PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 26092968-0 2016 Influence of the A118G Polymorphism of the OPRM1 Gene and Exon 3 VNTR Polymorphism of the DRD4 Gene on Cigarette Craving After Alcohol Administration. Alcohols 127-134 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 90-94 26307243-3 2015 We hypothesized that DRD4 genotype status would moderate the impact of 7th-grade antisocial peer pressure on 12th-grade lifetime alcohol use (n = 414; 58.7% female; 92.8% White). Alcohols 129-136 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 21-25 26307243-5 2015 Adolescent DRD4 genotype moderated the association between peer pressure and lifetime alcohol use. Alcohols 86-93 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 11-15 26307243-6 2015 For individuals who carried at least one copy of the DRD4 7-repeat allele (7+), antisocial peer pressure was associated with increased lifetime alcohol use. Alcohols 144-151 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 53-57 26146874-10 2015 Polymorphisms of the DRD2, ANKK1, DAT1, DBH, and DRD4 genes have been found to moderate the effects of pharmacotherapy of alcohol, opioid, and cocaine use disorders. Alcohols 122-129 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 49-53 27087792-0 2015 Associations Between a Dopamine D4 Receptor Gene, Alcohol Use, and Sexual Behaviors among Female Adolescent African Americans. Alcohols 50-57 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 23-43 26307064-0 2015 DRD2 and DRD4 genes related to cognitive deficits in HIV-infected adults who abuse alcohol. Alcohols 83-90 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 9-13 27087792-2 2015 We sought to explore the association between a dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4), a genetic marker associated with natural variations in rewarding behaviors, and self-reported alcohol-use and sexual risk-behaviors, while controlling for other known correlates of risk-taking such as impulsivity, sensation seeking, and peer norms among a group of high-risk African American female adolescents to evaluate whether this biological factor enhances our understanding of patterns of risk in this vulnerable group. Alcohols 175-182 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 47-67 27087792-2 2015 We sought to explore the association between a dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4), a genetic marker associated with natural variations in rewarding behaviors, and self-reported alcohol-use and sexual risk-behaviors, while controlling for other known correlates of risk-taking such as impulsivity, sensation seeking, and peer norms among a group of high-risk African American female adolescents to evaluate whether this biological factor enhances our understanding of patterns of risk in this vulnerable group. Alcohols 175-182 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 74-78 23298155-2 2013 We hypothesized that carriage of high-repetition variants (HRV) of the variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) in exon III of the dopamine receptor D4 gene, linked to binge-drinking and risk-seeking behavior, might be a proxy measure of alcohol consumption, and aimed to verify whether it may affect histologic outcome. Alcohols 238-245 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 131-151 25457740-1 2014 BACKGROUND: The long allele of DRD4 is associated with greater susceptibility to peer influences on alcohol use in young adulthood, but it is unclear whether this increased susceptibility extends to other developmental periods. Alcohols 100-107 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 31-35 25457740-6 2014 RESULTS: Alcohol use at age 33 was predicted by previous friends" alcohol use and correlated with current friends" alcohol use only for carriers of the DRD4 long allele. Alcohols 9-16 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 152-156 25457740-6 2014 RESULTS: Alcohol use at age 33 was predicted by previous friends" alcohol use and correlated with current friends" alcohol use only for carriers of the DRD4 long allele. Alcohols 115-122 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 152-156 25457740-9 2014 CONCLUSIONS: The long allele of DRD4 is associated with increased susceptibility to peer influences on alcohol use in young adulthood, but not earlier in development. Alcohols 103-110 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 32-36 24611835-0 2014 Interactive association of dopamine receptor (DRD4) genotype and ADHD on alcohol expectancies in children. Alcohols 73-80 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 46-50 24611835-8 2014 These preliminary results suggest that, among DRD4 youth, early ADHD symptoms predict that children will expect alcohol to have wild/crazy effects. Alcohols 112-119 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 46-50 23294086-3 2013 RESULTS: We found that (a) variance in