs BDNF Release from Astrocytes by Disrupting Conversion of Rab3a-GTP into Rab3a-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	huntingtin	Mus musculus	7-17
27559163-0	2016	Mutant Huntingtin Impairs BDNF Release from Astrocytes by Disrupting Conversion of Rab3a-GTP into Rab3a-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Mus musculus	26-30
27559163-0	2016	Mutant Huntingtin Impairs BDNF Release from Astrocytes by Disrupting Conversion of Rab3a-GTP into Rab3a-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	98-103
27256611-6	2016	A ROC curve was used to evaluate STA-PSV, STA-D, thyroid function and thyroid autoimmune antibodies for identification of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	GCY	Homo sapiens	33-36
27526668-3	2016	Here, we show that, immediately after birth, in the CA3 hippocampal region of the BTBR T+tf/J mouse, an animal model of idiopathic autism, GDPs are severely impaired.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-143	carbonic anhydrase 3	Mus musculus	52-55
27508873-6	2016	Human BAT was sensitive to the purine nucleotide GDP, providing the first direct evidence that human BAT mitochondria have thermogenically functional UCP1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	150-154
27457958-5	2016	atx-2 regulates the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, downstream of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and upstream of ribosomal protein S6 kinase and mTOR complex 1 (TORC1), by its direct association with Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor beta, which likely regulates RHEB shuttling between GDP-bound and GTP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	225-228	Ataxin-2 homolog;LsmAD domain-containing protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	0-5
27457958-5	2016	atx-2 regulates the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, downstream of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and upstream of ribosomal protein S6 kinase and mTOR complex 1 (TORC1), by its direct association with Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor beta, which likely regulates RHEB shuttling between GDP-bound and GTP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	225-228	Putative ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-1;Ribosomal protein S6 kinase	Caenorhabditis elegans	134-161
27457958-5	2016	atx-2 regulates the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, downstream of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and upstream of ribosomal protein S6 kinase and mTOR complex 1 (TORC1), by its direct association with Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor beta, which likely regulates RHEB shuttling between GDP-bound and GTP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	304-307	Ataxin-2 homolog;LsmAD domain-containing protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	0-5
27457958-5	2016	atx-2 regulates the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, downstream of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and upstream of ribosomal protein S6 kinase and mTOR complex 1 (TORC1), by its direct association with Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor beta, which likely regulates RHEB shuttling between GDP-bound and GTP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	304-307	Putative ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-1;Ribosomal protein S6 kinase	Caenorhabditis elegans	134-161
27483005-1	2016	Agonist-activated G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) interact with GDP-bound G protein heterotrimers (Galphabetagamma) promoting GDP/GTP exchange, which results in dissociation of Galpha from the receptor and Gbetagamma.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	103-109
27483005-2	2016	The GTPase activity of Galpha hydrolyzes GTP to GDP, and the GDP-bound Galpha interacts with Gbetagamma, forming a GDP-bound G protein heterotrimer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	23-29
27483005-2	2016	The GTPase activity of Galpha hydrolyzes GTP to GDP, and the GDP-bound Galpha interacts with Gbetagamma, forming a GDP-bound G protein heterotrimer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	23-29
27483005-2	2016	The GTPase activity of Galpha hydrolyzes GTP to GDP, and the GDP-bound Galpha interacts with Gbetagamma, forming a GDP-bound G protein heterotrimer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	71-77
27483005-2	2016	The GTPase activity of Galpha hydrolyzes GTP to GDP, and the GDP-bound Galpha interacts with Gbetagamma, forming a GDP-bound G protein heterotrimer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	23-29
27483005-2	2016	The GTPase activity of Galpha hydrolyzes GTP to GDP, and the GDP-bound Galpha interacts with Gbetagamma, forming a GDP-bound G protein heterotrimer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	71-77
27483005-8	2016	Our simulation data suggests that activated receptors trigger conformational changes of the Galpha subunit that are thermodynamically favorable for opening of the nucleotide-binding pocket and GDP release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	193-196	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	92-98
26996924-2	2016	The high energy of GTP binding is used to restrain and stabilize the conformation of the Galpha switch segments, particularly switch II, to afford stable complementary to the surfaces of Galpha effectors, while excluding interaction with Gbetagamma, the regulatory binding partner of GDP-bound Galpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	284-287	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	89-95
26996924-2	2016	The high energy of GTP binding is used to restrain and stabilize the conformation of the Galpha switch segments, particularly switch II, to afford stable complementary to the surfaces of Galpha effectors, while excluding interaction with Gbetagamma, the regulatory binding partner of GDP-bound Galpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	284-287	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	187-193
26996924-2	2016	The high energy of GTP binding is used to restrain and stabilize the conformation of the Galpha switch segments, particularly switch II, to afford stable complementary to the surfaces of Galpha effectors, while excluding interaction with Gbetagamma, the regulatory binding partner of GDP-bound Galpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	284-287	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	187-193
27410739-6	2016	In this biophysical study, we investigated the effect of Ca(2+)/CaM on the interaction of GDP- and GTP-loaded K-Ras4B with heterogeneous model biomembranes by using a combination of different spectroscopic and imaging techniques.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	64-67
27362234-3	2016	Crystallographic evidence from a prototypic GPCR, the beta2-adrenergic receptor (beta2AR), in complex with its cognate G protein, Gs, has provided a model for how agonist binding promotes conformational changes that propagate through the GPCR and into the nucleotide-binding pocket of the G protein alpha-subunit to catalyse GDP release, the key step required for GTP binding and activation of G proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	325-328	adrenoceptor beta 2	Homo sapiens	54-79
27362234-3	2016	Crystallographic evidence from a prototypic GPCR, the beta2-adrenergic receptor (beta2AR), in complex with its cognate G protein, Gs, has provided a model for how agonist binding promotes conformational changes that propagate through the GPCR and into the nucleotide-binding pocket of the G protein alpha-subunit to catalyse GDP release, the key step required for GTP binding and activation of G proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	325-328	adrenoceptor beta 2	Homo sapiens	81-88
27235398-2	2016	In Arabidopsis, the sole 7-transmembrane regulator of G protein signaling 1 (AtRGS1) modulates the G protein complex by keeping it in the resting state (GDP-bound).	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	REGULATOR OF G-PROTEIN SIGNALING 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	77-83
27238282-10	2016	Our data are consistent with a unique mode of MT interaction in which DCX specifically recognizes this compacted GDP-like MT lattice.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	doublecortin	Homo sapiens	70-73
27071416-1	2016	Interferon-gamma inducible human guanylate binding protein-1 (hGBP1) shows a unique characteristic that hydrolyses GTP to a mixture of GDP and GMP through successive cleavages, with GMP being the major product.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-16
27071416-1	2016	Interferon-gamma inducible human guanylate binding protein-1 (hGBP1) shows a unique characteristic that hydrolyses GTP to a mixture of GDP and GMP through successive cleavages, with GMP being the major product.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	guanylate binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	33-60
27071416-1	2016	Interferon-gamma inducible human guanylate binding protein-1 (hGBP1) shows a unique characteristic that hydrolyses GTP to a mixture of GDP and GMP through successive cleavages, with GMP being the major product.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	guanylate binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	62-67
27458535-2	2016	This GEF increases active Ras as it catalyzes the removal of GDP from Ras so that GTP can bind and activate Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	5-8
27256611-8	2016	The optimal cut-off points of STA-PSV, STA-D, TSH and FT4 for GDP were 40 cm/s, 2.0mm, 0.03 mIU/L and 30 pmol/L with the sensitivity of 82.9%, 72.1%, 81.8%, 76.2% and specificity of 81.8%, 87.9%, 75.2%, 80.3%, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	GCY	Homo sapiens	30-33
27256611-8	2016	The optimal cut-off points of STA-PSV, STA-D, TSH and FT4 for GDP were 40 cm/s, 2.0mm, 0.03 mIU/L and 30 pmol/L with the sensitivity of 82.9%, 72.1%, 81.8%, 76.2% and specificity of 81.8%, 87.9%, 75.2%, 80.3%, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	GCY	Homo sapiens	39-42
27256611-9	2016	CONCLUSIONS: Detection of STA-PSV and STA-D by CDU, as well as thyroid function, is useful in screening GDP in pregnant patients with thyrotoxicosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	GCY	Homo sapiens	26-29
27256611-9	2016	CONCLUSIONS: Detection of STA-PSV and STA-D by CDU, as well as thyroid function, is useful in screening GDP in pregnant patients with thyrotoxicosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	GCY	Homo sapiens	38-41
27363609-3	2016	Here, we determined the structure of Myo9b-RhoGAP in complex with GDP-bound RhoA and magnesium fluoride.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	myosin IXB	Homo sapiens	37-42
27363609-3	2016	Here, we determined the structure of Myo9b-RhoGAP in complex with GDP-bound RhoA and magnesium fluoride.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	Rho GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	43-49
27363609-3	2016	Here, we determined the structure of Myo9b-RhoGAP in complex with GDP-bound RhoA and magnesium fluoride.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	76-80
26549032-7	2016	In agreement, using three distinct assays that measure different aspects of the RasGTP/GDP cycle, we established that overexpression of RasGRP1 in T-ALLs results in a constitutively high GTP-loading rate of Ras, which is constantly counterbalanced by hydrolysis of RasGTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	136-143
26549032-9	2016	Thus, we reveal an entirely novel type of leukemogenic Ras signals that is based on a RasGRP1-driven increased in flux through the RasGTP/GDP cycle, which is mechanistically very different from KRAS(G12D) signals.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	86-93
27412770-1	2016	The cycling between GDP- and GTP- bound forms of the Ras protein is partly regulated by the binding of Sos.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	xylosyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens	103-106
27412770-6	2016	The weak transient interaction between Sos and the second H-Ras GTPgammaS may provide a necessary mechanism for complex dissociation upon the completion of the native GDP   GTP exchange reaction, but also explains measurable GTP   GTP exchange activity of Sos routinely observed in in vitro assays that use fluorescently-labelled analogs of GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	167-170	xylosyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens	39-42
27412770-6	2016	The weak transient interaction between Sos and the second H-Ras GTPgammaS may provide a necessary mechanism for complex dissociation upon the completion of the native GDP   GTP exchange reaction, but also explains measurable GTP   GTP exchange activity of Sos routinely observed in in vitro assays that use fluorescently-labelled analogs of GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	167-170	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	58-63
27412770-6	2016	The weak transient interaction between Sos and the second H-Ras GTPgammaS may provide a necessary mechanism for complex dissociation upon the completion of the native GDP   GTP exchange reaction, but also explains measurable GTP   GTP exchange activity of Sos routinely observed in in vitro assays that use fluorescently-labelled analogs of GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	167-170	xylosyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens	256-259
27313204-4	2016	Free EF-G, not bound to the ribosome, adopts quite different structures in its GTP and GDP forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	5-9
27256611-7	2016	RESULTS: The area under the ROC curve of STA-PSV, STA-D and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free T4 (FT4) for GDP were 0.905, 0.887, 0.803 and 0.786, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	GCY	Homo sapiens	41-44
27256611-7	2016	RESULTS: The area under the ROC curve of STA-PSV, STA-D and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free T4 (FT4) for GDP were 0.905, 0.887, 0.803 and 0.786, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	GCY	Homo sapiens	50-53
27227887-6	2016	Consistently, overexpression of GDP-locked Gtr1S20L or GTP-locked Gtr2Q60L, which suppress TORC1 activity in budding yeast, rescued the growth defect of Deltagtr1 cells or Deltagtr2 cells, respectively, and the loss of Lam2, Npr2 or Npr3 similarly diminished the vacuolar localization and the protein levels of Gtr1 and Gtr2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1	Mus musculus	91-96
27227887-6	2016	Consistently, overexpression of GDP-locked Gtr1S20L or GTP-locked Gtr2Q60L, which suppress TORC1 activity in budding yeast, rescued the growth defect of Deltagtr1 cells or Deltagtr2 cells, respectively, and the loss of Lam2, Npr2 or Npr3 similarly diminished the vacuolar localization and the protein levels of Gtr1 and Gtr2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	Ysp2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	219-223
27227887-6	2016	Consistently, overexpression of GDP-locked Gtr1S20L or GTP-locked Gtr2Q60L, which suppress TORC1 activity in budding yeast, rescued the growth defect of Deltagtr1 cells or Deltagtr2 cells, respectively, and the loss of Lam2, Npr2 or Npr3 similarly diminished the vacuolar localization and the protein levels of Gtr1 and Gtr2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	nitrogen permease regulating protein NPR2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	225-229
27227887-6	2016	Consistently, overexpression of GDP-locked Gtr1S20L or GTP-locked Gtr2Q60L, which suppress TORC1 activity in budding yeast, rescued the growth defect of Deltagtr1 cells or Deltagtr2 cells, respectively, and the loss of Lam2, Npr2 or Npr3 similarly diminished the vacuolar localization and the protein levels of Gtr1 and Gtr2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	Npr3p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	233-237
27227887-6	2016	Consistently, overexpression of GDP-locked Gtr1S20L or GTP-locked Gtr2Q60L, which suppress TORC1 activity in budding yeast, rescued the growth defect of Deltagtr1 cells or Deltagtr2 cells, respectively, and the loss of Lam2, Npr2 or Npr3 similarly diminished the vacuolar localization and the protein levels of Gtr1 and Gtr2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	Rag GTPase GTR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	43-47
27227887-8	2016	These findings suggest that Lam2 and Npr2-Npr3 function together as a tether for GDP-bound Gtr1 to the vacuolar membrane, thereby suppressing TORC1 activity for multiple cellular functions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	Ysp2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	28-32
27227887-8	2016	These findings suggest that Lam2 and Npr2-Npr3 function together as a tether for GDP-bound Gtr1 to the vacuolar membrane, thereby suppressing TORC1 activity for multiple cellular functions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	nitrogen permease regulating protein NPR2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	37-41
27227887-8	2016	These findings suggest that Lam2 and Npr2-Npr3 function together as a tether for GDP-bound Gtr1 to the vacuolar membrane, thereby suppressing TORC1 activity for multiple cellular functions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	Npr3p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	42-46
27227887-8	2016	These findings suggest that Lam2 and Npr2-Npr3 function together as a tether for GDP-bound Gtr1 to the vacuolar membrane, thereby suppressing TORC1 activity for multiple cellular functions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	Rag GTPase GTR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	91-95
27227887-8	2016	These findings suggest that Lam2 and Npr2-Npr3 function together as a tether for GDP-bound Gtr1 to the vacuolar membrane, thereby suppressing TORC1 activity for multiple cellular functions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1	Mus musculus	142-147
27162341-1	2016	Multifunctional beta-catenin, with critical roles in both cell-cell adhesion and Wnt-signaling pathways, was among HeLa cell proteins coimmunoprecipitated by antibodies against brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange factors 1 and 2 (BIG1 or BIG2) that activate ADP-ribosylation factors (Arfs) by accelerating the replacement of bound GDP with GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	345-348	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	16-28
26969162-2	2016	The canonical view is that Rabs are soluble in their inactive GDP-bound form, and only upon activation and conversion to their GTP-bound state are they anchored to membranes through membrane insertion of a C-terminal prenyl group.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	RAB13, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	27-31
27063503-4	2016	Here, we show that while EF-G GDP does not stably bind to the ribosome and induce translocation, EF-G GDP in complex with phosphate group analogs BeF3(-) and AlF4(-) promotes the translocation of tRNA and mRNA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	25-29
27063503-4	2016	Here, we show that while EF-G GDP does not stably bind to the ribosome and induce translocation, EF-G GDP in complex with phosphate group analogs BeF3(-) and AlF4(-) promotes the translocation of tRNA and mRNA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	25-29
27063503-4	2016	Here, we show that while EF-G GDP does not stably bind to the ribosome and induce translocation, EF-G GDP in complex with phosphate group analogs BeF3(-) and AlF4(-) promotes the translocation of tRNA and mRNA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	97-101
27143109-6	2016	CRN7 harbours a Cdc42- and Rac-interactive binding (CRIB) motif in its tandem beta-propellers and binds selectively to GDP-bound Cdc42N17 mutant.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	coronin 7	Mus musculus	0-4
27143109-6	2016	CRN7 harbours a Cdc42- and Rac-interactive binding (CRIB) motif in its tandem beta-propellers and binds selectively to GDP-bound Cdc42N17 mutant.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	16-21
27217775-5	2016	K-Ras transduces signals when it binds to guanosine triphosphate by directly binding to downstream effector proteins, but in case of guanosine diphosphate-bound conformation, these interactions get disrupted.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-154	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
27217775-9	2016	Moreover, the designed compounds" interactions are similar to guanosine diphosphate and, thus, could presumably act as a potential lead for K-Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-83	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	140-145
26767484-5	2016	Further analysis revealed that the stability of Rab11A S25N is dependent on the occupation of GDP in the nucleotide binding pocket of the protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	94-97	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	48-54
26968627-8	2016	Furthermore, genetic analyses link Snu114 GTP/GDP occupancy to Prp8-dependent regulation of Brr2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	elongation factor Tu GTP binding domain containing 2	Homo sapiens	35-41
26968627-8	2016	Furthermore, genetic analyses link Snu114 GTP/GDP occupancy to Prp8-dependent regulation of Brr2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	pre-mRNA processing factor 8	Homo sapiens	63-67
26968627-8	2016	Furthermore, genetic analyses link Snu114 GTP/GDP occupancy to Prp8-dependent regulation of Brr2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein U5 subunit 200	Homo sapiens	92-96
27102355-5	2016	We demonstrate that ARL-3 is a unique small GTPase with unusual high intrinsic GDP release but low intrinsic GTP binding rate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 3	Caenorhabditis elegans	20-25
26781224-3	2016	Upon amino acid stimulation, active Rag heterodimer (RagA/B(GTP)-RagC/D(GDP)) recruits mTORC1 to the lysosomal membrane where Rheb resides.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	Ras related GTP binding B	Homo sapiens	53-59
26781224-3	2016	Upon amino acid stimulation, active Rag heterodimer (RagA/B(GTP)-RagC/D(GDP)) recruits mTORC1 to the lysosomal membrane where Rheb resides.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1	Mus musculus	87-93
26781224-3	2016	Upon amino acid stimulation, active Rag heterodimer (RagA/B(GTP)-RagC/D(GDP)) recruits mTORC1 to the lysosomal membrane where Rheb resides.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding	Homo sapiens	126-130
26373425-0	2016	1H, 15N and 13C backbone assignments of GDP-bound human H-Ras mutant G12V.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	56-61
26854667-3	2016	By engineering a fusion protein, we report the crystal structure of Caenorhabditis elegans POFUT2 (CePOFUT2) in complex with GDP and human TSR1 that suggests an inverting mechanism for fucose transfer assisted by a catalytic base and shows that nearly half of the TSR1 is embraced by CePOFUT2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	protein O-fucosyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens	91-97
26854667-3	2016	By engineering a fusion protein, we report the crystal structure of Caenorhabditis elegans POFUT2 (CePOFUT2) in complex with GDP and human TSR1 that suggests an inverting mechanism for fucose transfer assisted by a catalytic base and shows that nearly half of the TSR1 is embraced by CePOFUT2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	TSR1 ribosome maturation factor	Homo sapiens	264-268
26756197-6	2016	Structures of PI4KIIIbeta in an Apo state and bound to the potent inhibitor BQR695 in complex with both GTPgammaS and GDP loaded Rab11 were determined.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase beta	Homo sapiens	14-25
26756197-6	2016	Structures of PI4KIIIbeta in an Apo state and bound to the potent inhibitor BQR695 in complex with both GTPgammaS and GDP loaded Rab11 were determined.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	129-134
26911374-1	2016	Among small GTPases from the Rho family, Cdc42, RAC, and Rho are well known to mediate a large variety of cellular processes linked with cancer biology through their ability to cycle between an inactive (GDP-bound) and an active (GTP-bound) state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	204-207	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	41-46
26911374-1	2016	Among small GTPases from the Rho family, Cdc42, RAC, and Rho are well known to mediate a large variety of cellular processes linked with cancer biology through their ability to cycle between an inactive (GDP-bound) and an active (GTP-bound) state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	204-207	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	48-51
26809475-10	2016	The same was observed upon the co-expression of Gpm6a with the inactive GDP-bound form of Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	glycoprotein m6a	Rattus norvegicus	48-53
26809475-10	2016	The same was observed upon the co-expression of Gpm6a with the inactive GDP-bound form of Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	90-94
26809475-11	2016	In this case, the elevated membrane recruitment of GDP-bound Rac1 was detected as well.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	61-65
30189125-1	2016	Joint action of theophylline and guanosine diphosphate leads to the additional release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores of oocytes with intact microfilaments and microtubules, additional release of Ca2+ was not observed in oocytes after the joint action of prolactin and guanosine triphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-54	carbonic anhydrase 2	Homo sapiens	90-93
30189125-1	2016	Joint action of theophylline and guanosine diphosphate leads to the additional release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores of oocytes with intact microfilaments and microtubules, additional release of Ca2+ was not observed in oocytes after the joint action of prolactin and guanosine triphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-54	carbonic anhydrase 2	Homo sapiens	199-202
26767484-6	2016	We found that the stability of Rab11A S25N is affected by the presence of GDP, not other nucleotides, and is independent of pH or salt in FPLC buffer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	31-37
27010858-2	2016	ARHGAP10 is a member of RhoGAP proteins and inactivates Cdc42 by converting GTP-bound form to GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	94-97	Rho GTPase activating protein 10	Homo sapiens	0-8
27010858-2	2016	ARHGAP10 is a member of RhoGAP proteins and inactivates Cdc42 by converting GTP-bound form to GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	94-97	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	56-61
26953351-4	2016	Upon arl2 RNA intereference, Arl2-GDP expression, or arl2 deletions, microtubule abnormalities and asymmetric division defects were observed.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	ADP ribosylation factor-like 2	Drosophila melanogaster	29-33
26839362-10	2016	Active, GTP-locked Rab8 is primarily associated with dynamic membrane compartments and the plasma membrane, whereas GDP-locked Rab8 forms large cytoplasmic aggregates.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	Rab8	Drosophila melanogaster	127-131
27022630-6	2016	As the Drosophila homologue of mammalian DENN/MADD and Caenorhabditis elegans AEX-3, Rab3-GEF is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rab3 that stimulates GDP to GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	MAP kinase activating death domain	Homo sapiens	41-45
27022630-6	2016	As the Drosophila homologue of mammalian DENN/MADD and Caenorhabditis elegans AEX-3, Rab3-GEF is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rab3 that stimulates GDP to GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	MAP kinase activating death domain	Homo sapiens	46-50
27022630-6	2016	As the Drosophila homologue of mammalian DENN/MADD and Caenorhabditis elegans AEX-3, Rab3-GEF is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rab3 that stimulates GDP to GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	MAP kinase-activating death domain protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	78-83
27022630-6	2016	As the Drosophila homologue of mammalian DENN/MADD and Caenorhabditis elegans AEX-3, Rab3-GEF is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rab3 that stimulates GDP to GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	Rab3	Drosophila melanogaster	85-89
27022630-6	2016	As the Drosophila homologue of mammalian DENN/MADD and Caenorhabditis elegans AEX-3, Rab3-GEF is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rab3 that stimulates GDP to GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor at 64C	Drosophila melanogaster	90-93
27022630-6	2016	As the Drosophila homologue of mammalian DENN/MADD and Caenorhabditis elegans AEX-3, Rab3-GEF is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rab3 that stimulates GDP to GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor at 64C	Drosophila melanogaster	135-138
27022630-6	2016	As the Drosophila homologue of mammalian DENN/MADD and Caenorhabditis elegans AEX-3, Rab3-GEF is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rab3 that stimulates GDP to GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	Ras-related protein Rab-3	Caenorhabditis elegans	144-148
26937006-7	2016	In CA1, where interneurons are the primary source of recurrent excitation, we found that those from the MGE strongly and preferentially contributed to GDP generation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	151-154	carbonic anhydrase 1	Mus musculus	3-6
26822702-1	2016	Molecular details for RhoA/GAP catalysis of the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP are poorly understood.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	22-26
26739882-5	2016	These studies provide convincing evidence that the KRAS(G12C) mutation generates a "hyperexcitable" rather than a "statically active" state and that targeting the inactive, GDP-bound form is a promising approach for generating novel anti-RAS therapeutics.	Guanosine Diphosphate	173-176	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	51-55
26739882-6	2016	SIGNIFICANCE: A cell-active, mutant-specific, covalent inhibitor of KRAS(G12C) is described that targets the GDP-bound, inactive state and prevents subsequent activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	68-72
28251173-3	2016	Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) promote Rab activation with the exchange of bound GDP for GTP, while GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) regulate Rab inactivation with GTP hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	RAB21, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	51-54
26973836-7	2016	Significantly, these exhibited a preferential interaction with GTP- vs. GDP-locked Rab41/6d.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	RAB41, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	83-88
26973836-11	2016	Co-immunoprecipation experiments verified that the interaction of dynactin 6 and syntaxin 8 with GTP-locked Rab41/6d was stronger than that with wild type Rab41/6d and least with the GDP-locked form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	183-186	dynactin subunit 6	Homo sapiens	66-76
26973836-11	2016	Co-immunoprecipation experiments verified that the interaction of dynactin 6 and syntaxin 8 with GTP-locked Rab41/6d was stronger than that with wild type Rab41/6d and least with the GDP-locked form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	183-186	syntaxin 8	Homo sapiens	81-91
26973836-11	2016	Co-immunoprecipation experiments verified that the interaction of dynactin 6 and syntaxin 8 with GTP-locked Rab41/6d was stronger than that with wild type Rab41/6d and least with the GDP-locked form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	183-186	RAB41, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	108-113
26973836-11	2016	Co-immunoprecipation experiments verified that the interaction of dynactin 6 and syntaxin 8 with GTP-locked Rab41/6d was stronger than that with wild type Rab41/6d and least with the GDP-locked form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	183-186	RAB41, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	108-116
26973836-12	2016	In contrast, co-immunoprecipitation interaction with Rab6a was greatest with the GDP-locked Rab6a, suggestive of a non-physiological interaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	RAB6A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	53-58
26973836-12	2016	In contrast, co-immunoprecipitation interaction with Rab6a was greatest with the GDP-locked Rab6a, suggestive of a non-physiological interaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	RAB6A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	92-97
26960760-4	2016	K-Ras is a member of a large family of related proteins, which share very similar GDP/GTP-binding domains, making specific therapies more difficult.	Guanosine Diphosphate	82-85	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	0-5
26902995-3	2016	Even though all impair GAP-assisted GTP   GDP hydrolysis, the mutation frequencies of K-Ras4B in human cancers vary.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	86-93
26902995-8	2016	Oncogenic mutations differentially elicit an inactive-to-active conformational transition in K-Ras4B-GTP; in K-Ras4B(G12C/G12D)-GDP they expose the bound nucleotide which facilitates the GDP-to-GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	93-100
26902995-8	2016	Oncogenic mutations differentially elicit an inactive-to-active conformational transition in K-Ras4B-GTP; in K-Ras4B(G12C/G12D)-GDP they expose the bound nucleotide which facilitates the GDP-to-GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	109-116
26902995-8	2016	Oncogenic mutations differentially elicit an inactive-to-active conformational transition in K-Ras4B-GTP; in K-Ras4B(G12C/G12D)-GDP they expose the bound nucleotide which facilitates the GDP-to-GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	187-190	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	93-100
26902995-8	2016	Oncogenic mutations differentially elicit an inactive-to-active conformational transition in K-Ras4B-GTP; in K-Ras4B(G12C/G12D)-GDP they expose the bound nucleotide which facilitates the GDP-to-GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	187-190	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	109-116
26629855-3	2016	Recently, disulfide libraries and targeted GDP-mimetics have been used to selectively label the G12C oncogenic mutation in KRAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	123-127
26854235-4	2016	The AGO2 N-terminal domain directly binds the Switch II region of KRAS, agnostic of nucleotide (GDP/GTP) binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	argonaute RISC catalytic component 2	Homo sapiens	4-8
26854235-4	2016	The AGO2 N-terminal domain directly binds the Switch II region of KRAS, agnostic of nucleotide (GDP/GTP) binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	66-70
26869029-5	2016	PTEN dephosphorylates Rab7 on two conserved residues S72 and Y183, which are necessary for GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI)-dependent recruitment of Rab7 on to late endosomes and subsequent maturation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Homo sapiens	0-4
26869029-5	2016	PTEN dephosphorylates Rab7 on two conserved residues S72 and Y183, which are necessary for GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI)-dependent recruitment of Rab7 on to late endosomes and subsequent maturation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	22-26
26869029-5	2016	PTEN dephosphorylates Rab7 on two conserved residues S72 and Y183, which are necessary for GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI)-dependent recruitment of Rab7 on to late endosomes and subsequent maturation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	149-153
26574607-6	2016	Unexpectedly, depending on mutation types and positions, these RHOA mutants showed different or even opposite functional consequences in terms of GTP/guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-binding kinetics, regulation of actin fibers, and transcriptional activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	150-171	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	63-67
26574607-6	2016	Unexpectedly, depending on mutation types and positions, these RHOA mutants showed different or even opposite functional consequences in terms of GTP/guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-binding kinetics, regulation of actin fibers, and transcriptional activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	173-176	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	63-67
26761128-9	2016	We further observe that like K-Kas4B, full-length K-Ras4A exhibits nucleotide-dependent HVR fluctuations; however, these fluctuations differ between the GDP-bound forms of K-Ras4A and K-Ras4B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	50-57
26761128-9	2016	We further observe that like K-Kas4B, full-length K-Ras4A exhibits nucleotide-dependent HVR fluctuations; however, these fluctuations differ between the GDP-bound forms of K-Ras4A and K-Ras4B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	172-179
26761128-9	2016	We further observe that like K-Kas4B, full-length K-Ras4A exhibits nucleotide-dependent HVR fluctuations; however, these fluctuations differ between the GDP-bound forms of K-Ras4A and K-Ras4B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	184-191
26582740-5	2016	NPRL2 majorly locates in the lysosomal membranes and has a higher binding affinity to the dominant negative mutant heterodimer of RagA(GDP)/RagD(GTP) that inactivates mTORC1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	Nitrogen permease regulator-like 2	Drosophila melanogaster	0-5
26582740-5	2016	NPRL2 majorly locates in the lysosomal membranes and has a higher binding affinity to the dominant negative mutant heterodimer of RagA(GDP)/RagD(GTP) that inactivates mTORC1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	Ras-related GTP binding A/B	Drosophila melanogaster	130-134
26582740-5	2016	NPRL2 majorly locates in the lysosomal membranes and has a higher binding affinity to the dominant negative mutant heterodimer of RagA(GDP)/RagD(GTP) that inactivates mTORC1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1	Mus musculus	167-173
26582740-6	2016	However, the binding affinity of NPRL2 with Raptor is much less pronounced in cells expressing the dominant negative mutant heterodimer of RagA(GDP)/RagD(GTP) than in cells expressing the dominant positive mutant heterodimer, RagA(GTP)/RagD(GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	Nitrogen permease regulator-like 2	Drosophila melanogaster	33-38
26582740-6	2016	However, the binding affinity of NPRL2 with Raptor is much less pronounced in cells expressing the dominant negative mutant heterodimer of RagA(GDP)/RagD(GTP) than in cells expressing the dominant positive mutant heterodimer, RagA(GTP)/RagD(GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	raptor	Drosophila melanogaster	44-50
26582740-6	2016	However, the binding affinity of NPRL2 with Raptor is much less pronounced in cells expressing the dominant negative mutant heterodimer of RagA(GDP)/RagD(GTP) than in cells expressing the dominant positive mutant heterodimer, RagA(GTP)/RagD(GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	Ras-related GTP binding A/B	Drosophila melanogaster	139-143
26582740-6	2016	However, the binding affinity of NPRL2 with Raptor is much less pronounced in cells expressing the dominant negative mutant heterodimer of RagA(GDP)/RagD(GTP) than in cells expressing the dominant positive mutant heterodimer, RagA(GTP)/RagD(GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	241-244	Nitrogen permease regulator-like 2	Drosophila melanogaster	33-38
26582740-6	2016	However, the binding affinity of NPRL2 with Raptor is much less pronounced in cells expressing the dominant negative mutant heterodimer of RagA(GDP)/RagD(GTP) than in cells expressing the dominant positive mutant heterodimer, RagA(GTP)/RagD(GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	241-244	raptor	Drosophila melanogaster	44-50
26609069-6	2016	When Gtr1 was in its GTP-bound form and TORC1 was active, these proteins were preferentially localized on the vacuolar membrane, whereas when Gtr1 was in its GDP-bound form, they were mostly localized on the puncta.	Guanosine Diphosphate	158-161	Rag GTPase GTR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	142-146
26683831-7	2016	Given that GTP- and GDP-bound Rab27a regulate exocytosis and the late stage of endocytosis, our results indicate that the glucose-induced activation of PI3K plays a pivotal role in exocytosis-endocytosis coupling, and that ARNO and EPI64 regulate endocytosis at distinct stages.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	30-36
26705305-4	2016	The suppression of eIF2alpha phosphorylation via MPT synthase and ATAC prevented sequestration of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor eIF2B, which recycles eIF2-GDP to eIF2-GTP, resulting in the promotion of translation initiation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	164-167	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Homo sapiens	19-28
26705305-4	2016	The suppression of eIF2alpha phosphorylation via MPT synthase and ATAC prevented sequestration of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor eIF2B, which recycles eIF2-GDP to eIF2-GTP, resulting in the promotion of translation initiation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	164-167	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	137-142
26705305-4	2016	The suppression of eIF2alpha phosphorylation via MPT synthase and ATAC prevented sequestration of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor eIF2B, which recycles eIF2-GDP to eIF2-GTP, resulting in the promotion of translation initiation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	164-167	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	19-23
26705305-4	2016	The suppression of eIF2alpha phosphorylation via MPT synthase and ATAC prevented sequestration of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor eIF2B, which recycles eIF2-GDP to eIF2-GTP, resulting in the promotion of translation initiation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	164-167	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	137-141
26826132-3	2016	The molecular details of Dcp1/2 catalysis remain elusive, in part because both cap substrate (m(7)GpppN) and m(7)GDP product are bound by Dcp1/2 with weak (mM) affinity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	decapping mRNA 1B	Homo sapiens	25-31
26826132-3	2016	The molecular details of Dcp1/2 catalysis remain elusive, in part because both cap substrate (m(7)GpppN) and m(7)GDP product are bound by Dcp1/2 with weak (mM) affinity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	decapping mRNA 1B	Homo sapiens	25-29
26818796-3	2016	In this study we find that the adenylylation of Tyr77 stabilizes the active Rab1b state by locking the switch in the active signaling conformation independent of bound GTP or GDP and that electrostatic interactions due to the additional negative charge in the switch region make significant contributions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	175-178	RAB1B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	76-81
26695096-11	2016	We determined the first crystal structure of a doubly acetylated protein, RhoGDIalpha, in complex with RhoA GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	103-107
26620560-2	2016	Like other GTPases, Rab32/38 function as switch molecules that cycle between a GDP-bound inactive form and a GTP-bound active form; the cycle is thought to be regulated by an activating enzyme, guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), and an inactivating enzyme, GTPase-activating protein (GAP), which stimulates the GTPase activity of Rab32/38.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	RAB38, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	20-28
26620560-2	2016	Like other GTPases, Rab32/38 function as switch molecules that cycle between a GDP-bound inactive form and a GTP-bound active form; the cycle is thought to be regulated by an activating enzyme, guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), and an inactivating enzyme, GTPase-activating protein (GAP), which stimulates the GTPase activity of Rab32/38.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	194-228
26620560-2	2016	Like other GTPases, Rab32/38 function as switch molecules that cycle between a GDP-bound inactive form and a GTP-bound active form; the cycle is thought to be regulated by an activating enzyme, guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), and an inactivating enzyme, GTPase-activating protein (GAP), which stimulates the GTPase activity of Rab32/38.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	230-233
26620560-2	2016	Like other GTPases, Rab32/38 function as switch molecules that cycle between a GDP-bound inactive form and a GTP-bound active form; the cycle is thought to be regulated by an activating enzyme, guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), and an inactivating enzyme, GTPase-activating protein (GAP), which stimulates the GTPase activity of Rab32/38.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	RAB38, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	337-345
26667172-4	2016	AGS3 binds the Gi family of G proteins via its G-protein regulatory (GoLoco) motif, stabilizing the Galpha subunit in its GDP-bound conformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
26667172-4	2016	AGS3 binds the Gi family of G proteins via its G-protein regulatory (GoLoco) motif, stabilizing the Galpha subunit in its GDP-bound conformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	100-106
26731536-3	2016	PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate and analyze the biological properties of fibronectin-grafted Ti surfaces treated by GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	91-102
26507856-1	2016	NBDB database describes protein motifs, elementary functional loops (EFLs) that are involved in binding of nucleotide-containing ligands and other biologically relevant cofactors/coenzymes, including ATP, AMP, ATP, GMP, GDP, GTP, CTP, PAP, PPS, FMN, FAD(H), NAD(H), NADP, cAMP, cGMP, c-di-AMP and c-di-GMP, ThPP, THD, F-420, ACO, CoA, PLP and SAM.	Guanosine Diphosphate	220-223	proteolipid protein 1	Homo sapiens	335-338
26729758-3	2016	Fusidic acid inhibits protein synthesis by binding EF-G-GDP, which results in the inhibition of both peptide translocation and ribosome disassembly.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	51-55
26727369-11	2016	There is 90% probability for ICER to be cost effective at INR 2300 willingness to pay, which is 5.5% of India"s GDP per capita.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	cAMP responsive element modulator	Homo sapiens	29-33
26477566-5	2016	When it was tested for several GPCRs including an endogenous GPCR, lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1, agonist-induced conversion of GTP-bound to GDP-bound RalA, which presumably releases the sequestered GRK2, was observed selectively with the GPCRs which have tendency to undergo endocytosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1	Homo sapiens	67-99
26612256-3	2016	We have solved the high resolution crystal structure of a fusion protein of the GTPase domain and the bundle signalling element (BSE) of dynamin 1 liganded with GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	161-164	dynamin 1	Homo sapiens	137-146
26612256-5	2016	Comparing our structure of the GDP state with the known structures of the GTP state, the transition state and the nucleotide-free state of dynamin 1 we describe the structural changes through the hydrolytic cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	dynamin 1	Homo sapiens	139-148
26542736-5	2016	We applied amide hydrogen/deuterium exchange coupled with liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (HDXMS) to investigate the dynamic changes of apo-Cdc42 after GDP, GTP and GMP-PCP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	160-163	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	148-153
26542736-9	2016	Comparing the deuteration levels in three activation states of apo-Cdc42, Cdc42-GDP and Cdc42-GMP-PCP, the apo-Cdc42 has the most flexible structure, which can be stabilized by guanine nucleotide binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	74-79
26542736-9	2016	Comparing the deuteration levels in three activation states of apo-Cdc42, Cdc42-GDP and Cdc42-GMP-PCP, the apo-Cdc42 has the most flexible structure, which can be stabilized by guanine nucleotide binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	74-79
26542736-9	2016	Comparing the deuteration levels in three activation states of apo-Cdc42, Cdc42-GDP and Cdc42-GMP-PCP, the apo-Cdc42 has the most flexible structure, which can be stabilized by guanine nucleotide binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	74-79
27659931-4	2016	Our study revealed a significantly increased appearance rate and concentration of CA125 in the peritoneal effluent of APD patients treated with the neutral-pH, low-GDP solution balance versus a conventional PD solution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	164-167	mucin 16, cell surface associated	Homo sapiens	82-87
27424400-4	2016	By binding GTP or GDP Rap transform between active or inactive state, and plays an important role as a molecular switch.	Guanosine Diphosphate	18-21	LDL receptor related protein associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
28868155-7	2016	We identified de novo missense variants that affect the GDP/GTP-binding site of ARF1 in three unrelated patients.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	80-84
28868155-8	2016	Corresponding functional analysis suggests ARF1 GDP/GTP-activation is affected by the specific missense mutations associated with heterotopia.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	43-47
26735067-5	2016	MCRS1 depletion promotes the formation of the GDP-bound form of Rheb, which is then delocalized from the lysosomal platform and transported to endocytic recycling vesicles, leading to mTORC1 inactivation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	microspherule protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
26735067-5	2016	MCRS1 depletion promotes the formation of the GDP-bound form of Rheb, which is then delocalized from the lysosomal platform and transported to endocytic recycling vesicles, leading to mTORC1 inactivation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding	Homo sapiens	64-68
26735067-5	2016	MCRS1 depletion promotes the formation of the GDP-bound form of Rheb, which is then delocalized from the lysosomal platform and transported to endocytic recycling vesicles, leading to mTORC1 inactivation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1	Mus musculus	184-190
26735067-6	2016	During this delocalization process, Rheb-GDP remains farnesylated and associated with cellular endomembranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding	Homo sapiens	36-40
26634692-4	2015	Rap1-GDP associates with and activates lymphocyte-oriented kinase, which phosphorylates ERM (ezrin, radixin and moesin) in resting T cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	5-8	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-4
26634692-4	2015	Rap1-GDP associates with and activates lymphocyte-oriented kinase, which phosphorylates ERM (ezrin, radixin and moesin) in resting T cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	5-8	radixin	Homo sapiens	100-107
26634692-4	2015	Rap1-GDP associates with and activates lymphocyte-oriented kinase, which phosphorylates ERM (ezrin, radixin and moesin) in resting T cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	5-8	moesin	Homo sapiens	112-118
26477566-5	2016	When it was tested for several GPCRs including an endogenous GPCR, lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1, agonist-induced conversion of GTP-bound to GDP-bound RalA, which presumably releases the sequestered GRK2, was observed selectively with the GPCRs which have tendency to undergo endocytosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	154-158
26477566-5	2016	When it was tested for several GPCRs including an endogenous GPCR, lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1, agonist-induced conversion of GTP-bound to GDP-bound RalA, which presumably releases the sequestered GRK2, was observed selectively with the GPCRs which have tendency to undergo endocytosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2	Homo sapiens	202-206
26477566-7	2016	These results suggest that agonist-induced Gbetagamma-mediated conversion of RalA from the GTP-bound form to the GDP-bound form could be a mechanism to facilitate agonist-induced internalization of GPCRs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	77-81
26453300-6	2015	Our results suggest that full-length wild-type GDP-bound K-Ras4B (K-Ras4B(WT)-GDP) is in an intrinsically autoinhibited state via tight HVR-catalytic domain interactions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	57-64
26630542-0	2015	NDK Interacts with FtsZ and Converts GDP to GTP to Trigger FtsZ Polymerisation--A Novel Role for NDK.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
26630542-4	2015	Therefore, we examined whether NDK can interact with FtsZ to convert FtsZ-bound GDP and/or free GDP to GTP to trigger FtsZ polymerisation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	31-34
26630542-7	2015	The gamma32P-GTP synthesised by NDK from GDP and gamma32P-ATP was detected using thin layer chromatography and quantitated using phosphorimager.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	32-35
26630542-10	2015	RESULTS: NDK triggered instantaneous polymerisation of GDP-precharged recombinant FtsZ in the presence of ATP, similar to the polymerisation of recombinant FtsZ (not GDP-precharged) upon the direct addition of GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	9-12
26630542-11	2015	Similarly, NDK triggered polymerisation of recombinant FtsZ (not GDP-precharged) in the presence of free GDP and ATP as well.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	11-14
26630542-12	2015	Mutant NDK, partially deficient in GTP synthesis from ATP and GDP, triggered low level of polymerisation of MsFtsZ, but not of MtFtsZ.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	7-10
26319900-2	2015	Rheb is a small GTPase protein that shuttles between its GDP- and GTP-bound forms to activate mTOR.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding	Homo sapiens	0-4
26319900-2	2015	Rheb is a small GTPase protein that shuttles between its GDP- and GTP-bound forms to activate mTOR.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	mitochondrial ribosome associated GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	16-19
26319900-2	2015	Rheb is a small GTPase protein that shuttles between its GDP- and GTP-bound forms to activate mTOR.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	94-98
26195453-5	2015	We developed a simple, generic biochemical assay method for measuring GEF activity based on the fact that GDP dissociation is generally the rate-limiting step in the Rho GTPase catalytic cycle, and thus addition of a GEF causes an increase in steady-state GTPase activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	70-73
26195453-5	2015	We developed a simple, generic biochemical assay method for measuring GEF activity based on the fact that GDP dissociation is generally the rate-limiting step in the Rho GTPase catalytic cycle, and thus addition of a GEF causes an increase in steady-state GTPase activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	217-220
26195453-6	2015	We used the Transcreener GDP Assay, which relies on selective immunodetection of GDP, to measure the GEF-dependent stimulation of steady-state GTP hydrolysis by small GTPases using Dbs (Dbl"s big sister) as a GEF for Cdc42, RhoA, and RhoB.	Guanosine Diphosphate	25-28	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	101-104
26195453-6	2015	We used the Transcreener GDP Assay, which relies on selective immunodetection of GDP, to measure the GEF-dependent stimulation of steady-state GTP hydrolysis by small GTPases using Dbs (Dbl"s big sister) as a GEF for Cdc42, RhoA, and RhoB.	Guanosine Diphosphate	25-28	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence like	Homo sapiens	186-202
26195453-6	2015	We used the Transcreener GDP Assay, which relies on selective immunodetection of GDP, to measure the GEF-dependent stimulation of steady-state GTP hydrolysis by small GTPases using Dbs (Dbl"s big sister) as a GEF for Cdc42, RhoA, and RhoB.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	101-104
26195453-6	2015	We used the Transcreener GDP Assay, which relies on selective immunodetection of GDP, to measure the GEF-dependent stimulation of steady-state GTP hydrolysis by small GTPases using Dbs (Dbl"s big sister) as a GEF for Cdc42, RhoA, and RhoB.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence like	Homo sapiens	186-202
26438819-1	2015	Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3)-dependent Rac exchanger 2 (PREX2) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for the Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) GTPase, facilitating the exchange of GDP for GTP on Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	223-226	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	75-80
26438819-1	2015	Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3)-dependent Rac exchanger 2 (PREX2) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for the Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) GTPase, facilitating the exchange of GDP for GTP on Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	223-226	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	87-121
26438819-1	2015	Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3)-dependent Rac exchanger 2 (PREX2) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for the Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) GTPase, facilitating the exchange of GDP for GTP on Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	223-226	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	123-126
26438819-1	2015	Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3)-dependent Rac exchanger 2 (PREX2) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for the Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) GTPase, facilitating the exchange of GDP for GTP on Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	223-226	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	136-178
26438819-1	2015	Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3)-dependent Rac exchanger 2 (PREX2) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for the Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) GTPase, facilitating the exchange of GDP for GTP on Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	223-226	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	180-184
26438819-1	2015	Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3)-dependent Rac exchanger 2 (PREX2) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for the Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) GTPase, facilitating the exchange of GDP for GTP on Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	223-226	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	238-242
26453300-6	2015	Our results suggest that full-length wild-type GDP-bound K-Ras4B (K-Ras4B(WT)-GDP) is in an intrinsically autoinhibited state via tight HVR-catalytic domain interactions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	66-81
26453300-8	2015	Some of the oncogenic mutations weaken the HVR-catalytic domain association in the K-Ras4B-GDP/-GTP bound states, which may facilitate the HVR disassociation in a nucleotide-independent manner, thereby up-regulating oncogenic Ras signaling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	83-90
26430212-3	2015	Rab5 and its effector rabaptin5 (Rbpt5, also known as RABEP1) are generally considered the prime example for a positive-feedback loop in which Rab5-GTP recruits Rbpt5 in complex with Rabex5 (also known as RABGEF1), the GDP/GTP exchange factor of Rab5, to early endosomes, thus maintaining the Rab5 membrane identity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	219-222	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-4
26430212-3	2015	Rab5 and its effector rabaptin5 (Rbpt5, also known as RABEP1) are generally considered the prime example for a positive-feedback loop in which Rab5-GTP recruits Rbpt5 in complex with Rabex5 (also known as RABGEF1), the GDP/GTP exchange factor of Rab5, to early endosomes, thus maintaining the Rab5 membrane identity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	219-222	rabaptin, RAB GTPase binding effector protein 1	Homo sapiens	22-31
26430212-3	2015	Rab5 and its effector rabaptin5 (Rbpt5, also known as RABEP1) are generally considered the prime example for a positive-feedback loop in which Rab5-GTP recruits Rbpt5 in complex with Rabex5 (also known as RABGEF1), the GDP/GTP exchange factor of Rab5, to early endosomes, thus maintaining the Rab5 membrane identity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	219-222	rabaptin, RAB GTPase binding effector protein 1	Homo sapiens	33-38
26430212-3	2015	Rab5 and its effector rabaptin5 (Rbpt5, also known as RABEP1) are generally considered the prime example for a positive-feedback loop in which Rab5-GTP recruits Rbpt5 in complex with Rabex5 (also known as RABGEF1), the GDP/GTP exchange factor of Rab5, to early endosomes, thus maintaining the Rab5 membrane identity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	219-222	rabaptin, RAB GTPase binding effector protein 1	Homo sapiens	54-60
26430212-3	2015	Rab5 and its effector rabaptin5 (Rbpt5, also known as RABEP1) are generally considered the prime example for a positive-feedback loop in which Rab5-GTP recruits Rbpt5 in complex with Rabex5 (also known as RABGEF1), the GDP/GTP exchange factor of Rab5, to early endosomes, thus maintaining the Rab5 membrane identity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	219-222	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	143-147
26430212-3	2015	Rab5 and its effector rabaptin5 (Rbpt5, also known as RABEP1) are generally considered the prime example for a positive-feedback loop in which Rab5-GTP recruits Rbpt5 in complex with Rabex5 (also known as RABGEF1), the GDP/GTP exchange factor of Rab5, to early endosomes, thus maintaining the Rab5 membrane identity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	219-222	rabaptin, RAB GTPase binding effector protein 1	Homo sapiens	161-166
26430212-3	2015	Rab5 and its effector rabaptin5 (Rbpt5, also known as RABEP1) are generally considered the prime example for a positive-feedback loop in which Rab5-GTP recruits Rbpt5 in complex with Rabex5 (also known as RABGEF1), the GDP/GTP exchange factor of Rab5, to early endosomes, thus maintaining the Rab5 membrane identity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	219-222	RAB guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	183-189
26430212-3	2015	Rab5 and its effector rabaptin5 (Rbpt5, also known as RABEP1) are generally considered the prime example for a positive-feedback loop in which Rab5-GTP recruits Rbpt5 in complex with Rabex5 (also known as RABGEF1), the GDP/GTP exchange factor of Rab5, to early endosomes, thus maintaining the Rab5 membrane identity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	219-222	RAB guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	205-212
26430212-3	2015	Rab5 and its effector rabaptin5 (Rbpt5, also known as RABEP1) are generally considered the prime example for a positive-feedback loop in which Rab5-GTP recruits Rbpt5 in complex with Rabex5 (also known as RABGEF1), the GDP/GTP exchange factor of Rab5, to early endosomes, thus maintaining the Rab5 membrane identity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	219-222	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	143-147
26430212-3	2015	Rab5 and its effector rabaptin5 (Rbpt5, also known as RABEP1) are generally considered the prime example for a positive-feedback loop in which Rab5-GTP recruits Rbpt5 in complex with Rabex5 (also known as RABGEF1), the GDP/GTP exchange factor of Rab5, to early endosomes, thus maintaining the Rab5 membrane identity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	219-222	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	143-147
26338468-5	2015	A robust Cdc42 patch is formed through the combined effects of Cdc42 activity promoting its own activation and active Cdc42-GTP displaying reduced membrane detachment and lateral diffusion compared to inactive Cdc42-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	216-219	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	9-14
26261079-6	2015	Other components at the head of the pathway, like the mechanosensor Wsc1, the GTPase Rho1 and its activator the GDP/GTP exchange factor Rom2, co-localized with Pkc1 in these compartments.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	protein kinase C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	160-164
26224100-3	2015	Guanine nucleotide exchange factor VAV2 (VAV2), a member of the Dbl family of proteins, has been identified as one of the GDP/GTP exchange factors for Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	35-39
26224100-3	2015	Guanine nucleotide exchange factor VAV2 (VAV2), a member of the Dbl family of proteins, has been identified as one of the GDP/GTP exchange factors for Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	41-45
26224100-3	2015	Guanine nucleotide exchange factor VAV2 (VAV2), a member of the Dbl family of proteins, has been identified as one of the GDP/GTP exchange factors for Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	151-155
26208648-10	2015	Finally, by using both in vitro and in vivo approaches, we determined that only the GDP-bound form of Arf1 interacts with Memb11.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	auxin response factor 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	102-106
26208648-10	2015	Finally, by using both in vitro and in vivo approaches, we determined that only the GDP-bound form of Arf1 interacts with Memb11.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	membrin 11	Arabidopsis thaliana	122-128
26208648-11	2015	Together, our results indicate that Memb11 interacts with the GDP-bound form of Arf1 in the Golgi apparatus.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	membrin 11	Arabidopsis thaliana	36-42
26208648-11	2015	Together, our results indicate that Memb11 interacts with the GDP-bound form of Arf1 in the Golgi apparatus.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	auxin response factor 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	80-84
26117396-3	2015	By using FAO data for 183 countries over the period 1961-2011, the authors show the connection between annual per capita GDP and the level of ABP (R2=0.62) and meat consumption (R2=0.62).	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	amine oxidase copper containing 1	Homo sapiens	142-145
26338772-0	2015	EF-Tu dynamics during pre-translocation complex formation: EF-Tu GDP exits the ribosome via two different pathways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	0-5
26338772-0	2015	EF-Tu dynamics during pre-translocation complex formation: EF-Tu GDP exits the ribosome via two different pathways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	59-64
26338772-1	2015	The G-protein EF-Tu, which undergoes a major conformational change when EF-Tu GTP is converted to EF-Tu GDP, forms part of an aminoacyl(aa)-tRNA EF-Tu GTP ternary complex (TC) that accelerates the binding of aa-tRNA to the ribosome during peptide elongation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	14-19
26338772-1	2015	The G-protein EF-Tu, which undergoes a major conformational change when EF-Tu GTP is converted to EF-Tu GDP, forms part of an aminoacyl(aa)-tRNA EF-Tu GTP ternary complex (TC) that accelerates the binding of aa-tRNA to the ribosome during peptide elongation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	72-77
26338772-1	2015	The G-protein EF-Tu, which undergoes a major conformational change when EF-Tu GTP is converted to EF-Tu GDP, forms part of an aminoacyl(aa)-tRNA EF-Tu GTP ternary complex (TC) that accelerates the binding of aa-tRNA to the ribosome during peptide elongation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	72-77
26338772-1	2015	The G-protein EF-Tu, which undergoes a major conformational change when EF-Tu GTP is converted to EF-Tu GDP, forms part of an aminoacyl(aa)-tRNA EF-Tu GTP ternary complex (TC) that accelerates the binding of aa-tRNA to the ribosome during peptide elongation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	72-77
26387955-2	2015	The TORC1-stimulating state of Rag GTPase heterodimers, containing GTP- and GDP-loaded RagA/B/Gtr1 and RagC/D/Gtr2, respectively, is maintained in part by the FNIP-Folliculin RagC/D GAP complex in mammalian cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1	Homo sapiens	4-9
26630542-13	2015	As characteristic of NDK"s NTP substrate non-specificity, it used CTP, TTP, and UTP also to convert GDP to GTP, to trigger FtsZ polymerisation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	21-24
26630542-15	2015	Both the recombinant and the native NDK and FtsZ showed interaction with each other in vitro and ex vivo, alluding to the possibility of direct phosphorylation of FtsZ-bound GDP by NDK.	Guanosine Diphosphate	174-177	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	36-39
26630542-15	2015	Both the recombinant and the native NDK and FtsZ showed interaction with each other in vitro and ex vivo, alluding to the possibility of direct phosphorylation of FtsZ-bound GDP by NDK.	Guanosine Diphosphate	174-177	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	181-184
26630542-16	2015	CONCLUSION: Irrespective of the bacterial species, NDK interacts with FtsZ in vitro and ex vivo and, through the synthesis of GTP from FtsZ-bound GDP and/or free GDP, and ATP (CTP/TTP/UTP), triggers FtsZ polymerisation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	51-54
26630542-16	2015	CONCLUSION: Irrespective of the bacterial species, NDK interacts with FtsZ in vitro and ex vivo and, through the synthesis of GTP from FtsZ-bound GDP and/or free GDP, and ATP (CTP/TTP/UTP), triggers FtsZ polymerisation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	162-165	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	51-54
26304119-6	2015	In the nucleus of DRG neurons MYCBP2 co-localized with Ran and facilitated through its RCC1-like domain the GDP/GTP exchange of Ran.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	MYC binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	30-36
26304119-6	2015	In the nucleus of DRG neurons MYCBP2 co-localized with Ran and facilitated through its RCC1-like domain the GDP/GTP exchange of Ran.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	128-131
26484896-4	2015	Purified Rac1 immobilized on beads is used as the bait protein, and can be loaded with GDP, a non-hydrolyzable version of GTP or left nucleotide free, so that the signaling stage to be investigated can be controlled.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	9-13
26387955-2	2015	The TORC1-stimulating state of Rag GTPase heterodimers, containing GTP- and GDP-loaded RagA/B/Gtr1 and RagC/D/Gtr2, respectively, is maintained in part by the FNIP-Folliculin RagC/D GAP complex in mammalian cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	Rag GTPase GTR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	94-98
26213104-4	2015	Adenosine-induced activation of Galphai-3 emerged only when GDP concentrations were increased higher than 10 muM, and the following experiments were performed in the presence of 300 muM GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	186-189	latexin	Homo sapiens	182-185
26299945-5	2015	Here we show that SRbeta-GTP interacts with ribosomes only in presence of SRalpha and present crystal structures of SRbeta in complex with the SRX domain of SRalpha in the GTP-bound state at 3.2 A, and of GDP- and GDP   Mg(2+)-bound SRbeta at 1.9 A and 2.4 A, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	205-208	chaperonin containing TCP1 subunit 4	Homo sapiens	18-24
26299945-5	2015	Here we show that SRbeta-GTP interacts with ribosomes only in presence of SRalpha and present crystal structures of SRbeta in complex with the SRX domain of SRalpha in the GTP-bound state at 3.2 A, and of GDP- and GDP   Mg(2+)-bound SRbeta at 1.9 A and 2.4 A, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	205-208	steroid receptor RNA activator 1	Homo sapiens	157-164
26299945-5	2015	Here we show that SRbeta-GTP interacts with ribosomes only in presence of SRalpha and present crystal structures of SRbeta in complex with the SRX domain of SRalpha in the GTP-bound state at 3.2 A, and of GDP- and GDP   Mg(2+)-bound SRbeta at 1.9 A and 2.4 A, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	214-217	chaperonin containing TCP1 subunit 4	Homo sapiens	18-24
26299945-5	2015	Here we show that SRbeta-GTP interacts with ribosomes only in presence of SRalpha and present crystal structures of SRbeta in complex with the SRX domain of SRalpha in the GTP-bound state at 3.2 A, and of GDP- and GDP   Mg(2+)-bound SRbeta at 1.9 A and 2.4 A, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	214-217	chaperonin containing TCP1 subunit 4	Homo sapiens	116-122
26299945-5	2015	Here we show that SRbeta-GTP interacts with ribosomes only in presence of SRalpha and present crystal structures of SRbeta in complex with the SRX domain of SRalpha in the GTP-bound state at 3.2 A, and of GDP- and GDP   Mg(2+)-bound SRbeta at 1.9 A and 2.4 A, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	214-217	steroid receptor RNA activator 1	Homo sapiens	157-164
26299945-5	2015	Here we show that SRbeta-GTP interacts with ribosomes only in presence of SRalpha and present crystal structures of SRbeta in complex with the SRX domain of SRalpha in the GTP-bound state at 3.2 A, and of GDP- and GDP   Mg(2+)-bound SRbeta at 1.9 A and 2.4 A, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	214-217	chaperonin containing TCP1 subunit 4	Homo sapiens	116-122
26507466-5	2015	Importantly, Tem1 is the target of the SPOC, which relies on the activity of the GTPase-activating complex (GAP) Bub2-Bfa1 to keep Tem1 in the GDP-bound inactive form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	Bfa1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	118-122
26507466-5	2015	Importantly, Tem1 is the target of the SPOC, which relies on the activity of the GTPase-activating complex (GAP) Bub2-Bfa1 to keep Tem1 in the GDP-bound inactive form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	Ras family GTPase TEM1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	13-17
26507466-5	2015	Importantly, Tem1 is the target of the SPOC, which relies on the activity of the GTPase-activating complex (GAP) Bub2-Bfa1 to keep Tem1 in the GDP-bound inactive form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	Bub2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	113-117
26507466-5	2015	Importantly, Tem1 is the target of the SPOC, which relies on the activity of the GTPase-activating complex (GAP) Bub2-Bfa1 to keep Tem1 in the GDP-bound inactive form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	Ras family GTPase TEM1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	131-135
26169956-4	2015	We demonstrated that the blockage of ARF1 activation and the disruption of ARF1 localization to the Golgi by mutating Thr48, a highly conserved residue involved in the exchange of GDP for GTP, and the myristoylation site Gly2 abolished ARF1"s ability to activate ERK1/2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	180-183	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	75-79
26169956-4	2015	We demonstrated that the blockage of ARF1 activation and the disruption of ARF1 localization to the Golgi by mutating Thr48, a highly conserved residue involved in the exchange of GDP for GTP, and the myristoylation site Gly2 abolished ARF1"s ability to activate ERK1/2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	180-183	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	75-79
26056031-6	2015	The Dyn-A current was abolished by KOR antagonist nor-BNI, Ba(2+) and non-hydrolyzable GDP analogue GDP-beta-s, indicating that Dyn-A activates KOR and opens G-protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channels in PVT neurons.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	opioid receptor, kappa 1	Mus musculus	144-147
26370501-5	2015	Sey1p forms a side-by-side dimer in complex with GMP-PNP or GDP/AlF4(-) but is monomeric with GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	dynamin-like GTPase SEY1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-5
26370501-5	2015	Sey1p forms a side-by-side dimer in complex with GMP-PNP or GDP/AlF4(-) but is monomeric with GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	94-97	dynamin-like GTPase SEY1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-5
25776558-3	2015	At the plasma membrane, H-Ras has been proposed to occupy distinct sublocations, depending on its activation status: lipid rafts/detergent-resistant membrane fractions when bound to GDP, diffusing to disordered membrane/soluble fractions in response to GTP loading.	Guanosine Diphosphate	182-185	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	24-29
25991726-5	2015	Binding kinetics of EFL1 to both GDP and GTP suggests a two-step mechanism with an initial binding event followed by a conformational change of the complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-36	elongation factor like GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	20-24
25991726-7	2015	The affinity of EFL1 for GTP is 10-fold lower than that calculated for GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	elongation factor like GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	16-20
25991726-8	2015	Association of EFL1 to SBDS did not modify the affinity for GTP but dramatically decreased that for GDP by increasing the dissociation rate of the nucleotide.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	elongation factor like GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	15-19
25991726-8	2015	Association of EFL1 to SBDS did not modify the affinity for GTP but dramatically decreased that for GDP by increasing the dissociation rate of the nucleotide.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	SBDS ribosome maturation factor	Homo sapiens	23-27
25991726-9	2015	Thus, SBDS acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for EFL1 promoting its activation by the release of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	SBDS ribosome maturation factor	Homo sapiens	6-10
25991726-9	2015	Thus, SBDS acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for EFL1 promoting its activation by the release of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	21-55
25991726-9	2015	Thus, SBDS acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for EFL1 promoting its activation by the release of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	57-60
25991726-9	2015	Thus, SBDS acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for EFL1 promoting its activation by the release of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	elongation factor like GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	66-70
26051716-3	2015	Here, we report the high-resolution structures of Ski7C bound to either intact guanosine triphosphate (GTP) or guanosine diphosphate-Pi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-132	Ski7p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	50-55
26073967-7	2015	We have determined the crystal structures of the following reaction intermediates: two structures of EF-Tu:GDP:EF-Ts (2.2 and 1.8A resolution), EF-Tu:PO4:EF-Ts (1.9A resolution), EF-Tu:GDPNP:EF-Ts (2.2A resolution) and EF-Tu:GDPNP:pulvomycin:Mg(2+):EF-Ts (3.5A resolution).	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	101-106
26073967-7	2015	We have determined the crystal structures of the following reaction intermediates: two structures of EF-Tu:GDP:EF-Ts (2.2 and 1.8A resolution), EF-Tu:PO4:EF-Ts (1.9A resolution), EF-Tu:GDPNP:EF-Ts (2.2A resolution) and EF-Tu:GDPNP:pulvomycin:Mg(2+):EF-Ts (3.5A resolution).	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	111-116
25753113-7	2015	The observed small degree of colocalization of NPs and wildtype Rab5 is consistent with recycling of Rab5-GDP to the plasma membrane and not indicative of NP escape from EEs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	101-105
26037647-5	2015	High-resolution X-ray structures are also provided for the GDP-bound forms of KRAS G12V, G12R, and Q61L and reveal additional insight.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	78-82
26067270-5	2015	In C3-RhoA(GTP) and C3-RhoA(GDP), switch I and II adopt the GDP and GTP conformations, respectively, which explains why C3 can ADP-ribosylate both nucleotide forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	28-31	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	23-27
26067270-5	2015	In C3-RhoA(GTP) and C3-RhoA(GDP), switch I and II adopt the GDP and GTP conformations, respectively, which explains why C3 can ADP-ribosylate both nucleotide forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	6-10
26067270-5	2015	In C3-RhoA(GTP) and C3-RhoA(GDP), switch I and II adopt the GDP and GTP conformations, respectively, which explains why C3 can ADP-ribosylate both nucleotide forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	23-27
26124124-2	2015	An intracellular Ran GTP/Ran GDP gradient created by the distinct subcellular localization of its regulators RCC1 and RanGAP mediates many of its cellular effects.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	17-20
26124124-2	2015	An intracellular Ran GTP/Ran GDP gradient created by the distinct subcellular localization of its regulators RCC1 and RanGAP mediates many of its cellular effects.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	25-28
26124124-2	2015	An intracellular Ran GTP/Ran GDP gradient created by the distinct subcellular localization of its regulators RCC1 and RanGAP mediates many of its cellular effects.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	109-113
26124124-2	2015	An intracellular Ran GTP/Ran GDP gradient created by the distinct subcellular localization of its regulators RCC1 and RanGAP mediates many of its cellular effects.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	Ran GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	118-124
25743165-1	2015	The oncogenic protein ARHGEF5/TIM has long been known to express specifically in human breast cancer and other tumors, which is an important member of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activate Rho-family GTPases by promoting GTP/GDP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	241-244	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 5	Homo sapiens	22-29
25743165-1	2015	The oncogenic protein ARHGEF5/TIM has long been known to express specifically in human breast cancer and other tumors, which is an important member of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activate Rho-family GTPases by promoting GTP/GDP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	241-244	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 5	Homo sapiens	30-33
23981288-2	2015	PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate and analyze the physical properties of fibronectin-grafted titanium surfaces after GDP treatment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-133	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	86-97
25880340-3	2015	Here we show that the PDZ protein syntenin preferentially binds to the GDP-bound form of Rheb.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	syndecan binding protein	Homo sapiens	34-42
25820867-1	2015	The free energy profiles for the chemical reaction of the guanosine triphosphate hydrolysis GTP + H2O   GDP + Pi by Ras-GAP for the wild-type and G13V mutated Ras were computed by using molecular dynamics protocols with the QM(ab initio)/MM potentials.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	RAS p21 protein activator 1	Homo sapiens	116-123
25846136-4	2015	In this study, we provide a comprehensive comparison of the dynamics of all the three RAS isoforms (HRAS, KRAS, and NRAS) using extensive molecular dynamics simulations in both the GDP- (total of 3.06 mus) and GTP-bound (total of 2.4 mus) states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	181-184	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	100-104
25846136-4	2015	In this study, we provide a comprehensive comparison of the dynamics of all the three RAS isoforms (HRAS, KRAS, and NRAS) using extensive molecular dynamics simulations in both the GDP- (total of 3.06 mus) and GTP-bound (total of 2.4 mus) states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	181-184	NRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	116-120
25825487-5	2015	From a library of 350,000 compounds, we selected a set of 418 candidate compounds predicted to disrupt the GEF-Ras interaction, of which dual wavelength GDP dissociation and GTP-loading experimental screening identified two chemically distinct small molecule inhibitors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	107-110
25951172-10	2015	GDP, an UCP2 inhibitor, increased mitochondrial membrane potential and superoxide production in controls and at 45 days of diabetes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	uncoupling protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	8-12
25777528-2	2015	In neurons, kinesin-1/KIF5C preferentially binds to the GTP-state microtubules over GDP-state microtubules to selectively enter an axon among many processes; however, because the atomic structure of nucleotide-free KIF5C is unavailable, its molecular mechanism remains unresolved.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	kinesin family member 5C	Homo sapiens	22-27
25880340-3	2015	Here we show that the PDZ protein syntenin preferentially binds to the GDP-bound form of Rheb.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding	Homo sapiens	89-93
25897360-9	2015	Glucose stimulation also converts Rab27a from its GTP- to its GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	34-40
25832174-6	2015	The crystal structures of all three homologs are highly similar to MeaB and MMAA structures and reveal a characteristic three-domain homodimer with GDP bound in the G domain active site.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	metabolism of cobalamin associated A	Homo sapiens	76-80
25897360-10	2015	GDP-bound Rab27a interacts with GDP-specific effectors and controls endocytosis of the secretory membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	10-16
25897360-2	2015	Rab27a has GTP- and GDP-bound forms, and their interconversion regulates intracellular signaling pathways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-6
25897360-10	2015	GDP-bound Rab27a interacts with GDP-specific effectors and controls endocytosis of the secretory membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	10-16
25897360-5	2015	Surprisingly, some of these proteins interacted with GDP-bound Rab27a.	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	63-69
25897360-11	2015	Thus, Rab27a cycling between GTP- and GDP-bound forms synchronizes with the recycling of secretory membrane to re-use the membrane and keep the beta-cell volume constant.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	6-12
25757367-6	2015	The estimated economic value of DALYs (in constant 2000 US$) lost to child maltreatment in the EAP region totaled US $151 billion, accounting for 1.88% of the region"s GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	168-171	glutamyl aminopeptidase	Homo sapiens	95-98
25713146-4	2015	Results from pulldown assays show that ARF6 exchanges GDP for GTP in sperm challenged with different exocytic stimuli.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	39-43
25713146-9	2015	We show that active ARF6 increases the exchange of GDP for GTP on Rab3A, a prerequisite for secretion.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	20-24
25713146-9	2015	We show that active ARF6 increases the exchange of GDP for GTP on Rab3A, a prerequisite for secretion.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	66-71
25666614-1	2015	RGS14 contains distinct binding sites for both active (GTP-bound) and inactive (GDP-bound) forms of Galpha subunits.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	regulator of G protein signaling 14	Homo sapiens	0-5
25666614-1	2015	RGS14 contains distinct binding sites for both active (GTP-bound) and inactive (GDP-bound) forms of Galpha subunits.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	100-106
25666614-5	2015	Using complementary cellular and biochemical approaches, we demonstrate that RGS14 forms a stable complex with inactive Galphai1-GDP at the plasma membrane and that free cytosolic RGS14 is recruited to the plasma membrane by activated Galphao-AlF4(-).	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	regulator of G protein signaling 14	Homo sapiens	77-82
25666614-9	2015	Finally, a preformed RGS14 Galphai1-GDP complex exhibits full capacity to stimulate the GTPase activity of Galphao-GTP, demonstrating that RGS14 can functionally engage two distinct forms of Galpha subunits simultaneously.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	regulator of G protein signaling 14	Homo sapiens	21-26
25666614-9	2015	Finally, a preformed RGS14 Galphai1-GDP complex exhibits full capacity to stimulate the GTPase activity of Galphao-GTP, demonstrating that RGS14 can functionally engage two distinct forms of Galpha subunits simultaneously.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	G protein subunit alpha o1	Homo sapiens	107-114
25666614-9	2015	Finally, a preformed RGS14 Galphai1-GDP complex exhibits full capacity to stimulate the GTPase activity of Galphao-GTP, demonstrating that RGS14 can functionally engage two distinct forms of Galpha subunits simultaneously.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	regulator of G protein signaling 14	Homo sapiens	139-144
25666614-9	2015	Finally, a preformed RGS14 Galphai1-GDP complex exhibits full capacity to stimulate the GTPase activity of Galphao-GTP, demonstrating that RGS14 can functionally engage two distinct forms of Galpha subunits simultaneously.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	27-33
25026904-6	2015	Structural modeling shows that all five altered GNAI3 residues identified to date cluster in a region involved in GDP/GTP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	G protein subunit alpha i3	Homo sapiens	48-53
25707436-8	2015	The most potent Fab fragment (2A4(GTP)) showed over 100-fold GTP-specificity over GDP, ATP, or CTP and was used to develop a heterogeneous time-resolved luminescence based assay for the monitoring of GTP concentration.	Guanosine Diphosphate	82-85	FA complementation group B	Homo sapiens	16-19
24704834-1	2015	SIPA1 (signal-induced proliferation-associated protein 1) is a GTPase activation protein that can catalyze the hydrolysis of Rap1 bound GTP to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	signal-induced proliferation-associated 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
24704834-1	2015	SIPA1 (signal-induced proliferation-associated protein 1) is a GTPase activation protein that can catalyze the hydrolysis of Rap1 bound GTP to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	signal-induced proliferation-associated 1	Homo sapiens	7-56
24704834-1	2015	SIPA1 (signal-induced proliferation-associated protein 1) is a GTPase activation protein that can catalyze the hydrolysis of Rap1 bound GTP to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	125-129
25819133-1	2015	The small GTP-binding proteins Ras and Rac1 are molecular switches exchanging GDP for GTP and converting external signals in response to a variety of stimuli.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	39-43
26664886-7	2015	YM-254890 inhibits Galphaq signaling pathways by preventing the exchange of guanosine diphosphate for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-97	G protein subunit alpha q	Rattus norvegicus	19-26
25695162-5	2015	We conclude by demonstrating that covalent modification of Cys118 on Ras leads to a novel mechanism of inhibition of the SOS-mediated interaction between Ras and Raf and is effective at inhibiting the exchange of labeled GDP in both mutant (G12C and G12V) and wild type Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	221-224	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	162-165
25387474-11	2015	The indirect and direct modulation of Glo1 may therefore offer a new therapeutic option in prevention of GDP-induced peritoneal damage in PD.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	glyoxalase 1	Mus musculus	38-42
25081641-3	2015	Since GBP1 is a large GTPase which undergoes conformational changes in a nucleotide-dependent manner, we investigated the effect of GTP/GDP binding on GBP1:PIM1 interaction by using computational and biological studies.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	guanylate binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	6-10
25561732-12	2015	We propose a model whereby eEF1A binds to Rho1p-GDP on the vacuolar membrane; it is released upon Rho1p activation and then bundles actin filaments to stabilize fused vacuoles.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	42-47
25561732-12	2015	We propose a model whereby eEF1A binds to Rho1p-GDP on the vacuolar membrane; it is released upon Rho1p activation and then bundles actin filaments to stabilize fused vacuoles.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	98-103
25081641-3	2015	Since GBP1 is a large GTPase which undergoes conformational changes in a nucleotide-dependent manner, we investigated the effect of GTP/GDP binding on GBP1:PIM1 interaction by using computational and biological studies.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	guanylate binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	151-155
25081641-3	2015	Since GBP1 is a large GTPase which undergoes conformational changes in a nucleotide-dependent manner, we investigated the effect of GTP/GDP binding on GBP1:PIM1 interaction by using computational and biological studies.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	Pim-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	156-160
25426554-1	2015	Vav family members function as remarkable scaffold proteins that exhibit both GDP/GTP exchange activity for Rho/Rac GTPases and numerous protein-protein interactions via three adaptor Src-homology domains.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
25567764-1	2015	We report in this work that the Abeta peptide directly interacts with tubulin close to the vinblastine and GTP/GDP binding site, inhibits the tubulin polymerization rate, induces tubulin aggregation, causes cell shrinking, enhances Mad2, BubR1, p53, and p21 activation in MCF7 cells and induces the apoptotic death of A549, HeLa and MCF7 cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	mitotic arrest deficient 2 like 1	Homo sapiens	232-236
25567764-1	2015	We report in this work that the Abeta peptide directly interacts with tubulin close to the vinblastine and GTP/GDP binding site, inhibits the tubulin polymerization rate, induces tubulin aggregation, causes cell shrinking, enhances Mad2, BubR1, p53, and p21 activation in MCF7 cells and induces the apoptotic death of A549, HeLa and MCF7 cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	BUB1 mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine kinase B	Homo sapiens	238-243
25567764-1	2015	We report in this work that the Abeta peptide directly interacts with tubulin close to the vinblastine and GTP/GDP binding site, inhibits the tubulin polymerization rate, induces tubulin aggregation, causes cell shrinking, enhances Mad2, BubR1, p53, and p21 activation in MCF7 cells and induces the apoptotic death of A549, HeLa and MCF7 cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	245-248
25567764-1	2015	We report in this work that the Abeta peptide directly interacts with tubulin close to the vinblastine and GTP/GDP binding site, inhibits the tubulin polymerization rate, induces tubulin aggregation, causes cell shrinking, enhances Mad2, BubR1, p53, and p21 activation in MCF7 cells and induces the apoptotic death of A549, HeLa and MCF7 cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	254-257
25480567-1	2015	Activator of G protein signaling 3 (AGS3) is a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) which stabilizes the Galpha(i/o) subunits as an AGS3/Galpha(i/o)-GDP complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	160-163	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	0-34
25480567-1	2015	Activator of G protein signaling 3 (AGS3) is a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) which stabilizes the Galpha(i/o) subunits as an AGS3/Galpha(i/o)-GDP complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	160-163	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	36-40
25480567-1	2015	Activator of G protein signaling 3 (AGS3) is a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) which stabilizes the Galpha(i/o) subunits as an AGS3/Galpha(i/o)-GDP complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	160-163	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	116-122
25480567-1	2015	Activator of G protein signaling 3 (AGS3) is a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) which stabilizes the Galpha(i/o) subunits as an AGS3/Galpha(i/o)-GDP complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	160-163	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	143-147
25480567-1	2015	Activator of G protein signaling 3 (AGS3) is a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) which stabilizes the Galpha(i/o) subunits as an AGS3/Galpha(i/o)-GDP complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	160-163	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	148-154
25480567-2	2015	It has recently been demonstrated in reconstitution experiments that the AGS3/Galpha(i/o)-GDP complex may act as a substrate of resistance to inhibitors of cholinesterase 8A (Ric-8A), a guanine exchange factor (GEF) for heterotrimeric Galpha proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	73-77
25480567-2	2015	It has recently been demonstrated in reconstitution experiments that the AGS3/Galpha(i/o)-GDP complex may act as a substrate of resistance to inhibitors of cholinesterase 8A (Ric-8A), a guanine exchange factor (GEF) for heterotrimeric Galpha proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	78-84
25480567-2	2015	It has recently been demonstrated in reconstitution experiments that the AGS3/Galpha(i/o)-GDP complex may act as a substrate of resistance to inhibitors of cholinesterase 8A (Ric-8A), a guanine exchange factor (GEF) for heterotrimeric Galpha proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	128-173
25480567-2	2015	It has recently been demonstrated in reconstitution experiments that the AGS3/Galpha(i/o)-GDP complex may act as a substrate of resistance to inhibitors of cholinesterase 8A (Ric-8A), a guanine exchange factor (GEF) for heterotrimeric Galpha proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	175-181
25480567-2	2015	It has recently been demonstrated in reconstitution experiments that the AGS3/Galpha(i/o)-GDP complex may act as a substrate of resistance to inhibitors of cholinesterase 8A (Ric-8A), a guanine exchange factor (GEF) for heterotrimeric Galpha proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	186-209
25480567-2	2015	It has recently been demonstrated in reconstitution experiments that the AGS3/Galpha(i/o)-GDP complex may act as a substrate of resistance to inhibitors of cholinesterase 8A (Ric-8A), a guanine exchange factor (GEF) for heterotrimeric Galpha proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	211-214
25480567-2	2015	It has recently been demonstrated in reconstitution experiments that the AGS3/Galpha(i/o)-GDP complex may act as a substrate of resistance to inhibitors of cholinesterase 8A (Ric-8A), a guanine exchange factor (GEF) for heterotrimeric Galpha proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	235-241
25561548-2	2015	The two steps of Rac1 activation are its translocation to the plasma membrane and the exchange of nucleotide from GDP to GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	17-21
25605908-1	2015	Heterotrimeric G proteins are activated by exchange of GDP for GTP at the G protein alpha subunit (Galpha), most notably by G protein-coupled transmembrane receptors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	99-105
25605908-7	2015	Moreover, the Ras-like domain exhibits structural plasticity within and around the nucleotide-binding cavity, and the switch I and switch II regions, which are known to adopt different conformations in the GDP- and GTP-bound states of Galpha, undergo structural rearrangements.	Guanosine Diphosphate	206-209	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	235-241
25414258-9	2015	We propose that a GPCR via its intracellular loop 2 directly interacts with the beta2/beta3 loop of Galpha to communicate to Linker 2, resulting in the opening and closing of the alpha-helical domain and the release of GDP during G-protein activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	219-222	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	100-106
25947911-0	2015	GTP- and GDP-Dependent Rab27a Effectors in Pancreatic Beta-Cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	23-29
25947911-8	2015	Interestingly, GDP-bound Rab27a controls endocytosis of the secretory membrane via its interaction with these proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	15-18	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	25-31
25947911-9	2015	We also demonstrated that the insulin secretagogue glucose converts Rab27a from its GTP- to GDP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	insulin	Homo sapiens	30-37
25947911-9	2015	We also demonstrated that the insulin secretagogue glucose converts Rab27a from its GTP- to GDP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	68-74
25947911-10	2015	Thus, GTP- and GDP-bound Rab27a regulate pre-exocytic and endocytic stages in membrane traffic, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	15-18	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	25-31
25765663-4	2015	RESULTS: Inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha and interferon-gamma) cooperate with bioincompatible PD fluids containing high glucose degradation product (GDP) concentrations to promote mesothelial cell death.	Guanosine Diphosphate	151-154	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	33-42
26179037-3	2015	The assay relies on receptor-promoted exchange of GDP for [(35)S]GTPgammaS on the Galpha subunit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	82-88
25308493-2	2015	We have demonstrated the conclusive evidence for the presence of UCP1 in thymus mitochondria and we have been able to demonstrate a GDP-sensitive UCP1-dependent proton leak in non-phosphorylating thymus mitochondria.	Guanosine Diphosphate	132-135	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	146-150
25308493-4	2015	We show how to measure GDP-sensitive UCP1-dependent oxygen consumption in non-phosphorylating thymus mitochondria and we show that increased reactive oxygen species production occurs on addition of GDP to non-phosphorylating thymus mitochondria.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	37-41
25308493-4	2015	We show how to measure GDP-sensitive UCP1-dependent oxygen consumption in non-phosphorylating thymus mitochondria and we show that increased reactive oxygen species production occurs on addition of GDP to non-phosphorylating thymus mitochondria.	Guanosine Diphosphate	198-201	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	37-41
25319541-6	2015	However, Ric-8 GEF activity could strictly be an in vitro phenomenon stemming from the ability of Ric-8 to induce partial Galpha unfolding, thereby enhancing GDP release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	158-161	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	9-14
25319541-6	2015	However, Ric-8 GEF activity could strictly be an in vitro phenomenon stemming from the ability of Ric-8 to induce partial Galpha unfolding, thereby enhancing GDP release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	158-161	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	15-18
25319541-6	2015	However, Ric-8 GEF activity could strictly be an in vitro phenomenon stemming from the ability of Ric-8 to induce partial Galpha unfolding, thereby enhancing GDP release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	158-161	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	98-103
24597981-1	2014	Rasgrf-1 is a guanine exchange factor (GEF) that catalyzes the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-8
24597981-1	2014	Rasgrf-1 is a guanine exchange factor (GEF) that catalyzes the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	14-37
24597981-1	2014	Rasgrf-1 is a guanine exchange factor (GEF) that catalyzes the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	39-42
25296758-1	2014	ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) small GTPase regulates membrane trafficking and cytoskeleton rearrangements at the plasma membrane (PM) by cycling between the GTP-bound active and GDP-bound inactive conformations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	181-184	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	0-25
25296758-1	2014	ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) small GTPase regulates membrane trafficking and cytoskeleton rearrangements at the plasma membrane (PM) by cycling between the GTP-bound active and GDP-bound inactive conformations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	181-184	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	27-31
25407413-3	2015	Here, we determined the preliminary crystal structure of the cytosolic segment of Drosophila ATL in a GDP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	atlastin	Drosophila melanogaster	93-96
25407413-5	2015	This conformation is similar to that of human ATL1, to which GDP and high concentrations of inorganic phosphate, but not GDP only, were included.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	atlastin GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	46-50
25407413-5	2015	This conformation is similar to that of human ATL1, to which GDP and high concentrations of inorganic phosphate, but not GDP only, were included.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	atlastin GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	46-50
25407413-9	2015	These results suggest that GDP-bound ATLs may adopt multiple conformations and the in vitro fusion activity of ATL cannot be achieved by a simple collection of functional domains.	Guanosine Diphosphate	27-30	atlastin	Drosophila melanogaster	37-40
25800835-4	2015	It activates Rab8 by catalyzing its GDP release for subsequent GTP loading.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	13-17
25800845-1	2015	Small GTPase Rab35 functions as a molecular switch for membrane trafficking, specifically for endocytic recycling, by cycling between a GTP-bound active form and a GDP-bound inactive form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	164-167	RAB35, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	13-18
25800846-3	2015	Activation of Rab GTPases requires guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that interact with inactive GDP-bound Rabs and catalyze the removal of GDP, allowing GTP to bind.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	RAB35, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	116-120
25800846-3	2015	Activation of Rab GTPases requires guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that interact with inactive GDP-bound Rabs and catalyze the removal of GDP, allowing GTP to bind.	Guanosine Diphosphate	149-152	RAB35, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	116-120
25800846-6	2015	Rabs are first purified from bacterial or mammalian sources and are then loaded with GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	RAB35, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-4
25800849-2	2015	Like other GTPases, Rab5 functions as a molecular switch by alternating between GTP-bound and GDP-bound forms, with the former being biologically active via interactions with multiple effector proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	94-97	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	20-24
26280620-3	2015	These compounds are non-competitive inhibitors that bind to the allosteric site of GDP-bound RAL.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	93-96
25545246-6	2014	Synphilin-1 also bound GMP, GDP, and GTP but with a lower affinity than it bound ATP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	28-31	synuclein alpha interacting protein	Homo sapiens	0-11
25428348-3	2014	Here we have determined the structure of a complex of the CTD of the archaeal stalk protein aP1 and the GDP-bound archaeal elongation factor aEF1alpha at 2.3 A resolution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	92-95
25428348-5	2014	This binding between the CTD of aP1 and the aEF1alpha GDP complex was formed mainly by hydrophobic interactions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	32-35
25428348-6	2014	The docking analysis showed that the CTD of aP1 can bind to aEF1alpha GDP located on the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	44-47
25219851-3	2014	Here we used protein structure analysis and virtual screening to identify drug-like molecules that bind to a site on the GDP-bound form of Ral.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	139-142
25232007-1	2014	Rab11a is a key modulator of vesicular trafficking processes, but there is limited information about the guanine nucleotide-exchange factors and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) that regulate its GTP-GDP cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	201-204	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Canis lupus familiaris	0-6
25326326-0	2014	Mammalian translation elongation factor eEF1A2: X-ray structure and new features of GDP/GTP exchange mechanism in higher eukaryotes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	40-46
25326326-1	2014	Eukaryotic elongation factor eEF1A transits between the GTP- and GDP-bound conformations during the ribosomal polypeptide chain elongation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	29-34
25326326-3	2014	Correct codon-anticodon recognition triggers GTP hydrolysis, with subsequent dissociation of eEF1A*GDP from the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	99-102	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	93-98
25326326-6	2014	Here, we report the first crystal structure of the mammalian eEF1A2*GDP complex which indicates major differences in the organization of the nucleotide-binding domain and intramolecular movements of eEF1A compared to EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	61-67
25326326-6	2014	Here, we report the first crystal structure of the mammalian eEF1A2*GDP complex which indicates major differences in the organization of the nucleotide-binding domain and intramolecular movements of eEF1A compared to EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	61-66
25326326-6	2014	Here, we report the first crystal structure of the mammalian eEF1A2*GDP complex which indicates major differences in the organization of the nucleotide-binding domain and intramolecular movements of eEF1A compared to EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	217-222
25326326-7	2014	Our results explain the nucleotide exchange mechanism in the mammalian eEF1A and suggest that the first step of eEF1A*GDP dissociation from the 80S ribosome is the rotation of the nucleotide-binding domain observed after GTP hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	71-76
25326326-7	2014	Our results explain the nucleotide exchange mechanism in the mammalian eEF1A and suggest that the first step of eEF1A*GDP dissociation from the 80S ribosome is the rotation of the nucleotide-binding domain observed after GTP hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	112-117
25305482-2	2014	RacGTPase-activating protein 1 (RacGAP1) plays an important role during GTP hydrolysis to GDP in Rac1 and CDC42 protein and has been demonstrated to be upregulated in several cancers, including HCC.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	Rac GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-30
25305482-2	2014	RacGTPase-activating protein 1 (RacGAP1) plays an important role during GTP hydrolysis to GDP in Rac1 and CDC42 protein and has been demonstrated to be upregulated in several cancers, including HCC.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	Rac GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	32-39
25305482-2	2014	RacGTPase-activating protein 1 (RacGAP1) plays an important role during GTP hydrolysis to GDP in Rac1 and CDC42 protein and has been demonstrated to be upregulated in several cancers, including HCC.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	97-101
25378153-5	2014	Expression of EGFP-rab11a fusion proteins in Xenopus laevis photoreceptors revealed that the nucleotide binding status of rab11a affects its subcellular localization, with GTP-locked mutants concentrated in the inner segment and GDP-locked mutants concentrated in the outer segment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	229-232	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	122-128
24939912-6	2014	Expression of a pathogenic BBS3/Arl6 mutant (T31R) that locks Arl6 in the GDP form leads to stunted cilia and inhibition of PC1 on primary cilia.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 6	Homo sapiens	27-31
25186459-3	2014	We have determined the X-ray crystal structure of the complex between RhoA-GDP and the AKAP-Lbc RhoGEF [DH (Dbl-homologous)-PH (pleckstrin homology)] domain to 2.1 A (1 A = 0.1 nm) resolution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	70-74
25186459-3	2014	We have determined the X-ray crystal structure of the complex between RhoA-GDP and the AKAP-Lbc RhoGEF [DH (Dbl-homologous)-PH (pleckstrin homology)] domain to 2.1 A (1 A = 0.1 nm) resolution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	A-kinase anchoring protein 13	Homo sapiens	87-95
25367937-1	2014	Small molecules that selectively bind RAL-GDP inhibit RAL activity and suppress tumor growth.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	38-41
25367937-1	2014	Small molecules that selectively bind RAL-GDP inhibit RAL activity and suppress tumor growth.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	54-57
25267977-6	2014	We report that the OGG1-initiated repair of oxidatively damaged DNA is a prerequisite for GDP   GTP exchange, KRAS-GTP-driven signaling via MAP kinases and PI3 kinases and mitogen-stress-related kinase-1 for NF-kappaB activation, proinflammatory chemokine/cytokine expression, and inflammatory cell recruitment to the airways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	8-oxoguanine DNA-glycosylase 1	Mus musculus	19-23
25260592-8	2014	Such 48S ICs are less stable owing to dissociation of eIF2*GDP from initiator tRNA, and eIF5B is then required to stabilize the initiator tRNA in the P site of 40S subunit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	54-58
24939912-6	2014	Expression of a pathogenic BBS3/Arl6 mutant (T31R) that locks Arl6 in the GDP form leads to stunted cilia and inhibition of PC1 on primary cilia.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 6	Homo sapiens	32-36
24939912-6	2014	Expression of a pathogenic BBS3/Arl6 mutant (T31R) that locks Arl6 in the GDP form leads to stunted cilia and inhibition of PC1 on primary cilia.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 6	Homo sapiens	62-66
24939912-6	2014	Expression of a pathogenic BBS3/Arl6 mutant (T31R) that locks Arl6 in the GDP form leads to stunted cilia and inhibition of PC1 on primary cilia.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	polycystin 1, transient receptor potential channel interacting	Homo sapiens	124-127
25128531-9	2014	Structural comparison of active-form OsRac1 with AtRop9 in its GDP-bound inactive form showed a large conformational difference in the vicinity of these residues.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	RHO-related protein from plants 9	Arabidopsis thaliana	49-55
25352853-3	2014	Like other small GTPases, Rac/Rop GTPases function as a molecular switch downstream of immune receptors by cycling between GDP-bound inactive and GTP-bound active forms in cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	opsin 1, long wave sensitive	Homo sapiens	30-33
25292213-5	2014	Blocking G protein signaling by the intracellular application of guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-beta-S or with pertussis toxin abolished the stimulatory effects of IGF-1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-86	insulin-like growth factor 1	Mus musculus	161-166
25292213-5	2014	Blocking G protein signaling by the intracellular application of guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-beta-S or with pertussis toxin abolished the stimulatory effects of IGF-1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	insulin-like growth factor 1	Mus musculus	161-166
25138214-6	2014	Expression of GDP-trapped Rab11a-S25N inhibited secretion exclusively from the VAMP8 but not the VAMP2 pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	26-32
25138214-6	2014	Expression of GDP-trapped Rab11a-S25N inhibited secretion exclusively from the VAMP8 but not the VAMP2 pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	vesicle associated membrane protein 8	Homo sapiens	79-84
25138214-6	2014	Expression of GDP-trapped Rab11a-S25N inhibited secretion exclusively from the VAMP8 but not the VAMP2 pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	vesicle associated membrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	97-102
23771857-0	2014	Backbone resonance assignments for G protein alpha(i3) subunit in the GDP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	brain protein I3	Homo sapiens	45-53
25305482-2	2014	RacGTPase-activating protein 1 (RacGAP1) plays an important role during GTP hydrolysis to GDP in Rac1 and CDC42 protein and has been demonstrated to be upregulated in several cancers, including HCC.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	106-111
23771857-5	2014	Finally, Galpha hydrolyzes the bound GTP to GDP and returns to the resting state by re-associating with Gbetagamma.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	9-15
23771857-8	2014	The chemical shifts were compared with those of Galpha(i3) in complex with a GTP-analogue, GTPgammaS, which we recently reported, indicating that the residues with significant chemical shift differences are mostly consistent with the regions with the structural differences between the GDP- and GTPgammaS-bound states, as indicated in the crystal structures.	Guanosine Diphosphate	286-289	brain protein I3	Homo sapiens	48-57
25056956-2	2014	Nox2 activation requires two switches to be turned on simultaneously: a conformational change of the cytosolic protein p47(phox) and GDP/GTP exchange on the small GTPase Rac.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	0-4
25272277-4	2014	Despite having a G protein fold, the fungal LIC has lost its ability to bind nucleotide, while the human LIC1 binds GDP preferentially over GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	dynein cytoplasmic 1 light intermediate chain 1	Homo sapiens	105-109
25056956-2	2014	Nox2 activation requires two switches to be turned on simultaneously: a conformational change of the cytosolic protein p47(phox) and GDP/GTP exchange on the small GTPase Rac.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	170-173
25056956-5	2014	Here we show that AA elicits GDP-to-GTP exchange on Rac at the cellular level, consistent with its role as a potent Nox2 activator.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	52-55
25127353-6	2014	The antagonist GDP binds inside the UCP2 cavity and perturbs its conformation, which can displace FA from the peripheral site as a mean of inhibiting proton currents.	Guanosine Diphosphate	15-18	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	36-40
25046117-7	2014	A GDP-bound Gtr1 mutant induced autophagy even under nutrient-rich conditions, and this effect was dependent on the direct binding of Gtr2 to Kog1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	2-5	Ras related GTP binding C	Homo sapiens	134-138
25272152-1	2014	HRAS regulates cell growth promoting signaling processes by cycling between active (GTP-bound) and inactive (GDP-bound) states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	0-4
25272152-6	2014	We show that an open SwitchI conformation is not necessary for GDP destabilization but is required for GDP/Mg escape from the HRAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	126-130
24909540-5	2014	Using membrane capacitance measurements we find that GTP/GDP nucleotide cycling of Rab27A is essential for generation of the functionally defined immediately releasable pool (IRP) and central to regulating the size of the readily releasable pool (RRP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	83-89
24863881-3	2014	Combined with mutagenesis studies, these works have expanded our understanding of residues that affect Rheb GTP/GDP bound ratios, effector protein interactions, and stimulation of mTORC1 signaling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding	Homo sapiens	103-107
25158853-6	2014	Surprisingly, it is the GDP-bound form of Rab8a that exhibits fusion-promoting activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	42-47
25046117-7	2014	A GDP-bound Gtr1 mutant induced autophagy even under nutrient-rich conditions, and this effect was dependent on the direct binding of Gtr2 to Kog1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	2-5	regulatory associated protein of MTOR complex 1	Homo sapiens	142-146
25036778-3	2014	Investigations into its mode of action reveal that BIM traps Galphaq in the empty pocket conformation by permitting GDP exit but interdicting GTP entry, a molecular mechanism not yet assigned to any other small molecule Galpha inhibitor to date.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	61-67
24982418-8	2014	Galphao-R243H binds nucleotides efficiently under steady-state conditions but releases GDP much faster than the WT protein, suggesting diminished affinity for the nucleotide.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	G protein subunit alpha o1	Homo sapiens	0-7
24914935-6	2014	The addition of GDP and BSA to inhibit uncoupling protein 1 decreased oxygen consumption in BAT mitochondria equally in both groups.	Guanosine Diphosphate	16-19	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	39-59
24924636-4	2014	Ypt6p and its GTP-bound form were predominantly localized to the cis- to medial-Golgi compartments whereas the GDP-bound form of Ypt6p was localized to the cytosol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	Rab family GTPase YPT6	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	129-134
24924636-7	2014	Additionally, we demonstrated that overexpression of the GDP-bound form of Ypt6p caused defective vacuole formation and recycling of Snc1p to the plasma membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	Rab family GTPase YPT6	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	75-80
24924636-7	2014	Additionally, we demonstrated that overexpression of the GDP-bound form of Ypt6p caused defective vacuole formation and recycling of Snc1p to the plasma membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	SNAP receptor SNC1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	133-138
25014207-6	2014	Subsequent liposome reconstitution experiments revealed that GDI1 efficiently extracts Rac1 from liposomes preferentially in the inactive GDP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	GDP dissociation inhibitor 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
25014207-6	2014	Subsequent liposome reconstitution experiments revealed that GDI1 efficiently extracts Rac1 from liposomes preferentially in the inactive GDP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	87-91
25002677-3	2014	Bud3 catalyzes the release of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) from Cdc42 and elevates intracellular Cdc42-guanosine triphosphate (GTP) levels in cells with inactive Cdc24, which has as of yet been the sole GDP-GTP exchange factor for Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-51	Bud3p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-4
25002677-3	2014	Bud3 catalyzes the release of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) from Cdc42 and elevates intracellular Cdc42-guanosine triphosphate (GTP) levels in cells with inactive Cdc24, which has as of yet been the sole GDP-GTP exchange factor for Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-51	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	63-68
25002677-3	2014	Bud3 catalyzes the release of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) from Cdc42 and elevates intracellular Cdc42-guanosine triphosphate (GTP) levels in cells with inactive Cdc24, which has as of yet been the sole GDP-GTP exchange factor for Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-51	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	96-101
25002677-3	2014	Bud3 catalyzes the release of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) from Cdc42 and elevates intracellular Cdc42-guanosine triphosphate (GTP) levels in cells with inactive Cdc24, which has as of yet been the sole GDP-GTP exchange factor for Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-51	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	96-101
25002677-3	2014	Bud3 catalyzes the release of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) from Cdc42 and elevates intracellular Cdc42-guanosine triphosphate (GTP) levels in cells with inactive Cdc24, which has as of yet been the sole GDP-GTP exchange factor for Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	Bud3p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-4
25002677-3	2014	Bud3 catalyzes the release of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) from Cdc42 and elevates intracellular Cdc42-guanosine triphosphate (GTP) levels in cells with inactive Cdc24, which has as of yet been the sole GDP-GTP exchange factor for Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	63-68
25002677-3	2014	Bud3 catalyzes the release of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) from Cdc42 and elevates intracellular Cdc42-guanosine triphosphate (GTP) levels in cells with inactive Cdc24, which has as of yet been the sole GDP-GTP exchange factor for Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	96-101
25002677-3	2014	Bud3 catalyzes the release of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) from Cdc42 and elevates intracellular Cdc42-guanosine triphosphate (GTP) levels in cells with inactive Cdc24, which has as of yet been the sole GDP-GTP exchange factor for Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	96-101
25202675-8	2014	RESULTS: In T1DP, the frequency of Ak 1 *2 allele was higher than in GDP and in HP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	adenylate kinase 1	Homo sapiens	35-39
25202675-9	2014	Serum glucose level was higher in T1DP than in GDP with higher values in carriers of Ak 1 *2 allele.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	adenylate kinase 1	Homo sapiens	85-89
25202675-10	2014	Neonatal hypoglycemia was more frequent in T1DP than in GDP with a positive association with Ak 1 *2 allele.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	adenylate kinase 1	Homo sapiens	93-97
25125435-15	2014	In 2011 the GDP per capita in Iceland was 15.315.000 ISK.	Guanosine Diphosphate	12-15	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E regulatory subunit 1	Homo sapiens	53-56
24785348-4	2014	Expression of a guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound Rab4a S22N mutant caused increased VEGFR2 accumulation in endosomes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	16-37	RAB4a, member RAS oncogene family	Danio rerio	50-55
25014207-8	2014	We found that dissociation of Rac1-GDP from its complex with GDI1 strongly correlated with two distinct activities of especially Dbl and Tiam1, including liposome association and the GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	30-34
25014207-8	2014	We found that dissociation of Rac1-GDP from its complex with GDI1 strongly correlated with two distinct activities of especially Dbl and Tiam1, including liposome association and the GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	GDP dissociation inhibitor 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
25014207-8	2014	We found that dissociation of Rac1-GDP from its complex with GDI1 strongly correlated with two distinct activities of especially Dbl and Tiam1, including liposome association and the GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	129-132
25014207-8	2014	We found that dissociation of Rac1-GDP from its complex with GDI1 strongly correlated with two distinct activities of especially Dbl and Tiam1, including liposome association and the GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	137-142
25014207-8	2014	We found that dissociation of Rac1-GDP from its complex with GDI1 strongly correlated with two distinct activities of especially Dbl and Tiam1, including liposome association and the GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	183-186	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	30-34
25014207-8	2014	We found that dissociation of Rac1-GDP from its complex with GDI1 strongly correlated with two distinct activities of especially Dbl and Tiam1, including liposome association and the GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	183-186	GDP dissociation inhibitor 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
25014207-8	2014	We found that dissociation of Rac1-GDP from its complex with GDI1 strongly correlated with two distinct activities of especially Dbl and Tiam1, including liposome association and the GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	183-186	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	129-132
25014207-8	2014	We found that dissociation of Rac1-GDP from its complex with GDI1 strongly correlated with two distinct activities of especially Dbl and Tiam1, including liposome association and the GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	183-186	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	137-142
25114232-3	2014	In this study, we analyzed how EFA6A is regulated by its PH and C terminus (Ct) domains by reconstituting its GDP/GTP exchange activity on membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	pleckstrin and Sec7 domain containing	Homo sapiens	31-36
24970086-3	2014	We found that knockdown of nucleoside diphosphate kinases (NDPKs) NM23-H1/H2, which produce GTP through adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-driven conversion of guanosine diphosphate (GDP), inhibited dynamin-mediated endocytosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	154-175	NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens	66-76
24970086-3	2014	We found that knockdown of nucleoside diphosphate kinases (NDPKs) NM23-H1/H2, which produce GTP through adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-driven conversion of guanosine diphosphate (GDP), inhibited dynamin-mediated endocytosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	177-180	NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens	66-76
24970086-5	2014	In vitro, NM23-H1/H2 were recruited to dynamin-induced tubules, stimulated GTP-loading on dynamin, and triggered fission in the presence of ATP and GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens	10-20
24889603-5	2014	We report a high-resolution X-ray crystal structure of G12C K-Ras bound to SML, revealing that the compound binds in a manner similar to GDP, forming a covalent linkage with Cys-12.	Guanosine Diphosphate	137-140	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	60-65
24583286-2	2014	The GTP/GDP binding status of Galpha transmits information about the ligand binding state of the GPCR to intended signal transduction pathways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	8-11	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	30-36
24583286-7	2014	In addition, other proteins such as AGS3-6 can compete with Gbetagamma for binding to GDP bound Galpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	36-42
24583286-7	2014	In addition, other proteins such as AGS3-6 can compete with Gbetagamma for binding to GDP bound Galpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	96-102
24965297-9	2014	A lower intraperitoneal GDP load is associated with decreased plasma levels of EN-RAGE and HMGB-1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	S100 calcium binding protein A12	Homo sapiens	79-86
24965297-9	2014	A lower intraperitoneal GDP load is associated with decreased plasma levels of EN-RAGE and HMGB-1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	high mobility group box 1	Homo sapiens	91-97
24853419-5	2014	Ras activity was measured using a pull-down ELISA kit and guanine exchange factor (GEF)/GTPase-activating proteins (GAP) activity was measured by [(3)H]-GDP radiometric ligand binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	83-86
24686316-3	2014	Here, we present six high-resolution crystal structures of eIF5B in its apo, GDP- and GTP-bound form that, together with an analysis of the thermodynamics of nucleotide binding, provide a detailed picture of the entire nucleotide cycle performed by eIF5B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	59-64
24639557-3	2014	Silencing of Ucp4C conferred sensitivity of respiration to oligomycin and uncoupler, and prevented larva-to-adult progression at 15 C but not 23 C. Uncoupled respiration of larval mitochondria required palmitate, was dependent on Ucp4C and was inhibited by guanosine diphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	257-278	Ucp4C	Drosophila melanogaster	13-18
24554735-4	2014	RhoGDI2 belongs to a family of Rho guanosine diphosphate dissociation inhibitors (RhoGDIs), and RhoGDI2 is a metastasis suppressor gene and a marker of aggressive human cancer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-56	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	0-7
24554735-4	2014	RhoGDI2 belongs to a family of Rho guanosine diphosphate dissociation inhibitors (RhoGDIs), and RhoGDI2 is a metastasis suppressor gene and a marker of aggressive human cancer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-56	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	82-89
24554735-4	2014	RhoGDI2 belongs to a family of Rho guanosine diphosphate dissociation inhibitors (RhoGDIs), and RhoGDI2 is a metastasis suppressor gene and a marker of aggressive human cancer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-56	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	96-103
24705271-5	2014	When PRN1 was incubated with G-protein-alpha subunit (GPA1) in the inactive conformation (GDP-bound), quercetinase activity was observed.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	pirin	Arabidopsis thaliana	5-9
24705271-5	2014	When PRN1 was incubated with G-protein-alpha subunit (GPA1) in the inactive conformation (GDP-bound), quercetinase activity was observed.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	G protein alpha subunit 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	29-52
24705271-5	2014	When PRN1 was incubated with G-protein-alpha subunit (GPA1) in the inactive conformation (GDP-bound), quercetinase activity was observed.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	G protein alpha subunit 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	54-58
24785348-4	2014	Expression of a guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound Rab4a S22N mutant caused increased VEGFR2 accumulation in endosomes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	16-37	kinase insert domain receptor like	Danio rerio	85-91
24785348-4	2014	Expression of a guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound Rab4a S22N mutant caused increased VEGFR2 accumulation in endosomes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	RAB4a, member RAS oncogene family	Danio rerio	50-55
24785348-4	2014	Expression of a guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound Rab4a S22N mutant caused increased VEGFR2 accumulation in endosomes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	kinase insert domain receptor like	Danio rerio	85-91
24514902-9	2014	Expression of the activated EGOC GTPase subunits Gtr1(GTP) and Gtr2(GDP) partially suppressed vps-c mutant rapamycin recovery defects, and this suppression was enhanced by increased amino acid concentrations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	Rag GTPase GTR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	49-58
24514902-9	2014	Expression of the activated EGOC GTPase subunits Gtr1(GTP) and Gtr2(GDP) partially suppressed vps-c mutant rapamycin recovery defects, and this suppression was enhanced by increased amino acid concentrations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	Gtr2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	63-67
24639496-10	2014	In direct binding studies, Li(+) promoted GPCR-independent dissociation of Galphai(GDP) from Gbetagamma by a Mg(2+)-independent mechanism.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	vomeronasal 1 receptor 17 pseudogene	Homo sapiens	42-46
24463014-5	2014	The assay was employed to evaluate apparent steady-state parameters for the wild type and two mutant forms of LRRK2 associated with Parkinson"s disease as well as to probe the effects of GTP, GDP, and autophosphorylation on the kinase activity of the enzyme.	Guanosine Diphosphate	192-195	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	110-115
24520163-3	2014	Analysis of DENND1-Rab35, Rabex-Rab5, TRAPP-Rab1 and DrrA-Rab1 suggests Rabs have the potential for activation by distinct GDP-release pathways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	72-76
24520163-5	2014	For DENND1-Rab35 and DrrA-Rab1 the Rab active-site glutamine, often mutated to create constitutively active forms, is involved in GEF mediated GDP-release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	RAB35, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	11-16
24520163-5	2014	For DENND1-Rab35 and DrrA-Rab1 the Rab active-site glutamine, often mutated to create constitutively active forms, is involved in GEF mediated GDP-release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	26-30
24520163-5	2014	For DENND1-Rab35 and DrrA-Rab1 the Rab active-site glutamine, often mutated to create constitutively active forms, is involved in GEF mediated GDP-release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	11-14
24520163-5	2014	For DENND1-Rab35 and DrrA-Rab1 the Rab active-site glutamine, often mutated to create constitutively active forms, is involved in GEF mediated GDP-release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	130-133
24520163-6	2014	By contrast, in Rab5 the switch II aspartate is required for Rabex mediated GDP-release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	16-20
24520163-7	2014	Furthermore, Rab1 switch II glutamine mutants refractory to activation by DrrA can be activated by TRAPP, showing that a single Rab can be activated by more than one mechanistically distinct GDP-release pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	191-194	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	13-17
24520163-7	2014	Furthermore, Rab1 switch II glutamine mutants refractory to activation by DrrA can be activated by TRAPP, showing that a single Rab can be activated by more than one mechanistically distinct GDP-release pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	191-194	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	13-16
24531484-0	2014	The multiple nucleotide-divalent cation binding modes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae CK2alpha indicate a possible co-substrate hydrolysis product (ADP/GDP) release pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	casein kinase 2 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	82-90
24531484-9	2014	This may suggest a clue to a possible ADP/GDP-release pathway, because the NE1 atom of the Trp in the `DWG motif" of CK2alpha forms a hydrogen bond to the O atom of Leu212, which seems to make ADP release by means of the `DFG-in flip to DFG-out" model found in most eukaryotic protein kinases impossible.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	casein kinase 2 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	117-125
24671767-9	2014	The total time for AA-tRNA release from EF-Tu:GDP, accommodation, and peptidyl transfer on the ribosome was similar for the tRNA(AlaB) and tRNA(PheB) bodies.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	40-45
24555545-1	2014	Member RAS oncogene family (RAB1A), a member of the RAS oncogene family, cycles between inactive GDP-bound and active GTP-bound forms regulating vesicle transport in exocytosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	28-33
24398689-11	2014	Molecular dynamics simulations suggested that the mechanism by which Tyr(34) nitration stimulates RhoA activity was through a decrease in GDP binding to the protein caused by a conformational change within a region of Switch I, mimicking the conformational shift observed when RhoA is bound to a guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	98-102
24398689-11	2014	Molecular dynamics simulations suggested that the mechanism by which Tyr(34) nitration stimulates RhoA activity was through a decrease in GDP binding to the protein caused by a conformational change within a region of Switch I, mimicking the conformational shift observed when RhoA is bound to a guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	277-281
24515348-6	2014	Although MiD51 lacks catalytic residues for transferase activity, it specifically binds guanosine diphosphate and adenosine diphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-109	mitochondrial elongation factor 1	Homo sapiens	9-14
24505392-8	2014	HSQC titration of the two hits over RhoA and LARG alone, respectively, identified one compound binding to RhoA.GDP at a 0.11 mM affinity, and perturbed the residues at the switch II region of RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	36-40
24505392-8	2014	HSQC titration of the two hits over RhoA and LARG alone, respectively, identified one compound binding to RhoA.GDP at a 0.11 mM affinity, and perturbed the residues at the switch II region of RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12	Homo sapiens	45-49
24505392-8	2014	HSQC titration of the two hits over RhoA and LARG alone, respectively, identified one compound binding to RhoA.GDP at a 0.11 mM affinity, and perturbed the residues at the switch II region of RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	106-110
24505392-8	2014	HSQC titration of the two hits over RhoA and LARG alone, respectively, identified one compound binding to RhoA.GDP at a 0.11 mM affinity, and perturbed the residues at the switch II region of RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	106-110
24246286-6	2014	Sept7, the only member of the Sept7 subgroup, forms a very tight G-interface dimer in the GDP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	septin 7	Homo sapiens	0-5
24246286-6	2014	Sept7, the only member of the Sept7 subgroup, forms a very tight G-interface dimer in the GDP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	septin 7	Homo sapiens	30-35
24246286-7	2014	Here we show that the stability of the interface is dramatically decreased by exchanging GDP with a nucleoside triphosphate, which is believed to influence filament formation and dynamics via Sept7.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	septin 7	Homo sapiens	192-197
24563355-3	2014	Like other GTPases, Ran relies on the cycling between GTP-bound and GDP-bound conformations to interact with effector proteins and regulate these processes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	20-23
24240172-6	2014	RhoA-GDP and RhoGDI were bound to N- and C-terminal domains of IKKgamma, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	5-8	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	0-4
24240172-6	2014	RhoA-GDP and RhoGDI were bound to N- and C-terminal domains of IKKgamma, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	5-8	inhibitor of kappaB kinase gamma	Mus musculus	63-71
24213530-6	2014	GBF1 recruitment requires Arf-GDP myristoylation-dependent interactions suggesting regulation of a membrane-bound factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
25332840-1	2013	The proteins that possess guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity, which include about ~800 G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs),1 15 Arf GEFs,2 81 Rho GEFs,3 8 Ras GEFs,4 and others for other families of GTPases,5 catalyze the exchange of GTP for GDP on all regulatory guanine nucleotide binding proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	257-260	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	62-65
24347642-1	2014	The Cdc42- and Rac-interactive binding motif (CRIB) of coronin binds to Rho GTPases with a preference for GDP-loaded Rac.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	4-9
24499181-5	2014	Although eIF1 and eIF1A promote scanning, eIF1 and possibly the C-terminal tail of eIF1A must be displaced from the P decoding site to permit base-pairing between Met-tRNAi and the AUG codon, as well as to allow subsequent phosphate release from eIF2-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	251-254	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1	Homo sapiens	83-88
25486352-7	2014	Our results demonstrate that the eIF2Bgamma subunit is required for eIF2B to gain access to eIF2 GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	33-43
25486352-7	2014	Our results demonstrate that the eIF2Bgamma subunit is required for eIF2B to gain access to eIF2 GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	33-38
25486352-7	2014	Our results demonstrate that the eIF2Bgamma subunit is required for eIF2B to gain access to eIF2 GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	33-37
24603188-12	2014	Regions of prestin and pendrin identified by RMS fluctuation data as exhibiting larger atomic fluctuations corresponded to nominal GDP-binding regions of the aligned Rv1739c STAS domain of M. tuberculosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	solute carrier family 26 member 5	Rattus norvegicus	11-18
24603188-12	2014	Regions of prestin and pendrin identified by RMS fluctuation data as exhibiting larger atomic fluctuations corresponded to nominal GDP-binding regions of the aligned Rv1739c STAS domain of M. tuberculosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	solute carrier family 26 member 4	Homo sapiens	23-30
24292645-2	2014	In silico analysis demonstrated energetic changes when the Galpha C-terminal helix (alpha5) interacts with the R* cytoplasmic pocket, thus leading to displacement of the helical domain and GDP release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	189-192	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	59-65
24259466-1	2014	We report the synthesis of a GDP analogue, SML-8-73-1, and a prodrug derivative, SML-10-70-1, which are selective, direct-acting covalent inhibitors of the K-Ras G12C mutant relative to wild-type Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	156-161
24470025-1	2014	Rap1 GTPases operate as molecular switches by cycling between a GDP-bound inactive state and a GTP-bound active state and regulate several cellular pathways in response to different stimuli.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-4
24598074-4	2014	The participation of Rac is expressed in the following sequence: (1) Translocation of the RacGDP-RhoGDI complex to the membrane; (2) Dissociation of RacGDP from RhoGDI; (3) GDP to GTP exchange on Rac, mediated by a guanine nucleotide exchange factor; (4) Binding of RacGTP to p67(phox); (5) Induction of a conformational change in p67(phox), promoting interaction with Nox2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	21-24
24598074-4	2014	The participation of Rac is expressed in the following sequence: (1) Translocation of the RacGDP-RhoGDI complex to the membrane; (2) Dissociation of RacGDP from RhoGDI; (3) GDP to GTP exchange on Rac, mediated by a guanine nucleotide exchange factor; (4) Binding of RacGTP to p67(phox); (5) Induction of a conformational change in p67(phox), promoting interaction with Nox2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	97-103
24598074-4	2014	The participation of Rac is expressed in the following sequence: (1) Translocation of the RacGDP-RhoGDI complex to the membrane; (2) Dissociation of RacGDP from RhoGDI; (3) GDP to GTP exchange on Rac, mediated by a guanine nucleotide exchange factor; (4) Binding of RacGTP to p67(phox); (5) Induction of a conformational change in p67(phox), promoting interaction with Nox2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	276-279
24598074-4	2014	The participation of Rac is expressed in the following sequence: (1) Translocation of the RacGDP-RhoGDI complex to the membrane; (2) Dissociation of RacGDP from RhoGDI; (3) GDP to GTP exchange on Rac, mediated by a guanine nucleotide exchange factor; (4) Binding of RacGTP to p67(phox); (5) Induction of a conformational change in p67(phox), promoting interaction with Nox2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	331-334
24598074-4	2014	The participation of Rac is expressed in the following sequence: (1) Translocation of the RacGDP-RhoGDI complex to the membrane; (2) Dissociation of RacGDP from RhoGDI; (3) GDP to GTP exchange on Rac, mediated by a guanine nucleotide exchange factor; (4) Binding of RacGTP to p67(phox); (5) Induction of a conformational change in p67(phox), promoting interaction with Nox2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	369-373
24251537-3	2013	We have solved the first X-ray crystal structure of RicA to 2.7 A resolution and have quantified the affinity of RicA binding to human Rab2 in its GDP-bound and nucleotide-free forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	147-150	RAB2A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	135-139
24352424-0	2013	eIF2B promotes eIF5 dissociation from eIF2*GDP to facilitate guanine nucleotide exchange for translation initiation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit epsilon	Homo sapiens	0-5
24290753-4	2013	The UCP1 was thermogenically functional, in that these mitochondria exhibited UCP1-dependent thermogenesis with lipid or carbohydrate substrates with canonical guanosine diphosphate (GDP) sensitivity and loss of thermogenesis in UCP1 knockout (KO) mice.	Guanosine Diphosphate	183-186	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	4-8
24100016-2	2013	In the present study, we identified IQGAP1 as a novel GDP-bound-Rab27a-interacting protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	36-42
24100016-2	2013	In the present study, we identified IQGAP1 as a novel GDP-bound-Rab27a-interacting protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	64-70
24100016-3	2013	We found that IQGAP1 interacts with GDP-bound Rab27a when it forms a complex with GTP-bound Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	14-20
24100016-3	2013	We found that IQGAP1 interacts with GDP-bound Rab27a when it forms a complex with GTP-bound Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	46-52
24100016-3	2013	We found that IQGAP1 interacts with GDP-bound Rab27a when it forms a complex with GTP-bound Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	92-97
24256730-9	2013	Binding of these inhibitors to K-Ras(G12C) disrupts both switch-I and switch-II, subverting the native nucleotide preference to favour GDP over GTP and impairing binding to Raf.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	31-36
24079513-4	2013	The unnatural amino acid appears to disrupt the interactions that balance the strength of tRNA binding to EF-Tu-GTP with the velocity of tRNA dissociation from EF-Tu-GDP on the ribosome, which ensure uniform incorporation of standard amino acids.	Guanosine Diphosphate	166-169	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	106-111
23921306-4	2013	The activation state of Rac1 depends on the release of guanosine diphosphate and the binding of guanosine triphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-76	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	24-28
24058174-1	2013	Abr deactivates Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate (Rac), a master molecular switch that positively regulates many immune cell functions, by converting it to its GDP-bound conformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	168-171	active BCR-related gene	Mus musculus	0-3
24146998-1	2013	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (RAC1) is a plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between the active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	150-153	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-42
24146998-1	2013	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (RAC1) is a plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between the active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	150-153	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	44-48
24290753-4	2013	The UCP1 was thermogenically functional, in that these mitochondria exhibited UCP1-dependent thermogenesis with lipid or carbohydrate substrates with canonical guanosine diphosphate (GDP) sensitivity and loss of thermogenesis in UCP1 knockout (KO) mice.	Guanosine Diphosphate	160-181	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	4-8
24290753-4	2013	The UCP1 was thermogenically functional, in that these mitochondria exhibited UCP1-dependent thermogenesis with lipid or carbohydrate substrates with canonical guanosine diphosphate (GDP) sensitivity and loss of thermogenesis in UCP1 knockout (KO) mice.	Guanosine Diphosphate	160-181	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	78-82
24290753-4	2013	The UCP1 was thermogenically functional, in that these mitochondria exhibited UCP1-dependent thermogenesis with lipid or carbohydrate substrates with canonical guanosine diphosphate (GDP) sensitivity and loss of thermogenesis in UCP1 knockout (KO) mice.	Guanosine Diphosphate	160-181	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	78-82
24290753-4	2013	The UCP1 was thermogenically functional, in that these mitochondria exhibited UCP1-dependent thermogenesis with lipid or carbohydrate substrates with canonical guanosine diphosphate (GDP) sensitivity and loss of thermogenesis in UCP1 knockout (KO) mice.	Guanosine Diphosphate	183-186	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	78-82
24290753-4	2013	The UCP1 was thermogenically functional, in that these mitochondria exhibited UCP1-dependent thermogenesis with lipid or carbohydrate substrates with canonical guanosine diphosphate (GDP) sensitivity and loss of thermogenesis in UCP1 knockout (KO) mice.	Guanosine Diphosphate	183-186	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	78-82
24349085-6	2013	Ca(2+)-activated wtTG2 cross-linked RAP1, GTP-GDP dissociation stimulator 1, an unusual guanine exchange factor acting on various small GTPases, to induce a yet uncharacterized signaling pathway that was able to promote the Ca(2+) release from the endoplasmic reticulum via both Ins3P and ryanodine sensitive receptors leading to a consequently enhanced mitochondrial Ca(2+)uptake.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	36-40
24286829-7	2013	Surprisingly, Cdc42-GDP is not inactive, but in the absence of Gic1 directly interacts with septin filaments resulting in their disassembly.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	14-19
24095279-4	2013	Here, we show that RagC/D is a key regulator of the interaction of mTORC1 with the Rag heterodimer and that, unexpectedly, RagC/D must be GDP bound for the interaction to occur.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	Ras related GTP binding C	Homo sapiens	19-23
24095279-4	2013	Here, we show that RagC/D is a key regulator of the interaction of mTORC1 with the Rag heterodimer and that, unexpectedly, RagC/D must be GDP bound for the interaction to occur.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1	Mus musculus	67-73
24095279-4	2013	Here, we show that RagC/D is a key regulator of the interaction of mTORC1 with the Rag heterodimer and that, unexpectedly, RagC/D must be GDP bound for the interaction to occur.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	Ras related GTP binding C	Homo sapiens	123-127
23812912-5	2013	ARFGEF2 is involved in the activation of ARFs by accelerating replacement of bound guanosine diphosphate (GDP) with Guanosine triphosphate (GTP), and is involved in Golgi transport.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-104	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-7
23812912-5	2013	ARFGEF2 is involved in the activation of ARFs by accelerating replacement of bound guanosine diphosphate (GDP) with Guanosine triphosphate (GTP), and is involved in Golgi transport.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-7
24006487-1	2013	Heterotrimeric G proteins, composed of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits, are activated by exchange of GDP for GTP on the Galpha subunit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	G protein alpha q subunit	Drosophila melanogaster	120-126
24067935-1	2013	Rho GTPase activating protein 26 (ARHGAP26) is a negative regulator of the Rho family that converts the small G proteins RhoA and Cdc42 to their inactive GDP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	154-157	Rho GTPase activating protein 26	Homo sapiens	0-32
24067935-1	2013	Rho GTPase activating protein 26 (ARHGAP26) is a negative regulator of the Rho family that converts the small G proteins RhoA and Cdc42 to their inactive GDP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	154-157	Rho GTPase activating protein 26	Homo sapiens	34-42
24067935-1	2013	Rho GTPase activating protein 26 (ARHGAP26) is a negative regulator of the Rho family that converts the small G proteins RhoA and Cdc42 to their inactive GDP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	154-157	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	121-125
24067935-1	2013	Rho GTPase activating protein 26 (ARHGAP26) is a negative regulator of the Rho family that converts the small G proteins RhoA and Cdc42 to their inactive GDP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	154-157	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	130-135
24100571-0	2013	Expression, purification and preliminary X-ray crystallographic analysis of Arf1-GDP in complex with dimeric p23 peptide.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	76-80
24100571-0	2013	Expression, purification and preliminary X-ray crystallographic analysis of Arf1-GDP in complex with dimeric p23 peptide.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	RAS related	Homo sapiens	109-112
24352424-0	2013	eIF2B promotes eIF5 dissociation from eIF2*GDP to facilitate guanine nucleotide exchange for translation initiation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	15-19
24352424-0	2013	eIF2B promotes eIF5 dissociation from eIF2*GDP to facilitate guanine nucleotide exchange for translation initiation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	0-4
24352424-2	2013	Two proteins regulate its G-protein cycle: eIF5 has both GTPase-accelerating protein (GAP) and GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) functions, and eIF2B is the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF).	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	43-47
23899355-6	2013	We observed that the stabilization of the complex was strictly dependent on GDP or GTP binding to Rbg2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	Rbg2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	98-102
23796783-4	2013	Interestingly, UT-A1 binding is preferential for the GDP-bound inactive form of Rab14.	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	RAB14, member RAS oncogene family S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	80-85
23899293-6	2013	Furthermore, nickel release from HypB to HypA is specifically accelerated when HypB is loaded with GDP, but not GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	99-102	hypA	Escherichia coli	41-45
24386514-4	2013	An agonist-activated receptor interacts with specific sites on G proteins and promotes the release of GDP from the Galpha subunit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	115-121
23494401-4	2013	Incubation of cells with the PDF Dianeal  (glucose-based, low pH, high glucose degradation products (GDP)) and Extraneal  (icodextrin-based, low pH, low GDP) caused activation of GSK-3beta compared to the other tested PDF, i.e. Balance , Physioneal  (normal pH, glucose-based, low GDP) and Nutrineal  (moderately acidic, amino acid-based).	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	179-188
23494401-4	2013	Incubation of cells with the PDF Dianeal  (glucose-based, low pH, high glucose degradation products (GDP)) and Extraneal  (icodextrin-based, low pH, low GDP) caused activation of GSK-3beta compared to the other tested PDF, i.e. Balance , Physioneal  (normal pH, glucose-based, low GDP) and Nutrineal  (moderately acidic, amino acid-based).	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	179-188
23494401-6	2013	GSK-3beta is activated by low pH GDP containing PDF with and without glucose as osmotic agent, indicating that GSK-3beta is involved in mesothelial cell signalling in response to experimental PD.	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-36	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	0-9
23494401-6	2013	GSK-3beta is activated by low pH GDP containing PDF with and without glucose as osmotic agent, indicating that GSK-3beta is involved in mesothelial cell signalling in response to experimental PD.	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-36	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	111-120
23918979-1	2013	In its resting state, Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDI) alpha forms a soluble cytoplasmic heterodimer with the GDP-bound form of Rac.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	54-60
23878195-5	2013	As for most nuclear import cargoes, the driving force behind HIV-1 preintegration complex import is likely a gradient of the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of Ran, a small GTPase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	153-156
23918382-1	2013	Brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange factors BIG1 and BIG2 activate, through their Sec7 domains, ADP ribosylation factors (Arfs) by accelerating the replacement of Arf-bound GDP with GTP for initiation of vesicular transport or activation of specific enzymes that modify important phospholipids.	Guanosine Diphosphate	187-190	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	58-62
23918382-1	2013	Brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange factors BIG1 and BIG2 activate, through their Sec7 domains, ADP ribosylation factors (Arfs) by accelerating the replacement of Arf-bound GDP with GTP for initiation of vesicular transport or activation of specific enzymes that modify important phospholipids.	Guanosine Diphosphate	187-190	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	67-71
23967341-0	2013	FERM domain containing protein 7 interacts with the Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor and specifically activates Rac1 signaling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	FERM domain containing 7	Homo sapiens	0-32
23967341-0	2013	FERM domain containing protein 7 interacts with the Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor and specifically activates Rac1 signaling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	110-114
23967341-3	2013	The Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha, RhoGDIalpha, the main regulator of Rho GTPases, can form a complex with the GDP-bound form of Rho GTPases and inhibit their activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	8-11	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) alpha	Mus musculus	42-53
23891662-3	2013	The GDP-bound, Gbetagamma-free Galphai subunit accumulates at the front of chemotaxing neutrophils to recruit mInsc-complexed with the Par3-aPKC evolutionarily conserved polarity complex-via LGN/AGS3 that simultaneously binds to Galphai-GDP and mInsc.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	INSC spindle orientation adaptor protein	Mus musculus	110-115
23891662-3	2013	The GDP-bound, Gbetagamma-free Galphai subunit accumulates at the front of chemotaxing neutrophils to recruit mInsc-complexed with the Par3-aPKC evolutionarily conserved polarity complex-via LGN/AGS3 that simultaneously binds to Galphai-GDP and mInsc.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	par-3 family cell polarity regulator	Homo sapiens	135-139
23891662-3	2013	The GDP-bound, Gbetagamma-free Galphai subunit accumulates at the front of chemotaxing neutrophils to recruit mInsc-complexed with the Par3-aPKC evolutionarily conserved polarity complex-via LGN/AGS3 that simultaneously binds to Galphai-GDP and mInsc.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	195-199
23891662-3	2013	The GDP-bound, Gbetagamma-free Galphai subunit accumulates at the front of chemotaxing neutrophils to recruit mInsc-complexed with the Par3-aPKC evolutionarily conserved polarity complex-via LGN/AGS3 that simultaneously binds to Galphai-GDP and mInsc.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	INSC spindle orientation adaptor protein	Mus musculus	245-250
23891662-3	2013	The GDP-bound, Gbetagamma-free Galphai subunit accumulates at the front of chemotaxing neutrophils to recruit mInsc-complexed with the Par3-aPKC evolutionarily conserved polarity complex-via LGN/AGS3 that simultaneously binds to Galphai-GDP and mInsc.	Guanosine Diphosphate	237-240	INSC spindle orientation adaptor protein	Mus musculus	110-115
23891662-3	2013	The GDP-bound, Gbetagamma-free Galphai subunit accumulates at the front of chemotaxing neutrophils to recruit mInsc-complexed with the Par3-aPKC evolutionarily conserved polarity complex-via LGN/AGS3 that simultaneously binds to Galphai-GDP and mInsc.	Guanosine Diphosphate	237-240	par-3 family cell polarity regulator	Homo sapiens	135-139
23936529-6	2013	Overexpression of GDP-locked Rab41, but not wild type or GTP-locked Rab41, produced a similar Golgi phenotype.	Guanosine Diphosphate	18-21	RAB41, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	29-34
23936529-11	2013	GDP-locked Rab41, as expected, displayed an entirely diffuse cytoplasmic distribution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	RAB41, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	11-16
23936529-14	2013	Additionally, after a 2-day delay, treatment with Rab41 siRNA inhibited cell growth, while overexpression of GDP-locked Rab41, but not wild type or GTP-locked Rab41, produced a rapid, progressive cell loss.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	RAB41, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	120-125
23936529-14	2013	Additionally, after a 2-day delay, treatment with Rab41 siRNA inhibited cell growth, while overexpression of GDP-locked Rab41, but not wild type or GTP-locked Rab41, produced a rapid, progressive cell loss.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	RAB41, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	120-125
23757405-4	2013	UCP1 expression in muscle mitochondria was ~13% of levels in brown adipose tissue (BAT) mitochondria and caused increased GDP-sensitive proton leak.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	0-4
23757405-9	2013	Inhibition of UCP1 with GDP in muscle mitochondria increased ROS emission ~2.8-fold relative to WT muscle mitochondria.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	14-18
23702376-7	2013	Our findings indicated that MADD functions as a GEF for Rab27 in parotid acinar cells and that its GEF activity for Rab27, i.e., GDP/GTP cycling, is required for IPR-induced amylase release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	MAP-kinase activating death domain	Rattus norvegicus	28-32
23702376-7	2013	Our findings indicated that MADD functions as a GEF for Rab27 in parotid acinar cells and that its GEF activity for Rab27, i.e., GDP/GTP cycling, is required for IPR-induced amylase release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 5	Rattus norvegicus	99-102
23702376-7	2013	Our findings indicated that MADD functions as a GEF for Rab27 in parotid acinar cells and that its GEF activity for Rab27, i.e., GDP/GTP cycling, is required for IPR-induced amylase release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	116-121
23612479-5	2013	In the present study, we report that in the presence of the 8-oxoG base, OGG1 physically interacts with guanine nucleotide-free and GDP-bound Rac1 protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	132-135	8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase	Homo sapiens	73-77
23612479-5	2013	In the present study, we report that in the presence of the 8-oxoG base, OGG1 physically interacts with guanine nucleotide-free and GDP-bound Rac1 protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	132-135	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	142-146
23504111-5	2013	Mitochondria from recurrent hypoglycemic rats presented a decrease in proton-leak in the presence of GDP, a specific UCP2 inhibitor, while an increase in proton-leak was observed in the presence of linoleic acid, a proton-leak activator, this effect being reverted by the simultaneous addition of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	uncoupling protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	117-121
23733346-3	2013	The activity of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase can be modulated by the GTP/GDP state of Rac1; however, the molecular mechanisms of Rac1 activation by flow are poorly understood.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	121-125
23878277-4	2013	Moreover, Rho1 is temporarily inactivated during cleavage-furrow ingression; this inactivation requires the protein Cyk3, which binds Rho1-guanosine diphosphate via its catalytically inactive transglutaminase-like domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-160	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	10-14
23878277-4	2013	Moreover, Rho1 is temporarily inactivated during cleavage-furrow ingression; this inactivation requires the protein Cyk3, which binds Rho1-guanosine diphosphate via its catalytically inactive transglutaminase-like domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-160	Cyk3p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	116-120
23878277-4	2013	Moreover, Rho1 is temporarily inactivated during cleavage-furrow ingression; this inactivation requires the protein Cyk3, which binds Rho1-guanosine diphosphate via its catalytically inactive transglutaminase-like domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-160	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	134-138
23612148-5	2013	Their anticancer mechanisms of action, after binding to specific receptors on cancer cells, include targeting the Rat sarcoma-bound guanosine diphosphate conversion to RAS guanosine triphosphate (95% inhibition)-mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 (98% inhibition)-extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2 (96% inhibition) cascade in cancer cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	132-153	mitogen activated protein kinase kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	212-255
23536659-3	2013	Exogenous GDP and GTP are inhibitory to L-Ran binding, but the guanine-nucleotide exchange factor RCC1 can relieve this inhibition.	Guanosine Diphosphate	10-13	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	42-45
23536659-3	2013	Exogenous GDP and GTP are inhibitory to L-Ran binding, but the guanine-nucleotide exchange factor RCC1 can relieve this inhibition.	Guanosine Diphosphate	10-13	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	98-102
23882930-17	2013	The result is well below the accepted threshold of profitability in Poland (assuming tripled GDP per capita cost-utility threshold, i.e. 99 543 PLN), which means that the therapy is cost-effective.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	phospholamban	Homo sapiens	144-147
22886485-5	2013	In this paper, we report the complete backbone and C(beta), as well as partial H(alpha), H(beta) and C(gamma), NMR assignment for human K-Ras (residues 1-166) in the GDP-bound form at a physiological pH of 7.4.	Guanosine Diphosphate	166-169	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	136-141
23894275-4	2013	Pathways such as Recycling of eIF2:GDP, biosynthesis of steroids, Terpenoid biosynthesis and Cholesterol biosynthesis were found to be significantly associated with NASH.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	30-34
23894275-7	2013	Eukaryotic protein translation and recycling of eIF2:GDP related SNP variants were associated with ballooning, steatohepatitis and cirrhosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	48-52
23454662-4	2013	This interaction requires membrane localization of both partners, and is partially dependent on GDP- and GTP-bound states of Galpha13.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	G protein subunit alpha 13	Homo sapiens	125-133
23733346-3	2013	The activity of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase can be modulated by the GTP/GDP state of Rac1; however, the molecular mechanisms of Rac1 activation by flow are poorly understood.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	164-168
23716719-3	2013	In yeast, amino acids promote binding of GTP (guanosine 5"-triphosphate) to the Rag family GTPase Gtr1, which, in combination with a GDP (guanosine diphosphate)-bound Gtr2, forms the active, TORC1-stimulating GTPase heterodimer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	Rag GTPase GTR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	98-102
23716716-4	2013	We identified a signaling cascade initiated by adenosine A2B receptors that suppressed the prenylation of Rap1B through phosphorylation of Rap1B, which decreased its interaction with the chaperone protein SmgGDS (small GTPase guanosine diphosphate dissociation stimulator).	Guanosine Diphosphate	226-247	RAP1B, member of RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	106-111
23716716-4	2013	We identified a signaling cascade initiated by adenosine A2B receptors that suppressed the prenylation of Rap1B through phosphorylation of Rap1B, which decreased its interaction with the chaperone protein SmgGDS (small GTPase guanosine diphosphate dissociation stimulator).	Guanosine Diphosphate	226-247	RAP1B, member of RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	139-144
23504261-1	2013	Activator of G protein signaling 3 (AGS3) binds Galpha(i) subunits in the GDP-bound state, implicating AGS3 as an important regulator of Galpha(i)-linked receptor (e.g., D2 dopamine and mu-opioid) signaling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	0-34
23504261-1	2013	Activator of G protein signaling 3 (AGS3) binds Galpha(i) subunits in the GDP-bound state, implicating AGS3 as an important regulator of Galpha(i)-linked receptor (e.g., D2 dopamine and mu-opioid) signaling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	36-40
23504261-1	2013	Activator of G protein signaling 3 (AGS3) binds Galpha(i) subunits in the GDP-bound state, implicating AGS3 as an important regulator of Galpha(i)-linked receptor (e.g., D2 dopamine and mu-opioid) signaling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	103-107
23458690-1	2013	Upon illumination the visual receptor rhodopsin (Rho) transitions to the activated form Rho(*), which binds the heterotrimeric G protein, transducin (Gt) causing GDP to GTP exchange and Gt dissociation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	162-165	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	38-47
23671714-9	2013	In agreement with the notion of a decrease in avUCP expression in response to heat stress, proton leak, which was likely mediated by UCP (that part which is GDP-inhibited and arachidonic acid-sensitive), was reduced in the heat-exposed group.	Guanosine Diphosphate	157-160	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	48-51
23406297-0	2013	ARHGDIA, a mutant TP53-associated Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor, is over-expressed in gene expression profiles of TP53 disrupted chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	0-7
23406297-0	2013	ARHGDIA, a mutant TP53-associated Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor, is over-expressed in gene expression profiles of TP53 disrupted chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	18-22
23406297-0	2013	ARHGDIA, a mutant TP53-associated Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor, is over-expressed in gene expression profiles of TP53 disrupted chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	115-119
23434736-4	2013	METHODS AND RESULTS: Whole exome sequencing identified five genes with diallelic mutations that were shared by the sisters, and Sanger sequencing revealed that ARHGDIA that encodes Rho GDP (guanosine diphosphate) dissociation inhibitor alpha (RhoGDIalpha, OMIM 601925) was the most likely candidate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	185-188	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) alpha	Mus musculus	160-167
23434736-4	2013	METHODS AND RESULTS: Whole exome sequencing identified five genes with diallelic mutations that were shared by the sisters, and Sanger sequencing revealed that ARHGDIA that encodes Rho GDP (guanosine diphosphate) dissociation inhibitor alpha (RhoGDIalpha, OMIM 601925) was the most likely candidate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	190-211	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) alpha	Mus musculus	160-167
23454239-8	2013	GDP-locked-Rab4 also inhibited B2R-GFP recycling to the cell surface.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	11-15
23454239-8	2013	GDP-locked-Rab4 also inhibited B2R-GFP recycling to the cell surface.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	bradykinin receptor B2	Homo sapiens	31-34
23638170-6	2013	Finally, membrane-bound Arfaptin2 is released from the liposome when ArfGAP1 catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP in Arf1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	ADP ribosylation factor interacting protein 2	Homo sapiens	24-33
23638170-6	2013	Finally, membrane-bound Arfaptin2 is released from the liposome when ArfGAP1 catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP in Arf1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	ADP ribosylation factor GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	69-76
23638170-6	2013	Finally, membrane-bound Arfaptin2 is released from the liposome when ArfGAP1 catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP in Arf1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	119-123
23626793-2	2013	Activation of these receptors results in the exchange of bound GDP for GTP in the Galpha subunit of the heterotrimeric G-protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	82-88
23626793-4	2013	The signal terminates by the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP and is temporally regulated by Regulators of G-protein Signaling (RGS) proteins that act as GTPase Activating Proteins (GAPs).	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	85-118
23626793-4	2013	The signal terminates by the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP and is temporally regulated by Regulators of G-protein Signaling (RGS) proteins that act as GTPase Activating Proteins (GAPs).	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	120-123
23493395-7	2013	Whereas activated RhoA does not modulate the intrinsic activity of the RhoGEFs, activated RhoA associated with phospholipid vesicles can facilitate increased activity of soluble RhoGEFs on vesicle-delimited substrate (RhoA-GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	223-226	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	90-94
23493395-7	2013	Whereas activated RhoA does not modulate the intrinsic activity of the RhoGEFs, activated RhoA associated with phospholipid vesicles can facilitate increased activity of soluble RhoGEFs on vesicle-delimited substrate (RhoA-GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	223-226	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	90-94
23576747-2	2013	Agonist-stimulated guanine nucleotide exchange activity of G-protein-coupled receptors results in the exchange of G-protein-bound GDP to GTP and the dissociation and activation of the complex into Galpha-GTP and a Gbetagamma dimer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-133	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	197-203
23716719-3	2013	In yeast, amino acids promote binding of GTP (guanosine 5"-triphosphate) to the Rag family GTPase Gtr1, which, in combination with a GDP (guanosine diphosphate)-bound Gtr2, forms the active, TORC1-stimulating GTPase heterodimer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	Gtr2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	167-171
23716719-3	2013	In yeast, amino acids promote binding of GTP (guanosine 5"-triphosphate) to the Rag family GTPase Gtr1, which, in combination with a GDP (guanosine diphosphate)-bound Gtr2, forms the active, TORC1-stimulating GTPase heterodimer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-159	Rag GTPase GTR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	98-102
23716719-3	2013	In yeast, amino acids promote binding of GTP (guanosine 5"-triphosphate) to the Rag family GTPase Gtr1, which, in combination with a GDP (guanosine diphosphate)-bound Gtr2, forms the active, TORC1-stimulating GTPase heterodimer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-159	Gtr2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	167-171
23716719-3	2013	In yeast, amino acids promote binding of GTP (guanosine 5"-triphosphate) to the Rag family GTPase Gtr1, which, in combination with a GDP (guanosine diphosphate)-bound Gtr2, forms the active, TORC1-stimulating GTPase heterodimer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-159	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1	Homo sapiens	191-196
23430262-2	2013	In this study we screened for the Rab17-GEF by performing yeast two-hybrid assays with a GDP-locked Rab17 mutant as bait and found that Rabex-5 and ALS2, both of which were originally described as Rab5-GEFs, interact with Rab17.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	RAB17, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	34-39
23335589-3	2013	Functional analyses of rarer HRAS mutations identified in individuals with attenuated Costello syndrome phenotypes revealed altered GDP/GTP nucleotide affinities (p.K117R) and inefficient effector binding (p.E37dup).	Guanosine Diphosphate	132-135	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	29-33
23562278-7	2013	This spatiotemporal regulation of Rab7 guanosine triphosphate/guanosine diphosphate cycling occurs by Armus recruitment to autophagosomes via interaction with LC3, a core autophagy regulator.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-83	RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	34-38
23562278-7	2013	This spatiotemporal regulation of Rab7 guanosine triphosphate/guanosine diphosphate cycling occurs by Armus recruitment to autophagosomes via interaction with LC3, a core autophagy regulator.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-83	TBC1 domain family member 2	Homo sapiens	102-107
23562278-7	2013	This spatiotemporal regulation of Rab7 guanosine triphosphate/guanosine diphosphate cycling occurs by Armus recruitment to autophagosomes via interaction with LC3, a core autophagy regulator.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-83	microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	159-162
23430262-2	2013	In this study we screened for the Rab17-GEF by performing yeast two-hybrid assays with a GDP-locked Rab17 mutant as bait and found that Rabex-5 and ALS2, both of which were originally described as Rab5-GEFs, interact with Rab17.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	40-43
23430262-2	2013	In this study we screened for the Rab17-GEF by performing yeast two-hybrid assays with a GDP-locked Rab17 mutant as bait and found that Rabex-5 and ALS2, both of which were originally described as Rab5-GEFs, interact with Rab17.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	RAB17, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	100-105
23430262-2	2013	In this study we screened for the Rab17-GEF by performing yeast two-hybrid assays with a GDP-locked Rab17 mutant as bait and found that Rabex-5 and ALS2, both of which were originally described as Rab5-GEFs, interact with Rab17.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	RAB guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 1	Mus musculus	136-143
23430262-2	2013	In this study we screened for the Rab17-GEF by performing yeast two-hybrid assays with a GDP-locked Rab17 mutant as bait and found that Rabex-5 and ALS2, both of which were originally described as Rab5-GEFs, interact with Rab17.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	alsin Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Mus musculus	148-152
23430262-2	2013	In this study we screened for the Rab17-GEF by performing yeast two-hybrid assays with a GDP-locked Rab17 mutant as bait and found that Rabex-5 and ALS2, both of which were originally described as Rab5-GEFs, interact with Rab17.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	RAB17, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	100-105
24432128-3	2013	Glucose-O-omega-saturated fatty acids of various chain lengths were synthesized and tested for their potential to activate GDP-inhibited uncoupling protein 1-dependent oxygen consumption in brown adipose tissue mitochondria, and the results were compared with equivalent non-modified fatty acid controls.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	137-157
24432128-4	2013	Here we demonstrate that laurate (12C), palmitate (16C) and stearate (18C) could activate GDP-inhibited uncoupling protein 1-dependent oxygen consumption in brown adipose tissue mitochondria, whereas there was no activation with glucose-O-omega-laurate (12C), glucose-O-omega-palmitate (16C), glucose-O-omega-stearate (18C), glucose-O-omega-arachidate (20C) or arachidate alone.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	104-124
23344955-5	2013	Accumulation of membrane-bound alpha-synuclein was induced by the expression of a GTPase-deficient Rab3a mutant, by a dominant-negative GDP dissociation inhibitor mutant unable to recycle Rab3a off membranes, and by Hsp90 inhibitors, radicicol and geldanamycin, which are known to inhibit Rab3a dissociation from membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	31-46
23344955-7	2013	Our results suggest that membrane-bound GTP-Rab3a stabilizes alpha-synuclein on synaptic vesicles and that the GDP dissociation inhibitor Hsp90 complex that controls Rab3a membrane dissociation also regulates alpha-synuclein dissociation during synaptic activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	209-224
23339194-3	2013	Using transfected HEK 293 cells and retinal tissue, we showed that Kir2.4 interacts with Galphao, and this interaction is stronger with the GDP-bound form of Galphao.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 14	Homo sapiens	67-73
23334348-3	2013	The Rabs belong to small G proteins super family involved in the regulation and vesicle transport in between the organelles by shuttling between the active GTP and inactive GDP bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	173-176	RAB6A, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	4-8
23382236-6	2013	P29S, N92I, and C157Y mutants of RAC1 were shown to exist preferentially in the GTP-bound state as a result of a rapid transition from the GDP-bound state, rather than as a result of a reduced intrinsic GTPase activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-142	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
23519409-3	2013	The existence of several GDP-bound intermediates containing the Arabidopsis thaliana Rab5 homologue ARA7 and the GEF VPS9a prior to the formation of a nucleotide-free binary complex has been proposed [Uejima et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	25-28	Ras-related small GTP-binding family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	100-104
23519409-7	2013	During this process, VPS9a directly interacts with the beta-phosphate of GDP and the P-loop lysine of ARA7 via a catalytically important aspartate finger, which promotes the release of GDP from ARA7.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	Ras-related small GTP-binding family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	194-198
23519409-7	2013	During this process, VPS9a directly interacts with the beta-phosphate of GDP and the P-loop lysine of ARA7 via a catalytically important aspartate finger, which promotes the release of GDP from ARA7.	Guanosine Diphosphate	185-188	Ras-related small GTP-binding family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	102-106
23519409-7	2013	During this process, VPS9a directly interacts with the beta-phosphate of GDP and the P-loop lysine of ARA7 via a catalytically important aspartate finger, which promotes the release of GDP from ARA7.	Guanosine Diphosphate	185-188	Ras-related small GTP-binding family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	194-198
23519409-12	2013	This structure may represent the earliest intermediate step in the GEF-catalyzed nucleotide-exchange reaction of ARA7 before the metal-free GDP-bound intermediates are created.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	Ras-related small GTP-binding family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	113-117
23160023-1	2013	BACKGROUND: The small GTPase Ran, Ras-related nuclear protein, plays important roles in multiple fundamental cellular functions such as nucleocytoplasmic transport, mitotic spindle assembly, and nuclear envelope formation, by binding to either GTP or GDP as a molecular switch.	Guanosine Diphosphate	251-254	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	29-32
23200849-6	2013	In rat C6 glioma cells that express endogenous Galpha(h)/TG2, cAMP accumulation induced by isoproterenol or forskolin was significantly inhibited by overexpression of Galpha(h)/TG2-C277V, a dominant-negative mutant that lacks transglutaminase activity, but was not inhibited by the Galpha(h)/TG2-S171E mutant that cannot bind GTP/GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	330-333	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	47-53
23200849-6	2013	In rat C6 glioma cells that express endogenous Galpha(h)/TG2, cAMP accumulation induced by isoproterenol or forskolin was significantly inhibited by overexpression of Galpha(h)/TG2-C277V, a dominant-negative mutant that lacks transglutaminase activity, but was not inhibited by the Galpha(h)/TG2-S171E mutant that cannot bind GTP/GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	330-333	transglutaminase 2	Homo sapiens	57-60
23200849-6	2013	In rat C6 glioma cells that express endogenous Galpha(h)/TG2, cAMP accumulation induced by isoproterenol or forskolin was significantly inhibited by overexpression of Galpha(h)/TG2-C277V, a dominant-negative mutant that lacks transglutaminase activity, but was not inhibited by the Galpha(h)/TG2-S171E mutant that cannot bind GTP/GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	330-333	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	167-173
23200849-6	2013	In rat C6 glioma cells that express endogenous Galpha(h)/TG2, cAMP accumulation induced by isoproterenol or forskolin was significantly inhibited by overexpression of Galpha(h)/TG2-C277V, a dominant-negative mutant that lacks transglutaminase activity, but was not inhibited by the Galpha(h)/TG2-S171E mutant that cannot bind GTP/GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	330-333	transglutaminase 2	Homo sapiens	177-180
23200849-6	2013	In rat C6 glioma cells that express endogenous Galpha(h)/TG2, cAMP accumulation induced by isoproterenol or forskolin was significantly inhibited by overexpression of Galpha(h)/TG2-C277V, a dominant-negative mutant that lacks transglutaminase activity, but was not inhibited by the Galpha(h)/TG2-S171E mutant that cannot bind GTP/GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	330-333	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	167-173
23200849-6	2013	In rat C6 glioma cells that express endogenous Galpha(h)/TG2, cAMP accumulation induced by isoproterenol or forskolin was significantly inhibited by overexpression of Galpha(h)/TG2-C277V, a dominant-negative mutant that lacks transglutaminase activity, but was not inhibited by the Galpha(h)/TG2-S171E mutant that cannot bind GTP/GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	330-333	transglutaminase 2	Homo sapiens	177-180
23322732-2	2013	Rac1 and RhoA act as molecular switches that cycle between GTP- and GDP-bound states to balance the activities of rac1 and RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
23322732-2	2013	Rac1 and RhoA act as molecular switches that cycle between GTP- and GDP-bound states to balance the activities of rac1 and RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	9-13
23322732-2	2013	Rac1 and RhoA act as molecular switches that cycle between GTP- and GDP-bound states to balance the activities of rac1 and RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	114-118
23322732-2	2013	Rac1 and RhoA act as molecular switches that cycle between GTP- and GDP-bound states to balance the activities of rac1 and RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	123-127
23288846-3	2013	We found that part of the N-terminal cytosolic tail of the V-ATPase a2-subunit (a2N), corresponding to its first 17 amino acids (a2N(1-17)), potently modulates the enzymatic GDP/GTP exchange activity of cytohesin-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	174-177	cytohesin 2	Homo sapiens	203-214
23339194-3	2013	Using transfected HEK 293 cells and retinal tissue, we showed that Kir2.4 interacts with Galphao, and this interaction is stronger with the GDP-bound form of Galphao.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	G protein subunit alpha o1	Homo sapiens	89-96
23339194-3	2013	Using transfected HEK 293 cells and retinal tissue, we showed that Kir2.4 interacts with Galphao, and this interaction is stronger with the GDP-bound form of Galphao.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	G protein subunit alpha o1	Homo sapiens	158-165
23422181-1	2013	BACKGROUND: T-lymphoma and metastasis gene 1 (Tiam1) produces a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GNEF) that regulates guanosine triphosphatase, which transforms guanosine diphosphate to guanosine triphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	164-185	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	46-51
23255605-1	2013	The GDP/GTP nucleotide exchange of Arf1 is catalyzed by nucleotide exchange factors (GEF), such as Arno, which act through their catalytic Sec7 domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	35-39
23255605-1	2013	The GDP/GTP nucleotide exchange of Arf1 is catalyzed by nucleotide exchange factors (GEF), such as Arno, which act through their catalytic Sec7 domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	cytohesin 2	Homo sapiens	99-103
23255605-1	2013	The GDP/GTP nucleotide exchange of Arf1 is catalyzed by nucleotide exchange factors (GEF), such as Arno, which act through their catalytic Sec7 domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	139-143
23255605-4	2013	We first confirmed that both GDP and GTP counteract equivalently to the free-nucleotide binary Arf1-Arno complex stability and revealed that Mg(2+) potentiates by a factor of 2 the allosteric effect of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	202-205	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	95-99
23255605-4	2013	We first confirmed that both GDP and GTP counteract equivalently to the free-nucleotide binary Arf1-Arno complex stability and revealed that Mg(2+) potentiates by a factor of 2 the allosteric effect of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	202-205	cytohesin 2	Homo sapiens	100-104
23255605-8	2013	Thus, we showed that in the presence of GDP, the BFA-resistant Sec7 domain of Arno can also associate to form a pentameric complex, which suggests that the uncompetitive inhibition by BFA and the nucleotide allosteric effect combine to stabilize such abortive complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	63-67
23255605-8	2013	Thus, we showed that in the presence of GDP, the BFA-resistant Sec7 domain of Arno can also associate to form a pentameric complex, which suggests that the uncompetitive inhibition by BFA and the nucleotide allosteric effect combine to stabilize such abortive complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	cytohesin 2	Homo sapiens	78-82
23334294-3	2013	Here, we present the crystal structures of atlastin-1 bound to GDP AlF(4)(-) and GppNHp, uncovering an intramolecular arginine finger that stimulates GTP hydrolysis when correctly oriented through rearrangements within the G domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	atlastin GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	43-53
23382462-5	2013	Here, we demonstrate that Rab-activating guanosine diphosphate/guanosine triphosphate exchange factors (GEFs) display the minimal targeting machinery for recruiting Rabs from the cytosol to the correct membrane using the Rab-GEF pairs Rab5A-Rabex-5, Rab1A-DrrA, and Rab8-Rabin8 as model systems.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-62	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	26-29
23382462-5	2013	Here, we demonstrate that Rab-activating guanosine diphosphate/guanosine triphosphate exchange factors (GEFs) display the minimal targeting machinery for recruiting Rabs from the cytosol to the correct membrane using the Rab-GEF pairs Rab5A-Rabex-5, Rab1A-DrrA, and Rab8-Rabin8 as model systems.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-62	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	235-240
23382462-5	2013	Here, we demonstrate that Rab-activating guanosine diphosphate/guanosine triphosphate exchange factors (GEFs) display the minimal targeting machinery for recruiting Rabs from the cytosol to the correct membrane using the Rab-GEF pairs Rab5A-Rabex-5, Rab1A-DrrA, and Rab8-Rabin8 as model systems.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-62	RAB guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	241-248
23382462-5	2013	Here, we demonstrate that Rab-activating guanosine diphosphate/guanosine triphosphate exchange factors (GEFs) display the minimal targeting machinery for recruiting Rabs from the cytosol to the correct membrane using the Rab-GEF pairs Rab5A-Rabex-5, Rab1A-DrrA, and Rab8-Rabin8 as model systems.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-62	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	250-255
23382462-5	2013	Here, we demonstrate that Rab-activating guanosine diphosphate/guanosine triphosphate exchange factors (GEFs) display the minimal targeting machinery for recruiting Rabs from the cytosol to the correct membrane using the Rab-GEF pairs Rab5A-Rabex-5, Rab1A-DrrA, and Rab8-Rabin8 as model systems.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-62	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	266-270
23382462-5	2013	Here, we demonstrate that Rab-activating guanosine diphosphate/guanosine triphosphate exchange factors (GEFs) display the minimal targeting machinery for recruiting Rabs from the cytosol to the correct membrane using the Rab-GEF pairs Rab5A-Rabex-5, Rab1A-DrrA, and Rab8-Rabin8 as model systems.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-62	RAB3A interacting protein	Homo sapiens	271-277
23422181-1	2013	BACKGROUND: T-lymphoma and metastasis gene 1 (Tiam1) produces a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GNEF) that regulates guanosine triphosphatase, which transforms guanosine diphosphate to guanosine triphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	164-185	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	64-98
23422181-1	2013	BACKGROUND: T-lymphoma and metastasis gene 1 (Tiam1) produces a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GNEF) that regulates guanosine triphosphatase, which transforms guanosine diphosphate to guanosine triphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	164-185	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	100-104
23250758-5	2013	Using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) in live cells, we show that RGS14-Luciferase and active H-Ras(G/V)-Venus exhibit a robust BRET signal at the plasma membrane that is markedly enhanced in the presence of inactive Galpha(i1)-GDP but not active Galpha(i1)-GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	245-248	regulator of G-protein signaling 14	Rattus norvegicus	83-88
23053084-2	2013	In this study, construction of an efficient NADPH-regenerating system was attempted using direct phosphorylation of NADH by NADH kinase (Pos5p) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae for producing guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-L-fucose and epsilon-caprolactone in recombinant Escherichia coli.	Guanosine Diphosphate	188-209	NADH kinase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	137-142
22944911-3	2013	The activities of Rho GTPases are controlled by Rho-GDP dissociation inhibitors (Rho-GDIs).	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor gamma	Homo sapiens	81-89
23293029-5	2013	The data further indicate that eIF1 dissociation must be accompanied by the movement of the eIF1A CTT toward eIF5 in order to trigger release of phosphate from eIF2, which converts the latter to its GDP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	199-202	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1	Homo sapiens	31-35
23293029-5	2013	The data further indicate that eIF1 dissociation must be accompanied by the movement of the eIF1A CTT toward eIF5 in order to trigger release of phosphate from eIF2, which converts the latter to its GDP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	199-202	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1	Homo sapiens	92-97
23293029-5	2013	The data further indicate that eIF1 dissociation must be accompanied by the movement of the eIF1A CTT toward eIF5 in order to trigger release of phosphate from eIF2, which converts the latter to its GDP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	199-202	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	109-113
23293029-5	2013	The data further indicate that eIF1 dissociation must be accompanied by the movement of the eIF1A CTT toward eIF5 in order to trigger release of phosphate from eIF2, which converts the latter to its GDP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	199-202	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	160-164
23295182-4	2013	Here we test the hypothesis that ARAP2 promotes the growth of FAs by converting Arf6 GTP to Arf6 GDP thereby preventing the activation of the Rho family GTP-binding protein Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	ArfGAP with RhoGAP domain, ankyrin repeat and PH domain 2	Homo sapiens	33-38
23295182-4	2013	Here we test the hypothesis that ARAP2 promotes the growth of FAs by converting Arf6 GTP to Arf6 GDP thereby preventing the activation of the Rho family GTP-binding protein Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	92-96
23250758-5	2013	Using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) in live cells, we show that RGS14-Luciferase and active H-Ras(G/V)-Venus exhibit a robust BRET signal at the plasma membrane that is markedly enhanced in the presence of inactive Galpha(i1)-GDP but not active Galpha(i1)-GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	245-248	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	111-116
23250758-5	2013	Using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) in live cells, we show that RGS14-Luciferase and active H-Ras(G/V)-Venus exhibit a robust BRET signal at the plasma membrane that is markedly enhanced in the presence of inactive Galpha(i1)-GDP but not active Galpha(i1)-GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	245-248	protein phosphatase 1, regulatory (inhibitor) subunit 1A	Rattus norvegicus	234-243
23250758-8	2013	Together, these findings indicate that inactive Galpha(i1)-GDP enhances the affinity of RGS14 for H-Ras-GTP in live cells, resulting in a ternary signaling complex that is further regulated by GPCRs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	protein phosphatase 1, regulatory (inhibitor) subunit 1A	Rattus norvegicus	48-57
23250758-8	2013	Together, these findings indicate that inactive Galpha(i1)-GDP enhances the affinity of RGS14 for H-Ras-GTP in live cells, resulting in a ternary signaling complex that is further regulated by GPCRs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	regulator of G-protein signaling 14	Rattus norvegicus	88-93
23250758-8	2013	Together, these findings indicate that inactive Galpha(i1)-GDP enhances the affinity of RGS14 for H-Ras-GTP in live cells, resulting in a ternary signaling complex that is further regulated by GPCRs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	98-103
23266962-2	2013	In its GDP-bound form, Arf1 is recruited from the cytosol to organelle membranes, where it functions in vesicle-mediated protein trafficking.	Guanosine Diphosphate	7-10	ADP-ribosylation factor 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	23-27
23263280-7	2013	Both the formation and function of this Rab10/PIS/CEPT1 dynamic domain are inhibited by expression of a GDP-locked Rab10 mutant.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	RAB10, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	40-45
23263280-7	2013	Both the formation and function of this Rab10/PIS/CEPT1 dynamic domain are inhibited by expression of a GDP-locked Rab10 mutant.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	CDP-diacylglycerol--inositol 3-phosphatidyltransferase	Homo sapiens	46-49
23263280-7	2013	Both the formation and function of this Rab10/PIS/CEPT1 dynamic domain are inhibited by expression of a GDP-locked Rab10 mutant.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	choline/ethanolamine phosphotransferase 1	Homo sapiens	50-55
23263280-7	2013	Both the formation and function of this Rab10/PIS/CEPT1 dynamic domain are inhibited by expression of a GDP-locked Rab10 mutant.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	RAB10, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	115-120
21984379-5	2013	Molecular modelling indicates that TG6 could have Ca(2+) and GDP-binding sites related to those of TG3 and TG2, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	transglutaminase 2, C polypeptide	Mus musculus	107-110
21984379-5	2013	Molecular modelling indicates that TG6 could have Ca(2+) and GDP-binding sites related to those of TG3 and TG2, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	transglutaminase 6	Homo sapiens	35-38
22960035-1	2013	We report the novel finding that Phospholipase D2 (PLD2), through its PX and PH domains, binds specifically to Ras and catalyzes the GDP/GTP exchange (i.e., is a GEF), with potency comparable to Ras-GRF-1, a known Ras-GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	phospholipase D2	Homo sapiens	33-49
22960035-1	2013	We report the novel finding that Phospholipase D2 (PLD2), through its PX and PH domains, binds specifically to Ras and catalyzes the GDP/GTP exchange (i.e., is a GEF), with potency comparable to Ras-GRF-1, a known Ras-GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	phospholipase D2	Homo sapiens	51-55
22960035-1	2013	We report the novel finding that Phospholipase D2 (PLD2), through its PX and PH domains, binds specifically to Ras and catalyzes the GDP/GTP exchange (i.e., is a GEF), with potency comparable to Ras-GRF-1, a known Ras-GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	162-165
22960035-1	2013	We report the novel finding that Phospholipase D2 (PLD2), through its PX and PH domains, binds specifically to Ras and catalyzes the GDP/GTP exchange (i.e., is a GEF), with potency comparable to Ras-GRF-1, a known Ras-GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	195-204
22960035-1	2013	We report the novel finding that Phospholipase D2 (PLD2), through its PX and PH domains, binds specifically to Ras and catalyzes the GDP/GTP exchange (i.e., is a GEF), with potency comparable to Ras-GRF-1, a known Ras-GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	218-221
23283986-6	2013	beta8 integrin coimmunoprecipitates with Rho-GDP dissociation inhibitor 1 (RhoGDI1), an intracellular signaling effector that sequesters Rho GTPases in their inactive GDP-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	75-82
23772379-1	2013	Rab GTPases regulate vesicular traffic in eukaryotic cells by cycling between the active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	RAB10, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
23284172-3	2013	In this study, we demonstrate that unlike oncogenic Ras proteins, which are primarily activated by mutations that eliminate GTPase activity, the activated melanoma RAC1(P29S) protein maintains intrinsic GTP hydrolysis and is spontaneously activated by substantially increased inherent GDP/GTP nucleotide exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	285-288	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	164-168
23188820-5	2013	MTMR6 preferentially interacted with GDP-bound Rab1B via the GRAM domain and partly overlapped with Rab1B in the pericentrosomal and peri-Golgi regions in normal rat kidney cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	myotubularin related protein 6	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
23188820-5	2013	MTMR6 preferentially interacted with GDP-bound Rab1B via the GRAM domain and partly overlapped with Rab1B in the pericentrosomal and peri-Golgi regions in normal rat kidney cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	RAB1B, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	47-52
23188820-6	2013	Overexpression of GDP-bound Rab1B and the reduction of Rab1B disrupted the localization of MTMR6, suggesting that Rab1B regulates the localization of MTMR6.	Guanosine Diphosphate	18-21	RAB1B, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	28-33
23188820-6	2013	Overexpression of GDP-bound Rab1B and the reduction of Rab1B disrupted the localization of MTMR6, suggesting that Rab1B regulates the localization of MTMR6.	Guanosine Diphosphate	18-21	myotubularin related protein 6	Rattus norvegicus	91-96
23188820-6	2013	Overexpression of GDP-bound Rab1B and the reduction of Rab1B disrupted the localization of MTMR6, suggesting that Rab1B regulates the localization of MTMR6.	Guanosine Diphosphate	18-21	myotubularin related protein 6	Rattus norvegicus	150-155
23266962-4	2013	Here, we provide evidence that two Glo3p-type Arf GTPase-activating proteins (ArfGAPs), ArfGAP domain8 (AGD8) and AGD9, are involved in the recruitment of Arf1-GDP to the Golgi apparatus in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).	Guanosine Diphosphate	160-163	ARF-GAP domain 8	Arabidopsis thaliana	88-102
23266962-4	2013	Here, we provide evidence that two Glo3p-type Arf GTPase-activating proteins (ArfGAPs), ArfGAP domain8 (AGD8) and AGD9, are involved in the recruitment of Arf1-GDP to the Golgi apparatus in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).	Guanosine Diphosphate	160-163	ARF-GAP domain 8	Arabidopsis thaliana	104-108
23266962-4	2013	Here, we provide evidence that two Glo3p-type Arf GTPase-activating proteins (ArfGAPs), ArfGAP domain8 (AGD8) and AGD9, are involved in the recruitment of Arf1-GDP to the Golgi apparatus in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).	Guanosine Diphosphate	160-163	ARF-GAP domain 9	Arabidopsis thaliana	114-118
23266962-4	2013	Here, we provide evidence that two Glo3p-type Arf GTPase-activating proteins (ArfGAPs), ArfGAP domain8 (AGD8) and AGD9, are involved in the recruitment of Arf1-GDP to the Golgi apparatus in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).	Guanosine Diphosphate	160-163	ADP-ribosylation factor 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	155-159
23266962-8	2013	Based on these results, we propose that the Glo3p-type ArfGAPs AGD8 and AGD9 recruit Arf1-GDP from the cytosol to the Golgi for Arf1-mediated protein trafficking, which is essential for plant development and growth.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	ARF-GAP domain 8	Arabidopsis thaliana	63-67
23266962-8	2013	Based on these results, we propose that the Glo3p-type ArfGAPs AGD8 and AGD9 recruit Arf1-GDP from the cytosol to the Golgi for Arf1-mediated protein trafficking, which is essential for plant development and growth.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	ARF-GAP domain 9	Arabidopsis thaliana	72-76
23266962-8	2013	Based on these results, we propose that the Glo3p-type ArfGAPs AGD8 and AGD9 recruit Arf1-GDP from the cytosol to the Golgi for Arf1-mediated protein trafficking, which is essential for plant development and growth.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	ADP-ribosylation factor 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	85-89
23266962-8	2013	Based on these results, we propose that the Glo3p-type ArfGAPs AGD8 and AGD9 recruit Arf1-GDP from the cytosol to the Golgi for Arf1-mediated protein trafficking, which is essential for plant development and growth.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	ADP-ribosylation factor 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	128-132
23036787-3	2013	This was achieved by inhibiting proton leak through uncoupling protein 1 using the purine nucleotide GDP and through ablation of uncoupling protein 1, measuring the amplex red sensitive reactive oxygen species production by mitochondria.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	52-72
23913032-7	2013	The interaction of PLDalpha1 and Galpha can be affected by factors like GTP or GDP, but it also affected PLD phospholipase activity and Galpha GTPase activity in turn.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	phospholipase D alpha 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	19-39
23155002-4	2013	Such stimulatory effect was inhibited, however, by both dominant-negative mutants of Mek2 (Mek2-K101A) and K-Ras (K-Ras-S17N) and also by the small G-protein GDP dissociation stimulator (SmgGDS).	Guanosine Diphosphate	158-161	mitogen activated protein kinase kinase 2	Rattus norvegicus	85-89
23405219-7	2013	Our data further show that CYLD-mediated deubiquitination of LARG enhances its ability to stimulate the GDP/GTP exchange on RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	CYLD lysine 63 deubiquitinase	Homo sapiens	27-31
23405219-7	2013	Our data further show that CYLD-mediated deubiquitination of LARG enhances its ability to stimulate the GDP/GTP exchange on RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12	Homo sapiens	61-65
23405219-7	2013	Our data further show that CYLD-mediated deubiquitination of LARG enhances its ability to stimulate the GDP/GTP exchange on RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	124-128
23913032-7	2013	The interaction of PLDalpha1 and Galpha can be affected by factors like GTP or GDP, but it also affected PLD phospholipase activity and Galpha GTPase activity in turn.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	phospholipase D alpha 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	19-22
23415100-3	2013	Regulator of G protein signaling proteins and G protein signaling modifier proteins respectively promote GTPase activity and hinder GTP/GDP exchange to limit Galpha activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	158-164
25509129-5	2013	Incubation of oocytes in the medium with the subsequent addition of ADP and GDP have an inhibitory effect on the release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores, stimulated joint action of growth hormone and theophylline.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	carbonic anhydrase 2	Homo sapiens	124-127
25509129-5	2013	Incubation of oocytes in the medium with the subsequent addition of ADP and GDP have an inhibitory effect on the release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores, stimulated joint action of growth hormone and theophylline.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	183-197
23181905-0	2012	Detailed structure of the H2PO4(-)-guanosine diphosphate intermediate in Ras-GAP decoded from FTIR experiments by biomolecular simulations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-56	RAS p21 protein activator 1	Homo sapiens	73-80
23091056-5	2012	Human Ric1 and Rgp1 both bind Rab6A with preference for the GDP-bound conformation, characteristic of a GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	RIC1 homolog, RAB6A GEF complex partner 1	Homo sapiens	6-10
23091056-5	2012	Human Ric1 and Rgp1 both bind Rab6A with preference for the GDP-bound conformation, characteristic of a GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	RGP1 homolog, RAB6A GEF complex partner 1	Homo sapiens	15-19
23091056-5	2012	Human Ric1 and Rgp1 both bind Rab6A with preference for the GDP-bound conformation, characteristic of a GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	RAB6A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	30-35
23091056-5	2012	Human Ric1 and Rgp1 both bind Rab6A with preference for the GDP-bound conformation, characteristic of a GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	104-107
23007279-8	2012	This difference             depends on the GDP/GTP-binding form, and inhibition of the Rab23 cycle decreases             the expression and nuclear localization of Gli1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	RAB23, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	87-92
23935497-7	2013	Active (GTP-bound) forms of Rab18 bind more strongly to NS5A than a constitutively GDP-bound mutant.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	RAB18, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	28-33
23001747-2	2012	So far, 4 structures of RhoA:GDP/GTP analogs and 14 structures of RhoA in complex with other proteins have been reported.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	24-28
23001747-3	2012	All RhoA:GDP/GTP analog complexes have been crystallized in primitive lattices and RhoA is monomeric.	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	4-8
23001747-3	2012	All RhoA:GDP/GTP analog complexes have been crystallized in primitive lattices and RhoA is monomeric.	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	83-87
23048039-3	2012	CONCLUSION: GDP/GTP exchange in the GEF domain controls the MIU domain interactions with the ubiquitinated cargos.	Guanosine Diphosphate	12-15	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	36-39
23007279-8	2012	This difference             depends on the GDP/GTP-binding form, and inhibition of the Rab23 cycle decreases             the expression and nuclear localization of Gli1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	GLI family zinc finger 1	Homo sapiens	164-168
22843681-2	2012	GPSM3 acts through its two GoLoco motifs to exert GDP dissociation inhibitor activity over Galpha(i) subunits; recently revealed is the existence of an additional regulatory site within GPSM3 directed toward monomeric Gbeta subunits during their biosynthesis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	G protein signaling modulator 3	Homo sapiens	0-5
23068098-0	2012	Guanosine diphosphate exerts a lower effect on superoxide release from mitochondrial matrix in the brains of uncoupling protein-2 knockout mice: new evidence for a putative novel function of uncoupling proteins as superoxide anion transporters.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-21	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	109-129
23068098-2	2012	We found that the effect of guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP) on the rate of reactive oxygen species (ROS) release from brain mitochondria of UCP2 knockout mice was less pronounced compared to the wild type animals.	Guanosine Diphosphate	28-52	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	139-143
23068098-2	2012	We found that the effect of guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP) on the rate of reactive oxygen species (ROS) release from brain mitochondria of UCP2 knockout mice was less pronounced compared to the wild type animals.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	139-143
23131016-7	2012	The Mig2 nuclear import mechanism bypasses the requirement for Kap60 (importin-alpha) as an adaptor protein, since Mig2 directly binds to Kap95 in the presence of Gsp1(GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	168-171	Mig2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	4-8
23131016-7	2012	The Mig2 nuclear import mechanism bypasses the requirement for Kap60 (importin-alpha) as an adaptor protein, since Mig2 directly binds to Kap95 in the presence of Gsp1(GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	168-171	karyopherin alpha	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	63-68
23131016-7	2012	The Mig2 nuclear import mechanism bypasses the requirement for Kap60 (importin-alpha) as an adaptor protein, since Mig2 directly binds to Kap95 in the presence of Gsp1(GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	168-171	Mig2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	115-119
23131016-7	2012	The Mig2 nuclear import mechanism bypasses the requirement for Kap60 (importin-alpha) as an adaptor protein, since Mig2 directly binds to Kap95 in the presence of Gsp1(GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	168-171	karyopherin beta	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	138-143
23131016-7	2012	The Mig2 nuclear import mechanism bypasses the requirement for Kap60 (importin-alpha) as an adaptor protein, since Mig2 directly binds to Kap95 in the presence of Gsp1(GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	168-171	Ran GTPase GSP1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	163-167
23131016-10	2012	It was also demonstrated, that the directionality of Mig2 transport is regulated by association with the small GTPase Gsp1 in the GDP- or GTP-bound forms, which promote cargo recognition and release, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-133	Mig2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	53-57
23131016-10	2012	It was also demonstrated, that the directionality of Mig2 transport is regulated by association with the small GTPase Gsp1 in the GDP- or GTP-bound forms, which promote cargo recognition and release, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-133	Ran GTPase GSP1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	118-122
23034877-11	2012	Taken together, these results reveal that AtAPY1 and AtAPY2 are Golgi-localized nucleotide diphosphatases and are likely to have roles in regulating UDP/GDP concentrations in the Golgi lumen.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	apyrase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	42-48
23034877-11	2012	Taken together, these results reveal that AtAPY1 and AtAPY2 are Golgi-localized nucleotide diphosphatases and are likely to have roles in regulating UDP/GDP concentrations in the Golgi lumen.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	apyrase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	53-59
22952234-2	2012	GLs of LGN are also known to bind the GDP form of Galpha(i/o) during asymmetric cell division.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	50-56
22952234-3	2012	Here, we show that the C-terminal GL domain of LGN binds four molecules of Galpha(i) GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	75-81
22952234-4	2012	The crystal structures of Galpha(i) GDP in complex with LGN GL3 and GL4, respectively, reveal distinct GL/Galpha(i) interaction features when compared with the only high resolution structure known with GL/Galpha(i) interaction between RGS14 and Galpha(i1.) Only a few residues C-terminal to the conserved GL sequence are required for LGN GLs to bind to Galpha(i) GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	26-32
22952234-4	2012	The crystal structures of Galpha(i) GDP in complex with LGN GL3 and GL4, respectively, reveal distinct GL/Galpha(i) interaction features when compared with the only high resolution structure known with GL/Galpha(i) interaction between RGS14 and Galpha(i1.) Only a few residues C-terminal to the conserved GL sequence are required for LGN GLs to bind to Galpha(i) GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	106-112
22952234-4	2012	The crystal structures of Galpha(i) GDP in complex with LGN GL3 and GL4, respectively, reveal distinct GL/Galpha(i) interaction features when compared with the only high resolution structure known with GL/Galpha(i) interaction between RGS14 and Galpha(i1.) Only a few residues C-terminal to the conserved GL sequence are required for LGN GLs to bind to Galpha(i) GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	106-112
22952234-4	2012	The crystal structures of Galpha(i) GDP in complex with LGN GL3 and GL4, respectively, reveal distinct GL/Galpha(i) interaction features when compared with the only high resolution structure known with GL/Galpha(i) interaction between RGS14 and Galpha(i1.) Only a few residues C-terminal to the conserved GL sequence are required for LGN GLs to bind to Galpha(i) GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	regulator of G protein signaling 14	Homo sapiens	235-240
22952234-4	2012	The crystal structures of Galpha(i) GDP in complex with LGN GL3 and GL4, respectively, reveal distinct GL/Galpha(i) interaction features when compared with the only high resolution structure known with GL/Galpha(i) interaction between RGS14 and Galpha(i1.) Only a few residues C-terminal to the conserved GL sequence are required for LGN GLs to bind to Galpha(i) GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	245-255
22952234-4	2012	The crystal structures of Galpha(i) GDP in complex with LGN GL3 and GL4, respectively, reveal distinct GL/Galpha(i) interaction features when compared with the only high resolution structure known with GL/Galpha(i) interaction between RGS14 and Galpha(i1.) Only a few residues C-terminal to the conserved GL sequence are required for LGN GLs to bind to Galpha(i) GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	106-112
22952234-4	2012	The crystal structures of Galpha(i) GDP in complex with LGN GL3 and GL4, respectively, reveal distinct GL/Galpha(i) interaction features when compared with the only high resolution structure known with GL/Galpha(i) interaction between RGS14 and Galpha(i1.) Only a few residues C-terminal to the conserved GL sequence are required for LGN GLs to bind to Galpha(i) GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	363-366	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	26-32
22952234-5	2012	A highly conserved "double Arg finger" sequence (RPsi(D/E)(D/E)QR) is responsible for LGN GL to bind to GDP bound to Galpha(i).	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	117-123
22274999-2	2012	In the resting state, G protein forms a heterotrimer, consisting of GDP-bound form of the G protein alpha subunit (Galpha(GDP)) and G protein betagamma subunit (Gbetagamma).	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	115-121
22274999-5	2012	Finally, Galpha hydrolyzes the bound GTP to GDP and returns to the resting state by re-associating with Gbetagamma.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	9-15
22274999-5	2012	Finally, Galpha hydrolyzes the bound GTP to GDP and returns to the resting state by re-associating with Gbetagamma.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	mitochondrial ribosome associated GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	37-40
22985415-2	2012	Some previous studies suggested that both m(7)GpppG and m(7)GDP were substrates for DcpS hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	decapping enzyme, scavenger	Homo sapiens	84-88
22985415-6	2012	Although DcpS enzymes cannot hydrolyze m(7)GDP, they have a high binding affinity for m(7)GDP and m(7)GDP potently inhibits DcpS hydrolysis of m(7)GpppG, suggesting that m(7)GDP may function as an efficient DcpS inhibitor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	decapping enzyme, scavenger	Homo sapiens	9-13
22985415-6	2012	Although DcpS enzymes cannot hydrolyze m(7)GDP, they have a high binding affinity for m(7)GDP and m(7)GDP potently inhibits DcpS hydrolysis of m(7)GpppG, suggesting that m(7)GDP may function as an efficient DcpS inhibitor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	decapping enzyme, scavenger	Homo sapiens	124-128
22985415-6	2012	Although DcpS enzymes cannot hydrolyze m(7)GDP, they have a high binding affinity for m(7)GDP and m(7)GDP potently inhibits DcpS hydrolysis of m(7)GpppG, suggesting that m(7)GDP may function as an efficient DcpS inhibitor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	decapping enzyme, scavenger	Homo sapiens	124-128
22985415-6	2012	Although DcpS enzymes cannot hydrolyze m(7)GDP, they have a high binding affinity for m(7)GDP and m(7)GDP potently inhibits DcpS hydrolysis of m(7)GpppG, suggesting that m(7)GDP may function as an efficient DcpS inhibitor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	decapping enzyme, scavenger	Homo sapiens	9-13
22985415-6	2012	Although DcpS enzymes cannot hydrolyze m(7)GDP, they have a high binding affinity for m(7)GDP and m(7)GDP potently inhibits DcpS hydrolysis of m(7)GpppG, suggesting that m(7)GDP may function as an efficient DcpS inhibitor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	decapping enzyme, scavenger	Homo sapiens	124-128
22985415-6	2012	Although DcpS enzymes cannot hydrolyze m(7)GDP, they have a high binding affinity for m(7)GDP and m(7)GDP potently inhibits DcpS hydrolysis of m(7)GpppG, suggesting that m(7)GDP may function as an efficient DcpS inhibitor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	decapping enzyme, scavenger	Homo sapiens	124-128
22985415-6	2012	Although DcpS enzymes cannot hydrolyze m(7)GDP, they have a high binding affinity for m(7)GDP and m(7)GDP potently inhibits DcpS hydrolysis of m(7)GpppG, suggesting that m(7)GDP may function as an efficient DcpS inhibitor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	decapping enzyme, scavenger	Homo sapiens	9-13
22985415-6	2012	Although DcpS enzymes cannot hydrolyze m(7)GDP, they have a high binding affinity for m(7)GDP and m(7)GDP potently inhibits DcpS hydrolysis of m(7)GpppG, suggesting that m(7)GDP may function as an efficient DcpS inhibitor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	decapping enzyme, scavenger	Homo sapiens	124-128
22985415-6	2012	Although DcpS enzymes cannot hydrolyze m(7)GDP, they have a high binding affinity for m(7)GDP and m(7)GDP potently inhibits DcpS hydrolysis of m(7)GpppG, suggesting that m(7)GDP may function as an efficient DcpS inhibitor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	decapping enzyme, scavenger	Homo sapiens	124-128
22985415-6	2012	Although DcpS enzymes cannot hydrolyze m(7)GDP, they have a high binding affinity for m(7)GDP and m(7)GDP potently inhibits DcpS hydrolysis of m(7)GpppG, suggesting that m(7)GDP may function as an efficient DcpS inhibitor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	decapping enzyme, scavenger	Homo sapiens	9-13
22985415-6	2012	Although DcpS enzymes cannot hydrolyze m(7)GDP, they have a high binding affinity for m(7)GDP and m(7)GDP potently inhibits DcpS hydrolysis of m(7)GpppG, suggesting that m(7)GDP may function as an efficient DcpS inhibitor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	decapping enzyme, scavenger	Homo sapiens	124-128
22985415-6	2012	Although DcpS enzymes cannot hydrolyze m(7)GDP, they have a high binding affinity for m(7)GDP and m(7)GDP potently inhibits DcpS hydrolysis of m(7)GpppG, suggesting that m(7)GDP may function as an efficient DcpS inhibitor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	decapping enzyme, scavenger	Homo sapiens	124-128
22985415-7	2012	Our data have important implications for the regulatory role of m(7)GDP in mRNA metabolic pathways due to its possible interactions with different cap-binding proteins, such as DcpS or eIF4E.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	decapping enzyme, scavenger	Homo sapiens	177-181
22985415-7	2012	Our data have important implications for the regulatory role of m(7)GDP in mRNA metabolic pathways due to its possible interactions with different cap-binding proteins, such as DcpS or eIF4E.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E	Homo sapiens	185-190
22988866-3	2012	Studies with recombinant LRRK2 protein purified from eukaryotic cells have confirmed that LRRK2 binds guanine nucleotides and catalyses the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	161-164	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	25-30
22988866-3	2012	Studies with recombinant LRRK2 protein purified from eukaryotic cells have confirmed that LRRK2 binds guanine nucleotides and catalyses the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	161-164	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	90-95
22864539-4	2012	Livers of mice fed a diet supplemented with CLA showed high UCP2 mRNA levels and the isolated hepatic mitochondria showed indications of UCP activity: in the presence of guanosine diphosphate, the higher stimulation of respiration promoted by linoleic acid in mitochondria from the CLA mice was almost completely reduced to the level of the stimulation from the control mice.	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-191	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	60-63
22858691-5	2012	To better understand the novel finding of PLD2 as an enhancer of GDP/GTP exchange, we modeled the N-terminal portion of PLD2 (as the crystal structure of this protein has not as of yet been resolved), and studied the correlation with two known GEFs, SWAP-70 and the Leukemic Associated RhoGEF (LARG).	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	phospholipase D2	Homo sapiens	42-46
22858691-9	2012	By bearing two enzymatic activities (break down of PC and GDP/GTP exchange), it is realistic to assume that PLD is an important signaling node for several intracellular pathways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	108-111
22908276-1	2012	Brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein (BIG)2 activates ADP-ribosylation factors, ~20-kDa GTPase proteins critical for continuity of intracellular vesicular trafficking by accelerating the replacement of ADP-ribosylation factor-bound GDP with GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	253-256	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	59-64
22943068-13	2012	CONCLUSIONS: In HIV-positive patients presenting with CD4 count between 250-350 cells/mul, immediate initiation of cART is a highly cost-effective strategy using the recommended one-time per capita GDP threshold of $490 reported for Uganda.	Guanosine Diphosphate	198-201	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	54-57
22676960-6	2012	In this cell-based test system UCP1 displays native functional behaviour as it can be activated with fatty acids (palmitate) and inhibited with purine nucleotides guanosine-diphosphate (GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	163-184	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	31-35
22676960-6	2012	In this cell-based test system UCP1 displays native functional behaviour as it can be activated with fatty acids (palmitate) and inhibited with purine nucleotides guanosine-diphosphate (GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	186-189	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	31-35
22843681-2	2012	GPSM3 acts through its two GoLoco motifs to exert GDP dissociation inhibitor activity over Galpha(i) subunits; recently revealed is the existence of an additional regulatory site within GPSM3 directed toward monomeric Gbeta subunits during their biosynthesis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	succinate-CoA ligase GDP-forming subunit beta	Homo sapiens	218-223
22594927-3	2012	A GDP-restricted allele, ARL1[T32N] , did not effectively complement either phenotype.	Guanosine Diphosphate	2-5	Arf family GTPase ARL1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	25-29
22772751-4	2012	Regarding the partial reactions catalysed by SsEF-1alpha the effect produced by ppGpp on the affinity for aa-tRNA was lower than that measured in the presence of GTP but higher than that for GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	191-194	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	45-56
22787280-6	2012	Added GTPase-activating protein promotes GTP hydrolysis by Ypt7p, and added GDI captures Ypt7p in its GDP-bound state during nucleotide cycling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	Rab family GTPase YPT7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	89-94
22787280-7	2012	In either case, the net conversion of Ypt7:GTP to Ypt7:GDP has no effect on HOPS binding or activity but blocks fusion mediated by phosphorylated HOPS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	Rab family GTPase YPT7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	38-42
22787280-7	2012	In either case, the net conversion of Ypt7:GTP to Ypt7:GDP has no effect on HOPS binding or activity but blocks fusion mediated by phosphorylated HOPS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	Rab family GTPase YPT7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	50-54
22607032-5	2012	The GTP-bound form of Rab6 promoted, but Rab6 siRNA and the GDP-bound form of Rab6 abrogated, retrograde trafficking of cav-2 from the Golgi to ER.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	caveolin 2	Homo sapiens	120-125
22740700-4	2012	Here, we studied the thermodynamics of guanine nucleotide binding to SelB by isothermal titration calorimetry in the temperature range between 10 and 25  C using GTP, GDP, and two nonhydrolyzable GTP analogs, guanosine 5"-O-(gamma-thio)triphosphate (GTPgammaS) and guanosine 5"-(beta,gamma-imido)-triphosphate (GDPNP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	167-170	eukaryotic elongation factor, selenocysteine-tRNA specific	Homo sapiens	69-73
22700969-7	2012	This study suggests the existence of an ubiquitination/de-ubiquitination cycle superimposed on the GDP/GTP cycle of RalA, involved in the regulation of RalA activity as well as in membrane raft trafficking.	Guanosine Diphosphate	99-102	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	116-120
22700969-7	2012	This study suggests the existence of an ubiquitination/de-ubiquitination cycle superimposed on the GDP/GTP cycle of RalA, involved in the regulation of RalA activity as well as in membrane raft trafficking.	Guanosine Diphosphate	99-102	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	152-156
22807443-0	2012	Crystal structure of the Gtr1p(GTP)-Gtr2p(GDP) protein complex reveals large structural rearrangements triggered by GTP-to-GDP conversion.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	Rag GTPase GTR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	25-30
22807443-0	2012	Crystal structure of the Gtr1p(GTP)-Gtr2p(GDP) protein complex reveals large structural rearrangements triggered by GTP-to-GDP conversion.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	Gtr2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	36-41
22807443-0	2012	Crystal structure of the Gtr1p(GTP)-Gtr2p(GDP) protein complex reveals large structural rearrangements triggered by GTP-to-GDP conversion.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	Rag GTPase GTR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	25-30
22807443-0	2012	Crystal structure of the Gtr1p(GTP)-Gtr2p(GDP) protein complex reveals large structural rearrangements triggered by GTP-to-GDP conversion.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	Gtr2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	36-41
22807443-3	2012	Here, we present the crystal structure of Gtr1p(GTP)-Gtr2p(GDP), the active yeast Rag GTPase heterodimer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	Rag GTPase GTR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	42-47
22807443-3	2012	Here, we present the crystal structure of Gtr1p(GTP)-Gtr2p(GDP), the active yeast Rag GTPase heterodimer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	Gtr2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	53-58
22807443-4	2012	The structure reveals that GTP-to-GDP conversion on Gtr2p results in a large conformational transition of this subunit, including a large scale rearrangement of a long segment whose corresponding region in RagA is involved in binding to Raptor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	Gtr2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	52-57
22553209-6	2012	Bud4 can bind to GTP or GDP, and a GTP-binding-defective Bud4 fails to interact with Axl1 in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	Bud4p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-4
22740700-0	2012	Thermodynamics of the GTP-GDP-operated conformational switch of selenocysteine-specific translation factor SelB.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	eukaryotic elongation factor, selenocysteine-tRNA specific	Homo sapiens	107-111
22740700-1	2012	SelB is a specialized translation factor that binds GTP and GDP and delivers selenocysteyl-tRNA (Sec-tRNA(Sec)) to the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	eukaryotic elongation factor, selenocysteine-tRNA specific	Homo sapiens	0-4
22740700-2	2012	By analogy to elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu), SelB is expected to control the delivery and release of Sec-tRNA(Sec) to the ribosome by the structural switch between GTP- and GDP-bound conformations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	172-175	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	14-34
22740700-2	2012	By analogy to elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu), SelB is expected to control the delivery and release of Sec-tRNA(Sec) to the ribosome by the structural switch between GTP- and GDP-bound conformations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	172-175	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	36-41
22740700-2	2012	By analogy to elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu), SelB is expected to control the delivery and release of Sec-tRNA(Sec) to the ribosome by the structural switch between GTP- and GDP-bound conformations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	172-175	eukaryotic elongation factor, selenocysteine-tRNA specific	Homo sapiens	44-48
22740700-5	2012	The binding of SelB to either guanine nucleotide is characterized by a large heat capacity change (-621, -467, -235, and -275 cal x mol(-1) x K(-1), with GTP, GTPgammaS, GDPNP, and GDP, respectively), associated with compensatory changes in binding entropy and enthalpy.	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-173	eukaryotic elongation factor, selenocysteine-tRNA specific	Homo sapiens	15-19
22740700-6	2012	Changes in heat capacity indicate a large decrease of the solvent-accessible surface area in SelB, amounting to 43 or 32 amino acids buried upon binding of GTP or GTPgammaS, respectively, and 15-19 amino acids upon binding GDP or GDPNP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	223-226	eukaryotic elongation factor, selenocysteine-tRNA specific	Homo sapiens	93-97
22740700-7	2012	The similarity of the GTP and GDP forms in the crystal structures can be attributed to the use of GDPNP, which appears to induce a structure of SelB that is more similar to the GDP than to the GTP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	eukaryotic elongation factor, selenocysteine-tRNA specific	Homo sapiens	144-148
22740700-7	2012	The similarity of the GTP and GDP forms in the crystal structures can be attributed to the use of GDPNP, which appears to induce a structure of SelB that is more similar to the GDP than to the GTP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	eukaryotic elongation factor, selenocysteine-tRNA specific	Homo sapiens	144-148
22705156-2	2012	We observe WNT-3a to differentially regulate small GTPase activity in platelets, promoting the GDP-bound form of Rap1b to inhibit integrin-alpha(IIb)beta(3) adhesion, while concomitantly increasing Cdc42 and Rac1-GTP levels thereby disrupting normal platelet spreading.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	Wnt family member 3A	Homo sapiens	11-17
22628549-4	2012	We demonstrate that RhoGDI binds the prenylated form of RhoA GDP with unexpectedly high affinity (K(d) = 5 pm).	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	20-26
22628549-4	2012	We demonstrate that RhoGDI binds the prenylated form of RhoA GDP with unexpectedly high affinity (K(d) = 5 pm).	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	56-60
22628549-6	2012	The 2.8-A structure of the RhoA guanosine 5"-[beta,gamma-imido] triphosphate (GMPPNP) RhoGDI complex demonstrated that complex formation forces the activated RhoA into a GDP-bound conformation in the absence of nucleotide hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-173	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	27-31
22628549-6	2012	The 2.8-A structure of the RhoA guanosine 5"-[beta,gamma-imido] triphosphate (GMPPNP) RhoGDI complex demonstrated that complex formation forces the activated RhoA into a GDP-bound conformation in the absence of nucleotide hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-173	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	86-92
22628549-6	2012	The 2.8-A structure of the RhoA guanosine 5"-[beta,gamma-imido] triphosphate (GMPPNP) RhoGDI complex demonstrated that complex formation forces the activated RhoA into a GDP-bound conformation in the absence of nucleotide hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-173	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	158-162
25436539-1	2012	Abstract Like many other small GTPases, Ran functions in eukaryotic cells as a molecular switch that cycles between GTP- and GDP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	40-43
25436539-2	2012	Through the proper modulation of the GTP/GDP cycle, Ran functions with a number of Ran-binding proteins to control a broad array of fundamental cellular functions, including nucleocytoplasmic transport, mitotic spindle assembly, and nuclear envelope and nuclear pore complex formation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	52-55
25436539-2	2012	Through the proper modulation of the GTP/GDP cycle, Ran functions with a number of Ran-binding proteins to control a broad array of fundamental cellular functions, including nucleocytoplasmic transport, mitotic spindle assembly, and nuclear envelope and nuclear pore complex formation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	83-86
22614916-1	2012	Rap1GAP which regulates the GTP-GDP form switch of Rap1 is a member of the             GTPase-activating protein (GAP) family and has recently received substantial attention.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	RAP1 GTPase activating protein	Homo sapiens	0-7
22614916-1	2012	Rap1GAP which regulates the GTP-GDP form switch of Rap1 is a member of the             GTPase-activating protein (GAP) family and has recently received substantial attention.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-4
22705156-2	2012	We observe WNT-3a to differentially regulate small GTPase activity in platelets, promoting the GDP-bound form of Rap1b to inhibit integrin-alpha(IIb)beta(3) adhesion, while concomitantly increasing Cdc42 and Rac1-GTP levels thereby disrupting normal platelet spreading.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	RAP1B, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	113-118
22705156-2	2012	We observe WNT-3a to differentially regulate small GTPase activity in platelets, promoting the GDP-bound form of Rap1b to inhibit integrin-alpha(IIb)beta(3) adhesion, while concomitantly increasing Cdc42 and Rac1-GTP levels thereby disrupting normal platelet spreading.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	198-203
22705156-2	2012	We observe WNT-3a to differentially regulate small GTPase activity in platelets, promoting the GDP-bound form of Rap1b to inhibit integrin-alpha(IIb)beta(3) adhesion, while concomitantly increasing Cdc42 and Rac1-GTP levels thereby disrupting normal platelet spreading.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	208-212
22849572-10	2012	Activity assays with AtAPY1-GFP revealed GDP, UDP and IDP as substrates, but neither ATP nor ADP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	apyrase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	21-27
22750005-8	2012	Our structure revealed that the non-hydrolysable, constitutively active form of Rab6A" can accommodate GDP/Mg(2+) in the open conformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	RAB6A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	80-85
22510380-12	2012	Blocking the AGE/RAGE interaction provides specific protective effects against PDF- and GDP-induced cytoskeletal reorganization, dynamics and stabilizes podocyte survival; this might be an implication for the preservation of RRF in PD.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 914	Homo sapiens	17-21
22818197-5	2012	Then, we show the results on cAMP oscillations when perturbing the amount of protein Cdc25 coupled with the alteration of the intracellular ratio of the guanine nucleotides (GTP/GDP), which are known to regulate the switch of the GTPase Ras protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	178-181	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	85-90
22683627-1	2012	The eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF2 delivers Met-tRNAiMet to the ribosomal small subunit in GTP-bound form associated with eIF1, eIF1A, eIF3 and eIF5, and dissociates together with eIF5 as eIF5-eIF2-GDP complex from the ribosomal small subunit after formation of start codon-anticodon base pairing between Met-tRNAiMet and mRNA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	213-216	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	45-49
22683627-2	2012	The inactive form eIF2-GDP is then exchanged for the active form eIF2-GTP by eIF2B for further initiation cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	18-22
22683627-2	2012	The inactive form eIF2-GDP is then exchanged for the active form eIF2-GTP by eIF2B for further initiation cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	65-69
22683627-2	2012	The inactive form eIF2-GDP is then exchanged for the active form eIF2-GTP by eIF2B for further initiation cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit epsilon	Homo sapiens	77-82
22751660-4	2012	This contrasts with Escherichia coli SCS, which uses GDP/GTP but prefers ADP/ATP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Sus scrofa	37-40
22751660-5	2012	To understand the nucleotide preference, T. aquaticus SCS was crystallized in the presence of GDP, leading to the determination of the structure in complex with GDP-Mn(2+).	Guanosine Diphosphate	94-97	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Sus scrofa	54-57
22684057-0	2012	Structure of the GDP-bound G domain of the RGK protein Rem2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	17-20	RRAD and GEM like GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	55-59
22613714-2	2012	Brag2 catalyzes nucleotide exchange, converting Arf GDP to Arf GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	IQ motif and Sec7 domain ArfGEF 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
22664862-7	2012	This is the first report demonstrating that PAG inhibits             the proliferation and invasion potential of prostate cancer cells via the interaction             with RasGAP to recruit RasGAP to the cell membrane, where RasGAP hydrolyzes GTP             to GDP, reduces the level of activated Ras, and ultimately suppresses the activation             of ERK1/2, cyclin D1 and other effectors of the Ras signaling pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	262-265	RAS p21 protein activator 1	Homo sapiens	172-178
22684057-2	2012	The structure of the Rem2 G domain bound to GDP is reported here in a monoclinic crystal form at 2.66 A resolution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	RRAD and GEM like GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	21-25
22275120-0	2012	Conformational selection through electrostatics: Free energy simulations of GTP and GDP binding to archaeal initiation factor 2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	transcription termination factor 2	Homo sapiens	119-127
22568941-2	2012	Here we show that OGG1 binds the 8-oxoG base with high affinity and that the complex then interacts with canonical Ras family GTPases to catalyze replacement of GDP with GTP, thus serving as a guanine nuclear exchange factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	161-164	8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase	Homo sapiens	18-22
22460725-9	2012	Moreover, a menthol-induced and TRPM8-mediated G protein activation could be demonstrated by FRET experiments monitoring the dissociation of Galphaq-YFP from a Gbeta/Ggamma-CFP complex, and by the exchange of radioactive [(35)S]GTPgammaS for GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	242-245	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 8	Homo sapiens	32-37
