PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 30993683-2 2019 Inositols, which act as insulin sensitizers, have the potential to alter folliculogenesis and the functional ovarian reserve, with subsequent benefits to reproductive outcomes following IVF/ICSI treatment. Inositol 0-9 insulin Homo sapiens 24-31 31720147-1 2019 Inositol, an emerging novel therapy for the treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), is a cyclic polyol that has insulin-like effects and plays an important role in glucose homeostasis. Inositol 0-8 insulin Homo sapiens 122-129 31720147-2 2019 The conventional treatment of GDM with insulin and oral antihyperglycemic drugs usually comes with side effects, paving the way for and shedding spotlight on clinical trials involving inositol. Inositol 184-192 insulin Homo sapiens 39-46 30889626-5 2019 However, in the last years, in a variety of experimental models, inositol and antioxidants supplementation have shown insulin-sensitizing, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, which could be mediated by some possible complementary mechanism of action. Inositol 65-73 insulin Homo sapiens 118-125 29980312-10 2019 CONCLUSIONS: Inositol supplementation decreases blood glucose through an improvement in insulin sensitivity that is independent of weight. Inositol 13-21 insulin Homo sapiens 88-95 30612488-11 2019 Insulin sensitivity improved in women with IR only, confirming that in presence of IR the d-chiro-inositol has a role in restoring the insulin action overcoming the inactivity of epimerase in transforming myo-inositol to d-chiro inositol. Inositol 90-106 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 30612488-11 2019 Insulin sensitivity improved in women with IR only, confirming that in presence of IR the d-chiro-inositol has a role in restoring the insulin action overcoming the inactivity of epimerase in transforming myo-inositol to d-chiro inositol. Inositol 90-106 insulin Homo sapiens 135-142 30612488-11 2019 Insulin sensitivity improved in women with IR only, confirming that in presence of IR the d-chiro-inositol has a role in restoring the insulin action overcoming the inactivity of epimerase in transforming myo-inositol to d-chiro inositol. Inositol 205-217 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 30612488-11 2019 Insulin sensitivity improved in women with IR only, confirming that in presence of IR the d-chiro-inositol has a role in restoring the insulin action overcoming the inactivity of epimerase in transforming myo-inositol to d-chiro inositol. Inositol 205-217 insulin Homo sapiens 135-142 30608001-0 2019 Comparison of myo-inositol and metformin on glycemic control, lipid profiles, and gene expression related to insulin and lipid metabolism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Inositol 14-26 insulin Homo sapiens 109-116 30608001-1 2019 This investigation was conducted to evaluate comparison of myo-inositol and metformin on glycemic control, lipid profiles, and gene expression related to insulin and lipid metabolism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Inositol 59-71 insulin Homo sapiens 154-161 30904021-2 2019 Although the association inositols-glucomannan may represent a good therapeutic strategy in the treatment of PCOS women with insulin resistance, the effect of inositols on the metabolomic profile of these women has not been described yet. Inositol 25-34 insulin Homo sapiens 125-132 30513929-5 2018 d-chiro-Inositol deficiency exacerbates insulin resistance in the liver, muscles, and fat, while depletion of myo-inositol results in the development of diabetic complications. Inositol 0-16 insulin Homo sapiens 40-47 30595691-0 2018 Inositols in Insulin Signaling and Glucose Metabolism. Inositol 0-9 insulin Homo sapiens 13-20 30595691-4 2018 Furthermore, inositol, via its major isomers myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol, and probably some of its phosphate intermediate metabolites and correlated enzymes (like inositol hexakisphosphate kinase) participate in both insulin signaling and glucose metabolism by influencing distinct pathways. Inositol 13-21 insulin Homo sapiens 223-230 30595691-4 2018 Furthermore, inositol, via its major isomers myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol, and probably some of its phosphate intermediate metabolites and correlated enzymes (like inositol hexakisphosphate kinase) participate in both insulin signaling and glucose metabolism by influencing distinct pathways. Inositol 45-57 insulin Homo sapiens 223-230 30595691-4 2018 Furthermore, inositol, via its major isomers myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol, and probably some of its phosphate intermediate metabolites and correlated enzymes (like inositol hexakisphosphate kinase) participate in both insulin signaling and glucose metabolism by influencing distinct pathways. Inositol 62-78 insulin Homo sapiens 223-230 30595691-5 2018 Indeed, clinical data support the beneficial effects exerted by inositol by reducing glycaemia levels and hyperinsulinemia and buffering negative effects of sustained insulin stimulation upon the adipose tissue and the endocrine system. Inositol 64-72 insulin Homo sapiens 111-118 30270194-1 2018 Myo-inositol (MI) and D-chiro-inositol (DCI) are insulin second messengers, and MI is involved in follicular gonadotropin pathways which orchestrate ovulation. Inositol 0-12 insulin Homo sapiens 49-56 30270194-1 2018 Myo-inositol (MI) and D-chiro-inositol (DCI) are insulin second messengers, and MI is involved in follicular gonadotropin pathways which orchestrate ovulation. Inositol 22-38 insulin Homo sapiens 49-56 30338829-1 2018 OBJECTIVE: Myo-inositol supplementation prevents gestational diabetes (GDM) in women at risk and reduces insulin resistance in women with GDM. Inositol 11-23 insulin Homo sapiens 105-112 30338829-4 2018 PATIENTS AND METHODS: Myo-inositol effect on glucose variability was studied in a pilot case-control study involving 12 consecutive pregnant women (median age 34 years, 25.0% insulin-treated) with GDM. Inositol 22-34 insulin Homo sapiens 175-182 30145684-5 2018 In this study, we demonstrate that exposure of insulin-secreting Min6 cells to a clinical dose of VPA results in inositol depletion and loss of co-localization of subunit C of vH+-ATPase with insulin-secreting granules. Inositol 113-121 insulin Homo sapiens 47-54 29859136-2 2018 Insulin sensitizing substances such as myo-inositol have been considered for the prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus and related complications. Inositol 39-51 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 29774465-2 2018 The aim of the study is to compare the effect of different dosages of inositol stereoisomers supplementation on insulin resistance levels and several maternal-fetal outcomes in GDM women. Inositol 70-78 insulin Homo sapiens 112-119 29774465-11 2018 CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides interesting but preliminary results about the potential role of inositol stereoisomers supplementation in the treatment of GDM on insulin resistance levels and several maternal-fetal outcomes. Inositol 96-104 insulin Homo sapiens 162-169 29859544-1 2018 This review attempts to explain why consuming extra myoinositol (Ins), an essential component of membrane phospholipids, is often beneficial for patients with conditions characterised by insulin resistance, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Inositol 52-63 insulin Homo sapiens 187-194 29859544-3 2018 Proposed explanations often suggest functional enhancement of minor facets of Ins Biology such as insulin signalling through putative inositol-containing "mediators", but offer no explanation for this selectivity. Inositol 134-142 insulin Homo sapiens 98-105 29265900-3 2018 Insulin-sensitizing agents are used in the treatment of PCOS: in fact, inositols were shown to have insulin-mimetic properties. Inositol 71-80 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 29265900-3 2018 Insulin-sensitizing agents are used in the treatment of PCOS: in fact, inositols were shown to have insulin-mimetic properties. Inositol 71-80 insulin Homo sapiens 100-107 29265900-12 2018 In conclusion, we can state that a good option for the treatment of PCOS is the combined administration of myo-inositol + gymnemic acid + l-methyl-folate, especially for overweight/obese patients with marked insulin resistance and with associated hyperhomocysteinemia. Inositol 107-119 insulin Homo sapiens 208-215 29037103-1 2018 Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)is a gynecological endocrine disorder which is associated with systemic inflammatory status inducing red blood cells (RBC) membrane alterations related to insulin resistance and testosterone levels which could be greatly improved by myo-inositol (MYO) uptake. Inositol 265-277 insulin Homo sapiens 187-194 29052180-10 2018 CONCLUSION: Based on current evidence, myoinositol may be recommended for the treatment of PCOS with insulin resistance, as well as for improving symptoms caused by decreased estrogen in PCOS. Inositol 39-50 insulin Homo sapiens 101-108 29183107-0 2017 Insulin-sensitising drugs (metformin, rosiglitazone, pioglitazone, D-chiro-inositol) for women with polycystic ovary syndrome, oligo amenorrhoea and subfertility. Inositol 67-83 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 29344438-6 2017 In this respect, much attention is given to the role of inositols, the mediators of insulin action. Inositol 56-65 insulin Homo sapiens 84-91 29344438-7 2017 A deficiency of d-chiro-inositol containing inositol-phospho-glycans may be the basis of insulin resistance frequently seen in PCOS patients. Inositol 16-32 insulin Homo sapiens 89-96 28434274-0 2017 Myoinositol combined with alpha-lipoic acid may improve the clinical and endocrine features of polycystic ovary syndrome through an insulin-independent action. Inositol 0-11 insulin Homo sapiens 132-139 28724173-0 2017 A comparative study between myo-inositol and metformin in the treatment of insulin-resistant women. Inositol 28-40 insulin Homo sapiens 75-82 28724176-1 2017 Myo-inositol (MYO) usually represents a therapeutic option for female infertility associated with insulin resistance. Inositol 0-12 insulin Homo sapiens 98-105 28724176-1 2017 Myo-inositol (MYO) usually represents a therapeutic option for female infertility associated with insulin resistance. Inositol 14-17 insulin Homo sapiens 98-105 28724177-9 2017 RESULTS: The rationale underlying the use of inositols as a therapeutic application in PCOS derives from their activities as insulin mimetic agents and their salutary effects on metabolism and hyperandrogenism without side effects. Inositol 45-54 insulin Homo sapiens 125-132 28724178-3 2017 The management of insulin resistance is crucial in the treatment of PCOS and insulin-sensitizing molecule as myo-inositol (MYO) seems to have promising effects. Inositol 109-121 insulin Homo sapiens 18-25 28724178-3 2017 The management of insulin resistance is crucial in the treatment of PCOS and insulin-sensitizing molecule as myo-inositol (MYO) seems to have promising effects. Inositol 109-121 insulin Homo sapiens 77-84 28724178-3 2017 The management of insulin resistance is crucial in the treatment of PCOS and insulin-sensitizing molecule as myo-inositol (MYO) seems to have promising effects. Inositol 123-126 insulin Homo sapiens 18-25 28724178-3 2017 The management of insulin resistance is crucial in the treatment of PCOS and insulin-sensitizing molecule as myo-inositol (MYO) seems to have promising effects. Inositol 123-126 insulin Homo sapiens 77-84 28039583-2 2017 Similarly to metformin, D-chiro-inositol (DCI), as putative mediator of intracellular insulin action, can act as insulin sensitizer. Inositol 24-40 insulin Homo sapiens 86-93 28039583-2 2017 Similarly to metformin, D-chiro-inositol (DCI), as putative mediator of intracellular insulin action, can act as insulin sensitizer. Inositol 24-40 insulin Homo sapiens 113-120 28875849-0 2017 Modulation of both Insulin Resistance and Cancer Growth by Inositol. Inositol 59-67 insulin Homo sapiens 19-26 28875849-2 2017 Conversely, a number of synthetic and natural insulin sensitizers, including inositol, have been recognized to exert both anti-diabetic as well as anti-cancer properties. Inositol 77-85 insulin Homo sapiens 46-53 28875849-3 2017 Inositol participates in insulin transduction signaling, and deregulated inositol metabolism has been ascertained in several conditions associated with insulin resistance. Inositol 0-8 insulin Homo sapiens 25-32 28875849-3 2017 Inositol participates in insulin transduction