PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 2692717-1 1989 The aromatic 1H NMR resonances of the insulin monomer are assigned at 500 MHz by comparative studies of chemically modified and genetically altered variants, including a mutant insulin (PheB25----Leu) associated with diabetes mellitus. Hydrogen 13-15 insulin Homo sapiens 38-45 2692717-1 1989 The aromatic 1H NMR resonances of the insulin monomer are assigned at 500 MHz by comparative studies of chemically modified and genetically altered variants, including a mutant insulin (PheB25----Leu) associated with diabetes mellitus. Hydrogen 13-15 insulin Homo sapiens 177-184 2557291-1 1989 investigation of the hydrogen exchange in H2O of the peptide fragment B23-B29 of insulin. Hydrogen 21-29 insulin Homo sapiens 81-88 2557291-2 1989 Detailed and precise information on the exchanges in water of the peptide hydrogens of the insulin fragment B23-B29 (Gly23-Phe24-Phe25-Tyr26-Thr27-Pro28 -Lys29) has been obtained from magnetization-transfer measurements, and nonlinear least-squares fits of the experimental spectra using the expression for the discrete Fourier transform of a sum of exponentially damped sinusoids. Hydrogen 74-83 insulin Homo sapiens 91-98 2692597-1 1989 Resonance assignments of the 1H spectrum of insulin are the basis on which to investigate its solution conformation by using NMR method. Hydrogen 29-31 insulin Homo sapiens 44-51 2692597-3 1989 S-sulfonated A and B chains of insulin gave 1H spectra with good resolutions. Hydrogen 44-46 insulin Homo sapiens 31-38 3043709-0 1988 [Insulin as a regulator of hydrogen ion homeostasis]. Hydrogen 27-35 insulin Homo sapiens 1-8 2642711-0 1989 High resolution 1H-NMR studies of Des-(B26-B30)-insulin; assignment of resonances and properties of aromatic residues. Hydrogen 16-18 insulin Homo sapiens 48-55 2642711-1 1989 The assignments of 1H resonances of the eight aromatic residues of Des-(B26-B30)-insulin are reported, based on pH titration, selective spin decoupling and its 500 MHz 1H two-dimensional (2D)-COSY spectrum. Hydrogen 19-21 insulin Homo sapiens 81-88 2642711-1 1989 The assignments of 1H resonances of the eight aromatic residues of Des-(B26-B30)-insulin are reported, based on pH titration, selective spin decoupling and its 500 MHz 1H two-dimensional (2D)-COSY spectrum. Hydrogen 168-170 insulin Homo sapiens 81-88 2642711-5 1989 From this study of the low-field region of 1H-NMR spectrum of Des-(B26-B30)-insulin, we conclude that this molecule probably maintains the major structural features of insulin in aqueous solution, but there are some readjustments of the peptide conformation. Hydrogen 43-45 insulin Homo sapiens 76-83 7262046-4 1981 Insulin responsiveness in vivo was estimated by means of a 1h-insulin infusion test (two 30-min. Hydrogen 59-61 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 7035679-0 1981 1H nuclear magnetic resonance study of the histidine residues of insulin. Hydrogen 0-2 insulin Homo sapiens 65-72 7262046-4 1981 Insulin responsiveness in vivo was estimated by means of a 1h-insulin infusion test (two 30-min. Hydrogen 59-61 insulin Homo sapiens 62-69 4475634-0 1974 A comparative study on the basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor and insulin by the hydrogen-exchange method. Hydrogen 81-89 insulin Homo sapiens 66-73 19247-1 1977 The amino groups of insulin have been studied by 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in insulin, zinc-free insulin and methylated insulin. Hydrogen 49-51 insulin Homo sapiens 20-27 10620-1 1976 Cimetidine infusion (100 mg h-1) reduced the acid secretory response to insulin infusion (0.03 units Kg-1h-1) when compared to paired control tests in 6 healthy volunteers. Hydrogen 104-106 insulin Homo sapiens 72-79 470930-1 1979 A new family of insulin secretogogues that resemble glucose in hydrogen bonding possibilities. Hydrogen 63-71 insulin Homo sapiens 16-23 4387276-0 1968 Action of insulin and triiodothyronine on energy-controlled pathways of hydrogen. Hydrogen 72-80 insulin Homo sapiens 10-17 5372272-0 1969 Hydrogen-deuterium exchange in insulin. Hydrogen 0-8 insulin Homo sapiens 31-38 5167780-0 1971 An analysis of a structural difference between beef and pork insulin detected by differences in the exchange rates of amide hydrogens as measured by infrared spectroscopy. Hydrogen 124-133 insulin Homo sapiens 61-68 5502292-0 1970 Hydrogen isotope exchange of insulin. Hydrogen 0-8 insulin Homo sapiens 29-36 5714494-0 1968 [Action of fasting and insulin on the synthesis of fatty acids beginning with glucose specifically marked with carbon and hydrogen]. Hydrogen 122-130 insulin Homo sapiens 23-30 5893923-2 1965 Hydrogen bonding of tyrosine residues in the insulin molecule. Hydrogen 0-8 insulin Homo sapiens 45-52 32562617-3 2020 Here, we present how combining these techniques provides insight into the aggregation of the hexapeptide VEALYL (Val-Glu-Ala-Leu-Tyr-Leu), the B-chain residue 12-17 segment of insulin that forms amyloid fibrils (intermolecularly hydrogen-bonded beta-sheets) when the pH is lowered below 4. Hydrogen 229-237 insulin Homo sapiens 176-183 13772880-0 1961 Deuterium-hydrogen exchange between water and insulin. Hydrogen 10-18 insulin Homo sapiens 46-53 32682034-4 2020 Our results demonstrate an entropy-driven spontaneous interaction between insulin and TA, where hydrogen bonds act as the main enthalpic contribution. Hydrogen 96-104 insulin Homo sapiens 74-81 13198919-0 1954 Exchange of hydrogen atoms in insulin with deuterium atoms in aqueous solutions. Hydrogen 12-20 insulin Homo sapiens 30-37 