22761582-2	2012	In contrast, the Arabidopsis thaliana G protein (AtGPA1) rapidly activates itself without a GEF and is instead regulated by a seven transmembrane Regulator of G protein Signaling (7TM-RGS) protein that promotes GTP hydrolysis to reset the inactive (GDP-bound) state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	249-252	G protein alpha subunit 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	49-55
22654768-2	2012	betaPix is one of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that catalyze the exchange of bound GDP for ambient GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 7	Homo sapiens	0-7
22726655-5	2012	RESULTS: By employing tryptophan fluorescence analysis and radioactive GTPase assays, we demonstrate that Gtr1 can adopt two distinct GDP- and GTP-bound conformations, and that it hydrolyses GTP much slower than Ras proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	Rag GTPase GTR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	106-110
22573691-9	2012	In addition, we demonstrate that the SPA-to-GDP transition is paralleled by a remarkable maturation in the morphophysiological properties of GABAergic neurons.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	surfactant protein A2	Homo sapiens	37-40
22311417-7	2012	Mitochondrial uncoupling was partly inhibited by the UCP inhibitor GDP (-1.1 +- 0.1 pmol O(2) s(-1) [mg protein](-1)).	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	53-56
22520755-3	2012	Although DOCK2 does not contain Dbl homology domain typically found in guanine nucleotide exchange factors, DOCK2 mediates the GTP-GDP exchange reaction for Rac through its DHR-2 domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	dedicator of cytokinesis 2	Homo sapiens	9-14
22520755-3	2012	Although DOCK2 does not contain Dbl homology domain typically found in guanine nucleotide exchange factors, DOCK2 mediates the GTP-GDP exchange reaction for Rac through its DHR-2 domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	dedicator of cytokinesis 2	Homo sapiens	108-113
22520755-3	2012	Although DOCK2 does not contain Dbl homology domain typically found in guanine nucleotide exchange factors, DOCK2 mediates the GTP-GDP exchange reaction for Rac through its DHR-2 domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	157-160
21756248-7	2012	Degradation analysis indicated that aspirin enhanced the protein degradation rate of RhoA and GDP-bound RhoA seemed to be more susceptible to aspirin-enhanced degradation compared with the GTP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	94-97	ras homolog family member A	Rattus norvegicus	104-108
22306739-8	2012	NTS1-catalyzed GDP/GTPgammaS nucleotide exchange at Galphaq in the presence of Gbeta(1)gamma(1) and NT was crucially affected by the lipid type, with exchange rates higher by 1 or 2 orders of magnitude in POPC/POPG- and POPG-nanodiscs, respectively, compared to POPC-nanodiscs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	15-18	neurotensin	Homo sapiens	0-4
22157745-2	2012	The initiation of Rac1 signalling requires at least two mechanisms: GTP loading via the guanosine triphosphate (GTP)/guanosine diphosphate (GDP) cycle, and targeting to cholesterol-rich liquid-ordered plasma membrane microdomains.	Guanosine Diphosphate	117-138	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	18-22
22045098-12	2012	The effluent concentration of interleukin 8 was significantly lower in patients using low-GDP PDF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	30-43
22321395-3	2012	Here, we generated and crystallized the Rab3B:GDP complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	RAB3B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	40-45
22281745-0	2012	Structures of NodZ alpha1,6-fucosyltransferase in complex with GDP and GDP-fucose.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	fucosyltransferase 8	Homo sapiens	19-46
22281745-4	2012	Here, the first crystal structures of alpha1,6-FucT in complex with its substrate GDP-Fuc and with GDP, which is a byproduct of the enzymatic reaction, are presented.	Guanosine Diphosphate	82-85	fucosyltransferase 8	Homo sapiens	38-51
21561434-2	2012	The activity of UCP1 is modulated by GDP and fatty acids.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	16-20
21768877-1	2012	INTRODUCTION: The K-ras proto-oncogene encodes a protein (p21-ras) belonging to the family of GTP/GDP-binding proteins with GTPase activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	18-23
21768877-1	2012	INTRODUCTION: The K-ras proto-oncogene encodes a protein (p21-ras) belonging to the family of GTP/GDP-binding proteins with GTPase activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	58-65
22449701-1	2012	Geft is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, which can specifically activate Rho family of small GTPase by catalyzing the exchange of bound GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	141-144	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 25	Mus musculus	0-4
22378069-3	2012	Interestingly, S21 belongs to the first eEF1A GTP/GDP-binding consensus sequence.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	ribosomal protein S21	Homo sapiens	15-18
22378069-3	2012	Interestingly, S21 belongs to the first eEF1A GTP/GDP-binding consensus sequence.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	40-45
22167191-3	2012	Although GPSM3 is known to bind Galpha(i) GDP subunits via its GoLoco motifs, here we report that GPSM3 also interacts with the Gbeta subunits Gbeta1 to Gbeta4, independent of Ggamma or Galpha GDP subunit interactions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	G protein signaling modulator 3	Homo sapiens	9-14
22167191-3	2012	Although GPSM3 is known to bind Galpha(i) GDP subunits via its GoLoco motifs, here we report that GPSM3 also interacts with the Gbeta subunits Gbeta1 to Gbeta4, independent of Ggamma or Galpha GDP subunit interactions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	32-38
22167191-3	2012	Although GPSM3 is known to bind Galpha(i) GDP subunits via its GoLoco motifs, here we report that GPSM3 also interacts with the Gbeta subunits Gbeta1 to Gbeta4, independent of Ggamma or Galpha GDP subunit interactions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	succinate-CoA ligase GDP-forming subunit beta	Homo sapiens	128-133
22167191-3	2012	Although GPSM3 is known to bind Galpha(i) GDP subunits via its GoLoco motifs, here we report that GPSM3 also interacts with the Gbeta subunits Gbeta1 to Gbeta4, independent of Ggamma or Galpha GDP subunit interactions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	186-192
22167191-3	2012	Although GPSM3 is known to bind Galpha(i) GDP subunits via its GoLoco motifs, here we report that GPSM3 also interacts with the Gbeta subunits Gbeta1 to Gbeta4, independent of Ggamma or Galpha GDP subunit interactions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	193-196	G protein signaling modulator 3	Homo sapiens	9-14
22167191-3	2012	Although GPSM3 is known to bind Galpha(i) GDP subunits via its GoLoco motifs, here we report that GPSM3 also interacts with the Gbeta subunits Gbeta1 to Gbeta4, independent of Ggamma or Galpha GDP subunit interactions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	193-196	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	32-38
22167191-3	2012	Although GPSM3 is known to bind Galpha(i) GDP subunits via its GoLoco motifs, here we report that GPSM3 also interacts with the Gbeta subunits Gbeta1 to Gbeta4, independent of Ggamma or Galpha GDP subunit interactions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	193-196	G protein signaling modulator 3	Homo sapiens	98-103
22167191-3	2012	Although GPSM3 is known to bind Galpha(i) GDP subunits via its GoLoco motifs, here we report that GPSM3 also interacts with the Gbeta subunits Gbeta1 to Gbeta4, independent of Ggamma or Galpha GDP subunit interactions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	193-196	succinate-CoA ligase GDP-forming subunit beta	Homo sapiens	128-133
22308410-5	2012	By binding to EF-G on the ribosome, FusB-type proteins promote the dissociation of stalled ribosome EF-G GDP complexes that form in the presence of FA, thereby allowing the ribosomes to resume translation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	14-18
22308410-5	2012	By binding to EF-G on the ribosome, FusB-type proteins promote the dissociation of stalled ribosome EF-G GDP complexes that form in the presence of FA, thereby allowing the ribosomes to resume translation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	100-104
22157745-2	2012	The initiation of Rac1 signalling requires at least two mechanisms: GTP loading via the guanosine triphosphate (GTP)/guanosine diphosphate (GDP) cycle, and targeting to cholesterol-rich liquid-ordered plasma membrane microdomains.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	18-22
22111578-5	2012	We found that somal CAPS2 is associated with the Golgi membrane, and mediates binding and recruitment of the GDP-bound form of ARF4 and ARF5 (members of the membrane-trafficking small GTPase family) to the Golgi membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	calcyphosphine 2	Mus musculus	20-25
22111578-5	2012	We found that somal CAPS2 is associated with the Golgi membrane, and mediates binding and recruitment of the GDP-bound form of ARF4 and ARF5 (members of the membrane-trafficking small GTPase family) to the Golgi membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	ADP-ribosylation factor 4	Mus musculus	127-131
22111578-5	2012	We found that somal CAPS2 is associated with the Golgi membrane, and mediates binding and recruitment of the GDP-bound form of ARF4 and ARF5 (members of the membrane-trafficking small GTPase family) to the Golgi membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	ADP-ribosylation factor 5	Mus musculus	136-140
22226746-6	2012	Human cells expressing a constitutively activated, GTP-bound ARF6 mutant display identical endocytic recycling and cytokinesis defects as those observed upon overexpression of the inactivated, GDP-bound Rab35 mutant.	Guanosine Diphosphate	193-196	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	61-65
22226746-6	2012	Human cells expressing a constitutively activated, GTP-bound ARF6 mutant display identical endocytic recycling and cytokinesis defects as those observed upon overexpression of the inactivated, GDP-bound Rab35 mutant.	Guanosine Diphosphate	193-196	RAB35, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	203-208
22384376-9	2012	In accordance with this, we found that Imp-beta(KetRE34) and Imp-beta(KetD) bind a high level of RanGTP/GDP, and a deletion decreasing RanGTP level suppresses the imp-beta(KetRE34) phenotype.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	Female sterile (2) Ketel	Drosophila melanogaster	39-47
22260703-2	2012	Rif has the conserved Rho GTPase domain structures and cycles between a GDP-bound inactive form and a GTP-bound active form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	ras homolog family member F, filopodia associated	Homo sapiens	0-3
22117027-2	2012	Cdc24 is an upstream regulator of budding yeast Cdc42 that accelerates the exchange of GDP for GTP in Cdc42 via its Dbl homology (DH) domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC24	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-5
22117027-2	2012	Cdc24 is an upstream regulator of budding yeast Cdc42 that accelerates the exchange of GDP for GTP in Cdc42 via its Dbl homology (DH) domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	48-53
22117027-2	2012	Cdc24 is an upstream regulator of budding yeast Cdc42 that accelerates the exchange of GDP for GTP in Cdc42 via its Dbl homology (DH) domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	102-107
21940996-8	2012	When redox status was subsequently increased (i.e., more reduced), UCP1-mediated uncoupling was more sensitive to GDP inhibition.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	67-71
23302703-6	2012	NTPDase6 is an intracellular enzyme that can be released in a soluble form from cell cultures and shows an enzymatic preference for nucleoside 5"-diphosphates, such as guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP) and uridine 5"-diphosphate (UDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	168-192	ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 6	Homo sapiens	0-8
23302703-6	2012	NTPDase6 is an intracellular enzyme that can be released in a soluble form from cell cultures and shows an enzymatic preference for nucleoside 5"-diphosphates, such as guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP) and uridine 5"-diphosphate (UDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	194-197	ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 6	Homo sapiens	0-8
21562143-10	2012	CONCLUSIONS: Use of GDP-free, neutral-pH, bicarbonate-lactate-buffered PD solutions is associated with higher plasma levels of acylated ghrelin and adiponectin than classic solutions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Homo sapiens	148-159
21940399-5	2012	However, MFC-GDP shows a greatly reduced affinity to Met-tRNA(i) compared to that for eIF2-GDP, suggesting that MFC components may play a role in the release of eIF2-GDP from the ribosome following AUG recognition.	Guanosine Diphosphate	13-16	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	161-165
21940399-5	2012	However, MFC-GDP shows a greatly reduced affinity to Met-tRNA(i) compared to that for eIF2-GDP, suggesting that MFC components may play a role in the release of eIF2-GDP from the ribosome following AUG recognition.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	86-90
21940399-5	2012	However, MFC-GDP shows a greatly reduced affinity to Met-tRNA(i) compared to that for eIF2-GDP, suggesting that MFC components may play a role in the release of eIF2-GDP from the ribosome following AUG recognition.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	161-165
21767238-17	2012	ERT: The number of bleeding GDPs had significantly decreased by ERT(6) (1/10; p < 0.01).	Guanosine Diphosphate	28-32	E74 like ETS transcription factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-3
21767238-17	2012	ERT: The number of bleeding GDPs had significantly decreased by ERT(6) (1/10; p < 0.01).	Guanosine Diphosphate	28-32	E74 like ETS transcription factor 3	Homo sapiens	64-67
21767238-21	2012	The number of GDPs with abnormal platelet aggregation had decreased significantly by ERT(6) (10/19; p < 0.05).	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-18	E74 like ETS transcription factor 3	Homo sapiens	85-88
21993423-5	2012	Among the oncogenes, c-Ha-Ras and Ras homologous A (Rho-A) are important cell signaling factors for malignant transformation and to reach their active GTP bound state, Ras proteins must first release bound GDP mediated by a guanine nucleotide releasing factor (GRF).	Guanosine Diphosphate	206-209	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	34-50
21993423-5	2012	Among the oncogenes, c-Ha-Ras and Ras homologous A (Rho-A) are important cell signaling factors for malignant transformation and to reach their active GTP bound state, Ras proteins must first release bound GDP mediated by a guanine nucleotide releasing factor (GRF).	Guanosine Diphosphate	206-209	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	52-57
21993423-5	2012	Among the oncogenes, c-Ha-Ras and Ras homologous A (Rho-A) are important cell signaling factors for malignant transformation and to reach their active GTP bound state, Ras proteins must first release bound GDP mediated by a guanine nucleotide releasing factor (GRF).	Guanosine Diphosphate	206-209	SOS Ras/Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	224-259
21993423-5	2012	Among the oncogenes, c-Ha-Ras and Ras homologous A (Rho-A) are important cell signaling factors for malignant transformation and to reach their active GTP bound state, Ras proteins must first release bound GDP mediated by a guanine nucleotide releasing factor (GRF).	Guanosine Diphosphate	206-209	SOS Ras/Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	261-264
22384376-9	2012	In accordance with this, we found that Imp-beta(KetRE34) and Imp-beta(KetD) bind a high level of RanGTP/GDP, and a deletion decreasing RanGTP level suppresses the imp-beta(KetRE34) phenotype.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	Female sterile (2) Ketel	Drosophila melanogaster	61-69
22384376-9	2012	In accordance with this, we found that Imp-beta(KetRE34) and Imp-beta(KetD) bind a high level of RanGTP/GDP, and a deletion decreasing RanGTP level suppresses the imp-beta(KetRE34) phenotype.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	Ran	Drosophila melanogaster	97-103
22384376-9	2012	In accordance with this, we found that Imp-beta(KetRE34) and Imp-beta(KetD) bind a high level of RanGTP/GDP, and a deletion decreasing RanGTP level suppresses the imp-beta(KetRE34) phenotype.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	Ran	Drosophila melanogaster	135-141
22384376-9	2012	In accordance with this, we found that Imp-beta(KetRE34) and Imp-beta(KetD) bind a high level of RanGTP/GDP, and a deletion decreasing RanGTP level suppresses the imp-beta(KetRE34) phenotype.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	Female sterile (2) Ketel	Drosophila melanogaster	163-171
22106281-1	2011	We have discovered that the enzyme phospholipase D2 (PLD2) binds directly to the small GTPase Rac2, resulting in PLD2 functioning as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), because it switches Rac2 from the GDP-bound to the GTP-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	211-214	phospholipase D2	Homo sapiens	35-51
23150791-0	2012	GTPases IF2 and EF-G bind GDP and the SRL RNA in a mutually exclusive manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	8-11
23150791-0	2012	GTPases IF2 and EF-G bind GDP and the SRL RNA in a mutually exclusive manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	16-20
23150791-5	2012	We show that binding of IF2 and EF-G to a 27 nucleotide RNA fragment mimicking the sarcin-ricin loop is mutually exclusive with that of GDP, but not of GTP, providing a mechanism for destabilization of the ribosome-bound GDP forms of translational GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	24-27
23150791-5	2012	We show that binding of IF2 and EF-G to a 27 nucleotide RNA fragment mimicking the sarcin-ricin loop is mutually exclusive with that of GDP, but not of GTP, providing a mechanism for destabilization of the ribosome-bound GDP forms of translational GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	32-36
23150791-5	2012	We show that binding of IF2 and EF-G to a 27 nucleotide RNA fragment mimicking the sarcin-ricin loop is mutually exclusive with that of GDP, but not of GTP, providing a mechanism for destabilization of the ribosome-bound GDP forms of translational GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	221-224	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	24-27
23150791-5	2012	We show that binding of IF2 and EF-G to a 27 nucleotide RNA fragment mimicking the sarcin-ricin loop is mutually exclusive with that of GDP, but not of GTP, providing a mechanism for destabilization of the ribosome-bound GDP forms of translational GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	221-224	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	32-36
22714419-1	2012	The functional cycle of the Rac1 GTPase involves a large number of steps, including post-translational processing, cytosolic sequestration by RhoGDIs, translocation to specific subcellular localizations, activation by GDP/GTP exchange, inactivation by GTP hydrolysis, and re-formation of cytosolic Rac1/RhoGDI inhibitory complexes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	218-221	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
22359497-5	2012	Moreover, a d/xi plot classifies the available Ras x-ray structures and MD-derived K-ras conformers into active GTP-, intermediate GTP-, inactive GDP-bound, and nucleotide-free conformational states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	83-88
23226417-3	2012	ERp57 bound specifically to the GDP-bound form of RalA, but not the GTP-bound form, and inhibited the dissociation of GDP from RalA in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	protein disulfide isomerase family A member 3	Homo sapiens	0-5
23226417-3	2012	ERp57 bound specifically to the GDP-bound form of RalA, but not the GTP-bound form, and inhibited the dissociation of GDP from RalA in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	50-54
23226417-3	2012	ERp57 bound specifically to the GDP-bound form of RalA, but not the GTP-bound form, and inhibited the dissociation of GDP from RalA in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	protein disulfide isomerase family A member 3	Homo sapiens	0-5
23226417-3	2012	ERp57 bound specifically to the GDP-bound form of RalA, but not the GTP-bound form, and inhibited the dissociation of GDP from RalA in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	127-131
23050005-2	2012	Although DOCK2 does not contain the Dbl homology domain typically found in guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), DOCK2 mediates the GTP-GDP exchange reaction for Rac via its DOCK homology region (DHR)-2 (also known as CZH2 or Docker) domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	142-145	dedicator of cytokinesis 2	Homo sapiens	9-14
23050005-2	2012	Although DOCK2 does not contain the Dbl homology domain typically found in guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), DOCK2 mediates the GTP-GDP exchange reaction for Rac via its DOCK homology region (DHR)-2 (also known as CZH2 or Docker) domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	142-145	dedicator of cytokinesis 2	Homo sapiens	119-124
23050005-2	2012	Although DOCK2 does not contain the Dbl homology domain typically found in guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), DOCK2 mediates the GTP-GDP exchange reaction for Rac via its DOCK homology region (DHR)-2 (also known as CZH2 or Docker) domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	142-145	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	168-171
22880006-2	2012	Herein, we provide evidence for the first time that translocation of the mammalian NTF2 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm to collect Ran in the GDP form is subjected to regulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	nuclear transport factor 2	Homo sapiens	83-87
22880006-2	2012	Herein, we provide evidence for the first time that translocation of the mammalian NTF2 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm to collect Ran in the GDP form is subjected to regulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	133-136
22900022-7	2012	We found that Caveolin interacts with TC10 only when GDP-bound and stabilizes GDP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	ras homolog family member Q	Homo sapiens	38-42
22900022-7	2012	We found that Caveolin interacts with TC10 only when GDP-bound and stabilizes GDP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	ras homolog family member Q	Homo sapiens	38-42
22859948-2	2012	Unlike all other GTPases, hGBP1 hydrolyzes GTP to a mixture of GDP and GMP with GMP being the major product at 37 C but GDP became significant when the hydrolysis reaction was carried out at 15 C. The hydrolysis reaction in hGBP1 is believed to involve with a number of catalytic steps.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	guanylate binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	26-31
22859948-2	2012	Unlike all other GTPases, hGBP1 hydrolyzes GTP to a mixture of GDP and GMP with GMP being the major product at 37 C but GDP became significant when the hydrolysis reaction was carried out at 15 C. The hydrolysis reaction in hGBP1 is believed to involve with a number of catalytic steps.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	guanylate binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	26-31
22859948-6	2012	Denaturation studies of different catalytic complexes show that unlike other complexes the free energy of GDP-bound hGBP1 decreases significantly at lower temperature.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	guanylate binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	116-121
22666423-2	2012	ARF6 operates by cycling between GDP-bound (inactive) and GTP-bound (active) forms and is a potential regulator of GPCR-mediated uterine activity during pregnancy and labour.	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-36	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	0-4
22606262-4	2012	The endosomal recruitment of Shoc2 was blocked by overexpression of a GDP-bound H-RAS (N17S) mutant and RNAi knockdown of clathrin, suggesting the requirement of RAS activity and clathrin-dependent endocytosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	SHOC2 leucine rich repeat scaffold protein	Homo sapiens	29-34
22545079-9	2012	With 12-weekly CD4 monitoring from year 2 on ART, low-cost second-line ART, but without toxicity monitoring, CD4 test costs need to fall below $3.78 to become cost-effective (<3xper-capita GDP, following WHO benchmarks).	Guanosine Diphosphate	192-195	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	15-18
22545079-9	2012	With 12-weekly CD4 monitoring from year 2 on ART, low-cost second-line ART, but without toxicity monitoring, CD4 test costs need to fall below $3.78 to become cost-effective (<3xper-capita GDP, following WHO benchmarks).	Guanosine Diphosphate	192-195	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	109-112
22545127-7	2012	Moreover, our analysis of Rab20 mutant expression revealed that the maturation of phagosomes was significantly delayed in cells expressing the GDP-bound mutant Rab20-T19N.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	RAB20, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	26-31
22545127-7	2012	Moreover, our analysis of Rab20 mutant expression revealed that the maturation of phagosomes was significantly delayed in cells expressing the GDP-bound mutant Rab20-T19N.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	RAB20, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	160-165
22363657-4	2012	RHGF-2 RhoGEF activity is specific to the C. elegans RhoA homolog RHO-1 as determined by direct binding, GDP/GTP exchange and serum response element-driven reporter activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	DH domain-containing protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	0-6
22363657-4	2012	RHGF-2 RhoGEF activity is specific to the C. elegans RhoA homolog RHO-1 as determined by direct binding, GDP/GTP exchange and serum response element-driven reporter activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	53-57
22363657-4	2012	RHGF-2 RhoGEF activity is specific to the C. elegans RhoA homolog RHO-1 as determined by direct binding, GDP/GTP exchange and serum response element-driven reporter activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	Ras-like GTP-binding protein rhoA	Caenorhabditis elegans	66-71
22106281-1	2011	We have discovered that the enzyme phospholipase D2 (PLD2) binds directly to the small GTPase Rac2, resulting in PLD2 functioning as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), because it switches Rac2 from the GDP-bound to the GTP-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	211-214	phospholipase D2	Homo sapiens	53-57
22106281-1	2011	We have discovered that the enzyme phospholipase D2 (PLD2) binds directly to the small GTPase Rac2, resulting in PLD2 functioning as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), because it switches Rac2 from the GDP-bound to the GTP-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	211-214	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	94-98
22106281-1	2011	We have discovered that the enzyme phospholipase D2 (PLD2) binds directly to the small GTPase Rac2, resulting in PLD2 functioning as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), because it switches Rac2 from the GDP-bound to the GTP-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	211-214	phospholipase D2	Homo sapiens	113-117
22106281-1	2011	We have discovered that the enzyme phospholipase D2 (PLD2) binds directly to the small GTPase Rac2, resulting in PLD2 functioning as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), because it switches Rac2 from the GDP-bound to the GTP-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	211-214	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	135-169
22106281-1	2011	We have discovered that the enzyme phospholipase D2 (PLD2) binds directly to the small GTPase Rac2, resulting in PLD2 functioning as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), because it switches Rac2 from the GDP-bound to the GTP-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	211-214	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	171-174
22106281-1	2011	We have discovered that the enzyme phospholipase D2 (PLD2) binds directly to the small GTPase Rac2, resulting in PLD2 functioning as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), because it switches Rac2 from the GDP-bound to the GTP-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	211-214	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	197-201
22106281-2	2011	This effect is large enough to be meaningful (~72% decrease for GDP dissociation and 300% increase for GTP association, both with PLD2), it has a half-time of ~7 min, is enhanced with increasing PLD2 concentrations, and compares favorably with other known GEFs, such as Vav-1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	phospholipase D2	Homo sapiens	130-134
22106281-2	2011	This effect is large enough to be meaningful (~72% decrease for GDP dissociation and 300% increase for GTP association, both with PLD2), it has a half-time of ~7 min, is enhanced with increasing PLD2 concentrations, and compares favorably with other known GEFs, such as Vav-1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	phospholipase D2	Homo sapiens	195-199
22106281-2	2011	This effect is large enough to be meaningful (~72% decrease for GDP dissociation and 300% increase for GTP association, both with PLD2), it has a half-time of ~7 min, is enhanced with increasing PLD2 concentrations, and compares favorably with other known GEFs, such as Vav-1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	270-275
21828338-7	2011	Of the two Cdc42 guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) proteins identified in beta cells, betaPix competed selectively with caveolin-1 (Cav-1) but not RhoGDI in coimmunoprecipitation and GST-Cdc42-GDP interaction assays.	Guanosine Diphosphate	207-210	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 7	Homo sapiens	100-107
22291894-1	2012	The GDI1 gene encodes alphaGDI, which retrieves inactive GDP-bound RAB from membranes to form a cytosolic pool awaiting vesicular release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	guanosine diphosphate (GDP) dissociation inhibitor 1	Mus musculus	4-8
22291894-1	2012	The GDI1 gene encodes alphaGDI, which retrieves inactive GDP-bound RAB from membranes to form a cytosolic pool awaiting vesicular release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	ArfGAP with FG repeats 1	Mus musculus	67-70
22065758-7	2011	Positional shifts in Rab residues required for nucleotide binding may lower its affinity for bound GDP, and a conformational change in switch I, which makes the nucleotide-binding pocket more solvent accessible, likely also facilitates exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	99-102	RAB35, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	21-24
21880739-4	2011	The non-receptor guanine nucleotide exchange factor Ric-8A can bind and act on the RGS14 Galpha(i1)-GDP complex to play a role in unconventional G protein signaling independent of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs).	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	52-58
21880739-4	2011	The non-receptor guanine nucleotide exchange factor Ric-8A can bind and act on the RGS14 Galpha(i1)-GDP complex to play a role in unconventional G protein signaling independent of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs).	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	regulator of G protein signaling 14	Homo sapiens	83-88
21880739-4	2011	The non-receptor guanine nucleotide exchange factor Ric-8A can bind and act on the RGS14 Galpha(i1)-GDP complex to play a role in unconventional G protein signaling independent of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs).	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	89-98
21787760-5	2011	The CDC25 and REM domains provide the catalytic activity of SOS1 towards Ras and the histone fold DH/PH (Dbl homology and Pleckstrin homology) domains function, in tandem, to stimulate GTP/GDP exchange for Rac.	Guanosine Diphosphate	189-192	cell division cycle 25C	Homo sapiens	4-9
21787760-5	2011	The CDC25 and REM domains provide the catalytic activity of SOS1 towards Ras and the histone fold DH/PH (Dbl homology and Pleckstrin homology) domains function, in tandem, to stimulate GTP/GDP exchange for Rac.	Guanosine Diphosphate	189-192	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	60-64
21787760-5	2011	The CDC25 and REM domains provide the catalytic activity of SOS1 towards Ras and the histone fold DH/PH (Dbl homology and Pleckstrin homology) domains function, in tandem, to stimulate GTP/GDP exchange for Rac.	Guanosine Diphosphate	189-192	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	206-209
22125264-0	2012	Possible involvement of GDI1 protein, a GDP dissociation inhibitor related to vesicle transport, in an amelioration of zinc toxicity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	Gdi1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	24-28
22125264-2	2012	A temperature-sensitive gdi1 mutant (originally called sec19), in which the GDP dissociation inhibitor becomes inactive at the non-permissive temperature (37  C), was more sensitive to Zn than its parental GDI1 strain at 32  C (a moderately non-permissive temperature).	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	Gdi1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	24-28
21998203-4	2011	The Ran-binding protein 1 (RanBP1), which indirectly accelerates Ran GTP   Ran GDP hydrolysis and promotes the dissociation of the Ran/importin complex, also localizes to basal bodies and cilia.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	RAN binding protein 1	Canis lupus familiaris	4-25
21998203-4	2011	The Ran-binding protein 1 (RanBP1), which indirectly accelerates Ran GTP   Ran GDP hydrolysis and promotes the dissociation of the Ran/importin complex, also localizes to basal bodies and cilia.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	RAN binding protein 1	Canis lupus familiaris	27-33
21998203-4	2011	The Ran-binding protein 1 (RanBP1), which indirectly accelerates Ran GTP   Ran GDP hydrolysis and promotes the dissociation of the Ran/importin complex, also localizes to basal bodies and cilia.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Canis lupus familiaris	4-7
21998203-4	2011	The Ran-binding protein 1 (RanBP1), which indirectly accelerates Ran GTP   Ran GDP hydrolysis and promotes the dissociation of the Ran/importin complex, also localizes to basal bodies and cilia.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Canis lupus familiaris	27-30
21998203-4	2011	The Ran-binding protein 1 (RanBP1), which indirectly accelerates Ran GTP   Ran GDP hydrolysis and promotes the dissociation of the Ran/importin complex, also localizes to basal bodies and cilia.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Canis lupus familiaris	27-30
22075848-1	2011	T lymphoma and metastasis gene 1 (Tiam1) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GNEF) that regulates the guanosine triphosphatase to facilitate the exchange of guanosine diphosphate for guanosine triphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	162-183	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	34-39
22075848-1	2011	T lymphoma and metastasis gene 1 (Tiam1) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GNEF) that regulates the guanosine triphosphatase to facilitate the exchange of guanosine diphosphate for guanosine triphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	162-183	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	46-80
22075848-1	2011	T lymphoma and metastasis gene 1 (Tiam1) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GNEF) that regulates the guanosine triphosphatase to facilitate the exchange of guanosine diphosphate for guanosine triphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	162-183	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	82-86
22084092-1	2011	Brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein (BIG) 1 activates class I ADP ribosylation factors (ARFs) by accelerating the replacement of bound GDP with GTP to initiate recruitment of coat proteins for membrane vesicle formation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	157-160	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-65
22105346-8	2011	Ajuba bound directly to Rac GDP or Rac GTP, but phosphorylated Ajuba interacted preferentially with active Rac.	Guanosine Diphosphate	28-31	ajuba LIM protein	Homo sapiens	0-5
21988058-0	2011	Structural transitions of translation initiation factor IF2 upon GDPNP and GDP binding in solution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	56-59
21988058-9	2011	The p(r) function indicated an elongated conformation supported by radii of gyration of 40.1 and 44.9 A and maximum dimensions of ~125 and ~150 A for IF2C with GDPNP and GDP, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	160-163	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	150-154
21988058-10	2011	The SAXS data were used to model the structure of IF2C bound to either GDPNP or GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	50-54
21762718-6	2011	We recently found that Rab27a also possesses the GDP-dependent effector coronin 3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	23-29
21762718-6	2011	We recently found that Rab27a also possesses the GDP-dependent effector coronin 3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	coronin 1C	Homo sapiens	72-81
21828055-8	2011	Our structural, cell biological, and biochemical findings identify loop>J as a key regulatory motif essential for ARF binding and GDP to GTP exchange by GEFs and provide evidence for the requirement of membrane association during GEF activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	156-159
22002721-4	2011	Here we report the structure of fully modified farnesylated Rheb-GDP in complex with PDEdelta.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding	Homo sapiens	60-64
21816819-1	2011	PDZRhoGEF (PRG) belongs to a small family of RhoA-specific nucleotide exchange factors that mediates signaling through select G-protein-coupled receptors via Galpha(12/13) and activates RhoA by catalyzing the exchange of GDP to GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	221-224	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11	Homo sapiens	0-9
21816819-1	2011	PDZRhoGEF (PRG) belongs to a small family of RhoA-specific nucleotide exchange factors that mediates signaling through select G-protein-coupled receptors via Galpha(12/13) and activates RhoA by catalyzing the exchange of GDP to GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	221-224	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	45-49
21816819-1	2011	PDZRhoGEF (PRG) belongs to a small family of RhoA-specific nucleotide exchange factors that mediates signaling through select G-protein-coupled receptors via Galpha(12/13) and activates RhoA by catalyzing the exchange of GDP to GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	221-224	G protein subunit alpha 12	Homo sapiens	158-170
21816819-1	2011	PDZRhoGEF (PRG) belongs to a small family of RhoA-specific nucleotide exchange factors that mediates signaling through select G-protein-coupled receptors via Galpha(12/13) and activates RhoA by catalyzing the exchange of GDP to GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	221-224	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	186-190
21824007-7	2011	We solved the crystal structure of a Sept7 dimer in the GDP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	septin 7	Homo sapiens	37-42
22024479-4	2011	We describe the crystal structures of GTP and GDP forms of Ypt32 to understand the molecular basis for Rab function.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	Rab family GTPase YPT32	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	59-64
22024479-6	2011	Also, Ypt32(GDP) reveals a remarkable change in conformation of the switch II helix induced by binding to GDI, which has not been described previously.	Guanosine Diphosphate	12-15	Rab family GTPase YPT32	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	6-11
21956331-6	2011	Together with X-ray crystallographic and electron microscopic data of the beta(2)AR-Gs complex (from refs 2, 3), we provide a rationale for a mechanism of nucleotide exchange, whereby the receptor perturbs the structure of the amino-terminal region of the alpha-subunit of Gs and consequently alters the "P-loop" that binds the beta-phosphate in GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	346-349	adrenoceptor beta 2	Homo sapiens	74-83
21856246-6	2011	Interestingly, Lgl1 interacted with and activated Rab10, a small GTPase that mediates membrane protein trafficking, by releasing GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) from Rab10.	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	LLGL scribble cell polarity complex component 1	Homo sapiens	15-19
21856246-6	2011	Interestingly, Lgl1 interacted with and activated Rab10, a small GTPase that mediates membrane protein trafficking, by releasing GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) from Rab10.	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	RAB10, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	50-55
21856246-6	2011	Interestingly, Lgl1 interacted with and activated Rab10, a small GTPase that mediates membrane protein trafficking, by releasing GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) from Rab10.	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	RAB10, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	167-172
21665947-1	2011	Translation elongation in eukaryotes is mediated by the concerted actions of elongation factor 1A (eEF1A), which delivers aminoacylated tRNA to the ribosome; elongation factor 1B (eEF1B) complex, which catalyzes the exchange of GDP to GTP on eEF1A; and eEF2, which facilitates ribosomal translocation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	228-231	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	99-104
21665947-1	2011	Translation elongation in eukaryotes is mediated by the concerted actions of elongation factor 1A (eEF1A), which delivers aminoacylated tRNA to the ribosome; elongation factor 1B (eEF1B) complex, which catalyzes the exchange of GDP to GTP on eEF1A; and eEF2, which facilitates ribosomal translocation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	228-231	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2 pseudogene 2	Homo sapiens	180-185
21599854-5	2011	Tetracycline inhibits protein synthesis catalysed by elongation factor 1alpha from S. solfataricus; this is accompanied by an increase in the GDP/GTP exchange rate and a slight inhibition of the intrinsic GTPase, suggesting that a main effect of the antibiotic was exerted on the GTP-bound form of the enzyme.	Guanosine Diphosphate	142-145	Hsp20/alpha crystallin family protein	Saccharolobus solfataricus	53-77
22446552-0	2011	Cell motility:  The necessity of Rac1 GDP/GTP flux.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
22446552-4	2011	In our recent study, we show that Rac1 needs to cycle between the GDP and GTP states in order to efficiently control cell motility.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	34-38
22022247-4	2011	Grb2 mediates the recruitment of Sos1 from the cytosol to the plasma membrane where it activates Ras by inducing the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
22022247-4	2011	Grb2 mediates the recruitment of Sos1 from the cytosol to the plasma membrane where it activates Ras by inducing the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
21478909-7	2011	Using biochemical approaches, we demonstrated that the GDP-bound form of ARF1 directly interacted with pRB, but not other members of this family of proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	73-77
21478909-7	2011	Using biochemical approaches, we demonstrated that the GDP-bound form of ARF1 directly interacted with pRB, but not other members of this family of proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	RB transcriptional corepressor 1	Homo sapiens	103-106
21549598-4	2011	Studies with a panel of five sensor analogs revealed a derivative that exhibits a 32-fold increase in fluorescence intensity in the presence of activated Cdc42 compared to incubation with the inactive GDP-bound form of the protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	201-204	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	154-159
21873980-1	2011	The activation of the Rac1 GTPase during cell signalling entails its translocation from the cytosol to membranes, release from sequestering Rho GDP dissociation inhibitors (RhoGDI), and GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	22-26
21441953-5	2011	Moreover, in vitro guanine nucleotide exchange assays confirm that hRgr promotes Ral and Ras activation through GDP dissociation, which is a critical characteristic of GEF proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	retinal G protein coupled receptor	Homo sapiens	67-71
21441953-5	2011	Moreover, in vitro guanine nucleotide exchange assays confirm that hRgr promotes Ral and Ras activation through GDP dissociation, which is a critical characteristic of GEF proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	81-84
21765214-8	2011	Finally, we confirmed the key role of Rac1 in modulating salt susceptibility in mice lacking Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor alpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	38-42
21712387-5	2011	UNC119 was capable of interacting with Galpha(t1)GDP as well as with heterotrimeric transducin (G(t)).	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	unc-119 lipid binding chaperone	Homo sapiens	0-6
21712387-5	2011	UNC119 was capable of interacting with Galpha(t1)GDP as well as with heterotrimeric transducin (G(t)).	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	interleukin 1 receptor like 1	Homo sapiens	39-48
21501366-8	2011	This interaction was confirmed by GST-pull-down with the GDP-bound form of Rab2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	RAB2A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	75-79
21652628-5	2011	In addition, the activity of RHD3 on the tubular ER is specifically correlated with the cellular distribution and motility of Golgi stacks because ER to Golgi as well as Golgi to plasma membrane transport was not affected by RHD3 mutations in the conserved GDP/GTP motifs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	257-260	Root hair defective 3 GTP-binding protein (RHD3)	Arabidopsis thaliana	29-33
21525372-1	2011	Synaptic GTPase-activating protein (SynGAP) is a neuronal-specific Ras/Rap-GAP that increases the hydrolysis rate of GTP to GDP, converting Ras/Rap from the active into the inactive form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	synaptic Ras GTPase activating protein 1 homolog (rat)	Mus musculus	36-42
21525372-1	2011	Synaptic GTPase-activating protein (SynGAP) is a neuronal-specific Ras/Rap-GAP that increases the hydrolysis rate of GTP to GDP, converting Ras/Rap from the active into the inactive form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein associated protein 1	Mus musculus	71-74
21525372-1	2011	Synaptic GTPase-activating protein (SynGAP) is a neuronal-specific Ras/Rap-GAP that increases the hydrolysis rate of GTP to GDP, converting Ras/Rap from the active into the inactive form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein associated protein 1	Mus musculus	144-147
21653881-8	2011	Amounts of cell-surface and total EGFR were higher in KO-GDP and lower in KO-GTP than in KO-WT MEFs, with levels in both mutants greater (p = 0.001) after proteasomal inhibition.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	epidermal growth factor receptor	Mus musculus	34-38
21523371-3	2011	In this article, we determined that Arf6 proteins both in the GDP and GTPgammaS bound forms can enter cells when simply added in the cell culture medium without requiring the myristoyl group.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	36-40
21523371-4	2011	The GTPgammaS bound can enter cells at a faster rate than the GDP-bound Arf6.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	72-76
21554507-12	2011	However, the identification of Rab27a mutants that undergo efficient GDP/GTP exchange in the presence of Rab3GEP in vitro but are mis-targeted in a cellular context indicates that nucleotide loading is not the sole determinant of subcellular targeting of Rab27a.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	31-37
21742265-6	2011	Given the dynamics of the conformational changes, we can describe the Arl8 GTP/GDP cycle in terms of an energy diagram.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 5B	Homo sapiens	70-74
21586568-1	2011	The small GTPase Rab5, which cycles between GDP-bound inactive and GTP-bound active forms, plays essential roles in membrane budding and trafficking in the early endocytic pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	17-21
21439300-5	2011	Furthermore, the rate-limiting step of Rac1 activation is predicted to be conversion of Rac-GDP to Rac-GTP, rather than activation of upstream components.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	39-43
21690399-5	2011	Drosophila atlastin dimerizes in the presence of GTPgammaS but is monomeric with GDP or without nucleotide.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	atlastin	Drosophila melanogaster	11-19
21795785-3	2011	The GDP-bound inactive protein undergoes conformational changes when the nucleotide is exchanged to GTP, allowing Rab6 to interact with a variety of different effector proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	Rab6	Drosophila melanogaster	114-118
21628579-2	2011	alpha binds NDP substrates (CDP, UDP, ADP, and GDP, C site) as well as ATP and dNTPs (dATP, dGTP, TTP) allosteric effectors that control enzyme activity (A site) and substrate specificity (S site).	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	norrin cystine knot growth factor NDP	Homo sapiens	12-15
21492894-1	2011	An interaction between the Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) 126kDa replication protein and a host-encoded Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI2) was identified and investigated for its role in infection.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	GDP dissociation inhibitor 2	Homo sapiens	132-136
21520330-6	2011	We also found that Rab3d is co-localized with Noggin and that this interaction is dependent on the GTP/GDP cycle of Rab3d.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	RAB3D, member RAS oncogene family S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	19-24
21419809-6	2011	Rinl preferentially binds to nucleotide-free Rab5a and catalyzes the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	Ras and Rab interactor like	Homo sapiens	0-4
21419809-7	2011	Moreover, Rinl also binds GDP-bound Rab22 and increases the GDP/GTP exchange implicating Rinl in endocytotic processes regulated by Rab5a and Rab22.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	Ras and Rab interactor like	Homo sapiens	10-14
21419809-7	2011	Moreover, Rinl also binds GDP-bound Rab22 and increases the GDP/GTP exchange implicating Rinl in endocytotic processes regulated by Rab5a and Rab22.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	RAB22A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	36-41
21419809-7	2011	Moreover, Rinl also binds GDP-bound Rab22 and increases the GDP/GTP exchange implicating Rinl in endocytotic processes regulated by Rab5a and Rab22.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	RAB22A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	142-147
21419809-7	2011	Moreover, Rinl also binds GDP-bound Rab22 and increases the GDP/GTP exchange implicating Rinl in endocytotic processes regulated by Rab5a and Rab22.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	Ras and Rab interactor like	Homo sapiens	10-14
21419809-7	2011	Moreover, Rinl also binds GDP-bound Rab22 and increases the GDP/GTP exchange implicating Rinl in endocytotic processes regulated by Rab5a and Rab22.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	Ras and Rab interactor like	Homo sapiens	89-93
21419809-7	2011	Moreover, Rinl also binds GDP-bound Rab22 and increases the GDP/GTP exchange implicating Rinl in endocytotic processes regulated by Rab5a and Rab22.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	RAB22A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	142-147
21520330-6	2011	We also found that Rab3d is co-localized with Noggin and that this interaction is dependent on the GTP/GDP cycle of Rab3d.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	noggin S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	46-52
21520330-6	2011	We also found that Rab3d is co-localized with Noggin and that this interaction is dependent on the GTP/GDP cycle of Rab3d.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	RAB3D, member RAS oncogene family S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	116-121
20333733-2	2011	Kalirin-7 (Kal7), the major isoform of Kalirin in the adult hippocampus, is a Rho GDP/GTP exchange factor localized to postsynaptic densities.	Guanosine Diphosphate	82-85	kalirin, RhoGEF kinase	Rattus norvegicus	0-7
21399874-1	2011	RAPGEF1 (also known as C3G and GRF2) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that releases GDP from the inactive Rap1 protein, facilitating its subsequent activation by the binding of GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-7
20333733-2	2011	Kalirin-7 (Kal7), the major isoform of Kalirin in the adult hippocampus, is a Rho GDP/GTP exchange factor localized to postsynaptic densities.	Guanosine Diphosphate	82-85	kalirin, RhoGEF kinase	Rattus norvegicus	39-46
21399874-1	2011	RAPGEF1 (also known as C3G and GRF2) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that releases GDP from the inactive Rap1 protein, facilitating its subsequent activation by the binding of GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	23-26
21399874-1	2011	RAPGEF1 (also known as C3G and GRF2) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that releases GDP from the inactive Rap1 protein, facilitating its subsequent activation by the binding of GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	31-35
21399874-1	2011	RAPGEF1 (also known as C3G and GRF2) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that releases GDP from the inactive Rap1 protein, facilitating its subsequent activation by the binding of GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	RAB guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	113-117
21517092-8	2011	By screening a library of potential cytohesin inhibitors, predicted by in silico modeling, we identified new inhibitors for the cytohesin-catalyzed GDP/GTP exchange on ARF1 and verified their increased potency in a cell proliferation assay.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	168-172
21534562-0	2011	Free energy simulations of a GTPase: GTP and GDP binding to archaeal initiation factor 2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	transcription termination factor 2	Homo sapiens	80-88
21517092-5	2011	GDP-to-GTP exchange, i.e., GTPase activation, is catalyzed by the guanine nucleotide exchange factor cytohesin-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	cytohesin 2	Homo sapiens	101-112
21501659-4	2011	The protein product of the Nf1 gene is neurofibromin, a guanosine triphosphatase-activating protein (GAP) for p21ras (Ras) that accelerates the conversion of active Ras-GTP to inactive Ras-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	189-192	neurofibromin 1	Mus musculus	27-30
21501659-4	2011	The protein product of the Nf1 gene is neurofibromin, a guanosine triphosphatase-activating protein (GAP) for p21ras (Ras) that accelerates the conversion of active Ras-GTP to inactive Ras-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	189-192	neurofibromin 1	Mus musculus	39-52
21501659-4	2011	The protein product of the Nf1 gene is neurofibromin, a guanosine triphosphatase-activating protein (GAP) for p21ras (Ras) that accelerates the conversion of active Ras-GTP to inactive Ras-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	189-192	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	110-116
21738498-3	2011	However, important aspects of how Cb"s GDP/GTP-exchange activity, structure, and regulation contribute to gephyrin and GABA(A)R clustering, as well as its role in synaptic plasticity, remain poorly understood.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor 9	Homo sapiens	34-36
21295139-2	2011	The mechanism of tissue specificity and mtDNA depletion is elusive but complementation by the GDP-dependent isoform encoded by SUCLG2, and the association with mitochondrial nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK), is a plausible link.	Guanosine Diphosphate	94-97	succinate-CoA ligase GDP-forming subunit beta	Homo sapiens	127-133
21378159-9	2011	Furthermore, PLD2 bound more efficiently to Rac2-GTP than to Rac2-GDP or to a GDP-constitutive Rac2-N17 mutant.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	phospholipase D2	Homo sapiens	13-17
21378159-9	2011	Furthermore, PLD2 bound more efficiently to Rac2-GTP than to Rac2-GDP or to a GDP-constitutive Rac2-N17 mutant.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	61-65
21378159-9	2011	Furthermore, PLD2 bound more efficiently to Rac2-GTP than to Rac2-GDP or to a GDP-constitutive Rac2-N17 mutant.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	61-65
21378159-9	2011	Furthermore, PLD2 bound more efficiently to Rac2-GTP than to Rac2-GDP or to a GDP-constitutive Rac2-N17 mutant.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	phospholipase D2	Homo sapiens	13-17
21389113-9	2011	We demonstrate that Roy1 interacts with guanosine 5"-diphosphate-bound and nucleotide-free Ypt52 and thereby inhibits the formation of guanosine 5"-triphosphate-bound, active Ypt52.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-64	Roy1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	20-24
21389113-9	2011	We demonstrate that Roy1 interacts with guanosine 5"-diphosphate-bound and nucleotide-free Ypt52 and thereby inhibits the formation of guanosine 5"-triphosphate-bound, active Ypt52.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-64	Rab family GTPase YPT52	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	91-96
21389113-9	2011	We demonstrate that Roy1 interacts with guanosine 5"-diphosphate-bound and nucleotide-free Ypt52 and thereby inhibits the formation of guanosine 5"-triphosphate-bound, active Ypt52.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-64	Rab family GTPase YPT52	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	175-180
21346189-4	2011	We observed that an alteration of the Arf6-guanosine 5"-diphosphate/guanosine 5"-triphosphate (GTP/GDP) cycle, by GDP-bound or GTP-bound inactive mutants or by specific Arf6 silencing, inhibited HIV-1 envelope-induced membrane fusion, entry, and infection of T lymphocytes and permissive cells, regardless of viral tropism.	Guanosine Diphosphate	99-102	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	38-42
21291503-2	2011	The first step of COPII vesicle formation involves conversion of Sar1p-GDP to Sar1p-GTP by guanine-nucleotide-exchange factor (GEF) Sec12p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	Sar family guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC12	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	132-138
21375271-2	2011	After activation, receptors interact with heterotrimeric G proteins and catalyze GDP release from the Galpha subunit, the rate limiting step in G protein activation, to form a high affinity nucleotide-free GPCR-G protein complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	102-108
21325279-8	2011	Finally, we show that AtGPA1 is less stable in complex with GDP than in complex with GTP or the Gbetagamma dimer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	G protein alpha subunit 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	22-28
21346189-4	2011	We observed that an alteration of the Arf6-guanosine 5"-diphosphate/guanosine 5"-triphosphate (GTP/GDP) cycle, by GDP-bound or GTP-bound inactive mutants or by specific Arf6 silencing, inhibited HIV-1 envelope-induced membrane fusion, entry, and infection of T lymphocytes and permissive cells, regardless of viral tropism.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	38-42
21111786-6	2011	The RasGrf proteins exhibit modular structures composed by multiple domains including CDC25H and DHPH motifs responsible for promoting GDP/GTP exchange, respectively, on Ras or Rho GTPase targets.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	4-10
21242305-4	2011	Consistent with the well known properties of GEFs, this activation is catalytic, and SmgGDS preferentially binds to nucleotide-depleted RhoA relative to either GDP- or GTPgammaS-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	160-163	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	85-91
21494904-1	2011	The guanine-nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) RalGPS1a activates small GTPase Ral proteins such as RalA and RalB by stimulating the exchange of Ral bound GDP to GTP, thus regulating various downstream cellular processes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	40-43
21494904-1	2011	The guanine-nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) RalGPS1a activates small GTPase Ral proteins such as RalA and RalB by stimulating the exchange of Ral bound GDP to GTP, thus regulating various downstream cellular processes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	Ral GEF with PH domain and SH3 binding motif 1	Homo sapiens	45-53
21494904-1	2011	The guanine-nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) RalGPS1a activates small GTPase Ral proteins such as RalA and RalB by stimulating the exchange of Ral bound GDP to GTP, thus regulating various downstream cellular processes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	45-48
21494904-1	2011	The guanine-nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) RalGPS1a activates small GTPase Ral proteins such as RalA and RalB by stimulating the exchange of Ral bound GDP to GTP, thus regulating various downstream cellular processes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	98-102
21494904-1	2011	The guanine-nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) RalGPS1a activates small GTPase Ral proteins such as RalA and RalB by stimulating the exchange of Ral bound GDP to GTP, thus regulating various downstream cellular processes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	77-80
21456702-8	2011	The model is applied to example proteins, Ras, calmodulin, and CheY: Ras undergoes the allosteric transition between guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound and guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound forms, and the model results show that the GDP-bound form is stabilized enough to prevent unnecessary signal transmission, but the conformation in the GTP-bound state bears large fluctuation in side-chain configurations, which may help to bind multiple target proteins for multiple pathways of signaling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	117-138	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	47-57
21456702-8	2011	The model is applied to example proteins, Ras, calmodulin, and CheY: Ras undergoes the allosteric transition between guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound and guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound forms, and the model results show that the GDP-bound form is stabilized enough to prevent unnecessary signal transmission, but the conformation in the GTP-bound state bears large fluctuation in side-chain configurations, which may help to bind multiple target proteins for multiple pathways of signaling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	47-57
21456702-8	2011	The model is applied to example proteins, Ras, calmodulin, and CheY: Ras undergoes the allosteric transition between guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound and guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound forms, and the model results show that the GDP-bound form is stabilized enough to prevent unnecessary signal transmission, but the conformation in the GTP-bound state bears large fluctuation in side-chain configurations, which may help to bind multiple target proteins for multiple pathways of signaling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	233-236	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	47-57
21299245-3	2011	The present investigation suggests that NAC can be employed as an adjuvant added into the high-glucose compartment of neutral-pH type PDFs (N-PDF) to reduce GDP-mediated peritoneal membrane failure in patients on long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD) treatment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	157-160	X-linked Kx blood group	Homo sapiens	40-43
20958290-12	2011	GDP binding reveals differences in action of agonists versus inverse agonists as well as differences in activation of G(i/o) versus G(s/olf) G-proteins that are not identified by conventional GTPgammaS binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	transmembrane O-mannosyltransferase targeting cadherins 1	Homo sapiens	136-139
21212187-6	2011	RESULTS: GTM3 cells cultured in the presence of lovastatin exhibited a loss of actin stress fiber organization concomitant with a marked accumulation of cytosolic inactive (GDP-bound) Rho G-proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	173-176	glutathione S-transferase mu 3	Homo sapiens	9-13
21483212-7	2011	RESULTS: In males in the age-bands 35-44 years, 45-54 years and 55-64 years there was a statistically significant curvilinear (inverted U-shaped curve) relationship with GDP and fitted the quadratic equation Y = A + BX - CX2; this relationship was absent in males in the age-bands 15-24 years and 25-34 years.	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-173	interleukin 17C	Homo sapiens	221-224
21152913-8	2011	EF-Tu:GDP complex acquired a configuration different from that found in the crystal structure of EF-Tu with a GTP analogue, showing conformational changes in the switch I and II regions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	6-9	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	0-5
21152913-8	2011	EF-Tu:GDP complex acquired a configuration different from that found in the crystal structure of EF-Tu with a GTP analogue, showing conformational changes in the switch I and II regions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	6-9	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	97-102
21187662-7	2011	Since glucose converts Rab27a from the GTP- to GDP-bound form, we suggested that Rab27a plays a crucial role in stimulus-endocytosis coupling in pancreatic beta-cells, and that this is the key molecule for membrane recycling of insulin granules.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	23-29
21187662-7	2011	Since glucose converts Rab27a from the GTP- to GDP-bound form, we suggested that Rab27a plays a crucial role in stimulus-endocytosis coupling in pancreatic beta-cells, and that this is the key molecule for membrane recycling of insulin granules.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	81-87
21187662-7	2011	Since glucose converts Rab27a from the GTP- to GDP-bound form, we suggested that Rab27a plays a crucial role in stimulus-endocytosis coupling in pancreatic beta-cells, and that this is the key molecule for membrane recycling of insulin granules.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	insulin	Homo sapiens	228-235
21187662-8	2011	In this review, we provide an overview of the roles of Rab27a and its GTP- and GDP-dependent effectors in the insulin secretory pathway of pancreatic beta-cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	55-61
21187662-8	2011	In this review, we provide an overview of the roles of Rab27a and its GTP- and GDP-dependent effectors in the insulin secretory pathway of pancreatic beta-cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	insulin	Homo sapiens	110-117
20980241-3	2011	We have identified a substitution mutation (G388D) that reduces the activity of the GMP synthase Gua1 in budding yeast and the total G-nucleotide pool, leading to precipitous reductions in the GDP/GTP ratio and ATP level in vivo.	Guanosine Diphosphate	193-196	GMP synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing)	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	97-101
21070854-0	2011	WNT-5A stimulates the GDP/GTP exchange at pertussis toxin-sensitive heterotrimeric G proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	22-25	Wnt family member 5A	Homo sapiens	0-6
21070854-3	2011	We continue to show that WNT-5A stimulation of N13 membranes and permeabilized cells evokes the exchange of GDP for GTP of pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins employing [gamma-(35)S]GTP assay and activity state-specific antibodies to GTP-bound G(i) proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	Wnt family member 5A	Homo sapiens	25-31
21779500-3	2011	Mechanistically, the Sos proteins function as enzymatic factors interacting with Ras proteins in response to upstream stimuli to promote guanine nucleotide exchange (GDP/GTP) and subsequent formation of the active Ras-GTP complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	166-169	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	21-24
21390270-3	2011	For all the considered systems, the intrinsic flexibility of S(GDP) was higher than that of S(GTP), suggesting that Guanine Exchange Factor (GEF) recognition and nucleotide switch require higher amplitude motions than effector recognition or GTP hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	116-139
21390270-3	2011	For all the considered systems, the intrinsic flexibility of S(GDP) was higher than that of S(GTP), suggesting that Guanine Exchange Factor (GEF) recognition and nucleotide switch require higher amplitude motions than effector recognition or GTP hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	141-144
21390270-5	2011	Indeed, S(GDP) of Galpha(t), is characterized by a more extensive energy coupling between nucleotide binding site and distal regions involved in GEF recognition compared to small G proteins, which attenuates in the active state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	10-13	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	18-24
21390270-5	2011	Indeed, S(GDP) of Galpha(t), is characterized by a more extensive energy coupling between nucleotide binding site and distal regions involved in GEF recognition compared to small G proteins, which attenuates in the active state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	10-13	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	145-148
21390270-9	2011	Collectively, nucleotide binding changes the information flow through the conserved Ras-like domain, where GDP enhances the flexibility of mechanically distinct portions involved in nucleotide switch, and favors long distance allosteric communication (in Galpha proteins), compared to GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	255-261
21158412-3	2011	Unlike other RGS proteins, RGS14 also contains a G protein regulatory (also known as GoLoco) domain that binds Galphai1/3-GDP in cells and in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	regulator of G protein signaling 14	Homo sapiens	27-32
21158412-4	2011	Here we report that Ric-8A, a nonreceptor guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), functionally interacts with the RGS14-Galphai1-GDP signaling complex to regulate its activation state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	20-26
21158412-4	2011	Here we report that Ric-8A, a nonreceptor guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), functionally interacts with the RGS14-Galphai1-GDP signaling complex to regulate its activation state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	42-76
21158412-4	2011	Here we report that Ric-8A, a nonreceptor guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), functionally interacts with the RGS14-Galphai1-GDP signaling complex to regulate its activation state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	78-81
21158412-4	2011	Here we report that Ric-8A, a nonreceptor guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), functionally interacts with the RGS14-Galphai1-GDP signaling complex to regulate its activation state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	regulator of G protein signaling 14	Homo sapiens	116-121
21158412-6	2011	Consistent with this idea, Ric-8A stimulates dissociation of the RGS14-Galphai1-GDP complex in cells and in vitro using purified proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	27-33
21158412-6	2011	Consistent with this idea, Ric-8A stimulates dissociation of the RGS14-Galphai1-GDP complex in cells and in vitro using purified proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	regulator of G protein signaling 14	Homo sapiens	65-70
21158412-7	2011	Purified Ric-8A stimulates dissociation of the RGS14-Galphai1-GDP complex to form a stable Ric-8A-Galphai complex in the absence of GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	9-15
21158412-7	2011	Purified Ric-8A stimulates dissociation of the RGS14-Galphai1-GDP complex to form a stable Ric-8A-Galphai complex in the absence of GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	regulator of G protein signaling 14	Homo sapiens	47-52
21158412-7	2011	Purified Ric-8A stimulates dissociation of the RGS14-Galphai1-GDP complex to form a stable Ric-8A-Galphai complex in the absence of GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	91-97
21158412-8	2011	In the presence of an activating nucleotide, Ric-8A interacts with the RGS14-Galphai1-GDP complex to stimulate both the steady-state GTPase activity of Galphai1 and binding of GTP to Galphai1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	45-51
21158412-8	2011	In the presence of an activating nucleotide, Ric-8A interacts with the RGS14-Galphai1-GDP complex to stimulate both the steady-state GTPase activity of Galphai1 and binding of GTP to Galphai1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	regulator of G protein signaling 14	Homo sapiens	71-76
21118813-2	2011	Arno has a catalytic Sec7 domain, which promotes GDP to GTP exchange on Arf, followed by a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	cytohesin 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
20838377-6	2011	Here, we show that the guanine nucleotide-bound state of eEF1A regulates its ability to activate SK1, with eEF1A.GDP, but not eEF1A.GTP, enhancing SK1 activity in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	sphingosine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	147-150
20838377-5	2011	Notably, eEF1A has GTPase activity and can exist in GTP- or GDP-bound forms, which are associated with distinct structural conformations of the protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	9-14
20838377-6	2011	Here, we show that the guanine nucleotide-bound state of eEF1A regulates its ability to activate SK1, with eEF1A.GDP, but not eEF1A.GTP, enhancing SK1 activity in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	57-62
20838377-6	2011	Here, we show that the guanine nucleotide-bound state of eEF1A regulates its ability to activate SK1, with eEF1A.GDP, but not eEF1A.GTP, enhancing SK1 activity in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	sphingosine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	97-100
20838377-6	2011	Here, we show that the guanine nucleotide-bound state of eEF1A regulates its ability to activate SK1, with eEF1A.GDP, but not eEF1A.GTP, enhancing SK1 activity in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	107-112
20838377-6	2011	Here, we show that the guanine nucleotide-bound state of eEF1A regulates its ability to activate SK1, with eEF1A.GDP, but not eEF1A.GTP, enhancing SK1 activity in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	107-112
20838377-7	2011	Furthermore, we show that enhancing cellular eEF1A.GDP levels through expression of a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor of eEF1A, translationally controlled tumour protein (TCTP), increased SK1 activity in cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	45-50
20838377-7	2011	Furthermore, we show that enhancing cellular eEF1A.GDP levels through expression of a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor of eEF1A, translationally controlled tumour protein (TCTP), increased SK1 activity in cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	131-136
20838377-7	2011	Furthermore, we show that enhancing cellular eEF1A.GDP levels through expression of a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor of eEF1A, translationally controlled tumour protein (TCTP), increased SK1 activity in cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	tumor protein, translationally-controlled 1	Homo sapiens	181-185
20838377-7	2011	Furthermore, we show that enhancing cellular eEF1A.GDP levels through expression of a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor of eEF1A, translationally controlled tumour protein (TCTP), increased SK1 activity in cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	sphingosine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	198-201
22649356-7	2011	Rab proteins act as molecular switches that alternate between a cytosolic GDP-bound, inactive form and a membrane-associated GTP-bound, active conformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	RAB18, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-3
21483212-8	2011	In females in the age-bands 45-54 years and 55-64 years there was a statistically significant curvilinear with GDP (inverted U-shaped curve) and fitted the quadratic equation Y = A + BX - CX2; this relationship was absent in females in the age-bands 15-24 years, 25-34 years and 35-44 years.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	interleukin 17C	Homo sapiens	188-191
21142871-2	2011	Structural and biochemical analyses of human GBP-1 subsequently demonstrated that the GBPs are a unique subfamily of guanosine triphosphatase (GTPases) that hydrolyze guanosine triphosphate (GTP) to both guanosine diphosphate (GDP) and GMP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	204-225	guanylate binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	45-50
21142871-2	2011	Structural and biochemical analyses of human GBP-1 subsequently demonstrated that the GBPs are a unique subfamily of guanosine triphosphatase (GTPases) that hydrolyze guanosine triphosphate (GTP) to both guanosine diphosphate (GDP) and GMP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	227-230	guanylate binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	45-50
21327297-5	2011	Knockdown of S100P led to downregulation of thioredoxin 1 and beta-tubulin and upregulation of Rho guanosine diphosphate (GDP) dissociation inhibitor alpha (RhoGDIA), all potential therapeutic targets in cancer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	S100 calcium binding protein P	Homo sapiens	13-18
20571097-9	2011	Over time, the expression of E-cadherin also decreased in the standard but increased in the low-GDP group.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	cadherin 1	Homo sapiens	29-39
20571097-10	2011	In addition, the levels of EMT-associated molecules (fibronectin, VEGF and IL-8) increased in the standard but decreased in the low-GDP group.	Guanosine Diphosphate	132-135	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	75-79
21853086-1	2011	Heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunits are activated upon exchange of GDP for GTP at the nucleotide binding site of Galpha, catalyzed by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	117-123
21853086-5	2011	To gain insight into the mechanism of Ric-8A-catalyzed GDP release from Galphai1, experiments were conducted to characterize the physical state of nucleotide-free Galphai1 (hereafter referred to as Galphai1[ ]) in solution, both as a monomeric species, and in the complex with Ric-8A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	38-44
21853086-6	2011	We found that Ric-8A-bound, nucleotide-free Galphai1 is more accessible to trypsinolysis than Galphai1 GDP, but less so than Galphai1[ ] alone.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	14-20
21858031-4	2011	Here we extensively test this hypothesis by measuring LRRK2 phosphorylation activity under influence of GDP, GTP or non-hydrolyzable GTP analogues GTPgammaS or GMPPCP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	54-59
21858031-7	2011	Interestingly, when nucleotides were incubated with cell lysates prior to purification of LRRK2, kinase activity was slightly enhanced by GTPgammaS or GMPPCP compared to GDP, pointing to an upstream guanine nucleotide binding protein that may activate LRRK2 in a GTP-dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-173	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	90-95
21858031-9	2011	We conclude that while kinase activity of LRRK2 requires an intact ROC-GTPase domain, it is independent of GDP or GTP binding to ROC.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	42-47
21886810-3	2011	RhoA GDP/GTP cycling is required for normal cytokinesis and recent reports have shown that the exchange factor Ect2 and the GTPase activating protein MgcRacGAP regulate RhoA activity during mitosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	5-8	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	0-4
21886810-3	2011	RhoA GDP/GTP cycling is required for normal cytokinesis and recent reports have shown that the exchange factor Ect2 and the GTPase activating protein MgcRacGAP regulate RhoA activity during mitosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	5-8	epithelial cell transforming 2	Homo sapiens	111-115
21886810-3	2011	RhoA GDP/GTP cycling is required for normal cytokinesis and recent reports have shown that the exchange factor Ect2 and the GTPase activating protein MgcRacGAP regulate RhoA activity during mitosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	5-8	Rac GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	150-159
21886810-3	2011	RhoA GDP/GTP cycling is required for normal cytokinesis and recent reports have shown that the exchange factor Ect2 and the GTPase activating protein MgcRacGAP regulate RhoA activity during mitosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	5-8	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	169-173
21064165-2	2011	All RGS-RhoGEFs possess tandemly linked Dbl-homology (DH) and plekstrin-homology (PH) domains, which bind and catalyze the exchange of GDP for GTP on RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	4-7
21064165-2	2011	All RGS-RhoGEFs possess tandemly linked Dbl-homology (DH) and plekstrin-homology (PH) domains, which bind and catalyze the exchange of GDP for GTP on RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	150-154
20813901-3	2010	These components form an active complex at the correct time and subcellular location through a series of incompletely understood mutual interactions, regulated, in part, by GTP/GDP exchange on Rac, protein phosphorylation, and binding to lipid messengers.	Guanosine Diphosphate	177-180	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	193-196
21966509-4	2011	Here we describe the first crystal structure of a catalytically functional POFUT1 in an apo-form and in complex with GDP-fucose and GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	117-120	protein O-fucosyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	75-81
21560042-6	2011	Finally, non-mucous cells support a regulated mechanism of ATP release involving protease activated receptor (PAR)-elicited G(12/13) activation, leading to the RhoGEF-mediated exchange of GDP for GTP on RhoA, and cytoskeleton rearrangement.	Guanosine Diphosphate	188-191	nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2	Homo sapiens	81-108
21560042-6	2011	Finally, non-mucous cells support a regulated mechanism of ATP release involving protease activated receptor (PAR)-elicited G(12/13) activation, leading to the RhoGEF-mediated exchange of GDP for GTP on RhoA, and cytoskeleton rearrangement.	Guanosine Diphosphate	188-191	nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2	Homo sapiens	110-113
20844236-3	2010	HGAL enhances activation of RhoA and its down-stream effectors by a novel mechanism - direct binding to the catalytic DH-domain of the RhoA-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) PDZ-RhoGEF and LARG that stimulate the GDP-GTP exchange rate of RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	234-237	germinal center associated signaling and motility	Homo sapiens	0-4
20844236-3	2010	HGAL enhances activation of RhoA and its down-stream effectors by a novel mechanism - direct binding to the catalytic DH-domain of the RhoA-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) PDZ-RhoGEF and LARG that stimulate the GDP-GTP exchange rate of RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	234-237	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	28-32
20844236-3	2010	HGAL enhances activation of RhoA and its down-stream effectors by a novel mechanism - direct binding to the catalytic DH-domain of the RhoA-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) PDZ-RhoGEF and LARG that stimulate the GDP-GTP exchange rate of RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	234-237	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	135-139
20844236-3	2010	HGAL enhances activation of RhoA and its down-stream effectors by a novel mechanism - direct binding to the catalytic DH-domain of the RhoA-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) PDZ-RhoGEF and LARG that stimulate the GDP-GTP exchange rate of RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	234-237	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	135-139
20876572-7	2010	Formation of a stable MMAA-MUT complex is nucleotide-selective for MMAA (GMPPNP over GDP) and apoenzyme-dependent for MUT.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	metabolism of cobalamin associated A	Homo sapiens	22-26
20921225-5	2010	Biochemical analyses of the protein-protein interaction showed that CAPS1 interacted specifically with the class II ARF4/ARF5, but not with other classes of ARFs, via the pleckstrin homology domain in a GDP-bound ARF form-specific manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	203-206	calcium dependent secretion activator	Homo sapiens	68-73
20921225-5	2010	Biochemical analyses of the protein-protein interaction showed that CAPS1 interacted specifically with the class II ARF4/ARF5, but not with other classes of ARFs, via the pleckstrin homology domain in a GDP-bound ARF form-specific manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	203-206	ADP ribosylation factor 4	Homo sapiens	116-120
20921225-5	2010	Biochemical analyses of the protein-protein interaction showed that CAPS1 interacted specifically with the class II ARF4/ARF5, but not with other classes of ARFs, via the pleckstrin homology domain in a GDP-bound ARF form-specific manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	203-206	ADP ribosylation factor 5	Homo sapiens	121-125
20921225-9	2010	These findings implicate a functional role for CAPS1 protein in the soma, a major subcellular localization site of CAPS1 in many cell types, in regulating DCV trafficking in the trans-Golgi network; this activity occurs via protein-protein interaction with ARF4/ARF5 in a GDP-dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	272-275	calcium dependent secretion activator	Homo sapiens	47-52
20921225-9	2010	These findings implicate a functional role for CAPS1 protein in the soma, a major subcellular localization site of CAPS1 in many cell types, in regulating DCV trafficking in the trans-Golgi network; this activity occurs via protein-protein interaction with ARF4/ARF5 in a GDP-dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	272-275	ADP ribosylation factor 4	Homo sapiens	257-261
20921225-9	2010	These findings implicate a functional role for CAPS1 protein in the soma, a major subcellular localization site of CAPS1 in many cell types, in regulating DCV trafficking in the trans-Golgi network; this activity occurs via protein-protein interaction with ARF4/ARF5 in a GDP-dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	272-275	ADP ribosylation factor 5	Homo sapiens	262-266
20833725-4	2010	Upon complex formation with ARA7, VPS9 wedges into the interswitch region of ARA7, inhibiting the coordination of Mg(2+) and decreasing the stability of GDP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	Ras-related small GTP-binding family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	28-32
20833725-4	2010	Upon complex formation with ARA7, VPS9 wedges into the interswitch region of ARA7, inhibiting the coordination of Mg(2+) and decreasing the stability of GDP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	Vacuolar sorting protein 9 (VPS9) domain-containing protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	34-38
20833725-4	2010	Upon complex formation with ARA7, VPS9 wedges into the interswitch region of ARA7, inhibiting the coordination of Mg(2+) and decreasing the stability of GDP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	Ras-related small GTP-binding family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	77-81
20833725-5	2010	The aspartate finger of VPS9a recognizes GDP beta-phosphate directly and pulls the P-loop lysine of ARA7 away from GDP beta-phosphate toward switch II to further destabilize GDP for its release during the transition from the GDP-bound to nucleotide-free intermediates in the nucleotide exchange reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	Vacuolar sorting protein 9 (VPS9) domain-containing protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	24-29
20833725-5	2010	The aspartate finger of VPS9a recognizes GDP beta-phosphate directly and pulls the P-loop lysine of ARA7 away from GDP beta-phosphate toward switch II to further destabilize GDP for its release during the transition from the GDP-bound to nucleotide-free intermediates in the nucleotide exchange reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	Vacuolar sorting protein 9 (VPS9) domain-containing protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	24-29
20833725-5	2010	The aspartate finger of VPS9a recognizes GDP beta-phosphate directly and pulls the P-loop lysine of ARA7 away from GDP beta-phosphate toward switch II to further destabilize GDP for its release during the transition from the GDP-bound to nucleotide-free intermediates in the nucleotide exchange reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	Ras-related small GTP-binding family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	100-104
20861011-2	2010	Combined with biochemical analysis, these data lead to a model of Arf1 activation, in which opening of its N-terminal helix first translocates Arf1-GDP to membranes, where it is then secured by a register shift of the interswitch beta-strands, before GDP is eventually exchanged for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	66-70
20861011-2	2010	Combined with biochemical analysis, these data lead to a model of Arf1 activation, in which opening of its N-terminal helix first translocates Arf1-GDP to membranes, where it is then secured by a register shift of the interswitch beta-strands, before GDP is eventually exchanged for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	143-147
20861011-2	2010	Combined with biochemical analysis, these data lead to a model of Arf1 activation, in which opening of its N-terminal helix first translocates Arf1-GDP to membranes, where it is then secured by a register shift of the interswitch beta-strands, before GDP is eventually exchanged for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	251-254	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	66-70
20861011-5	2010	We first completed the assignment of Delta17Arf1 bound to GDP, GTP, and GTPgammaS and established that NMR data are fully consistent with the crystal structures of Arf1-GDP and Delta17Arf1-GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	37-48
20861011-5	2010	We first completed the assignment of Delta17Arf1 bound to GDP, GTP, and GTPgammaS and established that NMR data are fully consistent with the crystal structures of Arf1-GDP and Delta17Arf1-GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	44-48
20861011-5	2010	We first completed the assignment of Delta17Arf1 bound to GDP, GTP, and GTPgammaS and established that NMR data are fully consistent with the crystal structures of Arf1-GDP and Delta17Arf1-GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	169-172	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	37-48
20861011-8	2010	Altogether, the NMR data bring insight into how that membrane-bound Arf1-GDP, which is mimicked by the truncation of the N-terminal helix, acquires internal motions that enable the toggle of the interswitch.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	68-72
21062894-4	2010	We show that overexpression of Ypt7 results in expansion and massive invagination of the vacuolar membrane, which requires cycling of Ypt7 between GDP- and GTP-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	147-150	Rab family GTPase YPT7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	31-35
21062894-4	2010	We show that overexpression of Ypt7 results in expansion and massive invagination of the vacuolar membrane, which requires cycling of Ypt7 between GDP- and GTP-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	147-150	Rab family GTPase YPT7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	134-138
20626585-10	2010	The FcgammaRIIIb-NA1/NA1 neutrophils exhibited two spots that were significantly underexpressed (protein-arginine deiminase type-4 and annexin VI) and three spots that were significantly overexpressed (Cdc42hs-Gdp complex, myosin light chain 12A and coactosin-like 1) when compared with FcgammaRIIIb-NA2/NA2 neutrophils.	Guanosine Diphosphate	210-213	Fc gamma receptor IIIb	Homo sapiens	4-16
20801163-3	2010	The crystal structure of Leishmania major ARL1 in complex with GDP has been determined to 2.1 A resolution and reveals a high degree of structural conservation with human ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (ARF1).	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	171-196
20800074-8	2010	The PK2-induced inhibition of I(GABA) was removed by intracellular dialysis of either GDP-beta-S (a non-hydrolyzable GDP analog), EGTA (a Ca2+ chelator) or GF109203X (a selective protein kinase C inhibitor), but not by H89 (a protein kinase A inhibitor).	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	prokineticin 2	Rattus norvegicus	4-7
21059949-3	2010	Nucleotide-free and GDP-bound GIMAP2 were monomeric and revealed a guanine nucleotide-binding domain of the TRAFAC (translation factor associated) class with a unique amphipathic helix alpha7 packing against switch II.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	GTPase, IMAP family member 2	Homo sapiens	30-36
20833725-0	2010	GDP-bound and nucleotide-free intermediates of the guanine nucleotide exchange in the Rab5 Vps9 system.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	Vacuolar sorting protein 9 (VPS9) domain-containing protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	91-95
20833725-3	2010	Here we present crystallographic and biochemical studies of a GEF reaction with four crystal structures of Arabidopsis thaliana ARA7, a plant homolog of Rab5 GTPase, in complex with its GEF, VPS9a, in the nucleotide-free and GDP-bound forms, as well as a complex with aminophosphonic acid-guanylate ester and ARA7 VPS9a(D185N) with GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	225-228	Ras-related small GTP-binding family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	128-132
20833725-3	2010	Here we present crystallographic and biochemical studies of a GEF reaction with four crystal structures of Arabidopsis thaliana ARA7, a plant homolog of Rab5 GTPase, in complex with its GEF, VPS9a, in the nucleotide-free and GDP-bound forms, as well as a complex with aminophosphonic acid-guanylate ester and ARA7 VPS9a(D185N) with GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	225-228	Vacuolar sorting protein 9 (VPS9) domain-containing protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	191-196
20833725-3	2010	Here we present crystallographic and biochemical studies of a GEF reaction with four crystal structures of Arabidopsis thaliana ARA7, a plant homolog of Rab5 GTPase, in complex with its GEF, VPS9a, in the nucleotide-free and GDP-bound forms, as well as a complex with aminophosphonic acid-guanylate ester and ARA7 VPS9a(D185N) with GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	332-335	Ras-related small GTP-binding family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	128-132
20833725-3	2010	Here we present crystallographic and biochemical studies of a GEF reaction with four crystal structures of Arabidopsis thaliana ARA7, a plant homolog of Rab5 GTPase, in complex with its GEF, VPS9a, in the nucleotide-free and GDP-bound forms, as well as a complex with aminophosphonic acid-guanylate ester and ARA7 VPS9a(D185N) with GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	332-335	Vacuolar sorting protein 9 (VPS9) domain-containing protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	191-196
20858901-2	2010	Vesicle formation is initiated by the exchange of GDP for GTP on ARF1 (ADP-ribosylation factor 1), which, in turn, recruits the coat protein coatomer to the membrane for selection of cargo and membrane deformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	65-69
20858901-2	2010	Vesicle formation is initiated by the exchange of GDP for GTP on ARF1 (ADP-ribosylation factor 1), which, in turn, recruits the coat protein coatomer to the membrane for selection of cargo and membrane deformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	71-96
20709748-5	2010	We demonstrate that insertion of the dominant negative mutation to inhibit GDP/GTP exchange diminishes prenylation of Rap1A and RhoA, enhances prenylation of Rac1, and does not detectably alter prenylation of K-Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	118-123
20709748-5	2010	We demonstrate that insertion of the dominant negative mutation to inhibit GDP/GTP exchange diminishes prenylation of Rap1A and RhoA, enhances prenylation of Rac1, and does not detectably alter prenylation of K-Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	128-132
20709748-5	2010	We demonstrate that insertion of the dominant negative mutation to inhibit GDP/GTP exchange diminishes prenylation of Rap1A and RhoA, enhances prenylation of Rac1, and does not detectably alter prenylation of K-Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	158-162
20709748-6	2010	Our results indicate that the entrance and passage of these small GTPases through the prenylation pathway is regulated by two splice variants of SmgGDS, a protein that has been reported to promote GDP/GTP exchange by PBR-possessing GTPases and to be up-regulated in several forms of cancer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	197-200	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	145-151
20974968-4	2010	UVRAG activates PI3KC3 and C-VPS/HOPS, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that catalyzes the exchange of GDP for GTP on Rab7.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	UV radiation resistance associated	Homo sapiens	0-5
20974968-4	2010	UVRAG activates PI3KC3 and C-VPS/HOPS, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that catalyzes the exchange of GDP for GTP on Rab7.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	RAB7A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	122-126
20685651-6	2010	To gain structural insight into the signaling mechanisms, we determined the structure of Rheb-GDP by NMR.	Guanosine Diphosphate	94-97	Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding	Homo sapiens	89-93
20675373-8	2010	Analytical ultracentrifugation and binding measurements show that tubulin-stathmin associations (T(2)RB3, T(2)Stath) and binding of ligands (R, S, TN-16, or the colchicine analogue MTC) are thermodynamically independent from one another, irrespective of tubulin being bound to GTP or GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	284-287	stathmin 1	Homo sapiens	74-82
20679342-7	2010	The binding of sNUCB1 to Galpha(i1) inhibits its basal rate of GDP release and slows its rate and extent of GTPgammaS uptake.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	25-34
20713063-0	2010	Thermodynamic characterization of ppGpp binding to EF-G or IF2 and of initiator tRNA binding to free IF2 in the presence of GDP, GTP, or ppGpp.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	101-104
20713063-1	2010	In addition to their natural substrates GDP and GTP, the bacterial translational GTPases initiation factor (IF) 2 and elongation factor G (EF-G) interact with the alarmone molecule guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp), which leads to GTPase inhibition.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	118-137
20713063-1	2010	In addition to their natural substrates GDP and GTP, the bacterial translational GTPases initiation factor (IF) 2 and elongation factor G (EF-G) interact with the alarmone molecule guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp), which leads to GTPase inhibition.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	139-143
20923658-2	2010	Human guanylate binding proteins (hGBP-1 and 2) belonging to large GTPases have the unique feature of hydrolyzing GTP to a mixture of GDP and GMP with unequal ratios.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	guanylate binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	34-46
20926670-6	2010	Finally, we demonstrate that selective modulation of the GTP/GDP switch mechanism of Rab27b impairs SV recycling, suggesting that Rab27b, probably in concert with Rab3s, is involved in SV exocytosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	RAB27B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	85-91
20926670-6	2010	Finally, we demonstrate that selective modulation of the GTP/GDP switch mechanism of Rab27b impairs SV recycling, suggesting that Rab27b, probably in concert with Rab3s, is involved in SV exocytosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	RAB27B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	130-136
20599679-9	2010	GDP-mediated inhibition of HNE-activated proton conductance in skeletal muscle mitochondria was not observed in Ucp3KO mice, indicating that GDP is specific for UCP3, at least in muscle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	uncoupling protein 3 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	161-165
20639196-4	2010	Unexpectedly, the GDP-binding form of the kappaB-Ras mutant exhibited a more potent inhibitory effect on NF-kappaB activation, and this inhibitory effect seemed to be due to suppression of the transactivation of a p65/RelA NF-kappaB subunit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	18-21	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	105-114
20639196-4	2010	Unexpectedly, the GDP-binding form of the kappaB-Ras mutant exhibited a more potent inhibitory effect on NF-kappaB activation, and this inhibitory effect seemed to be due to suppression of the transactivation of a p65/RelA NF-kappaB subunit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	18-21	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	214-217
20639196-4	2010	Unexpectedly, the GDP-binding form of the kappaB-Ras mutant exhibited a more potent inhibitory effect on NF-kappaB activation, and this inhibitory effect seemed to be due to suppression of the transactivation of a p65/RelA NF-kappaB subunit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	18-21	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	218-222
20639196-4	2010	Unexpectedly, the GDP-binding form of the kappaB-Ras mutant exhibited a more potent inhibitory effect on NF-kappaB activation, and this inhibitory effect seemed to be due to suppression of the transactivation of a p65/RelA NF-kappaB subunit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	18-21	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	223-232
20639196-6	2010	Interestingly, the GDP-bound kappaB-Ras mutant exhibited higher interactive affinity with p65/RelA and inhibited the phosphorylation of p65/RelA more potently than wild-type kappaB-Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	19-22	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	90-93
20639196-6	2010	Interestingly, the GDP-bound kappaB-Ras mutant exhibited higher interactive affinity with p65/RelA and inhibited the phosphorylation of p65/RelA more potently than wild-type kappaB-Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	19-22	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	94-98
20639196-6	2010	Interestingly, the GDP-bound kappaB-Ras mutant exhibited higher interactive affinity with p65/RelA and inhibited the phosphorylation of p65/RelA more potently than wild-type kappaB-Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	19-22	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	136-139
20639196-6	2010	Interestingly, the GDP-bound kappaB-Ras mutant exhibited higher interactive affinity with p65/RelA and inhibited the phosphorylation of p65/RelA more potently than wild-type kappaB-Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	19-22	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	140-144
20639196-7	2010	Taken together, these findings suggest that the GDP-bound form of kappaB-Ras in cytoplasm suppresses NF-kappaB activation by inhibiting its transcriptional activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	101-110
20709080-0	2010	SAXS and X-ray crystallography suggest an unfolding model for the GDP/GTP conformational switch of the small GTPase Arf6.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	116-120
20709080-5	2010	NMR chemical shifts identify this structural disorder in Delta13Arf6-GDP, but not in the closely related Delta17Arf1-GDP, which is consistent with their comparative thermodynamic and hydrodynamic analyses.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	57-68
20669186-2	2010	Recently, we uncovered details of the mechanism of interaction between the N-terminal tail of the V-ATPase a2-subunit isoform (a2N(1-402)) and ARNO, a GTP/GDP exchange factor for Arf-family small GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	155-158	cytohesin 2	Homo sapiens	143-147
20805321-6	2010	A GDP-bound Ran phosphomimetic mutant cannot undergo RCC1-mediated GDP/GTP exchange and cannot induce microtubule asters in mitotic Xenopus egg extracts.	Guanosine Diphosphate	2-5	ran GTP-binding protein	Xenopus laevis	12-15
20797862-12	2010	The Mon1-Ccz1 complex, but neither protein alone, counteracts GAP function in vivo, rescues in vitro fusion of vacuoles carrying Ypt7-GDP, and promotes nucleotide exchange on Ypt7 independently of Vps39/HOPS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	Mon1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	4-8
20797862-12	2010	The Mon1-Ccz1 complex, but neither protein alone, counteracts GAP function in vivo, rescues in vitro fusion of vacuoles carrying Ypt7-GDP, and promotes nucleotide exchange on Ypt7 independently of Vps39/HOPS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	Ccz1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	9-13
20797862-12	2010	The Mon1-Ccz1 complex, but neither protein alone, counteracts GAP function in vivo, rescues in vitro fusion of vacuoles carrying Ypt7-GDP, and promotes nucleotide exchange on Ypt7 independently of Vps39/HOPS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	Rab family GTPase YPT7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	129-133
20861389-7	2010	The coexpression of the GDP-bound Rab11 S25N mutant prevented the GBP-induced decrease in alpha2delta-2 cell surface levels, both in cell lines and in primary neurons, and the GBP-induced reduction in calcium channel currents.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	34-39
20858867-2	2010	Two overlapping regulatory networks control compartmentalized H-Ras activity: the guanosine diphosphate-guanosine triphosphate cycle and the acylation cycle, which constitutively traffics Ras isoforms that can be palmitoylated between intracellular membrane compartments.	Guanosine Diphosphate	82-103	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	62-67
20631154-5	2010	We show that RPGR primarily associates with the GDP-bound form of RAB8A and stimulates GDP/GTP nucleotide exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator	Homo sapiens	13-17
20631154-5	2010	We show that RPGR primarily associates with the GDP-bound form of RAB8A and stimulates GDP/GTP nucleotide exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	66-71
20631154-5	2010	We show that RPGR primarily associates with the GDP-bound form of RAB8A and stimulates GDP/GTP nucleotide exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator	Homo sapiens	13-17
20631154-5	2010	We show that RPGR primarily associates with the GDP-bound form of RAB8A and stimulates GDP/GTP nucleotide exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	66-71
20805321-6	2010	A GDP-bound Ran phosphomimetic mutant cannot undergo RCC1-mediated GDP/GTP exchange and cannot induce microtubule asters in mitotic Xenopus egg extracts.	Guanosine Diphosphate	2-5	regulator of chromosome condensation 1 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	53-57
20805321-6	2010	A GDP-bound Ran phosphomimetic mutant cannot undergo RCC1-mediated GDP/GTP exchange and cannot induce microtubule asters in mitotic Xenopus egg extracts.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	ran GTP-binding protein	Xenopus laevis	12-15
20805321-6	2010	A GDP-bound Ran phosphomimetic mutant cannot undergo RCC1-mediated GDP/GTP exchange and cannot induce microtubule asters in mitotic Xenopus egg extracts.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	regulator of chromosome condensation 1 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	53-57
20805321-9	2010	Our study suggests that PAK4-mediated phosphorylation of GDP- or GTP-bound Ran regulates the assembly of Ran-dependent complexes on the mitotic spindle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	ran GTP-binding protein	Xenopus laevis	75-78
20805321-9	2010	Our study suggests that PAK4-mediated phosphorylation of GDP- or GTP-bound Ran regulates the assembly of Ran-dependent complexes on the mitotic spindle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	ran GTP-binding protein	Xenopus laevis	105-108
21686265-1	2010	We recently showed in a publication in Nature that the eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF5 has a second regulatory function and is a GDI (GDP dissociation inhibitor) in addition to its previously characterized role as a GAP (GTPase accelerating protein).	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	96-100
20811327-7	2010	In addition, we can harvest total protein at the beginning of the assay to determine levels of total (GTP and GDP bound) RhoC GTPase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	ras homolog family member C	Homo sapiens	121-132
20561557-2	2010	In the current report, we show that Vav1, a GDP/GTP exchange factor for Rho-like small GTPases, could be detected by Western blotting in the membrane fraction of L-MAT cells after TCDD treatment and was precipitated by incubating with an antibody against PKC theta.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	36-40
20609434-1	2010	Ran is a member of the superfamily of small GTPases, which cycle between a GTP-bound "on" and a GDP-bound "off" state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-3
20609434-3	2010	In order to maintain a gradient of excess Ran.GTP within the nucleoplasm and excess Ran.GDP within the cytoplasm, the hydrolysis of Ran.GTP in the nucleoplasm should be prevented, whereas in the cytoplasm, hydrolysis is catalyzed by Ran.GAP (GTPase-activating protein).	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	84-87
20609434-3	2010	In order to maintain a gradient of excess Ran.GTP within the nucleoplasm and excess Ran.GDP within the cytoplasm, the hydrolysis of Ran.GTP in the nucleoplasm should be prevented, whereas in the cytoplasm, hydrolysis is catalyzed by Ran.GAP (GTPase-activating protein).	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	84-87
20609434-3	2010	In order to maintain a gradient of excess Ran.GTP within the nucleoplasm and excess Ran.GDP within the cytoplasm, the hydrolysis of Ran.GTP in the nucleoplasm should be prevented, whereas in the cytoplasm, hydrolysis is catalyzed by Ran.GAP (GTPase-activating protein).	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	84-87
20639466-6	2010	YM-254890 specifically inhibits the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of alpha subunit of Gq protein (Galphaq) by inhibiting the GDP release from Galphaq.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	G protein subunit alpha q	Homo sapiens	94-101
20639466-6	2010	YM-254890 specifically inhibits the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of alpha subunit of Gq protein (Galphaq) by inhibiting the GDP release from Galphaq.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	G protein subunit alpha q	Homo sapiens	138-145
20639466-6	2010	YM-254890 specifically inhibits the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of alpha subunit of Gq protein (Galphaq) by inhibiting the GDP release from Galphaq.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	G protein subunit alpha q	Homo sapiens	94-101
20639466-6	2010	YM-254890 specifically inhibits the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of alpha subunit of Gq protein (Galphaq) by inhibiting the GDP release from Galphaq.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	G protein subunit alpha q	Homo sapiens	138-145
20188440-9	2010	UDP and CDP (pyrimidino-NDPs) and GDP (purino-NDP) were exclusively phosphorylated, using (gamma-(32)P) ATP as phosphate donor, by S-NDPK-A and R-NDPK-B, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens	133-139
20450932-4	2010	The four residues Arg476, Arg478, Val479 and Tyr583, all of which are involved in both ATP and GDP binding by hydrogen bonds, might play important roles in the stabilization of TG2 by ATP or GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	transglutaminase 2	Homo sapiens	177-180
20450932-4	2010	The four residues Arg476, Arg478, Val479 and Tyr583, all of which are involved in both ATP and GDP binding by hydrogen bonds, might play important roles in the stabilization of TG2 by ATP or GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	191-194	transglutaminase 2	Homo sapiens	177-180
20413728-2	2010	CalDAG-GEFI plays a key role in the activation of beta1, beta2, and beta3 integrins in platelets and neutrophils by exchanging a GDP for a GTP on Rap1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-11
20413728-2	2010	CalDAG-GEFI plays a key role in the activation of beta1, beta2, and beta3 integrins in platelets and neutrophils by exchanging a GDP for a GTP on Rap1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens	50-55
20413728-2	2010	CalDAG-GEFI plays a key role in the activation of beta1, beta2, and beta3 integrins in platelets and neutrophils by exchanging a GDP for a GTP on Rap1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	57-73
20413728-2	2010	CalDAG-GEFI plays a key role in the activation of beta1, beta2, and beta3 integrins in platelets and neutrophils by exchanging a GDP for a GTP on Rap1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	146-150
20596634-1	2010	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitors (RhoGDIs) are important regulators of the GTP hydrolase activity and biological functions of Rho GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	33-40
20479006-3	2010	Crystallization of H-RasT35S-GppNHp enables us to solve the first complete tertiary structure of H-Ras state 1 possessing two surface pockets unseen in the state 2 or H-Ras-GDP structure.	Guanosine Diphosphate	173-176	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	19-24
20479006-3	2010	Crystallization of H-RasT35S-GppNHp enables us to solve the first complete tertiary structure of H-Ras state 1 possessing two surface pockets unseen in the state 2 or H-Ras-GDP structure.	Guanosine Diphosphate	173-176	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	97-102
20424170-3	2010	Transient expression of GDP- and GTP-bound Rab8 mutants and short hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown of Rab8 more potently inhibited the cell surface expression of alpha(2B)-AR than beta(2)-AR.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	adrenoceptor alpha 2B	Homo sapiens	160-172
20424170-4	2010	The GDP-bound Rab8(T22N) mutant attenuated ERK1/2 activation by alpha(2B)-AR, but not beta(2)-AR, and arrested alpha(2B)-AR in the TGN compartment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	14-18
20424170-4	2010	The GDP-bound Rab8(T22N) mutant attenuated ERK1/2 activation by alpha(2B)-AR, but not beta(2)-AR, and arrested alpha(2B)-AR in the TGN compartment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	43-49
20424170-4	2010	The GDP-bound Rab8(T22N) mutant attenuated ERK1/2 activation by alpha(2B)-AR, but not beta(2)-AR, and arrested alpha(2B)-AR in the TGN compartment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	adrenoceptor alpha 2B	Homo sapiens	64-76
20424170-4	2010	The GDP-bound Rab8(T22N) mutant attenuated ERK1/2 activation by alpha(2B)-AR, but not beta(2)-AR, and arrested alpha(2B)-AR in the TGN compartment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	adrenoceptor alpha 2B	Homo sapiens	111-123
20395297-1	2010	The Rac1b splice isoform contains a 19-amino acid insertion not found in Rac1; this insertion leads to decreased GTPase activity and reduced affinity for GDP, resulting in the intracellular predominance of GTP-bound Rac1b.	Guanosine Diphosphate	154-157	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	4-8
20739463-4	2010	SifA is a structural homologue of another bacterial effector that acts as a GTP-exchange factor for Rho family GTPases and can bind GDP-RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	132-135	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	136-140
20361980-0	2010	What makes Ras an efficient molecular switch: a computational, biophysical, and structural study of Ras-GDP interactions with mutants of Raf.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	137-140
20361980-7	2010	Using computational protein design, we generated mutants of the Ras-binding domain of Raf kinase (Raf) that stabilize the complex with Ras(GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-142	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	86-89
20361980-7	2010	Using computational protein design, we generated mutants of the Ras-binding domain of Raf kinase (Raf) that stabilize the complex with Ras(GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-142	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	98-101
20361980-8	2010	Most of our designed mutations narrow the gap between the affinity of Raf for Ras(GTP) and Ras(GDP), producing the desired shift in binding specificity towards Ras(GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	70-73
20361980-8	2010	Most of our designed mutations narrow the gap between the affinity of Raf for Ras(GTP) and Ras(GDP), producing the desired shift in binding specificity towards Ras(GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	164-167	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	70-73
20361980-9	2010	A combination of our best designed mutation, N71R, with another mutation, A85K, yielded a Raf mutant with a 100-fold improvement in affinity towards Ras(GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	90-93
20361980-10	2010	The Raf A85K and Raf N71R/A85K mutants were used to obtain the first high-resolution structures of Ras(GDP) bound to its effector.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	4-7
20361980-10	2010	The Raf A85K and Raf N71R/A85K mutants were used to obtain the first high-resolution structures of Ras(GDP) bound to its effector.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	17-20
20361980-11	2010	Surprisingly, these structures reveal that the loop on Ras previously termed the switch I region in the Ras(GDP).Raf mutant complex is found in a conformation similar to that of Ras(GTP) and not Ras(GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	113-116
20361980-11	2010	Surprisingly, these structures reveal that the loop on Ras previously termed the switch I region in the Ras(GDP).Raf mutant complex is found in a conformation similar to that of Ras(GTP) and not Ras(GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	mitochondrial ribosome associated GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	178-186
20361980-11	2010	Surprisingly, these structures reveal that the loop on Ras previously termed the switch I region in the Ras(GDP).Raf mutant complex is found in a conformation similar to that of Ras(GTP) and not Ras(GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	199-202	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	113-116
20361980-13	2010	This greater flexibility compared to the same loop in Ras(GTP) is likely to explain the natural low affinity of Raf and other Ras effectors to Ras(GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	147-150	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	112-115
20534835-13	2010	Expression of the truncated Rab11a effector (FIP2DeltaC2) attenuates endogenous Rab11 function and prevented AMPH-induced NET internalization as does GDP-locked Rab4 S22N.	Guanosine Diphosphate	150-153	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	28-34
20534835-13	2010	Expression of the truncated Rab11a effector (FIP2DeltaC2) attenuates endogenous Rab11 function and prevented AMPH-induced NET internalization as does GDP-locked Rab4 S22N.	Guanosine Diphosphate	150-153	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	28-33
20534835-13	2010	Expression of the truncated Rab11a effector (FIP2DeltaC2) attenuates endogenous Rab11 function and prevented AMPH-induced NET internalization as does GDP-locked Rab4 S22N.	Guanosine Diphosphate	150-153	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	161-165
20335181-5	2010	In more distal regions, where Ran is predominantly GDP-bound, TPX2 remains bound to importin-alpha and so is inhibited.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	ran GTP-binding protein	Xenopus laevis	30-33
20516611-5	2010	GDP-bound GIMAP2(21-260) and GDP-bound GIMAP2(1-234) crystallized in space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) and the crystals diffracted X-rays to 2.9 and 1.7 A resolution, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	GTPase, IMAP family member 2	Homo sapiens	10-16
20516611-5	2010	GDP-bound GIMAP2(21-260) and GDP-bound GIMAP2(1-234) crystallized in space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) and the crystals diffracted X-rays to 2.9 and 1.7 A resolution, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	GTPase, IMAP family member 2	Homo sapiens	39-45
21204011-1	2010	Eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF2B, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for eIF2, catalyzes conversion of eIF2 GDP to eIF2 GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	132-135	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	41-46
21204011-1	2010	Eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF2B, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for eIF2, catalyzes conversion of eIF2 GDP to eIF2 GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	132-135	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	52-86
21204011-1	2010	Eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF2B, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for eIF2, catalyzes conversion of eIF2 GDP to eIF2 GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	132-135	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	88-91
21204011-1	2010	Eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF2B, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for eIF2, catalyzes conversion of eIF2 GDP to eIF2 GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	132-135	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	41-45
21204011-1	2010	Eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF2B, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for eIF2, catalyzes conversion of eIF2 GDP to eIF2 GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	132-135	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	97-101
21204011-1	2010	Eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF2B, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for eIF2, catalyzes conversion of eIF2 GDP to eIF2 GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	132-135	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	97-101
20363740-6	2010	We unambiguously identify IpgB2 as a bacterial RhoA-GEF and dissect the molecular mechanism of GDP release, an essential prerequisite for GTP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	IpgB2	Shigella flexneri	26-31
20363757-10	2010	This difference was abolished both when UCP3 was inhibited by GDP and under a condition in which there was reduced LOOH formation on the matrix side of the MIM.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	uncoupling protein 3 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	40-44
20428113-3	2010	Here we present the 2.0 A resolution crystal structure of a human dynamin 1-derived minimal GTPase-GED fusion protein, which was dimeric in the presence of the transition state mimic GDP.AlF(4)(-).The structure reveals dynamin"s catalytic machinery and explains how assembly-stimulated GTP hydrolysis is achieved through G domain dimerization.	Guanosine Diphosphate	183-186	dynamin 1	Homo sapiens	66-75
20483331-11	2010	The GDP-bound inactive form of N-Ras with an HD/Far anchor shows stronger membrane association, which might be due to a more pronounced tendency to self-assemble in the membrane matrix than is seen with the active GTP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	NRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	31-36
20485439-4	2010	Here we define new regulatory functions of eIF5 in the recycling of eIF2 from its inactive eIF2.GDP state between successive rounds of translation initiation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	43-47
20485439-4	2010	Here we define new regulatory functions of eIF5 in the recycling of eIF2 from its inactive eIF2.GDP state between successive rounds of translation initiation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	68-72
20485439-4	2010	Here we define new regulatory functions of eIF5 in the recycling of eIF2 from its inactive eIF2.GDP state between successive rounds of translation initiation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	91-95
20485439-5	2010	First we show that eIF5 stabilizes the binding of GDP to eIF2 and is therefore a bi-functional protein that acts as a GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI).	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	19-23
20485439-5	2010	First we show that eIF5 stabilizes the binding of GDP to eIF2 and is therefore a bi-functional protein that acts as a GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI).	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	57-61
20485439-5	2010	First we show that eIF5 stabilizes the binding of GDP to eIF2 and is therefore a bi-functional protein that acts as a GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI).	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	19-23
20485439-5	2010	First we show that eIF5 stabilizes the binding of GDP to eIF2 and is therefore a bi-functional protein that acts as a GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI).	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	57-61
20335181-5	2010	In more distal regions, where Ran is predominantly GDP-bound, TPX2 remains bound to importin-alpha and so is inhibited.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	TPX2, microtubule-associated S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	62-66
20197066-0	2010	GDP-bound Galphai2 regulates spinal motor neuron differentiation through interaction with GDE2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase domain containing 5	Homo sapiens	90-94
20197066-6	2010	Galphai2 preferentially associates with GDE2 when bound to GDP, invoking GPCR-independent functions for Galphai2 in the control of spinal motor neuron differentiation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase domain containing 5	Homo sapiens	40-44
20360559-2	2010	An important structural feature of the native RNA is an approximately 90 degrees helical bend localized to domain IIa that positions the apical loop of domain IIb of the IRES near the 40S ribosomal E-site to promote eIF2-GDP release, facilitating 80S ribosome assembly.	Guanosine Diphosphate	221-224	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	216-220
20028975-1	2010	Cdc42 cycling through GTP/GDP states is critical for its function in the second/granule mobilization phase of insulin granule exocytosis in pancreatic islet beta cells, although the identities of the Cdc42 cycling proteins involved remain incomplete.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	0-5
19878719-4	2010	RGS14 contains a GPR/GoLoco (GL) domain that forms a stable complex with inactive Gialpha1/3-GDP, and a tandem (R1, R2) Ras binding domain (RBD).	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	regulator of G protein signaling 14	Homo sapiens	0-5
20068007-8	2010	This is the first to demonstrate that the filament protein MyH9 constitutively forms a ternary complex with FSH-R and inactive GDP-bound G alpha h. At higher FSH levels, this ternary complex executes an alternative signaling of classical Gs-coupled FSH-R through activating a Gs/cAMP-independent, G alpha h/PLC-delta 1 pathway in rat SCs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	127-130	myosin heavy chain 9-like 1	Rattus norvegicus	59-63
20207729-3	2010	Overproduction of GDP- or GTP-locked variants of ARL6/BBS3 in vivo influences primary cilium length and abundance.	Guanosine Diphosphate	18-21	ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 6	Homo sapiens	49-53
20207729-3	2010	Overproduction of GDP- or GTP-locked variants of ARL6/BBS3 in vivo influences primary cilium length and abundance.	Guanosine Diphosphate	18-21	ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 6	Homo sapiens	54-58
20138020-1	2010	We have recently reported that GDP-bound Rab27a regulates endocytosis of the insulin secretory membrane via its binding to coronin 3, an actin-binding protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	41-47
20138020-1	2010	We have recently reported that GDP-bound Rab27a regulates endocytosis of the insulin secretory membrane via its binding to coronin 3, an actin-binding protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	coronin 1C	Homo sapiens	123-132
20138020-3	2010	Coronin 3 promoted F-actin bundling only in the presence of GDP-Rab27a.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	coronin 1C	Homo sapiens	0-9
20138020-3	2010	Coronin 3 promoted F-actin bundling only in the presence of GDP-Rab27a.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	64-70
20235330-3	2010	Proton leak stimulated by linoleic acid and inhibited by guanosine diphosphate (GDP) was detected, in a manner that was correlated with protein levels for uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) in the three fractions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-78	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	155-175
20235330-3	2010	Proton leak stimulated by linoleic acid and inhibited by guanosine diphosphate (GDP) was detected, in a manner that was correlated with protein levels for uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) in the three fractions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-78	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	177-181
20235330-3	2010	Proton leak stimulated by linoleic acid and inhibited by guanosine diphosphate (GDP) was detected, in a manner that was correlated with protein levels for uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) in the three fractions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	155-175
20235330-3	2010	Proton leak stimulated by linoleic acid and inhibited by guanosine diphosphate (GDP) was detected, in a manner that was correlated with protein levels for uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) in the three fractions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	177-181
20375790-1	2010	INTRODUCTION: LyGDI is an inhibitor of Rho protein activation by blocking its transformation between guanosine 5"-diphosphate- and guanosine 5"-triphosphate-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-125	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	14-19
20093398-6	2010	Interestingly, the GDP- and GTP-bound ARF1 mutants arrested the receptors in distinct intracellular compartments.	Guanosine Diphosphate	19-22	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	38-42
20093398-7	2010	Consistent with the reduced receptor cell surface expression, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 activation by receptor agonists was significantly attenuated by the GDP-bound mutant ARF1T31N.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	62-107
20093398-7	2010	Consistent with the reduced receptor cell surface expression, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 activation by receptor agonists was significantly attenuated by the GDP-bound mutant ARF1T31N.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	193-197
20127689-3	2010	Prenylcysteine analogues and the replacement of GDP by non-hydrolysable GTP analogues prevented the formation of Rho GTPase-RhoGDI alpha complexes in a concentration-dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	124-130
20171953-8	2010	Rdi1p, which inhibits the dissociation of GDP from Rho proteins, blocked both Cdc42p and Rho1p activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	Rdi1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-5
20171953-8	2010	Rdi1p, which inhibits the dissociation of GDP from Rho proteins, blocked both Cdc42p and Rho1p activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	78-84
20171953-8	2010	Rdi1p, which inhibits the dissociation of GDP from Rho proteins, blocked both Cdc42p and Rho1p activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	89-94
20132865-10	2010	The effects can be explained by a model, where (i) monovalent ions as well as a charge-neutralizing mutation of Asp80(2.50) generally reduce the interaction of hH(3)R with G proteins, (ii) monovalent anions increase the affinity of G proteins for GDP and thus, indirectly affect their interaction with hH(3)R and, (iii) Asp80(2.50) is a key residue for hH(3)R/Galpha(i3)-protein activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	247-250	histamine receptor H3	Homo sapiens	160-166
20075078-1	2010	Active G protein-coupled receptors activate heterotrimeric Galphabetagamma proteins by catalyzing the exchange of GDP by GTP at the Galpha subunit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	59-65
20148892-2	2010	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We have examined the effects of ligand efficacy and receptor density on the binding of guanosine 5"-[gamma-thio]triphosphate (GTPgammaS) and GDP to the nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) peptide receptor (NOP)-coupled G-proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	176-186
20148892-2	2010	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We have examined the effects of ligand efficacy and receptor density on the binding of guanosine 5"-[gamma-thio]triphosphate (GTPgammaS) and GDP to the nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) peptide receptor (NOP)-coupled G-proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	187-198
20148892-2	2010	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We have examined the effects of ligand efficacy and receptor density on the binding of guanosine 5"-[gamma-thio]triphosphate (GTPgammaS) and GDP to the nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) peptide receptor (NOP)-coupled G-proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	200-205
20148892-5	2010	In the presence of 1 microM N/OFQ a high-affinity GDP binding site was also present, but the fraction of total binding was reduced.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	28-33
20148892-6	2010	In an efficacy-dependent manner, the partial agonists [F/G]N/OFQ(1-13)NH(2) ([Phe(1)psi(CH(2)-NH)Gly(2)]-nociceptin(1-13)NH(2)) and naloxone benzoylhydrazone both reduced the fraction of high-affinity sites for GDP (relative to basal).	Guanosine Diphosphate	211-214	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	105-115
20148892-7	2010	While the pIC(50) for high-affinity GDP binding site did not decrease in the presence of 1 microM N/OFQ, N/OFQ produced a significant reduction in pIC(50) for the low-affinity site.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	105-110
20068007-5	2010	In addition, immunoprecipitation analysis reveals that MyH9 is constitutively associated with classical Gs-coupled FSH-R and inactive GDP-bound G alpha h at resting state of rat SCs, but did not interact with FSH directly as judged by Far-Western analysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	myosin heavy chain 9-like 1	Rattus norvegicus	55-59
20018869-6	2010	We compared RhoA nucleotide exchange from GDP to GTP and GTP analogues in the absence and presence of the catalytic DH-PH domain of PDZ-RhoGEF (DH-PH(PRG)).	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	12-16
20018875-7	2010	Biochemical experiments show that G betagamma greatly enhances the binding of GIRK1 subunit to G alpha(i3)(GDP) and, unexpectedly, to G alpha(i3)(GTP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 3	Homo sapiens	78-83
20170508-7	2010	Indeed, all retrogene-encoded GTPases have an increased GTP/GDP binding ratio in vivo, indicating that their conformations resemble that of active GTP-bound Rap1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	157-161
20028973-4	2010	The inhibition of cap-dependent translation by m(7)GDP in the cell-free translation system or induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress in hepatoma-derived cells resulted in stimulation of the c-Src IRES activities.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	193-198
20174625-5	2010	In this study we have used comparative modelling to recreate an exchange-competent form of a late, pre-GDP-ejection intermediate species in Arf1, a well-characterized small G-protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	140-144
20169068-7	2010	These studies show that the indirect pathway constitutes a positive feedback loop for converting Rab5-GDP to Rab5-GTP on the endosomal membrane and allows sensitive regulation of endosome fusion activity by the levels of Rab5 and Rabex-5 in the cell.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	97-101
20169068-7	2010	These studies show that the indirect pathway constitutes a positive feedback loop for converting Rab5-GDP to Rab5-GTP on the endosomal membrane and allows sensitive regulation of endosome fusion activity by the levels of Rab5 and Rabex-5 in the cell.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	109-113
20169068-7	2010	These studies show that the indirect pathway constitutes a positive feedback loop for converting Rab5-GDP to Rab5-GTP on the endosomal membrane and allows sensitive regulation of endosome fusion activity by the levels of Rab5 and Rabex-5 in the cell.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	109-113
20169068-7	2010	These studies show that the indirect pathway constitutes a positive feedback loop for converting Rab5-GDP to Rab5-GTP on the endosomal membrane and allows sensitive regulation of endosome fusion activity by the levels of Rab5 and Rabex-5 in the cell.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	RAB guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	230-237
20124489-2	2010	Rap1GAP, a Rap1 GTPase-activating protein, inhibits the RAS superfamily protein Rap1 by facilitating hydrolysis of GTP to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-4
20124489-2	2010	Rap1GAP, a Rap1 GTPase-activating protein, inhibits the RAS superfamily protein Rap1 by facilitating hydrolysis of GTP to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	11-15
19995790-8	2010	Recombinant HRAS(E37dup) was characterized by slightly increased GTP/GDP dissociation, lower intrinsic GTPase activity and complete resistance to neurofibromin 1 GTPase-activating protein (GAP) stimulation due to dramatically reduced binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	12-16
19890090-4	2010	The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of current understanding of the identity of small G proteins (e.g., Cdc42, Rac1, and ARF-6) and their corresponding regulatory factors (e.g., GDP/GTP-exchange factors, GDP-dissociation inhibitors) in the pancreatic beta-cell.	Guanosine Diphosphate	196-199	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	122-127
20007700-4	2010	Expression of either GTP- or GDP-locked Cdc42p mutants caused several morphological defects including enlarged cells and fragmented vacuoles.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	40-46
19958747-4	2010	We show that the skeletal muscle UCP1 can be fully inhibited by a purine nucleotide (GDP) and reactivated by fatty acids (palmitate).	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	33-37
19890090-4	2010	The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of current understanding of the identity of small G proteins (e.g., Cdc42, Rac1, and ARF-6) and their corresponding regulatory factors (e.g., GDP/GTP-exchange factors, GDP-dissociation inhibitors) in the pancreatic beta-cell.	Guanosine Diphosphate	196-199	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	129-133
19890090-4	2010	The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of current understanding of the identity of small G proteins (e.g., Cdc42, Rac1, and ARF-6) and their corresponding regulatory factors (e.g., GDP/GTP-exchange factors, GDP-dissociation inhibitors) in the pancreatic beta-cell.	Guanosine Diphosphate	196-199	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	139-144
19955083-10	2010	We identified GGC1, a mitochondrial GTP/GDP carrier, as a new component of the rapamycin/target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	Ggc1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	14-18
20145037-3	2010	Activated RalGEFs convert the Ral family of small GTPases, composed of RalA and RalB, from an inactive GDP-bound state to an active GTP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	10-13
20145037-3	2010	Activated RalGEFs convert the Ral family of small GTPases, composed of RalA and RalB, from an inactive GDP-bound state to an active GTP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	71-75
20145037-3	2010	Activated RalGEFs convert the Ral family of small GTPases, composed of RalA and RalB, from an inactive GDP-bound state to an active GTP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	RAS like proto-oncogene B	Homo sapiens	80-84
19940162-5	2010	The affinities of Sec-tRNA(Sec) to SelB in the GDP or apoforms, or Ser-tRNA(Sec) and tRNA(Sec) to SelB in any form, are similar (K(d) = 0.5 microm).	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	eukaryotic elongation factor, selenocysteine-tRNA specific	Homo sapiens	35-39
20038631-5	2010	The structure suggests how tmRNA and SmpB move into the ribosome decoding site after the release of EF-Tu.GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	100-105
19942850-1	2010	GDP-bound prenylated Rabs, sequestered by GDI (GDP dissociation inhibitor) in the cytosol, are delivered to destined sub-cellular compartment and subsequently activated by GEFs (guanine nucleotide exchange factors) catalysing GDP-to-GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	21-25
20000716-6	2010	Interaction of reconstituted UCPs with GDP and GTP, inhibitors of the prototypic UCP1, was detected by near-UV CD and fluorescence spectroscopy, utilizing the sensitivity of these techniques to microenvironments around Trp residues close to the nucleotide binding site.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	81-85
19942850-1	2010	GDP-bound prenylated Rabs, sequestered by GDI (GDP dissociation inhibitor) in the cytosol, are delivered to destined sub-cellular compartment and subsequently activated by GEFs (guanine nucleotide exchange factors) catalysing GDP-to-GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	21-25
19942850-1	2010	GDP-bound prenylated Rabs, sequestered by GDI (GDP dissociation inhibitor) in the cytosol, are delivered to destined sub-cellular compartment and subsequently activated by GEFs (guanine nucleotide exchange factors) catalysing GDP-to-GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	21-25
19942850-7	2010	In comparison with an eukaryotic GEF TRAPP I, this bacterial GEF/GDF exhibits high binding affinity for Rab1 with GDP retained at the active site, which appears as the key feature for the GDF activity of the protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	33-36
19942850-7	2010	In comparison with an eukaryotic GEF TRAPP I, this bacterial GEF/GDF exhibits high binding affinity for Rab1 with GDP retained at the active site, which appears as the key feature for the GDF activity of the protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	61-64
19942850-7	2010	In comparison with an eukaryotic GEF TRAPP I, this bacterial GEF/GDF exhibits high binding affinity for Rab1 with GDP retained at the active site, which appears as the key feature for the GDF activity of the protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	104-108
19887789-7	2010	Changes in both alpha-SMA and E-cadherin protein levels were less with low (L)-GDP bicarbonate/lactate-buffered PDF compared to high (H)-GDP PDF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	cadherin 1	Homo sapiens	30-40
20056977-7	2010	RESULTS: In SNX+GDP animals, expression of the advanced glycation end product (AGE) marker carboxymethyllysine and receptor of AGE (RAGE) were significantly higher in the myocardium and the aorta compared to the SNX rats.	Guanosine Diphosphate	16-19	advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor	Rattus norvegicus	132-136
21152446-6	2010	Addition of the specific ANT inhibitor CAT (carboxyatractylate), in micromolar concentration, prior to GDP prevented its recoupling effect.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	solute carrier family 25 member 6	Homo sapiens	25-28
21152446-7	2010	Moreover, GDP and ADP exhibited a competitive kinetic behavior with respect to ANT.	Guanosine Diphosphate	10-13	solute carrier family 25 member 6	Homo sapiens	79-82
20124489-2	2010	Rap1GAP, a Rap1 GTPase-activating protein, inhibits the RAS superfamily protein Rap1 by facilitating hydrolysis of GTP to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	RAP1 GTPase activating protein	Homo sapiens	0-7
19788939-4	2010	Only UCP1 showed a strong (3.6-fold increase of the ratio of mitochondrial state 4 respiration rate to FCCP-stimulated fully uncoupled respiration rate) and GDP-inhibitable uncoupling activity, while the uncoupling activities of both UCP2 and lamprey UCP were relatively weak (1.5-fold and 1.4-fold, respectively) and GDP-insensitive.	Guanosine Diphosphate	157-160	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	5-9
19788939-4	2010	Only UCP1 showed a strong (3.6-fold increase of the ratio of mitochondrial state 4 respiration rate to FCCP-stimulated fully uncoupled respiration rate) and GDP-inhibitable uncoupling activity, while the uncoupling activities of both UCP2 and lamprey UCP were relatively weak (1.5-fold and 1.4-fold, respectively) and GDP-insensitive.	Guanosine Diphosphate	318-321	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	5-9
20056977-8	2010	We also found significantly higher levels of apoptosis measured by caspase 3 staining in the cardiovascular system in the SNX+GDP group.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-129	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	67-76
19760664-2	2009	Galpha(t) exhibits a low rate of basal (uncatalyzed) nucleotide exchange and an ordered Switch II region in the GDP-bound state, unlike Galpha(i), which exhibits higher basal exchange and a disordered Switch II region in Galpha(i)GDP structures.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	0-6
19906736-4	2010	We have studied complex formation between full-length eRF3 and its ligands (GDP, GTP, eRF1 and PABP) using isothermal titration calorimetry, demonstrating formation of the eRF1:eRF3:PABP:GTP complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	transcription factor AP-2 gamma	Homo sapiens	172-176
20011522-1	2009	BACKGROUND: Vav1 and RasGRF2 are GDP/GTP exchange factors for Ras superfamily GTPases with roles in the development and/or effector functions of T-lymphocytes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-36	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	12-16
20011522-1	2009	BACKGROUND: Vav1 and RasGRF2 are GDP/GTP exchange factors for Ras superfamily GTPases with roles in the development and/or effector functions of T-lymphocytes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-36	RAS protein-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 2	Mus musculus	21-28
19703944-3	2009	Lubrol PX, a non-ionic detergent, which has been widely used in nucleotide dissociation/binding assays, was found to accelerate both GDP dissociation and GTPgammaS binding from/to Galpha in parallel at above its critical micelle concentration (cmc).	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	180-186
19703944-6	2009	These results demonstrate that the guanine nucleotide exchange reactions of Galpha(i1) are drastically modulated by detergents differently depending on the type and the state (monomeric or micellar) of the detergents and that dissociation of GDP from Galpha(i1) does not necessarily lead to immediate binding of GTP to Galpha(i1) in some cases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	242-245	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	76-85
19703944-6	2009	These results demonstrate that the guanine nucleotide exchange reactions of Galpha(i1) are drastically modulated by detergents differently depending on the type and the state (monomeric or micellar) of the detergents and that dissociation of GDP from Galpha(i1) does not necessarily lead to immediate binding of GTP to Galpha(i1) in some cases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	242-245	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	251-260
19703944-6	2009	These results demonstrate that the guanine nucleotide exchange reactions of Galpha(i1) are drastically modulated by detergents differently depending on the type and the state (monomeric or micellar) of the detergents and that dissociation of GDP from Galpha(i1) does not necessarily lead to immediate binding of GTP to Galpha(i1) in some cases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	242-245	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	251-260
19437048-2	2009	Using these methodologies, binding of the GoLoco motif peptide to the Galpha(i1) subunit was found to restrict the relative movement of the helical and catalytic domains in the Galpha(i1) subunit, which is in agreement with a proposed mechanism of GDP dissociation inhibition by GoLoco motif proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	248-251	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	70-79
19437048-2	2009	Using these methodologies, binding of the GoLoco motif peptide to the Galpha(i1) subunit was found to restrict the relative movement of the helical and catalytic domains in the Galpha(i1) subunit, which is in agreement with a proposed mechanism of GDP dissociation inhibition by GoLoco motif proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	248-251	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	177-186
19776012-0	2009	Improved binding of raf to Ras.GDP is correlated with biological activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	20-23
19776012-6	2009	We demonstrate that Ras-Raf interaction can only be improved at the cost of a loss in specificity of Ras.GTP versus Ras.GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	24-27
19776012-7	2009	As shown by NMR spectroscopy, the Raf mutation A85K leads to a shift of Ras switch I in the GTP-bound as well as in the GDP-bound state, thereby increasing the complex stability.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	34-37
19703466-3	2009	For example, mutant Galpha(i1)-T329A shows an 18-fold increase in basal GDP release rate and, when expressed in culture, it causes a significant decrease in forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	20-29
19703466-4	2009	The crystal structure of Galpha(i1)-T329A.GDP shows substantial conformational rearrangement of the switch I region and additional striking alterations of side chains lining the catalytic pocket that disrupt the Mg(+2) coordination sphere and dislodge bound Mg(+2).	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	25-34
19586612-7	2009	This route also depends on synaptotagmin (Syt) II and the Rab7 GTPase, whereby Syt II knock-down or expression of the GDP-locked Rab7 inactive mutant prevents PKC alpha degradation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	synaptotagmin 1	Homo sapiens	27-40
19586612-7	2009	This route also depends on synaptotagmin (Syt) II and the Rab7 GTPase, whereby Syt II knock-down or expression of the GDP-locked Rab7 inactive mutant prevents PKC alpha degradation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	synaptotagmin 1	Homo sapiens	42-45
19586612-7	2009	This route also depends on synaptotagmin (Syt) II and the Rab7 GTPase, whereby Syt II knock-down or expression of the GDP-locked Rab7 inactive mutant prevents PKC alpha degradation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	RAB7A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	58-62
19586612-7	2009	This route also depends on synaptotagmin (Syt) II and the Rab7 GTPase, whereby Syt II knock-down or expression of the GDP-locked Rab7 inactive mutant prevents PKC alpha degradation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	RAB7A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	129-133
19586612-7	2009	This route also depends on synaptotagmin (Syt) II and the Rab7 GTPase, whereby Syt II knock-down or expression of the GDP-locked Rab7 inactive mutant prevents PKC alpha degradation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	159-168
19819222-7	2009	These findings might be of use for revealing the profound mechanism of the displacements of Rab5a switch regions, as well as the mechanism of the GDP dissociation and GTP association.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	92-97
19896381-3	2009	RESULTS: We show that the ARF6 GTP/GDP cycle regulates the release of protease-loaded plasma membrane-derived microvesicles from tumor cells into the surrounding environment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	26-30
19820068-3	2009	However, measuring GAP activity is complicated by slow guanosine diphosphate (GDP) release from Galpha and lack of solution phase assays for detecting free GDP in the presence of excess guanosine triphosphate (GTP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	96-102
19820068-4	2009	To overcome these hurdles, the authors developed a Galpha(i1) mutant with increased GDP dissociation and decreased GTP hydrolysis rates, enabling detection of GAP activity using steady-state GTP hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	nischarin	Homo sapiens	51-60
19820068-8	2009	Combining Galpha(i1)(R178M/A326S) with a homogeneous, fluorescence-based GDP detection assay provides a facile means to explore the targeting of RGS proteins as a new approach for selective modulation of GPCR signaling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	145-148
19783621-1	2009	According to accepted doctrine, agonist-bound G protein-coupled receptors catalyze the exchange of GDP for GTP and facilitate the dissociation of Galpha and Gbetagamma, which in turn regulate their respective effectors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	99-102	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	146-152
19783621-5	2009	GDP-bound Galpha(s) and Gbetagamma did not compete, but rather facilitated their interaction with 5NT, consistent with the isolation of a ternary complex (5NT, Galpha(s), and Gbetagamma) by gel filtration.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	10-16
19783621-5	2009	GDP-bound Galpha(s) and Gbetagamma did not compete, but rather facilitated their interaction with 5NT, consistent with the isolation of a ternary complex (5NT, Galpha(s), and Gbetagamma) by gel filtration.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	160-166
19760664-2	2009	Galpha(t) exhibits a low rate of basal (uncatalyzed) nucleotide exchange and an ordered Switch II region in the GDP-bound state, unlike Galpha(i), which exhibits higher basal exchange and a disordered Switch II region in Galpha(i)GDP structures.	Guanosine Diphosphate	230-233	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	0-6
19654316-7	2009	In contrast, cytoplasmic p27(kip1) has been demonstrated to bind GDP-RhoA and inhibit GDP-GTP exchange mediated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1B	Homo sapiens	25-33
19833919-3	2009	Fusidic acid traps EF-G in a conformation intermediate between the guanosine triphosphate and guanosine diphosphate forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	94-115	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	19-23
19723022-4	2009	Unlike other Rho family proteins, Rnd3 is regulated not by GTP/GDP cycling, but at the level of expression and by post-translational modifications such as prenylation and phosphorylation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	Rho family GTPase 3	Homo sapiens	34-38
19851462-6	2009	We find that under conditions of microtubule growth, EB1 not only tip tracks, as previously shown, but also preferentially recognizes the GMPCPP microtubule lattice as opposed to the GDP lattice.	Guanosine Diphosphate	183-186	microtubule associated protein RP/EB family member 1	Homo sapiens	53-56
19654316-7	2009	In contrast, cytoplasmic p27(kip1) has been demonstrated to bind GDP-RhoA and inhibit GDP-GTP exchange mediated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	69-73
19642867-7	2009	In vitro GTP/GDP binding analyses demonstrate different affinity of RhoC for GTP[S] and faster intrinsic and guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF)-stimulated GDP/GTP exchange rates compared to RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	13-16	ras homolog family member C	Homo sapiens	68-72
19642867-7	2009	In vitro GTP/GDP binding analyses demonstrate different affinity of RhoC for GTP[S] and faster intrinsic and guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF)-stimulated GDP/GTP exchange rates compared to RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	13-16	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	109-143
19642867-7	2009	In vitro GTP/GDP binding analyses demonstrate different affinity of RhoC for GTP[S] and faster intrinsic and guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF)-stimulated GDP/GTP exchange rates compared to RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	13-16	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	145-148
19642867-7	2009	In vitro GTP/GDP binding analyses demonstrate different affinity of RhoC for GTP[S] and faster intrinsic and guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF)-stimulated GDP/GTP exchange rates compared to RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	161-164	ras homolog family member C	Homo sapiens	68-72
19642867-7	2009	In vitro GTP/GDP binding analyses demonstrate different affinity of RhoC for GTP[S] and faster intrinsic and guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF)-stimulated GDP/GTP exchange rates compared to RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	161-164	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	109-143
19637283-4	2009	UCP2 appears to enhance proton leak, leading to mild uncoupling in a guanosine diphosphate-repressible manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-90	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	0-4
19692568-1	2009	RasGRF family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) promote guanosine diphosphate (GDP)/guanosine triphosphate (GTP) exchange on several Ras GTPases, including H-Ras and TC21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-86	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
19692568-1	2009	RasGRF family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) promote guanosine diphosphate (GDP)/guanosine triphosphate (GTP) exchange on several Ras GTPases, including H-Ras and TC21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-86	RAS related 2	Homo sapiens	175-179
19692568-1	2009	RasGRF family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) promote guanosine diphosphate (GDP)/guanosine triphosphate (GTP) exchange on several Ras GTPases, including H-Ras and TC21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
19692568-1	2009	RasGRF family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) promote guanosine diphosphate (GDP)/guanosine triphosphate (GTP) exchange on several Ras GTPases, including H-Ras and TC21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	RAS related 2	Homo sapiens	175-179
19789809-5	2009	Western blotting indicated that the photochemical reaction phosphorylated GDP-RhoA to GTP-RhoA, a protein that promotes stress fiber formation and inhibits VE-cadherin production.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	78-82
19789809-5	2009	Western blotting indicated that the photochemical reaction phosphorylated GDP-RhoA to GTP-RhoA, a protein that promotes stress fiber formation and inhibits VE-cadherin production.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	90-94
19789809-5	2009	Western blotting indicated that the photochemical reaction phosphorylated GDP-RhoA to GTP-RhoA, a protein that promotes stress fiber formation and inhibits VE-cadherin production.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	cadherin 5	Homo sapiens	156-167
19826234-4	2009	Upon activation by a ligand, the GPCR undergoes a conformational change and then activate the G proteins by promoting the exchange of GDP/GTP associated with the Galpha subunit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	G protein coupled receptor	Arabidopsis thaliana	33-37
19460440-5	2009	We show that recombinant Arabidopsis thaliana atDRG1 and atDRG2a are able to bind GDP and GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	82-85	developmentally regulated G-protein 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	46-52
19670212-1	2009	The DH-PH domain tandems of Dbl-homology guanine nucleotide exchange factors catalyze the exchange of GTP for GDP in Rho-family GTPases, and thus initiate a wide variety of cellular signaling cascades.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	28-31
19546222-5	2009	Epac stimulates the exchange of GDP for GTP on Rap1, upstream of a phospholipase C. The Epac-selective cAMP analogue 8-pCPT-2"-O-Me-cAMP induces a phospholipase C-dependent calcium mobilization in human sperm suspensions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
19546222-5	2009	Epac stimulates the exchange of GDP for GTP on Rap1, upstream of a phospholipase C. The Epac-selective cAMP analogue 8-pCPT-2"-O-Me-cAMP induces a phospholipase C-dependent calcium mobilization in human sperm suspensions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	RAB guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	47-51
19546222-5	2009	Epac stimulates the exchange of GDP for GTP on Rap1, upstream of a phospholipase C. The Epac-selective cAMP analogue 8-pCPT-2"-O-Me-cAMP induces a phospholipase C-dependent calcium mobilization in human sperm suspensions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	88-92
19546222-5	2009	Epac stimulates the exchange of GDP for GTP on Rap1, upstream of a phospholipase C. The Epac-selective cAMP analogue 8-pCPT-2"-O-Me-cAMP induces a phospholipase C-dependent calcium mobilization in human sperm suspensions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide	Homo sapiens	103-107
19546222-5	2009	Epac stimulates the exchange of GDP for GTP on Rap1, upstream of a phospholipase C. The Epac-selective cAMP analogue 8-pCPT-2"-O-Me-cAMP induces a phospholipase C-dependent calcium mobilization in human sperm suspensions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide	Homo sapiens	132-136
19546222-7	2009	Challenging sperm with calcium or 8-pCPT-2"-O-Me-cAMP boosts the exchange of GDP for GTP on Rab3A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide	Homo sapiens	49-53
19546222-7	2009	Challenging sperm with calcium or 8-pCPT-2"-O-Me-cAMP boosts the exchange of GDP for GTP on Rab3A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	92-97
19745154-3	2009	Through structural analysis of DOCK9-Cdc42 complexes, we identify a nucleotide sensor within the alpha10 helix of the DHR2 domain that contributes to release of guanine diphosphate (GDP) and then to discharge of the activated GTP-bound Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	182-185	dedicator of cytokinesis 9	Homo sapiens	31-36
19745154-3	2009	Through structural analysis of DOCK9-Cdc42 complexes, we identify a nucleotide sensor within the alpha10 helix of the DHR2 domain that contributes to release of guanine diphosphate (GDP) and then to discharge of the activated GTP-bound Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	182-185	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	37-42
19745154-3	2009	Through structural analysis of DOCK9-Cdc42 complexes, we identify a nucleotide sensor within the alpha10 helix of the DHR2 domain that contributes to release of guanine diphosphate (GDP) and then to discharge of the activated GTP-bound Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	182-185	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	236-241
19745154-5	2009	These studies identify an unusual mechanism of GDP release and define the complete GEF catalytic cycle from GDP dissociation followed by GTP binding and discharge of the activated GTPase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	83-86
19745154-5	2009	These studies identify an unusual mechanism of GDP release and define the complete GEF catalytic cycle from GDP dissociation followed by GTP binding and discharge of the activated GTPase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	83-86
19748353-3	2009	Expression of a constitutively active (GTP-bound) Gtr1(GTP), which interacted strongly with TORC1, rendered TORC1 partially resistant to leucine deprivation, whereas expression of a growth inhibitory, GDP-bound Gtr1(GDP), caused constitutively low TORC1 activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	201-204	Rag GTPase GTR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	50-54
19748353-3	2009	Expression of a constitutively active (GTP-bound) Gtr1(GTP), which interacted strongly with TORC1, rendered TORC1 partially resistant to leucine deprivation, whereas expression of a growth inhibitory, GDP-bound Gtr1(GDP), caused constitutively low TORC1 activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	216-219	Rag GTPase GTR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	50-54
19515453-11	2009	These results indicate that constitutively-active RhoA antagonizes several cellular activities that contribute to proliferation, highlighting the importance for cycling between GTP/GDP-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	181-184	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	50-54
19642867-7	2009	In vitro GTP/GDP binding analyses demonstrate different affinity of RhoC for GTP[S] and faster intrinsic and guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF)-stimulated GDP/GTP exchange rates compared to RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	161-164	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	145-148
19570914-3	2009	In most cases GoLoco binds exclusively to the GDP-loaded form of the Galpha-subunits.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	G protein alpha q subunit	Drosophila melanogaster	69-75
19570914-4	2009	Here we demonstrate that the poly-GoLoco-containing protein Pins of Drosophila can bind to both GDP- and GTP-forms of Drosophila Galpha(o).	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	G protein alpha q subunit	Drosophila melanogaster	129-135
19570981-3	2009	Here we demonstrate that human TCTP (hTCTP) interacts with human Rheb (hRheb) and accelerates its GDP release in vitro and that hTCTP activates the mTORC1 pathway in vivo.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	tumor protein, translationally-controlled 1	Homo sapiens	31-35
19570981-3	2009	Here we demonstrate that human TCTP (hTCTP) interacts with human Rheb (hRheb) and accelerates its GDP release in vitro and that hTCTP activates the mTORC1 pathway in vivo.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	tumor protein, translationally-controlled 1	Homo sapiens	37-42
19570981-4	2009	To investigate the underlying mechanism, we built structure models of GDP- and GTP-bound hRheb in complexes with hTCTP and performed molecular dynamics simulations of the models, which predict key residues involved in the interactions and region of hRheb undergoing conformational change during the GDP-GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	tumor protein, translationally-controlled 1	Homo sapiens	113-118
19570981-4	2009	To investigate the underlying mechanism, we built structure models of GDP- and GTP-bound hRheb in complexes with hTCTP and performed molecular dynamics simulations of the models, which predict key residues involved in the interactions and region of hRheb undergoing conformational change during the GDP-GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding	Homo sapiens	249-254
19693279-8	2009	However, the GDP-bound mutant, Rab21-T33N, did not localize on the formed macropinosomes, suggesting that the binding of GTP to Rab21 is required for the proper recruitment of Rab21 onto the macropinosomes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	13-16	RAB21, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	31-36
19693279-8	2009	However, the GDP-bound mutant, Rab21-T33N, did not localize on the formed macropinosomes, suggesting that the binding of GTP to Rab21 is required for the proper recruitment of Rab21 onto the macropinosomes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	13-16	RAB21, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	128-133
19693279-8	2009	However, the GDP-bound mutant, Rab21-T33N, did not localize on the formed macropinosomes, suggesting that the binding of GTP to Rab21 is required for the proper recruitment of Rab21 onto the macropinosomes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	13-16	RAB21, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	128-133
19640371-12	2009	The most biocompatible solution (low-GDP) induced the lowest expression of peritoneal monocytes and TLR4.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	toll like receptor 4	Homo sapiens	100-104
19590084-5	2009	After treatment with either guanosine diphosphate or carboxyatractylate alone, proton conductance was lower in HFE compared with LFE mitochondria.	Guanosine Diphosphate	28-49	homeostatic iron regulator	Homo sapiens	111-114
20009555-4	2009	GDP-bound Rab proteins are extracted from their target membrane by cytosolic proteins known as GDP dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), and the Rab GTPase is recruited to the membrane compartment following dissociation from the GDI by GDI displacement factor (GDF).	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	ArfGAP with FG repeats 1	Homo sapiens	10-13
20009555-4	2009	GDP-bound Rab proteins are extracted from their target membrane by cytosolic proteins known as GDP dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), and the Rab GTPase is recruited to the membrane compartment following dissociation from the GDI by GDI displacement factor (GDF).	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	ArfGAP with FG repeats 1	Homo sapiens	139-142
19626334-3	2009	We show that both GTP- and GDP-restricted Sar1 prevents exit of Cx43 from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), but only GTP-restricted Sar1 arrests Cx43 in COP II-coated ER exit sites and accumulates 14-3-3 proteins in the ER fraction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	27-30	secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1A	Homo sapiens	42-46
19626334-3	2009	We show that both GTP- and GDP-restricted Sar1 prevents exit of Cx43 from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), but only GTP-restricted Sar1 arrests Cx43 in COP II-coated ER exit sites and accumulates 14-3-3 proteins in the ER fraction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	27-30	gap junction protein alpha 1	Homo sapiens	64-68
19573020-5	2009	Purified atlastin-1 transformed phosphatidylserine liposomes into branched tubules and polygonal networks of tubules and vesicles, an action inhibited by GDP and the synthetic dynamin inhibitor dynasore.	Guanosine Diphosphate	154-157	atlastin GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	9-19
19533802-3	2009	Physiological expression of Vav1 is restricted to the haematopoietic system, where its best-known function is as a GDP/GTP nucleotide exchange factor for Rho/RacGTPases, an activity strictly controlled by tyrosine phosphorylation downstream of cell surface receptors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
19581296-5	2009	Despite having similar affinities for the signaling-inactive (GDP-bound) and signaling-active (GTP-bound) forms of Cdc42 in solution, we show that when RhoGDI interacts with Cdc42 along the membrane surface, it has a much higher affinity for GDP-bound Cdc42 compared with its GTP-bound counterpart.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	152-158
19581296-5	2009	Despite having similar affinities for the signaling-inactive (GDP-bound) and signaling-active (GTP-bound) forms of Cdc42 in solution, we show that when RhoGDI interacts with Cdc42 along the membrane surface, it has a much higher affinity for GDP-bound Cdc42 compared with its GTP-bound counterpart.	Guanosine Diphosphate	242-245	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	115-120
19581296-5	2009	Despite having similar affinities for the signaling-inactive (GDP-bound) and signaling-active (GTP-bound) forms of Cdc42 in solution, we show that when RhoGDI interacts with Cdc42 along the membrane surface, it has a much higher affinity for GDP-bound Cdc42 compared with its GTP-bound counterpart.	Guanosine Diphosphate	242-245	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	152-158
19581296-5	2009	Despite having similar affinities for the signaling-inactive (GDP-bound) and signaling-active (GTP-bound) forms of Cdc42 in solution, we show that when RhoGDI interacts with Cdc42 along the membrane surface, it has a much higher affinity for GDP-bound Cdc42 compared with its GTP-bound counterpart.	Guanosine Diphosphate	242-245	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	174-179
19581296-5	2009	Despite having similar affinities for the signaling-inactive (GDP-bound) and signaling-active (GTP-bound) forms of Cdc42 in solution, we show that when RhoGDI interacts with Cdc42 along the membrane surface, it has a much higher affinity for GDP-bound Cdc42 compared with its GTP-bound counterpart.	Guanosine Diphosphate	242-245	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	174-179
19581296-8	2009	These findings lead us to propose a new model for how RhoGDI influences the ability of Cdc42 to move between membranes and the cytosol, which highlights the role of the membrane in helping RhoGDI to distinguish between the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of Cdc42 and holds important implications for how it functions as a key regulator of the cellular localization and signaling activities of this GTPase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	223-226	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	54-60
19581296-8	2009	These findings lead us to propose a new model for how RhoGDI influences the ability of Cdc42 to move between membranes and the cytosol, which highlights the role of the membrane in helping RhoGDI to distinguish between the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of Cdc42 and holds important implications for how it functions as a key regulator of the cellular localization and signaling activities of this GTPase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	223-226	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	87-92
19581296-8	2009	These findings lead us to propose a new model for how RhoGDI influences the ability of Cdc42 to move between membranes and the cytosol, which highlights the role of the membrane in helping RhoGDI to distinguish between the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of Cdc42 and holds important implications for how it functions as a key regulator of the cellular localization and signaling activities of this GTPase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	223-226	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	189-195
19581296-8	2009	These findings lead us to propose a new model for how RhoGDI influences the ability of Cdc42 to move between membranes and the cytosol, which highlights the role of the membrane in helping RhoGDI to distinguish between the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of Cdc42 and holds important implications for how it functions as a key regulator of the cellular localization and signaling activities of this GTPase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	223-226	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	251-256
19686126-2	2009	A key point of regulation in G protein-mediated signaling is the interconversion between the active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states of the Galpha subunit, which regulatory proteins, such as guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), can control.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	147-153
19372461-5	2009	Expression of GTP or GDP-bound Rab5a mutants block activated VEGFR2 trafficking and degradation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	31-36
19372461-5	2009	Expression of GTP or GDP-bound Rab5a mutants block activated VEGFR2 trafficking and degradation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	kinase insert domain receptor	Homo sapiens	61-67
19433581-6	2009	The RBEL1 proteins also exhibit a unique nucleotide-binding potential and, whereas the larger A and B isoforms are mainly GTP-bound, the smaller C and D variants bind to both GTP and GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	183-186	RAB, member RAS oncogene family like 6	Homo sapiens	4-9
19542357-6	2009	We propose that TBC-2 functions as a GAP to cycle RAB-5 from an active GTP-bound to an inactive GDP-bound state, which is required for maintaining RAB-5 dynamics on phagosomes and serves as a switch for the progression of phagosome maturation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	TBC (Tre-2/Bub2/Cdc16) domain family	Caenorhabditis elegans	16-21
19542357-6	2009	We propose that TBC-2 functions as a GAP to cycle RAB-5 from an active GTP-bound to an inactive GDP-bound state, which is required for maintaining RAB-5 dynamics on phagosomes and serves as a switch for the progression of phagosome maturation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	RAB family	Caenorhabditis elegans	50-55
19369247-7	2009	Injection of this peptide into cultured cells expressing eYFP-Galpha(i1)(GDP) and eCFP-Gbetagamma reduces the overall association of the subunits suggesting this site is operative in cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	62-71
19545407-5	2009	As a result, the genes for gamma (TEF4 and TEF3/CAM1) and alpha (TEF5/EFB1) subunits of the translation elongation factor eEF1B, known to catalyze the exchange of bound GDP for GTP on eEF1A, were revealed.	Guanosine Diphosphate	169-172	translation elongation factor EF1B gamma	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	34-38
19545407-5	2009	As a result, the genes for gamma (TEF4 and TEF3/CAM1) and alpha (TEF5/EFB1) subunits of the translation elongation factor eEF1B, known to catalyze the exchange of bound GDP for GTP on eEF1A, were revealed.	Guanosine Diphosphate	169-172	translation elongation factor EF1B gamma	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	43-47
19545407-5	2009	As a result, the genes for gamma (TEF4 and TEF3/CAM1) and alpha (TEF5/EFB1) subunits of the translation elongation factor eEF1B, known to catalyze the exchange of bound GDP for GTP on eEF1A, were revealed.	Guanosine Diphosphate	169-172	translation elongation factor EF1B gamma	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	48-52
19545407-5	2009	As a result, the genes for gamma (TEF4 and TEF3/CAM1) and alpha (TEF5/EFB1) subunits of the translation elongation factor eEF1B, known to catalyze the exchange of bound GDP for GTP on eEF1A, were revealed.	Guanosine Diphosphate	169-172	translation elongation factor 1 subunit beta	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	65-69
19545407-5	2009	As a result, the genes for gamma (TEF4 and TEF3/CAM1) and alpha (TEF5/EFB1) subunits of the translation elongation factor eEF1B, known to catalyze the exchange of bound GDP for GTP on eEF1A, were revealed.	Guanosine Diphosphate	169-172	translation elongation factor 1 subunit beta	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	70-74
19361519-2	2009	Here we measured rate and equilibrium constants that define the interaction of Ypt1p with guanine nucleotide (guanosine 5"-diphosphate and guanosine 5"-triphosphate/guanosine 5"-(beta,gamma-imido)triphosphate) and the core TRAPP subunits required for GEF activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-134	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	79-84
19538723-1	2009	RhoGDIbeta, a Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor, induced hypertrophic growth and cell migration in a cultured cardiomyoblast cell line, H9c2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	18-21	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	0-10
19303656-5	2009	RESULTS: We found a significant GDP insensitive uncoupling activity of HDMCP in yeast mitochondria and its increased expression in animal and cell models.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	solute carrier family 25 member 47	Homo sapiens	71-76
19332557-2	2009	The bulk of Rap1 is expressed in a GDP-bound state on intracellular vesicles.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	12-16
19289470-1	2009	Protrudin is a protein that contains a Rab11-binding domain and a FYVE (lipid-binding) domain and that functions to promote neurite formation through interaction with the GDP-bound form of Rab11.	Guanosine Diphosphate	171-174	zinc finger FYVE-type containing 27	Rattus norvegicus	0-9
19289470-1	2009	Protrudin is a protein that contains a Rab11-binding domain and a FYVE (lipid-binding) domain and that functions to promote neurite formation through interaction with the GDP-bound form of Rab11.	Guanosine Diphosphate	171-174	RAB11a, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	189-194
19029030-1	2009	PURPOSE: This study was undertaken to improve understanding of the defective lens developmental changes induced by the transgenic overexpression of the Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor RhoGDIalpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) alpha	Mus musculus	183-194
19445518-5	2009	Vps15 contains multiple WD repeats and also binds to Gpa1 preferentially in the GDP-bound state; these observations led us to hypothesize that Vps15 may function as a G protein beta subunit at the endosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	ubiquitin-binding serine/threonine protein kinase VPS15	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-5
19445518-5	2009	Vps15 contains multiple WD repeats and also binds to Gpa1 preferentially in the GDP-bound state; these observations led us to hypothesize that Vps15 may function as a G protein beta subunit at the endosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	53-57
19445518-5	2009	Vps15 contains multiple WD repeats and also binds to Gpa1 preferentially in the GDP-bound state; these observations led us to hypothesize that Vps15 may function as a G protein beta subunit at the endosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	ubiquitin-binding serine/threonine protein kinase VPS15	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	143-148
19332778-2	2009	Brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange proteins (BIG)1 and BIG2 catalyze the activation of class I ARFs by accelerating replacement of bound GDP with GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	152-155	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	60-65
19332778-2	2009	Brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange proteins (BIG)1 and BIG2 catalyze the activation of class I ARFs by accelerating replacement of bound GDP with GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	152-155	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	70-74
19221465-3	2009	The cellular stress resulting from the GTP/GDP depletion leads to the activation of the small GTPase Cdc42 and the remodeling of actin, which are crucial events in the transmission of the MPA-mediated necrotic signal.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	101-106
19262171-6	2009	Dematin may bind and inhibit GEF activity, form an inactive complex with GDI-RhoA-GDP, or enhance GAP function.	Guanosine Diphosphate	82-85	dematin actin binding protein	Mus musculus	0-7
19262171-6	2009	Dematin may bind and inhibit GEF activity, form an inactive complex with GDI-RhoA-GDP, or enhance GAP function.	Guanosine Diphosphate	82-85	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	77-81
19335615-3	2009	In the mouse insulin-secreting cell line MIN6, Rab11 was co-localized with insulin-containing granules, and over-expression of the GTP- or the GDP-bound form of Rab11B significantly inhibited regulated secretion, indicating involvement of Rab11B in regulated insulin secretion.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	RAB11B, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	161-167
19339687-5	2009	GEF-dependent recruitment requires that Rho1 has the ability to pass through its GDP or unliganded state prior to being GTP-loaded.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	40-44
19136674-1	2009	Guanylate kinase (GMK) is an essential nucleoside monophosphate kinase that catalyzes the phosphorylation of guanine-monophosphate (GMP) and dGMP to yield GDP and dGDP, respectively, important precursors for nucleotide synthesis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	155-158	guanylate kinase 1	Mus musculus	0-16
19136674-1	2009	Guanylate kinase (GMK) is an essential nucleoside monophosphate kinase that catalyzes the phosphorylation of guanine-monophosphate (GMP) and dGMP to yield GDP and dGDP, respectively, important precursors for nucleotide synthesis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	155-158	guanylate kinase 1	Mus musculus	18-21
19035362-3	2009	HRAS is one of the three classical RAS proteins and cycles between an active, GTP- and an inactive, GDP-bound conformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	0-4
19214148-9	2009	Three separate spots (1 decreased and 2 increased abundance) were identified as Rho guanosine diphosphate dissociation inhibitor 2 (Rho GDI 2) proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-105	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	132-141
19356586-5	2009	The selectivity in nucleotide exchange kinetics for GDP over GTP is even more pronounced when a Cdc42 mutant, F28L, is used, which is characterised by fast intrinsic dissociation of nucleotides.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	96-101
19356586-8	2009	The higher exchange activity of ITSN1L towards the GDP-bound conformation of Cdc42 could represent an evolutionary adaptation of this GEF that ensures nucleotide exchange towards the formation of the signalling-active GTP-bound form of Cdc42 and avoids dissociation of the active complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	77-82
19356586-8	2009	The higher exchange activity of ITSN1L towards the GDP-bound conformation of Cdc42 could represent an evolutionary adaptation of this GEF that ensures nucleotide exchange towards the formation of the signalling-active GTP-bound form of Cdc42 and avoids dissociation of the active complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	134-137
19356586-8	2009	The higher exchange activity of ITSN1L towards the GDP-bound conformation of Cdc42 could represent an evolutionary adaptation of this GEF that ensures nucleotide exchange towards the formation of the signalling-active GTP-bound form of Cdc42 and avoids dissociation of the active complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	236-241
18953505-0	2009	The effects of calcium channel blocker benidipine and calmodulin antagonist W7 on GDP-binding capacity of brown adipose tissue in mice.	Guanosine Diphosphate	82-85	calmodulin 2	Mus musculus	54-64
19158396-5	2009	The cytoskeleton alterations of AhR-/- cells were due to down-regulation of constitutive Vav3 expression, a guanosine diphosphate/guanosine triphosphate exchange factor for Rho/Rac GTPases and a novel transcriptional target of AhR.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-129	aryl-hydrocarbon receptor	Mus musculus	32-35
18983266-5	2009	Pull-down and immunoprecipitation assays revealed that the beta2AR interacts preferentially with the GDP-bound form of Rab11.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	adrenoceptor beta 2	Homo sapiens	59-66
18983266-5	2009	Pull-down and immunoprecipitation assays revealed that the beta2AR interacts preferentially with the GDP-bound form of Rab11.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	119-124
18805993-13	2009	CONCLUSION: AGE and GDPs in PDS differentially regulate the synthesis of CCN2 by peritoneal resident cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-24	cellular communication network factor 2	Homo sapiens	73-77
19146391-5	2009	Analyses of enzymatic reactions catalyzed by NS4B indicate that the terminal phosphate groups of ATP, GTP, and GDP are removed to produce ADP, GDP, and GMP, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	polyprotein;protein F	Hepatitis C virus genotype 1	45-49
19146391-5	2009	Analyses of enzymatic reactions catalyzed by NS4B indicate that the terminal phosphate groups of ATP, GTP, and GDP are removed to produce ADP, GDP, and GMP, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	polyprotein;protein F	Hepatitis C virus genotype 1	45-49
19000755-6	2009	PAM activated by facilitating the GDP/GTP-exchange of Rheb which is an activator of mTOR.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	MYC binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
19000755-6	2009	PAM activated by facilitating the GDP/GTP-exchange of Rheb which is an activator of mTOR.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding	Homo sapiens	54-58
19000755-6	2009	PAM activated by facilitating the GDP/GTP-exchange of Rheb which is an activator of mTOR.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	84-88
19105215-7	2009	Overexpression of RAB-5:GDP partially suppresses, whereas overexpression of RAB-5:GTP enhances, the synaptic defects of unc-16 mutants.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	RAB family	Caenorhabditis elegans	18-23
19135895-6	2009	The GDP-bound form of the GTGs exhibits greater ABA binding than the GTP-bound form, the GTPase activity of the GTGs is inhibited by GPA1, and gpa1 null mutants exhibit ABA-hypersensitive phenotypes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	G protein alpha subunit 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	133-137
19135895-6	2009	The GDP-bound form of the GTGs exhibits greater ABA binding than the GTP-bound form, the GTPase activity of the GTGs is inhibited by GPA1, and gpa1 null mutants exhibit ABA-hypersensitive phenotypes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	G protein alpha subunit 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	143-147
20300488-6	2009	GTP-bound Ran is asymmetrically distributed in the nucleus, while GDP-bound Ran is predominantly cytoplasmic.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	76-79
19150356-1	2009	Unlike other GTPases, interferon-gamma-induced human guanylate binding protein-1 has the ability to hydrolyze GTP to both GDP and GMP, with GMP being the major product of the reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	guanylate binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	53-80
19150356-1	2009	Unlike other GTPases, interferon-gamma-induced human guanylate binding protein-1 has the ability to hydrolyze GTP to both GDP and GMP, with GMP being the major product of the reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II	Homo sapiens	140-143
19172179-9	2009	Specifically, RAB-5(GDP), an inactive mutant of RAB-5 that reduces endocytosis, mimics the effect of pmk-3 mutations when introduced into wild-type animals, and occludes the effect of pmk-3 mutations when introduced into pmk-3 mutants.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	RAB family	Caenorhabditis elegans	14-19
19172179-9	2009	Specifically, RAB-5(GDP), an inactive mutant of RAB-5 that reduces endocytosis, mimics the effect of pmk-3 mutations when introduced into wild-type animals, and occludes the effect of pmk-3 mutations when introduced into pmk-3 mutants.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	RAB family	Caenorhabditis elegans	48-53
19172179-9	2009	Specifically, RAB-5(GDP), an inactive mutant of RAB-5 that reduces endocytosis, mimics the effect of pmk-3 mutations when introduced into wild-type animals, and occludes the effect of pmk-3 mutations when introduced into pmk-3 mutants.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	Mitogen-activated protein kinase pmk-3;Protein kinase domain-containing protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	101-106
19172179-9	2009	Specifically, RAB-5(GDP), an inactive mutant of RAB-5 that reduces endocytosis, mimics the effect of pmk-3 mutations when introduced into wild-type animals, and occludes the effect of pmk-3 mutations when introduced into pmk-3 mutants.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	Mitogen-activated protein kinase pmk-3;Protein kinase domain-containing protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	184-189
19172179-9	2009	Specifically, RAB-5(GDP), an inactive mutant of RAB-5 that reduces endocytosis, mimics the effect of pmk-3 mutations when introduced into wild-type animals, and occludes the effect of pmk-3 mutations when introduced into pmk-3 mutants.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	Mitogen-activated protein kinase pmk-3;Protein kinase domain-containing protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	184-189
18957427-8	2008	Moreover, the expression of dominant-negative Rab5, unable to exchange GDP for GTP, interfered with the agonist-induced dissociation of Rab5 from the syndecan-1 cytoplasmic domain and significantly inhibited syndecan-1 shedding induced by several distinct agonists.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	46-50
18957427-9	2008	Based on these data, we propose that Rab5 is a critical regulator of syndecan-1 shedding that serves as an on-off molecular switch through its alternation between the GDP-bound and GTP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	167-170	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	37-41
18957427-9	2008	Based on these data, we propose that Rab5 is a critical regulator of syndecan-1 shedding that serves as an on-off molecular switch through its alternation between the GDP-bound and GTP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	167-170	syndecan 1	Homo sapiens	69-79
19020088-1	2008	Brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein (BIG) 1 activates human ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) 1 and 3 by accelerating the replacement of ARF-bound GDP with GTP to initiate recruitment of coat proteins for membrane vesicle formation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-65
19020088-1	2008	Brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein (BIG) 1 activates human ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) 1 and 3 by accelerating the replacement of ARF-bound GDP with GTP to initiate recruitment of coat proteins for membrane vesicle formation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	82-119
18773979-1	2008	Elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu), the protein responsible for delivering aminoacyl-tRNAs (aa-tRNAs) to ribosomal A site during translation, belongs to the group of guanosine-nucleotide (GTP/GDP) binding proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	186-189	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
18773979-1	2008	Elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu), the protein responsible for delivering aminoacyl-tRNAs (aa-tRNAs) to ribosomal A site during translation, belongs to the group of guanosine-nucleotide (GTP/GDP) binding proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	186-189	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	22-27
18773979-6	2008	In the second case, corresponding to the GTP hydrolysis by EF-Tu alone, the side chain of His85 stays away from the active site, and the chemical reaction GTP+H(2)O-->GDP+Pi proceeds without participation of the histidine but through water molecules.	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-173	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	59-64
20300488-7	2009	Controlled by RanGEF and RanGAP, RanGTPase cycles between the GDP- and GTP-bound states enabling it to shuttle cargoes in an accurate spatial and temporal manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	Ran GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	25-31
20300488-7	2009	Controlled by RanGEF and RanGAP, RanGTPase cycles between the GDP- and GTP-bound states enabling it to shuttle cargoes in an accurate spatial and temporal manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	33-42
18708071-2	2008	In the nucleus, Ran is primarily in the guanosine 5"-triphosphate (GTP)-bound state, whereas in the cytoplasm, Ran is primarily guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP)-bound.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-152	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	111-114
19064407-6	2008	The K-Ras oncoprotein controls transduction of signals required for proliferation, differentiation, and survival, mainly acting as guanosine diphosphate/guanosine triphosphate-regulated binary switches located at the inner surface of the plasma membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-152	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	4-9
18708071-2	2008	In the nucleus, Ran is primarily in the guanosine 5"-triphosphate (GTP)-bound state, whereas in the cytoplasm, Ran is primarily guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP)-bound.	Guanosine Diphosphate	154-157	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	111-114
18997336-1	2008	T-lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1 and 2 (Tiam1 and Tiam2) are guanine nucleotide-exchange factors that specifically activate Rac GTPase by facilitating the dissociation of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	175-178	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	44-49
19513240-2	2008	This property is achieved by a guanine nucleotide cycle wherein the inactive, signaling-incompetent Galpha subunit is normally bound to GDP; activation to signaling-competent Galpha occurs through the exchange of GDP for GTP (typically catalyzed via seven-transmembrane domain G-protein coupled receptors [GPCRs]), which dissociates the Gbetagamma dimer from Galpha-GTP and initiates signal transduction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	100-106
19513240-2	2008	This property is achieved by a guanine nucleotide cycle wherein the inactive, signaling-incompetent Galpha subunit is normally bound to GDP; activation to signaling-competent Galpha occurs through the exchange of GDP for GTP (typically catalyzed via seven-transmembrane domain G-protein coupled receptors [GPCRs]), which dissociates the Gbetagamma dimer from Galpha-GTP and initiates signal transduction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	213-216	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	100-106
19513240-2	2008	This property is achieved by a guanine nucleotide cycle wherein the inactive, signaling-incompetent Galpha subunit is normally bound to GDP; activation to signaling-competent Galpha occurs through the exchange of GDP for GTP (typically catalyzed via seven-transmembrane domain G-protein coupled receptors [GPCRs]), which dissociates the Gbetagamma dimer from Galpha-GTP and initiates signal transduction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	213-216	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	175-181
19513240-2	2008	This property is achieved by a guanine nucleotide cycle wherein the inactive, signaling-incompetent Galpha subunit is normally bound to GDP; activation to signaling-competent Galpha occurs through the exchange of GDP for GTP (typically catalyzed via seven-transmembrane domain G-protein coupled receptors [GPCRs]), which dissociates the Gbetagamma dimer from Galpha-GTP and initiates signal transduction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	213-216	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	175-181
19513240-3	2008	The hydrolysis of GTP, greatly accelerated by "Regulator of G-protein Signaling" (RGS) proteins, returns Galpha to its inactive GDP-bound form and terminates signaling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	105-111
19513240-4	2008	Through extensive characterization of mammalian Galpha isoforms, the rate-limiting step in this cycle is currently considered to be the GDP/GTP exchange rate, which can be orders of magnitude slower than the GTP hydrolysis rate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	48-54
18997336-1	2008	T-lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1 and 2 (Tiam1 and Tiam2) are guanine nucleotide-exchange factors that specifically activate Rac GTPase by facilitating the dissociation of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	175-178	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 2	Homo sapiens	54-59
18940608-3	2008	We have characterized the interaction between the PDZRhoGEF rgRGS domain (PRG-rgRGS) and the alpha subunit of G13 and have determined crystal structures of their complexes in both the inactive state bound to GDP and the active states bound to GDP*AlF (transition state) and GTPgammaS (Michaelis complex).	Guanosine Diphosphate	208-211	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11	Homo sapiens	50-59
18790720-3	2008	Here we demonstrate by isothermal titration calorimetry that Ca(2+) directly binds to the H-Ras.GDP.Mg(2+) complex with moderate affinity at the first binding site followed by two weak binding events.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	90-95
18790720-4	2008	The results from limited proteinase degradation show that Ca(2+) protects the fragments of H-Ras from being further degraded by trypsin and by proteinase K. HPLC studies together with fluorescence spectroscopic measurements indicate that binding of Ca(2+) to the H-Ras.GDP.Mg(2+) complex remarkably promotes guanine nucleotide exchange on H-Ras under emulated physiological Ca(2+) concentration conditions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	269-272	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	91-96
18675341-10	2008	Mutations in a loop of the PH domain that contacts the Arf GAP domain affected PIP2 binding and the K(m) and k(cat) for converting Arf1 GTP to Arf1 GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	131-135
18675341-10	2008	Mutations in a loop of the PH domain that contacts the Arf GAP domain affected PIP2 binding and the K(m) and k(cat) for converting Arf1 GTP to Arf1 GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	143-147
18775458-6	2008	In contrast, 4-TOAC substance P binding is observed by solution EPR under both low- and high-affinity receptor states, with evidence of a more strongly immobilized peptide in the presence of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	191-194	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	20-31
18713731-3	2008	Treatment with either methyl-beta-cyclodextrin or filipin III to disrupt cholesterol-containing lipid microdomains dramatically accelerated diffusion of Galpha(t) in its GTP-bound state and of the rhodopsin-Galphabetagamma(t) complex but not of rhodopsin or inactive GDP-bound Galphabetagamma.	Guanosine Diphosphate	267-270	succinate-CoA ligase, alpha subunit L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	153-159
18713731-3	2008	Treatment with either methyl-beta-cyclodextrin or filipin III to disrupt cholesterol-containing lipid microdomains dramatically accelerated diffusion of Galpha(t) in its GTP-bound state and of the rhodopsin-Galphabetagamma(t) complex but not of rhodopsin or inactive GDP-bound Galphabetagamma.	Guanosine Diphosphate	267-270	rhodopsin, gene2 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	197-206
18845944-6	2008	In brain membranes, an antibody against huntingtin immunoprecipitated a nucleotide exchange activity on Rab11 and huntingtin was coprecipitated with Rab11 in the presence of guanosine diphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	174-195	huntingtin	Mus musculus	40-50
18845944-6	2008	In brain membranes, an antibody against huntingtin immunoprecipitated a nucleotide exchange activity on Rab11 and huntingtin was coprecipitated with Rab11 in the presence of guanosine diphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	174-195	huntingtin	Mus musculus	114-124
18845944-6	2008	In brain membranes, an antibody against huntingtin immunoprecipitated a nucleotide exchange activity on Rab11 and huntingtin was coprecipitated with Rab11 in the presence of guanosine diphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	174-195	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	149-154
18721860-4	2008	We first established that C. elegans Rab3 (termed RAB-3) in its GTP but not GDP-bound state interacts with UNC-10.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	Ras-related protein Rab-3	Caenorhabditis elegans	37-41
18721860-4	2008	We first established that C. elegans Rab3 (termed RAB-3) in its GTP but not GDP-bound state interacts with UNC-10.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	Ras-related protein Rab-3	Caenorhabditis elegans	50-55
18836081-2	2008	We have used isothermal titration calorimetry to characterize the binding of GDP and GTP to free EF-G at 4 degrees C, 20 degrees C, and 37 degrees C. The binding affinity of EF-G is higher to GDP than to GTP at 4 degrees C, but lower at 37 degrees C. The binding enthalpy and entropy change little with temperature in the case of GDP binding but change greatly in the case of GTP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	97-101
18836081-2	2008	We have used isothermal titration calorimetry to characterize the binding of GDP and GTP to free EF-G at 4 degrees C, 20 degrees C, and 37 degrees C. The binding affinity of EF-G is higher to GDP than to GTP at 4 degrees C, but lower at 37 degrees C. The binding enthalpy and entropy change little with temperature in the case of GDP binding but change greatly in the case of GTP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	174-178
18836081-2	2008	We have used isothermal titration calorimetry to characterize the binding of GDP and GTP to free EF-G at 4 degrees C, 20 degrees C, and 37 degrees C. The binding affinity of EF-G is higher to GDP than to GTP at 4 degrees C, but lower at 37 degrees C. The binding enthalpy and entropy change little with temperature in the case of GDP binding but change greatly in the case of GTP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	192-195	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	97-101
18836081-2	2008	We have used isothermal titration calorimetry to characterize the binding of GDP and GTP to free EF-G at 4 degrees C, 20 degrees C, and 37 degrees C. The binding affinity of EF-G is higher to GDP than to GTP at 4 degrees C, but lower at 37 degrees C. The binding enthalpy and entropy change little with temperature in the case of GDP binding but change greatly in the case of GTP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	192-195	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	174-178
18836081-2	2008	We have used isothermal titration calorimetry to characterize the binding of GDP and GTP to free EF-G at 4 degrees C, 20 degrees C, and 37 degrees C. The binding affinity of EF-G is higher to GDP than to GTP at 4 degrees C, but lower at 37 degrees C. The binding enthalpy and entropy change little with temperature in the case of GDP binding but change greatly in the case of GTP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	192-195	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	97-101
18836081-2	2008	We have used isothermal titration calorimetry to characterize the binding of GDP and GTP to free EF-G at 4 degrees C, 20 degrees C, and 37 degrees C. The binding affinity of EF-G is higher to GDP than to GTP at 4 degrees C, but lower at 37 degrees C. The binding enthalpy and entropy change little with temperature in the case of GDP binding but change greatly in the case of GTP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	192-195	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	174-178
18836081-3	2008	These observations are compatible with a large decrease in the solvent-accessible hydrophobic surface area of EF-G on GTP, but not GDP, binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	110-114
18836081-5	2008	From these data, in conjunction with previously reported structural data on guanine nucleotide-bound EF-G, we suggest that EF-G enters the pretranslocation ribosome as an "activity chimera," with the G domain activated by the presence of GTP but the overall factor conformation in the inactive form typical of a GDP-bound multidomain guanosine triphosphatase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	312-315	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	123-127
18660502-7	2008	In addition, ABL2 phosphorylated and thereby activated p190RhoGAP, which inactivated RhoA (GTP to GDP), resulting in cytoskeleton collapse and inhibition of cell migration.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	ABL proto-oncogene 2, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	13-17
18660502-7	2008	In addition, ABL2 phosphorylated and thereby activated p190RhoGAP, which inactivated RhoA (GTP to GDP), resulting in cytoskeleton collapse and inhibition of cell migration.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	Rho GTPase activating protein 35	Homo sapiens	55-65
18660502-7	2008	In addition, ABL2 phosphorylated and thereby activated p190RhoGAP, which inactivated RhoA (GTP to GDP), resulting in cytoskeleton collapse and inhibition of cell migration.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	85-89
18832574-1	2008	The chocolate mutation, which is associated with oculocutaneous albinism in mice, has been attributed to a G146T transversion in the conserved GTP/GDP-interacting domain of Rab38, a small GTPase that regulates intracellular vesicular trafficking.	Guanosine Diphosphate	147-150	RAB38, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	173-178
18558478-3	2008	The activation of Cdc42 in response to upstream signals is mediated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), which converse GDP-bound inactive form to the GTP-bound active form of Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-133	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	18-23
18558478-3	2008	The activation of Cdc42 in response to upstream signals is mediated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), which converse GDP-bound inactive form to the GTP-bound active form of Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-133	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	186-191
18638444-5	2008	GST-Rab7 exhibited a 3-fold higher affinity for guanosine diphosphate (GDP) relative to guanosine triphosphate (GTP) that is consistent with a 3-fold slower dissociation rate of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-69	glutathione S-transferase kappa 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
18638444-5	2008	GST-Rab7 exhibited a 3-fold higher affinity for guanosine diphosphate (GDP) relative to guanosine triphosphate (GTP) that is consistent with a 3-fold slower dissociation rate of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-69	RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	4-8
18638444-5	2008	GST-Rab7 exhibited a 3-fold higher affinity for guanosine diphosphate (GDP) relative to guanosine triphosphate (GTP) that is consistent with a 3-fold slower dissociation rate of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	glutathione S-transferase kappa 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
18638444-5	2008	GST-Rab7 exhibited a 3-fold higher affinity for guanosine diphosphate (GDP) relative to guanosine triphosphate (GTP) that is consistent with a 3-fold slower dissociation rate of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	4-8
18638444-5	2008	GST-Rab7 exhibited a 3-fold higher affinity for guanosine diphosphate (GDP) relative to guanosine triphosphate (GTP) that is consistent with a 3-fold slower dissociation rate of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	178-181	glutathione S-transferase kappa 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
18638444-5	2008	GST-Rab7 exhibited a 3-fold higher affinity for guanosine diphosphate (GDP) relative to guanosine triphosphate (GTP) that is consistent with a 3-fold slower dissociation rate of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	178-181	RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	4-8
18940608-3	2008	We have characterized the interaction between the PDZRhoGEF rgRGS domain (PRG-rgRGS) and the alpha subunit of G13 and have determined crystal structures of their complexes in both the inactive state bound to GDP and the active states bound to GDP*AlF (transition state) and GTPgammaS (Michaelis complex).	Guanosine Diphosphate	243-246	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11	Homo sapiens	50-59
18940608-5	2008	An acidic motif in the N terminus of PRG-rgRGS occupies the GAP binding site of Galpha13 and is flexible in the GDP*AlF complex but well ordered in the GTPgammaS complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	G protein subunit alpha 13	Homo sapiens	80-88
18667533-11	2008	These findings demonstrate that there is a GAP-independent surveillance mechanism of Bfa1/Bub2, which, together with the GTP/GDP switch of Tem1, may be required for the genomic stability of cells with misaligned spindles.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	Bfa1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	85-89
18518859-6	2008	When the constitutively active form of Rac, Rac1(Q61L) or GTP-bound Rac1 was added exogenously to the membrane, O(2)(-)-producing activity was enhanced up to 1.5-fold above the basal level, but GDP-loaded Rac1 did not affect superoxide-generating kinetics.	Guanosine Diphosphate	194-197	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	39-42
18518859-6	2008	When the constitutively active form of Rac, Rac1(Q61L) or GTP-bound Rac1 was added exogenously to the membrane, O(2)(-)-producing activity was enhanced up to 1.5-fold above the basal level, but GDP-loaded Rac1 did not affect superoxide-generating kinetics.	Guanosine Diphosphate	194-197	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	44-48
18518859-6	2008	When the constitutively active form of Rac, Rac1(Q61L) or GTP-bound Rac1 was added exogenously to the membrane, O(2)(-)-producing activity was enhanced up to 1.5-fold above the basal level, but GDP-loaded Rac1 did not affect superoxide-generating kinetics.	Guanosine Diphosphate	194-197	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	68-72
18518859-6	2008	When the constitutively active form of Rac, Rac1(Q61L) or GTP-bound Rac1 was added exogenously to the membrane, O(2)(-)-producing activity was enhanced up to 1.5-fold above the basal level, but GDP-loaded Rac1 did not affect superoxide-generating kinetics.	Guanosine Diphosphate	194-197	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	68-72
18667533-11	2008	These findings demonstrate that there is a GAP-independent surveillance mechanism of Bfa1/Bub2, which, together with the GTP/GDP switch of Tem1, may be required for the genomic stability of cells with misaligned spindles.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	Bub2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	90-94
18667533-11	2008	These findings demonstrate that there is a GAP-independent surveillance mechanism of Bfa1/Bub2, which, together with the GTP/GDP switch of Tem1, may be required for the genomic stability of cells with misaligned spindles.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	Ras family GTPase TEM1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	139-143
18644383-1	2008	In an attempt to understand ribosome-induced GTP hydrolysis on eEF2, we determined a 12.6-A cryo-electron microscopy reconstruction of the eEF2-bound 80S ribosome in the presence of aluminum tetrafluoride and GDP, with aluminum tetrafluoride mimicking the gamma-phosphate during hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	209-212	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Homo sapiens	139-143
18768935-0	2008	The GDP-dependent Rab27a effector coronin 3 controls endocytosis of secretory membrane in insulin-secreting cell lines.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	18-24
18656450-3	2008	Interestingly, cGK-II interacted with the GDP-bound form of Rab11b (Rab11b S25N), but not the GTP-bound form, in mammalian cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	protein kinase cGMP-dependent 2	Homo sapiens	15-21
18656450-3	2008	Interestingly, cGK-II interacted with the GDP-bound form of Rab11b (Rab11b S25N), but not the GTP-bound form, in mammalian cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	RAB11B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	60-66
18656450-3	2008	Interestingly, cGK-II interacted with the GDP-bound form of Rab11b (Rab11b S25N), but not the GTP-bound form, in mammalian cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	RAB11B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	68-74
18768935-5	2008	The most important insulin secretagogue glucose promptly shifted Rab27a from the GTP- to GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	65-71
18639529-2	2008	Recombinant phosphorylated human eIF2alpha that cannot interact with purified eIF2B, the GDP/GTP exchange factor of eIF2, however interacts efficiently with eIF2B along with the beta-subunit of eIF2 of the rabbit reticulocyte lysates and also with the purified recombinant beta-subunit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Homo sapiens	33-42
18639529-2	2008	Recombinant phosphorylated human eIF2alpha that cannot interact with purified eIF2B, the GDP/GTP exchange factor of eIF2, however interacts efficiently with eIF2B along with the beta-subunit of eIF2 of the rabbit reticulocyte lysates and also with the purified recombinant beta-subunit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	33-37
18566450-1	2008	Activator of G-protein signaling 3 (AGS3) is one of nine mammalian proteins containing one or more G-protein regulatory (GPR) motifs that stabilize the GDP-bound conformation of Galphai.	Guanosine Diphosphate	152-155	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	0-34
18566450-1	2008	Activator of G-protein signaling 3 (AGS3) is one of nine mammalian proteins containing one or more G-protein regulatory (GPR) motifs that stabilize the GDP-bound conformation of Galphai.	Guanosine Diphosphate	152-155	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	36-40
18768935-0	2008	The GDP-dependent Rab27a effector coronin 3 controls endocytosis of secretory membrane in insulin-secreting cell lines.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	coronin 1C	Homo sapiens	34-43
18768935-3	2008	Here, we have identified the actin-bundling protein coronin 3 as a novel Rab27a effector that paradoxically bound guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-Rab27a in the pancreatic beta-cell line MIN6.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-135	coronin 1C	Homo sapiens	52-61
18768935-3	2008	Here, we have identified the actin-bundling protein coronin 3 as a novel Rab27a effector that paradoxically bound guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-Rab27a in the pancreatic beta-cell line MIN6.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-135	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	73-79
18768935-3	2008	Here, we have identified the actin-bundling protein coronin 3 as a novel Rab27a effector that paradoxically bound guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-Rab27a in the pancreatic beta-cell line MIN6.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-135	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	142-148
18768935-3	2008	Here, we have identified the actin-bundling protein coronin 3 as a novel Rab27a effector that paradoxically bound guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-Rab27a in the pancreatic beta-cell line MIN6.	Guanosine Diphosphate	137-140	coronin 1C	Homo sapiens	52-61
18768935-3	2008	Here, we have identified the actin-bundling protein coronin 3 as a novel Rab27a effector that paradoxically bound guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-Rab27a in the pancreatic beta-cell line MIN6.	Guanosine Diphosphate	137-140	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	73-79
18768935-3	2008	Here, we have identified the actin-bundling protein coronin 3 as a novel Rab27a effector that paradoxically bound guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-Rab27a in the pancreatic beta-cell line MIN6.	Guanosine Diphosphate	137-140	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	142-148
18487375-5	2008	The ability of mutant rhodopsin to activate transducin constitutively was monitored by measuring the catalytic exchange of bound GDP for radiolabeled [(35)S]GTPgammaS in transducin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	22-31
18728185-3	2008	We fused the Rho family GTPase Cdc42 in its GDP-bound form to the photosensory domain of phytochrome B (PhyB) and fused the Cdc42 effector, the Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein (WASP), to the light-dependent PhyB-binding domain of phytochrome interacting factor 3 (Pif3).	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	31-36
18565325-5	2008	The constitutively GTP- or GDP-bound form of ARA24/Ran repressed the AR N-C interaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	27-30	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	45-50
18565325-5	2008	The constitutively GTP- or GDP-bound form of ARA24/Ran repressed the AR N-C interaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	27-30	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	51-54
18565325-5	2008	The constitutively GTP- or GDP-bound form of ARA24/Ran repressed the AR N-C interaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	27-30	androgen receptor	Homo sapiens	45-47
18562321-6	2008	Kinetic analysis demonstrated that reduced GDP affinity correlates with wild type growth and high translation activities of GEF-independent mutants.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	124-127
18562321-7	2008	Furthermore, the mutant forms show an 11-22-fold increase in rates of GDP dissociation from eEF1A compared with the wild type protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	92-97
18690391-1	2008	To investigate the regulatory role of purine nucleotide on uncoupling proteins (UCPs), the activity of UCPs and the expressions of UCP4 and UCP5 in mitochondria of rat brain tissues incubated with GDP were observed in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	197-200	solute carrier family 25, member 27	Rattus norvegicus	131-135
18573236-1	2008	Rab proteins are GTPases that transit between GTP- and GDP-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
18541531-3	2008	Ric-8A, acting as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, catalyzes the release of GDP from various Galpha.GDP subunits and forms a stable nucleotide-free Ric-8A:Galpha complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	0-6
18541531-3	2008	Ric-8A, acting as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, catalyzes the release of GDP from various Galpha.GDP subunits and forms a stable nucleotide-free Ric-8A:Galpha complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	98-104
18541531-8	2008	Subsequent dissociation of AGS3-C and GDP from Galpha(i1) yields a stable nucleotide free Ric-8A.Galpha(i1) complex that, in the presence of GTP, dissociates to yield Ric-8A and Galpha(i1).GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	47-56
18541531-3	2008	Ric-8A, acting as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, catalyzes the release of GDP from various Galpha.GDP subunits and forms a stable nucleotide-free Ric-8A:Galpha complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	160-166
18541531-8	2008	Subsequent dissociation of AGS3-C and GDP from Galpha(i1) yields a stable nucleotide free Ric-8A.Galpha(i1) complex that, in the presence of GTP, dissociates to yield Ric-8A and Galpha(i1).GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	90-96
18541531-3	2008	Ric-8A, acting as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, catalyzes the release of GDP from various Galpha.GDP subunits and forms a stable nucleotide-free Ric-8A:Galpha complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	0-6
18541531-8	2008	Subsequent dissociation of AGS3-C and GDP from Galpha(i1) yields a stable nucleotide free Ric-8A.Galpha(i1) complex that, in the presence of GTP, dissociates to yield Ric-8A and Galpha(i1).GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	97-106
18541531-3	2008	Ric-8A, acting as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, catalyzes the release of GDP from various Galpha.GDP subunits and forms a stable nucleotide-free Ric-8A:Galpha complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	98-104
18541531-8	2008	Subsequent dissociation of AGS3-C and GDP from Galpha(i1) yields a stable nucleotide free Ric-8A.Galpha(i1) complex that, in the presence of GTP, dissociates to yield Ric-8A and Galpha(i1).GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	167-173
18541531-8	2008	Subsequent dissociation of AGS3-C and GDP from Galpha(i1) yields a stable nucleotide free Ric-8A.Galpha(i1) complex that, in the presence of GTP, dissociates to yield Ric-8A and Galpha(i1).GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	97-106
18541531-10	2008	The action of Ric-8A on AGS3:Galpha(i1).GDP ensures unidirectional activation of Galpha subunits that cannot be reversed by AGS3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	14-20
18541531-10	2008	The action of Ric-8A on AGS3:Galpha(i1).GDP ensures unidirectional activation of Galpha subunits that cannot be reversed by AGS3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	24-28
18541531-3	2008	Ric-8A, acting as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, catalyzes the release of GDP from various Galpha.GDP subunits and forms a stable nucleotide-free Ric-8A:Galpha complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	160-166
18541531-10	2008	The action of Ric-8A on AGS3:Galpha(i1).GDP ensures unidirectional activation of Galpha subunits that cannot be reversed by AGS3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	29-38
18541531-4	2008	AGS3, a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI), binds and stabilizes Galpha subunits in their GDP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
18541531-10	2008	The action of Ric-8A on AGS3:Galpha(i1).GDP ensures unidirectional activation of Galpha subunits that cannot be reversed by AGS3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	29-35
18541531-4	2008	AGS3, a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI), binds and stabilizes Galpha subunits in their GDP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	78-84
18541531-6	2008	Pulldown assays, gel filtration, isothermal titration calorimetry, and rapid mixing stopped-flow fluorescence spectroscopy indicate that Ric-8A catalyzes the rapid release of GDP from AGS3-C:Galpha(i1).GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	175-178	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	137-143
18541531-6	2008	Pulldown assays, gel filtration, isothermal titration calorimetry, and rapid mixing stopped-flow fluorescence spectroscopy indicate that Ric-8A catalyzes the rapid release of GDP from AGS3-C:Galpha(i1).GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	175-178	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	184-188
18541531-6	2008	Pulldown assays, gel filtration, isothermal titration calorimetry, and rapid mixing stopped-flow fluorescence spectroscopy indicate that Ric-8A catalyzes the rapid release of GDP from AGS3-C:Galpha(i1).GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	175-178	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	191-200
18541531-6	2008	Pulldown assays, gel filtration, isothermal titration calorimetry, and rapid mixing stopped-flow fluorescence spectroscopy indicate that Ric-8A catalyzes the rapid release of GDP from AGS3-C:Galpha(i1).GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	202-205	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	137-143
18541531-6	2008	Pulldown assays, gel filtration, isothermal titration calorimetry, and rapid mixing stopped-flow fluorescence spectroscopy indicate that Ric-8A catalyzes the rapid release of GDP from AGS3-C:Galpha(i1).GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	202-205	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	184-188
18505730-10	2008	Dissociation of Rac1(GDP).RhoGDI complexes was correlated with the affinity of particular GEF constructs, via the N-terminal pleckstrin homology domain, for PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) and involved GEF-mediated GDP to GTP exchange on Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	16-20
18559336-2	2008	Rabs require activation by specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that stimulate the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-4
18505730-0	2008	Dissociation of Rac1(GDP).RhoGDI complexes by the cooperative action of anionic liposomes containing phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor, and GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	16-20
18505730-10	2008	Dissociation of Rac1(GDP).RhoGDI complexes was correlated with the affinity of particular GEF constructs, via the N-terminal pleckstrin homology domain, for PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) and involved GEF-mediated GDP to GTP exchange on Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	26-32
18505730-0	2008	Dissociation of Rac1(GDP).RhoGDI complexes by the cooperative action of anionic liposomes containing phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor, and GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	26-32
18505730-0	2008	Dissociation of Rac1(GDP).RhoGDI complexes by the cooperative action of anionic liposomes containing phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor, and GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	16-19
18505730-10	2008	Dissociation of Rac1(GDP).RhoGDI complexes was correlated with the affinity of particular GEF constructs, via the N-terminal pleckstrin homology domain, for PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) and involved GEF-mediated GDP to GTP exchange on Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	90-93
18505730-10	2008	Dissociation of Rac1(GDP).RhoGDI complexes was correlated with the affinity of particular GEF constructs, via the N-terminal pleckstrin homology domain, for PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) and involved GEF-mediated GDP to GTP exchange on Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	188-191
18505730-10	2008	Dissociation of Rac1(GDP).RhoGDI complexes was correlated with the affinity of particular GEF constructs, via the N-terminal pleckstrin homology domain, for PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) and involved GEF-mediated GDP to GTP exchange on Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	224-228
18539143-2	2008	One of the genes identified in this screening showed homology to human RASGRP2 which plays a role in the regulation of GTP-GDP exchange of the Ras and Rap proteins, and was named XRASGRP2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	RAS guanyl releasing protein 2	Homo sapiens	71-78
18505730-10	2008	Dissociation of Rac1(GDP).RhoGDI complexes was correlated with the affinity of particular GEF constructs, via the N-terminal pleckstrin homology domain, for PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) and involved GEF-mediated GDP to GTP exchange on Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	201-204	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	16-20
18505730-10	2008	Dissociation of Rac1(GDP).RhoGDI complexes was correlated with the affinity of particular GEF constructs, via the N-terminal pleckstrin homology domain, for PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) and involved GEF-mediated GDP to GTP exchange on Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	201-204	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	26-32
18539143-2	2008	One of the genes identified in this screening showed homology to human RASGRP2 which plays a role in the regulation of GTP-GDP exchange of the Ras and Rap proteins, and was named XRASGRP2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	LDL receptor related protein associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	151-154
18505730-10	2008	Dissociation of Rac1(GDP).RhoGDI complexes was correlated with the affinity of particular GEF constructs, via the N-terminal pleckstrin homology domain, for PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) and involved GEF-mediated GDP to GTP exchange on Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	201-204	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	90-93
18682833-1	2008	The Ras GTPase-activating protein RasGAP catalyzes the conversion of active GTP-bound Ras into inactive GDP-bound Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	RAS p21 protein activator 1	Homo sapiens	34-40
18539143-2	2008	One of the genes identified in this screening showed homology to human RASGRP2 which plays a role in the regulation of GTP-GDP exchange of the Ras and Rap proteins, and was named XRASGRP2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	RAS guanyl releasing protein 2 (calcium and DAG-regulated) S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	179-187
18631136-7	2008	eIF2B then re-activates eIF2 by removing GDP, thereby promoting association of GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	0-5
18631136-7	2008	eIF2B then re-activates eIF2 by removing GDP, thereby promoting association of GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	0-4
18524849-8	2008	Our results demonstrate that GDP-bound Arf4,5 associate with ERGIC membranes through binding sites distinct from those responsible for GBF1 recruitment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	ADP ribosylation factor 4	Homo sapiens	39-43
18524772-0	2008	RhoA-GDP regulates RhoB protein stability.	Guanosine Diphosphate	5-8	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	0-4
18524772-0	2008	RhoA-GDP regulates RhoB protein stability.	Guanosine Diphosphate	5-8	ras homolog family member B	Homo sapiens	19-23
18519563-7	2008	We solved the crystal structure of the mutant Galpha bound to GDP, which indicates a unique switch II conformation as well as steric constraints that suggest activated GPA-16(it143) is destabilized relative to wild type.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	Guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-16 subunit	Caenorhabditis elegans	168-174
18524849-6	2008	The GDP-arrested Arf4(T31N) mutant localized to the ERGIC, even with BFA and Exo1 present.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	ADP ribosylation factor 4	Homo sapiens	17-21
18490452-7	2008	Of importance, no G protein activation was observed when using a dimer where the ligand-loaded protomer was not able to trigger GDP/GTP exchange due to specific mutations in its third intracellular loop, establishing that the conformation of the agonist-free protomer is not competent for G protein activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	noggin	Homo sapiens	15-19
18524849-6	2008	The GDP-arrested Arf4(T31N) mutant localized to the ERGIC, even with BFA and Exo1 present.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	exonuclease 1	Homo sapiens	77-81
18524772-6	2008	The RhoA-dependent regulation of RhoB does not depend on the activity of RhoA but is mediated by its GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	4-8
18524772-6	2008	The RhoA-dependent regulation of RhoB does not depend on the activity of RhoA but is mediated by its GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	ras homolog family member B	Homo sapiens	33-37
18682040-4	2008	When ROS containing bleached rhodopsin (R(*)) were centrifuged in low ionic strength buffer, G(t-) remained associated with the membrane fraction, whereas G(t-)GDP remained in the soluble fraction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	160-163	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	29-38
18682040-6	2008	The results also suggest that G(t-), rather than G(t-)GDP, is the moiety which exhibits tight, "light-induced" binding to rhodopsin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	122-131
18439413-6	2008	Guanosine diphosphate, an UCP inhibitor, and bovine serum albumin which removes fatty acids that are essential for UCP-2 uncoupling activity, independently prevented the increased glutamate-stimulated O(2) consumption in mitochondria from diabetic animals.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-21	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	26-29
18463094-8	2008	Moreover, we show that both the Arabidopsis VTC2 and VTC5 enzymes catalyze simple phosphorolysis of the guanylylated enzyme, forming GDP and L-galactose 1-phosphate from GDP-L-galactose and phosphate, with poor reactivity of hexose 1-phosphates as phosphorolytic acceptors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	44-48
18463094-8	2008	Moreover, we show that both the Arabidopsis VTC2 and VTC5 enzymes catalyze simple phosphorolysis of the guanylylated enzyme, forming GDP and L-galactose 1-phosphate from GDP-L-galactose and phosphate, with poor reactivity of hexose 1-phosphates as phosphorolytic acceptors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase VITAMIN C DEFECTIVE 5 (VTC5)	Arabidopsis thaliana	53-57
18463094-10	2008	These results show that Arabidopsis VTC2 and VTC5 proteins and their homologs in other plants are enzymes that guanylylate a conserved active site His residue with GDP-L-galactose, forming L-galactose 1-phosphate for vitamin C synthesis, and regenerate the enzyme with phosphate to form GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	164-167	GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	36-40
18463094-10	2008	These results show that Arabidopsis VTC2 and VTC5 proteins and their homologs in other plants are enzymes that guanylylate a conserved active site His residue with GDP-L-galactose, forming L-galactose 1-phosphate for vitamin C synthesis, and regenerate the enzyme with phosphate to form GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	164-167	GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase VITAMIN C DEFECTIVE 5 (VTC5)	Arabidopsis thaliana	45-49
18439413-6	2008	Guanosine diphosphate, an UCP inhibitor, and bovine serum albumin which removes fatty acids that are essential for UCP-2 uncoupling activity, independently prevented the increased glutamate-stimulated O(2) consumption in mitochondria from diabetic animals.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-21	uncoupling protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	115-120
18480413-2	2008	It is generally accepted that Rac activity is regulated by the guanosine triphosphate (GTP)/guanosine diphosphate (GDP) cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-113	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	30-33
18480413-2	2008	It is generally accepted that Rac activity is regulated by the guanosine triphosphate (GTP)/guanosine diphosphate (GDP) cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	30-33
18429929-6	2008	Overexpression of the GDP mutant form of Rab14 (S25N) induces an enlargement of the TGN and vesicle accumulation around Golgi membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	22-25	RAB14, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	41-46
18552237-5	2008	The low-GDP solution group showed significantly higher dialysate levels of cancer antigen 125 (CA125), fibronectin, transforming growth factor beta(TGFbeta)-induced gene product (betaig-h3), and interleukin-6 (IL-6), but the rate of EMT was significantly lower in the low-GDP solution group during the initial 12 months of CAPD treatment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	8-11	mucin 16, cell surface associated	Homo sapiens	75-93
18497260-4	2008	Conversely, expression of a guanosine diphosphate-bound Rag mutant prevented stimulation of mTORC1 by amino acids.	Guanosine Diphosphate	28-49	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1	Mus musculus	92-98
18537558-2	2008	This characteristic is achieved by the adoption of two principal states: an inactive state in which GDP-bound Galpha is complexed with the Gbetagamma dimer, and an active state in which GTP-bound Galpha is freed of its Gbetagamma binding partner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	110-116
18537558-4	2008	Discrete differences in conformation between GDP- and GTP-bound Galpha underlie its nucleotide-dependent protein-protein interactions (e.g., with Gbetagamma/receptor and effectors, respectively) that are critical for maintaining their proper nucleotide cycling and signaling properties.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	64-70
18552237-5	2008	The low-GDP solution group showed significantly higher dialysate levels of cancer antigen 125 (CA125), fibronectin, transforming growth factor beta(TGFbeta)-induced gene product (betaig-h3), and interleukin-6 (IL-6), but the rate of EMT was significantly lower in the low-GDP solution group during the initial 12 months of CAPD treatment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	8-11	mucin 16, cell surface associated	Homo sapiens	95-100
18552237-5	2008	The low-GDP solution group showed significantly higher dialysate levels of cancer antigen 125 (CA125), fibronectin, transforming growth factor beta(TGFbeta)-induced gene product (betaig-h3), and interleukin-6 (IL-6), but the rate of EMT was significantly lower in the low-GDP solution group during the initial 12 months of CAPD treatment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	8-11	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	103-114
18552237-5	2008	The low-GDP solution group showed significantly higher dialysate levels of cancer antigen 125 (CA125), fibronectin, transforming growth factor beta(TGFbeta)-induced gene product (betaig-h3), and interleukin-6 (IL-6), but the rate of EMT was significantly lower in the low-GDP solution group during the initial 12 months of CAPD treatment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	8-11	transforming growth factor beta induced	Homo sapiens	179-188
18552237-5	2008	The low-GDP solution group showed significantly higher dialysate levels of cancer antigen 125 (CA125), fibronectin, transforming growth factor beta(TGFbeta)-induced gene product (betaig-h3), and interleukin-6 (IL-6), but the rate of EMT was significantly lower in the low-GDP solution group during the initial 12 months of CAPD treatment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	8-11	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	195-208
18552237-5	2008	The low-GDP solution group showed significantly higher dialysate levels of cancer antigen 125 (CA125), fibronectin, transforming growth factor beta(TGFbeta)-induced gene product (betaig-h3), and interleukin-6 (IL-6), but the rate of EMT was significantly lower in the low-GDP solution group during the initial 12 months of CAPD treatment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	8-11	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	210-214
18552237-6	2008	After adjusting peritoneal growth factors for dialysate CA125 concentration, the low-GDP solution group showed significantly lower ratios of fibronectin/CA125, betaig-h3/CA125, IL-6/CA125, TGFbeta/CA125, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/CA125 than did patients in the high-GDP (standard) solution group.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	mucin 16, cell surface associated	Homo sapiens	56-61
18552237-6	2008	After adjusting peritoneal growth factors for dialysate CA125 concentration, the low-GDP solution group showed significantly lower ratios of fibronectin/CA125, betaig-h3/CA125, IL-6/CA125, TGFbeta/CA125, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/CA125 than did patients in the high-GDP (standard) solution group.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	141-152
18552237-6	2008	After adjusting peritoneal growth factors for dialysate CA125 concentration, the low-GDP solution group showed significantly lower ratios of fibronectin/CA125, betaig-h3/CA125, IL-6/CA125, TGFbeta/CA125, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/CA125 than did patients in the high-GDP (standard) solution group.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	mucin 16, cell surface associated	Homo sapiens	153-158
18552237-6	2008	After adjusting peritoneal growth factors for dialysate CA125 concentration, the low-GDP solution group showed significantly lower ratios of fibronectin/CA125, betaig-h3/CA125, IL-6/CA125, TGFbeta/CA125, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/CA125 than did patients in the high-GDP (standard) solution group.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	transforming growth factor beta induced	Homo sapiens	160-169
18552237-6	2008	After adjusting peritoneal growth factors for dialysate CA125 concentration, the low-GDP solution group showed significantly lower ratios of fibronectin/CA125, betaig-h3/CA125, IL-6/CA125, TGFbeta/CA125, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/CA125 than did patients in the high-GDP (standard) solution group.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	mucin 16, cell surface associated	Homo sapiens	153-158
18552237-6	2008	After adjusting peritoneal growth factors for dialysate CA125 concentration, the low-GDP solution group showed significantly lower ratios of fibronectin/CA125, betaig-h3/CA125, IL-6/CA125, TGFbeta/CA125, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/CA125 than did patients in the high-GDP (standard) solution group.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	177-181
18552237-6	2008	After adjusting peritoneal growth factors for dialysate CA125 concentration, the low-GDP solution group showed significantly lower ratios of fibronectin/CA125, betaig-h3/CA125, IL-6/CA125, TGFbeta/CA125, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/CA125 than did patients in the high-GDP (standard) solution group.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	mucin 16, cell surface associated	Homo sapiens	153-158
18552237-6	2008	After adjusting peritoneal growth factors for dialysate CA125 concentration, the low-GDP solution group showed significantly lower ratios of fibronectin/CA125, betaig-h3/CA125, IL-6/CA125, TGFbeta/CA125, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/CA125 than did patients in the high-GDP (standard) solution group.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	mucin 16, cell surface associated	Homo sapiens	153-158
18552237-6	2008	After adjusting peritoneal growth factors for dialysate CA125 concentration, the low-GDP solution group showed significantly lower ratios of fibronectin/CA125, betaig-h3/CA125, IL-6/CA125, TGFbeta/CA125, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/CA125 than did patients in the high-GDP (standard) solution group.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	208-242
18552237-6	2008	After adjusting peritoneal growth factors for dialysate CA125 concentration, the low-GDP solution group showed significantly lower ratios of fibronectin/CA125, betaig-h3/CA125, IL-6/CA125, TGFbeta/CA125, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/CA125 than did patients in the high-GDP (standard) solution group.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	244-248
18552237-6	2008	After adjusting peritoneal growth factors for dialysate CA125 concentration, the low-GDP solution group showed significantly lower ratios of fibronectin/CA125, betaig-h3/CA125, IL-6/CA125, TGFbeta/CA125, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/CA125 than did patients in the high-GDP (standard) solution group.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	mucin 16, cell surface associated	Homo sapiens	153-158
18348980-3	2008	Here we describe the high resolution x-ray crystal structure for Cdc42 bound to the GTP analog guanylyl beta,gamma-methylene-diphosphonate (GMP-PCP) (i.e. the presumed signaling-active state) and show that it is virtually identical to the structures for the signaling-inactive, GDP-bound form of the protein, contrary to what has been reported for Ras and other G-proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	278-281	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	65-70
18538083-8	2008	The activity assay showed that hEra was a GTPase that could bind GTP and hydrolyze GTP to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	Era like 12S mitochondrial rRNA chaperone 1	Homo sapiens	31-35
18348980-4	2008	Especially surprising was that the GMP-PCP- and GDP-bound forms of Cdc42 did not show detectable differences in their Switch I and Switch II loops.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	67-72
18348980-7	2008	An examination of the available structures for Cdc42 complexed to different effector proteins, versus the x-ray crystal structure for GMP-PCP-bound Cdc42, provides a possible explanation for how effectors can distinguish between the GTP- and GDP-bound forms of this G-protein and ensure that the necessary conformational changes for signal propagation occur.	Guanosine Diphosphate	242-245	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	47-52
18348980-7	2008	An examination of the available structures for Cdc42 complexed to different effector proteins, versus the x-ray crystal structure for GMP-PCP-bound Cdc42, provides a possible explanation for how effectors can distinguish between the GTP- and GDP-bound forms of this G-protein and ensure that the necessary conformational changes for signal propagation occur.	Guanosine Diphosphate	242-245	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	148-153
18469014-2	2008	The cycling of Ran between its GTP- and GDP-bound forms is catalyzed by the chromatin-bound guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1 and the cytoplasmic Ran GTPase-activating protein RanGAP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	15-18
18251717-5	2008	Proton conductance through endogenously activated UCP3 was calculated as the difference in leak between mitochondria from wild-type and Ucp3-knockout mice, and was found to be inhibited by carboxyatractylate and bongkrekate, but not GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	233-236	uncoupling protein 3 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	50-54
18251717-6	2008	Proton conductance in mitochondria from Ucp3-knockout mice was strongly inhibited by carboxyatractylate, bongkrekate and partially by GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	uncoupling protein 3 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	40-44
18251717-7	2008	We conclude the following: (i) at high protonmotive force, an endogenously generated activator stimulates proton conductance catalysed partly by UCP3 and partly by the adenine nucleotide translocase; (ii) GDP is not a specific inhibitor of UCP3, but also inhibits proton translocation by the adenine nucleotide translocase; and (iii) the inhibition of UCP3 by carboxyatractylate and bongkrekate is likely to be indirect, acting through the adenine nucleotide translocase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	205-208	uncoupling protein 3 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	240-244
