PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 9469584-0 1998 Down-regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis in sitosterolemia: diminished activities of acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase, reductase, squalene synthase, and 7-dehydrocholesterol delta7-reductase in liver and mononuclear leukocytes. Cholesterol 19-30 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 166-183 9469584-3 1998 To investigate the mechanism of down-regulated cholesterol biosynthesis, we assayed several other key enzymes in the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway including acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase, HMG-CoA synthase, squalene synthase, and 7-dehydrocholesterol delta7-reductase activities in liver and freshly isolated mononuclear leukocytes from four sitosterolemic patients and 19 controls. Cholesterol 47-58 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 204-221 9406821-5 1997 By northern blotting, the steady-state mRNA levels for HMG-CoA reductase, HMG-CoA synthase, farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase, and squalene synthase, key enzymes for cholesterol synthesis, all increased significantly after barrier disruption by either acetone or tape stripping. Cholesterol 164-175 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 129-146 8630090-1 1996 Squalene synthase (SQS) catalyses a step following the final branch in the pathway of cholesterol biosynthesis. Cholesterol 86-97 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-17 9092581-1 1997 The expression of human squalene synthase (HSS) gene is transcriptionally regulated in HepG-2 cells, up to 10-fold, by variations in cellular cholesterol homeostasis. Cholesterol 142-153 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 24-41 34939274-2 2022 Squalene synthase (FDFT1) is an upstream enzyme of squalene epoxidase (SQLE) in cholesterol biosynthesis. Cholesterol 80-91 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-17 8619637-10 1996 Thus, like several other genes in the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway, including the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) synthase, HMG CoA reductase, squalene synthase, and farnesyl diphosphate synthase, the expression of the human CYP51 is suppressed by oxysterols. Cholesterol 38-49 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 163-180 8605019-3 1996 A squalene synthase inhibitor, TAN1607A, decreased both free and esterified cholesterol contents in Hep G2 cells and increased mRNA levels for FAS, HMG-CoA reductase, squalene synthase and LDL receptor. Cholesterol 76-87 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 2-19 8561474-4 1995 The zaragozic acids are very potent inhibitors of squalene synthase that inhibit cholesterol synthesis and lower plasma cholesterol levels in primates. Cholesterol 81-92 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 50-67 8561474-4 1995 The zaragozic acids are very potent inhibitors of squalene synthase that inhibit cholesterol synthesis and lower plasma cholesterol levels in primates. Cholesterol 120-131 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 50-67 8561474-7 1995 These potent natural product based inhibitors of squalene synthase have potential to be developed either as cholesterol lowering agents and/or as antifungal agents. Cholesterol 108-119 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 49-66 7853709-4 1994 Cholesterol synthesizing enzymes such as HMG-CoA reductase, farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase and squalene synthase are also regulated by the cellular cholesterol level, but it is suggested that SREBPs are not play critical role in their regulation. Cholesterol 0-11 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 96-113 7853709-4 1994 Cholesterol synthesizing enzymes such as HMG-CoA reductase, farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase and squalene synthase are also regulated by the cellular cholesterol level, but it is suggested that SREBPs are not play critical role in their regulation. Cholesterol 149-160 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 96-113 8020937-1 1994 Recently, we reported the isolation of a cDNA encoding the human enzyme squalene synthase, the first step of sterol biosynthesis uniquely committed to synthesis of cholesterol (6). Cholesterol 164-175 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 72-89 1318747-5 1992 Incubation of Hep G2 cells with U18666A, an inhibitor of the cholesterol synthesis at the site of oxidosqualene cyclase, together with heavy high density lipoprotein, which stimulates the efflux of cholesterol, led to a marked increase in the activity of squalene synthase as well as HMG-CoA reductase, whereas no significant effect on the marker enzymes was observed. Cholesterol 198-209 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 255-272 7721822-1 1995 Squalene synthetase (SQS, EC 2.5.1.21) catalyzes the first committed step in the formation of cholesterol and thus represents an ideal site for selectively inhibiting sterol formation. Cholesterol 94-105 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-19 7721822-1 1995 Squalene synthetase (SQS, EC 2.5.1.21) catalyzes the first committed step in the formation of cholesterol and thus represents an ideal site for selectively inhibiting sterol formation. Cholesterol 94-105 