PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 23136298-7 2013 Transfection of primary amnion cells with SIRT6 siRNA was associated with an increase in IL-1beta-induced proinflammatory cytokine gene expression and release (IL6, IL8, TNF [TNF-alpha]), cyclooxygenase ([COX]-2; official symbol PTGS2) expression and subsequent prostaglandin (PGE(2) and PGF(2alpha)) release, and MMP9 gene expression and release of pro-MMP9. Prostaglandins E 277-280 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 89-97 23183108-6 2013 In addition, equivalent concentrations of AS1940477 that inhibited cytokine production also inhibited TNFalpha- and IL-1 beta-induced production of IL-6, PGE(2), and MMP-3 in human synovial stromal cells. Prostaglandins E 154-157 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 116-125 22831644-4 2012 In renal mesangial cells, AVX001 and AVX002 suppressed IL-1beta-induced PGE(2) synthesis. Prostaglandins E 72-75 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 55-63 22441579-6 2012 A positive correlation between IL-1beta production with accumulation of PGE(2) and MMP-3 was observed. Prostaglandins E 72-75 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 31-39 21931968-9 2012 PGE0001 reduces IL-1beta-induced PGE(2) release in human HCA-7 colon and A549 lung cancer cell lines with EC(50) in the sub-micromolar range. Prostaglandins E 0-3 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 16-24 22638761-5 2012 IL-1beta increased PGE(2) release and COX-2 expression more than BK alone. Prostaglandins E 19-22 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-8 22638761-6 2012 The combined treatment of cells with BK and IL-1beta induced an even increase of released PGE(2) and COX-2 gene and protein expression indicating a synergistic rather than an additive effect, not related to an increase of B(2) receptors density or its coupling. Prostaglandins E 90-93 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 44-52 22517618-5 2012 Using selective EP receptor agonists and a selective EP(4) antagonist, we show that PGE(2) mediates the repression of IL-1beta-induced release of CXCL8, CCL2, and CSF2 via activation of the EP(2) and EP(4) receptors. Prostaglandins E 84-87 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 118-126 21468727-6 2012 Production of IL-6, IL-8, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2)) in response to IL-1beta was significantly increased in cells at passage 7 compared with passage 3. Prostaglandins E 91-94 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 114-122 22306363-6 2012 These results confirmed that PGE(2) mediates the effects of ATRA on HIF-1alpha expression; iii) Prostaglandin uptake transporter inhibitor bromocresol green blocked the increase in HIF-1alpha expression induced by PGE(2) or by PGE(2)-increasing cytokine interleukin-1beta, but not by ATRA. Prostaglandins E 214-217 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 254-271 22306363-6 2012 These results confirmed that PGE(2) mediates the effects of ATRA on HIF-1alpha expression; iii) Prostaglandin uptake transporter inhibitor bromocresol green blocked the increase in HIF-1alpha expression induced by PGE(2) or by PGE(2)-increasing cytokine interleukin-1beta, but not by ATRA. Prostaglandins E 214-217 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 254-271 22878602-4 2012 The presence of IL-1beta led to a significant increase in PGE(2), MMP-3, and NO production, as well as a significant increase in gene expression of COX-2 and iNOS. Prostaglandins E 58-61 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 16-24 22815767-5 2012 Treatment of the human cell line A431 with interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) increased mPGES-1 expression, PGE(2) production and induced EGFR phosphorylation, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) expression. Prostaglandins E 83-86 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 43-60 22815767-5 2012 Treatment of the human cell line A431 with interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) increased mPGES-1 expression, PGE(2) production and induced EGFR phosphorylation, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) expression. Prostaglandins E 83-86 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 62-70 21972293-3 2011 Exogenous PGE(2) and such diverse COX2 activators as lipopolysaccharide, IL-1beta, and IFNgamma all induce monocyte expression of COX2, blocking their differentiation into CD1a(+) DCs and inducing endogenous PGE(2), IDO1, IL-4Ralpha, NOS2, and IL-10, typical MDSC-associated suppressive factors. Prostaglandins E 10-13 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 73-81 21972293-3 2011 Exogenous PGE(2) and such diverse COX2 activators as lipopolysaccharide, IL-1beta, and IFNgamma all induce monocyte expression of COX2, blocking their differentiation into CD1a(+) DCs and inducing endogenous PGE(2), IDO1, IL-4Ralpha, NOS2, and IL-10, typical MDSC-associated suppressive factors. Prostaglandins E 208-211 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 73-81 21683339-7 2011 The expression levels of COX-2 and PGE(2) were enhanced by exogenous IL-1beta in chondrocytes. Prostaglandins E 35-38 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 69-77 21683339-9 2011 It is shown that the expression of COX-2/PGE(2) was enhanced by IL-1beta in articular chondrocytes from mandibular condyle, and that MMP-1, -3, and -13 were induced by PGE(2), suggesting that IL-1beta-induced COX-2/PGE(2) play a crucial role in catabolic processes of mandibular condylar cartilage under inflammatory conditions. Prostaglandins E 41-44 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 64-72 21683339-9 2011 It is shown that the expression of COX-2/PGE(2) was enhanced by IL-1beta in articular chondrocytes from mandibular condyle, and that MMP-1, -3, and -13 were induced by PGE(2), suggesting that IL-1beta-induced COX-2/PGE(2) play a crucial role in catabolic processes of mandibular condylar cartilage under inflammatory conditions. Prostaglandins E 41-44 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 192-200 21683339-9 2011 It is shown that the expression of COX-2/PGE(2) was enhanced by IL-1beta in articular chondrocytes from mandibular condyle, and that MMP-1, -3, and -13 were induced by PGE(2), suggesting that IL-1beta-induced COX-2/PGE(2) play a crucial role in catabolic processes of mandibular condylar cartilage under inflammatory conditions. Prostaglandins E 168-171 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 192-200 21683339-9 2011 It is shown that the expression of COX-2/PGE(2) was enhanced by IL-1beta in articular chondrocytes from mandibular condyle, and that MMP-1, -3, and -13 were induced by PGE(2), suggesting that IL-1beta-induced COX-2/PGE(2) play a crucial role in catabolic processes of mandibular condylar cartilage under inflammatory conditions. Prostaglandins E 168-171 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 192-200 21945458-5 2011 In normal human epidermal keratinocytes stimulated with UVB irradiation, or exposed to interleukin-1 beta, tert-butylhydroperoxide or hydrogen peroxide, pre-treatment with 1 (0-2 muM) inhibited PGE(2) production in dose-dependent manner to a greater extent than 2 and 3. Prostaglandins E 194-197 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 87-105 21878375-4 2011 Moreover, in IL-1beta-stimulated confluent-cells, DMSO dose-dependently reduced COX-2-derived PGE(2) (P<0.05). Prostaglandins E 94-97 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 13-21 21828177-4 2011 A prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase inhibitor indomethacin, a potent inhibitor of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) synthesis, also significantly suppressed the IL-1beta-stimulated INHBA but not FST mRNA expression. Prostaglandins E 104-107 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 157-165 21828177-9 2011 In summary, the present study indicates that the p38 MAPK, the MAPK/ERK kinase, the nuclear factor kappaB pathway, and PGE(2) mediate the effects of IL-1beta on INHBA mRNA expression. Prostaglandins E 119-122 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 149-157 21615409-2 2011 We comprehensively assessed the involvement of MAPKs, activator protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) in IL-1beta-induced production of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2) ) and MMP-1 in human periodontal ligament cells. Prostaglandins E 197-212 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 122-130 21615409-2 2011 We comprehensively assessed the involvement of MAPKs, activator protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) in IL-1beta-induced production of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2) ) and MMP-1 in human periodontal ligament cells. Prostaglandins E 217-220 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 122-130 21615409-6 2011 Furthermore, IL-1beta stimulated the production of IL-6, IL-8, PGE(2) and MMP-1 via activation of the three MAPKs and NF-kappaB, because inhibitors of these significantly suppressed the IL-1beta-stimulated production of these factors. Prostaglandins E 63-66 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 13-21 21615409-7 2011 CONCLUSION: Our results strongly suggest that MAPK, AP-1 and NF-kappaB mediate the IL-1beta-stimulated synthesis of IL-6, IL-8, PGE(2) and MMP-1 in human periodontal ligament cells. Prostaglandins E 128-131 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 83-91 21762793-3 2011 Data now indicate that the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1beta impairs respiration during infection via prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2)) and that infection, with associated eicosanoid release, is one of the main causes of respiratory disorders in preterm infants. Prostaglandins E 134-137 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 52-74 21506092-5 2011 Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) markedly up-regulated ERRalpha expression in OA chondrocytes in vitro, and agonist or inhibitor treatment indicated that the up-regulation was dependent on cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2; NS398), prostaglandin E(2), cAMP (8-bromo-cAMP), and protein kinase A (PKA; KT5720). Prostaglandins E 218-233 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-17 21506092-5 2011 Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) markedly up-regulated ERRalpha expression in OA chondrocytes in vitro, and agonist or inhibitor treatment indicated that the up-regulation was dependent on cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2; NS398), prostaglandin E(2), cAMP (8-bromo-cAMP), and protein kinase A (PKA; KT5720). Prostaglandins E 218-233 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 19-27 20599489-2 2011 MATERIALS AND METHODS: Primary human chondrocytes (PHC) were stimulated with IL-1beta or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce the enhanced release of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), metalloproteinase (MMP-3 and -13), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein expression. Prostaglandins E 148-163 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 77-85 20599489-2 2011 MATERIALS AND METHODS: Primary human chondrocytes (PHC) were stimulated with IL-1beta or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce the enhanced release of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), metalloproteinase (MMP-3 and -13), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein expression. Prostaglandins E 168-171 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 77-85 20887233-8 2011 It also downregulated the IL-1beta-induced production of PGE(2). Prostaglandins E 57-60 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 26-34 21277871-6 2011 IL-1beta induced PGE(2) release and COX-2 and mPGES-1 expression in terms of mRNA and protein, determined by real-time PCR and immunoblotting, respectively. Prostaglandins E 17-20 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-8 21435451-6 2011 In response to tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha), IL-1beta, and cocultured lymphocytes, however, mPGES-1 and COX-2 protein expression increased in fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells, accompanied