PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 23179203-0 2013 Six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 4 and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin expression in visceral adipose tissue is related to iron status and inflammation in human obesity. Iron 150-154 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 55-97 23179203-1 2013 PURPOSE: Six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate (STEAP)-4 and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) are novel adipokines related to iron homeostasis with potential roles in insulin resistance and inflammation. Iron 154-158 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 72-114 23179203-1 2013 PURPOSE: Six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate (STEAP)-4 and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) are novel adipokines related to iron homeostasis with potential roles in insulin resistance and inflammation. Iron 154-158 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 116-120 23179203-2 2013 The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effect of obesity and iron status on gene expression levels of STEAP-4 and NGAL in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and its implication in inflammation. Iron 70-74 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 123-127 23179203-8 2013 A negative correlation (P < 0.05) between free iron concentrations and gene expression levels of both STEAP4 and NGAL was found, while circulating ferritin concentrations were positively correlated (P < 0.05) with NGAL mRNA after body fat (BF) adjustment. Iron 50-54 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 116-120 23179203-10 2013 CONCLUSION: These findings represent the first observation that STEAP4 and NGAL mRNA and protein levels in human VAT are related to iron status. Iron 132-136 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 75-79 24018130-1 2013 Neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) protein is attracting a great interest because of its antibacterial properties played upon modulating iron content in competition against iron acquisition processes developed by pathogenic bacteria that bind selective ferric iron chelators (siderophores). Iron 152-156 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-42 24018130-1 2013 Neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) protein is attracting a great interest because of its antibacterial properties played upon modulating iron content in competition against iron acquisition processes developed by pathogenic bacteria that bind selective ferric iron chelators (siderophores). Iron 152-156 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 44-48 24018130-1 2013 Neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) protein is attracting a great interest because of its antibacterial properties played upon modulating iron content in competition against iron acquisition processes developed by pathogenic bacteria that bind selective ferric iron chelators (siderophores). Iron 188-192 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-42 24018130-1 2013 Neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) protein is attracting a great interest because of its antibacterial properties played upon modulating iron content in competition against iron acquisition processes developed by pathogenic bacteria that bind selective ferric iron chelators (siderophores). Iron 188-192 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 44-48 24018130-1 2013 Neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) protein is attracting a great interest because of its antibacterial properties played upon modulating iron content in competition against iron acquisition processes developed by pathogenic bacteria that bind selective ferric iron chelators (siderophores). Iron 188-192 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-42 24018130-1 2013 Neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) protein is attracting a great interest because of its antibacterial properties played upon modulating iron content in competition against iron acquisition processes developed by pathogenic bacteria that bind selective ferric iron chelators (siderophores). Iron 188-192 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 44-48 24018130-3 2013 The selective binding of Fe(III)-catechol ligands to NGAL is here studied by using iron coordination structures with one, two, and three catecholate ligands. Iron 83-87 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 53-57 23941109-4 2013 Moreover, BDH2 catalyzes the production of 2, 3-DHBA during enterobactin biosynthesis and participates in 24p3 (LCN2)-mediated iron transport and apoptosis. Iron 127-131 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 112-116 23670084-2 2013 In patients with kidney diseases, renal tubules are exposed to a high concentration of iron owing to increased glomerular filtration of iron and iron-containing proteins, including haemoglobin, transferrin and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL). Iron 87-91 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 210-252 23838697-2 2013 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) has 2 functions: one as an antibacterial host defense protein and the other as a physiological iron carrier. Iron 145-149 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-42 23838697-2 2013 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) has 2 functions: one as an antibacterial host defense protein and the other as a physiological iron carrier. Iron 145-149 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 44-48 23670084-2 2013 In patients with kidney diseases, renal tubules are exposed to a high concentration of iron owing to increased glomerular filtration of iron and iron-containing proteins, including haemoglobin, transferrin and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL). Iron 87-91 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 254-258 22614012-3 2013 Functionally, LCN2 has a number of different activities that may contribute to its oncogenic potential, including increasing matrix metalloproteinase activity, control of iron availability and stimulating inflammation. Iron 171-175 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 14-18 23946721-3 2013 Urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), part of an acute response to the release of tissue iron from cells, is an early biomarker and a predictor of AKI in a variety of clinical settings. Iron 108-112 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 6-48 23946721-3 2013 Urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), part of an acute response to the release of tissue iron from cells, is an early biomarker and a predictor of AKI in a variety of clinical settings. Iron 108-112 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 50-54 23946721-4 2013 We sought to evaluate the relationship between urine catalytic iron (unbound iron) and NGAL over the course of AKI due to cardiac surgery. Iron 63-67 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 87-91 23946721-4 2013 We sought to evaluate the relationship between urine catalytic iron (unbound iron) and NGAL over the course of AKI due to cardiac surgery. Iron 77-81 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 87-91 23946721-10 2013 The correlation between baseline levels of urine catalytic iron and NGAL and peak levels of urine catalytic iron and NGAL was r = 0.86, p < 0.0001. Iron 59-63 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 68-72 23946721-10 2013 The correlation between baseline levels of urine catalytic iron and NGAL and peak levels of urine catalytic iron and NGAL was r = 0.86, p < 0.0001. Iron 59-63 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 117-121 23946721-11 2013 CONCLUSION: Urine catalytic iron appears to rise and fall in concert with NGAL in patients undergoing cardiac surgery and may be indicative of early AKI. Iron 28-32 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 74-78 22614012-7 2013 We found that this increase was correlated to tumor iron(II) content, suggesting that an iron-scavenging role is important for LCN2 oncogenic activity in the intestine. Iron 52-56 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 127-131 23159059-0 2012 Lipocalin 2 bolsters innate and adaptive immune responses to blood-stage malaria infection by reinforcing host iron metabolism. Iron 111-115 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-11 23159854-3 2012 NGAL is considered as a siderocalin that is important in the transport of iron. Iron 74-78 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 23159059-3 2012 We determined that Lipocalin 2 (Lcn2), a host protein that sequesters iron, is abundantly secreted during human (P. vivax) and mouse (P. yoeliiNL) blood-stage malaria infections and is essential to control P. yoeliiNL parasitemia, anemia, and host survival. Iron 70-74 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 19-30 23159059-3 2012 We determined that Lipocalin 2 (Lcn2), a host protein that sequesters iron, is abundantly secreted during human (P. vivax) and mouse (P. yoeliiNL) blood-stage malaria infections and is essential to control P. yoeliiNL parasitemia, anemia, and host survival. Iron 70-74 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 32-36 23159059-6 2012 Thus, Lcn2 exerts antiparasitic effects by maintaining iron homeostasis and promoting innate and adaptive immune responses. Iron 55-59 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 6-10 23100449-1 2012 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL, a.k.a Lnc2) is a member of the lipocalin family which has diverse roles including stabilizing matrix metalloproteinase-9 from auto-degradation and as siderocalins which are important in the transport of iron. Iron 253-257 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-42 23100449-1 2012 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL, a.k.a Lnc2) is a member of the lipocalin family which has diverse roles including stabilizing matrix metalloproteinase-9 from auto-degradation and as siderocalins which are important in the transport of iron. Iron 253-257 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 44-48 22075378-1 2012 The innate immune molecule Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) was initially shown to combat bacterial infection by binding bacterial siderophores, hence impairing microbial iron sequestration. Iron 157-161 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 27-38 22728330-5 2012 Structure-function studies, imaging studies and clinical studies have revealed that NGAL-Siderocalin is an endogenous antimicrobial with iron scavenging activity. Iron 137-141 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 84-88 22513004-6 2012 Functional studies, conducted primarily on lipocalin 2 (Lcn2), the mouse homologue of human NGAL have revealed that Lcn2 has a strong affinity for iron complexed to both bacterial siderophores (iron-binding proteins) and certain human proteins like norepinephrine. Iron 147-151 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 92-96 22513004-6 2012 Functional studies, conducted primarily on lipocalin 2 (Lcn2), the mouse homologue of human NGAL have revealed that Lcn2 has a strong affinity for iron complexed to both bacterial siderophores (iron-binding proteins) and certain human proteins like norepinephrine. Iron 147-151 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 116-120 22513004-6 2012 Functional studies, conducted primarily on lipocalin 2 (Lcn2), the mouse homologue of human NGAL have revealed that Lcn2 has a strong affinity for iron complexed to both bacterial siderophores (iron-binding proteins) and certain human proteins like norepinephrine. Iron 194-198 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 92-96 22513004-6 2012 Functional studies, conducted primarily on lipocalin 2 (Lcn2), the mouse homologue of human NGAL have revealed that Lcn2 has a strong affinity for iron complexed to both bacterial siderophores (iron-binding proteins) and certain human proteins like norepinephrine. Iron 194-198 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 116-120 22513004-7 2012 By sequestering iron-laden siderophores, Lcn2 deprives bacteria of a vital nutrient and thus inhibits their growth (bacteriostatic effect). Iron 16-20 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 41-45 22513004-10 2012 By transporting iron into and out of the cell, NGAL also regulates iron responsive genes. Iron 16-20 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 47-51 22513004-10 2012 By transporting iron into and out of the cell, NGAL also regulates iron responsive genes. Iron 67-71 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 47-51 22075378-1 2012 The innate immune molecule Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) was initially shown to combat bacterial infection by binding bacterial siderophores, hence impairing microbial iron sequestration. Iron 157-161 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 40-44 22075378-3 2012 Herein, we discuss emerging evidence that substantiates two functional roles for LCN2 in cancer: promotion of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) that facilitates an invasive phenotype and metastasis, and sequestration of iron that results in cell survival and tumorigenesis. Iron 233-237 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 81-85 22652747-1 2012 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a protein involved in iron handling, has been recognized as a marker of inflammation. Iron 73-77 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-42 22627273-1 2012 BACKGROUND: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL, siderocalin) is a protein secreted by the kidney in the setting of acute kidney injury in an attempt to regulate and bind the release of catalytic iron from injured cells. Iron 209-213 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 12-54 22627273-1 2012 BACKGROUND: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL, siderocalin) is a protein secreted by the kidney in the setting of acute kidney injury in an attempt to regulate and bind the release of catalytic iron from injured cells. Iron 209-213 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 56-60 22038922-6 2012 Iron and BCL2-interacting mediator of cell death (BIM) protein were involved in LCN2-induced cell death