PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 26055129-6 2015 RESULTS: We demonstrated that kinsenoside increased both adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL)-mediated lipolysis, which was upregulated by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation, and the hydrolysis of triglycerides to glycerol and fatty acids that require transportation into mitochondria for further beta-oxidation. Fatty Acids 237-248 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 57-84 25778769-1 2015 Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) catalyzes the degradation of cellular triacylglycerol stores and strongly determines the concentration of circulating fatty acids (FAs). Fatty Acids 153-164 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 0-27 25778769-1 2015 Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) catalyzes the degradation of cellular triacylglycerol stores and strongly determines the concentration of circulating fatty acids (FAs). Fatty Acids 153-164 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 29-33 25778769-1 2015 Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) catalyzes the degradation of cellular triacylglycerol stores and strongly determines the concentration of circulating fatty acids (FAs). Fatty Acids 166-169 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 0-27 25778769-1 2015 Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) catalyzes the degradation of cellular triacylglycerol stores and strongly determines the concentration of circulating fatty acids (FAs). Fatty Acids 166-169 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 29-33 25778769-3 2015 ATGL-specific inhibitors could be used to lower circulating FAs, which can counteract the development of insulin resistance. Fatty Acids 60-63 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 0-4 25852007-2 2015 We used pharmacological blockers of the major triglyceride lipases, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and hormone-sensitive lipase, to show that a large proportion of the fatty acids that are transported into myotubes are trafficked through the intramyocellular triglyceride pool. Fatty Acids 172-183 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 68-95 25852007-2 2015 We used pharmacological blockers of the major triglyceride lipases, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and hormone-sensitive lipase, to show that a large proportion of the fatty acids that are transported into myotubes are trafficked through the intramyocellular triglyceride pool. Fatty Acids 172-183 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 97-101 26055129-6 2015 RESULTS: We demonstrated that kinsenoside increased both adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL)-mediated lipolysis, which was upregulated by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation, and the hydrolysis of triglycerides to glycerol and fatty acids that require transportation into mitochondria for further beta-oxidation. Fatty Acids 237-248 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 86-90 24610891-0 2014 Hepatic ATGL mediates PPAR-alpha signaling and fatty acid channeling through an L-FABP independent mechanism. Fatty Acids 47-57 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 8-12 25783895-1 2015 Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) is the rate-limiting enzyme mediating triacylglycerol hydrolysis in virtually all cells, including adipocytes and skeletal myocytes, and hence, plays a critical role in mobilizing fatty acids. Fatty Acids 215-226 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 0-27 25783895-1 2015 Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) is the rate-limiting enzyme mediating triacylglycerol hydrolysis in virtually all cells, including adipocytes and skeletal myocytes, and hence, plays a critical role in mobilizing fatty acids. Fatty Acids 215-226 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 29-33 25436917-7 2015 Moreover, the accumulation of ceramide was due to elevation of free fatty acids in ATGL-knockdown cardiomyocytes, which could be explained by the reduced activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) alpha leading to imbalance of fatty acid uptake and oxidation. Fatty Acids 68-78 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 83-87 26236747-5 2015 Fasting plasma free fatty-acids were significantly lower in ATGL(-/-) versus control mice (0.43 +- 0.05 mM versus 0.73 +- 0.11 mM, P < 0.05). Fatty Acids 20-31 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 60-64 25377876-6 2015 PHD2 genetic ablation and pharmacological inhibition attenuated protein levels of the key lipolytic effectors hormone-sensitive lipase and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), suggesting a link between adipocyte oxygen sensing and fatty acid release. Fatty Acids 230-240 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 168-172 21464445-13 2011 CONCLUSIONS: The results are the first direct demonstration that 1) PEDF influences systemic fatty acid metabolism by promoting lipolysis in an ATGL-dependent manner and reducing fatty acid oxidation and 2) ATGL is required for the negative effects of PEDF on insulin action. Fatty Acids 93-103 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 207-211 23817015-8 2014 However, hearts from obese MHC-ATGL mice exhibited reduced reliance on palmitate oxidation when compared with the obese WT, which was accompanied by decreased expression of proteins involved in fatty acid uptake, storage and oxidation in MHC-ATGL hearts. Fatty Acids 194-204 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 31-35 23817015-9 2014 CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that cardiomyocyte-specific ATGL overexpression was sufficient to prevent cardiac steatosis and decrease fatty acid utilization