by increased PGE(2), whereas mPGES-2 and cPGES were unaffected. Prostaglandins E 98-101 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 50-58 20926803-5 2011 We show that incubation of primary human amnion epithelial cells with IL1B results in a rapid, transient up-regulation of OXTR mRNA expression, which peaks in prelabor samples after 6 h. Incubation of prelabor amnion epithelial cells with OXT results in a marked increase of prostaglandin E(2) synthesis, and we demonstrate that OXT activates the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase signal transduction pathway to stimulate up-regulation of cyclo-oxygenase 2 in human amnion epithelial cells. Prostaglandins E 275-290 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 70-74 20688046-2 2010 Nevertheless, after stimulation of various human cell lines with IL-1beta/TNFalpha and simultaneous treatment with DMC PGE(2) synthesis is inhibited [1]. Prostaglandins E 119-122 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 65-73 20420825-6 2010 Moreover, the inflammatory cytokine IL-1beta, either exogenously added or produced by CD14(+) monocytes in culture, could trigger expression of high levels of PGE(2) by hUC-MSCs, whereas inclusion of the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) in the culture down-regulated not only PGE(2) expression, but also reversed the promotional effect of CD14(+) monocytes and partially restored CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell proliferation and IFN-gamma secretion. Prostaglandins E 159-162 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 36-44 20420825-6 2010 Moreover, the inflammatory cytokine IL-1beta, either exogenously added or produced by CD14(+) monocytes in culture, could trigger expression of high levels of PGE(2) by hUC-MSCs, whereas inclusion of the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) in the culture down-regulated not only PGE(2) expression, but also reversed the promotional effect of CD14(+) monocytes and partially restored CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell proliferation and IFN-gamma secretion. Prostaglandins E 277-280 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 36-44 20717945-7 2010 RESULTS: IL-1 beta regulation of COX-2 mRNA and protein levels was dose and time dependent and IL-1 beta altered PGE(2) metabolism, via regulation of both synthetic and degradative enzymes. Prostaglandins E 113-117 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 9-18 20717945-7 2010 RESULTS: IL-1 beta regulation of COX-2 mRNA and protein levels was dose and time dependent and IL-1 beta altered PGE(2) metabolism, via regulation of both synthetic and degradative enzymes. Prostaglandins E 113-117 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 95-104 20412422-6 2010 Production of PGE(2) by Ca9-22 cells was enhanced by co-incubation with OxLDL and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta). Prostaglandins E 14-17 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 82-100 20412422-6 2010 Production of PGE(2) by Ca9-22 cells was enhanced by co-incubation with OxLDL and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta). Prostaglandins E 14-17 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 102-111 20489206-3 2010 Indeed, LTB(4) potently up-regulated/stabilized interleukin-1beta-induced COX-2 mRNA and protein expression under conditions of COX-2 inhibitor-dependent blockade of PGE(2) release in human synovial fibroblasts (EC(50) = 16.5 + or - 1.7 nm for mRNA; 19 + or - 2.4 nm for protein, n = 4). Prostaglandins E 166-169 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 48-65 20590617-9 2010 All p38MAPK inhibitors significantly inhibited the IL-1beta-induced gene expression of COX-2, mPGES1, iNOS, matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) and TNFRSF11B, as well as PGE(2) release. Prostaglandins E 95-98 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 51-59 20108347-5 2010 Exogenous PGE(2) with IL-1beta enhanced this effect. Prostaglandins E 10-13 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 22-30 19777241-0 2010 Effects of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate on cyclooxygenase 2, PGE(2), and IL-8 expression induced by IL-1beta in human synovial fibroblasts. Prostaglandins E 63-66 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 102-110 19777241-6 2010 PGE(2) and IL-8 secretion was also induced by IL-1beta stimulation and significantly suppressed by EGCG. Prostaglandins E 0-3 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 46-54 19777241-8 2010 EGCG may inhibit the expression of inflammatory mediators, such as COX-2, PGE(2), and IL-8, induced by IL-1beta in human synovial fibroblasts. Prostaglandins E 74-77 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 103-111 20207200-5 2010 Moreover, the inflammatory cytokines, IFN-gamma and IL-1beta, produced by hPBMCs upon activation notably upregulated the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and the production of PGE(2) by hUC-MSCs. Prostaglandins E 182-185 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 52-60 19697035-5 2010 In FLSs, PGE(2) production increased only in response to IL-1beta; and no effect was observed in THP-1 cells and TNF-alpha-stimulated FLSs. Prostaglandins E 9-13 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 57-65 19697035-7 2010 Hypoxia (2% O(2)) decreased IL-1beta-stimulated production of PGE(2), even though it increased the expression of mRNA and protein of COX-2. Prostaglandins E 62-65 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 28-36 20082309-5 2010 Higher concentrations of IL-1beta-induced COX-2 mRNA and protein associated with an increase in PGE(2) and cAMP, and all of these parameters were potentiated by bFGF. Prostaglandins E 96-99 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 25-33 20082309-9 2010 The antiproliferative effect of IL-1beta is likely attributed to the induction of COX-2, which is further potentiated by bFGF, and the subsequent generation of PGE(2) and cAMP. Prostaglandins E 160-163 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 32-40 20069553-2 2010 However, the mechanisms underlying IL-1beta-induced cPLA(2) expression and PGE(2) synthesis in human tracheal smooth muscle cells (HTSMCs) remain unknown. Prostaglandins E 75-78 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 35-43 20069553-3 2010 IL-1beta-induced cPLA(2) protein and mRNA expression, PGE(2) production, or phosphorylation of p42/p44 MAPK, p38 MAPK, and JNK1/2, which was attenuated by pretreatment with the inhibitors of MEK1/2 (U0126), p38 MAPK (SB202190), and JNK1/2 (SP600125) or transfection with siRNAs of MEK1, p42, p38, and JNK2. Prostaglandins E 54-57 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-8 20069553-8 2010 These results suggest that in HTSMCs, activation of MAPKs, NF-kappaB, and p300 are essential for IL-1beta-induced cPLA(2) expression and PGE(2) secretion. Prostaglandins E 137-140 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 97-105 19786147-10 2010 Pre-incubation of stigmasterol to IL-1beta-treated cells significantly decreased these effects described above (significant reduction of MMP-3 mRNA in human and mouse, MMP-3 protein in mouse, MMP-13 mRNA in mouse and human, ADAMTS-4 mRNA in human, PGE(2) protein in human and mouse) Finally, stigmasterol was capable of counteracting the IL-1beta-induced NF-kappaB pathway. Prostaglandins E 248-251 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 34-42 19579007-5 2009 RESULTS: In alginate beads and cartilage explant models, Cur inhibited the basal and the IL-1beta-stimulated NO, PGE(2), IL-6, IL-8, and MMP-3 production by human chondrocytes in a concentration-dependent manner. Prostaglandins E 113-116 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 89-97 19776509-1 2009 Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) stimulates expression of the highly inducible enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) via activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB), and consequently provokes prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) synthesis, which induces inflammatory responses. Prostaglandins E 205-208 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-17 19776509-1 2009 Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) stimulates expression of the highly inducible enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) via activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB), and consequently provokes prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) synthesis, which induces inflammatory responses. Prostaglandins E 205-208 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 19-27 19776509-6 2009 The atypical PKC (aPKC) inhibitor Go6983 clearly suppressed the formation of COX-2-NFkappaB DNA-protein complex and PGE(2) release stimulated by IL-1beta but not the inhibitor of conventional PKC (cPKC) and the novel PKC (nPKC) inhibitor Go6976. Prostaglandins E 116-119 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 145-153 19776509-7 2009 These observations suggest that aPKC is involved in IL-1beta-induced PGE(2) synthesis, which is controlled by transcription of the COX-2 gene via the NFkappaB-dependent pathway in human gingival fibroblasts. Prostaglandins E 69-72 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 52-60 19428335-3 2009 We have investigated whether HO-1 induction may modify chondrocyte viability and the production of relevant mediators such as oxidative stress and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) elicited by IL-1beta in OA chondrocytes. Prostaglandins E 167-170 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 187-195 19428335-8 2009 PGE(2) is produced in OA chondrocytes stimulated by IL-1beta by the coordinated induction of cyclooxygenase-2 and microsomal PGE synthase 1 (mPGES-1). Prostaglandins E 0-3 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 52-60 19109223-11 2009 Lipoic acid pretreatment also inhibited TNF- and IL1B-induced increases in MMP9 protein activity and release in amnion epithelial cells, as well as PGE(2) increases in both amnion epithelial and mesenchymal cells. Prostaglandins E 148-151 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 49-53 19444759-6 2009 IL-1beta treatment caused a marked dose- and time-dependent increase in the levels of PGE(2), COX-2, and EP4 as compared with the untreated control. Prostaglandins E 86-89 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-8 19444759-10 2009 IL-1beta increases the production of PGE(2), COX-2, and the PG receptor EP4 in cultured human chondrocytes. Prostaglandins E 37-40 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-8 19670527-13 2009 The former predicts, that Il-1 influences the tissue, stimulating them to the synthesis, via the cyclooxygenases (COX) activation, and release molecules such as prostaglandines (especially PGE2), which have the ability to penetrate the brain barrier. Prostaglandins E 161-176 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 26-30 18647218-7 2008 A significant correlation (r = 0.05) between IL-1 beta and PGE(2) concentrations in saliva from each group was determined. Prostaglandins E 59-62 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 45-54 18647218-8 2008 Our findings demonstrated an association between high concentrations of salivary IL-1 beta and PGE(2) and advanced stages of the disease. Prostaglandins E 95-98 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 81-90 18417374-8 2008 RESULTS: HDAC inhibition with TSA or BA resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of IL-1-induced NO and PGE(2) production. Prostaglandins E 103-106 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 83-87 18586957-2 2008 In the present study, PGE(2), forskolin, and short-acting (salbutamol) and long-acting (salmeterol and formoterol) beta(2)-adrenoceptor agonists reduced the expression of ICAM-1 and the release of GM-CSF evoked by IL-1beta in ASM cells. Prostaglandins E 22-25 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 214-222 18586957-3 2008 IL-1beta-induced IL-8 release was also repressed by PGE(2) and forskolin, whereas the beta(2)-adrenoceptor agonists were ineffective. Prostaglandins E 52-55 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-8 