PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 12124727-2 2002 HLCS catalyzes the biotinylation of the four human biotin-dependent carboxylases. Biotin 19-25 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-4 15456772-3 2004 In this study, we show that mRNA levels of enzymes involved in biotin utilization, including HCS, are down-regulated during biotin deficiency in liver while remaining constitutively expressed in brain. Biotin 63-69 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 93-96 15456772-3 2004 In this study, we show that mRNA levels of enzymes involved in biotin utilization, including HCS, are down-regulated during biotin deficiency in liver while remaining constitutively expressed in brain. Biotin 124-130 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 93-96 15456772-5 2004 In MCD, it is possible that some of the manifestations of the disease may be associated with down-regulation of biotin utilization in liver because of the impaired activity of HCS and that high dose biotin therapy may in part be important to overcoming the adverse regulatory impact in such organs. Biotin 112-118 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 176-179 14613969-1 2004 The attachment of biotin to apocarboxylases is catalyzed by holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS). Biotin 18-24 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 60-86 14613969-1 2004 The attachment of biotin to apocarboxylases is catalyzed by holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS). Biotin 18-24 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 88-91 14613969-8 2004 We propose that the role of HCS in histone modification may be linked to the participation of biotin in the regulation of gene expression or cell division and that affected patients may have additional disease beyond that due to the effect on carboxylases. Biotin 94-100 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 12855220-4 2003 The unusual and insufficient response of this patient to biotin treatment can be explained by the effect of the combination of the common HLCS allele IVS10 +5 g>a on one chromosome and a truncating mutation on the other. Biotin 57-63 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 138-142 12124727-10 2002 The patient"s severe clinical phenotype and partial responsiveness to biotin support a genotype-phenotype correlation through the involvement of residues of the N-terminal region in a substrate specificity recognition or regulation of the HLCS enzyme. Biotin 70-76 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 239-243 11735028-1 2001 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) is an enzyme that catalyzes the incorporation of biotin into apo-carboxylases, and its deficiency causes biotin-responsive multiple carboxylase deficiency. Biotin 83-89 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 12097659-7 2002 Similarly, expression of the gene encoding holocarboxylase synthetase (which catalyzes binding of biotin to carboxylases) increased in response to proliferation, suggesting that cellular capacity to biotinylate carboxylases was increased. Biotin 98-104 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 43-69 11959985-0 2002 Holocarboxylase synthetase is an obligate participant in biotin-mediated regulation of its own expression and of biotin-dependent carboxylases mRNA levels in human cells. Biotin 57-63 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 11959985-0 2002 Holocarboxylase synthetase is an obligate participant in biotin-mediated regulation of its own expression and of biotin-dependent carboxylases mRNA levels in human cells. Biotin 113-119 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 11959985-1 2002 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyzes the covalent attachment of biotin to five biotin-dependent carboxylases in human cells. Biotin 70-76 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 11959985-1 2002 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyzes the covalent attachment of biotin to five biotin-dependent carboxylases in human cells. Biotin 70-76 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 11959985-1 2002 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyzes the covalent attachment of biotin to five biotin-dependent carboxylases in human cells. Biotin 85-91 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 11959985-1 2002 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyzes the covalent attachment of biotin to five biotin-dependent carboxylases in human cells. Biotin 85-91 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 11959985-3 2002 Here, we report the obligatory participation of HCS in the biotin-dependent stimulation of the level of HCS mRNA and those of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and the alpha subunit of propionyl-CoA carboxylase in human cells. Biotin 59-65 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 48-51 11959985-3 2002 Here, we report the obligatory participation of HCS in the biotin-dependent stimulation of the level of HCS mRNA and those of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and the alpha subunit of propionyl-CoA carboxylase in human cells. Biotin 59-65 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 104-107 11959985-7 2002 We propose a regulatory role for biotin in the control of HCS and carboxylase mRNA levels through a signaling cascade that requires HCS, guanylate cyclase, and cGMP-dependent protein kinase. Biotin 33-39 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 58-61 11959985-7 2002 We propose a regulatory role for biotin in the control of HCS and carboxylase mRNA levels through a signaling cascade that requires HCS, guanylate cyclase, and cGMP-dependent protein kinase. Biotin 33-39 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 132-135 11735028-1 2001 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) is an enzyme that catalyzes the incorporation of biotin into apo-carboxylases, and its deficiency causes biotin-responsive multiple carboxylase deficiency. Biotin 83-89 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-32 11735028-1 2001 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) is an enzyme that catalyzes the incorporation of biotin into apo-carboxylases, and its deficiency causes biotin-responsive multiple carboxylase deficiency. Biotin 139-145 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 11735028-1 2001 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) is an enzyme that catalyzes the incorporation of biotin into apo-carboxylases, and its deficiency causes biotin-responsive multiple carboxylase deficiency. Biotin 139-145 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-32 10064313-1 1999 Enzymatic attachment of biotin to proteins requires the interaction of a distinct domain of the acceptor protein (the "biotin domain") with the enzyme, biotin protein ligase, that catalyzes this essential and rare post-translational modification. Biotin 24-30 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 152-173 10653324-1 2000 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) deficiency is a disorder of biotin metabolism characterised by metabolic ketoacidosis and skin lesions due to reduced activities of multiple biotin-dependent carboxylases. Biotin 174-180 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 10653324-1 2000 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) deficiency is a disorder of biotin metabolism characterised by metabolic ketoacidosis and skin lesions due to reduced activities of multiple biotin-dependent carboxylases. Biotin 174-180 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 10653324-1 2000 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) deficiency is a disorder of biotin metabolism characterised by metabolic ketoacidosis and skin lesions due to reduced activities of multiple biotin-dependent carboxylases. Biotin 61-67 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 10653324-1 2000 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) deficiency is a disorder of biotin metabolism characterised by metabolic ketoacidosis and skin lesions due to reduced activities of multiple biotin-dependent carboxylases. Biotin 61-67 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 10590022-3 1999 Two of these enzymes harbored mutations within the putative biotin-binding region of HCS and showed elevated Km values for biotin compared with that of the wild-type form (Km mutant; Gly581Ser: 45 times, delThr610: 3 times). Biotin 60-66 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 85-88 10590022-3 1999 Two of these enzymes harbored mutations within the putative biotin-binding region of HCS and showed elevated Km values for biotin compared with that of the wild-type form (Km mutant; Gly581Ser: 45 times, delThr610: 3 times). Biotin 123-129 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 85-88 10590022-7 1999 This is probably because the Km value for biotin of normal HCS is higher than the physiologic concentration of biotin in human cells. Biotin 42-48 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 59-62 10590022-7 1999 This is probably because the Km value for biotin of normal HCS is higher than the physiologic concentration of biotin in human cells. Biotin 111-117 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 