following HFHS diet feeding, leading to protection against obesity-induced cardiac dysfunction. Fatty Acids 140-150 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 63-67 23708736-2 2013 Importantly, germline deletion of ATGL leads to marked cardiac steatosis and heart failure in part through reducing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) activity and subsequent fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Fatty Acids 201-211 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 34-38 22685301-9 2012 Knockdown of ATGL reduced cAMP-mediated induction of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation. Fatty Acids 71-81 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 13-17 22685301-10 2012 Consequently, ATGL knockdown reduced maximal oxidation of fatty acids, but not pyruvate, in response to cAMP stimulation. Fatty Acids 58-69 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 14-18 22234172-4 2012 Fatty acid release from adipose tissue explants was significantly increased in alcohol-fed mice in association with the activation of adipose triglyceride lipase and hormone-sensitive lipase. Fatty Acids 0-10 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 134-161 22158969-0 2012 Myocardial ATGL overexpression decreases the reliance on fatty acid oxidation and protects against pressure overload-induced cardiac dysfunction. Fatty Acids 57-67 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 11-15 22158969-5 2012 Surprisingly, fatty acid oxidation rates were decreased in ex vivo perfused working hearts from MHC-ATGL mice, which was compensated by increased rates of glucose oxidation. Fatty Acids 14-24 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 100-104 22271167-2 2012 Because fatty acids (FAs) may trigger ER stress, we hypothesized that the absence of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL/PNPLA2)-the main enzyme for intracellular lipolysis, releasing FAs, and closest homolog to adiponutrin (PNPLA3) recently implicated in the pathogenesis of NAFLD-protects against hepatic ER stress. Fatty Acids 8-19 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 85-112 22271167-2 2012 Because fatty acids (FAs) may trigger ER stress, we hypothesized that the absence of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL/PNPLA2)-the main enzyme for intracellular lipolysis, releasing FAs, and closest homolog to adiponutrin (PNPLA3) recently implicated in the pathogenesis of NAFLD-protects against hepatic ER stress. Fatty Acids 182-185 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 85-112 22271167-2 2012 Because fatty acids (FAs) may trigger ER stress, we hypothesized that the absence of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL/PNPLA2)-the main enzyme for intracellular lipolysis, releasing FAs, and closest homolog to adiponutrin (PNPLA3) recently implicated in the pathogenesis of NAFLD-protects against hepatic ER stress. Fatty Acids 182-185 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 114-118 22271167-2 2012 Because fatty acids (FAs) may trigger ER stress, we hypothesized that the absence of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL/PNPLA2)-the main enzyme for intracellular lipolysis, releasing FAs, and closest homolog to adiponutrin (PNPLA3) recently implicated in the pathogenesis of NAFLD-protects against hepatic ER stress. Fatty Acids 182-185 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 119-125 21106876-6 2011 ATGL-/- mice fed a HFD had elevated circulating fatty acids but had reduced fasting glycemia compared to pre-high-fat diet levels and were refractory to glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Fatty Acids 48-59 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 0-4 20842343-11 2011 While ATGL overproduction increased plasma non-esterified fatty acids, neither lipid deposition nor insulin-stimulated glucose uptake were affected in skeletal muscle. Fatty Acids 58-69 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 6-10 19491295-5 2009 Studies in isolated muscles revealed that the capacity of ATGL and HSL(-/-) muscle to transport exogenous fatty acids is not compromised and the capacity to oxidize fatty acids is actually increased (3.7- and 1.3-fold above WT for ATGL and HSL). Fatty Acids 106-117 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 58-62 20967758-0 2011 Adipose triglyceride lipase is a major hepatic lipase that regulates triacylglycerol turnover and fatty acid signaling and partitioning. Fatty Acids 98-108 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 0-27 20967758-5 2011 In addition to altering TAG hydrolysis, ATGL was shown to play a significant role in partitioning hydrolyzed fatty acids between metabolic pathways. Fatty Acids 109-120 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 40-44 20967758-6 2011 Although ATGL gain and loss of function did not alter hepatic TAG secretion, fatty acid oxidation was increased by ATGL overexpression and decreased by ATGL knockdown. Fatty Acids 77-87 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 115-119 20967758-6 2011 Although ATGL gain and loss of function did not alter hepatic TAG secretion, fatty acid oxidation was increased by ATGL overexpression and decreased by ATGL knockdown. Fatty Acids 77-87 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 115-119 20967758-7 2011 The effects on fatty acid oxidation coincided with decreased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-alpha) and its target genes in mice with suppressed hepatic ATGL expression. Fatty Acids 15-25 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 190-194 20967758-9 2011 CONCLUSION: Taken together, these data show that ATGL is a major hepatic TAG lipase that plays an integral role in fatty acid partitioning and signaling to control energy metabolism. Fatty Acids 115-125 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 