18759268-5 2008 RESULTS: Resveratrol inhibited both spontaneous and IL-1beta-induced PGE(2) production by >20% (P < 0.05) and by 80% (P < 0.001), respectively; similarly, LTB(4) production was reduced by >50% (P < 0.05). Prostaglandins E 69-72 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 52-60 18506884-6 2008 The mutually antagonistic relationship between IFN-gamma and PGE(2) extends to downstream cytokine and chemokine release; PGE(2) counters the effects of IFN-gamma, on the release of IP-10, IL-8, TNF-alpha and IL-1beta. Prostaglandins E 122-125 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 209-217 18598258-6 2008 In this study we report that IL-1beta did not modulate NTS synaptic transmission per se, whereas prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), which is produced downstream of IL-1beta, produced opposite effects on spontaneous and evoked release. Prostaglandins E 117-120 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 158-166 18598258-9 2008 Our data show that IL-1beta-induced PGE(2) can modulate evoked and spontaneous release in the NTS differentially through different mechanisms. Prostaglandins E 36-39 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 19-27 18456507-1 2008 15-Deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin-J(2) (15d-PGJ(2)) has potent anti-inflammatory effects including the inhibition of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta)-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production in several cell types. Prostaglandins E 197-212 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 117-134 18456507-1 2008 15-Deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin-J(2) (15d-PGJ(2)) has potent anti-inflammatory effects including the inhibition of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta)-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production in several cell types. Prostaglandins E 197-212 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 136-144 18456507-1 2008 15-Deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin-J(2) (15d-PGJ(2)) has potent anti-inflammatory effects including the inhibition of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta)-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production in several cell types. Prostaglandins E 217-220 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 117-134 18456507-1 2008 15-Deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin-J(2) (15d-PGJ(2)) has potent anti-inflammatory effects including the inhibition of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta)-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production in several cell types. Prostaglandins E 217-220 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 136-144 18456507-10 2008 Furthermore, preincubation with 15d-PGJ(2) inhibited IL-1beta-induced PGE(2) production although IL-1beta-induced COX-2 expression remained unaffected by the treatment with 15d-PGJ(2). Prostaglandins E 70-73 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 53-61 18456507-11 2008 On the contrary, PGA(2) elicited an increase in PGE(2) production and it acted synergistically with IL-1beta to enhance PGE(2) production. Prostaglandins E 120-123 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 100-108 18353001-8 2008 The most consistent result was a peak of cytokine levels at 24 h. Associations existed between prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and pain, velocity of tooth movement, and treatment mechanics. Prostaglandins E 115-118 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 127-144 18353001-8 2008 The most consistent result was a peak of cytokine levels at 24 h. Associations existed between prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and pain, velocity of tooth movement, and treatment mechanics. Prostaglandins E 115-118 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 146-154 18353001-9 2008 Interleukin-1beta and PGE(2) showed different patterns of up-regulation, with IL-1beta being more responsive to mechanical stress and PGE(2) more responsive to synergistic regulation of IL-1beta and mechanical force. Prostaglandins E 22-25 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 78-86 18353001-9 2008 Interleukin-1beta and PGE(2) showed different patterns of up-regulation, with IL-1beta being more responsive to mechanical stress and PGE(2) more responsive to synergistic regulation of IL-1beta and mechanical force. Prostaglandins E 22-25 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 186-194 18353001-9 2008 Interleukin-1beta and PGE(2) showed different patterns of up-regulation, with IL-1beta being more responsive to mechanical stress and PGE(2) more responsive to synergistic regulation of IL-1beta and mechanical force. Prostaglandins E 134-137 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-17 18353001-9 2008 Interleukin-1beta and PGE(2) showed different patterns of up-regulation, with IL-1beta being more responsive to mechanical stress and PGE(2) more responsive to synergistic regulation of IL-1beta and mechanical force. Prostaglandins E 134-137 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 186-194 18565252-16 2008 The resorption activity of the L OA cells was significantly inhibited by all treatments except IL-1Beta, with maximum effect observed with vitamin D(3) and PGE(2). Prostaglandins E 156-159 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 95-103 18382052-9 2008 CONCLUSION: IL-1 can significantly increase the concentration of NO and PGE(2), and IGF-1 can dose-dependently decrease the concentration of NO and PGE(2) in the chondrocytes supernatant in vitro. Prostaglandins E 72-75 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 12-16 18065658-10 2008 An anti-IL-1beta antibody partially (>50%) inhibited the BALF-induced HGF and PGE(2) secretion, whereas NS-398, a specific cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, completely inhibited it. Prostaglandins E 81-84 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 8-16 18065658-12 2008 Therefore, IL-1beta is a main BALF mediator involved in HGF secretion, which is mediated through a PGE(2)/COX-2-dependent mechanism. Prostaglandins E 99-102 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 11-19 17982107-9 2007 sPLA(2) expression following transfection resulted in increased IL-1beta-dependent PGHS-2 and microsomal PGE(2) synthase levels. Prostaglandins E 105-108 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 64-72 17982107-12 2007 Moreover, it is required for IL-1beta-dependent signaling to sPLA(2), the expression and activity of which are necessary for up-regulating PGE(2) synthesis in orbital fibroblasts. Prostaglandins E 139-142 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 29-37 18026701-8 2007 Furthermore, glucosamine (1 mM) inhibited the IL-1beta-induced nitric oxide and PGE(2) production (p < 0.05). Prostaglandins E 80-83 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 46-54 17690185-7 2007 Furthermore, dexamethasone inhibited IL-1beta-induced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A, KC, and prostaglandin E(2), and signaling of nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB in corneal fibroblasts in vitro. Prostaglandins E 114-129 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 37-45 17428554-8 2007 IL-1beta also decreased IP(3) production and AA release, but significantly enhanced OT mediated PGE(2) production. Prostaglandins E 96-99 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-8 17605605-6 2007 RESULTS: IL-1-GLN-CS and GLN-CS treatments decreased nitrite release, compared with IL-1 treatment; IL-1-GLN-CS treatment decreased IL-1-induced PGE(2) release. Prostaglandins E 145-148 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 9-13 17403097-11 2007 Results from COX-1 and COX-2 silencing and selective inhibition showed that both COX-1 and COX-2 were involved in the biosynthesis of PGE(2) and their relative contribution depended on the time of incubation with IL-1beta. Prostaglandins E 134-137 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 213-221 17325654-6 2007 KEY RESULTS: Stimulation of cells for 24 h with interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) is known to trigger increased PGE(2) formation which coincides with an induction of the mRNA for group-IIA-sPLA(2) and protein expression. Prostaglandins E 107-110 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 48-65 17325654-6 2007 KEY RESULTS: Stimulation of cells for 24 h with interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) is known to trigger increased PGE(2) formation which coincides with an induction of the mRNA for group-IIA-sPLA(2) and protein expression. Prostaglandins E 107-110 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 67-75 17378884-2 2007 The purposes of this molecular cross-sectional epidemiological study were to investigate relationships in a community sample between mean concentrations of IL-1beta and PGE(2) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and (1) clinical periodontal signs and (2) risk factors of host inflammatory response and/or periodontal disease. Prostaglandins E 169-172 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 156-164 17328065-5 2007 RESULTS: PGE(2) formation and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) protein expression were induced by IL-1beta and potentiated by kinins with affinity for the B1 or B2 receptors, resulting in PGE(2)-dependent enhancement of RANKL. Prostaglandins E 9-12 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 90-98 17335379-1 2007 BACKGROUND: In previous work, the cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor NS-398 inhibited interleukin (IL)-1beta-stimulated prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production almost completely while partially inhibiting IL-6 production in aggressive periodontitis (AgP) human gingival fibroblasts. Prostaglandins E 132-135 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 78-100 17335379-2 2007 PGE(2) and the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) regulate IL-1beta-stimulated IL-6 production. Prostaglandins E 0-3 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 80-88 17335379-8 2007 Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to measure PGE(2) and IL-6 production by 2.5 x 10(4) cells after exposure to IL-1beta with or without NS-398 in serum-free medium. Prostaglandins E 56-59 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 122-130 17335379-9 2007 RESULTS: Consistent with previous results, NS-398 reduced IL-1beta-stimulated PGE(2) by approximately 98% (P <0.001) and IL-6 by approximately 65% (P <0.001). Prostaglandins E 78-81 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 58-66 17046175-5 2007 We found that IL-1beta increased the expression levels of cPLA(2) and COX-2, and also increased the secretion of PGE(2). Prostaglandins E 113-116 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 14-22 17046175-10 2007 These results suggest that IL-1beta-induced catabolic action on tendon fibroblasts occurs via the upregulation of two key inflammatory mediators, cPLA(2) and COX-2, which are responsible for the synthesis of PGE(2). Prostaglandins E 208-211 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 27-35 17105783-6 2007 IL-1beta stimulated release of PGE(2) by HMSM cells and increased COX-2 and mPGES-1 mRNA and protein expression. Prostaglandins E 31-34 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-8 17085321-2 2006 Interleukin (IL)-1beta, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) all induced PGE(2) synthesis (p<0.001) and transient (5-15 min) phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Prostaglandins E 99-102 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-22 16948668-7 2006 RESULTS: Interleukin-1beta and TNF-alpha stimulate PGE(2) production of human dental pulp cells (P < 0.05). Prostaglandins E 51-54 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 9-26 16935997-7 2006 The presence of associations between the levels of PGE(2) enzyme mRNA expression and the effects of IL-1beta suggest that their expression is co-ordinated and that IL-1beta is the responsible factor. Prostaglandins E 51-54 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 100-108 16935997-7 2006 The presence