33929849-3 2021 The twisted state primarily influences the contacts involving the C-terminus of insulin"s B chain, shifting the registry of its intermolecular hydrogen bonds and reorganizing its side-chain packing. Hydrogen 143-151 insulin Homo sapiens 80-87 31449814-0 2020 Profiling Insulin Oligomeric States by 1H NMR Spectroscopy for Formulation Development of Ultra-Rapid-Acting Insulin. Hydrogen 39-41 insulin Homo sapiens 10-17 32202581-6 2020 Additionally, we found that compared with Fc-FY, the better inhibitory effect of Fc-FF at concentration below 400 microM was mainly resulted from the difference in pi-pi interaction and hydrogen bonds between Fc-peptides and insulin, according to molecular dynamics analysis. Hydrogen 186-194 insulin Homo sapiens 225-232 31449814-0 2020 Profiling Insulin Oligomeric States by 1H NMR Spectroscopy for Formulation Development of Ultra-Rapid-Acting Insulin. Hydrogen 39-41 insulin Homo sapiens 109-116 30767123-6 2019 Binding interaction analysis revealed that insulin entrapment is largely due to hydrogen bonding between the polymer matrix and insulin, and flooding the matrix with electrical charge likely disrupts the attractive forces that kept protein in place helping the release of the proteins. Hydrogen 80-88 insulin Homo sapiens 43-50 30660761-0 2019 Insulin resistance and NAFLD: Relationship with intrahepatic iron and serum TNF-alpha using 1H MR spectroscopy and MRI. Hydrogen 92-94 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 31661243-8 2019 Furthermore, the results obtained after molecular docking indicated that CA is interacting with insulin via hydrogen bonds. Hydrogen 108-116 insulin Homo sapiens 96-103 25392748-4 2014 Insulin sensitivity (Si) was determined by a 2-stage glucose clamp, liver and intramyocellular lipid by 1H-MR spectroscopy and body composition by DEXA. Hydrogen 104-106 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 29633446-10 2018 Structural analysis of this variant suggested disruption of a critical hydrogen bond between insulin and the insulin receptor; however, the clinical picture in some individuals also suggested abnormal insulin processing and insulin deficiency. Hydrogen 71-79 insulin Homo sapiens 93-100 28560519-10 2018 Fasting serum insulin levels dropped by 5.4% after H2 administration, while placebo intervention augmented insulin response by 29.3% (P = 0.01). Hydrogen 51-53 insulin Homo sapiens 14-21 28560519-11 2018 CONCLUSIONS: It appears that orally administered H2 as a blend of hydrogen-generating minerals might be a beneficial agent in the management of body composition and insulin resistance in obesity. Hydrogen 49-51 insulin Homo sapiens 165-172 28560519-11 2018 CONCLUSIONS: It appears that orally administered H2 as a blend of hydrogen-generating minerals might be a beneficial agent in the management of body composition and insulin resistance in obesity. Hydrogen 66-74 insulin Homo sapiens 165-172 28240384-2 2018 Many studies have also shown the various therapeutic effects of H2 S, which include protection against myocardial ischemia injury, cytoprotection against oxidative stress, mediation of neurotransmission, inhibition of insulin signaling, regulation of inflammation, inhibition of the hypoxia-inducible pathway, and dilation of blood vessels. Hydrogen 64-66 insulin Homo sapiens 218-225 27287134-4 2016 Furthermore, in vitro release study specified that free rh insulin solution encapsulated in uncoated gelatine capsule released 97.8% of peptide within 1h in SGF (pH~1.2). Hydrogen 151-153 insulin Homo sapiens 59-66 27264884-2 2016 Therefore, the purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that an acute 1h bout of hyperthermic treatment improves glucose, insulin, and leptin responses to an oral glucose challenge (OGTT) in obese type 2 diabetics and healthy humans. Hydrogen 78-80 insulin Homo sapiens 130-137 27019194-2 2016 The preparation was performed in the presence of insulin due to the formation of hydrogen bonds between poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) or its conjugate poly(acrylic acid)-cysteine (PAA-Cys) with a molecular mass of 100 as well as 450 kDa. Hydrogen 81-89 insulin Homo sapiens 49-56 26305973-4 2015 Insulin-stimulated rates of muscle glucose uptake were reduced by 25% (P<0.01) in the elderly subjects and were associated with ~70% (P<0.04) increase in IMCL, assessed by 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Hydrogen 178-180 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 25358869-4 2015 The results of the PCA, the 2D correlation spectroscopic analysis, and the AAMD calculations clearly reveal that the thermal denaturation mechanisms and the degrees of hydrogen bonding in the spherical and rod-shaped insulin nanoparticles are different. Hydrogen 168-176 insulin Homo sapiens 217-224 29860500-1 2018 Context: We previously demonstrated that insulin infusion altered metabolite concentrations in cerebral tissues assessed with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) in young subjects with high insulin sensitivity, but not in those with low insulin sensitivity. Hydrogen 166-168 insulin Homo sapiens 41-48 29269206-0 2018 Reduced insulin sensitivity may be related to less striatal glutamate: An 1H-MRS study in healthy non-obese humans. Hydrogen 74-76 insulin Homo sapiens 8-15 28598606-4 2017 Crystal structures of dimeric and hexameric insulin preparations suggest that a hydrogen bond between the hydroxyl group of Hzp and a backbone amide carbonyl positioned across the dimer interface may be responsible for the altered behavior. Hydrogen 80-88 insulin