49-53 19965578-0 2010 Adipose triglyceride lipase plays a key role in the supply of the working muscle with fatty acids. Fatty Acids 86-97 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 0-27 15891395-5 2005 We named the enzyme "adipose triglyceride lipase" in accordance with its predominant expression in adipose tissue, its high substrate specificity for triacylglycerols, and its function in the lipolytic mobilization of fatty acids. Fatty Acids 218-229 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 21-48 18337240-0 2008 Hepatic overexpression of hormone-sensitive lipase and adipose triglyceride lipase promotes fatty acid oxidation, stimulates direct release of free fatty acids, and ameliorates steatosis. Fatty Acids 92-102 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 55-82 18337240-8 2008 In summary, hepatic overexpression of HSL or ATGL can promote fatty acid oxidation, stimulate direct release of free fatty acid, and ameliorate hepatic steatosis. Fatty Acids 62-72 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 45-49 19448696-4 2009 Thus, it is now proposed that ATGL and HSL regulate lipolysis in a serial manner, with ATGL cleaving the first fatty acid and HSL the second fatty acid of TG. Fatty Acids 111-121 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 30-34 19448696-4 2009 Thus, it is now proposed that ATGL and HSL regulate lipolysis in a serial manner, with ATGL cleaving the first fatty acid and HSL the second fatty acid of TG. Fatty Acids 111-121 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 87-91 19448696-4 2009 Thus, it is now proposed that ATGL and HSL regulate lipolysis in a serial manner, with ATGL cleaving the first fatty acid and HSL the second fatty acid of TG. Fatty Acids 141-151 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 30-34 19448696-4 2009 Thus, it is now proposed that ATGL and HSL regulate lipolysis in a serial manner, with ATGL cleaving the first fatty acid and HSL the second fatty acid of TG. Fatty Acids 141-151 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 87-91 19136649-0 2009 Adipose overexpression of desnutrin promotes fatty acid use and attenuates diet-induced obesity. Fatty Acids 45-55 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 26-35 19136649-1 2009 OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of desnutrin in adipose tissue triacylglycerol (TAG) and fatty acid metabolism. Fatty Acids 92-102 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 38-47 19136649-7 2009 Desnutrin-mediated lipolysis promotes fatty acid oxidation and re-esterification within adipocytes. Fatty Acids 38-48 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 0-9 15891395-8 2005 SUMMARY: Although the regulation of adipose triglyceride lipase and its physiological function remain to be determined in mouse lines that lack or overexpress the enzyme, present data permit the conclusion that adipose triglyceride lipase is involved in the cellular mobilization of fatty acids, and they require a revision of the concept that hormone-sensitive lipase is the only enzyme involved in the lipolysis of adipose tissue triglycerides. Fatty Acids 283-294 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 36-63 15891395-8 2005 SUMMARY: Although the regulation of adipose triglyceride lipase and its physiological function remain to be determined in mouse lines that lack or overexpress the enzyme, present data permit the conclusion that adipose triglyceride lipase is involved in the cellular mobilization of fatty acids, and they require a revision of the concept that hormone-sensitive lipase is the only enzyme involved in the lipolysis of adipose tissue triglycerides. Fatty Acids 283-294 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 211-238 34185433-5 2021 Targeting adipose-specific ATGL in a murine (AKO) model resulted in diminished browning, decreased circulating fatty acids, and mitigation of burn-induced hepatomegaly. Fatty Acids 111-122 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 27-31 15337759-10 2004 Overall, our data suggest that the newly identified desnutrin gene codes for an adipocyte protein that may function as a lipase and play a role in the adaptive response to a low energy state, such as fasting, by providing fatty acids to other tissues for oxidation. Fatty Acids 222-233 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 52-61 32070194-2 2021 While numerous factors, including nutrient deprivation or overexpression of PNPLA2/ATGL (patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2) drive lipophagy, the trafficking of fatty acids (FAs) produced from this pathway is largely unknown. Fatty Acids 173-184 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 76-82 35470094-6 2022 RESULTS: ATGL is the most important lipase in terms of releasing fatty acids from lipid droplets, while DGAT1 accounts for the majority of fatty acid re-esterification in UCP1-ablated brown adipocytes. Fatty Acids 65-76 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 9-13 32070194-2 2021 While numerous factors, including nutrient deprivation or overexpression of PNPLA2/ATGL (patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2) drive lipophagy, the trafficking of fatty acids (FAs) produced from this pathway is largely unknown. Fatty Acids 173-184 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 83-87 32070194-2 2021 While numerous factors, including nutrient deprivation or overexpression of PNPLA2/ATGL (patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2) drive lipophagy, the trafficking of fatty acids (FAs) produced from this pathway is largely unknown. Fatty Acids 186-189 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 76-82 32070194-2 2021 While numerous factors, including nutrient deprivation or overexpression of PNPLA2/ATGL (patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2) drive