of associations between the levels of PGE(2) enzyme mRNA expression and the effects of IL-1beta suggest that their expression is co-ordinated and that IL-1beta is the responsible factor. Prostaglandins E 51-54 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 164-172 16357062-11 2006 IL-1beta-stimulated HRG expression and release were also inhibited by celecoxib, and exogenous PGE(2) restored this inhibitory effect, suggesting the activation of an IL-1beta-COX-2-PGE(2) pathway that culminates in the release of HRG from fibroblasts. Prostaglandins E 95-98 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-8 16357062-11 2006 IL-1beta-stimulated HRG expression and release were also inhibited by celecoxib, and exogenous PGE(2) restored this inhibitory effect, suggesting the activation of an IL-1beta-COX-2-PGE(2) pathway that culminates in the release of HRG from fibroblasts. Prostaglandins E 95-98 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 167-175 16357062-11 2006 IL-1beta-stimulated HRG expression and release were also inhibited by celecoxib, and exogenous PGE(2) restored this inhibitory effect, suggesting the activation of an IL-1beta-COX-2-PGE(2) pathway that culminates in the release of HRG from fibroblasts. Prostaglandins E 182-185 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-8 16357062-11 2006 IL-1beta-stimulated HRG expression and release were also inhibited by celecoxib, and exogenous PGE(2) restored this inhibitory effect, suggesting the activation of an IL-1beta-COX-2-PGE(2) pathway that culminates in the release of HRG from fibroblasts. Prostaglandins E 182-185 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 167-175 16423868-1 2006 In Sertoli epithelial cells, the IL-1beta induces prostaglandins (PG) PGE(2), PGF(2alpha) and PGI(2) (7-, 11-, and 2-fold, respectively), but not PGD(2), production. Prostaglandins E 50-73 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 33-41 16423868-3 2006 IL-1beta-regulated PGE(2) and PGF(2alpha) production and cytokine expression require activation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase, as shown using specific enzyme inhibition. Prostaglandins E 19-22 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-8 16423868-5 2006 PGE(2) and PGF(2alpha) reverse COX-2-mediated inhibition of IL-1beta induction of cytokine expression and PG production. Prostaglandins E 0-3 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 60-68 16423868-11 2006 Together, the data indicate an autocrine-amplifying loop involving IL-1beta-regulated Sertoli function mediated by COX-2-induced PGE(2) and PGF(2alpha) production. Prostaglandins E 129-132 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 67-75 16307851-8 2006 PGE(2) is synergistic with IL-1beta and TNF-alpha in the induction of functional and phenotypic maturation of DC and induce IL12 p40 production. Prostaglandins E 0-3 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 27-35 16081677-12 2005 These results indicate that curcumin inhibits IL-1beta-induced PGE(2) formation by inhibiting the expression of mPGES-1 that is mediated by suppression of EGR-1 expression as well as NF-kappaB and JNK1/2. Prostaglandins E 63-66 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 46-54 15888346-10 2005 R-130823 did not affect the production of PGE(2) in spheroid culture, while the addition of R-130823 suppressed IL-1beta-induced PGE(2) synthesis in monolayer culture of SW 982 cells. Prostaglandins E 129-132 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 112-120 16141576-3 2005 These were screened for their inhibitory activity against interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta)-induced prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production in normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF). Prostaglandins E 117-120 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 58-76 16141576-3 2005 These were screened for their inhibitory activity against interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta)-induced prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production in normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF). Prostaglandins E 117-120 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 78-87 15900018-1 2005 The ability of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) to induce the major inflammatory mediator prostaglandin (PG) E(2) depends on the activation of two rate-limiting enzymes, phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). Prostaglandins E 121-141 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 50-67 15900018-1 2005 The ability of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) to induce the major inflammatory mediator prostaglandin (PG) E(2) depends on the activation of two rate-limiting enzymes, phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). Prostaglandins E 121-141 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 69-77 15914333-7 2005 Anti-IL-1beta neutralizing antibody, but not anti-TNFalpha neutralizing antibody, completely inhibited PGE(2) induction by PBMC supernatant. Prostaglandins E 103-106 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 5-13 15821150-5 2005 At low concentrations (<0.1 microM), 15d-PGJ(2) inhibited IL-1beta-stimulated prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) but not cytokine (IL-6/IL-8) production or cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression. Prostaglandins E 81-96 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 61-69 15821150-5 2005 At low concentrations (<0.1 microM), 15d-PGJ(2) inhibited IL-1beta-stimulated prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) but not cytokine (IL-6/IL-8) production or cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression. Prostaglandins E 101-104 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 61-69 15821150-7 2005 At higher concentrations (1-10 microM), 15d-PGJ(2) inhibited IL-1beta-stimulated PGE(2) and cytokine production and COX-2 expression, and this effect was not blocked by GW9662. Prostaglandins E 81-84 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 61-69 15821150-9 2005 The PPAR-delta ligand GW501516 also inhibited IL-1beta-stimulated PGE(2) production but only at high concentrations (1 microM). Prostaglandins E 66-69 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 46-54 15862289-2 2005 IL-1beta and TGFbeta induced cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2 protein and increased prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)). Prostaglandins E 95-98 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-8 15652448-5 2005 Further, IL-1beta stimulated HGF to produce IL-6, IL-8, PGE(2) and MMP-1 via activation of the 3 MAPKs and NF-kappaB, as inhibitors of each MAPK and NF-kappaB significantly suppressed the production of IL-1beta-stimulated factors, though these pathways might also play distinct roles in IL-1beta activities. Prostaglandins E 56-59 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 9-17 15652448-6 2005 Our results strongly suggest that the MAPKs/AP-1 and IKK/IkappaB/NF-kappaB cascades cooperatively mediate the IL-1beta-stimulated synthesis of IL-6, IL-8, PGE(2) and MMP-1 in HGF. Prostaglandins E 155-158 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 110-118 15640521-4 2005 IL-1beta promoted the elaboration of G-CSF, which was augmented by PGE(2). Prostaglandins E 67-70 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-8 15471850-4 2004 In this study, we have shown that treatment of rat islets with IL-1beta or human islets with a cytokine mixture containing IL-1beta + IFN-gamma +/- TNF-alpha stimulates COX-2 expression and PGE(2) formation in a time-dependent manner. Prostaglandins E 190-193 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 123-131 15329330-3 2004 It was previously demonstrated that EGF could potentiate IL-1beta-driven PGE(2) production in amnion and amnion-derived (WISH) cells. Prostaglandins E 73-76 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 57-65 15361371-7 2004 RESULTS: PGE(2) significantly inhibited IL1beta induced MCP-1 expression in SF in a dose dependent manner. Prostaglandins E 9-12 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 40-47 15361371-12 2004 Inhibition of endogenous PGE(2) synthesis by NSAIDs further enhanced MCP-1 mRNA expression in IL1beta stimulated SF, an effect prevented by addition of exogenous PGE(2). Prostaglandins E 25-28 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 94-101 15361371-12 2004 Inhibition of endogenous PGE(2) synthesis by NSAIDs further enhanced MCP-1 mRNA expression in IL1beta stimulated SF, an effect prevented by addition of exogenous PGE(2). Prostaglandins E 162-165 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 94-101 15450530-8 2004 IL-1beta highly stimulated *NO, IL-8, IL-6, MIP-1beta and PGE(2) synthesis but decreased AGG and TGF-beta1 production. Prostaglandins E 58-61 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-8 15450530-11 2004 At 1-10ng/ml, OSM significantly decreased IL-1beta-stimulated IL-8, MIP-1beta, PGE(2) and *NO production but amplified IL-1beta stimulating effect on IL-6 production. Prostaglandins E 79-82 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 42-50 15457451-7 2004 Incubation with IL-1beta markedly increased mPGES-1 mRNA and protein in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner, in parallel with an increase in PGE(2) levels. Prostaglandins E 45-48 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 16-24 15266025-9 2004 We conclude that the induction of MUC5AC by IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, PAF, and LPS involves COX-2- generated PGE(2), activation of EP2 and/or EP4 receptor(s), and cAMP-PKA-mediated signaling. Prostaglandins E 104-107 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 44-52 15156569-6 2004 On the other hand, in the HGF pre-stimulated with interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), PDGF clearly increased PGE(2) release. Prostaglandins E 103-106 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 50-67 15156569-6 2004 On the other hand, in the HGF pre-stimulated with interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), PDGF clearly increased PGE(2) release. Prostaglandins E 103-106 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 69-77 15156569-8 2004 In the HGF pretreated with IL-1beta, arachidonic acid strongly enhanced PGE(2) release and COX-2 mRNA expression. Prostaglandins E 72-75 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 27-35 15196696-6 2004 By the addition of an NO donor together with IL-1beta, PGE(2) formation could be stimulated from iNOS -/- islets. Prostaglandins E 55-58 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 45-53 15067222-5 2004 IL-1beta-induced COX-2 expression and PGE(2) synthesis were also inhibited by an inhibitor of MEK1/2 (PD98059) and inhibitors of p38 MAPK (SB203580 and SB202190), respectively, suggesting the involvement of p42/p44 and p38 MAPKs in these responses. Prostaglandins E 38-41 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-8 15067222-8 2004 IL-1beta-induced COX-2 expression and PGE(2) synthesis were inhibited by the NF-kappaB inhibitor pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate. Prostaglandins E 38-42 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-8 15067222-9 2004 These findings suggest that the expression of COX-2 is correlated with the release of PGE(2) from IL-1beta-challenged HTSMCs, which is mediated, at least in part, through p42/p44 and p38 MAPKs and NF-kappaB signaling pathways in HTSMCs. Prostaglandins E 86-89 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 98-106 15077295-9 2004 We demonstrated that selective COX-2 inhibitors prevent the induction of PGE(2) by both CRH and IL-1 beta. Prostaglandins E 73-76 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 96-105 15023863-4 2004 IL-1 beta evoked the release of GM-CSF from HASM cells, which was suppressed by PGE(2), 16,16-dimethyl PGE(2) (nonselective), misoprostol (EP(2)/EP(3)-selective), ONO-AE1-259 and butaprost (both EP(2)-selective) with pIC(50) values of 8.61, 7.13, 5.64, 8.79 and 5.43, respectively. Prostaglandins E 80-83 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-9 14989826-5 2004 (2) The concentration of PGE(2) released by HPEC treated