18251717-7	2008	We conclude the following: (i) at high protonmotive force, an endogenously generated activator stimulates proton conductance catalysed partly by UCP3 and partly by the adenine nucleotide translocase; (ii) GDP is not a specific inhibitor of UCP3, but also inhibits proton translocation by the adenine nucleotide translocase; and (iii) the inhibition of UCP3 by carboxyatractylate and bongkrekate is likely to be indirect, acting through the adenine nucleotide translocase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	205-208	uncoupling protein 3 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	240-244
18469014-2	2008	The cycling of Ran between its GTP- and GDP-bound forms is catalyzed by the chromatin-bound guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1 and the cytoplasmic Ran GTPase-activating protein RanGAP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	127-131
18469014-2	2008	The cycling of Ran between its GTP- and GDP-bound forms is catalyzed by the chromatin-bound guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1 and the cytoplasmic Ran GTPase-activating protein RanGAP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	152-155
18346151-10	2008	Caspase 3 staining and TUNEL assay were more pronounced in the tubulointerstitium and the glomeruli of the SNX + GDP group.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	0-9
18237274-5	2008	Binding of the purine nucleotides GDP and GTP to UCP-1, detected in the near-UV CD region, supported the existence of the functional form of the protein in digitonin micelles.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	49-54
18346151-11	2008	In SNX + GDP animals, the expression of the slit diaphragm protein nephrin, was significantly lower compared to SNX or control animals.	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	NPHS1 adhesion molecule, nephrin	Rattus norvegicus	67-74
18425118-7	2008	Finally, we have also identified a previously undescribed biochemical complex containing Vps34, dynamin and Rab5(GDP), thus providing a mechanism for Rab5 recruitment to the nascent phagosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3	Homo sapiens	89-94
18205807-3	2008	In this work, it is shown that the RPD3 gene encoding the histone deacetylase that functions as a transcriptional corepressor at many promoters and the ROM2 gene coding for the GDP/GTP exchange protein for Rho1p and Rho2p participating in signal transduction pathways are required for PDR5 transcription under cycloheximide-induced and noninduced conditions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	177-180	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor ROM2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	152-156
18205807-3	2008	In this work, it is shown that the RPD3 gene encoding the histone deacetylase that functions as a transcriptional corepressor at many promoters and the ROM2 gene coding for the GDP/GTP exchange protein for Rho1p and Rho2p participating in signal transduction pathways are required for PDR5 transcription under cycloheximide-induced and noninduced conditions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	177-180	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	206-211
18205807-3	2008	In this work, it is shown that the RPD3 gene encoding the histone deacetylase that functions as a transcriptional corepressor at many promoters and the ROM2 gene coding for the GDP/GTP exchange protein for Rho1p and Rho2p participating in signal transduction pathways are required for PDR5 transcription under cycloheximide-induced and noninduced conditions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	177-180	Rho family GTPase RHO2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	216-221
18205807-3	2008	In this work, it is shown that the RPD3 gene encoding the histone deacetylase that functions as a transcriptional corepressor at many promoters and the ROM2 gene coding for the GDP/GTP exchange protein for Rho1p and Rho2p participating in signal transduction pathways are required for PDR5 transcription under cycloheximide-induced and noninduced conditions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	177-180	ATP-binding cassette multidrug transporter PDR5	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	285-289
18425118-7	2008	Finally, we have also identified a previously undescribed biochemical complex containing Vps34, dynamin and Rab5(GDP), thus providing a mechanism for Rab5 recruitment to the nascent phagosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	108-112
18425118-7	2008	Finally, we have also identified a previously undescribed biochemical complex containing Vps34, dynamin and Rab5(GDP), thus providing a mechanism for Rab5 recruitment to the nascent phagosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	150-154
18354496-4	2008	We find that RME-4 is a conserved DENN domain protein that binds to RAB-35 in its GDP-loaded conformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	82-85	UDENN domain-containing protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	13-18
18354496-4	2008	We find that RME-4 is a conserved DENN domain protein that binds to RAB-35 in its GDP-loaded conformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	82-85	RAB family	Caenorhabditis elegans	68-74
18267133-3	2008	Thermal denaturation of both the GDP-bound (SsEF-1 alpha*.GDP) and the ligand-free (nfSsEF-1 alpha) forms was investigated by means of circular dichroism and fluorescence measurements, over the 4.0-7.5 pH interval.	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-36	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	44-56
18076383-10	2008	In both the basal and the insulin state, 90% of the total Rab10 was in the inactive GDP state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	insulin	Homo sapiens	26-33
18076383-10	2008	In both the basal and the insulin state, 90% of the total Rab10 was in the inactive GDP state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	RAB10, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	58-63
18335928-1	2008	This study represents the first attempt to couple, by computational experiments, the mechanisms of intramolecular and intermolecular communication concerning a guanidine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), the thromboxane A2 receptor (TXA2R), and the cognate G protein (Gq) in its heterotrimeric GDP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	294-297	thromboxane A2 receptor	Homo sapiens	208-231
18335928-1	2008	This study represents the first attempt to couple, by computational experiments, the mechanisms of intramolecular and intermolecular communication concerning a guanidine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), the thromboxane A2 receptor (TXA2R), and the cognate G protein (Gq) in its heterotrimeric GDP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	294-297	thromboxane A2 receptor	Homo sapiens	233-238
18377644-5	2008	The aim of the present work was to employ phage display to identify a conformationally-specific single chain fragment variable (scFv) that recognizes the active, GTP-bound, form of Rho GTPases and is able to discriminate it from the inactive, GDP-bound, Rho in endogenous settings.	Guanosine Diphosphate	243-246	immunglobulin heavy chain variable region	Homo sapiens	128-132
18171724-4	2008	In pull-down assays from resting LGACs, recombinant wild-type Rab3D (Rab3DWT) or the GDP-locked mutant Rab3DT36N both pulled down pIgR, but the GTP-locked mutant Rab3DQ81L did not.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	polymeric immunoglobulin receptor	Oryctolagus cuniculus	130-134
18180287-9	2008	In addition, as observed for eRF1 that enhances eRF3 binding to GTP, the interaction of Dom34 with Hbs1 results in an increase in the affinity constant of Hbs1 for GTP but not GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	ribosome dissociation factor DOM34	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	88-93
18180287-9	2008	In addition, as observed for eRF1 that enhances eRF3 binding to GTP, the interaction of Dom34 with Hbs1 results in an increase in the affinity constant of Hbs1 for GTP but not GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	ribosome dissociation factor GTPase HBS1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	99-103
18256688-4	2008	UPF1 binds to eRF1 and to the GTPase domain of eRF3 both in its GTP- and GDP-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	UPF1 RNA helicase and ATPase	Homo sapiens	0-4
18292223-1	2008	BIG1, a brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein, activates class I ADP-ribosylation factors (ARF1-3) by catalyzing the replacement of bound GDP by GTP, an action critical for the regulation of protein transport in eukaryotic cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	158-161	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
18292223-1	2008	BIG1, a brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein, activates class I ADP-ribosylation factors (ARF1-3) by catalyzing the replacement of bound GDP by GTP, an action critical for the regulation of protein transport in eukaryotic cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	158-161	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	111-117
18044744-9	2008	Pull down experiments showed further preferred association of DYNLRB1 with GTP-bound Rab6A and interestingly GDP-bound Rab6A" and Rab6B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	dynein light chain roadblock-type 1	Homo sapiens	62-69
18044744-9	2008	Pull down experiments showed further preferred association of DYNLRB1 with GTP-bound Rab6A and interestingly GDP-bound Rab6A" and Rab6B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	RAB6A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	119-124
18234179-1	2008	To explore the role of the Rho GTPases in lens morphogenesis, we overexpressed bovine Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (Rho GDI alpha), which serves as a negative regulator of Rho, Rac and Cdc42 GTPase activity, in a lens-specific manner in transgenic mice.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Bos taurus	118-131
18286566-3	2008	We analysed the effect of retroviral expression of ARF6 GDP/GTP binding and other functional mutants in primary murine DC.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Mus musculus	51-55
18234179-1	2008	To explore the role of the Rho GTPases in lens morphogenesis, we overexpressed bovine Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (Rho GDI alpha), which serves as a negative regulator of Rho, Rac and Cdc42 GTPase activity, in a lens-specific manner in transgenic mice.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	cell division cycle 42	Bos taurus	187-192
18360094-6	2008	The increase in uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) by AICAR is also suppressed by compound C and guanosine diphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-111	uncoupling protein 2	Bos taurus	16-36
18360094-6	2008	The increase in uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) by AICAR is also suppressed by compound C and guanosine diphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-111	uncoupling protein 2	Bos taurus	38-42
17889949-3	2008	However, recent data, obtained with human ARF-6, a member of the same family of G proteins, revealed that the corresponding mutant T27N was nucleotide-free and that the GDP-blocked form was the T44N mutant.	Guanosine Diphosphate	169-172	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	42-47
18360094-7	2008	AICAR-mediated suppression of palmitate-induced p38 activation is also inhibited by guanosine diphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-105	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Bos taurus	48-51
18160716-2	2008	eIF2B is heteropentamer whose catalytic (epsilon) subunit promotes GDP/GTP exchange on eIF2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit epsilon	Homo sapiens	0-5
18160716-2	2008	eIF2B is heteropentamer whose catalytic (epsilon) subunit promotes GDP/GTP exchange on eIF2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	0-4
18286177-8	2008	Thus, besides the functional characterization of a new mutant and a better understanding of ARL-1 GDP/GTP cycling, this work shows that Leishmania ARL-1 is a key component of an essential pathway worth future study.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	92-97
18070886-1	2008	The cycling of Rac GTPases, alternating between an active GTP- and an inactive GDP-bound state, is controlled by guanine nucleotide exchange factors, GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), and guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs).	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	15-18
18070886-5	2008	Interestingly, RhoGDIalpha binds to the GAP domain in Bcr and Abr, a domain that also binds to Rac-GTP and catalyzes conversion of the bound GTP to GDP on Rac.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) alpha	Mus musculus	15-26
18070886-5	2008	Interestingly, RhoGDIalpha binds to the GAP domain in Bcr and Abr, a domain that also binds to Rac-GTP and catalyzes conversion of the bound GTP to GDP on Rac.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	95-98
18070886-5	2008	Interestingly, RhoGDIalpha binds to the GAP domain in Bcr and Abr, a domain that also binds to Rac-GTP and catalyzes conversion of the bound GTP to GDP on Rac.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	155-158
17680691-3	2008	We suggest that GDP binding site of eRF3 acquires an ability to bind gamma-phosphate of GTP if altered by cooperative action of the M and C domains of eRF1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	16-19	eukaryotic translation termination factor 1	Homo sapiens	151-155
17963711-7	2008	KIE values for Ras/NF1(333)-catalyzed hydrolysis of [beta18 O3,13C]GTP were determined by change in the isotope ratio of GTP or GDP or the ratio of the isotope ratio of GDP to that of GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	neurofibromin 1	Homo sapiens	19-22
17963711-7	2008	KIE values for Ras/NF1(333)-catalyzed hydrolysis of [beta18 O3,13C]GTP were determined by change in the isotope ratio of GTP or GDP or the ratio of the isotope ratio of GDP to that of GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	169-172	neurofibromin 1	Homo sapiens	19-22
18073458-3	2008	We found that SDF-1alpha, the only natural ligand for chemokine CXC motif receptor 4 (CXCR4), decreased GDP firing without significant effects on neuronal passive membrane properties in neonatal hippocampal neurons.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Rattus norvegicus	54-84
18073458-3	2008	We found that SDF-1alpha, the only natural ligand for chemokine CXC motif receptor 4 (CXCR4), decreased GDP firing without significant effects on neuronal passive membrane properties in neonatal hippocampal neurons.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Rattus norvegicus	86-91
18073458-4	2008	The SDF-1alpha-mediated decrease in GDP firing was blocked by T140, a CXCR4 receptor antagonist, suggesting that SDF-1alpha modulates GDP firing via CXCR4.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Rattus norvegicus	70-75
18073458-4	2008	The SDF-1alpha-mediated decrease in GDP firing was blocked by T140, a CXCR4 receptor antagonist, suggesting that SDF-1alpha modulates GDP firing via CXCR4.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Rattus norvegicus	149-154
18073458-4	2008	The SDF-1alpha-mediated decrease in GDP firing was blocked by T140, a CXCR4 receptor antagonist, suggesting that SDF-1alpha modulates GDP firing via CXCR4.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Rattus norvegicus	70-75
18073458-4	2008	The SDF-1alpha-mediated decrease in GDP firing was blocked by T140, a CXCR4 receptor antagonist, suggesting that SDF-1alpha modulates GDP firing via CXCR4.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Rattus norvegicus	149-154
18332454-11	2008	Among anuric patients, peritoneal ultrafiltration at 4, 8, and 12 months, total weekly Kt/V at 4 and 8 months, and CA125 levels at all follow-up visits were significantly higher in patients treated with low-GDP PDF than those treated with conventional PDF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	207-210	mucin 16, cell surface associated	Homo sapiens	115-120
18332454-13	2008	CONCLUSION: The use of biocompatible PDFs with neutral pH and low GDP concentration can contribute to improvement of peritoneal ultrafiltration and peritoneal effluent CA125 level, an indicator of peritoneal membrane integrity in PD patients.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	mucin 16, cell surface associated	Homo sapiens	168-173
18239134-5	2008	Mutations in RAB-A2a that were predicted to stabilize the GDP- or GTP-bound state shifted the location of the protein to the Golgi or plasma membrane, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	RAB GTPase 11C	Arabidopsis thaliana	13-20
18413250-2	2008	A point mutation in the postulated GTP/GDP-interacting domain of Rab38 has been identified as the genetic lesion responsible for oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) in chocolate (cht) mice.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	RAB38, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	65-70
18374168-4	2008	Proteins that regulate Rho, including guanine nucleotide exchange factors, GTPase-activating proteins, and Rho GDP dissociation inhibitors (RhoGDIs), have also been shown to contribute to cancer progression.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	Rho, GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) beta	Mus musculus	140-147
18413240-2	2008	Their cellular activities combine the biochemical stimulation of GDP/GTP exchange, which leads to the active conformation of the SMG, to the detection of upstream signals and, in some cases, interaction with downstream effectors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	RAP1B, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	129-132
17987124-1	2007	BACKGROUND: Small GTPases of the Rab family can cycle between a GTP- and a GDP-bound state and also between membrane and cytosol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	33-36
18040083-9	2007	Further investigation using immobilized RILP to pull down active Rab7 (GTP-bound form) from macrophage lysates demonstrated that inactive Rab7 (GDP-bound form) predominates in cells infected with live BCG.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	RAB7, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	138-142
18040083-10	2007	In addition, cell-free system experiments demonstrated that BCG culture supernatant contains a factor that catalyzes the GTP/GDP switch on recombinant Rab7 molecules.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	RAB7, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	151-155
18025047-4	2008	Such recombinant AtDcp2 specifically hydrolysed capped mRNA to produce 7-methyl GDP and decapped RNA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	decapping 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	17-23
18025047-5	2008	AtDcp2 activity was Mn(2+)- or Mg(2+)-dependent and was inhibited by the product 7-methyl GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	decapping 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-6
18054337-1	2007	The precursor protein receptor at the chloroplast outer membrane atToc33 is a GTPase, which can be inactivated by phosphorylation in vitro, being arrested in the GDP loaded state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	162-165	translocon at the outer envelope membrane of chloroplasts 33	Arabidopsis thaliana	65-72
17987124-2	2007	The latter cycle is mediated by the Guanine Nucleotide Dissociation Inhibitor GDI, which can selectively extract GDP-bound Rab proteins from donor membranes, and then reload them on target membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	123-126
17962409-1	2007	The heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunit (Galpha) functions as a molecular switch by cycling between inactive GDP-bound and active GTP-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	44-50
17719203-10	2007	Taken together, these results suggest that the cycling of ARF6 between its GDP-and GTP-bound states coordinates the recruitment of AP-2 and clathrin to activated receptors during the endocytic process.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	58-62
17719203-10	2007	Taken together, these results suggest that the cycling of ARF6 between its GDP-and GTP-bound states coordinates the recruitment of AP-2 and clathrin to activated receptors during the endocytic process.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	transcription factor AP-2 alpha	Homo sapiens	131-135
17761507-4	2007	Moreover, with HF feeding GDP-inhibitable proton conductance, specific for UCP1, equaled that seen in the 129 strain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	75-79
18055610-5	2007	Green fluorescent protein (GFP)-ARA7 and ARA6-GFP were diffused in cytosol like GDP-fixed mutants of Rab5 in vps9a-1, indicating that both types of GTPase are regulated by VPS9a.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	Ras-related small GTP-binding family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	41-45
17962409-2	2007	When bound to GDP, Galpha interacts with high affinity to a complex of the beta and gamma subunits (Gbetagamma), but when bound to GTP, Galpha dissociates from this complex to activate downstream signaling pathways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	19-25
18055610-5	2007	Green fluorescent protein (GFP)-ARA7 and ARA6-GFP were diffused in cytosol like GDP-fixed mutants of Rab5 in vps9a-1, indicating that both types of GTPase are regulated by VPS9a.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	Vacuolar sorting protein 9 (VPS9) domain-containing protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	109-114
17673464-10	2007	Thus, co-expression of GDP-locked Rab4S22N and Rab11S25N dominant-negative mutants decreased the steady-state Kv1.5 surface levels, whereas GTPase-deficient Rab4Q67L and Rab11Q70L mutants increased steady-state Kv1.5 surface levels.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	potassium voltage-gated channel, shaker-related subfamily, member 5	Mus musculus	110-115
17761668-3	2007	Elevated uncoupling activity (i.e. GDP inhibitable) was evident in Ex/R fibers only upon the addition of palmitate (known activator of UCP3) or under substrate conditions eliciting substantial rates of H(2)O(2) production (i.e. respiration supported by succinate or palmitoyl-L-carnitine/malate but not pyruvate/malate), indicative of UCP3 activation by endogenous reactive oxygen species.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	uncoupling protein 3	Rattus norvegicus	135-139
17761668-3	2007	Elevated uncoupling activity (i.e. GDP inhibitable) was evident in Ex/R fibers only upon the addition of palmitate (known activator of UCP3) or under substrate conditions eliciting substantial rates of H(2)O(2) production (i.e. respiration supported by succinate or palmitoyl-L-carnitine/malate but not pyruvate/malate), indicative of UCP3 activation by endogenous reactive oxygen species.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	uncoupling protein 3	Rattus norvegicus	335-339
17761668-5	2007	Surprisingly, when UCP3 activity was inhibited by GDP (rats) or in the absence of UCP3 (ucp3(-/-)), H(2)O(2) emission was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in Ex/R versus non-exercised control fibers.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	uncoupling protein 3	Rattus norvegicus	19-23
17590270-5	2007	Physiological expression of Vav1 is restricted to the hematopoietic system, where its best-known function is as a GDP/GTP nucleotide exchange factor for Rho/Rac GTPases, an activity strictly controlled by tyrosine phosphorylation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
17914811-7	2007	Guanosine 5"-diphosphate (5"-GDP), with a ribose moiety and a Re(I)-binding base, formed both possible diastereomers (RRe and SRe) of the fac-[Re(CO)3(H2O)({N7,Pbeta}GDP)]- macrochelate, with one slightly more abundant diastereomer suggested to be RRe by Mn2+ ion 1H NMR signal line-broadening combined with distances from molecular models.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-24	FA complementation group C	Homo sapiens	138-141
17914811-7	2007	Guanosine 5"-diphosphate (5"-GDP), with a ribose moiety and a Re(I)-binding base, formed both possible diastereomers (RRe and SRe) of the fac-[Re(CO)3(H2O)({N7,Pbeta}GDP)]- macrochelate, with one slightly more abundant diastereomer suggested to be RRe by Mn2+ ion 1H NMR signal line-broadening combined with distances from molecular models.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-32	FA complementation group C	Homo sapiens	138-141
17914811-7	2007	Guanosine 5"-diphosphate (5"-GDP), with a ribose moiety and a Re(I)-binding base, formed both possible diastereomers (RRe and SRe) of the fac-[Re(CO)3(H2O)({N7,Pbeta}GDP)]- macrochelate, with one slightly more abundant diastereomer suggested to be RRe by Mn2+ ion 1H NMR signal line-broadening combined with distances from molecular models.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	FA complementation group C	Homo sapiens	138-141
17914811-10	2007	The similarity of the rate constants for interchange of fac-[Re(CO)3(H2O)({Palpha,Pbeta}MDP)]- and fac-[Re(CO)3(H2O)({N7,Pbeta}GDP)]- adducts suggest strongly that interchange of Pbeta and H2O coordination positions accounts for the EXSY cross-peaks present in the spectra of all adducts.	Guanosine Diphosphate	127-130	FA complementation group C	Homo sapiens	99-102
17673464-10	2007	Thus, co-expression of GDP-locked Rab4S22N and Rab11S25N dominant-negative mutants decreased the steady-state Kv1.5 surface levels, whereas GTPase-deficient Rab4Q67L and Rab11Q70L mutants increased steady-state Kv1.5 surface levels.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	potassium voltage-gated channel, shaker-related subfamily, member 5	Mus musculus	211-216
17699596-7	2007	Dominant-negative expression of guanosine diphosphate-Rab6 suppressed ZW10 knockdown induced-Golgi disruption.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-53	RAB6A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	54-58
17909265-0	2007	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha interacts with estrogen receptor alpha and influences estrogen responsiveness.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	52-75
17909265-4	2007	One of these proteins, Rho guanosine diphosphate (GDP) dissociation inhibitor alpha (RhoGDI alpha), is a negative regulator of the Rho family of GTP-binding proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	85-91
17699596-7	2007	Dominant-negative expression of guanosine diphosphate-Rab6 suppressed ZW10 knockdown induced-Golgi disruption.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-53	zw10 kinetochore protein	Homo sapiens	70-74
17931492-9	2007	Principal GDPs suggested that improved terms and conditions of employment for DCPs, particularly dental nurses, might aid recruitment and retention in NHS practice.	Guanosine Diphosphate	10-14	decapping enzyme, scavenger	Homo sapiens	78-82
17678623-5	2007	Over-expression of a GDP-binding mutant (Rab22BSN), but not wild-type Rab22B, specifically disrupts the TGN localization of TGN46, a dynamic marker which cycles between the TGN and the plasma membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	RAB31, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	41-47
17666033-2	2007	GGA recruitment to membranes requires Arf1, a protein that cycles between a GDP-bound inactive state and GTP-bound active state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	38-42
17678623-5	2007	Over-expression of a GDP-binding mutant (Rab22BSN), but not wild-type Rab22B, specifically disrupts the TGN localization of TGN46, a dynamic marker which cycles between the TGN and the plasma membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	trans-golgi network protein 2	Homo sapiens	124-129
17686471-5	2007	To form these membrane protrusions, Rac1 is activated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that catalyze the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-133	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	36-40
17581861-4	2007	We show that the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)/guanosine triphosphate (GTP) exchange factor Bud5p, which is essential for bud site selection and physically interacts with Bud8p, also interacts with Bud9p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	17-38	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor BUD5	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	90-95
17786213-3	2007	Exchange of GDP for GTP on Arf6 is performed by a variety of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), principally of the cytohesin (PSCD) and EFA6 (PSD) families.	Guanosine Diphosphate	12-15	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	27-31
17685635-11	2007	This contrasts a previously determined structure of PEPCK in complex with a triphosphate nucleotide analogue in which the analogue mirrors the conformation of GDP as opposed to GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	159-162	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	52-57
17581861-5	2007	Regions of Bud8p and Bud9p predicted to reside in the extracellular space are likely to confer interaction with the N-terminal region of Bud5p, implicating indirect interactions between the cortical tags and the GDP/GTP exchange factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	212-215	Bud8p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	11-16
17581861-4	2007	We show that the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)/guanosine triphosphate (GTP) exchange factor Bud5p, which is essential for bud site selection and physically interacts with Bud8p, also interacts with Bud9p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	17-38	Bud8p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	169-174
17581861-5	2007	Regions of Bud8p and Bud9p predicted to reside in the extracellular space are likely to confer interaction with the N-terminal region of Bud5p, implicating indirect interactions between the cortical tags and the GDP/GTP exchange factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	212-215	Bud9p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	21-26
17581861-5	2007	Regions of Bud8p and Bud9p predicted to reside in the extracellular space are likely to confer interaction with the N-terminal region of Bud5p, implicating indirect interactions between the cortical tags and the GDP/GTP exchange factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	212-215	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor BUD5	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	137-142
17581861-4	2007	We show that the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)/guanosine triphosphate (GTP) exchange factor Bud5p, which is essential for bud site selection and physically interacts with Bud8p, also interacts with Bud9p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	17-38	Bud9p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	196-201
17581861-4	2007	We show that the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)/guanosine triphosphate (GTP) exchange factor Bud5p, which is essential for bud site selection and physically interacts with Bud8p, also interacts with Bud9p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor BUD5	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	90-95
17581861-4	2007	We show that the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)/guanosine triphosphate (GTP) exchange factor Bud5p, which is essential for bud site selection and physically interacts with Bud8p, also interacts with Bud9p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	Bud8p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	169-174
17581861-4	2007	We show that the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)/guanosine triphosphate (GTP) exchange factor Bud5p, which is essential for bud site selection and physically interacts with Bud8p, also interacts with Bud9p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	Bud9p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	196-201
17430994-1	2007	G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) serve as catalytic activators of heterotrimeric G-proteins (Galphabetagamma) by exchanging GTP for the bound GDP on the Galpha subunit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	145-148	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	96-102
17630323-2	2007	Here, we have used a combination of chemical footprinting, peptidyl transferase activity assays, and mRNA toeprinting to monitor the effects of EF-G on the positions of tRNA and mRNA relative to the A, P, and E sites of the ribosome in the presence of GTP, GDP, GDPNP, and fusidic acid.	Guanosine Diphosphate	257-260	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	144-148
17630323-3	2007	Chemical footprinting experiments show that binding of EF-G in the presence of the non-hydrolyzable GTP analog GDPNP or GDP.fusidic acid induces movement of a deacylated tRNA from the classical P/P state to the hybrid P/E state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	55-59
17630323-5	2007	A deacylated tRNA bound to the P site and a peptidyl-tRNA in the A site are completely translocated to the E and P sites, respectively, in the presence of EF-G with GTP or GDPNP but not with EF-G.GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	172-175	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	191-195
17630323-7	2007	Our results show that binding of EF-G in the presence of GDPNP or GDP.fusidic acid stabilizes the ribosomal intermediate hybrid state, but that complete translocation is supported only by EF-G.GTP or EF-G.GDPNP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
18357784-1	2007	Dbl protein and DH (Dbl homology) domains are key regulators of RhoGTPases and promote GDP release from the complex with GTPase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	0-3
18357784-1	2007	Dbl protein and DH (Dbl homology) domains are key regulators of RhoGTPases and promote GDP release from the complex with GTPase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	20-23
17704259-5	2007	ZPR1 binds preferentially to GDP-bound eEF1A but does not directly influence the kinetics of nucleotide exchange or GTP hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	ZPR1 zinc finger	Homo sapiens	0-4
17704259-5	2007	ZPR1 binds preferentially to GDP-bound eEF1A but does not directly influence the kinetics of nucleotide exchange or GTP hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	39-44
17430994-7	2007	We highlight several recent results shedding new light on the structural changes in Galpha that may underlie GDP release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	84-90
17644194-5	2007	This coupling promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the Galpha subunit, leading to effector activation by both Galpha-GTP and Gbetagamma.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	58-64
17712111-5	2007	These effects were augmented by the addition of mitochondrial uncoupling inhibitor guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP; 100 microM) or 1alpha,25-(OH)2D3 (10 nM) and attenuated by UCP2 overexpression, suggesting that inhibition of mitochondrial uncoupling suppresses clearance of ROS and increases adipocyte proliferation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-107	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	173-177
17712111-5	2007	These effects were augmented by the addition of mitochondrial uncoupling inhibitor guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP; 100 microM) or 1alpha,25-(OH)2D3 (10 nM) and attenuated by UCP2 overexpression, suggesting that inhibition of mitochondrial uncoupling suppresses clearance of ROS and increases adipocyte proliferation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	173-177
17640372-8	2007	CONCLUSION: We show here with over-expressed proteins that the GDP-bound form of Arf6 can bind to the spectrin repeat regions in Kalirin Rho family GEFs thereby recruiting Kalirin to membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	81-85
17640372-8	2007	CONCLUSION: We show here with over-expressed proteins that the GDP-bound form of Arf6 can bind to the spectrin repeat regions in Kalirin Rho family GEFs thereby recruiting Kalirin to membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	kalirin RhoGEF kinase	Homo sapiens	129-136
17640372-8	2007	CONCLUSION: We show here with over-expressed proteins that the GDP-bound form of Arf6 can bind to the spectrin repeat regions in Kalirin Rho family GEFs thereby recruiting Kalirin to membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	kalirin RhoGEF kinase	Homo sapiens	172-179
17637832-1	2007	Rab3a is a small GTPase that binds selectively to secretory vesicles and switches between active, GTP-bound and inactive, GDP-bound conformations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-5
17637832-4	2007	We expressed Rab3a mutants locked in the GTP- or GDP-bound form in wild-type and munc18-1 null mutant cells and analyzed secretory vesicle distribution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	13-18
17637832-6	2007	Unexpectedly, both GTP- and GDP-locked Rab3a mutants did not promote docking.	Guanosine Diphosphate	28-31	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	39-44
17644194-5	2007	This coupling promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the Galpha subunit, leading to effector activation by both Galpha-GTP and Gbetagamma.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	113-119
17582168-4	2007	Here, the crystal structures of mouse Rab27b in complex with GDP have been determined in three distinct crystal lattices.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	RAB27B, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	38-44
17582168-7	2007	The observed dimer formation of Rab27b-GDP in the crystals would restrain the highly flexible switch regions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	RAB27B, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	32-38
19636822-0	2007	Sequence-specific 1H, 13C, and 15N backbone assignment of the GTPase rRheb in its GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	82-85	Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding	Rattus norvegicus	69-74
17620726-2	2007	Sec2p accelerates GDP release from Sec4p and promotes GDP-GTP exchange for Sec4p activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	18-21	guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-5
17620726-2	2007	Sec2p accelerates GDP release from Sec4p and promotes GDP-GTP exchange for Sec4p activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	18-21	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	35-40
19636822-2	2007	Here we present the backbone assignments of rRheb in its GDP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding	Rattus norvegicus	44-49
17462988-2	2007	Here we show that the protein encoded by VTC2, a gene mutated in vitamin C-deficient Arabidopsis thaliana strains, is a member of the GalT/Apa1 branch of the histidine triad protein superfamily that catalyzes the conversion of GDP-L-galactose to L-galactose 1-phosphate in a reaction that consumes inorganic phosphate and produces GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	227-230	GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	41-45
17473071-0	2007	Thyrotropin activates guanosine 5"-diphosphate/guanosine 5"-triphosphate exchange on the rate-limiting endocytic catalyst, Rab5a, in human thyrocytes in vivo and in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	22-46	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	123-128
19262129-3	2007	(2-4) Similar to other small GTPases, Rheb cycles between a GTP-bound active state and a GDP-bound inactive state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	Ras homolog enriched in brain	Drosophila melanogaster	38-42
17462988-2	2007	Here we show that the protein encoded by VTC2, a gene mutated in vitamin C-deficient Arabidopsis thaliana strains, is a member of the GalT/Apa1 branch of the histidine triad protein superfamily that catalyzes the conversion of GDP-L-galactose to L-galactose 1-phosphate in a reaction that consumes inorganic phosphate and produces GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	227-230	aspartic proteinase A1	Arabidopsis thaliana	139-143
17426026-7	2007	Nup153 ZnFs bound GDP and GTP forms of Ran with similar affinities, indicating that this interaction is not influenced by a nucleotide-dependent conformational switch.	Guanosine Diphosphate	18-21	nucleoporin 153	Homo sapiens	0-6
17497936-5	2007	Interestingly, we find that GppNHp-bound RhoC only shows differences in its switch II domain, relative to GDP-bound RhoC, whereas GTPgammaS-bound RhoC exhibits differences in both its switch I and switch II domains.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	ras homolog family member C	Homo sapiens	41-45
17497936-5	2007	Interestingly, we find that GppNHp-bound RhoC only shows differences in its switch II domain, relative to GDP-bound RhoC, whereas GTPgammaS-bound RhoC exhibits differences in both its switch I and switch II domains.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	ras homolog family member C	Homo sapiens	116-120
17497936-5	2007	Interestingly, we find that GppNHp-bound RhoC only shows differences in its switch II domain, relative to GDP-bound RhoC, whereas GTPgammaS-bound RhoC exhibits differences in both its switch I and switch II domains.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	ras homolog family member C	Homo sapiens	116-120
17395284-5	2007	Droplet Rabs are removed by Rab GDP-dissociation inhibitor (RabGDI) in a GDP-dependent reaction, and are recruited to Rab-depleted droplets from cytosol in a GTP-dependent reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	8-12
17395284-5	2007	Droplet Rabs are removed by Rab GDP-dissociation inhibitor (RabGDI) in a GDP-dependent reaction, and are recruited to Rab-depleted droplets from cytosol in a GTP-dependent reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	ArfGAP with FG repeats 1	Homo sapiens	8-11
17395284-5	2007	Droplet Rabs are removed by Rab GDP-dissociation inhibitor (RabGDI) in a GDP-dependent reaction, and are recruited to Rab-depleted droplets from cytosol in a GTP-dependent reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	ArfGAP with FG repeats 1	Homo sapiens	28-31
17395284-9	2007	Finally, we show that when GTP bound active or GDP bound inactive Rab5 is targeted to the droplet, the active form recruits EEA1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	66-70
17395284-9	2007	Finally, we show that when GTP bound active or GDP bound inactive Rab5 is targeted to the droplet, the active form recruits EEA1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	early endosome antigen 1	Homo sapiens	124-128
17563369-4	2007	Using fluorescence kinetics and anisotropy, NMR spectroscopy and mutagenesis, we show that LM11 acts following a noncompetitive mechanism in which the inhibitor targets both Arf1-GDP and the Arf1-GDP/ARNO complex and produces a nonfunctional Arf-GDP/ARNO complex whose affinity is similar to that of the native complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	196-199	ADP-ribosylation factor 1	Canis lupus familiaris	191-195
17563369-4	2007	Using fluorescence kinetics and anisotropy, NMR spectroscopy and mutagenesis, we show that LM11 acts following a noncompetitive mechanism in which the inhibitor targets both Arf1-GDP and the Arf1-GDP/ARNO complex and produces a nonfunctional Arf-GDP/ARNO complex whose affinity is similar to that of the native complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	196-199	ADP-ribosylation factor 1	Canis lupus familiaris	191-195
17389601-6	2007	Experimental evidence indicated that this phenomenon was associated with destabilization and ubiquitylation of Ras-GRF1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that activates H-Ras by facilitating the release of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	210-213	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	111-119
17433702-1	2007	Ran-binding proteins (RanBP) are a group of proteins that bind to Ran (Ras-related nuclear small G-protein) and thus control the GTP/GDP-bound states of the Ran and couple the Ran GTPase cycle to cellular processes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-3
17433702-1	2007	Ran-binding proteins (RanBP) are a group of proteins that bind to Ran (Ras-related nuclear small G-protein) and thus control the GTP/GDP-bound states of the Ran and couple the Ran GTPase cycle to cellular processes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	22-25
17433702-1	2007	Ran-binding proteins (RanBP) are a group of proteins that bind to Ran (Ras-related nuclear small G-protein) and thus control the GTP/GDP-bound states of the Ran and couple the Ran GTPase cycle to cellular processes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	71-106
17433702-1	2007	Ran-binding proteins (RanBP) are a group of proteins that bind to Ran (Ras-related nuclear small G-protein) and thus control the GTP/GDP-bound states of the Ran and couple the Ran GTPase cycle to cellular processes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	22-25
17433702-1	2007	Ran-binding proteins (RanBP) are a group of proteins that bind to Ran (Ras-related nuclear small G-protein) and thus control the GTP/GDP-bound states of the Ran and couple the Ran GTPase cycle to cellular processes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	22-25
17433702-4	2007	These proteins bound preferentially to the Ran-GTP over Ran-GDP conformation and subsequently stabilized its GTP-bound status.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	43-46
17433702-4	2007	These proteins bound preferentially to the Ran-GTP over Ran-GDP conformation and subsequently stabilized its GTP-bound status.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	56-59
17506496-3	2007	We demonstrate that the 7TMDs of hT1R1 and hT1R2 display robust ligand-independent constitutive activity, efficiently catalyzing the exchange of GDP for GTP on Galpha subunits.	Guanosine Diphosphate	145-148	taste 1 receptor member 1	Homo sapiens	33-38
17506496-3	2007	We demonstrate that the 7TMDs of hT1R1 and hT1R2 display robust ligand-independent constitutive activity, efficiently catalyzing the exchange of GDP for GTP on Galpha subunits.	Guanosine Diphosphate	145-148	taste 1 receptor member 2	Homo sapiens	43-48
17397188-4	2007	Both intrinsic and EF-Ts-catalyzed nucleotide release was affected by the mutation, resulting in a 10-fold faster spontaneous GDP release and a 4-fold faster EF-Ts-catalyzed release of GTP and GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-129	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	19-24
17437339-6	2007	Farnesylation of Ras thereby allows hSOS1 to bind even GDP-loaded allosteric regulator to maintain basal hSOS1-activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	36-41
17437339-6	2007	Farnesylation of Ras thereby allows hSOS1 to bind even GDP-loaded allosteric regulator to maintain basal hSOS1-activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	105-110
17397188-4	2007	Both intrinsic and EF-Ts-catalyzed nucleotide release was affected by the mutation, resulting in a 10-fold faster spontaneous GDP release and a 4-fold faster EF-Ts-catalyzed release of GTP and GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	193-196	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	19-24
17397188-4	2007	Both intrinsic and EF-Ts-catalyzed nucleotide release was affected by the mutation, resulting in a 10-fold faster spontaneous GDP release and a 4-fold faster EF-Ts-catalyzed release of GTP and GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	193-196	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	158-163
17397188-5	2007	Removal of Mg2+ from the EF-Tu x EF-Ts complex increased the rate constant of GDP release 2-fold, suggesting a small contribution to nucleotide exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	25-30
17397188-5	2007	Removal of Mg2+ from the EF-Tu x EF-Ts complex increased the rate constant of GDP release 2-fold, suggesting a small contribution to nucleotide exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	33-38
17439416-13	2007	The relative efficacy or intrinsic activity of a compound was affected differently by the differing concentrations of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) in the assay buffer, which should be taken into consideration when determining the relative efficacies of these antipsychotics as 5-HT1A receptor agonists.	Guanosine Diphosphate	141-144	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens	276-291
17337454-7	2007	Molecular modeling using the structures of psToc34 and atToc33(R130A) suggests that, in an architectural dimer of atToc33, Arg(130) from one monomer interacts with the beta-phosphate of GDP and several other amino acids of the other monomer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	186-189	translocon at the outer envelope membrane of chloroplasts 33	Arabidopsis thaliana	55-62
17337454-7	2007	Molecular modeling using the structures of psToc34 and atToc33(R130A) suggests that, in an architectural dimer of atToc33, Arg(130) from one monomer interacts with the beta-phosphate of GDP and several other amino acids of the other monomer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	186-189	translocon at the outer envelope membrane of chloroplasts 33	Arabidopsis thaliana	114-121
17452788-4	2007	Upon coordination of zinc, the switch I region is stabilized in the GDP-bound conformation and contributes to a Rac1 trimer in the asymmetric unit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	112-116
17439416-13	2007	The relative efficacy or intrinsic activity of a compound was affected differently by the differing concentrations of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) in the assay buffer, which should be taken into consideration when determining the relative efficacies of these antipsychotics as 5-HT1A receptor agonists.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-139	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens	276-291
17337079-3	2007	The mu agonist DAMGO as well as the potent and selective NPFF(2) agonist dNPA, stimulated [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding at different optimal GDP concentrations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	neuropeptide FF-amide peptide precursor	Rattus norvegicus	57-61
17149709-6	2007	This transient increase was diminished in cells that co-expressed the GDP-bound Rab3A mutant.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	80-85
17451557-2	2007	Upon recruitment to the donor Golgi membrane by interaction with dimeric p24 proteins, Arf1"s GDP is exchanged for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	94-97	transmembrane p24 trafficking protein 2	Homo sapiens	73-76
17398097-11	2007	Fourth, GULP, ACAP1, and GDP-bound Arf6 were part of a tripartite complex, suggesting sequestration of ACAP1 as one mechanism of GULP action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	25-28	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	35-39
17337004-1	2007	Oxidized human neuroglobin (Ngb), a heme protein expressed in the brain, has been proposed to act as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for the GDP-bound form of the heterotrimeric G protein alpha-subunit (Galpha(i)).	Guanosine Diphosphate	159-162	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	15-26
17337004-1	2007	Oxidized human neuroglobin (Ngb), a heme protein expressed in the brain, has been proposed to act as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for the GDP-bound form of the heterotrimeric G protein alpha-subunit (Galpha(i)).	Guanosine Diphosphate	159-162	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	28-31
17337004-6	2007	Binding of Ngb to Galpha(i) would also inhibit the exchange of GDP for GTP, because Ser44 (Galpha(i)) is adjacent to the GDP-binding site and Glu53 (Ngb), which is cross-linked to Ser44 (Galpha(i)), could be located close to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	11-14
17337004-6	2007	Binding of Ngb to Galpha(i) would also inhibit the exchange of GDP for GTP, because Ser44 (Galpha(i)) is adjacent to the GDP-binding site and Glu53 (Ngb), which is cross-linked to Ser44 (Galpha(i)), could be located close to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	11-14
17337004-6	2007	Binding of Ngb to Galpha(i) would also inhibit the exchange of GDP for GTP, because Ser44 (Galpha(i)) is adjacent to the GDP-binding site and Glu53 (Ngb), which is cross-linked to Ser44 (Galpha(i)), could be located close to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	11-14
17451557-2	2007	Upon recruitment to the donor Golgi membrane by interaction with dimeric p24 proteins, Arf1"s GDP is exchanged for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	94-97	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	87-91
17363702-2	2007	In addition to the receptor-induced GDP/GTP exchange, G protein alpha subunits can be activated by a phosphate transfer via a plasma membrane-associated complex of nucleoside diphosphate kinase B (NDPK B) and G protein betagamma-dimers (Gbetagamma).	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 2	Rattus norvegicus	164-195
17363702-2	2007	In addition to the receptor-induced GDP/GTP exchange, G protein alpha subunits can be activated by a phosphate transfer via a plasma membrane-associated complex of nucleoside diphosphate kinase B (NDPK B) and G protein betagamma-dimers (Gbetagamma).	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 2	Rattus norvegicus	197-203
17398097-8	2007	First, GULP bound directly to GDP-bound Arf6 via its PTB domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	GULP PTB domain containing engulfment adaptor 1	Homo sapiens	7-11
17398097-8	2007	First, GULP bound directly to GDP-bound Arf6 via its PTB domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	40-44
17398097-11	2007	Fourth, GULP, ACAP1, and GDP-bound Arf6 were part of a tripartite complex, suggesting sequestration of ACAP1 as one mechanism of GULP action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	25-28	ArfGAP with coiled-coil, ankyrin repeat and PH domains 1	Homo sapiens	103-108
17398097-11	2007	Fourth, GULP, ACAP1, and GDP-bound Arf6 were part of a tripartite complex, suggesting sequestration of ACAP1 as one mechanism of GULP action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	25-28	GULP PTB domain containing engulfment adaptor 1	Homo sapiens	129-133
17326776-1	2007	Vav proteins mediate T- and B-cell activation by functioning as GTP/GDP exchange factors for small GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	0-3
17363898-4	2007	ARF6 is transiently activated during tubulogenesis and perturbing the ARF6 GTP/GDP cycle by inducible expression of ARF6 mutants defective in GTP binding or hydrolysis, inhibits the development of mature tubules.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Canis lupus familiaris	0-4
17363898-4	2007	ARF6 is transiently activated during tubulogenesis and perturbing the ARF6 GTP/GDP cycle by inducible expression of ARF6 mutants defective in GTP binding or hydrolysis, inhibits the development of mature tubules.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Canis lupus familiaris	70-74
17363898-4	2007	ARF6 is transiently activated during tubulogenesis and perturbing the ARF6 GTP/GDP cycle by inducible expression of ARF6 mutants defective in GTP binding or hydrolysis, inhibits the development of mature tubules.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Canis lupus familiaris	70-74
17300802-7	2007	Some of the mutants, however, still form a complex with Rap1*GDP in the presence of BeF(x) but not AlF(x), supporting the notion that fluoride complexes are indicators of the ground versus transition state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	56-60
17322339-7	2007	A Cys-to-serine mutant of wheat eIF4E, which lacked the ability to form the disulfide, crystallized with m(7)GDP in its binding pocket, with a structure similar to that of the eIF4E-cap complex of other species.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-1	Triticum aestivum	32-37
17322339-7	2007	A Cys-to-serine mutant of wheat eIF4E, which lacked the ability to form the disulfide, crystallized with m(7)GDP in its binding pocket, with a structure similar to that of the eIF4E-cap complex of other species.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-1	Triticum aestivum	176-181
17272280-8	2007	Interestingly, the RhoGAP activity of the N-terminal RhoGAP domain in p200 RhoGAP is also required for its full transforming activity, and expression of a dominant negative RhoA mutant that blocks RhoA cycling between the GDP- and GTP-bound states suppresses p200 RhoGAP transformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	222-225	Rho GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	19-25
17297921-3	2007	Here we investigated the kinetics of guanine nucleotide binding to eIF5B by a fluorescent stopped-flow technique using fluorescent mant derivatives of GTP and GDP and of the GTP analogues GTPgammaS and GMPPNP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	159-162	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	67-72
17297921-5	2007	These properties of eIF5B suggest a rapid spontaneous GTP/GDP exchange on eIF5B and are therefore consistent with it having no requirement for a special guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	20-25
17297921-5	2007	These properties of eIF5B suggest a rapid spontaneous GTP/GDP exchange on eIF5B and are therefore consistent with it having no requirement for a special guanine nucleotide exchange factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	74-79
17272280-8	2007	Interestingly, the RhoGAP activity of the N-terminal RhoGAP domain in p200 RhoGAP is also required for its full transforming activity, and expression of a dominant negative RhoA mutant that blocks RhoA cycling between the GDP- and GTP-bound states suppresses p200 RhoGAP transformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	222-225	Rho GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	53-59
17272280-8	2007	Interestingly, the RhoGAP activity of the N-terminal RhoGAP domain in p200 RhoGAP is also required for its full transforming activity, and expression of a dominant negative RhoA mutant that blocks RhoA cycling between the GDP- and GTP-bound states suppresses p200 RhoGAP transformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	222-225	Rho GTPase activating protein 32	Homo sapiens	70-81
17272280-8	2007	Interestingly, the RhoGAP activity of the N-terminal RhoGAP domain in p200 RhoGAP is also required for its full transforming activity, and expression of a dominant negative RhoA mutant that blocks RhoA cycling between the GDP- and GTP-bound states suppresses p200 RhoGAP transformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	222-225	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	173-177
17272280-8	2007	Interestingly, the RhoGAP activity of the N-terminal RhoGAP domain in p200 RhoGAP is also required for its full transforming activity, and expression of a dominant negative RhoA mutant that blocks RhoA cycling between the GDP- and GTP-bound states suppresses p200 RhoGAP transformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	222-225	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	197-201
17054105-5	2007	The latter affected residue, p.Ala146, which contributes to guanosine triphosphate (GTP)/guanosine diphosphate (GDP) binding, defining a novel class of activating HRAS lesions that perturb development.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-110	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	163-167
17054105-5	2007	The latter affected residue, p.Ala146, which contributes to guanosine triphosphate (GTP)/guanosine diphosphate (GDP) binding, defining a novel class of activating HRAS lesions that perturb development.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	163-167
17255934-2	2007	Here, we report that these IRESes also play a functional role during 80S ribosome assembly downstream of 48S complex formation, in promoting eIF5-induced GTP hydrolysis and eIF2/GDP release from the initiation complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	178-181	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	141-145
17196961-5	2007	Here we show that Dock6, a member of the Dock-C subfamily, exchanges GDP for GTP for Rac1 and Cdc42 in vitro and in vivo.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	dedicator of cytokinesis 6	Mus musculus	18-23
17196961-5	2007	Here we show that Dock6, a member of the Dock-C subfamily, exchanges GDP for GTP for Rac1 and Cdc42 in vitro and in vivo.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	85-89
17196961-5	2007	Here we show that Dock6, a member of the Dock-C subfamily, exchanges GDP for GTP for Rac1 and Cdc42 in vitro and in vivo.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	94-99
17255934-2	2007	Here, we report that these IRESes also play a functional role during 80S ribosome assembly downstream of 48S complex formation, in promoting eIF5-induced GTP hydrolysis and eIF2/GDP release from the initiation complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	178-181	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	173-177
17122362-5	2007	ARF6-GTP preferentially interacts with Rac1-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	0-4
16949794-3	2007	Primary sequence analysis indicated that the Rap1GAP2 GoLoco motif contains a lysine (Lys-75), rather than an arginine, at the crucial residue responsible for binding the alpha and beta phosphates of GDP and exerting GDI activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	200-203	RAP1 GTPase activating protein 2	Homo sapiens	45-53
16949794-9	2007	In contrast, the GoLoco motif of Rap1GAP1b, which is canonical in primary sequence, was found to interact with Galpha(i1).GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	111-120
17198702-3	2007	In a study of a functional relationship between RhoB, a GTPase known to associate with both early- and late-endosomes, and the formin mDia2, we show that 1) RhoB and mDia2 interact on endosomes; 2) GTPase activity-the ability to hydrolyze GTP to GDP-is required for the ability of RhoB to govern endosome dynamics; and 3) the actin dynamics controlled by RhoB and mDia2 is necessary for vesicle trafficking.	Guanosine Diphosphate	246-249	ras homolog family member B	Homo sapiens	48-52
17198702-3	2007	In a study of a functional relationship between RhoB, a GTPase known to associate with both early- and late-endosomes, and the formin mDia2, we show that 1) RhoB and mDia2 interact on endosomes; 2) GTPase activity-the ability to hydrolyze GTP to GDP-is required for the ability of RhoB to govern endosome dynamics; and 3) the actin dynamics controlled by RhoB and mDia2 is necessary for vesicle trafficking.	Guanosine Diphosphate	246-249	diaphanous related formin 3	Mus musculus	134-139
17198702-3	2007	In a study of a functional relationship between RhoB, a GTPase known to associate with both early- and late-endosomes, and the formin mDia2, we show that 1) RhoB and mDia2 interact on endosomes; 2) GTPase activity-the ability to hydrolyze GTP to GDP-is required for the ability of RhoB to govern endosome dynamics; and 3) the actin dynamics controlled by RhoB and mDia2 is necessary for vesicle trafficking.	Guanosine Diphosphate	246-249	ras homolog family member B	Homo sapiens	157-161
17198702-3	2007	In a study of a functional relationship between RhoB, a GTPase known to associate with both early- and late-endosomes, and the formin mDia2, we show that 1) RhoB and mDia2 interact on endosomes; 2) GTPase activity-the ability to hydrolyze GTP to GDP-is required for the ability of RhoB to govern endosome dynamics; and 3) the actin dynamics controlled by RhoB and mDia2 is necessary for vesicle trafficking.	Guanosine Diphosphate	246-249	diaphanous related formin 3	Mus musculus	166-171
17198702-3	2007	In a study of a functional relationship between RhoB, a GTPase known to associate with both early- and late-endosomes, and the formin mDia2, we show that 1) RhoB and mDia2 interact on endosomes; 2) GTPase activity-the ability to hydrolyze GTP to GDP-is required for the ability of RhoB to govern endosome dynamics; and 3) the actin dynamics controlled by RhoB and mDia2 is necessary for vesicle trafficking.	Guanosine Diphosphate	246-249	ras homolog family member B	Homo sapiens	157-161
17198702-3	2007	In a study of a functional relationship between RhoB, a GTPase known to associate with both early- and late-endosomes, and the formin mDia2, we show that 1) RhoB and mDia2 interact on endosomes; 2) GTPase activity-the ability to hydrolyze GTP to GDP-is required for the ability of RhoB to govern endosome dynamics; and 3) the actin dynamics controlled by RhoB and mDia2 is necessary for vesicle trafficking.	Guanosine Diphosphate	246-249	ras homolog family member B	Homo sapiens	157-161
17198702-3	2007	In a study of a functional relationship between RhoB, a GTPase known to associate with both early- and late-endosomes, and the formin mDia2, we show that 1) RhoB and mDia2 interact on endosomes; 2) GTPase activity-the ability to hydrolyze GTP to GDP-is required for the ability of RhoB to govern endosome dynamics; and 3) the actin dynamics controlled by RhoB and mDia2 is necessary for vesicle trafficking.	Guanosine Diphosphate	246-249	diaphanous related formin 3	Mus musculus	166-171
17114647-7	2007	Interestingly the fragmented form of GDP dissociation inhibitor expressed in lymphocytes/Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor 2 (Ly-GDI), a known target of Caspase-3, was observed to be down-regulated in IL-4-treated cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	89-121
17114647-7	2007	Interestingly the fragmented form of GDP dissociation inhibitor expressed in lymphocytes/Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor 2 (Ly-GDI), a known target of Caspase-3, was observed to be down-regulated in IL-4-treated cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	123-129
17114647-7	2007	Interestingly the fragmented form of GDP dissociation inhibitor expressed in lymphocytes/Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor 2 (Ly-GDI), a known target of Caspase-3, was observed to be down-regulated in IL-4-treated cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	150-159
17114647-7	2007	Interestingly the fragmented form of GDP dissociation inhibitor expressed in lymphocytes/Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor 2 (Ly-GDI), a known target of Caspase-3, was observed to be down-regulated in IL-4-treated cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	198-202
17134721-4	2007	With a K(d) value for the Sec2:Sec4.GDP interaction of ca 70 microM and a maximal rate of GDP displacement of ca 15 s(-1), it is 100-1000-fold more effective than other proteins showing exchange activity towards Rabs (MSS4, DSS4, Vps9) and ca tenfold faster than Cdc25 as a Ras specific exchanger, although still 100-fold slower than the fastest systems studied so far, EF-Tu/Ef-Ts and Ran/RCC1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	26-30
17134721-4	2007	With a K(d) value for the Sec2:Sec4.GDP interaction of ca 70 microM and a maximal rate of GDP displacement of ca 15 s(-1), it is 100-1000-fold more effective than other proteins showing exchange activity towards Rabs (MSS4, DSS4, Vps9) and ca tenfold faster than Cdc25 as a Ras specific exchanger, although still 100-fold slower than the fastest systems studied so far, EF-Tu/Ef-Ts and Ran/RCC1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	31-35
17134721-4	2007	With a K(d) value for the Sec2:Sec4.GDP interaction of ca 70 microM and a maximal rate of GDP displacement of ca 15 s(-1), it is 100-1000-fold more effective than other proteins showing exchange activity towards Rabs (MSS4, DSS4, Vps9) and ca tenfold faster than Cdc25 as a Ras specific exchanger, although still 100-fold slower than the fastest systems studied so far, EF-Tu/Ef-Ts and Ran/RCC1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	1-phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	218-222
17134721-4	2007	With a K(d) value for the Sec2:Sec4.GDP interaction of ca 70 microM and a maximal rate of GDP displacement of ca 15 s(-1), it is 100-1000-fold more effective than other proteins showing exchange activity towards Rabs (MSS4, DSS4, Vps9) and ca tenfold faster than Cdc25 as a Ras specific exchanger, although still 100-fold slower than the fastest systems studied so far, EF-Tu/Ef-Ts and Ran/RCC1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	guanine nucleotide exchange factor DSS4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	224-228
17134721-4	2007	With a K(d) value for the Sec2:Sec4.GDP interaction of ca 70 microM and a maximal rate of GDP displacement of ca 15 s(-1), it is 100-1000-fold more effective than other proteins showing exchange activity towards Rabs (MSS4, DSS4, Vps9) and ca tenfold faster than Cdc25 as a Ras specific exchanger, although still 100-fold slower than the fastest systems studied so far, EF-Tu/Ef-Ts and Ran/RCC1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	guanine nucleotide exchange factor VPS9	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	230-234
17134721-4	2007	With a K(d) value for the Sec2:Sec4.GDP interaction of ca 70 microM and a maximal rate of GDP displacement of ca 15 s(-1), it is 100-1000-fold more effective than other proteins showing exchange activity towards Rabs (MSS4, DSS4, Vps9) and ca tenfold faster than Cdc25 as a Ras specific exchanger, although still 100-fold slower than the fastest systems studied so far, EF-Tu/Ef-Ts and Ran/RCC1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	263-268
17134721-4	2007	With a K(d) value for the Sec2:Sec4.GDP interaction of ca 70 microM and a maximal rate of GDP displacement of ca 15 s(-1), it is 100-1000-fold more effective than other proteins showing exchange activity towards Rabs (MSS4, DSS4, Vps9) and ca tenfold faster than Cdc25 as a Ras specific exchanger, although still 100-fold slower than the fastest systems studied so far, EF-Tu/Ef-Ts and Ran/RCC1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	26-30
17134721-4	2007	With a K(d) value for the Sec2:Sec4.GDP interaction of ca 70 microM and a maximal rate of GDP displacement of ca 15 s(-1), it is 100-1000-fold more effective than other proteins showing exchange activity towards Rabs (MSS4, DSS4, Vps9) and ca tenfold faster than Cdc25 as a Ras specific exchanger, although still 100-fold slower than the fastest systems studied so far, EF-Tu/Ef-Ts and Ran/RCC1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	31-35
17134721-4	2007	With a K(d) value for the Sec2:Sec4.GDP interaction of ca 70 microM and a maximal rate of GDP displacement of ca 15 s(-1), it is 100-1000-fold more effective than other proteins showing exchange activity towards Rabs (MSS4, DSS4, Vps9) and ca tenfold faster than Cdc25 as a Ras specific exchanger, although still 100-fold slower than the fastest systems studied so far, EF-Tu/Ef-Ts and Ran/RCC1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	1-phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	218-222
17134721-4	2007	With a K(d) value for the Sec2:Sec4.GDP interaction of ca 70 microM and a maximal rate of GDP displacement of ca 15 s(-1), it is 100-1000-fold more effective than other proteins showing exchange activity towards Rabs (MSS4, DSS4, Vps9) and ca tenfold faster than Cdc25 as a Ras specific exchanger, although still 100-fold slower than the fastest systems studied so far, EF-Tu/Ef-Ts and Ran/RCC1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	guanine nucleotide exchange factor DSS4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	224-228
17134721-4	2007	With a K(d) value for the Sec2:Sec4.GDP interaction of ca 70 microM and a maximal rate of GDP displacement of ca 15 s(-1), it is 100-1000-fold more effective than other proteins showing exchange activity towards Rabs (MSS4, DSS4, Vps9) and ca tenfold faster than Cdc25 as a Ras specific exchanger, although still 100-fold slower than the fastest systems studied so far, EF-Tu/Ef-Ts and Ran/RCC1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	guanine nucleotide exchange factor VPS9	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	230-234
17134721-4	2007	With a K(d) value for the Sec2:Sec4.GDP interaction of ca 70 microM and a maximal rate of GDP displacement of ca 15 s(-1), it is 100-1000-fold more effective than other proteins showing exchange activity towards Rabs (MSS4, DSS4, Vps9) and ca tenfold faster than Cdc25 as a Ras specific exchanger, although still 100-fold slower than the fastest systems studied so far, EF-Tu/Ef-Ts and Ran/RCC1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	263-268
17134721-5	2007	A comparison with other proteins showing Rab exchange activity shows that maximal rates of GDP dissociation catalyzed by Sec2 are orders of magnitude faster.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	121-125
17263349-3	2007	Using the assay, the alpha2a adrenoceptor agonist UK14,304 was shown to simulate specific production of *GDP in membranes from HEK293T cells expressing receptor-G protein fusion to 525% of basal levels with an EC50 of 0.48 +/- 0.20 microM.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	adrenoceptor alpha 2A	Homo sapiens	21-41
17145773-6	2007	Deletion of the C-terminal tail did not constitutively activate Asef2 as predicted; rather, a conserved C-terminal segment was required for augmented Cdc42 GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	150-155
17122362-5	2007	ARF6-GTP preferentially interacts with Rac1-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	39-43
17094109-5	2007	At the first stage, a unified action of the nearest residues of Ras and the nearest water molecules results in a substantial spatial separation of the gamma-phosphate group of GTP from the rest of the molecule (GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	211-214	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
17107948-3	2007	Here, we report the first structure for a RGK protein: the crystal structure of a truncated form of the human Gem protein (G domain plus the first part of the C-terminal extension) in complex with Mg.GDP at 2.1 A resolution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	200-203	GTP binding protein overexpressed in skeletal muscle	Homo sapiens	110-113
17005526-11	2007	CONCLUSION: As compared to conventional PD solution, the use of balance, a neutral pH, low GDP solution resulted in a superior profile of PDE mesothelial cell marker and a lower degree of systemic inflammation, and the difference was maintained for 1 year.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1	Homo sapiens	138-141
17227842-2	2007	Brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange proteins (BIG) 1 and BIG2 activate human ADP-ribosylation factors (ARF) 1 and ARF3 by catalyzing the replacement of ARF-bound GDP with GTP to regulate Golgi vesicular transport.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	71-75
17227842-2	2007	Brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange proteins (BIG) 1 and BIG2 activate human ADP-ribosylation factors (ARF) 1 and ARF3 by catalyzing the replacement of ARF-bound GDP with GTP to regulate Golgi vesicular transport.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	91-123
17227842-2	2007	Brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange proteins (BIG) 1 and BIG2 activate human ADP-ribosylation factors (ARF) 1 and ARF3 by catalyzing the replacement of ARF-bound GDP with GTP to regulate Golgi vesicular transport.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	ADP ribosylation factor 3	Homo sapiens	128-132
17107948-4	2007	It reveals that the G-domain fold and Mg.GDP binding site of Gem are similar to those found for other Ras family GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	GTP binding protein overexpressed in skeletal muscle	Homo sapiens	61-64
17107948-6	2007	Biochemical studies show that the affinities of Gem for GDP and GTP are considerably lower (micromolar range) compared with H-Ras, independent of the presence or absence of N- and C-terminal extensions, whereas its GTPase activity is higher than that of H-Ras and regulated by both extensions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	GTP binding protein overexpressed in skeletal muscle	Homo sapiens	48-51
17709878-4	2007	PEPCK-C catalyzes the conversion of oxaloacetate + GTP to phosphoenolpyruvate + GDP + CO2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1, cytosolic	Mus musculus	0-7
17854654-15	2007	It is possible that the collapse of the switch regions, associated with Galpha deactivation, also encounters a kinetic barrier, and is coupled to product (Pi) release or an event preceding formation of the GDP*Pi complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	206-209	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	72-78
17075039-1	2006	The Ras-specific guanine nucleotide-exchange factors Son of sevenless (Sos) and Ras guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 1 (RasGRF1) transduce extracellular stimuli into Ras activation by catalyzing the exchange of Ras-bound GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	224-227	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	80-121
17189204-4	2007	Fasting increased DII activity and local thyroid hormone production in the arcuate nucleus in parallel with increased GDP-regulated UCP2-dependent mitochondrial uncoupling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	132-136
17011730-5	2006	In this study, the DH-PH motif is shown to enhance the dissociation of GDP from either RhoA or Rac1 but not from Cdc42 in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	Rho1	Drosophila melanogaster	87-91
16842238-3	2006	A mutant of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae lacking the mitochondrial GTP/GDP carrier protein (Ggc1p) exhibits decreased levels of matrix GTP and increased levels of matrix GDP [Vozza, Blanco, Palmieri and Palmieri (2004) J. Biol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	Ggc1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	94-99
16842238-3	2006	A mutant of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae lacking the mitochondrial GTP/GDP carrier protein (Ggc1p) exhibits decreased levels of matrix GTP and increased levels of matrix GDP [Vozza, Blanco, Palmieri and Palmieri (2004) J. Biol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	172-175	Ggc1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	94-99
16842238-11	2006	Thus the role of Ggc1p in iron metabolism is mediated by effects on GTP/GDP levels in the mitochondrial matrix.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	Ggc1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	17-22
17011730-5	2006	In this study, the DH-PH motif is shown to enhance the dissociation of GDP from either RhoA or Rac1 but not from Cdc42 in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	Rac1	Drosophila melanogaster	95-99
17011013-1	2006	In the early steps of visual signal transduction, light-activated rhodopsin (R*) catalyzes GDP/GTP exchange in the heterotrimeric G protein (Galphabetagamma) transducin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	66-75
17011013-4	2006	Binding of CTalpha by R* then triggers GDP/GTP exchange in the Galpha subunit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	63-69
17075039-1	2006	The Ras-specific guanine nucleotide-exchange factors Son of sevenless (Sos) and Ras guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 1 (RasGRF1) transduce extracellular stimuli into Ras activation by catalyzing the exchange of Ras-bound GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	224-227	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	123-130
17022934-5	2006	However uncoupling protein 1 expression per unit mass of mitochondria was increased after cold-acclimation, as determined by immunoblotting (approximately 1.7-fold) and GDP binding (approximately 1.5-fold).	Guanosine Diphosphate	169-172	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	8-28
17077295-6	2006	Neuroglobin is unlikely to be involved in O2 transport (like myoglobin), although it seems to act as a sensor of the O2/NO ratio in the cell, possibly regulating the GDP/GTP exchange rate forming a specific complex with the G(alpha beta gamma)-protein when oxidized but not when bound to a gaseous ligand.	Guanosine Diphosphate	166-169	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	0-11
17082457-2	2006	We identified a mammalian protein, protrudin, that promoted neurite formation through interaction with the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound form of Rab11.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-128	zinc finger FYVE-type containing 27	Homo sapiens	35-44
17082457-2	2006	We identified a mammalian protein, protrudin, that promoted neurite formation through interaction with the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound form of Rab11.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-128	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	149-154
17082457-2	2006	We identified a mammalian protein, protrudin, that promoted neurite formation through interaction with the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound form of Rab11.	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-133	zinc finger FYVE-type containing 27	Homo sapiens	35-44
17082457-2	2006	We identified a mammalian protein, protrudin, that promoted neurite formation through interaction with the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound form of Rab11.	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-133	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	149-154
16950859-8	2006	Block of vesicle formation from the ER by overexpression of the small GTP-binding protein Sar1 fixed in its GDP-bound form led to retention of wild-type KAT1 in similar parts of the ER.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	kynurenine aminotransferase 1	Homo sapiens	153-157
16950859-8	2006	Block of vesicle formation from the ER by overexpression of the small GTP-binding protein Sar1 fixed in its GDP-bound form led to retention of wild-type KAT1 in similar parts of the ER.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1A	Homo sapiens	90-94
17181942-8	2006	The 4 well repeated spots were identified by MALDI-TOF MS as Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor GDI alpha, 6-phosphogluconolactonase, erbB3 binding protein EBP1 and lamin A/C, isoform 1 precursor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	lamin A/C	Homo sapiens	161-191
17059215-7	2006	Here, it is shown that both light-activated rhodopsin and the soluble mimic of R form trapped intermediate complexes with a GDP-released "empty pocket" state of the heterotrimer in the absence of GTP (or GTPgammaS).	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	44-53
16923811-2	2006	Because the GTP- or GDP-locked mutant of Rab27A causes perinuclear aggregation of melanosomes, appropriate GTP-GDP cycling of Rab27A is essential for melanosome transport, and certain guanine nucleotide exchange factors and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) of Rab27A must be present in melanocytes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	41-47
17052716-4	2006	Our ensuing biochemical characterization indicates that Gem G-domain markedly prefers GDP over GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	GTP binding protein overexpressed in skeletal muscle	Homo sapiens	56-59
17053066-2	2006	Crystal structures indicate that conformational changes in "switch" sequences of Galpha, controlled by the identity of the bound nucleotide (GDP and GTP), modulate binding affinities to the Gbetagamma subunits, receptor, and effector proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	141-144	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	81-87
17042495-3	2006	It was found that P(i) release from EF-Tu is >20-fold slower than GTP cleavage and limits the rate of the conformational switch of EF-Tu from the GTP- to the GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	161-164	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	36-41
17042495-3	2006	It was found that P(i) release from EF-Tu is >20-fold slower than GTP cleavage and limits the rate of the conformational switch of EF-Tu from the GTP- to the GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	161-164	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	134-139
17005216-4	2006	The structure of AtRAC7/ROP9 bound to GDP was solved at a resolution of 1.78 A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	RHO-related protein from plants 9	Arabidopsis thaliana	17-23
17005216-4	2006	The structure of AtRAC7/ROP9 bound to GDP was solved at a resolution of 1.78 A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	RHO-related protein from plants 9	Arabidopsis thaliana	24-28
16923811-2	2006	Because the GTP- or GDP-locked mutant of Rab27A causes perinuclear aggregation of melanosomes, appropriate GTP-GDP cycling of Rab27A is essential for melanosome transport, and certain guanine nucleotide exchange factors and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) of Rab27A must be present in melanocytes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	41-47
16923811-2	2006	Because the GTP- or GDP-locked mutant of Rab27A causes perinuclear aggregation of melanosomes, appropriate GTP-GDP cycling of Rab27A is essential for melanosome transport, and certain guanine nucleotide exchange factors and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) of Rab27A must be present in melanocytes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	126-132
16923811-2	2006	Because the GTP- or GDP-locked mutant of Rab27A causes perinuclear aggregation of melanosomes, appropriate GTP-GDP cycling of Rab27A is essential for melanosome transport, and certain guanine nucleotide exchange factors and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) of Rab27A must be present in melanocytes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	126-132
16899220-0	2006	An open conformation of switch I revealed by Sar1-GDP crystal structure at low Mg2+.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1A	Homo sapiens	45-49
16990799-1	2006	In eukaryotic translation initiation, the eIF2.GTP/Met-tRNA(i)(Met) ternary complex (TC) binds the eIF3/eIF1/eIF5 complex to form the multifactor complex (MFC), whereas eIF2.GDP binds the pentameric factor eIF2B for guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	174-177	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	42-46
16990799-1	2006	In eukaryotic translation initiation, the eIF2.GTP/Met-tRNA(i)(Met) ternary complex (TC) binds the eIF3/eIF1/eIF5 complex to form the multifactor complex (MFC), whereas eIF2.GDP binds the pentameric factor eIF2B for guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	174-177	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit A	Homo sapiens	99-103
16990799-1	2006	In eukaryotic translation initiation, the eIF2.GTP/Met-tRNA(i)(Met) ternary complex (TC) binds the eIF3/eIF1/eIF5 complex to form the multifactor complex (MFC), whereas eIF2.GDP binds the pentameric factor eIF2B for guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	174-177	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1	Homo sapiens	104-108
16990799-1	2006	In eukaryotic translation initiation, the eIF2.GTP/Met-tRNA(i)(Met) ternary complex (TC) binds the eIF3/eIF1/eIF5 complex to form the multifactor complex (MFC), whereas eIF2.GDP binds the pentameric factor eIF2B for guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	174-177	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	109-113
17009310-14	2006	TG2 bound to GDP, ADP, or ATP (but not to GTP) rescued defective apoptotic leukocyte uptake by TG2-/- macrophages.	Guanosine Diphosphate	13-16	transglutaminase 2, C polypeptide	Mus musculus	0-3
16998826-1	2006	The Rho GTPases-Rho, Rac and Cdc42-act as molecular switches, cycling between an active GTP-bound state and an inactive GDP-bound state, to regulate the actin cytoskeleton.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	21-24
16998826-1	2006	The Rho GTPases-Rho, Rac and Cdc42-act as molecular switches, cycling between an active GTP-bound state and an inactive GDP-bound state, to regulate the actin cytoskeleton.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	29-34
17018601-7	2006	E(2) also rapidly decreased the inactive, GDP-bound form of Rheb.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding	Homo sapiens	60-64
16873363-4	2006	The unique result of GTP hydrolysis catalyzed by hGBP1 is GDP and GMP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	guanylate binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	49-54
16873363-13	2006	The assembled forms of the GDP- and GMP-bound states of hGBP1 are accessible only through GTP binding and hydrolysis and achieve a lifetime of a few seconds.	Guanosine Diphosphate	27-30	guanylate binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	56-61
16963086-3	2006	We show that Dcs1 is active as a homodimer with low KM values for cleavage of m(7)GpppG (0.14 microM) and m(7)GDP (0.26 microM).	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	5'-(N(7)-methyl 5'-triphosphoguanosine)-(mRNA) diphosphatase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	13-17
16880209-0	2006	Constitutive GDP/GTP exchange and secretion-dependent GTP hydrolysis activity for Rab27 in platelets.	Guanosine Diphosphate	13-16	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	82-87
16880209-3	2006	We found that Rab27 was predominantly present in the GTP-bound form in unstimulated platelets due to constitutive GDP/GTP exchange activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	14-19
16899220-2	2006	To understand the structural basis for Mg2+ function during the GDP/GTP exchange process, we determined the crystal structure of Delta9-Sar1-GDP at low Mg2+ concentration at 1.8A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1A	Homo sapiens	136-140
16899220-3	2006	Two Sar1-GDP molecules in the crystal form a dimer with Mg2+ presenting only in molecule B but not in molecule A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1A	Homo sapiens	4-8
16925551-3	2006	In this work, we showed that this phosphorylation did not necessitate the main cell wall sensors Wsc1p and Mid2p, but was abolished upon deletion of ROM2 encoding a GDP/GTP exchange factor of Rho1p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor ROM2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	149-153
16981699-7	2006	The crystal structure of KB-1753 bound to G alpha(i1) x GDP x AlF4(-) reveals binding to a conserved hydrophobic groove between switch II and alpha3 helices and, along with supporting biochemical data and previous structural analyses, supports the notion that this is the site of effector interactions for G alpha(i) subunits.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	44-52
16892066-1	2006	Heptahelical receptors activate intracellular signaling pathways by catalyzing GTP for GDP exchange on the heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunit (G alpha).	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	122-154
16940356-2	2006	Recently, it was reported that, in contrast to previous observations, the affinity of EF-G was much weaker for GTP than for GDP and that ribosome-catalyzed GDP-GTP exchange would be required for translocation [Zavialov AV, Hauryliuk VV, Ehrenberg M (2005) J Biol 4:9].	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	86-90
16940356-3	2006	We have reinvestigated GTP/GDP binding and show that EF-G binds GTP and GDP with affinities in the 20 to 40 microM range (37 degrees C), in accordance with earlier reports.	Guanosine Diphosphate	27-30	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	53-57
16940356-3	2006	We have reinvestigated GTP/GDP binding and show that EF-G binds GTP and GDP with affinities in the 20 to 40 microM range (37 degrees C), in accordance with earlier reports.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	53-57
16940356-4	2006	Furthermore, GDP exchange, which is extremely rapid on unbound EF-G, is retarded, rather than accelerated, on the ribosome, which, therefore, is not a nucleotide-exchange factor for EF-G.	Guanosine Diphosphate	13-16	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	63-67
16931597-3	2006	To this end, we expressed in PtK1 cells cDNA constructs encoding GDP-restricted (S25N) and GTP-restricted (Q70L) mutants of Rab11b, a small GTPase that has been implicated in the late stage of recycling, where membrane components from the endosomal recycling compartment are transported back to the plasma membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	RAB11B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	124-130
16760361-7	2006	The single low-affinity binding site of the K324A mutant to isoproterenol was converted by the C-terminal 11-amino-acid peptide of G(s)alpha, which acts a GDP-bound G(s)alpha mimic, to high- and low-affinity sites.	Guanosine Diphosphate	155-158	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	131-140
16760361-7	2006	The single low-affinity binding site of the K324A mutant to isoproterenol was converted by the C-terminal 11-amino-acid peptide of G(s)alpha, which acts a GDP-bound G(s)alpha mimic, to high- and low-affinity sites.	Guanosine Diphosphate	155-158	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	165-174
16924114-6	2006	However, we find that although Krh1 associates with both GDP and GTP-bound Gpa2, it displays a preference for GTP-Gpa2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	Gpb2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	31-35
16925551-3	2006	In this work, we showed that this phosphorylation did not necessitate the main cell wall sensors Wsc1p and Mid2p, but was abolished upon deletion of ROM2 encoding a GDP/GTP exchange factor of Rho1p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	192-197
16754659-2	2006	In vitro measurements show that PLC beta1 will bind to G alpha(q)(guanosine 5"-3-O-(thio)triphosphate) and also to G alpha(q)(GDP), and the latter association has a different protein-protein orientation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-129	phospholipase C beta 1	Homo sapiens	32-41
16876786-2	2006	Kirromycin and enacyloxin block EF-Tu.GDP on the ribosome; pulvomycin and GE2270 A inhibit the interaction of EF-Tu.GTP with aa-tRNA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	32-37
16876786-2	2006	Kirromycin and enacyloxin block EF-Tu.GDP on the ribosome; pulvomycin and GE2270 A inhibit the interaction of EF-Tu.GTP with aa-tRNA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	110-115
16754659-2	2006	In vitro measurements show that PLC beta1 will bind to G alpha(q)(guanosine 5"-3-O-(thio)triphosphate) and also to G alpha(q)(GDP), and the latter association has a different protein-protein orientation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-129	G protein subunit alpha q	Homo sapiens	115-125
16754664-6	2006	In vitro studies demonstrated that Epac1 directly interacts with R-Ras and catalyzes GDP/GTP exchange at this GTPase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	35-40
16871065-5	2006	RESULTS: Acetylcholine caused a concentration-dependent increase in Galphaq [35S]GTPgammaS-GDP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	G protein subunit alpha q	Homo sapiens	68-75
16885028-4	2006	Specifically, both unwinding of U4/U6, required for spliceosome activation, and disassembly of the postsplicing U2/U6.U5.intron complex are repressed by Snu114p bound to GDP and derepressed by Snu114p bound to GTP or nonhydrolyzable GTP analogs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-173	elongation factor Tu GTP binding domain containing 2	Homo sapiens	153-160
16885028-4	2006	Specifically, both unwinding of U4/U6, required for spliceosome activation, and disassembly of the postsplicing U2/U6.U5.intron complex are repressed by Snu114p bound to GDP and derepressed by Snu114p bound to GTP or nonhydrolyzable GTP analogs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-173	elongation factor Tu GTP binding domain containing 2	Homo sapiens	193-200
16871065-7	2006	Conversely, each anesthetic caused a concentration-dependent and reversible inhibition of Galphaq [35S]GTPgammaS-GDP exchange when promoted by acetylcholine.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	G protein subunit alpha q	Homo sapiens	90-97
16866878-3	2006	Here, we report the crystal structure of the GTPase domain of human Rad in the GDP-bound form at 1.8 A resolution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	RRAD, Ras related glycolysis inhibitor and calcium channel regulator	Homo sapiens	68-71
16866878-9	2006	The GDP molecule is located at the same position as in H-Ras and adopts a similar conformation as that bound in H-Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	55-60
16957986-1	2006	The activation of heterotrimeric G proteins induced by G protein coupled receptors (GPCR) is generally believed to occur by a GDP/GTP exchange at the G protein alpha -subunit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-129	mitochondrial ribosome associated GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	130-133
16866878-9	2006	The GDP molecule is located at the same position as in H-Ras and adopts a similar conformation as that bound in H-Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	112-117
16737952-2	2006	A key determinant of ARF6 function is the lifetime of the GTP-bound active state, which is orchestrated by GTPase-activating protein (GAP) and GTP-GDP exchanging factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	147-150	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	21-25
16957986-2	2006	Nevertheless, nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) and the beta-subunit of G proteins (Gbeta) participate in G protein activation by phosphate transfer reactions leading to the formation of GTP from GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	199-202	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	14-43
16957986-2	2006	Nevertheless, nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) and the beta-subunit of G proteins (Gbeta) participate in G protein activation by phosphate transfer reactions leading to the formation of GTP from GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	199-202	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	45-49
16957986-2	2006	Nevertheless, nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) and the beta-subunit of G proteins (Gbeta) participate in G protein activation by phosphate transfer reactions leading to the formation of GTP from GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	199-202	mitochondrial ribosome associated GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	190-193
16762324-7	2006	CFTR activity is inhibited both by Rab27a (Q78L) (constitutive active GTP-bound form of Rab27a) and Rab27a (T23N) (constitutive negative form that mimics the GDP-bound form).	Guanosine Diphosphate	158-161	CF transmembrane conductance regulator	Homo sapiens	0-4
16717093-4	2006	Intrinsic as well as EF-Ts-catalyzed release of GDP/GTP was affected by the mutations, resulting in an approximately 10-fold faster spontaneous nucleotide release and a 10-50-fold slower EF-Ts-catalyzed nucleotide release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	21-26
16717093-4	2006	Intrinsic as well as EF-Ts-catalyzed release of GDP/GTP was affected by the mutations, resulting in an approximately 10-fold faster spontaneous nucleotide release and a 10-50-fold slower EF-Ts-catalyzed nucleotide release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	187-192
16717093-5	2006	The effects are attributed to the interference of the mutations with the EF-Ts-induced movements of the P-loop of EF-Tu and changes at the domain 1/3 interface, leading to the release of the beta-phosphate group of GTP/GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	219-222	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	73-78
16717093-5	2006	The effects are attributed to the interference of the mutations with the EF-Ts-induced movements of the P-loop of EF-Tu and changes at the domain 1/3 interface, leading to the release of the beta-phosphate group of GTP/GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	219-222	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	114-119
16702224-2	2006	Cybr protein associates with members of the cytohesin family, which are known ADP-ribosylation factors-GDP/GTP exchange factors, and its functions appear to regulate lymphocyte adhesion and cell-cell contact.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	cytohesin 1 interacting protein	Homo sapiens	0-4
16702219-2	2006	In resting phagocytes, Rac is found in the cytosol as a prenylated protein in the GDP-bound form, associated with the Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDI).	Guanosine Diphosphate	82-85	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	23-26
16728407-3	2006	The TSC1-2 tumor suppressor complex has been shown to act as a RhebGAP, converting Rheb from a GTP-bound to a GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	TSC complex subunit 1	Homo sapiens	4-8
16728407-3	2006	The TSC1-2 tumor suppressor complex has been shown to act as a RhebGAP, converting Rheb from a GTP-bound to a GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding	Homo sapiens	63-67
16675455-2	2006	Stopped-flow kinetics using 2"-(or 3")-O-N-methylanthraniloyl (mant)-GDP showed spontaneous release of nucleotide from eEF1A is extremely slow and accelerated 700-fold by eEF1B alpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	119-124
16675455-2	2006	Stopped-flow kinetics using 2"-(or 3")-O-N-methylanthraniloyl (mant)-GDP showed spontaneous release of nucleotide from eEF1A is extremely slow and accelerated 700-fold by eEF1B alpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2 pseudogene 2	Homo sapiens	171-176
16728394-1	2006	The cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA I and II) and the cAMP-stimulated GDP exchange factors (Epac1 and -2) are major cAMP effectors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	95-107
16702219-6	2006	Exposing Rac(1 or 2)(GDP) x RhoGDI complexes to liposomes containing four different anionic phospholipids caused the dissociation of Rac(1 or 2)(GDP) from RhoGDI and its binding to the anionic liposomes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	9-19
16702219-6	2006	Exposing Rac(1 or 2)(GDP) x RhoGDI complexes to liposomes containing four different anionic phospholipids caused the dissociation of Rac(1 or 2)(GDP) from RhoGDI and its binding to the anionic liposomes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	28-34
16702219-6	2006	Exposing Rac(1 or 2)(GDP) x RhoGDI complexes to liposomes containing four different anionic phospholipids caused the dissociation of Rac(1 or 2)(GDP) from RhoGDI and its binding to the anionic liposomes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	133-143
16702219-6	2006	Exposing Rac(1 or 2)(GDP) x RhoGDI complexes to liposomes containing four different anionic phospholipids caused the dissociation of Rac(1 or 2)(GDP) from RhoGDI and its binding to the anionic liposomes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	155-161
16702219-6	2006	Exposing Rac(1 or 2)(GDP) x RhoGDI complexes to liposomes containing four different anionic phospholipids caused the dissociation of Rac(1 or 2)(GDP) from RhoGDI and its binding to the anionic liposomes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	145-148	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	9-19
16702219-6	2006	Exposing Rac(1 or 2)(GDP) x RhoGDI complexes to liposomes containing four different anionic phospholipids caused the dissociation of Rac(1 or 2)(GDP) from RhoGDI and its binding to the anionic liposomes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	145-148	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	28-34
16702219-6	2006	Exposing Rac(1 or 2)(GDP) x RhoGDI complexes to liposomes containing four different anionic phospholipids caused the dissociation of Rac(1 or 2)(GDP) from RhoGDI and its binding to the anionic liposomes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	145-148	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	133-143
16702219-6	2006	Exposing Rac(1 or 2)(GDP) x RhoGDI complexes to liposomes containing four different anionic phospholipids caused the dissociation of Rac(1 or 2)(GDP) from RhoGDI and its binding to the anionic liposomes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	145-148	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	155-161
16714282-6	2006	The novel role was further supported by: 1) in vitro binding analyses that demonstrated a direct interaction between Cav-1 and Cdc42; 2) GST-Cdc42 interaction assays showing preferential Cav-1 binding to GDP-Cdc42 over that of GTP-Cdc42; 3) Cav-1 depletion studies resulting in an inappropriate 40% induction of activated Cdc42 in the absence of stimuli and also a 40% increase in basal insulin release from both MIN6 cells and islets.	Guanosine Diphosphate	204-207	caveolin 1, caveolae protein	Mus musculus	117-122
16714282-6	2006	The novel role was further supported by: 1) in vitro binding analyses that demonstrated a direct interaction between Cav-1 and Cdc42; 2) GST-Cdc42 interaction assays showing preferential Cav-1 binding to GDP-Cdc42 over that of GTP-Cdc42; 3) Cav-1 depletion studies resulting in an inappropriate 40% induction of activated Cdc42 in the absence of stimuli and also a 40% increase in basal insulin release from both MIN6 cells and islets.	Guanosine Diphosphate	204-207	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	127-132
16714282-6	2006	The novel role was further supported by: 1) in vitro binding analyses that demonstrated a direct interaction between Cav-1 and Cdc42; 2) GST-Cdc42 interaction assays showing preferential Cav-1 binding to GDP-Cdc42 over that of GTP-Cdc42; 3) Cav-1 depletion studies resulting in an inappropriate 40% induction of activated Cdc42 in the absence of stimuli and also a 40% increase in basal insulin release from both MIN6 cells and islets.	Guanosine Diphosphate	204-207	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	141-146
16714282-6	2006	The novel role was further supported by: 1) in vitro binding analyses that demonstrated a direct interaction between Cav-1 and Cdc42; 2) GST-Cdc42 interaction assays showing preferential Cav-1 binding to GDP-Cdc42 over that of GTP-Cdc42; 3) Cav-1 depletion studies resulting in an inappropriate 40% induction of activated Cdc42 in the absence of stimuli and also a 40% increase in basal insulin release from both MIN6 cells and islets.	Guanosine Diphosphate	204-207	caveolin 1, caveolae protein	Mus musculus	187-192
16714282-6	2006	The novel role was further supported by: 1) in vitro binding analyses that demonstrated a direct interaction between Cav-1 and Cdc42; 2) GST-Cdc42 interaction assays showing preferential Cav-1 binding to GDP-Cdc42 over that of GTP-Cdc42; 3) Cav-1 depletion studies resulting in an inappropriate 40% induction of activated Cdc42 in the absence of stimuli and also a 40% increase in basal insulin release from both MIN6 cells and islets.	Guanosine Diphosphate	204-207	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	141-146
16702219-9	2006	Rac1 exchanged to the hydrolysis-resistant GTP analogue, GMPPNP, associated with RhoGDI with lower affinity than Rac1(GDP) and Rac1(GMPPNP) x RhoGDI complexes were more readily dissociated by anionic liposomes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
16790928-2	2006	In Rab proteins, the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP is coupled with association with and dissociation from membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	RAB6B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	3-6
16702219-9	2006	Rac1 exchanged to the hydrolysis-resistant GTP analogue, GMPPNP, associated with RhoGDI with lower affinity than Rac1(GDP) and Rac1(GMPPNP) x RhoGDI complexes were more readily dissociated by anionic liposomes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	113-117
16702219-9	2006	Rac1 exchanged to the hydrolysis-resistant GTP analogue, GMPPNP, associated with RhoGDI with lower affinity than Rac1(GDP) and Rac1(GMPPNP) x RhoGDI complexes were more readily dissociated by anionic liposomes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	142-148
16819824-4	2006	Upon formation of the PEPCK-Mn2+-PEP or PEPCK-Mn2+-malonate-Mn2+ GDP complexes, C307 coordination is lost as the P-loop in which it resides adopts a different conformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	progestagen associated endometrial protein	Homo sapiens	22-25
16819824-4	2006	Upon formation of the PEPCK-Mn2+-PEP or PEPCK-Mn2+-malonate-Mn2+ GDP complexes, C307 coordination is lost as the P-loop in which it resides adopts a different conformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	40-45
16714282-6	2006	The novel role was further supported by: 1) in vitro binding analyses that demonstrated a direct interaction between Cav-1 and Cdc42; 2) GST-Cdc42 interaction assays showing preferential Cav-1 binding to GDP-Cdc42 over that of GTP-Cdc42; 3) Cav-1 depletion studies resulting in an inappropriate 40% induction of activated Cdc42 in the absence of stimuli and also a 40% increase in basal insulin release from both MIN6 cells and islets.	Guanosine Diphosphate	204-207	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	141-146
16714282-6	2006	The novel role was further supported by: 1) in vitro binding analyses that demonstrated a direct interaction between Cav-1 and Cdc42; 2) GST-Cdc42 interaction assays showing preferential Cav-1 binding to GDP-Cdc42 over that of GTP-Cdc42; 3) Cav-1 depletion studies resulting in an inappropriate 40% induction of activated Cdc42 in the absence of stimuli and also a 40% increase in basal insulin release from both MIN6 cells and islets.	Guanosine Diphosphate	204-207	caveolin 1, caveolae protein	Mus musculus	187-192
16714282-6	2006	The novel role was further supported by: 1) in vitro binding analyses that demonstrated a direct interaction between Cav-1 and Cdc42; 2) GST-Cdc42 interaction assays showing preferential Cav-1 binding to GDP-Cdc42 over that of GTP-Cdc42; 3) Cav-1 depletion studies resulting in an inappropriate 40% induction of activated Cdc42 in the absence of stimuli and also a 40% increase in basal insulin release from both MIN6 cells and islets.	Guanosine Diphosphate	204-207	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	141-146
16839886-6	2006	Notably, Vps15 binds to GDP-bound Gpa1 and is predicted to have a seven-WD repeat structure similar to that of known G protein beta subunits.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	ubiquitin-binding serine/threonine protein kinase VPS15	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	9-14
16839886-6	2006	Notably, Vps15 binds to GDP-bound Gpa1 and is predicted to have a seven-WD repeat structure similar to that of known G protein beta subunits.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	34-38
16797113-3	2006	From the present data we propose that (i) free eRF3 has a strong preference to bind GDP compared to GTP (ii) eRF3 in complex with eRF1 has much stronger affinity to GTP than free eRF3 (iii) eRF3 in complex with PABP has weak affinity to GTP (iv) eRF3 in complex with eRF1 does not have strong affinity to GDPNP, implying that GDPNP is a poor analogue of GTP for eRF3 binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	eukaryotic translation termination factor 1	Homo sapiens	130-134
16797113-3	2006	From the present data we propose that (i) free eRF3 has a strong preference to bind GDP compared to GTP (ii) eRF3 in complex with eRF1 has much stronger affinity to GTP than free eRF3 (iii) eRF3 in complex with PABP has weak affinity to GTP (iv) eRF3 in complex with eRF1 does not have strong affinity to GDPNP, implying that GDPNP is a poor analogue of GTP for eRF3 binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	poly(A) binding protein cytoplasmic 1	Homo sapiens	211-215
16797113-3	2006	From the present data we propose that (i) free eRF3 has a strong preference to bind GDP compared to GTP (ii) eRF3 in complex with eRF1 has much stronger affinity to GTP than free eRF3 (iii) eRF3 in complex with PABP has weak affinity to GTP (iv) eRF3 in complex with eRF1 does not have strong affinity to GDPNP, implying that GDPNP is a poor analogue of GTP for eRF3 binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	eukaryotic translation termination factor 1	Homo sapiens	267-271
16857012-6	2006	In addition, we show that recombinant septin 2 binds guanine nucleotides with a Kd of 0.28 microm for GTPgammaS and 1.75 microm for GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	132-135	septin 2	Homo sapiens	38-46
16815918-0	2006	Bacteriorhodopsin chimeras containing the third cytoplasmic loop of bovine rhodopsin activate transducin for GTP/GDP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	8-17
16784226-2	2006	Cdc42 mutants that constitutively exchange GDP for GTP but still hydrolyze GTP (called "fast-cycling" mutants) promote cellular transformation, whereas Cdc42 mutants that are unable to hydrolyze GTP and are irreversibly trapped in the GTP-bound state often inhibit cell growth.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	0-5
16782817-3	2006	Rab3A cycles between the GDP-bound inactive and GTP-bound active forms, and this change in activity is associated with the trafficking cycle of synaptic vesicles at nerve terminals.	Guanosine Diphosphate	25-28	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	0-5
16778192-1	2006	Mammalian wild-type Vav1 (wtVav1) encodes a specific GDP/GTP nucleotide exchange factor that is exclusively expressed in the hematopoietic system.	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	20-24
16630545-4	2006	We hereby report that Rab27a-dependent inhibition is associated with the GTP/GDP status as constitutively active or GTPase-deficient mutant Q78L inhibits amiloride-sensitive currents whereas GDP-locked inactive mutant T23N showed no effect.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	22-28
16630545-4	2006	We hereby report that Rab27a-dependent inhibition is associated with the GTP/GDP status as constitutively active or GTPase-deficient mutant Q78L inhibits amiloride-sensitive currents whereas GDP-locked inactive mutant T23N showed no effect.	Guanosine Diphosphate	191-194	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	22-28
16630545-11	2006	These observations decisively prove that Rab27a inhibits ENaC function through a complex mechanism that involves GTP/GDP status, and protein-protein interactions involving Munc13-4 and SLP-5 effector proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	117-120	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	41-47
16545962-8	2006	In this work, inactive Rab11b crystallized as a monomer showing a flexible Switch I and a magnesium ion which is coordinated by four water molecules, the phosphate beta of GDP (beta-P) and the invariant S25.	Guanosine Diphosphate	172-175	RAB11B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	23-29
16754960-4	2006	This function of Rab21 is dependent on its GTP/GDP cycle and proper membrane targeting.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	RAB21, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	17-22
16243488-5	2006	Hence, we propose a model in which LRRK1 cycles between a GTP-bound active and a GDP-bound inactive state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	leucine rich repeat kinase 1	Homo sapiens	35-40
16597700-6	2006	Overexpression of the GEF Tiam1 unexpectedly decreased k(off) for wtRac, most likely by converting membrane-bound GDP-Rac back to GTP-Rac.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	68-71
16597700-6	2006	Overexpression of the GEF Tiam1 unexpectedly decreased k(off) for wtRac, most likely by converting membrane-bound GDP-Rac back to GTP-Rac.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	118-121
16527809-7	2006	Finally, competition experiments conducted in vivo suggest the existence of a membrane receptor for GDP-bound Arf6.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	110-114
16568096-3	2006	Such translocation is associated with changes in RhoG GDP/GTP levels and is highly dependent on lipid raft integrity and on the function of the GTPase dynamin2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	ras homolog family member G	Homo sapiens	49-53
16568096-3	2006	Such translocation is associated with changes in RhoG GDP/GTP levels and is highly dependent on lipid raft integrity and on the function of the GTPase dynamin2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	dynamin 2	Homo sapiens	151-159
16527809-2	2006	First, by comparing a fast-cycling mutant (Arf6(T157N)) and a GTPase-deficient mutant (Arf6(Q67L)), we established the necessity for completion of the Arf6 GDP/GTP cycle for recycling of major histocompatibility complex molecules to the plasma membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	87-91
16527809-2	2006	First, by comparing a fast-cycling mutant (Arf6(T157N)) and a GTPase-deficient mutant (Arf6(Q67L)), we established the necessity for completion of the Arf6 GDP/GTP cycle for recycling of major histocompatibility complex molecules to the plasma membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	87-91
16525121-4	2006	Varp interacts preferentially with GDP-bound Rab21 and has a much stronger guanine nucleotide exchange activity towards Rab21 than Rab5.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	ankyrin repeat domain 27	Homo sapiens	0-4
16596397-8	2006	hU-II stimulated GTPgamma[(35)S] binding (pEC(50) 8.38), optimal at low (0.1 muM) GDP concentrations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	82-85	urotensin 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
16923326-2	2006	In the resting state, the G-protein alpha subunit (Galpha) binds GDP and Gbetagamma.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	51-57
16923326-3	2006	Receptors activate G proteins by catalyzing GTP for GDP exchange on Galpha, leading to a structural change in the Galpha(GTP) and Gbetagamma subunits that allows the activation of a variety of downstream effector proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	68-74
16923326-3	2006	Receptors activate G proteins by catalyzing GTP for GDP exchange on Galpha, leading to a structural change in the Galpha(GTP) and Gbetagamma subunits that allows the activation of a variety of downstream effector proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	114-120
16923326-7	2006	However, relatively little is known about the receptor-G protein complex and how this interaction leads to GDP release from Galpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	124-130
16541104-4	2006	In contrast to other characterized exchange factor-GTPase complexes, MSS4:Rab8 complex binds GTP faster than GDP, but still ca.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	RAB interacting factor	Homo sapiens	69-73
16541104-4	2006	In contrast to other characterized exchange factor-GTPase complexes, MSS4:Rab8 complex binds GTP faster than GDP, but still ca.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	74-78
16582624-2	2006	As the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for eIF2, it recycles eIF2 from a GDP to a GTP bound form that is competent for translation initiation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	46-50
16582624-2	2006	As the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for eIF2, it recycles eIF2 from a GDP to a GTP bound form that is competent for translation initiation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	64-68
16439353-4	2006	We show here that GIT1, a GTPase-activating protein stimulating GTP hydrolysis on ARF6, is the second molecular partner that turns over the GDP/GTP cycle of ARF6 during cell stimulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	GIT ArfGAP 1	Rattus norvegicus	18-22
16439353-4	2006	We show here that GIT1, a GTPase-activating protein stimulating GTP hydrolysis on ARF6, is the second molecular partner that turns over the GDP/GTP cycle of ARF6 during cell stimulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Rattus norvegicus	82-86
16439353-4	2006	We show here that GIT1, a GTPase-activating protein stimulating GTP hydrolysis on ARF6, is the second molecular partner that turns over the GDP/GTP cycle of ARF6 during cell stimulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Rattus norvegicus	157-161
16595124-5	2006	In addition, we demonstrated that in mitochondria from fenofibrate-treated rats a palmitoyl-carnitine-induced GDP-sensitive uncoupling takes place, involving UCP3 rather than other uncouplers (i.e., UCP2 and Adenine Nucleotide Translocase).	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	uncoupling protein 3	Rattus norvegicus	158-162
16595124-5	2006	In addition, we demonstrated that in mitochondria from fenofibrate-treated rats a palmitoyl-carnitine-induced GDP-sensitive uncoupling takes place, involving UCP3 rather than other uncouplers (i.e., UCP2 and Adenine Nucleotide Translocase).	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	uncoupling protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	199-203
16484231-4	2006	BFA inhibits the activation of Arf1 by its GEFs in vivo by stabilizing an abortive complex between Arf-GDP and the catalytic Sec7 domain of some of its GEFs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	31-35
16484231-4	2006	BFA inhibits the activation of Arf1 by its GEFs in vivo by stabilizing an abortive complex between Arf-GDP and the catalytic Sec7 domain of some of its GEFs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	125-129
16530190-1	2006	The G-protein regulatory (GPR) motif is a approximately 25 amino acid sequence that stabilizes the GDP-bound conformation of Gialpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	99-102	G protein-coupled receptor 176	Rattus norvegicus	26-29
16337026-1	2006	Alpha and betaPIX belong to the group of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that mediate activation of members of the Rho GTPase family, in particular Rac1 and Cdc42, by stimulating the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	206-209	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 7	Homo sapiens	10-17
16337026-1	2006	Alpha and betaPIX belong to the group of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that mediate activation of members of the Rho GTPase family, in particular Rac1 and Cdc42, by stimulating the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	206-209	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	159-163
16337026-1	2006	Alpha and betaPIX belong to the group of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that mediate activation of members of the Rho GTPase family, in particular Rac1 and Cdc42, by stimulating the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	206-209	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	168-173
16344263-1	2006	FUT8, mammalian alpha1,6-fucosyltransferase, catalyzes the transfer of a fucose residue from the donor substrate, guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP)-beta-L-fucose, to the reducing terminal GlcNAc of the core structure of asparagine-linked oligosaccharide via an alpha1,6-linkage.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-138	fucosyltransferase 8	Homo sapiens	0-4
16344263-1	2006	FUT8, mammalian alpha1,6-fucosyltransferase, catalyzes the transfer of a fucose residue from the donor substrate, guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP)-beta-L-fucose, to the reducing terminal GlcNAc of the core structure of asparagine-linked oligosaccharide via an alpha1,6-linkage.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-138	fucosyltransferase 8	Homo sapiens	16-43
16344263-1	2006	FUT8, mammalian alpha1,6-fucosyltransferase, catalyzes the transfer of a fucose residue from the donor substrate, guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP)-beta-L-fucose, to the reducing terminal GlcNAc of the core structure of asparagine-linked oligosaccharide via an alpha1,6-linkage.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-144	fucosyltransferase 8	Homo sapiens	0-4
16344263-1	2006	FUT8, mammalian alpha1,6-fucosyltransferase, catalyzes the transfer of a fucose residue from the donor substrate, guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP)-beta-L-fucose, to the reducing terminal GlcNAc of the core structure of asparagine-linked oligosaccharide via an alpha1,6-linkage.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-144	fucosyltransferase 8	Homo sapiens	16-43
16525121-4	2006	Varp interacts preferentially with GDP-bound Rab21 and has a much stronger guanine nucleotide exchange activity towards Rab21 than Rab5.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	RAB21, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	45-50
16257999-3	2006	GEF-H1 is an MT-associated Rho-specific guanosine nucleotide (GDP/GTP) exchange factor, which in MT-unbound state stimulates Rho activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-6
16407225-7	2006	Line widths observed for R*-generated GTPgammaS/Mg(2+)-bound (15)N-ChiT, however, indicated that it is more conformationally dynamic relative to the GDP/Mg(2+)- and GDP.AlF(4)(-)/Mg(2+)-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	149-152	chitinase 1	Homo sapiens	67-71
16407225-7	2006	Line widths observed for R*-generated GTPgammaS/Mg(2+)-bound (15)N-ChiT, however, indicated that it is more conformationally dynamic relative to the GDP/Mg(2+)- and GDP.AlF(4)(-)/Mg(2+)-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	chitinase 1	Homo sapiens	67-71
16413502-12	2006	The study suggests that Rab4 regulates the channel through multiple mechanisms that include protein-protein interaction, GTP/GDP exchange, and channel protein trafficking.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	24-28
16511497-4	2006	Here we show that the isolated amino-terminal G domain of hGBP1 retains the main enzymatic properties of the full-length protein and can cleave GDP directly.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	guanylate binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	58-63
16553776-4	2006	Bath application of gp120 produced a sustained enhancement of GDP frequency in a concentration-dependent manner without affecting passive membrane properties, suggesting that the site of action is most likely on neural network, other than on the recorded neurons.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4	Homo sapiens	20-25
16213650-6	2006	However, accurate comparison of the kinetics of nucleotide binding and release revealed that Rap2C bound GTP less efficiently and possessed slower rate of GDP release compared to the highly homologous Rap2B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	155-158	RAP2C, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	93-98
16213650-7	2006	Moreover, in the presence of Mg(2+), the relative affinity of Rap2C for GTP was only about twofold higher than that for GDP, while, under the same conditions, Rap2B was able to bind GTP with about sevenfold higher affinity than GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	RAP2B, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	159-164
16213650-7	2006	Moreover, in the presence of Mg(2+), the relative affinity of Rap2C for GTP was only about twofold higher than that for GDP, while, under the same conditions, Rap2B was able to bind GTP with about sevenfold higher affinity than GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	228-231	RAP2C, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	62-67
16415903-4	2006	The ability of agonists to catalyse the MOR-dependent GDP/[(35)S]GTP(gamma)S exchange was then compared for G(alphai1) and G(alphaoA).	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	40-43
16553776-6	2006	Bath application of stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha (SDF-1alpha), the only CXCR4 ligand, mimicked the effects of gp120 on GDPs, supporting the engagement of CXCR4 receptors in the gp120-induced increase of GDP occurrence.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4	Homo sapiens	116-121
16553776-6	2006	Bath application of stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha (SDF-1alpha), the only CXCR4 ligand, mimicked the effects of gp120 on GDPs, supporting the engagement of CXCR4 receptors in the gp120-induced increase of GDP occurrence.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Homo sapiens	160-165
16354763-4	2006	GEFs activate RhoA by promoting the release of GDP and then facilitating the binding of GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	14-18
16623434-3	2006	It has been shown that the addition of glyoxalase I (GLO-I) and reduced glutathione (GSH) to PDF effectively eliminates GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	glyoxalase I	Homo sapiens	39-51
16623434-3	2006	It has been shown that the addition of glyoxalase I (GLO-I) and reduced glutathione (GSH) to PDF effectively eliminates GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	glyoxalase I	Homo sapiens	53-58
16489751-1	2006	Cdc42Hs(F28L) is a single-point mutant of Cdc42Hs, a member of the Ras superfamily of GTP-binding proteins, that facilitates cellular transformation brought about by an increased rate of cycling between GTP and GDP [Lin, R., et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	211-214	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	0-5
16724736-5	2006	As for the relationships among ecological footprint, economic development and technological progress, great difference existed in different provinces, e. g. , the ecological footprint was about 1 hm2 x cap(-1) in Fujian, Henan, Sichuan, Anhui, Yunnan, Shaanxi and Guizhou, while the GDP per capita changed from 1.35 x 10(4) yuan in Fujian to 0.3 x 10(4) yuan in Guizhou, and the ecological footprint per 1 x 10(4) yuan GDP changed from 0.74 hm2 in Fujian to 3.51 hm2 in Guizhou.	Guanosine Diphosphate	283-286	cyclase associated actin cytoskeleton regulatory protein 1	Homo sapiens	202-208
16637272-8	2006	A working hypothesis is formulated, postulating that GTPase activity eRF3 during the translation termination is associated with the intermolecular interactions of GTP/GDP, GTPase center of the large ribosomal subunit (60S), MC-domain of eRF1, C-terminal region and GTP-binding domains of eRF3, but without participation of the N-terminal region of eRF3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	167-170	eukaryotic translation termination factor 1	Homo sapiens	237-241
16489751-1	2006	Cdc42Hs(F28L) is a single-point mutant of Cdc42Hs, a member of the Ras superfamily of GTP-binding proteins, that facilitates cellular transformation brought about by an increased rate of cycling between GTP and GDP [Lin, R., et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	211-214	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	0-7
16489751-5	2006	Dynamics studies of Cdc42Hs(F28L)-GDP have shown increased flexibility for several residues at the nucleotide-binding site [Adams, P. D., et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	20-27
16489751-7	2006	The solution structure of Cdc42Hs-GDP (wild type) has previously been determined by NMR spectroscopy [Feltham, J. L., et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	26-33
16489751-9	2006	Here, we describe the solution structure of Cdc42Hs(F28L)-GDP, which provides insight into the structural basis for the change in affinity for GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	44-51
16489751-9	2006	Here, we describe the solution structure of Cdc42Hs(F28L)-GDP, which provides insight into the structural basis for the change in affinity for GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	44-51
16407201-5	2006	GDP/GTP exchange catalyzed by receptor requires Gbetagamma in amounts approximately equimolar to Galpha, but GAP inhibition was observed with superstoichiometric Gbetagamma.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	97-103
16489751-11	2006	The overall structure of Cdc42Hs(F28L)-GDP is very similar to that of wild-type Cdc42Hs, consisting of a centrally located six-stranded beta-sheet structure surrounding the C-terminal alpha-helix [Feltham, J. L., et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	25-32
16489751-11	2006	The overall structure of Cdc42Hs(F28L)-GDP is very similar to that of wild-type Cdc42Hs, consisting of a centrally located six-stranded beta-sheet structure surrounding the C-terminal alpha-helix [Feltham, J. L., et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	80-87
16489751-14	2006	Although the structure of Cdc42Hs(F28L)-GDP is very similar to that of the wild type, interactions with the nucleotide and hydrogen bonding within the nucleotide binding site are altered, and the region surrounding L28 is substantially more disordered.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	26-33
16410077-4	2006	We show that the Vps9 domain is sufficient for the interaction of RAP6 with GDP-bound Rab5 and that RAP6 stimulates Rab5 guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	GTPase activating protein and VPS9 domains 1	Homo sapiens	66-70
16376378-3	2006	Here, we provide a complete thermodynamic analysis of GTP-dependent subcomplex formation, revealing strong thermodynamic coupling of Rcl1, U3 small nucleolar RNA and GTP binding to Bms1 that is eliminated in the presence of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	224-227	RNA terminal phosphate cyclase like 1	Homo sapiens	133-137
16376378-3	2006	Here, we provide a complete thermodynamic analysis of GTP-dependent subcomplex formation, revealing strong thermodynamic coupling of Rcl1, U3 small nucleolar RNA and GTP binding to Bms1 that is eliminated in the presence of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	224-227	BMS1 ribosome biogenesis factor	Homo sapiens	181-185
16376378-4	2006	The results suggest that Rcl1 activates Bms1 by promoting GDP/GTP exchange, analogous to ribosome-promoted nucleotide exchange within translation elongation factor EF-G.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	RNA terminal phosphate cyclase like 1	Homo sapiens	25-29
16376378-4	2006	The results suggest that Rcl1 activates Bms1 by promoting GDP/GTP exchange, analogous to ribosome-promoted nucleotide exchange within translation elongation factor EF-G.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	BMS1 ribosome biogenesis factor	Homo sapiens	40-44
16410077-4	2006	We show that the Vps9 domain is sufficient for the interaction of RAP6 with GDP-bound Rab5 and that RAP6 stimulates Rab5 guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	86-90
16257965-2	2006	Enacyloxin IIa inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by hindering the release of EF-Tu.GDP from the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	colicin Ia immunity protein	Escherichia coli	11-14
16475808-7	2006	We further demonstrate that NO/O(2) and O(2)(*)(-) promote Ras GDP exchange with GTP in the presence of a radical-quenching agent, ascorbate, or NO, and generation of Ras-GTP promotes high-affinity binding of the Ras-binding domain of Raf-1, a downstream effector of Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	235-240
16389071-0	2006	Rab4 GTP/GDP modulates amiloride-sensitive sodium channel (ENaC) function in colonic epithelia.	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-4
16389071-7	2006	The GDP-locked Rab4 mutant inhibited, while GTPase-deficient mutant moderately stimulated amiloride-sensitive currents.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	15-19
16389071-11	2006	We propose that Rab4 is a critical element that regulates ENaC function by mechanisms that include GTP-GDP status, recycling, and expression level.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	16-20
16449645-5	2006	Inactive, GDP-locked RanT24N or nuclear microinjection of Ran GTPase activating protein 1 blocked Smad3 export.	Guanosine Diphosphate	10-13	SMAD family member 3	Homo sapiens	98-103
16411892-4	2006	This review will outline the RhoA/Rho-kinase signalling pathway, including the upstream regulators, guanine nucleotide exchange factors, GDP dissociation inhibitors and GTPase-activating proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	137-140	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	29-33
16291746-2	2006	Native and expressed UCP 1 were reconstituted into liposomes, and proton flux through UCP 1 was shown to be fatty acid-dependent and GDP-sensitive.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	21-26
16291746-2	2006	Native and expressed UCP 1 were reconstituted into liposomes, and proton flux through UCP 1 was shown to be fatty acid-dependent and GDP-sensitive.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	86-91
16319192-14	2006	Peritoneal damage by GDP in PDF is dependent at least in part on AGE-RAGE interaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor	Mus musculus	69-73
16338227-2	2006	Recently, several peptides that bind heterotrimeric G-protein alpha subunits have been isolated including the novel Galpha(i1).GDP binding peptides R6A and KB-752.	Guanosine Diphosphate	127-130	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	116-125
16338227-3	2006	The R6A peptide and its minimized derivative R6A-1 interact with Galpha(i1).GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	65-74
16411747-2	2006	Indeed, the atypical shape of the protein structure and the unusual living conditions of the host organism prompted us to analyze the effect of urea and guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl) on the GDP complex of the enzyme (SsEF-1alpha x GDP) by fluorescence and circular dichroism.	Guanosine Diphosphate	192-195	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	219-230
16411747-2	2006	Indeed, the atypical shape of the protein structure and the unusual living conditions of the host organism prompted us to analyze the effect of urea and guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl) on the GDP complex of the enzyme (SsEF-1alpha x GDP) by fluorescence and circular dichroism.	Guanosine Diphosphate	233-236	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	219-230
16411747-5	2006	Moreover, the chemically induced unfolding process of both SsEF-1alpha x GDP and nfSsEF-1alpha is fully reversible.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	59-70
16395334-2	2006	GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) is a general and essential regulator of Rab recycling that extracts prenylated Rab proteins from membranes at the end of their cycle of activity and facilitates their delivery to the donor membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	73-76
16395334-2	2006	GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) is a general and essential regulator of Rab recycling that extracts prenylated Rab proteins from membranes at the end of their cycle of activity and facilitates their delivery to the donor membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	112-115
17019437-2	2006	Several peptide sequences were selected after four rounds of enrichment, giving a high signal in ELISA against RhoA-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	111-115
17019437-5	2006	All measurements indicate that the affinity of the R2 peptide for RhoA is in the micromolar range and that R2 behaves as an inhibitor of: i) GDP binding to the apo form of RhoA (Mg2+-and nucleotide-free form of the GTPase), ii) nucleotide exchange stimulated by GEF (DH/PH tandem from PDZRhoGEF), and iii) GTP hydrolysis stimulated by the BH domain of GrafGAP protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	141-144	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	172-176
16472645-1	2006	Rac proteins (Rac1, 1b, 2, 3) belong to the GTP-binding proteins (or GTPases) of the Ras superfamily and thus act as molecular switches cycling between an active GTP-bound and an inactive GDP-bound form through nucleotide exchange and hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	188-191	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
16472676-4	2006	Smurf1 also interacts directly with either nucleotide-free or GDP-bound RhoA in vitro; however, loading with GTPgammaS inhibits the interaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	SMAD specific E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
16472645-1	2006	Rac proteins (Rac1, 1b, 2, 3) belong to the GTP-binding proteins (or GTPases) of the Ras superfamily and thus act as molecular switches cycling between an active GTP-bound and an inactive GDP-bound form through nucleotide exchange and hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	188-191	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	14-18
16472645-7	2006	On the other hand, our structural and biochemical analysis of Rac1b has shown that, compared with Rac1, Rac1b has an accelerated GEF-independent GDP/GTP-exchange and an impaired GTP-hydrolysis, accounting for a self-activating GTPase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	145-148	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	62-66
16472676-4	2006	Smurf1 also interacts directly with either nucleotide-free or GDP-bound RhoA in vitro; however, loading with GTPgammaS inhibits the interaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	72-76
16472645-7	2006	On the other hand, our structural and biochemical analysis of Rac1b has shown that, compared with Rac1, Rac1b has an accelerated GEF-independent GDP/GTP-exchange and an impaired GTP-hydrolysis, accounting for a self-activating GTPase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	145-148	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	129-132
16472646-9	2006	We have determined that Wrch-1 and Wrch2 exhibit unusual GDP/GTP binding properties and undergo posttranslational lipid modifications distinct from those of the classical Rho GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	ras homolog family member U	Homo sapiens	24-30
16472646-9	2006	We have determined that Wrch-1 and Wrch2 exhibit unusual GDP/GTP binding properties and undergo posttranslational lipid modifications distinct from those of the classical Rho GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	ras homolog family member V	Homo sapiens	35-40
16757319-4	2006	RalGEFs activate Ral by stimulating the dissociation of GDP, allowing the binding of GTP and the initiation of downstream signaling events by Ral effectors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	17-20
16757312-3	2006	While characterizing the biochemical properties of several commonly detected K-Ras mutants, we made the unexpected observation that an activity in crude bacterial cell extracts was capable of stimulating the conversion of the oncogenic K-RasG13D mutant from a GTP-bound, active form to a GDP-bound, inactive form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	288-291	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	77-82
16757319-4	2006	RalGEFs activate Ral by stimulating the dissociation of GDP, allowing the binding of GTP and the initiation of downstream signaling events by Ral effectors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
16775390-5	2006	UCP4 expressing cells also exhibited changes of oxygen-consumption rate, GDP sensitivity, and response of Deltapsim to oligomycin that were consistent with mitochondrial uncoupling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	solute carrier family 25, member 27	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
16757349-6	2006	In this chapter, we summarize the reagents and approaches used to characterize RERG gene expression, to demonstrate that RERG functions as a GTP/GDP molecular switch, and to characterize the growth inhibitory activity of RERG.	Guanosine Diphosphate	145-148	RAS like estrogen regulated growth inhibitor	Homo sapiens	121-125
16757349-6	2006	In this chapter, we summarize the reagents and approaches used to characterize RERG gene expression, to demonstrate that RERG functions as a GTP/GDP molecular switch, and to characterize the growth inhibitory activity of RERG.	Guanosine Diphosphate	145-148	RAS like estrogen regulated growth inhibitor	Homo sapiens	121-125
16354700-3	2006	In this study, we demonstrated the direct and specific interaction of GDP-bound Rab11a with TRPV5 and TRPV6.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	80-86
16354700-3	2006	In this study, we demonstrated the direct and specific interaction of GDP-bound Rab11a with TRPV5 and TRPV6.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 5	Homo sapiens	92-97
16354700-3	2006	In this study, we demonstrated the direct and specific interaction of GDP-bound Rab11a with TRPV5 and TRPV6.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 6	Homo sapiens	102-107
16354700-8	2006	Rab11a exerts this function in a novel fashion, since it operates via direct cargo interaction while in the GDP-bound configuration.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-6
17100651-0	2006	Expression, purification, and preliminary X-ray crystallographic analysis of the complex of G(alphai3)-RGS5 from human with GDP/Mg2+)/AlF4-.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	regulator of G protein signaling 5	Homo sapiens	103-107
16914449-5	2006	Our results show that eRF1 mediates GDP/GTP displacement on eRF3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	eukaryotic translation termination factor 1	Homo sapiens	22-26
17111235-4	2006	DeltaN(1-19)RhoGDIbeta, which can inhibit GDP dissociation, is implicated in the process of apoptosis, whereas the physiological roles for DeltaN(1-55)RhoGDIbeta, which lacks the ability to inhibit GDP dissociation, are largely unknown.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	12-22
17100651-3	2006	In order to elucidate the mechanism of the RGS5 in G protein signaling pathway, we have overexpressed the RGS5 and Galphai(3) from human in Escherichia coli and crystallized the complex of RGS5 and Galphai(3) proteins with GDP/Mg(2+)/AlF(4)(-) at 3.0 A resolution using a synchrotron radiation source.	Guanosine Diphosphate	223-226	regulator of G protein signaling 5	Homo sapiens	43-47
17100651-3	2006	In order to elucidate the mechanism of the RGS5 in G protein signaling pathway, we have overexpressed the RGS5 and Galphai(3) from human in Escherichia coli and crystallized the complex of RGS5 and Galphai(3) proteins with GDP/Mg(2+)/AlF(4)(-) at 3.0 A resolution using a synchrotron radiation source.	Guanosine Diphosphate	223-226	regulator of G protein signaling 5	Homo sapiens	106-110
17100651-3	2006	In order to elucidate the mechanism of the RGS5 in G protein signaling pathway, we have overexpressed the RGS5 and Galphai(3) from human in Escherichia coli and crystallized the complex of RGS5 and Galphai(3) proteins with GDP/Mg(2+)/AlF(4)(-) at 3.0 A resolution using a synchrotron radiation source.	Guanosine Diphosphate	223-226	regulator of G protein signaling 5	Homo sapiens	106-110
16292341-6	2005	In contrast, the release of inorganic phosphate (Pi) from ribosome-bound EF-G.GDP.Pi was strongly inhibited and became rate-limiting for the turnover of EF-G.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	73-77
16292341-6	2005	In contrast, the release of inorganic phosphate (Pi) from ribosome-bound EF-G.GDP.Pi was strongly inhibited and became rate-limiting for the turnover of EF-G.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	153-157
16246087-4	2005	On recognition of (usually) the first AUG triplet via base-pairing with the Met-tRNA(i) anticodon, scanning ceases, triggering GTP hydrolysis and release of eIF2-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	162-165	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	157-161
16337596-1	2005	During tRNA translocation on the ribosome, an arc-like connection (ALC) is formed between the G" domain of elongation factor G (EF-G) and the L7/L12-stalk base of the large ribosomal subunit in the GDP state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	198-201	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	107-126
16337596-1	2005	During tRNA translocation on the ribosome, an arc-like connection (ALC) is formed between the G" domain of elongation factor G (EF-G) and the L7/L12-stalk base of the large ribosomal subunit in the GDP state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	198-201	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	128-132
16337596-3	2005	Two distinct positions for the undecagold, observed in the GTP-state and GDP-state cryo-EM maps of the ribosome bound EF-G, allowed us to determine the movement of the labeled amino acid.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	118-122
16225846-2	2005	Previous in vitro studies suggest that AGS1 can bind to G(alpha)-GDP subunits and promote nucleotide exchange, leading to activation of intracellular signalling pathways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	ras related dexamethasone induced 1	Homo sapiens	39-43
16246094-2	2005	In the case of Arf proteins, which are major regulators of membrane traffic in the cell and have recently been found to be involved in an increasing number of human diseases, GDP/GTP exchange is stimulated by GEFs that carry a catalytic Sec7 domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	175-178	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	237-241
16246094-3	2005	Recent structural results captured snapshots of the exchange reaction, revealing that Sec7 domains secure Arf-GDP to membranes before nucleotide exchange takes place, taking advantage of a built-in structural device in Arf proteins that couples their affinity for membranes to the nature of the bound nucleotide.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	86-90
16306371-0	2005	Rho guanosine diphosphate-dissociation inhibitor plays a negative modulatory role in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-25	insulin	Homo sapiens	104-111
16306371-2	2005	However, very little is known with regard to potential regulation by G-protein regulatory factors (e.g., the guanosine diphosphate-dissociation inhibitor [GDI]) of insulin secretion from the islet beta-cell.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-130	insulin	Homo sapiens	164-171
16325503-6	2005	Surprisingly, the role of Cdc42 in the cortical localization of Spa2 appears to be independent of its well known GTP/GDP exchange factor Cdc24.	Guanosine Diphosphate	117-120	Spa2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	64-68
15954862-5	2005	Titration of the effects showed that GTP and GDP bound to a single class of non-interacting sites in dynamin tetramers with apparent dissociation constants (K(d)) values of 5.4 and 7.4 microM (dynamin-1) and 13.2 and 7.1 microM (dynamin-2) respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	dynamin 1	Homo sapiens	193-202
16082709-2	2005	By accelerating GTPase activity, RGS proteins drive G proteins into their inactive GDP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	33-36
16248653-1	2005	A computational study was performed on the Mg(2+)-free conformations of the small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (GNBPs): Ras, Rho, Rab, Arf, and Ran, which were complexed with GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	182-185	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	151-154
16248653-4	2005	In some GNBP families, the release of Mg(2+) was reported to play an important role in binding the guanine nucleotide-exchanging factor (GEF) promoting the GDP/GTP exchange reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	99-135
16248653-4	2005	In some GNBP families, the release of Mg(2+) was reported to play an important role in binding the guanine nucleotide-exchanging factor (GEF) promoting the GDP/GTP exchange reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	137-140
16325503-0	2005	Cdc42-dependent localization of polarisome component Spa2 to the incipient bud site is independent of the GDP/GTP exchange factor Cdc24.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-5
16325503-0	2005	Cdc42-dependent localization of polarisome component Spa2 to the incipient bud site is independent of the GDP/GTP exchange factor Cdc24.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	Spa2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	53-57
16204640-10	2005	Three of those (an orphan nuclear receptor NUR77, a guanosine 5"-diphosphate/guanosine 5"-triphosphate exchange factor RABEX5, and a PRK1-associated protein AWP1) were particularly potent inhibitors of NF-kappaB activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-76	RAB guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	119-125
16204640-10	2005	Three of those (an orphan nuclear receptor NUR77, a guanosine 5"-diphosphate/guanosine 5"-triphosphate exchange factor RABEX5, and a PRK1-associated protein AWP1) were particularly potent inhibitors of NF-kappaB activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-76	prokineticin 1	Homo sapiens	133-137
16204640-10	2005	Three of those (an orphan nuclear receptor NUR77, a guanosine 5"-diphosphate/guanosine 5"-triphosphate exchange factor RABEX5, and a PRK1-associated protein AWP1) were particularly potent inhibitors of NF-kappaB activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-76	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	202-211
15954862-13	2005	In addition, energy transfer was observed when oligomerization was promoted in mixtures of IAEDANS.dynamin-2 and 4-(4-dimethylaminophenylazo)benzoic acid-coupled dynamin-2, an effect that was counteracted by GTP but not GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	220-223	dynamin 2	Homo sapiens	99-108
15954862-13	2005	In addition, energy transfer was observed when oligomerization was promoted in mixtures of IAEDANS.dynamin-2 and 4-(4-dimethylaminophenylazo)benzoic acid-coupled dynamin-2, an effect that was counteracted by GTP but not GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	220-223	dynamin 2	Homo sapiens	162-171
15954862-5	2005	Titration of the effects showed that GTP and GDP bound to a single class of non-interacting sites in dynamin tetramers with apparent dissociation constants (K(d)) values of 5.4 and 7.4 microM (dynamin-1) and 13.2 and 7.1 microM (dynamin-2) respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	dynamin 2	Homo sapiens	229-238
16294011-2	2005	Like other members of the Rho family, Cdc42 cycles between the GTP-bound, active state, and the inactive, GDP-bound state under tight regulation, and it is believed that the GTP bound form of Cdc42 represents the active signaling module in eliciting effector activation and cellular responses.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	38-43
16294011-2	2005	Like other members of the Rho family, Cdc42 cycles between the GTP-bound, active state, and the inactive, GDP-bound state under tight regulation, and it is believed that the GTP bound form of Cdc42 represents the active signaling module in eliciting effector activation and cellular responses.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	192-197
16148026-6	2005	We report here that IL-2 regulates the expression of a number of proteins, which participate in the Rho GTPase pathways, including some of the GTPases themselves, GDP/GTP exchange factors, GTPase activating proteins, as well as GDIs and effectors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	163-166	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	20-24
16052311-1	2005	The structures of the complexes between Ras*GDP bound to RasGAP in the presence of three probable gamma-phosphate analogs (AlF3, AlF4- and MgF3-) for the transition state (TS) of the hydrolysis of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) by the Ras-RasGAP enzymes have been modeled by quantum mechanical-molecular mechanical (QM/MM) calculations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	RAS p21 protein activator 1	Homo sapiens	57-63
16307610-5	2005	Abrogation of HCN physiological function in CA3, via the selective I(h)-blocker ZD7288, disrupts GDP generation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	cyclic nucleotide gated channel subunit alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	14-17
16228011-4	2005	Drosophila Ric-8 is a cytoplasmic protein that binds both the GDP- and GTP-bound form of the G-protein alpha-subunit Galphai.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	ric8a	Drosophila melanogaster	11-16
16307610-5	2005	Abrogation of HCN physiological function in CA3, via the selective I(h)-blocker ZD7288, disrupts GDP generation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	carbonic anhydrase 3	Rattus norvegicus	44-47
16307610-7	2005	These findings support a pivotal role for HCN channels expressed by CA3 neurons, and particularly CA3 pyramidal cells, in GDP-related network synchronization.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	cyclic nucleotide gated channel subunit alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	42-45
16307610-7	2005	These findings support a pivotal role for HCN channels expressed by CA3 neurons, and particularly CA3 pyramidal cells, in GDP-related network synchronization.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	carbonic anhydrase 3	Rattus norvegicus	68-71
16307610-7	2005	These findings support a pivotal role for HCN channels expressed by CA3 neurons, and particularly CA3 pyramidal cells, in GDP-related network synchronization.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	carbonic anhydrase 3	Rattus norvegicus	98-101
16120651-5	2005	As part of this analysis, we find that CLIP-170 has a stronger affinity for tubulin dimer than for polymer, and that CLIP-170 can distinguish between GTP- and GDP-like polymer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	159-162	CAP-Gly domain containing linker protein 1	Homo sapiens	117-125
16126723-8	2005	Interestingly, our data indicate that TPbeta interacts with the GDP-bound form, and not the GTP-bound form, of Rab11 which is necessary for recycling of the receptor back to the cell surface.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase trifunctional multienzyme complex subunit beta	Homo sapiens	38-44
16190977-1	2005	Small GTP-binding proteins of the Rho/Rac/Cdc42 family combine their GDP/GTP cycle, regulated by guanine nucleotide-exchange factors and GTPase-activating proteins, to a cytosol/membrane cycle, regulated by guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (rhoGDIs).	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	38-41
16190977-1	2005	Small GTP-binding proteins of the Rho/Rac/Cdc42 family combine their GDP/GTP cycle, regulated by guanine nucleotide-exchange factors and GTPase-activating proteins, to a cytosol/membrane cycle, regulated by guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (rhoGDIs).	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	42-47
16126723-8	2005	Interestingly, our data indicate that TPbeta interacts with the GDP-bound form, and not the GTP-bound form, of Rab11 which is necessary for recycling of the receptor back to the cell surface.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	111-116
16214890-6	2005	Knockdown of rab11a or overexpression of the rab11a-GDP locked form prevented canalicular formation as did overexpression of the myosin Vb motorless tail domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	45-51
16225870-1	2005	Signaling via G-protein coupled receptors is initiated by receptor-catalyzed nucleotide exchange on Galpha subunits normally bound to GDP and Gbetagamma.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	100-106
16236155-9	2005	The GDP-restricted mutant of ARL1, AtARL1-T31N, was observed to locate partially to the cytosol, whereas the GTP-restricted mutant AtARL1-Q71L labelled the Golgi and a population of small structures.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	ARG1-like 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	29-33
16143306-1	2005	A Gtr1p GTPase, the GDP mutant of which suppresses both temperature-sensitive mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae RanGEF/Prp20p and RanGAP/Rna1p, was presently found to interact with Yrb2p, the S. cerevisiae homologue of mammalian Ran-binding protein 3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	Rag GTPase GTR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	2-7
16143306-1	2005	A Gtr1p GTPase, the GDP mutant of which suppresses both temperature-sensitive mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae RanGEF/Prp20p and RanGAP/Rna1p, was presently found to interact with Yrb2p, the S. cerevisiae homologue of mammalian Ran-binding protein 3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	Ran guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	121-127
16143306-1	2005	A Gtr1p GTPase, the GDP mutant of which suppresses both temperature-sensitive mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae RanGEF/Prp20p and RanGAP/Rna1p, was presently found to interact with Yrb2p, the S. cerevisiae homologue of mammalian Ran-binding protein 3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	GTPase-activating protein RNA1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	139-144
16143306-1	2005	A Gtr1p GTPase, the GDP mutant of which suppresses both temperature-sensitive mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae RanGEF/Prp20p and RanGAP/Rna1p, was presently found to interact with Yrb2p, the S. cerevisiae homologue of mammalian Ran-binding protein 3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	Yrb2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	183-188
16143306-1	2005	A Gtr1p GTPase, the GDP mutant of which suppresses both temperature-sensitive mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae RanGEF/Prp20p and RanGAP/Rna1p, was presently found to interact with Yrb2p, the S. cerevisiae homologue of mammalian Ran-binding protein 3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	RAN binding protein 3	Homo sapiens	231-252
16214890-6	2005	Knockdown of rab11a or overexpression of the rab11a-GDP locked form prevented canalicular formation as did overexpression of the myosin Vb motorless tail domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	myosin VB	Homo sapiens	129-138
16201754-2	2005	Guanine nucleotide exchange factors of the Dbl family activate Cdc42 and other Rho GTPases by catalyzing the removal of bound GDP, allowing for GTP loading, and subsequent effector recognition ultimately leading to downstream signaling events.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-129	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	43-46
16049005-2	2005	The activity of Rac is stimulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that promote GDP release and GTP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	16-19
16201754-2	2005	Guanine nucleotide exchange factors of the Dbl family activate Cdc42 and other Rho GTPases by catalyzing the removal of bound GDP, allowing for GTP loading, and subsequent effector recognition ultimately leading to downstream signaling events.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-129	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	63-68
16051611-2	2005	The peptide was minimized to a 9-residue sequence (R6A-1) that retains high affinity and specificity for the GDP-bound state of Galpha(i1) and acts as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI).	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	128-137
16190775-2	2005	G proteins are stimulated by cell surface receptors (GPCR) that catalyze the exchange of GDP, bound to Galpha subunit, with GTP and can per se be the target of drugs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	103-109
16112081-6	2005	In vitro, GrinchGEF induced the GDP/GTP exchange at RhoA, but not at Rac1 or Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 10 like	Homo sapiens	10-19
16112081-6	2005	In vitro, GrinchGEF induced the GDP/GTP exchange at RhoA, but not at Rac1 or Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	52-56
16051611-5	2005	Binding of R6A-1 is generally specific to the GDP-bound state of the Galpha subunits and excludes association with Gbetagamma.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	69-75
16182110-4	2005	As causes for RhoA/ROK downregulation in BS/GS, we hypothesized an alteration at the level of the upstream regulators of RhoA such as reduced expression of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (RhoGEF), which links activation of G protein-coupled receptors to RhoA/ROK signaling or increased guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDI), which inhibits dissociation of GDP from GDI maintaining RhoA in an inactive state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	377-380	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	121-125
16084485-6	2005	The GDP effect is absent in skeletal muscle mitochondria from UCP3 knockout mice, showing that it is mediated by UCP3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	uncoupling protein 3 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	62-66
16084485-6	2005	The GDP effect is absent in skeletal muscle mitochondria from UCP3 knockout mice, showing that it is mediated by UCP3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	uncoupling protein 3 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	113-117
15983037-10	2005	Because AlF4- complexes with GDP to stabilize an activated state of the Galpha subunit, these results suggest that the Galpha carboxyl terminus is highly mobile in its GDP-bound state but adopts an ordered conformation upon activation by AlF4-.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	119-125
15983037-10	2005	Because AlF4- complexes with GDP to stabilize an activated state of the Galpha subunit, these results suggest that the Galpha carboxyl terminus is highly mobile in its GDP-bound state but adopts an ordered conformation upon activation by AlF4-.	Guanosine Diphosphate	168-171	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	119-125
16166638-4	2005	We also show that Msb3 and Msb4 bind specifically to Cdc42-GDP and Rho1-GDP in vitro and that Msb3 and Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor act independently but oppositely on Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	Rab GTPase-activating protein MSB3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	18-22
16166638-4	2005	We also show that Msb3 and Msb4 bind specifically to Cdc42-GDP and Rho1-GDP in vitro and that Msb3 and Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor act independently but oppositely on Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	Rab GTPase-activating protein MSB4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	27-31
16166638-4	2005	We also show that Msb3 and Msb4 bind specifically to Cdc42-GDP and Rho1-GDP in vitro and that Msb3 and Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor act independently but oppositely on Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	53-58
16166638-4	2005	We also show that Msb3 and Msb4 bind specifically to Cdc42-GDP and Rho1-GDP in vitro and that Msb3 and Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor act independently but oppositely on Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	170-175
16166638-4	2005	We also show that Msb3 and Msb4 bind specifically to Cdc42-GDP and Rho1-GDP in vitro and that Msb3 and Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor act independently but oppositely on Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	Rab GTPase-activating protein MSB3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	18-22
16166638-4	2005	We also show that Msb3 and Msb4 bind specifically to Cdc42-GDP and Rho1-GDP in vitro and that Msb3 and Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor act independently but oppositely on Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	Rab GTPase-activating protein MSB4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	27-31
16166638-4	2005	We also show that Msb3 and Msb4 bind specifically to Cdc42-GDP and Rho1-GDP in vitro and that Msb3 and Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor act independently but oppositely on Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	67-71
16166638-4	2005	We also show that Msb3 and Msb4 bind specifically to Cdc42-GDP and Rho1-GDP in vitro and that Msb3 and Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor act independently but oppositely on Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	170-175
16157703-2	2005	eIF2B is the heteropentameric guanine nucleotide exchange factor that converts eIF2, from an inactive guanosine diphosphate-bound complex to eIF2-guanosine triphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-123	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	0-5
16157703-2	2005	eIF2B is the heteropentameric guanine nucleotide exchange factor that converts eIF2, from an inactive guanosine diphosphate-bound complex to eIF2-guanosine triphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-123	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	0-4
16157703-2	2005	eIF2B is the heteropentameric guanine nucleotide exchange factor that converts eIF2, from an inactive guanosine diphosphate-bound complex to eIF2-guanosine triphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-123	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	79-83
15994326-2	2005	We have solved the crystal structure of M-Ras in the GDP-bound and guanosine 5"-(beta,gamma-imido)triphosphate (Gpp(NH)p)-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	muscle RAS oncogene homolog	Homo sapiens	40-45
16182110-4	2005	As causes for RhoA/ROK downregulation in BS/GS, we hypothesized an alteration at the level of the upstream regulators of RhoA such as reduced expression of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (RhoGEF), which links activation of G protein-coupled receptors to RhoA/ROK signaling or increased guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDI), which inhibits dissociation of GDP from GDI maintaining RhoA in an inactive state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	377-380	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 28	Homo sapiens	156-194
16182110-4	2005	As causes for RhoA/ROK downregulation in BS/GS, we hypothesized an alteration at the level of the upstream regulators of RhoA such as reduced expression of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (RhoGEF), which links activation of G protein-coupled receptors to RhoA/ROK signaling or increased guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDI), which inhibits dissociation of GDP from GDI maintaining RhoA in an inactive state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	377-380	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 28	Homo sapiens	196-202
16182110-4	2005	As causes for RhoA/ROK downregulation in BS/GS, we hypothesized an alteration at the level of the upstream regulators of RhoA such as reduced expression of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (RhoGEF), which links activation of G protein-coupled receptors to RhoA/ROK signaling or increased guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDI), which inhibits dissociation of GDP from GDI maintaining RhoA in an inactive state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	377-380	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	121-125
16182110-4	2005	As causes for RhoA/ROK downregulation in BS/GS, we hypothesized an alteration at the level of the upstream regulators of RhoA such as reduced expression of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (RhoGEF), which links activation of G protein-coupled receptors to RhoA/ROK signaling or increased guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDI), which inhibits dissociation of GDP from GDI maintaining RhoA in an inactive state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	377-380	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	121-125
15972823-6	2005	CSP(1-112) preferentially associated with the inactive GDP-bound conformation of G alpha(s).	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C5	Homo sapiens	0-3
16000153-6	2005	We found that ethanol potently increases GDP frequency in the CA3 hippocampal region of slices from neonatal rats.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	carbonic anhydrase 3	Rattus norvegicus	62-65
16000153-7	2005	It also increased the frequency of GDP-driven Ca2+ transients in pyramidal neurons and increased the frequency of GABA(A) receptor-mediated spontaneous postsynaptic currents in CA3 pyramidal cells and interneurons.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	carbonic anhydrase 2	Rattus norvegicus	46-49
15972801-6	2005	A fraction of the VP22-Rab9 that was transduced into the cells was shown to bind to rab GDP dissociation inhibitor, suggesting that this pool of VP22-Rab9 had become prenylated.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	RAB9A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	23-27
15972801-6	2005	A fraction of the VP22-Rab9 that was transduced into the cells was shown to bind to rab GDP dissociation inhibitor, suggesting that this pool of VP22-Rab9 had become prenylated.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	RAB9A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	150-154
16086013-1	2005	Rab-family GTPases are conserved regulators of membrane trafficking that cycle between inactive GDP-bound and activated GTP-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	RAB41, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-3
15933218-1	2005	beta2-adrenoceptor-mediated activation of Gs and adenylyl cyclase or other receptor-mediated G protein activations is believed to occur by receptor-catalyzed replacement of GDP with GTP on the alpha-subunit of the G protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	173-176	adrenoceptor beta 2	Homo sapiens	0-18
16101281-3	2005	This interaction is thought to affect the localization of PAK, as well as increased GTP/GDP exchange of Rac and Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	104-107
15933218-2	2005	Here we showed that a beta2-adrenoceptor-Gs system, heterologously expressed in cyc- or human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 cells, can be activated in the presence of GDP or its phosphorylation-resistant analog, guanosine 5"-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) (GDPbetaS).	Guanosine Diphosphate	164-167	adrenoceptor beta 2	Homo sapiens	22-40
15933218-8	2005	We discuss the results in the context of the current paradigm of receptor-mediated G protein activation and propose an additional mode of activation for beta2-adrenoceptor-G(s) adenylyl cyclase system where nucleotide exchange is not necessary and GDP and GTP play identical roles in receptor-induced Gs protein activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	248-251	adrenoceptor beta 2	Homo sapiens	153-171
16101281-3	2005	This interaction is thought to affect the localization of PAK, as well as increased GTP/GDP exchange of Rac and Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	112-117
16042561-0	2005	On the action of Brefeldin A on Sec7-stimulated membrane-recruitment and GDP/GTP exchange of Arf proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	32-36
15980073-6	2005	Conversely, expression of the constitutively inactive GDP-bound RalA (G26A) or silencing of the RalA gene by RNA interference led to a strong impairment of the exocytotic response.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Rattus norvegicus	64-68
16103083-2	2005	We have recently shown that reduced expression of the GDP dissociation inhibitor, RhoGDI2, is associated with decreased survival of patients with advanced bladder cancer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	82-89
15950967-1	2005	Vav proteins are phosphorylation-dependent GDP/GTP exchange factors for Rho/Rac GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
16083884-5	2005	Comparison of this structure with that of EF-G in complex with GDP suggests that the GTP and GDP conformations in solution are very similar and that the major contribution to the active GTPase conformation, which is quite different, therefore comes from its interaction with the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	42-46
16083884-5	2005	Comparison of this structure with that of EF-G in complex with GDP suggests that the GTP and GDP conformations in solution are very similar and that the major contribution to the active GTPase conformation, which is quite different, therefore comes from its interaction with the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	42-46
15972823-10	2005	Together, these results demonstrate that CSP modulates G protein function by preferentially targeting the inactive GDP-bound form of G alpha(s) and promoting GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C5	Homo sapiens	41-44
15972823-10	2005	Together, these results demonstrate that CSP modulates G protein function by preferentially targeting the inactive GDP-bound form of G alpha(s) and promoting GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	158-161	DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C5	Homo sapiens	41-44
15906320-4	2005	At the first stage, a unified motion of Arg789 of GAP, Gln61, Thr35 of Ras, and the lytic water molecule results in a substantial spatial separation of the gamma-phosphate group of GTP from the rest of the molecule (GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	216-219	RAS p21 protein activator 1	Homo sapiens	50-53
15906320-4	2005	At the first stage, a unified motion of Arg789 of GAP, Gln61, Thr35 of Ras, and the lytic water molecule results in a substantial spatial separation of the gamma-phosphate group of GTP from the rest of the molecule (GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	216-219	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	71-74
16042561-4	2005	They showed that Sec7 domains secure Arf-GDP to membranes before they proceed to nucleotide dissociation, and thus are active participants to the coupling of membrane-recruitment to nucleotide exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	17-21
16042565-1	2005	The three Rnd proteins, Rnd1, Rnd2 and RhoE/Rnd3, are a subset of Rho family proteins that are unusual in that they bind but do not hydrolyse GTP, and are therefore not regulated by the classical GTP/GDP conformational switch of small GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	200-203	Rho family GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	24-28
16042565-1	2005	The three Rnd proteins, Rnd1, Rnd2 and RhoE/Rnd3, are a subset of Rho family proteins that are unusual in that they bind but do not hydrolyse GTP, and are therefore not regulated by the classical GTP/GDP conformational switch of small GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	200-203	Rho family GTPase 3	Homo sapiens	44-48
16043511-4	2005	We provide evidence that KRas translocation occurs through sequestration of the polybasic-prenyl motif by Ca2+/calmodulin (Ca2+/CaM) and subsequent release of KRas from the PM, in a process reminiscent of GDP dissociation inhibitor-mediated membrane recycling of Rab and Rho GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	205-208	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	25-29
16026166-0	2005	Direct observation of the complex formation of GDP-bound transducin with the rhodopsin intermediate having a visible absorption maximum in rod outer segment membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	77-86
15937128-7	2005	Ribosomal RNA and tRNA synthesis were reduced in the gtr1Delta strain expressing the GDP form of Gtr1p, but not the GTP form of Gtr1p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	Rag GTPase GTR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	97-102
16026166-2	2005	This exchange reaction proceeds through at least three steps, which include the binding of photoactivated rhodopsin to GDP-bound Gt, the dissociation of GDP from the rhodopsin-Gt complex, and the binding of GTP to the nucleotide-unbound Gt.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	106-115
16026166-2	2005	This exchange reaction proceeds through at least three steps, which include the binding of photoactivated rhodopsin to GDP-bound Gt, the dissociation of GDP from the rhodopsin-Gt complex, and the binding of GTP to the nucleotide-unbound Gt.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	166-175
16026166-2	2005	This exchange reaction proceeds through at least three steps, which include the binding of photoactivated rhodopsin to GDP-bound Gt, the dissociation of GDP from the rhodopsin-Gt complex, and the binding of GTP to the nucleotide-unbound Gt.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	106-115
16026166-2	2005	This exchange reaction proceeds through at least three steps, which include the binding of photoactivated rhodopsin to GDP-bound Gt, the dissociation of GDP from the rhodopsin-Gt complex, and the binding of GTP to the nucleotide-unbound Gt.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	166-175
16026166-3	2005	These steps have been thought to occur after the formation of the rhodopsin intermediate, meta-II; however, the extra formation of meta-II, which reflects the formation of a complex with Gt, was inhibited in the presence of excess GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	231-234	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	66-75
16004878-7	2005	Structural determination of the Galpha(i1)/peptide complex reveals unique changes in the Galpha switch regions predicted to enhance nucleotide exchange by creating a GDP dissociation route.	Guanosine Diphosphate	166-169	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	32-41
15917656-7	2005	However, preincubation of RGS14 with Galpha(i1)-GDP precludes either from promoting microtubule polymerization, suggesting that a functional GTP/GDP cycle is necessary.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	regulator of G protein signaling 14	Homo sapiens	26-31
15917656-7	2005	However, preincubation of RGS14 with Galpha(i1)-GDP precludes either from promoting microtubule polymerization, suggesting that a functional GTP/GDP cycle is necessary.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	37-46
15917656-7	2005	However, preincubation of RGS14 with Galpha(i1)-GDP precludes either from promoting microtubule polymerization, suggesting that a functional GTP/GDP cycle is necessary.	Guanosine Diphosphate	145-148	regulator of G protein signaling 14	Homo sapiens	26-31
15917656-7	2005	However, preincubation of RGS14 with Galpha(i1)-GDP precludes either from promoting microtubule polymerization, suggesting that a functional GTP/GDP cycle is necessary.	Guanosine Diphosphate	145-148	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	37-46
16029200-3	2005	GDP-like events occurred over the entire hippocampus with a delay of 30-60 ms between two adjacent regions as demonstrated by pair recordings from CA3-CA3, CA3-CA1 and interneurone-CA3 pyramidal cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	carbonic anhydrase 3	Rattus norvegicus	147-154
16029200-3	2005	GDP-like events occurred over the entire hippocampus with a delay of 30-60 ms between two adjacent regions as demonstrated by pair recordings from CA3-CA3, CA3-CA1 and interneurone-CA3 pyramidal cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	carbonic anhydrase 3	Rattus norvegicus	147-150
16029200-3	2005	GDP-like events occurred over the entire hippocampus with a delay of 30-60 ms between two adjacent regions as demonstrated by pair recordings from CA3-CA3, CA3-CA1 and interneurone-CA3 pyramidal cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	carbonic anhydrase 1	Rattus norvegicus	160-163
16029200-3	2005	GDP-like events occurred over the entire hippocampus with a delay of 30-60 ms between two adjacent regions as demonstrated by pair recordings from CA3-CA3, CA3-CA1 and interneurone-CA3 pyramidal cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	carbonic anhydrase 3	Rattus norvegicus	151-154
15896705-7	2005	The structural features of the nucleotide binding motifs and the switch regions prove that ARL5 will undergo the typical GDP/GTP structural cycle as other members of ARLs, which is the basis of their biological functions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 5A	Homo sapiens	91-95
16002790-7	2005	NUDT5 and MTH1 hydrolyze 8-oxoGDP to 8-oxoGMP with V(max)/K(m) values of 1.3 x 10(-3) and 1.7 x 10(-3), respectively, values which are considerably higher than those for its normal counterpart, GDP (0.1-0.5 x 10(-3)).	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	nudix hydrolase 5	Homo sapiens	0-5
16002790-7	2005	NUDT5 and MTH1 hydrolyze 8-oxoGDP to 8-oxoGMP with V(max)/K(m) values of 1.3 x 10(-3) and 1.7 x 10(-3), respectively, values which are considerably higher than those for its normal counterpart, GDP (0.1-0.5 x 10(-3)).	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	nudix hydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	10-14
15814533-13	2005	The GDP-induced VEGF and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta synthesis in HPMC was partially reduced by either the p42/p44 MAPK inhibitor (PD98059) or the PKC inhibitor (staurosporine).	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	16-20
15814533-13	2005	The GDP-induced VEGF and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta synthesis in HPMC was partially reduced by either the p42/p44 MAPK inhibitor (PD98059) or the PKC inhibitor (staurosporine).	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	53-56
15814533-13	2005	The GDP-induced VEGF and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta synthesis in HPMC was partially reduced by either the p42/p44 MAPK inhibitor (PD98059) or the PKC inhibitor (staurosporine).	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	cyclin dependent kinase 20	Homo sapiens	117-120
15814533-13	2005	The GDP-induced VEGF and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta synthesis in HPMC was partially reduced by either the p42/p44 MAPK inhibitor (PD98059) or the PKC inhibitor (staurosporine).	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	121-129
16004878-7	2005	Structural determination of the Galpha(i1)/peptide complex reveals unique changes in the Galpha switch regions predicted to enhance nucleotide exchange by creating a GDP dissociation route.	Guanosine Diphosphate	166-169	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	32-38
15824104-2	2005	We have shown previously that a Cdc42 mutant (Cdc42(F28L)), capable of spontaneously exchanging GDP for GTP (referred to as "fast-cycling"), transformed NIH 3T3 cells because of its ability to interfere with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-Cbl interactions and EGFR down-regulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	32-37
15824104-2	2005	We have shown previously that a Cdc42 mutant (Cdc42(F28L)), capable of spontaneously exchanging GDP for GTP (referred to as "fast-cycling"), transformed NIH 3T3 cells because of its ability to interfere with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-Cbl interactions and EGFR down-regulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	46-51
15937104-6	2005	AGS3 competes with betagamma for binding to Galpha(i3)-GDP and enhances the action of unbound betagamma.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
15937104-6	2005	AGS3 competes with betagamma for binding to Galpha(i3)-GDP and enhances the action of unbound betagamma.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	brain protein I3	Homo sapiens	44-53
15850775-2	2005	Here we report that TrioN, a Dbl family GEF, activates Rac1 by facilitating GTP binding to, as well as stimulating GDP dissociation from, Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	40-43
15850775-2	2005	Here we report that TrioN, a Dbl family GEF, activates Rac1 by facilitating GTP binding to, as well as stimulating GDP dissociation from, Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	55-59
15850775-2	2005	Here we report that TrioN, a Dbl family GEF, activates Rac1 by facilitating GTP binding to, as well as stimulating GDP dissociation from, Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	138-142
15850775-3	2005	The TrioN-catalyzed GDP dissociation is dependent upon the structural nature and the concentration of free nucleotide, and nucleotide binding serves as the rate-limiting step of the GEF reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	182-185
15850775-4	2005	The TrioN-stimulated nucleotide exchange may undergo a novel two nucleotide-one G-protein intermediate involving two cryptic subsites on Rac1 induced by the GEF, with one subsite contributing to the recognition of the beta/gamma phosphates of the incoming GTP and another to the binding of the guanine base of the leaving GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	322-325	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	137-141
15850775-4	2005	The TrioN-stimulated nucleotide exchange may undergo a novel two nucleotide-one G-protein intermediate involving two cryptic subsites on Rac1 induced by the GEF, with one subsite contributing to the recognition of the beta/gamma phosphates of the incoming GTP and another to the binding of the guanine base of the leaving GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	322-325	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	157-160
15850775-5	2005	We propose that the Rac GEF reaction may proceed by competitive displacement of bound GDP by GTP through a transient intermediate of GEF-[GTP-Rac-GDP].	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	20-23
15850775-5	2005	We propose that the Rac GEF reaction may proceed by competitive displacement of bound GDP by GTP through a transient intermediate of GEF-[GTP-Rac-GDP].	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	24-27
15850775-5	2005	We propose that the Rac GEF reaction may proceed by competitive displacement of bound GDP by GTP through a transient intermediate of GEF-[GTP-Rac-GDP].	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	133-136
15850775-5	2005	We propose that the Rac GEF reaction may proceed by competitive displacement of bound GDP by GTP through a transient intermediate of GEF-[GTP-Rac-GDP].	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	142-145
15850775-5	2005	We propose that the Rac GEF reaction may proceed by competitive displacement of bound GDP by GTP through a transient intermediate of GEF-[GTP-Rac-GDP].	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	20-23
15850775-5	2005	We propose that the Rac GEF reaction may proceed by competitive displacement of bound GDP by GTP through a transient intermediate of GEF-[GTP-Rac-GDP].	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	24-27
15850775-5	2005	We propose that the Rac GEF reaction may proceed by competitive displacement of bound GDP by GTP through a transient intermediate of GEF-[GTP-Rac-GDP].	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	133-136
15850775-5	2005	We propose that the Rac GEF reaction may proceed by competitive displacement of bound GDP by GTP through a transient intermediate of GEF-[GTP-Rac-GDP].	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	142-145
15947197-4	2005	Another class of suppressors encoded cell wall stress sensors, Wsc1, Wsc2, and Mid2, and the GDP/GTP exchange factor Rom2 that interacts with these cell wall sensors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor ROM2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	117-121
15952105-5	2005	RESULTS: Five novel ataxin-3 interacting proteins were obtained, among which were three known proteins, namely human rhodopsin guanosine diphosphate dissociation inhibitor alpha, small ubiquitin-like modifier 1, and human neuronal amiloride-sensitive cation channel 2; the other two were unknown.	Guanosine Diphosphate	127-148	ataxin 3	Homo sapiens	20-28
15917201-7	2005	RASA1 reverts active GTP-bound Ras into inactive GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	RAS p21 protein activator 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
15937221-6	2005	Furthermore, the RGS domain of Loco can also accelerate the GTPase activity of Galphai to regulate the equilibrium between the GDP- and the GTP-bound forms of Galphai.	Guanosine Diphosphate	127-130	locomotion defects	Drosophila melanogaster	31-35
15895077-3	2005	Consistent with the known catalytic function of Vps9 domains in Rab5 GDP/GTP exchange, we found that RME-6 binds specifically to Caenorhabditis elegans RAB-5 in the GDP-bound conformation, and rme-6 mutants have phenotypes that indicate low RAB-5 activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	RAB family	Caenorhabditis elegans	64-68
15895077-3	2005	Consistent with the known catalytic function of Vps9 domains in Rab5 GDP/GTP exchange, we found that RME-6 binds specifically to Caenorhabditis elegans RAB-5 in the GDP-bound conformation, and rme-6 mutants have phenotypes that indicate low RAB-5 activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	Receptor-mediated endocytosis protein 6	Caenorhabditis elegans	101-106
15895077-3	2005	Consistent with the known catalytic function of Vps9 domains in Rab5 GDP/GTP exchange, we found that RME-6 binds specifically to Caenorhabditis elegans RAB-5 in the GDP-bound conformation, and rme-6 mutants have phenotypes that indicate low RAB-5 activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	Receptor-mediated endocytosis protein 6	Caenorhabditis elegans	101-106
15895077-3	2005	Consistent with the known catalytic function of Vps9 domains in Rab5 GDP/GTP exchange, we found that RME-6 binds specifically to Caenorhabditis elegans RAB-5 in the GDP-bound conformation, and rme-6 mutants have phenotypes that indicate low RAB-5 activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	RAB family	Caenorhabditis elegans	152-157
15907487-2	2005	Towards further insight, we have determined the three-dimensional crystal structure of human Rab4a in its GppNHp-bound state to 1.6 Angstroms resolution and in its GDP-bound state to 1.8 Angstroms resolution, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	164-167	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	93-98
15907487-6	2005	In comparison to Rab5, Rab4a has a different GDP-bound conformation within switch 1 region and displays shifts in position and orientation of the hydrophobic triad.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	23-28
15854662-8	2005	Based on phylogenetic analysis of REP and GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) sequences from a broad range of eukaryotic lineages, we propose a new view on evolution of the REP/GDI superfamily with a bi-functional REP/GDI protein as a direct ancestor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	Rab escort protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	170-173
15854662-4	2005	Recombinant AthREP interacted with yeast 6His-Ypt1, tobacco 6His-RabA1a, and Arabidopsis RabA2a in vitro preferring the GDP-bound form of the latter.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	Rab escort protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	12-18
15772076-10	2005	Mutants of Rheb that cannot bind GTP or GDP can interact with mTOR complexes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding	Homo sapiens	11-15
15854662-8	2005	Based on phylogenetic analysis of REP and GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) sequences from a broad range of eukaryotic lineages, we propose a new view on evolution of the REP/GDI superfamily with a bi-functional REP/GDI protein as a direct ancestor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	Rab escort protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	170-173
15813748-8	2005	Using three different approaches [expression of an inactive (E794K) GBF1 mutant, expression of the ARF1 (T31N) mutant with decreased affinity for GTP and Brefeldin A treatment], we show that GBF1 is stabilized on membranes when in a complex with ARF-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	250-253	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	99-103
15839893-3	2005	We demonstrated recycling of TfR through Rab5- and Rab11-positive compartments by transfection of dominant negative guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-on mutants of the GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-137	transferrin receptor	Bos taurus	29-32
15839893-3	2005	We demonstrated recycling of TfR through Rab5- and Rab11-positive compartments by transfection of dominant negative guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-on mutants of the GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-142	transferrin receptor	Bos taurus	29-32
15758030-3	2005	Similarly, we found that Golgi tubulation induced by brefeldin A, a known microtubule-dependent process, was inhibited by GDP-restricted rab6a, rab6a", and rab33b, the most commonly studied cisternal rab proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	RAB6A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	137-142
15758030-3	2005	Similarly, we found that Golgi tubulation induced by brefeldin A, a known microtubule-dependent process, was inhibited by GDP-restricted rab6a, rab6a", and rab33b, the most commonly studied cisternal rab proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	RAB6A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	144-149
15758030-3	2005	Similarly, we found that Golgi tubulation induced by brefeldin A, a known microtubule-dependent process, was inhibited by GDP-restricted rab6a, rab6a", and rab33b, the most commonly studied cisternal rab proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	RAB33B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	156-162
15805489-10	2005	When a GDP-fixed Sar1 mutant is expressed, ER export is blocked and the visualization of COPII binding is perturbed.	Guanosine Diphosphate	7-10	GTP-binding protein SAR1A-like	Nicotiana tabacum	17-21
15728574-2	2005	We report here the three-dimensional structures of human Rheb in complexes with GDP, GTP, and GppNHp (5"-(beta,gamma-imide)triphosphate), which reveal novel structural features of Rheb and provide a molecular basis for its distinct properties.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding	Homo sapiens	57-61
15728574-2	2005	We report here the three-dimensional structures of human Rheb in complexes with GDP, GTP, and GppNHp (5"-(beta,gamma-imide)triphosphate), which reveal novel structural features of Rheb and provide a molecular basis for its distinct properties.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding	Homo sapiens	180-184
15728574-3	2005	During GTP/GDP cycling, switch I of Rheb undergoes conformational change while switch II maintains a stable, unusually extended conformation, which is substantially different from the alpha-helical conformation seen in other small GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	11-14	Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding	Homo sapiens	36-40
15695816-4	2005	Evidence for functional UCP 1 in thymus mitochondria was obtained by a comparative analysis with the kinetics of GDP binding in mitochondria from brown adipose tissue.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	24-29
15729676-9	2005	However, it was found that the positioning of the fluorescent group had an influence on the functionality of the Rab7 proteins; analysis of the interaction of the semisynthetic Rab7 proteins with REP (Rab escort protein) and GDI (guanosine diphosphate dissociation inhibitor) molecules revealed that modification of the peptide side chains or of the C-terminal isoprenoid did not significantly interfere with complex formation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	230-251	RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	177-181
15813748-8	2005	Using three different approaches [expression of an inactive (E794K) GBF1 mutant, expression of the ARF1 (T31N) mutant with decreased affinity for GTP and Brefeldin A treatment], we show that GBF1 is stabilized on membranes when in a complex with ARF-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	250-253	golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	191-195
15813748-9	2005	GBF1 dissociation from ARF and membranes is triggered by its catalytic activity, i.e. the displacement of GDP and the subsequent binding of GTP to ARF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
15689495-6	2005	Moreover, tethering and fusion assays with ypt1Delta/SLY1-20 membranes remained sensitive to Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	syntaxin-binding protein	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	53-60
15665133-1	2005	Activation of phospholipase Cbeta (PLCbeta) by G-proteins results in increased intracellular Ca(2+) and activation of protein kinase C. We have previously found that activated PLCbeta-Gbetagamma complex can be rapidly deactivated by Galpha(GDP) subunits without dissociation, which led to the suggestion that Galpha(GDP) binds to PLCbeta-Gbeta gamma and perturbs the activating interaction without significantly affecting the PLCbeta-Gbeta gamma binding energy.	Guanosine Diphosphate	240-243	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	233-239
15665133-1	2005	Activation of phospholipase Cbeta (PLCbeta) by G-proteins results in increased intracellular Ca(2+) and activation of protein kinase C. We have previously found that activated PLCbeta-Gbetagamma complex can be rapidly deactivated by Galpha(GDP) subunits without dissociation, which led to the suggestion that Galpha(GDP) binds to PLCbeta-Gbeta gamma and perturbs the activating interaction without significantly affecting the PLCbeta-Gbeta gamma binding energy.	Guanosine Diphosphate	240-243	succinate-CoA ligase GDP-forming subunit beta	Homo sapiens	184-189
15665133-1	2005	Activation of phospholipase Cbeta (PLCbeta) by G-proteins results in increased intracellular Ca(2+) and activation of protein kinase C. We have previously found that activated PLCbeta-Gbetagamma complex can be rapidly deactivated by Galpha(GDP) subunits without dissociation, which led to the suggestion that Galpha(GDP) binds to PLCbeta-Gbeta gamma and perturbs the activating interaction without significantly affecting the PLCbeta-Gbeta gamma binding energy.	Guanosine Diphosphate	240-243	succinate-CoA ligase GDP-forming subunit beta	Homo sapiens	338-343
15665133-7	2005	In the presence of Galpha(s)(GDP), the volume change associated with PLCbeta-Gbeta gamma interaction is reduced to 25 +/- 1 ml/mol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	19-25
15665133-7	2005	In the presence of Galpha(s)(GDP), the volume change associated with PLCbeta-Gbeta gamma interaction is reduced to 25 +/- 1 ml/mol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	succinate-CoA ligase GDP-forming subunit beta	Homo sapiens	77-82
15775967-1	2005	Activation of Rho/Rac GTPases during cell signaling requires the participation of GDP/GTP exchange factors of the Dbl family.	Guanosine Diphosphate	82-85	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	114-117
15807788-2	2005	In vertebrates, these functions are controlled by a three-dimensional gradient of Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP, established by the spatial separation of Ran GTPase-activating protein (RanGAP) and the Ran guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	82-85
15807788-2	2005	In vertebrates, these functions are controlled by a three-dimensional gradient of Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP, established by the spatial separation of Ran GTPase-activating protein (RanGAP) and the Ran guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	93-96
15837192-3	2005	Here we report the high-resolution crystal structure of a small GTP binding protein, Rab11, solved in complex with GDP and Pi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	85-90
15807788-2	2005	In vertebrates, these functions are controlled by a three-dimensional gradient of Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP, established by the spatial separation of Ran GTPase-activating protein (RanGAP) and the Ran guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	93-96
15807788-2	2005	In vertebrates, these functions are controlled by a three-dimensional gradient of Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP, established by the spatial separation of Ran GTPase-activating protein (RanGAP) and the Ran guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	Ran GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	174-180
15807788-2	2005	In vertebrates, these functions are controlled by a three-dimensional gradient of Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP, established by the spatial separation of Ran GTPase-activating protein (RanGAP) and the Ran guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	93-96
15807788-2	2005	In vertebrates, these functions are controlled by a three-dimensional gradient of Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP, established by the spatial separation of Ran GTPase-activating protein (RanGAP) and the Ran guanine nucleotide exchange factor RCC1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	229-233
15796781-2	2005	Rab1 is thought to act as a molecular switch and can change between an active GTP-bound and an inactive GDP-bound conformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-4
15817389-1	2005	Dbl homology (DH) domains are almost always followed immediately by pleckstrin homology (PH) domains in Dbl family proteins, and these DH-PH fragments directly activate GDP-bound Rho GTPases by catalyzing the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	169-172	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	0-3
15817389-1	2005	Dbl homology (DH) domains are almost always followed immediately by pleckstrin homology (PH) domains in Dbl family proteins, and these DH-PH fragments directly activate GDP-bound Rho GTPases by catalyzing the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	169-172	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	104-107
15817389-1	2005	Dbl homology (DH) domains are almost always followed immediately by pleckstrin homology (PH) domains in Dbl family proteins, and these DH-PH fragments directly activate GDP-bound Rho GTPases by catalyzing the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	221-224	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	0-3
15817389-1	2005	Dbl homology (DH) domains are almost always followed immediately by pleckstrin homology (PH) domains in Dbl family proteins, and these DH-PH fragments directly activate GDP-bound Rho GTPases by catalyzing the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	221-224	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	104-107
15736926-4	2005	By using affinity precipitation and surface plasmon resonance analysis, we show that Zn(7)MT-3 binds reversibly to Rab3A.GDP (K(D) = 2.6 microM), but not to Rab3A.GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	115-120
15736926-5	2005	The binding of Zn(7)MT-3 to Rab3A.GDP is specific as no binding was observed with the metal-free form of MT-3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	28-33
15618020-0	2005	Palmitoylation regulates GDP/GTP exchange of G protein by affecting the GTP-binding activity of Goalpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	25-28	tripartite motif containing 47	Homo sapiens	96-103
15710763-5	2005	Morphometric analyses 14 days after injury revealed significantly diminished neointimal formation in the Ad-Rad-treated carotid arteries compared with Ad-GFP or PBS controls, whereas the mutated form of Rad GTPase, which can bind GDP but not GTP, increased neointimal formation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	230-233	RRAD, Ras related glycolysis inhibitor and calcium channel regulator	Rattus norvegicus	203-206
15618020-6	2005	These results imply that palmitoylation may regulate the GTP/GDP exchange of Goalpha by influencing the GTP-binding activity of Goalpha and facilitating the on-off switch function of the G protein in G protein-coupled signal transduction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	tripartite motif containing 47	Homo sapiens	77-84
15618020-6	2005	These results imply that palmitoylation may regulate the GTP/GDP exchange of Goalpha by influencing the GTP-binding activity of Goalpha and facilitating the on-off switch function of the G protein in G protein-coupled signal transduction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	tripartite motif containing 47	Homo sapiens	128-135
15748159-2	2005	A unique property of the GoLoco motifs from these three proteins is their preferential interaction with guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound Galpha(i1), Galpha(i3) and, sometimes, Galpha(i2) subunits over Galpha(o) subunits.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-125	brain protein I3	Mus musculus	150-159
15812354-2	2005	METHODS: p21Ras functional activity was analyzed by direct measurement of GTP/GDP ratio in anti-p21Ras immunoprecipitates of K562 cells previously incubated with H3(32)PO4.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	9-15
15748159-2	2005	A unique property of the GoLoco motifs from these three proteins is their preferential interaction with guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound Galpha(i1), Galpha(i3) and, sometimes, Galpha(i2) subunits over Galpha(o) subunits.	Guanosine Diphosphate	127-130	brain protein I3	Mus musculus	150-159
15702993-3	2005	The significance of this survival mechanism is evidenced by the overexpression of Rab5a mutants in CHO cells that promoted GDP exchange on Rab5a and eliminated pathogenic LM.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	ras-related protein Rab-5A	Cricetulus griseus	82-87
15702993-3	2005	The significance of this survival mechanism is evidenced by the overexpression of Rab5a mutants in CHO cells that promoted GDP exchange on Rab5a and eliminated pathogenic LM.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	ras-related protein Rab-5A	Cricetulus griseus	139-144
15702993-4	2005	The following mutants showed listericidal effects: Rab5a:Q79L, a constitutively active mutant with accelerated GDP exchange and Rab5a GEF, Vps9, which overactivates the endogenous protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	ras-related protein Rab-5A	Cricetulus griseus	51-56
15702993-6	2005	Moreover, the effects of LM on Rab5a phagocytic function mimics those reported for the GDP locked dominant negative Rab5a mutant, S34N.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	ras-related protein Rab-5A	Cricetulus griseus	116-121
15702993-7	2005	Transfection of these mutants into CHO cells increased pathogen survival as they showed higher numbers of viable bacteria, complete inhibition of GDP exchange on Rab5a and impairment of the listericidal action probably exerted by cathepsin-D.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	ras-related protein Rab-5A	Cricetulus griseus	162-167
15709769-8	2005	Furthermore, we found that Ras was capable of binding pyrophosphate (PPi) with a dissociation constant of 26 microM and that PPi and GMP, but neither alone, synergistically potentiated the GRF1-stimulated GDP dissociation from Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	205-208	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II	Homo sapiens	133-136
15709769-8	2005	Furthermore, we found that Ras was capable of binding pyrophosphate (PPi) with a dissociation constant of 26 microM and that PPi and GMP, but neither alone, synergistically potentiated the GRF1-stimulated GDP dissociation from Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	205-208	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	189-193
15709769-4	2005	Herein we have examined in detail the catalyzed GDP/GTP exchange reaction mechanism by a Ras specific GEF, GRF1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	102-105
15709769-4	2005	Herein we have examined in detail the catalyzed GDP/GTP exchange reaction mechanism by a Ras specific GEF, GRF1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	107-111
15709769-9	2005	These results strongly support a GEF reaction mechanism by which nucleotide exchange occurs on Ras through a direct GTP/GDP displacement model.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	33-36
15709769-6	2005	The release of the Ras-bound GDP was dependent upon the concentration and the structure of the incoming nucleotide, in particular, the hydrophobicity of the beta and gamma phosphate groups, suggesting that the GTP binding step is a prerequisite for GDP dissociation, is the rate-limiting step in the GEF reaction, or both.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	300-303
15709769-6	2005	The release of the Ras-bound GDP was dependent upon the concentration and the structure of the incoming nucleotide, in particular, the hydrophobicity of the beta and gamma phosphate groups, suggesting that the GTP binding step is a prerequisite for GDP dissociation, is the rate-limiting step in the GEF reaction, or both.	Guanosine Diphosphate	249-252	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	300-303
15513926-1	2005	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitors (rhoGDIs) are postulated to regulate the activity of small G proteins of the Rho family by a shuttling process involving the extraction of Rho from donor membranes, the formation of the inhibitory cytosolic Rho/rhoGDI complexes, and delivery of Rho to target membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	33-40
15557323-7	2005	The conformation of bovine EF-Tumt in complex with EF-Tsmt is distinct from its conformation in the EF-Tumt.GDP complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Bos taurus	51-58
15576365-6	2005	NCS-1 was shown to modulate the effects of expression of ARF mutants that disrupt Golgi morphology and to recruit GDP-loaded ARF to the Golgi complex in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	neuronal calcium sensor 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
15513926-1	2005	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitors (rhoGDIs) are postulated to regulate the activity of small G proteins of the Rho family by a shuttling process involving the extraction of Rho from donor membranes, the formation of the inhibitory cytosolic Rho/rhoGDI complexes, and delivery of Rho to target membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	33-39
15557278-3	2005	We now show that: 1) Trio and another Rac GEF (Tiam1) act by inducing GDP to GTP exchange on prenylated Rac1-GDP and that our earlier assertion that activation is GTP-independent is explained by contamination of p67phox preparations with GTP and/or ATP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	21-25
15557278-3	2005	We now show that: 1) Trio and another Rac GEF (Tiam1) act by inducing GDP to GTP exchange on prenylated Rac1-GDP and that our earlier assertion that activation is GTP-independent is explained by contamination of p67phox preparations with GTP and/or ATP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	42-45
15557278-6	2005	4) The ability of ATP to support GEF-induced oxidase activation is explained by ATP serving as a gamma-phosphoryl donor for a membrane-localized nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK), converting GDP to GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	194-197	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	33-36
15557278-3	2005	We now show that: 1) Trio and another Rac GEF (Tiam1) act by inducing GDP to GTP exchange on prenylated Rac1-GDP and that our earlier assertion that activation is GTP-independent is explained by contamination of p67phox preparations with GTP and/or ATP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	47-52
15557278-6	2005	4) The ability of ATP to support GEF-induced oxidase activation is explained by ATP serving as a gamma-phosphoryl donor for a membrane-localized nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK), converting GDP to GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	194-197	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	145-174
15557278-6	2005	4) The ability of ATP to support GEF-induced oxidase activation is explained by ATP serving as a gamma-phosphoryl donor for a membrane-localized nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK), converting GDP to GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	194-197	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	176-180
15557278-3	2005	We now show that: 1) Trio and another Rac GEF (Tiam1) act by inducing GDP to GTP exchange on prenylated Rac1-GDP and that our earlier assertion that activation is GTP-independent is explained by contamination of p67phox preparations with GTP and/or ATP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	104-108
15557278-8	2005	6) NDPK acts on free GDP, and the newly formed GTP is bound again to Rac.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	3-7
15557278-9	2005	7) Free GDP is derived exclusively by dissociation from prenylated Rac1-GDP, mediated by GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	8-11	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	67-71
15557278-3	2005	We now show that: 1) Trio and another Rac GEF (Tiam1) act by inducing GDP to GTP exchange on prenylated Rac1-GDP and that our earlier assertion that activation is GTP-independent is explained by contamination of p67phox preparations with GTP and/or ATP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	21-25
15557278-9	2005	7) Free GDP is derived exclusively by dissociation from prenylated Rac1-GDP, mediated by GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	8-11	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	89-92
15557278-3	2005	We now show that: 1) Trio and another Rac GEF (Tiam1) act by inducing GDP to GTP exchange on prenylated Rac1-GDP and that our earlier assertion that activation is GTP-independent is explained by contamination of p67phox preparations with GTP and/or ATP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	42-45
15557278-10	2005	NDPK and GEF appear to be functionally linked in the sense that the availability of GDP, serving as substrate for NDPK, is dependent on the level of activity of GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
15557278-10	2005	NDPK and GEF appear to be functionally linked in the sense that the availability of GDP, serving as substrate for NDPK, is dependent on the level of activity of GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	9-12
15557278-3	2005	We now show that: 1) Trio and another Rac GEF (Tiam1) act by inducing GDP to GTP exchange on prenylated Rac1-GDP and that our earlier assertion that activation is GTP-independent is explained by contamination of p67phox preparations with GTP and/or ATP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	47-52
15557278-10	2005	NDPK and GEF appear to be functionally linked in the sense that the availability of GDP, serving as substrate for NDPK, is dependent on the level of activity of GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	114-118
15557278-3	2005	We now show that: 1) Trio and another Rac GEF (Tiam1) act by inducing GDP to GTP exchange on prenylated Rac1-GDP and that our earlier assertion that activation is GTP-independent is explained by contamination of p67phox preparations with GTP and/or ATP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	104-108
15557278-10	2005	NDPK and GEF appear to be functionally linked in the sense that the availability of GDP, serving as substrate for NDPK, is dependent on the level of activity of GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	161-164
15642342-4	2005	We show that HERC1, through its RLD1, stimulates GDP release from ARF6 but, unexpectedly, it inhibits GDP/GTP exchange on ARF6 under conditions where ARNO stimulates it.	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	HECT and RLD domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase family member 1	Homo sapiens	13-18
15471984-3	2005	Ventricular myocytes isolated from transgenic (TG) mice that overexpress the specific GDP dissociation inhibitor Rho GDI-alpha exhibited significantly decreased basal L-type Ca2+ current density (approximately 40%) compared with myocytes from nontransgenic (NTG) mice.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) alpha	Mus musculus	113-126
16048250-16	2005	CONCLUSION: Low-GDP solution showed beneficial effects such as rapid remesothelialization and less EMT in the peritoneum with time on PD.	Guanosine Diphosphate	16-19	IL2 inducible T cell kinase	Homo sapiens	99-102
15545276-0	2005	Rom2p, the Rho1 GTP/GDP exchange factor of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, can mediate stress responses via the Ras-cAMP pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor ROM2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-5
15545276-0	2005	Rom2p, the Rho1 GTP/GDP exchange factor of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, can mediate stress responses via the Ras-cAMP pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	11-15
15545276-2	2005	Here, we show that Rom2p, the Rho1 GTP/GDP exchange factor, can mediate stress responses and cell growth via the Ras-cAMP pathways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor ROM2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	19-24
15545276-2	2005	Here, we show that Rom2p, the Rho1 GTP/GDP exchange factor, can mediate stress responses and cell growth via the Ras-cAMP pathways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	30-34
15537656-5	2005	Furthermore, VAMP2 bound both GST-Cdc42-GTPgammaS and GST-Cdc42-GDP, indicating that the Cdc42-VAMP2 complex could form under both cytosolic GDP-bound Cdc42 and plasma membrane GTP-bound Cdc42 conformational conditions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	vesicle-associated membrane protein 2	Mus musculus	13-18
15537656-5	2005	Furthermore, VAMP2 bound both GST-Cdc42-GTPgammaS and GST-Cdc42-GDP, indicating that the Cdc42-VAMP2 complex could form under both cytosolic GDP-bound Cdc42 and plasma membrane GTP-bound Cdc42 conformational conditions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	58-63
15537656-5	2005	Furthermore, VAMP2 bound both GST-Cdc42-GTPgammaS and GST-Cdc42-GDP, indicating that the Cdc42-VAMP2 complex could form under both cytosolic GDP-bound Cdc42 and plasma membrane GTP-bound Cdc42 conformational conditions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	58-63
15537656-5	2005	Furthermore, VAMP2 bound both GST-Cdc42-GTPgammaS and GST-Cdc42-GDP, indicating that the Cdc42-VAMP2 complex could form under both cytosolic GDP-bound Cdc42 and plasma membrane GTP-bound Cdc42 conformational conditions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	vesicle-associated membrane protein 2	Mus musculus	95-100
15537656-5	2005	Furthermore, VAMP2 bound both GST-Cdc42-GTPgammaS and GST-Cdc42-GDP, indicating that the Cdc42-VAMP2 complex could form under both cytosolic GDP-bound Cdc42 and plasma membrane GTP-bound Cdc42 conformational conditions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	58-63
15537656-5	2005	Furthermore, VAMP2 bound both GST-Cdc42-GTPgammaS and GST-Cdc42-GDP, indicating that the Cdc42-VAMP2 complex could form under both cytosolic GDP-bound Cdc42 and plasma membrane GTP-bound Cdc42 conformational conditions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	58-63
15642342-4	2005	We show that HERC1, through its RLD1, stimulates GDP release from ARF6 but, unexpectedly, it inhibits GDP/GTP exchange on ARF6 under conditions where ARNO stimulates it.	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	66-70
15642342-4	2005	We show that HERC1, through its RLD1, stimulates GDP release from ARF6 but, unexpectedly, it inhibits GDP/GTP exchange on ARF6 under conditions where ARNO stimulates it.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	HECT and RLD domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase family member 1	Homo sapiens	13-18
15642342-4	2005	We show that HERC1, through its RLD1, stimulates GDP release from ARF6 but, unexpectedly, it inhibits GDP/GTP exchange on ARF6 under conditions where ARNO stimulates it.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	122-126
15985151-2	2005	A new study reports that EF-G binds to ribosomes as an EF-G.GDP complex and that GTP is exchanged for GDP on the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	25-29
15649357-5	2005	RESULTS: We show that the binding of activated Cdc42 to the Cool-2 dimer markedly enhances its ability to associate with GDP bound Rac1, resulting in a significant activation of Rac-GEF activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	47-52
15649357-5	2005	RESULTS: We show that the binding of activated Cdc42 to the Cool-2 dimer markedly enhances its ability to associate with GDP bound Rac1, resulting in a significant activation of Rac-GEF activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	131-135
15649357-5	2005	RESULTS: We show that the binding of activated Cdc42 to the Cool-2 dimer markedly enhances its ability to associate with GDP bound Rac1, resulting in a significant activation of Rac-GEF activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	131-134
15649357-5	2005	RESULTS: We show that the binding of activated Cdc42 to the Cool-2 dimer markedly enhances its ability to associate with GDP bound Rac1, resulting in a significant activation of Rac-GEF activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	182-185
15649357-6	2005	While the Rac-specific GEF activity of Cool-2 is mediated through the Dbl homology (DH) domain from one monomer and the Pleckstrin homology domain from the other, activated Cdc42 interacts with the DH domain, most likely opposite the DH domain binding site for GDP bound Rac.	Guanosine Diphosphate	261-264	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	10-13
15649357-6	2005	While the Rac-specific GEF activity of Cool-2 is mediated through the Dbl homology (DH) domain from one monomer and the Pleckstrin homology domain from the other, activated Cdc42 interacts with the DH domain, most likely opposite the DH domain binding site for GDP bound Rac.	Guanosine Diphosphate	261-264	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	23-26
15951850-7	2005	Discovery of these novel GAP, GDI, and GEF activities have helped to illuminate a new role for Galpha subunit GDP/GTP cycling required for microtubule force generation and mitotic spindle function in chromosomal segregation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	GDP dissociation inhibitor family protein / Rab GTPase activator family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	30-33
15985151-2	2005	A new study reports that EF-G binds to ribosomes as an EF-G.GDP complex and that GTP is exchanged for GDP on the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	55-59
15985151-2	2005	A new study reports that EF-G binds to ribosomes as an EF-G.GDP complex and that GTP is exchanged for GDP on the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	25-29
16473583-3	2005	While these processes are key features of the dynamics of intracellular transport events, surprisingly very few previous studies have focused on the dynamics of the GDP/GTP cycle of Rab proteins in time and space.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	ArfGAP with FG repeats 1	Homo sapiens	182-185
15623799-2	2005	Guanosine diphosphate (GDP) dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), such as activators of G protein signaling (AGS)-1 and -3 and Leu-Gly-Asn repeat-enriched (LGN) proteins regulate the Gi family of G proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-21	G-protein signalling modulator 1 (AGS3-like, C. elegans)	Mus musculus	68-116
15623799-2	2005	Guanosine diphosphate (GDP) dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), such as activators of G protein signaling (AGS)-1 and -3 and Leu-Gly-Asn repeat-enriched (LGN) proteins regulate the Gi family of G proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	G-protein signalling modulator 1 (AGS3-like, C. elegans)	Mus musculus	68-116
15623799-11	2005	The alpha subunit of transducin in its GDP-bound state interacted with endogenous and recombinant LGN, and the recombinant GPR domain of LGN reduced the rate of GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha transducing 1	Mus musculus	21-31
16473590-3	2005	Rab34 lacks a consensus sequence of the fourth motif for GTP/GDP binding and GTPase activities.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	RAB34, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-5
16413270-7	2005	The rate of GDP dissociation from the C-terminal ARF domain in ARD1, is slowed by the adjacent 15 amino acids, which act as a GDP-dissociation inhibitor (GDI) domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	12-15	tripartite motif containing 23	Homo sapiens	63-67
16473592-2	2005	Rab3A cycles between the GDP-bound inactive and GTP-bound active forms, and the former is converted to the latter by the action of a GDP/GTP exchange protein (GEP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	25-28	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
16473600-2	2005	GDI recycles Rab proteins from the membrane and sequesters the inactive GDP-bound form of Rab in the cytosol for use in multiple rounds of transport.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	90-93
16473603-1	2005	The small GTPase Rab5 is one of the key regulators of early endocytic traffic and, like other GTPases, cycles between GTP- and GDP-bound states as well as between membrane and cytosol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	127-130	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	17-21
16473603-3	2005	GDI extracts from membranes the inactive GDP-bound form of the Rab.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	63-66
15475352-3	2004	By characterizing the molecular mechanism of RhoA interaction with its effectors, we have determined the equilibrium dissociation constants of several Rho-binding domains of three different effector proteins (Rhotekin, ROCKI/ROK beta/p160ROCK, PRK1/PKNalpha where ROK is RhoA-binding kinase) for both RhoA.GDP and RhoA.GTP using fluorescence spectroscopy.	Guanosine Diphosphate	306-309	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	45-49
15715441-4	2005	These two cotton Rac proteins, GhRacA and GhRacB, contained conserved regions involved in GTP/GDP binding and activation, an effector region and a polybasic region.	Guanosine Diphosphate	94-97	rac-like GTP-binding protein 3	Gossypium hirsutum	31-37
15601822-2	2004	We report that eIF5-induced hydrolysis of eIF2-bound GTP in 48S complexes led to release of eIF2-GDP but not eIF3 or eIF1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	15-19
15601822-2	2004	We report that eIF5-induced hydrolysis of eIF2-bound GTP in 48S complexes led to release of eIF2-GDP but not eIF3 or eIF1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	42-46
15601822-2	2004	We report that eIF5-induced hydrolysis of eIF2-bound GTP in 48S complexes led to release of eIF2-GDP but not eIF3 or eIF1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	92-96
15290325-3	2004	On the other hand, the antibiotic was able to increase the GDP/GTP exchange rate of SsEF-1alpha; nevertheless, this improvement was not associated with an increase in the catalytic activity of the enzyme.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	84-95
15581367-6	2004	In contrast, the affinity for GDP is decreased 10-fold due to a marked increase in the dissociation rate of EF-Tu.GDP (25-fold) that mimics the action of EF-Ts, the GDP/GTP exchange factor of EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	108-113
15581367-6	2004	In contrast, the affinity for GDP is decreased 10-fold due to a marked increase in the dissociation rate of EF-Tu.GDP (25-fold) that mimics the action of EF-Ts, the GDP/GTP exchange factor of EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	154-159
15581367-6	2004	In contrast, the affinity for GDP is decreased 10-fold due to a marked increase in the dissociation rate of EF-Tu.GDP (25-fold) that mimics the action of EF-Ts, the GDP/GTP exchange factor of EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	192-197
15581367-6	2004	In contrast, the affinity for GDP is decreased 10-fold due to a marked increase in the dissociation rate of EF-Tu.GDP (25-fold) that mimics the action of EF-Ts, the GDP/GTP exchange factor of EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	108-113
15581367-6	2004	In contrast, the affinity for GDP is decreased 10-fold due to a marked increase in the dissociation rate of EF-Tu.GDP (25-fold) that mimics the action of EF-Ts, the GDP/GTP exchange factor of EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	154-159
15581367-6	2004	In contrast, the affinity for GDP is decreased 10-fold due to a marked increase in the dissociation rate of EF-Tu.GDP (25-fold) that mimics the action of EF-Ts, the GDP/GTP exchange factor of EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	192-197
15581351-5	2004	We investigated the ability of human Arf1.GDP (Arf1.GDP) to bind myo-inositol (1,4,5)-trisphosphate (I(1,4,5)P(3)), the soluble headgroup for PI(4,5)P(2), and a short acyl-chain soluble PI(4,5)P(2) analogue using heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC)-based NMR techniques.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	37-41
15581351-5	2004	We investigated the ability of human Arf1.GDP (Arf1.GDP) to bind myo-inositol (1,4,5)-trisphosphate (I(1,4,5)P(3)), the soluble headgroup for PI(4,5)P(2), and a short acyl-chain soluble PI(4,5)P(2) analogue using heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC)-based NMR techniques.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	47-51
15581351-5	2004	We investigated the ability of human Arf1.GDP (Arf1.GDP) to bind myo-inositol (1,4,5)-trisphosphate (I(1,4,5)P(3)), the soluble headgroup for PI(4,5)P(2), and a short acyl-chain soluble PI(4,5)P(2) analogue using heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC)-based NMR techniques.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	37-41
15581351-5	2004	We investigated the ability of human Arf1.GDP (Arf1.GDP) to bind myo-inositol (1,4,5)-trisphosphate (I(1,4,5)P(3)), the soluble headgroup for PI(4,5)P(2), and a short acyl-chain soluble PI(4,5)P(2) analogue using heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC)-based NMR techniques.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	47-51
15581351-6	2004	A patch of positive electrostatic potential on the surface of Arf1.GDP is identified as being directly involved in ligand binding, but structural and stability changes extending to the N-terminal helix and nucleotide-binding site of Arf1 are also documented.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	62-66
15581351-6	2004	A patch of positive electrostatic potential on the surface of Arf1.GDP is identified as being directly involved in ligand binding, but structural and stability changes extending to the N-terminal helix and nucleotide-binding site of Arf1 are also documented.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	233-237
15530857-0	2004	An activating mutant of Cdc42 that fails to interact with Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor localizes to the plasma membrane and mediates actin reorganization.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	24-29
15671486-2	2004	The exchange of GDP for GTP on Arf is catalyzed by a family of guanine nucleotide-exchange factors (GEFs) containing a Sec7 domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	16-19	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	119-123
15544624-11	2004	However, the up-regulation of VEGF in HPMC following 24-h culture with conventional PDF was higher than values from HPMC cultured with PDF containing low GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	154-157	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	30-34
15671485-3	2004	The COPII-coated vesicle formation at the ER membrane is triggered by the activation of the Ras-like small GTPase Sar1 by GDP/GTP exchange, and activated Sar1 in turn promotes COPII coat assembly.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1A	Homo sapiens	114-118
15507476-7	2004	Cell viability measurements were based on release of LDH from cell cytosol, and synthesis of IL-6 and proliferation after exposure to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	93-97
15671485-3	2004	The COPII-coated vesicle formation at the ER membrane is triggered by the activation of the Ras-like small GTPase Sar1 by GDP/GTP exchange, and activated Sar1 in turn promotes COPII coat assembly.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1A	Homo sapiens	154-158
15507476-13	2004	GDP-high PDF but not GDP-free PDF reduced synthesis of IL-6 in mesothelial cells by 40% (P < 0.01) an effect that was reversed by OTZ.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	55-59
15544329-2	2004	The current biochemical model postulates that the GEF-stimulated GDP/GTP exchange of Rho GTPases leads to the active Rho-GTP species, and subsequently the active Rho GTPases interact with and activate the effectors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	50-53
15308674-4	2004	Deletion of this helix results in a protein, termed Delta17Arf1, that has a reduced affinity for GDP and the ability to bind GTP in the absence of lipids or detergents.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	52-63
15308674-8	2004	Results from NMR experiments presented here on Arf1.GDP and Delta17Arf1.GDP in solution reveal substantial structural differences that can only be associated with N-terminal truncation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	47-51
15280192-6	2004	Treatment of CB CD34(+) cells with guanosine diphosphate (GDP) fucose and exogenous alpha1-3 fucosyltransferase VI increased cell-surface sLe(x) determinants, augmented binding to fluid-phase P- and E-selectin, and improved cell rolling on P- and E-selectin under flow.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-56	CD34 molecule	Homo sapiens	16-20
15280192-6	2004	Treatment of CB CD34(+) cells with guanosine diphosphate (GDP) fucose and exogenous alpha1-3 fucosyltransferase VI increased cell-surface sLe(x) determinants, augmented binding to fluid-phase P- and E-selectin, and improved cell rolling on P- and E-selectin under flow.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-56	selectin E	Homo sapiens	199-209
15280192-6	2004	Treatment of CB CD34(+) cells with guanosine diphosphate (GDP) fucose and exogenous alpha1-3 fucosyltransferase VI increased cell-surface sLe(x) determinants, augmented binding to fluid-phase P- and E-selectin, and improved cell rolling on P- and E-selectin under flow.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-56	selectin E	Homo sapiens	247-257
15331592-6	2004	In crystals of the DH/PH-RhoA complex, the active site of RhoA adopts two distinct GDP-excluding conformations among the four unique complexes in the asymmetric unit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	25-29
15331592-6	2004	In crystals of the DH/PH-RhoA complex, the active site of RhoA adopts two distinct GDP-excluding conformations among the four unique complexes in the asymmetric unit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	58-62
15491605-5	2004	The functional cycle of EF-G, i.e. binding of EF-G.GTP to the ribosome, GTP hydrolysis, Pi release, and dissociation of EF-G.GDP from the ribosome, was not affected either, indicating that EF-G turnover is not coupled directly to tRNA-mRNA movement.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	24-28
15632313-1	2004	The biosynthesis of the carbohydrate antigen sialyl Lewis X (sLe(x)) in human leukocytes is mediated by alpha1-3 fucosyltransferase-VII (FucT-VII), which catalyzes the transfer of fucose from GDP-beta-fucose to the 3-OH of alpha2-3 sialyl N-acetyllactosamine (SA-LN).	Guanosine Diphosphate	192-196	fucosyltransferase 7	Homo sapiens	137-145
15334664-5	2004	However, it caused a GDP-inhibition of state 4 respiration and a GDP-induced re-polarization of the inner mitochondrial membrane in the presence of fatty acids, in agreement with its expected physiological behavior as an uncoupling protein (UCP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	241-244
15334664-5	2004	However, it caused a GDP-inhibition of state 4 respiration and a GDP-induced re-polarization of the inner mitochondrial membrane in the presence of fatty acids, in agreement with its expected physiological behavior as an uncoupling protein (UCP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	241-244
15509780-5	2004	TRE17 associates directly with Arf6 in its GDP- but not GTP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	TRE17	Homo sapiens	0-5
15500910-1	2004	Adenylosuccinate synthetase (AdSS) catalyses the Mg(2+) dependent formation of adenylosuccinate from IMP and aspartate, the reaction being driven by the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	174-177	adenylosuccinate synthetase like 1	Mus musculus	0-27
15509780-5	2004	TRE17 associates directly with Arf6 in its GDP- but not GTP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	31-35
15500910-1	2004	Adenylosuccinate synthetase (AdSS) catalyses the Mg(2+) dependent formation of adenylosuccinate from IMP and aspartate, the reaction being driven by the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	174-177	adenylosuccinate synthetase like 1	Mus musculus	29-33
15530367-7	2004	The other is modulated by switch II and is obstructed in Ral-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	57-60
15292224-8	2004	This indicates that ExoS RhoGAP and RhoGDI function in series to inactivate Rho GTPases, in which RhoGDI extracting GDP-bound Rho GTPases off the membrane and sequestering them in cytosol is the rate-limiting step in Rho GTPase inactivation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	Rho GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	25-31
15356266-3	2004	To identify new interactors of Arf1p, we performed an affinity chromatography with GTP- or GDP-bound Arf1p proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	Arf family GTPase ARF1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	31-36
15356266-3	2004	To identify new interactors of Arf1p, we performed an affinity chromatography with GTP- or GDP-bound Arf1p proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	Arf family GTPase ARF1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	101-106
15457212-0	2004	GTP/GDP exchange by Sec12p enables COPII vesicle bud formation on synthetic liposomes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	prolactin regulatory element binding	Homo sapiens	20-26
15479639-5	2004	RIC-8 preferentially binds to GDP bound GOA-1 and is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for GOA-1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	Synembryn	Caenorhabditis elegans	0-5
15479639-5	2004	RIC-8 preferentially binds to GDP bound GOA-1 and is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for GOA-1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha	Caenorhabditis elegans	40-45
15292224-8	2004	This indicates that ExoS RhoGAP and RhoGDI function in series to inactivate Rho GTPases, in which RhoGDI extracting GDP-bound Rho GTPases off the membrane and sequestering them in cytosol is the rate-limiting step in Rho GTPase inactivation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	36-42
15292224-8	2004	This indicates that ExoS RhoGAP and RhoGDI function in series to inactivate Rho GTPases, in which RhoGDI extracting GDP-bound Rho GTPases off the membrane and sequestering them in cytosol is the rate-limiting step in Rho GTPase inactivation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	98-104
15362853-4	2004	Membrane binding of deactivated Galpha(q) and Galpha(s)(GDP) became weaker when Gbetagamma subunits were present, in contrast with the behavior predicted by thermodynamics.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	G protein subunit alpha q	Homo sapiens	32-52
15351280-1	2004	Ran is a small GTPase that cycles between a guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound form (RanGDP) and a guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound form (RanGTP) and plays important roles in nuclear transport and mitosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-65	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-3
15351280-1	2004	Ran is a small GTPase that cycles between a guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound form (RanGDP) and a guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound form (RanGTP) and plays important roles in nuclear transport and mitosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-3
15292453-8	2004	In vitro extraction of rab4 (but not rab11) with GDP dissociation inhibitor was severely attenuated in NPF endosomal fractions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	23-27
15388940-3	2004	The GTPase domain of human Rheb (hRheb) has been recombinantly expressed in Escherichia coli, purified and cocrystallized in complexes with GDP, GTP and GppNHp using the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding	Homo sapiens	27-31
15454457-4	2004	As a model, we focused on the interaction between the nuclear transport effector, RanBP1, and two related complexes consisting of the nuclear import receptor, importin beta, and the GDP- or GppNHp-bound forms of the small GTPase, Ran.	Guanosine Diphosphate	182-185	RAN binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	82-88
15454457-4	2004	As a model, we focused on the interaction between the nuclear transport effector, RanBP1, and two related complexes consisting of the nuclear import receptor, importin beta, and the GDP- or GppNHp-bound forms of the small GTPase, Ran.	Guanosine Diphosphate	182-185	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	82-85
15368366-0	2004	Mutation of the highly conserved Arg165 and Glu168 residues of human Gsalpha disrupts the alphaD-alphaE loop and enhances basal GDP/GTP exchange rate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	69-76
15368366-8	2004	Because the guanine nucleotide binding site is deeply buried in this cleft and those interdomain interactions are playing an important role in regulating the basal GDP/GTP nucleotide exchange rate of Galpha subunits, we studied the role of these highly conserved R and E residues in Galpha function.	Guanosine Diphosphate	164-167	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	200-206
15271992-10	2004	Overall, these findings highlight a new class of activated Galpha mutants that constitutively exchange GDP for GTP and should prove valuable in studying different G protein-signaling systems.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	59-65
15208325-5	2004	By identifying the UCP1-mediated fraction of the response, we could conclude that the interaction between purine nucleotides (GDP) and fatty acids (oleate) unexpectedly displayed simple competitive kinetics.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-129	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	19-23
15336557-4	2004	Interestingly, ADRP precipitated the GDP-bound ARF1 preferentially to the GTP-bound ARF1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	perilipin 2	Homo sapiens	15-19
15336557-4	2004	Interestingly, ADRP precipitated the GDP-bound ARF1 preferentially to the GTP-bound ARF1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	47-51
15336557-4	2004	Interestingly, ADRP precipitated the GDP-bound ARF1 preferentially to the GTP-bound ARF1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	84-88
15371515-6	2004	Direct GLP-1 agonist actions on membrane potential were abolished by choline substitution for extracellular Na+, and dependent on intracellular GDP, suggesting that they were mediated by sodium-dependent conductances in a G-protein-dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	glucagon	Mus musculus	7-12
15336557-8	2004	The present study showed that the GDP-bound ARF1 induces dissociation of ADRP from the LD surface, and that LD is a target of BFA action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	44-48
15336557-8	2004	The present study showed that the GDP-bound ARF1 induces dissociation of ADRP from the LD surface, and that LD is a target of BFA action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	perilipin 2	Homo sapiens	73-77
15155737-3	2004	Here, we identify a novel activity that stimulates release of GDP from Ran in the presence of NTF2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	71-74
15242348-0	2004	Inositol phospholipids regulate the guanine-nucleotide-exchange factor Tiam1 by facilitating its binding to the plasma membrane and regulating GDP/GTP exchange on Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	71-76
15242348-0	2004	Inositol phospholipids regulate the guanine-nucleotide-exchange factor Tiam1 by facilitating its binding to the plasma membrane and regulating GDP/GTP exchange on Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	163-167
15242348-3	2004	Moreover, in 1321N1 astrocytoma cells, translocation of Tiam1 to the cytosol, following receptor-mediated stimulation of PtdIns(4,5)P(2) breakdown, correlates with decreased Rac1-GTP levels, indicating that membrane-association is required for GDP/GTP exchange on Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	244-247	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	56-61
15306850-5	2004	The binding of either PAK (p21-activated kinase) or Cbl (Casitas B-lymphoma) to the SH3 domain of monomeric Cool-2 is necessary for the functional interactions between GDP-bound Cdc42 or Rac and the Cool-2 monomer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	168-171	Cbl proto-oncogene	Homo sapiens	52-55
15306850-5	2004	The binding of either PAK (p21-activated kinase) or Cbl (Casitas B-lymphoma) to the SH3 domain of monomeric Cool-2 is necessary for the functional interactions between GDP-bound Cdc42 or Rac and the Cool-2 monomer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	168-171	Cbl proto-oncogene	Homo sapiens	57-75
15215315-10	2004	However, Pxl1p directly binds to Rho1p-GDP in vitro, and inhibits the growth of rho1-2 and rho1-3 mutants in a dosage-dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	Pxl1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	9-14
15215315-10	2004	However, Pxl1p directly binds to Rho1p-GDP in vitro, and inhibits the growth of rho1-2 and rho1-3 mutants in a dosage-dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	33-38
15294442-8	2004	In contrast, the enzyme model suggests that although a limited stabilization of HRG facilitates GDP release, HRG should not be "too stable" as this might trap the G protein in an inactive state and actually hinder G protein activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	histidine rich glycoprotein	Homo sapiens	80-83
15155737-3	2004	Here, we identify a novel activity that stimulates release of GDP from Ran in the presence of NTF2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	nuclear transport factor 2	Homo sapiens	94-98
15317456-6	2004	In the GDP-bound form of eEF1A, this binding site exists only as two separate halves, which accounts for the much greater affinity of didemnins for the GTP-bound form of this elongation factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	7-10	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	25-30
15205467-5	2004	Galectin-3 co-immunoprecipitated significantly better with K-Ras-GTP than with K-Ras-GDP, H-Ras, or N-Ras and colocalized with green fluorescent protein-K-Ras(G12V), not with green fluorescent protein-H-Ras(G12V), in the cell membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	galectin 3	Homo sapiens	0-10
15332996-1	2004	LyGDI inhibits the dissociation of GDP from Rho family GTPases and is found in abundance in hematopoietic cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	Rho, GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) beta	Mus musculus	0-5
15205467-5	2004	Galectin-3 co-immunoprecipitated significantly better with K-Ras-GTP than with K-Ras-GDP, H-Ras, or N-Ras and colocalized with green fluorescent protein-K-Ras(G12V), not with green fluorescent protein-H-Ras(G12V), in the cell membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	79-84
15205467-5	2004	Galectin-3 co-immunoprecipitated significantly better with K-Ras-GTP than with K-Ras-GDP, H-Ras, or N-Ras and colocalized with green fluorescent protein-K-Ras(G12V), not with green fluorescent protein-H-Ras(G12V), in the cell membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	79-84
15287724-5	2004	The F28L mutation of Cdc42Hs is characterized by an increased rate of cycling between the GTP and GDP-bound forms leading to cell transformation (Lin et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	21-28
15287724-9	2004	Here, we describe the backbone dynamics of Cdc42Hs(F28L)-GDP using 1H-15N NMR measurements of T1, T1rho, and steady-state NOE at two magnetic field strengths.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	43-50
15287738-1	2004	p21Ras (Ras) proteins cycle between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states to mediate signal transduction pathways that promote cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	0-6
15220780-7	2004	CONCLUSIONS: Halothane and hexanol interact with the receptor-heterotrimeric G-protein complex in a manner that prevents acetylcholine-promoted exchange of guanosine-5(")-triphosphate for guanosine-5"-diphosphate at Galphaq/11.	Guanosine Diphosphate	188-212	G protein subunit alpha q	Homo sapiens	216-223
15173169-5	2004	We also show that, although FIPs interact with the GDP-bound form of Rab11 in vitro, the binding affinity (>1000 nm) is not sufficient for FIP and GDP-bound Rab11 interactions to occur in vivo.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	69-74
15173169-5	2004	We also show that, although FIPs interact with the GDP-bound form of Rab11 in vitro, the binding affinity (>1000 nm) is not sufficient for FIP and GDP-bound Rab11 interactions to occur in vivo.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	upstream transcription factor 2, c-fos interacting	Homo sapiens	28-31
15260829-6	2004	Reassembly was completely sensitive to guanosine 5"-diphosphate-restricted Sar1p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-63	secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1A	Homo sapiens	75-80
15260829-7	2004	When cells were microinjected with Sar1pWT DNA to reverse a guanosine 5"-diphosphate-restricted Sar1p endoplasmic reticulum-exit block phenotype, GM130 and p27 collected perinuclearly with little to no exit of a cisternal enzyme from the endoplasmic reticulum.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-84	secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1A	Homo sapiens	35-40
15260829-7	2004	When cells were microinjected with Sar1pWT DNA to reverse a guanosine 5"-diphosphate-restricted Sar1p endoplasmic reticulum-exit block phenotype, GM130 and p27 collected perinuclearly with little to no exit of a cisternal enzyme from the endoplasmic reticulum.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-84	golgin A2	Homo sapiens	146-151
