PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 24367220-0 2011 Type 1 interferon receptor in peripheral blood mononuclear cells may predict response to intra-arterial 5-fluorouracil + interferon therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Fluorouracil 104-118 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 7-17 24219283-6 2013 Treatment of RCC cell lines with interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) increased thymidine phosphorylase levels and prior treatment of RCC cell lines with IFN-alpha followed by 5-FU or DFUR resulted in enhanced sensitivity of all cell lines to 5-FU and two of three cell lines to DFUR. Fluorouracil 235-239 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 33-60 24219283-6 2013 Treatment of RCC cell lines with interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) increased thymidine phosphorylase levels and prior treatment of RCC cell lines with IFN-alpha followed by 5-FU or DFUR resulted in enhanced sensitivity of all cell lines to 5-FU and two of three cell lines to DFUR. Fluorouracil 235-239 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 51-60 24219283-8 2013 In addition, our in vitro cytotoxicity results showed that RCC cell lines differed in their response to 5-FU and DFUR and prior treatment with IFN-alpha potentiated cytotoxic response to metabolites of capecitabine. Fluorouracil 104-108 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 143-152 24100378-11 2013 The present results propose the possibility that PSK induces PBMCs to express IFN-alpha which inhibits DPD expression, and consequently augments the antitumor effect of 5-FU or 5"-DFUR. Fluorouracil 169-173 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 78-87 23457527-10 2013 In conclusion, we identified three genes that chemosensitize the effects of 5-FU and IFN-alpha/5-FU on HCC cells and demonstrated that PRKAG2 mRNA can serve as a prognostic marker for IFN-alpha/5-FU therapy. Fluorouracil 76-80 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 184-195 24367220-1 2011 BACKGROUND: Type 1 interferon alpha receptor 2 (IFNAR2) in the liver has been reported to be a predictive factor for the response to intra-arterial 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) + systemic interferon (IFN)-alpha combination therapy in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Fluorouracil 148-162 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 19-29 24367220-1 2011 BACKGROUND: Type 1 interferon alpha receptor 2 (IFNAR2) in the liver has been reported to be a predictive factor for the response to intra-arterial 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) + systemic interferon (IFN)-alpha combination therapy in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Fluorouracil 148-162 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 181-203 24367220-1 2011 BACKGROUND: Type 1 interferon alpha receptor 2 (IFNAR2) in the liver has been reported to be a predictive factor for the response to intra-arterial 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) + systemic interferon (IFN)-alpha combination therapy in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Fluorouracil 164-168 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 19-29 24367220-2 2011 We tested whether IFNAR2 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells could predict the response to 5-FU + IFN. Fluorouracil 104-108 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 18-21 24367220-10 2011 CONCLUSION: IFNAR2 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells may predict the response to 5-FU + IFN therapy in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, although these data are preliminary. Fluorouracil 96-100 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 12-15 20616597-4 2010 Recently, the combination therapy of subcutaneous interferon (IFN)-alpha and intraarterial 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) showed an outstanding response rate for intractable HCC (with portal vein thrombosis). Fluorouracil 107-111 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 50-72 20978511-1 2010 BACKGROUND: We reported recently the clinical efficiency of interferon (IFN)-alpha/5-fluorouracil (5-FU) combination therapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Fluorouracil 99-103 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 60-82 18996727-1 2008 BACKGROUND: Recent studies give rise to the hypothesis, that adjuvant chemoradioimmunotherapy with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), cisplatin and interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) might be a possible new treatment of pancreatic cancer in resected patients. Fluorouracil 99-113 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 154-163 20407444-9 2010 In resected specimens, IGFBP7 expression significantly correlated with the response to IFN-alpha/5-FU therapy. Fluorouracil 97-101 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 87-90 19821965-1 2009 BACKGROUND: The combination therapy of interferon (IFN)-alpha and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) improved the prognosis of the patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Fluorouracil 82-86 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 39-61 19821965-5 2009 RESULTS: IFN-alpha and 5-FU alone had anti-proliferative properties on HUVEC and their combination significantly inhibited the growth (compared with control, 5-FU or IFN alone). Fluorouracil 158-162 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 9-18 19401692-1 2009 Type I IFN receptor type 2 (IFNAR2) expression correlates significantly with clinical response to interferon (IFN)-alpha/5-fluorouracil (5-FU) combination therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Fluorouracil 137-141 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 98-120 17671767-1 2007 We report two cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) and lymph node (LN) metastases successfully treated by hepatic arterial infusion of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) combined with systemic injection of interferon (IFN)-alpha following hepatic resection for the liver tumor. Fluorouracil 177-191 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 235-257 17275163-7 2007 IFN-alpha enhanced the apoptosis of RCC cells induced by 5-FU, whereas 5-FU did not increase the antiproliferative effect of IFN-alpha. Fluorouracil 57-61 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 0-9 17988526-10 2007 IC(50) of 5-FU was (5.8 +/- 2.0) micromol/L and (6.3 +/- 1.4) micromol/L in with IFN-alpha (10 000 U/ml) and control group, respectively. Fluorouracil 10-14 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 81-90 17699726-0 2007 Alteration of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase expression by IFN-alpha affects the antiproliferative effects of 5-fluorouracil in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Fluorouracil 111-125 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 60-69 17941012-1 2007 BACKGROUND: The authors reported previously the beneficial effects of interferon (IFN)-alpha/5-fluorouracil (5-FU) combination therapy for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who have tumor thrombi in the major portal branches. Fluorouracil 109-113 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 70-92 17699726-9 2007 The antiproliferative effect of 5-FU could thus be modulated by IFN-alpha, possibly through DPD expression, in HCC cells. Fluorouracil 32-36 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 64-73 17045692-7 2007 Caspase-3 activation was exclusively increased by IFNalpha/5-FU combination treatment, which was compatible with enhancement of the synergistic apoptotic effect, and other caspases and apoptotic factors (FLIP, BCL-xl, and Bax) were also regulated by IFNalpha/5-FU. Fluorouracil 59-63 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 50-58 17045692-7 2007 Caspase-3 activation was exclusively increased by IFNalpha/5-FU combination treatment, which was compatible with enhancement of the synergistic apoptotic effect, and other caspases and apoptotic factors (FLIP, BCL-xl, and Bax) were also regulated by IFNalpha/5-FU. Fluorouracil 59-63 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 250-258 17045692-7 2007 Caspase-3 activation was exclusively increased by IFNalpha/5-FU combination treatment, which was compatible with enhancement of the synergistic apoptotic effect, and other caspases and apoptotic factors (FLIP, BCL-xl, and Bax) were also regulated by IFNalpha/5-FU. Fluorouracil 259-263 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 50-58 17045692-9 2007 The largest interaction was observed when both PBMC and HCC cells were pretreated with the combination of IFNalpha/5-FU. Fluorouracil 115-119 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 106-114 17045692-11 2007 CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicated that IFNalpha/5-FU combination treatment enhances the induction of apoptosis and the cytotoxic effect of PBMCs via the Fas/FasL pathway. Fluorouracil 49-53 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 40-48 17045692-12 2007 The Fas/FasL pathway seems, at least in part, to contribute to the anti-tumor effects of IFNalpha/5-FU against HCCs. Fluorouracil 98-102 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 89-97 16706824-6 2006 In vivo growth in terms of tumor diameter and weight was suppressed at most in the IFN-alpha + 5-FU (combination) group, that is, the tumor volume became 29.3% and the tumor weight became 54.7% of the control. Fluorouracil 95-99 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 83-92 17016659-3 2006 In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis induction in hepatoma cell lines with IFNalpha and 5-FU combination therapy from the view point of 5-FU"s additive effect on interferon-related signaling pathways. Fluorouracil 120-124 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 194-204 17016659-3 2006 In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis induction in hepatoma cell lines with IFNalpha and 5-FU combination therapy from the view point of 5-FU"s additive effect on interferon-related signaling pathways. Fluorouracil 168-172 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 194-204 17016659-6 2006 The JAK/STAT pathway transcriptional factor ISRE was activated more synergistically when 5-FU was added to IFNalpha treatments. Fluorouracil 89-93 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 107-115 17088986-1 2006 Combination therapy with interferon (IFN)-alpha and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) has