dopaminergic (DRD2, DRD4, ANKK1) and GABAergic (GABRG1, GABRA2) genes forecast increases in alcohol use across 2 years, and (b) youths at genetic risk who were assigned to the control condition displayed greater increases in alcohol use across 2 years than did youths at genetic risk who were assigned to the prevention condition or youths without genetic risk who were assigned to either condition. Alcohols 131-138 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 59-63 23294086-3 2013 RESULTS: We found that (a) variance in dopaminergic (DRD2, DRD4, ANKK1) and GABAergic (GABRG1, GABRA2) genes forecast increases in alcohol use across 2 years, and (b) youths at genetic risk who were assigned to the control condition displayed greater increases in alcohol use across 2 years than did youths at genetic risk who were assigned to the prevention condition or youths without genetic risk who were assigned to either condition. Alcohols 264-271 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 59-63 21392174-4 2012 Because the long allele (>= 7 repeats) of the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene has been associated with susceptibility to alcohol and alcohol-related cues, we tested whether associations between best friend"s and adolescent"s alcohol use differed for DRD4 genotypes. Alcohols 125-132 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 49-69 21392174-4 2012 Because the long allele (>= 7 repeats) of the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene has been associated with susceptibility to alcohol and alcohol-related cues, we tested whether associations between best friend"s and adolescent"s alcohol use differed for DRD4 genotypes. Alcohols 125-132 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 71-75 21392174-4 2012 Because the long allele (>= 7 repeats) of the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene has been associated with susceptibility to alcohol and alcohol-related cues, we tested whether associations between best friend"s and adolescent"s alcohol use differed for DRD4 genotypes. Alcohols 137-144 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 49-69 21392174-4 2012 Because the long allele (>= 7 repeats) of the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene has been associated with susceptibility to alcohol and alcohol-related cues, we tested whether associations between best friend"s and adolescent"s alcohol use differed for DRD4 genotypes. Alcohols 137-144 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 71-75 21392174-4 2012 Because the long allele (>= 7 repeats) of the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene has been associated with susceptibility to alcohol and alcohol-related cues, we tested whether associations between best friend"s and adolescent"s alcohol use differed for DRD4 genotypes. Alcohols 137-144 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 49-69 21392174-4 2012 Because the long allele (>= 7 repeats) of the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene has been associated with susceptibility to alcohol and alcohol-related cues, we tested whether associations between best friend"s and adolescent"s alcohol use differed for DRD4 genotypes. Alcohols 137-144 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 71-75 21392174-8 2012 Additionally, with latent growth curve models, it was examined whether the interaction between friends" drinking and DRD4 genotype predicted the development of adolescents" alcohol use. Alcohols 173-180 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 117-121 18715282-0 2009 The dopamine D Receptor (DRD4) gene exon III polymorphism, problematic alcohol use and novelty seeking: direct and mediated genetic effects. Alcohols 71-78 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 25-29 22347363-0 2012 DRD4 polymorphism moderates the effect of alcohol consumption on social bonding. Alcohols 42-49 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 0-4 22347363-6 2012 These data converge with other recent gene-environment interaction findings implicating the DRD4 polymorphism in the development of alcohol use disorders, and results suggest a specific pathway by which social factors may increase risk for problematic drinking among 7-repeat carriers. Alcohols 132-139 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 92-96 22436571-0 2011 The effect of the OPRM1 and DRD4 polymorphisms on the relation between attentional bias and alcohol use in adolescence and young adulthood. Alcohols 92-99 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 28-32 21381802-0 2011 Interaction between the DRD4 VNTR polymorphism and proximal and distal environments in alcohol dependence during emerging and young adulthood. Alcohols 87-94 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 24-28 21381802-2 2011 Taking a developmental approach, we characterized interaction between the dopamine receptor 4 variable number