15123672-0	2004	Gbetagamma-activated inwardly rectifying K(+) (GIRK) channel activation kinetics via Galphai and Galphao-coupled receptors are determined by Galpha-specific interdomain interactions that affect GDP release rates.	Guanosine Diphosphate	194-197	potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 3 S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	0-45
15123672-0	2004	Gbetagamma-activated inwardly rectifying K(+) (GIRK) channel activation kinetics via Galphai and Galphao-coupled receptors are determined by Galpha-specific interdomain interactions that affect GDP release rates.	Guanosine Diphosphate	194-197	potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 3 S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	47-51
15157096-5	2004	Furthermore, nucleotide exchange experiments carried out on a truncated form of SsEF-1alpha, consisting only of the nucleotide binding domain, demonstrate that the low affinity of SsEF-1alpha.GDP for Mg(2+) is due to the local architecture of the active site and does not depend on the presence of the other two domains.	Guanosine Diphosphate	192-195	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	180-191
15123672-0	2004	Gbetagamma-activated inwardly rectifying K(+) (GIRK) channel activation kinetics via Galphai and Galphao-coupled receptors are determined by Galpha-specific interdomain interactions that affect GDP release rates.	Guanosine Diphosphate	194-197	succinate-CoA ligase, alpha subunit L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	85-91
15123672-8	2004	Mutations disrupting the interdomain contact in Galpha(i2(C352G)) at either the alphaD-alphaE loop (R145A) or the switch III loop (L233Q/A236H/E240T/M241T), significantly accelerated the GIRK activation kinetics consistent with the Galpha(i2) interdomain interface regulating receptor-catalyzed GDP release rates in vivo.	Guanosine Diphosphate	295-298	succinate-CoA ligase, alpha subunit L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	48-57
15123672-9	2004	We propose that differences in Galpha(i) versus Galpha(o)-coupled GIRK activation kinetics are due to intrinsic differences in receptor-catalyzed GDP release that rate-limit Gbetagamma production and is attributed to heterogeneity in Galpha(i) and Galpha(o) interdomain contacts.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	succinate-CoA ligase, alpha subunit L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	31-37
15123672-9	2004	We propose that differences in Galpha(i) versus Galpha(o)-coupled GIRK activation kinetics are due to intrinsic differences in receptor-catalyzed GDP release that rate-limit Gbetagamma production and is attributed to heterogeneity in Galpha(i) and Galpha(o) interdomain contacts.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	succinate-CoA ligase, alpha subunit L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	48-54
15123672-9	2004	We propose that differences in Galpha(i) versus Galpha(o)-coupled GIRK activation kinetics are due to intrinsic differences in receptor-catalyzed GDP release that rate-limit Gbetagamma production and is attributed to heterogeneity in Galpha(i) and Galpha(o) interdomain contacts.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 3 S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	66-70
15248046-8	2004	In contrast, the expression of the calcineurin inhibitor CAIN and of the GDP/GTP exchange protein Rab3 was down-regulated by cytokines.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	98-102
15196914-0	2004	Crystal structure of Rab9 complexed to GDP reveals a dimer with an active conformation of switch II.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	RAB9A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	21-25
15196914-2	2004	The crystal structure of Rab9 complexed to GDP, Mg(2+), and Sr(2+) reveals a unique dimer formed by an intermolecular beta-sheet that buries the switch I regions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	RAB9A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	25-29
15007073-6	2004	A holo-G protein with a high affinity Galpha C terminus shows a specific change of the reaction rate in the GDP release and GTP uptake steps of catalysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	38-44
15007073-7	2004	We interpret the data by a sequential fit model where (i) the initial encounter between R* and the G protein occurs with the Gbetagamma subunit, and (ii) the Galpha C-terminal tail then interacts with R* to release bound GDP, thereby decreasing the affinity of R* for the Gbetagamma subunit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	221-224	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	158-164
15157096-0	2004	The crystal structure of Sulfolobus solfataricus elongation factor 1alpha in complex with magnesium and GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	Hsp20/alpha crystallin family protein	Saccharolobus solfataricus	49-73
15157096-2	2004	Along this line, it has been demonstrated that, in contrast to EF-Tu, Sulfolobus solfataricus EF-1alpha in complex with GDP (SsEF-1alpha.GDP) does not bind Mg(2+), when the ion is present in the crystallization medium at moderate concentration (5 mM).	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	94-103
15157096-2	2004	Along this line, it has been demonstrated that, in contrast to EF-Tu, Sulfolobus solfataricus EF-1alpha in complex with GDP (SsEF-1alpha.GDP) does not bind Mg(2+), when the ion is present in the crystallization medium at moderate concentration (5 mM).	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	125-136
15157096-2	2004	Along this line, it has been demonstrated that, in contrast to EF-Tu, Sulfolobus solfataricus EF-1alpha in complex with GDP (SsEF-1alpha.GDP) does not bind Mg(2+), when the ion is present in the crystallization medium at moderate concentration (5 mM).	Guanosine Diphosphate	137-140	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	94-103
15157096-2	2004	Along this line, it has been demonstrated that, in contrast to EF-Tu, Sulfolobus solfataricus EF-1alpha in complex with GDP (SsEF-1alpha.GDP) does not bind Mg(2+), when the ion is present in the crystallization medium at moderate concentration (5 mM).	Guanosine Diphosphate	137-140	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	125-136
15157096-3	2004	To further investigate the role that magnesium plays in the exchange process of EF-1alpha and to check the ability of SsEF-1alpha.GDP to bind the ion, we have determined the crystal structure of SsEF-1alpha.GDP in the presence of a nonphysiological concentration (100 mM) of Mg(2+).	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-133	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	118-129
15190213-6	2004	(3-6) Here, we discuss the available information on this issue and conclude that unlike Ras signaling, Cdc42p directed polarity establishment additionally requires cycling between GTP- and GDP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	189-192	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	103-109
15229234-5	2004	We show that the GDP-associated GABAergic current observed in CA3 pyramidal neurons is strongly enhanced by the GAT-1-specific blocker NO-711 (1-[2-[[(diphenylmethylene)imino]oxy]ethyl]-1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid hydrochloride).	Guanosine Diphosphate	17-20	solute carrier family 6 member 12	Rattus norvegicus	112-117
15160388-8	2004	Binding studies indicate that Rab40c binds guanosine 5"-0-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTP gamma S) with a K(d) of 21 microM and has a higher affinity for guanosine triphosphate (GTP) than for guanosine diphosphate (GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	186-207	RAB40C, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	30-36
15160388-8	2004	Binding studies indicate that Rab40c binds guanosine 5"-0-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTP gamma S) with a K(d) of 21 microM and has a higher affinity for guanosine triphosphate (GTP) than for guanosine diphosphate (GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	209-212	RAB40C, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	30-36
15157096-3	2004	To further investigate the role that magnesium plays in the exchange process of EF-1alpha and to check the ability of SsEF-1alpha.GDP to bind the ion, we have determined the crystal structure of SsEF-1alpha.GDP in the presence of a nonphysiological concentration (100 mM) of Mg(2+).	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-133	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	195-206
15157096-3	2004	To further investigate the role that magnesium plays in the exchange process of EF-1alpha and to check the ability of SsEF-1alpha.GDP to bind the ion, we have determined the crystal structure of SsEF-1alpha.GDP in the presence of a nonphysiological concentration (100 mM) of Mg(2+).	Guanosine Diphosphate	207-210	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	118-129
15157096-3	2004	To further investigate the role that magnesium plays in the exchange process of EF-1alpha and to check the ability of SsEF-1alpha.GDP to bind the ion, we have determined the crystal structure of SsEF-1alpha.GDP in the presence of a nonphysiological concentration (100 mM) of Mg(2+).	Guanosine Diphosphate	207-210	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	195-206
15157096-5	2004	Furthermore, nucleotide exchange experiments carried out on a truncated form of SsEF-1alpha, consisting only of the nucleotide binding domain, demonstrate that the low affinity of SsEF-1alpha.GDP for Mg(2+) is due to the local architecture of the active site and does not depend on the presence of the other two domains.	Guanosine Diphosphate	192-195	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	80-91
15337852-4	2004	Furthermore, similar to UCP1, UCP2, and UCP3, the uncoupling activity of DmUCP5 is augmented by fatty acids and inhibited by the purine nucleotide GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	147-150	bmcp	Drosophila melanogaster	73-79
15128951-4	2004	Isothermal titration calorimetric analysis of the binding of (G202A)G alpha(i1) and (K180P)G alpha(i1) to the GTPase-activating protein RGS4 indicates that the G202A mutation stabilizes the pretransition state-like conformation of G alpha(i1) that is mimicked by the complex of G alpha(i1) with GDP and magnesium fluoroaluminate, whereas the K180P mutation destabilizes this state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	295-298	regulator of G protein signaling 4	Homo sapiens	136-140
14998997-12	2004	The physiological role of Ggc1p in S. cerevisiae is probably to transport GTP into mitochondria, where it is required for important processes such as nucleic acid and protein synthesis, in exchange for intramitochondrially generated GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	233-236	Ggc1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	26-31
15069594-4	2004	In accordance with Souchet et al., recombinant p63RhoGEF interacted with and catalysed GDP/GTP exchange at RhoA, but not Rac1 or Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 25	Homo sapiens	47-56
15033930-3	2004	Cardiac-specific inhibition of Rho family protein activities was achieved by expressing Rho GDIalpha, an endogenous specific GDP dissociation inhibitor for Rho family proteins, using the alpha-myosin heavy-chain promoter.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) alpha	Mus musculus	88-100
15173197-6	2004	These results indicate that the apparent affinity for GDP of the M(2)-Galpha(i1) fusion protein bound to a ligand represents the efficacy of the given ligand, and that Mg(2+) is required for the agonist-bound M(2) to interact with Galpha(i1), reducing its affinity for GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	nischarin	Homo sapiens	70-79
15173197-6	2004	These results indicate that the apparent affinity for GDP of the M(2)-Galpha(i1) fusion protein bound to a ligand represents the efficacy of the given ligand, and that Mg(2+) is required for the agonist-bound M(2) to interact with Galpha(i1), reducing its affinity for GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	269-272	nischarin	Homo sapiens	70-79
15173197-7	2004	We propose that the agonist-M(2)-Galpha(i1) complex represents the transition state for the GDP-GTP exchange reaction catalyzed by agonist-bound receptors, and that the complex has different affinities for GDP depending on the species of the ligand bound to M(2) receptors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	nischarin	Homo sapiens	33-42
15173198-3	2004	The stimulation by nociceptin of [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding to the fusion protein was clearly observed in the presence of an appropriate concentration of GDP, because the affinity for GDP was decreased in the presence of agonist.	Guanosine Diphosphate	152-155	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	19-29
15173198-3	2004	The stimulation by nociceptin of [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding to the fusion protein was clearly observed in the presence of an appropriate concentration of GDP, because the affinity for GDP was decreased in the presence of agonist.	Guanosine Diphosphate	182-185	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	19-29
15173198-4	2004	Full and partial agonists differed in their effects on apparent the affinity of the fusion protein for GDP: the IC(50) values for GDP to displace 100 pM [(35)S]GTPgammaS were estimated to be 2 micro M, 0.4 micro M, and 0.05 micro M in the presence of full agonist (nociceptin), partial agonist (F/G-NC), and antagonist (NBZH), respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	265-275
15173198-4	2004	Full and partial agonists differed in their effects on apparent the affinity of the fusion protein for GDP: the IC(50) values for GDP to displace 100 pM [(35)S]GTPgammaS were estimated to be 2 micro M, 0.4 micro M, and 0.05 micro M in the presence of full agonist (nociceptin), partial agonist (F/G-NC), and antagonist (NBZH), respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-133	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	265-275
15081806-2	2004	The modeled systems include the active and inactive forms of the wild-type Galpha(t) and three of its mutants (GDP-bound form only): F332A, A322S, and Q326A that are known to exhibit various degrees of enhancement of their basal and receptor-catalyzed rates of nucleotide exchange (150-fold, 70-fold and WT-like, respectively).	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	75-81
15081806-8	2004	Taken together the results suggest a nucleotide exchange mechanism, analogous to that found in the Arf family GTPases, in which a partially activated state, achievable from a receptor-mediated action of the front to back communication device either by displacement of the C-terminal alpha(5) helix, of the N-terminal alpha(N) helix, or of the Gbetagamma subunit, could precede the dissociation of GDP from the native Galpha subunit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	397-400	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	417-423
14998997-3	2004	Here the identification and functional characterization of the mitochondrial GTP/GDP carrier (Ggc1p) is described.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	Ggc1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	94-99
14998997-9	2004	Furthermore, in contrast to the ADP/ATP carrier, the Ggc1p-mediated GTP/GDP heteroexchange is H(+)-compensated and thus electroneutral.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	Ggc1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	53-58
14998997-10	2004	Cells lacking the ggc1 gene had reduced levels of GTP and increased levels of GDP in their mitochondria.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	Ggc1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	18-22
15126638-0	2004	The GDP-bound form of Arf6 is located at the plasma membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	22-26
15126638-1	2004	The function of Arf6 has been investigated largely by using the T27N and the Q67L mutants, which are thought to be blocked in GDP- and GTP-bound states, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-129	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	16-20
15126638-9	2004	This GDP-locked mutant is found at the plasma membrane, where it localizes with EFA6 and Ezrin in actin- and phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate-enriched domains.	Guanosine Diphosphate	5-8	pleckstrin and Sec7 domain containing	Homo sapiens	80-84
15126638-9	2004	This GDP-locked mutant is found at the plasma membrane, where it localizes with EFA6 and Ezrin in actin- and phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate-enriched domains.	Guanosine Diphosphate	5-8	ezrin	Homo sapiens	89-94
15125774-10	2004	ARF1 binding increases twofold upon treatment with brefeldin A (BFA) and is completely abolished upon treatment with GTPgammaS, suggesting that ARF1 can only interact with the cytosolic tail of p24 proteins in its GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	214-217	Arf family GTPase ARF1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-4
15125774-10	2004	ARF1 binding increases twofold upon treatment with brefeldin A (BFA) and is completely abolished upon treatment with GTPgammaS, suggesting that ARF1 can only interact with the cytosolic tail of p24 proteins in its GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	214-217	Arf family GTPase ARF1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	144-148
14752117-3	2004	We present the 2.0 A crystal structures of the catalytic domain of Kre2p/Mnt1p and its binary and ternary complexes with GDP/Mn(2+) and GDP/Mn(2+)/acceptor methyl-alpha-mannoside.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	alpha-1,2-mannosyltransferase KRE2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	67-72
14752117-3	2004	We present the 2.0 A crystal structures of the catalytic domain of Kre2p/Mnt1p and its binary and ternary complexes with GDP/Mn(2+) and GDP/Mn(2+)/acceptor methyl-alpha-mannoside.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	alpha-1,2-mannosyltransferase KRE2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	73-78
14752117-3	2004	We present the 2.0 A crystal structures of the catalytic domain of Kre2p/Mnt1p and its binary and ternary complexes with GDP/Mn(2+) and GDP/Mn(2+)/acceptor methyl-alpha-mannoside.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	alpha-1,2-mannosyltransferase KRE2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	67-72
14752117-3	2004	We present the 2.0 A crystal structures of the catalytic domain of Kre2p/Mnt1p and its binary and ternary complexes with GDP/Mn(2+) and GDP/Mn(2+)/acceptor methyl-alpha-mannoside.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	alpha-1,2-mannosyltransferase KRE2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	73-78
15069594-4	2004	In accordance with Souchet et al., recombinant p63RhoGEF interacted with and catalysed GDP/GTP exchange at RhoA, but not Rac1 or Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	107-111
15091342-2	2004	Here, we report that the expression of AGS3, which binds to GialphaGDP and inhibits GDP dissociation, was upregulated in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) during late withdrawal from repeated cocaine administration.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	G-protein signaling modulator 1	Rattus norvegicus	39-43
14966141-7	2004	MAP4K4 interacted preferentially with GTP-bound Rap2 over GDP-bound Rap2 in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	RAP2A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	68-72
14963032-4	2004	Here, using a pull-down method, we confirmed the presence of Galpha(i3-GDP) binding site in the N terminus of GIRK1 and identified novel binding sites in the N terminus of GIRK2 and in the C termini of GIRK1 and GIRK2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	succinate-CoA ligase, alpha subunit L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	61-70
14963032-4	2004	Here, using a pull-down method, we confirmed the presence of Galpha(i3-GDP) binding site in the N terminus of GIRK1 and identified novel binding sites in the N terminus of GIRK2 and in the C termini of GIRK1 and GIRK2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 3 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	110-115
14963032-9	2004	Differences in physical interactions of GIRK with GDP-bound Galpha subunits, or Galphabetagamma heterotrimers, may dictate different extents of Galphabetagamma anchoring, influence the efficiency of GIRK activation by Gbetagamma, and play a role in determining signaling specificity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 3 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	40-44
14963032-9	2004	Differences in physical interactions of GIRK with GDP-bound Galpha subunits, or Galphabetagamma heterotrimers, may dictate different extents of Galphabetagamma anchoring, influence the efficiency of GIRK activation by Gbetagamma, and play a role in determining signaling specificity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 3 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	199-203
14966141-7	2004	MAP4K4 interacted preferentially with GTP-bound Rap2 over GDP-bound Rap2 in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 4	Homo sapiens	0-6
15087620-10	2004	Critically requiring G alpha q-protein function, this effect is located downstream of guanosine diphosphate-guanosine triphosphate exchange and is not dependent on increased guanosine triphosphatase activity, phosphatases, or protein kinases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-107	G protein subunit alpha q	Homo sapiens	21-30
15033364-6	2004	It is suggested that Sec7d groove closure upon docking of the two molecules may permit extraction of switch 1 from Arf1-GDP and prepare the complex for movement of the interswitch, which is central to the membrane-linked exchange activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	115-119
15033364-7	2004	Large-scale collective movements in the Arf1-Sec7d complex appear to participate in the insertion of the Sec7d Glu finger into the GDP binding site to promote actual nucleotide release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	40-44
15033454-3	2004	SPF2 was only half as effective as SPF in stimulating squalene epoxidation and was more strongly inhibited by GTP and GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	SEC14-like lipid binding 3	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
15057873-3	2004	This DNA contained a truncated human ras homolog gene family GDP dissociation inhibitor beta (ARHGDIB) gene, resulting in a C-terminal truncated form of LyGDI (Delta C-LyGDI, 166-201 deletion), a member of the RhoGDIs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	153-158
15024091-5	2004	Remarkably, kappaB-Ras functions in both GDP- and GTP-bound states, and mutations of the conserved guanine-binding residues of kappaB-Ras abrogate its ability to block degradation of IkappaBbeta.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	NFKB inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	183-194
14615375-2	2004	Two principal effector proteins for cAMP are protein kinase A (PKA) and EPAC (exchange protein directly activated by cAMP), a Rap guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP) exchange factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-154	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	72-76
14615375-2	2004	Two principal effector proteins for cAMP are protein kinase A (PKA) and EPAC (exchange protein directly activated by cAMP), a Rap guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP) exchange factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	72-76
14629200-0	2004	An activating mutant of Rac1 that fails to interact with Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor stimulates membrane ruffling in mammalian cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	24-28
15200053-1	2004	ras-p21 protein binds to the son-of-sevenless (SOS) guanine nucleotide-exchange promoter that allows it to exchange GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
14699104-0	2004	The structural GDP/GTP cycle of Rab11 reveals a novel interface involved in the dynamics of recycling endosomes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	15-18	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	32-37
14699104-2	2004	Here we report the crystallographic analysis of the GDP/GTP cycle of human Rab11a, and a structure-based mutagenesis study that identifies a novel mutant phenotype.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	75-81
14699104-4	2004	In Rab11-GDP, they contribute to a close packed symmetrical dimer, which may associate to membranes in the cell and allow Rab11 to undergo GDP/GTP cycles without recycling to the cytosol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	3-8
14699104-4	2004	In Rab11-GDP, they contribute to a close packed symmetrical dimer, which may associate to membranes in the cell and allow Rab11 to undergo GDP/GTP cycles without recycling to the cytosol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	122-127
14699104-4	2004	In Rab11-GDP, they contribute to a close packed symmetrical dimer, which may associate to membranes in the cell and allow Rab11 to undergo GDP/GTP cycles without recycling to the cytosol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-142	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	3-8
14699104-4	2004	In Rab11-GDP, they contribute to a close packed symmetrical dimer, which may associate to membranes in the cell and allow Rab11 to undergo GDP/GTP cycles without recycling to the cytosol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-142	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	122-127
14973186-2	2004	We show that three guanosine 5"-triphosphate analogs with BODIPY fluorophores coupled via the gamma phosphate bind to the GTPases Cdc42, Rac1, RhoA, and Ras and displace guanosine 5"-diphosphate with high intrinsic exchange rates in the presence of Mg(2+) ions, thereby acting as synthetic, low molecular weight guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-194	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	130-135
14973186-2	2004	We show that three guanosine 5"-triphosphate analogs with BODIPY fluorophores coupled via the gamma phosphate bind to the GTPases Cdc42, Rac1, RhoA, and Ras and displace guanosine 5"-diphosphate with high intrinsic exchange rates in the presence of Mg(2+) ions, thereby acting as synthetic, low molecular weight guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-194	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	137-141
14973186-2	2004	We show that three guanosine 5"-triphosphate analogs with BODIPY fluorophores coupled via the gamma phosphate bind to the GTPases Cdc42, Rac1, RhoA, and Ras and displace guanosine 5"-diphosphate with high intrinsic exchange rates in the presence of Mg(2+) ions, thereby acting as synthetic, low molecular weight guanine nucleotide exchange factors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-194	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	143-147
14656218-7	2004	In binding assays with the non-hydrolysable GTP analogue guanosine 5"-[gamma-thio]triphosphate, G18 exhibits GDI activity, slowing the exchange of GDP for GTP by Galpha(i1).	Guanosine Diphosphate	147-150	G protein signaling modulator 3	Homo sapiens	96-99
14656218-7	2004	In binding assays with the non-hydrolysable GTP analogue guanosine 5"-[gamma-thio]triphosphate, G18 exhibits GDI activity, slowing the exchange of GDP for GTP by Galpha(i1).	Guanosine Diphosphate	147-150	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	162-171
14656218-8	2004	Only the first and third GoLoco motifs within G18 are capable of interacting with Galpha subunits, and these bind with low micromolar affinity only to Galpha(i1) in the GDP-bound form, and not to Galpha(o), Galpha(q), Galpha(s) or Galpha12.	Guanosine Diphosphate	169-172	G protein signaling modulator 3	Homo sapiens	46-49
14656218-8	2004	Only the first and third GoLoco motifs within G18 are capable of interacting with Galpha subunits, and these bind with low micromolar affinity only to Galpha(i1) in the GDP-bound form, and not to Galpha(o), Galpha(q), Galpha(s) or Galpha12.	Guanosine Diphosphate	169-172	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	151-160
14656218-8	2004	Only the first and third GoLoco motifs within G18 are capable of interacting with Galpha subunits, and these bind with low micromolar affinity only to Galpha(i1) in the GDP-bound form, and not to Galpha(o), Galpha(q), Galpha(s) or Galpha12.	Guanosine Diphosphate	169-172	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	151-157
14656218-8	2004	Only the first and third GoLoco motifs within G18 are capable of interacting with Galpha subunits, and these bind with low micromolar affinity only to Galpha(i1) in the GDP-bound form, and not to Galpha(o), Galpha(q), Galpha(s) or Galpha12.	Guanosine Diphosphate	169-172	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	151-157
14645372-3	2004	Among the nine TGase enzyme isoforms known in the human genome, only TGase 2 is known to bind and hydrolyze GTP to GDP; binding GTP inhibits its transamidation activity but allows it to function in signal transduction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	transglutaminase 2	Homo sapiens	69-76
14625275-3	2004	As a consequence, Rac1b has an accelerated GEF-independent GDP/GTP exchange and an impaired GTP hydrolysis, which is restored partially by GTPase-activating proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	43-46
15119632-14	2004	CONCLUSION: Using a chronic inflammatory infusion model of PD in the rat, we show that dialysis with GDP-containing PD fluid is associated with increased VEGF production and peritoneal vascularization.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Rattus norvegicus	154-158
14645372-4	2004	Here we present biochemical and crystallographic evidence for the direct binding of GTP/GDP to the active TGase 3 enzyme, and we show that the TGase 3 enzyme undergoes a GTPase cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	transglutaminase 3	Homo sapiens	106-113
14645372-4	2004	Here we present biochemical and crystallographic evidence for the direct binding of GTP/GDP to the active TGase 3 enzyme, and we show that the TGase 3 enzyme undergoes a GTPase cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	transglutaminase 3	Homo sapiens	143-150
14645372-5	2004	The crystal structures of active TGase 3 with guanosine 5"-O-(thiotriphosphate) (GTPgammaS) and GDP were determined to 2.1 and 1.9 A resolution, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	transglutaminase 3	Homo sapiens	33-40
14597635-4	2004	Based on the available structural information, we have identified the highly conserved amino acid pairing of Asn(1406)Trio-Asp(65)Rac1 of the GEF-Rho GTPase interaction as the critical catalytic machinery required for the Rac1 GDP/GTP exchange reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	227-230	trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	118-122
15049518-4	2004	ARF4L was shown to be distributed to the plasma membrane following binding to GTP (Q80L), and into endosomes following binding to GDP (T35N).	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-133	ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 4D	Homo sapiens	0-5
14597635-4	2004	Based on the available structural information, we have identified the highly conserved amino acid pairing of Asn(1406)Trio-Asp(65)Rac1 of the GEF-Rho GTPase interaction as the critical catalytic machinery required for the Rac1 GDP/GTP exchange reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	227-230	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	130-134
14597635-4	2004	Based on the available structural information, we have identified the highly conserved amino acid pairing of Asn(1406)Trio-Asp(65)Rac1 of the GEF-Rho GTPase interaction as the critical catalytic machinery required for the Rac1 GDP/GTP exchange reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	227-230	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	142-145
14597635-4	2004	Based on the available structural information, we have identified the highly conserved amino acid pairing of Asn(1406)Trio-Asp(65)Rac1 of the GEF-Rho GTPase interaction as the critical catalytic machinery required for the Rac1 GDP/GTP exchange reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	227-230	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	222-226
14723703-6	2004	Biochemical analyses demonstrated that Sept2 bound directly to the carboxy-terminal region of GLAST in a GDP-form dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	septin 2	Homo sapiens	39-44
14597621-1	2004	We show here that affinity-purified Saccharomyces cerevisiae septin complexes contain stoichiometric amounts of guanine nucleotides, specifically GTP and GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	154-157	Septin 1	Drosophila melanogaster	61-67
14706836-4	2004	Addition of GDP to inhibit UCP3 markedly inhibited proton conductance and increased superoxide production.	Guanosine Diphosphate	12-15	uncoupling protein 3	Rattus norvegicus	27-31
14723703-6	2004	Biochemical analyses demonstrated that Sept2 bound directly to the carboxy-terminal region of GLAST in a GDP-form dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	solute carrier family 1 member 3	Homo sapiens	94-99
14584038-7	2004	Experimental evidence demonstrating the involvement of Rho pathway in S1P-stimulated myoblast contraction included: the activation/translocation of RhoA to the membrane in response to agonist-stimulation in cells depleted of Ca(2+) and the inhibition of dynamic changes of the actin cytoskeleton in cells where Rho functions had been inhibited either by overexpression of RhoGDI, a physiological inhibitor of GDP dissociation from Rho proteins, or by pretreatment with Y-27632, a specific Rho kinase inhibitor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	409-412	sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1	Mus musculus	70-73
14584038-7	2004	Experimental evidence demonstrating the involvement of Rho pathway in S1P-stimulated myoblast contraction included: the activation/translocation of RhoA to the membrane in response to agonist-stimulation in cells depleted of Ca(2+) and the inhibition of dynamic changes of the actin cytoskeleton in cells where Rho functions had been inhibited either by overexpression of RhoGDI, a physiological inhibitor of GDP dissociation from Rho proteins, or by pretreatment with Y-27632, a specific Rho kinase inhibitor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	409-412	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	148-152
15488186-2	2004	GPCR activation by an agonist promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the Galpha subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	74-80
15313557-1	2004	G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) activate heterotrimeric G proteins by inducing the G-protein alpha (Galpha) subunit to exchange guanosine diphosphate for guanosine triphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	132-153	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	104-110
15488168-4	2004	GAIP, which enhances the intrinsic GTPase-activating protein activity of the Galphai3 protein, stimulates autophagy by favoring the GDP-bound form of Galphai3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	132-135	regulator of G protein signaling 19	Homo sapiens	0-4
14530282-2	2003	The entire C-terminal domain (AGS3-C) as well as certain peptides corresponding to individual GPR motifs of AGS3 bound to G alpha i1 and inhibited the binding of GTP by stabilizing the GDP-bound conformation of G alpha i1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	185-188	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	30-34
14530282-2	2003	The entire C-terminal domain (AGS3-C) as well as certain peptides corresponding to individual GPR motifs of AGS3 bound to G alpha i1 and inhibited the binding of GTP by stabilizing the GDP-bound conformation of G alpha i1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	185-188	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	108-112
14609727-2	2003	Activation of receptor by agonist leads to the dissociation of GDP from Galpha of the Galphabetagamma heterotrimer, followed by the binding of GTP to Galpha and subsequent modulation of downstream effectors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	72-78
14522985-15	2003	The two dominant negative Rab3D mutants, therefore, interfere with endogenous Rab3D function by blocking the GDP/GTP exchange but not zymogen granule targeting of endogenous Rab3D.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	RAB3D, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	26-31
14522985-15	2003	The two dominant negative Rab3D mutants, therefore, interfere with endogenous Rab3D function by blocking the GDP/GTP exchange but not zymogen granule targeting of endogenous Rab3D.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	RAB3D, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	78-83
14522985-15	2003	The two dominant negative Rab3D mutants, therefore, interfere with endogenous Rab3D function by blocking the GDP/GTP exchange but not zymogen granule targeting of endogenous Rab3D.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	RAB3D, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	78-83
14609727-2	2003	Activation of receptor by agonist leads to the dissociation of GDP from Galpha of the Galphabetagamma heterotrimer, followed by the binding of GTP to Galpha and subsequent modulation of downstream effectors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	86-92
14690595-3	2003	The crystal structure of the ARF1*GDP*Sec7*BFA complex shows that BFA binds at the protein-protein interface to inhibit conformational changes in ARF1 required for Sec7 to dislodge the GDP molecule.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	38-42
14654833-2	2003	Nucleotide dissociation from small G protein-GEF complexes involves transient GDP-bound intermediates whose structures have never been described.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	45-48
14654833-5	2003	The reactions proceed through sequential rotations of the Arf.GDP core towards the Sec7 catalytic site, and are blocked by interfacial binding of brefeldin A and unproductive stabilization of GDP by charge reversal.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	83-87
14654833-5	2003	The reactions proceed through sequential rotations of the Arf.GDP core towards the Sec7 catalytic site, and are blocked by interfacial binding of brefeldin A and unproductive stabilization of GDP by charge reversal.	Guanosine Diphosphate	192-195	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	83-87
14654841-2	2003	The assembly/disassembly cycle of the COPI coat on Golgi membranes is coupled to the GTP/GDP cycle of the small G protein Arf1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	122-126
14690595-1	2003	ARF GTPases are activated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) of the Sec7 family that promote the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	79-83
14675529-1	2003	The structure of the eukaryotic initiation factor eIF4E bound to a cognate domain of eIF4G and m(7)GDP in this issue of Cell shows that these factors undergo coupled folding to form a stable complex with high cap binding activity that promotes efficient ribosomal attachment to mRNA during translation initiation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	99-102	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E	Homo sapiens	50-55
14513355-2	2003	We have previously demonstrated that the LARG protein activates RhoA, a member of the Rho family of small GTPases, by catalyzing the exchange of GTP for GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 12	Mus musculus	41-45
14513355-2	2003	We have previously demonstrated that the LARG protein activates RhoA, a member of the Rho family of small GTPases, by catalyzing the exchange of GTP for GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	64-68
14600265-5	2003	Although the plasma membrane-localized activity of Rab5 was not detected by light microscopy, overexpression of a GDP-bound mutant of CFP-Rab5(S34N) inhibited internalization of the epidermal growth factor receptor by retaining receptors in clathrin-coated pits.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	138-142
14600265-5	2003	Although the plasma membrane-localized activity of Rab5 was not detected by light microscopy, overexpression of a GDP-bound mutant of CFP-Rab5(S34N) inhibited internalization of the epidermal growth factor receptor by retaining receptors in clathrin-coated pits.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	182-214
14690595-2	2003	Brefeldin A (BFA) is a fungal metabolite that binds to the ARF1*GDP*Sec7 complex and blocks GEF activity at an early stage of the reaction, prior to guanine nucleotide release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	59-63
14690595-2	2003	Brefeldin A (BFA) is a fungal metabolite that binds to the ARF1*GDP*Sec7 complex and blocks GEF activity at an early stage of the reaction, prior to guanine nucleotide release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	68-72
14690595-3	2003	The crystal structure of the ARF1*GDP*Sec7*BFA complex shows that BFA binds at the protein-protein interface to inhibit conformational changes in ARF1 required for Sec7 to dislodge the GDP molecule.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	146-150
14690595-3	2003	The crystal structure of the ARF1*GDP*Sec7*BFA complex shows that BFA binds at the protein-protein interface to inhibit conformational changes in ARF1 required for Sec7 to dislodge the GDP molecule.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	29-33
14690595-3	2003	The crystal structure of the ARF1*GDP*Sec7*BFA complex shows that BFA binds at the protein-protein interface to inhibit conformational changes in ARF1 required for Sec7 to dislodge the GDP molecule.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	164-168
14690595-3	2003	The crystal structure of the ARF1*GDP*Sec7*BFA complex shows that BFA binds at the protein-protein interface to inhibit conformational changes in ARF1 required for Sec7 to dislodge the GDP molecule.	Guanosine Diphosphate	185-188	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	29-33
14690595-3	2003	The crystal structure of the ARF1*GDP*Sec7*BFA complex shows that BFA binds at the protein-protein interface to inhibit conformational changes in ARF1 required for Sec7 to dislodge the GDP molecule.	Guanosine Diphosphate	185-188	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	38-42
14690595-3	2003	The crystal structure of the ARF1*GDP*Sec7*BFA complex shows that BFA binds at the protein-protein interface to inhibit conformational changes in ARF1 required for Sec7 to dislodge the GDP molecule.	Guanosine Diphosphate	185-188	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	146-150
14690595-3	2003	The crystal structure of the ARF1*GDP*Sec7*BFA complex shows that BFA binds at the protein-protein interface to inhibit conformational changes in ARF1 required for Sec7 to dislodge the GDP molecule.	Guanosine Diphosphate	185-188	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	164-168
14690595-4	2003	Based on a comparative analysis of the inhibited complex, nucleotide-free ARF1*Sec7 and ARF1*GDP, we suggest that, in addition to forcing nucleotide release, the ARF1-Sec7 binding energy is used to open a cavity on ARF1 to facilitate the rearrangement of hydrophobic core residues between the GDP and GTP conformations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	88-92
14690595-4	2003	Based on a comparative analysis of the inhibited complex, nucleotide-free ARF1*Sec7 and ARF1*GDP, we suggest that, in addition to forcing nucleotide release, the ARF1-Sec7 binding energy is used to open a cavity on ARF1 to facilitate the rearrangement of hydrophobic core residues between the GDP and GTP conformations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	88-92
14690595-4	2003	Based on a comparative analysis of the inhibited complex, nucleotide-free ARF1*Sec7 and ARF1*GDP, we suggest that, in addition to forcing nucleotide release, the ARF1-Sec7 binding energy is used to open a cavity on ARF1 to facilitate the rearrangement of hydrophobic core residues between the GDP and GTP conformations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	167-171
14690595-4	2003	Based on a comparative analysis of the inhibited complex, nucleotide-free ARF1*Sec7 and ARF1*GDP, we suggest that, in addition to forcing nucleotide release, the ARF1-Sec7 binding energy is used to open a cavity on ARF1 to facilitate the rearrangement of hydrophobic core residues between the GDP and GTP conformations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	88-92
14690595-4	2003	Based on a comparative analysis of the inhibited complex, nucleotide-free ARF1*Sec7 and ARF1*GDP, we suggest that, in addition to forcing nucleotide release, the ARF1-Sec7 binding energy is used to open a cavity on ARF1 to facilitate the rearrangement of hydrophobic core residues between the GDP and GTP conformations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	293-296	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	167-171
14622005-4	2003	Gln97 is located in the switch II region in the GDP/GTP binding domain of EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	74-79
14625559-6	2003	Moreover, polarization was dependent on GTP hydrolysis by Cdc42p, suggesting that assembly of a polarization site involves cycling of Cdc42p between GTP- and GDP-bound forms, rather than functioning as a simple on/off switch.	Guanosine Diphosphate	158-161	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	58-64
14625559-6	2003	Moreover, polarization was dependent on GTP hydrolysis by Cdc42p, suggesting that assembly of a polarization site involves cycling of Cdc42p between GTP- and GDP-bound forms, rather than functioning as a simple on/off switch.	Guanosine Diphosphate	158-161	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	134-140
12941939-2	2003	The reaction is catalyzed by Rab geranylgeranyltransferase (RGGT) and is assisted by the Rab escort proteins (REP), which form stable complexes with newly synthesized GDP-bound Rabs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	167-170	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	177-181
14627637-5	2003	Rab11b mutants that fix Rab11b in the GTP- or GDP-bound state both effectively inhibited Ca2+-induced exocytosis but seemed to act by distinct mechanisms: whereas GDP-bound Rab11b greatly stimulated constitutive secretion of hGH and depleted hGH stores in secretory vesicles, GTP-bound Rab11b only had a moderate effect on constitutive secretion and no effect on vesicular hGH stores.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	RAB11B, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
14627637-5	2003	Rab11b mutants that fix Rab11b in the GTP- or GDP-bound state both effectively inhibited Ca2+-induced exocytosis but seemed to act by distinct mechanisms: whereas GDP-bound Rab11b greatly stimulated constitutive secretion of hGH and depleted hGH stores in secretory vesicles, GTP-bound Rab11b only had a moderate effect on constitutive secretion and no effect on vesicular hGH stores.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	RAB11B, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	24-30
14627637-5	2003	Rab11b mutants that fix Rab11b in the GTP- or GDP-bound state both effectively inhibited Ca2+-induced exocytosis but seemed to act by distinct mechanisms: whereas GDP-bound Rab11b greatly stimulated constitutive secretion of hGH and depleted hGH stores in secretory vesicles, GTP-bound Rab11b only had a moderate effect on constitutive secretion and no effect on vesicular hGH stores.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	RAB11B, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	24-30
14627637-5	2003	Rab11b mutants that fix Rab11b in the GTP- or GDP-bound state both effectively inhibited Ca2+-induced exocytosis but seemed to act by distinct mechanisms: whereas GDP-bound Rab11b greatly stimulated constitutive secretion of hGH and depleted hGH stores in secretory vesicles, GTP-bound Rab11b only had a moderate effect on constitutive secretion and no effect on vesicular hGH stores.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	RAB11B, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	24-30
14627637-5	2003	Rab11b mutants that fix Rab11b in the GTP- or GDP-bound state both effectively inhibited Ca2+-induced exocytosis but seemed to act by distinct mechanisms: whereas GDP-bound Rab11b greatly stimulated constitutive secretion of hGH and depleted hGH stores in secretory vesicles, GTP-bound Rab11b only had a moderate effect on constitutive secretion and no effect on vesicular hGH stores.	Guanosine Diphosphate	163-166	RAB11B, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
14627637-5	2003	Rab11b mutants that fix Rab11b in the GTP- or GDP-bound state both effectively inhibited Ca2+-induced exocytosis but seemed to act by distinct mechanisms: whereas GDP-bound Rab11b greatly stimulated constitutive secretion of hGH and depleted hGH stores in secretory vesicles, GTP-bound Rab11b only had a moderate effect on constitutive secretion and no effect on vesicular hGH stores.	Guanosine Diphosphate	163-166	RAB11B, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	24-30
14627637-5	2003	Rab11b mutants that fix Rab11b in the GTP- or GDP-bound state both effectively inhibited Ca2+-induced exocytosis but seemed to act by distinct mechanisms: whereas GDP-bound Rab11b greatly stimulated constitutive secretion of hGH and depleted hGH stores in secretory vesicles, GTP-bound Rab11b only had a moderate effect on constitutive secretion and no effect on vesicular hGH stores.	Guanosine Diphosphate	163-166	RAB11B, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	24-30
14627637-5	2003	Rab11b mutants that fix Rab11b in the GTP- or GDP-bound state both effectively inhibited Ca2+-induced exocytosis but seemed to act by distinct mechanisms: whereas GDP-bound Rab11b greatly stimulated constitutive secretion of hGH and depleted hGH stores in secretory vesicles, GTP-bound Rab11b only had a moderate effect on constitutive secretion and no effect on vesicular hGH stores.	Guanosine Diphosphate	163-166	RAB11B, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	24-30
14627637-6	2003	These results suggest that, consistent with a GTP-dependent regulation of Rab function, GDP-bound Rab11b indirectly inhibits Ca2+-triggered exocytosis by causing the loss of hGH from the PC12 cells, whereas GTP-bound Rab11b directly impairs Ca2+-triggered exocytosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	RAB11a, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	74-77
14627637-6	2003	These results suggest that, consistent with a GTP-dependent regulation of Rab function, GDP-bound Rab11b indirectly inhibits Ca2+-triggered exocytosis by causing the loss of hGH from the PC12 cells, whereas GTP-bound Rab11b directly impairs Ca2+-triggered exocytosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	RAB11B, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	98-104
14627637-6	2003	These results suggest that, consistent with a GTP-dependent regulation of Rab function, GDP-bound Rab11b indirectly inhibits Ca2+-triggered exocytosis by causing the loss of hGH from the PC12 cells, whereas GTP-bound Rab11b directly impairs Ca2+-triggered exocytosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	RAB11B, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	217-223
14627637-7	2003	In contrast to neuroendocrine PC12 cells in which GTP- and GDP-bound Rab11b inhibited Ca2+-induced, but not constitutive, exocytosis, in non-neuronal cells GTP- and GDP-bound Rab11b inhibited constitutive exocytosis and caused an accumulation of cellular hGH.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	RAB11B, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	69-75
14627637-7	2003	In contrast to neuroendocrine PC12 cells in which GTP- and GDP-bound Rab11b inhibited Ca2+-induced, but not constitutive, exocytosis, in non-neuronal cells GTP- and GDP-bound Rab11b inhibited constitutive exocytosis and caused an accumulation of cellular hGH.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	RAB11B, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	69-75
14506738-7	2003	Mutant K-ras genes were expressed at high levels in E. coli and the mutant K-ras proteins were shown to be functional with respect to their well-known specific, high-affinity, GDP/GTP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	7-12
12960428-0	2003	The GTP/GDP cycling of rho GTPase TCL is an essential regulator of the early endocytic pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	8-11	ras homolog family member J	Homo sapiens	34-37
14623968-7	2003	Our results show that TCTP preferentially stabilized the GDP form of eEF1A, and, furthermore, impaired the GDP exchange reaction promoted by eEF1Bbeta.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	tumor protein, translationally-controlled 1	Homo sapiens	22-26
14623968-7	2003	Our results show that TCTP preferentially stabilized the GDP form of eEF1A, and, furthermore, impaired the GDP exchange reaction promoted by eEF1Bbeta.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	69-74
14623968-7	2003	Our results show that TCTP preferentially stabilized the GDP form of eEF1A, and, furthermore, impaired the GDP exchange reaction promoted by eEF1Bbeta.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	tumor protein, translationally-controlled 1	Homo sapiens	22-26
14506738-7	2003	Mutant K-ras genes were expressed at high levels in E. coli and the mutant K-ras proteins were shown to be functional with respect to their well-known specific, high-affinity, GDP/GTP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	75-80
14622005-8	2003	The Q97P variant bound GDP more tightly than the wild-type EF-Tu with K(d) values of 7.5 and 12 nM, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	59-64
14622005-9	2003	The intrinsic rate of GDP exchange was 2-3-fold lower for the Q97P variant than for wild-type EF-Tu in the absence of elongation factor Ts (EF-Ts).	Guanosine Diphosphate	22-25	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	94-99
14622005-10	2003	Addition of EF-Ts equalized the GDP exchange rate between the variant and wild-type EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	84-89
12869544-3	2003	Toc33 may also form GDP-bound homodimers, as suggested by the crystal structure of its pea ortholog.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	translocon at the outer envelope membrane of chloroplasts 33	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-5
14705778-1	2003	Guanylate kinase is a critical enzyme in the biosynthesis of guanosine 5"-triphosphate (GTP) and dGTP and is responsible for the phosphorylation of guanosine 5"-monophosphate (GMP) and dGMP to guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP) and dGDP, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	193-217	guanylate kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-16
14705778-1	2003	Guanylate kinase is a critical enzyme in the biosynthesis of guanosine 5"-triphosphate (GTP) and dGTP and is responsible for the phosphorylation of guanosine 5"-monophosphate (GMP) and dGMP to guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP) and dGDP, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	219-222	guanylate kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-16
12920122-8	2003	Ligand-dependent activation of Mer in human monocytes led to Vav1 release and stimulated GDP replacement by GTP on RhoA family members.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	115-119
12915445-5	2003	Contrasting with other GAPs, OCRL1 RhoGAP exhibited a significant interaction with GDP bound Rac in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	OCRL, inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase	Mus musculus	29-34
12915445-5	2003	Contrasting with other GAPs, OCRL1 RhoGAP exhibited a significant interaction with GDP bound Rac in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	Rho GTPase activating protein 36	Mus musculus	35-41
12915445-5	2003	Contrasting with other GAPs, OCRL1 RhoGAP exhibited a significant interaction with GDP bound Rac in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	93-96
15012688-5	2003	In patients treated with high GDP solution, there was significant increase in VEGF with time (time = 1 month, 67.2 +/- 10.8; time = 6 months, 189.8 +/- 90.2; and time = 12 months, 169.3 +/- 83.1 pg/mg of protein; P < 0.05).	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	78-82
15012688-7	2003	Significantly higher concentrations of CA125 (65.5 +/- 10.4 vs. 19.7 +/- 2.6 at 1 month, P < 0.0001; 66.6 +/- 9.8 vs. 29.7 +/- 5.0 at 6 months, P < 0.01; 68.7 +/- 10.5 vs. 30.7 +/- 10.0 U/mL at 12 months, P < 0.01) and lower concentrations of HA (114.6 +/- 18.8 vs. 254.3 +/- 69.2 at 1 month, P < 0.05; 417.5 +/- 57.2 vs. 1277.5 +/- 367.9 ng/mg of protein at 12 month, P < 0.05) were observed in the low GDP group compared with the high GDP group.	Guanosine Diphosphate	419-422	mucin 16, cell surface associated	Homo sapiens	39-44
15012688-7	2003	Significantly higher concentrations of CA125 (65.5 +/- 10.4 vs. 19.7 +/- 2.6 at 1 month, P < 0.0001; 66.6 +/- 9.8 vs. 29.7 +/- 5.0 at 6 months, P < 0.01; 68.7 +/- 10.5 vs. 30.7 +/- 10.0 U/mL at 12 months, P < 0.01) and lower concentrations of HA (114.6 +/- 18.8 vs. 254.3 +/- 69.2 at 1 month, P < 0.05; 417.5 +/- 57.2 vs. 1277.5 +/- 367.9 ng/mg of protein at 12 month, P < 0.05) were observed in the low GDP group compared with the high GDP group.	Guanosine Diphosphate	452-455	mucin 16, cell surface associated	Homo sapiens	39-44
14576545-7	2003	METHODS: The function of hA1Rs stably expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells was determined with assays of cyclic adenosine monophosphate, receptor binding, and guanosine diphosphate/guanosine triphosphate gamma35S exchange by using reconstituted defined G protein subunits.	Guanosine Diphosphate	163-184	BCL2 related protein A1	Homo sapiens	25-28
12920129-1	2003	The ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) small GTPase functions as a GDP/GTP-regulated switch in the pathways that stimulate actin reorganization and membrane ruffling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	4-29
12920129-1	2003	The ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) small GTPase functions as a GDP/GTP-regulated switch in the pathways that stimulate actin reorganization and membrane ruffling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	31-35
12972505-1	2003	The small GTPase Rab5, which cycles between active (GTP-bound) and inactive (GDP-bound) states, plays essential roles in membrane budding and trafficking in the early endocytic pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	17-21
14529283-4	2003	Consistent with the enzyme expressed in mammalian cells, this recombinant NTPDase6 efficiently hydrolyzes GDP, IDP, and UDP (specific activity of approximately 50000 micromol mg(-1) h(-1)), with slower hydrolysis of CDP, ITP, GTP, CTP, ADP, and UTP and virtually no hydrolysis of ATP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 6	Homo sapiens	74-82
14529283-4	2003	Consistent with the enzyme expressed in mammalian cells, this recombinant NTPDase6 efficiently hydrolyzes GDP, IDP, and UDP (specific activity of approximately 50000 micromol mg(-1) h(-1)), with slower hydrolysis of CDP, ITP, GTP, CTP, ADP, and UTP and virtually no hydrolysis of ATP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	cut like homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	216-219
14529283-5	2003	The K(m) for GDP (130 +/- 30 microM) is similar to that determined for the soluble rat NTPDase6 expressed in mammalian cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	13-16	ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 6	Rattus norvegicus	87-95
13679863-7	2003	Transfection with enhanced GFP-tagged constitutively active and inactive forms of rap1B demonstrated that the active GTP-bound form translocates to the nucleus whereas inactive rap1B(GDP) is retained in the cytoplasm, much of which is in a perinuclear distribution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	183-186	RAP1B, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	82-87
12860983-5	2003	By surface plasmon resonance, we found that ferric Ngb, which is generated spontaneously as a result of the rapid autoxidation, binds exclusively to the GDP-bound form of the alpha subunit of heterotrimeric G protein (Galphai).	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	51-54
12860983-6	2003	In GDP dissociation assays or guanosine 5"-O-(3-thio)triphosphate binding assays, ferric Ngb behaved as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI), inhibiting the rate of exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	3-6	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	89-92
12860983-6	2003	In GDP dissociation assays or guanosine 5"-O-(3-thio)triphosphate binding assays, ferric Ngb behaved as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI), inhibiting the rate of exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	190-193	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	89-92
12860983-7	2003	The interaction of GDP-bound Galphai with ferric Ngb will liberate Gbetagamma, leading to protection against neuronal death.	Guanosine Diphosphate	19-22	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	49-52
13679863-7	2003	Transfection with enhanced GFP-tagged constitutively active and inactive forms of rap1B demonstrated that the active GTP-bound form translocates to the nucleus whereas inactive rap1B(GDP) is retained in the cytoplasm, much of which is in a perinuclear distribution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	183-186	RAP1B, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	177-182
12783872-11	2003	We conclude that Epac signals to the JNK cascade through a new mechanism that does not involve its canonical catalytic action, i.e. Rap-specific GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	145-148	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	17-21
12957652-7	2003	Based on the present results and published data, we estimate that the strongest inhibitors, dGDP and dADP, at physiological concentrations not exceeding 5 microM and GDP at mean concentration of 30 microM, taken together, can decrease the cellular hMTH1 enzymatic activity vs. 8-oxo-dGTP (expected to remain below 500 pM) by up to 15%.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	nudix hydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	248-253
12807915-6	2003	G beta 1 gamma 2 interacted preferentially with tubulin-GDP, whereas G alpha q was transactivated by tubulin-GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	succinate-CoA ligase GDP-forming subunit beta	Homo sapiens	0-6
12760905-6	2003	Moreover, expression of the constitutively active form of Cdc42 (Q61L) inhibited glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, whereas the dominant negative form (T17N) was without effect, suggesting that glucose-stimulated insulin secretion requires Cdc42 cycling to the GDP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	264-267	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	58-63
12783872-11	2003	We conclude that Epac signals to the JNK cascade through a new mechanism that does not involve its canonical catalytic action, i.e. Rap-specific GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	145-148	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	37-40
12783872-11	2003	We conclude that Epac signals to the JNK cascade through a new mechanism that does not involve its canonical catalytic action, i.e. Rap-specific GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	145-148	LDL receptor related protein associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	132-135
12972567-8	2003	Both haploid and homologous diploid arf3 mutants exhibit a random budding defect, and the overexpression of the GTP-bound form Arf3p(Q71L) or GDP-binding defective Arf3p(T31N) mutant interfered with budding-site selection.	Guanosine Diphosphate	142-145	Arf family GTPase ARF3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	164-169
12917347-0	2003	The critical cis-acting element required for IMD2 feedback regulation by GDP is a TATA box located 202 nucleotides upstream of the transcription start site.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	IMP dehydrogenase IMD2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	45-49
12865434-5	2003	We measured the effect of the GDP-restricted mutant of Rab6A (Rab6A-T27N) on the cytotoxic activity of ricin and found that expressing Rab6A-T27N in cells did not inhibit the cytotoxicity of ricin, suggesting that ricin enters the cytoplasm by a retrograde pathway that does not involve Rab6A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	RAB6A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	55-60
12865434-5	2003	We measured the effect of the GDP-restricted mutant of Rab6A (Rab6A-T27N) on the cytotoxic activity of ricin and found that expressing Rab6A-T27N in cells did not inhibit the cytotoxicity of ricin, suggesting that ricin enters the cytoplasm by a retrograde pathway that does not involve Rab6A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	RAB6A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	55-59
12865434-5	2003	We measured the effect of the GDP-restricted mutant of Rab6A (Rab6A-T27N) on the cytotoxic activity of ricin and found that expressing Rab6A-T27N in cells did not inhibit the cytotoxicity of ricin, suggesting that ricin enters the cytoplasm by a retrograde pathway that does not involve Rab6A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	RAB6A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	62-67
12865434-5	2003	We measured the effect of the GDP-restricted mutant of Rab6A (Rab6A-T27N) on the cytotoxic activity of ricin and found that expressing Rab6A-T27N in cells did not inhibit the cytotoxicity of ricin, suggesting that ricin enters the cytoplasm by a retrograde pathway that does not involve Rab6A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	RAB6A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	62-67
12878844-0	2003	Backbone 1H, 13C, and 15N resonance assignments for the 21 kDa GTPase Rac1 complexed to GDP and Mg2+.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	70-74
12883532-3	2003	In this study, we tested whether overexpression of N-terminally truncated phosducin (nt-del-phosducin), another Gbetagamma-binding protein that does not resensitize betaARs owing to simultaneous inhibition of GDP release from Galpha subunits, shows the same effects as betaARKct.	Guanosine Diphosphate	209-212	phosducin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	74-83
12912909-6	2003	The GDP-sensitive proton conductance induced by hydroxynonenal correlated with tissue expression of UCPs, appeared in yeast mitochondria expressing UCP1 and was absent in skeletal muscle mitochondria from UCP3 knockout mice.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	148-152
12912909-6	2003	The GDP-sensitive proton conductance induced by hydroxynonenal correlated with tissue expression of UCPs, appeared in yeast mitochondria expressing UCP1 and was absent in skeletal muscle mitochondria from UCP3 knockout mice.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	uncoupling protein 3 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	205-209
12847085-4	2003	Rom2p, the GDP/GTP exchange factor of Rho1p, is preferentially localized on the plasma membrane even when vesicular transport is blocked.	Guanosine Diphosphate	11-14	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor ROM2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-5
12831845-4	2003	This effect of BSA is mediated by decreasing the rate of GDP dissociation from Galpha(s) and decreasing the rate of GTP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	79-85
12732635-4	2003	IIGP1 binds to GTP and GDP with dissociation constants in the micromolar range with at least 10 times higher affinity for GDP than for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	interferon inducible GTPase 1	Mus musculus	0-5
12732635-4	2003	IIGP1 binds to GTP and GDP with dissociation constants in the micromolar range with at least 10 times higher affinity for GDP than for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	interferon inducible GTPase 1	Mus musculus	0-5
12732635-5	2003	IIGP1 hydrolyzes GTP to GDP, and the GTPase activity is concentration-dependent with a GTP turnover rate of 2 min-1 under saturating protein concentrations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	interferon inducible GTPase 1	Mus musculus	0-5
12847085-4	2003	Rom2p, the GDP/GTP exchange factor of Rho1p, is preferentially localized on the plasma membrane even when vesicular transport is blocked.	Guanosine Diphosphate	11-14	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	38-43
12798417-9	2003	RGS domain of C2-RGS bound to mammalian and C. elegans Galphai/o and Galphaq subunits only in the presence of GDP/AlF(4)(-), and had GAP activity to Galphai3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	RGS domain-containing protein;Regulator of G-protein signaling rgs-1	Caenorhabditis elegans	0-3
12873722-3	2003	DLC1 (deleted in liver cancer), a gene in this interval, has been proposed as a candidate tumor suppressor gene because of its homology (86% similarity) with rat p122 RhoGAP, which catalyzes the conversion of active GTP-bound rho complex to the inactive GDP-bound form, and thus suppresses Ras-mediated oncogenic transformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	254-257	DLC1 Rho GTPase activating protein	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
12873722-3	2003	DLC1 (deleted in liver cancer), a gene in this interval, has been proposed as a candidate tumor suppressor gene because of its homology (86% similarity) with rat p122 RhoGAP, which catalyzes the conversion of active GTP-bound rho complex to the inactive GDP-bound form, and thus suppresses Ras-mediated oncogenic transformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	254-257	DLC1 Rho GTPase activating protein	Rattus norvegicus	162-173
12913296-3	2003	The EF-1alpha-bound GDP is then exchanged for GTP by the EF-1betagammadelta complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	elongation factor 1-alpha	Bombyx mori	4-13
12913296-4	2003	To facilitate analysis of the roles of the individual EF-1beta, gamma, and delta subunits in GDP/GTP exchange on EF-1alpha, we cloned the cDNAs for these subunits and expressed them in Escherichia coli.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	elongation factor 1-alpha	Bombyx mori	113-122
12834345-2	2003	Thiol reactive EPR and fluorescent probes were attached to each site as local reporters of mobility and conformational changes upon activation of Galpha(i)GDP by AlF(4)(-), as well as binding to Gbetagamma.	Guanosine Diphosphate	155-158	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	146-152
12832082-9	2003	In addition, cysteine residues of Galpha(s/olf) are easily accessible to modification when the subunit is in the GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	G protein subunit alpha L	Rattus norvegicus	43-46
12839989-7	2003	Comparison of the structures of GppNHp- and GDP-bound RalA suggests a nucleotide-dependent switch mechanism for Sec5 binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	54-58
12839989-7	2003	Comparison of the structures of GppNHp- and GDP-bound RalA suggests a nucleotide-dependent switch mechanism for Sec5 binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	exocyst complex component 2	Homo sapiens	112-116
12759371-5	2003	Guanine nucleotides exchanged into the Rab4 present on the vesicles as shown by solubilization of Rab4 by Rab-GDI; solubilization was inhibited by incubation with GTP-gamma-S and promoted by GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	191-194	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	39-43
12759371-5	2003	Guanine nucleotides exchanged into the Rab4 present on the vesicles as shown by solubilization of Rab4 by Rab-GDI; solubilization was inhibited by incubation with GTP-gamma-S and promoted by GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	191-194	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	98-102
12759371-7	2003	This increase in motility from GDP was shown to be towards the minus end of microtubules, possibly through activation of the minus-end-directed kinesin, KIFC2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	kinesin family member C2	Homo sapiens	153-158
12719437-2	2003	Each GPR motif binds to the alpha subunit of Gi/Go (Gialpha > Goalpha) stabilizing the GDP-bound conformation of Galpha and apparently competing with Gbetagamma for GalphaGDP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	116-122
12814548-12	2003	Finally, we show that the GPR domain of GPR-1 and GPR-2 behaves as a GDP dissociation inhibitor for GOA-1, and its activity is thus similar to that of mammalian AGS3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	chemerin chemokine-like receptor 2	Homo sapiens	40-45
12814548-12	2003	Finally, we show that the GPR domain of GPR-1 and GPR-2 behaves as a GDP dissociation inhibitor for GOA-1, and its activity is thus similar to that of mammalian AGS3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	C-C motif chemokine receptor 10	Homo sapiens	50-55
12814548-12	2003	Finally, we show that the GPR domain of GPR-1 and GPR-2 behaves as a GDP dissociation inhibitor for GOA-1, and its activity is thus similar to that of mammalian AGS3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	OS4	Homo sapiens	100-105
12786944-0	2003	A novel rabconnectin-3-binding protein that directly binds a GDP/GTP exchange protein for Rab3A small G protein implicated in Ca(2+)-dependent exocytosis of neurotransmitter.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	65-85
12692085-5	2003	Indeed, T3-treatment induced an UCP3-dependent decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, which was abolished by the addition of either GDP or superoxide dismutase (SOD).	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-142	uncoupling protein 3	Rattus norvegicus	32-36
12750478-4	2003	GPR-1/2 interacted with guanosine diphosphate-bound GOA-1 and were enriched on the posterior cortex in a par-3- and par-2-dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-45	G-protein regulator 1	Caenorhabditis elegans	0-7
12750478-4	2003	GPR-1/2 interacted with guanosine diphosphate-bound GOA-1 and were enriched on the posterior cortex in a par-3- and par-2-dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-45	Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha	Caenorhabditis elegans	52-57
12642577-1	2003	AGS3 contains GoLoco or G-protein regulatory motifs in its COOH-terminal half that stabilize the GDP-bound conformation of the alpha-subunit of the trimeric Gi3 protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
12786944-0	2003	A novel rabconnectin-3-binding protein that directly binds a GDP/GTP exchange protein for Rab3A small G protein implicated in Ca(2+)-dependent exocytosis of neurotransmitter.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	90-95
12730122-3	2003	GPR-1/GPR-2 contain a GoLoco/GPR motif that mediates interaction with GDP-bound Galpha(i/o).	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	G-protein regulator 1	Caenorhabditis elegans	0-5
12741849-6	2003	The highest affinity for dimerization was for the heterodimer between Toc33 and Toc34 in the absence of GTP or GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	translocon at the outer envelope membrane of chloroplasts 33	Arabidopsis thaliana	70-75
12741849-7	2003	Both proteins, atToc33 and atToc34, bind GTP with significantly higher affinity than GDP and are able to hydrolyze GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	translocon at the outer envelope membrane of chloroplasts 33	Arabidopsis thaliana	15-22
12741849-7	2003	Both proteins, atToc33 and atToc34, bind GTP with significantly higher affinity than GDP and are able to hydrolyze GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	translocon at the outer envelope membrane of chloroplasts 34	Arabidopsis thaliana	27-34
12730122-3	2003	GPR-1/GPR-2 contain a GoLoco/GPR motif that mediates interaction with GDP-bound Galpha(i/o).	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	G-protein regulator 2	Caenorhabditis elegans	6-11
12938820-18	2003	Upon short exposure to a single GDP, MCs react with enhanced cytotoxic damage and a proinflammatory response, evidenced by increased VCAM-1 expression and elevated production of IL-6 and IL-8.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	133-139
12938820-18	2003	Upon short exposure to a single GDP, MCs react with enhanced cytotoxic damage and a proinflammatory response, evidenced by increased VCAM-1 expression and elevated production of IL-6 and IL-8.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	178-182
12938820-18	2003	Upon short exposure to a single GDP, MCs react with enhanced cytotoxic damage and a proinflammatory response, evidenced by increased VCAM-1 expression and elevated production of IL-6 and IL-8.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	187-191
12622721-7	2003	Expression of a dominant active or dominant negative mutant of RSR1 also inhibited the growth of the gic1 gic2 mutant, suggesting that cycling of Rsr1p between the GTP- and GDP-bound forms is required for budding initiation in the gic1 gic2 mutant.	Guanosine Diphosphate	173-176	Ras family GTPase RSR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	63-67
12590134-0	2003	Slp4-a/granuphilin-a inhibits dense-core vesicle exocytosis through interaction with the GDP-bound form of Rab27A in PC12 cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	107-113
12590134-9	2003	The results strongly indicate that interaction of Slp4-a with the GDP-bound form of Rab27A, not with syntaxin IA or Munc18-1, is the primary reason that Slp4-a expression inhibits dense core vesicle exocytosis in PC12 cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	84-90
12699621-5	2003	This segregation helps keep Tem1p in its inactive GDP state until the spindle enters the neck.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	Ras family GTPase TEM1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	28-33
18758708-4	2003	Protein-protein binding experiments using CaM-Sepharose affinity media revealed that G(o)alpha GDP bound GAP-43 directly to form intermolecular complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	growth associated protein 43	Bos taurus	105-111
18758708-8	2003	Our results indicated that GAP-43 induced conformational change of G(o)alpha GDP so as to accelerate GDP release and subsequent GTPgammaS binding, which activates G proteins to trigger signal transduction and amplification.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	growth associated protein 43	Bos taurus	27-33
18758708-8	2003	Our results indicated that GAP-43 induced conformational change of G(o)alpha GDP so as to accelerate GDP release and subsequent GTPgammaS binding, which activates G proteins to trigger signal transduction and amplification.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	growth associated protein 43	Bos taurus	27-33
12509430-7	2003	Ric-8A interacts with GDP-bound Galpha proteins, stimulates release of GDP, and forms a stable nucleotide-free transition state complex with the Galpha protein; this complex dissociates upon binding of GTP to Galpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	22-25	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	0-6
12509430-7	2003	Ric-8A interacts with GDP-bound Galpha proteins, stimulates release of GDP, and forms a stable nucleotide-free transition state complex with the Galpha protein; this complex dissociates upon binding of GTP to Galpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	22-25	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	32-38
12724231-2	2003	ARHI and Ras share similar GTP/GDP binding domains, but exert opposite functions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	DIRAS family GTPase 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
12770769-4	2003	Protection against the action of PLG, PLP and sulfhydryl modifying reagents was offered by GDP-fucose, GDP, and the acceptor substrate, a transferrin-derived biantennary glycopeptide with terminal GlcNAc residues.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	pyridoxal phosphatase	Homo sapiens	38-41
12622721-4	2003	Previous observations suggested that Rsr1p-GTP recruits Cdc24p, a GDP/GTP exchange factor for Cdc42p, at the incipient bud site.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	Ras family GTPase RSR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	37-42
12622721-4	2003	Previous observations suggested that Rsr1p-GTP recruits Cdc24p, a GDP/GTP exchange factor for Cdc42p, at the incipient bud site.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC24	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	56-62
12622721-4	2003	Previous observations suggested that Rsr1p-GTP recruits Cdc24p, a GDP/GTP exchange factor for Cdc42p, at the incipient bud site.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	94-100
12680752-5	2003	The GEF sensors yield up to 1.7-fold changes in FRET upon exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	4-7
12692008-7	2003	Monocyte adhesion rapidly upregulated the membrane translocation and GTP/GDP exchange of RhoA, but not of Cdc42 or Rac, in endothelial cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	89-93
12654246-8	2003	The results suggest that the GTP/GDP switch cycle of SR beta functions as a regulatory switch for the receptor dimerization.	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-36	chaperonin containing TCP1 subunit 4	Homo sapiens	53-60
12629518-6	2003	EGF-dependent GTP/GDP exchange activity for Ras was suppressed in the Gab1-/- cells and expression of a constitutively active Sos restored ERK activation in these cells, indicating that Gab1 functions upstream of Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	18-21	growth factor receptor bound protein 2-associated protein 1	Mus musculus	70-74
12629518-6	2003	EGF-dependent GTP/GDP exchange activity for Ras was suppressed in the Gab1-/- cells and expression of a constitutively active Sos restored ERK activation in these cells, indicating that Gab1 functions upstream of Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	18-21	growth factor receptor bound protein 2-associated protein 1	Mus musculus	186-190
12622721-7	2003	Expression of a dominant active or dominant negative mutant of RSR1 also inhibited the growth of the gic1 gic2 mutant, suggesting that cycling of Rsr1p between the GTP- and GDP-bound forms is required for budding initiation in the gic1 gic2 mutant.	Guanosine Diphosphate	173-176	Gic1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	101-110
12622721-7	2003	Expression of a dominant active or dominant negative mutant of RSR1 also inhibited the growth of the gic1 gic2 mutant, suggesting that cycling of Rsr1p between the GTP- and GDP-bound forms is required for budding initiation in the gic1 gic2 mutant.	Guanosine Diphosphate	173-176	Gic1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	231-240
12471028-0	2003	Dissociation of GDP dissociation inhibitor and membrane translocation are required for efficient activation of Rac by the Dbl homology-pleckstrin homology region of Tiam.	Guanosine Diphosphate	16-19	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	111-114
12486123-11	2003	We conclude that NDPK B forms complexes with Gbetagamma dimers and contributes to G protein activation by increasing the high energetic phosphate transfer onto GDP via intermediately phosphorylated His-266 in Gbeta(1) subunits.	Guanosine Diphosphate	160-163	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 1	Bos taurus	17-21
12598904-2	2003	Ligand-bound receptors catalyse GDP/GTP exchange on the G-protein alpha-subunit (Galpha), leading to alpha-GTP separation from the betagamma subunits and pathway activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	81-87
12598904-4	2003	Regulators of G-protein signalling (RGS proteins) are known to modulate the level and duration of ligand-induced signalling by accelerating the intrinsic GTPase activity of the Galpha subunit, and thus reformation of the inactive GDP-bound Galpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	230-233	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	36-39
12598904-4	2003	Regulators of G-protein signalling (RGS proteins) are known to modulate the level and duration of ligand-induced signalling by accelerating the intrinsic GTPase activity of the Galpha subunit, and thus reformation of the inactive GDP-bound Galpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	230-233	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	177-183
12446706-4	2003	This results in local depletion of inactive heterotrimeric G-GDP, which is reversed by RGS GAP activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	87-90
12446706-10	2003	Near the receptor, G protein activity is maintained even with RGS due to the ability of RGS to reduce depletion of local Galpha-GDP levels permitting rapid recoupling to receptor and maintained G protein activation near the receptor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	62-65
12446706-10	2003	Near the receptor, G protein activity is maintained even with RGS due to the ability of RGS to reduce depletion of local Galpha-GDP levels permitting rapid recoupling to receptor and maintained G protein activation near the receptor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	88-91
12446706-11	2003	In contrast, distant signals are suppressed by the RGS, since Galpha-GDP is not depleted there.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	51-54
12475976-0	2003	The guanine nucleotide exchange factor trio activates the phagocyte NADPH oxidase in the absence of GDP to GTP exchange on Rac.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	39-43
12475976-6	2003	1) The Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor Trio markedly potentiates oxidase activation by prenylated Rac1-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	7-10
12475976-6	2003	1) The Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor Trio markedly potentiates oxidase activation by prenylated Rac1-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor	Homo sapiens	46-50
12475976-6	2003	1) The Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor Trio markedly potentiates oxidase activation by prenylated Rac1-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	105-109
12471028-4	2003	We show that both non-prenylated Rac-GDP and the soluble complex between prenylated Rac-GDP and GDI are poorly activated by the Dbl homology-pleckstrin homology (DH-PH) domain of the exchange factor Tiam1, whereas prenylated Rac-GDP bound to liposomes is activated about 10 times more rapidly.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	33-36
12471028-6	2003	Taken together, these experiments demonstrate that the dissociation of Rac-GDP from GDI and its translocation to membrane lipids favor DH-PH-catalyzed nucleotide exchange because the steric hindrance caused by GDI is relieved and because the membrane environment favors functional interaction between the DH-PH domain and the small G protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	71-74
12501186-2	2002	We have determined the three-dimensional structure of the MUR1 dehydratase isoform from Arabidopsis thaliana complexed with its NADPH cofactor as well as with the ligands GDP and GDP-D-rhamnose.	Guanosine Diphosphate	171-174	NAD(P)-binding Rossmann-fold superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	58-62
12538863-6	2003	YopT cleaves GTP- and GDP-bound forms of RhoA equally, suggesting that the cleavage does not depend upon the conformation status of the GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	22-25	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	41-45
12535645-10	2003	These results support the hypothesis that Rabs bind REP via conserved RabF motifs and provide a molecular explanation for the preferential recognition of the GDP-bound conformation of Rab by REP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	158-161	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	42-46
12535645-10	2003	These results support the hypothesis that Rabs bind REP via conserved RabF motifs and provide a molecular explanation for the preferential recognition of the GDP-bound conformation of Rab by REP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	158-161	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	42-45
12576024-8	2003	To understand the conformational changes in Rab protein on complex formation we also crystallized the GDP-bound form of Rab7 that diffracted to at least 1.8A on the in-house X-ray source.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	ArfGAP with FG repeats 1	Homo sapiens	44-47
12576024-8	2003	To understand the conformational changes in Rab protein on complex formation we also crystallized the GDP-bound form of Rab7 that diffracted to at least 1.8A on the in-house X-ray source.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	120-124
12501193-2	2002	The cycling of Cdc42 between its on (GTP-bound) and off (GDP-bound) states is essential for its stimulation of cell growth and transformation, with an important aspect of this cycle being the regulation of the GTP hydrolytic activity of Cdc42 by its GTPase-activating protein (Cdc42GAP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	15-20
12501193-2	2002	The cycling of Cdc42 between its on (GTP-bound) and off (GDP-bound) states is essential for its stimulation of cell growth and transformation, with an important aspect of this cycle being the regulation of the GTP hydrolytic activity of Cdc42 by its GTPase-activating protein (Cdc42GAP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	237-242
12445479-0	2002	Isolation, crystallisation, and preliminary X-ray analysis of the bovine mitochondrial EF-Tu:GDP and EF-Tu:EF-Ts complexes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Bos taurus	87-92
12445479-4	2002	The crystals of the EF-Tu:GDP complex diffract to 1.94 A and belong to space group P2(1) with cell parameters a=59.09 A, b=119.78 A, c=128.89 A and beta=96.978 degrees.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Bos taurus	20-25
12432064-10	2002	Finally, all SARA-mediated phenotypic changes can be counteracted by overexpression Rab5:GDP mutant Rab5S34N.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	zinc finger FYVE-type containing 9	Homo sapiens	13-17
12432064-10	2002	Finally, all SARA-mediated phenotypic changes can be counteracted by overexpression Rab5:GDP mutant Rab5S34N.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	84-88
12414990-7	2002	When expressed in COS-7 cells, mutant hARL5(T35N), which is predicted to be GDP bound, was concentrated in nucleoli.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 5A	Homo sapiens	38-43
12463746-2	2002	This sequence is well-conserved among most of eukaryal and eubacterial counterparts, and in the three-dimensional structure of SsEF-1alpha, V114 is located in a hydrophobic pocket near the first GDP-binding consensus sequence G(13)XXXXGK[T,S] [Vitagliano, L., Masullo, M., Sica, F., Zagari, A., and Bocchini, V. (2001) EMBO J.	Guanosine Diphosphate	195-198	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	127-138
12432077-5	2002	Importantly, we have identified several novel homologues of DOCK180 that possess this domain and found that many of them directly bind to and exchange GDP for GTP both in vitro and in vivo on either Rac or another Rho-family member, Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	151-154	dedicator of cytokinesis 1	Homo sapiens	60-67
12432077-5	2002	Importantly, we have identified several novel homologues of DOCK180 that possess this domain and found that many of them directly bind to and exchange GDP for GTP both in vitro and in vivo on either Rac or another Rho-family member, Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	151-154	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	199-202
12432077-5	2002	Importantly, we have identified several novel homologues of DOCK180 that possess this domain and found that many of them directly bind to and exchange GDP for GTP both in vitro and in vivo on either Rac or another Rho-family member, Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	151-154	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	233-238
12450563-5	2002	CCR3 spontaneously couples to G-proteins in CCR3 transfectants, demonstrated by changes in basal and eotaxin-induced [35S]GTPgammaS binding under reduced NaCl and GDP concentrations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	163-166	C-C motif chemokine receptor 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
12450563-5	2002	CCR3 spontaneously couples to G-proteins in CCR3 transfectants, demonstrated by changes in basal and eotaxin-induced [35S]GTPgammaS binding under reduced NaCl and GDP concentrations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	163-166	C-C motif chemokine receptor 3	Homo sapiens	44-48
12450563-5	2002	CCR3 spontaneously couples to G-proteins in CCR3 transfectants, demonstrated by changes in basal and eotaxin-induced [35S]GTPgammaS binding under reduced NaCl and GDP concentrations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	163-166	C-C motif chemokine ligand 11	Homo sapiens	101-108
12270928-7	2002	The ability of the toxin to bind eEF-2 with bound GTP/GDP was assessed using nonhydrolyzable analogues.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Homo sapiens	33-38
12388783-0	2002	A GDP/GTP exchange protein for the Rab3 small G protein family up-regulates a postdocking step of synaptic exocytosis in central synapses.	Guanosine Diphosphate	2-5	MAP-kinase activating death domain	Mus musculus	6-26
12475940-4	2002	The COPII components Sec23p and Sec31p and the GTP/GDP exchange factor Sec12p were required in functional form for secretion of Hsp150.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	Sar family guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC12	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	71-77
12475940-4	2002	The COPII components Sec23p and Sec31p and the GTP/GDP exchange factor Sec12p were required in functional form for secretion of Hsp150.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	heat shock protein HSP150	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	128-134
12221077-4	2002	Glutathione S-transferase-capture experiments revealed that Rhophilin-1 and Rhophilin-2 interacted with both GDP- and GTP-bound RhoA in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	rhophilin Rho GTPase binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	60-71
12221077-4	2002	Glutathione S-transferase-capture experiments revealed that Rhophilin-1 and Rhophilin-2 interacted with both GDP- and GTP-bound RhoA in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	rhophilin Rho GTPase binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	76-87
12507235-8	2002	RESULTS: Adherent cells on Ti plates, with and without GDP, were significantly reduced in serum-free conditions and the presence of RGDS (Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser) peptides.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Mus musculus	132-136
12507235-9	2002	Fibronectin adsorption on titanium plates was increased by GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	fibronectin 1	Mus musculus	0-11
12145286-5	2002	However, we found that menin hydrolyzes GTP to GDP efficiently in the presence of nm23, whereas nm23 or menin alone shows little or no detectable GTPase activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	menin 1	Homo sapiens	23-28
12369824-2	2002	While GTPase-defective forms of Cdc42 inhibit cell growth, a mutation [Cdc42(F28L)] that allows the constitutive exchange of GDP for GTP and is GTPase-competent induces cellular transformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	71-76
12369824-3	2002	These results suggest that Cdc42 must cycle between its GTP- and GDP-bound states to stimulate cell growth.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	27-32
12369824-6	2002	The Cdc42(D118N) protein exchanges GDP for GTP more rapidly than wild-type Cdc42, but significantly more slowly than the Cdc42(F28L) mutant.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	4-9
12369824-10	2002	Thus, mutations that combine some capacity for cycling between the GTP- and GDP-bound states with increased survival against apoptotic signals yield Cdc42 molecules with the maximum capability for inducing cellular transformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	149-154
12145286-6	2002	Furthermore, menin contains sequence motifs similar to those found in all known GTPases or GTP-binding proteins and shows low affinity but specific binding to GTP/GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	163-166	menin 1	Homo sapiens	13-18
12354112-0	2002	Novel complexes of mammalian translation elongation factor eEF1A.GDP with uncharged tRNA and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	59-64
12354112-18	2002	However, the addition of tRNAPhe accelerated eEF1A.GDP binding to the enzyme.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	45-50
12354112-19	2002	A possible role of these stable novel ternary and quaternary complexes of eEF1A.GDP with tRNA and ARS in the channeled elongation cycle is discussed.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	74-79
12218187-3	2002	hDcp2 specifically hydrolyzed methylated capped RNA to release m(7)GDP; however, it did not function on the cap structure alone.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	decapping mRNA 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
12215546-3	2002	It can catalyze the exchange of GDP for GTP on RhoA and Cdc42, both of which are expressed in most cell types.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	47-51
12215546-3	2002	It can catalyze the exchange of GDP for GTP on RhoA and Cdc42, both of which are expressed in most cell types.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	56-61
12239560-3	2002	Sec23 and Sar1 form a continuous surface stabilized by a non-hydrolysable GTP analogue, and Sar1 has rearranged from the GDP conformation to expose amino-terminal residues that will probably embed in the bilayer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	GTPase-activating protein SEC23	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-5
12239560-3	2002	Sec23 and Sar1 form a continuous surface stabilized by a non-hydrolysable GTP analogue, and Sar1 has rearranged from the GDP conformation to expose amino-terminal residues that will probably embed in the bilayer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	Arf family GTPase SAR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	92-96
12030845-10	2002	These data indicate that: UCP2 (a) is at least partially refolded from sarkosyl-solubilized bacterial inclusion bodies by a two-step treatment with C12E9 detergent and hydroxyapatite; (b) binds purine and pyrimidine nucleoside triphosphates with low micromolar affinity; (c) binds GDP with the same affinity as GDP inhibits superoxide-stimulated uncoupling by kidney mitochondria; and (d) exhibits a different nucleotide preference than kidney mitochondria.	Guanosine Diphosphate	281-284	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	26-30
12071859-5	2002	Recombinant p164 interacted with and induced GDP/GTP exchange at RhoA but not at Rac1 or Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	65-69
12080068-7	2002	In contrast, the order of efficacy of NTPs as substrates for nucleoside diphosphokinase, catalyzing the formation of GTP from GDP and NTP was ATP > or = UTP > or = CTP > or = GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-129	solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier, citrate transporter), member 1	Mus musculus	170-173
12082090-4	2002	However, overexpression of a RAP1 GTPase-activating protein (RAP1GAP), which efficiently clamped cellular RAP1 in the inactive GDP-bound form, did not affect A(2A)-agonist-mediated MAP kinase stimulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	127-130	RAP1 GTPase activating protein	Homo sapiens	29-59
12082090-4	2002	However, overexpression of a RAP1 GTPase-activating protein (RAP1GAP), which efficiently clamped cellular RAP1 in the inactive GDP-bound form, did not affect A(2A)-agonist-mediated MAP kinase stimulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	127-130	RAP1 GTPase activating protein	Homo sapiens	61-68
12082090-4	2002	However, overexpression of a RAP1 GTPase-activating protein (RAP1GAP), which efficiently clamped cellular RAP1 in the inactive GDP-bound form, did not affect A(2A)-agonist-mediated MAP kinase stimulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	127-130	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	29-33
12198156-1	2002	Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitors (RhoGDIs) modulate the cycling of Rho GTPases between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	33-40
12198156-1	2002	Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitors (RhoGDIs) modulate the cycling of Rho GTPases between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	33-40
12105226-6	2002	Mss4 preferentially binds GDP-bound (T22N) and nucleotide-free (N121I) Rab15, consistent with the proposed role of Mss4 as a chaperone that stabilizes target Rabs in their nucleotide-free form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	RAB interacting factor	Homo sapiens	0-4
12105226-7	2002	Mutational analysis of Rab15 indicates that lysine at position 48 (K48Q) is important for the binding of Rab15-GDP to Mss4.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	RAB15, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	23-28
12105226-7	2002	Mutational analysis of Rab15 indicates that lysine at position 48 (K48Q) is important for the binding of Rab15-GDP to Mss4.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	RAB15, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	105-110
12105226-7	2002	Mutational analysis of Rab15 indicates that lysine at position 48 (K48Q) is important for the binding of Rab15-GDP to Mss4.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	RAB interacting factor	Homo sapiens	118-122
12030845-10	2002	These data indicate that: UCP2 (a) is at least partially refolded from sarkosyl-solubilized bacterial inclusion bodies by a two-step treatment with C12E9 detergent and hydroxyapatite; (b) binds purine and pyrimidine nucleoside triphosphates with low micromolar affinity; (c) binds GDP with the same affinity as GDP inhibits superoxide-stimulated uncoupling by kidney mitochondria; and (d) exhibits a different nucleotide preference than kidney mitochondria.	Guanosine Diphosphate	311-314	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	26-30
12208505-4	2002	All-trans-retinoic acid binds to UCP1 with high affinity and the labeling is only partially protected by guanosine diphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-126	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
12034733-5	2002	Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) occurs efficiently between the green fluorescent protein (GFP) and Alexa546 for Ran x GDP and Ran x GTP, suggesting that the tail is tethered in both states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	132-135	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	126-129
12194828-6	2002	Either mislocalization of GFP-RCC1 by removal of the N-terminal region or the expression of dominant Ran mutants that perturb the GTP/GDP cycle causes defects in mitotic spindle morphology, including misalignment of chromosomes and abnormal numbers of spindle poles.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	101-104
12034733-11	2002	Nonetheless, a robust cytoplasmic FRET signal was detectable, which suggests that a significant fraction of cytoplasmic Ran.GDP may exist in a ternary complex with RanBP1 and importins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	120-123
12034733-11	2002	Nonetheless, a robust cytoplasmic FRET signal was detectable, which suggests that a significant fraction of cytoplasmic Ran.GDP may exist in a ternary complex with RanBP1 and importins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	RAN binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	164-170
12036965-1	2002	Guanylate kinase (GMPK) is a nucleoside monophosphate kinase that catalyzes the reversible phosphoryl transfer from ATP to GMP to yield ADP and GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	guanylate kinase 1	Mus musculus	0-16
12182707-5	2002	AtArf1 Q71L and AtArf1 T31N, GTP- and GDP-fixed mutants, respectively, changed the localization of a cis-Golgi marker, AtErd2-GFP, from the Golgi apparatus to the endoplasmic reticulum but not that of GFP-AtRer1B or GFP-AtSed5.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	auxin response factor 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-6
12036965-1	2002	Guanylate kinase (GMPK) is a nucleoside monophosphate kinase that catalyzes the reversible phosphoryl transfer from ATP to GMP to yield ADP and GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II	Mus musculus	18-21
12413026-0	2002	The three-dimensional model of Dictyostelium discoideum racE based on the human rhoA-GDP crystal structure.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	80-84
12134164-1	2002	Rac is a member of the Ras superfamily of GTPases and functions as a GDP/GTP-regulated switch.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
12146960-10	2002	Site-directed spin-labeling studies showed that the N-terminus of the Galpha subunit is dynamically disordered in the GDP bound state, but adopts a structure consistent with an alpha-helix upon interaction with Gbetagamma.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	70-76
12146960-11	2002	Interaction of the resulting spin-labeled Galphabetagamma with photoactivated rhodopsin, followed by rhodopsin-catalyzed GTPgammaS binding, caused the amino-terminal domain of Galpha to revert to a dynamically disordered state similar to that of the GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	250-253	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	78-87
12146960-11	2002	Interaction of the resulting spin-labeled Galphabetagamma with photoactivated rhodopsin, followed by rhodopsin-catalyzed GTPgammaS binding, caused the amino-terminal domain of Galpha to revert to a dynamically disordered state similar to that of the GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	250-253	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	101-110
12146960-11	2002	Interaction of the resulting spin-labeled Galphabetagamma with photoactivated rhodopsin, followed by rhodopsin-catalyzed GTPgammaS binding, caused the amino-terminal domain of Galpha to revert to a dynamically disordered state similar to that of the GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	250-253	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	42-48
12182707-5	2002	AtArf1 Q71L and AtArf1 T31N, GTP- and GDP-fixed mutants, respectively, changed the localization of a cis-Golgi marker, AtErd2-GFP, from the Golgi apparatus to the endoplasmic reticulum but not that of GFP-AtRer1B or GFP-AtSed5.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	auxin response factor 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	16-22
12182707-5	2002	AtArf1 Q71L and AtArf1 T31N, GTP- and GDP-fixed mutants, respectively, changed the localization of a cis-Golgi marker, AtErd2-GFP, from the Golgi apparatus to the endoplasmic reticulum but not that of GFP-AtRer1B or GFP-AtSed5.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	ER lumen protein retaining receptor family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	119-125
12206508-5	2002	Interestingly, PLP modified both the alpha- and beta-subunits of T. Moreover, PLP in the presence of GDP behaved as a GTP analog, since this mixture was capable of dissociating T from T:photoactivated rhodopsin complexes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	pyridoxal phosphatase	Homo sapiens	78-81
11948177-8	2002	Some insight into the mechanism was provided by in vitro analysis, which revealed that IQGAP1deltaGRD increased the intrinsic GTPase activity of Cdc42, thereby increasing the amount of inactive, GDP-bound Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	195-198	IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	87-93
11948177-8	2002	Some insight into the mechanism was provided by in vitro analysis, which revealed that IQGAP1deltaGRD increased the intrinsic GTPase activity of Cdc42, thereby increasing the amount of inactive, GDP-bound Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	195-198	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	145-150
11948177-8	2002	Some insight into the mechanism was provided by in vitro analysis, which revealed that IQGAP1deltaGRD increased the intrinsic GTPase activity of Cdc42, thereby increasing the amount of inactive, GDP-bound Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	195-198	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	205-210
12206508-5	2002	Interestingly, PLP modified both the alpha- and beta-subunits of T. Moreover, PLP in the presence of GDP behaved as a GTP analog, since this mixture was capable of dissociating T from T:photoactivated rhodopsin complexes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	201-210
11882656-8	2002	The studies using deletion mutants of RalBP1 and constitutively GTP and GDP binding forms of Ral indicate that ARIP2 regulates endocytosis of ActRIIs through the Ral/RalBP1-dependent pathway, and the GDP-GTP exchange of Ral is critical for this regulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	synaptojanin 2 binding protein	Mus musculus	111-116
12006984-1	2002	Activation of Rho-family GTPases involves the removal of bound GDP and the subsequent loading of GTP, all catalyzed by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) of the Dbl-family.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	169-172
12455990-4	2002	GDP is hydrolyzed by a GDPase, encoded by GDA1, to GMP, which then exits the Golgi lumen in a coupled, equimolar exchange with cytosolic GDP-mannose.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	guanosine diphosphatase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	42-46
12455990-7	2002	Membranes prepared from the C. albicans disrupted gda1/gda1 strain had a 90% decrease in the ability to hydrolyze GDP compared to wild type.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	guanosine diphosphatase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	50-54
12455990-7	2002	Membranes prepared from the C. albicans disrupted gda1/gda1 strain had a 90% decrease in the ability to hydrolyze GDP compared to wild type.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	guanosine diphosphatase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	55-59
12455995-2	2002	A group of proteins called GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) catalyze the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP, thereby inactivating Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	121-126
11882656-8	2002	The studies using deletion mutants of RalBP1 and constitutively GTP and GDP binding forms of Ral indicate that ARIP2 regulates endocytosis of ActRIIs through the Ral/RalBP1-dependent pathway, and the GDP-GTP exchange of Ral is critical for this regulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene A (ras related)	Mus musculus	93-96
11882656-8	2002	The studies using deletion mutants of RalBP1 and constitutively GTP and GDP binding forms of Ral indicate that ARIP2 regulates endocytosis of ActRIIs through the Ral/RalBP1-dependent pathway, and the GDP-GTP exchange of Ral is critical for this regulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	ralA binding protein 1	Mus musculus	166-172
11882656-8	2002	The studies using deletion mutants of RalBP1 and constitutively GTP and GDP binding forms of Ral indicate that ARIP2 regulates endocytosis of ActRIIs through the Ral/RalBP1-dependent pathway, and the GDP-GTP exchange of Ral is critical for this regulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene A (ras related)	Mus musculus	93-96
11932251-5	2002	This interaction was stimulated by the addition of Ran; moreover, Ran.GDP, Ran.GTP, and Ran without nucleotide could all stimulate complex formation between RanBP3 and RCC1 even though binding of Ran.GDP to RanBP3 alone was undetectable.	Guanosine Diphosphate	200-203	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	66-69
12009894-3	2002	To understand the role of the nucleotide-binding site in the DNA cleavage reaction and to establish a connection between the nuclease and the NDP kinase activities, we used the known crystal structure of NM23-H2 complexed with GDP as the basis for site-directed mutagenesis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	227-230	NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	204-211
11994165-6	2002	Kti11p is highly conserved from yeast to man, and Kti13p/Ats1p is related to yeast Prp20p and mammalian RCC1, components of the Ran-GTP/GDP cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	Ran guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	83-89
12056546-3	2002	In the presence of 100 microM GDP, NC stimulated GTPgamma35S binding (pEC50 = 8.5).	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	prepronociceptin	Cricetulus griseus	35-37
12056546-5	2002	At 5 microM GDP, there was an increase in potency (pEC50 = 9.3) and efficacy (4.3-fold) of NC.	Guanosine Diphosphate	12-15	prepronociceptin	Cricetulus griseus	91-93
11980706-3	2002	Arl2 shows a dramatic conformational change from the GDP-bound form, which suggests that it is reversibly membrane associated.	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
11967128-1	2002	Guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs) regulate both GDP/GTP and membrane association/dissociation cycles of Rho/Rac and Rab proteins.RhoGDI-3 is distinguishable from other rhoGDI proteins by its partial association with a detergent-resistant subcellular fraction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor gamma	Homo sapiens	145-153
11932251-5	2002	This interaction was stimulated by the addition of Ran; moreover, Ran.GDP, Ran.GTP, and Ran without nucleotide could all stimulate complex formation between RanBP3 and RCC1 even though binding of Ran.GDP to RanBP3 alone was undetectable.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	51-54
11932251-5	2002	This interaction was stimulated by the addition of Ran; moreover, Ran.GDP, Ran.GTP, and Ran without nucleotide could all stimulate complex formation between RanBP3 and RCC1 even though binding of Ran.GDP to RanBP3 alone was undetectable.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	66-69
11932251-5	2002	This interaction was stimulated by the addition of Ran; moreover, Ran.GDP, Ran.GTP, and Ran without nucleotide could all stimulate complex formation between RanBP3 and RCC1 even though binding of Ran.GDP to RanBP3 alone was undetectable.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	66-69
11932251-5	2002	This interaction was stimulated by the addition of Ran; moreover, Ran.GDP, Ran.GTP, and Ran without nucleotide could all stimulate complex formation between RanBP3 and RCC1 even though binding of Ran.GDP to RanBP3 alone was undetectable.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	66-69
11932251-5	2002	This interaction was stimulated by the addition of Ran; moreover, Ran.GDP, Ran.GTP, and Ran without nucleotide could all stimulate complex formation between RanBP3 and RCC1 even though binding of Ran.GDP to RanBP3 alone was undetectable.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	RAN binding protein 3	Homo sapiens	157-163
11932251-5	2002	This interaction was stimulated by the addition of Ran; moreover, Ran.GDP, Ran.GTP, and Ran without nucleotide could all stimulate complex formation between RanBP3 and RCC1 even though binding of Ran.GDP to RanBP3 alone was undetectable.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	168-172
11932251-5	2002	This interaction was stimulated by the addition of Ran; moreover, Ran.GDP, Ran.GTP, and Ran without nucleotide could all stimulate complex formation between RanBP3 and RCC1 even though binding of Ran.GDP to RanBP3 alone was undetectable.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	66-69
11932251-5	2002	This interaction was stimulated by the addition of Ran; moreover, Ran.GDP, Ran.GTP, and Ran without nucleotide could all stimulate complex formation between RanBP3 and RCC1 even though binding of Ran.GDP to RanBP3 alone was undetectable.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	RAN binding protein 3	Homo sapiens	207-213
11932251-5	2002	This interaction was stimulated by the addition of Ran; moreover, Ran.GDP, Ran.GTP, and Ran without nucleotide could all stimulate complex formation between RanBP3 and RCC1 even though binding of Ran.GDP to RanBP3 alone was undetectable.	Guanosine Diphosphate	200-203	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	51-54
11932251-5	2002	This interaction was stimulated by the addition of Ran; moreover, Ran.GDP, Ran.GTP, and Ran without nucleotide could all stimulate complex formation between RanBP3 and RCC1 even though binding of Ran.GDP to RanBP3 alone was undetectable.	Guanosine Diphosphate	200-203	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	66-69
11932251-5	2002	This interaction was stimulated by the addition of Ran; moreover, Ran.GDP, Ran.GTP, and Ran without nucleotide could all stimulate complex formation between RanBP3 and RCC1 even though binding of Ran.GDP to RanBP3 alone was undetectable.	Guanosine Diphosphate	200-203	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	66-69
11932251-5	2002	This interaction was stimulated by the addition of Ran; moreover, Ran.GDP, Ran.GTP, and Ran without nucleotide could all stimulate complex formation between RanBP3 and RCC1 even though binding of Ran.GDP to RanBP3 alone was undetectable.	Guanosine Diphosphate	200-203	RAN binding protein 3	Homo sapiens	157-163
11932251-5	2002	This interaction was stimulated by the addition of Ran; moreover, Ran.GDP, Ran.GTP, and Ran without nucleotide could all stimulate complex formation between RanBP3 and RCC1 even though binding of Ran.GDP to RanBP3 alone was undetectable.	Guanosine Diphosphate	200-203	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	168-172
11932251-5	2002	This interaction was stimulated by the addition of Ran; moreover, Ran.GDP, Ran.GTP, and Ran without nucleotide could all stimulate complex formation between RanBP3 and RCC1 even though binding of Ran.GDP to RanBP3 alone was undetectable.	Guanosine Diphosphate	200-203	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	66-69
11932251-5	2002	This interaction was stimulated by the addition of Ran; moreover, Ran.GDP, Ran.GTP, and Ran without nucleotide could all stimulate complex formation between RanBP3 and RCC1 even though binding of Ran.GDP to RanBP3 alone was undetectable.	Guanosine Diphosphate	200-203	RAN binding protein 3	Homo sapiens	207-213
11832491-2	2002	Activator of G-protein signaling 3 (AGS3) and LGN have a similar domain structure and contain four G-protein regulatory motifs that serve as anchors for the binding of the GDP-bound conformation of specific G-protein alpha subunits.	Guanosine Diphosphate	172-175	G-protein signaling modulator 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-34
11832491-2	2002	Activator of G-protein signaling 3 (AGS3) and LGN have a similar domain structure and contain four G-protein regulatory motifs that serve as anchors for the binding of the GDP-bound conformation of specific G-protein alpha subunits.	Guanosine Diphosphate	172-175	G-protein signaling modulator 1	Rattus norvegicus	36-40
11964296-4	2002	Despite these divergent amino acids at positions involved in GTP/guanosine diphosphate (GDP) binding and guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activities, we found that hIAN1 specifically binds GDP (K(d) = 0.47 microM) and GTP (K(d) = 6 microM) and exhibits intrinsic GTPase activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-86	GTPase, IMAP family member 4	Homo sapiens	165-170
11964296-4	2002	Despite these divergent amino acids at positions involved in GTP/guanosine diphosphate (GDP) binding and guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activities, we found that hIAN1 specifically binds GDP (K(d) = 0.47 microM) and GTP (K(d) = 6 microM) and exhibits intrinsic GTPase activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	GTPase, IMAP family member 4	Homo sapiens	165-170
11964296-4	2002	Despite these divergent amino acids at positions involved in GTP/guanosine diphosphate (GDP) binding and guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activities, we found that hIAN1 specifically binds GDP (K(d) = 0.47 microM) and GTP (K(d) = 6 microM) and exhibits intrinsic GTPase activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	190-193	GTPase, IMAP family member 4	Homo sapiens	165-170
12051861-0	2002	The C-terminal extension of the small GTPase Ran is essential for defining the GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	ran GTP-binding protein	Xenopus laevis	45-48
11976690-4	2002	Here we describe the structural determinants of GoLoco activity as revealed by the crystal structure of Galpha(i1) GDP bound to the GoLoco region of the "regulator of G-protein signalling" protein RGS14.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	104-113
11976690-4	2002	Here we describe the structural determinants of GoLoco activity as revealed by the crystal structure of Galpha(i1) GDP bound to the GoLoco region of the "regulator of G-protein signalling" protein RGS14.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	regulator of G protein signaling 14	Homo sapiens	197-202
12051861-3	2002	Here, we show that a deletion mutant of Ran, lacking the entire C-terminal extension, termed Ran Core, can bind to importin beta in its GDP-bound form with high affinity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	ran GTP-binding protein	Xenopus laevis	40-43
11994165-6	2002	Kti11p is highly conserved from yeast to man, and Kti13p/Ats1p is related to yeast Prp20p and mammalian RCC1, components of the Ran-GTP/GDP cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	104-108
12051861-3	2002	Here, we show that a deletion mutant of Ran, lacking the entire C-terminal extension, termed Ran Core, can bind to importin beta in its GDP-bound form with high affinity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	ran GTP-binding protein	Xenopus laevis	93-96
12051861-7	2002	Our results demonstrate that the C terminus of Ran is a major determinant of the state of Ran, and that removal of this allows the GDP-bound form to adopt a GTP-like conformation, thereby creating a constitutively active protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	ran GTP-binding protein	Xenopus laevis	47-50
12051861-7	2002	Our results demonstrate that the C terminus of Ran is a major determinant of the state of Ran, and that removal of this allows the GDP-bound form to adopt a GTP-like conformation, thereby creating a constitutively active protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	ran GTP-binding protein	Xenopus laevis	90-93
12006650-4	2002	H-Ras and K-Ras fusion proteins were found at the plasma membrane, particularly in ruffles and lamellipodia, and also in endosomes independently of GTP/GDP loading and EGF stimulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	152-155	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	0-5
12006650-4	2002	H-Ras and K-Ras fusion proteins were found at the plasma membrane, particularly in ruffles and lamellipodia, and also in endosomes independently of GTP/GDP loading and EGF stimulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	152-155	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	10-15
12006660-4	2002	All mutations were mapped onto the available crystal structures for Arf1p: Arf1p bound to GDP, to GTP, and complexed with the regulatory proteins ArfGEF and ArfGAP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	Arf family GTPase ARF1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	68-73
12006660-4	2002	All mutations were mapped onto the available crystal structures for Arf1p: Arf1p bound to GDP, to GTP, and complexed with the regulatory proteins ArfGEF and ArfGAP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	Arf family GTPase ARF1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	75-80
11914505-1	2002	Crystals of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae elongation factor 2 (eEF2) in complex with GDP were obtained with the vapour-diffusion technique after rapid purification from industrial yeast.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	elongation factor 2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	41-60
11907568-6	2002	The proposed mechanisms are compatible with the known structures, conformations and functions of the ribosome and its component parts including tRNAs and EF-Tu, in both the GTP and GDP states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	181-184	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	154-159
11909959-6	2002	Biochemical studies demonstrated that Nir2, via Rid, preferentially binds to the inactive GDP-bound form of the small GTPase Rho.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	phosphatidylinositol transfer protein membrane associated 1	Homo sapiens	38-42
11971133-9	2002	Dominant negative GDP-bound Rop2 reduced the number of hair-forming sites and led to shorter and wavy hairs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	18-21	RHO-related protein from plants 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	28-32
11900529-6	2002	The studies reveal that deletion of the insert has no effect on Rac1 structure and causes only a marginal (approximately 0.8 kcal/mol) decrease in the DeltaG(fold) of Rac1*GDP*Mg2+.	Guanosine Diphosphate	172-175	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	167-171
11959118-4	2002	Using limited proteolysis we analyzed the conformations of the MxA protein under nucleotide-free, GDP-bound, and GTP-bound conditions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	MX dynamin like GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	63-66
11959118-5	2002	We find that whereas the conformations of nucleotide-free MxA and GDP-bound MxA are essentially similar, GTP-binding causes a dramatic change in the conformation of MxA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	MX dynamin like GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	76-79
11959118-5	2002	We find that whereas the conformations of nucleotide-free MxA and GDP-bound MxA are essentially similar, GTP-binding causes a dramatic change in the conformation of MxA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	MX dynamin like GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	76-79
11923206-3	2002	Cardiac-specific inhibition of Rho family protein activities was achieved by expressing Rho GDIalpha, a specific GDP dissociation inhibitor for Rho family proteins, using the alpha-myosin heavy chain promoter, active at embryonic day (E)8.0 during morphogenesis of the linear heart tube.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) alpha	Mus musculus	88-100
11952837-1	2002	BACKGROUND: Frabin is an actin filament (F-actin)-binding protein with GDP/GTP exchange activity specific for Cdc42 small G protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	110-115
11950933-7	2002	We conclude that Rac is recruited to Fcgamma membrane receptors in its inactive, GDP-bound state and that Vav regulates phagocytosis through subsequent catalysis of GDP/GTP exchange on Rac.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	17-20
11950933-7	2002	We conclude that Rac is recruited to Fcgamma membrane receptors in its inactive, GDP-bound state and that Vav regulates phagocytosis through subsequent catalysis of GDP/GTP exchange on Rac.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	17-20
11950933-7	2002	We conclude that Rac is recruited to Fcgamma membrane receptors in its inactive, GDP-bound state and that Vav regulates phagocytosis through subsequent catalysis of GDP/GTP exchange on Rac.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	106-109
11950933-7	2002	We conclude that Rac is recruited to Fcgamma membrane receptors in its inactive, GDP-bound state and that Vav regulates phagocytosis through subsequent catalysis of GDP/GTP exchange on Rac.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	185-188
11937061-2	2002	We present crystal structures of the GDP- and GppNHp-bound conformation of Ypt7p solved at 1.35 and 1.6 A resolution, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	Rab family GTPase YPT7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	75-80
11888276-3	2002	Arf-GDP retains most characteristics of its GDP-bound form at the initial low-affinity Arf-GDP-Sec7 step.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	Arf family guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	95-99
11888276-3	2002	Arf-GDP retains most characteristics of its GDP-bound form at the initial low-affinity Arf-GDP-Sec7 step.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	Arf family guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	95-99
11888276-4	2002	It then undergoes large conformational changes toward its GTP-bound form at the next step, and eventually dissociates GDP to form a nucleotide-free high-affinity Arf-Sec7 complex at the last step.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	Arf family guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	166-170
11883956-0	2002	Probing the binding states of GDP to Cdc42 using urea interaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	37-42
11879192-3	2002	Rab3A is present as either the soluble or the SV membrane-bound form in neurons that are dependent on the GDP- or GTP-bound states respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-5
11879192-4	2002	GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) is known to induce the dissociation of Rab3A from synaptic membranes when GTP is depleted.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	72-77
11879192-9	2002	In addition, Ca(2+)/CaM led to the replacement of the GDP molecule in the Rab3A-GDI complex with GTP in Rab3A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	74-79
11883956-1	2002	The inactive state of the small G protein Cdc42, the Cdc42.GDP.Mg(2+) ternary complex, was investigated using fluorescence, Mn(2+) substituted electron paramagnetic resonance, and (31)P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy at various urea concentrations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	42-47
11879192-9	2002	In addition, Ca(2+)/CaM led to the replacement of the GDP molecule in the Rab3A-GDI complex with GTP in Rab3A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	104-109
11883956-1	2002	The inactive state of the small G protein Cdc42, the Cdc42.GDP.Mg(2+) ternary complex, was investigated using fluorescence, Mn(2+) substituted electron paramagnetic resonance, and (31)P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy at various urea concentrations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	53-58
11883956-2	2002	The urea interaction with the protein was used to probe the binding state of GDP.Mg(2+) to Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	91-96
11883956-3	2002	Two binding states of the Cdc42.GDP.Mg(2+) ternary complex with different binding stability were observed.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	26-31
11723122-7	2002	These results were not due to nonspecific overexpression of mitochondrial protein since UCP1 activity was inhibited by GDP and because overexpression of another membrane carrier protein, the oxoglutarate malate carrier had no effect.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	88-92
12005049-3	2002	EF-1betagammadelta catalyzes the exchange of EF-1alpha-bound GDP for exogenous GTP and stimulates the EF-1alpha-dependent binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to ribosomes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	elongation factor 1-alpha	Bombyx mori	45-54
11927263-3	2002	We have determined the crystal structure of RhoA.GDP bound to RhoGAP in the presence of Mg(2+) and F(-) but without Al(3+).	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	44-48
11927263-3	2002	We have determined the crystal structure of RhoA.GDP bound to RhoGAP in the presence of Mg(2+) and F(-) but without Al(3+).	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	Rho GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	62-68
11927263-6	2002	The structure adopted by GDP.MgF(-) possesses the stereochemistry and approximate charge expected for the transition state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	25-28	signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A	Homo sapiens	29-32
11990400-14	2002	This study also suggests that both high glucose and GDP in PDS may play important roles in inducing VEGF and PIIINP production/secretion by HPMC.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	100-104
11864926-7	2002	LPC induced the translocation of the GTP-bound active form of RhoA into membranes within 1 minute as determined by a pull-down assay and reduced the levels of RhoA in the cytoplasm, indicating that LPC quickly increases the GTP/GDP ratio of RhoA and induces membrane translocation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	228-231	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	62-66
11864926-8	2002	Statins prevented the GTP/GDP exchange of RhoA and its membrane translocation from the cytoplasm caused by LPC, and these effects of statins were reversed by GGPP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	42-46
11733506-1	2002	The small GTPase Rab family, which cycles between GTP-bound active and GDP-bound inactive states, plays an important role in membrane trafficking.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	17-20
11911364-4	2002	In either case, the Ran.GTP is then transported to the cytoplasm by the karyopherin, where it is hydrolyzed to Ran.GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	20-23
11772396-0	2002	Phosphorylation states of Cdc42 and RhoA regulate their interactions with Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor and their extraction from biological membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	cell division cycle 42	Rattus norvegicus	26-31
11772396-0	2002	Phosphorylation states of Cdc42 and RhoA regulate their interactions with Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor and their extraction from biological membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	ras homolog family member A	Rattus norvegicus	36-40
11772396-1	2002	The Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDI) regulates the activation-inactivation cycle of Rho small GTPases, such as Cdc42 and RhoA, by extracting them from the membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	8-11	cell division cycle 42	Rattus norvegicus	118-123
11772396-1	2002	The Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDI) regulates the activation-inactivation cycle of Rho small GTPases, such as Cdc42 and RhoA, by extracting them from the membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	8-11	ras homolog family member A	Rattus norvegicus	128-132
11781256-6	2002	The data suggest that PTEN exerts control over phagocytosis potentially by controlling the downstream conversion of guanosine diphosphate-Rac to guanosine triphosphate-Rac following ITAM stimulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-137	phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN	Ovis aries	22-26
11807099-6	2002	In the attempt to define the molecular mechanism of this inhibition, we show that ICAP-1 reduces both the intrinsic and the exchange factor-induced dissociation of GDP from Cdc42; moreover, purified ICAP-1 displaces this GTPase from cellular membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	164-167	integrin beta 1 binding protein 1	Mus musculus	82-88
11807099-6	2002	In the attempt to define the molecular mechanism of this inhibition, we show that ICAP-1 reduces both the intrinsic and the exchange factor-induced dissociation of GDP from Cdc42; moreover, purified ICAP-1 displaces this GTPase from cellular membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	164-167	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	173-178
11807099-6	2002	In the attempt to define the molecular mechanism of this inhibition, we show that ICAP-1 reduces both the intrinsic and the exchange factor-induced dissociation of GDP from Cdc42; moreover, purified ICAP-1 displaces this GTPase from cellular membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	164-167	integrin beta 1 binding protein 1	Mus musculus	199-205
11911364-4	2002	In either case, the Ran.GTP is then transported to the cytoplasm by the karyopherin, where it is hydrolyzed to Ran.GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	111-114
12596920-2	2002	After GTP/GDP exchange on the a subunit of transducin (Talpha) by illuminated rhodopsin, the GTP-bound form Talpha (GTP/Talpha) interacts with the regulatory subunit (Pgamma) of PDE6 to activate cGMP hydrolytic activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	10-13	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	78-87
11772024-2	2002	They selectively interact with the GDP-bound conformation of Gi(alpha) and transducin-alpha (Gt(alpha)), but not with Gs(alpha).	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	G protein subunit alpha z	Homo sapiens	75-91
12596920-2	2002	After GTP/GDP exchange on the a subunit of transducin (Talpha) by illuminated rhodopsin, the GTP-bound form Talpha (GTP/Talpha) interacts with the regulatory subunit (Pgamma) of PDE6 to activate cGMP hydrolytic activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	10-13	mitochondrial ribosome associated GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	116-126
11673455-9	2001	Injection of the cRNA coding RGS2, which interacts most selectively with G alpha(q/11) among various identified RGS isoforms and stimulates the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP in active GTP-bound G alpha subunit, resulted in a severe attenuation of ginsenoside effect on the Cl(-) current.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	regulator of G protein signaling 2	Homo sapiens	29-33
12168804-5	2002	Rab3D undergoes post-translational isoprenylation and cycles between GDP- and GTP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	RAB3D, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-5
11779690-3	2002	To date, the best-known function of Vav proteins is their role as GDP/GTP exchange factors for Rho/Rac molecules.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	36-39
11779690-3	2002	To date, the best-known function of Vav proteins is their role as GDP/GTP exchange factors for Rho/Rac molecules.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	99-102
11595738-8	2001	Two cross-linking sites with EF-Tu.GDP have been identified that are located outside the tRNA part of tmRNA, indicating an unusual interaction of tmRNA with EF-Tu.GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	29-34
11595738-8	2001	Two cross-linking sites with EF-Tu.GDP have been identified that are located outside the tRNA part of tmRNA, indicating an unusual interaction of tmRNA with EF-Tu.GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	157-162
11595738-5	2001	Deacylated tmRNA can form a complex with either EF-Tu.GDP or EF-Tu.GTP, the association constants are about one order of magnitude smaller than that of an Ala-tRNA.EF-Tu.GTP complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	48-53
11595738-6	2001	tmRNA as well as Ala-tmRNA can be efficiently cross-linked with EF-Tu.GDP using a zero-length cross-link.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	64-69
11595738-8	2001	Two cross-linking sites with EF-Tu.GDP have been identified that are located outside the tRNA part of tmRNA, indicating an unusual interaction of tmRNA with EF-Tu.GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	163-166	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	29-34
11595738-8	2001	Two cross-linking sites with EF-Tu.GDP have been identified that are located outside the tRNA part of tmRNA, indicating an unusual interaction of tmRNA with EF-Tu.GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	163-166	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	157-162
11726195-1	2001	There are conflicting reports over the question of whether the displacement by GTP of GDP bound to eIF2 catalyzed by eIF2B follows a substituted enzyme mechanism, as is believed to be the case for other guanine nucleotide exchange factors, or is a sequential mechanism.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	99-103
11577097-1	2001	Normally, Rho GTPases are activated by the removal of bound GDP and the concomitant loading of GTP catalyzed by members of the Dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs).	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	127-130
11726195-1	2001	There are conflicting reports over the question of whether the displacement by GTP of GDP bound to eIF2 catalyzed by eIF2B follows a substituted enzyme mechanism, as is believed to be the case for other guanine nucleotide exchange factors, or is a sequential mechanism.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	117-122
11726195-5	2001	276, 24697-24703, 2001) showing displacement by eIF2B of GDP bound to eIF2 in the absence of displacing nucleotide appears to offer a way of resolving the dispute and suggests that both mechanisms may be operative.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	48-53
11726195-5	2001	276, 24697-24703, 2001) showing displacement by eIF2B of GDP bound to eIF2 in the absence of displacing nucleotide appears to offer a way of resolving the dispute and suggests that both mechanisms may be operative.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	48-52
11726511-4	2001	Using a cross-link approach based on a photolabile peptide corresponding to the cytoplasmic domain of p23, the GDP form of ARF1 (ARF1-GDP) is shown to interact with p23 whereas ARF1-GTP has no detectable affinity to p23.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	transmembrane p24 trafficking protein 10	Homo sapiens	102-105
11781818-6	2001	In addition, these exchange factors need a second structural signal located in the beta5 region of Rho/Rac proteins (residue K118) to promote proper GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	149-152	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	103-106
11721009-5	2001	However, by performing molecular dynamic calculations, we found that the structure of the active site of the enzyme substrate complex in the oncogenic mutant p21(ras) continuously changes, and these continuous changes in the active site would make it difficult for the GTP-->GDP hydrolysis reaction to occur in the mutant.	Guanosine Diphosphate	278-281	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	158-161
11726511-4	2001	Using a cross-link approach based on a photolabile peptide corresponding to the cytoplasmic domain of p23, the GDP form of ARF1 (ARF1-GDP) is shown to interact with p23 whereas ARF1-GTP has no detectable affinity to p23.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	123-127
11726511-4	2001	Using a cross-link approach based on a photolabile peptide corresponding to the cytoplasmic domain of p23, the GDP form of ARF1 (ARF1-GDP) is shown to interact with p23 whereas ARF1-GTP has no detectable affinity to p23.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	129-137
11726511-4	2001	Using a cross-link approach based on a photolabile peptide corresponding to the cytoplasmic domain of p23, the GDP form of ARF1 (ARF1-GDP) is shown to interact with p23 whereas ARF1-GTP has no detectable affinity to p23.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	transmembrane p24 trafficking protein 10	Homo sapiens	165-168
11726511-4	2001	Using a cross-link approach based on a photolabile peptide corresponding to the cytoplasmic domain of p23, the GDP form of ARF1 (ARF1-GDP) is shown to interact with p23 whereas ARF1-GTP has no detectable affinity to p23.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	129-133
11726511-4	2001	Using a cross-link approach based on a photolabile peptide corresponding to the cytoplasmic domain of p23, the GDP form of ARF1 (ARF1-GDP) is shown to interact with p23 whereas ARF1-GTP has no detectable affinity to p23.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	transmembrane p24 trafficking protein 10	Homo sapiens	165-168
11714890-4	2001	In fact, the GDP affinity of G(salphaS) fused to the beta(2)AR is higher than the GDP affinity of G(salphaL) fused to the beta(2)AR.	Guanosine Diphosphate	13-16	adrenoceptor beta 2	Homo sapiens	53-62
11714890-4	2001	In fact, the GDP affinity of G(salphaS) fused to the beta(2)AR is higher than the GDP affinity of G(salphaL) fused to the beta(2)AR.	Guanosine Diphosphate	82-85	adrenoceptor beta 2	Homo sapiens	53-62
11714890-4	2001	In fact, the GDP affinity of G(salphaS) fused to the beta(2)AR is higher than the GDP affinity of G(salphaL) fused to the beta(2)AR.	Guanosine Diphosphate	82-85	adrenoceptor beta 2	Homo sapiens	122-131
11698587-2	2001	G-protein sequestration occurs because the population of CB1 cannabinoid receptors exists in both an inactive G-protein-precoupled RG(GDP) state and a constitutively active R*G(GTP) state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	cannabinoid receptor 1	Homo sapiens	57-60
11792819-5	2001	Over-expression of Arl1(T31N), which is expected to be restricted to the GDP-bound form and thus function as a dominant-negative mutant, causes the disappearance of the Golgi apparatus (marked by Golgi SNARE GS28), suggesting that Arl1 is necessary for maintaining normal Golgi structure.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	ADP ribosylation factor-like 1	Drosophila melanogaster	19-23
11697895-5	2001	To assess the participation of GTPases in phagocytosis and recycling from phagosomes we used aluminum fluoride (AIF(-)(4)), which activates the GDP-bound form of stimulatory and inhibitory trimeric G proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase	Homo sapiens	112-121
11707417-5	2001	Gcd1p forms part of the eIF2B guanine nucleotide complex that is responsible for recycling eIF2-GDP to eIF2-GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	translation initiation factor eIF2B subunit gamma	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-5
11533043-6	2001	Upon agonist stimulation of the receptor, beta-arrestin also interacts with the GDP-liganded form of ARF6, thereby facilitating ARNO-promoted GTP loading and activation of the G protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	101-105
11533043-6	2001	Upon agonist stimulation of the receptor, beta-arrestin also interacts with the GDP-liganded form of ARF6, thereby facilitating ARNO-promoted GTP loading and activation of the G protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	cytohesin 2	Homo sapiens	128-132
11683622-1	2001	Elongation factor 1alpha from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus (SsEF-1alpha) carries the aminoacyl tRNA to the ribosome; it binds GDP or GTP, and it is also endowed with an intrinsic GTPase activity that is triggered in vitro by NaCl at molar concentrations [Masullo, M., De Vendittis, E., and Bocchini, V. (1994) J. Biol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	152-155	Hsp20/alpha crystallin family protein	Saccharolobus solfataricus	0-24
11683622-1	2001	Elongation factor 1alpha from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus (SsEF-1alpha) carries the aminoacyl tRNA to the ribosome; it binds GDP or GTP, and it is also endowed with an intrinsic GTPase activity that is triggered in vitro by NaCl at molar concentrations [Masullo, M., De Vendittis, E., and Bocchini, V. (1994) J. Biol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	152-155	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	86-97
11683622-5	2001	The estimation of the secondary structure of the SsEF-1alpha*GDP complex, made by curve fitting of the amide I" band or by factor analysis of the amide I band, indicated a content of 34-36% alpha-helix, 35-40% beta-sheet, 14-19% turn, and 7% unordered structure.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	49-60
11683622-7	2001	On the other hand, the alpha-helix content of the SsEF-1alpha*GDP complex increased upon addition of salts, and the highest effect was produced by 5 M NaCl.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	50-61
11683622-8	2001	The thermal stability of the SsEF-1alpha*GDP complex was significantly reduced when the GDP was replaced with Gpp(NH)p or in the presence of NaBr or NH4Cl, whereas a lower destabilizing effect was provoked by NaCl and KCl.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	29-40
11683622-8	2001	The thermal stability of the SsEF-1alpha*GDP complex was significantly reduced when the GDP was replaced with Gpp(NH)p or in the presence of NaBr or NH4Cl, whereas a lower destabilizing effect was provoked by NaCl and KCl.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	29-40
11696355-3	2001	This view has been challenged by recent structural and biochemical studies of the Arfaptin/Por protein, which interacts equally well with the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of the G protein Rac.	Guanosine Diphosphate	142-145	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	91-94
11707398-6	2001	In contrast, mu4 binds equally well to the GTP- and GDP-bound forms of ARF1 and is less dependent on switch I and switch II residues.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	adaptor related protein complex 4 subunit mu 1	Homo sapiens	13-16
11707398-6	2001	In contrast, mu4 binds equally well to the GTP- and GDP-bound forms of ARF1 and is less dependent on switch I and switch II residues.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	71-75
11533059-4	2001	Like Ras, RERG protein exhibited intrinsic GDP/GTP binding and GTP hydrolysis activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	RAS like estrogen regulated growth inhibitor	Homo sapiens	10-14
11683622-11	2001	Finally, the infrared data suggested that, in particular region(s) of the polypeptide chain, the SsEF-1alpha*Gpp(NH)p complex possesses structural conformations which are different from those present in the SsEF-1alpha*GDP complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	219-222	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	97-108
11509570-3	2001	Mog1 has previously been shown to stimulate GTP release from Ran and we demonstrate here that addition of Mog1 to either Ran-GTP or Ran-GDP results in nucleotide release and formation of a stable complex between Mog1 and nucleotide-free Ran.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	Ran GTPase-binding protein MOG1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-4
11509570-3	2001	Mog1 has previously been shown to stimulate GTP release from Ran and we demonstrate here that addition of Mog1 to either Ran-GTP or Ran-GDP results in nucleotide release and formation of a stable complex between Mog1 and nucleotide-free Ran.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	Ran GTPase-binding protein MOG1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	106-110
11509570-3	2001	Mog1 has previously been shown to stimulate GTP release from Ran and we demonstrate here that addition of Mog1 to either Ran-GTP or Ran-GDP results in nucleotide release and formation of a stable complex between Mog1 and nucleotide-free Ran.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	Ran GTPase-binding protein MOG1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	106-110
11675420-8	2001	Exposure to GDP resulted in a significant reduction in mesothelial IL-6 and fibronectin release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	12-15	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	67-71
11675420-8	2001	Exposure to GDP resulted in a significant reduction in mesothelial IL-6 and fibronectin release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	12-15	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	76-87
11713681-1	2001	In Saccharomyces cerevisiae the ROM2 gene encodes a GDP/GTP exchange factor for the small G-protein Rho1p, a known activator of protein kinase C. In a screen designed to isolate suppressors of a rom2 mutant allele, we identified a mutant defective in the gene coding for the putative GTPase-activating protein Lrg1p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor ROM2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	32-36
11713681-1	2001	In Saccharomyces cerevisiae the ROM2 gene encodes a GDP/GTP exchange factor for the small G-protein Rho1p, a known activator of protein kinase C. In a screen designed to isolate suppressors of a rom2 mutant allele, we identified a mutant defective in the gene coding for the putative GTPase-activating protein Lrg1p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	100-105
11713681-1	2001	In Saccharomyces cerevisiae the ROM2 gene encodes a GDP/GTP exchange factor for the small G-protein Rho1p, a known activator of protein kinase C. In a screen designed to isolate suppressors of a rom2 mutant allele, we identified a mutant defective in the gene coding for the putative GTPase-activating protein Lrg1p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor ROM2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	195-199
11574461-6	2001	Finally, structural comparisons of SsEF- 1alpha.GDP with yeast EF-1alpha in complex with the nucleotide exchange factor EF-1beta shows that a dramatic rearrangement of the overall structure of EF-1alpha occurs during the nucleotide exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	35-47
11742110-1	2001	Guanylate kinase catalyzes the phosphorylation of either GMP to GDP or dGMP to dGDP and is an important enzyme in nucleotide metabolic pathways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	guanylate kinase 1	Mus musculus	0-16
11574461-0	2001	The crystal structure of Sulfolobus solfataricus elongation factor 1alpha in complex with GDP reveals novel features in nucleotide binding and exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	Hsp20/alpha crystallin family protein	Saccharolobus solfataricus	49-73
11596062-3	2001	Sequence comparison of Galpha(olf) from amphibia and mammals revealed a particular conservation within the alpha-helical domains, which are supposed to control the GDP/GTP-exchange rate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	164-167	succinate-CoA ligase, alpha subunit L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	23-34
11583574-1	2001	We have identified a mutant of the human G-protein Cdc42Hs, R66E, that fails to form a detectable complex with the GDP-dissociation inhibitor RhoGDI in cell-free systems or in intact cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	51-58
11573967-7	2001	Additionally, we demonstrate for the first time that RGS2 binds to both Galphas and Galphaq subunits in their transition state (GDP/AlF(-4)-bound) forms, suggesting that RGS2 has the potential to act as a bridge between the cAMP/PKA and Ca(2+)/PKC pathways, and that it may act as a cross-talk regulator for these two PTH signaling pathways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	regulator of G-protein signaling 2	Rattus norvegicus	53-57
11573967-7	2001	Additionally, we demonstrate for the first time that RGS2 binds to both Galphas and Galphaq subunits in their transition state (GDP/AlF(-4)-bound) forms, suggesting that RGS2 has the potential to act as a bridge between the cAMP/PKA and Ca(2+)/PKC pathways, and that it may act as a cross-talk regulator for these two PTH signaling pathways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	G protein subunit alpha q	Rattus norvegicus	84-91
11573967-7	2001	Additionally, we demonstrate for the first time that RGS2 binds to both Galphas and Galphaq subunits in their transition state (GDP/AlF(-4)-bound) forms, suggesting that RGS2 has the potential to act as a bridge between the cAMP/PKA and Ca(2+)/PKC pathways, and that it may act as a cross-talk regulator for these two PTH signaling pathways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	regulator of G-protein signaling 2	Rattus norvegicus	170-174
11573967-7	2001	Additionally, we demonstrate for the first time that RGS2 binds to both Galphas and Galphaq subunits in their transition state (GDP/AlF(-4)-bound) forms, suggesting that RGS2 has the potential to act as a bridge between the cAMP/PKA and Ca(2+)/PKC pathways, and that it may act as a cross-talk regulator for these two PTH signaling pathways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	parathyroid hormone	Rattus norvegicus	318-321
11574461-1	2001	The crystal structure of elongation factor 1alpha from the archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus in complex with GDP (SsEF-1alpha.GDP) at 1.8 A resolution is reported.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	Hsp20/alpha crystallin family protein	Saccharolobus solfataricus	25-49
11574461-1	2001	The crystal structure of elongation factor 1alpha from the archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus in complex with GDP (SsEF-1alpha.GDP) at 1.8 A resolution is reported.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	113-124
11574461-6	2001	Finally, structural comparisons of SsEF- 1alpha.GDP with yeast EF-1alpha in complex with the nucleotide exchange factor EF-1beta shows that a dramatic rearrangement of the overall structure of EF-1alpha occurs during the nucleotide exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	193-202
11574461-1	2001	The crystal structure of elongation factor 1alpha from the archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus in complex with GDP (SsEF-1alpha.GDP) at 1.8 A resolution is reported.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	Hsp20/alpha crystallin family protein	Saccharolobus solfataricus	25-49
11588148-2	2001	Receptors activate G(s) by promoting exchange of GTP for GDP on the G(s) alpha-subunit (G(s)alpha) while an intrinsic GTPase activity of G(s)alpha that hydrolyzes bound GTP to GDP leads to deactivation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	GNAS (guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha stimulating) complex locus	Mus musculus	88-97
11574461-1	2001	The crystal structure of elongation factor 1alpha from the archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus in complex with GDP (SsEF-1alpha.GDP) at 1.8 A resolution is reported.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	113-124
11574461-2	2001	As already known for the eubacterial elongation factor Tu, the SsEF-1alpha.GDP structure consists of three different structural domains.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	63-74
11588148-2	2001	Receptors activate G(s) by promoting exchange of GTP for GDP on the G(s) alpha-subunit (G(s)alpha) while an intrinsic GTPase activity of G(s)alpha that hydrolyzes bound GTP to GDP leads to deactivation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	GNAS (guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha stimulating) complex locus	Mus musculus	88-97
11588148-2	2001	Receptors activate G(s) by promoting exchange of GTP for GDP on the G(s) alpha-subunit (G(s)alpha) while an intrinsic GTPase activity of G(s)alpha that hydrolyzes bound GTP to GDP leads to deactivation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	GNAS (guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha stimulating) complex locus	Mus musculus	137-146
11562778-6	2001	Furthermore, the same assays using a Rab5b R81A substitution mutant showed that the Arg81 in the Switch II region [the second GTP/GDP binding motif (residues 74-93)] was essential for Rab5b dimerization.	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-133	RAB5B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	37-42
11562778-6	2001	Furthermore, the same assays using a Rab5b R81A substitution mutant showed that the Arg81 in the Switch II region [the second GTP/GDP binding motif (residues 74-93)] was essential for Rab5b dimerization.	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-133	RAB5B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	184-189
11668674-2	2001	Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) binds to GDP-bound rabs, removes rabs from acceptor membranes and delivers rabs to donor membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	GDP dissociation inhibitor	Drosophila melanogaster	32-35
11551200-1	2001	The enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) catalyzes the reversible conversion of oxalacetate and GTP to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), GDP, and CO2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	142-145	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	11-44
11551200-1	2001	The enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) catalyzes the reversible conversion of oxalacetate and GTP to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), GDP, and CO2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	142-145	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	46-51
11607839-4	2001	To date, the best-known function of Vav proteins is their role as GDP/GTP exchange factors for Rho/Rac molecules, a function strictly controlled by tyrosine phosphorylation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	36-39
11607839-4	2001	To date, the best-known function of Vav proteins is their role as GDP/GTP exchange factors for Rho/Rac molecules, a function strictly controlled by tyrosine phosphorylation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	99-102
11668674-2	2001	Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) binds to GDP-bound rabs, removes rabs from acceptor membranes and delivers rabs to donor membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	GDP dissociation inhibitor	Drosophila melanogaster	32-35
11676197-6	2001	Coordinately, the ratio of p21ras-binding GTP/GDP was increased by PLM.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	27-33
11589573-1	2001	The gene product Prp20p, which is located in the nucleus, serves as the nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for the small nuclear G protein Gsp1p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and catalyses the replacement of Gsp1-bound GDP by GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	216-219	Ran guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	17-23
11529678-0	2001	An intramolecular contact in Galpha transducin that participates in maintaining its intrinsic GDP release rate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	94-97	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	29-35
11529678-2	2001	Spontaneous GDP release from Galpha can also lead to the active state, if GTP in solution binds the nucleotide binding pocket.	Guanosine Diphosphate	12-15	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	29-35
11529678-3	2001	The purpose of this study is to evaluate the molecular determinants for maintaining the spontaneous GDP release rates between two Galpha subunits.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	130-136
11529678-6	2001	The C-terminal alpha4-helix, the N-terminal 56 residues and the Switch I/II regions of Galpha(t) were shown to affect the low spontaneous GDP release rate in Galpha(t).	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	87-93
11529678-6	2001	The C-terminal alpha4-helix, the N-terminal 56 residues and the Switch I/II regions of Galpha(t) were shown to affect the low spontaneous GDP release rate in Galpha(t).	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	158-164
11529678-8	2001	In two chimeras disrupting this interaction produced an increased spontaneous GDP release; restoring the contact present in Galpha(t) into these chimeras decreased the GDP release rate by half as compared to the original chimeras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	124-130
11589573-3	2001	It is believed that in order to complete a full GDP/GTP cycle, Gsp1p has to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm, where its GTPase Activating Protein (GAP) Rna1p is located.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	Ran GTPase GSP1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	63-68
11589573-3	2001	It is believed that in order to complete a full GDP/GTP cycle, Gsp1p has to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm, where its GTPase Activating Protein (GAP) Rna1p is located.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	GTPase-activating protein RNA1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	165-170
11529678-8	2001	In two chimeras disrupting this interaction produced an increased spontaneous GDP release; restoring the contact present in Galpha(t) into these chimeras decreased the GDP release rate by half as compared to the original chimeras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	168-171	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	124-130
11589573-1	2001	The gene product Prp20p, which is located in the nucleus, serves as the nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for the small nuclear G protein Gsp1p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and catalyses the replacement of Gsp1-bound GDP by GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	216-219	Ran GTPase GSP1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	137-142
11529678-9	2001	Similarly, introduction of this contact in wild-type Galpha(i1) decreased the GDP release rate of Galpha(i1) by half.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	53-62
11589573-7	2001	These,findings raise the possibility that Bud5p could act as a cytoplasmic exchange factor for Gsp1p and, therefore, that a complete GDP/GTP cycle could take place in the cytoplasm.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor BUD5	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	42-47
11529678-9	2001	Similarly, introduction of this contact in wild-type Galpha(i1) decreased the GDP release rate of Galpha(i1) by half.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Homo sapiens	98-107
11589573-1	2001	The gene product Prp20p, which is located in the nucleus, serves as the nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for the small nuclear G protein Gsp1p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and catalyses the replacement of Gsp1-bound GDP by GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	216-219	Ran GTPase GSP1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	137-141
11513578-4	2001	In this complex in which Rac1 is bound to GDP, the switch I region of Rac1 is in the GDP conformation whereas the switch II region resembles that of a GTP-bound GTPase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	70-74
11565748-6	2001	The N-terminal domain of Bms1p has structural features found in regulatory GTPases and we demonstrate that mutations of amino acids implicated in GTP/GDP binding affect Bms1p activity in vivo.	Guanosine Diphosphate	150-153	GTPase BMS1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	25-30
11565748-6	2001	The N-terminal domain of Bms1p has structural features found in regulatory GTPases and we demonstrate that mutations of amino acids implicated in GTP/GDP binding affect Bms1p activity in vivo.	Guanosine Diphosphate	150-153	GTPase BMS1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	169-174
11513578-4	2001	In this complex in which Rac1 is bound to GDP, the switch I region of Rac1 is in the GDP conformation whereas the switch II region resembles that of a GTP-bound GTPase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	25-29
11513578-1	2001	A heterodimer of prenylated Rac1 and Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor was purified and found to be competent in NADPH oxidase activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
11513578-4	2001	In this complex in which Rac1 is bound to GDP, the switch I region of Rac1 is in the GDP conformation whereas the switch II region resembles that of a GTP-bound GTPase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	70-74
11513578-4	2001	In this complex in which Rac1 is bound to GDP, the switch I region of Rac1 is in the GDP conformation whereas the switch II region resembles that of a GTP-bound GTPase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	25-29
11513579-7	2001	Rho-GDI is able to exert an inhibitory effect on the GDP/GTP exchange reaction except in the complex in which Rac1 has a deletion of the polybasic region (Arg183(Rac)-Lys188(Rac)).	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	0-7
11513579-11	2001	The Rac1/Rho-GDI and Rac1(Leu119Gln)/Rho-GDI complexes, in which the GTPases were bound to GDP, were found to activate the oxidase efficiently.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	4-8
11513579-11	2001	The Rac1/Rho-GDI and Rac1(Leu119Gln)/Rho-GDI complexes, in which the GTPases were bound to GDP, were found to activate the oxidase efficiently.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	9-16
11513579-11	2001	The Rac1/Rho-GDI and Rac1(Leu119Gln)/Rho-GDI complexes, in which the GTPases were bound to GDP, were found to activate the oxidase efficiently.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	21-25
11513579-11	2001	The Rac1/Rho-GDI and Rac1(Leu119Gln)/Rho-GDI complexes, in which the GTPases were bound to GDP, were found to activate the oxidase efficiently.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	37-44
11513579-12	2001	These data suggest that Rho-GDI stabilizes Rac in an active conformation, even in the GDP-bound state, and presents it to its effector, the p67phox component of the NADPH oxidase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	24-31
11513579-12	2001	These data suggest that Rho-GDI stabilizes Rac in an active conformation, even in the GDP-bound state, and presents it to its effector, the p67phox component of the NADPH oxidase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	43-46
11513579-12	2001	These data suggest that Rho-GDI stabilizes Rac in an active conformation, even in the GDP-bound state, and presents it to its effector, the p67phox component of the NADPH oxidase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	140-147
11473261-3	2001	We show that TCTPs form a structural superfamily with the Mss4/Dss4 family of proteins, which bind to the GDP/GTP free form of Rab proteins (members of the Ras superfamily) and have been termed guanine nucleotide-free chaperones (GFCs).	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	RAB interacting factor	Homo sapiens	58-62
11583165-1	2001	Stoichiometric exchange of GTP for GDP on heterotrimeric G protein alpha (Galpha) subunits is essential to most hormone and neurotransmitter initiated signal transduction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	74-80
11583165-4	2001	Inactivatable G protein has heretofore been thought to have become "denatured" during formation of the obligatory nucleotide-free or empty (MT) Galpha-state that is intermediary to GDP/GTP exchange at a single binding site.	Guanosine Diphosphate	181-184	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	144-150
11583165-11	2001	A companion Galpha x GDP isomerization reaction is identified as the cause of the very slow spontaneous GDP dissociation that characterizes G protein nucleotide exchange and low spontaneous background activity in the absence of GPCR activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	12-18
11583165-11	2001	A companion Galpha x GDP isomerization reaction is identified as the cause of the very slow spontaneous GDP dissociation that characterizes G protein nucleotide exchange and low spontaneous background activity in the absence of GPCR activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	G protein-coupled receptor 166 pseudogene	Homo sapiens	228-232
11583165-11	2001	A companion Galpha x GDP isomerization reaction is identified as the cause of the very slow spontaneous GDP dissociation that characterizes G protein nucleotide exchange and low spontaneous background activity in the absence of GPCR activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	12-18
11478794-5	2001	However, wild-type or dominant negative Rac1 or Rac1 liganded to GDP showed strong binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	40-44
11478794-5	2001	However, wild-type or dominant negative Rac1 or Rac1 liganded to GDP showed strong binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
11473261-3	2001	We show that TCTPs form a structural superfamily with the Mss4/Dss4 family of proteins, which bind to the GDP/GTP free form of Rab proteins (members of the Ras superfamily) and have been termed guanine nucleotide-free chaperones (GFCs).	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	ArfGAP with FG repeats 1	Homo sapiens	127-130
11323413-5	2001	Here we show that, when present at similar concentrations to eIF2, mammalian eIF2B can mediate release of eIF2-bound GDP even in the absence of free nucleotide, indicating that it acts as a GDP dissociation stimulator protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	117-120	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit epsilon	Homo sapiens	77-82
11292831-5	2001	Similar to other small GTP-binding proteins, activation of Rap1 requires a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) to promote its conversion from the GDP- to GTP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	151-154	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 5	Rattus norvegicus	75-109
11686304-8	2001	We propose that Mog1-related proteins, together with RanBP1, facilitate the generation of Ran-GTP from Ran-GDP in the nucleus.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	Ran GTPase-binding protein MOG1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	16-20
11439109-3	2001	At variance with serine-autophosphorylation, tyrosine-autophosphorylation of CK2alpha is reversed by ADP and GDP and is counteracted by the beta-subunit and by a peptide reproducing the activation loop of CK2alpha/alpha" (amino acids 175-201).	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	casein kinase 2 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	77-85
11323413-5	2001	Here we show that, when present at similar concentrations to eIF2, mammalian eIF2B can mediate release of eIF2-bound GDP even in the absence of free nucleotide, indicating that it acts as a GDP dissociation stimulator protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	117-120	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	77-81
11292831-5	2001	Similar to other small GTP-binding proteins, activation of Rap1 requires a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) to promote its conversion from the GDP- to GTP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	151-154	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 5	Rattus norvegicus	111-114
11323413-5	2001	Here we show that, when present at similar concentrations to eIF2, mammalian eIF2B can mediate release of eIF2-bound GDP even in the absence of free nucleotide, indicating that it acts as a GDP dissociation stimulator protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	190-193	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit epsilon	Homo sapiens	77-82
11323413-5	2001	Here we show that, when present at similar concentrations to eIF2, mammalian eIF2B can mediate release of eIF2-bound GDP even in the absence of free nucleotide, indicating that it acts as a GDP dissociation stimulator protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	190-193	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	77-81
11323413-6	2001	Consistent with this, addition of GDP to purified eIF2.eIF2B complexes causes them to dissociate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	50-54
11323413-6	2001	Consistent with this, addition of GDP to purified eIF2.eIF2B complexes causes them to dissociate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit epsilon	Homo sapiens	55-60
11408416-7	2001	The activity of eIF2B was higher (P < 0.05) in exercised nondiabetic than in sedentary nondiabetic rats (0.096 +/- 0.016 and 0.064 +/- 0.02 pmol GDP exchanged/min, respectively), but no difference was observed between sedentary and exercised diabetic rats (0.037 +/- 0.001 and 0.044 +/- 0.008 pmol GDP exchanged/min, respectively), and these activities were lower (P < 0.05) than in nondiabetic animals.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Rattus norvegicus	16-21
11435472-3	2001	Neurofibromin, the protein encoded by NF1, negatively regulates p21(ras) activity by accelerating the conversion of Ras-GTP to Ras-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	neurofibromin 1	Mus musculus	0-13
11435472-3	2001	Neurofibromin, the protein encoded by NF1, negatively regulates p21(ras) activity by accelerating the conversion of Ras-GTP to Ras-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	neurofibromin 1	Mus musculus	38-41
11435472-3	2001	Neurofibromin, the protein encoded by NF1, negatively regulates p21(ras) activity by accelerating the conversion of Ras-GTP to Ras-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	64-67
11401849-14	2001	RhoA; 2) nucleotide exchange (GTP for GDP) on complexed GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	0-4
11401849-14	2001	RhoA; 2) nucleotide exchange (GTP for GDP) on complexed GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	0-4
11703925-3	2001	Here, we show that this region is necessary and sufficient for RIN1 interaction with the GDP-bound Rabs, Vps21p, and Rab5A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	Ras and Rab interactor 1	Homo sapiens	63-67
11703925-3	2001	Here, we show that this region is necessary and sufficient for RIN1 interaction with the GDP-bound Rabs, Vps21p, and Rab5A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	117-122
11408416-7	2001	The activity of eIF2B was higher (P < 0.05) in exercised nondiabetic than in sedentary nondiabetic rats (0.096 +/- 0.016 and 0.064 +/- 0.02 pmol GDP exchanged/min, respectively), but no difference was observed between sedentary and exercised diabetic rats (0.037 +/- 0.001 and 0.044 +/- 0.008 pmol GDP exchanged/min, respectively), and these activities were lower (P < 0.05) than in nondiabetic animals.	Guanosine Diphosphate	301-304	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Rattus norvegicus	16-21
11294858-1	2001	Regulator of G-protein signaling 3 (RGS3) enhances the intrinsic rate at which Galpha(i) and Galpha(q) hydrolyze GTP to GDP, thereby limiting the duration in which GTP-Galpha(i) and GTP-Galpha(q) can activate effectors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	regulator of G protein signaling 3	Homo sapiens	0-34
11413290-4	2001	Immunopurified P110 catalyzed transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) to GTP and GDP to yield m(7)GTP or m(7)GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	endogenous retrovirus group K member 15	Homo sapiens	15-19
11413290-4	2001	Immunopurified P110 catalyzed transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) to GTP and GDP to yield m(7)GTP or m(7)GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	endogenous retrovirus group K member 15	Homo sapiens	15-19
11524957-3	2001	The concept of the shuttle role of elongation factor eEF1A is grounded; the factor, being in a GTP-bound form, delivers aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome and then, in the GDP form after hydrolysis of GTP on the ribosome, forms a complex with the deacylated tRNA and delivers it to the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	168-171	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	53-58
11524957-3	2001	The concept of the shuttle role of elongation factor eEF1A is grounded; the factor, being in a GTP-bound form, delivers aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome and then, in the GDP form after hydrolysis of GTP on the ribosome, forms a complex with the deacylated tRNA and delivers it to the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	168-171	mitochondrially encoded tRNA glycine	Homo sapiens	130-134
11681712-5	2001	Pretreatment of eEF2 with GDP or ADP-ribosylation of eEF2 by diphtheria toxin can obviously reduce the ability of eEF2 to form the complex with the synthetic oligoribonucleotide.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	16-20
11422940-6	2001	The dominant negative GDP-restricted mutant Sar1[T39N] is shown to be a potent inhibitor of mSec12 activity, consistent with its role in preventing COPII vesicle formation in vitro and during transient expression in vivo.	Guanosine Diphosphate	22-25	secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1A	Homo sapiens	44-48
11294858-1	2001	Regulator of G-protein signaling 3 (RGS3) enhances the intrinsic rate at which Galpha(i) and Galpha(q) hydrolyze GTP to GDP, thereby limiting the duration in which GTP-Galpha(i) and GTP-Galpha(q) can activate effectors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	regulator of G protein signaling 3	Homo sapiens	36-40
11294858-1	2001	Regulator of G-protein signaling 3 (RGS3) enhances the intrinsic rate at which Galpha(i) and Galpha(q) hydrolyze GTP to GDP, thereby limiting the duration in which GTP-Galpha(i) and GTP-Galpha(q) can activate effectors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	79-99
11294858-1	2001	Regulator of G-protein signaling 3 (RGS3) enhances the intrinsic rate at which Galpha(i) and Galpha(q) hydrolyze GTP to GDP, thereby limiting the duration in which GTP-Galpha(i) and GTP-Galpha(q) can activate effectors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	79-85
11294858-1	2001	Regulator of G-protein signaling 3 (RGS3) enhances the intrinsic rate at which Galpha(i) and Galpha(q) hydrolyze GTP to GDP, thereby limiting the duration in which GTP-Galpha(i) and GTP-Galpha(q) can activate effectors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	93-99
11389685-1	2001	Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) from mouse was expressed in yeast and the specific (GDP-inhibitable) and artifactual (GDP-insensitive) effects on mitochondrial uncoupling were assessed.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	0-26
11389685-1	2001	Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) from mouse was expressed in yeast and the specific (GDP-inhibitable) and artifactual (GDP-insensitive) effects on mitochondrial uncoupling were assessed.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	0-26
11397694-4	2001	Activation of endothelial cells by thrombin resulted in transient cycling of Ral from its inactive GDP-bound to its active GTP-bound state, which coincided with release of vWF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	99-102	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	35-43
11419942-2	2001	In contrast to other exchange factors examined and to DSS4, Vps9p, and by analogy probably Rabex-5, have considerably lower affinity than GDP to the respective GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	RAB guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	91-98
11419942-6	2001	An additional, and based on present knowledge, unique, feature of the Ypt1p.DSS4 complex, is that the association of GTP (or GDP) is more than 10(3)-fold slower than to Ypt1p, thus leading to a long life-time of the binary complex between the two proteins, even at the high nucleotide concentrations that prevail in the cell.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	70-75
11285260-0	2001	Maintenance of CDC42 GDP-bound state by Rho-GDI inhibits MAP kinase activation by the exchange factor Ras-GRF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	15-20
11285260-0	2001	Maintenance of CDC42 GDP-bound state by Rho-GDI inhibits MAP kinase activation by the exchange factor Ras-GRF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	40-47
11285260-4	2001	Here, we report that retaining Cdc42 in its GDP-bound state by overexpressing Rho-GDI inhibits Ras-GRF-mediated MAPK activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	31-36
11285260-4	2001	Here, we report that retaining Cdc42 in its GDP-bound state by overexpressing Rho-GDI inhibits Ras-GRF-mediated MAPK activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	78-85
11285260-7	2001	In contrast, promoting GDP release from Cdc42 with the Rho family GEF Dbl or with ionomycin suppressed the restraint exerted by Cdc42 on Ras-GRF activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	40-45
11285260-7	2001	In contrast, promoting GDP release from Cdc42 with the Rho family GEF Dbl or with ionomycin suppressed the restraint exerted by Cdc42 on Ras-GRF activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	70-73
11285260-7	2001	In contrast, promoting GDP release from Cdc42 with the Rho family GEF Dbl or with ionomycin suppressed the restraint exerted by Cdc42 on Ras-GRF activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	128-133
11285260-9	2001	Interestingly, the loss of the GDP-bound state by Cdc42 abolishes its inhibitory effects on Ras-GRF function.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	50-55
11419942-1	2001	The activities of three Rab-specific factors with GDP/GTP exchange activity, Vps9p, Rabex-5 and DSS4, with their cognate GTPases, Ypt51p, Rab5 and Ypt1p, have been analysed quantitatively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	RAB guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	84-91
11375519-1	2001	The Rho guanine nucleotide-dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDI) is a general regulator that forms a complex with the GDP-bound form of Rho-family GTPases and suppresses their activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	4-49
11375519-1	2001	The Rho guanine nucleotide-dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDI) is a general regulator that forms a complex with the GDP-bound form of Rho-family GTPases and suppresses their activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	51-57
11397694-4	2001	Activation of endothelial cells by thrombin resulted in transient cycling of Ral from its inactive GDP-bound to its active GTP-bound state, which coincided with release of vWF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	99-102	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	77-80
11389730-10	2001	A different picture became evident with CDC25Mm; phosphorylation by Lck increased its capacity to stimulate the GDP/GTP exchange on Ha-Ras, whereas its phosphorylation by p60c-Src was ineffective.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	LCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	68-71
11471724-8	2001	The amino acid sequence encoded by cig2 is similar to the GDP/GTP exchange factor eIF2B, which regulates translation initiation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	methylthioribose-1-phosphate isomerase	Nicotiana tabacum	35-39
11356949-8	2001	Our results suggest that the GPCR state that optimally promotes the GDP release and GTP binding is different from the GPCR state that stabilizes the ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 6	Homo sapiens	29-33
11356949-8	2001	Our results suggest that the GPCR state that optimally promotes the GDP release and GTP binding is different from the GPCR state that stabilizes the ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 6	Homo sapiens	118-122
11373622-1	2001	In the elongation cycle of protein biosynthesis, the nucleotide exchange factor eEF1Balpha catalyzes the exchange of GDP bound to the G-protein, eEF1A, for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	117-120	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	145-150
11373622-2	2001	To obtain more information about the recently solved eEF1A-eEF1Balpha structure, we determined the structures of the eEF1A-eEF1Balpha-GDP-Mg2+, eEF1A-eEF1Balpha-GDP and eEF1A-eEF1Balpha-GDPNP complexes at 3.0, 2.4 and 2.05 A resolution, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	53-58
11373622-2	2001	To obtain more information about the recently solved eEF1A-eEF1Balpha structure, we determined the structures of the eEF1A-eEF1Balpha-GDP-Mg2+, eEF1A-eEF1Balpha-GDP and eEF1A-eEF1Balpha-GDPNP complexes at 3.0, 2.4 and 2.05 A resolution, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	117-122
11373622-2	2001	To obtain more information about the recently solved eEF1A-eEF1Balpha structure, we determined the structures of the eEF1A-eEF1Balpha-GDP-Mg2+, eEF1A-eEF1Balpha-GDP and eEF1A-eEF1Balpha-GDPNP complexes at 3.0, 2.4 and 2.05 A resolution, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	117-122
11373622-2	2001	To obtain more information about the recently solved eEF1A-eEF1Balpha structure, we determined the structures of the eEF1A-eEF1Balpha-GDP-Mg2+, eEF1A-eEF1Balpha-GDP and eEF1A-eEF1Balpha-GDPNP complexes at 3.0, 2.4 and 2.05 A resolution, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	117-122
11373622-2	2001	To obtain more information about the recently solved eEF1A-eEF1Balpha structure, we determined the structures of the eEF1A-eEF1Balpha-GDP-Mg2+, eEF1A-eEF1Balpha-GDP and eEF1A-eEF1Balpha-GDPNP complexes at 3.0, 2.4 and 2.05 A resolution, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	161-164	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	53-58
11373622-2	2001	To obtain more information about the recently solved eEF1A-eEF1Balpha structure, we determined the structures of the eEF1A-eEF1Balpha-GDP-Mg2+, eEF1A-eEF1Balpha-GDP and eEF1A-eEF1Balpha-GDPNP complexes at 3.0, 2.4 and 2.05 A resolution, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	161-164	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	117-122
11373622-2	2001	To obtain more information about the recently solved eEF1A-eEF1Balpha structure, we determined the structures of the eEF1A-eEF1Balpha-GDP-Mg2+, eEF1A-eEF1Balpha-GDP and eEF1A-eEF1Balpha-GDPNP complexes at 3.0, 2.4 and 2.05 A resolution, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	161-164	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	117-122
11373622-2	2001	To obtain more information about the recently solved eEF1A-eEF1Balpha structure, we determined the structures of the eEF1A-eEF1Balpha-GDP-Mg2+, eEF1A-eEF1Balpha-GDP and eEF1A-eEF1Balpha-GDPNP complexes at 3.0, 2.4 and 2.05 A resolution, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	161-164	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	117-122
11278352-7	2001	Glutathione S-transferase-AGS3-SHORT selectively interacted with the GDP-bound versus guanosine 5"-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTPgammaS)-bound conformation of Galpha(i2) and inhibited GTPgammaS binding to Galpha(i2).	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	G-protein signaling modulator 1	Rattus norvegicus	26-30
11344266-1	2001	How receptors catalyze exchange of GTP for GDP bound to the Galpha subunit of trimeric G proteins is not known.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	60-66
11278352-1	2001	AGS3, a 650-amino acid protein encoded by an approximately 4-kilobase (kb) mRNA enriched in rat brain, is a Galpha(i)/Galpha(t)-binding protein that competes with Gbetagamma for interaction with Galpha(GDP) and acts as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor for heterotrimeric G-proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	202-205	G-protein signaling modulator 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
11278352-7	2001	Glutathione S-transferase-AGS3-SHORT selectively interacted with the GDP-bound versus guanosine 5"-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTPgammaS)-bound conformation of Galpha(i2) and inhibited GTPgammaS binding to Galpha(i2).	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	G protein subunit alpha i2	Rattus norvegicus	156-165
11278352-7	2001	Glutathione S-transferase-AGS3-SHORT selectively interacted with the GDP-bound versus guanosine 5"-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTPgammaS)-bound conformation of Galpha(i2) and inhibited GTPgammaS binding to Galpha(i2).	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	G protein subunit alpha i2	Rattus norvegicus	202-211
11278352-10	2001	Thus, AGS3 exists as a short and long form, both of which apparently stabilize the GDP-bound conformation of Galpha(i), but which differ in their tissue distribution and trafficking within the cell.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	G-protein signaling modulator 1	Rattus norvegicus	6-10
11368848-0	2001	Interactions between Rho GTPases and Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (Rho-GDI).	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	69-76
11342655-1	2001	We found that engagement of beta(2) integrins on human neutrophils induced activation of RhoA, as indicated by the increased ratio of GTP:GTP + GDP recovered on RhoA and translocation of RhoA to a membrane fraction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	28-35
11342655-1	2001	We found that engagement of beta(2) integrins on human neutrophils induced activation of RhoA, as indicated by the increased ratio of GTP:GTP + GDP recovered on RhoA and translocation of RhoA to a membrane fraction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	89-93
11342655-1	2001	We found that engagement of beta(2) integrins on human neutrophils induced activation of RhoA, as indicated by the increased ratio of GTP:GTP + GDP recovered on RhoA and translocation of RhoA to a membrane fraction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	161-165
11342655-1	2001	We found that engagement of beta(2) integrins on human neutrophils induced activation of RhoA, as indicated by the increased ratio of GTP:GTP + GDP recovered on RhoA and translocation of RhoA to a membrane fraction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	161-165
11342655-2	2001	The clustering of beta(2) integrins also induced a time-dependent increase in GDP bound to RhoA, which correlated with beta(2) integrin-induced activation of p190RHOGAP: The activation of p190RhoGAP was completely blocked by [4-amino-5-(4-methylphenyl)-7-(t-butyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine] (PP1), a selective inhibitor of Src family tyrosine kinases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	18-25
11342655-2	2001	The clustering of beta(2) integrins also induced a time-dependent increase in GDP bound to RhoA, which correlated with beta(2) integrin-induced activation of p190RHOGAP: The activation of p190RhoGAP was completely blocked by [4-amino-5-(4-methylphenyl)-7-(t-butyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine] (PP1), a selective inhibitor of Src family tyrosine kinases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	91-95
11342655-2	2001	The clustering of beta(2) integrins also induced a time-dependent increase in GDP bound to RhoA, which correlated with beta(2) integrin-induced activation of p190RHOGAP: The activation of p190RhoGAP was completely blocked by [4-amino-5-(4-methylphenyl)-7-(t-butyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine] (PP1), a selective inhibitor of Src family tyrosine kinases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	119-126
11342655-2	2001	The clustering of beta(2) integrins also induced a time-dependent increase in GDP bound to RhoA, which correlated with beta(2) integrin-induced activation of p190RHOGAP: The activation of p190RhoGAP was completely blocked by [4-amino-5-(4-methylphenyl)-7-(t-butyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine] (PP1), a selective inhibitor of Src family tyrosine kinases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	Rho GTPase activating protein 35	Homo sapiens	158-168
11342655-2	2001	The clustering of beta(2) integrins also induced a time-dependent increase in GDP bound to RhoA, which correlated with beta(2) integrin-induced activation of p190RHOGAP: The activation of p190RhoGAP was completely blocked by [4-amino-5-(4-methylphenyl)-7-(t-butyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine] (PP1), a selective inhibitor of Src family tyrosine kinases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	Rho GTPase activating protein 35	Homo sapiens	188-198
11342655-2	2001	The clustering of beta(2) integrins also induced a time-dependent increase in GDP bound to RhoA, which correlated with beta(2) integrin-induced activation of p190RHOGAP: The activation of p190RhoGAP was completely blocked by [4-amino-5-(4-methylphenyl)-7-(t-butyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine] (PP1), a selective inhibitor of Src family tyrosine kinases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	inorganic pyrophosphatase 1	Homo sapiens	292-295
11342655-5	2001	In agreement with the mentioned findings, PP1 also increased the GTP:GTP + GDP ratio recovered on RhoA immunoprecipitated from beta(2) integrin-stimulated cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	inorganic pyrophosphatase 1	Homo sapiens	42-45
11342655-5	2001	In agreement with the mentioned findings, PP1 also increased the GTP:GTP + GDP ratio recovered on RhoA immunoprecipitated from beta(2) integrin-stimulated cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	98-102
11342655-5	2001	In agreement with the mentioned findings, PP1 also increased the GTP:GTP + GDP ratio recovered on RhoA immunoprecipitated from beta(2) integrin-stimulated cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	127-134
11313501-2	2001	In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the Ras-like GTPase Bud1/Rsr1 and its guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP)/guanosine 5"-triphosphate (GTP) exchange factor Bud5 are involved in the selection of a specific site for growth, thus determining cell polarity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-109	Ras family GTPase RSR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	67-71
11313501-2	2001	In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the Ras-like GTPase Bud1/Rsr1 and its guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP)/guanosine 5"-triphosphate (GTP) exchange factor Bud5 are involved in the selection of a specific site for growth, thus determining cell polarity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-109	Ras family GTPase RSR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	72-76
11313501-2	2001	In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the Ras-like GTPase Bud1/Rsr1 and its guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP)/guanosine 5"-triphosphate (GTP) exchange factor Bud5 are involved in the selection of a specific site for growth, thus determining cell polarity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-109	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor BUD5	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	164-168
11313501-2	2001	In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the Ras-like GTPase Bud1/Rsr1 and its guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP)/guanosine 5"-triphosphate (GTP) exchange factor Bud5 are involved in the selection of a specific site for growth, thus determining cell polarity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	Ras family GTPase RSR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	67-71
11313501-2	2001	In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the Ras-like GTPase Bud1/Rsr1 and its guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP)/guanosine 5"-triphosphate (GTP) exchange factor Bud5 are involved in the selection of a specific site for growth, thus determining cell polarity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	Ras family GTPase RSR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	72-76
11313501-2	2001	In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the Ras-like GTPase Bud1/Rsr1 and its guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP)/guanosine 5"-triphosphate (GTP) exchange factor Bud5 are involved in the selection of a specific site for growth, thus determining cell polarity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor BUD5	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	164-168
11331598-3	2001	SRbeta can be cross-linked to a 21 kDa ribosomal protein in its empty and GDP-bound state, but not when GTP is bound.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	chaperonin containing TCP1 subunit 4	Homo sapiens	0-6
11259526-7	2001	The (m)P2Y(6) receptor was highly selective for UDP (UDP >> ADP = GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	pyrimidinergic receptor P2Y, G-protein coupled, 6	Mus musculus	7-13
11318657-3	2001	We investigated the modulation of the GDP/GTP exchange of Gialpha(1), Goalpha, and Gsalpha by three proteins containing GPR motifs (GPR proteins), LGN-585-642, Pcp2, and RapIGAPII-23-131, to elucidate the mechanisms of GPR protein function.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	83-90
11318657-3	2001	We investigated the modulation of the GDP/GTP exchange of Gialpha(1), Goalpha, and Gsalpha by three proteins containing GPR motifs (GPR proteins), LGN-585-642, Pcp2, and RapIGAPII-23-131, to elucidate the mechanisms of GPR protein function.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	Purkinje cell protein 2	Homo sapiens	160-164
11318657-6	2001	LGN-585-642, Pcp2, and RapIGAPII-23-131 inhibited the rates of spontaneous GTPgammaS binding and blocked GDP release from Gialpha(1) and Goalpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	Purkinje cell protein 2	Homo sapiens	13-17
11318657-6	2001	LGN-585-642, Pcp2, and RapIGAPII-23-131 inhibited the rates of spontaneous GTPgammaS binding and blocked GDP release from Gialpha(1) and Goalpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	tripartite motif containing 47	Homo sapiens	137-144
11336789-6	2001	The relative amount of Ras2-GTP changes in a parallel way suggesting that there is a correlation with the cytosolic GTP/GDP ratio.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	23-27
11336789-7	2001	In addition "in vitro" mixed-nucleotide exchange experiments done on purified Ras2 protein demonstrated that the GTP and GDP concentrations influence the extent of Ras2-GTP loading giving further support to their possible regulatory role.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	78-82
11336789-7	2001	In addition "in vitro" mixed-nucleotide exchange experiments done on purified Ras2 protein demonstrated that the GTP and GDP concentrations influence the extent of Ras2-GTP loading giving further support to their possible regulatory role.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	164-168
11298742-1	2001	The guanine dissociation inhibitor RhoGDI consists of a folded C-terminal domain and a highly flexible N-terminal region, both of which are essential for biological activity, that is, inhibition of GDP dissociation from Rho GTPases, and regulation of their partitioning between membrane and cytosol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	198-201	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	35-41
11294626-2	2001	We describe here the methyl side chain dynamics of three forms of (2)H,(13)C,(15)N-Cdc42Hs [GDP-bound (inactive), GMPPCP-bound (active), and GMPPCP/PBD46-bound (effector-bound)] from (13)C-(1)H NMR measurements of deuterium T(1) and T(1 rho) relaxation times.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	83-90
11284700-9	2001	The activity of PKCalpha also was found to be dependent on the nature of the GTP- or GDP-bound state of the Rho GTPases, suggesting that the interaction may be regulated by conformational changes in both PKCalpha and Rho GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	16-24
11284700-9	2001	The activity of PKCalpha also was found to be dependent on the nature of the GTP- or GDP-bound state of the Rho GTPases, suggesting that the interaction may be regulated by conformational changes in both PKCalpha and Rho GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	204-212
11274357-7	2001	On the other hand, forced overexpression of the wild type, but not the kinase-inactivated mutant of nm23H1, converted the GDP-bound forms of Rac1, Cdc42, and RhoA to their GTP-bound forms in vitro by its nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity, but nm23H1 alone apparently did not produce the GTP-bound form of these GTPases in vivo.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	141-145
11274357-7	2001	On the other hand, forced overexpression of the wild type, but not the kinase-inactivated mutant of nm23H1, converted the GDP-bound forms of Rac1, Cdc42, and RhoA to their GTP-bound forms in vitro by its nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity, but nm23H1 alone apparently did not produce the GTP-bound form of these GTPases in vivo.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	cell division cycle 42	Mus musculus	147-152
11274357-7	2001	On the other hand, forced overexpression of the wild type, but not the kinase-inactivated mutant of nm23H1, converted the GDP-bound forms of Rac1, Cdc42, and RhoA to their GTP-bound forms in vitro by its nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity, but nm23H1 alone apparently did not produce the GTP-bound form of these GTPases in vivo.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	158-162
11283610-6	2001	Our studies identify a novel protein determinant that is required for H-ras function, and show that the GTP/GDP state of H-ras determines its lateral segregation on the plasma membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	121-126
11401507-6	2001	Binding of importin beta1 to PTHrP is reduced in the presence of the GTP-bound but not GDP-bound form of the guanine nucleotide binding protein Ran, consistent with the idea that RanGTP binding to importin beta is involved in the release of PTHrP into the nucleus following translocation across the nuclear envelope.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	parathyroid hormone like hormone	Homo sapiens	29-34
11322487-1	2001	RalA GTPase, a member of Ras superfamily proteins, shows alternative forms between the active GTP-binding and the inactive GDP-binding states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-4
11322487-4	2001	In this study, studies were carried out to examine possible effects of Ca2+ and calmodulin, Ca2+-binding protein, directly on the GTP/GDP-binding state to recombinant unprenylated GST-RalA proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	184-188
11322487-5	2001	The results showed that Ca2+ stimulated the binding of GTP to RalA, whereas it reduced the binding of GDP to RalA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	109-113
11228153-6	2001	Conversely, introduction into wild-type melanocytes of the GDP-bound version of Rab27a generates an ashen/dilute phenotype.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	80-86
11113154-5	2001	Expression of GTP-Cdc42p, the product of Cdc24p-mediated GDP/GTP exchange, stimulated Cdc24p phosphorylation independent of cell cycle cues, raising the possibility that the phosphorylation is part of a feedback regulatory pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	18-24
11113154-5	2001	Expression of GTP-Cdc42p, the product of Cdc24p-mediated GDP/GTP exchange, stimulated Cdc24p phosphorylation independent of cell cycle cues, raising the possibility that the phosphorylation is part of a feedback regulatory pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC24	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	41-47
11113154-5	2001	Expression of GTP-Cdc42p, the product of Cdc24p-mediated GDP/GTP exchange, stimulated Cdc24p phosphorylation independent of cell cycle cues, raising the possibility that the phosphorylation is part of a feedback regulatory pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC24	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	86-92
11134022-2	2001	In this study, Rac1 was found to form a reversible monomer and oligomer in both the GDP- and GTP-bound states in vitro and in cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	15-19
11073942-5	2001	Recombinant glutathione S-transferase fusion protein of Rag C efficiently bound to both [(3)H]GTP and [(3)H]GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	Ras related GTP binding C	Homo sapiens	56-61
11073942-7	2001	Rag C and D were associated with both the GDP and GTP forms of Rag A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	Ras related GTP binding C	Homo sapiens	0-5
11266366-0	2001	The structural GDP/GTP cycle of human Arf6.	Guanosine Diphosphate	15-19	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	38-42
11266366-4	2001	Unlike their GDP-bound forms, the active forms of Arf6 and Arf1 are very similar.	Guanosine Diphosphate	13-16	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	50-54
11266366-4	2001	Unlike their GDP-bound forms, the active forms of Arf6 and Arf1 are very similar.	Guanosine Diphosphate	13-16	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	59-63
11226470-2	2001	The conversion of Arf-GDP to Arf-GTP is promoted in vivo by guanine nucleotide exchange factors such as ARNO or cytohesin-1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	22-25	cytohesin 2	Homo sapiens	104-108
11226470-2	2001	The conversion of Arf-GDP to Arf-GTP is promoted in vivo by guanine nucleotide exchange factors such as ARNO or cytohesin-1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	22-25	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	112-123
11058585-4	2001	Here we show that the isolated tandem Dbl homology/pleckstrin homology domain of p190RhoGEF activates RhoA in vitro, but not Rac1 or Cdc42, as determined by GDP release and protein binding assays.	Guanosine Diphosphate	157-160	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 28	Homo sapiens	81-91
11087745-4	2001	PLCdelta1 stimulated GDP release from TGII in a concentration-dependent manner, resulting in an increase in GTPgammaS binding to TGII.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	phospholipase C delta 1	Homo sapiens	0-9
11234020-4	2001	Here we describe the crystal structure at 2.0 A of rod transducin alpha x GDP x AlF4- in complex with the effector molecule PDEgamma and the GTPase-activating protein RGS9.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	regulator of G protein signaling 9	Homo sapiens	167-171
11234020-5	2001	In addition, we present the independently solved crystal structures of the RGS9 RGS domain both alone and in complex with alpha(t/i1) x GDP x AlF4-.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	regulator of G protein signaling 9	Homo sapiens	75-79
11234020-5	2001	In addition, we present the independently solved crystal structures of the RGS9 RGS domain both alone and in complex with alpha(t/i1) x GDP x AlF4-.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	75-78
11058585-4	2001	Here we show that the isolated tandem Dbl homology/pleckstrin homology domain of p190RhoGEF activates RhoA in vitro, but not Rac1 or Cdc42, as determined by GDP release and protein binding assays.	Guanosine Diphosphate	157-160	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	102-106
11058585-9	2001	Our results indicate that p190RhoGEF is a specific activator of RhoA that requires as yet unknown binding partners to unmask its GDP/GTP exchange activity in vivo, and they suggest that p190RhoGEF may provide a link between microtubule dynamics and RhoA signaling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 28	Homo sapiens	26-36
11058585-9	2001	Our results indicate that p190RhoGEF is a specific activator of RhoA that requires as yet unknown binding partners to unmask its GDP/GTP exchange activity in vivo, and they suggest that p190RhoGEF may provide a link between microtubule dynamics and RhoA signaling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	64-68
11058585-9	2001	Our results indicate that p190RhoGEF is a specific activator of RhoA that requires as yet unknown binding partners to unmask its GDP/GTP exchange activity in vivo, and they suggest that p190RhoGEF may provide a link between microtubule dynamics and RhoA signaling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 28	Homo sapiens	186-196
11058585-9	2001	Our results indicate that p190RhoGEF is a specific activator of RhoA that requires as yet unknown binding partners to unmask its GDP/GTP exchange activity in vivo, and they suggest that p190RhoGEF may provide a link between microtubule dynamics and RhoA signaling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	249-253
11231159-6	2001	However, addition of antibodies to RCC1 and RanGAP1 shows that Ran-GDP must be converted to Ran-GTP by RCC1 before precursor vesicles are recruited, whereas GTP hydrolysis by Ran stimulated by RanGAP1 promotes vesicle recruitment and is necessary for vesicle fusion to form an intact envelope.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	35-39
11060303-3	2001	eIF2B is a hetropentamer which mediates the exchange of GDP for GTP on eIF2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit beta	Drosophila melanogaster	0-5
11253162-3	2001	RGS5 bound to G alpha(i1), G alpha(i2), G alpha(i3), G alpha(o) and G alpha(q) but not to G alpha(s) and G alpha13 in the presence of GDP/AIF4-, and accelerated the catalytic rate of GTP hydrolysis of G alpha(i3) subunit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	regulator of G protein signaling 5	Homo sapiens	0-4
11231159-6	2001	However, addition of antibodies to RCC1 and RanGAP1 shows that Ran-GDP must be converted to Ran-GTP by RCC1 before precursor vesicles are recruited, whereas GTP hydrolysis by Ran stimulated by RanGAP1 promotes vesicle recruitment and is necessary for vesicle fusion to form an intact envelope.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	Ran GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	44-51
11231159-6	2001	However, addition of antibodies to RCC1 and RanGAP1 shows that Ran-GDP must be converted to Ran-GTP by RCC1 before precursor vesicles are recruited, whereas GTP hydrolysis by Ran stimulated by RanGAP1 promotes vesicle recruitment and is necessary for vesicle fusion to form an intact envelope.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	ran GTP-binding protein	Xenopus laevis	44-47
11231159-6	2001	However, addition of antibodies to RCC1 and RanGAP1 shows that Ran-GDP must be converted to Ran-GTP by RCC1 before precursor vesicles are recruited, whereas GTP hydrolysis by Ran stimulated by RanGAP1 promotes vesicle recruitment and is necessary for vesicle fusion to form an intact envelope.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	63-66
11231159-6	2001	However, addition of antibodies to RCC1 and RanGAP1 shows that Ran-GDP must be converted to Ran-GTP by RCC1 before precursor vesicles are recruited, whereas GTP hydrolysis by Ran stimulated by RanGAP1 promotes vesicle recruitment and is necessary for vesicle fusion to form an intact envelope.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	103-107
11231159-6	2001	However, addition of antibodies to RCC1 and RanGAP1 shows that Ran-GDP must be converted to Ran-GTP by RCC1 before precursor vesicles are recruited, whereas GTP hydrolysis by Ran stimulated by RanGAP1 promotes vesicle recruitment and is necessary for vesicle fusion to form an intact envelope.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	63-66
11231159-6	2001	However, addition of antibodies to RCC1 and RanGAP1 shows that Ran-GDP must be converted to Ran-GTP by RCC1 before precursor vesicles are recruited, whereas GTP hydrolysis by Ran stimulated by RanGAP1 promotes vesicle recruitment and is necessary for vesicle fusion to form an intact envelope.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	Ran GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	193-200
11231159-7	2001	Thus, the GTP-GDP cycle of Ran controls both the recruitment of vesicles and their fusion to form NEs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	27-30
11031263-0	2001	The coenzyme b12 analog 5"-deoxyadenosylcobinamide-gdp supports catalysis by methylmalonyl-coa mutase in the absence of trans-ligand coordination.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	methylmalonyl-CoA mutase	Homo sapiens	77-101
11148035-3	2001	In this study, we have determined the affinities between a regulator of G protein signaling protein, RGS4, and three members of the G protein-phospholipase Cbeta (PLC-beta) signaling cascade which may allow for rapid deactivation of intracellular Ca(2+) release and activation of protein kinase C. Specifically, using fluorescence methods, we have determined the interaction energies between the RGS4, PLC-beta, G-betagamma, and both deactivated (GDP-bound) and activated (GTPgammaS-bound) Galpha(q).	Guanosine Diphosphate	447-450	regulator of G protein signaling 4	Homo sapiens	101-105
11148035-3	2001	In this study, we have determined the affinities between a regulator of G protein signaling protein, RGS4, and three members of the G protein-phospholipase Cbeta (PLC-beta) signaling cascade which may allow for rapid deactivation of intracellular Ca(2+) release and activation of protein kinase C. Specifically, using fluorescence methods, we have determined the interaction energies between the RGS4, PLC-beta, G-betagamma, and both deactivated (GDP-bound) and activated (GTPgammaS-bound) Galpha(q).	Guanosine Diphosphate	447-450	regulator of G protein signaling 4	Homo sapiens	396-400
11148035-3	2001	In this study, we have determined the affinities between a regulator of G protein signaling protein, RGS4, and three members of the G protein-phospholipase Cbeta (PLC-beta) signaling cascade which may allow for rapid deactivation of intracellular Ca(2+) release and activation of protein kinase C. Specifically, using fluorescence methods, we have determined the interaction energies between the RGS4, PLC-beta, G-betagamma, and both deactivated (GDP-bound) and activated (GTPgammaS-bound) Galpha(q).	Guanosine Diphosphate	447-450	G protein subunit alpha q	Homo sapiens	490-499
11114252-1	2001	The guanine dissociation inhibitors RhoGDI and D4GDI inhibit guanosine 5"-diphosphate dissociation from Rho GTPases, keeping these small GTPases in an inactive state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-85	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	36-42
11114252-6	2001	These studies show that the first 30 amino acid residues are not required for inhibition of GDP dissociation but appear to be important for GTP hydrolysis, whilst removal of the first 41 residues completely abolish the ability of RhoGDI to inhibit GDP dissociation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	248-251	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	230-236
11114252-7	2001	The combination of structural and functional studies allows us to explain why RhoGDI and D4GDI are able to interact in similar ways with the guanosine 5"-diphosphate-bound GTPase, but differ in their ability to regulate GTP-bound forms; these functional differences are attributed to the conformational differences of the N-terminal domains of the guanosine 5"-diphosphate dissociation inhibitors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	141-165	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	78-84
11114252-7	2001	The combination of structural and functional studies allows us to explain why RhoGDI and D4GDI are able to interact in similar ways with the guanosine 5"-diphosphate-bound GTPase, but differ in their ability to regulate GTP-bound forms; these functional differences are attributed to the conformational differences of the N-terminal domains of the guanosine 5"-diphosphate dissociation inhibitors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	348-372	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	78-84
11239470-1	2001	Early endocytic membrane traffic is regulated by the small GTPase Rab5, which cycles between GTP- and GDP-bound states as well as between membrane and cytosol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	66-70
11035032-4	2001	Only this first step of GDP synthesis pathway is regulated, since the latter steps, encoded by the GUA1 and GUK1 genes, are guanine-insensitive.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	GMP synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing)	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	99-103
11035032-4	2001	Only this first step of GDP synthesis pathway is regulated, since the latter steps, encoded by the GUA1 and GUK1 genes, are guanine-insensitive.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	guanylate kinase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	108-112
11680691-8	2001	The dissociation of [3H]GDP from RhoA was stimulated dose-dependently by Sf9 cell lysates containing the CDEP peptide.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	FERM, RhoGEF (Arhgef) and pleckstrin domain protein 1 (chondrocyte-derived)	Mus musculus	105-109
11155209-7	2001	GDP (10 mm) inhibited G-protein activation of CFTR G(Cl) even in the presence of GTP-gamma-S.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	CF transmembrane conductance regulator	Homo sapiens	46-50
11024022-0	2000	AGS3 inhibits GDP dissociation from galpha subunits of the Gi family and rhodopsin-dependent activation of transducin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	Pho80p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-4
11150519-0	2000	Residues forming a hydrophobic pocket in ARF3 are determinants of GDP dissociation and effector interactions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	ADP ribosylation factor 3	Homo sapiens	41-45
11150519-1	2000	Three residues of human ADP-ribosylation factor 3 (ARF3) (F51, W66 and Y81) cluster into a hydrophobic pocket in the inactive, GDP-bound protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	127-130	ADP ribosylation factor 3	Homo sapiens	24-49
11024022-7	2000	Furthermore, AGS3-(463-650) and AGS3-(572-629) effectively blocked the GDP release from G(i)alpha and rhodopsin-induced dissociation of GDP from G(t)alpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	Pho80p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	13-17
11150519-1	2000	Three residues of human ADP-ribosylation factor 3 (ARF3) (F51, W66 and Y81) cluster into a hydrophobic pocket in the inactive, GDP-bound protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	127-130	ADP ribosylation factor 3	Homo sapiens	51-55
11024022-7	2000	Furthermore, AGS3-(463-650) and AGS3-(572-629) effectively blocked the GDP release from G(i)alpha and rhodopsin-induced dissociation of GDP from G(t)alpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	Pho80p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	32-36
11024022-7	2000	Furthermore, AGS3-(463-650) and AGS3-(572-629) effectively blocked the GDP release from G(i)alpha and rhodopsin-induced dissociation of GDP from G(t)alpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	Pho80p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	13-17
11024022-7	2000	Furthermore, AGS3-(463-650) and AGS3-(572-629) effectively blocked the GDP release from G(i)alpha and rhodopsin-induced dissociation of GDP from G(t)alpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	Pho80p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	32-36
11024022-8	2000	The potencies of AGS3-(572-629) and AGS3-(463-650) to suppress the GDP dissociation rates correlated with their ability to inhibit the rates of GTPgammaS binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	Pho80p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	17-21
11024022-8	2000	The potencies of AGS3-(572-629) and AGS3-(463-650) to suppress the GDP dissociation rates correlated with their ability to inhibit the rates of GTPgammaS binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	Pho80p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	36-40
11118206-4	2000	GDP-bound Ypt7p on isolated vacuoles can be extracted by Gdi1p, although only the GTP-bound state allows docking.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	GDP dissociation inhibitor 1	Homo sapiens	57-62
11007780-7	2000	Prenylated, but not nonprenylated, Rac1 binds spontaneously to phagocyte membrane vesicles and also to artificial, protein-free, phosphatidylcholine vesicles, a process counteracted by GDP dissociation inhibitor for Rho.	Guanosine Diphosphate	185-188	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	35-39
11121039-4	2000	By surface plasmon resonance, we found that AGS3 binds exclusively to the GDP-bound form of Galpha(i3).	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	G-protein signaling modulator 1	Rattus norvegicus	44-48
11121039-5	2000	In GTPgammaS binding assays, AGS3 behaves as a guanine dissociation inhibitor (GDI), inhibiting the rate of exchange of GDP for GTP by Galpha(i3).	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	G-protein signaling modulator 1	Rattus norvegicus	29-33
11121039-8	2000	AGS3 stabilizes Galpha(i3) in its GDP-bound form, as it inhibits the increase in tryptophan fluorescence of the Galpha(i3)-GDP subunit stimulated by AlF(4)(-).	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	G-protein signaling modulator 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
11121039-8	2000	AGS3 stabilizes Galpha(i3) in its GDP-bound form, as it inhibits the increase in tryptophan fluorescence of the Galpha(i3)-GDP subunit stimulated by AlF(4)(-).	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	G-protein signaling modulator 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
11085943-12	2000	A synthetic myristoylated peptide corresponding to the N-terminal domain of ARF6 [myrARF6((2-13))] totally abolished PLD activation in the presence of ammonium sulphate and GTP[S], whereas myrARF1((2-17)) and the inhibitory GDP/GTP-exchange factor, Rho GDI, did not.	Guanosine Diphosphate	224-227	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Rattus norvegicus	76-80
11188688-0	2000	Structural and biochemical properties show ARL3-GDP as a distinct GTP binding protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	ADP-ribosylation factor-like 3	Mus musculus	43-47
11188688-4	2000	RESULTS: The 1.7 A crystal structure of murine ARL3-GDP provides a first insight into the structural features of this subgroup of Ar proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	ADP-ribosylation factor-like 3	Mus musculus	47-51
11188688-10	2000	CONCLUSION: The disturbed magnesium binding site and the independence of GDP coordination from the presence of Mg2+ separate ARL2 and ARL3 from Arf proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	ADP-ribosylation factor-like 2	Mus musculus	125-129
11188688-10	2000	CONCLUSION: The disturbed magnesium binding site and the independence of GDP coordination from the presence of Mg2+ separate ARL2 and ARL3 from Arf proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	ADP-ribosylation factor-like 3	Mus musculus	134-138
11099382-6	2000	In two of the four molecules of Sec4-GDP in the asymmetric unit of the Sec4-GDP crystals, the switch II region adopts a conformation similar to that seen in the structure of the small G protein Ran bound to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	194-197
10967094-5	2000	In vitro, TCL shows rapid GDP/GTP exchange and displays higher GTP dissociation and hydolysis rates than TC10.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	ras homolog family member J	Homo sapiens	10-13
10980193-6	2000	When expressed in COS7 cells, ARL4-T34N mutant, predicted to exist with GDP bound, was concentrated in nucleoli.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	ADP-ribosylation factor-like 4A	Mus musculus	30-34
11168590-10	2000	In a microsome-based COPII binding assay, the binding of the GDP-form mutant Sar1p (D32G) is lower on the delta(sed4) microsomes than on the wild-type membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1A	Homo sapiens	77-82
11102533-6	2000	The resulting precipitates can stimulate both GDP release and GTP uptake by Ypt1p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	Rab family GTPase YPT1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	76-81
11114334-0	2000	X-Ray structures of the universal translation initiation factor IF2/eIF5B: conformational changes on GDP and GTP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	64-67
11114334-0	2000	X-Ray structures of the universal translation initiation factor IF2/eIF5B: conformational changes on GDP and GTP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	68-73
11114334-1	2000	X-ray structures of the universal translation initiation factor IF2/eIF5B have been determined in three states: free enzyme, inactive IF2/eIF5B.GDP, and active IF2/eIF5B.GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	64-67
11114334-1	2000	X-ray structures of the universal translation initiation factor IF2/eIF5B have been determined in three states: free enzyme, inactive IF2/eIF5B.GDP, and active IF2/eIF5B.GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	68-73
11076512-5	2000	To further understand the structural requirements for the specific recognition of an m(7)G mRNA cap, we determined the effects of amino acid substitutions in eIF4E and VP39 cap-binding sites on their affinity for m(7)GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	217-220	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E	Homo sapiens	158-163
11076512-7	2000	The results suggest that both eIF4E and VP39 require a complicated pattern of both orientation and identity of the stacking aromatic residues to permit the selective binding of m(7)GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	181-184	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E	Homo sapiens	30-35
11063593-4	2000	To further characterize these sites, eEF-2 was incubated in the presence of N-methylanthraniloyl (Mant) fluorescent derivatives of GTP, GDP, ATP, and ADP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	37-42
11074455-10	2000	By contrast, caveolin-1 enhanced the intrinsic GTPase activity of K(B)-Ras, to convert it into the inactive GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	13-23
11096456-3	2000	GBPs contain an unusual GTP binding site, which is consistent with GBP hydrolysis of GTP to both GDP and GMP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	lectin, galactose binding, soluble 3	Mus musculus	0-3
11040036-1	2000	The functional activity of Cdc42 is known to be regulated by proteins that control its GDP/GTP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	27-32
11040036-12	2000	Instead, the proteins that modulate the GDP/GTP-bound state of Cdc42 may be the primary targets of PKA phosphorylation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	63-68
10913137-8	2000	Most significantly, we found that the GK (and hence the cytosolic component) requirement was fully bypassed by low micromolar concentrations of GDP or GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	guanylate kinase 1	Homo sapiens	38-40
11062257-10	2000	We show that Vps39 directly binds the GDP-bound and nucleotide-free forms of Ypt7 and that purified Vps39 stimulates nucleotide exchange on Ypt7.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	VPS39 subunit of HOPS complex	Homo sapiens	13-18
10859313-5	2000	The affinity is higher for the transition state analog Rab3A:GDP:AlF(x) (15 microm).	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	55-60
10969064-0	2000	Stabilization of the GDP-bound conformation of Gialpha by a peptide derived from the G-protein regulatory motif of AGS3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	115-119
10969064-4	2000	The GPR consensus peptide effectively prevented the binding of AGS3 to Gialpha1,2 in protein interaction assays, inhibited guanosine 5"-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) binding to Gialpha, and stabilized the GDP-bound conformation of Gialpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	198-201	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	63-67
10969064-7	2000	The GPR consensus peptide also blocked receptor coupling to Gialphabetagamma indicating that although the AGS3-GPR peptide stabilized the GDP-bound conformation of Gialpha, this conformation of Gialpha(GDP) was not recognized by a G-protein coupled receptor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	106-110
10969064-7	2000	The GPR consensus peptide also blocked receptor coupling to Gialphabetagamma indicating that although the AGS3-GPR peptide stabilized the GDP-bound conformation of Gialpha, this conformation of Gialpha(GDP) was not recognized by a G-protein coupled receptor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	202-205	G protein signaling modulator 1	Homo sapiens	106-110
11038176-5	2000	Mutants with defects in several TRAPP subunits are temperature-sensitive in their ability to displace GDP from Ypt1p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	111-116
10875935-0	2000	The nucleoporin Nup98 is a site for GDP/GTP exchange on ran and termination of karyopherin beta 2-mediated nuclear import.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	nucleoporin 98 and 96 precursor	Homo sapiens	16-21
11015208-8	2000	The rate of GDP dissociation is lowered only 7-fold and 4-fold in the complexes of tubulin with 4E-stathmin and diphosphostathmin, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	12-15	stathmin 1	Homo sapiens	99-107
11015208-0	2000	Stathmin slows down guanosine diphosphate dissociation from tubulin in a phosphorylation-controlled fashion.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-41	stathmin 1	Homo sapiens	0-8
11015208-2	2000	Here we show that the dissociation of guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP) from beta-tubulin is slowed 20-fold in the (tubulin)(2)-stathmin ternary complex (T(2)S).	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-62	stathmin 1	Homo sapiens	125-133
11015208-2	2000	Here we show that the dissociation of guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP) from beta-tubulin is slowed 20-fold in the (tubulin)(2)-stathmin ternary complex (T(2)S).	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	stathmin 1	Homo sapiens	125-133
10875935-0	2000	The nucleoporin Nup98 is a site for GDP/GTP exchange on ran and termination of karyopherin beta 2-mediated nuclear import.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	transportin 1	Homo sapiens	79-97
10998360-2	2000	Moreover, Rac1 can be activated by several guanine nucleotide exchange factors, which facilitate the release of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	10-14
11249582-4	2000	Molecular modeling studies predicted a high-affinity interaction of the first COBRA compounds, COBRA-0 and COBRA-1, with a unique hydrophobic binding site on alpha-tubulin located between the GTP/GDP binding site and the M-loop.	Guanosine Diphosphate	196-199	negative elongation factor complex member B	Homo sapiens	107-114
11029654-5	2000	A small GTPase Ran ensures the directionality of nuclear transport by regulating the interaction between the receptors and their cargoes through its GTP/GDP cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	15-18
10998062-11	2000	As already observed with eukaryal EF-1alpha, SsEF-1alpha in its GDP-bound form was also able to protect the ester bond of aminoacyl-tRNA, even though with a 10-fold lower efficiency compared with SsEF-1alphaz.rad;Gpp(NH)p. The overall results indicated that the archaeal elongation factor 1alpha shares several properties with eukaryal EF-1alpha but not with eubacterial EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	45-56
10998062-11	2000	As already observed with eukaryal EF-1alpha, SsEF-1alpha in its GDP-bound form was also able to protect the ester bond of aminoacyl-tRNA, even though with a 10-fold lower efficiency compared with SsEF-1alphaz.rad;Gpp(NH)p. The overall results indicated that the archaeal elongation factor 1alpha shares several properties with eukaryal EF-1alpha but not with eubacterial EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	Hsp20/alpha crystallin family protein	Saccharolobus solfataricus	271-295
10998062-11	2000	As already observed with eukaryal EF-1alpha, SsEF-1alpha in its GDP-bound form was also able to protect the ester bond of aminoacyl-tRNA, even though with a 10-fold lower efficiency compared with SsEF-1alphaz.rad;Gpp(NH)p. The overall results indicated that the archaeal elongation factor 1alpha shares several properties with eukaryal EF-1alpha but not with eubacterial EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	47-56
10985780-1	2000	Guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (GDS) promotes the release of tightly bound GDP from various Ras superfamily proteins, including RhoA, Rac1, K-Ras, Rap1A, and Rap1B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	140-144
11041209-4	2000	In contrast, Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), a GDP/GTP exchange protein for Rab3A, was found in the cytosol fraction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	17-20	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	82-87
10995230-5	2000	We used biophysical assays based on fluorescence-labeled probes and on surface plasmon resonance to investigate the dynamic interplay of Ran in its GDP- and GTP-complexed states with RanBDis and with importin-beta.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	137-140
10882715-6	2000	GEF activity of Ras-GRF1 toward Ha-Ras, as defined by in vitro GDP binding and release assays, was augmented after tyrosine phosphorylation by ACK1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
10882715-6	2000	GEF activity of Ras-GRF1 toward Ha-Ras, as defined by in vitro GDP binding and release assays, was augmented after tyrosine phosphorylation by ACK1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	16-24
10985780-1	2000	Guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (GDS) promotes the release of tightly bound GDP from various Ras superfamily proteins, including RhoA, Rac1, K-Ras, Rap1A, and Rap1B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	146-150
10985780-1	2000	Guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (GDS) promotes the release of tightly bound GDP from various Ras superfamily proteins, including RhoA, Rac1, K-Ras, Rap1A, and Rap1B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	152-157
10985780-1	2000	Guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (GDS) promotes the release of tightly bound GDP from various Ras superfamily proteins, including RhoA, Rac1, K-Ras, Rap1A, and Rap1B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	159-164
10985780-1	2000	Guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (GDS) promotes the release of tightly bound GDP from various Ras superfamily proteins, including RhoA, Rac1, K-Ras, Rap1A, and Rap1B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	RAP1B, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	170-175
10985780-3	2000	Studies are reported here of the mechanism of GDS-mediated nucleotide release from RhoA using a combination of equilibrium and stopped-flow kinetic measurements, employing fluorescent N-methylanthraniloyl (mant) derivatives of GDP and 2"-deoxyGDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	227-230	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	83-87
10869342-3	2000	In this bacterium, CobU is the adenosylcobinamide kinase/adenosylcobinamide-phosphate guanylyltransferase needed to convert cobinamide to adenosylcobinamide-GDP during the late steps of adenosylcobalamin biosynthesis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	157-160	bifunctional adenosylcobinamide kinase/adenosylcobinamide-phosphate guanylyltransferase	Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium str. LT2	19-23
10975833-11	2000	Rac cycling between its GTP- and GDP-bound states is necessary for this signaling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-36	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
10970842-1	2000	Through two-hybrid interactions, protein affinity and localization studies, we previously identified Yip1p, an integral yeast Golgi membrane protein able to bind the Ras-like GTPases Ypt1p and Ypt31p in their GDP-bound conformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	209-212	transporter YIP1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	101-106
11007481-2	2000	Proteins containing the Dbl homology (DH) domain are responsible for activating Rho GTPases by catalyzing the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	24-27
10970842-1	2000	Through two-hybrid interactions, protein affinity and localization studies, we previously identified Yip1p, an integral yeast Golgi membrane protein able to bind the Ras-like GTPases Ypt1p and Ypt31p in their GDP-bound conformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	209-212	Rab family GTPase YPT1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	183-188
10970842-1	2000	Through two-hybrid interactions, protein affinity and localization studies, we previously identified Yip1p, an integral yeast Golgi membrane protein able to bind the Ras-like GTPases Ypt1p and Ypt31p in their GDP-bound conformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	209-212	Rab family GTPase YPT31	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	193-199
11045624-4	2000	Equilibrium dialysis with [3H]GDP was used to measure the equilibrium dissociation constant of the EF-Tu(mt) x GDP complex (K(GDP) = 1.0 +/- 0.1 microM).	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	99-108
11045624-4	2000	Equilibrium dialysis with [3H]GDP was used to measure the equilibrium dissociation constant of the EF-Tu(mt) x GDP complex (K(GDP) = 1.0 +/- 0.1 microM).	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	99-108
11045624-5	2000	Competition of GTP with a fluorescent derivative of GDP (mantGDP) for binding to EF-Tu(mt) was used to measure the dissociation constant of the EF-Tu(mt) x GTP complex (K(GTP) = 18 +/- 9 microM).	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	81-90
11045624-4	2000	Equilibrium dialysis with [3H]GDP was used to measure the equilibrium dissociation constant of the EF-Tu(mt) x GDP complex (K(GDP) = 1.0 +/- 0.1 microM).	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	99-108
11045624-5	2000	Competition of GTP with a fluorescent derivative of GDP (mantGDP) for binding to EF-Tu(mt) was used to measure the dissociation constant of the EF-Tu(mt) x GTP complex (K(GTP) = 18 +/- 9 microM).	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	144-153
10954741-7	2000	These results suggest that, on initial docking steps between ARF1-GDP and Sec7d, BFA inserts like a wedge between the switch II region of ARF1-GDP and a surface encompassing residues 190-208, at the border of the characteristic hydrophobic groove of Sec7d.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
11045624-7	2000	Both K(GDP) and K(GTP) for EF-Tu(mt) are quite different (about two orders of magnitude higher) than the dissociation constants of the corresponding complexes formed by Escherichia coli EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	7-10	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	27-36
11045624-7	2000	Both K(GDP) and K(GTP) for EF-Tu(mt) are quite different (about two orders of magnitude higher) than the dissociation constants of the corresponding complexes formed by Escherichia coli EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	7-10	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	27-32
11045624-8	2000	The forward and reverse rate constants for the association and dissociation of the EF-Tu(mt) x GDP complex were determined using the change in the fluorescence of mantGDP upon interaction with EF-Tu(mt).	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	83-92
11045624-8	2000	The forward and reverse rate constants for the association and dissociation of the EF-Tu(mt) x GDP complex were determined using the change in the fluorescence of mantGDP upon interaction with EF-Tu(mt).	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	193-202
11045624-9	2000	These values are in agreement with a simple equilibrium binding interaction between EF-Tu(mt) and GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	84-93
11045624-10	2000	The results obtained are discussed in terms of the recently described crystal structure of the EF-Tu(mt) x GDP complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	95-104
10954741-2	2000	Recent studies indicated that brefeldin A (BFA) inhibits Sec7d-catalyzed nucleotide exchange on ARF1 in an uncompetitive manner by trapping an early intermediate of the reaction: a complex between GDP-bound ARF1 and Sec7d.	Guanosine Diphosphate	197-200	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	96-100
10954741-2	2000	Recent studies indicated that brefeldin A (BFA) inhibits Sec7d-catalyzed nucleotide exchange on ARF1 in an uncompetitive manner by trapping an early intermediate of the reaction: a complex between GDP-bound ARF1 and Sec7d.	Guanosine Diphosphate	197-200	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	207-211
10945859-8	2000	GDP/guanosine-5"-O-(3-thio)triphosphate exchange catalyzed by the N281A mutant was lower than that observed for the wild-type GRP-R.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	gastrin releasing peptide receptor	Mus musculus	126-131
10954741-7	2000	These results suggest that, on initial docking steps between ARF1-GDP and Sec7d, BFA inserts like a wedge between the switch II region of ARF1-GDP and a surface encompassing residues 190-208, at the border of the characteristic hydrophobic groove of Sec7d.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	138-142
10954741-3	2000	Using (3)H-labeled BFA, we show that BFA binds to neither isolated Sec7d nor isolated ARF1-GDP, but binds to the transitory Sec7d-ARF1-GDP complex and stabilizes it.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	124-134
10954741-8	2000	Bound BFA would prevent the switch regions of ARF1-GDP from reorganizing and forming tighter contacts with Sec7d and thereby would maintain the bound GDP of ARF1 at a distance from the catalytic glutamic finger of Sec7d.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	46-50
10954741-8	2000	Bound BFA would prevent the switch regions of ARF1-GDP from reorganizing and forming tighter contacts with Sec7d and thereby would maintain the bound GDP of ARF1 at a distance from the catalytic glutamic finger of Sec7d.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	157-161
10954741-8	2000	Bound BFA would prevent the switch regions of ARF1-GDP from reorganizing and forming tighter contacts with Sec7d and thereby would maintain the bound GDP of ARF1 at a distance from the catalytic glutamic finger of Sec7d.	Guanosine Diphosphate	150-153	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	46-50
10954741-8	2000	Bound BFA would prevent the switch regions of ARF1-GDP from reorganizing and forming tighter contacts with Sec7d and thereby would maintain the bound GDP of ARF1 at a distance from the catalytic glutamic finger of Sec7d.	Guanosine Diphosphate	150-153	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	157-161
10840034-5	2000	We also demonstrate that catalyzing GDP/GTP exchange on Cdc42 facilitates Ras-GRF-induced MAPK activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	56-61
10835426-2	2000	This novel GEF, referred to as CalDAG-GEFIII, increased the GTP/GDP ratio of Ha-Ras, R-Ras, and Rap1 in 293T cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	11-14
10843997-2	2000	Transient expression of ARF-1(T31N), a GDP-restrictive mutant, significantly inhibited apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB-100) VLDL production without influencing the biosynthesis of apoB-100 low density lipoproteins or total apoB production (indicating that it inhibited the second step of VLDL assembly) and without altering total protein production or biosynthesis of transferrin, phosphatidylcholine, or triglycerides.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	ADP-ribosylation factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	24-29
10843997-2	2000	Transient expression of ARF-1(T31N), a GDP-restrictive mutant, significantly inhibited apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB-100) VLDL production without influencing the biosynthesis of apoB-100 low density lipoproteins or total apoB production (indicating that it inhibited the second step of VLDL assembly) and without altering total protein production or biosynthesis of transferrin, phosphatidylcholine, or triglycerides.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	apolipoprotein B	Rattus norvegicus	87-107
10843997-2	2000	Transient expression of ARF-1(T31N), a GDP-restrictive mutant, significantly inhibited apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB-100) VLDL production without influencing the biosynthesis of apoB-100 low density lipoproteins or total apoB production (indicating that it inhibited the second step of VLDL assembly) and without altering total protein production or biosynthesis of transferrin, phosphatidylcholine, or triglycerides.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	apolipoprotein B	Rattus norvegicus	109-117
10843989-6	2000	The GDP dissociation rates of the GTPases could be further stimulated by GEF upon removal of bound Mg(2+), indicating that the GEF-catalyzed nucleotide exchange involves a Mg(2+)-independent as well as a Mg(2+)-dependent mechanism.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	73-76
10843989-6	2000	The GDP dissociation rates of the GTPases could be further stimulated by GEF upon removal of bound Mg(2+), indicating that the GEF-catalyzed nucleotide exchange involves a Mg(2+)-independent as well as a Mg(2+)-dependent mechanism.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	127-130
10852917-5	2000	Values for K(m) and V(max) were determined to be 12.2 nm and 250.7 fmol/min, respectively, at 0 degrees C. The calculated turnover number (K(cat)) of 43.2 pmol of GDP released per min/pmol of eIF2B at 30 degrees C is approximately 1 order of magnitude lower than values previously reported for the mammalian factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	163-166	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	192-197
10835426-2	2000	This novel GEF, referred to as CalDAG-GEFIII, increased the GTP/GDP ratio of Ha-Ras, R-Ras, and Rap1 in 293T cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	RAS guanyl releasing protein 3	Homo sapiens	31-44
10835426-2	2000	This novel GEF, referred to as CalDAG-GEFIII, increased the GTP/GDP ratio of Ha-Ras, R-Ras, and Rap1 in 293T cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	96-100
10930454-7	2000	Vav2 is a GDP/GTP exchange protein for Rho.	Guanosine Diphosphate	10-13	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Canis lupus familiaris	0-4
10944329-4	2000	Comparisons of the structure of GDP-bound PfRab6 with the recently determined structures of Rab3A in complex with either a GTP analog or with GTP and Rabphillin present structural evidence supporting the traditional model for the molecular GTP/GDP switch in Rab proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	244-247	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	92-97
10913189-5	2000	The half-life of GTP-Rap2 was significantly longer than that of GTP-Rap1 in 293T cells, indicating that low sensitivity to GAPs caused a high GTP/GDP ratio on Rap2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	RAP2A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	21-25
10913189-5	2000	The half-life of GTP-Rap2 was significantly longer than that of GTP-Rap1 in 293T cells, indicating that low sensitivity to GAPs caused a high GTP/GDP ratio on Rap2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	RAP2A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	159-163
10944329-0	2000	Structure of the nucleotide-binding domain of Plasmodium falciparum rab6 in the GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	RAB6A, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	68-72
10944329-2	2000	The nucleotide-binding domain of Rab6 from the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum was crystallized with GDP bound to the active site.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	RAB6A, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	33-37
10944329-4	2000	Comparisons of the structure of GDP-bound PfRab6 with the recently determined structures of Rab3A in complex with either a GTP analog or with GTP and Rabphillin present structural evidence supporting the traditional model for the molecular GTP/GDP switch in Rab proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	44-47
10913825-4	2000	We examined the enzyme activity of a glutathione S-transferase fusion of each VIG9 gene to synthesize GDP mannose in the cell extracts of a heterologous Escherichia coli expression system.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	mannose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	78-82
10891280-2	2000	In the crystal structure of GDP-bound EF-G, domain 1 (G domain) makes direct contacts with domains 2 and 5, whereas domain 4 protrudes from the body of the molecule.	Guanosine Diphosphate	28-31	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	38-42
10801827-3	2000	EF-Tu is released from the ribosome as an EF-Tu.GDP complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	0-5
10884348-1	2000	Transport across the nuclear membranes occurs through the nuclear pore complex (NPC), and is mediated by soluble transport factors including Ran, a small GTPase that is generally GDP-bound during import and GTP-bound for export.	Guanosine Diphosphate	179-182	RAN, member RAS oncogene family S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	141-144
10801827-3	2000	EF-Tu is released from the ribosome as an EF-Tu.GDP complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	42-47
10801827-4	2000	Exchange of GDP for GTP is carried out through the formation of a complex with EF-Ts (EF-Tu.Ts).	Guanosine Diphosphate	12-15	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	79-84
10801827-4	2000	Exchange of GDP for GTP is carried out through the formation of a complex with EF-Ts (EF-Tu.Ts).	Guanosine Diphosphate	12-15	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	86-91
10949022-2	2000	Here, we show that Bfa1p and Bub2p bind the Ras-like GTPase Tem1p, a component of the mitotic exit network, to the cytoplasmic face of the SPB that enters the bud, whereas the GDP/GTP exchange factor Lte1p is associated with the cortex of the bud.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	Bfa1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	19-24
10947844-1	2000	BACKGROUND: Frabin is an actin filament (F-actin)-binding protein that shows GDP/GTP exchange activity for Cdc42 small G protein (Cdc42).	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	cell division control protein 42 homolog	Canis lupus familiaris	107-112
10947844-1	2000	BACKGROUND: Frabin is an actin filament (F-actin)-binding protein that shows GDP/GTP exchange activity for Cdc42 small G protein (Cdc42).	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	cell division control protein 42 homolog	Canis lupus familiaris	130-135