59-62 10590022-9 1999 The responsiveness to biotin supplementation of propionyl-CoA carboxylase activity in cultured cells bearing the mutations correlated well with the degree of reduction in the Vmax of HCS. Biotin 22-28 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 183-186 10590022-10 1999 Patients who have mutant HCS proteins with lower Vmax showed poorer clinical and biochemical responses to biotin therapy. Biotin 106-112 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 25-28 10437643-1 1999 Deficiency of holocarboxylase synthetase leads to multiple carboxylase deficiency, which is fatal in the absence of prompt diagnosis and treatment with biotin. Biotin 152-158 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 14-40 10064313-1 1999 Enzymatic attachment of biotin to proteins requires the interaction of a distinct domain of the acceptor protein (the "biotin domain") with the enzyme, biotin protein ligase, that catalyzes this essential and rare post-translational modification. Biotin 119-125 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 152-173 7753853-0 1995 Isolation of a cDNA encoding human holocarboxylase synthetase by functional complementation of a biotin auxotroph of Escherichia coli. Biotin 97-103 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 35-61 9630604-1 1998 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) is a key enzyme in biotin utilization in eukaryotic cells. Biotin 52-58 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 9630604-1 1998 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) is a key enzyme in biotin utilization in eukaryotic cells. Biotin 52-58 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 8814349-2 1996 Kinetic analysis of HCS from normal fibroblasts showed that the Km for biotin was 260 +/- 94 nmol/l (mean +/- S.D. Biotin 71-77 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 20-23 8587199-1 1996 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) plays an essential role in biotin utilization in cells and its deficiency causes biotin-responsive multiple carboxylase deficiency in humans. Biotin 60-66 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 8587199-1 1996 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) plays an essential role in biotin utilization in cells and its deficiency causes biotin-responsive multiple carboxylase deficiency in humans. Biotin 60-66 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 8587199-1 1996 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) plays an essential role in biotin utilization in cells and its deficiency causes biotin-responsive multiple carboxylase deficiency in humans. Biotin 114-120 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 8587199-1 1996 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) plays an essential role in biotin utilization in cells and its deficiency causes biotin-responsive multiple carboxylase deficiency in humans. Biotin 114-120 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 10068510-1 1999 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyses the biotinylation of the four biotin-dependent carboxylases found in humans. Biotin 47-53 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 10068510-1 1999 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyses the biotinylation of the four biotin-dependent carboxylases found in humans. Biotin 47-53 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 10068510-2 1999 A deficiency in HCS results in biotin-responsive multiple carboxylase deficiency. Biotin 31-37 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 16-19 10068510-3 1999 We have evaluated the biotin responsiveness associated with six missense mutations previously identified in affected patients by expression of plasmids containing the mutated HCS in an Escherichia coli strain mutated in the corresponding BirA gene. Biotin 22-28 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 175-178 9758715-2 1998 Holocarboxylase synthetase first catalyzes the formation of biotinyl-AMP from biotin and ATP, an activity designated as biotinyl-AMP synthetase. Biotin 60-66 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 9396568-0 1997 Characterization of mutant holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS): a Km for biotin was not elevated in a patient with HCS deficiency. Biotin 70-76 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 27-53 9396568-0 1997 Characterization of mutant holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS): a Km for biotin was not elevated in a patient with HCS deficiency. Biotin 70-76 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 55-58 9128289-12 1997 The results in the five patients are in accordance with a primary defect of holocarboxylase synthetase due to a decreased affinity for biotin, in one patient combined with a decreased Vmax. Biotin 135-141 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 76-102 9183268-3 1997 The primary defect in cases studied to date appears to be the decreased affinity of HCS for its substrate, biotin (Gompertz et al. Biotin 107-113 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 84-87 9183268-5 1997 Supplemental biotin can provide sufficient substrate to increase HCS enzymatic function and thereby permit biotinylation of the four carboxylase apoenzymes (Briones et al. Biotin 13-19 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 65-68 9350481-2 1997 The underlying mechanism in HCS-deficiency, discovered in 1981, is decreased affinity of HCS for biotin impairing the formation of holocarboxylases at physiological biotin levels. Biotin 97-103 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 9350481-2 1997 The underlying mechanism in HCS-deficiency, discovered in 1981, is decreased affinity of HCS for biotin impairing the formation of holocarboxylases at physiological biotin levels. Biotin 165-171 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 8817339-1 1996 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyses the biotinylation of the four biotin-dependent carboxylases found in humans. Biotin 47-53 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 8817339-1 1996 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyses the biotinylation of the four biotin-dependent carboxylases found in humans. Biotin 47-53 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 8817339-2 1996 A deficiency in HCS results in biotin-responsive multiple carboxylase deficiency (MCD). Biotin 31-37 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 16-19 7753853-1 1995 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyzes the biotinylation of the four biotin-dependent carboxylases in human cells. Biotin 47-53 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 7753853-1 1995 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyzes the biotinylation of the four biotin-dependent carboxylases in human cells. Biotin 47-53 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 7753853-3 1995 We isolated 21 human HCS cDNA clones, in four size classes of 2.0-4.0 kb, by complementation of an Escherichia coli birA mutant defective in biotin ligase. Biotin 141-147 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 21-24 7753853-7 1995 Human HCS shows specific regions of homology with the BirA protein of E. coli and the presumptive biotin ligase of Paracoccus denitrificans. Biotin 98-104 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 6-9 3920902-0 1985 Heterogeneity of holocarboxylase synthetase in patients with biotin-responsive multiple carboxylase deficiency. Biotin 61-67 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 17-43 7842009-1 1994 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) plays an essential role in biotin utilization in eukaryotic cells and its deficiency causes biotin-responsive multiple carboxylase deficiency in humans. Biotin 60-66 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 7842009-1 1994 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) plays an essential role in biotin utilization in eukaryotic cells and its deficiency causes biotin-responsive multiple carboxylase deficiency in humans. Biotin 60-66 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 7842009-4 1994 Human HCS shows homology to BirA, which acts as both a biotin-[acetyl-CoA-carboxylase] ligase and a biotin repressor in E. coli, suggesting a functional relationship between the two proteins. Biotin 55-61 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 6-9 35063765-1 2022 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) catalyzes the covalent attachment of biotin onto the biotin-dependent carboxylases. Biotin 71-77 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 35063765-1 2022 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) catalyzes the covalent attachment of biotin onto the biotin-dependent carboxylases. Biotin 71-77 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-32 35063765-1 2022 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) catalyzes the covalent attachment of biotin onto the biotin-dependent carboxylases. Biotin 87-93 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 35063765-1 2022 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) catalyzes the covalent attachment of biotin onto the biotin-dependent carboxylases. Biotin 87-93 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-32 