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 21-24 8517861-6 1993 The results are therefore explained as follows: the three drugs act in the same way within the Hep G2 cell in terms of inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase and their subsequent effect on the feedback regulation of the cholesterol synthesis, i.e. increasing squalene synthase and HMG-CoA reductase mRNA. Cholesterol 210-221 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 249-266 8517861-9 1993 On one hand the human hepatoma cell line Hep G2 has proved to be a good model for the study of the feedback regulation of enzymes of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway such as HMG-CoA reductase and squalene synthase, but, on the other hand seems to be less suitable as a model for the study of specific uptake of drugs, e.g. the vastatins, in human hepatocytes. Cholesterol 137-148 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 200-217 34939274-2 2022 Squalene synthase (FDFT1) is an upstream enzyme of squalene epoxidase (SQLE) in cholesterol biosynthesis. Cholesterol 80-91 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 19-24 34726809-10 2021 Osteoblasts reduced cholesterol synthesis in chondrocytes by reducing the expression of a series of synthetases, including Fdft1, Sqle, Lss, Cyp51, Msmo1, Nsdhl, Sc5d, Dhcr24 and Dhcr7. Cholesterol 20-31 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 123-128 34680069-5 2021 According to this perspective, the squalene synthase inhibitor Lapaquistat (TAK-475), originally developed as a cholesterol-lowering drug, might find a new indication in MKD, by modulating the mevalonate cholesterol pathway, increasing the availability of anti-inflammatory isoprenoid intermediates. Cholesterol 112-123 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 35-52 34680069-5 2021 According to this perspective, the squalene synthase inhibitor Lapaquistat (TAK-475), originally developed as a cholesterol-lowering drug, might find a new indication in MKD, by modulating the mevalonate cholesterol pathway, increasing the availability of anti-inflammatory isoprenoid intermediates. Cholesterol 204-215 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 35-52 2538145-3 1989 Blocking the endogenous cholesterol synthesis either at the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase site with compactin or at the 2,3-oxidosqualene cyclase site with the inhibitor U18666A gave rise to an elevation of the squalene synthetase activity. Cholesterol 24-35 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 239-258 34801402-7 2022 Cholesterol synthesis and transport genes (e.g. IDI1, FDFT1, CYP51A1, SRB1 and STARD1) were also significantly decreased (P = 0.026, P = 0.044, P = 0.049, P = 0.004 and P < 0.001, respectively). Cholesterol 0-11 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 54-59 34377370-7 2021 Moreover, we discovered and validated that the resistant cell lines could be selectively targeted by inhibiting squalene synthase, providing a new and promising strategy to directly inhibit cholesterol synthesis in AML drug resistant cells. Cholesterol 190-201 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 112-129 33991130-3 2021 As the first committed step of cholesterol biosynthesis is catalyzed by squalene synthase, we explored whether inhibiting this enzyme protected cells against cholesterol-dependent cytolysins. Cholesterol 31-42 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 72-89 33991130-10 2021 Our findings imply that treatment with bisphosphonates that inhibit squalene synthase might help protect tissues against pathogenic bacteria that secrete cholesterol-dependent cytolysins. Cholesterol 154-165 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 68-85 35552960-1 2022 PURPOSE: In this study, we sought to explore the function of seven important enzymes (MSMO1, EBP, HMGCS1, IDI2, DHCR7, FDFT1, and SQLE) involved in cholesterol biosynthesis especially SQLE in PDAC therapy. Cholesterol 148-159 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 119-124 34440098-4 2021 This work is aimed at systematization and bioinformatic analysis of the available interactomics data on seventeen enzymes in the cholesterol pathway, encoded by HMGCR, MVK, PMVK, MVD, FDPS, FDFT1, SQLE, LSS, DHCR24, CYP51A1, TM7SF2, MSMO1, NSDHL, HSD17B7, EBP, SC5D, DHCR7 genes. Cholesterol 129-140 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 190-195 34444698-5 2021 Consistent with the transcriptomic finding of down-regulated cholesterol metabolism, we demonstrated that both cholesterol contents and cholesterol biosynthesis/transformation gene expressions in the mycotoxin-exposed livers were reduced, including HMGCS1, FDPS, SQLE, EBP, FDFT1 and VLDLR. Cholesterol 61-72 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 274-279 35093030-7 2022 Farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 (FDFT1), one of the main regulatory components in cholesterol biosynthesis, may play a role in determining sensitivity towards chemotherapy compounds in bladder cancer. Cholesterol 93-104 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-42 35093030-7 2022 Farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 (FDFT1), one of the main regulatory components in cholesterol biosynthesis, may play a role in determining sensitivity towards chemotherapy compounds in bladder cancer. Cholesterol 93-104 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 