PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 21831529-0 2011 Spermidine may decrease ER stress in pancreatic beta cells and may reduce apoptosis via activating AMPK dependent autophagy pathway. Spermidine 0-10 protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1 Homo sapiens 99-103 21831529-10 2011 Hence either inhibition of mTOR or activation of AMPK by spermidine will play two crucial roles, first being the activation of autophagy and secondly the reduction of endoplasmic reticulum stress which will reduce beta cell death by apoptosis and thus can be a novel therapeutic candidate in the treatment of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes and preserving pancreatic beta cell mass. Spermidine 57-67 protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1 Homo sapiens 49-53