with 5 and 10 mg/L of IL-1beta [(20.86 +/- 5.23) x 10(-6) g/L, (31.16 +/- 2.64) x 10(-6) g/L, respectively] was significantly higher than that in the control group (10.49 +/- 0.36) x 10(-6) g/L (P < 0.05, respectively). Prostaglandins E 25-28 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 79-87 14989826-7 2004 (4) The concentration of PGE(2) released by HPEC treated with 0.10, 0.25 and 0.50 mmol/L of H(2)O(2) in the presence of IL-1beta [(27.01 +/- 5.16) x 10(-6) g/L, (32.79 +/- 3.01) x 10(-6) g/L, (41.13 +/- 3.41) x 10(-6) g/L, respectively] was significantly higher than that in the control group (10.49 +/- 0.36) x 10(-6) g/L (P < 0.05, respectively). Prostaglandins E 25-28 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 120-128 14989826-8 2004 The concentration of PGE(2) released by cells treated with 0.25 or 0.50 mmol/L of H(2)O(2) in the presence of IL-1beta was significantly higher than that in the cells treated with IL-1beta alone (20.86 +/- 5.23) x 10(-6) g/L (P < 0.05, respectively). Prostaglandins E 21-24 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 110-118 14989826-8 2004 The concentration of PGE(2) released by cells treated with 0.25 or 0.50 mmol/L of H(2)O(2) in the presence of IL-1beta was significantly higher than that in the cells treated with IL-1beta alone (20.86 +/- 5.23) x 10(-6) g/L (P < 0.05, respectively). Prostaglandins E 21-24 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 180-188 14647459-4 2003 OVCAR-3 cells showed a constitutive expression of COX-1 and an induction of high levels of COX-2 and PGE(2) after stimulation with interleukin-1beta. Prostaglandins E 101-104 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 131-148 14595579-5 2003 Treatment of amnion cells with IL-1beta (0.01-10 ng/mL) resulted in a significant increase in PGE(2) release. Prostaglandins E 94-97 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 31-39 14595579-6 2003 Incubation of the cells with the extract for 24 h significantly inhibited IL-1beta-induced PGE(2) production. Prostaglandins E 91-94 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 74-82 14558087-10 2003 IL-1beta-induced PGES activity, measured by conversion of PGH(2) to PGE(2), was decreased by rofecoxib. Prostaglandins E 17-20 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-8 12794822-10 2003 CONCLUSION: Tau-Cl inhibits IL-1beta-triggered elevation of COX-2 and generation of PGE(2) by RA FLS. Prostaglandins E 84-87 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 28-36 12730964-5 2003 Enhanced PGE(2) production by OSM and IL-1beta treatment is explained by their effect on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), an enzyme that catalyzes the committed step in PGE(2) synthesis. Prostaglandins E 9-12 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 38-46 12730964-5 2003 Enhanced PGE(2) production by OSM and IL-1beta treatment is explained by their effect on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), an enzyme that catalyzes the committed step in PGE(2) synthesis. Prostaglandins E 162-165 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 38-46 12730964-9 2003 SB202190 and U0126, inhibitors of p38 MAPK and ERK1/2 activation, respectively, inhibit IL-1beta and OSM upregulation of COX-2 and PGE(2), indicating that these MAPK cascades are utilized by both stimuli. Prostaglandins E 131-134 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 88-96 12730964-10 2003 This mechanism of PGE(2) amplification may be active in brain pathologies where both OSM and IL-1beta are present, such as glioblastomas and multiple sclerosis. Prostaglandins E 18-21 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 93-101 12788874-3 2003 We observed a significant increase in prostaglandin (PG)release after IL-1 beta treatment; the cytokine was more effective on PGE(2) than PGF(2 alpha) release. Prostaglandins E 126-129 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 70-79 12639911-2 2003 PGE(2) and PGF(2alpha) potently reverse indomethacin (INDO; a cyclooxygenase inhibitor) inhibition of IL-1beta autoinduction. Prostaglandins E 0-3 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 102-110 12639911-3 2003 IL-1beta increases PGE(2) and PGF(2alpha) production. Prostaglandins E 19-22 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-8 12639911-5 2003 Pharmacological characterization of receptors involved in PGE(2) and PGF(2alpha) regulation of IL-1beta mRNA levels was ascertained using real-time PCR analyses. Prostaglandins E 58-61 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 95-103 12639911-13 2003 Taken together, our data demonstrate that FP and EP(1) receptors mediate PGF(2alpha) and PGE(2) induction of progenitor IL-1beta expression. Prostaglandins E 89-92 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 120-128 12667652-2 2003 Onset of the behavioral syndrome was associated with the onset of brain infiltration, as well as mRNA expression of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and elevated production of interleukin 1 beta protein and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)). Prostaglandins E 269-272 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 218-236 12568957-11 2003 Induction of PGE(2) was detectable at 10 pM IL-1 beta. Prostaglandins E 13-16 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 44-53 12527330-7 2003 IL-1beta increased IL-6, IL-8, MIP-1beta, NO, PGE(2) and MMP-3 productions, but inhibited AGG and TIMP-1 synthesis. Prostaglandins E 46-49 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-8 12527330-8 2003 Rhein partially reversed the effect of IL-1beta on TIMP-1 and NO production, had no effect on AGG, IL-6 and MIP-1beta production, but up-regulated the IL-1beta stimulated PGE(2) production. Prostaglandins E 171-174 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 151-159 12517972-4 2003 Indeed, PGE(2) also induced and enhanced IL-1beta-induced COX-2 expression. Prostaglandins E 8-11 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 41-49 12529415-3 2003 IL-1beta (1 ng/ml) induced the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein 6 h after treatment, accompanied by a 7.5-fold increase in PGE(2) production. Prostaglandins E 137-140 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-8 12529415-4 2003 We confirmed that NS398, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, dose-dependently blocked PGE(2) augmentation following IL-1beta treatment. Prostaglandins E 79-82 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 109-117 12529415-7 2003 In conclusion, these findings indicate that IL-1beta not only induced GAG synthesis by increasing COX-2 protein expression and the subsequent PGE(2) production but also enhanced the responsiveness of cervical fibroblasts to PGE(2) by selectively up-regulating EP(4) receptor mRNA expression. Prostaglandins E 142-145 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 44-52 12529415-7 2003 In conclusion, these findings indicate that IL-1beta not only induced GAG synthesis by increasing COX-2 protein expression and the subsequent PGE(2) production but also enhanced the responsiveness of cervical fibroblasts to PGE(2) by selectively up-regulating EP(4) receptor mRNA expression. Prostaglandins E 224-227 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 44-52 12444300-6 2003 Moreover, TAC-101 inhibited the IL-1beta-induced PGE(2) production by MG-63 cells, human osteoblast-like cells, through the suppression of cyclooxygenase II mRNA expression. Prostaglandins E 49-52 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 32-40 12550106-8 2002 Likewise, interleukin (IL)-1beta concentration was decreased to 60%, 30% and 40% by 10(-6)M PGE(1), PGE(2) and PGE(3), respectively. Prostaglandins E 92-95 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 10-32 12550106-8 2002 Likewise, interleukin (IL)-1beta concentration was decreased to 60%, 30% and 40% by 10(-6)M PGE(1), PGE(2) and PGE(3), respectively. Prostaglandins E 100-103 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 10-32 12550106-8 2002 Likewise, interleukin (IL)-1beta concentration was decreased to 60%, 30% and 40% by 10(-6)M PGE(1), PGE(2) and PGE(3), respectively. Prostaglandins E 100-103 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 10-32 12550106-11 2002 CONCLUSIONS: PGE inhibit lipopolysaccharide-stimulated TNF-alpha and IL-1beta production in human whole blood cultures. Prostaglandins E 13-16 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 69-77 12466348-2 2002 They trigger an increase in proinflammatory cytokines, in particular IL-1beta, that induces a cascade of events resulting in the production of potent effectors of myometrial contractility, such as the prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)). Prostaglandins E 221-224 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 69-77 12417253-3 2002 Pretreatment of cells with sphondin (10-50 microM) concentration-dependently attenuated IL-1beta-induced COX-2 protein expression and PGE(2) release. Prostaglandins E 134-137 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 88-96 12495545-17 2002 Accordingly, PGE(2) at sufficiently high plasma concentrations enhances cellular survival by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha and IL-1beta. Prostaglandins E 13-16 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 153-161 12391274-5 2002 These results suggest a role for PGE(2) in IL-1beta-induced mucin synthesis in NCI-H292 cells. Prostaglandins E 33-36 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 43-51 12391274-9 2002 Furthermore, the addition of PGE(2) to cells overcame the inhibitory effects of both MAPK inhibitors in IL-1beta-induced mucin production. Prostaglandins E 29-32 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 104-112 12435328-3 2002 The addition of 15d-PGJ(2) completely blocked (by 93%) the IL-1beta-induced PGE(2) synthesis, whereas COX-2 level was only partially reduced (by 72%). Prostaglandins E 76-79 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 59-67 12374621-3 2002 Stimulation of human chondrocytes with IL-1 beta (5 ng/ml) for 24 h resulted in significantly enhanced production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) when compared to untreated controls (p <.001). Prostaglandins E 159-162 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 39-48 12225948-3 2002 Bradykinin, transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) increased inducible COX-2 expression and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) release. Prostaglandins E 132-147 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 62-79 12225948-3 2002 Bradykinin, transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) increased inducible COX-2 expression and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) release. Prostaglandins E 132-147 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 81-89 12225948-3 2002 Bradykinin, transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) increased inducible COX-2 expression and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) release. Prostaglandins E 152-155 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 62-79 12225948-3 2002 Bradykinin, transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) increased inducible COX-2 expression and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) release. Prostaglandins E 152-155 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 81-89 12193665-7 2002 In IL-1 beta-treated hCMVEC, a shift toward PGE(2) as the major vasodilator product of the COX pathway was observed. Prostaglandins E 44-47 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 3-12 12124863-6 2002 RESULTS: IL-1 beta induced robust expression of COX-2 and PGE(2) in OA meniscus, synovial membrane, and osteophytic fibrocartilage explants, whereas low levels were produced in OA articular cartilage. Prostaglandins E 58-61 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 9-18 12124863-9 2002 Dexamethasone, neutralizing IL-1 beta antibody, or the selective COX-2 inhibitor, SC-236, attenuated both the IL-1 beta-induced PGE(2) production and cartilage proteoglycan degradation in these cocultures. Prostaglandins E 128-131 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 110-119 12124863-11 2002 CONCLUSION: IL-1 beta-induced production of