Homo sapiens 44-51 28881687-0 2017 OGTT 1h serum C-peptide to plasma glucose concentration ratio is more related to beta cell function and diabetes mellitus. Hydrogen 5-7 insulin Homo sapiens 14-23 28881687-10 2017 Both C-peptide index 1h (Exp(beta) = 0.28, p<0.001) and 2h (Exp(beta) = 0.42, p<0.001) were independently associated with disposition index, but the OR of C-peptide index 1h for diabetes was much lower. Hydrogen 21-23 insulin Homo sapiens 5-14 28881687-10 2017 Both C-peptide index 1h (Exp(beta) = 0.28, p<0.001) and 2h (Exp(beta) = 0.42, p<0.001) were independently associated with disposition index, but the OR of C-peptide index 1h for diabetes was much lower. Hydrogen 21-23 insulin Homo sapiens 161-170 27628439-4 2017 Aim of this study was investigating all these different conditions of diabetes risk, with specific focus on possible insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function changes, when 1h-HG, and further HbA1c-prediabetes, are added to the already deeply studied condition of IFG/IGT. Hydrogen 174-176 insulin Homo sapiens 117-124 27495851-0 2016 Mapping insulin non-covalent interactions with natural polysaccharides by hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry. Hydrogen 74-82 insulin Homo sapiens 8-15 27495851-3 2016 Here amide hydrogen/deuterium exchange (HDX) mass spectrometry was employed to localize insulin dynamics induced by interactions with three natural polysaccharides, i.e. chitosan (CH), sodium alginate (ALG) and chondroitin sulfate (CS). Hydrogen 11-19 insulin Homo sapiens 88-95 25898721-0 2014 [Solid state isotope hydrogen exchange for deuterium and tritium in human gene-engineered insulin]. Hydrogen 21-29 insulin Homo sapiens 90-97 32261517-2 2014 1H NMR and fluorescence analyses revealed that BCC binds to insulin through electrostatic and host-guest interactions. Hydrogen 0-2 insulin Homo sapiens 60-67 24732091-3 2014 OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to test the accuracy of NAFLD liver fat score (NAFLD-LFS), hepatic steatosis index (HSI) and fatty liver index (FLI) against 1H-MRS and their relationships with insulin sensitivity and secretion. Hydrogen 166-168 insulin Homo sapiens 202-209 25898721-2 2014 The reaction of human gene-engineered insulin with deuterium and tritium was conducted at 120-140 C to produce insulin samples containing 2-6 hydrogen isotope atoms. Hydrogen 143-151 insulin Homo sapiens 38-45 25898721-2 2014 The reaction of human gene-engineered insulin with deuterium and tritium was conducted at 120-140 C to produce insulin samples containing 2-6 hydrogen isotope atoms. Hydrogen 143-151 insulin Homo sapiens 112-119 23080424-0 2013 Endogenous CSE/H2 S system mediates TNF-alpha-induced insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Hydrogen 15-17 insulin Homo sapiens 54-61 24275002-9 2014 However, the decrease of serum-S100B 1h after glucose ingestion correlated inversely with the respective changes of serum-insulin (r = -0.484, P=0.049) and serum-C-peptide (r = -0.570, P = 0.017). Hydrogen 37-39 insulin Homo sapiens 122-129 23080424-3 2013 We have hypothesized that TNF-alpha-induced insulin resistance is involved in endogenous H2 S generation. Hydrogen 89-91 insulin Homo sapiens 44-51 23080424-7 2013 Inhibited CSE by its potent inhibitors significantly attenuates TNF-alpha-induced insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, whereas H2 S treatment of 3T3-L1 adipocytes impairs insulin-stimulated glucose consumption and uptake. Hydrogen 131-133 insulin Homo sapiens 175-182 23080424-9 2013 Our findings suggest that modulation of CSE/H2 S system is a potential therapeutic avenue for insulin resistance. Hydrogen 44-46 insulin Homo sapiens 94-101 22382411-0 2012 A new approach to characterization of insulin derived from different species using 1H-NMR coupled with multivariate analysis. Hydrogen 83-85 insulin Homo sapiens 38-45 23399272-7 2013 The 17% HA-insulin conjugate showed a lowering effect on blood glucose level for up to 6h, while free insulin exhausted its action after 1h. Hydrogen 137-139 insulin Homo sapiens 102-109 22357182-6 2012 RESULTS: Compared with individuals with a 1-h postload plasma glucose <155 mg/dL (NGT 1h-low), NGT 1h-high individuals exhibited lower insulin sensitivity after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI. Hydrogen 102-104 insulin Homo sapiens 138-145 22357182-8 2012 By contrast, compared with NGT 1h-low individuals, the acute insulin response during an IVGTT and the disposition index were significantly reduced in NGT 1h-high individuals after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI. Hydrogen 31-33 insulin Homo sapiens 61-68 22357182-8 2012 By contrast, compared with NGT 1h-low individuals, the acute insulin response during an IVGTT and the disposition index were significantly reduced in NGT 1h-high individuals after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI. Hydrogen 154-156 insulin Homo sapiens 61-68 22357182-10 2012 CONCLUSIONS: NGT 1h-high individuals may represent an intermediate state of glucose intolerance between NGT and type 2 diabetes characterized by insulin resistance and reduced beta-cell function, the two main pathophysiological defects responsible for the development of type 2 diabetes. Hydrogen 17-19 insulin Homo sapiens 145-152 22281499-6 2012 Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry further reveals reduced backbone accessibility in insulin aggregates formed in the presence of C-peptide. Hydrogen 0-8 insulin Homo sapiens 96-103 22281499-6 2012 Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry further reveals reduced backbone accessibility in insulin aggregates formed in the presence of C-peptide. Hydrogen 0-8 insulin Homo sapiens 141-150 23220415-0 2013 Analysis of the local dynamics of human insulin and a rapid-acting insulin analog by hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry. Hydrogen 85-93 insulin Homo sapiens 40-47 23220415-0 2013 Analysis of the local dynamics of human insulin and a rapid-acting insulin analog by hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry. Hydrogen 85-93 insulin Homo sapiens 67-74 23220415-3 2013 In our previous study performed using hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX/MS), differences were observed in the rates and levels of deuteration among insulin analog products, which were found to be related to their self-association stability. Hydrogen 38-46 insulin Homo sapiens 165-172 23022543-5 2013 After 1h of contact between the protein solution and the surface, the adsorbed insulin has practically stopped dissociating from the surface. Hydrogen 6-8 insulin Homo sapiens 79-86 21951784-0 2012 Analysis of oligomeric stability of insulin analogs using hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry. Hydrogen 58-66 insulin Homo sapiens 36-43 21951784-3 2012 To investigate the oligomeric stability of insulin analog products having different pharmacokinetics, we performed hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX/MS), which is a rapid method to analyze dynamic aspects of protein structures. Hydrogen 115-123 insulin Homo sapiens 43-50 22382411-5 2012 However, we have been able to distinguish between three insulin species differing in one to three amino acid residues using a combination of multivariate statistics and 1H-NMR spectra. Hydrogen 169-171 insulin Homo sapiens 56-63 21880708-0 2011 Non-equivalent role of inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bonds in the insulin dimer interface. Hydrogen 49-57 insulin Homo sapiens 71-78 19145608-0 2009 1H[19F] NOE NMR structural signatures of the insulin R6 hexamer: evidence of a capped HisB10 site in aryl- and arylacryloyl-carboxylate complexes. Hydrogen 0-2 insulin Homo sapiens 45-52 21936798-3 2011 To this end, hydrogen-transfer reactions have been observed between cysteine thiyl radicals and glycine, alanine, serine, valine and leucine in both model peptides and a protein, insulin. Hydrogen 13-21 insulin Homo sapiens 179-186 22649374-5 2011 Long-lived hydrogen bonds (as defined by global exchange kinetics) exist only at a subset of four alpha-helical sites (two per chain) flanking an internal disulfide bridge (cystine A20-B19); these sites map within the proposed folding nucleus of proinsulin. Hydrogen 11-19 insulin Homo sapiens 246-256 21641324-3 2011 We demonstrate that strong electrostatic repulsion is sufficient to disrupt the hydrogen-bonded, cross-beta network that links insulin molecules and ultimately results in fibril dissociation. Hydrogen 80-88 insulin Homo sapiens 127-134 20960101-14 2010 Insulin analogs Glulisine and Lispro were proved to have equivalent pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters when administered to healthy Chinese adults, but with Glulisine showing greater AUC(0-1h) after injection. Hydrogen 201-203 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 19770501-5 2009 The hydrogen bonds in the insulin molecules, as well as those involving HisB10 and GluB13, are discussed. Hydrogen 4-12 insulin Homo sapiens 26-33 19770501-6 2009 The hydrogen/deuterium (H/D) exchange ratios of the amide H atoms of T(6) porcine insulin in crystals were obtained and showed that regions highly protected from H/D exchange are concentrated in the centre of a helical region of the B chains. Hydrogen 4-12 insulin Homo sapiens 82-89 19328246-0 2009 Inventory of "slow exchanging" hydrogen atoms in human proinsulin and its derivatives: observations on the mass spectrometric analysis of deuterio-proteins in D(2)O. Hydrogen 31-39 insulin Homo sapiens 55-65 19328246-2 2009 Human proinsulin containing an N-terminal methionine, M-proinsulin, was engineered and converted into a perdeuterio derivative, which using an optimized mass spectrometric protocol and manual calculations gave a mass of 9669.6 (+/-1) Da showing the replacement, with deuterium of 146.4 from a total of 149 exchangeable hydrogen atoms (83 from amides and 66 from side-chains). Hydrogen 319-327 insulin Homo sapiens 6-16 19317814-0 2009 Insulin sensitivity increase after calcium supplementation and change in intraplatelet calcium and sodium-hydrogen exchange in hypertensive patients with Type 2 diabetes. Hydrogen 106-114 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 19145608-1 2009 NEW AND IMPROVED INSULIN: 1H[19F] NOE NMR difference spectra for CF(3)-substituted aromatic carboxylates bound at the HisB10 sites of the R(6) human insulin (HI) hexamer show strong NOEs between the CF(3) groups and the LeuB6, AsnB3, and PheB1 sidechains. Hydrogen 26-28 insulin Homo sapiens 17-24 19145608-1 2009 NEW AND IMPROVED INSULIN: 1H[19F] NOE NMR difference spectra for CF(3)-substituted aromatic carboxylates bound at the HisB10 sites of the R(6) human insulin (HI) hexamer show strong NOEs between the CF(3) groups and the LeuB6, AsnB3, and PheB1 sidechains. Hydrogen 26-28 insulin Homo sapiens 149-156 18973876-7 2008 Insulin and IGF-1 increased the expression of genes decreased in schizophrenia, including those involved in mitochondrial functions, glucose and energy metabolism, hydrogen ion transport, and synaptic function. Hydrogen 164-172 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 