signaling, and deregulated inositol metabolism has been ascertained in several conditions associated with insulin resistance. Inositol 73-81 insulin Homo sapiens 152-159 28875849-5 2017 Additionally, inositol may directly interfere with both glucose metabolism and carcinogenesis by modulating a number of critical processes downstream of insulin stimulation, including anti-oxidant defenses, oxidative glucose metabolism and endocrine modulation. Inositol 14-22 insulin Homo sapiens 153-160 28875849-7 2017 What is more, studies on inositol mechanism of action paved the way in understanding that both insulin resistance and cancer share a few perturbed, critical biochemical pathways. Inositol 25-33 insulin Homo sapiens 95-102 28875849-9 2017 Thereby, inositol fulfills the requirement to target both insulin resistance and cancer, and its clinical usefulness deserves to be adequately addressed by specific, randomized trials. Inositol 9-17 insulin Homo sapiens 58-65 27808588-2 2017 Insulin-sensitizer agents such as metformin and inositols have been shown to improve the endocrine and metabolic aspects of PCOS. Inositol 48-57 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 27808588-12 2017 The two insulin-sensitizers, metformin and myo-inositol, show to be useful in PCOS women in lowering BMI and ameliorating insulin sensitivity, and improving menstrual cycle without significant differences between the two treatments. Inositol 43-55 insulin Homo sapiens 8-15 27808588-12 2017 The two insulin-sensitizers, metformin and myo-inositol, show to be useful in PCOS women in lowering BMI and ameliorating insulin sensitivity, and improving menstrual cycle without significant differences between the two treatments. Inositol 43-55 insulin Homo sapiens 122-129 27898267-4 2017 Recently, inositols - myo-inositol (MI) and D-chiro-inositol (DCI) - have shown to be an efficient and safe alternative in PCOS management, as both inositol isoforms are able to counteract downstream consequences of insulin resistance. Inositol 44-60 insulin Homo sapiens 216-223 27898267-4 2017 Recently, inositols - myo-inositol (MI) and D-chiro-inositol (DCI) - have shown to be an efficient and safe alternative in PCOS management, as both inositol isoforms are able to counteract downstream consequences of insulin resistance. Inositol 10-18 insulin Homo sapiens 216-223 27717596-4 2016 As metformin often induces side effects, new integrative strategies have been proposed to treat insulin resistance, such as the use of inositols. Inositol 135-144 insulin Homo sapiens 96-103 27717596-7 2016 DCI derives from the conversion of myo-inositol via an insulin-dependent pathway. Inositol 35-47 insulin Homo sapiens 55-62 27410479-0 2016 Synthesis and biological activities of d-chiro-inositol analogues with insulin-like actions. Inositol 39-55 insulin Homo sapiens 71-78 27410479-1 2016 d-chiro-inositol (DCI, 1) evokes therapeutic actions in diabetes and insulin resistance but has sub-optimal pharmacokinetic profiles. Inositol 0-16 insulin Homo sapiens 69-76 27255472-1 2016 BACKGROUND: Myoinositol and D-chiroinositol improve insulin resistance in women with obesity and gestational diabetes and in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome. Inositol 12-23 insulin Homo sapiens 52-59 27028341-0 2016 Pioglitazone Therapy Increases Insulin-Stimulated Release of d-Chiro-Inositol-Containing Inositolphosphoglycan Mediator in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Inositol 61-77 insulin Homo sapiens 31-38 27595157-6 2016 Inositol deficiency and the impairment of the inositol-dependent pathways may play an important role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and hypothyroidism. Inositol 0-8 insulin Homo sapiens 124-131 27595157-6 2016 Inositol deficiency and the impairment of the inositol-dependent pathways may play an important role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and hypothyroidism. Inositol 46-54 insulin Homo sapiens 124-131 26948394-0 2016 A pilot study of gestational diabetes mellitus not controlled by diet alone: First-line medical treatment with myoinositol may limit the need for insulin. Inositol 111-122 insulin Homo sapiens 146-153 26948394-4 2016 RESULTS: Insulin was required in eight women (25%) in the myoinositol group who, compared with the 24 who did not need insulin, were older (37+-5 vs. 32+-5 years, respectively; P=0.018) and had a larger percentage of high self-monitored glucose values (45+-8% vs. 32+-14%; P<0.0001) during the week prior to the introduction of myoinositol treatment. Inositol 58-69 insulin Homo sapiens 9-16 26948394-4 2016 RESULTS: Insulin was required in eight women (25%) in the myoinositol group who, compared with the 24 who did not need insulin, were older (37+-5 vs. 32+-5 years, respectively; P=0.018) and had a larger percentage of high self-monitored glucose values (45+-8% vs. 32+-14%; P<0.0001) during the week prior to the introduction of myoinositol treatment. Inositol 331-342 insulin Homo sapiens 9-16 27142131-1 2016 Inositol metabolism is severely impaired in follicles obtained from cystic ovaries, leading to deregulated insulin transduction and steroid synthesis. Inositol 0-8 insulin Homo sapiens 107-114 27142131-2 2016 On the contrary, inositol administration to women suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has been proven to efficiently counteract most of the clinical hallmarks displayed by PCOS patients, including insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism and oligo-amenorrhea. Inositol 17-25 insulin Homo sapiens 209-216 27142131-4 2016 We hypothesize that inositol and its monophosphate derivatives, besides their effects on insulin transduction, may efficiently revert histological and functional features of cystic ovary by inducing cytoskeleton rearrangements. Inositol 20-28 insulin Homo sapiens 89-96 26337904-2 2016 The subsequent unfolded protein response (UPR) interacts with insulin signaling through inositol-requiring 1alpha (IRE1alpha) activation and tribbles homolog 3 (TRB3) expressions. Inositol 88-96 insulin Homo sapiens 62-69 27493664-0 2016 A Combined Therapy with Myo-Inositol and D-Chiro-Inositol Improves Endocrine Parameters and Insulin Resistance in PCOS Young Overweight Women. Inositol 24-36 insulin Homo sapiens 92-99 27493664-0 2016 A Combined Therapy with Myo-Inositol and D-Chiro-Inositol Improves Endocrine Parameters and Insulin Resistance in PCOS Young Overweight Women. Inositol 41-57 insulin Homo sapiens 92-99 27579037-3 2016 Myo (MI) and D-chiro-inositol (DCI), the most studied inositol isoforms, are classified as insulin sensitizers. Inositol 13-29 insulin Homo sapiens 91-98 27579037-3 2016 Myo (MI) and D-chiro-inositol (DCI), the most studied inositol isoforms, are classified as insulin sensitizers. Inositol 21-29 insulin Homo sapiens 91-98 27688754-0 2016 Inositols in the Treatment of Insulin-Mediated Diseases. Inositol 0-9 insulin Homo sapiens 30-37 27688754-1 2016 A growing body of research is currently focused on the role of inositol isomers and in particular myo-inositol (MYO-INS) and D-chiroinositol (DCI) in the treatment of insulin resistance states. Inositol 63-71 insulin Homo sapiens 167-174 27688754-1 2016 A growing body of research is currently focused on the role of inositol isomers and in particular myo-inositol (MYO-INS) and D-chiroinositol (DCI) in the treatment of insulin resistance states. Inositol 98-110 insulin Homo sapiens 167-174 27688754-1 2016 A growing body of research is currently focused on the role of inositol isomers and in particular myo-inositol (MYO-INS) and D-chiroinositol (DCI) in the treatment of insulin resistance states. Inositol 112-119 insulin Homo sapiens 167-174 27688754-3 2016 Further, insulin resistance-related diseases were associated to derangements in inositol metabolism. Inositol 80-88 insulin Homo sapiens 9-16 27688754-4 2016 Thus, the aim of this review is to provide current evidence on the potential benefits of inositol isomers (MYO-INS and DCI) in the treatment of disease associated to insulin resistance such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), gestational diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Inositol 89-97 insulin Homo sapiens 166-173 27688754-5 2016 Finally, molecular insights into inositol insulin-sensitizing effects will be covered focusing on the possible role of inositol glycans as insulin second messengers. Inositol 33-41 insulin Homo sapiens 42-49 27721826-0 2016 Effect on Insulin-Stimulated Release of D-Chiro-Inositol-Containing Inositolphosphoglycan Mediator during Weight Loss in Obese Women with and without Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Inositol 40-56 insulin Homo sapiens 10-17 27795706-4 2016 Insulin-sensitizing compounds such as inositol, a B-complex vitamin, and its stereoisomers (myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol) have been studied as an effective treatment of PCOS. Inositol 38-46 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 27795706-4 2016 Insulin-sensitizing compounds such as inositol, a B-complex vitamin, and its stereoisomers (myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol) have been studied as an effective treatment of PCOS. Inositol 92-104 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 27795706-4 2016 Insulin-sensitizing compounds such as inositol, a B-complex vitamin, and its stereoisomers (myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol) have been studied as an effective treatment of PCOS. Inositol 109-125 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 27807448-2 2016 Both myo-inositol and its isomer d-chiro-inositol showed insulin mimetic effects in conditions of insulin resistance. Inositol 5-17 insulin Homo sapiens 57-64 27807448-2 2016 Both myo-inositol and its isomer d-chiro-inositol showed insulin mimetic effects in conditions of insulin resistance. Inositol 5-17 insulin Homo sapiens 98-105 27807448-2 2016 Both myo-inositol and its isomer d-chiro-inositol showed insulin mimetic effects in conditions of insulin resistance. Inositol 33-49 insulin Homo sapiens 57-64 27807448-2 2016 Both myo-inositol and its isomer d-chiro-inositol showed insulin mimetic effects in conditions of insulin resistance. Inositol 33-49 insulin Homo sapiens 98-105 27882052-0 2016 Myoinositol and D-Chiro Inositol in Improving Insulin Resistance in Obese Male Children: Preliminary Data. Inositol 0-11 insulin Homo sapiens 46-53 27882052-1 2016 Myoinositol and D-chiro inositol, which are inositol isomers, have been shown to possess insulin-mimetic properties and to improve insulin resistance, especially in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Inositol 0-11 insulin Homo sapiens 89-96 27882052-1 2016 Myoinositol and D-chiro inositol, which are inositol isomers, have been shown to possess insulin-mimetic properties and to improve insulin resistance, especially in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Inositol 0-11 insulin Homo sapiens 131-138 27882052-1 2016 Myoinositol and D-chiro inositol, which are inositol isomers, have been shown to possess insulin-mimetic properties and to improve insulin resistance, especially in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Inositol 3-11 insulin Homo sapiens 89-96 27882052-1 2016 Myoinositol and D-chiro inositol, which are inositol isomers, have been shown to possess insulin-mimetic properties and to improve insulin resistance, especially in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Inositol 3-11 insulin Homo sapiens 131-138 27882052-3 2016 Based on these previous findings, we hypothesized that inositol could be effective in improving insulin sensitivity in children with insulin resistance. Inositol 55-63 insulin Homo sapiens 96-103 27882052-3 2016 Based on these previous findings, we hypothesized that inositol could be effective in improving insulin sensitivity in children with insulin resistance. Inositol 55-63 insulin Homo sapiens 133-140 27882052-5 2016 Our results confirm that myoinositol and D-chiro inositol acutely reduce insulin increase after glucose intake mainly in children with high basal insulin level. Inositol 25-36 insulin Homo sapiens 73-80 28044078-0 2016 Erratum to "Inositols in the Treatment of Insulin-Mediated Diseases". Inositol 12-21 insulin Homo sapiens 42-49 26678256-5 2015 The potential beneficial effect on improving insulin sensitivity suggests that myo-inositol may be useful for women in preventing gestational diabetes. Inositol 79-91 insulin Homo sapiens 45-52 26479434-1 2015 In recent years, interest has been focused to the study of the two major inositol stereoisomers: myo-inositol (MI) and d-chiro-inositol (DCI), because of