PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 9693007-1 1998 The vibrational spectra of phosphate modes for GDP and GTP bound to the c-Harvey p21(ras) protein have been determined using 18O isotope edited Raman difference spectroscopy. Guanosine Diphosphate 47-50 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 81-84 9624180-6 1998 alpha2-Adrenergic stimulation also led to an increase in GDP/GTP exchange on p21(rhoA), as well as to an increase in the amount of p21(rhoA) in the particulate fraction of alpha2AF2 preadipocytes. Guanosine Diphosphate 57-60 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 77-80 9374488-4 1997 The ESR spectra of SL-GTP and SL-GDP in complex with p21 differ significantly when acquired at 0 degrees C or 5 degrees C indicating different environments (conformations) of the protein-bound radicals depending on the phosphorylation state of the bound nucleotide. Guanosine Diphosphate 33-36 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 53-56 9398520-1 1997 A normal mode and energy minimization of ras p21 is used to determine the flexibility of the protein and the origin of the conformational differences between GTP and GDP-bound forms. Guanosine Diphosphate 166-169 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 45-48 9287316-6 1997 In this work, we have used a fluorescent active mutant (Y32W) of p21(Ha-)ras to demonstrate that BeF3- binds to the GDP. Guanosine Diphosphate 116-119 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 65-68 9309221-3 1997 The coordination of the p21 residue Thr35 to Mg2+ in its active site, which has been observed in the crystal structure of p21 in complex with a GTP-analog GMPPNP but not with GDP, has been proposed to drive the conformational change accompanying nucleotide substitution and may have a role in the GTP hydrolysis reaction itself. Guanosine Diphosphate 175-178 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 24-27 8810926-0 1996 High frequency (139.5 GHz) electron paramagnetic resonance characterization of Mn(II)-H2(17)O interactions in GDP and GTP forms of p21 ras. Guanosine Diphosphate 110-113 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 131-134 9112760-0 1997 Inhibition of the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of ras p21 by aluminum ion. Guanosine Diphosphate 18-21 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 51-54 9112760-5 1997 Further dissection of the ras p21 cycle revealed that Mg(2+)-dependent GDP/GTP exchange was the Al(3+)-sensitive step. Guanosine Diphosphate 71-74 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 30-33 9194162-0 1997 Comparison of ras-p21 bound to GDP and GTP: differences in protein and ligand dynamics. Guanosine Diphosphate 31-34 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 18-21 9194162-2 1997 Essential dynamics analysis of 300 ps of full solvent molecular dynamics simulations revealed differences in structure and dynamics between GDP- and GTP-bound forms of H-ras-p21. Guanosine Diphosphate 140-143 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 174-177 9194162-4 1997 Differences in dynamics between H-ras-p21 GDP and H-ras-p21 GTP may be related to interactions of ras with GAP and its receptor and effector. Guanosine Diphosphate 42-45 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 38-41 9223188-0 1997 Calculation of pathways for the conformational transition between the GTP- and GDP-bound states of the Ha-ras-p21 protein: calculations with explicit solvent simulations and comparison with calculations in vacuum. Guanosine Diphosphate 79-82 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 110-113 9223188-1 1997 The transitions between the water-equilibrated structures of the GTP and GDP forms of Ha-ras-p21 have been calculated by using the targeted molecular dynamics (TMD) method (Schlitter et al., Mol. Guanosine Diphosphate 73-76 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 93-96 8810926-5 1996 By analysis of high-frequency EPR spectra, we determine the number of water molecules in the first coordination sphere of the manganous ion to be four in p21.Mn(II).GDP, consistent with prior low-frequency EPR and X-ray crystallographic studies. Guanosine Diphosphate 165-168 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 154-157 7547978-2 1995 Formation of a complex with nucleotide-free H-ras p21 could be analyzed on native gel electrophoresis by combining C-CDC25Mm and p21.GDP, as the result of the fast separation of GDP from p21. Guanosine Diphosphate 133-136 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 50-53 8607982-5 1995 Other aspects of Ras p21 regulation will be discussed, including the existence of RasGDl proteins that inhibit GDP dissociation from Ras, and may thus regulate the level of active Ras in the cell. Guanosine Diphosphate 111-114 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 21-24 8832375-1 1996 rap-1A is a membrane-bound G-protein in the ras superfamily that, like the ras-p21 protein, is activated by binding GTP in place of GDP. Guanosine Diphosphate 132-135 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 79-82 8838585-1 1996 rap-1A, an anti-oncogene-encoded protein, is a ras-p21-like protein whose sequence is over 80% homologous to p21 and which interacts with the same intracellular target proteins and is activated by the same mechanisms as p21, e.g., by binding GTP in place of GDP. Guanosine Diphosphate 258-261 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 51-54 8838585-1 1996 rap-1A, an anti-oncogene-encoded protein, is a ras-p21-like protein whose sequence is over 80% homologous to p21 and which interacts with the same intracellular target proteins and is activated by the same mechanisms as p21, e.g., by binding GTP in place of GDP. Guanosine Diphosphate 258-261 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 109-112 8838585-1 1996 rap-1A, an anti-oncogene-encoded protein, is a ras-p21-like protein whose sequence is over 80% homologous to p21 and which interacts with the same intracellular target proteins and is activated by the same mechanisms as p21, e.g., by binding GTP in place of GDP. Guanosine Diphosphate 258-261 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 109-112 8983024-6 1996 Analysis of the binding and dissociation of GTP and GDP to normal and mutated p21 expressed in Escherichia coli showed that [V12D28]p21 and [D28]p21 do not bind GTP. Guanosine Diphosphate 52-55 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 78-81 8747433-9 1995 However, they still differ in structure at specific amino acid residues rather than in whole regions, in contradistinction to the results found for the p21-GDP complexes. Guanosine Diphosphate 156-159 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 152-155 7547942-0 1995 Molecular dynamics simulation of the solution structures of Ha-ras-p21 GDP and GTP complexes: flexibility, possible hinges, and levers of the conformational transition. Guanosine Diphosphate 71-74 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 67-70 7547942-1 1995 Unconstrained molecular dynamics simulations of the GDP and GTP complexes of Ha-ras p21 protein are performed in aqueous environment for 500 ps, using the GROMOS force field. Guanosine Diphosphate 52-55 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 84-87 7547978-2 1995 