PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 18042040-1 2008 Hepcidin is a hormone central to the regulation of iron homeostasis in the body. Iron 51-55 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 18451267-1 2008 Hepcidin, a liver-derived protein that restricts enteric iron absorption, is the key regulator of body iron content. Iron 57-61 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 18451267-1 2008 Hepcidin, a liver-derived protein that restricts enteric iron absorption, is the key regulator of body iron content. Iron 103-107 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 18451267-2 2008 Several proteins induce expression of the hepcidin-encoding gene Hamp in response to infection or high levels of iron. Iron 113-117 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 42-50 18451267-2 2008 Several proteins induce expression of the hepcidin-encoding gene Hamp in response to infection or high levels of iron. Iron 113-117 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 65-69 18451267-3 2008 However, mechanism(s) of Hamp suppression during iron depletion are poorly understood. Iron 49-53 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 25-29 18451267-5 2008 The mask phenotype results from reduced absorption of dietary iron caused by high levels of hepcidin and is due to a splicing defect in the transmembrane serine protease 6 gene Tmprss6. Iron 62-66 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 92-100 18042040-3 2008 Ferroportin, an iron exporter, is the receptor for hepcidin. Iron 16-20 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 51-59 18042040-12 2008 We conclude that retinal iron homeostasis may be regulated in an autonomous manner by hepcidin generated within the retina and that chronic bacterial infection/inflammation of the retina may disrupt iron homeostasis and retinal function. Iron 25-29 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 86-94 17962361-6 2008 Plasma membrane localization of ferroportin was studied by selective biotinylation of apical and basolateral membrane domains; Hepc induced rapid internalization of ferroportin in J774 cells but not in Caco-2 cells These results indicate that the effect of Hepc is cell dependent: in macrophages it inhibits iron export by inducing ferroportin degradation, whereas in enterocytes it inhibits apical iron uptake by inhibiting DMT1 transcription. Iron 308-312 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 127-131 18316026-4 2008 Under conditions favoring a constitutive Hfe/Tfr1 interaction, mice developed iron overload attributable to inappropriately low expression of the hormone hepcidin. Iron 78-82 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 154-162 18336670-10 2008 The regulatory hormone for iron homeostasis, hepcidin is downregulated in ethanol-loaded mice liver. Iron 27-31 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 45-53 17962361-6 2008 Plasma membrane localization of ferroportin was studied by selective biotinylation of apical and basolateral membrane domains; Hepc induced rapid internalization of ferroportin in J774 cells but not in Caco-2 cells These results indicate that the effect of Hepc is cell dependent: in macrophages it inhibits iron export by inducing ferroportin degradation, whereas in enterocytes it inhibits apical iron uptake by inhibiting DMT1 transcription. Iron 399-403 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 127-131 17938254-1 2008 The liver peptide hepcidin regulates iron absorption and recycling. Iron 37-41 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 18-26 17763462-1 2007 UNLABELLED: Alcohol reduces and iron increases liver hepcidin synthesis. Iron 32-36 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 53-61 18166355-0 2008 Hepatitis C virus-induced reactive oxygen species raise hepatic iron level in mice by reducing hepcidin transcription. Iron 64-68 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 95-103 18166355-8 2008 CONCLUSIONS: HCV-induced reactive oxygen species may down-regulate hepcidin transcription through inhibition of C/EBPalpha DNA binding activity by C/EBP homology protein, which in turn leads to increased duodenal iron transport and macrophage iron release, causing hepatic iron accumulation. Iron 213-217 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 67-75 18166355-8 2008 CONCLUSIONS: HCV-induced reactive oxygen species may down-regulate hepcidin transcription through inhibition of C/EBPalpha DNA binding activity by C/EBP homology protein, which in turn leads to increased duodenal iron transport and macrophage iron release, causing hepatic iron accumulation. Iron 243-247 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 67-75 18166355-8 2008 CONCLUSIONS: HCV-induced reactive oxygen species may down-regulate hepcidin transcription through inhibition of C/EBPalpha DNA binding activity by C/EBP homology protein, which in turn leads to increased duodenal iron transport and macrophage iron release, causing hepatic iron accumulation. Iron 243-247 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 67-75 17763462-2 2007 This study investigates the interaction of alcohol and iron in the regulation of hepcidin messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in animal models. Iron 55-59 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 81-89 17763462-7 2007 Iron elevated and alcohol decreased liver hepcidin expression in mice and rats. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 42-50 17763462-13 2007 CONCLUSION: Alcohol abolishes the iron-induced up-regulation of both liver hepcidin transcription and the DNA-binding activity of C/EBP alpha. Iron 34-38 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 75-83 17763462-14 2007 Of note, hepcidin protects the body from the harmful effects of iron overload. Iron 64-68 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 9-17 17689119-1 2007 Hepcidin, the principal regulator of the iron metabolism, is up-regulated in response to inflammatory stimuli, bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) and iron excess. Iron 41-45 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 17644736-0 2007 The distal location of the iron responsive region of the hepcidin promoter. Iron 27-31 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 57-65 17644736-1 2007 The response of hepcidin transcription to iron has been repeatedly documented in living mice, but it is difficult to demonstrate the response in ex vivo systems. Iron 42-46 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 16-24 17644736-3 2007 This method enabled us to quantitate the response of the hepcidin promoter to short-term feeding of a high-iron diet to mice that have been maintained on an iron-deficient diet. Iron 107-111 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 57-65 17644736-3 2007 This method enabled us to quantitate the response of the hepcidin promoter to short-term feeding of a high-iron diet to mice that have been maintained on an iron-deficient diet. Iron 157-161 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 57-65 17689119-1 2007 Hepcidin, the principal regulator of the iron metabolism, is up-regulated in response to inflammatory stimuli, bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) and iron excess. Iron 148-152 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 17932563-4 2007 The level of production of hepcidin, an important player in the pathogenesis of the anemia of inflammation, was significantly decreased in Hri-/- mice, accompanied by decreased splenic macrophage iron content and increased serum iron content. Iron 196-200 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 27-35 17932563-4 2007 The level of production of hepcidin, an important player in the pathogenesis of the anemia of inflammation, was significantly decreased in Hri-/- mice, accompanied by decreased splenic macrophage iron content and increased serum iron content. Iron 229-233 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 27-35 17609338-1 2007 Hepcidin is an antimicrobial peptide produced by the liver in response to inflammatory stimuli and iron overload. Iron 99-103 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 17949489-1 2007 BACKGROUND: Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) encompasses genetic disorders of iron overload characterized by deficient expression or function of the iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin. Iron 77-81 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 172-180 17949489-3 2007 Hepcidin inhibits iron export from cells into plasma. Iron 18-22 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 17609338-2 2007 Hepcidin regulates iron homeostasis by mediating the degradation of the iron export protein ferroportin 1, thereby inhibiting iron absorption from the small intestine and release of iron from macrophages. Iron 19-23 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 17609338-2 2007 Hepcidin regulates iron homeostasis by mediating the degradation of the iron export protein ferroportin 1, thereby inhibiting iron absorption from the small intestine and release of iron from macrophages. Iron 72-76 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 17609338-2 2007 Hepcidin regulates iron homeostasis by mediating the degradation of the iron export protein ferroportin 1, thereby inhibiting iron absorption from the small intestine and release of iron from macrophages. Iron 72-76 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 17609338-2 2007 Hepcidin regulates iron homeostasis by mediating the degradation of the iron export protein ferroportin 1, thereby inhibiting iron absorption from the small intestine and release of iron from macrophages. Iron 72-76 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 17609338-7 2007 Iron loading inhibited hepcidin mRNA expression induced by IFN-gamma and M. avium, and iron chelation increased hepcidin mRNA expression. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 23-31 17609338-7 2007 Iron loading inhibited hepcidin mRNA expression induced by IFN-gamma and M. avium, and iron chelation increased hepcidin mRNA expression. Iron 87-91 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 112-120 17299088-0 2007 Ineffective erythropoiesis in beta-thalassemia is characterized by increased iron absorption mediated by down-regulation of hepcidin and up-regulation of ferroportin. Iron 77-81 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 124-132 17299088-6 2007 In young th3/+ and th3/th3 mice, low Hamp1 levels are responsible for increased iron absorption. Iron 80-84 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 37-42 17299088-5 2007 Our study reveals that the degree of IE dictates tissue iron distribution and that IE and iron content regulate hepcidin (Hamp1) and other iron-regulatory genes such as Hfe and Cebpa. Iron 90-94 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 112-120 17299088-5 2007 Our study reveals that the degree of IE dictates tissue iron distribution and that IE and iron content regulate hepcidin (Hamp1) and other iron-regulatory genes such as Hfe and Cebpa. Iron 90-94 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 122-127 17299088-5 2007 Our study reveals that the degree of IE dictates tissue iron distribution and that IE and iron content regulate hepcidin (Hamp1) and other iron-regulatory genes such as Hfe and Cebpa. Iron 90-94 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 112-120 17299088-5 2007 Our study reveals that the degree of IE dictates tissue iron distribution and that IE and iron content regulate hepcidin (Hamp1) and other iron-regulatory genes such as Hfe and Cebpa. Iron 90-94 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 122-127 17264297-3 2007 Contrasting this view, Hfe deficiency causes inappropriately low expression of the hepatic iron hormone hepcidin, which causes increased duodenal iron absorption. Iron 91-95 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 104-112 17264297-3 2007 Contrasting this view, Hfe deficiency causes inappropriately low expression of the hepatic iron hormone hepcidin, which causes increased duodenal iron absorption. Iron 146-150 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 104-112 17264297-8 2007 These findings exclude a primary role for duodenal Hfe in the pathogenesis of HH and support the model according to which Hfe is required for appropriate expression of the "iron hormone" hepcidin which then controls intestinal iron absorption. Iron 173-177 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 187-195 17264297-8 2007 These findings exclude a primary role for duodenal Hfe in the pathogenesis of HH and support the model according to which Hfe is required for appropriate expression of the "iron hormone" hepcidin which then controls intestinal iron absorption. Iron 227-231 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 187-195 17331161-3 2007 Recently, a novel iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin was found that suppresses the absorption of iron from the small intestine and the release of iron from macrophages. Iron 18-22 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 42-50 17331760-0 2007 In vivo imaging of hepcidin promoter stimulation by iron and inflammation. Iron 52-56 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 19-27 17331760-1 2007 Hepcidin is an acute-phase response antimicrobial peptide that has emerged as a central regulator of iron absorption. Iron 101-105 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 17331760-2 2007 Circulating hepcidin levels have been shown to affect iron uptake, release and storage. Iron 54-58 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 12-20 17331760-4 2007 Hypoxia, erythroid demand, iron content and inflammation each have been shown to influence hepcidin mRNA expression in intact animals. Iron 27-31 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 91-99 17331760-5 2007 In vitro, regulation of hepcidin by cytokines and by hypoxia is readily demonstrated in primary hepatocytes or in hepatocyte lines, but incubating the same cell lines with iron does not increase transcription of hepcidin. Iron 172-176 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 24-32 17331760-6 2007 Thus, how iron excess stimulates hepcidin production in hepatocytes remains unknown. Iron 10-14 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 33-41 17331760-7 2007 In addition, there is no current technique available that can investigate how iron induces hepcidin expression. Iron 78-82 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 91-99 17331760-9 2007 Transfected hepcidin promoter constructs were shown to respond to both inflammatory and iron stimuli in vivo. Iron 88-92 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 12-20 17331760-10 2007 This work highlights the ability of this new imaging technique to investigate the key regions of the hepcidin promoter involved in iron induction of hepcidin expression. Iron 131-135 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 101-109 17331760-10 2007 This work highlights the ability of this new imaging technique to investigate the key regions of the hepcidin promoter involved in iron induction of hepcidin expression. Iron 131-135 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 149-157 17255318-1 2007 Genetic iron overload, or hemochromatosis, can be caused by mutations in HFE, hemojuvelin, and hepcidin genes. Iron 8-12 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 95-103 17207112-2 2007 The liver-derived peptide hepcidin is the central regulator of iron homeostasis and recent animal studies have demonstrated that exposure to alcohol reduces hepcidin expression. Iron 63-67 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 26-34 17207112-3 2007 This down-regulation of hepcidin in vivo implies that disturbed iron sensing may contribute to the hepatosiderosis seen in alcoholic liver disease. Iron 64-68 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 24-32 17316628-0 2007 Iron overload in Hepc1(-/-) mice is not impairing glucose homeostasis. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 17-22 17316628-3 2007 We assess glucose homeostasis status in iron-overloaded hepcidin-deficient mice. Iron 40-44 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 56-64 17331161-3 2007 Recently, a novel iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin was found that suppresses the absorption of iron from the small intestine and the release of iron from macrophages. Iron 95-99 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 42-50 16982849-2 2007 Hepcidin is an important iron regulatory hormone, and hemojuvelin may regulate hepcidin synthesis via the multifunctional membrane receptor neogenin. Iron 25-29 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 17241879-1 2007 BACKGROUND & AIMS: Hepcidin is a peptide hormone that is central to the regulation of iron homeostasis. Iron 90-94 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 23-31 17241879-2 2007 In response to interleukin 6 (IL-6), hepatocytes produce hepcidin that decreases iron release/transfer from enterocytes and macrophages and causes hypoferremia. Iron 81-85 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 57-65 16935308-4 2006 The function of hepcidin in regulating iron absorption is modeled through an inverse relationship between hepatocyte transferrin receptor 2 (TfR2) levels and the rate of iron export processes mediated by ferroportin (Fpn). Iron 39-43 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 16-24 16935308-4 2006 The function of hepcidin in regulating iron absorption is modeled through an inverse relationship between hepatocyte transferrin receptor 2 (TfR2) levels and the rate of iron export processes mediated by ferroportin (Fpn). Iron 170-174 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 16-24 16565419-0 2006 Distinct requirements for Hfe in basal and induced hepcidin levels in iron overload and inflammation. Iron 70-74 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 51-59 16902156-1 2006 Hepcidin is the presumed negative regulator of systemic iron levels; its expression is induced in iron overload, infection, and inflammation, and by cytokines, but is suppressed in hypoxia and anemia. Iron 56-60 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 16902156-1 2006 Hepcidin is the presumed negative regulator of systemic iron levels; its expression is induced in iron overload, infection, and inflammation, and by cytokines, but is suppressed in hypoxia and anemia. Iron 98-102 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 16574947-6 2006 Confirming our prior results, Hepc1(-/-) mice developed early and severe multivisceral iron overload, with sparing of the spleen macrophages, and demonstrated increased serum iron and ferritin levels as compared with their controls. Iron 175-179 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 30-35 16882706-1 2006 Hepcidin, the principal iron regulatory hormone, regulates the absorption of iron from the diet and the mobilization of iron from stores. Iron 24-28 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 16882706-1 2006 Hepcidin, the principal iron regulatory hormone, regulates the absorption of iron from the diet and the mobilization of iron from stores. Iron 77-81 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 16882706-1 2006 Hepcidin, the principal iron regulatory hormone, regulates the absorption of iron from the diet and the mobilization of iron from stores. Iron 77-81 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 16882706-2 2006 Previous studies indicated that hepcidin is suppressed during anemia, a response that would appropriately increase the absorption of iron and its release from stores. Iron 133-137 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 32-40 16882706-4 2006 The suppression of hepcidin necessary to match iron supply to erythropoietic demand thus requires increased erythropoiesis and is not directly mediated by anemia, tissue hypoxia, or erythropoietin. Iron 47-51 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 19-27 16939499-2 2006 In a mouse model of beta-thalassaemia, we observed that the liver expressed relatively low levels of hepcidin, which is a key factor in the regulation of iron absorption by the gut and of iron recycling by the reticuloendothelial system. Iron 154-158 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 101-109 16939499-2 2006 In a mouse model of beta-thalassaemia, we observed that the liver expressed relatively low levels of hepcidin, which is a key factor in the regulation of iron absorption by the gut and of iron recycling by the reticuloendothelial system. Iron 188-192 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 101-109 16648237-10 2006 These findings are consistent with the current model that HAMP production leads to a decreased iron efflux. Iron 95-99 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 58-62 16648237-11 2006 Our studies suggest that iron mobilization by alveolar macrophages can be affected by iron and LPS via several pathways, including HAMP-mediated degradation of FPN1, and that these cells may use unique regulatory mechanisms to cope with iron imbalance in the lung. Iron 25-29 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 131-135 16648237-11 2006 Our studies suggest that iron mobilization by alveolar macrophages can be affected by iron and LPS via several pathways, including HAMP-mediated degradation of FPN1, and that these cells may use unique regulatory mechanisms to cope with iron imbalance in the lung. Iron 86-90 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 131-135 16648237-11 2006 Our studies suggest that iron mobilization by alveolar macrophages can be affected by iron and LPS via several pathways, including HAMP-mediated degradation of FPN1, and that these cells may use unique regulatory mechanisms to cope with iron imbalance in the lung. Iron 86-90 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 131-135 16933319-0 2006 Distribution of the iron-regulating protein hepcidin in the murine central nervous system. Iron 20-24 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 44-52 16933319-3 2006 It has been discovered recently that hepcidin plays an essential role in iron metabolism outside the CNS. Iron 73-77 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 37-45 16933319-8 2006 Because hepcidin action in organs outside the CNS is linked to iron homeostasis, we speculate that it is also involved in such processes in the CNS, putatively together with other iron regulating proteins. Iron 63-67 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 8-16 16933319-8 2006 Because hepcidin action in organs outside the CNS is linked to iron homeostasis, we speculate that it is also involved in such processes in the CNS, putatively together with other iron regulating proteins. Iron 180-184 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 8-16 16574947-3 2006 At that time, although the role of USF2 was still confounding, we proposed for the first time the role of hepcidin as a negative regulator of iron absorption and iron release from macrophages. Iron 142-146 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 106-114 16574947-3 2006 At that time, although the role of USF2 was still confounding, we proposed for the first time the role of hepcidin as a negative regulator of iron absorption and iron release from macrophages. Iron 162-166 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 106-114 16574947-6 2006 Confirming our prior results, Hepc1(-/-) mice developed early and severe multivisceral iron overload, with sparing of the spleen macrophages, and demonstrated increased serum iron and ferritin levels as compared with their controls. Iron 87-91 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 30-35 16565419-1 2006 Hepcidin is a negative regulator of iron absorption produced mainly by the liver in response to changes in iron stores and inflammation, and its levels have been shown to regulate the intestinal basolateral iron transporter ferroportin1 (Fp1). Iron 36-40 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 16565419-1 2006 Hepcidin is a negative regulator of iron absorption produced mainly by the liver in response to changes in iron stores and inflammation, and its levels have been shown to regulate the intestinal basolateral iron transporter ferroportin1 (Fp1). Iron 107-111 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 16755567-6 2006 In our work, we measured by RQ-PCR the liver mRNA expression of hepcidin and other iron regulatory genes in beta-thalassemia major mouse model (C57Bl/6 Hbb(th3/th3)), and compared it with beta-thalassemia intermedia mouse model (C57Bl/6 Hbb(th3/+)) and control mice. Iron 83-87 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 64-72 16928320-0 2006 [An iron regulator hepcidin is affected by EPO]. Iron 4-8 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 19-27 16801541-1 2006 Recently, it has been suggested that hepcidin, a peptide involved in iron homeostasis, is regulated by bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), apparently by binding to hemojuvelin (Hjv) as a coreceptor and signaling through Smad4. Iron 69-73 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 37-45 16755567-8 2006 Significant down-regulation of hepcidin expression in beta-thalassemia major, despite iron overload, might explain the increased iron absorption typically observed in thalassemia. Iron 86-90 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 31-39 16755567-8 2006 Significant down-regulation of hepcidin expression in beta-thalassemia major, despite iron overload, might explain the increased iron absorption typically observed in thalassemia. Iron 129-133 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 31-39 16239432-0 2006 Iron metabolism in the hemoglobin-deficit mouse: correlation of diferric transferrin with hepcidin expression. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 90-98 16332970-2 2006 Hepcidin is an acute-phase protein with specific iron regulatory properties, which, along with the anemia seen with increased hepcidin expression, have led many to consider it the major mediator of ACD. Iron 49-53 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 16332970-6 2006 These studies suggest that hepcidin may contribute to anemia in ACD not only through effects on iron metabolism, but also through inhibition of erythroid progenitor proliferation and survival. Iron 96-100 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 27-35 16418170-4 2006 A significant delay in developmental up-regulation of hepcidin (Hamp), the pivotal hormonal regulator of iron homeostasis, correlated with high levels of Fpn1 expression in hepatic Kupffer cells and duodenal epithelial cells at 7 weeks of age. Iron 105-109 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 54-62 16418170-4 2006 A significant delay in developmental up-regulation of hepcidin (Hamp), the pivotal hormonal regulator of iron homeostasis, correlated with high levels of Fpn1 expression in hepatic Kupffer cells and duodenal epithelial cells at 7 weeks of age. Iron 105-109 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 64-68 16418170-6 2006 Hamp regulation due to iron did not appear dependent on transcription-level changes of the murine homolog of Hemojuvelin (Rgmc). Iron 23-27 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-4 16418170-8 2006 Thus, similar to the anemia of chronic disease, these findings demonstrate decreased iron bioavailability due to sustained down-regulation of Fpn1 levels by Hamp. Iron 85-89 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 157-161 16339398-0 2006 Chronic hepcidin induction causes hyposideremia and alters the pattern of cellular iron accumulation in hemochromatotic mice. Iron 83-87 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 8-16 16339398-1 2006 We report the generation of a tetracycline-regulated (Tet ON) transgenic mouse model for acute and chronic expression of the iron regulatory peptide hepcidin in the liver. Iron 125-129 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 149-157 16339398-2 2006 We demonstrate that short-term and long-term tetracycline-dependent activation of hepcidin in adult mice leads to hypoferremia and iron-limited erythropoiesis, respectively. Iron 131-135 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 82-90 16339398-3 2006 This clearly establishes the key role of hepcidin in regulating the extracellular iron concentration. Iron 82-86 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 41-49 16339398-4 2006 We previously demonstrated that, when expressed early in fetal development, constitutive transgenic hepcidin expression prevented iron accumulation in an Hfe-/- mouse model of hemochromatosis. Iron 130-134 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 100-108 16339398-6 2006 We demonstrate that induction of chronic hepcidin expression in 2-month-old Hfe-/- mice alters their pattern of cellular iron accumulation, leading to increased iron in tissue macrophages and duodenal cells but less iron in hepatocytes. Iron 121-125 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 41-49 16339398-6 2006 We demonstrate that induction of chronic hepcidin expression in 2-month-old Hfe-/- mice alters their pattern of cellular iron accumulation, leading to increased iron in tissue macrophages and duodenal cells but less iron in hepatocytes. Iron 161-165 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 41-49 16339398-6 2006 We demonstrate that induction of chronic hepcidin expression in 2-month-old Hfe-/- mice alters their pattern of cellular iron accumulation, leading to increased iron in tissue macrophages and duodenal cells but less iron in hepatocytes. Iron 161-165 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 41-49 16339398-7 2006 These hepcidin-induced changes in the pattern of cellular iron accumulation are associated with decreased expression of the iron exporter ferroportin in macrophages but no detectable alteration of ferroportin expression in the hepatocytes. Iron 58-62 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 6-14 16339398-7 2006 These hepcidin-induced changes in the pattern of cellular iron accumulation are associated with decreased expression of the iron exporter ferroportin in macrophages but no detectable alteration of ferroportin expression in the hepatocytes. Iron 124-128 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 6-14 16239432-1 2006 The iron requirements of the erythroid compartment modulate the expression of hepcidin in the liver, which in turn alters intestinal iron absorption and iron release from the reticuloendothelial system. Iron 4-8 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 78-86 16239432-1 2006 The iron requirements of the erythroid compartment modulate the expression of hepcidin in the liver, which in turn alters intestinal iron absorption and iron release from the reticuloendothelial system. Iron 133-137 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 78-86 16239432-1 2006 The iron requirements of the erythroid compartment modulate the expression of hepcidin in the liver, which in turn alters intestinal iron absorption and iron release from the reticuloendothelial system. Iron 133-137 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 78-86 16239432-6 2006 However, this apparent inappropriate regulation of hepcidin correlated with increased transferrin saturation and levels of diferric transferrin in the plasma, which in turn resulted from the reduced capacity of hbd animals to effectively use transferrin-bound iron. Iron 260-264 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 51-59 26443573-8 2006 Hepcidin is induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mouse spleens and splenic macrophage in vitro and appears to mediate the LPS-induced down-regulation of ferroportin in the intestine and in splenic macrophages, suggesting that inflammatory agents may regulate iron metabolism through modulation of ferroportin expression. Iron 261-265 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 16629180-2 2006 A likely role for Hepc in iron metabolism was suggested by the observation that mice having disruption of the gene encoding the transcription factor USF2 failed to produce Hepc mRNA and developed spontaneous visceral iron overload. Iron 26-30 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 18-22 16629180-2 2006 A likely role for Hepc in iron metabolism was suggested by the observation that mice having disruption of the gene encoding the transcription factor USF2 failed to produce Hepc mRNA and developed spontaneous visceral iron overload. Iron 217-221 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 18-22 17007103-7 2006 A decrease in circulating hepcidin increases the expression of proteins participating in non-haem iron uptake, but has no significant effect on Hcp1 mRNA content. Iron 98-102 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 26-34 16497104-1 2006 Hepcidin, a key regulator of iron metabolism, decreases intestinal absorption of iron and its release from macrophages. Iron 29-33 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 16497104-1 2006 Hepcidin, a key regulator of iron metabolism, decreases intestinal absorption of iron and its release from macrophages. Iron 81-85 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 16351643-2 2005 Hepcidin, a liver-produced peptide, has recently been identified as a negative regulator of iron absorption in various conditions associated with altered iron metabolism (e.g. inflammation, anaemia, hypoxia). Iron 92-96 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 16497104-2 2006 Iron, anemia, hypoxia, and inflammation were reported to influence hepcidin expression. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 67-75 16497104-11 2006 We propose that hepcidin is exclusively sensitive to iron utilization for erythropoiesis and hepatocyte iron balance, and these changes are not sensed by other genes involved in the control of iron metabolism in the liver. Iron 53-57 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 16-24 16497104-11 2006 We propose that hepcidin is exclusively sensitive to iron utilization for erythropoiesis and hepatocyte iron balance, and these changes are not sensed by other genes involved in the control of iron metabolism in the liver. Iron 104-108 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 16-24 16497104-11 2006 We propose that hepcidin is exclusively sensitive to iron utilization for erythropoiesis and hepatocyte iron balance, and these changes are not sensed by other genes involved in the control of iron metabolism in the liver. Iron 104-108 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 16-24 16351643-2 2005 Hepcidin, a liver-produced peptide, has recently been identified as a negative regulator of iron absorption in various conditions associated with altered iron metabolism (e.g. inflammation, anaemia, hypoxia). Iron 154-158 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 16132052-5 2005 In turn, recent findings from studies of knockout mice and functional studies have confirmed that HAMP plays a central role in mobilization of iron, shown that HFE, TFR2 and HJV modulate HAMP production according to the body"s iron status, and demonstrated that HAMP negatively regulates cellular iron efflux by affecting the ferroportin cell surface availability. Iron 143-147 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 98-102 16132052-5 2005 In turn, recent findings from studies of knockout mice and functional studies have confirmed that HAMP plays a central role in mobilization of iron, shown that HFE, TFR2 and HJV modulate HAMP production according to the body"s iron status, and demonstrated that HAMP negatively regulates cellular iron efflux by affecting the ferroportin cell surface availability. Iron 227-231 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 98-102 16132052-5 2005 In turn, recent findings from studies of knockout mice and functional studies have confirmed that HAMP plays a central role in mobilization of iron, shown that HFE, TFR2 and HJV modulate HAMP production according to the body"s iron status, and demonstrated that HAMP negatively regulates cellular iron efflux by affecting the ferroportin cell surface availability. Iron 227-231 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 98-102 15933050-1 2005 Hepcidin is the principal iron regulatory hormone and its overproduction contributes to anemia of inflammation (AI). Iron 26-30 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 16024130-1 2005 BACKGROUND/AIMS: Hepcidin is a liver-expressed peptide which plays an important role in the regulation of iron metabolism. Iron 106-110 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 17-25 16083989-3 2005 RESULTS: Iron initially accumulated in spleen macrophages but with subsequent increase in macrophage ferroportin and ferritin expression its content in the spleen decreased while a progressive storage of iron occurred within hepatocytes which was paralleled by a significant increase in hepcidin and hemojuvelin expression. Iron 9-13 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 287-295 16083989-6 2005 In parallel, the transfer of iron from the gut to the circulation is diminished which may be referred to interference of hepcidin with ferroportin mediated iron export, thus preventing body iron accumulation. Iron 29-33 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 121-129 16083989-6 2005 In parallel, the transfer of iron from the gut to the circulation is diminished which may be referred to interference of hepcidin with ferroportin mediated iron export, thus preventing body iron accumulation. Iron 156-160 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 121-129 16083989-6 2005 In parallel, the transfer of iron from the gut to the circulation is diminished which may be referred to interference of hepcidin with ferroportin mediated iron export, thus preventing body iron accumulation. Iron 156-160 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 121-129 15933050-10 2005 The rapid and sustained action of a single dose of hepcidin makes it an appealing agent for the prevention of iron accumulation in hereditary hemochromatosis. Iron 110-114 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 51-59 15914561-2 2005 Patients with HH and Hfe-deficient (Hfe-/-) mice manifest inappropriate expression of the iron absorption regulator hepcidin, a peptide hormone produced by the liver in response to iron loading. Iron 90-94 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 116-124 15933050-2 2005 In vitro, hepcidin binds to and induces the degradation of the exclusive iron exporter ferroportin. Iron 73-77 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 10-18 15914561-2 2005 Patients with HH and Hfe-deficient (Hfe-/-) mice manifest inappropriate expression of the iron absorption regulator hepcidin, a peptide hormone produced by the liver in response to iron loading. Iron 181-185 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 116-124 15933050-4 2005 A single intraperitoneal injection of hepcidin caused a rapid fall of serum iron in a dose-dependent manner, with a 50-microg dose resulting in iron levels 80% lower than in control mice. Iron 76-80 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 38-46 15933050-4 2005 A single intraperitoneal injection of hepcidin caused a rapid fall of serum iron in a dose-dependent manner, with a 50-microg dose resulting in iron levels 80% lower than in control mice. Iron 144-148 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 38-46 15933050-9 2005 Our study highlights the central role of the hepcidin-ferroportin interaction in iron homeostasis. Iron 81-85 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 45-53 15744772-3 2005 In HFE +/+ mice dietary iron supplementation increased hepatic expression of hepcidin which was paralleled by decreased iron regulatory protein (IRP) activity, and reduced expression of divalent metal transporter-1 (DMT-1) and duodenal cytochrome b (Dcytb) in the enterocyte. Iron 24-28 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 77-85 16154838-8 2005 RESULTS: Hepc RNA was reduced after phlebotomy and increased in iron overload. Iron 64-68 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 9-13 16154838-13 2005 In parenteral iron overload, Tfr2 gene and protein expression decreased concomitant to the increase in Hepc, while Hfe RNA remained constant. Iron 14-18 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 103-107 15744772-4 2005 In HFE -/- mice hepcidin formation was diminished upon iron challenge which was associated with decreased hepatic transferrin receptor (TfR)-2 levels. Iron 55-59 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 16-24 15744772-7 2005 Our data suggest that the feed back regulation of duodenal iron absorption by hepcidin is impaired in HFE -/- mice, a model for genetic hemochromatosis. Iron 59-63 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 78-86 15744772-8 2005 This change may be linked to inappropriate iron sensing by the liver based on decreased TfR-2 expression, resulting in reduced circulating hepcidin levels and an inappropriate up-regulation of Dcytb and DMT-1 driven iron absorption. Iron 43-47 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 139-147 15713792-2 2005 To understand the mechanisms whereby hepcidin controls iron homeostasis in vivo, we have analyzed the level of iron-related proteins by Western blot and immunohistochemistry in hepcidin-deficient mice, a mouse model of severe hemochromatosis. Iron 55-59 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 37-45 16075058-2 2005 Dietary iron sensing and inflammation converge in the control of iron absorption and retention by regulating the expression of hepcidin, a regulator of the iron exporter ferroportin. Iron 8-12 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 127-135 16075058-2 2005 Dietary iron sensing and inflammation converge in the control of iron absorption and retention by regulating the expression of hepcidin, a regulator of the iron exporter ferroportin. Iron 65-69 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 127-135 16075058-2 2005 Dietary iron sensing and inflammation converge in the control of iron absorption and retention by regulating the expression of hepcidin, a regulator of the iron exporter ferroportin. Iron 65-69 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 127-135 15951546-10 2005 CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that TfR2 is required for iron regulated expression of hepcidin and is involved in a pathway related to Hfe and hemojuvelin. Iron 59-63 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 88-96 15932798-4 2005 Hepcidin has been hypothesized to be the mediator of iron- and inflammation-induced changes in iron metabolism. Iron 53-57 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 15932798-4 2005 Hepcidin has been hypothesized to be the mediator of iron- and inflammation-induced changes in iron metabolism. Iron 95-99 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 15932798-5 2005 The molecular details of the connection between iron metabolism, hepcidin and inflammation have become clearer with the recent finding of hepcidin-induced internalization and degradation of FPN1. Iron 48-52 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 138-146 15713792-0 2005 Deregulation of proteins involved in iron metabolism in hepcidin-deficient mice. Iron 37-41 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 56-64 15713792-1 2005 Evidence is accumulating that hepcidin, a liver regulatory peptide, could be the common pathogenetic denominator of all forms of iron overload syndromes including HFE-related hemochromatosis, the most prevalent genetic disorder characterized by inappropriate iron absorption. Iron 129-133 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 30-38 16339690-0 2005 Exploring the role of hepcidin, an antimicrobial and iron regulatory peptide, in increased iron absorption in beta-thalassemia. Iron 53-57 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 22-30 16054057-1 2005 Ferroportin is the sole cellular efflux channel for iron and is regulated by the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin, which binds ferroportin and induces its internalization and degradation. Iron 52-56 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 105-113 16054057-1 2005 Ferroportin is the sole cellular efflux channel for iron and is regulated by the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin, which binds ferroportin and induces its internalization and degradation. Iron 81-85 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 105-113 15684062-1 2005 Hepcidin is a peptide that regulates iron homeostasis by inhibiting iron absorption by the small intestine and release of iron from macrophages. Iron 37-41 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 15684062-1 2005 Hepcidin is a peptide that regulates iron homeostasis by inhibiting iron absorption by the small intestine and release of iron from macrophages. Iron 68-72 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 15684062-1 2005 Hepcidin is a peptide that regulates iron homeostasis by inhibiting iron absorption by the small intestine and release of iron from macrophages. Iron 68-72 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 15737887-2 2005 Four genes are responsible for the distinct types of non-HFE haemochromatosis: hepcidin and hemojuvelin are the genes involved in type 2 or juvenile haemochromatosis, transferrin receptor 2 is involved in type 3 haemochromatosis, and ferroportin 1 is mutated in type 4, the atypical dominant form of primary iron overload. Iron 308-312 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 79-87 15737887-4 2005 A milestone was the discovery that hepcidin, the key iron regulator in mice, is the gene mutated in the most severe, juvenile form of haemochromatosis. Iron 53-57 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 35-43 15737887-5 2005 This finding indicates a fundamental role of hepcidin in inhibiting both iron absorption from duodenal cells and iron release from macrophages, and has opened up a new view of haemochromatosis as a disorder of hepcidin. Iron 73-77 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 45-53 15737887-5 2005 This finding indicates a fundamental role of hepcidin in inhibiting both iron absorption from duodenal cells and iron release from macrophages, and has opened up a new view of haemochromatosis as a disorder of hepcidin. Iron 113-117 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 45-53 15793843-0 2005 Iron- and inflammation-induced hepcidin gene expression in mice is not mediated by Kupffer cells in vivo. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 31-39 15793843-1 2005 Hepcidin, a recently discovered iron regulatory peptide, is believed to inhibit the release of iron from absorptive enterocytes and macrophages. Iron 32-36 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 15793843-2 2005 Liver hepcidin synthesis is induced in vivo by iron stores and inflammation. Iron 47-51 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 6-14 15793843-5 2005 For this, we depleted Kupffer cells by injection of liposome-encapsulated clodronate and then studied iron- and inflammation-induced hepcidin gene expression. Iron 102-106 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 133-141 15793843-7 2005 Our results show that iron is able to induce hepcidin gene expression independently of Kupffer cells in the liver and circulating IL-6. Iron 22-26 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 45-53 15793843-9 2005 In conclusion, these results show that two independent regulatory pathways control hepcidin gene expression and suggest that hepatocytes play a key role in the regulation of hepcidin gene expression by sensing iron and inflammatory signals. Iron 210-214 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 174-182 15378275-2 2005 Mice rendered iron deficient by feeding a low-iron diet for 3-4 weeks showed low levels of hepatic non-haem iron and hepcidin mRNA, with reduced urinary 5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) excretion and enhanced intestinal iron absorption. Iron 14-18 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 117-125 15378275-2 2005 Mice rendered iron deficient by feeding a low-iron diet for 3-4 weeks showed low levels of hepatic non-haem iron and hepcidin mRNA, with reduced urinary 5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) excretion and enhanced intestinal iron absorption. Iron 46-50 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 117-125 15378275-2 2005 Mice rendered iron deficient by feeding a low-iron diet for 3-4 weeks showed low levels of hepatic non-haem iron and hepcidin mRNA, with reduced urinary 5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) excretion and enhanced intestinal iron absorption. Iron 46-50 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 117-125 15378275-4 2005 Iron-loaded mice had markedly increased liver non-haem iron and hepcidin mRNA, with increased urinary ALA excretion. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 64-72 15726660-4 2005 Hepcidin messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was studied by Northern blot and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis in mice that were treated with 40 mg/kg gadolinium (III) chloride (GdCl(3)) as a Kupffer cell inactivating agent and subjected to inflammatory challenges with either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and turpentine or iron overload by iron-dextran administration. Iron 340-344 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 15479721-0 2005 Hepcidin excess induces the sequestration of iron and exacerbates tumor-associated anemia. Iron 45-49 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 15479721-5 2005 Despite abundant dietary iron, mice with hepcidin-producing tumors developed more severe anemia, lower serum iron, and increased hepatic iron compared with mice with control tumors. Iron 109-113 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 41-49 15479721-5 2005 Despite abundant dietary iron, mice with hepcidin-producing tumors developed more severe anemia, lower serum iron, and increased hepatic iron compared with mice with control tumors. Iron 109-113 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 41-49 15479721-6 2005 Hepcidin contributes to AI by shunting iron away from erythropoiesis and sequestering it in the liver, predominantly in hepatocytes. Iron 39-43 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 15665091-0 2005 Iron release from macrophages after erythrophagocytosis is up-regulated by ferroportin 1 overexpression and down-regulated by hepcidin. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 126-134 15665091-6 2005 Treatment of cells with the peptide hormone hepcidin, a systemic regulator of iron metabolism, dramatically decreased FPN1 protein levels and significantly reduced the efflux of 59Fe after erythrophagocytosis. Iron 78-82 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 44-52 16339690-0 2005 Exploring the role of hepcidin, an antimicrobial and iron regulatory peptide, in increased iron absorption in beta-thalassemia. Iron 91-95 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 22-30 16339690-2 2005 Iron metabolism in thalassemia mice being investigated, focusing on the expression of a gene called hepcidin (Hamp), which is expressed in the liver and whose product (Hamp) is secreted into the bloodstream. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 100-108 16339690-2 2005 Iron metabolism in thalassemia mice being investigated, focusing on the expression of a gene called hepcidin (Hamp), which is expressed in the liver and whose product (Hamp) is secreted into the bloodstream. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 110-114 16339690-3 2005 In mice, iron overload leads to overexpression of Hamp, while Hamp-knockout mice suffer from hemochromatosis. Iron 9-13 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 50-54 16339690-4 2005 The aim of this study is to investigate Hamp in the mouse model of beta-thalassemia and to address the potential gene transfer of Hamp to prevent abnormal iron absorption. Iron 155-159 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 130-134 15158327-7 2004 Both hepatic HAMP and HAMP2 mRNA levels were elevated by iron overload, but treatment with lipopolysaccharide increased only HAMP mRNA. Iron 57-61 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 13-17 15315977-2 2004 Expression of HAMP is regulated by iron status or infection, whereas regulation of HJV is yet unknown. Iron 35-39 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 14-18 15315977-3 2004 Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, we compared expression of Hamp and Rgmc (the murine ortholog of HJV) in livers of mice treated with iron, erythropoietin, or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as well as during fetal and postnatal development. Iron 156-160 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 82-86 15315977-4 2004 Iron overload increased Hamp expression without effect on Rgmc mRNA. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 24-28 15315790-3 2004 We report that beta2m-deficient mice, like Hfe-/- mice, lack the adaptive hepatic hepcidin mRNA increase to iron overload. Iron 108-112 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 82-90 15315790-4 2004 The inverse correlation of hepatic iron levels and hepcidin mRNA expression in six beta2m-/- mice underlines the importance of hepcidin in regulating body iron stores. Iron 155-159 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 127-135 15382617-0 2004 [Hepcidin, the negative regulator of iron absorbtion]. Iron 37-41 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 1-9 15382617-5 2004 Hepcidin is an acute phase peptide, its production is increased in inflammation and in iron overload. Iron 87-91 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 15382617-6 2004 According to evidence obtained in mouse models hepcidin decreases the iron absorbtion in the small intestine and inhibits iron release from macrophage and iron transport across placenta. Iron 70-74 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 47-55 15382617-6 2004 According to evidence obtained in mouse models hepcidin decreases the iron absorbtion in the small intestine and inhibits iron release from macrophage and iron transport across placenta. Iron 122-126 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 47-55 15382617-6 2004 According to evidence obtained in mouse models hepcidin decreases the iron absorbtion in the small intestine and inhibits iron release from macrophage and iron transport across placenta. Iron 122-126 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 47-55 15382617-7 2004 Hereby the hepcidin decreases the plasma iron level. Iron 41-45 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 11-19 15382617-9 2004 The discovery of hepcidin and its role in iron metabolism could lead to new diagnostic possibilities on the field of hemochromatosis, other iron-regulatory diseases and anaemia of inflammation. Iron 42-46 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 17-25 15382617-9 2004 The discovery of hepcidin and its role in iron metabolism could lead to new diagnostic possibilities on the field of hemochromatosis, other iron-regulatory diseases and anaemia of inflammation. Iron 140-144 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 17-25 15192150-1 2004 The antimicrobial peptide hepcidin appears to play a central role in the regulation of iron homeostasis. Iron 87-91 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 26-34 15192150-2 2004 In intact animals, iron overload or the injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulates transcription of HAMP, the gene that encodes hepcidin. Iron 19-23 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 134-142 15345587-6 2005 Expression of hepcidin mRNA in the TfR2 mutant mice remained low even after intraperitoneal iron loading. Iron 92-96 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 14-22 15345587-8 2005 These results suggest that up-regulation of hepcidin expression by inflammatory stimuli is independent of TfR2 and that TfR2 is upstream of hepcidin in the regulatory pathway of body iron homeostasis. Iron 183-187 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 140-148 15314524-4 2004 RECENT FINDINGS: The essential role of hepcidin in iron metabolism is being elucidated through mouse and human genetics, biochemistry, and cell biology. Iron 51-55 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 39-47 15158327-7 2004 Both hepatic HAMP and HAMP2 mRNA levels were elevated by iron overload, but treatment with lipopolysaccharide increased only HAMP mRNA. Iron 57-61 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 22-26 15173932-7 2004 This was paralleled by reduced amounts of DMT-1 and FP-1 in the duodenum while the expression of DMT-1, FP-1, and hepcidin in the liver were increased with dietary iron overload. Iron 164-168 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 114-122 14656876-4 2004 In mice, deficiency of either HFE (Hfe(-/-)) or hepcidin (Usf2(-/-)) is associated with the same pattern of iron overload observed in patients with HH. Iron 108-112 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 48-56 15173932-9 2004 These measures control duodenal iron transport and liver iron homeostasis by modulating HFE expression either directly or via stimulation of iron sensitive regulatory molecules, such as hepcidin, which then exert their effects on body iron homeostasis. Iron 32-36 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 186-194 15173932-9 2004 These measures control duodenal iron transport and liver iron homeostasis by modulating HFE expression either directly or via stimulation of iron sensitive regulatory molecules, such as hepcidin, which then exert their effects on body iron homeostasis. Iron 57-61 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 186-194 15173932-9 2004 These measures control duodenal iron transport and liver iron homeostasis by modulating HFE expression either directly or via stimulation of iron sensitive regulatory molecules, such as hepcidin, which then exert their effects on body iron homeostasis. Iron 57-61 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 186-194 15173932-9 2004 These measures control duodenal iron transport and liver iron homeostasis by modulating HFE expression either directly or via stimulation of iron sensitive regulatory molecules, such as hepcidin, which then exert their effects on body iron homeostasis. Iron 57-61 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 186-194 14751922-4 2004 Hepcidin significantly reduced mucosal iron uptake and transfer to the carcass at doses of at least 10 microg/mouse per day, the reduction in transfer to the carcass being proportional to the reduction in iron uptake. Iron 205-209 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 14751922-8 2004 Similar effects of hepcidin on iron absorption were seen in iron-deficient and Hfe knockout mice. Iron 31-35 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 19-27 14751922-9 2004 Hepcidin inhibited the uptake step of duodenal iron absorption but did not affect the proportion of iron transferred to the circulation. Iron 47-51 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 14751922-11 2004 The data support a key role for hepcidin in the regulation of intestinal iron uptake. Iron 73-77 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 32-40 14751922-0 2004 Effect of hepcidin on intestinal iron absorption in mice. Iron 33-37 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 10-18 14751922-1 2004 The effect of the putative iron regulatory peptide hepcidin on iron absorption was investigated in mice. Iron 27-31 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 51-59 14751922-1 2004 The effect of the putative iron regulatory peptide hepcidin on iron absorption was investigated in mice. Iron 63-67 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 51-59 14751922-2 2004 Hepcidin peptide was synthesized and injected into mice for up to 3 days, and in vivo iron absorption was measured with tied-off segments of duodenum. Iron 86-90 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 14751922-4 2004 Hepcidin significantly reduced mucosal iron uptake and transfer to the carcass at doses of at least 10 microg/mouse per day, the reduction in transfer to the carcass being proportional to the reduction in iron uptake. Iron 39-43 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 15098034-5 2004 Hepcidin antimicrobial peptide (Hamp) is a hepatic defensin-like peptide hormone that inhibits duodenal iron absorption and macrophage iron release. Iron 104-108 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-30 15098034-5 2004 Hepcidin antimicrobial peptide (Hamp) is a hepatic defensin-like peptide hormone that inhibits duodenal iron absorption and macrophage iron release. Iron 104-108 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 32-36 15098034-5 2004 Hepcidin antimicrobial peptide (Hamp) is a hepatic defensin-like peptide hormone that inhibits duodenal iron absorption and macrophage iron release. Iron 135-139 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-30 15098034-5 2004 Hepcidin antimicrobial peptide (Hamp) is a hepatic defensin-like peptide hormone that inhibits duodenal iron absorption and macrophage iron release. Iron 135-139 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 32-36 15098034-6 2004 Hamp is part of the type II acute phase response and is thought to have a crucial regulatory role in sequestering iron in the context of ACD. Iron 114-118 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-4 15084469-7 2004 Delayed upregulation of the negative hormonal regulator of iron homeostasis, hepcidin (Hamp), during postnatal development correlates strongly with profound increases in Fpn1 protein levels and polycythemia in Pcm heterozygotes. Iron 59-63 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 77-85 14604961-1 2004 Hepcidin is a 25-amino acid peptide involved in iron homeostasis in mice and humans. Iron 48-52 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 15084469-7 2004 Delayed upregulation of the negative hormonal regulator of iron homeostasis, hepcidin (Hamp), during postnatal development correlates strongly with profound increases in Fpn1 protein levels and polycythemia in Pcm heterozygotes. Iron 59-63 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 87-91 15084469-8 2004 Thus, our data suggest that a Hamp-mediated regulatory interference alleviates the defects in iron homeostasis and transient alterations in erythropoiesis caused by a regulatory mutation in Fpn1. Iron 94-98 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 30-34 15003819-1 2004 Hepcidin (HEPC) plays a key role in iron homeostasis and an abnormally low level of hepcidin mRNA has been reported in HFE-1 genetic hemochromatosis. Iron 36-40 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 14630809-4 2004 Hepcidin is a hepatic antimicrobial-like peptide whose role in iron homeostasis was first defined in animal models; deficiency of hepcidin in mice leads to iron overload, whereas its hepatic overexpression in transgenic animals causes iron deficiency. Iron 63-67 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 14630809-4 2004 Hepcidin is a hepatic antimicrobial-like peptide whose role in iron homeostasis was first defined in animal models; deficiency of hepcidin in mice leads to iron overload, whereas its hepatic overexpression in transgenic animals causes iron deficiency. Iron 156-160 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 15003819-1 2004 Hepcidin (HEPC) plays a key role in iron homeostasis and an abnormally low level of hepcidin mRNA has been reported in HFE-1 genetic hemochromatosis. Iron 36-40 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 10-14 14564671-1 2003 Recently discovered peptide-hepcidin (Hepc) may be a central player in the communication of iron body stores to the intestinal absorptive cells and thus involved in the maintenance of iron homeostasis. Iron 92-96 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 28-36 14704284-3 2004 A lack of hepcidin expression has been associated with iron overload and overexpression of hepcidin results in iron-deficiency anemia in mice. Iron 55-59 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 10-18 14704284-4 2004 In addition, hepcidin levels decrease in mice fed a low iron diet and increase in mice fed a high iron diet. Iron 56-60 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 13-21 14704284-4 2004 In addition, hepcidin levels decrease in mice fed a low iron diet and increase in mice fed a high iron diet. Iron 98-102 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 13-21 14704284-8 2004 In addition, hepcidin is decreased in HFE knockout mice, which demonstrates characteristics of iron overload as in hemochromatosis patients. Iron 95-99 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 13-21 14564671-1 2003 Recently discovered peptide-hepcidin (Hepc) may be a central player in the communication of iron body stores to the intestinal absorptive cells and thus involved in the maintenance of iron homeostasis. Iron 92-96 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 38-42 14564671-1 2003 Recently discovered peptide-hepcidin (Hepc) may be a central player in the communication of iron body stores to the intestinal absorptive cells and thus involved in the maintenance of iron homeostasis. Iron 184-188 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 28-36 14564671-1 2003 Recently discovered peptide-hepcidin (Hepc) may be a central player in the communication of iron body stores to the intestinal absorptive cells and thus involved in the maintenance of iron homeostasis. Iron 184-188 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 38-42 14564671-2 2003 The aim of this study was to determine the effects of the level of dietary iron on Hepc gene expression in the liver. Iron 75-79 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 83-87 14564671-4 2003 Results clearly showed that Hepc gene expression is upregulated by high dietary iron and downregulated when the dietary iron level is low. Iron 80-84 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 28-32 14564671-4 2003 Results clearly showed that Hepc gene expression is upregulated by high dietary iron and downregulated when the dietary iron level is low. Iron 120-124 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 28-32 14564671-5 2003 Both Hepc 1 and Hepc 2 expression responds coordinately to dietary iron. Iron 67-71 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 5-11 14564671-6 2003 This work provides additional evidence of the key role of Hepc in the regulation of iron homeostasis. Iron 84-88 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 58-62 12729891-1 2003 In contrast to the human genome, the mouse genome contains two HEPC genes encoding hepcidin, a key regulator of iron homeostasis. Iron 112-116 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 63-67 12663437-3 2003 Evidence from transgenic mouse models indicates that hepcidin is the predominant negative regulator of iron absorption in the small intestine, iron transport across the placenta, and iron release from macrophages. Iron 103-107 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 53-61 12663437-3 2003 Evidence from transgenic mouse models indicates that hepcidin is the predominant negative regulator of iron absorption in the small intestine, iron transport across the placenta, and iron release from macrophages. Iron 143-147 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 53-61 12663437-3 2003 Evidence from transgenic mouse models indicates that hepcidin is the predominant negative regulator of iron absorption in the small intestine, iron transport across the placenta, and iron release from macrophages. Iron 143-147 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 53-61 12729891-1 2003 In contrast to the human genome, the mouse genome contains two HEPC genes encoding hepcidin, a key regulator of iron homeostasis. Iron 112-116 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 83-91 12729891-2 2003 Here we report a comparative analysis of sequence, genomic structure, expression and iron regulation of mouse HEPC genes. Iron 85-89 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 110-114 12729891-9 2003 Overall our data suggest that both HEPC1 and HEPC2 genes are involved in iron metabolism regulation but could exhibit different activities and/or play distinct roles. Iron 73-77 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 35-40 12704388-0 2003 Constitutive hepcidin expression prevents iron overload in a mouse model of hemochromatosis. Iron 42-46 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 13-21 12704388-8 2003 Although expression of mouse Hamp is normally greater during iron overload, Hfe-/- mice have inappropriately low expression of Hamp. Iron 61-65 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 29-33 12704390-10 2003 We found unexpected alterations in the expression of Slc39a1 (mouse ortholog of SLC11A3) and Cybrd1, which encode key iron transport proteins, and Hamp (hepcidin antimicrobial peptide), a hepatic regulator of iron transport. Iron 209-213 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 153-183 12704388-9 2003 We crossed Hfe-/- mice with transgenic mice overexpressing Hamp and found that Hamp inhibited the iron accumulation normally observed in the Hfe-/- mice. Iron 98-102 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 59-63 12704388-9 2003 We crossed Hfe-/- mice with transgenic mice overexpressing Hamp and found that Hamp inhibited the iron accumulation normally observed in the Hfe-/- mice. Iron 98-102 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 79-83 12183449-0 2002 C/EBPalpha regulates hepatic transcription of hepcidin, an antimicrobial peptide and regulator of iron metabolism. Iron 98-102 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 46-54 12606179-7 2003 Similarly, we noted a decrease in Hamp expression in iron-loaded Hfe-knockout mice. Iron 53-57 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 34-38 12547226-1 2002 Hepcidin is a circulating antimicrobial peptide which has been proposed to regulate the uptake of dietary iron and its storage in reticuloendothelial macrophages. Iron 106-110 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 12547226-2 2002 Transgenic mice lacking hepcidin expression demonstrate abnormalities of iron homeostasis similar to Hfe knockout mice and to patients with HFE-associated hereditary hemochromatosis (HH). Iron 73-77 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 24-32 12547226-6 2002 The decreased hepcidin expression was associated with hepatic iron deposition, elevated transferrin saturations, and decreased splenic iron concentrations. Iron 62-66 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 14-22 12547226-6 2002 The decreased hepcidin expression was associated with hepatic iron deposition, elevated transferrin saturations, and decreased splenic iron concentrations. Iron 135-139 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 14-22 12489503-0 2002 The role of hepcidin in iron sequestration during infections and in the pathogenesis of anemia of chronic disease. Iron 24-28 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 12-20 12489503-4 2002 Evidence to date indicates that hepcidin is a negative regulator of intestinal iron absorption, placental iron transport, and the release of iron from macrophages that recycle iron from senescent red cells. Iron 79-83 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 32-40 12489503-4 2002 Evidence to date indicates that hepcidin is a negative regulator of intestinal iron absorption, placental iron transport, and the release of iron from macrophages that recycle iron from senescent red cells. Iron 106-110 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 32-40 12489503-4 2002 Evidence to date indicates that hepcidin is a negative regulator of intestinal iron absorption, placental iron transport, and the release of iron from macrophages that recycle iron from senescent red cells. Iron 106-110 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 32-40 12489503-4 2002 Evidence to date indicates that hepcidin is a negative regulator of intestinal iron absorption, placental iron transport, and the release of iron from macrophages that recycle iron from senescent red cells. Iron 106-110 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 32-40 12183449-2 2002 Originally identified as a gene up-regulated by iron overload in mouse liver, the HEPC gene encodes hepcidin, the first mammalian liver-specific antimicrobial peptide and potential key regulator of iron metabolism. Iron 48-52 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 82-86 12183449-2 2002 Originally identified as a gene up-regulated by iron overload in mouse liver, the HEPC gene encodes hepcidin, the first mammalian liver-specific antimicrobial peptide and potential key regulator of iron metabolism. Iron 48-52 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 100-108 12183449-2 2002 Originally identified as a gene up-regulated by iron overload in mouse liver, the HEPC gene encodes hepcidin, the first mammalian liver-specific antimicrobial peptide and potential key regulator of iron metabolism. Iron 198-202 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 82-86 12183449-2 2002 Originally identified as a gene up-regulated by iron overload in mouse liver, the HEPC gene encodes hepcidin, the first mammalian liver-specific antimicrobial peptide and potential key regulator of iron metabolism. Iron 198-202 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 100-108 12183449-11 2002 Decrease of hepcidin mRNA in mice lacking hepatic C/EBPalpha was accompanied by iron accumulation in periportal hepatocytes. Iron 80-84 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 12-20 12183449-12 2002 Finally, iron overload led to a significant increase of C/EBPalpha protein and HEPC transcripts in mouse liver. Iron 9-13 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 79-83 12183449-13 2002 Taken together, these data demonstrate that C/EBPalpha is likely to be a key regulator of HEPC gene transcription and provide a novel mechanism for cross-talk between the C/EBP pathway and iron metabolism. Iron 189-193 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 90-94 11113132-13 2001 Taken together, our data strongly suggest that the product of the new liver-specific gene HEPC might play a specific role during iron overload and exhibit additional functions distinct from its antimicrobial activity. Iron 129-133 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 90-94 11826284-6 2002 Recent discoveries suggest other genes, including a second transferrin receptor and the circulating peptide hepcidin, participate in a shared pathway with HFE in regulation of iron absorption. Iron 176-180 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 108-116 11447267-6 2001 Accumulation of iron in the liver has been recently reported to up-regulate hepcidin expression, whereas our data clearly show that a complete defect in hepcidin expression is responsible for progressive tissue iron overload. Iron 16-20 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 76-84 11447267-6 2001 Accumulation of iron in the liver has been recently reported to up-regulate hepcidin expression, whereas our data clearly show that a complete defect in hepcidin expression is responsible for progressive tissue iron overload. Iron 211-215 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 153-161 11447267-7 2001 The striking similarity of the alterations in iron metabolism between HFE knockout mice, a murine model of hereditary hemochromatosis, and the Usf2(-/-) hepcidin-deficient mice suggests that hepcidin may function in the same regulatory pathway as HFE. Iron 46-50 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 191-199 11447267-8 2001 We propose that hepcidin acts as a signaling molecule that is required in conjunction with HFE to regulate both intestinal iron absorption and iron storage in macrophages. Iron 123-127 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 16-24 11447267-8 2001 We propose that hepcidin acts as a signaling molecule that is required in conjunction with HFE to regulate both intestinal iron absorption and iron storage in macrophages. Iron 143-147 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 16-24 34932791-7 2021 Iron restriction through enhancement of hepcidin activity or inhibition of ferroportin function has been shown to reduce ineffective erythropoiesis in murine models of beta-thalassemia. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 40-48 33771600-1 2021 Hepcidin, a circulatory hepatic peptide hormone, is associated with systemic iron homeostasis. Iron 77-81 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 33771600-2 2021 Inflammation leads to an increase in hepcidin expression, which dysregulates body iron level. Iron 82-86 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 37-45 33820875-0 2021 Hepcidin-induced reduction in iron content and PGC-1beta expression negatively regulates osteoclast differentiation to play a protective role in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Iron 30-34 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 33820875-3 2021 Hepcidin is a key regulator of iron homeostasis. Iron 31-35 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 33820875-10 2021 These data showed that hepcidin protected osteoporosis by reducing iron levels in bone tissue, and in conjunction with PGC-1beta, reduced ROS production and the number of mitochondria, thus inhibiting osteoclast differentiation and bone absorption. Iron 67-71 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 23-31 25403101-3 2015 The proteins transmembrane protease, serine 6 (TMPRSS6; also termed matriptase-2), HFE and transferrin receptor 2 (TFR2) play important and opposing roles in systemic iron homeostasis, by regulating expression of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin. Iron 167-171 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 241-249 25403101-3 2015 The proteins transmembrane protease, serine 6 (TMPRSS6; also termed matriptase-2), HFE and transferrin receptor 2 (TFR2) play important and opposing roles in systemic iron homeostasis, by regulating expression of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin. Iron 217-221 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 241-249 33942901-2 2021 Consequently, hepcidin expression is reduced resulting in increased iron absorption and primary iron overload. Iron 68-72 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 14-22 33942901-2 2021 Consequently, hepcidin expression is reduced resulting in increased iron absorption and primary iron overload. Iron 96-100 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 14-22 33800732-6 2021 Administration of iron-enriched diet increased liver iron stores as well as hepcidin expression. Iron 18-22 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 76-84 34590183-7 2021 In addition, alcohol drinking increased hypoxic response and decreased hepcidin expression, providing the molecular mechanism of increased iron transporters and Mn uptake upon alcohol consumption. Iron 139-143 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 71-79 34890402-3 2021 Here we demonstrate that, by using the iron restrictive properties of the antisense oligonucleotides against Tmprss6 mRNA, we can increase hepcidin to achieve effects equivalent to therapeutic phlebotomy. Iron 39-43 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 139-147 34558857-1 2021 Hepcidin is a liver-derived peptide hormone that limits iron egress from tissues to the bloodstream. Iron 56-60 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 34611951-7 2021 RESULT: We observed an iron-overloaded liver with decreased expression of hepcidin in Runx3 KO mice. Iron 23-27 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 74-82 34558857-3 2021 Genetic hepcidin inactivation leads to hereditary hemochromatosis, a disease of iron overload. Iron 80-84 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 8-16 34558857-4 2021 We used wild-type and Hjv-/- mice, a model of hemochromatosis, to examine the expression of ferroportin and other proteins of iron metabolism in hepcidin target tissues. Iron 126-130 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 145-153 34558857-6 2021 In Hjv-/- mice, hepcidin messenger RNA correlated significantly with hepatic iron load (r = 0.8211, P < 0.001), but was substantially lower compared with wild-type controls. Iron 77-81 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 16-24 34224321-2 2021 Here, we explored whether upregulation of local hepcidin secreted within the brain is the underlying cause of iron accumulation and associated toxicity. Iron 110-114 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 48-56 34098241-3 2021 Hepcidin is a peptide hormone that is secreted by the liver and controls body iron homeostasis. Iron 78-82 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 34098241-4 2021 Hepcidin deficiency leads to iron overload diseases. Iron 29-33 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 34625812-7 2022 The expression of genes encoding iron transporters and oxidative stress markers in the duodenum and placenta were determined, along with hepatic expression of the gene encoding the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin and fetal iron. Iron 181-185 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 205-213 34311475-2 2021 Inflammation or iron overload stimulates hepcidin release, which causes the accumulation of iron in tissues. Iron 16-20 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 41-49 34311475-2 2021 Inflammation or iron overload stimulates hepcidin release, which causes the accumulation of iron in tissues. Iron 92-96 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 41-49 34311475-4 2021 Inhibition of hepcidin may increase iron in circulation and improve efficient erythropoiesis. Iron 36-40 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 14-22 34722560-1 2021 Hereditary hemochromatosis is a genetic iron overload disease related to a mutation within the HFE gene that controls the expression of hepcidin, the master regulator of systemic iron metabolism. Iron 40-44 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 136-144 34722560-1 2021 Hereditary hemochromatosis is a genetic iron overload disease related to a mutation within the HFE gene that controls the expression of hepcidin, the master regulator of systemic iron metabolism. Iron 179-183 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 136-144 34311475-0 2021 Hepcidin inhibition improves iron homeostasis in ferrous sulfate and LPS treatment model in mice. Iron 29-33 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 34311475-1 2021 BACKGROUND: Hepcidin, a liver-derived peptide, regulates the absorption, distribution, and circulation of iron in the body. Iron 106-110 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 12-20 34644351-2 2021 Previous studies in thalassemic mice showed the positive effects of the iron uptake suppressor, hepcidin, on calcium transport. Iron 72-76 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 96-104 34644351-4 2021 Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of hepcidin on iron and calcium uptake ability under physiological, iron uptake stimulation and calcium uptake suppression. Iron 70-74 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 58-66 34343368-2 2021 An altered MT2 cannot appropriately suppress hepatic BMP6/SMAD signaling in case of low iron, hence hepcidin excess blocks dietary iron absorption, leading to a form of anemia resistant to oral iron supplementation. Iron 131-135 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 100-108 34343368-2 2021 An altered MT2 cannot appropriately suppress hepatic BMP6/SMAD signaling in case of low iron, hence hepcidin excess blocks dietary iron absorption, leading to a form of anemia resistant to oral iron supplementation. Iron 88-92 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 100-108 34679725-9 2021 Taken together, these findings suggest that SMILE is a novel transcriptional repressor of BMP-6-mediated hepcidin gene expression, thus contributing to the control of iron homeostasis. Iron 167-171 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 105-113 34593646-0 2021 Essential role of systemic iron mobilization and redistribution for adaptive thermogenesis through HIF2-alpha/hepcidin axis. Iron 27-31 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 110-118 34593646-11 2021 Our findings suggest that securing iron availability via coordinated interplay between renal hypoxia and hepcidin down-regulation is a fundamental mechanism to activate adaptive thermogenesis. Iron 35-39 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 105-113 34343368-2 2021 An altered MT2 cannot appropriately suppress hepatic BMP6/SMAD signaling in case of low iron, hence hepcidin excess blocks dietary iron absorption, leading to a form of anemia resistant to oral iron supplementation. Iron 194-198 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 100-108 34445419-6 2021 Exercise reduced levels of cortical hepcidin, a key regulator of iron homeostasis, coupled with interleukin-6 (IL-6) decrease in cortex and plasma. Iron 65-69 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 36-44 34114013-7 2021 Iron transporter expression in the placenta was measured by Western blotting, and the expression of Hamp1, the gene encoding the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin, was determined in fetal liver by real-time PCR. Iron 129-133 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 100-105 34114013-7 2021 Iron transporter expression in the placenta was measured by Western blotting, and the expression of Hamp1, the gene encoding the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin, was determined in fetal liver by real-time PCR. Iron 129-133 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 153-161 34181029-1 2021 The liver hormone hepcidin regulates systemic iron homeostasis. Iron 46-50 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 18-26 34394834-9 2021 Therefore, our data revealed that highly expressed hepcidin might promote the degradation of FPN1, resulting in neuronal iron deposition, oxidative stress damage, reduced synaptic plasticity, and impaired cognitive performance during CIH exposure. Iron 121-125 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 51-59 34356833-13 2021 Renal tissue showed decreased erythropoietin and HIF-2alpha mRNA levels, while an increase in the iron metabolism regulator hepcidin was observed. Iron 98-102 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 124-132 34368018-1 2021 Introduction: Hepcidin is the systemic master regulator of iron metabolism as it degrades the cellular iron exporter ferroportin. Iron 59-63 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 14-22 34368018-1 2021 Introduction: Hepcidin is the systemic master regulator of iron metabolism as it degrades the cellular iron exporter ferroportin. Iron 103-107 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 14-22 34368018-2 2021 In bacterial infections, hepcidin is upregulated to limit circulating iron for pathogens, thereby increasing iron retention in macrophages. Iron 70-74 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 25-33 34368018-2 2021 In bacterial infections, hepcidin is upregulated to limit circulating iron for pathogens, thereby increasing iron retention in macrophages. Iron 109-113 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 25-33 34360974-1 2021 Erythropoietin (EPO) downregulates hepcidin expression to increase the availability of iron; the downregulation of hepcidin is mediated by erythroferrone (ERFE) secreted by erythroblasts. Iron 87-91 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 35-43 34183746-1 2021 Iron release from macrophages is closely regulated by the interaction of hepcidin, a peptide hormone produced by hepatocytes, with the macrophage iron exporter ferroportin (FPN1). Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 73-81 34155415-3 2021 Mice deficient in hepcidin specifically in the colon tumour epithelium, compared with wild-type littermates, exhibit significantly diminished tumour number, burden and size in a sporadic model of CRC, whereas accumulation of intracellular iron by deletion of the iron exporter ferroportin exacerbates these tumour parameters. Iron 239-243 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 18-26 34155415-3 2021 Mice deficient in hepcidin specifically in the colon tumour epithelium, compared with wild-type littermates, exhibit significantly diminished tumour number, burden and size in a sporadic model of CRC, whereas accumulation of intracellular iron by deletion of the iron exporter ferroportin exacerbates these tumour parameters. Iron 263-267 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 18-26 34183746-1 2021 Iron release from macrophages is closely regulated by the interaction of hepcidin, a peptide hormone produced by hepatocytes, with the macrophage iron exporter ferroportin (FPN1). Iron 146-150 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 73-81 35408955-0 2022 Melatonin Regulates Iron Homeostasis by Inducing Hepcidin Expression in Hepatocytes. Iron 20-24 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 49-57 34161397-11 2021 We conclude that hepatocellular iron overload suppresses hepcidin by inhibiting the SMAD and STAT3 signaling pathways downstream of their respective ligands. Iron 32-36 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 57-65 35499603-6 2022 Hepcidin is expressed in beta cells and serves as the key regulator of iron homeostasis. Iron 71-75 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 35472080-1 2022 Iron homeostasis depends on both intracellular control through iron-responsive proteins and the systemic level of iron through hepcidin-ferroportin axis. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 127-135 35472080-1 2022 Iron homeostasis depends on both intracellular control through iron-responsive proteins and the systemic level of iron through hepcidin-ferroportin axis. Iron 114-118 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 127-135 35472080-2 2022 Indeed, the hormone hepcidin downregulates the ferroportin iron exporter to control iron recycling from macrophages and iron uptake from enterocytes. Iron 59-63 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 20-28 35472080-2 2022 Indeed, the hormone hepcidin downregulates the ferroportin iron exporter to control iron recycling from macrophages and iron uptake from enterocytes. Iron 84-88 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 20-28 35472080-2 2022 Indeed, the hormone hepcidin downregulates the ferroportin iron exporter to control iron recycling from macrophages and iron uptake from enterocytes. Iron 120-124 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 20-28 35472080-10 2022 We propose that in macrophages, autophagy restricts ferroportin level and iron export resulting in hepcidin expression with an autocrine-paracrine effect that takes part in the regulation of the ferroportin expression in duodenal enterocytes. Iron 74-78 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 99-107 34161397-5 2021 Herein, we utilized human Huh7 hepatoma cells and primary murine hepatocytes to assess the effects of iron perturbations on signaling to hepcidin. Iron 102-106 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 137-145 34161397-6 2021 Iron chelation appeared to slightly impair signaling to hepcidin. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 56-64 34108442-4 2021 To understand how bone deficits develop in Tg2576 mice, we used a multiplex antibody array to screen for serum proteins that are altered in Tg2576 mice and identified hepcidin, a master regulator of iron homeostasis. Iron 199-203 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 167-175 34108442-7 2021 Further cell studies suggested that hepcidin increased OC precursor proliferation and differentiation by downregulating ferroportin (FPN) expression and increasing intracellular iron levels. Iron 178-182 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 36-44 34108442-9 2021 Together, these results suggest that increased hepcidin expression in hepatocytes and OB lineage cells in Tg2576 mice contributes to enhanced osteoclastogenesis and trabecular bone loss, identifying the hepcidin-FPN-iron axis as a potential therapeutic target to prevent AD-associated bone loss. Iron 216-220 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 47-55 34108442-9 2021 Together, these results suggest that increased hepcidin expression in hepatocytes and OB lineage cells in Tg2576 mice contributes to enhanced osteoclastogenesis and trabecular bone loss, identifying the hepcidin-FPN-iron axis as a potential therapeutic target to prevent AD-associated bone loss. Iron 216-220 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 203-211 34063414-2 2021 The hormone hepcidin regulates iron absorption by modulating Fpn1 protein levels on the basolateral surface of duodenal enterocytes. Iron 31-35 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 12-20 34063414-3 2021 In the genetic, iron-loading disorder hereditary hemochromatosis (HH), hepcidin production is low and Fpn1 protein expression is elevated. Iron 16-20 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 71-79 35408955-2 2022 The hepatic peptide hormone, hepcidin, regulates iron homeostasis by triggering the degradation of ferroportin (FPN), the protein that transfers cellular iron to the blood. Iron 49-53 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 29-37 35408955-2 2022 The hepatic peptide hormone, hepcidin, regulates iron homeostasis by triggering the degradation of ferroportin (FPN), the protein that transfers cellular iron to the blood. Iron 154-158 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 29-37 35408955-5 2022 Interestingly, hepcidin gene expression was increased during the dark cycle in the liver of mice, whereas serum iron levels decreased following hepcidin expression. Iron 112-116 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 144-152 35408955-6 2022 In addition, melatonin significantly induced hepcidin gene expression and secretion, as well as the subsequent FPN degradation in hepatocytes, which resulted in cellular iron accumulation. Iron 170-174 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 45-53 34320783-1 2022 Hepcidin regulates iron homeostasis by controlling the level of ferroportin, the only membrane channel that facilitates export of iron from within cells. Iron 19-23 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 35194137-1 2022 Hemojuvelin (HJV) enhances signaling to the iron hormone hepcidin and its deficiency causes iron overload, a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Iron 44-48 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 57-65 35194137-1 2022 Hemojuvelin (HJV) enhances signaling to the iron hormone hepcidin and its deficiency causes iron overload, a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Iron 92-96 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 57-65 35204767-8 2022 Taken together, our data suggest that 6-OHDA can regulate the expression of DMT1 and FPN1 by activating IRP1 and inhibiting hepcidin release, thus leading to abnormal iron sequestration in microglia. Iron 167-171 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 124-132 34320783-1 2022 Hepcidin regulates iron homeostasis by controlling the level of ferroportin, the only membrane channel that facilitates export of iron from within cells. Iron 130-134 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 34614145-1 2022 The hormone erythroferrone (ERFE) is produced by erythroid cells in response to hemorrhage, hypoxia or other erythropoietic stimuli, and suppresses the hepatic production of the iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin, thereby mobilizing iron for erythropoiesis. Iron 178-182 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 202-210 35163276-10 2022 Combined, the results of our study indicate that there are kidney-specific mechanisms in hepcidin regulation, as indicated by the dominant role of iron and not inflammation as an inducer of renal hepcidin, but also emphasize the complex interplay of various iron regulatory mechanisms during AKI on a local and systemic level. Iron 147-151 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 89-97 35163276-10 2022 Combined, the results of our study indicate that there are kidney-specific mechanisms in hepcidin regulation, as indicated by the dominant role of iron and not inflammation as an inducer of renal hepcidin, but also emphasize the complex interplay of various iron regulatory mechanisms during AKI on a local and systemic level. Iron 258-262 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 89-97 35163276-2 2022 The iron regulatory hormone hepcidin, produced by renal distal tubules, is suggested to exert a renoprotective role during this pathology. Iron 4-8 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 28-36 35163276-5 2022 Moreover, iron/heme-mediated hepcidin induction in mCCDcl1 cells was caused by the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway, as indicated by increased nuclear Nrf2 translocation and induced expression of Nrf2 downstream targets GCLM (p < 0.001), NQO1 (p < 0.001), and TXNRD1 (p < 0.005), which could be prevented by the known Nrf2 inhibitor trigonelline. Iron 10-14 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 29-37 34614145-1 2022 The hormone erythroferrone (ERFE) is produced by erythroid cells in response to hemorrhage, hypoxia or other erythropoietic stimuli, and suppresses the hepatic production of the iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin, thereby mobilizing iron for erythropoiesis. Iron 231-235 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 202-210 33991530-1 2021 The hepcidin/ferroportin axis controls systemic iron homeostasis by regulating iron acquisition from the duodenum and reticuloendothelial system, respective sites of iron absorption and recycling. Iron 48-52 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 4-12 35014607-0 2022 Aging is associated with increased brain iron through cortex-derived hepcidin expression. Iron 41-45 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 69-77 35014607-5 2022 This increase in brain iron is associated with elevated levels of local hepcidin mRNA and protein in the brain. Iron 23-27 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 72-80 35014607-6 2022 We also demonstrate that the increase in hepcidin is associated with increased ubiquitination and reduced levels of the only iron exporter, ferroportin-1 (FPN1). Iron 125-129 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 41-49 35014607-7 2022 Overall, our studies provide a potential mechanism for iron accumulation in the brain through increased local expression of hepcidin, and subsequent iron accumulation due to decreased iron export. Iron 55-59 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 124-132 33991530-0 2021 The kidney hepcidin/ferroportin axis controls iron reabsorption and determines the magnitude of kidney and systemic iron overload. Iron 46-50 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 11-19 33839281-8 2021 Mice fed iron-deficient HCD had lower liver weights, lower transferrin saturation and decreased ferroportin and hepcidin gene expression than HCD-fed mice. Iron 9-13 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 112-120 34002695-0 2021 The hepcidin regulator erythroferrone is a new member of the erythropoiesis-iron-bone circuitry. Iron 76-80 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 4-12 33991530-0 2021 The kidney hepcidin/ferroportin axis controls iron reabsorption and determines the magnitude of kidney and systemic iron overload. Iron 116-120 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 11-19 33991530-1 2021 The hepcidin/ferroportin axis controls systemic iron homeostasis by regulating iron acquisition from the duodenum and reticuloendothelial system, respective sites of iron absorption and recycling. Iron 79-83 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 4-12 33991530-1 2021 The hepcidin/ferroportin axis controls systemic iron homeostasis by regulating iron acquisition from the duodenum and reticuloendothelial system, respective sites of iron absorption and recycling. Iron 79-83 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 4-12 33991530-3 2021 However, it remains unknown whether endogenous hepcidin regulates ferroportin-mediated iron reabsorption under physiological conditions, and whether such regulation is important for kidney and/or systemic iron homeostasis. Iron 87-91 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 47-55 33991530-8 2021 Thus, our study demonstrates that endogenous hepcidin controls ferroportin-mediated tubular iron reabsorption under physiological conditions. Iron 92-96 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 45-53 33975503-3 2021 Interactions between the iron regulatory peptide hormone, hepcidin and the iron exporter ferroportin plays major role in regulating the iron metabolism. Iron 25-29 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 58-66 33683629-4 2021 The active components of Epimedium, Astragalus and Radix Puerariae could effectively up-regulate the expression of HAMP, alleviate the iron overload in the brain tissues of mice, significantly improve the learning and memory ability of AD, down-regulate the expression of Abeta and reduce the deposition of SP in an APPswe/PS1DeltaE9 transgenic mouse model of AD. Iron 135-139 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 115-119 33975503-3 2021 Interactions between the iron regulatory peptide hormone, hepcidin and the iron exporter ferroportin plays major role in regulating the iron metabolism. Iron 75-79 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 58-66 33975503-3 2021 Interactions between the iron regulatory peptide hormone, hepcidin and the iron exporter ferroportin plays major role in regulating the iron metabolism. Iron 75-79 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 58-66 33975503-7 2021 These compounds act as hepcidin mimetic and inhibits the ferroportin thereby preventing iron overload. Iron 88-92 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 23-31 33683629-10 2021 The present study indicated the effects of the active components of Epimedium, Astragalus and Radix Puerariae may alleviate AD by up-regulating the expression of HAMP, thus reducing brain iron overload, promoting the expression of ADAM10 and ADAM17, inhibiting the expression of BACE1, and reducing the deposition of Abeta. Iron 188-192 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 162-166 32193252-2 2021 Activation of toll-like receptors (TLRs), the key sensors of the innate immune system, induces hypoferremia mainly through the rise of the iron hormone hepcidin. Iron 139-143 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 152-160 33987030-1 2021 Background: Hepcidin controls iron homeostasis by inducing the degradation of the iron efflux protein, ferroportin (FPN1), and subsequently reducing serum iron levels. Iron 30-34 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 12-20 33987030-1 2021 Background: Hepcidin controls iron homeostasis by inducing the degradation of the iron efflux protein, ferroportin (FPN1), and subsequently reducing serum iron levels. Iron 82-86 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 12-20 33987030-1 2021 Background: Hepcidin controls iron homeostasis by inducing the degradation of the iron efflux protein, ferroportin (FPN1), and subsequently reducing serum iron levels. Iron 82-86 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 12-20 33987030-2 2021 Hepcidin expression is influenced by multiple factors, including iron stores, ineffective erythropoiesis, and inflammation. Iron 65-69 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 33987030-12 2021 Despite the altered expression of the aforementioned hepcidin regulators, the stimulatory effect of LPS on hepcidin mRNA expression was blunt in iron-treated Hbbth3 /+ mice. Iron 145-149 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 107-115 33987030-14 2021 Conclusion: Our study suggests that a hypoferremic response to LPS-induced acute inflammation is maintained in thalassemic mice with parenteral iron loading in a hepcidin-independent manner. Iron 144-148 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 162-170 33610598-8 2021 Heparin-iron was also found to cause a reduction on hepcidin expression through BMP/SMAD and JAK/STAT3 pathways in LPS induced acute inflammation model in mice. Iron 8-12 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 52-60 33610598-9 2021 In ACD mice, heparin-iron could lower elevated serum hepcidin and improve anemia. Iron 21-25 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 53-61 33610598-10 2021 These findings demonstrated low anticoagulant heparin-iron has potential applications for the treatment of ACD with high hepcidin levels. Iron 54-58 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 121-129 33393188-4 2021 To confirm the iron overload model in the liver, the increased gene expression levels of hepcidin (Hamp), ferroportin (Fpn1), and ferritin (Fth1), which regulate iron trafficking, were observed by a quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Iron 15-19 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 89-97 33393188-4 2021 To confirm the iron overload model in the liver, the increased gene expression levels of hepcidin (Hamp), ferroportin (Fpn1), and ferritin (Fth1), which regulate iron trafficking, were observed by a quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Iron 15-19 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 99-103 33393188-4 2021 To confirm the iron overload model in the liver, the increased gene expression levels of hepcidin (Hamp), ferroportin (Fpn1), and ferritin (Fth1), which regulate iron trafficking, were observed by a quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Iron 162-166 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 89-97 33393188-4 2021 To confirm the iron overload model in the liver, the increased gene expression levels of hepcidin (Hamp), ferroportin (Fpn1), and ferritin (Fth1), which regulate iron trafficking, were observed by a quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Iron 162-166 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 99-103 33493903-1 2021 Association of both iron/hepcidin and apolipoprotein E (ApoE) with development of Alzheimer disease (AD) and atherosclerosis led us to hypothesize that ApoE might be required for body iron homeostasis. Iron 184-188 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 25-33 33370714-14 2021 The expression of hepcidin (Hamp) and ferroportin (Fpn) increased with iron overload. Iron 71-75 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 18-26 33370714-14 2021 The expression of hepcidin (Hamp) and ferroportin (Fpn) increased with iron overload. Iron 71-75 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 28-32 33835366-1 2021 The hormone hepcidin plays a central role in controlling iron homeostasis. Iron 57-61 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 12-20 33835366-2 2021 Iron-mediated hepcidin synthesis is triggered via the BMP/SMAD pathway. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 14-22 33895792-2 2021 In response to either increased iron or inflammation, hepatocyte-secreted hepcidin binds to FPN, inducing its internalization and subsequent degradation. Iron 32-36 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 74-82 33610598-0 2021 Low anticoagulant heparin-iron complex targeting inhibition of hepcidin ameliorates anemia of chronic disease in rodents. Iron 26-30 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 63-71 33610598-1 2021 Hepcidin is the only known hormone negatively regulates systemic iron availability, its excess contributes to anemia of chronic disease (ACD).Heparin has been shown to be an efficient hepcidin inhibitor both in vitro and in vivo, but its powerful anticoagulant activity limits this therapeutic application. Iron 65-69 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 33610598-1 2021 Hepcidin is the only known hormone negatively regulates systemic iron availability, its excess contributes to anemia of chronic disease (ACD).Heparin has been shown to be an efficient hepcidin inhibitor both in vitro and in vivo, but its powerful anticoagulant activity limits this therapeutic application. Iron 65-69 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 184-192 31919087-4 2021 Here, using murine models, we study the involvement of hepcidin, the key regulator of iron metabolism and an important player in the development of anemia of inflammation. Iron 86-90 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 55-63 33571427-5 2021 We show that constitutive or macrophage expression of a GOF Piezo1 allele in mice disrupts levels of the iron regulator hepcidin and causes iron overload. Iron 105-109 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 120-128 33180328-1 2021 beta-thalassemias result from mutations in beta-globin, causing ineffective erythropoiesis and secondary iron overload due to inappropriately low levels of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin. Iron 105-109 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 184-192 33180328-1 2021 beta-thalassemias result from mutations in beta-globin, causing ineffective erythropoiesis and secondary iron overload due to inappropriately low levels of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin. Iron 160-164 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 184-192 33180328-4 2021 TMPRSS6, a membrane serine protease expressed selectively in the liver, participates in regulating hepcidin production in response to iron stores by cleaving hemojuvelin (HJV). Iron 134-138 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 99-107 33160991-9 2021 SIGNIFICANCE: PM2.5 inhalation could exacerbate the formation and development of atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice, the potential mechanisms may be partly associated with iron overload via the hepcidin-FPN axis, as well as iron-triggered systemic inflammation and hyperlipidemia. Iron 169-173 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 191-199 33488942-0 2021 The Effects of Dandelion Polysaccharides on Iron Metabolism by Regulating Hepcidin via JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway. Iron 44-48 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 74-82 33488942-4 2021 Hepcidin is a central regulator in iron metabolism. Iron 35-39 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 33160991-0 2021 Ambient fine particulate matter aggravates atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice by iron overload via the hepcidin-ferroportin axis. Iron 96-100 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 118-126 33160991-9 2021 SIGNIFICANCE: PM2.5 inhalation could exacerbate the formation and development of atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice, the potential mechanisms may be partly associated with iron overload via the hepcidin-FPN axis, as well as iron-triggered systemic inflammation and hyperlipidemia. Iron 221-225 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 191-199 33273556-2 2020 As the major producer of hepcidin, the liver is central to the regulation of iron metabolism. Iron 77-81 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 25-33 32958690-3 2020 Hepcidin, an iron regulatory peptide hormone, is altered in subjects with COPD; however, the molecular role of hepcidin in COPD pathogenesis remains to be determined. Iron 13-17 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 32920472-0 2020 Estrogen deficiency is associated with brain iron deposition via upregulation of hepcidin expression in aged female mice. Iron 45-49 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 81-89 32920472-2 2020 In peripheral cells, the expression of hepcidin, a master regulator of iron homeostasis, is regulated by estrogen. Iron 71-75 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 39-47 32920472-3 2020 This study aimed to determine whether hepcidin was involved in iron deposition in the brain and brain endothelial cells of estrogen-deficient aged female mice. Iron 63-67 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 38-46 32861780-1 2020 Hepcidin deficiency leads to iron overload by increased dietary iron uptake and iron release from storage cells. Iron 29-33 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 32861780-1 2020 Hepcidin deficiency leads to iron overload by increased dietary iron uptake and iron release from storage cells. Iron 64-68 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 32861780-1 2020 Hepcidin deficiency leads to iron overload by increased dietary iron uptake and iron release from storage cells. Iron 64-68 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 32861780-2 2020 The most frequent mutation in Hfe leads to reduced hepcidin expression and thereby causes iron overload. Iron 90-94 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 51-59 32584957-0 2020 Maternal Hepcidin Determines Embryo Iron Homeostasis. Iron 36-40 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 9-17 32584957-9 2020 Higher doses of hepcidin agonist caused maternal iron restriction and anemia, lower placenta and embryo weight, embryo anemia, and increased embryo mortality. Iron 49-53 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 16-24 32584957-11 2020 Our studies demonstrate that suppression of maternal hepcidin during pregnancy is essential for maternal and embryo iron homeostasis and health. Iron 116-120 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 53-61 32707154-7 2020 Further investigations revealed that overexpression of hepcidin in astrocytes significantly reduced iron levels in cortex and hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice, especially iron content in neurons, which led to the reduction of iron accumulation-induced oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, and finally decreased neuronal cell death in the cortex and hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. Iron 100-104 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 55-63 33298837-0 2020 Hepcidin overexpression in astrocytes alters brain iron metabolism and protects against amyloid-beta induced brain damage in mice. Iron 51-55 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 33298837-2 2020 Hepcidin expressed by astrocytes has been speculated to regulate iron transport across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and control the whole brain iron load. Iron 65-69 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 33298837-2 2020 Hepcidin expressed by astrocytes has been speculated to regulate iron transport across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and control the whole brain iron load. Iron 145-149 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 33298837-3 2020 Whether increasing the expression of astrocyte hepcidin can reduce brain iron level and relieve AD symptoms has yet to be studied. Iron 73-77 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 47-55 33298837-7 2020 Our data further demonstrated that astrocyte-overexpressed hepcidin could decrease brain iron level, possibly by acting on ferroportin 1 (FPN1) on the brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs), which in turn reduced Abeta25-35-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis, and ultimately protected cells from damage. Iron 89-93 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 59-67 33298837-8 2020 This study provided in vivo evidences of the important role of astrocyte hepcidin in the regulation of brain iron metabolism and protection against Abeta-induced cortical and hippocampal damages and implied its potential in the treatment of oxidative stress-related brain disorders. Iron 109-113 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 73-81 33052690-5 2020 Meanwhile, in comparison with the FeSO4 group, the intake of NKU556-Fe could suppress the expression of hepcidin derived from the liver and reduce the degradation of FPN1, thereby leading to the increase in the iron absorption of colitis in mice. Iron 211-215 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 104-112 32707154-2 2020 Hepcidin is a peptide that regulates systemic iron metabolism by interacting with iron exporter ferroportin 1 (FPN1). Iron 46-50 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 32707154-2 2020 Hepcidin is a peptide that regulates systemic iron metabolism by interacting with iron exporter ferroportin 1 (FPN1). Iron 82-86 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 32707154-3 2020 Studies have indicated that the astrocyte hepcidin could regulate brain iron intake at the blood-brain barrier and injection of hepcidin into brain attenuated iron deposition in the brain. Iron 72-76 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 42-50 32707154-4 2020 However, whether overexpression of hepcidin in astrocytes of APP/PS1 transgenic mice can alleviate AD symptoms by reducing iron deposition has not been evaluated. Iron 123-127 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 35-43 32707154-7 2020 Further investigations revealed that overexpression of hepcidin in astrocytes significantly reduced iron levels in cortex and hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice, especially iron content in neurons, which led to the reduction of iron accumulation-induced oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, and finally decreased neuronal cell death in the cortex and hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. Iron 166-170 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 55-63 32707154-7 2020 Further investigations revealed that overexpression of hepcidin in astrocytes significantly reduced iron levels in cortex and hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice, especially iron content in neurons, which led to the reduction of iron accumulation-induced oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, and finally decreased neuronal cell death in the cortex and hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. Iron 166-170 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 55-63 32810223-6 2020 We found that iron-dependent increase of hepatic hepcidin results in neutrophil intracellular iron trapping and consecutive defects in oxidative burst activity. Iron 14-18 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 49-57 32971969-5 2020 Mice supplemented with Fe or EPA/DHA had lower soluble transferrin receptor, ferritin and hepcidin than controls, but these effects were attenuated in Fe+EPA/DHA mice. Iron 23-25 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 90-98 32766721-0 2020 Dysregulated hepcidin response to dietary iron in male mice with reduced Gnpat expression. Iron 42-46 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 13-21 32810223-6 2020 We found that iron-dependent increase of hepatic hepcidin results in neutrophil intracellular iron trapping and consecutive defects in oxidative burst activity. Iron 94-98 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 49-57 32170997-7 2020 These results suggest that miR-122 agomir can prevent the accumulation of hepatic iron induced by MC-LR, which may be related to the regulation of hepcidin by BMP/SMAD and IL-6/STAT signaling pathways. Iron 82-86 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 147-155 32325343-6 2020 We further investigated the mechanism underlying TCDD-induced hepatocyte apoptosis through apoptosis polymerase chain reaction array, and found that a crucial apoptosis-related gene, cell death-inducing DFF45-like effector b (Cideb), was significantly increased in primary hepatocytes from TCDD-exposed mice, and accompanied by liver iron deposition in hepcidin knockout mice. Iron 334-338 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 353-361 32380257-2 2020 Mutations conferring resistance of FPN to hepcidin-mediated degradation cause the iron overload disorder hereditary hemochromatosis type 4. Iron 82-86 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 42-50 31691189-6 2020 Iron overload stimulated hepcidin synthesis, while IR had an inhibitory effect and even inhibited the stimulatory effects of iron overload. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 25-33 31778583-1 2020 Bone morphogenetic proteins BMP2 and BMP6 play key roles in systemic iron homeostasis by regulating production of the iron hormone hepcidin. Iron 118-122 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 131-139 31778583-1 2020 Bone morphogenetic proteins BMP2 and BMP6 play key roles in systemic iron homeostasis by regulating production of the iron hormone hepcidin. Iron 69-73 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 131-139 31778583-6 2020 Notably, dietary iron loading still induced liver SMAD5 phosphorylation and hepcidin in double Bmp6/endothelial Bmp2 KO mice, although no other BMP ligand mRNAs were increased in the livers of double KO mice, and only Bmp6 and Bmp2 mRNA were induced by dietary iron loading in wildtype mice. Iron 17-21 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 76-84 32444136-0 2020 Modulation of iron homeostasis with hepcidin ameliorates spontaneous murine lupus nephritis. Iron 14-18 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 36-44 32732975-1 2020 Iron homeostasis is essential for health; moreover, hepcidin-deficiency results in iron overload in both hereditary hemochromatosis and iron-loading anemia. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 52-60 32732975-1 2020 Iron homeostasis is essential for health; moreover, hepcidin-deficiency results in iron overload in both hereditary hemochromatosis and iron-loading anemia. Iron 83-87 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 52-60 32732975-1 2020 Iron homeostasis is essential for health; moreover, hepcidin-deficiency results in iron overload in both hereditary hemochromatosis and iron-loading anemia. Iron 136-140 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 52-60 32444136-2 2020 Iron metabolism and its master regulator, hepcidin, are known to regulate cell proliferation and inflammation, but their direct role in the pathophysiology of lupus nephritis remains under-investigated. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 42-50 32444136-4 2020 Hepcidin treatment reduced renal iron accumulation, systemic and intrarenal cytokines, and renal immune cell infiltration, independent of glomerular immune complex deposits and circulating autoantibodies. Iron 33-37 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 32444136-5 2020 Hepcidin increased renal H-ferritin (a ferroxidase), reduced expression of free iron dependent DNA synthesis enzymes, Ribonucleotide Reductase 1 and 2, and intra-renal macrophage proliferation. Iron 80-84 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 32444136-9 2020 Thus, our findings provide a proof-of-concept that targeting cellular iron metabolism with hepcidin represents a promising therapeutic strategy in lupus nephritis. Iron 70-74 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 91-99 32545266-1 2020 Hepatic peptide hormone hepcidin, a key regulator of iron metabolism, is induced by inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the pathogenesis of anemia of inflammation or microbial infections. Iron 53-57 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 24-32 31990410-4 2020 Expression of the iron regulatory peptide hepcidin is negatively regulated by the serine protease TMPRSS6. Iron 18-22 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 42-50 32596989-3 2020 In this study, we compared the highly iron-overloaded hepcidin knockout mice (HKO) to their iron-sufficient wild-type (WT) littermates in a model of sterile acute lung injury (ALI) induced by treatment with oropharyngeal (OP) LPS. Iron 38-42 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 54-62 31990410-5 2020 Hepcidin induction by siRNA-mediated inhibition of TMPRSS6 expression reduces iron availability and induces iron deficiency. Iron 78-82 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 31761321-0 2020 Local hepcidin increased intracellular iron overload via the degradation of ferroportin in the kidney. Iron 39-43 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 6-14 32514392-1 2020 Objective: Hepcidin deficiency is known to cause body iron accumulation and bone microarchitecture defects, but the exact underlying mechanisms of hepcidin deficiency-induced bone loss remain unclear. Iron 54-58 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 11-19 32514392-11 2020 Results: We found that Hepcidin-KO mice exhibited iron accumulation and bone loss compared with WT mice. Iron 50-54 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 23-31 31883180-13 2020 The present results provide in vivo and in vitro evidence that microglial glutamate release in SALS spinal cords is enhanced by intracellular soluble iron accumulation-induced activation of ACO1 and TACE and by increased extracellular TNFalpha-stimulated GLS-C upregulation, and suggest a positive feedback mechanism to maintain increased intracellular soluble iron levels, involving TNFalpha, hepcidin, and FPN. Iron 150-154 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 394-402 32219031-2 2020 Systemic iron homeostasis is regulated by iron-regulatory hormone, hepcidin, which inhibits intestinal iron absorption and iron recycling by reticuloendothelial system. Iron 9-13 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 67-75 32219031-2 2020 Systemic iron homeostasis is regulated by iron-regulatory hormone, hepcidin, which inhibits intestinal iron absorption and iron recycling by reticuloendothelial system. Iron 42-46 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 67-75 32219031-2 2020 Systemic iron homeostasis is regulated by iron-regulatory hormone, hepcidin, which inhibits intestinal iron absorption and iron recycling by reticuloendothelial system. Iron 42-46 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 67-75 32273468-0 2020 Dendritic cell-derived hepcidin sequesters iron from the microbiota to promote mucosal healing. Iron 43-47 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 23-31 32273468-2 2020 We found that hepcidin, the master regulator of systemic iron homeostasis, is required for tissue repair in the mouse intestine after experimental damage. Iron 57-61 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 14-22 31899794-2 2020 Hepcidin suppression allows for the mobilization of iron to the bone marrow for the production of red blood cells. Iron 52-56 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 31761321-13 2020 CONCLUSION: local hepcidin can regulate iron metabolism in the kidney by adjusting the expression of FPN1. Iron 40-44 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 18-26 31761321-1 2020 BACKGROUND: Hepcidin is a key regulator of iron homeostasis. Iron 43-47 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 12-20 31761321-2 2020 Some studies showed that exogenous hepcidin decreased the expression of divalent metal transporter (DMT1) rather than ferroportin(FPN1) to regulate renal iron metabolism. Iron 154-158 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 35-43 31761321-3 2020 This study explored the effects of hepcidin synthesized by the kidney and its mechanism of iron regulation. Iron 91-95 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 35-43 31669099-11 2020 Taken together, PPIs directly affect iron metabolism by suppressing iron absorption through the inhibition of duodenal ferroportin via hepcidin upregulation. Iron 37-41 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 135-143 31418854-1 2020 Hepcidin (HAMP) synthesis is suppressed by erythropoiesis to increase iron availability for red blood cell production. Iron 70-74 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 31418854-1 2020 Hepcidin (HAMP) synthesis is suppressed by erythropoiesis to increase iron availability for red blood cell production. Iron 70-74 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 10-14 31669099-0 2020 Proton pump inhibitors block iron absorption through direct regulation of hepcidin via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated pathway. Iron 29-33 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 74-82 31800957-2 2020 However, excessive hepcidin suppression contributes to iron overload in beta-thalassemia. Iron 55-59 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 19-27 31812496-0 2020 Enhanced insulin signaling and its downstream effects in iron-overloaded primary hepatocytes from hepcidin knock-out mice. Iron 57-61 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 98-106 31812496-4 2020 Mice deficient in hepcidin (the central regulator of systemic iron homeostasis) (Hamp1-/- mice) accumulate iron in the liver in vivo. Iron 62-66 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 18-26 31812496-4 2020 Mice deficient in hepcidin (the central regulator of systemic iron homeostasis) (Hamp1-/- mice) accumulate iron in the liver in vivo. Iron 62-66 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 81-86 31812496-4 2020 Mice deficient in hepcidin (the central regulator of systemic iron homeostasis) (Hamp1-/- mice) accumulate iron in the liver in vivo. Iron 107-111 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 18-26 31812496-4 2020 Mice deficient in hepcidin (the central regulator of systemic iron homeostasis) (Hamp1-/- mice) accumulate iron in the liver in vivo. Iron 107-111 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 81-86 31812496-9 2020 Incubation of the Hamp1-/- hepatocytes with an iron chelator attenuated these effects. Iron 47-51 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 18-23 31669099-3 2020 We investigated the effect of PPIs on the peptide hepcidin, an important iron regulatory hormone. Iron 73-77 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 50-58 31638596-3 2019 The inappropriately low levels of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin enable excessive iron absorption by ferroportin, the unique cellular iron exporter in mammals, leading to organ iron overload and associated morbidities. Iron 38-42 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 62-70 31638596-3 2019 The inappropriately low levels of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin enable excessive iron absorption by ferroportin, the unique cellular iron exporter in mammals, leading to organ iron overload and associated morbidities. Iron 88-92 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 62-70 31638596-3 2019 The inappropriately low levels of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin enable excessive iron absorption by ferroportin, the unique cellular iron exporter in mammals, leading to organ iron overload and associated morbidities. Iron 88-92 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 62-70 31638596-3 2019 The inappropriately low levels of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin enable excessive iron absorption by ferroportin, the unique cellular iron exporter in mammals, leading to organ iron overload and associated morbidities. Iron 88-92 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 62-70 31638596-4 2019 Correction of unbalanced iron absorption and recycling by induction of hepcidin synthesis or treatment with hepcidin mimetics ameliorates beta-thalassemia. Iron 25-29 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 71-79 31298936-1 2019 Iron excess increases the hepatic expression of hepcidin, the systemic iron metabolism regulator that favors iron sequestration in the spleen. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 48-56 31166618-2 2019 Previous work from our laboratory demonstrated that the microbiota influences systemic iron homeostasis in mouse colitis models by altering inflammation-induced expression of the iron-regulating hormone hepcidin. Iron 87-91 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 203-211 31166618-2 2019 Previous work from our laboratory demonstrated that the microbiota influences systemic iron homeostasis in mouse colitis models by altering inflammation-induced expression of the iron-regulating hormone hepcidin. Iron 179-183 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 203-211 31166618-3 2019 In the present study, we examined the impact of the gut commensal bacterium Bacteroides fragilis on the expression of the iron exporter ferroportin, the target of hepcidin action, in macrophages, the cell type that plays a pivotal role in iron recycling. Iron 122-126 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 163-171 31601421-0 2019 Genetic background influences hepcidin response to iron imbalance in a mouse model of hemolytic anemia (Congenital erythropoietic porphyria). Iron 51-55 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 30-38 31601421-6 2019 The negative control of hepcidin on the ferroportin iron exporter appeared strain specific in the CEP mice models tested. Iron 52-56 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 24-32 31601421-7 2019 Full repression of hepcidin was observed in BALB/c and 129/Sv mice, favoring parenchymal iron overload in the liver. Iron 89-93 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 19-27 31601421-8 2019 Unchanged hepcidin levels in C57BL/6 resulted in retention of iron predominantly in reticuloendothelial tissues. Iron 62-66 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 10-18 31127639-1 2019 A failure of iron to appropriately regulate liver hepcidin production is central to the pathogenesis of hereditary hemochromatosis. Iron 13-17 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 50-58 31127639-2 2019 SMAD1/5 transcription factors, activated by bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling, are major regulators of hepcidin production in response to iron; however, the role of SMAD8 and the contribution of SMADs to hepcidin production by other systemic cues remain uncertain. Iron 147-151 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 112-120 31298936-1 2019 Iron excess increases the hepatic expression of hepcidin, the systemic iron metabolism regulator that favors iron sequestration in the spleen. Iron 71-75 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 48-56 31298936-1 2019 Iron excess increases the hepatic expression of hepcidin, the systemic iron metabolism regulator that favors iron sequestration in the spleen. Iron 109-113 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 48-56 31298936-2 2019 Genetic iron overload related to hepcidin insufficiency decreases the spleen iron concentration and increases hepatic iron concentration, whereas during secondary iron overload, the hepcidin expression increases together with spleen iron concentration in addition to hepatic iron concentrations increase. Iron 8-12 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 33-41 31298936-2 2019 Genetic iron overload related to hepcidin insufficiency decreases the spleen iron concentration and increases hepatic iron concentration, whereas during secondary iron overload, the hepcidin expression increases together with spleen iron concentration in addition to hepatic iron concentrations increase. Iron 77-81 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 33-41 31298936-2 2019 Genetic iron overload related to hepcidin insufficiency decreases the spleen iron concentration and increases hepatic iron concentration, whereas during secondary iron overload, the hepcidin expression increases together with spleen iron concentration in addition to hepatic iron concentrations increase. Iron 77-81 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 33-41 31298936-2 2019 Genetic iron overload related to hepcidin insufficiency decreases the spleen iron concentration and increases hepatic iron concentration, whereas during secondary iron overload, the hepcidin expression increases together with spleen iron concentration in addition to hepatic iron concentrations increase. Iron 77-81 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 33-41 31298936-2 2019 Genetic iron overload related to hepcidin insufficiency decreases the spleen iron concentration and increases hepatic iron concentration, whereas during secondary iron overload, the hepcidin expression increases together with spleen iron concentration in addition to hepatic iron concentrations increase. Iron 77-81 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 33-41 31298936-2 2019 Genetic iron overload related to hepcidin insufficiency decreases the spleen iron concentration and increases hepatic iron concentration, whereas during secondary iron overload, the hepcidin expression increases together with spleen iron concentration in addition to hepatic iron concentrations increase. Iron 77-81 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 33-41 31298936-3 2019 Links between iron metabolism and other metals being suggested, our aim was to investigate, during iron overload, the relationships between the hepatic hepcidin expression level and the hepatic and splenic concentrations of iron, manganese, copper, zinc, and molybdenum, determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Iron 14-18 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 152-160 31298936-3 2019 Links between iron metabolism and other metals being suggested, our aim was to investigate, during iron overload, the relationships between the hepatic hepcidin expression level and the hepatic and splenic concentrations of iron, manganese, copper, zinc, and molybdenum, determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Iron 99-103 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 152-160 31298936-3 2019 Links between iron metabolism and other metals being suggested, our aim was to investigate, during iron overload, the relationships between the hepatic hepcidin expression level and the hepatic and splenic concentrations of iron, manganese, copper, zinc, and molybdenum, determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Iron 99-103 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 152-160 31298936-6 2019 Our data suggest that iron, manganese, and molybdenum metabolisms could share mechanisms controlling their distribution that are associated to hepcidin modulation. Iron 22-26 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 143-151 30370612-4 2019 It has been indicated that the regulation of FPN1 in response to the alteration of iron level mainly involves two processes, posttranscriptional repression by iron regulatory proteins (IRPs) and posttranslational degradation by hepcidin, the major iron-sensing hormone. Iron 83-87 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 228-236 31270208-3 2019 Here, we show that hepcidin antimicrobial peptide (Hamp), encoding the hormone hepcidin essential for iron homeostasis and regulated by dietary iron and inflammation, is a target gene of the two SREBP isoforms SREBP-1a/c. Iron 102-106 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 19-49 31270208-3 2019 Here, we show that hepcidin antimicrobial peptide (Hamp), encoding the hormone hepcidin essential for iron homeostasis and regulated by dietary iron and inflammation, is a target gene of the two SREBP isoforms SREBP-1a/c. Iron 102-106 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 51-55 31270208-3 2019 Here, we show that hepcidin antimicrobial peptide (Hamp), encoding the hormone hepcidin essential for iron homeostasis and regulated by dietary iron and inflammation, is a target gene of the two SREBP isoforms SREBP-1a/c. Iron 102-106 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 19-27 31270208-3 2019 Here, we show that hepcidin antimicrobial peptide (Hamp), encoding the hormone hepcidin essential for iron homeostasis and regulated by dietary iron and inflammation, is a target gene of the two SREBP isoforms SREBP-1a/c. Iron 144-148 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 19-49 31270208-3 2019 Here, we show that hepcidin antimicrobial peptide (Hamp), encoding the hormone hepcidin essential for iron homeostasis and regulated by dietary iron and inflammation, is a target gene of the two SREBP isoforms SREBP-1a/c. Iron 144-148 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 51-55 31270208-3 2019 Here, we show that hepcidin antimicrobial peptide (Hamp), encoding the hormone hepcidin essential for iron homeostasis and regulated by dietary iron and inflammation, is a target gene of the two SREBP isoforms SREBP-1a/c. Iron 144-148 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 19-27 31270208-8 2019 Conversely, liver-specific depletion of the nuclear forms of SREBPs, as in SREBP cleavage-activating protein knockout mice, impaired lipopolysaccharide-induced up-regulation of hepatic Hamp Together, these results indicate that the SREBP-1a/c transcription regulators activate hepcidin expression and thereby contribute to the control of mammalian iron metabolism. Iron 348-352 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 185-189 31295319-1 2019 Hepcidin is an iron regulatory peptide hormone that is secreted from hepatocytes and inhibits iron efflux from tissues to plasma. Iron 15-19 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 31244655-3 2019 In sepsis, hepcidin induces iron sequestration to limit iron availability to pathogens. Iron 28-32 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 11-19 31244655-3 2019 In sepsis, hepcidin induces iron sequestration to limit iron availability to pathogens. Iron 56-60 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 11-19 30724105-5 2019 Hepcidin is a master regulator of iron that controls iron-dependent UPEC intracellular growth. Iron 34-38 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 30724105-5 2019 Hepcidin is a master regulator of iron that controls iron-dependent UPEC intracellular growth. Iron 53-57 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 30724105-6 2019 Hepcidin-deficient mice ( Hamp1-/-) exhibit accumulation of iron deposits, persistent bacterial burden in the bladder, and a heightened inflammatory response to UTI. Iron 60-64 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 30724105-6 2019 Hepcidin-deficient mice ( Hamp1-/-) exhibit accumulation of iron deposits, persistent bacterial burden in the bladder, and a heightened inflammatory response to UTI. Iron 60-64 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 26-31 30724105-7 2019 However, a low-iron dietary regimen reversed the iron overload and increased bacterial burden phenotypes in Hamp1-/- mice. Iron 15-19 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 108-113 30582749-1 2019 The liver has an important role in iron homeostasis through the synthesis of the serum transporter transferrin and the iron hormone hepcidin. Iron 35-39 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 132-140 30582749-1 2019 The liver has an important role in iron homeostasis through the synthesis of the serum transporter transferrin and the iron hormone hepcidin. Iron 119-123 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 132-140 31634395-5 2019 In addition, because the NSR expresses the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin, which could limit iron influx into the NSR, we gave retina-specific hepcidin knockout (RS-HepcKO) mice IP FeDex to test this possibility. Iron 95-99 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 67-75 31287995-0 2019 Liver-Specific, but Not Retina-Specific, Hepcidin Knockout Causes Retinal Iron Accumulation and Degeneration. Iron 74-78 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 41-49 31287995-1 2019 The liver secretes hepcidin (Hepc) into the bloodstream to reduce blood iron levels. Iron 72-76 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 19-27 31287995-1 2019 The liver secretes hepcidin (Hepc) into the bloodstream to reduce blood iron levels. Iron 72-76 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 29-33 31287995-2 2019 Hepc accomplishes this by triggering degradation of the only known cellular iron exporter ferroportin in the gut, macrophages, and liver. Iron 76-80 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-4 31287995-3 2019 We previously demonstrated that systemic Hepc knockout (HepcKO) mice, which have high serum iron, develop retinal iron overload and degeneration. Iron 92-96 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 41-45 31287995-3 2019 We previously demonstrated that systemic Hepc knockout (HepcKO) mice, which have high serum iron, develop retinal iron overload and degeneration. Iron 114-118 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 41-45 31287995-4 2019 However, it was unclear whether this is caused by high blood iron levels or, alternatively, retinal iron influx that would normally be regulated by retina-produced Hepc. Iron 100-104 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 164-168 30792208-2 2019 The primary etiology of iron overload in these diseases is insufficient production of hepcidin by the liver, leading to excessive intestinal iron absorption and iron efflux from macrophages. Iron 24-28 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 86-94 30792208-2 2019 The primary etiology of iron overload in these diseases is insufficient production of hepcidin by the liver, leading to excessive intestinal iron absorption and iron efflux from macrophages. Iron 141-145 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 86-94 30792208-2 2019 The primary etiology of iron overload in these diseases is insufficient production of hepcidin by the liver, leading to excessive intestinal iron absorption and iron efflux from macrophages. Iron 141-145 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 86-94 30792208-3 2019 Hepcidin agonists would therefore be expected to ameliorate iron overload in hereditary hemochromatosis and beta-thalassemia. Iron 60-64 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 30792208-10 2019 By increasing hepcidin production, thiazolidinone compounds may provide a useful alternative for the treatment of iron-overload disorders. Iron 114-118 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 14-22 31270208-0 2019 Lipogenic SREBP-1a/c transcription factors activate expression of the iron regulator hepcidin, revealing cross-talk between lipid and iron metabolisms. Iron 70-74 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 85-93 31270208-0 2019 Lipogenic SREBP-1a/c transcription factors activate expression of the iron regulator hepcidin, revealing cross-talk between lipid and iron metabolisms. Iron 134-138 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 85-93 31231494-7 2019 Both test compounds up-regulated hepcidin and its regulators (BMP-6, SMAD, and TfR2) at the protein and mRNA levels; high dosage treatment may be beneficial, being better than DFO administration in lessening iron deposition in the bone marrow. Iron 208-212 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 33-41 31193082-9 2019 As a compensatory response, the diet caused elevation of serum hepcidin, which accelerates excretion of iron from the body. Iron 104-108 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 63-71 30370612-9 2019 Further investigation disclosed that the compromised hepcidin-FPN1 regulation in IRP2-/- cells was directly dependent on the existence of iron-responsive element (IRE) in FPN1 messenger RNA. Iron 138-142 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 53-61 31276102-0 2019 Nrf2 controls iron homeostasis in haemochromatosis and thalassaemia via Bmp6 and hepcidin. Iron 14-18 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 81-89 31276102-2 2019 The Nrf2 transcription factor orchestrates cell-intrinsic protective antioxidant responses, and the peptide hormone hepcidin maintains systemic iron homeostasis, but is pathophysiologically decreased in haemochromatosis and beta-thalassaemia. Iron 144-148 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 116-124 31276102-3 2019 Here, we show that Nrf2 is activated by iron-induced, mitochondria-derived pro-oxidants and drives Bmp6 expression in liver sinusoid endothelial cells, which in turn increases hepcidin synthesis by neighbouring hepatocytes. Iron 40-44 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 176-184 31276102-4 2019 In Nrf2 knockout mice, the Bmp6-hepcidin response to oral and parenteral iron is impaired and iron accumulation and hepatic damage are increased. Iron 73-77 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 32-40 31276102-5 2019 Pharmacological activation of Nrf2 stimulates the Bmp6-hepcidin axis, improving iron homeostasis in haemochromatosis and counteracting the inhibition of Bmp6 by erythroferrone in beta-thalassaemia. Iron 80-84 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 55-63 30958854-1 2019 Expression of hepcidin, the hormone regulating iron homeostasis, is increased by iron overload and decreased by accelerated erythropoiesis or iron deficiency. Iron 47-51 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 14-22 30958854-1 2019 Expression of hepcidin, the hormone regulating iron homeostasis, is increased by iron overload and decreased by accelerated erythropoiesis or iron deficiency. Iron 81-85 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 14-22 30958854-4 2019 Administration of iron increased liver phosphorylated SMAD protein content and hepcidin mRNA content; subsequent administration of erythropoietin significantly decreased both the iron-induced phosphorylated SMAD proteins and hepcidin mRNA. Iron 18-22 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 79-87 30958854-4 2019 Administration of iron increased liver phosphorylated SMAD protein content and hepcidin mRNA content; subsequent administration of erythropoietin significantly decreased both the iron-induced phosphorylated SMAD proteins and hepcidin mRNA. Iron 18-22 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 225-233 30958854-4 2019 Administration of iron increased liver phosphorylated SMAD protein content and hepcidin mRNA content; subsequent administration of erythropoietin significantly decreased both the iron-induced phosphorylated SMAD proteins and hepcidin mRNA. Iron 179-183 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 225-233 30587002-2 2019 Inflammation also increases the expression of hepcidin, a hormonal regulator of iron homeostasis, which decreases intestinal iron absorption, reduces serum iron levels and traps iron within macrophages. Iron 80-84 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 46-54 30610968-2 2019 Here, we found that the level of mTOR was increased both in wild-type mouse models with iron accumulation and transgenic mouse models (Hepc-/-) of high-turnover osteoporosis with iron accumulation. Iron 179-183 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 135-139 30370692-2 2019 We therefore hypothesized that H 2 S has a role in body iron homeostasis by regulating the expression of iron transport proteins via the IL-6/STAT3/Hepcidin pathway. Iron 56-60 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 148-156 30370692-2 2019 We therefore hypothesized that H 2 S has a role in body iron homeostasis by regulating the expression of iron transport proteins via the IL-6/STAT3/Hepcidin pathway. Iron 105-109 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 148-156 30776286-0 2019 Hepcidin as a key iron regulator mediates glucotoxicity-induced pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction. Iron 18-22 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 30776286-3 2019 In this study, we focused on the role of low hepcidin level-induced increased iron deposition in beta-cells and the relationship between abnormal iron metabolism and beta-cell dysfunction. Iron 78-82 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 45-53 30776286-4 2019 Decreased hepcidin expression increased iron absorption by upregulating transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) and divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) expression, resulting in iron accumulation within cells. Iron 40-44 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 10-18 30776286-4 2019 Decreased hepcidin expression increased iron absorption by upregulating transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) and divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) expression, resulting in iron accumulation within cells. Iron 167-171 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 10-18 30266734-0 2019 Transient decrease of serum iron after acute erythropoietin treatment contributes to hepcidin inhibition by ERFE in mice. Iron 28-32 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 85-93 30586758-0 2019 Iron Regulator Hepcidin Impairs Macrophage-Dependent Cardiac Repair After Injury. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 15-23 30586758-2 2019 Hepcidin, a master iron sensor, actively tunes iron trafficking. Iron 19-23 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 30586758-2 2019 Hepcidin, a master iron sensor, actively tunes iron trafficking. Iron 47-51 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 30713087-5 2019 Further, when Dmt1int/int mice were crossed with mice lacking the iron-regulatory hormone, hepcidin (Hepc-/-), iron loading was abolished. Iron 66-70 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 91-99 30304704-6 2019 Following irradiation, reduced hepcidin activity of the liver contributed to elevated iron levels in the serum and liver. Iron 86-90 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 31-39 30304704-7 2019 By injecting hepcidin or deferoxamine (an iron chelator) to reduce iron level, deterioration of trabecular bone microarchitecture in irradiated mice was abrogated. Iron 42-46 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 13-21 30304704-7 2019 By injecting hepcidin or deferoxamine (an iron chelator) to reduce iron level, deterioration of trabecular bone microarchitecture in irradiated mice was abrogated. Iron 67-71 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 13-21 30587002-2 2019 Inflammation also increases the expression of hepcidin, a hormonal regulator of iron homeostasis, which decreases intestinal iron absorption, reduces serum iron levels and traps iron within macrophages. Iron 125-129 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 46-54 30587002-2 2019 Inflammation also increases the expression of hepcidin, a hormonal regulator of iron homeostasis, which decreases intestinal iron absorption, reduces serum iron levels and traps iron within macrophages. Iron 125-129 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 46-54 30587002-2 2019 Inflammation also increases the expression of hepcidin, a hormonal regulator of iron homeostasis, which decreases intestinal iron absorption, reduces serum iron levels and traps iron within macrophages. Iron 125-129 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 46-54 30587002-8 2019 Hamp+/+/ Ldlr-/- mice were treated with iron dextran so as to produce a 2-fold increase in serum iron. Iron 40-44 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-4 30587002-10 2019 Aortic macrophages from Hamp-/-/ Ldlr-/- mice had less labile free iron and exhibited a reduced proinflammatory (M1) phenotype compared with macrophages from Hamp+/+/ Ldlr-/- mice. Iron 67-71 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 24-28 30587002-13 2019 Conclusions- In summary, in a hyperlipidemic mouse model, hepcidin deficiency was associated with decreased macrophage iron, a reduced aortic macrophage inflammatory phenotype and protection from atherosclerosis. Iron 119-123 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 58-66 30587002-14 2019 The results indicate that decreasing hepcidin activity, with the resulting decrease in macrophage iron, may prove to be a novel strategy for the treatment of atherosclerosis. Iron 98-102 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 37-45 30538134-0 2019 Transferrin receptor 1 controls systemic iron homeostasis by fine-tuning hepcidin expression to hepatocellular iron load. Iron 41-45 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 73-81 30478858-0 2019 Iron, erythropoietin, and inflammation regulate hepcidin in Bmp2-deficient mice, but serum iron fails to induce hepcidin in Bmp6-deficient mice. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 48-56 30478858-1 2019 The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-SMAD signaling pathway is a key transcriptional regulator of hepcidin in response to tissue iron stores, serum iron, erythropoietic drive and inflammation to increase the iron supply when needed for erythropoiesis, but to prevent the toxicity of iron excess. Iron 129-133 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 98-106 30478858-1 2019 The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-SMAD signaling pathway is a key transcriptional regulator of hepcidin in response to tissue iron stores, serum iron, erythropoietic drive and inflammation to increase the iron supply when needed for erythropoiesis, but to prevent the toxicity of iron excess. Iron 148-152 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 98-106 30478858-1 2019 The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-SMAD signaling pathway is a key transcriptional regulator of hepcidin in response to tissue iron stores, serum iron, erythropoietic drive and inflammation to increase the iron supply when needed for erythropoiesis, but to prevent the toxicity of iron excess. Iron 148-152 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 98-106 30478858-1 2019 The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-SMAD signaling pathway is a key transcriptional regulator of hepcidin in response to tissue iron stores, serum iron, erythropoietic drive and inflammation to increase the iron supply when needed for erythropoiesis, but to prevent the toxicity of iron excess. Iron 148-152 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 98-106 30478858-7 2019 However, hepcidin was still induced by both iron loading methods in Bmp2 CKO mice, although the degree of hepcidin induction was blunted relative to control mice. Iron 44-48 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 9-17 30478858-9 2019 Thus, BMP2 has at least a partially redundant role in hepcidin regulation by serum iron, tissue iron, inflammation and erythropoietic drive. Iron 83-87 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 54-62 30478858-10 2019 In contrast, BMP6 is absolutely required for hepcidin regulation by serum iron. Iron 74-78 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 45-53 30538134-0 2019 Transferrin receptor 1 controls systemic iron homeostasis by fine-tuning hepcidin expression to hepatocellular iron load. Iron 111-115 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 73-81 30538134-8 2019 TfrcAlb-Cre mice appropriately regulate Hamp expression following dietary iron manipulations or holo-transferrin injection. Iron 74-78 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 40-44 30538134-11 2019 We conclude that Tfr1 is redundant for basal hepatocellular iron supply but essential for fine-tuning hepcidin responses according to the iron load of hepatocytes. Iron 138-142 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 102-110 30538134-12 2019 Our data are consistent with an inhibitory function of Tfr1 on iron signaling to hepcidin via its interaction with Hfe. Iron 63-67 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 81-89 30458168-3 2019 Suboptimal erythropoiesis in chronic inflammation is believed to be caused by elevated hepcidin levels, which causes blockade of iron in tissue stores. Iron 129-133 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 87-95 30991414-11 2019 Thus, in CKD, decreased expression of TfR1 in erythroblasts as well as increased hepcidin levels in circulation may hamper erythroblast differentiation by decreasing the iron supply, as iron is an indispensable component of erythroblast differentiation. Iron 170-174 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 81-89 30608934-6 2019 To adequately fit the ferrokinetic data required inclusion of the following mechanisms: a) transferrin-mediated iron delivery to tissues, b) induction of hepcidin by transferrin-bound iron, c) ferroportin-dependent iron export regulated by hepcidin, d) erythropoietin regulation of erythropoiesis, and e) liver uptake of NTBI. Iron 184-188 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 154-162 30608934-6 2019 To adequately fit the ferrokinetic data required inclusion of the following mechanisms: a) transferrin-mediated iron delivery to tissues, b) induction of hepcidin by transferrin-bound iron, c) ferroportin-dependent iron export regulated by hepcidin, d) erythropoietin regulation of erythropoiesis, and e) liver uptake of NTBI. Iron 184-188 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 154-162 30991414-11 2019 Thus, in CKD, decreased expression of TfR1 in erythroblasts as well as increased hepcidin levels in circulation may hamper erythroblast differentiation by decreasing the iron supply, as iron is an indispensable component of erythroblast differentiation. Iron 186-190 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 81-89 30523271-1 2018 Hepcidin, master regulator of iron homeostasis, causes anemia under infectious and inflammatory conditions by reducing intestinal absorption of iron with decreased release of iron from macrophages and liver despite adequate iron stores leading to Anemia of Inflammation (AI). Iron 30-34 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 30232784-7 2019 These results suggest that, in BM, the decrease in TfR, which may be associated with increased MafB levels, and the decrease in erythroferrone increase hepatic hepcidin expression, which may perturb iron recycling and erythropoiesis. Iron 199-203 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 160-168 30387806-2 2019 The hepcidin-ferroportin axis is the key signaling mechanism that controls systemic iron homeostasis. Iron 84-88 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 4-12 30523271-1 2018 Hepcidin, master regulator of iron homeostasis, causes anemia under infectious and inflammatory conditions by reducing intestinal absorption of iron with decreased release of iron from macrophages and liver despite adequate iron stores leading to Anemia of Inflammation (AI). Iron 144-148 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 30523271-1 2018 Hepcidin, master regulator of iron homeostasis, causes anemia under infectious and inflammatory conditions by reducing intestinal absorption of iron with decreased release of iron from macrophages and liver despite adequate iron stores leading to Anemia of Inflammation (AI). Iron 144-148 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 30523271-1 2018 Hepcidin, master regulator of iron homeostasis, causes anemia under infectious and inflammatory conditions by reducing intestinal absorption of iron with decreased release of iron from macrophages and liver despite adequate iron stores leading to Anemia of Inflammation (AI). Iron 144-148 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 30217414-1 2018 Hepcidin has emerged as the central regulatory molecule in systemic iron homeostasis. Iron 68-72 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 30172039-16 2018 Moreover, dysregulation of iron homeostasis may be due to MC-LR-induced Hamp1 downregulation, possibly mediated by hypoxia or the IL6-STAT3 and BMP-SMAD signaling pathways. Iron 27-31 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 72-77 30213871-1 2018 Systemic iron balance is controlled by hepcidin, a liver hormone that limits iron efflux to the bloodstream by promoting degradation of the iron exporter ferroportin in target cells. Iron 9-13 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 39-47 30213871-7 2018 Inflammatory induction of hepcidin is suppressed in iron-deficient wild-type mice and recovers after the animals are provided overnight access to an iron-rich diet. Iron 52-56 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 26-34 30213871-7 2018 Inflammatory induction of hepcidin is suppressed in iron-deficient wild-type mice and recovers after the animals are provided overnight access to an iron-rich diet. Iron 149-153 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 26-34 30213871-1 2018 Systemic iron balance is controlled by hepcidin, a liver hormone that limits iron efflux to the bloodstream by promoting degradation of the iron exporter ferroportin in target cells. Iron 77-81 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 39-47 30213871-1 2018 Systemic iron balance is controlled by hepcidin, a liver hormone that limits iron efflux to the bloodstream by promoting degradation of the iron exporter ferroportin in target cells. Iron 77-81 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 39-47 30213871-2 2018 Iron-dependent hepcidin induction requires hemojuvelin (HJV), a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) coreceptor that is disrupted in juvenile hemochromatosis, causing dramatic hepcidin deficiency and tissue iron overload. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 15-23 30213871-2 2018 Iron-dependent hepcidin induction requires hemojuvelin (HJV), a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) coreceptor that is disrupted in juvenile hemochromatosis, causing dramatic hepcidin deficiency and tissue iron overload. Iron 203-207 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 15-23 29923765-5 2018 The systemic iron redistribution was aggravated, resulting in anemia and the marked downregulation of hepatic hepcidin in elderly FPN knockout (KO)/Nestin-Cre mice. Iron 13-17 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 110-118 29927322-4 2018 Five-week-old male C57BL/6 mice fed an iron-deficient diet for 4 wk presented with a significant decrease in liver iron content and liver Hamp expression, as well as with a significant decrease in liver HFE protein content. Iron 39-43 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 138-142 29903760-0 2018 Circulating iron levels influence the regulation of hepcidin following stimulated erythropoiesis. Iron 12-16 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 52-60 29752985-6 2018 Our results indicate that a 0.25% carbonyl iron diet is sufficient to induce maximal hepatic hepcidin response. Iron 43-47 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 93-101 29903760-2 2018 As this molecule influences the production of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin, we hypothesized that erythropoiesis-driven changes in diferric transferrin levels could contribute to the decrease in hepcidin observed following the administration of erythropoietin. Iron 50-54 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 74-82 29903760-7 2018 Increasing diferric transferrin levels via intravenous iron injection prevented the inhibition of Hamp1 expression by erythropoietin without altering hepatic iron concentration or the expression of Erfe, the gene encoding erythroferrone. Iron 55-59 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 98-103 30241424-0 2018 Sucrosomial Iron Supplementation in Mice: Effects on Blood Parameters, Hepcidin, and Inflammation. Iron 13-17 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 72-80 29600572-0 2018 Adenine alleviates iron overload by cAMP/PKA mediated hepatic hepcidin in mice. Iron 19-23 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 62-70 29600572-3 2018 Our unbiased vitamin screen for modulators of hepcidin, a master iron regulatory hormone, identifies adenine (vitamin B4) as a potent hepcidin agonist. Iron 65-69 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 46-54 29730778-2 2018 Hepcidin (Hpc), a main iron metabolism regulator, is synthetized by an IL-6 stimuli, among others, in liver and adipose tissue, favoring an association between the inflammatory process and iron metabolism. Iron 23-27 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 29938779-3 2018 Our perception of iron metabolism has been completely changed by an improved definition of cellular and systemic iron homeostasis, of the molecular pathogenesis of iron disorders, the fine tuning of the iron hormone hepcidin by activators and inhibitors and the dissection of the components of the hepcidin regulatory pathway. Iron 18-22 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 216-224 29938779-3 2018 Our perception of iron metabolism has been completely changed by an improved definition of cellular and systemic iron homeostasis, of the molecular pathogenesis of iron disorders, the fine tuning of the iron hormone hepcidin by activators and inhibitors and the dissection of the components of the hepcidin regulatory pathway. Iron 18-22 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 298-306 29730778-2 2018 Hepcidin (Hpc), a main iron metabolism regulator, is synthetized by an IL-6 stimuli, among others, in liver and adipose tissue, favoring an association between the inflammatory process and iron metabolism. Iron 23-27 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 10-13 29730778-2 2018 Hepcidin (Hpc), a main iron metabolism regulator, is synthetized by an IL-6 stimuli, among others, in liver and adipose tissue, favoring an association between the inflammatory process and iron metabolism. Iron 189-193 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 29730778-2 2018 Hepcidin (Hpc), a main iron metabolism regulator, is synthetized by an IL-6 stimuli, among others, in liver and adipose tissue, favoring an association between the inflammatory process and iron metabolism. Iron 189-193 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 10-13 29730778-8 2018 Thus, we showed that combined high glucose/high Fe alone or with MCM may contribute to an increase on intracellular iron and inflammatory response in 3T3-L1 differentiated cells, by increased mRNA levels of IL-6, TNF-alpha, MCP-1, Hpc and reducing adiponectin levels, enhancing the inflammatory processes. Iron 48-50 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 231-234 29377263-3 2018 Hepcidin is a key iron-regulatory hormone, which maintains body iron balance. Iron 18-22 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 29624734-4 2018 We found that iron accumulation in MPSIIIB mice primarily affected the cerebral cortex where hepcidin levels were higher than in wild-type mice, and increased with aging. Iron 14-18 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 93-101 29624734-8 2018 Hepcidin induction results from activation of the TLR4 pathway and STAT3 signaling, and leads to iron retention within microglia. Iron 97-101 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 29377263-10 2018 Meanwhile, the expected downstream effects of elevated hepcidin, namely decreased FPN1 expression and increased Ft-L protein and non-heme iron concentrations in the spleen, were observed after the continuous AD or NE treatments. Iron 138-142 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 55-63 29377263-12 2018 The elevated hepatic hepcidin decreased FPN1 levels in the spleen, likely causing the increased iron accumulation in the spleen. Iron 96-100 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 21-29 29799786-1 2018 Iron-loading disorders, such as hereditary hemochromatosis, are associated with inappropriately low expression of the iron regulatory hormone, hepcidin. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 143-151 29543343-1 2018 OBJECTIVE: During hypoxia, hepcidin expression is inhibited to allow iron mobilization to sustain erythropoietic expansion. Iron 69-73 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 27-35 30271947-2 2018 The iron overload is characterized by increased iron uptake due to lower levels of the hepatic, iron regulatory hormone hepcidin. Iron 4-8 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 120-128 29498084-1 2018 Diminished beta-globin synthesis in beta-thalassemia is associated with ineffective erythropoiesis, leading to secondary iron overload caused by inappropriately low levels of hepcidin and to splenomegaly in the symptomatic thalassemias. Iron 121-125 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 175-183 29498084-3 2018 Expression of the iron regulatory peptide hormone hepcidin is repressed by the serine protease TMPRSS6. Iron 18-22 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 50-58 29498084-4 2018 Hepcidin induction by RNAi-mediated inhibition of TMPRSS6 expression reduces iron overload and mitigates anemia in murine models of beta-thalassemia intermedia. Iron 77-81 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 29575577-1 2018 To maintain iron homoeostasis, the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin is tightly controlled by BMP-Smad signalling pathway, but the physiological role of Smad7 in hepcidin regulation remains elusive. Iron 12-16 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 59-67 29799786-1 2018 Iron-loading disorders, such as hereditary hemochromatosis, are associated with inappropriately low expression of the iron regulatory hormone, hepcidin. Iron 118-122 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 143-151 29799786-8 2018 These results indicate that Hamp1 induction by food deprivation is independent of HFE and suggest that targeting the pathway regulated by food deprivation could have clinical benefit in iron-loading conditions.-Mirciov, C. S. G., Wilkins, S. J., Anderson, G. J., Frazer, D. M. Food deprivation increases hepatic hepcidin expression and can overcome the effect of Hfe deletion in male mice. Iron 186-190 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 28-33 29113455-3 2018 To discover potential epigenetic modulator in hepcidin upregulation and subsequently decreasing iron burden, we performed an epigenetic screen. Iron 96-100 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 46-54 29563156-0 2018 Hepcidin is an endogenous protective factor for osteoporosis by reducing iron levels. Iron 73-77 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 29563156-3 2018 In previous reports, we and others proposed that iron accumulation after menopause accelerates osteoporosis, and here, we genetically modified the expression of an endogenous hormone, hepcidin, to modulate iron status in a mouse model. Iron 49-53 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 184-192 29563156-3 2018 In previous reports, we and others proposed that iron accumulation after menopause accelerates osteoporosis, and here, we genetically modified the expression of an endogenous hormone, hepcidin, to modulate iron status in a mouse model. Iron 206-210 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 184-192 29636509-2 2018 The hormone hepcidin stands out as a key regulator in the maintenance of iron homeostasis by controlling the main iron exporter, ferroportin. Iron 73-77 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 12-20 29690733-9 2018 The results of TRAP staining and pits formation also showed that osteoclast proliferation and activity in group Hepc reduced significantly when compared with those in Fe group (t=4.295, 7.557, both P<0.05). Iron 167-169 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 112-116 29690733-0 2018 [Experimental study on the effect of hepcidin overexpression on osteoclasts and bone mass in iron accumulation mice]. Iron 93-97 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 37-45 29636509-2 2018 The hormone hepcidin stands out as a key regulator in the maintenance of iron homeostasis by controlling the main iron exporter, ferroportin. Iron 114-118 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 12-20 29434729-6 2018 There were marked abnormalities in iron regulation gene expression between the AA and composite model groups, as seen by the significant decrease of hepcidin expression in the liver (P<0.01) that paralleled the changes in BMP6, SMAD4, and TfR2. Iron 35-39 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 149-157 29556203-0 2018 MyD88 Adaptor Protein Is Required for Appropriate Hepcidin Induction in Response to Dietary Iron Overload in Mice. Iron 92-96 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 50-58 29556203-2 2018 The peptide hormone hepcidin is central to the control of the amount of iron absorbed from the diet and iron recycling from macrophages. Iron 72-76 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 20-28 29556203-2 2018 The peptide hormone hepcidin is central to the control of the amount of iron absorbed from the diet and iron recycling from macrophages. Iron 104-108 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 20-28 29556203-7 2018 In conclusion, our results reveal a previously unknown link between MyD88 and iron homeostasis, and provide new insights into the regulation of hepcidin through the iron-sensing pathway. Iron 165-169 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 144-152 29690733-10 2018 Conclusion: The overexpression of hepcidin can down-regulate the content of ferritin in iron-accumulating mice and inhibit the proliferation, differentiation and activity of osteoclasts, and improve the bone mass. Iron 88-92 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 34-42 28992067-0 2018 The uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate interferes with iron metabolism by regulating hepcidin in chronic kidney disease. Iron 49-53 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 79-87 28992067-1 2018 Background: Hepcidin secreted by hepatocytes is a key regulator of iron metabolism throughout the body. Iron 67-71 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 12-20 28992067-2 2018 Hepcidin concentrations are increased in chronic kidney disease (CKD), contributing to abnormalities in iron metabolism. Iron 104-108 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 28992067-17 2018 Conclusions: IS affects iron metabolism in CKD by participating in hepcidin regulation via pathways that depend on AhR and oxidative stress. Iron 24-28 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 67-75 29158088-3 2018 In this study, we demonstrate that leptin receptor activation directly affects iron metabolism by the finding that serum levels of hepcidin, the master regulator of iron in the whole body, were significantly lower in leptin-deficient (ob/ob) and leptin receptor-deficient (db/db) mice. Iron 79-83 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 131-139 29158088-3 2018 In this study, we demonstrate that leptin receptor activation directly affects iron metabolism by the finding that serum levels of hepcidin, the master regulator of iron in the whole body, were significantly lower in leptin-deficient (ob/ob) and leptin receptor-deficient (db/db) mice. Iron 165-169 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 131-139 29158088-5 2018 Hamp mRNA levels were significantly correlated with hepatic iron content and BMP6 mRNA levels. Iron 60-64 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-4 29843136-13 2018 CONCLUSION: The present study provides new evidence that ASP decreases hepcidin expression, which can reduce iron burden and inhibit tumor proliferation. Iron 109-113 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 71-79 28793778-7 2018 In Prx2-/- mice, the loss of Hamp response was also observed after administration of a single dose of oral iron. Iron 107-111 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 29-33 29763925-2 2018 The hepcidin-ferroportin axis plays the key role in regulation of iron homeostasis and modulation of this signaling could be a potential therapeutic strategy in the treatment of these diseases. Iron 66-70 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 4-12 29843136-0 2018 The Effects of Angelica Sinensis Polysaccharide on Tumor Growth and Iron Metabolism by Regulating Hepcidin in Tumor-Bearing Mice. Iron 68-72 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 98-106 29843136-3 2018 Hepcidin secreted by liver plays an essential role in orchestrating iron metabolism. Iron 68-72 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 29079471-1 2017 Hepcidin has emerged as the central regulatory molecule in systemic iron homeostasis, and its inhibition could be a favorable strategy for treating anemia of chronic disease (ACD). Iron 68-72 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 29111167-7 2018 Intracellular iron was down-regulated by hepcidin depending on IL-10. Iron 14-18 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 41-49 28859237-2 2018 In view of the exceptionally high expression of CBS in the liver and the common interleukin-6 pathway used in the regulatory systems of hydrogen sulfide and hepcidin, we speculate that CBS is involved in body iron homeostasis. Iron 209-213 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 157-165 28859237-6 2018 Importantly, in the liver, absence of CBS caused both a reduction in the transcriptional factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 and an up-regulation of hepcidin that led to a decrease in the iron export protein ferroportin 1. Iron 203-207 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 164-172 29115497-1 2018 Hepcidin is one of the most important proteins in iron metabolism. Iron 50-54 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 29115497-7 2018 Collectively, the results of the present study indicated that hepcidin is involved in iron metabolism in IRS-1-/- mice via the signaling pathways involving BMP6 and IL-6. Iron 86-90 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 62-70 29115497-8 2018 Furthermore, hepcidin is also involved in iron metabolism in osteoblasts under iron overload conditions. Iron 42-46 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 13-21 29115497-8 2018 Furthermore, hepcidin is also involved in iron metabolism in osteoblasts under iron overload conditions. Iron 79-83 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 13-21 29115497-9 2018 Therefore, hepcidin and its associated signaling pathway proteins may represent potential targets for the treatment of conditions associated with iron overload. Iron 146-150 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 11-19 28924039-1 2017 Systemic iron homeostasis is maintained by regulation of iron absorption in the duodenum, iron recycling from erythrocytes, and iron mobilization from the liver and is controlled by the hepatic hormone hepcidin. Iron 9-13 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 202-210 28893916-2 2017 To improve our understanding of these relationships, we examined the pathways involved in regulation of the master controller of iron metabolism, the hormone hepcidin, in malaria infection. Iron 129-133 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 158-166 28864813-1 2017 The expression of the key regulator of iron homeostasis hepcidin is activated by the BMP-SMAD pathway in response to iron and inflammation and among drugs, by rapamycin, which inhibits mTOR in complex with the immunophilin FKBP12. Iron 39-43 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 56-64 28864813-1 2017 The expression of the key regulator of iron homeostasis hepcidin is activated by the BMP-SMAD pathway in response to iron and inflammation and among drugs, by rapamycin, which inhibits mTOR in complex with the immunophilin FKBP12. Iron 117-121 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 56-64 28583802-3 2017 At birth on the LF12 diet, Cyp1b1 deletion and GVAD each suppress liver expression of the iron suppressor, hepcidin (Hepc), while increasing stellate cell activation markers and suppressing post-natal increases in lipogenesis. Iron 90-94 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 107-115 28798083-1 2017 Iron homeostasis is tightly regulated, and the peptide hormone hepcidin is considered to be a principal regulator of iron metabolism. Iron 117-121 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 63-71 28798083-2 2017 Previous studies in a limited number of mouse strains found equivocal sex- and strain-dependent differences in mRNA and serum levels of hepcidin and reported conflicting data on the relationship between hepcidin (Hamp1) mRNA levels and iron status. Iron 236-240 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 203-211 28798083-2 2017 Previous studies in a limited number of mouse strains found equivocal sex- and strain-dependent differences in mRNA and serum levels of hepcidin and reported conflicting data on the relationship between hepcidin (Hamp1) mRNA levels and iron status. Iron 236-240 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 213-218 29089902-0 2017 Pulmonary Iron Homeostasis in Hepcidin Knockout Mice. Iron 10-14 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 30-38 29089902-7 2017 The accumulation of iron in the lung macrophages of hepcidin KO mice contrasts with splenic and hepatic macrophages which contain low iron levels as we have previously reported. Iron 20-24 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 52-60 28815688-1 2017 Hepcidin is a key iron regulatory hormone that controls expression of the iron exporter ferroportin to increase the iron supply when needed to support erythropoiesis and other essential functions, but to prevent the toxicity of iron excess. Iron 18-22 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 28815688-1 2017 Hepcidin is a key iron regulatory hormone that controls expression of the iron exporter ferroportin to increase the iron supply when needed to support erythropoiesis and other essential functions, but to prevent the toxicity of iron excess. Iron 74-78 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 28815688-1 2017 Hepcidin is a key iron regulatory hormone that controls expression of the iron exporter ferroportin to increase the iron supply when needed to support erythropoiesis and other essential functions, but to prevent the toxicity of iron excess. Iron 74-78 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 28815688-1 2017 Hepcidin is a key iron regulatory hormone that controls expression of the iron exporter ferroportin to increase the iron supply when needed to support erythropoiesis and other essential functions, but to prevent the toxicity of iron excess. Iron 74-78 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 28815688-2 2017 The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-SMAD signaling pathway, through the ligand BMP6 and the co-receptor hemojuvelin, is a central regulator of hepcidin transcription in the liver in response to iron. Iron 195-199 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 144-152 28815688-3 2017 Here, we show that dietary iron loading has a residual ability to induce Smad signaling and hepcidin expression in Bmp6-/- mice, effects that are blocked by a neutralizing BMP2/4 antibody. Iron 27-31 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 92-100 28815688-7 2017 Together, these data demonstrate that in addition to BMP6, endothelial cell BMP2 has a non-redundant role in hepcidin regulation by iron. Iron 132-136 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 109-117 28583802-3 2017 At birth on the LF12 diet, Cyp1b1 deletion and GVAD each suppress liver expression of the iron suppressor, hepcidin (Hepc), while increasing stellate cell activation markers and suppressing post-natal increases in lipogenesis. Iron 90-94 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 117-121 28583802-4 2017 Hepc was less suppressed in Cyp1b1-/- pups with a standard breeder diet, but was restored by iron supplementation of the LF12 diet. Iron 93-97 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-4 28705644-1 2017 Hepcidin has emerged as the central regulatory molecule of systemic iron homeostasis. Iron 68-72 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 28864822-1 2017 Hepcidin regulates systemic iron homeostasis. Iron 28-32 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 28864822-8 2017 We conclude that suppression of hepcidin expression involves epigenetic regulation by histone deacetylase 3.Hepcidin controls systemic iron levels by inhibiting intestinal iron absorption and iron recycling. Iron 135-139 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 32-40 28864822-8 2017 We conclude that suppression of hepcidin expression involves epigenetic regulation by histone deacetylase 3.Hepcidin controls systemic iron levels by inhibiting intestinal iron absorption and iron recycling. Iron 135-139 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 108-116 28864822-8 2017 We conclude that suppression of hepcidin expression involves epigenetic regulation by histone deacetylase 3.Hepcidin controls systemic iron levels by inhibiting intestinal iron absorption and iron recycling. Iron 172-176 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 32-40 28864822-8 2017 We conclude that suppression of hepcidin expression involves epigenetic regulation by histone deacetylase 3.Hepcidin controls systemic iron levels by inhibiting intestinal iron absorption and iron recycling. Iron 172-176 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 108-116 28864822-8 2017 We conclude that suppression of hepcidin expression involves epigenetic regulation by histone deacetylase 3.Hepcidin controls systemic iron levels by inhibiting intestinal iron absorption and iron recycling. Iron 172-176 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 32-40 28864822-8 2017 We conclude that suppression of hepcidin expression involves epigenetic regulation by histone deacetylase 3.Hepcidin controls systemic iron levels by inhibiting intestinal iron absorption and iron recycling. Iron 172-176 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 108-116 28450059-9 2017 We next demonstrated that reducing ferroportin expression in vitro by ferroportin-specific siRNAs or hepcidin significantly increased the intracellular iron content. Iron 152-156 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 101-109 28585096-0 2017 Cellular citrate levels establish a regulatory link between energy metabolism and the hepatic iron hormone hepcidin. Iron 94-98 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 107-115 28585096-1 2017 Expression of the hepatic peptide hormone hepcidin responds to iron levels via BMP/SMAD signaling, to inflammatory cues via JAK/STAT signaling, to the nutrient-sensing mTOR pathway, as well as to proliferative signals and gluconeogenesis. Iron 63-67 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 42-50 28829493-0 2017 Effects of IL-10 on iron metabolism in LPS-induced inflammatory mice via modulating hepcidin expression. Iron 20-24 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 84-92 28829493-3 2017 Hepcidin can regulate iron metabolic homeostasis, further mediating renal anemia. Iron 22-26 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 28385785-1 2017 Disorders of iron metabolism are largely attributed to an excessive or insufficient expression of hepcidin, the master regulator of systemic iron homeostasis. Iron 13-17 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 98-106 28438754-1 2017 Anemia suppresses liver hepcidin expression to supply adequate iron for erythropoiesis. Iron 63-67 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 24-32 28465342-0 2017 Endogenous hepcidin and its agonist mediate resistance to selected infections by clearing non-transferrin-bound iron. Iron 112-116 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 11-19 28465342-1 2017 The iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin is induced early in infection, causing iron sequestration in macrophages and decreased plasma iron; this is proposed to limit the replication of extracellular microbes, but could also promote infection with macrophage-tropic pathogens. Iron 4-8 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 28-36 28465342-1 2017 The iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin is induced early in infection, causing iron sequestration in macrophages and decreased plasma iron; this is proposed to limit the replication of extracellular microbes, but could also promote infection with macrophage-tropic pathogens. Iron 76-80 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 28-36 28465342-3 2017 Using mouse models, we show that hepcidin was selectively protective against siderophilic extracellular pathogens (Yersinia enterocolitica O9) by controlling non-transferrin-bound iron (NTBI) rather than iron-transferrin concentration. Iron 180-184 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 33-41 28385785-1 2017 Disorders of iron metabolism are largely attributed to an excessive or insufficient expression of hepcidin, the master regulator of systemic iron homeostasis. Iron 141-145 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 98-106 28521769-4 2017 Here we test the hypothesis that hepcidin alone is able to regulate iron distribution in different dietary regimes in the mouse using a computational model of iron distribution calibrated with radioiron tracer data. Iron 159-163 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 33-41 28219768-3 2017 Our recent study demonstrated that 14-day-old mosaic mutant males display blood cell abnormalities associated with intravascular hemolysis, and show disturbances in the functioning of the hepcidin-ferroportin regulatory axis, which controls systemic iron homeostasis. Iron 250-254 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 188-196 28266714-3 2017 Hepcidin is a key regulator of systemic iron homeostasis. Iron 40-44 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 28499927-0 2017 Disruption of the Hepcidin/Ferroportin Regulatory System Causes Pulmonary Iron Overload and Restrictive Lung Disease. Iron 74-78 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 18-26 28521769-0 2017 Modeling the dynamics of mouse iron body distribution: hepcidin is necessary but not sufficient. Iron 31-35 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 55-63 28507548-1 2017 Retention of iron in tissue macrophages via upregulation of hepcidin (HAMP) and downregulation of the iron exporter ferroportin (FPN) is thought to participate in the establishment of anemia of inflammation after infection. Iron 13-17 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 70-74 28521769-2 2017 The hormone hepcidin regulates the export of iron from tissues to the plasma contributing to iron homeostasis and also restricting its availability to infectious agents. Iron 45-49 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 12-20 28521769-2 2017 The hormone hepcidin regulates the export of iron from tissues to the plasma contributing to iron homeostasis and also restricting its availability to infectious agents. Iron 93-97 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 12-20 28521769-4 2017 Here we test the hypothesis that hepcidin alone is able to regulate iron distribution in different dietary regimes in the mouse using a computational model of iron distribution calibrated with radioiron tracer data. Iron 68-72 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 33-41 28377056-1 2017 Hepcidin has emerged as the central regulatory molecule of systemic iron homeostasis. Iron 68-72 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 28641663-0 2017 [Expression Changes of Hepcidin and Ferroportin 1 in Murine Model of Iron Overload]. Iron 69-73 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 23-31 28641663-1 2017 OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes of hepcidin and ferropotin 1 expression in murine model of iron overload. Iron 97-101 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 41-49 28641663-10 2017 Furthermore, serum hepcidin was increased along with increase of iron injection time (r=0.957). Iron 65-69 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 19-27 28641663-13 2017 CONCLUSION: The expressions of hepcidin and ferroportin 1 are increase in a murine model of iron overload, which may be contributed to the suppression effect on erythropoiesis in bone marrow. Iron 92-96 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 31-39 28213091-5 2017 TCDD dose-dependently repressed hepatic expression of hepcidin (Hamp and Hamp2), the master regulator of systemic Fe homeostasis, resulting in a 2.6-fold increase in serum Fe with accumulating Fe spilling into urine. Iron 114-116 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 54-62 28213091-5 2017 TCDD dose-dependently repressed hepatic expression of hepcidin (Hamp and Hamp2), the master regulator of systemic Fe homeostasis, resulting in a 2.6-fold increase in serum Fe with accumulating Fe spilling into urine. Iron 114-116 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 64-68 28213091-5 2017 TCDD dose-dependently repressed hepatic expression of hepcidin (Hamp and Hamp2), the master regulator of systemic Fe homeostasis, resulting in a 2.6-fold increase in serum Fe with accumulating Fe spilling into urine. Iron 172-174 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 54-62 28213091-5 2017 TCDD dose-dependently repressed hepatic expression of hepcidin (Hamp and Hamp2), the master regulator of systemic Fe homeostasis, resulting in a 2.6-fold increase in serum Fe with accumulating Fe spilling into urine. Iron 172-174 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 64-68 28213091-5 2017 TCDD dose-dependently repressed hepatic expression of hepcidin (Hamp and Hamp2), the master regulator of systemic Fe homeostasis, resulting in a 2.6-fold increase in serum Fe with accumulating Fe spilling into urine. Iron 172-174 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 54-62 28213091-5 2017 TCDD dose-dependently repressed hepatic expression of hepcidin (Hamp and Hamp2), the master regulator of systemic Fe homeostasis, resulting in a 2.6-fold increase in serum Fe with accumulating Fe spilling into urine. Iron 172-174 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 64-68 27995414-1 2017 Recent investigation has shown that the liver-derived iron-regulating hormone, hepcidin, can potentiate intestinal calcium absorption in hemizygous beta-globin knockout thalassemic (BKO) mice. Iron 54-58 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 79-87 28397746-1 2017 The peptide hormone hepcidin is a key controller of systemic iron homeostasis, and its expression in the liver is mainly regulated by bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), which are heparin binding proteins. Iron 61-65 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 20-28 28352667-0 2017 Hepcidin-mediated iron sequestration protects against bacterial dissemination during pneumonia. Iron 18-22 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 28352667-3 2017 Hepcidin is the master regulator of extracellular iron availability in vertebrates, but its role in the context of host defense is undefined. Iron 50-54 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 28352667-4 2017 We hypothesized that hepcidin-mediated depletion of extracellular iron during Gram-negative pneumonia protects the host by limiting dissemination of bacteria to the bloodstream. Iron 66-70 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 21-29 28352667-5 2017 During experimental pneumonia, hepcidin was induced in the liver in an IL-6-dependent manner and mediated a rapid decline in plasma iron. Iron 132-136 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 31-39 28352667-9 2017 These data show hepcidin induction during pneumonia to be essential to preventing bacterial dissemination by limiting extracellular iron availability. Iron 132-136 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 16-24 28135344-2 2017 The amount of iron in the plasma, and hence its availability for hemoglobin synthesis, is determined by the liver-derived iron regulatory hormone hepcidin. Iron 14-18 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 146-154 28057442-2 2017 Ceruloplasmin/hephaestin double knockout mice (Cp/Heph DKO) and hepcidin knockout mice (Hepc KO) accumulate retinal iron and model some features of AMD. Iron 116-120 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 64-72 28228829-11 2017 Hepatic Hamp mRNA levels were lower in the HFD and higher in the CR groups compared with the Control group, which could be a response to maintain iron homeostasis. Iron 146-150 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 8-12 28135344-3 2017 When the iron supply to erythroid precursors is limited, as often occurs during stimulated erythropoiesis, these cells produce signals to inhibit hepatic hepcidin production, thereby increasing the amount of iron that enters the plasma. Iron 9-13 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 154-162 28135344-3 2017 When the iron supply to erythroid precursors is limited, as often occurs during stimulated erythropoiesis, these cells produce signals to inhibit hepatic hepcidin production, thereby increasing the amount of iron that enters the plasma. Iron 208-212 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 154-162 27897970-1 2016 Hepcidin is the master regulator of systemic iron homeostasis. Iron 45-49 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 27864295-1 2017 Bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6) signaling in hepatocytes is a central transcriptional regulator of the iron hormone hepcidin that controls systemic iron balance. Iron 152-156 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 120-128 27903529-7 2017 Iron overload was mediated by decreased hepatic expression of hepcidin, a key regulator of iron homeostasis. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 62-70 27903529-7 2017 Iron overload was mediated by decreased hepatic expression of hepcidin, a key regulator of iron homeostasis. Iron 91-95 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 62-70 28540293-3 2017 Tfr2alpha is one of the hepatic regulators of iron inhibitor hepcidin. Iron 46-50 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 61-69 27741349-0 2017 Hepcidin knockout mice spontaneously develop chronic pancreatitis owing to cytoplasmic iron overload in acinar cells. Iron 87-91 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 27741349-1 2017 Iron is both an essential and a potentially toxic element, and its systemic homeostasis is controlled by the iron hormone hepcidin. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 122-130 27741349-1 2017 Iron is both an essential and a potentially toxic element, and its systemic homeostasis is controlled by the iron hormone hepcidin. Iron 109-113 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 122-130 27741349-2 2017 Hepcidin binds to the cellular iron exporter ferroportin, causes its degradation, and thereby diminishes iron uptake from the intestine and the release of iron from macrophages. Iron 31-35 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 27741349-2 2017 Hepcidin binds to the cellular iron exporter ferroportin, causes its degradation, and thereby diminishes iron uptake from the intestine and the release of iron from macrophages. Iron 105-109 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 27741349-2 2017 Hepcidin binds to the cellular iron exporter ferroportin, causes its degradation, and thereby diminishes iron uptake from the intestine and the release of iron from macrophages. Iron 105-109 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 27741349-6 2017 Six-month-old hepcidin KO mice showed cytoplasmic acinar iron overload and mild pancreatitis, together with elevated expression of the iron uptake mediators DMT1 and Zip14. Iron 57-61 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 14-22 27741349-6 2017 Six-month-old hepcidin KO mice showed cytoplasmic acinar iron overload and mild pancreatitis, together with elevated expression of the iron uptake mediators DMT1 and Zip14. Iron 135-139 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 14-22 27741349-10 2017 Minihepcidin application to hepcidin KO mice led to an improvement in general health status and to iron redistribution from acinar cells to macrophages. Iron 99-103 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 4-12 27741349-12 2017 In conclusion, loss of hepcidin signalling in mice leads to iron overload-induced chronic pancreatitis that is not seen in situations with less severe iron accumulation. Iron 60-64 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 23-31 27741349-12 2017 In conclusion, loss of hepcidin signalling in mice leads to iron overload-induced chronic pancreatitis that is not seen in situations with less severe iron accumulation. Iron 151-155 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 23-31 27935134-14 2016 Iron accumulation has been attributed to suppression of hepcidin by oxidative stress. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 56-64 27864295-1 2017 Bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6) signaling in hepatocytes is a central transcriptional regulator of the iron hormone hepcidin that controls systemic iron balance. Iron 107-111 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 120-128 27686598-0 2017 The regulation of iron metabolism by hepcidin contributes to unloading-induced bone loss. Iron 18-22 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 37-45 27686598-10 2017 During hindlimb unloading, downregulation of hepcidin by siRNA increased iron uptake in bone and liver, which aggravated unloading-induced bone loss. Iron 73-77 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 45-53 27658439-2 2017 Iron is an essential functional component of erythrocyte hemoglobin and its availability is controlled by the liver-derived hormone hepcidin. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 132-140 27658439-9 2017 Importantly, the sustained production of hepcidin allowed by erythroferrone ablation was associated with decreased parasitemia, providing further evidence that transient iron restriction could be beneficial in the treatment of malaria. Iron 170-174 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 41-49 29062571-1 2017 Hepcidin, a phase II reactant secreted by hepatocytes, regulates cellular iron levels by increasing internalization of ferroportin-a transmembrane protein facilitating egress of cellular iron. Iron 74-78 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 29062571-1 2017 Hepcidin, a phase II reactant secreted by hepatocytes, regulates cellular iron levels by increasing internalization of ferroportin-a transmembrane protein facilitating egress of cellular iron. Iron 187-191 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 29062571-11 2017 Our results highlight a modulatory effect of HO on iron homeostasis mediated through the suppression of hepatic hepcidin. Iron 51-55 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 112-120 28462381-12 2017 Alterations to ferroportin that prevent hepcidin binding during suckling may allow iron absorption to remain high regardless of hepcidin expression levels, reducing the likelihood of iron deficiency during development. Iron 83-87 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 40-48 27897970-7 2016 These findings are the first demonstration of a cell-autonomous role for hepcidin in iron homeostasis. Iron 85-89 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 73-81 28203489-1 2016 OBJECTIVE: Hepcidin is a peptide hormone produced by the liver that regulates systemic iron homeostasis. Iron 87-91 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 11-19 28203489-2 2016 Hepcidin is also synthesized by tumors, where it contributes to tumor growth by increasing the tumoral retention of iron. Iron 116-120 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 28203489-13 2016 These results suggest that despite their ability to induce hepcidin in tumors, the anti-tumor efficacy of systemic, non-targeted hepcidin antagonists may be limited by their ability to simultaneously elevate plasma iron. Iron 215-219 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 129-137 27576776-0 2016 Toll-Like Receptor 4/MyD88-Mediated Signaling of Hepcidin Expression Causing Brain Iron Accumulation, Oxidative Injury, and Cognitive Impairment After Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Iron 83-87 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 49-57 27576776-4 2016 METHODS: Parabiosis and ICH models combined with in vivo and in vitro experiments were used to investigate the roles of hepcidin in brain iron metabolism after ICH. Iron 138-142 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 120-128 27576776-8 2016 Using parabiosis ICH models also shows that increased serum hepcidin prevents brain iron efflux. Iron 84-88 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 60-68 27576776-6 2016 The brain iron efflux, oxidative brain injury, and cognition impairment were improved in Hepc-/- ICH mice but aggravated by the human hepcidin-25 peptide in C57BL/6 ICH mice. Iron 10-14 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 89-93 27576776-11 2016 CONCLUSIONS: The results presented here show that increased hepcidin expression caused by inflammation prevents brain iron efflux via inhibition of the intracellular iron efflux of brain microvascular endothelial cells entering into circulation and aggravating oxidative brain injury and cognition impairment, which identifies a mechanistic target for muting inflammation to promote brain iron efflux and to attenuate oxidative brain injury after ICH. Iron 118-122 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 60-68 27576776-7 2016 Data obtained in in vitro studies showed that increased hepcidin inhibited the intracellular iron efflux of brain microvascular endothelial cells but was rescued by a hepcidin antagonist, fursultiamine. Iron 93-97 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 56-64 27576776-11 2016 CONCLUSIONS: The results presented here show that increased hepcidin expression caused by inflammation prevents brain iron efflux via inhibition of the intracellular iron efflux of brain microvascular endothelial cells entering into circulation and aggravating oxidative brain injury and cognition impairment, which identifies a mechanistic target for muting inflammation to promote brain iron efflux and to attenuate oxidative brain injury after ICH. Iron 166-170 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 60-68 27576776-11 2016 CONCLUSIONS: The results presented here show that increased hepcidin expression caused by inflammation prevents brain iron efflux via inhibition of the intracellular iron efflux of brain microvascular endothelial cells entering into circulation and aggravating oxidative brain injury and cognition impairment, which identifies a mechanistic target for muting inflammation to promote brain iron efflux and to attenuate oxidative brain injury after ICH. Iron 166-170 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 60-68 27519943-1 2016 Hepcidin, a peptide produced in the liver, decreases intestinal iron absorption and macrophage iron release by causing degradation of the iron exporter, ferroportin. Iron 64-68 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 27410488-0 2016 Hepcidin independent iron recycling in a mouse model of beta-thalassaemia intermedia. Iron 21-25 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 27410488-1 2016 In conditions such as beta-thalassaemia, stimulated erythropoiesis can reduce the expression of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin, increasing both macrophage iron release and intestinal iron absorption and leading to iron loading. Iron 100-104 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 124-132 27688041-0 2016 Orphan nuclear receptor SHP regulates iron metabolism through inhibition of BMP6-mediated hepcidin expression. Iron 38-42 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 90-98 27688041-3 2016 SHP-deficient mice maintained on a high-iron diet showed increased serum hepcidin levels, decreased expression of the iron exporter ferroportin as well as iron accumulation compared to WT mice. Iron 40-44 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 73-81 27711215-1 2016 Hepcidin is the key regulator of systemic iron availability that acts by controlling the degradation of the iron exporter ferroportin. Iron 42-46 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 27711215-1 2016 Hepcidin is the key regulator of systemic iron availability that acts by controlling the degradation of the iron exporter ferroportin. Iron 108-112 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 27410488-1 2016 In conditions such as beta-thalassaemia, stimulated erythropoiesis can reduce the expression of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin, increasing both macrophage iron release and intestinal iron absorption and leading to iron loading. Iron 161-165 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 124-132 27410488-1 2016 In conditions such as beta-thalassaemia, stimulated erythropoiesis can reduce the expression of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin, increasing both macrophage iron release and intestinal iron absorption and leading to iron loading. Iron 161-165 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 124-132 27410488-1 2016 In conditions such as beta-thalassaemia, stimulated erythropoiesis can reduce the expression of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin, increasing both macrophage iron release and intestinal iron absorption and leading to iron loading. Iron 161-165 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 124-132 27483343-1 2016 Hepcidin, the iron hormone, is regulated by a number of stimulatory and inhibitory signals. Iron 14-18 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 27483343-3 2016 In this study we asked whether hepcidin response to ER stress also requires the small mother against decapentaplegic (SMAD)-1/5/8 pathway, which has a major role in hepcidin regulation in response to iron and other stimuli. Iron 200-204 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 31-39 27483343-3 2016 In this study we asked whether hepcidin response to ER stress also requires the small mother against decapentaplegic (SMAD)-1/5/8 pathway, which has a major role in hepcidin regulation in response to iron and other stimuli. Iron 200-204 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 165-173 27519943-1 2016 Hepcidin, a peptide produced in the liver, decreases intestinal iron absorption and macrophage iron release by causing degradation of the iron exporter, ferroportin. Iron 95-99 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 27519943-1 2016 Hepcidin, a peptide produced in the liver, decreases intestinal iron absorption and macrophage iron release by causing degradation of the iron exporter, ferroportin. Iron 95-99 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 27233600-1 2016 Iron overload, as a risk factor for osteoporosis, can result in the up-regulation of Hepcidin, and Hepcidin knockout mice display defects in their bone microarchitecture. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 85-93 27169626-2 2016 Regulation of iron metabolism is mediated by the iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin. Iron 14-18 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 73-81 27169626-3 2016 Hepcidin limits the amount of iron released into the blood by binding to and causing the internalization of the iron exporter, ferroportin. Iron 30-34 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 27169626-3 2016 Hepcidin limits the amount of iron released into the blood by binding to and causing the internalization of the iron exporter, ferroportin. Iron 112-116 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 27169626-5 2016 An increase in erythropoietic demand decreases hepcidin, resulting in increased bioavailable iron in the blood. Iron 93-97 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 47-55 27477597-1 2016 The Transferrin Receptor 2 (Tfr2) modulates systemic iron metabolism through the regulation of iron regulator Hepcidin (Hepc) and Tfr2 inactivation causes systemic iron overload. Iron 53-57 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 110-118 27477597-1 2016 The Transferrin Receptor 2 (Tfr2) modulates systemic iron metabolism through the regulation of iron regulator Hepcidin (Hepc) and Tfr2 inactivation causes systemic iron overload. Iron 53-57 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 110-114 27477597-1 2016 The Transferrin Receptor 2 (Tfr2) modulates systemic iron metabolism through the regulation of iron regulator Hepcidin (Hepc) and Tfr2 inactivation causes systemic iron overload. Iron 95-99 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 110-118 27477597-1 2016 The Transferrin Receptor 2 (Tfr2) modulates systemic iron metabolism through the regulation of iron regulator Hepcidin (Hepc) and Tfr2 inactivation causes systemic iron overload. Iron 95-99 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 110-114 27477597-1 2016 The Transferrin Receptor 2 (Tfr2) modulates systemic iron metabolism through the regulation of iron regulator Hepcidin (Hepc) and Tfr2 inactivation causes systemic iron overload. Iron 95-99 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 110-118 27477597-1 2016 The Transferrin Receptor 2 (Tfr2) modulates systemic iron metabolism through the regulation of iron regulator Hepcidin (Hepc) and Tfr2 inactivation causes systemic iron overload. Iron 95-99 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 110-114 27233600-1 2016 Iron overload, as a risk factor for osteoporosis, can result in the up-regulation of Hepcidin, and Hepcidin knockout mice display defects in their bone microarchitecture. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 99-107 27233600-3 2016 Here, we show that hepcidin knockdown in zebrafish using morpholinos leads to iron overload. Iron 78-82 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 19-27 27233600-7 2016 Most importantly, we revealed that hepcidin was capable of removing whole-body iron which facilitated larval recovery from the reductions in bone formation and osteogenesis induced by iron overload. Iron 79-83 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 35-43 27233600-7 2016 Most importantly, we revealed that hepcidin was capable of removing whole-body iron which facilitated larval recovery from the reductions in bone formation and osteogenesis induced by iron overload. Iron 184-188 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 35-43 27498743-8 2016 In mice, hepatocyte-specific knockout of the TFR2 gene has been shown to cause systemic iron-overload with decreased expression of hepcidin, the central regulator of iron homeostasis. Iron 166-170 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 131-139 27013087-0 2016 Iron overload in hereditary tyrosinemia type 1 induces liver injury through the Sp1/Tfr2/hepcidin axis. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 89-97 27013087-8 2016 Mechanistic studies revealed that downregulation and dysfunction of Tfr2 decreased hepcidin, leading to iron overload. Iron 104-108 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 83-91 27013087-13 2016 CONCLUSIONS: Iron was severely overloaded in the HT1 mice via the Sp1/Tfr2/Hepcidin axis. Iron 13-17 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 75-83 27035325-2 2016 The hepcidin-ferroportin (FPN) axis is of critical importance in the maintenance of iron homeostasis. Iron 84-88 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 4-12 27080262-0 2016 Decreased hepatic iron in response to alcohol may contribute to alcohol-induced suppression of hepcidin. Iron 18-22 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 95-103 27080262-13 2016 On the contrary, alcohol-induced decreases in hepatic Fe levels were seen and may contribute to alcohol-induced suppression of hepcidin. Iron 54-56 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 127-135 26779615-9 2016 Finally, increasing the serum levels of hepcidin or transferrin alleviates anemia and dyserythropoiesis by diminishing iron uptake by erythroblasts in mouse models. Iron 119-123 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 40-48 27129231-1 2016 The hepatic hormone hepcidin is the master regulator of systemic iron homeostasis. Iron 65-69 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 20-28 27129231-3 2016 Bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6) contributes to the iron-dependent control of hepcidin. Iron 55-59 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 81-89 27129231-10 2016 TGF-beta1 mRNA levels are increased in mouse models of iron overload, indicating that TGF-beta1 may contribute to hepcidin synthesis under these conditions. Iron 55-59 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 114-122 26755707-1 2016 Hepcidin, the main regulator of iron homeostasis, is repressed when erythropoiesis is acutely stimulated by erythropoietin (EPO) to favor iron supply to maturing erythroblasts. Iron 32-36 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 26755707-1 2016 Hepcidin, the main regulator of iron homeostasis, is repressed when erythropoiesis is acutely stimulated by erythropoietin (EPO) to favor iron supply to maturing erythroblasts. Iron 138-142 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 27035325-0 2016 Icariin regulates systemic iron metabolism by increasing hepatic hepcidin expression through Stat3 and Smad1/5/8 signaling. Iron 27-31 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 65-73 27035325-3 2016 Hepcidin deficiency gives rise to enhanced dietary iron absorption, as well as to increased iron release from macrophages, and this in turn results in iron accumulation in the plasma and organs, and is associated with a range of tissue pathologies. Iron 51-55 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 27035325-3 2016 Hepcidin deficiency gives rise to enhanced dietary iron absorption, as well as to increased iron release from macrophages, and this in turn results in iron accumulation in the plasma and organs, and is associated with a range of tissue pathologies. Iron 92-96 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 27035325-3 2016 Hepcidin deficiency gives rise to enhanced dietary iron absorption, as well as to increased iron release from macrophages, and this in turn results in iron accumulation in the plasma and organs, and is associated with a range of tissue pathologies. Iron 92-96 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 27035325-5 2016 Therapies that increase hepcidin concentrations may potentially play a role in the treatment of these iron overload-related diseases. Iron 102-106 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 24-32 27035325-10 2016 The induction of hepcidin was confirmed in mice following icariin administration, coupled with associated changes in serum and tissue iron concentrations. Iron 134-138 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 17-25 27035325-15 2016 The present study therefore highlights the significance of using natural compounds to ameliorate iron disorders through the regulation of hepcidin expression. Iron 97-101 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 138-146 26635037-2 2016 Insufficient hepcidin is implicated in parenchymal iron overload in beta-thalassemia and approaches to increase hepcidin have therapeutic potential. Iron 51-55 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 13-21 26735394-1 2016 Induction of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin contributes to the anemia of inflammation. Iron 17-21 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 41-49 27068103-1 2016 BACKGROUND: Hepcidin, a key regulator of iron metabolism, is produced mainly by interleukin-6 (IL-6) during inflammation. Iron 41-45 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 12-20 27068103-14 2016 CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that overproduction of hepcidin by IL-6 signaling might be a major factor that leads to functionally iron-deficient cancer-related anemia in the LC-06-JCK model. Iron 134-138 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 56-64 27012621-0 2016 The dietary flavonoid myricetin regulates iron homeostasis by suppressing hepcidin expression. Iron 42-46 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 74-82 27012621-1 2016 Hepcidin, a master regulator of iron homeostasis, is a promising target in treatment of iron disorders such as hemochromatosis, anemia of inflammation and iron-deficiency anemia. Iron 32-36 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 26921633-6 2016 The levels of iron regulatory hormone hepcidin were markedly higher in HT mice even before iron loading while ferroportin levels did not alter. Iron 14-18 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 38-46 26921633-8 2016 SIGNIFICANCE: Thalassemic mice have different hepcidin/ferroportin and apoptotic protein expression as a defense mechanism to iron-overload compared with those in WT mice. Iron 126-130 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 46-54 26491866-4 2016 Induction of iron restriction by means of transferrin infusions, minihepcidins or manipulation of the hepcidin pathway prevents iron overload, redistributes iron from parenchymal cells to macrophage stores and partially controls anaemia in beta-thalassaemic mice. Iron 13-17 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 69-77 26293821-6 2016 Infected Hepc-/- mice exhibited decreased iron accumulation in the renal medulla and significant attenuation of the renal inflammatory response. Iron 42-46 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 9-13 26608187-2 2016 Systemic iron homeostasis is predominantly regulated by the liver through the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin. Iron 9-13 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 102-110 27423740-2 2016 Hepcidin (Hamp1) is the master regulator of iron and its expression is induced by inflammation. Iron 44-48 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 26406355-2 2016 However, it is still not clear whether these molecules intersect in vivo with bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6)/mothers against decapentaplegic (SMAD) homolog signaling, the main pathway up-regulating hepcidin expression in response to elevated hepatic iron. Iron 255-259 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 203-211 26506980-0 2016 Mice with hepcidin-resistant ferroportin accumulate iron in the retina. Iron 52-56 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 10-18 26506980-9 2016 The results suggest that physiologic hepcidin levels are insufficient to alter Fpn levels within the retinal pigment epithelium and Muller cells, but may limit iron transport into the retina from vascular endothelial cells. Iron 160-164 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 37-45 27143982-2 2016 Our findings suggest that YGS regulates iron homeostasis by downregulating the level of HAMP mRNA, which may depend on regulation of the IL-6/STAT3 or BMP/HJV/SMAD pathway during acute inflammation. Iron 40-44 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 88-92 26657863-1 2016 Iron homeostasis is tightly regulated by the membrane iron exporter ferroportin and its regulatory peptide hormone hepcidin. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 115-123 27423740-2 2016 Hepcidin (Hamp1) is the master regulator of iron and its expression is induced by inflammation. Iron 44-48 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 10-15 27423740-3 2016 Mice lacking Hamp1 from birth rapidly accumulate iron and are susceptible to infection by blood-dwelling siderophilic bacteria such as Vibrio vulnificus. Iron 49-53 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 13-18 26384816-6 2016 In summary during iron supplementation the lower hepatic malaria numbers are regulated more by hepcidin than the absolute level of non-heme hepatic iron. Iron 18-22 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 95-103 26456104-3 2015 HFE influences iron absorption by modulating the expression of hepcidin, the main controller of iron metabolism. Iron 15-19 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 63-71 26456104-3 2015 HFE influences iron absorption by modulating the expression of hepcidin, the main controller of iron metabolism. Iron 96-100 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 63-71 26870796-6 2015 Surprisingly, the liver was also iron deficient, and production of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin was depressed. Iron 71-75 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 95-103 25788528-0 2015 Hepcidin Mitigates Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Modulating Systemic Iron Homeostasis. Iron 76-80 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 25788528-2 2015 Hepcidin is an endogenous acute phase hepatic hormone that prevents iron export from cells by inducing degradation of the only known iron export protein, ferroportin. Iron 68-72 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 25788528-2 2015 Hepcidin is an endogenous acute phase hepatic hormone that prevents iron export from cells by inducing degradation of the only known iron export protein, ferroportin. Iron 133-137 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 25788528-3 2015 In this study, we used a mouse model to investigate the effect of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury on systemic iron homeostasis and determine if dynamic modulation of iron homeostasis with hepcidin has therapeutic benefit in the treatment of AKI. Iron 168-172 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 190-198 25788528-5 2015 Exogenous hepcidin treatment prevented renal ischemia-reperfusion-induced changes in iron homeostasis. Iron 85-89 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 10-18 25788528-7 2015 Hepcidin-induced restoration of iron homeostasis was accompanied by a significant reduction in ischemia-reperfusion-induced tubular injury, apoptosis, renal oxidative stress, and inflammatory cell infiltration. Iron 32-36 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 25788528-9 2015 Reconstituting hepcidin-deficient mice with exogenous hepcidin induced hepatic iron sequestration, attenuated the reduction in renal H-ferritin and reduced renal oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, and tubular injury. Iron 79-83 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 15-23 25788528-9 2015 Reconstituting hepcidin-deficient mice with exogenous hepcidin induced hepatic iron sequestration, attenuated the reduction in renal H-ferritin and reduced renal oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, and tubular injury. Iron 79-83 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 54-62 25788528-12 2015 Hepcidin treatment restores iron homeostasis and reduces inflammation to mediate protection in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, suggesting that hepcidin-ferroportin pathway holds promise as a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of AKI. Iron 28-32 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 25788528-12 2015 Hepcidin treatment restores iron homeostasis and reduces inflammation to mediate protection in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, suggesting that hepcidin-ferroportin pathway holds promise as a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of AKI. Iron 28-32 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 146-154 26294671-4 2015 That the anemia was due to iron deficiency was demonstrated by the following observations in DMT1(int/int) mice: 1) blood iron and tissue nonheme-iron stores were depleted; 2) mRNA expression of liver hepcidin (Hamp1) was depressed; and 3) intraperitoneal iron injection corrected the anemia, and reversed the changes in blood iron, nonheme-iron stores, and hepcidin expression levels. Iron 27-31 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 201-209 26294671-4 2015 That the anemia was due to iron deficiency was demonstrated by the following observations in DMT1(int/int) mice: 1) blood iron and tissue nonheme-iron stores were depleted; 2) mRNA expression of liver hepcidin (Hamp1) was depressed; and 3) intraperitoneal iron injection corrected the anemia, and reversed the changes in blood iron, nonheme-iron stores, and hepcidin expression levels. Iron 27-31 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 211-216 26294671-4 2015 That the anemia was due to iron deficiency was demonstrated by the following observations in DMT1(int/int) mice: 1) blood iron and tissue nonheme-iron stores were depleted; 2) mRNA expression of liver hepcidin (Hamp1) was depressed; and 3) intraperitoneal iron injection corrected the anemia, and reversed the changes in blood iron, nonheme-iron stores, and hepcidin expression levels. Iron 27-31 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 358-366 26294671-4 2015 That the anemia was due to iron deficiency was demonstrated by the following observations in DMT1(int/int) mice: 1) blood iron and tissue nonheme-iron stores were depleted; 2) mRNA expression of liver hepcidin (Hamp1) was depressed; and 3) intraperitoneal iron injection corrected the anemia, and reversed the changes in blood iron, nonheme-iron stores, and hepcidin expression levels. Iron 122-126 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 201-209 26294671-4 2015 That the anemia was due to iron deficiency was demonstrated by the following observations in DMT1(int/int) mice: 1) blood iron and tissue nonheme-iron stores were depleted; 2) mRNA expression of liver hepcidin (Hamp1) was depressed; and 3) intraperitoneal iron injection corrected the anemia, and reversed the changes in blood iron, nonheme-iron stores, and hepcidin expression levels. Iron 122-126 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 201-209 26294671-4 2015 That the anemia was due to iron deficiency was demonstrated by the following observations in DMT1(int/int) mice: 1) blood iron and tissue nonheme-iron stores were depleted; 2) mRNA expression of liver hepcidin (Hamp1) was depressed; and 3) intraperitoneal iron injection corrected the anemia, and reversed the changes in blood iron, nonheme-iron stores, and hepcidin expression levels. Iron 122-126 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 201-209 26294671-4 2015 That the anemia was due to iron deficiency was demonstrated by the following observations in DMT1(int/int) mice: 1) blood iron and tissue nonheme-iron stores were depleted; 2) mRNA expression of liver hepcidin (Hamp1) was depressed; and 3) intraperitoneal iron injection corrected the anemia, and reversed the changes in blood iron, nonheme-iron stores, and hepcidin expression levels. Iron 122-126 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 201-209 26294671-4 2015 That the anemia was due to iron deficiency was demonstrated by the following observations in DMT1(int/int) mice: 1) blood iron and tissue nonheme-iron stores were depleted; 2) mRNA expression of liver hepcidin (Hamp1) was depressed; and 3) intraperitoneal iron injection corrected the anemia, and reversed the changes in blood iron, nonheme-iron stores, and hepcidin expression levels. Iron 122-126 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 201-209 26276665-1 2015 Inherited anemias with ineffective erythropoiesis, such as beta-thalassemia, manifest inappropriately low hepcidin production and consequent excessive absorption of dietary iron, leading to iron overload. Iron 190-194 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 106-114 25781546-1 2015 BACKGROUND: The peptide hepcidin plays a central role in regulating dietary iron absorption and body iron distribution. Iron 76-80 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 24-32 25781546-1 2015 BACKGROUND: The peptide hepcidin plays a central role in regulating dietary iron absorption and body iron distribution. Iron 101-105 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 24-32 25781546-3 2015 Hepcidin has been suggested as a promising diagnostic marker for iron-related disorders. Iron 65-69 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 25781546-10 2015 RESULTS: We show that the LC-MS/MS is suitable for accurate determination of hepcidin-25 in clinical samples, thereby representing a useful tool for the clinical diagnosis and follow-up of iron-related diseases. Iron 189-193 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 77-85 25781546-12 2015 CONCLUSIONS: Therefore, we propose this adaptive LC-MS/MS method as a suitable method for accurate determination of hepcidin-25 in clinical samples and as a major tool contributing to the clinical diagnosis, follow-up and management of iron-related disorders. Iron 236-240 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 116-124 25609138-0 2015 Hfe and Hjv exhibit overlapping functions for iron signaling to hepcidin. Iron 46-50 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 64-72 25839654-1 2015 Hepcidin is a peptide hormone secreted in the liver and plays a key role in maintaining iron homeostasis. Iron 88-92 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 25839654-8 2015 Overall, our current study provides a novel molecular mechanism of BTG2-mediated induction of hepcidin gene expression, thereby contributing to a better understanding of the hepatic hepcidin production involved in iron homeostasis. Iron 214-218 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 94-102 25839654-8 2015 Overall, our current study provides a novel molecular mechanism of BTG2-mediated induction of hepcidin gene expression, thereby contributing to a better understanding of the hepatic hepcidin production involved in iron homeostasis. Iron 214-218 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 182-190 25904410-1 2015 Hepcidin, a circulatory antimicrobial peptide, is involved in iron homeostasis, inflammation, infection and metabolic signals. Iron 62-66 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 25904410-6 2015 The ubiquitous or liver-specific deletion of Hamp1 alleles yielded similar quantitative changes in iron levels in the liver, duodenum, spleen, kidney, heart and brain. Iron 99-103 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 45-50 25568302-1 2015 The anaemia of chronic disease (ACD) results from inflammation-mediated up-regulation of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin, with the consequent sequestration of iron limiting its availability for erythropoiesis. Iron 93-97 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 117-125 25568302-1 2015 The anaemia of chronic disease (ACD) results from inflammation-mediated up-regulation of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin, with the consequent sequestration of iron limiting its availability for erythropoiesis. Iron 164-168 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 117-125 25568302-6 2015 In the absence of IL-22, there was a response of hepcidin, resulting in a reduction in serum iron levels. Iron 93-97 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 49-57 25608116-6 2015 After an acute delivery of iron, the expression of hepcidin (i.e., Hamp1 mRNA) was increased in the livers of wild-type and Hfe(-/-) mice, but not in either Hjv(-/-) or Hfe(-/-)Hjv(-/-) mice. Iron 27-31 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 51-59 25608116-6 2015 After an acute delivery of iron, the expression of hepcidin (i.e., Hamp1 mRNA) was increased in the livers of wild-type and Hfe(-/-) mice, but not in either Hjv(-/-) or Hfe(-/-)Hjv(-/-) mice. Iron 27-31 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 67-72 25955433-1 2015 This study investigates the regulation of hepcidin, the key iron-regulatory molecule, by alcohol and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in glutathione peroxidase-1 (gpx-1(-/-)) and catalase (catalase(-/-)) knockout mice. Iron 60-64 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 42-50 25609138-2 2015 Systemic iron overload results from inadequate expression of hepcidin, the iron regulatory hormone. Iron 9-13 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 61-69 25860887-10 2015 We propose that NPCs, sensing the iron flux, not only increase hepcidin through Bmp6 with a paracrine mechanism to control systemic iron homeostasis but, controlling hepcidin, they regulate their own ferroportin, inducing iron retention or release and further modulating Bmp6 production in an autocrine manner. Iron 34-38 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 63-71 25686467-4 2015 To maintain iron homeostasis, the hepcidin-ferroportin (FPN) axis is critically important, and hepcidin is the central governor in guiding dietary iron absorption and iron egress from macrophages. Iron 147-151 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 95-103 25686467-4 2015 To maintain iron homeostasis, the hepcidin-ferroportin (FPN) axis is critically important, and hepcidin is the central governor in guiding dietary iron absorption and iron egress from macrophages. Iron 147-151 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 95-103 25686467-11 2015 Moreover, hepatic hepcidin was downregulated in wild-type mice upon PCB126 administration, coupled with elevated serum iron content as well as reduced hepatic and splenic iron mass. Iron 119-123 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 18-26 25686467-11 2015 Moreover, hepatic hepcidin was downregulated in wild-type mice upon PCB126 administration, coupled with elevated serum iron content as well as reduced hepatic and splenic iron mass. Iron 171-175 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 18-26 25860887-1 2015 Bmp6 is the main activator of hepcidin, the liver hormone that negatively regulates plasma iron influx by degrading the sole iron exporter ferroportin in enterocytes and macrophages. Iron 91-95 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 30-38 25860887-1 2015 Bmp6 is the main activator of hepcidin, the liver hormone that negatively regulates plasma iron influx by degrading the sole iron exporter ferroportin in enterocytes and macrophages. Iron 125-129 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 30-38 25860887-10 2015 We propose that NPCs, sensing the iron flux, not only increase hepcidin through Bmp6 with a paracrine mechanism to control systemic iron homeostasis but, controlling hepcidin, they regulate their own ferroportin, inducing iron retention or release and further modulating Bmp6 production in an autocrine manner. Iron 34-38 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 166-174 25860887-6 2015 When hepcidin expression is abnormal in murine models of iron overload (Hjv KO mice) and deficiency (Tmprss6 KO mice), Bmp6 expression in NPCs was not related to Tfr1. Iron 57-61 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 5-13 25860887-11 2015 This mechanism, that contributes to protect HC from iron loading or deficiency, is lost in disease models of hepcidin production. Iron 52-56 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 109-117 25557851-1 2015 beta-thalassemias result from diminished beta-globin synthesis and are associated with ineffective erythropoiesis and secondary iron overload caused by inappropriately low levels of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin. Iron 128-132 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 210-218 25662334-3 2015 The iron hormone hepcidin is activated by such stimuli causing degradation of the iron exporter ferroportin and reduced iron release from macrophages, suggesting that hepcidin is the crucial effector of inflammatory hypoferremia. Iron 4-8 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 17-25 25662334-3 2015 The iron hormone hepcidin is activated by such stimuli causing degradation of the iron exporter ferroportin and reduced iron release from macrophages, suggesting that hepcidin is the crucial effector of inflammatory hypoferremia. Iron 4-8 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 167-175 25662334-3 2015 The iron hormone hepcidin is activated by such stimuli causing degradation of the iron exporter ferroportin and reduced iron release from macrophages, suggesting that hepcidin is the crucial effector of inflammatory hypoferremia. Iron 82-86 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 17-25 25662334-3 2015 The iron hormone hepcidin is activated by such stimuli causing degradation of the iron exporter ferroportin and reduced iron release from macrophages, suggesting that hepcidin is the crucial effector of inflammatory hypoferremia. Iron 82-86 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 167-175 25662334-3 2015 The iron hormone hepcidin is activated by such stimuli causing degradation of the iron exporter ferroportin and reduced iron release from macrophages, suggesting that hepcidin is the crucial effector of inflammatory hypoferremia. Iron 82-86 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 17-25 25662334-3 2015 The iron hormone hepcidin is activated by such stimuli causing degradation of the iron exporter ferroportin and reduced iron release from macrophages, suggesting that hepcidin is the crucial effector of inflammatory hypoferremia. Iron 82-86 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 167-175 25662334-6 2015 Furthermore, C326S ferroportin mutant mice with a disrupted hepcidin/ferroportin regulatory circuitry respond to injection of the TLR2/6 ligands FSL1 or PAM3CSK4 by ferroportin downregulation and a reduction of serum iron levels. Iron 217-221 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 60-68 25662334-7 2015 Our findings challenge the prevailing role of hepcidin in hypoferremia and suggest that rapid hepcidin-independent ferroportin downregulation in the major sites of iron recycling may represent a first-line response to restrict iron access for numerous pathogens. Iron 164-168 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 94-102 25662334-7 2015 Our findings challenge the prevailing role of hepcidin in hypoferremia and suggest that rapid hepcidin-independent ferroportin downregulation in the major sites of iron recycling may represent a first-line response to restrict iron access for numerous pathogens. Iron 227-231 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 94-102 25557851-2 2015 The serine protease TMPRSS6 attenuates hepcidin production in response to iron stores. Iron 74-78 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 39-47 25557851-3 2015 Hepcidin induction reduces iron overload and mitigates anemia in murine models of beta-thalassemia intermedia. Iron 27-31 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 25590758-3 2015 Additionally, timely administration of hepcidin agonists to hepcidin-deficient mice induces hypoferremia that decreases bacterial loads and rescues these mice from death, regardless of initial iron levels. Iron 193-197 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 39-47 25519735-1 2015 Under conditions of accelerated erythropoiesis, elevated erythropoietin (Epo) levels are associated with inhibition of hepcidin synthesis, a response that ultimately increases iron availability to meet the enhanced iron needs of erythropoietic cells. Iron 176-180 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 119-127 25264597-0 2015 Hepatic hepcidin protects against polymicrobial sepsis in mice by regulating host iron status. Iron 82-86 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 8-16 25264597-1 2015 BACKGROUND: Hepcidin is a master regulator of iron metabolism primarily produced by the liver. Iron 