sensitization, based on the studies using iron donor, chelator, siderophore, and short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated knockdown of bim expression. Iron 0-4 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 80-84 22038922-6 2012 Iron and BCL2-interacting mediator of cell death (BIM) protein were involved in LCN2-induced cell death sensitization, based on the studies using iron donor, chelator, siderophore, and short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated knockdown of bim expression. Iron 146-150 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 80-84 22371224-1 2012 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a protein which participates in iron trafficking and which is involved in cancerogenesis and cancer progression. Iron 85-89 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-42 22371224-1 2012 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a protein which participates in iron trafficking and which is involved in cancerogenesis and cancer progression. Iron 85-89 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 44-48 22652747-1 2012 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a protein involved in iron handling, has been recognized as a marker of inflammation. Iron 73-77 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 44-48 22973307-2 2012 Bacteria such as P. aeruginosa secrete siderophores (iron-chelating molecules) and the host limits bacterial growth by producing neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) that specifically scavenges bacterial siderophores, therefore preventing bacteria from establishing infection. Iron 53-57 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 173-177 23235391-1 2012 BACKGROUND: Neutrophil-gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL), a tubular injury marker, is associated with iron metabolism in hemodialysis patients. Iron 107-111 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 12-54 23235391-1 2012 BACKGROUND: Neutrophil-gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL), a tubular injury marker, is associated with iron metabolism in hemodialysis patients. Iron 107-111 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 56-60 22123561-1 2011 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a glycoprotein of 25 kDa belonging to the superfamily of lipocalins, which counts low molecular mass proteins having the capacity to fix the iron. Iron 194-198 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-42 22928018-1 2012 Siderocalin (also lipocalin 2, NGAL or 24p3) binds iron as complexes with specific siderophores, which are low molecular weight, ferric ion-specific chelators. Iron 51-55 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 18-29 22928018-1 2012 Siderocalin (also lipocalin 2, NGAL or 24p3) binds iron as complexes with specific siderophores, which are low molecular weight, ferric ion-specific chelators. Iron 51-55 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 31-35 22928018-1 2012 Siderocalin (also lipocalin 2, NGAL or 24p3) binds iron as complexes with specific siderophores, which are low molecular weight, ferric ion-specific chelators. Iron 51-55 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 39-43 22123561-1 2011 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a glycoprotein of 25 kDa belonging to the superfamily of lipocalins, which counts low molecular mass proteins having the capacity to fix the iron. Iron 194-198 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 44-48 20504881-0 2010 Parenteral iron formulations differentially affect MCP-1, HO-1, and NGAL gene expression and renal responses to injury. Iron 11-15 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 68-72 21683107-1 2011 Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) is produced by mammalian hosts to bind bacterial siderophore and sequester free iron as part of an innate immune response, and could also play a role in tissue iron homeostasis, but thus far, little is known about its expression in the CNS. Iron 99-103 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-11 21683107-1 2011 Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) is produced by mammalian hosts to bind bacterial siderophore and sequester free iron as part of an innate immune response, and could also play a role in tissue iron homeostasis, but thus far, little is known about its expression in the CNS. Iron 99-103 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 13-17 21683107-1 2011 Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) is produced by mammalian hosts to bind bacterial siderophore and sequester free iron as part of an innate immune response, and could also play a role in tissue iron homeostasis, but thus far, little is known about its expression in the CNS. Iron 179-183 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-11 21683107-1 2011 Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) is produced by mammalian hosts to bind bacterial siderophore and sequester free iron as part of an innate immune response, and could also play a role in tissue iron homeostasis, but thus far, little is known about its expression in the CNS. Iron 179-183 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 13-17 21421891-1 2011 OBJECTIVE: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a ubiquitous lipocalin that serves as a critical component of innate immunity and a transport shuttle for numerous substances (retinoids, arachidonic acid, prostaglandins, fatty acids, steroids, iron, and MMPs). Iron 259-263 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 11-53 21421891-1 2011 OBJECTIVE: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a ubiquitous lipocalin that serves as a critical component of innate immunity and a transport shuttle for numerous substances (retinoids, arachidonic acid, prostaglandins, fatty acids, steroids, iron, and MMPs). Iron 259-263 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 55-59 21420718-3 2011 In the present study, we analyzed and compared the immunohistochemical expression of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, an iron-binding protein, which is involved in colorectal cancer progression, in series a of 29 surgically resected colorectal carcinomas obtained from patients who died of the disease and in a cohort of 22 colorectal cancers from patients alive 5 years after the initial diagnosis. Iron 132-136 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 85-127 21763306-1 2011 BACKGROUND: We previously reported the overexpression of lipocalin2 (LCN2), a 25kDa secretory protein involved in iron-transportation, in endometrial carcinoma and its possible contribution to endometrial carcinogenesis. Iron 114-118 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 57-67 21763306-1 2011 BACKGROUND: We previously reported the overexpression of lipocalin2 (LCN2), a 25kDa secretory protein involved in iron-transportation, in endometrial carcinoma and its possible contribution to endometrial carcinogenesis. Iron 114-118 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 69-73 22419934-5 2010 In univariate analysis, NGAL correlated with serum cystatin C, number of pregnancies, white blood cell count, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), ferritin, and IL-6, and tended to correlate with eGFR. Iron 116-120 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 24-28 20504881-12 2010 We conclude that 1) parenteral iron formulations that stimulate redox signaling can evoke cyto/nephrotoxicity; 2) secondary adaptive responses to this injury (e.g., HO-1/NGAL induction) can initiate a renal tubular cytoresistant state; this suggests a potential new clinical application for intravenous Fe therapy; and 3) FMX is bioneutral regarding these responses. Iron 31-35 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 170-174 20581821-7 2010 As catechols derive from bacterial and mammalian metabolism of dietary compounds, the Scn-Ngal-catechol-Fe(III) complex represents an unforeseen microbial-host interaction, which mimics Scn-Ngal-siderophore interactions but instead traffics iron in aseptic tissues. Iron 241-245 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 90-94 20581821-7 2010 As catechols derive from bacterial and mammalian metabolism of dietary compounds, the Scn-Ngal-catechol-Fe(III) complex represents an unforeseen microbial-host interaction, which mimics Scn-Ngal-siderophore interactions but instead traffics iron in aseptic tissues. Iron 241-245 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 190-194 20581821-0 2010 Iron traffics in circulation bound to a siderocalin (Ngal)-catechol complex. Iron 0-4 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 53-57 20424477-1 2010 BACKGROUND: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) binds small, iron-carrying molecules - siderophores. Iron 75-79 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 12-54 20581821-2 2010 Scn-Ngal (also known as neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin, siderocalin, lipocalin 2) sequesters bacterial iron chelators, called siderophores, and consequently blocks bacterial growth. Iron 115-119 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 4-8 20581821-2 2010 Scn-Ngal (also known as neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin, siderocalin, lipocalin 2) sequesters bacterial iron chelators, called siderophores, and consequently blocks bacterial growth. Iron 115-119 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 24-66 20581821-2 2010 Scn-Ngal (also known as neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin, siderocalin, lipocalin 2) sequesters bacterial iron chelators, called siderophores, and consequently blocks bacterial growth. Iron 115-119 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 81-92 20581821-4 2010 Using chemical screens, crystallography and fluorescence methods, we report that Scn-Ngal binds iron together with a small metabolic product called catechol. Iron 96-100 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 85-89 20581821-6 2010 Scn-Ngal then recycled its iron in endosomes by a pH-sensitive mechanism. Iron 27-31 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 4-8 20596614-1 2010 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a 25 kDa protein with roles in iron trafficking as well as in carcinogenesis and progression of several human neoplasias. Iron 84-88 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-42 20596614-1 2010 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a 25 kDa protein with roles in iron trafficking as well as in carcinogenesis and progression of several human neoplasias. Iron 84-88 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 44-48 19540040-3 2010 For instance, acting as an intracellular iron carrier and protecting MMP9 from proteolytic degradation, NGAL has a clear pro-tumoral effect, as has already been observed in different tumors (e.g. breast, stomach, oesophagus, brain) in humans. Iron 41-45 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 104-108 20447525-7 2010 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin participates in local iron transport. Iron 65-69 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-42 20086155-0 2010 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin expresses antimicrobial activity by interfering with L-norepinephrine-mediated bacterial iron acquisition. Iron 132-136 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-42 20086155-2 2010 Iron complexes of NE resemble those of bacterial siderophores that are scavenged by human neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as part of the innate immune defense. Iron 0-4 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 90-132 20086155-2 2010 Iron complexes of NE resemble those of bacterial siderophores that are scavenged by human neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as part of the innate immune defense. Iron 0-4 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 134-138 20086155-3 2010 Here, we show that NGAL binds iron-complexed NE, indicating physiological relevance for both bacterial and human iron metabolism. Iron 30-34 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 19-23 20086155-3 2010 Here, we show that NGAL binds iron-complexed NE, indicating physiological relevance for both bacterial and human iron metabolism. Iron 113-117 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 19-23 20086155-11 2010 This study demonstrates for the first time that human NGAL not only neutralizes pathogen-derived virulence factors but also can effectively scavenge an iron-chelate complex abundant in the host. Iron 152-156 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 54-58 20057160-1 2010 BACKGROUND: Lipocalin-2/neutrophil gelatinase-B associated lipocalin (Lcn2/NGAL) is involved in the transport of iron and seems to play an important role in inflammation. Iron 113-117 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 12-23 20057160-1 2010 BACKGROUND: Lipocalin-2/neutrophil gelatinase-B associated lipocalin (Lcn2/NGAL) is involved in the transport of iron and seems to play an important role in inflammation. Iron 113-117 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 70-74 20057160-1 2010 BACKGROUND: Lipocalin-2/neutrophil gelatinase-B associated lipocalin (Lcn2/NGAL) is involved in the transport of iron and seems to play an important role in inflammation. Iron 113-117 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 75-79 20121435-2 2010 The mammalian innate immunity protein lipocalin 2 (Lcn2; also known as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, 24p3, or siderocalin) binds the siderophore carboxymycobactin, an essential component of the iron acquisition apparatus of mycobacteria. Iron 208-212 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 38-49 20121435-2 2010 The mammalian innate immunity protein lipocalin 2 (Lcn2; also known as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, 24p3, or siderocalin) binds the siderophore carboxymycobactin, an essential component of the iron acquisition apparatus of mycobacteria. Iron 208-212 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 51-55 20121435-2 2010 The mammalian innate immunity protein lipocalin 2 (Lcn2; also known as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, 24p3, or siderocalin) binds the siderophore carboxymycobactin, an essential component of the iron acquisition apparatus of