their involvement, as second messengers of insulin, in several insulin-dependent processes, such as metabolic syndrome and polycystic ovary syndrome. Inositol 97-109 insulin Homo sapiens 197-204 26479434-1 2015 In recent years, interest has been focused to the study of the two major inositol stereoisomers: myo-inositol (MI) and d-chiro-inositol (DCI), because of their involvement, as second messengers of insulin, in several insulin-dependent processes, such as metabolic syndrome and polycystic ovary syndrome. Inositol 97-109 insulin Homo sapiens 217-224 26479434-1 2015 In recent years, interest has been focused to the study of the two major inositol stereoisomers: myo-inositol (MI) and d-chiro-inositol (DCI), because of their involvement, as second messengers of insulin, in several insulin-dependent processes, such as metabolic syndrome and polycystic ovary syndrome. Inositol 119-135 insulin Homo sapiens 197-204 26479434-1 2015 In recent years, interest has been focused to the study of the two major inositol stereoisomers: myo-inositol (MI) and d-chiro-inositol (DCI), because of their involvement, as second messengers of insulin, in several insulin-dependent processes, such as metabolic syndrome and polycystic ovary syndrome. Inositol 119-135 insulin Homo sapiens 217-224 26753656-4 2015 After supplementation of myo-inositol with alpha-lipoic acid, insulin levels, BMI and ovarian volume were significantly reduced compared with myo-inositol alone. Inositol 25-37 insulin Homo sapiens 62-69 26491824-8 2015 One of these is myo-inositol, a new insulin-sensitizing molecule which has been successfully administered to women suffering from PCOS. Inositol 16-28 insulin Homo sapiens 36-43 26496267-1 2015 To determine whether myo-inositol supplement will increase the action of endogenous insulin, which is mainly measured by markers of insulin resistance such as homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance.PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and web of science were comprehensively searched using "gestational diabetes mellitus" and "myo-inositol" to identify relevant studies. Inositol 21-33 insulin Homo sapiens 84-91 26496267-1 2015 To determine whether myo-inositol supplement will increase the action of endogenous insulin, which is mainly measured by markers of insulin resistance such as homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance.PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and web of science were comprehensively searched using "gestational diabetes mellitus" and "myo-inositol" to identify relevant studies. Inositol 336-348 insulin Homo sapiens 84-91 25670222-7 2015 RESULTS: Our study showed that both myo-inositol (MI-PG) and D-chiro inositol (DCI-PG) treatments are able to significantly improve the regularity of the menstrual cycle, the Acne Score, the endocrine and metabolic parameters and the insulin-resistence in young, overweight, PCOS patients. Inositol 36-48 insulin Homo sapiens 234-241 26241420-1 2015 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether myo-inositol supplementation, an insulin sensitizer, reduces the rate of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and lowers insulin resistance in obese pregnant women. Inositol 31-43 insulin Homo sapiens 64-71 26241420-1 2015 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether myo-inositol supplementation, an insulin sensitizer, reduces the rate of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and lowers insulin resistance in obese pregnant women. Inositol 31-43 insulin Homo sapiens 151-158 26241420-8 2015 Furthermore, women treated with myo-inositol showed a significantly greater reduction in the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance compared with the control group, -1.0+-3.1 compared with 0.1+-1.8 (P=.048). Inositol 32-44 insulin Homo sapiens 125-132 26241420-9 2015 CONCLUSION: Myo-inositol supplementation, started in the first trimester, in obese pregnant women seems to reduce the incidence in GDM through a reduction of insulin resistance. Inositol 12-24 insulin Homo sapiens 158-165 25990651-1 2015 We previously reported that a chronic supplementation with myo-inositol (MI) improved insulin sensitivity and reduced fat accretion in mice. Inositol 59-71 insulin Homo sapiens 86-93 25990651-3 2015 In addition, some abnormalities in inositol metabolism were reported to be associated with insulin resistance in several animal and human studies. Inositol 35-43 insulin Homo sapiens 91-98 25990651-9 2015 Finally, we found some abnormalities in inositol metabolism in association with a diabetic phenotype (i.e. insulin resistance and fasting hyperglycaemia) in a DIO mouse model. Inositol 40-48 insulin Homo sapiens 107-114 25687659-0 2015 "Empiric" inositol supplementation in normal-weight non insulin resistant women with polycystic ovarian disease: from the absence of benefit to the potential adverse effects. Inositol 10-18 insulin Homo sapiens 56-63 25687660-0 2015 Authors" reply to: "Empiric" inositol supplementation in normal-weight non-insulin resistant women with polycystic ovarian disease: from the absence of benefit to the potential adverse effects. Inositol 29-37 insulin Homo sapiens 75-82 25259724-0 2015 Ovulation induction with myo-inositol alone and in combination with clomiphene citrate in polycystic ovarian syndrome patients with insulin resistance. Inositol 25-37 insulin Homo sapiens 132-139 25259724-2 2015 One of the methods for correcting insulin resistance is using myo-inositol. Inositol 62-74 insulin Homo sapiens 34-41 25259724-3 2015 AIM: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effectiveness of myo-inositol alone or in combination with clomiphene citrate for (1) induction of ovulation and (2) pregnancy rate in anovulatory women with PCOS and proven insulin resistance. Inositol 70-82 insulin Homo sapiens 227-234 25259724-13 2015 CONCLUSION: Myo-inositol treatment ameliorates insulin resistance and body weight, and improves ovarian activity in PCOS patients. Inositol 12-24 insulin Homo sapiens 47-54 25268566-2 2015 The effectiveness of D-chiro-inositol (DCI) treatment in improving insulin resistance in PCOS patients has been confirmed in several reports. Inositol 21-37 insulin Homo sapiens 67-74 25373012-3 2014 Aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of natural substances such as inositol and glucomannan, and their combination in reducing glucose levels and improving insulin sensitivity in PCOS patients. Inositol 76-84 insulin Homo sapiens 165-172 25373012-7 2014 RESULTS: There was a reduction in blood glucose and insulin levels, with particular significance in the group treated with the combination of inositol-glucomannan. Inositol 142-150 insulin Homo sapiens 52-59 25042908-3 2014 Two inositol isomers, myo-inositol (MI) and D-chiro-inositol (DCI) have been proven to be effective in PCOS treatment, by improving insulin resistance, serum androgen levels and many features of the metabolic syndrome. Inositol 4-12 insulin Homo sapiens 132-139 25042908-3 2014 Two inositol isomers, myo-inositol (MI) and D-chiro-inositol (DCI) have been proven to be effective in PCOS treatment, by improving insulin resistance, serum androgen levels and many features of the metabolic syndrome. Inositol 22-34 insulin Homo sapiens 132-139 25042908-3 2014 Two inositol isomers, myo-inositol (MI) and D-chiro-inositol (DCI) have been proven to be effective in PCOS treatment, by improving insulin resistance, serum androgen levels and many features of the metabolic syndrome. Inositol 44-60 insulin Homo sapiens 132-139 25245999-10 2014 Thus the supplementation with inositol and resveratrol may be useful in the prevention of insulin resistance and consequently metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases risk. Inositol 30-38 insulin Homo sapiens 90-97 24898153-7 2014 However, only MI has been shown to have beneficial effects on reproductive function, whereas the administration of MI/D-chiro-inositol, in the physiological plasma ratio (i.e., 40:1) ensures better clinical results, such as the reduction of insulin resistance, androgens" blood levels, cardiovascular risk and regularization of menstrual cycle with spontaneous ovulation. Inositol 118-134 insulin Homo sapiens 241-248 24614687-6 2014 Integrated analysis of data identified myo-inositol related to gene clusters associated with an increase in insulin, growth factor and IGF-I signalling in CU children (P<0.05). Inositol 39-51 insulin Homo sapiens 108-115 25010620-3 2014 Myo-inositol is the precursor of inositol triphosphate, a second messenger regulating many hormones such as TSH, FSH and insulin. Inositol 0-12 insulin Homo sapiens 121-128 25010620-4 2014 D-chiroinositol is synthetized by an insulin dependent epimerase that converts myo-inositol into D-chiro-inositol. Inositol 79-91 insulin Homo sapiens 37-44 25010620-4 2014 D-chiroinositol is synthetized by an insulin dependent epimerase that converts myo-inositol into D-chiro-inositol. Inositol 97-113 insulin Homo sapiens 37-44 25010620-7 2014 In these patients myo and/or D-chiro-inositol administration improves insulin sensivity while only myo-inositol is a quality marker for oocytes evaluation. Inositol 37-45 insulin Homo sapiens 70-77 24501149-1 2014 Myoinositol (MI) and d-chiroinositol (DCI) are 2 stereoisomers and insulin sensitizers. Inositol 0-11 insulin Homo sapiens 67-74 25054962-1 2014 OBJECTIVE: Presentation of a comprehensive body of knowledge on the role of insulin sensitizer myo-inositol in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Inositol 95-107 insulin Homo sapiens 76-83 25054962-7 2014 This paper reviews the literature documenting the effectiveness of insulin sensitizer myo-inositol in the treatment of ovarian dysfunction, symptoms of hyperandrogenism and wide complex of symptoms of metabolic syndrome. Inositol 86-98 insulin Homo sapiens 67-74 25054962-8 2014 Six randomized controlled trials provides evidence of a positive effect of myo-inositol to normalize ovarian function, improve laboratory and clinical manifestations of hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance. Inositol 75-87 insulin Homo sapiens 190-197 24601829-2 2014 Since it has been demonstrated a high incidence of insulin resistance in PCOS patients, our study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the integrative treatment with D-chiro-inositol (DCI) (500 mg die, per os, for 12 weeks) on hormonal parameters and insulin sensitivity in a group of overweight/obese PCOS patients (body mass index; BMI > 26). Inositol 163-179 insulin Homo sapiens 51-58 24601829-2 2014 Since it has been demonstrated a high incidence of insulin resistance in PCOS patients, our study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the integrative treatment with D-chiro-inositol (DCI) (500 mg die, per os, for 12 weeks) on hormonal parameters and insulin sensitivity in a group of overweight/obese PCOS patients (body mass index; BMI > 26). Inositol 163-179 insulin Homo sapiens 248-255 24606639-0 2014 Myo-inositol modulates insulin and luteinizing hormone secretion in normal weight patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Inositol 0-12 insulin Homo sapiens 23-30 24606639-7 2014 CONCLUSION: MYO administration positively modulates insulin sensitivity in non-obese PCOS patients without compensatory hyperinsulinemia, improving hormonal parameters. Inositol 12-15 insulin Homo sapiens 52-59 24189751-0 2014 Decreased myo-inositol to chiro-inositol (M/C) ratios and increased M/C epimerase activity in PCOS theca cells demonstrate increased insulin sensitivity compared to controls. Inositol 10-22 insulin Homo sapiens 133-140 24189751-1 2014 Previous studies from our and other labs have shown that insulin resistance is associated with an inositol imbalance of excess myo-inositol and deficient chiro-inositol together with a deficiency of myo-inositol to chiro-inositol epimerase in vivo and in vitro. Inositol 98-106 insulin Homo sapiens 57-64 24189751-1 2014 Previous studies from our and other labs have shown that insulin resistance is associated with an inositol imbalance of excess myo-inositol and deficient chiro-inositol together with a deficiency of myo-inositol to chiro-inositol epimerase in vivo and in vitro. Inositol 127-139 insulin Homo sapiens 57-64 24189751-1 2014 Previous studies from our and other labs have shown that insulin resistance is associated with an inositol imbalance of excess myo-inositol and deficient chiro-inositol together with a deficiency of myo-inositol to chiro-inositol epimerase in vivo and in vitro. Inositol 154-168 insulin Homo sapiens 57-64 24189751-1 2014 Previous studies from our and other