been reported to show an improved therapeutic efficacy in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) but the mechanism behind this has not been completely elucidated. Fluorouracil 68-72 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 25-47 17088986-5 2006 IFN-alpha modulated the protein expression levels of six enzymes regulating sensitivity to 5-FU, but none of them were down- or up-regulated in the same way in all members of the S- or A-group. Fluorouracil 91-95 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 0-9 17088986-6 2006 In conclusion, the 5-FU-induced modulation of IFN receptor expression could play a pivotal role in the therapeutic efficacy of IFN-alpha combined with 5-FU. Fluorouracil 19-23 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 127-136 17099286-9 2006 These results propose that IFN-alpha subtypes induce cells to undergo apoptosis through p53 activation directly and indirectly, in collaboration with 5-FU, further suggesting the presence of distinct signal pathways for IFN-alpha-induced apoptosis. Fluorouracil 150-154 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 27-36 17099286-9 2006 These results propose that IFN-alpha subtypes induce cells to undergo apoptosis through p53 activation directly and indirectly, in collaboration with 5-FU, further suggesting the presence of distinct signal pathways for IFN-alpha-induced apoptosis. Fluorouracil 150-154 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 220-229 16490547-11 2006 The addition of IFNs significantly enhanced the cytotoxic effects of 5-FU and gemcitabine in those cell lines that expressed the corresponding IFN-alpha, -beta, or -gamma receptors. Fluorouracil 69-73 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 143-152 16101138-5 2005 Among them, three IFN-related genes, an IFN receptor gene (IFNAR2) and two IFN-stimulated genes (ISG15K, ISG-54K), that were up-regulated following addition of 5-FU, were investigated. Fluorouracil 160-164 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 40-43 16184937-0 2005 [A case of colon cancer with liver and lung metastases-efficacy of CPT-11/5-FU/l-LV (IFL) as part of ambulatory treatment]. Fluorouracil 74-78 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 85-88 16184937-2 2005 Hepatic intraarterial injection therapy with 5-FU/CDDP was not only ineffective against a liver metastasis but a lung metastasis was also found, and therefore systemic chemotherapy with CPT-11/5-FU/l-LV (IFL) was administered. Fluorouracil 45-49 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 204-207 16149157-1 2005 We report a case of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated successfully by transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) followed by combination therapy of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and pegylated interferon-alpha (PEG-IFN-alpha). Fluorouracil 149-163 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 207-216 16149157-1 2005 We report a case of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated successfully by transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) followed by combination therapy of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and pegylated interferon-alpha (PEG-IFN-alpha). Fluorouracil 165-169 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 207-216 16149157-6 2005 Although it has been reported that the combined use of conventional IFN-alpha and 5-FU showed striking effects on HCC in some cases, this case may suggest the more promising effect of PEG-IFN-alpha with a long-lasting effect, in the combined use with 5-FU for the treatment of massive advanced HCC. Fluorouracil 251-255 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 68-77 16149157-6 2005 Although it has been reported that the combined use of conventional IFN-alpha and 5-FU showed striking effects on HCC in some cases, this case may suggest the more promising effect of PEG-IFN-alpha with a long-lasting effect, in the combined use with 5-FU for the treatment of massive advanced HCC. Fluorouracil 251-255 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 188-197 16101138-5 2005 Among them, three IFN-related genes, an IFN receptor gene (IFNAR2) and two IFN-stimulated genes (ISG15K, ISG-54K), that were up-regulated following addition of 5-FU, were investigated. Fluorouracil 160-164 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 18-21 16101138-5 2005 Among them, three IFN-related genes, an IFN receptor gene (IFNAR2) and two IFN-stimulated genes (ISG15K, ISG-54K), that were up-regulated following addition of 5-FU, were investigated. Fluorouracil 160-164 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 40-43 16101138-8 2005 The growth of esophageal SCC cells with 5-FU was suppressed synergistically or semi-additively by IFN-alpha and -beta, but not by IFN-gamma. Fluorouracil 40-44 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 98-117 16101138-9 2005 These findings indicated that 5-FU stimulated IFN pathways in esophageal SCC cells following up-regulation of the IFN type I receptor. Fluorouracil 30-34 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 46-49 16101138-9 2005 These findings indicated that 5-FU stimulated IFN pathways in esophageal SCC cells following up-regulation of the IFN type I receptor. Fluorouracil 30-34 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 114-117 15937643-7 2005 In addition, IFN-evoked TP enzyme activity enhanced the cytotoxicity of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Fluorouracil 72-86 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 13-16 16041207-3 2005 The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of modulating 5-FU+ LEV by either FA or IFN-alpha in the adjuvant treatment of high-risk colon cancer. Fluorouracil 68-72 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 94-103 15937643-7 2005 In addition, IFN-evoked TP enzyme activity enhanced the cytotoxicity of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Fluorouracil 88-92 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 13-16 15492816-7 2004 Of the eight cells tested, five showed increased susceptibility to 5-FU plus IFN-alpha compared with 5-FU treatment alone. Fluorouracil 101-105 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 77-86 15585621-9 2004 Treatment of effector cells by IFNalpha and target HCC cells by 5-FU enhanced the cytotoxicity of CD14(+) monocytes and CD56(+) NK cells against HCC cells via a TRAIL-mediated pathway. Fluorouracil 64-68 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 31-39 15709199-11 2005 Furthermore, IFN-alpha/type 2 IFN receptor long form-transfected HuH7 cells treated with combination therapy showed strong DNA fragmentation compared with nontransfected or transfected with IFN-alpha- and 5-FU-treated HuH7. Fluorouracil 205-209 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 13-22 15709199-11 2005 Furthermore, IFN-alpha/type 2 IFN receptor long form-transfected HuH7 cells treated with combination therapy showed strong DNA fragmentation compared with nontransfected or transfected with IFN-alpha- and 5-FU-treated HuH7. Fluorouracil 205-209 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 13-16 15709199-12 2005 CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that combination of IFN-alpha plus 5-FU strongly induced cell growth inhibition of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells and indicated that one of the direct mechanisms of combination therapy may in part be attributable to alterations in induction of apoptosis through IFN-alpha/betaR. Fluorouracil 67-71 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 300-315 15698412-2 2005 The aim of this study was to investigate whether interferon (IFN)-alpha influences expression of 5-FU catabolic or target-related enzymes in human hepatoma cells. Fluorouracil 97-101 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 49-71 15492816-9 2004 The relevance networks revealed that sensitivity to 5-FU plus IFN-alpha involved the expression of 27 independent genes, which included 10 genes that are commonly associated with sensitivity to 5-FU alone. Fluorouracil 194-198 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 62-71 12402433-5 2002 The treatment resulted in a fall in serum PIVKA-II (protein induced by vitamin K antagonism) levels from 337 mAU/ml to 65 mAU/ml and disappearance of tumor stain in enhanced CT. 5-FU is usually administered by arterial infusion in a combination therapy of IFN-alpha and 5-FU. Fluorouracil 178-182 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 256-265 15082204-1 2004 OBJECTIVE: To analyse the long-term efficacy of combined interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) subcutaneously, with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) intravenously in a general multicentre setting, as treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Fluorouracil 132-146 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 75-84 15082204-13 2004 CONCLUSION: IL-2 and IFN-alpha with 5-FU based immunotherapy achieve durable survival rates at 3 years in a minority of patients. Fluorouracil 36-40 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 21-30 12402433-6 2002 However, 5-FU infusion may be possible intravenously in the combination therapy of IFN-alpha and 5-FU for the treatment of advanced HCC. Fluorouracil 9-13 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 83-92 12209689-7 2002 CONCLUSIONS: The current data suggest that combined outpatient sc IFN-alpha and sc IL-2, according to the Atzpodien regimen, achieves long-term survival benefits in a subset of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma, both with and without 13-cis-retinoic acid and/or 5-fluorouracil. Fluorouracil 274-288 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 66-75 10901374-11 2000 5-FU/folinic acid alone did not induce TP activity but a single dose of IFNalpha led to upregulation of TP within 2 h of administration with a further increase by 24 h (signed rank test, P = 0.006). Fluorouracil 0-4 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 72-80 11419451-14 2001 IFN-alpha modulation of 5-FU (plus LEV) adds to the toxicity with no therapeutic benefit. Fluorouracil 24-28 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 0-9 11370832-5 2001 Furthermore, examination of U937 cell apoptotic trend in parallel with PAP activity measurements and isoforms detection by immunoblotting, revealed both partial enzyme inactivation and dephosphorylation, in particular after the combined drug action of 5-FU and IFN on U937 cells. Fluorouracil 252-256 