mycobacteria. Iron 208-212 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 71-113 20502037-4 2010 The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge dealing with a possible role of hepcidin and NGAL in iron metabolism and its regulation, particularly in kidney disease. Iron 114-118 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 106-110 20502037-7 2010 NGAL binds siderophores, thereby preventing iron uptake by bacteria. Iron 44-48 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 20424477-10 2010 NGAL could reflect both kidney function and iron metabolism. Iron 44-48 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 20424477-11 2010 Taking into account the antimicrobial properties of NGAL, further studies are needed to address the role of NGAL in iron metabolism and inflammation in renal failure. Iron 116-120 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 108-112 20424477-1 2010 BACKGROUND: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) binds small, iron-carrying molecules - siderophores. Iron 75-79 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 56-60 19077278-1 2008 BACKGROUND: Lipocalin 2, an iron binding protein, is abnormally expressed in some malignant human cancers and may play an important role in tumor metastasis. Iron 28-32 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 12-23 19549696-2 2009 METHODS: The aim of the present study was to evaluate serum levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a small siderophore-binding protein, in a cohort of 56 chronic HD patients in order to determine its possible relationships with iron status. Iron 250-254 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 70-112 19549696-2 2009 METHODS: The aim of the present study was to evaluate serum levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a small siderophore-binding protein, in a cohort of 56 chronic HD patients in order to determine its possible relationships with iron status. Iron 250-254 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 114-118 19549696-4 2009 iron administration significantly increased NGAL values from baseline. Iron 0-4 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 44-48 19549696-7 2009 CONCLUSIONS: The findings demonstrated that HD patients have altered NGAL values probably because this protein is involved in the maintenance of iron equilibrium. Iron 145-149 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 69-73 19549696-8 2009 Finally, NGAL might be proposed as a new tool in the assessment of iron deficiency and in the management of iron therapy for HD patients. Iron 67-71 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 9-13 19308044-5 2009 Furthermore, we observed that the NGAL-overexpressing cells tolerated increased iron levels in the culture environment, whereas the NGAL-underexpressing cells showed significant cell death after prolonged incubation in high-iron condition. Iron 110-114 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 34-38 19152427-0 2009 Is the iron donor lipocalin 2 implicated in the pathophysiology of hereditary hemochromatosis? Iron 7-11 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 18-29 19055468-1 2009 BACKGROUND: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), an iron-transporting protein rapidly accumulating in the kidney tubules and urine after nephrotoxic and ischemic insults, has been put forward as an early, sensitive, non-invasive biomarker for acute kidney injury (AKI). Iron 66-70 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 12-54 19055468-1 2009 BACKGROUND: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), an iron-transporting protein rapidly accumulating in the kidney tubules and urine after nephrotoxic and ischemic insults, has been put forward as an early, sensitive, non-invasive biomarker for acute kidney injury (AKI). Iron 66-70 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 56-60 20502037-11 2010 Taking into account the antimicrobial moieties of NGAL, further studies are needed to address the role of NGAL in iron metabolism and inflammation in renal failure. Iron 114-118 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 106-110 19549696-0 2009 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) reflects iron status in haemodialysis patients. Iron 59-63 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-42 19549696-0 2009 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) reflects iron status in haemodialysis patients. Iron 59-63 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 44-48 19308044-5 2009 Furthermore, we observed that the NGAL-overexpressing cells tolerated increased iron levels in the culture environment, whereas the NGAL-underexpressing cells showed significant cell death after prolonged incubation in high-iron condition. Iron 80-84 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 34-38 19308044-6 2009 Thus, overexpressing NGAL in colon carcinomas is an important regulatory molecule that integrates extracellular environment cues, iron metabolism, and intracellular small GTPase signaling in cancer migration and invasion. Iron 115-119 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 21-25 18064607-1 2008 Lipocalin 2 (LCN2), a secreted protein of the lipocalin family, induces apoptosis in some types of cells and inhibits bacterial growth by sequestration of the iron-laden bacterial siderophore. Iron 159-163 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-11 18768801-7 2008 In addition, we show that the prosurvival activity of NGAL is mediated by its ability to bind and transport iron inside the cells. Iron 108-112 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 54-58 18768801-8 2008 Our data suggest that NF-kappaB contributes to thyroid tumor cell survival by controlling iron uptake via NGAL. Iron 90-94 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 106-110 18725016-3 2008 The increase in NGAL production and release from tubular cells after harmful stimuli of various kinds may have self-defensive intent based on the activation of specific iron-dependent pathways, which in all probability also represent the mechanism through which NGAL promotes kidney growth and differentiation. Iron 169-173 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 16-20 18725016-3 2008 The increase in NGAL production and release from tubular cells after harmful stimuli of various kinds may have self-defensive intent based on the activation of specific iron-dependent pathways, which in all probability also represent the mechanism through which NGAL promotes kidney growth and differentiation. Iron 169-173 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 262-266 18519167-1 2008 Lipocalin 2 (Lcn2), a mammalian protein that is expressed and secreted in various pathologic states, binds siderophores, which are high-affinity iron chelators. Iron 145-149 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-11 18519167-1 2008 Lipocalin 2 (Lcn2), a mammalian protein that is expressed and secreted in various pathologic states, binds siderophores, which are high-affinity iron chelators. Iron 145-149 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 13-17 18519167-2 2008 Besides its role in limiting iron availability to pathogens in the setting of bacterial infection, Lcn2:siderophore complexes can also deliver iron to cells. Iron 29-33 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 99-103 18519167-2 2008 Besides its role in limiting iron availability to pathogens in the setting of bacterial infection, Lcn2:siderophore complexes can also deliver iron to cells. Iron 143-147 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 99-103 18519167-4 2008 Anemia induced by phlebotomy, iron deprivation, or phenylhydrazine treatment was associated with upregulation of Lcn2 gene expression in the liver and elevation of serum Lcn2 protein levels. Iron 30-34 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 113-117 18519167-4 2008 Anemia induced by phlebotomy, iron deprivation, or phenylhydrazine treatment was associated with upregulation of Lcn2 gene expression in the liver and elevation of serum Lcn2 protein levels. Iron 30-34 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 170-174 18519167-7 2008 The upregulation of Lcn2 levels by anemia and hypoxia, which is not directly mediated by iron or erythropoietin, suggests a possible physiological role for Lcn2 during increased iron utilization and mobilization from stores. Iron 178-182 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 20-24 18519167-7 2008 The upregulation of Lcn2 levels by anemia and hypoxia, which is not directly mediated by iron or erythropoietin, suggests a possible physiological role for Lcn2 during increased iron utilization and mobilization from stores. Iron 178-182 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 156-160 18064607-1 2008 Lipocalin 2 (LCN2), a secreted protein of the lipocalin family, induces apoptosis in some types of cells and inhibits bacterial growth by sequestration of the iron-laden bacterial siderophore. Iron 159-163 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 13-17 17607367-6 2007 The neutrophil peptides cathelicidin LL-37 and lipocalin 2 restricted growth of the organism, the latter in an iron-dependent manner. Iron 111-115 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 47-58 17895910-1 2008 Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) is able to sequester iron-loaded bacterial siderophores and, therefore, is known to participate in the mammalian innate immune response. Iron 40-44 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-11 17895910-1 2008 Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) is able to sequester iron-loaded bacterial siderophores and, therefore, is known to participate in the mammalian innate immune response. Iron 40-44 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 13-17 18190883-3 2008 Lipocalin-2 may play a protective role in the context of renal insults through the induction or prevention of apoptosis by an iron-transport dependent mechanism. Iron 126-130 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-11 16775460-0 2006 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin-mediated iron traffic in kidney epithelia. Iron 52-56 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-42 17253959-1 2007 Recent studies suggest that NGAL (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin) is a novel iron transporter with functions distinct from that of transferrin and mediates a new iron-delivery pathway. Iron 89-93 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 28-32 17253959-1 2007 Recent studies suggest that NGAL (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin) is a novel iron transporter with functions distinct from that of transferrin and mediates a new iron-delivery pathway. Iron 89-93 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 34-76 18449360-1 2007 Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) is a lipocalin that is well known for its functions as a shuttle for iron and siderophores, which comprises a critical component of innate immunity to exogenous bacterial infections. Iron 119-123 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-42 18449360-1 2007 Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) is a lipocalin that is well known for its functions as a shuttle for iron and siderophores, which comprises a critical component of innate immunity to exogenous bacterial infections. Iron 119-123 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 44-48 16775460-2 2006 NGAL is the first known mammalian protein which specifically binds organic molecules called siderophores, which are high-affinity iron chelators. Iron 130-134 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 16775460-6 2006 Additionally, only when complexed with siderophore and iron as a trimer, NGAL induces mesenchymal-epithelial transition (or nephron formation) in embryonic kidney in vitro and protects adult kidney from ischemia-reperfusion injury in vivo. Iron 55-59 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 73-77 16775460-7 2006 While the structure of the NGAL: siderophore: iron complex has thus far only been solved for bacterially synthesized siderophores, new evidence suggests the presence of mammalian siderophore-like molecules. Iron 46-50 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 27-31 16775460-8 2006 SUMMARY: NGAL is rapidly and massively induced in renal epithelial injury and NGAL: siderophore: iron complexes may comprise a physiological renoprotective mechanism. Iron 97-101 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 78-82 12788784-5 2003 We review the data showing that lipocalins transport low-molecular-weight chemical signals and data indicating that 24p3/NGAL transports iron. Iron 137-141 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 121-125 16622025-1 2006 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a siderophore-binding protein that exerts a bacteriostatic effect by sequestering iron. Iron 135-139 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-42 16622025-1 2006 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a siderophore-binding protein that exerts a bacteriostatic effect by sequestering iron. Iron 135-139 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 44-48 15691834-5 2005 Lipocalin 2 action was enhanced by iron-siderophore. Iron 35-39 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-11 15531878-0 2004 Lipocalin 2 mediates an innate immune response to bacterial infection by sequestrating iron. Iron 87-91 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-11 15531878-7 2004 Upon encountering invading bacteria the Toll-like receptors on immune cells stimulate the transcription, translation and secretion of lipocalin 2; secreted lipocalin 2 then limits bacterial growth by sequestrating the iron-laden siderophore. Iron 218-222 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 156-167 15282194-3 2004 The reporters were also sufficiently sensitive to distinguish apo- from holotransferrin in the medium, to detect the effect of modifiers of the transferrin pathway such as HFE, and to detect the donation or chelation of iron by siderophores bound to the lipocalin neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (Ngal). Iron 220-224 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 308-312 14627119-4 2003 In contrast, 24p3/Ngal targets early progenitors at the kidney"s