3148068-0 1988 Biotin-responsive multiple carboxylase deficiency in an 8-year-old boy with normal serum biotinidase and fibroblast holocarboxylase-synthetase activities. Biotin 0-6 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 116-142 3920902-1 1985 Holocarboxylase synthetase activity has been determined in fibroblasts of seven patients with the neonatal form of biotin-responsive multiple carboxylase deficiency. Biotin 115-121 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 3920902-4 1985 Differences among the values obtained for the Km for biotin and the heat stability of holocarboxylase synthetase suggested that the patients studied represented at least four distinct variants at the holocarboxylase synthetase locus. Biotin 53-59 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 200-226 32727786-1 2020 BACKGROUND/AIM: Holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) catalyzes the specific attachment of biotin onto biotin-dependent carboxylases (BDCs) which play important roles in intermediary metabolism. Biotin 87-93 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 16-42 7102675-0 1982 Evidence for a defect of holocarboxylase synthetase activity in cultured lymphoblasts from a patient with biotin-responsive multiple carboxylase deficiency. Biotin 106-112 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 25-51 2864473-1 1985 There appear to be at least two underlying aetiologies for combined carboxylase deficiency; firstly, a failure of biotinylation of apocarboxylases due to a mutation of holocarboxylase synthetase (EC 6.3.4.10) which results in an enzyme with a high Km with respect to biotin and secondly, a failure of biotinylation due to a lowered availability of biotin due to biotinidase deficiency (EC 3.5.1.12). Biotin 267-273 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 168-194 6614920-5 1983 The results suggest a possible relationship between the activity of the holocarboxylase synthetase and the level of the biotin-dependent carboxylases within the mammalian cell. Biotin 120-126 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 72-98 32727786-1 2020 BACKGROUND/AIM: Holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) catalyzes the specific attachment of biotin onto biotin-dependent carboxylases (BDCs) which play important roles in intermediary metabolism. Biotin 87-93 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 44-48 32727786-1 2020 BACKGROUND/AIM: Holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) catalyzes the specific attachment of biotin onto biotin-dependent carboxylases (BDCs) which play important roles in intermediary metabolism. Biotin 99-105 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 16-42 32727786-1 2020 BACKGROUND/AIM: Holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) catalyzes the specific attachment of biotin onto biotin-dependent carboxylases (BDCs) which play important roles in intermediary metabolism. Biotin 99-105 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 44-48 32727382-3 2020 The Chinese proband carries the common missense mutation c.1522C > T (p.Arg508Trp) in exon 9 of the HLCS gene, which generates an increased Km value for biotin. Biotin 153-159 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 100-104 24840043-1 2014 HLCS (holocarboxylase synthetase) is a nuclear protein that catalyses the binding of biotin to distinct lysine residues in chromatin proteins. Biotin 85-91 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-4 28564555-0 2017 Holocarboxylase Synthetase: A Moonlighting Transcriptional Coregulator of Gene Expression and a Cytosolic Regulator of Biotin Utilization. Biotin 119-125 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 28564555-4 2017 Biotin is attached to apocarboxylases by a biotin ligase: holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) in mammalian cells and BirA in microbes. Biotin 0-6 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 58-84 28564555-4 2017 Biotin is attached to apocarboxylases by a biotin ligase: holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) in mammalian cells and BirA in microbes. Biotin 0-6 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 86-89 28564555-4 2017 Biotin is attached to apocarboxylases by a biotin ligase: holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) in mammalian cells and BirA in microbes. Biotin 43-49 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 58-84 28564555-4 2017 Biotin is attached to apocarboxylases by a biotin ligase: holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) in mammalian cells and BirA in microbes. Biotin 43-49 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 86-89 28564555-6 2017 However, beyond its role in metabolism, HCS participates in the regulation of biotin utilization and acts as a nuclear transcriptional coregulator of gene expression. Biotin 78-84 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 40-43 28564555-8 2017 We suggest that HCS be classified as a moonlighting protein, with two biotin-dependent cytosolic metabolic roles and a distinct biotin-independent nuclear coregulatory function. Biotin 70-76 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 16-19 28564555-8 2017 We suggest that HCS be classified as a moonlighting protein, with two biotin-dependent cytosolic metabolic roles and a distinct biotin-independent nuclear coregulatory function. Biotin 128-134 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 16-19 25466176-1 2014 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) catalyzes the covalent attachment of biotin to cytoplasmic and mitochondrial carboxylases, nuclear histones, and over a hundred human proteins. Biotin 71-77 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 25466176-1 2014 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) catalyzes the covalent attachment of biotin to cytoplasmic and mitochondrial carboxylases, nuclear histones, and over a hundred human proteins. Biotin 71-77 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-32 26601567-11 2016 In AT, HLCS and ACACB were hypermethylated and biotin cycle genes HLCS and BTD were downregulated (P<0.05). Biotin 47-53 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 66-70 24840043-1 2014 HLCS (holocarboxylase synthetase) is a nuclear protein that catalyses the binding of biotin to distinct lysine residues in chromatin proteins. Biotin 85-91 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 6-32 24239178-0 2014 Holocarboxylase synthetase acts as a biotin-independent transcriptional repressor interacting with HDAC1, HDAC2 and HDAC7. Biotin 37-43 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 24684412-1 2014 The role of holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) in catalyzing the covalent binding of biotin to the five biotin-dependent carboxylases in humans is well established, as are the essential roles of these carboxylases in the metabolism of fatty acids, the catabolism of leucine, and gluconeogenesis. Biotin 84-90 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 12-38 24684412-1 2014 The role of holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) in catalyzing the covalent binding of biotin to the five biotin-dependent carboxylases in humans is well established, as are the essential roles of these carboxylases in the metabolism of fatty acids, the catabolism of leucine, and gluconeogenesis. Biotin 84-90 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 40-44 24684412-1 2014 The role of holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) in catalyzing the covalent binding of biotin to the five biotin-dependent carboxylases in humans is well established, as are the essential roles of these carboxylases in the metabolism of fatty acids, the catabolism of leucine, and gluconeogenesis. Biotin 103-109 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 12-38 24684412-1 2014 The role of holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) in catalyzing the covalent binding of biotin to the five biotin-dependent carboxylases in humans is well established, as are the essential roles of these carboxylases in the metabolism of fatty acids, the catabolism of leucine, and gluconeogenesis. Biotin 103-109 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 40-44 24361214-0 2014 Holocarboxylase synthetase: a multitalented protein with roles in biotin transfer, gene regulation and chromatin dynamics. Biotin 66-72 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 24239178-1 2014 In human cells, HCS catalyzes the biotinylation of biotin-dependent carboxylases and mediates the transcriptional control of genes involved in biotin metabolism through the activation of a cGMP-dependent signal transduction pathway. Biotin 34-40 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 16-19 24239178-1 2014 In human cells, HCS catalyzes the biotinylation of biotin-dependent carboxylases and mediates the transcriptional control of genes involved in biotin metabolism through the activation of a cGMP-dependent signal transduction pathway. Biotin 51-57 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 16-19 24239178-8 2014 We show further that HCS interaction with HDACs and its function in transcriptional repression is not affected by mutations impairing its biotin-ligase activity. Biotin 138-144 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 