tandem repeat (DRD4 VNTR) polymorphism and developmentally specific environmental factors (childhood adversity, college/Greek organization involvement, and delayed adult role transition) on alcohol dependence during emerging and young adulthood. Alcohols 300-307 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 125-129 21381802-6 2011 Carriers of the DRD4 long allele showed greater susceptibility to environmental effects; they showed more persistent symptoms of alcohol dependence as childhood adversity increased and more alcohol dependence symptoms limited to emerging adulthood as college/Greek organization involvement increased. Alcohols 129-136 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 16-20 21106310-0 2011 DRD2 and DRD4 in relation to regular alcohol and cannabis use among adolescents: does parenting modify the impact of genetic vulnerability? Alcohols 37-44 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 9-13 21106310-2 2011 AIMS: The aims of the present study were to determine the direct effect of DRD2 and DRD4, as well as their interaction with parenting (i.e. rejection, overprotection and emotional warmth), on the development of regular alcohol and cannabis use in 1192 Dutch adolescents from the general population. Alcohols 219-226 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 84-88 20610847-0 2010 A variable-number-of-tandem-repeats polymorphism in the dopamine D4 receptor gene affects social adaptation of alcohol use: investigation of a gene-environment interaction. Alcohols 111-118 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 56-76 20141248-0 2010 Polymorphisms of the mu-opioid receptor and dopamine D4 receptor genes and subjective responses to alcohol in the natural environment. Alcohols 99-106 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 44-64 20141248-1 2010 Polymorphisms of the mu-opioid receptor (OPRM1) and dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) genes are associated with subjective responses to alcohol and urge to drink under laboratory conditions. Alcohols 130-137 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 52-72 20141248-1 2010 Polymorphisms of the mu-opioid receptor (OPRM1) and dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) genes are associated with subjective responses to alcohol and urge to drink under laboratory conditions. Alcohols 130-137 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 74-78 20141248-7 2010 Effects of OPRM1 and DRD4 variable-number-of-tandem-repeats genotypes appear to be alcohol dose-dependent. Alcohols 83-90 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 21-25 20141248-8 2010 Specifically, carriers of the DRD4-L allele reported slight decreases in urge to drink at higher levels of estimated blood alcohol concentration (eBAC), and Asp40 carriers reported decreases in vigor and increases in negative mood as eBAC rose, as compared to carriers of the major allele for each gene. Alcohols 123-130 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 30-34 20482509-5 2010 Promising findings include the observations that a polymorphism in GABRA2 predicts the response to specific psychotherapies; a polymorphism in DRD4 predicts the effects of the antipsychotic olanzapine on craving for alcohol and drinking behavior; and a polymorphism in GRIKI predicts adverse events resulting from treatment with the anticonvulsant topiramate. Alcohols 216-223 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 143-147 18715282-2 2009 Specifically, this study tested a model in which novelty seeking mediated the relationship between DRD4 variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) genotype and problematic alcohol use. Alcohols 170-177 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 99-103 18715282-4 2009 Analyses using a structural equation modeling framework suggested that the significant direct path between DRD4 VNTR genotype and problematic alcohol use was reduced to a trend level in the context of a model that included novelty seeking as a mediator, thereby suggesting that the effects of DRD4 VNTR genotype on problematic alcohol use among heavy-drinking young adults were partially mediated by novelty seeking. Alcohols 142-149 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 107-111 18715282-4 2009 Analyses using a structural equation modeling framework suggested that the significant direct path between DRD4 VNTR genotype and problematic alcohol use was reduced to a trend level in the context of a model that included novelty seeking as a mediator, thereby suggesting that the effects of DRD4 VNTR genotype on problematic alcohol use among heavy-drinking young adults were partially mediated by novelty seeking. Alcohols 142-149 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 293-297 18715282-4 2009 Analyses using a structural equation modeling framework suggested that the significant direct path between DRD4 VNTR genotype