Formation of a complex with nucleotide-free H-ras p21 could be analyzed on native gel electrophoresis by combining C-CDC25Mm and p21.GDP, as the result of the fast separation of GDP from p21. Guanosine Diphosphate 178-181 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 50-53 7547978-3 1995 Therefore, in order to obtain highly purified heterodimer in preparative amounts, p21.GDP and C-CDC25Mm were exposed to an electric field and the complex purified by anionic chromatography. Guanosine Diphosphate 86-89 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 82-85 7547978-8 1995 The "on-rate" of the nucleotide on the p21.C-CDC25Mm complex was similar for GDP and GTP and was little increased vs that on p21 alone. Guanosine Diphosphate 77-80 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 39-42 7647555-1 1995 The relaxation rates of the multiple-quantum coherence for the amide hydrogen of Gly13 in ras p21.GDP were determined in the presence and absence of 17O labeling in the beta-phosphate of GDP. Guanosine Diphosphate 98-101 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 94-97 8593186-0 1995 Comparison of the computed three-dimensional structures of oncogenic forms (bound to GDP) of the ras-gene-encoded p21 protein with the structure of the normal (non-transforming) wild-type protein. Guanosine Diphosphate 85-88 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 114-117 8593186-3 1995 To determine the effects of these substitutions on the three-dimensional structure of the whole p21 protein, we have performed molecular dynamics calculations on each of these three proteins bound to GDP and magnesium ion to compute the average structures of each of the three forms. Guanosine Diphosphate 200-203 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 96-99 7851434-3 1995 The highly purified (greater than 95%) stable fusion protein, obtained by affinity chromatography, was very active in enhancing the dissociation rate or the GDP/GTP exchange of the GDP complex of Ras2p or human H-ras p21. Guanosine Diphosphate 181-184 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 217-220 7851434-10 1995 On gel filtration, truncated Sdc25p-C and nucleotide-free Ras2p (or p21) formed a stable 1:1 stoichiometric complex that was dissociated by increasing concentrations of GDP. Guanosine Diphosphate 169-172 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 68-71 7819095-0 1994 Haemoglobin inhibits GTP-hydrolysis and GDP/GTP-exchange activities of a low M(r) GTP-binding protein, ras p21. Guanosine Diphosphate 40-43 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 107-110 7819095-1 1994 Haemoglobin was observed to inhibit the GDP/GTP-exchange activity of ras protein (ras p21) by measurement of [3H]GDP-dissociation activity in time- and dose-dependent manners. Guanosine Diphosphate 40-43 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 86-89 7819095-5 1994 Methaemoglobin also inhibited both [3H]GDP-dissociation and [32P]GTP-hydrolysis activities of ras p21 in a very similar manner to that by haemoglobin. Guanosine Diphosphate 39-42 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 98-101 7819095-6 1994 The obtained results strongly suggest that haemoglobin suppresses the physiological function(s) of ras p21 in vivo inhibiting both [32P]GTP-hydrolysis and GDP/GTP-dissociation of ras p21 in erythrocytes. Guanosine Diphosphate 155-158 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 103-106 8139548-2 1994 Insulin-induced membrane ruffling was inhibited by microinjection of rho GDI, an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange regulator for both rho p21 and rac p21 small GTP-binding proteins, but not inhibited by microinjection of botulinum exoenzyme C3, known to selectively ADP-ribosylate rho p21 and to impair its function. Guanosine Diphosphate 92-95 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 132-135 8142406-0 1994 Characterization of the active site of p21 ras by electron spin-echo envelope modulation spectroscopy with selective labeling: comparisons between GDP and GTP forms. Guanosine Diphosphate 147-150 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 39-42 7853016-2 1994 Like other guanine nucleotide-binding proteins p21ras is active when GTP bound and inactive when GDP bound. Guanosine Diphosphate 97-100 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 47-50 7961601-2 1994 In the presence of GDP, the radius of gyration, Rg, determined for wild type ras p21 was 16.89 +/- 0.01 A, while the wild type ras p21 bound to the GTP analogue GDPNHP (5"-guanyl imido diphosphate beta-gamma-imidoguanosine 5"-triphosphate) showed an Rg value of 17.46 +/- 0.01 A, which is 3.3% larger. Guanosine Diphosphate 19-22 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 81-84 7961601-2 1994 In the presence of GDP, the radius of gyration, Rg, determined for wild type ras p21 was 16.89 +/- 0.01 A, while the wild type ras p21 bound to the GTP analogue GDPNHP (5"-guanyl imido diphosphate beta-gamma-imidoguanosine 5"-triphosphate) showed an Rg value of 17.46 +/- 0.01 A, which is 3.3% larger. Guanosine Diphosphate 19-22 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 131-134 8139548-2 1994 Insulin-induced membrane ruffling was inhibited by microinjection of rho GDI, an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange regulator for both rho p21 and rac p21 small GTP-binding proteins, but not inhibited by microinjection of botulinum exoenzyme C3, known to selectively ADP-ribosylate rho p21 and to impair its function. Guanosine Diphosphate 92-95 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 144-147 8139548-2 1994 Insulin-induced membrane ruffling was inhibited by microinjection of rho GDI, an inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange regulator for both rho p21 and rac p21 small GTP-binding proteins, but not inhibited by microinjection of botulinum exoenzyme C3, known to selectively ADP-ribosylate rho p21 and to impair its function. Guanosine Diphosphate 92-95 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 144-147 8142349-1 1994 A high-resolution solution structure of the GDP form of a truncated version of the ras p21 protein (residues 1-166) has been determined using NMR spectroscopy. Guanosine Diphosphate 44-47 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 87-90 8137813-8 1994 A different mutant, rab5 S34N, was found, like the inhibitory p21-ras S17N mutant, to have a preferential affinity for GDP. Guanosine Diphosphate 119-122 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 62-65 8060496-0 1994 Comparison of the low energy conformations of an oncogenic and a non-oncogenic p21 protein, neither of which binds GTP or GDP. Guanosine Diphosphate 122-125 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 79-82 8060496-2 1994 Since p21 is normally activated by the binding of GTP in place of GDP, it has been postulated that oncogenic forms must retain bound GTP for prolonged time periods. Guanosine Diphosphate 66-69 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 6-9 8060496-3 1994 However, two multiply substituted p21 proteins have been cloned, neither of which binds GDP or GTP. Guanosine Diphosphate 88-91 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 34-37 8060496-11 1994 These regions have been found to be the most flexible in