46-50 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 12-20 25264597-7 2015 RESULTS: Disruption of liver hepcidin expression increased serum iron level (537.8 +- 28.1 mug/dl [mean +- SD] vs. 235.9 +- 62.2 mug/dl; P < 0.05) and reduced iron content in the spleen macrophages at the steady state. Iron 65-69 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 29-37 25264597-7 2015 RESULTS: Disruption of liver hepcidin expression increased serum iron level (537.8 +- 28.1 mug/dl [mean +- SD] vs. 235.9 +- 62.2 mug/dl; P < 0.05) and reduced iron content in the spleen macrophages at the steady state. Iron 162-166 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 29-37 25264597-9 2015 Treating the hepatic hepcidin knockdown mice with low-iron diet plus iron chelation decreased systemic iron content (serum level: 324.0 +- 67.4 mug/dl vs. 517.4 +- 13.4 mug/dl; P < 0.05) and rescued the mice from lethal sepsis (7-day survival: 36.8% vs. 83.3%; P < 0.01). Iron 54-58 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 21-29 25264597-9 2015 Treating the hepatic hepcidin knockdown mice with low-iron diet plus iron chelation decreased systemic iron content (serum level: 324.0 +- 67.4 mug/dl vs. 517.4 +- 13.4 mug/dl; P < 0.05) and rescued the mice from lethal sepsis (7-day survival: 36.8% vs. 83.3%; P < 0.01). Iron 69-73 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 21-29 25264597-9 2015 Treating the hepatic hepcidin knockdown mice with low-iron diet plus iron chelation decreased systemic iron content (serum level: 324.0 +- 67.4 mug/dl vs. 517.4 +- 13.4 mug/dl; P < 0.05) and rescued the mice from lethal sepsis (7-day survival: 36.8% vs. 83.3%; P < 0.01). Iron 69-73 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 21-29 25059214-4 2015 We recently found that hepcidin can increase intracellular iron and calcium levels and promote mineralization in osteoblasts. Iron 59-63 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 23-31 25264597-10 2015 CONCLUSIONS: Hepatic hepcidin plays an important role in sepsis through regulation of iron metabolism. Iron 86-90 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 21-29 25425686-1 2015 Mice have been essential for distinguishing the role of hepcidin in iron homeostasis. Iron 68-72 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 56-64 25425686-8 2015 We demonstrate that serum hepcidin concentrations correlate with liver hepcidin mRNA expression, transferrin saturation and non-heme liver iron. Iron 139-143 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 26-34 25425686-9 2015 In some circumstances, serum hepcidin-1 more accurately predicts iron parameters than hepcidin mRNA, and distinguishes smaller, statistically significant differences between experimental groups. Iron 65-69 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 29-37 25590758-4 2015 Studies of Vibrio vulnificus growth ex vivo show that high iron sera from hepcidin-deficient mice support extraordinarily rapid bacterial growth and that this is inhibited in hypoferremic sera. Iron 59-63 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 74-82 25205713-1 2015 Matriptase-2 is a type II transmembrane serine protease controlling the expression of hepcidin, the key regulator of iron homeostasis. Iron 117-121 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 86-94 28962376-2 2015 In the liver, it cleaves prohepcidin to form active hepcidin-25, which regulates systemic iron homeostasis. Iron 90-94 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 28-36 28962376-4 2015 Several studies have identified factors that repress hepcidin gene transcription in iron overload. Iron 84-88 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 53-61 28962376-5 2015 However, the effect of iron overload on furin, a post-translational regulator of hepcidin, has never been evaluated. Iron 23-27 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 81-89 28962376-11 2015 The hepcidin gene (hepcidin antimicrobial peptide gene, Hamp1) expression was increased in iron-overloaded WT and th3/+ mice. Iron 91-95 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 4-12 28962376-11 2015 The hepcidin gene (hepcidin antimicrobial peptide gene, Hamp1) expression was increased in iron-overloaded WT and th3/+ mice. Iron 91-95 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 19-49 28962376-11 2015 The hepcidin gene (hepcidin antimicrobial peptide gene, Hamp1) expression was increased in iron-overloaded WT and th3/+ mice. Iron 91-95 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 56-61 25569627-1 2015 Hepcidin is a key hormone that induces the degradation of ferroportin (FPN), a protein that exports iron from reticuloendothelial macrophages and enterocytes. Iron 100-104 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 25569627-10 2015 Possible explanations for the increased hepcidin expression observed in HFD animals may include: increased leptin levels, the liver iron accumulation or endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Iron 132-136 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 40-48 28962376-13 2015 In conclusion, we demonstrate furin downregulation in conjunction with Hamp1 mRNA-unrelated pattern of hepcidin protein expression in iron-overloaded mice, particularly the WT mice, suggesting that, not only the amount of hepcidin but also the furin-mediated physiological activity may be decreased in severe iron overload condition. Iron 134-138 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 222-230 25300398-1 2015 PURPOSE: Iron overload accelerates bone loss in mice lacking the bone morphogenetic protein 6 (Bmp6) gene, which is the key endogenous regulator of hepcidin, iron homeostasis gene. Iron 9-13 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 148-156 25300398-1 2015 PURPOSE: Iron overload accelerates bone loss in mice lacking the bone morphogenetic protein 6 (Bmp6) gene, which is the key endogenous regulator of hepcidin, iron homeostasis gene. Iron 158-162 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 148-156 25300398-5 2015 RESULTS: In WT mice, 4 h following iron challenge, liver Bmp6 and hepcidin expression were increased, while expression of other Bmps was not affected. Iron 35-39 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 66-74 25300398-7 2015 In Bmp6-/- mice, iron challenge led to blunted activation of liver Smad signaling and hepcidin expression with a delay of 24 h, associated with increased Bmp5 and Bmp7 expression and increased Bmp2, 4, 5 and 9 expression in the duodenum. Iron 17-21 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 86-94 25241290-1 2014 Hepcidin is a peptide hormone that controls systemic iron availability and is upregulated by iron and inflammation. Iron 53-57 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 25673336-3 2014 In a mouse model of acute lung injury, they showed that silencing hepcidin (the master regulator of iron metabolism) locally in airway epithelial cells aggravates lung injury by increasing the release of iron from alveolar macrophages, which in turn enhances pulmonary bacterial growth and reduces the macrophages" killing properties. Iron 100-104 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 66-74 25673336-3 2014 In a mouse model of acute lung injury, they showed that silencing hepcidin (the master regulator of iron metabolism) locally in airway epithelial cells aggravates lung injury by increasing the release of iron from alveolar macrophages, which in turn enhances pulmonary bacterial growth and reduces the macrophages" killing properties. Iron 204-208 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 66-74 25673336-4 2014 This work underscores that hepcidin acts not only systematically (as a hormone) but also locally for iron metabolism regulation. Iron 101-105 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 27-35 25241290-1 2014 Hepcidin is a peptide hormone that controls systemic iron availability and is upregulated by iron and inflammation. Iron 93-97 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 25075125-1 2014 Expression of hepcidin, the hepatic hormone controlling iron homeostasis, is regulated by bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling. Iron 56-60 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 14-22 25193872-2 2014 ERFE mediates the suppression of the iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin to increase iron absorption and mobilization of iron from stores. Iron 37-41 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 61-69 25193872-2 2014 ERFE mediates the suppression of the iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin to increase iron absorption and mobilization of iron from stores. Iron 82-86 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 61-69 24598129-3 2014 RESULTS: Exposure of subjects to hypoxia resulted in a significant decrease of serum levels of the master regulator of iron homeostasis hepcidin and elevated concentrations of platelet derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB. Iron 119-123 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 136-144 24598129-5 2014 We then exposed mice to hypoxia using a standardised chamber and observed downregulation of hepatic hepcidin mRNA expression that was paralleled by elevated serum PDGF-BB protein concentrations and higher serum iron levels as compared with mice housed under normoxic conditions. Iron 211-215 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 100-108 25342699-12 2014 Hepatic hepcidin mRNA expression reflected the nonheme-iron concentrations of the liver and was also comparable for both nano Fe(III)- and FeSO4-supplemented groups, as were iron concentrations in the spleen and duodenum. Iron 55-59 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 8-16 25075125-6 2014 Iron injection increased hepatic hepcidin mRNA levels in mice deficient in either BMPR2 or ActR2a, but not in mice deficient in both BMP type II receptors. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 33-41 24816174-12 2014 CONCLUSIONS: Hepcidin KO mice represent a novel model of iron overload-related liver diseases and implicate lysosomal injury as a crucial event in iron toxicity. Iron 57-61 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 13-21 24816174-12 2014 CONCLUSIONS: Hepcidin KO mice represent a novel model of iron overload-related liver diseases and implicate lysosomal injury as a crucial event in iron toxicity. Iron 147-151 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 13-21 24816174-0 2014 Hepcidin knockout mice fed with iron-rich diet develop chronic liver injury and liver fibrosis due to lysosomal iron overload. Iron 32-36 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 24816174-0 2014 Hepcidin knockout mice fed with iron-rich diet develop chronic liver injury and liver fibrosis due to lysosomal iron overload. Iron 112-116 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 24816174-1 2014 BACKGROUND & AIMS: Hepcidin is the central regulator of iron homeostasis and altered hepcidin signalling results in both hereditary and acquired iron overload. Iron 60-64 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 23-31 24816174-1 2014 BACKGROUND & AIMS: Hepcidin is the central regulator of iron homeostasis and altered hepcidin signalling results in both hereditary and acquired iron overload. Iron 149-153 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 23-31 24816174-1 2014 BACKGROUND & AIMS: Hepcidin is the central regulator of iron homeostasis and altered hepcidin signalling results in both hereditary and acquired iron overload. Iron 149-153 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 89-97 24816174-7 2014 RESULTS: Among mice kept on iron-rich diet, 6 months old hepcidin KO mice (vs. WT) displayed profound hepatic iron overload (3,186 +- 411 vs. 1,045 +- 159 mug/mg tissue, p<0.005), elevated liver enzymes (ALT: KO 128 +- 6, WT 56 +- 5 IU/L, p<0.05), mild hepatic inflammation and hepatocellular apoptosis. Iron 28-32 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 57-65 24816174-7 2014 RESULTS: Among mice kept on iron-rich diet, 6 months old hepcidin KO mice (vs. WT) displayed profound hepatic iron overload (3,186 +- 411 vs. 1,045 +- 159 mug/mg tissue, p<0.005), elevated liver enzymes (ALT: KO 128 +- 6, WT 56 +- 5 IU/L, p<0.05), mild hepatic inflammation and hepatocellular apoptosis. Iron 110-114 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 57-65 25096529-2 2014 Hepcidin is a beta-defensin-like antimicrobial peptide and acts as a principal iron regulatory hormone. Iron 79-83 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 25002578-1 2014 Systemic iron balance is controlled by the liver peptide hormone hepcidin, which is transcriptionally regulated by the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-SMAD pathway. Iron 9-13 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 65-73 25002578-2 2014 In iron deficiency, liver BMP-SMAD signaling and hepcidin are suppressed as a compensatory mechanism to increase iron availability. Iron 3-7 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 49-57 25002578-10 2014 Our data suggest that iron deficiency increases liver miR-130a, which, by targeting ALK2, may contribute to reduce BMP-SMAD signaling, suppress hepcidin synthesis, and thereby promote iron availability. Iron 22-26 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 144-152 24038040-4 2014 Further analysis showed that the concentration of hepcidin, a hepatic iron-regulating hormone peptide, was reduced in PCLS medium after APAP treatment, resembling the decreased mouse plasma concentrations of hepcidin observed after APAP treatment. Iron 70-74 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 50-58 25096529-10 2014 The levels of hepcidin-related iron export protein ferroportin were measured, and the iron content and function of alveolar macrophages were evaluated. Iron 31-35 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 14-22 25096529-13 2014 The knockdown of hepcidin in airway epithelial cells also led to reduced ferroportin degradation and a low intracellular iron content in alveolar macrophages. Iron 121-125 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 17-25 25096529-16 2014 The severe lung injury in the airway epithelial cell-derived hepcidin knockdown mice is at least partially related to the altered intracellular iron level and function of alveolar macrophages. Iron 144-148 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 61-69 24567067-2 2014 Integral to our understanding of transferrin, studies in hypotransferrinemic mice, a model of inherited transferrin deficiency, have demonstrated that transferrin is essential for iron delivery for erythropoiesis and in the regulation of expression of hepcidin, a hormone that inhibits macrophage and enterocyte iron efflux. Iron 180-184 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 252-260 25100063-0 2014 Resistance of ferroportin to hepcidin binding causes exocrine pancreatic failure and fatal iron overload. Iron 91-95 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 29-37 25100063-1 2014 The regulatory axis between the iron hormone hepcidin and its receptor, the iron exporter ferroportin (FPN), is central to iron homeostasis. Iron 32-36 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 45-53 25100063-1 2014 The regulatory axis between the iron hormone hepcidin and its receptor, the iron exporter ferroportin (FPN), is central to iron homeostasis. Iron 76-80 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 45-53 25100063-2 2014 Mutations preventing hepcidin-mediated degradation of FPN cause systemic iron overload. Iron 73-77 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 21-29 25100063-7 2014 This work uncovers the critical importance of the hepcidin-ferroportin regulatory axis for life and unveils the sensitivity of the exocrine pancreas to iron overload. Iron 152-156 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 50-58 24567067-2 2014 Integral to our understanding of transferrin, studies in hypotransferrinemic mice, a model of inherited transferrin deficiency, have demonstrated that transferrin is essential for iron delivery for erythropoiesis and in the regulation of expression of hepcidin, a hormone that inhibits macrophage and enterocyte iron efflux. Iron 312-316 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 252-260 24652331-4 2014 Serum iron and ferritin as well as iron contents in liver and femur were significantly increased in Hepc1(-/-) mice compared to WT mice. Iron 6-10 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 100-105 24880340-2 2014 After hemorrhage, suppression of the iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin allows increased iron absorption and mobilization from stores. Iron 37-41 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 61-69 24970260-0 2014 The oral iron chelator deferiprone protects against systemic iron overload-induced retinal degeneration in hepcidin knockout mice. Iron 9-13 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 107-115 24970260-2 2014 These Hepc knockout (KO) mice have age-dependent systemic and retinal iron accumulation leading to retinal degeneration. Iron 70-74 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 6-10 24970260-12 2014 CONCLUSIONS: Long-term treatment with the oral iron chelator DFP diminished retinal and RPE iron levels and oxidative stress, providing significant protection against retinal degeneration caused by chronic systemic iron overload in Hepc KO mice. Iron 47-51 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 232-236 24646470-1 2014 Hepcidin is a 25-amino-acid peptide demonstrated to be the iron regulatory hormone capable of blocking iron absorption from the duodenum and iron release from macrophages. Iron 59-63 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 24646470-1 2014 Hepcidin is a 25-amino-acid peptide demonstrated to be the iron regulatory hormone capable of blocking iron absorption from the duodenum and iron release from macrophages. Iron 103-107 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 24973448-0 2014 Intestinal inflammation modulates expression of the iron-regulating hormone hepcidin depending on erythropoietic activity and the commensal microbiota. Iron 52-56 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 76-84 24973448-2 2014 Abnormally elevated expression of the hormone hepcidin, the central regulator of systemic iron homeostasis, has been implicated in these abnormalities. Iron 90-94 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 46-54 24561287-0 2014 Hepcidin deficiency undermines bone load-bearing capacity through inducing iron overload. Iron 75-79 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 24561287-4 2014 Systemic iron homeostasis is fundamentally governed by the hepcidin-ferroportin regulatory axis, where hepcidin is the key regulator. Iron 9-13 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 59-67 24561287-4 2014 Systemic iron homeostasis is fundamentally governed by the hepcidin-ferroportin regulatory axis, where hepcidin is the key regulator. Iron 9-13 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 103-111 24561287-5 2014 Hepcidin deficiency could induce a few disorders, of which iron overload is the most representative phenotype. Iron 59-63 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 24561287-8 2014 Our results revealed that significant iron overload was induced in Hamp1(-/-) mice. Iron 38-42 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 67-72 24652331-4 2014 Serum iron and ferritin as well as iron contents in liver and femur were significantly increased in Hepc1(-/-) mice compared to WT mice. Iron 35-39 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 100-105 24658816-2 2014 Hepatic TFR2, together with HFE, activates the transcription of the iron-regulator hepcidin, while erythroid TFR2 is a member of the erythropoietin receptor complex. Iron 68-72 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 83-91 24658816-3 2014 The TMPRSS6 gene, encoding the liver-expressed serine protease matriptase-2, is the main inhibitor of hepcidin and inactivation of TMPRSS6 leads to iron deficiency with high hepcidin levels. Iron 148-152 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 102-110 24658816-3 2014 The TMPRSS6 gene, encoding the liver-expressed serine protease matriptase-2, is the main inhibitor of hepcidin and inactivation of TMPRSS6 leads to iron deficiency with high hepcidin levels. Iron 148-152 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 174-182 24746831-0 2014 Quercetin prevents ethanol-induced iron overload by regulating hepcidin through the BMP6/SMAD4 signaling pathway. Iron 35-39 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 63-71 24746831-10 2014 In contrast, co-treatment with iron and ethanol, especially exposure of iron alone, activated BMP6/SMAD4 pathway and up-regulated hepcidin expression, which was also normalized by quercetin in vivo. Iron 31-35 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 130-138 24746831-10 2014 In contrast, co-treatment with iron and ethanol, especially exposure of iron alone, activated BMP6/SMAD4 pathway and up-regulated hepcidin expression, which was also normalized by quercetin in vivo. Iron 72-76 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 130-138 24847265-2 2014 TFR2 gene is mutated in type 3 hemochromatosis, a disorder characterized by iron overload and inability to upregulate hepcidin in response to iron. Iron 142-146 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 118-126 24415655-3 2014 These differences in erythrocyte parameters suggest anemia in many inflammatory states may not be fully explained by hepcidin-mediated iron sequestration. Iron 135-139 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 117-125 24415655-11 2014 Our results suggest chronic anemia associated with inflammation may benefit from interventions protecting erythrocyte number in addition to anti-hepcidin interventions aimed at enhancing iron availability. Iron 187-191 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 145-153 24361124-0 2014 Gluconeogenic signals regulate iron homeostasis via hepcidin in mice. Iron 31-35 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 52-60 24044515-0 2014 Calorie restriction down-regulates expression of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin in normal and D-galactose-induced aging mouse brain. Iron 53-57 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 77-85 24361124-14 2014 CONCLUSIONS: We identified a link between glucose and iron homeostasis, showing that Hepcidin is a gluconeogenic sensor in mice during starvation. Iron 54-58 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 85-93 24021424-8 2014 Wild-type and Nrf2(-/-) mice fed iron-rich diet accumulated similar amounts of iron in the liver and were equally able to increase the expression of hepatic hepcidin and ferritin. Iron 33-37 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 157-165 24044515-10 2014 The results suggest that the anti-aging effects of CR might partially lie in its capacity to reduce or avoid age-related iron accumulation in the brain through down-regulating expression of brain hepcidin--the key negative regulator for intracellular iron efflux--and that facilitating the balance of brain iron metabolism may be a promising anti-aging measure. Iron 251-255 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 196-204 24357728-8 2014 Similarly to severe human anemia of inflammation, the B abortus model shows multifactorial pathogenesis of inflammatory anemia including iron restriction from increased hepcidin, transient suppression of erythropoiesis, and shortened erythrocyte lifespan. Iron 137-141 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 169-177 24357728-9 2014 Ablation of hepcidin relieves iron restriction and improves the anemia. Iron 30-34 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 12-20 24357729-2 2014 Induction of hepcidin, mediated by interleukin 6, leads to iron-restricted erythropoiesis and anemia. Iron 59-63 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 13-21 24044515-10 2014 The results suggest that the anti-aging effects of CR might partially lie in its capacity to reduce or avoid age-related iron accumulation in the brain through down-regulating expression of brain hepcidin--the key negative regulator for intracellular iron efflux--and that facilitating the balance of brain iron metabolism may be a promising anti-aging measure. Iron 121-125 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 196-204 24044515-10 2014 The results suggest that the anti-aging effects of CR might partially lie in its capacity to reduce or avoid age-related iron accumulation in the brain through down-regulating expression of brain hepcidin--the key negative regulator for intracellular iron efflux--and that facilitating the balance of brain iron metabolism may be a promising anti-aging measure. Iron 251-255 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 196-204 24409331-0 2014 Iron-dependent regulation of hepcidin in Hjv-/- mice: evidence that hemojuvelin is dispensable for sensing body iron levels. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 29-37 24489950-3 2014 However, upon infection the host uses a defensive response by limiting the bioavailability of iron by a number of mechanisms including the enhanced expression of hepcidin, the master iron-regulating hormone, which reduces iron uptake from the gut and retains iron in macrophages. Iron 94-98 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 162-170 24489950-3 2014 However, upon infection the host uses a defensive response by limiting the bioavailability of iron by a number of mechanisms including the enhanced expression of hepcidin, the master iron-regulating hormone, which reduces iron uptake from the gut and retains iron in macrophages. Iron 183-187 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 162-170 24489950-3 2014 However, upon infection the host uses a defensive response by limiting the bioavailability of iron by a number of mechanisms including the enhanced expression of hepcidin, the master iron-regulating hormone, which reduces iron uptake from the gut and retains iron in macrophages. Iron 183-187 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 162-170 24489950-3 2014 However, upon infection the host uses a defensive response by limiting the bioavailability of iron by a number of mechanisms including the enhanced expression of hepcidin, the master iron-regulating hormone, which reduces iron uptake from the gut and retains iron in macrophages. Iron 183-187 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 162-170 24409331-6 2014 Hepcidin mRNA expression responded to fluctuations in dietary iron intake, despite the absence of Hjv. Iron 62-66 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 24454764-1 2014 The liver is the primary organ for storing iron and plays a central role in the regulation of body iron levels by secretion of the hormone Hamp1. Iron 43-47 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 139-144 24454764-1 2014 The liver is the primary organ for storing iron and plays a central role in the regulation of body iron levels by secretion of the hormone Hamp1. Iron 99-103 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 139-144 24409331-7 2014 Nevertheless, iron-dependent upregulation of hepcidin was more than an order of magnitude lower compared to that seen in wild type controls. Iron 14-18 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 45-53 24454764-4 2014 Despite liver iron overload, expression of bone morphogenetic protein 6 (Bmp6), a potent-stimulator of Hamp1 expression that is expressed under iron-loaded conditions, was decreased. Iron 144-148 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 103-108 24409331-9 2014 These findings suggest that Hjv is not required for sensing of body iron levels and merely functions as an enhancer for iron signaling to hepcidin. Iron 120-124 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 138-146 24454764-9 2014 Furthermore, we also confirmed previous suggestions that Tf-bound iron regulates Hamp1 expression via Smad1/5/8 phosphorylation without affecting Bmp6 expression, and the effect of Tf-bound iron on Hamp1 regulation appeared before a significant change in Bmp6 expression. Iron 66-70 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 81-86 24454764-9 2014 Furthermore, we also confirmed previous suggestions that Tf-bound iron regulates Hamp1 expression via Smad1/5/8 phosphorylation without affecting Bmp6 expression, and the effect of Tf-bound iron on Hamp1 regulation appeared before a significant change in Bmp6 expression. Iron 190-194 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 198-203 24316081-1 2013 Hepcidin, the iron-regulatory hormone and acute phase reactant, is proposed to contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis by promoting iron accumulation in plaque macrophages, leading to increased oxidative stress and inflammation in the plaque (the "iron hypothesis"). Iron 14-18 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 24623262-1 2014 promotes utilization of iron for erythropoiesis through intensive suppression of serum hepcidin levels in mice. Iron 24-28 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 87-95 24284962-0 2014 Parenteral vs. oral iron: influence on hepcidin signaling pathways through analysis of Hfe/Tfr2-null mice. Iron 20-24 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 39-47 24284962-2 2014 The effect of the administered iron on the iron regulatory system and hepcidin in the liver has not been well studied. Iron 31-35 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 70-78 24376517-1 2013 TMPRSS6 is a regulated gene, with a crucial role in the regulation of iron homeostasis by inhibiting hepcidin expression. Iron 70-74 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 101-109 24376517-2 2013 The main regulator of iron homeostasis, the antimicrobial peptide hepcidin, which also has a role in immunity, is directly upregulated by inflammation. Iron 22-26 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 66-74 24376517-8 2013 TMPRSS6 inhibition via decreased STAT5 phosphorylation may be an additional mechanism by which inflammation stimulates hepcidin expression to regulate iron homeostasis and immunity. Iron 151-155 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 119-127 24055725-0 2013 PCB-77 disturbs iron homeostasis through regulating hepcidin gene expression. Iron 16-20 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 52-60 24316081-1 2013 Hepcidin, the iron-regulatory hormone and acute phase reactant, is proposed to contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis by promoting iron accumulation in plaque macrophages, leading to increased oxidative stress and inflammation in the plaque (the "iron hypothesis"). Iron 142-146 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 24123375-1 2013 Hepcidin is a key regulator of iron metabolism. Iron 31-35 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 24055725-4 2013 Iron metabolism is strictly governed by the hepcidin-ferroportin axis, and hepcidin is the key regulator that is secreted by hepatocytes. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 44-52 24055725-8 2013 Due to reduced hepcidin concentration, serum iron content was increased, with a significant reduction of splenic iron content. Iron 45-49 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 15-23 24055725-9 2013 Together, we deciphered the molecular mechanism responsible for PCB-conducted disturbance on iron homeostasis, i.e. through misregulating hepatic hepcidin expression. Iron 93-97 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 146-154 24349400-9 2013 Increased serum-ferritin, TBARS, hepcidin and dry weight of iron in the liver and heart showed a significant reduction in groups treated with iron chelators with maximum reduction in the group treated with a combination of deferiprone, deferasirox and hydroxyurea. Iron 142-146 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 33-41 24123375-2 2013 The expression of hepcidin is significantly induced by iron overload, inflammation, and infection of pathogens. Iron 55-59 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 18-26 24123375-8 2013 Our results demonstrated a negative role of hepcidin in modulating liver regeneration, and suggested that a sustained high iron level by the down-regulation of hepcidin at the late stage of liver regeneration is required for hepatocyte proliferation. Iron 123-127 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 44-52 24123375-8 2013 Our results demonstrated a negative role of hepcidin in modulating liver regeneration, and suggested that a sustained high iron level by the down-regulation of hepcidin at the late stage of liver regeneration is required for hepatocyte proliferation. Iron 123-127 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 160-168 23615502-0 2013 Hepcidin regulates intrarenal iron handling at the distal nephron. Iron 30-34 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 24155934-3 2013 This model of iron sensing which centers upon the requirement for an interaction between HFE and TFR2 has recently been questioned with in vivo studies in mice from our laboratory and others which suggest that Hfe and Tfr2 can regulate hepcidin independently of each other. Iron 14-18 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 236-244 23744538-0 2013 Liver iron modulates hepcidin expression during chronically elevated erythropoiesis in mice. Iron 6-10 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 21-29 23744538-1 2013 UNLABELLED: The liver-derived peptide hepcidin controls the balance between iron demand and iron supply. Iron 76-80 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 38-46 23744538-1 2013 UNLABELLED: The liver-derived peptide hepcidin controls the balance between iron demand and iron supply. Iron 92-96 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 38-46 23744538-2 2013 By inhibiting the iron export activity of ferroportin, hepcidin modulates iron absorption and delivery from the body"s stores. Iron 18-22 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 55-63 23744538-2 2013 By inhibiting the iron export activity of ferroportin, hepcidin modulates iron absorption and delivery from the body"s stores. Iron 74-78 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 55-63 23744538-5 2013 We observed a very strong down-regulation of hepcidin in Tg6 mice that was accompanied by a strong increase in duodenal expression of ferroportin and divalent metal tranporter-1, as well as enhanced duodenal iron absorption. Iron 208-212 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 45-53 23744538-7 2013 To elucidate the primary signal affecting hepcidin expression during chronically elevated erythropoiesis, we increased iron availability by either providing iron (thus further increasing the hematocrit) or reducing erythropoiesis-dependent iron consumption by means of splenectomy. Iron 119-123 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 42-50 23744538-10 2013 Rather, these results indicate that iron consumption for erythropoiesis modulates liver iron content, and ultimately BMP6 and hepcidin. Iron 36-40 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 126-134 23744538-12 2013 CONCLUSION: We provide evidence that under conditions of excessive and effective erythropoiesis, liver iron regulates hepcidin expression through the BMP6/SMAD pathway. Iron 103-107 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 118-126 23945155-0 2013 A fully human anti-hepcidin antibody modulates iron metabolism in both mice and nonhuman primates. Iron 47-51 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 19-27 23615502-1 2013 Hepcidin, the key regulatory hormone of iron homeostasis, and iron carriers such as transferrin receptor1 (TFR1), divalent metal transporter1 (DMT1), and ferroportin (FPN) are expressed in kidney. Iron 40-44 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 23615502-2 2013 Whether hepcidin plays an intrinsic role in the regulation of renal iron transport is unknown. Iron 68-72 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 8-16 23615502-4 2013 We found a marked medullary iron deposition in the kidneys of Hepc(-/-) mice, and iron leak in the urine. Iron 28-32 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 62-66 23615502-12 2013 Hepcidin may control the expression of iron transporters to prevent renal iron overload. Iron 39-43 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 24086573-1 2013 Hepcidin is the principal iron regulatory hormone, controlling the systemic absorption and remobilization of iron from intracellular stores. Iron 26-30 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 24086573-1 2013 Hepcidin is the principal iron regulatory hormone, controlling the systemic absorption and remobilization of iron from intracellular stores. Iron 109-113 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 23643521-10 2013 However, both the HF and excess iron loading changed the hepatic expression of hepcidin and ferroportin. Iron 32-36 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 79-87 23846698-0 2013 Hepcidin bound to alpha2-macroglobulin reduces ferroportin-1 expression and enhances its activity at reducing serum iron levels. Iron 116-120 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 23846698-1 2013 Hepcidin regulates iron metabolism by down-regulating ferroportin-1 (Fpn1). Iron 19-23 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 23846698-10 2013 However, serum iron levels were reduced to a significantly greater extent in mice treated with alpha2M hepcidin or alpha2M-MA hepcidin relative to unbound hepcidin. Iron 15-19 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 103-111 23846698-10 2013 However, serum iron levels were reduced to a significantly greater extent in mice treated with alpha2M hepcidin or alpha2M-MA hepcidin relative to unbound hepcidin. Iron 15-19 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 126-134 23846698-10 2013 However, serum iron levels were reduced to a significantly greater extent in mice treated with alpha2M hepcidin or alpha2M-MA hepcidin relative to unbound hepcidin. Iron 15-19 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 126-134 23836059-0 2013 IL-22 regulates iron availability in vivo through the induction of hepcidin. Iron 16-20 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 67-75 23836059-3 2013 Hepcidin is a key regulator of iron levels within the body. Iron 31-35 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 23836059-4 2013 Under conditions of iron deficiency, hepcidin expression is reduced to promote increased iron uptake from the diet and release from cells, whereas during conditions of iron excess, induction of hepcidin restricts iron uptake and movement within the body. Iron 20-24 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 37-45 23836059-4 2013 Under conditions of iron deficiency, hepcidin expression is reduced to promote increased iron uptake from the diet and release from cells, whereas during conditions of iron excess, induction of hepcidin restricts iron uptake and movement within the body. Iron 89-93 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 37-45 23836059-4 2013 Under conditions of iron deficiency, hepcidin expression is reduced to promote increased iron uptake from the diet and release from cells, whereas during conditions of iron excess, induction of hepcidin restricts iron uptake and movement within the body. Iron 89-93 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 37-45 23836059-10 2013 Ab-mediated blockade of hepcidin partially reversed the effects on iron biology caused by IL-22R stimulation. Iron 67-71 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 24-32 23836059-11 2013 Taken together, these data suggest that exogenous IL-22 regulates hepcidin production to physiologically influence iron usage. Iron 115-119 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 66-74 23668485-8 2013 The expression of hepcidin, which regulates tissue accumulation and mobilization of iron, was increased in the skin and lungs of Cl2-exposed mice. Iron 84-88 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 18-26 23578384-1 2013 Increased iron stores associated with elevated levels of the iron hormone hepcidin are a frequent feature of the metabolic syndrome. Iron 10-14 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 74-82 23553521-1 2013 Hepcidin is a peptide hormone that plays an important role in iron metabolism. Iron 62-66 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 23553521-5 2013 However, synthetic human hepcidin-25 was more efficient than recombinant mouse hepcidin-1 in reducing iron concentration in blood circulation (p < 0.01). Iron 102-106 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 25-33 23553521-5 2013 However, synthetic human hepcidin-25 was more efficient than recombinant mouse hepcidin-1 in reducing iron concentration in blood circulation (p < 0.01). Iron 102-106 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 79-87 23922777-1 2013 Control of systemic iron homeostasis is interconnected with the inflammatory response through the key iron regulator, the antimicrobial peptide hepcidin. Iron 20-24 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 144-152 23922777-1 2013 Control of systemic iron homeostasis is interconnected with the inflammatory response through the key iron regulator, the antimicrobial peptide hepcidin. Iron 102-106 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 144-152 23922777-2 2013 We have previously shown that mice with iron deficiency anemia (IDA)-low hepcidin show a pro-inflammatory response that is blunted in iron deficient-high hepcidin Tmprss6 KO mice. Iron 40-44 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 73-81 23922777-2 2013 We have previously shown that mice with iron deficiency anemia (IDA)-low hepcidin show a pro-inflammatory response that is blunted in iron deficient-high hepcidin Tmprss6 KO mice. Iron 40-44 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 154-162 23578384-1 2013 Increased iron stores associated with elevated levels of the iron hormone hepcidin are a frequent feature of the metabolic syndrome. Iron 61-65 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 74-82 23578384-3 2013 Iron supplementation increased hepatic iron and serum hepcidin fivefold and led to a 40% increase in fasting glucose due to insulin resistance, as confirmed by the insulin tolerance test, and to threefold higher levels of triglycerides. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 54-62 23578384-8 2013 In conclusion, we characterized a model of dysmetabolic iron overload syndrome in which an iron-enriched diet induces insulin resistance and hypertriglyceridemia and affects visceral adipose tissue metabolism by a mechanism involving hepcidin up-regulation. Iron 56-60 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 234-242 23376588-9 2013 These results suggested that IL-1beta and TNF-alpha released by microglia, especially under the condition of iron load, might contribute to iron accumulation in VM neurons by upregulating IRP1 and hepcidin levels through reactive oxygen/nitrogen species production. Iron 109-113 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 197-205 23390091-9 2013 Analysis of primary hepatocytes from mice lacking furin, PC5, PACE4, or PC7 revealed that hepcidin, which limits iron availability in the circulation, is specifically generated by furin and not by PC7. Iron 113-117 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 90-98 22983584-1 2013 In conditions of increased erythropoiesis, expression of hepcidin, the master regulator of systemic iron homeostasis, is decreased to allow for the release of iron into the blood stream from duodenal enterocytes and macrophages. Iron 100-104 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 57-65 23524968-2 2013 Both disorders are characterized by low levels of hepcidin (HAMP), the hormone that regulates iron absorption. Iron 94-98 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 50-58 23524968-2 2013 Both disorders are characterized by low levels of hepcidin (HAMP), the hormone that regulates iron absorption. Iron 94-98 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 60-64 22983584-1 2013 In conditions of increased erythropoiesis, expression of hepcidin, the master regulator of systemic iron homeostasis, is decreased to allow for the release of iron into the blood stream from duodenal enterocytes and macrophages. Iron 159-163 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 57-65 23223430-7 2013 Our results indicate that pharmacologic manipulation of Tmprss6 with RNAi therapeutics isa practical approach to treating iron overload diseases associated with diminished hepcidin expression and may have efficacy in modifying disease-associated morbidities of -thalassemia intermedia. Iron 122-126 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 172-180 23853581-2 2013 Utilizing in vitro neutrophil killing assays and a model of fungal infection of the cornea, we demonstrated that Dectin-1 dependent IL-6 production regulates expression of iron chelators, heme and siderophore binding proteins and hepcidin in infected mice. Iron 172-176 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 230-238 22241739-0 2013 Regulation of iron metabolism in Hamp (-/-) mice in response to iron-deficient diet. Iron 14-18 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 33-37 22241739-0 2013 Regulation of iron metabolism in Hamp (-/-) mice in response to iron-deficient diet. Iron 78-82 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 33-37 22241739-1 2013 BACKGROUND: Hepcidin, the liver-secreted iron regulatory peptide, maintains systemic iron homeostasis in response to several stimuli including dietary iron levels and body iron status. Iron 41-45 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 12-20 22241739-1 2013 BACKGROUND: Hepcidin, the liver-secreted iron regulatory peptide, maintains systemic iron homeostasis in response to several stimuli including dietary iron levels and body iron status. Iron 85-89 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 12-20 22241739-1 2013 BACKGROUND: Hepcidin, the liver-secreted iron regulatory peptide, maintains systemic iron homeostasis in response to several stimuli including dietary iron levels and body iron status. Iron 85-89 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 12-20 22241739-1 2013 BACKGROUND: Hepcidin, the liver-secreted iron regulatory peptide, maintains systemic iron homeostasis in response to several stimuli including dietary iron levels and body iron status. Iron 85-89 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 12-20 22241739-2 2013 In addition, iron metabolism is controlled by several local regulatory mechanisms including IRP and Hif-2alpha activities independently of hepcidin. Iron 13-17 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 139-147 22241739-4 2013 We, therefore, aimed to explore whether Hamp disruption affects iron homeostatic responses to dietary iron deficiency. Iron 64-68 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 40-44 22241739-7 2013 RESULTS: Two-week iron-deficient diet feeding in Hamp (-/-) mice did not alter serum iron but significantly reduced liver non-heme iron levels. Iron 18-22 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 49-53 22241739-9 2013 In addition, significant inductive effects of iron-deficient diet on Dcytb and DMT1 mRNA expression in the duodenum were noted with more pronounced effects in Hamp (-/-) mice compared with controls. Iron 46-50 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 159-163 22241739-10 2013 CONCLUSIONS: Hamp (-/-) mice exhibited a more dramatic increase in the expression of iron transport machinery, which may be responsible for the unaltered serum iron levels upon iron-deficient diet feeding in these mice. Iron 85-89 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 13-17 22241739-11 2013 Despite the lack of hepcidin, Hamp (-/-) mice can maintain a degree of iron homeostasis in response to altered dietary iron through several hepcidin-independent mechanisms. Iron 71-75 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 30-34 22241739-11 2013 Despite the lack of hepcidin, Hamp (-/-) mice can maintain a degree of iron homeostasis in response to altered dietary iron through several hepcidin-independent mechanisms. Iron 119-123 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 30-34 22960056-0 2013 Smad6 and Smad7 are co-regulated with hepcidin in mouse models of iron overload. Iron 66-70 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 38-46 22960056-1 2013 The inhibitory Smad7 acts as a critical suppressor of hepcidin, the major regulator of systemic iron homeostasis. Iron 96-100 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 54-62 22960056-4 2013 This regulatory circuitry is disconnected by iron treatment of Hfe-/- and Hfe/TfR2 mice that significantly increases hepatic iron levels as well as hepcidin, Smad6 and Smad7 mRNA expression but fails to augment pSmad1/5/8 levels. Iron 45-49 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 148-156 23016685-2 2013 The exploration of its function in iron homeostasis was of significance for the understanding of the regulation of hepcidin expression, the master protein in iron control. Iron 35-39 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 115-123 23016685-2 2013 The exploration of its function in iron homeostasis was of significance for the understanding of the regulation of hepcidin expression, the master protein in iron control. Iron 158-162 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 115-123 22847740-0 2013 Differences in activation of mouse hepcidin by dietary iron and parenterally administered iron dextran: compartmentalization is critical for iron sensing. Iron 55-59 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 35-43 22847740-0 2013 Differences in activation of mouse hepcidin by dietary iron and parenterally administered iron dextran: compartmentalization is critical for iron sensing. Iron 90-94 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 35-43 22847740-1 2013 The iron regulatory hormone hepcidin responds to both oral and parenteral iron. Iron 4-8 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 28-36 22847740-1 2013 The iron regulatory hormone hepcidin responds to both oral and parenteral iron. Iron 74-78 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 28-36 22847740-2 2013 Here, we hypothesized that the diverse iron trafficking routes may affect the dynamics and kinetics of the hepcidin activation pathway. Iron 39-43 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 107-115 22847740-5 2013 After 1 week of dietary loading with carbonyl iron, mice exhibited significant increases in serum iron and transferrin saturation, as well as in hepatic iron, Smad1/5/8 phosphorylation and bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6), and hepcidin mRNAs. Iron 46-50 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 230-238 22847740-9 2013 Our data suggest that the physiological hepcidin response is saturable and are consistent with the idea that hepcidin senses exclusively iron compartmentalized within circulating transferrin and/or hepatocytes. Iron 137-141 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 40-48 22847740-9 2013 Our data suggest that the physiological hepcidin response is saturable and are consistent with the idea that hepcidin senses exclusively iron compartmentalized within circulating transferrin and/or hepatocytes. Iron 137-141 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 109-117 22854109-0 2013 High-fat, high-fructose diet induces hepatic iron overload via a hepcidin-independent mechanism prior to the onset of liver steatosis and insulin resistance in mice. Iron 45-49 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 65-73 22875629-8 2013 After acute low iron diet treatment in these mice, serum soluble hemojuvelin levels were increased and correlated with lowered serum iron levels and decreased hepatic hepcidin expression. Iron 16-20 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 167-175 22921471-1 2013 Ferroportin (FPN), the sole characterized iron exporter, is mainly controlled by the peptide hormone hepcidin in response to iron, erythroid factors, hypoxia, and inflammation. Iron 42-46 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 101-109 22921471-1 2013 Ferroportin (FPN), the sole characterized iron exporter, is mainly controlled by the peptide hormone hepcidin in response to iron, erythroid factors, hypoxia, and inflammation. Iron 125-129 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 101-109 22921471-8 2013 Thus, hypoxia, by directly controlling hepcidin and its target FPN, orchestrates a complex regulatory network aimed at ensuring rapid iron recovery from the periphery and efficient iron utilization in the erythroid compartment. Iron 134-138 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 39-47 22921471-8 2013 Thus, hypoxia, by directly controlling hepcidin and its target FPN, orchestrates a complex regulatory network aimed at ensuring rapid iron recovery from the periphery and efficient iron utilization in the erythroid compartment. Iron 181-185 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 39-47 24418880-10 2013 Our results indicate that IL-6 and iron may affect the signaling pathways governing hepcidin expression. Iron 35-39 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 84-92 24418880-12 2013 In addition, hepcidin may play local roles in controlling iron availability and interfering with inflammation in adipose tissue. Iron 58-62 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 13-21 22444869-2 2012 Hepcidin is a key regulator of iron metabolism and may be responsible for obesity-driven iron deficiency. Iron 31-35 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 22444869-0 2012 High-fat diet causes iron deficiency via hepcidin-independent reduction of duodenal iron absorption. Iron 21-25 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 41-49 23041085-0 2012 Estrogen regulates iron homeostasis through governing hepatic hepcidin expression via an estrogen response element. Iron 19-23 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 62-70 23041085-2 2012 Iron homeostasis is tightly governed by the hepcidin-ferroportin axis, of which hepcidin is the master regulator. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 44-52 23041085-2 2012 Iron homeostasis is tightly governed by the hepcidin-ferroportin axis, of which hepcidin is the master regulator. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 80-88 23041085-9 2012 In conclusion, estrogen greatly contributes to iron homeostasis by regulating hepatic hepcidin expression directly through a functional ERE in the promoter region of hepcidin gene. Iron 47-51 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 86-94 23041085-9 2012 In conclusion, estrogen greatly contributes to iron homeostasis by regulating hepatic hepcidin expression directly through a functional ERE in the promoter region of hepcidin gene. Iron 47-51 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 166-174 23160767-3 2012 In order to investigate the role of ESA on iron metabolism, we analyzed the regulation of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin by ESA treatment in a bone marrow transplant model in mouse. Iron 94-98 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 118-126 22444869-7 2012 Neither hepatic and adipose tissue nor serum hepcidin concentrations differed significantly between SD- and HFD-fed mice, whereas dietary iron supplementation resulted in increased hepatic hepcidin mRNA expression and serum hepcidin levels in SD as compared to HFD mice. Iron 138-142 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 189-197 22444869-7 2012 Neither hepatic and adipose tissue nor serum hepcidin concentrations differed significantly between SD- and HFD-fed mice, whereas dietary iron supplementation resulted in increased hepatic hepcidin mRNA expression and serum hepcidin levels in SD as compared to HFD mice. Iron 138-142 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 189-197 22321247-1 2012 The peptide hormone hepcidin functions as a negative regulator of intestinal Fe absorption and Fe recycling. Iron 77-79 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 20-28 22560353-0 2012 The iron regulatory hormone hepcidin inhibits expression of iron release as well as iron uptake proteins in J774 cells. Iron 4-8 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 28-36 22560353-0 2012 The iron regulatory hormone hepcidin inhibits expression of iron release as well as iron uptake proteins in J774 cells. Iron 60-64 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 28-36 22560353-1 2012 The mechanism by which hepcidin controls cellular iron release protein ferroportin 1 (Fpn1) in macrophages has been well established. Iron 50-54 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 23-31 22560353-2 2012 However, little is known about the effects of hepcidin on cellular iron uptake proteins. Iron 67-71 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 46-54 22560353-3 2012 Here, we demonstrated for the first time that hepcidin can significantly inhibit the expression of transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) and divalent metal transporter 1 in addition to Fpn1, and therefore reduce transferrin-bound iron and non-transferrin-bound iron uptake and also iron release in J774 macrophages. Iron 222-226 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 46-54 22560353-3 2012 Here, we demonstrated for the first time that hepcidin can significantly inhibit the expression of transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) and divalent metal transporter 1 in addition to Fpn1, and therefore reduce transferrin-bound iron and non-transferrin-bound iron uptake and also iron release in J774 macrophages. Iron 253-257 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 46-54 22560353-3 2012 Here, we demonstrated for the first time that hepcidin can significantly inhibit the expression of transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) and divalent metal transporter 1 in addition to Fpn1, and therefore reduce transferrin-bound iron and non-transferrin-bound iron uptake and also iron release in J774 macrophages. Iron 253-257 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 46-54 22560353-4 2012 Analysis of mechanisms using the iron-depleted cells showed that hepcidin has a direct inhibitory effect on all iron transport proteins we examined. Iron 33-37 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 65-73 22560353-4 2012 Analysis of mechanisms using the iron-depleted cells showed that hepcidin has a direct inhibitory effect on all iron transport proteins we examined. Iron 112-116 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 65-73 22321247-1 2012 The peptide hormone hepcidin functions as a negative regulator of intestinal Fe absorption and Fe recycling. Iron 95-97 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 20-28 22321247-2 2012 Since its discovery as a systemic negative regulator of Fe metabolism, hepcidin has attracted enormous interest as a potential drug for the treatment and/or prevention of several forms of Fe overload. Iron 56-58 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 71-79 22321247-2 2012 Since its discovery as a systemic negative regulator of Fe metabolism, hepcidin has attracted enormous interest as a potential drug for the treatment and/or prevention of several forms of Fe overload. Iron 188-190 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 71-79 22321247-3 2012 We therefore tested whether multiple doses of intraperitoneally administered synthetic renatured hepcidin can prevent hepatic Fe loading in mice concurrently fed an Fe-rich diet, and whether the same treatment affects hepatic Fe stores in mice fed a normal diet. Iron 126-128 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 97-105 22609087-1 2012 Hepcidin, an iron regulatory peptide, plays a central role in the maintenance of systemic iron homeostasis by inducing the internalization and degradation of the iron exporter, ferroportin. Iron 13-17 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 22990014-0 2012 Minihepcidins prevent iron overload in a hepcidin-deficient mouse model of severe hemochromatosis. Iron 22-26 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 4-12 22990014-1 2012 The deficiency of hepcidin, the hormone that controls iron absorption and its tissue distribution, is the cause of iron overload in nearly all forms of hereditary hemochromatosis and in untransfused iron-loading anemias. Iron 54-58 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 18-26 22990014-1 2012 The deficiency of hepcidin, the hormone that controls iron absorption and its tissue distribution, is the cause of iron overload in nearly all forms of hereditary hemochromatosis and in untransfused iron-loading anemias. Iron 115-119 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 18-26 22990014-1 2012 The deficiency of hepcidin, the hormone that controls iron absorption and its tissue distribution, is the cause of iron overload in nearly all forms of hereditary hemochromatosis and in untransfused iron-loading anemias. Iron 115-119 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 18-26 22990014-3 2012 Here we explore the feasibility of using minihepcidins for the prevention and treatment of iron overload in hepcidin-deficient mice. Iron 91-95 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 45-53 22990014-5 2012 PR65 was administered by subcutaneous injection daily for 2 weeks to iron-depleted or iron-loaded hepcidin knockout mice. Iron 86-90 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 98-106 22591204-10 2012 Hepatic hepcidin and ferroportin 1 mRNA expression were increased in wild-type mice after feeding a HFD with iron, but were unchanged in any group of Nrf2-null mice. Iron 109-113 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 8-16 22581006-1 2012 BACKGROUND: We and others have shown previously that over-expression of hepcidin antimicrobial peptide, independently of inflammation, induces several features of anemia of inflammation and chronic disease, including hypoferremia, sequestration of iron stores and iron-restricted erythropoiesis. Iron 248-252 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 72-80 22581006-1 2012 BACKGROUND: We and others have shown previously that over-expression of hepcidin antimicrobial peptide, independently of inflammation, induces several features of anemia of inflammation and chronic disease, including hypoferremia, sequestration of iron stores and iron-restricted erythropoiesis. Iron 264-268 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 72-80 22581006-2 2012 Because the iron-restricted erythropoiesis evident in hepcidin transgenic mice differs from the normocytic, normochromic anemia most often observed in anemia of inflammation, we tested the hypothesis that chronic inflammation may contribute additional features to anemia of inflammation which continue to impair erythropoiesis following the acute phase of inflammation in which hepcidin is active. Iron 12-16 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 54-62 22581006-3 2012 DESIGN AND METHODS: We compared erythropoiesis and iron handling in mice with turpentine-induced sterile abscesses with erythropoiesis and iron handling in hepcidin transgenic mice. Iron 139-143 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 156-164 22869521-1 2012 Hepcidin is a liver-derived peptide hormone and the master regulator of systemic iron homeostasis. Iron 81-85 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 22869521-3 2012 Dysregulation of hepcidin signaling in ALD leads to liver iron deposition, which is a major contributing factor to liver injury. Iron 58-62 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 17-25 22609087-1 2012 Hepcidin, an iron regulatory peptide, plays a central role in the maintenance of systemic iron homeostasis by inducing the internalization and degradation of the iron exporter, ferroportin. Iron 90-94 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 22609087-1 2012 Hepcidin, an iron regulatory peptide, plays a central role in the maintenance of systemic iron homeostasis by inducing the internalization and degradation of the iron exporter, ferroportin. Iron 90-94 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 22609087-2 2012 Hepcidin expression in the liver is regulated in response to several stimuli including iron status, erythropoietic activity, hypoxia and inflammation. Iron 87-91 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 22609087-4 2012 In this mouse model, hepcidin suppression was associated with increased expression of molecules involved in iron transport and recycling. Iron 108-112 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 21-29 22609087-14 2012 This observation may be caused by the absence of hepcidin per se or the altered iron homeostasis induced by the lack of hepcidin in these mice. Iron 80-84 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 120-128 22610607-0 2012 Acute acetaminophen intoxication leads to hepatic iron loading by decreased hepcidin synthesis. Iron 50-54 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 76-84 22610607-5 2012 Concurrently, the plasma concentration of hepcidin, the key regulator in iron metabolism, and hepatic hepcidin antimicrobial peptide (Hamp) mRNA expression levels were significantly reduced. Iron 73-77 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 42-50 22294463-3 2012 Patients and mice deficient in transferrin exhibit anemia and a paradoxical iron overload attributed to deficiency in hepcidin, a peptide hormone synthesized largely by the liver that inhibits dietary iron absorption and macrophage iron efflux. Iron 76-80 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 118-126 22294463-3 2012 Patients and mice deficient in transferrin exhibit anemia and a paradoxical iron overload attributed to deficiency in hepcidin, a peptide hormone synthesized largely by the liver that inhibits dietary iron absorption and macrophage iron efflux. Iron 201-205 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 118-126 22294463-3 2012 Patients and mice deficient in transferrin exhibit anemia and a paradoxical iron overload attributed to deficiency in hepcidin, a peptide hormone synthesized largely by the liver that inhibits dietary iron absorption and macrophage iron efflux. Iron 201-205 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 118-126 22476617-11 2012 Thus, high Fe, inflammation, and hypoxia trigger the expression of genes related to inflammation and Fe metabolism in HepG2 cells, in 3T3-L1 cells the same stimuli increased NF-kB and hepcidin expression. Iron 11-13 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 184-192 22517766-3 2012 We took advantage of the low iron status of juvenile mice to characterize the regulation of Bmp6 and Hamp1 expression by iron administered in three forms: 1) ferri-transferrin (Fe-Tf), 2) ferric ammonium citrate (FAC), and 3) liver ferritin. Iron 121-125 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 101-106 22544439-1 2012 Hepcidin is a key regulator of iron recycling by macrophages that is synthesized mainly by hepatocytes but also by macrophages. Iron 31-35 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 22544439-6 2012 We conclude that hepcidin expression in macrophages is regulated mainly through TLR2 and TLR4 receptors via the MyD88-dependent signaling pathway and that autocrine regulation of iron accumulation in macrophages by hepcidin may affect the levels of proinflammatory cytokine production. Iron 179-183 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 215-223 22198484-1 2012 Hepcidin 1 (Hepc1) is a peptide hormone secreted by the liver in response to iron loading. Iron 77-81 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-10 22198484-1 2012 Hepcidin 1 (Hepc1) is a peptide hormone secreted by the liver in response to iron loading. Iron 77-81 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 12-17 22198484-8 2012 Furthermore, transgenic expression of Hepc1 restored the iron level and phosphorylation level of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) in the heart tissues of cTnT(R141W) transgenic mice. Iron 57-61 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 38-43 22198484-9 2012 It was concluded that transgenic expression of Hepc1 compensated for the loss of Hepc1 expression and the release of iron and brought about a marked improvement in the pathologic phenotype of DCM, in which the ERK1/2 signal pathway might play an important role. Iron 117-121 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 47-52 22278715-1 2012 UNLABELLED: The hepatic peptide hormone hepcidin controls the duodenal absorption of iron, its storage, and its systemic distribution. Iron 85-89 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 40-48 22278715-2 2012 Hepcidin production is often insufficient in chronic hepatitis C and alcoholic liver disease, leading to hyperabsorption of iron and its accumulation in the liver. Iron 124-128 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 22517766-1 2012 Hepcidin is a hepatocellular hormone that inhibits the release of iron from certain cell populations, including enterocytes and reticuloendothelial cells. Iron 66-70 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 22517766-2 2012 The regulation of hepcidin (HAMP) gene expression by iron status is mediated in part by the signaling molecule bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6). Iron 53-57 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 18-26 22517766-2 2012 The regulation of hepcidin (HAMP) gene expression by iron status is mediated in part by the signaling molecule bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6). Iron 53-57 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 28-32 22517766-12 2012 We conclude that exogenous iron-containing ferritin upregulates hepatic Bmp6 expression, and we speculate that liver ferritin contributes to regulation of Bmp6 and, thus, Hamp1 genes. Iron 27-31 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 171-176 22449175-0 2012 Stimulated erythropoiesis with secondary iron loading leads to a decrease in hepcidin despite an increase in bone morphogenetic protein 6 expression. Iron 41-45 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 77-85 22497726-4 2012 Using MyD88-deficient and TRIF-deficient mice, we show that MyD88 and TRIF signaling pathways are critical for up-regulation by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of the iron regulator hepcidin. Iron 160-164 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 175-183 22460705-2 2012 Loss of either protein decreases expression of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin by the liver, leading to inappropriately high iron uptake from the diet, and resulting in systemic iron overload. Iron 51-55 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 75-83 22460705-2 2012 Loss of either protein decreases expression of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin by the liver, leading to inappropriately high iron uptake from the diet, and resulting in systemic iron overload. Iron 130-134 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 75-83 22460705-2 2012 Loss of either protein decreases expression of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin by the liver, leading to inappropriately high iron uptake from the diet, and resulting in systemic iron overload. Iron 130-134 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 75-83 22449175-1 2012 The BMP/SMAD signalling pathway plays an important role in iron homeostasis, regulating hepcidin expression in response to body iron levels. Iron 59-63 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 88-96 22449175-1 2012 The BMP/SMAD signalling pathway plays an important role in iron homeostasis, regulating hepcidin expression in response to body iron levels. Iron 128-132 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 88-96 22449175-2 2012 However, the role of this pathway in the reduction in hepcidin associated with increased erythropoiesis (and secondary iron loading) is unclear. Iron 119-123 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 54-62 22207682-1 2012 BACKGROUND: Iron metabolism, regulated by the iron hormone hepcidin, and oxygen homeostasis, dependent on hypoxia-inducible factors, are strongly interconnected. Iron 12-16 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 59-67 22207682-1 2012 BACKGROUND: Iron metabolism, regulated by the iron hormone hepcidin, and oxygen homeostasis, dependent on hypoxia-inducible factors, are strongly interconnected. Iron 46-50 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 59-67 22244935-9 2012 We demonstrate that lack of functional Tfr2 and Hfe allows for increased erythropoiesis even in the presence of high hepcidin expression, but the high levels of hepcidin levels significantly limit the availability of iron to the erythron, resulting in ineffective erythropoiesis. Iron 217-221 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 161-169 22490684-2 2012 HAMP expression is activated by iron through the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-son of mothers against decapentaplegic signaling pathway and inhibited by ineffective erythropoiesis through an unknown "erythroid regulator." Iron 32-36 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-4 22490684-5 2012 All these effects are mediated by Hamp up-regulation, which inhibits iron absorption and recycling. Iron 69-73 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 34-38 22490684-8 2012 Our study indicates that preventing iron overload improves beta-thalassemia and strengthens the essential role of Tmprss6 for Hamp suppression, providing a proof of concept that Tmprss6 manipulation can offer a novel therapeutic option in this condition. Iron 36-40 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 126-130 22383698-7 2012 Whereas hepcidin was critical for the upregulation of L-ferritin and H-ferritin in both ox-LDL-treated erythrophagocytosed macrophages and atherosclerotic plaques, the adding of iron chelators suppressed the intracellular lipid accumulation, reactive oxygen species formation, inflammatory cytokine expression, and apoptosis in erythrophagocytosed macrophages. Iron 178-182 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 8-16 22383698-8 2012 CONCLUSIONS: Hepcidin promotes plaque destabilization partly by exaggerating inflammatory cytokine release, intracellular lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in the macrophages with iron retention. Iron 198-202 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 13-21 22095982-2 2012 In this study, we explored whether reducing macrophage intracellular iron levels via pharmacological suppression of hepcidin can increase macrophage-specific expression of cholesterol efflux transporters and reduce atherosclerosis. Iron 69-73 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 116-124 22262759-1 2012 The circulating peptide hormone hepcidin maintains systemic iron homeostasis. Iron 60-64 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 32-40 22262759-3 2012 Elevated hepcidin levels decrease dietary iron absorption and promote iron sequestration in reticuloendothelial macrophages. Iron 42-46 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 9-17 22262759-3 2012 Elevated hepcidin levels decrease dietary iron absorption and promote iron sequestration in reticuloendothelial macrophages. Iron 70-74 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 9-17 22095982-9 2012 All preceding LDN-induced effects on cholesterol efflux were reversed by exogenous hepcidin administration, suggesting modulation of intracellular iron levels within macrophages as the mechanism by which LDN triggers these effects. Iron 147-151 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 83-91 22121494-1 2012 Hepcidin, a key regulator of iron metabolism, is activated by bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). Iron 29-33 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 21993681-1 2012 Here we investigate the regulation of hepcidin, a hormone that inhibits dietary iron absorption and macrophage iron recycling, by the serum iron-binding protein transferrin. Iron 80-84 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 38-46 21993681-1 2012 Here we investigate the regulation of hepcidin, a hormone that inhibits dietary iron absorption and macrophage iron recycling, by the serum iron-binding protein transferrin. Iron 111-115 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 38-46 21993681-1 2012 Here we investigate the regulation of hepcidin, a hormone that inhibits dietary iron absorption and macrophage iron recycling, by the serum iron-binding protein transferrin. Iron 111-115 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 38-46 22104192-5 2012 One feature of hemoglobinopathies, observed both in humans and mice, is the fact that individuals carrying these disorders express low levels of the hormone hepcidin that plays a major role in iron homeostasis. Iron 193-197 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 157-165 22128145-0 2012 Deletion of HIF-2alpha in the enterocytes decreases the severity of tissue iron loading in hepcidin knockout mice. Iron 75-79 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 91-99 22128145-3 2012 A deficit in hepcidin results in intestinal iron hyperabsorption; however, the local effectors mediating the up-regulation of iron absorption genes are unknown. Iron 44-48 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 13-21 22128145-5 2012 We generated Hepc(-/-) mice (a murine model of hemochromatosis) lacking HIF-2 in the intestine and showed that duodenal HIF-2 was essential for the up-regulation of genes involved in intestinal iron import and the consequent iron accumulation in the liver and pancreas. Iron 194-198 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 13-17 21757452-1 2012 BACKGROUNDS AND AIMS: Hepcidin is an antimicrobial peptide and the central regulator of iron metabolism. Iron 88-92 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 22-30 21838701-1 2012 Hepcidin, a 25 amino acid peptide hormone containing a complex network of four disulfide bonds is the hormone regulator of iron homeostasis. Iron 123-127 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 21943374-1 2012 Haemochromatosis is a genetic disorder of iron overload resulting from loss-of-function mutations in genes coding for the iron-regulatory proteins HFE (human leucocyte antigen-like protein involved in iron homoeostasis), transferrin receptor 2, ferroportin, hepcidin and HJV (haemojuvelin). Iron 122-126 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 258-266 22792339-1 2012 Hepcidin, a liver-derived iron regulatory protein, plays a crucial role in iron metabolism. Iron 26-30 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 23028567-1 2012 Hepcidin is an antimicrobial peptide, which also negatively regulates iron in circulation by controlling iron absorption from dietary sources and iron release from macrophages. Iron 70-74 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 23028567-1 2012 Hepcidin is an antimicrobial peptide, which also negatively regulates iron in circulation by controlling iron absorption from dietary sources and iron release from macrophages. Iron 105-109 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 23028567-1 2012 Hepcidin is an antimicrobial peptide, which also negatively regulates iron in circulation by controlling iron absorption from dietary sources and iron release from macrophages. Iron 105-109 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 23028567-2 2012 Hepcidin is synthesized mainly in the liver, where hepcidin is regulated by iron loading, inflammation and hypoxia. Iron 76-80 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 23028567-2 2012 Hepcidin is synthesized mainly in the liver, where hepcidin is regulated by iron loading, inflammation and hypoxia. Iron 76-80 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 51-59 23028567-5 2012 Studies have shown that hepcidin expression by macrophages increases following bacterial infection, and that hepcidin decreases iron release from macrophages in an autocrine and/or paracrine manner. Iron 128-132 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 109-117 22792339-15 2012 Thus, estrogen is involved in hepcidin expression via a GPR30-BMP6-dependent mechanism, providing new insight into the role of estrogen in iron metabolism. Iron 139-143 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 30-38 22064046-6 2011 However, adult mice prenatally exposed to quercetin had significant increase iron storage in the liver, by upregulating iron-associated cytokine expression (hepcidin, IL-1beta, IL-6 and IL-10). Iron 120-124 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 157-165 22629388-12 2012 Liver Hamp mRNA, Bmp6 mRNA and Id1 mRNA displayed the expected response to iron overload and iron deficiency. Iron 75-79 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 6-10 22675442-0 2012 Tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibits expression of the iron regulating hormone hepcidin in murine models of innate colitis. Iron 55-59 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 79-87 22675442-1 2012 BACKGROUND: Abnormal expression of the liver peptide hormone hepcidin, a key regulator of iron homeostasis, contributes to the pathogenesis of anemia in conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Iron 90-94 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 61-69 22675442-6 2012 Hepcidin expression progressively decreased with time during DSS colitis, correlating with changes in systemic iron distribution. Iron 111-115 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 21745449-0 2011 Iron regulation of hepcidin despite attenuated Smad1,5,8 signaling in mice without transferrin receptor 2 or Hfe. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 19-27 22174555-1 2011 A liver-produced hormone, hepcidin, appears to be the key player in iron metabolism. Iron 68-72 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 26-34 21359624-7 2011 CONCLUSION: Modulation of Hif-2alpha predominates over hepcidin in the regulation of intestinal iron absorption during short hypoxic duration. Iron 96-100 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 55-63 22045566-8 2011 Further modifications to increase resistance to proteolysis and oral bioavailability yielded minihepcidins that, after parenteral or oral administration to mice, lowered serum iron levels comparably to those after parenteral native hepcidin. Iron 176-180 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 97-105 22084434-1 2011 Hepcidin is one of the regulators of iron metabolism. Iron 37-41 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 22045566-0 2011 Minihepcidins are rationally designed small peptides that mimic hepcidin activity in mice and may be useful for the treatment of iron overload. Iron 132-136 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 4-12 22045566-3 2011 Iron overload in hereditary hemochromatosis and beta-thalassemia intermedia is caused by hepcidin deficiency. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 89-97 22045566-4 2011 Although transgenic hepcidin replacement in mouse models of these diseases prevents iron overload or decreases its potential toxicity, natural hepcidin is prohibitively expensive for human application and has unfavorable pharmacologic properties. Iron 84-88 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 20-28 22153517-9 2011 Hepcidin is a homeostatic regulator of iron metabolism that restricts intestinal iron absorption and is also known as a mediator of inflammation. Iron 39-43 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 22153517-9 2011 Hepcidin is a homeostatic regulator of iron metabolism that restricts intestinal iron absorption and is also known as a mediator of inflammation. Iron 81-85 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 22153517-10 2011 Increased serum amyloid A levels and a higher ratio of hepatic hepcidin mRNA expression to nonheme iron suggest that lower hepatic iron status in obese animals might be associated with inflammation. Iron 131-135 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 63-71 21745449-1 2011 BACKGROUND & AIMS: HFE and transferrin receptor 2 (TFR2) are each necessary for the normal relationship between body iron status and liver hepcidin expression. Iron 121-125 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 143-151 21745449-3 2011 We examined the effect of dietary iron on regulation of hepcidin expression via the Bmp6/Smad1,5,8 pathway using mice with targeted disruption of Tfr2, Hfe, or both genes. Iron 34-38 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 56-64 21745449-9 2011 Dietary iron loading increased hepcidin and Id1 expression in each of the HH models. Iron 8-12 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 31-39 21745449-11 2011 CONCLUSIONS: These observations show that Tfr2 and Hfe are each required for normal signaling of iron status to hepcidin via the Bmp6/Smad1,5,8 pathway. Iron 97-101 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 112-120 21745449-12 2011 Mice with combined loss of Hfe and Tfr2 up-regulate hepcidin in response to dietary iron loading without increases in liver Bmp6 messenger RNA or steady-state P-Smad1,5,8 levels. Iron 84-88 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 52-60 21841161-0 2011 Perturbation of hepcidin expression by BMP type I receptor deletion induces iron overload in mice. Iron 76-80 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 16-24 21841161-2 2011 Hepcidin reduces serum iron levels by promoting degradation of the iron exporter ferroportin. Iron 23-27 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 21841161-2 2011 Hepcidin reduces serum iron levels by promoting degradation of the iron exporter ferroportin. Iron 67-71 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 21841161-3 2011 A relative deficiency of hepcidin underlies the pathophysiology of many of the genetically distinct iron overload disorders, collectively termed hereditary hemochromatosis. Iron 100-104 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 25-33 21841161-4 2011 Conversely, chronic inflammatory conditions and neoplastic diseases can induce high hepcidin levels, leading to impaired mobilization of iron stores and the anemia of chronic disease. Iron 137-141 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 84-92 21841161-8 2011 Both Alk2 and Alk3 were required for induction of hepcidin gene expression by BMP2 in cultured hepatocytes or by iron challenge in vivo. Iron 113-117 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 50-58 21841161-9 2011 These observations demonstrate that one type I BMP receptor, Alk3, is critically responsible for basal hepcidin expression, whereas 2 type I BMP receptors, Alk2 and Alk3, are required for regulation of hepcidin gene expression in response to iron and BMP signaling. Iron 242-246 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 202-210 21936923-1 2011 BACKGROUND: Hemojuvelin (HJV) is one of essential components for expression of hepcidin, a hormone which regulates iron transport. Iron 115-119 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 79-87 21873546-9 2011 Similarly, hepcidin was up-regulated with concomitant lowering of serum iron during acute murine Influenza A/PR/8/34 virus (H1N1) infection. Iron 72-76 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 11-19 21488083-2 2011 However, the molecular mechanisms by which iron is sensed to regulate BMP6-SMAD signaling and hepcidin expression are unknown. Iron 43-47 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 94-102 24250389-2 2011 In contrast to the chemical iron chelators, there has been limited effort applied to the specific use of hepcidin as a new drug for decreasing the iron overload. Iron 147-151 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 105-113 24250389-11 2011 Functional tests showed that mouse hepcidin accumulates iron in the macrophage cell line J774A.1 up to 63%. Iron 56-60 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 35-43 21652729-7 2011 The expression of the mRNA encoding the iron-regulatory peptide hepcidin, Hamp, was down-regulated in both Cck2r(-/-) and Gas(-/-) mice on a low-iron diet, but, interestingly, the reduction was greater in Cck2r(-/-) mice and smaller in Gas(-/-) mice than in the corresponding wild-type strains. Iron 40-44 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 64-72 21652729-7 2011 The expression of the mRNA encoding the iron-regulatory peptide hepcidin, Hamp, was down-regulated in both Cck2r(-/-) and Gas(-/-) mice on a low-iron diet, but, interestingly, the reduction was greater in Cck2r(-/-) mice and smaller in Gas(-/-) mice than in the corresponding wild-type strains. Iron 40-44 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 74-78 21652729-7 2011 The expression of the mRNA encoding the iron-regulatory peptide hepcidin, Hamp, was down-regulated in both Cck2r(-/-) and Gas(-/-) mice on a low-iron diet, but, interestingly, the reduction was greater in Cck2r(-/-) mice and smaller in Gas(-/-) mice than in the corresponding wild-type strains. Iron 145-149 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 64-72 21652729-7 2011 The expression of the mRNA encoding the iron-regulatory peptide hepcidin, Hamp, was down-regulated in both Cck2r(-/-) and Gas(-/-) mice on a low-iron diet, but, interestingly, the reduction was greater in Cck2r(-/-) mice and smaller in Gas(-/-) mice than in the corresponding wild-type strains. Iron 145-149 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 74-78 21628413-1 2011 Hepcidin is an antimicrobial peptide that controls systemic iron homeostasis. Iron 60-64 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 21628413-2 2011 Hepcidin binding to its receptor ferroportin reduces iron availability, thus controlling microbial growth. Iron 53-57 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 21628413-4 2011 Hepcidin is transcriptionally regulated by iron, through the bone morphogenetic protein-son of mothers against decapentaplegic (BMP-SMAD) pathway and by inflammation, through IL6-mediated STAT3 signaling. Iron 43-47 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 24250389-1 2011 Hepcidin is an innate immune element which decreases the iron absorption from diet and iron releasing from macrophage cell. Iron 57-61 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 24250389-1 2011 Hepcidin is an innate immune element which decreases the iron absorption from diet and iron releasing from macrophage cell. Iron 87-91 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 21488083-4 2011 We demonstrated that both transferrin saturation and liver iron content independently influence hepcidin expression. Iron 59-63 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 96-104 21488083-8 2011 CONCLUSION: Our data demonstrate that the hepatic Bmp6-Smad signaling pathway is differentially activated by circulating and tissue iron to induce hepcidin expression, whereas the hepatic Erk1/2 signaling pathway is not activated by iron in vivo. Iron 132-136 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 147-155 21303570-1 2011 Hepcidin, the Fe-regulatory peptide, has been shown to inhibit Fe absorption and reticuloendothelial Fe recycling. Iron 14-16 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 21493799-1 2011 Hepcidin, a hormone produced mainly by the liver, has been shown to inhibit both intestinal iron absorption and iron release from macrophages. Iron 92-96 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 21493799-1 2011 Hepcidin, a hormone produced mainly by the liver, has been shown to inhibit both intestinal iron absorption and iron release from macrophages. Iron 112-116 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 21303570-4 2011 Hepcidin injection inhibited Fe absorption in both genotypes, but the effects were more evident in the knockout mice. Iron 29-31 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 21303570-8 2011 The present study demonstrates that hepcidin deficiency causes increased Fe absorption. Iron 73-75 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 36-44 21303570-9 2011 The effects of hepcidin were abolished by dietary Fe deficiency, indicating that the response to hepcidin may be influenced by dietary Fe level or Fe status. Iron 50-52 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 97-105 21303570-1 2011 Hepcidin, the Fe-regulatory peptide, has been shown to inhibit Fe absorption and reticuloendothelial Fe recycling. Iron 63-65 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 21303570-9 2011 The effects of hepcidin were abolished by dietary Fe deficiency, indicating that the response to hepcidin may be influenced by dietary Fe level or Fe status. Iron 135-137 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 15-23 21303570-9 2011 The effects of hepcidin were abolished by dietary Fe deficiency, indicating that the response to hepcidin may be influenced by dietary Fe level or Fe status. Iron 135-137 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 97-105 21355094-1 2011 The hereditary hemochromatosis protein HFE promotes the expression of hepcidin, a circulating hormone produced by the liver that inhibits dietary iron absorption and macrophage iron release. Iron 146-150 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 70-78 21520181-0 2011 The hepcidin circuits act: balancing iron and inflammation. Iron 37-41 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 4-12 21520181-1 2011 Hepcidin is a peptide hormone that regulates iron homeostasis and acts as an antimicrobial peptide. Iron 45-49 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 21520181-3 2011 Hepcidin mediates iron homeostasis by binding to the iron exporter ferroportin, inducing its internalization and degradation via activation of the protein kinase Jak2 and the subsequent phosphorylation of ferroportin. Iron 18-22 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 21520181-3 2011 Hepcidin mediates iron homeostasis by binding to the iron exporter ferroportin, inducing its internalization and degradation via activation of the protein kinase Jak2 and the subsequent phosphorylation of ferroportin. Iron 53-57 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 21355094-1 2011 The hereditary hemochromatosis protein HFE promotes the expression of hepcidin, a circulating hormone produced by the liver that inhibits dietary iron absorption and macrophage iron release. Iron 177-181 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 70-78 21292994-11 2011 The iron-induced increase in hepcidin peptide in turn suppresses ferroportin protein levels, thus nullifying the upregulation of mRNA expression in response to increased OS. Iron 4-8 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 29-37 21480335-0 2011 Evidence for distinct pathways of hepcidin regulation by acute and chronic iron loading in mice. Iron 75-79 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 34-42 21199652-3 2011 We studied human polarized intestinal (Caco-2/TC7) cells and mouse duodenal segments, ex vivo, to investigate the molecular mechanisms by which hepcidin down-regulates intestinal transepithelial iron transport. Iron 195-199 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 144-152 21480335-5 2011 After a 21-day (chronic) iron challenge, Hfe and Tfr2 mutant mice increased hepcidin expression to nearly wild-type levels, but a blunted increase of hepcidin was seen in Bmp6(-/-) and Hjv(-/-) mice. Iron 25-29 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 76-84 21303654-6 2011 Previous studies showed that inflammatory stimuli, such as LPS, downregulates macrophage Fpn1 by transcriptional and hepcidin-mediated post-translational mechanisms leading to iron sequestration by macrophages. Iron 176-180 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 117-125 21480335-6 2011 BMP6, whose expression is also regulated by iron, may mediate hepcidin regulation by iron stores. Iron 44-48 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 62-70 21480335-6 2011 BMP6, whose expression is also regulated by iron, may mediate hepcidin regulation by iron stores. Iron 85-89 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 62-70 21480335-8 2011 CONCLUSION: TfR2, HJV, BMP6, and, to a lesser extent, HFE are required for the hepcidin response to acute iron loading, but are partially redundant for hepcidin regulation during chronic iron loading and are not involved in the regulation of BMP6 expression. Iron 106-110 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 79-87 21480335-1 2011 UNLABELLED: In response to iron loading, hepcidin synthesis is homeostatically increased to limit further absorption of dietary iron and its release from stores. Iron 27-31 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 41-49 21480335-1 2011 UNLABELLED: In response to iron loading, hepcidin synthesis is homeostatically increased to limit further absorption of dietary iron and its release from stores. Iron 128-132 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 41-49 21480335-2 2011 Mutations in HFE, transferrin receptor 2 (Tfr2), hemojuvelin (HJV), or bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6) prevent appropriate hepcidin response to iron, allowing increased absorption of dietary iron, and eventually iron overload. Iron 148-152 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 127-135 21480335-2 2011 Mutations in HFE, transferrin receptor 2 (Tfr2), hemojuvelin (HJV), or bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6) prevent appropriate hepcidin response to iron, allowing increased absorption of dietary iron, and eventually iron overload. Iron 195-199 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 127-135 21480335-2 2011 Mutations in HFE, transferrin receptor 2 (Tfr2), hemojuvelin (HJV), or bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6) prevent appropriate hepcidin response to iron, allowing increased absorption of dietary iron, and eventually iron overload. Iron 195-199 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 127-135 21480335-3 2011 To understand the role each of these proteins plays in hepcidin regulation by iron, we analyzed hepcidin messenger RNA (mRNA) responsiveness to short and long-term iron challenge in iron-depleted Hfe, Tfr2, Hjv, and Bmp6 mutant mice. Iron 78-82 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 55-63 21480335-3 2011 To understand the role each of these proteins plays in hepcidin regulation by iron, we analyzed hepcidin messenger RNA (mRNA) responsiveness to short and long-term iron challenge in iron-depleted Hfe, Tfr2, Hjv, and Bmp6 