and problematic alcohol use was reduced to a trend level in the context of a model that included novelty seeking as a mediator, thereby suggesting that the effects of DRD4 VNTR genotype on problematic alcohol use among heavy-drinking young adults were partially mediated by novelty seeking. Alcohols 327-334 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 107-111 18715282-4 2009 Analyses using a structural equation modeling framework suggested that the significant direct path between DRD4 VNTR genotype and problematic alcohol use was reduced to a trend level in the context of a model that included novelty seeking as a mediator, thereby suggesting that the effects of DRD4 VNTR genotype on problematic alcohol use among heavy-drinking young adults were partially mediated by novelty seeking. Alcohols 327-334 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 293-297 18715282-6 2009 These results extend recent findings of the association between this polymorphism of the DRD4 receptor gene, problematic alcohol use and novelty seeking. Alcohols 121-128 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 89-93 16237394-1 2006 Previous studies have indicated that olanzapine decreases craving after a priming dose of alcohol, that craving after a priming dose of alcohol is greater among individuals with the seven-repeat allele of the DRD4 variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphism, and that the effect of olanzapine (a D2/D4 antagonist) is more pronounced among individuals with this allele. Alcohols 90-97 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 209-213 18540916-0 2008 Differential neural response to alcohol priming and alcohol taste cues is associated with DRD4 VNTR and OPRM1 genotypes. Alcohols 32-39 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 90-94 18540916-0 2008 Differential neural response to alcohol priming and alcohol taste cues is associated with DRD4 VNTR and OPRM1 genotypes. Alcohols 52-59 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 90-94 18540916-1 2008 BACKGROUND: Studies suggest that polymorphisms in the D4 dopamine receptor (DRD4) and opioid receptor, mu 1 (OPRM1) genes are involved in differential response to the effects of alcohol and to alcohol cues. Alcohols 178-185 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 54-74 18540916-1 2008 BACKGROUND: Studies suggest that polymorphisms in the D4 dopamine receptor (DRD4) and opioid receptor, mu 1 (OPRM1) genes are involved in differential response to the effects of alcohol and to alcohol cues. Alcohols 178-185 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 76-80 18540916-1 2008 BACKGROUND: Studies suggest that polymorphisms in the D4 dopamine receptor (DRD4) and opioid receptor, mu 1 (OPRM1) genes are involved in differential response to the effects of alcohol and to alcohol cues. Alcohols 193-200 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 54-74 18540916-1 2008 BACKGROUND: Studies suggest that polymorphisms in the D4 dopamine receptor (DRD4) and opioid receptor, mu 1 (OPRM1) genes are involved in differential response to the effects of alcohol and to alcohol cues. Alcohols 193-200 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 76-80 18540916-3 2008 METHODS: Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, hemodynamic response in mesocorticolimbic structures after exposure to alcohol tastes was contrasted with a control taste and compared between DRD4 variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) genotypes and OPRM1 A118G genotypes. Alcohols 125-132 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 197-201 18540916-5 2008 RESULTS: The results indicated that DRD4 VNTR >7 repeat individuals (DRD4.L) had significantly greater response to alcohol cues in the orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate gyrus, and striatum compared with individuals with <7 repeats (DRD4.S) prior to a priming dose of alcohol (p < 0.05), but not after a priming dose. Alcohols 118-125 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 36-40 18540916-5 2008 RESULTS: The results indicated that DRD4 VNTR >7 repeat individuals (DRD4.L) had significantly greater response to alcohol cues in the orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate gyrus, and striatum compared with individuals with <7 repeats (DRD4.S) prior to a priming dose of alcohol (p < 0.05), but not after a priming dose. Alcohols 118-125 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 72-76 18540916-5 2008 RESULTS: The results indicated that DRD4 VNTR >7 repeat individuals (DRD4.L) had significantly greater response to alcohol cues in the orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate gyrus, and striatum compared with individuals with <7 repeats (DRD4.S) prior to a priming dose of alcohol (p < 0.05), but not after a priming dose. Alcohols 118-125 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 72-76 18540916-5 