19202904-6 2009 Thus, intrahepatic and intramyocellular lipids recently have been measured by 1H-MRS method as the useful markers of insulin resistance. Hydrogen 78-80 insulin Homo sapiens 117-124 18295464-8 2008 The peak plasma insulin level (Cmax) of medium crosslinked EE-L2-NPs (258 muIU/ml at 1h) vindicates the pharmacodynamic effect, which was found to be superior compared to all other formulations. Hydrogen 85-87 insulin Homo sapiens 16-23 18768235-7 2008 Fasting, 1h and 3h post-load glucose levels were significantly elevated in patients who required insulin. Hydrogen 9-11 insulin Homo sapiens 97-104 19368019-0 2008 Reversible intramolecular hydrogen transfer between protein cysteine thiyl radicals and alpha C-H bonds in insulin: control of selectivity by secondary structure. Hydrogen 26-34 insulin Homo sapiens 107-114 19368019-2 2008 Here, we show that protein cysteine thiyl radicals (CysS*) can reversibly abstract hydrogen atoms from the alpha C-H bonds of selected amino acids in a protein (insulin). Hydrogen 83-91 insulin Homo sapiens 161-168 18192540-9 2008 The R46Q substitution changes an invariant arginine residue in position B22, which forms a hydrogen bond with the glutamate at A17, stabilizing the insulin molecule. Hydrogen 91-99 insulin Homo sapiens 148-155 15567151-5 2005 Furthermore, based on the structural comparison of IGF-1 and insulin, a new assumption was made that in insulin the several hydrogen bonds formed between the N-terminal region of the B-chain and the intra-A-chain disulfide region of the A-chain are the main reason for the stability of the intra-A-chain disulfide bond and for the prevention of disulfide isomerization, while Phe B1 and His B5 are very important for the formation of these hydrogen bonds. Hydrogen 124-132 insulin Homo sapiens 61-68 19083400-10 2008 In conclusion, these results suggest that supplementation with hydrogen-rich water may have a beneficial role in prevention of T2DM and insulin resistance. Hydrogen 63-71 insulin Homo sapiens 136-143 18159930-2 2008 Insulin loaded nanoparticles were obtained by the formation of hydrogen bonds between poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and poly(acrylic acid)-cysteine (PAA-Cys) or poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), respectively, in the presence of insulin. Hydrogen 63-71 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 16767761-1 2006 1H MR spectroscopy (MRS) has proved to be a valuable noninvasive tool to measure intramyocellular lipids (IMCL) in research focused on insulin resistance and type II diabetes in both humans and rodents. Hydrogen 0-2 insulin Homo sapiens 135-142 16620090-7 2006 Our simulation results strongly support the design of bioactive insulin analogues that involves altering hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions across the beta-sheet dimer interface. Hydrogen 105-113 insulin Homo sapiens 64-71 16520549-4 2006 A C-peptide can be divided into three domains, the N-terminal hydrophobic domain (HPD), middle interface domain (IFD), and C-terminal hydrogen domain (HGD), based on the binding property with an N-peptide. Hydrogen 134-142 insulin Homo sapiens 2-11 16376376-10 2006 Unlike their precursors, the pressure-insensitivity of mature insulin fibrils demonstrates that an extensive hydrogen bonding network and optimized side-chain packing are crucial for their stability. Hydrogen 109-117 insulin Homo sapiens 62-69 17025370-0 2006 1H NMR investigation of thermally triggered insulin release from poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microgels. Hydrogen 0-2 insulin Homo sapiens 44-51 15934890-1 2005 Insulin glulisine (Apidra, Sanofi-Aventis), a new and recently approved rapid-acting insulin analogue, mimics the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of physiological human insulin, but has a rapid onset, peak effect at 1h, and a shorter duration of action (approximately 4 h). Hydrogen 229-231 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 15567151-5 2005 Furthermore, based on the structural comparison of IGF-1 and insulin, a new assumption was made that in insulin the several hydrogen bonds formed between the N-terminal region of the B-chain and the intra-A-chain disulfide region of the A-chain are the main reason for the stability of the intra-A-chain disulfide bond and for the prevention of disulfide isomerization, while Phe B1 and His B5 are very important for the formation of these hydrogen bonds. Hydrogen 440-448 insulin Homo sapiens 61-68 15567151-5 2005 Furthermore, based on the structural comparison of IGF-1 and insulin, a new assumption was made that in insulin the several hydrogen bonds formed between the N-terminal region of the B-chain and the intra-A-chain disulfide region of the A-chain are the main reason for the stability of the intra-A-chain disulfide bond and for the prevention of disulfide isomerization, while Phe B1 and His B5 are very important for the formation of these hydrogen bonds. Hydrogen 440-448 insulin Homo sapiens 104-111 15567151-5 2005 Furthermore, based on the structural comparison of IGF-1 and insulin, a new assumption was made that in insulin the several hydrogen bonds formed between the N-terminal region of the B-chain and the intra-A-chain disulfide region of the A-chain are the main reason for the stability of the intra-A-chain disulfide bond and for the prevention of disulfide isomerization, while Phe B1 and His B5 are very important for the formation of these hydrogen bonds. Hydrogen 124-132 insulin Homo sapiens 104-111 15489127-2 2004 The hydrogel, which was