periphery through an iron-mediated, but a transferrin-independent mechanism. Iron 86-90 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 18-22 15637066-2 2005 In the present study, we demonstrate that HGF stimulates epithelial cells to express neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (Ngal), a member of the lipocalin family of secreted proteins that has recently been shown to participate in mesenchymal-epithelial transformation via its ability to augment cellular iron uptake. Iron 311-315 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 85-127 15637066-2 2005 In the present study, we demonstrate that HGF stimulates epithelial cells to express neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (Ngal), a member of the lipocalin family of secreted proteins that has recently been shown to participate in mesenchymal-epithelial transformation via its ability to augment cellular iron uptake. Iron 311-315 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 129-133 15637066-3 2005 At concentrations below those found to mediate iron transport, purified Ngal can induce a promigratory and probranching effect that is dependent on ERK activation. Iron 47-51 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 72-76 15670845-0 2005 The endocytic receptor megalin binds the iron transporting neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin with high affinity and mediates its cellular uptake. Iron 41-45 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 59-101 15670845-2 2005 NGAL binds bacterial siderophores preventing bacteria from retrieving iron from this source. Iron 70-74 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 15670845-3 2005 Also, NGAL may be important in delivering iron to cells during formation of the tubular epithelial cells of the primordial kidney. Iron 42-46 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 6-10 12788784-6 2003 We compare 24p3/NGAL to transferrin and a variety of other iron trafficking pathways and suggest specific roles for each in iron transport. Iron 59-63 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 16-20 12788784-6 2003 We compare 24p3/NGAL to transferrin and a variety of other iron trafficking pathways and suggest specific roles for each in iron transport. Iron 124-128 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 16-20 35404886-2 2022 Mounting clinical and experimental evidence also suggest that E2 modulates cellular iron metabolism by regulating the expression of several iron regulatory genes, including hepcidin (HAMP), hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha, ferroportin (SLC40A1), and lipocalin (LCN2). Iron 140-144 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 262-266 12453412-0 2002 The neutrophil lipocalin NGAL is a bacteriostatic agent that interferes with siderophore-mediated iron acquisition. Iron 98-102 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 25-29 12453412-4 2002 Here we report that NGAL tightly binds bacterial catecholate-type ferric siderophores through a cyclically permuted, hybrid electrostatic/cation-pi interaction and is a potent bacteriostatic agent in iron-limiting conditions. Iron 200-204 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 20-24 12453412-5 2002 We therefore propose that NGAL participates in the antibacterial iron depletion strategy of the innate immune system. Iron 65-69 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 26-30 12453413-2 2002 We show that a member of the lipocalin superfamily (24p3/Ngal) delivers iron to the cytoplasm where it activates or represses iron-responsive genes. Iron 72-76 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 57-61 12453413-2 2002 We show that a member of the lipocalin superfamily (24p3/Ngal) delivers iron to the cytoplasm where it activates or represses iron-responsive genes. Iron 126-130 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 57-61 12453413-3 2002 Iron unloading depends on the cycling of 24p3/Ngal through acidic endosomes, but its pH sensitivity and its subcellular targeting differed from transferrin. Iron 0-4 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 46-50 34939797-0 2022 Surface Plasmon Resonance Identifies High-Affinity Binding of l-DOPA to Siderocalin/Lipocalin-2 through Iron-Siderophore Action: Implications for Parkinson"s Disease Treatment. Iron 104-108 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 84-95 34939797-4 2022 Catechol siderophore-like compounds are known to bind siderocalin (Scn)/lipocalin-2 to form stable siderophore:Fe:Scn complexes. Iron 111-113 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 72-83 34251495-6 2022 Urinary proteins that best discriminated between febrile children with and without UTI were NGAL, a protein that exerts a local bacteriostatic role in the urinary tract through iron chelation; CCL3, a chemokine involved in leukocyte recruitment; and IL-8, a cytokine involved in neutrophil recruitment. Iron 177-181 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 92-96 34468208-2 2021 LCN2 mediates the innate immune response to pathogens by sequestering iron, thereby inhibiting pathogen growth. Iron 70-74 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 34146401-1 2021 Lipocalin 2 is a siderophore binding protein that regulates iron homeostasis. Iron 60-64 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-11 34146401-4 2021 Lipocalin 2 inhibits ferroptosis by decreasing intracellular iron levels and stimulating the expression of glutathione peroxidase4 and a component of the cysteine glutamate antiporter, xCT. Iron 61-65 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-11 35040039-1 2022 Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is an important regulator of both neuroinflammation and iron homeostasis. Iron 75-79 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-11 35040039-1 2022 Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is an important regulator of both neuroinflammation and iron homeostasis. Iron 75-79 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 13-17 35040039-3 2022 In the present study, we reported iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO) abolished lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced LCN2 upregulation in primary astrocytes, although iron overload had no effects. Iron 34-38 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 110-114 33808732-0 2021 Iron-Bound Lipocalin-2 from Tumor-Associated Macrophages Drives Breast Cancer Progression Independent of Ferroportin. Iron 0-4 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 11-22 33808732-1 2021 Macrophages supply iron to the breast tumor microenvironment by enforced secretion of lipocalin-2 (Lcn-2)-bound iron as well as the increased expression of the iron exporter ferroportin (FPN). Iron 19-23 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 86-97 33808732-1 2021 Macrophages supply iron to the breast tumor microenvironment by enforced secretion of lipocalin-2 (Lcn-2)-bound iron as well as the increased expression of the iron exporter ferroportin (FPN). Iron 19-23 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 99-104 33808732-5 2021 While the total iron amount in wildtype and Lcn-2-/- PyMT tumors showed no difference, we observed that tumor-associated macrophages from Lcn-2-/- compared to wildtype tumors stored more iron. Iron 187-191 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 138-143 33808732-6 2021 In contrast, Lcn-2-/- tumor cells accumulated less iron than their wildtype counterparts, translating into a low migratory and proliferative capacity of Lcn-2-/- tumor cells in a 3D tumor spheroid model in vitro. Iron 51-55 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 13-18 33808732-7 2021 Our data suggest a pivotal role of Lcn-2 in tumor iron-management, affecting tumor growth. Iron 50-54 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 35-40 33799862-4 2021 Lipocalin-2 (LCN2), which is a part of the lipocalin transport protein family, is a protein formally known for its role in iron transport and in inflammatory response. Iron 123-127 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-11 33799862-4 2021 Lipocalin-2 (LCN2), which is a part of the lipocalin transport protein family, is a protein formally known for its role in iron transport and in inflammatory response. Iron 123-127 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 13-17 27366792-5 2014 This mechanism involves production and release of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin by alpha-intercalated cells to chelate the siderophore containing host iron to achieve bacteriostasis. Iron 164-168 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 50-92 34493724-3 2021 The expression of two iron metabolic genes (FPN and LCN2) was selectively knocked down in cancer cells by Cas13a or microRNA controlled by a NF-kappaB-specific promoter. Iron 22-26 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 52-56 34325073-5 2021 Experimental studies indicate that Lcn2 contributes to various neuropathophysiological processes of age-related CNS diseases, including exacerbated neuroinflammation, cell death and iron dysregulation, which may negatively impact cognitive function. Iron 182-186 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 35-39 33536353-1 2021 Background: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and hepcidin-25 are involved in catalytic iron-related kidney injury after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Iron 104-108 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 12-54 33536353-1 2021 Background: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and hepcidin-25 are involved in catalytic iron-related kidney injury after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Iron 104-108 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 56-60 34248600-0 2021 Association Between Iron-Related Protein Lipocalin 2 and Cognitive Impairment in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Serum. Iron 20-24 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 41-52 34248600-4 2021 Lipocalin 2 (LCN2), an iron-related protein, has been suggested as a potential marker for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD. Iron 23-27 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-11 34248600-4 2021 Lipocalin 2 (LCN2), an iron-related protein, has been suggested as a potential marker for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD. Iron 23-27 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 13-17 34069743-0 2021 Iron-Bound Lipocalin-2 Protects Renal Cell Carcinoma from Ferroptosis. Iron 0-4 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 11-22 34069743-1 2021 While the importance of the iron-load of lipocalin-2 (Lcn-2) in promoting tumor progression is widely appreciated, underlying molecular mechanisms largely remain elusive. Iron 28-32 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 41-52 34069743-1 2021 While the importance of the iron-load of lipocalin-2 (Lcn-2) in promoting tumor progression is widely appreciated, underlying molecular mechanisms largely remain elusive. Iron 28-32 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 54-59 34069743-2 2021 Considering its role as an iron-transporter, we aimed at clarifying iron-loaded, holo-Lcn-2 (hLcn-2)-dependent signaling pathways in affecting renal cancer cell viability. Iron 68-72 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 93-99 34069743-10 2021 Our study provides mechanistic details to better understand tumor pro-survival pathways initiated by iron-loaded Lcn-2. Iron 101-105 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 113-118 33319934-7 2021 All of these findings suggested that LTCC and TTCC play crucial roles in the Fe2+ uptake, whereas LCN-2 and LCN-2R were essential for Fe3+ uptake into the cardiomyocytes under iron overload conditions. Iron 176-180 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 98-103 35088955-4 2022 The neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a marker of neutrophil formation and acts as a siderophore-binding protein to prevent bacterial iron uptake and its use as a marker in the diagnosis and follow-up of bacterial infections is being investigated. Iron 153-157 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 4-46 35088955-4 2022 The neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a marker of neutrophil formation and acts as a siderophore-binding protein to prevent bacterial iron uptake and its use as a marker in the diagnosis and follow-up of bacterial infections is being investigated. Iron 153-157 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 48-52 35574260-5 2022 Here, we use atomic force microscopy-based single-molecule force spectroscopy (AFM-SMFS) to measure the stability of protein neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (also known as NGAL, siderocalin, lipocalin 2) that can bind iron through the cation-pi interactions between its three cationic residues and the iron-binding tri-catechols. Iron 229-233 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 125-167 35574260-5 2022 Here, we use atomic force microscopy-based single-molecule force spectroscopy (AFM-SMFS) to measure the stability of protein neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (also known as NGAL, siderocalin, lipocalin 2) that can bind iron through the cation-pi interactions between its three cationic residues and the iron-binding tri-catechols. Iron 229-233 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 202-213 35574260-5 2022 Here, we use atomic force microscopy-based single-molecule force spectroscopy (AFM-SMFS) to measure the stability of protein neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (also known as NGAL, siderocalin, lipocalin 2) that can bind iron through the cation-pi interactions between its three cationic residues and the iron-binding tri-catechols. Iron 313-317 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 125-167 35574260-5 2022 Here, we use atomic force microscopy-based single-molecule force spectroscopy (AFM-SMFS) to measure the stability of protein neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (also known as NGAL, siderocalin, lipocalin 2) that can bind iron through the cation-pi interactions between its three cationic residues and the iron-binding tri-catechols. Iron 313-317 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 202-213 35574260-7 2022 Then, the same NGAL