PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 33578127-2 2021 The main XOR activities are: (i) xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) activity that performs the last two steps of purine catabolism, from hypoxanthine to uric acid; (ii) xanthine oxidase (XO) activity that, besides purine catabolism, produces reactive oxygen species (ROS); (iii) nitrite reductase activity that generates nitric oxide, contributing to vasodilation and regulation of blood pressure; (iv) NADH oxidase activity that produces ROS. Nitrites 273-280 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 9-12 33578127-2 2021 The main XOR activities are: (i) xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) activity that performs the last two steps of purine catabolism, from hypoxanthine to uric acid; (ii) xanthine oxidase (XO) activity that, besides purine catabolism, produces reactive oxygen species (ROS); (iii) nitrite reductase activity that generates nitric oxide, contributing to vasodilation and regulation of blood pressure; (iv) NADH oxidase activity that produces ROS. Nitrites 273-280 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 33-55 33578127-2 2021 The main XOR activities are: (i) xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) activity that performs the last two steps of purine catabolism, from hypoxanthine to uric acid; (ii) xanthine oxidase (XO) activity that, besides purine catabolism, produces reactive oxygen species (ROS); (iii) nitrite reductase activity that generates nitric oxide, contributing to vasodilation and regulation of blood pressure; (iv) NADH oxidase activity that produces ROS. Nitrites 273-280 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 57-60 26321266-3 2015 Despite this long standing association between increased vascular XOR activity and negative clinical outcomes, recent reports reveal a new paradigm whereby the enzymatic activity of XOR mediates beneficial outcomes by catalyzing the one electron reduction of nitrite (NO2(-)) to nitric oxide (NO) when NO2(-) and/or nitrate (NO3(-)) levels are enhanced either via dietary or pharmacologic means. Nitrites 259-266 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 66-69 32759980-6 2020 Western blotting showed expression of sialin, a known nitrate transporter, in the lacrimal glands and other eye components, and also xanthine oxidoreductase, a nitrate and nitrite reductase, in cornea and sclera. Nitrites 172-179 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 133-156 31350908-7 2019 This muscle nitrate reservoir has been found to be an important source of nitrite and nitric oxide (NO) via its reduction by tissue xanthine oxidoreductase. Nitrites 74-81 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 132-155 30559212-7 2019 Mechanistically, the salutary metabolic effects of nitrate and nitrite can be ascribed to nitrite-derived formation of NO species and activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase, where xanthine oxidoreductase is proposed to mediate the reduction of nitrite. Nitrites 63-70 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 180-203 30196191-0 2018 Putting xanthine oxidoreductase and aldehyde oxidase on the NO metabolism map: Nitrite reduction by molybdoenzymes. Nitrites 79-86 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 8-31 27078869-15 2016 Our results show that XOR is important to the cardiovascular responses to nitrite in 2K1C hypertension, and XOR inhibitors commonly used by patients may cancel this effect. Nitrites 74-81 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 22-25 27129464-3 2016 Hemoglobin, xanthine oxidoreductase and carbonic anhydrase (CA) have been reported to reduce/convert nitrite to NO. Nitrites 101-108 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 12-35 26976364-4 2016 Hemoglobin, xanthine oxidoreductase and carbonic anhydrase (CA) have been reported to convert nitrite to NO. Nitrites 94-101 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 12-35 27458036-6 2016 XOR has an activating role that is essential to the pharmacological action of quinone drugs, cyadox, antiviral nucleoside analogues, allopurinol, nitrate and nitrite. Nitrites 158-165 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 0-3 26321266-3 2015 Despite this long standing association between increased vascular XOR activity and negative clinical outcomes, recent reports reveal a new paradigm whereby the enzymatic activity of XOR mediates beneficial outcomes by catalyzing the one electron reduction of nitrite (NO2(-)) to nitric oxide (NO) when NO2(-) and/or nitrate (NO3(-)) levels are enhanced either via dietary or pharmacologic means. Nitrites 259-266 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 182-185 25841777-10 2015 However, inhibition of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR; febuxostat or allopurinol) abolished the sensitized response to nitrite during hypoxia and acidosis. Nitrites 117-124 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 23-46 25841777-10 2015 However, inhibition of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR; febuxostat or allopurinol) abolished the sensitized response to nitrite during hypoxia and acidosis. Nitrites 117-124 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 48-51 26451288-3 2015 Recently, we employed a combined histological, metabolomics, and transcriptional and protein analysis approach to establish that nitrate promoted the "browning" of white adipose tissue via the xanthine oxidoreductase catalyzed reductive nitrate-nitrite-nitric oxide pathway. Nitrites 245-252 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 193-216 21177703-8 2011 Multiple nitrite reductases have been shown to