44-49 32602556-9 2021 Surprisingly, wmASTR knockdown of Fdft1 encoding for squalene synthase (SQS), an enzyme essential for the first committed step in cholesterol biosynthesis, enhanced in vitro myelination. Cholesterol 130-141 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 34-39 228272-2 1979 When cholesterol-carrying low density lipoprotein (LDL) was removed from the serum of the culture medium, squalene synthetase activity increased 8-fold over 24 hr. Cholesterol 5-16 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 106-125 228272-5 1979 The addition of a mixture of 25-hydroxycholesterol and cholesterol suppressed squalene synthetase equally well in normal and mutant fibroblasts. Cholesterol 39-50 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 78-97 32602556-9 2021 Surprisingly, wmASTR knockdown of Fdft1 encoding for squalene synthase (SQS), an enzyme essential for the first committed step in cholesterol biosynthesis, enhanced in vitro myelination. Cholesterol 130-141 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 53-70 32602556-9 2021 Surprisingly, wmASTR knockdown of Fdft1 encoding for squalene synthase (SQS), an enzyme essential for the first committed step in cholesterol biosynthesis, enhanced in vitro myelination. Cholesterol 130-141 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 72-75 29355536-5 2018 Sensitivity and mathematical analysis demonstrate the importance of the two rate limiting enzymes 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase and squalene synthase in controlling the concentration of substrates within the pathway as well as that of cholesterol. Cholesterol 246-257 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 143-160 32827918-4 2020 Squalene synthase (SQS), encoded by FDFT1, is a key regulator in cholesterol synthesis and thus a potential target for the treatment of NAFLD. Cholesterol 65-76 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-17 32827918-4 2020 Squalene synthase (SQS), encoded by FDFT1, is a key regulator in cholesterol synthesis and thus a potential target for the treatment of NAFLD. Cholesterol 65-76 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 19-22 32827918-4 2020 Squalene synthase (SQS), encoded by FDFT1, is a key regulator in cholesterol synthesis and thus a potential target for the treatment of NAFLD. Cholesterol 65-76 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 36-41 32557793-1 2020 Squalene synthase (SQS) inhibitors, mostly known as antihyperlipidemic agents for controlling blood cholesterol levels, have been increasingly used to study alterations of the cholesterol content in cell membranes. Cholesterol 100-111 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-17 32557793-1 2020 Squalene synthase (SQS) inhibitors, mostly known as antihyperlipidemic agents for controlling blood cholesterol levels, have been increasingly used to study alterations of the cholesterol content in cell membranes. Cholesterol 100-111 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 19-22 32557793-1 2020 Squalene synthase (SQS) inhibitors, mostly known as antihyperlipidemic agents for controlling blood cholesterol levels, have been increasingly used to study alterations of the cholesterol content in cell membranes. Cholesterol 176-187 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-17 32557793-1 2020 Squalene synthase (SQS) inhibitors, mostly known as antihyperlipidemic agents for controlling blood cholesterol levels, have been increasingly used to study alterations of the cholesterol content in cell membranes. Cholesterol 176-187 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 19-22 32699268-5 2020 We show that the FDFT1 transcript in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway is susceptible to air pollution-induced oxidation. Cholesterol 41-52 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 17-22 32626771-13 2020 The functional annotations were mainly related to lipid metabolism process and farnesyl diphosphate farnesyl transferase 1 (FDFT1) was identified to be the key gene in the difference of response to cholesterol between aged and young macrophages. Cholesterol 198-209 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 79-122 32626771-13 2020 The functional annotations were mainly related to lipid metabolism process and farnesyl diphosphate farnesyl transferase 1 (FDFT1) was identified to be the key gene in the difference of response to cholesterol between aged and young macrophages. Cholesterol 198-209 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 124-129 29909962-0 2018 Squalene Synthase Deficiency: Clinical, Biochemical, and Molecular Characterization of a Defect in Cholesterol Biosynthesis. Cholesterol 99-110 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-17 29909962-2 2018 FDFT1 encodes for an evolutionarily conserved enzyme, squalene synthase (SS, farnesyl-pyrophosphate farnesyl-transferase 1), which catalyzes the first committed step in cholesterol biosynthesis. Cholesterol 169-180 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-5 29909962-2 2018 FDFT1 encodes for an evolutionarily conserved enzyme, squalene synthase (SS, farnesyl-pyrophosphate farnesyl-transferase 1), which catalyzes the first committed step in cholesterol biosynthesis. Cholesterol 169-180 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 54-71 29710800-1 2018 Squalene synthase (SQS), a key downstream