but bound with the iron-catechol complexes through the cation-pi interactions as a holo-form was characterized. Iron 39-43 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 15-19 33065981-0 2020 Macrophage-Derived Iron-Bound Lipocalin-2 Correlates with Renal Recovery Markers Following Sepsis-Induced Kidney Damage. Iron 19-23 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 30-41 33319934-0 2021 Silencing of lipocalin-2 improves cardiomyocyte viability under iron overload conditions via decreasing mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. Iron 64-68 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 13-24 33319934-1 2021 This study aimed to investigate the mechanistic roles of LCN-2 and LCN-2 receptors (LCN-2R) as iron transporters in cardiomyocytes under iron overload condition. Iron 95-99 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 57-62 33319934-1 2021 This study aimed to investigate the mechanistic roles of LCN-2 and LCN-2 receptors (LCN-2R) as iron transporters in cardiomyocytes under iron overload condition. Iron 137-141 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 57-62 33319934-4 2021 Silencing of lipocalin-2 or its receptor improved cardiomyocyte viability via decreasing iron uptake, mitochondrial fission, mitophagy and cleaved caspase-3 only in the Fe3+ overload condition. Iron 89-93 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 13-24 33945675-0 2021 Lipocalin 2 regulates iron homeostasis, neuroinflammation, and insulin resistance in the brains of patients with dementia: Evidence from the current literature. Iron 22-26 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-11 33945675-4 2021 LCN2 is a neutrophil gelatinase-associated protein that influences diverse cellular processes, including the immune system, iron homeostasis, lipid metabolism, and inflammatory responses. Iron 124-128 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 32959226-5 2021 Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) is involved in the control of innate immune responses, regulation of excess iron, and reactive oxygen production. Iron 95-99 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-11 32959226-5 2021 Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) is involved in the control of innate immune responses, regulation of excess iron, and reactive oxygen production. Iron 95-99 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 13-17 33449164-2 2021 We questioned that whether LCN2 might also associate exogenous iron chelator as does in inherent way and the association may influence their respective function. Iron 63-67 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 27-31 33449164-7 2021 Undergoing epithelium-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a crucial step for cancer metastasis, LCN2 and DpdtC had opposite effects on EMT markers, the binding of DpdtC to LCN2 significantly weakened the regulation of it (or its iron chelate) on EMT markers. Iron 225-229 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 168-172 33449164-8 2021 To insight into the interaction between LCN2 and DpdtC-iron, fluorescence titration and molecular docking were performed to obtain the association constant (~ 104 M-1) and thermodynamic parameters (DeltaG = - 26.10 kJ/mol). Iron 55-59 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 40-44 33951946-1 2021 Lipocalin-2 mediates neuro-inflammation and iron homeostasis in vascular injuries of the central nervous system (CNS) and is upregulated in extra-CNS systemic inflammation. Iron 44-48 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-11 33171063-2 2020 Bacteria synthesize siderophores to sequester host iron, whereas lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) is the host defense protein that prevent this iron thievery. Iron 130-134 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 65-76 33171063-2 2020 Bacteria synthesize siderophores to sequester host iron, whereas lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) is the host defense protein that prevent this iron thievery. Iron 130-134 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 78-82 33171063-6 2020 Using three human IEC cell-lines with differential basal levels of Lcn2 (i.e. HT29 < DLD-1 < Caco-2/BBe), we demonstrated that iron-free Ent could induce a dose-dependent secretion of the pro-inflammatory chemokine, interleukin 8 (IL-8), in HT29 and DLD-1 IECs, but not in Caco-2/BBe. Iron 127-131 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 67-71 33065981-3 2020 Taking into account that Lcn-2 binds and transports iron with high affinity, we aimed at clarifying if Lcn-2 fulfills different biological functions according to its iron-loading status and its cellular source during sepsis-induced kidney failure. Iron 52-56 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 25-30 33065981-3 2020 Taking into account that Lcn-2 binds and transports iron with high affinity, we aimed at clarifying if Lcn-2 fulfills different biological functions according to its iron-loading status and its cellular source during sepsis-induced kidney failure. Iron 166-170 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 103-108 32675368-0 2020 Cancer cells deploy lipocalin-2 to collect limiting iron in leptomeningeal metastasis. Iron 52-56 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 20-31 32675368-4 2020 We found that cancer cells, but not macrophages, within the CSF express the iron-binding protein lipocalin-2 (LCN2) and its receptor SCL22A17. Iron 76-80 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 97-108 32675368-4 2020 We found that cancer cells, but not macrophages, within the CSF express the iron-binding protein lipocalin-2 (LCN2) and its receptor SCL22A17. Iron 76-80 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 110-114 32023254-8 2020 CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: In monocytes/macrophages of PKDL cases, enhancement of the iron influx gateways (TfR, CD163, DMT-1 and Lcn-2) possibly accounted for the enhanced LIP. Iron 85-89 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 129-134 31869199-2 2020 Human cells release the innate immune protein siderocalin (Scn, also known as lipocalin-2/Lcn2, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin/NGAL) that can inhibit bacterial growth by sequestering iron in a ferric complex with enterobactin (Ent), the ubiquitous Escherichia coli siderophore. Iron 195-199 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 78-89 31869199-2 2020 Human cells release the innate immune protein siderocalin (Scn, also known as lipocalin-2/Lcn2, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin/NGAL) that can inhibit bacterial growth by sequestering iron in a ferric complex with enterobactin (Ent), the ubiquitous Escherichia coli siderophore. Iron 195-199 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 90-94 31869199-2 2020 Human cells release the innate immune protein siderocalin (Scn, also known as lipocalin-2/Lcn2, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin/NGAL) that can inhibit bacterial growth by sequestering iron in a ferric complex with enterobactin (Ent), the ubiquitous Escherichia coli siderophore. Iron 195-199 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 96-138 32307375-2 2020 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a 25-kDa protein, which is involved in iron trafficking and has chemostatic and bacteriostatic effects. Iron 92-96 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-42 32307375-2 2020 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a 25-kDa protein, which is involved in iron trafficking and has chemostatic and bacteriostatic effects. Iron 92-96 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 44-48 32575507-1 2020 Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is a secreted glycoprotein linked to several physiological roles, including transporting hydrophobic ligands across cell membranes, modulating immune responses, maintaining iron homeostasis, and promoting epithelial cell differentiation. Iron 192-196 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-11 32575507-1 2020 Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is a secreted glycoprotein linked to several physiological roles, including transporting hydrophobic ligands across cell membranes, modulating immune responses, maintaining iron homeostasis, and promoting epithelial cell differentiation. Iron 192-196 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 13-17 31772326-0 2020 The iron load of lipocalin-2 (LCN-2) defines its pro-tumour function in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. Iron 4-8 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 17-28 31772326-0 2020 The iron load of lipocalin-2 (LCN-2) defines its pro-tumour function in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. Iron 4-8 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 30-35 31772326-2 2020 Since LCN-2 was recently identified as a novel iron transporter, we explored its iron load as a decisive factor in conferring its biological function. Iron 47-51 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 6-11 31772326-2 2020 Since LCN-2 was recently identified as a novel iron transporter, we explored its iron load as a decisive factor in conferring its biological function. Iron 81-85 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 6-11 31772326-4 2020 We measured LCN-2-bound iron by atomic absorption spectrometry from patient-derived samples and applied functional assays by using ccRCC cell lines, primary cells, and 3D tumour spheroids to verify the role of the LCN-2 iron load in tumour progression. Iron 24-28 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 12-17 31772326-6 2020 LCN-2 protein was found overexpressed in tumour compared with adjacent healthy tissue, whereby LCN-2 was iron loaded. Iron 105-109 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-5 31772326-6 2020 LCN-2 protein was found overexpressed in tumour compared with adjacent healthy tissue, whereby LCN-2 was iron loaded. Iron 105-109 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 95-100 31772326-7 2020 In vitro, the iron load determines the biological function of LCN-2. Iron 14-18 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 62-67 31772326-8 2020 Iron-loaded LCN-2 showed pro-tumour functions, whereas iron-free LCN-2 produced adverse effects. Iron 0-4 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 12-17 31772326-8 2020 Iron-loaded LCN-2 showed pro-tumour functions, whereas iron-free LCN-2 produced adverse effects. Iron 55-59 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 65-70 31772326-10 2020 LCN-2 donates iron to cells to promote migration and matrix adhesion. Iron 14-18 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-5 31772326-11 2020 Since the iron load of LCN-2 determines its pro-tumour characteristics, targeting either its iron load or its receptor interaction might represent new therapeutic options. Iron 10-14 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 23-28 31772326-11 2020 Since the iron load of LCN-2 determines its pro-tumour characteristics, targeting either its iron load or its receptor interaction might represent new therapeutic options. Iron 93-97 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 23-28 32564749-8 2020 In response, host immune cells produce lipocalin 2 to prevent bacterial reuptake of siderophores loaded with iron. Iron 109-113 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 39-50 31994917-0 2020 Association between neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and iron profile in chronic renal disease. Iron 74-78 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 20-62 31994917-0 2020 Association between neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and iron profile in chronic renal disease. Iron 74-78 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 64-68 31994917-1 2020 NGAL, also known as lipocalin 2, is a stress protein located on the cell surface that is known for its involvement in iron transport. Iron 118-122 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 31994917-1 2020 NGAL, also known as lipocalin 2, is a stress protein located on the cell surface that is known for its involvement in iron transport. Iron 118-122 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 20-31 31994917-2 2020 This study is aimed to evaluate the correlation between the iron profile and NGAL concentration in serum among chronic kidney disease patients under dialysis in order to find its diagnostic value with regards to iron deficiency anaemia (IDA). Iron 60-64 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 77-81 31613081-1 2020 Lcn2 is a host defense protein induced via the innate immune response to sequester iron-loaded bacterial siderophores. Iron 83-87 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 31613081-3 2020 In this work, we use Hydrogen-Deuterium eXchange (HDX) and Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC) to characterize the binding interaction between Lcn2 and siderophores enterobactin and 2,3-DHBA, in the presence and absence of iron. Iron 226-230 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 146-150 30605903-7 2019 To safeguard against iron thievery, the host relies upon the innate immune protein, lipocalin 2 (Lcn2), which could sequester catecholate-type siderophores and thus impede bacterial growth. Iron 21-25 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 84-95 31476294-2 2019 Early studies suggest the protective function of LCN2 in which it acts as a bacteriostatic agent that competes with bacteria for iron-bound siderophores. Iron 129-133 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 49-53 31375129-1 2019 Lipocalin-2 (Lcn2), an innate immune protein, has come to be recognized for its roles in iron homeostasis, infection, and inflammation. Iron 89-93 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-11 31375129-1 2019 Lipocalin-2 (Lcn2), an innate immune protein, has come to be recognized for its roles in iron homeostasis, infection, and inflammation. Iron 89-93 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 13-17 31760034-0 2020 Iron chelators inhibit amyloid-beta-induced production of lipocalin 2 in cultured astrocytes. Iron 0-4 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 58-69 31760034-2 2020 Iron chelators were found to reduce Lcn2 levels in certain animal models of CNS injury. Iron 