be relevant in the conversion of nitrite to metabolically active NO, including deoxy-haemoglobin and myoglobin in the circulation and heart, respectively, and xanthine oxidoreductase in the lung parenchyma. Nitrites 9-16 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 206-229 24406683-2 2014 For example, capacity to catalyze the one electron reduction of nitrite (NO2-) to NO has been reported for hemoglobin, myoglobin and molybdopterin-containing enzymes including xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) and aldehyde oxidase (AO). Nitrites 64-71 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 177-200 24406683-2 2014 For example, capacity to catalyze the one electron reduction of nitrite (NO2-) to NO has been reported for hemoglobin, myoglobin and molybdopterin-containing enzymes including xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) and aldehyde oxidase (AO). Nitrites 64-71 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 202-205 23454592-0 2013 Xanthine oxidoreductase-catalyzed reduction of nitrite to nitric oxide: insights regarding where, when and how. Nitrites 47-54 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 0-23 23454592-5 2013 As such, information herein serves to link recent reports in which XOR activity has been identified as mediating the beneficial outcomes resulting from nitrite supplementation to a microenvironmental setting where XOR can serve as substantial source of NO. Nitrites 152-159 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 67-70 23589565-9 2013 Our observations demonstrate the improved efficacy of inorganic nitrate and nitrite in hypertension as a consequence of increased erythrocytic XOR nitrite reductase activity and support the concept of dietary nitrate supplementation as an effective, but simple and inexpensive, antihypertensive strategy. Nitrites 76-83 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 143-146 22425780-3 2012 Nitrite signaling has been described as NO dependent activation mediated by reactions with deoxygenated redox active hemoproteins, such as hemoglobin, myoglobin, neuroglobin, xanthine oxidoreductase (XO) and NO synthase at low pH and oxygen tension. Nitrites 0-7 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 175-198 20377513-4 2010 In mammalian blood, nitrite, present at nanomolar concentrations, can be reduced to bioactive NO along a physiological oxygen and pH gradient either non-enzymatically (acidic disproportionation) or by a number of enzymes including xanthine oxidoreductase, NOS, mitochondrial cytochromes and deoxygenated haemoglobin and myoglobin. Nitrites 20-27 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 231-254 18516050-3 2008 Here we report on nitrate reductase activity in rodent and human tissues that results in formation of nitrite and nitric oxide (NO) and is attenuated by the xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor allopurinol. Nitrites 102-109 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 157-180 18818408-3 2008 Herein, we have demonstrated that conversion of nitrite to NO by blood vessels and RBCs was enhanced in the presence of the XOR substrate xanthine (10 micromol/L) and attenuated by the XOR inhibitor allopurinol (100 micromol/L) in acidic and hypoxic conditions only. Nitrites 48-55 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 124-127 18818408-3 2008 Herein, we have demonstrated that conversion of nitrite to NO by blood vessels and RBCs was enhanced in the presence of the XOR substrate xanthine (10 micromol/L) and attenuated by the XOR inhibitor allopurinol (100 micromol/L) in acidic and hypoxic conditions only. Nitrites 48-55 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 185-188 18818408-6 2008 Thus, XOR and eNOS are ideally situated on the membranes of RBCs and blood vessels to generate intravascular vasodilator NO from nitrite during ischemic episodes. Nitrites 129-136 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 6-9 12549937-10 2003 Thus, XOR catalyzed nitrate reduction to nitrite and NO occurs and can be an important source of NO production in ischemic tissues. Nitrites 41-48 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 6-9 10713088-0 2000 Reduction of nitrite to nitric oxide catalyzed by xanthine oxidoreductase. Nitrites 13-20 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 50-73 12208366-6 2002 Of special interest has been the finding that XOR can catalyze the reduction of nitrates and nitrites to nitric oxide (NO), acting as a source of both NO and peroxynitrite. Nitrites 93-101 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 46-49 11513730-7 2001 Inorganic nitrate, like nitrite, was shown to be reduced at the molybdenum site of XOR. Nitrites 24-31 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 83-86 9607316-0 1998 Xanthine oxidoreductase catalyses the reduction of nitrates and nitrite to nitric oxide under hypoxic conditions. Nitrites 64-71 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 0-23 9607316-1 1998 Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) catalyses the reduction of the therapeutic organic nitrate, nitroglycerin (glyceryl trinitrate, GTN), as well as inorganic nitrate and nitrite, to nitric oxide (NO) under hypoxic conditions in the presence of NADH. Nitrites 165-172 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 0-23 9607316-1 1998 Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) catalyses the reduction of the therapeutic organic nitrate, nitroglycerin (glyceryl trinitrate, GTN), as well as inorganic nitrate and nitrite, to nitric oxide (NO) under hypoxic conditions in the presence of NADH. Nitrites 165-172 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 25-28