the p21 protein bound to GDP from prior molecular dynamics calculations (Dykes et al., 1993). Guanosine Diphosphate 82-85 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 61-64 8386636-1 1993 Proton-NMR signals in the downfield region (below approximately 10 ppm) have been shown to provide a useful spectroscopic window to monitor the binding of guanine nucleotides to the active site of GTP/GDP-binding proteins via H-bonds, as specified here by the 21-kDa product of the c-H-ras gene (p21). Guanosine Diphosphate 201-204 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 296-299 8142894-7 1994 In general, the spectral shifts provide a rationale for the stronger binding of GDP and IDP with p21 compared to EF-Tu. Guanosine Diphosphate 80-83 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 97-100 8129867-1 1993 We previously reported a complete computer-based three-dimensional structure for residues 1-171 of the Gly 12-containing ras-gene-encoded p21 protein complexed with GDP. Guanosine Diphosphate 165-168 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 138-141 8226937-3 1993 Here, we examined whether rho GDI interacts with the GTP-bound form of rho p21 and rac p21 and inhibits their basal and rho GAP-stimulated GTPase activity, rho GDI interacted with both the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of rhoA p21 and rac1 p21 as estimated by measuring its ability to form a complex with both forms and to inhibit the membrane-binding activity of both forms. Guanosine Diphosphate 189-192 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 87-90 8338843-3 1993 All assays gave good agreement except the filter binding assay of [3H]-GDP bound to p21, which gave values of 35-40% compared to the other methods. Guanosine Diphosphate 71-74 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 84-87 8393791-0 1993 Affinity labeling of c-H-ras p21 consensus elements with periodate-oxidized GDP and GTP. Guanosine Diphosphate 76-79 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 29-32 8393791-1 1993 The amino acid sequence motifs of human c-H-ras p21 involved in the interaction with guanosine nucleotides were cross-linked to in situ periodate-oxidized [alpha-32P]GDP or [alpha-32P]GTP. Guanosine Diphosphate 166-169 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 48-51 8393791-2 1993 Site-specific reaction was achieved by cross-linking conserved lysine residues close to the G-nucleotide binding site of p21 with the 2",3"-dialdehyde derivatives of GDP or GTP under kinetically controlled conditions. Guanosine Diphosphate 166-169 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 121-124 8329399-1 1993 Heteronuclear-edited proton-detected NMR methods are used to study the nucleotide-dependent conformational change between GDP- and GTP gamma S-bound forms of human N-ras p21. Guanosine Diphosphate 122-125 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 170-173 8329399-3 1993 When GTP gamma S is substituted for GDP in cellular N-ras p21, the chemical shifts of resonances Asp-47, -126, -154, and Asn-172, as well as Gly-77 and -151, are not sensitive to nucleotide exchange, whereas Asp-30, -33, -38, -54, -57, -69, -92, -105, and -119 are affected. Guanosine Diphosphate 36-39 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 58-61 8462668-3 1993 Based on the similarities of ras-p21 and elongation factor Tu we propose here a model of the GDP state of ras-p21 that is in agreement with all relevant experimental evidence. Guanosine Diphosphate 93-96 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 33-36 8462668-3 1993 Based on the similarities of ras-p21 and elongation factor Tu we propose here a model of the GDP state of ras-p21 that is in agreement with all relevant experimental evidence. Guanosine Diphosphate 93-96 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 110-113 8144711-5 1994 The first demonstrates the ability of the program to generate candidate inhibitors for a receptor site of known 3D structure, specifically the GDP binding site of p21. Guanosine Diphosphate 143-146 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 163-166 8244990-0 1993 Comparison of kinetic properties between two mammalian ras p21 GDP/GTP exchange proteins, ras guanine nucleotide-releasing factor and smg GDP dissociation stimulation. Guanosine Diphosphate 63-66 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 59-62 8226937-3 1993 Here, we examined whether rho GDI interacts with the GTP-bound form of rho p21 and rac p21 and inhibits their basal and rho GAP-stimulated GTPase activity, rho GDI interacted with both the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of rhoA p21 and rac1 p21 as estimated by measuring its ability to form a complex with both forms and to inhibit the membrane-binding activity of both forms. Guanosine Diphosphate 189-192 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 87-90 8226937-3 1993 Here, we examined whether rho GDI interacts with the GTP-bound form of rho p21 and rac p21 and inhibits their basal and rho GAP-stimulated GTPase activity, rho GDI interacted with both the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of rhoA p21 and rac1 p21 as estimated by measuring its ability to form a complex with both forms and to inhibit the membrane-binding activity of both forms. Guanosine Diphosphate 189-192 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 87-90 8352776-1 1993 Rho p21 and rac p21 small GTP-binding proteins are regulated by the same inhibitory and stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange proteins termed rho GDI and smg GDS, respectively. Guanosine Diphosphate 100-103 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 4-7 8352776-1 1993 Rho p21 and rac p21 small GTP-binding proteins are regulated by the same inhibitory and stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange proteins termed rho GDI and smg GDS, respectively. Guanosine Diphosphate 100-103 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 16-19 8352776-3 1993 RhoA p21 and rac1 p21 have similar GDP/GTP exchange rates in the absence of rho GDI and smg GDS. Guanosine Diphosphate 35-38 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 5-8 8352776-3 1993 RhoA p21 and rac1 p21 have similar GDP/GTP exchange rates in the absence of rho GDI and smg GDS. Guanosine Diphosphate 35-38 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 18-21 8352776-4 1993 The velocity of the GDP/GTP exchange reaction for rhoA p21 was enhanced much more by smg GDS than was the velocity of nucleotide exchange for rac1 p21. Guanosine Diphosphate 20-23 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 55-58 8508922-4 1993 The nucleotide-free and the inactive GDP-bound form of ras p21 had no effect on force. Guanosine Diphosphate 37-40 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 59-62 8512342-4 1993 The gene product, ras p21, binds to GDP or GTP, and hydrolyzes GTP to GDP and Pi. Guanosine Diphosphate 36-39 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 22-25 8512342-4 1993 The gene product, ras p21, binds to GDP or GTP, and hydrolyzes GTP to GDP and Pi. Guanosine Diphosphate 70-73 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 22-25 8318164-4 1993 p21 is thought to be activated by the binding of GTP in place of GDP to the protein. Guanosine Diphosphate 65-68 