0-4 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 36-40 31760034-3 2020 Focusing on Alzheimer"s disease (AD), we found that the iron chelators deferoxamine and deferiprone inhibited amyloid-beta (Abeta)-induced Lcn2 production in cultured primary astrocytes. Iron 56-60 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 139-143 31760034-6 2020 Known neuroprotective effects of iron chelators may rely in part on normalization of Lcn2 levels. Iron 33-37 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 85-89 30782844-2 2019 The host response against these types of infections includes the release of epithelial-derived antimicrobial factors such as lipocalin-2 (LCN-2), a protein that specifically inhibits the iron acquisition of Enterobacteriaceae by binding and neutralizing the bacterial iron-scavenging molecule enterobactin. Iron 187-191 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 125-136 30782844-2 2019 The host response against these types of infections includes the release of epithelial-derived antimicrobial factors such as lipocalin-2 (LCN-2), a protein that specifically inhibits the iron acquisition of Enterobacteriaceae by binding and neutralizing the bacterial iron-scavenging molecule enterobactin. Iron 187-191 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 138-143 30782844-2 2019 The host response against these types of infections includes the release of epithelial-derived antimicrobial factors such as lipocalin-2 (LCN-2), a protein that specifically inhibits the iron acquisition of Enterobacteriaceae by binding and neutralizing the bacterial iron-scavenging molecule enterobactin. Iron 268-272 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 125-136 30782844-2 2019 The host response against these types of infections includes the release of epithelial-derived antimicrobial factors such as lipocalin-2 (LCN-2), a protein that specifically inhibits the iron acquisition of Enterobacteriaceae by binding and neutralizing the bacterial iron-scavenging molecule enterobactin. Iron 268-272 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 138-143 30947751-4 2019 We hypothesize that IV iron leads to changes in oxidative stress, endothelial function, and potential renal damage depending on the iron formulation (related to the generation of "free" or catalytic labile iron) and this may result in more tubular and glomerular injury manifested as increased proteinuria and raised neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Iron 23-27 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 317-359 30947751-4 2019 We hypothesize that IV iron leads to changes in oxidative stress, endothelial function, and potential renal damage depending on the iron formulation (related to the generation of "free" or catalytic labile iron) and this may result in more tubular and glomerular injury manifested as increased proteinuria and raised neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Iron 23-27 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 361-365 30947751-4 2019 We hypothesize that IV iron leads to changes in oxidative stress, endothelial function, and potential renal damage depending on the iron formulation (related to the generation of "free" or catalytic labile iron) and this may result in more tubular and glomerular injury manifested as increased proteinuria and raised neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Iron 132-136 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 317-359 30947751-4 2019 We hypothesize that IV iron leads to changes in oxidative stress, endothelial function, and potential renal damage depending on the iron formulation (related to the generation of "free" or catalytic labile iron) and this may result in more tubular and glomerular injury manifested as increased proteinuria and raised neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Iron 132-136 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 361-365 30947751-4 2019 We hypothesize that IV iron leads to changes in oxidative stress, endothelial function, and potential renal damage depending on the iron formulation (related to the generation of "free" or catalytic labile iron) and this may result in more tubular and glomerular injury manifested as increased proteinuria and raised neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Iron 132-136 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 317-359 30947751-4 2019 We hypothesize that IV iron leads to changes in oxidative stress, endothelial function, and potential renal damage depending on the iron formulation (related to the generation of "free" or catalytic labile iron) and this may result in more tubular and glomerular injury manifested as increased proteinuria and raised neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Iron 132-136 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 361-365 30605903-7 2019 To safeguard against iron thievery, the host relies upon the innate immune protein, lipocalin 2 (Lcn2), which could sequester catecholate-type siderophores and thus impede bacterial growth. Iron 21-25 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 97-101 29707087-8 2018 Conclusions: Our results suggest that higher level of NGAL is a risk factor for oxidative stress, as measured by AOPP levels, in dialysis patients receiving intravenous iron. Iron 169-173 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 54-58 29909502-0 2018 Increased NGAL level associated with iron store in chronic kidney disease with anemia. Iron 37-41 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 10-14 29909502-2 2018 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a biomarker of acute kidney injury, is associated with iron metabolism. Iron 106-110 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-42 29909502-2 2018 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a biomarker of acute kidney injury, is associated with iron metabolism. Iron 106-110 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 44-48 29909502-3 2018 The present study determined the association between serum NGAL and iron status in chronic kidney disease with anemia. Iron 68-72 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 59-63 29909502-8 2018 NGAL was inversely correlated with hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, MCH, serum iron, and TSAT. Iron 75-79 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 29909502-11 2018 CKD patients with anemia presented altered NGAL values as this protein is involved in the maintenance of iron balance. Iron 105-109 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 43-47 29909502-12 2018 Thus, NGAL might be proposed as a new tool for assessing the iron deficiency and in the management of iron therapy for CKD patients. Iron 61-65 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 6-10 29707087-9 2018 Our findings could identify dialysis patients who are at higher risk from iron supplementation via measurement of NGAL levels. Iron 74-78 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 114-118 28485407-3 2018 Here we show that the deletion of the iron trafficking protein lipocalin-2 (LCN2) induces deficits in NSCs proliferation and commitment, with impact on the hippocampal-dependent contextual fear discriminative task. Iron 38-42 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 63-74 29755643-0 2018 Tumor associated macrophages deliver iron to tumor cells via Lcn2. Iron 37-41 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 61-65 29755643-5 2018 In the present study, we found that iron concentration was significantly increased at tumor metastatic stage, which could be attributed to up-regulated expression of lipocalin2 (Lcn2). Iron 36-40 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 166-176 29755643-5 2018 In the present study, we found that iron concentration was significantly increased at tumor metastatic stage, which could be attributed to up-regulated expression of lipocalin2 (Lcn2). Iron 36-40 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 178-182 29755643-7 2018 Moreover, TAMs increased intracellular iron concentration in tumor cells via Lcn2 as transporter, which could be restored by Lcn2 antibody neutralization. Iron 39-43 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 77-81 29755643-7 2018 Moreover, TAMs increased intracellular iron concentration in tumor cells via Lcn2 as transporter, which could be restored by Lcn2 antibody neutralization. Iron 39-43 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 125-129 29755643-8 2018 In conclusion, TAMs increased intracellular iron concentration of the tumor cells via Lcn2 which acted as an iron transporter. Iron 44-48 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 86-90 29755357-2 2018 In addition, LCN2 limits bacterial growth by sequestering iron-containing siderophores and further protects against intestinal inflammation and tumorigenesis associated with alterations in the microbiota. Iron 58-62 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 13-17 28485407-3 2018 Here we show that the deletion of the iron trafficking protein lipocalin-2 (LCN2) induces deficits in NSCs proliferation and commitment, with impact on the hippocampal-dependent contextual fear discriminative task. Iron 38-42 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 76-80 28485407-6 2018 LCN2 is, therefore, a novel key modulator of neurogenesis that, through iron, controls NSCs cell cycle progression and death, self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation and, ultimately, hippocampal function. Iron 72-76 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 28979267-0 2017 Iron Handling in Tumor-Associated Macrophages-Is There a New Role for Lipocalin-2? Iron 0-4 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 70-81 29399416-0 2018 Macrophage-derived lipocalin-2 transports iron in the tumor microenvironment. Iron 42-46 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 19-30 29399416-4 2018 Mechanistically, TAM expressed elevated levels of the high-affinity iron-binding protein lipocalin-2 (LCN-2), which appeared to be critical for the export of iron from TAM, and in turn enhanced tumor cell proliferation. Iron 68-72 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 89-100 29399416-4 2018 Mechanistically, TAM expressed elevated levels of the high-affinity iron-binding protein lipocalin-2 (LCN-2), which appeared to be critical for the export of iron from TAM, and in turn enhanced tumor cell proliferation. Iron 68-72 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 102-107 29399416-4 2018 Mechanistically, TAM expressed elevated levels of the high-affinity iron-binding protein lipocalin-2 (LCN-2), which appeared to be critical for the export of iron from TAM, and in turn enhanced tumor cell proliferation. Iron 158-162 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 89-100 29399416-4 2018 Mechanistically, TAM expressed elevated levels of the high-affinity iron-binding protein lipocalin-2 (LCN-2), which appeared to be critical for the export of iron from TAM, and in turn enhanced tumor cell proliferation. Iron 158-162 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 102-107 29399416-8 2018 Targeting the LCN-2 iron export mechanism selectively in stromal cells might open for future iron-targeted tumor therapeutic approaches. Iron 20-24 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 14-19 29399416-8 2018 Targeting the LCN-2 iron export mechanism selectively in stromal cells might open for future iron-targeted tumor therapeutic approaches. Iron 93-97 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 14-19 29550798-9 2017 NGAL levels correlated with CRP (r = 0.49), ESR (r = 0.48) and iron concentrations (r = -0.63), but not with faecal calprotectin. Iron 63-67 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 29394034-7 2018 Furthermore, Fe-binding and Fe-regulatory proteins, such as hepcidin, lipocalin-2/NGAL, heme oxygenase-1, ferritin, and iron-sulfur clusters can display antitumor properties under specific conditions and in particular cancer types. Iron 13-15 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 70-81 29394034-7 2018 Furthermore, Fe-binding and Fe-regulatory proteins, such as hepcidin, lipocalin-2/NGAL, heme oxygenase-1, ferritin, and iron-sulfur clusters can display antitumor properties under specific conditions and in particular cancer types. Iron 13-15 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 82-86 29285663-1 2018 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and lactoferrin (Lf) are among the key components of the innate immune system due to their ability to bind iron with high affinity and thus control inflammation. Iron 157-161 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-42 29285663-1 2018 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and lactoferrin (Lf) are among the key components of the innate immune system due to their ability to bind iron with high affinity and thus control inflammation. Iron 157-161 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 44-48 29285663-7 2018 NGAL and Lf measured in meconium are candidate biomarkers for fetal iron status. Iron 68-72 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 28389813-0 2018 Plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin is associated with iron status in anemic patients with pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease. Iron 69-73 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 7-49 28389813-2 2018 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a biomarker of acute kidney injury, is known to be associated with iron metabolism. Iron 118-122 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-42 28389813-2 2018 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a biomarker of acute kidney injury, is known to be associated with iron metabolism. Iron 118-122 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 44-48 28389813-3 2018 We investigated whether plasma NGAL level is associated with iron status in pre-dialysis CKD patients with anemia. Iron 61-65 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 31-35 28389813-12 2018 CONCLUSIONS: Plasma NGAL is associated with iron status in anemic patients with pre-dialysis CKD. Iron 44-48 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 20-24 28794066-7 2017 alpha-ICs inhibit bacterial growth by acidifying urine and secreting neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) that chelates