10949022-2	2000	Here, we show that Bfa1p and Bub2p bind the Ras-like GTPase Tem1p, a component of the mitotic exit network, to the cytoplasmic face of the SPB that enters the bud, whereas the GDP/GTP exchange factor Lte1p is associated with the cortex of the bud.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	Bub2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	29-34
10949022-2	2000	Here, we show that Bfa1p and Bub2p bind the Ras-like GTPase Tem1p, a component of the mitotic exit network, to the cytoplasmic face of the SPB that enters the bud, whereas the GDP/GTP exchange factor Lte1p is associated with the cortex of the bud.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	CD248 molecule	Homo sapiens	60-65
10871857-1	2000	Frabin is an actin filament-binding protein which shows GDP/GTP exchange activity specific for Cdc42 small G protein and induces filopodium-like microspike formation and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation presumably through the activation of Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	95-100
11279364-4	2000	In addition to the catalytic domain which catalyzes dissociation of Ras-GDP, RasGRP has a pair of calcium-binding EF hands and a diacylglycerol binding domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	77-83
10858452-9	2000	Comparison of the enzymatic properties of the splice variants revealed a broader substrate specificity for hLALP70v with CTP, UDP, CDP, GTP, and GDP as preferred substrates, while hLALP70 utilized UTP and TTP preferentially.	Guanosine Diphosphate	145-148	ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 4	Homo sapiens	107-114
10871857-1	2000	Frabin is an actin filament-binding protein which shows GDP/GTP exchange activity specific for Cdc42 small G protein and induces filopodium-like microspike formation and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation presumably through the activation of Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	170-193
10881192-3	2000	The crystal structure of Arf6-GDP at 2.3 A shows that it has a conformation similar to that of Arf1-GDP, which cannot bind membranes with high affinity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	25-29
10751420-7	2000	PRA1 can also bind weakly to GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), a protein involved in the solubilization of membrane-bound Rab GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	Rab acceptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
10747953-2	2000	We have analyzed the function of this region and the effect of its farnesylation with respect to the action of the GDP/GTP exchange factors (GEFs) Cdc25p and Sdc25p and the target adenylyl cyclase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	147-153
10747953-2	2000	We have analyzed the function of this region and the effect of its farnesylation with respect to the action of the GDP/GTP exchange factors (GEFs) Cdc25p and Sdc25p and the target adenylyl cyclase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	SDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	158-164
10747953-6	2000	These results indicate that in membrane-bound full-length GEF the N-terminal moiety regulates the interaction between catalytic domain and farnesylated Ras2p.GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	158-161	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	152-157
10748207-0	2000	An open conformation of switch I revealed by the crystal structure of a Mg2+-free form of RHOA complexed with GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	90-94
10748207-3	2000	We determined the crystal structure of a small GTPase RHOA complexed with GDP in the absence of Mg(2+) at 2.0-A resolution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	54-58
10748207-6	2000	This RHOA-GDP structure reveals an important regulatory role for Mg(2+) and suggests that guanine nucleotide exchange factor may utilize this feature of switch I to produce an open conformation in GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	10-13	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	5-9
10748207-6	2000	This RHOA-GDP structure reveals an important regulatory role for Mg(2+) and suggests that guanine nucleotide exchange factor may utilize this feature of switch I to produce an open conformation in GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	197-200	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	5-9
10814706-1	2000	GDP-L-Fuc:N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide alpha1,6-fucosyltransferase (alpha1,6FucT) catalyzes the transfer of a fucosyl moiety from GDP-fucose to the asparagine-linked GlcNAc residue of complex N-glycans via alpha1,6-linkage.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	fucosyltransferase 8	Homo sapiens	69-81
10911995-4	2000	Ran depletion can be complemented by the addition of Ran loaded with either GTP or GDP but not with GTP gamma S. RCC1 depletion is only complemented by RCC1 itself or by RanGTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	ran GTP-binding protein	Xenopus laevis	0-3
10881192-3	2000	The crystal structure of Arf6-GDP at 2.3 A shows that it has a conformation similar to that of Arf1-GDP, which cannot bind membranes with high affinity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	95-99
10911995-4	2000	Ran depletion can be complemented by the addition of Ran loaded with either GTP or GDP but not with GTP gamma S. RCC1 depletion is only complemented by RCC1 itself or by RanGTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	ran GTP-binding protein	Xenopus laevis	53-56
10881192-3	2000	The crystal structure of Arf6-GDP at 2.3 A shows that it has a conformation similar to that of Arf1-GDP, which cannot bind membranes with high affinity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	25-29
10881192-3	2000	The crystal structure of Arf6-GDP at 2.3 A shows that it has a conformation similar to that of Arf1-GDP, which cannot bind membranes with high affinity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	95-99
10779444-7	2000	This study determined that the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-dissociation inhibitor RhoGDI is overexpressed at the protein level in patients" neutrophils and that overexpression is a result of G-CSF treatment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-52	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	82-88
10831612-7	2000	Experiments using these altered forms of Arl2 in vitro and in vivo demonstrate that it is GDP-bound Arl2 that interacts with cofactor D, thereby averting tubulin and microtubule destruction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	41-45
10831612-7	2000	Experiments using these altered forms of Arl2 in vitro and in vivo demonstrate that it is GDP-bound Arl2 that interacts with cofactor D, thereby averting tubulin and microtubule destruction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	100-104
10831612-7	2000	Experiments using these altered forms of Arl2 in vitro and in vivo demonstrate that it is GDP-bound Arl2 that interacts with cofactor D, thereby averting tubulin and microtubule destruction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	tubulin folding cofactor D	Homo sapiens	125-135
10937868-5	2000	Only when a matching codon is recognized, the GTPase of EF-Tu is stimulated, rapid GTP hydrolysis and Pi release take place, EF-Tu rearranges to the GDP form, and aminoacyl-tRNA is released into the peptidyltransferase center.	Guanosine Diphosphate	149-152	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	56-61
10937868-5	2000	Only when a matching codon is recognized, the GTPase of EF-Tu is stimulated, rapid GTP hydrolysis and Pi release take place, EF-Tu rearranges to the GDP form, and aminoacyl-tRNA is released into the peptidyltransferase center.	Guanosine Diphosphate	149-152	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	125-130
10797308-5	2000	Coimmunoprecipitation studies demonstrated that both EGF and Cpd 5 induced tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR was associated with increased amounts of adapter proteins Shc and Grb2, and the Ras GTP-GDP exchange protein Sos, indicating the formation of functional EGFR complexes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	196-199	epidermal growth factor receptor	Rattus norvegicus	103-107
10827954-4	2000	NE assembly required the cycling of guanine nucleotides on Ran and was promoted by RCC1, a nucleotide exchange factor recruited to beads by Ran-guanosine diphosphate (Ran-GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-165	regulator of chromosome condensation 1 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	83-87
10779444-7	2000	This study determined that the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-dissociation inhibitor RhoGDI is overexpressed at the protein level in patients" neutrophils and that overexpression is a result of G-CSF treatment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-52	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	191-196
10779444-7	2000	This study determined that the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-dissociation inhibitor RhoGDI is overexpressed at the protein level in patients" neutrophils and that overexpression is a result of G-CSF treatment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	82-88
10779444-7	2000	This study determined that the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-dissociation inhibitor RhoGDI is overexpressed at the protein level in patients" neutrophils and that overexpression is a result of G-CSF treatment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	191-196
10793158-1	2000	Small GTP-binding protein GDP dissociation stimulator (Smg GDS) regulates GDP/GTP exchange reaction of Ki-Ras and the Rho and Rap1 family members and inhibits their binding to membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog	Mus musculus	103-109
10793158-1	2000	Small GTP-binding protein GDP dissociation stimulator (Smg GDS) regulates GDP/GTP exchange reaction of Ki-Ras and the Rho and Rap1 family members and inhibits their binding to membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog	Mus musculus	103-109
10747781-0	2000	Coupling between the N- and C-terminal domains influences transducin-alpha intrinsic GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	G protein subunit alpha z	Homo sapiens	58-74
10758162-8	2000	Rac2(D57N) binds GDP but not GTP and inhibits oxidase activation and O(2)(-) production in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	17-20	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
10734089-2	2000	Membrane-bound GDP-Rabs interact with GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), resulting in the dissociation of a Rab.GDI complex, which in turn serves as a precursor for the membrane re-association of Rabs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	15-18	RAB1B, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	19-22
10727423-4	2000	Surprisingly, the guanine nucleotide dissociation constants for both Rem2 and Rem are significantly different than the majority of the Ras-related GTPases, displaying higher dissociation rates for GTP than GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	206-209	RRAD and GEM like GTPase 2	Rattus norvegicus	69-73
10715211-0	2000	High resolution crystal structure of bovine mitochondrial EF-Tu in complex with GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Bos taurus	58-63
10715211-1	2000	The crystal structure of bovine mitochondrial elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) in complex with GDP has been determined at a resolution of 1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Bos taurus	68-73
10715211-3	2000	The structure is similar to that of EF-Tu:GDP from Escherichia coli and Thermus aquaticus, but the orientation of the GDP-binding domain 1 is changed relative to domains 2 and 3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Bos taurus	36-41
10715211-3	2000	The structure is similar to that of EF-Tu:GDP from Escherichia coli and Thermus aquaticus, but the orientation of the GDP-binding domain 1 is changed relative to domains 2 and 3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Bos taurus	36-41
10715211-4	2000	Sixteen conserved water molecules common to EF-Tu and other G-proteins in the GDP-binding site are described.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Bos taurus	44-49
10715211-6	2000	Mitochondrial EF-Tu binds nucleotides less tightly than prokaryotic EF-Tu possibly due to an increased mobility in regions close to the GDP-binding site.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Bos taurus	14-19
10715211-6	2000	Mitochondrial EF-Tu binds nucleotides less tightly than prokaryotic EF-Tu possibly due to an increased mobility in regions close to the GDP-binding site.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Bos taurus	68-73
10719047-3	2000	Both GRK2(1-181) and GRK2(54-174) suppressed Ca2+ responses induced by angiotensin II (Ang II) and ET-1, and bound directly with Galphaq but not Galphas nor Galphai3 in the presence of GDP and AlF4-.	Guanosine Diphosphate	185-188	G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2	Homo sapiens	5-9
10719047-3	2000	Both GRK2(1-181) and GRK2(54-174) suppressed Ca2+ responses induced by angiotensin II (Ang II) and ET-1, and bound directly with Galphaq but not Galphas nor Galphai3 in the presence of GDP and AlF4-.	Guanosine Diphosphate	185-188	G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2	Homo sapiens	21-25
10719047-3	2000	Both GRK2(1-181) and GRK2(54-174) suppressed Ca2+ responses induced by angiotensin II (Ang II) and ET-1, and bound directly with Galphaq but not Galphas nor Galphai3 in the presence of GDP and AlF4-.	Guanosine Diphosphate	185-188	G protein subunit alpha q	Homo sapiens	129-136
10705368-3	2000	Here we have characterized the Gpa1(G50V) mutant protein in vitro by examining GTPgammaS binding, GDP exchange, GTP occupancy and guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	31-35
10734073-10	2000	The eIF2.GDP binary complex was cleaved much less efficiently by caspase 3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	4-8
10734073-10	2000	The eIF2.GDP binary complex was cleaved much less efficiently by caspase 3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	65-74
10734073-12	2000	Analysis showed that after caspase cleavage, exchange of GDP bound to eIF2 was very rapid and no longer dependent upon eIF2B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	70-74
10698706-0	2000	GDP dissociation inhibitor D4-GDI (Rho-GDI 2), but not the homologous rho-GDI 1, is cleaved by caspase-3 during drug-induced apoptosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	35-44
10698706-0	2000	GDP dissociation inhibitor D4-GDI (Rho-GDI 2), but not the homologous rho-GDI 1, is cleaved by caspase-3 during drug-induced apoptosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	95-104
10698706-2	2000	In the present study, cleavage of D4-GDI (Rho-GDI 2), an abundant haemopoietic-cell GDP dissociation inhibitor for the Ras-related Rho family GTPases, was demonstrated after treatment of BJAB Burkitt-like lymphoma cells with taxol or epirubicin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	42-51
10698706-6	2000	Our results strongly suggest the differential regulation of the homologous GDP dissociation inhibitors Rho-GDI 1 and D4-GDI during drug-induced apoptosis by proteolysis mediated by caspase-3 but not by caspase-1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	103-112
10698706-6	2000	Our results strongly suggest the differential regulation of the homologous GDP dissociation inhibitors Rho-GDI 1 and D4-GDI during drug-induced apoptosis by proteolysis mediated by caspase-3 but not by caspase-1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	181-190
10734089-2	2000	Membrane-bound GDP-Rabs interact with GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), resulting in the dissociation of a Rab.GDI complex, which in turn serves as a precursor for the membrane re-association of Rabs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	15-18	RAB1B, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	19-23
10669745-1	2000	Vav works as a GDP/GTP exchange factor for Rac GTPases, thereby facilitating the transition of these proteins from the inactive (GDP-bound) into the active (GTP-bound) state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	15-18	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
10734312-2	2000	Shc is believed to be regulated by a change in subcellular localization from the cytosol to the plasma membrane, where it recruits Grb-2/Sos complexes and hence permits juxtaposition of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sos to Ras, resulting in GDP/GTP exchange and Ras activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	250-253	SHC adaptor protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
10734312-2	2000	Shc is believed to be regulated by a change in subcellular localization from the cytosol to the plasma membrane, where it recruits Grb-2/Sos complexes and hence permits juxtaposition of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sos to Ras, resulting in GDP/GTP exchange and Ras activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	250-253	xylosyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens	225-228
10737386-4	2000	Mutant K-Ras genes were expressed at high levels in Escherichia coli and the resultant K-Ras proteins were shown to be functional with respect to their well-known specific, high-affinity, GDP/GTP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	188-191	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	7-12
10737386-4	2000	Mutant K-Ras genes were expressed at high levels in Escherichia coli and the resultant K-Ras proteins were shown to be functional with respect to their well-known specific, high-affinity, GDP/GTP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	188-191	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	87-92
10722731-7	2000	Additionally, expression of N17Ras, but not L61S186Ras, a GTP-bound interfering mutant, inhibited MEK-induced Elk-1 phosphorylation, suggesting that inhibition of Elk-1 may be unique to GDP-bound Ras mutants.	Guanosine Diphosphate	186-189	midkine	Mus musculus	98-101
10692441-11	2000	Using Rac1, the Dbl homology-pleckstrin homology domain catalyzed the in vitro exchange of bound GDP with GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	6-10
10669745-1	2000	Vav works as a GDP/GTP exchange factor for Rac GTPases, thereby facilitating the transition of these proteins from the inactive (GDP-bound) into the active (GTP-bound) state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
10681590-1	2000	Translocation of the SOS and Vav GDP/GTP exchange factors proximal to Ras and Rac GTPases localized in the plasma membrane glycolipid-enriched microdomains is a pivotal step required for T cell antigen receptor-induced T cell activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-36	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	29-32
10664460-3	2000	We report here the identification of the hematopoietic GDP dissociation inhibitor protein, Ly-GDI, as a protein that interacts with the amino-terminus of Vav.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	91-97
10669609-3	2000	The structures of A. thaliana and T. aestivum AdSS in complex with GDP were solved at 2.9 A and 3.0 A resolution, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	adenylosuccinate synthetase, chloroplastic	Triticum aestivum	46-50
10684618-10	2000	The metal-metal distance for the M(n(1))-PEPCK-M(n(2))-GTP complex is approximately 8.3 A, and the distance for the M(n(1))-PEPCK-M(n(2))-GDP complex is 9.2 A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1	Gallus gallus	41-46
10684618-10	2000	The metal-metal distance for the M(n(1))-PEPCK-M(n(2))-GTP complex is approximately 8.3 A, and the distance for the M(n(1))-PEPCK-M(n(2))-GDP complex is 9.2 A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1	Gallus gallus	124-129
10664460-3	2000	We report here the identification of the hematopoietic GDP dissociation inhibitor protein, Ly-GDI, as a protein that interacts with the amino-terminus of Vav.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	154-157
10664460-0	2000	Vav, a GDP/GTP nucleotide exchange factor, interacts with GDIs, proteins that inhibit GDP/GTP dissociation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	7-10	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
10664460-8	2000	The contribution of the interaction between Vav and GDIs, proteins that are involved in the GDP/GTP exchange processes, to the biological function of Vav is further discussed.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	44-47
10664460-8	2000	The contribution of the interaction between Vav and GDIs, proteins that are involved in the GDP/GTP exchange processes, to the biological function of Vav is further discussed.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	150-153
10676816-3	2000	First, the amino-terminal regulatory arm of the GDI binds to the switch I and II domains of Cdc42 leading to the inhibition of both GDP dissociation and GTP hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	132-135	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	92-97
10679025-2	2000	NTF2 has been shown to bind nuclear pore complex proteins and the GDP form of Ran in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	78-81
10655614-2	2000	We have solved the crystal structure of a complex between the RhoGDI homolog LyGDI and GDP-bound Rac2, which are abundant in leukocytes, representing the cytosolic, resting pool of Rho species to be activated by extracellular signals.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	62-68
10655614-2	2000	We have solved the crystal structure of a complex between the RhoGDI homolog LyGDI and GDP-bound Rac2, which are abundant in leukocytes, representing the cytosolic, resting pool of Rho species to be activated by extracellular signals.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	77-82
10655614-2	2000	We have solved the crystal structure of a complex between the RhoGDI homolog LyGDI and GDP-bound Rac2, which are abundant in leukocytes, representing the cytosolic, resting pool of Rho species to be activated by extracellular signals.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	97-101
10716190-2	2000	The RhoA/RhoGDI complex, purified to greater than 98% at high yield from the yeast cytosolic fraction, could be stoichiometrically ADP-ribosylated by Clostridium botulinum C3 exoenzyme, contained stoichiometric GDP, and could be nucleotide exchanged fully with [3H]GDP or partially with GTP in the presence of submicromolar Mg2+.	Guanosine Diphosphate	211-214	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	4-8
10716190-2	2000	The RhoA/RhoGDI complex, purified to greater than 98% at high yield from the yeast cytosolic fraction, could be stoichiometrically ADP-ribosylated by Clostridium botulinum C3 exoenzyme, contained stoichiometric GDP, and could be nucleotide exchanged fully with [3H]GDP or partially with GTP in the presence of submicromolar Mg2+.	Guanosine Diphosphate	265-268	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	4-8
10716190-5	2000	The constitutively active G14V-RhoA mutant expressed as a complex with RhoGDI and purified without added nucleotide also bound stoichiometric guanine nucleotide: 95% contained GDP and 5% GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	31-35
10716190-7	2000	In vitro, GTP-bound-RhoA spontaneously translocated from its complex with RhoGDI to liposomes, whereas GDP-RhoA did not.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	107-111
10758485-2	2000	Mutational analysis of ARA4 indicated that the Ara4 protein titrates at least three factors in yeast, including the GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI).	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolases superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	23-27
10758485-2	2000	Mutational analysis of ARA4 indicated that the Ara4 protein titrates at least three factors in yeast, including the GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI).	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolases superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	47-51
10758485-2	2000	Mutational analysis of ARA4 indicated that the Ara4 protein titrates at least three factors in yeast, including the GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI).	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	GDP dissociation inhibitor family protein / Rab GTPase activator family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	144-147
10679025-2	2000	NTF2 has been shown to bind nuclear pore complex proteins and the GDP form of Ran in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	nuclear transport factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
10673424-4	2000	The cytosolic guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors, RhoGDIs, regulate both the GDP/GTP exchange cycle and the membrane association/dissociation cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	58-65
10644728-5	2000	In addition, the analysis of the intrinsic nucleotide exchange in mutant G(s)alpha indicated an interaction between the C terminus and the switch II region in G(t)alpha.GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	169-172	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	73-82
10623590-4	2000	On the other hand, the PDZ domain of PICK1 is capable of interacting with constitutively active, GTP-bound forms of ARF1 and ARF3, but neither with those of ARF5/6 nor with the GDP-bound ARFs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	177-180	protein interacting with PRKCA 1	Homo sapiens	37-42
10632732-1	2000	Guanylate kinase is an essential enzyme for nucleotide metabolism, phosphorylating GMP to GDP or dGMP to dGDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	guanylate kinase	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-16
10673353-7	2000	Since recently Vav has been shown to promote the GDP/GTP exchange activity of the cytoskeleton signaling molecule small GTPase Rac1 and activates its downstream signaling, our present findings raise the possibility of involvement of the small GTPase in IFN signaling leading to its biological effects, including cytoskeleton reorganization.	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	15-18
10673353-7	2000	Since recently Vav has been shown to promote the GDP/GTP exchange activity of the cytoskeleton signaling molecule small GTPase Rac1 and activates its downstream signaling, our present findings raise the possibility of involvement of the small GTPase in IFN signaling leading to its biological effects, including cytoskeleton reorganization.	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	127-131
10673353-7	2000	Since recently Vav has been shown to promote the GDP/GTP exchange activity of the cytoskeleton signaling molecule small GTPase Rac1 and activates its downstream signaling, our present findings raise the possibility of involvement of the small GTPase in IFN signaling leading to its biological effects, including cytoskeleton reorganization.	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	253-256
12471894-2	2000	Unlike other GTPases, but by analogy to the myosin motor, EF-G performs its function of powering translocation in the GDP-bound form; that is, in a kinetically stable ribosome-EF-G(GDP) complex formed by GTP hydrolysis on the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	myosin heavy chain 14	Homo sapiens	44-50
12471894-2	2000	Unlike other GTPases, but by analogy to the myosin motor, EF-G performs its function of powering translocation in the GDP-bound form; that is, in a kinetically stable ribosome-EF-G(GDP) complex formed by GTP hydrolysis on the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	58-62
12471894-2	2000	Unlike other GTPases, but by analogy to the myosin motor, EF-G performs its function of powering translocation in the GDP-bound form; that is, in a kinetically stable ribosome-EF-G(GDP) complex formed by GTP hydrolysis on the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	176-180
12471894-2	2000	Unlike other GTPases, but by analogy to the myosin motor, EF-G performs its function of powering translocation in the GDP-bound form; that is, in a kinetically stable ribosome-EF-G(GDP) complex formed by GTP hydrolysis on the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	181-184	myosin heavy chain 14	Homo sapiens	44-50
12471894-2	2000	Unlike other GTPases, but by analogy to the myosin motor, EF-G performs its function of powering translocation in the GDP-bound form; that is, in a kinetically stable ribosome-EF-G(GDP) complex formed by GTP hydrolysis on the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	181-184	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	58-62
12471894-2	2000	Unlike other GTPases, but by analogy to the myosin motor, EF-G performs its function of powering translocation in the GDP-bound form; that is, in a kinetically stable ribosome-EF-G(GDP) complex formed by GTP hydrolysis on the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	181-184	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	176-180
10608818-1	1999	Sec7 domains catalyze the replacement of GDP by GTP on the G protein ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (myrARF1) by interacting with its switch I and II regions and by destabilizing, through a glutamic finger, the beta-phosphate of the bound GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	234-237	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
10724483-8	2000	Although RAS2 is not involved in the regulation of SRP1 expression, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Cdc25, which is known to control the GTP/GDP ratio on the Ras proteins, was nevertheless required for hypoxic SRP1 expression.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	107-112
10649434-0	2000	Mutagenesis in the switch IV of the helical domain of the human Gsalpha reduces its GDP/GTP exchange rate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	64-71
10649434-11	2000	These data provide new evidence on the role that HD is playing in modulating the GDP/GTP exchange of the Gsalpha subunit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	105-112
11455956-2	2000	RalGDS can specifically promote the conversion from an inactive GDP-bound state to an active GTP-bound state for Ral.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	0-6
11455956-2	2000	RalGDS can specifically promote the conversion from an inactive GDP-bound state to an active GTP-bound state for Ral.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
10608818-1	1999	Sec7 domains catalyze the replacement of GDP by GTP on the G protein ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (myrARF1) by interacting with its switch I and II regions and by destabilizing, through a glutamic finger, the beta-phosphate of the bound GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
10608844-5	1999	Hs-RA-GEF exhibited not only a GTP-dependent binding activity to Rap1A at its RA domain but also an activity to stimulate GDP/GTP exchange of Rap1A both in vitro and in vivo at the segment containing its REM and GEF domains.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	3-9
10608818-1	1999	Sec7 domains catalyze the replacement of GDP by GTP on the G protein ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (myrARF1) by interacting with its switch I and II regions and by destabilizing, through a glutamic finger, the beta-phosphate of the bound GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	234-237	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	69-94
10608844-5	1999	Hs-RA-GEF exhibited not only a GTP-dependent binding activity to Rap1A at its RA domain but also an activity to stimulate GDP/GTP exchange of Rap1A both in vitro and in vivo at the segment containing its REM and GEF domains.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	142-147
10608818-1	1999	Sec7 domains catalyze the replacement of GDP by GTP on the G protein ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (myrARF1) by interacting with its switch I and II regions and by destabilizing, through a glutamic finger, the beta-phosphate of the bound GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	69-94
10608818-6	1999	These results suggest that the conformational switch of the N-terminal helix of myrARF1 to the membrane-bound form is an early event in the nucleotide exchange pathway and is a prerequisite for a structural rearrangement at the myrARF1-GDP/Sec7 domain interface that allows the glutamic finger to expel GDP from myrARF1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	236-239	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	240-244
10608844-5	1999	Hs-RA-GEF exhibited not only a GTP-dependent binding activity to Rap1A at its RA domain but also an activity to stimulate GDP/GTP exchange of Rap1A both in vitro and in vivo at the segment containing its REM and GEF domains.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	6-9
10608844-7	1999	On the other hand, Ce-RA-GEF associated with and stimulated GDP/GTP exchange of both Ras and Rap1A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	25-28
10608844-7	1999	On the other hand, Ce-RA-GEF associated with and stimulated GDP/GTP exchange of both Ras and Rap1A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	93-98
10608818-6	1999	These results suggest that the conformational switch of the N-terminal helix of myrARF1 to the membrane-bound form is an early event in the nucleotide exchange pathway and is a prerequisite for a structural rearrangement at the myrARF1-GDP/Sec7 domain interface that allows the glutamic finger to expel GDP from myrARF1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	303-306	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	240-244
10585950-2	1999	Lys(16) was demonstrated to be crucial to the function of Ras p21, and the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP was found to be an one-step reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
10600170-2	1999	The overall mitochondrial antioxidant capacity and the effect of preincubation of mitochondria with GDP, an inhibitor of uncoupling proteins UCP1 and UCP2, on both succinate-supported H(2)O(2) release and membrane potential were also determined.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	141-145
10600170-2	1999	The overall mitochondrial antioxidant capacity and the effect of preincubation of mitochondria with GDP, an inhibitor of uncoupling proteins UCP1 and UCP2, on both succinate-supported H(2)O(2) release and membrane potential were also determined.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	uncoupling protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	150-154
10572250-5	1999	Moreover, such interaction occurred equally well when exogenous rap2 was loaded with either GDP or GTPgammaS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	RAP2A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	64-68
10572250-6	1999	We also found that polyhistidine-tagged rap2 immobilized on Ni(2+)-Sepharose and loaded with either GDP or GTPgammaS, could specifically bind to cytoskeletal actin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	RAP2A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	40-44
10572250-8	1999	Finally, rap2 loaded with either GDP or GTPgammaS was able to bind to purified F-actin immobilized on a plastic surface.	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-36	RAP2A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	9-13
10610785-8	1999	enacyloxin IIa for aminoacyl-tRNA at the ribosomal A-site, which then allows the release of EF-Tu.GDP.enacyloxin IIa.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	colicin Ia immunity protein	Escherichia coli	11-14
10610785-8	1999	enacyloxin IIa for aminoacyl-tRNA at the ribosomal A-site, which then allows the release of EF-Tu.GDP.enacyloxin IIa.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	colicin Ia immunity protein	Escherichia coli	113-116
10618719-2	1999	However, since this inhibitor could sequester many GDP-dissociation stimulators (GDSs), such as DBL, OST and Tiam-1 which activate not only CDC42, but also Rho or Rac, in fact it is not a specific inhibitor that inactivates only CDC42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence-like	Rattus norvegicus	101-104
10618719-2	1999	However, since this inhibitor could sequester many GDP-dissociation stimulators (GDSs), such as DBL, OST and Tiam-1 which activate not only CDC42, but also Rho or Rac, in fact it is not a specific inhibitor that inactivates only CDC42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Rattus norvegicus	109-115
10618719-2	1999	However, since this inhibitor could sequester many GDP-dissociation stimulators (GDSs), such as DBL, OST and Tiam-1 which activate not only CDC42, but also Rho or Rac, in fact it is not a specific inhibitor that inactivates only CDC42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	cell division cycle 42	Rattus norvegicus	140-145
10618719-2	1999	However, since this inhibitor could sequester many GDP-dissociation stimulators (GDSs), such as DBL, OST and Tiam-1 which activate not only CDC42, but also Rho or Rac, in fact it is not a specific inhibitor that inactivates only CDC42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	cell division cycle 42	Rattus norvegicus	229-234
10714366-4	1999	These residues are involved in GDP/GTP binding of Gs alpha and these mutations inhibit intrinsic GTPase activity that results in constitutive activation of adenylyl cyclase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	50-58
10563826-1	1999	Phosphorylation of the serine 51 residue in the alpha-subunit of translational initiation factor 2 in eukaryotes (eIF2 alpha) impairs protein synthesis presumably by sequestering eIF2B, a rate-limiting pentameric guanine nucleotide exchange protein which catalyzes the exchange of GTP for GDP in the eIF2-GDP binary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	289-292	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Oryctolagus cuniculus	114-124
10563826-1	1999	Phosphorylation of the serine 51 residue in the alpha-subunit of translational initiation factor 2 in eukaryotes (eIF2 alpha) impairs protein synthesis presumably by sequestering eIF2B, a rate-limiting pentameric guanine nucleotide exchange protein which catalyzes the exchange of GTP for GDP in the eIF2-GDP binary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	305-308	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Oryctolagus cuniculus	114-124
10555980-6	1999	High-affinity fluoride-mediated complex formation between Rho.GDP and RhoGAP occurred in the absence of aluminum; however, under these conditions, magnesium was required.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	Rho GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	70-76
10555980-7	1999	Additionally, the novel observation was made of magnesium-dependent, fluoride-mediated binding of Ras.GDP to NF1 in the absence of aluminum.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	neurofibromin 1	Homo sapiens	109-112
10529224-2	1999	G(alpha)(o) and G(alpha)(i1) display a 5-fold difference in the rate of GDP dissociation with half-times of 2.3 +/- 0.2 and 10.4 +/- 1.3 min, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	G protein subunit alpha o1	Homo sapiens	0-11
10529224-4	1999	Although no one region of the G protein determined the GDP dissociation rate, when the C-terminal 123 amino acids in G(alpha)(i1) were replaced with those of G(alpha)(o), the GDP release rate increased 3.3-fold compared to that of wild-type G(alpha)(i1).	Guanosine Diphosphate	175-178	G protein subunit alpha o1	Homo sapiens	158-169
10518533-4	1999	Nucleotides (GTP > GDP > ATP > GMP = ADP, in order of decreasing efficiency) interfered with the formation of the PLCdelta1:TG complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	22-25	phospholipase C delta 1	Homo sapiens	123-132
10559986-6	1999	Overexpression of a GDP-restricted mutant of Rab6 blocks transport to the ER of Shiga toxin/Shiga-like toxin-1 and glycosylation enzymes, but not of ERGIC-53, the KDEL receptor or KDEL-containing toxins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	KDEL endoplasmic reticulum protein retention receptor 1	Homo sapiens	163-176
10518015-4	1999	The guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) Dbl targets Rho family proteins thereby stimulating their GDP/GTP exchange, and thus is believed to be involved in receptor-mediated regulation of the proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	4-38
10611444-2	1999	At sub-anesthetic doses, halothane, isoflurane, enflurane and sevoflurane inhibit exchange of GTPgammaS for GDP bound to Galpha subunits and markedly enhance the dissociation of GTPgammaS, but fail to suppress GDPbetaS release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	121-127
10493955-5	1999	We conclude that the targeting process of rab1b depends predominantly on GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	ras-related protein Rab-1B	Mesocricetus auratus	42-47
10508850-3	1999	Surprisingly, overexpression of the mutant ARF6-T27N, which is predicted to be in the GDP-bound form, also stimulated apical endocytosis, though to a lesser extent.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Canis lupus familiaris	43-47
10518015-4	1999	The guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) Dbl targets Rho family proteins thereby stimulating their GDP/GTP exchange, and thus is believed to be involved in receptor-mediated regulation of the proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	40-43
10518015-4	1999	The guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) Dbl targets Rho family proteins thereby stimulating their GDP/GTP exchange, and thus is believed to be involved in receptor-mediated regulation of the proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	45-48
10518015-9	1999	However, GEF activity of Dbl toward Rho as measured by in vitro GDP binding assays remained unaffected following Gbetagamma binding, suggesting that additional signals may be required for the regulation of Dbl.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	25-28
10653476-3	1999	Concerning UCP1, its presence in brown-fat mitochondria is associated with innate uncoupling, high GDP-binding capacity, and GDP-inhibitable Cl- permeability and uncoupling--but the high fatty acid sensitivity found in these mitochondria is observed even in the absence of UCP1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	99-102	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	11-15
10653476-3	1999	Concerning UCP1, its presence in brown-fat mitochondria is associated with innate uncoupling, high GDP-binding capacity, and GDP-inhibitable Cl- permeability and uncoupling--but the high fatty acid sensitivity found in these mitochondria is observed even in the absence of UCP1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	11-15
10493796-1	1999	A recombinant chimeric elongation factor containing the region of EF-1 alpha from Sulfolobus solfataricus harboring the site for GDP and GTP binding and GTP hydrolysis (SsG) and domains M and C of Escherichia coli EF-Tu (EcMC) was studied.	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	66-76
10504223-9	1999	The Insert region of Cdc42Hs-GDP exhibits high-order, nanosecond motions; the time scale of motion in the Insert is reduced in Cdc42Hs-GMPPCP and Cdc42Hs-PBD46.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	21-28
10504223-9	1999	The Insert region of Cdc42Hs-GDP exhibits high-order, nanosecond motions; the time scale of motion in the Insert is reduced in Cdc42Hs-GMPPCP and Cdc42Hs-PBD46.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	127-134
10504223-9	1999	The Insert region of Cdc42Hs-GDP exhibits high-order, nanosecond motions; the time scale of motion in the Insert is reduced in Cdc42Hs-GMPPCP and Cdc42Hs-PBD46.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	127-134
10504223-6	1999	Here we describe the backbone dynamics of three constructs of [(15)N]Cdc42Hs (GDP-, GMPPCP-, and GMPPCP- and PBD46-bound) using (15)N-(1)H NMR measurements of T(1), T(1)(rho), and the steady-state NOE at three magnetic field strengths.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	69-76
10477737-6	1999	RAP1GDS1 codes for smgGDS, a ubiquitously expressed guanine nucleotide exchange factor that stimulates the conversion of the inactive GDP-bound form of several ras family small GTPases to the active GTP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	0-8
10498891-2	1999	The Rho GDI (GDP dissociation inhibitor) family, consisting of Rho GDIalpha, -beta, and -gamma, is a regulator that keeps the Rho family members in the cytosol as the GDP-bound inactive form and translocates the GDP-bound form from the membranes to the cytosol after the GTP-bound form accomplishes their functions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	13-16	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) alpha	Mus musculus	4-11
10498891-2	1999	The Rho GDI (GDP dissociation inhibitor) family, consisting of Rho GDIalpha, -beta, and -gamma, is a regulator that keeps the Rho family members in the cytosol as the GDP-bound inactive form and translocates the GDP-bound form from the membranes to the cytosol after the GTP-bound form accomplishes their functions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	13-16	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) alpha	Mus musculus	63-94
10498891-2	1999	The Rho GDI (GDP dissociation inhibitor) family, consisting of Rho GDIalpha, -beta, and -gamma, is a regulator that keeps the Rho family members in the cytosol as the GDP-bound inactive form and translocates the GDP-bound form from the membranes to the cytosol after the GTP-bound form accomplishes their functions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	167-170	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) alpha	Mus musculus	4-11
10498891-2	1999	The Rho GDI (GDP dissociation inhibitor) family, consisting of Rho GDIalpha, -beta, and -gamma, is a regulator that keeps the Rho family members in the cytosol as the GDP-bound inactive form and translocates the GDP-bound form from the membranes to the cytosol after the GTP-bound form accomplishes their functions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	167-170	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) alpha	Mus musculus	63-94
10498891-2	1999	The Rho GDI (GDP dissociation inhibitor) family, consisting of Rho GDIalpha, -beta, and -gamma, is a regulator that keeps the Rho family members in the cytosol as the GDP-bound inactive form and translocates the GDP-bound form from the membranes to the cytosol after the GTP-bound form accomplishes their functions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	167-170	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) alpha	Mus musculus	4-11
10493878-3	1999	The unique position of hGBP1 amongst known GTPases is further demonstrated by the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP and GMP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	guanylate binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	23-28
10493878-10	1999	By means of fluorescence and NMR spectroscopy it is demonstrated that aluminium fluoride forms a complex with hGBP1 only in the GDP state, presumably mimicking the transition state of GTP hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	guanylate binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	110-115
10498891-2	1999	The Rho GDI (GDP dissociation inhibitor) family, consisting of Rho GDIalpha, -beta, and -gamma, is a regulator that keeps the Rho family members in the cytosol as the GDP-bound inactive form and translocates the GDP-bound form from the membranes to the cytosol after the GTP-bound form accomplishes their functions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	167-170	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) alpha	Mus musculus	63-94
10480924-6	1999	The ability of GRP1 to catalyze GTP/GDP exchange on ARF6 was confirmed using recombinant proteins in a cell-free system.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Cricetulus griseus	52-56
10477737-6	1999	RAP1GDS1 codes for smgGDS, a ubiquitously expressed guanine nucleotide exchange factor that stimulates the conversion of the inactive GDP-bound form of several ras family small GTPases to the active GTP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	19-25
10455022-0	1999	Rab6 is phosphorylated in thrombin-activated platelets by a protein kinase C-dependent mechanism: effects on GTP/GDP binding and cellular distribution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	26-34
10455022-9	1999	Rab6C bound GDP and GTP with K(d) values of 113+/-12 and 119+/-27 nM respectively, and hydrolysed GTP at a rate of 100+/-15 micromol of GTP/mol of Rab6C per min.	Guanosine Diphosphate	12-15	RAB6C, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-5
10451369-7	1999	Moreover, CRT interacted only with GDP-bound TGII.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	calreticulin	Homo sapiens	10-13
10518933-4	1999	Arl3 features an unusually low affinity for guanine nucleotides, with a KD of 24 nM for GDP and 48 microM for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
10502665-4	1999	Two and a half hours after birth, TRH-treated lambs possessed brown adipose tissue (BAT) with a higher thermogenic activity (i.e. GDP binding to mitochondrial protein), but their BAT had a reduced DNA content and they had less hepatic glycogen than control lambs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-133	LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: thyrotropin-releasing hormone	Ovis aries	34-37
10446149-9	1999	The M-Ras GTP/GDP cycle was sensitive to the Ras GEFs, Sos1, and GRF1 and to p120 Ras GAP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	muscle and microspikes RAS	Mus musculus	4-9
10446149-9	1999	The M-Ras GTP/GDP cycle was sensitive to the Ras GEFs, Sos1, and GRF1 and to p120 Ras GAP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Mus musculus	55-59
10446149-9	1999	The M-Ras GTP/GDP cycle was sensitive to the Ras GEFs, Sos1, and GRF1 and to p120 Ras GAP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	RAS protein-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 1	Mus musculus	65-69
10446149-9	1999	The M-Ras GTP/GDP cycle was sensitive to the Ras GEFs, Sos1, and GRF1 and to p120 Ras GAP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	catenin (cadherin associated protein), delta 1	Mus musculus	77-81
10489445-1	1999	Like all Rho (Ras homology) GTPases, RhoA functions as a molecular switch in cell signaling, alternating between GTP- and GDP-bound states, with its biologically inactive GDP-bound form maintained as a cytosolic complex with RhoGDI (guanine nucleotide-exchange inhibitor).	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	37-41
10489445-1	1999	Like all Rho (Ras homology) GTPases, RhoA functions as a molecular switch in cell signaling, alternating between GTP- and GDP-bound states, with its biologically inactive GDP-bound form maintained as a cytosolic complex with RhoGDI (guanine nucleotide-exchange inhibitor).	Guanosine Diphosphate	171-174	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	37-41
10489445-2	1999	The crystal structures of RhoA-GDP and of the C-terminal immunoglobulin-like domain of RhoGDI (residues 67-203) are known, but the mechanism by which the two proteins interact is not known.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	26-30
10451369-8	1999	These results demonstrate that CRT down-regulates the GTPase activity of TGII by associating with GDP-bound TGII.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	calreticulin	Homo sapiens	31-34
10409717-2	1999	EF-1beta is a highly conserved protein that catalyzes the exchange of bound GDP for GTP on EF-1alpha, a required step to ensure continued protein synthesis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2	Homo sapiens	0-8
10433515-12	1999	RhoGDI 1 and 2 are cytosolic and participate in the regulation of both the GDP/GTP cycle and the membrane association/dissociation cycle of Rho/Rac proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	0-14
10395923-3	1999	E. coli EF-Tu binds GDP much more tightly than EF-Tumt.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	8-13
10400684-2	1999	Like all small GTPases, deactivation of ARF1 requires a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) that promotes hydrolysis of GTP to GDP on ARF1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	40-44
10400684-2	1999	Like all small GTPases, deactivation of ARF1 requires a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) that promotes hydrolysis of GTP to GDP on ARF1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	130-134
10395678-4	1999	Here, we show that TCR/CD28 costimulation synergistically induces Rac-1 GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	19-22
10395678-4	1999	Here, we show that TCR/CD28 costimulation synergistically induces Rac-1 GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	CD28 molecule	Homo sapiens	23-27
10395678-4	1999	Here, we show that TCR/CD28 costimulation synergistically induces Rac-1 GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	66-71
10395678-6	1999	This event regulates the Rac-1-associated GTP/GDP exchange activity of Vav and downstream pathway(s) leading to PAK-1 and p38 MAPK activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	25-30
10395678-6	1999	This event regulates the Rac-1-associated GTP/GDP exchange activity of Vav and downstream pathway(s) leading to PAK-1 and p38 MAPK activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	71-74
10395678-6	1999	This event regulates the Rac-1-associated GTP/GDP exchange activity of Vav and downstream pathway(s) leading to PAK-1 and p38 MAPK activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 1	Homo sapiens	112-117
10395678-6	1999	This event regulates the Rac-1-associated GTP/GDP exchange activity of Vav and downstream pathway(s) leading to PAK-1 and p38 MAPK activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	122-125
10395892-8	1999	Modulation of GTP hydrolysis by eIF-2 is important during the scanning phase of initiation, while modulating the release of GDP from eIF-2 is a key mechanism for regulating translation in eukaryotes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	133-138
10381400-2	1999	In interphase cells, Ran is mainly nuclear and thought to be predominantly GTP-bound, but it is also present in the cytoplasm, probably GDP-bound.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	RAN, member RAS oncogene family S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	21-24
10455277-4	1999	MT2 melatonin receptors mediated incorporation of [35S]-GTPgammaS into isolated membranes via receptor catalyzed exchange of [35S]-GTPgammaS for GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	145-148	metallothionein 2A	Homo sapiens	0-3
10403517-7	1999	The resulting GDP-free Galpha(q) was labile to rapid and irreversible denaturation, however (rate constant > or = 1 min(-1) at 20 degrees).	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	23-29
10403517-9	1999	These findings reconcile the slowly reversible binding of GTPgammaS to Galpha(q) with the other behaviors that suggested lower affinity, and point out that events subsequent to GDP dissociation can markedly influence the rates and extents of guanine nucleotide binding to G protein alpha subunits.	Guanosine Diphosphate	177-180	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	71-77
10381400-7	1999	In contrast, Ran GDP does not stabilise microtubules or inhibit nuclear assembly.	Guanosine Diphosphate	17-20	RAN, member RAS oncogene family S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	13-16
10404220-1	1999	Cryo-electron microscopy has been used to visualize elongation factor G (EF-G) on the 70S ribosome in GDP and GTP states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	52-71
10388807-1	1999	Prp20p and Rna1p are GDP/GTP exchanging and GTPase-activating factors of Gsp1p, respectively, and their mutations, prp20-1 and rna1-1, can both be suppressed by Saccharomyces cerevisiae gtr1-11.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	Ran guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-6
10388807-1	1999	Prp20p and Rna1p are GDP/GTP exchanging and GTPase-activating factors of Gsp1p, respectively, and their mutations, prp20-1 and rna1-1, can both be suppressed by Saccharomyces cerevisiae gtr1-11.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	GTPase-activating protein RNA1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	11-16
10388807-1	1999	Prp20p and Rna1p are GDP/GTP exchanging and GTPase-activating factors of Gsp1p, respectively, and their mutations, prp20-1 and rna1-1, can both be suppressed by Saccharomyces cerevisiae gtr1-11.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	Ran GTPase GSP1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	73-78
10388807-1	1999	Prp20p and Rna1p are GDP/GTP exchanging and GTPase-activating factors of Gsp1p, respectively, and their mutations, prp20-1 and rna1-1, can both be suppressed by Saccharomyces cerevisiae gtr1-11.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	Prp11p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	115-133
10388807-1	1999	Prp20p and Rna1p are GDP/GTP exchanging and GTPase-activating factors of Gsp1p, respectively, and their mutations, prp20-1 and rna1-1, can both be suppressed by Saccharomyces cerevisiae gtr1-11.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	Rag GTPase GTR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	186-193
10388807-2	1999	We found that gtr1-11 caused a single amino acid substitution in Gtr1p, forming S20L, which is a putative GDP-bound mutant protein, while Gtr1p has been reported to bind to GTP alone.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	Rag GTPase GTR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	14-18
10388807-2	1999	We found that gtr1-11 caused a single amino acid substitution in Gtr1p, forming S20L, which is a putative GDP-bound mutant protein, while Gtr1p has been reported to bind to GTP alone.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	Rag GTPase GTR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	65-70
10388807-3	1999	Consistently, gtr1-S20N, another putative GDP-bound mutant, suppressed both prp20-1 and rna1-1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	Rag GTPase GTR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	14-18
10388807-3	1999	Consistently, gtr1-S20N, another putative GDP-bound mutant, suppressed both prp20-1 and rna1-1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	Prp11p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	76-94
10388807-10	1999	This finding, taken together with the fact that Gtr1p-S20L is a putative, inactive GDP-bound mutant, implies that Gtr1p negatively regulates the Ran/Gsp1p GTPase cycle through Gtr2p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	Rag GTPase GTR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	48-53
10388807-10	1999	This finding, taken together with the fact that Gtr1p-S20L is a putative, inactive GDP-bound mutant, implies that Gtr1p negatively regulates the Ran/Gsp1p GTPase cycle through Gtr2p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	Rag GTPase GTR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	114-119
10388807-10	1999	This finding, taken together with the fact that Gtr1p-S20L is a putative, inactive GDP-bound mutant, implies that Gtr1p negatively regulates the Ran/Gsp1p GTPase cycle through Gtr2p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	Ran GTPase GSP1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	149-154
10388807-10	1999	This finding, taken together with the fact that Gtr1p-S20L is a putative, inactive GDP-bound mutant, implies that Gtr1p negatively regulates the Ran/Gsp1p GTPase cycle through Gtr2p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	Gtr2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	176-181
10404220-1	1999	Cryo-electron microscopy has been used to visualize elongation factor G (EF-G) on the 70S ribosome in GDP and GTP states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	73-77
10364228-5	1999	The in vitro assay showed that STEF protein specifically enhanced the dissociation of GDP from Rac1 but not that from either RhoA or Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	T cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 2	Mus musculus	31-35
10364228-5	1999	The in vitro assay showed that STEF protein specifically enhanced the dissociation of GDP from Rac1 but not that from either RhoA or Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	95-99
10329774-8	1999	The NBR-A active site contained both cGMP and GDP each bound at half occupancy.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	nucleoside diphosphate kinase A 2	Bos taurus	4-9
10366609-8	1999	The onset of the nonhydrolyzable GTP analog, guanylylimidodiphosphate-mediated facilitation was significantly delayed by overexpression of different GDP-bound Galpha subunits.	Guanosine Diphosphate	149-152	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	159-165
10356329-4	1999	The GDP-bound form of the switch II mutants showed no detectable binding to NTF2, providing direct evidence that salt bridges involving Lys71 and Arg76 and burying Phe72 are all crucial for the interaction between Ran and NTF2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	Ran GTPase-binding protein NTF2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	222-226
10376675-5	1999	Elongation factor-G:GDP is now thought to leave the ribosome in a state ready for checking the codon-anticodon interaction of the aminoacyl-tRNA contained in the ternary complex of elongation factor-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	181-201
10329774-9	1999	Presumably, NBR-A had retained GDP (or GTP) from the purification process.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	nucleoside diphosphate kinase A 2	Bos taurus	12-17
10336649-7	1999	This increase was observed in both the presence and absence of GTP and GDP, which themselves produced marked opposite effects on the conformation of eEF-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	149-154
10349847-0	1999	Relationships between ligand affinities for the cerebellar cannabinoid receptor CB1 and the induction of GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	cannabinoid receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	80-83
10411652-5	1999	We show here that PtdIns, PtdIns4P, PtdIns3,4P2, PtdIns4,5P2 and PtdInsP3 enhance not only the C3-dependent ADP-ribosylation, but also the GDP/GTP exchange in the RhoA component of the prenylated RhoA/Rho-GDI complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-142	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	163-167
10411652-5	1999	We show here that PtdIns, PtdIns4P, PtdIns3,4P2, PtdIns4,5P2 and PtdInsP3 enhance not only the C3-dependent ADP-ribosylation, but also the GDP/GTP exchange in the RhoA component of the prenylated RhoA/Rho-GDI complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-142	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	196-200
10411652-5	1999	We show here that PtdIns, PtdIns4P, PtdIns3,4P2, PtdIns4,5P2 and PtdInsP3 enhance not only the C3-dependent ADP-ribosylation, but also the GDP/GTP exchange in the RhoA component of the prenylated RhoA/Rho-GDI complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-142	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	201-208
10411652-6	1999	In contrast, in the nonprenylated RhoA/Rho-GDI complex, the levels of ADP-ribosylation and GDP/GTP exchange are of the same order as those measured on free RhoA and are not modified by phosphoinositides.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	34-38
10411652-6	1999	In contrast, in the nonprenylated RhoA/Rho-GDI complex, the levels of ADP-ribosylation and GDP/GTP exchange are of the same order as those measured on free RhoA and are not modified by phosphoinositides.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	39-46
10411652-10	1999	We conclude that in the presence of phosphoinositides, the prenylated RhoA/Rho-GDI complex partially opens, which allows RhoA to exchange GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	70-74
10411652-10	1999	We conclude that in the presence of phosphoinositides, the prenylated RhoA/Rho-GDI complex partially opens, which allows RhoA to exchange GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	75-82
10411652-10	1999	We conclude that in the presence of phosphoinositides, the prenylated RhoA/Rho-GDI complex partially opens, which allows RhoA to exchange GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	121-125
10369786-7	1999	Ran-GDP was coupled to the sensor chip and reacted with RCC1 mutants to categorise them into different groups, demonstrating the usefulness of plasmon surface resonance in the study of complex multi-step kinetic processes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-3
10369786-7	1999	Ran-GDP was coupled to the sensor chip and reacted with RCC1 mutants to categorise them into different groups, demonstrating the usefulness of plasmon surface resonance in the study of complex multi-step kinetic processes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	56-60
10194860-0	1999	Facilitated geranylgeranylation of shrimp ras-encoded p25 fusion protein by the binding with guanosine diphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-114	tubulin polymerization promoting protein	Homo sapiens	54-57
10360579-4	1999	The effector loop of Cdc42 and Rac (comprising residues 30-40, also called switch I), is one of two regions which change conformation on exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	149-152	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	21-26
10360579-4	1999	The effector loop of Cdc42 and Rac (comprising residues 30-40, also called switch I), is one of two regions which change conformation on exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	149-152	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	31-34
10329739-4	1999	Using both yeast two-hybrid assays and chemical cross-linking, we have identified another VPS gene product, Vps9p, that preferentially interacts with a mutant form of Vps21p-S21N that binds GDP but not GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	190-193	guanine nucleotide exchange factor VPS9	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	108-113
10329739-4	1999	Using both yeast two-hybrid assays and chemical cross-linking, we have identified another VPS gene product, Vps9p, that preferentially interacts with a mutant form of Vps21p-S21N that binds GDP but not GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	190-193	Rab family GTPase VPS21	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	167-173
10329739-5	1999	In vitro purified Vps9p was found to stimulate GDP release from Vps21p in a dose-dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	guanine nucleotide exchange factor VPS9	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	18-23
10329739-5	1999	In vitro purified Vps9p was found to stimulate GDP release from Vps21p in a dose-dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	Rab family GTPase VPS21	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	64-70
10329739-6	1999	Vps9p also stimulated GTP association as a result of facilitated GDP release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	guanine nucleotide exchange factor VPS9	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-5
10432006-11	1999	The RAB5A gene is a member of RAS superfamily, which can transcribe GTP-binding protein that plays an important role in signal transduction of protein trafficking at the cell surface and GDP/GTP cycle in the regulation of endocytotic membrane traffic.	Guanosine Diphosphate	187-190	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	4-9
10194860-7	1999	That is, the protein geranylgeranyl transferase I prefers to react with ras-encoded p25 fusion protein in the GDP bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	tubulin polymerization promoting protein	Homo sapiens	84-87
10211824-1	1999	The 2.5 A crystal structure of the full length human placental isoform of the Gly12 to Val mutant Cdc42 protein (Cdc42(G12V)) bound to both GDP/Mg2+ and GDPNH2 (guanosine-5"-diphospho-beta-amidate) is reported.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	98-103
10196137-14	1999	Pcp2 stimulates GDP release from Galphao more than 5-fold without affecting kcat.	Guanosine Diphosphate	16-19	Purkinje cell protein 2 (L7)	Mus musculus	0-4
10196137-14	1999	Pcp2 stimulates GDP release from Galphao more than 5-fold without affecting kcat.	Guanosine Diphosphate	16-19	guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha O	Mus musculus	33-40
10198309-8	1999	The activity of eukaryotic initiation factor 2B (eIF2B; pmol GDP exchanged/min) was higher (P < 0.05) in ex rats (sed = 0.028 +/- 0.006 vs. ex = 0.053 +/- 0.015; PPXsed = 0.033 +/- 0.013 vs. PPXex = 0.047 +/- 0.009) regardless of diabetic status.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Rattus norvegicus	16-47
10198309-8	1999	The activity of eukaryotic initiation factor 2B (eIF2B; pmol GDP exchanged/min) was higher (P < 0.05) in ex rats (sed = 0.028 +/- 0.006 vs. ex = 0.053 +/- 0.015; PPXsed = 0.033 +/- 0.013 vs. PPXex = 0.047 +/- 0.009) regardless of diabetic status.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Rattus norvegicus	49-54
10094929-3	1999	Additional intracellular dialysis of GDP-bound inactive Galphao or of a peptide corresponding to the Gbetagamma binding region of the beta-adrenergic receptor kinase completely inhibited the Gbetagamma-induced stimulation of Ca2+ channel currents.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	G protein subunit alpha o1	Homo sapiens	56-63
10212218-2	1999	Conversion of inactive ARF-GDP to active ARF-GTP is catalyzed by guanine nucleotide exchange proteins such as cytohesin-1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	27-30	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	110-121
10198354-4	1999	Carbachol and endothelin-1 increased GTP-bound p21(ras) in a pertussis toxin-sensitive manner [ratio of [32P]GTP to ([32P]GTP + [32P]GDP): control, 30 +/- 1.7; 3 min of 1 microM carbachol, 39 +/- 1.1; 3 min of 1 microM endothelin-1, 40 +/- 1.2], whereas histamine, bradykinin, and KCl were without effect.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	14-26
10198354-4	1999	Carbachol and endothelin-1 increased GTP-bound p21(ras) in a pertussis toxin-sensitive manner [ratio of [32P]GTP to ([32P]GTP + [32P]GDP): control, 30 +/- 1.7; 3 min of 1 microM carbachol, 39 +/- 1.1; 3 min of 1 microM endothelin-1, 40 +/- 1.2], whereas histamine, bradykinin, and KCl were without effect.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
10211824-1	1999	The 2.5 A crystal structure of the full length human placental isoform of the Gly12 to Val mutant Cdc42 protein (Cdc42(G12V)) bound to both GDP/Mg2+ and GDPNH2 (guanosine-5"-diphospho-beta-amidate) is reported.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	113-118
10211824-5	1999	The amino group of GDPNH2 drastically reduces the affinity to Cdc42 in comparison with that of GDP, causes the loss of the Mg2+ ion, and apparently also increases the conformational flexibility of the protein as seen in the crystal.	Guanosine Diphosphate	19-22	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	62-67
10102276-1	1999	The crystal structure of the complex of ARF1 GTPase bound to GDP and the catalytic domain of ARF GTPase-activating protein (ARFGAP) has been determined at 1.95 A resolution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	40-44
10469432-2	1999	GTP to inactive Ras.GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
10102276-1	1999	The crystal structure of the complex of ARF1 GTPase bound to GDP and the catalytic domain of ARF GTPase-activating protein (ARFGAP) has been determined at 1.95 A resolution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	ArfGAP with GTPase domain, ankyrin repeat and PH domain 4	Homo sapiens	124-130
10368288-3	1999	EF-1beta regulates the activity of EF-1alpha by catalyzing the exchange of GDP for GTP and thereby regenerating the active form of EF-1alpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2	Homo sapiens	0-8
10022613-5	1999	In most tissues, cytosolic Rab proteins are complexed with rab-GDP dissociation inhibitor (rab-GDI).	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	RAB3D, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	27-30
10208427-4	1999	Furthermore, the ratio of GTP/GDP bound to cellular p21ras was consistently higher in the hSos1-Isf II-transfected clones, both under basal and stimulated conditions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	52-58
10208427-4	1999	Furthermore, the ratio of GTP/GDP bound to cellular p21ras was consistently higher in the hSos1-Isf II-transfected clones, both under basal and stimulated conditions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	90-95
10234739-2	1999	Wild-type Ras cycles between the activated GTP-bound and the inactivated GDP-bound state, and the GTPase reaction is a timer for the interaction between Ras-GTP and effector molecules such as Raf-1 protein kinase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	192-197
10037688-6	1999	Both mutant forms promoted fMet-tRNAfMet binding to 70 S ribosomes with similar efficiencies and were as sensitive to competitive inhibition by GDP as wild-type IF2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	161-164
10224665-4	1999	Rac-GTP enhances phosphorylation of LIMK1 and cofilin, which leads to accumulation of F-actin, while Rac-GDP and PMA reduce these effects.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	LIM domain kinase 1	Homo sapiens	36-41
10224665-4	1999	Rac-GTP enhances phosphorylation of LIMK1 and cofilin, which leads to accumulation of F-actin, while Rac-GDP and PMA reduce these effects.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	cofilin 1	Homo sapiens	46-53
10349744-7	1999	Influence of the structural features of the cap-analogues, especially the type of the second nucleoside in the dinucleotide caps, on their association with eIF4E and biological activities in in vitro protein translation systems has been discussed in light of the known structures of the eIF4E-7-methyl-GDP complexes in crystal and solution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	302-305	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E	Homo sapiens	156-161
10368288-3	1999	EF-1beta regulates the activity of EF-1alpha by catalyzing the exchange of GDP for GTP and thereby regenerating the active form of EF-1alpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	35-44
10050760-2	1999	Ectopic UCP1 (approximately 0.8 mol UCP1/mol respiratory chain) decreased the delta psi(m) and rendered the potential sensitive to GDP and fatty acids.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	8-12
10050760-2	1999	Ectopic UCP1 (approximately 0.8 mol UCP1/mol respiratory chain) decreased the delta psi(m) and rendered the potential sensitive to GDP and fatty acids.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	36-40
9988742-1	1999	We previously reported that substitution of Arg258 within the switch 3 region of Gsalpha impaired activation and increased basal GDP release due to loss of an interaction between the helical and GTPase domains (Warner, D. R., Weng, G., Yu, S., Matalon, R., and Weinstein, L. S. (1998) J Biol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	81-88
9988742-11	1999	Gsalpha-E259D and Gsalpha-E259A purified from Escherichia coli had normal rates of GDP release (as assessed by the rate GTPgammaS binding).	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	0-7
9915824-3	1999	Rab proteins are GTPases that cycle between an inactive GDP-bound form and an active GTP-bound conformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-3
9927699-0	1999	A presynaptic role for the ADP ribosylation factor (ARF)-specific GDP/GTP exchange factor msec7-1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	cytohesin 1 S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	90-97
9927699-3	1999	Because GDP release in vivo is rather slow, ARF activation is facilitated by specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors like cytohesin-1 or ARNO.	Guanosine Diphosphate	8-11	cytohesin 1	Rattus norvegicus	127-138
9885287-10	1999	The data support the hypothesis that Rna1p exists on both sides of the nuclear membrane, perhaps regulating the Ran-GTP/Ran-GDP gradient, participating in a complete RanGTPase nuclear cycle or serving a novel function.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	GTPase-activating protein RNA1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	37-42
9891006-7	1999	This COOH-terminal conformational change may provide the structural basis for communication between the GDP-binding site on Galpha and activated receptors, and may contribute to dissociation of activated Galpha subunit from activated receptor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	124-130
9891006-7	1999	This COOH-terminal conformational change may provide the structural basis for communication between the GDP-binding site on Galpha and activated receptors, and may contribute to dissociation of activated Galpha subunit from activated receptor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	204-210
9892662-1	1999	Hormonal signals activate trimeric G proteins by substituting GTP for GDP bound to the G protein alpha subunit (Galpha), thereby generating two potential signaling molecules, Galpha-GTP and free Gbetagamma.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	112-118
9882626-11	1999	GDP on the exposed interface between alpha2/beta4 and alpha3/beta5 of the alpha-subunit of transducin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	tubulin beta 3 class III	Homo sapiens	37-66
9989819-7	1999	In vitro translated, gel-purified cph proteins did not catalyze nucleotide exchange for H-ras, but were able to bind nucleotide phosphates, in particular ribonucleotide diphosphates such as UDP and GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	198-201	ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 5	Mesocricetus auratus	34-37
9892662-1	1999	Hormonal signals activate trimeric G proteins by substituting GTP for GDP bound to the G protein alpha subunit (Galpha), thereby generating two potential signaling molecules, Galpha-GTP and free Gbetagamma.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	175-181
9882515-0	1999	RAP1A GTP/GDP cycles determine the intracellular location of the late endocytic compartments and contribute to myogenic differentiation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	10-13	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-5
9882515-3	1999	By monitoring the nucleotide-bound form of RAP1A protein, we established that the various protein localizations were related to the GTP/GDP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	43-48
10872457-1	1999	Members of the Rho family of small Ras-like GTPases--including RhoA, -B, and -C, Rac1 and -2, and Cdc42--exhibit guanine nucleotide-binding activity and function as molecular switches, cycling between an inactive GDP-bound state and an active GTP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	213-216	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	35-92
9926941-1	1999	The NF1 gene, a putative tumor suppressor gene, contains a GAP related domain (GRD) which accelerates hydrolysis of ras-bound GTP to GDP, thereby converting the ras oncogene from its active to inactive form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	neurofibromin 1	Homo sapiens	4-7
10872457-1	1999	Members of the Rho family of small Ras-like GTPases--including RhoA, -B, and -C, Rac1 and -2, and Cdc42--exhibit guanine nucleotide-binding activity and function as molecular switches, cycling between an inactive GDP-bound state and an active GTP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	213-216	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	98-103
9856997-8	1998	It is noteworthy that under more physiological conditions mimicking the cellular GDP/GTP ratio, Raf enhances the GEF-stimulated GDP/GTP exchange on Ha-Ras, in agreement with the sequestration of Ras.GTP by Raf.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Mus musculus	96-99
10433077-1	1999	We previously reported that a decreased TCR mediated activity of the GTP-GDP binding p21ras protooncogene is associated with prediabetes in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	85-91
10085460-2	1999	Both mt1 and MT2 melatonin receptors mediated the incorporation of [35S]GTPgammaS into isolated membranes via receptor-catalyzed exchange of [35S]GTPgammaS for GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	160-163	metallothionein 1I, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	5-8
10085460-2	1999	Both mt1 and MT2 melatonin receptors mediated the incorporation of [35S]GTPgammaS into isolated membranes via receptor-catalyzed exchange of [35S]GTPgammaS for GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	160-163	metallothionein 2A	Homo sapiens	13-16
9857054-5	1998	We did, however, find that a pool of free GTP (or its structural equivalent) must be added, probably because the GDP Ran that is added must be converted to GTP Ran during the import process.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	117-120
9878368-0	1998	The structure of the Q69L mutant of GDP-Ran shows a major conformational change in the switch II loop that accounts for its failure to bind nuclear transport factor 2 (NTF2).	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	40-43
9878368-0	1998	The structure of the Q69L mutant of GDP-Ran shows a major conformational change in the switch II loop that accounts for its failure to bind nuclear transport factor 2 (NTF2).	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	nuclear transport factor 2	Homo sapiens	140-166
9878368-0	1998	The structure of the Q69L mutant of GDP-Ran shows a major conformational change in the switch II loop that accounts for its failure to bind nuclear transport factor 2 (NTF2).	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	nuclear transport factor 2	Homo sapiens	168-172
9878368-2	1998	When the structure of GDP-RanQ69L from monoclinic crystals with P21 symmetry was compared with the structure of wild-type Ran obtained from monoclinic crystals, the Q69L mutant showed a large conformational change in residues 68-74, which are in the switch II region of the molecule which changes conformation in response to nucleotide state and which forms the major interaction interface with nuclear transport factor 2 (NTF2, sometimes called p10).	Guanosine Diphosphate	22-25	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
9878368-2	1998	When the structure of GDP-RanQ69L from monoclinic crystals with P21 symmetry was compared with the structure of wild-type Ran obtained from monoclinic crystals, the Q69L mutant showed a large conformational change in residues 68-74, which are in the switch II region of the molecule which changes conformation in response to nucleotide state and which forms the major interaction interface with nuclear transport factor 2 (NTF2, sometimes called p10).	Guanosine Diphosphate	22-25	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	26-29
9878368-3	1998	This conformational change alters the positions of key residues such as Lys71, Phe72 and Arg76 that are crucial for the interaction of GDP-Ran with NTF2 and indeed, solution binding studies were unable to detect any interaction between NTF2 and GDP-RanQ69L under conditions where GDP-Ran bound effectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	139-142
9878368-3	1998	This conformational change alters the positions of key residues such as Lys71, Phe72 and Arg76 that are crucial for the interaction of GDP-Ran with NTF2 and indeed, solution binding studies were unable to detect any interaction between NTF2 and GDP-RanQ69L under conditions where GDP-Ran bound effectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	nuclear transport factor 2	Homo sapiens	148-152
9878368-3	1998	This conformational change alters the positions of key residues such as Lys71, Phe72 and Arg76 that are crucial for the interaction of GDP-Ran with NTF2 and indeed, solution binding studies were unable to detect any interaction between NTF2 and GDP-RanQ69L under conditions where GDP-Ran bound effectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	245-248	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	139-142
9878368-3	1998	This conformational change alters the positions of key residues such as Lys71, Phe72 and Arg76 that are crucial for the interaction of GDP-Ran with NTF2 and indeed, solution binding studies were unable to detect any interaction between NTF2 and GDP-RanQ69L under conditions where GDP-Ran bound effectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	245-248	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	139-142
9878368-4	1998	This interaction between NTF2 and GDP-Ran is required for efficient nuclear protein import and may function between the docking and translocation steps of the pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	nuclear transport factor 2	Homo sapiens	25-29
9878368-4	1998	This interaction between NTF2 and GDP-Ran is required for efficient nuclear protein import and may function between the docking and translocation steps of the pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	38-41
9843686-0	1998	Nuclear transport factor p10/NTF2 functions as a Ran-GDP dissociation inhibitor (Ran-GDI).	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	S100 calcium binding protein A10	Homo sapiens	25-28
9843686-0	1998	Nuclear transport factor p10/NTF2 functions as a Ran-GDP dissociation inhibitor (Ran-GDI).	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	nuclear transport factor 2	Homo sapiens	29-33
9843686-0	1998	Nuclear transport factor p10/NTF2 functions as a Ran-GDP dissociation inhibitor (Ran-GDI).	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	49-52
9843686-0	1998	Nuclear transport factor p10/NTF2 functions as a Ran-GDP dissociation inhibitor (Ran-GDI).	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	81-84
9843686-3	1998	The precise role(s) of p10/NTF2 in the Ran GTP/GDP cycle are thus far unclear, however.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	S100 calcium binding protein A10	Homo sapiens	23-26
9843686-4	1998	In this study, we show that mammalian p10/NTF2 dramatically inhibits the dissociation of [3H]GDP from Ran and the binding of [35S]GTPgammaS to Ran following the dissociation of non-radioactive GDP by RCC1, the only known mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ran (Ran-GEF) [7].	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	S100 calcium binding protein A10	Homo sapiens	38-41
9843686-4	1998	In this study, we show that mammalian p10/NTF2 dramatically inhibits the dissociation of [3H]GDP from Ran and the binding of [35S]GTPgammaS to Ran following the dissociation of non-radioactive GDP by RCC1, the only known mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ran (Ran-GEF) [7].	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	nuclear transport factor 2	Homo sapiens	42-46
9843686-4	1998	In this study, we show that mammalian p10/NTF2 dramatically inhibits the dissociation of [3H]GDP from Ran and the binding of [35S]GTPgammaS to Ran following the dissociation of non-radioactive GDP by RCC1, the only known mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ran (Ran-GEF) [7].	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	102-105
9843686-4	1998	In this study, we show that mammalian p10/NTF2 dramatically inhibits the dissociation of [3H]GDP from Ran and the binding of [35S]GTPgammaS to Ran following the dissociation of non-radioactive GDP by RCC1, the only known mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ran (Ran-GEF) [7].	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	200-204
9843686-4	1998	In this study, we show that mammalian p10/NTF2 dramatically inhibits the dissociation of [3H]GDP from Ran and the binding of [35S]GTPgammaS to Ran following the dissociation of non-radioactive GDP by RCC1, the only known mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ran (Ran-GEF) [7].	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	279-282
9843686-4	1998	In this study, we show that mammalian p10/NTF2 dramatically inhibits the dissociation of [3H]GDP from Ran and the binding of [35S]GTPgammaS to Ran following the dissociation of non-radioactive GDP by RCC1, the only known mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ran (Ran-GEF) [7].	Guanosine Diphosphate	193-196	S100 calcium binding protein A10	Homo sapiens	38-41
9843686-4	1998	In this study, we show that mammalian p10/NTF2 dramatically inhibits the dissociation of [3H]GDP from Ran and the binding of [35S]GTPgammaS to Ran following the dissociation of non-radioactive GDP by RCC1, the only known mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ran (Ran-GEF) [7].	Guanosine Diphosphate	193-196	nuclear transport factor 2	Homo sapiens	42-46
9843686-4	1998	In this study, we show that mammalian p10/NTF2 dramatically inhibits the dissociation of [3H]GDP from Ran and the binding of [35S]GTPgammaS to Ran following the dissociation of non-radioactive GDP by RCC1, the only known mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ran (Ran-GEF) [7].	Guanosine Diphosphate	193-196	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	143-146
9843686-4	1998	In this study, we show that mammalian p10/NTF2 dramatically inhibits the dissociation of [3H]GDP from Ran and the binding of [35S]GTPgammaS to Ran following the dissociation of non-radioactive GDP by RCC1, the only known mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ran (Ran-GEF) [7].	Guanosine Diphosphate	193-196	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	143-146
9893994-10	1999	In the presence of aluminum fluoride, the R282A mutant RhoGAP binds almost as well as the wild type to Rho.GDP, demonstrating that the conserved arginine is not required for this interaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	Rho GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	55-61
9893994-11	1999	The affinity of wild-type RhoGAP for the triphosphate form of Rho is similar to that for Rho.GDP with aluminum fluoride.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	Rho GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	26-32
9893994-12	1999	These last two observations show that this complex is not associated with the free energy changes expected for the transition state, although the Rho.GDP.AlF4-.RhoGAP complex might well be a close structural approximation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	150-153	Rho GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	160-166
9914469-9	1999	The monomeric GTPase Rab3A controls insulin secretion through cycling between a guanosine triphosphate liganded vesicle-bound form and a guanosine diphosphate liganded, cytosolic form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	137-158	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	21-26
9914469-9	1999	The monomeric GTPase Rab3A controls insulin secretion through cycling between a guanosine triphosphate liganded vesicle-bound form and a guanosine diphosphate liganded, cytosolic form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	137-158	insulin	Homo sapiens	36-43
10216940-3	1999	At the end of the initiation process, GTP bound to eIF2 is hydrolyzed to GDP and the eIF2.GDP complex is released from the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	51-55
10216940-3	1999	At the end of the initiation process, GTP bound to eIF2 is hydrolyzed to GDP and the eIF2.GDP complex is released from the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	51-55
10216940-3	1999	At the end of the initiation process, GTP bound to eIF2 is hydrolyzed to GDP and the eIF2.GDP complex is released from the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	85-89
10216940-4	1999	The exchange of GDP bound to eIF2 for GTP is a prerequisite to binding Met-tRNAi and is mediated by a second initiation factor, eIF2B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	16-19	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	29-33
10216940-4	1999	The exchange of GDP bound to eIF2 for GTP is a prerequisite to binding Met-tRNAi and is mediated by a second initiation factor, eIF2B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	16-19	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	128-133
9857026-6	1998	Moreover, GEF-H1 binds to Rac and Rho proteins in both the GDP- and guanosine 5"-3-O-(thio)triphosphate-bound states without detectable affinity for Cdc42 or Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	10-16
9852129-3	1998	Rab3 GEP stimulates the conversion of the GDP-bound inactive form to the GTP-bound active form, whereas Rab3 GAP stimulates the reverse reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	MAP kinase activating death domain	Homo sapiens	0-8
9889103-9	1998	We conclude that NTF2 functions as a transport receptor for Ran, permitting rapid entry into the nucleus where GTP-GDP exchange mediated by RCC1 [7] converts Ran into its GTP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	nuclear transport factor 2	Homo sapiens	17-21
9889103-9	1998	We conclude that NTF2 functions as a transport receptor for Ran, permitting rapid entry into the nucleus where GTP-GDP exchange mediated by RCC1 [7] converts Ran into its GTP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	60-63
9889103-9	1998	We conclude that NTF2 functions as a transport receptor for Ran, permitting rapid entry into the nucleus where GTP-GDP exchange mediated by RCC1 [7] converts Ran into its GTP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	140-144
9889103-9	1998	We conclude that NTF2 functions as a transport receptor for Ran, permitting rapid entry into the nucleus where GTP-GDP exchange mediated by RCC1 [7] converts Ran into its GTP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	158-161
9843686-4	1998	In this study, we show that mammalian p10/NTF2 dramatically inhibits the dissociation of [3H]GDP from Ran and the binding of [35S]GTPgammaS to Ran following the dissociation of non-radioactive GDP by RCC1, the only known mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ran (Ran-GEF) [7].	Guanosine Diphosphate	193-196	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	143-146
9843686-6	1998	Furthermore, the activities of wild-type p10/NTF2 and the mutant forms M84T and D92G in an assay of nuclear protein import in a digitonin-permeabilized cell-free system correlated with their level of inhibition of the dissociation of nucleotide from Ran-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	254-257	S100 calcium binding protein A10	Homo sapiens	41-44
9843686-6	1998	Furthermore, the activities of wild-type p10/NTF2 and the mutant forms M84T and D92G in an assay of nuclear protein import in a digitonin-permeabilized cell-free system correlated with their level of inhibition of the dissociation of nucleotide from Ran-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	254-257	nuclear transport factor 2	Homo sapiens	45-49
9843686-7	1998	These results suggest that p10/NTF2 acts as a GDP dissociation inhibitor for Ran (Ran-GDI), thereby coordinating the Ran-dependent reactions that underlie nuclear protein import.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	S100 calcium binding protein A10	Homo sapiens	27-30
9843686-7	1998	These results suggest that p10/NTF2 acts as a GDP dissociation inhibitor for Ran (Ran-GDI), thereby coordinating the Ran-dependent reactions that underlie nuclear protein import.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	nuclear transport factor 2	Homo sapiens	31-35
9843686-7	1998	These results suggest that p10/NTF2 acts as a GDP dissociation inhibitor for Ran (Ran-GDI), thereby coordinating the Ran-dependent reactions that underlie nuclear protein import.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	77-80
9843686-7	1998	These results suggest that p10/NTF2 acts as a GDP dissociation inhibitor for Ran (Ran-GDI), thereby coordinating the Ran-dependent reactions that underlie nuclear protein import.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	82-85
9843686-7	1998	These results suggest that p10/NTF2 acts as a GDP dissociation inhibitor for Ran (Ran-GDI), thereby coordinating the Ran-dependent reactions that underlie nuclear protein import.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	82-85
9853756-3	1998	At least three different second messengers, namely diacylglycerol, calcium and cyclic AMP, are able to activate Rap1 by promoting its release of the guanine nucleotide GDP and its binding to GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	168-171	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	112-116
9856997-8	1998	It is noteworthy that under more physiological conditions mimicking the cellular GDP/GTP ratio, Raf enhances the GEF-stimulated GDP/GTP exchange on Ha-Ras, in agreement with the sequestration of Ras.GTP by Raf.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	113-116
9856997-8	1998	It is noteworthy that under more physiological conditions mimicking the cellular GDP/GTP ratio, Raf enhances the GEF-stimulated GDP/GTP exchange on Ha-Ras, in agreement with the sequestration of Ras.GTP by Raf.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	148-154
9856997-8	1998	It is noteworthy that under more physiological conditions mimicking the cellular GDP/GTP ratio, Raf enhances the GEF-stimulated GDP/GTP exchange on Ha-Ras, in agreement with the sequestration of Ras.GTP by Raf.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Mus musculus	206-209
9856997-8	1998	It is noteworthy that under more physiological conditions mimicking the cellular GDP/GTP ratio, Raf enhances the GEF-stimulated GDP/GTP exchange on Ha-Ras, in agreement with the sequestration of Ras.GTP by Raf.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Mus musculus	96-99
9856997-8	1998	It is noteworthy that under more physiological conditions mimicking the cellular GDP/GTP ratio, Raf enhances the GEF-stimulated GDP/GTP exchange on Ha-Ras, in agreement with the sequestration of Ras.GTP by Raf.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	113-116
9856997-8	1998	It is noteworthy that under more physiological conditions mimicking the cellular GDP/GTP ratio, Raf enhances the GEF-stimulated GDP/GTP exchange on Ha-Ras, in agreement with the sequestration of Ras.GTP by Raf.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	148-154
9856997-8	1998	It is noteworthy that under more physiological conditions mimicking the cellular GDP/GTP ratio, Raf enhances the GEF-stimulated GDP/GTP exchange on Ha-Ras, in agreement with the sequestration of Ras.GTP by Raf.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Mus musculus	206-209
9846881-1	1998	Guanine nucleotide exchange factors in the Dbl family activate Rho GTPases by accelerating dissociation of bound GDP, promoting acquisition of the GTP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	43-46
9813009-4	1998	UCP-1 function is inhibited by the binding of purine nucleotides, with GTP/GDP being more potent than ATP/ADP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
9804788-0	1998	Lipid products of phosphoinositide 3-kinase interact with Rac1 GTPase and stimulate GDP dissociation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	58-62
9822580-4	1998	Nuclear transport depends on the asymmetrical distribution of two forms of the small GTPase Ran: Ran-GTP is concentrated in the nucleus and Ran-GDP in the cytoplasm [5-8].	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	Ran	Drosophila melanogaster	92-95
9804788-8	1998	Finally, PtdIns(3, 4,5)P3 strongly stimulated GDP dissociation from Rac1 in a dose-dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	68-72
9778364-8	1998	These results demonstrate that ligands play a significant role in the stability and structure of the p21.GDP.Mg2+ complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	101-104
9778365-1	1998	p21(H-ras) plays a critical role in signal transduction pathways by cycling between an active, GTP/Mg2+ ternary complex and an inactive, GDP/Mg2+ complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	137-140	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
9799521-10	1998	In support of this model, we show by fluorescence that G alpha i1(GDP).G beta gamma.PLC-beta 2 can form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	phospholipase C beta 2	Homo sapiens	84-94
9778365-1	1998	p21(H-ras) plays a critical role in signal transduction pathways by cycling between an active, GTP/Mg2+ ternary complex and an inactive, GDP/Mg2+ complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	137-140	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	4-9
9778365-11	1998	Only the faster unfolding reaction is observed in the absence of Mg2+, suggesting that this reaction corresponds to the unfolding of the binary complex, p21(H-ras)*GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	164-167	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	153-156
9778365-11	1998	Only the faster unfolding reaction is observed in the absence of Mg2+, suggesting that this reaction corresponds to the unfolding of the binary complex, p21(H-ras)*GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	164-167	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	157-162
9778365-12	1998	The slower unfolding reaction presumably corresponds to the unfolding of the ternary complex, p21(H-ras)*GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
9778365-12	1998	The slower unfolding reaction presumably corresponds to the unfolding of the ternary complex, p21(H-ras)*GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	98-103
9778365-14	1998	The kinetic data show that the refolding/unfolding of p21(H-ras) occurs through parallel channels that are strongly influenced by the binding/release of GDP and Mg2+ to/from a pair of native conformers.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	54-57
9778365-14	1998	The kinetic data show that the refolding/unfolding of p21(H-ras) occurs through parallel channels that are strongly influenced by the binding/release of GDP and Mg2+ to/from a pair of native conformers.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	58-63
9760267-6	1998	The GDP complex of H-Ras binds more than 2 orders of magnitude more weakly than the GTP-analogue complex, mainly due to a significant weakening of the initial binding equilibrium reaction in the GDP state, thereby avoiding even short-lived recruitment of Raf to the plasma membrane by the inactive Ras form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	19-24
9756941-3	1998	Using a new approach to monitor GDI-Rab interactions based on the change in fluorescence associated with the release of methylanthraniloyl guanosine di(tri)phosphate-GDP (mGDP) from Rab, we show that residues previously implicated in the binding of the synapse-specific Rab3A, including Gln-236, Arg-240, and Thr-248, are essential for the binding of Rab1A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	166-169	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	36-39
9756941-3	1998	Using a new approach to monitor GDI-Rab interactions based on the change in fluorescence associated with the release of methylanthraniloyl guanosine di(tri)phosphate-GDP (mGDP) from Rab, we show that residues previously implicated in the binding of the synapse-specific Rab3A, including Gln-236, Arg-240, and Thr-248, are essential for the binding of Rab1A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	166-169	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	270-275
9756941-3	1998	Using a new approach to monitor GDI-Rab interactions based on the change in fluorescence associated with the release of methylanthraniloyl guanosine di(tri)phosphate-GDP (mGDP) from Rab, we show that residues previously implicated in the binding of the synapse-specific Rab3A, including Gln-236, Arg-240, and Thr-248, are essential for the binding of Rab1A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	166-169	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	351-356
9760267-6	1998	The GDP complex of H-Ras binds more than 2 orders of magnitude more weakly than the GTP-analogue complex, mainly due to a significant weakening of the initial binding equilibrium reaction in the GDP state, thereby avoiding even short-lived recruitment of Raf to the plasma membrane by the inactive Ras form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	255-258
9760267-6	1998	The GDP complex of H-Ras binds more than 2 orders of magnitude more weakly than the GTP-analogue complex, mainly due to a significant weakening of the initial binding equilibrium reaction in the GDP state, thereby avoiding even short-lived recruitment of Raf to the plasma membrane by the inactive Ras form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	195-198	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	19-24
9760267-6	1998	The GDP complex of H-Ras binds more than 2 orders of magnitude more weakly than the GTP-analogue complex, mainly due to a significant weakening of the initial binding equilibrium reaction in the GDP state, thereby avoiding even short-lived recruitment of Raf to the plasma membrane by the inactive Ras form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	195-198	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	255-258
9748241-2	1998	Here the Rho family members Cdc42, Rac2, and RhoA were found to form reversible homodimers in both the GTP- and the GDP-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	28-33
9748241-2	1998	Here the Rho family members Cdc42, Rac2, and RhoA were found to form reversible homodimers in both the GTP- and the GDP-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	35-39
9748241-2	1998	Here the Rho family members Cdc42, Rac2, and RhoA were found to form reversible homodimers in both the GTP- and the GDP-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	45-49
9748241-5	1998	Moreover, similar to the case of Cdc42 and Cdc42GAP interaction, Cdc42-GDP interacted with tetrafluoroaluminate and Cdc42-GTPgammaS (guanosine 5"-3-O-(thio)triphosphate) to form a transition state complex of the GTPase-activating reaction in which the carboxyl-terminal determinant(s) of the GTPgammaS-bound Cdc42 plays a critical role.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	33-38
9748241-5	1998	Moreover, similar to the case of Cdc42 and Cdc42GAP interaction, Cdc42-GDP interacted with tetrafluoroaluminate and Cdc42-GTPgammaS (guanosine 5"-3-O-(thio)triphosphate) to form a transition state complex of the GTPase-activating reaction in which the carboxyl-terminal determinant(s) of the GTPgammaS-bound Cdc42 plays a critical role.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	Rho GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	43-51
9802920-9	1998	Mutations found in six of these patients corresponded to those of the third immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) domain or the GTP/GDP binding site in TCR zetaThus, these mutations in TCR zeta mRNA could be responsible for the decreased expression of the TCR zeta protein in SLE T cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	CD247 molecule	Homo sapiens	168-176
9760230-11	1998	The NBR-A active site contained both a cGMP and a GDP molecule each bound at half occupancy while the NBR-B active site contained only cGMP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	nucleoside diphosphate kinase A 2	Bos taurus	4-9
9802920-9	1998	Mutations found in six of these patients corresponded to those of the third immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) domain or the GTP/GDP binding site in TCR zetaThus, these mutations in TCR zeta mRNA could be responsible for the decreased expression of the TCR zeta protein in SLE T cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	CD247 molecule	Homo sapiens	201-209
9826061-7	1998	The differential regulation of the maximal agonist responses by GDP suggests that the [35S]GTPgammaS binding responses to these two ligands could be mediated by different G-protein subtypes upon activation of the 5-HT1A receptor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens	213-228
9739075-6	1998	RanT24N, in contrast to wild-type Ran-GDP, interacts only weakly with importin alpha and nucleoporins, and not at all with the import factor p10, consistent with its poor activity in nuclear import.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	ran GTP-binding protein	Xenopus laevis	0-3
9739075-8	1998	We show that Ran-GDP is essential for proper nuclear assembly and DNA replication, the requirement being primarily before the initiation of DNA replication.	Guanosine Diphosphate	17-20	ran GTP-binding protein	Xenopus laevis	13-16
9739075-9	1998	Ran-GDP therefore mediates the active transport of necessary factors or otherwise controls the onset of S-phase in this system.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	ran GTP-binding protein	Xenopus laevis	0-3
9763446-2	1998	Cycling between the GDP- and GTP-bound forms and the accessory proteins that regulate this cycling are thought to be crucial for Ypt/Rab function.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	133-136
9763446-6	1998	The Ypt1p-GEF stimulates GDP release and GTP uptake at least 10-fold and is specific for Ypt1p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	25-28	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	4-9
9763446-6	1998	The Ypt1p-GEF stimulates GDP release and GTP uptake at least 10-fold and is specific for Ypt1p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	25-28	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	10-13
9763446-6	1998	The Ypt1p-GEF stimulates GDP release and GTP uptake at least 10-fold and is specific for Ypt1p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	25-28	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	89-94
9763446-9	1998	The Ypt1p-GAP stimulates GTP hydrolysis by Ypt1p up to 54-fold, has a higher affinity for the GTP-bound form of Ypt1p than for the GDP-bound form, and is specific to a subgroup of exocytic Ypt proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	4-9
9763446-9	1998	The Ypt1p-GAP stimulates GTP hydrolysis by Ypt1p up to 54-fold, has a higher affinity for the GTP-bound form of Ypt1p than for the GDP-bound form, and is specific to a subgroup of exocytic Ypt proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	43-48
9763446-9	1998	The Ypt1p-GAP stimulates GTP hydrolysis by Ypt1p up to 54-fold, has a higher affinity for the GTP-bound form of Ypt1p than for the GDP-bound form, and is specific to a subgroup of exocytic Ypt proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	43-48
9726996-9	1998	ADP or GDP at higher concentrations was inhibitory, reflecting NDP binding to the substrate site.	Guanosine Diphosphate	7-10	norrin cystine knot growth factor NDP	Homo sapiens	63-66
9753695-2	1998	Upon stimulation by a receptor, Galpha subunits exchange GDP for GTP and dissociate from Gbetagamma, both Galpha and Gbetagamma then interact with downstream effectors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	32-38
9790530-5	1998	The structure of ARF1 in the GTP-analog form closely resembles Ras, revealing a substantial rearrangement from the GDP conformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	17-21
9727013-10	1998	Sucrose density gradient analysis demonstrated that both Gsalpha R258W and Gsalpha R258A were thermolabile at higher temperatures and that denaturation of both mutants was prevented by the presence of 0.1 mM GTPgammaS or 2 mM GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	226-229	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	57-64
9727013-10	1998	Sucrose density gradient analysis demonstrated that both Gsalpha R258W and Gsalpha R258A were thermolabile at higher temperatures and that denaturation of both mutants was prevented by the presence of 0.1 mM GTPgammaS or 2 mM GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	226-229	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	75-82
9727013-0	1998	A novel mutation in the switch 3 region of Gsalpha in a patient with Albright hereditary osteodystrophy impairs GDP binding and receptor activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	43-50
9727013-9	1998	A Gsalpha R258A mutant purified from Escherichia coli had decreased affinity for GDP and an apparent rate of GDP release that was 10-fold greater than that of wild type Gsalpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	2-9
9727013-9	1998	A Gsalpha R258A mutant purified from Escherichia coli had decreased affinity for GDP and an apparent rate of GDP release that was 10-fold greater than that of wild type Gsalpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	2-9
9877231-6	1998	Micromolar concentrations of ATP, ADP, GTP or GDP each inhibited the carboxyl methylation of PP2Ac and, to a lesser degree, the catalytic activity of PP2A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	protein phosphatase 2 catalytic subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	93-98
9748490-3	1998	PRS I is more sensitive to inhibition by ADP and GDP than is PRS II.	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
9716506-3	1998	eIF2B is required for GDP/GTP exchange on eIF2, which delivers methionyl-tRNA to the 40 S ribosomal subunit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	22-25	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
9693007-1	1998	The vibrational spectra of phosphate modes for GDP and GTP bound to the c-Harvey p21(ras) protein have been determined using 18O isotope edited Raman difference spectroscopy.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
9688604-2	1998	We studied pyruvate, alpha-ketoisovalerate, alpha-ketoisocaproate, and phenylpyruvate uniport via the uncoupling protein (UCP1) as a GDP-sensitive swelling in K+ salts induced by valinomycin or by monensin and carbonyl cyanide-p-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone in Na+ salts.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	122-126
9877232-1	1998	Nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDP kinase) catalyzes the transfer of terminal phosphate from nucleotide triphosphates (e.g. ATP) to nucleotide diphosphates (e.g. GDP) to yield nucleotide triphosphates (e.g. GTP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	162-165	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-29
9877231-6	1998	Micromolar concentrations of ATP, ADP, GTP or GDP each inhibited the carboxyl methylation of PP2Ac and, to a lesser degree, the catalytic activity of PP2A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	protein phosphatase 2 phosphatase activator	Homo sapiens	93-97
9877232-1	1998	Nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDP kinase) catalyzes the transfer of terminal phosphate from nucleotide triphosphates (e.g. ATP) to nucleotide diphosphates (e.g. GDP) to yield nucleotide triphosphates (e.g. GTP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	162-165	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	31-41
9649435-0	1998	A glutamic finger in the guanine nucleotide exchange factor ARNO displaces Mg2+ and the beta-phosphate to destabilize GDP on ARF1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	cytohesin 2	Homo sapiens	60-64
9642217-3	1998	In this report, we show that deletion of residues 120-139 from Cdc42(F28L), which comprise an insert region unique to Rho subfamily proteins but is missing in other GTP-binding proteins, yields a Cdc42 molecule that still undergoes spontaneous GTP-GDP exchange and stimulates both actin cytoskeletal changes and the activation of the cellular targets p21-activated kinase and the c-Jun kinase (JNK1).	Guanosine Diphosphate	248-251	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	63-68
9642217-3	1998	In this report, we show that deletion of residues 120-139 from Cdc42(F28L), which comprise an insert region unique to Rho subfamily proteins but is missing in other GTP-binding proteins, yields a Cdc42 molecule that still undergoes spontaneous GTP-GDP exchange and stimulates both actin cytoskeletal changes and the activation of the cellular targets p21-activated kinase and the c-Jun kinase (JNK1).	Guanosine Diphosphate	248-251	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	196-201
9649435-0	1998	A glutamic finger in the guanine nucleotide exchange factor ARNO displaces Mg2+ and the beta-phosphate to destabilize GDP on ARF1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	125-129
9649435-4	1998	We show that Glu156 in the hydrophilic loop of ARNO-Sec7 is involved in the destabilization of Mg2+ and GDP from ARF1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	cytohesin 2	Homo sapiens	47-51
9649435-4	1998	We show that Glu156 in the hydrophilic loop of ARNO-Sec7 is involved in the destabilization of Mg2+ and GDP from ARF1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	52-56
9649435-4	1998	We show that Glu156 in the hydrophilic loop of ARNO-Sec7 is involved in the destabilization of Mg2+ and GDP from ARF1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	113-117
9649435-6	1998	Moreover, [E156K]ARNO-Sec7 forms a complex with the Mg2+-free form of [Delta17]ARF1-GDP without inducing the release of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	cytohesin 2	Homo sapiens	17-21
9649435-6	1998	Moreover, [E156K]ARNO-Sec7 forms a complex with the Mg2+-free form of [Delta17]ARF1-GDP without inducing the release of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	cytohesin 1	Homo sapiens	22-26
9649435-6	1998	Moreover, [E156K]ARNO-Sec7 forms a complex with the Mg2+-free form of [Delta17]ARF1-GDP without inducing the release of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	79-83
9678602-3	1998	Furthermore, the structure of EF-G:GDP is the form of EF-G that dissociates from the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	30-34
9678602-4	1998	Since it mimics the structure of the ternary complex of EF-Tu:GTP with aminoacyl-tRNA, which subsequently binds to the ribosome, EF-G:GDP leaves an imprint on the ribosome for the ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	56-61
9701029-5	1998	Since exon 7 spans the GTP/GDP binding site and N-terminal tyrosine in the third ITAM domain of TCR zeta chain, the transcript lacking exon 7 may be responsible for altered signal transduction via TCR in these SLE patients.	Guanosine Diphosphate	27-30	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	96-99
9678602-4	1998	Since it mimics the structure of the ternary complex of EF-Tu:GTP with aminoacyl-tRNA, which subsequently binds to the ribosome, EF-G:GDP leaves an imprint on the ribosome for the ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	129-133
9678602-3	1998	Furthermore, the structure of EF-G:GDP is the form of EF-G that dissociates from the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	54-58
9628870-4	1998	Deletion of the GTPase-activating proteins Ira1 and Ira2, or expression of the RAS2(val19) allele, causes an enhanced GTP/GDP basal ratio and abolishes the intracellular acidification-induced increase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	GTPase-activating protein IRA1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	43-47
9681826-0	1998	Interaction of radixin with Rho small G protein GDP/GTP exchange protein Dbl.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	radixin	Homo sapiens	15-22
9681826-0	1998	Interaction of radixin with Rho small G protein GDP/GTP exchange protein Dbl.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	73-76
9681826-4	1998	We show here that the N-terminal region of radixin furthermore interacts with Dbl, a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein of the Rho family members.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	radixin	Homo sapiens	43-50
9681826-4	1998	We show here that the N-terminal region of radixin furthermore interacts with Dbl, a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein of the Rho family members.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	78-81
9624180-6	1998	alpha2-Adrenergic stimulation also led to an increase in GDP/GTP exchange on p21(rhoA), as well as to an increase in the amount of p21(rhoA) in the particulate fraction of alpha2AF2 preadipocytes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
9624180-6	1998	alpha2-Adrenergic stimulation also led to an increase in GDP/GTP exchange on p21(rhoA), as well as to an increase in the amount of p21(rhoA) in the particulate fraction of alpha2AF2 preadipocytes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	81-85
9628870-4	1998	Deletion of the GTPase-activating proteins Ira1 and Ira2, or expression of the RAS2(val19) allele, causes an enhanced GTP/GDP basal ratio and abolishes the intracellular acidification-induced increase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	Ras GTPase activating protein IRA2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	52-56
9628870-4	1998	Deletion of the GTPase-activating proteins Ira1 and Ira2, or expression of the RAS2(val19) allele, causes an enhanced GTP/GDP basal ratio and abolishes the intracellular acidification-induced increase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	79-83
9699463-0	1998	GEF-mediated GDP/GTP exchange by monomeric GTPases: a regulatory role for Mg2+?	Guanosine Diphosphate	13-16	mucin 7, secreted	Homo sapiens	74-77
9699463-2	1998	An inactive GDP-bound protein is turned on by a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that catalyzes exchange of GTP for GDP, but unfortunately little is known about the mechanism of GEF action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	12-15	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	48-82
9699463-0	1998	GEF-mediated GDP/GTP exchange by monomeric GTPases: a regulatory role for Mg2+?	Guanosine Diphosphate	13-16	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
9699463-2	1998	An inactive GDP-bound protein is turned on by a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that catalyzes exchange of GTP for GDP, but unfortunately little is known about the mechanism of GEF action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	12-15	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	84-87
9699463-2	1998	An inactive GDP-bound protein is turned on by a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that catalyzes exchange of GTP for GDP, but unfortunately little is known about the mechanism of GEF action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	12-15	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	186-189
9699463-2	1998	An inactive GDP-bound protein is turned on by a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that catalyzes exchange of GTP for GDP, but unfortunately little is known about the mechanism of GEF action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	48-82
9699463-2	1998	An inactive GDP-bound protein is turned on by a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that catalyzes exchange of GTP for GDP, but unfortunately little is known about the mechanism of GEF action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	84-87
9699463-2	1998	An inactive GDP-bound protein is turned on by a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that catalyzes exchange of GTP for GDP, but unfortunately little is known about the mechanism of GEF action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	186-189
9699463-3	1998	A common mechanism for GDP/GTP exchange can be envisioned wherein GEFs activate monomeric GTPases through transient disruption of Mg2+ coordination in the nucleotide-binding pocket while stabilizing a nucleotide-free (and cation-free) conformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	mucin 7, secreted	Homo sapiens	130-133
9699463-5	1998	Evidence in the literature highlighting an important regulatory role for Mg2+ in the mechanism of GEF-mediated GDP/GTP exchange by monomeric GTPases is summarized.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	mucin 7, secreted	Homo sapiens	73-76
9699463-5	1998	Evidence in the literature highlighting an important regulatory role for Mg2+ in the mechanism of GEF-mediated GDP/GTP exchange by monomeric GTPases is summarized.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	98-101
9631509-1	1998	Eukaryotic initiation factor eIF2B plays a key role in the regulation of protein synthesis through its ability to catalyze the exchange of GDP bound to a second initiation factor, eIF2, for free GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-142	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Rattus norvegicus	29-34
9607929-1	1998	Neurofibromin, the protein encoded by the NF1 tumor-suppressor gene, negatively regulates the output of p21(ras) (Ras) proteins by accelerating the hydrolysis of active Ras-guanosine triphosphate to inactive Ras-guanosine diphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	212-233	neurofibromin 1	Mus musculus	0-13
9607929-1	1998	Neurofibromin, the protein encoded by the NF1 tumor-suppressor gene, negatively regulates the output of p21(ras) (Ras) proteins by accelerating the hydrolysis of active Ras-guanosine triphosphate to inactive Ras-guanosine diphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	212-233	neurofibromin 1	Mus musculus	42-45
9607929-1	1998	Neurofibromin, the protein encoded by the NF1 tumor-suppressor gene, negatively regulates the output of p21(ras) (Ras) proteins by accelerating the hydrolysis of active Ras-guanosine triphosphate to inactive Ras-guanosine diphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	212-233	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	104-112
9607929-1	1998	Neurofibromin, the protein encoded by the NF1 tumor-suppressor gene, negatively regulates the output of p21(ras) (Ras) proteins by accelerating the hydrolysis of active Ras-guanosine triphosphate to inactive Ras-guanosine diphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	212-233	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	114-117
9607929-1	1998	Neurofibromin, the protein encoded by the NF1 tumor-suppressor gene, negatively regulates the output of p21(ras) (Ras) proteins by accelerating the hydrolysis of active Ras-guanosine triphosphate to inactive Ras-guanosine diphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	212-233	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	169-172
9607929-1	1998	Neurofibromin, the protein encoded by the NF1 tumor-suppressor gene, negatively regulates the output of p21(ras) (Ras) proteins by accelerating the hydrolysis of active Ras-guanosine triphosphate to inactive Ras-guanosine diphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	212-233	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	169-172
9585556-1	1998	Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) activate Ras proteins by stimulating the exchange of GTP for GDP in a multistep mechanism which involves binary and ternary complexes between Ras, guanine nucleotide, and GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	37-40
9585556-4	1998	The dissociation constant for the binary complex between nucleotide-free Ras and the catalytic domain of mouse Cdc25, Cdc25(Mm285), was 4.6 nM, i.e., a 500-fold lower affinity than the Ras.GDP interaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	189-192	cell division cycle 25C	Mus musculus	111-116
9585556-4	1998	The dissociation constant for the binary complex between nucleotide-free Ras and the catalytic domain of mouse Cdc25, Cdc25(Mm285), was 4.6 nM, i.e., a 500-fold lower affinity than the Ras.GDP interaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	189-192	cell division cycle 25C	Mus musculus	118-123
9585556-7	1998	The maximum acceleration by Cdc25(Mm285) of the GDP dissociation from Ras was more than 10(5)-fold.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	cell division cycle 25C	Mus musculus	28-33
9585556-12	1998	GDP.Cdc25(Mm285) is postulated to be the rate-limiting step of the GEF-catalyzed exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	cell division cycle 25C	Mus musculus	4-9
9585556-12	1998	GDP.Cdc25(Mm285) is postulated to be the rate-limiting step of the GEF-catalyzed exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	67-70
9640542-2	1998	Ran is thought to be primarily bound to GTP in the nucleus and to GDP in the cytoplasm, as a result of the assymetric distribution of factors that interact with Ran to promote guanine nucleotide exchange (in the nucleus) and GTP hydrolysis (in the cytoplasm).	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-3
9659399-3	1998	Recombinant mGBP3 protein, expressed using a baculovirus expression system, binds to agarose-immobilized guanine nucleotides (GTP, GDP and GMP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	guanylate binding protein 3	Mus musculus	12-17
9631509-5	1998	The purified five-subunit eIF2B complex had high GEF activity as assayed by using [3H]GDP-bound to eIF2 as a substrate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Rattus norvegicus	26-31
9565560-5	1998	The EF-Tu.GDP complex is much more active than EF-Tu.GTP in stimulating protein renaturation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	10-13	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Bos taurus	4-9
9565560-5	1998	The EF-Tu.GDP complex is much more active than EF-Tu.GTP in stimulating protein renaturation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	10-13	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Bos taurus	47-52
9650800-5	1998	These features differ from those observed with 5-HT1A receptor agonists; the latter display the same rank order of potency and efficacy in both membrane preparations, and increasing the amount of GDP with C6-glial membranes results in an attenuation of both the agonist"s maximal effect and the apparent potency of partial agonists.	Guanosine Diphosphate	196-199	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens	47-62
9650800-6	1998	The differential regulation of 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B/D agonist responses by GDP suggests that different G-protein subtypes are involved upon 5-HT1A receptor activation by 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B/D agonists.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens	31-48
9650800-6	1998	The differential regulation of 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B/D agonist responses by GDP suggests that different G-protein subtypes are involved upon 5-HT1A receptor activation by 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B/D agonists.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens	137-152
9650800-6	1998	The differential regulation of 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B/D agonist responses by GDP suggests that different G-protein subtypes are involved upon 5-HT1A receptor activation by 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B/D agonists.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens	167-184
9545237-8	1998	Third, disturbing the cell wall with SDS or a rot1, rot2, big1, cwh41, gas1 or fks1 mutation increases GDP/GTP exchange activity toward RHO1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	contactin 3	Homo sapiens	58-62
9588168-8	1998	There are at least three types of regulators for small G proteins: GDP/GTP exchange protein (GEP) which stimulates conversion from the GDP-bound form to the GTP-bound form; GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) which inhibits this reaction; and GTPase activating protein (GAP) which stimulates conversion from the GTP-bound form to the GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	granulin precursor	Homo sapiens	93-96
9588168-8	1998	There are at least three types of regulators for small G proteins: GDP/GTP exchange protein (GEP) which stimulates conversion from the GDP-bound form to the GTP-bound form; GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) which inhibits this reaction; and GTPase activating protein (GAP) which stimulates conversion from the GTP-bound form to the GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	granulin precursor	Homo sapiens	67-91
9588168-8	1998	There are at least three types of regulators for small G proteins: GDP/GTP exchange protein (GEP) which stimulates conversion from the GDP-bound form to the GTP-bound form; GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) which inhibits this reaction; and GTPase activating protein (GAP) which stimulates conversion from the GTP-bound form to the GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	granulin precursor	Homo sapiens	93-96
9588168-8	1998	There are at least three types of regulators for small G proteins: GDP/GTP exchange protein (GEP) which stimulates conversion from the GDP-bound form to the GTP-bound form; GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) which inhibits this reaction; and GTPase activating protein (GAP) which stimulates conversion from the GTP-bound form to the GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	granulin precursor	Homo sapiens	67-91
9588168-8	1998	There are at least three types of regulators for small G proteins: GDP/GTP exchange protein (GEP) which stimulates conversion from the GDP-bound form to the GTP-bound form; GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) which inhibits this reaction; and GTPase activating protein (GAP) which stimulates conversion from the GTP-bound form to the GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	granulin precursor	Homo sapiens	93-96
9545237-8	1998	Third, disturbing the cell wall with SDS or a rot1, rot2, big1, cwh41, gas1 or fks1 mutation increases GDP/GTP exchange activity toward RHO1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	mannosyl-oligosaccharide glucosidase	Homo sapiens	64-69
9545237-8	1998	Third, disturbing the cell wall with SDS or a rot1, rot2, big1, cwh41, gas1 or fks1 mutation increases GDP/GTP exchange activity toward RHO1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	growth arrest specific 1	Homo sapiens	71-75
9545237-8	1998	Third, disturbing the cell wall with SDS or a rot1, rot2, big1, cwh41, gas1 or fks1 mutation increases GDP/GTP exchange activity toward RHO1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	136-140
9539726-5	1998	Docking of the NMR structure to the GDP-bound x-ray structure of Gt reveals that photoexcited rhodopsin promotes the formation of a continuous helix over residues 325-346 terminated by the C-terminal helical cap with a unique cluster of crucial hydrophobic side chains.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	94-103
9548756-1	1998	The small GTP-binding protein RhoA becomes inactivated by hydrolyzing bound GTP to GDP through its intrinsic GTPase activity which is further stimulated by a family of Rho GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs).	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	30-34
9531558-4	1998	Rnd1 has a low affinity for GDP and spontaneously exchanges nucleotide rapidly in a physiological buffer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	28-31	Rho family GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
9537998-10	1998	Finally, we show that Sst2 binds with highest affinity to the transition state of Gpa1 (GDP-AlF4--bound), and with much lower affinity to the inactive (GDP-bound) and active (GTPgammaS-bound) conformations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	GTPase-activating protein SST2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	22-26
9537998-10	1998	Finally, we show that Sst2 binds with highest affinity to the transition state of Gpa1 (GDP-AlF4--bound), and with much lower affinity to the inactive (GDP-bound) and active (GTPgammaS-bound) conformations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	82-86
9533885-0	1998	Structural basis for molecular recognition between nuclear transport factor 2 (NTF2) and the GDP-bound form of the Ras-family GTPase Ran.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	nuclear transport factor 2	Homo sapiens	51-77
9533885-0	1998	Structural basis for molecular recognition between nuclear transport factor 2 (NTF2) and the GDP-bound form of the Ras-family GTPase Ran.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	nuclear transport factor 2	Homo sapiens	79-83
9533885-0	1998	Structural basis for molecular recognition between nuclear transport factor 2 (NTF2) and the GDP-bound form of the Ras-family GTPase Ran.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	133-136
9563513-0	1998	Moderate discrimination of REP-1 between Rab7 x GDP and Rab7 x GTP arises from a difference of an order of magnitude in dissociation rates.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	CHM Rab escort protein	Homo sapiens	27-32
9533885-2	1998	NTF2 binds GDP-Ran selectively and this interaction is important for efficient nuclear protein import in vivo.	Guanosine Diphosphate	11-14	nuclear transport factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
9563513-0	1998	Moderate discrimination of REP-1 between Rab7 x GDP and Rab7 x GTP arises from a difference of an order of magnitude in dissociation rates.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	41-45
9533885-2	1998	NTF2 binds GDP-Ran selectively and this interaction is important for efficient nuclear protein import in vivo.	Guanosine Diphosphate	11-14	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	15-18
9563513-1	1998	The kinetics of the interaction of Rab7 with REP-1 have been investigated using the fluorescence of GDP and GTP analogs at the active site of Rab7.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	35-39
9563513-1	1998	The kinetics of the interaction of Rab7 with REP-1 have been investigated using the fluorescence of GDP and GTP analogs at the active site of Rab7.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	CHM Rab escort protein	Homo sapiens	45-50
9533885-3	1998	We have used X-ray crystallography to determine the structure of the macromolecular complex formed between GDP-Ran and nuclear transport factor 2 (NTF2) at 2.5 A resolution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	111-114
9563513-1	1998	The kinetics of the interaction of Rab7 with REP-1 have been investigated using the fluorescence of GDP and GTP analogs at the active site of Rab7.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	142-146
9533885-3	1998	We have used X-ray crystallography to determine the structure of the macromolecular complex formed between GDP-Ran and nuclear transport factor 2 (NTF2) at 2.5 A resolution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	nuclear transport factor 2	Homo sapiens	119-145
9563513-2	1998	The results show that REP-1 has higher affinity for the GDP bound form of Rab7 (Kd=1 nM) than for the GTP bound form (Kd=20 nM).	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	CHM Rab escort protein	Homo sapiens	22-27
9563513-2	1998	The results show that REP-1 has higher affinity for the GDP bound form of Rab7 (Kd=1 nM) than for the GTP bound form (Kd=20 nM).	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	74-78
9533885-3	1998	We have used X-ray crystallography to determine the structure of the macromolecular complex formed between GDP-Ran and nuclear transport factor 2 (NTF2) at 2.5 A resolution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	nuclear transport factor 2	Homo sapiens	147-151
9563513-7	1998	The difference in affinity of the two nucleotide bound forms arises from a difference in dissociation rates (0.012 s[-1] for Rab7 x GDP and 0.2 s[-1] for Rab7 x GTP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	132-135	RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	125-129
9533885-5	1998	The major contribution to the interaction made by the switch II loop accounts for the ability of NTF2 to discriminate between GDP and GTP-bound forms of Ran.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-129	nuclear transport factor 2	Homo sapiens	97-101
9524116-6	1998	Rabaptin-5beta does not heterodimerize with Rabaptin-5, and forms a distinct complex with Rabex-5, the GDP/GTP exchange factor for Rab5.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	rabaptin, RAB GTPase binding effector protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-14
9518480-9	1998	In contrast, the GDP dissociation rate constant is approximately 7 times higher for eEF1A-1 than for eEF1A-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	17-20	elongation factor 1-alpha 1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	84-91
9518480-9	1998	In contrast, the GDP dissociation rate constant is approximately 7 times higher for eEF1A-1 than for eEF1A-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	17-20	elongation factor 1-alpha 2	Oryctolagus cuniculus	101-108
9518480-10	1998	The nucleotide preference ratio (GDP/GTP) for eEF1A-1 was 0.82, while the preference ratio for eEF1A-2 was 1.50.	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-36	elongation factor 1-alpha 1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	46-53
9524116-6	1998	Rabaptin-5beta does not heterodimerize with Rabaptin-5, and forms a distinct complex with Rabex-5, the GDP/GTP exchange factor for Rab5.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	rabaptin, RAB GTPase binding effector protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-10
9524116-6	1998	Rabaptin-5beta does not heterodimerize with Rabaptin-5, and forms a distinct complex with Rabex-5, the GDP/GTP exchange factor for Rab5.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	RAB guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	90-97
9524116-6	1998	Rabaptin-5beta does not heterodimerize with Rabaptin-5, and forms a distinct complex with Rabex-5, the GDP/GTP exchange factor for Rab5.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	131-135
9510255-4	1998	Biochemically, RCC1 is a guanine-nucleotide-exchange factor for the nuclear Ras homologue Ran; it increases the dissociation of Ran-bound GDP by 10(5)-fold.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	15-19
9488731-3	1998	It becomes rapidly and transiently tyrosine-phosphorylated upon triggering of a large number of surface receptors and catalyzes GDP/GTP exchange on Rac-1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	148-153
9485466-4	1998	The dynamic properties of the GTPase domain of Galphat-GDP were compared to those of ras p21 and reveal a significant degree of similarity, indicating common dynamic properties for an equivalent domain in two different proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Bos taurus	89-92
9512491-7	1998	Furthermore the stimulated PLC-delta1 activity resulting from activation of Ghalpha via the oxytocin receptor was significantly attenuated by the selective oxytocin antagonist desGly-NH2d(CH2)5[Tyr(Me)2,Thr4]ornithine vasotocin or GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	231-234	phospholipase C delta 1	Homo sapiens	27-37
9512491-7	1998	Furthermore the stimulated PLC-delta1 activity resulting from activation of Ghalpha via the oxytocin receptor was significantly attenuated by the selective oxytocin antagonist desGly-NH2d(CH2)5[Tyr(Me)2,Thr4]ornithine vasotocin or GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	231-234	oxytocin receptor	Homo sapiens	92-109
9510255-4	1998	Biochemically, RCC1 is a guanine-nucleotide-exchange factor for the nuclear Ras homologue Ran; it increases the dissociation of Ran-bound GDP by 10(5)-fold.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	90-93
9510255-4	1998	Biochemically, RCC1 is a guanine-nucleotide-exchange factor for the nuclear Ras homologue Ran; it increases the dissociation of Ran-bound GDP by 10(5)-fold.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	128-131
9510256-4	1998	In the case of the small G protein Arf1, the exchange of bound GDP for GTP promotes the coating of secretory vesicles in Golgi traffic.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	35-39
9447972-6	1998	Here we report the identification of a diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) which also associates with both GTP- and GDP-bound Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	diacylglycerol kinase beta	Homo sapiens	39-60
9530130-9	1998	Moreover, significant GDP binding was detected in the white fat and muscle of the CL-treated mice, at about one-fourth and one-thirteenth the activity of brown fat, respectively, suggesting that ectopically expressed UCP is functionally active.	Guanosine Diphosphate	22-25	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	217-220
9488475-3	1998	Dominant negative forms of Rho family proteins and RhoGDI, a GDP dissociation inhibitor, suppressed transcription of muscle-specific genes, while mutationally activated forms of Rho family proteins strongly activated their transcription.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) alpha	Mus musculus	51-57
9468490-3	1998	We have characterized the AlF4--induced complex formation between the GDP-bound form of the Rho subfamily G-protein Cdc42Hs and a limit functional domain of the Cdc42-GAP using a variety of biochemical techniques.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	116-123
9468490-3	1998	We have characterized the AlF4--induced complex formation between the GDP-bound form of the Rho subfamily G-protein Cdc42Hs and a limit functional domain of the Cdc42-GAP using a variety of biochemical techniques.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	Rho GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	161-170
9468490-6	1998	Unlike Ras, we find that AlF4- and BeF3- mediate complex formation between Cdc42Hs.GDP and downstream target/effector molecules, indicating that there are important differences in the mechanism of effector binding between the Ras and Rho subfamily G-proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	75-82
9456320-8	1998	On the other hand, expression of ARF6(T27N), a mutant of ARF6 defective in GDP binding, resulted in an accumulation of perinuclear ARF6-positive vesicles that partially colocalized with HRP on prolonged exposure to the tracer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Cricetulus griseus	33-37
9456320-8	1998	On the other hand, expression of ARF6(T27N), a mutant of ARF6 defective in GDP binding, resulted in an accumulation of perinuclear ARF6-positive vesicles that partially colocalized with HRP on prolonged exposure to the tracer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Cricetulus griseus	57-61
9456320-8	1998	On the other hand, expression of ARF6(T27N), a mutant of ARF6 defective in GDP binding, resulted in an accumulation of perinuclear ARF6-positive vesicles that partially colocalized with HRP on prolonged exposure to the tracer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Cricetulus griseus	57-61
9473450-5	1998	recSsEF-1beta and Y54HSsEF-1beta were both able to catalyze the GDP/GTP exchange on SsEF-1alpha as observed with the wild-type SsEF-1beta.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	84-95
9438848-2	1998	Vav, a guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-guanosine triphosphate (GTP) exchange factor for Rac that stimulates the exchange of bound GDP for GTP, bound to and was directly controlled by substrates and products of phosphoinositide (PI) 3-kinase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	7-28	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
9438848-2	1998	Vav, a guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-guanosine triphosphate (GTP) exchange factor for Rac that stimulates the exchange of bound GDP for GTP, bound to and was directly controlled by substrates and products of phosphoinositide (PI) 3-kinase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
9438848-2	1998	Vav, a guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-guanosine triphosphate (GTP) exchange factor for Rac that stimulates the exchange of bound GDP for GTP, bound to and was directly controlled by substrates and products of phosphoinositide (PI) 3-kinase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-129	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
9488489-11	1998	We propose a model for the CD5-induced signaling pathway in which the PI 3-kinase lipid products, together with tyrosine phosphorylation, activate Vav, resulting in the activation of Rac1 by the Vav-mediated exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	220-223	CD5 molecule	Homo sapiens	27-30
9488489-11	1998	We propose a model for the CD5-induced signaling pathway in which the PI 3-kinase lipid products, together with tyrosine phosphorylation, activate Vav, resulting in the activation of Rac1 by the Vav-mediated exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	220-223	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	147-150
9488489-11	1998	We propose a model for the CD5-induced signaling pathway in which the PI 3-kinase lipid products, together with tyrosine phosphorylation, activate Vav, resulting in the activation of Rac1 by the Vav-mediated exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	220-223	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	183-187
9488489-11	1998	We propose a model for the CD5-induced signaling pathway in which the PI 3-kinase lipid products, together with tyrosine phosphorylation, activate Vav, resulting in the activation of Rac1 by the Vav-mediated exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	220-223	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	195-198
9472020-4	1998	Unlike wild-type eIF2B, eIF2B complexes with mutated GCN3 or GCD7 subunits efficiently catalyzed GDP exchange using eIF2(alphaP) as a substrate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	translation initiation factor eIF2B subunit alpha	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	53-57
9472020-4	1998	Unlike wild-type eIF2B, eIF2B complexes with mutated GCN3 or GCD7 subunits efficiently catalyzed GDP exchange using eIF2(alphaP) as a substrate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	translation initiation factor eIF2B subunit beta	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	61-65
9446575-7	1998	HRIaPRK1 is entirely GTP-dependent, while HR1bPRK1 binds both GTP- and GDP-bound forms of RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	Protein kinase domain-containing protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	42-50
9442029-5	1998	The interaction between eIF-5A and TGase is specific for the GDP-bound form of the TGase and is not detected when the TGase is pre-loaded with GTP gamma S. The TGase-eIF-5A interaction also is promoted by Ca2+, Mg2+, and RA treatment of HeLa cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A	Homo sapiens	24-30
9442029-5	1998	The interaction between eIF-5A and TGase is specific for the GDP-bound form of the TGase and is not detected when the TGase is pre-loaded with GTP gamma S. The TGase-eIF-5A interaction also is promoted by Ca2+, Mg2+, and RA treatment of HeLa cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	coagulation factor XIII A chain	Homo sapiens	35-40
9442029-5	1998	The interaction between eIF-5A and TGase is specific for the GDP-bound form of the TGase and is not detected when the TGase is pre-loaded with GTP gamma S. The TGase-eIF-5A interaction also is promoted by Ca2+, Mg2+, and RA treatment of HeLa cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	coagulation factor XIII A chain	Homo sapiens	83-88
9442029-5	1998	The interaction between eIF-5A and TGase is specific for the GDP-bound form of the TGase and is not detected when the TGase is pre-loaded with GTP gamma S. The TGase-eIF-5A interaction also is promoted by Ca2+, Mg2+, and RA treatment of HeLa cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	coagulation factor XIII A chain	Homo sapiens	83-88
9442029-5	1998	The interaction between eIF-5A and TGase is specific for the GDP-bound form of the TGase and is not detected when the TGase is pre-loaded with GTP gamma S. The TGase-eIF-5A interaction also is promoted by Ca2+, Mg2+, and RA treatment of HeLa cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	coagulation factor XIII A chain	Homo sapiens	83-88
9442029-5	1998	The interaction between eIF-5A and TGase is specific for the GDP-bound form of the TGase and is not detected when the TGase is pre-loaded with GTP gamma S. The TGase-eIF-5A interaction also is promoted by Ca2+, Mg2+, and RA treatment of HeLa cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A	Homo sapiens	166-172
9447972-6	1998	Here we report the identification of a diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) which also associates with both GTP- and GDP-bound Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	diacylglycerol kinase beta	Homo sapiens	62-65
9447972-6	1998	Here we report the identification of a diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) which also associates with both GTP- and GDP-bound Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	118-122
9437002-3	1998	REP binds preferentially to Rab proteins that are in the GDP state, but the specific structural domains involved in this interaction have not been defined.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	RAB1B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	28-31
9419378-1	1998	Suramin acts as a G protein inhibitor because it inhibits the rate-limiting step in activation of the Galpha subunit, i.e., the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	102-108
9417078-7	1998	Recombinant Sra-1 interacted with GTPgammaS.GST-Rac1 and weakly with GDP.Rac1 but not with GST-Cdc42 or GST-RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	steroid receptor RNA activator 1	Bos taurus	12-17
10397336-9	1998	The structural comparison of this ternary complex with the structure of EF-G:GDP displays an unexpected macromolecular mimicry, where three domains of EF-G mimick the shape of the tRNA in the ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	72-76
10397336-9	1998	The structural comparison of this ternary complex with the structure of EF-G:GDP displays an unexpected macromolecular mimicry, where three domains of EF-G mimick the shape of the tRNA in the ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	151-155
9422735-4	1998	Guanosine 5"-[gamma-thio]triphosphate (GTPgammaS) indirectly promoted the dissociation of actin-gelsolin complexes in a cell-free system using neutrophil cytosol, and this effect was blocked by the GDP dissociation inhibitor for Rho (Rho-GDI).	Guanosine Diphosphate	198-201	gelsolin	Homo sapiens	96-104
9422735-4	1998	Guanosine 5"-[gamma-thio]triphosphate (GTPgammaS) indirectly promoted the dissociation of actin-gelsolin complexes in a cell-free system using neutrophil cytosol, and this effect was blocked by the GDP dissociation inhibitor for Rho (Rho-GDI).	Guanosine Diphosphate	198-201	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	234-241
9437002-9	1998	These data indicate that the Switch 2 domain of Rab1B is a key structural determinant for REP interaction and that nucleotide-dependent conformational changes in this region are largely responsible for the selective interaction of REP with the GDP-bound form of the Rab substrate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	244-247	RAB1B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	48-53
9437002-9	1998	These data indicate that the Switch 2 domain of Rab1B is a key structural determinant for REP interaction and that nucleotide-dependent conformational changes in this region are largely responsible for the selective interaction of REP with the GDP-bound form of the Rab substrate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	244-247	RAB1B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	48-51
9405391-5	1997	The inhibitory effects of various nucleotides on the activity of Fuc-TVII reflected its donor specificity for the nucleotide portion of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	fucosyltransferase 7	Homo sapiens	65-73
9450542-1	1997	The ras proteins (Harvey, Kirsten and N-ras) are key regulators of signal transduction and a perturbation of their GDP/GTP cycle is frequently observed in tumors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-119	neuroblastoma ras oncogene	Mus musculus	38-43
9405422-4	1997	Oscillation occurs during GTP hydrolysis and subsequent replacement of GDP by EF-Ts which is then displaced by GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	78-83
9405422-9	1997	Kirromycin locks EF-Tu in the open conformation in the presence of either GTP or GDP, whereas pulvomycin locks the factor in the closed conformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	17-22
9398678-4	1997	T42A-Ran binds guanine nucleotides as well as wild-type Ran and responds as well as wild-type Ran to GTP or GDP exchange stimulated by the Ran-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, RCC1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	5-8
9416833-0	1997	Colocalization of Ras and Ral on the membrane is required for Ras-dependent Ral activation through Ral GDP dissociation stimulator.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	26-29
9416833-0	1997	Colocalization of Ras and Ral on the membrane is required for Ras-dependent Ral activation through Ral GDP dissociation stimulator.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	76-79
9416833-0	1997	Colocalization of Ras and Ral on the membrane is required for Ras-dependent Ral activation through Ral GDP dissociation stimulator.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	76-79
9416833-1	1997	Ral GDP dissociation stimulator (RalGDS), a putative effector protein of Ras, stimulated the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the post-tanslationally lipid-modified but not the unmodified form of Ral in response to epidermal growth factor in COS cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	33-39
9416833-1	1997	Ral GDP dissociation stimulator (RalGDS), a putative effector protein of Ras, stimulated the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the post-tanslationally lipid-modified but not the unmodified form of Ral in response to epidermal growth factor in COS cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
9416833-6	1997	When Ral was incorporated with the GTP-bound form of Ras in the liposomes, RalGDS stimulated the dissociation of GDP from Ral, while the GDP-bound form of Ras did not affect the RalGDS action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	5-8
9416833-6	1997	When Ral was incorporated with the GTP-bound form of Ras in the liposomes, RalGDS stimulated the dissociation of GDP from Ral, while the GDP-bound form of Ras did not affect the RalGDS action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	75-81
9416833-6	1997	When Ral was incorporated with the GTP-bound form of Ras in the liposomes, RalGDS stimulated the dissociation of GDP from Ral, while the GDP-bound form of Ras did not affect the RalGDS action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	75-78
9416833-6	1997	When Ral was incorporated with the GTP-bound form of Ras in the liposomes, RalGDS stimulated the dissociation of GDP from Ral, while the GDP-bound form of Ras did not affect the RalGDS action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	137-140	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	5-8
9416833-8	1997	Rap, which shared the same effector loop as Ras, also stimulated the dissociation of GDP from Ral through RalGDS in the liposomes, although Rap did not enhance the RalGDS action in COS cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	LDL receptor related protein associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
9416833-8	1997	Rap, which shared the same effector loop as Ras, also stimulated the dissociation of GDP from Ral through RalGDS in the liposomes, although Rap did not enhance the RalGDS action in COS cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	94-97
9416833-8	1997	Rap, which shared the same effector loop as Ras, also stimulated the dissociation of GDP from Ral through RalGDS in the liposomes, although Rap did not enhance the RalGDS action in COS cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	106-112
9398678-5	1997	T42A-Ran.GDP also retains the ability to bind p10/NTF2, a component of the nuclear import pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	5-8
9398678-5	1997	T42A-Ran.GDP also retains the ability to bind p10/NTF2, a component of the nuclear import pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	S100 calcium binding protein A10	Homo sapiens	46-49
9398678-5	1997	T42A-Ran.GDP also retains the ability to bind p10/NTF2, a component of the nuclear import pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	nuclear transport factor 2	Homo sapiens	50-54
9374488-4	1997	The ESR spectra of SL-GTP and SL-GDP in complex with p21 differ significantly when acquired at 0 degrees C or 5 degrees C indicating different environments (conformations) of the protein-bound radicals depending on the phosphorylation state of the bound nucleotide.	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-36	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
9368021-9	1997	This IQGAP1 activity was further enhanced by guanosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTPgammaS).GST-Cdc42 but not by GDP.GST-Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1	Bos taurus	5-11
9398520-1	1997	A normal mode and energy minimization of ras p21 is used to determine the flexibility of the protein and the origin of the conformational differences between GTP and GDP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	166-169	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	45-48
9368653-2	1997	In this study we probed the role of the NTF2-Ran interaction in nuclear protein import using site-directed mutants of NTF2 that interfere with its interaction with GDP-Ran.	Guanosine Diphosphate	164-167	Ran GTPase-binding protein NTF2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	118-122
9395237-3	1997	M-Ras contained conserved motifs for GDP/GTP-binding and GTPase activities, whereas it varied from the other Ras family proteins at several amino acids within the extended effector domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	muscle RAS oncogene homolog	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
9351440-5	1997	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor inhibited the action of RhoA on c-fos luciferase expression.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	55-59
9351440-5	1997	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor inhibited the action of RhoA on c-fos luciferase expression.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	63-68
9338791-3	1997	Their rate of hydrolysis of GTP to GDP by virtue of their intrinsic GTPase activity is slow, but can be accelerated by up to 10(5)-fold through interaction with rhoGAP, a GTPase-activating protein that stimulates Rho-family proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	Rho GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	161-167
9338791-5	1997	Here we report the crystal structure of RhoA and rhoGAP complexed with the transition-state analogue GDP.AlF4- at 1.65 A resolution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	40-44
9338791-5	1997	Here we report the crystal structure of RhoA and rhoGAP complexed with the transition-state analogue GDP.AlF4- at 1.65 A resolution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	Rho GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	49-55
9345299-3	1997	Suitable rate constants for a sequential mechanism involving the transient formation of the quaternary complex eIF-2.eIF-2B.GDP.GTP are suggested.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	111-116
9345299-3	1997	Suitable rate constants for a sequential mechanism involving the transient formation of the quaternary complex eIF-2.eIF-2B.GDP.GTP are suggested.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	117-123
9366387-5	1997	In contrast, this mutant had no effect on Ag presentation dependent upon preexisting pools of class II molecules, and the overexpression of an inactive GDP-bound form of rab6 (T27N) did not affect any Ag presentation pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	152-155	RAB6A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	170-174
9334181-4	1997	However, the regulation of GDP dissociation and GTP hydrolysis on Cdc42Hs by the Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor (GDI) is extremely sensitive to changes in the insert region, such that a Cdc42Hs/Ha-Ras chimera that lacks this insert is no longer susceptible to a GDI-induced inhibition of GDP dissociation and GTP hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	27-30	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	66-73
9334181-4	1997	However, the regulation of GDP dissociation and GTP hydrolysis on Cdc42Hs by the Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor (GDI) is extremely sensitive to changes in the insert region, such that a Cdc42Hs/Ha-Ras chimera that lacks this insert is no longer susceptible to a GDI-induced inhibition of GDP dissociation and GTP hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	27-30	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	186-193
9334181-4	1997	However, the regulation of GDP dissociation and GTP hydrolysis on Cdc42Hs by the Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor (GDI) is extremely sensitive to changes in the insert region, such that a Cdc42Hs/Ha-Ras chimera that lacks this insert is no longer susceptible to a GDI-induced inhibition of GDP dissociation and GTP hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	66-73
9334181-4	1997	However, the regulation of GDP dissociation and GTP hydrolysis on Cdc42Hs by the Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor (GDI) is extremely sensitive to changes in the insert region, such that a Cdc42Hs/Ha-Ras chimera that lacks this insert is no longer susceptible to a GDI-induced inhibition of GDP dissociation and GTP hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	186-193
9368653-8	1997	Furthermore, when the NTF2 E42K and D92N/D94N NTF2 mutants that failed to bind GDP-Ran in vitro were substituted for the chromosomal yeast NTF2, the yeast cells became non-viable, whereas yeast substituted with wild-type human NTF2 remained viable.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	Ran GTPase-binding protein NTF2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	22-26
9315840-5	1997	Affinities of RanBP1 for Ran in the GTP-bound state were in the nanomolar range, while Ran.GDP bound RanBP1 with a dissociation constant around 10 microM.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	RAN binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	101-107
9314528-1	1997	ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) 6 localizes to the plasma membrane (PM) in its GTP state and to a tubulovesicular compartment in its GDP state in HeLa cells that express wild-type or mutant forms of this GTPase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	25-31
9312123-9	1997	As a consequence of this inhibition, presence of p120-GAP enhanced the regeneration of Ha-Ras.GTPgammaS by GEF at a GDP:GTPgammaS ratio mimicking the in vivo GDP:GTP ratio.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	RAS p21 protein activator 1	Homo sapiens	49-57
9312123-9	1997	As a consequence of this inhibition, presence of p120-GAP enhanced the regeneration of Ha-Ras.GTPgammaS by GEF at a GDP:GTPgammaS ratio mimicking the in vivo GDP:GTP ratio.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	107-110
9312123-11	1997	This constrain is likely involved in the regulation of the physiological GDP/GTP cycle of Ras and in the action of p120-GAP as downstream effector of Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	RAS p21 protein activator 1	Homo sapiens	115-123
9315840-6	1997	Interestingly, the difference in affinity of RanBP1 for Ran.GDP was mostly due to a dramatic increase of the dissociation rate constant.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	RAN binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	45-51
9315840-6	1997	Interestingly, the difference in affinity of RanBP1 for Ran.GDP was mostly due to a dramatic increase of the dissociation rate constant.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	45-48
9315840-8	1997	Here, we show that RanBP1 binds RanDeltaC.mGppNHp with KD values around 10 microM, as is the case for its association with full-length Ran.GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-142	RAN binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	19-25
9315840-8	1997	Here, we show that RanBP1 binds RanDeltaC.mGppNHp with KD values around 10 microM, as is the case for its association with full-length Ran.GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-142	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	19-22
9328353-13	1997	Modeling of G(S alpha) based upon the crystal structure of G(t alpha) or G(i alpha) suggests that Ser250 interacts with several residues within and around the conserved NKXD motif, which directly interacts with the guanine ring of bound GDP or GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	237-240	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	12-21
9438375-1	1997	Eukaryotic initiation factor 2B (eIF2B) is a guanine nucleotide-exchange factor which mediates the exchange of GDP (bound to initiation factor eIF2) for GTP, thus regenerating the active [eIF2.GTP] complex that is required for peptide-chain initiation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	0-31
9438375-1	1997	Eukaryotic initiation factor 2B (eIF2B) is a guanine nucleotide-exchange factor which mediates the exchange of GDP (bound to initiation factor eIF2) for GTP, thus regenerating the active [eIF2.GTP] complex that is required for peptide-chain initiation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	33-38
9438375-1	1997	Eukaryotic initiation factor 2B (eIF2B) is a guanine nucleotide-exchange factor which mediates the exchange of GDP (bound to initiation factor eIF2) for GTP, thus regenerating the active [eIF2.GTP] complex that is required for peptide-chain initiation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	33-37
9438375-1	1997	Eukaryotic initiation factor 2B (eIF2B) is a guanine nucleotide-exchange factor which mediates the exchange of GDP (bound to initiation factor eIF2) for GTP, thus regenerating the active [eIF2.GTP] complex that is required for peptide-chain initiation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	143-147
9312017-0	1997	Crystal structures of the small G protein Rap2A in complex with its substrate GTP, with GDP and with GTPgammaS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	RAP2A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	42-47
9348536-9	1997	The results further suggest that the balance of GTP- and GDP-Ran is critical for proper nuclear assembly and function in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	ran GTP-binding protein	Xenopus laevis	61-64
9323142-2	1997	Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor delivers Rab5 to the membrane, where a nucleotide exchange activity allows recruitment of an effector protein, Rabaptin-5.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	40-44
9323142-2	1997	Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor delivers Rab5 to the membrane, where a nucleotide exchange activity allows recruitment of an effector protein, Rabaptin-5.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	rabaptin, RAB GTPase binding effector protein 1	Homo sapiens	142-152
9323142-6	1997	Rabex-5 displays GDP/GTP exchange activity on Rab5 upon delivery of the GTPase to the membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	17-20	RAB guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-7
9323142-6	1997	Rabex-5 displays GDP/GTP exchange activity on Rab5 upon delivery of the GTPase to the membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	17-20	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	46-50
9312017-1	1997	The small G protein Rap2A has been crystallized in complex with GDP, GTP and GTPgammaS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	RAP2A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	20-25
9312017-8	1997	The conformational changes between the GDP and GTP complexes are located essentially in the switch I and II regions as described for the related oncoprotein H-Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	157-162
9346296-5	1997	GDP and its analogue, guanosine 5"-O-[beta-thio]diphosphate, inhibited the stimulatory effect of GTP[S], whereas the PMA response was prevented by the nonselective PKC inhibitor, staurosporine, but not vice versa.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	164-167
9287351-2	1997	The GDP-bound form complexed with Rho GDI is not activated by the GDP/GTP exchange factor for the Rho family members, suggesting the presence of another factor necessary for this activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	34-41
9287316-6	1997	In this work, we have used a fluorescent active mutant (Y32W) of p21(Ha-)ras to demonstrate that BeF3- binds to the GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	65-68
9348095-9	1997	GDP at 1 mM inhibited the liver enzyme and rPRS I by 32 and 93%, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1	Rattus norvegicus	43-49
9404480-3	1997	These changes alter the conformation of the protein resulting in insensitivity of the protein to the GTPase activating protein which normally hydrolyses the active p21RAS GTP-bound form to the inactive GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	202-205	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	164-170
9309207-0	1997	A9 fibroblasts transfected with the m3 muscarinic receptor clone express a Ca2+ channel activated by carbachol, GTP and GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	cholinergic receptor muscarinic 3	Homo sapiens	36-58
9268368-5	1997	Arno catalyzes the release of GDP more efficiently than that of GTP from [Delta17]ARF1, and a stable complex between Arno Sec7 domain and nucleotide-free [Delta17]ARF1 can be isolated.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	cytohesin 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
9268368-5	1997	Arno catalyzes the release of GDP more efficiently than that of GTP from [Delta17]ARF1, and a stable complex between Arno Sec7 domain and nucleotide-free [Delta17]ARF1 can be isolated.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	82-86
9268368-5	1997	Arno catalyzes the release of GDP more efficiently than that of GTP from [Delta17]ARF1, and a stable complex between Arno Sec7 domain and nucleotide-free [Delta17]ARF1 can be isolated.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	cytohesin 2	Homo sapiens	117-121
9268368-5	1997	Arno catalyzes the release of GDP more efficiently than that of GTP from [Delta17]ARF1, and a stable complex between Arno Sec7 domain and nucleotide-free [Delta17]ARF1 can be isolated.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	163-167
9302995-0	1997	Crystal structure of RhoA-GDP and its functional implications.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	21-25
9302995-2	1997	A 2.1 A resolution crystal structure of the human RhoA-GDP complex shows unique stereochemistry in the switch I region, which results in a novel mode of Mg2+ binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	50-54
9261173-2	1997	Previous biochemical studies have shown that NTF2 binds directly to the GDP-bound form of Ran/TC4 and to proteins of the nuclear pore complex that contain phenylalanine-glycine repeats.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	nuclear transport factor 2	Homo sapiens	45-49
9261173-2	1997	Previous biochemical studies have shown that NTF2 binds directly to the GDP-bound form of Ran/TC4 and to proteins of the nuclear pore complex that contain phenylalanine-glycine repeats.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	90-93
9261173-2	1997	Previous biochemical studies have shown that NTF2 binds directly to the GDP-bound form of Ran/TC4 and to proteins of the nuclear pore complex that contain phenylalanine-glycine repeats.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	94-97
9252412-6	1997	However, Ca2+/calmodulin"s effect differs from that of Rab guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor not only in being Ca2+-dependent but also in having a less stringent requirement for GDP as opposed to GTP and in involving a less complete dissociation of Rab3A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	186-189	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	55-58
9254632-2	1997	Crystallographic investigations have revealed that EF-G.GDP resembles the EF-Tu.GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	51-55
9254632-2	1997	Crystallographic investigations have revealed that EF-G.GDP resembles the EF-Tu.GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	74-79
9254632-5	1997	However, its significance is uncertain because the affinity of EF-G.GDP for the ribosome is much lower than that of the ternary complex it resembles and because EF-Tu.GDP, the form of EF-Tu that has low ribosome affinity, has a conformation radically different from that of EF-Tu.GTP or EF-Tu in the ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	63-67
9254632-5	1997	However, its significance is uncertain because the affinity of EF-G.GDP for the ribosome is much lower than that of the ternary complex it resembles and because EF-Tu.GDP, the form of EF-Tu that has low ribosome affinity, has a conformation radically different from that of EF-Tu.GTP or EF-Tu in the ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	184-189
9254632-5	1997	However, its significance is uncertain because the affinity of EF-G.GDP for the ribosome is much lower than that of the ternary complex it resembles and because EF-Tu.GDP, the form of EF-Tu that has low ribosome affinity, has a conformation radically different from that of EF-Tu.GTP or EF-Tu in the ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	184-189
9254632-5	1997	However, its significance is uncertain because the affinity of EF-G.GDP for the ribosome is much lower than that of the ternary complex it resembles and because EF-Tu.GDP, the form of EF-Tu that has low ribosome affinity, has a conformation radically different from that of EF-Tu.GTP or EF-Tu in the ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	184-189
9254632-5	1997	However, its significance is uncertain because the affinity of EF-G.GDP for the ribosome is much lower than that of the ternary complex it resembles and because EF-Tu.GDP, the form of EF-Tu that has low ribosome affinity, has a conformation radically different from that of EF-Tu.GTP or EF-Tu in the ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	167-170	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	63-67
9254632-5	1997	However, its significance is uncertain because the affinity of EF-G.GDP for the ribosome is much lower than that of the ternary complex it resembles and because EF-Tu.GDP, the form of EF-Tu that has low ribosome affinity, has a conformation radically different from that of EF-Tu.GTP or EF-Tu in the ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	167-170	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	161-166
9254632-5	1997	However, its significance is uncertain because the affinity of EF-G.GDP for the ribosome is much lower than that of the ternary complex it resembles and because EF-Tu.GDP, the form of EF-Tu that has low ribosome affinity, has a conformation radically different from that of EF-Tu.GTP or EF-Tu in the ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	167-170	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	184-189
9254632-5	1997	However, its significance is uncertain because the affinity of EF-G.GDP for the ribosome is much lower than that of the ternary complex it resembles and because EF-Tu.GDP, the form of EF-Tu that has low ribosome affinity, has a conformation radically different from that of EF-Tu.GTP or EF-Tu in the ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	167-170	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	184-189
9254632-5	1997	However, its significance is uncertain because the affinity of EF-G.GDP for the ribosome is much lower than that of the ternary complex it resembles and because EF-Tu.GDP, the form of EF-Tu that has low ribosome affinity, has a conformation radically different from that of EF-Tu.GTP or EF-Tu in the ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	167-170	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	184-189
9254632-6	1997	The small-angle X-ray scattering study described here was undertaken to ascertain if the form of EF-G that has high ribosome affinity, EF-G.GTP, the structure of which is unknown, could be a mimic of EF-Tu.GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	206-209	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	97-101
9254632-6	1997	The small-angle X-ray scattering study described here was undertaken to ascertain if the form of EF-G that has high ribosome affinity, EF-G.GTP, the structure of which is unknown, could be a mimic of EF-Tu.GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	206-209	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	200-205
9254632-7	1997	The data show that nucleotide-free EF-G, EF-G.GDP, EF-G.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	41-45
9254632-7	1997	The data show that nucleotide-free EF-G, EF-G.GDP, EF-G.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	41-45
9254632-8	1997	GTP, and EF-G.GMPPCP cannot be distinguished by solution scattering and that it is likely they all resemble crystalline EF-G.GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	120-124
9309221-3	1997	The coordination of the p21 residue Thr35 to Mg2+ in its active site, which has been observed in the crystal structure of p21 in complex with a GTP-analog GMPPNP but not with GDP, has been proposed to drive the conformational change accompanying nucleotide substitution and may have a role in the GTP hydrolysis reaction itself.	Guanosine Diphosphate	175-178	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	24-27
9238070-10	1997	We also showed that mutation of the lysine residue in the Walker A motif of either the first (K719A) or second (K1384M) nucleotide-binding domain of SUR1 abolished both the potentiatory effects of GTP and GDP on K-ATP currents and their ability to support stimulation by diazoxide.	Guanosine Diphosphate	205-208	ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 8	Homo sapiens	149-153
9266971-4	1997	Like the corresponding fragment from CDC25Mm, the increase in the GDP dissociation rate is linear with increasing concentration of Rap1A x GDP up to 100 microM, indicating an apparent K(M) higher than 100 microM.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	131-136
9266971-4	1997	Like the corresponding fragment from CDC25Mm, the increase in the GDP dissociation rate is linear with increasing concentration of Rap1A x GDP up to 100 microM, indicating an apparent K(M) higher than 100 microM.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-142	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	131-136
9219684-1	1997	The three-dimensional structure of the complex between human H-Ras bound to guanosine diphosphate and the guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase)-activating domain of the human GTPase-activating protein p120GAP (GAP-334) in the presence of aluminum fluoride was solved at a resolution of 2.5 angstroms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-97	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	61-66
9271366-7	1997	GDP was also able to raise membrane potential and H2O2 production of the mitochondria from nonparenchymal cells expressing UCP2, but was completely ineffective on mitochondria from hepatocytes deprived of UCP2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	123-127
9271366-7	1997	GDP was also able to raise membrane potential and H2O2 production of the mitochondria from nonparenchymal cells expressing UCP2, but was completely ineffective on mitochondria from hepatocytes deprived of UCP2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	205-209
9271366-8	1997	The GDP effect was also observed with mitochondrial fractions of the spleen or thymus, which highly expressed UCP2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	110-114
9271366-9	1997	Altogether, these results strongly suggest that UCP2 is sensitive to GDP and that the UCPs, particularly UCP2, are able to modulate H2O2 mitochondrial generation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	48-52
9303294-2	1997	To determine the mechanism underlying this change in distribution, we established an in vitro assay that reconstituted specific binding of rab4 when endosome-containing membranes were incubated with rab4 complexed with its cytosolic chaperone, GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI).	Guanosine Diphosphate	244-247	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	139-143
9303294-2	1997	To determine the mechanism underlying this change in distribution, we established an in vitro assay that reconstituted specific binding of rab4 when endosome-containing membranes were incubated with rab4 complexed with its cytosolic chaperone, GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI).	Guanosine Diphosphate	244-247	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	199-203
9271366-4	1997	Preincubation of BAT mitochondrial fractions with GDP, an inhibitor of UCP1, induced a rise in mitochondrial membrane potential (assessed by rhodamine 123 uptake) and H2O2 production.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	71-75
9310869-3	1997	8-N3GDP can be converted to N3-ppGpp with crude Rel A, which phosphorylates the 3"-OH of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	48-53
9218467-8	1997	In vitro the protein has the ability to stimulate the dissociation rate of both GDP and GTP from Sec4p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	97-102
9219684-1	1997	The three-dimensional structure of the complex between human H-Ras bound to guanosine diphosphate and the guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase)-activating domain of the human GTPase-activating protein p120GAP (GAP-334) in the presence of aluminum fluoride was solved at a resolution of 2.5 angstroms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-97	RAS p21 protein activator 1	Homo sapiens	197-204
9223188-0	1997	Calculation of pathways for the conformational transition between the GTP- and GDP-bound states of the Ha-ras-p21 protein: calculations with explicit solvent simulations and comparison with calculations in vacuum.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
9242378-0	1997	Association of the Rho family small GTP-binding proteins with Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (Rho GDI) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	94-101
9242378-2	1997	Rho GDI is a general regulator which forms a complex with the GDP-bound inactive form of the Rho family members and inhibits their activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	0-7
9242378-7	1997	This immunoprecipitated Rho1p was mainly bound to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	24-29
9223188-1	1997	The transitions between the water-equilibrated structures of the GTP and GDP forms of Ha-ras-p21 have been calculated by using the targeted molecular dynamics (TMD) method (Schlitter et al., Mol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
9184089-1	1997	Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) plays an important role in regulating the GDP/GTP cycle of small GTP binding proteins of the Rab family.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
9199166-4	1997	Sec2p functions as an exchange protein, catalyzing the dissociation of GDP from Sec4 and promoting the binding of GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	guanine nucleotide exchange factor SEC2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-5
9187273-3	1997	Somatostatin-14-induced [35S]GTPgammaS binding to membranes from this cell line was decreased in a concentration-related manner by increasing concentrations of GDP and sodium chloride.	Guanosine Diphosphate	160-163	somatostatin	Homo sapiens	0-15
9199166-4	1997	Sec2p functions as an exchange protein, catalyzing the dissociation of GDP from Sec4 and promoting the binding of GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	80-84
9199174-5	1997	Furthermore, we have identified a 116-kD protein, p116(Rip), that interacts with both the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of RhoA in N1E-115 cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	regulation of phenobarbitol-inducible P450	Mus musculus	55-58
9199174-5	1997	Furthermore, we have identified a 116-kD protein, p116(Rip), that interacts with both the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of RhoA in N1E-115 cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	ras homolog family member A	Mus musculus	118-122
9201707-5	1997	The pore complex-binding domain overlaps the Ran-GTP- and Ran-GDP-binding domains on p97, but only Ran-GTP competes for docking in permeabilized cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	58-61
9201707-5	1997	The pore complex-binding domain overlaps the Ran-GTP- and Ran-GDP-binding domains on p97, but only Ran-GTP competes for docking in permeabilized cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	melanotransferrin	Homo sapiens	85-88
9201707-5	1997	The pore complex-binding domain overlaps the Ran-GTP- and Ran-GDP-binding domains on p97, but only Ran-GTP competes for docking in permeabilized cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	58-61
9109679-1	1997	GDP/GTP exchange modulates the interaction of the small G-protein ADP-ribosylation factor-1 with membrane lipids: if ARF(GDP) is mostly soluble, ARF(GTP) binds tightly to lipid vesicles.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	66-91
9159128-1	1997	Hormonal signals activate trimeric G proteins by promoting exchange of GTP for GDP bound to the G protein"s alpha subunit (Galpha).	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	123-129
9159128-7	1997	Although GDP release is usually the rate-limiting step in nucleotide exchange, the biochemical phenotype of this mutant alphas indicates that efficient G protein activation by receptors and other stimuli depends on the ability of Galpha to clasp tightly the GTP molecule that enters the binding site.	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	230-236
9115241-3	1997	The interaction is influenced by the guanine nucleotide binding state of Rad with the GDP-bound form exhibiting 5-fold better binding to CaM than the GTP-bound protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	Ras-related associated with diabetes	Mus musculus	73-76
9115241-3	1997	The interaction is influenced by the guanine nucleotide binding state of Rad with the GDP-bound form exhibiting 5-fold better binding to CaM than the GTP-bound protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	calmodulin 2	Mus musculus	137-140
9115241-4	1997	In addition, the dominant negative mutant of Rad (S105N) which binds GDP, but not GTP, exhibits enhanced binding to CaM in vivo when expressed in C2C12 cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	Ras-related associated with diabetes	Mus musculus	45-48
9115241-4	1997	In addition, the dominant negative mutant of Rad (S105N) which binds GDP, but not GTP, exhibits enhanced binding to CaM in vivo when expressed in C2C12 cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	calmodulin 2	Mus musculus	116-119
9099691-0	1997	Characterization of Ral GDP dissociation stimulator-like (RGL) activities to regulate c-fos promoter and the GDP/GTP exchange of Ral.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator,-like 1	Mus musculus	58-61
9099691-0	1997	Characterization of Ral GDP dissociation stimulator-like (RGL) activities to regulate c-fos promoter and the GDP/GTP exchange of Ral.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	86-91
9099691-0	1997	Characterization of Ral GDP dissociation stimulator-like (RGL) activities to regulate c-fos promoter and the GDP/GTP exchange of Ral.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene A (ras related)	Mus musculus	20-23
9099691-2	1997	RGL shares 50% amino acid identity with Ral GDP dissociation stimulator and contains the CDC25-like domain in the central region and the Ras-interacting domain in the C-terminal region.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator,-like 1	Mus musculus	0-3
9099691-2	1997	RGL shares 50% amino acid identity with Ral GDP dissociation stimulator and contains the CDC25-like domain in the central region and the Ras-interacting domain in the C-terminal region.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene A (ras related)	Mus musculus	40-43
9099691-7	1997	RGL stimulated the GDP/GTP exchange of Ral and this action was enhanced by the post-translational modification of Ral.	Guanosine Diphosphate	19-22	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator,-like 1	Mus musculus	0-3
9099691-7	1997	RGL stimulated the GDP/GTP exchange of Ral and this action was enhanced by the post-translational modification of Ral.	Guanosine Diphosphate	19-22	v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene A (ras related)	Mus musculus	39-42
9099691-9	1997	Furthermore, this action of RGL to stimulate the GDP/GTP exchange of Ral was dependent on Ras in COS cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator,-like 1	Mus musculus	28-31
9099691-9	1997	Furthermore, this action of RGL to stimulate the GDP/GTP exchange of Ral was dependent on Ras in COS cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene A (ras related)	Mus musculus	69-72
9099691-10	1997	These results suggest that RGL constitutes another Ras-signaling pathway which is distinct from the Raf pathway and indicate that the RGL pathway regulates the c-fos promoter activity and the GDP/GTP exchange of Ral.	Guanosine Diphosphate	192-195	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator,-like 1	Mus musculus	134-137
9099691-10	1997	These results suggest that RGL constitutes another Ras-signaling pathway which is distinct from the Raf pathway and indicate that the RGL pathway regulates the c-fos promoter activity and the GDP/GTP exchange of Ral.	Guanosine Diphosphate	192-195	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	160-165
9099691-10	1997	These results suggest that RGL constitutes another Ras-signaling pathway which is distinct from the Raf pathway and indicate that the RGL pathway regulates the c-fos promoter activity and the GDP/GTP exchange of Ral.	Guanosine Diphosphate	192-195	v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene A (ras related)	Mus musculus	212-215
9139723-3	1997	P-CIP10 is a 217-kDa cytosolic protein with nine spectrin-like repeats and adjacent Dbl homology and pleckstrin homology domains typical of GDP/GTP exchange factors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	kalirin, RhoGEF kinase	Rattus norvegicus	0-7
9112760-0	1997	Inhibition of the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of ras p21 by aluminum ion.	Guanosine Diphosphate	18-21	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
9112760-5	1997	Further dissection of the ras p21 cycle revealed that Mg(2+)-dependent GDP/GTP exchange was the Al(3+)-sensitive step.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
9114010-7	1997	Karyopherin beta3 contains two putative Ran-binding homology regions and bound to Ran-GTP in a solution-binding assay with much higher affinity than to Ran-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	importin 5	Homo sapiens	0-17
9114012-5	1997	Herein we demonstrate that Bud1 directly interacts with Cdc24 and Bem1: Bud1 in its GTP-bound form associates preferentially with Cdc24, whereas the GDP-bound form of Bud1 associates with Bem1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	149-152	Ras family GTPase RSR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	27-31
9114012-5	1997	Herein we demonstrate that Bud1 directly interacts with Cdc24 and Bem1: Bud1 in its GTP-bound form associates preferentially with Cdc24, whereas the GDP-bound form of Bud1 associates with Bem1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	149-152	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC24	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	56-61
9114012-5	1997	Herein we demonstrate that Bud1 directly interacts with Cdc24 and Bem1: Bud1 in its GTP-bound form associates preferentially with Cdc24, whereas the GDP-bound form of Bud1 associates with Bem1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	149-152	phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate-binding protein BEM1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	66-70
9114012-5	1997	Herein we demonstrate that Bud1 directly interacts with Cdc24 and Bem1: Bud1 in its GTP-bound form associates preferentially with Cdc24, whereas the GDP-bound form of Bud1 associates with Bem1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	149-152	Ras family GTPase RSR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	72-76
9114012-5	1997	Herein we demonstrate that Bud1 directly interacts with Cdc24 and Bem1: Bud1 in its GTP-bound form associates preferentially with Cdc24, whereas the GDP-bound form of Bud1 associates with Bem1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	149-152	Ras family GTPase RSR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	72-76
9114012-5	1997	Herein we demonstrate that Bud1 directly interacts with Cdc24 and Bem1: Bud1 in its GTP-bound form associates preferentially with Cdc24, whereas the GDP-bound form of Bud1 associates with Bem1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	149-152	phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate-binding protein BEM1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	188-192
9108480-2	1997	We report here the 2.8 A resolution crystal structure of the RGS protein RGS4 complexed with G(i alpha1)-Mg2+-GDP-AlF4 .	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	61-64
9108480-2	1997	We report here the 2.8 A resolution crystal structure of the RGS protein RGS4 complexed with G(i alpha1)-Mg2+-GDP-AlF4 .	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	regulator of G protein signaling 4	Homo sapiens	73-77
9109679-0	1997	N-terminal hydrophobic residues of the G-protein ADP-ribosylation factor-1 insert into membrane phospholipids upon GDP to GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	49-74
9109679-1	1997	GDP/GTP exchange modulates the interaction of the small G-protein ADP-ribosylation factor-1 with membrane lipids: if ARF(GDP) is mostly soluble, ARF(GTP) binds tightly to lipid vesicles.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	66-91
9069252-2	1997	The first biochemical studies of RGS proteins have shown that they accelerate the GTPase activities of G-protein alpha subunits, thus driving G proteins into their inactive GDP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	173-176	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	33-36
9307064-1	1997	Ly-GDI (lymphoid-specific guanosine diphosphate (GDP) dissociation inhibitor), also called D4-GDI, is preferentially expressed in hematopoietic tissues including bone marrow, thymus, spleen and lymph nodes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-47	Rho, GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) beta	Mus musculus	0-6
9121474-2	1997	We employed the two-hybrid method to identify proteins interacting with Ran and the Ran GTP/GDP exchange factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	72-75
9121474-2	1997	We employed the two-hybrid method to identify proteins interacting with Ran and the Ran GTP/GDP exchange factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	84-87
9121474-3	1997	Using PRP20, encoding the Ran GTP/GDP exchange factor, we identified YRB1, previously identified as a protein able to interact with human Ran GTP/GDP exchange factor RCC1 in the two-hybrid system.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	Ran guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	6-11
9121474-3	1997	Using PRP20, encoding the Ran GTP/GDP exchange factor, we identified YRB1, previously identified as a protein able to interact with human Ran GTP/GDP exchange factor RCC1 in the two-hybrid system.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	26-29
9194162-0	1997	Comparison of ras-p21 bound to GDP and GTP: differences in protein and ligand dynamics.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
9194162-2	1997	Essential dynamics analysis of 300 ps of full solvent molecular dynamics simulations revealed differences in structure and dynamics between GDP- and GTP-bound forms of H-ras-p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	174-177
9121474-3	1997	Using PRP20, encoding the Ran GTP/GDP exchange factor, we identified YRB1, previously identified as a protein able to interact with human Ran GTP/GDP exchange factor RCC1 in the two-hybrid system.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	Ran GTPase-binding protein YRB1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	69-73
9121474-3	1997	Using PRP20, encoding the Ran GTP/GDP exchange factor, we identified YRB1, previously identified as a protein able to interact with human Ran GTP/GDP exchange factor RCC1 in the two-hybrid system.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	138-141
9121474-3	1997	Using PRP20, encoding the Ran GTP/GDP exchange factor, we identified YRB1, previously identified as a protein able to interact with human Ran GTP/GDP exchange factor RCC1 in the two-hybrid system.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	166-170
9121474-3	1997	Using PRP20, encoding the Ran GTP/GDP exchange factor, we identified YRB1, previously identified as a protein able to interact with human Ran GTP/GDP exchange factor RCC1 in the two-hybrid system.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	Ran guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	6-11
9121474-3	1997	Using PRP20, encoding the Ran GTP/GDP exchange factor, we identified YRB1, previously identified as a protein able to interact with human Ran GTP/GDP exchange factor RCC1 in the two-hybrid system.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	26-29
9121474-3	1997	Using PRP20, encoding the Ran GTP/GDP exchange factor, we identified YRB1, previously identified as a protein able to interact with human Ran GTP/GDP exchange factor RCC1 in the two-hybrid system.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	Ran GTPase-binding protein YRB1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	69-73
9121474-3	1997	Using PRP20, encoding the Ran GTP/GDP exchange factor, we identified YRB1, previously identified as a protein able to interact with human Ran GTP/GDP exchange factor RCC1 in the two-hybrid system.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	138-141
9121474-3	1997	Using PRP20, encoding the Ran GTP/GDP exchange factor, we identified YRB1, previously identified as a protein able to interact with human Ran GTP/GDP exchange factor RCC1 in the two-hybrid system.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	166-170
9194162-4	1997	Differences in dynamics between H-ras-p21 GDP and H-ras-p21 GTP may be related to interactions of ras with GAP and its receptor and effector.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	38-41
9132016-4	1997	Recently, a novel mechanism of Ras activation has been proposed, whereby nitric oxide (NO) modification of Cys-118, like GEF interaction, populates Ras in its biologically active form by stimulating GDP release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	199-202	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	121-124
9307064-1	1997	Ly-GDI (lymphoid-specific guanosine diphosphate (GDP) dissociation inhibitor), also called D4-GDI, is preferentially expressed in hematopoietic tissues including bone marrow, thymus, spleen and lymph nodes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	Rho, GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) beta	Mus musculus	0-6
9050849-8	1997	Cytohesin-1 enhanced binding of 35S-labeled guanosine 5"-[gamma-thio]triphosphate [35S]GTP[gammaS] or [3H]GDP to ARF purified from bovine brain (i.e., it appeared to function as an ARF-GEP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	cytohesin 1	Bos taurus	0-11
9045717-3	1997	Ran-GTP alone binds p97, but Ran-GDP binds p97 only in conjunction with RanBP1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-36	melanotransferrin	Homo sapiens	43-46
9045717-3	1997	Ran-GTP alone binds p97, but Ran-GDP binds p97 only in conjunction with RanBP1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-36	RAN binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	72-78
9178890-7	1997	Biochemical experiments indicate that Rgr has GTP/GDP exchange activity for Ral, providing evidence that this pathway is associated with tumorigenesis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	RPE-retinal G protein-coupled receptor	Oryctolagus cuniculus	38-41
9050849-9	1997	Addition of cytohesin-1 to ARF3 with [35S]GTP[gammaS] bound, accelerated [35S]GTP[gammaS] release to a similar degree in the presence of unlabeled GDP or GTP[gammaS] and to a lesser degree with GDP[betaS]; release was negligible without added nucleotide.	Guanosine Diphosphate	147-150	cytohesin 1	Bos taurus	12-23
9050864-2	1997	We have studied at both morphological and biochemical levels the behavior of Golgi resident proteins in HeLa cells overexpressing wild-type rab6 and GTP- and GDP-bound mutants of rab6 (rab6 Q72L and rab6 T27N, respectively).	Guanosine Diphosphate	158-161	RAB6A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	179-183
9050864-2	1997	We have studied at both morphological and biochemical levels the behavior of Golgi resident proteins in HeLa cells overexpressing wild-type rab6 and GTP- and GDP-bound mutants of rab6 (rab6 Q72L and rab6 T27N, respectively).	Guanosine Diphosphate	158-161	RAB6A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	179-183
9050849-9	1997	Addition of cytohesin-1 to ARF3 with [35S]GTP[gammaS] bound, accelerated [35S]GTP[gammaS] release to a similar degree in the presence of unlabeled GDP or GTP[gammaS] and to a lesser degree with GDP[betaS]; release was negligible without added nucleotide.	Guanosine Diphosphate	194-197	cytohesin 1	Bos taurus	12-23
9050864-2	1997	We have studied at both morphological and biochemical levels the behavior of Golgi resident proteins in HeLa cells overexpressing wild-type rab6 and GTP- and GDP-bound mutants of rab6 (rab6 Q72L and rab6 T27N, respectively).	Guanosine Diphosphate	158-161	RAB6A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	179-183
9050849-9	1997	Addition of cytohesin-1 to ARF3 with [35S]GTP[gammaS] bound, accelerated [35S]GTP[gammaS] release to a similar degree in the presence of unlabeled GDP or GTP[gammaS] and to a lesser degree with GDP[betaS]; release was negligible without added nucleotide.	Guanosine Diphosphate	194-197	Arf family GTPase ARF3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	27-31
9054576-5	1997	Here, an extensive survey is done of farnesylcysteine analogs and other lipid molecules, which are tested for their ability to inhibit GTP/GDP exchange in transducin catalyzed by photolyzed rhodopsin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-142	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	190-199
9050909-0	1997	The MUR1 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana encodes an isoform of GDP-D-mannose-4,6-dehydratase, catalyzing the first step in the de novo synthesis of GDP-L-fucose.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	NAD(P)-binding Rossmann-fold superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	4-8
9091322-3	1997	Of particular interest are the Rab guanosine nucleotide diphosphate dissociation inhibitor proteins (Rab-GDI) which bind to prenylated Rab GTPases, slow the rate of GDP dissociation and escort GDP bound Rab proteins to their target membranes and retrieve them after completion of their catalytic cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	C2H2 and C2HC zinc fingers superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	101-104
9032266-2	1997	Here we report the isolation of mouse cDNAs encoding Ras-GRF2, a multidomain 135-kDa protein containing a COOH-terminal Cdc25-related domain that stimulates release of GDP from Ras but not other GTPases in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	168-171	RAS protein-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 2	Mus musculus	53-61
9091322-0	1997	At-GDI1 from Arabidopsis thaliana encodes a rab-specific GDP dissociation inhibitor that complements the sec19 mutation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	guanosine nucleotide diphosphate dissociation inhibitor 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	3-7
9091322-0	1997	At-GDI1 from Arabidopsis thaliana encodes a rab-specific GDP dissociation inhibitor that complements the sec19 mutation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	C2H2 and C2HC zinc fingers superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	14-17
9073073-3	1997	Rho/RacGEFs catalyze the dissociation of GDP from the Rho/Rac subfamily of Ras-like GTPases, thus activating the target Rho/Rac (Takai et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	Rac1	Drosophila melanogaster	4-7
9073073-3	1997	Rho/RacGEFs catalyze the dissociation of GDP from the Rho/Rac subfamily of Ras-like GTPases, thus activating the target Rho/Rac (Takai et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	Rac1	Drosophila melanogaster	58-61
9091322-3	1997	Of particular interest are the Rab guanosine nucleotide diphosphate dissociation inhibitor proteins (Rab-GDI) which bind to prenylated Rab GTPases, slow the rate of GDP dissociation and escort GDP bound Rab proteins to their target membranes and retrieve them after completion of their catalytic cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	193-196	C2H2 and C2HC zinc fingers superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	31-34
9091322-3	1997	Of particular interest are the Rab guanosine nucleotide diphosphate dissociation inhibitor proteins (Rab-GDI) which bind to prenylated Rab GTPases, slow the rate of GDP dissociation and escort GDP bound Rab proteins to their target membranes and retrieve them after completion of their catalytic cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	193-196	C2H2 and C2HC zinc fingers superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	101-104
9091322-3	1997	Of particular interest are the Rab guanosine nucleotide diphosphate dissociation inhibitor proteins (Rab-GDI) which bind to prenylated Rab GTPases, slow the rate of GDP dissociation and escort GDP bound Rab proteins to their target membranes and retrieve them after completion of their catalytic cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	193-196	C2H2 and C2HC zinc fingers superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	101-104
9091322-3	1997	Of particular interest are the Rab guanosine nucleotide diphosphate dissociation inhibitor proteins (Rab-GDI) which bind to prenylated Rab GTPases, slow the rate of GDP dissociation and escort GDP bound Rab proteins to their target membranes and retrieve them after completion of their catalytic cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	193-196	C2H2 and C2HC zinc fingers superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	101-104
9091322-4	1997	We have cloned from Arabidopsis thaliana a cDNA coding for the Rab guanosine diphosphate dissociation inhibitor (AtGDI1) by functional complementation of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae sec19-1 mutant.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-88	C2H2 and C2HC zinc fingers superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	63-66
9091322-4	1997	We have cloned from Arabidopsis thaliana a cDNA coding for the Rab guanosine diphosphate dissociation inhibitor (AtGDI1) by functional complementation of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae sec19-1 mutant.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-88	guanosine nucleotide diphosphate dissociation inhibitor 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	113-119
9091322-4	1997	We have cloned from Arabidopsis thaliana a cDNA coding for the Rab guanosine diphosphate dissociation inhibitor (AtGDI1) by functional complementation of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae sec19-1 mutant.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-88	Gdi1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	183-188
9091322-0	1997	At-GDI1 from Arabidopsis thaliana encodes a rab-specific GDP dissociation inhibitor that complements the sec19 mutation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	Gdi1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	105-110
9091322-3	1997	Of particular interest are the Rab guanosine nucleotide diphosphate dissociation inhibitor proteins (Rab-GDI) which bind to prenylated Rab GTPases, slow the rate of GDP dissociation and escort GDP bound Rab proteins to their target membranes and retrieve them after completion of their catalytic cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	C2H2 and C2HC zinc fingers superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	31-34
9091322-3	1997	Of particular interest are the Rab guanosine nucleotide diphosphate dissociation inhibitor proteins (Rab-GDI) which bind to prenylated Rab GTPases, slow the rate of GDP dissociation and escort GDP bound Rab proteins to their target membranes and retrieve them after completion of their catalytic cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	C2H2 and C2HC zinc fingers superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	101-104
9091322-3	1997	Of particular interest are the Rab guanosine nucleotide diphosphate dissociation inhibitor proteins (Rab-GDI) which bind to prenylated Rab GTPases, slow the rate of GDP dissociation and escort GDP bound Rab proteins to their target membranes and retrieve them after completion of their catalytic cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	C2H2 and C2HC zinc fingers superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	101-104
9061785-1	1997	The GTP/GDP conformational switch of members of the rab family of ras-related GTP-ases control specific intracellular vesicle transport pathways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	8-11	RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	52-55
9038344-2	1997	Overexpression of RHO1 or RHO2, encoding Rho-like GTPases, or ROM2, encoding a GDP/GTP exchange factor for RHO1 and RHO2, suppresses a tor2 mutation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	18-22
9038344-2	1997	Overexpression of RHO1 or RHO2, encoding Rho-like GTPases, or ROM2, encoding a GDP/GTP exchange factor for RHO1 and RHO2, suppresses a tor2 mutation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	Rho family GTPase RHO2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	26-30
9038344-2	1997	Overexpression of RHO1 or RHO2, encoding Rho-like GTPases, or ROM2, encoding a GDP/GTP exchange factor for RHO1 and RHO2, suppresses a tor2 mutation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor ROM2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	62-66
9038344-2	1997	Overexpression of RHO1 or RHO2, encoding Rho-like GTPases, or ROM2, encoding a GDP/GTP exchange factor for RHO1 and RHO2, suppresses a tor2 mutation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	107-111
9038344-2	1997	Overexpression of RHO1 or RHO2, encoding Rho-like GTPases, or ROM2, encoding a GDP/GTP exchange factor for RHO1 and RHO2, suppresses a tor2 mutation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	Rho family GTPase RHO2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	116-120
9038344-2	1997	Overexpression of RHO1 or RHO2, encoding Rho-like GTPases, or ROM2, encoding a GDP/GTP exchange factor for RHO1 and RHO2, suppresses a tor2 mutation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	phosphatidylinositol kinase-related protein kinase TOR2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	135-139
9020086-2	1997	They cycle between the GDP-bound inactive and GTP-bound active forms, and the former is converted to the latter by the action of a GDP/GTP exchange protein (GEP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	131-155
9034329-3	1997	Rab delivery to cellular membranes involves release of GDI, and the membrane-associated Rab protein then exchanges its bound GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-3
9061785-0	1997	Rab7: crystallization of intact and C-terminal truncated constructs complexed with GDP and GppNHp.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-4
9061785-2	1997	We report the crystallization of the late-endosomal rab protein rab7, in both GTP and GDP conformations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	64-68
9012801-4	1997	We have discovered an additional and possibly auxiliary NDK-like activity in the capacity of polyphosphate kinase (PPK) to use inorganic polyphosphate as the donor in place of ATP, thereby converting GDP and other NDPs to NTPs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	200-203	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	56-59
8999956-14	1997	A 20-residue peptide encoding the predicted G protein binding region of Cavce possesses "GDP dissociation inhibitor-like activity" with the same potency as described earlier for mammalian caveolin-1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	188-198
8999801-3	1997	The still life (sif) gene encodes a protein homologous to guanine nucleotide exchange factors, which convert Rho-like guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) from a guanosine diphosphate-bound inactive state to a guanosine triphosphate-bound active state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	161-182	still life	Drosophila melanogaster	4-14
8999801-3	1997	The still life (sif) gene encodes a protein homologous to guanine nucleotide exchange factors, which convert Rho-like guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) from a guanosine diphosphate-bound inactive state to a guanosine triphosphate-bound active state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	161-182	still life	Drosophila melanogaster	16-19
9030774-7	1997	Remarkably, both Ss(GM)EF-1alpha and Ss(G)EF-1alpha were able to exchange [3H]GDP for GTP at a very high rate so that they were no more sensitive to the stimulatory effect of SsEF-1beta, which is the nucleotide exchange factor of SsEF-1alpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	23-32
8995394-14	1997	ATX also catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP and GMP, of either AMP or PPi to Pi, and the hydrolysis of NAD to AMP, and each of these substrates can serve as a phosphate donor in the phosphorylation of ATX.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
9381982-6	1997	Rac in the GDP bound form can associate with the PtdIns-4-P 5-kinase and also interact with an exchange factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	11-14	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
9381982-6	1997	Rac in the GDP bound form can associate with the PtdIns-4-P 5-kinase and also interact with an exchange factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	11-14	phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate 4-kinase type 2 beta	Homo sapiens	49-68
8990121-0	1997	Phosphotyrosine-dependent activation of Rac-1 GDP/GTP exchange by the vav proto-oncogene product.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	40-45
8990121-0	1997	Phosphotyrosine-dependent activation of Rac-1 GDP/GTP exchange by the vav proto-oncogene product.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	70-73
9030774-7	1997	Remarkably, both Ss(GM)EF-1alpha and Ss(G)EF-1alpha were able to exchange [3H]GDP for GTP at a very high rate so that they were no more sensitive to the stimulatory effect of SsEF-1beta, which is the nucleotide exchange factor of SsEF-1alpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	42-51
8990121-8	1997	Here we show that tyrosine-phosphorylated Vav, but not the non-phosphorylated protein, catalyses GDP/GTP exchange on Rac-1, a protein implicated in cell proliferation and cytoskeletal organization, causing this GTPase to switch from its inactive to its active state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	42-45
8990121-8	1997	Here we show that tyrosine-phosphorylated Vav, but not the non-phosphorylated protein, catalyses GDP/GTP exchange on Rac-1, a protein implicated in cell proliferation and cytoskeletal organization, causing this GTPase to switch from its inactive to its active state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	117-122
9255347-4	1997	Proteins that can stimulate the GTPase activity of Ras (GAPs) ensure that following mitogenic stimulations, they return to their inactive GDP-bound state; amongst these proteins are p120-GAP, neurofibomin (the product of the susceptibility gene to type I neurofibromatosis), as well as the inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate-dependent GAPIP4BF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	RAS p21 protein activator 1	Homo sapiens	182-190
8969170-2	1996	Activation of these GTPases involves the replacement of bound GDP with GTP, a process catalyzed by the Dbl-like guanine-nucleotide exchange factors, all of which seem to share a putative catalytic motif termed the Dbl homology (DH) domain, followed by a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	mcf.2 transforming sequence	Mus musculus	103-106
8955154-8	1996	Significantly, incubation of cell lysates with guanosine 5"-O-(thiotriphosphate) was sufficient to translocate RhoA, Rac1, and CDC42Hs from the cytosol to the membranes, whereas incubation with GDP had the opposite effect.	Guanosine Diphosphate	194-197	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	111-115
9003787-6	1996	We further provide evidence that nuclear protein import requires Ran in the GDP form in the cytoplasm.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	65-68
9218959-3	1997	Structural studies of the complete functional cycle of EF-Tu reveal that it undergoes rather spectacular conformational changes when activated from the EF-Tu.GDP form to the EF-Tu.GTP form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	158-161	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	55-60
9218959-3	1997	Structural studies of the complete functional cycle of EF-Tu reveal that it undergoes rather spectacular conformational changes when activated from the EF-Tu.GDP form to the EF-Tu.GTP form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	158-161	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	152-157
9218959-3	1997	Structural studies of the complete functional cycle of EF-Tu reveal that it undergoes rather spectacular conformational changes when activated from the EF-Tu.GDP form to the EF-Tu.GTP form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	158-161	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	152-157
8988019-6	1996	The transport inhibitors (GTP, GDP, ATP, and ADP) also inhibit this channel in a reversible way, showing that the channel activity is associated with UCP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	150-153
8969170-2	1996	Activation of these GTPases involves the replacement of bound GDP with GTP, a process catalyzed by the Dbl-like guanine-nucleotide exchange factors, all of which seem to share a putative catalytic motif termed the Dbl homology (DH) domain, followed by a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	mcf.2 transforming sequence	Mus musculus	214-217
8922366-6	1996	Concomitantly, IL-1beta significantly decreased islet ATP (-45%), GTP (-33%), ATP/ADP (-54%), and GTP/GDP (-46%).	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	15-23
8978815-2	1996	A key regulator of the Ran GTP/GDP cycle is the 70-kD Ran-GTPase-activating protein RanGAP1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	23-26
8978815-2	1996	A key regulator of the Ran GTP/GDP cycle is the 70-kD Ran-GTPase-activating protein RanGAP1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	54-57
8978815-2	1996	A key regulator of the Ran GTP/GDP cycle is the 70-kD Ran-GTPase-activating protein RanGAP1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	Ran GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	84-91
8922366-12	1996	Thus, in rat islets, IL-1beta (via the generation of NO) abolishes insulin exocytosis in association with large decreases in the ATP/ADP (and GTP/GDP) ratio, implying the impairment of mitochondrial function.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	21-29
8939998-5	1996	Using the yeast two-hybrid system to characterize proteins interacting with RhoB, we identified a new mouse Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor, referenced as RhoGDI-3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	ras homolog family member B	Homo sapiens	76-80
8939998-5	1996	Using the yeast two-hybrid system to characterize proteins interacting with RhoB, we identified a new mouse Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor, referenced as RhoGDI-3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) gamma	Mus musculus	154-162
8939998-8	1996	In the two-hybrid system, RhoGDI-3 interacts specifically with GDP- and GTP-bound forms of post-translationally processed RhoB and RhoG proteins, both of which show a growth-regulated expression in mammalian cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor gamma	Homo sapiens	26-34
8939998-8	1996	In the two-hybrid system, RhoGDI-3 interacts specifically with GDP- and GTP-bound forms of post-translationally processed RhoB and RhoG proteins, both of which show a growth-regulated expression in mammalian cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	ras homolog family member B	Homo sapiens	122-126
8939998-8	1996	In the two-hybrid system, RhoGDI-3 interacts specifically with GDP- and GTP-bound forms of post-translationally processed RhoB and RhoG proteins, both of which show a growth-regulated expression in mammalian cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	ras homolog family member G	Homo sapiens	26-30
8939998-10	1996	We show that GDI-3 is able to inhibit GDP/GTP exchange of RhoB and to release GDP-bound but not GTP-bound RhoB from cell membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	ras homolog family member B	Homo sapiens	58-62
8939752-0	1996	Structure of the GDP-Pi complex of Gly203-->Ala gialpha1: a mimic of the ternary product complex of galpha-catalyzed GTP hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	17-20	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	103-109
8950985-3	1996	The dependence on the switch I and II regions of Rasp21 (encompassing the residues that shift position in the GTP- versus GDP-bound protein), which had been seen with Sdc25-mediated exchange, was also found for GRF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	growth hormone releasing hormone	Homo sapiens	211-214
8950985-5	1996	Substrate activity of Ras proteins were independent of their post-translational processing, GDP release was stimulated threefold more effectively by GRF than was GTP release, and no major differences were found between the mammalian N-, H- and K-Ras proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	growth hormone releasing hormone	Homo sapiens	149-152
8906854-3	1996	A decreased TCR-mediated activity of the GTP-GDP binding p21(ras) proto-oncogene is associated with prediabetes in NOD mice.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	57-60
8922375-6	1996	Subsequent movement of ER-derived carriers to the Golgi stack was blocked by a trans-dominant ARF1 mutant restricted to the GDP-bound state, which is known to prevent COPI recruitment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	94-98
8918934-0	1996	Separate binding sites on nuclear transport factor 2 (NTF2) for GDP-Ran and the phenylalanine-rich repeat regions of nucleoporins p62 and Nsp1p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	nuclear transport factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	26-52
8918934-0	1996	Separate binding sites on nuclear transport factor 2 (NTF2) for GDP-Ran and the phenylalanine-rich repeat regions of nucleoporins p62 and Nsp1p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	nuclear transport factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	54-58
8918934-0	1996	Separate binding sites on nuclear transport factor 2 (NTF2) for GDP-Ran and the phenylalanine-rich repeat regions of nucleoporins p62 and Nsp1p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	68-71
8918934-0	1996	Separate binding sites on nuclear transport factor 2 (NTF2) for GDP-Ran and the phenylalanine-rich repeat regions of nucleoporins p62 and Nsp1p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	KH RNA binding domain containing, signal transduction associated 1	Rattus norvegicus	130-133
8909533-7	1996	In solution binding assays, Ran-GTP bound p97 with high affinity, but the binding of Ran-GDP to p97 was undetectable.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	85-88
8909533-7	1996	In solution binding assays, Ran-GTP bound p97 with high affinity, but the binding of Ran-GDP to p97 was undetectable.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	melanotransferrin	Homo sapiens	96-99
8909533-8	1996	The addition of RanBP1 with Ran-GDP or Ran-GTP increased the affinity of both forms of Ran for p97 to the same level.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	RAN binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	16-22
8909533-8	1996	The addition of RanBP1 with Ran-GDP or Ran-GTP increased the affinity of both forms of Ran for p97 to the same level.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	16-19
8909533-8	1996	The addition of RanBP1 with Ran-GDP or Ran-GTP increased the affinity of both forms of Ran for p97 to the same level.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	28-31
8909533-8	1996	The addition of RanBP1 with Ran-GDP or Ran-GTP increased the affinity of both forms of Ran for p97 to the same level.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	28-31
8909533-8	1996	The addition of RanBP1 with Ran-GDP or Ran-GTP increased the affinity of both forms of Ran for p97 to the same level.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	melanotransferrin	Homo sapiens	95-98
8909533-12	1996	These results suggest that RanBP1 promotes both the docking and translocation steps in nuclear protein import by stabilizing the interaction of Ran-GDP with p97.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	RAN binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	27-33
8909533-12	1996	These results suggest that RanBP1 promotes both the docking and translocation steps in nuclear protein import by stabilizing the interaction of Ran-GDP with p97.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	27-30
8909533-12	1996	These results suggest that RanBP1 promotes both the docking and translocation steps in nuclear protein import by stabilizing the interaction of Ran-GDP with p97.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	melanotransferrin	Homo sapiens	157-160
8917509-1	1996	Brefeldin A (BFA) inhibited the exchange of ADP ribosylation factor (ARF)-bound GDP for GTP by a Golgi-associated guanine nucleotide-exchange protein (GEP) [Helms, J.B. & Rothman, J.E.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	granulin precursor	Homo sapiens	151-154
8910288-4	1996	Furthermore, RGS4 stabilizes the transition state for GTP hydrolysis, as evidenced by its high affinity for the GDP-AlF4--bound forms of Goalpha and Gialpha and its relatively low affinity for the GTPgammaS- and GDP-bound forms of these proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	regulator of G protein signaling 4	Homo sapiens	13-17
8900189-1	1996	Smg GDS is a regulator having two activities on a group of small G proteins including the Rho and Rap1 family members and Ki-Ras; one is to stimulate their GDP/GTP exchange reactions, and the other is to inhibit their interactions with membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	kinesin associated protein 3	Homo sapiens	0-7
8887689-2	1996	Phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eIF2 [creating eIF2(alphaP]) converts eIF2 x GDP from a substrate to an inhibitor of eIF2B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	40-44
8887689-2	1996	Phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eIF2 [creating eIF2(alphaP]) converts eIF2 x GDP from a substrate to an inhibitor of eIF2B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	55-59
8887689-2	1996	Phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eIF2 [creating eIF2(alphaP]) converts eIF2 x GDP from a substrate to an inhibitor of eIF2B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	55-59
8887689-2	1996	Phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eIF2 [creating eIF2(alphaP]) converts eIF2 x GDP from a substrate to an inhibitor of eIF2B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	125-130
8953772-0	1996	An Arabidopsis gene isolated by a novel method for detecting genetic interaction in yeast encodes the GDP dissociation inhibitor of Ara4 GTPase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolases superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	132-136
8900189-1	1996	Smg GDS is a regulator having two activities on a group of small G proteins including the Rho and Rap1 family members and Ki-Ras; one is to stimulate their GDP/GTP exchange reactions, and the other is to inhibit their interactions with membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	98-102
8900189-1	1996	Smg GDS is a regulator having two activities on a group of small G proteins including the Rho and Rap1 family members and Ki-Ras; one is to stimulate their GDP/GTP exchange reactions, and the other is to inhibit their interactions with membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	122-128
8896452-4	1996	The principal GTP exchange factor for Ran is the nuclear protein RCC1, whereas the major RanGAP is cytoplasmic, predicting that nuclear Ran is mainly in the GTP form and cytoplasmic Ran is in the GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	196-199	Ran GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	89-95
8810308-0	1996	Modulation of GDP release from transducin by the conserved Glu134-Arg135 sequence in rhodopsin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	85-94
8810308-3	1996	The cytoplasmic domain of rhodopsin binds and activates Gt, but residues that stimulate GDP release from Gt have not been identified until now.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	26-35
8810308-5	1996	We propose that Glu134 and Arg135 constitute the site that directly provides the signal from rhodopsin to activate GDP release from Gt.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	93-102
8810315-4	1996	A full-length cDNA encoding p115-RhoGEF was isolated, and its protein product, which exhibited sequence homology to Dbl and Lbc, catalyzed the exchange of GDP for GTP specifically on Rho and not on the Rac, Cdc42, or Ras GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	155-158	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	28-39
8810315-4	1996	A full-length cDNA encoding p115-RhoGEF was isolated, and its protein product, which exhibited sequence homology to Dbl and Lbc, catalyzed the exchange of GDP for GTP specifically on Rho and not on the Rac, Cdc42, or Ras GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	155-158	mcf.2 transforming sequence	Mus musculus	116-119
8897834-7	1996	Dialyzing with 1 mM guanosine 5"-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) or 1 mM GDP significantly attenuated the I-BOP or U-46619 action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	opsin 1, short wave sensitive	Rattus norvegicus	99-102
8839868-0	1996	Targeted disruption of guanosine diphosphate-dissociation inhibitor for Rho-related proteins, GDID4: normal hematopoietic differentiation but subtle defect in superoxide production by macrophages derived from in vitro embryonal stem cell differentiation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-44	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	94-99
8903506-3	1996	The protein synthesis elongation factor EF-Tu was the first G-protein whose nucleotide binding domain was solved structurally by X-ray crystallography to yield a structural definition of the GDP-bound form, but a still increasing number of new structures of G-proteins are appearing in the literature, in both GDP and GTP bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	191-194	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	40-45
8903506-3	1996	The protein synthesis elongation factor EF-Tu was the first G-protein whose nucleotide binding domain was solved structurally by X-ray crystallography to yield a structural definition of the GDP-bound form, but a still increasing number of new structures of G-proteins are appearing in the literature, in both GDP and GTP bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	310-313	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	40-45
8858161-6	1996	Next, to examine the regulation mechanism of CD44/ERM interaction in vivo, we reexamined the immunoprecipitated CD44/ERM complex from BHK cells and found that it contains Rho-GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), a regulator of Rho GTPase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	175-178	CD44 antigen	Mesocricetus auratus	45-49
8923203-5	1996	Other experiments using dominant mutants of Ran that block its GTP/GDP cycle have suggested that Ran may have multiple roles.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	44-47
8923203-5	1996	Other experiments using dominant mutants of Ran that block its GTP/GDP cycle have suggested that Ran may have multiple roles.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	97-100
8858161-6	1996	Next, to examine the regulation mechanism of CD44/ERM interaction in vivo, we reexamined the immunoprecipitated CD44/ERM complex from BHK cells and found that it contains Rho-GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), a regulator of Rho GTPase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	175-178	CD44 antigen	Mesocricetus auratus	112-116
8836150-7	1996	Moreover, the Q67L mutant was comparable with the wild-type Rab1B in its ability to associate with co-expressed Rab GDP dissociation inhibitors in 293 cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	RAB1B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	60-65
8798610-0	1996	Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate provides an alternative to guanine nucleotide exchange factors by stimulating the dissociation of GDP from Cdc42Hs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	145-152
8798610-2	1996	We have shown previously that the dbl oncogene product, which represents a prototype for a family of growth regulatory proteins, activates Rho subfamily GTP-binding proteins by catalyzing the dissociation of GDP from their nucleotide binding site.	Guanosine Diphosphate	208-211	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	34-37
8798610-4	1996	Among a variety of lipids tested, only PIP2 was able to stimulate GDP release from Cdc42Hs in a dose-dependent manner, with a half-maximum effect at approximately 50 microM.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	83-90
8798610-5	1996	Unlike the Dbl oncoprotein, which requires the presence of (free) guanine nucleotide in the medium to replace the GDP bound to Cdc42Hs, PIP2 stimulates GDP release from Cdc42Hs in the absence of free guanine nucleotide.	Guanosine Diphosphate	152-155	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	169-176
8810926-0	1996	High frequency (139.5 GHz) electron paramagnetic resonance characterization of Mn(II)-H2(17)O interactions in GDP and GTP forms of p21 ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
8810926-5	1996	By analysis of high-frequency EPR spectra, we determine the number of water molecules in the first coordination sphere of the manganous ion to be four in p21.Mn(II).GDP, consistent with prior low-frequency EPR and X-ray crystallographic studies.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	154-157
8780523-8	1996	The inhibitory potency trend (GTP approximately GDP > GMP > > guanosine) is consistent with bidentate chelation of Mn2+ by GDP-Fuc.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II	Homo sapiens	57-60
8774882-5	1996	RGS1, RGS4 and GAIP (for G alpha-interacting protein) bind specifically and tightly to G alphai and G alpha0 in cell membranes treated with GDP and AlF4(-), and are GAPs for G alphai, G alpha0 and transducin alpha-subunits, but not for G alphas.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	regulator of G protein signaling 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
8774882-5	1996	RGS1, RGS4 and GAIP (for G alpha-interacting protein) bind specifically and tightly to G alphai and G alpha0 in cell membranes treated with GDP and AlF4(-), and are GAPs for G alphai, G alpha0 and transducin alpha-subunits, but not for G alphas.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	regulator of G protein signaling 4	Homo sapiens	6-10
8774882-5	1996	RGS1, RGS4 and GAIP (for G alpha-interacting protein) bind specifically and tightly to G alphai and G alpha0 in cell membranes treated with GDP and AlF4(-), and are GAPs for G alphai, G alpha0 and transducin alpha-subunits, but not for G alphas.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	regulator of G protein signaling 19	Homo sapiens	15-19
8774882-5	1996	RGS1, RGS4 and GAIP (for G alpha-interacting protein) bind specifically and tightly to G alphai and G alpha0 in cell membranes treated with GDP and AlF4(-), and are GAPs for G alphai, G alpha0 and transducin alpha-subunits, but not for G alphas.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	regulator of G protein signaling 19	Homo sapiens	25-52
8906564-5	1996	PIP2 was found to increase the rate of GDP dissociation and stabilize the nucleotide-free form of the protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	oleate-activated transcription factor PIP2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-4
8929216-2	1996	The guanine nucleotide-exchange factor eIF2B mediates the exchange of GDP bound to translation initiation factor eIF2 for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	39-44
8974153-5	1996	p21ras functions as a molecular switch active when GTP is bound to it and inactive in the GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	0-6
8702787-1	1996	We describe here the kinetics of the interaction of GTP and GDP with the small GTP-binding proteins Rab5 and Rab7.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	100-104
8702776-7	1996	Both IGTP that had been immunoprecipitated from RAW cells and a glutathione S-transferase IGTP fusion protein were able to convert GTP to GDP in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	interferon gamma induced GTPase	Mus musculus	5-9
8702787-1	1996	We describe here the kinetics of the interaction of GTP and GDP with the small GTP-binding proteins Rab5 and Rab7.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	109-113
8702776-7	1996	Both IGTP that had been immunoprecipitated from RAW cells and a glutathione S-transferase IGTP fusion protein were able to convert GTP to GDP in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	interferon gamma induced GTPase	Mus musculus	90-94
8702787-6	1996	Fluorescence techniques could also be used to quantitate the interaction of Mg2+ ions with the GTP and GDP forms of Rab7, and it was shown that the metal ion was bound approximately 1000-fold more strongly to the GTP than the GDP form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	116-120
8702787-6	1996	Fluorescence techniques could also be used to quantitate the interaction of Mg2+ ions with the GTP and GDP forms of Rab7, and it was shown that the metal ion was bound approximately 1000-fold more strongly to the GTP than the GDP form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	226-229	RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	116-120
8702675-1	1996	Ral GDP dissociation stimulator (RalGDS) is a GDP/GTP exchange protein of Ral and a new effector protein of Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	33-39
8702675-1	1996	Ral GDP dissociation stimulator (RalGDS) is a GDP/GTP exchange protein of Ral and a new effector protein of Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
8702675-6	1996	The post-translational modification of Ral enhanced the activities of RalGDS to stimulate the dissociation of GDP from and the binding of GTP to Ral.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	39-42
8702675-6	1996	The post-translational modification of Ral enhanced the activities of RalGDS to stimulate the dissociation of GDP from and the binding of GTP to Ral.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	70-76
8702675-6	1996	The post-translational modification of Ral enhanced the activities of RalGDS to stimulate the dissociation of GDP from and the binding of GTP to Ral.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	70-73
8858211-4	1996	Rab proteins cycle between a GTP-bound active form and a guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP)-bound inactive form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-81	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-3
8798377-6	1996	The fusion protein glutathione S-transferase-beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 1-(495-689) or the transducin subunit Galphat-GDP, which act as specific antagonists of Gbetagamma, inhibited SH-PTP1 phosphorylation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens	187-194
8889801-2	1996	RCC1 has no preference for GTP or GDP-bound Ran, so that GTP-Ran formation in vivo is regulated by relative concentrations of GTP/GDP and regulatory proteins interacting with RCC1, Ran, and RNA1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-133	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
8889801-2	1996	RCC1 has no preference for GTP or GDP-bound Ran, so that GTP-Ran formation in vivo is regulated by relative concentrations of GTP/GDP and regulatory proteins interacting with RCC1, Ran, and RNA1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-133	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	61-64
8889801-2	1996	RCC1 has no preference for GTP or GDP-bound Ran, so that GTP-Ran formation in vivo is regulated by relative concentrations of GTP/GDP and regulatory proteins interacting with RCC1, Ran, and RNA1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-133	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	61-64
8702944-8	1996	Ras activity as measured by GTP:GDP ratio was increased by EGF, but not by PRL.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	epidermal growth factor	Mus musculus	59-62
8769123-2	1996	Rab-GDP dissociation inhibitor prevents dissociation of GDP from Rab proteins and extracts Rab proteins from cell membranes in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-3
8769123-2	1996	Rab-GDP dissociation inhibitor prevents dissociation of GDP from Rab proteins and extracts Rab proteins from cell membranes in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	65-68
8769123-2	1996	Rab-GDP dissociation inhibitor prevents dissociation of GDP from Rab proteins and extracts Rab proteins from cell membranes in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-3
8769123-2	1996	Rab-GDP dissociation inhibitor prevents dissociation of GDP from Rab proteins and extracts Rab proteins from cell membranes in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	65-68
8864565-14	1996	Intracellular dialysis of the hippocampal CA1 neurones with GDP (10 mM) significantly attenuated the I-BOP inhibition of e.p.s.p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	carbonic anhydrase 1	Rattus norvegicus	42-45
8858211-4	1996	Rab proteins cycle between a GTP-bound active form and a guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP)-bound inactive form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-3
8858211-7	1996	We used a glutathione-S-transferase (GST)-Rab4 protein which possesses the properties of a small GTPase (ability to bind GDP and GTP and to hydrolyse GTP) and can be isolated in a rapid and efficient way.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	42-46
8858211-8	1996	This GAP activity was observed in 3T3-L1 adipocyte lysates, and was able to accelerate the hydrolysis of the [alpha-32P]GTP bound to GST-Rab4 into [alpha-32P]GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	158-161	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	137-141
8858211-13	1996	Taking our results together with the accepted model of Rab cycling in intracellular traffic, we propose that Rab4-GAP activity plays a role in the cycling between the GTP- and GDP-bound forms of Rab4, and thus possibly in the traffic of GLUT4-containing vesicles.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	55-58
8858211-13	1996	Taking our results together with the accepted model of Rab cycling in intracellular traffic, we propose that Rab4-GAP activity plays a role in the cycling between the GTP- and GDP-bound forms of Rab4, and thus possibly in the traffic of GLUT4-containing vesicles.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	109-113
8858211-13	1996	Taking our results together with the accepted model of Rab cycling in intracellular traffic, we propose that Rab4-GAP activity plays a role in the cycling between the GTP- and GDP-bound forms of Rab4, and thus possibly in the traffic of GLUT4-containing vesicles.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	195-199
8858211-13	1996	Taking our results together with the accepted model of Rab cycling in intracellular traffic, we propose that Rab4-GAP activity plays a role in the cycling between the GTP- and GDP-bound forms of Rab4, and thus possibly in the traffic of GLUT4-containing vesicles.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	solute carrier family 2 member 4	Homo sapiens	237-242
8754840-8	1996	Two-hybrid and biochemical experiments revealed that Bem4p directly interacts with the nucleotide-free form of Rho1p and, to lesser extents, with the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of Rho1p, although Bem4p showed neither GDP/GTP exchange factor, GDP dissociation inhibitor, nor GTPase-activating protein activity toward Rho1p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	150-153	Bem4p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	53-58
8754840-8	1996	Two-hybrid and biochemical experiments revealed that Bem4p directly interacts with the nucleotide-free form of Rho1p and, to lesser extents, with the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of Rho1p, although Bem4p showed neither GDP/GTP exchange factor, GDP dissociation inhibitor, nor GTPase-activating protein activity toward Rho1p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	215-218	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	178-183
8754840-8	1996	Two-hybrid and biochemical experiments revealed that Bem4p directly interacts with the nucleotide-free form of Rho1p and, to lesser extents, with the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of Rho1p, although Bem4p showed neither GDP/GTP exchange factor, GDP dissociation inhibitor, nor GTPase-activating protein activity toward Rho1p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	215-218	Bem4p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	53-58
8754840-8	1996	Two-hybrid and biochemical experiments revealed that Bem4p directly interacts with the nucleotide-free form of Rho1p and, to lesser extents, with the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of Rho1p, although Bem4p showed neither GDP/GTP exchange factor, GDP dissociation inhibitor, nor GTPase-activating protein activity toward Rho1p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	215-218	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	111-116
8754840-8	1996	Two-hybrid and biochemical experiments revealed that Bem4p directly interacts with the nucleotide-free form of Rho1p and, to lesser extents, with the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of Rho1p, although Bem4p showed neither GDP/GTP exchange factor, GDP dissociation inhibitor, nor GTPase-activating protein activity toward Rho1p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	215-218	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	178-183
8663268-1	1996	The interaction of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ras2p with the catalytic domain of the GDP/GTP exchange factors (GEFs) mouse CDC25(Mm), yeast Cdc25p, and Sdc25p was analyzed by introducing the substitution R80D/N81D into Ras2p S24N, a mutant that is shown to interfere with the Ras2p wild type (wt)-GEF interaction by forming a stable complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	44-49
8663461-1	1996	Insulin and epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulate a rapid but transient increase in the amount of GTP bound to Ras that returns to the basal GDP-bound state within 10-30 min.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	insulin	Homo sapiens	0-7
8663461-1	1996	Insulin and epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulate a rapid but transient increase in the amount of GTP bound to Ras that returns to the basal GDP-bound state within 10-30 min.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	12-35
8663461-1	1996	Insulin and epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulate a rapid but transient increase in the amount of GTP bound to Ras that returns to the basal GDP-bound state within 10-30 min.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	37-40
8755535-5	1996	By preloading recombinant Ran/TC4 with [gamma-32P]GTP or [3H]GDP, we show that the interactions with p97 and NTF2 are specific for the GTP- and GDP-bound forms, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	26-29
8755535-5	1996	By preloading recombinant Ran/TC4 with [gamma-32P]GTP or [3H]GDP, we show that the interactions with p97 and NTF2 are specific for the GTP- and GDP-bound forms, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	30-33
8755535-5	1996	By preloading recombinant Ran/TC4 with [gamma-32P]GTP or [3H]GDP, we show that the interactions with p97 and NTF2 are specific for the GTP- and GDP-bound forms, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	melanotransferrin	Homo sapiens	101-104
8755535-5	1996	By preloading recombinant Ran/TC4 with [gamma-32P]GTP or [3H]GDP, we show that the interactions with p97 and NTF2 are specific for the GTP- and GDP-bound forms, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	nuclear transport factor 2	Homo sapiens	109-113