21-24 24239178-9 2014 We propose that nuclear HCS mediates events of transcriptional repression through a biotin-independent mechanism that involves its interaction with chromatin-modifying protein complexes that include histone deacetylases. Biotin 84-90 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 24-27 24278788-6 2013 HCS1 is the only functional biotin ligase in Arabidopsis and has a high homology with human HCS. Biotin 28-34 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-3 24007195-2 2013 Here we tested the hypothesis that biotin and folate synergize in the repression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and long-terminal repeats (LTRs), mediated by interactions between HLCS and other chromatin proteins. Biotin 35-41 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 178-182 24007195-8 2013 We conclude that biotin and folate synergize in the repression of LTRs and that these interactions are probably mediated by HLCS-dependent epigenetic mechanisms. Biotin 17-23 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 124-128 23337344-1 2013 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyzes the binding of the vitamin biotin to histones H3 and H4, thereby creating rare histone biotinylation marks in the epigenome. Biotin 62-76 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 23337344-1 2013 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyzes the binding of the vitamin biotin to histones H3 and H4, thereby creating rare histone biotinylation marks in the epigenome. Biotin 62-76 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 23219734-1 2013 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) is part of a multiprotein gene repression complex and catalyzes the covalent binding of biotin to lysines (K) in histones H3 and H4, thereby creating rare gene repression marks such as K16-biotinylated histone H4 (H4K16bio). Biotin 122-128 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 23219734-1 2013 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) is part of a multiprotein gene repression complex and catalyzes the covalent binding of biotin to lysines (K) in histones H3 and H4, thereby creating rare gene repression marks such as K16-biotinylated histone H4 (H4K16bio). Biotin 122-128 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-32 22027809-1 2012 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) is a biotin protein ligase, which has a pivotal role in biotin-dependent metabolic pathways and epigenetic phenomena in humans. Biotin 39-45 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 22192339-1 2012 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyzes the binding of biotin to lysine (K) residues in histones H3 and H4. Biotin 58-64 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 22192339-1 2012 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyzes the binding of biotin to lysine (K) residues in histones H3 and H4. Biotin 58-64 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 22027809-1 2012 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) is a biotin protein ligase, which has a pivotal role in biotin-dependent metabolic pathways and epigenetic phenomena in humans. Biotin 39-45 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-32 22027809-5 2012 Here, we tested the hypotheses that HLCS SNPs impair enzyme activity, and that biotin supplementation restores the activities of HLCS variants to wild-type levels. Biotin 79-85 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 129-133 22027809-8 2012 The biotin affinity of variant Q699R is lower than that of the wild-type control, but the maximal activity was restored to that of wild-type HLCS when assay mixtures were supplemented with biotin. Biotin 4-10 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 141-145 22027809-8 2012 The biotin affinity of variant Q699R is lower than that of the wild-type control, but the maximal activity was restored to that of wild-type HLCS when assay mixtures were supplemented with biotin. Biotin 189-195 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 141-145 22027809-9 2012 In contrast, the biotin affinities of HLCS variants V96F and G510R are not significantly different from the wild-type control, but their maximal activities remained moderately lower than that of wild-type HLCS even when assay mixtures were supplemented with biotin. Biotin 17-23 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 38-42 22027809-9 2012 In contrast, the biotin affinities of HLCS variants V96F and G510R are not significantly different from the wild-type control, but their maximal activities remained moderately lower than that of wild-type HLCS even when assay mixtures were supplemented with biotin. Biotin 17-23 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 205-209 22027809-9 2012 In contrast, the biotin affinities of HLCS variants V96F and G510R are not significantly different from the wild-type control, but their maximal activities remained moderately lower than that of wild-type HLCS even when assay mixtures were supplemented with biotin. Biotin 258-264 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 38-42 22027809-11 2012 Our findings suggest that individuals with HLCS SNPs may benefit from supplemental biotin, yet to different extents depending on the genotype. Biotin 83-89 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 43-47 21894551-2 2012 A key molecule in the biotin cycle is holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS), which attaches biotin onto the biotin-dependent enzymes. Biotin 22-28 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 38-64 22123817-1 2012 Human holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyzes linkage of the vitamin biotin to the biotin carboxyl carrier protein (BCCP) domain of five biotin-dependent carboxylases. Biotin 64-78 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 6-32 22123817-1 2012 Human holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyzes linkage of the vitamin biotin to the biotin carboxyl carrier protein (BCCP) domain of five biotin-dependent carboxylases. Biotin 64-78 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 34-37 22123817-1 2012 Human holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyzes linkage of the vitamin biotin to the biotin carboxyl carrier protein (BCCP) domain of five biotin-dependent carboxylases. Biotin 72-78 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 6-32 22123817-1 2012 Human holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyzes linkage of the vitamin biotin to the biotin carboxyl carrier protein (BCCP) domain of five biotin-dependent carboxylases. Biotin 72-78 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 34-37 22123817-3 2012 Selectivity in HCS-catalyzed biotinylation to the carboxylases was investigated in single turnover stopped flow and quench flow measurements of biotin transfer to the minimal biotin acceptor BCCP fragments of the carboxylases. Biotin 29-35 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 15-18 22123817-3 2012 Selectivity in HCS-catalyzed biotinylation to the carboxylases was investigated in single turnover stopped flow and quench flow measurements of biotin transfer to the minimal biotin acceptor BCCP fragments of the carboxylases. Biotin 144-150 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 15-18 22123817-6 2012 The correlation between HCS accessibility to biotin acceptor substrates and the kinetics of biotinylation suggests that mitochondrial carboxylase sequences evolved to produce fast association rates with HCS in order to ensure biotinylation prior to mitochondrial import. Biotin 45-51 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 24-27 22123817-6 2012 The correlation between HCS accessibility to biotin acceptor substrates and the kinetics of biotinylation suggests that mitochondrial carboxylase sequences evolved to produce fast association rates with HCS in order to ensure biotinylation prior to mitochondrial import. Biotin 45-51 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 203-206 22123817-7 2012 In addition, the results are consistent with a role for HCS specificity in dictating biotin distribution among carboxylases. Biotin 85-91 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 56-59 21894551-2 2012 A key molecule in the biotin cycle is holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS), which attaches biotin onto the biotin-dependent enzymes. Biotin 22-28 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 66-70 21894551-2 2012 A key molecule in the biotin cycle is holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS), which attaches biotin onto the biotin-dependent enzymes. Biotin 88-94 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 38-64 21894551-2 2012 A key molecule in the biotin cycle is holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS), which attaches biotin onto the biotin-dependent enzymes. Biotin 88-94 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 66-70 21894551-2 2012 A key molecule in the biotin cycle is holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS), which attaches biotin onto the biotin-dependent enzymes. Biotin 88-94 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 38-64 21894551-2 2012 A key molecule in the biotin cycle is holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS), which