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 261-264 10901374-14 2000 A single dose of IFNalpha as low as 3 MIU m(-2) can cause sustained elevation of PBL TP activity in vivo indicating that biochemical markers are important pharmacodynamic endpoints for developing optimal schedules of IFNalpha for biomodulation of 5-FU. Fluorouracil 247-251 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 17-25 10637237-1 2000 PURPOSE: To study whether two modulators, high-dose methotrexate (MTX) and interferon alfa-2a (IFNalpha-2a) will alter the intratumoral pharmacokinetics of fluorouracil (5-FU). Fluorouracil 156-168 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 95-103 10762745-1 2000 The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of ifosfamide, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin (IFL) as a second-line chemotherapy regimen in patients with recurrent undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) previously treated with platinum/5-FU. Fluorouracil 268-272 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 117-120 10914738-3 2000 However, the underlying mechanism by which IFN-alpha modulates the effects of 5-FU is unknown. Fluorouracil 78-82 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 43-52 10914738-5 2000 IFN-alpha significantly enhanced the growth inhibitory effect of 5-FU in PLC/PRF/5 cells but not in HuH7 cells, and the isobolographic analysis indicated that this effect was synergistic. Fluorouracil 65-69 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 0-9 10883892-4 2000 The therapeutic agents interferon (IFN), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and tamoxifen (Tam) with different mechanisms of action mediate both partial dephosphorylation and inactivation of PAP, detected by immunoblotting analysis and PAP enzyme assay, respectively. Fluorouracil 57-61 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 23-33 10637237-5 2000 Four of the five patients exhibited increases in the t(1/2) of 5-FU after intravenous (IV) administration of MTX or IFNalpha-2a. Fluorouracil 63-67 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 116-124 10637237-7 2000 In the three patients with colorectal cancer who received IV IFNalpha-2a followed by IV 5-FU, the two patients with partial responses had increases in the t(1/2) of 5-FU of 41% and 30.2%, whereas the nonresponder had a nonsignificant increase (5.6%) in the t(1/2) of 5-FU. Fluorouracil 165-169 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 61-69 10637237-7 2000 In the three patients with colorectal cancer who received IV IFNalpha-2a followed by IV 5-FU, the two patients with partial responses had increases in the t(1/2) of 5-FU of 41% and 30.2%, whereas the nonresponder had a nonsignificant increase (5.6%) in the t(1/2) of 5-FU. Fluorouracil 165-169 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 61-69 10637237-9 2000 The findings also indicate that IFNalpha-2a and high-dose MTX can increase the intratumoral 5-FU in some patients. Fluorouracil 92-96 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 32-40 10606259-7 1999 Randomized trials of 5-FU double-modulated by both IFN-alpha and LV showed no response or survival advantage compared with 5-FU/LV, and greater toxicity. Fluorouracil 21-25 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 51-60 10023694-2 1999 Although biochemical modulation of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) by leucovorin (LV) and interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) has improved the outcomes of patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma compared with 5-FU alone, this approach has not been extensively evaluated in the treatment of advanced gastric carcinoma. Fluorouracil 35-49 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 98-107 10440197-6 1999 5-FU was administered at 750 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, 15, 22, and 29 after the administration of IFN and cisplatin. Fluorouracil 0-4 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 92-95 10339671-6 1999 Moreover, IFN-alpha-transduced cells acquired less resistance to 5-FU induced apoptosis. Fluorouracil 65-69 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 10-19 10334547-1 1999 PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of N-phosphonacetyl-L-aspartate (PALA), folinic acid (FA), and interferon alfa (IFN-alpha) biomodulation on plasma fluorouracil (5FU) pharmacokinetics and tumor and liver radioactivity uptake and retention after [18F]-fluorouracil (5-[18F]-FU) administration. Fluorouracil 147-159 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 112-121 10448286-2 1999 Improved therapeutic efficacy has been reported using biochemical modulation of 5-FU by leucovorin (LV) or interferon alpha (IFN), the combination of 5-FU/LV frequently considered as standard therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer. Fluorouracil 80-84 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 125-128 10023694-2 1999 Although biochemical modulation of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) by leucovorin (LV) and interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) has improved the outcomes of patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma compared with 5-FU alone, this approach has not been extensively evaluated in the treatment of advanced gastric carcinoma. Fluorouracil 51-55 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 98-107 9508190-12 1998 CONCLUSION: Modulation of CDDP and 5-FU with IFNalpha as used in this study does not improve the RR or the median survival in patients with RMHNC. Fluorouracil 35-39 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 45-53 9726437-20 1998 IFN-alpha2b preceding 5-FU has shown an interesting profile of activity in a patient population with clearly unfavorable characteristics. Fluorouracil 22-26 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 0-9 10412941-4 1999 RESULTS: IFN-alpha enhanced the sensitivity of three of five RCC cell lines to 5-FU in a dose- and schedule-dependent manner. Fluorouracil 79-83 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 9-18 10412941-5 1999 When IFN-alpha was given prior to 5-FU, sensitivity to 5-FU was significantly higher than when IFN-alpha was given simultaneously (P < 0.05). Fluorouracil 55-59 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 5-14 10412941-7 1999 The relative IFN-alpha-induced increase in sensitivity to 5-FU correlated with the relative IFN-alpha-induced increase in TP expression (P < 0.05). Fluorouracil 58-62 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 13-22 10412941-7 1999 The relative IFN-alpha-induced increase in sensitivity to 5-FU correlated with the relative IFN-alpha-induced increase in TP expression (P < 0.05). Fluorouracil 58-62 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 92-101 10412941-8 1999 In addition, two of three RCC cell lines with more than a twofold increase in sensitivity to 5-FU induced by IFN-alpha showed a higher TP expression without IFN-alpha stimulation. Fluorouracil 93-97 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 109-118 10412941-9 1999 CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that IFN-alpha upregulates TP expression and modulates 5-FU anabolism thus enhancing 5-FU cytotoxicity in a dose- and schedule-dependent manner in some RCC cells. Fluorouracil 90-94 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 40-49 10412941-9 1999 CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that IFN-alpha upregulates TP expression and modulates 5-FU anabolism thus enhancing 5-FU cytotoxicity in a dose- and schedule-dependent manner in some RCC cells. Fluorouracil 120-124 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 40-49 9839521-2 1998 Preclinical and clinical phase I/II data suggested that interferon alfa-2a (IFN) enhanced the efficacy of 5-FU therapy. Fluorouracil 106-110 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 76-79 9463483-4 1998 When cells were exposed to IFN-alpha + gamma and FUra, free FdUMP levels became detectable, whereas [3H]FUra-RNA incorporation decreased. Fluorouracil 104-108 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 27-36 9589033-3 1998 Modulation of 5-FU by methotrexate (MTX), trimetrexate (TMTX), interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha), leucovorin (LV), or N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-asparte acid (PALA) has produced higher response rates than those observed with 5-FU alone. Fluorouracil 14-18 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 81-90 9463483-8 1998 FUra-mediated thymidylate synthase inhibition was accompanied by a 124-fold increase in total deoxyuridylate immunoreactivity and a 31-fold increase in dUTP pools, but the addition of IFN-alpha + gamma attenuated the accumulation. Fluorouracil 0-4 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 184-193 9619746-2 1998 Interferon-alpha (IFNalpha) is a cytokine that is able to influence the pharmacodynamics of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) through a number of mechanisms. Fluorouracil 92-106 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 18-26 9619746-2 1998 Interferon-alpha (IFNalpha) is a cytokine that is able to influence the pharmacodynamics of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) through a number of mechanisms. Fluorouracil 108-111 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 18-26 10388104-11 1998 Gene modulation by IFN-&agr; or IFN-&bgr; of thymidine phosphorylase, an enzyme important in DNA synthesis, has been suggested to be the basis for enhancing 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) effectiveness in preclinical models and may augment effectiveness in adenocarcinomas. Fluorouracil 165-179 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 19-22 10388104-11 1998 Gene modulation by IFN-&agr; or IFN-&bgr; of thymidine phosphorylase, an enzyme important in DNA synthesis, has been suggested to be the basis for enhancing 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) effectiveness in preclinical models and may augment effectiveness in adenocarcinomas. Fluorouracil 165-179 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 36-39 10388104-11 1998 Gene modulation by IFN-&agr; or IFN-&bgr; of thymidine phosphorylase, an enzyme important in DNA synthesis, has been suggested to be the basis for enhancing 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) effectiveness in preclinical models and may augment effectiveness in adenocarcinomas. Fluorouracil 181-185 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 19-22 10388104-11 1998 Gene modulation by IFN-&agr; or