labs have shown that insulin resistance is associated with an inositol imbalance of excess myo-inositol and deficient chiro-inositol together with a deficiency of myo-inositol to chiro-inositol epimerase in vivo and in vitro. Inositol 199-211 insulin Homo sapiens 57-64 24189751-4 2014 The results of these studies are the first to demonstrate that in insulin sensitive PCOS theca cells the inositol imbalance goes in the opposite direction to that observed in insulin resistant cells, and there is a decreased M/C ratio and an increased myo-inositol to chiro-inositol epimerase activity. Inositol 105-113 insulin Homo sapiens 66-73 24189751-4 2014 The results of these studies are the first to demonstrate that in insulin sensitive PCOS theca cells the inositol imbalance goes in the opposite direction to that observed in insulin resistant cells, and there is a decreased M/C ratio and an increased myo-inositol to chiro-inositol epimerase activity. Inositol 252-264 insulin Homo sapiens 66-73 24505965-1 2014 Inositol acts as a second messenger in insulin signaling pathway Literature data suggest inositol deficiency in insulin-resistant women with the polycystic ovary syndrome. Inositol 0-8 insulin Homo sapiens 39-46 24505965-1 2014 Inositol acts as a second messenger in insulin signaling pathway Literature data suggest inositol deficiency in insulin-resistant women with the polycystic ovary syndrome. Inositol 0-8 insulin Homo sapiens 112-119 24876842-5 2014 Among the 91 PCOS patients treated with NAC + Inositol + folic, insulin resistance was present in 44 subjects (A) and absent in 47 (B). Inositol 46-54 insulin Homo sapiens 64-71 24219712-2 2013 Inositol phosphoglycan molecules have been isolated from mammalian tissues and are a major component of the intracellular mediators of insulin action. Inositol 0-8 insulin Homo sapiens 135-142 24219712-4 2013 It can be hypothesized that the reduced production of fetal insulin leads to an excretion of inositol from the intracellular to the extracellular compartment, with a consequent increase of the metabolite in plasma and urine and a decrease inside the cells. Inositol 93-101 insulin Homo sapiens 60-67 23764390-1 2013 Several inositol isomers and in particular myo-inositol (MI) and D-chiro-inositol (DCI), were shown to possess insulin-mimetic properties and to be efficient in lowering post-prandial blood glucose. Inositol 8-16 insulin Homo sapiens 111-118 23764390-1 2013 Several inositol isomers and in particular myo-inositol (MI) and D-chiro-inositol (DCI), were shown to possess insulin-mimetic properties and to be efficient in lowering post-prandial blood glucose. Inositol 43-55 insulin Homo sapiens 111-118 23764390-1 2013 Several inositol isomers and in particular myo-inositol (MI) and D-chiro-inositol (DCI), were shown to possess insulin-mimetic properties and to be efficient in lowering post-prandial blood glucose. Inositol 65-81 insulin Homo sapiens 111-118 23764390-2 2013 In addition, abnormalities in inositol metabolism are associated with insulin resistance and with long term microvascular complications of diabetes, supporting a role of inositol or its derivatives in glucose metabolism. Inositol 30-38 insulin Homo sapiens 70-77 23764390-3 2013 The aim of this review is to focus on the potential benefits of a dietary supplement of myo-inositol, by far the most common inositol isomer in foodstuffs, in human disorders associated with insulin resistance (polycystic ovary syndrome, gestational diabetes mellitus or metabolic syndrome) or in prevention or treatment of some diabetic complications (neuropathy, nephropathy, cataract). Inositol 88-100 insulin Homo sapiens 191-198 23764390-3 2013 The aim of this review is to focus on the potential benefits of a dietary supplement of myo-inositol, by far the most common inositol isomer in foodstuffs, in human disorders associated with insulin resistance (polycystic ovary syndrome, gestational diabetes mellitus or metabolic syndrome) or in prevention or treatment of some diabetic complications (neuropathy, nephropathy, cataract). Inositol 92-100 insulin Homo sapiens 191-198 23764390-6 2013 Finally, the actual insights into inositol insulin-sensitizing effects will be addressed and in particular the possible role of inositol glycans as insulin second messengers. Inositol 34-42 insulin Homo sapiens 43-50 23596182-10 2013 Insulin infusion resulted in an increase in frontal NAA/Cr and NAA/H2O and frontal and temporal Glx/Cr and Glx/H2O and a decrease in frontal Cho/Cr and temporal Cho/H2O and myo-inositol/H2O (all P < 0.05, except temporal Glx/H2O, P = 0.054, NS) in the high-IS, but not in the low-IS, group. Inositol 173-185 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 23596182-11 2013 Insulin sensitivity correlated positively with frontal NAA/Cr and NAA/H2O and temporal Glx/H2O and negatively with temporal myo-inositol/Cr and myo-inositol/H2O assessed during the second (1)H-MRS (all P < 0.05). Inositol 124-136 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 23596182-11 2013 Insulin sensitivity correlated positively with frontal NAA/Cr and NAA/H2O and temporal Glx/H2O and negatively with temporal myo-inositol/Cr and myo-inositol/H2O assessed during the second (1)H-MRS (all P < 0.05). Inositol 144-156 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 23981814-1 2013 BACKGROUND: Inositol has been reported to improve insulin sensitivity since it works as a second messenger achieving insulin-like effects on metabolic enzymes. Inositol 12-20 insulin Homo sapiens 50-57 23981814-1 2013 BACKGROUND: Inositol has been reported to improve insulin sensitivity since it works as a second messenger achieving insulin-like effects on metabolic enzymes. Inositol 12-20 insulin Homo sapiens 117-124 23981814-11 2013 CONCLUSIONS: Inositol combined with alpha lipoic acid can be used as a dietary supplement in insulin-resistant patients in order to increase their insulin sensitiveness. Inositol 13-21 insulin Homo sapiens 93-100 23336594-9 2013 RESULTS: After 12 weeks of MYO administration plasma LH, PRL, T, insulin levels and LH/FSH resulted significantly reduced. Inositol 27-30 insulin Homo sapiens 65-72 23467955-2 2013 Myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol have been shown to improve insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism and to induce ovulation in PCOS women. Inositol 0-12 insulin Homo sapiens 61-68 23467955-2 2013 Myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol have been shown to improve insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism and to induce ovulation in PCOS women. Inositol 17-33 insulin Homo sapiens 61-68 23412023-5 2013 METHODS: A new molecule with insulin-sensitizing properties, myo-inositol, has recently been successfully administered in women with PCOS. Inositol 61-73 insulin Homo sapiens 29-36 23412023-8 2013 In this article we study the effect of inositol alone and the association between myo-inositol and monacolinin K in the treatment of PCOS with insulin resistance, menstrual irregularities and hirsutism. Inositol 82-94 insulin Homo sapiens 143-150 22612517-0 2012 Differential insulin response to myo-inositol administration in obese polycystic ovary syndrome patients. Inositol 33-45 insulin Homo sapiens 13-20 22612517-2 2012 Attention has been given to the role of inositol-phosphoglycan (IPG) mediators of insulin action and growing evidences suggest that a deficiency of D-chiro-inositol (DCI) containing IPG might be at the basis of insulin resistance, frequent in PCOS patients. Inositol 148-164 insulin Homo sapiens 82-89 22612517-2 2012 Attention has been given to the role of inositol-phosphoglycan (IPG) mediators of insulin action and growing evidences suggest that a deficiency of D-chiro-inositol (DCI) containing IPG might be at the basis of insulin resistance, frequent in PCOS patients. Inositol 148-164 insulin Homo sapiens 211-218 22612517-6 2012 In conclusion, our study supports the hypothesis that MYO administration is more effective in obese patients with high fasting insulin plasma levels. Inositol 54-57 insulin Homo sapiens 127-134 23232537-6 2012 Inositol is an intracellular mediator of insulin, currently much used as a therapeutic agent in PCOS. Inositol 0-8 insulin Homo sapiens 41-48 22192068-8 2012 CONCLUSIONS: Myo-inositol might be considered one of the insulin-sensitizing substances in the treatment of metabolic syndrome. Inositol 13-25 insulin Homo sapiens 57-64 22592687-0 2012 Insulin-sensitising drugs (metformin, rosiglitazone, pioglitazone, D-chiro-inositol) for women with polycystic ovary syndrome, oligo amenorrhoea and subfertility. Inositol 67-83 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 22587479-4 2012 In particular two different polyalcohol myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol have been shown to improve insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism and to induce ovulation in PCOS women. Inositol 57-73 insulin Homo sapiens 101-108 21414183-0 2011 The effect of myoinositol supplementation on insulin resistance in patients with gestational diabetes. Inositol 14-25 insulin Homo sapiens 45-52 21414183-1 2011 AIM: To test the hypothesis that myoinositol supplementation will improve insulin sensitivity as measured by markers of insulin resistance such as homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and adiponectin in women with gestational diabetes. Inositol 33-44 insulin Homo sapiens 74-81 21414183-1 2011 AIM: To test the hypothesis that myoinositol supplementation will improve insulin sensitivity as measured by markers of insulin resistance such as homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and adiponectin in women with gestational diabetes. Inositol 33-44 insulin Homo sapiens 120-127 21414183-1 2011 AIM: To test the hypothesis that myoinositol supplementation will improve insulin sensitivity as measured by markers of insulin resistance such as homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and adiponectin in women with gestational diabetes. Inositol 33-44 insulin Homo sapiens 120-127 21414183-9 2011 CONCLUSION: Myoinositol improves insulin resistance in patients with gestational diabetes. Inositol 12-23 insulin Homo sapiens 33-40 21845803-2 2011 Myo-inositol has been classified as an insulin sensitizing agent and it is commonly used in the treatment of the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). Inositol 0-12 insulin Homo sapiens 39-46 21300338-0 2011 The role of inositol supplementation in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, with insulin resistance, undergoing the low-dose gonadotropin ovulation induction regimen. Inositol 12-20 insulin Homo sapiens 86-93 21300338-1 2011 In an attempt to evaluate the role of inositol supplementation in insulin-resistant patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), undergoing gonadotropin ovulation induction using the low-dose step-down regimen, we conducted a prospective longitudinal study comparing the stimulation characteristics of 15 patients treated with inositol, to a cohort, matched by age and body mass index (BMI), without inositol. Inositol 38-46 insulin Homo sapiens 66-73 21514580-0 2011 The role of inositol supplementation in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, with insulin resistance, undergoing the low-dose gonadotropin ovulation induction regimen. Inositol 12-20 insulin Homo sapiens 86-93 20587749-2 2011 This has been reported to cause insulin resistance in selective tissues through activation of the inositol-requiring enzyme 1alpha (IRE1alpha)-c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway, which results in the phosphorylation of the insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) at an inhibitory site and blocks insulin receptor signaling. Inositol 98-106 insulin Homo sapiens 32-39 20587749-2 2011 This has been reported to cause insulin resistance in selective tissues through activation of the inositol-requiring enzyme 1alpha (IRE1alpha)-c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway, which results in the phosphorylation of the insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) at an inhibitory site and blocks insulin receptor signaling. Inositol 98-106 insulin Homo sapiens 230-237 22452173-0 2011 [Myoinositol--alternative treatment of insulin resistance in adolescents]. Inositol 1-12 insulin Homo sapiens 39-46 22452173-2 2011 One of the theories for insulin resistance is any deficiency in Myo-inositol. Inositol 64-76 insulin Homo sapiens 24-31 22452173-3 2011 Presumably a substitution therapy with exogenous Myo-inositol could be effective for treatment of insulin resistance and PCOS. Inositol 