attaches biotin onto the biotin-dependent enzymes. Biotin 88-94 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 66-70 21930408-1 2011 Previous studies suggest that histones H3 and H4 are posttranslationally modified by binding of the vitamin biotin, catalyzed by holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS). Biotin 108-114 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 129-155 21930408-1 2011 Previous studies suggest that histones H3 and H4 are posttranslationally modified by binding of the vitamin biotin, catalyzed by holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS). Biotin 108-114 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 157-160 21930408-8 2011 In this model, docking of HCS in chromatin causes the occasional binding of biotin to histones as a tracer for HCS binding sites. Biotin 76-82 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 26-29 21930408-8 2011 In this model, docking of HCS in chromatin causes the occasional binding of biotin to histones as a tracer for HCS binding sites. Biotin 76-82 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 111-114 21195703-1 2011 BACKGROUND: Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyzes the covalent binding of biotin to both carboxylases and histones. Biotin 79-85 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 12-38 21802411-1 2011 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) catalyzes the covalent binding of biotin to both carboxylases in extranuclear structures and histones in cell nuclei, thereby mediating important roles in intermediary metabolism, gene regulation, and genome stability. Biotin 68-74 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 21802411-1 2011 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) catalyzes the covalent binding of biotin to both carboxylases in extranuclear structures and histones in cell nuclei, thereby mediating important roles in intermediary metabolism, gene regulation, and genome stability. Biotin 68-74 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-32 20688500-1 2011 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) mediates the binding of biotin to lysine (K) residues in histones H2A, H3 and H4; HCS knockdown disturbs gene regulation and decreases stress resistance and lifespan in eukaryotes. Biotin 57-63 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 20688500-1 2011 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) mediates the binding of biotin to lysine (K) residues in histones H2A, H3 and H4; HCS knockdown disturbs gene regulation and decreases stress resistance and lifespan in eukaryotes. Biotin 57-63 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 20688500-1 2011 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) mediates the binding of biotin to lysine (K) residues in histones H2A, H3 and H4; HCS knockdown disturbs gene regulation and decreases stress resistance and lifespan in eukaryotes. Biotin 57-63 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 115-118 20688500-6 2011 Recombinant histone H3.2 and synthetic H3-based peptides were also good targets for biotinylation by recombinant HCS (rHCS) in vitro, based on tracing histone-bound biotin with [(3)H]biotin, streptavidin and anti-biotin antibody. Biotin 84-90 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 113-116 20688500-6 2011 Recombinant histone H3.2 and synthetic H3-based peptides were also good targets for biotinylation by recombinant HCS (rHCS) in vitro, based on tracing histone-bound biotin with [(3)H]biotin, streptavidin and anti-biotin antibody. Biotin 165-171 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 113-116 20688500-6 2011 Recombinant histone H3.2 and synthetic H3-based peptides were also good targets for biotinylation by recombinant HCS (rHCS) in vitro, based on tracing histone-bound biotin with [(3)H]biotin, streptavidin and anti-biotin antibody. Biotin 165-171 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 113-116 20688500-9 2011 We speculate that the targeting of HCS to distinct regions in human chromatin is mediated by DNA sequence, biotin, RNA, epigenetic marks or chromatin proteins. Biotin 107-113 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 35-38 21555910-1 2011 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) catalyzes the covalent binding of biotin to histones. Biotin 68-74 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 21555910-1 2011 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HLCS) catalyzes the covalent binding of biotin to histones. Biotin 68-74 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-32 21608095-1 2011 Biotin protein ligase (BPL) mediates the covalent attachment of biotin to a specific lysine residue of biotin carboxyl carrier protein (BCCP). Biotin 64-70 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-21 21608095-1 2011 Biotin protein ligase (BPL) mediates the covalent attachment of biotin to a specific lysine residue of biotin carboxyl carrier protein (BCCP). Biotin 64-70 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 23-26 21303649-1 2011 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) is a chromatin protein that is essential for mediating the covalent binding of biotin to histones. Biotin 112-118 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 21303649-1 2011 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) is a chromatin protein that is essential for mediating the covalent binding of biotin to histones. Biotin 112-118 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 21195703-1 2011 BACKGROUND: Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyzes the covalent binding of biotin to both carboxylases and histones. Biotin 79-85 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 40-43 20357078-8 2010 The mechanisms of biotin homeostasis are qualitatively similar but quantitatively different in HepG2 and Jurkat cells; HCS, histone biotinylation, and biotin transporters play a role in homeostasis in both. Biotin 18-24 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 119-122 20592104-0 2010 Biotin regulates the expression of holocarboxylase synthetase in the miR-539 pathway in HEK-293 cells. Biotin 0-6 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 35-61 20592104-1 2010 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyzes the covalent binding of biotin to carboxylases and histones. Biotin 67-73 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 20592104-1 2010 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyzes the covalent binding of biotin to carboxylases and histones. Biotin 67-73 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 20592104-2 2010 In mammals, the expression of HCS depends on biotin, but the mechanism of regulation is unknown. Biotin 45-51 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 30-33 20592104-12 2010 Collectively, the results of this study suggest that miR-539 is among the factors sensing biotin and regulating HCS. Biotin 90-96 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 112-115 20443544-1 2010 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS, human) and BirA (Escherichia coli) are biotin protein ligases that catalyze the ATP-dependent attachment of biotin to apocarboxylases. Biotin 72-78 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 20443544-1 2010 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS, human) and BirA (Escherichia coli) are biotin protein ligases that catalyze the ATP-dependent attachment of biotin to apocarboxylases. Biotin 72-78 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 20443544-1 2010 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS, human) and BirA (Escherichia coli) are biotin protein ligases that catalyze the ATP-dependent attachment of biotin to apocarboxylases. Biotin 141-147 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 20443544-1 2010 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS, human) and BirA (Escherichia coli) are biotin protein ligases that catalyze the ATP-dependent attachment of biotin to apocarboxylases. Biotin 141-147 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 20443544-3 2010 Numerous studies have indicated that HCS and BirA, as well as biotin protein ligases from other organisms, can attach biotin to apocarboxylases from different organisms, indicating that the mechanism of biotin attachment is well conserved. Biotin 118-124 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 37-40 20443544-3 2010 Numerous studies have indicated that HCS and BirA, as well as biotin protein ligases from other organisms, can attach biotin to apocarboxylases from different organisms, indicating that the mechanism of biotin attachment is well conserved. Biotin 118-124 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 37-40 20153287-1 2010 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) governs the cellular fate of the essential micronutrient biotin (Vitamin H or B7). Biotin 90-96 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 20153287-1 2010 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) governs the cellular fate of the essential micronutrient biotin (Vitamin H or B7). Biotin 98-107 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 20153287-2 2010 HCS is responsible for attaching biotin onto the biotin-dependent enzymes that reside in the cytoplasm and