mutant mice. Iron 164-168 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 96-104 21480335-3 2011 To understand the role each of these proteins plays in hepcidin regulation by iron, we analyzed hepcidin messenger RNA (mRNA) responsiveness to short and long-term iron challenge in iron-depleted Hfe, Tfr2, Hjv, and Bmp6 mutant mice. Iron 164-168 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 96-104 21480335-4 2011 After 1-day (acute) iron challenge, Hfe(-/-) mice showed a smaller hepcidin increase than their wild-type strain-matched controls, Bmp6(-/-) mice showed nearly no increase, and Tfr2 and Hjv mutant mice showed no increase in hepcidin expression, indicating that all four proteins participate in hepcidin regulation by acute iron changes. Iron 20-24 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 67-75 21245482-1 2011 The induction of the iron-regulatory peptide hepcidin by proinflammatory cytokines is thought to result in the withholding of iron from invading pathogens. Iron 21-25 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 45-53 21480335-10 2011 A distinct regulatory mechanism that senses hepatic iron may modulate hepcidin response to chronic iron loading. Iron 52-56 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 70-78 21480335-10 2011 A distinct regulatory mechanism that senses hepatic iron may modulate hepcidin response to chronic iron loading. Iron 99-103 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 70-78 21364282-1 2011 Systemic iron homeostasis is mainly controlled by the liver through synthesis of the peptide hormone hepcidin (encoded by Hamp), the key regulator of duodenal iron absorption and macrophage iron release. Iron 9-13 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 101-109 21364282-1 2011 Systemic iron homeostasis is mainly controlled by the liver through synthesis of the peptide hormone hepcidin (encoded by Hamp), the key regulator of duodenal iron absorption and macrophage iron release. Iron 9-13 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 122-126 21364282-1 2011 Systemic iron homeostasis is mainly controlled by the liver through synthesis of the peptide hormone hepcidin (encoded by Hamp), the key regulator of duodenal iron absorption and macrophage iron release. Iron 159-163 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 101-109 21364282-1 2011 Systemic iron homeostasis is mainly controlled by the liver through synthesis of the peptide hormone hepcidin (encoded by Hamp), the key regulator of duodenal iron absorption and macrophage iron release. Iron 159-163 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 122-126 21364282-1 2011 Systemic iron homeostasis is mainly controlled by the liver through synthesis of the peptide hormone hepcidin (encoded by Hamp), the key regulator of duodenal iron absorption and macrophage iron release. Iron 159-163 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 101-109 21364282-1 2011 Systemic iron homeostasis is mainly controlled by the liver through synthesis of the peptide hormone hepcidin (encoded by Hamp), the key regulator of duodenal iron absorption and macrophage iron release. Iron 159-163 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 122-126 21291567-9 2011 Hepatic iron increase in the mice given either T. occidentalis or FeSO4 led to a corresponding enhancement of hepcidin mRNA expression. Iron 8-12 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 110-118 21059897-1 2011 In hereditary hemochromatosis, mutations in HFE lead to iron overload through abnormally low levels of hepcidin. Iron 56-60 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 103-111 21059897-10 2011 In summary, we demonstrate that Hfe influences erythropoiesis by 2 distinct mechanisms: limiting hepcidin expression under conditions of simultaneous iron overload and stress erythropoiesis, and impairing transferrin-bound iron uptake by erythroid cells. Iron 150-154 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 97-105 20940420-1 2011 Hepcidin is the master regulator of iron homeostasis. Iron 36-40 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 20940420-2 2011 In the liver, iron-dependent hepcidin activation is regulated through Bmp6 and its membrane receptor hemojuvelin (Hjv), whereas, in response to iron deficiency, hepcidin repression seems to be controlled by a pathway involving the serine protease matriptase-2 (encoded by Tmprss6). Iron 14-18 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 29-37 20940420-2 2011 In the liver, iron-dependent hepcidin activation is regulated through Bmp6 and its membrane receptor hemojuvelin (Hjv), whereas, in response to iron deficiency, hepcidin repression seems to be controlled by a pathway involving the serine protease matriptase-2 (encoded by Tmprss6). Iron 144-148 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 161-169 20956801-1 2011 As a central regulator of iron metabolism, hepcidin inhibits dietary iron absorption and macrophage iron recycling. Iron 26-30 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 43-51 20956801-1 2011 As a central regulator of iron metabolism, hepcidin inhibits dietary iron absorption and macrophage iron recycling. Iron 69-73 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 43-51 20956801-1 2011 As a central regulator of iron metabolism, hepcidin inhibits dietary iron absorption and macrophage iron recycling. Iron 69-73 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 43-51 21291567-10 2011 Induced hepcidin mRNA expression was enhanced by the addition of ascorbic acid to the test dose of iron. Iron 99-103 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 8-16 21291567-11 2011 Hepatic hepcidin mRNA expression was found to be responsive to increase in the relative bioavailability of iron from test diets. Iron 107-111 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 8-16 22264719-2 2011 Hepcidin, a key regulator of iron metabolism, is up-regulated by iron and inflammatory stimuli such as interleukin 6, and decreased by iron deficiency, enhanced erythropoiesis and hypoxia. Iron 39-43 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 20811044-0 2011 Age-dependent retinal iron accumulation and degeneration in hepcidin knockout mice. Iron 22-26 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 60-68 20811044-2 2011 The peptide hormone hepcidin (Hepc) limits iron uptake from the intestine by triggering degradation of the iron transporter ferroportin (Fpn). Iron 43-47 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 20-28 20811044-2 2011 The peptide hormone hepcidin (Hepc) limits iron uptake from the intestine by triggering degradation of the iron transporter ferroportin (Fpn). Iron 43-47 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 30-34 20811044-8 2011 RESULTS: Hepc(-/-) mice experienced age-dependent increases in retinal iron followed by retinal degeneration with autofluorescent RPE, photoreceptor death, and subretinal neovascularization. Iron 71-75 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 9-13 20811044-10 2011 Conversely, in cultured retinal capillary endothelial cells, exogenous Hepc decreased both Fpn levels and iron transport. Iron 106-110 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 71-75 20811044-11 2011 The retina can sense increased iron levels, upregulating Hepc after phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinases. Iron 31-35 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 57-61 20811044-12 2011 CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that Hepc is essential for retinal iron regulation. Iron 72-76 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 42-46 20811044-14 2011 Increases in Hepc mRNA levels after intravitreal iron injection combined with Hepc-mediated decreases in iron export from cultured retinal capillary endothelial cells suggest that the retina may use Hepc for its tissue-specific iron regulation. Iron 49-53 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 13-17 20811044-14 2011 Increases in Hepc mRNA levels after intravitreal iron injection combined with Hepc-mediated decreases in iron export from cultured retinal capillary endothelial cells suggest that the retina may use Hepc for its tissue-specific iron regulation. Iron 105-109 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 78-82 20811044-14 2011 Increases in Hepc mRNA levels after intravitreal iron injection combined with Hepc-mediated decreases in iron export from cultured retinal capillary endothelial cells suggest that the retina may use Hepc for its tissue-specific iron regulation. Iron 105-109 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 78-82 20811044-14 2011 Increases in Hepc mRNA levels after intravitreal iron injection combined with Hepc-mediated decreases in iron export from cultured retinal capillary endothelial cells suggest that the retina may use Hepc for its tissue-specific iron regulation. Iron 105-109 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 78-82 20811044-14 2011 Increases in Hepc mRNA levels after intravitreal iron injection combined with Hepc-mediated decreases in iron export from cultured retinal capillary endothelial cells suggest that the retina may use Hepc for its tissue-specific iron regulation. Iron 105-109 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 78-82 22264719-2 2011 Hepcidin, a key regulator of iron metabolism, is up-regulated by iron and inflammatory stimuli such as interleukin 6, and decreased by iron deficiency, enhanced erythropoiesis and hypoxia. Iron 75-79 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 21099105-2 2010 Inappropriately low levels of hepcidin, a negative regulator of iron absorption and recycling, underlie the pathophysiology of the intestinal hyperabsorption. Iron 64-68 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 30-38 21099112-0 2010 Hepcidin as a therapeutic tool to limit iron overload and improve anemia in beta-thalassemic mice. Iron 40-44 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 21099105-4 2010 demonstrate that increasing hepcidin expression to induce iron deficiency in murine beta-thalassemia not only mitigates the iron overload, but also the severity of the anemia. Iron 58-62 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 28-36 21099112-3 2010 Iron overload is associated with low levels of hepcidin, a peptide that regulates iron metabolism by triggering degradation of ferroportin, an iron-transport protein localized on absorptive enterocytes as well as hepatocytes and macrophages. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 47-55 21099112-3 2010 Iron overload is associated with low levels of hepcidin, a peptide that regulates iron metabolism by triggering degradation of ferroportin, an iron-transport protein localized on absorptive enterocytes as well as hepatocytes and macrophages. Iron 82-86 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 47-55 21099105-5 2010 These data illustrate the therapeutic potential of modulating hepcidin expression in diseases associated with altered iron metabolism. Iron 118-122 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 62-70 21099112-6 2010 Here we demonstrate that a moderate increase in expression of hepcidin in beta-thalassemic mice limits iron overload, decreases formation of insoluble membrane-bound globins and reactive oxygen species, and improves anemia. Iron 103-107 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 62-70 21099112-8 2010 These data led us to suggest that therapeutics that could increase hepcidin levels or act as hepcidin agonists might help treat the abnormal iron absorption in individuals with beta-thalassemia and related disorders. Iron 141-145 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 67-75 20712796-0 2010 Hepcidin and Hfe in iron overload in beta-thalassemia. Iron 20-24 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 21099112-8 2010 These data led us to suggest that therapeutics that could increase hepcidin levels or act as hepcidin agonists might help treat the abnormal iron absorption in individuals with beta-thalassemia and related disorders. Iron 141-145 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 93-101 20816093-1 2010 To maintain appropriate body iron levels, iron absorption by the proximal duodenum is thought to be controlled by hepcidin, a polypeptide secreted by hepatocytes in response to high serum iron. Iron 29-33 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 114-122 20816093-1 2010 To maintain appropriate body iron levels, iron absorption by the proximal duodenum is thought to be controlled by hepcidin, a polypeptide secreted by hepatocytes in response to high serum iron. Iron 42-46 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 114-122 20816093-1 2010 To maintain appropriate body iron levels, iron absorption by the proximal duodenum is thought to be controlled by hepcidin, a polypeptide secreted by hepatocytes in response to high serum iron. Iron 42-46 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 114-122 20816093-2 2010 Hepcidin limits basolateral iron efflux from the duodenal epithelium by binding and downregulating the intestinal iron exporter ferroportin. Iron 28-32 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 20816093-2 2010 Hepcidin limits basolateral iron efflux from the duodenal epithelium by binding and downregulating the intestinal iron exporter ferroportin. Iron 114-118 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 20712796-1 2010 Hepcidin (HAMP) negatively regulates iron absorption, degrading the iron exporter ferroportin at the level of enterocytes and macrophages. Iron 37-41 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 20712796-1 2010 Hepcidin (HAMP) negatively regulates iron absorption, degrading the iron exporter ferroportin at the level of enterocytes and macrophages. Iron 37-41 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 10-14 20712796-1 2010 Hepcidin (HAMP) negatively regulates iron absorption, degrading the iron exporter ferroportin at the level of enterocytes and macrophages. Iron 68-72 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 20712796-1 2010 Hepcidin (HAMP) negatively regulates iron absorption, degrading the iron exporter ferroportin at the level of enterocytes and macrophages. Iron 68-72 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 10-14 20712796-4 2010 We also showed that the iron metabolism gene Hfe is down-regulated in concert with hepcidin in th3/+ mice. Iron 24-28 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 83-91 20712796-6 2010 Therefore, these studies suggest that increasing hepcidin and/or Hfe expression could be a strategy to reduces iron overload in these animals. Iron 111-115 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 49-57 20542038-5 2010 In mice, deletion of the iron hormone hepcidin and any of 8 genes that regulate its biology, including Hfe, transferrin receptor 2 (Tfr2), and hemojuvelin (Hjv) (which all sense the accumulation of iron that hepcidin corrects) or ferroportin (Fpn) (the cellular iron exporter down-regulated by hepcidin), cause iron overload but not organ disease. Iron 25-29 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 208-216 20558581-7 2010 Iron supplementation caused suppression of endogenous duodenal SLC11A2 expression, down-regulation of duodenal ferroportin, and overexpression of hepatic hepcidin, precluding excessive iron uptake both in the TGs and wild-type mice. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 154-162 20542038-5 2010 In mice, deletion of the iron hormone hepcidin and any of 8 genes that regulate its biology, including Hfe, transferrin receptor 2 (Tfr2), and hemojuvelin (Hjv) (which all sense the accumulation of iron that hepcidin corrects) or ferroportin (Fpn) (the cellular iron exporter down-regulated by hepcidin), cause iron overload but not organ disease. Iron 25-29 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 38-46 20542038-5 2010 In mice, deletion of the iron hormone hepcidin and any of 8 genes that regulate its biology, including Hfe, transferrin receptor 2 (Tfr2), and hemojuvelin (Hjv) (which all sense the accumulation of iron that hepcidin corrects) or ferroportin (Fpn) (the cellular iron exporter down-regulated by hepcidin), cause iron overload but not organ disease. Iron 25-29 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 208-216 20542038-5 2010 In mice, deletion of the iron hormone hepcidin and any of 8 genes that regulate its biology, including Hfe, transferrin receptor 2 (Tfr2), and hemojuvelin (Hjv) (which all sense the accumulation of iron that hepcidin corrects) or ferroportin (Fpn) (the cellular iron exporter down-regulated by hepcidin), cause iron overload but not organ disease. Iron 198-202 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 38-46 20542038-5 2010 In mice, deletion of the iron hormone hepcidin and any of 8 genes that regulate its biology, including Hfe, transferrin receptor 2 (Tfr2), and hemojuvelin (Hjv) (which all sense the accumulation of iron that hepcidin corrects) or ferroportin (Fpn) (the cellular iron exporter down-regulated by hepcidin), cause iron overload but not organ disease. Iron 198-202 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 38-46 20542038-5 2010 In mice, deletion of the iron hormone hepcidin and any of 8 genes that regulate its biology, including Hfe, transferrin receptor 2 (Tfr2), and hemojuvelin (Hjv) (which all sense the accumulation of iron that hepcidin corrects) or ferroportin (Fpn) (the cellular iron exporter down-regulated by hepcidin), cause iron overload but not organ disease. Iron 198-202 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 38-46 20540689-9 2010 In addition, the mRNA expression of hepcidin was also increased, suggesting blockage of iron recycling through FPN1 in spleen with cisplatin treatment. Iron 88-92 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 36-44 20220061-1 2010 BACKGROUND: Expression of the iron exporter ferroportin at the plasma membrane of macrophages is enhanced by iron loading and is decreased by hepcidin. Iron 30-34 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 142-150 20540689-11 2010 Hepcidin inhibits the function of FPN1 as iron-exporter leading to iron overloaded inside ferritins of splenic cells, which are stained with abnormal hemosiderin accumulation. Iron 42-46 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 20540689-11 2010 Hepcidin inhibits the function of FPN1 as iron-exporter leading to iron overloaded inside ferritins of splenic cells, which are stained with abnormal hemosiderin accumulation. Iron 67-71 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 20053755-2 2010 Iron metabolism is controlled by hepcidin, a 25-amino acid peptide. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 33-41 20530874-1 2010 Hepcidin is a peptide hormone that regulates iron homeostasis and acts as an antimicrobial peptide. Iron 45-49 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 20530874-3 2010 Hepcidin mediates iron homeostasis by binding to the iron exporter ferroportin, inducing its internalization and degradation via activation of the protein kinase Jak2 and the subsequent phosphorylation of ferroportin. Iron 18-22 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 20530874-3 2010 Hepcidin mediates iron homeostasis by binding to the iron exporter ferroportin, inducing its internalization and degradation via activation of the protein kinase Jak2 and the subsequent phosphorylation of ferroportin. Iron 53-57 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 20456487-0 2010 Hepcidin treatment in Hfe-/- mice diminishes plasma iron without affecting erythropoiesis. Iron 52-56 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 20456487-3 2010 Hepcidin is the main hormone that regulates iron homoestasis and it is secreted by the liver. Iron 44-48 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 20456487-4 2010 MATERIALS AND METHODS: We have studied how extended hepcidin administration affects the iron load status, plasma and tissue iron concentration, erythropoiesis and the expression of proteins involved on iron homeostasis in haemochromatotic (Hfe(-/-)) and wild-type mice. Iron 88-92 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 52-60 20456487-4 2010 MATERIALS AND METHODS: We have studied how extended hepcidin administration affects the iron load status, plasma and tissue iron concentration, erythropoiesis and the expression of proteins involved on iron homeostasis in haemochromatotic (Hfe(-/-)) and wild-type mice. Iron 124-128 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 52-60 20456487-4 2010 MATERIALS AND METHODS: We have studied how extended hepcidin administration affects the iron load status, plasma and tissue iron concentration, erythropoiesis and the expression of proteins involved on iron homeostasis in haemochromatotic (Hfe(-/-)) and wild-type mice. Iron 124-128 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 52-60 20456487-5 2010 RESULTS: Hepcidin reverted the high plasma iron concentrations in Hfe(-/-) mice to normal values. Iron 43-47 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 9-17 20456487-8 2010 These data confirm that hepcidin administration diminishes plasma iron concentrations. Iron 66-70 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 24-32 20456487-9 2010 CONCLUSION: Treatment with sustained doses of hepcidin diminishes plasma iron concentrations in Hfe(-/-) mice. Iron 73-77 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 46-54 20363739-2 2010 Hepcidin is the key peptide hormone in iron homeostasis, and is secreted predominantly by hepatocytes. Iron 39-43 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 20200349-3 2010 Both humans and mice with TMPRSS6 mutations show inappropriately elevated levels of the iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin, suggesting that TMPRSS6 acts to negatively regulate hepcidin expression. Iron 88-92 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 112-120 20200349-3 2010 Both humans and mice with TMPRSS6 mutations show inappropriately elevated levels of the iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin, suggesting that TMPRSS6 acts to negatively regulate hepcidin expression. Iron 88-92 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 174-182 20177050-2 2010 Hepcidin is a key iron regulator, which is secreted by the liver, and decreases serum iron levels by causing the down-regulation of the iron transporter, ferroportin. Iron 18-22 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 20177050-2 2010 Hepcidin is a key iron regulator, which is secreted by the liver, and decreases serum iron levels by causing the down-regulation of the iron transporter, ferroportin. Iron 86-90 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 20053755-3 2010 Hepcidin is induced by inflammation, causes iron to be sequestered, and thus, potentially contributes to AI. Iron 44-48 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 20179178-3 2010 alpha-Tfr2 is the sensor of diferric transferrin, implicated in the modulation of hepcidin, the main regulator of iron homeostasis. Iron 114-118 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 82-90 20040761-0 2010 SMAD7 controls iron metabolism as a potent inhibitor of hepcidin expression. Iron 15-19 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 56-64 20219396-1 2010 Transcription of the hepcidin (Hamp) gene is controlled by iron stores and the rate of erythropoiesis. Iron 59-63 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 21-29 20219396-1 2010 Transcription of the hepcidin (Hamp) gene is controlled by iron stores and the rate of erythropoiesis. Iron 59-63 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 31-35 20219396-8 2010 Pretreatment of C57BL/6 mice with iron (5mg/mouse) almost completely inhibited the EPO-induced decrease of Hamp mRNA. Iron 34-38 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 107-111 20040761-1 2010 Hepcidin is the master regulatory hormone of systemic iron metabolism. Iron 54-58 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 20040761-2 2010 Hepcidin deficiency causes common iron overload syndromes whereas its overexpression is responsible for microcytic anemias. Iron 34-38 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 20040761-5 2010 SMAD7 is an inhibitory SMAD protein that mediates a negative feedback loop to both transforming growth factor-beta and BMP signaling and that recently was shown to be coregulated with hepcidin via SMAD4 in response to altered iron availability in vivo. Iron 226-230 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 184-192 20231891-8 2010 The response of the iron regulatory gene Hepcidin to infection and the changes in iron status were assessed by real-time PCR and Western blotting. Iron 20-24 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 41-49 20231891-9 2010 Our results show that Hepcidin levels responded to the changing iron status of the animals, but were not significantly influenced by the inflammatory response. Iron 64-68 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 22-30 20045050-0 2010 Hepcidin induction limits mobilisation of splenic iron in a mouse model of secondary iron overload. Iron 50-54 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 20045050-0 2010 Hepcidin induction limits mobilisation of splenic iron in a mouse model of secondary iron overload. Iron 85-89 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 20045050-10 2010 In conclusion, our model of secondary iron overload led to decreased plasma iron associated with an increase in hepcidin expression and subsequent restriction of iron export from the spleen. Iron 38-42 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 112-120 19898775-0 2010 Role of hepcidin in murine brain iron metabolism. Iron 33-37 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 8-16 20091060-2 2010 Hepcidin, mainly produced by hepatocytes in a STAT3- and/or SMAD-dependent manner, is involved in iron homeostasis. Iron 98-102 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 19773263-1 2010 Hepcidin, a circulating regulatory hormone peptide produced by hepatocytes, functions as the master regulator of cellular iron export by controlling the amount of ferroportin, an iron exporter present on the basolateral surface of intestinal enterocytes and macrophages. Iron 122-126 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 19773263-1 2010 Hepcidin, a circulating regulatory hormone peptide produced by hepatocytes, functions as the master regulator of cellular iron export by controlling the amount of ferroportin, an iron exporter present on the basolateral surface of intestinal enterocytes and macrophages. Iron 179-183 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 19773263-2 2010 Hepcidin binding to ferroportin induces its internalization and degradation, resulting in cellular iron retention and decreased iron export. Iron 99-103 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 19773263-2 2010 Hepcidin binding to ferroportin induces its internalization and degradation, resulting in cellular iron retention and decreased iron export. Iron 128-132 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 20133002-12 2010 Increased ferroportin expression due to decreased hepcidin mRNA levels is likely to be responsible for impaired splenic iron uptake in Tfr2 mutant mice. Iron 120-124 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 50-58 19786029-0 2010 Iron-induced expression of bone morphogenic protein 6 in intestinal cells is the main regulator of hepatic hepcidin expression in vivo. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 107-115 19786029-2 2010 METHODS: BMP and hepcidin expression upon iron sensing were analyzed in vivo in BMP6(-/-) and BMP6(+/+) mice and ex vivo in tissue and in vitro in cells of the liver and the small intestine. Iron 42-46 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 17-25 19898775-2 2010 Hepcidin, an iron regulatory hormone produced by hepatocytes in response to inflammatory stimuli, iron, and hypoxia, has been shown to be the long-sought hormone responsible for the regulation of body iron balance and recycling in mammals. Iron 13-17 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 19898775-2 2010 Hepcidin, an iron regulatory hormone produced by hepatocytes in response to inflammatory stimuli, iron, and hypoxia, has been shown to be the long-sought hormone responsible for the regulation of body iron balance and recycling in mammals. Iron 98-102 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 19898775-6 2010 Additionally, treatment of primary cultured neurons with hepcidin caused decreased neuronal iron release and Fpn1 protein levels. Iron 92-96 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 57-65 19898775-7 2010 Together, our data provide further evidence that hepcidin may be involved in the regulation of brain iron metabolism. Iron 101-105 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 49-57 19824072-1 2009 UNLABELLED: Hepcidin is a central regulator of iron homeostasis. Iron 47-51 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 12-20 19824072-2 2009 HFE and transferrin receptor 2 (TFR2) are mutated in adult-onset forms of hereditary hemochromatosis and regulate the expression of hepcidin in response to iron. Iron 156-160 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 132-140 19330300-3 2009 We found tissue specific changes in sla and nutritional iron deficiency including decreased liver Hamp1 expression and increased protein expression of the enterocyte basolateral iron transport components, hephaestin and ferroportin. Iron 56-60 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 98-103 19249912-1 2010 Hepcidin is a key regulator of iron homeostasis, while hemojuvelin is an important component of the hepcidin regulation pathway. Iron 31-35 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 19809161-9 2009 Furthermore, by mimicking the altered iron metabolism associated with Hfe deficiency, we found that 3 different inhibitors of hepcidin attenuated Salmonella-induced and noninfectious enterocolitis. Iron 38-42 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 126-134 19652026-1 2009 Hepcidin is an antimicrobial peptide involved in regulating iron homeostasis. Iron 60-64 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 19652026-3 2009 Hepcidin regulates iron metabolism by inhibiting iron absorption by the duodenum and by inhibiting macrophage iron recycling. Iron 19-23 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 19652026-3 2009 Hepcidin regulates iron metabolism by inhibiting iron absorption by the duodenum and by inhibiting macrophage iron recycling. Iron 49-53 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 19652026-3 2009 Hepcidin regulates iron metabolism by inhibiting iron absorption by the duodenum and by inhibiting macrophage iron recycling. Iron 49-53 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 19591830-2 2009 Levels of the main iron regulatory hormone, hepcidin, are inappropriately low in hereditary hemochromatosis mouse models and patients with HFE mutations, indicating that HFE regulates hepcidin. Iron 19-23 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 44-52 19924283-0 2009 Evidence for a lack of a direct transcriptional suppression of the iron regulatory peptide hepcidin by hypoxia-inducible factors. Iron 67-71 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 91-99 19924283-1 2009 BACKGROUND: Hepcidin is a major regulator of iron metabolism and plays a key role in anemia of chronic disease, reducing intestinal iron uptake and release from body iron stores. Iron 45-49 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 12-20 19924283-1 2009 BACKGROUND: Hepcidin is a major regulator of iron metabolism and plays a key role in anemia of chronic disease, reducing intestinal iron uptake and release from body iron stores. Iron 132-136 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 12-20 19924283-1 2009 BACKGROUND: Hepcidin is a major regulator of iron metabolism and plays a key role in anemia of chronic disease, reducing intestinal iron uptake and release from body iron stores. Iron 132-136 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 12-20 19924283-4 2009 METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Hepcidin mRNA was down-regulated in hepatoma cells by chemical HIF stabilizers and iron chelators, respectively. Iron 115-119 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 32-40 19924283-8 2009 Hepcidin expression was also markedly and rapidly decreased by serum deprivation, independent of transferrin-bound iron, and by the phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI3) kinase inhibitor LY294002, indicating that growth factors are required for hepcidin expression in vitro. Iron 115-119 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 19751239-0 2009 Suppression of the hepcidin-encoding gene Hamp permits iron overload in mice lacking both hemojuvelin and matriptase-2/TMPRSS6. Iron 55-59 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 19-27 19751239-0 2009 Suppression of the hepcidin-encoding gene Hamp permits iron overload in mice lacking both hemojuvelin and matriptase-2/TMPRSS6. Iron 55-59 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 42-46 19751239-1 2009 Hepcidin, the master regulator of enteric iron absorption, is controlled by the opposing effects of pathways activated in response to iron excess or iron attenuation. Iron 42-46 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 19751239-1 2009 Hepcidin, the master regulator of enteric iron absorption, is controlled by the opposing effects of pathways activated in response to iron excess or iron attenuation. Iron 134-138 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 19751239-1 2009 Hepcidin, the master regulator of enteric iron absorption, is controlled by the opposing effects of pathways activated in response to iron excess or iron attenuation. Iron 134-138 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 19751239-2 2009 Iron excess is regulated through a pathway involving the cell surface receptor hemojuvelin (HFE2) that stimulates expression of the hepcidin encoding gene (HAMP). Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 132-140 19751239-2 2009 Iron excess is regulated through a pathway involving the cell surface receptor hemojuvelin (HFE2) that stimulates expression of the hepcidin encoding gene (HAMP). Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 156-160 19751239-3 2009 Iron attenuation is countered through a pathway involving the hepatocyte-specific plasma membrane protease matriptase-2 encoded by TMPRSS6, leading to suppression of HAMP expression. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 166-170 19622835-1 2009 Impaired regulation of hepcidin expression in response to iron loading appears to be the pathogenic mechanism for hereditary hemochromatosis. Iron 58-62 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 23-31 19787063-2 2009 HFE-related hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is characterized by abnormally low expression of the iron-regulatory hormone, hepcidin, which results in increased iron absorption. Iron 97-101 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 122-130 19787063-3 2009 The liver is crucial for iron homeostasis as it is the main production site of hepcidin. Iron 25-29 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 79-87 19622835-2 2009 Iron normally induces expression of the BMP6 ligand, which, in turn, activates the BMP/Smad signaling cascade directing hepcidin expression. Iron 0-4 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 120-128 19587376-1 2009 Hepcidin is the major regulator of systemic iron homeostasis in mammals. Iron 44-48 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 19533074-2 2009 In mammals, iron homeostasis is regulated systemically by the iron-hormone hepcidin, an acute-phase protein secreted by the liver which inhibits iron absorption and recycling. Iron 12-16 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 75-83 19533074-2 2009 In mammals, iron homeostasis is regulated systemically by the iron-hormone hepcidin, an acute-phase protein secreted by the liver which inhibits iron absorption and recycling. Iron 62-66 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 75-83 19533074-2 2009 In mammals, iron homeostasis is regulated systemically by the iron-hormone hepcidin, an acute-phase protein secreted by the liver which inhibits iron absorption and recycling. Iron 62-66 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 75-83 19587376-3 2009 We measured serum levels of bioactive hepcidin and its effects on serum iron levels in mice infected with Borrelia burgdorferi. Iron 72-76 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 38-46 19679815-7 2009 The regulation of hepcidin by ER stress links the intracellular response involved in protein quality control to innate immunity and iron homeostasis. Iron 132-136 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 18-26 19679815-0 2009 ER stress controls iron metabolism through induction of hepcidin. Iron 19-23 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 56-64 19414861-1 2009 In thalassemia and other iron loading anemias, ineffective erythropoiesis and erythroid signaling molecules are thought to cause inappropriate suppression of a small peptide produced by hepatocytes named hepcidin. Iron 25-29 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 204-212 19679815-1 2009 Hepcidin is a peptide hormone that is secreted by the liver and controls body iron homeostasis. Iron 78-82 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 19679815-3 2009 Inflammation and iron are known extracellular stimuli for hepcidin expression. Iron 17-21 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 58-66 19426170-1 2009 BACKGROUND/AIMS: Expression of Hamp1, the gene encoding the iron regulatory peptide hepcidin, is inappropriately low in HFE-associated hereditary hemochromatosis and Hfe knockout mice (Hfe(-/-)). Iron 60-64 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 31-36 19426170-1 2009 BACKGROUND/AIMS: Expression of Hamp1, the gene encoding the iron regulatory peptide hepcidin, is inappropriately low in HFE-associated hereditary hemochromatosis and Hfe knockout mice (Hfe(-/-)). Iron 60-64 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 84-92 19371723-7 2009 Inter-strain variation in hepcidin expression correlated with established phenotypic differences in iron loading in these mice. Iron 100-104 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 26-34 19371723-8 2009 As hepcidin is critically required for iron metabolism, we posit that variation in its expression may be a quantitative trait which determines differences in iron handling within and between mouse strains, and that this may also apply to humans. Iron 39-43 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 3-11 19371723-8 2009 As hepcidin is critically required for iron metabolism, we posit that variation in its expression may be a quantitative trait which determines differences in iron handling within and between mouse strains, and that this may also apply to humans. Iron 158-162 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 3-11 19449457-4 2009 We found that key regulators of iron homeostasis, hepcidin and IL-6, were increased in gangliosidoses mice. Iron 32-36 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 50-58 19454495-1 2009 BACKGROUND: The circulating hormone hepcidin plays a central role in iron homeostasis. Iron 69-73 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 36-44 19454495-2 2009 Our goal was to establish an ex vivo iron-sensing model and to characterize the molecular mechanisms linking iron to hepcidin. Iron 37-41 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 117-125 19454495-2 2009 Our goal was to establish an ex vivo iron-sensing model and to characterize the molecular mechanisms linking iron to hepcidin. Iron 109-113 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 117-125 19380872-0 2009 Hepcidin, the hormone of iron metabolism, is bound specifically to alpha-2-macroglobulin in blood. Iron 25-29 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 19380872-1 2009 Hepcidin is a major regulator of iron metabolism. Iron 33-37 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 19380872-10 2009 The demonstration that alpha2-M is the hepcidin transporter could lead to better understanding of hepcidin physiology, methods for its sensitive measurement and the development of novel drugs for the treatment of iron-related diseases. Iron 213-217 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 39-47 19213835-4 2009 Intraperitoneal administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice triggers a transient transcription of the gene encoding for hepcidin, a key regulator of iron homeostasis, in the choroid plexus, which correlated with increased detection of pro-hepcidin in the CSF. Iron 156-160 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 127-135 19352007-3 2009 Having recently established a link between HIF and the iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin, we hypothesized that HIFs, stabilized in the hypoxic intestinal epithelium, may also play critical roles in regulating intestinal iron absorption. Iron 55-59 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 79-87 19191760-1 2009 Haemochromatosis is a genetic disorder of iron overload resulting from loss-of-function mutations in genes coding for the iron-regulatory proteins HFE [HLA-like protein involved in iron (Fe) homoeostasis], transferrin receptor 2, ferroportin, hepcidin and HJV (haemojuvelin). Iron 122-126 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 243-251 19191760-1 2009 Haemochromatosis is a genetic disorder of iron overload resulting from loss-of-function mutations in genes coding for the iron-regulatory proteins HFE [HLA-like protein involved in iron (Fe) homoeostasis], transferrin receptor 2, ferroportin, hepcidin and HJV (haemojuvelin). Iron 122-126 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 243-251 19252488-1 2009 Expression of hepcidin, a key regulator of intestinal iron absorption, can be induced in vitro by several bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), including BMP2, BMP4 and BMP9 (refs. Iron 54-58 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 14-22 19321419-5 2009 Furthermore, hepatocyte iron content and hepcidin mRNA levels were dramatically lower in KO mice, indicating that hepcidin levels can be regulated by low-hepatocyte iron stores despite increased transferrin saturation. Iron 24-28 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 114-122 19321419-5 2009 Furthermore, hepatocyte iron content and hepcidin mRNA levels were dramatically lower in KO mice, indicating that hepcidin levels can be regulated by low-hepatocyte iron stores despite increased transferrin saturation. Iron 165-169 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 114-122 19252486-1 2009 Juvenile hemochromatosis is an iron-overload disorder caused by mutations in the genes encoding the major iron regulatory hormone hepcidin (HAMP) and hemojuvelin (HFE2). Iron 31-35 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 130-138 19252486-1 2009 Juvenile hemochromatosis is an iron-overload disorder caused by mutations in the genes encoding the major iron regulatory hormone hepcidin (HAMP) and hemojuvelin (HFE2). Iron 31-35 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 140-144 18948155-1 2009 Hepcidin, a principle regulator of iron metabolism, is synthesized by the liver. Iron 35-39 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 18948155-2 2009 Contradictory results have been reported on the regulation of hepcidin expression in response to serum transferrin saturation and liver iron content. Iron 136-140 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 62-70 18948155-4 2009 We find that hepcidin expression correlates significantly with serum transferrin saturation, whereas there is a negative correlation of hepcidin expression with liver tissue iron level. Iron 174-178 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 136-144 18997172-1 2009 Hepcidin plays a major role in the regulation of iron homeostasis. Iron 49-53 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 18997172-3 2009 Hemojuvelin, a protein critical for maintaining appropriate levels of hepcidin, acts as a coreceptor for BMP2 and BMP4, thereby providing a link between iron homeostasis and the BMP-signaling pathway. Iron 153-157 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 70-78 18519569-2 2008 Increased iron accumulation is caused by hepcidin-mediated down-regulation of the iron export protein ferroportin and higher iron uptake. Iron 10-14 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 41-49 18519569-2 2008 Increased iron accumulation is caused by hepcidin-mediated down-regulation of the iron export protein ferroportin and higher iron uptake. Iron 82-86 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 41-49 18519569-2 2008 Increased iron accumulation is caused by hepcidin-mediated down-regulation of the iron export protein ferroportin and higher iron uptake. Iron 82-86 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 41-49 19109230-5 2009 Feeding of low- or high-iron diet was associated with appropriate ferroportin 1 and hepcidin responses in mice given histocompatible T cells, whereas mice given histoincompatible T cells showed inappropriate up-regulation of duodenal ferroportin 1 and a loss of expression of hepatic hepcidin. Iron 24-28 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 84-92 19109230-5 2009 Feeding of low- or high-iron diet was associated with appropriate ferroportin 1 and hepcidin responses in mice given histocompatible T cells, whereas mice given histoincompatible T cells showed inappropriate up-regulation of duodenal ferroportin 1 and a loss of expression of hepatic hepcidin. Iron 24-28 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 284-292 19059700-5 2009 We hypothesized that exogenous iron would improve anemia in beta-thalassemia intermedia despite systemic iron overload and further suppress hepcidin secondary to progressive expansion of erythroid precursors. Iron 31-35 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 140-148 19059700-6 2009 MATERIALS AND METHODS: We investigate parameters involved in red cell production, precursor apoptosis, parenchymal iron distribution, and hepcidin expression in iron treated Hbb(th1/th1) mice. Iron 161-165 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 138-146 19059700-9 2009 CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate for the first time that iron results in expansion of extramedullary erythropoiesis, which improves anemia and suggests that expansion of extramedullary erythropoiesis itself results in hepcidin suppression in beta-thalassemia intermedia. Iron 64-68 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 225-233 18603562-12 2008 CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest that the observed TMPRSS6 mutation leads to overproduction of hepcidin and, in turn, to defective iron absorption and utilization. Iron 146-150 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 110-118 18523150-5 2008 These hematologic alterations found in Tmprss6(-/-) mice are accompanied by a marked up-regulation of hepcidin, a negative regulator of iron export into plasma. Iron 136-140 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 102-110 18539898-3 2008 Among 1419 transcripts significantly modulated by the dietary iron content, 4 were regulated similarly to the hepcidin genes Hamp1 and Hamp2. Iron 62-66 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 110-118 18539898-3 2008 Among 1419 transcripts significantly modulated by the dietary iron content, 4 were regulated similarly to the hepcidin genes Hamp1 and Hamp2. Iron 62-66 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 125-130 18664788-2 2008 These two mechanisms have opposite effects on iron homeostasis, especially on the expression of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin. Iron 46-50 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 124-132 18664788-2 2008 These two mechanisms have opposite effects on iron homeostasis, especially on the expression of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin. Iron 100-104 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 124-132 18521557-0 2008 Kupffer cells modulate iron homeostasis in mice via regulation of hepcidin expression. Iron 23-27 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 66-74 18521557-1 2008 Hepcidin, a small cationic liver derived peptide, is a master regulator of body iron homeostasis. Iron 80-84 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 0-8 18521557-2 2008 Cytokines and iron availability have so far been identified as regulators of hepcidin expression. Iron 14-18 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 77-85 18521557-8 2008 Accordingly, the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) concentrations of the hepcidin iron-sensing molecule hemojuvelin were not significantly changed upon Kupffer cell depletion. Iron 82-86 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 73-81 18521557-10 2008 Our data suggest that Kupffer cells control body iron homeostasis by exerting negative regulatory signals toward hepcidin expression, which may be primarily referred to the secretion of yet unidentified hepcidin-suppressing molecules by Kupffer cells. Iron 49-53 hepcidin antimicrobial peptide Mus musculus 113-121