2008 RESULTS: The results indicated that DRD4 VNTR >7 repeat individuals (DRD4.L) had significantly greater response to alcohol cues in the orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate gyrus, and striatum compared with individuals with <7 repeats (DRD4.S) prior to a priming dose of alcohol (p < 0.05), but not after a priming dose. Alcohols 280-287 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 36-40 18540916-5 2008 RESULTS: The results indicated that DRD4 VNTR >7 repeat individuals (DRD4.L) had significantly greater response to alcohol cues in the orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate gyrus, and striatum compared with individuals with <7 repeats (DRD4.S) prior to a priming dose of alcohol (p < 0.05), but not after a priming dose. Alcohols 280-287 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 72-76 18540916-5 2008 RESULTS: The results indicated that DRD4 VNTR >7 repeat individuals (DRD4.L) had significantly greater response to alcohol cues in the orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate gyrus, and striatum compared with individuals with <7 repeats (DRD4.S) prior to a priming dose of alcohol (p < 0.05), but not after a priming dose. Alcohols 280-287 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 72-76 18540916-7 2008 For the DRD4.L and OPRM1 + 118 G groups, brain response in the striatum was highly correlated with measures of alcohol use and behavior such that greater activity corresponded with greater frequency and quantity of alcohol use. Alcohols 111-118 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 8-12 18540916-7 2008 For the DRD4.L and OPRM1 + 118 G groups, brain response in the striatum was highly correlated with measures of alcohol use and behavior such that greater activity corresponded with greater frequency and quantity of alcohol use. Alcohols 215-222 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 8-12 18540916-8 2008 CONCLUSIONS: The DRD4 VNTR and OPRM1 A118G polymorphisms are associated with functional neural changes in mesocorticolimbic structures after exposure to alcohol cues. Alcohols 153-160 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 17-21 17440951-3 2007 Drawing on the life course perspective, we predicted a stronger association between the polymorphisms in 5HTT, DAT1, DRD4, DRD2, and MAOA and alcohol consumption in young adulthood than adolescence. Alcohols 142-149 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 117-121 17508995-1 2007 Polymorphisms in the D4 dopamine receptor gene (DRD4) and the CB1 cannabinoid receptor gene (CNR1) have been associated with a differential response to alcohol after consumption. Alcohols 152-159 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 21-41 17508995-1 2007 Polymorphisms in the D4 dopamine receptor gene (DRD4) and the CB1 cannabinoid receptor gene (CNR1) have been associated with a differential response to alcohol after consumption. Alcohols 152-159 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 48-52 17508995-8 2007 Unexpectedly, the DRD4 L participants reported, on average, less craving for alcohol and more subjective arousal during cue exposure, compared with the DRD4 S participants. Alcohols 77-84 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 18-22 17309802-0 2007 Effects of craving and DRD4 VNTR genotype on the relative value of alcohol: an initial human laboratory study. Alcohols 67-74 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 23-27 17309802-10 2007 CONCLUSION: These results are interpreted as generally supporting Loewenstein"s visceral theory of craving and evidence of a functional role of DRD4 VNTR genotype in the expression of craving for alcohol. Alcohols 196-203 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 144-148 16945348-3 2007 The aim of this study was to examine whether allelic variants of the dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) are associated with alcohol use in adolescents and to determine the extent to which these links are mediated by NS. Alcohols 122-129 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 69-89 16945348-3 2007 The aim of this study was to examine whether allelic variants of the dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) are associated with alcohol use in adolescents and to determine the extent to which these links are mediated by NS. Alcohols 122-129 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 96-100 16945348-6 2007 RESULTS: Male participants carrying the 7-repeat allele of DRD4 drank higher maximum amounts of alcohol per occasion and had greater lifetime rates of heavy drinking than male participants without this allele. Alcohols 96-103 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 59-63 16237394-1 2006 Previous studies have indicated that olanzapine decreases craving after a priming dose of alcohol, that craving after a priming dose of alcohol is greater among individuals