formed by physical cross-linking spontaneously without any chemical reactions and/or any physical stimuli, showed a controllable insulin release through a pH change in the medium by changing the hydrogen bonds. Hydrogen 219-227 insulin Homo sapiens 153-160 11147777-1 2001 Cross-sectional studies in human subjects have used 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HMRS) to demonstrate that insulin resistance correlates more tightly with the intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) concentration than with any other identified risk factor. Hydrogen 52-54 insulin Homo sapiens 114-121 15320967-7 2004 The longer the cells stay in the stationary phase in 1H (insulin) medium, the higher will be the total thyroglobulin production and the initial rate in thyroglobulin production after TSH addition. Hydrogen 53-55 insulin Homo sapiens 57-64 15320967-8 2004 The longer the cells stay in the stationary phase in 1H (insulin) medium, the higher are cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels after thyrotropin (TSH) stimulation. Hydrogen 53-55 insulin Homo sapiens 57-64 14646130-1 2004 The growth of a large single crystal of cubic porcine insulin for characterization of hydrogen and hydration in cubic insulin crystals by neutron diffraction analysis is reported. Hydrogen 86-94 insulin Homo sapiens 54-61 14557006-5 2003 RESULTS: Overall pre-prandial blood glucose values in diabetic women were significantly higher than those of controls; at the 1h post-prandial time point, blood glucose values of GDM women receiving insulin lispro were similar to those of controls, whereas in the regular group they were significantly higher. Hydrogen 126-128 insulin Homo sapiens 199-206 14651962-6 2003 Adiponectin secretion significantly increased 1h following insulin or ET-1 treatment, respectively. Hydrogen 46-48 insulin Homo sapiens 59-66 14557006-9 2003 In women with GDM, the use of insulin lispro enabled the attainment of near-normal glucose levels at the 1h post-prandial time point and was associated with normal anthropometric characteristics; the use of regular insulin was not able to blunt the 1h peak post-prandial response to a near-normal extent and resulted in infants with a tendency toward the disproportionate growth. Hydrogen 105-107 insulin Homo sapiens 30-37 12099307-4 2002 An index of insulin sensitivity derived from the clamp (IS(CLAMP)) was obtained from glucose infusion rates adjusted for change in fat free mass and endogenous glucose production measured using [6,6(-2)H2]-glucose. Hydrogen 202-204 insulin Homo sapiens 12-19 12947682-4 2001 The results suggest that pulsed electric field exposure as heat exposure will after conformation of insulin molecular by breaking some hydrogen bonds and recombining another hydrogen bonds. Hydrogen 135-143 insulin Homo sapiens 100-107 12947682-4 2001 The results suggest that pulsed electric field exposure as heat exposure will after conformation of insulin molecular by breaking some hydrogen bonds and recombining another hydrogen bonds. Hydrogen 174-182 insulin Homo sapiens 100-107 10450163-0 1999 Conformational stability of adsorbed insulin studied with mass spectrometry and hydrogen exchange. Hydrogen 80-88 insulin Homo sapiens 37-44 10920035-6 2000 Hydrogen exchange measurements show that in solution these higher oligomers are in rapid equilibrium with monomeric insulin. Hydrogen 0-8 insulin Homo sapiens 116-123 10497806-2 1999 Kinetic behavior during deprotonation and hydrogen/deuterium exchange reactions indicates that insulin B (ox) ions have two distinct structural types. Hydrogen 42-50 insulin Homo sapiens 95-102 10450163-2 1999 The adsorption-induced conformational changes of insulin are studied using a combination of hydrogen/deuterium (H/D) exchange and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. Hydrogen 92-100 insulin Homo sapiens 49-56 10450163-6 1999 Hydrogen-exchange experiments clearly demonstrate that the strong interaction of insulin with the hydrophobic surface is accompanied by a strong increase in the H/D-exchange rates and thus in a reduction in the insulin native structural stability. Hydrogen 0-8 insulin Homo sapiens 81-88 10450163-6 1999 Hydrogen-exchange experiments clearly demonstrate that the strong interaction of insulin with the hydrophobic surface is accompanied by a strong increase in the H/D-exchange rates and thus in a reduction in the insulin native structural stability. Hydrogen 0-8 insulin Homo sapiens 211-218 8978548-8 1996 Dimer formation of insulin is known to occur through hydrophobic interactions and four hydrogen bonds between the B chains. Hydrogen 87-95 insulin Homo sapiens 19-26 10426379-6 1999 In conclusion, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy revealed intramyocellular abnormalities of lipid metabolism associated with whole body insulin resistance in subjects at high risk of developing diabetes, and might be useful tools for noninvasively monitoring these alterations in diabetes and prediabetic states. Hydrogen 15-17 insulin Homo sapiens 130-137 10506884-0 1999 [In-vivo 1H-MR spectroscopy: the determination of the intra- and extramyocellular lipid content depending on the insulin effect in the direct offspring of type-2 diabetics]. Hydrogen 9-11 insulin Homo sapiens 113-120 10506884-10 1999 CONCLUSIONS: A significantly increased intramyocellular lipid content in insulin resistant offspring of type II diabetic subjects was assessed non-invasively by 1H-MR spectroscopy. Hydrogen 161-163 insulin Homo sapiens 73-80 10419058-6 1999 Selective insulin resistance and hyperinsulinism