enzyme involved in the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway, plays an important role in treating hyperlipidemia. Cholesterol 65-76 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-17 32827918-6 2020 Over-expression of FDFT1 abolished bavachinin (BVC) -induced inhibition of cholesterol synthesis. Cholesterol 75-86 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 19-24 32557793-0 2020 New applications of squalene synthase inhibitors: Membrane cholesterol as a therapeutic target. Cholesterol 59-70 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 20-37 32862200-2 2020 Squalene synthase (SQS) is a cholesterol biosynthase that functions in cholesterol biosynthesis, modulates the formation of lipids rafts and promotes lung cancer metastasis. Cholesterol 29-40 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-17 32862200-2 2020 Squalene synthase (SQS) is a cholesterol biosynthase that functions in cholesterol biosynthesis, modulates the formation of lipids rafts and promotes lung cancer metastasis. Cholesterol 29-40 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 19-22 32862200-2 2020 Squalene synthase (SQS) is a cholesterol biosynthase that functions in cholesterol biosynthesis, modulates the formation of lipids rafts and promotes lung cancer metastasis. Cholesterol 71-82 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-17 32862200-2 2020 Squalene synthase (SQS) is a cholesterol biosynthase that functions in cholesterol biosynthesis, modulates the formation of lipids rafts and promotes lung cancer metastasis. Cholesterol 71-82 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 19-22 32862200-9 2020 Based on our findings, SQS expression increases the expression of OPN and phosphorylation of Src through cholesterol synthesis to modulate the formation of lipid rafts. Cholesterol 105-116 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 23-26 32845096-8 2020 In addition, we observed the influence of the VOC-ozone mixtures on metabolic cholesterol synthesis, likely implicated as a result of the incidence of mRNA oxidation and the deregulation of protein levels of squalene synthase (farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 [FDFT1]), a key enzyme in endogenous cholesterol biosynthesis. Cholesterol 78-89 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 208-225 32845096-8 2020 In addition, we observed the influence of the VOC-ozone mixtures on metabolic cholesterol synthesis, likely implicated as a result of the incidence of mRNA oxidation and the deregulation of protein levels of squalene synthase (farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 [FDFT1]), a key enzyme in endogenous cholesterol biosynthesis. Cholesterol 78-89 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 227-269 32845096-8 2020 In addition, we observed the influence of the VOC-ozone mixtures on metabolic cholesterol synthesis, likely implicated as a result of the incidence of mRNA oxidation and the deregulation of protein levels of squalene synthase (farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 [FDFT1]), a key enzyme in endogenous cholesterol biosynthesis. Cholesterol 78-89 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 271-276 32845096-8 2020 In addition, we observed the influence of the VOC-ozone mixtures on metabolic cholesterol synthesis, likely implicated as a result of the incidence of mRNA oxidation and the deregulation of protein levels of squalene synthase (farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 [FDFT1]), a key enzyme in endogenous cholesterol biosynthesis. Cholesterol 307-318 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 208-225 32845096-8 2020 In addition, we observed the influence of the VOC-ozone mixtures on metabolic cholesterol synthesis, likely implicated as a result of the incidence of mRNA oxidation and the deregulation of protein levels of squalene synthase (farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 [FDFT1]), a key enzyme in endogenous cholesterol biosynthesis. Cholesterol 307-318 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 227-269 32626771-15 2020 Moreover, miR-714-FDFT1 may modulate cholesterol homeostasis in aged macrophages and have the potential to be a novel therapeutic target for AMD. Cholesterol 37-48 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 18-23 30578317-5 2019 Insertion of the weakly hydrophobic tail-anchor (TA) of SQS into the ER membrane by the EMC ensures sufficient flux through the sterol biosynthetic pathway while biogenesis of polytopic SOAT1 promoted by the EMC provides cells with the ability to store free cholesterol as inert cholesteryl esters. Cholesterol 258-269 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 56-59 30774923-1 2019 The squalestatins are a class of highly complex fungal metabolites which are potent inhibitors of squalene synthase with potential use in the control of cholesterol biosynthesis. Cholesterol 153-164 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 98-115 29732977-1 2018 INTRODUCTION: In the present research work, a pharmacophore based virtual screening was performed using Discovery Studio 2.1 for the discovery of some novel molecules as inhibitors of Squalene Synthase Enzyme, a key enzyme in cholesterol biosynthetic pathway. Cholesterol 226-237 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 184-201 29159775-11 2018 Moreover, farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase (FDFT1) levels, a protein associated with cholesterol synthesis, were reduced in all lineages by PHY and in U87MG and A172 cells by RET. Cholesterol 93-104 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 52-57 26922723-2 2016 Squalene synthase, the rate-limiting enzyme located at the downstream of cholesterol synthesis pathway, has become a better candidate to develop next-generation hypocholesterolemia drugs. Cholesterol 73-84 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-17 22398368-5 2012 In particular, we found that drug treatment led to substantially reduced expression of farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FDPS) and farnesyl diphosphate farnesyltransferase (FDFT1), two important enzymes involved in de novo cholesterol synthesis. Cholesterol 220-231 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 170-175 24582769-7 2014 Inhibition of squalene synthase, the enzyme committed to cholesterol biosynthesis, also decreased CXCR7 induction, albeit not as efficacious as atorvastatin. Cholesterol 57-68 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 14-31 22579571-3 2012 A major and unexpected finding was the down-regulation of genes involved in the biosynthesis of cholesterol and other steroids and lipids (such as Fdft1, Fdps, Idi1, Ldr, Mvd, Mvk, Nsdhl, Sc4mol), the expression of which was verified by quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qPCR). Cholesterol 96-107 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 147-152 25152164-12 2014 Mechanistically, SQS contributed to a lipid-raft-localized enrichment of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 in a cholesterol-dependent manner, which resulted in the enhancement of nuclear factor-kappaB activation leading to matrix metallopeptidase 1 up-regulation. Cholesterol 111-122 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 17-20 21903868-2 2011 Squalene synthase (SQS) utilizes FPP in the first committed step from the mevalonate pathway toward cholesterol biosynthesis. Cholesterol 100-111 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-17 22234961-5 2012 Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction performed on both mouse liver and primary human hepatocyte RNA demonstrated a coordinated repression of genes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis, namely, HMGCR, FDFT1, SQLE, and LSS after receptor activation. Cholesterol 183-194 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 224-229 21903868-2 2011 Squalene synthase (SQS) utilizes FPP in the first committed step from the mevalonate pathway toward cholesterol biosynthesis. Cholesterol 100-111 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 19-22 21903868-9 2011 The combination of an SQS inhibitor with an HMGCR or FDPS inhibitor provides a rational approach for reducing cholesterol synthesis while preventing nonsterol isoprenoid depletion. Cholesterol 110-121 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 22-25 21122677-5 2010 Squalene synthase inhibitors partially block a late step in cholesterol biosynthesis. Cholesterol 60-71 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-17 21105984-8 2011 Pharmacological blockade of host squalene synthase or downregulation of the expression of this enzyme by 80% decreases by twofold the cholesterol content of merozoites without further impacting parasite development. Cholesterol 134-145 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 33-50 20645653-5 2010 The present study attempts to focus on squalene synthase inhibitors, lapaquistat acetate and squalestatins reported as cholesterol lowering agents in vitro and in vivo but not studied in context to dehydrosqualene synthase of S. aureus. Cholesterol 119-130 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 39-56 20560544-14 2010 The structure of CrtM is similar to that of human squalene synthase (SQS), and some SQS inhibitors (originally developed as cholesterol-lowering drugs) block staphyloxanthin biosynthesis. Cholesterol 124-135 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 50-67 20645653-3 2010 Dehydrosqualene synthase (CrtM) is having structural similarity with the human squalene synthase enzyme which is involved in the cholesterol synthesis pathway in humans (Liu et al., 2008). Cholesterol 129-140 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 7-24 20053345-7 2010 In neuroblastoma cells, 24S-hydroxycholesterol decreased mRNA levels of the cholesterol synthesis genes HMG CoA reductase, squalene synthase, and FPP synthase but did not alter levels of the mRNA of fatty acid synthesis genes acetyl CoA carboxylase or fatty acid synthase. Cholesterol 35-46 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 123-140 18676367-4 2008 Here, we show that the nuclear hormone receptor for oxysterols, the liver X receptor alpha (LXRalpha), regulates cholesterol biosynthesis by directly silencing the expression of two key cholesterologenic enzymes (lanosterol 14alpha-demethylase (CYP51A1), and squalene synthase (farnesyl diphosphate farnesyl transferase 1)) via novel negative LXR DNA response elements (nLXREs) located in each of these genes. Cholesterol 113-124 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 259-276 19885625-6 2009 Up-regulation of cholesterol synthesis-associated genes, including HMG-CoA reductase, HMG-CoA synthase, farnesyl-diphosphate synthase and squalene