8755535-5	1996	By preloading recombinant Ran/TC4 with [gamma-32P]GTP or [3H]GDP, we show that the interactions with p97 and NTF2 are specific for the GTP- and GDP-bound forms, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	26-29
8755535-5	1996	By preloading recombinant Ran/TC4 with [gamma-32P]GTP or [3H]GDP, we show that the interactions with p97 and NTF2 are specific for the GTP- and GDP-bound forms, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	30-33
15157438-3	1996	As a member of the Ras superfamily, Rho is regulated by GDP-GTP exchange factors (GEFs) that have homology to the dbl oncogene, and by GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs).	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	114-117
8755535-5	1996	By preloading recombinant Ran/TC4 with [gamma-32P]GTP or [3H]GDP, we show that the interactions with p97 and NTF2 are specific for the GTP- and GDP-bound forms, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	melanotransferrin	Homo sapiens	101-104
8663268-1	1996	The interaction of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ras2p with the catalytic domain of the GDP/GTP exchange factors (GEFs) mouse CDC25(Mm), yeast Cdc25p, and Sdc25p was analyzed by introducing the substitution R80D/N81D into Ras2p S24N, a mutant that is shown to interfere with the Ras2p wild type (wt)-GEF interaction by forming a stable complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	cell division cycle 25C	Mus musculus	121-126
8755535-5	1996	By preloading recombinant Ran/TC4 with [gamma-32P]GTP or [3H]GDP, we show that the interactions with p97 and NTF2 are specific for the GTP- and GDP-bound forms, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	nuclear transport factor 2	Homo sapiens	109-113
8755535-6	1996	These data together with previous studies lead us to suggest that the interaction of the GTP-bound form of Ran/TC4 with p97 is linked to an early step in the nuclear protein import pathway and that the association of the GDP-bound form of Ran/TC4 with NTF2 helps define vectorial transport.	Guanosine Diphosphate	221-224	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	107-110
8663268-4	1996	The affinity of Ras2p S24N/R80D/N81D for GDP and GTP was decreased 3 and 4 orders of magnitude, respectively, like that of Ras2p S24N, whereas the double mutant behaved as Ras2p wt.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	16-21
8755535-6	1996	These data together with previous studies lead us to suggest that the interaction of the GTP-bound form of Ran/TC4 with p97 is linked to an early step in the nuclear protein import pathway and that the association of the GDP-bound form of Ran/TC4 with NTF2 helps define vectorial transport.	Guanosine Diphosphate	221-224	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	111-114
8755535-6	1996	These data together with previous studies lead us to suggest that the interaction of the GTP-bound form of Ran/TC4 with p97 is linked to an early step in the nuclear protein import pathway and that the association of the GDP-bound form of Ran/TC4 with NTF2 helps define vectorial transport.	Guanosine Diphosphate	221-224	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	239-242
8663268-6	1996	Thus, the triple mutant and Ras2p S24N have opposite properties toward the binding to GEF but similarly modified behaviors toward GDP, GTP, and adenylyl cyclase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-133	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	28-33
8706741-8	1996	The GDP-bound form of Rab3a is the preferred substrate of geranylgeranyl transferase II.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	22-27
8752894-0	1996	Defective Rho GTPase regulation by IL-1 beta-converting enzyme-mediated cleavage of D4 GDP dissociation inhibitor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	caspase 1	Homo sapiens	35-62
8706832-3	1996	We now report that purified recombinant hGBP2 also hydrolyzes GTP very efficiently, although GDP rather than GMP was the major reaction product.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	guanylate binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	40-45
8706832-5	1996	Both hGBP1 and hGBP2 failed to hydrolyze GDP, however, GDP was an effective inhibitor of the hGBP2- but not the hGBP1-catalyzed GTP hydrolysis reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	guanylate binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	93-98
8832375-1	1996	rap-1A is a membrane-bound G-protein in the ras superfamily that, like the ras-p21 protein, is activated by binding GTP in place of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	132-135	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-6
8658179-2	1996	However, the product of the proto-oncogene ras in its guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound form interacted with AIF4 - in the presence of stoichiometric amounts of either of the guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase)-activating proteins (GAPs) p120GAP and neurofibromin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-75	itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase	Homo sapiens	109-113
8658179-2	1996	However, the product of the proto-oncogene ras in its guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound form interacted with AIF4 - in the presence of stoichiometric amounts of either of the guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase)-activating proteins (GAPs) p120GAP and neurofibromin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-75	RAS p21 protein activator 1	Homo sapiens	236-243
8658179-2	1996	However, the product of the proto-oncogene ras in its guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound form interacted with AIF4 - in the presence of stoichiometric amounts of either of the guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase)-activating proteins (GAPs) p120GAP and neurofibromin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-75	neurofibromin 1	Homo sapiens	248-261
8658179-2	1996	However, the product of the proto-oncogene ras in its guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound form interacted with AIF4 - in the presence of stoichiometric amounts of either of the guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase)-activating proteins (GAPs) p120GAP and neurofibromin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase	Homo sapiens	109-113
8658179-2	1996	However, the product of the proto-oncogene ras in its guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound form interacted with AIF4 - in the presence of stoichiometric amounts of either of the guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase)-activating proteins (GAPs) p120GAP and neurofibromin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	RAS p21 protein activator 1	Homo sapiens	236-243
8658179-2	1996	However, the product of the proto-oncogene ras in its guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound form interacted with AIF4 - in the presence of stoichiometric amounts of either of the guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase)-activating proteins (GAPs) p120GAP and neurofibromin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	neurofibromin 1	Homo sapiens	248-261
8682210-4	1996	Proteins that interact with Ran in either the GDP-bound or the GTP-bound state coordinate transfer through the NPC.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	28-31
8663313-1	1996	Guanylate kinase catalyzes the phosphorylation of either GMP to GDP or dGMP to dGDP and is an essential enzyme in nucleotide metabolism pathways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	guanylate kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-16
8687443-9	1996	In the presence of elf-2B, the exchange of [3H]GDP for GTP from elf-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	ETS-related transcription factor Elf-2	Oryctolagus cuniculus	19-24
8663347-4	1996	In the absence of RCC1, GDP-Ran predominates, resulting in MPF activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran	Mesocricetus auratus	28-31
8663347-8	1996	However, the inhibition of chromatin condensation by GDP-Ran could be completely abolished by co-injection with GDP, but not GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran	Mesocricetus auratus	57-60
8663347-8	1996	However, the inhibition of chromatin condensation by GDP-Ran could be completely abolished by co-injection with GDP, but not GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran	Mesocricetus auratus	57-60
8652669-6	1996	The catalytic use of EF-Tu.Tsmt is inhibited by GDP but not by GMP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Bos taurus	21-26
8832375-1	1996	rap-1A is a membrane-bound G-protein in the ras superfamily that, like the ras-p21 protein, is activated by binding GTP in place of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	132-135	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
8643566-1	1996	Stimulation via the T-cell growth factor interleukin 2 (IL-2) leads to tyrosine phosphorylation of Shc, the interaction of Shc with Grb2, and the Ras GTP/GDP exchange factor, mSOS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	154-157	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	41-54
8799832-3	1996	The thermolability of nuclear protein import in tsBN2 cells was suppressed by microinjection of purified Ran-GTP into the cytoplasm, but Ran-GDP also relieved the import deficiency, suggesting either that both forms of Ran are active in import in vivo or that tsBN2 cells at restrictive temperature retain a mechanism to convert Ran-GDP to Ran-GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	141-144	GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran	Mesocricetus auratus	137-140
8799832-3	1996	The thermolability of nuclear protein import in tsBN2 cells was suppressed by microinjection of purified Ran-GTP into the cytoplasm, but Ran-GDP also relieved the import deficiency, suggesting either that both forms of Ran are active in import in vivo or that tsBN2 cells at restrictive temperature retain a mechanism to convert Ran-GDP to Ran-GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	141-144	GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran	Mesocricetus auratus	137-140
8799832-3	1996	The thermolability of nuclear protein import in tsBN2 cells was suppressed by microinjection of purified Ran-GTP into the cytoplasm, but Ran-GDP also relieved the import deficiency, suggesting either that both forms of Ran are active in import in vivo or that tsBN2 cells at restrictive temperature retain a mechanism to convert Ran-GDP to Ran-GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	141-144	GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran	Mesocricetus auratus	137-140
8799832-3	1996	The thermolability of nuclear protein import in tsBN2 cells was suppressed by microinjection of purified Ran-GTP into the cytoplasm, but Ran-GDP also relieved the import deficiency, suggesting either that both forms of Ran are active in import in vivo or that tsBN2 cells at restrictive temperature retain a mechanism to convert Ran-GDP to Ran-GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	141-144	GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran	Mesocricetus auratus	137-140
8665868-3	1996	In its presence, the migration velocity of both GTP- and GDP-bound EF-Tu on native PAGE is increased.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	67-72
8665868-4	1996	The stimulation of EF-Tu-GDP dissociation by EF-Ts is inhibited.	Guanosine Diphosphate	25-28	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	19-24
8626669-2	1996	Here we report that D4-GDI, an abundant hematopoietic cell GDP dissociation inhibitor for the Ras-related Rho family GTPases, is a substrate of the apoptosis protease CPP32/Yama/Apopain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	167-172
8626669-2	1996	Here we report that D4-GDI, an abundant hematopoietic cell GDP dissociation inhibitor for the Ras-related Rho family GTPases, is a substrate of the apoptosis protease CPP32/Yama/Apopain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	173-177
8655589-12	1996	They also show that multiple types of Ran mutant exert dominant effects on this process, and that normal Ran function requires cycling between the GTP- and GDP-bound states of the protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	105-108
8736554-0	1996	The structure of elongation factor G in complex with GDP: conformational flexibility and nucleotide exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	17-36
8736554-2	1996	During translocation EF-G passes through four main conformational states: the GDP complex, the nucleotide-free state, the GTP complex, and the GTPase conformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	21-25
8736554-4	1996	RESULTS: The structure of EF-G-GDP has been refined at 2.4 A resolution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	26-30
8736554-7	1996	The magnesium ion is absent in EF-G-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	31-35
8642600-7	1996	The revertant mutations probably restore the balance between the GDP and GTP conformations of EF-G off the ribosome, and most of them are located close to the interface between the G domain and domain II.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	94-98
8643566-1	1996	Stimulation via the T-cell growth factor interleukin 2 (IL-2) leads to tyrosine phosphorylation of Shc, the interaction of Shc with Grb2, and the Ras GTP/GDP exchange factor, mSOS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	154-157	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	56-60
8626553-5	1996	The GDI-induced quenching is only observed when Mant-GDP is bound to Spodoptera frugiperda-expressed Cdc42Hs and is not detected when the Mant nucleotide is bound to Escherichia coli-expressed Cdc42Hs and thus shows the same requirement for isoprenylated GTP-binding protein as that observed when assaying GDI activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	101-108
8631911-1	1996	We have identified the Rab1B effector-domain mutant (D44N) that, when geranylgeranylated by Rab:geranylgeranyltransferase (GGTase II) in cell-free systems or intact cells, fails to form detectable complexes with GDP-dissociation inhibitors (GDIs).	Guanosine Diphosphate	212-215	RAB1B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	23-28
8647187-12	1996	Further evidence of the involvement of G-proteins in LFA-1-mediated signal transduction was the inhibitory effect of the GDP analog guanosine-5"-O-2-thiodiphosphate (GDP beta S) on LFA-1-mediated calcium mobilization.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	53-58
8647187-12	1996	Further evidence of the involvement of G-proteins in LFA-1-mediated signal transduction was the inhibitory effect of the GDP analog guanosine-5"-O-2-thiodiphosphate (GDP beta S) on LFA-1-mediated calcium mobilization.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	181-186
8697095-5	1996	Grb2 is found associated with mSOS, a GTP/GDP exchange factor involved in converting the inactive Ras-GDP to the active Ras-GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Mus musculus	0-4
8697095-5	1996	Grb2 is found associated with mSOS, a GTP/GDP exchange factor involved in converting the inactive Ras-GDP to the active Ras-GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Mus musculus	0-4
8641285-4	1996	Rom1p and Rom2p were found to contain a DH (Dbl homologous) domain and a PH (pleckstrin homologous) domain, both of which are conserved among the GDP/GTP exchange proteins (GEPs) for the Rho family small GTP binding proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor ROM1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-5
8641285-4	1996	Rom1p and Rom2p were found to contain a DH (Dbl homologous) domain and a PH (pleckstrin homologous) domain, both of which are conserved among the GDP/GTP exchange proteins (GEPs) for the Rho family small GTP binding proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor ROM2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	10-15
8641285-8	1996	The glutathione-S-transferase (GST) fusion protein containing the DH domain of Rom2p showed the lipid-modified Rholp-specific GDP/GTP exchange activity which was sensitive to Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-129	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor ROM2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	79-84
8743958-3	1996	After release of aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome under concomitant hydrolysis of GTP, the inactive EF-1 alpha.GDP form is recycled to EF-1 alpha.GTP by EF-1 beta gamma delta.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	98-108
8743958-3	1996	After release of aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome under concomitant hydrolysis of GTP, the inactive EF-1 alpha.GDP form is recycled to EF-1 alpha.GTP by EF-1 beta gamma delta.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	133-143
8743958-3	1996	After release of aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome under concomitant hydrolysis of GTP, the inactive EF-1 alpha.GDP form is recycled to EF-1 alpha.GTP by EF-1 beta gamma delta.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2	Homo sapiens	151-160
8630020-5	1996	These results are consistent with the notion that an excess of Rab3A in the cytoplasm depletes the regulatory proteins responsible for regulating the interconversion between GTP- and GDP-bound forms of Rab3A and that Rab3A is involved in the final steps of regulated exocytosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	183-186	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Bos taurus	63-68
8630020-5	1996	These results are consistent with the notion that an excess of Rab3A in the cytoplasm depletes the regulatory proteins responsible for regulating the interconversion between GTP- and GDP-bound forms of Rab3A and that Rab3A is involved in the final steps of regulated exocytosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	183-186	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Bos taurus	202-207
8630020-5	1996	These results are consistent with the notion that an excess of Rab3A in the cytoplasm depletes the regulatory proteins responsible for regulating the interconversion between GTP- and GDP-bound forms of Rab3A and that Rab3A is involved in the final steps of regulated exocytosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	183-186	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Bos taurus	202-207
8626553-5	1996	The GDI-induced quenching is only observed when Mant-GDP is bound to Spodoptera frugiperda-expressed Cdc42Hs and is not detected when the Mant nucleotide is bound to Escherichia coli-expressed Cdc42Hs and thus shows the same requirement for isoprenylated GTP-binding protein as that observed when assaying GDI activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	193-200
8626553-7	1996	Thus, the GDI-induced quenching of Mant-GDP provides a direct read-out for the binding of the GDI to Cdc42Hs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	101-108
8626553-8	1996	Titration profiles of the GDI-induced quenching of the Mant-GDP fluorescence are saturable and are well fit to a simple 1:1 binding model for Cdc42Hs-GDI interactions with an apparent Kd value of 30 nM.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	142-149
8626553-10	1996	These results suggest that the GDI can bind to the GDP-bound and GTP-bound forms of Cdc42Hs equally well.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	84-91
8740369-0	1996	Electrostatic control of GTP and GDP binding in the oncoprotein p21ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-36	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	64-70
8621516-3	1996	The alpha subunit of Gs (Gsalpha) has a guanine nucleotide binding site, and activation occurs when tightly bound GDP is displaced by GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	25-32
8605211-3	1996	We find that the sNBD-labeled Cdc42Hs undergoes a fluorescence enhancement at 545 nm when Cdc42Hs exchanges bound GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	30-37
8605211-3	1996	We find that the sNBD-labeled Cdc42Hs undergoes a fluorescence enhancement at 545 nm when Cdc42Hs exchanges bound GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	90-97
8740369-2	1996	The GTP-bound form of p21ras sends a growth-promoting signal that is terminated once the protein is cycled back into its GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	22-28
8740369-7	1996	RESULTS: The crystal structures of p21ras are correlated with the binding affinities of GTP and GDP by calculating the relevant electrostatic energies.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	35-41
8736705-2	1996	Gs is a heterotrimeric protein (alpha beta gamma) that is activated when guanosine triphosphate (GTP) or a non-hydrolyzable GTP analogue displaces tightly bound guanosine diphosphate (GDP) from the guanine nucleotide-binding site of the alpha-subunit (Gs alpha).	Guanosine Diphosphate	161-182	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	252-260
8743583-8	1996	We investigated the effects of GTP/GDP and Ca2+/calmodulin on F-actin bundling activity of EF-1alpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	91-100
8743583-9	1996	The presence of GTP, GDP, or guanylyl-imidodiphosphate (GMP-PNP) slightly decreased the amount of EF-1 alpha which bound to F-actin, but each had virtually no effect on the F-actin bundling activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	98-108
8634914-8	1996	A dual role for the revealed GTPase complex is proposed: in " GTP state," it controls the positioning of eRF1 toward stop codon and peptidyl-tRNA, whereas in "GDP state," it promotes release of eRFs from the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	159-162	eukaryotic translation termination factor 1	Homo sapiens	105-109
8634914-8	1996	A dual role for the revealed GTPase complex is proposed: in " GTP state," it controls the positioning of eRF1 toward stop codon and peptidyl-tRNA, whereas in "GDP state," it promotes release of eRFs from the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	159-162	HBS1 like translational GTPase	Homo sapiens	194-198
8723349-10	1996	Like Ras, Bud1p GTPase is constitutively associated with the plasma membrane; however, concentrated activities of Bud5p GDP-GTP exchange factor and Bud2p GTPase-activating protein at the future bud site promote rapid cycling of Bud1p between GTP- and GDP-bound conformations in a spatially restricted manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	Ras family GTPase RSR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	10-15
8723349-10	1996	Like Ras, Bud1p GTPase is constitutively associated with the plasma membrane; however, concentrated activities of Bud5p GDP-GTP exchange factor and Bud2p GTPase-activating protein at the future bud site promote rapid cycling of Bud1p between GTP- and GDP-bound conformations in a spatially restricted manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	Ras family GTPase RSR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	228-233
8636123-11	1996	Interestingly, GDP and guanosine 5"-3-O-(thio)triphosphate (GTPgammaS) inhibited the phosphorylation of Gsalpha without altering EGFR autophosphorylation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	15-18	GNAS (guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha stimulating) complex locus	Mus musculus	104-111
8636123-12	1996	However, G protein betagamma subunits protected against GDP- and GTPgammaS-mediated inhibition of phosphorylation of Gsalpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	GNAS (guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha stimulating) complex locus	Mus musculus	117-124
8647441-6	1996	A comparison of the predicted TCR zeta-chain aa sequence reveals that the GDP/GTP-binding motif, which is conserved in other species, shows marked differences in the bovine and ovine TCR zeta-chains.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	uncharacterized protein LOC100335800	Bos taurus	30-33
8647441-6	1996	A comparison of the predicted TCR zeta-chain aa sequence reveals that the GDP/GTP-binding motif, which is conserved in other species, shows marked differences in the bovine and ovine TCR zeta-chains.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	uncharacterized protein LOC100335800	Bos taurus	183-186
8652615-2	1996	The elongation factor 1 beta (EF-1 beta), that in eukarya and archaea promotes the replacement of GDP by GTP on the elongation factor 1 alpha x GDP complex, was purified to homogeneity from the thermoacidophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus (SsEF-1 beta).	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	thiamine pyrophosphate-binding protein	Saccharolobus solfataricus	4-28
8652615-2	1996	The elongation factor 1 beta (EF-1 beta), that in eukarya and archaea promotes the replacement of GDP by GTP on the elongation factor 1 alpha x GDP complex, was purified to homogeneity from the thermoacidophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus (SsEF-1 beta).	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	thiamine pyrophosphate-binding protein	Saccharolobus solfataricus	4-28
8652615-2	1996	The elongation factor 1 beta (EF-1 beta), that in eukarya and archaea promotes the replacement of GDP by GTP on the elongation factor 1 alpha x GDP complex, was purified to homogeneity from the thermoacidophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus (SsEF-1 beta).	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	Hsp20/alpha crystallin family protein	Saccharolobus solfataricus	116-141
8652615-6	1996	At 50 degrees C, at a concentration of SsEF-1 beta 5-fold higher than that of SsEF-1 alpha x [3H]GDP the rate of the exchange of [3H]GDP for GTP becomes about 160-fold faster.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	78-90
8596913-2	1996	Changing the glutamic acid to an alanine in bovine alpha(T) yielded an alpha subunit (alpha(T)E203A) that was fully dependent on rhodopsin for GTP-guanosine diphosphate (GDP) exchange and showed GTP hydrolytic activity similar to that measured for wild-type alpha(T).	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-173	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	129-138
8736705-2	1996	Gs is a heterotrimeric protein (alpha beta gamma) that is activated when guanosine triphosphate (GTP) or a non-hydrolyzable GTP analogue displaces tightly bound guanosine diphosphate (GDP) from the guanine nucleotide-binding site of the alpha-subunit (Gs alpha).	Guanosine Diphosphate	184-187	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	252-260
8868471-4	1996	The binding of PIP5K was independent of whether Rho was in a GTP- or GDP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	phosphoinositide kinase, FYVE type zinc finger containing	Mus musculus	15-20
8611570-4	1996	Present immunological and biochemical studies on the regulation of the GTPase cycle of G alpha h, which involves the alpha 1-adrenoceptor and 50 KDa G beta h, reveal that the 50 kDa protein is indeed a G alpha h-associated protein and down regulates functions of G alpha h. Thus, polyclonal antibody against G Beta h coimmunoprecipitates GDP-bound G alpha h but not the GDP-AlF4--bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	338-341	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	87-94
8611570-11	1996	These findings clearly demonstrate that G alpha h associates with a novel protein which modulates the affinity of G alpha h for guanine nucleotides and that the GDP-bound Gh is the ground state for the counterpart activator, the alpha 1-adrenoceptor, in this signaling system.	Guanosine Diphosphate	161-164	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	40-47
8611570-4	1996	Present immunological and biochemical studies on the regulation of the GTPase cycle of G alpha h, which involves the alpha 1-adrenoceptor and 50 KDa G beta h, reveal that the 50 kDa protein is indeed a G alpha h-associated protein and down regulates functions of G alpha h. Thus, polyclonal antibody against G Beta h coimmunoprecipitates GDP-bound G alpha h but not the GDP-AlF4--bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	338-341	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	202-209
8611570-4	1996	Present immunological and biochemical studies on the regulation of the GTPase cycle of G alpha h, which involves the alpha 1-adrenoceptor and 50 KDa G beta h, reveal that the 50 kDa protein is indeed a G alpha h-associated protein and down regulates functions of G alpha h. Thus, polyclonal antibody against G Beta h coimmunoprecipitates GDP-bound G alpha h but not the GDP-AlF4--bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	338-341	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	202-209
8611570-4	1996	Present immunological and biochemical studies on the regulation of the GTPase cycle of G alpha h, which involves the alpha 1-adrenoceptor and 50 KDa G beta h, reveal that the 50 kDa protein is indeed a G alpha h-associated protein and down regulates functions of G alpha h. Thus, polyclonal antibody against G Beta h coimmunoprecipitates GDP-bound G alpha h but not the GDP-AlF4--bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	338-341	succinate-CoA ligase GDP-forming subunit beta	Homo sapiens	308-314
8611570-4	1996	Present immunological and biochemical studies on the regulation of the GTPase cycle of G alpha h, which involves the alpha 1-adrenoceptor and 50 KDa G beta h, reveal that the 50 kDa protein is indeed a G alpha h-associated protein and down regulates functions of G alpha h. Thus, polyclonal antibody against G Beta h coimmunoprecipitates GDP-bound G alpha h but not the GDP-AlF4--bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	338-341	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	202-209
8611570-6	1996	Supporting this notion, G beta h accelerated GTP gamma S release from G alpha h and changes the affinity of G alpha h from GTP to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-133	succinate-CoA ligase GDP-forming subunit beta	Homo sapiens	24-30
8611570-6	1996	Supporting this notion, G beta h accelerated GTP gamma S release from G alpha h and changes the affinity of G alpha h from GTP to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-133	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	108-115
8617259-3	1996	Photoincorporation of the radioactive GTP derivative into eEF-2 was prevented by the previous addition of GTP and GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Homo sapiens	58-63
8611036-7	1996	This inhibition of protein synthesis was associated with diminished exchange of GTP for GDP in the eLF-2.GDP complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	E74-like factor 2	Mus musculus	99-104
8611036-7	1996	This inhibition of protein synthesis was associated with diminished exchange of GTP for GDP in the eLF-2.GDP complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	E74-like factor 2	Mus musculus	99-104
8611036-8	1996	This diminished guanine nucleotide exchange activity was due to the inhibition of eukaryotic initiation factor eIF-2B, the factor required for the dissociation of GDP from eIF-2, and the formation of the functional eIF-2.GTP complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	163-166	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	111-117
8611036-8	1996	This diminished guanine nucleotide exchange activity was due to the inhibition of eukaryotic initiation factor eIF-2B, the factor required for the dissociation of GDP from eIF-2, and the formation of the functional eIF-2.GTP complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	163-166	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	111-116
8611036-8	1996	This diminished guanine nucleotide exchange activity was due to the inhibition of eukaryotic initiation factor eIF-2B, the factor required for the dissociation of GDP from eIF-2, and the formation of the functional eIF-2.GTP complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	163-166	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	172-177
8632004-7	1996	In addition, the results reveal PTP1C association with two other molecules implicated in Ras activation, the Grb2 adaptor protein and mSos1, a GTP/GDP exchanger for Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	147-150	protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 6	Mus musculus	32-37
8632004-7	1996	In addition, the results reveal PTP1C association with two other molecules implicated in Ras activation, the Grb2 adaptor protein and mSos1, a GTP/GDP exchanger for Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	147-150	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Mus musculus	134-139
8733732-3	1996	In membrane assays, with 20 microM GDP, ORL1 peptide stimulated [35S]GTP gamma S binding by approximately two-fold with an ED50 value of 20 nM.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	opioid related nociceptin receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	40-44
8850279-0	1996	Is GPT important to GDPs?	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-24	glutamic--pyruvic transaminase	Homo sapiens	3-6
8599934-5	1996	Experiments using purified membrane preparations indicated that Rho-GDP dissociation inhibitor, which can complex phosphorylated RhoA in its GTP-bound state, was the effector of this translocation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	129-133
8744572-5	1996	An analysis of this model while complexed with p21ras/(GDP) indicated that the two molecular switch regions are constrained by complex formation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	47-53
8592160-1	1996	The kappa-opioid receptor agonists including U-50,488H and dynorphin A (1-17) in ranges of 0.1-100 nM inhibited the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP (P(i) release) inherent in GTP-binding proteins (G proteins) in guinea pig cerebellar membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	137-140	kappa-type opioid receptor	Cavia porcellus	4-25
8599934-6	1996	Taken together, these data suggest that PKA phosphorylation of RhoA is a central event in mediating the cellular effects of cAMP, and support the existence of an alternative pathway for terminating RhoA signalling whereby GTP-bound RhoA, when phosphorylated, could be separated from its putative effector(s) independently of its GTP/GDP cycling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	333-336	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	63-67
8599934-6	1996	Taken together, these data suggest that PKA phosphorylation of RhoA is a central event in mediating the cellular effects of cAMP, and support the existence of an alternative pathway for terminating RhoA signalling whereby GTP-bound RhoA, when phosphorylated, could be separated from its putative effector(s) independently of its GTP/GDP cycling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	333-336	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	198-202
8599934-6	1996	Taken together, these data suggest that PKA phosphorylation of RhoA is a central event in mediating the cellular effects of cAMP, and support the existence of an alternative pathway for terminating RhoA signalling whereby GTP-bound RhoA, when phosphorylated, could be separated from its putative effector(s) independently of its GTP/GDP cycling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	333-336	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	198-202
8567662-3	1996	This effect was due to an increased UCP gene transcription rate and UCP mRNA stabilization, resulting in a higher content of immunoreactive mitochondrial UCP and functional UCP (detected by its ability to bind GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	210-213	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	36-39
8637701-4	1996	RalGDS is an exchange factor that stimulates GDP dissociation from Ral, another member of the Ras superfamily of proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	0-6
8637701-4	1996	RalGDS is an exchange factor that stimulates GDP dissociation from Ral, another member of the Ras superfamily of proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
8576155-2	1996	We previously showed that myristoylation allows some spontaneous GDP-to-GTP exchange to occur on ARF1 at physiological Mg2+ levels in the presence of phospholipid vesicles (Franco, M., Chardin, P., Chabre, M., and Paris, S. (1995) J. Biol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Bos taurus	97-101
8576155-7	1996	To accelerate GDP release from ARF1, this soluble exchange factor absolutely requires myristoylation of ARF1 and the presence of phospholipid vesicles.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Bos taurus	31-35
8576155-7	1996	To accelerate GDP release from ARF1, this soluble exchange factor absolutely requires myristoylation of ARF1 and the presence of phospholipid vesicles.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Bos taurus	104-108
8552627-3	1996	Conversion of ARF-GDP to ARF-GTP is promoted by a guanine nucleotide-exchange protein (GEP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	18-21	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 delta	Rattus norvegicus	50-85
8552627-3	1996	Conversion of ARF-GDP to ARF-GTP is promoted by a guanine nucleotide-exchange protein (GEP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	18-21	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 delta	Rattus norvegicus	87-90
8576119-1	1996	Mg2+ inhibits GDP release from Rab5WT but not from Rab5S34N, a mutant lacking Ser34 critical for Mg2+ coordination in the nucleotide binding pocket.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	mucin 7, secreted	Homo sapiens	0-3
8576119-2	1996	Thus, inhibition of GDP release is apparently exerted via coordination of Mg2+ between Rab5 and GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	mucin 7, secreted	Homo sapiens	74-77
8576119-2	1996	Thus, inhibition of GDP release is apparently exerted via coordination of Mg2+ between Rab5 and GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	87-91
8576119-2	1996	Thus, inhibition of GDP release is apparently exerted via coordination of Mg2+ between Rab5 and GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	mucin 7, secreted	Homo sapiens	74-77
8576119-3	1996	Mg2+ also induces conformational changes in Rab5WT, demonstrated by increased tryptophan fluorescence intensity and a red shift in lambda max for the GDP-bound protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	150-153	mucin 7, secreted	Homo sapiens	0-3
8576119-5	1996	The correlation between Mg2+ effects on nucleotide exchange and the fluorescence properties of Rab5 suggests that a conformation promoted through Mg2+ coordination with Ser34 also contributes to inhibition of GDP release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	209-212	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	95-99
8576119-5	1996	The correlation between Mg2+ effects on nucleotide exchange and the fluorescence properties of Rab5 suggests that a conformation promoted through Mg2+ coordination with Ser34 also contributes to inhibition of GDP release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	209-212	mucin 7, secreted	Homo sapiens	146-149
8576119-7	1996	Similar to Rab5WT, Mg2+ inhibits GDP release and alters the fluorescence of Rab5(1-198) but only partially inhibits release from Rab5(23-198) and fails to induce changes in the latter"s fluorescence properties.	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-36	mucin 7, secreted	Homo sapiens	19-22
8573175-1	1996	The GDP dissociation inhibitor Rho GDI from bovine neutrophil cytosol was purified in association with prenylated Rho A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	114-119
8567662-3	1996	This effect was due to an increased UCP gene transcription rate and UCP mRNA stabilization, resulting in a higher content of immunoreactive mitochondrial UCP and functional UCP (detected by its ability to bind GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	210-213	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	68-71
8567662-3	1996	This effect was due to an increased UCP gene transcription rate and UCP mRNA stabilization, resulting in a higher content of immunoreactive mitochondrial UCP and functional UCP (detected by its ability to bind GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	210-213	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	68-71
8567662-3	1996	This effect was due to an increased UCP gene transcription rate and UCP mRNA stabilization, resulting in a higher content of immunoreactive mitochondrial UCP and functional UCP (detected by its ability to bind GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	210-213	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	68-71
8550624-1	1996	RalGDS is a GDP/GTP exchange protein for ral p24, a member of small GTP-binding protein superfamily.	Guanosine Diphosphate	12-15	transmembrane p24 trafficking protein 2	Homo sapiens	45-48
8550624-1	1996	RalGDS is a GDP/GTP exchange protein for ral p24, a member of small GTP-binding protein superfamily.	Guanosine Diphosphate	12-15	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	0-6
8838585-1	1996	rap-1A, an anti-oncogene-encoded protein, is a ras-p21-like protein whose sequence is over 80% homologous to p21 and which interacts with the same intracellular target proteins and is activated by the same mechanisms as p21, e.g., by binding GTP in place of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	258-261	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-6
8546716-9	1996	These data describe a potential alternative mechanism for the activation of GTP-binding proteins in beta cells which contrasts with the classical receptor-agonist mechanism: G beta undergoes transient phosphorylation at a histidine residue by a GTP-specific protein kinase; this phosphate, in turn, may be transferred via a classical Ping-Pong mechanism to G alpha.GDP (inactive), yielding the active configuration G alpha.GTP in secretory granules (a strategic location to modulate exocytosis).	Guanosine Diphosphate	365-368	succinate-CoA ligase GDP-forming subunit beta	Homo sapiens	174-180
8909796-2	1996	GTPase activating proteins (p120GAP, neurofibromin and GAP1) are negative regulators that stimulate hydrolysis of bound GTP to GDP, and guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Sos and Ras-GRF) are positive regulators that stimulate the exchange of GDP bound to Ras for fresh GTP from the cytosol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	127-130	RAS p21 protein activator 1	Homo sapiens	28-35
8909796-2	1996	GTPase activating proteins (p120GAP, neurofibromin and GAP1) are negative regulators that stimulate hydrolysis of bound GTP to GDP, and guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Sos and Ras-GRF) are positive regulators that stimulate the exchange of GDP bound to Ras for fresh GTP from the cytosol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	127-130	neurofibromin 1	Homo sapiens	37-50
8909796-2	1996	GTPase activating proteins (p120GAP, neurofibromin and GAP1) are negative regulators that stimulate hydrolysis of bound GTP to GDP, and guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Sos and Ras-GRF) are positive regulators that stimulate the exchange of GDP bound to Ras for fresh GTP from the cytosol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	127-130	growth hormone releasing hormone	Homo sapiens	185-188
8909796-2	1996	GTPase activating proteins (p120GAP, neurofibromin and GAP1) are negative regulators that stimulate hydrolysis of bound GTP to GDP, and guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Sos and Ras-GRF) are positive regulators that stimulate the exchange of GDP bound to Ras for fresh GTP from the cytosol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	245-248	RAS p21 protein activator 1	Homo sapiens	28-35
8909796-2	1996	GTPase activating proteins (p120GAP, neurofibromin and GAP1) are negative regulators that stimulate hydrolysis of bound GTP to GDP, and guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Sos and Ras-GRF) are positive regulators that stimulate the exchange of GDP bound to Ras for fresh GTP from the cytosol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	245-248	neurofibromin 1	Homo sapiens	37-50
8909796-2	1996	GTPase activating proteins (p120GAP, neurofibromin and GAP1) are negative regulators that stimulate hydrolysis of bound GTP to GDP, and guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Sos and Ras-GRF) are positive regulators that stimulate the exchange of GDP bound to Ras for fresh GTP from the cytosol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	245-248	growth hormone releasing hormone	Homo sapiens	185-188
9109498-4	1996	After activation of cells with extracellular stimuli, Vav becomes phosphorylated on tyrosine residues and catalyzes the exchange of guanosine nucleotides on the GTP-binding protein Rac-1, thereby allowing the transition of this GTPase from the inactive (GDP-loaded) to the active (GTP-loaded) state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	254-257	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	54-57
9109498-4	1996	After activation of cells with extracellular stimuli, Vav becomes phosphorylated on tyrosine residues and catalyzes the exchange of guanosine nucleotides on the GTP-binding protein Rac-1, thereby allowing the transition of this GTPase from the inactive (GDP-loaded) to the active (GTP-loaded) state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	254-257	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	181-186
8838585-1	1996	rap-1A, an anti-oncogene-encoded protein, is a ras-p21-like protein whose sequence is over 80% homologous to p21 and which interacts with the same intracellular target proteins and is activated by the same mechanisms as p21, e.g., by binding GTP in place of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	258-261	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	51-54
8838585-1	1996	rap-1A, an anti-oncogene-encoded protein, is a ras-p21-like protein whose sequence is over 80% homologous to p21 and which interacts with the same intracellular target proteins and is activated by the same mechanisms as p21, e.g., by binding GTP in place of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	258-261	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
8838585-1	1996	rap-1A, an anti-oncogene-encoded protein, is a ras-p21-like protein whose sequence is over 80% homologous to p21 and which interacts with the same intracellular target proteins and is activated by the same mechanisms as p21, e.g., by binding GTP in place of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	258-261	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	109-112
8983024-6	1996	Analysis of the binding and dissociation of GTP and GDP to normal and mutated p21 expressed in Escherichia coli showed that [V12D28]p21 and [D28]p21 do not bind GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	78-81
8983024-7	1996	The dissociation rate of both GTP and GDP bound to [W28]p21 is increased, suggesting a mechanism for its transforming potential in Rat-1 cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	56-59
8727946-5	1996	Significant differences in maximum body temperature, leukocyte count, and plasma C-reactive protein concentration were observed between the GDP and UDP groups on POD 14:37.2 +/- 0.5 degrees C vs 36.9 +/- 0.3 degrees C (P = 0.019), 8,151 +/- 1,788/microliters vs 6,914 +/- 1,501/microliters (P = 0.015), and 32.6 +/- 27.5 mg/l vs 19.0 +/- 15.8 mg/l (P = 0.048), respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	81-99
8652127-2	1996	It catalyzes the exchange of chain initiation factor (eIF)-2-bound GDP for GTP and facilitates the formation of a ternary complex (eIF-2.GTP.Met-tRNAf).	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	131-136
8530380-11	1995	GTP gamma S-stimulated ATP-dependent PLD activity could be reconstituted in Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor-washed nuclei by addition of recombinant prenylated RhoA, but not by addition of non-prenylated RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	ras homolog family member A	Canis lupus familiaris	159-163
8747457-6	1995	RESULTS: Recombinant human NDP kinase B was co-crystallized with GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	27-39
8865363-4	1996	The cycle is driven by a ligand-mediated proton pump through the alpha-helices of the receptor, attachment of the conserved Tyr-Arg-Tyr receptor proton shuttle being made to an aspartate group on the Gs alpha-protein terminal sidechain, which is itself linked to the Asn-Gln interaction known to control movement and rotation of the alpha 2-helix between .GDP and .GTP structures.	Guanosine Diphosphate	356-359	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	200-208
8570171-2	1995	The Tiam1 protein shares a Dbl homology (DH) domain with an increasing number of oncoproteins, some of which have been shown to function as GDP dissociation stimulators (GDS) for small GTPases of the Rho family.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	T cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1	Mus musculus	4-9
8524215-5	1995	Expression of STP-C488 activated the ras signaling pathway as evidenced by a two- to fourfold increase in the ratio of ras-GTP to ras-GDP and by the constitutive activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	sulfotransferase family 1A member 1	Homo sapiens	14-17
8846785-5	1995	Molecular cloning of the suppressor gene revealed that the mutation occurred at the pseuodosubstrate site of PKC1, a yeast homolog of mammalian protein kinase C. Two-hybrid analysis demonstrated that GTP-Rho1p, but not GDP-Rho1p, interacted with the region of Pkc1p containing the pseudosubstrate site and the C1 domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	219-222	protein kinase C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	109-113
7577970-7	1995	The simultaneous presence of the catalytic domains of Ira2p and the yeast GDP/GTP exchange factor Cdc25p induced on Ras2p a multiple-round reaction of GTP hydrolysis and GDP/GTP exchange, showing that it is possible to reconstitute in vitro a S. cerevisiae system suitable for the study of the regulation of the Ras2p GDP/GTP cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	Ras GTPase activating protein IRA2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	54-59
7585614-2	1995	Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI3) forms a soluble complex with Rab proteins and thereby prevents the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-3
7592961-6	1995	Herein, we have used RhoGDI (GDP dissociation inhibitor), an inhibitory Rho-binding protein, to selectively extract Rho-type GTPases from the plasma membrane, and have used immunoprecipitation as well as chromatographic methods to remove cytosolic Rho.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	21-27
8722020-4	1995	Elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) undergoes a dramatic structural transition from its GDP-bound form to its active GTP-bound form, in which it binds aa-tRNA (aminoacyl-tRNA) in ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
8722020-4	1995	Elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) undergoes a dramatic structural transition from its GDP-bound form to its active GTP-bound form, in which it binds aa-tRNA (aminoacyl-tRNA) in ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	22-27
8722020-5	1995	The effects of substitution mutations at three sites in domain I of EF-Tu, Gln124, Leu120, and Tyr160, all of which point into the domain I-domain III interface in both the GTP and GDP conformations of EF-Tu, were examined.	Guanosine Diphosphate	181-184	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	68-73
8722020-5	1995	The effects of substitution mutations at three sites in domain I of EF-Tu, Gln124, Leu120, and Tyr160, all of which point into the domain I-domain III interface in both the GTP and GDP conformations of EF-Tu, were examined.	Guanosine Diphosphate	181-184	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	202-207
7489715-7	1995	The in vitro fusion reaction is inhibited either by Gdi1p, which extracts the GDP-bound form of ras-like GTPases from membranes, or by antibodies specific for Ypt7p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	Gdi1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	52-57
7592724-2	1995	Prenylated Rab9, bound to GDP dissociation inhibitor-alpha, can be recruited selectively onto a membrane fraction enriched in late endosomes; this process is accompanied by nucleotide exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	RAB9A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	11-15
7592724-4	1995	Purified, prenylated Rab1B, Rab7, and Rab9 proteins were each reconstituted as stoichiometric complexes with purified GDP dissociation inhibitor-alpha, and their recruitment onto endosome- or ER-enriched membrane fractions was quantified.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	RAB1B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	21-26
7592724-4	1995	Purified, prenylated Rab1B, Rab7, and Rab9 proteins were each reconstituted as stoichiometric complexes with purified GDP dissociation inhibitor-alpha, and their recruitment onto endosome- or ER-enriched membrane fractions was quantified.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	RAB9A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	38-42
8607982-5	1995	Other aspects of Ras p21 regulation will be discussed, including the existence of RasGDl proteins that inhibit GDP dissociation from Ras, and may thus regulate the level of active Ras in the cell.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	21-24
8521955-5	1995	A set of point mutations, which simulate the GDP or GTP bound conformation, was introduced into the rab6 cDNA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	RAB6A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	100-104
7592935-0	1995	GDP dissociation inhibitor serves as a cytosolic acceptor for newly synthesized and prenylated Rab5.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	95-99
8747433-9	1995	However, they still differ in structure at specific amino acid residues rather than in whole regions, in contradistinction to the results found for the p21-GDP complexes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	152-155
7577970-7	1995	The simultaneous presence of the catalytic domains of Ira2p and the yeast GDP/GTP exchange factor Cdc25p induced on Ras2p a multiple-round reaction of GTP hydrolysis and GDP/GTP exchange, showing that it is possible to reconstitute in vitro a S. cerevisiae system suitable for the study of the regulation of the Ras2p GDP/GTP cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	98-104
7577970-7	1995	The simultaneous presence of the catalytic domains of Ira2p and the yeast GDP/GTP exchange factor Cdc25p induced on Ras2p a multiple-round reaction of GTP hydrolysis and GDP/GTP exchange, showing that it is possible to reconstitute in vitro a S. cerevisiae system suitable for the study of the regulation of the Ras2p GDP/GTP cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	116-121
7577970-7	1995	The simultaneous presence of the catalytic domains of Ira2p and the yeast GDP/GTP exchange factor Cdc25p induced on Ras2p a multiple-round reaction of GTP hydrolysis and GDP/GTP exchange, showing that it is possible to reconstitute in vitro a S. cerevisiae system suitable for the study of the regulation of the Ras2p GDP/GTP cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	312-317
7577970-7	1995	The simultaneous presence of the catalytic domains of Ira2p and the yeast GDP/GTP exchange factor Cdc25p induced on Ras2p a multiple-round reaction of GTP hydrolysis and GDP/GTP exchange, showing that it is possible to reconstitute in vitro a S. cerevisiae system suitable for the study of the regulation of the Ras2p GDP/GTP cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-173	Ras GTPase activating protein IRA2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	54-59
7577970-7	1995	The simultaneous presence of the catalytic domains of Ira2p and the yeast GDP/GTP exchange factor Cdc25p induced on Ras2p a multiple-round reaction of GTP hydrolysis and GDP/GTP exchange, showing that it is possible to reconstitute in vitro a S. cerevisiae system suitable for the study of the regulation of the Ras2p GDP/GTP cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-173	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	98-104
7577970-7	1995	The simultaneous presence of the catalytic domains of Ira2p and the yeast GDP/GTP exchange factor Cdc25p induced on Ras2p a multiple-round reaction of GTP hydrolysis and GDP/GTP exchange, showing that it is possible to reconstitute in vitro a S. cerevisiae system suitable for the study of the regulation of the Ras2p GDP/GTP cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-173	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	116-121
7577970-7	1995	The simultaneous presence of the catalytic domains of Ira2p and the yeast GDP/GTP exchange factor Cdc25p induced on Ras2p a multiple-round reaction of GTP hydrolysis and GDP/GTP exchange, showing that it is possible to reconstitute in vitro a S. cerevisiae system suitable for the study of the regulation of the Ras2p GDP/GTP cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-173	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	312-317
7592625-2	1995	When excited at 290 nm, Rab5 displays emission maxima at 339.7 nm for the GDP-bound and 336.7 nm for the GTP gamma S-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	24-28
7556531-2	1995	It catalyzes the exchange of eukaryotic chain initiation factor (eIF)-2-bound GDP for GTP and facilitates the recycling of eIF-2 during polypeptide chain initiation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	123-128
7592609-1	1995	The product of the Escherichia coli orf1.9, or yefc, gene (GenBank accession number L11721) has been expressed under the control of a T7 promoter, purified to apparent homogeneity, and identified as a novel enzyme that hydrolyzes GDP-mannose or GDP-glucose to GDP and the respective hexose.	Guanosine Diphosphate	230-233	hypothetical protein	Escherichia coli	36-42
7548002-5	1995	The affinities of RCC1 to Ran.GDP and Ran.GTP are similar (1.3 x 10(5) and 1.8 x 10(5) M-1, respectively) and are high enough to allow formation of the ternary complex under appropriate concentration conditions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	18-22
7548002-5	1995	The affinities of RCC1 to Ran.GDP and Ran.GTP are similar (1.3 x 10(5) and 1.8 x 10(5) M-1, respectively) and are high enough to allow formation of the ternary complex under appropriate concentration conditions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	26-29
7548002-6	1995	In the absence of excess nucleotide and at low Ran concentrations, GDP (or GTP) can be efficiently displaced by excess RCC1 and the ternary complex can be produced.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	47-50
7548002-6	1995	In the absence of excess nucleotide and at low Ran concentrations, GDP (or GTP) can be efficiently displaced by excess RCC1 and the ternary complex can be produced.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	119-123
7548002-7	1995	The affinities of both nucleotides (GDP or GTP) to Ran in the corresponding ternary complexes are reduced by orders of magnitude in comparison with the respective binary complexes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	51-54
7548002-9	1995	The quantitative results of the kinetic analysis suggest that the exchange reaction does not per se favor the formation of the Ran.GTP complex, but rather accelerates the formation of the equilibrium dictated by the relative affinities of Ran for GDP/GTP and the respective concentrations of the nucleotide in the cell.	Guanosine Diphosphate	247-251	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	239-242
7556531-7	1995	This is diagnostic for the presence of eIF-2 alpha(P)-GDP in cell lysates and suggests that regulation of GEF activity may occur by one or more mechanisms other than eIF-2(alpha) phosphorylation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	39-44
7556531-7	1995	This is diagnostic for the presence of eIF-2 alpha(P)-GDP in cell lysates and suggests that regulation of GEF activity may occur by one or more mechanisms other than eIF-2(alpha) phosphorylation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	106-109
8576094-6	1995	p23A, p23B, and p26 hydrolyzed GTP to GDP as well as MTG33 did.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	transmembrane p24 trafficking protein 4	Mus musculus	16-19
7565673-4	1995	Cdc42p is required for alpha-factor-induced activation of FUS1.cdc24ts strains defective for Cdc42p GDP/GTP exchange show no pheromone induction at restrictive temperatures but are partially rescued by overexpression of Cdc42p, which is potentiated by Cdc42p12V mutants.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-6
7565673-4	1995	Cdc42p is required for alpha-factor-induced activation of FUS1.cdc24ts strains defective for Cdc42p GDP/GTP exchange show no pheromone induction at restrictive temperatures but are partially rescued by overexpression of Cdc42p, which is potentiated by Cdc42p12V mutants.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	Fus1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	58-62
7565673-4	1995	Cdc42p is required for alpha-factor-induced activation of FUS1.cdc24ts strains defective for Cdc42p GDP/GTP exchange show no pheromone induction at restrictive temperatures but are partially rescued by overexpression of Cdc42p, which is potentiated by Cdc42p12V mutants.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	93-99
7565673-4	1995	Cdc42p is required for alpha-factor-induced activation of FUS1.cdc24ts strains defective for Cdc42p GDP/GTP exchange show no pheromone induction at restrictive temperatures but are partially rescued by overexpression of Cdc42p, which is potentiated by Cdc42p12V mutants.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	93-99
8520487-1	1995	Computer-assisted analysis of amino acid sequences using methods for database screening with individual sequences and with multiple alignment blocks reveals a complex multidomain organization of yeast proteins GCD6 and GCD1, and mammalian homolog of GCD6-subunits of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF-2B involved in GDP/GTP exchange on eIF-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	331-334	translation initiation factor eIF2B catalytic subunit epsilon	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	210-214
7547942-0	1995	Molecular dynamics simulation of the solution structures of Ha-ras-p21 GDP and GTP complexes: flexibility, possible hinges, and levers of the conformational transition.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	67-70
7547942-1	1995	Unconstrained molecular dynamics simulations of the GDP and GTP complexes of Ha-ras p21 protein are performed in aqueous environment for 500 ps, using the GROMOS force field.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
7630628-8	1995	Q61L-Ras-GDP was almost as effective as wild type Ras-GMPPNP in the in vitro activation of MEK1 and MAP kinase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1	Homo sapiens	91-95
8593186-0	1995	Comparison of the computed three-dimensional structures of oncogenic forms (bound to GDP) of the ras-gene-encoded p21 protein with the structure of the normal (non-transforming) wild-type protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	114-117
8593186-3	1995	To determine the effects of these substitutions on the three-dimensional structure of the whole p21 protein, we have performed molecular dynamics calculations on each of these three proteins bound to GDP and magnesium ion to compute the average structures of each of the three forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	200-203	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	96-99
7547978-2	1995	Formation of a complex with nucleotide-free H-ras p21 could be analyzed on native gel electrophoresis by combining C-CDC25Mm and p21.GDP, as the result of the fast separation of GDP from p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
7547978-2	1995	Formation of a complex with nucleotide-free H-ras p21 could be analyzed on native gel electrophoresis by combining C-CDC25Mm and p21.GDP, as the result of the fast separation of GDP from p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	178-181	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
7547978-3	1995	Therefore, in order to obtain highly purified heterodimer in preparative amounts, p21.GDP and C-CDC25Mm were exposed to an electric field and the complex purified by anionic chromatography.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	82-85
7547978-8	1995	The "on-rate" of the nucleotide on the p21.C-CDC25Mm complex was similar for GDP and GTP and was little increased vs that on p21 alone.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	39-42
7673108-1	1995	Activation of Ras by the exchange of bound GDP for GTP is predominantly catalyzed by the guanylnucleotide exchange factor SOS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	xylosyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens	122-125
7552752-0	1995	The structure of rat ADP-ribosylation factor-1 (ARF-1) complexed to GDP determined from two different crystal forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	ADP-ribosylation factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	21-46
7552752-0	1995	The structure of rat ADP-ribosylation factor-1 (ARF-1) complexed to GDP determined from two different crystal forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	ADP-ribosylation factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	48-53
7552752-1	1995	The ARFs are a family of 21,000 M(r) proteins with biological roles in constitutive secretion and activation of phospholipase D. The structure of ARF-1 complexed to GDP determined from two crystal forms reveals a topology that is similar to that of the protein p21 ras with two differences: an additional amino-terminal helix and an extra beta-strand.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	ADP-ribosylation factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	146-151
7552752-1	1995	The ARFs are a family of 21,000 M(r) proteins with biological roles in constitutive secretion and activation of phospholipase D. The structure of ARF-1 complexed to GDP determined from two crystal forms reveals a topology that is similar to that of the protein p21 ras with two differences: an additional amino-terminal helix and an extra beta-strand.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	261-264
7641877-9	1995	A positive regulation of RAS is carried out by CDC25 product which facilitates the GDP/GTP exchange on RAS proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	47-52
7608150-3	1995	The dSos catalytic domain (residues 758-1125), expressed without the dSos NH2-terminal (residues 1-757) or adaptor-binding COOH-terminal (residues 1126-1596) regions, exhibits intrinsic exchange activity as evidenced by its rescue of mutant Saccharomyces cerevisiae deficient in endogenous GTP/GDP exchange activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	294-297	Son of sevenless	Drosophila melanogaster	4-8
8520487-1	1995	Computer-assisted analysis of amino acid sequences using methods for database screening with individual sequences and with multiple alignment blocks reveals a complex multidomain organization of yeast proteins GCD6 and GCD1, and mammalian homolog of GCD6-subunits of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF-2B involved in GDP/GTP exchange on eIF-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	331-334	translation initiation factor eIF2B subunit gamma	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	219-223
8520487-1	1995	Computer-assisted analysis of amino acid sequences using methods for database screening with individual sequences and with multiple alignment blocks reveals a complex multidomain organization of yeast proteins GCD6 and GCD1, and mammalian homolog of GCD6-subunits of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF-2B involved in GDP/GTP exchange on eIF-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	331-334	translation initiation factor eIF2B catalytic subunit epsilon	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	250-254
7483844-3	1995	The purified ras1 protein showed a remarkably high Kd value for GDP binding (178 nM) and for binding with ATP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	Ras family GTPase RAS1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	13-17
7796906-2	1995	Upon exchange of bound GDP for GTP in the SCG1 subunit, the release of STE4/STE18 dimer occurs which, in turn causes activation of downstream effectors leading growth arrest and mating competence.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	42-46
7796906-2	1995	Upon exchange of bound GDP for GTP in the SCG1 subunit, the release of STE4/STE18 dimer occurs which, in turn causes activation of downstream effectors leading growth arrest and mating competence.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	G protein subunit beta	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	71-75
7796906-2	1995	Upon exchange of bound GDP for GTP in the SCG1 subunit, the release of STE4/STE18 dimer occurs which, in turn causes activation of downstream effectors leading growth arrest and mating competence.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	Ste18p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	76-81
7782302-0	1995	The C terminus of the nuclear RAN/TC4 GTPase stabilizes the GDP-bound state and mediates interactions with RCC1, RAN-GAP, and HTF9A/RANBP1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	30-33
7782302-0	1995	The C terminus of the nuclear RAN/TC4 GTPase stabilizes the GDP-bound state and mediates interactions with RCC1, RAN-GAP, and HTF9A/RANBP1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	34-37
7782317-1	1995	The elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) is a member of the GTP/GDP-binding proteins and interacts with various partners during the elongation cycle of protein biosynthesis thereby mediating the correct binding of amino-acylated transfer RNA (aa-tRNA) to the acceptor site (A-site) of the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	4-24
7782302-0	1995	The C terminus of the nuclear RAN/TC4 GTPase stabilizes the GDP-bound state and mediates interactions with RCC1, RAN-GAP, and HTF9A/RANBP1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	113-116
7782317-1	1995	The elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) is a member of the GTP/GDP-binding proteins and interacts with various partners during the elongation cycle of protein biosynthesis thereby mediating the correct binding of amino-acylated transfer RNA (aa-tRNA) to the acceptor site (A-site) of the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	26-31
7782317-2	1995	After GTP hydrolysis EF-Tu is released in its GDP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	21-26
7782346-1	1995	Identification of a novel mouse GDP dissociation inhibitor isoform and two other potential partners of Rab6.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	RAB6A, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	103-107
7782302-0	1995	The C terminus of the nuclear RAN/TC4 GTPase stabilizes the GDP-bound state and mediates interactions with RCC1, RAN-GAP, and HTF9A/RANBP1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	RAN binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	126-131
7782347-5	1995	Arf1 mutants, lacking 13 or 17 residues from the N terminus or mutated at residues 3-7, had a greater affinity for GTP gamma S and a lower affinity for GDP than did the wild-type protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	152-155	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
7782302-0	1995	The C terminus of the nuclear RAN/TC4 GTPase stabilizes the GDP-bound state and mediates interactions with RCC1, RAN-GAP, and HTF9A/RANBP1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	RAN binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	132-138
7782347-8	1995	In the absence of phospholipids, myristoylated Arf1 has a lower affinity for GTP gamma S than for GDP, and in the presence of phospholipids, the myristoylated protein has a greater affinity for GTP gamma S than for GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	47-51
7782347-8	1995	In the absence of phospholipids, myristoylated Arf1 has a lower affinity for GTP gamma S than for GDP, and in the presence of phospholipids, the myristoylated protein has a greater affinity for GTP gamma S than for GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	215-218	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	47-51
7782302-5	1995	We demonstrate here that the -DEDDDL sequence stabilizes GDP binding to Ran, and that the domain is required for high affinity interaction with a Ran-binding protein, HTF9A/RanBP1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	72-75
7782302-5	1995	We demonstrate here that the -DEDDDL sequence stabilizes GDP binding to Ran, and that the domain is required for high affinity interaction with a Ran-binding protein, HTF9A/RanBP1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	146-149
7782302-5	1995	We demonstrate here that the -DEDDDL sequence stabilizes GDP binding to Ran, and that the domain is required for high affinity interaction with a Ran-binding protein, HTF9A/RanBP1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	RAN binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	167-172
7782302-5	1995	We demonstrate here that the -DEDDDL sequence stabilizes GDP binding to Ran, and that the domain is required for high affinity interaction with a Ran-binding protein, HTF9A/RanBP1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	RAN binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	173-179
7539429-9	1995	Competitive binding studies with nonlabeled nucleotides revealed a similar binding preference of His-MxA for GTP over GDP: the Kd for GTP was 20 microM, whereas the Kd for GDP was 100 microM.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	MX dynamin like GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	101-104
7539429-9	1995	Competitive binding studies with nonlabeled nucleotides revealed a similar binding preference of His-MxA for GTP over GDP: the Kd for GTP was 20 microM, whereas the Kd for GDP was 100 microM.	Guanosine Diphosphate	172-175	MX dynamin like GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	101-104
7647555-1	1995	The relaxation rates of the multiple-quantum coherence for the amide hydrogen of Gly13 in ras p21.GDP were determined in the presence and absence of 17O labeling in the beta-phosphate of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	94-97
7779099-3	1995	Purified Rab GDI beta showed the kinetic properties similar to those of Rab GDI alpha, including the inhibitory effect on the dissociation of GDP from Rab3A, the substrate specificity, the requirement of the post-translational lipid modifications of Rab3A, the stoichiometric interaction with the GDP-bound form of Rab3A, the inhibitory effect on the binding of Rab3A to erythrocyte ghosts, and the stimulatory effect on the dissociation of Rab3A from the membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	142-145	GDP dissociation inhibitor 2	Rattus norvegicus	9-21
7779099-3	1995	Purified Rab GDI beta showed the kinetic properties similar to those of Rab GDI alpha, including the inhibitory effect on the dissociation of GDP from Rab3A, the substrate specificity, the requirement of the post-translational lipid modifications of Rab3A, the stoichiometric interaction with the GDP-bound form of Rab3A, the inhibitory effect on the binding of Rab3A to erythrocyte ghosts, and the stimulatory effect on the dissociation of Rab3A from the membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	142-145	GDP dissociation inhibitor 1	Rattus norvegicus	72-85
7779099-3	1995	Purified Rab GDI beta showed the kinetic properties similar to those of Rab GDI alpha, including the inhibitory effect on the dissociation of GDP from Rab3A, the substrate specificity, the requirement of the post-translational lipid modifications of Rab3A, the stoichiometric interaction with the GDP-bound form of Rab3A, the inhibitory effect on the binding of Rab3A to erythrocyte ghosts, and the stimulatory effect on the dissociation of Rab3A from the membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	142-145	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	151-156
7779099-3	1995	Purified Rab GDI beta showed the kinetic properties similar to those of Rab GDI alpha, including the inhibitory effect on the dissociation of GDP from Rab3A, the substrate specificity, the requirement of the post-translational lipid modifications of Rab3A, the stoichiometric interaction with the GDP-bound form of Rab3A, the inhibitory effect on the binding of Rab3A to erythrocyte ghosts, and the stimulatory effect on the dissociation of Rab3A from the membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	297-300	GDP dissociation inhibitor 2	Rattus norvegicus	9-21
7779099-3	1995	Purified Rab GDI beta showed the kinetic properties similar to those of Rab GDI alpha, including the inhibitory effect on the dissociation of GDP from Rab3A, the substrate specificity, the requirement of the post-translational lipid modifications of Rab3A, the stoichiometric interaction with the GDP-bound form of Rab3A, the inhibitory effect on the binding of Rab3A to erythrocyte ghosts, and the stimulatory effect on the dissociation of Rab3A from the membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	297-300	GDP dissociation inhibitor 1	Rattus norvegicus	72-85
7737967-6	1995	We have developed a system whereby signals leading to Rap1b activation, i.e. an increase in Rap1b-bound GTP/GDP ratio, can be measured.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	RAP1B, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	54-59
7744835-4	1995	Like all ras-related GTP-binding proteins, Gsp1p undergoes cycles of GTP hydrolysis and GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	Ran GTPase GSP1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	43-48
7744738-2	1995	Rab9 occurs in the cytosol as a complex with GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), which we have shown delivers prenyl Rab9 to late endosomes in a functional form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	RAB9A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-4
7744738-2	1995	Rab9 occurs in the cytosol as a complex with GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), which we have shown delivers prenyl Rab9 to late endosomes in a functional form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	RAB9A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	115-119
7744738-6	1995	GDI-alpha inhibited GDP dissociation from prenyl Rab9 by 2.4-fold.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	RAB9A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	49-53
7744738-10	1995	Finally, a previously uncharacterized minor form of GDI-alpha inhibited GDP dissociation from prenyl Rab9 by 1.9-fold and bound prenyl Rab9 with a KD of 67 nM in 0.1% Lubrol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	RAB9A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	101-105
7537741-3	1995	In this paper, we show that the MAP kinase/cytosolic phospholipase A2 pathway is linked to Fc epsilon R1 via the cytosolic tyrosine kinase, Syk, and that the GDP/GTP exchange factor, Vav, might be one candidate for accomplishing this link.	Guanosine Diphosphate	158-161	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	43-69
7537741-3	1995	In this paper, we show that the MAP kinase/cytosolic phospholipase A2 pathway is linked to Fc epsilon R1 via the cytosolic tyrosine kinase, Syk, and that the GDP/GTP exchange factor, Vav, might be one candidate for accomplishing this link.	Guanosine Diphosphate	158-161	spleen associated tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	140-143
7537741-3	1995	In this paper, we show that the MAP kinase/cytosolic phospholipase A2 pathway is linked to Fc epsilon R1 via the cytosolic tyrosine kinase, Syk, and that the GDP/GTP exchange factor, Vav, might be one candidate for accomplishing this link.	Guanosine Diphosphate	158-161	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	183-186
7737967-6	1995	We have developed a system whereby signals leading to Rap1b activation, i.e. an increase in Rap1b-bound GTP/GDP ratio, can be measured.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	RAP1B, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	92-97
7733927-5	1995	The NDPK substrate GDP enhanced the relative stimulatory effect of LPs and MP on GTP hydrolysis in HL-60 membranes in the absence of a NTP-regenerating system.	Guanosine Diphosphate	19-22	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	4-8
7733927-9	1995	Finally, LP- and MP-induced NDPK activation may involve different pools of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	28-32
7706235-4	1995	Circular dichroism analysis reveals that NO induces a profound conformational change in p21ras in association with GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	88-94
7721742-7	1995	Rho-specific GDP dissociation inhibitor inhibited GTP gamma S stimulation of membrane PLD activity in the presence and absence of cytosol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	13-16	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	86-89
7721742-8	1995	The stimulation in GDP dissociation inhibitor-treated membranes could be partially recovered by the addition of recombinant Rho proteins (RhoA, Rac1, CDC42Hs).	Guanosine Diphosphate	19-22	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	138-142
7721742-8	1995	The stimulation in GDP dissociation inhibitor-treated membranes could be partially recovered by the addition of recombinant Rho proteins (RhoA, Rac1, CDC42Hs).	Guanosine Diphosphate	19-22	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	144-148
7721742-8	1995	The stimulation in GDP dissociation inhibitor-treated membranes could be partially recovered by the addition of recombinant Rho proteins (RhoA, Rac1, CDC42Hs).	Guanosine Diphosphate	19-22	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	150-157
7731688-2	1995	Tiam1 encodes a novel protein which shares a Dbl-homology (DH) domain with GDP dissociation stimulator-(GDS) proteins that activate Rho-like GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	TIAM Rac1 associated GEF 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
7891706-2	1995	Like other small GTPases, Ran appears to function as a switch: Ran-GTP and Ran-GDP levels are regulated both by guanine nucleotide exchange factors and GTPase activating proteins, and Ran-GTP and Ran-GDP interact differentially with one or more effectors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	26-29
7891706-2	1995	Like other small GTPases, Ran appears to function as a switch: Ran-GTP and Ran-GDP levels are regulated both by guanine nucleotide exchange factors and GTPase activating proteins, and Ran-GTP and Ran-GDP interact differentially with one or more effectors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	200-203	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	26-29
7891706-2	1995	Like other small GTPases, Ran appears to function as a switch: Ran-GTP and Ran-GDP levels are regulated both by guanine nucleotide exchange factors and GTPase activating proteins, and Ran-GTP and Ran-GDP interact differentially with one or more effectors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	200-203	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	63-66
7891706-2	1995	Like other small GTPases, Ran appears to function as a switch: Ran-GTP and Ran-GDP levels are regulated both by guanine nucleotide exchange factors and GTPase activating proteins, and Ran-GTP and Ran-GDP interact differentially with one or more effectors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	200-203	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	63-66
7891706-2	1995	Like other small GTPases, Ran appears to function as a switch: Ran-GTP and Ran-GDP levels are regulated both by guanine nucleotide exchange factors and GTPase activating proteins, and Ran-GTP and Ran-GDP interact differentially with one or more effectors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	200-203	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	63-66
7891706-2	1995	Like other small GTPases, Ran appears to function as a switch: Ran-GTP and Ran-GDP levels are regulated both by guanine nucleotide exchange factors and GTPase activating proteins, and Ran-GTP and Ran-GDP interact differentially with one or more effectors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	200-203	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	63-66
7727415-3	1995	We have shown previously that truncation of 14 amino acids from the C-terminus of G alpha o decreased the apparent affinity for GDP and permitted us to see an activated conformation with GTP [Denker, B. M., et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	G protein subunit alpha o1	Homo sapiens	82-91
7727415-8	1995	The phenotype of truncated G alpha i2 was different from that of truncated G alpha o: GDP affinity was reduced, but we could not detect an activated conformation with GTP (although GTP gamma S activated normally).	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	G protein subunit alpha o1	Homo sapiens	75-84
7713918-1	1995	A GDP-fucose-protected, N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive site in FucT-III and FucT-V corresponds to Ser178 in FucT-IV.	Guanosine Diphosphate	2-5	fucosyltransferase 3 (Lewis blood group)	Homo sapiens	59-67
7713918-1	1995	A GDP-fucose-protected, N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive site in FucT-III and FucT-V corresponds to Ser178 in FucT-IV.	Guanosine Diphosphate	2-5	fucosyltransferase 5	Homo sapiens	72-78
7713918-1	1995	A GDP-fucose-protected, N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive site in FucT-III and FucT-V corresponds to Ser178 in FucT-IV.	Guanosine Diphosphate	2-5	fucosyltransferase 4	Homo sapiens	104-111
7713918-6	1995	Recombinant forms of both FucT-III and FucT-V were irreversibly inactivated by N-ethylmaleimide and could be effectively protected from inactivation by GDP-fucose and GDP but not by UDP-galactose, fucose, or N-acetyllactosamine.	Guanosine Diphosphate	152-155	fucosyltransferase 3 (Lewis blood group)	Homo sapiens	26-34
7713918-6	1995	Recombinant forms of both FucT-III and FucT-V were irreversibly inactivated by N-ethylmaleimide and could be effectively protected from inactivation by GDP-fucose and GDP but not by UDP-galactose, fucose, or N-acetyllactosamine.	Guanosine Diphosphate	152-155	fucosyltransferase 5	Homo sapiens	39-45
7542769-13	1995	Furthermore, coincubation of the acini with CCK8, EGF, and GDP revealed that GDP reduces the inhibitory effect of EGF on CCK8-induced IP3(1,4,5) production.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	114-117
7885480-0	1995	Crystal structure of the nuclear Ras-related protein Ran in its GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	53-56
7885480-1	1995	The Ran proteins constitute a distinct branch of the superfamily of Ras-related GTP-binding proteins which function as molecular switches cycling between GTP-bound "on" and GDP-bound "off" states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	173-176	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	4-7
7885480-3	1995	We report here the crystal structure at 2.3 A resolution of human Ran (Mr 24K) complexed with GDP and Mg2+.	Guanosine Diphosphate	94-97	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	66-69
7708758-6	1995	Two sets of chimeras were constructed that together indicated that as few as 6 amino acids near the carboxyl terminus of Rho GDI could impart full GDP dissociation inhibition and membrane dissociation activities on the LD4 molecule.	Guanosine Diphosphate	147-150	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	121-128
7708774-4	1995	Purified mutant recombinant ARF1 lacking the first 13 amino acids (r delta 13ARF1-P) stimulated cholera toxin activity essentially equally with or without added GTP (and phospholipid or detergent), at least in part due to the presence of bound nucleotides, which later were identified as GTP and GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	296-299	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
7708774-6	1995	Renaturation of r delta 13ARF1-F in the presence of GTP, ITP, or GDP yielded, respectively, r delta 13ARF1-GTP and r delta 13ARF1-ITP, which were active, and r delta 13ARF1-GDP, which was inactive.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	26-30
7780113-2	1995	NDPK alone stimulated PLC activity, as well as the stimulation in the presence of GTP and GDP, in a dose-dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	nucleoside diphosphate kinase	Meleagris gallopavo	0-4
7708774-6	1995	Renaturation of r delta 13ARF1-F in the presence of GTP, ITP, or GDP yielded, respectively, r delta 13ARF1-GTP and r delta 13ARF1-ITP, which were active, and r delta 13ARF1-GDP, which was inactive.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	102-106
7708774-6	1995	Renaturation of r delta 13ARF1-F in the presence of GTP, ITP, or GDP yielded, respectively, r delta 13ARF1-GTP and r delta 13ARF1-ITP, which were active, and r delta 13ARF1-GDP, which was inactive.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	102-106
7708774-6	1995	Renaturation of r delta 13ARF1-F in the presence of GTP, ITP, or GDP yielded, respectively, r delta 13ARF1-GTP and r delta 13ARF1-ITP, which were active, and r delta 13ARF1-GDP, which was inactive.	Guanosine Diphosphate	173-176	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	26-30
7890612-3	1995	The single-step catalytic rate of Rab5 WT exceeded that of Q79L 12.2-fold, but the steady-state GTPase rate was only 2.8-fold greater because GDP dissociation was rate-limiting and GDP dissociation was 3.6-fold slower than for Q79L.	Guanosine Diphosphate	181-184	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	34-38
7890612-8	1995	Rab5 N133I underwent no apparent proteolysis with 10 mM GTP or GDP, suggesting a "triphosphate" conformation may be induced in Rab5 N133I by either GTP or GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	155-158	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-4
7890612-8	1995	Rab5 N133I underwent no apparent proteolysis with 10 mM GTP or GDP, suggesting a "triphosphate" conformation may be induced in Rab5 N133I by either GTP or GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	155-158	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	127-131
7852367-4	1995	The affinity of RBD for effector region mutants or the GDP-bound form of p21ras is in the micromolar range, which means that 100-fold lower affinity is not sufficient for signal transduction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	73-79
7773187-1	1995	Haemoblobin (Hb) was observed to inhibit the GDP/GTP exchange activity of a low M(r) GTP-binding protein, ram p25.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 3	Homo sapiens	85-104
7773187-1	1995	Haemoblobin (Hb) was observed to inhibit the GDP/GTP exchange activity of a low M(r) GTP-binding protein, ram p25.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	tubulin polymerization promoting protein	Homo sapiens	110-113
7852400-6	1995	Rho GDP/GTP exchange inhibitor, Rho GDI, comigrated with Rac2 and RhoA, but not Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	32-39
7852400-6	1995	Rho GDP/GTP exchange inhibitor, Rho GDI, comigrated with Rac2 and RhoA, but not Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	57-61
7852400-6	1995	Rho GDP/GTP exchange inhibitor, Rho GDI, comigrated with Rac2 and RhoA, but not Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	66-70
7878053-1	1995	RanGAP1 is the GTPase activator for the nuclear Ras-related regulatory protein Ran, converting it to the putatively inactive GDP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	Ran GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-7
7819259-6	1995	The Ran(T24N) mutant, which is analogous to the S17N mutant of p21ras, has decreased relative affinities for both GDP/GTP and favors GDP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	4-7
7867790-3	1995	Here we show that SAP90 specifically binds GMP in the micromolar range while binding to ATP, GDP and ADP is at a much lower affinity (10-25 mM), whether or not binding is detected for other guanine and adenine nucleotides.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	discs large MAGUK scaffold protein 4	Homo sapiens	18-23
7882974-3	1995	In a search for further members of the RCC1-Ran signal pathway, we have identified proteins of 23, 45 and 300 kDa which tightly bind to Ran-GTP but not Ran-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	regulator of chromosome condensation 1	Homo sapiens	39-43
7833480-12	1995	production by the differentiated cell line expressing GTPase-defective V12 Rap1a was also significantly inhibited, a finding that is consistent with a requirement for cycling between guanosine diphosphate- and GTP-bound forms of Rap1a for continuous NADPH oxidase activation in intact neutrophils.	Guanosine Diphosphate	183-204	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	75-80
7833480-12	1995	production by the differentiated cell line expressing GTPase-defective V12 Rap1a was also significantly inhibited, a finding that is consistent with a requirement for cycling between guanosine diphosphate- and GTP-bound forms of Rap1a for continuous NADPH oxidase activation in intact neutrophils.	Guanosine Diphosphate	183-204	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	229-234
7819254-1	1995	The interaction of the protein product of the H-ras oncogene with a series of nucleoside di- and triphosphates has been examined to investigate the tolerance of the active site to departures from the GTP or GDP structures.	Guanosine Diphosphate	207-210	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	46-51
7836400-7	1995	In contrast to the nonacylated protein, the GDP-bound form of myr-ARF1 interacts with phospholipids, as demonstrated by its cosedimentation with phospholipid vesicles and its comigration with phospholipid/cholate micelles on gel filtration.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Bos taurus	66-70
7819259-6	1995	The Ran(T24N) mutant, which is analogous to the S17N mutant of p21ras, has decreased relative affinities for both GDP/GTP and favors GDP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	63-69
7819259-6	1995	The Ran(T24N) mutant, which is analogous to the S17N mutant of p21ras, has decreased relative affinities for both GDP/GTP and favors GDP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	4-7
7819259-6	1995	The Ran(T24N) mutant, which is analogous to the S17N mutant of p21ras, has decreased relative affinities for both GDP/GTP and favors GDP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	63-69
7476460-0	1995	Solubilization of Cdc42Hs from membranes by Rho-GDP dissociation inhibitor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	18-25
7851417-1	1995	A fluorescent analogue of GDP, the 3"-O-anthraniloyl-GDP (anl-GDP) was demonstrated to bind to the elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) with an affinity even higher than that of the parent nucleotide.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	99-119
7851417-1	1995	A fluorescent analogue of GDP, the 3"-O-anthraniloyl-GDP (anl-GDP) was demonstrated to bind to the elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) with an affinity even higher than that of the parent nucleotide.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	121-126
7851417-4	1995	In this way, it was also easily proven that, in the presence of aurodox (N-methylkirromycin), an antibiotic impairing EF-Tu biological function, the exchange kinetics between the protein-bound labeled GDP and the natural nucleotide was faster.	Guanosine Diphosphate	201-204	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	118-123
7818528-6	1995	Highly purified CDC25Mm 1005-1260, expressed in E. coli using the pMAL system, enhanced the GDP release from both H-ras p21 and S. cerevisiae Ras2p and its activity was nearly as high as that of CDC25Mm 974-1260.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	RAS protein-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 1	Mus musculus	16-23
7818528-6	1995	Highly purified CDC25Mm 1005-1260, expressed in E. coli using the pMAL system, enhanced the GDP release from both H-ras p21 and S. cerevisiae Ras2p and its activity was nearly as high as that of CDC25Mm 974-1260.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	114-119
7818528-6	1995	Highly purified CDC25Mm 1005-1260, expressed in E. coli using the pMAL system, enhanced the GDP release from both H-ras p21 and S. cerevisiae Ras2p and its activity was nearly as high as that of CDC25Mm 974-1260.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	142-147
7851434-3	1995	The highly purified (greater than 95%) stable fusion protein, obtained by affinity chromatography, was very active in enhancing the dissociation rate or the GDP/GTP exchange of the GDP complex of Ras2p or human H-ras p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	157-160	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	196-201
7851434-3	1995	The highly purified (greater than 95%) stable fusion protein, obtained by affinity chromatography, was very active in enhancing the dissociation rate or the GDP/GTP exchange of the GDP complex of Ras2p or human H-ras p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	181-184	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	196-201
7851434-3	1995	The highly purified (greater than 95%) stable fusion protein, obtained by affinity chromatography, was very active in enhancing the dissociation rate or the GDP/GTP exchange of the GDP complex of Ras2p or human H-ras p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	181-184	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	217-220
7851434-5	1995	The stimulation of the guanine nucleotide release by Sdc25p-C was stronger for Ras2p.GDP than Ras2p.GTP, an effect that was less pronounced in the case of the p21 complexes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	SDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	53-59
7851434-5	1995	The stimulation of the guanine nucleotide release by Sdc25p-C was stronger for Ras2p.GDP than Ras2p.GTP, an effect that was less pronounced in the case of the p21 complexes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	79-84
7851434-6	1995	The association rate of the Ras2p.GDP (GTP) complex was also enhanced by Sdc25p-C. Monovalent and divalent salts inhibit the nucleotide-releasing activity of Sdc25p-C.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	28-33
7851434-6	1995	The association rate of the Ras2p.GDP (GTP) complex was also enhanced by Sdc25p-C. Monovalent and divalent salts inhibit the nucleotide-releasing activity of Sdc25p-C.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	SDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	73-79
7851434-6	1995	The association rate of the Ras2p.GDP (GTP) complex was also enhanced by Sdc25p-C. Monovalent and divalent salts inhibit the nucleotide-releasing activity of Sdc25p-C.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	SDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	158-164
7851434-10	1995	On gel filtration, truncated Sdc25p-C and nucleotide-free Ras2p (or p21) formed a stable 1:1 stoichiometric complex that was dissociated by increasing concentrations of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	169-172	SDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	29-35
7851434-10	1995	On gel filtration, truncated Sdc25p-C and nucleotide-free Ras2p (or p21) formed a stable 1:1 stoichiometric complex that was dissociated by increasing concentrations of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	169-172	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	58-63
7851434-10	1995	On gel filtration, truncated Sdc25p-C and nucleotide-free Ras2p (or p21) formed a stable 1:1 stoichiometric complex that was dissociated by increasing concentrations of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	169-172	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
7851434-12	1995	The complex with [S24N]Ras2p was greater than 100-fold less sensitive to the dissociating effect of GDP, whereas [R80D, N81D]Ras2p was unable to form a stable complex with truncated Sdc25p-C.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	23-28
7805855-4	1994	These results suggest that phosphorylation of EF-2 decreased its affinity for GTP but not for GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	94-97	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Homo sapiens	46-50
7565459-5	1995	These data show a PTH-responsive Ca2+ channel for which GTP/GDP may act as second messenger to open the latent Ca2+ channel.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	parathyroid hormone	Homo sapiens	18-21
8583928-0	1995	Reconstitution of Rab9 endosomal targeting and nucleotide exchange using purified Rab9-GDP dissociation inhibitor complexes and endosome-enriched membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	RAB9A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	18-22
8583928-0	1995	Reconstitution of Rab9 endosomal targeting and nucleotide exchange using purified Rab9-GDP dissociation inhibitor complexes and endosome-enriched membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	RAB9A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	82-86
8583945-0	1995	Expression, purification, and assay of Sec12p: a Sar1p-specific GDP dissociation stimulator.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	prolactin regulatory element binding	Homo sapiens	39-45
8583945-0	1995	Expression, purification, and assay of Sec12p: a Sar1p-specific GDP dissociation stimulator.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1A	Homo sapiens	49-54
7988425-5	1994	Insulin increased GEF activity in both fractions (48 +/- 12% [3H]GDP released vs. 24 +/- 6% in control plasma membranes, and 65 +/- 13% vs. 13 +/- 4% in control cytosolic fractions), whereas EGF enhanced only the plasma membrane-associated activity (43 +/- 12% of [3H]GDP release in the plasma membrane fraction and 10 +/- 2% in the cytosol).	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	insulin	Homo sapiens	0-7
7990146-2	1994	Crystals of ARF-1 suitable for X-ray diffraction analysis have been grown in the presence of GDP by the hanging drop vapour diffusion method.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	12-17
7990966-0	1994	Structure of the human ADP-ribosylation factor 1 complexed with GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	23-48
7990966-4	1994	Here we report the three-dimensional structure of full-length human ARF1 (M(r) 21,000) in its GDP-bound non-myristoylated form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	94-97	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	68-72
7982969-2	1994	Protein synthesis in mammalian cells is regulated at the level of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor, eIF-2B, which catalyzes the exchange of eukaryotic initiation factor 2-bound GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	183-186	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	106-112
7819095-0	1994	Haemoglobin inhibits GTP-hydrolysis and GDP/GTP-exchange activities of a low M(r) GTP-binding protein, ras p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
7819095-1	1994	Haemoglobin was observed to inhibit the GDP/GTP-exchange activity of ras protein (ras p21) by measurement of [3H]GDP-dissociation activity in time- and dose-dependent manners.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
7819095-5	1994	Methaemoglobin also inhibited both [3H]GDP-dissociation and [32P]GTP-hydrolysis activities of ras p21 in a very similar manner to that by haemoglobin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	98-101
7819095-6	1994	The obtained results strongly suggest that haemoglobin suppresses the physiological function(s) of ras p21 in vivo inhibiting both [32P]GTP-hydrolysis and GDP/GTP-dissociation of ras p21 in erythrocytes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	155-158	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	103-106
7988552-1	1994	Mss4 is a mammalian protein that was identified as a suppressor of a yeast secretory mutant harboring a mutation in the GTPase Sec4 and was found to stimulate GDP release from this protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	159-162	RAB interacting factor	Homo sapiens	0-4
7988552-1	1994	Mss4 is a mammalian protein that was identified as a suppressor of a yeast secretory mutant harboring a mutation in the GTPase Sec4 and was found to stimulate GDP release from this protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	159-162	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	127-131
7988552-7	1994	Mss4 only stimulates GDP release from, and the association of GTP gamma S with, this Rab subset.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	RAB interacting factor	Homo sapiens	0-4
7988552-8	1994	Recombinant Mss4 and Rab3a form a stable complex in solution that is dissociated with either GDP or GTP gamma S.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	RAB interacting factor	Homo sapiens	12-16
7988552-8	1994	Recombinant Mss4 and Rab3a form a stable complex in solution that is dissociated with either GDP or GTP gamma S.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	21-26
7988569-6	1994	The addition of a bacterially expressed mutant form of Ran (T24N-Ran), which was predicted to be primarily in the GDP-bound state, profoundly disrupted nuclear assembly and DNA replication in extracts.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	ran GTP-binding protein	Xenopus laevis	55-58
7988569-6	1994	The addition of a bacterially expressed mutant form of Ran (T24N-Ran), which was predicted to be primarily in the GDP-bound state, profoundly disrupted nuclear assembly and DNA replication in extracts.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	ran GTP-binding protein	Xenopus laevis	64-68
7989364-3	1994	The best known is Rab3A GDP dissociation inhibitor protein (GDI), originally identified as an inhibitor of GDP dissociation from Rab3A, a Rab protein specifically expressed in neuronal and neuroendocrine cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	18-23
7989364-3	1994	The best known is Rab3A GDP dissociation inhibitor protein (GDI), originally identified as an inhibitor of GDP dissociation from Rab3A, a Rab protein specifically expressed in neuronal and neuroendocrine cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	129-134
7988444-5	1994	Insulin and IGF-I increased the ratio of GTP/GTP + GDP by 31 +/- 9.0% and 36 +/- 8.0%, respectively, p21Ras activation by insulin and IGF-I was maximal within 5 min.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	insulin	Gallus gallus	0-7
7988444-5	1994	Insulin and IGF-I increased the ratio of GTP/GTP + GDP by 31 +/- 9.0% and 36 +/- 8.0%, respectively, p21Ras activation by insulin and IGF-I was maximal within 5 min.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	IGF-I	Gallus gallus	12-17
7988444-5	1994	Insulin and IGF-I increased the ratio of GTP/GTP + GDP by 31 +/- 9.0% and 36 +/- 8.0%, respectively, p21Ras activation by insulin and IGF-I was maximal within 5 min.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Gallus gallus	101-107
7988444-5	1994	Insulin and IGF-I increased the ratio of GTP/GTP + GDP by 31 +/- 9.0% and 36 +/- 8.0%, respectively, p21Ras activation by insulin and IGF-I was maximal within 5 min.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	IGF-I	Gallus gallus	134-139
7988425-5	1994	Insulin increased GEF activity in both fractions (48 +/- 12% [3H]GDP released vs. 24 +/- 6% in control plasma membranes, and 65 +/- 13% vs. 13 +/- 4% in control cytosolic fractions), whereas EGF enhanced only the plasma membrane-associated activity (43 +/- 12% of [3H]GDP release in the plasma membrane fraction and 10 +/- 2% in the cytosol).	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	18-21
7988425-5	1994	Insulin increased GEF activity in both fractions (48 +/- 12% [3H]GDP released vs. 24 +/- 6% in control plasma membranes, and 65 +/- 13% vs. 13 +/- 4% in control cytosolic fractions), whereas EGF enhanced only the plasma membrane-associated activity (43 +/- 12% of [3H]GDP release in the plasma membrane fraction and 10 +/- 2% in the cytosol).	Guanosine Diphosphate	268-271	insulin	Homo sapiens	0-7
7988425-5	1994	Insulin increased GEF activity in both fractions (48 +/- 12% [3H]GDP released vs. 24 +/- 6% in control plasma membranes, and 65 +/- 13% vs. 13 +/- 4% in control cytosolic fractions), whereas EGF enhanced only the plasma membrane-associated activity (43 +/- 12% of [3H]GDP release in the plasma membrane fraction and 10 +/- 2% in the cytosol).	Guanosine Diphosphate	268-271	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	18-21
7721329-0	1994	Characterization of the GTP/GDP binding site in the murine CD3-zeta polypeptide chain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	28-31	CD247 antigen	Mus musculus	59-67
7969474-7	1994	Thus the Gt alpha.GDP.AIF-4.H2O structure provides new insight into the mechanism of GTP hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	18-21	itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase	Homo sapiens	22-27
7721329-1	1994	Using a newly developed in situ affinity-labeling method of nucleotide-binding proteins (NTPoxi technique) we discovered that the human T-cell receptor-associated CD3-zeta protein might bind GTP/GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	195-198	CD247 antigen	Mus musculus	163-171
7721329-2	1994	To further characterize GTP/GDP binding to CD3-zeta, murine T-cell lines expressing zeta zeta homodimers or CD3-zeta/Fc epsilon R1 gamma heterodimers were used.	Guanosine Diphosphate	28-31	CD247 antigen	Mus musculus	43-51
7721329-8	1994	Regardless of whether this implies a direct or indirect binding of GTP/GDP to CD3-zeta, these nucleotides and their hydrolysis must play an important role in T-cell activation through the TCR/CD3 complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	CD247 antigen	Mus musculus	78-86
7893993-6	1994	One of these SH2 domain proteins, Grb2, exists in the cytoplasm in a preformed complex with a second protein, Son of Sevenless (Sos), which can catalyze Ras GTP/GDP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	161-164	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Homo sapiens	34-38
7999019-0	1994	Role of bound GDP in the stability of the rho A-rho GDI complex purified from neutrophil cytosol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	42-47
7999019-1	1994	The rho A-rho GDI complex purified from bovine neutrophil cytosol was found to contain GDP as the only bound nucleotide at a ratio of 1 mol of GDP per mol of complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	4-9
7999019-1	1994	The rho A-rho GDI complex purified from bovine neutrophil cytosol was found to contain GDP as the only bound nucleotide at a ratio of 1 mol of GDP per mol of complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	4-9
7999019-3	1994	Upon dephosphorylation of bound GDP by apyrase, the rho A component of the complex was prone to proteolytic cleavage.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	52-57
7999019-5	1994	These data suggest that rho A liganded by GDP in the rho A-rho GDI complex is maintained in a conformation that escapes action of proteases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	24-29
7999019-5	1994	These data suggest that rho A liganded by GDP in the rho A-rho GDI complex is maintained in a conformation that escapes action of proteases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	53-58
7969474-1	1994	Aluminium fluoride (AIF-4) activates members of the heterotrimeric G-protein (G alpha beta gamma) family by binding to inactive G alpha.GDP near the site occupied by the gamma-phosphate in G alpha.GTP (ref.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase	Homo sapiens	20-25
7969474-3	1994	Here we describe the crystal structure of transducin alpha.GDP activated with aluminium fluoride (Gt alpha.GDP.AIF-4.H2O) at 1.7 A, a resolution sufficient to establish the coordination geometry of the bound aluminium fluoride as well as the extensive network of direct and water-mediated interactions that stabilize it.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	G protein subunit alpha z	Homo sapiens	42-58
7969474-3	1994	Here we describe the crystal structure of transducin alpha.GDP activated with aluminium fluoride (Gt alpha.GDP.AIF-4.H2O) at 1.7 A, a resolution sufficient to establish the coordination geometry of the bound aluminium fluoride as well as the extensive network of direct and water-mediated interactions that stabilize it.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase	Homo sapiens	111-116
7969474-3	1994	Here we describe the crystal structure of transducin alpha.GDP activated with aluminium fluoride (Gt alpha.GDP.AIF-4.H2O) at 1.7 A, a resolution sufficient to establish the coordination geometry of the bound aluminium fluoride as well as the extensive network of direct and water-mediated interactions that stabilize it.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	G protein subunit alpha z	Homo sapiens	42-58
7969474-3	1994	Here we describe the crystal structure of transducin alpha.GDP activated with aluminium fluoride (Gt alpha.GDP.AIF-4.H2O) at 1.7 A, a resolution sufficient to establish the coordination geometry of the bound aluminium fluoride as well as the extensive network of direct and water-mediated interactions that stabilize it.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase	Homo sapiens	111-116
7534315-2	1994	rac-1 protein is regulated by the interplay of several activities: proteins that enhance GDP dissociation (GDP Dissociation Stimulator, GDS), inhibit nucleotide exchange (GDP Dissociation Inhibitor, GDI), or accelerate GTP hydrolysis (GTPase Activating Protein, GAP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	0-5
7534315-2	1994	rac-1 protein is regulated by the interplay of several activities: proteins that enhance GDP dissociation (GDP Dissociation Stimulator, GDS), inhibit nucleotide exchange (GDP Dissociation Inhibitor, GDI), or accelerate GTP hydrolysis (GTPase Activating Protein, GAP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	0-5
7947751-5	1994	Only the GTP gamma S-bound form associated, since the GDP-bound form of Rac neither activated alone nor competed with GTP gamma S-Rac.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	72-75
7853016-2	1994	Like other guanine nucleotide-binding proteins p21ras is active when GTP bound and inactive when GDP bound.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
7977749-4	1994	Furthermore, pancreatic membranes possessed NDPK activity, which transferred high-energy phosphate groups to [8-3H]GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	44-48
7980444-7	1994	We determined that smgGDS prevented the loss of Rac1 activity during the [3H]GDP/GTP exchange assay by demonstrating the ability of smgGDS to inhibit the loss of Rac1 GTP[gamma S]-binding during incubations at 30 degrees C. This stabilizing effect was exactly counterbalanced by the ability of smgGDS to stimulate the release of [3H]GDP from Rac1, thereby producing no net observable effect in the exchange assay.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	19-25
7980444-7	1994	We determined that smgGDS prevented the loss of Rac1 activity during the [3H]GDP/GTP exchange assay by demonstrating the ability of smgGDS to inhibit the loss of Rac1 GTP[gamma S]-binding during incubations at 30 degrees C. This stabilizing effect was exactly counterbalanced by the ability of smgGDS to stimulate the release of [3H]GDP from Rac1, thereby producing no net observable effect in the exchange assay.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
7980444-7	1994	We determined that smgGDS prevented the loss of Rac1 activity during the [3H]GDP/GTP exchange assay by demonstrating the ability of smgGDS to inhibit the loss of Rac1 GTP[gamma S]-binding during incubations at 30 degrees C. This stabilizing effect was exactly counterbalanced by the ability of smgGDS to stimulate the release of [3H]GDP from Rac1, thereby producing no net observable effect in the exchange assay.	Guanosine Diphosphate	333-336	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	19-25
7980444-7	1994	We determined that smgGDS prevented the loss of Rac1 activity during the [3H]GDP/GTP exchange assay by demonstrating the ability of smgGDS to inhibit the loss of Rac1 GTP[gamma S]-binding during incubations at 30 degrees C. This stabilizing effect was exactly counterbalanced by the ability of smgGDS to stimulate the release of [3H]GDP from Rac1, thereby producing no net observable effect in the exchange assay.	Guanosine Diphosphate	333-336	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
7980444-7	1994	We determined that smgGDS prevented the loss of Rac1 activity during the [3H]GDP/GTP exchange assay by demonstrating the ability of smgGDS to inhibit the loss of Rac1 GTP[gamma S]-binding during incubations at 30 degrees C. This stabilizing effect was exactly counterbalanced by the ability of smgGDS to stimulate the release of [3H]GDP from Rac1, thereby producing no net observable effect in the exchange assay.	Guanosine Diphosphate	333-336	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	132-138
7980444-7	1994	We determined that smgGDS prevented the loss of Rac1 activity during the [3H]GDP/GTP exchange assay by demonstrating the ability of smgGDS to inhibit the loss of Rac1 GTP[gamma S]-binding during incubations at 30 degrees C. This stabilizing effect was exactly counterbalanced by the ability of smgGDS to stimulate the release of [3H]GDP from Rac1, thereby producing no net observable effect in the exchange assay.	Guanosine Diphosphate	333-336	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	132-138
7980444-8	1994	SmgGDS was able to effectively stimulate the release of GDP but not GTP[gamma S] from Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
7980444-9	1994	SmgGDS maintains Rac1 in a nucleotide-free form after release of GDP, indicating that the reaction between Rac1 and smgGDS involves a substituted enzyme mechanism.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
7980444-9	1994	SmgGDS maintains Rac1 in a nucleotide-free form after release of GDP, indicating that the reaction between Rac1 and smgGDS involves a substituted enzyme mechanism.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	107-111
7957092-9	1994	Furthermore, REP-1 and RabGDI share several other functional properties, the ability to inhibit the release of GDP and to remove rab proteins from membranes; however, RabGDI cannot assist in the prenylation reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	CHM Rab escort protein	Homo sapiens	13-18
7980444-0	1994	SmgGDS stabilizes nucleotide-bound and -free forms of the Rac1 GTP-binding protein and stimulates GTP/GDP exchange through a substituted enzyme mechanism.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
7980444-3	1994	The biochemical interaction between Rac and its only known GDP-dissociation stimulator (termed smgGDS) was characterized.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	36-39
7980444-3	1994	The biochemical interaction between Rac and its only known GDP-dissociation stimulator (termed smgGDS) was characterized.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	95-101
7935463-2	1994	This protein shares 69% amino acid homology with ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (ralGDS), a GDP/GTP exchange protein for ral p24.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	49-95
7935463-2	1994	This protein shares 69% amino acid homology with ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (ralGDS), a GDP/GTP exchange protein for ral p24.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator	Homo sapiens	97-103
7935463-2	1994	This protein shares 69% amino acid homology with ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (ralGDS), a GDP/GTP exchange protein for ral p24.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	transmembrane p24 trafficking protein 2	Homo sapiens	141-144
7918454-5	1994	The exchange of mant-dGDP for GDP bound to Cdc42Hs, as read-out either by the enhancement of the mant fluorescence or by energy transfer, is inhibited by physiological (mM) Mg2+ concentrations and correlates exactly to the rate of [3H]GDP exchange observed in filter-binding assays.	Guanosine Diphosphate	22-25	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	43-50
7918472-3	1994	Herein, we characterize nucleoside diphosphokinase (NDP kinase) activity, which catalyzes the transphosphorylation of nucleotide diphosphate (e.g., GDP) to nucleotide triphosphates (e.g., GTP) in insulin-secreting cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	insulin	Homo sapiens	196-203
7935432-5	1994	Here, we report that p190 binds GTP and GDP through this conserved domain and that the structural requirements for binding are similar to those seen with other GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	contactin associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	21-25
7918454-5	1994	The exchange of mant-dGDP for GDP bound to Cdc42Hs, as read-out either by the enhancement of the mant fluorescence or by energy transfer, is inhibited by physiological (mM) Mg2+ concentrations and correlates exactly to the rate of [3H]GDP exchange observed in filter-binding assays.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	43-50
7918454-7	1994	A second fluorescence read-out for the nucleotide-bound state of Cdc42Hs involves the measurements of intrinsic fluorescence of a single tryptophan residue (W97) which is highly sensitive to whether GDP or GTP is bound in the nucleotide pocket.	Guanosine Diphosphate	199-202	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	65-72
7918454-8	1994	The hydrolysis of GTP to GDP by Cdc42Hs results in an approximately 30% enhancement of the protein fluorescence.	Guanosine Diphosphate	25-28	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	32-39
7929030-3	1994	It has been recently recognized that at least two GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) isoforms, GDI-1 and GDI-2, can bind and release GDP-bound Rab proteins from membranes (Shisheva, A., Sudhof, T.C., and Czech, M. P. (1994) Mol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	rab GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Cricetulus griseus	93-98
7926025-0	1994	GDP/GTP exchange reaction-stimulating activity of Rabphilin-3A for Rab3A small GTP-binding protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	rabphilin 3A	Homo sapiens	50-62
7926025-0	1994	GDP/GTP exchange reaction-stimulating activity of Rabphilin-3A for Rab3A small GTP-binding protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	67-72
7926025-4	1994	Here, we show that Rabphilin-3A has another activity to stimulate the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of Rab3A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	rabphilin 3A	Homo sapiens	19-31
7926025-4	1994	Here, we show that Rabphilin-3A has another activity to stimulate the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of Rab3A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	99-104
7882424-2	1994	Its product Mrs6p shows significant homology to the mammalian GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) of Rab/Ypt-type small G proteins and to the human choroideraemia protein (CHM), the component A of Rab-specific GGTase II.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	GTPase-activating protein MRS6	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	12-17
7882424-2	1994	Its product Mrs6p shows significant homology to the mammalian GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) of Rab/Ypt-type small G proteins and to the human choroideraemia protein (CHM), the component A of Rab-specific GGTase II.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	CHM Rab escort protein	Homo sapiens	145-167
7882424-2	1994	Its product Mrs6p shows significant homology to the mammalian GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) of Rab/Ypt-type small G proteins and to the human choroideraemia protein (CHM), the component A of Rab-specific GGTase II.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	CHM Rab escort protein	Homo sapiens	169-172
7945346-1	1994	Rab3A small GTP-binding protein and its associated proteins, such as Rabphilin-3A, a putative target protein for Rab3A, MSS4, a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for Rab3A, and Rab GDI, a translocator for the Rab family members including Rab3A, are implicated in neurotransmitter release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-5
7945346-1	1994	Rab3A small GTP-binding protein and its associated proteins, such as Rabphilin-3A, a putative target protein for Rab3A, MSS4, a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for Rab3A, and Rab GDI, a translocator for the Rab family members including Rab3A, are implicated in neurotransmitter release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	rabphilin 3A	Homo sapiens	69-81
7918624-2	1994	ATP impaired the binding of GTP or GDP to eIF-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	42-47
7918624-6	1994	GTP, and, at lower concentrations, GDP, inhibited the binding of mRNA to eIF-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	73-78
7945231-7	1994	Furthermore, our studies on G alpha 13 provide evidence for an extremely slow basal GDP/GTP exchange rate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	G protein subunit alpha 13	Rattus norvegicus	28-38
7945346-1	1994	Rab3A small GTP-binding protein and its associated proteins, such as Rabphilin-3A, a putative target protein for Rab3A, MSS4, a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for Rab3A, and Rab GDI, a translocator for the Rab family members including Rab3A, are implicated in neurotransmitter release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	113-118
7929030-3	1994	It has been recently recognized that at least two GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) isoforms, GDI-1 and GDI-2, can bind and release GDP-bound Rab proteins from membranes (Shisheva, A., Sudhof, T.C., and Czech, M. P. (1994) Mol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	rab GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Cricetulus griseus	103-108
7945346-1	1994	Rab3A small GTP-binding protein and its associated proteins, such as Rabphilin-3A, a putative target protein for Rab3A, MSS4, a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for Rab3A, and Rab GDI, a translocator for the Rab family members including Rab3A, are implicated in neurotransmitter release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	RAB interacting factor	Homo sapiens	120-124
7945346-1	1994	Rab3A small GTP-binding protein and its associated proteins, such as Rabphilin-3A, a putative target protein for Rab3A, MSS4, a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for Rab3A, and Rab GDI, a translocator for the Rab family members including Rab3A, are implicated in neurotransmitter release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	113-118
7945346-1	1994	Rab3A small GTP-binding protein and its associated proteins, such as Rabphilin-3A, a putative target protein for Rab3A, MSS4, a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for Rab3A, and Rab GDI, a translocator for the Rab family members including Rab3A, are implicated in neurotransmitter release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-3
7945346-1	1994	Rab3A small GTP-binding protein and its associated proteins, such as Rabphilin-3A, a putative target protein for Rab3A, MSS4, a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for Rab3A, and Rab GDI, a translocator for the Rab family members including Rab3A, are implicated in neurotransmitter release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	113-118
7925958-3	1994	These have been mapped onto the 3D structures of EF-Tu.GTP and EF-Tu.GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	49-54
7925958-3	1994	These have been mapped onto the 3D structures of EF-Tu.GTP and EF-Tu.GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	63-68
7929030-3	1994	It has been recently recognized that at least two GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) isoforms, GDI-1 and GDI-2, can bind and release GDP-bound Rab proteins from membranes (Shisheva, A., Sudhof, T.C., and Czech, M. P. (1994) Mol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	rab GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Cricetulus griseus	93-98
7929030-3	1994	It has been recently recognized that at least two GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) isoforms, GDI-1 and GDI-2, can bind and release GDP-bound Rab proteins from membranes (Shisheva, A., Sudhof, T.C., and Czech, M. P. (1994) Mol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	rab GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Cricetulus griseus	103-108
8089125-2	1994	These functions of Rac are determined by the GTP/GDP state of the protein, which can be modulated by GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs).	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	19-22
7868051-11	1994	Acute cold exposure (5 degrees C/1h) enhanced GDP binding in WC, resting CA and ICE resting, but the degree of increment was greater in CA and ICE than in WC.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	caspase 1	Rattus norvegicus	80-83
8072545-0	1994	Rapid GDP release from Gs alpha in patients with gain and loss of endocrine function.	Guanosine Diphosphate	6-9	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	23-31
8092984-7	1994	Moreover, GEF activity measured in the GDP-exchange assay was in fact inhibited in the ischaemic animals, proving that protein synthesis is impaired by the presence of eIF-2(alpha P), which blocks eIF-2 recycling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 5	Rattus norvegicus	10-13
8051050-3	1994	rho GDI inhibits the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of post-translationally lipid-modified small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins) of the rho family, including the rho, rac, and cdc42 subfamilies, and keeps them in the GDP-bound inactive form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	cell division cycle 42	Bos taurus	173-178
8063706-4	1994	Analysis of nucleotide interaction reveals that the mutant V367T Gs alpha protein poorly binds GDP or GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	65-73
8049218-12	1994	Rephosphorylation with CK-II restores GTP binding and increases 4-5-fold the activity of GEF in the exchange of eIF-2-bound GDP for free GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	casein kinase 2 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	23-28
8049218-12	1994	Rephosphorylation with CK-II restores GTP binding and increases 4-5-fold the activity of GEF in the exchange of eIF-2-bound GDP for free GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	89-92
8049218-12	1994	Rephosphorylation with CK-II restores GTP binding and increases 4-5-fold the activity of GEF in the exchange of eIF-2-bound GDP for free GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	112-117
8049218-13	1994	On the other hand, the extent of GDP binding to dephosphorylated eIF-2 is increased 2.3-fold as compared to that to the isolated eIF-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-36	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	65-70
8049218-13	1994	On the other hand, the extent of GDP binding to dephosphorylated eIF-2 is increased 2.3-fold as compared to that to the isolated eIF-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-36	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	129-134
8049218-14	1994	The rate of GEF-catalyzed exchange of dephosphorylated eIF-2-bound GDP for GTP is approximately 2-fold slower than that with the isolated eIF-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	12-15
8049218-14	1994	The rate of GEF-catalyzed exchange of dephosphorylated eIF-2-bound GDP for GTP is approximately 2-fold slower than that with the isolated eIF-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	55-60
8049218-14	1994	The rate of GEF-catalyzed exchange of dephosphorylated eIF-2-bound GDP for GTP is approximately 2-fold slower than that with the isolated eIF-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	138-143
8070588-0	1994	Comparison of kinetic properties between MSS4 and Rab3A GRF GDP/GTP exchange proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	50-55
8070588-0	1994	Comparison of kinetic properties between MSS4 and Rab3A GRF GDP/GTP exchange proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	growth hormone releasing hormone	Homo sapiens	56-59
8070588-2	1994	MSS4 stimulates the dissociation of [3H]GDP from the lipid-modified and lipid-unmodified forms of Rab3A to the same extent, although Rab3A GRF is more effective on the lipid-modified form than on the lipid-unmodified form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	RAB interacting factor	Homo sapiens	0-4
8070588-6	1994	These results suggest that MSS4 and Rab3A GRF are different GDP/GTP exchange proteins for Rab3A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	RAB interacting factor	Homo sapiens	27-31
8070588-6	1994	These results suggest that MSS4 and Rab3A GRF are different GDP/GTP exchange proteins for Rab3A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	36-41
8070588-6	1994	These results suggest that MSS4 and Rab3A GRF are different GDP/GTP exchange proteins for Rab3A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	growth hormone releasing hormone	Homo sapiens	42-45
8070588-6	1994	These results suggest that MSS4 and Rab3A GRF are different GDP/GTP exchange proteins for Rab3A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	90-95
8049218-0	1994	Phosphorylation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor and eukaryotic initiation factor 2 by casein kinase II regulates guanine nucleotide binding and GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	154-157	transcription termination factor 2	Homo sapiens	84-92
8051050-3	1994	rho GDI inhibits the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of post-translationally lipid-modified small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins) of the rho family, including the rho, rac, and cdc42 subfamilies, and keeps them in the GDP-bound inactive form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	214-217	cell division cycle 42	Bos taurus	173-178
8051070-3	1994	It is activated by photoexcited rhodopsin which catalyzes the exchange of transducin-bound GDP for GTP and then stays active until bound GTP is hydrolyzed by an intrinsic GTPase activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	32-41
7857771-7	1994	This phosphorylation of Gi alpha 2 is inhibited if the G-protein is first activated with GTP or inactivated with GDP, suggesting that the phosphorylation may be occurring in the guanine nucleotide binding region.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting 2	Mus musculus	24-32
8035810-2	1994	Here we report the use of a novel competition assay to measure in vitro the relative affinity of the c-Raf-1 regulatory region for Ras-GTP, Ras-GDP, and 10 oncogenic and effector mutant Ras proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	TNF receptor associated factor 3	Homo sapiens	101-108
8043603-3	1994	Previous work has shown that PRS I is more sensitive to inhibition by ADP and GDP and more stable to heat treatment than is PRS II.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1	Rattus norvegicus	29-34
8034626-3	1994	Therefore, we have stably transfected human Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B lymphocytes that possess an activable NADPH oxidase complex with cDNAs for mutants of Rap1A "locked" in a GTP-bound (63E) and GDP-bound (17N) state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	203-206	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	163-168
8034626-9	1994	Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of both GTP- as well as GDP-bound mutants indicates that Rap1A functions in a dynamic cycle as opposed to a unidirectional pathway, as is the case for the other NADPH oxidase regulatory GTP-binding protein, Rac.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	92-97
8043603-5	1994	Changing Lys-4 of PRS I to Val, together with Ile-5 to Leu, completely abolished sensitivity to GDP inhibition of PRS I, indicating that Lys-4 in PRS I is critical for GDP inhibition.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1	Rattus norvegicus	18-23
8043603-5	1994	Changing Lys-4 of PRS I to Val, together with Ile-5 to Leu, completely abolished sensitivity to GDP inhibition of PRS I, indicating that Lys-4 in PRS I is critical for GDP inhibition.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1	Rattus norvegicus	114-119
8043603-5	1994	Changing Lys-4 of PRS I to Val, together with Ile-5 to Leu, completely abolished sensitivity to GDP inhibition of PRS I, indicating that Lys-4 in PRS I is critical for GDP inhibition.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1	Rattus norvegicus	114-119
8043603-5	1994	Changing Lys-4 of PRS I to Val, together with Ile-5 to Leu, completely abolished sensitivity to GDP inhibition of PRS I, indicating that Lys-4 in PRS I is critical for GDP inhibition.	Guanosine Diphosphate	168-171	phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1	Rattus norvegicus	114-119
8043603-5	1994	Changing Lys-4 of PRS I to Val, together with Ile-5 to Leu, completely abolished sensitivity to GDP inhibition of PRS I, indicating that Lys-4 in PRS I is critical for GDP inhibition.	Guanosine Diphosphate	168-171	phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1	Rattus norvegicus	114-119
8043603-7	1994	Characterization of the chimeric enzymes revealed that residues between residues 54-110 and 229-317, namely, Val-55 and/or Ala-81, and Arg-242 and/or Cys-264 of PRS I also contribute to the strong GDP inhibition.	Guanosine Diphosphate	197-200	phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1	Rattus norvegicus	161-166
8208289-1	1994	The 1.8 A crystal structure of transducin alpha.GDP, when compared to that of the activated complex with GTP-gamma S, reveals the nature of the conformational changes that occur on activation of a heterotrimeric G-protein alpha-subunit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	G protein subunit alpha z	Homo sapiens	31-47
8031785-6	1994	EF-1 delta was also phosphorylated by casein kinase II, but only in the presence of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	elongation factor 1-delta	Oryctolagus cuniculus	0-10
8026746-6	1994	Tt- and Tp-Ran, as well as other Ran/TC4, contain the four consensus regions involved in GTP/GDP-binding and GTPase activities.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	11-14
8026746-6	1994	Tt- and Tp-Ran, as well as other Ran/TC4, contain the four consensus regions involved in GTP/GDP-binding and GTPase activities.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	33-36
8026746-6	1994	Tt- and Tp-Ran, as well as other Ran/TC4, contain the four consensus regions involved in GTP/GDP-binding and GTPase activities.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	37-40
8195204-5	1994	rARF 6 expressed in E. coli without amino-terminal extension was bound primarily to GDP and exhibited typical GTP-dependent activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
8195204-7	1994	[alpha-32P]GTP bound to rARF 6 was in part protected from hydrolysis by alkaline phosphatase and resulted in the formation of [alpha-32P]GTP, -GDP, and -GMP, whereas unbound nucleotide was completely hydrolyzed to guanosine.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	ADP-ribosylation factor 6	Rattus norvegicus	24-30
8206969-4	1994	Using Ras2p and a catalytic fragment of Cdc25p, both expressed in and purified from Escherichia coli, we determined that Cdc25p has a Km for Ras2p-GDP of 160 nM and a maximal rate of 0.20 s-1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	147-150	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	121-127
8206969-4	1994	Using Ras2p and a catalytic fragment of Cdc25p, both expressed in and purified from Escherichia coli, we determined that Cdc25p has a Km for Ras2p-GDP of 160 nM and a maximal rate of 0.20 s-1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	147-150	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	141-146
8206969-5	1994	The Km of Cdc25p for Ras2p complexed to GTP is 3-fold greater than that for Ras2p complexed to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	10-16
8206969-5	1994	The Km of Cdc25p for Ras2p complexed to GTP is 3-fold greater than that for Ras2p complexed to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	21-26
8206969-5	1994	The Km of Cdc25p for Ras2p complexed to GTP is 3-fold greater than that for Ras2p complexed to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	76-81
8195183-1	1994	Rab proteins occur in the cytosol bound to Rab-GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI).	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	RAB9A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-3
8002952-6	1994	Results suggest that different molecular events are involved during acute and chronic adaptation to cold: during the first 24 h of cold acclimatization, thermogenic activity is increased by an unmasking process of the UCP binding sites in the M1 mitochondrial fraction as UCP levels were constant and GDP binding increased, but in the M3 and M15 fraction the increase in thermogenic activity was completely due to an increase in GDP binding induced by a specific incorporation of UCP targeted to these mitochondria.	Guanosine Diphosphate	301-304	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	218-221
8002952-6	1994	Results suggest that different molecular events are involved during acute and chronic adaptation to cold: during the first 24 h of cold acclimatization, thermogenic activity is increased by an unmasking process of the UCP binding sites in the M1 mitochondrial fraction as UCP levels were constant and GDP binding increased, but in the M3 and M15 fraction the increase in thermogenic activity was completely due to an increase in GDP binding induced by a specific incorporation of UCP targeted to these mitochondria.	Guanosine Diphosphate	429-432	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	218-221
8039765-3	1994	The switch turns on when GTP binds, in exchange for prebound GDP, to the alpha-subunit (G alpha), whereas it turns off upon the GTP hydrolysis due to the G alpha GTPase activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	73-95
7999144-0	1994	Identification of an invasion-inducing gene, Tiam-1, that encodes a protein with homology to GDP-GTP exchangers for Rho-like proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	T cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1	Mus musculus	45-51
7999144-5	1994	The predicted Tiam-1 protein harbors a Dbl- and Pleckstrin-homologous domain, which it shares with GDP-GTP exchangers for Rho-like proteins that have been implicated in cytoskeletal organization.	Guanosine Diphosphate	99-102	T cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1	Mus musculus	14-20
8180235-1	1994	In order to study the function of the brown-fat specific uncoupling protein thermogenin (UCP), the effect of certain sulfonates on [3H]GDP binding to the GDP-binding site of brown adipose tissue mitochondria was studied.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	76-87
8195145-0	1994	Different functions of Smg GDP dissociation stimulator and mammalian counterpart of yeast Cdc25.	Guanosine Diphosphate	27-30	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G	Homo sapiens	23-26
8195145-1	1994	We have previously shown that both Smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS) and mammalian Cdc25 (mCdc25) stimulate the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of Ki-Ras and that Smg GDS is active only on the post-translationally lipid-modified form of Ki-Ras, whereas mCdc25 is active on both the lipid-modified and unmodified forms but is more active on the lipid-modified form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G	Homo sapiens	35-38
8195145-1	1994	We have previously shown that both Smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS) and mammalian Cdc25 (mCdc25) stimulate the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of Ki-Ras and that Smg GDS is active only on the post-translationally lipid-modified form of Ki-Ras, whereas mCdc25 is active on both the lipid-modified and unmodified forms but is more active on the lipid-modified form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	145-151
8195145-1	1994	We have previously shown that both Smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS) and mammalian Cdc25 (mCdc25) stimulate the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of Ki-Ras and that Smg GDS is active only on the post-translationally lipid-modified form of Ki-Ras, whereas mCdc25 is active on both the lipid-modified and unmodified forms but is more active on the lipid-modified form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	161-168
8195145-1	1994	We have previously shown that both Smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS) and mammalian Cdc25 (mCdc25) stimulate the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of Ki-Ras and that Smg GDS is active only on the post-translationally lipid-modified form of Ki-Ras, whereas mCdc25 is active on both the lipid-modified and unmodified forms but is more active on the lipid-modified form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	235-241
8195145-1	1994	We have previously shown that both Smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS) and mammalian Cdc25 (mCdc25) stimulate the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of Ki-Ras and that Smg GDS is active only on the post-translationally lipid-modified form of Ki-Ras, whereas mCdc25 is active on both the lipid-modified and unmodified forms but is more active on the lipid-modified form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	cell division cycle 25C	Mus musculus	251-257
8195145-1	1994	We have previously shown that both Smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS) and mammalian Cdc25 (mCdc25) stimulate the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of Ki-Ras and that Smg GDS is active only on the post-translationally lipid-modified form of Ki-Ras, whereas mCdc25 is active on both the lipid-modified and unmodified forms but is more active on the lipid-modified form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G	Homo sapiens	35-38
8195145-1	1994	We have previously shown that both Smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS) and mammalian Cdc25 (mCdc25) stimulate the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of Ki-Ras and that Smg GDS is active only on the post-translationally lipid-modified form of Ki-Ras, whereas mCdc25 is active on both the lipid-modified and unmodified forms but is more active on the lipid-modified form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	cell division cycle 25C	Homo sapiens	87-92
8195145-1	1994	We have previously shown that both Smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS) and mammalian Cdc25 (mCdc25) stimulate the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of Ki-Ras and that Smg GDS is active only on the post-translationally lipid-modified form of Ki-Ras, whereas mCdc25 is active on both the lipid-modified and unmodified forms but is more active on the lipid-modified form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	cell division cycle 25C	Mus musculus	94-100
8195145-1	1994	We have previously shown that both Smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS) and mammalian Cdc25 (mCdc25) stimulate the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of Ki-Ras and that Smg GDS is active only on the post-translationally lipid-modified form of Ki-Ras, whereas mCdc25 is active on both the lipid-modified and unmodified forms but is more active on the lipid-modified form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	145-151
8195145-1	1994	We have previously shown that both Smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS) and mammalian Cdc25 (mCdc25) stimulate the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of Ki-Ras and that Smg GDS is active only on the post-translationally lipid-modified form of Ki-Ras, whereas mCdc25 is active on both the lipid-modified and unmodified forms but is more active on the lipid-modified form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	161-168
8195145-1	1994	We have previously shown that both Smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS) and mammalian Cdc25 (mCdc25) stimulate the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of Ki-Ras and that Smg GDS is active only on the post-translationally lipid-modified form of Ki-Ras, whereas mCdc25 is active on both the lipid-modified and unmodified forms but is more active on the lipid-modified form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	235-241
8195145-1	1994	We have previously shown that both Smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS) and mammalian Cdc25 (mCdc25) stimulate the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of Ki-Ras and that Smg GDS is active only on the post-translationally lipid-modified form of Ki-Ras, whereas mCdc25 is active on both the lipid-modified and unmodified forms but is more active on the lipid-modified form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	cell division cycle 25C	Mus musculus	251-257
8188702-1	1994	Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) is a regulatory protein for Rab proteins that controls not only the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of Rab proteins but also their translocation between the cytosol and cell membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Bos taurus	0-3
8188702-1	1994	Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) is a regulatory protein for Rab proteins that controls not only the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of Rab proteins but also their translocation between the cytosol and cell membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Bos taurus	65-68
8188702-1	1994	Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) is a regulatory protein for Rab proteins that controls not only the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of Rab proteins but also their translocation between the cytosol and cell membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Bos taurus	0-3
8188702-1	1994	Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) is a regulatory protein for Rab proteins that controls not only the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of Rab proteins but also their translocation between the cytosol and cell membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Bos taurus	65-68
8188702-5	1994	Both rat Rab GDI alpha and beta proteins expressed in Escherichia coli showed a similar degree of activity of regulating the GDP/GTP exchange reaction to that of bovine Rab GDI using Rab3A and Rab11 as substrates.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	GDP dissociation inhibitor 1	Rattus norvegicus	9-22
8188702-5	1994	Both rat Rab GDI alpha and beta proteins expressed in Escherichia coli showed a similar degree of activity of regulating the GDP/GTP exchange reaction to that of bovine Rab GDI using Rab3A and Rab11 as substrates.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	GDP dissociation inhibitor	Drosophila melanogaster	9-16
8203594-5	1994	Carbachol increased 35S-labeled guanosine 5"-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTP gamma S) binding maximally 14-fold only when GDP was present by an excess of > 100 times [35S]GTP gamma S, while R-PIA increased binding only 2-fold.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	RPTOR independent companion of MTOR complex 2	Homo sapiens	191-194
8195145-3	1994	Both Smg GDS and mCdc25 stimulated the dissociation of GDP from Ki-Ras and formed the stable binary complex with Ki-Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	5-12
8195145-3	1994	Both Smg GDS and mCdc25 stimulated the dissociation of GDP from Ki-Ras and formed the stable binary complex with Ki-Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	cell division cycle 25C	Mus musculus	17-23
8195145-3	1994	Both Smg GDS and mCdc25 stimulated the dissociation of GDP from Ki-Ras and formed the stable binary complex with Ki-Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	64-70
8195145-3	1994	Both Smg GDS and mCdc25 stimulated the dissociation of GDP from Ki-Ras and formed the stable binary complex with Ki-Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	113-119
8195145-5	1994	mCdc25 stimulated the dissociation of GDP from both the membrane-bound and soluble forms of Ki-Ras, whereas Smg GDS was far less active on the membrane-bound form than on the soluble form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	cell division cycle 25C	Mus musculus	0-6
8195145-5	1994	mCdc25 stimulated the dissociation of GDP from both the membrane-bound and soluble forms of Ki-Ras, whereas Smg GDS was far less active on the membrane-bound form than on the soluble form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	92-98
8164745-4	1994	It has been proposed that Rab proteins are delivered to specific membranes by GDI, and that this process is accompanied by the exchange of bound GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	145-148	RAB9A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	26-29
8180235-1	1994	In order to study the function of the brown-fat specific uncoupling protein thermogenin (UCP), the effect of certain sulfonates on [3H]GDP binding to the GDP-binding site of brown adipose tissue mitochondria was studied.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	89-92
8180235-1	1994	In order to study the function of the brown-fat specific uncoupling protein thermogenin (UCP), the effect of certain sulfonates on [3H]GDP binding to the GDP-binding site of brown adipose tissue mitochondria was studied.	Guanosine Diphosphate	154-157	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	76-87
8180235-4	1994	Also in KCl-medium, the affinity of GDP was high (approximately 3 microM), but both in a benzenesulfonate medium and in a para-aminobenzenesulfonate (sulfanilate) medium, the apparent affinity was lower (approximately 12 microM); as benzenesulfonate is well transported by thermogenin but sulfanilate is not, the reduction in affinity was unrelated to transport.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	273-284
8180235-9	1994	It was concluded that these types of substrate for thermogenin-mediated transport may directly interact with the GDP-binding site, but that this effect could only partly explain the dependence of GDP potency on substrate species.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	51-62
8180235-9	1994	It was concluded that these types of substrate for thermogenin-mediated transport may directly interact with the GDP-binding site, but that this effect could only partly explain the dependence of GDP potency on substrate species.	Guanosine Diphosphate	196-199	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	51-62
8188741-4	1994	We found that a mutant TC4 protein defective in GTP binding (GDP-bound form) suppressed nuclear growth and prevented DNA replication.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	RAN, member RAS oncogene family S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	23-26
7520314-4	1994	However, six weeks of CE-2 diet containing propranolol hydrochloride (525 mg/kg CE-2) a non-selective beta-blocker, markedly reduced the specific and total binding of GDP in BAT mitochondria, leading to weight gain in both MSG- and saline-treated mice.	Guanosine Diphosphate	167-170	catalase activity, kidney	Mus musculus	22-26
7520314-4	1994	However, six weeks of CE-2 diet containing propranolol hydrochloride (525 mg/kg CE-2) a non-selective beta-blocker, markedly reduced the specific and total binding of GDP in BAT mitochondria, leading to weight gain in both MSG- and saline-treated mice.	Guanosine Diphosphate	167-170	catalase activity, kidney	Mus musculus	80-84
7961601-2	1994	In the presence of GDP, the radius of gyration, Rg, determined for wild type ras p21 was 16.89 +/- 0.01 A, while the wild type ras p21 bound to the GTP analogue GDPNHP (5"-guanyl imido diphosphate beta-gamma-imidoguanosine 5"-triphosphate) showed an Rg value of 17.46 +/- 0.01 A, which is 3.3% larger.	Guanosine Diphosphate	19-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
7961601-2	1994	In the presence of GDP, the radius of gyration, Rg, determined for wild type ras p21 was 16.89 +/- 0.01 A, while the wild type ras p21 bound to the GTP analogue GDPNHP (5"-guanyl imido diphosphate beta-gamma-imidoguanosine 5"-triphosphate) showed an Rg value of 17.46 +/- 0.01 A, which is 3.3% larger.	Guanosine Diphosphate	19-22	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	131-134
7513052-2	1994	Rab function is regulated by GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), which releases Rab proteins from membranes and inhibits GDP dissociation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	0-3
7513052-2	1994	Rab function is regulated by GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), which releases Rab proteins from membranes and inhibits GDP dissociation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	78-81
7513052-2	1994	Rab function is regulated by GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), which releases Rab proteins from membranes and inhibits GDP dissociation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	0-3
7513052-2	1994	Rab function is regulated by GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), which releases Rab proteins from membranes and inhibits GDP dissociation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	78-81
7513052-10	1994	GDI-1 and GDI-2 expressed as glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins were both able to solubilize the membrane-bound forms of Rab4 and Rab5 in a GDP/GTP-dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	147-150	guanosine diphosphate (GDP) dissociation inhibitor 1	Mus musculus	0-5
7513052-10	1994	GDI-1 and GDI-2 expressed as glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins were both able to solubilize the membrane-bound forms of Rab4 and Rab5 in a GDP/GTP-dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	147-150	guanosine diphosphate (GDP) dissociation inhibitor 2	Mus musculus	10-15
7513052-10	1994	GDI-1 and GDI-2 expressed as glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins were both able to solubilize the membrane-bound forms of Rab4 and Rab5 in a GDP/GTP-dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	147-150	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	128-132
8188741-6	1994	In a separate set of experiments using a cell-free extract of Xenopus eggs that cycles between S and M phases, the GDP-bound form of TC4 had dramatic effects, blocking entry into mitosis even in the complete absence of nuclei.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	RAN, member RAS oncogene family S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	133-136
8142406-0	1994	Characterization of the active site of p21 ras by electron spin-echo envelope modulation spectroscopy with selective labeling: comparisons between GDP and GTP forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	147-150	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	39-42
7512561-1	1994	hGBP1 is an interferon-induced 67-kDa protein of human cells that readily binds to agarose-immobilized GTP, GDP, and GMP but not to other nucleotides.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	guanylate binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
8172600-2	1994	Vasopressin-stimulated Ca2+ inflow was mimicked by microinjection of guanosine 5"-[gamma-thio]triphosphate (GTP[S]) or guanosine 5"-[beta gamma-imido]triphosphate to the cells, but not adenosine 5"-[gamma-thio]triphosphate (ATP[S]) or guanosine 5"-[beta-thio]diphosphate (GDP[S]).	Guanosine Diphosphate	272-275	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	0-11
8172600-4	1994	GDP[S], but not GMP, administered to hepatocytes by microinjection, completely inhibited vasopressin-stimulated Ca2+ inflow and partially inhibited vasopressin-induced release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	89-100
8172600-4	1994	GDP[S], but not GMP, administered to hepatocytes by microinjection, completely inhibited vasopressin-stimulated Ca2+ inflow and partially inhibited vasopressin-induced release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	148-159
8157010-0	1994	GDI1 encodes a GDP dissociation inhibitor that plays an essential role in the yeast secretory pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	15-18	Gdi1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-4
8069230-6	1994	GTP as well as GDP (1 mM) eluted Gir from the column and acetate buffer (pH 5.0) eluted both IR and Gir.	Guanosine Diphosphate	15-18	G protein-coupled receptor 83	Homo sapiens	33-36
8163542-0	1994	A GDP-bound of rab1 inhibits protein export from the endoplasmic reticulum and transport between Golgi compartments.	Guanosine Diphosphate	2-5	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	15-19
8138575-5	1994	Consistent with the role of guanine nucleotide exchange in Sar1 function, a trans-dominant mutant (Sar1a[T39N]) with a preferential affinity for GDP also strongly inhibited vesicle budding from the ER.	Guanosine Diphosphate	145-148	secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1A	Homo sapiens	59-63
8138575-5	1994	Consistent with the role of guanine nucleotide exchange in Sar1 function, a trans-dominant mutant (Sar1a[T39N]) with a preferential affinity for GDP also strongly inhibited vesicle budding from the ER.	Guanosine Diphosphate	145-148	secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1A	Homo sapiens	99-104
8157010-3	1994	Analogous to the bovine protein, purified Gdi1p slows the dissociation of GDP from Sec4p and releases the GDP-bound form from yeast membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	GDP dissociation inhibitor 1	Bos taurus	42-47
8157010-3	1994	Analogous to the bovine protein, purified Gdi1p slows the dissociation of GDP from Sec4p and releases the GDP-bound form from yeast membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	83-88
8157010-3	1994	Analogous to the bovine protein, purified Gdi1p slows the dissociation of GDP from Sec4p and releases the GDP-bound form from yeast membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	GDP dissociation inhibitor 1	Bos taurus	42-47
8141770-5	1994	The nucleotide bound to p21rac2 in this complex following isolation was almost exclusively GDP, with less than 2% GTP, and the complex was active in the cell-free assay.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	24-31
8142349-1	1994	A high-resolution solution structure of the GDP form of a truncated version of the ras p21 protein (residues 1-166) has been determined using NMR spectroscopy.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
8136358-1	1994	The active GTP-bound form of p21ras is converted to the biologically inactive GDP-bound form by enzymatic hydrolysis and this function serves to regulate the wild-type ras protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	29-35
8137813-8	1994	A different mutant, rab5 S34N, was found, like the inhibitory p21-ras S17N mutant, to have a preferential affinity for GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	20-24
8137813-8	1994	A different mutant, rab5 S34N, was found, like the inhibitory p21-ras S17N mutant, to have a preferential affinity for GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
8139548-2	1994	Insulin-induced membrane ruffling was inhibited by microinjection of rho GDI, an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange regulator for both rho p21 and rac p21 small GTP-binding proteins, but not inhibited by microinjection of botulinum exoenzyme C3, known to selectively ADP-ribosylate rho p21 and to impair its function.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	insulin	Homo sapiens	0-7
8139548-2	1994	Insulin-induced membrane ruffling was inhibited by microinjection of rho GDI, an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange regulator for both rho p21 and rac p21 small GTP-binding proteins, but not inhibited by microinjection of botulinum exoenzyme C3, known to selectively ADP-ribosylate rho p21 and to impair its function.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	69-76
8139548-2	1994	Insulin-induced membrane ruffling was inhibited by microinjection of rho GDI, an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange regulator for both rho p21 and rac p21 small GTP-binding proteins, but not inhibited by microinjection of botulinum exoenzyme C3, known to selectively ADP-ribosylate rho p21 and to impair its function.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
8139548-2	1994	Insulin-induced membrane ruffling was inhibited by microinjection of rho GDI, an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange regulator for both rho p21 and rac p21 small GTP-binding proteins, but not inhibited by microinjection of botulinum exoenzyme C3, known to selectively ADP-ribosylate rho p21 and to impair its function.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	140-143
8139548-2	1994	Insulin-induced membrane ruffling was inhibited by microinjection of rho GDI, an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange regulator for both rho p21 and rac p21 small GTP-binding proteins, but not inhibited by microinjection of botulinum exoenzyme C3, known to selectively ADP-ribosylate rho p21 and to impair its function.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
8139548-2	1994	Insulin-induced membrane ruffling was inhibited by microinjection of rho GDI, an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange regulator for both rho p21 and rac p21 small GTP-binding proteins, but not inhibited by microinjection of botulinum exoenzyme C3, known to selectively ADP-ribosylate rho p21 and to impair its function.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
8147877-4	1994	Both helicase-primase and UL9 protein ATPase activities were inhibited by ADP or GDP; this effect was competitive rather than allosteric.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	dynein axonemal heavy chain 8	Homo sapiens	38-44
8141770-6	1994	Although the rac/GDI complex could activate the NADPH oxidase in the absence of exogenous GTP, the rate of superoxide production was increased 3-fold by the addition of GTP and was almost completely inhibited by GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	212-215	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	13-16
8141770-7	1994	Our findings confirm that rhoGDI serves as GDP dissociation inhibitor and that the release of p21rac2 from this inhibitor is an important step in activation of the NADPH oxidase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	26-32
8139660-0	1994	Membrane association of Rab5 mediated by GDP-dissociation inhibitor and accompanied by GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	24-28
8125910-0	1994	The GDP-bound form of the small G protein Rac1 p21 is a potent activator of the superoxide-forming NADPH oxidase of macrophages.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Cavia porcellus	42-46
8125910-2	1994	The components participating in the assembly are a membrane-bound flavocytochrome and three cytosolic proteins, one of which was shown to be a dimer of the small GTP-binding protein (G protein) Rac1 p21 or Rac2 p21 with GDP dissociation inhibitor for Rho (Rho GDI).	Guanosine Diphosphate	220-223	ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Cavia porcellus	194-198
8125910-4	1994	Rac1 p21 contained only GDP at a ratio of close to 1 mol of GDP per mol of G protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Cavia porcellus	0-4
8125910-4	1994	Rac1 p21 contained only GDP at a ratio of close to 1 mol of GDP per mol of G protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Cavia porcellus	0-4
8125910-5	1994	The GDP-bound form of Rac1 p21 complexed to Rho GDI functioned as a potent activator of NADPH oxidase in a cell-free system that contained no free GTP or ATP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Cavia porcellus	22-26
8125910-6	1994	We propose that the GDP-bound form of Rac1 p21 might be the physiological activator of NADPH oxidase in macrophages, following its dissociation from Rho GDI, and that nucleotide exchange or conversion to GTP is not necessarily involved.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1	Cavia porcellus	38-42
8139660-0	1994	Membrane association of Rab5 mediated by GDP-dissociation inhibitor and accompanied by GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	24-28
8139660-3	1994	In vitro, Rab proteins are removed from membranes by a protein that inhibits GDP dissociation (rabGDI), which leads to formation of a cytosolic complex of Rab with the inhibitor protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	155-158
8139660-2	1994	The GTP/GDP cycle is believed to control shuttling of Rab proteins between the cytosol and organelle membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	8-11	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	54-57
8139660-3	1994	In vitro, Rab proteins are removed from membranes by a protein that inhibits GDP dissociation (rabGDI), which leads to formation of a cytosolic complex of Rab with the inhibitor protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	10-13
8132533-9	1994	We propose that GMPS-BDB (or AMPS-BDB), which may exist in enolized form in aqueous solution, functions as a reactive analogue of phosphoenolpyruvate and GDP (ADP) to target Cys151 in the active site of pyruvate kinase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	154-157	GMP synthase [glutamine-hydrolyzing]	Oryctolagus cuniculus	16-20
8056761-8	1994	The binding of hsp90 to beta gamma subunits was inhibited by the addition of GDP-bound alpha subunits, but not by GTP gamma S-bound ones.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	15-20
8132533-9	1994	We propose that GMPS-BDB (or AMPS-BDB), which may exist in enolized form in aqueous solution, functions as a reactive analogue of phosphoenolpyruvate and GDP (ADP) to target Cys151 in the active site of pyruvate kinase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	154-157	pyruvate kinase PKLR	Oryctolagus cuniculus	203-218
7516040-8	1994	Vasopressin-induced non-selective cation current was also observed in pertussis toxin-pretreated A7r5 cells but was completely abolished after infusion of the GDP analogue, guanosine 5"-O-[3-thio]diphosphate, from the patch pipette.	Guanosine Diphosphate	159-162	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	0-11
8133029-6	1994	These findings indicate, first, that B cell-derived Vav possesses GDP/GTP exchange activity for Ras; second, that the exchange activity of Vav is accelerated by a slg-triggered, herbimycin A-sensitive TPK and, third, that Vav accounts for most of the receptor-stimulated Ras GDP/GTP exchange activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	275-278	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	52-55
8133029-6	1994	These findings indicate, first, that B cell-derived Vav possesses GDP/GTP exchange activity for Ras; second, that the exchange activity of Vav is accelerated by a slg-triggered, herbimycin A-sensitive TPK and, third, that Vav accounts for most of the receptor-stimulated Ras GDP/GTP exchange activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	275-278	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	139-142
8133029-6	1994	These findings indicate, first, that B cell-derived Vav possesses GDP/GTP exchange activity for Ras; second, that the exchange activity of Vav is accelerated by a slg-triggered, herbimycin A-sensitive TPK and, third, that Vav accounts for most of the receptor-stimulated Ras GDP/GTP exchange activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	275-278	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	139-142
8119395-3	1994	Phosphorylation of IR-beta subunit and Gir by IR tyrosine kinase was almost completely inhibited by 100 microM GTP gamma S, > 75% by 50 microM and 20-30% by 1 microM, while GDP at these concentrations had no significant effect on the phosphorylation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	G protein-coupled receptor 83	Homo sapiens	39-42
8133029-0	1994	Tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of Vav GTP/GDP exchange activity in antigen receptor-triggered B cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	43-46
8133029-3	1994	Here, we show that B cell extracts or Vav immunoprecipitates contain a Ras GDP/GTP exchange activity that is stimulated upon surface Ig (slg) triggering.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	38-41
8133029-5	1994	Furthermore, immunodepletion of Vav from the B cell extracts removed approximately 80% of the Ras GDP/GTP exchange activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	32-35
8133029-6	1994	These findings indicate, first, that B cell-derived Vav possesses GDP/GTP exchange activity for Ras; second, that the exchange activity of Vav is accelerated by a slg-triggered, herbimycin A-sensitive TPK and, third, that Vav accounts for most of the receptor-stimulated Ras GDP/GTP exchange activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	52-55
8133029-6	1994	These findings indicate, first, that B cell-derived Vav possesses GDP/GTP exchange activity for Ras; second, that the exchange activity of Vav is accelerated by a slg-triggered, herbimycin A-sensitive TPK and, third, that Vav accounts for most of the receptor-stimulated Ras GDP/GTP exchange activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	139-142
8133029-6	1994	These findings indicate, first, that B cell-derived Vav possesses GDP/GTP exchange activity for Ras; second, that the exchange activity of Vav is accelerated by a slg-triggered, herbimycin A-sensitive TPK and, third, that Vav accounts for most of the receptor-stimulated Ras GDP/GTP exchange activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	139-142
8106517-3	1994	Characterization of their intrinsic GTPase and GDP dissociation as well as their ability to stimulate adenylate cyclase showed that these activities of RAS2-E99K mutant protein were similar to those of the wild type protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	152-156
8106517-4	1994	RAS2-E130K protein, on the other hand, differed from the wild type protein with a fast GDP dissociation rate and 2-fold higher activation of adenylate cyclase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-4
8112292-6	1994	mSos1 stimulates conversion of the inactive GDP-bound form of Ras to the active GTP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Mus musculus	0-5
8294403-7	1994	After its phosphorylation, Shc interacted with another adapter protein, Grb2, and, via Grb2, with the Ras GTP/GDP exchange factor mSOS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	src homology 2 domain-containing transforming protein C1	Mus musculus	27-30
8117282-1	1994	Ash/Grb2 is a protein having one SH2 domain flanked by two SH3 domains and is implicated to serve as an adaptor protein which links the EGF receptor to mammalian Sos (mSos), a GDP/GTP exchange protein for Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Homo sapiens	4-8
8117282-3	1994	The Ash-interacting proteins stimulated the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of Ki-Ras and Ha-Ras but not that of other small GTP-binding proteins including at least Rap1, RhoA, Rac1, and Rab3A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	73-79
8108465-2	1994	To this end, we assessed body temperature, guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP) binding to the IBAT mitochondrial uncoupling protein (UCP) and the induction of UCP mRNA after both 1-hr and 48-hr mild cold exposures at 8 degrees C and after a more severe, 1-hr cold exposure at 4 degrees C in 3- and 24-month-old F-344 rats.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-67	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	128-131
8108465-2	1994	To this end, we assessed body temperature, guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP) binding to the IBAT mitochondrial uncoupling protein (UCP) and the induction of UCP mRNA after both 1-hr and 48-hr mild cold exposures at 8 degrees C and after a more severe, 1-hr cold exposure at 4 degrees C in 3- and 24-month-old F-344 rats.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	128-131
8108465-7	1994	GDP binding to UCP increased 75% following cold exposure and, surprisingly was the same in young and old rats.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	15-18
8117282-0	1994	Kinetic properties of Ash/Grb2-interacting GDP/GTP exchange protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Homo sapiens	26-30
8060491-1	1994	We have previously shown that micromolar concentrations of GDP stimulate the GTP-mediated phosphorylation of p36, the alpha subunit of succinyl-CoA synthetase (SCS), in lysates prepared from Dictyostelium discoideum.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Sus scrofa	160-163
8060491-5	1994	This effect is retained during purification of the protein and is also observed with purified pig heart SCS, indicating that GDP directly alters the enzyme to enhance its rate of phosphorylation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Sus scrofa	104-107
8060491-6	1994	Under these conditions, GDP does not function at the catalytic site, implying an allosteric regulation of SCS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Sus scrofa	106-109
8060496-0	1994	Comparison of the low energy conformations of an oncogenic and a non-oncogenic p21 protein, neither of which binds GTP or GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	79-82
8060496-2	1994	Since p21 is normally activated by the binding of GTP in place of GDP, it has been postulated that oncogenic forms must retain bound GTP for prolonged time periods.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	6-9
8060496-3	1994	However, two multiply substituted p21 proteins have been cloned, neither of which binds GDP or GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-37
8060496-11	1994	These regions have been found to be the most flexible in the p21 protein bound to GDP from prior molecular dynamics calculations (Dykes et al., 1993).	Guanosine Diphosphate	82-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	61-64
8289791-8	1994	Most critically, a complex of Ras and CDC25 protein, unlike free Fas protein, possesses significantly greater affinity for GTP than for GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	38-43
8289791-9	1994	Furthermore, the Ras CDC25 complex is more readily dissociated into free subunits by GTP than it is by GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	21-26
8289791-10	1994	Both of these results suggest a function for CDC25 in promoting the selective exchange of GTP for GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	45-50
7507489-6	1994	As analyzed, by filter binding assay, Mx1 protein (at 1 microM) showed a relatively high affinity for GDP (Kd = 1.0 x 10(-7) M) and approximately 340-fold lower affinity for guanosine 5"-3-O-(thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S) (Kd = 3.4 x 10(-5) M).	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	MX dynamin-like GTPase 1	Mus musculus	38-41
7507489-7	1994	The Kd values for MxA protein were 2.0 x 10(-7) M for GDP and 5.9 x 10(-6) M for GTP gamma S, showing approximately a 30-fold affinity difference.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	MX dynamin like GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	18-21
8286364-7	1994	As for the Y32W-Ras protein bound with an unhydrolyzable GTP analogue (GMPPNP), the Trp32 fluorescence is appreciably red-shifted, weaker, and more susceptible to KI quenching as compared to that of the GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	203-206	thioredoxin like 1	Homo sapiens	84-89
8307033-8	1994	Specific GDP binding was a direct measure of the UCP concentration during maximally activated or inactivated thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue.	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	49-52
8307033-9	1994	We suggest that variable GDP binding reflects the functional activity of UCP based on different protein conformations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	25-28	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	73-76
8288610-1	1994	Using three different trans dominant mutants of bovine ARF1 affecting GDP exchange or GTP hydrolysis we demonstrate the central role of ARF1 in controlling vesicular traffic from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi apparatus and between successive Golgi compartments.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Bos taurus	55-59
8288610-1	1994	Using three different trans dominant mutants of bovine ARF1 affecting GDP exchange or GTP hydrolysis we demonstrate the central role of ARF1 in controlling vesicular traffic from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi apparatus and between successive Golgi compartments.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Bos taurus	136-140
8288610-3	1994	In contrast, ARF1(T31N), a mutant which is likely to have a preferential affinity for GDP compared to the wild-type protein, inhibited export from the ER and triggered a brefeldin A-like phenotype, resulting in the redistribution of beta-COP from Golgi membranes to the cytosol and the collapse of the Golgi into the ER.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Bos taurus	13-17
8276860-3	1994	Previous studies have provided evidence that oncogenic Dbl or an associated protein stimulates GDP dissociation from the human species (Hs) homolog of CDC42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	55-58
8276860-4	1994	We show here that Dbl specifically complexes with the GDP-bound forms of CDC42Hs and RhoA, but not Rac1 or TC10, and that this specificity correlates with the ability of Dbl to act as a GDP-releasing factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	18-21
8276860-4	1994	We show here that Dbl specifically complexes with the GDP-bound forms of CDC42Hs and RhoA, but not Rac1 or TC10, and that this specificity correlates with the ability of Dbl to act as a GDP-releasing factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	73-80
8276860-4	1994	We show here that Dbl specifically complexes with the GDP-bound forms of CDC42Hs and RhoA, but not Rac1 or TC10, and that this specificity correlates with the ability of Dbl to act as a GDP-releasing factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	85-89
8276860-4	1994	We show here that Dbl specifically complexes with the GDP-bound forms of CDC42Hs and RhoA, but not Rac1 or TC10, and that this specificity correlates with the ability of Dbl to act as a GDP-releasing factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	170-173
8276860-5	1994	Small deletions throughout the Dbl domain, which inactivate transformation, eliminated the ability of Dbl to stimulate GDP dissociation, whereas deletions outside of this domain did not impair either function.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	31-34
8276860-5	1994	Small deletions throughout the Dbl domain, which inactivate transformation, eliminated the ability of Dbl to stimulate GDP dissociation, whereas deletions outside of this domain did not impair either function.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	102-105
8276860-6	1994	Finally, the Dbl domain itself, when expressed and purified as a recombinant protein, was shown to stimulate GDP dissociation from purified, recombinant CDC42Hs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	13-16
8276860-6	1994	Finally, the Dbl domain itself, when expressed and purified as a recombinant protein, was shown to stimulate GDP dissociation from purified, recombinant CDC42Hs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	153-160
8286364-8	1994	Two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy with selectively deuterated Ras proteins revealed fewer and weaker nuclear Overhauser effects on the aromatic protons of Trp32 in the GMPPNP-bound form than in the GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	197-200	thioredoxin like 1	Homo sapiens	154-159
8286364-9	1994	This indicates that the side chain of Trp32 is more exposed to the solvent in the GMPPNP-bound form than in the GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	thioredoxin like 1	Homo sapiens	38-43
8302589-2	1994	This HGF-induced cell motility was inhibited by microinjection of either rho GDI, an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein for rho p21 small GTP-binding protein, or a botulinum exoenzyme C3 which is known to selectively impair the function of rho p21 by ADP-ribosylating its effector domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	hepatocyte growth factor	Mus musculus	5-8
8068240-2	1994	Analysis of [3H]GDP-binding characteristics to UCP in isolated membranes also showed a significant reduction in Bmax without significant effect on Kd.	Guanosine Diphosphate	16-19	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	47-50
8137877-5	1994	The depression of the Ca2+ channel current by interleukin-1 beta was prevented by the extracellular application of pertussis toxin, and by the intracellular application of GDP[beta S], H-7, staurosporine or bisindolylmaleimide.	Guanosine Diphosphate	172-175	LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: carbonic anhydrase 2	Cavia porcellus	22-25
8137877-5	1994	The depression of the Ca2+ channel current by interleukin-1 beta was prevented by the extracellular application of pertussis toxin, and by the intracellular application of GDP[beta S], H-7, staurosporine or bisindolylmaleimide.	Guanosine Diphosphate	172-175	interleukin-1 beta	Cavia porcellus	46-64
7787254-1	1994	Substitution of asparagine for serine at position 17 of human H-ras results in an impaired GTP-binding activity, causing the mutant Ras protein to be locked in a constitutively inactive GDP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	186-189	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	62-67
8300560-4	1994	Here we report that the product of the CDC24 gene, which is required for proper bud-site selection and bud emergence, can stimulate the exchange of GTP for GDP on Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC24	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	39-44
8300560-4	1994	Here we report that the product of the CDC24 gene, which is required for proper bud-site selection and bud emergence, can stimulate the exchange of GTP for GDP on Cdc42.	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	163-168
7581745-3	1994	The exchange of GDP bound to chain initiation factor 2 (eIF-2) for GTP by GEF is a rate limiting step in protein synthesis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	16-19	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	56-61
7581745-3	1994	The exchange of GDP bound to chain initiation factor 2 (eIF-2) for GTP by GEF is a rate limiting step in protein synthesis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	16-19	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	74-77
7581745-6	1994	On the other hand, phosphorylation of the largest subunit of GEF (82-kD subunit) by casein kinase (CK) I or II stimulates GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	61-64
7581745-6	1994	On the other hand, phosphorylation of the largest subunit of GEF (82-kD subunit) by casein kinase (CK) I or II stimulates GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	choline kinase alpha	Homo sapiens	84-104
8144711-5	1994	The first demonstrates the ability of the program to generate candidate inhibitors for a receptor site of known 3D structure, specifically the GDP binding site of p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	163-166
8302589-2	1994	This HGF-induced cell motility was inhibited by microinjection of either rho GDI, an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein for rho p21 small GTP-binding protein, or a botulinum exoenzyme C3 which is known to selectively impair the function of rho p21 by ADP-ribosylating its effector domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	129-132
8142894-7	1994	In general, the spectral shifts provide a rationale for the stronger binding of GDP and IDP with p21 compared to EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
8142894-7	1994	In general, the spectral shifts provide a rationale for the stronger binding of GDP and IDP with p21 compared to EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	113-118
8253741-5	1993	These lipids were active at concentrations from 0.5-50 microM and were capable of disrupting complexation of (Rho)GDI with both GDP- and GTP-bound forms of Rac, although the latter were more sensitive to lipid.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	110-117
8263542-7	1994	Binding was eliminated in the presence of guanosine 5"-O-(3-thiotriphosphate), indicating that the Hm2 receptors labeled by [3H]CD are those that are associated with GDP-bound G protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	166-169	cholinergic receptor muscarinic 2	Homo sapiens	99-102
8253741-5	1993	These lipids were active at concentrations from 0.5-50 microM and were capable of disrupting complexation of (Rho)GDI with both GDP- and GTP-bound forms of Rac, although the latter were more sensitive to lipid.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	156-159
8253196-1	1993	Bovine tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (EC 6.1.1.2) deprived of Zn2+ by chelation with the phosphonate analog of Ap4A hydrolyzed ATP(GTP) to ADP(GDP) although its ability to form tryptophanyl adenylate was impaired.	Guanosine Diphosphate	142-145	tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase 1	Homo sapiens	7-35
8257693-1	1993	The solution dynamics of normal and transforming p21ras proteins in both the GTP- and GDP-bound forms were examined with time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	49-55
8244990-0	1993	Comparison of kinetic properties between two mammalian ras p21 GDP/GTP exchange proteins, ras guanine nucleotide-releasing factor and smg GDP dissociation stimulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
8244990-0	1993	Comparison of kinetic properties between two mammalian ras p21 GDP/GTP exchange proteins, ras guanine nucleotide-releasing factor and smg GDP dissociation stimulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	sterile alpha motif domain containing 4A	Homo sapiens	134-137
8262526-4	1993	Here, we have refined the localization of smg GDP to human chromosome 4q21-q25 using a mapping panel of rodent/human somatic cell hybrids containing different parts of chromosome 4.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G	Homo sapiens	42-45
8255297-2	1993	Ran has been proposed to undergo tightly controlled cycles of GTP binding and hydrolysis, to operate as a GTPase switch whose GTP- and GDP-bound forms interact differentially with regulators and effectors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-3
7512369-0	1993	Identification of a novel protein with GDP dissociation inhibitor activity for the ras-like proteins CDC42Hs and rac I.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	101-118
8226937-1	1993	rho GDI is an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein for the rho family.	Guanosine Diphosphate	25-28	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	0-7
8129867-1	1993	We previously reported a complete computer-based three-dimensional structure for residues 1-171 of the Gly 12-containing ras-gene-encoded p21 protein complexed with GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	138-141
8226909-4	1993	Rab5N133I, a point mutant that has impaired ability to bind GTP or GDP, undergoes modification to a limited extent and at a severely reduced rate when compared to cognate Rab5.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-4
8226909-6	1993	Since the latter mutation results in defective GTPase activity, these combined observations indicate that guanine nucleotide binding plays an important role in the geranylgeranylation reaction and suggest that the GDP-bound form of Rab5 is the preferred conformation for interaction with Rab prenyltransferase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	214-217	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	232-236
8246988-6	1993	Each type of GRF protein was found in cytosolic and membrane fractions, and the protein in each fraction could stimulate guanine nucleotide release from GDP.Ras in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	growth hormone releasing hormone	Mus musculus	13-16
8226937-3	1993	Here, we examined whether rho GDI interacts with the GTP-bound form of rho p21 and rac p21 and inhibits their basal and rho GAP-stimulated GTPase activity, rho GDI interacted with both the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of rhoA p21 and rac1 p21 as estimated by measuring its ability to form a complex with both forms and to inhibit the membrane-binding activity of both forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	189-192	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	156-163
8226937-3	1993	Here, we examined whether rho GDI interacts with the GTP-bound form of rho p21 and rac p21 and inhibits their basal and rho GAP-stimulated GTPase activity, rho GDI interacted with both the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of rhoA p21 and rac1 p21 as estimated by measuring its ability to form a complex with both forms and to inhibit the membrane-binding activity of both forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	189-192	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
8226937-3	1993	Here, we examined whether rho GDI interacts with the GTP-bound form of rho p21 and rac p21 and inhibits their basal and rho GAP-stimulated GTPase activity, rho GDI interacted with both the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of rhoA p21 and rac1 p21 as estimated by measuring its ability to form a complex with both forms and to inhibit the membrane-binding activity of both forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	189-192	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
8226937-3	1993	Here, we examined whether rho GDI interacts with the GTP-bound form of rho p21 and rac p21 and inhibits their basal and rho GAP-stimulated GTPase activity, rho GDI interacted with both the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of rhoA p21 and rac1 p21 as estimated by measuring its ability to form a complex with both forms and to inhibit the membrane-binding activity of both forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	189-192	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
8226937-4	1993	The efficiency of rho GDI for interaction with the GTP-bound form was, however, about 10% that for interaction with the GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	18-25
8226937-6	1993	The doses of rho GDI necessary for this action were, however, about 10-fold higher than those necessary for the action to inhibit their GDP/GTP exchange reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	13-20
8226937-7	1993	These results indicate that rho GDI interacts with the GTP-bound form of its substrate small G proteins, as well as with the GDP-bound form, but much less efficiently than with the GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	28-35
8226937-7	1993	These results indicate that rho GDI interacts with the GTP-bound form of its substrate small G proteins, as well as with the GDP-bound form, but much less efficiently than with the GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	181-184	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	28-35
8226999-12	1993	The S35N mutation, which is immediately downstream of the first GTP/GDP binding motif, decreased guanine nucleotide binding by approximately 4-fold and partially inactivated rab5.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	174-178
8223626-4	1993	Unprocessed and processed rab6p display similar binding-rate constants (kon) for GDP and GTP (1-1.9 microM-1 min-1).	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	RAB6A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	26-31
8223626-6	1993	Processed rab6p in low and high magnesium solutions displays similar koff values for GTP and GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	RAB6A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	10-15
8223626-7	1993	However, unprocessed rab6p has a koff value higher for GDP than for GTP in both low and high magnesium solutions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	RAB6A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	21-26
8228821-4	1993	First, stimulation of TA3 7.9 Ag-specific murine B lymphoma cells for 2 min with either Ag or F(ab")2 anti-IgM induces p21ras activation as measured by an increase in the GTP/GDP ratio of its bound nucleotides.	Guanosine Diphosphate	175-178	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	119-125
8282094-4	1993	Rac2 is active in its GTP-bound form, and requires post-translational processing (isoprenylation) in order to interact with regulatory proteins which stimulate the exchange of GTP for GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	184-187	Rac family small GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
8282094-5	1993	In the resting neutrophil, Rac is localized to the cytosol in the form of a complex with a GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	27-30
8263034-0	1993	Insulin stimulates GDP release from G proteins in the rat and human liver plasma membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	19-22	insulin	Homo sapiens	0-7
8263034-7	1993	In the rat membranes, 1-100 nM glucagon (used as a positive control) stimulated [32P]GDP release by about 17% (P < .05); similarly, 0.1-100 nM insulin stimulated [32P]GDP release by 10-13% (P < .05).	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-173	insulin	Homo sapiens	146-153
8263034-8	1993	In the human membranes, 10 pM to 100 nM insulin stimulated [32P]GDP release by 7-10%.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	insulin	Homo sapiens	40-47
8263034-9	1993	In the rat membranes, 10 nM insulin stimulated [32P]GDP release by 17 and 24% at 2 and 4 min, respectively (P < .05); in the human membranes, 10 nM insulin stimulated [32P]GDP release by about 9% at 2 and 4 min.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	insulin	Homo sapiens	28-35
8263034-9	1993	In the rat membranes, 10 nM insulin stimulated [32P]GDP release by 17 and 24% at 2 and 4 min, respectively (P < .05); in the human membranes, 10 nM insulin stimulated [32P]GDP release by about 9% at 2 and 4 min.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	insulin	Homo sapiens	151-158
8263034-9	1993	In the rat membranes, 10 nM insulin stimulated [32P]GDP release by 17 and 24% at 2 and 4 min, respectively (P < .05); in the human membranes, 10 nM insulin stimulated [32P]GDP release by about 9% at 2 and 4 min.	Guanosine Diphosphate	175-178	insulin	Homo sapiens	28-35
8263034-9	1993	In the rat membranes, 10 nM insulin stimulated [32P]GDP release by 17 and 24% at 2 and 4 min, respectively (P < .05); in the human membranes, 10 nM insulin stimulated [32P]GDP release by about 9% at 2 and 4 min.	Guanosine Diphosphate	175-178	insulin	Homo sapiens	151-158
8305740-2	1993	Rac proteins are active when in the GTP-bound form and can be regulated by a variety of proteins that modulate the exchange of GDP for GTP and/or GTP hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	127-130	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
8407925-7	1993	Preincubation of eEF-2 with GDP protected Trp221 against NBS oxidation and prevented concomitant inactivation of the factor, whereas preincubation of eEF-2 with GTP increased the sensitivity of the same Trp221 residue to the reagent.	Guanosine Diphosphate	28-31	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	17-22
8234337-4	1993	The BUD5 gene product is required for proper bud-site selection and contains similarity to GDP-dissociation stimulators (GDS) for Ras-type proteins, suggesting that Bud5p may be a GDS for Rsr1p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor BUD5	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	4-8
8234337-4	1993	The BUD5 gene product is required for proper bud-site selection and contains similarity to GDP-dissociation stimulators (GDS) for Ras-type proteins, suggesting that Bud5p may be a GDS for Rsr1p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor BUD5	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	165-170
8234337-4	1993	The BUD5 gene product is required for proper bud-site selection and contains similarity to GDP-dissociation stimulators (GDS) for Ras-type proteins, suggesting that Bud5p may be a GDS for Rsr1p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	Ras family GTPase RSR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	188-193
8226729-2	1993	It is proposed that the GTP/GDP state of Rab3A controls this distribution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	28-31	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	41-46
8226729-3	1993	In PC12 cells, cytosolic Rab3A is predominantly GDP-bound, whereas membrane-associated Rab3A is approximately 50% GTP-bound.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	25-30
8226729-4	1993	Two cytosolic factors, GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) and guanine nucleotide releasing factor (GRF), act only on GDP.Rab3A, and preferentially with post-translationally modified Rab3A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	119-124
8226729-4	1993	Two cytosolic factors, GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) and guanine nucleotide releasing factor (GRF), act only on GDP.Rab3A, and preferentially with post-translationally modified Rab3A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	180-185
8226729-4	1993	Two cytosolic factors, GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) and guanine nucleotide releasing factor (GRF), act only on GDP.Rab3A, and preferentially with post-translationally modified Rab3A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	119-124
8375508-2	1993	Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor (Rab GDI), will induce the dissociation of GDP-bound rab3A from synaptic membranes and will inhibit GDP dissociation from Sec4, a member of the Rab subgroup of the Ras GTPase superfamily which is required for exocytosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	GDP dissociation inhibitor	Drosophila melanogaster	36-39
8375508-2	1993	Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor (Rab GDI), will induce the dissociation of GDP-bound rab3A from synaptic membranes and will inhibit GDP dissociation from Sec4, a member of the Rab subgroup of the Ras GTPase superfamily which is required for exocytosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	153-157
8375508-2	1993	Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor (Rab GDI), will induce the dissociation of GDP-bound rab3A from synaptic membranes and will inhibit GDP dissociation from Sec4, a member of the Rab subgroup of the Ras GTPase superfamily which is required for exocytosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	GDP dissociation inhibitor	Drosophila melanogaster	36-39
8375508-2	1993	Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor (Rab GDI), will induce the dissociation of GDP-bound rab3A from synaptic membranes and will inhibit GDP dissociation from Sec4, a member of the Rab subgroup of the Ras GTPase superfamily which is required for exocytosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	153-157
8375508-2	1993	Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor (Rab GDI), will induce the dissociation of GDP-bound rab3A from synaptic membranes and will inhibit GDP dissociation from Sec4, a member of the Rab subgroup of the Ras GTPase superfamily which is required for exocytosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	GDP dissociation inhibitor	Drosophila melanogaster	36-39
8375508-2	1993	Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor (Rab GDI), will induce the dissociation of GDP-bound rab3A from synaptic membranes and will inhibit GDP dissociation from Sec4, a member of the Rab subgroup of the Ras GTPase superfamily which is required for exocytosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	153-157
8375508-3	1993	We report that Rab GDI releases GDP-bound Sec4 from yeast membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	GDP dissociation inhibitor	Drosophila melanogaster	19-22
8375508-3	1993	We report that Rab GDI releases GDP-bound Sec4 from yeast membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	42-46
8375508-4	1993	dGDI, a Drosophila homologue can similarly inhibit GDP dissociation from Sec4 and release GDP-bound Sec4 from yeast membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	GDP dissociation inhibitor	Drosophila melanogaster	0-4
8375508-4	1993	dGDI, a Drosophila homologue can similarly inhibit GDP dissociation from Sec4 and release GDP-bound Sec4 from yeast membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	73-77
8375508-4	1993	dGDI, a Drosophila homologue can similarly inhibit GDP dissociation from Sec4 and release GDP-bound Sec4 from yeast membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	GDP dissociation inhibitor	Drosophila melanogaster	0-4
8375508-4	1993	dGDI, a Drosophila homologue can similarly inhibit GDP dissociation from Sec4 and release GDP-bound Sec4 from yeast membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	100-104
8375508-5	1993	An activity partially purified from yeast cytosol dissociates GDP-bound Sec4 from yeast membranes, suggesting that yeast also possess a GDI protein that functions to recycle Sec4 from its target membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	72-76
8375508-5	1993	An activity partially purified from yeast cytosol dissociates GDP-bound Sec4 from yeast membranes, suggesting that yeast also possess a GDI protein that functions to recycle Sec4 from its target membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	GDP dissociation inhibitor	Drosophila melanogaster	136-139
8375508-5	1993	An activity partially purified from yeast cytosol dissociates GDP-bound Sec4 from yeast membranes, suggesting that yeast also possess a GDI protein that functions to recycle Sec4 from its target membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	174-178
8240325-2	1993	The GDI protein inhibited the dissociation of GDP from G25K.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	55-59
8240325-3	1993	G25K and the GDI protein form a heterodimer and remain associated with either GDP or GTP gamma S bound.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	0-4
8240325-4	1993	The GDI protein inhibited carboxyl methylation of G25K in the presence of magnesium and GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	50-54
8240325-5	1993	The GDI protein appears to be an important regulator of G25K methylation by blocking methylation of G25K in the inactive GDP-bound conformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	56-60
8240325-5	1993	The GDI protein appears to be an important regulator of G25K methylation by blocking methylation of G25K in the inactive GDP-bound conformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	100-104
8242233-4	1993	Application of 10 microM levcromakalim ((-)-Ckm) to single cells held with pipettes containing 1 mM GDP induced a K-current (IK(Ckm)) which occurred in addition to the current caused by GDP alone (IK(GDP)) and averaged 135 pA at -37 mV.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	creatine kinase M-type	Oryctolagus cuniculus	44-47
8242233-4	1993	Application of 10 microM levcromakalim ((-)-Ckm) to single cells held with pipettes containing 1 mM GDP induced a K-current (IK(Ckm)) which occurred in addition to the current caused by GDP alone (IK(GDP)) and averaged 135 pA at -37 mV.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	creatine kinase M-type	Oryctolagus cuniculus	128-131
8242233-4	1993	Application of 10 microM levcromakalim ((-)-Ckm) to single cells held with pipettes containing 1 mM GDP induced a K-current (IK(Ckm)) which occurred in addition to the current caused by GDP alone (IK(GDP)) and averaged 135 pA at -37 mV.	Guanosine Diphosphate	186-189	creatine kinase M-type	Oryctolagus cuniculus	44-47
8242233-4	1993	Application of 10 microM levcromakalim ((-)-Ckm) to single cells held with pipettes containing 1 mM GDP induced a K-current (IK(Ckm)) which occurred in addition to the current caused by GDP alone (IK(GDP)) and averaged 135 pA at -37 mV.	Guanosine Diphosphate	186-189	creatine kinase M-type	Oryctolagus cuniculus	44-47
8242233-7	1993	If 1 mM GDP was in the pipette but Mg ions were omitted the effect of GDP was absent and IK(Ckm) averaged only 10 pA, suggesting that the action of (-)-Ckm was Mg-dependent.	Guanosine Diphosphate	8-11	creatine kinase M-type	Oryctolagus cuniculus	92-95
8242233-7	1993	If 1 mM GDP was in the pipette but Mg ions were omitted the effect of GDP was absent and IK(Ckm) averaged only 10 pA, suggesting that the action of (-)-Ckm was Mg-dependent.	Guanosine Diphosphate	8-11	creatine kinase M-type	Oryctolagus cuniculus	152-155
8242233-16	1993	In inside-out patch recordings (- )-Ckm (10 microM) applied to the intracellular surface of the membrane potentiated the opening of K channels already stimulated by I mM GDP and all of the channel activity was abolished by 10 microM glibenclamide.	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-173	creatine kinase M-type	Oryctolagus cuniculus	36-39
8397512-9	1993	IFN-gamma-stimulated AA release was completely blocked by the guanine nucleotide analogue that inhibits G-protein function, guanosine 5"-[beta-thio]diphosphate (GDP[S]).	Guanosine Diphosphate	161-164	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-9
8408000-8	1993	smg GDP dissociation stimulator, which stimulates the exchange of GDP for GTP on a variety of small GTP-binding proteins, stimulated GTP-dependent phospholipase D activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G	Homo sapiens	0-3
8408000-8	1993	smg GDP dissociation stimulator, which stimulates the exchange of GDP for GTP on a variety of small GTP-binding proteins, stimulated GTP-dependent phospholipase D activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G	Homo sapiens	0-3
8371782-4	1993	Bud1 protein (Bud1p) has sequence similarity to Ras, a small GTP-binding protein, and Bud5p is similar to Cdc25p (refs 4, 5), a GDP-GTP exchange factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	Ras family GTPase RSR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-4
8371782-4	1993	Bud1 protein (Bud1p) has sequence similarity to Ras, a small GTP-binding protein, and Bud5p is similar to Cdc25p (refs 4, 5), a GDP-GTP exchange factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	Ras family GTPase RSR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	14-19
8371782-4	1993	Bud1 protein (Bud1p) has sequence similarity to Ras, a small GTP-binding protein, and Bud5p is similar to Cdc25p (refs 4, 5), a GDP-GTP exchange factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor BUD5	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	86-91
8371782-4	1993	Bud1 protein (Bud1p) has sequence similarity to Ras, a small GTP-binding protein, and Bud5p is similar to Cdc25p (refs 4, 5), a GDP-GTP exchange factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	106-112
8352776-1	1993	Rho p21 and rac p21 small GTP-binding proteins are regulated by the same inhibitory and stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange proteins termed rho GDI and smg GDS, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
8352776-1	1993	Rho p21 and rac p21 small GTP-binding proteins are regulated by the same inhibitory and stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange proteins termed rho GDI and smg GDS, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	12-15
8352776-1	1993	Rho p21 and rac p21 small GTP-binding proteins are regulated by the same inhibitory and stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange proteins termed rho GDI and smg GDS, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	16-19
8352776-1	1993	Rho p21 and rac p21 small GTP-binding proteins are regulated by the same inhibitory and stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange proteins termed rho GDI and smg GDS, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	133-140
8352776-1	1993	Rho p21 and rac p21 small GTP-binding proteins are regulated by the same inhibitory and stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange proteins termed rho GDI and smg GDS, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	145-152
8352776-3	1993	RhoA p21 and rac1 p21 have similar GDP/GTP exchange rates in the absence of rho GDI and smg GDS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	5-8
8352776-3	1993	RhoA p21 and rac1 p21 have similar GDP/GTP exchange rates in the absence of rho GDI and smg GDS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
8352776-3	1993	RhoA p21 and rac1 p21 have similar GDP/GTP exchange rates in the absence of rho GDI and smg GDS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
8352776-4	1993	The velocity of the GDP/GTP exchange reaction for rhoA p21 was enhanced much more by smg GDS than was the velocity of nucleotide exchange for rac1 p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	55-58
8352776-4	1993	The velocity of the GDP/GTP exchange reaction for rhoA p21 was enhanced much more by smg GDS than was the velocity of nucleotide exchange for rac1 p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	85-92
8356058-0	1993	Ly-GDI, a GDP-dissociation inhibitor of the RhoA GTP-binding protein, is expressed preferentially in lymphocytes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	10-13	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	0-6
8349690-3	1993	Smg p25A/rab3A GDI, a cytosolic protein which inhibits the dissociation of GDP from smg p25A/rab3A, Sec4p, and rab11, has also been found to prevent association of rab3A with the membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Canis lupus familiaris	9-14
8349690-3	1993	Smg p25A/rab3A GDI, a cytosolic protein which inhibits the dissociation of GDP from smg p25A/rab3A, Sec4p, and rab11, has also been found to prevent association of rab3A with the membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Canis lupus familiaris	93-98
8349690-3	1993	Smg p25A/rab3A GDI, a cytosolic protein which inhibits the dissociation of GDP from smg p25A/rab3A, Sec4p, and rab11, has also been found to prevent association of rab3A with the membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Canis lupus familiaris	111-116
8349690-3	1993	Smg p25A/rab3A GDI, a cytosolic protein which inhibits the dissociation of GDP from smg p25A/rab3A, Sec4p, and rab11, has also been found to prevent association of rab3A with the membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Canis lupus familiaris	93-98
8356058-0	1993	Ly-GDI, a GDP-dissociation inhibitor of the RhoA GTP-binding protein, is expressed preferentially in lymphocytes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	10-13	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	44-48
8356058-3	1993	By utilizing a subtractive hybridization approach, we have isolated a human gene encoding Ly-GDI, a protein that has striking homology to the product of a previously cloned gene, Rho-GDI, which inhibits GDP/GTP exchange on the Rho family of GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	203-206	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	90-96
8356058-3	1993	By utilizing a subtractive hybridization approach, we have isolated a human gene encoding Ly-GDI, a protein that has striking homology to the product of a previously cloned gene, Rho-GDI, which inhibits GDP/GTP exchange on the Rho family of GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	203-206	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	179-186
8356058-5	1993	The full-length Ly-GDI cDNA encodes a 27-kDa protein which binds to RhoA and inhibits GDP dissociation from RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	16-22
8356058-5	1993	The full-length Ly-GDI cDNA encodes a 27-kDa protein which binds to RhoA and inhibits GDP dissociation from RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	108-112
8231812-2	1993	Responses, including G1 arrest and expression of genes such as FUS1, are activated by beta gamma, which is negatively controlled by alpha(GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	Fus1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	63-67
8338834-1	1993	We have used nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to compare the conformational changes produced by replacement of bound GDP by the GTP analogs guanosine 5"-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTP gamma S) and guanylyl (beta, gamma-imido)diphosphate (GMPPNP) in wild-type p21ras as well as the oncogenic mutant (G12D)p21ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	263-269
8103216-2	1993	When the alpha-subunit of eIF-2 is phosphorylated by an eIF-2 alpha kinase, the phosphorylated eIF-2 alpha (eIF-2 alpha(P)) binds tightly to eIF-2B and prevents the recycling of eIF-2.GDP to eIF-2.GTP which is required for sustained initiation of protein synthesis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	184-187	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Bos taurus	56-67
8103216-2	1993	When the alpha-subunit of eIF-2 is phosphorylated by an eIF-2 alpha kinase, the phosphorylated eIF-2 alpha (eIF-2 alpha(P)) binds tightly to eIF-2B and prevents the recycling of eIF-2.GDP to eIF-2.GTP which is required for sustained initiation of protein synthesis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	184-187	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Bos taurus	95-106
8103216-2	1993	When the alpha-subunit of eIF-2 is phosphorylated by an eIF-2 alpha kinase, the phosphorylated eIF-2 alpha (eIF-2 alpha(P)) binds tightly to eIF-2B and prevents the recycling of eIF-2.GDP to eIF-2.GTP which is required for sustained initiation of protein synthesis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	184-187	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Bos taurus	95-106
8394989-8	1993	These mutations appear to independently alter the two rate-limiting steps in activation of the G protein alpha subunit, i.e., GTP hydrolysis and GDP dissociation, allowing subsequent GTP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	145-148	mitochondrial ribosome associated GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	183-186
8394989-9	1993	Within this region of alpha s, Arg-42 is just amino-terminal to the G-1 sequence comprising part of the GDP/GTP binding pocket.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	mitochondrial ribosome associated GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	108-111
8338834-4	1993	With GTP gamma S, seven new resonances replace the eight resonances specifically associated with GDP-p21ras, but in GMPPNP-p21ras only two resonances replace the GDP-specific resonances that are lost.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	101-107
8338834-13	1993	In (G12D)p21ras, replacement of GDP by GTP gamma S causes the resonances of glycines 10, 13, 15, 60, and 75 and isoleucine 21 and four others to shift from their GDP-specific positions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	9-15
8338834-13	1993	In (G12D)p21ras, replacement of GDP by GTP gamma S causes the resonances of glycines 10, 13, 15, 60, and 75 and isoleucine 21 and four others to shift from their GDP-specific positions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	162-165	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	9-15
8338843-3	1993	All assays gave good agreement except the filter binding assay of [3H]-GDP bound to p21, which gave values of 35-40% compared to the other methods.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
8334162-2	1993	The former can bind guanine nucleotides but not initiator tRNA, and also exhibits a substantially reduced rate of initiation factor eIF-2B-mediated GDP/GTP-exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	132-138
8338834-1	1993	We have used nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to compare the conformational changes produced by replacement of bound GDP by the GTP analogs guanosine 5"-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTP gamma S) and guanylyl (beta, gamma-imido)diphosphate (GMPPNP) in wild-type p21ras as well as the oncogenic mutant (G12D)p21ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	308-314
8325834-7	1993	However, two mutations (I41N, D44N) in the effector domain, which appears to mediate interactions with proteins that stimulate GTP hydrolysis or GDP dissociation, essentially abolished the ability of Rab1B to undergo isoprenylation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	145-148	RAB1B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	200-205
8393791-0	1993	Affinity labeling of c-H-ras p21 consensus elements with periodate-oxidized GDP and GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
8393791-1	1993	The amino acid sequence motifs of human c-H-ras p21 involved in the interaction with guanosine nucleotides were cross-linked to in situ periodate-oxidized [alpha-32P]GDP or [alpha-32P]GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	166-169	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
8393791-2	1993	Site-specific reaction was achieved by cross-linking conserved lysine residues close to the G-nucleotide binding site of p21 with the 2",3"-dialdehyde derivatives of GDP or GTP under kinetically controlled conditions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	166-169	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
8329399-1	1993	Heteronuclear-edited proton-detected NMR methods are used to study the nucleotide-dependent conformational change between GDP- and GTP gamma S-bound forms of human N-ras p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	NRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	164-169
8329399-1	1993	Heteronuclear-edited proton-detected NMR methods are used to study the nucleotide-dependent conformational change between GDP- and GTP gamma S-bound forms of human N-ras p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	170-173
8329399-3	1993	When GTP gamma S is substituted for GDP in cellular N-ras p21, the chemical shifts of resonances Asp-47, -126, -154, and Asn-172, as well as Gly-77 and -151, are not sensitive to nucleotide exchange, whereas Asp-30, -33, -38, -54, -57, -69, -92, -105, and -119 are affected.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	NRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	52-57
8329399-3	1993	When GTP gamma S is substituted for GDP in cellular N-ras p21, the chemical shifts of resonances Asp-47, -126, -154, and Asn-172, as well as Gly-77 and -151, are not sensitive to nucleotide exchange, whereas Asp-30, -33, -38, -54, -57, -69, -92, -105, and -119 are affected.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	58-61
8325863-0	1993	Properties of the SDC25 C-domain, a GDP to GTP exchange factor of RAS proteins and in vitro modulation of adenylyl cyclase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	SDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	18-23
8325863-5	1993	or RAS1.GTP complex from the respective GDP complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	Ras family GTPase RAS1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	3-7
8508922-4	1993	The nucleotide-free and the inactive GDP-bound form of ras p21 had no effect on force.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
8512342-4	1993	The gene product, ras p21, binds to GDP or GTP, and hydrolyzes GTP to GDP and Pi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
8099583-2	1993	This modification inhibits the activity of another initiation factor, guanine nucleotide exchange factor, preventing conversion of eIF-2.GDP to eIF-2.GTP and hence binding of initiator tRNA and formation of ternary complex (eIF-2.GTP.Met-tRNAf).	Guanosine Diphosphate	137-140	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	131-136
8099583-2	1993	This modification inhibits the activity of another initiation factor, guanine nucleotide exchange factor, preventing conversion of eIF-2.GDP to eIF-2.GTP and hence binding of initiator tRNA and formation of ternary complex (eIF-2.GTP.Met-tRNAf).	Guanosine Diphosphate	137-140	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	144-149
8099583-2	1993	This modification inhibits the activity of another initiation factor, guanine nucleotide exchange factor, preventing conversion of eIF-2.GDP to eIF-2.GTP and hence binding of initiator tRNA and formation of ternary complex (eIF-2.GTP.Met-tRNAf).	Guanosine Diphosphate	137-140	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	144-149
8516298-1	1993	The NF1 gene, which is altered in patients with type 1 neurofibromatosis, encodes neurofibromin, a protein whose GTPase-activating function can negatively regulate GTP-Ras by accelerating its conversion to inactive GDP-Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	215-218	neurofibromin 1	Homo sapiens	4-7
8516298-1	1993	The NF1 gene, which is altered in patients with type 1 neurofibromatosis, encodes neurofibromin, a protein whose GTPase-activating function can negatively regulate GTP-Ras by accelerating its conversion to inactive GDP-Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	215-218	neurofibromin 1	Homo sapiens	82-95
8512342-4	1993	The gene product, ras p21, binds to GDP or GTP, and hydrolyzes GTP to GDP and Pi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
8387493-10	1993	Both A166V-Rab3A and N135I-Rab3A had increased intrinsic dissociation rates for GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	11-16
8506384-4	1993	In vitro, this complex catalyzes guanine nucleotide exchange on eIF-2 and overcomes the inhibitory effect of GDP on formation of eIF-2.GTP.Met-initiator tRNA(Met) ternary complexes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	64-69
8506384-4	1993	In vitro, this complex catalyzes guanine nucleotide exchange on eIF-2 and overcomes the inhibitory effect of GDP on formation of eIF-2.GTP.Met-initiator tRNA(Met) ternary complexes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	129-134
8099443-5	1993	Phosphorylation of eIF-2 alpha inhibits initiation in mammalian cells by sequestering eIF-2B, the factor required for exchange of GTP for GDP on eIF-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Homo sapiens	19-30
8099443-5	1993	Phosphorylation of eIF-2 alpha inhibits initiation in mammalian cells by sequestering eIF-2B, the factor required for exchange of GTP for GDP on eIF-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	86-92
8099443-5	1993	Phosphorylation of eIF-2 alpha inhibits initiation in mammalian cells by sequestering eIF-2B, the factor required for exchange of GTP for GDP on eIF-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	19-24
8388382-3	1993	The 561 amino acid composing the C-terminal domain of CDC25 (CDC25 C-domain) released guanine nucleotides (both GDP and GTP) from Ha-, Ki-, and N-ras but not from Rap1A, Rab5, and Rab11.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	cell division cycle 25C	Mus musculus	54-59
8388382-3	1993	The 561 amino acid composing the C-terminal domain of CDC25 (CDC25 C-domain) released guanine nucleotides (both GDP and GTP) from Ha-, Ki-, and N-ras but not from Rap1A, Rab5, and Rab11.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	cell division cycle 25C	Mus musculus	61-66
8388384-1	1993	Insulin activates the ras proto-oncogene product p21ras (Ras) by stimulating conversion of the inactive GDP-bound form of Ras to the active GTP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	insulin	Homo sapiens	0-7
8388384-1	1993	Insulin activates the ras proto-oncogene product p21ras (Ras) by stimulating conversion of the inactive GDP-bound form of Ras to the active GTP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	49-55
8387483-7	1993	Moreover, HGF/SF treatment of A549 cells leads to stimulation of the cytosolic Ras-guanine nucleotide exchange activity, measured as accelerated release of [3H]GDP from purified recombinant Ras protein in vitro, in a dose- and time-dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	160-163	hepatocyte growth factor	Homo sapiens	10-16
8484124-1	1993	The hematopoietically expressed product of the vav proto-oncogene, Vav, shared homology with guanine nucleotide releasing factors (GRFs) [also called guanosine diphosphate-dissociation stimulators (GDSs)] that activate Ras-related small guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-binding proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	150-171	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	47-70
8486615-6	1993	On the other hand, the SDC25 exchange factor appears to promote dissociation of both GTP and GDP from p21ras, suggesting that the overall conformation of the switch 1 and 2 regions may not be important for recognition by SDC25.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	102-108
8387493-10	1993	Both A166V-Rab3A and N135I-Rab3A had increased intrinsic dissociation rates for GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	27-32
8491184-3	1993	In vitro, RhoGDI can form stable complexes with Rho and Rac proteins in both the GTP and GDP bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	10-16
8491184-3	1993	In vitro, RhoGDI can form stable complexes with Rho and Rac proteins in both the GTP and GDP bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	56-59
8386636-1	1993	Proton-NMR signals in the downfield region (below approximately 10 ppm) have been shown to provide a useful spectroscopic window to monitor the binding of guanine nucleotides to the active site of GTP/GDP-binding proteins via H-bonds, as specified here by the 21-kDa product of the c-H-ras gene (p21).	Guanosine Diphosphate	201-204	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	282-289
8386636-1	1993	Proton-NMR signals in the downfield region (below approximately 10 ppm) have been shown to provide a useful spectroscopic window to monitor the binding of guanine nucleotides to the active site of GTP/GDP-binding proteins via H-bonds, as specified here by the 21-kDa product of the c-H-ras gene (p21).	Guanosine Diphosphate	201-204	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	296-299
8096558-1	1993	The Rab branch of the Ras-related GTP/GDP-binding proteins currently includes at least 25 related members which are involved in the intracellular vesicular transport along the secretory and endocytic pathways in eukaryotic cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	RAB2A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	4-7
8484791-2	1993	Activation of p21ras activity in acinar cells was evaluated by measuring the levels of protein bound GTP and GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	14-20
8318164-4	1993	p21 is thought to be activated by the binding of GTP in place of GDP to the protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	0-3
8318164-5	1993	We have previously constructed the three-dimensional structure of the p21 protein bound to GDP from an available alpha-carbon tracing of this protein using a combination of molecular dynamics and energy minimization (Dykes, et al., J. Biomol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	70-73
8318164-9	1993	In this communication we compare our computed structure for the p21-GDP complex to this x-ray crystal structure.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
8318164-15	1993	Both of these regions have been found in x-ray crystallographic studies of p21-GDP and p21-GTP complexes to undergo significant changes in conformation upon the binding of GTP in place of GDP to the protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
8318164-15	1993	Both of these regions have been found in x-ray crystallographic studies of p21-GDP and p21-GTP complexes to undergo significant changes in conformation upon the binding of GTP in place of GDP to the protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	188-191	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
8318164-15	1993	Both of these regions have been found in x-ray crystallographic studies of p21-GDP and p21-GTP complexes to undergo significant changes in conformation upon the binding of GTP in place of GDP to the protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	188-191	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	87-90
8444185-3	1993	Maximal activation of the receptor converts up to 65% of cellular p21ras from the GDP form into the active GTP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	82-85	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	66-72
8448156-4	1993	Partial quenching of eEF-2 fluorescence by nucleotides proved the existence of an interaction of the factor in the absence of ribosomes, not only with GDP but also with GTP, nonhydrolyzable analogs, GMP, and adenylic, but not cytidylic, nucleotides.	Guanosine Diphosphate	151-154	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	21-26
8462668-3	1993	Based on the similarities of ras-p21 and elongation factor Tu we propose here a model of the GDP state of ras-p21 that is in agreement with all relevant experimental evidence.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
8462668-3	1993	Based on the similarities of ras-p21 and elongation factor Tu we propose here a model of the GDP state of ras-p21 that is in agreement with all relevant experimental evidence.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	41-61
8462668-3	1993	Based on the similarities of ras-p21 and elongation factor Tu we propose here a model of the GDP state of ras-p21 that is in agreement with all relevant experimental evidence.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	110-113
8441380-8	1993	This higher affinity of CDC25 for the nucleotide-free form than for either the GDP- or GTP-bound form suggests that CDC25 catalyzes exchange of guanine nucleotides bound to Ras proteins by stabilization of the transitory nucleotide-free state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	24-29
8441380-8	1993	This higher affinity of CDC25 for the nucleotide-free form than for either the GDP- or GTP-bound form suggests that CDC25 catalyzes exchange of guanine nucleotides bound to Ras proteins by stabilization of the transitory nucleotide-free state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	116-121
8441380-5	1993	The CDC25 fusion protein catalyzed replacement of GDP-bound to Ras2 with GTP (activation) more efficiently than that of the reverse reaction of replacement of GTP for GDP (deactivation), consistent with prior genetic analysis of CDC25 which indicated a positive role in the activation of Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	4-9
8437847-2	1993	This complex, detectable as early as 30 min after addition of crude brain extract, is extremely stable, with less than 50% dissociating after 5 h at 4 degrees C. We interpret this to suggest that the dissociation of full-length neurofibromin from p21c-Ha-ras-GMP-PNP is tightly linked to the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	313-316	neurofibromin 1	Homo sapiens	228-241
8441380-5	1993	The CDC25 fusion protein catalyzed replacement of GDP-bound to Ras2 with GTP (activation) more efficiently than that of the reverse reaction of replacement of GTP for GDP (deactivation), consistent with prior genetic analysis of CDC25 which indicated a positive role in the activation of Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	63-67
8441380-5	1993	The CDC25 fusion protein catalyzed replacement of GDP-bound to Ras2 with GTP (activation) more efficiently than that of the reverse reaction of replacement of GTP for GDP (deactivation), consistent with prior genetic analysis of CDC25 which indicated a positive role in the activation of Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	229-234
8437860-2	1993	Expression of the NF1-GAP-related domain (NF1GRD) has been shown to complement yeast strains deficient in the yeast GAP homologs, IRA1 and IRA2, to interact with human RAS proteins and to accelerate the conversion of ras-GTP to ras-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	232-235	GTPase-activating protein IRA1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	130-134
8437860-2	1993	Expression of the NF1-GAP-related domain (NF1GRD) has been shown to complement yeast strains deficient in the yeast GAP homologs, IRA1 and IRA2, to interact with human RAS proteins and to accelerate the conversion of ras-GTP to ras-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	232-235	Ras GTPase activating protein IRA2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	139-143
8437847-3	1993	Failure to remove a significant proportion of the bound neurofibromin in the presence of EDTA and GDP implies that the binding of neurofibromin to p21c-Ha-ras-GMP-PNP results in the ras protein becoming resistant to guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	neurofibromin 1	Homo sapiens	56-69
8437847-3	1993	Failure to remove a significant proportion of the bound neurofibromin in the presence of EDTA and GDP implies that the binding of neurofibromin to p21c-Ha-ras-GMP-PNP results in the ras protein becoming resistant to guanine nucleotide exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	neurofibromin 1	Homo sapiens	130-143
8416955-1	1993	rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) is an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein for a group of small GTP-binding proteins including at least rhoA p21, rhoB p21, rac1 p21, rac2 p21, and G25K.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	155-158
8429886-8	1993	We report here the use of suppressor analysis to clone a gene, dss4, encoding a 17K protein that aids Sec4p action in vivo by functioning as a GDP dissociation stimulator.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	guanine nucleotide exchange factor DSS4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	63-67
8429886-8	1993	We report here the use of suppressor analysis to clone a gene, dss4, encoding a 17K protein that aids Sec4p action in vivo by functioning as a GDP dissociation stimulator.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	102-107
8429887-6	1993	The Mss4 protein also stimulates GDP release from Ypt1 and from the mammalian protein Rab3a, but not from Ras2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-36	RAB interacting factor	Homo sapiens	4-8
8429887-6	1993	The Mss4 protein also stimulates GDP release from Ypt1 and from the mammalian protein Rab3a, but not from Ras2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-36	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	50-54
8094668-3	1993	Consistent with this, prior treatment of eIF-2 with MKu impaired the exchange of bound GDP for GTP which is catalysed by the exchange factor eIF-2B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	41-46
8094668-3	1993	Consistent with this, prior treatment of eIF-2 with MKu impaired the exchange of bound GDP for GTP which is catalysed by the exchange factor eIF-2B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	141-147
8511040-1	1993	The Rab branch of the Ras-related guanine nucleotide (GTP/GDP)-binding proteins currently includes at least thirty related members which are involved in the intracellular vesicular transport along the secretory and endocytic pathways in eukaryotic cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	RAB2A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	4-7
8419371-3	1993	The dissociation constant between Mg2+ and the p21.GDP complex was determined to be 2.8 microM.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
8419371-7	1993	31P NMR spectra of the GDP and Gpp(NH)p (guanosine-5"-(beta,gamma-imido)triphosphate) complexes of mutated p21 show a remarkable perturbation of the guanine nucleotide-binding site compared to wild-type protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
8416955-1	1993	rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) is an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein for a group of small GTP-binding proteins including at least rhoA p21, rhoB p21, rac1 p21, rac2 p21, and G25K.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	145-148
8416955-1	1993	rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) is an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein for a group of small GTP-binding proteins including at least rhoA p21, rhoB p21, rac1 p21, rac2 p21, and G25K.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	155-158
8416955-1	1993	rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) is an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein for a group of small GTP-binding proteins including at least rhoA p21, rhoB p21, rac1 p21, rac2 p21, and G25K.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	160-164
8381417-3	1993	The guanosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S) bound form of post-translationally processed Ki-ras 4B p21 activated MAP kinase in the cytosol fraction of Xenopus oocytes, but the GTP gamma S bound form of post-translationally unprocessed Ki-ras 4B p21 or the GDP bound form of processed or unprocessed Ki-ras 4B p21 was far less effective.	Guanosine Diphosphate	266-269	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	109-112
8381539-2	1993	In this cell-free system, the guanosine 5"-[gamma-thio]triphosphate- bound form of Ki-ras p21, but not the GDP-bound form, activates endogenous Xenopus MAP kinase as well as recombinant ERK2 in the presence of the cytosol fraction of Xenopus oocytes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	90-93
8419353-0	1993	GDP dissociation inhibitor prevents intrinsic and GTPase activating protein-stimulated GTP hydrolysis by the Rac GTP-binding protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	109-112
8419353-5	1993	(Rho)GDI produced a concentration-dependent inhibition of GTP hydrolysis by Rac1 that paralleled its ability to inhibit GDP dissociation from the Rac protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	1-8
8419353-5	1993	(Rho)GDI produced a concentration-dependent inhibition of GTP hydrolysis by Rac1 that paralleled its ability to inhibit GDP dissociation from the Rac protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	76-80
8419353-5	1993	(Rho)GDI produced a concentration-dependent inhibition of GTP hydrolysis by Rac1 that paralleled its ability to inhibit GDP dissociation from the Rac protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	76-79
8416955-1	1993	rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) is an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein for a group of small GTP-binding proteins including at least rhoA p21, rhoB p21, rac1 p21, rac2 p21, and G25K.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	155-158
8416955-1	1993	rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) is an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein for a group of small GTP-binding proteins including at least rhoA p21, rhoB p21, rac1 p21, rac2 p21, and G25K.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	170-174
8416955-1	1993	rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) is an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein for a group of small GTP-binding proteins including at least rhoA p21, rhoB p21, rac1 p21, rac2 p21, and G25K.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	145-148
8416955-1	1993	rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) is an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein for a group of small GTP-binding proteins including at least rhoA p21, rhoB p21, rac1 p21, rac2 p21, and G25K.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	155-158
8416955-1	1993	rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) is an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein for a group of small GTP-binding proteins including at least rhoA p21, rhoB p21, rac1 p21, rac2 p21, and G25K.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	160-164
8416955-1	1993	rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) is an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein for a group of small GTP-binding proteins including at least rhoA p21, rhoB p21, rac1 p21, rac2 p21, and G25K.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	155-158
8416955-1	1993	rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) is an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein for a group of small GTP-binding proteins including at least rhoA p21, rhoB p21, rac1 p21, rac2 p21, and G25K.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	170-174
8416955-1	1993	rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) is an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein for a group of small GTP-binding proteins including at least rhoA p21, rhoB p21, rac1 p21, rac2 p21, and G25K.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	155-158
8299422-2	1993	Unlike Ras, it is the ability of Sec4 to cycle between the GTP- and GDP-bound forms rather than the absolute levels of the GTP-bound form that is critical for function.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	33-37
8299422-6	1993	We have found an activity in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) comparable to that of the GDP dissociation inhibitor protein isolated from mammalian cells that releases GDP-bound Sec4 from membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	177-181
8299422-6	1993	We have found an activity in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) comparable to that of the GDP dissociation inhibitor protein isolated from mammalian cells that releases GDP-bound Sec4 from membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	167-170	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	177-181
7999142-2	1993	Activation of Ras p21 results from the dissociation of tightly bound GDP and the exchange of bound GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	transcription elongation factor A (SII)-like 1	Mus musculus	18-21
8417327-0	1993	A Drosophila homolog of bovine smg p25a GDP dissociation inhibitor undergoes a shift in isoelectric point in the developmental mutant quartet.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	tubulin polymerization promoting protein	Bos taurus	35-39
8417327-5	1993	At the amino acid level, the sequence shows 68% identity and 81% similarity to bovine smg p25a GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), a regulator of ras-like small GTPases of the rab/SEC4/YPT1 subfamily.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	tubulin polymerization promoting protein	Bos taurus	90-94
8417327-5	1993	At the amino acid level, the sequence shows 68% identity and 81% similarity to bovine smg p25a GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), a regulator of ras-like small GTPases of the rab/SEC4/YPT1 subfamily.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	GDP dissociation inhibitor	Drosophila melanogaster	123-126
1464585-3	1992	PC12 cells grown in the absence of nerve growth factor (NGF) contained ADP, ATP, GDP, and GTP at levels consistent with the actin and tubulin content of the cytoskeletal fraction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	56-59
8353139-8	1993	In other cases p21ras-GTP levels have been found to be elevated as a result of an increase in GDP/GTP exchange rate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	94-97	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	15-21
1334486-5	1992	A model is presented in which (a) glucagon binds to receptor in a Mg(2+)-independent fashion, (b) glucagon-receptor complexes are converted to a Mg(2+)-dependent state, (c) guanyl nucleotide exchange initiates both an alteration in glucagon-receptor affinity and the subsequent dissociation of hormone, and (d) in the context of the intact cell, G protein-mediated hydrolysis of GTP to GDP is required to reinitialize the system.	Guanosine Diphosphate	386-389	glucagon receptor	Canis lupus familiaris	98-115
1464587-3	1992	We studied the function of this post-translational processing of rac p21s in their interaction with the stimulatory and inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins for rac p21s, named smg GDS and rho GDI, and in their NADPH oxidase activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	65-68
1464587-3	1992	We studied the function of this post-translational processing of rac p21s in their interaction with the stimulatory and inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins for rac p21s, named smg GDS and rho GDI, and in their NADPH oxidase activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	69-72
1464587-3	1992	We studied the function of this post-translational processing of rac p21s in their interaction with the stimulatory and inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins for rac p21s, named smg GDS and rho GDI, and in their NADPH oxidase activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	177-184
1464587-3	1992	We studied the function of this post-translational processing of rac p21s in their interaction with the stimulatory and inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins for rac p21s, named smg GDS and rho GDI, and in their NADPH oxidase activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	189-196
7999142-2	1993	Activation of Ras p21 results from the dissociation of tightly bound GDP and the exchange of bound GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	99-102	transcription elongation factor A (SII)-like 1	Mus musculus	18-21
1447167-4	1992	We show that the product of a recently isolated mouse CDC25-like gene (CDC25Mm) can strongly enhance (more than 1000 times) the GDP release from both human c-Ha-ras p21 and yeast RAS2 in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	cell division cycle 25C	Mus musculus	54-59
1465134-0	1992	Subunits beta gamma of heterotrimeric G protein activate beta 2 isoform of phospholipase C. The activation of heterotrimeric G proteins results in the exchange of GDP bound to the alpha-subunit for GTP and the subsequent dissociation of a complex of the beta- and gamma-subunits (G beta gamma).	Guanosine Diphosphate	163-166	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	57-63
1447167-4	1992	We show that the product of a recently isolated mouse CDC25-like gene (CDC25Mm) can strongly enhance (more than 1000 times) the GDP release from both human c-Ha-ras p21 and yeast RAS2 in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	RAS protein-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 1	Mus musculus	71-78
1447167-4	1992	We show that the product of a recently isolated mouse CDC25-like gene (CDC25Mm) can strongly enhance (more than 1000 times) the GDP release from both human c-Ha-ras p21 and yeast RAS2 in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	transcription factor like 5	Homo sapiens	156-160
1447167-4	1992	We show that the product of a recently isolated mouse CDC25-like gene (CDC25Mm) can strongly enhance (more than 1000 times) the GDP release from both human c-Ha-ras p21 and yeast RAS2 in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	165-168
1447167-4	1992	We show that the product of a recently isolated mouse CDC25-like gene (CDC25Mm) can strongly enhance (more than 1000 times) the GDP release from both human c-Ha-ras p21 and yeast RAS2 in vitro.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	179-183
1447167-8	1992	Our results show that a cloned GDP to GTP exchange factor of mammalian ras belongs to the novel family of CDC25-like proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	106-111
1429634-2	1992	In attempting to isolate and biochemically characterize mammalian proteins capable of regulating various activities of CDC42Hs, we have identified an activity in bovine brain cytosol which effectively inhibits the dissociation of [3H]GDP from the platelet- or the Spodoptera frugiperda-expressed CDC42Hs protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	234-237	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	119-126
1384950-7	1992	The GTP/GDP-binding rab3A protein may be a useful differentiation marker of neuro-endocrine cells in the characterization of undifferentiated neoplasms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	8-11	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	20-25
1429634-9	1992	However, brain GDI very effectively inhibits the ability of the human dbl oncogene product to catalyze GDP dissociation from CDC42Hs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence	Homo sapiens	70-73
1429634-11	1992	This effect by the GDI protein is observed whether the membrane-associated CDC42Hs is preincubated with GDP, GTP gamma S, or no guanine nucleotides, and occurs over a similar concentration range as that necessary for the inhibition of the intrinsic GDP dissociation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	75-82
1429634-11	1992	This effect by the GDI protein is observed whether the membrane-associated CDC42Hs is preincubated with GDP, GTP gamma S, or no guanine nucleotides, and occurs over a similar concentration range as that necessary for the inhibition of the intrinsic GDP dissociation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	249-252	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	75-82
1472495-3	1992	In this report, pH-rate profiles for the rhodopsin-catalyzed exchange of GTPgS for GDP on transducin are established for the constitutively active opsin mutants.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	41-50
1445946-6	1992	It was suggested that m-c25KG contains an equimolar amount of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	RAB27B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	24-29
1331063-0	1992	Amino acid residues in the Ras-like GTPase Rab3A that specify sensitivity to factors that regulate the GTP/GDP cycling of Rab3A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	43-48
1331063-0	1992	Amino acid residues in the Ras-like GTPase Rab3A that specify sensitivity to factors that regulate the GTP/GDP cycling of Rab3A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	122-127