siderophore-containing iron. Iron 156-160 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 69-111 28794066-7 2017 alpha-ICs inhibit bacterial growth by acidifying urine and secreting neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) that chelates siderophore-containing iron. Iron 156-160 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 113-117 28506129-7 2017 After 3 months of oral iron treatment, there was a significant improvement (decrease) in urinary NGAL and L-FABP in infants and children with IDA. Iron 23-27 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 97-101 28396286-2 2017 LCN2 limits bacterial growth by sequestering iron-containing siderophores and in mammalian liver protects against inflammation, infection, injury and other stressors. Iron 45-49 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 27729871-1 2016 Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) is a secreted protein that belongs to the Lipocalins, a group of transporters of small lipophilic molecules such as steroids, lipopolysaccharides, iron, and fatty acids in circulation. Iron 166-170 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-11 28255266-0 2017 Lipocalin-2 Promotes Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Proliferation by Augmenting Intracellular Iron in Human Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells. Iron 96-100 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-11 28255266-2 2017 Increased expression of Lipocalin-2 in PH led us to test the hypothesis that Lipocalin-2, a protein known to sequester iron and regulate it intracellularly, might facilitate the ER stress and proliferation in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Iron 119-123 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 77-88 28255266-5 2017 Lcn2 promoted ER stress accompanied with augmented intracellular iron levels in human PASMCs. Iron 65-69 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 28255266-6 2017 Treatment human PASMCs with FeSO4 induced the similar ER stress and proliferation response and iron chelator (deferoxamine) abrogated the ER stress and proliferation induced by Lcn2 in cultured human PASMCs. Iron 95-99 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 177-181 28255266-7 2017 In conclusion, Lcn2 significantly promoted human PASMC ER stress and proliferation by augmenting intracellular iron. Iron 111-115 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 15-19 27825668-4 2016 In response, host immune cells secrete lipocalin 2 (also known as siderocalin), a siderophore-binding protein, to prevent bacterial reuptake of iron-loaded siderophores. Iron 144-148 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 39-50 26762671-1 2016 BACKGROUND: Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) may be involved in the immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and might further impact on iron homoeostasis. Iron 128-132 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 12-23 26762671-1 2016 BACKGROUND: Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) may be involved in the immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and might further impact on iron homoeostasis. Iron 128-132 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 25-29 26762671-8 2016 In clinically stable patients, CSF LCN2 levels correlated with basal ganglia iron accumulation (r = 0.5, p < 0.05). Iron 77-81 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 35-39 26762671-10 2016 CONCLUSION: We demonstrate altered LCN2 regulation in early MS and provide first evidence for this to be possibly linked to both clinical MS activity and iron accumulation in the basal ganglia. Iron 154-158 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 35-39 28628361-0 2017 Lipocalin 2: An Emerging Player in Iron Homeostasis and Inflammation. Iron 35-39 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-11 28628361-2 2017 As a bacteriostatic factor, Lcn2 obstructs the siderophore iron-acquiring strategy of bacteria and thus inhibits bacterial growth. Iron 59-63 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 28-32 28628361-3 2017 As part of host nutritional immunity, Lcn2 facilitates systemic, cellular, and mucosal hypoferremia during inflammation, in addition to stabilizing the siderophore-bound labile iron pool. Iron 177-181 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 38-42 28628361-4 2017 In this review, we summarize recent advances in understanding the interaction between Lcn2 and iron, and its effects in various inflammatory diseases. Iron 95-99 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 86-90 28628361-6 2017 Further animal and clinical studies are necessary to unveil the multifaceted roles of Lcn2 in iron dysregulation during inflammation and to explore its therapeutic potential for treating inflammatory diseases. Iron 94-98 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 86-90 28432145-7 2017 To counter iron theft by Ent, neutrophils rely on the siderophore-binding protein lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) in a "tug-of-war" for iron. Iron 11-15 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 82-93 28432145-7 2017 To counter iron theft by Ent, neutrophils rely on the siderophore-binding protein lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) in a "tug-of-war" for iron. Iron 11-15 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 95-99 28432145-7 2017 To counter iron theft by Ent, neutrophils rely on the siderophore-binding protein lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) in a "tug-of-war" for iron. Iron 123-127 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 82-93 28432145-7 2017 To counter iron theft by Ent, neutrophils rely on the siderophore-binding protein lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) in a "tug-of-war" for iron. Iron 123-127 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 95-99 28210838-2 2017 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is known to be upregulated within the uroepithelium and kidney of patients with UTI and exhibits a localized bacteriostatic effect through iron chelation. Iron 189-193 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-42 28210838-2 2017 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is known to be upregulated within the uroepithelium and kidney of patients with UTI and exhibits a localized bacteriostatic effect through iron chelation. Iron 189-193 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 44-48 28342790-7 2017 Recent evidence supports the existence of transferrin-independent iron transport mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment, which points to local iron transport proteins such as lipocalin-2 and/or low molecular weight iron-trafficking substances such as siderophores. Iron 66-70 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 177-188 28342790-7 2017 Recent evidence supports the existence of transferrin-independent iron transport mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment, which points to local iron transport proteins such as lipocalin-2 and/or low molecular weight iron-trafficking substances such as siderophores. Iron 113-117 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 177-188 28342790-7 2017 Recent evidence supports the existence of transferrin-independent iron transport mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment, which points to local iron transport proteins such as lipocalin-2 and/or low molecular weight iron-trafficking substances such as siderophores. Iron 113-117 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 177-188 28342790-9 2017 In particular, we pay attention to recent developments, pointing to lipocalin-2 and siderophores as alternative iron transport molecules in the tumor microenvironment. Iron 112-116 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 68-79 28752141-2 2017 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a new marker to assess iron deficiency and manage iron therapy for HD patients. Iron 76-80 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-42 28752141-2 2017 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a new marker to assess iron deficiency and manage iron therapy for HD patients. Iron 76-80 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 44-48 27729871-1 2016 Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) is a secreted protein that belongs to the Lipocalins, a group of transporters of small lipophilic molecules such as steroids, lipopolysaccharides, iron, and fatty acids in circulation. Iron 166-170 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 13-17 27168162-1 2016 PURPOSE: Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) is a secretory protein that is involved in various physiological processes including iron transport. Iron 113-117 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 9-20 27538670-2 2016 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), an iron-handling and acute phase protein, may participate in the pathogenesis of TBI. Iron 54-58 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-42 27538670-2 2016 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), an iron-handling and acute phase protein, may participate in the pathogenesis of TBI. Iron 54-58 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 44-48 27385438-6 2016 LCN2 reduced osteoblast viability in the presence of iron and enhanced the activity of MMP-9 released by osteoblasts. Iron 53-57 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 27251223-1 2016 PROBLEM: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is expressed in neutrophils and involved in innate immunity by sequestering iron. Iron 135-139 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 9-51 27251223-1 2016 PROBLEM: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is expressed in neutrophils and involved in innate immunity by sequestering iron. Iron 135-139 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 53-57 27168162-1 2016 PURPOSE: Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) is a secretory protein that is involved in various physiological processes including iron transport. Iron 113-117 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 22-26 27168162-12 2016 CONCLUSIONS: These results indicated that LCN2 was involved in the migration and survival of endometrial carcinoma cells under various stresses in an iron-dependent manner. Iron 150-154 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 42-46 26635366-2 2016 These pleiotropic functions mainly rely on NGAL"s siderophore-mediated iron transport properties. Iron 71-75 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 43-47 27152948-1 2016 OBJECTIVES: From previous data in animal models of cerebral ischemia, lipocalin-2 (LCN2), a protein related to neutrophil function and cellular iron homeostasis, is supposed to have a value as a biomarker in ischemic stroke patients. Iron 144-148 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 70-81 27152948-1 2016 OBJECTIVES: From previous data in animal models of cerebral ischemia, lipocalin-2 (LCN2), a protein related to neutrophil function and cellular iron homeostasis, is supposed to have a value as a biomarker in ischemic stroke patients. Iron 144-148 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 83-87 27152948-9 2016 CONCLUSIONS: LCN2 is expressed in the ischemic brain after temporary experimental ischemia and paralleled by the accumulation of cellular nonheme iron. Iron 146-150 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 13-17 26278055-6 2016 Iron transport and storage are also influenced by NGAL activity. Iron 0-4 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 50-54 26729415-5 2016 Therefore, we herein examined the roles of LCN2 in the regulation of intracellular iron concentrations, oxidative stress, DNA damage, and antioxidative functions using LCN2-overexpressing (ES2), and LCN2-silenced (RMG-1) CCC cell lines. Iron 83-87 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 43-47 28127551-4 2016 Serum iron levels were lower in patients with NGAL > 156 ng/mL than in those with NGAL <= 156 ng/mL (27.4 +- 25.3 microg/dL versus 58.1 +- 43.5 microg/dL; P < 0.001). Iron 6-10 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 46-50 26729415-6 2016 The results of calcein staining indicated that the up-regulated expression of LCN2 correlated with increases in intracellular iron concentrations. Iron 126-130 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 78-82 26729415-11 2016 Although LCN2 increased intracellular iron concentrations, LCN2-induced GSH may catalyze and override oxidative stress via CD44v and xCT, and subsequently enhance the survival of CCC cells in oxidative stress-rich endometriosis. Iron 38-42 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 9-13 24580532-2 2014 Lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) is an iron-sequestering protein in the antibacterial innate immune response, which inhibit bacterial growth. Iron 25-29 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-11 26318828-0 2015 Iron metabolism and regulation by neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in cardiomyopathy. Iron 0-4 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 34-76 26318828-5 2015 Instead, previous work suggests that regulation of iron metabolism could represent an important mechanism of NGAL action, with wide-ranging consequences spanning metabolic and cardiovascular diseases to host defence against bacterial infection. Iron 51-55 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 109-113 26318828-7 2015 In particular, we focus on iron transport as a mechanism of NGAL action and discuss this in the context of the existing strong associations between iron overload and iron deficiency with cardiomyopathy. Iron 27-31 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 60-64 26318828-7 2015 In particular, we focus on iron transport as a mechanism of NGAL action and discuss this in the context of the existing strong associations between iron overload and iron deficiency with cardiomyopathy. Iron 148-152 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 60-64 25716557-7 2015 Some bacteria have developed resistance to NGAL-mediated iron sequestration by production of modified siderophores that are not recognized by NGAL. Iron 57-61 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 43-47 25260218-6 2015 A new, enigmatic protein