synthase, confirmed enhanced de novo cholesterol synthesis. Cholesterol 17-28 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 138-155 19885625-6 2009 Up-regulation of cholesterol synthesis-associated genes, including HMG-CoA reductase, HMG-CoA synthase, farnesyl-diphosphate synthase and squalene synthase, confirmed enhanced de novo cholesterol synthesis. Cholesterol 184-195 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 138-155 20413873-0 2010 Statins and the squalene synthase inhibitor zaragozic acid stimulate the non-amyloidogenic pathway of amyloid-beta protein precursor processing by suppression of cholesterol synthesis. Cholesterol 162-173 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 16-33 20413873-4 2010 We demonstrate that zaragozic acid, a potent inhibitor of squalene synthase which blocks cholesterol synthesis but allows synthesis of isoprenoids, also stimulates alpha-secretase activity. Cholesterol 89-100 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 58-75 19367148-0 2009 Pharmacologic inhibition of squalene synthase and other downstream enzymes of the cholesterol synthesis pathway: a new therapeutic approach to treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Cholesterol 82-93 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 28-45 19367148-4 2009 Squalene synthase is another enzyme that is downstream to HMG-CoA reductase in the cholesterol synthesis pathway and modulates the first committed step of hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis at the final branch point of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway. Cholesterol 83-94 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-17 19367148-4 2009 Squalene synthase is another enzyme that is downstream to HMG-CoA reductase in the cholesterol synthesis pathway and modulates the first committed step of hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis at the final branch point of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway. Cholesterol 163-174 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-17 19367148-4 2009 Squalene synthase is another enzyme that is downstream to HMG-CoA reductase in the cholesterol synthesis pathway and modulates the first committed step of hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis at the final branch point of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway. Cholesterol 163-174 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-17 19054015-0 2009 Squalene synthase: a critical enzyme in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. Cholesterol 44-55 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-17 19054015-4 2009 As an alternative to statins, the development of cholesterol-lowering agents that directly inhibit squalene synthase have shown promise. Cholesterol 49-60 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 99-116 19054015-5 2009 Clinical studies have shown that squalene synthase inhibitors are effective in lowering plasma levels of total cholesterol and LDL-C. Squalene synthase plays an important role in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway as it is responsible for the flow of metabolites into either the sterol or the non-sterol branches of the pathway. Cholesterol 111-122 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 33-50 19054015-5 2009 Clinical studies have shown that squalene synthase inhibitors are effective in lowering plasma levels of total cholesterol and LDL-C. Squalene synthase plays an important role in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway as it is responsible for the flow of metabolites into either the sterol or the non-sterol branches of the pathway. Cholesterol 111-122 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 134-151 19054015-5 2009 Clinical studies have shown that squalene synthase inhibitors are effective in lowering plasma levels of total cholesterol and LDL-C. Squalene synthase plays an important role in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway as it is responsible for the flow of metabolites into either the sterol or the non-sterol branches of the pathway. Cholesterol 183-194 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 33-50 19054015-5 2009 Clinical studies have shown that squalene synthase inhibitors are effective in lowering plasma levels of total cholesterol and LDL-C. Squalene synthase plays an important role in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway as it is responsible for the flow of metabolites into either the sterol or the non-sterol branches of the pathway. Cholesterol 183-194 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 134-151 19054015-6 2009 In addition, variants of the squalene synthase gene appear to modulate plasma cholesterol levels in human populations and therefore may be linked to cardiovascular disease. Cholesterol 78-89 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 29-46 19054015-8 2009 In particular, we investigate their role in the regulation of cellular and plasma cholesterol levels, including data that suggest that squalene synthase may be involved in the etiology of hypercholesterolemia. Cholesterol 82-93 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 135-152 18676367-4 2008 Here, we show that the nuclear hormone receptor for oxysterols, the liver X receptor alpha (LXRalpha), regulates cholesterol biosynthesis by directly silencing the expression of two key cholesterologenic