IFN-&bgr; of thymidine phosphorylase, an enzyme important in DNA synthesis, has been suggested to be the basis for enhancing 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) effectiveness in preclinical models and may augment effectiveness in adenocarcinomas. Fluorouracil 181-185 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 36-39 9589033-6 1998 IFN-alpha has shown therapeutic efficiency when combined with 5-FU alone or with 5-FU and leucovorin, but latest studies with these combinations have shown increased toxicity. Fluorouracil 81-85 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 0-9 9020295-1 1997 Previous laboratory and clinical studies support the ability of interferon (IFN) to enhance the antitumor properties of chemotherapy agents, including cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Fluorouracil 165-179 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 64-74 9155534-1 1997 The antiproliferative effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in colon cancer can be enhanced by interferons (IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma). Fluorouracil 32-46 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 102-111 9155534-1 1997 The antiproliferative effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in colon cancer can be enhanced by interferons (IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma). Fluorouracil 48-52 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 102-111 9155534-3 1997 IFN-alpha may elevate the levels of the active 5-FU metabolite 5-fluoro-2"-deoxyuridine-5"-monophosphate (FdUMP) in the cell, possibly leading to increased inhibition of the target enzyme thymidylate synthase (TS), which might enhance DNA damage. Fluorouracil 47-51 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 0-9 9155534-6 1997 A 1.5-fold increase in 5-FU sensitivity was observed in C26-10 and C26-10/F (by murine IFN-alpha, beta); in SW948, WiDr and WiDr/F (by human IFN-gamma) and in SW948 and WiDr/ F (by human IFN-alpha). Fluorouracil 23-27 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 187-196 9155534-11 1997 Human IFN-alpha alone caused minimal DNA damage (95% dss DNA), but increased 5-FU-induced effects to 35-50% dss DNA. Fluorouracil 77-81 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 6-15 9155534-14 1997 It is concluded that one of the mechanisms involved in modulation of 5-FU activity is the effect of IFN-alpha on 5-FU-mediated DNA damage, but for IFN-gamma no mechanism of action was found. Fluorouracil 69-73 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 100-109 9155534-14 1997 It is concluded that one of the mechanisms involved in modulation of 5-FU activity is the effect of IFN-alpha on 5-FU-mediated DNA damage, but for IFN-gamma no mechanism of action was found. Fluorouracil 113-117 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 100-109 9815814-1 1997 We have used pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to examine 5-fluorouracil (5FU)-induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), both with and without modulation by IFN-alpha2a (IFNalpha), in HT29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells. Fluorouracil 57-71 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 168-176 9815792-1 1997 The combination of IFN-alpha-2a (IFN-alpha) and IFN-gamma-1b (IFN-gamma) has been found to produce more than additive cytotoxicity with fluorouracil (5-FU) in HT 29 colon cancer cells due to enhanced DNA-directed effects. Fluorouracil 136-148 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 19-28 9815792-1 1997 The combination of IFN-alpha-2a (IFN-alpha) and IFN-gamma-1b (IFN-gamma) has been found to produce more than additive cytotoxicity with fluorouracil (5-FU) in HT 29 colon cancer cells due to enhanced DNA-directed effects. Fluorouracil 136-148 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 33-42 9815792-1 1997 The combination of IFN-alpha-2a (IFN-alpha) and IFN-gamma-1b (IFN-gamma) has been found to produce more than additive cytotoxicity with fluorouracil (5-FU) in HT 29 colon cancer cells due to enhanced DNA-directed effects. Fluorouracil 150-154 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 19-28 9815792-1 1997 The combination of IFN-alpha-2a (IFN-alpha) and IFN-gamma-1b (IFN-gamma) has been found to produce more than additive cytotoxicity with fluorouracil (5-FU) in HT 29 colon cancer cells due to enhanced DNA-directed effects. Fluorouracil 150-154 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 33-42 9815792-9 1997 5-FU clearance was higher in 14 cycles with IFN-gamma compared to the patient"s prior cycle with the same doses of 5-FU/LV/IFN-alpha: 798 +/- 309 versus 601 +/- 250 ml/min/m2 (mean +/- SD; P = 0.04). Fluorouracil 0-4 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 123-132 9815792-15 1997 Compared to our previous experience with 5-FU/LV/IFN-alpha, IFN-gamma and IFN-alpha appeared to have opposite effects on 5-FU clearance. Fluorouracil 121-125 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 74-83 9070485-2 1997 UNLABELLED: BACKGROUND; The rationale for the modulation of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) with interferon-alpha (IFN) is inhibition of 5-FU catabolism and 5-FU resistance. Fluorouracil 60-74 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 87-109 9070485-2 1997 UNLABELLED: BACKGROUND; The rationale for the modulation of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) with interferon-alpha (IFN) is inhibition of 5-FU catabolism and 5-FU resistance. Fluorouracil 76-80 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 87-109 9070485-2 1997 UNLABELLED: BACKGROUND; The rationale for the modulation of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) with interferon-alpha (IFN) is inhibition of 5-FU catabolism and 5-FU resistance. Fluorouracil 127-131 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 87-109 9070485-2 1997 UNLABELLED: BACKGROUND; The rationale for the modulation of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) with interferon-alpha (IFN) is inhibition of 5-FU catabolism and 5-FU resistance. Fluorouracil 127-131 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 87-109 9070485-3 1997 Clinical trials have shown debatable results when IFN is given in high doses with 5-FU used as a bolus alone or in combination with leucovorin (LV). Fluorouracil 82-86 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 50-53 9070485-11 1997 However, as in other schedules of LV and 5-FU, IFN induces high grade toxicity. Fluorouracil 41-45 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 47-50 9020295-1 1997 Previous laboratory and clinical studies support the ability of interferon (IFN) to enhance the antitumor properties of chemotherapy agents, including cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Fluorouracil 165-179 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 76-79 9020295-1 1997 Previous laboratory and clinical studies support the ability of interferon (IFN) to enhance the antitumor properties of chemotherapy agents, including cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Fluorouracil 181-185 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 64-74 9020295-1 1997 Previous laboratory and clinical studies support the ability of interferon (IFN) to enhance the antitumor properties of chemotherapy agents, including cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Fluorouracil 181-185 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 76-79 8874326-7 1996 CONCLUSION: The combination IFN/5-FU produced a response rate, response duration, and survival duration similar to that of 5-FU alone. Fluorouracil 123-127 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 28-31 8931668-2 1996 Evidence suggests that interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) augments the antineoplastic activity of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in human adenocarcinoma cell lines in vitro and may enhance the efficacy of 5-FU in patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma. Fluorouracil 92-106 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 41-50 8931668-2 1996 Evidence suggests that interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) augments the antineoplastic activity of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in human adenocarcinoma cell lines in vitro and may enhance the efficacy of 5-FU in patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma. Fluorouracil 108-112 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 41-50 8931668-2 1996 Evidence suggests that interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) augments the antineoplastic activity of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in human adenocarcinoma cell lines in vitro and may enhance the efficacy of 5-FU in patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma. Fluorouracil 190-194 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 41-50 8862717-10 1996 Our results show that doses of IFN of 18 MU/m2 given by a 24 h infusion can be administered safely to an established and active schedule of weekly 24 h infusion of 5-FU and LV. Fluorouracil 164-168 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 31-34 8879370-13 1996 CONCLUSION: 5-FU plus IFN is more effective than 5-FU alone in terms of response rate, event free survival but not of overall survival. Fluorouracil 49-53 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 22-25 8646722-1 1996 BACKGROUND: Recombinant interferon-alpha (IFN) augments the cytotoxicity of both 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin in vitro. Fluorouracil 81-95 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 42-45 8646722-1 1996 BACKGROUND: Recombinant interferon-alpha (IFN) augments the cytotoxicity of both 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin in vitro. Fluorouracil 97-101 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 42-45 9229325-1 1996 To improve the therapeutic ratio of palliative chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal and gastric cancer 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was administered as weekly high-dose 24-hour continuous infusion in combination with leucovorin (LV) and interferon-alpha-2b (IFN) as biomodulating agents: Chemotherapy consisted of a weekly schedule of 500 mg/m2 leucovorin as a 2-hour infusion, followed by a 24-hour continuous infusion of 2500 mg/m2 5-FU. Fluorouracil 134-138 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 266-269 8758262-1 1996 The aspartate transcarbamoylase inhibitor, N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-aspartate (PALA), synergistically enhanced the cytotoxicity of a combination of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and interferon-alpha (IFN) against human colon cancer cell lines in vitro. Fluorouracil 144-158 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 170-192 8620460-3 1996 To obtain a maximal inhibition of cell metabolism without causing cell toxicity, we were able to decrease the dose of 5-FU by simultaneously adding IFN-alpha. Fluorouracil 118-122 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 148-157 8826868-1 1996 With the association of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and alpha-interferon (IFN), objective responses as high as 26 63% have been reported in untreated patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Fluorouracil 24-38 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 50-72 8826868-17 1996 At least at this dosage and schedule, the association of 5-FU and IFN is no better than 5-FU alone and is of no clinical interest. Fluorouracil 57-61 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 66-69 8823494-0 1996 Effect of interferon on 5-fluorouracil-induced perturbations in pools of deoxynucleotide triphosphates and DNA strand breaks. Fluorouracil 24-38 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 10-20 8823494-1 1996 Interferon (IFN) augments the anabolism of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) to its active metabolite, fluorodeoxyuridylate (FdUMP), which inhibits thymidylate synthase (TS). Fluorouracil 59-62 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 0-10 8823494-1 1996 Interferon (IFN) augments the anabolism of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) to its active metabolite, fluorodeoxyuridylate (FdUMP), which inhibits thymidylate synthase (TS). Fluorouracil 59-62 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 12-15 8823494-5 1996 The addition of IFN to 5FU resulted in greater depletion of dTTP levels over treatment with 5FU alone by up to fourfold, and markedly augmented the dATP/dTTP ratio. Fluorouracil 23-26 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 16-19 8823494-1 1996 Interferon (IFN) augments the anabolism of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) to its active metabolite, fluorodeoxyuridylate (FdUMP), which inhibits thymidylate synthase (TS). Fluorouracil 43-57 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 0-10 8823494-1 1996 Interferon (IFN) augments the anabolism of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) to its active metabolite, fluorodeoxyuridylate (FdUMP), which inhibits thymidylate synthase (TS). Fluorouracil 43-57 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 12-15 7882458-1 1995 To determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of escalating doses of interferon-alpha-2b (IFN, Intron A) with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin (DDP) in patients with advanced cancer, 15 patients were accrued between May 1990 and July 1991. Fluorouracil 110-124 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 90-93 8824349-1 1996 The ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor, hydroxyurea (HU), augments the cytotoxic effects of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) in vitro; both drugs are synergistic with interferon-alpha (IFN) in vitro. Fluorouracil 92-106 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 173-176 8824349-1 1996 The ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor, hydroxyurea (HU), augments the cytotoxic effects of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) in vitro; both drugs are synergistic with interferon-alpha (IFN) in vitro. Fluorouracil 108-111 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 173-176 7577043-3 1995 These preclinical studies stimulated clinical evaluation of IFN-alpha in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) with and without leucovorin (LV), and the initial clinical results appeared promising. Fluorouracil 106-110 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 60-69 7577043-4 1995 We summarise preclinical research concerning the interaction of 5-FU and IFN-alpha. Fluorouracil 64-68 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 73-82 7611752-1 1995 The biomodulation (BM) of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) by interferon (IFN) is reviewed both preclinically and clinically, stressing clinical relevance. Fluorouracil 26-40 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 63-66 7611752-1 1995 The biomodulation (BM) of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) by interferon (IFN) is reviewed both preclinically and clinically, stressing clinical relevance. Fluorouracil 42-46 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 63-66 7611752-4 1995 However, extensive preclinical investigations have been performed very recently showing that IFN can enhance cytotoxic effects of 5-FU through various mechanisms, not only by increased anabolism of 5-FU to 5-fluoro 2"-deoxyuridine monophosphate (FdUMP) or 5-fluorouridine (FUR), inhibition of thymidine kinase activity, possible alternation of pharmacokinetics of 5-FU, but also by biological response modification. Fluorouracil 130-134 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 93-96 7611752-4 1995 However, extensive preclinical investigations have been performed very recently showing that IFN can enhance cytotoxic effects of 5-FU through various mechanisms, not only by increased anabolism of 5-FU to 5-fluoro 2"-deoxyuridine monophosphate (FdUMP) or 5-fluorouridine (FUR), inhibition of thymidine kinase activity, possible alternation of pharmacokinetics of 5-FU, but also by biological response modification. Fluorouracil 198-202 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 93-96 7611752-4 1995 However, extensive preclinical investigations have been performed very recently showing that IFN can enhance cytotoxic effects of 5-FU through various mechanisms, not only by increased anabolism of 5-FU to 5-fluoro 2"-deoxyuridine monophosphate (FdUMP) or 5-fluorouridine (FUR), inhibition of thymidine kinase activity, possible alternation of pharmacokinetics of 5-FU, but also by biological response modification. Fluorouracil 198-202 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 93-96 7611752-9 1995 The role of biomodulating chemotherapy of 5-FU by IFN or IFN and LV must also be investigated in the field of head and neck cancers, esophageal cancer, biliary tract cancer, all of which are relatively sensitive to the effector of 5-FU. Fluorouracil 42-46 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 50-53 7646900-2 1995 Experimental findings suggesting that interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) enhances 5-FU cytotoxicity have stimulated an increasing number of clinical trials to evaluate the therapeutic potential of this combination. Fluorouracil 76-80 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 56-65 7669711-3 1995 Interferon-alpha (IFN) either alone or in combination with FA has also improved treatment results by modulating 5-FU activity. Fluorouracil 112-116 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 18-21 21556603-4 1995 Using a 4-channel microcalorimeter, it could be shown, that the combination of 5-FU with IFN-alpha-2a or IFN-alpha-2a plus IL-2 led to a significant reduction in thermal cell activity, compared with the addition of 5-FU on its own. Fluorouracil 215-219 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 105-114 8542247-5 1995 Combination of 5-FU and IFN resulted in a significant increase of the AUC of 5-FU (80%) and the fictive initial concentration (C0, 65%) obviously caused by a reduction of 5-FU clearance by 50%. Fluorouracil 77-81 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 24-27 8542247-5 1995 Combination of 5-FU and IFN resulted in a significant increase of the AUC of 5-FU (80%) and the fictive initial concentration (C0, 65%) obviously caused by a reduction of 5-FU clearance by 50%. Fluorouracil 77-81 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 24-27 7666089-1 1995 PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of adding interferon alfa-2b (IFN) to protracted venous infusion fluorouracil (PVI 5-FU) from the start of treatment in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Fluorouracil 127-139 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 92-95 7627962-3 1995 Since TP catalyzes the first step in the direct conversion of FUra to deoxyribonucleotides, its induction by IFN is a potential biochemical mechanism for the modulation of the antitumor activity of FUra. Fluorouracil 198-202 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 109-112 7642571-1 1995 Interferon-alpha (IFN alpha) potentiates the antitumor activity of 5-fluorouracil (FUra) in colon cancer in vitro, in vivo, and clinically. Fluorouracil 67-81 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 18-27 7642571-1 1995 Interferon-alpha (IFN alpha) potentiates the antitumor activity of 5-fluorouracil (FUra) in colon cancer in vitro, in vivo, and clinically. Fluorouracil 83-87 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 18-27 7642571-2 1995 A likely mechanism for this action is the induction by IFN alpha of thymidine phosphorylase (TP), the first enzyme in one pathway for the metabolic activation of FUra to fluorodeoxyribonucleotides. Fluorouracil 162-166 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 55-64 7642571-9 1995 These studies provide direct evidence for the role of TP in mediating the sensitivity of colon carcinoma cells to FUra, and further support the importance of the induction of TP in the biomodulating action of IFN alpha on FUra chemosensitivity. Fluorouracil 114-118 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 209-218 7642571-9 1995 These studies provide direct evidence for the role of TP in mediating the sensitivity of colon carcinoma cells to FUra, and further support the importance of the induction of TP in the biomodulating action of IFN alpha on FUra chemosensitivity. Fluorouracil 222-226 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 209-218 7634247-5 1995 IFN-alpha-induced protection of ACHN from lysis by IFN-alpha-activated NK cells weakened in the presence of 5FU at 0.2 microgram/ml. Fluorouracil 108-111 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 0-9 7634247-5 1995 IFN-alpha-induced protection of ACHN from lysis by IFN-alpha-activated NK cells weakened in the presence of 5FU at 0.2 microgram/ml. Fluorouracil 108-111 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 51-60 7850703-13 1995 CONCLUSIONS: The high response rate of this 5-FU/LV/IFN regimen