1331063-1	1992	Two cellular factors have been described, Rab3A-GAP (GTPase-activating protein) and Rab3A-GRF (guanine nucleotide releasing factor) which, respectively, accelerate the intrinsic GTPase activity of, or the rate of dissociation of GDP from, the Ras-related GTP-binding protein, p25 Rab3A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	229-232	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	42-47
1331063-1	1992	Two cellular factors have been described, Rab3A-GAP (GTPase-activating protein) and Rab3A-GRF (guanine nucleotide releasing factor) which, respectively, accelerate the intrinsic GTPase activity of, or the rate of dissociation of GDP from, the Ras-related GTP-binding protein, p25 Rab3A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	229-232	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	84-89
1331063-1	1992	Two cellular factors have been described, Rab3A-GAP (GTPase-activating protein) and Rab3A-GRF (guanine nucleotide releasing factor) which, respectively, accelerate the intrinsic GTPase activity of, or the rate of dissociation of GDP from, the Ras-related GTP-binding protein, p25 Rab3A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	229-232	tubulin polymerization promoting protein	Homo sapiens	276-279
1331063-1	1992	Two cellular factors have been described, Rab3A-GAP (GTPase-activating protein) and Rab3A-GRF (guanine nucleotide releasing factor) which, respectively, accelerate the intrinsic GTPase activity of, or the rate of dissociation of GDP from, the Ras-related GTP-binding protein, p25 Rab3A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	229-232	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	84-89
1429634-2	1992	In attempting to isolate and biochemically characterize mammalian proteins capable of regulating various activities of CDC42Hs, we have identified an activity in bovine brain cytosol which effectively inhibits the dissociation of [3H]GDP from the platelet- or the Spodoptera frugiperda-expressed CDC42Hs protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	234-237	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	296-303
1429634-6	1992	In addition, an Escherichia coli-expressed, glutathione S-transferase-rho-GDI fusion protein fully substitutes for the GDI which we have purified from bovine brain in its ability to inhibit GDP dissociation from CDC42Hs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	190-193	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	70-77
1429634-7	1992	These findings suggest either that a common regulatory protein (GDI) is capable of inhibiting GDP dissociation from the rho and CDC42Hs proteins or that these two GTP-binding proteins interact with GDI proteins of very similar structure.	Guanosine Diphosphate	94-97	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	128-135
1337001-0	1992	Sequential assignment of the backbone nuclei (1H, 15N and 13C) of c-H-ras p21 (1-166).GDP using a novel 4D NMR strategy.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
1406640-3	1992	We have previously reported that the posttranslational processing of Ki-ras p21 is essential for its interaction with one of its GDP/GTP exchange proteins named smg GDS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	76-79
1435749-1	1992	Epidermal growth factor (EGF) can stimulate inositol lipid hydrolysis in rat hepatocytes and can accelerate GTP/GDP exchange in hepatic membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-23
1435749-1	1992	Epidermal growth factor (EGF) can stimulate inositol lipid hydrolysis in rat hepatocytes and can accelerate GTP/GDP exchange in hepatic membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	25-28
1439791-0	1992	A GDP dissociation inhibitor that serves as a GTPase inhibitor for the Ras-like protein CDC42Hs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	2-5	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	88-95
1420142-0	1992	NMR studies of the conformational change in human N-p21ras produced by replacement of bound GDP with the GTP analog GTP gamma S. 1H-Detected 15N-edited NMR in solution was used to study the conformational differences between the GDP- and GTP gamma S-bound forms of human N-p21ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	52-58
1420142-0	1992	NMR studies of the conformational change in human N-p21ras produced by replacement of bound GDP with the GTP analog GTP gamma S. 1H-Detected 15N-edited NMR in solution was used to study the conformational differences between the GDP- and GTP gamma S-bound forms of human N-p21ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	229-232	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	52-58
1420142-3	1992	When GTP gamma S replaced GDP in the active site of p21ras, only 5 of the 14 glycine amide resonances show major shifts, indicating that the conformational effects are fairly localized.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	52-58
1325373-3	1992	GDP was capable of substituting for ADP as phosphate acceptor so that p56lyn displayed a nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	LYN proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	70-76
1325460-3	1992	To test this hypothesis, we examined the ability of NDK to catalyze the phosphorylation of the GDP bound to the following three members of the superfamily of regulatory GTP-binding proteins: Gt, Ha-ras p21, and ARF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	52-55
1325460-3	1992	To test this hypothesis, we examined the ability of NDK to catalyze the phosphorylation of the GDP bound to the following three members of the superfamily of regulatory GTP-binding proteins: Gt, Ha-ras p21, and ARF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	202-205
1325460-5	1992	Rather, evidence is presented which clearly shows that all of the GTP formed upon incubation of GTP-binding proteins with NDK is the result of NDK utilizing free GDP as substrate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	162-165	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	122-125
1325460-5	1992	Rather, evidence is presented which clearly shows that all of the GTP formed upon incubation of GTP-binding proteins with NDK is the result of NDK utilizing free GDP as substrate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	162-165	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	143-146
1325460-7	1992	The importance of appropriate controls for dissociation of GDP from the regulatory proteins both during the NDK reaction and during the analysis of product is demonstrated.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	108-111
1517204-8	1992	The 80-kDa aggregates were likely to be formed by 1:1 complexes with the regulatory protein smg25/GDP dissociation inhibitor (smg25/GDI).	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	132-135
1644791-1	1992	The p21ras superfamily, involved in diverse processes including cell growth and intracellular trafficking, possesses intrinsic GTPase activity and cycles between GTP-bound active and GDP-bound quiescent states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	183-186	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	4-7
1512243-5	1992	The rhodopsin-promoted GDP/guanosine 5"-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTP gamma S) exchange reaction, within the rhodopsin-alpha T complex, then results in the dissociation of the alpha TGTP gamma S species from the rhodopsin-containing phospholipid vesicles.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	4-13
1512243-5	1992	The rhodopsin-promoted GDP/guanosine 5"-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTP gamma S) exchange reaction, within the rhodopsin-alpha T complex, then results in the dissociation of the alpha TGTP gamma S species from the rhodopsin-containing phospholipid vesicles.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	107-116
1512243-5	1992	The rhodopsin-promoted GDP/guanosine 5"-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTP gamma S) exchange reaction, within the rhodopsin-alpha T complex, then results in the dissociation of the alpha TGTP gamma S species from the rhodopsin-containing phospholipid vesicles.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	107-116
1501882-2	1992	The GDP/GTP exchange reaction of smg p21 is regulated by smg GDS, which is also active on Ki-ras p21 and rho p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	37-40
1501882-2	1992	The GDP/GTP exchange reaction of smg p21 is regulated by smg GDS, which is also active on Ki-ras p21 and rho p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	57-64
1501882-2	1992	The GDP/GTP exchange reaction of smg p21 is regulated by smg GDS, which is also active on Ki-ras p21 and rho p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	90-96
1501882-2	1992	The GDP/GTP exchange reaction of smg p21 is regulated by smg GDS, which is also active on Ki-ras p21 and rho p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
1501882-2	1992	The GDP/GTP exchange reaction of smg p21 is regulated by smg GDS, which is also active on Ki-ras p21 and rho p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	97-100
1629950-6	1992	It is shown here that the native MxA protein has GTPase activity (GTP----GDP) when purified by immunoprecipitation with affinity-purified polyclonal antibodies directed against the C-terminal domain of MxA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	MX dynamin like GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	33-36
1381583-2	1992	One way in which eIF-2 activity could be decreased in tissue extracts would be through a decrease in the activity of the GDP exchange factor, eIF-2B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Rattus norvegicus	142-148
1639059-1	1992	We have previously shown that a conserved glycine at position 82 of the yeast RAS2 protein is involved in the conversion of RAS proteins from the GDP- to the GTP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	78-82
1499561-10	1992	Identity of the recombinant T. aquaticus EF-Tu was verified by Western blot analysis, N-terminal sequencing and GDP binding assays.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	elongation factor Tu	Thermus thermophilus HB8	41-46
1404083-6	1992	The GnRH agonist (0.1 mumol l-1) stimulated GDP release by 21%, 24%, 17% and 14% at 30 s, 1, 2 and 5 min, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Rattus norvegicus	4-8
1404083-7	1992	TRH (0.1 mumol l-1) stimulated GDP release by 38%, 30%, 17% and 16% at 30 s, 1, 2 and 5 min, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
1404083-8	1992	A GnRH antagonist also stimulated [32P]GDP release, albeit less effectively than GnRH agonist; the antagonist did not inhibit agonist stimulation of GDP release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Rattus norvegicus	2-6
1404083-9	1992	These results indicate that ligand binding to the GnRH and TRH receptors results in interaction of the receptor with a guanine-nucleotide-dependent transducer protein (G protein) and activation of GTP-GDP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	201-204	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Rattus norvegicus	50-54
1404083-9	1992	These results indicate that ligand binding to the GnRH and TRH receptors results in interaction of the receptor with a guanine-nucleotide-dependent transducer protein (G protein) and activation of GTP-GDP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	201-204	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	59-62
1321333-1	1992	Microinjection of either Ki-rasVal-12 p21 or the GDP-bound form of Ki-ras p21 plus smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS), a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for Ki-ras p21, smg/rap1/Krev-1 p21, and rho p21, into quiescent Swiss 3T3 cells induced DNA synthesis irrespective of the presence or absence of insulin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	74-77
1321333-1	1992	Microinjection of either Ki-rasVal-12 p21 or the GDP-bound form of Ki-ras p21 plus smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS), a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for Ki-ras p21, smg/rap1/Krev-1 p21, and rho p21, into quiescent Swiss 3T3 cells induced DNA synthesis irrespective of the presence or absence of insulin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog	Mus musculus	67-73
1379731-1	1992	The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae CDC25 gene encodes a nucleotide-exchange-factor (NEF) that can convert the inactive GDP-bound state of RAS proteins to an active RAS-GTP complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	35-40
1321333-1	1992	Microinjection of either Ki-rasVal-12 p21 or the GDP-bound form of Ki-ras p21 plus smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS), a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for Ki-ras p21, smg/rap1/Krev-1 p21, and rho p21, into quiescent Swiss 3T3 cells induced DNA synthesis irrespective of the presence or absence of insulin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	74-77
1321333-1	1992	Microinjection of either Ki-rasVal-12 p21 or the GDP-bound form of Ki-ras p21 plus smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS), a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for Ki-ras p21, smg/rap1/Krev-1 p21, and rho p21, into quiescent Swiss 3T3 cells induced DNA synthesis irrespective of the presence or absence of insulin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	74-77
1321333-1	1992	Microinjection of either Ki-rasVal-12 p21 or the GDP-bound form of Ki-ras p21 plus smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS), a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for Ki-ras p21, smg/rap1/Krev-1 p21, and rho p21, into quiescent Swiss 3T3 cells induced DNA synthesis irrespective of the presence or absence of insulin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	74-77
1321333-1	1992	Microinjection of either Ki-rasVal-12 p21 or the GDP-bound form of Ki-ras p21 plus smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS), a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for Ki-ras p21, smg/rap1/Krev-1 p21, and rho p21, into quiescent Swiss 3T3 cells induced DNA synthesis irrespective of the presence or absence of insulin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G	Mus musculus	83-86
1321333-1	1992	Microinjection of either Ki-rasVal-12 p21 or the GDP-bound form of Ki-ras p21 plus smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS), a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for Ki-ras p21, smg/rap1/Krev-1 p21, and rho p21, into quiescent Swiss 3T3 cells induced DNA synthesis irrespective of the presence or absence of insulin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G	Mus musculus	83-86
1321333-3	1992	Either the GDP-bound form of Ki-ras p21 or the same form of smg p21B alone was inactive, but smg GDS alone was slightly active only in the presence of insulin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	11-14	Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog	Mus musculus	29-35
1321333-3	1992	Either the GDP-bound form of Ki-ras p21 or the same form of smg p21B alone was inactive, but smg GDS alone was slightly active only in the presence of insulin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	11-14	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	36-39
1321333-7	1992	Either the GDP-bound form of Ki-ras p21, the same form of smg p21B, or smg GDS alone was inactive.	Guanosine Diphosphate	11-14	Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog	Mus musculus	29-35
1321333-7	1992	Either the GDP-bound form of Ki-ras p21, the same form of smg p21B, or smg GDS alone was inactive.	Guanosine Diphosphate	11-14	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	36-39
1421163-1	1992	The three-dimensional structure of the H-ras oncogene product p21 has been determined in both its active, GTP-bound and its inactive, GDP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	39-44
1421163-1	1992	The three-dimensional structure of the H-ras oncogene product p21 has been determined in both its active, GTP-bound and its inactive, GDP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
1634508-1	1992	smg GDS and rho GDI are stimulatory and inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins, respectively, for a group of ras p21-related small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins).	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	0-7
1634508-1	1992	smg GDS and rho GDI are stimulatory and inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins, respectively, for a group of ras p21-related small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins).	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	12-19
1634508-4	1992	smg GDS and rho GDI interacted with the GDP-bound form of rho p21 and thereby stimulated and inhibited, respectively, the dissociation of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	12-19
1634508-1	1992	smg GDS and rho GDI are stimulatory and inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins, respectively, for a group of ras p21-related small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins).	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
1634508-4	1992	smg GDS and rho GDI interacted with the GDP-bound form of rho p21 and thereby stimulated and inhibited, respectively, the dissociation of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
1634508-6	1992	The GDP-bound form of rho p21 formed a complex with rho GDI but not with smg GDS in their simultaneous presence.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	26-29
1634508-3	1992	We examined here the functional interactions of these GDP/GTP exchange proteins with rho p21 as a substrate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
1634508-6	1992	The GDP-bound form of rho p21 formed a complex with rho GDI but not with smg GDS in their simultaneous presence.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	52-59
1634508-4	1992	smg GDS and rho GDI interacted with the GDP-bound form of rho p21 and thereby stimulated and inhibited, respectively, the dissociation of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	0-7
1634508-7	1992	Since the content of smg GDS was generally less than that of rho GDI in cells, these results suggest that there is some mechanism to release the inhibitory action of rho GDI and to make rho p21 sensitive to the smg GDS action during the conversion of rhoA p21 from the GDP-bound inactive form to the GTP-bound active form in intact cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	269-272	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	21-28
1634508-7	1992	Since the content of smg GDS was generally less than that of rho GDI in cells, these results suggest that there is some mechanism to release the inhibitory action of rho GDI and to make rho p21 sensitive to the smg GDS action during the conversion of rhoA p21 from the GDP-bound inactive form to the GTP-bound active form in intact cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	269-272	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	166-173
1634508-4	1992	smg GDS and rho GDI interacted with the GDP-bound form of rho p21 and thereby stimulated and inhibited, respectively, the dissociation of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	12-19
1634508-7	1992	Since the content of smg GDS was generally less than that of rho GDI in cells, these results suggest that there is some mechanism to release the inhibitory action of rho GDI and to make rho p21 sensitive to the smg GDS action during the conversion of rhoA p21 from the GDP-bound inactive form to the GTP-bound active form in intact cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	269-272	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	190-193
1634508-4	1992	smg GDS and rho GDI interacted with the GDP-bound form of rho p21 and thereby stimulated and inhibited, respectively, the dissociation of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
1634508-7	1992	Since the content of smg GDS was generally less than that of rho GDI in cells, these results suggest that there is some mechanism to release the inhibitory action of rho GDI and to make rho p21 sensitive to the smg GDS action during the conversion of rhoA p21 from the GDP-bound inactive form to the GTP-bound active form in intact cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	269-272	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	211-218
1634508-4	1992	smg GDS and rho GDI interacted with the GDP-bound form of rho p21 and thereby stimulated and inhibited, respectively, the dissociation of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	0-7
1379346-7	1992	This portion of Ras-GRF accelerated the release of GDP from RasH and RasN p21 in vitro, but not from the related RalA, or CDC42Hs GTP-binding proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
1377053-10	1992	Epo was also able to activate p21ras as measured by exchange of guanosine diphosphate for guanosine triphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-85	erythropoietin	Homo sapiens	0-3
1377053-10	1992	Epo was also able to activate p21ras as measured by exchange of guanosine diphosphate for guanosine triphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-85	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
1608472-2	1992	Several of these growth factors also activate the ras proto-oncogene product, p21ras (Ras), by stimulating the conversion of the inactive GDP-bound form of Ras to the active GTP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	78-84
1317509-2	1992	Light-activated rhodopsin catalyses the exchange of GDP for GTP on multiple transducin molecules.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	16-25
1318075-7	1992	The resolution enhancement method has also been applied in a measurement of the 17O-Mn2+ superhyperfine coupling constant of 17O in the beta-phosphate of the GDP in the ras p21 complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	158-161	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	173-176
1597436-9	1992	The GDP-bound form of smg p25A was much less effective.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Bos taurus	22-30
1606139-9	1992	Additional experiments indicate that the net effect of ITP and GTP on the DNA renaturation reaction is dominated by the corresponding nucleoside diphosphates, IDP and GDP, that are generated by the NTP hydrolysis activity of the recA protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	167-170	RAD51 recombinase	Homo sapiens	229-233
1323562-4	1992	To obtain further information on the nucleotide binding properties of gelsolin, binding studies were done in the presence of EGTA with GTP, ADP, and GDP by equilibrium dialysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	149-152	gelsolin	Homo sapiens	70-78
1319741-4	1992	Sy and WE induced a large decrease in GDP binding on the uncoupling protein (UCP) (43% and 82%, respectively).	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	77-80
1637501-2	1992	An energy-refined structure for the normal p21 protein complexed with GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	43-46
1637501-3	1992	A complete three-dimensional structure for the ras-gene-encoded p21 protein with Gly 12 and Gln 61, bound to GDP, has been constructed in four stages using the available alpha-carbon coordinates as deposited in the Brookhaven National Laboratories Protein Data Bank.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
1618793-3	1992	The released eIF-2.GDP can participate in an eIF-2B-catalyzed GDP/GTP exchange reaction to reform the Met-tRNA(f).eIF-2.GTP ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	19-22	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	13-18
1618793-3	1992	The released eIF-2.GDP can participate in an eIF-2B-catalyzed GDP/GTP exchange reaction to reform the Met-tRNA(f).eIF-2.GTP ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	19-22	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	45-51
1618793-3	1992	The released eIF-2.GDP can participate in an eIF-2B-catalyzed GDP/GTP exchange reaction to reform the Met-tRNA(f).eIF-2.GTP ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	19-22	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	45-50
1618793-3	1992	The released eIF-2.GDP can participate in an eIF-2B-catalyzed GDP/GTP exchange reaction to reform the Met-tRNA(f).eIF-2.GTP ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	13-18
1618793-3	1992	The released eIF-2.GDP can participate in an eIF-2B-catalyzed GDP/GTP exchange reaction to reform the Met-tRNA(f).eIF-2.GTP ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	45-51
1618793-3	1992	The released eIF-2.GDP can participate in an eIF-2B-catalyzed GDP/GTP exchange reaction to reform the Met-tRNA(f).eIF-2.GTP ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	45-50
1618793-4	1992	In contrast, when 60 S ribosomal subunits were also present in an eIF-5-catalyzed reaction, the eIF-2.GDP produced remained bound to the 60 S ribosomal subunit of the 80 S initiation complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	66-71
1618793-4	1992	In contrast, when 60 S ribosomal subunits were also present in an eIF-5-catalyzed reaction, the eIF-2.GDP produced remained bound to the 60 S ribosomal subunit of the 80 S initiation complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	96-101
1618793-5	1992	When such an 80 S initiation complex, containing bound eIF-2.GDP, was incubated with GTP and eIF-2B, GDP was released.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	55-60
1618793-5	1992	When such an 80 S initiation complex, containing bound eIF-2.GDP, was incubated with GTP and eIF-2B, GDP was released.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	93-99
1618793-5	1992	When such an 80 S initiation complex, containing bound eIF-2.GDP, was incubated with GTP and eIF-2B, GDP was released.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	55-60
1618793-5	1992	When such an 80 S initiation complex, containing bound eIF-2.GDP, was incubated with GTP and eIF-2B, GDP was released.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	93-99
1618793-7	1992	In contrast, when 60 S ribosomal subunits were preincubated with either free eIF-2 or with eIF-2.eIF-2B complex and then added to a reaction containing both the 40 S initiation complex and eIF-5, the eIF-2.GDP produced did not bind to the 60 S ribosomal subunits but was released from the ribosomes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	206-209	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	91-96
1618793-7	1992	In contrast, when 60 S ribosomal subunits were preincubated with either free eIF-2 or with eIF-2.eIF-2B complex and then added to a reaction containing both the 40 S initiation complex and eIF-5, the eIF-2.GDP produced did not bind to the 60 S ribosomal subunits but was released from the ribosomes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	206-209	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	91-96
1618793-10	1992	These results suggest that 60 S ribosome-bound eIF-2.GDP does not act as a direct substrate for eIF-2B-mediated release of eIF-2 from ribosomes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	47-52
1618793-11	1992	Rather, the affinity of 60 S ribosomal subunits for either eIF-2, or the eIF-2 moiety of the eIF-2.eIF-2B complex, prevents association of 60 S ribosomal subunits with eIF-2.GDP formed in the initiation reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	174-177	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	59-64
1618793-11	1992	Rather, the affinity of 60 S ribosomal subunits for either eIF-2, or the eIF-2 moiety of the eIF-2.eIF-2B complex, prevents association of 60 S ribosomal subunits with eIF-2.GDP formed in the initiation reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	174-177	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	73-78
1618793-11	1992	Rather, the affinity of 60 S ribosomal subunits for either eIF-2, or the eIF-2 moiety of the eIF-2.eIF-2B complex, prevents association of 60 S ribosomal subunits with eIF-2.GDP formed in the initiation reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	174-177	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	73-78
1618793-11	1992	Rather, the affinity of 60 S ribosomal subunits for either eIF-2, or the eIF-2 moiety of the eIF-2.eIF-2B complex, prevents association of 60 S ribosomal subunits with eIF-2.GDP formed in the initiation reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	174-177	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	99-105
1618793-11	1992	Rather, the affinity of 60 S ribosomal subunits for either eIF-2, or the eIF-2 moiety of the eIF-2.eIF-2B complex, prevents association of 60 S ribosomal subunits with eIF-2.GDP formed in the initiation reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	174-177	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	73-78
1316893-9	1992	The GDP/GTP exchange reaction of SOCI was stimulated and inhibited by stimulatory and inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins for small G proteins, named smg GDS and rho GDI, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	UBX domain protein 11	Homo sapiens	33-37
1316893-9	1992	The GDP/GTP exchange reaction of SOCI was stimulated and inhibited by stimulatory and inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins for small G proteins, named smg GDS and rho GDI, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	151-158
1599487-1	1992	The GDP/GTP exchange reaction of rho p21, a member of ras p21-related small GTP-binding protein superfamily, is regulated by two stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange proteins (GEPs), named smg GDS and rho GDS, and by one inhibitory GEP, named rho GDI.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	37-40
1316893-9	1992	The GDP/GTP exchange reaction of SOCI was stimulated and inhibited by stimulatory and inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins for small G proteins, named smg GDS and rho GDI, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	163-170
1599487-1	1992	The GDP/GTP exchange reaction of rho p21, a member of ras p21-related small GTP-binding protein superfamily, is regulated by two stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange proteins (GEPs), named smg GDS and rho GDS, and by one inhibitory GEP, named rho GDI.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	58-61
1316893-9	1992	The GDP/GTP exchange reaction of SOCI was stimulated and inhibited by stimulatory and inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins for small G proteins, named smg GDS and rho GDI, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	UBX domain protein 11	Homo sapiens	33-37
1599487-2	1992	In bovine aortic smooth muscle, rho GDS and rho GDI were major GEPs for rho p21, and the rho GDI activity on the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of rho p21 was stronger than the rho GDS activity in their simultaneous presence.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	146-149
1599487-3	1992	Moreover, in the crude cytosol, the GDP-bound form of rho p21 was complexed with rho GDI but not with rho GDS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	58-61
1316893-9	1992	The GDP/GTP exchange reaction of SOCI was stimulated and inhibited by stimulatory and inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins for small G proteins, named smg GDS and rho GDI, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	151-158
1316893-9	1992	The GDP/GTP exchange reaction of SOCI was stimulated and inhibited by stimulatory and inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins for small G proteins, named smg GDS and rho GDI, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	163-170
1599397-4	1992	This protein recycles the initiation factor eIF-2 by promoting exchange of GDP bound to eIF-2 for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	44-49
1315770-2	1992	We reported previously that this posttranslational processing is essential for the interactions of smg p25A with membrane and its inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein, named smg p25A GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI).	Guanosine Diphosphate	141-144	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Bos taurus	99-107
1315770-2	1992	We reported previously that this posttranslational processing is essential for the interactions of smg p25A with membrane and its inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein, named smg p25A GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI).	Guanosine Diphosphate	141-144	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Bos taurus	173-181
1315770-2	1992	We reported previously that this posttranslational processing is essential for the interactions of smg p25A with membrane and its inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein, named smg p25A GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI).	Guanosine Diphosphate	182-185	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Bos taurus	99-107
1315770-2	1992	We reported previously that this posttranslational processing is essential for the interactions of smg p25A with membrane and its inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein, named smg p25A GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI).	Guanosine Diphosphate	182-185	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Bos taurus	173-181
1599397-4	1992	This protein recycles the initiation factor eIF-2 by promoting exchange of GDP bound to eIF-2 for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	88-93
1569938-8	1992	While the level of Ras function reflects the absolute level of GTP-bound protein, our results suggest that the ability of Sec4 to cycle between its GTP and GDP bound forms is important for its function in vesicular transport, supporting a mechanism for Sec4 function which is distinct from that of the Ras protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	122-126
1637866-2	1992	It is shown that EF-Ts does not dissociate from EF-Tu after GDP to GTP exchange, but remains bound to the Aa-tRNA.EF-Tu.GTP complex up to GTP hydrolysis stage on the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	17-22
1569942-6	1992	Cdc25 binds predominantly to the catalytically inactive GDP-bound form of Ras2, whereas a conformational change of Ras2 to its activated GTP-bound state results in its loss of binding affinity to Cdc25.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-5
1569942-6	1992	Cdc25 binds predominantly to the catalytically inactive GDP-bound form of Ras2, whereas a conformational change of Ras2 to its activated GTP-bound state results in its loss of binding affinity to Cdc25.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	74-78
1325662-0	1992	Epidermal growth factor stimulates the release of GDP induced by isoproterenol from isolated liver membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	0-23
1351295-1	1992	Ras p21 proteins cycle between inactive, GDP-bound forms and active GTP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
1518273-4	1992	Both the stimulatory and inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins for bovine rhoA p21 were inactive for bacterial rhoA p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	73-77
1518273-4	1992	Both the stimulatory and inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins for bovine rhoA p21 were inactive for bacterial rhoA p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	78-81
1518273-6	1992	These results indicate that the post-translational modifications of the C-terminal region of bovine rhoA p21, which are absent in bacterial rhoA p21, are essential for its interaction with membranes and the stimulatory and inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins but not with the GTPase activating protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	234-237	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	100-104
1518273-6	1992	These results indicate that the post-translational modifications of the C-terminal region of bovine rhoA p21, which are absent in bacterial rhoA p21, are essential for its interaction with membranes and the stimulatory and inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins but not with the GTPase activating protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	234-237	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	105-108
1301160-3	1992	The deduced polypeptide of hCHML displays several regions of homology to smg p25A GDI, a bovine protein known to regulate the GDP/GTP exchange of the GTP-binding protein smg p25A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-129	CHM like Rab escort protein	Homo sapiens	27-32
1551879-4	1992	We have studied, by monitoring the activation-dependent tryptophan fluorescence of transducin T alpha subunit, the pF (-log[F-]) and pH dependencies of the kinetics of activation and deactivation of T alpha GDP in the presence of NaF and aluminum or beryllium salts.	Guanosine Diphosphate	207-210	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	230-233
1325662-1	1992	Epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulated the release of GDP induced by isoproterenol from isolated liver membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	0-23
1325662-1	1992	Epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulated the release of GDP induced by isoproterenol from isolated liver membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	25-28
1544891-8	1992	5) Pertussis toxin-induced ADP-ribosylation of the nuclear protein was selectively inhibited by the addition of a nonhydrolyzable GTP analogue, and its inhibitory action was competitively blocked by the simultaneous addition of GDP or its analogues, as had been observed with plasma membrane-bound Gi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	228-231	RAS like proto-oncogene B	Rattus norvegicus	298-300
1740128-4	1992	Specific differences between p21 and EF-Tu were found in the action of divalent anions which strongly enhance the dissociation rate of p21.GDP without affecting that of EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-142	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	29-32
1740128-6	1992	The concentrations of Mg2+ influencing the dissociation rate of the p21.GDP complex are much higher than for the intrinsic GTPase activity, an effect also observed for EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	68-71
1547789-0	1992	The T-cell receptor zeta chain contains a GTP/GDP binding site.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	CD247 molecule	Homo sapiens	4-30
1740128-4	1992	Specific differences between p21 and EF-Tu were found in the action of divalent anions which strongly enhance the dissociation rate of p21.GDP without affecting that of EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-142	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	37-42
1740128-6	1992	The concentrations of Mg2+ influencing the dissociation rate of the p21.GDP complex are much higher than for the intrinsic GTPase activity, an effect also observed for EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	168-173
1740128-4	1992	Specific differences between p21 and EF-Tu were found in the action of divalent anions which strongly enhance the dissociation rate of p21.GDP without affecting that of EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-142	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	135-138
1540187-1	1992	A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 (smg GDS) stimulated the binding of guanosine 5"-(3-0-thio) triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to smg p21B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
1633420-2	1992	Regulation of p21ras is achieved by GTPase activating proteins, which control the rate of hydrolysis of GTP to GDP, and also by GDP dissociation stimulators, which catalyze the exchange of guanine nucleotides.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	14-20
1551445-4	1992	ADP-ribosylation facilitated the [3H]GDP release and subsequently, the binding of [3H]GTP to rhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	93-97
1633420-2	1992	Regulation of p21ras is achieved by GTPase activating proteins, which control the rate of hydrolysis of GTP to GDP, and also by GDP dissociation stimulators, which catalyze the exchange of guanine nucleotides.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	14-20
1495270-0	1992	The stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for ras p21-related small GTP-binding proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	16-19	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Bos taurus	49-52
1613976-4	1992	There are two regulatory proteins for smg p21, smg p21 GTPase activating protein (GAP) and smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS).	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G	Homo sapiens	38-41
1613976-4	1992	There are two regulatory proteins for smg p21, smg p21 GTPase activating protein (GAP) and smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS).	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
1549349-2	1992	p21 is a GTP-binding protein, and its activity is regulated by the bound GDP/GTP ratio.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
1549351-0	1992	Molecular cloning of the human cDNA for a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for c-Ki-ras p21 and smg p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	choline kinase alpha	Homo sapiens	83-87
1549351-0	1992	Molecular cloning of the human cDNA for a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for c-Ki-ras p21 and smg p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	92-95
1549351-0	1992	Molecular cloning of the human cDNA for a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for c-Ki-ras p21 and smg p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G	Homo sapiens	100-103
1549351-0	1992	Molecular cloning of the human cDNA for a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for c-Ki-ras p21 and smg p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	104-107
1549351-2	1992	smg GDS stimulates the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of a group of small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins), including at least c-Ki-ras p21, smg p21A, smg p21B, rhoA p21 and rhoB p21, by stimulating the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to each small G protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein G	Bos taurus	0-3
1549351-2	1992	smg GDS stimulates the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of a group of small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins), including at least c-Ki-ras p21, smg p21A, smg p21B, rhoA p21 and rhoB p21, by stimulating the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to each small G protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	choline kinase alpha	Homo sapiens	123-127
1549351-2	1992	smg GDS stimulates the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of a group of small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins), including at least c-Ki-ras p21, smg p21A, smg p21B, rhoA p21 and rhoB p21, by stimulating the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to each small G protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Bos taurus	132-135
1549351-2	1992	smg GDS stimulates the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of a group of small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins), including at least c-Ki-ras p21, smg p21A, smg p21B, rhoA p21 and rhoB p21, by stimulating the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to each small G protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein G	Bos taurus	137-140
1549351-2	1992	smg GDS stimulates the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of a group of small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins), including at least c-Ki-ras p21, smg p21A, smg p21B, rhoA p21 and rhoB p21, by stimulating the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to each small G protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein G	Bos taurus	137-140
1549351-2	1992	smg GDS stimulates the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of a group of small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins), including at least c-Ki-ras p21, smg p21A, smg p21B, rhoA p21 and rhoB p21, by stimulating the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to each small G protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Bos taurus	141-144
1549351-2	1992	smg GDS stimulates the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of a group of small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins), including at least c-Ki-ras p21, smg p21A, smg p21B, rhoA p21 and rhoB p21, by stimulating the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to each small G protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Bos taurus	141-144
1549351-2	1992	smg GDS stimulates the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of a group of small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins), including at least c-Ki-ras p21, smg p21A, smg p21B, rhoA p21 and rhoB p21, by stimulating the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to each small G protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	215-218	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein G	Bos taurus	0-3
1549351-2	1992	smg GDS stimulates the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of a group of small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins), including at least c-Ki-ras p21, smg p21A, smg p21B, rhoA p21 and rhoB p21, by stimulating the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to each small G protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	215-218	choline kinase alpha	Homo sapiens	123-127
1549351-2	1992	smg GDS stimulates the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of a group of small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins), including at least c-Ki-ras p21, smg p21A, smg p21B, rhoA p21 and rhoB p21, by stimulating the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to each small G protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	215-218	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Bos taurus	141-144
1549351-2	1992	smg GDS stimulates the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of a group of small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins), including at least c-Ki-ras p21, smg p21A, smg p21B, rhoA p21 and rhoB p21, by stimulating the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to each small G protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	215-218	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Bos taurus	141-144
1732742-7	1992	These and other results suggest that Rsr1p functions only in bud site selection and not in subsequent events of polarity establishment and bud formation, that this function involves a cycling between GTP-bound and GDP-bound forms of the protein, and that the suppression of cdc24 involves direct interaction between Rsr1p[GTP] and Cdc24p.	Guanosine Diphosphate	214-217	Ras family GTPase RSR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	37-42
1495270-1	1992	We have purified a novel type of regulatory protein for smg p21s, designated as smg p21 GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS), to near homogeneity from bovine brain cytosol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein G	Bos taurus	56-59
1495270-1	1992	We have purified a novel type of regulatory protein for smg p21s, designated as smg p21 GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS), to near homogeneity from bovine brain cytosol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein G	Bos taurus	80-83
1495270-1	1992	We have purified a novel type of regulatory protein for smg p21s, designated as smg p21 GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS), to near homogeneity from bovine brain cytosol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Bos taurus	60-63
1495270-4	1992	smg p21 GDS stimulates the dissociation of [3H]GDP from and also stimulates the binding of [35S]guanosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to smg p21s.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein G	Bos taurus	0-3
1495270-4	1992	smg p21 GDS stimulates the dissociation of [3H]GDP from and also stimulates the binding of [35S]guanosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to smg p21s.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Bos taurus	4-7
1495270-7	1992	These results indicate that bovine brain contains regulatory proteins for smg p21s that stimulate the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of smg p21s in addition to smg p21 GAP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein G	Bos taurus	74-77
1495270-7	1992	These results indicate that bovine brain contains regulatory proteins for smg p21s that stimulate the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of smg p21s in addition to smg p21 GAP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Bos taurus	78-81
1495270-7	1992	These results indicate that bovine brain contains regulatory proteins for smg p21s that stimulate the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of smg p21s in addition to smg p21 GAP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein G	Bos taurus	131-134
1495270-7	1992	These results indicate that bovine brain contains regulatory proteins for smg p21s that stimulate the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of smg p21s in addition to smg p21 GAP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein G	Bos taurus	131-134
1495270-7	1992	These results indicate that bovine brain contains regulatory proteins for smg p21s that stimulate the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of smg p21s in addition to smg p21 GAP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Bos taurus	135-138
1495270-8	1992	It is likely that the conversion from the GDP-bound inactive form of smg p21s to the GTP-bound active form is regulated by smg p21 GDS and that its reverse reaction is regulated by smg p21 GAP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein G	Bos taurus	69-72
1495270-8	1992	It is likely that the conversion from the GDP-bound inactive form of smg p21s to the GTP-bound active form is regulated by smg p21 GDS and that its reverse reaction is regulated by smg p21 GAP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Bos taurus	73-76
1495270-8	1992	It is likely that the conversion from the GDP-bound inactive form of smg p21s to the GTP-bound active form is regulated by smg p21 GDS and that its reverse reaction is regulated by smg p21 GAP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein G	Bos taurus	123-126
1495270-8	1992	It is likely that the conversion from the GDP-bound inactive form of smg p21s to the GTP-bound active form is regulated by smg p21 GDS and that its reverse reaction is regulated by smg p21 GAP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Bos taurus	127-130
1495270-8	1992	It is likely that the conversion from the GDP-bound inactive form of smg p21s to the GTP-bound active form is regulated by smg p21 GDS and that its reverse reaction is regulated by smg p21 GAP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein G	Bos taurus	123-126
1495270-8	1992	It is likely that the conversion from the GDP-bound inactive form of smg p21s to the GTP-bound active form is regulated by smg p21 GDS and that its reverse reaction is regulated by smg p21 GAP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Bos taurus	127-130
1310599-11	1992	In all these studies thrombin (0.05-0.2 unit/ml) elicited characteristic responses, and thrombin-induced secretion was inhibited by staurosporine, PGI2 and GDP[S].	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	21-29
1310599-11	1992	In all these studies thrombin (0.05-0.2 unit/ml) elicited characteristic responses, and thrombin-induced secretion was inhibited by staurosporine, PGI2 and GDP[S].	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	88-96
1730682-1	1992	smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS) is a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for a group of ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins) including c-Ki-ras p21, smg p21A, smg p21B, and rhoA p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	99-102
1730682-1	1992	smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS) is a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for a group of ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins) including c-Ki-ras p21, smg p21A, smg p21B, and rhoA p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	167-170
1730682-1	1992	smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS) is a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for a group of ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins) including c-Ki-ras p21, smg p21A, smg p21B, and rhoA p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog	Mus musculus	186-190
1730682-1	1992	smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS) is a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for a group of ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins) including c-Ki-ras p21, smg p21A, smg p21B, and rhoA p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	167-170
1730682-1	1992	smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS) is a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for a group of ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins) including c-Ki-ras p21, smg p21A, smg p21B, and rhoA p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	99-102
1730682-1	1992	smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS) is a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for a group of ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins) including c-Ki-ras p21, smg p21A, smg p21B, and rhoA p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	167-170
1730682-1	1992	smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS) is a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for a group of ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins) including c-Ki-ras p21, smg p21A, smg p21B, and rhoA p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog	Mus musculus	186-190
1730682-1	1992	smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS) is a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for a group of ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins) including c-Ki-ras p21, smg p21A, smg p21B, and rhoA p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	167-170
1763330-3	1991	The (guanosine-5"-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTP-gamma-S)-bound form of Rap1A bound more tightly to cytochrome b558 than did the guanosine diphosphate-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-147	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	69-74
1731790-1	1992	We present here further evidence supporting that histone H1 contains a nucleotide binding site interacting e.g. with ADP, ATP, GDP and GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	127-130	H1.0 linker histone	Homo sapiens	49-59
1734890-0	1992	Both stimulatory and inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins, smg GDS and rho GDI, are active on multiple small GTP-binding proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	59-66
1734890-0	1992	Both stimulatory and inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins, smg GDS and rho GDI, are active on multiple small GTP-binding proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	71-78
1552830-0	1992	Presence and some characterization of GDP dissociation inhibitors for a low Mr GTP-binding protein, ram p25, in rat spleen cytosol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	72-98
1552830-0	1992	Presence and some characterization of GDP dissociation inhibitors for a low Mr GTP-binding protein, ram p25, in rat spleen cytosol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	RAB27A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	100-107
1552830-1	1992	Two proteinous factors, designated here as ram p25 GDP dissociation inhibitor (I) and (II) (ram-GDI (I) and (II)), were detected in the cytosolic fraction of rat spleen, which inhibited the initial dissociation of GDP from ram p25 produced by E. coli by causing characteristic lag.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	lipocalin 2	Rattus norvegicus	47-50
1552830-1	1992	Two proteinous factors, designated here as ram p25 GDP dissociation inhibitor (I) and (II) (ram-GDI (I) and (II)), were detected in the cytosolic fraction of rat spleen, which inhibited the initial dissociation of GDP from ram p25 produced by E. coli by causing characteristic lag.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	lipocalin 2	Rattus norvegicus	227-230
1552830-1	1992	Two proteinous factors, designated here as ram p25 GDP dissociation inhibitor (I) and (II) (ram-GDI (I) and (II)), were detected in the cytosolic fraction of rat spleen, which inhibited the initial dissociation of GDP from ram p25 produced by E. coli by causing characteristic lag.	Guanosine Diphosphate	214-217	lipocalin 2	Rattus norvegicus	47-50
1741165-7	1992	In vivo guanine nucleotide binding to p21ras in the revertant cell lines demonstrated binding of both GTP and GDP, indicating that reversion to the non-transformed phenotype was not due to inability of p21ras to bind GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	38-44
1662619-7	1991	In support of this mechanism it was demonstrated that the bradykinin-induced phospholipase A2 activity was increased in the presence of non-hydrolysable GTP but decreased upon addition of non-hydrolysable GDP analogues.	Guanosine Diphosphate	205-208	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	77-93
1763330-3	1991	The (guanosine-5"-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTP-gamma-S)-bound form of Rap1A bound more tightly to cytochrome b558 than did the guanosine diphosphate-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-147	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	97-109
1952949-8	1991	It is suggested that Mg2+ binds to the beta and gamma phosphates of GTP, and only to the beta phosphate of GDP, as shown for the H. ras p21 protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	mucin 7, secreted	Homo sapiens	21-24
1557930-8	1992	Liposomal encapsulation resulted in longer IgG2a/2b and IgG3 half-lives, especially when MDP-GDP was present in the liposome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 3 (G3m marker)	Homo sapiens	56-60
1952949-6	1991	Binding of Mg2+ to tubulin containing GTP, GDP, or no nucleotide at the E-site was also examined by the micropartition method.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	mucin 7, secreted	Homo sapiens	11-14
1683874-4	1991	Binding occurred equally well at 4 degrees C or 37 degrees C. Prior incubation of exogenous TGase with guanosine 5"-triphosphate (GTP), guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP), or adenosine triphosphate (ATP) had little effect on the amount bound to matrix, but prior treatment with calcium, magnesium, strontium, or manganese ions enhanced binding 2- to 3-fold.	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-160	transglutaminase 1	Homo sapiens	92-97
1804111-1	1991	The kinetics of the heterologous exchange of GDP bound to EF-Tu by free GTP catalysed by EF-Ts have been analysed with a view to correlating results obtainable with different computational procedures.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	58-63
1804111-1	1991	The kinetics of the heterologous exchange of GDP bound to EF-Tu by free GTP catalysed by EF-Ts have been analysed with a view to correlating results obtainable with different computational procedures.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	89-94
1764024-6	1991	The inositol phosphate response to ET-1 is poorly potentiated by guanosine 5"-[gamma-thio]triphosphate (GTP[S]) and markedly inhibited by guanosine 5"-[beta-thio]diphosphate (GDP[S]), whereas that to LPA is potentiated by GTP[S] but is relatively insensitive to GDP[S].	Guanosine Diphosphate	175-178	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	35-39
1764024-6	1991	The inositol phosphate response to ET-1 is poorly potentiated by guanosine 5"-[gamma-thio]triphosphate (GTP[S]) and markedly inhibited by guanosine 5"-[beta-thio]diphosphate (GDP[S]), whereas that to LPA is potentiated by GTP[S] but is relatively insensitive to GDP[S].	Guanosine Diphosphate	262-265	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	35-39
1786631-3	1991	Thus, the NF1 protein is thought to play a role in signal transduction by stimulating the conversion of the Ras protein from a GTP-bound active form to a GDP-bound inactive form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	154-157	neurofibromin 1	Homo sapiens	10-13
1683874-4	1991	Binding occurred equally well at 4 degrees C or 37 degrees C. Prior incubation of exogenous TGase with guanosine 5"-triphosphate (GTP), guanosine 5"-diphosphate (GDP), or adenosine triphosphate (ATP) had little effect on the amount bound to matrix, but prior treatment with calcium, magnesium, strontium, or manganese ions enhanced binding 2- to 3-fold.	Guanosine Diphosphate	162-165	transglutaminase 1	Homo sapiens	92-97
1834672-6	1991	Like G protein-coupled receptors, GAP-43 enhances GDP release from G0, increases the initial rate of GTP gamma S binding, and increases the GTPase activity of Go, all without altering the intrinsic kappa cat for the GTPase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	growth associated protein 43	Homo sapiens	34-40
1939245-6	1991	This effect occurred at picomolar concentrations of Rap1A, and the GTP gamma S-bound form of the protein was consistently found to be more potent than the GDP form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	155-158	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	52-57
1956381-4	1991	Here we show that dbl specifically catalyses the dissociation of GDP from CDC42Hs and thereby qualifies as a highly selective guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the GTP-binding protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	74-81
1658935-4	1991	NDK-catalyzed phosphorylation of bound GDP was investigated for the adenosine diphosphate ribosylation factor (ARF), a 21-kilodalton GTP-binding protein that functions in the protein secretion pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 4	Homo sapiens	0-3
1658935-5	1991	Bovine liver NDK, recombinant human NDK, and the protein product of the mouse gene nm23-1, which suppresses the metastatic potential of certain tumor cells, used ARF-GDP as a substrate, thereby allowing rapid and efficient production of activated ARF (ARF-GTP) in the absence of nucleotide exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	166-169	NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 4	Homo sapiens	13-16
1658935-5	1991	Bovine liver NDK, recombinant human NDK, and the protein product of the mouse gene nm23-1, which suppresses the metastatic potential of certain tumor cells, used ARF-GDP as a substrate, thereby allowing rapid and efficient production of activated ARF (ARF-GTP) in the absence of nucleotide exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	166-169	NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 4	Homo sapiens	36-39
1932015-1	1991	We have measured the Raman spectrum of GDP bound to the elongation factor protein, EF-Tu, and the c-Harvey-ras protein, p21, two proteins of the guanine nucleotide binding family.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	83-88
1939224-4	1991	Protein kinase C catalyzes the rapid and nearly stoichiometric phosphorylation of recombinant Gz alpha, with the modification occurring preferentially for the GDP-bound form of the subunit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	159-162	G protein subunit alpha z	Homo sapiens	94-102
1944575-6	1991	We have shown that this 25K protein has a sequence homologous to the translated reading frame of TC4, a cDNA found by screening a human teratocarcinoma cDNA library with oligonucleotides coding for a ras consensus sequence, and that the protein binds GDP and GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	251-254	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	97-100
1939117-0	1991	Inhibition of the action of the stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 by the geranylgeranylated synthetic peptides designed from its C-terminal region.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	77-80
1839491-6	1991	S. aureus EF-Tu differed from its E. coli counterpart in that it bound negligible amounts of [3H]GDP, in addition to being insensitive to pulvomycin and aurodox (50% inhibitory concentrations, approximately 100 and 1,000 microM, respectively, versus 2 and 0.2 microM, respectively, for E. coli).	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	AT695_RS01290	Staphylococcus aureus	10-15
1953651-5	1991	(1) In the obese rats (cafeteria and post-cafeteria) the chronic increase in mitochondrial UCP concentration compared with controls parallels the increase in GDP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	158-161	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	91-94
1820685-4	1991	Other cellular factors can positively regulate p21ras by stimulating GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
1925604-3	1991	Immunoprecipitated CD4 and CD8 complexes bound GTP and hydrolyzed it to guanosine diphosphate (GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-93	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	19-22
1925604-3	1991	Immunoprecipitated CD4 and CD8 complexes bound GTP and hydrolyzed it to guanosine diphosphate (GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-93	CD8a molecule	Homo sapiens	27-30
1925604-3	1991	Immunoprecipitated CD4 and CD8 complexes bound GTP and hydrolyzed it to guanosine diphosphate (GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	19-22
1925604-3	1991	Immunoprecipitated CD4 and CD8 complexes bound GTP and hydrolyzed it to guanosine diphosphate (GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	CD8a molecule	Homo sapiens	27-30
1953651-6	1991	(2) In 24 h-fasted control rats the decrease in GDP binding is associated with a change in UCP concentration, but in fasting cafeteria and post-cafeteria obese rats the decrease in GDP binding is not associated with any change in UCP concentration.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	91-94
1894650-1	1991	The H-ras gene product p21H has been mutated at Phe-28, which makes a hydrophobic interaction with the guanine base of bound GDP/GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	4-9
1663155-12	1991	For the docking of the guanine derivative, the X-ray structure of Elongation Factor Tu (EF-Tu), co-crystallized with guanosine diphosphate, was taken as reference.	Guanosine Diphosphate	117-138	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	66-86
1663155-12	1991	For the docking of the guanine derivative, the X-ray structure of Elongation Factor Tu (EF-Tu), co-crystallized with guanosine diphosphate, was taken as reference.	Guanosine Diphosphate	117-138	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	88-93
1894650-9	1991	This shows that p21 (F28L) is converted to the GDP bound form by GAP but is transforming because the high dissociation rate for nucleotides leads to a protein predominantly in the active GTP bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	16-19
1894650-9	1991	This shows that p21 (F28L) is converted to the GDP bound form by GAP but is transforming because the high dissociation rate for nucleotides leads to a protein predominantly in the active GTP bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	RAS p21 protein activator 1	Rattus norvegicus	65-68
1657618-4	1991	Under conditions in which the combination of GDP and ATP[S] induced 70-90% of maximal inhibition of [3H]FMLP binding, a total concentration of about 7 nM GTP[S] formed was measured.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	104-108
1657618-7	1991	Finally, regulation of [3H]FMLP binding by ATP[S] plus GDP (or GTP) was a time-dependent process, reaching maximal inhibition after 20-30 min of incubation at 25 degrees C. The data indicate that nucleoside diphosphokinase present in membranes of HL 60 cells can transfer the thiophosphate group of ATP[S] to GDP leading to formation of GTP[S] and that the GTP[S] thus formed efficiently binds to G proteins interacting with formyl peptide receptors and thereby regulates their agonist binding affinity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	309-312	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	27-31
1657618-5	1991	The synergistic effect of GDP and ATP[S] on [3H]FMLP binding was not seen in the presence of UDP (1 mM), which blocked formation of GTP[S] from GDP and ATP[S].	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
1657618-5	1991	The synergistic effect of GDP and ATP[S] on [3H]FMLP binding was not seen in the presence of UDP (1 mM), which blocked formation of GTP[S] from GDP and ATP[S].	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
1657618-7	1991	Finally, regulation of [3H]FMLP binding by ATP[S] plus GDP (or GTP) was a time-dependent process, reaching maximal inhibition after 20-30 min of incubation at 25 degrees C. The data indicate that nucleoside diphosphokinase present in membranes of HL 60 cells can transfer the thiophosphate group of ATP[S] to GDP leading to formation of GTP[S] and that the GTP[S] thus formed efficiently binds to G proteins interacting with formyl peptide receptors and thereby regulates their agonist binding affinity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	27-31
1772451-3	1991	22, 523-533:1990) for the reactions catalysed by eIF-2B (GEF) in which free GDP exchanges with GDP bound to eIF-2 have been re-evaluated using the computational procedures developed by Chau et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	49-55
1772451-3	1991	22, 523-533:1990) for the reactions catalysed by eIF-2B (GEF) in which free GDP exchanges with GDP bound to eIF-2 have been re-evaluated using the computational procedures developed by Chau et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	57-60
1772451-3	1991	22, 523-533:1990) for the reactions catalysed by eIF-2B (GEF) in which free GDP exchanges with GDP bound to eIF-2 have been re-evaluated using the computational procedures developed by Chau et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	49-54
1885567-5	1991	GDP and the non-hydrolyzable GTP analog guanyl-5"-yl imidodiphosphate are also capable of facilitating ternary complex formation with EF-Tu.Tsmt, but are less effective.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	134-139
1772451-3	1991	22, 523-533:1990) for the reactions catalysed by eIF-2B (GEF) in which free GDP exchanges with GDP bound to eIF-2 have been re-evaluated using the computational procedures developed by Chau et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	49-55
1772451-3	1991	22, 523-533:1990) for the reactions catalysed by eIF-2B (GEF) in which free GDP exchanges with GDP bound to eIF-2 have been re-evaluated using the computational procedures developed by Chau et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	57-60
1772451-3	1991	22, 523-533:1990) for the reactions catalysed by eIF-2B (GEF) in which free GDP exchanges with GDP bound to eIF-2 have been re-evaluated using the computational procedures developed by Chau et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	49-54
1772451-8	1991	emphasises the interrelationships of the rate constants for the binding of GDP and of EF-Ts (eIF-2B) to the ternary complex EF-Ts.EF-Tu.GDP (eIF-2B.eIF-2.GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	93-99
1772451-8	1991	emphasises the interrelationships of the rate constants for the binding of GDP and of EF-Ts (eIF-2B) to the ternary complex EF-Ts.EF-Tu.GDP (eIF-2B.eIF-2.GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	124-129
1772451-8	1991	emphasises the interrelationships of the rate constants for the binding of GDP and of EF-Ts (eIF-2B) to the ternary complex EF-Ts.EF-Tu.GDP (eIF-2B.eIF-2.GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	124-129
1772451-8	1991	emphasises the interrelationships of the rate constants for the binding of GDP and of EF-Ts (eIF-2B) to the ternary complex EF-Ts.EF-Tu.GDP (eIF-2B.eIF-2.GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	130-135
1772451-8	1991	emphasises the interrelationships of the rate constants for the binding of GDP and of EF-Ts (eIF-2B) to the ternary complex EF-Ts.EF-Tu.GDP (eIF-2B.eIF-2.GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	130-135
1772451-8	1991	emphasises the interrelationships of the rate constants for the binding of GDP and of EF-Ts (eIF-2B) to the ternary complex EF-Ts.EF-Tu.GDP (eIF-2B.eIF-2.GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	141-147
1772451-8	1991	emphasises the interrelationships of the rate constants for the binding of GDP and of EF-Ts (eIF-2B) to the ternary complex EF-Ts.EF-Tu.GDP (eIF-2B.eIF-2.GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	93-98
1772451-8	1991	emphasises the interrelationships of the rate constants for the binding of GDP and of EF-Ts (eIF-2B) to the ternary complex EF-Ts.EF-Tu.GDP (eIF-2B.eIF-2.GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	86-91
1772451-8	1991	emphasises the interrelationships of the rate constants for the binding of GDP and of EF-Ts (eIF-2B) to the ternary complex EF-Ts.EF-Tu.GDP (eIF-2B.eIF-2.GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	93-99
1772451-8	1991	emphasises the interrelationships of the rate constants for the binding of GDP and of EF-Ts (eIF-2B) to the ternary complex EF-Ts.EF-Tu.GDP (eIF-2B.eIF-2.GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	124-129
1772451-8	1991	emphasises the interrelationships of the rate constants for the binding of GDP and of EF-Ts (eIF-2B) to the ternary complex EF-Ts.EF-Tu.GDP (eIF-2B.eIF-2.GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	130-135
1772451-8	1991	emphasises the interrelationships of the rate constants for the binding of GDP and of EF-Ts (eIF-2B) to the ternary complex EF-Ts.EF-Tu.GDP (eIF-2B.eIF-2.GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	141-147
1772451-8	1991	emphasises the interrelationships of the rate constants for the binding of GDP and of EF-Ts (eIF-2B) to the ternary complex EF-Ts.EF-Tu.GDP (eIF-2B.eIF-2.GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	93-98
1772451-8	1991	emphasises the interrelationships of the rate constants for the binding of GDP and of EF-Ts (eIF-2B) to the ternary complex EF-Ts.EF-Tu.GDP (eIF-2B.eIF-2.GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	141-147
1772451-8	1991	emphasises the interrelationships of the rate constants for the binding of GDP and of EF-Ts (eIF-2B) to the ternary complex EF-Ts.EF-Tu.GDP (eIF-2B.eIF-2.GDP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	136-139	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	86-91
1714894-9	1991	2) A GDP analogue that inhibits signaling through G-proteins inhibited expression of 9E3 and phosphorylation of a 67-kDa PKC substrate induced by v-Fps.	Guanosine Diphosphate	5-8	farnesyl diphosphate synthase	Gallus gallus	148-151
1923522-2	1991	This GAP-related domain of the NF1 gene (NF1-GRD), like the GAP and IRA protein, has been reported to mediate hydrolysis of Ras-bound GTP to GDP, resulting in inactivation of Ras protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	141-144	neurofibromin 1	Homo sapiens	31-34
1923522-2	1991	This GAP-related domain of the NF1 gene (NF1-GRD), like the GAP and IRA protein, has been reported to mediate hydrolysis of Ras-bound GTP to GDP, resulting in inactivation of Ras protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	141-144	neurofibromin 1	Homo sapiens	41-44
1883343-5	1991	The ability of GTP[S] to stimulate this PLD activity was Mg(2+)-dependent and was inhibited by GDP and its non-hydrolysable beta-thio analogue.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	40-43
1907914-1	1991	The elongation factor 1 alpha (aEF-1 alpha) was purified to homogeneity from the thermoacidophilic archaebacterium Sulfolobus solfataricus by chromatographic procedures utilising DEAE-Sepharose, hydroxyapatite and FPLC on Mono S. The purified protein binds [3H]GDP at a 1:1 molar ratio and it is essential for poly(Phe) synthesis in vitro; it also binds GTP but not ATP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	261-264	Hsp20/alpha crystallin family protein	Saccharolobus solfataricus	4-29
1907371-1	1991	We have purified a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21A and -B, ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins), cloned its cDNA, and named it GDP dissociation stimulator (smg p21 GDS).	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	81-84
1856230-5	1991	Analysis of eIF-5-catalyzed reaction products by gel filtration indicated that both eIF-2.GDP binary complex and Pi formed were released from the ribosomal complex whereas Met-tRNAf remained bound to 40 S ribosomes as a Met-tRNAf.40 S.AUG complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Oryctolagus cuniculus	12-17
1907371-0	1991	A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 is active on the post-translationally processed form of c-Ki-ras p21 and rhoA p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
1907371-0	1991	A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 is active on the post-translationally processed form of c-Ki-ras p21 and rhoA p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	choline kinase alpha	Homo sapiens	107-111
1907371-0	1991	A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 is active on the post-translationally processed form of c-Ki-ras p21 and rhoA p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
1907371-0	1991	A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 is active on the post-translationally processed form of c-Ki-ras p21 and rhoA p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	116-119
1907371-1	1991	We have purified a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21A and -B, ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins), cloned its cDNA, and named it GDP dissociation stimulator (smg p21 GDS).	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	64-67
1649188-2	1991	Since the first event after receptor-G protein interaction is exchange of GTP for GDP on the G protein, the effect of EGF was measured on the initial rates of guanosine 5"-O-(3-[35S]thiotriphosphate) [( 35S]GTP gamma S) association and [alpha-32P]GDP dissociation in rat hepatocyte membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	82-85	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	118-121
1649188-4	1991	EGF also increased the initial rate of [alpha-32P]GDP dissociation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
1649188-9	1991	The effect of angiotensin II on [alpha-32P]GDP dissociation was blocked by the angiotensin II receptor antagonist [Sar1,Ile8]angiotensin II, demonstrating that the guanine nucleotide binding was receptor-mediated.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	14-28
1649188-9	1991	The effect of angiotensin II on [alpha-32P]GDP dissociation was blocked by the angiotensin II receptor antagonist [Sar1,Ile8]angiotensin II, demonstrating that the guanine nucleotide binding was receptor-mediated.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	79-93
1649188-9	1991	The effect of angiotensin II on [alpha-32P]GDP dissociation was blocked by the angiotensin II receptor antagonist [Sar1,Ile8]angiotensin II, demonstrating that the guanine nucleotide binding was receptor-mediated.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	79-93
1905716-3	1991	Rhodopsin facilitates the exchange of GTP gamma S for GDP bound to Gt alpha beta gamma with a 60-fold higher apparent affinity than for Gt alpha alone.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	0-9
1905716-3	1991	Rhodopsin facilitates the exchange of GTP gamma S for GDP bound to Gt alpha beta gamma with a 60-fold higher apparent affinity than for Gt alpha alone.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	integrin subunit alpha 2b	Homo sapiens	67-75
1905955-6	1991	The diminishing ability of bleached rhodopsin to activate Gt was measured by monitoring the level of catalyzed exchange of Gt-bound GDP for a nonhydrolyzable GTP analogue.	Guanosine Diphosphate	132-135	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	36-45
1742352-4	1991	A constant EF-Tu.GTP concentration is maintained by regenerating GDP to GTP at the expense of phosphoenolpyruvate by pyruvate kinase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	11-16
1742357-2	1991	By this method we showed that unmodified EF-2 formed a stable complex with GDP but not with GTP, whereas phosphorylated EF-2 and ADP-ribosylated + phosphorylated EF-2 formed stable complexes even in the absence of irradiation, with GTP but not GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	244-247	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Homo sapiens	41-45
1742357-2	1991	By this method we showed that unmodified EF-2 formed a stable complex with GDP but not with GTP, whereas phosphorylated EF-2 and ADP-ribosylated + phosphorylated EF-2 formed stable complexes even in the absence of irradiation, with GTP but not GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	244-247	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Homo sapiens	120-124
1742357-2	1991	By this method we showed that unmodified EF-2 formed a stable complex with GDP but not with GTP, whereas phosphorylated EF-2 and ADP-ribosylated + phosphorylated EF-2 formed stable complexes even in the absence of irradiation, with GTP but not GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	244-247	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Homo sapiens	120-124
1742357-2	1991	By this method we showed that unmodified EF-2 formed a stable complex with GDP but not with GTP, whereas phosphorylated EF-2 and ADP-ribosylated + phosphorylated EF-2 formed stable complexes even in the absence of irradiation, with GTP but not GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Homo sapiens	41-45
1938104-10	1991	The rap.-GDP complex was unaffected by 10 microM p891.	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	LDL receptor related protein associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	4-7
1938104-11	1991	Dissociation of the G25K- and rac.GDP complexes were enhanced slightly; approximately 1.3- and 1.8-fold over control, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	30-33
1680719-9	1991	Nucleotides decrease the binding of [3H]rauwolscine to the 5-HT1A receptors with an order of potencies (i.e. GTP gamma S greater than GPP(NH)P much greater than GDP greater than GTP much greater than ATP) that is typical for nucleotide-mediated receptor-G protein dissociation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	161-164	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens	59-65
1908842-0	1991	Inhibition of the action of a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 by acidic membrane phospholipids.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	75-78
1908842-1	1991	A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 (smg p21 GDS) stimulated the dissociation of GDP from smg p21B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
1908842-1	1991	A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 (smg p21 GDS) stimulated the dissociation of GDP from smg p21B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
1908842-1	1991	A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 (smg p21 GDS) stimulated the dissociation of GDP from smg p21B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	47-50
1908842-1	1991	A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 (smg p21 GDS) stimulated the dissociation of GDP from smg p21B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	56-59
2040617-7	1991	Conditions which resulted in the activation of the alpha T.GDP subunit (i.e. the addition of AlF4- or the addition of rhodopsin-containing vesicles and GTP gamma S) resulted in a reversal of the alpha T.GDP-induced enhancement of the MIANS beta gamma T fluorescence.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	118-127
2040617-7	1991	Conditions which resulted in the activation of the alpha T.GDP subunit (i.e. the addition of AlF4- or the addition of rhodopsin-containing vesicles and GTP gamma S) resulted in a reversal of the alpha T.GDP-induced enhancement of the MIANS beta gamma T fluorescence.	Guanosine Diphosphate	203-206	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	118-127
1904555-1	1991	The ras-encoded p21ras proteins bind GTP very tightly, but catalyse hydrolysis to GDP very slowly.	Guanosine Diphosphate	82-85	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	16-22
2037589-7	1991	Like EF-1 alpha, purified thesaurin a binds tRNA, GDP, and GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	Elongation factor 1-alpha L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	26-37
1773804-3	1991	The K-rev-1 cDNA has the capacity to encode a protein with a calculated molecular weight of 21,000, having strong structural similarity to ras proteins (approximately 50% homology), especially in their guanosine triphosphate/guanosine diphosphate-binding, effector-binding, and membrane-attachment domains.	Guanosine Diphosphate	225-246	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	4-11
1904217-2	1991	The GTP-binding protein inhibitor GDP[S] blocked both the stimulatory and inhibitory actions of GTP[S].	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 3	Homo sapiens	4-23
1901951-0	1991	Molecular cloning of the cDNA for stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21s (ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins) and characterization of stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	79-82
1901951-0	1991	Molecular cloning of the cDNA for stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21s (ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins) and characterization of stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	162-165	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	79-82
1901951-1	1991	We have recently purified to near homogeneity the stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21s (ras p21-like GTP-binding proteins) from bovine brain cytosol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	95-98
1901951-8	1991	smg p21 GDS has low amino acid sequence homology with the yeast CDC25 and SCD25 proteins, which may regulate the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the yeast RAS2 protein, but not with ras p21 GTPase-activating protein, the inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins (GDP dissociation inhibitor) for smg p25A and rho p21s, and the beta gamma subunits of heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins such as Gs and Gi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	4-7
1901951-8	1991	smg p21 GDS has low amino acid sequence homology with the yeast CDC25 and SCD25 proteins, which may regulate the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the yeast RAS2 protein, but not with ras p21 GTPase-activating protein, the inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins (GDP dissociation inhibitor) for smg p25A and rho p21s, and the beta gamma subunits of heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins such as Gs and Gi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	64-69
1901951-8	1991	smg p21 GDS has low amino acid sequence homology with the yeast CDC25 and SCD25 proteins, which may regulate the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the yeast RAS2 protein, but not with ras p21 GTPase-activating protein, the inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins (GDP dissociation inhibitor) for smg p25A and rho p21s, and the beta gamma subunits of heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins such as Gs and Gi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	152-156
1901951-8	1991	smg p21 GDS has low amino acid sequence homology with the yeast CDC25 and SCD25 proteins, which may regulate the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the yeast RAS2 protein, but not with ras p21 GTPase-activating protein, the inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins (GDP dissociation inhibitor) for smg p25A and rho p21s, and the beta gamma subunits of heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins such as Gs and Gi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	229-232	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	4-7
1901951-8	1991	smg p21 GDS has low amino acid sequence homology with the yeast CDC25 and SCD25 proteins, which may regulate the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the yeast RAS2 protein, but not with ras p21 GTPase-activating protein, the inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins (GDP dissociation inhibitor) for smg p25A and rho p21s, and the beta gamma subunits of heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins such as Gs and Gi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	229-232	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	64-69
1901951-8	1991	smg p21 GDS has low amino acid sequence homology with the yeast CDC25 and SCD25 proteins, which may regulate the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the yeast RAS2 protein, but not with ras p21 GTPase-activating protein, the inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins (GDP dissociation inhibitor) for smg p25A and rho p21s, and the beta gamma subunits of heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins such as Gs and Gi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	229-232	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	152-156
1901951-8	1991	smg p21 GDS has low amino acid sequence homology with the yeast CDC25 and SCD25 proteins, which may regulate the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the yeast RAS2 protein, but not with ras p21 GTPase-activating protein, the inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins (GDP dissociation inhibitor) for smg p25A and rho p21s, and the beta gamma subunits of heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins such as Gs and Gi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	229-232	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	4-7
1901951-8	1991	smg p21 GDS has low amino acid sequence homology with the yeast CDC25 and SCD25 proteins, which may regulate the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the yeast RAS2 protein, but not with ras p21 GTPase-activating protein, the inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins (GDP dissociation inhibitor) for smg p25A and rho p21s, and the beta gamma subunits of heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins such as Gs and Gi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	229-232	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	64-69
1901951-8	1991	smg p21 GDS has low amino acid sequence homology with the yeast CDC25 and SCD25 proteins, which may regulate the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the yeast RAS2 protein, but not with ras p21 GTPase-activating protein, the inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins (GDP dissociation inhibitor) for smg p25A and rho p21s, and the beta gamma subunits of heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins such as Gs and Gi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	229-232	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	152-156
1901952-0	1991	A mammalian inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein (GDP dissociation inhibitor) for smg p25A is active on the yeast SEC4 protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	113-117
1901952-3	1991	We show here that the mammalian GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), which was identified by its action on smg p25A, is active on the yeast SEC4 protein in inhibiting the GDP/GTP exchange reaction and is capable of forming a complex with the GDP-bound form of the SEC4 protein but not with the GTP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	137-141
1901952-3	1991	We show here that the mammalian GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), which was identified by its action on smg p25A, is active on the yeast SEC4 protein in inhibiting the GDP/GTP exchange reaction and is capable of forming a complex with the GDP-bound form of the SEC4 protein but not with the GTP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	261-265
1901952-3	1991	We show here that the mammalian GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), which was identified by its action on smg p25A, is active on the yeast SEC4 protein in inhibiting the GDP/GTP exchange reaction and is capable of forming a complex with the GDP-bound form of the SEC4 protein but not with the GTP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	168-171	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	137-141
1901952-3	1991	We show here that the mammalian GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), which was identified by its action on smg p25A, is active on the yeast SEC4 protein in inhibiting the GDP/GTP exchange reaction and is capable of forming a complex with the GDP-bound form of the SEC4 protein but not with the GTP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	168-171	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	261-265
1901952-3	1991	We show here that the mammalian GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), which was identified by its action on smg p25A, is active on the yeast SEC4 protein in inhibiting the GDP/GTP exchange reaction and is capable of forming a complex with the GDP-bound form of the SEC4 protein but not with the GTP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	168-171	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	137-141
1901952-3	1991	We show here that the mammalian GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), which was identified by its action on smg p25A, is active on the yeast SEC4 protein in inhibiting the GDP/GTP exchange reaction and is capable of forming a complex with the GDP-bound form of the SEC4 protein but not with the GTP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	168-171	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	261-265
2017169-3	1991	Extracts of strains containing high levels of Cdc25p catalyze both removal of GDP from and the concurrent binding of GTP to Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	46-52
2017178-2	1991	The activity of p21ras itself is regulated by its cyclic association with GDP-GTP, where p21ras-GTP is the active form and p21ras-GDP is the inactive form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	16-22
2017178-2	1991	The activity of p21ras itself is regulated by its cyclic association with GDP-GTP, where p21ras-GTP is the active form and p21ras-GDP is the inactive form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	89-95
2017178-2	1991	The activity of p21ras itself is regulated by its cyclic association with GDP-GTP, where p21ras-GTP is the active form and p21ras-GDP is the inactive form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	89-95
2017178-3	1991	A GTPase-activating protein (GAP) mediates the inactivation of p21ras by facilitating the conversion of the active p21ras-GTP to the inactive p21ras-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	149-152	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	63-66
2017178-3	1991	A GTPase-activating protein (GAP) mediates the inactivation of p21ras by facilitating the conversion of the active p21ras-GTP to the inactive p21ras-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	149-152	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	63-69
2017178-3	1991	A GTPase-activating protein (GAP) mediates the inactivation of p21ras by facilitating the conversion of the active p21ras-GTP to the inactive p21ras-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	149-152	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	115-121
1747158-4	1991	Both pertussis toxin pretreatment and including GDP [beta-S] in the patch pipette solution completely abolished the inhibitory effect of NPY on IACh.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	neuropeptide Y	Bos taurus	137-140
1902223-6	1991	Photolabeling of p28 was specific for GTP and GDP, since no other guanine or adenine nucleotide tested was able to compete efficiently with [alpha-32P]GDP for photolabeling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	golgi SNAP receptor complex member 1	Rattus norvegicus	17-20
1902223-6	1991	Photolabeling of p28 was specific for GTP and GDP, since no other guanine or adenine nucleotide tested was able to compete efficiently with [alpha-32P]GDP for photolabeling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	151-154	golgi SNAP receptor complex member 1	Rattus norvegicus	17-20
1826565-2	1991	The ras gene product (p21) is a GTP-binding protein, and the activity of the protein is regulated by bound GDP/GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
1850098-1	1991	GTPase-activating protein (GAP) stimulates the ability of p21ras to hydrolyze GTP to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	58-64
2026171-3	1991	In contrast to amino-terminal fragments, those derived from the carboxy-terminal part of EF-1 beta were still active in enhancing the guanine nucleotide exchange of GDP bound to EF-1 alpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2	Homo sapiens	89-98
2026171-3	1991	In contrast to amino-terminal fragments, those derived from the carboxy-terminal part of EF-1 beta were still active in enhancing the guanine nucleotide exchange of GDP bound to EF-1 alpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	178-188
1903193-4	1991	The inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein for rhoA p21, named GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), made a complex with the GDP-bound form of bovine rhoA p21 and thereby inhibited the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to it.	Guanosine Diphosphate	15-18	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	49-52
1903193-4	1991	The inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein for rhoA p21, named GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), made a complex with the GDP-bound form of bovine rhoA p21 and thereby inhibited the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to it.	Guanosine Diphosphate	15-18	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	148-151
1903193-6	1991	The stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for rhoA p21, named GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS), stimulated the dissociation of GDP from bovine rhoA p21, but was inactive for the bacterial protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	50-53
1903193-6	1991	The stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for rhoA p21, named GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS), stimulated the dissociation of GDP from bovine rhoA p21, but was inactive for the bacterial protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	148-151
1903193-6	1991	The stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for rhoA p21, named GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS), stimulated the dissociation of GDP from bovine rhoA p21, but was inactive for the bacterial protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	50-53
1903193-6	1991	The stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for rhoA p21, named GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS), stimulated the dissociation of GDP from bovine rhoA p21, but was inactive for the bacterial protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	148-151
1903193-8	1991	These results suggest that the post-translational modifications of the C-terminal region of bovine rhoA p21, most presumably the geranylgeranylation, which are absent in bacterial rhoA p21, play important roles in its interaction with membranes and the stimulatory and inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins but not with the GAP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	280-283	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	104-107
1903193-4	1991	The inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein for rhoA p21, named GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), made a complex with the GDP-bound form of bovine rhoA p21 and thereby inhibited the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to it.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	49-52
1903193-4	1991	The inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein for rhoA p21, named GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), made a complex with the GDP-bound form of bovine rhoA p21 and thereby inhibited the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to it.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	148-151
1903193-4	1991	The inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein for rhoA p21, named GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), made a complex with the GDP-bound form of bovine rhoA p21 and thereby inhibited the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to it.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	49-52
1903193-4	1991	The inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein for rhoA p21, named GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), made a complex with the GDP-bound form of bovine rhoA p21 and thereby inhibited the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to it.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	148-151
1903193-4	1991	The inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein for rhoA p21, named GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), made a complex with the GDP-bound form of bovine rhoA p21 and thereby inhibited the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to it.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	49-52
1903193-4	1991	The inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein for rhoA p21, named GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), made a complex with the GDP-bound form of bovine rhoA p21 and thereby inhibited the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to it.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	148-151
1903193-5	1991	However, rho GDI neither made a complex with the GDP-bound form of bacterial rhoA p21 nor affected these reactions of the bacterial protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	82-85
1903193-6	1991	The stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for rhoA p21, named GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS), stimulated the dissociation of GDP from bovine rhoA p21, but was inactive for the bacterial protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	16-19	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	50-53
1903193-6	1991	The stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for rhoA p21, named GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS), stimulated the dissociation of GDP from bovine rhoA p21, but was inactive for the bacterial protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	16-19	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	148-151
1900290-6	1991	Under the same conditions, the dissociation of bound GTP was at least 25-fold slower showing that the rap2 protein has a much higher affinity for GTP than GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	155-158	RAP2A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	102-106
1900152-1	1991	We have recently purified from bovine brain cytosol to near homogeneity a GDP/GTP exchange protein for the rho proteins, named rho GDI, that inhibits the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to the rho proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	78-98
1900001-1	1991	We have previously purified a GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21A and -B, members of a ras p21/ras p21-like small GTP-binding protein superfamily.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	63-66
1899665-3	1991	Both the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of the intact smg p21B bound to various membranes and phosphatidylserine-linked Affi-Gel.	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G	Homo sapiens	48-51
1899665-8	1991	In contrast, a GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21, named GDP dissociation stimulator, stimulated the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the intact smg p21B but not that of the N-terminal fragment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	15-18	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G	Homo sapiens	44-47
1899665-8	1991	In contrast, a GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21, named GDP dissociation stimulator, stimulated the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the intact smg p21B but not that of the N-terminal fragment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	15-18	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
1899665-8	1991	In contrast, a GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21, named GDP dissociation stimulator, stimulated the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the intact smg p21B but not that of the N-terminal fragment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	15-18	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G	Homo sapiens	143-146
1899665-8	1991	In contrast, a GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21, named GDP dissociation stimulator, stimulated the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the intact smg p21B but not that of the N-terminal fragment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G	Homo sapiens	44-47
1899665-8	1991	In contrast, a GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21, named GDP dissociation stimulator, stimulated the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the intact smg p21B but not that of the N-terminal fragment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
1899665-8	1991	In contrast, a GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21, named GDP dissociation stimulator, stimulated the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the intact smg p21B but not that of the N-terminal fragment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G	Homo sapiens	143-146
1899665-8	1991	In contrast, a GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21, named GDP dissociation stimulator, stimulated the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the intact smg p21B but not that of the N-terminal fragment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G	Homo sapiens	44-47
1899665-8	1991	In contrast, a GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21, named GDP dissociation stimulator, stimulated the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the intact smg p21B but not that of the N-terminal fragment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	48-51
1899665-8	1991	In contrast, a GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21, named GDP dissociation stimulator, stimulated the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the intact smg p21B but not that of the N-terminal fragment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G	Homo sapiens	143-146
1899665-9	1991	These results indicate 1) that smg p21B is composed of at least two functionally different domains, the N-terminal GDP/GTP-binding and GTPase domain and the C-terminal membrane-binding domain, 2) that smg p21B binds to membranes through its C-terminal hydrophobic and basic domain, and 3) that this C-terminal domain is also essential for the smg p21 GDP dissociation stimulator action but not for the smg p21 GTPase-activating protein action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G	Homo sapiens	31-34
1899665-9	1991	These results indicate 1) that smg p21B is composed of at least two functionally different domains, the N-terminal GDP/GTP-binding and GTPase domain and the C-terminal membrane-binding domain, 2) that smg p21B binds to membranes through its C-terminal hydrophobic and basic domain, and 3) that this C-terminal domain is also essential for the smg p21 GDP dissociation stimulator action but not for the smg p21 GTPase-activating protein action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
1899665-9	1991	These results indicate 1) that smg p21B is composed of at least two functionally different domains, the N-terminal GDP/GTP-binding and GTPase domain and the C-terminal membrane-binding domain, 2) that smg p21B binds to membranes through its C-terminal hydrophobic and basic domain, and 3) that this C-terminal domain is also essential for the smg p21 GDP dissociation stimulator action but not for the smg p21 GTPase-activating protein action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	351-354	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G	Homo sapiens	31-34
1899665-9	1991	These results indicate 1) that smg p21B is composed of at least two functionally different domains, the N-terminal GDP/GTP-binding and GTPase domain and the C-terminal membrane-binding domain, 2) that smg p21B binds to membranes through its C-terminal hydrophobic and basic domain, and 3) that this C-terminal domain is also essential for the smg p21 GDP dissociation stimulator action but not for the smg p21 GTPase-activating protein action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	351-354	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G	Homo sapiens	201-204
1899665-9	1991	These results indicate 1) that smg p21B is composed of at least two functionally different domains, the N-terminal GDP/GTP-binding and GTPase domain and the C-terminal membrane-binding domain, 2) that smg p21B binds to membranes through its C-terminal hydrophobic and basic domain, and 3) that this C-terminal domain is also essential for the smg p21 GDP dissociation stimulator action but not for the smg p21 GTPase-activating protein action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	351-354	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G	Homo sapiens	201-204
1899665-9	1991	These results indicate 1) that smg p21B is composed of at least two functionally different domains, the N-terminal GDP/GTP-binding and GTPase domain and the C-terminal membrane-binding domain, 2) that smg p21B binds to membranes through its C-terminal hydrophobic and basic domain, and 3) that this C-terminal domain is also essential for the smg p21 GDP dissociation stimulator action but not for the smg p21 GTPase-activating protein action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	351-354	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
1899665-9	1991	These results indicate 1) that smg p21B is composed of at least two functionally different domains, the N-terminal GDP/GTP-binding and GTPase domain and the C-terminal membrane-binding domain, 2) that smg p21B binds to membranes through its C-terminal hydrophobic and basic domain, and 3) that this C-terminal domain is also essential for the smg p21 GDP dissociation stimulator action but not for the smg p21 GTPase-activating protein action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	351-354	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G	Homo sapiens	201-204
1899665-9	1991	These results indicate 1) that smg p21B is composed of at least two functionally different domains, the N-terminal GDP/GTP-binding and GTPase domain and the C-terminal membrane-binding domain, 2) that smg p21B binds to membranes through its C-terminal hydrophobic and basic domain, and 3) that this C-terminal domain is also essential for the smg p21 GDP dissociation stimulator action but not for the smg p21 GTPase-activating protein action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	351-354	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	205-208
1900001-1	1991	We have previously purified a GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21A and -B, members of a ras p21/ras p21-like small GTP-binding protein superfamily.	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	93-96
1900001-2	1991	This regulatory protein, named smg p21 GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS), stimulates the dissociation of both GDP and GTP from and the subsequent binding of both GDP and GTP to smg p21s.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
1900001-2	1991	This regulatory protein, named smg p21 GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS), stimulates the dissociation of both GDP and GTP from and the subsequent binding of both GDP and GTP to smg p21s.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
1900001-2	1991	This regulatory protein, named smg p21 GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS), stimulates the dissociation of both GDP and GTP from and the subsequent binding of both GDP and GTP to smg p21s.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
1900001-3	1991	We show here that smg p21 GDS forms a complex with both the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of smg p21B at a molar ratio of about 1:1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	22-25
1900001-6	1991	These results indicate that smg p21 GDS stoichiometrically interacts with smg p21B and thereby regulates its GDP/GTP exchange reaction and its translocation between membranes and cytoplasm.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
1899198-0	1991	Purification and characterization from rat liver cytosol of a GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for liver 24K G, a ras p21-like GTP-binding protein, with properties similar to those of smg p25A GDI.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	RAB11a, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	105-110
1996719-4	1991	Brown fat thermogenic activity, assessed by GDP binding, was decreased relative to saline controls in both NPY-treated groups.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	neuropeptide Y	Rattus norvegicus	107-110
1996719-8	1991	Brown fat mitochondrial GDP binding indicated NPY effect even when no food was ingested.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	neuropeptide Y	Rattus norvegicus	46-49
1703633-1	1991	GTPase-activating protein (GAP) is a cytosolic protein that stimulates the rate of hydrolysis of GTP (GTP to GDP) bound to normal p21ras, but does not catalyze the hydrolysis of GTP bound to oncogenic, activated forms of the ras protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	130-136
1899568-1	1991	We have recently purified from bovine brain cytosol to near homogeneity a GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p25A, named smg p25A GDI, that inhibits the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to smg p25A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	78-98
1899198-0	1991	Purification and characterization from rat liver cytosol of a GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for liver 24K G, a ras p21-like GTP-binding protein, with properties similar to those of smg p25A GDI.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	118-121
1899198-0	1991	Purification and characterization from rat liver cytosol of a GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for liver 24K G, a ras p21-like GTP-binding protein, with properties similar to those of smg p25A GDI.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	RAS like proto-oncogene B	Rattus norvegicus	127-146
1899198-2	1991	This regulatory protein, designated here as GDP dissociation inhibitor for 24K G (24K G GDI), inhibited the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to 24K G.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	RAB11a, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	75-80
1899198-2	1991	This regulatory protein, designated here as GDP dissociation inhibitor for 24K G (24K G GDI), inhibited the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to 24K G.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	RAB11a, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	82-87
1899198-2	1991	This regulatory protein, designated here as GDP dissociation inhibitor for 24K G (24K G GDI), inhibited the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to 24K G.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	RAB11a, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	82-87
1899198-2	1991	This regulatory protein, designated here as GDP dissociation inhibitor for 24K G (24K G GDI), inhibited the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to 24K G.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	RAB11a, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	75-80
1899198-2	1991	This regulatory protein, designated here as GDP dissociation inhibitor for 24K G (24K G GDI), inhibited the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to 24K G.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	RAB11a, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	82-87
1899198-2	1991	This regulatory protein, designated here as GDP dissociation inhibitor for 24K G (24K G GDI), inhibited the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to 24K G.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	RAB11a, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	82-87
1899198-4	1991	24K G was, however, recognized by bovine brain smg p25A GDI which regulated the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of smg p25A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	RAB11a, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	207-210	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	106-109
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	207-210	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	207-210	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	207-210	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1652268-6	1991	When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	207-210	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	122-125
1937137-4	1991	Using a model system of ferrous iron and ferric cytochrome c, it was determined that substitution of GTP for GDP led to an enhanced reduction of ferric cytochrome c.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	48-60
2049873-12	1991	Guanosine diphosphate (GDP) enhanced the phosphorylation while guanosine triphosphate (GTP) decreased the radiolabeling of p36 indicating that GTP can compete with ATP for the nucleotide triphosphate binding site of p36 kinase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-21	annexin A2	Homo sapiens	216-219
1937137-4	1991	Using a model system of ferrous iron and ferric cytochrome c, it was determined that substitution of GTP for GDP led to an enhanced reduction of ferric cytochrome c.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	152-164
1844241-0	1991	Transforming and c-fos promoter/enhancer-stimulating activities of a GDP/GTP exchange protein for small GTP-binding proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	17-22
2229078-12	1990	The factor also binds GDP to form a binary (eIF-2.GDP) complex which is stable in the presence of Mg2+.	Guanosine Diphosphate	22-25	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	44-49
1899476-0	1991	Regulation of binding of rhoB p20 to membranes by its specific regulatory protein, GDP dissociation inhibitor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	ras homolog family member B	Homo sapiens	25-29
1899476-0	1991	Regulation of binding of rhoB p20 to membranes by its specific regulatory protein, GDP dissociation inhibitor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	tubulin polymerization promoting protein family member 3	Homo sapiens	30-33
1899476-4	1991	Both the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of rhoB p20 bound to the membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	ras homolog family member B	Homo sapiens	37-41
1899476-4	1991	Both the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of rhoB p20 bound to the membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	tubulin polymerization promoting protein family member 3	Homo sapiens	42-45
1899476-6	1991	rho GDI inhibited the binding of the GDP-bound form of rhoB p20, but not that of the GTP-bound form, to the membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	ras homolog family member B	Homo sapiens	55-59
1899476-6	1991	rho GDI inhibited the binding of the GDP-bound form of rhoB p20, but not that of the GTP-bound form, to the membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	tubulin polymerization promoting protein family member 3	Homo sapiens	60-63
1899476-7	1991	Moreover, rho GDI induced the dissociation of the GDP-bound form, but not that of the GTP-bound form, of rhoB p20 exogenously bound to the membranes from them.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	ras homolog family member B	Homo sapiens	105-109
1899476-7	1991	Moreover, rho GDI induced the dissociation of the GDP-bound form, but not that of the GTP-bound form, of rhoB p20 exogenously bound to the membranes from them.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	tubulin polymerization promoting protein family member 3	Homo sapiens	110-113
2174878-0	1990	Conversion of GDP into GTP by nucleoside diphosphate kinase on the GTP-binding proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	30-59
2174878-2	1990	There was a progressive release of 32Pi from [gamma-32P]ATP when GDP-bound G0 was incubated together with NDP kinase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	106-116
2174878-5	1990	A kinetic analysis displayed different properties for the substrate of NDP kinase between free GDP and G protein-bound GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	71-81
2174878-5	1990	A kinetic analysis displayed different properties for the substrate of NDP kinase between free GDP and G protein-bound GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	71-81
2174878-6	1990	NDP kinase-dependent phosphorylation of GDP on G0 was indeed demonstrated with adenosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate as the phosphate donor; there was a formation of guanosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate-bound G0 from the ATP analogue.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	0-10
2174878-8	1990	These results indicate that NDP kinase can transfer the gamma-phosphate of ATP directly to GDP bound to G proteins and that this phosphorylation results in the activation of the signal-coupling proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	28-38
2123802-4	1990	GDP reduced the light-induced inhibition, while GTP[S] and light inhibited ADP-ribosylation of rho A proteins in a synergistic manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	95-100
2229054-1	1990	We have studied the effect of GDP and its analog guanyl-5"-yl thiophosphate (GDP beta S) on the interaction between rhodopsin and transducin (Gt).	Guanosine Diphosphate	30-33	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	116-125
2229054-3	1990	Extra-MII can be completely abolished by GDP, with a half-suppression at 10 microM under the conditions (4 degrees C, pH 8, 7.5 nM photoactivated rhodopsin).	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	146-155
2229054-9	1990	We discuss a generalized induced fit mechanism, where MII induces opening of the Gt nucleotide site and release of GDP which in turn is obligatory to establish the MII-stabilizing rhodopsin-Gt three-loop interaction (Konig, B., Arendt, A., McDowell, J.H., Kahlert, M., Hargrave, P.A., and Hofmann, K.P.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	180-189
2229054-15	1990	The GDP beta S/GDP difference is discussed in terms of bound GDP disturbing the interaction with two and GDP beta S with only one of the rhodopsin binding sites.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	137-146
2229054-15	1990	The GDP beta S/GDP difference is discussed in terms of bound GDP disturbing the interaction with two and GDP beta S with only one of the rhodopsin binding sites.	Guanosine Diphosphate	15-18	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	137-146
2229078-12	1990	The factor also binds GDP to form a binary (eIF-2.GDP) complex which is stable in the presence of Mg2+.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	44-49
2229078-13	1990	GDP binding to sea urchin eIF-2 inhibits ternary (eIF-2-GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	26-31
2229078-13	1990	GDP binding to sea urchin eIF-2 inhibits ternary (eIF-2-GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	50-55
2229078-15	1990	The rabbit reticulocyte guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) catalyzes the exchange of GDP bound to sea urchin eIF-2 for GTP and stimulates ternary complex formation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	60-63
2229078-15	1990	The rabbit reticulocyte guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) catalyzes the exchange of GDP bound to sea urchin eIF-2 for GTP and stimulates ternary complex formation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	115-120
2076109-1	1990	The ability of eIF-2.GDP in which the alpha subunit of eIF-2 is phosphorylated (eIF-2(alpha P).GDP) to act as a competitive inhibitor of eIF-2B-catalysed exchange of eIF-2-bound GDP has been investigated by modelling data provided by Rowlands et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	15-20
2076109-1	1990	The ability of eIF-2.GDP in which the alpha subunit of eIF-2 is phosphorylated (eIF-2(alpha P).GDP) to act as a competitive inhibitor of eIF-2B-catalysed exchange of eIF-2-bound GDP has been investigated by modelling data provided by Rowlands et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	55-60
2076109-1	1990	The ability of eIF-2.GDP in which the alpha subunit of eIF-2 is phosphorylated (eIF-2(alpha P).GDP) to act as a competitive inhibitor of eIF-2B-catalysed exchange of eIF-2-bound GDP has been investigated by modelling data provided by Rowlands et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	55-60
2076109-1	1990	The ability of eIF-2.GDP in which the alpha subunit of eIF-2 is phosphorylated (eIF-2(alpha P).GDP) to act as a competitive inhibitor of eIF-2B-catalysed exchange of eIF-2-bound GDP has been investigated by modelling data provided by Rowlands et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	137-143
2076109-1	1990	The ability of eIF-2.GDP in which the alpha subunit of eIF-2 is phosphorylated (eIF-2(alpha P).GDP) to act as a competitive inhibitor of eIF-2B-catalysed exchange of eIF-2-bound GDP has been investigated by modelling data provided by Rowlands et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	55-60
2076109-1	1990	The ability of eIF-2.GDP in which the alpha subunit of eIF-2 is phosphorylated (eIF-2(alpha P).GDP) to act as a competitive inhibitor of eIF-2B-catalysed exchange of eIF-2-bound GDP has been investigated by modelling data provided by Rowlands et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	15-20
2076109-1	1990	The ability of eIF-2.GDP in which the alpha subunit of eIF-2 is phosphorylated (eIF-2(alpha P).GDP) to act as a competitive inhibitor of eIF-2B-catalysed exchange of eIF-2-bound GDP has been investigated by modelling data provided by Rowlands et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	55-60
2076109-1	1990	The ability of eIF-2.GDP in which the alpha subunit of eIF-2 is phosphorylated (eIF-2(alpha P).GDP) to act as a competitive inhibitor of eIF-2B-catalysed exchange of eIF-2-bound GDP has been investigated by modelling data provided by Rowlands et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	55-60
2076109-1	1990	The ability of eIF-2.GDP in which the alpha subunit of eIF-2 is phosphorylated (eIF-2(alpha P).GDP) to act as a competitive inhibitor of eIF-2B-catalysed exchange of eIF-2-bound GDP has been investigated by modelling data provided by Rowlands et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	137-143
2076109-1	1990	The ability of eIF-2.GDP in which the alpha subunit of eIF-2 is phosphorylated (eIF-2(alpha P).GDP) to act as a competitive inhibitor of eIF-2B-catalysed exchange of eIF-2-bound GDP has been investigated by modelling data provided by Rowlands et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	55-60
2076109-1	1990	The ability of eIF-2.GDP in which the alpha subunit of eIF-2 is phosphorylated (eIF-2(alpha P).GDP) to act as a competitive inhibitor of eIF-2B-catalysed exchange of eIF-2-bound GDP has been investigated by modelling data provided by Rowlands et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	15-20
2076109-1	1990	The ability of eIF-2.GDP in which the alpha subunit of eIF-2 is phosphorylated (eIF-2(alpha P).GDP) to act as a competitive inhibitor of eIF-2B-catalysed exchange of eIF-2-bound GDP has been investigated by modelling data provided by Rowlands et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	55-60
2076109-1	1990	The ability of eIF-2.GDP in which the alpha subunit of eIF-2 is phosphorylated (eIF-2(alpha P).GDP) to act as a competitive inhibitor of eIF-2B-catalysed exchange of eIF-2-bound GDP has been investigated by modelling data provided by Rowlands et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	55-60
2076109-1	1990	The ability of eIF-2.GDP in which the alpha subunit of eIF-2 is phosphorylated (eIF-2(alpha P).GDP) to act as a competitive inhibitor of eIF-2B-catalysed exchange of eIF-2-bound GDP has been investigated by modelling data provided by Rowlands et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	137-143
2076109-1	1990	The ability of eIF-2.GDP in which the alpha subunit of eIF-2 is phosphorylated (eIF-2(alpha P).GDP) to act as a competitive inhibitor of eIF-2B-catalysed exchange of eIF-2-bound GDP has been investigated by modelling data provided by Rowlands et al.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	55-60
2076109-7	1990	Classic double reciprocal plots for competitive inhibition were found only when [eIF-2B] was low in relation to [eIF-2 (alpha P).GDP].	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	81-87
2076109-7	1990	Classic double reciprocal plots for competitive inhibition were found only when [eIF-2B] was low in relation to [eIF-2 (alpha P).GDP].	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	81-86
2076109-8	1990	Relatively high cellular [eIF-2B] lessens the inhibitory effect of eIF-2(alpha P).GDP and suggests the possibility of other potential controls of initiation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	82-85	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	26-32
2076109-8	1990	Relatively high cellular [eIF-2B] lessens the inhibitory effect of eIF-2(alpha P).GDP and suggests the possibility of other potential controls of initiation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	82-85	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	26-31
2121131-2	1990	These proteins, with molecular masses in the range 18-29 kDa, specifically bind [alpha-32P]GTP, which can be displaced by unlabelled GTP, GDP and their non-hydrolysable analogues guanosine 5"-[delta-thio]triphosphate (GTP[S]) and guanosine 5"-[beta-thio]diphosphate (GDP[S]), but not by GMP, ATP, ADP, AMP and other unrelated nucleotides.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II	Homo sapiens	287-290
2125480-8	1990	This segment of IF-2 can form binary complexes with GDP and can be cross-linked to GTP, therefore indicating that it really corresponds to the G-domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	16-20
2121131-2	1990	These proteins, with molecular masses in the range 18-29 kDa, specifically bind [alpha-32P]GTP, which can be displaced by unlabelled GTP, GDP and their non-hydrolysable analogues guanosine 5"-[delta-thio]triphosphate (GTP[S]) and guanosine 5"-[beta-thio]diphosphate (GDP[S]), but not by GMP, ATP, ADP, AMP and other unrelated nucleotides.	Guanosine Diphosphate	267-270	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II	Homo sapiens	287-290
2172971-6	1990	Moreover, rGEF enhanced the dissociation of bound GDP from some of ras-like G proteins, R-ras, rap1-A, rab1-B, and rho proteins, raising the possibility that rGEF may affect the activities of these proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	RAB1B, member RAS oncogene family	Bos taurus	103-109
2146678-2	1990	Like other GTP-binding proteins, p21.GTP is an active conformation, which can transduce the signals downstream, whereas p21.GDP is an inactive one.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	33-36
2146678-2	1990	Like other GTP-binding proteins, p21.GTP is an active conformation, which can transduce the signals downstream, whereas p21.GDP is an inactive one.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	120-123
2209587-5	1990	By consequence, if indeed AlF4- behaves as a gamma-phosphate analogue in G-proteins, then EF-Tu must have a different GDP/GTP binding site, despite of the conserved consensus sequences.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	90-95
2146678-7	1990	We also found that the ratio of p21.GTP to p21.GDP increased 3- to 4-fold in transformants carrying activated erbB-2/neu or v-src oncogenes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	32-35
2146678-7	1990	We also found that the ratio of p21.GTP to p21.GDP increased 3- to 4-fold in transformants carrying activated erbB-2/neu or v-src oncogenes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	43-46
2146678-7	1990	We also found that the ratio of p21.GTP to p21.GDP increased 3- to 4-fold in transformants carrying activated erbB-2/neu or v-src oncogenes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	110-116
2146678-7	1990	We also found that the ratio of p21.GTP to p21.GDP increased 3- to 4-fold in transformants carrying activated erbB-2/neu or v-src oncogenes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	117-120
2172971-4	1990	rGEF increased the exchange rate of GDP in normal [Gly12]p21 or oncogenic [Val12]p21 up to 30- to 40-fold under physiological concentrations of Mg2+.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	57-60
2172971-4	1990	rGEF increased the exchange rate of GDP in normal [Gly12]p21 or oncogenic [Val12]p21 up to 30- to 40-fold under physiological concentrations of Mg2+.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	81-84
2172971-6	1990	Moreover, rGEF enhanced the dissociation of bound GDP from some of ras-like G proteins, R-ras, rap1-A, rab1-B, and rho proteins, raising the possibility that rGEF may affect the activities of these proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Bos taurus	95-101
2118909-0	1990	Purification and characterization from bovine brain cytosol of proteins that regulate the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of smg p21s, ras p21-like GTP-binding proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	123-126
2118909-3	1990	smg p21 GDS1 and -2 also stimulated the binding of [35S]GTP gamma S to the GDP-bound form of smg p21s but not that to the guanine nucleotide-free form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	4-7
2118909-9	1990	These results indicate that bovine brain contains regulatory proteins for smg p21s that stimulate the dissociation of GDP from and thereby the subsequent binding of GTP to smg p21s in addition to smg p21 GAP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	78-81
2118909-9	1990	These results indicate that bovine brain contains regulatory proteins for smg p21s that stimulate the dissociation of GDP from and thereby the subsequent binding of GTP to smg p21s in addition to smg p21 GAP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	176-179
2118909-10	1990	It is likely that the conversion from the GDP-bound inactive form of smg p21s to the GTP-bound active form is regulated by smg p21 GDS and that its reverse reaction is regulated by smg p21 GAP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	73-76
2118909-10	1990	It is likely that the conversion from the GDP-bound inactive form of smg p21s to the GTP-bound active form is regulated by smg p21 GDS and that its reverse reaction is regulated by smg p21 GAP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	127-130
2118909-10	1990	It is likely that the conversion from the GDP-bound inactive form of smg p21s to the GTP-bound active form is regulated by smg p21 GDS and that its reverse reaction is regulated by smg p21 GAP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	127-130
2164357-2	1990	EPR signals of Mn(II) in the GDP complex with viral-Harvey p21pRAS1 (Arg 12, Thr 59), p21EC (Gly 12, Thr 59), and p21EJ (Val 12, Thr 59) have narrow line-widths that permit ready observation of inhomogeneous broadening from unresolved superhyperfine coupling with the nuclear spin of 17O of directly coordinated oxygen ligands.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-67
1697545-3	1990	Light-induced conformational changes in rhodopsin facilitate the binding of a guanosine nucleotide-binding protein, transducin, which then undergoes a GTP-GDP exchange reaction and dissociation of the transducin complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	155-158	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	40-49
2121696-5	1990	TNF was also induced by the administration of MDP-GDP and LPS to Meth A sarcoma-bearing mice treated with this dose of CY.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	0-3
2119812-1	1990	Mutagenesis was carried out in the N-terminal domain of elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) to characterize the structure-function relationships of this model GTP binding protein with respect to stability, the interaction with GTP and GDP, and the catalytic activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	228-231	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	56-76
2115118-8	1990	smg p25A GDI shares low amino acid sequence homology with the Saccharomyces cerevisiae CDC25-encoded protein, which has been suggested to serve as a factor that regulates the GDP-GTP exchange reaction of the yeast RAS2-encoded protein, but not with the beta gamma subunits of GTP-binding proteins having an alpha beta gamma subunit structure, such as Gs and Gi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	175-178	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	87-92
2165495-4	1990	The NCI-H69 cell alpha 1----3-fucosyltransferase was obtained from a 0.2% Triton X-100-solubilized enzyme fraction after affinity purification on a GDP-hexanolamine-Sepharose column and gel filtration through a fast protein liquid chromatography Superose 12 column.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	fucosyltransferase 11	Homo sapiens	17-48
2275752-1	1990	In a previous study, we reported the GDP-dependent phosphorylation of a 36 kD membrane protein, p36, in D. discoideum membranes prepared from starved (aggregation competent) cells (Anschutz et al., 1989).	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic IIIA	Homo sapiens	96-99
2275752-3	1990	The rate of phosphorylation of p36, using either nucleotide triphosphate, is enhanced by GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic IIIA	Homo sapiens	31-34
2275752-6	1990	However, the ability of GDP to stimulate p36 phosphorylation is not observed in vegetative cell membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic IIIA	Homo sapiens	41-44
2115118-8	1990	smg p25A GDI shares low amino acid sequence homology with the Saccharomyces cerevisiae CDC25-encoded protein, which has been suggested to serve as a factor that regulates the GDP-GTP exchange reaction of the yeast RAS2-encoded protein, but not with the beta gamma subunits of GTP-binding proteins having an alpha beta gamma subunit structure, such as Gs and Gi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	175-178	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	214-218
2164156-2	1990	The T alpha subunit of transducin (composed of subunits T alpha, T beta and T gamma) is triggered by photoexcited rhodopsin (R*) to release GDP and bind GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	114-123
2384166-5	1990	We propose that at high NaF concentrations, 3 hydrogen-bonded fluorides in the gamma-phosphate site of T alpha GDP entrap a magnesium counterion and this induces the transconformation to the T alpha GTP form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	24-27
2117444-5	1990	In contrast, Ca2(+)-dependent exocytosis was only partially inhibited by high doses of GDP[S].	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	carbonic anhydrase 2	Bos taurus	13-16
2188363-4	1990	Partially purified preparations of the carboxy-terminal domain of the SCD25 gene product enhanced the exchange rate of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) to guanosine triphosphate (GTP) of pure RAS2 protein by stimulating the release of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-140	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	187-191
2367527-11	1990	Addition of GDP to CHO mitochondria containing UCP resulted in a recoupling of respiration and an increase in membrane potential.	Guanosine Diphosphate	12-15	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	47-50
2113382-2	1990	These regulatory proteins, named rho GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS) 1 and -2, stimulate the dissociation of GDP from rhoA p21 and rhoB p20.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	125-128
2113382-2	1990	These regulatory proteins, named rho GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS) 1 and -2, stimulate the dissociation of GDP from rhoA p21 and rhoB p20.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	125-128
2111819-5	1990	The dissociation of [3H] GDP from Sec4p occurred with a rate of 0.21 min-1 suggesting that the association of GTP gamma S was the result of exchange for prebound GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	162-165	Rab family GTPase SEC4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	34-39
2111820-0	1990	Purification and characterization from bovine brain cytosol of a novel regulatory protein inhibiting the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to rhoB p20, a ras p21-like GTP-binding protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	ras homolog family member B	Bos taurus	167-171
2111820-0	1990	Purification and characterization from bovine brain cytosol of a novel regulatory protein inhibiting the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to rhoB p20, a ras p21-like GTP-binding protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	heat shock protein family B (small) member 6	Rattus norvegicus	172-175
2111820-0	1990	Purification and characterization from bovine brain cytosol of a novel regulatory protein inhibiting the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to rhoB p20, a ras p21-like GTP-binding protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	183-186
2111820-0	1990	Purification and characterization from bovine brain cytosol of a novel regulatory protein inhibiting the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to rhoB p20, a ras p21-like GTP-binding protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	MX dynamin like GTPase 1	Bos taurus	192-211
2111820-2	1990	This regulatory protein, designated here as GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for the rho proteins (rho GDI), inhibited the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 and the binding of guanosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to the GDP-bound form of rhoB p20 but not of that to the guanine nucleotide-free form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	ras homolog family member B	Bos taurus	148-152
2111820-2	1990	This regulatory protein, designated here as GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for the rho proteins (rho GDI), inhibited the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 and the binding of guanosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to the GDP-bound form of rhoB p20 but not of that to the guanine nucleotide-free form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	heat shock protein family B (small) member 6	Rattus norvegicus	153-156
2111820-2	1990	This regulatory protein, designated here as GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for the rho proteins (rho GDI), inhibited the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 and the binding of guanosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to the GDP-bound form of rhoB p20 but not of that to the guanine nucleotide-free form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	ras homolog family member B	Bos taurus	251-255
2111820-2	1990	This regulatory protein, designated here as GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for the rho proteins (rho GDI), inhibited the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 and the binding of guanosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to the GDP-bound form of rhoB p20 but not of that to the guanine nucleotide-free form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	heat shock protein family B (small) member 6	Rattus norvegicus	256-259
2111820-2	1990	This regulatory protein, designated here as GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for the rho proteins (rho GDI), inhibited the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 and the binding of guanosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to the GDP-bound form of rhoB p20 but not of that to the guanine nucleotide-free form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-142	ras homolog family member B	Bos taurus	148-152
2111820-2	1990	This regulatory protein, designated here as GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for the rho proteins (rho GDI), inhibited the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 and the binding of guanosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to the GDP-bound form of rhoB p20 but not of that to the guanine nucleotide-free form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-142	heat shock protein family B (small) member 6	Rattus norvegicus	153-156
2111820-2	1990	This regulatory protein, designated here as GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for the rho proteins (rho GDI), inhibited the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 and the binding of guanosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to the GDP-bound form of rhoB p20 but not of that to the guanine nucleotide-free form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-142	ras homolog family member B	Bos taurus	251-255
2111820-2	1990	This regulatory protein, designated here as GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for the rho proteins (rho GDI), inhibited the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 and the binding of guanosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to the GDP-bound form of rhoB p20 but not of that to the guanine nucleotide-free form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-142	heat shock protein family B (small) member 6	Rattus norvegicus	256-259
2111820-2	1990	This regulatory protein, designated here as GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for the rho proteins (rho GDI), inhibited the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 and the binding of guanosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to the GDP-bound form of rhoB p20 but not of that to the guanine nucleotide-free form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-142	ras homolog family member B	Bos taurus	148-152
2111820-2	1990	This regulatory protein, designated here as GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for the rho proteins (rho GDI), inhibited the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 and the binding of guanosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to the GDP-bound form of rhoB p20 but not of that to the guanine nucleotide-free form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-142	heat shock protein family B (small) member 6	Rattus norvegicus	153-156
2111820-2	1990	This regulatory protein, designated here as GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for the rho proteins (rho GDI), inhibited the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 and the binding of guanosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to the GDP-bound form of rhoB p20 but not of that to the guanine nucleotide-free form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-142	ras homolog family member B	Bos taurus	251-255
2111820-2	1990	This regulatory protein, designated here as GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for the rho proteins (rho GDI), inhibited the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 and the binding of guanosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to the GDP-bound form of rhoB p20 but not of that to the guanine nucleotide-free form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	139-142	heat shock protein family B (small) member 6	Rattus norvegicus	256-259
2111820-4	1990	The isoelectric point was about pH 5.7. rho GDI made a complex with the GDP-bound form of rhoB p20 with a molar ratio of 1:1 but not with the GTP gamma S-bound or guanine nucleotide-free form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	ras homolog family member B	Rattus norvegicus	90-94
2111820-4	1990	The isoelectric point was about pH 5.7. rho GDI made a complex with the GDP-bound form of rhoB p20 with a molar ratio of 1:1 but not with the GTP gamma S-bound or guanine nucleotide-free form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	heat shock protein family B (small) member 6	Rattus norvegicus	95-98
2160589-3	1990	Recombinant wild-type Rap1A bound GTP gamma S, GTP, and GDP with affinities similar to those observed for neutrophil Rap1 protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	22-27
2160589-3	1990	Recombinant wild-type Rap1A bound GTP gamma S, GTP, and GDP with affinities similar to those observed for neutrophil Rap1 protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	22-26
2188363-4	1990	Partially purified preparations of the carboxy-terminal domain of the SCD25 gene product enhanced the exchange rate of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) to guanosine triphosphate (GTP) of pure RAS2 protein by stimulating the release of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	142-145	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	187-191
2188363-4	1990	Partially purified preparations of the carboxy-terminal domain of the SCD25 gene product enhanced the exchange rate of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) to guanosine triphosphate (GTP) of pure RAS2 protein by stimulating the release of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	230-233	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	187-191
2158984-6	1990	The GDP-bound form also inhibited the ras p21 GAP-stimulated GTPase activity of c-Ha-ras p21, but the efficiency was 40-50% that of the GTP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	42-45
2158984-6	1990	The GDP-bound form also inhibited the ras p21 GAP-stimulated GTPase activity of c-Ha-ras p21, but the efficiency was 40-50% that of the GTP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	transcription factor like 5	Homo sapiens	80-84
2158984-6	1990	The GDP-bound form also inhibited the ras p21 GAP-stimulated GTPase activity of c-Ha-ras p21, but the efficiency was 40-50% that of the GTP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	89-92
2110451-4	1990	The relative affinities of GTP and GDP for the binding site on rap1 were modulated by the presence of Mg2+, with a preferential affinity (approx.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	63-67
2161214-3	1990	Dinitrophenol and GDP have the same activating effects on KATP channels as NPPB or intracellular Cl- substitution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	18-21	natriuretic peptide B	Homo sapiens	75-79
2110451-6	1990	The dissociation of GDP from rap1 was not affected by the G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	20-23	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	29-33
2110451-9	1990	These data suggest that the activation of rap in vivo may be regulated by the release of endogenous GDP, but that phosphorylation by protein kinase A does not affect guanine nucleotide binding or hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	LDL receptor related protein associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	42-45
2181667-0	1990	A cytosolic protein catalyzes the release of GDP from p21ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	54-60
2322579-1	1990	Free- and EF-2-bound 80 S ribosomes, within the high-affinity complex with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog: guanylylmethylenediphosphonate (GuoPP(CH2)P), and the low-affinity complex with GDP, were treated with trypsin under conditions that modified neither their protein synthesis ability nor their sedimentation constant nor the bound EF-2 itself.	Guanosine Diphosphate	188-191	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	10-14
2322579-4	1990	As for the binding of (EF-2)-GDP to 80 S ribosomes, it induced an intermediate conformational change of ribosomes, unshielding only protein L13a and L27a.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	23-27
2110000-2	1990	The effects of GDP and of aurodox (N-methylkirromycin) on the affinity of elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) for aminoacyl-tRNA (aa-tRNA) have been quantified spectroscopically by using Phe-tRNA(Phe)-Fl8, a functionally active analogue of Phe-tRNA(Phe) with a fluorescein dye convalently attached to the s4U-8 base.	Guanosine Diphosphate	15-18	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	74-94
2108729-2	1990	Gip, a 41 kDa protein from washed microvilli, was ADP ribosylated by pertussis toxin in the presence of GDP in the dark.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	gastric inhibitory polypeptide	Homo sapiens	0-3
2108729-8	1990	Labeling of the 46 kDa protein, Gsp, was greatly enhanced by GTP analogues, but inhibited by a GDP analogue as with Gs in hormone-sensitive adenylate cyclase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	GSM1	Homo sapiens	32-35
2110000-2	1990	The effects of GDP and of aurodox (N-methylkirromycin) on the affinity of elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) for aminoacyl-tRNA (aa-tRNA) have been quantified spectroscopically by using Phe-tRNA(Phe)-Fl8, a functionally active analogue of Phe-tRNA(Phe) with a fluorescein dye convalently attached to the s4U-8 base.	Guanosine Diphosphate	15-18	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	96-101
2110000-3	1990	The association of EF-Tu.GDP with Phe-tRNA(Phe)-Fl8 resulted in an average increase of 33% in fluorescein emission intensity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	25-28	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	19-24
2110000-4	1990	This spectral change was used to monitor the extent of ternary complex formation as a function of EF-Tu.GDP concentration, and hence to obtain a dissociation constant, directly and at equilibrium, for the EF-Tu.GDP-containing ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	98-103
2110000-4	1990	This spectral change was used to monitor the extent of ternary complex formation as a function of EF-Tu.GDP concentration, and hence to obtain a dissociation constant, directly and at equilibrium, for the EF-Tu.GDP-containing ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	205-210
2110000-4	1990	This spectral change was used to monitor the extent of ternary complex formation as a function of EF-Tu.GDP concentration, and hence to obtain a dissociation constant, directly and at equilibrium, for the EF-Tu.GDP-containing ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	211-214	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	98-103
2110000-4	1990	This spectral change was used to monitor the extent of ternary complex formation as a function of EF-Tu.GDP concentration, and hence to obtain a dissociation constant, directly and at equilibrium, for the EF-Tu.GDP-containing ternary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	211-214	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	205-210
2110000-5	1990	The Kd for the Phe-tRNA(Phe)-Fl8.EF-Tu.GDP complex was found to average 28.5 microM, more than 33,000-fold greater than the Kd of the Phe-tRNA(Phe)-Fl8.EF-Tu.GTP complex under the same conditions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	33-38
2110000-5	1990	The Kd for the Phe-tRNA(Phe)-Fl8.EF-Tu.GDP complex was found to average 28.5 microM, more than 33,000-fold greater than the Kd of the Phe-tRNA(Phe)-Fl8.EF-Tu.GTP complex under the same conditions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	152-157
2110000-7	1990	Thus, the hydrolysis of the ternary complex GTP results in a dramatic decrease in the affinity of EF-Tu for aa-tRNA, thereby facilitating the release of EF-Tu.GDP from the aa-tRNA on the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	159-162	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	98-103
1689244-2	1990	In this paper we report the development of the immunologically detected uncoupling protein (UCP) in brown adipose tissue during the perinatal period in the rat and its relationship with its functional activity expressed in terms of GDP-binding capacity, GDP-sensitive permeabilities and GDP-sensitive respiration.	Guanosine Diphosphate	232-235	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	92-95
1689244-2	1990	In this paper we report the development of the immunologically detected uncoupling protein (UCP) in brown adipose tissue during the perinatal period in the rat and its relationship with its functional activity expressed in terms of GDP-binding capacity, GDP-sensitive permeabilities and GDP-sensitive respiration.	Guanosine Diphosphate	254-257	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	92-95
2110000-7	1990	Thus, the hydrolysis of the ternary complex GTP results in a dramatic decrease in the affinity of EF-Tu for aa-tRNA, thereby facilitating the release of EF-Tu.GDP from the aa-tRNA on the ribosome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	159-162	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	153-158
1689244-2	1990	In this paper we report the development of the immunologically detected uncoupling protein (UCP) in brown adipose tissue during the perinatal period in the rat and its relationship with its functional activity expressed in terms of GDP-binding capacity, GDP-sensitive permeabilities and GDP-sensitive respiration.	Guanosine Diphosphate	254-257	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	92-95
1689244-4	1990	This increase in UCP is accompanied by parallel increases in the GDP-binding capacity, GDP-sensitive permeabilities to protons and chloride ions and GDP-inhibitable respiration.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	17-20
1689244-4	1990	This increase in UCP is accompanied by parallel increases in the GDP-binding capacity, GDP-sensitive permeabilities to protons and chloride ions and GDP-inhibitable respiration.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	17-20
2110000-9	1990	The binding of aurodox to EF-Tu therefore both considerably strengthens EF-Tu.GDP affinity for aa-tRNA and also weakens EF-Tu.GTP affinity for aa-tRNA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	26-31
1689244-4	1990	This increase in UCP is accompanied by parallel increases in the GDP-binding capacity, GDP-sensitive permeabilities to protons and chloride ions and GDP-inhibitable respiration.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	17-20
1689244-5	1990	During the suckling--weaning transition, there was a regression of the parameters related to the functional activity of the UCP (GDP-binding capacity and nucleotide-sensitive permeabilities and respiration) without changes in the immunologically detected UCP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	124-127
2110000-9	1990	The binding of aurodox to EF-Tu therefore both considerably strengthens EF-Tu.GDP affinity for aa-tRNA and also weakens EF-Tu.GTP affinity for aa-tRNA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	72-77
2110000-9	1990	The binding of aurodox to EF-Tu therefore both considerably strengthens EF-Tu.GDP affinity for aa-tRNA and also weakens EF-Tu.GTP affinity for aa-tRNA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	72-77
2405906-7	1990	In solution, the p21-bound GDP.Mg2+ has an anti conformation, and the phenyl ring of Phe28 is close to the ribose of the bound GDP.Mg2+.	Guanosine Diphosphate	27-30	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
2105320-0	1990	Purification and characterization from bovine brain cytosol of a protein that inhibits the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to smg p25A, a ras p21-like GTP-binding protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Bos taurus	169-172
2104846-4	1990	By contrast, RAS2Ile152 shows a strong destabilization of the GDP complex (the dissociation rate constants of the RAS2Ile152.GDP complex is enhanced almost 50 times) and an increased GTPase activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	13-17
2104846-4	1990	By contrast, RAS2Ile152 shows a strong destabilization of the GDP complex (the dissociation rate constants of the RAS2Ile152.GDP complex is enhanced almost 50 times) and an increased GTPase activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	13-17
2104846-6	1990	Our kinetic results show that the functional modifications of RAS2 compensating for the CDC25 inactivation can not only be associated with the presence of a long-lived RAS2.GTP complex, but also with a rapid GDP to GTP exchange reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	208-211	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	62-66
2104846-6	1990	Our kinetic results show that the functional modifications of RAS2 compensating for the CDC25 inactivation can not only be associated with the presence of a long-lived RAS2.GTP complex, but also with a rapid GDP to GTP exchange reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	208-211	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	88-93
2104846-6	1990	Our kinetic results show that the functional modifications of RAS2 compensating for the CDC25 inactivation can not only be associated with the presence of a long-lived RAS2.GTP complex, but also with a rapid GDP to GTP exchange reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	208-211	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	168-172
2405906-7	1990	In solution, the p21-bound GDP.Mg2+ has an anti conformation, and the phenyl ring of Phe28 is close to the ribose of the bound GDP.Mg2+.	Guanosine Diphosphate	127-130	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
2405162-6	1990	In contrast to what is observed for 23 S rRNA, blocking the release of EF-Tu.GDP from the ribosome by kirromycin has no detectable effect on the protection of bases in 16 S rRNA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	71-76
2119549-1	1990	Despite little sequence homology other than the GDP/GTP binding region, bcl-2 and ras proteins behave in similar fashion in many physiological and biochemical aspects.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	72-77
2177662-0	1990	A hydrodynamic study with quasielastic light scattering and sedimentation of bacterial elongation factor EF-Tu.guanosine-5"-diphosphate complex under nonassociating conditions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-135	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	105-110
2119661-0	1990	Surfaces of interaction between Gt and rhodopsin in the GDP-bound and empty-pocket configurations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	39-48
2177662-1	1990	The hydrodynamics of the bacterial elongation factor EF-Tu have been studied in the presence of its ligand guanosine-5"-diphosphate (GDP) by sedimentation in the ultracentrifuge and quasielastic light scattering.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-131	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	53-58
2177662-1	1990	The hydrodynamics of the bacterial elongation factor EF-Tu have been studied in the presence of its ligand guanosine-5"-diphosphate (GDP) by sedimentation in the ultracentrifuge and quasielastic light scattering.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	53-58
2177662-6	1990	The hydrodynamic parameters derived from the experimental data suggest that EF-Tu.GDP in solution is close to a spherical particle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	82-85	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	76-81
2169289-3	1990	When light bleaches rhodopsin there is an induced exchange of GTP for GDP bound to the alpha subunit of the retinal G-protein, transducin (T).	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	20-29
2317212-1	1990	Published data have been analysed to determine the rate constants governing the exchange of GDP in the complex of the eukaryotic protein synthesis initiation factor eIF-2 with GDP, catalysed by eIF-2B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	165-170
2317212-1	1990	Published data have been analysed to determine the rate constants governing the exchange of GDP in the complex of the eukaryotic protein synthesis initiation factor eIF-2 with GDP, catalysed by eIF-2B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	194-200
2317212-1	1990	Published data have been analysed to determine the rate constants governing the exchange of GDP in the complex of the eukaryotic protein synthesis initiation factor eIF-2 with GDP, catalysed by eIF-2B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	165-170
2317212-1	1990	Published data have been analysed to determine the rate constants governing the exchange of GDP in the complex of the eukaryotic protein synthesis initiation factor eIF-2 with GDP, catalysed by eIF-2B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	194-200
2317212-2	1990	The interaction of eIF-2B with eIF-2.GDP appears to include a very high "on" rate constant of up to 4 x 10(8) M-1 sec-1 - a value very similar to that found by others for the interaction of the bacterial elongation factors Tu and Ts.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	19-25
2317212-2	1990	The interaction of eIF-2B with eIF-2.GDP appears to include a very high "on" rate constant of up to 4 x 10(8) M-1 sec-1 - a value very similar to that found by others for the interaction of the bacterial elongation factors Tu and Ts.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	19-24
2317212-2	1990	The interaction of eIF-2B with eIF-2.GDP appears to include a very high "on" rate constant of up to 4 x 10(8) M-1 sec-1 - a value very similar to that found by others for the interaction of the bacterial elongation factors Tu and Ts.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	secretory blood group 1, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	114-119
2317212-3	1990	Assuming a substituted enzyme mechanism that leads to displacement of GDP and ultimately to formation of a quaternary complex eIF-2B.eIF-2.GTP.methionyl-tRNA, minimum rate constants have been estimated for the additional reactions assuming in vivo rates of protein synthesis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	126-132
2317212-3	1990	Assuming a substituted enzyme mechanism that leads to displacement of GDP and ultimately to formation of a quaternary complex eIF-2B.eIF-2.GTP.methionyl-tRNA, minimum rate constants have been estimated for the additional reactions assuming in vivo rates of protein synthesis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	126-131
33971210-2	2021	It has been shown that the archaeal stalk aP1 binds to both GDP- and GTP-bound conformations of aEF1A through its C-terminal region in two different modes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	42-45
2403524-3	1990	When the partially purified factor and excess cold GTP were added to [3H]GDP.Gly12 p21 or Val12 in the presence of 2 mM MgCl2, the nucleotide exchange rate was stimulated up to 25-fold.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Bos taurus	83-86
2403524-5	1990	Taken together, these results suggest that the factor may control the rate limiting GDP/GTP exchange step in recycling of p21 in ras-mediated signal transduction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Bos taurus	122-125
33971210-9	2021	The results suggest that aEF1B plays a role in switching off the interaction between aP1 and aEF1A GDP, as well as in nucleotide exchange, and promote translation elongation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	99-102	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	85-88
26283020-0	2015	MERTK signaling in the retinal pigment epithelium regulates the tyrosine phosphorylation of GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha from the GDI/CHM family of RAB GTPase effectors.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	MER proto-oncogene, tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
33034275-1	2022	K-Ras is a small GTPase and acts as a molecular switch by recruiting GEFs and GAPs, and alternates between the inert GDP-bound and the dynamic GTP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	117-120	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	0-5
1719553-9	1991	The stimulation was sensitive to GDP[beta S] and was abolished by pretreatment with PT, suggesting that the stimulatory action of TRH is mediated by a G protein different from the one that functionally couples the receptor to phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-36	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	130-133
23905989-3	2013	Then, with the help of GTPase-activating proteins, the Rab converts GTP to GDP, terminating its function.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	RAB35, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	55-58
26283020-4	2015	At times corresponding to peak phagocytic activity, the RAB GTPase effector GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha (GDI1) was found to undergo tyrosine phosphorylation only in congenic rats.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	GDP dissociation inhibitor 1	Rattus norvegicus	110-114
9609111-3	1998	In the last decade, great progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms which regulate the insulin mediated conversion of Ras from its inactive, GDP-bound state, to the activated GTP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	164-167	insulin	Homo sapiens	110-117
19583748-5	2009	Dissociation of Rab27B from the apical plasma membrane is probably mediated through the Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) in the cytosol extracting GDP-bound Rab protein from membranes, as a dramatic increase in the amount of the Rab27B-GDI complex in the cytosol was observed 30 min after stimulation with IPR.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	RAB27B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	16-22
19583748-5	2009	Dissociation of Rab27B from the apical plasma membrane is probably mediated through the Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) in the cytosol extracting GDP-bound Rab protein from membranes, as a dramatic increase in the amount of the Rab27B-GDI complex in the cytosol was observed 30 min after stimulation with IPR.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	RAB27B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	233-239
34152250-2	2021	The A1-chimaerin (CHN1) gene encodes a ras-related protein that can be activated or inactivated by binding to GTP or GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	117-120	chimerin 1	Homo sapiens	18-22
34968495-3	2022	Activation-deactivation of Rho G proteins is mediated by three classes of regulatory proteins, namely the guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), which facilitate the conversion of inactive G proteins to their active conformations; the GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), which convert the active G proteins to their inactive forms); and the GDP-dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), which prevent the dissociation of GDP from G proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	415-418	ras homolog family member G	Homo sapiens	27-32
34152250-2	2021	The A1-chimaerin (CHN1) gene encodes a ras-related protein that can be activated or inactivated by binding to GTP or GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	117-120	ras related dexamethasone induced 1	Homo sapiens	39-58
34551282-5	2021	Insulin-induced KARATE assembly is controlled via phosphorylation of GTP-bound KRAS4B at S181 and GDP-bound RHOA at S188 by protein kinase A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	insulin	Homo sapiens	0-7
34742922-0	2021	Prochlorperazine enhances radiosensitivity of non-small cell lung carcinoma by stabilizing GDP-bound mutant KRAS conformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog	Mus musculus	108-112
34742922-6	2021	PCZ binds to the GTP-binding pocket of KRAS-mutant protein and inhibits its constitutive activation by stabilizing the GDP-bound conformation of K-Ras mutants by 9 kcal/mol compared to WT.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog	Mus musculus	39-43
34742922-6	2021	PCZ binds to the GTP-binding pocket of KRAS-mutant protein and inhibits its constitutive activation by stabilizing the GDP-bound conformation of K-Ras mutants by 9 kcal/mol compared to WT.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog	Mus musculus	145-150
34709522-0	2021	Assembly of the Non-Canonical Myo9a-RhoGAP and RhoA GDP Transition State Complex in the Presence of MgF3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	47-51
34796993-3	2022	The GDP to GTP exchange within EIF2 is facilitated by the guanine nucleotide exchange factor EIF2B (alpha-epsilon subunits).	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	31-35
34796993-3	2022	The GDP to GTP exchange within EIF2 is facilitated by the guanine nucleotide exchange factor EIF2B (alpha-epsilon subunits).	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit epsilon	Homo sapiens	93-98
34551282-5	2021	Insulin-induced KARATE assembly is controlled via phosphorylation of GTP-bound KRAS4B at S181 and GDP-bound RHOA at S188 by protein kinase A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	108-112
34787804-2	2021	Using the Household, Income, and Labor Dynamics in Australia survey (N = 1,847), we conducted an HLM analysis to examine the association among GDP per capita in the birth country, length of stay, and immigrants" health status post-migration.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	oxysterol binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	97-100
34787842-0	2022	1 H, 15 N and 13 C resonance assignments of the Q61H mutant of human KRAS bound to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	69-73
34787842-2	2022	KRAS proteins form complexes with GTP and GDP to result in active and inactive conformations favouring interactions with different proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	0-4
34767674-1	2021	BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Ras-like (Ral) small GTPases, RalA and RalB, are proto-oncogenes directly downstream of Ras and cycle between the active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	RAN pseudogene 1	Homo sapiens	21-29
34773589-5	2022	Sedimentary DDT and PCB concentrations were significantly delineated by an environmental Kuznets curve model as a function of non-agricultural GDP per capita in watersheds, while HCHs by an increasing linear model.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	pyruvate carboxylase	Homo sapiens	20-23
34767674-1	2021	BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Ras-like (Ral) small GTPases, RalA and RalB, are proto-oncogenes directly downstream of Ras and cycle between the active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	RAN pseudogene 1	Homo sapiens	31-34
34767674-1	2021	BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Ras-like (Ral) small GTPases, RalA and RalB, are proto-oncogenes directly downstream of Ras and cycle between the active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	51-55
34767674-1	2021	BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Ras-like (Ral) small GTPases, RalA and RalB, are proto-oncogenes directly downstream of Ras and cycle between the active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	RAS like proto-oncogene B	Homo sapiens	60-64
34851771-1	2021	ARHGEF9 encodes collybistin, a brain-specific guanosine diphosphate-guanosine-5"-triphosphate exchange factor that plays an important role in clustering of gephyrin and gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors in the postsynaptic membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-67	Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor 9	Homo sapiens	0-7
34851771-1	2021	ARHGEF9 encodes collybistin, a brain-specific guanosine diphosphate-guanosine-5"-triphosphate exchange factor that plays an important role in clustering of gephyrin and gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors in the postsynaptic membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-67	Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor 9	Homo sapiens	16-27
34851771-1	2021	ARHGEF9 encodes collybistin, a brain-specific guanosine diphosphate-guanosine-5"-triphosphate exchange factor that plays an important role in clustering of gephyrin and gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors in the postsynaptic membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-67	gephyrin	Homo sapiens	156-164
34323331-2	2021	RAB14 acts as molecular switches that shift between a GDP-bound inactive state and a GTP-bound active state and regulates circulation of vesicles between the Golgi and endosomal compartments.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	RAB14, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	0-5
34154909-10	2021	CONCLUSIONS: The use of the rule that we propose for the prescription of GLP-1 (2018 recommendations of the GDPS network combined with the TG/HDL-C ratio>=2.5 or BMI>=30kg/m2), instead of the current criterion adopted by the National Health System, would allow to broaden the spectrum of application of the drug in patients with poor control of their DM2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-112	glucagon like peptide 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	73-78
34685729-8	2021	At the cellular level, the mutants are defective in the interaction with partner proteins recognizing either the GDP-loaded or the GTP-loaded forms of Galphao.	Guanosine Diphosphate	113-116	G protein subunit alpha o1	Homo sapiens	151-158
34213070-0	2021	GDP induces PANC-1 human pancreatic cancer cell death preferentially under nutrient starvation by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR/autophagy signaling pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	114-117
34769272-2	2021	According to the classic G protein paradigm established in animal models, the bound guanine nucleotide on a Galpha subunit, either guanosine diphosphate (GDP) or guanosine triphosphate (GTP) determines the inactive or active mode, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-152	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	108-114
34769272-2	2021	According to the classic G protein paradigm established in animal models, the bound guanine nucleotide on a Galpha subunit, either guanosine diphosphate (GDP) or guanosine triphosphate (GTP) determines the inactive or active mode, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	154-157	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	108-114
34635670-5	2021	EF-G in the active GDP-Pi form stabilizes the rotated conformation of ribosomal subunits and induces twisting of the sarcin-ricin loop of the 23 S rRNA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	19-22	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
34213070-0	2021	GDP induces PANC-1 human pancreatic cancer cell death preferentially under nutrient starvation by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR/autophagy signaling pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	118-122
34419448-4	2021	identify a critical interdomain hydrogen bond within RagA and RagC that stabilizes their GDP-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	Ras related GTP binding A	Homo sapiens	53-57
34213070-6	2021	Mechanistically, GDP inhibited PI3K/Akt/mTOR/autophagy survival signaling pathway, leading to selective PANC-1 cancer cell death under the nutrition starvation condition.	Guanosine Diphosphate	17-20	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	36-39
34213070-6	2021	Mechanistically, GDP inhibited PI3K/Akt/mTOR/autophagy survival signaling pathway, leading to selective PANC-1 cancer cell death under the nutrition starvation condition.	Guanosine Diphosphate	17-20	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	40-44
34321603-8	2021	Further study showed that kindlin-2 could specifically bind to p-alpha-Pix(S13) and Rac1 to induce a switch from the inactive Rac1-GDP conformation to the active Rac1-GTP conformation and then stimulate the downstream MAPK pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	FERM domain containing kindlin 2	Homo sapiens	26-35
34572514-5	2021	The connection between the PPAR-gamma receptor and the Rho/ROCK pathway is the suppression of the conversion of inactive guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-Rho to active guanosine triphosphate GTP-Rho, resulting in the suppression of Rho/ROCK activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-142	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	27-37
34572514-5	2021	The connection between the PPAR-gamma receptor and the Rho/ROCK pathway is the suppression of the conversion of inactive guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-Rho to active guanosine triphosphate GTP-Rho, resulting in the suppression of Rho/ROCK activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	27-37
34419448-4	2021	identify a critical interdomain hydrogen bond within RagA and RagC that stabilizes their GDP-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	Ras related GTP binding C	Homo sapiens	62-66
34321603-8	2021	Further study showed that kindlin-2 could specifically bind to p-alpha-Pix(S13) and Rac1 to induce a switch from the inactive Rac1-GDP conformation to the active Rac1-GTP conformation and then stimulate the downstream MAPK pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	Rac/Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor 6	Homo sapiens	65-74
34321603-8	2021	Further study showed that kindlin-2 could specifically bind to p-alpha-Pix(S13) and Rac1 to induce a switch from the inactive Rac1-GDP conformation to the active Rac1-GTP conformation and then stimulate the downstream MAPK pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	84-88
34321603-8	2021	Further study showed that kindlin-2 could specifically bind to p-alpha-Pix(S13) and Rac1 to induce a switch from the inactive Rac1-GDP conformation to the active Rac1-GTP conformation and then stimulate the downstream MAPK pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	126-130
34432599-5	2022	Here, using a proximity-dependent biotinylation approach (miniTurbo), we identified C5orf51 as a specific interactor of GDP-locked RAB7A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	RAB7A interacting MON1-CCZ1 complex subunit 1	Homo sapiens	84-91
34432599-5	2022	Here, using a proximity-dependent biotinylation approach (miniTurbo), we identified C5orf51 as a specific interactor of GDP-locked RAB7A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	RAB7A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	131-136
34060833-5	2021	Further studies indicated that it may function as a WSB1 degrader, thus leading to the accumulation of the Rho guanosine diphosphate dissociation inhibitor 2 (RhoGDI2) protein, reversing the expression of downstream F-actin and formation of membrane ruffles, and disturbing the migration capacity of cancer cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-132	WD repeat and SOCS box containing 1	Homo sapiens	52-56
34247129-5	2021	Free energy landscape analyses not only show that the switch domains of the GDP-bound inactive K-Ras mainly exist as a closed state but also indicate that mutations evidently alter the free energy profile of K-Ras and affect the conformational transformation of the switch domains between the closed and open states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	95-100
34247129-5	2021	Free energy landscape analyses not only show that the switch domains of the GDP-bound inactive K-Ras mainly exist as a closed state but also indicate that mutations evidently alter the free energy profile of K-Ras and affect the conformational transformation of the switch domains between the closed and open states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	208-213
34247129-6	2021	Analyses of hydrophobic interaction contacts and hydrogen bonding interactions show that the mutations scarcely change the interaction network of GDP with K-Ras and only disturb the interaction of GDP with the switch (SW1).	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	155-160
34304710-3	2021	Leukaemia-associated RhoGEF (LARG) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that activates RhoA subfamily GTPases by promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12	Homo sapiens	0-27
34304710-3	2021	Leukaemia-associated RhoGEF (LARG) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that activates RhoA subfamily GTPases by promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12	Homo sapiens	29-33
34304710-3	2021	Leukaemia-associated RhoGEF (LARG) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that activates RhoA subfamily GTPases by promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	40-74
34304710-3	2021	Leukaemia-associated RhoGEF (LARG) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that activates RhoA subfamily GTPases by promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	76-79
34304710-3	2021	Leukaemia-associated RhoGEF (LARG) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that activates RhoA subfamily GTPases by promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	148-151	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	96-100
34208932-3	2021	A small GTPase Arl3, catalyzing the GTP   GDP reaction in complex with the activating protein RP2, constitute an essential part of the human vision cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 3	Homo sapiens	15-19
34208932-3	2021	A small GTPase Arl3, catalyzing the GTP   GDP reaction in complex with the activating protein RP2, constitute an essential part of the human vision cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	RP2 activator of ARL3 GTPase	Homo sapiens	94-97
34445383-5	2021	The G-protein is activated when Galpha releases GDP and binds to GTP, and the relationships with the GPCR and the downstream signal are also achieved by Galpha coupling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	32-38
34445383-5	2021	The G-protein is activated when Galpha releases GDP and binds to GTP, and the relationships with the GPCR and the downstream signal are also achieved by Galpha coupling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	153-159
34445383-7	2021	The existence of a self-activated Galpha in plants makes it unnecessary for the canonical GPCR to activate the G-protein by exchanging GDP with GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	34-40
34365932-7	2022	ARHGAP9 can inactivate Rho GTPases by hydrolyzing GTP into GDP and regulate cancer cellular events, including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, migration and invasion, by inhibiting JNK/ERK/p38 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	Rho GTPase activating protein 9	Homo sapiens	0-7
34137789-3	2021	By combining cellular and in vitro experiments, we demonstrate that WDR62 shows preference for curved segments of dynamic GDP-MTs, as well as GMPCPP- and paclitaxel-stabilized MTs, suggesting that it recognizes extended MT lattice.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	WD repeat domain 62	Homo sapiens	68-73
34239315-15	2021	Molecular docking showed that SA or ASA had affinity for the cytoplasmic GDP-binding region of P2X7R.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	purinergic receptor P2X, ligand-gated ion channel, 7	Mus musculus	95-100
34116056-4	2021	To promote mTORC1 activity, the RagA subunit is loaded with GTP and the RagC subunit is loaded with GDP, while the opposite nucleotide loading configuration inhibits this signaling pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1	Mus musculus	11-17
34116056-4	2021	To promote mTORC1 activity, the RagA subunit is loaded with GTP and the RagC subunit is loaded with GDP, while the opposite nucleotide loading configuration inhibits this signaling pathway.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	Ras related GTP binding C	Homo sapiens	72-76
34162842-6	2021	Mechanistically, CIB2 negatively regulates mTORC1 by preferentially binding to "nucleotide empty" or inactive GDP-loaded Rheb.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	calcium and integrin binding family member 2	Homo sapiens	17-21
34162842-6	2021	Mechanistically, CIB2 negatively regulates mTORC1 by preferentially binding to "nucleotide empty" or inactive GDP-loaded Rheb.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding	Homo sapiens	121-125
34060833-5	2021	Further studies indicated that it may function as a WSB1 degrader, thus leading to the accumulation of the Rho guanosine diphosphate dissociation inhibitor 2 (RhoGDI2) protein, reversing the expression of downstream F-actin and formation of membrane ruffles, and disturbing the migration capacity of cancer cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-132	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	159-166
35543550-1	2022	Guanylate binding protein 2 (GBP2) could bind to guanine nucleotides (GMP, GDP, and GTP) and exhibits antiviral activity against influenza virus through the innate immune response.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	guanylate binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	29-33
34066101-5	2021	Results suggested that GDP pretreatment can significantly improve cell viability, reduce reactive oxygen species and malonaldehyde levels, improve antioxidant enzyme activity and mitochondria membrane potential, and alleviate oxidative damage in HFL1 cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	complement factor H related 1	Homo sapiens	246-250
34074494-2	2021	RAL GTPases function as molecular switches in cells by cycling through GDP- and GTP-bound states, a process which is regulated by several guanine exchange factors (GEFs) and two heterodimeric GTPase activating proteins (GAPs).	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-3
34453713-5	2021	We found that the switching between GTP- and GDP-binding states, which is governed by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), GTPase activating proteins (GAPs), GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) and GDI displacement factor (GDF), is a major determinant for Rab1"s ability to effectively cycle between cellular compartments and eventually for its subcellular distribution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	260-264
35614853-11	2022	Using immunoprecipitation assays, we show that SmgGDS-558 binds the GTP-bound, GDP-bound, and nucleotide-free forms of farnesylated and fully processed KRas in cells, consistent with SmgGDS-558 not engaging the G-domain of KRas.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	152-156
35314814-1	2022	Current small-molecule inhibitors of KRAS(G12C) bind irreversibly in the switch-II pocket (SII-P), exploiting the strong nucleophilicity of the acquired cysteine as well as the preponderance of the GDP-bound form of this mutant.	Guanosine Diphosphate	198-201	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	37-41
35314814-4	2022	We show that the SII-Ps of many KRAS hotspot (G12, G13, Q61) mutants are accessible using noncovalent ligands, and that this accessibility is not necessarily coupled to the GDP state of KRAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	173-176	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	32-36
35314814-4	2022	We show that the SII-Ps of many KRAS hotspot (G12, G13, Q61) mutants are accessible using noncovalent ligands, and that this accessibility is not necessarily coupled to the GDP state of KRAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	173-176	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	186-190
35595279-7	2022	RESULTS: In vitro analyses revealed that the p.F28S variant was spontaneously activated by substantially increased intrinsic GTP/GDP-exchange activity and bound to downstream effectors tested, such as PAK1 and MLK2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 1	Homo sapiens	201-205
35604373-4	2022	Phosphorylated eIF2 inhibits eIF2B (the protein that promotes exchange of eIF2-bound GDP for GTP) and thus impairs general protein synthesis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	15-19
35604373-4	2022	Phosphorylated eIF2 inhibits eIF2B (the protein that promotes exchange of eIF2-bound GDP for GTP) and thus impairs general protein synthesis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	29-34
35604373-4	2022	Phosphorylated eIF2 inhibits eIF2B (the protein that promotes exchange of eIF2-bound GDP for GTP) and thus impairs general protein synthesis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	74-78
35536216-7	2022	Three SW1 conformations and nine SW2 conformations were identified, each associated with different nucleotide states (GTP-bound, nucleotide-free, and GDP-bound) and specific bound proteins or inhibitor sites.	Guanosine Diphosphate	150-153	WD repeat domain 82 pseudogene 1	Homo sapiens	33-36
35609420-6	2022	A filter binding assay demonstrated that RA-VII markedly enhances the binding affinity of eEF2 for GTP, but not for GDP, and prevents exchange of GTP in the eEF2-GTP complex, even after addition of a large excess of GTP/GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	220-223	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Homo sapiens	90-94
35609420-6	2022	A filter binding assay demonstrated that RA-VII markedly enhances the binding affinity of eEF2 for GTP, but not for GDP, and prevents exchange of GTP in the eEF2-GTP complex, even after addition of a large excess of GTP/GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	220-223	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Homo sapiens	157-161
35565390-6	2022	More precisely, TRPM8 inhibits cell migration and adhesion by trapping Rap1A in its GDP-bound inactive form, thus preventing its activation at the plasma membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 8	Homo sapiens	16-21
35573474-1	2022	The identification of molecules that can bind covalently to KRAS G12C and lock it in an inactive GDP-bound conformation has opened the door to targeting KRAS G12C selectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	153-157
35565390-6	2022	More precisely, TRPM8 inhibits cell migration and adhesion by trapping Rap1A in its GDP-bound inactive form, thus preventing its activation at the plasma membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	84-87	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	71-76
35468783-12	2022	If we refer to the threshold three times the GDP per capita (USD 11,538), R-CHOP could thus be determined as a cost-effective therapy.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	DNA damage inducible transcript 3	Homo sapiens	76-80
35170181-5	2022	Rhonin inhibits the binding of the RHOGDI1 chaperone to GDP-bound RHO GTPases and alters the subcellular localization of RHO GTPases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	35-42
35592435-4	2022	PMBA was further found to target KRAS at its guanosine diphosphate site.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-66	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	33-37
35457131-3	2022	In this study, we focused on AK3, the isozyme localized in the mitochondrial matrix that reversibly mediates the following reaction: Mg2+ GTP + AMP   Mg2+ GDP + ADP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	155-158	adenylate kinase 3	Homo sapiens	29-32
35561303-2	2022	The discoveries that (1) malignant RAS oncogenes differ from their wild-type counterparts by only a single amino acid change and (2) covalent inhibition of the cysteine residue at codon 12 of KRASG12C in its inactive GDP-bound state resulted in effective inhibition of oncogenic RAS signaling and have catalyzed a dramatic shift in mindset toward KRAS-driven cancers.	Guanosine Diphosphate	217-220	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	347-351
35417014-6	2022	Moreover, SA-induced, Ran-GTP-/-GDP-dependent functions of NPR1 included genome-wide global transcriptional reprogramming of genes involved in cell death, aging, and chloroplast organization.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	regulatory protein (NPR1)	Arabidopsis thaliana	59-63
35417014-9	2022	We conclude that Ran-GTP/-GDP-dependent nuclear accumulation of NPR1 and TGA2 represents another regulatory node for SA-induced leaf senescence.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	regulatory protein (NPR1)	Arabidopsis thaliana	64-68
35417014-9	2022	We conclude that Ran-GTP/-GDP-dependent nuclear accumulation of NPR1 and TGA2 represents another regulatory node for SA-induced leaf senescence.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	bZIP transcription factor family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	73-77
35417014-0	2022	Ran-GTP/-GDP-dependent nuclear accumulation of NONEXPRESSOR OF PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENES1 and TGACG-BINDING FACTOR2 controls salicylic acid-induced leaf senescence.	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	regulatory protein (NPR1)	Arabidopsis thaliana	47-90
35137917-1	2022	Guanosine nucleotide diphosphate (GDP) dissociation inhibitor 2 (GDI2) regulates the GDP/guanosine triphosphate (GTP) exchange reaction of Rab proteins by inhibiting the dissociation of GDP and the subsequent binding of GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	guanosine diphosphate (GDP) dissociation inhibitor 2	Mus musculus	65-69
35137917-1	2022	Guanosine nucleotide diphosphate (GDP) dissociation inhibitor 2 (GDI2) regulates the GDP/guanosine triphosphate (GTP) exchange reaction of Rab proteins by inhibiting the dissociation of GDP and the subsequent binding of GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	186-189	guanosine diphosphate (GDP) dissociation inhibitor 2	Mus musculus	65-69
35137917-1	2022	Guanosine nucleotide diphosphate (GDP) dissociation inhibitor 2 (GDI2) regulates the GDP/guanosine triphosphate (GTP) exchange reaction of Rab proteins by inhibiting the dissociation of GDP and the subsequent binding of GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	139-142
35137917-1	2022	Guanosine nucleotide diphosphate (GDP) dissociation inhibitor 2 (GDI2) regulates the GDP/guanosine triphosphate (GTP) exchange reaction of Rab proteins by inhibiting the dissociation of GDP and the subsequent binding of GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	186-189	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	139-142
35315040-6	2022	Bioinformatics analysis predicted that the leucine at position 253 was highly conserved among various species, and the c.758T>A variant may impact the formation of hydrogen bonds between Leu253 and Asp249 and Met257 residues, which in turn may affect the combination of GTP/GDP and function of the TUBB2B protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	274-277	tubulin beta 2B class IIb	Homo sapiens	298-304
35197882-5	2021	In addition, CSE scores were positively related to GDP per capita and negatively related to the unemployment rate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	choreoathetosis/spasticity, episodic (paroxysmal choreoathetosis/spasticity)	Homo sapiens	13-16
35215978-4	2022	Vav proteins have guanine exchange activity in converting GDP to GTP on proteins such as Rac1, Cdc42 and RhoA to stimulate intracellular signaling pathways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
35215978-4	2022	Vav proteins have guanine exchange activity in converting GDP to GTP on proteins such as Rac1, Cdc42 and RhoA to stimulate intracellular signaling pathways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	89-93
35215978-4	2022	Vav proteins have guanine exchange activity in converting GDP to GTP on proteins such as Rac1, Cdc42 and RhoA to stimulate intracellular signaling pathways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	95-100
35215978-4	2022	Vav proteins have guanine exchange activity in converting GDP to GTP on proteins such as Rac1, Cdc42 and RhoA to stimulate intracellular signaling pathways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	105-109
35267628-1	2022	KRAS is the most frequently mutated oncogene in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC), with a frequency of around 30%, and encoding a GTPAse that cycles between active form (GTP-bound) to inactive form (GDP-bound).	Guanosine Diphosphate	201-204	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	0-4
35267628-7	2022	The mutated cysteine resides next to a pocket (P2) of the switch II region, and P2 is present only in the inactive GDP-bound KRAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	125-129
35237130-1	2021	Vav proteins belong to the class of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that catalyze the exchange of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) by guanosine triphosphate (GTP) on their target proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-130	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
35237130-1	2021	Vav proteins belong to the class of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that catalyze the exchange of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) by guanosine triphosphate (GTP) on their target proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	132-135	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
35075146-3	2022	Our ITC results show that these inhibitors have similar binding affinity with both GDP-bound and GTP-bound KRAS(G12D), and our crystallographic studies reveal the structural basis of inhibitor binding-induced switch-II pocket in KRAS(G12D), experimentally confirming the formation of a salt bridge between the piperazine moiety of the inhibitors and the Asp12 residue of the mutant protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	107-111
35077646-8	2022	GTPase Ran was detected with both GDP and Mg2+ bound.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	RAS-like, family 2, locus 9	Rattus norvegicus	0-10
34908215-7	2022	This leads to decreased interactions between Exo70p and Sec3p, with Cdc42p, Rho1p and Rho3p, due to disruption of the GTP/GDP ratio of at least Rho1p and Rho3p GTPases, thereby preventing activation of the exocyst.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	GTP-Rho binding exocyst subunit EXO70	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	45-51
34908215-7	2022	This leads to decreased interactions between Exo70p and Sec3p, with Cdc42p, Rho1p and Rho3p, due to disruption of the GTP/GDP ratio of at least Rho1p and Rho3p GTPases, thereby preventing activation of the exocyst.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	GTP-Rho binding exocyst subunit SEC3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	56-61
34908215-7	2022	This leads to decreased interactions between Exo70p and Sec3p, with Cdc42p, Rho1p and Rho3p, due to disruption of the GTP/GDP ratio of at least Rho1p and Rho3p GTPases, thereby preventing activation of the exocyst.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	68-74
34908215-7	2022	This leads to decreased interactions between Exo70p and Sec3p, with Cdc42p, Rho1p and Rho3p, due to disruption of the GTP/GDP ratio of at least Rho1p and Rho3p GTPases, thereby preventing activation of the exocyst.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	76-81
34908215-7	2022	This leads to decreased interactions between Exo70p and Sec3p, with Cdc42p, Rho1p and Rho3p, due to disruption of the GTP/GDP ratio of at least Rho1p and Rho3p GTPases, thereby preventing activation of the exocyst.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	Rho family GTPase RHO3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	86-91
34908215-7	2022	This leads to decreased interactions between Exo70p and Sec3p, with Cdc42p, Rho1p and Rho3p, due to disruption of the GTP/GDP ratio of at least Rho1p and Rho3p GTPases, thereby preventing activation of the exocyst.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	144-149
35075146-3	2022	Our ITC results show that these inhibitors have similar binding affinity with both GDP-bound and GTP-bound KRAS(G12D), and our crystallographic studies reveal the structural basis of inhibitor binding-induced switch-II pocket in KRAS(G12D), experimentally confirming the formation of a salt bridge between the piperazine moiety of the inhibitors and the Asp12 residue of the mutant protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	229-233
35171475-2	2022	eIF2 is a G protein, and the activity is regulated by its GDP or GTP-binding status, such that only GTP-bound eIF2 has high affinity for initiator methionyl tRNA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	0-4
35061538-3	2022	The "orphan" GPCR US27 lacks a ligand-binding pocket and has captured a guanosine diphosphate-bound inactive Gi through a tenuous interaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-93	vomeronasal 1 receptor 17 pseudogene	Homo sapiens	13-17
35061538-3	2022	The "orphan" GPCR US27 lacks a ligand-binding pocket and has captured a guanosine diphosphate-bound inactive Gi through a tenuous interaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-93	envelope glycoprotein US27	Human betaherpesvirus 5	18-22
35583642-8	2022	The typical RHO family members include the classical RHOA, RAC1 and CDC42 proteins, which cycle between an active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound conformation, under the coordinated action of three types of regulators: GEFs, GAPs and GDIs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	137-140	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	53-57
35583642-8	2022	The typical RHO family members include the classical RHOA, RAC1 and CDC42 proteins, which cycle between an active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound conformation, under the coordinated action of three types of regulators: GEFs, GAPs and GDIs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	137-140	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	59-63
35583642-8	2022	The typical RHO family members include the classical RHOA, RAC1 and CDC42 proteins, which cycle between an active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound conformation, under the coordinated action of three types of regulators: GEFs, GAPs and GDIs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	137-140	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	68-73
35171475-2	2022	eIF2 is a G protein, and the activity is regulated by its GDP or GTP-binding status, such that only GTP-bound eIF2 has high affinity for initiator methionyl tRNA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	110-114
35171475-5	2022	Here we describe methods to purify eIF2 and assays of its activity, employing analogs of GDP, GTP, and methionyl initiator tRNA ligands to accurately measure their binding affinities.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	35-39
35171481-4	2022	The eIF2 heterotrimeric substrate, with phosphorylated or unphosphorylated eIF2alpha, is prepared by immunoprecipitation, following subsequent loading of a fluorescent BODIPY-FL dye-attached GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	191-194	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	4-8
35171481-5	2022	The exchange of the bound fluorescent GDP molecule for an unlabeled one on eIF2 promoted by eIF2B is monitored kinetically using a fluorescence microplate reader.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	75-79
35171481-5	2022	The exchange of the bound fluorescent GDP molecule for an unlabeled one on eIF2 promoted by eIF2B is monitored kinetically using a fluorescence microplate reader.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	92-97
2557345-9	1989	Although this protein has unaltered rates of GDP dissociation and GTP hydrolysis, its ability to activate adenylyl cyclase in the presence of GTP is enhanced by 3-fold when compared with the wild-type protein but only when these assays are performed after reconstitution of Gs alpha into cyc- (Gs alpha-deficient) S49 cell membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	peptidylprolyl isomerase A, pseudogene 1	Mus musculus	115-118
35128413-7	2022	Further validation reveals that NAB2 binds to Rab1a with selectivity for its GDP-bound form and that NAB2 treatment phenocopies Rab1a overexpression in alleviation of alpha-synuclein toxicity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	NGFI-A binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	32-36
35128413-7	2022	Further validation reveals that NAB2 binds to Rab1a with selectivity for its GDP-bound form and that NAB2 treatment phenocopies Rab1a overexpression in alleviation of alpha-synuclein toxicity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	46-51
35392250-6	2022	UCP1 activity, and consequently DeltaPsi, were perturbed both by GDP, a well-recognized potent inhibitor of UCP1 and by the chemical uncoupler carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (FCCP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
35392250-6	2022	UCP1 activity, and consequently DeltaPsi, were perturbed both by GDP, a well-recognized potent inhibitor of UCP1 and by the chemical uncoupler carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (FCCP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	108-112
35392250-10	2022	We also found that ADP-altered complex II respiration in complex fashion probably involving decreased DeltaPsi due to ATP synthesis, a GDP-like nucleotide inhibition of UCP1, and allosteric enzyme action.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	169-173
2604728-1	1989	The absorption of light by rhodopsin leads to the formation of an activated intermediate (R*) capable of catalysing the exchange of GTP for GDP in a retinal guanine-nucleotide-binding regulatory protein (transducin).	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	27-36
2692710-2	1989	We have previously assigned all five glycine resonances located in loops directly involved in binding of guanosine diphosphate in the wild-type p21 protein [Campbell-Burk, S., Papastavros, M. Z., McCormick, F., & Redfield, A. G. (1989) Proc.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-126	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	144-147
2692710-7	1989	In this report, the corresponding glycine resonances in the p21 mutant have been assigned, and spectral differences between normal and mutant p21-guanosine diphosphate (p21.GDP) complexes have been investigated.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-167	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	142-145
2692710-7	1989	In this report, the corresponding glycine resonances in the p21 mutant have been assigned, and spectral differences between normal and mutant p21-guanosine diphosphate (p21.GDP) complexes have been investigated.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-167	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	169-176
2692710-10	1989	Two of the five active-site glycines in wild-type p21.GDP have very slow amide proton exchange rates with water (kappa less than 2.8 x 10(-5) s-1).	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	50-53
2684669-9	1989	Our results show that EF-TuG20.GDP shares common features with the GTP-like conformation induced by kirromycin on wild-type EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	22-27
2512288-5	1989	The preparation of nucleotide-free Arf1 has allowed a more accurate determination of the binding constants for guanine nucleotides and revealed a significantly higher affinity for GDP than was previously determined.	Guanosine Diphosphate	180-183	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Bos taurus	35-39
2512294-8	1989	CT-induced and fMLP-supported ADP-ribosylation of Gi-alpha was favored by Mg2+ and allow concentrations of GTP or its analogues but suppressed by GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	15-19
2508560-0	1989	Site-directed mutagenesis of the GDP binding domain of bacterial elongation factor Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-36	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	65-85
2508560-8	1989	This mutation is theoretically equivalent to reversion of the Gly to Val transforming mutation of the cellular form of the ras gene product p21, a protein proposed to be structurally similar to EF-Tu in the GDP binding domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	207-210	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	140-143
2508560-8	1989	This mutation is theoretically equivalent to reversion of the Gly to Val transforming mutation of the cellular form of the ras gene product p21, a protein proposed to be structurally similar to EF-Tu in the GDP binding domain.	Guanosine Diphosphate	207-210	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	194-199
2482361-8	1989	Intracellular administration of hydrolysis-resistant guanosine triphosphate (to persistently activate GTP-binding protein) and guanosine diphosphate (to competitively inhibit GTP-binding proteins) analogues mimicked and inhibited substance P-induced reduction of K+ conductance, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	127-148	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	230-241
2684669-2	1989	Substitution of V20 by G in the consensus element G18HVDHGK24 of EF-Tu (referred to as EF-TuG20) strongly influences the interaction with GDP as well as the GTPase activity [Jacquet, E. & Parmeggiani, A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	65-70
2684669-2	1989	Substitution of V20 by G in the consensus element G18HVDHGK24 of EF-Tu (referred to as EF-TuG20) strongly influences the interaction with GDP as well as the GTPase activity [Jacquet, E. & Parmeggiani, A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	87-95
2684669-8	1989	Remarkably, EF-TuG20.GDP can support the enzymatic binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to ribosome.mRNA at low MgCl2 concentration, an effect that with wild-type EF-Tu can only occur in the presence of kirromycin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	12-20
2684669-8	1989	Remarkably, EF-TuG20.GDP can support the enzymatic binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to ribosome.mRNA at low MgCl2 concentration, an effect that with wild-type EF-Tu can only occur in the presence of kirromycin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	12-17
2684669-9	1989	Our results show that EF-TuG20.GDP shares common features with the GTP-like conformation induced by kirromycin on wild-type EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	22-30
2507536-11	1989	[35S]GTP gamma S-binding to c25KG was specifically inhibited by guanine nucleotides, GTP and GDP, but not by adenine nucleotides such as ATP and adenyl-5"-yl beta, gamma-imidodiphosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	RAB27B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	28-33
2509200-2	1989	In the first step of the visual transduction cascade a photoexcited rhodopsin molecule, R*ret, binds to a GDP-carrying transducin molecule, TGDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	68-77
2504724-6	1989	The guanosine 5"-3-O-(thio) triphosphate (GTP gamma S)-bound and GDP-bound forms of smg p21 are phosphorylated with the same reaction velocity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	88-91
2506864-0	1989	Rabbit intestine contains a protein that inhibits the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to rhoB p20, a ras p21-like GTP-binding protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoB	Oryctolagus cuniculus	116-120
2506864-0	1989	Rabbit intestine contains a protein that inhibits the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to rhoB p20, a ras p21-like GTP-binding protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	mitochondrial ribosome-associated GTPase 1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	141-160
2506864-2	1989	This protein, designated as rhoB p20 GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), inhibited the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoB	Oryctolagus cuniculus	28-32
2506864-2	1989	This protein, designated as rhoB p20 GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), inhibited the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoB	Oryctolagus cuniculus	110-114
2506864-2	1989	This protein, designated as rhoB p20 GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), inhibited the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoB	Oryctolagus cuniculus	28-32
2506864-2	1989	This protein, designated as rhoB p20 GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), inhibited the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoB	Oryctolagus cuniculus	110-114
2506853-2	1989	The initial velocities of the binding of guanosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to GDP-bound rhoB p20 and the dissociation of GDP from this protein were markedly increased by decreasing Mg2+ concentrations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	94-97	ras homolog family member B	Bos taurus	104-108
2506853-2	1989	The initial velocities of the binding of guanosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to GDP-bound rhoB p20 and the dissociation of GDP from this protein were markedly increased by decreasing Mg2+ concentrations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	94-97	tubulin polymerization promoting protein family member 3	Homo sapiens	109-112
2506853-3	1989	The initial velocity of the binding of GTP gamma S to GDP-free rhoB p20 was not affected by changing Mg2+ concentrations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	ras homolog family member B	Bos taurus	63-67
2506853-3	1989	The initial velocity of the binding of GTP gamma S to GDP-free rhoB p20 was not affected by changing Mg2+ concentrations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	tubulin polymerization promoting protein family member 3	Homo sapiens	68-71
2506864-3	1989	rhoB p20 GDI also inhibited the binding of guanosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to the GDP-bound form of rhoB p20 but not of that to the guanine nucleotide-free form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoB	Oryctolagus cuniculus	0-4
2506864-3	1989	rhoB p20 GDI also inhibited the binding of guanosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to the GDP-bound form of rhoB p20 but not of that to the guanine nucleotide-free form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoB	Oryctolagus cuniculus	118-122
2506864-7	1989	These results indicate that rabbit intestine contains a novel regulatory protein that inhibits the dissociation of GDP from and thereby the subsequent binding of GTP to rhoB p20.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoB	Oryctolagus cuniculus	169-173
2506853-4	1989	These results indicate that the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 limits the binding of GTP to this protein, and suggest that there is a factor stimulating the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 and thereby stimulating the binding of GTP to this protein in mammalian tissues.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	ras homolog family member B	Homo sapiens	57-61
2551688-2	1989	This paper describes a large-scale purification of guanylate kinase (ATP + GMP in equilibrium ADP + GDP) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the crystallization of the enzyme and preliminary X-ray investigations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	guanylate kinase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	51-67
2506853-4	1989	These results indicate that the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 limits the binding of GTP to this protein, and suggest that there is a factor stimulating the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 and thereby stimulating the binding of GTP to this protein in mammalian tissues.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	tubulin polymerization promoting protein family member 3	Homo sapiens	62-65
2506853-4	1989	These results indicate that the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 limits the binding of GTP to this protein, and suggest that there is a factor stimulating the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 and thereby stimulating the binding of GTP to this protein in mammalian tissues.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	ras homolog family member B	Homo sapiens	185-189
2506853-4	1989	These results indicate that the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 limits the binding of GTP to this protein, and suggest that there is a factor stimulating the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 and thereby stimulating the binding of GTP to this protein in mammalian tissues.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	tubulin polymerization promoting protein family member 3	Homo sapiens	190-193
2506853-4	1989	These results indicate that the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 limits the binding of GTP to this protein, and suggest that there is a factor stimulating the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 and thereby stimulating the binding of GTP to this protein in mammalian tissues.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	ras homolog family member B	Homo sapiens	57-61
2506853-4	1989	These results indicate that the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 limits the binding of GTP to this protein, and suggest that there is a factor stimulating the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 and thereby stimulating the binding of GTP to this protein in mammalian tissues.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	tubulin polymerization promoting protein family member 3	Homo sapiens	62-65
2506853-4	1989	These results indicate that the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 limits the binding of GTP to this protein, and suggest that there is a factor stimulating the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 and thereby stimulating the binding of GTP to this protein in mammalian tissues.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	ras homolog family member B	Homo sapiens	185-189
2506853-4	1989	These results indicate that the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 limits the binding of GTP to this protein, and suggest that there is a factor stimulating the dissociation of GDP from rhoB p20 and thereby stimulating the binding of GTP to this protein in mammalian tissues.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	tubulin polymerization promoting protein family member 3	Homo sapiens	190-193
2506853-5	1989	Consistently, the factor stimulating the dissociation of GDP, but not of GTP gamma S, from rhoB p20 was detected in bovine brain cytosol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	tubulin polymerization promoting protein family member 3	Homo sapiens	96-99
2549996-2	1989	The UCP in the cultured cells was determined by immunological detection of the protein and by quantification of the mitochondrial GDP-binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-133	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	4-7
2583669-3	1989	Both the vehicle treated and corticosterone treated db/db and ob/ob mice had lower body weights than the sham-operated mice GDP binding to mitochondria from IBAT was significantly lower in both the db/db and ob/ob mice than in their lean controls.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	solute carrier family 10, member 2	Mus musculus	157-161
2583669-6	1989	Our data confirm previous findings that adrenalectomy results in increased GDP binding to mitochondria from IBAT.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	solute carrier family 10, member 2	Mus musculus	108-112
2549065-4	1989	The rate constants for dissociation of GDP from G49V recombinant Gs alpha (rGs alpha) (0.47/min) and Q227L rGs alpha (0.23/min) differ by no more than 2-fold from that observed for the wild type protein (0.5/min).	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	GNAS (guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha stimulating) complex locus	Mus musculus	65-73
2661226-16	1989	The rate of dissociation of the G domain complexes with GTP and GDP as well as the GTPase activity are also influenced by EF-Ts and kirromycin, but the effects evoked are small and in most cases different from those exerted on EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	122-127
2510820-9	1989	These results strongly support the hypothesis that aurodox not only confers a "GTP-like" conformation to the EF-Tu.GDP complex but also produces a less stable folding of the protein around the tryptophan residue that may contribute to the multiple functional effects of this antibiotic.	Guanosine Diphosphate	115-118	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	109-114
2501306-7	1989	The homology (approximately 30%) between these rab proteins and p21ras is restricted to the four conserved domains involved in the GTP/GDP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	RAB1A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	47-50
2501306-7	1989	The homology (approximately 30%) between these rab proteins and p21ras is restricted to the four conserved domains involved in the GTP/GDP binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	64-70
2547644-8	1989	This stimulation of phosphodiesterase activity is undoubtedly related to transphosphorylation by exogenous ATP of endogenous GMP and GDP involving catalytic actions of guanylate kinase and nucleoside diphosphate kinase in isolated ROS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	133-136	guanylate kinase 1	Homo sapiens	168-184
2668035-2	1989	It has been observed that changes occur in undenatured protein, rendering it more resistant to degradation, in the presence of divalent cations such as Mg2+ and Ca2+ (suggesting direct binding of metals to the polypeptide) and even more markedly in the presence of GDP and/or Mg2+ GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	265-268	mucin 7, secreted	Homo sapiens	152-155
2668035-2	1989	It has been observed that changes occur in undenatured protein, rendering it more resistant to degradation, in the presence of divalent cations such as Mg2+ and Ca2+ (suggesting direct binding of metals to the polypeptide) and even more markedly in the presence of GDP and/or Mg2+ GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	281-284	mucin 7, secreted	Homo sapiens	152-155
2473904-7	1989	GDP inhibition is fully prevented after sufficient modification of the SHB.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	SH2 domain containing adaptor protein B	Homo sapiens	71-74
2543682-2	1989	A novel method for the analysis of putative G-proteins has been developed that reveals the existence of a large family of GTP/GDP-binding proteins with similar characteristics to those of p21ras in 3T3 cell plasma membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-129	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	188-191
2547147-5	1989	Stimulation of adenylyl cyclase is dependent not only on RAS protein complexed to GTP, but also on the CDC25 and IRA gene products, which appear to control the RAS GTP-guanosine diphosphate cycle.	Guanosine Diphosphate	168-189	Ras family guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	103-108
2491852-12	1989	The GEF-dependent release of eIF-2-bound GDP was studied at several constant concentrations of one substrate (GTP or eIF-2.GDP) while varying the second substrate concentration, and the results were then plotted according to the Lineweaver-Burk method.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	29-34
2818858-3	1989	These systems are models for the essential GDP binding unit of the G-proteins (e.g., EF-Tu or the ras oncogene proteins) and for protein/phospholipid interactions, both of which are mediated by divalent metal cations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	85-90
2714438-12	1989	As is true of retinal S-Ag, rat pineal S-Ag contains the same consensus phosphoryl-binding site present in many GTP/GDP-binding proteins and a homologous sequence found in the C-terminus of alpha-transducin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	116-119	S-antigen visual arrestin	Rattus norvegicus	39-43
2538446-0	1989	The regulation of the cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase by the GDP-bound form of the alpha subunit of transducin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II	Homo sapiens	29-32
2538446-6	1989	The alpha T.GDP complex also is capable of inhibiting the alpha T.GTP gamma S-stimulated cyclic GMP hydrolysis by the native PDE.	Guanosine Diphosphate	12-15	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II	Homo sapiens	96-99
2642607-2	1989	To understand the structural reasons behind cell transformation arising from this single amino acid substitution, we have determined the crystal structure of the GDP-bound form of the mutant protein, p21(Val-12), encoded by this oncogene.	Guanosine Diphosphate	162-165	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	200-203
2543569-4	1989	It has previously been shown in other systems that phosphorylation of eIF-2 alpha slows the rate of recycling of eIF-2.GDP to eIF-2.GTP catalysed by the guanine nucleotide exchange factor eIF-2B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Cricetulus griseus	70-81
2468472-5	1989	The binding of [125I]human GH to the lactogen receptor as well as the binding of [125I]IL-2 to the IL-2 receptor were decreased in a dose-dependent manner by GTP, GDP, and the analog guanosine 5"-O-(3-thiotriphosphate).	Guanosine Diphosphate	163-166	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	87-91
2468472-5	1989	The binding of [125I]human GH to the lactogen receptor as well as the binding of [125I]IL-2 to the IL-2 receptor were decreased in a dose-dependent manner by GTP, GDP, and the analog guanosine 5"-O-(3-thiotriphosphate).	Guanosine Diphosphate	163-166	interleukin 2 receptor subunit beta	Homo sapiens	99-112
2491852-3	1989	This multisubunit protein catalyzes the exchange of GDP bound to eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF-2) for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	97-102
2491852-5	1989	We have studied this reaction by three different experimental techniques: (a) membrane filtration assays to measure the release of [3H]GDP from the eIF-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	148-153
2491852-12	1989	The GEF-dependent release of eIF-2-bound GDP was studied at several constant concentrations of one substrate (GTP or eIF-2.GDP) while varying the second substrate concentration, and the results were then plotted according to the Lineweaver-Burk method.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	117-122
2491852-7	1989	The results obtained do not support the reaction as written: eIF-2.GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2.GEF + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	61-66
2491852-7	1989	The results obtained do not support the reaction as written: eIF-2.GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2.GEF + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	92-101
2491852-9	1989	The release of bound GDP is dependent on the presence of both GTP and GEF, and this argues against the possibility of a substituted enzyme (ping-pong) mechanism for the guanine nucleotide exchange reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	70-73
2491852-12	1989	The GEF-dependent release of eIF-2-bound GDP was studied at several constant concentrations of one substrate (GTP or eIF-2.GDP) while varying the second substrate concentration, and the results were then plotted according to the Lineweaver-Burk method.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	4-7
2491852-12	1989	The GEF-dependent release of eIF-2-bound GDP was studied at several constant concentrations of one substrate (GTP or eIF-2.GDP) while varying the second substrate concentration, and the results were then plotted according to the Lineweaver-Burk method.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	4-7
2491852-12	1989	The GEF-dependent release of eIF-2-bound GDP was studied at several constant concentrations of one substrate (GTP or eIF-2.GDP) while varying the second substrate concentration, and the results were then plotted according to the Lineweaver-Burk method.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	29-34
2491852-13	1989	Taken together, the results of GTP and eIF-2.GDP binding to GEF and the pattern of the double-reciprocal plots strongly suggest that the guanine nucleotide exchange reaction follows a sequential mechanism.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	39-44
2491852-13	1989	Taken together, the results of GTP and eIF-2.GDP binding to GEF and the pattern of the double-reciprocal plots strongly suggest that the guanine nucleotide exchange reaction follows a sequential mechanism.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	Ras protein specific guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1	Homo sapiens	60-63
2783532-2	1989	Microinjection (icv) of human recombinant IL-1 beta (50 ng) caused acute (response within 60 min) increases in colonic temperature (1.8 degrees C), oxygen consumption (Vo2; 36%), white blood cell count (96%), and brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity (mitochondrial GDP binding, 129%) in conscious rats.	Guanosine Diphosphate	264-267	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	42-51
2516316-1	1989	The functions of G proteins--like those of bacterial elongation factor (EF) Tu and the 21 kDa ras proteins (p21ras)--depend upon their abilities to bind and hydrolyze GTP and to assume different conformations in GTP- and GDP-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	221-224	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	108-114
2788629-2	1989	IL-1 beta also stimulated resting oxygen consumption (VO2) by 38 percent, in vitro thermogenic activity (mitochondrial GDP binding) of brown adipose tissue (BAT) by almost two-fold, and blood flow to brown fat (assessed from the distribution of radiolabelled microspheres) by nine-fold in lean animals.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	0-9
2536809-5	1989	Incubation of radioactive GTP with membranes and subsequent analysis of the guanine nucleotides by TLC (thin layer chromatography) reveals that GTP is rapidly hydrolyzed to GDP and thereupon to the inactive nucleotide GMP and guanosine.	Guanosine Diphosphate	173-176	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II	Mus musculus	218-221
2679904-3	1989	In a later step, eIF-2 is released from the ribosomal initiation complex, most likely as an eIF-2.GDP complex, and another initiation factor termed eIF-2B is necessary to recycle eIF-2 by displacing GDP by GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	17-22
2679904-3	1989	In a later step, eIF-2 is released from the ribosomal initiation complex, most likely as an eIF-2.GDP complex, and another initiation factor termed eIF-2B is necessary to recycle eIF-2 by displacing GDP by GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	92-97
2679904-3	1989	In a later step, eIF-2 is released from the ribosomal initiation complex, most likely as an eIF-2.GDP complex, and another initiation factor termed eIF-2B is necessary to recycle eIF-2 by displacing GDP by GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	92-97
2679904-3	1989	In a later step, eIF-2 is released from the ribosomal initiation complex, most likely as an eIF-2.GDP complex, and another initiation factor termed eIF-2B is necessary to recycle eIF-2 by displacing GDP by GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	199-202	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	17-22
2679904-3	1989	In a later step, eIF-2 is released from the ribosomal initiation complex, most likely as an eIF-2.GDP complex, and another initiation factor termed eIF-2B is necessary to recycle eIF-2 by displacing GDP by GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	199-202	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	148-154
3144279-4	1988	In this study we find that the Asp12 containing peptide has a surprisingly well-defined structure in solution which has more similarity to the GDP-binding loop region in EF-tu than to that in p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	170-175
3143720-5	1988	Homology search indicates that smg p21 is a novel protein with the consensus amino acid sequences for GTP/GDP-binding and GTPase domains but shares about 55% amino acid sequence homology with the human c-Ha-ras protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	35-38
3143720-7	1988	Consistent with these structural properties, smg p21 binds specifically [35S] guanosine 5"-(3-O-thio)triphosphate (GTP gamma S), GTP, and GDP with a Kd value for GTP gamma S of about 40 nM.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	49-52
3063257-6	1988	GDP[S] (1 mM) was also effective at inhibiting low-dose thrombin (0.1 unit/ml)-induced aggregation and secretion responses (without affecting shape change) in permeabilized platelets with inhibition of [32P]-phosphatidic acid formation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	56-64
3198620-10	1988	The GDP analogue guanosine-5"-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) (GDP beta S) caused a 70% inhibition of the bombesin-induced phosphorylation of Mr 80,000 protein but had no effect on the phosphorylation induced by PDBu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	gastrin releasing peptide	Homo sapiens	96-104
3063257-7	1988	At higher doses of thrombin (greater than 0.5 unit/ml), both functional responses and [32P]phosphatidic acid formation are restored in the presence of GDP[S].	Guanosine Diphosphate	151-154	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	19-27
3063257-8	1988	Studies on intact cells revealed that GDP[S] was as effective at inhibiting low-dose thrombin-induced functional responses as in the permeabilized cells, but there was no inhibition of [32P]phosphatidic acid formation, indicating that the agent is nonmembrane-penetrating.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	85-93
3063257-10	1988	In Fura-2-loaded cells GDP[S] inhibited thrombin-induced Ca2+ mobilization, as measured by Fura-2 fluorescence, in a dose-dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	40-48
3141077-6	1988	The K 1/2 for GTP activation of papilloma ODC was approximately 7 x 10(-9) M. When a series of nucleotides was tested, only GTP, the non-hydrolysable analog GTP gamma S, dGTP and GDP were capable of significant activation at 1 microM, while other derivatives including GMP, ATP and CTP were less effective.	Guanosine Diphosphate	179-182	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	42-45
3140812-2	1988	CD3 gamma chain phosphorylation in isolated T cell microsomes was stimulated by the G protein activator guanosine 5"-0 thiotriphosphate (GTP gamma S), but cyclic adenosine monophosphate and guanosine 5"-diphosphate were ineffective at inducing gamma chain phosphorylation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	190-214	CD3 gamma subunit of T-cell receptor complex	Homo sapiens	0-9
3167834-5	1988	In nude mice, high titers of circulating TNF were also produced by combined treatment with MDP-GDP and bacterial vaccine.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	41-44
2463183-2	1988	Guanine nucleotides reduced the binding of 125I-CCK-octapeptide (CCK8) to acinar cell membranes, with the rank order of potency being guanyl-5"-yl imidodiphosphate (Gpp(NH)p) greater than GTP greater than GDP greater than GMP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	205-208	cholecystokinin	Rattus norvegicus	48-51
3139484-3	1988	Receptors such as those for beta- and alpha-adrenergic catecholamines, muscarinic agonists, and the retinal photoreceptor rhodopsin, catalyze the exchange of GDP for GTP binding to the alpha subunit of a specific G protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	158-161	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	122-131
3141783-4	1988	Consistent with this specificity, analysis of p21-bound nucleotides in living cells revealed that almost all normal p21 bound GDP, whereas oncogenic mutant p21s bound both GTP and GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-129	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	116-119
3141783-4	1988	Consistent with this specificity, analysis of p21-bound nucleotides in living cells revealed that almost all normal p21 bound GDP, whereas oncogenic mutant p21s bound both GTP and GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-129	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	116-119
3402612-1	1988	The recycling of eukaryotic initiation factor eIF-2 requires the exchange of GDP for GTP, in a reaction catalyzed by the reversing factor (RF).	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	46-51
2457581-17	1988	Both the ecto-ATPase and the (Ca2+-Mg2+)-ATPase have broad nucleotide-hydrolyzing activity, i.e. they both hydrolyze ATP, GTP, UTP, CTP, ADP, and GDP to a similar extent.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	CEA cell adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	9-20
3042464-1	1988	The ras gene product (p21) specifically binds GDP or GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	22-25
3042464-10	1988	It was found that conditionally induced p21(Val-12) was mostly present in the GTP-bound form, whereas the endogenous p21(Gly-12) was in the GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	117-120
3181143-1	1988	Val20 of elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu), one of the best-characterized GTP binding proteins, is a variable residue within the consensus motif G-X-X-X-X-G-K involved in the interaction with the phosphates of GDP/GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	205-208	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	9-29
3181143-1	1988	Val20 of elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu), one of the best-characterized GTP binding proteins, is a variable residue within the consensus motif G-X-X-X-X-G-K involved in the interaction with the phosphates of GDP/GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	205-208	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	31-36
3181143-7	1988	As in p21, this position in EF-Tu is critical, influencing specifically the GDP/GTP interaction as well as other functions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	6-9
3181143-7	1988	As in p21, this position in EF-Tu is critical, influencing specifically the GDP/GTP interaction as well as other functions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	28-33
2842690-6	1988	Here, using pure GAP in a kinetic competition assay, we show that GAP interacts preferentially with the active GTP complexes of both normal and oncogenic Harvey (Ha) ras p21 compared with the inactive GDP complexes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	201-204	RAS p21 protein activator 1	Bos taurus	66-69
2842690-6	1988	Here, using pure GAP in a kinetic competition assay, we show that GAP interacts preferentially with the active GTP complexes of both normal and oncogenic Harvey (Ha) ras p21 compared with the inactive GDP complexes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	201-204	ras homolog family member A	Bos taurus	170-173
3402612-6	1988	These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that under physiologic conditions, RF interacts with the 60 S-bound eIF-2.GDP complex to promote the dissociation of GDP from eIF-2 and the release of eIF-2 from the 60 S subunit as a complex with RF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	122-127
3402612-6	1988	These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that under physiologic conditions, RF interacts with the 60 S-bound eIF-2.GDP complex to promote the dissociation of GDP from eIF-2 and the release of eIF-2 from the 60 S subunit as a complex with RF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	180-185
3402612-6	1988	These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that under physiologic conditions, RF interacts with the 60 S-bound eIF-2.GDP complex to promote the dissociation of GDP from eIF-2 and the release of eIF-2 from the 60 S subunit as a complex with RF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	180-185
3402612-6	1988	These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that under physiologic conditions, RF interacts with the 60 S-bound eIF-2.GDP complex to promote the dissociation of GDP from eIF-2 and the release of eIF-2 from the 60 S subunit as a complex with RF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	171-174	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	122-127
3402612-2	1988	Recent studies have suggested that a 60 S ribosomal subunit-bound eIF-2.GDP complex is an intermediate in protein chain initiation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	66-71
3402612-6	1988	These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that under physiologic conditions, RF interacts with the 60 S-bound eIF-2.GDP complex to promote the dissociation of GDP from eIF-2 and the release of eIF-2 from the 60 S subunit as a complex with RF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	171-174	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	180-185
3402612-6	1988	These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that under physiologic conditions, RF interacts with the 60 S-bound eIF-2.GDP complex to promote the dissociation of GDP from eIF-2 and the release of eIF-2 from the 60 S subunit as a complex with RF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	171-174	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	180-185
3263887-5	1988	TNF alpha injection (icv) significantly increased brown adipose tissue (BAT) in vitro mitochondrial GDP binding, and this effect was slightly inhibited, but not prevented, by surgical denervation of the tissue, and was unaffected by pretreatment with alpha-helical CRF 9-41.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	0-9
3402451-8	1988	Inhibition of GEF activity in heat-shocked and serum-deprived cells was reversed to control levels by increasing the concentration of purified eIF-2.GDP added as substrate in the GEF assay.	Guanosine Diphosphate	149-152	rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	14-17
3134260-2	1988	While GTP[S] itself caused a stimulation of AA release in permeabilized cells, GTP[S], GDP[S], GTP, ATP and other nucleotides inhibited AA release in response to thrombin and other agonists in intact, as well as permeabilized platelets.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	162-170
3402451-9	1988	Since we have shown elsewhere that eIF-2(alpha P).GDP inhibits GEF by competition with eIF-2.GDP, the complete reversal of inhibition of GEF activity in heat-shocked and serum-deprived cells indicates that inhibition is due solely to phosphorylation of eIF-2 alpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Mus musculus	253-264
3402451-10	1988	In glutamine-deprived cells phosphorylation of eIF-2 alpha was increased modestly and GEF activity was reduced but GEF activity could not be fully reversed by addition of eIF-2.GDP, suggesting that GEF may also be regulated in other ways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	177-180	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Mus musculus	47-58
3402451-10	1988	In glutamine-deprived cells phosphorylation of eIF-2 alpha was increased modestly and GEF activity was reduced but GEF activity could not be fully reversed by addition of eIF-2.GDP, suggesting that GEF may also be regulated in other ways.	Guanosine Diphosphate	177-180	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	47-52
3045729-4	1988	The C-terminal cysteine involved in the membrane anchoring as well as the GTP binding regions of the p21 ras proteins are present in the rap proteins suggesting that these proteins could bind GTP/GDP and have a membrane localization.	Guanosine Diphosphate	196-199	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	101-108
3045729-4	1988	The C-terminal cysteine involved in the membrane anchoring as well as the GTP binding regions of the p21 ras proteins are present in the rap proteins suggesting that these proteins could bind GTP/GDP and have a membrane localization.	Guanosine Diphosphate	196-199	LDL receptor related protein associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	137-140
3402451-8	1988	Inhibition of GEF activity in heat-shocked and serum-deprived cells was reversed to control levels by increasing the concentration of purified eIF-2.GDP added as substrate in the GEF assay.	Guanosine Diphosphate	149-152	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	143-148
3402451-8	1988	Inhibition of GEF activity in heat-shocked and serum-deprived cells was reversed to control levels by increasing the concentration of purified eIF-2.GDP added as substrate in the GEF assay.	Guanosine Diphosphate	149-152	rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	179-182
3402451-9	1988	Since we have shown elsewhere that eIF-2(alpha P).GDP inhibits GEF by competition with eIF-2.GDP, the complete reversal of inhibition of GEF activity in heat-shocked and serum-deprived cells indicates that inhibition is due solely to phosphorylation of eIF-2 alpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	35-40
3402451-9	1988	Since we have shown elsewhere that eIF-2(alpha P).GDP inhibits GEF by competition with eIF-2.GDP, the complete reversal of inhibition of GEF activity in heat-shocked and serum-deprived cells indicates that inhibition is due solely to phosphorylation of eIF-2 alpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	41-48
3402451-9	1988	Since we have shown elsewhere that eIF-2(alpha P).GDP inhibits GEF by competition with eIF-2.GDP, the complete reversal of inhibition of GEF activity in heat-shocked and serum-deprived cells indicates that inhibition is due solely to phosphorylation of eIF-2 alpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	63-66
3402451-9	1988	Since we have shown elsewhere that eIF-2(alpha P).GDP inhibits GEF by competition with eIF-2.GDP, the complete reversal of inhibition of GEF activity in heat-shocked and serum-deprived cells indicates that inhibition is due solely to phosphorylation of eIF-2 alpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	87-92
3402451-9	1988	Since we have shown elsewhere that eIF-2(alpha P).GDP inhibits GEF by competition with eIF-2.GDP, the complete reversal of inhibition of GEF activity in heat-shocked and serum-deprived cells indicates that inhibition is due solely to phosphorylation of eIF-2 alpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	137-140
3402451-9	1988	Since we have shown elsewhere that eIF-2(alpha P).GDP inhibits GEF by competition with eIF-2.GDP, the complete reversal of inhibition of GEF activity in heat-shocked and serum-deprived cells indicates that inhibition is due solely to phosphorylation of eIF-2 alpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Mus musculus	253-264
3402451-9	1988	Since we have shown elsewhere that eIF-2(alpha P).GDP inhibits GEF by competition with eIF-2.GDP, the complete reversal of inhibition of GEF activity in heat-shocked and serum-deprived cells indicates that inhibition is due solely to phosphorylation of eIF-2 alpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	35-40
3402451-9	1988	Since we have shown elsewhere that eIF-2(alpha P).GDP inhibits GEF by competition with eIF-2.GDP, the complete reversal of inhibition of GEF activity in heat-shocked and serum-deprived cells indicates that inhibition is due solely to phosphorylation of eIF-2 alpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	41-48
3402451-9	1988	Since we have shown elsewhere that eIF-2(alpha P).GDP inhibits GEF by competition with eIF-2.GDP, the complete reversal of inhibition of GEF activity in heat-shocked and serum-deprived cells indicates that inhibition is due solely to phosphorylation of eIF-2 alpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	87-92
3135798-0	1988	A study of GDP binding to purified thermogenin protein from brown adipose tissue.	Guanosine Diphosphate	11-14	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	35-46
2839333-5	1988	GTP (100 microM) was obligatory for the ANF-dependent inhibition of adenylate cyclase, which could be completely overcome by the presence of 100 microM GDP[beta S] or the addition of 10 mM Mn2+.	Guanosine Diphosphate	152-155	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	40-43
2967696-3	1988	Similar inhibition of the sarcolemmal Ca2+ pump is also observed with micromolar concentration of inositol trisphosphate (IP3), while GDP or inositol tetrakisphosphate (IP4) has no effect.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	carbonic anhydrase 2	Rattus norvegicus	38-41
3356694-2	1988	The formation of ternary complex, eIF-2.GTP.Met-tRNA, is potently inhibited by GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	34-39
3356694-4	1988	We have compared the dissociation constants (Kd) of eIF-2.GDP and eIF-2.GTP and find that GDP has a 400-fold higher affinity for GDP than GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	52-57
3356694-4	1988	We have compared the dissociation constants (Kd) of eIF-2.GDP and eIF-2.GTP and find that GDP has a 400-fold higher affinity for GDP than GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	52-57
3356694-4	1988	We have compared the dissociation constants (Kd) of eIF-2.GDP and eIF-2.GTP and find that GDP has a 400-fold higher affinity for GDP than GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	66-71
3356694-4	1988	We have compared the dissociation constants (Kd) of eIF-2.GDP and eIF-2.GTP and find that GDP has a 400-fold higher affinity for GDP than GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	52-57
3356694-4	1988	We have compared the dissociation constants (Kd) of eIF-2.GDP and eIF-2.GTP and find that GDP has a 400-fold higher affinity for GDP than GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	90-93	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	66-71