COX-2 protein and PGE(2) was low in OA articular cartilage compared with that in the other OA tissues examined. Prostaglandins E 62-65 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 12-21 12124863-12 2002 IL-1 beta-mediated degradation of cartilage proteoglycans in OA synovial membrane-cartilage cocultures was blocked by the selective COX-2 inhibitor, SC-236, and the effect of SC-236 was reversed by the addition of exogenous PGE(2). Prostaglandins E 224-227 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-9 12124863-13 2002 Our data suggest that induction of synovial COX-2-produced PGE(2) is one mechanism by which IL-1 beta modulates cartilage proteoglycan degradation in OA. Prostaglandins E 59-62 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 92-101 12107235-3 2002 COX-2 mRNA, protein, and PGE(2) levels in IL-1beta-treated ESC were decreased by a PKA inhibitor, a nuclear factor (NF-kappaB) inhibitor, and an ERK1/2 inhibitor, but not by a p38 MAPK inhibitor or a PKC inhibitor, suggesting the possible involvement of PKA, NF-kappaB, and/or the ERK1/2 signaling pathway(s) in IL-1beta-mediated COX-2 gene induction in ESC. Prostaglandins E 25-28 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 42-50 12097485-11 2002 Treatment of the cocultures with IL-1beta or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) results in production of PGE(2) and OSM. Prostaglandins E 110-113 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 33-41 12097485-12 2002 PGE(2) produced in the cocultures is responsible for OSM induction, because pretreatment with indomethacin, an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis, as well as depletion of PGE(2), abrogate OSM expression induced by IL-1beta or TNF-alpha. Prostaglandins E 0-3 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 216-224 12113880-8 2002 CONCLUSION: Interferon gamma acts as a partial antagonist of IL-1 signaling in this cell model at a site upstream from the activation of the NF-kappaB pathway, causing a partial inhibition of COX-2 expression and PGE(2) production. Prostaglandins E 213-216 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 61-65 12050211-9 2002 A combination of (Bt)(2)cAMP, 3-isobutyl-1-myethylxanthine, and PGE(2), known as inducers of promoter II-driven transcription, also increased aromatase activity, but the increases found were smaller than that induced by dexamethasone and IL-1beta. Prostaglandins E 64-67 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 238-246 12126649-0 2002 Osteoprotegerin levels increased by interleukin-1beta in human periodontal ligament cells are suppressed through prostaglandin E(2) synthesized de novo. Prostaglandins E 113-128 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 36-53 12126649-4 2002 In the present study, we examined the involvement of PGE(2) in IL-1beta-induced increases in OPG levels in human periodontal ligament cells (HPL cells) in an effort to clarify apparently conflicting IL-1beta actions on bone resorption and understand IL-1beta-induced increases in secretion of OPG and PGE(2) in HPL cells. Prostaglandins E 53-56 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 63-71 12126649-4 2002 In the present study, we examined the involvement of PGE(2) in IL-1beta-induced increases in OPG levels in human periodontal ligament cells (HPL cells) in an effort to clarify apparently conflicting IL-1beta actions on bone resorption and understand IL-1beta-induced increases in secretion of OPG and PGE(2) in HPL cells. Prostaglandins E 301-304 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 63-71 12126649-10 2002 These findings suggest that the increase in OPG levels induced by IL-1beta in HPL cells is suppressed through PGE(2) synthesized de novo. Prostaglandins E 110-113 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 66-74 12010778-14 2002 These results suggest that endogenous PGE(2) regulates the production of IL-6, M-CSF, and VEGF by IL-1beta-stimulated human synovial fibroblasts through the activation of EP(2) and EP(4) receptors with increase in cyclic AMP. Prostaglandins E 38-41 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 98-106 11854442-3 2002 We found that the stimulation of WISH cells with interleukin (IL)-1 beta elicited dose-dependent synthesis of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA, protein, and their products, PGE(2). Prostaglandins E 170-173 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 49-72 11882577-1 2002 Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), a proinflammatory cytokine, induces cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in cultured neonatal ventricular myocytes (NVMs), resulting in the preferential production of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)). Prostaglandins E 205-208 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-17 11882577-1 2002 Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), a proinflammatory cytokine, induces cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in cultured neonatal ventricular myocytes (NVMs), resulting in the preferential production of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)). Prostaglandins E 205-208 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 19-27 11750956-4 2002 RESULTS: IL-1beta and TNF-alpha both stimulated production of PGE(2) and 6-keto-PGF(1alpha) in a concentration-dependent manner. Prostaglandins E 62-65 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 9-17 11717138-9 2001 Taken together, these findings suggest that the stimulatory effect of IL-1beta on PGS-2 expression is 1) independent of nitric oxide as well as ceramide, 2) dependent on prostaglandin E(2), 3) contingent on de novo protein biosynthesis, and 4) accounted for by both increased transcription and message stabilization. Prostaglandins E 170-185 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 70-78 11509550-3 2001 TNF-alpha alone, at concentrations up to 10 ng/ml, had no effect on COX-2 protein expression; at concentrations as low as 0.1 ng/ml, it significantly enhanced the ability of IL-1 beta (0.2 ng/ml) to induce COX-2 and to increase PGE(2) release. Prostaglandins E 228-231 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 174-183 11509550-8 2001 Our results indicate that low concentrations of IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha synergize to promote beta-adrenergic hyporesponsiveness and that effects on COX-2 expression and PGE(2) are responsible for these events. Prostaglandins E 169-172 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 48-57 11478777-0 2001 Dynamic compression inhibits the synthesis of nitric oxide and PGE(2) by IL-1beta-stimulated chondrocytes cultured in agarose constructs. Prostaglandins E 63-66 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 73-81 11478777-1 2001 Both mechanical loading and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) are known to regulate metabolic processes in articular cartilage through pathways mediated by nitric oxide ((*)NO) and PGE(2). Prostaglandins E 176-179 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 28-45 11478777-1 2001 Both mechanical loading and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) are known to regulate metabolic processes in articular cartilage through pathways mediated by nitric oxide ((*)NO) and PGE(2). Prostaglandins E 176-179 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 47-55 11478777-2 2001 This study uses a well-characterized model system involving isolated chondrocytes cultured in agarose constructs to test the hypothesis that dynamic compression alters the synthesis of (*)NO and PGE(2) by IL-1beta-stimulated articular chondrocytes. Prostaglandins E 195-198 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 205-213 11478777-3 2001 The data presented demonstrate for the first time that dynamic compression counteracts the effects of IL-1beta on articular chondrocytes by suppressing both (*)NO and PGE(2) synthesis. Prostaglandins E 167-170 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 102-110 11509336-2 2001 In the current study, we evaluated the hypothesis that a number of inflammatory factors, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1 beta, and interferon (IFN)-gamma, modulate this process by induction of prostaglandin (PG) E(2) and nitric oxide (NO) production and that these secondary mediators function in an autocrine or paracrine manner to modulate contraction. Prostaglandins E 225-245 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 134-157 11509336-7 2001 PGE(2) production was increased by TNF-alpha (5.0 versus 0.16 ng/ml, P < 0.01), IL-1 beta (5.3 versus 0.16 ng/ml, P < 0.01), and cytomix (5.9 versus 0.16 ng/ml, P < 0.01), and was completely inhibited by indomethacin. Prostaglandins E 0-3 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 83-92 11418684-6 2001 The detected mPGES protein was catalytically functional as indicated by a 3-fold increase of PGES activity in synoviocytes following treatment with IL-1beta; this increased synthase activity was limited to the microsomal fraction. Prostaglandins E 14-18 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 148-156 11350802-9 2001 IL-6 did increase IL-1beta-induced PGE(2) formation in unstimulated cells but not in cells stimulated with arachidonic acid (AA; 10(-5) M), suggesting that IL-6 effects were mediated at the level of AA release. Prostaglandins E 35-38 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 18-26 11350802-11 2001 In addition, OSM and IL-1beta synergistically cause COX-2 expression and PGE(2) release. Prostaglandins E 73-76 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 21-29 11171589-6 2001 The induction of PGHS-2 and PGE(2) synthesis by IL-1beta could be blocked by glucocorticoid treatment. Prostaglandins E 28-31 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 48-56 11282781-8 2001 Here, we have demonstrated that IL-1beta desensitizes H(1)R, which involves the activation of p38 MAPK and NF-kappaB, leading to the expression of cox-2 and the synthesis of PGE(2). Prostaglandins E 174-177 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 32-40 11112151-2 2000 Treatment with exogenous PGE(2) resulted in enhanced expression of IL-1 beta-induced COX-2 protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) as compared with the effect of the cytokine per se. Prostaglandins E 25-28 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 67-76 11112151-6 2000 PGE(2) increased adenylate cyclase activity in a concentration dependent manner, and forskolin, a direct activator of adenylate cyclase, caused a marked increase in IL-1 beta-dependent COX-2, suggesting the existence of a causal relationship between the two events. Prostaglandins E 0-3 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 165-174 11053030-5 2000 SB-203580 had no effect on PGE(2) release in control cells but caused a significant (70-80%) reduction in PGE(2) release in IL-1 beta-treated cells. Prostaglandins E 106-109 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 124-133 11063815-5 2000 Incubation with human recombinant IL-1beta (100 ng/ml) also stimulated NO and IL-6 release to a similar extent to LPS, but IL-1beta (1 or 100 ng/ml) caused only modest increases (approximately seven-fold) in PGE(2) release. Prostaglandins E 208-211 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 34-42 11063815-7 2000 These results indicate that exogenous IL-1beta induces release of NO, PGE(2) and IL-6 in mixed glial cultures, and that endogenous IL-1beta mediates inflammatory actions of LPS on NO and to a lesser extent IL-6, but not on PGE(2) release in mixed glial cultures. Prostaglandins E 70-73 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 38-46 11063815-7 2000 These results indicate that exogenous IL-1beta induces release of NO, PGE(2) and IL-6 in mixed glial cultures, and that endogenous IL-1beta mediates inflammatory actions of LPS on NO and to a lesser extent IL-6, but not on PGE(2) release in mixed glial cultures. Prostaglandins E 223-226 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 131-139 11069732-8 2000 RESULTS: As expected, IL-1 beta highly stimulated NO, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1ra, PGE(2)and stromelysin synthesis, but dramatically decreased PG production. Prostaglandins E 81-84 