with the seven-repeat allele of the DRD4 variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphism, and that the effect of olanzapine (a D2/D4 antagonist) is more pronounced among individuals with this allele. Alcohols 136-143 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 209-213 16237394-5 2006 The results suggested that participants who were homozygous or heterozygous for the seven (or longer)-repeat allele of the DRD4 VNTR responded to olanzapine with reductions in cue-elicited craving as well as reductions in alcohol consumption over the course of the 12-week trial, whereas individuals with the shorter alleles did not respond favorably to olanzapine. Alcohols 222-229 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 123-127 16182111-7 2005 RESULTS: We found associations between the DRD4 long allele and increased systolic BP (P = .031), diastolic BP (P = .034), and a history of regular alcohol use (P = .008). Alcohols 148-155 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 43-47 14756717-0 2004 Reduced dopamine D4 receptor mRNA expression in lymphocytes of long-term abstinent alcohol and heroin addicts. Alcohols 83-90 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 8-28 15900228-2 2005 We wanted to test whether parental alcohol use during childhood moderated the effect of an offspring dopamine receptor gene (DRD4) polymorphism on the temperament trait of novelty seeking in adulthood. Alcohols 35-42 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 125-129 15900228-5 2005 For the participants with the father, but not the mother, reporting more frequent alcohol consumption or drunkenness in examinations 17 and/or 14 years before the novelty-seeking assessment, an association between the short (two- or five-repeat) alleles of the DRD4 gene and extremely high novelty-seeking scores was observed. Alcohols 82-89 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 261-265 14756717-3 2004 DESIGN: Dopamine D3 and D4 receptor mRNA expression in peripheral blood lymphocytes was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 19 alcohol addicts, abstinent for 6.2 +/- 4.7 months (mean +/- SD), and 20 heroin addicts, abstinent for 6.7 +/- 3.7 months (mean +/- SD), and compared to a control group of 29 age- and sex-matched individuals with no life-time history of substance abuse. Alcohols 148-155 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 8-35 11950104-0 2002 The DRD4 VNTR polymorphism moderates craving after alcohol consumption. Alcohols 51-58 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 4-8 12888781-0 2003 Olanzapine reduces craving for alcohol: a DRD4 VNTR polymorphism by pharmacotherapy interaction. Alcohols 31-38 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 42-46 12888781-1 2003 Separate investigations have suggested that olanzapine, a D4 antagonist, decreases craving after a priming dose of alcohol and that the DRD4 variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphism influences the expression of craving after a priming dose of alcohol. Alcohols 256-263 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 136-140 12888781-5 2003 Participants who were homozygous or heterozygous for the 7 (or longer) repeat allele of the DRD4 VNTR were classified as DRD4 L, while the other participants were classified as DRD4 S. The findings indicated that olanzapine reduces craving for alcohol at baseline for both DRD4 S and DRD4 L individuals, but only reduces craving after exposure to alcohol cues and after a priming dose of alcohol for DRD4 L individuals. Alcohols 244-251 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 92-96 12888781-5 2003 Participants who were homozygous or heterozygous for the 7 (or longer) repeat allele of the DRD4 VNTR were classified as DRD4 L, while the other participants were classified as DRD4 S. The findings indicated that olanzapine reduces craving for alcohol at baseline for both DRD4 S and DRD4 L individuals, but only reduces craving after exposure to alcohol cues and after a priming dose of alcohol for DRD4 L individuals. Alcohols 347-354 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 92-96 12888781-5 2003 Participants who were homozygous or heterozygous for the 7 (or longer) repeat allele of the DRD4 VNTR were classified as DRD4 L, while the other participants were classified as DRD4 S. The findings indicated that olanzapine reduces craving for alcohol at baseline for both DRD4 S and DRD4 L individuals, but only reduces craving after exposure to alcohol cues and after a priming dose of alcohol for DRD4 L individuals. Alcohols 347-354 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 92-96 9603615-1 1998 The relationship of various dimensions of temperament, measured by the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ), to polymorphisms of the D2 dopamine receptor (DRD2) and D4 dopamine receptor (DRD4) genes was determined in 119 healthy Caucasian boys