holds true in a larger group of patients. Fluorouracil 44-48 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 52-55 7882458-3 1995 IFN was given s.c. on days 1-5 and then three times weekly with DDP (75 mg/m2, day 1) and 5-FU [750 mg/m2, days 1-5, continuous infusion (CI) on a 28-day cycle. Fluorouracil 90-94 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 0-3 7882458-10 1995 The combination of IFN is possible with 5-FU and DDP. Fluorouracil 40-44 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 19-22 7947102-1 1994 Interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) enhances the activity of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer although the mechanism is not understood. Fluorouracil 54-68 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 0-27 7597304-6 1995 A major mechanism involved in the synergistic interaction of interferon (IFN) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) seems to be the increase of active 5-FU metabolites by IFN. Fluorouracil 82-96 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 159-162 7597304-6 1995 A major mechanism involved in the synergistic interaction of interferon (IFN) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) seems to be the increase of active 5-FU metabolites by IFN. Fluorouracil 98-102 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 61-71 7597304-6 1995 A major mechanism involved in the synergistic interaction of interferon (IFN) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) seems to be the increase of active 5-FU metabolites by IFN. Fluorouracil 98-102 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 159-162 7597304-6 1995 A major mechanism involved in the synergistic interaction of interferon (IFN) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) seems to be the increase of active 5-FU metabolites by IFN. Fluorouracil 139-143 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 61-71 7597304-6 1995 A major mechanism involved in the synergistic interaction of interferon (IFN) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) seems to be the increase of active 5-FU metabolites by IFN. Fluorouracil 139-143 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 73-76 7597304-6 1995 A major mechanism involved in the synergistic interaction of interferon (IFN) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) seems to be the increase of active 5-FU metabolites by IFN. Fluorouracil 139-143 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 159-162 7597304-7 1995 Moreover, IFN can reverse resistance against 5-FU by inhibiting the overexpression of thymidylate synthase. Fluorouracil 45-49 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 10-13 7947102-1 1994 Interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) enhances the activity of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer although the mechanism is not understood. Fluorouracil 70-74 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 0-27 7947102-3 1994 This study has demonstrated an enhancement of the cellular immune response in patients given 5-FU/IFN-alpha with augmentation of natural killer (NK) cell function and abrogation of 5-FU-induced suppression of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell activity. Fluorouracil 93-97 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 98-107 7947102-3 1994 This study has demonstrated an enhancement of the cellular immune response in patients given 5-FU/IFN-alpha with augmentation of natural killer (NK) cell function and abrogation of 5-FU-induced suppression of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell activity. Fluorouracil 181-185 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 98-107 7847809-3 1994 The results show that: (a) IFN-alpha inhibited MNC and HT-29 cells by 13.4% and 32.9%, respectively; (b) 5-FU inhibited MNC and HT-29 cells by 54.7% and 87.0%, respectively; (c) IFN-alpha + 5-FU resulted in a stronger inhibition of HT-29 cells (i.e., 96.1%). Fluorouracil 105-109 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 178-187 7923102-6 1994 IFN-alpha increased the anti-neoplastic activity of cisplatin and 5-FU against T2/CUHK cells, but the effect was less evident in PWH-S1 cells. Fluorouracil 66-70 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 0-9 7847809-3 1994 The results show that: (a) IFN-alpha inhibited MNC and HT-29 cells by 13.4% and 32.9%, respectively; (b) 5-FU inhibited MNC and HT-29 cells by 54.7% and 87.0%, respectively; (c) IFN-alpha + 5-FU resulted in a stronger inhibition of HT-29 cells (i.e., 96.1%). Fluorouracil 190-194 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 27-36 7847809-6 1994 Moreover, treatment with IFN-alpha, 5-FU or IFN-alpha + 5-FU resulted in a marked increase in the number of HT-29 cells positive for the CEA surface antigen. Fluorouracil 56-60 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 25-34 7847809-6 1994 Moreover, treatment with IFN-alpha, 5-FU or IFN-alpha + 5-FU resulted in a marked increase in the number of HT-29 cells positive for the CEA surface antigen. Fluorouracil 56-60 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 44-53 7812360-2 1994 Combining IFN-alpha with either IL-2 or 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) enhanced IFN-alpha activity. Fluorouracil 40-54 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 71-80 7812360-2 1994 Combining IFN-alpha with either IL-2 or 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) enhanced IFN-alpha activity. Fluorouracil 56-60 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 71-80 8026229-1 1994 PURPOSE: To determine whether interferon: alpha 2b can improve results of 5-fluorouracil adjuvant treatment of Dukes C colorectal cancer patients, we compared the outcome of patients receiving a fluorouracil-interferon combination to that of historic controls treated with fluorouracil alone. Fluorouracil 74-88 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 30-40 8026229-1 1994 PURPOSE: To determine whether interferon: alpha 2b can improve results of 5-fluorouracil adjuvant treatment of Dukes C colorectal cancer patients, we compared the outcome of patients receiving a fluorouracil-interferon combination to that of historic controls treated with fluorouracil alone. Fluorouracil 76-88 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 30-40 8026229-2 1994 METHODS: Fifty-seven Dukes C colorectal cancer patients were given 5-fluorouracil-interferon-alpha 2b adjuvant treatment from October 1986 to September 1990. Fluorouracil 67-81 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 82-92 8192103-6 1994 In conclusion, our study demonstrates that IFN-alpha 2B at doses higher than 6 x 10(6) IU intramuscularly three times per week in the combination with 5-fluorouracil and folinic acid we used is too toxic for the majority of patients; this combination has moderate activity in metastatic colorectal cancer, although similar response rates have been reported, with less toxicity, with 5-fluorouracil plus folinic acid without IFN-alpha. Fluorouracil 151-165 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 43-52 8192103-6 1994 In conclusion, our study demonstrates that IFN-alpha 2B at doses higher than 6 x 10(6) IU intramuscularly three times per week in the combination with 5-fluorouracil and folinic acid we used is too toxic for the majority of patients; this combination has moderate activity in metastatic colorectal cancer, although similar response rates have been reported, with less toxicity, with 5-fluorouracil plus folinic acid without IFN-alpha. Fluorouracil 383-397 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 43-52 8186172-1 1994 BACKGROUND: Due to the possibility of a synergistic effect between Interferon (IFN-alpha) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), a phase II trial was conducted in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (MRCC) combining recombinant IFN-alpha, 5-FU and prednisone. Fluorouracil 94-108 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 212-221 7516637-8 1994 The results appear to indicate that IFN-alpha modulation of a DDP, 5-FU combination induces an acceptable degree of toxicity. Fluorouracil 67-71 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 36-45 8074466-1 1994 The modulating effect of recombinant human interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) on the antitumor efficacy of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) against human carcinoma cell lines was investigated in vitro and in vivo. Fluorouracil 101-115 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 43-70 8074466-1 1994 The modulating effect of recombinant human interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) on the antitumor efficacy of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) against human carcinoma cell lines was investigated in vitro and in vivo. Fluorouracil 117-121 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 43-70 8186172-1 1994 BACKGROUND: Due to the possibility of a synergistic effect between Interferon (IFN-alpha) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), a phase II trial was conducted in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (MRCC) combining recombinant IFN-alpha, 5-FU and prednisone. Fluorouracil 110-114 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 212-221 8186172-1 1994 BACKGROUND: Due to the possibility of a synergistic effect between Interferon (IFN-alpha) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), a phase II trial was conducted in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (MRCC) combining recombinant IFN-alpha, 5-FU and prednisone. Fluorouracil 223-227 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 79-88 8239524-4 1993 These results suggest that the changes observed in vivo of 5-FU toxicity induced by IFN-alpha should be attributed to indirect effects of the latter. Fluorouracil 59-63 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 84-93 8137250-1 1994 alpha-Interferon (IFN alpha) potentiates the cytotoxicity of 5-fluorouracil (FUra) in vitro, and the combination has clinical efficacy in advanced colorectal cancer. Fluorouracil 61-75 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 0-27 8137250-1 1994 alpha-Interferon (IFN alpha) potentiates the cytotoxicity of 5-fluorouracil (FUra) in vitro, and the combination has clinical efficacy in advanced colorectal cancer. Fluorouracil 77-81 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 0-27 8137250-10 1994 IFN alpha potentiated the cytotoxicity of FUra by 1.8-fold, and the combination of IFN alpha and PO-dUrd produced a 25-fold increase in the