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 22-31 11069732-13 2000 As previously reported, the inhibition of NO synthesis by the competitive inhibitor L-NMMA led to enhancement of IL-6, IL-8 and PGE(2)production by IL-1 beta treated chondrocytes, but did not significantly modify IL-10, PG and MMP-3 productions. Prostaglandins E 128-131 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 148-157 11069732-15 2000 CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that IFN gamma and IL-1 synergistically stimulate the production of IL-6, IL-1ra, NO and PGE(2)and inhibit PG synthesis. Prostaglandins E 125-128 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 55-59 11000126-7 2000 Antibodies to interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha blocked the monocyte inhibitory effect and reduced the amount of PGE(2) produced. Prostaglandins E 129-132 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 14-63 11015296-2 2000 In other tissues, oncostatin M (OSM), a potent inducer of epithelial antiproteases, has also been shown to interact with IL-1beta to stimulate PGE(2) release. Prostaglandins E 143-146 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 121-129 11015296-5 2000 Cells treated with a mixture of IL-1beta, IFNgamma and LPS for 48 h produced a 9 fold increase in PGE(2) and a 3 fold increase in NO levels (both P<0.05). Prostaglandins E 98-101 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 32-40 10988243-5 2000 Resting SMCs and SMCs stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), interleukin (IL)-1beta, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha formed PGE(2) and PGI(2) (evaluated as 6-oxo-PGF(1alpha)), and in the presence of SnCl(2) only a small amount of PGE(2) was deviated toward PGF(2alpha). Prostaglandins E 172-175 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 103-125 10991918-6 2000 AACOCF(3), HELSS, MAFP and PACOCF(3) significantly inhibited both EGF and IL-1beta stimulated (3)H-AA and PGE(2) release as well as cell proliferation. Prostaglandins E 106-109 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 74-82 10991918-7 2000 Apigenin and PD 98509 significantly inhibited both EGF and IL-1beta stimulated (3)H-AA and PGE(2) release and cell proliferation whereas, SB 203580 had no significant effect on EGF or IL-1beta stimulated (3)H-AA release, or cell proliferation but significantly suppressed EGF or IL-1beta stimulated PGE(2) release. Prostaglandins E 91-94 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 59-67 10930295-3 2000 The main metabolites after stimulation with IL-1beta, PMA or A(23187)were PGE(2), an unidentified PG and LTB(4), while TNF stimulated HETE-production. Prostaglandins E 74-77 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 44-52 10896792-2 2000 IL-1 induced a 5-fold increase in PGE(2) production compared to controls. Prostaglandins E 34-37 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-4 10896792-3 2000 While treatment with FGF-1 alone did not affect PGE(2) biosynthesis, it enhanced the formation of PGE(2) by IL-1 by an additional 3- to 5-fold. Prostaglandins E 98-101 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 108-112 10896792-4 2000 IL-1-induced PGE(2) biosynthesis accompanied increases in steady-state levels of mRNAs encoding cPLA(2) (10- to 15-fold) and PGHS-2 (>3-fold) and concomitant increases in cPLA(2) protein (>3-fold) and PGHS-2 protein (>1. Prostaglandins E 13-16 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-4 10896792-11 2000 The decreased PGE(2) induction by IL-1 in confluent cultures was associated with reduced IL-1 receptor expression. Prostaglandins E 14-17 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 34-38 10896792-11 2000 The decreased PGE(2) induction by IL-1 in confluent cultures was associated with reduced IL-1 receptor expression. Prostaglandins E 14-17 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 89-93 10873632-12 2000 Additional enhancement of IL-1beta production was observed in the combination of PGE(1) and 15d-PGJ(2). Prostaglandins E 81-84 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 26-34 10903976-7 2000 PD09059, UO126 and SB203580 prevented IL-1beta-induced PGE(2) release at doses that correlated closely with published IC(50) values. Prostaglandins E 55-58 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 38-46 10903976-13 2000 In contrast, UO126 was highly effective at inhibiting IL-1beta-dependent arachidonate release, implicating MEK2 in the activation of the PLA(2) that is involved in IL-1beta-dependent PGE(2) release. Prostaglandins E 183-186 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 54-62 10903976-13 2000 In contrast, UO126 was highly effective at inhibiting IL-1beta-dependent arachidonate release, implicating MEK2 in the activation of the PLA(2) that is involved in IL-1beta-dependent PGE(2) release. Prostaglandins E 183-186 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 164-172 10843735-1 2000 Interleukin (IL-)1 stimulates prostaglandin E(2)(PGE(2)) generation in fibroblasts, and preferential couplings between particular phospholipase A(2)(PLA(2)) and cyclooxygenase (COX) isozymes are implicated with IL-1-induced delayed PGE(2)generation. Prostaglandins E 49-52 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-18 10843735-1 2000 Interleukin (IL-)1 stimulates prostaglandin E(2)(PGE(2)) generation in fibroblasts, and preferential couplings between particular phospholipase A(2)(PLA(2)) and cyclooxygenase (COX) isozymes are implicated with IL-1-induced delayed PGE(2)generation. Prostaglandins E 232-235 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-18 10843735-3 2000 These human fibroblasts constitutively expressed cytosolic PLA(2)(cPLA(2)) and COX-1 enzymes, and exhibited delayed PGE(2)generation in response to IL-1beta. Prostaglandins E 116-119 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 148-156 10843735-5 2000 A COX-2 inhibitor and cPLA(2)inhibitor markedly suppressed the IL-1beta-induced delayed PGE(2)generation, while a type IIA sPLA(2)inhibitor failed to affect it. Prostaglandins E 88-91 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 63-71 10843735-6 2000 IFN-gamma and IL-4 dramatically inhibited the IL-1beta-induced delayed PGE(2)generation; these cytokines apparently suppressed IL-1beta-stimulated COX-2 expression and only weakly suppressed cPLA(2)expression in response to IL-1beta. Prostaglandins E 71-74 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 46-54 10843735-7 2000 These results indicate that IL-1beta-induced delayed PGE(2)generation in these human fibroblasts mainly depends on de novo induction of COX-2 and cPLA(2), irrespective of the constitutive presence of COX-1, and that IFN-gamma and IL-4 inhibit IL-1beta-induced delayed PGE(2)generation by suppressing, predominantly, COX-2 expression. Prostaglandins E 53-56 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 28-36 10843735-7 2000 These results indicate that IL-1beta-induced delayed PGE(2)generation in these human fibroblasts mainly depends on de novo induction of COX-2 and cPLA(2), irrespective of the constitutive presence of COX-1, and that IFN-gamma and IL-4 inhibit IL-1beta-induced delayed PGE(2)generation by suppressing, predominantly, COX-2 expression. Prostaglandins E 268-271 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 28-36 10812056-5 2000 NS-398, a specific inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2, inhibited not only interleukin-1beta-induced prostaglandin E(2) release but also bradykinin-induced prostaglandin E(2) release in the human gingival fibroblasts pretreated with interleukin-1beta. Prostaglandins E 95-110 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 69-86 10812056-6 2000 Transcriptional and translational inhibitors such as actinomycin D, cycloheximide, and dexamethasone also suppressed the interleukin-1beta-induced prostaglandin E(2) release and the bradykinin-induced prostaglandin E(2) release in interleukin-1beta-pretreated human gingival fibroblasts. Prostaglandins E 147-162 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 121-138 10812056-6 2000 Transcriptional and translational inhibitors such as actinomycin D, cycloheximide, and dexamethasone also suppressed the interleukin-1beta-induced prostaglandin E(2) release and the bradykinin-induced prostaglandin E(2) release in interleukin-1beta-pretreated human gingival fibroblasts. Prostaglandins E 147-162 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 231-248 10699967-2 2000 We found that IL-1beta induced a large decrease in MeAIB uptake by human osteoarthritic synovial cells and a concomitant increase in prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) synthesis. Prostaglandins E 153-156 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 14-22 10699967-5 2000 To identify the enzymes involved in the IL-1beta-mediated synthesis of PGE(2) that inhibits MeAIB uptake, we studied the expression of secreted (s) and cytosolic (c) phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)). Prostaglandins E 71-74 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 40-48 10699967-8 2000 Our results suggest that the PLA(2) involved in the IL-1beta-mediated synthesis of PGE(2) was sPLA(2). Prostaglandins E 83-86 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 52-60 10699967-11 2000 The Il-1beta-induced inhibition of MeAIB uptake in human osteoarthritic synovial cells thus seems to be essentially mediated by PGE(2) production via the activation of sPLA(2) and the partial activation of COX-2. Prostaglandins E 128-131 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 4-12 10681439-4 2000 In the same cultures, IL-1beta induced a 12-fold increase in PGE(2). Prostaglandins E 61-64 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 22-30 10681439-5 2000 Although IL-1beta-induced IL-8 synthesis was augmented 3-fold by IL-18, IL-18 suppressed IL-1beta-induced PGE(2) production by 40%. Prostaglandins E 106-109 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 89-97 10681439-7 2000 Consistent with these observations, IL-12, a known inducer of IFN-gamma, augmented IL-1beta-induced IFN-gamma but suppressed IL-1beta-induced PGE(2) by 75%. Prostaglandins E 142-145 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 125-133 10671814-3 2000 Under a serum-free culture condition, an increase in PGE(2) production by IL-1alpha and IL-1beta was observed at concentrations of 10 and 100 ng/ml compared to control cultures. Prostaglandins E 53-56 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 88-96 10642306-9 2000 When neonatal ventricular myocytes were treated with 10 micromol/L BEL, both IL-1beta-stimulated PGE(2) production and arachidonic acid release were inhibited. Prostaglandins E 97-100 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 77-85 10617676-3 2000 The tyrosine kinase inhibitors (genistein and tyrphostin AG126) and phosphatidylcholine-phospholipase C inhibitor (D-609) prevented IL-1beta-induced prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) release and COX-2 expression, whereas U-73122 (a phosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C inhibitor) and propranolol (a phosphatidate phosphohydrolase inhibitor) had no effect. Prostaglandins E 169-172 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 132-140 10617676-4 2000 The PKC inhibitors (Go 6976 and Ro 31-8220) and NF-kappaB inhibitor, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, also attenuated IL-1beta-induced PGE(2) release and COX-2 expression. Prostaglandins E 131-134 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 114-122 10617676-10 2000 These results indicate that in human pulmonary epithelial cells, IL-1beta might activate phosphatidylcholine-phospholipase C through an upstream tyrosine phosphorylation to elicit PKC activation, which in turn initiates NF-kappaB activation, and finally induces COX-2 expression and PGE(2) release. Prostaglandins E 283-286 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 65-73 10559138-6 1999 When the cells were stimulated with interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) release into the medium was significantly greater from moyamoya SMCs than from control SMCs, whereas the amounts of prostacyclin and thromboxane B(2) did not differ. Prostaglandins E 86-89 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 