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 0-3 8318164-5 1993 We have previously constructed the three-dimensional structure of the p21 protein bound to GDP from an available alpha-carbon tracing of this protein using a combination of molecular dynamics and energy minimization (Dykes, et al., J. Biomol. Guanosine Diphosphate 91-94 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 70-73 8318164-9 1993 In this communication we compare our computed structure for the p21-GDP complex to this x-ray crystal structure. Guanosine Diphosphate 68-71 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 64-67 8318164-15 1993 Both of these regions have been found in x-ray crystallographic studies of p21-GDP and p21-GTP complexes to undergo significant changes in conformation upon the binding of GTP in place of GDP to the protein. Guanosine Diphosphate 79-82 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 75-78 8318164-15 1993 Both of these regions have been found in x-ray crystallographic studies of p21-GDP and p21-GTP complexes to undergo significant changes in conformation upon the binding of GTP in place of GDP to the protein. Guanosine Diphosphate 188-191 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 75-78 8318164-15 1993 Both of these regions have been found in x-ray crystallographic studies of p21-GDP and p21-GTP complexes to undergo significant changes in conformation upon the binding of GTP in place of GDP to the protein. Guanosine Diphosphate 188-191 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 87-90 8419371-3 1993 The dissociation constant between Mg2+ and the p21.GDP complex was determined to be 2.8 microM. Guanosine Diphosphate 51-54 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 47-50 1464587-3 1992 We studied the function of this post-translational processing of rac p21s in their interaction with the stimulatory and inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins for rac p21s, named smg GDS and rho GDI, and in their NADPH oxidase activation. Guanosine Diphosphate 131-134 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 69-72 1447167-4 1992 We show that the product of a recently isolated mouse CDC25-like gene (CDC25Mm) can strongly enhance (more than 1000 times) the GDP release from both human c-Ha-ras p21 and yeast RAS2 in vitro. Guanosine Diphosphate 128-131 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 165-168 1337001-0 1992 Sequential assignment of the backbone nuclei (1H, 15N and 13C) of c-H-ras p21 (1-166).GDP using a novel 4D NMR strategy. Guanosine Diphosphate 86-89 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 74-77 8419371-7 1993 31P NMR spectra of the GDP and Gpp(NH)p (guanosine-5"-(beta,gamma-imido)triphosphate) complexes of mutated p21 show a remarkable perturbation of the guanine nucleotide-binding site compared to wild-type protein. Guanosine Diphosphate 23-26 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 107-110 1406640-3 1992 We have previously reported that the posttranslational processing of Ki-ras p21 is essential for its interaction with one of its GDP/GTP exchange proteins named smg GDS. Guanosine Diphosphate 129-132 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 76-79 1325460-3 1992 To test this hypothesis, we examined the ability of NDK to catalyze the phosphorylation of the GDP bound to the following three members of the superfamily of regulatory GTP-binding proteins: Gt, Ha-ras p21, and ARF. Guanosine Diphosphate 95-98 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 202-205 1421163-1 1992 The three-dimensional structure of the H-ras oncogene product p21 has been determined in both its active, GTP-bound and its inactive, GDP-bound forms. Guanosine Diphosphate 134-137 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 62-65 1501882-2 1992 The GDP/GTP exchange reaction of smg p21 is regulated by smg GDS, which is also active on Ki-ras p21 and rho p21. Guanosine Diphosphate 4-7 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 37-40 1501882-2 1992 The GDP/GTP exchange reaction of smg p21 is regulated by smg GDS, which is also active on Ki-ras p21 and rho p21. Guanosine Diphosphate 4-7 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 97-100 1501882-2 1992 The GDP/GTP exchange reaction of smg p21 is regulated by smg GDS, which is also active on Ki-ras p21 and rho p21. Guanosine Diphosphate 4-7 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 97-100 1634508-1 1992 smg GDS and rho GDI are stimulatory and inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange proteins, respectively, for a group of ras p21-related small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins). Guanosine Diphosphate 51-54 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 111-114 1634508-3 1992 We examined here the functional interactions of these GDP/GTP exchange proteins with rho p21 as a substrate. Guanosine Diphosphate 54-57 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 89-92 1634508-4 1992 smg GDS and rho GDI interacted with the GDP-bound form of rho p21 and thereby stimulated and inhibited, respectively, the dissociation of GDP. Guanosine Diphosphate 40-43 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 62-65 1634508-4 1992 smg GDS and rho GDI interacted with the GDP-bound form of rho p21 and thereby stimulated and inhibited, respectively, the dissociation of GDP. Guanosine Diphosphate 138-141 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 62-65 1634508-6 1992 The GDP-bound form of rho p21 formed a complex with rho GDI but not with smg GDS in their simultaneous presence. Guanosine Diphosphate 4-7 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 26-29 1634508-7 1992 Since the content of smg GDS was generally less than that of rho GDI in cells, these results suggest that there is some mechanism to release the inhibitory action of rho GDI and to make rho p21 sensitive to the smg GDS action during the conversion of rhoA p21 from the GDP-bound inactive form to the GTP-bound active form in intact cells. Guanosine Diphosphate 269-272 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 190-193 1379346-7 1992 This portion of Ras-GRF accelerated the release of GDP from RasH and RasN p21 in vitro, but not from the related RalA, or CDC42Hs GTP-binding proteins. Guanosine Diphosphate 51-54 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 74-77 1377053-10 1992 Epo was also able to activate p21ras as measured by exchange of guanosine diphosphate for guanosine triphosphate. Guanosine Diphosphate 64-85 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 30-33 1637501-2 1992 An energy-refined structure for the normal p21 protein complexed with GDP. Guanosine Diphosphate 70-73 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 43-46 1318075-7 1992 The resolution enhancement method has also been applied in a measurement of the 17O-Mn2+ superhyperfine coupling constant of 17O in the beta-phosphate of the GDP in the ras p21 complex. Guanosine Diphosphate 158-161 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 173-176 1637501-3 1992 A complete three-dimensional structure for the ras-gene-encoded p21 protein with Gly 12 and Gln 61, bound to GDP, has been constructed in four stages using the available alpha-carbon coordinates as deposited in the Brookhaven National Laboratories Protein