cytotoxicity of FUra. Fluorouracil 42-46 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 0-9 8137250-10 1994 IFN alpha potentiated the cytotoxicity of FUra by 1.8-fold, and the combination of IFN alpha and PO-dUrd produced a 25-fold increase in the cytotoxicity of FUra. Fluorouracil 156-160 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 83-92 8137250-12 1994 There was a significant correlation between the ability of a nucleoside and/or IFN alpha combination to increase thymine incorporation and to reduce the 50% inhibitory concentration for FUra. Fluorouracil 186-190 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 79-88 8137250-13 1994 IFN alpha and PO-dUrd also potentiated the inhibition by FUra of thymidylate synthase activity. Fluorouracil 57-61 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 0-9 8137250-14 1994 These findings suggest that the use of a deoxyribonucleoside to provide the rate limiting cosubstrate would complement the stimulation of TP by IFN alpha, and together they should further enhance the antitumor activity of FUra. Fluorouracil 222-226 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 144-153 8221681-1 1993 Interferon (IFN) has been shown to enhance the cytotoxic effects of 5-fluorouracil (5FUra) in colorectal cancer, and clinical trials with this combination resulted in higher response rate with respect to 5FUra alone. Fluorouracil 68-82 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 0-16 8221681-1 1993 Interferon (IFN) has been shown to enhance the cytotoxic effects of 5-fluorouracil (5FUra) in colorectal cancer, and clinical trials with this combination resulted in higher response rate with respect to 5FUra alone. Fluorouracil 84-89 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 0-16 8221681-1 1993 Interferon (IFN) has been shown to enhance the cytotoxic effects of 5-fluorouracil (5FUra) in colorectal cancer, and clinical trials with this combination resulted in higher response rate with respect to 5FUra alone. Fluorouracil 204-209 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 0-16 8246910-1 1993 Recombinant interferon-alpha (IFN) enhances the cytotoxic effects of the fluorinated pyrimidine, 5-fluorouracil (5FU), against two human colon cancer cell lines. Fluorouracil 97-111 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 12-34 8246910-1 1993 Recombinant interferon-alpha (IFN) enhances the cytotoxic effects of the fluorinated pyrimidine, 5-fluorouracil (5FU), against two human colon cancer cell lines. Fluorouracil 113-116 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 12-34 8292812-1 1993 Increased activity against colorectal cancer by 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) modulation with leucovorin (LV) and/or interferon (IFN) has been reported. Fluorouracil 48-62 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 109-125 8292812-1 1993 Increased activity against colorectal cancer by 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) modulation with leucovorin (LV) and/or interferon (IFN) has been reported. Fluorouracil 64-68 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 109-125 8339255-1 1993 alpha-Interferon (IFN-alpha) enhances the activity of 5-fluorouracil in patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma. Fluorouracil 54-68 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 18-27 8336197-12 1993 Our findings suggest that under certain conditions, mechanisms other than altered 5-FU pharmacokinetics may be responsible for the ability of IFN-alpha to enhance the toxic effects of 5-FU. Fluorouracil 184-188 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 142-151 8426214-2 1993 PATIENTS AND METHODS: Escalating doses of IFN (0.5 to 4.0 x 10(6) U/m2/d x 6) were added to cisplatin 100 mg/m2, continuous infusion 5-FU 800 or 640 mg/m2/d x 5, and leucovorin 100 mg orally every 4 hours. Fluorouracil 133-137 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 42-45 8336197-1 1993 PURPOSE: To determine the maximum-tolerable dose (MTD) of fluorouracil (5-FU) administered as a low-dose, prolonged continuous intravenous infusion (PCI) plus interferon-alfa (IFN-alpha) that would permit treatment for at least 28 consecutive days, and to determine the effect of IFN-alpha on 5-FU pharmacokinetics. Fluorouracil 58-70 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 280-289 8336197-11 1993 CONCLUSION: IFN-alpha substantially enhanced the gastrointestinal toxicity of low-dose PCI 5-FU without affecting 5-FU pharmacokinetics, contrary to previous reports using alternative 5-FU schedules in which IFN-alpha-related enhancement of 5-FU toxicity was attributable to reduced 5-FU clearance. Fluorouracil 91-95 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 12-21 8426214-6 1993 After decreasing the 5-FU dose to 640 mg/m2/d, the maximally tolerated dose (MTD) of IFN was 2.0 x 10(6) U/m2/d. Fluorouracil 21-25 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 85-88 8426214-12 1993 CONCLUSION: The recommended doses for PFL-IFN are 640 mg/m2/d for 5-FU and 2.0 x 10(6) U/m2/d for IFN. Fluorouracil 66-70 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 42-45 1557647-1 1992 Preclinical data suggest that both folinic acid and interferon may enhance the efficacy of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in colorectal carcinoma. Fluorouracil 107-111 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 52-62 8435370-1 1993 BACKGROUND: On the basis of data suggesting the possibility of maximizing the efficacy of 5-FU by LV and IFN, a pilot clinical trial was initiated in advanced pancreatic cancer. Fluorouracil 90-94 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 105-108 8418225-1 1993 PURPOSE: Diarrhea is a prominent feature of fluorouracil (5FU) gastrointestinal toxicity, especially when 5FU is combined with leucovorin (LV) or interferon (IFN). Fluorouracil 44-56 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 146-162 8418225-1 1993 PURPOSE: Diarrhea is a prominent feature of fluorouracil (5FU) gastrointestinal toxicity, especially when 5FU is combined with leucovorin (LV) or interferon (IFN). Fluorouracil 58-61 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 146-162 1525760-1 1992 BACKGROUND: Preclinical and clinical data suggest that both leucovorin (LV) and interferon (IFN) can augment the cytotoxic effects of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Fluorouracil 134-148 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 60-96 1525760-1 1992 BACKGROUND: Preclinical and clinical data suggest that both leucovorin (LV) and interferon (IFN) can augment the cytotoxic effects of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Fluorouracil 150-154 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 60-96 1498068-1 1992 Because of the different sites and mechanisms of biochemical interaction among 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), leucovorin (LV) and interferon (IFN), we hypothesized that the concomitant use of IFN could increase the activity of the 5-FU/LV combination in colorectal cancer patients. Fluorouracil 223-227 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 102-138 1498068-1 1992 Because of the different sites and mechanisms of biochemical interaction among 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), leucovorin (LV) and interferon (IFN), we hypothesized that the concomitant use of IFN could increase the activity of the 5-FU/LV combination in colorectal cancer patients. Fluorouracil 223-227 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 134-137 1557647-1 1992 Preclinical data suggest that both folinic acid and interferon may enhance the efficacy of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in colorectal carcinoma. Fluorouracil 91-105 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 52-62 8509231-2 1993 Five clinical trials in humans with advanced colorectal carcinoma have demonstrated responses ranging from 26 to 63% in patients treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) plus interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha), suggesting improved response with the combination as compared with 5-FU alone. Fluorouracil 266-270 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 187-196 8509231-3 1993 In addition, responses have been observed in patients with adenocarcinomas of the lung, pancreas, breast, and kidney, squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus, and urothelial carcinoma treated with 5-FU/IFN-alpha. Fluorouracil 199-203 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 204-213 1626952-6 1992 Furthermore, side effects of IFN/5-FU combination and dual modulation of 5-FU with IFN and LV were referred. Fluorouracil 73-77 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 83-86 1553576-2 1992 In a phase I trial, we recently showed that interferon alpha-2b (IFN), folinic acid and 5-FU can be safely administered with a 4-hour infusion of 5-FU. Fluorouracil 146-150 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 65-68 1553576-14 1992 From these data we conclude that modulation of 5-FU with both folinic acid and IFN induces an overall response rate of 31% in disseminated colorectal cancer. Fluorouracil 47-51 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 79-82 1557648-2 1992 Therefore a pilot study was initiated to evaluate the effects of the combination 5-FU/FA/interferon alfa (IFN-alpha) in colorectal adenocarcinomas refractory to first-line therapy with 5-FU/FA. Fluorouracil 185-189 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 86-115 1372764-1 1992 Interferon (IFN) is capable of modulating the cytotoxic effects and clinical activity of the fluorinated pyrimidine, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Fluorouracil 117-131 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 0-10 1372764-1 1992 Interferon (IFN) is capable of modulating the cytotoxic effects and clinical activity of the fluorinated pyrimidine, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Fluorouracil 117-131 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 12-15 1372764-1 1992 Interferon (IFN) is capable of modulating the cytotoxic effects and clinical activity of the fluorinated pyrimidine, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Fluorouracil 133-137 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 0-10 1557648-6 1992 Looking at the sensitivity of lung metastases (three of three), the regressions can be explained through the additive effect of IFN-alpha to 5-FU/FA. Fluorouracil 141-145 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 128-137 1372764-1 1992 Interferon (IFN) is capable of modulating the