who had not yet begun to consume alcohol and other drugs of abuse. Alcohols 287-294 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 197-201 11244477-0 2001 DRD4 and DAT1 as modifying genes in alcoholism: interaction with novelty seeking on level of alcohol consumption. Alcohols 36-43 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 0-4 20575843-7 2000 The impact of the DRD4 exon III polymorphism on susceptibility to addictive behaviour putatively plays only a minor role in our sample of alcohol-dependent patients, since we were not able to replicate our findings by the family-based association approach. Alcohols 138-145 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 18-22 29992684-7 2018 Effects of alcohol-facilitating environments (eg, heavy drinking peers) on late adolescent and young adult drinking appeared to differ across DRD4 or OPRM1 genotypes. Alcohols 11-18 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 142-146 9342196-3 1997 Our population-based association study tested the hypothesis that the DRD4*7R variant predisposes to high levels of novelty seeking, which may underlie alcohol-seeking behavior. Alcohols 152-159 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 70-74 31149768-0 2020 Parsing out the role of dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) on alcohol-related phenotypes: A meta-analysis and systematic review. Alcohols 60-67 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 24-44 31149768-0 2020 Parsing out the role of dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) on alcohol-related phenotypes: A meta-analysis and systematic review. Alcohols 60-67 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 51-55 31149768-3 2020 To date, no quantitative synthesis of the published literature on the effects of DRD4 VNTR variation on alcohol-related phenotypes has been conducted. Alcohols 104-111 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 81-85 31149768-10 2020 The present meta-analysis suggests DRD4 VNTR variation may be a risk factor for problematic alcohol use. Alcohols 92-99 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 35-39 28234207-2 2017 Given that prenatal exposure to alcohol or smoking is known to affect dopamine-rich brain regions, we hypothesized that individuals carrying the ADHD risk alleles of the dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) and dopamine transporter (DAT1) genes may be especially sensitive to their effects. Alcohols 32-39 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 170-190 26902782-0 2017 The interaction between the dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) variable number tandem repeat polymorphism and perceived peer drinking norms in adolescent alcohol use and misuse. Alcohols 147-154 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 28-48 27898587-5 2017 Alcohol exposure during pregnancy was found to alter methylation patterns of several imprinted genes (H19, SLC22A18, SLC6A3, DRD4). Alcohols 0-7 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 125-129 26902782-0 2017 The interaction between the dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) variable number tandem repeat polymorphism and perceived peer drinking norms in adolescent alcohol use and misuse. Alcohols 147-154 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 50-54 29492300-4 2016 To investigate whether antenatal and early postnatal alcohol consumption were associated with differential dopamine receptor DRD4 promoter methylation in infants (n = 844). Alcohols 53-60 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 125-129 26902782-7 2017 Although replication and meta-analytic synthesis are needed, these findings suggest that in part genetically determined peer selection (carriers of the DRD4 seven-repeat allele tend to associate with peers who have more favorable attitudes toward drinking and greater alcohol use) and peer socialization (carriers" subsequent drinking behaviors are more strongly associated with their peer drinking norms) may differ across adolescent developmental stages. Alcohols 268-275 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 152-156 26581567-1 2016 Polymorphisms in the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) have previously been shown to associate with a variety of human behavioral phenotypes, including ADHD pathology, alcohol and tobacco craving, financial risk-taking in males, and broader personality traits such as novelty seeking. Alcohols 162-169 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 21-41 26581567-1 2016 Polymorphisms in the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) have previously been shown to associate with a variety of human behavioral phenotypes, including ADHD pathology, alcohol and tobacco craving, financial risk-taking in males, and broader personality traits such as novelty seeking. Alcohols 162-169 dopamine receptor D4 Homo sapiens 43-47