lipophagy, the trafficking of fatty acids (FAs) produced from this pathway is largely unknown. Fatty Acids 186-189 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 83-87 32070194-3 2021 Herein, we show that PNPLA2 and nutrient deprivation promoted the extracellular efflux of FAs. Fatty Acids 90-93 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 21-27 32070194-9 2021 Moreover, the efflux of FAs and their reuptake or subsequent extracellular trafficking to adjacent cells may play an important role in cell-to-cell lipid exchange and signaling.Abbreviations: ACTB: beta actin; ADRA1A: adrenergic receptor alpha, 1a; ALB: albumin; ATG5: autophagy related 5; ATG7: autophagy related 7; BafA1: bafilomycin A1; BECN1: beclin 1; BHBA: beta-hydroxybutyrate; BSA: bovine serum albumin; CDH1: e-cadherin; CQ: chloroquine; CTSB: cathepsin B; DGAT: diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase; FA: fatty acid; HFD: high-fat diet; LAMP1: lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1; LD: lipid droplet; LIPA/LAL: lysosomal acid lipase A; LLME: Leu-Leu methyl ester hydrobromide; MAP1LC3B/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; MCOLN1/TRPML1: mucolipin 1; MEF: mouse embryo fibroblast; PBS: phosphate-buffered saline; PIK3C3/VPS34: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3; PLIN: perilipin; PNPLA2/ATGL patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2; RUBCN (rubicon autophagy regulator); SM: sphingomyelin; TAG: triacylglycerol; TMEM192: transmembrane protein 192; VLDL: very low density lipoprotein. Fatty Acids 24-27 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 929-935 33605986-15 2021 PNPLA2 knockdown also resulted in a decline in fatty acids and beta-hydroxybutyrate release from phagocytic RPE cells. Fatty Acids 47-58 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 0-6 31525260-3 2019 To investigate this further, we performed whole genome sequencing (WGS) in 14 mutation-negative ACM probands who underwent cardiac transplantation, and we identified one ACM proband with a rare homozygous missense variant in PNPLA2 (c.245G>A, p.G82D), a rate-limiting enzyme that hydrolyzes triglycerides into fatty-acids and diacylglycerol. Fatty Acids 313-324 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 225-231 32690265-2 2020 Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) is the initial enzyme in the hydrolysis of intracellular triacylglycerol (TG) stores, liberating fatty acids that are released from adipocytes into the circulation. Fatty Acids 132-143 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 0-27 32690265-2 2020 Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) is the initial enzyme in the hydrolysis of intracellular triacylglycerol (TG) stores, liberating fatty acids that are released from adipocytes into the circulation. Fatty Acids 132-143 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 29-33 33491665-4 2021 The loss of individual components of fatty acid catabolism (carnitine palmitoyl transferase 2 [Cpt2], adipose triglyceride lipase [Atgl], and Pparalpha) resulted in largely independent effects on hepatocyte morphology, intermediary metabolism, and gene expression in response to fasting. Fatty Acids 37-47 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 102-129 33491665-4 2021 The loss of individual components of fatty acid catabolism (carnitine palmitoyl transferase 2 [Cpt2], adipose triglyceride lipase [Atgl], and Pparalpha) resulted in largely independent effects on hepatocyte morphology, intermediary metabolism, and gene expression in response to fasting. Fatty Acids 37-47 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 131-135 31696216-7 2019 In addition, plasma free fatty acid (FFA) levels were decreased with a concomitant decrease in the expression of lipase adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) in adipose tissue. Fatty Acids 25-35 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 149-153 28988821-2 2017 Release of FAs from intracellular fat stores by adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) is considered a key step in NST. Fatty Acids 11-14 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 48-75 31223422-3 2019 Here, we found that the cardiac fatty acid (FA) metabolism increased, accompanied by augmented FA accumulation and ATGL expression, after serious burn injury. Fatty Acids 32-42 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 115-119 28988821-2 2017 Release of FAs from intracellular fat stores by adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) is considered a key step in NST. Fatty Acids 11-14 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 77-81 27851965-7 2016 Thus, we have identified a Snail1-ATGL axis that regulates adipose lipolysis and fatty acid release, thereby governing lipid partitioning between adipose and non-adipose tissues. Fatty Acids 81-91 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 34-38 28400046-0 2017 Atgl gene deletion predisposes to proximal tubule damage by impairing the fatty acid metabolism. Fatty Acids 74-84 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 0-4 28380348-4 2017 Moreover, lipophagy is required for ATGL to promote LD catabolism and the subsequent oxidation of hydrolyzed fatty acids (FAs). Fatty Acids 109-120 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 36-40 28380348-4 2017 Moreover, lipophagy is required for ATGL to promote LD catabolism and the subsequent oxidation of hydrolyzed fatty acids (FAs). Fatty Acids 122-125 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 36-40 27166928-4 2016 Both fatty acids increased the expression of Pparg, FATP1, FATP4 and ATGL genes, but only in young 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Fatty Acids 5-16 patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 Mus musculus 69-73