cytotoxic effects and clinical activity of the fluorinated pyrimidine, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Fluorouracil 133-137 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 12-15 1372764-3 1992 Pharmacokinetic studies have also demonstrated that IFN can increase serum levels of 5-FU. Fluorouracil 85-89 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 52-55 1557649-1 1992 Several reports on fluorouracil (5-FU) and alfa interferon (IFN-alpha) combination therapy in patients with advanced colorectal cancer have been published. Fluorouracil 19-31 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 60-69 1557650-13 1992 Our preliminary data suggest that biochemical modulation of 5-FU with FA and IFN-alpha (reduced dosage) is effective in pancreatic cancer with moderate toxicity, warranting further study. Fluorouracil 60-64 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 77-86 1557651-2 1992 The biochemical modulation of 5-FU by various drugs has brought about the two combinations of 5-FU/folinic acid (FA) and 5-FU/alpha-interferon (IFN), which have shown clinical activity in phase II and III trials, especially in colorectal cancer. Fluorouracil 30-34 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 121-148 1557651-4 1992 In esophageal cancer, two phase II studies with 5-FU/IFN reported seven (27%) objective remissions in 26 patients, indicating superiority of 5-FU/IFN over 5-FU monotherapy. Fluorouracil 48-52 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 146-149 1557651-4 1992 In esophageal cancer, two phase II studies with 5-FU/IFN reported seven (27%) objective remissions in 26 patients, indicating superiority of 5-FU/IFN over 5-FU monotherapy. Fluorouracil 141-145 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 53-56 1557651-4 1992 In esophageal cancer, two phase II studies with 5-FU/IFN reported seven (27%) objective remissions in 26 patients, indicating superiority of 5-FU/IFN over 5-FU monotherapy. Fluorouracil 141-145 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 53-56 1557651-7 1992 However, in gastric cancer, 5-FU/FA and 5-FU/IFN seem to induce higher complete and overall remission rates in advanced gastric cancer compared with 5-FU alone. Fluorouracil 40-44 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 45-48 1557651-7 1992 However, in gastric cancer, 5-FU/FA and 5-FU/IFN seem to induce higher complete and overall remission rates in advanced gastric cancer compared with 5-FU alone. Fluorouracil 40-44 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 45-48 1537082-6 1992 Although alpha IFN may enhance the toxicity of 5FU, the toxicity of this regimen remained manageable. Fluorouracil 47-50 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 15-18 1540167-1 1992 Interferon-alpha (IFN alpha) increases the cytotoxicity of 5-fluorouracil (FUra) in vitro, and the combination has clinical efficacy against advanced colorectal cancer. Fluorouracil 59-73 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 18-27 1540167-1 1992 Interferon-alpha (IFN alpha) increases the cytotoxicity of 5-fluorouracil (FUra) in vitro, and the combination has clinical efficacy against advanced colorectal cancer. Fluorouracil 75-79 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 18-27 1540167-2 1992 IFN alpha treatment of HT-29 colon carcinoma cells induced a greater than two-fold increase in the intracellular levels of the active metabolite of FUra, FdUMP. Fluorouracil 148-152 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 0-9 1540167-3 1992 Using cell extracts from HT-29 cells and FUra as substrate, IFN alpha produced a 1.9- and 8.7-fold increase, respectively, in the activities of uridine phosphorylase and pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase (PyNP). Fluorouracil 41-45 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 60-69 1540167-4 1992 Furthermore, the effect was selective for the conversion of FUra to FdUMP, as IFN alpha did not increase the cellular levels of FUTP, nor did it change the extent of incorporation of FUra into RNA (or DNA). Fluorouracil 60-64 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 78-87 1540167-5 1992 IFN alpha also had no effect on thymidine kinase activity, the second step in the activation of FUra. Fluorouracil 96-100 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 0-9 1540167-6 1992 Hence the effect of IFN alpha on PyNP activity is likely a critical biochemical event that modulates the cytotoxicity of FUra. Fluorouracil 121-125 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 20-29 1370257-4 1992 However, pretreatment of target cells with 5-FU increased their susceptibility to NK activity and abolished the protective effect induced by IFN against NK-CMC. Fluorouracil 43-47 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 141-144 2249187-2 1990 Preclinical data showed that the cytotoxic effects of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) are augmented by interferon (IFN). Fluorouracil 54-68 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 93-109 1421872-3 1992 Although IFN, given as 600,000 units/mouse daily sc x 14, and 5-FU, given as 60 mg/kg q4d x 3 ip, showed additive antitumor activity against Co-4, the thymidylate synthetase (TS) inhibition rate was unchanged in the tumors treated with the IFN/5-FU combination in comparison with those treated with 5-FU alone. Fluorouracil 62-66 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 240-243 1421872-3 1992 Although IFN, given as 600,000 units/mouse daily sc x 14, and 5-FU, given as 60 mg/kg q4d x 3 ip, showed additive antitumor activity against Co-4, the thymidylate synthetase (TS) inhibition rate was unchanged in the tumors treated with the IFN/5-FU combination in comparison with those treated with 5-FU alone. Fluorouracil 244-248 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 9-12 1421872-3 1992 Although IFN, given as 600,000 units/mouse daily sc x 14, and 5-FU, given as 60 mg/kg q4d x 3 ip, showed additive antitumor activity against Co-4, the thymidylate synthetase (TS) inhibition rate was unchanged in the tumors treated with the IFN/5-FU combination in comparison with those treated with 5-FU alone. Fluorouracil 244-248 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 9-12 1931710-5 1991 Due to multiplicity of mechanisms of action postulated for IFN alpha, the role of IFN alpha in the modulation of the cytotoxicity and therapeutic efficacy of FUra alone and in combination with CF has been evaluated in patients with advanced colorectal cancer and also in a variety of human cell lines in culture, including human colorectal cell lines, HCT-8, human bladder cell line RT-4 and leukaemia CEM cells. Fluorouracil 158-162 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 82-91 1931710-6 1991 The results obtained in patients demonstrated that indeed the antitumour activity of FUra can be improved by the addition of IFN alpha with a response range from 26% to 76%. Fluorouracil 85-89 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 125-134 1719644-13 1991 5-Fluorouracil also reverses the induction of human leukocyte antigens by IFN. Fluorouracil 0-14 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 74-77 1719644-14 1991 Studies in the resistance model suggest that high doses of 5-FU by infusion for several days might be the optimal method for modulation of IFN-induced effects. Fluorouracil 59-63 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 139-142 1781811-2 1991 IFN causes a highly significant change of the pharmacokinetic parameters of 5FU (p less than 0.001) compared to 5FU administration without IFN. Fluorouracil 76-79 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 0-3 2249187-2 1990 Preclinical data showed that the cytotoxic effects of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) are augmented by interferon (IFN). Fluorouracil 70-74 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 93-109 2249187-3 1990 In a small study, 13 of 17 patients with advanced colorectal cancer responded to a regimen of 5-FU with IFN. Fluorouracil 94-98 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 104-107 1697499-2 1990 To determine whether interferon (IFN) is capable of augmenting the cytotoxic and cytokinetic effects of FUra, combinations of FUra and IFN alpha, -beta, and -gamma were tested against 2 human colon cancer cell lines in vitro. Fluorouracil 104-108 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 21-31 1697499-3 1990 In a clonogenic assay, IFN alpha and -beta, at concentrations that produced less than 1 log cell kill, significantly increased the cytotoxic effects of FUra in both cell lines. Fluorouracil 152-156 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 23-42 1697499-10 1990 These results indicate that IFN is capable of increasing the cytotoxic actions of FUra and that this is separable from any cytokinetic effects produced by the interferons. Fluorouracil 82-86 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 28-31 29719589-4 2018 IFN expressed from OAd-hamIFN potentiated the cytotoxicity of radiation and chemotherapy (5-FU, Gemcitabine, and Cisplatin), and enhanced pancreatic cancer cell death in both in vitro and in vivo experimental settings. Fluorouracil 90-94 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 0-3 3416325-2 1988 In vitro immunochemistry studies showed that marked antitumor effects were obtained against cultured cancer cells when a widely used chemotherapeutic agent such as 5-FU was combined with nonsensitized spontaneously cytolytic MNC, preactivated in vitro with beta IFN. Fluorouracil 164-168 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 262-265 28591290-6 2017 (v) Primary topical 5-FU versus MMC versus interferon (IFN) showed similar rates of tumor recurrence, mild side effects for all drugs, and more severe side effects in the 5-FU arm, followed successively by MMC and IFN (level III, GR C). Fluorouracil 20-24 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 55-58 28591290-6 2017 (v) Primary topical 5-FU versus MMC versus interferon (IFN) showed similar rates of tumor recurrence, mild side effects for all drugs, and more severe side effects in the 5-FU arm, followed successively by MMC and IFN (level III, GR C). Fluorouracil 20-24 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 214-217 28591290-6 2017 (v) Primary topical 5-FU versus MMC versus interferon (IFN) showed similar rates of tumor recurrence, mild side effects for all drugs, and more severe side effects in the 5-FU arm, followed successively by MMC and IFN (level III, GR C). Fluorouracil 171-175 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 55-58