mitochondria. Biotin 33-39 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-3 20153287-2 2010 HCS is responsible for attaching biotin onto the biotin-dependent enzymes that reside in the cytoplasm and mitochondria. Biotin 49-55 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-3 20153287-5 2010 Improved understanding of biotin biology demands greater knowledge about HCS. Biotin 26-32 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 73-76 20153287-1 2010 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) governs the cellular fate of the essential micronutrient biotin (Vitamin H or B7). Biotin 90-96 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 20153287-1 2010 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) governs the cellular fate of the essential micronutrient biotin (Vitamin H or B7). Biotin 98-107 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 19914215-0 2010 Substrate recognition characteristics of human holocarboxylase synthetase for biotin ligation. Biotin 78-84 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 47-73 20026029-1 2010 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyzes the binding of biotin to lysines in carboxylases and histones in two steps. Biotin 58-64 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 20026029-1 2010 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyzes the binding of biotin to lysines in carboxylases and histones in two steps. Biotin 58-64 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 20085763-4 2010 The domain interacts not only with biotin acceptor protein, but also with the catalytic domain of hHCS, as shown by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. Biotin 35-41 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 98-102 20085763-5 2010 We propose that the N-terminal domain of hHCS recognizes the charged region of biotin acceptor protein, distinctly from the recognition by the catalytic domain. Biotin 79-85 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 41-45 19914215-1 2010 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) is an essential enzyme that catalyzes the incorporation of biotin into apo carboxylase and the biotinylation of the four biotin-dependent carboxylases in the human cell. Biotin 92-98 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 19914215-1 2010 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) is an essential enzyme that catalyzes the incorporation of biotin into apo carboxylase and the biotinylation of the four biotin-dependent carboxylases in the human cell. Biotin 92-98 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 19914215-1 2010 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) is an essential enzyme that catalyzes the incorporation of biotin into apo carboxylase and the biotinylation of the four biotin-dependent carboxylases in the human cell. Biotin 128-134 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 19914215-1 2010 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) is an essential enzyme that catalyzes the incorporation of biotin into apo carboxylase and the biotinylation of the four biotin-dependent carboxylases in the human cell. Biotin 128-134 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 19812216-3 2009 Binding of biotin to histones, mediated by holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS), is a novel histone mark that plays a role in gene regulation. Biotin 11-17 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 43-69 19812216-3 2009 Binding of biotin to histones, mediated by holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS), is a novel histone mark that plays a role in gene regulation. Biotin 11-17 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 71-74 19740736-0 2009 Distinct amino termini of two human HCS isoforms influence biotin acceptor substrate recognition. Biotin 59-65 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 36-39 19740736-1 2009 The human holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyzes transfer of biotin to biotin-dependent carboxylases, and the enzyme is therefore of fundamental importance for many physiological processes, including fatty acid synthesis, gluconeogenesis, and amino acid catabolism. Biotin 65-71 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 10-36 19740736-1 2009 The human holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyzes transfer of biotin to biotin-dependent carboxylases, and the enzyme is therefore of fundamental importance for many physiological processes, including fatty acid synthesis, gluconeogenesis, and amino acid catabolism. Biotin 65-71 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 38-41 19740736-1 2009 The human holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyzes transfer of biotin to biotin-dependent carboxylases, and the enzyme is therefore of fundamental importance for many physiological processes, including fatty acid synthesis, gluconeogenesis, and amino acid catabolism. Biotin 75-81 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 10-36 19740736-1 2009 The human holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyzes transfer of biotin to biotin-dependent carboxylases, and the enzyme is therefore of fundamental importance for many physiological processes, including fatty acid synthesis, gluconeogenesis, and amino acid catabolism. Biotin 75-81 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 38-41 19740736-7 2009 However, pre-steady state analysis of biotin transfer reveals that the full-length HCS associates with the minimal biotin acceptor substrate with a rate twice as fast as that of the truncated isoform. Biotin 38-44 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 83-86 19740736-7 2009 However, pre-steady state analysis of biotin transfer reveals that the full-length HCS associates with the minimal biotin acceptor substrate with a rate twice as fast as that of the truncated isoform. Biotin 115-121 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 83-86 19740736-8 2009 These results are consistent with a role for the HCS amino terminus in biotin acceptor substrate recognition. Biotin 71-77 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 49-52 17904341-2 2008 In cells, biotin is covalently linked to histones in a reaction catalyzed by holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS); biotinylation of lysine 12-biotinylated histone H4 (K12Bio H4) causes gene silencing. Biotin 10-16 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 77-103 19157941-1 2009 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyzes the binding of the vitamin biotin to carboxylases and histones. Biotin 62-76 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 19157941-1 2009 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyzes the binding of the vitamin biotin to carboxylases and histones. Biotin 62-76 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 19157941-4 2009 HCS comprises four putative domains, i.e., the N-terminus, the biotin transfer/ATP-binding domain, a putative linker domain, and the C-terminus. Biotin 63-69 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-3 19160459-1 2009 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS, eukaryotic enzyme) and BirA (prokaryotic) are biotin protein ligases that catalyze the ATP-dependent attachment of biotin to apocarboxylases via the reactive intermediate, bio-5"-AMP. Biotin 79-85 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 19160459-1 2009 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS, eukaryotic enzyme) and BirA (prokaryotic) are biotin protein ligases that catalyze the ATP-dependent attachment of biotin to apocarboxylases via the reactive intermediate, bio-5"-AMP. Biotin 79-85 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 19160459-1 2009 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS, eukaryotic enzyme) and BirA (prokaryotic) are biotin protein ligases that catalyze the ATP-dependent attachment of biotin to apocarboxylases via the reactive intermediate, bio-5"-AMP. Biotin 148-154 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 19160459-1 2009 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS, eukaryotic enzyme) and BirA (prokaryotic) are biotin protein ligases that catalyze the ATP-dependent attachment of biotin to apocarboxylases via the reactive intermediate, bio-5"-AMP. Biotin 148-154 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 19160459-2 2009 In this study, we examined the in vitro mechanism of biotin attachment to histone H2A in the presence of HCS and BirA. Biotin 53-59 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 105-108 19160459-3 2009 The experiment derives from our observations that HCS is found in the nucleus of cells in addition to the cytoplasm, and it has the ability to attach biotin to histones in vitro (Narang et al., Hum Mol Genet 2004; 13:15-23). Biotin 150-156 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 50-53 19160459-4 2009 Using recombinant HCS or BirA, the rate of biotin attachment was considerably slower with histone H2A than with the biotin binding domain of an apocarboxylase. Biotin 43-49 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 18-21 19160459-4 2009 Using recombinant HCS or BirA, the rate of biotin attachment was considerably slower with histone H2A than with the biotin binding domain of an