Data Bank. Guanosine Diphosphate 109-112 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 64-67 1351295-1 1992 Ras p21 proteins cycle between inactive, GDP-bound forms and active GTP-bound forms. Guanosine Diphosphate 41-44 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 4-7 1740128-6 1992 The concentrations of Mg2+ influencing the dissociation rate of the p21.GDP complex are much higher than for the intrinsic GTPase activity, an effect also observed for EF-Tu. Guanosine Diphosphate 72-75 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 68-71 1740128-4 1992 Specific differences between p21 and EF-Tu were found in the action of divalent anions which strongly enhance the dissociation rate of p21.GDP without affecting that of EF-Tu. Guanosine Diphosphate 139-142 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 29-32 1740128-4 1992 Specific differences between p21 and EF-Tu were found in the action of divalent anions which strongly enhance the dissociation rate of p21.GDP without affecting that of EF-Tu. Guanosine Diphosphate 139-142 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 135-138 1540187-1 1992 A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 (smg GDS) stimulated the binding of guanosine 5"-(3-0-thio) triphosphate (GTP gamma S) to smg p21B. Guanosine Diphosphate 14-17 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 47-50 1613976-4 1992 There are two regulatory proteins for smg p21, smg p21 GTPase activating protein (GAP) and smg GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS). Guanosine Diphosphate 95-98 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 42-45 1549351-0 1992 Molecular cloning of the human cDNA for a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for c-Ki-ras p21 and smg p21. Guanosine Diphosphate 54-57 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 92-95 1549351-0 1992 Molecular cloning of the human cDNA for a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for c-Ki-ras p21 and smg p21. Guanosine Diphosphate 54-57 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 104-107 1907371-1 1991 We have purified a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21A and -B, ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins), cloned its cDNA, and named it GDP dissociation stimulator (smg p21 GDS). Guanosine Diphosphate 31-34 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 81-84 1907371-0 1991 A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 is active on the post-translationally processed form of c-Ki-ras p21 and rhoA p21. Guanosine Diphosphate 14-17 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 47-50 1907371-0 1991 A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 is active on the post-translationally processed form of c-Ki-ras p21 and rhoA p21. Guanosine Diphosphate 14-17 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 116-119 1907371-0 1991 A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 is active on the post-translationally processed form of c-Ki-ras p21 and rhoA p21. Guanosine Diphosphate 14-17 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 116-119 1907371-1 1991 We have purified a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21A and -B, ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins), cloned its cDNA, and named it GDP dissociation stimulator (smg p21 GDS). Guanosine Diphosphate 31-34 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 64-67 1939117-0 1991 Inhibition of the action of the stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 by the geranylgeranylated synthetic peptides designed from its C-terminal region. Guanosine Diphosphate 44-47 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 77-80 1820685-4 1991 Other cellular factors can positively regulate p21ras by stimulating GDP/GTP exchange. Guanosine Diphosphate 69-72 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 47-50 1908842-0 1991 Inhibition of the action of a stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 by acidic membrane phospholipids. Guanosine Diphosphate 42-45 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 75-78 1908842-1 1991 A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 (smg p21 GDS) stimulated the dissociation of GDP from smg p21B. Guanosine Diphosphate 14-17 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 47-50 1908842-1 1991 A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 (smg p21 GDS) stimulated the dissociation of GDP from smg p21B. Guanosine Diphosphate 14-17 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 56-59 1908842-1 1991 A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 (smg p21 GDS) stimulated the dissociation of GDP from smg p21B. Guanosine Diphosphate 96-99 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 47-50 1908842-1 1991 A stimulatory GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21 (smg p21 GDS) stimulated the dissociation of GDP from smg p21B. Guanosine Diphosphate 96-99 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 56-59 1826565-2 1991 The ras gene product (p21) is a GTP-binding protein, and the activity of the protein is regulated by bound GDP/GTP. Guanosine Diphosphate 107-110 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 22-25 1652268-6 1991 When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity. Guanosine Diphosphate 207-210 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 106-109 1899665-8 1991 In contrast, a GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21, named GDP dissociation stimulator, stimulated the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the intact smg p21B but not that of the N-terminal fragment. Guanosine Diphosphate 15-18 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 48-51 1899665-8 1991 In contrast, a GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21, named GDP dissociation stimulator, stimulated the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the intact smg p21B but not that of the N-terminal fragment. Guanosine Diphosphate 59-62 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 48-51 1899665-8 1991 In contrast, a GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21, named GDP dissociation stimulator, stimulated the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the intact smg p21B but not that of the N-terminal fragment. Guanosine Diphosphate 59-62 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 48-51 1899665-9 1991 These results indicate 1) that smg p21B is composed of at least two functionally different domains, the N-terminal GDP/GTP-binding and GTPase domain and the C-terminal membrane-binding domain, 2) that smg p21B binds to membranes through its C-terminal hydrophobic and basic domain, and 3) that this C-terminal domain is also essential for the smg p21 GDP dissociation stimulator action but not for the smg p21 GTPase-activating protein action. Guanosine Diphosphate 115-118 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 35-38 1899665-9 1991 These results indicate 1) that smg p21B is composed of at least two functionally different domains, the N-terminal GDP/GTP-binding and GTPase domain and the C-terminal membrane-binding domain, 2) that smg p21B binds to membranes through its C-terminal hydrophobic and basic domain, and 3) that this C-terminal domain is also essential for the smg p21 