49-61 insulin Homo sapiens 98-105 20814537-6 2011 Myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol have been coupled with glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in adults, and the present paper therefore suggests that IUGR is related to impaired glucose metabolism during fetal development, which may cause type 2 diabetes in adulthood. Inositol 0-12 insulin Homo sapiens 81-88 20814537-6 2011 Myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol have been coupled with glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in adults, and the present paper therefore suggests that IUGR is related to impaired glucose metabolism during fetal development, which may cause type 2 diabetes in adulthood. Inositol 17-33 insulin Homo sapiens 81-88 20811299-1 2011 OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether myo-inositol, an insulin-sensitizing substance, may improve some features of metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women. Inositol 57-69 insulin Homo sapiens 74-81 20156067-0 2010 Uncoupling between insulin and release of a D-chiro-inositol-containing inositolphosphoglycan mediator of insulin action in obese women With polycystic ovary syndrome. Inositol 44-60 insulin Homo sapiens 106-113 20156067-1 2010 BACKGROUND: Obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) manifest impaired insulin-stimulated release of a d-chiro-inositol-containing inositolphosphoglycan (DCI-IPG) insulin mediator during oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT), which appears to be restored by the administration of metformin. Inositol 112-128 insulin Homo sapiens 80-87 20156067-1 2010 BACKGROUND: Obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) manifest impaired insulin-stimulated release of a d-chiro-inositol-containing inositolphosphoglycan (DCI-IPG) insulin mediator during oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT), which appears to be restored by the administration of metformin. Inositol 112-128 insulin Homo sapiens 172-179 20091537-0 2010 Insulin-sensitising drugs (metformin, rosiglitazone, pioglitazone, D-chiro-inositol) for women with polycystic ovary syndrome, oligo amenorrhoea and subfertility. Inositol 67-83 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 19800728-3 2009 Nevertheless its positive role in PCOS women is a consequence of a defect in the insulin signaling pathway (inositol-containing phosphoglycan mediators) that seems to be primarily implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. Inositol 108-116 insulin Homo sapiens 81-88 19800728-3 2009 Nevertheless its positive role in PCOS women is a consequence of a defect in the insulin signaling pathway (inositol-containing phosphoglycan mediators) that seems to be primarily implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. Inositol 108-116 insulin Homo sapiens 214-221 19821299-0 2009 Insulin-sensitising drugs (metformin, rosiglitazone, pioglitazone, D-chiro-inositol) for women with polycystic ovary syndrome, oligo amenorrhoea and subfertility. Inositol 67-83 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 19551544-7 2009 RESULTS: After 3 months of MYO administration, plasma LH, testosterone, free testosterone, insulin and HOMA index resulted significantly reduced; no significant changes were observed in plasma FSH and androstenedione levels. Inositol 27-30 insulin Homo sapiens 91-98 19499845-1 2009 To investigate the effects of treatment with Myo-inositol (an insulin sensitizing drug), on circulating insulin, glucose tolerance, ovulation and serum androgens concentrations in women with the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). Inositol 45-57 insulin Homo sapiens 104-111 19499845-10 2009 Treatment of PCOS patients with Myo-inositol provided a decreasing of circulating insulin and serum total testosterone as well as an improvement in metabolic factors. Inositol 32-44 insulin Homo sapiens 82-89 19492925-2 2009 Inositol phosphoglycan P-type (P-IPG), a second messenger of insulin, was reported to negatively correlate with the degree of insulin resistance in non-pregnant diabetic subjects. Inositol 0-8 insulin Homo sapiens 61-68 19492925-2 2009 Inositol phosphoglycan P-type (P-IPG), a second messenger of insulin, was reported to negatively correlate with the degree of insulin resistance in non-pregnant diabetic subjects. Inositol 0-8 insulin Homo sapiens 126-133 19059532-0 2009 Hyperinsulinemia is closely related to low urinary clearance of D-chiro-inositol in men with a wide range of insulin sensitivity. Inositol 64-80 insulin Homo sapiens 5-12 18940392-4 2008 Subjects with higher urinary D-chiro-inositol excretion had higher insulin (rho = 0.51, P < or = .05) and C-peptide (rho = 0.56, P < or = .05) area under the curves, and lower insulin sensitivity index (rho = -0.60, P < or = .05) during the intravenous glucose tolerance test. Inositol 29-45 insulin Homo sapiens 67-74 18940392-4 2008 Subjects with higher urinary D-chiro-inositol excretion had higher insulin (rho = 0.51, P < or = .05) and C-peptide (rho = 0.56, P < or = .05) area under the curves, and lower insulin sensitivity index (rho = -0.60, P < or = .05) during the intravenous glucose tolerance test. Inositol 29-45 insulin Homo sapiens 182-189 18940392-5 2008 The urinary myo- to D-chiro-inositol ratio was also inversely related to insulin area under the curve (rho = -0.59, P < or = .05). Inositol 20-36 insulin Homo sapiens 73-80 18803944-0 2008 Insulin-stimulated release of D-chiro-inositol-containing inositolphosphoglycan mediator correlates with insulin sensitivity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Inositol 30-46 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 18803944-0 2008 Insulin-stimulated release of D-chiro-inositol-containing inositolphosphoglycan mediator correlates with insulin sensitivity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Inositol 30-46 insulin Homo sapiens 105-112 18803944-2 2008 Deficient release of a putative D-chiro-inositol-containing (DCI) IPG mediator may contribute to insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Inositol 32-48 insulin Homo sapiens 97-104 18609357-1 2008 OBJECTIVE: Abnormal metabolism of inositol phosphoglycan P-type (P-IPG) has been described in insulin-resistant states. Inositol 34-42 insulin Homo sapiens 94-101 18375940-7 2008 Increased clearance of inositols might reduce tissue availability of DCI and decrease the release of DCI-IPG mediator, which could contribute to insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia in Greek women, as previously described in American women. Inositol 23-32 insulin Homo sapiens 145-152 18335328-9 2008 RESULTS: After 12 weeks of MYO administration plasma LH, PRL, T, insulin levels and LH/FSH resulted significantly reduced. Inositol 27-30 insulin Homo sapiens 65-72 17952759-2 2007 In addition, 30-40% of PCOS women have impaired glucose tolerance, and a defect in the insulin signaling pathway (inositol-containing phosphoglycan mediators) seems to be implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. Inositol 114-122 insulin Homo sapiens 87-94 17952759-2 2007 In addition, 30-40% of PCOS women have impaired glucose tolerance, and a defect in the insulin signaling pathway (inositol-containing phosphoglycan mediators) seems to be implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. Inositol 114-122 insulin Homo sapiens 205-212 17537518-3 2007 A family of putative insulin mediators, namely inositol phosphoglycans, were described to exert many insulin-like effects on lipid and glucose metabolism. Inositol 47-55 insulin Homo sapiens 21-28 17537518-3 2007 A family of putative insulin mediators, namely inositol phosphoglycans, were described to exert many insulin-like effects on lipid and glucose metabolism. Inositol 47-55 insulin Homo sapiens 101-108 17664885-2 2007 Inositol phosphoglycan A-type (A-IPG), a putative second messenger of insulin, was reported to regulate lipogenesis in adipose tissue. Inositol 0-8 insulin Homo sapiens 70-77 17116762-2 2007 Recently, inositol phosphoglycan P-type, a putative second messenger of insulin action, has been implicated in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia and is increased in the placenta, amniotic fluid, and maternal urine of preeclamptic women compared with normal pregnant women. Inositol 10-18 insulin Homo sapiens 72-79 16443877-2 2006 We hypothesize that a deficiency in D-chiro-inositol (DCI) and/or a DCI-containing IPG (DCI-IPG) may contribute to insulin resistance in humans. Inositol 36-52 insulin Homo sapiens 115-122 16492584-0 2006 Inositol phosphoglycan putative insulin mediator in human amniotic fluid. Inositol 0-8 insulin Homo sapiens 32-39 14715857-0 2004 Metformin therapy increases insulin-stimulated release of D-chiro-inositol-containing inositolphosphoglycan mediator in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Inositol 58-74 insulin Homo sapiens 28-35 14715857-1 2004 Some actions of insulin are mediated by putative inositolphosphoglycan mediators, and a deficiency in D-chiro-inositol-containing inositolphosphoglycan (DCI-IPG) may contribute to insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Inositol 102-118 insulin Homo sapiens 180-187 14642843-1 2003 D-chiro-Inositol (DCI) enhances reproductive function in insulin-resistant women with polycystic ovarian disease and enhances the effects of insulin in the periphery, suggesting that this compound may act in part by sensitizing the hypothalamus to effects of insulin. Inositol 0-16 insulin Homo sapiens 57-64 14642843-1 2003 D-chiro-Inositol (DCI) enhances reproductive function in insulin-resistant women with polycystic ovarian disease and enhances the effects of insulin in the periphery, suggesting that this compound may act in part by sensitizing the hypothalamus to effects of insulin. Inositol 0-16 insulin Homo sapiens 141-148 14642843-1 2003 D-chiro-Inositol (DCI) enhances reproductive function in insulin-resistant women with polycystic ovarian disease and enhances the effects of insulin in the periphery, suggesting that this compound may act in part by sensitizing the hypothalamus to effects of insulin. Inositol 0-16 insulin Homo sapiens 141-148 12917943-0 2003 Insulin-sensitising drugs (metformin, troglitazone, rosiglitazone, pioglitazone, D-chiro-inositol) for polycystic ovary syndrome. Inositol 81-97 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 15251831-1 2002 OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the administration of D-chiro-inositol, a putative insulin-sensitizing drug, would affect the concentration of circulating insulin, the levels of serum androgens, and the frequency of ovulation in lean women with the polycystic ovary syndrome. Inositol 54-70 insulin Homo sapiens 83-90 15251831-1 2002 OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the administration of D-chiro-inositol, a putative insulin-sensitizing drug, would affect the concentration of circulating insulin, the levels of serum androgens, and the frequency of ovulation in lean women with the polycystic ovary syndrome. Inositol 54-70 insulin Homo sapiens 155-162 15251831-5 2002 RESULTS: In the 10 women given D-chiro-inositol, the mean (+/- standard error) area under the plasma insulin curve after oral administration of glucose decreased significantly from 8,343 +/- 1,149 mU/mL per min to 5,335 +/- 1,792 mU/mL per min in comparison with no significant change in the placebo group (P = 0.03 for difference between groups). Inositol 31-47 insulin Homo sapiens 101-108 15251831-9 2002 CONCLUSION: We conclude that, in lean women with the polycystic ovary syndrome, D-chiro-inositol reduces circulating insulin, decreases serum androgens, and ameliorates some of the metabolic abnormalities (increased blood pressure and hypertriglyceridemia) of syndrome X. Inositol 80-96 insulin Homo sapiens 117-124 12458657-1 2002 Two classes of inositol phosphoglycans have been implicated as second messengers of insulin, one that activates pyruvate dehydrogenase and contains D-chiroinositol, and one that inhibits cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase and contains myoinositol. Inositol 236-247 insulin Homo sapiens 84-91 11937980-10 2002 D-chiro-inositol is a mediator of insulin action and improves ovulatory cycles. Inositol 0-16 insulin Homo sapiens 34-41 11900279-0 2002 D-chiro-inositol--its functional role in insulin action and its deficit in insulin resistance. Inositol 0-16 insulin Homo sapiens 41-48 11900279-0 2002 D-chiro-inositol--its functional role in insulin action and its deficit in insulin resistance. Inositol 0-16 insulin Homo sapiens 75-82 11900279-1 2002 In this review we discuss