estimulates the tubular sodium-hydrogen exchanger and facilitates the active reabsorption of urate. Hydrogen 80-88 insulin Homo sapiens 10-17 10354286-0 1999 Insulin-dependent diabetic sibling pairs are concordant for sodium-hydrogen antiport activity. Hydrogen 67-75 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 10354286-1 1999 UNLABELLED: Insulin-dependent diabetic sibling pairs are concordant for sodium-hydrogen antiport activity. Hydrogen 79-87 insulin Homo sapiens 12-19 1377513-8 1992 Based on this model, it is suggested that hydrogen bonding may be key in the interaction between the human insulin A chain loop antigenic epitope and 125. Hydrogen 42-50 insulin Homo sapiens 107-114 8697700-0 1996 Characteristics of the sodium/hydrogen exchange in non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients with microalbuminuria and hypertension. Hydrogen 30-38 insulin Homo sapiens 55-62 7737737-7 1995 In contrast with microalbuminuria, sodium-hydrogen exchange covaried only with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and insulin levels. Hydrogen 42-50 insulin Homo sapiens 120-127 7947711-4 1994 In this paper, one- and two-dimensional (COSY and NOESY) 1H NMR are used to characterize the ligand-induced T to R transitions of wild-type and EB13Q mutant human zinc-insulin hexamers and to make sequence-specific assignments of all resonances in the aromatic region of the R6 complex with resorcinol. Hydrogen 57-59 insulin Homo sapiens 168-175 8025104-1 1994 Site-directed mutagenesis is used in conjunction with 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy in order to find an insulin species amenable for structure determination in aqueous solution by NMR spectroscopy. Hydrogen 54-56 insulin Homo sapiens 151-158 8025104-2 1994 A successful candidate in this respect, i.e., B16 Tyr-->His mutant insulin, is identified and selected for detailed characterization by two-dimensional 1H NMR. Hydrogen 155-157 insulin Homo sapiens 70-77 8136324-3 1993 Maps of the water distribution in the cubic insulin crystal show some well-ordered waters, which are bound to surrounding protein atoms by multiple hydrogen bonds, and an ill-defined solvent structure at a greater distance from the protein surface. Hydrogen 148-156 insulin Homo sapiens 44-51 8485956-3 1993 insulin infusion (244 pmol kg-1h-1) for 180 min in 43 Type 1 diabetic patients and 22 nondiabetic subjects. Hydrogen 30-32 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 1433291-2 1992 The solution structure of the B9(Asp) mutant of human insulin has been determined by two-dimensional 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Hydrogen 101-103 insulin Homo sapiens 54-61 1577733-0 1992 Studies of the association and conformational properties of metal-free insulin in alkaline sodium chloride solutions by one- and two-dimensional 1H NMR. Hydrogen 145-147 insulin Homo sapiens 71-78 1577733-1 1992 One- and two-dimensional 1H NMR spectroscopy have been employed to probe the association and subsequent conformational changes of metal-free insulin in sodium chloride solution at pH 9 and 9.4. Hydrogen 25-27 insulin Homo sapiens 141-148 1617146-7 1992 The structures observed during molecular dynamics support the conclusion of the previous paper that hydrogen bonding will play the dominant role in antibody-insulin recognition. Hydrogen 100-108 insulin Homo sapiens 157-164 8613983-1 1996 1H-NMR studies of the 36 kDa R6 insulin hexamer. Hydrogen 0-2 insulin Homo sapiens 32-39 8613983-2 1996 The structure and dynamics of the R6 human insulin hexamer are investigated by two- and three-dimensional homonuclear 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Hydrogen 118-120 insulin Homo sapiens 43-50 8567184-9 1995 The backbone-modified insulin derivative [SarB26]des-(B27-B30)-insulin-B26-amide (sarcosine = N-methylglycine) exhibits an unexpectedly high receptor affinity of 1100% which demonstrates that the B26-amide hydrogen of the native hormone is not important for receptor binding. Hydrogen 206-214 insulin Homo sapiens 22-29 8567184-9 1995 The backbone-modified insulin derivative [SarB26]des-(B27-B30)-insulin-B26-amide (sarcosine = N-methylglycine) exhibits an unexpectedly high receptor affinity of 1100% which demonstrates that the B26-amide hydrogen of the native hormone is not important for receptor binding. Hydrogen 206-214 insulin Homo sapiens 63-70 8846686-6 1995 The areas under the curve (AUC) of free insulin concentration were smaller for group 2 (p = 0.01) than for group 1 (212.2 +/- 22.0 vs 316.8 +/- 25.3 mU l-1h). Hydrogen 154-156 insulin Homo sapiens 40-47 8086423-0 1994 Amide hydrogen exchange of the central B-chain helix within the T- and R-states of insulin hexamers. Hydrogen 6-14 insulin Homo sapiens 83-90 8086423-1 1994 Comparative analysis of the 1H-NMR spectra of human insulin shows that in the presence of the allosteric ligand, phenol, the tertiary structure of the protein is altered as evidenced by the decreased rate of amide hydrogen-deuterium exchange. Hydrogen 28-30 insulin Homo sapiens 52-59 8086423-1 1994 Comparative analysis of the 1H-NMR spectra of human insulin shows that in the presence of the allosteric ligand, phenol, the tertiary structure of the protein is altered as evidenced by the decreased rate of amide hydrogen-deuterium exchange. Hydrogen 214-222 insulin Homo sapiens 52-59 8136024-5 1993 We further conclude that hydrogen-bonding capacity or special side-chain packing characteristics are required at the B26 position for insulin to display high biological activity. Hydrogen 25-33 insulin Homo sapiens 134-141 8394123-4 