GDP dissociation stimulator action but not for the smg p21 GTPase-activating protein action. Guanosine Diphosphate 351-354 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 35-38 1899665-9 1991 These results indicate 1) that smg p21B is composed of at least two functionally different domains, the N-terminal GDP/GTP-binding and GTPase domain and the C-terminal membrane-binding domain, 2) that smg p21B binds to membranes through its C-terminal hydrophobic and basic domain, and 3) that this C-terminal domain is also essential for the smg p21 GDP dissociation stimulator action but not for the smg p21 GTPase-activating protein action. Guanosine Diphosphate 351-354 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 205-208 1900001-1 1991 We have previously purified a GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21A and -B, members of a ras p21/ras p21-like small GTP-binding protein superfamily. Guanosine Diphosphate 30-33 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 63-66 1900001-1 1991 We have previously purified a GDP/GTP exchange protein for smg p21A and -B, members of a ras p21/ras p21-like small GTP-binding protein superfamily. Guanosine Diphosphate 30-33 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 93-96 1900001-2 1991 This regulatory protein, named smg p21 GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS), stimulates the dissociation of both GDP and GTP from and the subsequent binding of both GDP and GTP to smg p21s. Guanosine Diphosphate 39-42 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 35-38 1900001-2 1991 This regulatory protein, named smg p21 GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS), stimulates the dissociation of both GDP and GTP from and the subsequent binding of both GDP and GTP to smg p21s. Guanosine Diphosphate 110-113 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 35-38 1900001-2 1991 This regulatory protein, named smg p21 GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS), stimulates the dissociation of both GDP and GTP from and the subsequent binding of both GDP and GTP to smg p21s. Guanosine Diphosphate 110-113 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 35-38 1900001-3 1991 We show here that smg p21 GDS forms a complex with both the GDP- and GTP-bound forms of smg p21B at a molar ratio of about 1:1. Guanosine Diphosphate 60-63 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 22-25 1900001-6 1991 These results indicate that smg p21 GDS stoichiometrically interacts with smg p21B and thereby regulates its GDP/GTP exchange reaction and its translocation between membranes and cytoplasm. Guanosine Diphosphate 109-112 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 32-35 1652268-6 1991 When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity. Guanosine Diphosphate 207-210 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 122-125 1652268-6 1991 When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity. Guanosine Diphosphate 207-210 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 122-125 1652268-6 1991 When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity. Guanosine Diphosphate 207-210 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 122-125 1652268-6 1991 When ras proteins were preactivated with the non-hydrolysable GTP analog GppNHp, the time courses of both p21(Gly-12) and p21(Val-12) effects were fast and sustained, suggesting that in intact cells (i) the GDP/GTP exchange is faster for p21(Gly-12) compared to p21(Val-12) and (ii) inactivation of p21(Gly-12) is mediated by GAP-induced GTPase activity. Guanosine Diphosphate 207-210 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 122-125 2146678-2 1990 Like other GTP-binding proteins, p21.GTP is an active conformation, which can transduce the signals downstream, whereas p21.GDP is an inactive one. Guanosine Diphosphate 124-127 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 33-36 2146678-2 1990 Like other GTP-binding proteins, p21.GTP is an active conformation, which can transduce the signals downstream, whereas p21.GDP is an inactive one. Guanosine Diphosphate 124-127 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 120-123 2146678-7 1990 We also found that the ratio of p21.GTP to p21.GDP increased 3- to 4-fold in transformants carrying activated erbB-2/neu or v-src oncogenes. Guanosine Diphosphate 47-50 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 32-35 2146678-7 1990 We also found that the ratio of p21.GTP to p21.GDP increased 3- to 4-fold in transformants carrying activated erbB-2/neu or v-src oncogenes. Guanosine Diphosphate 47-50 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 43-46 2164357-2 1990 EPR signals of Mn(II) in the GDP complex with viral-Harvey p21pRAS1 (Arg 12, Thr 59), p21EC (Gly 12, Thr 59), and p21EJ (Val 12, Thr 59) have narrow line-widths that permit ready observation of inhomogeneous broadening from unresolved superhyperfine coupling with the nuclear spin of 17O of directly coordinated oxygen ligands. Guanosine Diphosphate 29-32 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 59-67 2158984-6 1990 The GDP-bound form also inhibited the ras p21 GAP-stimulated GTPase activity of c-Ha-ras p21, but the efficiency was 40-50% that of the GTP-bound form. Guanosine Diphosphate 4-7 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 42-45 2158984-6 1990 The GDP-bound form also inhibited the ras p21 GAP-stimulated GTPase activity of c-Ha-ras p21, but the efficiency was 40-50% that of the GTP-bound form. Guanosine Diphosphate 4-7 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 89-92 2405906-7 1990 In solution, the p21-bound GDP.Mg2+ has an anti conformation, and the phenyl ring of Phe28 is close to the ribose of the bound GDP.Mg2+. Guanosine Diphosphate 27-30 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 17-20 2405906-7 1990 In solution, the p21-bound GDP.Mg2+ has an anti conformation, and the phenyl ring of Phe28 is close to the ribose of the bound GDP.Mg2+. Guanosine Diphosphate 127-130 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 17-20 2692710-2 1989 We have previously assigned all five glycine resonances located in loops directly involved in binding of guanosine diphosphate in the wild-type p21 protein [Campbell-Burk, S., Papastavros, M. Z., McCormick, F., & Redfield, A. G. (1989) Proc. Guanosine Diphosphate 105-126 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 144-147 2508560-8 1989 This mutation is theoretically equivalent to reversion of the Gly to Val transforming mutation of the cellular form of the ras gene product p21, a protein proposed to be structurally similar to EF-Tu in the GDP binding domain. Guanosine Diphosphate 207-210 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 140-143 2692710-7 1989 In this report, the corresponding glycine resonances in the p21 mutant have been assigned, and spectral differences between normal and mutant p21-guanosine diphosphate (p21.GDP) complexes have been investigated. Guanosine Diphosphate 146-167 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 142-145 2692710-7 1989 In this report, the corresponding glycine resonances in the p21 mutant have been assigned, and spectral differences between normal and mutant p21-guanosine diphosphate (p21.GDP) complexes have been investigated. Guanosine Diphosphate 146-167 