the biological significance of D-chiro-inositol, originally discovered as a component of a putative mediator of intracellular insulin action, where as a putative mediator, it accelerates the dephosphorylation of glycogen synthase and pyruvate dehydrogenase, rate limiting enzymes of non-oxidative and oxidative glucose disposal. Inositol 57-73 insulin Homo sapiens 152-159 11900279-4 2002 Administration of D-chiro-inositol to diabetic rats, Rhesus monkeys and now to humans accelerated glucose disposal and sensitized insulin action. Inositol 18-34 insulin Homo sapiens 130-137 11900279-5 2002 A defect in vivo in the epimerization of myo-inositol to chiro-inositol in insulin sensitive tissues of the GK type 2 diabetic rat has been elucidated. Inositol 41-53 insulin Homo sapiens 75-82 11900279-5 2002 A defect in vivo in the epimerization of myo-inositol to chiro-inositol in insulin sensitive tissues of the GK type 2 diabetic rat has been elucidated. Inositol 57-71 insulin Homo sapiens 75-82 11900279-6 2002 Thus, administered D-chiro-inositol may act to bypass a defective normal epimerization of myo-inositol to D-chiro-inositol associated with insulin resistance and act to at least partially restore insulin sensitivity and glucose disposal. Inositol 19-35 insulin Homo sapiens 139-146 11900279-6 2002 Thus, administered D-chiro-inositol may act to bypass a defective normal epimerization of myo-inositol to D-chiro-inositol associated with insulin resistance and act to at least partially restore insulin sensitivity and glucose disposal. Inositol 19-35 insulin Homo sapiens 196-203 11900279-6 2002 Thus, administered D-chiro-inositol may act to bypass a defective normal epimerization of myo-inositol to D-chiro-inositol associated with insulin resistance and act to at least partially restore insulin sensitivity and glucose disposal. Inositol 106-122 insulin Homo sapiens 139-146 11497481-10 2001 Patients treated with another insulin sensitizer, D-chiro-inositol, have demonstrated improved insulin sensitivity, ovulatory rates, and biochemical findings. Inositol 50-66 insulin Homo sapiens 30-37 11497481-10 2001 Patients treated with another insulin sensitizer, D-chiro-inositol, have demonstrated improved insulin sensitivity, ovulatory rates, and biochemical findings. Inositol 50-66 insulin Homo sapiens 95-102 11547915-0 2001 D-chiro-inositol in insulin action and insulin resistance-old-fashioned biochemistry still at work. Inositol 0-16 insulin Homo sapiens 20-27 11280715-0 2001 Relationships of plasma C-peptide and gender to the urinary excretion of inositols in older people. Inositol 73-82 insulin Homo sapiens 24-33 11280715-1 2001 PURPOSE: The urinary excretions of myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol are elevated in diabetes, and have been suggested as possible markers or effectors of insulin action. Inositol 35-47 insulin Homo sapiens 155-162 11280715-1 2001 PURPOSE: The urinary excretions of myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol are elevated in diabetes, and have been suggested as possible markers or effectors of insulin action. Inositol 52-68 insulin Homo sapiens 155-162 11280715-10 2001 For all subjects combined, C-peptide AUC was positively correlated with the urinary excretion of each of the measured inositols, as well as the myo-inositol:D-chiro-inositol ratio. Inositol 118-127 insulin Homo sapiens 27-36 11280715-10 2001 For all subjects combined, C-peptide AUC was positively correlated with the urinary excretion of each of the measured inositols, as well as the myo-inositol:D-chiro-inositol ratio. Inositol 144-156 insulin Homo sapiens 27-36 11280715-10 2001 For all subjects combined, C-peptide AUC was positively correlated with the urinary excretion of each of the measured inositols, as well as the myo-inositol:D-chiro-inositol ratio. Inositol 118-126 insulin Homo sapiens 27-36 11280715-11 2001 The correlations between C-peptide AUC and these inositols were strongly influenced by the co-linear relationship between C-peptide AUC and gender. Inositol 49-58 insulin Homo sapiens 25-34 11280715-11 2001 The correlations between C-peptide AUC and these inositols were strongly influenced by the co-linear relationship between C-peptide AUC and gender. Inositol 49-58 insulin Homo sapiens 122-131 11280715-12 2001 CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, these data show that older, moderately overweight, non-diabetic men and women with gender-related differences in glucose-stimulated C-peptide AUC, an indirect indicator of insulin secretion, also display differences in the urinary excretion of myo-inositol, D-chiro-inositol, L-chiro-inositol, and pinitol. Inositol 271-283 insulin Homo sapiens 159-168 11280715-12 2001 CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, these data show that older, moderately overweight, non-diabetic men and women with gender-related differences in glucose-stimulated C-peptide AUC, an indirect indicator of insulin secretion, also display differences in the urinary excretion of myo-inositol, D-chiro-inositol, L-chiro-inositol, and pinitol. Inositol 285-301 insulin Homo sapiens 159-168 11280715-12 2001 CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, these data show that older, moderately overweight, non-diabetic men and women with gender-related differences in glucose-stimulated C-peptide AUC, an indirect indicator of insulin secretion, also display differences in the urinary excretion of myo-inositol, D-chiro-inositol, L-chiro-inositol, and pinitol. Inositol 303-319 insulin Homo sapiens 159-168 11117673-3 2000 Furthermore, a deficiency in a specific D-chiro-inositol-containing IPG may contribute to insulin resistance in women with PCOS. Inositol 40-56 insulin Homo sapiens 90-97 10501653-0 1999 Diabetes and the role of inositol-containing lipids in insulin signaling. Inositol 25-33 insulin Homo sapiens 55-62 10501653-7 1999 Although all the elements within the type II diabetes phenotype have not been fully defined, it has been proposed that defects in insulin transmembrane signaling through malfunction of inositol-containing phospholipid metabolism and absenteeism of the generation of phospholipid-derived second messengers may be associated with the appearance of the type II diabetic phenotype. Inositol 185-193 insulin Homo sapiens 130-137 10219066-1 1999 BACKGROUND: Women with the polycystic ovary syndrome have insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, possibly because of a deficiency of a D-chiro-inositol-containing phosphoglycan that mediates the action of insulin. Inositol 137-153 insulin Homo sapiens 58-65 10219066-1 1999 BACKGROUND: Women with the polycystic ovary syndrome have insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, possibly because of a deficiency of a D-chiro-inositol-containing phosphoglycan that mediates the action of insulin. Inositol 137-153 insulin Homo sapiens 86-93 10219066-2 1999 We hypothesized that the administration of D-chiro-inositol would replenish stores of the mediator and improve insulin sensitivity. Inositol 43-59 insulin Homo sapiens 111-118 10219066-5 1999 RESULTS: In the 22 women given D-chiro-inositol, the mean (+/-SD) area under the plasma insulin curve after the oral administration of glucose decreased from 13,417+/-11,572 to 5158+/-6714 microU per milliliter per minute (81+/-69 to 31+/-40 nmol per liter per minute) (P=0.007; P=0.07 for the comparison of this change with the change in the placebo group); glucose tolerance did not change significantly. Inositol 31-47 insulin Homo sapiens 88-95 10219066-10 1999 CONCLUSIONS: D-Chiro-inositol increases the action of insulin in patients with the polycystic ovary syndrome, thereby improving ovulatory function and decreasing serum androgen concentrations, blood pressure, and plasma triglyceride concentrations. Inositol 13-29 insulin Homo sapiens 54-61 10212830-6 1998 A deficiency of the chiro-inositol system has been demonstrated in urine and tissues in humans and directly related to insulin resistance. Inositol 26-34 insulin Homo sapiens 119-126 10212830-9 1998 Thus, the pathophysiology in the chiro-inositol system related to insulin resistance and its reversal by chiro-inositol administration, in addition to the basic work, argues strongly for the physiological significance of this novel signaling system in the control of glucose metabolism. Inositol 39-47 insulin Homo sapiens 66-73 10212830-9 1998 Thus, the pathophysiology in the chiro-inositol system related to insulin resistance and its reversal by chiro-inositol administration, in addition to the basic work, argues strongly for the physiological significance of this novel signaling system in the control of glucose metabolism. Inositol 111-119 insulin Homo sapiens 66-73 8772575-3 1996 A novel low mol wt inositol phosphoglycan antagonist of insulin action of oxidative glucose metabolism in isolated rat adipocytes was partially purified from normal human plasma and shown to be increased in type II diabetic plasma. Inositol 19-27 insulin Homo sapiens 56-63 7629237-3 1995 A novel low mol wt inositol phosphoglycan inhibitor (M tau 1200-1500) of insulin action in rat adipocytes has been partially purified from normal human plasma. Inositol 19-27 insulin Homo sapiens 73-80 7882818-0 1994 Urinary chiro-inositol excretion is an index marker of insulin sensitivity in Japanese type II diabetes. Inositol 8-22 insulin Homo sapiens 55-62 7882818-1 1994 OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between urinary chiro-inositol excretion and insulin sensitivity in Japanese type II diabetic patients. Inositol 57-71 insulin Homo sapiens 86-93 8234346-1 1993 D-chiro-inositol is a rare inositol isomer present in inositol phosphoglycans which are proposed mediators of insulin action. Inositol 0-16 insulin Homo sapiens 110-117 8234346-1 1993 D-chiro-inositol is a rare inositol isomer present in inositol phosphoglycans which are proposed mediators of insulin action. Inositol 8-16 insulin Homo sapiens 110-117 8234346-5 1993 The renal clearance of D-chiro-inositol was selectively elevated in both non-insulin-dependent and insulin-dependent diabetes when compared with the clearances of L-chiro-inositol or myo-inositol and exceeded the glomerular filtration rate in 71% of the diabetics but in none of the nondiabetics. Inositol 23-39 insulin Homo sapiens 77-84 8234346-6 1993 In poorly controlled diabetic patients insulin treatment reduced urinary D-chiro-inositol losses by 63% and increased plasma levels by 8.8-fold. Inositol 73-89 insulin Homo sapiens 39-46 8356081-0 1993 Insulin stimulates the biosynthesis of chiro-inositol-containing phospholipids in a rat fibroblast line expressing the human insulin receptor. Inositol 39-53 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 8356081-4 1993 Further detailed analysis of individual [3H]inositol-containing phospholipids demonstrated marked increases in specific activity of the chiro-[3H]inositol phospholipids after 15 min of incubation with insulin: phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate and 4,5-bisphosphate, 4.2-fold; lysophosphatidylinositol, 1.5-fold; phosphatidylinositol, 3.2-fold. Inositol 44-52 insulin Homo sapiens 201-208 8356081-6 1993 These findings indicate that insulin stimulates de novo synthesis of chiro-inositol-containing phospholipids at the inositol phospholipid level. Inositol 69-83 insulin Homo sapiens 29-36 8392181-1 1993 chiro- and myo-Inositols are major components of the two inositol phosphoglycan mediators of insulin action. Inositol 15-24 insulin Homo sapiens 93-100 8392181-1 1993 chiro- and myo-Inositols are major components of the two inositol phosphoglycan mediators of insulin action. Inositol 57-65 insulin Homo sapiens 93-100 8425483-4 1993 As in humans, monkeys with NIDDM have a lower urinary excretion rate of chiroinositol (CI), a component of a putative mediator of insulin action, compared to normal monkeys. Inositol 72-85 insulin Homo sapiens 130-137 8425483-4 1993 As in humans, monkeys with NIDDM have a lower urinary excretion rate of chiroinositol (CI), a component of a putative mediator of insulin action, compared to normal monkeys. Inositol 87-89 insulin Homo sapiens 130-137 1936592-7 1991 The biological significance of insulin-dependent gly-Pl hydrolysis was demonstrated by insulin and inositol phosphoglycan regulation of glucose metabolism in intact lymphocytes. Inositol 99-107 insulin Homo sapiens 31-38 2370888-1 1990 BACKGROUND AND METHODS: Inositol is a major component of the intracellular mediators of insulin action. Inositol 24-32 insulin Homo sapiens 88-95 2370888-9 1990 Furthermore, the chiro-inositol content of such preparations increased after the