enzymes (lanosterol 14alpha-demethylase (CYP51A1), and squalene synthase (farnesyl diphosphate farnesyl transferase 1)) via novel negative LXR DNA response elements (nLXREs) located in each of these genes. Cholesterol 113-124 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 278-321 17583757-4 2007 The neuroprotective effects of simvastatin were shared by squalestatin, a squalene synthase inhibitor that reduces neuronal cholesterol production and crucially, does not affect isoprenoid formation. Cholesterol 124-135 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 74-91 18593925-3 2008 HCC sensitivity to chemotherapy acting via mitochondria is enhanced upon cholesterol depletion by inhibition of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase or squalene synthase (SS), which catalyzes the first committed step in cholesterol biosynthesis. Cholesterol 73-84 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 151-168 18593925-3 2008 HCC sensitivity to chemotherapy acting via mitochondria is enhanced upon cholesterol depletion by inhibition of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase or squalene synthase (SS), which catalyzes the first committed step in cholesterol biosynthesis. Cholesterol 219-230 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 151-168 18350552-0 2008 K45R variant of squalene synthase increases total cholesterol levels in two study samples from a French Canadian population. Cholesterol 50-61 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 16-33 18350552-1 2008 Squalene synthase is an important component of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway, and inhibitors of this enzyme have been shown to lower plasma cholesterol levels. Cholesterol 51-62 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-17 18350552-1 2008 Squalene synthase is an important component of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway, and inhibitors of this enzyme have been shown to lower plasma cholesterol levels. Cholesterol 147-158 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-17 18350552-8 2008 These results suggest that this coding variant in the squalene synthase gene influences plasma cholesterol levels, possibly by affecting the intracellular production of cholesterol. Cholesterol 95-106 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 54-71 18350552-8 2008 These results suggest that this coding variant in the squalene synthase gene influences plasma cholesterol levels, possibly by affecting the intracellular production of cholesterol. Cholesterol 169-180 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 54-71 17993811-5 2007 Increases in LDL receptor-mediated cholesterol clearance occur when hepatic cholesterol stores are reduced secondary to inhibition of squalene synthase or LDL receptor degradation is disrupted by reduced activity of proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9. Cholesterol 35-46 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 134-151 17483544-0 2007 Squalene synthase, a determinant of Raft-associated cholesterol and modulator of cancer cell proliferation. Cholesterol 52-63 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-17 17483544-5 2007 Here we demonstrate that in prostate cancer cells SQS expression is enhanced by androgens, channeling intermediates of the mevalonate/isoprenoid pathway toward cholesterol synthesis. Cholesterol 160-171 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 50-53 17483544-7 2007 Conversely, RNA interference-mediated SQS inhibition results in a decrease of raft-associated cholesterol. Cholesterol 94-105 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 38-41 17483544-8 2007 These data show that SQS activity and de novo cholesterol synthesis are determinants of membrane microdomain-associated cholesterol in cancer cells. Cholesterol 120-131 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 21-24 17209661-0 2007 Squalene synthase inhibitors : clinical pharmacology and cholesterol-lowering potential. Cholesterol 57-68 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-17 17209661-5 2007 Two classes of drugs have been developed: (i) squalene synthase inhibitors, which act at the first committed step in cholesterol biosynthesis, distal to the mevalonate-farnesyl diphosphate pathway; and (ii) oxidosqualene cyclase inhibitors, which act distal to the squalene intermediate. Cholesterol 117-128 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 46-63 17209661-7 2007 Squalene synthase inhibitors decrease circulating LDL-cholesterol by the induction of hepatic LDL receptors in a similar manner to statins. Cholesterol 54-65 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-17 17209661-9 2007 Squalene synthase inhibitors are just now entering clinical trials and data on how effectively they lower LDL-cholesterol and how they compliment the actions of statins and other agents is awaited with considerable interest. Cholesterol 110-121 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-17 15857307-8 2005 Other therapeutic strategies examined in experimental animals are the inhibition of squalene synthase, the first enzyme of the mevalonate pathway, which is specifically committed to cholesterol biosynthesis, and the direct up-regulation of LDL receptor activity. Cholesterol 182-193 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 84-101 16198340-2 2005 Squalene synthase catalyzes the first