1993 The acid stabilization of insulin"s conformation was attributed to the protonation of histidine at position 5 on the B-chain (HB5) as determined by 1H-NMR of the histidines, selective amino acid alteration, and enthalpies of ionization. Hydrogen 148-150 insulin Homo sapiens 26-33 1761045-1 1991 A two-dimensional 1H-NMR study of des-(B26-B30)-insulin in combination with distance geometry and restrained molecular dynamics. Hydrogen 18-20 insulin Homo sapiens 48-55 1284147-2 1992 Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance and its relationship to hypertension; reduced sodium excretion, activation of the sympathetic nervous system, increased activity of the sodium/hydrogen pump, and stimulation of cellular growth. Hydrogen 229-237 insulin Homo sapiens 54-61 1761045-2 1991 The solution conformation of des-(B26-B30)-insulin (DPI) has been investigated by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Hydrogen 82-84 insulin Homo sapiens 43-50 2194578-0 1990 Sequence-specific 1H-NMR assignments for the aromatic region of several biologically active, monomeric insulins including native human insulin. Hydrogen 18-20 insulin Homo sapiens 103-110 2078191-0 1990 2D 1H NMR studies of monomeric insulin. Hydrogen 3-5 insulin Homo sapiens 31-38 2252901-6 1990 In the 1H NMR spectrum of proinsulin significant variation is observed in the line widths of insulin-specific amide resonances, reflecting exchange among conformational substates; similar exchange is observed in insulin and is not damped by the connecting peptide. Hydrogen 7-9 insulin Homo sapiens 26-36 2252901-6 1990 In the 1H NMR spectrum of proinsulin significant variation is observed in the line widths of insulin-specific amide resonances, reflecting exchange among conformational substates; similar exchange is observed in insulin and is not damped by the connecting peptide. Hydrogen 7-9 insulin Homo sapiens 29-36 2252901-6 1990 In the 1H NMR spectrum of proinsulin significant variation is observed in the line widths of insulin-specific amide resonances, reflecting exchange among conformational substates; similar exchange is observed in insulin and is not damped by the connecting peptide. Hydrogen 7-9 insulin Homo sapiens 93-100 2036420-1 1991 The solution structure and dynamics of human insulin are investigated by 2D 1H NMR spectroscopy in reference to a previously analyzed analogue, des-pentapeptide(B26-B30) insulin (DPI; Hua, Q.X., & Weiss, M.A. Hydrogen 76-78 insulin Homo sapiens 45-52 2271664-0 1990 Toward the solution structure of human insulin: sequential 2D 1H NMR assignment of a des-pentapeptide analogue and comparison with crystal structure. Hydrogen 62-64 insulin Homo sapiens 39-46 2252901-7 1990 The aromatic 1H NMR resonances of proinsulin are assigned by analogy to the spectrum of insulin, and assignments are verified by chemical modification. Hydrogen 13-15 insulin Homo sapiens 34-44 2252901-7 1990 The aromatic 1H NMR resonances of proinsulin are assigned by analogy to the spectrum of insulin, and assignments are verified by chemical modification. Hydrogen 13-15 insulin Homo sapiens 37-44 2199196-2 1990 The shortened analogue of insulin, des-(B26-B30)-pentapeptide insulin, has been characterized by two-dimensional 1H NMR. Hydrogen 113-115 insulin Homo sapiens 26-33 2199196-2 1990 The shortened analogue of insulin, des-(B26-B30)-pentapeptide insulin, has been characterized by two-dimensional 1H NMR. Hydrogen 113-115 insulin Homo sapiens 62-69 2194578-1 1990 The aromatic region of the 1H-FT-NMR spectrum of the biologically fully-potent, monomeric human insulin mutant, B9 Ser----Asp, B27 Thr----Glu has been investigated in D2O. Hydrogen 27-29 insulin Homo sapiens 96-103 34746944-10 2021 Moreover, the geranate ions strongly interacted with the water molecules and thereby, eliminating the intermolecular hydrogen bonding (H-bonding) interactions towards the insulin at 0.30-0.50 mole fraction of CAGE ILs. Hydrogen 117-125 insulin Homo sapiens 171-178 2188741-2 1990 After 1h incubation with insulin there was a higher proportion of polysomes in the cytoskeletal fraction with a decrease occurring in the membrane-bound fraction. Hydrogen 6-8 insulin Homo sapiens 25-32 2108140-0 1990 1H NMR spectrum of the native human insulin monomer. Hydrogen 0-2 insulin Homo sapiens 36-43 2108140-2 1990 The effects of high dilution on the 1H Fourier transform NMR spectrum of native human insulin at pH* 8.0 and 9.3 have been examined at 500 MHz resolution. Hydrogen 36-38 insulin Homo sapiens 86-93 2108140-4 1990 Under these conditions of dilution, ionic strength, and pH*, human insulin and the SerB9----Asp mutant exhibit nearly identical 1H NMR spectra. Hydrogen 128-130 insulin Homo sapiens 67-74 2186804-0 1990 Complete sequence-specific 1H NMR assignments for human insulin. Hydrogen 27-29 insulin Homo sapiens 56-63 34750459-5 2021 The interaction of the PBA and diol containing insulin via boronate ester bond and its interchange with glucose was investigated by FT-IR, 1H NMR and XPS. Hydrogen 139-141 insulin Homo sapiens 47-54 35507105-6 2022 We found that glycan-involved hydrogen bonds and glycan-dimer occlusion were useful metrics predicting the proteolytic stability and dimerization propensity of insulin, respectively, as was in part the solvent-accessible surface area of proteolytic sites. Hydrogen 30-38 insulin Homo sapiens 160-167 35059257-0 2022 Electrolyzed hydrogen-rich water for oxidative stress suppression and improvement of insulin resistance: a multicenter prospective double-blind randomized control trial. Hydrogen 13-21 insulin Homo sapiens 85-92