administration of insulin during euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic-clamp studies in normal subjects but not in patients with NIDDM: CONCLUSIONS: NIDDM is associated with decreased chiro-inositol excretion and decreased chiro-inositol content in muscle. Inositol 17-31 insulin Homo sapiens 99-106 2370888-9 1990 Furthermore, the chiro-inositol content of such preparations increased after the administration of insulin during euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic-clamp studies in normal subjects but not in patients with NIDDM: CONCLUSIONS: NIDDM is associated with decreased chiro-inositol excretion and decreased chiro-inositol content in muscle. Inositol 255-269 insulin Homo sapiens 99-106 2370888-9 1990 Furthermore, the chiro-inositol content of such preparations increased after the administration of insulin during euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic-clamp studies in normal subjects but not in patients with NIDDM: CONCLUSIONS: NIDDM is associated with decreased chiro-inositol excretion and decreased chiro-inositol content in muscle. Inositol 255-269 insulin Homo sapiens 99-106 34763665-1 2021 BACKGROUND: Several recent journal articles report that D-chiro-inositol (DCI), primarily known as insulin second messenger, influences steroidogenesis. Inositol 56-72 insulin Homo sapiens 99-106 34665453-1 2022 PURPOSE: To compare the effects of insulin sensitizers metformin (MET) and myo-inositol (MI) on adiponectin levels and metabolic characteristics in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with respect to their body mass index (BMI). Inositol 75-87 insulin Homo sapiens 35-42 34624138-0 2021 Efficacy of Myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol combination on menstrual cycle regulation and improving insulin resistance in young girls with PCOS: A randomized open-label study. Inositol 12-24 insulin Homo sapiens 102-109 34624138-0 2021 Efficacy of Myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol combination on menstrual cycle regulation and improving insulin resistance in young girls with PCOS: A randomized open-label study. Inositol 29-45 insulin Homo sapiens 102-109 34624138-8 2021 CONCLUSION: Myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol combination (3.6:1 ratio) is effective in regularising menstrual cycles and improving insulin resistance. Inositol 12-24 insulin Homo sapiens 132-139 34624138-8 2021 CONCLUSION: Myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol combination (3.6:1 ratio) is effective in regularising menstrual cycles and improving insulin resistance. Inositol 29-45 insulin Homo sapiens 132-139 34407851-0 2021 Comparative efficacy of oral insulin sensitizers metformin, thiazolidinediones, inositol, and berberine in improving endocrine and metabolic profiles in women with PCOS: a network meta-analysis. Inositol 80-88 insulin Homo sapiens 29-36 34407851-1 2021 BACKGROUND: Multiple oral insulin-sensitizing agents, such as metformin, thiazolidinediones, inositols, and berberine, have been proven safe and efficacious in improving the endocrine, metabolic, and reproductive abnormalities seen in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), providing more options for healthcare providers and patients. Inositol 93-102 insulin Homo sapiens 26-33 34407851-11 2021 Thiazolidinediones, metformin + thiazolidinediones, and myo-inositol + D-chiro-inositol were associated with a lower insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) compared with that in metformin alone (mean differences: - 0.72 (95% CI (- 1.11)-(- 0.34)) to - 0.89 (95% CI (- 1.460)-(- 0.32))). Inositol 56-68 insulin Homo sapiens 117-124 34407851-11 2021 Thiazolidinediones, metformin + thiazolidinediones, and myo-inositol + D-chiro-inositol were associated with a lower insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) compared with that in metformin alone (mean differences: - 0.72 (95% CI (- 1.11)-(- 0.34)) to - 0.89 (95% CI (- 1.460)-(- 0.32))). Inositol 71-87 insulin Homo sapiens 117-124 34407851-13 2021 CONCLUSIONS: Ours is the first study to report that for women with PCOS, myo-inositol combined with D-chiro-inositol and metformin combined with thiazolidinediones appear superior to metformin alone in improving insulin resistance and decreasing total testosterone. Inositol 73-85 insulin Homo sapiens 212-219 34407851-13 2021 CONCLUSIONS: Ours is the first study to report that for women with PCOS, myo-inositol combined with D-chiro-inositol and metformin combined with thiazolidinediones appear superior to metformin alone in improving insulin resistance and decreasing total testosterone. Inositol 100-116 insulin Homo sapiens 212-219 34444908-6 2021 Inositols and vitamin D supplementation, as well as micronutrients (zinc, chromium, magnesium) and pre/probiotics, result in modest improvement in insulin sensitivity, but their use is not systematically suggested. Inositol 0-9 insulin Homo sapiens 147-154 34337729-3 2021 In the last years, among the insulin sensitizers, the use of the two active isoforms of inositols (myo-inositol and d-chiro-inositol) has been spreading for the treatment of PCOS insulin resistance. Inositol 88-97 insulin Homo sapiens 29-36 34199095-1 2021 Myo-inositol (Myo) improves insulin resistance, glucose metabolism, and helps gestational diabetes (GDM) management. Inositol 0-12 insulin Homo sapiens 28-35 34070701-5 2021 In fact, myo-ins participates in several signaling processes, including the pathways of insulin and gonadotropins, and, therefore, it is likely to positively affect fertility. Inositol 9-16 insulin Homo sapiens 88-95 35417272-3 2022 Increased brain myoinositol and altered functional-connectivity have been found in diabetes, mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer"s disease, but the independent effects of plasma glucose and insulin on brain myoinositol and function are not characterized. Inositol 211-222 insulin Homo sapiens 194-201 35417272-7 2022 Lower myoinositol was associated with higher functional connectivity of the thalamus and precentral cortex with insula-ACC-related networks, suggesting myoinositol is involved in insulin-modulation of cognitive/emotional network function in healthy adults. Inositol 152-163 insulin Homo sapiens 179-186 35477841-2 2022 Many studies have reported improvement in insulin resistance and thereby intracellular glucose uptake after myo-inositol treatment in PCOS patients, but these studies have a small sample size, varying methodology, and outcome analysis. Inositol 108-120 insulin Homo sapiens 42-49 35503642-10 2022 d-chiro-inositol is an insulin second messenger with insulin sensitizing and mimetic properties, recently described as an aromatase down-regulator. Inositol 0-16 insulin Homo sapiens 23-30 35503642-10 2022 d-chiro-inositol is an insulin second messenger with insulin sensitizing and mimetic properties, recently described as an aromatase down-regulator. Inositol 0-16 insulin Homo sapiens 53-60 35277398-10 2022 HOMA-IR and serum insulin levels were lower in the myo-inositol vs placebo arm (mean difference -0.6, 95% CI -1.2 to 0.0 and -2.69, 95% CI -5.26 to -0.18, respectively). Inositol 51-63 insulin Homo sapiens 18-25 35277398-16 2022 There is a signal for efficacy in reducing insulin resistance in pregnancy with myo-inositol. Inositol 80-92 insulin Homo sapiens 43-50 35236761-0 2022 Myo-inositol for insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome and gestational diabetes. Inositol 0-12 insulin Homo sapiens 17-24 35472446-1 2022 INTRODUCTION: Myo-inositol (MI) and d-chiro-inositol (DCI) play a key role in ovarian physiology, as they are second messengers of insulin and gonadotropins. Inositol 14-26 insulin Homo sapiens 131-138 35472446-1 2022 INTRODUCTION: Myo-inositol (MI) and d-chiro-inositol (DCI) play a key role in ovarian physiology, as they are second messengers of insulin and gonadotropins. Inositol 36-52 insulin Homo sapiens 131-138 2851976-4 1988 Insulin provoked rapid, sizeable, increases in the inositol-labelling of this lipid (presumably a PI-glycan), and these increases were similar to those observed in PI and PI phosphates. Inositol 51-59 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 3016898-8 1986 Hydrolysis of the glycolipid precursor and subsequent generation of products could be reproduced by incubation of extracted lipids with a phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C. These studies suggest that insulin stimulates an endogenous, selective phospholipase C activity that hydrolyzes a novel glycolipid, resulting in the generation of a complex carbohydrate-phosphate substance containing inositol and glucosamine that may mediate some of the actions of the hormone. Inositol 150-158 insulin Homo sapiens 212-219 6337138-5 1983 These data suggest that insulin antagonism of alpha-adrenergic effects on glycogenolysis in liver is mediated at a step distal to hormone binding to the alpha 1-receptor and activation of inositol lipid breakdown but prior to intracellular Ca2+ mobilization. Inositol 188-196 insulin Homo sapiens 24-31 838172-4 1977 Insulin treatment restored the urinary myoinositol excretion toward normal. Inositol 39-50 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 838172-7 1977 This abnormality in oral myoinositol tolerance was also corrected by insulin treatment. Inositol 25-36 insulin Homo sapiens 69-76 838172-8 1977 The size of the rapidly equilibrating myoinositol pool was significantly decreased in the untreated diabetic and returned to normal following a brief period of insulin treatment. Inositol 38-49 insulin Homo sapiens 160-167 33721623-18 2021 The mean (range) dose of insulin was 25.3 units in myoinositol group compared to 14.27 units in controls (p = 0.058). Inositol 51-62 insulin Homo sapiens 25-32 33893377-1 2021 To verify whether myo-inositol plus alpha-lactalbumin may reduce insulin resistance and excessive fetal growth in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Inositol 18-30 insulin Homo sapiens 65-72 33893377-8 2021 A combination of myo-inositol and alpha-lactalbumin may reduce insulin resistance and excessive fetal growth.Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, http://www.clinicaltrials.gov , NCT03763669, first posted date 04/12/2018; last posted date December 06/12/2018. Inositol 17-29 insulin Homo sapiens 63-70 32945218-11 2021 CONCLUSIONS: Myoinositol (4 g) might be used alone as an insulin sensitizer to improve metabolic, hormonal and reproductive outcome in infertile PCOS women. Inositol 13-24 insulin Homo sapiens 57-64 33859622-0 2021 D-Chiro-Inositol Regulates Insulin Signaling in Human Adipocytes. Inositol 0-16 insulin Homo sapiens 27-34 33859622-1 2021 D-Chiro-Inositol (D-Chiro-Ins) is a secondary messenger in the insulin signaling pathway. Inositol 0-16 insulin Homo sapiens 63-70 33755975-3 2021 Myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol are normally stored in kidney, brain and liver and are necessary for functions, such as signal transduction, metabolic flux, insulin signaling, regulation of ion-channel permeability, stress response and embryo development. Inositol 0-12 insulin Homo sapiens 159-166 33755975-3 2021 Myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol are normally stored in kidney, brain and liver and are necessary for functions, such as signal transduction, metabolic flux, insulin signaling, regulation of ion-channel permeability, stress response and embryo development. Inositol 17-33 insulin Homo sapiens 159-166 33269516-0 2021 Letter to "May myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol (40:1) treatment be a good option on normal-weighted polycystic ovary syndrome patients without insulin resistance?" Inositol 32-48 insulin Homo sapiens 145-152 33553394-0 2021 Impact of different stereoisomers of inositol on insulin sensitivity of gestational diabetes mellitus patients. Inositol 37-45 insulin Homo sapiens 49-56 33553394-2 2021 AIM: To discuss the impact of different stereoisomers of inositol on insulin sensitivity of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) patients. Inositol 57-65 insulin Homo sapiens 69-76 33553394-12 2021 CONCLUSION: Treatment with different inositol stereoisomers (inositol MI and inositol DCI) can improve insulin sensitivity and reduce insulin resistance in diabetic patients, and inositol DCI has a better curative effect than inositol MI. Inositol 37-45 insulin Homo sapiens 103-110 33553394-12 2021 CONCLUSION: Treatment with different inositol stereoisomers (inositol MI and inositol DCI) can improve insulin sensitivity and reduce insulin resistance in diabetic patients, and inositol DCI has a better