apocarboxylase. Biotin 116-122 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 18-21 19160459-7 2009 The specific attachment sites of nonenzymatically biotinylated recombinant H2A at different time points were identified using mass spectrometry, and were found to consist of a similar pattern of biotin attachment as seen in the presence of HCS, with preference for lysines in the highly basic N-terminal region of the histone. Biotin 50-56 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 240-243 19056636-2 2009 In cells, holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) mediates covalent binding of biotin to histones; biotinylation of lysine-12 in histone H4 (K12BioH4) causes gene repression. Biotin 72-78 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 10-36 19056636-2 2009 In cells, holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) mediates covalent binding of biotin to histones; biotinylation of lysine-12 in histone H4 (K12BioH4) causes gene repression. Biotin 72-78 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 38-41 19056636-3 2009 Here we propose a novel role for HCS in sensing and regulating levels of biotin in eukaryotic cells. Biotin 73-79 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 33-36 19056636-4 2009 We hypothesize that nuclear translocation of HCS increases in response to biotin supplementation; HCS then biotinylates histone H4 at SMVT promoters, silencing biotin transporter genes. Biotin 74-80 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 45-48 19056636-4 2009 We hypothesize that nuclear translocation of HCS increases in response to biotin supplementation; HCS then biotinylates histone H4 at SMVT promoters, silencing biotin transporter genes. Biotin 107-113 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 45-48 19056636-5 2009 We show that nuclear translocation of HCS is a biotin-dependent process that might involve tyrosine kinases, histone deacetylases, and histone methyltransferases in human lymphoid (Jurkat) cells. Biotin 47-53 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 38-41 19056636-6 2009 The nuclear translocation of HCS correlated with biotin concentrations in cell culture media; the relative enrichment of both HCS and K12BioH4 at SMVT promoter 1 (but not promoter 2) increased by 91% in cells cultured in medium containing 10 nmol/L biotin compared with 0.25 nmol/L biotin. Biotin 49-55 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 29-32 19056636-6 2009 The nuclear translocation of HCS correlated with biotin concentrations in cell culture media; the relative enrichment of both HCS and K12BioH4 at SMVT promoter 1 (but not promoter 2) increased by 91% in cells cultured in medium containing 10 nmol/L biotin compared with 0.25 nmol/L biotin. Biotin 249-255 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 29-32 19056636-6 2009 The nuclear translocation of HCS correlated with biotin concentrations in cell culture media; the relative enrichment of both HCS and K12BioH4 at SMVT promoter 1 (but not promoter 2) increased by 91% in cells cultured in medium containing 10 nmol/L biotin compared with 0.25 nmol/L biotin. Biotin 249-255 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 29-32 19056636-8 2009 Biotin homeostasis by HCS-dependent chromatin remodeling at the SMVT promoter 1 locus was disrupted in HCS knockdown cells, as evidenced by abnormal chromatin structure (K12BioH4 abundance) and increased SMVT expression. Biotin 0-6 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 22-25 19056636-8 2009 Biotin homeostasis by HCS-dependent chromatin remodeling at the SMVT promoter 1 locus was disrupted in HCS knockdown cells, as evidenced by abnormal chromatin structure (K12BioH4 abundance) and increased SMVT expression. Biotin 0-6 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 103-106 19056636-9 2009 The findings from this study are consistent with the theory that HCS senses biotin, and that biotin regulates its own cellular uptake by participating in HCS-dependent chromatin remodeling events at the SMVT promoter 1 locus in Jurkat cells. Biotin 76-82 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 65-68 19056636-9 2009 The findings from this study are consistent with the theory that HCS senses biotin, and that biotin regulates its own cellular uptake by participating in HCS-dependent chromatin remodeling events at the SMVT promoter 1 locus in Jurkat cells. Biotin 93-99 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 154-157 19056812-2 2009 The enzyme, biotin protein ligase, which catalyzes post-transcriptional biotin addition to biotin-dependent carboxylases, plays a central roll in transmitting the demand for biotin to gene expression. Biotin 72-78 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 12-33 19056812-2 2009 The enzyme, biotin protein ligase, which catalyzes post-transcriptional biotin addition to biotin-dependent carboxylases, plays a central roll in transmitting the demand for biotin to gene expression. Biotin 72-78 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 12-33 19056812-6 2009 However, the biotin holoenzyme ligase (holocarboxylase synthetase) is proposed to both catalyze biotin addition to carboxylases and to histones in its metabolic and transcriptional roles, respectively. Biotin 13-19 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 39-65 18845537-3 2008 This latter reaction is catalyzed by holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) via synthesis of 5"-biotinyl-AMP (B-AMP) from biotin and ATP, followed by transfer of the biotin to a specific lysine residue of the apocarboxylase substrate. Biotin 90-96 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 37-63 18845537-3 2008 This latter reaction is catalyzed by holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) via synthesis of 5"-biotinyl-AMP (B-AMP) from biotin and ATP, followed by transfer of the biotin to a specific lysine residue of the apocarboxylase substrate. Biotin 90-96 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 65-68 18845537-3 2008 This latter reaction is catalyzed by holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) via synthesis of 5"-biotinyl-AMP (B-AMP) from biotin and ATP, followed by transfer of the biotin to a specific lysine residue of the apocarboxylase substrate. Biotin 116-122 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 37-63 18845537-3 2008 This latter reaction is catalyzed by holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) via synthesis of 5"-biotinyl-AMP (B-AMP) from biotin and ATP, followed by transfer of the biotin to a specific lysine residue of the apocarboxylase substrate. Biotin 116-122 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 65-68 19022951-4 2008 Here, we demonstrate that the covalent binding of the vitamin biotin to lysine-12 in histone H4 (H4K12bio) and lysine-9 in histone H2A (H2AK9bio), mediated by holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS), is an epigenetic mechanism to repress retrotransposon transcription in human and mouse cell lines and in primary cells from a human supplementation study. Biotin 62-68 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 159-185 19022951-4 2008 Here, we demonstrate that the covalent binding of the vitamin biotin to lysine-12 in histone H4 (H4K12bio) and lysine-9 in histone H2A (H2AK9bio), mediated by holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS), is an epigenetic mechanism to repress retrotransposon transcription in human and mouse cell lines and in primary cells from a human supplementation study. Biotin 62-68 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 187-190 19019041-1 2008 Holocarboxylase synthetase catalyzes the covalent binding of biotin to histones in humans and other eukaryotes. Biotin 61-67 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 18442489-1 2008 The attachment of biotin onto the biotin-dependent enzymes is catalysed by biotin protein ligase (BPL), also known as holocarboxylase synthase HCS in mammals. Biotin 18-24 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 143-146 18442489-1 2008 The attachment of biotin onto the biotin-dependent enzymes is catalysed by biotin protein ligase (BPL), also known as holocarboxylase synthase HCS in mammals. Biotin 34-40 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 143-146 18442489-3 2008 All mammalian biotin-enzymes are post-translationally biotinylated, and therefore activated, through the action of a single HCS. Biotin 14-20 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 124-127 18442489-5 2008 Defects in biotin metabolism, including HCS, give rise to multiple carboxylase deficiency (MCD). Biotin 11-17 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 40-43 18429047-12 2008 These results help provide a molecular explanation for the incomplete biotin-responsiveness of this p.L216R form of HLCS. Biotin 70-76 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 116-120 17904341-2 2008 In cells, biotin is covalently linked to histones in a reaction catalyzed by holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS); biotinylation of lysine 12-biotinylated histone H4 (K12Bio H4) causes gene silencing. Biotin 10-16 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 105-108 17904341-3 2008 Here, we propose a novel role for HCS in sensing and regulating levels of biotin in eukaryotic cells. Biotin 