3135798-2	1988	The binding of GDP to purified thermogenin protein was studied by using fluorescence spectroscopy and equilibrium dialysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	15-18	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	31-42
3356694-7	1988	This combination of rate constants and low levels of contaminating GDP in preparations of GTP can explain the apparently unstable nature of eIF-2.GTP observed by others.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	140-145
3356694-8	1988	Mg2+ stabilizes binary complexes slowing the rates of release of nucleotide from both eIF-2.GDP and eIF-2.GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	mucin 7, secreted	Homo sapiens	0-3
3356694-8	1988	Mg2+ stabilizes binary complexes slowing the rates of release of nucleotide from both eIF-2.GDP and eIF-2.GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	86-91
3356694-9	1988	The competition between GTP and GDP for binding to eIF-2.guanine nucleotide exchange factor complex has been measured.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	51-56
3356694-10	1988	A 10-fold higher GTP concentration than GDP is required to reduce [32P] GDP binding to eIF-2.guanine nucleotide exchange factor complex by 50%.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	87-92
3356694-10	1988	A 10-fold higher GTP concentration than GDP is required to reduce [32P] GDP binding to eIF-2.guanine nucleotide exchange factor complex by 50%.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	87-92
3356695-4	1988	GEF was considered in terms of an enzyme whose catalytic function was the exchange of eIF-2-bound [alpha-32P]GDP for unlabeled nucleotide.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	0-3
3356695-4	1988	GEF was considered in terms of an enzyme whose catalytic function was the exchange of eIF-2-bound [alpha-32P]GDP for unlabeled nucleotide.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	86-91
3356695-7	1988	This mechanism proposes the existence of a GEF.eIF-2.GDP complex and excludes the possibility of two guanine nucleotide binding sites on eIF-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	43-46
3135798-4	1988	GDP binding to thermogenin diminished fluorescence emission in a concentration-dependent manner that exhibited saturation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	15-26
3356695-7	1988	This mechanism proposes the existence of a GEF.eIF-2.GDP complex and excludes the possibility of two guanine nucleotide binding sites on eIF-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	47-52
3356695-11	1988	Data presented here, however, reveal that eIF-2(P).GDP is a competitive inhibitor of GEF (rather than an irreversible inhibitor) competing with eIF-2.GDP for binding to GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	42-47
3356695-11	1988	Data presented here, however, reveal that eIF-2(P).GDP is a competitive inhibitor of GEF (rather than an irreversible inhibitor) competing with eIF-2.GDP for binding to GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	85-88
3356695-11	1988	Data presented here, however, reveal that eIF-2(P).GDP is a competitive inhibitor of GEF (rather than an irreversible inhibitor) competing with eIF-2.GDP for binding to GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	144-149
3356695-11	1988	Data presented here, however, reveal that eIF-2(P).GDP is a competitive inhibitor of GEF (rather than an irreversible inhibitor) competing with eIF-2.GDP for binding to GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	169-172
3356695-11	1988	Data presented here, however, reveal that eIF-2(P).GDP is a competitive inhibitor of GEF (rather than an irreversible inhibitor) competing with eIF-2.GDP for binding to GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	150-153	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	42-47
3356695-11	1988	Data presented here, however, reveal that eIF-2(P).GDP is a competitive inhibitor of GEF (rather than an irreversible inhibitor) competing with eIF-2.GDP for binding to GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	150-153	rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	85-88
3356695-11	1988	Data presented here, however, reveal that eIF-2(P).GDP is a competitive inhibitor of GEF (rather than an irreversible inhibitor) competing with eIF-2.GDP for binding to GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	150-153	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	144-149
3356695-11	1988	Data presented here, however, reveal that eIF-2(P).GDP is a competitive inhibitor of GEF (rather than an irreversible inhibitor) competing with eIF-2.GDP for binding to GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	150-153	rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	169-172
2833702-3	1988	It is assumed that an external signal is detected by a membrane molecule (or detector) that stimulates the conversion of p21.GDP to p21.GTP which then interacts with a target molecule (or effector) to generate an internal signal.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	121-124
2833702-3	1988	It is assumed that an external signal is detected by a membrane molecule (or detector) that stimulates the conversion of p21.GDP to p21.GTP which then interacts with a target molecule (or effector) to generate an internal signal.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	132-135
3350808-1	1988	The release of a chromophoric analogue of GDP, 2-amino-6-mercaptopurine riboside 5"-diphosphate (thioGDP), from its complex with elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) is catalyzed by elongation factor Ts (EF-Ts).	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	129-149
3350808-1	1988	The release of a chromophoric analogue of GDP, 2-amino-6-mercaptopurine riboside 5"-diphosphate (thioGDP), from its complex with elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) is catalyzed by elongation factor Ts (EF-Ts).	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	151-156
3350808-1	1988	The release of a chromophoric analogue of GDP, 2-amino-6-mercaptopurine riboside 5"-diphosphate (thioGDP), from its complex with elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) is catalyzed by elongation factor Ts (EF-Ts).	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	174-194
3350808-1	1988	The release of a chromophoric analogue of GDP, 2-amino-6-mercaptopurine riboside 5"-diphosphate (thioGDP), from its complex with elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) is catalyzed by elongation factor Ts (EF-Ts).	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	196-201
3135798-14	1988	The data are consistent with the existence of protonated and non-protonated forms of thermogenin protein that both bind GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	85-96
3338993-3	1988	The kinetic data demonstrate that, in analogy to procaryotes, dissociation of GDP occurs via the formation of a transient ternary complex of EF-1 alpha.GDP.EF-1 beta gamma.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	141-151
3355512-3	1988	GDP[beta S] (0.3-3 mM) had significant inhibitory effects on platelet aggregation and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT) secretion induced by thrombin, collagen, the thromboxane mimetic U46619 and 1,2-dioctanoylglycerol (diC8) in intact platelets, as well as in saponin-permeabilized platelets.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	133-141
3355512-6	1988	Inhibition of thrombin-induced aggregation and secretion by GDP[beta S] and ATP in intact platelets was accompanied by a reduction in the thrombin-induced rise in intracellular Ca2+ levels and 45 kDa-protein phosphorylation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	14-22
3355512-6	1988	Inhibition of thrombin-induced aggregation and secretion by GDP[beta S] and ATP in intact platelets was accompanied by a reduction in the thrombin-induced rise in intracellular Ca2+ levels and 45 kDa-protein phosphorylation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	138-146
3346664-0	1988	The preparation and characterization of Cr(III) and Co(III) complexes of GDP and GTP and their interactions with avian phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase III	Homo sapiens	43-46
3346664-0	1988	The preparation and characterization of Cr(III) and Co(III) complexes of GDP and GTP and their interactions with avian phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase III	Homo sapiens	52-59
3338993-3	1988	The kinetic data demonstrate that, in analogy to procaryotes, dissociation of GDP occurs via the formation of a transient ternary complex of EF-1 alpha.GDP.EF-1 beta gamma.	Guanosine Diphosphate	152-155	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	141-151
3338993-4	1988	The rate constants for the dissociation of GDP from EF-1 alpha.GDP and from the ternary complex EF-1 alpha.GDP.EF-1 beta gamma were found to be 0.7 x 10(-3) and greater than or equal to 0.7 s-1, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	52-62
3338993-4	1988	The rate constants for the dissociation of GDP from EF-1 alpha.GDP and from the ternary complex EF-1 alpha.GDP.EF-1 beta gamma were found to be 0.7 x 10(-3) and greater than or equal to 0.7 s-1, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	96-106
3338993-4	1988	The rate constants for the dissociation of GDP from EF-1 alpha.GDP and from the ternary complex EF-1 alpha.GDP.EF-1 beta gamma were found to be 0.7 x 10(-3) and greater than or equal to 0.7 s-1, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	52-62
3338993-4	1988	The rate constants for the dissociation of GDP from EF-1 alpha.GDP and from the ternary complex EF-1 alpha.GDP.EF-1 beta gamma were found to be 0.7 x 10(-3) and greater than or equal to 0.7 s-1, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	96-106
3338993-4	1988	The rate constants for the dissociation of GDP from EF-1 alpha.GDP and from the ternary complex EF-1 alpha.GDP.EF-1 beta gamma were found to be 0.7 x 10(-3) and greater than or equal to 0.7 s-1, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	52-62
3338993-4	1988	The rate constants for the dissociation of GDP from EF-1 alpha.GDP and from the ternary complex EF-1 alpha.GDP.EF-1 beta gamma were found to be 0.7 x 10(-3) and greater than or equal to 0.7 s-1, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	96-106
3338993-5	1988	The equilibrium association constants of GDP to EF-1 alpha.EF-1 beta gamma and of EF-1 beta gamma to EF-1 alpha.GDP were found to be 2.3 x 10(5) and 4.2 x 10(5) M-1, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	48-58
3338993-5	1988	The equilibrium association constants of GDP to EF-1 alpha.EF-1 beta gamma and of EF-1 beta gamma to EF-1 alpha.GDP were found to be 2.3 x 10(5) and 4.2 x 10(5) M-1, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	101-111
3338993-5	1988	The equilibrium association constants of GDP to EF-1 alpha.EF-1 beta gamma and of EF-1 beta gamma to EF-1 alpha.GDP were found to be 2.3 x 10(5) and 4.2 x 10(5) M-1, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	48-58
3338993-5	1988	The equilibrium association constants of GDP to EF-1 alpha.EF-1 beta gamma and of EF-1 beta gamma to EF-1 alpha.GDP were found to be 2.3 x 10(5) and 4.2 x 10(5) M-1, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	101-111
3143595-5	1988	In addition, because of their critical roles in metabolism, changes in the concentration of GTP, GDP and the second messengers, c-AMP, c-GMP should be monitored.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide	Homo sapiens	128-140
3276514-5	1988	Both EF-1 beta gamma and EF-1 beta have been shown to stimulate the following three reactions to a comparable degree: (a) exchange of GDP bound to EF-1 alpha with exogenous GDP; (b) EF-1 alpha-dependent binding of Phe-tRNA to ribosomes; (c) poly(U)-dependent poly(phenylalanine) synthesis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2	Homo sapiens	5-14
3276514-5	1988	Both EF-1 beta gamma and EF-1 beta have been shown to stimulate the following three reactions to a comparable degree: (a) exchange of GDP bound to EF-1 alpha with exogenous GDP; (b) EF-1 alpha-dependent binding of Phe-tRNA to ribosomes; (c) poly(U)-dependent poly(phenylalanine) synthesis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2	Homo sapiens	25-34
3276514-5	1988	Both EF-1 beta gamma and EF-1 beta have been shown to stimulate the following three reactions to a comparable degree: (a) exchange of GDP bound to EF-1 alpha with exogenous GDP; (b) EF-1 alpha-dependent binding of Phe-tRNA to ribosomes; (c) poly(U)-dependent poly(phenylalanine) synthesis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	147-157
3276514-5	1988	Both EF-1 beta gamma and EF-1 beta have been shown to stimulate the following three reactions to a comparable degree: (a) exchange of GDP bound to EF-1 alpha with exogenous GDP; (b) EF-1 alpha-dependent binding of Phe-tRNA to ribosomes; (c) poly(U)-dependent poly(phenylalanine) synthesis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	173-176	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2	Homo sapiens	5-14
3276514-5	1988	Both EF-1 beta gamma and EF-1 beta have been shown to stimulate the following three reactions to a comparable degree: (a) exchange of GDP bound to EF-1 alpha with exogenous GDP; (b) EF-1 alpha-dependent binding of Phe-tRNA to ribosomes; (c) poly(U)-dependent poly(phenylalanine) synthesis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	173-176	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2	Homo sapiens	25-34
3276311-0	1988	Proton NMR studies of the GDP.Mg2+ complex of the Ha-ras oncogene product p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	74-77
3276311-3	1988	From sequence homology with the bacterial elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) and the known X-ray structure of the EF-Tu.GDP.Mg2+ complex it may be inferred that the Phe residue in question is either Phe78 or Phe82 in the p21 sequence.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	42-62
3276311-3	1988	From sequence homology with the bacterial elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) and the known X-ray structure of the EF-Tu.GDP.Mg2+ complex it may be inferred that the Phe residue in question is either Phe78 or Phe82 in the p21 sequence.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	64-69
3276311-3	1988	From sequence homology with the bacterial elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) and the known X-ray structure of the EF-Tu.GDP.Mg2+ complex it may be inferred that the Phe residue in question is either Phe78 or Phe82 in the p21 sequence.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	108-113
2821624-4	1987	In contrast, Gly12 p21 was predominantly guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound because of a dramatic stimulation of Gly12 p21-associated guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
3263200-5	1988	The incorporation of CEA within liposomal carriers resulted in immunological recognition in mice at doses (0.1 micrograms) significantly less than required in Freund"s complete adjuvant (25 micrograms), maximal responsiveness being found with liposomal-CEA-MDP-GDP preparations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	261-264	carcinoembryonic antigen gene family	Mus musculus	21-24
2452616-1	1987	The effect of nucleotides: AMP, cAMP, ADP, ATP, GDP and GTP, on glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) purified from the mealworm fat body was studied.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	glutamate dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	89-92
2821624-4	1987	In contrast, Gly12 p21 was predominantly guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound because of a dramatic stimulation of Gly12 p21-associated guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-62	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
2823806-1	1987	An in vitro study of phosphate-transfer, from the high-energy phosphates on the phosphoenzyme (enzyme-bound high-energy phosphate intermediate) of NDP-kinase to GDP on various guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G1, elongation factor alpha 1, recombinant v-rasH p21 protein, transducin, Gi and Go), revealed that the GDP acts as a phosphate-acceptor, in the presence of divalent cations (Mg2+ and Ca2+).	Guanosine Diphosphate	161-164	proline rich protein BstNI subfamily 3	Homo sapiens	213-242
2823806-1	1987	An in vitro study of phosphate-transfer, from the high-energy phosphates on the phosphoenzyme (enzyme-bound high-energy phosphate intermediate) of NDP-kinase to GDP on various guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G1, elongation factor alpha 1, recombinant v-rasH p21 protein, transducin, Gi and Go), revealed that the GDP acts as a phosphate-acceptor, in the presence of divalent cations (Mg2+ and Ca2+).	Guanosine Diphosphate	161-164	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	263-266
2821624-4	1987	In contrast, Gly12 p21 was predominantly guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound because of a dramatic stimulation of Gly12 p21-associated guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	19-22
2821624-4	1987	In contrast, Gly12 p21 was predominantly guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound because of a dramatic stimulation of Gly12 p21-associated guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	118-121
2821624-8	1987	It thus appears that, in Xenopus oocytes, this protein maintains normal p21 in a biologically inactive, GDP-bound state through its effect on GTPase activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	72-75
3662529-3	1987	GDP and 5"-GMP also enhanced the release of Ca2+.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	carbonic anhydrase 2	Homo sapiens	44-47
2826123-5	1987	Activation requires that GDP or a suitable analogue be bound to T alpha: T alpha-GDP and T alpha-GDP alpha S are activable by fluorides, but not T alpha-GDP beta S, nor T alpha that has released its nucleotide upon binding to photoexcited rhodopsin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	25-28	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	239-248
3038880-2	1987	Whereas S. cerevisiae RAS1 and RAS2 proteins were immunoprecipitated bound entirely to GDP, mammalian Harvey ras was isolated with GTP and GDP bound in near-equimolar proportions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	Ras family GTPase RAS1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	22-26
3427221-6	1987	GDP, GTP and GDP(CH2)P are able to displace EF2 from blue Sepharose.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Homo sapiens	44-47
3038880-2	1987	Whereas S. cerevisiae RAS1 and RAS2 proteins were immunoprecipitated bound entirely to GDP, mammalian Harvey ras was isolated with GTP and GDP bound in near-equimolar proportions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	31-35
3038880-3	1987	In a strain overexpressing a RAS2 variant where the RAS unique C-terminal domain was deleted, both GTP and GDP were detected in a ratio of 3:97.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	29-33
2956255-1	1987	We have previously reported that the GDP-bound alpha-subunit of the GTP-binding protein transducin, present in outer segments of retinal rod cells (ROS), serves as a high affinity in vitro substrate (Km = 1 microM) for the insulin receptor kinase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	insulin	Homo sapiens	223-230
3036863-2	1987	TRH stimulation of IP3 formation was inhibited by high GDP concentrations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
3036863-12	1987	Maximally effective concentrations of GTP gamma S, Gpp(NH)p, GTP, and GDP decreased specific [3H]Me-TRH binding by 80%.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	100-103
3298232-5	1987	The association rate constant for p21 and GDP is 1.47 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 and for GTP is 2.9 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 at 0 degree C. By using appropriately determined dissociation rate constants we have determined the binding constant for p21.GDP and p21.GTP in the presence of excess Mg2+ to be 5.7 X 10(10) M-1 and 6.0 X 10(10) M-1, respectively, at 0 degree C.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-37
2822018-4	1987	PLC activation by thrombin was dependent on GTP, and was completely inhibited by a 15-fold excess of the non-hydrolysable GDP analogue guanosine 5"-[beta-thio]diphosphate (GDP[S]).	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	18-26
2822018-4	1987	PLC activation by thrombin was dependent on GTP, and was completely inhibited by a 15-fold excess of the non-hydrolysable GDP analogue guanosine 5"-[beta-thio]diphosphate (GDP[S]).	Guanosine Diphosphate	172-175	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	18-26
3298232-5	1987	The association rate constant for p21 and GDP is 1.47 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 and for GTP is 2.9 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 at 0 degree C. By using appropriately determined dissociation rate constants we have determined the binding constant for p21.GDP and p21.GTP in the presence of excess Mg2+ to be 5.7 X 10(10) M-1 and 6.0 X 10(10) M-1, respectively, at 0 degree C.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	226-229
3298232-5	1987	The association rate constant for p21 and GDP is 1.47 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 and for GTP is 2.9 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 at 0 degree C. By using appropriately determined dissociation rate constants we have determined the binding constant for p21.GDP and p21.GTP in the presence of excess Mg2+ to be 5.7 X 10(10) M-1 and 6.0 X 10(10) M-1, respectively, at 0 degree C.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	226-229
3651421-0	1987	Intrinsic fluorescence of elongation factor Tu in its complexes with GDP and elongation factor Ts.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	26-46
3651421-1	1987	The intrinsic fluorescence properties of elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) in its complexes with GDP and elongation factor Ts (EF-Ts) have been investigated.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	41-61
3298232-5	1987	The association rate constant for p21 and GDP is 1.47 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 and for GTP is 2.9 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 at 0 degree C. By using appropriately determined dissociation rate constants we have determined the binding constant for p21.GDP and p21.GTP in the presence of excess Mg2+ to be 5.7 X 10(10) M-1 and 6.0 X 10(10) M-1, respectively, at 0 degree C.	Guanosine Diphosphate	230-233	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-37
3651421-1	1987	The intrinsic fluorescence properties of elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) in its complexes with GDP and elongation factor Ts (EF-Ts) have been investigated.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	63-68
3298232-5	1987	The association rate constant for p21 and GDP is 1.47 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 and for GTP is 2.9 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 at 0 degree C. By using appropriately determined dissociation rate constants we have determined the binding constant for p21.GDP and p21.GTP in the presence of excess Mg2+ to be 5.7 X 10(10) M-1 and 6.0 X 10(10) M-1, respectively, at 0 degree C.	Guanosine Diphosphate	230-233	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	226-229
3651421-7	1987	Steady-state and dynamic polarization measurements revealed limited local mobility for the tryptophan in the EF-Tu x GDP complex whereas formation of the EF-Tu x EF-Ts complex led to a dramatic increase in this local mobility.	Guanosine Diphosphate	117-120	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	109-114
3298232-5	1987	The association rate constant for p21 and GDP is 1.47 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 and for GTP is 2.9 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 at 0 degree C. By using appropriately determined dissociation rate constants we have determined the binding constant for p21.GDP and p21.GTP in the presence of excess Mg2+ to be 5.7 X 10(10) M-1 and 6.0 X 10(10) M-1, respectively, at 0 degree C.	Guanosine Diphosphate	230-233	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	226-229
3109905-7	1987	Our data support two possible mechanisms for GDP/GTP exchange with Drosophila embryos eIF-2: a GEF-dependent exchange, similar to that described in rabbit reticulocytes, which may be regulated by phosphorylation of eIF-2, and a factor-independent exchange which appears to be insensitive to this type of control.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Drosophila melanogaster	86-91
3109905-2	1987	The mechanism for guanine nucleotide exchange with eukaryotic initiation factor-2 (eIF-2) from Drosophila melanogaster embryos was studied using the reaction eIF-2 X [3H]GDP + GDP (GTP) in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP (GTP) + [3H]GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-173	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Drosophila melanogaster	51-81
3109905-7	1987	Our data support two possible mechanisms for GDP/GTP exchange with Drosophila embryos eIF-2: a GEF-dependent exchange, similar to that described in rabbit reticulocytes, which may be regulated by phosphorylation of eIF-2, and a factor-independent exchange which appears to be insensitive to this type of control.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor at 64C	Drosophila melanogaster	95-98
3109905-2	1987	The mechanism for guanine nucleotide exchange with eukaryotic initiation factor-2 (eIF-2) from Drosophila melanogaster embryos was studied using the reaction eIF-2 X [3H]GDP + GDP (GTP) in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP (GTP) + [3H]GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-173	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Drosophila melanogaster	83-88
3109905-2	1987	The mechanism for guanine nucleotide exchange with eukaryotic initiation factor-2 (eIF-2) from Drosophila melanogaster embryos was studied using the reaction eIF-2 X [3H]GDP + GDP (GTP) in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP (GTP) + [3H]GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-173	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Drosophila melanogaster	158-163
3109905-7	1987	Our data support two possible mechanisms for GDP/GTP exchange with Drosophila embryos eIF-2: a GEF-dependent exchange, similar to that described in rabbit reticulocytes, which may be regulated by phosphorylation of eIF-2, and a factor-independent exchange which appears to be insensitive to this type of control.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Drosophila melanogaster	215-220
3109905-2	1987	The mechanism for guanine nucleotide exchange with eukaryotic initiation factor-2 (eIF-2) from Drosophila melanogaster embryos was studied using the reaction eIF-2 X [3H]GDP + GDP (GTP) in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP (GTP) + [3H]GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	170-173	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Drosophila melanogaster	158-163
3109943-1	1987	Autophosphorylation of the purified human insulin receptor tyrosyl kinase was found to be inhibited by the ras oncogene product p21 in a concentration- and GDP-dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	insulin	Homo sapiens	42-49
3109905-2	1987	The mechanism for guanine nucleotide exchange with eukaryotic initiation factor-2 (eIF-2) from Drosophila melanogaster embryos was studied using the reaction eIF-2 X [3H]GDP + GDP (GTP) in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP (GTP) + [3H]GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Drosophila melanogaster	51-81
3109905-2	1987	The mechanism for guanine nucleotide exchange with eukaryotic initiation factor-2 (eIF-2) from Drosophila melanogaster embryos was studied using the reaction eIF-2 X [3H]GDP + GDP (GTP) in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP (GTP) + [3H]GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Drosophila melanogaster	83-88
3109943-1	1987	Autophosphorylation of the purified human insulin receptor tyrosyl kinase was found to be inhibited by the ras oncogene product p21 in a concentration- and GDP-dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	128-131
3109905-2	1987	The mechanism for guanine nucleotide exchange with eukaryotic initiation factor-2 (eIF-2) from Drosophila melanogaster embryos was studied using the reaction eIF-2 X [3H]GDP + GDP (GTP) in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP (GTP) + [3H]GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Drosophila melanogaster	158-163
3109905-2	1987	The mechanism for guanine nucleotide exchange with eukaryotic initiation factor-2 (eIF-2) from Drosophila melanogaster embryos was studied using the reaction eIF-2 X [3H]GDP + GDP (GTP) in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP (GTP) + [3H]GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Drosophila melanogaster	158-163
3555114-2	1987	The occurrence of UCP unique to brown adipose tissue (BAT) was investigated by GDP binding, photoaffinity labeling with 8-azidoadenosine 5"-triphosphate, and immunoblots using specific antibodies directed against rat UCP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	18-21
3109905-2	1987	The mechanism for guanine nucleotide exchange with eukaryotic initiation factor-2 (eIF-2) from Drosophila melanogaster embryos was studied using the reaction eIF-2 X [3H]GDP + GDP (GTP) in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP (GTP) + [3H]GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Drosophila melanogaster	51-81
3109905-2	1987	The mechanism for guanine nucleotide exchange with eukaryotic initiation factor-2 (eIF-2) from Drosophila melanogaster embryos was studied using the reaction eIF-2 X [3H]GDP + GDP (GTP) in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP (GTP) + [3H]GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Drosophila melanogaster	83-88
3109905-2	1987	The mechanism for guanine nucleotide exchange with eukaryotic initiation factor-2 (eIF-2) from Drosophila melanogaster embryos was studied using the reaction eIF-2 X [3H]GDP + GDP (GTP) in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP (GTP) + [3H]GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Drosophila melanogaster	158-163
3109905-2	1987	The mechanism for guanine nucleotide exchange with eukaryotic initiation factor-2 (eIF-2) from Drosophila melanogaster embryos was studied using the reaction eIF-2 X [3H]GDP + GDP (GTP) in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP (GTP) + [3H]GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Drosophila melanogaster	158-163
3109905-2	1987	The mechanism for guanine nucleotide exchange with eukaryotic initiation factor-2 (eIF-2) from Drosophila melanogaster embryos was studied using the reaction eIF-2 X [3H]GDP + GDP (GTP) in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP (GTP) + [3H]GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Drosophila melanogaster	51-81
3109905-2	1987	The mechanism for guanine nucleotide exchange with eukaryotic initiation factor-2 (eIF-2) from Drosophila melanogaster embryos was studied using the reaction eIF-2 X [3H]GDP + GDP (GTP) in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP (GTP) + [3H]GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Drosophila melanogaster	83-88
3109905-2	1987	The mechanism for guanine nucleotide exchange with eukaryotic initiation factor-2 (eIF-2) from Drosophila melanogaster embryos was studied using the reaction eIF-2 X [3H]GDP + GDP (GTP) in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP (GTP) + [3H]GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Drosophila melanogaster	158-163
3109905-2	1987	The mechanism for guanine nucleotide exchange with eukaryotic initiation factor-2 (eIF-2) from Drosophila melanogaster embryos was studied using the reaction eIF-2 X [3H]GDP + GDP (GTP) in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP (GTP) + [3H]GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Drosophila melanogaster	158-163
3299060-3	1987	The response of the enzyme to added RAS2 proteins bound with various guanine nucleotides and their analogs suggests that RAS2 proteins are active in their GTP-bound form and are virtually inactive in their GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	206-209	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	36-40
3299060-3	1987	The response of the enzyme to added RAS2 proteins bound with various guanine nucleotides and their analogs suggests that RAS2 proteins are active in their GTP-bound form and are virtually inactive in their GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	206-209	Ras family GTPase RAS2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	121-125
3646234-1	1987	Recent observations have indicated that eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF)-2 and GTP or GDP normally bind to 60 S ribosomal subunits in rabbit reticulocyte lysate and that when eIF-2 alpha is phosphorylated and polypeptide chain initiation is inhibited, eIF-2 X GDP accumulates on 60 S subunits due to impaired dissociation that is normally mediated by the reversing factor (eIF-2B).	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Oryctolagus cuniculus	177-188
3646234-1	1987	Recent observations have indicated that eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF)-2 and GTP or GDP normally bind to 60 S ribosomal subunits in rabbit reticulocyte lysate and that when eIF-2 alpha is phosphorylated and polypeptide chain initiation is inhibited, eIF-2 X GDP accumulates on 60 S subunits due to impaired dissociation that is normally mediated by the reversing factor (eIF-2B).	Guanosine Diphosphate	262-265	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Oryctolagus cuniculus	177-188
3646234-2	1987	Current findings now indicate that inhibition due to phosphorylation of eIF-2 alpha is mediated, at least in part, by the inability to dissociate eIF-2 X GDP from the 60 S subunit of complete initiation complexes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	154-157	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Oryctolagus cuniculus	72-83
3107404-2	1987	Hamsters, which are hibernators, have been considered to be "primed" for thermogenesis and thus not to show cold-acclimation effects, but here a significant increase in [3H]GDP-binding capacity was observed (from 0.5 nmol in control to 0.9 nmol GDP/mg in cold-acclimated hamsters), and this increase was paralleled by an increase in thermogenin antigen amount, as measured in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.	Guanosine Diphosphate	173-176	mitochondrial brown fat uncoupling protein 1	Mesocricetus auratus	333-344
3569283-1	1987	The presence of and biochemical background for the so-called "unmasking" phenomenon in rat brown-fat mitochondria was investigated (i.e. the apparent increase in [3H]GDP binding to the "uncoupling" protein thermogenin, without a concomitant increase in the amount of the protein).	Guanosine Diphosphate	166-169	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	206-217
3107404-4	1987	The increase in thermogenin amount was paralleled by an increase both in GDP-sensitive Cl- permeability of the mitochondria and in GDP-sensitive respiration.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	mitochondrial brown fat uncoupling protein 1	Mesocricetus auratus	16-27
3107404-4	1987	The increase in thermogenin amount was paralleled by an increase both in GDP-sensitive Cl- permeability of the mitochondria and in GDP-sensitive respiration.	Guanosine Diphosphate	131-134	mitochondrial brown fat uncoupling protein 1	Mesocricetus auratus	16-27
3297141-5	1987	Compared with wild-type EF-Tu, EF-TuBo displays essentially the same affinity for GDP and GTP, with only the dissociation rate of EF-Tu GTP being slightly faster.	Guanosine Diphosphate	82-85	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	31-36
3102494-2	1987	Photolyzed rhodopsin acts in a catalytic manner to mediate the exchange of GTP for GDP bound to transducin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	11-20
3102232-9	1987	Data supporting the notion that this affinity is increased in the presence of Mg2+, which impairs the GDP/GTP exchange on elF-2, are presented.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	ETS-related transcription factor Elf-2	Oryctolagus cuniculus	122-127
3818593-6	1987	GEF from rat liver reversed GDP inhibition of the ternary complex assay and catalyzed the exchange of eIF-2-bound GDP for free GDP or GTP, characteristics ascribed to the corresponding protein from rabbit reticulocytes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	28-31	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 5	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
3818593-6	1987	GEF from rat liver reversed GDP inhibition of the ternary complex assay and catalyzed the exchange of eIF-2-bound GDP for free GDP or GTP, characteristics ascribed to the corresponding protein from rabbit reticulocytes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 5	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
3818593-6	1987	GEF from rat liver reversed GDP inhibition of the ternary complex assay and catalyzed the exchange of eIF-2-bound GDP for free GDP or GTP, characteristics ascribed to the corresponding protein from rabbit reticulocytes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 5	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
3818593-8	1987	The T1/2 for GDP exchange mediated by GEF was about 5-fold slower with two-subunit than with three-subunit eIF-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	13-16	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 5	Rattus norvegicus	38-41
3818593-9	1987	In addition, the KD for GDP was lower for two-subunit than for three-subunit eIF-2 when GEF was present.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 5	Rattus norvegicus	88-91
3028791-0	1987	Characterisation of the metal-ion-GDP complex at the active sites of transforming and nontransforming p21 proteins by observation of the 17O-Mn superhyperfine coupling and by kinetic methods.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	102-105
3028791-1	1987	Kinetic studies on the interaction of three Ha-ras-encoded p21 proteins with GDP and MgGDP have yielded values for the association (10(6)-10(7) M-1 s-1) and dissociation (10(-3)-10(-5) s-1) rate constants at 0 degrees C. Dramatic differences in the rate constants were not observed for the three proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	59-62
3028791-8	1987	These results have been used to construct a model for the interactions of Mg X GDP with the active site of p21 proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	107-110
3102232-8	1987	Furthermore, purified elF-2 contains about 0.3 mol bound GDP/mol suggesting a high affinity of the factor for this nucleotide.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	ETS-related transcription factor Elf-2	Oryctolagus cuniculus	22-27
3593294-6	1987	The in vitro effect of erythropoietin, however, was abolished by GDP (S) and extensive washing of the membranes made hormone action GTP-dependent.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-72	erythropoietin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	23-37
3539595-5	1986	EF-1 beta, the factor enhancing the EF-1 alpha GDP/GTP exchange, is part of EF-1H and of smaller aggregates.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2	Bos taurus	0-9
3647910-2	1987	Two mechanisms have been considered--first a displacement reaction in which eIF-2B displaces GDP and GTP in a manner analogous to a "ping-pong" enzyme mechanism, and secondly the possibility that binding of eIF-2B to eIF-2 nucleotide complexes enhances the rate of nucleotide exchange without itself inducing nucleotide displacement.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	76-82
3647910-2	1987	Two mechanisms have been considered--first a displacement reaction in which eIF-2B displaces GDP and GTP in a manner analogous to a "ping-pong" enzyme mechanism, and secondly the possibility that binding of eIF-2B to eIF-2 nucleotide complexes enhances the rate of nucleotide exchange without itself inducing nucleotide displacement.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	207-213
3647910-2	1987	Two mechanisms have been considered--first a displacement reaction in which eIF-2B displaces GDP and GTP in a manner analogous to a "ping-pong" enzyme mechanism, and secondly the possibility that binding of eIF-2B to eIF-2 nucleotide complexes enhances the rate of nucleotide exchange without itself inducing nucleotide displacement.	Guanosine Diphosphate	93-96	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	76-81
3647910-8	1987	Minimum rate constants for the formation of eIF-2 X eIF-2B from eIF-2 X GDP and eIF-2 X GTP and reverse reactions are derived.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	44-49
3647910-8	1987	Minimum rate constants for the formation of eIF-2 X eIF-2B from eIF-2 X GDP and eIF-2 X GTP and reverse reactions are derived.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	52-58
3647910-8	1987	Minimum rate constants for the formation of eIF-2 X eIF-2B from eIF-2 X GDP and eIF-2 X GTP and reverse reactions are derived.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	52-57
3647910-8	1987	Minimum rate constants for the formation of eIF-2 X eIF-2B from eIF-2 X GDP and eIF-2 X GTP and reverse reactions are derived.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	52-57
3024979-4	1986	EF-1 alpha displays a much higher GTPase turnover than EF-Tu in the absence of aminoacyl-tRNA (aa-tRNA) and ribosomes (intrinsic GTPase activity); this is due to the higher exchange rate between bound GDP and free GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	201-204	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Bos taurus	55-60
3024979-8	1986	In the absence of aa-tRNA the rate-limiting step of the GTPase turnover appears to be the hydrolysis of GTP, whereas in its presence the GDP/GTP exchange reaction becomes rate-limiting, since addition of EF-1 beta enhances turnover GTPase activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	137-140	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2	Bos taurus	204-213
3641717-5	1986	EF-1 beta strongly enhances the dissociation rate of the EF-1 alpha X GDP complex and to a lesser extent of the EF-1 alpha X GTP complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2	Bos taurus	0-9
3533923-2	1986	Approximately 70% of GTP binding and autokinase activities of p21 were inactivated by NEM, and excessive amounts of GTP or GDP protected p21 activities.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	62-65
3533923-2	1986	Approximately 70% of GTP binding and autokinase activities of p21 were inactivated by NEM, and excessive amounts of GTP or GDP protected p21 activities.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	137-140
3096034-8	1986	At 3 weeks of age, [3H]guanosine diphosphate binding capacity in BAT mitochondria was reduced by 60% in TRH-treated rats and was associated with reduced mitochondrial levels of alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase and liver cytochrome C reductase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-44	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	104-107
3525557-4	1986	However, in low Mg2+ (0.5 microM) the exchange rate is dramatically increased and the half-life of the p21N-ras X GDP complex is less than 30 s. Furthermore, in low Mg2+, the relative binding affinity of the protein for GTP as compared to GDP is increased 10-fold.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	mucin 7, secreted	Homo sapiens	16-19
3148932-4	1986	The alpha chains contain four short regions of sequence homologous to regions in the GDP binding domain of bacterial elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu).	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	117-137
3148932-4	1986	The alpha chains contain four short regions of sequence homologous to regions in the GDP binding domain of bacterial elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu).	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	139-144
3148932-5	1986	Similarities between the predicted secondary structures of these regions in alpha avg and the known secondary structure of EF-Tu allowed us to construct a three-dimensional model of the GDP binding domain of alpha avg.	Guanosine Diphosphate	186-189	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	123-128
3525557-4	1986	However, in low Mg2+ (0.5 microM) the exchange rate is dramatically increased and the half-life of the p21N-ras X GDP complex is less than 30 s. Furthermore, in low Mg2+, the relative binding affinity of the protein for GTP as compared to GDP is increased 10-fold.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	mucin 7, secreted	Homo sapiens	165-168
3711104-6	1986	These results indicate that eIF-2.GDP complex is directly formed on the surface of ribosomes following hydrolysis of GTP bound to a 40 S initiation complex, and that ribosome-bound eIF-2 X GDP complex is an intermediate in polypeptide chain initiation reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	189-192	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	28-33
3092213-5	1986	Although GDP and 5"-guanylyl imidodiphosphate also influence the phosphorylation of these proteins, we present evidence that the effects of p21 ras protein are not simply due to their bound GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	190-193	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	140-147
3711104-1	1986	Studies on the formation and release of the eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF)-2.GDP binary complex formed during eIF-5-mediated assembly of an 80 S initiation complex have been carried out.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	44-80
3711104-2	1986	Incubation of a 40 S initiation complex with eIF-5, in the presence or absence of 60 S ribosomal subunits at 25 degrees C, causes rapid and quantitative hydrolysis of ribosome-bound GTP to form an eIF-2.GDP binary complex and Pi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	203-206	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	45-50
3711104-1	1986	Studies on the formation and release of the eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF)-2.GDP binary complex formed during eIF-5-mediated assembly of an 80 S initiation complex have been carried out.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	114-119
3711104-2	1986	Incubation of a 40 S initiation complex with eIF-5, in the presence or absence of 60 S ribosomal subunits at 25 degrees C, causes rapid and quantitative hydrolysis of ribosome-bound GTP to form an eIF-2.GDP binary complex and Pi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	203-206	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	197-202
3711104-3	1986	Analysis of both reaction products by Sephadex G-200 gel filtration reveals that while Pi is released from ribosomes, the eIF-2.GDP complex remains bound to the ribosomal initiation complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	122-127
3711104-4	1986	The eIF-2.GDP binary complex can however be released from ribosome by subjecting the eIF-5-catalyzed reaction products to either longer periods of incubation at 37 degrees C or sucrose gradient centrifugation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	10-13	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	4-9
3711104-4	1986	The eIF-2.GDP binary complex can however be released from ribosome by subjecting the eIF-5-catalyzed reaction products to either longer periods of incubation at 37 degrees C or sucrose gradient centrifugation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	10-13	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	85-90
3711104-5	1986	Furthermore, addition of a high molar excess of isolated eIF-2.GDP binary complex to a 40 S initiation reaction mixture does not cause exchange of ribosome-bound eIF-2.GDP complex formed by eIF-5-catalyzed hydrolysis of GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	57-62
3711104-6	1986	These results indicate that eIF-2.GDP complex is directly formed on the surface of ribosomes following hydrolysis of GTP bound to a 40 S initiation complex, and that ribosome-bound eIF-2 X GDP complex is an intermediate in polypeptide chain initiation reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	28-33
3711104-6	1986	These results indicate that eIF-2.GDP complex is directly formed on the surface of ribosomes following hydrolysis of GTP bound to a 40 S initiation complex, and that ribosome-bound eIF-2 X GDP complex is an intermediate in polypeptide chain initiation reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	181-186
3711104-6	1986	These results indicate that eIF-2.GDP complex is directly formed on the surface of ribosomes following hydrolysis of GTP bound to a 40 S initiation complex, and that ribosome-bound eIF-2 X GDP complex is an intermediate in polypeptide chain initiation reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	189-192	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	181-186
3089318-3	1986	An in vitro system is arranged so that its rate of polypeptide synthesis is determined by the release rate of GDP from EF-Tu in the absence of EF-Ts.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	119-124
3015261-4	1986	The mode of transducin interaction with bleached rhodopsin also depends on the nature of the bound guanyl nucleotide: in the presence of GDP rhodopsin-containing membranes bind 70-100% of transducin, whereas in the presence of Gpp(NH)p the membranes bind only 13% of the protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	137-140	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	49-58
3015261-4	1986	The mode of transducin interaction with bleached rhodopsin also depends on the nature of the bound guanyl nucleotide: in the presence of GDP rhodopsin-containing membranes bind 70-100% of transducin, whereas in the presence of Gpp(NH)p the membranes bind only 13% of the protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	137-140	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	141-150
3015261-5	1986	The experimental results suggest that GDP and GTP convert transducin into two different functional states, i.e., the transducin X GTP complex binds to phosphodiesterase causing its stimulation, while the transducin X GDP complex is predominantly bound to rhodopsin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	255-264
3514605-4	1986	These are the rate constant for GTP hydrolysis, which plays an important role in the fidelity of ternary complex selection by the ribosome, and the rate constant for EF-Tu.GDP dissociation from the ribosome, which plays an equally important role in subsequent proofreading of the aa-tRNA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	172-175	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	166-171
3514605-6	1986	These interactions determine the absolute value of the rate constants for GTP hydrolysis and EF-Tu.GDP dissociation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	99-102	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	93-98
3456582-11	1986	The conclusion that MgGTP exerts its effect on eIF-2 alpha kinase is supported by several in vitro findings: (i) 2 mM MgGTP inhibits the autophosphorylation of purified heme-regulated eIF-2 alpha kinase and abolishes its ability to phosphorylate eIF-2 alpha; (ii) 2 mM MgGTP cannot displace GDP in the binary complexes [eIF-2 .	Guanosine Diphosphate	291-294	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Homo sapiens	47-58
3956492-9	1986	The in vitro effect of erythropoietin is abolished by the beta-thio analogue of GDP, GDP[beta S], and extensive washing of membranes makes hormone action GTP-dependent.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	erythropoietin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	23-37
3947361-1	1986	A guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), catalyzing the exchange of GDP bound to initiation factor eIF-2 for GTP, has been isolated from S3 HeLa cells as the eIF-2 X GEF complex and extensively purified by procedures originally developed for purification of GEF from rabbit reticulocytes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	38-41
3947361-1	1986	A guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), catalyzing the exchange of GDP bound to initiation factor eIF-2 for GTP, has been isolated from S3 HeLa cells as the eIF-2 X GEF complex and extensively purified by procedures originally developed for purification of GEF from rabbit reticulocytes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	102-107
3947361-1	1986	A guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), catalyzing the exchange of GDP bound to initiation factor eIF-2 for GTP, has been isolated from S3 HeLa cells as the eIF-2 X GEF complex and extensively purified by procedures originally developed for purification of GEF from rabbit reticulocytes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	161-166
3947361-1	1986	A guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), catalyzing the exchange of GDP bound to initiation factor eIF-2 for GTP, has been isolated from S3 HeLa cells as the eIF-2 X GEF complex and extensively purified by procedures originally developed for purification of GEF from rabbit reticulocytes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	169-172
3947361-1	1986	A guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), catalyzing the exchange of GDP bound to initiation factor eIF-2 for GTP, has been isolated from S3 HeLa cells as the eIF-2 X GEF complex and extensively purified by procedures originally developed for purification of GEF from rabbit reticulocytes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	169-172
3456582-11	1986	The conclusion that MgGTP exerts its effect on eIF-2 alpha kinase is supported by several in vitro findings: (i) 2 mM MgGTP inhibits the autophosphorylation of purified heme-regulated eIF-2 alpha kinase and abolishes its ability to phosphorylate eIF-2 alpha; (ii) 2 mM MgGTP cannot displace GDP in the binary complexes [eIF-2 .	Guanosine Diphosphate	291-294	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Homo sapiens	184-195
3456582-11	1986	The conclusion that MgGTP exerts its effect on eIF-2 alpha kinase is supported by several in vitro findings: (i) 2 mM MgGTP inhibits the autophosphorylation of purified heme-regulated eIF-2 alpha kinase and abolishes its ability to phosphorylate eIF-2 alpha; (ii) 2 mM MgGTP cannot displace GDP in the binary complexes [eIF-2 .	Guanosine Diphosphate	291-294	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Homo sapiens	184-195
3456582-11	1986	The conclusion that MgGTP exerts its effect on eIF-2 alpha kinase is supported by several in vitro findings: (i) 2 mM MgGTP inhibits the autophosphorylation of purified heme-regulated eIF-2 alpha kinase and abolishes its ability to phosphorylate eIF-2 alpha; (ii) 2 mM MgGTP cannot displace GDP in the binary complexes [eIF-2 .	Guanosine Diphosphate	291-294	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	47-52
3333361-10	1986	In the crystal structure of EF-Tu, four peptide loops connecting beta sheets and alpha helices form the pocket for binding GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	28-33
3001052-2	1986	Photo-excited rhodopsin activates a guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G-protein) by catalyzing the exchange of bound GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	14-23
2423011-4	1986	Photoexcited rhodopsin triggers transducin by catalyzing the exchange of GTP for bound GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	13-22
3333361-11	1986	Studies using site-directed mutagenesis and immnochemical probes, indicate that the basic structure of the GDP binding site is conserved between p21 and EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
3333361-11	1986	Studies using site-directed mutagenesis and immnochemical probes, indicate that the basic structure of the GDP binding site is conserved between p21 and EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	153-158
3936483-3	1985	In contrast, labelling of one (liver) or two (brain) polypeptides by IAP was enhanced by guanosine 5"-[beta-thio]diphosphate (GDP[S]) or GTP, but was blocked by GTP[S] or guanosine 5"-[beta, gamma-imido]triphosphate (p[NH]ppG).	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-129	Cd47 molecule	Rattus norvegicus	69-72
3001532-6	1985	This demonstrates the possibility of direct incorporation of GDP-containing tubulin dimer during assembly which probably derives from microtubule-associated protein (MAP)-containing oligomers.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	regulator of microtubule dynamics 1	Homo sapiens	134-164
3001532-6	1985	This demonstrates the possibility of direct incorporation of GDP-containing tubulin dimer during assembly which probably derives from microtubule-associated protein (MAP)-containing oligomers.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	regulator of microtubule dynamics 1	Homo sapiens	166-169
3004412-2	1985	Nucleoside diphosphate (NDP) kinase has been postulated to generate GTP from the GDP bound to tubulin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 2	Gallus gallus	0-35
3936483-9	1985	These results suggest that the undissociated, GDP-bound, conformation of Ni, the inhibitory GTP-binding protein of adenylate cyclase, is the preferred substrate for ADP-ribosylation by IAP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	Cd47 molecule	Rattus norvegicus	185-188
4044568-8	1985	This is interpreted to mean that the rate-determining step in the exchange reaction is the dissociation of EF-Ts from EF-Tu X GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-129	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	118-123
4044568-1	1985	Elongation factor Ts (EF-Ts) catalyzes the reaction EF-Tu X GDP + nucleotide diphosphate (NDP) reversible EF-Tu X NDP + GDP where NDP is GDP, IDP, GTP, or GMP X PCP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	22-27
3926772-7	1985	These findings suggest that the [eIF-2 X GDP] binary complex formed during the assembly of the 80 S initiation complex binds to the 60 S subunit of polyribosomes and is subsequently released by the action of reversing factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	33-38
4044568-1	1985	Elongation factor Ts (EF-Ts) catalyzes the reaction EF-Tu X GDP + nucleotide diphosphate (NDP) reversible EF-Tu X NDP + GDP where NDP is GDP, IDP, GTP, or GMP X PCP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	52-57
4044568-1	1985	Elongation factor Ts (EF-Ts) catalyzes the reaction EF-Tu X GDP + nucleotide diphosphate (NDP) reversible EF-Tu X NDP + GDP where NDP is GDP, IDP, GTP, or GMP X PCP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	106-111
4044568-1	1985	Elongation factor Ts (EF-Ts) catalyzes the reaction EF-Tu X GDP + nucleotide diphosphate (NDP) reversible EF-Tu X NDP + GDP where NDP is GDP, IDP, GTP, or GMP X PCP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	22-27
4044568-1	1985	Elongation factor Ts (EF-Ts) catalyzes the reaction EF-Tu X GDP + nucleotide diphosphate (NDP) reversible EF-Tu X NDP + GDP where NDP is GDP, IDP, GTP, or GMP X PCP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	52-57
4044568-1	1985	Elongation factor Ts (EF-Ts) catalyzes the reaction EF-Tu X GDP + nucleotide diphosphate (NDP) reversible EF-Tu X NDP + GDP where NDP is GDP, IDP, GTP, or GMP X PCP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	106-111
4044568-1	1985	Elongation factor Ts (EF-Ts) catalyzes the reaction EF-Tu X GDP + nucleotide diphosphate (NDP) reversible EF-Tu X NDP + GDP where NDP is GDP, IDP, GTP, or GMP X PCP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	22-27
4044568-1	1985	Elongation factor Ts (EF-Ts) catalyzes the reaction EF-Tu X GDP + nucleotide diphosphate (NDP) reversible EF-Tu X NDP + GDP where NDP is GDP, IDP, GTP, or GMP X PCP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	52-57
4044568-1	1985	Elongation factor Ts (EF-Ts) catalyzes the reaction EF-Tu X GDP + nucleotide diphosphate (NDP) reversible EF-Tu X NDP + GDP where NDP is GDP, IDP, GTP, or GMP X PCP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	106-111
4044568-2	1985	The EF-Ts-catalyzed exchange rates were measured at a series of concentrations of EF-Tu X [3H] GDP and free nucleotide.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	4-9
4044568-4	1985	GDP is a competitive inhibitor of IDP exchange, a result predicted for the substituted enzyme mechanism but inconsistent with ternary complex mechanisms that involve an intermediate complex containing EF-Ts and both substrates.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	201-206
4044568-6	1985	The maximal rates of exchange of GDP and GTP are the same, which indicates that the rates of dissociation of EF-Ts from EF-Tu X GDP and EF-Tu X GTP are the same.	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-36	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	109-114
4044568-6	1985	The maximal rates of exchange of GDP and GTP are the same, which indicates that the rates of dissociation of EF-Ts from EF-Tu X GDP and EF-Tu X GTP are the same.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	109-114
4044568-6	1985	The maximal rates of exchange of GDP and GTP are the same, which indicates that the rates of dissociation of EF-Ts from EF-Tu X GDP and EF-Tu X GTP are the same.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	120-125
4044568-7	1985	The steady-state maximal exchange rate is slower by a factor of 20 than the previously reported rate of dissociation of GDP from EF-Ts X EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	129-134
4044568-7	1985	The steady-state maximal exchange rate is slower by a factor of 20 than the previously reported rate of dissociation of GDP from EF-Ts X EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	137-142
4044568-8	1985	This is interpreted to mean that the rate-determining step in the exchange reaction is the dissociation of EF-Ts from EF-Tu X GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-129	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	107-112
3894350-2	1985	Equilibrium dialysis and protection from heat inactivation and proteolysis show that initiation factor 2 (IF-2) interacts not only with GTP but also with GDP and that its conformation is changed upon binding of either nucleotide.	Guanosine Diphosphate	154-157	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	106-110
3848434-9	1985	The phosphorylation of eIF-2 alpha inhibits polypeptide chain initiation by preventing dissociation of eIF-2.GDP from either free 60 S subunits (thus inhibiting subunit joining directly) or the 60 S subunit component of an 80 S initiation complex (thereby blocking elongation and resulting in the dissociation of the 80 S complex).	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Oryctolagus cuniculus	23-34
3927300-4	1985	Furthermore, binding of the antibody to p21 was specifically inhibited by GTP or GDP, suggesting that amino acids around position 12 are part of the GTP/GDP binding site.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
3927300-4	1985	Furthermore, binding of the antibody to p21 was specifically inhibited by GTP or GDP, suggesting that amino acids around position 12 are part of the GTP/GDP binding site.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
3894350-3	1985	The apparent Ka (at 25 degrees C) for the IF-2 X GDP and IF-2 X GTP complexes was 8.0 X 10(4) and 7.0 X 10(3) M(-1), respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	42-46
3894350-7	1985	IF-2 binds to ribosomal particles with decreasing affinity: 30 S greater than 70 S greater than 50 S. GTP and GDP have no effect on the binding to 70 S. GTP stimulates the binding to the 30 S and depresses somewhat the binding to the 50 S subunits; GDP has the opposite effect.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	0-4
3894350-7	1985	IF-2 binds to ribosomal particles with decreasing affinity: 30 S greater than 70 S greater than 50 S. GTP and GDP have no effect on the binding to 70 S. GTP stimulates the binding to the 30 S and depresses somewhat the binding to the 50 S subunits; GDP has the opposite effect.	Guanosine Diphosphate	249-252	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	0-4
3894350-10	1985	At low concentrations of IF-2 and 30 S subunits, GDP inhibits this reaction, acting as a strong competitive inhibitor of GTP (Ki = 1.25 X 10(-5)m) and preventing IF-2 from binding to the ribosomal subunit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	25-29
3894350-10	1985	At low concentrations of IF-2 and 30 S subunits, GDP inhibits this reaction, acting as a strong competitive inhibitor of GTP (Ki = 1.25 X 10(-5)m) and preventing IF-2 from binding to the ribosomal subunit.	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B	Homo sapiens	162-166
3924910-7	1985	GTP/GDP exchange at the G-protein after interaction with rhodopsin does not reduce the accessibility of the relevant SH group.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	57-66
3162096-3	1985	The purified p21 possesses full biochemical activities of GTP/GDP binding, autokinase, and GTPase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	13-16
3925790-5	1985	However, the concentration of thermogenin in isolated mitochondria was unchanged by fasting or exposure of the mice to 33 degrees C for 48 h. By contrast, marked reduction in [3H]GDP binding to isolated mitochondria were observed after exposure of the mice to 33 degrees C. Mice acclimated at 4 but not those acclimated at 21 degrees C showed reduction in GDP binding to isolated mitochondria during fasting.	Guanosine Diphosphate	179-182	uncoupling protein 1 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	30-41
3844338-9	1985	Consideration of the kinetic parameters favours the formation of a ternary complex of eIF-2 X eIF-2B X GDP en route to eIF-2 X GTP as opposed to displacement of GDP from eIF-2 X GDP by eIF-2B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	86-91
3846595-8	1985	The exchange of bound GDP with GTP in solution in the presence of EF-Ts was also examined.	Guanosine Diphosphate	22-25	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	66-71
3844338-1	1985	Published data dealing with the formation of the ternary complex eIF-2 X GTP X met-tRNAi involved in eukaryotic initiation have been evaluated to calculate the expected inhibition by GDP and the role of eIF-2B in limiting this inhibition.	Guanosine Diphosphate	183-186	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	65-70
3844338-3	1985	However, derivation of "on" and "off" rates for the interaction of GTP and GDP with eIF-2 demonstrates that these are too slow in the absence of eIF-2B to support active protein synthesis, particularly if eIF-2 is released from ribosomes as eIF-2 X GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	84-89
3844338-9	1985	Consideration of the kinetic parameters favours the formation of a ternary complex of eIF-2 X eIF-2B X GDP en route to eIF-2 X GTP as opposed to displacement of GDP from eIF-2 X GDP by eIF-2B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	94-100
3844338-3	1985	However, derivation of "on" and "off" rates for the interaction of GTP and GDP with eIF-2 demonstrates that these are too slow in the absence of eIF-2B to support active protein synthesis, particularly if eIF-2 is released from ribosomes as eIF-2 X GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	249-252	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	84-89
3844338-9	1985	Consideration of the kinetic parameters favours the formation of a ternary complex of eIF-2 X eIF-2B X GDP en route to eIF-2 X GTP as opposed to displacement of GDP from eIF-2 X GDP by eIF-2B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	94-99
3844338-5	1985	Addition of eIF-2B has the effect of raising k-1 for both GDP and GTP several hundred-fold and k+1 50- and 7000-fold, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	12-18
3844338-9	1985	Consideration of the kinetic parameters favours the formation of a ternary complex of eIF-2 X eIF-2B X GDP en route to eIF-2 X GTP as opposed to displacement of GDP from eIF-2 X GDP by eIF-2B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	94-99
3844338-9	1985	Consideration of the kinetic parameters favours the formation of a ternary complex of eIF-2 X eIF-2B X GDP en route to eIF-2 X GTP as opposed to displacement of GDP from eIF-2 X GDP by eIF-2B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit delta	Homo sapiens	185-191
3844338-9	1985	Consideration of the kinetic parameters favours the formation of a ternary complex of eIF-2 X eIF-2B X GDP en route to eIF-2 X GTP as opposed to displacement of GDP from eIF-2 X GDP by eIF-2B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	161-164	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	86-91
3844338-9	1985	Consideration of the kinetic parameters favours the formation of a ternary complex of eIF-2 X eIF-2B X GDP en route to eIF-2 X GTP as opposed to displacement of GDP from eIF-2 X GDP by eIF-2B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	161-164	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	86-91
3919594-2	1985	In mitochondria isolated from both cold-acclimated (3 wk at 4 degrees C) and cold-exposed rats (24 h), an increase in thermogenin content was observable, both when estimated by the [3H]GDP-binding method and by the ELISA assay, and there was no statistically significant difference in the magnitude of these increases in the two methods.	Guanosine Diphosphate	185-188	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	118-129
3919594-4	1985	When the amount of thermogenin was plotted against [3H]GDP binding in the different states, a relationship of 75,000 g thermogenin per mole GDP bound was obtained.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	19-30
3919594-4	1985	When the amount of thermogenin was plotted against [3H]GDP binding in the different states, a relationship of 75,000 g thermogenin per mole GDP bound was obtained.	Guanosine Diphosphate	55-58	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	119-130
3919594-4	1985	When the amount of thermogenin was plotted against [3H]GDP binding in the different states, a relationship of 75,000 g thermogenin per mole GDP bound was obtained.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	19-30
3919594-4	1985	When the amount of thermogenin was plotted against [3H]GDP binding in the different states, a relationship of 75,000 g thermogenin per mole GDP bound was obtained.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	119-130
3844406-1	1985	The formation and release of an eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF)-2 X GDP binary complex during eIF-5-mediated assembly of an 80 S ribosomal polypeptide chain initiation complex have been studied by sucrose gradient centrifugation analysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	97-102
3844406-3	1985	Sucrose gradient analysis of reaction products revealed that GDP was released from ribosomes as an eIF-2 X GDP complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	107-110	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	99-104
3844406-2	1985	Isolated 40 S initiation complex reacts with eIF-5 and 60 S ribosomal subunits to form an 80 S ribosomal initiation complex with concomitant hydrolysis of an equimolar amount of bound GTP to GDP and Pi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	191-194	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	45-50
3844406-4	1985	Evidence is presented that eIF-5-mediated hydrolysis releases the GTP bound to the 40 S initiation complex as an intact eIF-2 X GDP complex rather than as free GDP and eIF-2 which subsequently recombine to form the binary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	27-32
3844406-4	1985	Evidence is presented that eIF-5-mediated hydrolysis releases the GTP bound to the 40 S initiation complex as an intact eIF-2 X GDP complex rather than as free GDP and eIF-2 which subsequently recombine to form the binary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	120-125
3844406-3	1985	Sucrose gradient analysis of reaction products revealed that GDP was released from ribosomes as an eIF-2 X GDP complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	99-104
3844406-4	1985	Evidence is presented that eIF-5-mediated hydrolysis releases the GTP bound to the 40 S initiation complex as an intact eIF-2 X GDP complex rather than as free GDP and eIF-2 which subsequently recombine to form the binary complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	160-163	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	27-32
3844406-5	1985	Furthermore, formation and release of eIF-2 X GDP from the ribosomal complex do not require concomitant formation of an 80 S initiation complex since both reactions occur efficiently when the 40 S initiation complex reacts with eIF-5 in the absence of 60 S ribosomal subunits.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	38-43
3844406-5	1985	Furthermore, formation and release of eIF-2 X GDP from the ribosomal complex do not require concomitant formation of an 80 S initiation complex since both reactions occur efficiently when the 40 S initiation complex reacts with eIF-5 in the absence of 60 S ribosomal subunits.	Guanosine Diphosphate	46-49	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	228-233
3919305-1	1985	Mammalian ras oncogenes encode polypeptides of relative molecular mass (Mr) 21,000 (p21) which bind GTP and GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
3919305-6	1985	We report here that the N-terminal domain of SC1 binds GTP and GDP and has a GTP hydrolytic activity that is reduced in the variants SC1[Thr 66] and SC1[Leu 68] which are analogous to oncogenic Ha[Thr 59] and Ha[Leu 61], respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	transcription factor 19	Homo sapiens	45-48
3938969-10	1985	In the presence of G beta gamma and photolyzed rhodopsin, GDP and GDP beta S, but not Gpp(NH)p and GTP gamma S, increased the ADP-ribosylation of Gi alpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	succinate-CoA ligase GDP-forming subunit beta	Homo sapiens	19-25
3919305-6	1985	We report here that the N-terminal domain of SC1 binds GTP and GDP and has a GTP hydrolytic activity that is reduced in the variants SC1[Thr 66] and SC1[Leu 68] which are analogous to oncogenic Ha[Thr 59] and Ha[Leu 61], respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	transcription factor 19	Homo sapiens	133-136
3919305-6	1985	We report here that the N-terminal domain of SC1 binds GTP and GDP and has a GTP hydrolytic activity that is reduced in the variants SC1[Thr 66] and SC1[Leu 68] which are analogous to oncogenic Ha[Thr 59] and Ha[Leu 61], respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	transcription factor 19	Homo sapiens	133-136
2983663-2	1985	Light-activated hydrolysis of cyclic GMP is achieved through the photoexcitation of rhodopsin, a process which then triggers the replacement of GDP for GTP by a retinal guanosine 5"-triphosphatase referred to as "transducin".	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	84-93
3938969-10	1985	In the presence of G beta gamma and photolyzed rhodopsin, GDP and GDP beta S, but not Gpp(NH)p and GTP gamma S, increased the ADP-ribosylation of Gi alpha.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	47-56
6101245-1	1984	Mode of action of eRF, an eIF-2-recycling factor from rabbit reticulocytes involved in GDP/GTP exchange.	Guanosine Diphosphate	87-90	ETS domain-containing transcription factor ERF	Oryctolagus cuniculus	18-21
6101245-9	1984	eRF forms a complex with eIF-2 which results in a decrease of the affinity of eIF-2 for GDP, giving it the properties of a GDP/GTP exchange factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	ETS domain-containing transcription factor ERF	Oryctolagus cuniculus	0-3
6101245-9	1984	eRF forms a complex with eIF-2 which results in a decrease of the affinity of eIF-2 for GDP, giving it the properties of a GDP/GTP exchange factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	ETS domain-containing transcription factor ERF	Oryctolagus cuniculus	0-3
6090950-2	1984	Photoexcited rhodopsin (R*) binds to a multisubunit membrane protein called transducin (T) and stimulates the exchange of a bound GDP molecule for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	130-133	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	13-22
6101245-10	1984	The model stresses the catalytic use of eIF-2 in initiation provided that conditions are met for GDP/GTP exchange by a transient complex formation between eIF-2 and eRF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	ETS domain-containing transcription factor ERF	Oryctolagus cuniculus	165-168
6548713-1	1984	In the presence of GTP, GDP, GMPP(NH)P, GMPP(CH2)P, GMPP(S)P but not in the presence of GMP, cGMP or ATP, the high affinity binding of neuropeptide Y (NPY) was reduced in a dose-dependent manner.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	neuropeptide Y	Rattus norvegicus	135-149
6092068-3	1984	Nevertheless, microtubule assembly can be observed in the presence of ATP as the only nucleotide triphosphate, due to the nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDP kinase) present in microtubule preparations, and which phosphorylates the GDP into GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	231-234	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 1	Sus scrofa	122-151
6092068-3	1984	Nevertheless, microtubule assembly can be observed in the presence of ATP as the only nucleotide triphosphate, due to the nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDP kinase) present in microtubule preparations, and which phosphorylates the GDP into GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	231-234	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 1	Sus scrofa	153-163
6591195-8	1984	Based on these observations, we have suggested (a) RF provides the unphosphorylated alpha-subunit to eIF-2 alpha (P) X GDP and restores eIF-2 activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Oryctolagus cuniculus	101-112
6148751-2	1984	The purified protein molecules possess intrinsic GTPase activity on the basis of the following criteria: (i) elution of the GTPase activity with p21 GDP-binding activity in two different chromatography systems, (ii) parallel thermal inactivation of GTPase activity and p21 GTP-binding activity, and (iii) immunoprecipitation of the GTPase activity with monoclonal antibodies to p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	149-152	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
6089779-4	1984	The ratio between thermogenin and GDP binding was 61 000 and 53 000 g/mol in the two cases; these values were not significantly different and were in good agreement with suggestions that thermogenin binds 1 GDP per thermogenin dimer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	187-198
6088496-6	1984	eIF-2B, a 280,000-dalton polypeptide complex required for GTP:GDP exchange, also protects the beta subunit phosphorylation site from the purified phosphatase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	0-6
6089779-4	1984	The ratio between thermogenin and GDP binding was 61 000 and 53 000 g/mol in the two cases; these values were not significantly different and were in good agreement with suggestions that thermogenin binds 1 GDP per thermogenin dimer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	187-198
6089779-4	1984	The ratio between thermogenin and GDP binding was 61 000 and 53 000 g/mol in the two cases; these values were not significantly different and were in good agreement with suggestions that thermogenin binds 1 GDP per thermogenin dimer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	207-210	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	18-29
6089779-4	1984	The ratio between thermogenin and GDP binding was 61 000 and 53 000 g/mol in the two cases; these values were not significantly different and were in good agreement with suggestions that thermogenin binds 1 GDP per thermogenin dimer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	207-210	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	187-198
6089779-4	1984	The ratio between thermogenin and GDP binding was 61 000 and 53 000 g/mol in the two cases; these values were not significantly different and were in good agreement with suggestions that thermogenin binds 1 GDP per thermogenin dimer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	207-210	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	187-198
6377304-4	1984	In the case of elongation factor Tu X GDP X kirromycin, cross-linking was found at lysine-208; in elongation factor Tu X GTP X kirromycin, cross-linking was at lysine-208 and lysine-237.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	15-35
6146263-3	1984	Activation of cyclase proceeds until GTP is hydrolyzed to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	mitochondrial ribosome associated GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	37-40
6725267-1	1984	The capacity of whole reticulocyte lysates to catalyze the dissociation of exogenously added eIF-2 X [3H]GDP was determined as a measure of their reversing factor (RF) activity in the recycling of eIF-2 for the maintenance or restoration of protein synthesis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	93-98
6238021-1	1984	The active site of the myosin subfragment-1 ATPase was affinity-labeled with ribose-modified fluorescent analogs of ADP, dADP, CDP, UDP, IDP, and GDP in combination with vanadate, forming a stable myosin-nucleoside diphosphate-vanadate complex that is analogous to the normal myosin-ADP-Pi intermediate [Hiratsuka, T. (1984) J. Biochem.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	myosin heavy chain 14	Homo sapiens	23-29
6238021-1	1984	The active site of the myosin subfragment-1 ATPase was affinity-labeled with ribose-modified fluorescent analogs of ADP, dADP, CDP, UDP, IDP, and GDP in combination with vanadate, forming a stable myosin-nucleoside diphosphate-vanadate complex that is analogous to the normal myosin-ADP-Pi intermediate [Hiratsuka, T. (1984) J. Biochem.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	myosin heavy chain 14	Homo sapiens	197-203
6238021-1	1984	The active site of the myosin subfragment-1 ATPase was affinity-labeled with ribose-modified fluorescent analogs of ADP, dADP, CDP, UDP, IDP, and GDP in combination with vanadate, forming a stable myosin-nucleoside diphosphate-vanadate complex that is analogous to the normal myosin-ADP-Pi intermediate [Hiratsuka, T. (1984) J. Biochem.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	myosin heavy chain 14	Homo sapiens	197-203
6725267-3	1984	A direct correlation was found between a lysate"s capacity to synthesize protein and its ability to stimulate the dissociation of eIF-2 X GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	130-135
6323160-3	1984	These replacements substantially lower the affinity of EF-Tu.GDP for the antibiotic kirromycin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	55-60
6425400-8	1984	Incubation of purified B cells (stimulated with TRF) with dGuo leads to increased intracellular levels of guanosine di- and triphosphate (GDP and GTP), whereas deoxyguanosine triphosphate (dGTP) levels remain low.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	48-51
6705799-6	1984	The results in combination with available data indicate that EF-2 has two binding states with different affinities on the 80S ribosome: a high-affinity pre-translocation state specific for EF-2 X GTP and a low-affinity post-translocation state, in which EF-2 X GDP is bound to the ribosome in a less stable and specific complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	261-264	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	61-65
6323425-4	1984	Guanyl nucleotides inhibited TRH binding up to 80%, with guanyl-5"-yl imidodiphosphate (Gpp(NH)p) approximately GTP much greater than GDP approximately ATP greater than GMP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	29-32
6419783-7	1984	The inhibitory activity of GDP and GDP analogs in ddGTP-supported polymerization was much greater in the absence of microtubule-associated proteins than in their presence; and both reactions were more readily inhibited than was microtubule-associated protein-dependent, GTP-supported polymerization.	Guanosine Diphosphate	27-30	regulator of microtubule dynamics 1	Homo sapiens	116-146
6419783-7	1984	The inhibitory activity of GDP and GDP analogs in ddGTP-supported polymerization was much greater in the absence of microtubule-associated proteins than in their presence; and both reactions were more readily inhibited than was microtubule-associated protein-dependent, GTP-supported polymerization.	Guanosine Diphosphate	35-38	regulator of microtubule dynamics 1	Homo sapiens	116-146
6319133-3	1984	ATP was the optimum substrate for the tonoplast ATPase, but there was also evidence for tonoplast-bound GDP-hydrolyzing and GTP-hydrolyzing enzymes which can interfere with the ATPase assay.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	dynein axonemal heavy chain 8	Homo sapiens	48-54
6319133-3	1984	ATP was the optimum substrate for the tonoplast ATPase, but there was also evidence for tonoplast-bound GDP-hydrolyzing and GTP-hydrolyzing enzymes which can interfere with the ATPase assay.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	dynein axonemal heavy chain 8	Homo sapiens	177-183
6323160-11	1984	In the presence of kirromycin this mutant species of EF-Tu.GDP does not bind to the ribosome, in contrast to its wild-type counterpart.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	53-58
6320181-5	1984	To understand the nature of the molecular lesion in eIF-2-alpha phosphorylation we used a system of pure components in which the rate of exchange of eIF-2-bound [3H]GDP with unlabeled GDP (via the reaction eIF-2-GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2-GEF + GDP) was measured by using mixtures of eIF-2(alpha P) X [eH]GDP and eIF-2 X [3H]GDP in different proportions at constant concentration of eIF-2 X GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	149-154
6320181-5	1984	To understand the nature of the molecular lesion in eIF-2-alpha phosphorylation we used a system of pure components in which the rate of exchange of eIF-2-bound [3H]GDP with unlabeled GDP (via the reaction eIF-2-GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2-GEF + GDP) was measured by using mixtures of eIF-2(alpha P) X [eH]GDP and eIF-2 X [3H]GDP in different proportions at constant concentration of eIF-2 X GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	149-154
6320181-6	1984	If, for example, the ratio of eIF-2 X GEF to total (phosphorylated and unphosphorylated) eIF-2 X [3H]GDP was 0.25, the exchange was found to be maximally inhibited when the proportion of eIF-2(alpha P) X [3H]GDP in hte mixture reached 25%.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	30-35
6320181-5	1984	To understand the nature of the molecular lesion in eIF-2-alpha phosphorylation we used a system of pure components in which the rate of exchange of eIF-2-bound [3H]GDP with unlabeled GDP (via the reaction eIF-2-GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2-GEF + GDP) was measured by using mixtures of eIF-2(alpha P) X [eH]GDP and eIF-2 X [3H]GDP in different proportions at constant concentration of eIF-2 X GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	149-154
6320181-6	1984	If, for example, the ratio of eIF-2 X GEF to total (phosphorylated and unphosphorylated) eIF-2 X [3H]GDP was 0.25, the exchange was found to be maximally inhibited when the proportion of eIF-2(alpha P) X [3H]GDP in hte mixture reached 25%.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	38-41
6320181-6	1984	If, for example, the ratio of eIF-2 X GEF to total (phosphorylated and unphosphorylated) eIF-2 X [3H]GDP was 0.25, the exchange was found to be maximally inhibited when the proportion of eIF-2(alpha P) X [3H]GDP in hte mixture reached 25%.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	89-94
6320181-5	1984	To understand the nature of the molecular lesion in eIF-2-alpha phosphorylation we used a system of pure components in which the rate of exchange of eIF-2-bound [3H]GDP with unlabeled GDP (via the reaction eIF-2-GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2-GEF + GDP) was measured by using mixtures of eIF-2(alpha P) X [eH]GDP and eIF-2 X [3H]GDP in different proportions at constant concentration of eIF-2 X GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	149-154
6320181-6	1984	If, for example, the ratio of eIF-2 X GEF to total (phosphorylated and unphosphorylated) eIF-2 X [3H]GDP was 0.25, the exchange was found to be maximally inhibited when the proportion of eIF-2(alpha P) X [3H]GDP in hte mixture reached 25%.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	89-94
6320181-5	1984	To understand the nature of the molecular lesion in eIF-2-alpha phosphorylation we used a system of pure components in which the rate of exchange of eIF-2-bound [3H]GDP with unlabeled GDP (via the reaction eIF-2-GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2-GEF + GDP) was measured by using mixtures of eIF-2(alpha P) X [eH]GDP and eIF-2 X [3H]GDP in different proportions at constant concentration of eIF-2 X GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	149-154
6320181-6	1984	If, for example, the ratio of eIF-2 X GEF to total (phosphorylated and unphosphorylated) eIF-2 X [3H]GDP was 0.25, the exchange was found to be maximally inhibited when the proportion of eIF-2(alpha P) X [3H]GDP in hte mixture reached 25%.	Guanosine Diphosphate	208-211	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	30-35
6320181-6	1984	If, for example, the ratio of eIF-2 X GEF to total (phosphorylated and unphosphorylated) eIF-2 X [3H]GDP was 0.25, the exchange was found to be maximally inhibited when the proportion of eIF-2(alpha P) X [3H]GDP in hte mixture reached 25%.	Guanosine Diphosphate	208-211	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	38-41
6320181-6	1984	If, for example, the ratio of eIF-2 X GEF to total (phosphorylated and unphosphorylated) eIF-2 X [3H]GDP was 0.25, the exchange was found to be maximally inhibited when the proportion of eIF-2(alpha P) X [3H]GDP in hte mixture reached 25%.	Guanosine Diphosphate	208-211	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	89-94
6320181-6	1984	If, for example, the ratio of eIF-2 X GEF to total (phosphorylated and unphosphorylated) eIF-2 X [3H]GDP was 0.25, the exchange was found to be maximally inhibited when the proportion of eIF-2(alpha P) X [3H]GDP in hte mixture reached 25%.	Guanosine Diphosphate	208-211	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	89-94
6320181-8	1984	In the absence of free GEF, eIF-2 would not be able to recycle and initiation would come to a standstill when the available eIF-2 is tied up as eIF-2 X GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	152-155	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	124-129
6320181-8	1984	In the absence of free GEF, eIF-2 would not be able to recycle and initiation would come to a standstill when the available eIF-2 is tied up as eIF-2 X GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	152-155	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	124-129
6320181-10	1984	Incubation of eIF-2 X GEF with excess [3H]GDP leads to the formation of eIF-2 X [3H] GDP and free GEF and, if eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GDP is also present, all of the GEF is converted to eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	14-19
6320181-10	1984	Incubation of eIF-2 X GEF with excess [3H]GDP leads to the formation of eIF-2 X [3H] GDP and free GEF and, if eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GDP is also present, all of the GEF is converted to eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	22-25
6320181-10	1984	Incubation of eIF-2 X GEF with excess [3H]GDP leads to the formation of eIF-2 X [3H] GDP and free GEF and, if eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GDP is also present, all of the GEF is converted to eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	72-77
6320181-10	1984	Incubation of eIF-2 X GEF with excess [3H]GDP leads to the formation of eIF-2 X [3H] GDP and free GEF and, if eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GDP is also present, all of the GEF is converted to eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	98-101
6320181-10	1984	Incubation of eIF-2 X GEF with excess [3H]GDP leads to the formation of eIF-2 X [3H] GDP and free GEF and, if eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GDP is also present, all of the GEF is converted to eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	72-77
6320181-10	1984	Incubation of eIF-2 X GEF with excess [3H]GDP leads to the formation of eIF-2 X [3H] GDP and free GEF and, if eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GDP is also present, all of the GEF is converted to eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	14-19
6320181-10	1984	Incubation of eIF-2 X GEF with excess [3H]GDP leads to the formation of eIF-2 X [3H] GDP and free GEF and, if eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GDP is also present, all of the GEF is converted to eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	98-101
6320181-10	1984	Incubation of eIF-2 X GEF with excess [3H]GDP leads to the formation of eIF-2 X [3H] GDP and free GEF and, if eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GDP is also present, all of the GEF is converted to eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	181-203
6320181-10	1984	Incubation of eIF-2 X GEF with excess [3H]GDP leads to the formation of eIF-2 X [3H] GDP and free GEF and, if eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GDP is also present, all of the GEF is converted to eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	22-25
6320181-10	1984	Incubation of eIF-2 X GEF with excess [3H]GDP leads to the formation of eIF-2 X [3H] GDP and free GEF and, if eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GDP is also present, all of the GEF is converted to eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	72-77
6320181-10	1984	Incubation of eIF-2 X GEF with excess [3H]GDP leads to the formation of eIF-2 X [3H] GDP and free GEF and, if eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GDP is also present, all of the GEF is converted to eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	72-77
6320181-10	1984	Incubation of eIF-2 X GEF with excess [3H]GDP leads to the formation of eIF-2 X [3H] GDP and free GEF and, if eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GDP is also present, all of the GEF is converted to eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	14-19
6320181-10	1984	Incubation of eIF-2 X GEF with excess [3H]GDP leads to the formation of eIF-2 X [3H] GDP and free GEF and, if eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GDP is also present, all of the GEF is converted to eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	22-25
6320181-10	1984	Incubation of eIF-2 X GEF with excess [3H]GDP leads to the formation of eIF-2 X [3H] GDP and free GEF and, if eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GDP is also present, all of the GEF is converted to eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	72-77
6320181-10	1984	Incubation of eIF-2 X GEF with excess [3H]GDP leads to the formation of eIF-2 X [3H] GDP and free GEF and, if eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GDP is also present, all of the GEF is converted to eIF-2(alpha 32P) X GEF.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	72-77
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	60-65
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	68-71
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	93-98
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	107-110
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	107-110
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	93-98
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	107-110
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	219-239
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	107-110
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	93-98
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	60-65
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	68-71
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	93-98
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	107-110
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	107-110
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	93-98
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	107-110
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	219-239
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	107-110
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	93-98
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	60-65
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	68-71
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	93-98
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	107-110
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	107-110
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	93-98
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	107-110
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	219-239
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	107-110
6320181-11	1984	This suggests that, whereas the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2 X GEF + GDP in equilibrium eIF-2 X GDP + GEF favors the formation of free GEF, the equilibrium of the reaction eIF-2(alpha P) X GDP + GEF in equilibrium eIF-2(alpha P) X GEF + GDP is in favor of the association of GEF to eIF-2(alpha P).	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	93-98
6315431-4	1983	Previous work on cattle rod outer segments has shown that photoexcited rhodopsin (R*), in a state identified with metarhodopsin II, associates with the G protein as a first step to the light-activated GDP/GTP exchange on G. The complex R*-G is stable in absence of GTP, but is rapidly dissociated by GTP owing to the GDP/GTP exchange reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	201-204	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	71-80
6315431-4	1983	Previous work on cattle rod outer segments has shown that photoexcited rhodopsin (R*), in a state identified with metarhodopsin II, associates with the G protein as a first step to the light-activated GDP/GTP exchange on G. The complex R*-G is stable in absence of GTP, but is rapidly dissociated by GTP owing to the GDP/GTP exchange reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	317-320	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	71-80
6626154-10	1983	The formation of the "metachromatic complex" between Ret-P and Mn(II) or Co(II) inhibited the synthesis of retinyl phosphate mannose (Ret-P-Man) from exogenous and endogenous Ret-P and guanosine diphosphate [14C]mannose when bovine serum albumin was added after the metal ion.	Guanosine Diphosphate	185-206	ret proto-oncogene	Rattus norvegicus	53-56
6626154-10	1983	The formation of the "metachromatic complex" between Ret-P and Mn(II) or Co(II) inhibited the synthesis of retinyl phosphate mannose (Ret-P-Man) from exogenous and endogenous Ret-P and guanosine diphosphate [14C]mannose when bovine serum albumin was added after the metal ion.	Guanosine Diphosphate	185-206	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	73-79
6626154-10	1983	The formation of the "metachromatic complex" between Ret-P and Mn(II) or Co(II) inhibited the synthesis of retinyl phosphate mannose (Ret-P-Man) from exogenous and endogenous Ret-P and guanosine diphosphate [14C]mannose when bovine serum albumin was added after the metal ion.	Guanosine Diphosphate	185-206	ret proto-oncogene	Rattus norvegicus	134-137
6626154-10	1983	The formation of the "metachromatic complex" between Ret-P and Mn(II) or Co(II) inhibited the synthesis of retinyl phosphate mannose (Ret-P-Man) from exogenous and endogenous Ret-P and guanosine diphosphate [14C]mannose when bovine serum albumin was added after the metal ion.	Guanosine Diphosphate	185-206	ret proto-oncogene	Rattus norvegicus	134-137
6310288-8	1983	The results indicate that GDP is not released prior to but rather coincident with formation of the complex of the hormone receptor with the regulatory protein and that enzyme activation proceeds with the same time course as agonist binds to the receptor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1	Homo sapiens	114-130
6136509-4	1983	Previous studies have demonstrated that photolyzed rhodopsin catalyzed the exchange of GTP for GDP bound to transducin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	51-60
6136510-11	1983	These results indicate that the guanine nucleotide binding and rhodopsin binding sites are located in topologically distinct regions of the T alpha subunit and proved evidence that a large conformational transition of the molecule occurs upon the conversion of the bound GDP to GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	271-274	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	63-72
6310406-3	1983	As a result of interaction with a rhodopsin photoproduct (possibly metarhodopsin II380), this GTP-binding protein exchanges a previously bound GDP for a GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-146	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	34-43
6553052-1	1983	Formation of the ternary complex Met-tRNAi X eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 2 X GTP from eIF-2 X GDP requires exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	93-98
6553052-1	1983	Formation of the ternary complex Met-tRNAi X eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 2 X GTP from eIF-2 X GDP requires exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-129	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	93-98
6553052-2	1983	However, at physiological Mg2+ concentrations, GDP is released from eIF-2 exceedingly slowly (Clemens, M.J., Pain, V.M., Wong, S.T., and Henshaw, E.C.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	68-73
6553052-5	1983	However, GDP is released rapidly from impure eIF-2 preparations, indicating the presence of a GDP/GTP exchange factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	45-50
6553052-5	1983	However, GDP is released rapidly from impure eIF-2 preparations, indicating the presence of a GDP/GTP exchange factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	94-97	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	45-50
6553052-11	1983	Purified GEF increased the rate of exchange of [32P] GDP for unlabeled GDP 25-fold but did not function with phosphorylated eIF-2 (alpha subunit).	Guanosine Diphosphate	53-56	rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	9-12
6553052-11	1983	Purified GEF increased the rate of exchange of [32P] GDP for unlabeled GDP 25-fold but did not function with phosphorylated eIF-2 (alpha subunit).	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	9-12
6553052-12	1983	The factor also stimulated markedly the rate of ternary complex formation using eIF-2 X GDP as substrate with GTP and Met-tRNAi but not using phosphorylated eIF-2 X GDP as substrate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	88-91	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	80-85
6553052-14	1983	If eIF-2 X GDP is actually the complex released, then GEF is absolutely required for eIF-2 to cycle and it is therefore a new eukaryotic initiation factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	11-14	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	3-8
6553052-14	1983	If eIF-2 X GDP is actually the complex released, then GEF is absolutely required for eIF-2 to cycle and it is therefore a new eukaryotic initiation factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	11-14	rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2	Mus musculus	54-57
6553052-14	1983	If eIF-2 X GDP is actually the complex released, then GEF is absolutely required for eIF-2 to cycle and it is therefore a new eukaryotic initiation factor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	11-14	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	85-90
6852025-3	1983	In these mitochondria GDP binds to the 32-kDa polypeptide, thermogenin, which regulates coupling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	22-25	uncoupling protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	59-70
6301538-2	1983	The phosphorylation of rhodopsin, the major protein-staining band (Mr approximately 34 000-38 000), was markedly and specifically increased by exposure of rod outer segments to light; various guanine nucleotides (10 microM) including GMP, GDP, and GTP also specifically increased rhodopsin phosphorylation (up to 5-fold).	Guanosine Diphosphate	239-242	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	23-32
6573671-2	1983	In reconstituted in vitro assay mixtures containing Mg2+ (0.25-0.5 mM), RF catalyzes the formation of the binary complex (eIF-2-GDP) but this effect is inhibited when eIF-2 is phosphorylated by the heme-regulated kinase for the alpha-subunit of eIF-2 (HRI).	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	122-127
6573671-3	1983	More significantly, RF catalyzes the rapid dissociation of (eIF-2-GDP), which permits the exchange of GTP for GDP and, in the presence of Met-tRNAf, promotes the formation of the ternary complex (eIF-2-Met-tRNAf X GTP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	60-65
6573671-3	1983	More significantly, RF catalyzes the rapid dissociation of (eIF-2-GDP), which permits the exchange of GTP for GDP and, in the presence of Met-tRNAf, promotes the formation of the ternary complex (eIF-2-Met-tRNAf X GTP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	66-69	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	196-201
6573671-3	1983	More significantly, RF catalyzes the rapid dissociation of (eIF-2-GDP), which permits the exchange of GTP for GDP and, in the presence of Met-tRNAf, promotes the formation of the ternary complex (eIF-2-Met-tRNAf X GTP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	60-65
6573671-3	1983	More significantly, RF catalyzes the rapid dissociation of (eIF-2-GDP), which permits the exchange of GTP for GDP and, in the presence of Met-tRNAf, promotes the formation of the ternary complex (eIF-2-Met-tRNAf X GTP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	196-201
6573671-5	1983	Our results indicate that phosphorylated binary complex [eIF-2(alpha P).GDP] interacts with RF to form a [RF .	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	57-62
6572381-2	1983	However, at physiological Mg2+ concentrations, GDP is known to have approximately equal to 100-fold greater affinity than GTP for eIF-2 and eIF-2 is believed to be released in the form of an eIF-2.GDP complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	130-135
6601965-3	1983	These sites possess high affinity to GDP (Kd less than 10(-6) M) in dark-adapted preparations, and in the presence of bleached rhodopsin they effectively bind the non-hydrolizable analog of GTP--GPP (NH) P (Kd less than 10(-6) M).	Guanosine Diphosphate	37-40	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	127-136
6572381-2	1983	However, at physiological Mg2+ concentrations, GDP is known to have approximately equal to 100-fold greater affinity than GTP for eIF-2 and eIF-2 is believed to be released in the form of an eIF-2.GDP complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	197-200	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	140-145
6572381-2	1983	However, at physiological Mg2+ concentrations, GDP is known to have approximately equal to 100-fold greater affinity than GTP for eIF-2 and eIF-2 is believed to be released in the form of an eIF-2.GDP complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	197-200	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	140-145
6572381-3	1983	Previously, we have shown that initiation factor SP (for eIF-2-stimulating protein) promotes the exchange of eIF-2-bound GDP for GTP and catalyzes ternary complex formation in the presence of Met-tRNAi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	57-62
6572381-3	1983	Previously, we have shown that initiation factor SP (for eIF-2-stimulating protein) promotes the exchange of eIF-2-bound GDP for GTP and catalyzes ternary complex formation in the presence of Met-tRNAi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	109-114
6572381-4	1983	Binding of GDP by eIF-2 is indeed so tight that, as we now show, homogeneous preparations of eIF-2 contain upward of 0.5 mol of GDP/mol of eIF-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	11-14	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	18-23
6572381-4	1983	Binding of GDP by eIF-2 is indeed so tight that, as we now show, homogeneous preparations of eIF-2 contain upward of 0.5 mol of GDP/mol of eIF-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	11-14	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	93-98
6572381-4	1983	Binding of GDP by eIF-2 is indeed so tight that, as we now show, homogeneous preparations of eIF-2 contain upward of 0.5 mol of GDP/mol of eIF-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	11-14	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	93-98
6572381-4	1983	Binding of GDP by eIF-2 is indeed so tight that, as we now show, homogeneous preparations of eIF-2 contain upward of 0.5 mol of GDP/mol of eIF-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	18-23
6572381-4	1983	Binding of GDP by eIF-2 is indeed so tight that, as we now show, homogeneous preparations of eIF-2 contain upward of 0.5 mol of GDP/mol of eIF-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	93-98
6572381-4	1983	Binding of GDP by eIF-2 is indeed so tight that, as we now show, homogeneous preparations of eIF-2 contain upward of 0.5 mol of GDP/mol of eIF-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	93-98
6572381-5	1983	We further show that, in the presence of Mg2+ and catalytic amounts of SP, ternary complex formation conforms to the overall reversible reaction eIF-2.GDP + GTP + Met-tRNAi in equilibrium eIF-2.GTP.Met-tRNAi + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	151-154	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	145-150
6572381-5	1983	We further show that, in the presence of Mg2+ and catalytic amounts of SP, ternary complex formation conforms to the overall reversible reaction eIF-2.GDP + GTP + Met-tRNAi in equilibrium eIF-2.GTP.Met-tRNAi + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	151-154	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	188-193
6551177-4	1983	With complexes formed by using a partially purified preparation of eIF-2 from Ehrlich ascites tumor cells, it is possible to reverse the 40S subunit induced inhibition by creating conditions which eliminate free GDP from the system.	Guanosine Diphosphate	212-215	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	67-72
6296138-5	1983	GDP also inhibited cyclase activity stimulated by NaF with UDP but did only slightly without UDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	50-53
6551177-5	1983	This reversal probably occurs due to exchange of GTP for the GDP bound to the initiation factor, in a reaction catalyzed by another factor present in the eIF-2 preparation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	154-159
6551177-6	1983	However, if the eIF-2 has previously been phosphorylated by the reticulocyte heme-controlled repressor, the 40S subunit induced inhibition cannot be reversed by elimination of free GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	181-184	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	16-21
6890814-9	1982	Significantly lower levels of GTP + GDP and CTP in 6TG-resistant cells than in parent cells 4 hr after the administration of MTX to tumor-bearing mice may be related to the increased MTX sensitivity of these cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	metaxin 1	Mus musculus	125-128
6291624-4	1982	Effects of GTP and GDP were indistinguishable in regard to their inhibitory effects on NaF-stimulated activities.	Guanosine Diphosphate	19-22	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	87-90
6291624-10	1982	GDP was less inhibitory than Gpp(NH)p to the NaF-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	45-48
6291624-13	1982	(3) The nucleotide regulatory site is more inhibitory to the stimulation of the enzyme by NaF when occupied by Gpp[NH]p than GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	125-128	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	90-93
7200884-5	1982	By using GDP analogs where the oxygens at either the alpha-phosphate or the beta-phosphate have been selectively labelled with 17O and measuring their effect on the EPR spectrum of EF-Tu-bound manganese we are able to show that only the beta-phosphate of GDP is coordinated to the metal ion in the EF-Tu .	Guanosine Diphosphate	255-258	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	181-186
6751396-0	1982	Interaction of elongation factor EF-Tu with gamma-amides of GTP and beta-amides of GDP bearing the azidoaryl group or the chloroethylaminoaryl group placed at the terminal phosphate.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	33-38
6751396-6	1982	Azidoaryl analogs of GTP and GDP as well as the chloroethylaminoaryl analog of GTP compete with GDP in the formation of the binary complex EF-Tu.GDP with the respective Ki values 3.9.10(-7) M (I), 2.9.10(-8)M (II), 6.9.10(-7)M (III), 5.0.10(-7)M (IV) and 3.8.10(-8)M (V) relative to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	139-144
6751396-6	1982	Azidoaryl analogs of GTP and GDP as well as the chloroethylaminoaryl analog of GTP compete with GDP in the formation of the binary complex EF-Tu.GDP with the respective Ki values 3.9.10(-7) M (I), 2.9.10(-8)M (II), 6.9.10(-7)M (III), 5.0.10(-7)M (IV) and 3.8.10(-8)M (V) relative to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	139-144
6751396-6	1982	Azidoaryl analogs of GTP and GDP as well as the chloroethylaminoaryl analog of GTP compete with GDP in the formation of the binary complex EF-Tu.GDP with the respective Ki values 3.9.10(-7) M (I), 2.9.10(-8)M (II), 6.9.10(-7)M (III), 5.0.10(-7)M (IV) and 3.8.10(-8)M (V) relative to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	139-144
6751396-6	1982	Azidoaryl analogs of GTP and GDP as well as the chloroethylaminoaryl analog of GTP compete with GDP in the formation of the binary complex EF-Tu.GDP with the respective Ki values 3.9.10(-7) M (I), 2.9.10(-8)M (II), 6.9.10(-7)M (III), 5.0.10(-7)M (IV) and 3.8.10(-8)M (V) relative to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-99	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	139-144
7200884-3	1982	The structure of the MgGDP complex at the active site of elongation factor (EF-Tu) has been investigated by using phosphorothioate analogs of GDP in the absence and presence of various metal ions, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements.	Guanosine Diphosphate	23-26	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	76-81
7200884-4	1982	The high stereoselectivity of EF-Tu for the diastereomers of guanosine 5"-O-(1-thiodiphosphate) (GDP[alpha S]) is independent of the nature of the metal ion and is caused by the interaction of the protein with the alpha-phosphate of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	97-100	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	30-35
7200884-5	1982	By using GDP analogs where the oxygens at either the alpha-phosphate or the beta-phosphate have been selectively labelled with 17O and measuring their effect on the EPR spectrum of EF-Tu-bound manganese we are able to show that only the beta-phosphate of GDP is coordinated to the metal ion in the EF-Tu .	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	181-186
7200884-8	1982	31P-NMR studies on GDP and guanosine 5"-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) (GDP[beta S]) bound to EF-Tu indicate that in the EF-Tu .	Guanosine Diphosphate	19-22	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	85-90
7200884-8	1982	31P-NMR studies on GDP and guanosine 5"-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) (GDP[beta S]) bound to EF-Tu indicate that in the EF-Tu .	Guanosine Diphosphate	19-22	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	112-117
7200884-8	1982	31P-NMR studies on GDP and guanosine 5"-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) (GDP[beta S]) bound to EF-Tu indicate that in the EF-Tu .	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	85-90
7200884-8	1982	31P-NMR studies on GDP and guanosine 5"-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) (GDP[beta S]) bound to EF-Tu indicate that in the EF-Tu .	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	112-117
6953412-3	1982	Furthermore, in the presence of Mg2+, eIF-2-SP catalyzes the exchange of eIF-2-bound [3H]GDP with unlabeled GDP or GTP (GDP exchange) and the release of [3H]GDP when the ternary complex is formed from eIF-2-[3H]GDP, GTP, and [35S]Met-tRNAi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	38-46
6953412-3	1982	Furthermore, in the presence of Mg2+, eIF-2-SP catalyzes the exchange of eIF-2-bound [3H]GDP with unlabeled GDP or GTP (GDP exchange) and the release of [3H]GDP when the ternary complex is formed from eIF-2-[3H]GDP, GTP, and [35S]Met-tRNAi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	38-46
6953412-3	1982	Furthermore, in the presence of Mg2+, eIF-2-SP catalyzes the exchange of eIF-2-bound [3H]GDP with unlabeled GDP or GTP (GDP exchange) and the release of [3H]GDP when the ternary complex is formed from eIF-2-[3H]GDP, GTP, and [35S]Met-tRNAi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	38-43
6953412-3	1982	Furthermore, in the presence of Mg2+, eIF-2-SP catalyzes the exchange of eIF-2-bound [3H]GDP with unlabeled GDP or GTP (GDP exchange) and the release of [3H]GDP when the ternary complex is formed from eIF-2-[3H]GDP, GTP, and [35S]Met-tRNAi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	38-43
6953412-3	1982	Furthermore, in the presence of Mg2+, eIF-2-SP catalyzes the exchange of eIF-2-bound [3H]GDP with unlabeled GDP or GTP (GDP exchange) and the release of [3H]GDP when the ternary complex is formed from eIF-2-[3H]GDP, GTP, and [35S]Met-tRNAi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	73-78
6953412-5	1982	The eIF-2 and GDP exchanges are compatible with the reaction eIF-2-GDP + SP in equilibrium EIF-2-SP + GDP reminiscent of the exchange between the Tu and Ts components of prokaryotic elongation factor 1 (EF-Tu and EF-Ts, respectively) EF-Tu-GDP + EF-Ts in equilibrium EF-Tu-EF-Ts + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	203-208
6953412-3	1982	Furthermore, in the presence of Mg2+, eIF-2-SP catalyzes the exchange of eIF-2-bound [3H]GDP with unlabeled GDP or GTP (GDP exchange) and the release of [3H]GDP when the ternary complex is formed from eIF-2-[3H]GDP, GTP, and [35S]Met-tRNAi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	38-46
6953412-3	1982	Furthermore, in the presence of Mg2+, eIF-2-SP catalyzes the exchange of eIF-2-bound [3H]GDP with unlabeled GDP or GTP (GDP exchange) and the release of [3H]GDP when the ternary complex is formed from eIF-2-[3H]GDP, GTP, and [35S]Met-tRNAi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	38-43
6953412-3	1982	Furthermore, in the presence of Mg2+, eIF-2-SP catalyzes the exchange of eIF-2-bound [3H]GDP with unlabeled GDP or GTP (GDP exchange) and the release of [3H]GDP when the ternary complex is formed from eIF-2-[3H]GDP, GTP, and [35S]Met-tRNAi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	38-46
6953412-3	1982	Furthermore, in the presence of Mg2+, eIF-2-SP catalyzes the exchange of eIF-2-bound [3H]GDP with unlabeled GDP or GTP (GDP exchange) and the release of [3H]GDP when the ternary complex is formed from eIF-2-[3H]GDP, GTP, and [35S]Met-tRNAi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	38-43
6953412-3	1982	Furthermore, in the presence of Mg2+, eIF-2-SP catalyzes the exchange of eIF-2-bound [3H]GDP with unlabeled GDP or GTP (GDP exchange) and the release of [3H]GDP when the ternary complex is formed from eIF-2-[3H]GDP, GTP, and [35S]Met-tRNAi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	38-46
6953412-3	1982	Furthermore, in the presence of Mg2+, eIF-2-SP catalyzes the exchange of eIF-2-bound [3H]GDP with unlabeled GDP or GTP (GDP exchange) and the release of [3H]GDP when the ternary complex is formed from eIF-2-[3H]GDP, GTP, and [35S]Met-tRNAi.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	38-43
6953412-7	1982	Our results suggest that, in the presence of Mg2+, GDP binding restricts the availability of eIF-2 for chain initiation and that SP relieves this restriction in a catalytic fashion, provided that the alpha subunit of eIF-2 is not phosphorylated.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	93-98
6953412-5	1982	The eIF-2 and GDP exchanges are compatible with the reaction eIF-2-GDP + SP in equilibrium EIF-2-SP + GDP reminiscent of the exchange between the Tu and Ts components of prokaryotic elongation factor 1 (EF-Tu and EF-Ts, respectively) EF-Tu-GDP + EF-Ts in equilibrium EF-Tu-EF-Ts + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	213-218
6953412-5	1982	The eIF-2 and GDP exchanges are compatible with the reaction eIF-2-GDP + SP in equilibrium EIF-2-SP + GDP reminiscent of the exchange between the Tu and Ts components of prokaryotic elongation factor 1 (EF-Tu and EF-Ts, respectively) EF-Tu-GDP + EF-Ts in equilibrium EF-Tu-EF-Ts + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	234-239
6953412-5	1982	The eIF-2 and GDP exchanges are compatible with the reaction eIF-2-GDP + SP in equilibrium EIF-2-SP + GDP reminiscent of the exchange between the Tu and Ts components of prokaryotic elongation factor 1 (EF-Tu and EF-Ts, respectively) EF-Tu-GDP + EF-Ts in equilibrium EF-Tu-EF-Ts + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	246-251
6953412-5	1982	The eIF-2 and GDP exchanges are compatible with the reaction eIF-2-GDP + SP in equilibrium EIF-2-SP + GDP reminiscent of the exchange between the Tu and Ts components of prokaryotic elongation factor 1 (EF-Tu and EF-Ts, respectively) EF-Tu-GDP + EF-Ts in equilibrium EF-Tu-EF-Ts + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	234-239
6953412-5	1982	The eIF-2 and GDP exchanges are compatible with the reaction eIF-2-GDP + SP in equilibrium EIF-2-SP + GDP reminiscent of the exchange between the Tu and Ts components of prokaryotic elongation factor 1 (EF-Tu and EF-Ts, respectively) EF-Tu-GDP + EF-Ts in equilibrium EF-Tu-EF-Ts + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	14-17	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	246-251
6953412-5	1982	The eIF-2 and GDP exchanges are compatible with the reaction eIF-2-GDP + SP in equilibrium EIF-2-SP + GDP reminiscent of the exchange between the Tu and Ts components of prokaryotic elongation factor 1 (EF-Tu and EF-Ts, respectively) EF-Tu-GDP + EF-Ts in equilibrium EF-Tu-EF-Ts + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	4-9
6953412-5	1982	The eIF-2 and GDP exchanges are compatible with the reaction eIF-2-GDP + SP in equilibrium EIF-2-SP + GDP reminiscent of the exchange between the Tu and Ts components of prokaryotic elongation factor 1 (EF-Tu and EF-Ts, respectively) EF-Tu-GDP + EF-Ts in equilibrium EF-Tu-EF-Ts + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	203-208
6953412-5	1982	The eIF-2 and GDP exchanges are compatible with the reaction eIF-2-GDP + SP in equilibrium EIF-2-SP + GDP reminiscent of the exchange between the Tu and Ts components of prokaryotic elongation factor 1 (EF-Tu and EF-Ts, respectively) EF-Tu-GDP + EF-Ts in equilibrium EF-Tu-EF-Ts + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	213-218
6953412-5	1982	The eIF-2 and GDP exchanges are compatible with the reaction eIF-2-GDP + SP in equilibrium EIF-2-SP + GDP reminiscent of the exchange between the Tu and Ts components of prokaryotic elongation factor 1 (EF-Tu and EF-Ts, respectively) EF-Tu-GDP + EF-Ts in equilibrium EF-Tu-EF-Ts + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	234-239
6953412-5	1982	The eIF-2 and GDP exchanges are compatible with the reaction eIF-2-GDP + SP in equilibrium EIF-2-SP + GDP reminiscent of the exchange between the Tu and Ts components of prokaryotic elongation factor 1 (EF-Tu and EF-Ts, respectively) EF-Tu-GDP + EF-Ts in equilibrium EF-Tu-EF-Ts + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	246-251
6953412-5	1982	The eIF-2 and GDP exchanges are compatible with the reaction eIF-2-GDP + SP in equilibrium EIF-2-SP + GDP reminiscent of the exchange between the Tu and Ts components of prokaryotic elongation factor 1 (EF-Tu and EF-Ts, respectively) EF-Tu-GDP + EF-Ts in equilibrium EF-Tu-EF-Ts + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	234-239
6953412-5	1982	The eIF-2 and GDP exchanges are compatible with the reaction eIF-2-GDP + SP in equilibrium EIF-2-SP + GDP reminiscent of the exchange between the Tu and Ts components of prokaryotic elongation factor 1 (EF-Tu and EF-Ts, respectively) EF-Tu-GDP + EF-Ts in equilibrium EF-Tu-EF-Ts + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	246-251
6953412-5	1982	The eIF-2 and GDP exchanges are compatible with the reaction eIF-2-GDP + SP in equilibrium EIF-2-SP + GDP reminiscent of the exchange between the Tu and Ts components of prokaryotic elongation factor 1 (EF-Tu and EF-Ts, respectively) EF-Tu-GDP + EF-Ts in equilibrium EF-Tu-EF-Ts + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	4-9
6953412-5	1982	The eIF-2 and GDP exchanges are compatible with the reaction eIF-2-GDP + SP in equilibrium EIF-2-SP + GDP reminiscent of the exchange between the Tu and Ts components of prokaryotic elongation factor 1 (EF-Tu and EF-Ts, respectively) EF-Tu-GDP + EF-Ts in equilibrium EF-Tu-EF-Ts + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	203-208
6953412-5	1982	The eIF-2 and GDP exchanges are compatible with the reaction eIF-2-GDP + SP in equilibrium EIF-2-SP + GDP reminiscent of the exchange between the Tu and Ts components of prokaryotic elongation factor 1 (EF-Tu and EF-Ts, respectively) EF-Tu-GDP + EF-Ts in equilibrium EF-Tu-EF-Ts + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	213-218
6953412-5	1982	The eIF-2 and GDP exchanges are compatible with the reaction eIF-2-GDP + SP in equilibrium EIF-2-SP + GDP reminiscent of the exchange between the Tu and Ts components of prokaryotic elongation factor 1 (EF-Tu and EF-Ts, respectively) EF-Tu-GDP + EF-Ts in equilibrium EF-Tu-EF-Ts + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	234-239
6953412-5	1982	The eIF-2 and GDP exchanges are compatible with the reaction eIF-2-GDP + SP in equilibrium EIF-2-SP + GDP reminiscent of the exchange between the Tu and Ts components of prokaryotic elongation factor 1 (EF-Tu and EF-Ts, respectively) EF-Tu-GDP + EF-Ts in equilibrium EF-Tu-EF-Ts + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	246-251
6953412-5	1982	The eIF-2 and GDP exchanges are compatible with the reaction eIF-2-GDP + SP in equilibrium EIF-2-SP + GDP reminiscent of the exchange between the Tu and Ts components of prokaryotic elongation factor 1 (EF-Tu and EF-Ts, respectively) EF-Tu-GDP + EF-Ts in equilibrium EF-Tu-EF-Ts + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	234-239
6953412-5	1982	The eIF-2 and GDP exchanges are compatible with the reaction eIF-2-GDP + SP in equilibrium EIF-2-SP + GDP reminiscent of the exchange between the Tu and Ts components of prokaryotic elongation factor 1 (EF-Tu and EF-Ts, respectively) EF-Tu-GDP + EF-Ts in equilibrium EF-Tu-EF-Ts + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	246-251
6953412-5	1982	The eIF-2 and GDP exchanges are compatible with the reaction eIF-2-GDP + SP in equilibrium EIF-2-SP + GDP reminiscent of the exchange between the Tu and Ts components of prokaryotic elongation factor 1 (EF-Tu and EF-Ts, respectively) EF-Tu-GDP + EF-Ts in equilibrium EF-Tu-EF-Ts + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	4-9
6953412-5	1982	The eIF-2 and GDP exchanges are compatible with the reaction eIF-2-GDP + SP in equilibrium EIF-2-SP + GDP reminiscent of the exchange between the Tu and Ts components of prokaryotic elongation factor 1 (EF-Tu and EF-Ts, respectively) EF-Tu-GDP + EF-Ts in equilibrium EF-Tu-EF-Ts + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	203-208
6953412-5	1982	The eIF-2 and GDP exchanges are compatible with the reaction eIF-2-GDP + SP in equilibrium EIF-2-SP + GDP reminiscent of the exchange between the Tu and Ts components of prokaryotic elongation factor 1 (EF-Tu and EF-Ts, respectively) EF-Tu-GDP + EF-Ts in equilibrium EF-Tu-EF-Ts + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	213-218
6953412-5	1982	The eIF-2 and GDP exchanges are compatible with the reaction eIF-2-GDP + SP in equilibrium EIF-2-SP + GDP reminiscent of the exchange between the Tu and Ts components of prokaryotic elongation factor 1 (EF-Tu and EF-Ts, respectively) EF-Tu-GDP + EF-Ts in equilibrium EF-Tu-EF-Ts + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	234-239
6953412-5	1982	The eIF-2 and GDP exchanges are compatible with the reaction eIF-2-GDP + SP in equilibrium EIF-2-SP + GDP reminiscent of the exchange between the Tu and Ts components of prokaryotic elongation factor 1 (EF-Tu and EF-Ts, respectively) EF-Tu-GDP + EF-Ts in equilibrium EF-Tu-EF-Ts + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	246-251
6953412-5	1982	The eIF-2 and GDP exchanges are compatible with the reaction eIF-2-GDP + SP in equilibrium EIF-2-SP + GDP reminiscent of the exchange between the Tu and Ts components of prokaryotic elongation factor 1 (EF-Tu and EF-Ts, respectively) EF-Tu-GDP + EF-Ts in equilibrium EF-Tu-EF-Ts + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	234-239
6953412-5	1982	The eIF-2 and GDP exchanges are compatible with the reaction eIF-2-GDP + SP in equilibrium EIF-2-SP + GDP reminiscent of the exchange between the Tu and Ts components of prokaryotic elongation factor 1 (EF-Tu and EF-Ts, respectively) EF-Tu-GDP + EF-Ts in equilibrium EF-Tu-EF-Ts + GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	246-251
6953412-6	1982	Due to the high affinity of GDP (approximately 100 times greater than that of GDP) for eIF-2, 40S (eIF-2-GTP-Met-tRNAi-40S) to 80S (Met-tRNAi-mRNA-80S) initiation complex conversion, which is accompanied by GTP hydrolysis, probably releases eIF-2 as eIF-2-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	28-31	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	87-92
6953412-6	1982	Due to the high affinity of GDP (approximately 100 times greater than that of GDP) for eIF-2, 40S (eIF-2-GTP-Met-tRNAi-40S) to 80S (Met-tRNAi-mRNA-80S) initiation complex conversion, which is accompanied by GTP hydrolysis, probably releases eIF-2 as eIF-2-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	28-31	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	99-104
6953412-6	1982	Due to the high affinity of GDP (approximately 100 times greater than that of GDP) for eIF-2, 40S (eIF-2-GTP-Met-tRNAi-40S) to 80S (Met-tRNAi-mRNA-80S) initiation complex conversion, which is accompanied by GTP hydrolysis, probably releases eIF-2 as eIF-2-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	28-31	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	99-104
6953412-6	1982	Due to the high affinity of GDP (approximately 100 times greater than that of GDP) for eIF-2, 40S (eIF-2-GTP-Met-tRNAi-40S) to 80S (Met-tRNAi-mRNA-80S) initiation complex conversion, which is accompanied by GTP hydrolysis, probably releases eIF-2 as eIF-2-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	28-31	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	99-104
6953412-6	1982	Due to the high affinity of GDP (approximately 100 times greater than that of GDP) for eIF-2, 40S (eIF-2-GTP-Met-tRNAi-40S) to 80S (Met-tRNAi-mRNA-80S) initiation complex conversion, which is accompanied by GTP hydrolysis, probably releases eIF-2 as eIF-2-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	87-92
6953412-6	1982	Due to the high affinity of GDP (approximately 100 times greater than that of GDP) for eIF-2, 40S (eIF-2-GTP-Met-tRNAi-40S) to 80S (Met-tRNAi-mRNA-80S) initiation complex conversion, which is accompanied by GTP hydrolysis, probably releases eIF-2 as eIF-2-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	99-104
6953412-6	1982	Due to the high affinity of GDP (approximately 100 times greater than that of GDP) for eIF-2, 40S (eIF-2-GTP-Met-tRNAi-40S) to 80S (Met-tRNAi-mRNA-80S) initiation complex conversion, which is accompanied by GTP hydrolysis, probably releases eIF-2 as eIF-2-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	99-104
6953412-6	1982	Due to the high affinity of GDP (approximately 100 times greater than that of GDP) for eIF-2, 40S (eIF-2-GTP-Met-tRNAi-40S) to 80S (Met-tRNAi-mRNA-80S) initiation complex conversion, which is accompanied by GTP hydrolysis, probably releases eIF-2 as eIF-2-GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	78-81	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta	Homo sapiens	99-104
6279394-7	1982	The signal observed in the presence of GTP has been interpreted as being related to the rhodopsin-catalyzed exchange of GTP for GDP bound to the GTP-binding protein, i.e. to the formation of the activator of the cGMP phosphodiesterase [B.K.K.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	88-97
6765192-3	1982	Binding of aminoacyl-tRNA added at increasing concentrations to a solution of 40 microM EF-Tu.GDP.kirromycin complex re-exposes the TPCK target site on the protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	94-97	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	88-93
6951189-4	1982	Although GDP inhibited p[NH]ppG stimulation of the calmodulin-sensitive adenylate cyclase, it did not affect calmodulin stimulation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	9-12	calmodulin	Bos taurus	51-61
6765192-6	1982	These data strongly suggest that kirromycin induces in EF-Tu.GDP an additional tRNA binding site that can bind uncharged tRNA, aminoacyl-tRNA, and N- acetylaminoacyl -tRNA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	55-60
16453409-2	1982	The EF-Ts catalyzed release of GDP from EF-Tu was measured independently in a nucleotide exchange assay.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	4-9
16453409-2	1982	The EF-Ts catalyzed release of GDP from EF-Tu was measured independently in a nucleotide exchange assay.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	40-45
6765192-7	1982	Support for this assumption is provided by measuring the modification of EF-Tu.GDP with the sulfhydryl reagent NEM.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	73-78
16453409-3	1982	We conclude that the rate-limiting step for the EF-Tu cycle in protein synthesis in the absence of EF-Ts is the release of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	48-53
6765192-9	1982	Mapping of the tryptic peptides of EF-Tu.GDP labeled with [14C]TPCK revealed only one target site for this agent, i.e., cysteine-81.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	35-40
7298643-1	1981	We have developed a coupled enzyme system composed of hexokinase, glucose, and nucleoside diphosphate kinase which is able to rapidly convert GTP at the exchangeable nucleotide binding site of tubulin to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	204-207	hexokinase 1	Homo sapiens	54-64
6273893-5	1981	A "dissociation signal" of opposite sign, observed in presence of GTP at greater than or equal to 1 microM, is half maximal at 0.04% bleaching and saturated at 0.5% bleaching; it is interpreted as reflecting the dissociation of GTP-binding protein-R* complexes after GDP/GTP exchange on the GTP-binding protein, one R* being able to interact sequentially with about 100 GTP-binding protein molecules.	Guanosine Diphosphate	267-270	MX dynamin like GTPase 1	Bos taurus	228-247
6101203-4	1981	The intermediate is able to complete the excision of the IVS when it is incubated with a monovalent cation (75 mM (NH4)2SO4), a divalent cation (5-10 mM MgCl2) and a guanosine compound (1 microM GTP, GDP, GMP or guanosine).	Guanosine Diphosphate	200-203	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II	Homo sapiens	205-208
6273893-5	1981	A "dissociation signal" of opposite sign, observed in presence of GTP at greater than or equal to 1 microM, is half maximal at 0.04% bleaching and saturated at 0.5% bleaching; it is interpreted as reflecting the dissociation of GTP-binding protein-R* complexes after GDP/GTP exchange on the GTP-binding protein, one R* being able to interact sequentially with about 100 GTP-binding protein molecules.	Guanosine Diphosphate	267-270	MX dynamin like GTPase 1	Bos taurus	291-310
6273893-5	1981	A "dissociation signal" of opposite sign, observed in presence of GTP at greater than or equal to 1 microM, is half maximal at 0.04% bleaching and saturated at 0.5% bleaching; it is interpreted as reflecting the dissociation of GTP-binding protein-R* complexes after GDP/GTP exchange on the GTP-binding protein, one R* being able to interact sequentially with about 100 GTP-binding protein molecules.	Guanosine Diphosphate	267-270	MX dynamin like GTPase 1	Bos taurus	291-310
7459276-2	1981	Each variant shows a reduced K0.5 PEP (the value of the intercept of the abscissa on the Hill plot) and reduced Hill coefficient; FDP activation and ATP inhibition are less than normal and utilization of GDP is increased.	Guanosine Diphosphate	204-207	progestagen associated endometrial protein	Homo sapiens	34-37
6244163-3	1980	GDP (Kd = 0.5 microM) or GDP-Mg2+ (Kd = 1.57 microM) displayed a higher affinity in the formation of a binary complex with EF-2 than GTP (Kd = 2.68 microM), GTP-Mg2+ (Kd = 2.77 microM), or guanosine 5"-[beta, gamma-methylene]triphosphate (GuoPP[CH2]P) (Kd = 24.0 microM).	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	123-127
6930647-0	1980	Photolyzed rhodopsin catalyzes the exchange of GTP for bound GDP in retinal rod outer segments.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	11-20
6930647-9	1980	This corresponds to the catalyzed exchange of 500 p[NH]ppG for bound GDP per photolyzed rhodopsin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	88-97
3447641-1	1987	A single intravenous injection of recombinant human tumour necrosis factor (TNF) resulted in significant, but transient (24-48 hr) reductions in food intake and body weight, and increases in rectal temperature, resting oxygen consumption (VO2) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenic activity (mitochondrial GDP-binding).	Guanosine Diphosphate	311-314	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	52-74
3447641-1	1987	A single intravenous injection of recombinant human tumour necrosis factor (TNF) resulted in significant, but transient (24-48 hr) reductions in food intake and body weight, and increases in rectal temperature, resting oxygen consumption (VO2) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenic activity (mitochondrial GDP-binding).	Guanosine Diphosphate	311-314	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	76-79
228288-3	1979	We report herein that when extracts from cells transformed by Kirsten or Harvey sarcoma virus are incubated with [(3)H]GDP or [alpha-(32)P]GTP, picomole quantities of guanine nucleotide can be immunoprecipitated with antisera that contain antibodies to the p21.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	257-260
228288-6	1979	However, the immunoprecipitability of the [(35)S]methionine-labeled p21 in such extracts of the temperature-sensitive mutant can be preserved if the extracts containing labeled p21 are incubated with added GDP or GTP prior to heating.	Guanosine Diphosphate	206-209	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	68-71
395311-0	1979	Polyphenylalanine synthesis by crystallized trypsin-modified EF-Tu.GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	61-66
220606-4	1979	At concentrations required to produce a transient inhibition of protein synthesis, GDP prevents dephosphorylation of half of the phosphate introduced on eIF-2 alpha by the hemin-controlled repressor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	83-86	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Oryctolagus cuniculus	153-164
226958-0	1979	Coupling of the glucagon receptor to adenylyl cyclase by GDP: evidence for two levels of regulation of adenylyl cyclase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	glucagon receptor	Rattus norvegicus	16-33
364475-1	1978	Pulvomycin and the synonymous antibiotics labilomycin and 1063-Z are shown to inhibit prokaryotic protein synthesis by acting on elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu): in the presence of the antibiotic, the affinity of EF-Tu for guanine nucleotides is altered, the EF-Tu.GDP/GTP exchange is catalyzed, and the formation of the EF-Tu.GTP complex is stimulated.	Guanosine Diphosphate	262-265	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	129-149
364475-1	1978	Pulvomycin and the synonymous antibiotics labilomycin and 1063-Z are shown to inhibit prokaryotic protein synthesis by acting on elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu): in the presence of the antibiotic, the affinity of EF-Tu for guanine nucleotides is altered, the EF-Tu.GDP/GTP exchange is catalyzed, and the formation of the EF-Tu.GTP complex is stimulated.	Guanosine Diphosphate	262-265	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	151-156
364475-1	1978	Pulvomycin and the synonymous antibiotics labilomycin and 1063-Z are shown to inhibit prokaryotic protein synthesis by acting on elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu): in the presence of the antibiotic, the affinity of EF-Tu for guanine nucleotides is altered, the EF-Tu.GDP/GTP exchange is catalyzed, and the formation of the EF-Tu.GTP complex is stimulated.	Guanosine Diphosphate	262-265	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	210-215
364475-1	1978	Pulvomycin and the synonymous antibiotics labilomycin and 1063-Z are shown to inhibit prokaryotic protein synthesis by acting on elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu): in the presence of the antibiotic, the affinity of EF-Tu for guanine nucleotides is altered, the EF-Tu.GDP/GTP exchange is catalyzed, and the formation of the EF-Tu.GTP complex is stimulated.	Guanosine Diphosphate	262-265	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	210-215
364475-1	1978	Pulvomycin and the synonymous antibiotics labilomycin and 1063-Z are shown to inhibit prokaryotic protein synthesis by acting on elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu): in the presence of the antibiotic, the affinity of EF-Tu for guanine nucleotides is altered, the EF-Tu.GDP/GTP exchange is catalyzed, and the formation of the EF-Tu.GTP complex is stimulated.	Guanosine Diphosphate	262-265	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	210-215
355255-2	1978	A homogenate of mechanically broken, freshly grown Saccharomyces cerevisiae X2180 cells catalyzes the transfer of mannosylphosphate units from guanosine diphosphate mannose to reduced alpha1 leads to 2-[3H]mannotetraose to yield reduced mannosylphosphoryl [3H]-mannotetraose.	Guanosine Diphosphate	143-164	transcriptional co-activator mating type protein alpha	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	184-190
209180-2	1978	The hydrolysis of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) and the consequent formation of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) and phosphate (P1) are activated by light in a suspension of broken retinal rods: the hydrolysis rate with GTP in the micrometer concentration range is 2.5-3.5 n-mole/min per mg of rhodopsin in the preparation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-100	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	288-297
209180-2	1978	The hydrolysis of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) and the consequent formation of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) and phosphate (P1) are activated by light in a suspension of broken retinal rods: the hydrolysis rate with GTP in the micrometer concentration range is 2.5-3.5 n-mole/min per mg of rhodopsin in the preparation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	102-105	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	288-297
456606-0	1979	The preparation of thiophosphate analogs of GDP and their interaction with EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	75-80
366156-0	1978	High resolution x-ray crystallographic analysis of a modified form of the elongation factor Tu: guanosine diphosphate complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	96-117	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	74-94
338619-4	1977	Studies with HS3 isolated from Achlya and partially purified mammalian ribonucleotide reductase indicated that the compound noncompetitively inhibited the reduction of varying concentrations of the substrates CDP, ADP and GDP with Ki values of 23 micrometer, 14 micron and 16 micron respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	222-225	spectrin alpha, erythrocytic 1	Homo sapiens	13-16
632230-13	1978	These results strongly indicate that the mechanism of the action of EF-1betagamma or EF-1beta in converting EF-1alpha.GDP into EF-1alpha.GTP is analogous to bacterial EF-Ts, and the reaction is accomplished by the following reactions; EF-1alpha.GDP + EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta) in equilibrium EF-1alpha.EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta) + GDP; EF-1alpha.EF-1beta (or EF-1beta) + GTP IN EQUILIBRIUM  EF-1alpha.GTP + EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta).	Guanosine Diphosphate	245-248	EF1ALPHA	Sus scrofa	108-117
632230-13	1978	These results strongly indicate that the mechanism of the action of EF-1betagamma or EF-1beta in converting EF-1alpha.GDP into EF-1alpha.GTP is analogous to bacterial EF-Ts, and the reaction is accomplished by the following reactions; EF-1alpha.GDP + EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta) in equilibrium EF-1alpha.EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta) + GDP; EF-1alpha.EF-1beta (or EF-1beta) + GTP IN EQUILIBRIUM  EF-1alpha.GTP + EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta).	Guanosine Diphosphate	245-248	EF1ALPHA	Sus scrofa	127-136
632230-13	1978	These results strongly indicate that the mechanism of the action of EF-1betagamma or EF-1beta in converting EF-1alpha.GDP into EF-1alpha.GTP is analogous to bacterial EF-Ts, and the reaction is accomplished by the following reactions; EF-1alpha.GDP + EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta) in equilibrium EF-1alpha.EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta) + GDP; EF-1alpha.EF-1beta (or EF-1beta) + GTP IN EQUILIBRIUM  EF-1alpha.GTP + EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta).	Guanosine Diphosphate	245-248	EF1ALPHA	Sus scrofa	127-136
632230-13	1978	These results strongly indicate that the mechanism of the action of EF-1betagamma or EF-1beta in converting EF-1alpha.GDP into EF-1alpha.GTP is analogous to bacterial EF-Ts, and the reaction is accomplished by the following reactions; EF-1alpha.GDP + EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta) in equilibrium EF-1alpha.EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta) + GDP; EF-1alpha.EF-1beta (or EF-1beta) + GTP IN EQUILIBRIUM  EF-1alpha.GTP + EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta).	Guanosine Diphosphate	245-248	EF1ALPHA	Sus scrofa	127-136
632230-13	1978	These results strongly indicate that the mechanism of the action of EF-1betagamma or EF-1beta in converting EF-1alpha.GDP into EF-1alpha.GTP is analogous to bacterial EF-Ts, and the reaction is accomplished by the following reactions; EF-1alpha.GDP + EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta) in equilibrium EF-1alpha.EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta) + GDP; EF-1alpha.EF-1beta (or EF-1beta) + GTP IN EQUILIBRIUM  EF-1alpha.GTP + EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta).	Guanosine Diphosphate	245-248	EF1ALPHA	Sus scrofa	127-136
632230-13	1978	These results strongly indicate that the mechanism of the action of EF-1betagamma or EF-1beta in converting EF-1alpha.GDP into EF-1alpha.GTP is analogous to bacterial EF-Ts, and the reaction is accomplished by the following reactions; EF-1alpha.GDP + EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta) in equilibrium EF-1alpha.EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta) + GDP; EF-1alpha.EF-1beta (or EF-1beta) + GTP IN EQUILIBRIUM  EF-1alpha.GTP + EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta).	Guanosine Diphosphate	245-248	EF1ALPHA	Sus scrofa	127-136
632230-9	1978	i) EF-1betagamma catalytically promoted the exchange of [14C]GDP bound to EF-1alpha with exogenous [3H]GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	EF1ALPHA	Sus scrofa	74-83
632230-9	1978	i) EF-1betagamma catalytically promoted the exchange of [14C]GDP bound to EF-1alpha with exogenous [3H]GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	EF1ALPHA	Sus scrofa	74-83
632230-11	1978	In the absence of the exogenous guanine nucleotide, EF-1betagamma as well as EF-1beta could displace GDP bound to EF-1alpha to form an EF-1alpha.EF-1betagamma as well as an EF-1alpha.EF-1beta complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	EF1ALPHA	Sus scrofa	114-123
632230-11	1978	In the absence of the exogenous guanine nucleotide, EF-1betagamma as well as EF-1beta could displace GDP bound to EF-1alpha to form an EF-1alpha.EF-1betagamma as well as an EF-1alpha.EF-1beta complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	EF1ALPHA	Sus scrofa	135-144
632230-11	1978	In the absence of the exogenous guanine nucleotide, EF-1betagamma as well as EF-1beta could displace GDP bound to EF-1alpha to form an EF-1alpha.EF-1betagamma as well as an EF-1alpha.EF-1beta complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	EF1ALPHA	Sus scrofa	135-144
632230-13	1978	These results strongly indicate that the mechanism of the action of EF-1betagamma or EF-1beta in converting EF-1alpha.GDP into EF-1alpha.GTP is analogous to bacterial EF-Ts, and the reaction is accomplished by the following reactions; EF-1alpha.GDP + EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta) in equilibrium EF-1alpha.EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta) + GDP; EF-1alpha.EF-1beta (or EF-1beta) + GTP IN EQUILIBRIUM  EF-1alpha.GTP + EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta).	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	EF1ALPHA	Sus scrofa	108-117
632230-13	1978	These results strongly indicate that the mechanism of the action of EF-1betagamma or EF-1beta in converting EF-1alpha.GDP into EF-1alpha.GTP is analogous to bacterial EF-Ts, and the reaction is accomplished by the following reactions; EF-1alpha.GDP + EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta) in equilibrium EF-1alpha.EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta) + GDP; EF-1alpha.EF-1beta (or EF-1beta) + GTP IN EQUILIBRIUM  EF-1alpha.GTP + EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta).	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	EF1ALPHA	Sus scrofa	127-136
632230-13	1978	These results strongly indicate that the mechanism of the action of EF-1betagamma or EF-1beta in converting EF-1alpha.GDP into EF-1alpha.GTP is analogous to bacterial EF-Ts, and the reaction is accomplished by the following reactions; EF-1alpha.GDP + EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta) in equilibrium EF-1alpha.EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta) + GDP; EF-1alpha.EF-1beta (or EF-1beta) + GTP IN EQUILIBRIUM  EF-1alpha.GTP + EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta).	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	EF1ALPHA	Sus scrofa	127-136
632230-13	1978	These results strongly indicate that the mechanism of the action of EF-1betagamma or EF-1beta in converting EF-1alpha.GDP into EF-1alpha.GTP is analogous to bacterial EF-Ts, and the reaction is accomplished by the following reactions; EF-1alpha.GDP + EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta) in equilibrium EF-1alpha.EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta) + GDP; EF-1alpha.EF-1beta (or EF-1beta) + GTP IN EQUILIBRIUM  EF-1alpha.GTP + EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta).	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	EF1ALPHA	Sus scrofa	127-136
632230-13	1978	These results strongly indicate that the mechanism of the action of EF-1betagamma or EF-1beta in converting EF-1alpha.GDP into EF-1alpha.GTP is analogous to bacterial EF-Ts, and the reaction is accomplished by the following reactions; EF-1alpha.GDP + EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta) in equilibrium EF-1alpha.EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta) + GDP; EF-1alpha.EF-1beta (or EF-1beta) + GTP IN EQUILIBRIUM  EF-1alpha.GTP + EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta).	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	EF1ALPHA	Sus scrofa	127-136
632230-13	1978	These results strongly indicate that the mechanism of the action of EF-1betagamma or EF-1beta in converting EF-1alpha.GDP into EF-1alpha.GTP is analogous to bacterial EF-Ts, and the reaction is accomplished by the following reactions; EF-1alpha.GDP + EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta) in equilibrium EF-1alpha.EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta) + GDP; EF-1alpha.EF-1beta (or EF-1beta) + GTP IN EQUILIBRIUM  EF-1alpha.GTP + EF-1betagamma (or EF-1beta).	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	EF1ALPHA	Sus scrofa	127-136
323049-0	1977	Structural requirements of the GDP binding site of elongation factor Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	31-34	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	51-71
269389-4	1977	Both kirromycin and EF-Ts also facilitate the exchange of free GDP with GDP bound to EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	20-25
269389-4	1977	Both kirromycin and EF-Ts also facilitate the exchange of free GDP with GDP bound to EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	20-25
269389-4	1977	Both kirromycin and EF-Ts also facilitate the exchange of free GDP with GDP bound to EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	72-75	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	85-90
269389-6	1977	The trypsin-cleaved EF-Tu still can bind GDP and EF-Ts and can function in Qbeta replicase, but it no longer spontaneously renatures following denaturation in urea.	Guanosine Diphosphate	41-44	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	20-25
1103967-11	1975	Guanylyl methylene diphosphonate was displaced more readily than GDP from the EF-G-ribosome complex by GTP analogues insensitive to fusidic acid.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	78-82
15625861-2	1976	The EF-Tu synthesized was identified by its immunological properties, gel analysis, and its ability to interact with GDP and EF-Ts.	Guanosine Diphosphate	117-120	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	4-9
187579-9	1976	They also indicate that there is a substantial difference in conformation between free EF-G, EF-G-GDP, and EF-G-GTP near the active site essential for interaction with ribosomes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	93-97
187579-9	1976	They also indicate that there is a substantial difference in conformation between free EF-G, EF-G-GDP, and EF-G-GTP near the active site essential for interaction with ribosomes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	93-97
971319-0	1976	Exchange of free GTP with EF-1alpha-GDP complex promoted by a factor EF-1beta from pig liver.	Guanosine Diphosphate	36-39	EF1ALPHA	Sus scrofa	26-35
14328-1	1977	The interaction of Mg2+ with nucleoside disphosphates : ADP, GDP, CDP and UDP has been studied by phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy in aqueous solution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	mucin 7, secreted	Homo sapiens	19-22
187578-3	1976	The conformational transitions of polypeptide chain elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) associated with the ligand change from GDP to GTP and also with the displacement of GDP by elongation factor Ts (EF-Ts) have been investigated using the spin-labeling technique.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	52-72
187578-3	1976	The conformational transitions of polypeptide chain elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) associated with the ligand change from GDP to GTP and also with the displacement of GDP by elongation factor Ts (EF-Ts) have been investigated using the spin-labeling technique.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	74-79
187578-3	1976	The conformational transitions of polypeptide chain elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) associated with the ligand change from GDP to GTP and also with the displacement of GDP by elongation factor Ts (EF-Ts) have been investigated using the spin-labeling technique.	Guanosine Diphosphate	120-123	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	194-199
187578-3	1976	The conformational transitions of polypeptide chain elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) associated with the ligand change from GDP to GTP and also with the displacement of GDP by elongation factor Ts (EF-Ts) have been investigated using the spin-labeling technique.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	52-72
187578-3	1976	The conformational transitions of polypeptide chain elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) associated with the ligand change from GDP to GTP and also with the displacement of GDP by elongation factor Ts (EF-Ts) have been investigated using the spin-labeling technique.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	74-79
187578-3	1976	The conformational transitions of polypeptide chain elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) associated with the ligand change from GDP to GTP and also with the displacement of GDP by elongation factor Ts (EF-Ts) have been investigated using the spin-labeling technique.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	194-199
187578-5	1976	The electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra of EF-Tu-GDP labeled with these reagents generally consisted of two components, one narrow and one broad, corresponding to labels relatively weakly and strongly immobilized, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	51-54	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	45-50
187578-7	1976	The spectra of spin-labeled EF-Tu-GDP changed markedly when its GDP moiety was replaced by GTP through incubation with phosphoenolpyruvate and pyruvate kinase [EC 2.7.1.40], the broad component increasing at the expense of the narrow component.	Guanosine Diphosphate	34-37	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	28-33
187578-7	1976	The spectra of spin-labeled EF-Tu-GDP changed markedly when its GDP moiety was replaced by GTP through incubation with phosphoenolpyruvate and pyruvate kinase [EC 2.7.1.40], the broad component increasing at the expense of the narrow component.	Guanosine Diphosphate	64-67	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	28-33
187578-9	1976	The GTP-induced spectral change was reversed upon conversion of labeled EF-Tu-GTP to EF-Tu-GDP by addition of excess GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	72-77
187578-9	1976	The GTP-induced spectral change was reversed upon conversion of labeled EF-Tu-GTP to EF-Tu-GDP by addition of excess GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	85-90
187578-10	1976	A similar type of spectral change was also observed when spin-labeled EF-Tu-GDP was incubated with EF-Ts to form labeled EF-Tu-EF-Ts complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	70-75
187578-10	1976	A similar type of spectral change was also observed when spin-labeled EF-Tu-GDP was incubated with EF-Ts to form labeled EF-Tu-EF-Ts complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	99-104
187578-10	1976	A similar type of spectral change was also observed when spin-labeled EF-Tu-GDP was incubated with EF-Ts to form labeled EF-Tu-EF-Ts complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	121-126
187578-10	1976	A similar type of spectral change was also observed when spin-labeled EF-Tu-GDP was incubated with EF-Ts to form labeled EF-Tu-EF-Ts complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	76-79	Ts translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	127-132
187579-3	1976	It was found that the ESR spectra of EF-G labeled with nitroxide maleimide reagents were modified by the addition of various guanine nucleotides such as GDP, GTP and, to a lesser extent, by Gpp(NH)p and Gpp(CH2)p, indicating that conformational changes accompany the binding of nucleotide ligand.	Guanosine Diphosphate	153-156	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	37-41
939763-19	1976	The kinetic studies on the reaction of ANM with EF-Tu before and after tryptic digestion indicated that both Fragment A and the hybrid molecule reacted with ANM in the presence of GTP three to four times more rapidly than in the presence of GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	241-244	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	48-53
4375747-0	1974	Determination of cyclic GMP by formation of (beta-32P)GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	54-57	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II	Homo sapiens	24-27
1099087-3	1975	The conformational difference between polypeptide chain elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu)-GTP and EF-Tu-GDP has been studied using hydrophobic and fluorescent probes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	99-102	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	93-98
1099087-6	1975	The conformational change was found to be reversible and the spectrum promptly returned to that of EF-Tu-GDP-ANS complex upon addition of excess GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-108	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	99-104
1099087-10	1975	Another reagent, N-(1-anilinonaphthyl-4) maleimide (ANM) was covalently bound to the sulfhydryl group in EF-Tu-GDP which is essential for interaction with aminoacyl-tRNA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-114	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	105-110
1099087-12	1975	Measurements of the kinetics of the binding revealed that ANM reacted rapidly with the sulfhydryl group in EF-Tu-GTP, while the reaction with that in EF-Tu-GDP proceeded more sluggishly.	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	150-155
1099087-13	1975	The difference in the reactivity of the sulfhydryl group essential for aminoacyl-tRNA binding between EF-Tu-GTP and EF-Tu-GDP probably reflects a conformational transition of the protein near the active site.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	116-121
1099087-16	1975	249, 3311), demonstrate that reversible conformational transition does occur in EF-Tu on changing the ligand from GDP to GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	80-85
1112784-2	1975	Binding of the guanosine nucleotides, GDP and GTP, to elongation factor 2 (EF-2) from rat liver was studied by equilibrium dialysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	54-73
1112784-2	1975	Binding of the guanosine nucleotides, GDP and GTP, to elongation factor 2 (EF-2) from rat liver was studied by equilibrium dialysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	75-79
1112784-5	1975	However, by analyzing the incubation mixtures by thin layer chromatography the fraction of the total nucleotide binding to EF-2 which was due to GDP could be determined and corrected for.	Guanosine Diphosphate	145-148	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Homo sapiens	123-127
1112785-3	1975	The effects of ribosomes and Mg-2plus on the binding of GDP and GTP to elongation factor 2 (EF-2) have been studied by an improved filter-binding assay.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Homo sapiens	71-90
1112785-3	1975	The effects of ribosomes and Mg-2plus on the binding of GDP and GTP to elongation factor 2 (EF-2) have been studied by an improved filter-binding assay.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Homo sapiens	92-96
1112785-5	1975	An apparent stimulation by ribosomes of GTP binding to EF-2 is time-dependent and parallels a concomitant increase of the GDP concentration in the incubation mixture.	Guanosine Diphosphate	122-125	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Homo sapiens	55-59
1112785-7	1975	Further evidence of the role GDP may play as a modulator of protein synthesis might possibly be provided by studies of the GTP-GDP transphosphorylase activity which is present as an impurity in highly purified preparations of EF-2 as well as in ribosome preparations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	29-32	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Homo sapiens	226-230
1112785-8	1975	It is demonstrated that relatively high concentrations of GDP in the presence of GTP completely block the ribosome-dependent GTPase activity of EF-2.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Homo sapiens	144-148
1112785-9	1975	Instead, the transphosphorylase enzyme(s) catalyzes an exchange reaction between GTP and GDP during which GDP remains bound to EF-2 and the relative concentrations of the two nucleotides do not change.	Guanosine Diphosphate	89-92	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Homo sapiens	127-131
1112785-9	1975	Instead, the transphosphorylase enzyme(s) catalyzes an exchange reaction between GTP and GDP during which GDP remains bound to EF-2 and the relative concentrations of the two nucleotides do not change.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Homo sapiens	127-131
1097432-6	1975	However, when EF-Tu and Gpp(CH2)p bound to the ribosomal complex were released by centrifugation through 10% sucrose containing 0.2 mM GDP, the yield of the dipeptide was correspondingly increased.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	14-19
1097432-8	1975	The subsequent conversion of EF-Tu.GTP to EF-Tu.GDP, a form of EF-Tu with low affinity for ribosomes as well as for Phe-tRNA, resulted in the detachment of EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	29-34
1097432-8	1975	The subsequent conversion of EF-Tu.GTP to EF-Tu.GDP, a form of EF-Tu with low affinity for ribosomes as well as for Phe-tRNA, resulted in the detachment of EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	42-47
1097432-8	1975	The subsequent conversion of EF-Tu.GTP to EF-Tu.GDP, a form of EF-Tu with low affinity for ribosomes as well as for Phe-tRNA, resulted in the detachment of EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	42-47
1097432-8	1975	The subsequent conversion of EF-Tu.GTP to EF-Tu.GDP, a form of EF-Tu with low affinity for ribosomes as well as for Phe-tRNA, resulted in the detachment of EF-Tu.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-51	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	42-47
4741543-0	1973	Evidence for conformational changes in elongation factor Tu induced by GTP and GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	79-82	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	39-59
4519646-2	1973	The translocated N-acetyl-Phe-tRNA, bound to the ribosomal donor site, prevents further interaction of EF-G with the ribosome, for it inhibits the GTP hydrolysis that takes place in the presence of EF-G and ribosomes and it decreases the formation of either the GDP.EF-G.fusidic acid.ribosome complex or the 5"-guanylylmethylenediphosphonate.EF-G.ribosome complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	262-265	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	103-107
4519646-2	1973	The translocated N-acetyl-Phe-tRNA, bound to the ribosomal donor site, prevents further interaction of EF-G with the ribosome, for it inhibits the GTP hydrolysis that takes place in the presence of EF-G and ribosomes and it decreases the formation of either the GDP.EF-G.fusidic acid.ribosome complex or the 5"-guanylylmethylenediphosphonate.EF-G.ribosome complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	262-265	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	198-202
4519646-2	1973	The translocated N-acetyl-Phe-tRNA, bound to the ribosomal donor site, prevents further interaction of EF-G with the ribosome, for it inhibits the GTP hydrolysis that takes place in the presence of EF-G and ribosomes and it decreases the formation of either the GDP.EF-G.fusidic acid.ribosome complex or the 5"-guanylylmethylenediphosphonate.EF-G.ribosome complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	262-265	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	198-202
4519646-2	1973	The translocated N-acetyl-Phe-tRNA, bound to the ribosomal donor site, prevents further interaction of EF-G with the ribosome, for it inhibits the GTP hydrolysis that takes place in the presence of EF-G and ribosomes and it decreases the formation of either the GDP.EF-G.fusidic acid.ribosome complex or the 5"-guanylylmethylenediphosphonate.EF-G.ribosome complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	262-265	G elongation factor mitochondrial 1	Homo sapiens	198-202
33978412-6	2021	The conformational changes can be driven by intrinsic residue fluctuations of the open state KRas4B-GDP, as we illustrated with anisotropic network model (ANM) analysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	100-103	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	93-99
4352651-3	1973	The [(32)P]GDP is separated from the remaining [(32)P]ATP by enzymatic degradation of ATP by myosin and by precipitation of the (32)P(i) formed.	Guanosine Diphosphate	11-14	guanylate kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	86-89
34056776-6	2021	We have studied the flexibility of native and pS111-Rab1b in complex with GTP or GDP using extensive Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations and an advanced sampling method called DIhedral Angle-biasing potential Replica-Exchange Molecular dynamics (DIA-REMD).	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	RAB1B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	52-57
34056776-8	2021	Application to the Rab1b system results in significantly enhanced sampling of different switch I/II conformational states in the GDP-bound Rab1b state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	RAB1B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	19-24
34056776-8	2021	Application to the Rab1b system results in significantly enhanced sampling of different switch I/II conformational states in the GDP-bound Rab1b state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	129-132	RAB1B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	139-144
33975155-3	2021	However, these structures are mere snapshots of guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-released stable GPCR-G protein complexes, which have limited the understanding of the allosteric conformational transition during receptor binding to GDP release and the GPCR-G protein coupling selectivity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-69	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 6	Homo sapiens	92-96
34009715-2	2021	Ral proteins are found in GTP-bound active and GDP-bound inactive forms.	Guanosine Diphosphate	47-50	v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene A (ras related)	Mus musculus	0-3
33913706-2	2021	However, it is now accepted that RhoGDIs not only maintain small GTPases in their inactive GDP-bound form but also act as chaperones for small GTPases, targeting them to specific intracellular membranes and protecting them from degradation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	33-40
33975155-3	2021	However, these structures are mere snapshots of guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-released stable GPCR-G protein complexes, which have limited the understanding of the allosteric conformational transition during receptor binding to GDP release and the GPCR-G protein coupling selectivity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-69	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 6	Homo sapiens	246-250
33975155-3	2021	However, these structures are mere snapshots of guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-released stable GPCR-G protein complexes, which have limited the understanding of the allosteric conformational transition during receptor binding to GDP release and the GPCR-G protein coupling selectivity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 6	Homo sapiens	92-96
33975155-3	2021	However, these structures are mere snapshots of guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-released stable GPCR-G protein complexes, which have limited the understanding of the allosteric conformational transition during receptor binding to GDP release and the GPCR-G protein coupling selectivity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 6	Homo sapiens	246-250
33975155-3	2021	However, these structures are mere snapshots of guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-released stable GPCR-G protein complexes, which have limited the understanding of the allosteric conformational transition during receptor binding to GDP release and the GPCR-G protein coupling selectivity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	226-229	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 6	Homo sapiens	92-96
33574130-9	2021	Interestingly, SmgGDS displayed high binding affinity with inactive GDP-bound RHEBL1, and its knockdown reduced cytosolic RHEBL1 without affecting its activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	15-21
34017336-5	2021	Hence, we sought to set up these two strategies in our laboratory using peanut 2S albumins (allergens) and the autoantigen anti-Rho guanosine diphosphate dissociation inhibitor 2 (RhoGDI2, alternatively "ARHGDIB") as antigen targets to directly compare these strategies regarding costs, time expenditure, recovery, throughput and complexity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	132-153	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	204-211
33210262-8	2021	RESULTS: At a willing-to-pay (WTP) threshold of US$30,081/QALY (calculated by three times the GDP per capita in China), SOF/VEL was cost-effective in patients with HCV GT 1, 3, and 6 infections, and the probabilities that SOF/VEL was cost-effective were 9.7-75.7%, 39.1-63.9%, and 35.6-88.0%, respectively.	Guanosine Diphosphate	94-97	small integral membrane protein 1 (Vel blood group)	Homo sapiens	120-127
33113220-2	2021	The distinctive feature of a large GTPase, human guanylate binding protein-1 (hGBP1), is the sequential hydrolysis of GTP into GMP via GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	guanylate binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	49-76
33113220-2	2021	The distinctive feature of a large GTPase, human guanylate binding protein-1 (hGBP1), is the sequential hydrolysis of GTP into GMP via GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	guanylate binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	78-83
33574130-9	2021	Interestingly, SmgGDS displayed high binding affinity with inactive GDP-bound RHEBL1, and its knockdown reduced cytosolic RHEBL1 without affecting its activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	RHEB like 1	Homo sapiens	78-84
33574130-10	2021	These findings suggest that SmgGDS retains GDP-bound RHEBs in the cytosol, whereas GTP-bound RHEBs are localized on intracellular membranes to promote mTORC1 activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	Rap1 GTPase-GDP dissociation stimulator 1	Homo sapiens	28-34
33922087-6	2021	Functional interfaces of IRDS proteins with DNA/RNA/ATP/GTP/NADP biomolecules featured a well-defined pharmacophore model for STAT1/IRF7-dsDNA and OAS1/OAS3/IFIH1-dsRNA complexes, as well as for the genes binding to GDP or NADP+.	Guanosine Diphosphate	216-219	signal transducer and activator of transcription 1	Homo sapiens	126-131
33739090-0	2021	Mutation-Induced Impacts on the Switch Transformations of the GDP- and GTP-Bound K-Ras: Insights from Multiple Replica Gaussian Accelerated Molecular Dynamics and Free Energy Analysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	81-86
33739090-2	2021	To unveil a molecular mechanism with regard to mutation-mediated tuning on the activity of K-Ras, multiple replica Gaussian accelerated molecular dynamics (MR-GaMD) simulations followed by analysis of free energy landscapes (FELs) are performed on the GDP- and GTP-bound wild-type (WT), G12V, and D33E K-Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	252-255	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	91-96
33739090-4	2021	The information stemming from the analyses of FELs reveals that the conformations of SW1 and SW2 are in high disorders in the GDP- and GTP-associated WT and mutated K-Ras, possibly producing significant effect on binding of guanine nucleotide exchange factors or effectors to K-Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-129	WD repeat domain 82 pseudogene 1	Homo sapiens	93-96
33739090-4	2021	The information stemming from the analyses of FELs reveals that the conformations of SW1 and SW2 are in high disorders in the GDP- and GTP-associated WT and mutated K-Ras, possibly producing significant effect on binding of guanine nucleotide exchange factors or effectors to K-Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-129	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	165-170
33739090-4	2021	The information stemming from the analyses of FELs reveals that the conformations of SW1 and SW2 are in high disorders in the GDP- and GTP-associated WT and mutated K-Ras, possibly producing significant effect on binding of guanine nucleotide exchange factors or effectors to K-Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-129	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	276-281
33739090-5	2021	The interaction networks of GDP and GTP with K-Ras are identified and the results uncover that the instability in hydrogen-bonding interactions of SW1 with GDP and GTP is mostly responsible for conformational disorder of SW1 and SW2 as well as tunes the activity of oncogenic K-Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	28-31	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	45-50
33739090-5	2021	The interaction networks of GDP and GTP with K-Ras are identified and the results uncover that the instability in hydrogen-bonding interactions of SW1 with GDP and GTP is mostly responsible for conformational disorder of SW1 and SW2 as well as tunes the activity of oncogenic K-Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	28-31	WD repeat domain 82 pseudogene 1	Homo sapiens	229-232
33739090-5	2021	The interaction networks of GDP and GTP with K-Ras are identified and the results uncover that the instability in hydrogen-bonding interactions of SW1 with GDP and GTP is mostly responsible for conformational disorder of SW1 and SW2 as well as tunes the activity of oncogenic K-Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	28-31	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	276-281
33739090-5	2021	The interaction networks of GDP and GTP with K-Ras are identified and the results uncover that the instability in hydrogen-bonding interactions of SW1 with GDP and GTP is mostly responsible for conformational disorder of SW1 and SW2 as well as tunes the activity of oncogenic K-Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	45-50
33739090-5	2021	The interaction networks of GDP and GTP with K-Ras are identified and the results uncover that the instability in hydrogen-bonding interactions of SW1 with GDP and GTP is mostly responsible for conformational disorder of SW1 and SW2 as well as tunes the activity of oncogenic K-Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	WD repeat domain 82 pseudogene 1	Homo sapiens	229-232
33739090-5	2021	The interaction networks of GDP and GTP with K-Ras are identified and the results uncover that the instability in hydrogen-bonding interactions of SW1 with GDP and GTP is mostly responsible for conformational disorder of SW1 and SW2 as well as tunes the activity of oncogenic K-Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	156-159	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	276-281
33922087-6	2021	Functional interfaces of IRDS proteins with DNA/RNA/ATP/GTP/NADP biomolecules featured a well-defined pharmacophore model for STAT1/IRF7-dsDNA and OAS1/OAS3/IFIH1-dsRNA complexes, as well as for the genes binding to GDP or NADP+.	Guanosine Diphosphate	216-219	interferon regulatory factor 7	Homo sapiens	132-136
33848152-2	2021	Similar to other Ras superfamily GTPases, Rac1 switches between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	94-97	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	42-46
33922087-6	2021	Functional interfaces of IRDS proteins with DNA/RNA/ATP/GTP/NADP biomolecules featured a well-defined pharmacophore model for STAT1/IRF7-dsDNA and OAS1/OAS3/IFIH1-dsRNA complexes, as well as for the genes binding to GDP or NADP+.	Guanosine Diphosphate	216-219	2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 1	Homo sapiens	147-151
33922087-6	2021	Functional interfaces of IRDS proteins with DNA/RNA/ATP/GTP/NADP biomolecules featured a well-defined pharmacophore model for STAT1/IRF7-dsDNA and OAS1/OAS3/IFIH1-dsRNA complexes, as well as for the genes binding to GDP or NADP+.	Guanosine Diphosphate	216-219	2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 3	Homo sapiens	152-156
33922087-6	2021	Functional interfaces of IRDS proteins with DNA/RNA/ATP/GTP/NADP biomolecules featured a well-defined pharmacophore model for STAT1/IRF7-dsDNA and OAS1/OAS3/IFIH1-dsRNA complexes, as well as for the genes binding to GDP or NADP+.	Guanosine Diphosphate	216-219	interferon induced with helicase C domain 1	Homo sapiens	157-162
33836193-1	2021	Deleted in liver cancer 1 (DLC1) is a recognized tumor suppressor gene that negatively regulates Rho family proteins by hydrolyzing the active GTP-bound state to its inactive GDP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	175-178	DLC1 Rho GTPase activating protein	Homo sapiens	0-25
33876404-3	2021	Receptor coupling to G-proteins promotes the GDP/GTP exchange on Galpha subunits.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	65-71
33610917-7	2021	RagA was present in the primary cilia of NIH3T3 cells, and the GDP form of RagA exhibited strong binding to WDR35 and negative regulation of primary cilium formation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	Ras-related GTP binding A	Mus musculus	75-79
33610917-7	2021	RagA was present in the primary cilia of NIH3T3 cells, and the GDP form of RagA exhibited strong binding to WDR35 and negative regulation of primary cilium formation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	63-66	WD repeat domain 35	Mus musculus	108-113
33836193-1	2021	Deleted in liver cancer 1 (DLC1) is a recognized tumor suppressor gene that negatively regulates Rho family proteins by hydrolyzing the active GTP-bound state to its inactive GDP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	175-178	DLC1 Rho GTPase activating protein	Homo sapiens	27-31
33836193-1	2021	Deleted in liver cancer 1 (DLC1) is a recognized tumor suppressor gene that negatively regulates Rho family proteins by hydrolyzing the active GTP-bound state to its inactive GDP-bound state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	175-178	TSC complex subunit 1	Homo sapiens	49-65
33534927-10	2021	The top 3 enriched reactome pathway ID are RAB GEFs exchange GTP for GDP on RABs, Regulation of TP53 Degradation and Regulation of TP53 Expression and Degradation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	96-100
33453187-2	2021	Light absorption by rhodopsin leads to the activation of transducin as a result of the exchange of its GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	103-106	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	20-29
33912945-3	2021	These include cargo-carrying importin and exportin receptors from the beta-karyopherin (Kapbeta) family and the small GTPase Ran, which switches between guanosine triphosphate (GTP)- and guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound forms to regulate cargo delivery and compartmentalization.	Guanosine Diphosphate	187-208	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	125-128
33912945-3	2021	These include cargo-carrying importin and exportin receptors from the beta-karyopherin (Kapbeta) family and the small GTPase Ran, which switches between guanosine triphosphate (GTP)- and guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound forms to regulate cargo delivery and compartmentalization.	Guanosine Diphosphate	210-213	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	125-128
33534927-10	2021	The top 3 enriched reactome pathway ID are RAB GEFs exchange GTP for GDP on RABs, Regulation of TP53 Degradation and Regulation of TP53 Expression and Degradation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	69-72	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	131-135
33563064-1	2021	RASAL2 (RAS protein activator like 2), a RASGTPase activating protein, can catalyze the hydrolysis of RAS-GTP into RAS-GDP to inactivate the RAS pathway in various types of cancer cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	RAS protein activator like 2	Homo sapiens	0-6
33418033-4	2021	The turnover of GDP and GTP is induced by guanine nucleotide-exchange factors (GEFs), including G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), Ric8A, and GIV/Girdin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	16-19	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	133-138
33563064-1	2021	RASAL2 (RAS protein activator like 2), a RASGTPase activating protein, can catalyze the hydrolysis of RAS-GTP into RAS-GDP to inactivate the RAS pathway in various types of cancer cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	RAS protein activator like 2	Homo sapiens	8-36
33416861-6	2021	Strikingly, SEPT9 associates preferentially with the dynein intermediate chain (DIC) in its GDP-bound state, which favors dimerization and assembly into septin multimers.	Guanosine Diphosphate	92-95	septin 9	Homo sapiens	12-17
33412199-9	2021	FtsY is hydrolyzing ATP and GDP as well and GDP acts as an inhibitor of the reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	28-31	signal recognition particle receptor FtsY	Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv	0-4
33412199-9	2021	FtsY is hydrolyzing ATP and GDP as well and GDP acts as an inhibitor of the reaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	44-47	signal recognition particle receptor FtsY	Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv	0-4
33412199-10	2021	MD simulation shows effective binding and stabilization of the FtsY complexed structure with GTP, GDP and ATP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-101	signal recognition particle receptor FtsY	Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv	63-67
33680360-7	2021	We found that K-Ras4B dual phosphorylation mainly alters the conformation at the nucleotide binding site and creates disorder at the catalytic site, resulting in the enlargement of GDP binding pocket and the retard of Ras-GTP intrinsic hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	181-184	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	14-21
33680360-11	2021	These results reveal the mechanisms by which phosphorylation influences the intrinsic or GAP/SOS catalyzed transformations between GTP- and GDP-bound states of Ras and its signal transduction to Raf.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	195-198
33464297-4	2021	GDP-locked RagC promotes recruitment of AP-5/SPG11/SPG15, while GTP-locked RagA prevents its recruitment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	Ras related GTP binding C	Homo sapiens	11-15
33464297-4	2021	GDP-locked RagC promotes recruitment of AP-5/SPG11/SPG15, while GTP-locked RagA prevents its recruitment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	adaptor related protein complex 5 subunit beta 1	Homo sapiens	40-44
33679438-8	2021	After perindopril treatment, there was an upregulation of the GDP dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), which normally inhibits the RhoA/Rho-kinase/cofilin-1 pathway and may contribute to decreased arterial stiffening.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	ras homolog family member A	Rattus norvegicus	126-130
33679438-8	2021	After perindopril treatment, there was an upregulation of the GDP dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), which normally inhibits the RhoA/Rho-kinase/cofilin-1 pathway and may contribute to decreased arterial stiffening.	Guanosine Diphosphate	62-65	cofilin 1	Rattus norvegicus	142-151
33464297-4	2021	GDP-locked RagC promotes recruitment of AP-5/SPG11/SPG15, while GTP-locked RagA prevents its recruitment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	SPG11 vesicle trafficking associated, spatacsin	Homo sapiens	45-50
33347888-5	2021	The G2 loop and Switch I at the effector lobe of the catalytic domain exhibit large conformational changes in both the GDP- and GTP-bound systems, but in the GTP-bound Cdc42 the Switch I interactions with GTP are retained.	Guanosine Diphosphate	119-122	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	168-173
33464297-4	2021	GDP-locked RagC promotes recruitment of AP-5/SPG11/SPG15, while GTP-locked RagA prevents its recruitment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	zinc finger FYVE-type containing 26	Homo sapiens	51-56
33347888-12	2021	We propose that the differences are due to a network of hydrogen bonds that gets disrupted when Cdc42 is bound to GDP, a disruption that does not exist in other Rho GTP-ases.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	96-101
33438581-4	2021	Here we show that, at physiological GTP:GDP levels, human ARL3GDP is weakly activated by ARL13B.	Guanosine Diphosphate	40-43	ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 13B	Homo sapiens	89-95
33469160-5	2021	Our structural study showed that IRGB10 bound to GDP forms an inactive head-to-head dimer.	Guanosine Diphosphate	49-52	predicted gene 12250	Mus musculus	33-39
33497604-2	2021	High-resolution crystal structures of RhoA bound to the GTP analog GMPPNP and to GDP show that they display a similar overall inactive conformation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	81-84	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	38-42
33497604-5	2021	Thus, GDP- and GTP-bound RhoA can present similar inactive conformations, and the molecular dynamics in the Switch regions are likely to have a role in RhoA activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	6-9	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	25-29
33497604-5	2021	Thus, GDP- and GTP-bound RhoA can present similar inactive conformations, and the molecular dynamics in the Switch regions are likely to have a role in RhoA activation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	6-9	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	152-156
33135087-2	2021	DENND1B, a DENN family member, acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rab35 to convert it to the GTP-bound active form from the GDP-bound inactive form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	DENN domain containing 1B	Homo sapiens	0-7
32916301-5	2021	Lsg1 has a greater affinity for GTP than for GDP suggesting that in the cell cytoplasm it exists mainly bound to the former.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	putative GTPase LSG1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-4
32916301-7	2021	From this observation together with the excess of GTP present in the cytoplasm of exponentially growing cells over that of GDP, we can infer that the pre-ribosomal particle composed by Nmd3 60S acts as a GTP Stabilising Factor for Lsg1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	ribosome-binding protein NMD3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	185-189
32916301-7	2021	From this observation together with the excess of GTP present in the cytoplasm of exponentially growing cells over that of GDP, we can infer that the pre-ribosomal particle composed by Nmd3 60S acts as a GTP Stabilising Factor for Lsg1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	putative GTPase LSG1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	231-235
32352209-1	2021	Human Guanylate-Binding Protein 1 (hGBP-1) shows a dimer-induced acceleration of the GTPase activity yielding GDP as well as GMP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	guanylate binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	6-33
32352209-1	2021	Human Guanylate-Binding Protein 1 (hGBP-1) shows a dimer-induced acceleration of the GTPase activity yielding GDP as well as GMP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	110-113	guanylate binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	35-41
33135087-2	2021	DENND1B, a DENN family member, acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rab35 to convert it to the GTP-bound active form from the GDP-bound inactive form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	144-147	RAB35, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	86-91
33977469-4	2021	But also the rate of nucleotide exchange, i.e., the Ras-GDP/GTP cycling rate, can have a major impact on Ras function, as illustrated perhaps most impressively by newly discovered fast-cycling oncogenic mutants of the Ras-related GTPase Rac1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	56-59	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	237-241
33396523-8	2020	The impaired GTP-GDP exchange ultimately locks Rab-28 in a GDP-bound inactive state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	17-20	RAB28, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	47-53
32808262-3	2021	RhoA gets activated upon binding to guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), which catalyze the exchange of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) for guanosine triphosphate (GTP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	111-132	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	0-4
32808262-3	2021	RhoA gets activated upon binding to guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), which catalyze the exchange of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) for guanosine triphosphate (GTP).	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	0-4
32808262-4	2021	GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) mediate the exchange of GTP to GDP, inactivating RhoA, whereas guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs) preserve the inactive pool of RhoA proteins in the cytosol.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	83-87
33474817-12	2021	The ICER of screen-and-test compared to EID was $1340/YLS (CI), $650/YLS (SA) and $670/YLS (Zimbabwe), below the per-capita GDP but above the ICER of 2 versus 1 lifetime ART regimens in all countries.	Guanosine Diphosphate	124-127	cAMP responsive element modulator	Homo sapiens	4-8
33383630-6	2020	In particular, integrin (z-score = 2.52, -log(p-value) = 2.03) and paxillin (z-score = 2.33, -log(p-value) = 1.46) signaling pathways were predicted to be upregulated, whereas the Rho guanosine diphosphate (Rho-GDP) dissociation inhibitor signaling pathway was predicted to be downregulated in T2D individuals (z-score = -2.14, -log(p-value) = 2.41).	Guanosine Diphosphate	184-205	paxillin	Homo sapiens	67-75
33383630-6	2020	In particular, integrin (z-score = 2.52, -log(p-value) = 2.03) and paxillin (z-score = 2.33, -log(p-value) = 1.46) signaling pathways were predicted to be upregulated, whereas the Rho guanosine diphosphate (Rho-GDP) dissociation inhibitor signaling pathway was predicted to be downregulated in T2D individuals (z-score = -2.14, -log(p-value) = 2.41).	Guanosine Diphosphate	211-214	paxillin	Homo sapiens	67-75
33396523-8	2020	The impaired GTP-GDP exchange ultimately locks Rab-28 in a GDP-bound inactive state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	RAB28, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	47-53
32867616-5	2020	An in vitro [35S]GTPgammaS-binding assay revealed that NPD9055 inhibited GDP/GTP exchange on a Galphai subunit induced by a G-protein-coupled receptor agonist, but not on another G-protein from the Galphas family.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	G protein subunit alpha i1	Homo sapiens	95-102
33303444-5	2020	Based on this background, this trial is designed to further determine whether the implementation of the GDP initiative aimed at maintaining DO2i >=360 mL/min/m2 would reduce the rate of CS-AKI in paediatrics and improve clinical outcome.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	aurora kinase A interacting protein 1	Homo sapiens	189-192
32715349-4	2020	Despite its key importance in human disease, KRAS was assumed to be non-druggable for a long time since the protein seemingly lacks potential drug-binding pockets except the nucleotide-binding site, which is difficult to be targeted due to the high affinity of KRAS for both GDP and GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	275-278	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	45-49
32715349-4	2020	Despite its key importance in human disease, KRAS was assumed to be non-druggable for a long time since the protein seemingly lacks potential drug-binding pockets except the nucleotide-binding site, which is difficult to be targeted due to the high affinity of KRAS for both GDP and GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	275-278	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	261-265
33335690-2	2020	Rapid GDP/GTP exchange in the packet of Rab5 sustains its high activity for promoting cancer progression.	Guanosine Diphosphate	6-9	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	40-44
32656574-4	2020	The PH domain portion of the PH-CC bi-domain interacts with the Rho GTPases Cdc42 and Rho3 and both interactions are independent of the GTP/GDP-bound state of each GTPase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	Rho family GTPase CDC42	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	76-81
32656574-4	2020	The PH domain portion of the PH-CC bi-domain interacts with the Rho GTPases Cdc42 and Rho3 and both interactions are independent of the GTP/GDP-bound state of each GTPase.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-143	Rho family GTPase RHO3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	86-90
33125148-1	2020	Ras p21 protein activator 1 (RASA1) is a regulator of Ras GDP and GTP and is involved in numerous physiological processes such as angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and apoptosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	RAS p21 protein activator 1	Homo sapiens	0-27
33125148-1	2020	Ras p21 protein activator 1 (RASA1) is a regulator of Ras GDP and GTP and is involved in numerous physiological processes such as angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and apoptosis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	RAS p21 protein activator 1	Homo sapiens	29-34
33335690-4	2020	Herein, we reported the discovery of a novel Rab5 inhibitor, neoandrographolide (NAP), by using high-throughput virtual screening with a natural product library containing 7459 compounds, which can occupy the surface groove of Rab5, competing with GDP/GTP for the binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	248-251	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	45-49
33335690-4	2020	Herein, we reported the discovery of a novel Rab5 inhibitor, neoandrographolide (NAP), by using high-throughput virtual screening with a natural product library containing 7459 compounds, which can occupy the surface groove of Rab5, competing with GDP/GTP for the binding.	Guanosine Diphosphate	248-251	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	227-231
33335690-5	2020	Ser34 is the most important residue in the groove of Rab5, as it forms most hydrogen-bond interactions with GDP/GTP or NAP, and in silico mutation of Ser34 decreased the stabilization of Rab5.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	53-57
33335690-5	2020	Ser34 is the most important residue in the groove of Rab5, as it forms most hydrogen-bond interactions with GDP/GTP or NAP, and in silico mutation of Ser34 decreased the stabilization of Rab5.	Guanosine Diphosphate	108-111	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	187-191
33335690-8	2020	This finding firstly identifies NAP as a novel inhibitor of Rab5, which directly binds with Rab5 by occupying the GDP/GTP binding groove to suppress its functions, highlighting a great potential of NAP to be developed as a chemotherapeutic agent in cancer therapy.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	60-64
33335690-8	2020	This finding firstly identifies NAP as a novel inhibitor of Rab5, which directly binds with Rab5 by occupying the GDP/GTP binding groove to suppress its functions, highlighting a great potential of NAP to be developed as a chemotherapeutic agent in cancer therapy.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	92-96
32930566-7	2020	Interestingly, the corresponding GDP derivatives of 6,6-difluoro-L-fucose (3) and 6,6,6-trifluoro-L-fucose (6), which are the stronger proliferation inhibitors, showed much weaker inhibitory activity against FUT8 than that of the 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-L-fucose (1).	Guanosine Diphosphate	33-36	fucosyltransferase 8	Homo sapiens	208-212
33255847-5	2020	Using the stochastic frontier analysis, we analyze the efficiencies of countries in terms of achieving the lowest greenhouse gas emission levels per GDP output in the years between 1990-2015.	Guanosine Diphosphate	149-152	gastrin	Homo sapiens	125-128
33213525-13	2020	Internal emigration, urban-to-rural migration and GDP per capita were significantly associated with SS + PTB, further, internal emigration could explain more variation in SS + PTB in the eastern region in mainland.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	105-108
33213525-16	2020	Internal emigration, urban-to-rural migration and GDP per capita were statistically associated with SS + PTB; the negative association was identified between internal emigration, urban-to-rural migration and SS + PTB.	Guanosine Diphosphate	50-53	polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	105-108
33153459-5	2020	The other study suggests NF1 can convert GTP-bound KRAS G13D to inactive, GDP-bound KRAS G13D.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	neurofibromin 1	Homo sapiens	25-28
33153459-5	2020	The other study suggests NF1 can convert GTP-bound KRAS G13D to inactive, GDP-bound KRAS G13D.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	51-55
33153459-5	2020	The other study suggests NF1 can convert GTP-bound KRAS G13D to inactive, GDP-bound KRAS G13D.	Guanosine Diphosphate	74-77	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	84-88
33145412-2	2020	These cyclic peptides show preferential binding to the GTP-bound state of K-Ras(G12D) over the GDP-bound state and block Ras-Raf interaction.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	74-79
33145412-5	2020	The union of G12D over wildtype selectivity and GTP state/GDP state selectivity is particularly desirable, considering that oncogenic K-Ras(G12D) exists predominantly in the GTP state in cancer cells, and wildtype K-Ras signaling is important for the maintenance of healthy cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	58-61	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	134-139
33061844-2	2020	Neurofibromin stimulates the GTPase activity of Ras to convert it from an active GTP-bound form to its inactive GDP-bound form through its GTPase activating protein-related domain (GRD).	Guanosine Diphosphate	112-115	neurofibromin 1	Homo sapiens	0-13
33059489-5	2020	NOX2 activation is also enhanced by GTP and inhibited by GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-60	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	0-4
32707235-6	2020	We report the first 1H, 13C, 15N backbone NMR assignment of a Rab GTPase family member with Rab4a in complex with GDP and GTPgammaS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	114-117	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	92-97
32661198-1	2020	Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3)-dependent Rac exchanger 1 (P-Rex1) catalyzes the exchange of GDP for GTP on Rac GTPases, thereby triggering changes in the actin cytoskeleton and in transcription.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	75-81
32822537-4	2020	AK3 plays an important role in the citric acid cycle where it is responsible for GTP/GDP recycling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	85-88	adenylate kinase 3	Homo sapiens	0-3
32314182-1	2020	BACKGROUND: RAS-related C3 botulinus toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) is a molecular switch fluctuating between GDP-bound inactive form (Rac1-GDP) and GTP-bound active form (Rac1-GTP) and involved in diverse function in both normal and malignant cells such as breast carcinoma cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	56-60
32492501-6	2020	RESULTS: NMR studies show that IDP binds to the Guanosine diphosphate-binding pocket of NM23-H2 (KD = 5.0 +- 0.276 muM).	Guanosine Diphosphate	48-69	NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	88-95
32314182-1	2020	BACKGROUND: RAS-related C3 botulinus toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) is a molecular switch fluctuating between GDP-bound inactive form (Rac1-GDP) and GTP-bound active form (Rac1-GTP) and involved in diverse function in both normal and malignant cells such as breast carcinoma cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	129-133
32314182-1	2020	BACKGROUND: RAS-related C3 botulinus toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) is a molecular switch fluctuating between GDP-bound inactive form (Rac1-GDP) and GTP-bound active form (Rac1-GTP) and involved in diverse function in both normal and malignant cells such as breast carcinoma cells.	Guanosine Diphosphate	104-107	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	129-133
32754617-7	2020	In the GDP-bound state, the conformations where the HVR interacts with the effector lobe are more populated than in the GTP-bound state, forming a buried thus autoinhibited catalytic site; in the GTP-bound state conformations where the HVR interacts with the allosteric lobe are more populated, overlapping the alpha3/alpha4 dimerization interface.	Guanosine Diphosphate	7-10	immunoglobulin kappa variable 2D-28	Homo sapiens	311-324
32232569-7	2020	Using a GUK1 mutant with lower GMP-to-GDP conversion activity, we observe lifespan extension, suggesting that reduced GDP level by itself can also extend yeast lifespan.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	guanylate kinase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	8-12
32232569-7	2020	Using a GUK1 mutant with lower GMP-to-GDP conversion activity, we observe lifespan extension, suggesting that reduced GDP level by itself can also extend yeast lifespan.	Guanosine Diphosphate	118-121	guanylate kinase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	8-12
32752665-1	2020	Grb2 is an adaptor protein connecting the epidermal growth factor receptor and the downstream Son of sevenless 1 (SOS1), a Ras-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (RasGEF), which exchanges GDP by GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	197-200	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
32752665-1	2020	Grb2 is an adaptor protein connecting the epidermal growth factor receptor and the downstream Son of sevenless 1 (SOS1), a Ras-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (RasGEF), which exchanges GDP by GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	197-200	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	42-74
32752665-1	2020	Grb2 is an adaptor protein connecting the epidermal growth factor receptor and the downstream Son of sevenless 1 (SOS1), a Ras-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (RasGEF), which exchanges GDP by GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	197-200	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	94-112
32752665-1	2020	Grb2 is an adaptor protein connecting the epidermal growth factor receptor and the downstream Son of sevenless 1 (SOS1), a Ras-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (RasGEF), which exchanges GDP by GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	197-200	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	114-118
32932721-2	2020	In rod-shaped fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe cells, active GTP-bound Cdc42 promotes polarized growth at cell poles, while inactive Cdc42-GDP localizes ubiquitously also along cell sides.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	cell division cycle 42	Rattus norvegicus	140-145
32786510-0	2020	GDP Release from the Open Conformation of Galpha Requires Allosteric Signaling from the Agonist-Bound Human beta2 Adrenergic Receptor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	42-48
32786510-0	2020	GDP Release from the Open Conformation of Galpha Requires Allosteric Signaling from the Agonist-Bound Human beta2 Adrenergic Receptor.	Guanosine Diphosphate	0-3	adrenoceptor beta 2	Homo sapiens	108-133
32786510-4	2020	In the present study, we used microsecond (muS) molecular dynamic (MD) simulations to directly probe the communication from the beta2 adrenergic receptor (beta2AR) with an agonist or an antagonist or no ligand to GDP bound to the open conformation of the Galpha protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	213-216	adrenoceptor beta 2	Homo sapiens	128-153
32786510-4	2020	In the present study, we used microsecond (muS) molecular dynamic (MD) simulations to directly probe the communication from the beta2 adrenergic receptor (beta2AR) with an agonist or an antagonist or no ligand to GDP bound to the open conformation of the Galpha protein.	Guanosine Diphosphate	213-216	adenosine A2a receptor	Homo sapiens	155-162
32786510-7	2020	Interestingly, while GDP remained bound with the Galpha-protein for the two inactive systems (antagonist-bound and apo form), GDP dissociated from the open conformation of the Galpha protein for the agonist activated system.	Guanosine Diphosphate	21-24	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	49-55
32786510-7	2020	Interestingly, while GDP remained bound with the Galpha-protein for the two inactive systems (antagonist-bound and apo form), GDP dissociated from the open conformation of the Galpha protein for the agonist activated system.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-129	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	176-182
32786510-9	2020	Based on residue interaction network analysis, we observed that engagement of agonist-bound beta2AR with an alpha5 helix of Galpha is essential for the GDP release and the residues in the phosphate-binding loop, alpha1 helix, and alpha5 helix play very important roles in the GDP release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	152-155	adenosine A2a receptor	Homo sapiens	92-99
32786510-9	2020	Based on residue interaction network analysis, we observed that engagement of agonist-bound beta2AR with an alpha5 helix of Galpha is essential for the GDP release and the residues in the phosphate-binding loop, alpha1 helix, and alpha5 helix play very important roles in the GDP release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	152-155	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	124-130
32786510-9	2020	Based on residue interaction network analysis, we observed that engagement of agonist-bound beta2AR with an alpha5 helix of Galpha is essential for the GDP release and the residues in the phosphate-binding loop, alpha1 helix, and alpha5 helix play very important roles in the GDP release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	276-279	adenosine A2a receptor	Homo sapiens	92-99
32786510-9	2020	Based on residue interaction network analysis, we observed that engagement of agonist-bound beta2AR with an alpha5 helix of Galpha is essential for the GDP release and the residues in the phosphate-binding loop, alpha1 helix, and alpha5 helix play very important roles in the GDP release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	276-279	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	124-130
32176377-8	2020	MRTX849 selectively modifies the mutant cysteine residue in GDP-bound KRASG12C and inhibits GTP-loading and downstream KRAS-dependent signaling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	60-63	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	70-74
32662237-3	2020	In this line, we present a method which may identify potential hits, with agonistic and/or antagonistic properties on GPCR receptors, integrating the knowledge on signaling events triggered by receptor activation (GPCRs binding to Galpha,beta,gamma proteins, and activating Galpha , exchanging GDP for GTP, leading to a decreased affinity of the Galpha for the GPCR).	Guanosine Diphosphate	294-297	oxoeicosanoid receptor 1	Homo sapiens	118-122
32662237-3	2020	In this line, we present a method which may identify potential hits, with agonistic and/or antagonistic properties on GPCR receptors, integrating the knowledge on signaling events triggered by receptor activation (GPCRs binding to Galpha,beta,gamma proteins, and activating Galpha , exchanging GDP for GTP, leading to a decreased affinity of the Galpha for the GPCR).	Guanosine Diphosphate	294-297	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	231-237
32662237-3	2020	In this line, we present a method which may identify potential hits, with agonistic and/or antagonistic properties on GPCR receptors, integrating the knowledge on signaling events triggered by receptor activation (GPCRs binding to Galpha,beta,gamma proteins, and activating Galpha , exchanging GDP for GTP, leading to a decreased affinity of the Galpha for the GPCR).	Guanosine Diphosphate	294-297	oxoeicosanoid receptor 1	Homo sapiens	214-218
32708307-0	2020	The GDP-Bound State of Mitochondrial Mfn1 Induces Membrane Adhesion of Apposing Lipid Vesicles through a Cooperative Binding Mechanism.	Guanosine Diphosphate	4-7	mitofusin 1	Homo sapiens	37-41
32708307-5	2020	The adhesion forces were sustained by the GDP-bound state of Mfn1 after GTP hydrolysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	42-45	mitofusin 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
32686745-7	2020	Overall, KRAS(G12C)-AMG 510 complex partially mimic the native dynamics of GDP bound KRAS; however, AMG 510 stabilizes the alpha3-helix region.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	9-13
32686745-7	2020	Overall, KRAS(G12C)-AMG 510 complex partially mimic the native dynamics of GDP bound KRAS; however, AMG 510 stabilizes the alpha3-helix region.	Guanosine Diphosphate	75-78	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	85-89
32379273-5	2020	In the presence of GDP and BeF3-, OPA1-MGD forms a dimer, the interface of which is critical for the maintenance of mitochondrial morphology.	Guanosine Diphosphate	19-22	OPA1 mitochondrial dynamin like GTPase	Homo sapiens	34-38
32394310-4	2020	This decrease in the coupling state was found to be guanosine diphosphate-sensitive, hence, implicating the involvement of uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2).	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-73	uncoupling protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	123-143
32532543-12	2020	All the aforementioned ICER values were lower than the 2017 Korean GDP per capita of US$29,742.839.	Guanosine Diphosphate	67-70	cAMP responsive element modulator	Homo sapiens	23-27
32394310-4	2020	This decrease in the coupling state was found to be guanosine diphosphate-sensitive, hence, implicating the involvement of uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2).	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-73	uncoupling protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	145-149
32483387-6	2020	The Rab22a1-38 moiety governs the function of Rab22a-NeoFs by binding to SmgGDS-607, a GTP-GDP exchange factor of RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	RAB22A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	4-10
32483387-6	2020	The Rab22a1-38 moiety governs the function of Rab22a-NeoFs by binding to SmgGDS-607, a GTP-GDP exchange factor of RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	91-94	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	114-118
32227412-0	2020	Two Distinct Structures of Membrane-associated Homodimers of GTP- and GDP-bound KRAS4B Revealed by Paramagnetic Relaxation Enhancement.	Guanosine Diphosphate	70-73	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	80-86
32227412-2	2020	We developed a system to study KRAS dimerization on nanodiscs using paramagnetic relaxation enhancement (PRE) NMR, and determined distinct structures of membrane-anchored KRAS dimers in the active GTP- and inactive GDP-loaded states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	215-218	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	171-175
32591556-3	2020	Two novel indicators - the autocorrelation (AR1) and the variance - are found particularly useful in providing insight into inter-decadal GDP variability over this period.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	transcription factor 20	Homo sapiens	44-47
32347571-7	2020	After conversion to the GDP-bound state, RhoJ shifts from PlexinD1 to VEGFR2, which then terminates the VEGFR2 signals.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	ras homolog family member J	Homo sapiens	41-45
32347571-7	2020	After conversion to the GDP-bound state, RhoJ shifts from PlexinD1 to VEGFR2, which then terminates the VEGFR2 signals.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	plexin D1	Homo sapiens	58-66
32347571-7	2020	After conversion to the GDP-bound state, RhoJ shifts from PlexinD1 to VEGFR2, which then terminates the VEGFR2 signals.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	kinase insert domain receptor	Homo sapiens	70-76
32347571-7	2020	After conversion to the GDP-bound state, RhoJ shifts from PlexinD1 to VEGFR2, which then terminates the VEGFR2 signals.	Guanosine Diphosphate	24-27	kinase insert domain receptor	Homo sapiens	104-110
32673457-5	2020	For family members in second and third degrees, the ICER was USD$ 19,380.94 and USD$ 55,913.53, respectively, evidenced when applying the GDP per capita.	Guanosine Diphosphate	138-141	cAMP responsive element modulator	Homo sapiens	52-56
32521275-4	2020	Although the cellular retromer cargos CIMPR and DMT1-II require only GTP-bound Rab7 for trafficking, HPV trafficking requires cycling between GTP- and GDP-bound Rab7.	Guanosine Diphosphate	151-154	RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	161-165
32391636-7	2020	PRPS1 wild type (WT) showed different resistance to 6-mercaptopurine (6-mp) in different metabolic cells because it could be inhibited by adenosine diphosphate or guanosine diphosphate negative feedback.	Guanosine Diphosphate	163-184	phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
32486141-5	2020	This peptide was shown to interact with KRAS G12V in the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound inactive state and to form a stable complex, blocking the activation function of KRAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-78	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	40-44
32486141-5	2020	This peptide was shown to interact with KRAS G12V in the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound inactive state and to form a stable complex, blocking the activation function of KRAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	57-78	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	172-176
32486141-5	2020	This peptide was shown to interact with KRAS G12V in the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound inactive state and to form a stable complex, blocking the activation function of KRAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	40-44
32486141-5	2020	This peptide was shown to interact with KRAS G12V in the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound inactive state and to form a stable complex, blocking the activation function of KRAS.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	172-176
32528950-2	2020	Like all the GTPases, Ran cycles between an active (GTP-bound) and inactive (GDP-bound) state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	77-80	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	22-25
32277014-6	2020	Treatment of K-RasG12D and K-RasG12D/Vav1 mice with azathioprine, an immune-suppressor drug which inhibits Vav1"s activity as a GDP/GTP exchange factor, dramatically reduced the number of malignant lesions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	107-111
32152183-4	2020	Using single-molecule imaging, we show that the end-binding kinetics of EB1 changes along with the polymerizing and hydrolysis rate of tubulin dimers, confirming the binding of EB1 to GTP/GDP-Pi tubulin at microtubule growing ends.	Guanosine Diphosphate	188-191	microtubule associated protein RP/EB family member 1	Homo sapiens	72-75
32152183-4	2020	Using single-molecule imaging, we show that the end-binding kinetics of EB1 changes along with the polymerizing and hydrolysis rate of tubulin dimers, confirming the binding of EB1 to GTP/GDP-Pi tubulin at microtubule growing ends.	Guanosine Diphosphate	188-191	microtubule associated protein RP/EB family member 1	Homo sapiens	177-180
32179138-8	2020	The ICER in Mexico was US$29 618 (CI: 13 869-66 898) per DALY averted, or 3.0 times per capita GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	cAMP responsive element modulator	Homo sapiens	4-8
32179138-9	2020	For Nicaragua, the ICER was US$29 196 (CI: 14294-72181) per DALY averted, or 16.9 times per capita GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	99-102	cAMP responsive element modulator	Homo sapiens	19-23
32220931-4	2020	Here, we describe several structures of mouse and human FUT8 in the apo state and in complex with guanosine diphosphate (GDP), a mimic of the donor substrate, and with a glycopeptide acceptor substrate at 1.80-2.50 A resolutions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	98-119	fucosyltransferase 8	Homo sapiens	56-60
32220931-4	2020	Here, we describe several structures of mouse and human FUT8 in the apo state and in complex with guanosine diphosphate (GDP), a mimic of the donor substrate, and with a glycopeptide acceptor substrate at 1.80-2.50 A resolutions.	Guanosine Diphosphate	121-124	fucosyltransferase 8	Homo sapiens	56-60
32548242-4	2020	Recently, in 2 independent studies, a new correlation was found between the presence of non-HLA anti-Rho guanosine diphosphate dissociation inhibitor 2 (ARHGDIB) antibodies and increased graft failure.	Guanosine Diphosphate	105-126	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	153-160
32213587-9	2020	The binding of GTP or GDP constitutes a selective switch for Ypt7, but with Ypt7-tm, this switch is only read by HOPS after phosphorylation to P-HOPS by its physiological kinase Yck3.	Guanosine Diphosphate	22-25	casein kinase YCK3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	178-182
32254022-2	2020	IMPDH1 catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the de novo synthesis of guanine nucleotides, impacting the cellular pools of GMP, GDP and GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	126-129	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 1	Mus musculus	0-6
32254022-5	2020	We unveil a light-dependent phosphorylation of retinal IMPDH1 at Thr159/Ser160 in the Bateman domain that desensitizes the enzyme to allosteric inhibition by GDP/GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	158-161	inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 1	Mus musculus	55-61
32268075-1	2020	Some Rab GTPases, after activation by GDP to GTP exchange, are phosphorylated by the LRRK2 kinase implicated in Parkinson"s disease.	Guanosine Diphosphate	38-41	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	85-90
31916136-2	2020	RalA and RalB are activated downstream of the master regulator, Ras, which causes the nucleotide exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	0-4
31468366-0	2020	1H, 15N backbone assignment and comparative analysis of the wild type and G12C, G12D, G12V mutants of K-Ras bound to GDP at physiological pH.	Guanosine Diphosphate	117-120	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	102-107
31468366-5	2020	Here we report the resonance assignment of the backbone 1H and 15N nuclei of K-Ras wildtype, G12C, G12D and G12V proteins" catalytic G domain (1-169 residues) in GDP-bound state, and 13C of backbone and side chains of G12C mutant at physiological pH 7.4.	Guanosine Diphosphate	162-165	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	77-82
31916136-2	2020	RalA and RalB are activated downstream of the master regulator, Ras, which causes the nucleotide exchange of GDP for GTP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	109-112	RAS like proto-oncogene B	Homo sapiens	9-13
31916136-4	2020	We also report the backbone assignments of RalA in its inactive, GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	65-68	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	43-47
32431830-5	2020	In the present work, a complete compendium of crystal structures for the GTP-binding domains of all of the SEPT3 subgroup members when bound to either GDP or to a GTP analogue is provided.	Guanosine Diphosphate	151-154	septin 3	Homo sapiens	107-112
32431830-7	2020	Specifically, structures of the GDP and GTPgammaS complexes of SEPT9 reveal a squeezing mechanism at the NC interface which would expel a polybasic region from its binding site and render it free to interact with negatively charged membranes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	32-35	septin 9	Homo sapiens	63-68
32178475-2	2020	These processes are orchestrated through the fine tuning of Rac1 activity by upstream cell surface receptors and effectors that regulate the cycling Rac1-GDP (off state)/Rac1-GTP (on state), but also through the tuning of Rac1 accumulation, activity, and subcellular localization by post translational modifications or recruitment into molecular scaffolds.	Guanosine Diphosphate	154-157	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	60-64
31930311-4	2020	Classical G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR)-like proteins exist in plants and interact with the Galpha proteins, but their ability to activate Galpha by facilitating GDP to GTP exchange has not been demonstrated.	Guanosine Diphosphate	166-169	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 6	Homo sapiens	10-36
31930311-4	2020	Classical G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR)-like proteins exist in plants and interact with the Galpha proteins, but their ability to activate Galpha by facilitating GDP to GTP exchange has not been demonstrated.	Guanosine Diphosphate	166-169	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	96-102
31930311-4	2020	Classical G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR)-like proteins exist in plants and interact with the Galpha proteins, but their ability to activate Galpha by facilitating GDP to GTP exchange has not been demonstrated.	Guanosine Diphosphate	166-169	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	143-149
32178475-2	2020	These processes are orchestrated through the fine tuning of Rac1 activity by upstream cell surface receptors and effectors that regulate the cycling Rac1-GDP (off state)/Rac1-GTP (on state), but also through the tuning of Rac1 accumulation, activity, and subcellular localization by post translational modifications or recruitment into molecular scaffolds.	Guanosine Diphosphate	154-157	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	149-153
32178475-2	2020	These processes are orchestrated through the fine tuning of Rac1 activity by upstream cell surface receptors and effectors that regulate the cycling Rac1-GDP (off state)/Rac1-GTP (on state), but also through the tuning of Rac1 accumulation, activity, and subcellular localization by post translational modifications or recruitment into molecular scaffolds.	Guanosine Diphosphate	154-157	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	149-153
31967346-4	2020	Interaction of a conserved concave surface of its core domain with the Galpha C-terminus appears to mediate formation of the initial Ric-8A/GalphaGDP intermediate, followed by the formation of a stable nucleotide-free complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-149	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	71-77
32210919-4	2020	Activating fatty acids overcome constitutive inhibition of UCP1 by the di- and triphosphate forms of purine nucleotides, i.e., ATP, ADP, GTP, and GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	146-149	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	59-63
31967346-4	2020	Interaction of a conserved concave surface of its core domain with the Galpha C-terminus appears to mediate formation of the initial Ric-8A/GalphaGDP intermediate, followed by the formation of a stable nucleotide-free complex.	Guanosine Diphosphate	140-149	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	133-139
32103017-4	2020	We demonstrate that the NAD+-dependent deacylase SIRT2 removes the myristoyl group, and our evidence suggests that NMT prefers the GTP-bound while SIRT2 prefers the GDP-bound ARF6.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	sirtuin 2	Homo sapiens	147-152
32014824-6	2020	Both AMG 510 from Amgen and MRTX849 from Mirati Therapeutics covalently binds to KRASG12C at the cysteine at residue 12, keeping KRASG12C in its inactive GDP-bound state and inhibiting KRAS-dependent signaling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	154-157	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	81-85
32103017-4	2020	We demonstrate that the NAD+-dependent deacylase SIRT2 removes the myristoyl group, and our evidence suggests that NMT prefers the GTP-bound while SIRT2 prefers the GDP-bound ARF6.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	sirtuin 2	Homo sapiens	49-54
32103017-4	2020	We demonstrate that the NAD+-dependent deacylase SIRT2 removes the myristoyl group, and our evidence suggests that NMT prefers the GTP-bound while SIRT2 prefers the GDP-bound ARF6.	Guanosine Diphosphate	165-168	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	175-179
32144363-1	2020	The regulation of human Arf1 GTPase activity by ArfGEFs that stimulate GDP/GTP exchange and ArfGAPs that mediate GTP hydrolysis has attracted attention for the discovery of Arf1 inhibitors as potential anti-cancer agents.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	24-28
32144363-1	2020	The regulation of human Arf1 GTPase activity by ArfGEFs that stimulate GDP/GTP exchange and ArfGAPs that mediate GTP hydrolysis has attracted attention for the discovery of Arf1 inhibitors as potential anti-cancer agents.	Guanosine Diphosphate	71-74	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	173-177
32103024-6	2020	The C-terminus of Galpha is ejected from its beta sheet core, thereby dismantling the GDP binding site.	Guanosine Diphosphate	86-89	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	18-24
32041880-2	2020	Here, we determined the crystal structure of Saccharomyces cerevisiae short Mgm1 (s-Mgm1) in complex with GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	dynamin-related GTPase MGM1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	76-80
32041880-2	2020	Here, we determined the crystal structure of Saccharomyces cerevisiae short Mgm1 (s-Mgm1) in complex with GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	dynamin-related GTPase MGM1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	84-88
31744695-4	2020	Our results show that the largest climate change damages occur under the SSP3-7.0 scenario (involving regional rivalry and high anthropogenic emissions), followed by the SSP3-LowNTCF scenario (which considers significantly reduced NTCF emissions), and that climate change damage costs are expected to grow much faster than global GDP (reaching ~47% of global GDP in 2100).	Guanosine Diphosphate	330-333	SUMO specific peptidase 3	Homo sapiens	73-77
31970984-2	2020	SOS1 exchanges GDP by GTP, activating Ras.	Guanosine Diphosphate	15-18	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
32084271-8	2020	Both brothers had a homozygous missense RAB28 variant located in the G1 box of the guanosine triphosphate/guanosine diphosphate binding domain of RAB28.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-127	RAB28, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	40-45
32084271-8	2020	Both brothers had a homozygous missense RAB28 variant located in the G1 box of the guanosine triphosphate/guanosine diphosphate binding domain of RAB28.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-127	RAB28, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	146-151
32080177-4	2020	Here, we report the crystal structure of FUT8 complexed with GDP and a biantennary complex N-glycan (G0), which provides insight into both substrate recognition and catalysis.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	fucosyltransferase 8	Homo sapiens	41-45
32092921-2	2020	In starfish, the hormone 1-methyladenine binds to an unidentified receptor on the plasma membrane of oocytes, inducing a conformational change in the heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein alpha-subunit (Galpha), so that the alpha-subunit binds GTP in exchange of GDP on the plasma membrane.	Guanosine Diphosphate	260-263	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	200-206
32104603-2	2020	Rab proteins alternate between an activated (GTP-bound) state and an inactivated (GDP-bound) state.	Guanosine Diphosphate	82-85	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-3
31744695-4	2020	Our results show that the largest climate change damages occur under the SSP3-7.0 scenario (involving regional rivalry and high anthropogenic emissions), followed by the SSP3-LowNTCF scenario (which considers significantly reduced NTCF emissions), and that climate change damage costs are expected to grow much faster than global GDP (reaching ~47% of global GDP in 2100).	Guanosine Diphosphate	359-362	SUMO specific peptidase 3	Homo sapiens	73-77
31174179-6	2019	CONCLUSION: The incorporation of targeted therapies in the Brazilian public health system would produce an additional expenditure of at least 19 times the national GDP per capita to increase in one year the quality-adjusted survival of each patient with advanced/metastatic BRAF-mutant melanoma.	Guanosine Diphosphate	164-167	B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	274-278
31658406-4	2020	Autoprocessing activity is enhanced when ARF1 is in its active (GTP-bound) form compared to the inactive (GDP-bound) form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	106-109	ADP ribosylation factor 1	Homo sapiens	41-45
31811856-4	2020	Similarly, paroxetine and expression of the DN-GRK2 or the GDP-Rab5 mutants markedly decreased receptor internalization, alpha1B-adrenergic receptor phosphorylation, and attenuated the ability of the adrenergic agonist to induce homologous desensitization (calcium signaling).	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	63-67
31811856-4	2020	Similarly, paroxetine and expression of the DN-GRK2 or the GDP-Rab5 mutants markedly decreased receptor internalization, alpha1B-adrenergic receptor phosphorylation, and attenuated the ability of the adrenergic agonist to induce homologous desensitization (calcium signaling).	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	adrenoceptor alpha 1B	Homo sapiens	121-148
31811856-7	2020	The possibility that Rab5 might form part of a signaling complex is suggested, as well as that GDP-Rab5 might interfere with the ability of GRK2 to catalyze alpha1B-adrenergic receptor phosphorylation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	99-103
31811856-7	2020	The possibility that Rab5 might form part of a signaling complex is suggested, as well as that GDP-Rab5 might interfere with the ability of GRK2 to catalyze alpha1B-adrenergic receptor phosphorylation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2	Homo sapiens	140-144
31811856-7	2020	The possibility that Rab5 might form part of a signaling complex is suggested, as well as that GDP-Rab5 might interfere with the ability of GRK2 to catalyze alpha1B-adrenergic receptor phosphorylation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	95-98	adrenoceptor alpha 1B	Homo sapiens	157-184
31888228-3	2019	Here, we show that Vav1, a protein that exhibits both Rac1 GDP/GTP exchange and adaptor activities, is positively modulated by PI5P and, possibly, other mono-PIs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	19-23
31888228-3	2019	Here, we show that Vav1, a protein that exhibits both Rac1 GDP/GTP exchange and adaptor activities, is positively modulated by PI5P and, possibly, other mono-PIs.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	54-58
31601460-3	2019	In this study, the structural organization of two cytohesins (Grp1 and ARNO) was investigated in solution by size exclusion-small angle X-ray scattering and negative stain-electron microscopy and on membranes by dynamic light scattering, hydrogen-deuterium exchange-mass spectrometry and guanosine diphosphate (GDP)/guanosine triphosphate (GTP) exchange assays.	Guanosine Diphosphate	288-309	cytohesin 3	Homo sapiens	62-66
31601460-3	2019	In this study, the structural organization of two cytohesins (Grp1 and ARNO) was investigated in solution by size exclusion-small angle X-ray scattering and negative stain-electron microscopy and on membranes by dynamic light scattering, hydrogen-deuterium exchange-mass spectrometry and guanosine diphosphate (GDP)/guanosine triphosphate (GTP) exchange assays.	Guanosine Diphosphate	311-314	cytohesin 3	Homo sapiens	62-66
31658955-2	2020	MRTX849 was identified as a potent, selective, and covalent KRASG12C inhibitor that exhibits favorable drug-like properties, selectively modifies mutant cysteine 12 in GDP-bound KRASG12C, and inhibits KRAS-dependent signaling.	Guanosine Diphosphate	168-171	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	60-64
29189096-2	2020	RhoU and RhoV are Rho GTPases that have some atypical properties compared with classical Rho family members, such as the presence of N- and C-terminal extension regions, unusual GDP/GTP cycling and post-translational modification by palmitoylation but not prenylation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	178-181	ras homolog family member U	Homo sapiens	0-4
29189096-2	2020	RhoU and RhoV are Rho GTPases that have some atypical properties compared with classical Rho family members, such as the presence of N- and C-terminal extension regions, unusual GDP/GTP cycling and post-translational modification by palmitoylation but not prenylation.	Guanosine Diphosphate	178-181	ras homolog family member V	Homo sapiens	9-13
31610914-6	2019	Upon overexpression of the dominant negative GDP-locked cerulean-Rab18-S22 N, GFP-ATGL and Arf4 are lost from the surface of lipid droplets similarly to BFA treatment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	RAB18, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	65-70
31610914-6	2019	Upon overexpression of the dominant negative GDP-locked cerulean-Rab18-S22 N, GFP-ATGL and Arf4 are lost from the surface of lipid droplets similarly to BFA treatment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	patatin like phospholipase domain containing 2	Homo sapiens	82-86
31610914-6	2019	Upon overexpression of the dominant negative GDP-locked cerulean-Rab18-S22 N, GFP-ATGL and Arf4 are lost from the surface of lipid droplets similarly to BFA treatment.	Guanosine Diphosphate	45-48	ADP ribosylation factor 4	Homo sapiens	91-95
31793906-5	2019	The structure of the ternary complex of APH(2"")-IIIa with GDP and kanamycin was solved at 1.34 A resolution and was compared with substrate-bound structures of APH(2"")-Ia, APH(2"")-IIa and APH(2"")-IVa.	Guanosine Diphosphate	59-62	acylaminoacyl-peptide hydrolase	Homo sapiens	40-43
31624147-5	2019	The resulting interface involved the Galpha alpha5-helix bound to the concave surface of Ric8A and the Galpha beta-sheet that wraps around the C-terminal part of the Ric8A armadillo domain, leading to a severe disruption of the GDP-binding site.	Guanosine Diphosphate	228-231	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	37-43
31624147-5	2019	The resulting interface involved the Galpha alpha5-helix bound to the concave surface of Ric8A and the Galpha beta-sheet that wraps around the C-terminal part of the Ric8A armadillo domain, leading to a severe disruption of the GDP-binding site.	Guanosine Diphosphate	228-231	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	103-109
31624147-5	2019	The resulting interface involved the Galpha alpha5-helix bound to the concave surface of Ric8A and the Galpha beta-sheet that wraps around the C-terminal part of the Ric8A armadillo domain, leading to a severe disruption of the GDP-binding site.	Guanosine Diphosphate	228-231	RIC8 guanine nucleotide exchange factor A	Homo sapiens	166-171
31575663-9	2019	l-PGDS interacted preferentially with the inactive, GDP-locked Rab4S22N variant rather than with WT Rab4 or with constitutively active Rab4Q67L proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	prostaglandin D2 synthase	Homo sapiens	0-6
31689351-5	2019	In addition, fluorescence spectroscopy analyses reveal that mGBP7 binds GTP with high affinity (KD = 0.22 microM) and GTPase activity assays indicate that mGBP7 hydrolyzes GTP to GDP and GMP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	179-182	guanylate binding protein 7	Mus musculus	60-65
31689351-5	2019	In addition, fluorescence spectroscopy analyses reveal that mGBP7 binds GTP with high affinity (KD = 0.22 microM) and GTPase activity assays indicate that mGBP7 hydrolyzes GTP to GDP and GMP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	179-182	guanylate binding protein 7	Mus musculus	155-160
31575663-9	2019	l-PGDS interacted preferentially with the inactive, GDP-locked Rab4S22N variant rather than with WT Rab4 or with constitutively active Rab4Q67L proteins.	Guanosine Diphosphate	52-55	RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	63-67
31361970-6	2019	This could be prevented by guanosine 5"-diphosphate inhibition of UCP1.	Guanosine Diphosphate	27-51	uncoupling protein 1	Homo sapiens	66-70
31601708-3	2019	Nutrients switch the heterodimeric Rag GTPases between four different nucleotide binding states, only one of which (RagA/B GTP-RagC/D GDP) permits mTORC1 association.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	Ras related GTP binding A	Homo sapiens	116-122
31490066-1	2019	Dbl family Rho Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) play a central role in cell biology by catalyzing the exchange of GTP for GDP on RhoA.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	142-146
31490066-6	2019	Changes in the conformation of SWI and disorganization of the RhoA regions deputed to nucleotide binding are among the major RhoGEF effects leading to GDP release.	Guanosine Diphosphate	151-154	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	62-66
31273981-4	2019	Recent work demonstrated that nickel is rapidly transferred to HypA from GDP-loaded HypB within the context of a protein complex in a nickel selective and unidirectional process.	Guanosine Diphosphate	73-76	hypA	Escherichia coli	63-67
31577529-4	2019	We show that SEPT2/6/7 has a modest preference for GTP- over GDP-bound MT lattice, and competes with EB1 for binding to GTPgammaS-stabilized MTs, which mimic the EB1-preferred GDP-Pi state of polymerized tubulin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	61-64	septin 2	Homo sapiens	13-22
31577529-4	2019	We show that SEPT2/6/7 has a modest preference for GTP- over GDP-bound MT lattice, and competes with EB1 for binding to GTPgammaS-stabilized MTs, which mimic the EB1-preferred GDP-Pi state of polymerized tubulin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	septin 2	Homo sapiens	13-22
31577529-4	2019	We show that SEPT2/6/7 has a modest preference for GTP- over GDP-bound MT lattice, and competes with EB1 for binding to GTPgammaS-stabilized MTs, which mimic the EB1-preferred GDP-Pi state of polymerized tubulin.	Guanosine Diphosphate	176-179	microtubule associated protein RP/EB family member 1	Homo sapiens	162-165
31484720-0	2019	REV7 has a dynamic adaptor region to accommodate small GTPase RAN/Shigella IpaB ligands and its activity is regulated by RanGTP/GDP switch.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	mitotic arrest deficient 2 like 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
31484720-0	2019	REV7 has a dynamic adaptor region to accommodate small GTPase RAN/Shigella IpaB ligands and its activity is regulated by RanGTP/GDP switch.	Guanosine Diphosphate	128-131	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	62-65
31484720-9	2019	Our structural and biochemical results further indicated that REV7 preferentially binds GTP-bound RAN, implying that a GTP/GDP-bound transition of RAN may serve as the molecular switch that controls REV7"s activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	mitotic arrest deficient 2 like 2	Homo sapiens	62-66
31484720-9	2019	Our structural and biochemical results further indicated that REV7 preferentially binds GTP-bound RAN, implying that a GTP/GDP-bound transition of RAN may serve as the molecular switch that controls REV7"s activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	98-101
31484720-9	2019	Our structural and biochemical results further indicated that REV7 preferentially binds GTP-bound RAN, implying that a GTP/GDP-bound transition of RAN may serve as the molecular switch that controls REV7"s activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	RAN, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	147-150
31484720-9	2019	Our structural and biochemical results further indicated that REV7 preferentially binds GTP-bound RAN, implying that a GTP/GDP-bound transition of RAN may serve as the molecular switch that controls REV7"s activity.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-126	mitotic arrest deficient 2 like 2	Homo sapiens	199-203
31601708-3	2019	Nutrients switch the heterodimeric Rag GTPases between four different nucleotide binding states, only one of which (RagA/B GTP-RagC/D GDP) permits mTORC1 association.	Guanosine Diphosphate	134-137	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1	Mus musculus	147-153
31611569-0	2019	Switch of the interactions between the ribosomal stalk and EF1A in the GTP- and GDP-bound conformations.	Guanosine Diphosphate	80-83	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	59-63
31611569-1	2019	Translation elongation factor EF1A delivers aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome in a GTP-bound form, and is released from the ribosome in a GDP-bound form.	Guanosine Diphosphate	135-138	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	30-34
31611569-5	2019	Intriguingly, the C-terminal domain (CTD) of aP1 binds to aEF1A GTP with a similar affinity to aEF1A GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	101-104	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	45-48
31611569-9	2019	Comparison of the structures of aP1-CTD aEF1A GTP and aP1-CTD aEF1A GDP demonstrates that the binding mode of aP1 changes markedly upon a conformational switch between the GTP- and GDP-bound forms of aEF1A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	68-71	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	54-57
31611569-9	2019	Comparison of the structures of aP1-CTD aEF1A GTP and aP1-CTD aEF1A GDP demonstrates that the binding mode of aP1 changes markedly upon a conformational switch between the GTP- and GDP-bound forms of aEF1A.	Guanosine Diphosphate	181-184	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	54-57
31264742-6	2019	Preferential binding to dominant negative (GDP-bound) versus wild-type or constitutively active (GTP-bound) RAB-A2a variants discriminates between TRAPPII and TRAPPIII subunits and shows that Arabidopsis complexes differ from yeast but resemble metazoan TRAPP complexes.	Guanosine Diphosphate	43-46	RAB GTPase 11C	Arabidopsis thaliana	108-115
31199074-6	2019	Using truncated hGBP-2 variants, we found that its GTP-binding domain alone hydrolyses GTP only to GDP.	Guanosine Diphosphate	99-102	guanylate binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	16-22
31444285-6	2019	The mobility of late endosome/lysosome-associated RAB-7 is reduced in epg-5 mutants, and this defect is rescued by simultaneous loss of function of rbg-1 Expression of the GDP-bound form of RAB-7 also promotes lysosomal biogenesis and suppresses the autophagy defect in epg-5 mutants.	Guanosine Diphosphate	172-175	RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	50-55
31444285-6	2019	The mobility of late endosome/lysosome-associated RAB-7 is reduced in epg-5 mutants, and this defect is rescued by simultaneous loss of function of rbg-1 Expression of the GDP-bound form of RAB-7 also promotes lysosomal biogenesis and suppresses the autophagy defect in epg-5 mutants.	Guanosine Diphosphate	172-175	ectopic P-granules 5 autophagy tethering factor	Homo sapiens	70-75
31444285-6	2019	The mobility of late endosome/lysosome-associated RAB-7 is reduced in epg-5 mutants, and this defect is rescued by simultaneous loss of function of rbg-1 Expression of the GDP-bound form of RAB-7 also promotes lysosomal biogenesis and suppresses the autophagy defect in epg-5 mutants.	Guanosine Diphosphate	172-175	RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	190-195
31444285-6	2019	The mobility of late endosome/lysosome-associated RAB-7 is reduced in epg-5 mutants, and this defect is rescued by simultaneous loss of function of rbg-1 Expression of the GDP-bound form of RAB-7 also promotes lysosomal biogenesis and suppresses the autophagy defect in epg-5 mutants.	Guanosine Diphosphate	172-175	ectopic P-granules 5 autophagy tethering factor	Homo sapiens	270-275
31411940-8	2019	Overexpression of the GDP-locked Rsr1 interferes with Bem1-dependent Exo70 polarization.	Guanosine Diphosphate	22-25	Ras family GTPase RSR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	33-37
31341022-2	2019	Here, we report a crystal structure of GDP-bound KRASV14I, a mutated KRAS variant associated with the developmental RASopathy disorder Noonan syndrome (NS), at 1.5-1.6 A resolution.	Guanosine Diphosphate	39-42	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	49-53
31411940-8	2019	Overexpression of the GDP-locked Rsr1 interferes with Bem1-dependent Exo70 polarization.	Guanosine Diphosphate	22-25	phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate-binding protein BEM1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	54-58
31411940-8	2019	Overexpression of the GDP-locked Rsr1 interferes with Bem1-dependent Exo70 polarization.	Guanosine Diphosphate	22-25	GTP-Rho binding exocyst subunit EXO70	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	69-74
31411940-9	2019	We thus propose that Rsr1 functions in spatial and temporal regulation of polarity establishment by associating with distinct polarity factors in its GTP- and GDP-bound states.	Guanosine Diphosphate	159-162	Ras family GTPase RSR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	21-25
31507338-14	2019	The insulin pump therapy can be considered cost-effective in the context of the IMSS when considering a threshold of three GDPs per capita with 43.9% probability.	Guanosine Diphosphate	123-127	insulin	Homo sapiens	4-11
31339036-12	2019	The orientation and dynamics of KRAS4b on the membrane are critical to understanding the mechanisms of oncoprotein signaling, and our results with the GDP-bound form show subtle differences from that published for GTP-KRAS4b.	Guanosine Diphosphate	151-154	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	32-38
31339036-12	2019	The orientation and dynamics of KRAS4b on the membrane are critical to understanding the mechanisms of oncoprotein signaling, and our results with the GDP-bound form show subtle differences from that published for GTP-KRAS4b.	Guanosine Diphosphate	151-154	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	218-224
31292193-8	2019	Moreover, expression of a GDP-bound Rab5 mutant (Rab5/S34N) or shRNA-mediated knockdown of endogenous Rab5 prevented FAK-induced A549 cell migration, whereas expression of WT or GTP-bound Rab5 (Rab5/Q79L), but not Rab5/S34N, promoted cell migration in FAK-null fibroblasts.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	36-40
31292193-8	2019	Moreover, expression of a GDP-bound Rab5 mutant (Rab5/S34N) or shRNA-mediated knockdown of endogenous Rab5 prevented FAK-induced A549 cell migration, whereas expression of WT or GTP-bound Rab5 (Rab5/Q79L), but not Rab5/S34N, promoted cell migration in FAK-null fibroblasts.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	49-53
31292193-8	2019	Moreover, expression of a GDP-bound Rab5 mutant (Rab5/S34N) or shRNA-mediated knockdown of endogenous Rab5 prevented FAK-induced A549 cell migration, whereas expression of WT or GTP-bound Rab5 (Rab5/Q79L), but not Rab5/S34N, promoted cell migration in FAK-null fibroblasts.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	49-53
31292193-8	2019	Moreover, expression of a GDP-bound Rab5 mutant (Rab5/S34N) or shRNA-mediated knockdown of endogenous Rab5 prevented FAK-induced A549 cell migration, whereas expression of WT or GTP-bound Rab5 (Rab5/Q79L), but not Rab5/S34N, promoted cell migration in FAK-null fibroblasts.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	protein tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	117-120
31292193-8	2019	Moreover, expression of a GDP-bound Rab5 mutant (Rab5/S34N) or shRNA-mediated knockdown of endogenous Rab5 prevented FAK-induced A549 cell migration, whereas expression of WT or GTP-bound Rab5 (Rab5/Q79L), but not Rab5/S34N, promoted cell migration in FAK-null fibroblasts.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	49-53
31292193-8	2019	Moreover, expression of a GDP-bound Rab5 mutant (Rab5/S34N) or shRNA-mediated knockdown of endogenous Rab5 prevented FAK-induced A549 cell migration, whereas expression of WT or GTP-bound Rab5 (Rab5/Q79L), but not Rab5/S34N, promoted cell migration in FAK-null fibroblasts.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	49-53
31292193-8	2019	Moreover, expression of a GDP-bound Rab5 mutant (Rab5/S34N) or shRNA-mediated knockdown of endogenous Rab5 prevented FAK-induced A549 cell migration, whereas expression of WT or GTP-bound Rab5 (Rab5/Q79L), but not Rab5/S34N, promoted cell migration in FAK-null fibroblasts.	Guanosine Diphosphate	26-29	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	49-53