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 169-176 2692710-10 1989 Two of the five active-site glycines in wild-type p21.GDP have very slow amide proton exchange rates with water (kappa less than 2.8 x 10(-5) s-1). Guanosine Diphosphate 54-57 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 50-53 2642607-2 1989 To understand the structural reasons behind cell transformation arising from this single amino acid substitution, we have determined the crystal structure of the GDP-bound form of the mutant protein, p21(Val-12), encoded by this oncogene. Guanosine Diphosphate 162-165 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 200-203 3181143-7 1988 As in p21, this position in EF-Tu is critical, influencing specifically the GDP/GTP interaction as well as other functions. Guanosine Diphosphate 76-79 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 6-9 3143720-5 1988 Homology search indicates that smg p21 is a novel protein with the consensus amino acid sequences for GTP/GDP-binding and GTPase domains but shares about 55% amino acid sequence homology with the human c-Ha-ras protein. Guanosine Diphosphate 106-109 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 35-38 2833702-3 1988 It is assumed that an external signal is detected by a membrane molecule (or detector) that stimulates the conversion of p21.GDP to p21.GTP which then interacts with a target molecule (or effector) to generate an internal signal. Guanosine Diphosphate 125-128 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 121-124 2833702-3 1988 It is assumed that an external signal is detected by a membrane molecule (or detector) that stimulates the conversion of p21.GDP to p21.GTP which then interacts with a target molecule (or effector) to generate an internal signal. Guanosine Diphosphate 125-128 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 132-135 3276311-0 1988 Proton NMR studies of the GDP.Mg2+ complex of the Ha-ras oncogene product p21. Guanosine Diphosphate 26-29 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 74-77 2821624-4 1987 In contrast, Gly12 p21 was predominantly guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound because of a dramatic stimulation of Gly12 p21-associated guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activity. Guanosine Diphosphate 41-62 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 19-22 2823806-1 1987 An in vitro study of phosphate-transfer, from the high-energy phosphates on the phosphoenzyme (enzyme-bound high-energy phosphate intermediate) of NDP-kinase to GDP on various guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G1, elongation factor alpha 1, recombinant v-rasH p21 protein, transducin, Gi and Go), revealed that the GDP acts as a phosphate-acceptor, in the presence of divalent cations (Mg2+ and Ca2+). Guanosine Diphosphate 161-164 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 263-266 2821624-4 1987 In contrast, Gly12 p21 was predominantly guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound because of a dramatic stimulation of Gly12 p21-associated guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activity. Guanosine Diphosphate 41-62 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 118-121 2821624-4 1987 In contrast, Gly12 p21 was predominantly guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound because of a dramatic stimulation of Gly12 p21-associated guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activity. Guanosine Diphosphate 64-67 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 19-22 2821624-4 1987 In contrast, Gly12 p21 was predominantly guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound because of a dramatic stimulation of Gly12 p21-associated guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activity. Guanosine Diphosphate 64-67 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 118-121 3109943-1 1987 Autophosphorylation of the purified human insulin receptor tyrosyl kinase was found to be inhibited by the ras oncogene product p21 in a concentration- and GDP-dependent manner. Guanosine Diphosphate 156-159 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 128-131 3298232-5 1987 The association rate constant for p21 and GDP is 1.47 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 and for GTP is 2.9 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 at 0 degree C. By using appropriately determined dissociation rate constants we have determined the binding constant for p21.GDP and p21.GTP in the presence of excess Mg2+ to be 5.7 X 10(10) M-1 and 6.0 X 10(10) M-1, respectively, at 0 degree C. Guanosine Diphosphate 42-45 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 34-37 3298232-5 1987 The association rate constant for p21 and GDP is 1.47 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 and for GTP is 2.9 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 at 0 degree C. By using appropriately determined dissociation rate constants we have determined the binding constant for p21.GDP and p21.GTP in the presence of excess Mg2+ to be 5.7 X 10(10) M-1 and 6.0 X 10(10) M-1, respectively, at 0 degree C. Guanosine Diphosphate 42-45 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 226-229 3298232-5 1987 The association rate constant for p21 and GDP is 1.47 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 and for GTP is 2.9 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 at 0 degree C. By using appropriately determined dissociation rate constants we have determined the binding constant for p21.GDP and p21.GTP in the presence of excess Mg2+ to be 5.7 X 10(10) M-1 and 6.0 X 10(10) M-1, respectively, at 0 degree C. Guanosine Diphosphate 42-45 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 226-229 3298232-5 1987 The association rate constant for p21 and GDP is 1.47 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 and for GTP is 2.9 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 at 0 degree C. By using appropriately determined dissociation rate constants we have determined the binding constant for p21.GDP and p21.GTP in the presence of excess Mg2+ to be 5.7 X 10(10) M-1 and 6.0 X 10(10) M-1, respectively, at 0 degree C. Guanosine Diphosphate 230-233 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 34-37 3298232-5 1987 The association rate constant for p21 and GDP is 1.47 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 and for GTP is 2.9 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 at 0 degree C. By using appropriately determined dissociation rate constants we have determined the binding constant for p21.GDP and p21.GTP in the presence of excess Mg2+ to be 5.7 X 10(10) M-1 and 6.0 X 10(10) M-1, respectively, at 0 degree C. Guanosine Diphosphate 230-233 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 226-229 3298232-5 1987 The association rate constant for p21 and GDP is 1.47 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 and for GTP is 2.9 X 10(6) M-1 s-1 at 0 degree C. By using appropriately determined dissociation rate constants we have determined the binding constant for p21.GDP and p21.GTP in the presence of excess Mg2+ to be 5.7 X 10(10) M-1 and 6.0 X 10(10) M-1, respectively, at 0 degree C. Guanosine Diphosphate 230-233 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 226-229 3028791-0 1987 Characterisation