74-80 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 34-37 17904341-4 2008 We hypothesized that nuclear translocation of HCS increases in response to biotin supplementation; HCS then biotinylates histone H4 at SMVT promoters, silencing biotin transporter genes. Biotin 75-81 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 46-49 17904341-4 2008 We hypothesized that nuclear translocation of HCS increases in response to biotin supplementation; HCS then biotinylates histone H4 at SMVT promoters, silencing biotin transporter genes. Biotin 108-114 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 46-49 17904341-6 2008 The nuclear translocation of HCS correlated with biotin concentrations in media; the relative enrichment of both HCS and K12Bio H4 at SMVT promoter 1 (but not promoter 2) increased by 91% in cells cultured in medium containing 10 nmol/l biotin compared with 0.25 nmol/l biotin. Biotin 237-243 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 29-32 17904341-6 2008 The nuclear translocation of HCS correlated with biotin concentrations in media; the relative enrichment of both HCS and K12Bio H4 at SMVT promoter 1 (but not promoter 2) increased by 91% in cells cultured in medium containing 10 nmol/l biotin compared with 0.25 nmol/l biotin. Biotin 237-243 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 29-32 17904341-8 2008 Biotin homeostasis by HCS-dependent chromatin remodeling at the SMVT promoter 1 locus was disrupted in HCS knockdown cells, as evidenced by abnormal chromatin structure (K12Bio H4 abundance) and increased SMVT expression. Biotin 0-6 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 22-25 17904341-8 2008 Biotin homeostasis by HCS-dependent chromatin remodeling at the SMVT promoter 1 locus was disrupted in HCS knockdown cells, as evidenced by abnormal chromatin structure (K12Bio H4 abundance) and increased SMVT expression. Biotin 0-6 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 103-106 17904341-9 2008 The findings from this study are consistent with the theory that HCS senses biotin, and that biotin regulates its own cellular uptake by participating in HCS-dependent chromatin remodeling events at the SMVT promoter 1 locus in Jurkat cells. Biotin 76-82 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 65-68 17904341-9 2008 The findings from this study are consistent with the theory that HCS senses biotin, and that biotin regulates its own cellular uptake by participating in HCS-dependent chromatin remodeling events at the SMVT promoter 1 locus in Jurkat cells. Biotin 93-99 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 154-157 17669049-2 2007 A key protein in biotin-mediated transcription regulation is the biotin protein ligase, the enzyme responsible for catalyzing covalent linkage of the vitamin to biotin-dependent carboxylases. Biotin 17-23 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 65-86 17407983-1 2006 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) is an enzyme that catalyzes biotin incorporation into carboxylases, and its deficiency causes biotin-responsive multiple carboxylase deficiency. Biotin 61-67 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 17407983-1 2006 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) is an enzyme that catalyzes biotin incorporation into carboxylases, and its deficiency causes biotin-responsive multiple carboxylase deficiency. Biotin 61-67 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 17407983-1 2006 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) is an enzyme that catalyzes biotin incorporation into carboxylases, and its deficiency causes biotin-responsive multiple carboxylase deficiency. Biotin 127-133 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-26 17407983-1 2006 Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) is an enzyme that catalyzes biotin incorporation into carboxylases, and its deficiency causes biotin-responsive multiple carboxylase deficiency. Biotin 127-133 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 28-31 17669049-3 2007 In the biotin regulatory system of Escherichia coli, the best characterized of the biotin-sensing systems, the biotin protein ligase functions both as the biotinylating enzyme and as a transcription repressor. Biotin 7-13 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 111-132 17669049-3 2007 In the biotin regulatory system of Escherichia coli, the best characterized of the biotin-sensing systems, the biotin protein ligase functions both as the biotinylating enzyme and as a transcription repressor. Biotin 83-89 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 111-132 16109483-4 2006 Recently, evidence that biotinidase and holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyze the covalent binding of biotin to histones has been provided. Biotin 24-30 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 68-71 16359899-6 2006 On the other hand, holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) mRNA levels were markedly low in the deficient animals, and increased upon biotin injection. Biotin 127-133 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 19-45 16359899-6 2006 On the other hand, holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) mRNA levels were markedly low in the deficient animals, and increased upon biotin injection. Biotin 127-133 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 47-50 16359899-8 2006 To probe into the "logic" of this enigma, we have started comparative studies among evolutionarily distant organisms, such as mouse and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and we are now looking for biotin effects on specific genes and proteins, such as HCS and hexokinases, and on their proteomes. Biotin 189-195 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 244-247 16134170-2 2005 HLCS is an enzyme that catalyzes biotin incorporation into carboxylases and histones. Biotin 33-39 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 0-4 16134170-12 2005 There is a good relationship between clinical biotin responsiveness and the residual activity of HLCS. Biotin 46-52 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 97-101 16134170-14 2005 Patients who have mutant HLCS with higher residual activity develop symptom after the neonatal period and show a good clinical response to biotin therapy. Biotin 139-145 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 25-29 15905112-2 2005 The enzyme holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) transforms biotin into its active form 5"-biotinyl-AMP and this compound is used to biotinylate five biotin-dependent carboxylases or to activate a soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) and a cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG). Biotin 55-61 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 11-37 15905112-2 2005 The enzyme holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) transforms biotin into its active form 5"-biotinyl-AMP and this compound is used to biotinylate five biotin-dependent carboxylases or to activate a soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) and a cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG). Biotin 55-61 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 39-42 15905112-2 2005 The enzyme holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) transforms biotin into its active form 5"-biotinyl-AMP and this compound is used to biotinylate five biotin-dependent carboxylases or to activate a soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) and a cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG). Biotin 86-92 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 11-37 15905112-2 2005 The enzyme holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) transforms biotin into its active form 5"-biotinyl-AMP and this compound is used to biotinylate five biotin-dependent carboxylases or to activate a soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) and a cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG). Biotin 86-92 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 39-42 15905112-3 2005 The HCS-sGC-PKG pathway is responsible for maintaining the mRNA levels of enzymes involved in biotin utilization including HCS, carboxylases, and a biotin carrier known as sodium-dependent multivitamin transporter (SMVT). Biotin 94-100 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 4-7 15905112-3 2005 The HCS-sGC-PKG pathway is responsible for maintaining the mRNA levels of enzymes involved in biotin utilization including HCS, carboxylases, and a biotin carrier known as sodium-dependent multivitamin transporter (SMVT). Biotin 94-100 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 123-126 15905112-3 2005 The HCS-sGC-PKG pathway is responsible for maintaining the mRNA levels of enzymes involved in biotin utilization including HCS, carboxylases, and a biotin carrier known as sodium-dependent multivitamin transporter (SMVT). Biotin 148-154 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 4-7 15905112-7 2005 Transfection of HepG2 cells with a vector containing a luciferase reporter gene under the control of the rat SMVT promoter demonstrated that its transcriptional activity is regulated by biotin availability through activation of the HCS-sGC-PKG pathway. Biotin 186-192 holocarboxylase synthetase Homo sapiens 232-235