entering the iron scene and affecting the macrophage phenotype is lipocalin-2. Iron 38-42 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 91-102 26111426-1 2015 Lipocalin-2 (LCN2), a secretory protein, regulates diverse cellular processes such as cell death/survival, cell migration/invasion, cell differentiation, iron delivery, inflammation, insulin resistance, and tissue regeneration. Iron 154-158 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-11 26111426-1 2015 Lipocalin-2 (LCN2), a secretory protein, regulates diverse cellular processes such as cell death/survival, cell migration/invasion, cell differentiation, iron delivery, inflammation, insulin resistance, and tissue regeneration. Iron 154-158 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 13-17 26257890-9 2015 Although catechol was a known NGAL-Siderocalin co-factor, our purification directly confirmed its presence in urine as well as its capacity to serve as an iron trap with NGAL-Siderocalin. Iron 155-159 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 170-174 27617081-3 2015 In 2002, a landmark paper suggested that Ngal is a bacteriostatic agent which blocks iron acquisition by interacting with a number of bacterial siderophores, especially enterobactin. Iron 85-89 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 41-45 27617081-6 2015 Functions of siderocalin include not only bacteriostatic activity but potentially as a mediator of cell growth and differentiation; some of these functions appear to be referable to the holo siderocalin:siderophore:iron complex and recent work suggests that metabolic products may act as mammalian siderophores bound by Ngal. Iron 215-219 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 320-324 26757915-0 2016 Iron depletion strategy for targeted cancer therapy: utilizing the dual roles of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin protein. Iron 0-4 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 81-123 26757915-2 2016 Applying the dual function of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) could achieve the goal of iron depletion in the cancer cells. Iron 106-110 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 30-72 26757915-2 2016 Applying the dual function of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) could achieve the goal of iron depletion in the cancer cells. Iron 106-110 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 74-78 26757915-3 2016 Tyr106, Lys125 or Lys134 was the key binding site for NGAL protein to sequester iron-chelating siderophores. Iron 80-84 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 54-58 26673824-8 2015 NGAL was more significantly associated with Al (r = 0.737, p < 0.001), Cr (r = 0.705, p < 0.001), Fe (r = 0.709, p < 0.001), and Ni (r = 0.657, p < 0.001) than was KIM-1, suggesting that NGAL may be a urinary biomarker for welding PM2.5 exposure. Iron 104-106 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 25479470-2 2015 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and hepcidin control iron metabolism and are upregulated during renal stress. Iron 71-75 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-42 25479470-2 2015 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and hepcidin control iron metabolism and are upregulated during renal stress. Iron 71-75 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 44-48 26390966-3 2015 Siderocalin (LCN2) is a key antibacterial component of the innate immune system and sequesters bacterial siderophores to prevent acquisition of iron. Iron 144-148 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 13-17 26159707-1 2015 Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is an acute-phase protein that, by binding to iron-loaded siderophores, acts as a potent bacteriostatic agent in the iron-depletion strategy of the immune system to control pathogens. Iron 65-69 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-11 26159707-1 2015 Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is an acute-phase protein that, by binding to iron-loaded siderophores, acts as a potent bacteriostatic agent in the iron-depletion strategy of the immune system to control pathogens. Iron 65-69 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 13-17 26159707-1 2015 Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is an acute-phase protein that, by binding to iron-loaded siderophores, acts as a potent bacteriostatic agent in the iron-depletion strategy of the immune system to control pathogens. Iron 136-140 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-11 26159707-1 2015 Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is an acute-phase protein that, by binding to iron-loaded siderophores, acts as a potent bacteriostatic agent in the iron-depletion strategy of the immune system to control pathogens. Iron 136-140 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 13-17 26159707-2 2015 The recent identification of a mammalian siderophore also suggests a physiological role for LCN2 in iron homeostasis, specifically in iron delivery to cells via a transferrin-independent mechanism. Iron 100-104 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 92-96 26159707-2 2015 The recent identification of a mammalian siderophore also suggests a physiological role for LCN2 in iron homeostasis, specifically in iron delivery to cells via a transferrin-independent mechanism. Iron 134-138 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 92-96 25670719-1 2015 OBJECTIVE: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a component of innate immunity that prevents iron uptake by microorganisms. Iron 109-113 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 11-53 25670719-1 2015 OBJECTIVE: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a component of innate immunity that prevents iron uptake by microorganisms. Iron 109-113 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 55-59 25511817-5 2015 LCN2 induces chemokine production in the CNS in response to inflammatory challenges, and actively participates in the innate immune response, cellular influx of iron, and regulation of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Iron 161-165 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 26257890-2 2015 NGAL-Siderocalin binds and sequesters the iron loaded bacterial siderophore enterochelin (Ent), defining the protein as an innate immune effector. Iron 42-46 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 26257890-4 2015 While different catechols have been detected in human urine, they have not been directly purified from a biofluid and demonstrated to ligate iron with NGAL-Siderocalin. Iron 141-145 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 151-155 26257890-5 2015 This paper describes a "natural products" approach to identify small molecules that mediate iron binding to NGAL-Siderocalin. Iron 92-96 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 108-112 24580532-2 2014 Lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) is an iron-sequestering protein in the antibacterial innate immune response, which inhibit bacterial growth. Iron 25-29 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 13-17 25380917-2 2014 However, it should be remembered that NGAL is involved in iron metabolism and antimicrobial defense mechanisms. Iron 58-62 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 38-42 25217696-5 2014 Normal hematopoietic cells showed elevated ROS levels through increased intracellular iron levels when treated with lipocalin-2, which led to p53 pathway activation, increased apoptosis, and decreased cellular proliferation. Iron 86-90 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 116-127 24853299-3 2014 Herein, we describe that lipocalin 2 (LCN2), a mammalian acute-phase protein involved in iron homeostasis, is highly produced in response to Abeta1-42 by choroid plexus epithelial cells and astrocytes, but not by microglia or neurons. Iron 89-93 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 25-36 24853299-3 2014 Herein, we describe that lipocalin 2 (LCN2), a mammalian acute-phase protein involved in iron homeostasis, is highly produced in response to Abeta1-42 by choroid plexus epithelial cells and astrocytes, but not by microglia or neurons. Iron 89-93 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 38-42 24980968-6 2014 We hypothesized that the robust immune response to Ent and Lcn2 requires iron chelation rather than the Ent+Lcn2 complex itself and also can be stimulated by Lcn2-evasive siderophores. Iron 73-77 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 59-63 24980968-9 2014 Iron chelation by excess Ent or Ybt significantly increased Lcn2-induced secretion of IL-8, IL-6, and CCL20. Iron 0-4 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 60-64 24711435-4 2014 Serum and urinary NGAL levels, measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the fractional excretion (FE) of NGAL relative to the FE of proteins (FE NGAL/FE protein ratio) were determined in a cross-sectional (n = 199) and longitudinal (n = 45) cohort of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Iron 112-114 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 119-123 24586826-10 2014 NGAL stimulated expression of HLA-G on CD4+ T cells in a dose- and iron-dependent manner. Iron 67-71 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 25076907-8 2014 In addition, certain innate resistance genes such as natural resistance associated macrophage protein function (Nramp1) or lipocalin-2 exert part of their antimicrobial activity by controlling host and/or microbial iron homeostasis. Iron 215-219 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 123-134 25364361-3 2014 In addition, NGAL was studied as an iron regulatory glycoprotein and regulator of iron related gene. Iron 36-40 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 13-17 25364361-4 2014 The aim of the current study was to determine any association between serum NGAL and body iron status markers in children on chronic dialysis. Iron 90-94 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 76-80 24570342-6 2014 In addition, our results indicated that enhanced NF-kappaB activity in iAs-HUCs was via LCN2-mediated increase in intracellular iron and reactive oxygen species levels. Iron 128-132 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 88-92 24721683-3 2014 NGAL is also an iron trafficking protein, a member of the non-transferrin-bound iron (NTBI) pool and an alternative to the transferrin-mediated iron-delivery pathway. Iron 16-20 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 24721683-3 2014 NGAL is also an iron trafficking protein, a member of the non-transferrin-bound iron (NTBI) pool and an alternative to the transferrin-mediated iron-delivery pathway. Iron 80-84 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 24721683-3 2014 NGAL is also an iron trafficking protein, a member of the non-transferrin-bound iron (NTBI) pool and an alternative to the transferrin-mediated iron-delivery pathway. Iron 80-84 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 24721683-5 2014 In this study we investigated the possible association of NGAL with parameters of erythropoiesis, iron metabolism and renal injury in patients with non-transfusion-dependent thalassemia (thalassemia intermedia or TI). Iron 98-102 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 58-62 24721683-14 2014 We postulate that the induction of NGAL in these patients may represent either a survival response, facilitating the survival of the less damaged thalassemic erythroid precursors, or a consequence of the abnormal iron regulation in TI. Iron 213-217 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 35-39 24798325-4 2014 Lipocalin 2 is highly expressed in the lung where it exerts immunoregulatory functions dependent on being loaded with siderophore-bound iron (holo-form) or not (apo-form). Iron 136-140 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 0-11 24798325-5 2014 We demonstrate that similar to lipocalin 2, Bet v 1 is capable of binding iron via catechol-based siderophores. Iron 74-78 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 31-42 25762501-7 2014 We also show that ER stress combined with inflammation synergistically upregulated the expression of the iron carrier protein NGAL and the stress-inducible heme degrading enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) leading to iron liberation. Iron 105-109 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 126-130 24158698-0 2013 EGCG inhibit chemical reactivity of iron through forming an Ngal-EGCG-iron complex. Iron 36-40 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 60-64 24158698-0 2013 EGCG inhibit chemical reactivity of iron through forming an Ngal-EGCG-iron complex. Iron 70-74 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 60-64 24158698-6 2013 In this paper, Multivariate analysis of the LC-MS data of tea extracts and binding assays showed that the tea polyphenol EGCG can form stable complex with iron through the protein Ngal, a biomarker of acute kidney injury. Iron 155-159 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 180-184 24158698-7 2013 UV-Vis and Luminescence spectrum methods showed that Ngal can inhibit the chemical reactivity of iron and EGCG through forming an Ngal-EGCG-iron complex. Iron 97-101 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 53-57 24158698-7 2013 UV-Vis and Luminescence spectrum methods showed that Ngal can inhibit the chemical reactivity of iron and EGCG through forming an Ngal-EGCG-iron complex. Iron 97-101 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 130-134 24158698-7 2013 UV-Vis and Luminescence spectrum methods showed that Ngal can inhibit the chemical reactivity of iron and EGCG through forming an Ngal-EGCG-iron complex. Iron 140-144 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 53-57 24158698-7 2013 UV-Vis and Luminescence spectrum methods showed that Ngal can inhibit the chemical reactivity of iron and EGCG through forming an Ngal-EGCG-iron complex. Iron 140-144 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 130-134 25762501-7 2014 We also show that ER stress combined with inflammation synergistically upregulated the expression of the iron carrier protein NGAL and the stress-inducible heme degrading enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) leading to iron liberation. Iron 213-217 lipocalin 2 Homo sapiens 126-130