of the metal-ion-GDP complex at the active sites of transforming and nontransforming p21 proteins by observation of the 17O-Mn superhyperfine coupling and by kinetic methods. Guanosine Diphosphate 34-37 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 102-105 3028791-1 1987 Kinetic studies on the interaction of three Ha-ras-encoded p21 proteins with GDP and MgGDP have yielded values for the association (10(6)-10(7) M-1 s-1) and dissociation (10(-3)-10(-5) s-1) rate constants at 0 degrees C. Dramatic differences in the rate constants were not observed for the three proteins. Guanosine Diphosphate 77-80 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 59-62 3028791-8 1987 These results have been used to construct a model for the interactions of Mg X GDP with the active site of p21 proteins. Guanosine Diphosphate 79-82 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 107-110 3533923-2 1986 Approximately 70% of GTP binding and autokinase activities of p21 were inactivated by NEM, and excessive amounts of GTP or GDP protected p21 activities. Guanosine Diphosphate 123-126 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 62-65 3533923-2 1986 Approximately 70% of GTP binding and autokinase activities of p21 were inactivated by NEM, and excessive amounts of GTP or GDP protected p21 activities. Guanosine Diphosphate 123-126 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 137-140 3333361-11 1986 Studies using site-directed mutagenesis and immnochemical probes, indicate that the basic structure of the GDP binding site is conserved between p21 and EF-Tu. Guanosine Diphosphate 107-110 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 145-148 3919305-1 1985 Mammalian ras oncogenes encode polypeptides of relative molecular mass (Mr) 21,000 (p21) which bind GTP and GDP. Guanosine Diphosphate 108-111 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 84-87 3927300-4 1985 Furthermore, binding of the antibody to p21 was specifically inhibited by GTP or GDP, suggesting that amino acids around position 12 are part of the GTP/GDP binding site. Guanosine Diphosphate 81-84 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 40-43 3927300-4 1985 Furthermore, binding of the antibody to p21 was specifically inhibited by GTP or GDP, suggesting that amino acids around position 12 are part of the GTP/GDP binding site. Guanosine Diphosphate 153-156 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 40-43 15200053-1 2004 ras-p21 protein binds to the son-of-sevenless (SOS) guanine nucleotide-exchange promoter that allows it to exchange GDP for GTP. Guanosine Diphosphate 116-119 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 4-7 6148751-2 1984 The purified protein molecules possess intrinsic GTPase activity on the basis of the following criteria: (i) elution of the GTPase activity with p21 GDP-binding activity in two different chromatography systems, (ii) parallel thermal inactivation of GTPase activity and p21 GTP-binding activity, and (iii) immunoprecipitation of the GTPase activity with monoclonal antibodies to p21. Guanosine Diphosphate 149-152 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 145-148 25567764-1 2015 We report in this work that the Abeta peptide directly interacts with tubulin close to the vinblastine and GTP/GDP binding site, inhibits the tubulin polymerization rate, induces tubulin aggregation, causes cell shrinking, enhances Mad2, BubR1, p53, and p21 activation in MCF7 cells and induces the apoptotic death of A549, HeLa and MCF7 cells. Guanosine Diphosphate 111-114 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 254-257 17094109-5 2007 At the first stage, a unified action of the nearest residues of Ras and the nearest water molecules results in a substantial spatial separation of the gamma-phosphate group of GTP from the rest of the molecule (GDP). Guanosine Diphosphate 211-214 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 64-67 15906320-4 2005 At the first stage, a unified motion of Arg789 of GAP, Gln61, Thr35 of Ras, and the lytic water molecule results in a substantial spatial separation of the gamma-phosphate group of GTP from the rest of the molecule (GDP). Guanosine Diphosphate 216-219 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 71-74 11721009-5 2001 However, by performing molecular dynamic calculations, we found that the structure of the active site of the enzyme substrate complex in the oncogenic mutant p21(ras) continuously changes, and these continuous changes in the active site would make it difficult for the GTP-->GDP hydrolysis reaction to occur in the mutant. Guanosine Diphosphate 278-281 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 158-161 10198354-4 1999 Carbachol and endothelin-1 increased GTP-bound p21(ras) in a pertussis toxin-sensitive manner [ratio of [32P]GTP to ([32P]GTP + [32P]GDP): control, 30 +/- 1.7; 3 min of 1 microM carbachol, 39 +/- 1.1; 3 min of 1 microM endothelin-1, 40 +/- 1.2], whereas histamine, bradykinin, and KCl were without effect. Guanosine Diphosphate 133-136 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 47-50 10585950-2 1999 Lys(16) was demonstrated to be crucial to the function of Ras p21, and the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP was found to be an one-step reaction. Guanosine Diphosphate 96-99 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 62-65 9878368-2 1998 When the structure of GDP-RanQ69L from monoclinic crystals with P21 symmetry was compared with the structure of wild-type Ran obtained from monoclinic crystals, the Q69L mutant showed a large conformational change in residues 68-74, which are in the switch II region of the molecule which changes conformation in response to nucleotide state and which forms the major interaction interface with nuclear transport factor 2 (NTF2, sometimes called p10). Guanosine Diphosphate 22-25 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 64-67 10469432-2 1999 GTP to inactive Ras.GDP. Guanosine Diphosphate 20-23 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 16-19 9778364-8 1998 These results demonstrate that ligands play a significant role in the stability and structure of the p21.GDP.Mg2+ complex. Guanosine Diphosphate 105-108 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 101-104 9778365-1 1998 p21(H-ras) plays a critical role in signal transduction pathways by cycling between an active, GTP/Mg2+ ternary complex and an inactive, GDP/Mg2+ complex. Guanosine Diphosphate 137-140 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 0-3 9778365-11 1998 Only the faster unfolding reaction is observed in the absence of Mg2+, suggesting that this reaction corresponds to the unfolding of the binary complex, p21(H-ras)*GDP. Guanosine Diphosphate 164-167 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 153-156 9778365-12 1998 The slower unfolding reaction presumably corresponds to the unfolding of the ternary complex, p21(H-ras)*GDP. Guanosine Diphosphate 105-108 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 94-97 9778365-14 1998 The kinetic data show that the refolding/unfolding of p21(H-ras) occurs through parallel channels that are strongly influenced by the binding/release of GDP and Mg2+ to/from a pair of native conformers. Guanosine Diphosphate 153-156 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 54-57