curative effect than inositol MI. Inositol 37-45 insulin Homo sapiens 134-141 33553394-12 2021 CONCLUSION: Treatment with different inositol stereoisomers (inositol MI and inositol DCI) can improve insulin sensitivity and reduce insulin resistance in diabetic patients, and inositol DCI has a better curative effect than inositol MI. Inositol 61-69 insulin Homo sapiens 103-110 33553394-12 2021 CONCLUSION: Treatment with different inositol stereoisomers (inositol MI and inositol DCI) can improve insulin sensitivity and reduce insulin resistance in diabetic patients, and inositol DCI has a better curative effect than inositol MI. Inositol 61-69 insulin Homo sapiens 134-141 33553394-12 2021 CONCLUSION: Treatment with different inositol stereoisomers (inositol MI and inositol DCI) can improve insulin sensitivity and reduce insulin resistance in diabetic patients, and inositol DCI has a better curative effect than inositol MI. Inositol 61-69 insulin Homo sapiens 103-110 33553394-12 2021 CONCLUSION: Treatment with different inositol stereoisomers (inositol MI and inositol DCI) can improve insulin sensitivity and reduce insulin resistance in diabetic patients, and inositol DCI has a better curative effect than inositol MI. Inositol 61-69 insulin Homo sapiens 134-141 33553394-12 2021 CONCLUSION: Treatment with different inositol stereoisomers (inositol MI and inositol DCI) can improve insulin sensitivity and reduce insulin resistance in diabetic patients, and inositol DCI has a better curative effect than inositol MI. Inositol 61-69 insulin Homo sapiens 103-110 33553394-12 2021 CONCLUSION: Treatment with different inositol stereoisomers (inositol MI and inositol DCI) can improve insulin sensitivity and reduce insulin resistance in diabetic patients, and inositol DCI has a better curative effect than inositol MI. Inositol 61-69 insulin Homo sapiens 134-141 33553394-12 2021 CONCLUSION: Treatment with different inositol stereoisomers (inositol MI and inositol DCI) can improve insulin sensitivity and reduce insulin resistance in diabetic patients, and inositol DCI has a better curative effect than inositol MI. Inositol 61-69 insulin Homo sapiens 103-110 33553394-12 2021 CONCLUSION: Treatment with different inositol stereoisomers (inositol MI and inositol DCI) can improve insulin sensitivity and reduce insulin resistance in diabetic patients, and inositol DCI has a better curative effect than inositol MI. Inositol 61-69 insulin Homo sapiens 134-141 33165596-1 2021 CONTEXT: Perturbed inositol physiology in insulin resistant conditions has led to proposals of inositol supplementation for gestational diabetes (GDM) prevention, but placental inositol biology is poorly understood. Inositol 19-27 insulin Homo sapiens 42-49 33165596-1 2021 CONTEXT: Perturbed inositol physiology in insulin resistant conditions has led to proposals of inositol supplementation for gestational diabetes (GDM) prevention, but placental inositol biology is poorly understood. Inositol 95-103 insulin Homo sapiens 42-49 33165596-1 2021 CONTEXT: Perturbed inositol physiology in insulin resistant conditions has led to proposals of inositol supplementation for gestational diabetes (GDM) prevention, but placental inositol biology is poorly understood. Inositol 95-103 insulin Homo sapiens 42-49 33468143-2 2021 Myo-inositol (MI) increases insulin sensitivity, decreases hyperandrogenism and improves the menstrual cycle. Inositol 0-12 insulin Homo sapiens 28-35 33506934-3 2021 On the one hand, under a metabolic perspective, D-chiro-Inositol improves insulin signaling, thus restoring physiological insulin levels in resistant subjects. Inositol 48-64 insulin Homo sapiens 74-81 33506934-3 2021 On the one hand, under a metabolic perspective, D-chiro-Inositol improves insulin signaling, thus restoring physiological insulin levels in resistant subjects. Inositol 48-64 insulin Homo sapiens 122-129 32433604-2 2021 Inositol, an insulin sensitizer, has been trialled for gestational diabetes prevention. Inositol 0-8 insulin Homo sapiens 13-20 33334002-7 2020 The naturally occurring inositols display insulin-sensitizing effects and may be also used in this context because of their safety profile. Inositol 24-33 insulin Homo sapiens 42-49 33280430-2 2022 Inositols and their derivatives are involved in glucose and lipid metabolism and participate in insulin-signaling, with perturbations in inositol processing being associated with conditions involving insulin resistance, dysglycemia and dyslipidemia such as polycystic ovary syndrome and diabetes. Inositol 0-9 insulin Homo sapiens 96-103 33280430-2 2022 Inositols and their derivatives are involved in glucose and lipid metabolism and participate in insulin-signaling, with perturbations in inositol processing being associated with conditions involving insulin resistance, dysglycemia and dyslipidemia such as polycystic ovary syndrome and diabetes. Inositol 137-145 insulin Homo sapiens 200-207 33280430-5 2022 Inositol supplementation has shown promise as an intervention for the alleviation of symptoms in conditions of insulin resistance and for gestational diabetes prevention. Inositol 0-8 insulin Homo sapiens 111-118 33260918-2 2020 Both inositols have a role in insulin signaling and hormonal synthesis in the ovaries. Inositol 5-14 insulin Homo sapiens 30-37 32770354-5 2020 In PCOS patients, COC treatment modified the hormonal profile and worsened lipid parameters (increasing cholesterol and triglyceride levels) and insulin resistance, whereas inositol therapies improved significantly insulin resistance and glycosylated hemoglobin, reducing cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Inositol 173-181 insulin Homo sapiens 215-222 33020399-0 2020 Direct Effects of D-Chiro-Inositol on Insulin Signaling and Glucagon Secretion of Pancreatic Alpha Cells. Inositol 18-34 insulin Homo sapiens 38-45 33020399-3 2020 The aim of this study was to investigate the preventive role of D-chiro-inositol (DCI), which has insulin receptor-sensitizer effects on insulin signaling pathways and glucagon secretion in pancreatic alpha-TC1 clone 6 cells. Inositol 64-80 insulin Homo sapiens 98-105 33090422-2 2020 D-chiro-inositol, one of the natural occurring stereoisomer of myo-inositol, acts as a second messenger in insulin-regulated glucose metabolism in complementary mode with myo-inositol. Inositol 0-16 insulin Homo sapiens 107-114 33090422-2 2020 D-chiro-inositol, one of the natural occurring stereoisomer of myo-inositol, acts as a second messenger in insulin-regulated glucose metabolism in complementary mode with myo-inositol. Inositol 63-75 insulin Homo sapiens 107-114 33090422-2 2020 D-chiro-inositol, one of the natural occurring stereoisomer of myo-inositol, acts as a second messenger in insulin-regulated glucose metabolism in complementary mode with myo-inositol. Inositol 171-183 insulin Homo sapiens 107-114 33090422-3 2020 Because of their insulin-mimetic activities and safety, both myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol are often employed as supplements in insulin-resistance treatment. Inositol 61-73 insulin Homo sapiens 17-24 33090422-3 2020 Because of their insulin-mimetic activities and safety, both myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol are often employed as supplements in insulin-resistance treatment. Inositol 61-73 insulin Homo sapiens 132-139 33090422-3 2020 Because of their insulin-mimetic activities and safety, both myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol are often employed as supplements in insulin-resistance treatment. Inositol 78-94 insulin Homo sapiens 17-24 33090422-3 2020 Because of their insulin-mimetic activities and safety, both myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol are often employed as supplements in insulin-resistance treatment. Inositol 78-94 insulin Homo sapiens 132-139 32825356-8 2020 This work presents a critical review of inositol actions on insulin signaling, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction, and its potential for either preventing or delaying cognitive impairment in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Inositol 40-48 insulin Homo sapiens 60-67 32552009-2 2020 However, information about d-chiro-inositol (DCI) is still scarce, despite the ratio MI:DCI is tissue-specific and actively maintained by an insulin-dependent epimerase enzyme. Inositol 27-43 insulin Homo sapiens 141-148 32418411-12 2020 Indeed, emerging data support inositol and alpha-lipoic acid as alternative compounds, alone or in combination with the aforementioned strategies, with favourable effects on ovulation, insulin resistance and inflammation. Inositol 30-38 insulin Homo sapiens 185-192 32418772-1 2020 It is well known that myo-inositol (MI) and D-chiro-inositol (DCI) are insulin-sensitizing agents, and MI is of proven utility in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Inositol 22-34 insulin Homo sapiens 71-78 32418772-1 2020 It is well known that myo-inositol (MI) and D-chiro-inositol (DCI) are insulin-sensitizing agents, and MI is of proven utility in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Inositol 44-60 insulin Homo sapiens 71-78 32646482-0 2020 Effect of dietary myo-inositol supplementation on the insulin resistance and the prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Inositol 18-30 insulin Homo sapiens 54-61 32646482-3 2020 Myo-inositol has been suggested to improve insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Inositol 0-12 insulin Homo sapiens 43-50 32587614-14 2020 Myo-inositol supplementation was associated with lower insulin levels, glucose levels, and insulin resistance when compared with placebo, metformin, or estrogen treatments. Inositol 0-12 insulin Homo sapiens 55-62 32587614-14 2020 Myo-inositol supplementation was associated with lower insulin levels, glucose levels, and insulin resistance when compared with placebo, metformin, or estrogen treatments. Inositol 0-12 insulin Homo sapiens 91-98 32587614-15 2020 Conclusions: The use of insulin-sensitizing agents, such as metformin and inositols, along with lifestyle interventions may improve the metabolic profile in PCOS women. Inositol 74-83 insulin Homo sapiens 24-31 32396844-1 2020 This review details the physiologic roles of two insulin sensitizers, myo-inositol (MI) and d-chiro-inositol (DCI). Inositol 70-82 insulin Homo sapiens 49-56 32396844-1 2020 This review details the physiologic roles of two insulin sensitizers, myo-inositol (MI) and d-chiro-inositol (DCI). Inositol 92-108 insulin Homo sapiens 49-56 32290029-7 2020 We demonstrated that an IP6 and inositol combination supplement may regulate insulin secretion, modulate serum leptin concentrations, food intake, and associated weight gain, which may be beneficial in both prediabetic and diabetic states. Inositol 32-40 insulin Homo sapiens 77-84 32252239-0 2020 Targeting Metabolic Consequences of Insulin Resistance in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome by D-chiro-inositol and Emerging Nutraceuticals: A Focused Review. Inositol 87-103 insulin Homo sapiens 36-43 32252239-6 2020 D-chiro-inositol (DCI), which is a naturally occurring stereoisomer of inositol, has been classified as an insulin-sensitizer and seems to mitigate multiple InsR-related metabolic alterations in PCOS with a safe profile. Inositol 0-16 insulin Homo sapiens 107-114 32252239-6 2020 D-chiro-inositol (DCI), which is a naturally occurring stereoisomer of inositol, has been classified as an insulin-sensitizer and seems to mitigate multiple InsR-related metabolic alterations in PCOS with a safe profile. Inositol 8-16 insulin Homo sapiens 107-114 30558466-1 2020 OBJECTIVE: To identify the effects of different dietary inositol stereoisomers on insulin resistance and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in women at high risk for this disorder. Inositol 56-64 insulin Homo sapiens 82-89 31874063-0 2020 The insulin-sensitizing mechanism of myo-inositol is associated with AMPK activation and GLUT-4 expression in human endometrial cells exposed to a PCOS environment. Inositol 37-49 insulin Homo sapiens 4-11 31874063-3 2020 Myo-inositol (MYO) is an insulin-sensitizing compound used in PCOS patients; however, its insulin-sensitizing mechanism is unclear. Inositol 0-12 insulin Homo sapiens 25-32 31874063-3 2020 Myo-inositol (MYO) is an insulin-sensitizing compound used in PCOS patients; however, its insulin-sensitizing mechanism is unclear. Inositol 0-12 insulin Homo sapiens 90-97 31874063-3 2020 Myo-inositol (MYO) is an insulin-sensitizing compound used in PCOS patients; however, its insulin-sensitizing mechanism is unclear. Inositol 14-17 insulin Homo sapiens 25-32