36-53 10559138-6 1999 When the cells were stimulated with interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) release into the medium was significantly greater from moyamoya SMCs than from control SMCs, whereas the amounts of prostacyclin and thromboxane B(2) did not differ. Prostaglandins E 86-89 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 55-63 10559138-7 1999 IL-1beta-induced PGE(2) production by moyamoya SMCs was completely blocked by the addition of indomethacin or NS-398. Prostaglandins E 17-20 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-8 10564178-9 1999 Consistent with these observations, IL-1beta-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression was virtually abolished by FP at concentrations of 10(-10) M and greater, with a resultant decrease in PGE(2) formation. Prostaglandins E 184-187 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 36-44 10564179-5 1999 IL-1beta (20 ng/ml for 22 h) alone caused a marked induction of COX-2 and increased basal PGE(2) release 28-fold (P < 0.001). Prostaglandins E 90-93 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-8 10564179-8 1999 In IL-1beta-treated cells, prior administration of PD-98059 caused 81, 92 and 40% decreases in basal and BK- and AA-stimulated PGE(2) release, respectively (P < 0.01), whereas administration of PD-98059 20 h after IL-1beta resulted in only 38 and 43% decreases in basal and BK-stimulated PGE(2) release, respectively (P < 0.02) and had no effect on AA-stimulated PGE(2) release. Prostaglandins E 127-130 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 3-11 10564179-10 1999 These results are consistent with the hypothesis that ERKs are involved early in the signal transduction pathway through which IL-1beta induces PGE(2) synthesis and beta-adrenergic hyporesponsiveness and that ERKs act by inducing COX-2 and activating phospholipase A(2). Prostaglandins E 144-147 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 127-135 10531320-0 1999 Prostaglandin E(2) mediates inhibition of insulin secretion by interleukin-1beta. Prostaglandins E 0-15 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 63-80 10531320-4 1999 Since we recently observed that IL-1beta induces cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene expression and PGE(2) synthesis in islet beta cells, we have reassessed the possibility that PGE(2) mediates IL-1beta effects on beta function. Prostaglandins E 94-97 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 32-40 10531320-4 1999 Since we recently observed that IL-1beta induces cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene expression and PGE(2) synthesis in islet beta cells, we have reassessed the possibility that PGE(2) mediates IL-1beta effects on beta function. Prostaglandins E 172-175 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 32-40 10531320-6 1999 Both drugs prevented IL-1beta from inducing PGE(2) synthesis and inhibiting insulin secretion; adding back exogenous PGE(2) re-established inhibition of insulin secretion in the presence of IL-1beta. Prostaglandins E 44-47 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 21-29 10531320-6 1999 Both drugs prevented IL-1beta from inducing PGE(2) synthesis and inhibiting insulin secretion; adding back exogenous PGE(2) re-established inhibition of insulin secretion in the presence of IL-1beta. Prostaglandins E 117-120 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 190-198 10531320-8 1999 We conclude that endogenous PGE(2) mediates the inhibitory effects of exogenous IL-1beta on beta cell function. Prostaglandins E 28-31 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 80-88 10467171-2 1999 Stimulation with IL-1beta resulted in the production of IL-6 and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)). Prostaglandins E 65-80 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 17-25 10467171-2 1999 Stimulation with IL-1beta resulted in the production of IL-6 and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)). Prostaglandins E 85-88 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 17-25 10467171-9 1999 These findings indicate that IL-1beta-induced IL-6 production in MG-63 cells involves the following sequence of steps: IL-1beta-induced COX-2 activation, PGE(2) production, and EP-1 receptor signaling prior to IL-6 production. Prostaglandins E 154-157 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 29-37 10419775-1 1999 Objective Since articular chondrocytes and synovial fibroblasts are particularly responsive to interleukin-1 (IL-1) with respect to stimulation of prostaglandin E(2)(PGE(2)) biosynthesis, we have used them as models to examine feedback modulatory effects of PGE(2), which blocks or attenuates the direct effects of IL-1beta on cell-specific collagen gene expression. Prostaglandins E 166-169 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 315-323 11056661-18 1999 The production of PGE(2) by RSFs was unaffected by 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3) addition, but when added concomitantly with IL-1beta the expected IL-1beta-stimulated increase was reduced to almost basal levels. Prostaglandins E 18-21 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 116-124 11056661-18 1999 The production of PGE(2) by RSFs was unaffected by 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3) addition, but when added concomitantly with IL-1beta the expected IL-1beta-stimulated increase was reduced to almost basal levels. Prostaglandins E 18-21 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 138-146 11056661-19 1999 In contrast, IL-1beta stimulation of PGE(2) in HACs was not affected by the simultaneous addition of 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3)(Table 2). Prostaglandins E 37-40 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 13-21 9255105-4 1997 TGF beta 1 and TGF beta 2 were shown to modulate IL-1 beta-stimulated PGE production and caseinase activity. Prostaglandins E 70-73 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 49-58 9255105-5 1997 Both TGF beta 1 and beta 2 inhibited IL-1 beta-stimulated PGE production in the absence of serum and augmented it in the presence of serum. Prostaglandins E 58-61 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 37-46 7559890-5 1995 Exposure of GLCs to IL-1 resulted in a 50% increase in PGE production, a 33% suppression of PA activity, and a 75% increase in the ability of the corresponding conditioned media to inhibit exogenous urokinase activity. Prostaglandins E 55-58 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 20-24 7559890-7 1995 Exposure of GLCs to IL-1 receptor antagonist abolished the ability of IL-1 to enhance PA inhibitory activity and PGE production, thereby establishing specific IL-1 receptor-mediated effects. Prostaglandins E 113-116 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 20-24 7559890-7 1995 Exposure of GLCs to IL-1 receptor antagonist abolished the ability of IL-1 to enhance PA inhibitory activity and PGE production, thereby establishing specific IL-1 receptor-mediated effects. Prostaglandins E 113-116 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 70-74 7559890-9 1995 Likewise, transforming growth factor-beta 1 suppressed the ability of IL-1 to stimulate PGE production without affecting the IL-1-induced effects on the PA system. Prostaglandins E 88-91 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 70-74 11854839-3 1995 Both Il-1beta and IL-1beta/misoprostol, but not misoprostol alone, induced a significant increase in PGE(2) levels compared with controls. Prostaglandins E 101-104 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 5-13 11854839-3 1995 Both Il-1beta and IL-1beta/misoprostol, but not misoprostol alone, induced a significant increase in PGE(2) levels compared with controls. Prostaglandins E 101-104 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 18-26 11854839-6 1995 Together, the results suggest that misoprostol may upregulate the conversion of arachidonic acid to PGE(2) by enhancing the IL-1beta-induced activation/synthesis of cyclooxygenase. Prostaglandins E 100-103 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 124-132 8120407-3 1994 Stimulation with IL-1 beta or TNF-alpha massively increased chemokine production and induced the generation of PGE and low amounts of IL-1ra. Prostaglandins E 111-114 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 17-26 18475594-9 1994 IL-1 of AM origin and PGE(2) of Fb origin secreted at high levels, may be candidates for this suppression because it was abrogated by anti IL-1beta and indomethacin. Prostaglandins E 22-25 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 139-147 8164209-5 1993 RESULTS: 1,25-(OH)2D3 inhibited the effects of IL-1 beta on PGE production by up to 90%, with half maximal inhibition at 2.0 x 10(-10) M. Inhibitory effects on stimulated collagenase and HA production and cell growth were also found but were less marked. Prostaglandins E 60-63 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 47-56 1390901-1 1992 It has been observed that both interleukin-1 (IL-1) and extracellular ATP stimulate the production of prostaglandin E (PGE) by human articular chondrocytes in monolayer culture. Prostaglandins E 102-117 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 31-50 1390901-1 1992 It has been observed that both interleukin-1 (IL-1) and extracellular ATP stimulate the production of prostaglandin E (PGE) by human articular chondrocytes in monolayer culture. Prostaglandins E 119-122 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 31-50 1390901-9 1992 IL-1 beta lowered the minimum concentration of ATP required to elicit an increase in the production of PGE by human articular chondrocytes. Prostaglandins E 103-106 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-9 1967907-6 1990 Involvement of PGE in the OVLT and POA in the ACTH response to intravenous IL-1 beta is also suggested. Prostaglandins E 15-18 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 75-84 2553025-3 1989 When stimulated by appropriate concentrations of recombinant interleukin-1 beta (rIL-1 beta), ASC proliferate and produce PGE. Prostaglandins E 122-125 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 61-79 2789072-1 1989 Cultured human synovial fibroblasts were stimulated with human recombinant interleukin 1 beta to overproduce prostaglandin E (PGE) and hyaluronic acid (HA). Prostaglandins E 109-124 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 75-93 2789072-1 1989 Cultured human synovial fibroblasts were stimulated with human recombinant interleukin 1 beta to overproduce prostaglandin E (PGE) and hyaluronic acid (HA). Prostaglandins E 126-129 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 75-93 3128273-3 1988 Prostaglandin E production was stimulated predominantly by IL1 alpha and IL1 beta rather than by IFN-gamma or TNF alpha. Prostaglandins E 0-15 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 73-81 3494764-3 1987 We examined the effect of one well-characterized inhibitor of IL 1, isolated from the urine of febrile patients, on a second IL 1 effect, stimulation of fibroblast PGE synthesis. Prostaglandins E 164-167 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 125-129 3494764-5 1987 Rather, inhibitor preparations markedly enhanced fibroblast PGE synthetic responses to IL 1. Prostaglandins E 60-63 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 87-91 3494764-7 1987 Augmentation of the IL 1-induced PGE response was seen with both low (1:1 unit) and high (400:1) ratios of inhibitor to IL 1. Prostaglandins E 33-36 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 20-24 3494764-7 1987 Augmentation of the IL 1-induced PGE response was seen with both low (1:1 unit) and high (400:1) ratios of inhibitor to IL 1. Prostaglandins E 33-36 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 120-124 30090014-11 2018 Results: The results showed that IL-1beta statistically significantly increased the expression of IL-6, PGE-2, and COX-2 in orbital fibroblasts. Prostaglandins E 104-107 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 33-41 30090014-14 2018 Chitosan downregulated expression of IL-1beta-stimulated IL-6, COX-2, and PGE-2 and downregulated phosphorylation of JNK. Prostaglandins E 74-77 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 37-45