committed step in the sterol biosynthesis and has been studied as a possible target for the treatment of high cholesterol levels in humans. Cholesterol 148-159 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-17 14735215-6 2003 Since mammalian squalene synthase was used, these inhibitors have significant potential as therapeutic agents for hyperlipemia and suppression of cholesterol biosynthesis. Cholesterol 146-157 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 16-33 15215084-3 2004 E5700 and ER-119884 are quinuclidine-based inhibitors of mammalian SQS that are currently in development as cholesterol- and triglyceride-lowering agents in humans. Cholesterol 108-119 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 67-70 11008488-3 2001 The importance of SQS in cholesterol metabolism has stimulated research on the mechanism, structure, and regulation of the enzyme. Cholesterol 25-36 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 18-21 12238936-0 2002 Synthesis of novel 4,1-benzoxazepine derivatives as squalene synthase inhibitors and their inhibition of cholesterol synthesis. Cholesterol 105-116 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 52-69 12163393-10 2002 Conversely, squalene synthase (terminal cholesterol synthesis) blockade sensitized HK-2 cells to both Fe and ATP depletion attack. Cholesterol 40-51 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 12-29 12057653-3 2002 Specific inhibitors of squalene synthase would inhibit cholesterol formation and allow production of other important compounds derived from the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway, namely the ubiquinones (co-enzyme Q(10)), dolichol, and would also allow the isoprenylation process of ras by farnesyl-protein transferase. Cholesterol 55-66 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 23-40 12057653-3 2002 Specific inhibitors of squalene synthase would inhibit cholesterol formation and allow production of other important compounds derived from the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway, namely the ubiquinones (co-enzyme Q(10)), dolichol, and would also allow the isoprenylation process of ras by farnesyl-protein transferase. Cholesterol 144-155 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 23-40 11008488-7 2001 SQS activity, protein level, and gene transcription are strictly and coordinately regulated by cholesterol status, decreasing with cholesterol surfeit and increasing with cholesterol deficit. Cholesterol 95-106 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-3 11008488-7 2001 SQS activity, protein level, and gene transcription are strictly and coordinately regulated by cholesterol status, decreasing with cholesterol surfeit and increasing with cholesterol deficit. Cholesterol 131-142 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-3 10082320-5 1999 In addition, the activities of hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis enzymes HMG-CoA reductase, mevalonate kinase (MK), isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase (IPPI), farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS), squalene synthase and squalene epoxidase were measured in monkeys fed a diet supplemented with YM-16638. Cholesterol 39-50 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 199-216 11111077-7 2000 SQS activity, protein, and mRNA levels are regulated by cholesterol status and by the cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-1beta. Cholesterol 56-67 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-3 11111077-8 2000 Activation of the SQS promoter in response to cholesterol deficit is mediated by sterol regulatory element binding proteins SREBP-1a and SREBP-2. Cholesterol 46-57 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 18-21 10896663-2 2000 Squalene synthase catalyzes the biosynthesis of squalene, a key cholesterol precursor, through a reductive dimerization of two farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) molecules. Cholesterol 64-75 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-17 10896663-4 2000 Because FPP is located at the final branch point in the isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway, its conversion to squalene through the action of squalene synthase represents the first committed step in the formation of cholesterol, making it an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. Cholesterol 212-223 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 138-155 9575211-1 1998 Transcription of the human squalene synthase (HSS) gene is regulated by variations in the level of cellular cholesterol. Cholesterol 108-119 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 27-44 9514656-1 1998 The mechanism by which depletion of hepatic cholesterol levels, achieved by inhibition of squalene synthase, alters hepatic LDL receptor, HMG-CoA reductase, and cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase gene expression was investigated by measuring transcription rates, mRNA stability, rates of translation, translational efficiency, and levels of sterol response element binding proteins. Cholesterol 44-55 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 90-107 9473303-1 1998 Squalene synthase catalyzes the first committed step in cholesterol biosynthesis and thus is important as a potential target for therapeutic intervention. Cholesterol 56-67 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-17